DICTIONARY

O F T H E

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

VOL I.

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Samuel Johk^son, i..i..d.

A

DICTIONARY

OF THE

ENGLISH LANGUAGE:

I N W H I C H

THE WORDS ARE DEDUCED FROM THEIR ORIGINALS,

AND ILLUSXaATED IN THEIR DIFFERENT SIGNIFICATIONS BY EXAMPLES" FROM THE BEST WRITERS.

TO WHICH ARE PREFIXED,

A HISTORYoF.THE LANGUAGE,

AND

An ENGLISH GRAMMAR.
By SAMUEL JOHNSON, LL.D.

IN TWO VOLUMES. V O L. L ^

THE SIXTH EDITION.

Cum tabulis animum cenforis fumet honefti :
Auilebit quKcunque paruin fplendoris habebunt,
Et fine pondere erunt, ct honore indigna ferentur,
Verba moverc loco; quamvis invita recedant,
Et vcrfciituT adhuc intra penetralia Vcftx:
Obfcurata d;u populo bonus eruet, atqUe
Proferct in luccm fpcctolii vocabula rerum,
(^i.x- prifcis mcmorata Catonibus atque Cethsgis
Nunc fitus informis preinit ct delerta vetuftas. HoR.

LONDON

Piinteil for J. F. and C. Rivrrr.TOs, L. Davis, T. Payne and Sos, T. Losgmas, B. I, aw, J. Dodsley, C. Di^ly,
W. LowKors, G. G. J. ariil J. Kobinson, T. Cadeli., Jo. Johnson,, J. Kobson, W. Richardson, J. Nichols,
R. Ealdwih, W. Goldsmith, J. Murray, W. Stuart, P. Elmsly, W. Fox, S. H.vYtf, V. OoiuviE,
W. Bent, T. and J. Eoerton, J. Phillips, nnd M. NjiWBERV.

M.DCC.LXXXV.

R E F A C E.

IT is the fate of thofe who toil at the lower employments of life, to be rather driven by the fear of'
evil, than attrafted by the profpedt of good j to be expofed to cenfure, without hope of praife ; to be
difgraced by mifcarriage, or punifhed for negleft, where fuccefs would have been without applaufe,
and diligence without reward.

Among thefe unhappy mortals is the writer of diflionarlesj whom mankind have confidered, not as the
pupil, but the Have of fcience, the pioneer of literature, doomed only to remove rubbifh and clear ob-
ftruftions from the paths through which Learning and Genius prefs forwai-d to conqueft and glory, without
bellowing a fmile on the humble drudge that facilitates their progrefs. Every other author may afpire to
praife; the lexicographer can only hope to efcape reproach, and even this negative recompenfe has been yet
granted to very few.

I have, notwithftanding this difcouragement, attempted a Dictionary of the Englijh language, which,
■while it was employed in the cultivation of every fpecies of literature, has itfelf been hitherto neglefted j
fuffered to fpread, under the direftion of chance, into wild exuberance ; refigned to the tyranny of time
and fafhion; and expofed to the corruptions of ignorance, and caprices of innovation.

"When I took the firft furvey of my undertaking, I found our fpeech copious without order, and
energetick without rules: wherever I turned my view, there was perplexity to be difentangled, and con-
fufion to be regulated; choice was to be made out of boundlefs variety, without any eftablifhed principle
of feledlion ; adulterations were to be deted:ed, without a fettled tcft of purity ; and modes of expreffion
to be rejefted or received, without the fuffrages of any writers of claflical reputation or acknowledged
authority.

Having therefore no affiftance but from general grammar, I applied myfelf to the perufal of our writers ;
and noting whatever might be of ufe to afcertain or illuftrate any word or phrafc, accumulated in time the
materials of a didionary, which, by degrees, I reduced to method, eftablifliing to myfelf, in the progrefs
of the work, fuch rules as experience and analogy fuggefted to me ; experience, which pradice and ob-
fervation were continually increafing; and analogy, which, though in fome words obfcure, was evident in
Others.

In adjufting the Orthography, which iias been to this time unfetcled and fortuitous, I found it necef-
fary to diftinguilh thofe irregularities that are inherent in our tongue, and perhaps coeval with it, from
others. which the ignorance or negligence of later writers has produced. Every language has its anomalies,
which, though inconvenient, and in themfelves once unneceffary, muft be tolerated among the imperfec-
tions of human things, and which require only to be rcgiflered, that they may not be increafed, and afcer-
tained, that they may not be confounded: but every language has likewife its improprieties and abfurdides,
which it is the duty of the lexicographer to corredl or profcribe.

As language was at its beginning merely oral, all words of neceflary or common ufe 'were ifjolicn be-.
fore they were written ; and while they were unfixed by any vifible figns, muft ha,ve been fpoken with
great diverfity, as we now obferve thofe who cannot read to catch founds imperfeftly, and utter them
negligently. When this wild and barbarous jargon was firft reduced to an alphabet, every penman endea-
voured to exprefs, as he could, the founds which he was accuftomed to pronounce or to receive, and vi-
tiated in writing fuch words as were already vitiated in fpeech. The powers of the letters, when they
were applied to a new language, muft have been vague and unfettlcd, and therefore different hands would
exhibit the fame found by diiFerent combinations,

7 From

PREFACE.

From this uncfrtain pronunciation arifc in a great part the various dialcds of the fame country, which
will alwAVs bcr obfcrved to grow fewer, and lefs different, as books are multiplied ; and from this arbitrary
reprcfc-nt.uion of founds by letters, proceeds that divcrfity of fpclling obfcrvablc in the Saxon remains,
and I fupjx>fc in the firft books of every nation, which perplexes or dcftroys analogy, and produces ano-
maUius formations, that, being once incorporated, can never be afterwards difmiffed or reformed.

Of this kind arc the derivatives length from long, Jirwgth from ftrong, darling from dear, breadth from
kr—d^ from dry^ drought, and from' high, height, which Miltctt, in real for analogy, writes highthi
^id te fxempta JHvat Jpinis de pluribus una ? to change all would be too much, and to change one is
nothing.

Tl)i 'rninty is moft frequent in the Vowels, which are fo capricioufly pronounced, and fo difFer-
cnily i: i, by accident or afFcAation, not only in every province, but in every mouth, that to

them, as Vk well known to ctymologifts, little regard is to be (hewn in the dcdu<5bion of one language from
JUiotlier.

Such defeifls are not errours in orthography, but fpots of barbarity imprefl*ed fo deep in the EtigUJh
language, that criticifm can never wa(h ihcm away : thefe, therefore, muft be permitted to remain un-
touched ; but many words have likcwife been altered by accident, or depraved by ignorance, as the pro-
nunciation of the vulgar has been weakly followed ; and fome ftill continue to be varioufly written, as
authors differ in their care or fkill : of thefe it was proper to enquire the true orthography, which 1 have
always confidcreil as depending on their derivation, and have therefore referred them to their original lan-
guages : thus I write enchant, enchantment, enchanter, after the French, and incantation after the Latin ; thus
tniire is chofcn rather than intire, becaufc it paffcd to us not from the Latin integer, but from the French
tntiir.

Of many words it is difficult to fay whether they were immediately received from the Latin or the
French, fincc at the time v^hen we had dominions in France, we had Latin fcrvice in our churches. It is,
however, my opinion, that the French generally fupplied us j for we hav^ few Latin words, among the
terms of domeftick ufe, which are not French; but many French, which are very remote from Latin.

Even in words of Jwhich the derivation is apparent, I have been often obliged to facrifice uniformity to
cuffom J thus I write. In compliance v ith a numberlefs majority, convey and inveigh, deceit and receipt,
fancy and phantom -, fomctimes the derivative varies from the primitive, as explain and explanation, repeat
4f>d repetition.

' Some combinations of letters having the fame power, are ufed indifirrently without any difcoverable
reafon of choice, as in choak, choke ; /oap,fope ; fewel, fuel, and many others; which I have fomctimes in-
fcrted twice, that thofe who fearch for them under either form, may not fcarch in vain.

! In examining the orthography of any doubtful word, the mode of fpelling by which it is infcrted in the
(cries of the dictionary, is to be confidercd as that to which I give, perhaps not often rafhly, the prefer-
ence. I have left, in the examples, to every author Iiis own praftice unmolefled, that the reader may
J)alar.ce fuffrages, and judge between us: but this qucftion is not always to be determined by reputed or
by rf.n Irirniii'i;; fome men, intent upon greater things, have thought little on founds and derivations;
f) in the ancient tongues, have neglefted tnofe in which our words are commonly to be fought.

T' .' writes " ■" '> (or feajillenejs, becaufe I fuppofe he imagined it derived immediately

Tr'' . _ ; ; and I uds, fuch as dependant, dependent; dependance, dependence, vary their final

lyllablc, as one or another language is prefent to the writer.

, Jn this part of the work, where caprice has long wantoned without controul, and vanity fought praife
by petty reformation, I have endeavoured to proceed with a fcholar's reverence for antiquity, and a gram-
piarian's regard to die genius of our tongue. I have attempted few alterations, and among tiiofe few,
perhaps the greater part is from the modern to the ancient praftice ; and I hope I may be allowed to re-
corv — ' to thofe, whofe thoughts have been perlnps employed too anxioufly oii verbal fingularitics, not
|(> upon narrow views, or for minute propriety, the orthography of their fatliers. It has been

afll-rted, that for tlie law to be kninvn, is of more imf)ortance than to be right. Change, fays Hooker, is
rot made without inconvenience, even from worfe to better. There is in conft^ancy and Itability a general
and lafling advantage, which wiU always overbalance the flow improvements of gradual correction.

$ " Much

PREFACE.

Much lefs ought our written language to comply with the corruptions of oral utterance, or copy that
which every variation of time or place makes different from itfelf, and imitate thofe changes, which will
again be changed, while imitation is employed in obferving them.

This recommendation of fteadinefs and uniformity does not proceed from an opinion, that particular
combinations of letters have much influence on human happinefs ; or that truth may not be fuccefsfully
taught by modes of fpelling fanciful and erroneous : I am not yet fo loft in lexicography, as to forget that
wcrds are the daughters of earth, and that things are the Jons of heaven. Language is only the inftrument
of fcience, and words are but the figns of ideas : I wifh, however, that the inftrument might be lefs apt to
decay, and that figns might be permanent, like the things which they denote.

In fetding the orthography, I have not wholly negleded the pronunciation, which I have direfted,
by printing an accent upon the acute or elevated fyllable. It will fometimes be found, that the accent
is placed by the author quoted, on a different fyllable from that marked in the alphabetical feries ; it is
then to be underftood, that cuftom has varied, or that the author has, in my opinion, pronounced wrong.
Short directions are fometimes given where the found of letters is irregular ; and if they are fometimes
omitted, defedl in fuch minute obfervations will be more eafily excufed, than fuperfiuity.

In the inveftigation both of the orthography and fignification of words, their Etymology was necef^
farily to be confidered, and they were therefore to be divided into primitives and derivatives. A pri-
mitive word, is that which can be traced no furdier to any Englijh root ; thus circumfpe£ty circumvent, cir-
cumjiance, delude, concave, and complicate, though compounds in the Latin, are to us primitives. Deri-
vatives are all thofe that can be referred to any word in Englijh of greater fimplicity.

The derivatives I have referred to their primitives, with an accuracy fometimes needlefs ; for who does
not fee that remotenejs comes from remote, lovely from love, concavity from concave, and demonftrative from
demonftrate ? but this grammatical exuberance the fcheme of my work did not allow me to reprcfs. It is
of great importance, in examining the general fabrick of a language, to trace one word from another, by
noting the ufual modes of derivation and inflexion ; and uniformity muft be preferved in fyftematical
v.orks, though fometimes at the cxpence of particular propriety.

Among other derivatives I have been careful to infert and elucidate the anomalous plurals of nouns and
preterites of verbs, which in the Teutonick dialcfts are very frequent, and, though familiar to thofe who
have always ufed them, interrupt and embarrafs the learners of our language.

The two languages from which our primitives have been derived are the Roman and Teutonick : under
tlic Roman I comprehend the French and provincial tongues ; and under the Teutonick range the Saxony
German, and all their kindred dialecfts. Moft of our polyfyllables are Roman, and our words of one fyl-
lable are very often Teutonick.

In afllgning the Roman original, it has perhaps fometimes happened that I have . mentioned only the
Latin, when the word was borrowed from the French; and confidcring myfelf as employed only in the
ilhiftration of my own language, I have not been very tarefulto obferve whether the Latin word be pure
or barbarous, or the French elegant or obfolete.

For the Teutonick etymologies I am commonly indebted to Junius and Skinner, the only names which I
have forborn to quote when I copied their books ; not that I might appropriate their labours or ufurp their
honours, but that I might fpare a general repetition by one general acknowledgment. Of thefe, whom I
ought not to mention bur with the reverence due to inftruflors and benefaftors, Junius appears to have
excelled in extent of learning, and Skinner in re6litude of underftanding. Junius was accurately flcilled in
all tiie northern languages. Skinner probably examined the ancient and remoter dialefts only by occafional
infpedion into diftionaries ; but the learning of Junius is often of no other ufe than to fliow him a track by
which he may deviate from his purpofe, to v/hich Skinner always prcffes forward by the Ihorteft way.
Skinner is often ignorant, but never ridiculous : Junius is always full of knowledge j but his variety diftracts
his judgment, and his learning is very frequently difgraced by his abfurditics.

The votaries of the northern mufes will not perhaps eafily reftrain their indignation, when they find the
name o( Junius thus degraded by a difailvantageous comparifon ; but whatever reverence is due to his di-
ligence, or his attainments, it can be no criminal degree of cenibiioufnefs to charge that etym.ologift with
want of judgment, who can ferioufly derive dream from drama, becaufe life is a drama, and a drama is a

dream j

PREFACE.

dreant ; and who declares with a tone of defiance, that no man can fail to derive moan from /^e'l-of, mono$y
Jingle or Jolitary, who confiders that grief naturally loves to be alone *.

Our knowledge of the northern literature is fo fcanty, that of words undoubtedly 7V7</o»/V^, the original is
not always to be found in any ancient language ; and I have therefore infcrted Dutch or German fubftitutes>
which I confider not as radical, but parallel, not as the parents, but fifters of the Englijh.

The words which are reprefented as thus related by defcent or cognation, do not always agree in fenfe j
for it is incident to words, as to their authors, to degenerate from their anceftors, and to change their manners
when they change their country. It is fufficient, in etymological enquiries, if the fenfcs of kindred words
be found fuch as may eafily pafs into each other, or fuch as may both be referred to one general idea.

The etymology, fo far as it is yet known, was eafily found in the volumes where it is particularly and
profelTedly delivered ; and, by proper attention to the rules of derivation, the orthography was foon ad-
jufted. But to COLLECT the Words of our language was a tafk of greater difficulty : the deficiency of
diftionaries was immediately apparent -, and when they were exhaufted, what was yet wanting muft be
fought by fortuitous and unguided excurfions into books, and gleaned as induftry fhould find, or chance
fhould offer it, in the boundlefs chaos of a living fpeech. My fearch, however, has been either fkilful or
lucky i for I have much augmented the vocabulaiy.

x\s my defign was a diftionary, common or appellative, I have omitted all words which have relation to
proper names ; fuch as Avian, Socinian, Calvinijt, Benediifine, Mahometan ; but have retained thofe of ^
more general nature, as Heathen, Pagan.

Of the terms of art I have received fuch as could be found either in books of fcience or technical dic-
tionaries ; and have often inferted, from philofophical writers, words which are fiipported perhaps only by
a fingle authority, and which being not admitted into general ufe, ftand yet as candidates or probationers,
and muft depend for their adoption on the fuffrage of futurity.

The words which our authors have introduced by their knowledge of foreign languages, or ignorance
of their own, by vanity or wantonnefs, by compliance with falhion or luft of innovation, I have regiftered
as they occurred, though commonly only to cenfure them, and warn others againft the folly of naturalizing
ufelefs foreigners to the injury of the natives.

I have not rejefted any by defign, merely becaufe they were unnecefliary or exuberant ; but have re-
ceived thofe which by different writers have been differently formed, as vi/cidy and vijcidity, vifcous, and
vijajity.

Compounded or double words I have feldom noted, except when they obtain a fignification different
from that which the components have in their fimple ftate. Thus highwayman, woodman, and horfecourfer,
require an explanation ; but of thieflike or coachdriver no notice was needed, becaufe the primitives Contain
the meaning of the compounds.

Words arbitrarily formed by a conftant and fettled analogy, like diminutive adjeftives in ijh, as greenijkf,
lluijb ; adverbs in ly, as dully, openly ; fubflf Aiitives in nejs, as vilenejs, faultinejs ; were lefs diligently fought,
and fometimes have been omitted, when I had no authority that invited me to infert them; not that they

• That I may not appear to have fpoken too irreverently of ubi antique fcriptuminvenimns jemoeteb hit emerij. " Inve-

Junius, I have here fubjoined a few fpeciraens of hii ctyinolo- " nit earn vacantem."
gical extravagance. ' ^^^^^ ^^^^^ ^^^^^ p^ g. hyll. Quod videri poteft abfcifum

Bamish, religare, ex banno vel territorio exigere, in exiliiim ex koX/'mi vel w^utl^. Collit, tumulus, locus in piano editior,

»gere. G. bannir. It. bandire,bandeggiare. H. bandir. B. ban- Horn. II. b. v. 8il. tri ^s ti? ir^o9ra^oi8t «■o^so{ amiia, xoPiinj.

nen. M\\ tnedii fcriptores bannire dicebant. V. Spclm. in Ban- Ubi authori brevium fcholiorum xoAwnj exp. tojtov iij a^a^ atn*.u*,

num iV in Banleuga. Quoniam vcro regionum urbiumq; limites yixMipof e4''X''*

ar^uis plerumq; montibi.s altis fluminibus, longis deniq; Qcx- iSIap, to take a nap. Dormire, condormifcere. Cym. heppian.

uofifq; anguftilfimarum viarum amfraaxbus includebantur, fieri p^^ g. hna:ppan. Quod poftremum videri potcll defuraptiim ex

poteft id genus l.mites *fl«diciab eo quod Ba.,»Ta. & B«»a\« ^^..^aj, obfcuritas, te.iebra; : nihil enim a-que folet conciliare

Tarentiais ol.m, ficuti tradit Hefychius, vocabantur «: Xo^i. >.fx\ fomnum, quam caliginofa profunda noai^obfcuritas.
ftn ^9i/Ti»iK JJoi, "obliquae acminimc inreaum tendcntes vi^." t> il ui r /^ .i. c-i- mx^a/to a o _

Ac fortafTe quoque hue facit quod B..J,«, eoden. Hefychio telle. Stammerer, Balbu^, Wa:fus. Goth. STAMMb, A. S. pra-

dicebant %^ re«yyv'A„ montes arduo... '"en. J^amun. D. ftam. B. ftamder. Su. ftam.na. fft. ftamr. bunt

_ . a TuiMhut vel fuu.i?^>^i"r nimia loquacitate alios oftendere ; quod

fcMPxy, emie, -vacuus, UamS. A. S. ^mti^. Ncfcio an fint jnip^aue loquentcs libentillime garriie foleant ; vel quod aliis
ab .f«« vel i^ilao,. Vomo, evomo, vomitu evacuo. Videtur intcvjm ■^■■, r,.„,n„ vi-jcantur. etiam oarciffimc loauentcs.

arc

PREFACE.

arc not genuine and regular ofFsprlngs of EngUjh roots, but becaufe their relation to the primitive being
always the fame, their fignification cannot be miftaken.

The verbal nouns in in^, fuch as the keeping of the caftle, the leading of the armyy are always neglefted,
or placed only to illuftrate the fenfe of the verb, except when they fignify things as well as adioiis, and
have therefore a plural number, as d-welling, living 5 or have an abfolute and abftrad: fignification, as colcur-
ifig, painting, leanring. ^

The participles are likewife omitted, unlefs, by fignifying rather habit or quality than adlion, they take
the nature of adjeftives j as a.- thinking man, a man of prudence j a pacing horfe, a horfe that can pace: thefe
I have ventured to call participial adjcSlives. But neither are thefe always inferted, becaufe they are com-
monly to be underftood, without any danger of miftake, by confulting the verb.

Obfolete words are admitted, when they arc found in authors not obfolcte, or when they have any force
or beauty that may defcrve revival.

As compofition is one of the chief charafterifticks of a language, I have endeavoured to make fbme
reparation for the univerfal negligence of my predeceflbrs, by inferting great numbers of compounded-
words, as may be found under after, fore, new, night, fair, and many more. Thefe, numerous as they
are, might be multiplied, but that ufe anfl curiofity are here fatisfied, and tlie frame of our language an^
modes of our combination amply difcovered. ,

Of fome forms of compofition, fuch as that by which re is prefixed to note repetition, and «« to fignify
tontrariety or privation^ all the examples cannot be accumulated, becaufe the ufe of thefe particles, if not
wholly arbitrary, is fo little limited, that they arc hourly affixed to new words as occafion requires, or is
imagined to require them.

There is another kind of compofition more Frequent in our language than perhaps in any other, from
which arifes to foreigners the ereateft: difficulty. We modify the fignification of many words by a particle
fubjoined 5 as to come off, to elcape by a fetch ; to fall on, to attack j to fall off, to apollatize ; to break
off, to ftop abruptly; to bear out, to julbfy; to fall in, to comply ; to give over, to ceafe j to Jet off, to
embellifli ; to Jet in, to begin a continual tenour j to Jet out, to begin a courfe or journey j to lake off^ td
<opy ; with innumerable expreflions of die fame kind, of which fome appear widely irregular, being fci
far diftant from the fenfe of the fimple words, that no fagacity will be able to trace the fteps by which
they arrived at the prefent ufe. Thefe I have noted with great care ; and though I cannot flatter myfelf
that the coUeftion is complete, I believe I have lb far aflifted the fiiudents of our language, that this kind
of phrafeology will be no longer infuperable ; and the combinations of verbs and particles, by chance
©mitted, will be eafily explained by comparifon with thofe that may be found.

Many words yet ftand fijpported only by the name of Bailey, Ainjworth, Philips, or the contra(5ted 'DiSt.
for Diffionaries fubjoined; of thefe I am not always certain that they are read in any book but the works
of lexicographers. Of fuch I have omitted many, becaufe I had neverread them ; and many I have in-
ferted, becaufe ' they may perhaps exifl:, though they have efcaped my notice : they are, however, to be
yet confidered as refiling only upon the credit of former diftionaries. Others, which I confidefed as ufeful,
or know to be proper, though I could not at prefent fupport them by authorities, I have fuffwed to ftand
upon my own atteftation, claiming the fame privilege with my predeceflTor*, of being fometimes credited
"without proof.

The words, thus fdefted and difpofcd, are grammatically confidered ; they are referred to the diff*erent
parts of fpcech ; traced, when they are irregularly inflefted, through their various terminations^; and il-
luftratcd by obfcrvations, not indeed of great or firiking importance, feparately confidered, but neccfifary
to the elucidation of our language, and hitherto neglefted or forgotten by Englifh grammarians.

That part of my work on which I expeft malignity mod frequently to faften, is the Explanation; in
which I cannot hope to fatisfy thofe, who arc perhaps not ini lined to be pleafed, fince I have not always
been able to fatisfy myfelf To interpret a language by itfelf is very difficult; many words cannot be
explained by fynonimes, becaufe the idea fignified by them has not more than one appellation ; nor by
paraphrafe, becaufe fimple ideas cannot be dtfcribed. When the nature of things is unknown, or the
notion unfcttlcd and indefinite, and various in various minds, the words by which fuch nodons are con-
veyed, or fuch things denoted, will be ambiguous and perplexed. And fuch is the fate of haplefs lexico-
graphy, that not only darknefs, but light, impedes and diftreflcs it ; thinjgs may be not only too little, but

Vol. I. b ' tq©

PREFACE.

too mnch kno^'tt, to br happily ilkiftrated. To explain, require^ the ufc of terms Icfs abftrufe than that
which is to be explained, and fuch terms cannot always be found ; for as nothing can be proved but the
fuppofmg fomething intuitively known, and evident without proof, fo nothing can be defined but by die
uie of words too plain to admit a definition.

Other words there are, of which the fenfe is too fubtle and cvanefcent to be fixed in a paraphrafe j fuch
are all thofc which are by the grammarians termed expUiives, and, in dead languages, are fuffered to pafs
for empty founds, of no other ufe than to fill a verfe, or to modulate a period, but whicJi are eafily per-
ceived in living tongues to have power and emphafisj though it be fometimes fuch as no other form of
exprelTion can convey.

My labour has likewifc been much increafed by a clafs of verbs too frequent in the Englijh language,
of which the lignification is fo loofe and general, tlie ufe fo vague and indeterminate, and tlie fenfes de-
tortcd fo widely from the firft idea, that it is hard to trace them through the maze of variation, to catch
them on the brink of utter inanity, to circumfcribe them by any limitations, or interpret them by any
words of diftinft and fettled meaning; fuch are bear, break, come, caft,full, get, give, do, put. Jet, go, run, make,
take, turn, throw. If of thefe the whole power is not accurately delivered, it muft be remembered,
that while our language is yet living, and variable by the caprice of every one that Ipeaks it, thefe words
arc hourly fhifting their relations, and can no more be afcertained in a diftionary, than a grove, in the agi-
tation of a ftorm, can be accurately delineated from its piflure in the water.

The particles are among all nations applied with fo great latitude, that they are not eafily reducible wmder
any regular fcheme of explication : this difficulty is not lefs, nor perhaps greater, in Englijh, than in other
languages. I have laboured them with diligence, I hope with fuccefs ; fuch at leaft as can be expeifted in
a tafk, which no man, however learned or fagacious, has yet been able to perform.

Some words there are which I cannot explain, becaufe I do not underftand them ; thefe might have

been omitted very often with little inconvenience, but I would not fo far indulge my vanity as to decline

this confcfTion : for when Tully owns himfelf ignorant whether lejjus, in the twelve tables, means a Juneral

Jong, or mourning garment ; and Arijlctle doubts whether ouf luj, in the Iliad, fignifies a mule, or mtileteery

I may furely, without fhame, leave fome obfcurities to happier indufb-y, or future information.

The rigour of interpretative lexicography requires that the explanation, and the word explained, Jhould be
»lways reciprocal j this I have always endeavoured, but could not always attain. Words are fcldom cx-
aftly fynonimous; a new term was not introduced, but becaufe the former was thought inadequate:
names, therefore, have often many ideas, but few ideas have many names. It was then necefTary to ufc
the proximate word, for the deficiency of lingle terms can very feldom be fupplied by circumlocution ;
nor is the inconvenience great of fuch mutilated interpretations, becaufe the fenfe may eafily be coUefted
entire from the examples.

In every word of extenfive ufe, it was requifite to mark the progrefs of its meaning, and fhow by what
gradations of intermediate fenfe it has pafTcd from its primitive to its remote and accidental fignification ;
{o that every foregoing explanation fhould tend to that which follows, and die ferles be regularly concate-
nated from thcfiril notion to the laft.

This is fpecious, but not always prafticable ; kindred fenfes may be fb interwoven, that the perplexity
cannot be difentangled, nor any reafon be afligned why one (houkl be ranged before the other. When the
radical idea branches out into parallel ramifications, iiow can a confecutive feries be formed of fenfes in
their nature collateral ? The thades of meaning fometimes pafs imperceptibly into each other ; fo that
tliough on one fide they apparently tlifi'er, yet it is impofTible to mark the point of contaft. Ideas of the
fame race, though not exaffly alike, are fometimes fo little different, diat no words can exprefs the difTimi-
litudc, though the mind eafily perceives it, when they are exhibited together ; and fometimes there is fuch
a confufion of acceptations, that difcernment is wearied, and diflinftion puzzled, and perfcverance herfelf
hurries to an end, by crowding together what flie cannot feparate.

Thefe complaints of difficulty will, by thofe that have never confidered words beyond their popular wie,
be thought only the jargon of a man willing to magnify his labours, and procure veneration to his ftudies
by involution and obfcurity. But every art is obfcure to thofe that have not learned it : this uncertainty of
terms, and commixture of ideas, is well known to diofe who have joined philofopliy with grammar ; and if

I have

.:p R E F A C E.

I have not exprefled them very clearly, it muft be remembered that I am fpeaking of that which words arc.
infufficient to explain.

The original fenfe of words is often driven out of ufe by theii" metaphorical acceptations, yet muft be
inferted for the fake of a regular origination. Thus I know not whether ardour is ufed for material heat,
or ■vihcxher flagrant, in Englifi, ever fignifies the fame with burning -, yet fuch are the primitive Ideas of thefc
words, which are therefore let firft, diough without examples, that the figurative fenfes may be comniOr-
dioufly deduced.

Such is the exuberance of fignification which many words have obtained, tha.t it was fcarcely poffible to
colieft all their fcnles ; fometimes the meaning of derivatives mull be fought in the mother ternri, and
fometimes deficient explanations of the primitive may be fupplied in the train of derivation. In any cafe
of doubt or difficulty, it will be always proper to examine all the words of the fame race ; for fome words
are fiightly pafied over to avoid repetition, fome admitted eafier and clearer explanation than others, and all
will be better undeiilood, as they are confidered in greater variety of ftruftures and relations.

All the interpretatipns of words are not written with the fame flcill, or the fame happinefs : things equally
eafy in themfelves, are not all equally eafy to any fingle mind. Eveiy writer of a long work cornmits
errours, where there appears neither ambiguity to miflead, nor obfcurity to confound him ; and in a fearch
like this, many felicities of expreffion will be cafually overlooked, many convenient parallels will be
forgotten, and many particulars will admit improvement from a mind utterly-unequal to the whole
performance.

But many feeming faults arc to be imputed rather to the nature of the undertaking, than the negligence
of the performer. Thus fome explanations are unavoidably reciprocal or circular, as hind, the female of
the flag; flag, the male of the hind: fometimes eafier words are changed into harder, as hurial into feptil-
ture or interment, drier into deficcative, drynefs into ftccity or aridity, fit into paroxyfm ; for the eafieft'word,
•whatever it be, can never be tranflated into one more eafy. But eafinefs and difficulty are merely relative,
and if the prefent prevalence of our language Ihould invite foreigners to this diftionary, many will be af-
fifted by thofe wordp which now feem only to increafe or produce obfcurity. For this reafon I have en-
deavoured frequently to join a Teutonick and Roman interpretation, as to cheer, to gladden, or exhilarate,
that every learner of Englijh may be affifted by his own tongue.

The folution of all difficulties, and the fupply of all defefts, muft be fought in the examples, fubjoined
to the various fenfes of each word, and ranged according to the time of their authors. r^

When I firft collefted thefe authorities, I was defirous that every quotation ftiould be ufeful to fome
other end than the illuftration of a word ; I therefore extrafted from pliilofophers principles of fcience ;
from hiftofians remarkable faifls ; from chymifts complete procefles ; from divines ftriking exhortations ;
and from poets beautiful defcriptions. Such is defign, while it is yet at a diftance from execution.
"When the time called upon me to range this accumulation of elegance and wifdom into an alphabetical
fcries, 1 foon difcovered that the bulk of ray volumes would fright away the ftudent, and was forced to
depart from my fcheme of including all that was pkafing or ufeful in Englijh literature, and reduce my
trar/crlpts very often to clufters of words, In which fcarcely any meaning is retained ; thus to tiie wearinefs
of copying, I was condemned to add the vexation of expunging. Some pafTages I have yet fpared, which
may relieve the labour of verbal fearchcs, and interfperfe with verdure and flowers the dully defarts of
barren philology.

'I*he examples, thus mutilated, are no longer to be confidered as conveying the fentiments or dodlrinc
of their authors ; the word for the fake of which they are inferted, with all its appendant claufes, has been
carefully preferved ; but it may fometimes happen, by hafty detruncation, that die general tendency of
the fcntencc may be changed : the divine may defert his tenets, or the philofopher his fyilem.

Some of the examples have been taken from writers who were never mentioned as mailers of elegance
or models offtylc; but words muft be fought where they arc ufcd ; and In wluit pages, eminent for purity,
can terms of manufadlure or agriculture be found? Many quotations fcrve no other purpofe, than that
of proving the bare exiftence of words, and are therefore feledled with Icfs fcrupuloufnefs than thofe which
are to teach their ftru<flures and relations.

My purpofe was to admit no teftimony of living authors, that I might not be mifled by partiality, and
•that none of my contemporaries might have reafon to complain ; nor have I departed from this refolutlon,

h % . but

r ft B P A C E.

but when fomc performance of uncommon excellence excited my veneration, when my memory fuppHecf
me, from late books, with an example that was wanting, or when my heart, in the tendernefs of friendfhip,
folicited adiniilion for a favourite name.

So far have I been from any care to grace my pages with modern decorations, that I have ftudioofly en-
deavoured to colle<5l examples and authorities from the writers before the reftoration, whofe works I re-
gani as the wells of Engliflj undeJUed, as the pure fources of genuine diftion. Our language, for almoft
a century, has, by the concurrence of many caufes, been gradually departing from its original 'Teutonick
xharafter, and deviating towards a Gallick ftnu5hjre and phrafeology, from which it ought to be our en-
deavour to recal it, by making our ancient volumes the ground-work of ftyle, admitting among the ad-
ditions of later times, only fuch as may fupply real deficiencies, fuch as are readily adopted by the genius
of our tongue, and incorporate eafily with our native idioms.

But as every language has a time of rudenefs antecedent to perfefbion, as well as of falfe refinement and
declenfion, I have Iseen cautious left my zeal for antiquity might drive me into times too remote, and
crowd my book with words now no longer underftood. I Iiave fixed Sidney's work for the boundary, be-
yond which I make few excurfions. From the authors which rofe in the time of Elixabetb, a fpeech might
be formed adequate to all the purpofes of ufe and elegance. If the language of theology were extraftcd
from Hooker and the tranflation of the Bible j the terms of natural knowledge from Bacon ; the phrafes of
|X)licy, war, and navigation from Raleigh -, the dialed of poetry and fidlion from Spenfer and Sidney ; and
the didion of common life from Sbakefpeafe, few ideas would be loft to mankind, for want of Englijh words,
in which they might be exprefled.

It is not fufficient that a word is found, unlefs it be fb combined as that its meaning is apparently deter-
Aiined by the tra£t and tenour of the fentence ; fuch paflages I have therefore cliofen, and when it happened
rhat any author gave a definition of a term, or fuch an explanation as is equivalent to a definition, I have
placed his authority as a fupplement to my own, without regard to the chronological order, that is other-
wife obferved. '

Some words, indeed, ftand unfupported by any authority, but they are commonly derivative nouns, or
adverbs, formed from their primitives by regular and conftant analogy, or names of things feldom occur*
ring in books, or words of which I have reafon to doubt the exiftence.

There is more danger of cenfure from the multiplicity than paucity of examples ; authorities will
fomerimes feem to have been accumulated without necelTity or ufe, and perhaps fome will be found, which
might, without lofs, have been omitted. But a work of this kind is not haftily to be charged with
fuperfluities : thofe quotations, which to carelefs or unfkilful perufers appear only to repeat the fame
fenfe, will often exhibit, to a more accurate examinep, diverfities of fignification, or, at leaft, afford different
fhades of the fame meaning; one will lliew the word applied to perfons, another to things; one will ex-
prefs an ill, another a good, and a third a neutral fenfe j one will prove the exprefTion genuine from aft
ancient author ; another will fhew it elegant from a modern : a doubtful authority is corroborated by
another of more credit ; an ambiguous fentence is afcertained by a paflage clear and determinate ; the
word, how often foever repeated, appears with new affociates and in different combinations, and every quo-
tation contributes Ibmething to the ftability or enlargement of the language.

"When words are ufcd equivocally, I receive them in either fenfe ; when they are metaphorical, I adopt
them in their primitive acceptation.

1 hare fometimes, though rarely, yielded to the temptation of exhibiting a genealogy of fentiments, by
(hewing how one author copied the thoughts and diftion of another: fuch quotations are indeed little more
than repetitions, which might juftly be cenfured, did they not gratify the mind, by affording a kind of in-
telleftual hiftory.

The various fyntadlical ftruftures occurring in the examples have been carefully noted j the licence or
negligence with which many words have been hitherto ufed, has made our ftyle capricious and indeter-
minate ; when the different combinations of the fame word are exhibited together, the preference is readily
given to propriety, and I have often endeavoured to direfb the choice.

Thus have I laboured by fetding the orthography, difplaying the analogy, regulating the ftruftures, and
afceruining the fignification of Englijb words, to perform all the parts of a faithful lexicographer : but I

have

4

PREFACE.

have not ^ways executed my own fchernc, or fatisfied my own expeftations. The work, whatever proofs
of diligence and attention it may exhibit, is yet capable of many improvements: the orthography which
I recommend is ftill controvertible, the etymology which I adopt is uncertain, and perhaps frequently er-
roneous ; the explanations are fometimes too much contrafted, and fometimes too much difFufed, the
fignifications are diftinguiflied rather with fubtilty than fkill, and the attention is harafled with unneceflary
minutenefs.

The examples are too often injudicioufly truncated, and perhaps fometimes, I hope very rarely, alleged
in a miftaken fenfe ; for in making this colledlion I trufted more to memory, than, in a flate of difquiet and
embarraffinent, memory can contain, and purpofed to fupply at the review what was left incomplete in the
firft tranfcription.

'. Many terms appropriated to particular occupations, though neceffary and figniFxant, are undoubtedly
omitted ; and of the words moft ftudioufly confidered and exemplified, many fenfes have efcaped ob-
fervation.

Yet thefe failures, however frequent, may admit extenuation and apology. To have attempted
much is always laudable, even when the enterprize is above tiie ftrength that undertakes it : To reft
below his own aim is incident to every one whofe fancy is aftive, and whofe views are comprehenfive ;
nor is any man fatisfied with himfelf becaufe he has done much, but becaufe he can conceive httle-
When firft I engaged in this work, I refolved to leave neither words nor things unexamined, and pleafed
myfelf with a profpeft of the hours wiiich I ftiould revel away in feafts of literature, the obfcure
recefles of northern learning which I Ihould enter and ranfack, the treafures with which I expefted
every fearch into thofe neglected mines to reward my labour, and the triumph with which I ftiould dis-
play my acquifitions to mankind. When I had thus enquired into the original of words, I refolved to
Jhow likewife my attention to things ; to pierce deep into every fcience, to enquire the nature of every
fubftance of which I inferted the name, to limit every idea by a definition ftridly logical, and exhibit every
produftion of art or nature in an accurate defcription, that my book might be in place of all other di£tio-»
naries whether appellative or technical. But thefe were the dreams of a poet doomed at laft to wake a,
lexicographer. I foon found that it is too late to look for inftruments, when the work calls for execution,
and that whatever abilities I had brought to my tafk, with thofe I muft finally perform it. To deliberate
whenever I doubted, to enquire whenever I was ignorant, would have protracted the undertaking without
end, and, perhaps, without much improvement j for I did not find by my firft experiments, that what I
had not of my own was eafily to be obtained : I faw that one enquiry only gave occafion to another, that
book referred to book, that to fearch was not always to find, and to find was not always to be informed ;
and that thus to purfue perfection, was, like the firft inhabitants of Arcadia, to chafe the fun, which,
when they had reached the hill where he fcemed to reft, was ftill beheld at the fame diftance from them.

I then contraded my defign, determining to confide in myfelf, and no longer to folicit auxiliaries, which
produced more incumbrance than afTiftance : by this I obtained at leaft one advantage, diat I fet limits to
my work, which would in time be ended, though not completed.

Defpondency has never fo far prevailed as to deprefs me to negligence ; fome faults will at laft appear
to be the effeds of anxious diligence and perfevering aftivity. The nice and fubtle ramifications of
meanihg were not eafily avoided by a mind intent upon accuracy, and convinced of the necefllty of dif- ■
entangling combinations, and fcparating fimilitudes. Many of the diftinftions, which to common readers
appear ufelefs and idle, will be found real and important by men verfed in the fchool philofophy, without
which no dictionary can ever be accurately compiled, or fkilfully examined.

Some fenfes however there are, which, though not the fame, are yet fo nearly allied, that they are
often confounded. Moft men think indiftinftly, and therefore cannot fpeak-with exaftnefs ; and con-
fequently fome examples might be indifi^erently put to either fignification : this uncertainty is not to be
imputed to me, who do not form, but regifter the language ; who do not teach men how they fliould
think, but relate how they have hitherto exprelTcd their thoughts.

The imperfeft fenfe of fome examples I lamented, but could not remedy, and hope they will be com-
penfated by innumerable paffagfs fele£t':d with propriety, and preferred with exaftnefs -, fome Ihining
with fparks of imagination, and fome replete with treafures of wifdom.

The orthography and etymology, though imperfed, are not imperfect for want of care, but becaufe
care will oot always be fucccfsful, and recolk^iwn of iftformation coine too late for ufe.

Thai

P R E 1*' A. C E.

That many terms of art and manufafture are omitted, muft be frankly acknowledged ; bat for this
dcfcil I may boldly allege that it was unavoidable: I could not vifit caverns to learn the miner's
language, nor take a voyage to perfcdl my (kill in the dialed of navigation, nor vifit the warehoufes
of merchants, and fhops of artificers, to gain the names of wares, tools and operations, of which no
mention is found in books ; what favourable accident, or eafy enquiry brought within my reach, has
not been neglcdled ; but it had been a hopclefs labour to glean up words, by courting living informa-
tion, and contcfting with die fuUennefii of one, and the roughnefs of another.

To furnifli the academicians della Crujca with words of this kind, a feries of comedies called U
Tiera, or the Fair, was j^rofcflcdly written by Buonaroti; but I had no fuch afliftant, and therefore
was content to want wiiat they muft have wanted likewife, had they not luckily been fo fupplied.

Nor are all words which are not found in the vocabular)-, to be lamented as omiflions. Of the
laborious and mercantile part of* the people, the diflion is in a great meafure cafual and mutable ; many
of their terms are formed for fome temporary or local convenience, and though current at certain times
and places, are in others utterly unknown. This fugitive cant, which is always in a ftate of increafe cw
decay, cannot be regarded as any part of the durable materials of a language, and therefore muft be
differed to pcrifh with other things unworthy of prefervation.

Care -will fometimes betray to the appearance of negligence. He that is catching opportunities wliich
feldom occur, will fufFer thofe to pafe by unregarded, which he expefts hourly to return ; he that is fearch-
ing for rare and remote things, will negleft thofe that are obvious and familiar : thus many of the moft
common and curfory words have been inferted with little illuftration, becaufe in gathering the authorities,
I forbore to copy thofe which i thought likely to occur whenever they were wanted. It is remark-
able that, in reviewing my colleftion, I found the word Sea unexemplified.

Thus it happens, that in things difficult there is danger from ignorance, and in things eafy from
confidence ; the mind, afraid q{ greatnefs, and difdainful of littlenefs, haftily withdraws herfelf from
painful fearches, and pafles with fcornful rapidity over tafks not adequate to her powers, fometimes too
fecure for caution, and again too anxious for vigorous effort ; fometimes idle in a plain path, and fome-
times diftraftcd in labyrinths, and diflipated by different intentions.

A large work is difficult becaufe it is large, even though all its parts might fingly be performed with
facility ; where there are many things to be done, each muft be allowed its (hare of time and labour,
in the proportion only which it bears to the whole ; nor can it be expecfted, that the ftones which form
the dome of a temple, (hould be fquared and polilbed like the diamond of a ring.

Of the event of this work, for which, having laboured it with fo much application, I cannot but
have fome degree of parental fondnefs, it is natural to form conjedtures. Thofe who have been per-
fuaded to think well of my dcfign, will require that it (liould fix our language, and put a ftop to
thofe alterations which time and chance have hitherto been fuffered to make in it without oppofition.
"With this confequence I will confefs that I flattered myfelf for a while ; but now begin to fear that I
have indulged expectation which neither reafon nor experience can juftify. When we fee men grow old
»nd die at a certain time one after another, from century to ccn'^ury, we laugh at the elixir that promifcs
to prolong life to a thoufand years ; and with equal jultice may the lexicographer be derided, who
being alile to produce no example of a nation that has preferved their words and phrafcs from mutability,
ihall imagine tlut his didionary can embalm his language, and fecure it from corruption and decay,
that it is m his power to change fublunary nature, and clear the world at once from folly, vanity, and
^ffeftation^

With this hope, however, academies have been inftituted, to guard the avenues of dieir languages,
to retau» fugitives, and repulfe intruders -, but their vigilance and aftivity have iiitherto been vain ;
founds are too volatile and fubtile for legal reftraints ; to enchain fyllables, and to lafh the wind, are
equally the undertakings of pride, unwilling to meafure its'defires by its ftrc'ngch. The French language
Jias vifibly changed under the infpedion of the academy; the ftyle of Jmelot's tranfiation of father Paul
is obfcrved by Le Courayer to be un peu pajfe ; and no Italian will maintain, that the didion of any
modem writer is not perceptibly different from that of Boccacty Machiavel, or Caro.

Total and fudden transformations of a language feldom happen ; conqucfts and migrations are now
very /are .: but there arc other caufcs of change, which, tliough flow in their operation, and invifi-ble in

riieir

PRE FACE.

their progrefs, are perhaps as much Tuperiour to human refiftance, as the revolutions of the fky, or
intumefcence of the tide. Commerce, however neceflaiy, however lucrative, as it depraves the manners,
corrupts the language j they that have frequent intercourfe with ftrangers, to whom they endeavour to
accommodate themfelves, muft in time learn a mingled dialedt, like the jargon which ferves the traffickers
on the Mediterranean and Indian coafts. This will not always be confined to the exchange, the warehoufe,
or tlie port, but wi'l be communicated by degrees to other ranks of the people, and be at laft incorporated
with the current fpeech.

There are likewife internal caufes equally forcible. The language mod likely to continue long
without alteration, would be that of a nation raifed a little, and but a little, above barbarity, fecluded
from ftrangers, and totally employed in procuring the conveniencies of life ; either without books, or,
fike fome of 'the Mahometan countries, with very few : men thus bufied and unlearned, havuig only fucl>
words as common ufe requires, would perhaps long continue to exprefs the fame notions by the fame
figns. But no fuch conftancy can be expefted in a people polifhed by arts, and clafled by fubordination,
where one part of the community is fuftained and accommodated by the labour of the other. Thofe
who have much leifure to think, will always be enlarging the ftock of ideas; and every increafe of
knowledge, whether real or fancied, will produce new words, or combinations of words. When the
mind is unchained from neceflity, it will range after convenience ; when it is left at large in the fields
of fpeculation, it will fhifc opinions ; as any cuftom is difufed, the words that exprefled it muft perifti witli
it i as any opinion grows popular, it will innovate fpeech in the fame proportion as it altera praftice.

As by the cultivation of various fciences a language is amplified, it will be more furnifhed with*
words deflefted from their original fenfe ; the geometrician will talk of a courtier's zenith, or the
eccentrick virtue of a wild hero, and the phyfician of fanguine expedtations and phlegmatick delays.
Copioufnefs of fpeech will give opportunities to capricious choice, by which fome words will be pre-
ferred, and others degraded; vicifTitudes of fafhion will enforce the ufe of new, or extend the figrviftcatioa
of known terms. The tropes of poetry will make hourly encroachments, and the metaphorical will
become the current fenfe: pronunciation will be varied by levity or ignorance, and the pen muft
at length comply with the tongue ; illiterate writers will, at one time or other, by publick infatuation,
rife into renown, who, not knowing the original import of words, will ufe them with colloquial Ficen-
tioufnefs, confound diftinftion, and forget propriety. As politenefs increafes, fome cxpreffions will be-
confidcred as too grofs and vulgar for the delicate, others as too formal and ceremonious for the gav
and airy; new phrafes are therefore adopted, which muft, for the fame rcafons, be in time difmifleJ.
Swift, in his petty treatife on the Eng/ijh language, allows that new words muft fometimes be intro-
duced, but propofes that none fhould be fufFered to become obfolete. But what makes a word obfolete,
more than general agreement to forbear it ? and how ftiall it be continued, when it conveys an ofFenfivcr
idea, or recalled again into the mouths of mankind, when it has once become unfamiliar by difufe, and
unpleafing by unfamiliarity ?

There is another caufe of alteration more prevalent than any other, which yet ia the prelent ftate of the
world cannot be obviated. A mixture of two languages will produce a third diftinft from both, and
they will always be mixed, where the chief part of education, and the moft confpicuous accompliftiment,
is (kill in ancient or in foreign tongues. He that has long cultivated another language, will find its
words and combinations crowd upon his memory ; and hafte and negligence, refinement and affediation;,
will obtrude borrowed terms and exotick expre/Tions.

The great peft of fpeech is frequency of tranflation. No book was ever turned from one lanrgaage into-
another, without imparting fomething of its native idiom > this is the moft mifchievous and comprehen-
five innovation ; fingle words may enter by thoufands, and the fabrick of the tongue continue the fame ;
but new phrafeology changes much at once ; it alters, not the fingle ftones of the building, but the order
of the columns, if an academy fhould be eftablifhed for the cultivation of our ftyle, which I, who care
never wifh to fee dependance multiplied, hope the fpirit of Engiijb liberty will hinder or deftnoy, let them,
inftead of compiling grammars and didlionaries, endeavour, with all their influence, to flop the licence of
tranflators, whofe idlenefs and ignorance, if it be fuffered to proceed, will reduce us ta babble a diaJeit
of France.

If the changes that we fear be thus irrefiftible, what remains bat to acquiefce with filence, as in the other
infurmountable diftrefTes of humanity ? It remains that we retard what we cannot repel, that we palliate
what we cannot cure. Life may be lengthened by care, though death cannot be ultimately defeated?

. . 5 t<>ngues*

PREFACE.

tongues, like governments, have a natural tendency to degeneration i wc have long prefcrved our confti-
tution, let us make feme ftruggles for our language.

In hope of giving longevity to that which its own nature forbids to be immortal, I have devoted this
book, the labour of years, to the honour of my country, that we may po longer yield the palm of philology,
without a conteft, to the nations of the continent. The chief glory of every people arifes from its au-
thors : whether I fhall add any thin^ by my own writings to the reputation of Englijh literature, muft be •
left to time : much of my life has been loft under the preflures of difeafe ; much has been trifled away ;
and much has always been fpent in provifion for the day that was paffing over me ; but I fliall not think ,
my employment ufelefs or ignoble, if by my afliftance foreign nations, and diftant ages, gain accefs to
the propagators of knowledge, and underftand the teachers of truth j if my labours afford light to die
repofitorics of fcience, and add celebrity to Bacon, to Hooker, to Milion, and to Btyle.

When I am animated by this wi(h, I look with pleafure on my book, however defeftive, and deliver
it to the world with the fpirit of a man that has endeavoured welL That it will immediately become
popular I have not promifed to myfelf : a few wild blunders, and rifible abfurdities, from which no work
of fuch multiplicity was ever free, may for a time furnifh folly with laughter, and harden igrwrance in
contempt ; but ufeful diligence will at laft prevail, and there never can be wanting fome who diftinguilh
defert; who will confider that no didtionary of a living tongue ever can be perfecl, fince while it is haftcn-
ing to publication, fome words are budding, and fome falling away ; that a whole life cannot be fpent upon
fyntax and etymology, and that even a whole life would not be fufficient j that he, whofe dcfign includes
•whatever language can exprefs, muft often fpeak of what he does not underftand ; that a writer will
fometimes be hurried by eagcrnefs to the end, and foraetimes faint with wcarinefs under a talk, which
Scaliger compares to the labours of the anvil and the mine ; that what is obvious is not always known,
and what is known is not always prefent ; tliat fudden fits of inadvertency will furprize vigilance, fligJTt
avocations will feduce attention, and cafual eclipfes of the mind will darken learning ; and that the writer
lliall often in vain trace his memory at the moment of need, for that which yefterday he knew with intui-
tive rcadinefs, and which will come uncalled into his thoughts to-morrow.

In this work, when it fliall be found that much is omitted, let it not be forgotten that much likewifc
IS performed ; and though no book was ever fpared out of tendcrnefs to the author, and the world is
little folicitous to know whence proceeded the faults of that which it condemns ; yet it may gratify curio-
fity to inform it, that the Englijh DiHionary was written with little affiftance of the learned, and without
any patronage of the great ; not in the foft obfcuriries of retirement, or under the flicker of academick
bowers, but amidft inconvenience and diftraftion, in ficknefs and in forro\y. It may reprefs the triumph
of malignant criticifm to obferve, that if our language is not here fully difplayed, I have only failed in an
attempt which no human powers have hitherto completed. If the lexicons of ancient tongues, now im-
mutably fixed, axid comprized in a few volumes, be yet, after the toil of fucceffive ages, inadequate and
delufive ; if the aggregated knowledge, and co-operating diligence of the Italian academicians, did not
fecure them from the cenfu.'-e of Beni ^ if the embodied criticks of France-, when fifty years had been
fpent upon their work, were obliged to change its ceconomy, and give their fecond edition another form,
I may furcly be contented without the pr?tifc of perfection, which, if I could obtain, in this gloom of fo-
litude, what would it avail me? I have jirotrafted my work till moft of thofe whom I wiScd to pleafc
have funk into the grave, and fuccefs and mifcarriage are empty founds ; I therdbre Jifmifs it with frigid
tranquillity, having little to fear or hope fcom cenfure or from praifc.

THE

/

THE

HISTORY

OF THE

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

THOUGH ihe Britains or Weljh were the
firft pofleflbrs of this ifland, whofe names
are recorded, and are therefore in civil hif-
tory always confidered as the predeceflbrs of the
prelent inhabitants; yet the dedu6lion of the Eng-
lijh language, from the earlieft times of which we
have any knowledge to its prefent Hate, requires
no mention of them: for we have fo few words
which can, with any probability, be referred to Bri-
tijh roots, that we juftly regard the Saxom and fVe'Jh
as nations totally diftindl. It has been conjedlured,
that when the Saxons feized this country, they fuf-
fered the Britains to live among them in a ftate of
vaflalage, employed in the culture of the ground,
and other laborious and ignoble fervices. But it is
fcarctly poffible, that a nation, however depreflcd,
fhould have been mixed with another in confidcr-
able numbers without fome communication of their
tongue, and therefore, it may, with great reafon, be
imagined, that thofe, who were not fheltered in the
mountains, pcriihed by the fword.

The whole fabrick and fcheme of the Englifl}
language is Golhick or Teutonick : it is a dialeft of
that tongue, which prevails over all the northern
countries of Europe^ except thofe where the Scla-
vonian is fpokcn. Of thefe languages Dr. Hickes
has thus exhibited the genealogy.

G O T H I C K,

Anglo-Saxon, Francick,

Dutch German.

Frifick,

tnglifh,

Vol. I.

CiMBRICK,
' " »

Idandick,
Norwegian,
Swedifli,
Danifli.

Of the Cothick, the only monument remaining
is a copy of the gofpels fomewhat mutilated, which,
from the filver with which the charaders are adorn-
ed, is called the^Iver bock. It is now preferved at
Upfal, and having been twice publiihed before, has
been lately reprinted at Oxford, under the infpec-
tion of Mr. Lye, the editor of Junius. Whether
the didtion of this venerable manufcript be purely
Gothick, has been doubted j it feems however to
exhibit the moft ancient dialed now to be found of
the Teutonick race ; and the Saxon, which is the
original of the prefent Englijh, was either derived
from it, or both have defcended from fome com-
mon parent.

What was the form of the Saxon language, when,
about the year 450, they firft entered Britain, can-
not now be known. They feem to have been a
people without learning, and very probably with-
out an alphabet ; their fpeech, therefore, having
been always curfory and extemporaneous, muft
have been artlefs and unconnefted, without any
modes of tranfition or involution of claufes; which
abruptnefs and inconnedion may be obferved even
in their later writings. This barbarity may be
fuppofed to have continued during their wars with
the Britains, which for a time left them no leifurc
for fofter ftudics; nor is there any reafon for fup-
pofing it abated, till the year 570, whei) Augujline
came from Rome to convert them to Chriftianity.
The Chriftian religion always implies or produces
a certain degree of civility and learning; they
then became by degrees acquainted with the Ro-
man language, and ib gained, from time to time,
fome knowledge and elegance, till in three centu-
ries they had formed a language capable of ex-
prefling all the fentimcnts of a civilifcd people, as
c appears

THE HISTORY OF THE

appears by k'ng Alfreds paraphrafe or imitation of CAP. II.

Bcethius, and his Ihort preface, which I have fe- ^^ ^^^^ , ^ ,^. ^^^^ lurr'jcnlice ronr.

Icdtcd as the firft fpecimcn of ancient EngUJb. ^^ ^^^^^ ^^ heopienoe j-in^in. ■] mit) j-pi ur^cpa-

t)um pojitJum jcferran. |)cah ic jeo npilum je-

C A P. I. coplice puntie, ac ic nu pepenfce ^ 5ij-cierit?e op

>cx L ' T;cnat»rii pont>a mirpo. me ablentsan bar unxer-

/-\N «a;pe ribe fe Doran op 8iSSiu mrrj^e j^^.^ j^j ,j,^_ ^ ^^ 1,^ ponleran^-pa

^-^ pi)7 Komana jiice jepin upahoron. •] mi]? hi,„^ne on |7i)^ Dinime hoi. Bx bepeapoCon

heopa cynin^um. Rxbjora ant) eallepica pxjioii j^i^ene luprba-nnerre pa Sa ic hun a-pne berrr

harne. Romane bupij abparcon. anb eall Iralia ^p^pp^e. Ba pentjon hi me heopa bxc ro anD me

jiice jJ ip berpux )7am munrum •] Sici'ia ^am ^^,^ ^^„^^ p^omjepiran. To phon pceolmi la

ealonT5e m anpaib jepehron. -^ fa je^rep Jam j^,^^^ pnient) reTTan bsr ic Terjch-r men pa:ne.

popepppecenan cyninjum Deot)pic peiij ro f am ,,^ ,^^ 5,^^,^ xepiEhr re Se on 6am Teralbum

ilcan pice, j-e Deobpic pa.-p Amulmja. he pasp ^uphpuman ne mor:-

Epipren. feah he on f am Appianipcan jetjpolan . *

Suphpunot>e. pe ^eher Romanum hir ppeont>- CAP. HI.
rcine. ppa •* hi morran heopi ealt)pihra pypbe , ^ , , \cr^
beon. Ac he ba xehar ppiSe ypele selspre. DA ic fa Sip leoj?. cpa^SBoerIlIp.3eomplent)e■
^ ppiSe ppabe Teenl>ot)e mib mancTum mane, apun^en hreptse. «a com ?iajp jan in ro me heo-
•« pir ro eacan ofpum unapimet)um yplum. f he F^^cunt) pipt)om. •] -p min miipnentse COot) mit>
lohannep bone papan her opplean. Da y.vy pum hippopbum jejperre. T flip cpasf . ^u ne eapr
conpul. -p pe heperoha haraf . Boeriup y^y f " f^ »""" )'* "" "i'"r& F^le pa?pe apet) •] ^e-
haren. re yxr in boccpreprum -j on popult) lappet). Ac hponon pupt)efu mm fippum popult>
bcapumpepihrpirepra. 8e Sa onrear f a manij- FPS""! f^r TP'l'e jeppencet). buron ic par f
pealmn ypel fe re cynin3 Deojpic pif f am f u hteppr Sapa pxpna ro hpaf e pop^iren 6e ic
fcpiprenantjome ^ pif fam Romanipcum piriim fe aep pealne. Da clipot)e pe pipt)om •] cpsf.
tjyoe. he b a •remunt5e «apa ef neppa -j f apa e.il- Depiraf nu apipjet^e popult) popja op minep
DpihraSehiunr)epSamEarepumhaspt>onheopa f^S^nep C0ot5e. popfam Te pinb fa maspraa
ealT>hlapopt5Lim. Da onran he pmeajan -] leopni- pceafan. Ljeraf hme epr hpeoppan ro mmiim
ran on him j-elpum hu he j5pice 'Sam unpihrpipan iapum. Da eot)e pe pij-tjom neap, cpref Boeriup.
cy-niHTe apeppan mihre. •] on pyhr ^eleappul- minum hpeoppienTJan jefohre. •] hir ppa mopolil
pa anb on pihrpippa anpaib jebpmjan. 8ent5e ^ip^'^ hpeja upapst)e. at)pi3be fa minenep
fa biTelhce spenbreppiru ro fam Eapepe ro COot)ep eajan. ant) hir ppan bhf urn popuim.
tonpranrinopohm. fsp ip Upeca heah bupj ^ hpsfep hir oncneope hip poprepmotjop. mit>
heopa cyneprol. pop fam pe Daj-epe psep heopa ^am fe Sa f COob pif bepent>e. 6a ^ecneop hir
ealbhlapopt) cynnep. ba^bon hine f.-er he him ro rP'?^ ppeorele hip ajne mot)op. -p pasp pe pip-
heopa Epiprent)ome ■] ro heopa ealopihrum je- ^^m fe •'r^ ^anje asp rybe ■] la^poe. ac hir on-
pulrumebe. Da -f onrear pe paslhpeopa cyninj ^ear hip lape ppife roropenne •] ppif e robpo-
Deobpic. «a hjer he hine jebpinjanon capcepne cenne mit) tjypijpa honbum. ■] hine fa ppan hu
■] frp mne belucan. Da lur 6a jelomp -p je f jepupbe. Da ant)ppypt)e pe pipbom him 7
appypSa psep on ppa m'celpe neapaneppe be- pa:be. •^ hip jmjpan htepbon hine ppa roropenne.
com. fa yxr he ppa micle ppi6op on hip COot)e P^P- fa^J^ hi reohhot)on f hi hine eallne habban
rebpepeb. ppa hip CDo» xp. ppi6on ro f im pceotoon. ac hi 3e3at5epu6 monipealb toypij on
popult) pa f um unjepot) pa:p. -] he 6a nanpe ]p^'?^ poprp'upunja. -j on fam jilpe buran heopa
ppoppe be innan fam capcepne ne jemunbe. ac hpelc epr ro hype bore jecippe:-
he jepeoll nipol op t>une on fa plop. •] hine -phis' may perhaps be confidered as a fpecimen
aprpehre ppife unpor. anb opmob hine pelpne of the Saxcn in its higheft ftatc of purity, for here
pon^an pepan ^ fup pingenbe cpef , are fcarcciy any words borrowed from the Roman

dialeds.

Of

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

Of the follov/ing verfion of the gofpels the age
is not certainly known, but it was probably writ-
ten between the time of /IlfreJ and that of the Nor-
man conqueft, and therefore may properly be in-
ferted here.

Tranflations fcldom afford juft fpecimehs of a
language, and ieaft of all thofe in which a fcrupu-
lous and verbal interpretation is endeavoured, be-
caufe they retain the phrafeology and ftrufture of

L UC^, Cap. I.

TJ^ ORD^QD pe: pirot)lice maneji Jjohron jjapa
jiiinja jiace 5e-ent)eby_pt>an pe: on uy ^epyl-
]et)e f ynt:.

' 2 Spa uy bershrun pz Se hir oj? pfiymSe
Tcppon. aiib jjtjie j'pjiarce j^enaj- prejion.

3 OOe j;e]7uhre [o_p-pylijt)e pjiom pjauma]
jeojiniice eallum. [miS] enoebyptinej'j'e pjiiran
fee. pu 'Se j'eluj'ra Theophilup

4 D.er ]ju oncnape f»apa popt)a yo'SfXfTn&jje.
op ):'am 'Se j?u jel^ejiet) eapr:-

5 On ^ejiooep Oajum lutJea cynmcjej-. pjep
piim pacejit) on naman Zachajiiap op Sbian rune.
3 hip pip psep op Sajionep Oohrjium. ant) hype
nama pa?p Glizaberh:-

6 SoSiice hij pasjxon buru pihtrpipe bepojaan
Ifu'De. j.injentie on eallum hip bebot>um ■] jiihr-
pipneppuni buran pjiohre:-

7 Ant5 hij nEejOon nan beapn. pojifjam ^e
eiizaberh p{ep unbej\ent)e. •] hy on hyjia Oagum
buru jojiSeotJun:-

8 SoSlice p3ep jepojiben pa. Zachapiap hyp pa-
cept);iatiep bpeacon hip jeppixlepentiebyjiDneppe
bepopan Eot)e.

9 iEprep jeponan ptey paceptihaioep hlorep.
he eot)e f he hip opppunje perre, Sa he on
Cot5ep rempel eobe.

ID Gall pepot) pxy polcep pasp ure 3ebit)t)ent)e
on Jjjepeopppunjenman:-

1 1 Da asryptie him Dpihrnep enjel prant)ent>e
on pxy peopobep ppiSpan healpe.

12 Di peapt) Zachapiap jetspepet) f S^f^'
ont5e. ~] him ere onhpeap:-

1 3 Da cpa;S pe enjel him ro. Ne onttpret) pu
Se Zachapiap. popj;am Jjin ben ip jehypet). ■]
j;in pip eiizaberh pe: punu cen^. ant) ]ju nempr
hyp naman lohannep.

14 ■] he byS pc ro jepean ■] ro blippe. •]
maneja on hyp acennebneppe jepajniaS:-

15 SuSIice he byS m.tpe bepopan Dpihrne.
anb he ne topincSpin ne beop. •] lie biS -s^epyllet)
on halijum Dapre. );onne jyr op hip motiop in-
r.oSe.

1 6 Snb maneja Ippahela beapna he jecypS ro
Dpihrne iiypa Dobc.

6 17 Snb

the original tongue; yet they have often this con-
venience, that the fame book, being tranflated in
different ages, affords opportunity of marking the
gradations of change, and bringing one age into
comparifon with another. For this purpofe I have
placed the Saxon verfion and that of Wickliffe, writ-
ten about the year 1380, in oppofite columns, be-
caufe the convenience of eafy collation feems greater
than that of regular chronology.

LUK, Chap. L

"IN the dayes of Eroude kyng of Judee ther was a
■*■ preft Zacarye by name : of the fort of Abia, and
his wyf was of the doughtris of Aaron : and hir
name was Elizabeth.

2 An bothe weren jufte bifore God : goynge in
alle the maundementis and juftifyingis of the Lord
withouten playnt.

3 And thei hadden no child, for Elizabeth was
bareyn and bothe weren of greet age in her dayes.

4 And it bifel that whanne Zacarye fchould do
the office of prcfthod in the ordir of his courfe to
fore God.

5 Aftir the cuftom of the prefthod, he wente
forth by lot and entride into the temple to encenfen.

6 And at the multitude of the puple was with-
out forth and preyede in the our of encenfying.

7 And an aungel of the Lord appcride to him:
and flood on the right half of the auter of en-
cenfe.

8 And Zacarye feynge was afrayed : and dredc
fcl upon him.

9 And the aungel fayde to him, Zacarye drede
thou not: for thy preier is herd, and Elizabeth
thi wif fchal here to thee a fone: and his name fchal
be clepid Jon.

10 And joye and gladyng fchal be to thee: and
manye fchulen have joye in his natyvyte.

1 1 For he fchal be great bifore the Lord : and
he fchal not drinke wyn ne fydyr, and he fchal be
fulfild with the holy goft yit of his modir wombe.

12 And he fchal converte manye of the children
of Ifrael to her Lord God.

13 And

THE HISTORY OF THE

58 -] hype nehchebupaj- •} hyjie cu^an f je-
hyptxjn. -p Dpihren hij^ nult>-heoprne)-)-e nut)
hype m.TppJt)e -j hij mit) hype blij-)roDon:-

59 Di <'n bam ehreo^an tjsje 1115 comon j)
ciIt> yir.bj-nifean. ant) ncmt>on hir.e hij- jrrcCep
naman Zachapiam:-

60 Da ant5ppapot>e hi)' mot)op. Ne y& yo'Sty.
ac he bib lohanner jenemnet):-

61 Da cpstx)n.hi ro hype. Nijr nan on j:inpe
ma j^e |-yppum naman jenemnet):-

6a Da bicnobon hi ro hif pttiep. hysfc he
poIt>e hyne jenemneDne beon:-

63 pa ppar he5ebet)enum pex-bpebe. lohan-
nejr hiy nama. 6a punOpoCon hij ealle:-

64 Da peapS fona hiif muS ■] hij" runje je-
openoo. •] he ]-ppasc. Dpihren blerpjenoe:-

65 Di. peap'^ eje 5epopt)en opep ealle hypa
nehchebupaj". ant) opep ealle Iut>ea munr-lant>
p.Epon y^Y poptJ 5epib;ii£eppot)e.

66 ■] ealle pa be hir jehyptx>n. on hypa heop-
ran j-errun ■] cprebon. penp: Su hpsr byS jjejf
cnapa. pirot)lice Dpihrnej" hant) pasp mit) him:-

67 Ant) Zachapiap hiy )::ast)ep pasp mit> hale-
jum tjapre jepyllet). •] be pirejotJe anb cyse.'S.

68 Deb!erj-ut) py Dpihren Ippahela Got), pop-
])jm ]:ehe jeneopuCe. "3 hip polcep alypetjneppe
tjytje.

6g Snt) he up hcele hopn apxpbe on Dauit»ep
hope hip cnihrep,

70 Spa he pppsEC ])uph hip halejpa pirejena
muS. |Ja Se op poplt)ep ppym Se ppprecon.

71 •] he alypCe up op iipum peont)um. anb op
ealpa Jjapa hant)a ^e up harebon,

yi COilt)-heoprneppe ro pypcenne mit) upum
paetjepum. ■] Temunan hip halejan cy'Sneppe.

73 ^yne uy ro pyllenne jjone aS jje he upum
pa;t)ep Sbpahame fpop.

74 D.Er pe buraii eje. op upe peonDa hant)a
alypebe. him )?eopian

75 On halijneppe bepopan him eallum upum
toajum:- •

76 SnT) pu cnapa bipt: J)acp hehpran pireja
jenemneb. J?u jaepr bepopan Dpihrnep anpyne.

77 '1 o pyllene hip poke haele jepic on hypa '
pynna popTypneppe.

78 Duph inno^ap upep Eot)ep milt)-heopr-
neppe. on Jjam he up jeneoputje op eaprbasle
up-pypinjenoe.

79 Onlyhran J>am p& on )yprpiim "} on tieaSep
pceabe pirraS. upe per ro jepeccenne on pibbe

80 Soolice pe cnapa peox. •;] pasp on japre
jeprpanjot). -] p«p on peprenum 00 jjone X)x-^
hyp ierypeOneppum on Ippahel:-

6

54 And the neyghbouris and cofyns of hir
herdcn that the Lord hadde magnyfied his mercy
with hir, and ihci thankiden him.

55 And it was doon in the eightithe day tl>ei
camen to circunifide the child, .nrd thei clepiden
him Zacarye by the name of his fad:r.

56 And his modir anfweridc and fcide, nay,
but he fchal be clepid Jon.

57 And thci fciden to hir, for no man is in tht
kyndrede that is dtpid this name.

58 And thei bikcnydcn to his fadir, what he
wolde that he were clepid.

59 And heaxinge a poyntel wroot feyinge, Jon
is his name, and allc men wondridcn.

60 And annoon his mouth was openyd and his
tunge, and he fpak and blcffide God.

61 And drede was maad on all hir neighbouris,
and all the wordis wercn puplifchid on aile the
mounteynes of Judee.

62 And alle men that hcrden puttiden in her
herte, and feiden what manner child fchal this be,
for the bond of the Lord was with him.

63 And Zacarye his fadir was fulfiUid with the
holy Goft, and profcciede and feide.

64 Bleffid be the Lord God of Ifrael, for he has
vifitid and maad redempcioun of his puple.

6g And he has rered to us an horn of helthe in
the hous of Dauith his child.

66 As he fpak by the mouth of hife holy pro*
phetis that weren fro the world.

67 Helth fro oure enemyes, and fro the hond of
alle men that hatiden us.

68 To do merfy with oure fadris, and to have
mynde of his holy teftament.

69 The grete ooth that he fwoor to Abraham our
fadir,

70 To geve himfelf to us, that we without
drede delyvered fro the hond of our enemyes ferve
to him,

71 In holynefTe and rightwifncfle before him,
in alle our dayes.

72 And thou child fchalt be clepid the profete of
the highede, for thou fchalt go before the face of
the Lord to make redy hife weycs.

73 To geve fcicncc of heelth to his puple into
remiffioun of her fynncs.

74 By the inwardenefs of the merfy of oure God,
in the which he fpringyng up fro on high hath
vifued us.

75 To g^v^ ^'ght to them that fitten in dark-
reffis, and in fchadowe of dceth, to drefTe our feet
into the weye of pecsj

76 And the child wexide, and was confortid in
fpiryt, and was in dcfert placis till to the day of his •
fthcwing to Yfrael.

Of

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

Of the Siixoft poetry fome fpecimen is neceflary,
though our ignorance of the laws of their metre and
the quantities of their fyllables, which it would be
very dillicult, perhaps impoflible, to recover^ ex-
cludes us from that pleakire which the old bards
undoubtedly gave to their contemporaries.
■I The firfl: poetry of the Saxons was without rhyme,
anJ confcqoently muil have depended upon the
quantity of their fyllables ; but they began in time
to imitate their neighbours, and clofe their verfes
with correfpondent founds.

The two paflages, whicli I have felcfted, contain
apparently the rudiments of our prefent lyrick mea-
fures, and the writers may be juftly confidered as
the genuine anceftors of the Englijh poets.

^e mai him fojte at)jiet)en,

Da^r he Sanne ojre bitit)e ne mujen^

Uoji -^ bihmpeS dome.

^s; If pi]" f bir ant> bore

Ant) ber biuojien bome.

DeaS com on Sij- mitielajit)

DujaS 'Sxy Oeplej" ont>e,

"RnXi j*enne ant» foj^e ant) ij'pinc.

On J"e ant) on lont)e.

Ic am eltiep. Sanne ic pe|",

A pinrjie ■] ec a lope.

Ic ealtii mope Sanne ic t)et)e,

ODi pir ojlire ro bi mope.
8e ■^ hine )-elue uopjer,

Uop piue oj:ep uop chilt»e.

J)e ]-al comen on euele jretie*

Bure jot) him bi milt)e.
Ne hopie pip ro hipe Yt\ity

Ne pepe ro hip piue.

Bi pop him pelue eupich man,

Daep pile he bieS aliue.
' Gupich man mit) j5 he haueS,

ClDai bejjen heuepiche.

Se Se leppe ~] pe oe mope,

^epe aitiep iliche.

^euene ant) epSe he oueppie^,

^ip ejhen biS pulbpihr.

Sunne ~] mone ■] alle preppen,

BieS Sieprpe on hip lihre.
^e por hper SencheS ant) hper DoJ>,

Alle quike pihre.

Nip no louepT) ppich ip xipr,

Ne no kinj ppich ip t)pihre.
^euene -] epSe -j all Sar ip,

Biloken ip on hip hont)e.

^e t)eS ai ■f hip pille ip.

On pea ant) ec on lonCe.
^e ip opt) alburen opt)e,

T^nt) ent)e alburen eiit)e.

pe one ip eupe on eche pret)e,

Ulent>e pep Su pentJe.

pe ip buuen up ant) bineSen,
Biuopen ant) ec bihint).
8e man •f jotiep pille t)eS,
pie mai hine aihpap uint)e.

eche pune he ihep'S,
Snt) por eche tietje.
pe Suph pixS echep iSanc,
lUai hpar pel up ro ]\.€o&.

8e man neupe nele t)on T;ot),
Ne neupe jot) lip let)en.
Gp t)eS •] t)om come ro hip t)upe,
pe mai him pope at)pet)en.

punjep ■] Suppr here •] chele,
GcSe ant) all unhel'Se.
£5uph t)eS com on ^ip mit)elapt),
Hnt) oSep unipelSe.

Ne mai non hepre hir ijjenche,
Ne no runje relle.
pu muchele pinum ant) hu uele,
BieS inne helle.

Louie Dot) mit) upe hiepre.
!Snt) mit) all upe mihre.
!Snt) upe emcpiprene ppo up pelp,
8po up lepeS t)pihre.

8ume Sep habbeS leppe mepjSe,
Snt) pume Sep habbeS mope,
ech eprep San -^ he t)et)e,
eprep -^ he ppanc pope.

Ne pel Sep bi bpet) ne pin,
Ne oj;ep kennep epre.
Dot) one pel bi echep lip,
Snt) blipce ant) eche pepre.

Ne pal Sap bi pcere ne pcputs, ■*
Ne poplfcep pele none.
"Kc pi mepjjje •^ men up bihar,
"KW pall ben jot) one.

Ne mai no mepjj^e bi ppo muchel,
8po ip jotjep ipihSe.
pi ip poj) pune ant) bpihr,
Hnt» t)ai Dure nihre.

E)s:\i ip pele bure pane,
7?nt) pepre buren ippinche.
8e ■f mai ant) nele Set)ep come,
Sope hir pel uopSenche,

Dep ip blipce buren rpeje,
"Knt) lip buren t)eaSe.
Der eupe pullen punie Sep,
BliSe hi bie]) ant) eaSe.

Dep ip jeujej^e buren eltie,
!Snt) elt)e buren unheljje.
Nip Sep popje ne pop non,
Ne non unipelSe.

Dep me pel t)pihren ipen,
8po ape he ip mit) ipippe.
pe one mai ant) pel al bien,
Giijlep ant) mannep blipce.

To

*rHE HISTORY OF THE

To ^ape blij-ce oj* bpinj 30T),
Per pixett buren ence.
Danrie he upe piula unbinr,
Ojr lichamlice bent>. -

Cpipr jeue uf lel)e fpich lijr,
Snt) habbe j-pichiie ent)e.
♦)cr pe moren Sit5ep cumeii,
Danne pe hennej* pentje.

About the year 1 150, the S.-ixoh began to take a
form in which the beginning of the prefent Englijh
may be plainly difcovcrcd ; this cliange I'eems not to
have been the cffcdl of the Norman conqucft, for
very few French words are found to have been in-
troduced in the firft hundred years after it; the
language mud therefore have been altered by caufes
like thofe which, nottwithltanding the care of writers
and focieties InQituted to obv'ute them, are even
now daily making innovations in every living lan-
guage. I have exhibited a fpecimen of the lan-
guage of this age from the year 1 1 35 to 1 140 of the
Saxon chronicle, of which the latter part was ap-
parcritly written near the time to which it relates.

Dip jsepe pop Jtc kmj 8rephne opep pjc ro
Nopmant)!. ~\ Jjcp pep unt^ep-pan^en. popSi -f
hi pent)en -^ he pciiltx ben alpuic aipe jje com y^Y'
-\ pop he hat)t»e jer hip rjiepop. ac he ro t5elt)
ir -] pcarepet) poriicc. ODicel hat)t>e ^cnpi kinj
jatsenet) 30IT) -j pyluep. ant) na jot? ne t>it)e me
pop hir paule );ap op. Da be kmj Srephne ro
enjIa-IanO com \>a macot) lie hip jabepinj asr
Oxene-popt). 1 bap he nam be bipcop Rojep op
8epcp-bepi. ■] SlexanTsep oipcop op Lincoln.
"] re Hancelep Rojep hipe neuep. •] t)it»s lelie
in ppipun. ril hi japen up hepe caprlep. Da jje
puikep unt5ep5£eron jJ he miltx man j^ap •] popre
"3 jot). -} na jupcipe ne t)it)e. j^a t)it)en hi alle
punt)ep. pi hat)ben him manpet) maket> ant)
a^p puopen. ac hi nan rpeuSc ne heolt)en. alle
he pspon pop ppopen. •] hepe rpeoSep pop-
lopcn. pop ffupic pice man hip caprlep makete
antj ajaioep him heolticn. ant) pylDen j^e lant) pull
op caj-rU-p. ^1 puencren pui^c )?e ppccce men
op I?'* lant) mit) caprcl-peopcep. j^a ))e caprltp
papen makit). \i j:ylt)en hi mit) t)eou'ep ant)yuele
mtn. Da namen hi J^a men J7e hi pentitn ^ am
jot) he):t)en. ba& be r.ihrep ?.nt) be t).Tipp. capl-
m n ■] pimmen. ant) t)it);n hcom in jpipun eprep
jolt) ant) pyluep. -] pmcb heom un-rellcnt5!ice
pininj. pop n p!Fpen nasupe nan maprypp ppa
pinct) alpi- hi ptcpon. COe henjet) up bi |)c per
ant) pmoket) hcom mit) pul pmoke. me henjet)
"bi j)t- jjumbrp. o^ep bijie hcpet). -] ■ cnjen bpynijep
on hep per. OQe bitie cnorret) prpen ji p aburon
hepe iisuet). -j uupySen ro j5 ir TEt)e ro j?
hxpnep. pi t)it)cn heom in quaprejxnc pap natipep

•3 pnakep ■] pibep pscpon mne. ■] bpapen heom
ppj. 8umc hi t)it)en in cpucer hup. ■^ ip in an
cepre jJ pap pcopr •] napeu. •] un t)ep. •] t)it>e
pcfeppe rranep fiep inne. •] ppenjt)e J)e man \>x^
inne. jJ ni bp^^con alle ^t limep. In mam op j)e
caprk-p pa?pon lop -j jpT. -JJ ps.pon pachenrejep'
■jj rpa o^ep J)pe men hatiben onoh ro bjepon
onne. -f pap ppa macet) j5 ip pjeprnet) ro an
beom. •] t)it)en an pcjepp ipen aburon }pi mannep
l^pore ■] hip halp. -jJ he ne mihre nopit)eppapt)ep
ne pirren. ne lien, ne plepen. oc bjepon at jJ ipen.
COani ])upen hi bpapen mit) hunja?p. J ne canne.
•] ne mai rellen alle j)e puntiep, ne alle fe pinep -f
hi t)it)en ppecce men on hip lant). •] ■;p lapretoe |:'a
XIX. pmrpe pile Srephne pap kinj. -\ asupe ir pap
uueppe ant) uueppe. pi lasit)enj^iit)ep on j^e
runep jeupeu pile. -] clepetjen ir renpepie. pa
|)e ppecce men ne hat)t)en nan mopero jiuen. |ja
p£uet)en hi ant) bpent)on alle ]?€ runep. -f pel pu
mihrep papen all aoaeip pape pcult)ej-r j^u neupe
pint)en man in rune pirrentje. ne lant) rilet). Da
pap copn baspe. *] plec. ~\ ctepe. ■] burepe pop
nan ne pjep o |)e lant). Ujpecce men prupuen op
hunjsep. pume jcben on aelmep pe papen pum
pile pice men. pum plujen ur op lantie. lUep
nasupe jasr mape ppeccehet) on lant). ne nasupe
he'^en men peppe ne t)it)en pan hi t)it)en. pop
ouep piSon ne pop-bapen hi nouSep cipce. ne
cypce-ijept). oc nam al |?e jot> f j^ap inne pap.
~] bpentJcn pySen |7e cypce •] alrejst)epe. Ne hi
ne pop-bapen bipcopep lant). ne abborep. ne
ppeoprep. ac pasueben munecep. -3 clepckep. ■]
afupic man o^ep |7e ouep myhre. Dip rpa men
oSep jjpe coman piticnt) ro an run. al jje run-
pcipe piujain pop heom. penben -f hi prepon
psuepcp. De bipcopep -] lepet) meh heom cup-
iftT>c a;upe. oc pap heom nahr j^ap op. pop hi
pa?pon all pop-cupj-set) -3 pop-puopen -3 pojiiopen.
map pjE me rilct)e. J)e epSe ne bap nan copn. pop
]je lant) pap all popbon mit» puilce t)aEt)ep. -3 hi
pnEt)en openlice -f Lpij-r p!ep. -3 hip halechen. 8uilc
•3 mape Jeanne pe cunnen pajin. pe ]iolent)en xix.
pinrpe pop upe pinnep. On al pip yucle rime
hcolt) ClDaprm abbor hip abborpice xx. pinrep
■3 halp Jsp. T VIII. t)aE'ip. mit) micel puinc. -3
pant) |-e munekep. -3 re jej-rep al ■^ heom behouet).
•3 heolb mycel capireb in rhe hup. ant) |7oS pe-
£epe ppohre on |ie cipce -3 perre j?ap ro lanbep -3
penrtp. -3 jottt) ir puy^c ant) Isr ir pepen. ant)
bpohre htom inro ]:e neps mynprpe on p. Pcrpep
niaype-t)a:i mib micel puprpcipe. f pap anno ab
incapnarione Dom. mcxl. a combuprione loci
XXIII. Knt) he pop ro Rome -3 ]i)^^ pa?p pasl
unt)ep-p.in5fn ppam |7e Pape Gujenie. -3 bejjer
rbape ppiuilejiep. an op alle \>c lanticp op pabbor-
pice. -3 an oSep op ])e lanSep ])e lien ro \>t cipce-
pican. -3 jip he lenj mopre liuen. aIpe he minr

CO

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

ro T)on op f>e hojibeji-pycan, "Knt) he bejjcr m j'pac pib Robbejit eojil ^ pib f»empejMce anb|-pofi

lantjer -p jtice men heptien mit) yvjien-^pe. op heom aSaj-'iphe neujiema mib rekinjhij" bjio^eji

U3il!elm CDalOuir pe heolo Rojinjham |;fe caprel polbe halben. "] ciijipbe alle fe men fe mib hitn

he pan Eorinjham •] ej^run. -^ op pujo op Ulalr- heolben. anb psbe heom -p he polbe ifuen heom

uile he pan ^f^iTlw^i). -3 Sranepij. •] lx. pof. up tUin-ceprji.. ■} bibe heom cumen |7ibe]i. Da

op Stoepinjle £ek jasji. Snti he maket)e n anie hi |7asp inne pa^jxen |7a com f»e kinjep cuen .^ i

munekep. -} planrct5e piniasjit). ■] maket>; manie hijie prpenjSe ■^ bepsc heom, -p pep. y^ey inne

peojikep. -] pent5e |7e run berejie fian it asp pasp. micel hunjjep. Da hi ne lenj ne muhren jjolen. j^a

anb p tp jot) munec •] joT) man. ■] popSi hi luuetien prali hi ur ~\ plu jen. •] hi piipSen pip piSuren "]

Cot) anb TOiDe men. Nu pe pillen psejen pum tjel polecheben heom. anb namtn RotDbepr eopi op

par belamp on Srephne kinjep rime. On hip DIou-ceprpe ant) lebben him ro Roue-ceprpe. ant>

rime f»e Jut>eup op Nop-pic bohron an Epipren t)iben him j^ape m ppipun. anb re empepice pleh

ciltJ bepopen Sprpen. ant> pinet)en him alle pe inro an mynprpe. Da peopt)en Sa pipe men be-

ilce pininT -f upe Dpihrin pap pinet). ant) on lanj- rpyx. pe kinjep ppeonb ~] re eoplep ppeonb. ant)

ppit)aei him on potie henjen pop upe Dpihrnep pahrlebe pua ■f me pculbe leren ur pe kinj op

luue. ■] py^sn bypiet)en him. liUent)en -f ir ppipun pop f»e eopl. ■] reeopi pop f>e kinj. "] pua

pcutee btn pop holen. oc upe Dpihrin arypet)e bit)en. 8i^en ^ep eprepparhleben f>e kmj-] Ran-

•p he pap hall mapryp. ~\ ro munekep him namen. toolp eopi ar 8ran-popt» *] aSep ppopen ant)

•] bebypiet) him hejiicc. in Se mynprpe. ■] he rpeuSep psepron f hep nou'Sep pculbe bepuiken

maker |7up upe Dpihrin punt)eplice ant) mam- o^ep. -3 ir ne pop-prob nahr. pop pe kinj him

paelt)!ice mipaciep. ■] harre he p. Ulillelm:- pi'Sen nam m ^amrun. J^uphe ])icci past). ■] bitjc

On |3ip jafp com Dauit) kinj op Scorlant) mit) him in ppipun. ^ ep ponep he ler him ur fiuphe

opmere parpt) ro piy lant) polDe pinnan piy lanti." •] pasppe pet)ro -p popepaptie -p he puop on halitiom.

him com rojEeneplUillelmeoplopSlbamapljekinj •] jyplep panb. f he alle hip caprlep pcult)e iiuen

at)t)eberehr 6uop-pic. ■] ro oScp a^uez men mit» up. Sume he lap up anb pume ne lap he nohr.

pasu men -] puhren pit) heom. •] plemt)en pe king a;r anb bibe |janne pjeppe Sanne he hasp pculbe. Da

re prant)apt». ■] plojen pG^e micel op hip jenje:- pap Gnjle-lanb puioe ro-belcb. pume helben mib

Un f»ip jjep poloe pe kinj Srephne raecen Rot)- re kinj. -j pume mib f empepice. pop jja j^c king

bepreoplop Dlouceprpe. jjekinjeppune^enpiep. pap in ppipun. fa penben pe eoplep "j re pice

ac he ne mihre pop he papr ir pap. Da cprep hi men -p he neupe mape pculbe cumme ur. "j

pe lenjren jjeprepebe pe punne •] re tsrei aburon pashrleben pyb ]?empepice. -j bpohren hipe inro

nonrit) oejep. pi men eren "p me lihret)e canblep Oxen-popb. ant) lauen hipe pe bupch:- Da Se kinj

ro a.'ren bi. ~] -p pap xiii. kr. Appil. paspon men pap ure. J7a hepbe f paejen. anb roc hip pcopb

I'uiSe oppuntipet). Dejx eprep popt)-peopt)e Ujil- ■] bepasr hipe in pe rup. "3 me lasr hipe bun on

elm ^pce-bipcop op Eanrpap-bypij. -j re king nihr op pe rup mib papep. -j pral ur •] peas pleh

maket)e Teobalt) ^ffipce-bipcop, l^epap abbor in Jje ^ isebe on pore ro lUalinj-popb. Dasp eprep

Bee. Dej\ eprep psx puiSe micel uueppe beruyx pes pepbe opep pas. •] In op Nopmanbi penben

J^e kinj -j Ranbolp eopl op Useprpe nohr popSi alle ppa pe kinj ro pe eopl op Snjasu. pume hepe

•p he ne jap him a! -p he cuSe axen him. alpe he Jjankep -] pume hepe un-j^ankep. pop he bepser

tiitx; alle oSpe.ocjeppe femape lap heom J?e psppe heom ril hi aiauen up htpe caprlep. •] hi nan

hi paepon him. De eopl heolb Lincol ajsenep pe helpe ne haepben op jje kinj. Da pepbe Gupracc

kinj. ~] benam him al ■f he ahre ro hauen. -j re |je kinjeppuneroFpance. -jnamljekinjeppuprep

kinj pop pitiep. ■] bcpasrre him -] hip bpoSep op Fpance ro pipe. pent)e ro bijxron Nopmant)i

lUilielm t)2 R . . . ape in pd caprel. •] re eopl |7.cp Jjuph. oc he ppet)t)e lirel. ■] be jotJe pihre.

prjel ur -] p^ptie eprep Rotibcpr eopl op Clou- pop he pap an yucl man. pop papepe he ... . l)it)e

ceprpe. -3 bpohr him jjitsep mit> micel pepb. mape yuel Jeanne jot), he peuet)e pe lantiep •] Iasit)c

anb puhren ppiSe on Eantielmappe-t)asi ajenep mic pon. hebpohre hippiproGnjle-lant).

hcope lauept). ~j namen him. pop hip men him ~} t)it)e hipe in pe capre reb. Tot) pimman

puykcn -j plujaen. ant) liet) him ro Bpiprope ant) pea? psep. oc pcse het)t)e lirel blippe mit) him. *]

oitJcn flap in ppipun. "] . . . repep. Da pap all xpij^r ne polt)e f he pcult)e lanje pixan. -j paspb

Gnjlc-lant) prypet) map ])an aep ysey. ant) all yuel t)eb ant) hip moticpbelen. -jreeoplopSnjEupjept)

fxy in lant)e. Deji eprep com pe kinjep t)ohrep t)et). •] hip pune ^enpi roc ro pe pice. "Knb re cuen

^enpi'p p: hepbe ben Gmpepic on Tvlamanie. ■] nu op Fpance ro-t)s:lbe ppa pe kinj. "] peas com ro pe

pasp cunrepfe in T^njou. •] com ro Lunt)ene. -j re lunje eopl ^enpi. •] he roc hipe ro pipe. -3 al Peirou

Luntsenippce pole hipe polt)e ra;cen •] ycx pleh. T mit» hipe. Da pepbe he mit) micel pspb inro

poplep pap micel:- Deji eprep be bipcop op Gnjle-lanb. ■] pan caprlep. -] re km j pepbe ajencp

Ujin ceprpe ^enpi. pe kmjcp bpg^cp Srephnep. him micel mapepepS. Tfo^pjEfepepurcnhinohr.

Vol. I. c oc

THE HISTORY OF THE

oc |-cpbcn Jtc ^pce biprop -j re ]>\ye men be-
rpux hcom. •] makcbc jJ pahrcfrc kinj pculbe
btii laui j\b •} kinj pile he liutbe. •] aprep hij- bsi
p;)pe ^i npi kin J. •} he helbe him poji pabeji ■] he
nim poji pune. ant> pib -] psehre pcultJe ben bcrpyx
hconi -] on al Gnjlc lanO. i5ip ant) re oSpe
jrojimiapbrp Jjtr hi makcben poojien ro halbcn
pc kinj •} re eojl'. ant) re bipcop. •] re eojilrp.
-J picciren alle. Da pap pe eopl untjejxpanjcn
^r lUin ceprjie ar.b ser L.unbene mib miccl
pujirpcipe. anb alle t)iT)en him man-pcb. ant)
puoptrn pe paip ro halt>en. ant) hir papb pone

giSc job paip pua -p ncujie pap hejie. Da pap
ki('5 prjvtrnjcjie Jjanne he seuejar hep pap. •] re
f opt pepbe oucp pas. •] al pole him luuebe. pop he
XnX)c got) jupripe -j maktt)e paip:-

Nearly about this time, the following pieces of
poetry fecm to have been written, of which 1 have
inferted only (hort fragments ; the firft is a rude
attempt at the prefent meafure of eight fyllables,
and the fccond is a natural introduftion to Robert
of Gloucejier, being compofed in the fame meafure,
which, however rude and barbarous it may feem,
taught the way to the AUxandrines of the French
p6etry.

■p* U R in fee bi wefr fpaynge.

•*• If a lont) ihorc cokaygne.

Dcr nif lont) unt)er heuennchc.

Of wel of gotJnif hir iliche.

Doy paraDif be miri anD briyr.

Eokaygn if of fairir fiyr.

Whar if fer in parat)if.

Bor graffe ant) flure anD grenerif.

Doy Jjer be loi ant) grcr t)urc.

Der nif mer bore frurc.

Dcr nif halle bure no bench.

Bor wanr man if furfro quench.

Beb per no men bur rwo.

^ely ant) cnok alfo.

Oinghch may hi go.

Whar |?er woni|) men no mo.

In cokaygne if mer ant) t)rink.

Wi])ure care how ant) fwink.

De mtr if rrie |)e brink fo clere:

To none ruflin ant) fopper. '

I figge for fo|) boure were.

Der nif lont) on er|?e if pere.

Unt)cr hcuen nif lont) i wifle.

Of fo mochil loi ant) blifle.

Dcr if mam fwerc fiyre.

Al if l)ai nif ))er no niyre.

Der nif barer no)'er frrif.

Nif ptr no t>ej7 ac eucr lif.

Dcr nif lac of mer no clojr.

Der nif no man no woman wrolr.

Der nif ferpenr wolf no fox.
^orf no capil. kowe no ox.
Dcr nif fchepe no fwine no gore.
No non horwyla got) ir wore.
Noficr harare nober frot)'*.
De lant) if ful of o])er got>e.
Nif f^er flei fie no lowfc.
In clo|) in roune bet) no houfe.
Der nif tounnir flere no hawje.
No non vile worme no fnawile.
No non frorm rem no wint>e.
Der nif man no woman blint)e.
Ok al if game loi anr gle.
Wel if him pax: J7er mai be.
Der be)) riverf grer ant) fine.
Of oile mclk honi ant) wine.
Wanr feruij) jjer ro nojjing.
Bor ro fiyr ant) ro waufling.

SANCTA MARGARETTA.

r^ LD E anr yonge i preir ou oure folief for ro

^^ iere.

Dencher on gob ])ar yef ou wir oure funnef ro

bere.
^ere mai reilen ou. wit) wort)ef feire ant) fwere.
De vie of one meitian. waf horen COaregrere.

;^ire fat)er waf a parriac. af ic ou reilen may.
In aunrioge wif echef i Se fajic lay.
Deve gotJcf anr t)oumbe. he fervet) nitt anr t)ay.
So t)et)en mony ojpere. picc finger weilawey.
Theot)ofius wafif nome. on crift Ae levet>e he

noutt.
pe levet)e on pt falfe got)ef. Sar peren wit) hontoen

wroutt.
Do jjar chilt) fcult^e chnftine ben. ic com him well

in |?outt.
€ bet) wen ir were ibore. ro t)tpt ir were ibpoutt.
De mot)er waf an hejjene wif pax hire ro wyman

bere.
Do ^ar chilD ibore waf. nolt)e ho hir furfare.
^o rent)e ir inro afye. wib meflagerf ful yare.
To a nopice far hire wifte. anr ferre hire ro

lore.
De nonce |)ar hire wifte. chilt)ren aheuet)e feuene.
De eitte|)e waf maregrere. crifref may of heuene.
Talef ho am rolt»e. ful feire anr ful euene.
Wou ho ])olct)en marrirt)om. fern Laurence anr

feinre Sreuene.

In thefe fragments, the adulteration of the Saxon
tongue, by a mixture of the Norman^ becomes
apparent ; yet it is not lb much changed by the
admixture of new words, which might be imputed
to commerce with the continent, as by changes
of its own forms and terminations \ for which no
reafon can be given.

Hitherto

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

Hitherto the language ufed in this illand, how-
ever different in fucccffive time, may be called
Saxon; nor can it be expeded, from the nature of
things oradually changing, that any time can be
afiigned, when the Saxon may be faid to ceafe, and
the Englilh to commence. Rokrt of Gloucejltr
however, who is placed by the criticks in the thir-
teenth century, fecms to have ufed a kind of in-
termediate diction, neither Saxon nor Englijh ; in
his work therefore we fee the tranfition exhibited,
and, as he is the firft of our writers in rhyme, of
whom any large work remains, a more cxtenfive
quotation is extraded. He writes apparently in the
fame mcafure with the foregoing authour of St.
Margarite, which, polifhrd into greater exadnefs,
appeared to our anceftors fo fuitable to the genius
of the Englijh language, that it was continued
in ufe almoft to the middle of the feventeenth
century.

/^F fe batayles of Denemarch, J^at hii dude in

^-^ \ys londe

J>at worft were of alle ojjere, we mote abbe an

honde.
Worft hii were, vor ojrere adde fomwanne ydo,
As Romeyns & baxons, & wel wufte J^at lond

|jerto.
Ac hii nc kept yt holde nojt, bote robby, and

flcnde.
And deftrue, & bernc, & fle, & ne coujje abbe non

ende.
And bote lute yt nas wor]?, |?ey hii were ouercome

^lome.
Vor myd flypes and gret poer as preft effone hii

come.
Kyng Adelwolf of ]py% lond kyng was tuenty jer.
|7e Deneys come.by hym ryuor |7an hii dude cr.
Vor in ^e al our vorft jer of ys kynedom
Myd j^re & frytty flypuol men her prince hyder

come.
And at Sou]?hamtone aryuede, an hauene by SouJ^e.
Anojjer gret oft jjulke tyme aryuede at Portef-

mou{;e.
}jc kyng nufte wejjer kepe, at delde ys oft atuo.
J7e Denes adde j^e mayftrc. \o al was ydo.
And by Eftangle and Lyndcfeye hii wende vorb atte

lade.
And fo hamward al by Kent, & (lowe & barnde

vafte,
Ajen wynter hii wende hem. anojjer jer eft hii

come.
And deftrude Kent al out, and L.ondone nome.
jjus al an ten jer J?at lond hii brojte j^er doune,
*So fiat in \ic te|je jer of |)e kynge's croune,
Al byfou|3e hii come alond, and f'et folc of Somer-

fete
foru J?e byflbp Alcfton and j^et folc of Dorfete
6

Hii come & fmytc an batayle, & Jjere, Jf>oru Code's

grace,
fe Deneys were al bynej^e, & J^e lond folc adde J^e

place,
And more prowelTe dude ]jo, fan J>e kyng my^te

byuore,
jjeruore gode lond men ne be]? nojt al verlore.
\>c kyng was |?e boldore ]?o, & ajen hem fe more

drou.
And ys foure godes fones woxe vafte y nou,
Edclbold and Adelbryjt, Edelred and Alfred,
jpys was a ftalwarde tern, & of gret wyfdom & red.
And kynges were al foure, & defendede wel Jjys

lond.
An Deneys dude flame ynou, J^at me volwel vond.
Is fyxte)7e jere of j^e kynge's kynedom
In eldeftc lone Adelbold gret oft to hym nome.
And ys fader alfo god, and ofiere heye nfen al fo.
And wende ajenj^ys Deneys, j^a't muche wo adde

y do.
Vor myd tuo hondred flypes 8c an alf at Temfe

mou]j hii come.
And Londone, and Kancerbury, and ojjer tounes

nome.
And fo vor|) in to Soj^ereye, & floweSc barnde vafte,
fere fe kyng and ys fone hem mette atte lafte.
fere was batayle ftrong ynou yfmyte in an frowe.
f e godes kynjtes leye adoun as gras, wan medef

mowe.
Heueden, (fat were of yfmyte,) & oferlymes alfo,
Flete in blode al fram fe grounde, ar f e batayle were

ydo.
Wannef at blod ftod al abrod, vas fer gret wo y nou.
Nys yt reufe vorto hure, fat me fo vole flou ?
Ac our fuete Louerd atte lafte fl'ewede ys fuete grace.
And fende fe Criftyne Englyfl^e men f e mayftrye in

fe place.
And fe hefcne men of Denemarch bynefe were

echon.
Nou nas fer jut in Denemarch Criftendom non ;
fe kyng her after to holy chyrche ys herte fe morfe

drou.
And tefejede wel & al ys lond, as hii ajte, we! y

nou.
Seyn Swythyn at Wyncheftre byflTop fo was,
And Alcfton at Syrebourne, fat amendede muche

fys cas.
f e kyng was wel f e betere man f oru her beyre red,
Tuenty wynter he was kyng, ar he were ded.
At Wyncheftre he was ybured, as he jut lyf fere.
Hys tueye fores he jef ys lond, as he byjct ham ere,
Adelbold, the eldore, fe kynedom of Kftfex,
And fuffe Adelbryjc, Kent and Wcftfex.
Eyjtc hondred jer yt was and feuene and fyfty al fo.
After fat God anerfe com, fat fys dcde was ydo.
Bofe hii wufte by her tyme wel her kynedom.
At f e vyfte jer Adelbold out of fys lyue nome.

At

THE HISTORY OF THE

At Sfyrcbourne he was ybured, & ys broker Adel-

bryjt
His kynedotn adde after hym, as lawe was and ryjt.
By ys daye pe verde com of )je hej^ene men wel prout.
And Hamteflyrc and deftrude Wyncheftre al out.
And |jat lond folc of namteflTyre her red ]jo nome
And of Barcflyre, and fojte and pc ffrewen ouer-

come.
AdelbryTC was kyng of Kent jeres folle tene.
And of Wcftfex bote vyue, fo he dcyde ych wenc.

A DEL RED was after hym kyng y mad in J?e
**• place,

Eyjtehondred&feuene&fyxty as in|jejerof grace.
pc vorfte jer oi ys kynedonf J^e Deneys pycke com.
And robbedc and deftrude, and cytes vafte nome.
Mayftrcs hii addeof her oft, as yt were dukes, tueye,
Hynguar and Hubba, J^at flrewen were beye.
In Eft Angle hii byleuede, to reft hem as yt were,
Myd her oft al pe wynter, of pe vorft jerc.
feojjerjerhiidudehemvor]?, &ouerHombercomc,
And flowe to grounde & barnde, &Euerwyk nome.
fer was batayle ftrong y nou, vor yflawe was )jere
Ofryc kyng of Hombcrlond, & monye jjat with hym

were.
|?o Homberlond was j?us yflcnd, hii wende & tounes

nome.
So Jjat atte lafte to Eftangle ajen hym come,
^cr hii barnde & robbcde, and j^at folc to grqunde

flowe.
And, as wolues among ffep, reulych hem to drowe.
Seynt Edmond was )70 her kyng, & jjo he fey Jjac

deluol cas r

fat me morjjrede fo jjat folc, & non amendemcntnas.
He ches leuere to deye hymfulf, Jjat fuch forwe to

yfey.
He dude hym vorjj among hys fon, nolde he no)?yg

fle.
Hii nome hym & fcourged hym, & fujjjje naked

hym bounde
To a tre, & to hym flbte, & made hym mony a

wounde,
fat J?e arewe were on hym jjo fycce, f>at no ftede

nas byleuede.
Atte lafte hii martred hym, and fmyteof ys heued.
pc fyxte 3;cr of pe crounement of Alderecl be kyng
A nywe oft com into fys lond, gret)7oru allc fyng.
And anon to Redynge robbedc and flowe.
be king and Alfred ys broker nome men ynowe,
Mette hem, and a batayle fmyte vp Aftefdoune,
fer was mony moder chyld, fatfonelay jjerdoune.
be batayle ylalte vorte nyi^t, and fer were aflawe
Vyf dukes of Dcnemarch, ar hii wolde wyf drawe.
And mony foufend of ofer men, & fo gonne hii

to fle;
Ac hii adde alle ybc affcnd, gyf fe nyjt madde y be.

Tueye batayles her after in pc fuif jere

Hii fmyte, and at boj^e fe hefene mayftres were."

pc kyng Aldered fone )jo fen wey of def nome.

As yt vel, pe vyfty jer of ys kynedom.

At Wymbourne he was ybured, as God jef fat cas,

fc gode Alfred, ys brof er, after hym kyng was.

A LFRED, fys noble man, as in f e jer of grace
■^ he nom

Eyjte.hondred & fyxty & tuelue fe kynedom.
Arft he adde at Rome ybe, &, vor ys grete wyfdom,
fe pope Leon hym bleflfede, fo he f uder com.
And f e kynge's croune of hys lond, fat in fys lond

Tut ys:
And he led hym to be kyng, ar he kyng were ywys.
An he was kyng of Engelond, of alle fat fer come,
fat vorft f us ylad was of f e pope of Rome,
An fuffe ofer after hym of fe erchebyflbpes echon.
So fat hyuor hym pore kyng nas fer non.
In f e Souf fyde of Temefe nyne batayles he nome
Ajen fe Deneys fe vorft jer of ys kynedom.
Nye Ter he was f us in fys lond in batayle & in wo.
An oTte fypt aboue was, and bynef e oftor mo ;
So longe, fat hym nere by leuede bote f re flTyren in

ys hond,
Hamteflfyre, and WylteflTyre, and Somerfete, of al

ys lond.
A day as he wery was, and afuoddrynge hym nome
And ys men were ywend auyflfef , Seyn Cutbert to

hym com.
" Icham," hcfeyde, "-Cutbert, to fe ycham ywend
" To brynge f e gode tytynges. Fram God ychani

yfend.
" Vor fat folc of fys lond to fynne her wylle al

jeue,
" And jut nolle herto her fynnes byieue
" foru me & ofer halewen, fat in fys lond were

ybore ;
" fan vor jou byddef God, wanne we bef hym

byuore,
" Hour Louerd myd ys cyen of milce on fe lokef

feruore,
" Andfy poer fe wole jyue ajen, fat fou aft ney

verlore.
" And fat fou fer of fof yfe, fou fl*alt abbe

tokynynge.
" Vor fym men, fat bef ago to day auyflynge,
" In lepes & in coufles fo muche vyls hii ifolde

hym brynge,
" fat ech man wondry flfal of fo grec cacchynge.
*' And fe mor vor fe harde vorfte, fat fe water

yfrore hys,
*' fat be more ajen fe kunde of vyflTynge yt ys.
" Of ferueyt welajenGod, andylefmeys mefl"3ger,
*' And fou flail fy wylle abyde, as ycham ytold

her."

A«

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

\

As |?ys kyng herof awoc, and of |?ys fyjte jjojte,
Hys vyflTares come to hym, & io gret won of fyfs

hym brojte^
pit wonder yt was, & namelyche vor pe weder was

fo colde.
j-o lyuede J3e god man wel, pn Seyn Cutbert adde

ytold.
In Deuenyfiyre |5er after aryiiede of Deneys
bre and tuenty ffypuol men, all ajen pe peys,
be kynge's brojjer of Denemarcli tiuc of oft was.
Oure kynge's men of Engelond mette hem by cas,
And fmyte j^er an batayle, and her gret due flowe.
And ey jte hondred & fourty men, & her caronyes

to drowe.
po kyng Alfred hurde j;ys, ys herte gladede )jo,
f>at lond folc to hym come fo j^ycke fo yt myjte go,
Of Somerfcte, of Wyltefiyre, of Hamteffyre jjcrio,
Euere as he wende, and of ys owe folc ai fo.
So jjat he adde poer ynou, and atte lafte hii come.
And a batayle at Edendone ajen pe Deneys nome.
And flowe to grounde, & wonne pe mayftre of the

velde.
pe kyng & ys grete duke bygonne hem to jeldc
To pe kyng Alfred to ys wylle, and oftages toke,
Vorto wende out of ys lond, jyf he yt wolde loke ;
And jut ]?erto, vor ys loue, to auonge Criftendom.
Kyng Gurmund, pe hexte kyng, vorft jjer to come.
Kyng Alfred ys godfader was. & ybaptyfcd ek |7er

were
fretty of her hexte dukes, and muchc of j^at folc fiere
Kyng Alfred hem huld wyf> hym tuelf dawes as he

hcnde.
And fuj)]7e he jef hem large jyftcs, and let hym

wende.
Hii, )7at nolde Criftyn be, of lande flcve {jo.
And byjonde fte in France dude wel muche wo.
jut |7e (Irewen come ajcn, and muche wo here wrojte.
i\c|jekyng Alfred atte iafteto flame hem euere brojte.
Kyng Alfred was pt wyfofl: kynj, ]7at long was

byuore.
Vor l^ey mefegge Jjelawes be)? in worre tyme vorlore,
Nas yt nojt fo hiis daye. vor |7ey he in worre were,
Lawes he made ryjtuoUore, and ftirengore ]?an er

were.
Clerc he was god ynou, and jut, as me tellej? me.
He was more- j^an ten jer old, ar he couj^e ys abece.
Ac ys gode moder otte fmale jyftes hym tok,
Vor to byleue ojjer pie, arKi loky on ys boke.
So j:iat by por clergyc ys rvjt lawes he wonde,
pu ncuere er nere y mad, to gouerny ys lond.
And vor pc worre was fo muche of J^e lu|7er Deneys,
pe men of J?ys fulue lond were of j^c worfe peys.
And robbedc and flowe oj^ere, jjeruor he byuondc,
[;at Jjer were hondredcs in eche contreye of ys lond.
And in ech toune of pe hondred a te^^ynge were alfo,
And J)at ech man wvjioute gret lond in tej'ynge were

Vol. 1.

And jjat ech man knewe o|»er J^at in te|5ynge were.
And wufte fomdei of her flat, jyf me pa vp hem here.
So ftreyt he was, j^at ptf me ledde amydde weyes

heye
Seluer, jjat non man ne dorfte yt nyme, |7ey he yt

feye.
Abbeys he rcrde mony on, and mony fliudes ywys.
Ac Wyncheftrye he rerde on, jjat nywe munftre

ycluped ys.
Elys lyf eyTte and tuenty jer in ys kynedom ylafl;e.
After ys dep he wos yburcd at Wynciftcllre atte lafte.

Sir John Maudeville wrote, as he himfelf informs
us, in the fourteenth century, and his work, which
comprifing a relation of many different particulars,
confequcntly required the ufe of many words and
phrafes, may be properly fpecified in this place.
Of the following quotations, I have chofen the firft,
bccaufc it fliows, in fome meafure, the ftate of Eu-
ropean fcience as well as of the Engli/h tongue ; and
the fecond, becaufe it is valuable for the force of
thought and beauty of exprefllon.

TN that lond, ne in many othere bezonde that,
•^ no man may fee the fterre tranfmontanc, that
is clept the fterre of the fee, that is unmevable,
and that is toward the Northe, that we clepen
the lode fterre. But men feen another fterre, the
contraric to him, that is toward the Southe, that
is clept Antartyk. And right as the fchip men
taken here avys here, and governe hem be the lode
fterre, right fo don fchip men bezonde the parties,
be the fterre of the Southe, the which fterre ap-
percthc not to us. And this fterre, that is toward
the Northe, that wee clepen the lode fterre, ne
apperethe not to hem. For whiche caufe, men may
wel pcrceyve, that the lond and the fee ben of
rownde fchapp and forme. For the partie of the
firmament fchewethe in o contrce, that fchewethc
not in another contrce. And men may well preven
be experience and foty le compaflTement of wy tt, that
zif a man fond paflTages be fchippes, that wolde go
to ferchen the world, men myghte go be fchippc
alie aboutc the world, and aboven and benethen.
The v/hiche thing I prove thus, aftre that I have
fcyn. For I have been toward the parries of Bra-
ban, and beholden the Aftrolabre, that the fterre
that is clept the rranfmontayne, is 53 degrees highc.
And more forthcre in Almayne and Bewme, it
hathe 58 degrees. And more forthe toward the
parties feptemtrioneles, it is 62 degrees of hcghte,
and certvn mynutes. For I my lelf have mefured
it by the Aftrolabre. No*/ fchulle.ze knowe, that
azen the Tranfmontayne, is the tother fterre, that
is clept Antartyke-, as I have feyd before. And
tho 2 fterres ne mecven neverc. And be hem
f turnechs

THE HISTORY OF THE

tiirnethe alle the firmamcnr, righte as dothe a wheel,
that turneche be his axille tree: fo that tho fterres
bercn the firmament in 2 egallc parties; fo that it
hathe als mochel aboven, as it hath benethcn. Aftre
this, I have gon toward the parties meridionales,
that is toward the Southe : and I have founden,
that in Lybye, men fccn firft the fterre Antartylc.
And lb ter I have gon more in tho contrees, that I
have f'ounde that tterrc more highe ; fo that to-
ward the highe Lybye, it is 18 degrees of hcghte,
and certeyn rrtinutcs (of the whiche, 60 minutes
maken a degree) after goynge be fee and be londe,
toward this contree,'of that 1 have fpoke, and to
other yles and londes bezonde that contree, I have
founden the fterre Antartyk of 33 degrees of
heghte, and mo mynutes. And zif 1 hadde had
companye and fchippynge, for to go more bezonde,
1 trowe wcl in certyn, that wee fcholde have feen
alle the roundnefle of the firmament alle aboute.
For as I have fcyd zou be forn, the half of the
firmament is betwene tho 2 fterres : the whiche
Kalfondellc I have feyn. And of the other halfon-
delle, I have feyn toward the Northe, undre the
Tranfmontane 62 degrees and 10 mynutes ; and
toward the partie meridionalle, I have feen undre
the Antartyk 3^ degrees and 16 mynutes : and
thanne the halfondelle of the firmament in alle, ne
holdcthe not but 180 degrees. And of tho 180, I
have feen 62 on that o part, and 33 on that other
part, that ben 95 degrees, and nyghe the halfondelle
of a degree •, and fo there ne faylethe but that I
have feen alle the firmament, faf 84 degrees and
the halfondelle of a degree ; and that is not the
fourthe p.)rt of the firmament. For the 4 partie of
the roundnefle of the firmament hole 90 degrees :
fo there faylethe but 5 degrees and an half, of the
fourthe partie. And alfo I have feen the 3 parties
of alle the roundntfle of the firmament, and more
zit 5 degrees and an half. Be the whiche I feye
zou certrynly, that men may envirowne alle the
erthe of alie the world, as wel undre as aboven,
and turnen azen to his contree, that hadde com-
panye and fchippynge and conduyt: and alle wcyes
he fcholde fynde men, londes, and yles, als wel as
in this contree. For zee wyten wclle, that ihei
that ben toward the Antartyk, thei ben ftreghte,
feet azen feet of hem, that dweilen undre the Tranf-
montane j als wel as wee and thei that dwellyn
undre us, ben feet azenft feet. For alle the parties
of fee and of lond han here appofiiees, habirablcs
or trepiflfiblcs, and thei of this half and bezond
half. And wytethe wel, that afire that, that I
may parccyve and comprehendt-, the londes of
Preftre John, cmperour of Yndc ben undre us.
For in goynge from Scotlonu or from Hnglond to-
ward Jc-rufalem, men gon upward alwcys. For
oure lond is in th«- lowe partie of the crihe, toward

the Weft: and the lond of Preftre John is the lov/e
partie of the erthe, toward the Eft : and thei harj
there the day, whan wee have the nyghte, and alfo
highe to the contrarie, thei han the nyghte, whan
wee han the day. For the erthe and the fee ben of
round forme and fchapp, as I have feyd beforn.
And than that men gon upward to o coft, men goa
dounward to another coft. Alfo zee have herd me
feye, that Jerufalcm is in the myddes of the world;
and that may men preven and Ichewen there, be a
fpere, that is pighte in to the erthe, upon the hour
of mydday, whan it is equenoxium, that i'chewcche
no fchadwe on no fyde. And that it fcholde bea
in the myddes of the world, David wytnefTethe it
in the Pfautre, where he feythe, Deus operatus eft
falute in medio terre. Thanne'thci that parten fro
the parties of the Weft, for to go toward Jcrufa-
lem, als many iorneyes as thei gon upward for ta
go thidre, in als many iorneyes may. thei gon fra
Jerufalem, unto other confynyes of thefuperficialtie
of the erthe bezonde. And whan men gon bezonde
tho iourneycs, towarde Ynde and to the foreyn yies,
alle is envyronynge the roundnefle of the erthe and
of the fee, undre oure contrees on this half. And
therfore hathe it befallen many tymes of o thing,
that I have herd cownted, whan I was zong ; how
a worthi man departed fometyme from oure con-
trees, for togoferche the world. And fo he pafted
Ynde, and the yles bezonde Ynde, where ben mo
than 5000 yles : and fo longe he wente be fee and
lond, and fo enviround the world be many feyfons,.
that he fond an yle, where he herde fpeke his owne
langage, callynge on oxen in the plowghe, fuchc
wordes as men fpekcn to beftes in his own contree:
whereof he hadde gret raervayle: for he knevve
not how it myghte be. But I feye, that he had
gon fo longe, -be londe and be fee, that he had-
envyround alle the erthe, that he was comen azer\
cnvirounynge, that is to feye, goynge aboute, un-
to his pwne marches, zif he woide have pafled
torthe, til he had founden his contree and bis owne
knouleche. But he turned azen from thens, from
whens he was come fro ; and fo he lofte moche
peynefiille labour, as him felf feyde, a gret while
aftre, that he was comen horn. For it befclle aftre,
that he wente in to Norweye-, and there tempelt of
the fee toke him; and he arryved in an yle; and
whan he was in that yle, he knew wel, that it wa»
the yle, where he had herd fpeke his owne lan-
gage before, and the callynge of the oxen at the
plowghe: and that was poftible thinge. But how
it femethe to lymple men unlerned, that men ne
mowc not go undre the erthe, and alfo that men
fcholde fallc towarde the hevene, frotn undre! But
that may not be, upon lefie, than wee mowe f.iile
toward hevene, fro the erthe, where wee ben. Fof
;.ro what partie of the erthe, that naen du?!ie,

outher

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

outher aboven or benethen, it femethe alweyes to
hem that duellen, that thei gon more rights than
ony other folk. And righte as it femethe to us,
that thti ben undre us, righte fo it femethe hem,
that wee ben undre hem. For zif a man myghte
falle fro the erthe unto the firmament; be grettere
rrfoun, the erthe and the fee, that ben fo grete and
fo hevy, fcholde fallen to the firmament: but that
may not be: and therfore feithe oure Lord God,
Non timeas me, qui fufpendi terra ex nichilo? And
alle be it, that it be poflible thing, that men may
fo envyronne al!e the world, natheies of a looo
perfones, on ne myghte not happen to returncn in
to his contrce. For, for the grecnefle of the erthe
and of the fee, men may go be a looo and- a lOoo
other weyes, that no man cowde reyde him pcrfitely
toward the parties that he cam fro, but zif it were
be aventure and happ, or be the grace of God.
For the erthe is fulle large and fulle gret, and holt
in roundneffe and aboute envyroun, be aboven and
be benethen 20425 myles, aftre the opynyoun of
the old wife aftronomeres. And here feyenges I
repreve noughie. But aftre my lytylle wyt, it
femethe me, favynge here reverence, that it is
more. And for to have bcttere underftondynge, I
fcye thus, be ther ymagyned a figure, that hathe a
gret compas; and aboute the poynt of the gret
compas, that is clept the centre, be made another
litille compas: than aftre, be the gret compafs de-
vifed be lines in manye parties ; and that alle the
lynes meeten at the centre •, fo that in as many
parries, as the grete compas fchal be departed,
in als manye, fchalle be departed the litille, that
is aboute the centre, alle be it, that the fpaces
ben Icfle. Now thanne, be the gret compas repre-
fentcd for the firmament, and the litille cornpas
reprcfented for the erthe. Now thanne the firma-
ment is devyfed, be aftronomeres, in 12 fignes ;
and every figne is devyfed in 30 degrees, that is
360 degrees, that the firmament hathe aboven.
Alfo, be the erthe devyfed in als many parties, as
the firmament; and let every partye anfwere to a
degree of the firmament: and wytethe it wel, that
afire the audoures of aftronomye, 700 furlonges of
erthe anfweren to a degree of the firmament ; and
tho ben 87 miles and 4 furlonges. Now be that
here multiplyed be 360 fithes; and then thei ben
315000 myles, every of 8 furlonges, aftre myles of
oure coniree. So moche hathe the erthe in round-
neffe, and of heghte enviroun, aftre myn opynyoun
and myn undirftondynge. And zee Ichulieundir-
ftonde, that aftre the opynyoun of olde wife philofo-
phrcs and aftronomeres, oure contrce ne Irelond ne
Wales nc Scotlond ne Norweye ne the other yies

coHiynge to hem, ne ben not in the fuperficyalte
cownted aboven the erthe; as it fchewethe be alle
the bokes of aftronomye. For the fuperficialtee nf
the erthe is departed in 7 parties, for the 7 planetes:
and tho parties ben clept cly mates. And oure par-
ties be not of the 7Xlymates: for thei ben defcend-
ynge toward the Weft. And ajfo thofe yles of
Ynde, which beth evene azenft us, beth noghc
reckned in the clymates : for thei ben azi-'nft us,
that ben in the lowe contree. And the 7 clymates
ftrecchen hem envyrounynge the world.

II. And I John Maundevylle knyghteabovefeyd,
(alle thoughe I be unworthi) that departed from
ou.e contrees and paflTcd the fee, the zeer of grace
1322. that have pafltfd manye londes and manye
yles and contrees, and cerched manye fulle ftraunge
places, and have ben in many a fulle gode ho-
nourable companye, and at many a fairc dede of
amies, (alle be it that 1 dide none myle'f, for myn
unable infuffifince) now I am comen horn (mawgrce
my lelf) to rcfte : for gowces, arteiykes, that me
diftreynen, tho diffynen the ende of my labour,
azenft my wille (God knowethe.) And thus tak-
ynge folace in my wrecched rcfte, rccordynge the
tyme paffed, I have fulfilled tlicife thinges and
pucte hem wryten in this boke, as it wolde come
in to my mynde, the zeer of grace 1356 in the 34
zeer that I depjrtede from oure contrecs. Wher-
fore I preye to alle the redcres and hereres of tnis
boke, zif it plcfe hem, that thei wolde preycn to
God for me : and J fchalle preye for hem. And
alle tho that feyn for me a. Pater nofter, with ar»
Ave Maria, that God forzeve me my fynnts, I
make hem partneres and graunte hem part of alle
the gode pilgrymages and of alle the gode dedes,
that I have don, zif ony be to his plefance : and
noghte only of tho, but of alle that evere I fchalle
do unto my lyfes ende. And I befeche Almyghty
God, fro whom alle godcntfle and grace comethe
fro, that he vouchefaf, of his excellent mercy and
habundant grace, to fulle fyUe hire foules with infpi-
racioun of theHolyGoft, in makynge defence of alle
hire goftly enemycs here in erthe, to hire falvacioun,
botheof body andfoule; toworfchipeandthankynge
of him, that is three and on, with outen begy nny nge
and withouten endynge; that is, with outen qua-
litee, good, and with outen quantytee, gret ; that
in alle places is prefent, and alle thinges contenyn-
ynge ; the whichc that no goodneffe may amende,
ne non evelle empeyre; that in perfeyte trynytee
lyvethe and rcgnethe God, be alle worldes and be
alle cymes. Amen, Amen, Amen.

The

THE HISTORY OF THE

The fifft of our authours, who can be properly
ijiid to have written Englijh, was Sir John Govoer^
who, in his Confejfton of a Lover, calls Chaucer his dif-
ciplc, and may therefore be confidercd as the father
of our poetry.

"VJOWE for to fpeke of the commune,
■^ It is to drcde of that fortune,
Whiche hath befalle in fondryc londes:
But ot'te for dcfaute of bondes
All fodcinly, er it be wift,
A tunne, when his lie arift
Tobreketh, and renncth all aboute,
Whi.hc els (liulde nought gone out.

And eke full ofte a littcll Ikarc
Vpon a banke, er men be ware.
Let in the ftrcme, whiche with gret peine.
If any man it Ihall rcftreine.
Where lawe failleth, errour groweth.
He is not wife, who that nc trowcth.
For it hath proucd oft er this.
And thus the common clamour is
In euery londe, where people dwelieth:
And eche in his complainte tellethj
How that the worlde is mifwent,
And thervpon his argument
Yeueth euery man in fondrie wife:
But what man wolde him fclfe auife
His confcience, and nought mifufe,
He maie well at the firft excufe
His god, whiche euer ftant in one.
In him there is detaute none
So muft it ftand vpon vs felue.
Nought only vpon ten ne twelue.
But plcnarly vpon vs all.
For man is caufe of that fliall fall.

CHAUCER.

ALAS! 1 wepyngamconllrained to begin verfe
*^ of forowfull matter, that whilom in florifhyng
ftudie made delitable ditees. For lo ! rendyng
mufes of a Poctes cditen to me thingcs to be
writcn, and dreric teres. At lade no drede ne
might overcame tho inufes, ihat thci ne werren fel-
lowcs, and foloweden my waic, that is to faie,
when I was exiled, thei that weren of my youth
whilom wclfull and grene, comforten now forow-
full wcirdcs of me olde man : for clde is comcn
unwarely upon mc, haflcd by the harmes that I
have, and forowc hath commaunded his age to be
in mc. Heres hore arcn fhad overtimcliche upon
my hed : and the flackc fkinne irembleih of mine
cmptcd bodie. Thilke dtth of men is wclefuil,
that he ne comcth not in ycrcs that be fwete, but
5 comcth

The hiftoryof our language is now brought to the
point at which the hiftory of our poetry is generally
fuppofed to commence, the time of the illuftriou«
Geoffry Chaucer, who may, perhaps, with great juf-
tice, be ftiled the firft of our verfifiers who wrote
poetically. He does not, however, appear to have
defervcd all the praifc which he has received, or all
the cenfure that he has fufFered. Dryden, who,
miftaking genius for learning, in confidence of his
abilities, ventured to write of what he had not ex-
amined, afcribes to Chaucer the firft refinement of
our numbers, the firft produftion of eafy and natural
rhymes, and the improvement of our language, by
words borrowed from the more polilhed languages
of the continent. Skinner contrarily blames him in
harftj terms for having viiiatcdhis native fpeech by
'whole cartloads of foreign words. But he that reads
the works of Cower will find fmooth numbers and
eafy rhymes, of which Chaucer is fuppofed to have
been the inventor, and the Frorch words, whether
good or bad, of which Chaucer is charged as the
importer. Some innovations he might probably
make, like others, in the infancy of our poetry,
which the paucity of books does not allow us to dif-
cover with particular exadnefs ; but the works of
Ccmer and Lydgate fufficiently evince, that his dic-
tion was in general like that of his contemporaries :
and fome improvements he undoubtedly made by
the various difpofitions of his rhymes, and by the
mixture of different numbers, in which he feems to
have been happy and judicious. I have fcleftcd
feveral fpecimens botii of his profe and verfe ; and
among them, part of his tranflation of Boetius, to
which another vcrfion, made in the time of queen
Mary, is oppolcd. It would be improper to quote
very ff.aringly an author of fo much reputation, or
to make very large extradts from a book fo gene-
rally known.

C O L V I L E.

T That in tyme of profperite, and floryfhing
-^ ftudye, made plcaHiunte and delegable dities,
or verfes : alas now beyng heauy and fad ouer-
throwen in aduerfuie, am compelled to fele and taft
hcuines and greit. Beholde the mufes Poeticall,
that is to laye : the pleafure that is in poetes
verfes, do appoynt me, and compel mc to writ
thefe verfes in meter, and the forowfull verfes do
wet my wretched face with very watcrye teares,
yffuinge out of my eyes for forowe. Whiche mufes
no icare without doute could ouercome, but that
they wold folow me in my iourney of exile or ba-
niflimcnt. Soniecyme the ioye of happy and lufly
delegable youth dyd comfort me, and nowe the
rourfe of forowfull olde age caufeth me to reioyfe.
For hafty old age vnloked for is come vpon me

with

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

comcth to wretclies often icleped : Alas, alas !
with how defe an ere deth cruell turneth awaie fro
wretches, and naieth for to clofe wepyng eyen.
While fortune unfaithful! favoured me with light
godes, that forowfull houre, that is to faie, the
deth, had almofte t'rente myne hedde : but now
for fortune cloudie hath chaunged her decevable
chere to mewarde, myne unpitous life drawech
along ungreable dwellynges. O ye my frendes,
what, or whereto avaunted ye me to ben welfuU ?
For he that hath fallin, (lode in no ftedfaft degre.

with al her incommodities and euyls, and forow
hath commaunded and broughteme into the fame
old age, that is to fay : that forowe caufcth me to
be oide, before my time come of olde age. The
hoer heares do growe vntimely vpon my heade,
and my reuiled (kynne trembleth my flefh, cleane
confumed and wafte with forowe. Mannes death
is happy, that cometh not in youth, when a man
is luftye, and in pleafure or welth: but in time of
aduerfitie, when it is often defyred. Alas Alas
how dull and deffe be the eares of cruel death vnto
men in mifery that would fayne dye : and yet re-
fufythe to come and (hutte vp thcyr carefuU wep-
yng eyes. Whiles that falfe fortune fauoryd me
with her tranfitorye goodcs, then the howre of
death had alnioft oucrcome me. That is to fay
deathe was redy to opprefTe me when I was in pro-
fperitie. Nowe for by caufe that fortune beynge
turned, from profperitie into aduerfuie (as the clere
day is darkyd with cloudes) and hath chaungyd her
deceyuable countenaunce : my wretched life is yet
prolonged and doth continue in dolour. O my
ftendes why haue you fo often bofted me, fayinge
that I was happy when I had honour pofleflions
riches, and authoritie whych be tranfitory thynges.
He that hath fallen was in no ftedefaft degre.

TN the mene while, that I ftill record thcfc thynges
■*• with my felf, and marked my wepelie complainte
with office of poin(n:c!l : I faugh (londyng aboven
the hight of myn hed a woman of full grcte reve-
rence, by femblaunt. Her eyen brennyng, and
clere, feyng over the common m'.ght of menne,
with a lively colour, and with fothe vigour and
ftrength that it nc might not be nempned, all were
it fo, that fhc were full of fo grete age, that menne
wouKirn not trowcn in no manere, that Ihe were of
our elde.

The ftature of her was of dourous Judgemente,
for fometyme flie conftrained and (hronke her felven,
like to the common mefure of menne : And fome-
tyn-e it femed, that fhe touched the heven with
the hight of her hedde. And when flie hove her
hedde higher, fhe perced the felf heven, fo that the
fight of menne lokyng was in ydell : her clothes
wer maked of right dclie thredes, and fiibtel craft
of perdurable matter. The whiche clothes (he had
woven with her owne handes, as 1 kncwe well after
by her felf declaryng, and fhewyng to me the
beautie : The whiche clothes a darknefle of a for-
leten and difpifed eldc had dufked and darked, as
it is wonte to darke by fmoked Images.

In the nethereft hemme and border of thefe
clothes menne reddc iwoven therein a Grekifhe A.
that fignifieth the life adive, and above that letter,
in the hieft bordure, a Grekifhe C. that fignifieth
the life contemplatife. And betwene thefe two

Vol. I. letters

Y\7"HYLES that I confiderydde pryuylye with
' my felfe the thynges before fayd, and defcry-
bed my wofuU complaynte after the maner and
ofFyce of a wrytter, me thought I fawe a woman
ftand oucr my head of a reuerend countenaunce,
hauyng quycke and glyflcryng clere eye, aboue
the common forte of men in lyuely and delegable
coloure, and ful of ftrength, although fhe femed fo
olde that by no meanes fhe is thought to be one of
this oure tymc, her ftature is of douteful know-
ledge, for nowe fhe fhewethe herfclfe at the corn-
men length or ftatur of men, and other whiles fhe
femeth fo high, as though flie touched heuen with
the crown of her hed. And when (he wold ftretch
fourth her hed hygher, it alfo perced thorough
heauen, fo that mens fyghte coulde not attaine to
behold her, Her veftures or cloths were perfyt of
the finyfte thredes, and fubtyll workemanfliyp, and
of fubliaunce permanent, whych vefturs fhe had
wouen with her own hands as I perceyued after by
her owne faiynge. The kynde or beawtye of the
whyche veftures, a certayne darkenes or rather ig-
noraunce of oldenes forgotten hadde obfcuryd and
darkened, as the fmoke is wont to darken Images
that ftand nyghe the fmoke. In the lower parte of
the faid veftures was read the greke letter P. wouen
whych fignifyeth praftife or aftyffe, and in the
hygher parte of the veftures the greke letter T.
whych ettandeth for theorica, that fignifyeth fpecu-
lacion or contemplation. And betwene both the
[ g ] fayd

THE HISTORYOF THE

letters there were ken degrees nobly wrought, in
mancr of lad^icrs, by whiche degrees mcnne might
climben from the ncthercfl: letter to the uppercrt:
nathclcne handes of fomc men hadden kerve that
clothe, by violence or by ftrcngth, and evcriche
marine of 'hem had borne awaic Ibche ptrces, as he
might getten. And forfothe this forlaied woman
bare fmalc bokes in her right hande, and in her left
hand fhe bare a fcepter. And when flie fawe thefe
Pocticall miifes approchyng about my bed, and
endityng wordes to my wtpynges, (he was a litle
amoved, and glowed with cruell cycn. Who (q^
fhe) hath fuffcrcd approchen to this fike mannc
ihcfe commen ftrompettes, of which is the place
that mcnne callen Theatre, the whiche onely ne
iffwagen not his forowcs with renrwdies, but thei
would feden and norifhe hym with fwete venime ?
forfothe, that ben iho that with thornes, and
prickynges of talentesof affeccions, whiche thatben
nothyng fruftuous nor profitable, diftroicn the
Corne, plcntuous of fruiites of refon. For thei
holden hcrtes of men in ufage, but thei ne deliver
no folke fro maladie. But if ye mufes had with-
drawcn fro me with your flatteries any unconnyng
and unprofitable manne, as ben wont to finde com-
menly emong the peple, I would well fuffre the
lafle grcvoufly. For why, in foche an unprofitable
man myn ententes were nothyng endamaged. But
ye withdrowen fro me this man, that hath ben
nourifhed in my ftudies or fcoles of Eleaticis, and
of Academicis in Grece. But goeth now rather
awaie ye Mermaidens, whiche that ben fwete, till
it be at the laft, and lufFreth this man to be cured
and hcled by my mufes, that is to fay, by my note-
full fciences. And thus this companie of mufes
iblamed caften wrothly the chere dounward to the
yerth, and Ihewing by rcdnelTc ther fhame, thei
pafTeden forowfully the threlholde. And I of whom
the fight piounged in teres was darked, fo that I ne
might not know what that woman was, of fo Im-
perial audthoritie, I woxe all abalhed and ftonied,
and caft my fight doune to the yerth, and begin
ftill tor to abide what fhe would doen afterward.
Then came flie nere, and fct'her doune upon !.he
uttereit corner of my bed, and fhe beholdyng my
chere, 'hat was caft to the yerth, hevie and grevous
of wei-yng, complained with thefe wordes (that I
fliall fainc) the periurbacion of my thought.

fayd letters were fcne ccrtayne degrees, wrought
after the maner of ladders, wherein was as it were
a paflage or waye in lleppes or degrees from the
lower part wher the letter P. was which is vnder-
ftand from pradtys or aftyf, unto the hygher parte
wher the letter T. was whych is vnderfland fpecu-
!acion or contemplacion, Neucrthcles the handes
of fome vyolente perfones had cut the faydc veftures
and had taken awaye certayne pecis thereof, fuch
as euery one coulde catch. And fhe her lelre dyd
bare in her ryght hand litcl bokes, and in her lefce
hande a fcepter, which forefayd phylofophy (when
fhe faw the mufes poetycal prefent at my bed, fpck-
yng forowfull wordes to my wepynges) beyng angry
iayd (with terrible or frownynge countenaunce) who
fuffred thefe crafty harlottes to com to ihys fycke
man ? whych can help hym by no means of hys
griefe by any kind of medicines, but rather increaie
the fame with fwete poyfon. Thefe be they that
doo dyftroye the fertile and plentious commodytyes
of reafon and the fruytes therof wyth their pryck-
ynge thornes, or barren affecles, and accuftome or
fubdue mens myndes with fickenes, and heuynes,
and do not delyuer or heale them of the fame. But
yf your flatterye had conueyed or wythdrawen from
me, any vnlernyd man as the comen forte of people
are wonte to be, I coulde haue ben better con-
tentyd, for in that my worke fbould not be hurt or
hynderyd. But you haue taken and conueyed
from me thys man that hath ben broughte vp in the
fludyes of Arif^otel and of Plato. But yet get you
hence maremaids (that feme fwete untyil you haue
brought a man to deathe) and fuffer me to heale
thys my man wyth my mufes or fcyences that be
holfome and good. And after that philofophy had
fpoken thefe wurdes the fayd companyeof the mufys
poeticall beyng rebukyd and fad, cafle down their
countenaunce to the grounde, and by blulTyng con-
feffed their fhamfaftnes, and went out of the dores.
But I (that had my iyght dull and blynd wyth
wepyng, fo that 1 knew not what woman this was
hauing foo great audthoritie) was amalyd or afto-
nyed,and lokyng downeward, towarde ehe grounde,
I began pryvylye to look what ihyng fhe would
faye ferther, then fhe had fa id. Then fhe ap«
proching and drawynge ncre vnto me, fat downe
vpon the vttermoll part of my bed, and lokyng
vpon my face fad with weplng, and declynyd
toward the earth for Ibrow, bewayied the trouble of
my minde wyth thde layinges folowynge.

The

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

The condufions of the Astrolabie.
This book (written to his fon in the year of our
Lord 1391, and in the 14 of King Richard II.)
ftandeth fo good at this day, efpecially for the
horizon of Oxfcrd, as in the opinion of the
learned it cannot be amended, fays an Edit, of
Chaucer.

T Y T E L Lowys my fonne, I perceve well by
■■-' certaine evidences thync abylyte to lerne fcy-
ences, touching nombres and proporcions, and
alfo well conlydre I thy bcfye prayer in efpecyal
to lerne the tretyfe of the alfrolabye. Than for
as moche as a philofophcr faithe, he wrapeth hym
in his frende, that condilcendeth to the ryghc-
full prayers of his frende : therfore I have given
the a I'ufficient aftrolabye for oure orizont, com-
powned after the latitude of Oxenforde : upon the
•whiche by mediacion of this lytell tretife, I pur-
pole to teche the a certaine nombre of conclufions,
pcrtainynge to this fame inllrumcnt. 1 lay a cer-
taine nombre of conclufions for thre caufcs, tUe
firft caule is this. Trufte wel that al the conclufions
that have be founden, or ells pofliblye might be
founde in fo noble an inftrument as in the aftro-
labye, ben unknowen perfitely to anye mortal man
in this region, as 1 iuppofe. Another caule .
this, that foihely in any cartes of the aftrolabye
that I have yff ne, ther ben fome conclufions, that
wol not in al thinges perfourme ther beheftes: and
fome of 'henj ben to harde to thy tender age of
ten yere to conceve. This tretife divided in five
partes, wil 1 fhewe the wondir *lighi rules and
naked wordes in Engliftie, for Latine ne canft
thou nat yet but fmale, my litel fonne. But ne-
verthclerTe luffifcth to the thefe trewe conclufyons
in Engliftic, as wel as fufHfeth to thefe noble
clerkes grekes thefe fame conclufyons in greke,
• and to the Arabines in Arabike, and to Jewes
in Hebrewe, and to the Latin folke in Latyn:
whiche Latyn folke had 'hem firfte out of other di-
vers langages, and write 'hem in ther owne tonge,
that is to faine in Latine.

And God wote ihat in all thefe langages and in
manyc mo, have thef^ conclufyons ben fufficientlye
lerned and taught, and yet by divers rules, right
as divers pathes ledcn divers folke the right waye
to Rome.

Now wol I pray mekely every perfon difcrete,
that redcth or hereth this lityl tretife to have my
rude ententing cxcufed, and my fupcrfluite of
wordes, for two caufcs. The firft caufe is, for
that curious eniiityng and harde fentences is ful
hevy at ones, for foch a childe to lerne. And the
feconde caufe is this, that fothely me femeth better
to writen unto a childe twife a gode fentence, than

5

he foriete it ones. And, Lewis, if it be fo that I
(hewe the in my lith Engliftie, as trew conclu-
fions touching this mater, and not only as trewe
but as many and fubtil conclufions as ben yftiewed
in latin, in any comon tretife of the aftrolabye,
conne me the more thanke, and praye God fave the
kinge, thaf is lorde of this langage, and all that
him faith bereth, and obeieth everiche in his de-
gree, the more and the lafle. But confydreth
well, that I ne ufurpe not to have founden this
werkc of my labour or of myne engin. I n'ame
but a leude compilatour of the laboure of olde
aftrologiens, and have it tranllated in myn engliftie
onely for thy dodrine : and with this fwerde ftial
1 ftene e.^vy.

The firft party.

The firft partye of this tretife ftial reherce the
figures, and the membres of thyne aftrolaby, by-
caufe that thou ftialte have the greter knowinge of
thine owne inftrument.

The feconde party.

Th feconde partye ftial teche the to werken the
very praftike of the forefai i conclurn>ns, as fer-
forthe and alfo narowe as may be fnewed in ft>
fmale an inftrument portatife aboute. For wel
wote every aftrologien, thai fmalleft frailions ne
wol not be ftiewe i in fo i'mal an inftrument,, as in
fubtil tables caculcd for a caufe.

The Prologue of the Testament of LOVE.

I
■jV/TANY men there ben, that with eres openly
^^■^ fprad fo moche fwalowen the delicioufnefte of
jeftes and of ryme, by queint knittinge coloures,
that of the godenefle or of the badneffe of the fen-
tence take they lilel hede or els none.

Sothelye dulle witte and a thoughtfuUe foule fo
fore have mined and grafted in my fpirites, that
foche craft of enditingc woll nat ben of mine
acquaintaunce. And for rude wordes and boiftous
percen the herte of the herer to the inreft point, and
planten there the fentence of thinges, fo that with
litel helpe it is able to fpring, this boke, that no-
thynge hath of the grete flode of wytte, ne of
fcmelyche colours, is dolven with rude wordes and
boiftous, and fo drawe togiSer to maken the catch-
ers therof ben the more redy to hent fentence.

Some men there ben, that painten with colours
riche and fome with wers, as with red inke, and
foine with coles and chalke : and yet is there gode
matter to the leude peple of thylke chalkye pur-
trcyture, as 'hem thinketh for the time, and after-
ward

THE HISTORY OF THE

ward the fyght of the better colours yeven to 'hem
more joyc tor the firft leudncflTe. So foihly this
Icude clowdy occupacyon is not to prayfe, but by
the leude, for comenly leude leudeneflc commend-
eth. Eke it (hal ycve fight that other precyous
thynges fhall be the more in reverence. In Latin
and French hath many foveraine wittes had grete
dclyte to endite, and have many noble thinges ful-
fildc, but ccrtes there ben fome that fpeken ther
poifye mater in Frenche, of whiche fpcche the
Frenche men have as gode a fantafye .as we
have in hcryng of Frenche mens Engliflie. And
many termes there ben in Englyfhe, whiche
unncth we Englifhe men connen declare the
knowkginge : howe fhould than a Frenche man
borne ? loche tcrmcs connejumperc in his matter,
but as the jay chatcreth Englifhe. Right fo truely
the underftandyn of Englifhmen woll not ftretche
to the privie termes in Frenche, what fo ever we
boften of ftraunge langage. Let then clerkes en-
■ditcn in Latin, for they have the propertie of
fcience, and the knowinge in that facultie: and
lette Frenche men in iher Frenche alfo enditen ther
queint termes, for it is Jcyndcly to ther mouthes ;
and let us (hewe our fantafies in fuch wordes as we
lernedcn of our dame's tonge. And although this
boke be lytel thank worthy for the leudnefTe in
travaile, yet foch writing exiten men to thilke
thinges that ben neceffarie ; for every man therby
may as by a perpetual myrrour fcne the vices or ver-
tues of other, in whyche thynge lightly may be
conceved to cfchue perils, and neceffarics to catch,
after as aventures have fallen to other peplc or
perfons.

Certcs the foverainft thinge of defirc and mod
creture refonable, have or els (huld have full ap-
petite to ther perfeccyon : unrefonable beftes
mowcn not, fithe rcfon hath in *hem no workinge :
ihan refonable that wol not, is compari'bned to un-
refonable, and made lyke 'hem. Forfothe the molt
foveraine and finall pcrfeccion of man is in know-
-yngc of a fothe, withouten any entent dccevable,
and in love ot one very God, that is inchaungeable,
*hat is to knowe, and love his creator.

Nowe principally the menc to brynge in know-
leging and lovynge his creatour, is the confidera-
<yon of thynges made by the creatour, wher through
by thylke thinges that ben made, underltandynge
here to our wyttes, arne the unlcne pryvities of
God made to us fyghtfuU and knowinge, in our
contcmplacion and underftondinge. Tnele thinges
than forfothe moche bringen us to the ful know-
leginge fothe, and to the parfyte love of the maker
ot htvenly thynges. Lo! David laith: thou hade
dclitcd mc in makinge,as who faith, to have deiite
in the tunc how God hat lent me in confideracion
of thy inakinge. Whcrof Ariftotle in the boke

de Animalibus, faith to naturell philofophcrs : it is
a grete likynge in love of knowinge ther cretourc:
and alfo in knowinge of caufes in kindelye thynges,
conQdrid forfothe the formes of kindelye thinges
and the fhap, a gret kyndely love we fliulde have
to the werkman that 'hem made. The crafte of a
werkman is fhewed in the werk. Herefore trulie
the philofopliers with a lyvely ftudie manie noble
thinges, righte precious, and worthy to memoryc,
writen, and by a gret fwet and travaille to us leften
of caufes the properties in natures of thinges, to
whiche therfore philofophers it was more joy, more
lykinge, mere herty lull in kindely vertues and
matters of refon the perfeccion by bufy ftudy to
knowe, than to have had all the trefour, al the
richeflTe, al the vainctglory, that the pafled empe-
rours, princes, or kinges hadden. Therfore the
names of 'hem in the boke of perpetuall memorie
in vertue and pece arne writen -, and in the con-
trarie, that is to faine, in Styxe the foule pitte of
helle arne thilke prefled that foch godenes hated.
And bicaufe this boke fliall be of love, and tha
prime caufes of ftering in that doinge with paf-
fions and dilefes for wantinge of defire, I wil that
this boke be clcped the teftament of love.

But nowe thou reder, who is thilke that wirtnot
in fcorne laughe, to here a dwarle or els halfe a
man, fay he will rende out the fwerde of Hercules
handes, and alfo he fhulde fet Hercules G;ides a
mile yet ferther, and over that he had power of
ftrengch to pull up the fpere, that Alifander the
noble might never wagge, and that paflmge al
thinge to ben mayfter of Fraunce by might, there
as the noble gracious Fdwarde the thirde for al his
grete prowelTe in viftories nc might al yet conquere?
Certes I wote well, ther fiiall be made more
fcorne and jape of me, that I fo unwortheiy clothed
altogither in the cloudie cloude of unconning, wil
putten me in prces to fpeke of love, or els of the
caufes in that matter, fuhen al the grettefl; clerkes
han had ynough to don, and as who faith gathered
up clene tofornc 'hem, and with ther fharp fithes of
conning al mowen and made cherof grete rekes and
noble, ful of al plenties to fede me and many an
other. Envye forfothe commendeth noughte his
refon, that he hath in hain, be it never fo trulty.
And although thefe noble repers, as gode work-
men and worthy ther iiier, han al draw and bounde
up in the Iheves, and made many fhockcs, yet have
1 enfample to gaScr the fmale crommes, and fullin
ma walet of tho that fallen from the bourde among
the fmalle houndes, notwithftanding the travaile of
the almoigner, that hath draw up m il)e cloth al
the remilfiiles, as trenchours, and the relefe to
bere to the almeire. Yet alfo have 1 ieve of the
noble hulbande Boece, although I be a (Iraunger
of conningc to come after his dodrinc, and thefe

grete

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

I

grete workmen, and glene my handfuls of the
Ihedynge after ther handes, and yf me faile ought
of my ful, to encrefe my porcion with that I fhal
drawe by privy ties out of fhockes-, a flye fervaunte
in his owne heipe is often moche commended 5
knowynge of trouthe in caufcs of thynges, was
more hardier in the firfte fechers, and fo fayth
Ariftotle, and lighter in us that han folowed after.
For ther pafTing ftudy han freflied our wittes, and
oure underftandynge han excited in confideracion
of trouth by fliarpenes of ther refons. Utterly
thcfe thingcs be no dremcs ne japes, to throwe to
hoc^tres, it is lifelych mete for children of trouth,
and as they me betiden whan I pilgramed out of
my kith in wintere, whan the wether out of mefure
was bolftous, and the wyld w.ynd Boreas, as his
kind afketh, with dryingc coldes maked the wawes
of the ocean fe fo to arife unkindely over the com-
mune bankes that it was in point to fpill all the
crche.

The Prologues of the Canterbury Tales of
CHAUCER, from the MSS.

XX/HEN that Aprilis with his (houris fote,
^ ^ The drought of March had percid to the rote.
And iiathid every veyn in fuch licpur,
Of which vcrtuc engendrid is the flour.
When Zephyrus eke, with his fwete brcth
Enfpirid hath, in every holt and heth
The tender croppis ; and that the yong Sunn
Hath in the Kamm his halve cours yrunn :
And fmale foiriis makin melodye.
That Qepin alle night with opin eye,
(So prickith them nature in ther corage)
Then longin folk to go on pilgrimage :
And palmers for to fekin ftrange ftrondes,
To fervin hallowes couth in fondry londes:
And fpeciaUy fro every fhir'is end
Of England, to Canterbury they wend.
The holy blisfull martyr for to fckc.
That them hath holpin, whan that they were feke.

Befell that in that fefon on a day
In Southwerk at the Tabberd as I lay,
Redy to wcndin on my pilgrimage
To Canterbury, with devote corage.
At night wer come into that hoftery
Wcle nine and twenty in a cumpany
Of lundrie folk, by aventure yfall
In felafhip ; and pilgrimes wer they all:
That toward Canterbury wouldin ride.

The chambers and the ftabiis werin wide,
[And well we werin efid at the beft :
And fhortly whan the funne was to red.
So had I ipokin with them everych one.
That I was of ther felalhip anone j

Vol. I.

And made forward erli for to rife.

To take our weye, ther as I did devife.

But nathlefs while that I have time and fpace,
Er' that I farther in this tale pace,
Methinkith it accordaunt to refon.
To tell you alle the condition
Of ech of them, fo as it femid me.
And which they werin, and of what degree.
And eke in what array that they wer in :
And at a knight then woll I firft begin.

The Knight.

A knight ther was, and that a worthy man,
That fro the time that he firft began
To ridin out, he lovid Chevalrie,
Trouth and honour, fredome and curtefy.
Full worthy was he in his lordis wcrre.
And thereto had he riddin nane more ferre
As well in Chriftendom, as in Hethnefs j
And evyr honoured for his worthinefs.

At Aleflandre' he was whan it was wonj
Full oft timis he had the bord begon
Abovin alle naciouns in Pruce -,
In Lettow had he riddin, and in Luce,
No Chriften-man fo oft of his degree
In Granada •, in the fege had he be
Of Algezir, and ridd in Belmary ;
At Leyis war he, and at Sataly,
Whan that they wer won ; and in the grete fee
At many'a noble army had he be :
At mortal battails had he ben fiftene.
And foughtin for our feith at Tramefcne,
In liftis ihrys, and alwey flein his fo.

This ilke worthy knight hath ben alfo
Sometimis with the lord of Palathy,
Ayens anothir hethin in Turky j
And evirmore he had a fov'rane prize ;
And though that he was worthy, he was wife j
And of his port as mtke as is a maid.
He nevir yet no villany ne faid
In all his life unto no manner wight:
He was a very parfit gentil knight.
But for to tellin you of his array.
His hors wer good ; but he was nothing gay j
Of fuftian he werfd a gipon,
Alle bcfmottrid with his haburgeon.
For he was late ycome from his viage,
And wcnte for to do his pilgrimage.

The House of FAME.

The Firft Boke.

"XT O W herken, as I have you faied,
■*-^ What that I mette or I abraied,
Of December the tenith daie.
When it was night, to flepe 1 laie,
[h]

Right

THE HISTORY OF THE

Right as I was wontc for to docn.
And fill aQcpe wondir lone.
As he that was weiie forgo
On pilgrimage milis two
To the corps of fainft L.eonarde,
To makin lith that erll was harde.

But as mc flcpt mc mette I was
Within a temple' imadc of glas,
In whiche there wcrin mo images
Of golde, ftandyng in fondric lbge»,
Sette in mo riche tabirn-icles.
And with perrc mo pinnacles.
And mo curious portraituris,
And qucint manir of figuris
Of goldc worke, then 1 fawc CTir.

But certainly 1 n'ift ncvir
Where that it was, but well wift I
It was of Venus rcdily
This temple, for in purtrciture
1 fawe anone right her figure
Nakid yfletyng in a fe.
And alfo on her hedde parde
Her rofy garUnd white and redde.
And her combe for to kcmbe her hcddc.
Her dovis, and Dan Cupido
Her blinde fonne, and Vulcano,
That in his face ywas full broune.

But as I romid up and doune,
I founde that on the wall there was
Thus writtin on a table* of bras.

I woll now fyng, if that I can.
The armis, and alio the man.
That firll came through his deftine
Fiigitific fro Troye the countre
Into itaile, with full mochc pine.
Unto the ftrondis of Lavine,
And tho began the ftoric' anone.
As I (hall tellin you ecbone.

Firll fawe I the dilUuccion
Of Troie, thorough the Grcke Sinon,
With his falTc untrue forfwcryngcs.
And with his chere and his Icfynges,
That made a hori'e, brought into Troye,
By whiche Trojans lofte all their joye.

And aftir this was graved, alas !
How llions calhll aHailed was.
And won, and kyng Friamus llain.
And PoJites his ionre certain,
Difpitoutly of Dan Pyrrhus.

And next that fawc I howc Venus,
When that (he fawe the caftill brcnde,
Doune from hevin (he gan difccnde.
And bade her fonne ^neas He,
And how he fled, and how that he

Efcapid was from all the pre?,
And toko his fathrc*, old Anchifes,
And bare hym on his backe awaie.
Crying alas and wclawale !
The whiche Anchifes in his hande.
Bare tho the godJis of the lande
I mene thilke that unbrcnnid were.
Then fawe 1 next that all in fere
How Creufa, Dan /Eneas wife.
Whom that he lovid all his life.
And her yong fonne clepid Julo,
And eke Afcanius alio,
Fleddin eke, with full dreric chere.
That it was pile for to here.
And in a foreft as thei went
How at a tournyng of a went
Creufa was ilollc, alas !
That rede not I, how that it was
How he her fought, and how her ghofte
Bad hym to flic the Grekis hofte.
And faied he mufl: into Itaile,
As was his deftinie, fauns faile.
That it was pitic for to here.
When that her fpirite gan appere.
The wordis that Ihe to hym laied.
And for to kepc her fonne hym praied.
There fawe I gravin eke how he

His fathir eke, and his meine

With his Ihippis began to faile

Toward the countrey of Itaile,

As llreight as ere thei mightm go.
There fawe I eke the, cruill Juno,

That art Dan Jupiter his wife.

That hsft ihated all thy life

Mercilefs all the Trojan blode,

Rennin and crie as thou were wodc

On j^olus, the god of windcs.

To blowin out of alie kindes

So loude, that he (hould ydrenche

Lorde, and ladie, and grome, and wenche

Of all the Trojanis nacion.

Without any* of their falvacion.
There fawe I foche tempell arife.

That every herte might agrife.

To fe it painiid on the wall.
There lawe I eke grawin withall,

Venus, how ye, my ladie dere,

Ywcpyng with full wofuU cherc

Yprayid Jupiter on hie.

To lave and kepin that navie

Of that dere Trojan ^neas,

Sithins that he your fonne ywas.

Code

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

Gode counfallc of Chaucer.

17 L I E fro the prcfe and dwell with fothfallnefle,
■*■ Suffife unto the gode though it be Jmali,
For horde hath hate, and climbyiig tikilneirc,
Prtce hath cnvie, and wcle it brent oer ail,
Savour no more4bcn the bchovin fhall.

Rede well thy felf, that othir folkc canft rede.
And trouthe the ihall delivir it 'is uodrcdc.
Paine the not cche crokid to rcdrefle.

In truft of her that tournith as a balle,
Crete reft ft.jndith in litil bulincfle.
Beware alio to fpurne ag^in a nalle.
Strive not as doith a crockc with a walle,
Dcmirh thy felf that demill othir's dcde.
And trouthe the fhall deliver it 'is no drede.
That the is fcnt rcceve in buxomentfll- •,

The wralUyng of this worlds aikith a fjU ;
Here is no home, here is but wildirncflV,
For'.he pilgrim, forthe o befl: out of thy flail,
Loke up on high, and thanke thy God of all,
Wcivith thy luile and let thy gholl the lede.
And trouthe the fhall delivir, it 'is no drede.

Balade of the village without paintyng.

'T' H 1 S wrctchid world'is tranfmutacion
■*• As wcle and wo, nov/e pore, and now honour.
Without ordir cr due difcrecion
Govirnid is by fortun'is crrour.
But nathelefle the lacke of her favour

Nc male not doc me fyng though that I die,
J'ay tout perdu, mon temps & mon labcur
For finally fortune I doc defie.
Yet is me left the fight of my rcfoun

To knowin frende fro foe in thy mirrour.
So moche hath yet thy tournyng up and doun,
I taughtin me to knowin in an hour,
But truily no force of thy reddour

To hym that ovir hymfelf hath maiftrie,.
My fuffifaunce yflial be my fuccour.
For finally fortune I do defie.
O Socrates, ihou ftedfalt champion.

She nc might nevir be thy turmcntour.
Thou nevir dreddilt her oppreffion,

Ne in her chcrc foundin thou no favour,
Thou knewe wcle the difccipt of her colour.

And that her mofte worfliip is for to lie,
1 knowe her eke a falfe dilTimulour.
For finally fortune I do defie.

The anfwerc of Fortune.

No man is wretchid but hymfelf it wene.
Me that yhaih hymfelf hath fuffifaunce.

Why faiert thou then I am to the fo kene,
1 hat hath ihyfclf out of my govirnaunce ?

Sale thus grant mercie of thin iiabundauncr,.

That thou hafl lentor this, thou (lialt not llrivej.
What wort thou yet how 1 the woll avauncc?
And eke thou hall thy beflc frende alive.
1 have the taught divifion bctwene

Frende of effcde, and frende of countinaunce.
The nedith not the galle of an hine.

That curith eyin derke for ther penaunce,
Now feeft thou clere that wcr in ignoraunce.
Yet holt thine anker, and thou maicfl arive
There bountie bereth the key of my fubftauncc,
And ckc thou hartc thy befte frende alive.
How many have I refufed to fuftene,

Sith I have the follrid in tliy pltfaunce ?

Wolt thou thcrn make a (latute on thy quene,

That I fhall be aie at thine ordinaoncc?

Thou born art in my reign of variaunce,

About the vi'hde with othir muft thou drive
My loie is bet, then wickc is thy grevaunce.
And ckc thou haft thy befte frende alive.

The anfwere to Fortune.
Thy lore I dampne, it is adverfitie.

My frcnd maill thou not revin blind goddefle,
That I thy frendis knowe I thanke it the,
Take 'hem again, let 'hem go lie a preftc-.
The nigardis in kepyng ther richcfTe

Pronoftike is thou wolt ther toure afTailf,
Wicke appetite comcth aie before fickenclle.
In gcncrall this rule nc maie not failc.

Fortune.
Thou pinchift at my mutabilitie.

For I the lent a droppe of my richcfte.
And now me likith to withdrawin me.
Why fliouldirt thou my roialtie opprclle ?
The fe maie ebbe and fl>)win more and lefTc,

Thewclkin hath might to ftiine, rain, and haile.
Right fo muft I kithin my brotilnefti?.
In generall this rule ne maie not faile.

The PlaintiiTe.
Lo, the' execucion of the majcftie,

That all purveighith of his rightwifencfTe,
That fame thyng fortune yclcpin ye;
Ye blinde beftia full of leudenefs !
The hevcn hath propirtie of fikirnefs.

This worldc hath evir reftlefTe travailc.
The laft dale is the ende of myne cntrcfTe,
In generall this rule nc maie not failc.

Th' cnvoye of Fortune.
Princes I praie you of your gentilncfTe,

Let not this man and me thus crie and plain.
And I fhall quitin you this bufinelTe,

And if ye lifte rcleve hym of his pain,
Praie ye his bcft frende of his nobltnefTc
1 hat to fome bettir ftate he maie attain.

Lydgsle

THE HISTORY OF THE

Lyigale was a rrtonk of 5«ry. who wrote about
the fame time with Chaucer. Out of his prologue
to his third book of The Fall of Princes a few
(lanzas are fclefted, which, being compared with
the ftylcof his two contemporaries, will fhow that
our language was then not written by caprice, but
was in a fettled (late.

T IKE a pilgrime which that goeth on foote,
•*-* And hath none horfe to releue his trauayle,
Whote, drye and wery, and may finde no bote
Of wel cold whan thruft doth hym aflayle.
Wine nor licour, that may to hym auayle.
Tight fo fare I which in my bufinefle,
No fuccour fynde my rudenes to redrefTe.

1 meane as thus, I haue no frcfh licour
Out of the conduices of Calliope,
Nor through Clio in rhetorike no floure.
In my labour for to refrefh me :
Nor of the fufters in noumber thrife three.
Which with Cithera on Parnafo dwell, '

They neuer me gaue drinke once of their wel.

Nor of theyr Ipringes clere and chriftaline,
' That fprange by touchyng of the Pegafe,
Their fauour lacketh my making ten lumine
I fynde theyr bawme of fo great fcarcitie.
To tame their tunnes with fome drop of plentie
For Foliphemus tTirow his great blindnes,
Hath in me derked of Argus the brightnes.

Our life here fliort of wit the great dulnes
The heuy foule troubled with trauayle.
And of memorye the glafyng brotelnes,
Drede and vncunning haue made a ftrong batail
With werines my fpirite to affayle.
And with their fubtil creping in mod queint
Hath made my fpirit in makyng for to feint.

And ouermore, the ferefull frowardnes
Of my ftepmother called obliuion.
Hath a baftyil of foryetfulnes,
To ftoppe the paflagc, and Ihadow my reafon
That I might haue no clere direccion.
In tranflatinf^ of new to quicke me,
Stories to write of olde antiquite.

Thus was I fet and ftode in double werre
At the metyng of fearefiil wayes tweyne.
The one was this, who cuer lift to lere,
"Whereas good wyll gan me conftrayne,
Bochas taccomplifli for to doe my payne.
Came ignoraunce, with a menace of drede,
My penne to reft I durft not procedc.

Fortefcue was chief juftice of the Common Plea's,
in the reign of king Henry W. He retired in
147 1, after the battle of Tcwkefbury, and pro-
bably wrote mod of his works in his privacy.
The following pafla^e is fclectcd from his book

of the' Difference between an abfolute and limited Mo-
narch/.

TJYT may peraventure be marvelid by fome men,
■*■•■• why one Realme is a Lordlhyp only Royally
and the Prynce thereof rulyth yt by his Law, callid
Jus Regale ; and another Kyngdome is a Lordfchip,
Royalland Polilike, and the Prince thereof rulyth by
a Lawe, callyd Jus Politicum^ Regale-, fythen thes
two Princes bcth of egail Aftate.

To this dowte it may be anfwcryd in this man-
ner; The firft Inftitution of thes twoo Rcalmys,
upon the Incorporation of them, is the Caufe of
this diverfyte.

When Nembroth by Might, for his own Glorye,
made and incorporate the firft Realme, and lub-
duyd it to hymfelf by Tyrannye, he would not
have it governyd by any other Rule or Lawe,
but by his own Will ; by which and for th' ac-
complifliment thereof he made it. And therfor,
though he had thus made a Realme, holy Scripture
denyyd to cal hym a Kyng, ^da Rex dicitur a Re-
^ende; Whych thyng he dyd not, but oppreflyd
the People by Myght, and therfor he was a Ty-
rant, and callid Primus Tyranmrum, But holy
Writ callith hym Robuftus Venator coram Deo. For
as the Hunter takyth ttie wyld befte for to fcleand
eatehymj fo Nembroth fubduyd to him the People
with Might, to have their fervice and their goods,
ufing upon them the Lordfchip that is callid Domi-
vium Regale tantum. After hym Bclus that was
callid firft a Kyng, and after hym his Sone Nynus,
and after hym other Panyms ; They, by Example
of Nembroth, made them Realmys, would not
have them rulyd by other Lawys than by their own
Wills. Which Lawys ben right good under good
Princes; and theirKyngdoms a then moftrefemblyd
to the Kyngdome of God, which reynith upon Man,
rulyng iiim by hys own Will. Wherfor many
Cryftyn Princes ufen the fame Lawe; and therfor it
is, that the Lawys fay en, ^od Principi placuit Legis
habet vigorem. And thus I fuppofe firft beganne in
Realmy-s, Dominium tantum Regale. But afterward,
whan Mankynd was more manfuete, and better dif-
pofyd to Vertue, Grete Communalties, as was the
Felifhip, that came into this Lond with Brute,
wyllyng to be unyed and made a Body Politike
callid a Realme, havyng an Heed to govcrne it ; as
after the Saying of the Philofophcr, every Com-
munahie unyed of many parts muft needs have an
Heed ; than they chole the fame Brute to be their
Heed and Kyng. And they and he upon this In-
corporation and Inftitution, and onyng of themfclf
into a Realme, ordeynyd the fame Realme fo to be
rulyd and juftyfyd by fuch Lawys, as they al would
aflcnt unto ; which Law therfur is callid Politicum;
and bycaufe it is mynyftrid by a Kyng, it is callid

Regale.

\

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

Regale. Dominium Poliiicum dicitur quafi Regimen,
flurium Scientia,Jive Confiiio tnimfiratum. The Kyng
of Scotts reyniih upon his People by this Lawc,
videlicet, Regimine Politico fc? Regali. And as Dio-
dorus Syculus faith, in his Boke de prifcis Hijloriis,
The Realme of Egvpre is rulid by the fame Lawe,
and therfor the Kyng therof chaungith not his
Lawes, without the Aflent of his People. And in
like forme as he faith is ruled the Kyngdome of
Saba, in Felici Arabia, and the Lond of Libie;
And alfo the more parte of al the Realmys in
Afrike. "Which manner of Rule and Lordfljip, the
fayd Diodorus in that Boke, prayfith gretely. For
it is not only good for the Prince, that may thereby
the more fewerly do Jurtice, than by his owne Ar-
bitriment ; but it is alfo good for his People that
receyve therby, fuch Jullice as they defyer them-
feif. Now as me feymth, it ys fhewyd opinly
ynough, why one Kyng rulyth and re_ynith on his
People Dominio tantum Regali, and that other rey-
nith Dominio Politico ^Regali: For that one Kyng-

dome beganne, of and by, the Might of the Prince,
and the other beganne, by the Defter and Inftitu-
tion of the People of the fame Prince.

Of the works of Sir Thomas More it was necefTary
to give a larger fpecimcn, both becaufe our lan-
guage was then in a great degree formed and
fettled, and becaufe it appears from Ben Jonjon,
that his works were confidered as models of pure
and elegant ftyle. The tale, which is placed firft»
becaufe earlicft written, will Ihow what an atten-
tive reader will, in perufing our old writers, often
remark, that the familiar and colloquial part of
our language, being diffufed among thofe clafles
who had no ambition of refinement, lOr affedlation
of novelty, has fuHered very little change. There
is another reafon why the extrads from this author
are more copious : his works are carefully and cor-
rectly printed, and may therefore be better f ulled
than any other edition of the Engltjh books of that,
or the preceding ages.

A merry iefl how a fergeant would
Icarne to playe the frere. Writ-
ten by maifter Thomas More in
hys youth.

"IXT'YSE men alway,

" Affyrmc and fay.

That beft is for a man :
Diligently,
For to apply,

The bufincs that he can.
And in no wyfe,
To enterpryfe.

An other faculte.
For he that wyll.
And can no fkyll.

Is neuer lyke to the.
He that hath lafte.
The hofiers crafte.

And falleth to making fhone,
The fmythe that (hall,
To payntyng fall.

His thrift is well nigh done.
A blacke draper.
With whyte paper.

To goe to writyng fcole,"
An olde butler,
Becum a cutler,

I wene fhall proue afole.
And an olde trot.
That can I wot,

Nothyng but kylTc the cup.
With her phifick,
Wil kepe on ficke,

Tyll (he have foufed hym vp.

Vol. I.

A man of lawe.
That neuer fawe.

The wayes to bye and fell,
Wenyng to ryfe.
By marchaundife,

I wi(h to fpede hym well,
A marchaunt eke.
That wyll goo feke.

By all the meanes he may,
To fall in fute,
Tyll he difpute.

His money cleane away,
Pletyng the lawe.
For euery ftrawe.

Shall proue a thrifty man,
With bate and ftrifc,
But by my life,

I cannot tell you whan.
Whan an hatter
Wyll go fmattcr

In philofophy.
Or a pedlar.
Ware a medlar.

In theology.
All that enfufc,
Suche craftes new.

They driue fo farre a caft,
That euermore.
They do therfore,

Befhrewe themfelfe at laft.
This thing^was tryed
And verefyed.

Here by a fergeaunt late.

[i]

That thriftly was.
Or he coulde pas,

Rapped about the pate,
Whyle that he would
See how he could,

A little play the frere :
Now yf you wyll,
Knowe how it fyll,

Take hede and ye (hall here.
It happed fo.
Not long ago,

A thrifty man there dyed.
An hundred pounde.
Of nobles rounde.

That had he layd a fide :
His fonne he wolde.
Should haue this golde.

For to beginne with all :
But to fuffife
His chylde, well thrife.

That money was to fmal.
Yet or this day
1 have hard fay.

That many a man certefle,
Hath with good cafl,
Be ryche at laft.

That hath begonne with lefle.
But this yonge manne,
So well beganne,

His money to imploy.
That certainly.
His policy.

To fee it was a joy.

For

THE HISTORY OF THE

For left fum blaft,
Myght ouer raft.

His (hip, or by mifchauncc,
Men with fum wile,
Myght hym begyle.

And mini(h his fubftaunce,
For to put out.
All mancr dout.

He made a good puruay.
For euery whyt.
By his owne wyr,

And toke an other way :
Firft fayrc and wele,
Therof much dele.

He dygged it in a pot,
But then him thought.
That way was nought.

And there he left it not.
So was he faine.
From thence agayne.

To put it in a cup.
And by and by,
Couetoufly,

He fupped it fayre vp.
In his owne brcft.
He thought it bcft.

His money to cnclofe,
Therv wift he well,
"What euer fell,

He coulde it neuer lofe.
He borrowed then,
Of other men,

Money and marchaundife :
Neuer payd it.
Up he laid it.

In like maner wyfe.
Yet on the gere.
That he would were,'

He reight not what he fpent.
So it were nyce.
As for the price.

Could him not mifcontent.
"With lufty fporte,
And with rclort,

Of ioly company,
In mirth and play.
Full many a day.

He liU'.d merely.
And men had fworne.
Some man is borne.

To haue a lucky howre.
And fo was he.
For fuch dcgrc,

He gat and fuche honour.
That without dour,
"Whan he went our, ^

A fergcaunt well and fayrc,

Was redy ftrayte.
On him to wayte.

As fone as on the mayre.
But he doubtlefTe,
Of his mckcnefrc.

Hated fuch pompc and pride.
And -would not go,
Companicd fo.

But drewe himfelf a fide.
To faint Kaiharin?,
Strei^ as a line.

He gate him at a tyde.
For deuocion.
Or promocion.

There would he nedcs abyde.
There fpent he f^ft,
Till all were paft.

And to him came there meny.
To afke theyr debt.
But none could get.

The valour of a peny.
With vifage ftout,
He bare it our,

Euen vnto the harde hedge,
A month or twaine,
Tyll he was fayne.

To lay his gowne to pledge.
Than was he there.
In greater feare.

Than ere that he came thither.
And would as fayne.
Depart againe.

But that he wift not whither.
Than after this.
To a frende of his,

He went and there abode,
Where as he lay.
So fick alway.

He myght not come abrcde.
It happed than,
A marchaunt man.

That he ought money tro.
Of an officere,
That gan enquere.

What him was bcft to do.
And he anfwerde.
Be not aferde.

Take an accion thcrfore,
I you belicrte,
I ftiall hym rcfte.

And than carc for no more.
I feare qviod he.
It wyll not be.

For he wyll not come out.
The fergc,!unt faid.
Be not afra\d.

It ftiall be brought about.

In many a game,
Lyke to the fame,

Haue I bene well in vre.
And for your fake.
Let me be bake.

But yf I do this cure.
Thus part they both.
And foorth then goth,.

A pace this officere.
And for a day.
All his array.

He chaunged with a frcre.
So was he dight,
That no man might,

Hym for a frere deny.
He doppcd and dooked.
He fp>ike and looked.

So religioofly.
Yet in a glafle.
Or he would pafie.

He toted and he peered,'
His harte for pryde,
Lepte in his fyde.

To fee how well he freeied.
Than forth a pace.
Unto the place.

He goeth withouten ftiame
To do this dede.
But now take hede.

For here begynneth the game.
He drew hym ny.
And foftely,

Streyght at the dore he knocked :
And a damfeil,
That hard hym well.

There came and it vnlocked.
The frere fayd.
Good fpede fayre mayd.

Here lodgeth fuch a man,
It is told me :
Well fyr quod flie.

And yf he do what than.
Qiiod he mayftrefTe,
No harm doutieffe :

It longeth for our order.
To liurt no man.
But as we can,

Euery wight to forder.
With hym truly,
Fayne fpeake would I.

Sir quod flie by my fay.
He is fo fike.
Ye be not lyke.

To fpeake with hym to day.
Qiiod he fayrc may.
Yet I you prjy.

This muclr at my defire,

Vcucliefafc

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

Vouchefafe to do,
As go hym to.

And fay an auften frere
Would with hym Tpeke,
And matters breake.

For his auayle certayn.
Quod fhe I wyll,
Stonde ye here ftyll,

Tyll 1 come dovvne agayn.
Vp is (he go.
And told hym fo,

As fhe was bode to fay.
He miftruftyng,
No maner thyng,

Sayd mayden go thy way.
And fetch him hyder.
That we togyder.

May talk. A downe (he goth
Vp fhe hym brought.
No harme (he thought.

But it made fome foike wrothe,
This officere.
This fayned frere.

Whan he was come aloft,
He dopped than,
And grece this man,

Religioudy and oft.
And he agayn,
Ryght glad and fayn,

Toke hym there by the hande.
The frere than fayd.
Ye be difmayd.

With trouble I underllande.
In dede quod he.
It hath with me,

Bene.better than it is.
Syr quod the frere.
Be of good cherr.

Yet (hall it after this.
But I would now,
Comen with you,

In counfayle yf you pleafe,
Or ellys nac
Of matters that.

Shall fet your heart at cafe.
Downe went the mayd.
The marchauni fayd.

No fay on gentle frere,
Of thys tydyng.
That ye me bryng,

I tong full fore to here.
Whan there was none,
But they alone,
The frere with cuyll gracp,

Sayd, I reft the.
Come on with me.

And out he toke his mace :
Thou (halt obay.
Come on thy way,

I have the in my douche.
Thou goeft not hence.
For all the penfe

The mayre hath in his pouche.
This marchaunt there.
For wrath and fere,.

He waxyng welnygh wood,
Sayd horlbn thefe,
Witli a mifchefc.

Who hach taught thee thy good.
And with his filb,
Vpon the lyft,
e. He gaue hym fuch a blow.
That backward downe,
Almoft in fowne.

The frere is ouerthrow.
Yet was this man.
Well fearder than.

Left he the frere had flayne.
Till with good rappes.
And heuy clappes.

He dawde hym vp agayne.
The frere toke harte.
And vp he ftarte.

And well he layde about,
And fo there goth,
Bctwene them both.

Many a lufty clout.
They rent and tcre,
Eche others here.

And claue togyder faft,
Tyll with luggyng.
And with tuggyng.

They fell downe bothe at laft.
Than on the grounde,
Togyder rounde.

With many a fadde ftroke.
They roll and rumble.
They turne and tumble.

As pygges do in a poke.
So long aboue.
They heus and (houe,

Togider that at laft.
The mayd and wyfc.
To breake the ftrife,

Hyed ihem vpward fafl-.
And whan they fpye,
The captaynes lye.

Both wahring on the place.

The freres hood.
They pulled a good,

Adowne about his face.
Whyle he was blynde.
The wenche behynde.

Lent him leyd on'^he flore,
M;'.ny a ioule.
About the noule.

With a great batyldore.
The wyfe came yet.
And with her fete.

She holpe to kepe him downe.
And with her rocke.
Many a knocke.

She gaue hym on the crowne.
They layd his mace.
About his face.

That he was wood for payne :
The fryre frappe,
Gate many a fwappe,

Tyll he was full nygh flayne.
Vp they hym life.
And with yll thrift,

Hedlyng a long the ftayre,
Downe they hym threwe.
And fayde adewe,

Commcnde us to the mayre.
The frere arofe.
But I fuppofe,

Amafed was his hed.
He Pnoke his eares.
And from grcte feares.

He thought hym well yfled.
Qiiod he now loft.
Is all this coft.

We be neuer the nere.
Ill mote he be.
That caufcd me.

To make my felf a frere.
Now mafters all.
Here now I ftiall,

Ende there as I began.
In any wyfe,
1 would auyfe.

And counfayle euery man,
His owne craft vfe.
All newe rcfufe.

And lyghtly let them gone:
Play not the frere.
Now make good chere.

And welcome euerych one.

[ij 2

A ruful

THE HISTORY OF THE

A ruful lamentacion (writcn by maftcr Thomas
More in his youth) of the dcth of quene Elifa-
beth mother to king Henry the eight, wife to
king Henry the feucnth, and the cldeft doughter
to king Edward the fourih, which quene Elifa-
bcth dyed in childbed in February in the yere of
our Lord 1503, and in the 18 yere of the raigne
of king Henry the feucnth.

/^ Y li that put your truft and confidence,

^^ In worldly ioy and frayle profperiie.

That fo lyue here as ye (hould neuer hence,

Remember death and loke here vppon me.

Enfaumple I thynke there may no better be.

Your felfc wottc well that in this realme was T,

Your quene but late, and lo now here I lye.
Was I not borne of olde worthy linage ?

Was not my mother quecne my father kyng ?

Was I not a kinges fere in marriage ?

Had I not plenty of euery plcafaunt thyng ?

Mercifull god this is a ftraunge reckenyng :

Rychcffc-, honour, welth, and aunceftry.

Hath me forfaken and lo now here I ly.

If worfhip myght haue kept me, I had not gone.

If wyt myght haue me faued, I neded not fere.

If money myght haue holpe, I lacked none.

But O good God what vayleth all this gere.

When dtth is come thy mighty mefTangcre,

Obey we muft there is no remedy.

Me hath he fommoned, and lo now here I ly.
Yet was I late promifed otherwyfe.

This yere to liue in welth and delice.

Lo where to commeth thy blandifhyng promyfe,

O falfe aftrolagy and deuynatrice.

Of goddes fecretes makyng thy felfe fo wyfe.

How true is for this yere thy prophecy.

The yere yet lafteth, and lo now here I ly.
O bryttil welth, as full of bitternefle.

Thy fingle pleafure doubled is with payne.

Account my forow firft and my diftrefTe,
In fondry wyfe, and recken there agayne.
The ioy that I haue had, and I dare fayne.
For all my honour, endured yet haue ly,
More wo than welth, and lo now here 1 ly.

Where are our cartels, now where are our towers.
Goodly Rychmonde foiie arc thi)U gone from me,
Al Weftminfter that coftly worke of yours,
Myne owne derc lorde now (hall I neuer fee.
Almighty god vouchefafe to graunt that ye.
For you and your children well may edety.
My paly.e bylded is, and lo now here I ly.

Adew myne owne dcre fpoufe my worthy lorde,
The faithfull loue, that dyd vs both combyne.
In mariagc and peafable concorde.
Into your han.ies here 1 clcane refyne.
To be beftowed vppon your children and myne.
Erft wer you father, and now muft ye fupply.
The mothers part alfo, for lo now here 1 ly.

Farewell my doughter lady Margerete.
God wotce full oft it greucd huh my mynde,
That ye fliould go where we fliould feldome metCt
Now am 1 gone, and haue left you behynde.
O mortall folke that we be very blyndc.
That we leaft feare, full oft it is moft nyc.
From you depart I fyrft, and lo now here I ly.

Farewell Madame my lordes worthy mother.
Comfort your fonne, and be ye of good chere.
Take all a worth, for it will be no nother.
Farewell my doughter Katherine late the fere,
To prince Arthur myne owne chyld fo dere.
It booteth not for me to wepe or cry.
Pray for my foule, for lo now here I ly.

Adew lord Henry my louyng fonne adew.
Our lorde encreafe your honour and eftate,
Adew my doughter Mary bright of hew,
God make you vertuous wyfe and fortunate.
Adew fwete hart my litle doughter Kate,
Thou (halt fwete babe fuche is thy defteny.
Thy mother neuer know, for lo now here I ly.

Lady Cicyly Anne and Katheryne,
Farewell my welbeloved fillers three,

0 lady Briget other fifter myne,

Lo here thcende of worldly vanitee.
Now well are ye that earthly foly fiee.
And heuenly thynges loue and magnify.
Farewell and pray for me, for lo now here I ly,

A dew my lordes, a dew my ladies all,
A dew my faithful feruauntes euerych one,
A dew my commons whom 1 neuer fliall,
See in this world wherfore to the alone.
Immortal! god verely three and one,

1 me conimende. Thy infinite mercy.
Shew to thy feruant, for lo now here I ly.

Certain meters in Englilh written by mafter Thomas
More in hys youth for the boke of fortune, and
caufed them to be printed in the begynnyng of
that boke.

The wordes of Fortune to the people.

TV/TINE high eftate power and audtoritie,
■^ ■*■ If \e ne know, enferche and ye (hall fpye.
That riche{re, worfhip, welth, and dignirie,
Joy, reft, and peace, and all thyng fynally.
That any pleafure or profit may come by.
To mannes comfort, ayde, and fuftinaunce.
Is all at my deuyfe and ordinaunce.

Without my fauour there is nothyng wonne.
Many a matter haue I brought at laft,
To good conckifion, that fondly was begonne.
And many a purpofe, bounden fure and taft
With wife prouifion, I haue ouercaft.
Without good happe there may no wit fufEfe.
Better is to be fortunate than wyfe.

And

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

And therefore hath there fome men bene or this.
My deadly foes and written many a boke.
To my diiprayfe. And other caufe there nys.
But for me hft not fiendly on them loke.
Thus lyke the fox they fare that once iorfoke,
The pleafaunt grapes, and gan for to defy them,
Becaufe he Icpt and yet could not come by them.

But let them write thcyr labour is in vayne.
For well ye wote, myrth, honour, and ticheffe.
Much better is than penury and payne.
The nedy wretch that iihgereth in diftrefle.
Without myne helpe is euer comfortlefle,
A wery burden odious and loth.
To all the world, and eke to him felfe both.

But he that by my fauour may afcende.
To mighty power and excellent degree,
A common wele to gouerne and dcfendc,
O in how blift condition ftandeth he:
Him felf in honour and fclicite,
And ouer that, may forther and increafe,
A region hole in ioyfull reft and peace.

Now in this poynt there is no more to fay,
Eche man hath of him fclf the gouernaunce.
Let euery wight than folowe his owne way.
And he that out of pouertee and mifchaunce.
Lift for to liue, and wyll him fclfe cnhaunce.
In wealth and richefle, come forth and wayie on

me.
And he that wyll be a beggar, let hym be.

Thomas More to them that truft in Fortune.

'T'HOU that art prowde of honour (hape or kynne,
"*• That hepeft vp this wretched worldes treafure.
Thy fingers ftirined with gold, thy tawny fkynne.
With freftj apparyle garnilhed out of meafure.
And weneft to haue fortune at thy plcafure,
Caft vp thyne eye, and loke how flipper chaunce,
llludeth her men with chaunge and varyaunce.

Sometyme ftie lokcth as louely fayre and bright,
As goodly Ucnus mother of Cupydc.
She becketh and ftie fmileth on eucry wight.
But this chere fayned, may not long abide.
There comcth a cloude, and farewell all our pryde.
Like any ferpcnt ftie beginneth to fwell.
And looketh as fierce as any fury of hell.

Yet for all that we brotle men are fayne,
(So wretched is our nature and fo blynde)
As foone as Fortune lift to laugh agayne,
With fayre countenaunce and difceitfull mynde.
To crouche and knele and gape after the wynde.
Not one or twayne but thoufandes in a rout,
Lyke fwarmyng bees come flickeryng her aboute.

Then as a bayte ftie bryngeth forth her ware,
Siluer, gold, riche perle, and precious ftone;
On whiche the mated people gafe and ftare.
And gape therefore, as dogges doe for the bone,
l^criune ac them laughctb, and in her trone

Amyd her treafure and waueryng rychefle,
Prowdly ftie houeth as lady and emprefic.

Faft by her fyde doth wery labour ftand.
Pale fere alfo, and forow all bewept,
Difdayn and hatred on the other hand.
Eke reftles watchefro flepe with trauayle kept.
His eyes drowfy and lokyng as he flept.
Before her ftandeth daunger and enuy.
Flattery, dyfceyt, mifchitfe and tiranny.

About her commeth all the world to begge.
He afl<e:h lande, and he to pas would bryng.
This toye and that, and all not worth an cgge:
He would in loue profper aboue all thyng:
He kneleth downe and would be made a kyng:
He forceth not fo he may money haue,
Though all the worlde accompt hym for a knauc.

Lo thus ye fee diucrs heddes, diuers wittes.
Fortune alone as diuers as they all,
Vnftable here and there among them flittesr
And at auenture downe her giftcs fall.
Catch who fo may ftie throweth great and fmall
Not to all men, as commeth fonne or dewe.
But for the moft part, all among a fewe.

And yet her brotell giftes long may not laft.
He that ftiegaue them, loketh prowde and hyc.
She whirlth about and pluckth away as faft.
And geueth them to an other by and by.
And thus from man to man continually.
She vfeth to geue and take, and flily tofle.
One man to wynnyng of an others lofte.

And when ftie robbeth one, down goth his pryde.
He wepeth and wayleth and curfeth her full fore.
But he that receueth it, on that other fyde.
Is glad, and blefth her often tymes therefore.
But in a whyle when ftie loueth hym no more»
She glydeth from hym, and her giftes to.
And he her curfeth, as other fooles do.

Alas the folyfti people can not ceafe,
Ne voyd her trayne, tyll they the harme do fele.
About her alway, befely they preace.
But lord how he doth thynk hym felf full wele.
That may fct once his hande vppon her whele.
He holdeth faft: but vpward as he flieth.
She whippeth her whele about, and there he lyeth.

Thus fell Julius from his mighty power.
Thus fell Darius the worthy kyng of Perfe.
Thus fell Alexander the great conquerour.
Thus many mo then I may well reherfe.
Thus double fortune, when flie lyft reuerfe
Her flipper fauour fro them that in her truft.
She fieeth her wey and leyeth them in the duft.

She fodeinly enhaunceth them aloft.
And fodeynly mifcheueth all the flocke.
The head that late lay eafily and full loft.
In ftede of pylows lyeth after on the blocke.
And yet alas the moft crucll proude mocker
1 he deynty mowth that ladyes kifled haue.
She bryngeth in the cafe to kyCfe a knaue.

In

THE HISTORY OF THE

In chaungyngof her courfe, the chaunge {hcwth
tRis,
Vp ftartth a knaue, and downe there faith a knight,
The beggar ryche, and the ryche man pore is.
Hatred is turned to loue, loue to defpyght.
This is her fporr, thus proueth fhe her myght.
Great bode flie maketh yf one be by her pov/cr,
Wclthy and wretched both within an howre.

I'oucrtec that of her giftcs wyl nothing take,
"Wyth mery chere, looketh vppon the prece.
And feeth how fortunes houlhold goeth to wrake.
Faft by her ftandeth the wyfe Socrates,
Arriftippus, Pythagoras, and many a Icfe,
Of olde philofophcrs. And eke agaynft the fonnc
Btrkyth hym poors Diogenes in his tonne.

With her is Byas, whofe countrey lackt defence,
And whylom of their foes ftode fo in dout.
That eche man hartely gan to cary thence.
And afked hym why he nought caryed out.
1 bere quod he all myne with me about:
Wiledom he ment, not fortunes brotle fees.
For nought he counted his that he might leefe.

Heraclitus eke, lyft felowfliip to kepe
With glad pouertee, Democritus alio:
Of which the fyrfl: can neuer ceafe but wepe,
To fee how thick the blynded people go,
"With labour great to purchafe care and wo.
That other laughcth to fee the foolyfh apes,
How earneftly they walk about theyr capes.

Of this poore fcft, it is comen vfage,
Onely to take that nature may foftayne,
Binilhing cleane all other furplufage.
They be content, and of nothyng complayne.
No nygarde eke is of his good lo fayne.
But they more ple^fure haue a thoufande folde,
'1 he i'ecrete draughtes of nature to beholde.

Set fortunes lervauntes by them and ye wull,
Ti.at one is free, that other euer thrall.
That one content, that other neuer full,
'I'hat one in furetye, that other lyke to fall.
"Who lyrt to adiiile them bothe, parceyue he (hall.
As great difference between them as we fee,
Betv.ixte wretchcdnes and fciicite.

No.ve haue I fhewed you bothe: thefe whiche ye

lyft.

Stately fortune, or humble poucrtec:
That is to fay, nowe lyeth it in your fyft.
To take here bondag'e, or free liberiee.
But in thys poynte and ye do after me,
Dr.iw you to fortune, and labour her to pleafe,
If that ye thynke your fclfe to well at eafe.

And fyrft vppon the louely (hall (he fmile,
And frcndlv on the caft her wandering eyes
Embrace the in her armes, and for a whyle,
Put the and kepe the in a foolcs paradifc:
And foorth with all whit fo thou lyft deuife.
She wyll the graunt it liberally perhappes :
But for all that beware of after clappcs.

Recken you neuer of her fauoure fure:
Ye may in clowds as eafily trace an hare.
Or in drye lande caufe fiflies to endure.
And make the burnyng fyrc his hcate to fpare.
And all thys worlde in compace to forfare,
As her to make by craft or engine (lable.
That of her nature is euer variable.

Serue her day and nyght as reuerently,
Vppon thy knees as any feru^unt may.
And in conclufion, that thou flialt winne thereby
Shall not be worth thy fervyce I dare fay.
And looke yet what Ihe geueth the lo day.
With labour wonne (he (hall happly to morow
Plucke it agayne out of thyne hand with forow.

Wherefore yf thou in furetye lyft to ftande.
Take pouerties parte and let prowde fortune go-,
Receyue nothyng that commeth from her hande.
Loue maner and vertue: they be onely tho.
Whiche double fortune may not take the fro.
Then may ft th6u boldly defye her turnyng chaunce :
She can the neyther hynder nor auaunce.

But and thou wylt nedes medie with her treafure/
Truft not therein, and fpende it liberally.
-Beare the not proude, nor take not out of meafure.
Bylde not thyne houfe on heyth vp in the (kye.
Nonne falleth farre, but he that climbeth hye.
Remember nature fent the hyther bare.
The gyftes of fortune count them borowed ware.

Thomas More to them that fcke Fortune.
\

WHO {o delyteth to prouen and aCfay,
Of waveryng fortune the vncertayne lot,
If that the aunfwere pleafe you not alway.
Blame ye not tne: for I commaunde you nor.
Fortune to truft, and eke full well ye vvor,
I haue of her no brydle in my lift,
She rcnneth loofe, and turnetn where (lie lyft.

TheroUyngdyfe inwhomeyourluckedothltande.
With whole vnhappy chaunce ye be fo wroth.
Ye knowe your felfe came neuer in myne hande.
Lo in rjiis ponde be fydie and frogges both.
Caft in your nette : but be you liefe or lotiie.
Hold you content as fortune lyft ailyne:
For it is your owne fylhyng and not myne.

And though in one chaunce fortune you oftcnd.
Grudge not there at, but beare a mery face.
In many an other Ihe (hall it amende.
There is no manne fo farre out of her grace.
But he Ibmetyme hath comfort and folace:
Ne none agayne fo farre foorth in her fauour.
That is full fatisfyed with her behauiour.

Fortune is llately, folemne, prowde, and hye:
And rychelTe geueth, to haue feruyce therefore.
The nedy begger catcheth an halfpeny.
Some manne a thoufande pounde, fome lefie feme

more.
But for all chat (he kepcth euer in (lore.

From

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

From euery manne fome parcell of his wyl!.
That he may pray therfore and ferue her ftyll.

Some manne hath good, but-chyldren hath he
none.
Some manne hath both, but he can get none health.
Some hath al thre, but vp to honours trone,
Can he not crepe, by no maner of ftelth.
'J"o fome fhe fendt-ih, children, ryches, welthe.
Honour, woorfhyp, and reuerence all hys lyfe:
But yet fhe pynchech hym with a fhrewde wyfe.

Then for afmuch as it is fortunes guyfe.
To graunt to manne all thyng that he wyll axe.
But as her felfe lyft order and deuyfe,
Toth eucry manne his parte diuide and tax,
1 counlayle you eche one trufTe vp your packes.
And take no thyng at all, or be content.
With fnche rcvvarde as fortune hath you fent.

All thynges in this boke that ye fhall rede.
Doe as ye lyft, there Jhall no manne you bynde.
Them to beleue, as furely as your crede.
But notwithltandyng certes in my mynde,
I durft well fwere, as true ye (hall them fynde.
In euery poynt eche anfwere by and by.
As are the iudgementes of aftronomye.

R'

The Defcripcion of Richard the thirde.

ICHARDE the third fonne, of whom we
nowe entrcate, was in witte and courige egall
with cither of ihem, in bodye and prowefle farre
vnder them bothe, little of ftature, ill fetured of
limmes, croke backed, his left (boulder much
higher than his right, hard fauoured of vifage, and
fuch as is in ftates called warlye, in other menne
otherwife, he was malicious, wrathfull, cnuious,
and from afore his binh, euer frowarde. It is for
trouth reported, that the duches his mother had fo
much a doe in her trauaile: that fhee coulde not
bre deliuered of hym vncutte, and that he came
into the world with the feete forwarde, as menne
bee borne outwarde, and (as the fame runneth) alfo
not vntothed, whither menne of hatred reporte
aboue the trouthe, or elles that nature chaungcd
her courfe in hys beginninge, whiche in the courfe
of his lyfe many thinges vnnaturallye committed.
None euill captaine was hce in the warre, as to
whiche his difpoficion was more metcly then for
peace. Sundrye viftories hadde hee, and fomme-
time ouerthrowes, but neuer in defaulte as for his
owne parfone, either of hardineffe or polytike order,
free was hee called of dyfpence, and fommcwhat
aboue hys power liberall, with large giftes hee get
him vnftedfarte frendelhippe, for whiche hee was
fain to pil and fpoyle in other places, and get him
p ...u a t-ijtrt-d, Hee was dole and fecrete, a deepe
< T, lowlye of'couiiteynaunce, arrogant of

heart, outwardly coumpinable where he inwardf ly

hated, not letting to kifle whome he thoughte to
k\l!: difpitious and crucll, not for euill will alway,
but after for ainbicion, and either for the I'uretie arvd
encreafe of his eftate. Frende and foo was muche
what indificrent, where his aduauntage grew, he
fpared no mans deathe, whofe life withltoode his
purpofe. He flewe with his owne handes king
Henry the fixt, being piiloner in the Tower, as
menne ccnftantly fayc, and that without com-
maundemcnt or knoweledge of the king, whiche
woulde vndoubtedly yf he had entended thatthinge^
haue appointed that boocherly office, to foirie other
then his owne borne brother.

Somme wife menne alfo weene, that his drift
couertly conuayde, lacked not in helping furth his
brother of Clarence to his death: whiche hee refifted
openly, howbcit fomwhat (as menne deme) more
faintly then he that wer hartely minded to his
welth. And they that thus dcnic, think that he
long time in king Edwardes life, forethought to be
king in that cafe the king his brother (whole life
hee looked that euil dyete Ihoulde (horten) flioulde
happen to deceafe (as in dede he did) while his
children wer yonge. And thci deme, that for thys
intente he was gladde of his brothers death the
duke of Clarence, whofe life muft nedes haue hin-
dered hym (o entendynge, whither the fame duke
of Clarence hadde kepte him, true to his nephew
the yonge king, or enterprifed to be kyng him-
felfe. But of al this pointe, is there no certain tie,
and whofo diuineih vppon conicdhures, maye as wel
fliote to farre as to fliort. Howbcit this h -ue I by
credible informacion learned, that the felfe nighte
in whiche kynge Edwarde died, one Myftlebrooke
longe ere mornynge, came in greate hafte to the
houle of one Pottyer dwellyng in Reddecroffe ftrete
without Crepulgate : and when he was with haftye
rappyng quickly Ictten in, hee fhcwed vnto P?ttyer
that kynge Edwarde was departed. By my trouthe
mjfhne quod Pettier then wyll my mayfter the duke
of Gloucefter bee kynge. What caufe hee hailde foo
to thynke hirde it is to faye, whyther hce being to-
ward him, anye thynge knewe that hee fuche tnynge
purpofed, or otherwyfe had anye inkclyngc thereof:
for hce was not likelye to fpeake it of noughte.

But nowe to recurne to the courfe of this hyftorye,
were it that the duke of Gloucefter hadde of old
fore-minded this conclufion, or was nowe at erfte
thereunto moued, and putte in hope by the occa-
fion of the tender age of the younge princes, his
nephues (as opportunitye and lykcly hoode of fpede,
putteth a manne in cdurage of -that hee neuer en-
tended) certayn is it that hee contriued theyr de-
ftruccion, with the vfurpacion of the regal dig-
nitye vppon hymfelfe. And for as muche as hee
well wifte and holpe to mayntayn, a long continued
grudge and hearce brennyngc bccwcnc the quenes
5 kinrpd

'THE HISTORY OF THE

kinred and the kinges blood eyther partye enuying
others authorityc, he nowe thought that their dc-
uifion ihoulde bee (as it was in dcdc) a fortherlye
begynnynge to the purfuite of his intente, and a
lure ground for the foundacion of al his building
yf he might firlle vnder the pretext of reucngynge
of olde diipleafure, abufe the anger and ygnorauncc
of the tone partie, to the deftruccion of the tother:
and then vvynne to this purpofe as manye as he
coulde: and thofe that coulde not be wonne, myght
be lode ere they looked therefore. For of one
thynge was hee certayne, that if his entente were
perceiued, he fhold loone haue made peace bee-
twene the bothe parties, with his owne bloude.

Kyngc Edwarde in his life, albeit that this dif-
cencion beetwene hys frendes fommewhat yrked
hym : yet in his good healthe he fommewhat the
Icflc regarded it, becaufe hee thought whatfocuer
bufines fliouldc falle betwene them, hymfelfe
Ihould alwaye bee hable to rule bothe the parties.

But in his laft ficknefie, when hee receiued his
natural! ftrengthe foo fore cnfebled, that hee dyf-
payred all recouerye, then hee confyderynge the
youthe of his chyldren, albeit hee nothynge lefle
miftrufted then that that happened, yet well for-
fcynge that manye harmes myghtc growe by theyr
debate, whyle the youth of hys children ihoulde
lackc difcrecion of themfclf, and good counfayle of
their frendes, of whiche either party (hold coun-
fayle for their owne commodity and rather byplea-
faunte aduyfe toowynne themfelfe fauour, then by
profitable aduertifemente to do the children good,
he called fome of them before him that were at
variaunce, and in efpecyall the lorde marques Dor-
fette the quenes fonne by her fyrlle houfebande,
and Richarde the lorde Haftynges, a noble man,
than lorde chaumberlayne agayne whome the quene
fpecially grudged, for the great fauoure the kyng
bare hym, and alio for that ihee thoughte hym fe-
cretclye familyer with the kyngc in wanton coom-
panye. Her kynred alio bare hym fore, as well
for that the kynge hadde made hym captayne of
Calyce (whiche oflke the lorde Ryuers, brother to
the quene, claimed of the kinges former promyfe)
as for diuerfe other great giftes whiche hee receyued,
that they loked for. \Vhen thefe lordes with di-
ueiTc other of bothe the parties were comaie in
prefence, the kynge liftinge vppe himfelfe and
vnderfettc with pillowcs, as it is reported on this
wyfe fayd vnto them, My iordcs, my dere kinf-
menne and alies, in what plighte I lye you fee, and
I feele. By whiche the lelTc whyle I lookc to
lyue with you, the more depelye am I moued to
care in what cafe I leaue you, for fuch as 1 leauve
you, fuche bee my children lyke to fynde you.
"Whiche if they (houlde (that Godde forbydde)
fynde you at varyaunce, myght happe to fall thtm-

felfe at warrc ere their difcrecion woulde ferue to
fette you at peace. Ye fee their youthe, of whiche
I recken the onely furetie to refte in youre con-
cord. For it fuffifeth not that al you loue them,
yf eche of you hate other. If they wer menne,
your faithfulneffe happelye woulde fuflife. But
childehood mull be maintained by mens authoritye,
and flipper youth vnderpropped with elder coun-
fayle, which neither they can haue, but ye geue it,
nor ye geue it, yf ye gree not. For wher eche la-
boureth to breake that the other maketh, and for
hatred of eche of others parfon, impugneth eche
others counfayle, there muft it nedes bee long ere
anye good conclufion goe forwarde. And alfo
while either partye laboureth to be chiefe, flattery
(hall haue more place then plaine and faithful! ad-
uyfe, of whyche mufte needes enfue the euyll bring-
ing vppe of the prynce, whofe mynd in tender
youth infedl, (hal redily fal to mifchief and riot, and
drawe down with this noble relme to ruine: but if
grace turn him to wifdom, which if God fend,
then thei that by euill menes before pleafed him
beft, (hal after fall fartheft out of fauour, fo that
cuer at length euil driftes dreue to nought, and
good plain wayes profper. Great variaunce hath
ther long bene betwene you, not alway for great
caufes. Sometime a thing right wel intended, our
mifconftruccion turneth vnto worfe or a fmal dif-
pleafure done vs, eyther our owne affeccion or euil
tongues agreueth. But this wote I well ye neucr
had fo great caufe of hatred, as ye have of loue.
That we be al men, that we be chrillen men, this
(hall I leave for prechers to tel you (and yet 1 wote
nere whither any prechers wordes ought more to
nioue you, then his that is by and by gooyng to
the place that thei all preache of.) But this (hal I
defire you to remember, that the one parte of you
is of my bloode, the other of myne alies, and eche
of yow with other, eyther of kinred or afhnitie,
which fpirytuall kynred of affynyty, if the facra-
mentes of Chriftes churche, beare that weyghte
with vs that would Godde thei did, flioulde no
IcfTe moue vs to charitye, then the refpeifle of
fleihlye confanguinitye. Oure Lorde forbydde, that
you loue together the worfe, for the felfe caufe that
you ought to loue the better. And yet that hap-
pcneth. And no where fynde wee fo deadlye de-
bate, as amonge them, whyche by nature and lawe
moltc oughte to agree together. Such a peftilcntc
ferpente is ambicion and defyre of vainc glorye and
foueraintye, whiche amonge ftatcs where he once
entreth crepeth foorth fo farre, tyll with deuifion
and variaunce hee turneth all to mifchiefe. Firfte
longing to be nexte the befl, aftcrwarde egall with
the belle, and at lafte chiefe and aboue the befte.
Of which immoderate appetite of woorfliip, and
thereby of debate and diflencion what lofle, what

Ibrowe,

ENGLISH LANGUA^^

E.

forowe, what trouble hathe within thefe feweyeares
growen in this realme, I praye Godde as wel for-
geate as wee wel remember.

Whiche thinges yf I coulde as wel haue forefene,
as I haue with my more payne then pleafure proucd,
by Goddes bleffed Ladk (that was euer his bthe)
1 woulde neuer haue won the courtefye of mennes
knees, with the lofle of foo many heades. But fithen
thynges pafled cannot be gaine called, muche oughte
wee the more beware, by what occafion we haue
taken foo greate hurte afore, that we eftefoones fall
not m that occafion agayne. Nowe be thofe griefes
pafled, and all is (Godde be thanked) quiete, and
Jikelie righte wel to profper in wealthfull peace
vnder youre cofeyns my children, if Godde fende
them life and you loue. Of whiche twoo thinges,
the lefTe lofle wer they by whome thoughe Godde
dydde hys pleafure, yet fhoulde the realme alway
finde kinges and paraducnture as good kinges. But
yf you among your felfe in a childcs reygne fall at
debate, many a good man fhall perifli and happcly
he to, and ye to, ere thys land finde peace again.
VVherfore in thefe lafl: wordes that euer 1 looke to
fpeak with you : 1 exhort you and require you al,
for the loue that you haue euer borne to me, for
the loue that I haue euer borne to you, for the loue
that our Lord beareth to vs all, from this time for-
warde, all grieues forgotten, eche of you loue
other. Whiche I verelye trufte you will, if ye any
thing earthly regard, either Godde or your king,
affinitie or kinrcd, this realme, your owne coun-
trey, or your owne furcty. And therewithal the
king no longer enduring to fitte vp, laide him
down on his right fide, his face towarde them: and
none was there prefent that coulde refrain from
weping. But the lordcs recomforting him with as
good wordes as they could, and anfwcring for the
time as thei thought to ftand with his pleafure,
there in his prefence (as by their wordes appercd)
eche forgaue other, and ioyned their hands toge-
ther, when (as it after appeared by their dedes)
their hearcs wer far a fonder. As fone as the king
was departed, the noble prince his fonne drew to-
ward London, which at the time of his deceafe,
kept his houfliold at Ludlow in Wales. Which
countrey being far of from the law and recourfe to
iuftice, was begon to be farre cute of good wyll
and waxen wild, robbers and riucrs walking at li-
bcrtic vncorreded. And for this encheafon the
prince was in the life of his father fcnte thither, to
the cnde that the authoritie of his prefence fliould
refraine euill difpofed parfons fro the holdnes of
their former outerages, to the gouernaunce and or-
dering of this yong prince at his fending thyther,
was there appointed Sir Anthony Woduile lord
Kiucrs and brother vnto the quene, a right ho-
nourable man, as valiaunte of hande as politike in

Vol. 1.

counfaylc Adioyned wer there vnto him other of
the fame partie, and in effcft euery one as he was
nereft of kin vnto the quene, fo was planted next
about the prince. That drifte by the quene not
vnvvifely deuifed, whereby her bloode mighte of
youth be rooted in the princes fauour, the duke of
Gloucefler turned vnto their defl:ruccion, and vpon
that groLinde fet the foundacion of all his vnhappy
building. For whom foeuer he perceiued, either
at variance wi?h them, or bearing himfelf their fauor,
hee brake vnto them, forne by mouth, fom by
writing or fecret melfengers, that it neyther was
reafon nor in any wife to be fuffered, that the yong
king their mafl:cr and kinfmanne, (hoold bee in the
handcs and cuftodye of his mothers kinred, fe-
quefl:red in maner from theyr compani and at-
tendance, of which eueri one ought him as faith-
ful fcruice as they, and manye of them far more
honorable part of kin then his mothers fide :
whofe blood (quod he) fauing the kinges pleafure,
was ful vnmetely to be matched with his; whiche
nowe to be as who fay remoued from the kyng,
and the leflTe noble to be left aboute him, is (quod
he) neither honorable to hys magefl:ie, nor vnto
V5, and alfo to his grace no furety to haue the
niightieftof his frendes from him, and vnto vs no
little ieopardy, to fuffer our welproued cuil willers,
to grow in ouergret authoritie with the prince in
youth, namely which is lighte of beliefe and fone
perfvvadcd. Ye remember 1 trow king Edward
himfelf, albeit he was a manne of age and of dif-
crecion, yet was he in manye thynges ruled by the
bende, more then (lode cither with his honour, or
our profite, or with the commoditie of any manne
els, except onely the immoderate aduauncemcnt of
them felfc. Whiche whither they forer thidled
after their owne weale, or our woe, it wer hard I
wene to geflJe. And if fome folkes frendfliip had
not holden better place with the king, then any re-
fpe6b of kinred, thei might peraduenture eafily
haue be trapped and brought to confufion fomme
of vs ere this. Why not as eafily as they haue
done fome other alreadye, as neere of his royal
bloode as we. But our Lord hath wrought his wil,
and thanke be to his grace that peril is paite. Howe
be it as great is growing, yf wee fuffer this yonge
kyng in oure enemyes hande, whiche without his
wyttyng, might abufe the name of histommaun-
dement, to ani of our vndoing, which thyng God
and good prouifion forbyd. Of which good pro-
uifion none of vs hath any thing the lefl"e ncde, for
the late made attonemente, in whiche the kinges
pleafure hadde more place then the parties wilies.
Nor none of vs I beleue is fo vnwyfe, oucrfone to
trufte a newe frende made of an olde foe, or to
think that an houerly kindnes, fodainely contradl in
one houre continued, yet fcant a fortnight, Ihold
Lk] be

THE HISTORY OF THE

be df per fetlcd in their ftomackcs : then a long
accuflomed malice many yercs rooted.

With thefe wordes and writynges and fuche other,
the duke of Gloucefter lone fet a fyre, them that
were of thcmfclf cihe to kindle, and in efpeciall
twayne, Edwardc duke of Buckingham, and Rich-
arde lordc Haftinges and chaumbcrlayn, both men
of honour and of great power. The cone by longe
fucceflion from his anceftrie, the tother by his office
and the kinges fauor. Thefe two n^Jyearing cche
to other fo muchc loue, as hatred bothe vnto the
quenes parte : in this poynte accorded together
wyth the duke of Gloacefter, that they wolde
vtterlye amoue fro the kinges companye, all his
mothers frendes, vnde'rthe name of their enemycs.
Vpon this concluded, the duke of Gloucefter vnder-
ftandyng, that the lordes whiche at that tyme were
aboute the kyng, entended to bryng him vppe to
his coronacion, accoumpanied with fuchc power of
theyr frendes, that ic fhoulde bee harde for hym to
brynge his purpofe to paflc, without the gathering
and great aflemble of people and in maner of open
■warre, whereof the ende he wide was doubtous,
and in which the kyng being on their fide, his part
fhould haue the face and name of a rebellion: he
fecretly therefore by diuers meanes, caufed the
quene to be perfwaded and brought in the mynd,
that it neither wcr nede, and alfo fhold be ieopard-
ous, the king to come vp ftrong. For where as
nowe euery lorde loued other, and none other thing
ftudyed vppon, but aboute the coronacion and ho-
noure of the king : if the lordes of her kinred
(hold aflemble in the kinges name muche people,
thei Ihould geue the lordes atwixte whome and
them haddc bene fommetyme debate, to fcare and
fufpedle, Icfte they fhoulde gather thys people, not
for the kynges faucgarde whome no manne em-
pugned, but for theyr dcftruccion, hauying more
rcgarde to their old variaunce, then their newe at-
tonement. For whiche caufe thei fhoulde aflemble
on the other partie muche people agayne for their
defence, whofe power (he wyfte wel farre ftretched.
And thus (hould all the realme fall on a rore. And
of al the hurte that therof fhould enfue, which was
likely not to be litle, and the moft harme there like
to fal wher (he left would, al the worlde woulde
put her and her kinred in the wyght, and fay that
thei had vnwyfelye and vntrewlye alfo, broken the
amitie and peace that the kyng her hufband fo pru-
denttlye made, betwene hyskinne and hers in his
death bed, and whiche the other party faithfully
obferucd.

The quene being in this wife perfwaded, fuche
woorde lent vnto her fonne, and vnto her brother
being aboute the kynge, and ouer that the duke of
Gloucefter hymltlfe and other lordes the chiefe of
hys bende, wrote vnto the kyhge foo rcuercntlye.

and to the queenes frendes there foo louyngelye,
that they nothyngeearthelye my ftruftynge, broughtc
the kynge vppe in greate hafte, not in good fpede,
with a fober coumpanye. Nowe was the king in
his waye to London gone, from Northampton,
when thefe dukes of Gloucefter and Buckynghann
came thither. Where remained behynd, the lordc
Riuers the kynges vncle, entendyng on the mo-
rowe to folow the kynge, and bee with hym at
Stonye Stratford miles thence, earcly or

hee departed. So was there made that nyghte
muche frendely chere betwene thefe dukes and the
lorde Riuers a greate while. But incontinente after
that they wereoppenlye with greate courtelye de-
parted, and the lorde Riuers lodged, the dukes
fecretelye with a fewe of their mode priuye frendes,
fette them downe in counfayle, wherin they fpent a
great parte of the nyght. And at their rifinge in the
dawnyng of the day, thei fent about priuily to their
feruantes in the innesand lodgynges about, geuinge
them commaundemente to make them felfe fhortely
readye, for their lordes wer to horfebackward.
Vppon whiche melTages, manyeof their folke were
aitendaunt, when manye of the lorde Riuers fer-
uantes were vnreadye. Nowe hadde thefe dukes
taken alfo into their cuftodye the kayesof the inne,
that none flioulde pafTe foorth without theyr li-
cence.

And ouer this in the hyghe waye toward Stonye
Stratforde where the kynge laye, they hadde bee-
ftowed certayne of theyr folke, that fhoulde fcnde
backe agayne, and compell to retourne, anye manne
that were gotten oute of Northampton toward
Stonye Stratforde, tyll they fhould geue other
lycence. For as muche as the dukes themfelfe en-
tended for the (hewe of theire dylygence, to bee the
fyrfte that (houldc that daye attende vppon the
kynges highnelTe oute of that towne : thus bare
they folke in hande. But when the lorde Ryuers
vnderflrode the gates clofed, and the wayes on cueryc
fide befette, neyther hys fcruauntes nor hymfelf fuf-
fcred to.gooute, parceiuyng well fo greaie a thyng
without his knowledge not begun for noughte,
comparyng this maner prefent with this laft nightcs
chere, in lb few houres fo gret a chaunge maruel-
ouflye mifliked. How be it fithe hee coulde not
geat awaye, and keepe himfelfe clofe, hee woulde
not, lefte he fhoulde feeme to hyde himfelfe for
fbme fecret feare of hys owne faulte, whereof he
faw no luch caufe in hym felf : he determined vppon
the furetie of his own confcience, to goe boldelye
to them, and inquire what this matter myghte
mcane. Whome as foone as they fa we, they be-
ganne to quarrell with hym, and faye, that hee in-
tended to fette diftaunce beetweenc the kynge and
them, and to brynge them to confulion, but it
fhoulde not lye in hys power. And when hee be-
6 ganne

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

ganne (as hee was a very well fpoken manne) in
goodly wife to excufe himfclf, they taryed not the
cndc of his aunfwere, but fhortely tooke him and
putte him in warde, and that done, foorthwyth
•wente to horfebacke, and tooke the waye to Stonye
Stratforde. Where they founde the kingc with his
companie readye to leape on horfebacke, and departe
forwarde, to leaue that lodging for them, becaufe it
was to ftreighte for bothe coumpanies. And as
fone as they came in his prefence, they lighte
adowne with all their rompanie aboute them. To
whome the duke of Buckingham faide, goe afore
gentlemenne and yeomen, kepe youre rowmes.
And thus in goodly arraye> thei came to the kinge,
and on theire knees in very humble wife, faiued his
grace; whiche receyued them in very ioyous and
amiable maner, nothinge eirthlye knowing nor
miftrullinge as yet. But euen by and by in his
prefence, they piked aquarell to the lorde Richarde
Graye, the kynges other brother by his mother,
fayinge that hee with the lorde marqu.s his brother
and the lorde Riuers his vncle, hadde coumpafled
to rule the kinge and the realme, and to fette vari-
aunce among the ftates, and to fubdcwe and de-
ftroye the noble blood of the realm. Toward the
accoumplifhinge whereof, they fayde that the lorde
Marques haddt- entered ioto the Tower of London,
and thence taken out the kinges treafor, and fent
menne to the fea. All whiche thinge thcfc duke*
wille well were done for good purpoles and neceflari
by the whole counfaile at London, fauing that
fommewhat thei muft fai. Vnto whiche woordes,
the king aunfwcred, what my brother Marques hath
done I cannot faie. But in good faith I dare well
aunfwere for myne vncle Riuers and my brother
here, that thei be innocent of any fuch matters.
Ye my liege quod the duke of Buckingham thei
haue kepte theire dealing in thefe matters farre fro
the knowledge of your good grace. And foorth-
with thei arretted the lord Richarde and Sir Thomas
Waughan knighte, in the kinges prefence, and
broughte the king and all backe vnto Northampton,
where they tooke againe further counfaile. And
there they fent awaie froni the kinge whom itpleafed
them, and fette newe feruantes aboute him, fuche as
lyked better them than him. At whiche dealinge
hee wepte and was nothing contente, but it booted
nor. And at dyner the duke of Gioucefler fente a
dilhefrom hisowne table to the lord Riuers, prayinge
him to bee of goodchere, all fhould be well inough.
And he thanked the duke, and prayed the meflenger
to bcare it to his nephewe the lorde Richarde with
tlie fame meffage for his comfort, who he thought
had more nede of coumfort, as one to whom fuch
aducrfitie was ftraunge. But himfclf had been al

his dayes in vre therewith, and therfore coulde
beare it the better. But for al this coumfortable
courtefye of the duke of Gloucefter he fent the
lord Riuers and the lorde Richarde with Sir Tho-
mas Vaughan into the Norrhe countrey into.diuers
places to prifon, and afterward al to Pomfrait,
where they were in conclufion beheaded.

A letter written with a cole by Sir Thomas More
to hysdougnxermaiftresMAR GAR etRoper, with-
in a whyle after he was prifoner in the Towre.

■jVyiYNE own good doughter, our lorde be
■^^^ thanked I am in good helthe of bodye, and
in good quiet of minde : and of worldly thynges I
no more defyer then I haue. I bcfeche hym make
you all mery in the hope of heauen. And fuch
thynges as I fomewhat longed to talke with you all,
concerning the worlde to come, our Lorde put theim
into your myndes, as I trufte he dothe and better to
by hys holy fpirite : who blefie you and preferue
you all. Wrnicn wyth a cole by your tender louing
father, who in hys pore prayers forgetteth none of
you all nor your babes, nor your nurfes, nor your
good hufbandes, nor your good hufbandes Ihrewde
wyues, nor your fathers flirewde wyfe neither, nor
our other frendes. And thus fare ye hartely well
for lacke of paper.

Thomas More, knight.

Two fliort ballettes which Sir Thomas More made
for hys paftyme while he was prifoner in the
Tower of London.

Lewys the loft louer.

E

Y flatering fortune, loke thou neuer fo fayre.
Or neuer fo plefantly begin to fmile.
As though thou wouldft my ruine all repayre,
During my life thou fhalt not me begile.
Truft (hall 1 God, to entre in a while.
Hys hauen or heauen fure and vniforme.
Euer attcr thy calme, loke I for a (lorme.

Dauy the dycer.

1" O N G was 1 lady Luke your feruing man,

And now haue loft agayne all that 1 gat,
Wherfore whan I thinke on you nowe and than,
And in my mynde refiicmber this and that.
Ye may not blame me though 1 beftirew your cat.
But in fayth I bleflc you agayne a ihoufand times.
For lending me now fome laylurc to make rymes.

At the fame time with Sir Thomas Mere lived

Skelten, the poet laureate oi Henry Vlll. from whofc

L^] 2 works.

THE HISTORY OF THE

works it fcems proper to infcrt a few ftanzas, though
he cannot be faid lo have attained great elegance of
language.

The prologue to the Bougc of Courte.

TN Auturnpne whan the fonne in vjrrgyne

■*■ By radyante hete enryped hath our corne

When Luna full of mutabylytc

As Emperes the dyndcme hath worof

Of our pole artyke, fmylynge halfe in fcorne

At our foly and our v: Itedfaftnefle

The tinnc whan Mars to warre hym dyd dres,

I callynge to mynde the grcate auftorytc
Of poeces olde, whiche full craftely
Vnder as couerte termes as coulde be
Can touche a trouth, and cloke fubtylly
With fresfhe vtteraunce full fentcncyoully
Dyuerfe in ftyle feme fpared not vycc to wryte
Some of mortalitie nobly dyd cndyte

Whereby I rede, thcyr renome and theyr fame
May neuer dye, but eucrmore endure
I was fore moued to a forfe the fame
But ignoraunce full foone dyd me dyfcure
And (hewed that in this al^c I was not fure
For to illumine (he fayd I wjs to duUe
Aduyfynge me my penne awaye to pulle

And not to wryte, for he fo wyll atteync
Excedyng ferther than his connynge is
His heed maye be harde, but feble is brayne
Yet haue I knowen fuche er this
But of rcproche furely he maye not mys
That clymmeth hycr than he may fotinge haue
What and he flyde downe, who (hall him faue ?

Thus vp and downe my mynde was drawen and
caft
That I ne wyfte what to do was befte
So fore enwered that I was at the lafte
Enforfed to flepe, and for to take fome refte
And to lye downe as foone as I my drefte
At Harwyche porte flumbrynge as I hye
In myne hoftes houfe called powers keye.

Of the wits that flourilhed in the reign of
Henry VIII. none has been more frequently cele-
brated than the earl of Surry ; and this hiftory would
therefore have been imperfed without fome fpeci-
mens of his works, which yet it is not eafy to diftin-
gui(h from thofe of Sir Thomas li^yat and others,
with which they are confounded in the edition that
has fallen into my hands. The three firft are, I
believe, i'wrr/s \ the re(l, being of the fame age,
are fcxfted, (bme as examples of different meafurcs,
and one as the oldett Compofition whi.h I have
found in blank verfe.

Defcription of Spring, wherein echc thing rcnewcs,
fave only the lover.

'T' H E foote feafon that bud, and bloome fourth
"'■ bringes,

With grcne hath cladde the hyll, and eke the vale.
The Nighringall with fethcrs new flie finges j
The turtle to her mate hath told the talc :
Somer is come, for every fpray now fpringes.
The hart hath hunge hys olde head on the pair.
The bucke in brake his winter coate he flyngcs ;
The (ifhes flete with newc repayred fcale :
The adder all her Hough away (lie flynge?.
The fwift fwallow purfueth the flyes fmalle.
The bufy bee her honey how (he mynges i
Winter is worne that was the flourcs bale.
And thus I fee among thefc pleafant thynges
Eche care decayes, and yet my forrow fpryiifres.

Defcripcion of the reftlefs eftate of a lover.

W

HEN youth had led me half the race.
That Cupides fcourge had made me runnej
I looked back to meet the place.
From whence my weary courfe begunne :

And then I faw howe my delyre
Mifguiding me had led the waye,
Myne eyne to greedy of theyre hyre,
Had made me lofe a better prey.

For when in fighes I fpcnt the day,
And could not cloake my grief with game ;
The boyling fmokedyd ftill bewray.
The prelent heat of fecret flame :

And when fait teares do bayne my breaft.
Where love his plealent traynes hath fown.
Her beauty hath the fruytcs oppreft.
Ere that the buddes were fpron gc and blowne.

And when myne eyen dyd Hill purfue.
The flying chafe of theyre requefl: ;
Theyre greedy looks dyd oft renew.
The hydden wounde within my brefte.

When every loke thefe cheekes might ftayne.
From dcdly pale to glowing red ;
By outward fignes appeared playne.
To her for heipe my harte was fled.

But all to late Love learneth me.
To paynt all kynd of Colours new ;
To blynd theyre eyes that elfe fliould fee
My fpeckled chekes with Cupids hew.

And now the covert brc(t I clame.
That worfhipt Cupide fecretely j
And nourifhed hys facred flame.
From whence no blairing fparks do flye.

Defcripcion

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

Defcripcion of the fickle AfFedions, Pangs, and
Sleightes of Love.

CUCH wayward wayes hath Love, that moft part

•^ in dilcord

Our willes <io (land, whereby our hartes but fel-

dom do accord :
Decyte is hysdelighte, and to begyle and mocke
The fimple hartes which he doth ftrike with fro-

ward divers ftroke.
He caufeth th' one to rage with golden burning

darte.
And doth alay with Leaden cold, again the others

harte.
Whofe gleames of burning fyre and eafy fparkes of

flame.
In balance of unequal weyght he pondereth by ame
From eafye ford where 1 tnyghte wade and pafs full

well.
Heme withdrawes and doth me drive, into a depe

dark hell:
And me witholdes where I am calde and offred place.
And willes me that my mortal foe 1 do befcke of

Grace j
He lettes me to purfue a conqueft welnere wonne
To follow where my paynes were loft, ere that my

fute begunne.
So by this means i know how foon a hart may turne
From warre to peace, from truce to ftryfe, and fo

agayne returne.
I know how to content my fclf in others luft.
Of little Ituffe unio my Iclf to weave a webbe of

truft :
And how to hyde my harmes with fole dyflembling

chere.
Whan in my face the painted thoughtes would out-
wardly appeare.
I knot* how that the bloud forfakes the face for

dred.
And how by fliime it ftaynes agayne the Chckes

with flaming red :
I know under the Grene, the Serpent howhelurkes :
The hammer of the reftlefs forge 1 wote eke how it

workes.
I know and con by roate the tale that I woulde tell
But oftc the woordes come fourth awrye of him that

loveth well.
I know in hcate and colde the Lover how he (hakes.
In fynging how he doth complayne, in flecping how

he v.. kes
To languifli without ache, fickelelTe for to confume,
A thoufand thynges for to devyfc, rclblvyngeof his

fume ;
And though he lyfte to fee his Ladyes Grace full

lore
Such pleafurcs as delyght hys Eye, do not his heiihc

reftorc.

I know to fcke the trafte of my defyred foe.
And fere to fynde that 1 do feek, but chiefly this I

know,
That Lovers muft transfourme into the thynge be-
loved.
And live (alas ! who would believe ?) with fprite

from Lyfe removed.
I knowe in harty (ighesand laughters of the fpleene,
At once to chaunge my ftate, my will, and eke my

colotfl- clene.
I know how to deceyve my felf wythe others helpe.
And how the Lyon chaftiled is, by beatynge of the

whelpe.
In ftandyngc nere the fyre, I know how that I freafe ;
Farre of I burne, in bothe I wafte, and fo my Lyfe

I leefe.
I know how Love doth rage upon a yeyldingmynde.
How fmalle a nete may take and male a harte of

gentle kyndc :
Or elfe with feldom fwete to feafon hepes of gall.
Revived with a glympfe of Grace old lorrowes to

let fall.
The hydden traynes I know, and fecret fnares of

Love,
How foone a loke will prynte a thoughte that never

may remove.
The flypper ftate I know, the fodein turnes from

welthe
The doubtfuU hope, the certaine wooe, and fure

defpaired helthe.

A praife of his ladie.

/^EVE place you ladies and be gone,
^-^ Boaft not your felves at all.
For here at hande approcheth one,
Whofe face will ftayne you all.

The vertue of her lively lookes
Excels the precious ftone,
I wifhe to have none other bookes
To reade or look upon.

In eche of her two chriftall eyes,
Smyleth a naked boy -,
It would you all in heart fuffife
To fee that lampe of joye.

I think nature hath loft the moulde.
Where (he her ftiape did take;
Or elfe 1 doubte if nature coulde
So fayre a creature make.

She may be well comparde
Unto the Phenix kinde,
Whofe like was never feene nor heard,
That any man can fynde.

In lyfe (he is Diana chalt
In trouth Penelopey,
In woord and eke in dede ftedfaft j
What will you more we fay ;

If

THE HISTORY OF THE

If all the world were fought fo farre.
Who coulJ findc fuche a wight,
Hier beaury twinkleth lykc a ftarre
"Within the frofty night.

The Lover rcfufed of his love, embraccth vertue.

TVyTY youthfull yeres are paiT,
"^^■^ My joyfuil dayes are gone.
My lyfe it may not laft.
My grave and I am one.

My myrth and joyes are fled.
And I a Man in wo,
Defirous to be ded.
My mifciefe to forego.

I burne and am a colde,

1 freefe amyddes the fycr,

2 fee fhe doth witholde
That is my honeft defyre.

I ice my helpe at hande,
I fee my lyfe alfo,
I fee where file doth (Vande
That is my deadly fo.

I fee how Ihe dorh fee.
And yet flie wil be blynde,
1 fee in helpyng me, ^

She fekes and wil not fynde.

I fee how fhe doth wrye,
"When I begynne to mone,
I fee when 1 come nye.
How fayne (he would be gone.

I fee what wil ye more,
She will me gladly kill.
And you fhall fee therfore
That fhe fhall have her vyill.

I cannot live with (tones,
It is too hard a foode,
I wil be dead at ones
To do my Lady good.

The Death of ZOROAS, an Egiptian aftronomer,
in the firft fight that Alexander had with the
Perfians.

^^OW clattring armes, now raging broyjs of warre,
•*' Gan palTc the noys of dredfuU trumpctts clang,
Shrowdcd with fhaftsi the heaven with cloude of

dartes.
Covered the ayre. Againft full fatted bulles,
As forccth kyndled yrc the lyons kecne,
Whofe greedy gutts the gnawing hunger prickes;
So Macedons againft the Perfians fare.
Now corpfes hyde the purpurdc foyle with blood ;
Large (laughter on eche fide, but Perfcs more,
Moyft ficldes bebled, theyr heartes and numbers

bate,
Fainted while ihey gave backe, and fall to flighte.

The litening Macedon by fwordes, by gleaves.
By bandcs and troupes of footennn, with his garde,
Specdcs to Dary, but hym hii mereft kyn,
Oxate prefcrves with horfeiren on a plumpe
Before his carr, that none his charge fhould give.
Here grunts, here groans, eche where ftrong youth

is fpent:
Shaking her bloudy hands, Bellone among
The Perles foweth all kind of cruel death:
With throte yrent he roares, he lyeth along
His cntrailes with a launcc through gryded quyte,
Hym fmytes the club, hym woundes farre ftryking

bowe.
And him the fling, and him the (hining fwordj
He dyeth, he is all dead, he pantes, he reftcs.
Right over ftoode in fnowwhite armour brave.
The Memphite Zoroas, a cunnyng clarke.
To whom the heaven lay open as his booke;
And in celeftiall bodies he could tell
The moving meeting light, afpedt, eclips,
And influence, and conftellations all;
What earthly chaunces would betyde, what yere.
Of plenty (torde, what figne forewarned death.
How winter gendreth fnow, what temperature
In the prime tyde doih feafon well the foyle.
Why fummer burncs, why autumnehath ripe grapes,
. Whither the circle quadrate may become,
Whether our tunes heavens harmony can yelde
Of four begyns among themlelves how great
Proportion is-, what (way the erryng lightes
Doth fend in courfe gayne that fy rfl movy ng heaven ;
What grees one from another diftancc be.
What (tarr doth let the hurtfull fyre to rage.
Or him more mylde what oppoficion makes.
What fyre doth qualifye Mavorfes fyre.
What houfe eche one doth fecke, what plannett

raignes
Within this heaven fphere, nor thatfmall thynges
I fpeake, whole heaven he clofeth in his breit.
This fage then in the ftarres hath fpyed the fates
Threatncd him death without delay, and, flth,
He faw he could not fatal! order chaunge,
Foreward he prefl: in battayle, that he migiit
Mete with the rulers of the Macedons,
Of his right hand defirous to be flain.
The bouldeft borne, and worthieft in the feilde;
And as a wight, now wery of his lyfe.
And feking death, in fyrll front of his rage.
Comes defperately to Alexanders face.
At him with dartes one after other throwes.
With recklefle wordes and clamour him provokes,
And I'ayth, Nedanaks bartard (hamefull ilayne
Of mothers bed, why lofeft thou thy ftrokes,
Cowardes among. Turn thee to me, in cafe
Manhood there be fo much left in thy heart.
Come fight with mc, that on my helmet weare

Apollo's

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

Apollo's laurell both for learnings laude.
And eke for martiall praife, that in my fhieldc
The feven fold Sophi of Minerve contein,
A match more mete, Syr King, then any here.
The noble prince amoved takes ruth upon
The wilful) wight, and with foft words ayen,

0 monflrous man (quoth he) what fo thou art,

1 pray thee live, ne do not with thy death
This lodge of Lore, the Mufes manfion marre;
That treafure houfe this hand ihall never fpoyle,
My fword fliall never bruife that (killful brayne.
Long gather'd heapes of fcience fone to fpill ;

O howe fayre fruites may you to mortall men
From Wifdoms garden give; how many may
By you the wifcr and the better prove;
'What error, what mad moode, what frenzy thee
Perfwades to be downe, fent to depe Avernc,
"Where no artes flourifb, nor no knowledge vailes
For all thefe fawes. When thus the fovereign

faid.
Alighted Zoroas with fword unfheathed.
The carelefs king there fmoate above the greve,
At th' opening of his quifhes wounded him.
So that the blood down trailed on the ground :
The Macedon perceiving hurt, gan gnafhe.
But yet his mynde he bent in any wife
Hym to f rbeare, fett fpurrs unto his ftede.
And turnde away, left anger of his fmarte
Should caufe revenger hand deale baleful! blowes.
But of the Macedonian chicftaines knights.
One Meleager could not bear this fight.
But ran upon the faid Egyptian rude.
And cut him in both knees: he fell to ground.
Wherewith a whole rout came of fouldiours

fterne.
And all in pieces hewed the fely feg,
But happely the foule fled to the ftarres,
Where, under him, he hath full fight of all.
Whereat he gazed here with rcachmg looke.
The Perfians waild fuch fapience to forgoe.
The very fone the Macedonians wifht
Me would have lived, king Alexander felfe
Demde him a man unmete to dye at all;
Who wonne like praife for conqucft of his Yre,
As for ftoute men in field that day fubdued.
Who princes taught how to difcerne a man.
That in his head fo rare a jewel beares,
But over all thofe fame Camenes, thofe fame.
Divine Camenes, whofe honour he procurde,
As tender parent doth his daughters wcale.
Lamented, and for thankes, all that they can.
Do cherirti hym deceaft, and fett him free.
From dark oblivion of devouring death.

Barclay wrote about 1550 ; his chief work is the
Ship of Fooks, of which the following extradl ^ill
ihew his ftyle.

Of Mockers and Scorners, and falfe Accufers.
r\ Heartless fooks, hafte here to our dodrine,

Leaue off the wayes of your enormitie,
Enforce you to my preceptes to encline.
For here Iball I (hcwe you good and veritie :
Encline, and ye finde fhall great profperitie,
Enfuing the dodrine of our fathers olde.
And godly lawes in valour worth great golde.

Who that will followe the graces manyfolde
Which are in vertue, (hall finde auauncement:
Wherfore ^e fooles that in your finne are bolde,
Enfue ye wifdome, and leaue your lewde intent,
Wifdome is the way of men molt excellent:
Therfore haue done, and fliortly fpede your pace.
To quaynt your felf and company with grace.

Learne what is vertue, therin is great iblace,
Learne what is truth, fadnes and prudence.
Let grutche be gone, and grauitie purchafe,
Forfake your folly and inconueniencc,
Ceafe to be fooles, and ay to fue offence,
Followe ye vertue, chiefe roote of godlynes.
For it and wifedome is ground of clenlynes.

Wifedome and vertue two thinges are doubtles,
Whiche man cndueth with honour fpeciall,
But fuche heartes as flepe in foolithnes
Knoweth nothing, and will nought know at all:
But in this little barge in principall
All foolifli mockers 1 purpofe to repreue,
Clawe he his backe that fecleth itch or greue.

Mockers and fcorners that are harde of beleue.
With a rough comb here will I clawe and grate,
Toproue if they will from their vice remeue.
And leaue their folly, which caufeth great debate:
Suche caytiues fpare neyther poore man nor eftate.
And where their felfe are moft worthy derifion.
Other men to fcorne is all their moft condition.

Yet are mo fooles of this abufion,
Whiche of wife men dcfpifeth the doftrine.
With mowes, mockes, fcorne, and coUufion,
Rewarding rebukes for their good difcipline:
Shewc to fuche wifdome, yet (hall they not encline
Unto the fame, but fet nothing therby,
But mocke thy doftrine, ftiil or openly.

So in the worlde it appeareth commonly.
That who that will a foole rebuke or blame,
A mocke or mowe (hall he haue by and by:
Thus in derifion haue fooles their fpeciall game.
Correct a wife man that woulde cfchue ill name.
And fayne would learne, and his lewde life amende.
And to thy wordes he gladly (hall intende.

If

THE HISTORY OF THE

If by misfortune a rightwife man offende,
He gUdly fuffercth a iuftc corredion,
And him that him teacheth laketh for his frende,
Him fclfe putting mekely unto fubiedtion,
Folowing his preceptes and good diredion:
But yf that one a foole rebuke or blame.
He fliall his teacher hate, Qaunder and diffame.

Howbeit his wordes oft turne to his own fliame,
And his owne dartes rttourne to him agayne.
And fo is he fore wounded with the fame.
And in wo endeth, great mifery and payne.
It alfo proued full often is certayne.
That they that on mockers alway their mindes caft,
Shall of all other be mocked at the laft.

He that goeth right, ftedfaflr, fure, and faft.
May him well mocke that goeth halting and lame,
And he that is white may well his fcornes caft,
Agaynft a man of Inde : but no man ought to blame
Anothers vice, while he vfeth the fame.
Butwhothatof finne is cleaneindeedeand thought.
May him well fcorne whofe liuing is ftarke nought.
The fcornes of Naball full dere fliould haue been

bought.
If Abigayl his wife difcrete and fage.
Had not by kindnes right crafty meanes fought,
The wrath of Dauid to temper and affwage.
Hath not two beares in their fury and rage
Two and furtie children rent and tome.
For they the prophete Helyfeus did fcorne.

So might they curfe the time that they were borne,
For their mockmg of this prophete diuine:
So many other of this fort often mourne
For their lewde mockes, and fall into ruine.
Thus is it foly for wife men to encline.
To this lewde flockc of fooles, for fee thou fliall
Them mofte fcorning that are moft bad of all.

The Lenuoy of Barclay to the fooles.

Ye mocking fooles that in fcorne fet your ioy.
Proudly defpifing Gods punition:
Take ye example bv Cham the fonne of Noy,
"Which laughed his father vnto derifion,
Which him after curfed for his tranfgrefTion,
And made him feruaunt to all his lyne and ftocke.
So fliall ye caytifs at the conclufion,
Since ye are nought, and other fcorne and mocke.

About the year 1553 wrote Dr. Wtlfon, a man
celebrated for the policcnefs of his ftyle, and the
extent of his knowledge: what w.is the ftate of our
language in his time, the following may be of ufe
to fliow.

■pRonunciation is an apte orderinge bothe of the
■*• voyce, countenaunce, and all the whole bodye,
accor lynge to the worthines of fuche woordes and
mater as by fpeache are declared. The vfc
hereof is fuche for anye one that liketh to haue
prayfe for tellynge his talc in open aflc;mblie, that
hauing a good tongue, and a comelye countenaunce,
he flial be thought to paflTe all other that haue the
like vtteraunce : thoughe they haue much better
learning.. The tongue geueth a certayne grace to
euerye matter, and beautifieth the caufe in like
maner, as a fwete foundynge lute muche fetteth
forthe a meane deuifed ballade. Or as the founde
of a good inftrumente ftyrreth the hearers, and
moueth muche delite, fo a cleare foundyng voice
comforteth muche our deintie cares, with muche
fwete melodic, and caufeth vs to allowe the matter
rather for the reporters fake, then the reporter for
the matters fake. Demofthenes therforc, that fa-
moufe oratour, beyng aflced what was the chiefeft
point in al oratorie, gaue the chiefe and oncly
praife to Pronunciation ; being demaunded, what
was the feconde, and the thirde, he ftill made
aunfwere. Pronunciation, and would make none
other aunfwere, till they lefie afliyng, declaryng
hereby that arte without vtteraunce can dooe no-
thyng, vtteraunce without arte can dooe right
muche. And no doubte that man is in outwarde
apparaunce halfe a good clarke, that hath a cleane
tongue, and a comely gefture of his body, ^fchines
lykwyfe L'eyng banniflied his countrie through De-
mofthenes, when he had redde to the Rhodians his
own oration, and Demofthenes aunfwere thereunto,
by force whereof he was banniflied, and all they
marueiled muche at the excellencie of the fame :
then (q d ^fchines) you would have marueiled
muche more if you had heard hymfelfe fpeak it.
Thus beyng caft in miferie and banniflied foreuer,
he could not but geue fuch greate reporte of his
deadly and mortal ennemy.

Thus have I deduced the Englijh language from eafily traced, and the gradations obferved, by which

the age of /f//r(f^ to ihzioi Elizabeth; in fome parts it advanced from its firll rudenefs to its prefeat

imperfedty for want of materials; but 1 hope, at elegance,
Icaft, in fuch a manner that its progrefs may be

A GRAM^

R

M M A R

OF THE

ENGLISH TONGUE.

G

RAMM AR, whlchisyhart of ufing'wards properly , com-
prifes four parts; Orthography, Etymology, Syntax,
and Profody.

In this divirton and order of the parts of grammir I follow the common gr»m-
mwians, without enquiring whether t fitter diftributiim might not be tound.
Experience ha; long Ikown this method to be fo diftinft a» to obviate confulion,
and fo comprchcnfive as to prevent any inconvenient omiflions. I likcwife ufe
•the terms already received, and ah-cady (nderftood, though perhaps others more
proper might fometimes be invented. Sylbnrgius, and other innovators, whofe
new terms have fanlc their learning into negled, have left fufficieot warning
againft the trifling ambition of teaching arts in a new language.

ORTHOCRAPHy is the art of combining Utters itito fyllahhs,
4mdfyllabhs into nuords. It therefore teaches previoufly the form
and found of letters.

The letter* of the Eagliih language are.

Saxon.

Roman.

Italick.

OldE

nglith.

Name.

X

a

A

a

A

a

»

a

a

fi

b

B

b

B

b

s

b

it

E

c

C

c

C

e

«c

c

fi*

D

b

D

d

D

d

®

l»

det

e

i.

E

e

£

t

«

e

€

F

F

F

f

F

f

3P

f

'I

c

7>

G

g

G

S

<3

8

jet

fe

h

H

h

H

h

»

1

aitcb

i

1

I

i

I

i

i

i (.wja

J

J

7

j

3

t

J confonant.

K

k

K

k

K

k

{{

ia

L

1

L

1

L

I

%

I

tl

ro

m

M

m

M

m

M

m

tm

N

n

N

n

N

n

Mi

n

tn

O

o

O

o

0

0

<o

o

0

P

P

P

P

P

P

P

pee

Q.

«T

SL

q

f-

?

^

q

cut

R

n

R

r

R

r

fR

tf

or

8

r

S

fs

S

f>

A

fs?

'fi

T

e

T

t

T

t

C

t

tit

U

a

U

a

U

u

u

u (or 'Va

V

V

V

T

V

•V

D

b

•V confonant.

u;

P

w

W

w

IM

m

bj

doable «

X

X

X

X

X

X

f

tx

Y

y

Y

y

r

y

P

t

nvy

Z

z

Z

z

X

K

^

i

xed, more

commonly izz^rd

or

uxxard, that is

mt

- _ »

fhard.

Vol. I

To thefe may be added certain combinations of letters univer-
fally ufed in printing ; as ft. ft, fl, fl, (b, flc, fF, ff, fi, fli, fi, ffi, ffl,
and &, or and per ft, and. a,ft,fl,f,fi,fi,ff,j;f,ffi,f,ffi.ff. H.

(t, a, a, a, ff, tr, a, s, ffi, ffi, i»

Our letters are commonly reckoned twenty-four, bccaufe anciently i and/,
■s well as u and v, were exprefled by the fame charafler ; but as thofc letters,
which had always different powers, have now diflFcrent forms, our alphabet may
be properly faid to coniill of twenty-fix letters.

None of the fraall confunants have a double form, excepty^ ij of whichyit
ufed in the beginning and middle, and < at the end.

Vowels are five, a, e, i, o> u.

Such is the number generally received ; but for i it is the
praftice to write y in the end of words, as thy, holy ; before /,
as from die, dying ; from beautify, beautifying ; in the words y5yi/,
■days, eyes ; and in words derived from the Greek, and written
originally with v, Zifiijiem, avmft» 5 fympathy, av^iti^uct.

For u we often write w after a vowel, to make a diphthong j
as rarw, grew, n/itvj, •vovi,floTMing, loivnefs.

The founds of all the letters are various.

In treating on the letters, 1 fliall not, like fome other grimmarUni, enquire
into the original of their form, as an antiquarian j nor into their formation and
prolation by the organs of fpccch, as a mechanick, anatomiH, or phyfiologift :
nor into the properties and gradation of founds, or the elegance or harlhnefs of
particular combinations, as a writer of univerfal and tranfcendental grammar. I
confider the Englilh alphabet only as it is Englilh ; and even in this narrow dif..
quifition, I follow the example of former grammarians, perhaps with more reve-
rence than judgment, bccaufe by writing in Englilh i fuppofc my reader already
acquainted with the EngliOi language, and confequenilv able to pronounce the
letters, of which I teach the pronunciation; and becaufc of founds in gcnc.-.il it
may be obfcrved, that words are unable to defcribe them. An account therefore
of the primitive and fimple ietttrs is ufclefs almoft alike to thofe who know their
found, and thofe who know it not.

Of VOWELS.

A.

J has three founds, the flender, open, and broad.

A flender is found in moft words, zaface, mane ; and in word*
ending in atiotr, as creation, fal'vation, generation.

The a flender is the proper Englilh a, called very juftly by Erpenius, in hii
Arabick Grammar, a Anglicum turn c miftum, as having a middle found between
the open a and the t. The French have a fimilar found in the woid /a/i, and in
their e mafculiuc. ^

A open is the a of the Italian, or nearly refembles it j as
father, rather, congratulate, fancy, glafs.

A broad refembles the a of the German ; as all, 'wall, call.

Many words pronounced with a broad were anciently written with au, at

ftnlt, mauli ; and we fliU tty fault, vault. This was probably the Siaon found,

S /or

A GRAMMAR OF THE

for it II yet retained in the northern dialeAst aod in the ruftick pronunciation ;
u naan for au«, taunj lor bard.

^

The fliort a approaches to the a open, as griz/i.

The long «, it prolonged by e at the end of the word, is al-
ways (lender, is graze, fame.

A forms a diphthong only with ;' or j, and u or w. Ai or 4)'>
as in plain, ivain, gey, clay, has only the found of the long and"
flender a, and differs not in the pronunciation froin flane, -wane.

Au or o'w has the found of the German a, as reew, naughty.

^e is fometimcs found in Latin words not completely naturalifcd or aflimi-
lattd, but is no EngUfli diphthong ; and is more properly exprclled by fing'.e t,
as C'jir, £mas. - ■ . ■

E.

£ I] the letter which occurs rood frequently in the Englifli language.
. E is long, as m feint ; or fliort, as in cellar, feparate, celebrate.

mtn

t/bei.

fFomttt is pronounced nuimen.

The ihort e has fometimes the found of a clofe u, tsfon, ttme.

It is always Ihort befor© a double confonahti' or tw(i.confo-
nants, as in ft.v, perplexity, relent, medlar, reptile, fer pent, cellar,
cjfation, bleJJ{ng, fell, felling, debt.

E is always mute at the end of a word, except in monofylla-
bles that have no other vowel, as the ; or proper names, as Pe-
nelope, Phebe, Derbe ; being ufcd to modify the foregoing con-
fonant, asyiWiT^, tnce, hedge, oblige ; or to lengthen the preceding
vowelj as bun, b^.ne ; can, cane; pin, p'tne ; tun, tiene ; rob,
rihe ; popt fopt ; fir, ftre ;, cur, .cure i tub, tube.

Almoft all words which now tcrmioate.in canfonants ended anoicntly in «, as
year, yean; -u/'ildnifs, •wildvejji; which ir probably 'had the force of the French e
feminine, and ranftituted a lyllahle with its adbtiat^ conionant ; for, in old edi-
tions, words are fometimes di\ided thus, clca-rt, fcl-k, icciuled-ge. This e
was perhaps for a tiqie vocal or filent in poetry, as convenience requircJ ; but it
has been long whi'Hy mute. Camden in his Himains calls it the iilent e.

It does not always lengthen the foregoing vowel, as ^/s-v?, live,
gltie.

It has fometimes in the en<J pf words a found obfcure, and
fcarcely perceptible, as open, papen, Jhotteut'thijile, participle,

iitc?e. '■ ■ ■ , ■ ; '; ' :-'• ■ '•

. This faintnefe of found is found when « feparates a muce from a liquid, at in
rotten; or follows a mute and liquid, as in raff/e.

E forms a diphthong with a, as near ; with /', as deign, receive ;
and with uotiu, asne^VfJieiv.

Ea founds like e long, as mean ;. or like^^, as dear, cJefrxfuar..^

Ei is founded like e lon^, as/eize, perceiving. v '\ -,i •'

£u founds as u long and foft.

E, a, u, are combined in beauty and its derivatives, but have
only the found of u.

E m2Ly be faid to form a diphthong by reduplication, as agree,
fueping.

Ea is found inyecmen, where It is founded as e (hort; and 'in feifle, where it
is pronounced like et.

/has a found, long, as fine; and Ihort, as fin.

That is eminently obfervable in i, which may be lllcewife remarked in other
letters, that the Ihort found, is not the long found contrafled, but a found wholly
diA'etent.

The long fonnd in monofyllables u always marked by the e
final, as thin, thine.

J is often founded before r as a fliort a ; i.% flirt, firft, Jhiri.

It forms a diphthong only with e, a& field, Jhield, which is
founded as the double ee ; except friend, which is founded as
frend.

I is joined with ai in lieu, and rui in •uie^ii ; which triphthong) ate founded as
tbe oprn *.

o.

O is long, as bZiu, aiidiint, corriding ; or fliort, hillock, knock,
iili^ue, /«//.

O coalefces into a diphthong with a, as moan, groan, approach {
oa has the found oio long.

(n% united to f in fome words derived from Greek, as cecontmy ; but ne being
not an Englilh diphthong, they are better written a^ they are luusdcd, with only t,
'ecoixiriy. *

With I, as oil, foil, moil, neifome,

, This ^oalition of letters fcems to unite the founds of the two letters as bet as-
two f»un>& can be united without being dcftroyed, atid therefore approaches more
nearly than any combination in our tongue to the notion of a diphthong.

With 0, as boot, hoot, cooler ; eo has the found of the Italian u.

With K or iv, as our, poiver, flo'wer ; but in fome words has-
only the found'cf o long, as in. foul, bmul, fovj , grtnu. Tiiefe dif-
ferent founds are ufed to dittinguifli difPercnt iigoificatipns ; as
bo^u, an inllrument for (hooting ; boiv, a depreiiion of the head :
fan.!}, the (he of a boar ; foi>j, to fcatter feed : bowl, an orbicular
body ; botxl, a wooden veflel.

Ou is fometimes pronounced like o foft, as court ; fometimes
like 0 (hort, as cough ; fometimes like u clofe, as could ; or ;/ open,
as rough, tough ; which ufe only can teach.

' Ou is frequently ufed in the laft fyllable of words which in Latin end in cr, and
arc made Engliih, as hcncur, labour, favour, from bcno/j tabor ^ fat' or.

Some late innovators havtejefted the u, without coiirtJtring that the lad fyl-
lable gives the found neither of er nor ur, but a found between them, if not com-
pounded of both; befidrt that they are probably dL-rJv.ed to us from the French,
f\ontta in err, as bnnieur, Jivcur.

u.

U is long in /fe, confuflon ; or (hort, as us, concujjion.

It coalefces with a, e, i, o ; but has rather in theie combina-
tions the force of the ou, as quaff, qnefl, quit, quite, languijh ;
fometimes in ui the / lofes its found, as in juice. It is fometimes
mute before a, e, i,y, as guard, guefl, guije, buy.

U is followed by e in virtue, but jhe e has no fojjnd.

Ue is fometimes mute at the end of a word, in imitation of the French, ispro"

rogue, fynagogue, fitgue, vague, harangue.

7" is a vowel, whichi as Quintilian obferves of one of the Ro-
man letters, we might want without inconvenience, but that we
have it. It fupplies the place of; at the end of words, as thy ; ,
before an f, as dying ; and is commonly retained in derivative
words where it was part of a diphthong in the primitive j as de-
Jlroy, dejlroyer ; betray, betrayed, bttrayer ; pray, prayer j fay,
fayer ; day, days.

J'b^ng the^aton vowel y, which was commonly ufcd wher? / is now put, ,
occuts very frequently in all old boolc£>

General Rules.

A vowel inthe beginning or middle fyllable, before two con-,
fonants, is commonly (hort, as opportunity.

In monofyllables a fingle vowel before a fingle confonant is-
ftiort, as flag,. frog.

Many is pronounced as if it were wrote mermy.

Of C O N S O N AN T S..
B.

3 has one unvaried found, fuch as it obtains in other Ian-

guages. , t I L J /

It is mute in debt, debtor, fubtk, doubt, lamb, limb, dumb,

thumb, climb, comb, ivomb.
It is vifed before I and r, »j */«*, hrvaa.

E :N ,G L I S -H ./TON G;.U ]E.

c.

C has before e and / the found of/; a.s^)itere!j, centrLi, cen-
tury, circular, cijiern, city , Jicc'.ty : before a, o, and », it founds
like k, as calm, concavity, copper, incorporate, curiojity, concupij-
cence. ...... ^ . . - _

C might be omitted in the language without lofs,,(ince o«e of its founds might
be fupplicd by/, and the oth* by k, but that it prefervcs to the eye the etymology
0/ words, as fact from fades, captive from captfvus,

Cb has a found which is analyfed into tjh, as church, chin,
crutch, ft is the fame found which the Italians give to the c
fimple before ; and e, as citta, cerro. , 1,

Ch is founded like k in words derived from the Greek, as
chymiji, /cheme, chohr. Arch is commonly founded ark befor* a
vowel, as archangel; and with the Englifti found of ch before a
confonant, as arf^^y^^o/.

Cb, in fame Freoch words not yet affimilatcd, founds lilce fi, as mach'au,
cba'jfe,

C, having no determinate found, according to Engliih ortliography, never ends
a word ; therefore wc write y?iV*» i/s.-,4, which wcc vr'^'mi^l-, fluke, ixcke, in
fjch words, C is now mute. ,

It is ufed before / ajid r, as clxk, crofst

D.

Is uniform in its found, as death, diligent.

It is ufed before r, as drtv), draft ; and vi, as divelK

/", though having a name beginning with a vowel, is num-
bered by die grammarians among the ienii-vowels ; yet has tliis
quality of a mute, that it is commodioudy founded before a
liquid, z%jiajk,jly, freckle. It has an unvariable found, except
that of is fometimes fpokcn nearly as ov.

G.

G has two found?, one hard, as in gay, go, gun ; tlie other
foft, as in gem, giant.

At the end of a word it is always hard, ring, fnug, fong, frog.

Before e and / the found is uncertain.

G before e is foft, as gem, gcicralion, except in gear, geld,
geej'e, get, genvgaiu, and derivatives from words ending in g, as
finging, ftrtnger, and generally before er at the end of words, as
fiiger.

G is mute before n, as gnafh,ftgn, foreign.

G before i is hard, as gi've, except in giant, gigantic, gibhtt,
gibe, giblets, Giles, gill, gdlifiimier , gin, ginger, gingle, to which
may be added Egypt zxiL gypfey .

Gh, in the beginning of a word, has the found of the hard g,
as ghoflly ; in the middle, and fometimes at the end, it is quite
filent, as though, right, fought, fpoken tho', rite, foute.

It has often at the end the found of/, as laugh, whence laugh-
ter retains the fame found in the middle ; cough, trough, fough;
ttugh, enough, Jlough.

It is not to be daobted, but that in the original pronunciation gh hid
the force of a confonant, deeply guttural, which is ftill continued unung the
Scotch.

G is ufed before i, 1, and r.

H.

W is a note of afpiraiion, and (hows that the following vowel
muft be pronounced with a ftrong emiffion of breath, as hat,
horfe.

It feldom begins any but the firll fyllable, in which it is
always founded with a full breath, except in heir, herb, hofller,
honour, humble, honefl, humour, and their derivatives.

It fometimei begins middle or final fyllablesln words compouadcdi as hliik-
It^J; ot derived lium the Lacin,,as ctmprtbetuUd.

h
J confonant founds uniformly like the foft g, and is therefore
a letter efelefs, except in ctynwlog)', as ejaculation, jcftir, jocund,

jlflcti

• • K. ■ ,..'''■

K has the found of hard c, and \i ufed before e and C wKctc,

according to Englirti analogy, c would be foft, 'as kept, king,

Jl-!rt,Jieptick, for fo it Ihould be written, not fceptick, becaufey^

is founded like/, ag in fane. ■

It is ufed before «, as knell, knot, but totally lofes its found in modem pro-
nunciation. . . !

K is never doubled; but c is ufed before it to Ihorten'tha
vowel by a double confonant, as cockle, flc,iU,

L has in Englifh the fame liquid found as in other languages. '

Thecuftom is to double the / at the end of monofyllablcs, as HI!, iv'ill,Ju/f.
Thefe words were originaHy writteiT H/le, tville, fuUc ; and when the e firft
grew filcnt, and was afterwards omitted, tiic //was retained, to give force, ac-
cording to the analogy of our language, to the foregoing vowel.

L is fometimes mute, as in calf, half, halves, calites, could,
•would, fhould, pjalm, talk, faltnon, falcon.

The Saxo.is, who delighted in guttural founds, fometimes afpirated the / af
the beginning of words, as hbj:, a loaf, or bread; hlapolift, a lord; but this
pronunciation is now difufed.

Le at the end of words is pronounced like a weak el, in which
the e is almofl mute, as table, puttie.

M.
Mhas always the fame found, as murmur, monumental.

N.

A'^ has always the fame (bund, as noble, manners.

N is fometimes mute after m, as damn, condemn, hymn.

P has alv/ays the fame found, which the Welfli and Germans
confound with B.

P is fometimes mute, as in pfalm, and between m and /, as
tempt.

Pb is ufed for/ in words derived from the Greek, as philofo-
pher, philanthropy , Philip,

^, as in other languages, is alw.iys followed by «, and has a.
found which our Saxon anceftors well exprefled by cp, ciu, as
quadrant, queen, equeflrian, quilt, enquiry, quire, quotidian. ^ is
never followed by u.

S^u is fometimes founded, in words derived from the French,
like k, as conquer, liquor, rifque, chequer.

R.
R has the fame rough fnarling found as in other tongues.

The Saxons nfed often to put h before it, as before / at the beginning of
words. . .

Rh is ufed in words derived from .the Gteck, as myrrb, mjrrbiiu, catarrhous,
rheum, rbeumdiuk, rhjmt. ,

Re, .It the end of fome words derived from the Latin or
French, is pronounced like a weak er, as theatre, fepulcbre.

S.
£ has a hifling found, 9a fibilation, fiftet.

A Angle > feldom ends any word, except in the third perfon of verbs, as
'Imci, frovii ; and the pkitall of nouns, M (rets, hufits, diftrejfei j th« prontuns
' B » V this,

A 'Grammar of the

tth, th, tan, ynn, u) ; tfie lirerb tbui ; and worJs derived from Latin, as
niat, jufflui ; Che f IcWe being always either in Jt, at himjt, berjc, or inyt) as
grsji, drejt, i/ijs, lifs, anciently gmji, ttrrji.

S fingle, at the end of words, has a wofler found, like that of
», as trees, eyes, except this, thus, us, rebus, furplus.

It fpundj like % before ion, if a vowel goes before, as intrufion ;
and like^ if it follows a confonant, as con'verjton.

It founds like z. before e mute, as refu/e, and before _)i final, as
rejy; and in thofe words ho/om, dejire, •u.-ifjom, prifon, prifoner,
frejint, prefent. Jam/el, ca/ement.

It it the peculiar quality o( f, that it may be founded before all confonants,
except * and as, in which / \% comprifcd, x being only ij, and K a hard or
gftifsf, Tbb / is therefore termed by grammarians fi»te pitifiat'u Ultra ; the
reafon of which the learned Dr. Clarke erroneoully fuppoled to be, that in
fome words it might be #jublcd at plealure. Thus wc find in feveral lan-
guages :

iZ'invfxt, fcatter, Jdcgno, fdrucdolo, ffavetlari, ff"*jH>^, Jgamhrart, jgranare-,
Jhake, Jiumber, fmtli, jnipe, fpace,^iendiiur, fpring, fquax^e, Jbrnv, fi^p, firt^gtb,
^ramen, Jh'ipe, J'vnttura, ftvell,

S is iDUtC in ij!e, ijland, demefnt, vi/cqunl.

7* has its cuHonary found, as take, temptation,

Ti before a vowel has the found of _/f, as/ai'vatioH, except an
/ goes before, as quejiion ; excepting likewife derivatives from
words ending in ty, as mighty, mightier.

Th has two founds ; the one foft, as thus, <whcther ; the other
hard, as thing, think. Thie found is foft in thcfe words, then,
thenct, and there, with their derivatives and compounds ; and in
that, thefe, thou, thee, thy, thine, their, they, this, thofe, them,
though, thus, and in all words between two vowels, as father,
tvhether ; and between r and a vowel, as burthen.

In other words it is hard, as tbici, thunder, faith, faithful.
Where it is foftened at the end of a woid, an e filent mult be
added, as breath, breathe; cloth, clothe.

V.

y has a found of near affinity to that ofy*, vain, vanity.

From f, in the Iflaadjck alphabet, 1/ ir ocly diftinguiihcd by a diacritical
pel IK.

W.

Of Of, which in diphthongs is oftea an undoubted vowel,
fome grammarians have doubted whether it ever be a confonant ;
and not rather, as it is called, a double u or ou, as luater may be
refolved into ouater ; but letters of the fame found are always
reckoned confoaants in other alphabets : and it may be ob-
ferved, that lu follows a vowel without any hiatus or difficulty of
utterance, a frofiy ^winter.

Wh has a found accounted peculiar to the Engllfh, which the
Saxons better cxpreffed by hp, htu, as ivhat, 'whence, -whiting ;
in luhore only, and fometimes in •wholefome, 'wh is founded like
a fimple h.

JT begins no Englilh word ; it has »he found of is, as axle,
Miraneouj.

Y.

y, when it follows a confonant, is a vowel ; when it precedes
•ither a vowel or dipththong, is a confonant, ye, young. It is
thought by fome to be in all cafes a vowel, But it may be ob-
ferved ofy as of 'iu, that it foUoivs a vowel without any hiatus,
as rofy youth.

The thief argument by which •» and y appear to be always vowels is, that
the founds which they arc fuppofed to have as confonant^, cannot be uttercJ
ai^ter • vowel, like that of a'l nther confonants : thus we fay, tu, vt ■■, do, odd ;
tat <A wM, Unu, the two founds »t'«r ha?e ao ickialilaiicc tu ewih «tlic[>
8

Z.

Z begins no word originally EnglLfli ; it has the fonnd, a»
its name ixxard, or f hard exprefles, of an / uttered with clofer
compreffion of the palate by the tongue, in freeze, froxe.

In orthography I have fuppoltd trtbetpj, orjufl utterance tf wurjt, to be in-
cluded ; orthography being only the art of expreiring certain founds by proper
characters. 1 have therefore obferved in what words any of the letters are
mute.

Mod of the writers of Englilh gramtnar have given long tables of words pro-
nounced othcrwifc than they arc written, and feem not fufHclently to have
confidcrcd, that of £nglilh, as of all living tongues, there is a double pro-
nunciation, one curfory and colloquial, the other regular and folemn. The
cjirlory pronunciation is always vague and uncertain, being made diflferent in
diiiercnt mouths by negligence, unikilfulnefs, or an'eilation. The folemn pro-
nunciation, though by no means immutable and permanent, is yet always
Icfs remote from the orthography, and Icfs liable to capricious innovation.
They have however generally formed their tablet according to the curfory
fpccch of thofe with whom they happened to converfe ; and concluding that
the whole nation combines to vitiate language in one manner, have oftea
eftabliflicd the jargon of the lowed of the people as the model of fpeech.

For pronunciation the beft general rule is, to confider thofe of the moft ele-
gant fpeakers who deviate lead from the written words.

There have been many fchcmcs offered for the emendation and fcttlement of
our orthography, which, like that of other nations, being formed by chance,
or according to the fancy of the earlled writers in rude ages, was at fird very
various and uncertain, and is yet fufficlently irregular. Of thefe reformers
fome have endeavoured to accommodate orthography better to the pronunci-
ation, without confiderlng that this is to mcafure by a ihadow, to take that for
a mod^l or ilandard which is changing while they apply it. Others, lefs
abfurdly indeed, but with equal unlikelihood of fuccels, have endeatoured to
proportion the number of letters to that of founds, that every found may have
its own charaftcr, and every character a lingle found. Such would be the.
ortliography of a new language to t% formed by a fynod of grammarians
upon principles of fcience. But who can hope to prevail on nations to change
their praftice, and make all their old books ufelefs ? or what advantage would
a new orthography procure equivalent to the confulion and perplexity of fuch
an alteration f

Some of thefe fchemes I fliall however exhibit, which may be ufcd according
to the diverfitics of genius, as a guide to reformers, or terrour to innovators.

One of the fird who propofed a fcheme of regular orthography, was Sir
Thomas Smith, fecretary of date to Queen Elizabeth, a man of real learning,
and much pra£llfed in grammatical difquiQtions. Had he written the following
lines according to his fcheme, they would have appeared thus 1

At length Erafmus, that great injur'd name,
The glory of the ptiedhood, and the fhame,
Stemm'd the wild torrent of a barb'rous age.
And drove thofe holy Vandals off the dage.

Ac IcngiS Erafmus, Sat gret Vngurd nam.
At glorV of So priidhtid, and Se zam,
Stcmmd Se TOild torrent of a barb'rous aj.
And drijv S'os hiili Vandals off Se daj.

After him another mode of writing was offered by Dr. Gill, the celebrated
maftcr of St. Paul's fchool in London ; which I cannot reprcfent cxa^ly for
want of types, but will approach as nearly as 1 can by means of charattcr^
now in ufe, fo as to make it undcrftood, exhibiting two ftanzas of Speofeiia tlie
reformed orthography.

Spenfer, book iii. canto 5.
tTnthankful wretch, faid he, is this the meed.
With which her fovereign mercy thou dod quite f
Thy life fhe faved by her gracious deed j
But thou dod ween with viiianous defpight.
To blot her honour, and her beav'nly light.
Die, rather die, than fo difloyally
Deem of her high defert, or feem fo light.
Fair death it Is tj ihun more Ihame ; then die*
Die, rather die, than ever love difloyally.

But if to love difloyalty it be,
Shall I then hate her, that from deathes door
Me brought ? ah ! far be fuch reproach fi om ms>
What can 1 lefs do, than her love therefore,
Sith I her due reward cannot redore ?
Die, rather die, and dying do her fcrvc.
Dying her ferve, and living her adore.
Thy life (he gave, thy life fhe doth deferve ;
Die, rather die, than ever from her (enice fwtrvt.

VrJlonkful wrs:i, faid hj, iz Sis Se mjd,
Wi|j lob hrr fotcrdin miifi Sou dud qujt ^
Dj Ijf rj '"tt!''- bj htr grafius djd ;
Sue Sou duil wca wi|i V'iinus diipjt,

T»

ENGLISH TONGUE.

Tu blot btr honor, and her hctlalj lL6ti
Pj, ra^ir dj, iScn Co diflolalj
Pjm o( hir hii> dizirt, or fjm fo liit.
Fair dt|| ic iz tu fun mwr film ; ^in dj*
Pj, nSer dj, Ssn itlfr lub difloulj.

But it" tu lub difloialtj it bj, ~

Sal 1 ^in hat htr ^at iVom diSez dxr
Mj brouit ? oh ! f#' bj fuo nproj from mj.
Wat kan I iis du iStn hir iuti Scrfvr,
Siir i her du riw^rd icanot reitur ?
Dj, rjiJSer dj, and djij du htr firto,
DJ!5 hir fiib, and lib.; hsr adir.
Dj Ijf f j 6«*'> *j Ijf rj <iuA dizerVl ;
Dj, raiit dj, ita (btr r'rom hir I'tibii fwirb.

Dr. Gill was followed by Charles Butler, a man who did not want an un-
derftanding which might have qualified him for better emp'.i'yiricnt. He ferns
to have been more fanguine than his predccefTors, for he prjnted his book ac-
cording to his own I'chenke ; which the following fpecimcn will make eafily un-
derwood.

But whenfoerer you have occaflon to trouble their patience, or to come
ireong them being troubled, it is better to ftanJ upon your guard, than to
truft to their gentlenefs. For the fafeguard of your face, which they have
moft mind unto, provide a purfttiood, made of coarfc bouUering, to be drawn
and knit about your collar, which fur more fafety is to be lined againft the
eminent parts with woollen cloth. Firfl cut a piece about an inch and a half
broad, and half a yard l;ing, to reach round by the temples and forehead, from
one ear to the o^her; which being fowcd in his place, join unto it two Ihort
pieces of the fame breadth under the eyes, for the balls of the cheeks, and then
fet another piece about the breadth of a (hilling againft the top of the aofe.
At other times, when they are not angered, a little piece half a quarter broad,
to cover the ejes and parts about them, may lerve, though it be in the heat of
the day.

Bet penfocver you hay' occafion to trubble 8eir patlenc', or to c«»m among
tern hiring trubled, it is better to ftand upon your gard, San to truft to 8eir
gentlenes. For *e faf gard of your fac', pi? 8ey hav' moft mind' unto,
provid' a purfehjod, mad' of coorfe boultering, to b« drawn and knit about
your collar, pis for raor' faf'ty is to b« lined againft S' eminent parts wit
wecUen clot. Firft cut a free' about an jna and a half broad, and half a \ard
long, to ten round by Se temples and for'head, from one ear to 8e o8er j
yia bfcing fowrd in his plac', join unto it two fort paces of the fam breadT
under 'Se eys, for the bails of ie chirks, and then fet an oSer p«c' about 8t
breadr of a filling againft the top o 8c nofe. At o8er tim's, fen 8ey at'
not angered, a little pice' half a quarter broad, to cover 8e eys and parts about
them, may fcrve, 8owj it be in the heat of 8e day. Buikr m Ihi Nature anj
Frtfcrlits cf Beit, 1634.

In the time of Charles I. tber« was a very prevalent Inclination to change
the orthography; as appears, among other books, in fuch editions of the
works of Miltun as were publilhed by himlilf. Of thefe reformers, every
man bad his own fchcme ; but they agreed in one general delign of accommo-
dating the letters to the pronunciation, by ejcfting fuch as they thought fu-
perfluous. Seme of them would have writun thefe lines thus :

-All the erth

Shall then be paradis, far happier place
Than this of Eden, and far happier dais.

Birtiop Wllklns afterwards, in his great work of the philofophital Janjuage,
f ropofed, without expeSing to be followed, a regular orthography ; by which
(he Lord't prayer i» 10 be written thus :

y»r Fadher hnitfli art in hcven halloed bi dhyi nam, dhyi cingdym cym, dhy
•ni bi dyn in erth as it is in heven, ic.

We have finee had no general reformers ; but fome ingenious men have
endeavoured to deferve well of their country, by writing bcmr and iaior for
iimur and Uinur, rtd for riad in the preter-tenfe, ja'is (or Jay t, rtfett for rtfeai,
txf'.am for ixflam, or dutamt for dicta'm. Of thefe it may be laid, that as they
have done no good, they have done little harm ; both bccaufe they have inno-
vated little, and becaule few have followed them.

The Englilh language has properly no dialefls ; the ftyle of writers has no
profeffed diverfity in the ufe of words, or of their flexions, and terminations,
■or differs but by diflferent degrees of (kill or care. The oral diiftion is uniform
is no fpacious country, but has lefs variation in England than in moft other
nations of equal extent. The language of the northern counties retains many
word* novv out of ufe, but which are commonly of the genuine Teutonick
lace, and is uttered with a pronunciation which now fccms harlh and rough,
but wai probably ufed by our anceftors. The northern fpcrch is therefore not
barbarous but obfoletc. The fpcech in tiic wcftern provinces fecms to differ
Xrom the general diflion rather by a depraved ptunwicistioD, thao by any real
4iS<T<i)ce which JctKn would cxprcii.

ETYMOLOGY,

ETYMOLOGY teaches the deduftion of one word from
atiother, and the various modifications by which the fenfe
of the fame word is diverfified ; as horj'e, horfes ; I love, I loved.

0/ tie A R T I c V t.
The Englilh have two articles, an or a, and t&e.

An, a.

ji Jias an indefinite fignification, and means one, with fome
reference to more ; as T/jis ii a good hook, that is, one among the
books that are good. He tvas killed by a fvjord, that is, yZfa#
/•word. This is a better book for a man than a boy, that is, for
one ofthoje that are men than one of thofe that are boys. An army
might enter ivithout refiftance, that is, any army.

In the fenfes in which we ufe a or an in the fingular, we fpeak
in the plural without an article ; as, thefe are good books.

1 have made an the original article, becaufe it is only the Saxon an, or arn,
on.', applied to a new ufe, as the German tm, and the French un : the n being
cut off before a conibnant in the fpeed of utterance. ~

Grammarians of the laft age direft, that an fhould be ufed
before h ; whence it appears that the Englilh anciently afpirated
lefs. Jn is ftill ufed before the filent b, as, an herb, an haneft
man : but otherwife a ; as,

A horfe, a horfe, my kingdom for a horfe. Shakefpeatt.

An or a can only be joined with a ftngular, the correfpondent
plural is the noun without an article, as Iivant a fen ; J ivant
fens : or with the pronominal adjt&'ivefome, as / luant fome fens.

The has a particular and definite fignification.

The fruit
Of that forbidden tree, whofe mortal talle
Brought death into the wor!d. Milton.

That is, that f articular fruit, and this tvorld in ivhich iiiie live.
So, He giveth fodder for the cattle, and green herbs for the ufe of
man ; that is, for thofe beings that are cattle, and his ufe that
is man.

The is ufed in both numbers.

I am as free as Nature firft made man.

Ere the bafe laws of fervitude began.

When wild in woods the noble favage ran. D'ryden.

Many words are nfed without articles ; as,

1. Proper names, as John, Alexander, Longinus, Arijlarchus,
ferufalem, Athens, Rome, London. GoD is ufed as a proper name.

2. AbftraA names, as blacknefs, nuitchcraft , virtue, vice, beauty,
uglinefs, love, hatred, anger, good-nature, kindnefs,

3. Words in which nothing but the mere being of any thing
is implied : This is not beer, but water : this is not brafs, but

fleel.

Of Nouns Substantives,

The relations of Englilh nouns to words going before or fol-
lowing, are not exprelfed by cafes, or changes of termination,
but as in moft of the other European languages by prepofitiont,
unlefs we may be faid to have a genitive cafe.

I

Nom.
Gen.

Dat.
Ace.
Voc.
Abl.

Singular.
Magifter, a Mailer, the Mailer.

Magillri, of a Mailer, of the Mailer, or Mailers,

the Mallert.
Magillro, to a Mailer, to the Mailer.
Magillrum, a Mailer, the Mailer.
Magifter, Mafter, O Mafter.

Magillro, from » Mafter, from tbt Mailer.

Plural.

A GRAMMAR OF THE

Plural.

Nom. Magillrl, Madcrs, the Matters.

Gen. Magillrorum, e/"Mailfrs, of the yiiAex%.

Dat. Magiftris, to Mailers, to the Matters.

Ace. Magiftros, Matters, the Matters.

Voc. Magiftii, Matters, O Matters.

Abl. Magiftris, from Matters, from the Matters.

Our nouns are therefore only declined thus :

Matter, Gen. Matters. Plur. Matters.

Scholar, Cen. Scholars. Tlur. Scholars.

Thcfe genitives are always written with i mark of clifion, majier't, fcholar's,
according to an opinion long received, tliat the '» is a contraction of hit, as the
foldier't valour, for ihifild'ier his vaUur i but this cannot be the true original,
bccaufe 's is put to femile nouns, ff^anan's htauiy ; the Virgin' t delicacy ; Haughty
^/»'i unrtltntmg bate : and collcflivc nouns, as fVomcn's paffant, the rahik't
mfilence, the multitude'' t felly ; in all thefe cafes it is apparent that his cannot be
underftood. We fay liiccwifc, thefouitdaiion'sjlrengih, the diamord's lujire, the
lyinter's ftvcrity ; but in thefe cafes bis may be underftood, he and bis having
tormirly been applied to neuters in the place now fupplied by it and its.

The learned and fagacinus Wilis, to whom cveiy Engliili grammarian owes a
tribute of reverence, calls this modification of the noun an adjeHiv: Ix.JJiJJlvc ;
1 think with no more propriety than he might have applied the fame to rhe geni-
tive in iqultuin decus, Trjte oris, or any other Latin genitive. Dr.Lowth, on the
Other part, fuppofes the pofTelfive pronouns i«i«r and thir:t to be genitive cafes.

This termination of tnc noun feems to conftitute a leal genitive indicating
pofleflion. It is derived to us from thofe who declined rmi8, afmiih; Gen.
.r.TlScp, ofafmith ; t'lur. J-mxiScJ-, or rmi8aJ-,_/»H»i>j ; and fo in two other of
tlicir fevcn decletiHons.

It is a further confirmation of this opinion, that in the old poets both the
genitive anj plural were longer by a fyliable than the original word ; kiitis, for
knight's, in Chaucer ; Uavis, for haves, in Spenfcr.

When a word ends in s, the genitive may be tile fame with the nominative, as
Vertis Temple.

The plural is formed by adding /, as table, tables ; fly, flies ;
fifler,fij}ers ; •vjood, ivoods ; or es where s could not other^vife be
founded, as after ch, s, Jh, x, a ; after c founded like s, and g
I'lkej ; the mute e is vocal before s, as lance, lances ; outrage,
tut rages.

The formjtion of the plural and genitive fingular is the fame.

A few words yet mak.e the plural in a, as men, nvotncn, oxen, fwine, and more
anciently eyin -^ni finon. This f jrmation is that which generally prevails in the
Xeutonick dialects.

Words that end in /"commonly form their plural by -ves, as
haf, loaves ; calf, calves.

Except a few, muff, muffs ; chitf, chiefs. So bttf, reof, frtKf, relief, mifcbief,
fuff, cuff, dwarf, handkerchief, grief.

Irregular plurals are teeth from tmib, Hce from hufe, mice from mcufe, ge.fe
{com gotfe, feel from/of-r, dice from die, fence Uom penny, br^:hren from brother,
children from child.

Plurals -ending in s have for the moft part no genitives ; but
we fay, Womens excellencies, and ff''ei^h the mens ivits again/l the
ladies hairs. Pope.

Dr. Wallis thinks the Lords' hmfe may be faid for the houjt if Lords ; but fuch
phrafes are not now in ufe ; and furcly an Englilh ear rebels againll them. They
would commonly produce a troublefome ambiguity, as the L'.rd's buufe may be
the beuje of Lords, or the houfe of -x Lord. Belidcs that the mark of clifion is
in>proper, for in the Lords' houfe nothing is cut off.

Some Englifli fubftantives, like thofe of many other languages, change their
tarr.iinatjon as they exprefs diftei ent fexcs, as prince, princefs ; alJor, aSrcfs ; Rm,
Hone's ; hero, heroine. To thefe mentioned by Dr. Lowth may be added arb'iirefs,
poetifs, ehaunlrejs, duchefs, ligrefs, governefs, tuirefs, pecrefs, authorefs, traytrefs,
and perhaps others. Of thefe variable terminations we have only a fufficient
number to make us feel our want ; for when we fay of a woman that flie is a
ph'tUfpher, an ajlroncmer, a builder, a iveaver, a dancer, we perceive an impro-
priety in the terminatii'n which we cannot avoid ; but we can fay that (he is an
trehiliH, a hotaniJI, ifudtni, becaufe thefe terminations have not annexed to
tinm tlie notion of (ex. Jn words which the nece(rities of life are often re-
quiring, the fex is dift.njuilhcd not by different terminations, but by dift'ercnt
names, as, a bull, a conu ; a hcrfe, a mare ; eijuus, ejua ; a cock, a hen j and fome-
times by pronouns prefixed, as a he.goai, u (kc-goat.

Of Adjectives.
Adjeflives in the finglifti language are wholly indeclinable ;
having neither cafe, gender, nor number, and being added to
fubftantives in all relations without any change ; as a good wo-
man, good luomen, of a good nuoman ; a good man, good men, of
good men.

The ComparifoH of AdjeSllves.

The comparative degree of adjeftives is formed by adding «•,
the fuperlative by adding efl, to the pofitive ; as fair, fairer,
iwefl ; lo--jely,\ost\\er, loveli^y? ; /ivtv/, fweet^r, fweet^ ; lotti,
lower, \cwfjl ; high, liighrr, high;-/?.

Some words are irregularly compared ; as good, better, hcjl ;
bad, eworfe, tvorfi ; little, lifs, leaft ; near, nearer, next ; much,
more, moj} ; many (or mce), more (for moer), mofl (for moeji') ; late,
later, latefl or laj}.

Some comparatives form a fuperlative by adding tnofl, as
nether, ncthcrmofl ; outer, oiUermofi ; under, undermofl ; up, upper,
upper mojf ; fore, former, for emoji.

Moft is fometimes added to a fubftantive, as topmoft , fiuthmoft .

Many adjeftives do not admit of comparifon by terminations,'
and are only compared by more and mojl, as benevolent, mart
bene'volent , moft benevolent.

All adjeiSives may be compared by more and m»ft, even when
they have comparatives and fuperlatives regularly formed ; as
fair ; fairer, or more fair ; faireft, or moft fair.

In adjectives that admit a regular comparifon, the comparative mive !< oftener
ufed than the fuperlative rmfi, as more fair is oftener written lot fairer, than molt
fair for faircf.

The comparifon. of adjeftives is very uncertain ; and being
much regulated by commodioufnefs of utterance, or agreeable-
nefs of found, is not eafily reduced to rules.

Monofyllables are commonly compared.

Polyfyllables, or words of more than two fyllables, are feldom
compared otherwife than by more and moft, as deplorable, tnort
deplorable, moft deplorable.

Diflyllables are feldom compared if they terminate in feme,
as fiilfome, toilfome ; in ful, as careful, ffleenfiil, dreadful ; in
ing, as trifling, charming ; in ous, as porous ; in lefs, as carehfs,
harmlefs ; in ed, as luretched ; in id, as candid ; in al, as mortal ;
in enf, as recent , fer'vent ; in ain, as certain ; in ive, as mijjive ;
XTsdy, zs luoody ; vn. ff, as pttfly ; in ^Vj is.rociy, except IticHy ;
in my, as roomy ; in ny, asjkinny ; in py, as ropy, except happy ;
in ry, as hoary.

Some comparatives and fuperlatives are yet found in good writers, formed
without regard to the foregoing rules : but in a language fubjeCted fo little and fo
lately to grammar, fuch anomalies mull freijuently occur.

Sojtady is compared by Milton.

She '\t\padieji covert hid,
Tun'd her ooCturnal note. Faradife Lojt.

And virtuws.

What (he wills to fay or do.
Seems wifefl, virtutujeji, difcreetcft, bell. Paradije Lefl.

So trifing, by Ray, who is indeed of no great authority.

it is not fo decorous, in refpeCl of God, that he (hould immediately
do all 'the meaneft and trifingrj} things himfclf, without making ufe of
any inferior or fubordinate minider. Ray on the Creation.

Famous, by Milton.

1 (hall be nam'd among the famoufcjl
Of women, fung at folemn fellivals. Milton's Agtniftes.

In-vent'nie, by jijcham. '

Thofe have the invent'eveft beads for all purpofes, and roundell tongues
in all matters. uijebam's Schoolmafier.

Mortal, by Bacon.

The martalefl poifons praClifed by the Weft Indians, have fomc mixture
of the blood, fat, or flclh of man. Bacon,

Natural, by Wottos.

I will now deliver a few of the properefl and naturolkfi confiderations
that belong to this piece. Wotlon's Arcbitcciure.

IVretehed, by Jonfon.

The ivretcheder are the contemners of all helps j fuch as prefuming on
tiieir own naturals, deride diligence, and mock at terms when they un-
dcrdand not things. Ben fonfm.

Vnverful, by Milton.

We have fuftain'd one day in doubtful fight,
What heav'n's great King hath f.w'rfifl.'eji to fend
Againft us from about his throne. Paradije Lcfi,

■ The

ENGLISH TONGUEi

The term!«»t!on \n !Jh any be acceunteJ In fome fort 9 degree of comparifon,
by which the fignlnca.ioa is diminiihed below the poficive, as ilacky black'ijhy or
tending to bbcknefs ; jah,Jahijk, or having a little tafte of fait : they therefore
admit no comparifon. This termination is fddom added bntto words expreiling
fenfible qualities, nor often to words of above one fy)Uble, and is fcaredy ufed
io the foiemn or fubiimc llyle. ' ■

CyPRONOUNS.

Pronouns, in the EngHfti language, are, /, thtu, be, with fHeir
plurals, ttie, ye, they ; it, ivho, luhich, •what, ivhether, ivho/oe-ver ,
<vibalfoen:er , m/, mine, our, ours, thy, thine, your, yours, his, hir,
hers, their, theirs, this, that, other, another , ^x\\c fame , fame.

The pronoans perfonal are irregularly inflefted.
Singular. Plural.

Nom. I

We

Accuf. and other ) -^
oblique caies. ]

Us

AW. Thou

Ye

Oblique. Thee

You

Ysu is commonly ufed ia modern writers foryr, particularly in the language of
cere:aonJr, where the fccond perfon plural is ufed for the fecond perfon fingular,
Yi,u art my fr':ei:tt'

Singular. Plural.

Ouique. Sfm TheL } ^^^^"^ " mafcuHnes.

Nom. She Thev 1 , ,• . r • •

Ohl,que. Her Them } '^PP^'^'^ '° fem.nines.

rpi ^ {• Applied to neuters or things.

Nom.
Obliqut,

It

Its

For // the praflice of ancient writers was to ufe he, and for
;■//, his.

The poffeflive pronCuns, like other adjeftives, are without
cafes or change of termination.

The pofleflivk of the fitH perfoa is my, mine, our, tun ; of the
fecond, thy, thine, your, yours ; of the third, from he, his ; hoxajhe,
her, and hers ; and in the plural their^ theirs, for both fexes.

Ouri, yeurt, km, tle-rt, are ufed *hen the ftblantive preceding is fcparatcd
by a ve;b, at T^^jirr our Ae«>i. Theft kaki art van. Your ebiUm tsKti oars
infijttirej hut ours Jurpajx yours tn /ei:rn'!Jig.

Can, yiuri, ten, ibtiri, notwithllanding their feeming plural termination,
are applied equally to Angular and plural fubltaotives, as, Ti!>;i hock ii ourt. Theft
betki are ours.

Mitu and ih'mt were formerly ufed before a vowel, as mine amUblthdy ; which,
though now difufed in profe, might be ftill properly continued in poetry : they are
ofed as tun and j'»r>, and are referred to a fubftantive preceding, as thy houfe is
larger than mine, but jny garden if more fpacioui than thim.

Their znd. theirs are the pofleflives likewife o{ they, when they
it the plural of ;>, and are therefore applied to things.

Pronouns relative ZKriuh*, -which, ivhat, tuhether, •who/oever,
%ohatfoei:er.

Sing and Plur.
Nom. Who

Gen. Whofe

Other oblique cafes. Whom

Sing, and Plur.
Nom. Which
Gen. Of which, or whofe
Other oblique cafes. Which.

Wba is now ufed in relation to perfons, and ivhkb in relation to things ; but
they were anciently confounded. At leatt it was common to fay, the roan Vfhlcb,
though 1 remember no example of the thing lubo,

Whaft if rather th« poetical than regular genitive of vihkb :.
The fruit
Of that forbidden tree, ivbefe nwrtal tafie
Brought death into the world. Mitlon,

H^tbtr is only ufed in the nominative and accufative cafei ; and has nc plural,
being applied only to on< of a number, commonly to one of two, as Whether of
Ihtfi ij lift liitvtu not. Whether flyall I tboofe ? It Is now almod obfolete.

What, whether relative or interrogative, is without variation.
IVhofoe'ver, nvhatfoever , being compounded of who 01 "what,
zadfoevcr, follow th« rule of their primitives,

Si

In all cafes, <

Singular.
This
That
Other
Whether

Plural.
Thefe
Thofe
Others

The plural ctbers is not ufed but when it is referred to a fubllantive preceding,
as / huvcfent other korfes. I have nctfint the fame horfcs, but others.

Another, being only an other, has no plural.

Here, there, and 'where, joined with certain particles, have a
relative and pronominal ule. Hereof, herein, hereby, hereafter,
herei'jith, thereof, therein, thereby, thereupon, there-tuith, luhereof,
•wherein, •ivherehy, luhereupon, ivhereivtth, which lignify, of this,,
in this, &c. of that, in that, &C. ofivhieh, inivhich, &C.

Therefore and ivherefore, which are properly, there for and
•where for, for that, for •which, are now reckoned conjunflions,
and continued in ufe. The reft feem to be paffing by degrees
into negleft, though proper, ufeful, and analogous. They are-
referred both to lingular and plural antecedents.
• There are two more words ufed only in conjunftion with pro*
nouns, ciun ^ndfelf.

Oiun is added to polTeflives, both lingular and plural, as my
own hand, our own hciife. It is emphatical, and implies a filent
contrariety or oppofition ; as / li^ve in my oiun houfe, that is, not
in a hired houfe. This 1 did •with my OTvn band, that is, ivithotit
help, or not by proxy.

Selfh added to pofleflives, as myfclf,yourf elves ; and fometimes
to perfonal pronouns, as himfelf, itfelf, themfel-ves. It then, like
own, exprefles emphafis and oppolition, as / did this myfelf,
tliat is, Mt another ^ or it forms a reciprocal pronoun,- as We
hurt oiirfel'ves by •vain ragi.

IVimfdf, itfelf, ibimfelves, are fuppofed by Wallis to be put, hy corruption, for
bit felf, it' JL-lf,. their fjvii ;. (a ihii felf is always a fubllantivc. This feema
juilly obf:rved, for we- fay. He came himfif; Himftlffliall do this ; where himfelf
cannot be an accufatiTC*

Of the V Z V^ ^.

Englifh verb* are afl.iv«, as / lo^ve ;. or neater, z.t.Lliinguif>t
The neuters are formed like the aftives.

Mod verbs fignifying aClhn may likewife fignify condition or hebit, and becoms
neuters, a^ / love, 1 am in luvc j Iflrikc, I am now llrilcing.

Verbs have only two tenfes inflefted in their terminations, the
prefent, and the fimple preterite ; the other tenfes are compounded
of the auxiliary verbs ha've, fhall, •will, let, may, can, and the in*
finitive of the aftive or neuter verb.

The pafiive voice is formed by joining the participle preterite
to the fubftantive verb, as / am loved.

To ha^ve. Indicative Moodi

Prefent Tenfe.
Sing. I have ; thou haft ; he hath or has ;
Fltir. ire have ; ye have ; they have.

Hal is a termination corrupted from hath, hut now more frequently tt<cd botll'-
in verfe and profc.

Simple Preterite.
Sing. I had ; thou hadft ; he had ;
Plur. We had ; ye had ; they had.

Compound Preterite.
Sing. I have had ; thou haft had ; he has or hath had ;
Flur. We have had ; ye have had ; they have had.

PreterpluperfcS.
Sing. I had had ; thou hadft had ; he had had ;-
Plur. We had had ; ye had had ; they had had.

Future.
Sing. I (hall have ; thou (halt have ; he fliall have ;■
Plur. W( (hail have ; yt (hall have ; they Ihall have.

A GRAMMAR OF THE

SeetHd Futurt.
Slug. I will have ; thou, wilt have ; be will have ;
Plur. IVe will have ; ye will have ; they will have.

By Tudiog thele future tcnfci may be obfenred the vuiationt t>{ Jball and
will.

Imperative Mood.
Sing. Have, w have thou ; let him have ;
Plur, Let HI have ; have, or have ye ; let them have,

Conjunflive Mood.

Prefetit.
Sing, I have ; thou have ; he have ; %

Plur. We have ; ye have ; they have.

Preterite fimfle as in the Indicative.

Preterite compound.
Sing, I have had ; /^eu have had ; he have had ;
Plur. Ife have had ; ye have had ; they have had.

Sing, I (hall have ; as in the Indicative.

Second Future,
Sing. I (hall have had ; thou (halt have had ; be (hall have had ;
Plur. We (hall have had ; ye (hall have had j they (hall have had.

Potential.
The potential form of fpeaking is expre(red by may, can, in
the prefent ; and might, could, or Jhould, in the preterite, joined
with the infinitive mood of the verb.

Pre/ent,
Sing. I may have ; thou mayft have ; he may kave{
Plur. We may have ; ye may have; they may ha%'c.

Preterite.
Sing. I might have ; thou mighttt have ; he might have ;
Plur. We might have ; ye might have i they might have.

Prefent.
Sing. I can have ; thoa canft have ; he can have^
Plur. We can have ; ye can have ; they can have.

Preterite.
Sing, /could have ; thou couldft have ; be could have;
J'lur. We could have ; ye could have ; they could have.

In like manner Jhould is united to the verb.

There is likewife a double preterite.
Sing. I Ihould have had ; thou (houldll have had ; be Ihould have

had ;
Plur. We (hould have had ; j'f ihould have had ; they Ihould have
had.
In like manner we ufe, / might have had ; / could have had,
iSc.

In(inttive Mood.

Prefent. To have. Preterite, To have had.

Participle pT if ent. Having. Partiiiple preler. Had.

Verb Aftive. " To lovt.

Indicative. Prefent,
Sing, /love; //^ox loveft ; /v loveth, or loves j
Plur. We love ; ye love ; they love.

Prefer in Jimple.
Sing, /loved; fltoM lovedll ; Af loved;
Plur. We loved ; ye loved ; they lo\'ed.

Prettrperfeit compound. I have loved, ^u

Preterpluperfeil. J had loved, ij(.

Future. J (hall bve, Wc . / will love, ^c.

Imperative.
Sing. Love, «r love thou ; let him love ;
Plur. Let atf love j love, or lovc>* ; let them love.

Conjunftive. Preftnt.
Sing. I love ; thou love ; he love ;
Plur. We love ; ye love ; they love.

Preterite fimple, as in the Indicative.
Preterite compound. I have loved, l^c.
Future. I (hall love, i^c.
Second Future. I fliall have loved, tic.

Potential.
Prefent. I may or can Iwe, t5ff.
Preterite, /might, could, «r (hould Iove,£sf<-.
Double Preterite. J might, could, or (hould have loved, fcff.

Infinitive.
Prtfent. To love. Preterite. To have loved.

Participle prefent. Loving. Participle paft. Loved.

The palTive is farmed by the addition of the participle prete-
rite to the diiFerent tenfes of the verb to be, which muft there-
fore be here exhibited.

Indicative. Prefent,
Sing. I am ; thou art ; he'u;

Plur. We are, or be ; ye are, or be ; they are, or be.
The plural tc is now Uctle in ufe.

Preterite.
Sing. I was ; thou waft, or wert ; A« wa« ;
Plur. We were ; ye were ^ //^{y were.

fyeri is properly of the conjunflive mood, and ought not to be ttfed !a the
indicative.

Preterite compound, /have been, lie-.
Preterpluperfea. I had been, l^c.
Future. I (liall or will be, i£c.

Imperative.
Sing. Be thou ; let him be ;
Plur. Letajbc; be_;v ; Xttthemhe,

Conjunftive, Prefent,
Sing. I be ; thou beeft ; ^^ be ;
Plur. We be ■; _;'^ be ; they be.

Preterite,
Sing. I wpre ; thou wert ; he were;
Plur. We were ; ye were ; they were.

Preterite compound. /Jiave been, ^r.
Future. I (hall have been, ^r.

PotentiaJ.
/ may er can ; would," could, or (hould be ; could, would, w
(hould have been, tSc,

Infinitive.
Prefent, To be. Preterite. To have been.

Participle prefent. Being, Participle preter. Having been.

PalTive Voice. Indicative Mood.
/ an loved, lie. I was loved, ^c I have been loved, He.

If /be loved, ^f.
loved, He,

Conjunftive Mood.
If / were loved, He,

If /ftiall have been
Potential

ENGLISH TONGUE.

Potential Mood,
/may er can be loved, tfr . / might, could, er (hould be loved,
i^c /might, could, er fliould have been loved, (sfc^

Infinitive.
Frtfent. To be loved. Preteriie. To have been loved.
Participle. Loved.

There is another form of Engli(h verbs, in which the infinitive
mood is joined to the verb do in its various infledions, which are
therefore to be learned in this place.

To Do;

Indicative. Prefent,
Sing, I do ; thou doft ; it doth ;
Flur. IVeioijieio; they do.

PreterUf,
Sing. I did ; thou didll ; he did ;
Plur. We did ; ye did ; they did.
Preterite, i^c. / have done, tsfc. /had done, ^c,
Future. I Ihall or will do, ^c.

Imperative.
Sing. Do thou ; let him do;
Flur. Let ut do; ioye; let them do.

Conjunftive. Preftnt.
Sing. / do ; thou do ; ^* do ;
Plur. We do sye do; they do.

The reft are as in the Indicative.

Infiniti've. To do ; to have done.

Participle prefent. Doing. Participle preter. Done.

Do is fometimes ufed fuperfluoufly, as / do love, /did love;
fimply for / love, or / loved; but this is confidered as a vitious
mode of fpeech.

It is fometimes ufed emphatically; as,

/ do love thee, and vihen I love thee net.

Chaos is come again. Shakefpeare.

It is frequently joined with a negative ; " as / like her, hut I
do not love her ; I vjijhed him fuccefi , but did not help him. This,
by cnftom at leaft, appears more eafy than the other form of
cxpreffing the fame fenfe by a negative adverb after the verb, /
like her, but love her not.

The Imperative prohibitory is feldom applied in the fecond
perfon, at leaft in profe, without the word do ; as Stop him, but
do not hurt him ; Praife beauty, but do not dote on it.

Its chief ufe is in interrogative forms of fpeech, in which it is
ufed through all the perfons ; as Do / live ? Doft thou Jlrike
me? Do they rebel ? Did J complain F DidA thou love her? Did
Jhe die ? So likewife in negative interrogations ; Do / not yet
griev!? D\d file not die ?

Do and did are thus ufed only for the prefent and fimple pre-
terite.

There is another manner of conjugating neuter verbs, which,
when it is ufed, may not improperly denominate them neuter
pajjivei, as they are inflefted according to the paffive form by the
help of the verb fubftantive to be. They anfwer nearly to the
reciprocal verbs in Frencli ; as

1 am rifen, furrexi, Latin ; Je me fuis leve, French,
I vjas vjalkedout, exieram ; Je m'etois promene.

In tike manner we commonly exprefs the prefent tenfe ; a;, I am going, to.
1 am grieving, ditto. She is dying, ilia morilur. The temped is raging, /«nf
proctlla. I am purfuing an enemy, brtji^m wjequor. So the other tenfcs, as, tVt
vitr- -uialking, iluyx^nitn <«{iw»lWif, / havt iien v/olkirg, I had ittn walking,
&a^ or ivi/l bt 'walki'^z.

Vol. I.

There Is another manner of ufing the aftive participle, which gives !t a paji
five fignificarion : as, The grammar is now printing, graixmauca jam tiun
charlis mprimilur. The brals is forging, <rrj cxcuduijiur. This is, in my opi-
nion, a vitious exprcflion, probably corrupted from a phrafe more pure, but now
fomewhat obfolete : The took it a printing. The brafs is a forging ; a being pro-
perly at, and printing and forging verbal nouns fignifying ailion, according to
the analogy of this language.

The indicative and conjunflive moods are by modern writers frequently con-
founded, or rather the conjunftive is wholly neglefted, when fome convenience
of verCfication does not invite its revival. It is ufed among the purer writers of
former times after if, though, ere, before, till or until, -whether, except, un/eft,
•whatjofver, luhomfeever, and words of wifhing ; as, Doubilefs ihou art our father,
though Abraham be ignorant of us, and Ifael acknowledge us not,

0/"Irregular Veres.

The Englilh verbs were divided by Ben Jonfon into four con-
jugations, without any reafon arifing from the nature of the lan-
guage, which has properly but one conjugation, fuch as has been
exemplified ; from which all deviations are to be confidered as
anomalies, which are indeed in our monofyllable Saxon verbs,
and the verbs derived from them, very frequent ; but almoft all
the verbs which have been adopted from other languages, follow
the regular form.

Our verbs are obferved by Dr. Wallls to be irregular only in the formation of
the preterite, and its participle. Indeed, in the fcantinefs of our conjugations,
there is fcarcely any other place for irregularity.

The firft irregularity is a (light deviation from the regular
form, by rapid utterance or poetical contraction : the laft plia-
ble ed is often joined with the former by fuppreffionof ^ ; as lov^d
for loved ; after c, cb,fh,f, k, x, and after the confonantsy", th,
when more ftrongly pronounced, and fometimes after m, n, r, if
preceded by a fhort vowel, / is ufed in pronunciation, but very
feldom in writing, rather than d ; as plac't, fnatch't,fjh^t, vjak't,
dvL-eV t , fmel' t ; (or plac'd,/aatch'd,fljh'd, ivak'd, dwel'dffriel'd i
or placed, fnatched,fl/hed, vjaked, divelled , fmelled,

Thofe words which terminate in / or//, or p, m^ke their pre-
terite in /, even in folemn language ; as crept, felt, divelt,
fometimes after *■, ed is changed into /, as vext ; this is not con-
ftant.

A long vowel is often changed into- a Ihort one ; thus, kept,
flept, vjept, crept, f-wept ; from the verbs, to keep, Xajleep, to vieep,
to creep, Xo/iueep.

Where </ or / go before, the additional letter d or /, in thii
contrafted form, coalefce into one letter with the radical d ox t ;
if/ were the radical, they coalefce into / ; but if a' were the ra>
dical, then into d or t, as the one or the other letter may be
more eafily pronounced : as read, kd,fpread, fhed, fhred, bid, hid,
chid, fed, bled, bred,fped,f}rid,Jlid, rid; from the verbs to read,
to lead, tofpread, to Jhed, to /bread, to bid, to hide, to chide, to'
feed, to bleed, to breed, tofpeed, to firide, to flide, to ride. And
thus, caft, hurt, coft, bitrji, eat, beat, fvjeet. Jit, quit, fmit, ivri',
bit, hit, met, jhot ; from the verbs to cafi, to hurt, to ccfl, to
burfi, to eat, to beat, to f-weat, to fit, to quit, to fmite, to vjrite,
to bite, to hit, to meet, to fhoot. And in like manner, lent, fent,
rent, girt ; from the verbs to lend, to fend, to rend, to gird.

The participle preterite or pafTive is often formed in en, in-
ftead of ed ; as been, taken, given, flain, knovjn ; from the verbs
lobe, to take, to give, to flay, to know.

Many words have two or more participles, as not only vuritten,
bitten, eaten, beaten, hidden, chidden, fhotten, chofen, broken ; but
likewife imit, hit, eat, beat, hid, chid, fhot, chofe, broke, arc pro-
mifcuoufly ufed in the participle, from the verbs to vurite, to
bite, to eat, to beat, to hide, to chide, to fhoot, to cboofe, to break,
and many fuch like.

In the fame manneryoTt;^, fhevjn, hevin, movin, loaden, laden,
as well a.sfoiv'd, fhevi'd, hevj'd, moiv'd, loaded, laded, from the
verbs to yoTLu, to fhevi, to hevi, to movj, to load, or lade.

Concerning theie double participles it is difficult to give any
rule ; but he ftiall feldom err who remembers, that when a verb

I has a participle diftinft from its preterite, as tf:riu, ivrote, ivrit-
len, that diftindt participle is more proper and elegaat, as Tite
h iook

A GRAMMAR OF THE

ie*i is written, is better th»n Tin book is wrote. UWoie however
may be oled in poetry ; at lead if we allow any authority to
poets, who, in the exultation of genius, think therafclves perhaps
entitled to trample on grammarians.

There are other anomalies in the preterite.

1. Win, /fin, begin, Jnuim, ftriitt, ftick, ft'ig, fling, fling, ring,
nuring, I'friiig, J'lving, drink. Jink, Jhrink, ftink, come, run,fiitd^
hind, grind, tuind, both in the preterite, imperfeft, and partici-
ple palfive, give -iich, /pun, begun, Jivum, flruck, ftuck, Jung,
flung, flung, rung, iorung,/prung,/'Wiing, drunk,J'unk, Jhrunk, flunk,

camt, run,fouhd, bound, ground, ivound. And moft of them are
alfo formed in the preterite by a, as began, rang, Jang, fprang,
drank, came, nh, and fome others ; but moft of thefe are now
obfolete. Some in the participle paflive likewife take en, as
J}ricken,flrucken, drunken, boundtn.

2. Fight, teach, reach, Jeek, hejeech, catch, buy, bring, think,
rtvork, make fought, taught, raught, Jought, bejoughl, caught,
bought, brought, thought, 'wrought.

But a great many of thefe retain likewife the regular form,
as teached, reached, bejeeched, catcbed, tvorked.

ak,

3. Take, jhake, forjake, luake, axvake, fland, break, Jp.
hear , fljear ,JiMear , tear, t.\iear,iuea've, cleave, flrive, thri-ve, drii/e,
Jhine, rije, arije, Jmile, ivrite, bide, abide, ride, cbooje, chuje,
tread, get, beget, forget, feethe, make in both preterite and partici-
ple tookr Jhook, forjook, ■woke, awoke , flood , broke, Jpoke, bore,Jhorc,

Jwore, tore, 'wore, 'wo've, clove, flrove, thro<ve, dro've, Jhone, rofe,
aroJe,Jmote, lurote, bode, abode, rode, choje, trode, got, begot, for-
got, Jod. But we fay likewife, thri-ve, riJe, Jmit, ivrit, nbid,
rid. In the preterite fome are likewife formed by a, as brake,
/pake, bare, Jhare, /-ware, tare, 'ware, clave, gat, begat, forgat,<
and perhaps fome others, bit more rarely. In the participle
paflive many of them are formed by en, as taken, /haken, J'or-
Jaken, broken, Jpoken, born, Jhorn, J'worn, torn, 'worn, 'wo'ven,
flo'ven, thri'ven, driven, rifen, fmitten, ridden, chojen, troddat, got-
ten, begotten, forgotten, fodden. And many do likewife retain
the analogy in both, as 'waked, a'waked, /beared, txiectved, lea-ved,
abided, feet bed.

4. Gi've, bid, fit, make in the preterite ga've, bade, fate; in
the participle paflive, giijen, bidden, fitten ; but in both lid.

5. Dravj, ino'w, gro'w, throtv, bloiu, croi.u like a cock, fly,
Jlay, Jee, ly, make their preterite dre'w, kne'w, greiv, threvo,

hienu, crevi, flc'w, fle'v>,Ja'w, lay; their participles paflive by »,
dra'wn, knovjn, gro'wn, thro'wn, blovjn, flotvn, flain, Jeen, lien,
lain. Yet from flee is made fled; from go, -went, from the old
nxiend, the participle is gotie.

Of Derivation.

Th»( the Engli(h language may b« more eafily underftnod, it is ntccflary to
encjuire how its derivative words are deduct from their primitives, and how the
primitives are borrowed from other languages. In this enquiry I fhall fome-
times copy Dr. Wallis, and f«mctimes endeavour to fupply his dei'"efts, and rec-
tify his errouts.

Nouns are derived from verbs.

The thing implied in the verb, as done or produced, is com-
monly either the prefent of the verb; as tolove, /e-uf ; to fright,
^fright; to fight, 3i.flght; or the preterite of the verb, as, to
flrike, I ftrick or ftrook, zflroke. ,

The aftion is the fame with the participle prefent, as loving,
frighting, fighting, flriking.

The agent, or perfon afting, is denoted by the fyllable er
added t« the verb, as lo'vcr, fighter, flriker.

Subllantives, adjeftives, and fometimes other parts of fpeech,
are changed into verbs : in which cafe the vowel is often
kngthened, or the confonant foftened ; as a houfe, to houfe ;
brafs, to braze; glafs, to glaze; grzis, to graze ; price, to prize ;
breath, to breathe; a filh, to fi/h ; oil, to oil; further, to fur-
ther ; forward, to forward ; hinder, to hinder.

Sometimes the termination en is added, efpecially to ad-

jc£lives J 34 hafte, t» iaflen ; length, to lengthtn ; Jtrength, to

' I

ftrengthen ; (hort, to flporten ; faft, t§ fsflen j white, te •wbiien p
black, to blacken; hard, to harden ; foft, to /often.

From fubftantives are formed adjeilives of plenty, by adding
the termination y; as a loufe, lou/y ; wealth, 'wealthy ; healths
healthy ; might, mighty ; worth, 'worthy ; wit, 'witty ; luft, lufly ;
water, luatery ; earth, earthy ; wood, a wood, 'woody ; air, airy j
a heart, hearty ; a hand, handy.

From fubltantives are formed adjeftives of plenty, by adding
the termination />//, denoting abundance; as }oy, Joyful ; fruit,
fruitj'ul ; youth, youthful; care, careful; ufe, uj'efuh, delight^
deligbtj'ul; p\twVj , plentiful ; he\p, he/pfut.

Sometimes, in almoft the fame fenie, but with fome kind of
diminution thereof, the termin.ition fome is added, denoting
/oinetbing, or in/ome degree, ; as delight, delight/ome; game, game"
/ome; irk, irkj'ome ; burden, burdenjomei trouble, troublesome i
light, lightjome ; hand, handjome ; alone, lone/ome ; toil, tailjomt.
On the contrary, the termination le/s added to fubltantives,
makes adjectives fignifying want; as ivorthle/s, ivitlefj, heart'
le s, joyleji, careUfs, helflefu Thus comfort, ccmfortlefs ; fap,
faple/s.

Privation or contrariety is very often denoted by the par-
ticle «« prefixed to many adjedtives, or in before words derived
from the Latin ; as pleafant, unpleafant ; Wife, univife ; profit-
able, unprofitable ; patient, impatient. Thus unworthy, unhealthy,,
unfruitful, unufeful, and many more.

The original Englifh privative is un; but as we often borrow from the Latin,
or its defendants, words already fignifying privation, as mtffcac'avs, ttnf'aut^
mi't/rcet, the inleparable particles un and in have fallen into confufion, froia
which it is not cafy to dilentangle them.

Un is prefixed to all words "orginally EngUih ; as untrue, untruth, uniaugbtt
unkandfome.

Un is prefixed to all participles made privative adjcftives, as unfeeling, uruijpjt-
ing, unaided, unddigbud, unendeared.

Un ought never to be prefixed to a participle prefent, to mark a forbearance of
aftion, as unjighing ; but a privation oi habit, as unpitying.

Un is prefixed to moft fubftantives which have an Engliih termination, as un-
fertilcneji^ unpcr/e&nefi, which, if they have borrowed terminations, take in or iw,
as infertility, inpir/e^fion ; uncivil, incivility ; una^ivc, incBl-vity.

In borrowing adjedtives, if we receive them already compounded, it is ufual
tojrctoin the partich prefixed, as indecent, inelegatt, impnJKr; but if we borrow
the adjcftive, and add the privative particle, w,; commonly prefix un, as unfdite,
ungaltant.

The prepofitive particles dit and mis, derived from the det
and mes of the French, fignify almoft the fame as un ; yet dis
rather imports contrariety than privation, fince it anfwers to
the Latin prepofition de. Mis inCnuates fome error, and for
the moft part may be rendered by the Latin words male or fer-
peram. To like, to diflike ; honour, di/honour ; to honour, to
grace, to di/honour, to di/graei; to deign, to di/deign; chance,
hap, mi/chance, mipap ; to take, to miflake ; deed, mi/deed ;
to ufe, to tHifufe ; to employ, to mifemploy ; to apply, to mij-
apply.

Words derived from Latin written with de or dis retain the
fame fignification ; as diflingui/h, diftinguo ; detraS, detraho j
de/ame, defamo ; detain, detineo.

The termination ly added to fubftantives, and fometimes to
adjedives, forms adjeftives that import fome kind of fimilitudc
or agreement, being formed by contraftion of lick or like.

A giant, giantly , giantlike ; earth, earthly ; heaven, beavtiilyi
\vot\6., ivorldly ; God, godly; good, goodly..

The fame termination ly added to adjeftives, forms adverb*
of like fignification ; as beautiful* beautifully ; fweet, fweetly ;
that is, in a beautiful manner ; 'with fome degree ofjhveetnejs.

The termination ijh added to adjeftives, imports diminution;
and added to fubftantives, imports fimilitude or tendency to a
charader; as green, greeni/h ; white, 'whiti/h ; ioit, fofti/h; a
thief, thievi/h; a wolf, •wol'viflj; a child, childi/h.

We have forms of diminutives in fubftantives, thotigh not
frequent; as a hill, a hillock; a cock, a cockrtl; a pike, a
pickrel; this is a French termination: a goofe, a gofiing; this
is a German rfrmination : a lamb, a lambkin ; a chick, a chicken ;
a man, a manikin ; a pipe, a pipkin \ and thus Halkin, whence the
patroniniick, Havikini; Wilkin, Thomkin, and others.

Yet

ENGLISH TONGUE.

Yet ftUl there h »not1>«r fcrm of diminution among the Englilh, by leflening
tJw found itfelf, efpecially of vowels ; as there is a form of augmenting them
by eolargingi or even lengthening it} and that fumetimcs not fo much by
thange of the letters, as o? their pronunciation ; as fuf, Jif, jmf, Jif, fiffit,
where, bolides the extenuation of the vowel, there is added tlie French termina-
tion ft ; tif, up; ffit, Jfoui; hebt, baby ; baby, (iitaic, great pronounced long,
efpecially if with a llroDgcr found, grta-t ; /;Vf/f pronounced long, /«.?/; j ling,
tang, long, imports a fuccelHon of fmaller and then greater founds; and fo in
jinglifjangU, tingle, tangle, am^ many other made words.

Much however if this ii arbitrary and fanciful, Aefcr.d'tng •wltlly on eral ut-
terance, and thcrifort fcarcely lucrihy the notice of ffallis,

Of concrete adjeftives are made abllraft fubftantives, by add-
ing the termination tir/t, and a few in booc/ or btacf, noting
charafter or qualities ; as white, luhitenefs ; hard, harcinefs ;
great, greatnefs ; flcilful, Jkilfulnefs , unjiilfuliiefs ; godhead, man-
hood, maidenhead, luidetvbood, knighthood, priejihood, likelihood,
faljehood.

There are other abftrafts, partly derived from adjeftives, and
partly from verbs, which are formed by the addition of the ter-
mination th, a fmall change being fometimes made ; as long,
\ length; Arong, _firength.; broad, breadth; wide, ixidth ; deep,
depth; true, truth; v/3.rm, luarmth ; desLr , dearth ; How, fleavth ;
merry, mirth ; heal, health; well, weal, ivealth; dry, drtughth ;
yoaag, jcuth; 3.nd {o moon, month.

Like thefe are forae words derived from verbs ; die, death ;
till, tilth ; grow, groimh ; mow, later tnoicth, after niovj'th ;
commonly fpoken and written later math, after math ; (leal,
Jiealth ; bear, birth ; rue, ruth ; and probably earth from to
ear ot plonu; &y,J!ighti weigh, -wei^t ; flay, /right; to draw,
draught.

Tbcfc ^uld rather be written Jligbti, frighih, only that cuftom wiU no'
fuffer i> to be twice repeated.

The fame form retain faith, (fight, v/retlbe, wraib, troth, froth, breath,
J'xth, worth, light, ivigbi, and the like, whofe primitives are either entirely
obfoletc, or feldom occur. Perhaps they arc derived inta fey 0'fy,Jfy, v)ry,
wreak, brew, m9U3,fry, bray, jay, vtcri*

Some ending in Jbip imply an office, employment, or con-
dition ; as kingjhif, luardjhip, guardianfbip, partiurjhip , fieivard-
Jhif, headfhip, lordjhip.

TTios wtrfi'ip, that is, vmtbpif ; whence vmjtiffu!, and to ten-jhif.

Some few ending in dom, rick, •wick, do efpecially denote
dominion, at leaft ftate or condition ; as kingdom, dukedom,
earldom, princedom, popedom, chriflendom, freedom, ivifdom, 'whore-
dom, bijhoprick, hailyiuick.

Ment and age are plainly French terminations, and are of
the (ame import with us as among them, fcarcely ever occur-
ring, except in words derived from the French, as command-
ment, u/age.

There are in Englifli often long train) of words allied by their meaning and
derivation } as f^ iw/, a bat, balcin, a battle, a beetle, a battle-door, id batter,
batter, a kind of glutinous compofition for food, made by beating different bo-
dies into one mal's. All thefe are of fimilar flgnification, and perhaps derived
from the Latin latui:. Thus take, imh, tickle, tack, tackle ; all imply a local
conjunSlofl, from the Latin tango, teiigi, taflum.

From izi'o are formed tivain, twice, twenty, twelme, twins, twine, twill, tivirl,
fwig, twit,B, twinge, between, betwixt, twilight, twibil.

The following remarks, extraQci from Wallis, an ingenious, but of more
fnktlety than folidity, and fuch as perhaps might in every language be enlarged
without end.

Sn ufually imply the n<jft, and what relates to it. From the Latin nafu,
ire deriwd the French mn and the Englilh mfe ; and ne/fe, a promontory, ai
proj-.lir. • like a nnfc. But as if from the cunlonants ai taken from ma/us,
an<i tri-iMfcd, that they may the better correfpond, /« denote nafui ; ini
tlitnrc arc d'a'ived many words that relate to the nofe, as fnout, fneeze, fnore,
fm-r, freer, Jmckir, jm*, Jneyil, fnke, huf, Jnuffle, fmifflc, Jnarle, f nudge.

There is another fn, which may perhaps be derived from the Latin Jinu}, as
fiuif, fneak, fnail, fnare ; (b likewife fnaf and /natch, /nib, /nub.

Bl imply a bh/} ; as A.'«ti, blafl, t(, bhji, to blight, and, metaphorically, to
Halt ones reputation ; bitat, bleak, a bleak place, to look bleak or wcather-
beatrn, bitak, thy, bleach, blufier, blurt, blijier, blab, bladder, bleb, bitfier, blab-
b-r-lit-t, blahh'r-chrtft, bl-jttd, bhte-herring!, blaji, blaM, ttblnu, that is, bh/.
/on, ilo'.m i jnd prrhap, hlood and blu/h.

ia '.he nauvc worJ^ of vur wngue is to bt fwnJ a great agreement between

the letters and the things fignified ; and therefore the founds t>f letters fmjller,
(harper, louder, clofer, fofter, ftronger, clearer, n>nre obfcurc, and more ftridu'
lotts, do very often intimate the like effefls in the things fjgnihed.

Thus words that begin with fr intimate the force and cffeft of the thinj
lignified, as if probably derived from rjiwu/xi, orftrenuus; a jlrong, firergth^
Jtrew, jirike, flreah, jirote, flrife, /frive, /irif:, ftruggle, /irout, /Irut, firetch,
Jirait,firiB, ftreight, that is, narrow, di/fraiti, fircfi, Jiflrt/t, jlring, flraf, Jlream,
jireamer, /irand, /Irip, fray, jiruggle, frangc, /Iride, ftraddte.

St in like manner imply Itrength, but in a lefj degree, fo much only as is

fufficient to preferve what has been already communicated, rather than acquire

any new degree } a» if it were derived from the Latin y?o •• for ixitnyk, /land, Jlay,

chat is, to remain, or to prop; flaff, jlay, that is, to oppnk ; fnp, to fluff,

jl'fie, to /lay, that is, to flop; a flay, that is, an oh^zeXt:; flick, flut, flutter,

jiammer, flaggcr, flickh, flick, flake, a ftiarp pale, and any thing depofited

at play ; /lock, flem, fling, to fling, flink, flitch, flud, j>,anchion, flub, ftubbU, t»

flub up, flump, vihenctflumble, flalk, to flalk,flep, toflnr'f with the feet, whence

to flamp, that is, to make an impreifion and ^ iiamp ; flov:, to floiu, to bcfltrzv,

fleward or floward, /had, fleady, flcadfafl, flahle, a flable, a flail, to flail, flool,

flail, flill, ftall, flallagc, flail, fiagc, fiiU adj. and fill adv. flak, flout, flmdy,

fleed, fleet, flalli'n, fliff, flark-dcad, to flarvc with hunger or cold ; ftore, ftcel,

flem, fiancb, to Jianch blood, to flare, flctp, flecple, /iair,fliindard, a ftated mea-

'(are, flately. In ail thefe, and pcihapsi fome others, yi denote fomethirg £iia

and fixed.

Ter imply a more violent degree of motion, at ibrow, thnfi, throng, throb,
through, threat, threaten, ttrall, thnwi,

Wr imply fomc fi>rt of obliquity or dlftortion, as wry, to vjrcatie, wrejt,
tvrc/ik, lurhtg, wrong, wrinch, ivrench, wrangle, turinkle, wrath, wreak, xvrack,
W'ltcb, •wr/t, wrap.

Sto impiy a filent agitation, or a fofter kiru}. of lateral motion ; as /way,
/wag, to /way, /wagg^r, /wcrve, jnueat, /weep, jwHI, /wim, /wing, /wift , /weet,
Jiviich, Jivir.ge.

Nor is there much djfterence of /« in fmootb, fmug, /mile, /mirk, /mite, which
fignifies the fame as to flrike, but is a fofter word ; Jmall, /mcll, /mack.Jmcihcr,
Jmari, a /mart blow properly fignilie^ futh a kind of llroke as with an originally
filcnt motion, implied in /m, proceeds to »qulck violence, denoted by ar fud-
denly ended, as is (hewn by t.

CI denote a kind of adliefion or tenacity, as in cleave, clay, cling, climb,
clamber, clammy, cla/p, to cla//>, to clip, to clinch, cloak, clog, clo/e, to clo/e, a clod,
a clot, as a clot of blood, chuied cream, ercluitit, a elufler.

Sp imply a kind of diHipation or expanfion, efpecially a quick one, particii-
lariy if tliere be an r, aa if it were from fparpo, or /iparo t for example, /prcad,
f^ffg' jfig, /prout, Jprinkle, /plit, /plinter, /pill, /pit, /putter, /patter.

SI denote a kind of filent fall, or a lefs obfervablc motion ; as in Jlime, Jlidtt
flip, flipper, fly, Jleight, fl:t, flow, flack, flight, fling, flap.

And fo likcwife ajh, in cra/h, ra/b, gap, flalh, cla/h, lejh, fla/h, pla/h, trap,
indicate fonicthing adjing more nimbly and (harply. But u]h, in eru/h, rujh,
gujh, fiujb, blu/h, briifi, hu/b, pup, implies fumething as afling more obtufely
and duily. Yet in bjtli tlierc is indicated a fwlft and fudden motion, not in-
Ihntajicous, but gradual, by the continued foundyS.

Thus in fling, fling, ding, /wing, cling, f.ng, wring, fling, the tingling of
the termination ng, and the tliarpnefs of the vowel j, imply the continuation of
a very ilendcr motion or tremor, at length indeed saniOiing, but not fuddenly
interrupted. But in tir.k, wink, Jink, clink, chink, think, that end in a mute
confonant, there is alfo indicated a fudden ending.

It there be an /, as in jingle, tingle, tinkle, mingle, /prinkle, twinkle, there is
implied a frequency, or iteration of fmall adli. And the fame frequency of a£ls,
hut lefs fubtile by rcafon of the clearer vowel a, is indicated in jangle, tangle,
j'pangle, mangle, tvrangle, brangle, dangle ; as alfo in mumble, grumble, jumble,
tumhlt, flun<hU, rumble, crumble, fumble. But at the fame time the clofc u im-
plies fometliing obfcure or obtunded ; and a congeries of confonants rnbl, dcnotei
a confufed kind of rolling or tumbling, as in ramble, /camble, /cramble, wamble,
amhle ; but in thefe there is fomcthing acute.

In nimble, the acutcnels of the vowel denotes celerity. In /parkle, /p denotes
dilTipatioii, ar an acute crackling, k a fudden interruption, /a frequent iteration j
and in like manner in /prinkle, unlefs in may impiy the fubtility of the diffi.
pated guttulcs. Thick and thin differ, in tliat the former ends with an obtufc
confonant, and the latter with an acute.

In like manner, m/jucck, /jueak,/qucal, /quail, braul, wraul,yaul,/paul, /creek,
/hriei, prill, parp, privel, wrinkle, crack, crafl->, clap, gnap, pla/h, crup, hup,
l"Jp, fijjc, whifl, J'ft, jarr, hurl, curl, whirl, buz:, buflic, /pindle, dwindle, twine,
iwfl, and in many more, we may obfcrvc the agvcemcnt of fuch fort of founds
with the things fignified : and this fo freijuently happens, that fcarce /ny language
which 1 know can be compared viith ours. So that one monofyllabic word, of
which kind are almoft all ours, emphatically expreffes what in other language*
can fcarce be explained but by compounds, or decompounds, or fometimes a
tedious circumlocution.

We have many words borrowed from the Latin ; but the
greateft part of them were communicated by the intervention
of the French ; as grace, face, elegant, elegance, re/emble.

Some verbs, which feem borrowed from the Latin, are form*
ed from the prefent tenfe, and fome from the fiipines.

From the prefent are formed fpend, expend, expendo ; conJuce»
conduce ; defpi/e, defpicio ; approve, approbo ; conitiw, con-
cipio.

h 2 from

A GRAMMAR OF THE

From the Cv^Ims, /npfJicatt, fupplico ; dtmtnftraie, demonftro ;
Jiff oft, difpono ; ixpatiaie, expatior ; /upprefs, fupprimo ; exempt,
cximo.

Nothing It more apparent, than diatWallis goo too far in quell of originals.
Many of tbefe which fcem felejted as immediate defcendanta from the Latin,
are appirentl; Ficnch, as conceive, affrtmt, exfofi, txcmft.

Some words purely French, not derived from the Latin, we
have transferred into our language ; as garden, garter, buckler, to
aJi'ttttce, to cry, to plead, from the French, Jardin,jartier, bouclier,
A-vancer, crier, plaider ; though indeed, even of thefe, part is of
Latin original.

As to many words which we have in common with the Germans, it is doubt-
flU whether the old Teutons borrowed them from the Latins, or the Latins
ftom the Teutons, or both had tlicm from fome common original ; as v)'tnt,
vinum ; ixi'md, vcntus ; wf»f, veni ; icay, via ; •tvall, vallum ; ivalkia, volvo ;
tinol, vtilus ; lu'xll, volo ; imrm, vermis { ■u'tirtb, virtus ; waff, vefpa ; Jay,
dies; Sravt, traho ; tame, domo, i'(t/>caar; yoke, jugum, ^fDy*?; over, upper,
fuper, iir«; ; am, fum, Hfju ; ireji, frango ; fy, volo j ilc^v, flo. I make no
doubt but the Teutonick is more ancient than the Latin; and it is no leff
certain, that the Latin, which borrowed a great number of words, not only
from the Greek, efpccially the ^olick, but from other neighbouring languages,
a) the ©fcan and others, which have long become ohfolete, received not a few
from the Teutonick. It is certain, that the EngliOi, German, and other Teu-
tonick languages, retained fome derived from the Greek, which the Latin has
not ; as ex, aebs, mit, ford, pfurd, daughter, tocbter, mick/e, mingle, moon,
fear, grave, gra^, to grave, tojcrape, vjbole, from i^irn, /j^ira, ma^ixo^, ^yyar^f ,
utyaXo^, fxiyfCv, fMr,m, ^^^ii, y^a'^ai, cXof. Since they received thefc immediate-
ly from the Greeks, without the intervention of the Latin language, why may
not other words be derived immediately from the fame fountain, though they be
likcwife found among the Latins ?

Our anceftors were ftudious to form borrowed words, however
long, into monofyllables ; and not only cut off the formative
terminations, but cropped the firll fyllable, efpecially in words
beginning with a vowel ; and rejefted not only vowels in the
middle, but likewife confonants of a weaker found, retaining the
Wronger, which feem the bones of words, or changing them for
others of the fame organ, in order that the found might become
the fofter ; but efpecially tranfpofing their order, that they might
the more readily be pronounced without the intermediate vowels.
For example, in expendo, _/5>Ma' ; txemp]um, /ample ; excipio,
/cape ; extraneus, grange ; extraftum, ^retch'd ; excrucio, to
/creiv i exfcorio, to/our ; excorio, to/courge ; excortico, to /cratch ;
and others beginning with ^jr .• as alfo, emendo, to mend; epif-
copus, hipop ; in Danifh, hi/p\ epillola, epi/ile; hofpitale, /fit-
tie J Hifpania, Spain ; hiiloria,y?(7ry.

Many of thefe etymologies are doubtful, and fame evidently miftaken.

The following are fomewhat harder, Alexarier, Sander ; Elifabeiha, Betty ;
apis, hee\ aper, bar\ p paOing into h, as in bijhop ; and by cutting off a from
the beginning, which is reftored in the middle : but for the old bar or hare,
We now fay hoar ; as for lartg, long ; for bain, bane ; for fiane, flcne ; aprugna,
braton, p being changed into b, and a tranfpnfed, as in afer, and g changed
intow, as in pignus, paton ; lege, latu ; iXoirnJ, fox; cutting off me begin-
ning, and changing/! into f, as in pellis, a fell; pullus, a foal; pater, father;
pavor,y<ar ; polio, jf/V; pIco, impleo, _^//, /a//; pifcis, ^i ; and tranfpofing o
into the middle, which was taken from the beginning; apex, apiece; peak,
pike; zofhoia$, freeze; muftum, JIum; defenfio, fence; difpenfator, fpencer ;
afculto, efcouter, Fr. fcout ; exfcalpo, /(rape, redoring / indead of r, and hence
fhap, fcrahle, Icrawl; exculpo, /coop ; exterrltus, Jlart ; extonitus, attonitus,
fitnn'd; ftomachus, maw; o&etiio, fined ; obftipo, y7o)> ; audere, dare; cavere,
xvare; whenrc a-iuare, he-tvare, ivary, ivarn, warning, for the Latin .1/ con -
fonant formeilv founded like our w, and the modern found of the v confonant
was formerly that of the letter y, that is, the i^o'.ick digamma, which had the
found of ^, and the modern found of the letter /"was that of the Greek ip or pb ;
ulcus, ulcere, ulcer^ fre, and hence ferry, jorrotv, jorrovjful; ingenium, engine,
gin; fcalenus, leaning, unlrfs you w.juld rather derive it from xXivv, v.-hence in-
clino ; infundibulum, funnel ; gagate:, jctt ; projeilum, to jctt forth, a jetty ;
cucullus, a civil.

There are fyncopes fomewhat harder; from tempore, time; from nomine,
Tame ; domina, eLtme ; as the French b-.mme, femme, r.om, fromlipminc, fceraina,
nomine. Thua pagina, page ; «roTn{im, pot ; tamtWa., cup ; cantharus, can ;
tentorium, lint ; precor, pray ; prxda, prey ; fpecio, fpeculor, Jpy ; plico, ply ;
implico, im^/y ; replico, rrf« ; complico, rom/i/y ; fedes epifcopalis,^v.

■ A vowel is alfo cut off in the middle, that the number of the fyllable?
may be leffened ; ai aroita, aunt; fpiritus, ^ri^i/ ; dcbitum, debt; dubito,
tUnbt ; com^5, comitis, count ; ckticus, clerk ; quietus, ^uit, quite ; acquieto,
(» Mf^t; feparo, r« Jp<irt\ &al>ilis> ^uiU; lUbuluni; Jiable j fa^atiym^ pp-

lace, place ; rabula, rail ; rnel, viraul, Irawf, raile, Irthh \ l]UiefitiO(

queft.

At alfo a confonant, or at lead one of 1 fofter found, or even a whole fyl-
lable ; rotundus, round; fragilis, /rai/ ; fecurus, /vn ; regula, rule; tegula,
tile ; fubtilis, futtle ; nomen, noun ; decanus, dean ; computo, rntiir ; fubita-
ncui, fuddain, foon ; fuperare, tofoar; periculum, ^^i/; mirabile, marvel; as
magnus, mo/R ; dignor, <fW^ii ; Xingo, JIain; tin3um, /.linr ; pingo, ^o>»; prx-
dari, reach,

The contraftions may feem harder, where many of them meet, as xit^ioju;,
kyrk, church; prejbyter, frir/? ; facrillanus,y<x.'cn; frango, fregi, irrj>, irraii j
fagus, ^vya, beech ; f changed into b, and g into cb, which are letters near
a-kin; frigefco,yr«ai£; Wigeko, frefh, fc \n«> p, slz TAioyt in hifbcp, fijh, fo in
fcapha,^iy,yl(^, and refrigefco, refrejh ; butvirefcOj/r^; phlcbotomusjj^rain ;
bovina, huf; vitulina, vtal; fcutifer, fjuire ; pcenitentia, penance; fandtua-
rium, fanHuary, fentry ; qusfitio, chafe; perquifitio, purchaje; anguilla, «/;
Jnfula, ijle. He, iflar.d, i'anJ ; infuletta, iflet, u'el ; eyght ; and more contrafledly
ey, whence Ovijney, Ruhy, Ely ; ciaminare, to fan, namely, by rejeiling from
the beginning and end t and 0, accord'mg CO the ufual manner, the remainder
xamin, which tlie Saxons, who did not ufe *, write cfamen, or fcamen, is con-
tracted into yr an ; as from dominus, don; nomine, noun; Ahomlno, ban ; and
indeed apum cxamen they turned into fciame ; for which we fay ftvjrme, by
inferting r to denote the murmuring ; thefaurus, fiore ; fedile, fiuol ; w'o;,
•uiet ; fudo, fweat ; gaudium, gay ; jocus, joy ; fuccus, juice ; catena, chain j
caliga, calga ; chaufe, chaulTe, Fr. hcfi ; extinguo, ftancb, fquencb, fucnchf
ftint; (otii, forth; {fCcXts, fpice ; recito, read; adjuvo, aid; a\vi, a;vum, erff
age, ever ; noccus, lock ; excerpo, fcrape, fcrahbU, fcratul ; extravagus, flray,
ftraggle; c.o\\t&\itn, clot, clutch; cnlligo, coil; recoUigo, recoil; feveio, fivear ;
iWduluSj^ri//; procurator, ^roxy ; pulfo, ro /i»/!!> ; calamus, a quill; impetere,
to impeach; augeo, auxi, tv<ix; and vanefco, vanui, TJane ; fyllabare, tofpelli
puteus, ^ir; granum, ccrn ; compritno, cramp, crump, crumple, crinkle.

Some may feem harOier, yet may not be reje^ed, for it at lead appears,
that fome of them are derived from proper names, and there are others whofe
etymology is acknowledged by every body ; as Alexander, Elick, Scanjer, San-
der, Sanny, Sandy; Eiizabetha, Eiixabeth, Elifaheth, Betty, Befi; Margareta,
Margaret, Margct, Meg, Peg ; Maria, Mary, Mai, Pal, Malkin, Mawkin,
Matokcs; Matthaeus, Mattlu, Ma'tbew ; Martha, Matt, Pat; Gulielmus,
IVilhelmus, Cirolamo, Guillaume, miliam, fVitl, Bill, fTiUm, HHcken, fTicki,
fTeeh.

Thus cariophyllus, flos ; gerofilo, leal, giriflee, gilofer, Fr. gillifiovter, \vhich
the vulgar call julyfloiuer, as if derived from the month July ; petrofclinum,
parjley; portulaca, ^wr/Jjm ;cydonium, quince; cydoniatum, quiddeny ; perfi-
cum, peach ; cruca, eruke, which they corrupt to ear-viig, as if it took its
name from the ear ; annulus geminus, a gimmal, or gimbal ring ; and thus the
word gimbal and jumbal is transferred to other things thus interwoven ; quelques
chofes, kickfbaivi. Since the origin of thefe, and many others, however forced,
is evident, it ought to appear no wonder to any one if the ancients have thus
disfigured many, efpecially as they fo much affefted monofyllables ; and, to
make them found the fofter, took this liberty of maiming, taking away, chang-
ing, tranfpofing, and foftening them.

But while we derive thefe from the Latin, I do not mean to fay, that many
of them did not immediately 'come to us from the Saxon, DanUh, Dutch, and
Teutonick languages, and other dialedls, and fome taken more lately from the
French, or Italians, or Spaniards.

The fame word, according to its different Cgnifications, often has a diflferent
origin; »s to bear a burden, (com fero; but to bear, whence birth, born, bairn,
comes from pario, and a bear, at leaft if it be of Latin original, (com f era,
Thas perch, a fifli, ftomperca; but perch, a meafure, from pertica, and like-
wife ro^frri. To fpett is from Jyllaba ; hut fpell, an inchantmcnt, by which
it is believed that the boundaries are fo fixed in lands, that none can pafs them
againft the mailer's will, from expello ; and fpell, a me(Tenger, from epijlola ;
whence gofpel, good-fpell, or god-Jpell, Thus frcefe, or freexe, from frigejco ;
but /"«««, an architeflonic word, from xophorus; bat freefe, for cloth, from
Frifia, or perhaps from frigefco, as being more fit than any other for keeping out
the cold.

There are many words among us, even monofyllables, compounded of two or
more words, at leaft ferving inftead of compounds, and comprifing the fignifi-
cation of more words than one ; as from fcrip and roll, comes fcrcll ; from froud
and dance, prance ; from ft of the verb Jlay, or Jland and c:a, is made/oar ;
from flout and hardy, flurdy ; from fp of fpit or fpevi, and out, comes fpout j
from the dmn fp, with the termination in, \% fpin; and iii\n%oul,fpin tut ;
and'from the Um&fp, with /'/, is fpit, which only differs ftom fpout m that it
is fmaller, and with lei's noife and force ; but fputter is, becaufe of the obfcure
V, fomething between fpit and (pout ; and by reafon of adding r, it intimates
a frequent iteration and noife, but cbicurely confufed : whereas fpatter, on ac-
count of the (harper and clearer vowel a, intimates a more diftiniS noife, in
whiih it chiefly differs from fputter. From the dmefp, and the termination
ark, comas fpark, fignifying a fingle cmifiion of fire with a noife ; namely, j^
the cniiOion, ar the more acute noife, and k the mute confonant, intimates its
being fuddenly terminated ; but adding /, is made the frequentative fparkle.
The famc_y^, by adding r, that is fpr, implies a more lively impecus of diffufing
or expanding itfclf; to which adding the termination ing, it becomes J^rjn^ ;
its vigour fpr imports, its fiiarpnefs the termination ing; and lalHy in acute and
tremulous, ending in the mute confonant g, denotes, the fudden ending of any
motion, that it is meant in its primary fignificatioo, of a finglr, not a com-
plicated exilition. Hence we call fpring whatever has an elallick force : as
alfo a fountain of water, and thence the origin of any thing ; and to fpring,

to germinate J and fpring, gnc vf Uis fpur f«afoasi Froio ths faroc ^r and

tut,

ENGLISH TON.GUE.

Hit, U formed ffrtul, «nJ with tie termination ig, ffrig ; of which the follow-
ing, for the moft part, is the difference: ffrout, of a groffer found, imports
a fatter or groffer bud ; fprig, of a tenderer found, denotes a fmaller (hoot.
In like manner, from fir of the verb firhic, and out, comes firout 3ni firut.
From the fame fir, and the termination ugg/e, is made firuggle ; and this g
imports, but without any great noife, by reafon of the obfcure found of the
vowel u. In like manner from threw and nil is made troll ; and almoft in
the fame fenfe is trur:J!e, f")m thrciv or ttrufi, and ruitdle. Thus grajf or
grcugb is compounded of grave and rough j and trudge from tread or trot, and

In thefe obfervations it is eafy to difcover great fagacity and
great extravagance, an ability to do much defeated by the de-
fire of doing more than enough. It may be remarked,

1 . That Wallis's derivations are often fo made, that by the
fame licence any language may be deduced from any other.

2. That he makes no diftinftion between words immediately
derived by us from the Latin, and thofe which, being copied from
other languages, can therefore afford no example of tlie genius
of the Englifti language, or its laws of derivation.

3. That he derives from the Latin, often with great harftinefs
and violence, words apparently Teutonick ; and therefore, ac-
cording to his ovyn declaration, probably older than the tongue
to which he refers them.

4. That feme of his derivations are apparently erroneous.

SYNTAX.

The eftabliflied praftice of grammarians requires that I ihould here treat of
the Syntax; but our language has fo little inflexion, or varietj' of termina-
tions, that its conftruflion neither requires nor admits many rules. Wallls
therefore has totally negleded it ; and Jonfon, whofc defire of following the
writers upon the learneJ languages made him think a fycta^ indifpenfably ne-
ceflary, has publiihed fuch petty obfervatioiw ai weic better omitted.

The verb, as in other languages, agrees with the nomina-
tive in number and perfon ; as Ti/eu flUJi from good ; He runt to
death.

Our adjeAives and pronouns are invariable.

Of two fubftantives the noun poffefliye is the genitive ; as
His father's glory. The fun's heat.

verbs tranfitive require an oblique cafe ; as He lovet me ;
You fear him.

All prepofitions require an oblique cafe : He gave this to me ;
He took thii from me ; He fays this of me ; He came with me*

PROSODY.

It is common for thofe that deliver the grammar of modern languages, to
omit their Profody. So that of the Italians is negleded by Suemaitei ; that of
the French by Dejmarais ; and that of the Englifli by fyatlii, Cmfer, and even
by Jivfon, though a poet. But at the laws of metre are included in the idea
of a grammar, I have thought it proper to iafert them.

Profody comprifes orthoepy, or the rules of pronunciation ;
and orthometry, or the laws of verfification.

Pronunciation is juft, when every letter has its proper
found, and when every fyllable has its proper accent, or, which
in Engliih verfification is the fame, its proper quantity.

The founds of the letters have been already explained ; and rules for the ac-
cent or quantity are not eafily to be given, being fubjeft to innumerable excep-
tioos. Such howcTCi a> I have read or formed, I fliall here ptopote.

1. Of difTyllables formed by affixing a termination, the former
fyllable is commonly accented, as chiUiJh, kingdom, aHeJi, atled,
toilfome, lo'ver, fciffer, fairer, f'oremofl, zealous, fulnefs, godly,
meekly, artijl.

2. Diffyllables formed by prefixing a fyllable to the radical
word, have commonly the accent on the latter ; as to beget, to
tefeem, to hefotxi.

3. Of diffyllables, which arc at once nouns and verbs, the
verb haa commonly the accent on the latter; and ths noun on

the former fyllable j as to defcant, a difcam ', to timent, a e^
ment ; to contraB, a contraB,

This rule has many exceptions. Though verbs feldom have their accent ob
the former, yet nouns often have it on the latter fyllable; as, dtUght, ferfume^

4. All diflyllables ending in y, as cranny ; in aur, as labour,
favour ; in oou, as ivillo'w, 'walloiu, except allovj ; in le, as

battle, bible ; in ijh, as banijh ; in ck, as cambrick, caffock ; in
ter, as to batter ; in age, as courage ; in en, as fajien ; in et, as
quiet, accent the former fyllable.

5. DifTyllable nouns in er, as canker, butter, have the accent
on the former fyllable.

6. DifTyllable verbs terminating in a confonant and e final,
as comprije, efcape ; or having a diphthong in tlie laft fyllable,
as appeafe, reveal; or ending in two confonants, as attend, have
the accent on the latter fyllable.

7. DifTyllable nouns having a diphthong in the latter fyllable,
have commonly their accent on the latter fyllable, as applaufe ;
except words in ain, certain, mountain,

8. TrifTyllables formed by adding a termination, or prefixing
a fyllable, retain the accent of the radical word, as lavelinefs,
tendernefs, contemner, iKagonner, phyfical, befpatter, commenting,
commending, ajjurance.

9. TrifTyllables ending in ous, as gracious, arduous ; in al, as
capital ; in ion, as mention, accent the firfl. "1

10. TrifTyllables ending in ce, ent, and ate, accent the firfl
fyllable, as countenance, continence, armament, imminent, elegant,
propagate, except they be derived from words having the accent
on the laft, as connivance, acquaintance ; or the middle fyllable
hath a vowel before two confonants, as promulgate.

1 1. TrifTyllables ending \ny, as entity, fpecify, liberty, vtBory,
fubfidy, commonly accent the firft fyllable.

1 2. TrifTyllables in re or le accent the firfl fyllable, as legible,
theatre ; except difciple, and fome words which have a pofuion,
as example, tpifile,

13. TrifTyllables in ude commonly accent the firfl fyllable, as
plenitude.

1 4. TrifTyllables ending in ator or atour, as creattur ; or hav-
ing in the middle fyllable a diphthong, as endeavour; or 'a
vowel before two confonants, as domeflick, accent the middle
fyllable.

1 5 . TrifTyllables that have their accent on the laft fyllable arc
commonly French, as acquiefce, repartee, magazine ; or words
formed by prefixing one or two fyllables. to an acute fyllable, as
immature, overcharge.

16. Polyfyllables, or words of n»re than three fyllables, fol-
low the accent of the words from which they are derived, as
arrogating, continency , incontinently , commendable, commiinicablenefs .
We fhould therefore fay difputable, indifputable, rather than dif-
putable, indifputable ; and advertifement rather than advertife~-
ment.

17. Words in ion have the accent upon the antepenult, as
falvation, perturbation, concoBion ; words in atour or ator on the

penult, as dedicator.

1 8. Words ending in le commonly have the acceat on the firfl
fyllable, as amicable, unlefs the fecond fyllable have a vowel be-
fore two confonants, as comb'ujlible.

19. Words ending in ous have the accent on the antepenult,
as uxorious, voluptuous.

20. Words ending in ty have their accent on the antepenult,
as pujillanimity, aBivity.

Thefe rules arc not advanced an complete or infallible, but propofcd as ufefiiU
Almoft every rule of every language hns its exceptions ; and in Erjglifh, as in
other tongues, much muft be learned by example and authority. Perhaps more
and better rules may be given that have efcaped my obfervation.

Versification is the arrangement of a certain number of
f}llables according to certain laws.

The feet of our verfes are either iambiek, as al'ofty create ;
or trochaisk* as kHy, lofty.

Our

A GRAMMAR OF THE

Our lambick meaTure comprife* verfes

Oflburfyllables,

Mod good, moil fair.
Or things as rare.
To call you 's loft ;
For all the coft
Words can beftow.
So poorly Ihow
Upon your praifc.
That all the ways
Senfc hath, come ihort.

Of fix.

With ravilh'd ears
7^he monarch hears.

This while we are abroad.
Shall we not touch our lyre ?

Shall we not fing an ode i
Shall that holy fire.

In us that ftrongly glow'd.
In this cold air expire i

Though in the utmoffi Peak

A while we do remain.
Among the mountains bleak,

Expos'd to fleet and r^in,
No fport our hours fliall break.

To exercife our vein. ♦

What though bright Phoebus' beams
Refrelh the fouthern ground.

And though the princely Thames
With beauteous nymphs aboundj

And by old Camber's Itreams
Be many wonders found :

Yet many rivers clear

Here glide in filver fwathes.

And what of all moft dear,
Buxton's delicious baths.

Strong ale and noble chear,

T' affwage breem winter's fcatlies.

In places far or near.

Or famous, or obfcure.
Where wholfom is the air.

Or where the moft impure.
All times, and every where.

The mufe is ilill in ure.

DrajttH.
Drjdtn.

A thoufand crannies in the walls vit made |
Nor gate nor bars exclude the bufy trade.
'Tis built of brafs, the better to diffufe
The fpreading founds, and multiply the news ;
Where echoes in repeated echoes play :
A mart for ever full ; and open night and day.
Nor filence is within, nor voice exprefs.
But a deaf noife of founds that never ceafe ;
Confus'd, and chiding, like the hollow roar
Of tides, receding from th' infulted fliore:
Or like the broken thunder, heard from far.
When Jove to diftance drives the rolling war.
The courts are fill'd with a tumultuous din
Of crowds, or iifuing forth, or ent'ring in :
A thorough-fare of news ; wheie fome devife
Things never heard, fome mingle truth with lies:
The troubled air with empty founds they beat.
Intent to hear, and eager to repeat.

DryJeni

Drayton.

Of eight, which is the ufual meafure for ftiort poems.
And may at laft my weary age
Find out the peaceful hermitage.
The hairy gown, and mofly cell.
Where I may fit, and nightly fpell
Of ev'ry ftar the flcy doth (hew.
And ev'ry herb that fips the dew. Milton.

Gf ten, which is the common meafure of heroick and tragick
poetry.

Full in the midft of this created fpace,

BctwiSct hcav'n, earth, and flties, there Hands a place

Confining on all three ; with triple bound ;

Whence all things, though remote, arc view'd around.

And thither bring their undulating found.

The palace of loud Fame, her feat of pow'r,

Plac'd OD thefummit of a lofty tow'r;

A thoufand winding entries long and wide

lUceive of frefii reports a flowing tide.

^•1

In all thefe meafures the accents are to be placed on even
fyllables ; and every line confidcred by itfelf is more harmo-*
nious, as this rule is more Aridlly obferved. The variations ne-
ceffary to pleafuxe belong to the art of poetry, not the rules of
grammar.

Our trochaick meafures are

Of three fyllables.

Here we may
Think and pray.
Before death
Stops our breath :
Other joys
Are but toys.

Waltotfs Angler.

Of five.

In the days of old.

Stories plainly told.

Lovers felt annoy. Old Ballad.

Of feven,

Faireft piece of well-form'd earth.

Urge not thus your haughty birth. Waller.

In thefe meafures the accent is to be placed on the odd
fyllables.

Thefe are the meifures which are now in ufe, and above the reft thofe of
feven, eight, and ten fyllables. Our ancient poets wrote verfes fomctimet ai
twelve fyllables, as Drayton's Polyolbion,

Of III the Cambrian (hires their heads that bear fo high.
And farth'ft furvey their foils with an ambitious eye,
Mervinia for her hills, as for their matchlefs crowd:i.
The ncareft that are (aid to kifs the wand'ring clouds,
Efpecial audience craves, oflcnded with the tlirong^
That Iheof all the rcll ncgleclcd was fo long;
Alleging for hcrfelf, when through the Saxon's pride.
The godlike race of Brute to Severn's fctting fide
Were cruelly inforc'd, her mountains did relieve
Thofe vvlmm devouring war clfc every where did grieve.
And when all Wales befide (by fortune or by might)
Unto her ancient foe refign'd her ancient right,
A conftant maiden ftill (he only did remain,
The laft her genuine laws which ftoutly did retain.
And as each one is prais'd for her peculfar things.
So only (he is rich in mountains, meres, and fprings ;
And holds hcrfelf as great in her fuperfluous uafte.
As others by their towns and fruitful tillage grac'd.

And of fourteen, as Chapman's Homer.

And as the mind of fuch a man, that hath a long way gone.
And either Icnowcth not his way, or ell'c would let aloac
His purpos'd journey, is diftract.

The meafures of twelve and fourteen fyllables were often mi>gleJ by out
old poets, fomcumcs iu alternate lUcs, and lometimcs ijt altciaatc cuuplcu.
' The

ENGLISH TONGUE.

Th« »erfe »f tvwtre fylUblM, citlci an Altxandrine, it now only ufe4 to
iiiaif-j heroick lines.

Waller was fmooth, but Dr/den taught to joi«

The varying verfc, the full-refounding line,

7hi lung maj'f-ic murcb, and cncr^ Jivine. Pif'

The paufe in the Alcxaajrine m»ft be at the iixth fyllable.

The verfe of fourteen fyllables is now broken into a foft lyrick meafun of
«rfo conliiling alternately of eight fyllables and fix.

fi. i

She to receive thy radiant name»
Selects a whiter fpace.

When all (hall praife, and ev'ry hj

Devote a wreath to thee.
That day, for come it will, that day

Shall I lament to fee.

Beneath t!>i> tnmb an 'infant liet

To earth whofe body lent.
Hereafter (hall more glorious rife.

But not more innocent.
When the Archangel's trump (hall bI•^r»

And fouls to bodies join.
What crowds thall wilb their lives below

Had been as jhort as thine I

Tcnton.

liwit U Ft^'

WcjllJ.

\

We have another roeifure very quick and lively, and therefore much ufcd
in fongj, which may be called the atutftfiick, in which the accent refts upon
every third fyllable.

May I govern my paiTione with ab&Iute f»'ay.

And grow wiiiir and i)cBer as lile wear& away.. Dr. Popi^

!■ this meafure a fyllable is often retrenched from the firft foot, as

Diogenes furly and proud. Dr. Pafu

When prefent we love, and when abfent agrcCj.

I think not of I'ris, nor I'ris of mc. DryJen.

Thefe meafares are varied by many combinations, and fometimes by double
tS(!jngS| either with w without rhyme, as in the heroick meafure^

'Tij the Divinity that ftirs •within ut,

Tis Heav'n itfelf that points out an htritfitrf

And intimates eternity to roan. AUifoiit-

So ra that of eight fyllables,

' They neither added nor confounded.

They neither wanted nor abounded.. Fritit^

In that of (even,

For refiftsnce I could fear none.

But with twenty ihips ha^ dtme.
What thou, brave and happy Vernon»

H«ft atchiev'd with fix alone. Gtmtr,

In that of fix,

'Tv;as when the feas were roaring*

With hollow blafts of wind,
A damfel lay deploring,

AH en a rock reclin'd. <»<jyv

la the aaapeftick,.

When terrible tempefts alTail us.
And mountainous billows affright,.
-^ Nor grandeur or wealth can avail us.

But flciiful induftry fleers right. Bj/W»

To tbefe meofures, and their laws, may be reduced every fjiecles of Sogllfik
verfe. i

Our verfification admits of few licences,, except tsi. fynaloepha^
or elifion of t in the before a vowel,, as r/j' eternal ; and more
rarely of o in to, as r' accept ; and a fyntrrejis, by which two-
fhort vowels coalefce into one fyllable, as quefiion, fpecial \ or a.
word is contrafted by the expulfion, of a Ihort vowel before a li-
quid, as anPrUtr temf'rance..

Thus have I collected rules and examples,. by which the Englifli language
may be learned, if the reader be already acquainted with grammatical terms,
or caught by a mailer to thofe that arc more ignorant. To have written a
grammar for fuch as are not yet initiated ux the I'clwols, would have been te>
diouS) and peilufs at lall iacfitftual*

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TO THE

FOURTH EDITION,

MA N Y are the works of human induftry, which to begin and finifli are hardly granted to
the fame man. He that undertakes to compile a Didionary, undertakes that, which, if it
comprehends the full extent of his defign, he knows himfelf unable to perform. Yet his labours,
though deficient, may be ufeful, and with the hope of this inferior praife, he muft incite his a(5tivity,^
and folace his wearincfs.

Perfection is unattainable, but nearer and nearer approaches may be made ; and finding my Dic-
tionary about to be reprinted, I have endeavoured, by a revifal, to make it lefs reprehenfible. I will
not deny that 1 found many parts requiring emendation, and many more capable of improvement.
Many faults I have correfted, fome fuperfluities I have taken away, and fome deficiencies I have
fupplied. I have methodifed fome parts that were difordered, and illuminated fome that were obfcure.
Yet the changes or additions bear a very fmall proportion to the whole. The critick will now have
lefs to objeft, but the ftudent who has bought any of the former copies needs not repent j he will
not, without nice collation, perceive how they differ j and ufefulnels feldom depends upon little
things.

For negligence or deficience, I have perhaps not need of more apology than the nature of the work
will furnifh : I have left that inaccurate which never was made exadt, and that imperfeft which never
was completed.

A D I C-

DICTIONARY

OF THE

ENGLISH LANGUAGE.

A The firft letter of the European
alphabets, has, in the Englifti
^ language, three different tounds,
which may be termed the broad, open,
and (lender.

The broad found, refembling that of
the German a, is found in many of our
monofyllables, as all. wall, malt, /alt, in
which a is pronounced as au in cau/e, or
aiv in lazv. Many of thefe words were
anciently written with au, as fault,
I'jauli ; which happens to be ftill retained
\r\ fault. This was probably the ancient
found of the Saxons, fmce it is almoft
uniformly preferred in the ruflic pro
nunciation, and the Northern dialefts,
as maun for man, haund for hand.
A open, not unlike the a of the Italians,
is found in father, rather, and more
obfcurely \n fancy, fafi, &c.
A (lender or clofe, is the peculiar a of the
Englifh language, refembling the found
of the French e mafculine, or diphthong
ai in pais, or perhaps a middle found
between them, or between the a and e ;
to this the Arabic a is faid nearly to ap-
proach. Of this found we have exam-
ples in the wor^i, place, face, luajle, and
all thofe that terminate in ation ; as re-
lation, nation, generation.
A is (hort, as, glafs, grafs ; or long, as,
glaze, graze: it is raarlted long, gene-
rally, by an e final, plane, or by an /
added, as plaia. The ihort a is open,
the long a clofe.
1. A, an article fet before nouns of the
fingular number; a man, a tree ; de-
noting the number one, as, a man is
coming, that is, no more than one ; or an
indefinite indication, as, a man may
come this way, that is, any man. This
article has no plural (ignification. Be-
fore a word beginning with a vowel, it
is written an, as, an ox, an egg, of
which a is the contraction.
Vol. I.

2. A, taken materially, or for itfelf, is a
noun ; as, a great A, a little a.

3. A is placed before a participle, or par-
ticipial noun ; and is confidered by
Wallis as a contraction of at, when it
is put before a word denoting fome aftion
not yet finilhed ; ls, I am a walking.
It alio feeras to be anciently contrafted
from at, when pl.-.ced before local fur-
names ; as, Thomas a Becket. In other
cafes, it feems to fignify to, like the
French a.

/i hunting Chloe went. Trkr.

They go a brgging to a bankrupt's door. Dryi!in.

May peace Hill llumbcr by thcfs purling foun-
tains !
Which we may every year
Find when we come a fifliing here. IfDiUn.

Now the men fell a rubbing of armour, which
a great while had lain oiled. IVcticn.

He will knap the fpears a pieces with his teeth.
M-.rc't Antid. Athm.

Another falls a ringing a Pefcennius Niger, and
judicioufly diftinguiihes the found of it to be
modern. AJJifin on Midah.

4. A has a peculiar fignification, denoting
the proportion of one thing to another.
Thus we fay. The landlord hath a hun-
dred a year ; The (hip's crew gained a
thoufand pounds a man.

The river Inn paflcs through a wide open coun-
try, during all its courfe through Bavaria ; which
is a voyage of two days, after the rate of twenty
leagues a day. Addijin on Italy.

5. A is ufed in burlefque poetry, to lengthen
out a fyllable, without adding to the
fenfe.

For cloves and nutmegs to the line-u,
And even for oranges to China. Vryden.

6. A is fometimes, in familiar writings,
put by a barbarous corruption for he;
as, will a come, for will he come.

7. A, in compofition, fecms to have fome-
times the power of the French « in thefe
phrafes, a droit, a gauche, Sic. and iome-
timet to be contracted from at ; as, afde,
uflope, afoot, ajleep, athirjl, aiuare.

ABA

I 'gin to be a viiary of the fun ;
And wifh the ftate of tli' world were now undone.
Sbakefpearet Miicbetb,

And now a breeze from (hore began to blow.
The Tailors (hip their oars, and ccufe to row ;
Then hoift their yards a-tr'p, and all their fails
Let fall, to court the wind, and catch the gales.

Drydcn'i Ceyx and A/cjmi,

A little houfe with trees a row.
And, like its maftcr, very low. I'lfe, Hor,

8. A is fometimes redundant ; as, arife,
aroufe, a-wake ; the fame with rife, roufe,
wake.

9. A, in abbreviations, (lands for artium,
or arts ; as, A. B. batchelor of arts, ar-
tium haccalaureus ; A. M. mailer of arts,
artium magifier ; or, anno ; as, A. D.
anno domini.

AB, at the beginning of the names of
places, generally (hews that they have
fome relation to an abbey, as Abingdon.

Gibfon,

Aba'cke. adv. [from lack.'\ Backwards.
Obfolete.

But when they came where thou thy (kill didit
(how,
They drew abacke, as half with (hame confound.

S/ievJ. Pafl.

ABACTOR, n.f. [Latin.] One who drives
away or fteals cattle in herds, or great
numbers at once, in didindlion from
thofe that ileal only a (heep or two.

Blount.

A'BACUS. n.f. [Latin.] _

1. A counting- table, anciently ufed ia
calculations. '

2. [In architecture.] The uppermoU mem-
ber of a column, which ferves as a fort
of crowning both to the capital and co-
lumn. Dm.

Aba'ft. adv. [of abapran. Sax. behind.]
From the fore-part of the (liip, towards
the llern. Dia.

Abm'sance. n.f. [from the French abai..
fer, to deprcfs, to bring down.] An aCl
of reverence, a bow. Obeyfance is con-
fidered by Skinner as a corruption bf
ahaifame, but is now univcrl'ally uled.
B 1*

ABA

ABA

ABA

To ABA'LIENATE. -v. a. [from aiallene,
Lat.] To make that another's which
was our own before. A term of the civil
Jaw, not much ufed in common fpeech.

Abalien a'tiox. n.f. [Lat. abalicnaiio.']
The afl of giving up one's right to ano-
ther perfon ; or a making over an eftatc,
goods, or chattels by fal«, or due coiirfc
oflaw. Dia.

To Aba'nd. v. a. [A word con traced from
abandon, but not now in uie. See A-
BANDON.] To forfalce.

Thi y ftr :>nger arc
Than they which fought at firft their helping

band,
Mai Vortiger enforced the kingdom to abatiet,

Sftnftr'i Fairy Sheen, h. li. cuu. to.

To ABA'NDON. -v. a. [Fr. abandonner.
Deriv«d, according to Menage, from the
Italian abandonare, which fignifies to
forfake his colours ; bandum ['vexillum]
deferere. /"a/^a/Vr thinks it a coalition of"
a ban donner, to give up to a profcription ;
in which fenfe we, at this day, mention
the ban of the empire. Ban, in our
own old dialed, fignifies a curfe ; and
to a^aWoa, if confidered as compounded
between French and Saxon, is exaftly
equivalent to diris de-Tjcuere.']

I. To give up, refign, or quit ; often fol-
lowed bv the particle to.

]f Jhe be fo ahand'jn'd to her forrow,
Ac iti* fpokc, file never will admir me.

Shah/j>. -Tivtlfth Night.

The- paflive gods behold the Greeks defile
Their temples, and abandon to the fpoll
Their own abodes ; wc, feeble few, confpire
To fave a finking town, involv'd in ftre.

Dryil. j^miJ.

Who is he fo ahatidomd re fottifli credulity, as
to think, that a clod of earth in a fick, may ever,
fay eternal ihaking, receive the fabric of man's
body ? Bcmley'i Sermom.

Muft he, whofe altars on the Phrygian (hore.
With frequent rites, and pure, avow'd thy pow'r,
Be doom'd the worft of human ills to prove,
Unblefs'd, abaxdon'd to the wrath of Jove ?

Pofi't Odyjfty, h. i. 1. 80.

^. To defert ; to forfake : in an ill fenfe.

The princes ufing the palTions of fearing evil,
and defiring to efcape, only to ferve the rvile of
virtue, not to abandon one's felf, leapt to a rib of
the (hip. Sidney, b. ii.

Seeing the hurt flag alone,
I<eft and abandoned of his velvet friends,
'Tis right, quoth he ; thus mifery doth part
The flux of company. Shakifp. As you lih it.

What face a wretched fugitive attends,
Scom'd by my foes, abandoned by my friends.

Dryd. jUneid, 2.

But to the partisg goddcfs thus (he pray'd j
Propitious dill be prcfcnt to my aid.
Nor quite abandon your oncc-favour'd maid.

Dryd. Fab.

3. To forfake, to leave.

He boldly fpakc, Sir knight, if knight thou be,
.Abandon this Ibreflalled place at crft,
For fear of further harm, 1 ccunfel thee.

Sfenfer'i Fairy Sunn, b. ii. eant. ^. Jlanx. 39.

Te ABANDON OVER. 11. fl. [a fomi of wri-
ting not ufual, perhaps not exacl.] To
give up to, to refign.

Look on me as a man abandon d o'er
To an eternal lethargy of love ;
To puU, and pinch, and wound me, cannot cure,
And but diAurb the quiet of my death.

Dryd. Sp. Friar.

Aba'nooned. farticip. adj. Corrupted
in the higheil degree ; as, an abandoned
%vretch. In this fenfe, it is a contradion

of a longer form, abandoned [given up]
to wickednefs.

Aba'ndoninc. [A verbal noun from
abandon.] Defertion, forfaking.

He hop'd his paft meritorious ailions might out-
weigh his prcfent abandoning the thought of future
action. Clarend. b. viii.

Ab a'k DONMEHT.ir./ [abajtdoanement ,Ft .]

1. The aft of abandoning.

2. The ftate of being abandoned. Dia.
Abanni'tiOn. n./. [LblZ. aiannitio.] A

banifhment for one or two years, for
manflaughter. Obfolete. Dia.

Te Aba're. 1/. a. [abajiian. Sax.] Tomake
bare, uncover, or difclofe. Dia.

Ab ARTicutA'TiON.«.y; [from ab, from,
and articulus, a joint, Lat.] A good and
apt conftruftion of the bones, by which
they move ftrongly and eafily ; or that
fpecies of articulation that has manifeft
motion. Dta.

To Aba'se. 1). a. [Fr. abaijfer, from the
Lat. hajis, or bajfus, a b.arbarous word,
fignifying low, bafe.]

1. "To deprefs, to lower.

It is a point of cunning to wait upon him with
whom you fpeak with your eye; yet with a demure
abajing of it fomctimes. , Baccn.

2. To caft down, to deprefs, to brijig low ;
in a figurative and perfonal fenfe, which
is the common ufe.

Hjppy Ihephcid, to the gods be thankful, that
to thy advancement their wlfdoms have thceabajcd.

Sidney, b, \.
Behold every one that is proud, and abiije him.

'Job, xl. II.
With unrefiftcd might the monarch reigns;
He levels mountains, and he raifes plains j
And, not regarding difl'rence of degree,
jit>as'd your daughter, and exalted me.

Dryd. Fables.

If the mind be curbed and humbled too much

in children ; if their fpirlts be ahafed and broken

much by too ftrlit an hand over them ; they lofe

all their vigour and induftry.

Loekt on Education, § 46.

Aba's ED. adj. [with heralds] a term ufed
of the wings of eagles, when the top
looks downwards towards the point of the
ftiield ; or when the wings are ftiut ; the
natural way of bearing them beingfpread
with the top pointing to the chief of the
angle. Bailey. Chambers.

Aba'sement. n.f. The ftate of being
brought low ; the aft of bringing low ;
deprefiion.

There is an abafenunt becaufe of glory ; and
there is tliat lifteth up his head from a low cftate.
EccUfijJlicus, XX. II.

7ff Aba'sh. ni. a. [See Bashful. Per-
haps from abaiffer, French.]

1. To put into confufion ; to make afha-
med. It generally implies a fudden
impreflion of Ihame.

They heard, and were abap'd.

Milton's Paradife Loft, b, !, /. 3 ji.
This heard, th' imperious queen fat mute with
fear;
Nor further dur(l incenfc the gloomy thunderer.
Silence was in the court at this rebuke :
Nor could the g'^ds, abajb'd, fullain their fove-
reign's look. Dryden's Fables.

2. The paflive admits the particle at, fomc-
times of, before the caufal noun.

1 n no wile (peak againft the truth, but be abnjhed
of the error of thy ignorance. Ecclui. iv. 25.

I faid unto her, From whence is this kid ? Is
it not ftolen ? But (be replied u^on nic, it was

liven fm > gift, more than the wagtji however^
I did not believe her, and 1 was aba/b.-d at lier.

iob. ii. 13, i^
In the ad-nirrtion only of weak minds
Led captive : ccafc t" admire, and all her plumct
Fall Hat, and (ink into a trivial toy.
At every fudden flighting quite abdjht.

Mtlti.n's Paradife Ltji, b. ii. /. 223.
The little Cupiils hov'ring round,
(As pictures prove) with garlands crown'd,
MaJIj'd at what tbey faw and heard,
Ficw off, nor ever more appcar'd.

Sliift's Mifcillariil,

To AB A'TE. V. a. [from the French abba-
ire, to beat down.]

1. To leffen, to diminifli.

Who can tell whether tlie divine wifdoni, to
abate the glory of thoft kings, did not rcfcrve this
wo;k to be done by a* queen, that it might appear
to be his own immediate work?

Sir John Da'vies on Ireland^
If you did know to whom 1 gave the ring.
And how unwillingly I left the ring,
.You would abate the ftreogth of your difpleafure.

Sbattjj>eare,

Here we fee the hopes of great benefit and light

from expofitors and commentators, are in a great

part abated; and thofe who have moft need of their

help, can receive but little from them.

Luke's EJfay on St. Paul's Ef'JiUi.

2. To dejeft, or deprefs the mind.

This iron world
Brings down the llouteft hearts to loweft ftate :
For mifery doth braveft m'indi abate.

Spenf. Hubbird's Tale.
Have the power ftiJl
To hani(h your defenders, till at length
Your ignorance deliver you.
As moft abated captives to fome nation
That won you without blows !

Sbatefpeare's Coriolanus,
Time, that changes all, yet changes us in vain.
The body, not the mind ; nor can controul
Th' immortal vigour, or abati the foul.

Dryd. ^ne'id,

3. In commerce, to let down the price in
felling, fometimes to beat down the price
in buying.

To Aba'te. 'V. »;

1. To grow lefs ; as, his paflion abates;
the ftorm abates. It is ufed fometimes
with the particle of before the thing
leffened.

Our phyficians have obfcrved, that in procefs of
time, fome difeafes have abiitidcfx.)\t\r virulence,
and have, in a manner, worn out their malignity,
io as to be no longer mortal.

Dryden's Hind and Panther,

2. [In common law.]

It is in law ufed both aftively and neuterly ; as,
to abate a catlie, to beat it down. To ithate a writ,
is, by fome exception, to defeat or overthrow it,
A ftranger abatetb, that is, entereth upon a houfe
or land void by the death of him that laft pon(:(red
it, before the heir take his po(rcl1ian, and fo keep-
eth him out. Wherefore, as he that putteth out
him in pofTelTinn, is faid to dilTelfe : fo he that
fteppcth in between the former pofTefTor and hi»
heir is faid to abate. In '.he neuter fignlfication
thus ; The writ of the d niandment ihail abate, that
is, (hall be difabled, fruftrated, or overthrown. The
appeal ahateih by covin, that is, that the accuO-
tion is defeated by deceit. CoiueU

3. [In horfemanlhip.] A horfe is faid to
abate or take down his curvets ; when
working upon curvets,' he puts his two
hind legs to the ground both at once,
and obfervcs the fame exaftnefs in all
the times. Dia,

Aba'tement. n.f. \abatemcnt,^'c.'\
I. The aft of abating or leflening.

Xenophon tells us, that the city contained about
ten theuXond houfes, and ^wing one saaa to every

boufe^

ABB

ABB

A B D

houfc, who could have any (hare in the jorern-
ment (the reft coniiliing of women, children, and
. lervants}, and making orher obvious abatements^
thcfc tyrants, it" they had been careful to adhere
together, might have been a majority even of the
people colle^ive.

Sviift on tbe Ctnteji ofAthem and Romg'

2. The ftate of being abated.

ColTee has, in common with all nuts, an oil
ftrongly combined and entangled with earthy par-
ticles. The moft noxious part of oil exhales in
roafting, to the aiatemtnt of near one quarter of its
weight. Arhuthnct on Al'tmcrts.

3 . The fum or quantity taken away by the
aft of abating.

The law of works is that Ijw, which requires
pcrfefl obedience, without rcmiflion or abatement^
fo that, by thatlav,-, a man cannot be juft, or jufti-
6ed, without an cxa3 performance of ever)' tittle.

Locke.

4. The caufe of abating; extenuation.

As our advantages towards pradt^fing and pro-
moting piety and virtue were greater than thofe ot
other men; fo will our eicufe be lefs, if weneglcil
to make ufe of them. We cannr't plead in abate-
ment of our guilt, that we were ignnrant of our
duty, under the prepolfefiion of ill habits, and the
bias of a wrong education. Atterbury^sSermcm,

5. [Inlaw.] The ad of the abator ; as, the
abatement of t\\e heir into the land before
he hath agreed with the lord. The af-

, feftion or paflion of the thing abated ;
Tis, abatement of ihe ■wnx.. Ctnve/.

6. [With heralds.] An accidental mark,
which being added to a coat of arms,
the dignity of it is abafed, by reafon of
fome Ilain or dilhonourable quality of
the bearer. />.<2.

Aba'ter. n./. The agent or caufe by
which an abatement is procured ; that
by which any thing is leffened.

Abaters of acrimony or fliarpnefs, arc exprciled
oils of ripe vegetables, and all preparations of
fucb ; as of almonds, pillachocs, and ether nuts.
A'butbnot on Diet,

Aba'tor. n./. [a law term.] One who
intrudes into houfes or land, void by the
death of the former poffeflbr, and yet
not entered upon or taken up by his
heir. Di^.

A'batude. n.y; [old records.] Anything
dtminifhed. Bailey.

A'bature. It./, [from aiatre, French.]
Thofe fprigi of grafs which are thrown
down by a ttag irf his pafiing by. Dia.

Abb. «./. The yarn on a weaver's warp ;
a terra among clothiers. Chambers.

ABB J. n.f. [Heb. ns] A Syriac word,
which f\^n\fic% father .

A'bqacv. /;./. \LzX. ahbatla.'\ The rights
or privileges of an abbot. See Abbey.

According to Fctiuu>, an abbacy is tlie iiignity
itfclf, fincc an abbot ia a term ( r word of dignity,
and not of ofSce ; and, therefore, even i fecular
perfon, who has the cue of fouls, is fometimes,
iR the canon law, alf > ftiled an abbot.

^>7'j?='j Parcrgitt 'jitrh Canonhi.

A'bbess.«./ [Lat.. aibali//b, from whence
the Saxon abubij-yi;, then probably ab-
hatefs, and by contrafticn abheffe in Fr.
and abbej'i, Eng.] The fuperiour or go-
verncfs of a nunnery or monaflery of
women.

They fled
Into this al bey, whither we purfued them ;
JVnd here the abhejs Ihuts tbe gate on us.
And will not fuffer us to fetch him out.

Shaltf. Con. ofErrtri.

I hive a filter, aibcfs in Terceraf,
Who loft her lover on her bridal-day.

DiyJ. D. Sebajl.
Conftantia, as foon as the folemnities of her re-
ception were over, retired with the abbefs into h?i
own apartment. Adii'.jon.

A'bbey, or Abby. n.f. [Lat. abbatia;
from whence probably firft Abbacy;
which fee.] A monaftery of religious
perfons, whetlier men or women ; dif-
tinguifhed from religious houfes of other
denominations by larger privileges. See
Abbot.

With eafy roads he came to Leicefler ;
Lodg'd in the abbey, where the reverend abbot,
Y^ithall his convent, honourably receivM him.

Shakejp.

A'bbey- -Lubber, n.f. [See Lubber.]
A flothful loiterer in a religious houfe,
under pretence of retirement and aufte-
rity.

This is no Father Dominic, no huge overgrown
abbey-lubber \ this is but a diminutive fucking
f'iar. ' DryH. Sp. fr.

A'BBOT. H.f. [in the lower Latin abbas,
from i» father, which fenfe was Hill
implied ; fo that the abbots were called
patres, and abbefles matres monajicrii.
Thus Fortunatus to the abbot Paternus :
Namitiis cffieiumjure. Paterae, geris.'j The
chief of a convent, or fellowfliip of ca-
nons. Of thefe, fome in England were
mitred, fome not : thofe that were mi-
tred, were exempted from the jurildic-
tion of the diocefan, having in them-
felves epifcopal authority within their
precinfts, and being alfo lords of parlia-
ment. The oth/r fort were fubjcft to
the diocefan in all fpiritual government.

dive/.
See Abbey.

A'bbotship. n.f. The ftate or privilege
of an abbot. Did.

To ABBRE'VIATE. v. a. [Lat. abbre-
1)1 are.^

1. To Ihorten by contraftion of parts with-
out lofs of the main fubilance ; to abridge.

It is one thing to abbreviate by contradllng, an-
other by cutting off. Baccn, FJJay 26.

The only invenfion of late years, which hath
contributed towards polirenefs in difcnurfc, is that
of abbreviating or reducing words of many fyllablei
into one, by lopping ofF tl.c reft. Sieift.

2. To fliortcn, to cut fliort.

Set the rtrength of their days before the flood j
which were aibreviatej after, and contracted into
hundreds and threefcores.

Bro^vn'i Vulvar Ernun, b. vi. e. 6.
.Abersvi a'tion. n.f. ~

1. The aft of abbreviating.

2. The means ufed to abbreviate, as cha-
rafters fignifying whole words ; words
contrafted.

Such is the propriety and energy in them all,
that they never can be chang(:d, but to difadvan-
fage, except in the circumftance of ufing albrevia-
t'ont. Swi/i.

Abbrevia'tor. n.f, [abbre-viateur,Fr.]
One who abbreviates, or abridges.

.A,-!Ek.e'vi ATURE. n. f [abbrevialura.
La:.]

1. A mark ufed for the fake of (hortening.

2. A compendium or abridgment.

Ht! is a good man, who grieves ra.her lor him
that injures him, tlun f^r hii own fuffering; who
prays fgr bim that wrong!, him, forgiving all bis

faults; who fooner (hews mercy thah anger; wh«
offers violence to his appetite, in ell things endea-
vouring to fubdue the fiefli to the fpirit. This is
an excellent abbreviature of the whole duty of a
Chri!>ian. 7aylari Guiti< to Dtvoricn,

JBBREUFOI'R. [in French, a watering-
place. Ital. abbe-jerato, dal verbo beiiere.
Lat. bibcre. Abbeverari i cavalli. This
word is derived by Menage, not much
acquainted with the Teutonic dialefts,
from adbibare for adbibere ; but more
probably it comes from the fame root
with bretxi. See Brew.] Among ma-
fons, the joint or junfture of two Hones,
or the interftice between twoftonesto be
filled up with mortar. Di&.

A'bby. See Abbey.

A, B, C.

1. The alphabet; as, he has not learned
his a, b, c.

2. The little book by which the elements
of reading are taught.

Then comes queilion like an a, b, c, book.

Skokefpeare*

To A'BDICATE. -v. a. [Lat. abdicc] To
give up right ; to refign ; to lay down
an office.

Old Saturn, here, with upcaft eyes.

Beheld his abdicatcil Ikics. AJdifon,

Abdica'tion. ?/._/". [abduatio, Lut.] The

aft of abdicating ; refignation ; quitting

an office by one's own proper aft before

the ufual or dated expiration.

Neither duth it appear how a princ«'s abdication
can make any other fort of vacancy in the throne,
than would be caufcd by his death ; fince hecan-
not abdicate for his children, otherwife than by his
own confcnt in form to a bill from the two houfes*
Sivift on the Sentiments of a Church of
England Man.

A'bdicative. adj. That which caufes.or
implies an abdication. Diil.

A'bdicative. adj. [from <? Wo, to hide. j
That which has the power or quality of
hiding. Dia.

ABDO'MEN. n. f [Lat. from abdo, to
hide.] A cavity commonly called the
lower venter or belly : It contains the
Itomach, guts, liver, fpleen, bladder,
and is within lined with a membrane
called the peritoneum. The lower part
is called the hypogallriiim ; the forcmoll
part is divided into the epigaftrium, the
right and left hypochondria, and the
navel ; 'tis boended above by the car-
tilago eufiformis and the diaphragm,
fideways by the flwrt or lower ribs, and
behind by the vertebra; of the loins, the
bones of the coxendix, that of the pubes,
and OS facrum. It is covered with feve
ral mufcles, from whofe alternSle relaxa-
tions and contra(itions in refpiration,.
digeilion is forwarded, and the due mo-
tion of all the parts therein contained
pfomoted, both for fecretion and expul-
fion. ' ^iiicy.

The abJonun confifts of parts containing and con-
tained. py)fem:in^s Surgery.

Abdo'minal. Xadj. Relating to the ab-

Abdo'm INDUS. 5 domen.

To A.'JDU'CE. 'u. a. [Lat. abduco.'\ Tq
draw to a diffcrcHt part ; to withdraw
one part from another. A word chiefly
ufed in phylic or fcience.

B i If

ABE

A B H

A B I

If w« tUtict the eye unto either tomar, the
ohjcA will not duplicKe; (ur, in that porition,che
axis of (he cones remain in the Tame plain, as is
demonftrated in the optics delivered by Galen.

Browit'i yulgar Ernun, b, iii. c. 20.

Abou'cent. aajr. Mufcles abducent are
thofe which ferve to open or pull back
divers parts of the body ; their oppofites
being called adducent. Di8.

Abduc'tion. n.f. [aiduSHi, Lat.]

1. The art of drawing apart, or withdraw-
ing one part from another.

2. A particular form of argument.
JBDirCTOK. n.f. {^abduaor, Lat.] The

name given by anatomitts to the muf-
cles, which ferve to draw back the fe-
veral members.

He fuppofed ih ; conftriftors of the eye-lid» muft
he ftresgthened in the fupercilious j the aidulfsn
in drunkards, and contemplarive men, who have
the fame fteady and grave motion of the eye.

jirtuititot anil Pofi'i A''arlinus Scriilcrus.

Abeceda'rian. »./ [from the names of
a, b, c, the three firtt letters of the al-
phabet.] He that teaches or learns the
alphabet, or firft rudiments of literature.
This word is ufed by ff^ood in his
Athena Oxoninfes, where mentioning
Farnaby the critic, he relates, that, in
fome part of his life, he was reduced to
follow the trade of an abecedarian by his
misfortunes.

A'BECEDARY.fli^'. [See Ab ECED A R I AN.]

1. Belonging to the alphabet.

2. Infcribed with the alphabet.

This is pretended from the fympathy of two
needles touched with the loadllonc, and placed in
the center of two ahtcedary circles, or rings of let-
ters, defcribed round about them, One friend keep-
ing one, and another the other, and agreeing upon
' i^Ki hour wherein they will communicate.

Brovin^i Vuhar Errcurs^ b* n. r. 3.

Abe'o. aJv. [from a, for at, and bed.] In
bed.

It was a (hame for them to mar their com-
plexions, yea and conditions too, with long lying
tfW : when fiie was of their age, file would have
in»ie a handkerchief by that time oMay.

Suliy, b» ii.
She has not been ahed, but in her chapel
All night devoutly watch'd. Dryd. Span. Friar.
-Abe'rrance. ?«./. [from a berro, La.t.
Abe'rrancy. 5 to wander from the
right way.] A deviation from the right
way ; an crrour ; a miftake ; a falfe opi-
nion.

They do not only fwarm with errours, but vices
depending thereon. Thus they commonly aft'edl
no man any farther than he dcferts his reafon, or
complies with thrir ahcrrartc'm.

Brotim't y^ulgar Ernurs, h. i. f. 3.
Could a man be compofed to fuch an advantage
of conftitution, that it ihould not at all adulterate
the images of his mind ; yet this fecond nature
would alter the cr.^iis of his underilanding, and
render it as obnoxious to aherraricetf as now.

CfoBvilU^i Supjit Scientijicat c. 16.
Abe'rrant. adj. [from aberraris, Lat.]
Deviating, wandering from the right or
known way. DiJl,

Aberra'tio.n. n.f. [from «i«rra//o, Lat.]
The act of deviating from the common
or from the right track.

If it be a miilake, there is no hercfy in fuch an
barmlefs aherratkn ; the probability of it will ren-
der it a lapfe of eafy pardon.

CUn-vilU'i Sceffit Seienllfica, c. 11.

ABE'jLRiKC./«r/. [from the \<iih aberr.

cf abini, Lat.] Wandering, going a-
Ibray.

Of the verb aberr I have found no
example.

Divers were out in their account, aterr'mg feve-
ral ways from the true and jult compute, and call-
ing that one year, which perhaps might be another.
Bri/ivns yulg.ir Errourif b. iv. r. 12.
To Aberu'nc ATE. I". «. [averunco, Lat.]
To pull up by the roots ; to extirpate
utterly. D'^-

To ABE'T. "v. a. [from betan. Sax. Cg-
nifyine to enkindle or animate.] To
pulh forward another, to fupport him in
his defigns by connivance, encourage-
ment, or help. It was once indifferent,
but is almoA always taken by modern
writers in an ill fenfe : as may be feen
in Abetter.

To abd fignifieth, in our common law, as much
as to encourage or fet on. Co^vel.

Then fliall I foon, quoth he, return again,
Abet that virgin's caufe difconfolate.
And ftiortly back return. Fairy Siueen, b. i.

A widow who by folemn vows,
Contrafted to me, for my fpoufe,
Combin'd with him to break her word.
And has abetted all. Hudibras, p. iii. cant. 3.

Men lay fo great weight upon right opinions,
and eagernefs of abetting them, tliat they account
that the unum neceflarium. Decay of Piety.

They abetted both parties in the civil war, and
always furnifiied fupplies to the weaker fide, left
there fliould be an end put to thcfe fatal divifions.
Jlddifin. Freehulder, No 2S.

Abe'tment. n.f. The aft of abetting.

Dia.
Abe'tter, or Abe'ttor. ».yi He that

abets ; the fupport«r or encourager of

a :v) titer.

Wliilft calumny has two fuch potent abetters,
we are not to wonder at its growth ; as long as
men are malicious and defigning, they will be tra-
ducing. Govertl. of tbe Tongue.

You (hall be ftill plain Torrifmond with me,
Th' abfttir, partner (if you like the name),
The hulband of a tyrant, but no king ;
Till you dcferve that title by yourjullice.

Dryden^s Spjnijh Friar.
Thefe confiderations, though they may have no
influence on the multitude, ought to fink into the
minds of thofe who are their abettors, and who,
if they cfcape puniihment here, muft know, that
thcfe fcvcral mifchiefs will be one day laid to their
charge. Addijor. Freeholder, No 50.

Abey'ance. n.f. [from the French abo-
yer, allatrare, to bark at.] This word,
in Littleton, cap. Difcontinuance, is thus
ufed. The right of fee-fimple lieth in
abeyance, when it is all only in the re-
membrance, intendment, and confidera-
tion of the law. The frank tenement of
the glebe of the parfonage, is in no man
during the time that the parfonage is
void, but is in abeyance. Co-ivel.

Aboreca'tion. n.f. [abgregatio, LtA.]
A reparation from the flock. Diil.

To ABHO'R. T/. a. [abborrea, Lat.] To
hate with acrimony ; to detell to extre-
mity ; to loath ; to abominate.

■Whilll I was b g in claraout, came a man.
Who having freii ;iie in my worferftate,
Shunn'd my abhorrd fociety.

Sl'akefpcaie's K. Lear,
Juftly thou abb:^rryi
That fon, who on the qaict ftate of men
Such trouble brought, aflfefting Co fubdue
Rational liberty.

Mill. ParaJ, Loji, 6. xii. /. 79.

The felf.fame thing they wilt abbn>
One way, and long another for.

Hudibras, p, i. cant, f ,

A church of England man abhors the humour
of the age, in delighting to Aing fcandals upon the
clergy in general i which, befides the difgracsto
the reformation, and to religion itfcif, cafts an ig-
nominy upon the kingdom. Stvift, Ch, ofEng,

AbHo'rRENCE. 1 r re II 1

A r > n.f, I from aoMr.l

Abho rrencv. i -^ '• ■•

1 . The a£t of abhorring, deteflation.

It draws upon him the hatred and abhorrence of
all men here ; and fubjedts him to the wrath of
God hereafter. Soutb's Hcrmmst

2. The difpofition to abhor, hatred.

Even a juft arid neceflary defence does, by giv.
ing men actguaintance with war, take oS' Ibine-
what from the abhorrence of it, and infenfibly dif-
pol'e them to hoftilities. Dec<iy of Piety,

The firft tendency to any injuftlce that appears,
muft be fupprerted with a (how of wonder and ai-
borrency in the parents and governours.

Locke on Education, § 1 10.

Abho'rrekt. adj. [from fl^ar.]

1 . Struck with abhorrence ; loathing.

For if the worlds
In worlds inclos'd could on his fenfes burft.
He would abhorrent turn.

Thomjons Summer, I. 3io»

2. Contrary to, foreign, inconfiflent with.
It is ufed with the particles from or to,
but more properly w\t.\ifrom.

This I conceive to be an hypothefis, well worthy
a rational belief; and yet it is fo abhorrent frr.m
the vulgar, that they would as foon believe Anaxa.
goras, that fnow is black, as him that Ihould af-
firm it is not white.

GlantiiUe' s Sceffis Sciem. c. 12.
Why then thefe foreign thoughts of ftate em-
ployments.
Abhorrent to your funftjon and your breeding ?
Poor droning truants of unpraftis'd cells,
Bred in the fcUow(hip of bearded boys.
What wonder is it if you know not vntrs ?

Dryden,
Abho'rrer. n.f. [from abhor.] The per-
fon that abhors ; a hater, deteller.

The lower clergy were railed at, for difputing
the power of the bilhops, by the known ahborrers
of cpifcopacy, and abuli^d for doing nothing in
the convocations, by thefe very men who wanted
to bind up their hands. Siuifl. Examiner, N° 2i.

Abho'rring. The objeft of abhorrence.
This feems not to be the proper uie of
the participial noun.

They (hall go forth, and look upon the carcafes
of the men that have tranlgreflcd againft Me :
for their worm (hall not die, neither (hall their
fire be quenched, and they ihall be an abhorring
unto all fie(h. Ij'aiab, Ixvi. 44.

To ABI'DE. -K. n. I abode or abid. [from
bibian, or aubibian. Sax.]

1 . I'o dwell in a place ; not remove ; t»

ilay.

Thy fervant became furety for the lad unto my
father, faying. If 1 bring him not unto thee, then
I (hall bear the blame to my father for ever. Now
therefore I pray thee, let thy fervant abide inftead
rf the lad, a bondman to my lord j and let the
lad go up with his brethren. Gen. xliv. 31, 33-.

2. To dwell.

The Marquis Dorfet, as I hear, is fled
To Kichmond, in the parts where he abides. ■

Shakejp. Richard III.

Thofe who apply themfclves to learning, are
forced to acknowledge one God, incoriuptible and
unbegotten ; who is the only true being, anu aliJei
for ever ibove th- higheft heavens, from whence
He beholds all the things thac are done in heaven
Md earth.

StilHngfi. Defence of Di/c. on Rom. Ido/ai,

3. To

A B I

3. To remain ; not ceafe or fail} to be
immoveable.

They chat truft in the Lord (hall be as mount
ZioPi whxh cannot be removed, but ahUdtb for
ever. PJa/m cxxv. 1.

4. To continae in the fame ftate.

The tejr of the Lord toiJcth to life ; and hs
that hath it (hall ao:Je fatistied. Pr',v. xix. 23

There can be no ftuJy without time; and the
mind mull j&iJi and dwell upon things, or be al-
ways a ftranger to the infijc of them. South.

5". To endure without offence, anger, or
contradiftion.

Who canaiiVr, that, againli their own doilors,
fix whole books ^ould by their fatherhoods be im-
periuuOy obtruded upon God and his church ?

Ha!!.

6. It is ufed with the particle ivit/f be-
fore a perfon, and at or in before a place.

It is tetter that I give her to thee, than that 1
Jhould give her to another man : ylMde ivith me.

G-.r, xx'ix, 19.

For thy fervant vowed a vow, while I atoJt at
Ge/hur in Syria, faying, if the Lord {ball bring me
again indeed to Jerufalem, then 1 will ferve th::
Lord. 2 Sam. xv. S.

7. It is ufed with hy before a thing; as, to
abide by his teftimony ; to abide by his
own (kill ; that is, to rely upon them ; to
abide by an opinion ; to maintain it ; to
abide by a man, is alfo, to defend or /up
fort him. But thefe forms are fome-
thing low.

Of the participle aiid, I have found
only the example in Woodward, and
(hould rather determine thztabidein the
aftive fenfe has no paflive participle, or
compounded preterite.
To Abi'de. t/. a.

1. To wait for, e.-cpeft, attend, wait upon,
await : ufed of things prepared for per-
fons, as well as of perfons expecting
■things.

Home is be brought, and laid in fumptuous bed,
Where many Ikilful leeches him aliuie.
To f:.Iwe his hurts. Fairy S^ueen, b. i. c, ^. fi. 17.

Whil': lions war, and battle for their dens,
Poor harmief; iambs thidt their enmity.

Sbah^f. Hen. VI. f. 3.

Bonds and affliOinns aiije mc. y^ffs, xx. 23.

2. To bear or fupport the confequences of
a thing.

Ah me ! they little know
How dearly I tt'ule that bead fo vain.

Milloit'i Par. Left.

3. To bear or fupport, without being con-
quered or deftroyed.

But the Lord lie is the true God, he is the
living Cod, and an everlafling Icing : At his
wrath the earth (hall tremble, and the nations
Aallntbe .ible tOd^;i/r his indignation. Jtr. x. 10.

It muft le allowed a fair prefumption in favour
of the truth of my doilrines, that they hav3 abid
a very rigorous teft now for above thirty years,
and the mote ftiirtly they are looked into, the
moie they are confirmed. IVxdviard, Litter i.

4. To bear without averfion ; in which
fenfe it is commonly ufed with a nega-
tive.

Thou canit not abide Tiridates; thia is but
iove of th)fcl(. Sidney, b. ii.

Thy vile race,
Though thou didA learn, had that io't, which

g!>)i natures
Gould not abide tube with; therefore wall thou
Oefervcdly confin d unto this rock.

Sbahff. Ttmfrft.

J. To bear or uffcr,

A B J

Girl witk circumfluous tides,
He ftiU calamitous conllraint abides.

Pope'i Odyf b. iv. /. 750
Abi'der. n.f. \^{iom abide.] The perfon
that abides or dwells in a place ; per-
haps that lives or endures. A word
little in ufe.
Abi'ding. ti.f. [from abide."] Continu-
ance ; (lay ; fixed ftate.

We arc (Irangers before Thee and fojourners, as
were all our fathers : our days on the earth ate as
a fliadow, and there is none abidirg.

1 Ciyran. xxix, 15.
The air in that region is fo violently removed,
and carried about with fuch fwiftnefs, as nothing
in tlut place can confifl or have abidirg.

Raiv'eigl.'i Hift:iry ^ihe ffcrld.

A'BJECT. adj. \^abjeifus, Lat. thrown
away as of no value.]

1. Mean; worthlefs ; bafe ; groveling:
fpoken of perfons, or their qualities.

Rebellion
Came like itfelf in bafe and ahjcS routs.
Led on by bloody yourh grjaJed with rage.
And counceoanc'd by boys and beggary.

Sbahfprare't Henry IV.
I wa? at fird, as other bealls thkr graze
The trodJcn herb, of abjed thoughts and low.

Milt. Para-.aje Left, b. ix. /. 571,

Honed men, who tell ;heir fovereigns what they

expeft from them, and what obedience they fliall

be always ready to pay them, are not upon an

equal foot with bafe and abjrfl flatterers.

Aldifin'a fnig Examiner.

2. Being of no hope or regard ; ufed of
condition.

The rarer th^ example (lands,
Ey how much trom the top of wond'rous gbry,
Strongeft nf mortal men.

To loweft pitch of aijeS fortune thou art fall'n.
Milton's Sampfin ^gcmftcs.
We fee man and woman in the higheft inno-
cence and perfeflion, and in the moft abjc^ ftate
of guilt and infir.nity.

yfddijon. SftHator, N" 279.

3. Mean and defpicable ; ufed of aflions.

'1 he rapine is f) abjcfl and profane.
They not from trifles, nor from gods refrain.

Dryden'i Juvenal, Sat. 8.

To what bafe ends, and by what abjea ways.
Are mortals urg'd through facred lull of praif • ?
^ P'.l>e's Ejjjy an Criticifm.

Abject, n.f. A man without hope; a

manwhofe miferies are irretrievable;

one of the loweft -condition.
Yea, the akjeHi gathered themfclvcs together

againft m^c. pfalm xixv. 15.

To Abje'ct. v. a. [abjicio, Lat.] To

throw away. A word rarely ufed.
Abje'ctedness. n.f. Ifrom abjed.] The

ftate of an abjedt.

Our Saviour would love at no !efs rate than
death; and, from the fupereml:icr,t height of
glory, ftooped and abafed himfejf to tire fuft^^rancc
of the extremcft of indignities, and lunk himfelf
to the bottom of abjifiidntfs , to exalt our condi-
tion to the contrary extreme. B(,yle's fVorks.
Abje'ction. w./. [homabjea.'] Mean-
hefsofraind; want of fpirit ; fervility;
bafenefs.

That this (hould be termed bafenefs, abjeaitin
of mind, or fervility, is it crcJijle ?

H'yoier,,b. v. ^ 47.

The juft medium lies betwixt pride and the

abjcBian, the two extremes. VEftrange.

A'bjectly. ad'u. [from abje^.] In an

abjcft manner, meanly, balcly, fer-

vilely, contemptibly.

A'BJECT^•Ess, n./. [from abjea."] Ab-

jeftiony fervility, meannefs.

A B J

Servility and aljeBncJs of humour is implicitlir
involved in the charge of lying.

Government of the Tongue, § 8.
By humility I mean not the abjtlincjs of a bafa
mind : but a prudent care not to over-value our-
felves upon any account.

Gn^u^s Cofmclogia Sacra, b. ii. e. 7.
Abi'lity. n.f. [Babihte, Fr.]
I. The power to do any thing, whether
depending upon (kill, or riches, or
ftrength, or any other quality.

Of finging thou hall got tiie reputation.
Good Thyrfis, mine 1 yield to thy ability j
My heart doth feek another eftimation.

Sidney, b, u
If aught in my ability may ferve
To lighten what thou iulier'll, and appeafe
Thy mind with what amends is in my pow'r.

Milton s Sumfjon Agoniftei, I. 74^
They gave after their ab'dity unto the treafure.

Exra, ii. 69.
If any man minifter, let him do it as of the-
ability v^•hich God givcth ! that God in all things
may be glorified through JefusChrift. i Pa. iv. 11.
Wherever we find our abilities too weak for the
performance, he affures us of the afliftance of his
Holy Spirit, Rogeis's Sermons.

z. Capacity of mind; force of underftand-
ing ; mental power.

Children in whom tjiere was no blemilh, but"
well-favoured, and (kilful in all wifdom, and cun-
ning in knowledge, and underllanding fcience, .
and fuch as had ability in them to ftand in the
king's palace. Can. i. 4.

2. When it has the plural number, abi/i^
ties, it frequently fignifies the faculties
or powers of the mind, and fometimes
the force of underftanding given by na-
ture, asdiftinguifhedfrom acquired qua-
lifications.

Whether it may be thought nccefTary, that in
certain trails of country, like what we call pa-
rities, there (hould be one man, at lead, of abili-
ties to read and write ? Stuift.
Abinte'state. adj. [of etb, from, and
intejiatiis, Lat.] A term of law, im-
plying him that inherits from a man„
■ who, though he had the power to mate
a will, yet did not make it.
To A'bjugate. 1/. a. [abjugc, Lat.] To
unyoke, to uncouple. Bin
To ABJU'RE. v. a. [abjuro, Lat.]

1 . To caft off upon oath, to fwear not to
do or not to have fomething.

Either to die the death, or to abjure
For ever the fociety •■» man.

Sbakcjpeare's Midfum. Night's Dreaiir^

No man, therefore, that hath not abjured hi»
reafon, and Ivvorn allegiance to a preconceived
fantadical hypothefis, can undertake the defence
of fuch a fuppofjtion. Hale,

2. To retraci, recant„ on abnegate a po,
(ition upon oath.

Abjiira'tion. »./ [horn abjure.} The
aft of abjuring^ The oath takea for ,
that end.

Until Henry VIIL his time, if a man, havina
committed felony, could go. inio a church, o»
church-yard, before he were apprehended, he might
not be takeji from thence to the ufual trial of law,
but confcfling his fault to the juftices, or to thr
coroner, gave his oath to forfakc tlie realm for
ever, which wascalled abjuration.

There are fome abjurations dill in force among
U5 here in England ; a.», by the (latute of the 2jth.
of king Charles II. all persons that are aitmittcd
into any odice, civil or military, mud take the
teft 5 which is an ahjuratim'oS iomcdoclrines ot
the church of Rome.

There is likewile another oath of clJuraiiM,

which.

A3 L

ABO

ABO

-which laymsn and clergymen are bath obllgeil to
take; and thai is to at jure tlic Pretender.

Ail^e's Panrgrtn "Jurii Cutionici*

To ABLA'CTATE. v. a. [ablaao, Lat.]
To wean from the breaft.

Ablacta't ION. n.j. One of the me-
thods of grafting ; and, according to
the fignification of the word, as it were
X weaning ol a cyon by degrees from its
mother ituck ; not cutting it off wholly
from the Itock, till it is firmly united
to that on which it is grafted.

Ab I A qjj E a't ion. tt./. [^ahlaqueatie, Lat. ]
The art or praftice of opening the
ground about the roots of trees, to let
the air and water operate upon them.

Trench the 'ground, and make it ready Jor the
fpting : Prepare alio foil, and ufe it where you
have occafion : Dig borders. Uncover as yet roots
oftieet, where ablajucmion is requifite.

jLvtilyii's Kahndar,

The tenure in chief is the very root that doth
«iaint:iin this fihxr ^tm, that by many rich and
fruitful branches fpreadcth itfelf : fo if it be luf-
fered to ftarve, by want of ablatjueal'ion, and
other good liulbandry, this yearly fruit will much
decrcafe. Bacm's Office af AlUnaiions.

ABLA'TION. »./ [ablatio, Lat.] The

aft of taking away.
A'hlative. n. a. [eblati'vus, Lat.]

1 . That which takes away.

2. Thefixth cafe of the Latin nouns; the
cafe which, among other fignifications,
includes the perfon from whom fome-
thing is taken away. A term of gram-
mar.

A'BLE. aJj. [habile, Fr. habilis, Lat.
Ikilful, ready.]

1. Having ftrong faculties, or great ftrength
or knowledge, riches, or any otiier
power of mind, body, or fortune.

Henry VU. was not afraid of an able man, as
LcwTs the Eleventh was. But, contrariwife, iic
was ferved by the abUfi men that were to be found ;
without which his aifairs could not have profpercd
a? they did. Baccn's Henry VII.

Such gambol faculties he hath, that (hew a
weak mind and an abU body, for the which the
prince admits him. Shakejf, Henry IV. f. ii.

2. Having power fnfficient ; enabled.

All mankind acknowledge tiiemfelves able and
fulHcient to do many things, which aftually they
never do. South", Serm.

Every man (hall give as he is able, according to

the bleliing of the Lord ».y God, which he hath

■ given thee. _ Deut. xvi. 17.

3. Before a verb, with the particle to,
it fignifies generally having the power.

Wrath is cruel, and anger is outrageous j but
who is able to ftand before envy ? Prw, xxvii. 4.

4. With /or it is not often nor very pro-
perly ufed.

There have been fome inventions alfo, which
have been able for the utterance of articclate
founds, as the fpeaking of ccrt.iin word*.

Wi/imi'j Mathematlal Magic.

To A'ble. v. a. To make able; to en-
able, which is the word commonly ufed.
See Enable.

Plate fin with gold.
And the ftrong lance of jufticc hurtiefs breaks ;
Arm it with rags, a pigmy's ftraw doth pierce it.
None does offend, none, I fay none, I'll able 'em ;
Take that of me, my friend.

Shakefpcare* s Kir.g hear.

Able-bodied. o<^'. Strong of body.

It lies in the power of every fine woman, to fe-
«urc at leaft half a doaen able-h'Jicd men to his
tn^eAj'l fervice. Add'ijai. FncbslJcr, N" 4.

To A'BLEGATE. v. a. [ablep. Lat.]

To fend abroad upon fome employment ;

to fend out of the way. Di£l.

Ablega'tion. tt./. [from abUgate.'\ The

adl of fetiding abroad. Di£i.

A'bleness. n.f. [from able.'] Ability of

body or mind, vigour, force.

That nation 4oth fo excel, both for comelinefs
and abtenejs, that from neighbour countries they
ordinarily come, fome to ftrive, fome to learn,
fome to behold. SiJniy, b. ii.

A'blepsy. a. / [aSxt-i'M, Gr.] Want

of fight, blindnefs; unadvifednefs. D/V7.
Abliguri'tion. n./. [abliguritio, hzt.]

Prodigal expence on meat and drink.

D.'3.
TV A'bligatb. v. a, [abligo. Lit,"] To

tic up from. - Di<S.

To A'BLOCATE. v. a. [abloco, Lat.] To

let out to hire.

Perhaps properly by him who has hired

it from another.

Calvin^ s Lexicon Juridicum.
Abloca'tion. ti. j. [from ablocate.] A

letting out to hire.
To Ablu'de. -v. n. [abludo, Lat.] To be

unlike. Dia.

A'b l u e n t. adj. [abluens, Lat. from abluo,

to wa(h away.]

1. That which wafhes clean.

2. That which has the power of cleanfmg.

Dia.
Ablu'tion. tt./. [ablttfio, Lat.]
1 . The aft of cleanfmg, or walhing clean.

There is a natural analogy between the ablution
of the body and the purification of the foul ; be-
tween eating the holy bread and drinking the facred
chalice, and a participation of the body and blood
of Chrift. Baylor t Worthy Covtmunicant.

z. The water ufed in wafhing.

Wafh'd by the briny wave, the pious train
Are deans'd, and call th* ablutions in the main.

Pope's Iliad.

3. The rinfing of chemical preparations in
water, to diffolve and walh away any
acrimonious particles.

4. The cup given, without confecration,
to the laity in the popifli churches.

To A'BNEGATE. i>. a. [from abnego,
Lat.] To deny.

Abnega'tion. n.f. [abnegatia, Lat. de-
nial, from abtiego, to deny.] Denial,
renunciation.

The abnegation or renouncing of all his own
holds and intciefts, and trufts of all that man is
mod apt to defend upon, that he may the more
expeditely follow Chrift. Hammond.

Abnoda'tion. n.f. [abnodatio, Lat.]
The aft of cutting away knots from
trees : a term of gardening. DiS.

Abno'rmous. adj. [abnormis, Lat. out
of rule.] Irregular, milhapen. DiSi.

Abo'ard. adv. [a fea-term, but adopted
into common language; derived im-
mediately from the French a bord, as,
aller a lord, eifvoyer a bord. Bord is
itfelf a word of very doubtful original,
and perhaps, in its different accepta-
tions, deducible from different roots.
Bopb, in the ancient Saxon, fignified a
hatife ; in which fenfe, to go aboard, is
to take up refidence in a Ihip.

I. In a ihip.

He loudly eall'd to fuch as were abnari.
The little bark unto the Hiore to draw,
And him to ferry over that deep ford.

Fairy Sueeti, b. ii. cant. 6.
He might land them, if it plcafcd him, or
otlierwife keep them aboard.

Sir W. Ratvleigb's EJ/ayt,

2. Into a Ihip.

When morning rofe, I fent my matea to bring
Supplies of water from a ncighb'rlng fpring,
Whilft I the motions of the wind expio: 'd ;
Then fummon'd in ray crew, and went abcarJ,

jiddifin'i Ovid's Mr:ami>rfht^es, i. iiK
Abo'de. tt./. [from abide.] ,

1. Habitation, dwelling, place of refi-
dence.

But I know thy abode and thy going out, and
thy coming in, 2 ^'"gh »i»- -t?"

Others may ufe the ocean as their road.
Only the Englilh make it their abode;
Whofe ready fa'ijs with every wind can fly.
And make a cov'nant with th' inconftant flcy.

fP'ailer.

2. Stay, continuance in a place.

Sweet friends, your patience for my long abode;
Not I, but my affairs, have made you wait,

Sbakefpeare's Merchant o/V^mce,

Making a Ihort abode in Sicily the fecond time,
landing in Italy, and making the war, may be rea*
fonably judged the bufinefs but often months.

Dryden's Dedicat. to jSneiJ.

The woodcocks early vifit, and abode
Of long continuance in our temp'rate dime,
Foretcl a liberal harveft. PhilUpt.

3. To make abode. To dwell, torefide, to
inhabit. .

Deep in a cave the Sibyl makes abode ;
Thence full of fate retum? , and of the God.

Dryd. jEn. 6.

7e Abo'de. i». a. [See Bode.] To fore-
token or fbrefhow ; to be a prognoflic,
to be ominous. It is taken, with its de-
rivatives, in the fenfe either of good or
ill.

Every man,
After the hideous ftorm that follow'd, was
A thing infpir'd ; and, not confulcing, broke
Into a general prophecy, that this tempcft,
Da/hing the garment of this peace, abodcd
The fudden breach of it. Sbakrff. Henry VIII.
Abo'dement. n.f. [frova To abode.] A
fecret anticipation of fomething future ;
an impreflion upon the mind of fome
'event to come; prognoftication ; omen.

I like not this.
For many men that ftumbic at the thre/hold,
Are well furttoid that danger lurJcs within.—
— Tuih 1 man, abodimcnti muft not now affright us.
Shakcjfcarc's Henry VI. f, ili.
My lord bilhop alked him, Whether he had never
any lecret abodcincnt iir his mind ? No, replied the
duke; but I think fome adventure may kill me as
well as another man, ff^ot/on*

To AB'OLISH. -j. a. [aboleo, Latin.]

1. To annul ; to make void. Applied to
laws or inllitutions.

For us to aboltjh what he hath cftablilhed, were
prcfumption molt intolerable. Hcoktr, b. iii. ^ 10.

On the paiilamcnt's part it was propoled, that
all the biihops, deans, and chapters, might be im-
mediately taken away, and abolijhcd.

Clarendon, b, viii.

2, To put an end to, to deftroy.

The long continued wars between the Engli/h
and the Scots, had then raifed invincible jea-
loufies and hate, which long continued peace hath
fince abitijhfd. Sir Jchn Hayward.

Tiiat Jhall Perocles well requite, I wot,
And, with thy blood, aboltfi fo reproachful blot.

Fairy S^uecn,
More deftroy'd than they.
We ihould be quite abolyb'd, and expire,

Milton.
« Or

ABO

Or wilt thou tJijfsIf
Abtl'i/h thy CT«3tion, and unrrake
For him, what for thy glory thou haft made ?

Miltin, t- iii. A 163.
Nor cotild Vuicjnian flame
The ftench abuhjh, or the favour tame.

Dryd. yirg, Geo, iii.
Fermented Tpirits contraft, harden, and con-
folidate many 6bres together, abolUhing many ca-
nals ; efpecinlly where the fibres are the tendereft,
as in the brain. Arhutb, en Altttunti.

Abo'i. !SH ABLE. a;^'. \^xova abolijh .'\ That

which may be abolifhed.
Abo'lisher. «,/. [from ahelijh.l He that

aboliflies.
Abo'lishment. n./. [from aiolijh.'] The
aft of aboliftiing.

The plain and dircfl way had been to prove,
that all fuch ceremonies, as they require to be
aboli/hcd, are retained by us with the hurt of the
church, or with lefs benefit than the abalipmcr.!
of them would bring. Jiccirr, b. iv.

He Ihould think the thchjhmert of cpifcopacy
among us, would prove a mighty Icandat and cor-
ruption to our faith, and manifeftly dangerous to
our monarchy. SiL'ifri Cburcb of Enfrland Man.
Aboli'tion. n.f. [from a^c/r/A.] The aft
of aboliftiing. '1 his is now more fre-
quently ufed than aboUjhment.

From the total abdiihn of the popular power,
may be dated the ruin of Rome : for hi;u the re-
ducing hereof to its ancient condition, propofeil
by Agrippa, been accepted inllead of Matcenas's
model, that ftate might have continued unto this
day. Crt%o*i Cofmclogia Sacra, b, iii. r. 4.

An apoplexy is a fudden abelitUn of all tht-
fenfes, and of all voluntary motion, by the ftop-
page of the flux and reflux ot the animal fpirits
through the nerves dellined for thofe motions.

Arbuttnu on Our.

Abo'minable. aJj. [alominabilij, Lac]

1. Hateful, deteilable ; to be loathed.

This infernal pit
yiiom'waile, accurs'd, the haufe of woe.

Aiilun .
The queen and miniftry might eafily redref
this abominab/e grievance, by endeavouring t»
choofc men of virtuous principles.

Sivifi^s Przjffifor the Advancement of Relighn.

2. Unclean.

The foul that Ihall touch any unclean beaft, or
any abominable unclean thing, even that foul Ihall be
cut off from his people. Leviticus, vii. 21.

3. In low and ludicrous language, it is
a word of loofe and indeterminate cen-
fure.

They fay yon Me a melancholy fcllow.^I am
fo ; I do love it better than laughing. — Thofe
th-t are in extremity of cither, arc abominab/e
fellr'jvs, and betray themfelves to every modern
cenfurr, worfe than drunkards.

Stakeffeare'i As you fUeir.
Abo'minableness. n. / [from abomin-
able.] The quality of being abomin-
able ; hatefulncfs, odioufnefs.

Till we have proved, in its proper place, the
eternal and cffcnlial difference between virtue And
»i<e, we muft forbear to urge athcifts with the
corruption and abominablinefs of their principles.

Bentley's Sermors.

A B o'm I !« A B I, Y . adv. [from abominable.]
A word of low or familiar language,
fignifying exccflively, extremely, ex-
ceedingly ; in an ill fcnfe. It is not
often fenoufly ufed.

I have obicrved great abufea and diforders in
your family ; your ferv.int3 are mutinrru* and
i]uarielfome, and cheat you mod abonisahly.

Arluiinot.

To ABO'MINATE. -v. a. [alminor, Lat.]
To abhor, decdt, hate utterl/

ABO

Pride goes, bated, curfcd, and ahmtnated t>y

all, Hammond*

We arc not guilty of your injuries,
No way confent to them ; but do ai>Iior>
Abominatef and loath thJs cruelty.

Southern*! Oroonok^*

He profened both to ahommate and defpife all

myftery, refinement, and intrigue, either in a

prince or minifter. S^vift.

A BO MI N a'tION. «.y*.

1. Hatred, detertation.

To affift king Charles by Engllfli or Dutch

forces, would rendi^r him odious to his new fub-
jefls, who have nothing in fo great abomination,
as theft: whom they hold for heretic?. Sivift^

2. The objed of hatred.

Every ilicphcrd is an abomination to the Egyp-
tians. Gentjis, xlvi. 34.

3. Pollution, defilement.

And there fhall in no wife enter Into it any
thing that defileth, neither whatfocver worketh
ahminaticny or maketh a lie. Rt'v, xxi. 27.

4. Wickednefs ; hatefol or fhameful vice.

Th' adulterous Antony, n»eft large
In his abcminationtf turns you oft.
And gives his potent regiment Co a trull.
That nofcs it agaioil: us.

Sbakefp, Antan^ and Cleopatra,

5. The caufe of pollution.

And the high places ihat were before Jerufa-
Icm, which, wcce on the right hand of the mount
of corruption, which Solomon the king of Ifrael
had builded for Aihtorcth the abominatkn of the
Zldonians, and for Chemo/h the ab'.minaticn of
the Moabites, and iot Milcom the abomination ot
the children cf Ammon, did the king defile.

2 fCirgSj xxiii, 13.

JBORIGINES. n.f. [Lat.] The earlieft
inhabitants of a country ; thofe of whom
no original is to be traced; as, the Welfli
in Britain.

To ABO'RT. -v. n. [abcrto, Lat.] To bring
fxth before the time ; to mi(carry. /)/<?.

Abo'rtion. n.f. [uborlio, Lat.]

1. The aft of bringing forth untimely.

Thefe then need caufe na aborticn. Sandyi.

2. The produce of an untimely birth.

His wife mifcarricd ; but, as the abortion proved
only a female foetus, he comforted himlclf.

Arbutknot and Pt.pe't Martinus Scribkrui.
Behold my arm thus blaftcd, dry and withcr'd,
Shnjnlc like a foul alortif^n, and decay'd,
Lilce fome untimely produ£l of the feafons.

R(nve.

Abo'rtive. n.f. That which is born be-
fore the due time. Perhaps anciently
any thing irregularly produced.

No common wind, no cultomcd event.
But they wi lipluck away its nat'ral caufes.
And call them meteors, prodigies, and figns,
Abortives, and prcfages, tongues ot heav'n.
Plainly denouncing vengeance upon John.

Shakejp. King yobn.

Take the fine (kin of an abortive, and, with

Aarch thin laid on, prepare your ground or tablet.

Peacbam on Dratvirtg.

Many are preferved, and do lignal fervicc to
their cnintry, who, without a provifion, might
have perilled as abcrtit-es, or have come to an
untimely end, and perhaps have brought upon
their guilty parents the like dcftruftion.

AJdifon. Guardian, N" 106.

Abo'rtiyI!. ac/J, [abortiviis, Lat.]
I . That which u brought forth before the
due time of birth.

If ever he have child, abtrtive be it.
Prodigious, and untimely brought to light.

Sbakefp. Richard n\.
All th' unaccomplifli'd works of nature's hand.
Abortive, monftrous, or unkindly mix'd,
Diflo.v'd on earth, fleet liithcr.

Mi Umi ' > Paradif; LcJI, bXa, 56.

A B a

Nor will his fruit expeft
Th' autumnal fjafon, but, in fummer's pride
When other orchards fmile, abortive fail.

Phillifs.

2. Figuratively, that which fails for want
of time.

How often haft thou waited at my cup.
Remember it, and let it make thee creft-fall'n y
Ay, and allay this thy abortive pride.

Sbakefp. Henry VI. f. iu

3. That which brings forth nothing.

The void profound
Of nneffential night receives him next.
Wide-gaping ; and with utter lofs of being
Threatens him, plurgM in that abcrtive gulfl

Milton's Pnradifc Loji, b. ii. /. 4jr»

4. That which fails or mifcarries, from
whatever caufe. This is lefs proper.

Many politic conceptions, fo elaborately formed
and wrought, and grown at length ripe for delivery,
do yet, in the iffue, mifcarry and prove abortive.

South^s Sermins*

Abo'ktively. ach). [from aborti-T.'e.'] Born
without the due time; immaturely, un-
timely.

Abo'rtiveness. ft. y. [from abortive.^
The ftate of abortion.

Abo'r.tment. «. /. [from abort.] The
thing brought forth out of time ; an un-
timely birth.

Concealed treafures, now loft to mankind, (hall
be brought into ufe by the induftry of converted
penitents, whole wretched carcafes the impartial
laws dedicate, as untimely tcafts, to the worms
of the earth, in whofe womb thofe dcfcrted mi-
neral riches muft ever lie buried as loft aborttnen's^
unlefs thofe be made the adlive midwives to de-
liver them. Bacon^s Pbyjical Remains*,

ABO'VE. fref. [from a, and bupan,
Saxon ; bo'ven, Dutch.]

1. To a higher place; in a higher place.

So when with crackling flames a cauUlron fries^
The bubbling waters from the bottom rife ;
Above the brims they force their fiery way ;
Black vapours climb aloft, and cloud the day,

Dryden, ^mid vii. /. 643*

2. More in quantity or number.

E\cry one that palTeth among then), that are-
numbered from twenty years old and above, IhaU
give an ofF.ring unto the J^ord;

Exodus, XXX. 14.

3. In a fuperiour degree, or to a liiperiour
degree of rank, power, or ex'Ccllence.

The Lord is high above all nations, and hi»
glory above the heavens. PJalm. cxiii. 4.

The public power of all focicties is above every
foul contained in the fame focicties.

Hooker, b. i.
There is no riches above a found body, and no
joy above the joy of the heart.

EccleJ:aJ!icus,xxx,-^(i.
To her
Thn^ didft refign thy manhood, and the place
Wherein God fet thee above her, made of thee.
And for thee : whofe perfc^ion far exceU'd
Hers, In all real dignity. '

Milton's Paraiiife Loji. b. X. /. 147^
Latona fees her ihiae above the reft.
And feeds with fecret joy her filent breaft.

Drydeirs j-EntiJ,

4. In a (late of being faperior to ; unai-
• tainable by.

It is an old and true dift'nfiion, that things
may be above our reifon, without being contrary
to it. Of this kind are the power, the nature,
and the univerfal prefence of God, with innu-
merable other points. Swift*

5. Beyond; morfe than.

We were prcfl'ed out of meafure, above ftrength }
iofomuch that we defpaired even of life.

2 Cor. \. 8.
Jo baling thoughts voconfufed, and bciiig ab'^

ABO

to JiftmEulfti one thing from another, where there
is bat the le»ft diflcrencc, confifts the exaflnefs of
judgment »nd cleirnefs of reafon, which is in one
man ebtn'C another. L^ckt.

The inhabitants of Tirol liave miny privileges
eh(n/e tliol'e of the other hereditary countries of
thf emperor. MJifir.

6. Too proud for ; too high for. A phrafe
chiefly ufed in familiar expreffion.

Kings and princes, in the earlier ages of the

world, laboured in arts and occupations,, and were

thvc notliing that tended to promote the con-

\enienccs of life. I'tft'i Oiiyjly; r.Ms.

Abo've. adv.

I. Over-head ; in a higher place.

To men (landing below, men Handing aloft
feem much lelTcned ; to thofc ahcvc, men Handing
below, feem not fo much k-fl'encd. Bacon,

When he cftabllflied the clouds above; when
he Ihcngtlitncd the fountains of the deep ; when
he gave to the fca bis decree, that the waters fliould
not pafs his ccmmandment; when he appointed
tlie foundations of the earth ; then 1 was by him,
us, one brought up with him ; and I was daily his
delight, rejoicing always befire him.

Pnyterbs, viii, 48.

Every good gift, and every fti(a& ^ift, is from
atovty and comcth down from the Father of
lights, witli whom is no variablencfs, neither
fliadow of turning. yarr.es, i. ij.

The TrojansyVoBi ai^t their foes beheld ;
And with arm'd legions all the rampircs fiil'd.

Dryden, yEmid.
a. In the regions of heaven.

Your prailc the birds (hall chant in every grove,
And winds /hall waft it to the pow'rs above.

Pope's Pajiorah.

3, Before. [See Above-cited.]

I faid ahove, that thefe two machines of the ba-
lance, and the dira, were only ornamental, and
that the -fuccefs of the duel had been the fame
without them. Diyd. Vedicat. ^ne'id.

Above all. In the firft place ; chiefly.

I ftudied Virgil's defign, his difpofition of it,
his manners, his judicious management of the
ii jures, the fober retrenchments of his fenfe, which
always leaves fomethlng to gratify our imagina-
tion, on which it may enlarge at pleafure ; but
above ati, the elegSnce of bis expreffion, and th?
harmony of his numbers.

Dryden' s Dedieat'ion to the JEmid.

Above-board.

I. In open fight ; without artifice or trick,
A figurative expreffion, borrowed from
gamefters, who, when they put their
hands under the table, are changing
their cards. It is ufed only in familiar
language.

It is the part alfo of an honed man to deal
above-board, and without tricks. L'EJIratige.

a. Without difguife or concealment.

Though there have not been wanting fuch
heretofore, as have praftifed thefe unworthy arts,
for as much as there have been villains in all
placet and all ages, yet now-a-days they are
owned above-board. Soutb's Sermons.

Above-cited. Cited before. A figu-
rative expreffion, tak?n from the ancient
manner of writing books on fcrolls ;
where whatever is' cited or mentioned
before in the fame page, mull be abeme.

It appears from the authority abcve-cited, that
this is afaQ confcfled by heathens thomfclves.

yiddifon on the Cbtijiian Religion,

Above-crovnd. An expreffion ufed to

fignify alive ; not in the grave.
ABOVE-MENTiONED.See Above-cited.

1 do not remember, that Homer any whi-re falls
into the faults above-meniioned, which were indeed
tbe falTc refincmcats of latter ages.

.^ddijon, Sfel}aiir,'ti<' z-jij.

ABO

To ABO'UND. Vi n. [abundo, Ltt. abonJer,
French.]

1. To have in great plenty; to be co-
pioufly ftored. It is ufed fometimes
with the particle in, and fometimes the
particle luiih.

The king-becoming graces,
I have no relilb of them, but abound
In the divifion of each fevetal crime,
Afting it many ways. Shakejpeare's Macbeth,

Com, wine, and oil, are wanting to this ground.
In which our countiies fruitfully abound.

Drydcn's Indian Emperor.

A faithful man fliall abound tvilb bleffings :
but he that maketh hafte tu be rich, fliall not be
innocent. Prov. xxviii. 20.

Now that languages are made, and abound with
words (landing for combinations, an ulual way of
getting complex ideas, is by the explication of
thofe terms that (land for them. Locke.

2. To be in great plenty.

And becaule iniquity (hall abound, the love of
many (hall wax cold. Matthew, xxiv. 12.

Words are like* leaves, and where they moft
abound.
Much fruit of fenfe beneath is rarely found.

Pope's EJJay on Criticiftn.

ABO'UT. frep. [abutan, or aburon. Sax.

which feems to fignify encircling on the

outfide.]
I. Round, furrounding, encircling.

Let not mercy and truth forlake thee. Bind
them about thy neckj write them upon the table
of thy heart. Proverbs, iii. 3.

She cries, and tears her cheeks,
Her hair, her veft j and, (looping to the fands,
Mout his neck (he cad her trembling hands.

Dry den's Fables.

z. Near to.

Speak unto the congregation, faying, get you
up from about the tabernacle of Korah, Dathan,
and Abiram. Exodus.

Thou doft nothing, Sergius,
Thou cand endeavour nothing, nay, not thin?:, j
But I both fee and hear it; and am with thee.
By and before, about and in thee too.

Ben yonf. Cataline.

. Concerning, with regard to, relat-
ing to.

When Conrtantine had (inifhed an houfe for
the fervice of God at Jcrufalem, the dedication
he judged a matter not unworthy, about the fo-
Icmn performance whereof, the greatcft part ol
the bifliopsin Chriftendom (hould meet together.

Hooker.
The painter is not to take fo much pains about
the drapery as about the face where the principal
refemblance lies. Drydrn.

They arc moft frequently ufed as words equi-
valent, and do both of tliem indifferently fignify
either a fpeculative knowledge of things, or a
praftlcal (kill about them, according to the exi-
gency of the matter or thing fpoken of.

^ill.t. Sermon i.
Theft is always a fin, although the particular
fpecies of it, and the denomination of particular
a^s, doth fuppofe pofitivelawstf^cur dominion and
property. SiilUn^Jlcct.

Children (hould always be heard, and fairlj and
kindly anfwcred, when they afk after any thing they
would know, and defire to be informed abcut.
Curiofity (hould be as carefully cheridied in chil-
dren, as other appetites fupprefled* Locke.
It hath been pra^ifed as a method of making
men's court, when they are a(ked abiut the ratr
of lands, the abilities of tenants, the (late of
trade, to anfwer that all things are in a flourifh-
ing condition. Sivift's Short yie^u of Inland.

^. In a ftate of being engaged in, or em-
ployed upon.

Our blelfed Lord was pleafed to command the
rcprefentation of his death and facrilice on the
crofi (hould be made by bieaking of bread and

ABO

elTufion of wine ; to fignify to ui the nature anl
facrednefs of the liturgy we an about. Taykr.

Labour, for labour's fake, is againll nature.
The underftanding, as well as all the other fa-
culties, choofcs always the /horted way to iu
end, would prefently obtain the knowledge ir is
about, and then fet upon fome new enquiry. But
this, whether laainefs or hafte, often mKleada
«• Locie.

Our armies ought to be provided with fecre-
Urics, to tell their ftory in plain tngliih, and to
let us know, in our mother tongue, what it is
our brave countrymen are about.

Mdifin. Spelt. N" 309.

5. Appendant to the perfon ; as deaths.

If you have this about jou.
As I will give you when we go, you may
Boldly affault the necromancer's hall.

Milton's Comus,

It is not ftrange to me, that perfons of the

fairer fex (hould like, in all things about them,

that handfomenefs for which they find themfelves

moft liked. Boyle on Colours.

6. Relating to the perfon, as a fervant, or

dependant.

Liking very well the young gentleman, fuch I
took him to be, admitted this Deiphantus about
roe, who well (hewed, there is no fervice like hi*
that ferves becaufe he loves. Sidney, b. ii.

7. Relating to perfon, as an aft or office.

Good coiporal, for my old dame's fake, ftand
my friend : (he hath no body to do any thing
about her when I am gone, and die is old and can-
not^ help herl'clf. Sbakcjpeare's Henry IV.
Abo'ut. ati'v.

I. Circularly, in a round ; eircum.
The weyward fiders, hand in hand,
Pofters of the fea and land.
Thus do go about, about.
Thrice to thine, and thrice to mine.
And thrice again to make up nine.

Sbakefp, Macleti.

:. In circuit, in compafs.

I'll tell you what I am about. — Two yards and
more.— No quips now, Piftol : indeed I am in
the waid two yards about} but I am about no
wade, I am about thrift. Shake/pearl.

A tun about was ev'ry pillar there,
A polifh'd mirrour (hone not half fo clear.

Diyd. Fables.
j. Nearly; circiler.

When the boats were come within about fixty
yards of the pillar, they found themfelves all
bound, and could go no farther; yet fo as they
might move to go about, but might not approach
nearer. Bacon's New yitalantis.

J.. Here and there ; every way ; circa.
Up role the gentle virgin from her place,
And looked all about, if (he might fpy
Her lovely knight.

Fairy Sluecn, b. i. cant. 'u. Jlanx, 33.

A wolf that was pad labour, in his old age,

borrows a habit, and (b about he goes, begging

charity from door to door, under the difguife of a

pi'gfim. L'E/lrange,

5. With to before a verb ; as, about to fly,
upon the point, within a fmall dirtance
of.

Thefe dying lovers, and their floating fons,
Sufpend the fight, and filence all our guns :
Beauty and youth, abjut to pcrilh, finds
Such ncble pity in brave Englilh minds. Waller,

6. Round ; the longeft way, in oppofition
to the Ihort llraight way.

Gold had thefe natures; gieatnefs of weight;
dofenefs of parts ; fixation; pliantncfs, or I'oft-
ncfs ; immunity from raft ; colour, or tindlure
of yellow: Therefore the fure way (though mod
about) to make golcl,>s to know the caulcs of the
fevcral natures before rehearftd.

Baccn'i Natural Hift. N" yii.
Spies ot the Volfcians
Held me ia chacc, that i was forced to wheel

Three

A B R

Three or faar miles aiout ; elk h«J I, Sir,
Hall an hour fince brought my report.

_ Sbakrfp, Corklanu$,

7. To bring about ; to bring to the point
or ftate defired ; as, he has brought about
his furpofes,

Wiiether this will be brought aioof, by breaking
his Iiead, I very much queition. Spfdanr.

8. To come about ; to ccjie to fbme certain
iiate or point. It has commonly the
idea of revolution, or gyration.

Wherefore it cime to pals, when the time was
come ahcu!, alter Hannah had conceived, that (he
*>"« ' fo"- I Snm. i. 20.

One evening it befel, that looking out,
The wind they long had wirtid was come aio/,/ ;
Well pleas'd they went to reft ; and if the gale
Till morn continu'd, both refolv'd to fall.

Dryd.Falila.

9. To go about ; to prepare to do it.

Did not Mofes give you the law, and yet none
o( you keepeth the law ? Why go ye about to kill

^^ • y^b"t vii. 19,

In common language, they fay, to

come about a man, to circum-vent him.
Some of thefe phrafes feem to derive

their original from the French a bout ;

'veitir a bout d'une cho/e ; njcnir a bout de

quelqu'un.
A. Bp. for Archbifhop ; which fee.
^BRACADA'BRJ. A fuperftitious charm

againft agues.
To ABRA'DE. v. a. [abrado, Lat.] To

rub off ; to wear away from the other

parts ; to wafte by degrees.

By thi« itieanj there may be a continued fap-
ply of what IS lucccflively ahradid from them by
dccurfinn of wale t. Hale.

Abraham's Balm. The name of an

herb.
Abra'siom. (I./ [See Abrade.]

1. The adl of abrading, or rubbiog off.

2. [In medicine.] The wearing away of
the natural mucus, which covers the
membranes, particularly thofe of the
ftomach and guts, by corrofive or Iharp
medicines, or humours. ^'>uincy.

3. The matter worn off by the attrition of
bodies.

ABRE'AST.a^/t;. [See Breast.] Side by
fide ; in fuch a pofition that the breads
may bear againft the fame line.

My coufin Suffolk,
My foul (hall thine keep company to hcav'n !
Tarry, fweet foul, for mine, then fly abrraft.

_ . Xhakrff. H,nry V.

For hon.iur travels in a Sreight fo narrow.
Where one but goes abicajl,

_, . Stakcff.TnUuiandCreJpJa.

The riders rode abrtaft, and one his (hielH,
His lance of cornel wood another held.

4. _ Drydtn't Fttla.

ABRicoT. See Apricot.

To nRI'DGE. -v. a. [abreger, Fr. abbre-

•vio, Lat.]
I. To make Ihorter in words, keepine

ftill the fame fubftance.

All thefe fayings, being declared by Jafm of
Cyrene in 6ye books, we will effay to abridit in
one volume. i Af^rr.ii. 23.

3. To contraa, to diminifti, to cut (hort.

. 7,^' determination of the will, upon enouiry,
IS following the direftion of that guide : and he,
that ha. a power to aO or not to aft, according
as fuch determination direfls, i. free. Such de-
termination abridga not that power wherein li-
berty confifts. Loikc

3. To deprive of ; to W off from. In"
Vol. I.

A B R

which fenfe it is followed by the particle
from, or of, preceding the thing uken
away.

I have difaWed mine eftate.
By (hewing fomcthing a more fwelling poit.
Than my faint means would grant continuance ;
Nor do I now make moan to be abridgd
From fuch a noble rate.

Shaktjpcare'i Merchant of Venice.
They were formerly, by the common law, dif-
charged from pontage and murage j but this pri-
vilege has been abridrid them fince by fe>eral
ftatutes. Ayhfe~! PaiergcK Jurn CwrMci

AhKi DGED OF. fa-t. Deprived of, de-
barred from, cut fliort,
Abri'dger. n.f.

1. He that abridges ; a Ihortener.

2. A writer of compendiums or abridg-
ments,

A B R i'd G M E N T. »./. [abregcfnent, French.]

1. The epitome of a larger work con-
tradled into a fmall compafs ; a com-
pend ; a fummary.

Surely this commandment containeth the law
and the prophets; and, in thi; one word, is the
abridgment of alt volumes of Icripture.

Hookcry b. ii. ^ 5.
Idolatry is certainly the firft-born of folly, the
great and leading paradox ; nay, the very abridg-
ment and fum total of all abfu.ditics.

. Soutb*s Sermon:,

2. A diminution in general.

All trying, by a love of littlcncfs,
To make abrid^menti, and to draw to lefs.
Even that nothing, which at firft wc were.
_^ . Dcnne.

3. Contraction ; redudion.

The conftant delire of happincfs, and the con-
ftraint it puts upon Us, no body, I think, ac-
counts an abridgment of liberty, or at lead an
abridgment of liberty to be complained of. Locke.

4. Rertraint from any thing pleafing ;
contraftion of any thing enjoyed.

It is not barely a man's abridgment in his ex-
ternal accommodations which makes him mife-
rable, but when his confcieoce (hall tell him that
It was his fin and his folly which brought him
under that abridgment. South.

Abro'ach. ad'i/. [See 7"o Broach.]

1. In a pofture to run out, or yieltl the
liquor contained; properly fpoken of
vefibls.

The jars of genVous wine
He fet abroach, and for the fcaft prepar'd.

Dryd. Virgil.
TheTempler fpnice, while ev'ry (foui'tabroach.
Stays till 'tis fair, jet feems to call a coach.

S-wifi't Mifcel.

2. In a figurative fenfe ; in a ftate to be
diffufed or extended, in a ftate of fuch
beginning as promifes a progrefs.

That man, that fits within a monarch's heart.
And ripens in the funlhinc of his favour.
Would he abufr the count'nance of the king.
Alack ! what mifchiefs might be let abroach.
In (hadow of fuch greatncfs !

, Shakefprari't Henry IV.p.W.

Abroad, adv. [compounded of a and
broad. See Broad.]

1. Without confinement; widely; at large.

Intermit no watch
Againft a wakeful foe, while I abroad.
Thro' all the coafts of dark dcrtruclion feek
Ucliverancp. Mihon'i Paradife Loft, b. ii. /. 463.

Again, the lonely fox roams (it abroad.
On Itcret rapine bent, and midnight fraud;
Now haunts the cli(r, now traver(es the lawn.
And flies the hated neighbourhood of man. Prior.

2. Out of the houfe.

Welcome, Sir,
This cfU'« my coyrt ; here h»v« I few attendants.

A B R

And fubjefts t\one abroad. Shaicfpeare'iTcmpeJl,
Lady — walked a whole hour abroad, with-
out dying after it, Pope's Letters.

3. In another country.

They thought it better to be fomewhat hardly
yoked at home, than for ever abroad, and difcre-
dited. Hooker, Prrf.

Whofoever olTers at verbal tranflatioii, (hall
have the misfortune nf that young traveller, who
loft his own language abroad, md brought home
no other inftead of it. Sir J. Denham-

What learn our youth abroad, but to refine
The homely vices of tlieir native land ?

Dryd. Span. Friar,

He who fojoums in a foreign country, relera
what he krs and hears abroad, to tlie ftate of
things at home. _ Atfrrb. Serm.

4. In all dire<5lio!is, this way and that ;
with wide expanfion.

Full in the midft of this infernal road.
An elm difplays her dulky arms abroad,

Dryd, Virg, Mh, Tl.

5. Without, not within.

Bodies politic, being fubjcdl, as much as na-
tural, to dili'olurion, by divers means, there are
undoubtedly more ftatcs overthrown through dif-
oaiei bred within themlelves, than through vio-
lence from abroad. Hooker, Dedication.

To A'BROGATE.i-.a. [abrogo, La.t.] Ta
take away from a law its force ; to re-
peaL; to annul.

Laws have been made upon fpecial occafions,
which occailons cealing, laws of that kind do ab~
rotate themlelves. Hooker, b. iv. (j 14.

The negative precepts of men may ccafe by
rnany inftrumcnts, by contrary cuftoms, by pub-
lic difrelilh, by long omiflion : but the negative
precepts of CoJ never can ceafe, but when they
are exprefsly abrogated by the fame authority.

Taylor's Rule of living holy,
Abro'gation. n.f. [abrogatio, Lat.]
The ad of abrogating ; the repeal of S
law.

The commi/Tionen from the confederate Ro.
man catholics, demanded the ahregatioinnA repeal
or all thofe laws, which were in force againft the
exercife of the Roman religion. Clarendon, b. viii.
Ta Abro'ok. <v. a. [from To brook, with
^ fuperabundant, a word not in ufe.]
To brook, to bear, to endure.

Sweet Nell, ill can thy noble minJ abrott
The abjcd people gazing on thy face
With envious looks, ftill laughing at thy (hnme.
Shake/peare's Henry VI. p. ii.

ABRU'PT. adj. [abruftus, Lat. broke*
off.]

1. Broken, craggy.

Refiftlcls, roaring, dreadful, down it come*
From the rude mountain, and the mo4ry wild.
Tumbling through rocks abrupt. ThomJ. fVintfr,

2. Divided, without any thing intervening.

Or fprcad his airy flight.
Upborn wi^h indefatigable wings.
Over the vaft abrupt, ere he arrive
Tlic happy ide.

Milton's Paradife Loft, A ii. /. 409s

3. Sudden, without the cuftomary or pro-
per preparatives.

My lady craves
To know the caufe of your aira^r departure.

Shakefpeart.

The abrupt and unkind breaking off the two

(irft parliaments, was wholly imputed to the duke

of Buckingham. Clarendon,

Abrupt, with eagle-fpeed (he cut th« flcy j
Inftant invifible to mortal eye.
Then (irft he recognii'd th' ethereal gueft.

Pope's Odyff. b, !,

4. Unconnefted.

The abrupt ftile, which hath many breache%
and doth not fccm to end but fall.

Btn Jonjon't Difcoverj.
C AfiRv'pTeU.

A B S

Abhu'pteo. aJj. [ahruptui, Lat. a word
little in ufe.] Broken off fuddenly.

The tffcCti of their afl. . ity »r« not prccipi-
toudy atmftal, but grjdunlly proceed to their
ccfTitions. Bntvii'i Vulgar F.rnurt, h. vi. lo.

Abru'ption. »./[a^-«,v/(>,Lat.] Break-
ing ofF, violent and fudden reparation.

Thofe which are inclofcd in rtone, marble, or
fuch other fdid matter, being difficultly feparable
from it, becaufe of its adhefion to all fides of
them, ba»e commonly fome of that matter ftill
adhering to them, or at leaft marks of its «i-
npiiiti from them, in all their fides.

H'rtil'aHird'i Nal. Uift. p. 4-

ABRu'pTLY.a/f. [See Abrupt.] Haf-
tily, without the due forms of prepara-
tion.

The fvreetnefs of virtue's difpofition, jealous
nen over itfclf, fuffered her not to enter ahrufily
into queftions of Mufidorus. Sidney, h.W.

Novn miffing from their joy fo lately found,
So lately found, and fo abruptly gone.

Par. Regained, h, il.
They both of them punftually obfervcd the
time thus agreed upon, and that in whatever com-
pany or bufinefs they were engaged, they left it
atruplh, as foon as the clock warned them to
retire. yiddijoit, Sfeflalor, tt" z^i.

Abru'ptness. »./ [from airuft.]
I. An abrupt manner, halle, fuddennefs,

ujitimely vehemence.
3. The ftate of an abrupt or broken thing ;
roughncfs, cragginefs ; as of a fragment
violently disjoined.

The cryftalliied bodies found in the perpendi-
cular intervals, have always their root, as the jew-
ellers call it, whicl\ is only tlie airufrne/s, at ihc
end of the body whereby it adhered to the ftonc,
or fides of the intervals; which ahruftne/i is
cauled by its being broke off from the faid ftone.
lymdiv. Nat, Hiji.f. 4.

A'bscess. »./. [ahfceffui, Lat.] A mor-
bid cavity in the body ; a tumour filled
with matter ; a term of chirurgery.

If the patient is not relieved, nor dies in eight
days, the inflammation ends in a fimpuration and
an abjeeft in the lungs, and fometimes in fome
other part of the body. Arbuth. of Diet.

Lindanus conjcfturcd it might He fome hidden
ebftefi in the mefenlery, which, breaking fome
few days after, was difcovered to be an apoftem of
the mcfentery. Harvey w Confumptiom.

To Absci'nd. oi. a. To cut off, either
in a natural or figurative fenfe.

ABSCrSSA. [Lat.] Part of the diame-
ter of a conic fedion, intercepted be-
tween the vertex and a femi -ordinate.

Absci'ssion. n.f. \_abfc}JJio, Lat.]

I . The aft of cutting off.

Fabricius ab Aquipendente renders the abfcif-
Jim of them difficult enough, and not without
danger. Hfifeman's Surgery.

X. The (late of being cut off.

By cefTation of oracle;, with Montacutius, wc
may u.idcrfland this inteicilian, not ahfcij^m, or
confummate defolaiion.

Brown's y^Igar Errours, h. vi. e. it.

To ABSCCyND. -v.n. [ah/condo, Lat.] To
hide one's felf ; to retire from the pub-
lic view : generally nfed of perfons in
debt, or criminals iluding the law.

The macrootte or mas alpinut, w'.iich ahfcindt all
winter, liv-:" on its own Ut ; for ia autumn, when
it fhbU itfelf up in iu hole, it is very fa:; hit
in the fprlog-time, when it cumes forth again, very
lean. Ray on the Creation.

Absco'nder. n./. [£.-osa at/conJ.] The

perfon that abfconds.
A'ssENCk. «./ [Sec Absent.]
I

A B S

1. The Rate of being abfettt, oppofed to
prefence.

Sir, 'tis fit
You hxve ftrong party to detend yourfelf
By calmuefs, or by abfence: all's in danger.

Sbakcjpeare^ i Coriolanut*
His friends beheld, and pity'd him in vain.
For what advice can eafe a lover's pain ?
Ahjtnte, the belt enpedient they c^iuld find.
Might bve the fortune, if not cure the mind.

Dryd.Fab.

You have given no dilTertation upon the ab-

feme of lovers, nor laid down any methods how

they diould fupport theinfelves under thofe fcpa-

rations. j-lMiifon, Spe^atcr, t^° ztyi.

2. Want of appearance, in the legal fenfe.

MJence is of a fourfold kinji or fpccies. The
firft is a neccflTary abfence, as in baniihed pcifons ;
this is entirely neceffary. A fccond, neceflary
and voluntary ; as, upon the account of the com-
monwealth, or in the fervice of the church.
The third kind the civilians call a probable ab-
fence; as, that of Undents on the fcore of ftudy.
And the fourth, an ai/<rnf« entirely voluntary ; as,
on the account of trade, merchandife, and the
like. Some add a fifth kind of abfence, which is
committed cum dolo fif culpa, by a man's non-
appearance on a citation ; as, in a contumacious
perfon, who, in hatred to his contumacy, is, by
the law, in fome refpe^s, reputed as a perfon pre-
fcnt. Ayl'tffc's Parergon Juris Canonici.

3. Inattention, heedleffnefs, negleft of the
prefent objeft.

I continued my walk, rcfleSing on the I'ttle
abfences and diftradlions of mankind.

Addifon, SpeSiator, N° 77.

4. It is ufed with the particle/rom.

His abjence from his mjther oft he'll mourn.
And, with his eyes, look wifhes to return.

Dryd. Juv. Sat. ii.

A'BSENT. fl^-. [a/5>/, Lat.]

1. Not prefent: ufed with the particle
y)-om.

In fpring the fields, in autumn hills I love ;
At morn the plains, at noon the fhady grove ;
But Delia always : abfentfrom her fight.
Nor plains at morn, nor groves at noon delight.

Popc'tPafl.

Where there is advantage to be given.
Both more and lefs have given him the revolt ;
And none fervc with him but conftraincJ things,
Whofe hearts are abjent too. Stake/p. Macbeth.

Whether they were abfcnt or prefent, they were
vexed alike. If^fJ. xi. 11.

2. Abfent in mind, inattentive ; regard-
lefs of the prefent objeft.

I diftinguifh a min that is abfcnt, becaufe he
thinks of fomething clfe, from him that is aijeni,
becaufe he thinks of nothing.

Mdifon, SpeHator, N° 77.

To Abse'nt. v. a. To withdraw, to for-
bear to come into prefence.

If thoa didft ever hold me in thy heart,
Mjtnt thee from felicity a while.
And in this harfli world draw thy breath in pain.
To tell my tale. Shakejpenre i Hamlet,

Co.— for thy ftay, not free, abfenis thee more.

Ml/ton I Paradife Loft, b.\x. I. 372.
Tho' I am forc'd thus to a!>frnt myfelf
From all I love, I Qiall contrive fome means.
Some friendly intervals, to vifit thee.

Southern's Spartan Dame,

The ^engo it ftlll called together in cafes of

important; and if, after due fummons, any

member ahfenis himfelf, he is to be fined to the

' value of about a penny Engtith.

Addifon's Remarks on Italy,

Absent a'neous. aJj, Relating to ab-
fence ; abfent. Did.

Ausente'e. It./. He that is abfent from
his llation or employment, or country.
A word ufed commonly with regard to
IriQimen living out of their country.

A B S

Then w»l the firft ftatute made agaioft ahfmttei,
commanding all fuch as had land in Ireland, to
return and refide tlie«upon.

S:r yobn Davies en Irelard*
A f real part of ellaDes io Ireland are ownei by
abfeniat, and fuch as draw over the profits raifed
out of Irrland, refunding notlung.

Child's Di/coarfe en Trade, ,
Absi'nthi ATED. fart, [(rova ai/iiilhitim,
Lat. wormwood.] Imbittercd, impreg-
nated with wormwood. DUi,
To Absi'st. nj. It. [aifi/o, L^t.] To Hand
off, to leave off. />'<*•
To ABSCLVE. i). a. [ab/olvo, Lat.]

1. To clear, to acquit of a crime in a ju-
dicial fenfe.

Your great goodnefs, out of holy pity,
Abjulv'd him with an axe. Shakrjp, Henry VIII.

Our vidlort, bleftin peace, forget their wars.
Enjoy pad dangers, and abfilve the ftars. Tickell.

As he hopes, and gives out, by the influence of
his wealth, to be here abfil-ved ; in condemning
tliis man, you have an opportunity of belying
that general fcandal, of rediiiir.lng the cr-dit loli
by former judgments. Stvift's Mifelltmej.

2. To fet free from an engagement or
promife.

Compell'd by thrratJ to take that bloody oath.
And the aft ill, I am abfoh'd by both.

IVatlers Maid's Tragedy,
This command, which muft neceffarily com-
prehend the perfons of our natural fathers, muft
mean a duty we owe them, diHinft from our obe-
' dience to the magiflrate, and from which the
mjft abfolute power of princes cannot ahfolvt
us. . . Laete.

3. To pronounce fin remitted, in the ec-
clefiaftical fenfe.

But all is calm in this eternal fleep ;
Here grief forgets to groan, and love to weep ;
Ev'n fupcrftition lofes ev'ry fear ;
For God, not man, abfohes our frailties here.

Pope's Eloifa to Aitlari,

4. To finilh, to complete. This ufe is
not common.

What caiife
MoT'd the Creator, in his holy reft
Through all eternity, fo late to build
In chaos ; and the work begun, how foon
Ahjolv'd, Milton's Paradije LoH, b. vii. /. 94.

If that which is fo fuppoled infinitely dillant
from what is now current, is d'ftant from us by
a finite interval, and not infinitely, then that on*
circulation wiiich preceded it, muft necelTarily be
like ours, and confcquently abjolved in the fpace
of twenty-four hours. Hale's Origin of Mankind,
A'bsolute. ezif/, [ahfolutus, Lat.]

1. Complete; applied as well to perfons
as things.

Beciule the things that proceed from him art
perfedl, without any manner of defeft or maim ;
it cannot be but that the words oi his mouth ate
alfolute, and lack nothing which they fliouid have,
for performance of that thing whrreunto they
tend. Hcokcr, i. ii. ^ 6.

What is his ftrength by land ? —
—Great and increafing : but by fea
He is an aiflule miftcr. '

Shakefpeare's Antony and Cleopatra,

2. Unconditional ; as, an abfolute promife:

Although it runs in forms alf'uie, yet it ij
indeed conditional, as depending upon the qualifi-
cation of the perfon to whom it is pronounced.

S'Mth'i Sermmi,

3. Not relative ; as, abfolute fpace.

I fee ftill the diftinQions of fovert'ign and in-
ferior, of abhlute and relative worlhip, will bear
any man out in the worrtiip of any creature with
rcfpcfl to Cod, as well at leaft as ic doth in the
worlhip of images.

HiiHingf. Def, of Dife. m Rom, Idol,

An abfolute mode is that which belongs to ic«

fubjeil, without rcfpeft to any other biings what'.

locvet J

A B S

ftntr; but > relative mode is derived from the
regird that one being has to othert.

fKitts's Lsgici,

In this fenfe we fpeak of the ablative
cafe ahfoiute in grammar.

4. Not limited ; as, ahfohite power.

My crown is ahj(^viey a^ holds of none;
I cannot in a bale fubjeftion live.
Nor fuffcr you to take, tho' I would give.

Dryd, Ud. Emp.

5. Pofitive ; certain ; without any hefita-
tion. In this fenfe it rarely occurs.

Long is it fince I faw him,
But time hath nothing blurr'd thofc lines of favour,
Which then he w.:re; the fnatches in his voice.
And burtl of fpcaking, were as his : I'm ahfoiute,
'Twas very Cl<iten, Shakeflieare^i Cymbefwe.

A'bsolutei.y. aJ'v. [from abfoluteJ]
1. Completely, without reftriftion.

All the conirad^^ions which grow in thofe
mind-:, that neither cbfoiutely climb the roclc oi
Ttrtue, nor freely Gnlc into the fea of vanity.

Sidney,

What merit they can build upon having joined
with a proteliant army, under a king they ac-
knowledge, to defend their own liberties and pro-
perties, !», to me, ahJrJvtety inconceivable ; and,
1 believe, will equally be fo i^r ever.

Sic'iji's Vrijh. Plea.

z. Without relation ; in a ftate uncon-
neded.

Alj'Auuly we cannot difcommend, we cannot
abjr)iutely approve either willingnefs to live, or for-
wardncfs to die, hooker, b, v.

Thefe then being the perpetual caufes of leal ;
the grejtcft good, or th-: grcateft evil; cither o^-
fblu'ely fo in th^mtelvc, or relatively fo to usj it
is theieforeg'vd to bezealoully aSe^ed for the one
agiinft the titlicr. Sfrofs Sermoai.

■No fenfible quality, as light, and colour, and
heat, and found, can be lublilrent in the bodies
themfelves, uhjolutely coadticred, wirhouta relation
to our eyes and ears, and other orgini of fenle.
Thefe qualities are only the efiedls of our fenfa-
tlor, which ariic from the different motions, upon
our nervcv from ol.jefts without, according to
•heir various modiiicationa and pofitions.

Ecntley^i Sermonu

3. Without limits or dependance.

The prnvc long time bad courted fortune's love,
But, once puli(!.i'd, did jbfclurely reign :
Thus, with their Arnazons, the heroes drove.
And coiT^uer'd fiill thofe beauties they would gain.
Drydm'i jliiTtut M:rabilii.

4. Without condition.

And of that nature, for the mnft part, are
things abfilutely anto all men's filvation neccffary,
either to be held or denied, either to be done 01
avoided. Jlccier'i Preface.

5. Peremptorily; pofitively.

Being as I am, why didll not thoa
Command me abj^lutrly not to go,
Going into fuch danger, as thou fiidft }

Farad. X-c^, h. Ix.
A'bsoluteness. n.f.\^\om.abfjMt.'\

1. Completenefs.

2. Freedom from dep£ndance, or limits.

The abjotuttneji and illimitednefs of his com-
irJlTiun was generally much fpoken of.

Clarendon, b. viii.

There is nothing that can raife a man to that
generous abfo'utinejt of condition, as neither to
ctingc, to fawn, or to depend meinly ; but that
wbich gives hiin that happinefs within himfelf, for
which men depend upon othersi Seulb'i Serm.

3. Defpoticifm.

He kept a ftrait hand on his nobility, and chofe
rather to ailvance clergymen and lawyers, which
were more obfcquinus to him, but had lefs inti.-eft
in the people ; which made for his abjotuieneft, but
not for his fafety. Bacon'i Henry VII

They dref? up ^ower with all the fplendor and
temptation abfilutrr-js can add to it. Lo it.

Absolu'tion. «./ [ai/hlulie, Lat.]

A B S

1. Acquittal.

jibjohithn, in the civil law, imports a full ac-
quittal of a perfon by fome final fenience of law ;
alfo, a temporary difchargc of his farther atten
dance upon a mefne procefs, though a failure or
defeft in pleading j as it does likewifc in the canon
law, where, and among divines, it likcwife figni-
fies a relaxation of him from the obligation of
fome fentence pronounced either in a court of l.iw,
or eife \nforo paemteniiol'i. Thus there is, in this
kind of law, one kind of ahjohuton, termed ju-
dicial, and another, ftyled a declaratory or extra-
judicial abjotution^

Ayliffe'i Parergon Jur'n Canor.ici.

2. The remiflion of fins, or penance, de-
clared by ecclefiaftical authority.

The abjalutkji pronounced by a prieit, whether
papiftor proicftant, is nota certain infallible ground
to give the perfnn, fo abfolved, confidence towards
God. Soutb't Sermons.

A'bsolutory. eie/J. [ab/olutorius , Lat.],
That which abfolves.

Though an abfoiiit'.ry fentence (hould be pro-
nounced in favour of the perlons, upon the ac-
count of nearnefs of blood ; yet, if adultery fliall
afterwards be truly proved, he may be ajain pro-
ceeded againll as an adulterer. A\!\^e'i Ptrergon.

^ nQfi f,i>T . adj . [SeeAssoNOus.] Con-
trary to reafon, wide from the purpofe.

A'bsbnous. adj. [ai/oims, Lzt. ill-found-
ing.] Abfurd, contrary to reaibn. It
is not much in ufe, and it may be
doubted whether it fhould be followed
by to or_/rj«.

To fuppofe an uniter of a middle conltitution,
that Ihculd partake of fome of the qualities ot
both, is unwarranted by any of our faculties j yea,
moft abjorous to our reafon.

Clanx'iile't Scepjis Siientijtea, c- 4.

To Abso'rb. f . a. \ahforbeo, Lat. preter.

abjorbed; part. pret. abjorbed, or ab-

forpt.]
I . To fwallow up.

Mofes imputed the deluge to the difiuption of
the abyfs ; and St. Peter to the particular conltitu-
tion of that earth, which made it obnoxious to be
abftrpt in water. Burn. Tbeory.

Some tokens fliew
Of fearlefs friendftirp, and their finking mates
Sullain ; vain love, tho" laudable, al.j'.rft
By a fierce eddy, they together found
The vaft profundity. Pbillift.

z. To fuck up. See Absorbfnt.

The evils that come of rxercife are that it doth
abforb and attenuate the moillurc of the body.

Bacon.
Suppofing theforementinnedconfumption fliould
prove fo durable, as to abforb and extenuate the
faid fanguine parts to an extreme degree, it ii
evident, that the fundamental parts mu^ necclfa-
riiy come into danger. Hanvey on Confum/nhni.
While we perfpire, we abforb the outward air.

Arbuthnot.
Abso'rbent. »./. \abforbem, Lat.]

A medicine that, by the foftnefs or
porofity of its parts, either cafes the
afperities of pungent humours, or dries
away fupcrfluous moillure in the body.

There is a third dafs of fubftances, commonly
called abforbentt ; as, the various kinds ai (hell-,
coral, chalk, crabi eyes, feft. which likewife laUc
an etftrvefccnce with aclds,and are therefore called
alkalis, though not fo properly, for they are not
f-ilts. Arbuthnot on Altmenti.

Abso'rpt. /«»-/. [{rom ab/orb.] Swallow-
ed up ; ufed as well, in a figurative
fenfe, of perfons, as, in the primitive,
of things.

W^iiat can you cxpe£l from a man, who has not
talked thefe five days? wb» is withdrawiog his

A B 9

thoughts, as far as he can, from all thi preftnt

wjild, its cuftoms and its manners, to be fully
poffiilVed and abforft in the part. Pope's Letters,

Abso'rption. )',yi [from fl^''"'^-] "^^^
&&. of fwallowing up.

It. was belowtlie dignity of thofe facred penmen,
or the Spirit of God that direQed them, to fliew
us the caufes of this difruption, or of this abfrp-
tion J this is left to the enquiries of men.

Burnet's Theory of the Earth.
To ABSTA'IN. t;. r. [abjiineo, Lat.] To
forbear, to deny one's felf any gratifi-
cation ; with the particle_/ro/».

If thou judge it hard and difficult,
Converfing, looking, loving, to abflain
Friminvc's due rites, nuptial embraces fweet;
And, with defires, to languiih without hope.

Miilon's Paradife Loft, b. I. /. 993.

To be perpetually lonjing, and impatiently dc-

firous of any thing, fo that a man cannot abftam

from it, is to lofe a man's liberty, and to become

a fervant of meat and drink, or fmoke.

'Taylor s Rule of Iwing bolyt
Even then the doubtful b;ilows fcarce abfiain
From the tofs'd vcflel on the troubled main.

. Drydens Vtrgil.

ABSTE'MIOUS. adj. {abjiemius, Lat.]
Temperate, fober, abftinent, refrain-
ing from excels or pleafur^s. It is ufed
of perfons ; as, an abjitmious hermit:
and of thiivgs ; as, an abjiemhus diet.
It is fpoken likewife of things that caufc
temperance.

The inllances of longevity are chiefly amongft
the abfiemious. Abftinencc in extremity will prove
a mortal dileafe; but the experiments of it ate
very rare. Arbuthnot on Aliments.

Clytorean ftreams the love of wine expel,
(Such is the virtue of th' abfierr.hu^ wk-W)
Whether the colder nymph that rules the flood,
Extinguiflies, and balks the drunken god :
Or that Mclampus (fo have fome alfur'd)
When the maJ Pi.-etides with charms he cur'd,
And pow'rful lierba, both charms and fimples call
Into the fober fpring, where itill their virtues laft.
Drydens Fables.

Abste'miously. adv. [from abjlemious.^
Temperately, foberly, without indul-
gence.
Abste'miousness. n. f. [See Abste-
mious.] The quality of being ablle-
mioi^.^
Abste'ntion. n.f. [fromab/fitteo, Lat.]
The ad of holding off, or reftraining ;
rellraint. Z>;V?,

To ABSTE'RGE. 'V. a. [abjlergo, Lat.]

To cleanfe by wiping ; to wipe.
Abste'rcient. adj. Cleanfing; having

a cleanfing quality.
To Abste'rse. [See Absterg-e.] To
cleanfe, to purify ; a word very little
in ufe, and lefs analogical than abjierge.
Nor will \vc affirm, that iron receivcth, in ths
ftomach of the oftrich, no alteration j but we fuf-
peit tills effeil rather from corrofion than digeA
tion J not any tendence to chilification by the na-
tural heat, but rather fome attrition from an acid
and" vitriolous humidity in the ftomach, which
may abflerfe and ihavc the fcorious parts thereof.
Br'jtvns Vulgar Errours, b. iii.

Abste'rsion. 11. j'. [abjlerjio, Lat.] The
aft of cleanfing. See Absterge.

Ahjlerfian is plainly a fcouring off, or incifion of
the more vifcous humours, and making the hu-
mours more fluid, and cutting between them and
the part; as is found in nitrous water, whicb'
fcoureth linen cloth fpcedily from the foulnefs.

Baccn's Natural Hifiory, N" 42,

Abstb'rsive. a<^'. [_(tQm abjltr^«.'\ That
C 2 hu

A B S

has the quality of abllerging or cleanf-
ing.

It is good, aftfr purging, to uTe apozrmes ana
brothi, not (o much opening as thofe ufed before
purging i but atfierfivt and mundiTving clyfttrs
alfo are good to conclude wkh, Co draw awajr the
reliquct of the humuuri>

Bacon's Natural Hifttry.
A tablet fttwd of that ahftirfi-ve tree.
Where /Ethiopi' fwarthy bird did build to ned.

Sir Jihn Dinbam,
There, many a flow'r ahjitrftyt grew.
Thy fav'rite flow'rs of yellow hue. S%vifi't MifccU
A'bstinence. «./ [abfiinentia, Lat.]

1. Forbearance of any thing; with the
particle _/r6«i.

Becaufe the ahjlinttice frcm a prefcnt pleafurc,
that offers itfelf, is a pain, nay, otti-ntimcs a ver)
great one : it is no wonder that that operates after
the fame manner pain does, and lefl'cns, in our
thoughts, what is future ; and fo forces us, as it
were, blindfold into its embraces. Locke.

2. Fading, or forbearance of nec«nary
food. It is generally diftinguifhed from
temperance, as the greater degree from
the lefj ; fometimes as fingle perform-
ances from habits ; as, a day of aifii-
nrnct, and a Life of temperance.

Say, can you fall ? your llomadu are too young :
And abfi'mcnce ingenders maladifel.

Shakefpeare's Lovis Labour Lop.
And the faces of tiiem, which have ufed ah-
Jlirnce, Ihall &ine above the ftars j whereas our
Ijces ihall be blacker than darkncfs.

1 EfJras, v'li. 55.
Religious men, who hither mull be fent
A^ awful guides of heavenly government ;
To teach you penance, falls, and abJi'mtMtf
la punifli bodies for the foul's ollence.

Drydms Indian Emf.

A'bstinency. n./. The fame with Ab-

ITIN'ENCE.

Were our rewards for the ahfiinencin, or riots,
of this prefent life, under the prejudices of Ihort
or fioite, the promifcs and threats of Chrifl would
lofe much of their virtue and energy.

Hammond^ I Fundam.
A'bstinenT. at//. \_abJHnens, Lat.] That
ufes abftinence, in oppofition to covet-
ous, rapacious, or luxurious. It is ufed
chiefly of perfons.
Absto'rt E D . adj. \abJ{ortus,'L^X..'\ Forced
• away, wrung from another by vio-
lence. DiS.
Te ABSTRA'CT. v. a. [abjlraho, Lat.]

1. To take one thing from another.

Could we abfiraB from thcfc pernicious efftfts,
and fuppofc this were innocent, it would be too
light to be matter of praile. Dtcay of Ficty.

2. To feparate by didillation.

Having dephlegmed fpirit of fait, and gently ab-
frarlcd the whole fpirit, there remaincth in the
retort a ftyptical fubftance. Soyii.

3. To feparate ideas.

Thofe who cannot dillinguifli, compaie, and
ahjirafi, would hardly be able to undcrlland and
make ufe of language, or judge or reafon to any
tolerab't degree. Locke.

4. To reduce to an epitome.

If wc Mfould fix in the memory the difcourfcs

we hear, or what we defign to fpcak, let us ab-

firad them into brief comprnds, and review them

often. H-'aitt'tlmp.ofibcMind.

A'bstract. adj. [abjlraaus. Lit. See

the verb To Abstract.] _
I. Separated from fomething elfe ; gene-
rally ufed with relation to mental per
ceptions ; as, abJiraH mathematics, ab-
firaH terms, in oppofition to concrete.

A B S

Mathismatics, in its latitude, li ufualty divided
Into pure and mixed. And though the pure do
handle only abfiraB quantity in general, as geo-
metry, arithmetic j yet that which is mixed, doth
confider the quantity of fome particular determi-
nate fubjefl. So allionomy handles the qumtity
of heavenly motions, mulic of founds, and me-
chanics of weights and puArrs.

tVilkxnii Malttmatical Magick.

jlbjirali terms fignify the mode or quality of
a being, without any regard to the fubjc^l in
which it is ; as, whitcnei's, roundnefs, length,
breadth, wifdom, mortality, life, death.

fyam'iLogick.

z. With the particle//»»f.

Another fruit from the confidering things in
themfelves, ahjlraft from our opinions, and other
men's notions and difcourfcs on them, will be,
that each man will purfue his thoughts in that
method, which will be mod agreeable to the na-
ture of the thing, and to his apprehcnlion of what
it fuggells to him. Locke.

A'bsthact. n./ [from the verb.]
I. A fmaller quantity, containing the vir-
tue or power of a greater.

You (hall there find a man, who is the abftraH
of all faults all men follow.

Shakefpearc' t Antony and Cleopatra.

If you are falfe, thefe epithets are fmall ;
You're then the things, and abfiraB of them all.

Drydcn'i Aur.

2. An epitome made by taking out the
principal parts.

When Miiemon came to the end of a chapter,
he recollefled the fentiments he had remarked j
fo that he could give a tolerable analyfis and ab-
firaB of every tteatife he had read, juft after he
had finiflied it. IVattCs Imp. of the Mind.

3. The ftate of being abftrafted, or dif-
joined.

The hearts of great princes, if they be confi-
dcred, as it were in abfiraB, without the neccf-
fity of dates, and circun3(lanc« of time, can
take no full and proportional pleafure in the ex-
ercife of any narrow bounty. H^otton.

.^BSTR a'xted. part. adj. [itomabjiracl.^

1. Separated; disjoined.

That fpace the evil one abfiroBcd ftood
From his own evil, and for the time remain'd
Stupidly good. Milton,

2. Refined, purified.
AbfiraBcd fpiritva) love, they like

Their fouls exhal'd. Donne.

3. Abftrufe ; difficult.

4. Abfent of mind, inattentive to prefent
objefts ; as, an ahjiraaed fcholar.

Abstra'ctedly. ad'v. With abftrac-
tion, fimply, feparately from all con-
tingent circumftances.

Or whether more ohfiraBedly we look.
Or on the writers, or the written book :
Whence, but from heav'n, could men unlkill'd in

arts.
In fevcral ages born, in fi!veral parts.
Weave fuch agreeing truths ? or how, or why
Should all confpire to cheat us with a lie ?
Unaik'd their paios, ungrateful their advice.
Starving tiwir gain, and martyrdom their price.

DtytUns Religio Laid.

Abstr a'ction. »._/! [abfiraSio, Lat.]
1 . The aft of abftrafting.

The word alfiraBitn lignifies a withdrawing
fome part of an idea from other parts of it ; by
which means fuch abftraOed ideas are formed,
as neither reprefent any thing corporeal or fpi-
ritual ; that is, any thing peculiar or proper to
mind or body. fKo.-rj'j Logick.

z. The ftate of being abftrafted.
5. Abfence of mind ; inattention.
+1 Difregard of worldly objefts.

4 hecmit wiiltet to be praifed for his ahfiraBion.
Vopt't Lctttn.

A B S

AB$TRA'cT«VE.a<^'.[fromfl/5/frfl(7.]Har-
ing the power or quality of abftrafting.

Abstra'ctly. adv. [from ab/lraS.] In
an abllraft manner, abfolutely, without
reference to any thing elfe.

MitKr abfiraBly and abfolutely confidered, can-
not have born aa infinite durition now pail and
expired. Bentley's Sermon*

Abstr a'ctness. n. /. [from ab/fraff.^
Subtilty ; feparation from all matter or
common notion.

I have taken fome pains to make plain and fa-
miliar to your thoughts, truths, which edablilhcd
prejudice, or the abfiraBnefi of the ideas themfelves,
mijjht render difficult. Licke*

Abstri'cted. part. adj. [abftri3ut, Lat.]
Unbound. Dia^

To Abstri'nce. v. a. Tounbind. Di3.

To ABSTRU'DE. -v. a. [abjirudo, Lat.]
To thruft off, or pull away. Z);<3.

Abstru'se. adj. \abjirufus, Lat. thruit
out of fight.]

1. Hidden.

Th' eternal eye, whofe fight difcerns
Abfirufefi thoughts, from forth his holy mount,
And from within the golden lamps that burn
Nightly before him, faw, without their light.
Rebellion riling.

Milton'i ParadifeLtfi, h.y, I. 71a.

2. Difficult ; remote from conception or
apprehenfion. It is oppofed to obvious
and eajy.

S'jfpakeour Sire, and by his countenance feem'd
Ent'ring on lludious thoughts abfiruje.

Paradtfe Lofi, b. viii.
The motions and figures within the mouth are
abfirufc, and not cafy to be didinguiflied, efpecially
thofe of the tongue, which is moved through the
help of many mufcles, fo eafily, and habitually,
and varioully, that we arc fcarce able to give a
judgment of motions and figures thereby framed.

Holder.
No man could give a rule of the greatell beau-
ties, and the knowledge of them w.^s fa abfiruje,
that there was no manner of fpeaking which could
exprefs them. ' Dryden'i Dufnfnoy.

Abstru'sely. adv. In an abllrufe man-
ner ; obfcurely, not plainly, or obvi-
oufly.
Abstru'se NESS. n.f. [from abfiru/e.'] Th«
quality of being abftrufe ; difficulty,
obfcurity.

It is not oftentimes fo much what the fcripture
fays, as what fome men perfuade others it fays,
that makes it feem obfcutv, and that as to fome
other palTages that are fo indeed, ftnce it is the
aifirufenejs of what is taught in them, that makes
them almoft inevitably fo ; it is little lefs faucy,
upon fuch a fcorc, to find fault with <hc dyle of
the fcripture, than to do fo with the author for
making us but men. Boyle on the Scripture*

.Abstru'sity. >t./. [from abjlru/e.']

1. Abftrufenefs.

2. That which is abftrufe. A word feldom
ufed.

Authors are alfo fufpicious, nor greedily to be
fwallowed, who pretend to write of fecrets, to de-
liver antipathies, fympathies, and the occult ab..
finijitici of things. Brvivn'' i Vulgar Errotin.

7e Ab su' M E . I", a. [abfumo, Lat. J To bring
to an end by a gradual walte ; to eat up.
An uncommon word.

That which had been burning an infinite time

could never be burnt, no not (a much as any part

of it ; for if it had burned part after part, the

whole mull needs be ab/umed in a portion of time.

Hale's Origin of Mankind.

ABSU'RD. adj. [ab/urdus, Lat.]

I. Unreafonable ; without judgment, at

, ufed of men.

Scetuing

ABU

_ Seeming wife men may make fliift to get apj.
■»ion i but let no man chuie them for employment;
for certainly ^ou had better take forbuCnefi a man
fomewhat ehjfurj, than over formal. Bacon,

A man, who cannot write with wit on a proper
fubjeft, is dull and ftupid ; but one, who {hews it
in an improper place, is as irnpeitinent and ai-
furd. Mdijin, Spiaater, N° zgu

2. Inconfiftent, contrary to reafon, ufed of
fentiments or pradices.

The thing itlelf appeared defirable to him, and
accordingly he could not but like and defire it •
but then, it was after a very irrational ai/urd way,
and contrary to all the methods and principles of
a rational agent; which ne%er wills a thing really
and properly, but it applies to the means, by which
it is to be acquired. Saatb's Sermtni.

But grant that thofe can conquer, thefc can cheat,
'Tis phrafe ahjuri to call a villain great :
Who wickedly is wife, or madly brave.
Is but the more a fool, the more a knave.

^ Pofe't Effay m Man.

Absu RDiTT. n./. [from ah/urd].

1, The quality of being abfurd ; want of
judgment, applied to men; want of
propriety, applied to things.

How clear foever this idea of the infinity of
number be, there is nothing more evident than
the ahfurdliy of the afluaj idea of an infinite
number. io^^,

2. That which is abfurd; as, his travels
were full of abfurditits. In which fenfe
it has a plural.

That fatisfadtion we receive from the opinion of
fome pre-eminence in ourfelves, when we fee the
atfurdiiiis of another, or when we reflea on any
part <ii/Br</m« of our own. Addihtj.

Absu'rdly. adv. [from ai/urd."] After
an abfurd manner ; improperly ; unrea-
fonably.

But man we find the only creature,
Who, led by folly, combats nature ;
Who, when (he loudly cries. Forbear,
With obftinacy fires there ;
And where his genius leaft inclines,
Ji/urdly bends his whole defigns. Sicift't Afifttl.
We may proceed yet further with the atheill,
and convince him, that not only his principle is
abfurd, but his confequences alfo as abfurdly de-
duced from it. B'niity't Scrmcni.
Absu'udwess. n.f. [hom ah/urd.] The
quality of being abfurd ; injudiciouf-
nefs ; impropriety. Sec Absurditv ;
which is more frequently ufed.
Abu'ndance. n.f. [aiondance, Fr.]
1. Plenty ; a fenfe chiefly poetical.

At the whifper of thy word,
Crown'd abundance fpreads my board. Crajhaw.

The doubled charge his fubjefts' love fupplies.
Who, in that bounty, to themfelves are kind j

So glad Egyptians fee their Nilus rife.
And, in hii plenty, their abundance find.

Drjd. Aniu Mir.

i. Great numbers.

The river Inn is fliut up between mountains,
covered with woods of fir-trees. Abundance of
peafants are employed in hewing down the largcft
of thefe tree*, that, after they arc barked and cut
into (hapr, are tumbled down. Add'ijun on Italy.

J. A great quantity.

Their chief entcrprize was the recovery of the
Holy Land ; in which worthy, but extremely dif-
ficult, ailion, it IS lamentable to remember what
abundance of noble blood hath been flied, with very
fmall benefit unto the.Chri(lian ftate.

Sir IValiir Raleigb'i £j/ayi.

4. Exuberance, more than enough.

For w.ll I wot, moi» mighty fovereign.
That all thii fan.ous antique hiftory.
Of fome, th' abundance ri an idle brain.
Will judged be, and painted forgery. Sfenfer.

Aiv'uDKHT.adJ. {abundant JLiX.1

ABU

I. Plentiful.

Good, the more
Communicated, more abundant grows ;
The author not impair'd, but honour'd more.

Paradiji Laji, b. v.

2. Exuberant.

If the veffels are in a ftate of too great rigidity,
fu as not to yield, a ftrong projcaile motion occa-
fions their rupture, and haemorrhages ; efpecially
in the lungs, where the blood is abundant.

Arbutbnitt an Aliments.

3. Fully ftored. It is followed fometimes
by in, commonly by tvitJb.

The world began but fome ages before thefe were
found out, and was abundant -with all things at
firft ; and men not ver)- numerous ; and therefore
were not put fo much to the ufe of their wits, to
find out wain for living commodioufly. Burmt.

4. It is applied generally to things, fome-
times to perfons.

The Lord, the Lord God, merciful and gracious,
long-fuffering and abundant in goodnefs and truth.
Exod. xxxiv. 6.
Abu'ndaktly. ay-i;. [iiom abundant.]

1 . In plenty.

Let the waters bring forth abundantly the moving
creature that hath life. Genrfs, i. 20.

God on thee
Abundantly his gifts hath alfo pour'd ;
Inward and outward both, his image fair.

Paradife Lafl, b.vm.

2. Amply, liberally, more than fufficiently.

Ye faw the French tongue abundantly purified.

XI • sprat.

Heroic poetry has ever been efteemed thegreatelt
work of human nature. In that rank has Ariftotle
placed it; and Longinus is fo full of the like ex-
prcfTions, that he abundantly confirms the other's
teftimony. . Drydcns State 0/ Innocence, Pref.

What the example of our equals wants of au-
thority, is abundantly fupplied in the imaginations
of friendfliip, and the repeated influences of a
conftant converfation. Rogers', Serm.

To ABU'SE, 'V. a. [abutor, abufui, Lat.]
In abu/e, the verb, / has the found of
X ; in 'the noun, the common found.

1 . To make an ill ufe of.

They that ufe this world, as not abufng it; for
the fafliion of this world paffeth away.

_, , . I Cor, vii. 31,

He has fixed and determined the time for our
repentance, beyond which he will no longer await
the perverfenefs of men, no longer fufter his com-
panion to be abujed. Rogers', Sermons.

2. To violate ; to defile.

Arachnc figured how Jove did abuji
Europa like a bull, and on his back
Her through the fea did bear. Spenjer.

3. To deceive ; to impofe upon.

He perhaps.
Out of my weaknefs and my melancholy.
As he is very potent with fuch fpirits,
Abujes me to damn me. Shakefpeare's Hamlet.

The world hath been much abufed by the opinion
of making gold : the work itfelf I judge to be
poflible ; but the means hitherto propounded, are,
in the pradlicc, full of error.

Bacon's Natural Hiftory, N" ji6.

It imports the mifreprefentation of the qualities
of things and aflions, to the common apprehen-
fions of men, abufing their minds with falfe no-
tions ; and fo, by this artifice, making evil pafi
for good, and good for evil, in all the^reat concerns

ii"'K- -l. „ L, South- s Sermons.

Nor be with all thefe tempting words abus'd;
Thefe tempting words were all to Sappho us'd.

4. To treat with rudenefs ; to reproach.

I am no ftrumpel, but of life as honed
As you that thus abuje me. Shakefp. Othello.

But he mocked them, and lauglied at them,
and <ii»/<i them Ihamcfully, and fpake proudly.

] Mac, vii. 34.

ABU

Some praife at morning what they blame atnighl^
But always think the laft opinion right.
A mufe by thefe is like a mirtrefs us'd.
This hour /he's idolii'd, the next abus'd.

Pope's EJfmy on Criticifm^

The next criticifm feems to be introduced for
no other reafon, but to mention Mr. BickerftafF,
whom the author every where endeavours to imi-
tate and abufe. Addjfoit.

Abu'se. «.'/. [from the verbal//?.]

1 . The ill ufe of any thing.

The calling away things proHtable for the fufte-
nance of man's life, is an unthankful abufe of the
fruits of God's good providence towards mankind.
Hooker, b. v. § ^*
Little knows
Any, but God alone, to value right
"The good before him, but perverts belt things
To worft abufe, or to their meaneft ufe. ^

Paradife Loft, b. iy*

2. A corirupt pradtice, bad cuftom.

The natune of things is fuch, that, if abufes be
not remedied, they will certainly encreafe.

Stuiftfor Advancement of Relig'um^

3. Seducement.

Was it not enough forhim-to have deceived me»^
and, through the deceit abufed me, and, after the
abufe, forfaken me, but that he muft now, of all
the company, and before all the company, lay
want of beauty to my charge. Sidney, b. ii.

4. Unjuft cenfure, rude reproach, com-
tumely.

I dark in light, expos'd
To daily fraud,, contempt, abufe, and wrong.

Samfon Agoniflciw

Abu'se R, »./. [from the verb «^«/f,];

1. He that makes an ill ufe.

2. He that deceives.

Next thou, the abufer of thy prince's ear.

Denham't Sofhlf*-

3. He that reproaches with rudenefs.

4. -A. ravifher, a violater.
Abu'sive, ad/', [hoai abu/e.]

1 . Praftifmg abufe.

The tongue mov'd gently firft^nd fpeech was low^
Till wrangling fcicnce taught it noife and (how.
And wicked wit arofe, thy moft ahufive foe.

Pope's Mifullaniu^

Dame Nature, as the learned (liow.
Provides each animal its- foe ;
Hounds hunt the hare, the wily, fox
Devours your geefe, the wolf your flbcks.
Thus envy pleads a natural claim.
To prrfecute the mufe's fame.
On poets in all times abuji've.
From Homer down to Popeindufive. Stvi/t'sMifccL

2. Containing abufe; a«, an abn^-ve lam- ■
poon.

Next, Comedy appcar'd with great applaufe,
Till her licentious and abufive tongue
Waken'd the magilhates coercive power. Rofcom.

3. Deceitful; a fenfe little ufed, yet not
improper.

It is verified by a number of examples, that
whatfoever is gained by an abujive treaty, ought
to be rcfVired in 'integrum.

Bacon's Conjidc'ralicns on H'ar with Spain,

Abu'sivsly. ad-v. [from abuje.]

1. Improperly, by a wrong ufe.

The oil, ahuf-vely called ipirit, of rofes, fwlms at
the top of the water, in the firm of a white butter;
wh'ch 1 remember not to haveobfcrved in any other
oil drawn in any limbeck. Boyle's Sceptical Ciym'i/k.

2. Reproachfully.

Abo'siveness. «./. [from abu/e.] Th*
quality of being abufive ; fbulnefs of
language.

Pick out of mirth, like ftonescatof thy ground,.
Profancncfs, filthinefs, abufivenefs.

Thefe are the fcum,with which coarfe wi ts abound t
The fine may fpare thefe well, yet not go Icfs.

HirUrt.

A C A

f» ABUT. V. n. obfelete.[fl^fl»//V,to touch
at the end, Fr.] To end at, to border
upon ; to meet, or approach to, with the
particle upoa.

Two mighty monarcliies,
Whofe high uprcared and abutting fronts
The narrow perilous occun parts afunder*

Shakcjptare I lltnry V.

The Lo(>«i are two fcveral corporations, diOin-

goilhed by the addition or eaft and weft, aiuiiing

u'fM a navigable creek, and joined by a fair bridge

ot" many arches. Cttrnv.

Abu'tment.w./ [fr«ma^K/.] That which
abuts, or borders upon another.

Abu'tta!.. n.f. [from abut.'\. The but-
ting or boundaries of any land. A wri-
ting declaring on what lands, highways,
or other places, it does abut. Difl.

Aby'sm. n.f. [a^jy»»<, old Fr. now writ-
ten contrafledly abiine.'\ A gulf; the
fame with ahy/s.

My good ftars, that were my former guides.
Have empty left their orbs, and fliot their fires
Into the ahyfm of he!l.

Stakcfpeare^s Antcry and Cleopatra*

Abv'ss. n.f. \abyffus, Lat. aS>vaa^, bot
tomtefs, Gr.]

X. A depth without bottom.

Who /hall tempt with wandVing feet
The dark, unbottom'd,, inBnite aliyjs.
And, through the palpable obfcure, find out
This uncouth way.

M./tcn't ParaJ'iJe LoJI, b. ii. /. 405.

Thy throne is darknefs in th' abyfi of light,
A blaze of glory that forbids the fight;
O teach me to biiic\c tliee thus conceai'd,
And fearch no farther than thyfclf reveal'd.

DryJcn.
Tore was not more pleased
With infant nature, when his fpacious hand
Had rounded this huge ball of earth and feas
To give it the firft pulh, and fee it roll
Along the vaft abyj'i. Mdijcn, Guard. No no.

s. A great depth, a gulf; hyperbolical! y.

The yawning earth difclos*d th* tf/»>yi of hell.

Dryiieni l^ir^ Gtorg, i.

3. In a figurative fenfe, that in which any
thing is loft.

for fepulchres themfelves muft crumbling fall
In Umc^saby/tj the common grave of all. ^

Drydens jfwvenalj Sal, x.

If, difcovering how far we have clear and diftindt
ideas, we confine our thoughts within the contem-
plation of thofe things that are within the reach of
our underllandings, and lavmch not out into that
thyji of darknefs, out of a prcfumption that no-
thi'ig is beyond our comprehenfion. Locke.

4. The body of waters fuppofed at the
centre of the earth.

We are here to confider what is generally under-
ftood by the great atyft, in the common explication
«f the deluge; and 'tis commonly interpreted either
to be the fea, or fubterraneous waters hid in the
bowels of the earth. Burmt't thimy.

5. In the language of divines, hell.

From that infatiable ahyjs.
Where flames devour, and ferpcnts hifa,
Promote me to thy feat of blifs. Rijcimmtn.

Ac, Ak, or Ake.

Being initials in the names of places, as j^San,
fignify an oak, from the Saxon ac, an uak.

Oibji/n't Camden,

ACACJA.n,;, [Lat.]

I. A drug brought from Egypt, which,

being fuppofed the infpiflated juice of a

tree, is imitated by the juice of floes,

boiled to the fame confiftence.

Diiiionaire de Comm, Sazrary. Trevoux.

X. A tree commonly fo called here, though

different from that which produces toe

A C C

trne afada ; and therefore termed f>/eii-
Jocacia, or Virginian acacia. Miller.

Acade'mi Ai.. a<^. \ixom academy. '\ Re-
lating to an academy, belonging to an
academy.

AcADfc'MiAN. n.f. [from acad(my.'\ A
fcholar of an academy or univerfity ; a
member of an univerfity. ff'ood, in his
Athetitr Oxonienfes, mentions a great
fcaft made for the academians.

Acade'mical, cdj. [academicus, Lat.]
Belonging to an univerfity.

He drew him firft into the fatal circle, from a
kind of refolved privatcnefs; where, after the aca-
demical life, he had taken fuch a taftc of the rural,
as 1 have heard him fay, that he could well have
bent his mind to a retired courfe. fyott^n.

Academi'cian. «. /. [academician, Fr.]
The member of an academy. It is ge-
nerally ufed in fpeaking of the profeflbrs
in the academies of France.

Acade'mick. «./. [from academy.} A ftu-
dent of an univerfity.

A young academic fiiall dwell upon a journal that
treats of trade, and be lavilh in the piaife of the
author ; while perfons fkilled in thofe fubjefts,
hear the tattle with contempt.

IValit'i Imprcmemcnt of ike Mind.
Acade'mick. a^. [academicus, hzx-l Re-
lating to an univerfity.

While through poetic Icenes the genius roves.
Or wanders wild in academic groves.

Dunciad,h.\v. !. 481

Aca'demist. n.f. [from academy. "} The
member of an academy. This is not
often uied.

It is obferved by the Parifian acadcmtfti, that

fome amphibious quadrupeds, particularly the fea-

calf or feal, hath his epiglottis extraordinarily large.

Ray on the Creation.

A'CADEMY. n. f. [anciently, and pro-
perly, with the accent on the firft fyl-
lable, now frequently on the fecond.
Acadimia, Lat. from Academus of Athens,
whofe houie was turned into a fchool,
from whom the Groves of Academe in
Milton.]

I . An alTembly or fociety of men, uniting
for the promotion of fome art.

Our cou:'C fhall be a little academy.
Still and contemplative in living arts.

Stakefpcare^i Lct/r'j Labour Loft.

z. The place where (ciences are taught.

Amongft the acadimiei, which were compofed by
the rare genius of thofe great men, thcfe four are
reckoned as the principal ; namely, the Athenian
fchool, that of Sicyon, that of Rhodes, and that
of Corinth. Dryden'i Dufrefiuy.

3. An univerfity.

4. A place of education, in contradiftinc-
tion to the univerfities or public fchools.
The thing, and therefore the name, is
modern.

ACANTHUS, n.f [Lat.] The name of
,the herb bears-breech, remarkable for
being the model of the foliage on the
Corinthian chapiter.

On cither Mc
Acanliu!, and each od'rous bulhy fhrub,
Fenc'd up the verdant wall.

Mill. Parad. Loftf b. iv. /. 696.

AcaTALe'ctIC.»._/.' [axaxaXrifli*®-, Gr."]

A verfe whidi has the complete number

of fyllables, without defedl or fuperfluity.

TiACCE'DE. 'V. n. [accede, 'Lzx.'l To be

added to, to come to ; generally ufed

A C C

in political accounts ; as, another power
\i3L% acceded to the treaty; that is, hst
become a party.
To ACCE'LERATE, 'v.a. [accelere, Lat.]

1. To make quick, to liaften, to quicken
motion ; to give a continual impulfe to
motion, fo as perpetually to increafe.

Take new beer, and put in fome quantity of
ftale beer into it ; and fee whether it will not acce-
Itrjte the clarification, by opening the body of the
beer, whereby the grolfer parts may fall down into
Ices. Bacon's Natural Hifttry, N° 307.

By a fkilful application of thofe notices, may be
gained the accelerating and bettering of fruits, and
the emptying of mines, at much more eafy ratet
than by the common methods. Glanvil/e^Scepftt,

If the rays endeavour to recede from the denleft
part of the vibration, they may be alternately acce-
lerated and retarded by the vibrations overtaking
them. Nenjjtons Of tics.

Spices quicken the pulfe, and accelerate the mo-
tion of the blood, and difiipate the fluids ; from
whence teannefs, pains in the ftomach, loathing;,
and fevers. Arbutknot on Aliments*

Lo I from the dread immenfity of fpace
Returning, with accelerated courfe.
The rufhing comet to the fun defcends.

tbomf. Sum. I, 1 690.

2. It is generally applied to matter, and
ufed chiefly in philofophical language ;
but it is fometimes ufed on other occafions.

In which council the king himfelf, whofe con-
tinual vigilarcy did fuck in fometimes caufelefs
fufpicions, which few eife knew, inclined to the
- accelerating a battle. Bacon's Henry Vll.

Perhaps it may point out to a ftudenc now and
then, what may employ the moft vifcful labours of
his thoughts, and accelerate his diligence in the moft
momentous enquiries. iVatts,

AccEl. ER a'tion. n.f [acceleralio, Lat.]

1. The aft of quickening motion.

The law o{ the acceleration of falling bodies, dif-
covered firil by Galileo, is, that the velocities ac-
quired by falling, being as the time in which the
body falls, the fpaces through which it palTes will
be as the fquares of the velocities, and the velocity
and time taken together, as in a quadruplicate rati>)
of the fpaces.

2. The fiate of the body accelerated, or
quickened in its motion.

The dejirees o( acceleraiisn oi motion, the gravi-.
tatien of the air, the exiftence or non-exiltence of
empty fpaces, either coacervate or interfperfed, and
many the like, have taken up the thoughts and
times of men in difpules concerning them.

HaU^s Origin of MankineU

3. The att of haftening.

Confidcring the languor enfuing that a^ion in
fome, and the vifible acceleration it maketh of age
in moft, we cannot but think venery much abridg-
eth our days. Broivn,

To ACCE'ND. -v. a. [acceudo, Lat.] 'I'o
kindle, to fet on fire ; a word very
rarely ufed.

Our devotion, if fuHiciently acetnded, would, as
theirs, burn up innumerable books of this fort.

Decay of Piety.
Acce'nsion. n.f [acccttfo, Lat.] The
aft of kindling, or the ftate of being,
kindled.

Tile fulminating damp will take fire at a candle,
or other flame, and, upon its accenfion, gives a
crack or report, like the difcharge of z. gun, and
makes an cxplofion fo f.ircibi; as fometimes to kill
the miners, ihake the earth, and force bodies, of
great weight and bulk, from the bottom oi the pic
or mine. WsoJivard' s Natural Hiftory,

A'CCENT. n.f [accentus, Lat.]
1 . The manner of fpeaking or pronoun-
cing, with regard either to force or ele-
gance.

I know.

A C C

I know. Sir, I am no flatterer; he that be.
guited you in a plain accent was a plain knave 3
which, for my pJrt, I will not be. '

Sbakefpeare's King hear,

2. The found given to the fyllable pro-
nounced.

Your accent is fomething finer than ycu could
purchafe in lb removed a dwelling.

Sbalb^eare^s Asyou like it.

3. In grammar, the marks made upon fyl-
lables, to regulate their pronunciation.

Accent f as in the Greek names and ufage, feems
to have regardeJ the tune o^ the voice ; the acute
accent raifing the voice in fome certain fyllables to
a higher, i. e, more acute pitch or tone, and the
grave deorefling it lower, and both having fome em
phafts, i. e* more vigorous pronunciation. Holder.

4. Poetically, language or words.

How many ages hence
Shall this our lofty fcene be a£led o'er.
In Hates unborn, and accintsyex. unknown.

Sbahjpeare' i jfuliui Cafar.
Winds on your wings to heav'n her accents bear ;
Such words as heav'n alone is fit to hear.

DtyJ. Virg. Paji. 3.

5. A modification of the voice, expreffive
of the paflions or fentiments.

The tender accent of a woman's cry
Will pafs unheard, will unregarded die ;
When the rough feaman's louder fliouts prevail,
When fair occafion (hews the fpringing gale. Prior.

?« A'ccENT. -v. a. [from accentus, Lat.]
formerly elevated at the fecondfyllable,
now at the firft.

1. To pronounce, to fpeak words with
particular regard to the grammatical
marks or rules.

Having got fomebody to mark the laft fylhblc
but one, where it is long, in words above two fyl-
lables (which is enough to r"gi!a;e her pronuncia-
tion, and accenting the words , let her read daily in
the gofpeis, and avoid underrt.mdirjj them in La-
tin, if rtic can. hjcke on Edu:amny ^ 177.

2. In poetry ; to pronounce or utter in ge-
neral.

O my unhappy lines ! you that before
Have fcrv'd my youth to vent fome wanton cries.

And, now congeal'd with grief, can fcare implore
Strength to accent. Here my Albertus lies 1 fftinn.

3. To write or note the accents.

Ti Acce'ntu ATE. f. a. [accentuer, Fr.]
To place the proper accents over the
vowels.

Accentua'tion. n,/. [^(xoxa accent uate.'\

i . The a£l of placing the accent in pro-
nunciation.

2. Marking the accent in writing.

7» ACCE'PT. 1). a. [accipio, Lat. accepter,

1. To take with pleafure ; to receive
kindly ; to admit with approbation.
It is diflinguilhed from recei've, iisype-
afic from general ; noting a particular
manner of receiving.

Neitlierdo ye kindle fire on my altar for nought.
I have no pleafure in you, faith the Lord of hofts,
neither will 1 accept an offering at your hand.

Mclachi, i. 10.

God is no relpeOer of perfons : but, in evfrj
nation, he that feareth him, and worketh rlghte-
oufnefs, is accrf,ieii ivith him. Afli, x. 34, 35.

You have been gracicuHy pleafed to accept this
tender of my duty.

Dryden'i Dedicatinn f) hit FaLlet.

Charm by acc^ting, by fubmitting fway.
Vet have your hjmourmoft whf^n you nbcy. Pope.

2. It is ufed in a kind of juridical fenle ;
as, to accept terms, accept a treaty.

They flaughter'd many of the gentry, for whom
BO fcx or age could be aceifieJ for excuf:. S'lttney.

A C C

His promife Palamon accepts, but pray'd
To keep it better than the firft he made.

Dry den's Tables.

Thofe who have defended the proceedings of
our negociators at the treaty of Gertruydenburgh,
dwell upon their zeal and patience in endeavouring
to work the French up to their demands, but fay
nothing of the probability that France would ever
accept them. Stvift,

3. In the language of the Bible, to accept
perfons, is to aft with perional and par-
tial regard.

He will furcly reprove you, if ye do fccretly ar-

rc/r perfons. _ ^oi, xiii. 10.

4. It is fometimes ufed with the particle
of.

I will appeafe him with the prefcnt that goeth

before me, and afterward 1 will fee his face: per-

adventure he will accept of mz. Gencjis,x%xn. 2.0.

AccEPTABi'i-iTY. n.f. Thc quality of

being acceptable. See Acceptable.

He hath given us his natural blood to be flied,
for the remiflion of our fins, and for the obtaining
the grace and acceptability of repentance.

Tayhr's tVcrthy Ccmmumcant.
Acce'ptable. adj. {acceptable, Fr. from
the Latin.] It is pronounced by fome
with the accent on the firlb fyllable, as
by Milton ; by others, with the accent
on the fecond, which is more analogical.
I. That which is likely to be accepted ;
grateful ; pleafing. It is ufed with the
particle to before the perfon accepting.

Thi:i wuman, whom thou niad'fl :o be my help.
And gav'rt me as thy perfefl gift, fo good.
So fit, fo acceptable, fo divine.
That fiom her hand I could expefi no ill.

Paradife LciJ}, b. ii.
I do not fee any other method left for men of
that funftion to take, in order to reform the
world, than by ufing all honell arts to make them-
fclves acceptable to the laity. Sivi/t.

After he had made a peace fo acceptable to the
church, and fo honourable to himfelf, he died with
an extraordinary reputation of fan3ity.

Addifon on Italy.

Acce'ptableness. n.f. [from accepi-

able.'\ The quality of being acceptable.

Itwill thereby take ivmy the acceflaileneji of thut

coijun£lion. Crew'' s Ccfmologia Sacra, b< ii. c. 2.

Acce'ptably. ai/'u. [from acceptai/e.]
In an acceptable manner ; fo as to
pleafe ; with the particle to. For the
accent, fee Acceptable.

Do not omit thy prayers, fur want of a good ora-
tory J for he that prayeth upon Cod's account,
cares not what he fuffers, fo he be the friend of
Chriil; nor where nor when he prays, fo he may
do it frequently, fervently, and acattablf, Taykr.
If you can teach them to love and rclpe^V other
pe tple, they will, as your age requires it, find
way s to cxprefs it acceptably to every one.

Locke on Education, § 145.
Acce'ptance. n.f. [^acceptance, Fr.]

1. Reception with approbation.

Ey that acceptance of his I'overeignty, they alfo
a cepteJ of his lawsj why then Ihould any other
laws now be ufed amongl^ them }

Spenjcr's Stale of Ireland,
If he tells us his noble deeds, we mud alfo tell
him our noble acceptance of them.

Sbakcfpeare's Coriolanui.
Thus 1 imbold^i'd fpake, and freedom us'd
Permi/five, and aitcplance found.

Paradife Lojf, ^. viil. A 43 5.

Some men cannot be foolswith fo good acceptance

as others. South's Xrrm^ns,

2. The meaning of a word as it is received
or underftood; acceptation is the word
now commonly ufed.

A C C

That pleafure is man's chiefeft gsod, becfufe
indeed it is the peixeption of good that is properly
pleafure, is an aifertionmoft certainly true, though,
under the common acceptance of it, not only falfe
but odious: for, according to this, pleafure ani
fenfuality pafs for terms equivalent; and therefore
he, who takes it in this fenfe, alters the fubjeft of
the difcourfc, South,

Acce'ptance. [inlaw.] Thc receiving
of a rent, whereby the giver binds him-
felf, for ever, to allow a former aft done
by another, whether it be in itfelf good
or not. Co'wel,

Accepta'tion. n.f. [Jrom. accept.]

1. Reception, whether good or bad. This
large fenfe feems now wholly out of ufe.

Vet, poor foul ! knows he no other, but that I
do fufpeft, negled^, yea, and deleft him -^ For,
every day, he finds one way or other to fet forth
himfelf unto me; but all are rewarded with like
coldnefs oi acceptation, Sidney, b, ii.

What is new finds better acceptation, than what
is good or great. Dcnbam's Sophy„

2. Good reception, acceptance.

Cain, envious of the acceptation of his brother's
prayer and facrifice, flew him ; making himfelf
the firft manflayer, and his brother the firft mar-
tyr. Raleigh's Hiftcry of the World, b. i.

3. The ftate of being acceptable ; regard.

Some things, although not fo required of necef-
fity, that, to leave them undone, excludeth from
falvation, are, nntwithftandirg, of fo great dig-
nity and acceptation with Cod, tliat moft ample
reward in heaven is laid up for them. Hooker^ b. ii*

They have thofe enjoymcnt^only as the confe-
qucnces of the ftate of efteem and acceptation they
are in with their parents and governours.

Locke on Education, § 5 J.

4. Acceptance in the juridical fenfe. This
fenfe occurs rarely.

As, in order to the pafling away a thing by gift,
there is required a furrcnder of all right on his part
that gives ; fo there is required alfo an acceptation
on his part to whom it is g'ven. South's Seiwoiis,

5. The meaning of a word, as it is com-
monly received.

Thereupon the earl of Lauderdale made a dif-
courfc upon the feveral queffions, and what ac-
ceptation thefe words and expreflions had.

Clarendon, b. viii»
All matter is either fluid or folid, in a large
acceptation of the words, that they may compre-
hend even all the middle degrees betwren extreme
fixednefs and coherency, and the moft rapid in-
teftinemotionof the particles of bodies. Boitl. Serf?;,

Acce'pter. a./, [from accept.] The per-
fon that accepts.

Acceptila'tion. n.f. [acceftilatio, Lat. J
A term of the civil law, importing the
remiflion of a debt by an acquittance
from the creditor, teftifying the receipt
of money which has never been paid.

Acce'ption. a. f. [acceptiort, Fr. from
ncceptio, Lat.] The received fenfe of a
word ; the meaning. Not in ufe.

That this hath been cliecmcu thc due .ind prd-
per acception of this word, 1 fhall teftify by one
evidence, which gave me the firft hint of this no-
tion. Hammond on Ft/rrdatnentals,

ACCE'SS. n.f. [In fome of its fenfes, it
leems derived from accefj'us ; in others,
from acccfjio, Lat. acces, Fr]

I. The way by which any thing ;nay be
approached.

The accefs of the town was only by a neck of
land. .Bacon,

There remained very advantageous aeC'fh for
temptations to enter and invade men, the fortifi-
cations being very fl-ndcr, little knowledge of im-
mo.'tality, or an; thing beyond tliis life, and no

alfurarvvfi

A C C

•ffuraace tlut rrptatance wouM be iJmitted Tor I
<in. Hammof^d on yundamntalu

And hrrt th* aceejt a gloomy grove defends {
And hrie th* unnuvigabic lake extendSi
H>'cr whofe unhappy waters, void of lights
'No bird prerames to (leer his airy flight.

Orjdrnt j^netd, vi,

i. The means, or liberty, of approaclung
either to things or men.
When we are wrong'd, and would unfold our
griefs,
We «re deny'd acf^i unto hii perfon«
£v'n by thofe men that moft have done us wrong.

Shah/pearc*
They go commiflion'd to require a peace,
And carry prefenti to procure «c^.

Drydcni ^neid, vii. /, tOg.
He grants what they befought j
InftruAed, that to Cod js ao-acceft
Without Mediator, whofe high office now
Mofcs in figsre bears.

Afilicn's Par, Lut, h.xi'i. l.ijg,

3. Encreafe, enlargement, addition.

The gold was accumulated, and (lore treafures,
for the moll part; but the filver is ftill growing.
Befides, infinite is the aectfi of territory and em-
pire ij tlie fame enterprise. Bacon.

Sot think fuperfluous their aid ;
I, from the influence of thy iooks, receive
jtcceji in every virtue ; in thy fight
Wore wife, more watchful, ftronger.

Paradije hufi, h. !x.
Although to opinion, there be many gods, may
fc::m an aueji in religion, and fucli js cannot at ail
confiH with athclfm, yet doth it dcduflivcly, and
upon inference, include the fame; for unit) is the
jnfcparable and eHential attribute of Deity.

Brii'wnt Vulgar ErrcurSf h, u f . 10.
The reputation
Of virtuous aftions paft, if not kept up
■With an accefs, and frei>. fupply, of new ones,
Is loft and loon forgotten. Daihant^s So/>hy, i

4. It is fometimes ufed, after the French,
to fignify the returns or fits of a diftem-
per j but this fenfe feems yet fcarcely
received into our language.

For as relapfes make difcafes.
More defperate than their firll accrffes. Itudihrat.
A'ccEssARiNESS. ». /. [froiB accejpxry.'\
The ftate of being acceflary.

Perhaps this will draw us into a negative accrf-
farirfefi to the mifchiefs. Dtcay cf Piety.

A'ccEstAHY, *dj. [A corruption, as it
feems, of the word acceffory, which fee ;
but now more commonly ufed than the
proper word.] 1 hat which, without
being the chief conllituent of a crime,
contributes to it. But it had formerly a
good and general fenfe.

As for thofe, things that are accejpiry hereunto,
thofe things that fo belong to the way of falvation,
&c. Il(ioktr,h,\\\,^ ■^,

He hath taken upon him the government o(
HuU, without any apprehenfion or imagination,
that it would ever make him aicijj'ary to rebellion.
C/arendon, h. viii.
Acce'ssible. aifj. [accejpbilii, Lat. ac-
ctjjible, Fr.] That which may be ap-
proached ; that which we may reach or
arrive at.

It is applied both to perfons and
thing.'v, with the particle tt.

Sonic lie more open to our fenles and daily ob-
fervation \ others are more occult and hidden,
and though accejfibUy '\n fome meafure, to our
fenfes, yet not without great fearch and fcrutiny,
or fome happy accident. HaJt'i Origin of Mankind,

Thofe things, which were indeeid inexplicable,
liave been rackt and tortured to difcover tbem-
felves, while the plainer and more acctffihie truths,
«s if defpicablc while caf^i ait clouded and ob-
jfcurc^. Dkoj of Piety,

A C C

Al an ifland, we are atceJUU oB every fide, and
expofed to perpetual invafions ; againft which it i<
impoflible to fortify ourfelvea fufficiently, without
a power at fea. Addifint Frteboldtr.

In converfation, the tempers of men are open and
tremble, their attention is awake, and their minds
difpofc-d to receive the ftrongeft impreffions ; and
what is fpnken is generally more affeding, and
more appofite to particular occafions. Rcgrrs.

Acce'ssion. »./ [acctj/!e. Lit, accejion,
Fr.]

1. Increafe by fomething added, enlarge^
ment, augmentation.

Nor could all the king's bounties, nor his own
large acccffom, raife a fortune to hi« heir ; but af-
ter vaft fums of money, and great wealth gotten,
he died unlamented. Clarendon.

There would not have been found the difference
here fct down betwixt the force of the air, when
expanded, and what that force (hould have been
according to the theory, but that the included inch
of air received fome little accejjion during the trial.
Boyle" i Spring &/* the j^ir.

The wifeft among the nobles began to appre-
hend the growing power of the people j and there-
fore, knowing what an accejjion thereof would ac-
crue to them, by fuch an addition of property,
ufed all means to prevent it> Sivift.

Charity, indeed, and works of munificence, are

the proper difcharge of fuch over-proportioned

accejiom, and the only virtuous enjoyment of tliem.

Rogirs^s Serm^ni.

2. The aft of coming to, or joining one's
felf to ; as, accejjion to a confederacy.

Befidc, what wile objeaions he prepares
Againft my late acciJJMn to the wars ?
Does not the fool perceive his argument
Is with more force againft Achilles bent }

Dryden'i Fah/ei.

3. The adl of arriving at ; as, the king's
accejfioH to the throne.

.A'ccfiSiORlLV. adv. \it<3sa accejjory .^ In

the manner of an acceflbry.
A'ccESSORY.flf^'. Joined to another thing,

fo as to increafe it ; additioaal.

In this kind there is not the leaft a£lion, but it
doth fomewhat make to the accejfory augmentation
ofourblifs. Hxkrr.

A'ccessory. h. /. \acce^oria!, Lat. ac-
cijfoire, Fr. This word, which had
anciently a general fignification, is now
almoft confined to forms of law.]

\. Applied to perfons.

A man that is guilty of a felonious ofl'ence, not
principally, but by participation ; as, by com-
mandment, advice, or concealment. And a man
may be acceijory to the offence of another, after
two forts, by the common law, or by ftarute : and,
by the common law, two ways alfo; that is, be-
fore or after the fatl. Before the rafl j as, when
one commandeth or advifeth another to commit a
felony, and is notprefentat the execution thereof;
for his prcfence makes him alfo a principal ; wheie-
fore there cannot be an acccjjory before the fa£l in
manftaughter ; becaufe manflaughtcr is fudden
and not prepcnfed. Accijjhry after the fadl, is,
when one receiveth him, wW>m he knoweth to
have committed leiony. A<ctjrory by ftatute, is
he that abets, counlels, or hides any man com-
mitting, or having committed, an offence made fe-
lony by ftatute. Cewel.

By the common law, the accijfories cannot be
proceeded againft, till tlie principal has received
his trial. SpenJ. Stale of JreUnd.

But paufe, my foul ! and ftudy, ere thou fall
On accidental joys, th^ effential.
Still before accejjbriei to abide
A trial, muft the principal be try'd. Dcnnt.

Now were all transform'^
Alike, to ferpents all, as aceeffirirt
To his bold riot. Milton' t P»r. t,^, h, X, U 510.

2. Applied to things.

A C C

An atttjforj it faid to b« that which it*» tlv
cede unto fome principal fad or tiling in law (
and, as fuch, generally fpeakiog, follows tlie rci-
foir and nature of its principal. Aylife,

A'cciDENCE. n. f. [a corruprion of^ /jr-
cidents, from accidentia, Latin.] The
little book containing the firft ru-
diments of grammar, and explaining
the properties of the eight parts of
fpeech.

I do confefs I do want eloquence.
And never yet did learn mine accidence.

Taylor the tTatrr-poet,
A'CCIDENT. n./, [accident, Lat.]

1. The property or quality of any being,
which may be feparated from it, atleafl
in thought.

If ftie were but the body's accident.
And her fole being did in it fubfift.

As white in fnow ihe might herfclf abfent,
And in the body's fubftance not be mif&'d.

Sir y. Dav'el.

An accidental mode, or an accident, is fuch a
mode as is not neceffary to the being of a thing ;
for the fubjeft may be without it, and yet remain
of the fame nature tliat it was before ; or it is that
mode which may be feparated or aboliftied from
its fubje£l. IVatti's Lo^ick,

2. In grammar, the property of a word.

Tile learning of a language in nothing elfe but
the informing of ourfelvei, what compufurei of
letters arc, by confent and inftitution, to fignify
fuch certain notions of things, with their nioda.
lities and accidents. H'ilderi Elements ofSpeccb*

3. That which happens unfbrefeen; ca-
fualty, chance.

General laws are like general rules in phyfick,
according whereunto, as no wife man will dclire
himfelf to be cured, if there be joined with his
difcal'c fome fpecial accident, in regard whereof,
that whereby others in the fame infirmity, but
without the like accident, recover health, w«uld
be, to him, either hurtful, or, at the leaft, un-
profitable. Hooker, b. v. ^ 9.

The flood, and other accidents of time, made
it one common field and pafture with the land of
Eden. Raleigh's Hifior/ of the World,

Our joy is tum'd
Into perplexity, and new amaze ;
For whither is he gone ? \f\sM accident
Hath rapt him from us ? Parajife Regained,

And trivial accidents Ihall be forborn.
That others may have time to uke their turn.

Dryden's Failet,

The reformation owed nothing to the good in-
tentions of king Henry. He was only an inftru-
mentof it (a« the logicians fpeak) by accident.

Sivift's Mijcellanies,

Accide'ntal. ft./, [accidental, Fr. See
ACCIDENT.] A property nonefTeii-
tial.

Conceive, as much as you can, of the efTentiaU
of any fubjed, before you confider its accidentals,
fVaits's Logick.
Accide'ntal. adj. [from accident.]

1. Having the quality of an accident,
nonefTential ; ufed with the p.irticle to,
before that in which the accident in-
heres.

A diftinflion is to be made between what
plcafcs naturally in itfclf, and what pleafcjs upon
the account of machines, atlors, dances, and
circumftances, which are merely accidental to the
tragedy, Rymer's Tragedies of the laft Age,

This it ecc'idental to a ftate of religion, and
tlierefore ought to be reckoned among the ordinary
difficulties of it. Tithtjan,

2. Cafual, fortuitous, happening by chance.

Thy fin's not accidental, but a trade.

Shakefpeare's Mcaf. fjr Mcaf,
So fhall you hear
01 tcddinltl jai^tMaf) cafual flaughteis ;

Of

A C C

Of deatht put on by cunning, and forc'd caufe.

Shakeff. Hdmlct.
Look upon things of the mod acddtual and
mutablf! nature; accidenlal in their produSion,
and mutable in their continuance ; yet God's
prefc'ence of them is as certain in him, as the
memory of them is, or can be, in us.

Smith' t Sc mors.

3. In the following paflage it feems to

flgmfy adiientitious.
Ay, luch a minifter as wind to fire,

Tha: adds an accidtntal fiercenefs to

Its narural fury. Dcnbam'% Sc;>h.

Accidentally, aJi>. [from accidental]

1. After an accidental manner ; noneffen-
tially.

Other points no lefs concern the Common-
wealth, though but accidentally depending U3 .n
the former. «>>«/«■•, St. :fir.l.

I conclude choler acciJetuaUy bitter, and acri-
monioui, but not in idilf. Harvey on Cmfum^tkns.

Z, Cafually, fortuitoufly.

Although virtuous men do fometimes acciJer
tally make their way to preferment, yet t'.ic
world is fo corrupted, that nu man can reafon-
»bly hope to be rewarded in it, merely upon ?c-
count of his virtue. Swift', MijccHanics.

Accide'ntalness. n./. [from acciden-
la/.] The quality of being accidental.

Acci PIENT. n./. [accipient, Lat.] A re-
ceiver, perhaps lometjmes ufed for re-
cipiint.^ j)jg

To Acci TE, -V. a. [accito, Lat.] To call,
to fomrnons ; a word not in ofe now.

Our coronation done, we will accit^,
(As I before x:.n:r.i'xt'i) all our ftate,
Ani (h'eavV, cwifi^r'-j to :- y good intents)
No pnnre, :jo peer, : t c^ufc £„ fj„

Hcav n ihjrtrn Ha: c 3^5 day.

AccLA iM,»./ [flfi^/owo, Lat. from which

n.^-„K;. Crftthe rerU-^f/a/w. jiwloli,

lenoon.] A (hout of praife,

jrfoitthypow'n, with load tfrt/dim,

.,-1 L . ■ ^''"'» P'r. Lofi, b. iii. /. ,07.
The herald end* ; the vaulted firmament
With loud acc:amt, and vaft applaufe, is rent.
. , t>ryd. FM,t.

ACCLAMA rioN. n.f. [acclamatio, Lat.]
Shouts of a;>plaufe ; fuch, as thofe with
which a viftorious army falutes the ge-
neral. °

It hath been the cuftom of Chriftian men, in
token of the gieater reverence, to «and, to utter
ceruin word* o{ atcUmatio,, and, at the name of
Jefus, to bow, 11,^1,^, i. V. ^ ig.

Gladly then he mix'd
Among thofe friendly pow'rs, who him teceiv'd
With joy, and acclamathm loud, that one,
That, of fo many myriads faU'n, yet one
Retum'd, not loft. Milt, farad. Left, i.vU l.zi
Such an encliantment is the.e in words, and

1 ?!,* "f ^'^f '' ''"'" '" '■<""«> to be ruined
plaufibly, and to be ulhered to their dcrtruaion
with paacg)nck and acclamation. South

AccLi'viTY. n.f. [from acclit-ut, Lat.]
The Ikepnefs or rtope of a line inclin-
ing to the horizon, reckoned upwards •
«, the afcent of an hill is the acc/intt/j]
the defcent is the declivity. P«/«A>.

The nien, leaving their wives and younger
children below, do, not without fome difficttltv,
clamber up the accli^itie,, dragging their kine
w.th them, whe-e ll«y feed them, aod milk
thew, and make butter and cheefe, and do all
.he *a,;y-work. Ray o„ th Crtat,.,,.

Accii vous. adj. {accli-vu,, Lat.] Rifinp
with a (lope. *■

Vol. L I

A C C

A C C

To Accto'r. v. a. [See CLOY.]

1. To fill up, in an ill fenfe ; to crowd, to
Huff full ; a word almoft obfolete.

At the well head the pureft ftreamsarife;
But mucky filth his branching arms annoys,
And with uncomely weeds the gentle wave arr/oyj.

'Fdi}y ^cen.

2. To fill to fatiety ; in which fenfe clov is
itill in ufe.

They that, efcapc bed in the temperate zone,
would be acchyid with long nights,' very tedious,
no lefs than forty days. Ray o-l the Creatim.

To Acco'iL. v. IT. [See Coil.] To
crowd, to keep a coil about, to buftle,
to be in a hurry: a word now out of
ufe.

About the cauldron many cooks accoiTd,
With hooks and hJles, as need did require ;
The while the viands in the veOel boil'd.
They did about their bufinefs fweat, and forely
'^"i''''- Tairi Suten.

A'ccOLENT. n.f. \accokns, Lat.] He that
ribabits near a place ; a borderer. Dia.
Acco'mmodable. adj. [accommodabilis,
Lat.] That which may be fitted ; widi
the particle to.

As there is infinite variety in the circumftances

of pe.f.ns, thing,, anions, times, and places; fo
we muft be furniihed with fuch general rulei a;
arc auommaMt to a';l this variety, by a wife judg-
ment and diforeti.n. WattC, Logici.

To ACCO'MMODATE. v. a. [acccm-
mcdo, Lat.]

1. To fupply with conveniencies of any
kind. It has tuiih before the thing,

1 hcie three,
The .eft io nothing ; with this word, ftand, flanj,
j1(ccmm,dalcj by the place (more charming
With rheirown noblenefs, which could haveturn'd
A diftaff to a lance), gilded pale looks.

Sbakcfp, CytnbcUre.

2. With the particle /<7, to adapt, to fit, to
make confiiient with.

He had altered many things, not that they
were not natural before, but that he might accom-
xKdait himfelf to the age in which he lived.

,_ . Dryden on Dramatic Poetry,

rmt hit ronfijrtune to li^bt upon an hypo-
thefis, that could not be acotr.modaiid to the na-
ture of things, and human aftliiis ; his principles
could not be made to agree with that conftitution
and order which God hatli fettled in the world.

3. To reconcile ; to adjuft what feems in-
confiftent or at variance ; to make con-
fillency appear.

Part know how to accomodate St. James and
St. Paul better than fome late reconcilers. Norri:.

To Acco'mmodate. f. n. To be con-
formable to.

They make the particular enfigns of the twelve
tribes accommodate unto tiie twelve figns of the
zodiac. n

»T • L r , . Brown.

Neither fort of chymifts have duly confidcred

how great variety there is in the textures and

confiftencics of compound bodies; and how little

the confiftince and duration of many of them

feem to accommodate and be explicable by the pro

pofed^ notion. Boyle; Sce/>t. Chym.

Acco'mmodate. adj. [accommodatut, Lat.]

Suitable, fit; ufed fometimes with the

particle/iir, but more frequently with to.

They are fo aftcd and directed by nature, as

to caft their eggs in fuch places as arc moft ac-

ccmmadate for the cxcluCon of their young, and

where there is food ready for them fo foon as they

be hatched. Ry on the Creation.

In thefe cafes we examine the why, the what,

and the how, of things, and ptopofc means ac-

ttmmodttt It ti>c end. VEJtran^c, ,

God did not primarily intend to appoint th!»
way of worfliip, and to impofe it upon them aj
that which was moft proper and agreeable to him,
but tliat he condefcended to it as moft accommodate
to their prefent ftate and inclination. Tillotfon.
Acco'mmodately. adv. [from accom-
modate.] Suitably, fitly.

Accommoda'tion. n.f. [ham accommit'
date.]

1. Provifion of conveniencies. •v,

2. In the plural, conveniencies, things re-
quifite to eafe or refrefhment.

The king's commiilioncrs were to have fuch
accommodations, a;; the other thought fit to leave t»
them ; who had been very civil to tlie king's
commiflioners. Clar.„don, b. yiii.

3. Adaptation, fitnefs ; vvith the particle /o.

Indeed that difputing phyfialogy is no accommo-
dation to your defignf, which are not to teach men
to cant endlefsly about ittateria and frma.

Glan-vilU's Scepfts*

The organization of the body, with accommoda-
tion to its funitions, is fitted with th: moft curious
mechanifm. //a/«i Origin.

4- Compofition of a difference, reconcili-
ation, adjulhnent.

Acco'mpanable. adj. [from accompany.'\
Sociable : a word now not ufed.

A (hiw, as it were, of ui accomparfable folita.
rincfs, and of a civil wildnefs. Sidney, b. i.

Acco'mpanier. »./ [from accompany.]
The perfoii that makes part of the com-
pany ; companion, Dia.

To ACCO'MPANY. -v. a. [accompagntr,
Fr.] To be with another as a compa-
nion, it is ufed both of perfons and
things.

Co vjfit her, in her chafte bower of reft,
Accompany'd with angel-like delights.

, Sfenfer, Sonnet iii.

The great bufinefs of the fenfe* being to ^lake

u: take notice of what hurts or advantages the

body, it is wifely ordered by nature, that pain

fhould accompany the reception of feveral ideas.

Ltcie.

As folly IS ufually accompanied with perverfc-

nefs, fo it is here. Stvift's Short yie-w of Ireland.

To Acco'mpany. 'v.n. To aflbciate with;
to become a companion to.

No maninrSccl doth accompany mth others
but he learneth, ere he is aware, fome gcfture*
voice, or faftiion. Bacon's Nat. Hi/lory',

Acco'mplice. »./. [complice, Fr. from
complex, a word in the barbarous Latin,
much in ufe.]

I. An aflbciate, a partaker, ufually in aa
ill fenfe.

There were feveral fcandalous reports induftri .
oudy fpread by Wood, and his accomplices, to dif-
courage all oppofition againft liis infamous projert.

Sivifi.

2. A partner, or to-operator j in a fenfe
indifferent.

If a tongue would be talking without a mouth,
what could it have done, when it had all it»
organs of fpccch, and accomplices of f<,und, about
''• . AddiJ'ontSpiaatorfti" zn_j.

3, It is ufed with the panicle to before a
thing, and •with before a perfon,

Childlefs Arturiua, vaftly rich before.
Thus by his lolfes multiplies his ftore,
Sufpedled for accomplice to the fire,
Th.it burnt his palace but to build it higher.

Dryd.Juii.'Sit.
Who, ftiould theyft^l for want of his rcliet
He judg'd himfelf flr«»i^/(« ■with the thief,

Diydcn't Fables.

To ACCOMPLISH. -J. a. [aaompUr, tr.
from coinpUo, Lat.]

D i.T«

A C C .

». To complete, to execute fully; as, to
atamflijb a dcfign.

He that U fir oft (hall die of the peftilence, and

lie that is near (hall fall by the fword, and he that

temaineth, and is befieged, (hall die by the fa-

mine. Thus will I eccimflifr my fury upon them.

Extkkl, vi. la.

». To complete a period of time.

He would accampli/h Icventy years in the defo-
lations of Jerulilcm. Danitl, ix. a.

3. To fulfil ; as, a prophecy.

The vifion,
Which I made known to Lucius ere the ftroke
Of this yet fcarce cold battJe, at this in(»ant '

Is full accmflijh'd. ShaUfra-t'i Cymhlint.

We fee every day thofe events eaaflly aaom-
pTilhtd, which our Saviour foretold at fo great a
diftance. , ^**''/°«-

4. To gain, to obtain.

Tell him from me (a» he will win my love)
He bear himfelf with honourable aftion ;
Such as he hath obferv'd in noble ladies
Unto their lords, by them aecomplilhtd.

_ Stakrjf. 7am. of a Sircw.

I'll make my lieaven in a lady's lap.
Oh miferable thought, and more unlikely.
Than to accompli/h twenty golden crowns.

'^•^ Hhakijf.litnryy

5. To adorn, or furnifh, either mind or
body.

From the tents
The armourers uctmfTtp'ing the knights.
With bufy hammers clofmg rivets up.
Give dreadful note of preparation. Shakefp. Htri, V.
Ac co'm p I, I s H E D . participial adj.

1. Complete in fome qualification.

For who cxpcfts, that, under a tutor, a young
gentleman Ihould be an ammflj/hiJ publick ora-
tor or logician. Ltcie.

2. Elegant ; finiftied in refpea of embel-
lifiiments ; ufed commonly of acquired

. qualifications, without including moral
excellence.

The next I took to wife,
O that I never had ! fond with too late.
Was in the valeof Sorec, Dallla,
That fpteious' nJon(Ver, my acccmfli/h'rl fnare.

Sam/on Agcn.

Acco'mplisher. n.f. [from accompliJh.'\

The pcrfon that accompliflies. DiSl.

Acco' a PLiSHUBKr. It./. lac<ompliJ~ement,

1 . Completion, full performance, perfec-
tion.

This would be the acccmpCi/hment of their com-
mon felicity, in cafe, by their evil, either through
<lcftiny or advice, they fuffered not the occ.ilion to
^( loft. Sir Jibn Hayward.

Thereby he might evade the aatmfl'^nur.t of
thofe affliftions he now but gradually end urcth.

BrtnvH^s Vulgar Errours.

He thought it impo(rible to (inJ, in any one
body, all thofe perfcSions which he fought for
the acitmflijimtnt of a Helena j becaufc nature,
In any individual ptrfon, makes nothing that is
perfed in all its parts. Drydm'i Dufrtjiry, Pre/.

2. Completion ; as, of a prophecy.

The miraculous fuccefs of th; apo.lles preach-
ing, and the acampliJhiKer.t of miny of their pre- •
i'ldt'ions, which, to thofe early Chriiiians, were
matters of fath only, are, to us, matters of figh:
and expetience. ^iitriury'tSirmoin.

3. Embelli(hm«nt, elegance, ornament of
mind or body.

Young heirs, and elder brothers, from their
cwn refleifling up.in theeftatestheya.e born to, and
therefore thinking all other accimplijhmntt unne-
celTary, arc iff no manner of ufc but to keep
op their families. Aldifin, Speftator, N" 123.

4. The a£l of obtaining or perfefting any
thing; attainment; completion.

A C C

The means fuggcfted by policy and worldly
wifdom, for the aitainmcnt of thofe earthly cn-
joymer.ts, are unfit for that purpofe, not only
upon the account of their infufficicr.cy for, but
alfo of their frequent oppofit'.on and contrariety
to, the aiccmplipmir.i of fucli ends. South' t Scrm.
Acco'mpt. It./. [Fr. compter And compte,
anciently accompier. Skinner.^ An ac-
count, a reckoning. See Account.

The foul may have time to call itfelf to a juft
accompt of all things paft, by means whereof re-
pentance is perfefled. Hotter, i.v. §46.

Each Cbriftmas they accanpn did dear;
And wound their bottom round the year. Pritr,
Acco'mptant. It./, [accomptant, Fr.] A
reckoner, computer. See Account-
ant.

As the accompt runs on, generally the accompt-
ant goes backward. Souib's Sermors.

Acco'mpting DAY. The day On which
the reckoning is to be fettled.
To whom thou much doll owe, thou much
maft pay;
Think on the debt againft th' accompt'wg day.

Sir J. Dnkam,

To ACCO'RD. f. a. [derived, by fome,
from corda, the firing of a mufical in-
ilrument, by others, from corda, hearts ;
in the firft, implying harmony, in the
other, unity.]

. To make agree ; to adjuft one thing to
another ; with the particle to.

The (irft fports the (hepherds (hewed, were full
of fuch leaps and gambols, as being accardeii to
the pipe which they bore in their mouths, even
as they danced, made a right piilure of their chief
god Pan, and his companions the fatyrs.

Siilnty, b.\.
Her hands accorded the lute's mufic to the voice;
her panting heart danced to the mufick.

Sidney, h. ii.
The lights and (hades, whofe well acardeJ ftrife
Gives all the (irength and colour of our life.

Pope's Epift.

2. To bring to agreement ; to compofe ;
to accommodate. ,

Men would not reft upon bare contrafts without
reducing the debt into a fpecialty, which created
much certainty, and acctrdtd many fuits.

Sir M. Hale.

To Acco'r D. f. n. To agree, to fuit one
with another ', with the particle w/VA.

1 hings are often fpoke, and feldom meant ;
But that my heart acccrdtth ivitb my tongue.
Seeing the deed is meritorious,
And to prefervc my fovereign from his foe.

ShaS^p.Hen.Vl
Several of the main parts of Mofcss biftory, as
concerning the flood, and the (irft fathers of the
fcve:al nations of the world, do very well acctr.i
ivith the mod ancient accounts of pmfane hiliory.
Till tfon. Sermon i.
Jarring int'refts of themfelves create
Th" accorditg mufick of a well-mixt (late. Pope.
Aoco'r-D. n./. [accord, Fr.]
I. Acompaft; an agreement ; adjuftment
of a difference.

There was no means for him to fatisfy all
obligations to God and man, but to ofler himfelf
for a mediator of an accord and peace between
them. Bacon's Hen, VII.

If both are fatisfy'd with this accord.
Swear by the laws of knighthood on my fword.

Dryd. Fat.

z. Concurrence, union of mind.

At laft fuch grace I found and means I wrought,
That I that la 'y to my Ipoufe had won,

Accord of friends, confent of parents fought,
Affiance made, my happincfs begun.

Spenfir's Fairy Sheer.
. They gathered tlicniiyvcs together, to fight

A C C

with Tofliua and Urael, with one eccorj.

•■ Jtpua, IX. 1.

Harmony, fymmetry, juft correfpond-
ence of one thing with another.

Beauty is nothiii^ clfc but a juft acard and mu-
tual harmony of the members, animated by a
healthful conftitution. Drydm't Dujrejnoj, Pre/.

. Mufical note.

Try, if there were in one ftceple two bells of
unifon, whether the ftriking of the one would
move the other, mire than If it were another
accord. Bacons Natural Hljlorj, No 281.

We muft not blame Apollo, but his lute.
If falfe accords from her diit fttings be fent.

Sir y. Daviet.

. Oxvn accord ; voluntary motion : ufed
both of perfons and things.

Ne Guyon yet fpal^e word.
Till that they came unto an iron door.
Which to them open'd of its own accorr!.

ta'ry Stuetn.
Will you blaxe any man for doing that of hia
own accord, which all men (hmld be compelled to
do, that are not willing t th.mfelvea. Hocier.
All animal fubftance.-, eipofed to tlie air, turn
alkaline of their f wn accord; and fome vegetables,
by heat, will not turn acid, but alkaline.

jlrbuthnit en Arimcr.ls.

in fpeaking, correfpondent to

6. Aftion
the words.
Titus, I am come to talk with thee. —

No, not a word: how can I grace my talk,

Wanting a hand to give it that accord?

Sbate/p. Titus And.
Acco'rdance. n./. [from accord.]

1 . Agreement with a perfon ; with the
particle iMith.

And prays he may in long accordance bide,
With that great worth which hath fuch wonder*
wrought. Fairfax, h.'n.Jlan*ab%'

2. Conformity to fomething.

The only way of defining of fin, is, by the con-
trariety to the will of God ; as of good, by the
accordance vntl) that will.

Hammond's Fundamentals.

Acco'rdant. adj. [accordant, Fr.] Wil-
ling ; in a good humour. Not in ufe.

1 he prince difcovered that he loved your niece,
and meant to acknowledge it this night in a dance;
and, if he found her accordant, he meant to take
the prefent time by the top, and inftantly break
with you of it. Skakefp. Muck ado ahout Nothing.
Ac co' R D I N c . prep, [from accord, of which
it is properly a participle, and is there-
fore never ufed but with to.]
. In a manner fuitable to, agreeably to,
in proportion.

Our churches are places provided, that the peo-
ple might there alTemble themfelves in due and
decent manner, according to their feveral degrees
and orders. Hooker, h. v. ^ 13.

Our leal, then, (houlJ be according to know-
ledge And what kind of knowledge ? Witli ut
all queftion, firft, according to the true, faving,
evangelical knowledge. It (liould be according to
the gofpcl, the whole gcfpel : not only according to
its truths, but precepts : not only according to its
fiee grace, but necelTary duties : not only accord-
ing to its mjfteries, but alfo its commandments.

Sprat's Sermtm.

Noble is the fame that is built on candour and
ingenuity, according to thofe beautiful lines of Sir
John Denham. Addijon, Sptaalor.

1. With regard to.

God made all things in number, weight, and
meafure, and gave them to be confidercJ by us ac-
tording to thefe propeities, which are inherent in
creatcJ beings. Hc:dcr en Time,

3. In proportion. The following phrafe
is, I think, vitious.

A man may, with prudence and a good con-
fclencc, approve of the profeiTed principles of one

patty

A C C

party more than the other, according as he thinks J
they bell piomotc the good of church and ftate.

Sivlft'i Church tf England Man.

Acco'roinclv. aJ'v. [from accon/.] A-
greeably, faitably, conformably.

As the a'Sions ot men are of fundry diilmft
kinds, fo the laws thereof -oiuft accori'wg'.y be dif-
tinguiihed. Ho'.kcr, b.i.

Sirrib, thou'rt faid to have a ftubborn fouf.
That apprehends no fuit'ier than this world;
And ftjuar'U thy life accord n^fy.

Shakilp. Mcufurefor Meaj.
Whoever is fo aflTuted of the authuricy and f:nk
of fcrirture, as to believe ths doSriae of it, and
to live acccjdinglyt fliall be laved.

TilUtfon's Prifacc.

Mealy fubftances, fermented, turn four. Ai-

cordinglj, given to a weak child, they dill retain

their future; fot bread will give them the cholit.

Arbutbnor en AHmcnts.

To ACCO'ST. -v. a. \accofttr, Fr.] To
fpcik to firft ; to addrefs ; to falute,

Vou millake. knight : a.-ct/? her, front her,
board her, woo her, alTail her.

Sbakfj'ftare'l Tvjelfth Night.
At length, ciiUcaing ail his ferpent wiles,
Witii foothmg words renew d, him thus accoSs.

Paraa. Reg,
I firft aca^-d him : I fu'd, I (ought,
Aod, with a loving force, to Phencus brought.

Dryd. j'Ene'td.

Acco'sTABLE. <i<^'. [from flffo/?.] Eafyof
accefs ; familiar. Not in ufe.

They were both indubitable, ftron^-, and high-
minded men, yet of fwect and accnjiahU nature,
almod equally del ghting in theprefsand affluence
of d'pendents and fultors. yf^atsn.

ACCO'UNT. n. f. [ftom the old French
accomft, from computui, Lat. it was ori-
ginally written accimpt, which fee ; but,
by gradually foftening the pronuncia-
tion, in time the orthography changed
to account. \

.1. A computation of debts or expences ; a
regifter of facts relating to money.
At many tJm^s I brought in m^ a.aui.tj^
Laid them before you ; you would threw them off,
And fay you found them in mine honefly.

Shakcfp. Timcn.
When my young mader has once got the ikill
of keeping accounti (which is a bulincfs of rear>n
more than arithmetic) i>erhaps it will not be amlfs,
that his father frj;n thenceforth require him to do
it in all his concernments. Lacke on Educ.

2. The ftate or refult of a computation ;
as, the acccunt ftands thus between us.

Behoid this have 1 fnund, faith the Preacher,
counting or.e by one, to Bnd out the acatint.

EcclefipJIkus, vii. 17.

3. Such a ftateofperfons or things, as may
make them more or lefs worthy of being
confidered in the reckoning. Value, or
ellimation.

For the care that they toik for their wives and
their children, their brethren and kinsfolks, was
in leafl iictuni with them : but the greatell and
principal fear was fur the holy temple.

z Maccah. xv, 1 1.

That good affcAion, which things of fm.Tller ar-
ttutt have once fet on work, is by fo much the
more calily raifed higher. Hocker, h. v. ^ 35.

1 fliould make more account of their judgment,
who arc rnen of fenfe, and yet have never touched
a pencil, than of the opinion given by the grcatcO
part of painters. Dryden^t D.'ijrrfr.

4. Profit ; advantage ; to /«r« to account
is to produce advantage.

We wouiJ eftablifl) our fouls in fuch a folid and
fubftintial virtue, as will turn to aacuni in that
great day, when it mull Hand the tc!l of infinite
wifdom and juflicc. Add, Sji{l, N^ 399.

A C C

. Dlftlnflion, dignity, rank.

There is fuch a peculiarity in Homer's manner
of apostrophizing Eumaus: it is generally applied,
by that poet, only to men v^ account and diftinc-
ti'on. Pope's OdylTey; *.'«.

. A reckoning verified by finding the va-
lue of a thing equal to what it was ac-
counted.

Confidering the ufual motives of human aflions,
which are pleafure, profit, and ambition, I cannot
yet comprehend howthofe pcrfons find theirarroir:;
in any of the three. Swift.

. A reckoning referred to, or fum charg-
ed upon any particular peribn ; and
thence, figuratively, regard; confidera-
lion ; fake.

If he hath wronged thee, or oweth thee aught,
put that on my account, Philemon, i. S,

This mull be always remembered, that liothiiig
can come into the account .>f recreation, that is not
done with delight. Liciecn Education, ^ 197.

In matters vvlierc his judgment led him to op-
pofe men on a public acccunt, he would do it vigo.
roufly and heartily. jitierhury's Seimoia.

The afTertion is cur Saviour's, though uttered
by him in the perfon of Abraham the father of the
faithful; who, on the <rri rant of that charafler, is
very fitly introduced. Attcrbury.

Thele tribunes kindled great dilTenfions between
the nobles and the commons, on the account of Co-
riolanus, a nobleman, wh^m the latter had im-
peached. Stvifi's Conlcfti in Athens and Rome,

Nothing can recommend itfelf to our love, on

any other account, but either as it promotes our

prefent, or is a means to alTurc to us a future Iiap-

pinefs. Rogers, Sermon v.

Sempronius gives 00 thanks on this account,

j^'dJifontCato,

J. A narrative, relation ; in this ufe it
may feem to be derived from cenie, f i .
a tale, a narration.

J. The review or examination of an affair
taken by authority ; as, the magiftrate
took an account ot the tumult.

Therefore is the kingdom of heaven likened
onto a certain king, which would take acccuni of
his fervants ; and when he had begun to reckon,
one was brought unto him, which owed him ten
thoufand talents. Matt, xix. 23, 24.

10. The relation and reafons of a tranfac-
tion given to a perfon in authority.

What need we fejr who knows it, when none
can call our power f) accour.t ? '

Shitkefpiare'i Macbeth,

The true ground of morality tan only be tlie
will and law of a Cod who fris men in the dark,
has in his hands rewards and punilhments, and
power enough to call to account the proudell offen-
der. Lccki,

11. Explanation; aflignment of caufes.

It is eafy to give account, how it comes to pafs,
that though all men defire bappinefs, yet their wills
carry them fo contrarily. Locke,

It being, in our author's arroonr, a right acquired
by begetting, to rule over thofc he had begotten, it
Wis not a power poflible to be inherited, becaufe
the right, being confequcnt to, and built on, an aft
perfedlly perfonal, made that power fo too, and
impoHible til be inherited. Locke,

iz. An opinion previoufly eftablinied.

Thefc were detigned to join with the forces at
fra, there being prepared a number of fiat-bo!tomed
boats to tranfport the land forces under the wing
of the great navy : for they made no account, but
that the navy Hiould be abfolutely mafter of the
fcas. Baccn't Conftdcrations on War luiib Spain,

A prodigal young fellow, that had fold his
clothes, upon the fight of a fwallow, made account
that fummerwas at band, and away went liis fliirt
too. L'Efirange, Fab, cxxvii.

13. The reafons of any thing colleftcd.
Being convinced, upon all account!) that tbey

A C C

had the fame reafon to believe the hiftoryof our

Saviour, as that of any other perfon to which they
themfelves were not aftually cye-witneffcs, they
were bound, by all the rules of hiftorical faith, and
of right reafon, to give credit to this billory.

Addifon,

14. In law.

Account is, in the common law, taken for a writ
or adion brought againft araan, that, by means of
office or bufincl's undertaken, is to render an <if-
ccunt unto anothe'r ; as a bailiff toward hismiiftcr,
a guardian to his ward. C-tvcf,

To Acco'uNT. -v, a. [See ACCOUNT.]

1 . To efteem, to think, to hold in opinion.

That alfo was accounted a land of giants. De/it.

2. To reckon, to compute.

Neither the motion of the moon, whereby
months are computed, nor the fun, whereby years
are accounted, conCfteth of who'e numbeis.

Bronvn's Vulgar Errours,

3. To affign to, as a debt ; with the parti-
cle to.

For fome years really accrued the yearly fum of
two hundred thoufand pounds to the king's cofi'er* :
and it was, in truth, the only projcdl that was ac-
counted to his own I'ervice. Clarendon,

4. To hold in efteem ; with of.
Silver was nothing accounted of in the days of

Solomon. • - Chrtin.

ToAcco'uNT. 1/. a.

1. To reckon.

The calendar months are likewlfe arbitrarily
and unequally fettled by the fame power; by
which months we, to this day, account, and they
meafure and make up, that which we call the Ju-
lian year. Holder on Time.

2. To give an account, to aflign the caufes ;
in which fenfe it is followed by the par-
ticle/t/r.

If any one (hould a(k, why our general conti-
nued fo eafy to the lad ? I know no other way to
account for it, but by that unmeafurable love of
wealth, which his bell friends allow to be his pre-
dominant paffion. Swift,

3 . To make up the reckoning ; to anfwer ;
withyir.

Then thou flialt fee him plung'd, when lead he
fears.
At once accounting for his deep arrears.

Vryd. fu-u. Sat. xiii.
They have no uneafy prefages of a future reckon-
ing, wherein the pleafures they now talle mud be
accounted for; and may, perhaps, he outweighed
by the pains which fliall tiien lay hold of them.

Alteibury's SermoK',

4. To appear as the medium, by which
any thing may be explained.

Such as have a faulty circulation through the
lungs, ought to eat very little at a time; becaufe
the increafe of the quantity of frelh chyle mtill
make that circulation Hill more uneafy ; which.
Indeed, is the cafe of confumptivc and fome afih-
matic perfon', and accounts for the fymptoms they
are troubled with after eating.

Arbuthnot on Aliment!.
Acco'uNTABLE. «<^'. [from «CfO«»/.] Of
whom an account may be required ; who
mult anfwer for : followed by the parti-
cle te before the perfon, and_/ir before
the t'hing.

Accountable to none.
But to my confciencc and my God alone.

Oldham,
Thinking themfelves excufed from (landing
upon their own legs, or being accountable for their
own condufl, they very feldom trouble themfelves
with enquiricf^, Locke on Education,

The good magiftrate will make no diftinftion ;
fir the judgment is God's; and he will look upon
himfelf as accountable at bis bar for the equity of
it, Attcrbury's Sermons,

Accot/'Nt ANT,<ti^'. [ftom account.} Ac-
D z countable

A C C

countable to; refponfible for. Not in
ul'e.

His offence is To, as it appurs
jtcamnttnt n the law upon tiiat pain.

Stakrff,. Mtaf.fvMiaf.
I love her too,
Not out oribfolute lull (though, peradventure,
J ftand acccuntant for as great a Tin)
But partly led to diet iry revenge.

Sbaifffeari'i Othtlls.

Acco'uNTANT. n. /. [See Accompt-
ANT.] A computer ; a man fciUcd or
employed in accounts.

The different compute ef divers dates ; thefliort
and irieconcilcable years of fome ; the exceeding
crrour in the natural frame of others ; and the
falfc deduAiona of ordinary orrwnr^nfi in molt.

Brown^s Vulgar Erroun,

Acco'uNT-BOOK. »./ A book Contain-
ing accounts.

1 would endeavour to comfort myfelf upon the
• lofs of friends, as I do upon the lofs of money ;
by turning to my account-book, and feeing whether
I have enough left for ray fupport. Sivifl.

Acco'dnting. n.f. [from account.] The
aft of reckoning, or making up of ac-
counts.

This method faithfully obfenrcd, muft keep a
man from breaking, or running behind-hand in
his fpiritual eftatej which, without frequent af-
(luitiing), he will hardly be able to prevent.

Sourb*t Sermons*
To Acco'uPLE. -v. a. [accoufler, Fr.] To
join, to link together. We now nfe
couple.

He fent a folemn embaflage to treat a peace
and league with the king; accoupimg it with an
article in the nature of a requeft.

Bacon's HcirjWl.

Tfl Acco'uRACE. f. a. [Ofafolete. See
Courage.] To animate.

That forward pair ihe ever would alTuage,
When they would ftrive due reafon to exceed ;

But that fame /roward twain vouM accouragi.
And of her plenty add unto her need.

Fairy Sluten, i. ii. c. 2.

To Acco'uRT. -v. a. [See To COURT.]
To entertain with courtfhip, or courtefy ;
a word now not in ufe.

Who all this while were at their wanton reft,
.^ccourting each her friend with lavirti feaft.

Fairy f^een.

To ACCOTTTRE. t,. a, laccouirer, Fr.]
To drefs, to equip.

Is it for this th«y ftujy ? to grow pale.
And niifs the plealurcs of a glorious meal f
For this, in rags accculred are they feen.
And made the May-game of the public fpleen ?

Dryden.

Acco'vrKEMEitT.ft./,[acecu/remeat,'Fr.]
Drefs, equipage, furniture relating to
the perfon ; trappings, ornaments.

I profefs requital to a hair's breadth ; not ojjly
in tht finr.plc office of love, but in all the accc-iire-
metst, complement, and ceremony of it.

Sbair/fearc's Merry If^mcs of lyinjfor.

Chtiftianity is loft among them in the trappings
and accoutrctncnrs of it; with which, infteid of
adorning religirm, they have ftrangelj difguifed it,
and quite ftifled it in the crowd of external rites
and ceremonies. Tillotfin, Sermon xxviii.

I have feen the pope officiate at St^ Peter's,
■where, for two hours tog':ther, he was bufied in
putting .in or off his different accoulrmntt, accord-
ing to die different parts he was to aft in them.
AeUlfon, Sfeaaii-T, N" 201.

How gay with all th' accoulrcmenis of war.
The Britons come, with gold well-fraught thev
come. p/,i/,

ACCRETION. »./ [accreii,, Lit.] The

A C C

a£l of ^rmving to another, fo ai to in-

creafe it.

Plants do nourifli ; inanimate bodies do not :
they have an accretion, but no alimentation.

Bac.ns Am. Hft. N" 6c2.

The charges feem to be eftcdcd by the exhaling
of the mo'fture, which may leave the tinging cor-
pufcles more denl'e, and fomcihing augmented by
the accretion of the oily and earthy parts of that
moifture. Nrwt'jn^s Ofttict,

Infants fupport abftinence worft, from the quan-
tity of aliment confumcd \r\ accretion,

Arhuthnot or Aliments.

Accre'tive. adj .[ftomaccretion.] Grow-
ing ; that which by growth is added.

if the motion be very (low, we perceive it not :
we have no fenfe of the accreiite motion of plants
and animals : and the fly fliadow fteals away upon
the dial; and the quickelt eye can difcover no
more but that it is gone. Glanville's Scepjis.

To ACCRO'ACH. -v. a. [accrocher, Fr.]
To draw to one as with a hook ; to gripe ;
to draw away by degrees what is ano-
ther's.

Accro'achment. tt.f. [ftom accroach.l
The aft of accroaching. DiS.

To ACCRU'E. "J. n. [from the participle
accru, formed from «f<Tc;/n», Fr.]

1. To accede to, to be added to ; as, a
natural produftion or efFeft, witliout any
particular refpeft to good or ill.

The Son of God, by his incarnation, hath

changed the manner of that perfonal fubfiftence ;

no alteration thereby accruing to the natu re of God .

Hooker, h. v. § 54.

2. To be added, as an advantage or im-
provement, in a fenfe inclining to good
rather than ill ; in which meaning it is
more frequently ufed by later authors.

From which compaft there ariling an obligation
upon every one, fo to convey his meaning, there
accrues alfo a right to every one, by the fame (igns,
to judge of the fenfe or meaning of the perfon fo
obliged to exprefs himfelf. Souths Sermons.

Let the evidence of fuch a particular miracle be
never fo bright and clear, yet it is ftill but particu-
lar ; and muft therefore want that kind of force,
that degree of influence, which accrues to a land-
ing general proof, from its having been tried or
approved, and confented to, by men of all ranks
and capacities, of all tempers and interefis, of all
ages and nations. Atterhury^s Sermons.

3. To append to, orarife from : as, an ill
confequence ; this fenfe feems to be lefs
proper.

His fcholar Arlftotle, as in many other parti-
culars, folikewifeinthis, did juftlyoppofcThim, and
"became one of the authors ; choofing a certain be-
nefit, before the hazard that might accrue from
the difrefpefts of ignorant pcrfons. Wilkins.

4. In a commercial fenfe, to be produced,
or arife ; as, profits.

The yearly benefit that, out of thofe his works,
accruetb to hermajefty, amounteth to one thoufand
pounds. Carcw^s Surv.

The great profits which have accrued to the duke
of Florence from his free port, have fet feveral of
the ftates of Italy on the fame fubjeft.

Addifon on Italy.

5. To follow, as lofs ; a vitious ufe.

The benefit or lofs of fuch a trade accruing to
the government, until it comes to take root in the
nation. Temp/e's Mifc.

Accuba'tion. n.f. [from «cfa*o, to lie
down to, Lat.] The ancient pofture of
leaning at meals.

It will appear, that aecukati^n, or lying down at
meals, was a gefture ufcd by very many nations.
Brcion^s yul^ar Errotirs,

T» Accu'.UD. 11. «. [<j«»«^o, Lat.] To

A C C

lie at the table, according to the ancient
maimer. Di3.

Accu'mbent. adj. \_accumbeni, Lat.]
Leaning.

The Roman recumbent, or, more properly, ac-
cumieni poftute in eating, was Introduced alter the
fird Punic wjr. Arhutbnot on Cans.

To ACCU'MULATE. f . a. [from accu-
mule, LaM] I'o heap one thing upon an-
other ; to pile up, to heap together. It
is ufed either literally, as, to accumulate
money ; or figuratively, as, to accumu-
late merit or wickednefs.

If thou doft (lander her, and torture me,
Never pray more ; abandon all rcmorfc;
On horrors head horrors accumulate ;
For nothing canft thou to damnation add.

Sbakejp. Otbttto.
Crulht by imaginary treafons weight.
Which too much merit did accumulate.

• Sir yobn Denbam*

Accumula'tion, tt.f. [from accumu-
late.]

1 . The aft of accumulating.

One of my place in Syria, his lieutenant.
For quick accumulation of renown.
Which he atchiev'd by th' minute, loft his favour.
Sbakefpearis Antony and Cleopatra^

Some, perhaps, might othcrwife wonder at fuch
an aciumulatiin of benefits, like a kind of embroi-
dering, or lifting of one favour upon anotlier.

2. The ftate of being accumulated.

By the regular returns of it in fome people, and
their freedom from it after the morbid matter it
exhaufted, it looks as there were regular accu-
mulations and gatherings of it, as of other hu-
mours in the body. Arhutbnot on Diet,
Accumula'tive. aJj. [from accumu-
late.]

1. That which accumulates.

2. That which is accumulated.

If the injury meet not with meeknefs, it then
acquires another accumulative guilt, and (Unds
anfwcrable not only for its own pofitive ill, but
for all tlie accidental, which it caufes in the fuf-
fcrcr. Government of tbe Tongue*

Accumula'tor. tt.f. [from accumulate.]
He that accumulates ; a gatherer or
heaper together.

Injuries may fall upon the paflive man, yet,
without revenge, there would be no broils and
quarrels, the great accumulators and multipliers of
injuries. Decay of Piety,

A'ccuRACY. »./. [accuratio,'L2.t.] Ex-
aftnefs, nicety.

This perfcil artifice and accuracy might have
been omitted, and yet they have made (hift to
move. Mort,

Quicknefs of imagination is feen in the inven-
tion, fertility in the fancy, and tbe accuracy in
the exprelfiun. Drydtx,

The man who hath the ftupid ignorance, or
hardened effrontery I to infult the revealed will of
God ; or the petulant conceit to turn it into ridi-
cule ; or the arrogance to make his own per-
feiltions the mcalure of the Divinity ; or, at beft,
that can collate a text, or quote an authority,
with an infipid accuracy ; or demonftrate a plain
ptopofition, in all formality; thefe now are the
only men worth mentioning. Dclatrj,

Wc confider the uniformity of the whole de-
fign, accuracy of the calculations, and (kill in re-
ftoring and comparing paO'ages of ancient au-
thors. Arhutbnot on Coins^

A'CCURATE. adj, [accuratus. Lat.]

1 . Exaft, as oppofcd to negligence or ig-
norance, applied to pcrlbns.

2. Exaft, without defeat or failure, ap-
plied to things.

No

A C C

A C C

ACE

No m«n living has made more aeewau tri-
als than Reaumurc, that brighteft ornament of

France.

3. Detern^iate ; precifely fixed.

Oljon.

Thole conceive the celef^ial bodies have more
accurate influences upon thefe things below, than
indeed they have but in grof.. Bacon,

A'ccuRATELV. Wi'. \_{Tom accurate.'^ In
an accurate manner ; exaifily, without
errour, nicely.

Tlie fine ot' incidence is either accurately, or
very nearly, in a given ratio to the fine of refrac-
tion. Ncwiii:.

That all thefe didances, motions, and quan-
tities of matter, ihould be fo accurately and
harmonioufly adjufted in this great variety of cur
fyllem, is above the fortuitous hitsof blind matrriul
caufes, and mufl certainly flow from that eterna.
fountain of wifdom. Bctttlry.

A'ccuR ATENESS. 11./. [itOBX occuraie.]
Exaftnefs, nicety.

But I'cmetimc after, fufpefting that in making
this obfervation 1 had nut determined the diame-
ter of the fphtrc with fu£cient accurater^fs, I re-
peated tiie experiment. N^nvton.

To Accv'rse. 'V. a. [See Curse.] To
doom to mifery ; to invoke mifery upon
any one.

As if it were an unlucky comet, or as if God
had fa accurjtd it, that it ihould never ihine to
give light in things concerning our duty any way
towards him. Htj'.kcr.

When Hildebrand accurfed and cart down from
his throne Henry IV. there were none fo hardy as
to defend their lord. Sir Walter Raliigh'i E£'ays.

Accu'rsed. fart. adj.

1, That which is curled or doomed to
mifery.

•Tis the moft certain fign the world's accurfi.
That the bed things corrupted are and word.

Drvbam.

2. That which deferves the curfe ; ex-
ecrable ; hateful ; detcKable ; and, by
confequence, wicked ; malignant.

A fwift blefling
May foon rettirn to this our luffcring country,
Under a hand accurt'd ! Sbakr'peare^t Machetb.
The chief part of tiie mifc,-y of wicked men,
and thofe accurfed fpiritn, the devi's, is this, that
they are of a difpofition contrary to God. Titiotjvn.
They, like the feed from which they (prung,
ttccurjiy
Againll the g >ds immortal hated nurO. Dryrlrn.
Accu'sABLE. adj. [fromtlie verb aecuji.]
That which may be cenfured ; blame-
able ; culpable.

There would be a manifed defeat, and Nature's
improvition were juftly accufai/e -, it animals, fo
fubjc^ unto difeafes from bilious caales, ihould
want a proper conveyance for chnler.

Sroivii'i Vulgar Errourt.

Accdsa'tiok. n./. [(rom accu/e.']

1. The aft of accufing.

Ihus they in mutual accujatioti fpent
The fruidefi hours, but neither felf- condemning.
And of their vain contcft appear'd no end. M'lli'^n,

2. The charge brought againft any one
by the accufer.

You read
Thefe acrufaihns, and thefe grievous crimes
Committul by your perfoo, and your followers.

Hhakefpeare.
Ail accujatiiti, in the very nature of the thing,
Aiil fuppofing, and being founded upon fome law :
frr where there is no law, there can be no tinnf-
greflion ; and where there can be no tranfgrefiijn,
1 am furc there ought to be no accufatien.

South,

3. [Ill the fenfe of the courts.] A decla-
jation of ibme crime preferred before a

competent judge, in order to infli£l fome
judgment on the guilty perfon.

Ayliff'e^s Parergon.
Accu'sATiVE. a<?Jr'. [accuj'atii'us, La.t.] A
term of grammar, fignifying the rela-
tion of the noun, on which the adlion
implied in the verb terminates.
Accu'sATORY. adj. [from accii/i.'\ That
which produceth or containeth an accu-
fation.

In a charge of adultery, the accufer ought to
fet forth, in the accu/atory libel, fome certain and
definite t'mc. Ayl'iffe.

To ACCU'SE. -v. a. [accu/o, Lat]

1. To charge with a crime. It requires
the particle 0/ before the fubjedl of ac-
cufation.

He ftripp'd the bears-foot of its leafy growth j
And, calling wcftcrn winds, accused the fpring of
floth. Drydeni Virgil,

The profcfibrs are accufcd cfM the ill prafljccs
which may (zzai to be the ill confequenccs of their
principles. Addijon.

2. It fometimes admits the particle_/or.

Never ftrnd up a k*g of a fowl at fupper, while
there is a cat or dog in the houfe, that can be ac-
cused f,.r run.iing away with it : But, if there
happen to be neither, you mutt lay it upon the rats,
or a llrange greyhound. Sviift,

3. To blame or cenfure, in oppofition to
applaufe or jullification.

'I'heir CDnfcieiiCe bearing witnefs, anJ their
thoughts the mean while accujing or elfe exculing
one another. Rem. ii. i 5.

Your valour would your floth too much accujc,

And therefore, like the;jfelves, they princes choofe.

VrydttCi Tyravrick Love.

Accv'sER. n. /. [from accuji,'] He that
brings a charge againft another.

There are fome perfons forbidden to be accuftrs,
on the fcore of their fex, as women ; others, of
their age, as pupils and infants ; others, Ujmn the
account of fome crimes committed by them ; and
others, on the fcore of fome filthy lucre they pro-
pofe to gain thereby j others, on the fcore of their
conditions, 3i libertines againli their patrons ; and
others, through a fufpicion of calumny, as having
once already given falfe evidence ; and, lailly,
others on account of their poverty, as not being
worth more than fifty aurei, Ayliffci Parcrgon,

—That good man, who dracic the pois'nous
draught,
With mind ferene, and could not wifli to fee
His vile accufer drank as deep as he. Drydcn.

If the perfon accufed maketh his innocence
plainly to appear upon his trial, the accufer is im-
mediately put to an ignominious death J and, out
of his goods and lands, the innocent perfon is
quadruply recompenfed. Guirrvers Travels,

To ACCU'STOM. t/. a. [acautumer, Fr.J
To habituate, to enure, with the par-
ticle to. It is ufed chiefly of perfons.

How fhali we breathe in other air
Lefs pure, accufiivt'd to immortal fruits ? Milton.
It iias been fome advantage to accuflitn one's
felf 10 books of the fame edition.

fVatts's Itnfrmemnt of the Mind-
To Acc'oSTOM. 11. /r. To be wont to do
any thing. Obfolete.

A boat over-freighted funk, and all drowned,
fav'ng one woman, that in her firft pepping up
again, which moft living things accuficjm, got holj
of the boat. Corciv,

Acco'sTOMAELE. adj. [from accujfom.l
Of long cuftom or habit j habitual,
cuftomary.

Animjls even of the fame original, extraftion,
and fpecies, may be divcrufied by accufiomabk re-
Hdeiicc Ul one clitnacc, from what they are in ano-
ther. Halt i Origin of Mankind.

adv. According to

AcCu'sTOMABLY.

cuftom.

Touching the king's fines accufiomahly paid for
the purchafing of writs original, I find no certain
beginning of them, and do therefore think that
they grew up with the chancery.

Bacon's Alienatien*
Accu'sTOMANCE. tt.f. \accoutumance, Fr.J
Cuftom, habit, ufe.

Through accufiomance and negligence, and per-
haps fome other caufes, we neither feel it in our
own bodies, nor take notice of it in others. Boyle.

Accu'sTOM ARiLY. Wi;. In a cuftomary
manner ; according to common or cuf-
tomary praftice.

Go on, rhetorick, and expofe the peculiar emi-
nency which you accufltmarily marflial before logic
to public view. Clcaveland.

Accu'sTOM AR Y. adj. [from accu/}om.'\
Ufual, praftifed ; according to cuftom.

Accu'sTOMED. adj. [from accujiom.'\ Ac-
cording to cuftom ; frequent ; ufual.

Look how Jhe rubs her hands. — Ic is an ac~
cuflomed atflion with her, to feem thus wafhing her
hands : 1 have known her continue in this a quar-
ter of an hour. Sbakefj^earis Macbeth.

AcE. n,/. [As not only fignified a piece
of money, but any integer, from whence
is derived the word ace, or unit. Thus
Aj fignified the whole inheritance. Ar-
huthnot on Coins, ]

I. An unit; a fmgle point on cards or
dice.

When lots are (huffled together in a lap, urn, ot
pitcher; or if a man bit.ijfold carts a die, what
reafon in the world can he have to prefume, that
he rtiall draw a white ftone rather than a black, or
throw an ace rather than a fife ? South.

I. A fmall quantity; a particle; an atom.
He will ni>t bate an ace of abfolute certainty;
but however doubtful or improbable the thing is,
coming from him it muft go for an indifputable
truth. Government of the Tongue.

I'll not wag an ace farther ; the whole world
fiiall not bribe me to it. Dryden^s Spanijh Friar..

Ac e'p H A LOUS .rJ(^'. [axi^aX®-, Gr.jWith-
out a head. Diff.

Ace'rb. adj. [aceriiis, hat.'] Acid, with
an addition of roughnefs, as moft fruits
are before they are ripe. ^incy,

Ace'rbity. n.f. [acerbitas, Lat.]

1. A rough four tafte.

2. Applied to men,^lharpncfs of temper j
feverity.

True it is, that the talents for criticifm, namely,
fmartnefs, quick cenfure, vivacity of remark, in-
deed all but acerbity, fccm rather the gifts of youth
than of old a^ic. Pope.

To ACE'RVATE. i-. a. [acervo, Lat.]

To heap up. Dia.

AtERVA'TI0^J. n.f. [from acer'vate.'\ The

aft of heaping together.
Ace'rvose. adj. Full of heaps. Diil.
AcE'iCENT. adj. [ace/cetts, Lat.] That

which has a tendency to fournefs or aci>

dity.

The fame perfons, perhaps, had enjoyed their
health as well with a mixture of animal dirt, qua-
lified with a fufticicnt quantity of acefccnts^ as^
bread, vinegar, and fermented liquors.

Arbutbnot on Aliments.

AcETo'sE. ai^'. That which has in it any
thing four. Di^.

AcETo'siTY. n.f. [from acito/e,] The
ftate of being acctoie, or of containing
fournefs. Di^.

Ace'tous. adj. [from actttim, vinegar,

Lat.]

A C H

Lat.] Having the quality of vinegar ;
four.

RiiuDS, which confid chiefly of the juice of
gripet, infpinated in the ikies or hulka by the
avoljcion of the fupeifluouimoiflure through their
pores, being dillillol in a retort, did not affurd
any vinous, but rather an acfteus fpirit. Boyte*

Ache. n./. [ac*. Sax. ax®'» G""- "O*^ ge-
nerally written ake, and in the plural
akes, of one fy liable; the primitive man-
ner being preferved chiefly in poetry,
for the fake of the meafure.] A con-
tinued pain. See Ake.

I'll rack thee with oM cramps;
Fill all thy bones with athes, make thee roar
That beajts Oiall tremble at thy din. Shaiefpeare.

A coming fliow'r your (hooting corns prelate,
Old acbci will throb, your hollow tooth will ra^e.

SioJj't.

To Ache, i: n, [See Ache.] To be in
pain.

Upon this account, our fcnfcs are dulled and
fpert by any extraordinary intention, and our very
eyes will actt, if long fixed upon any difficultly
difcerned object. GlanviUc.

To ACHI'EVE. f. a. [achever, Fr. to
complete.]

1. To perform, to finiQi a defign pro-
fpcroufly.

Our toils, my friends, are crown'd with furc fuc-
cefs I
The greater parf perform'd, acb'uve the lefs. Dryd*

2. To gain, to obtain.

Experience is by induftry, fffi/fvV,
And perfeflcd by the fwift coui fe of time. Shakeff.

Tranio, 1 burn, I pine, 1 pcrilh, Tranio,
If 1 atblevt not this young modcH gi:l.

Shakifpeare.

Thou haft achieved our liberty, conlin'd
Witliin helUgates till now. Miltcit,

Show all the fpoils by valiant kings achiev'J,
And groaning nations by their arms rcliev'd. Prior,

Achi'ever. »./. He that performs ; he
that obtains what he endeavours after.

A viftory is twice itfclf, when the achk-ver
brings home full numbers.

Sbaktfpeari: Much ado about Nctbing.
Achi'evement. »./. [ackevement, Fr.^

1. The performance of an adion.

From every coaft that heaven walks about.
Have thither come the noble martial crc'-v,
That/amous hard achievements dill purfuc.

Fairy ij^tf/rcff.

2. The efcutcheon, or enfigns armorial,
granted to any man for the performance
of great aflions.

Then (hall the war, and ftern debate, and ftrife
Immortal, be the bus'nefs of my life j
And in thy fame, the dufJy fpoils among,
High on the burniih'd roof, my banner (hall be

hung;
Rank'd with my champion's bucklers, and below,
With arms rcvers'd, th' atbicv^ments of the for.

Dr^iUti.
Achie-vemeiitj in the firft fenfe, is derived
■ from achienje, as it figiiifies to perform ;
in the fecond, from achieve, as it im-
ports to gain.
A'cHiNG. n.f. [(torn acbe.'\ Pain; un-
eafinefs.

When old age comes to wait upon a great and
worlhipful fmncr, it comes atiended with many
painful girdi and acbingt, called the gout. South.

A'CHOR. n.f. \ach6r, Lat. ix^^j, Gx.fur-
fur.^ \ fpccies of the herpes ; it appears
with a crully fcab, which caufc'- an itch-
ing on the furface of the head, occa-
fioned by a fait Iharp ferum oozing
through the fkin. ^lincy.

A C K

A'CID. at/J. [adJus, Lat. aciJt, Fr.] Sour,
{harp.

Wild trees laft longer than garden trees; and
In the fame kind, thole whofe fruit Is acij, mote
than thafe whofe fruit is fweet.

Baton's Natural Uifi'.ry.

jlcid, or four, prnceedj from a fait of the fame
nature, without mixture of oil ; in aufterc taftes
tl>e oily parts have not difentangled thenifclvcs
from the falts and earthy puts ; luch i> the t.iftc
of unripe fruits. Arhuthnot m Alimtrut.

Liquors and fubflances are called acidt, which
being compofed of pointed particles, aft'efl the
tafte in a (harp and piercing manner. The com-
mon way of trying, whether any particular liquor
hath in it any particles of this kind, is by mix-
ing it with fyrup of violets, when it will turn ot
a led colour; but if it contains alkaline or lixivia!
particles, it changes that fyrup green. Sluircy.
Aci'dity. n.f. [fromaaV.] The quality
of being acid ; an acid tafte ; iharpnefs ;
fournefs.

Filhes, by the help of a dilTolvent liquor, cor-
rode and reduce thei?~meat, (kin, bones, and all,
into a chylus or cremor ; and yet this liquor ma-
nifc'.s nothing of acidity to ihe tafte. R.y.

When the tafte of tlie mouth is bitter, it is a
fign of a redundance of a bilious alkali, and de-
mands a quite dilTerent diet from the cafe of aci-
dity or fournefs. Arhuthnii on Alimtr.n.

A'ciDNEss. »./ [fromof/V.] Thequality
of being acid; acidity. See Acid iry.

ACFDVLjE. n.f. [that is, aqua acitiuU.'\
Medicinal fprings impregnated with
ftiirp particles, as all the nitrous, chaly-
beate, and alum fprings are. ^incy.
The acidu/ar, or medical Iprings, emit a greater
quantity of their minerals than ufual ; and even
the ordinary fprings, which we-e before clear,
frelh, and limpid, become thick and turbid, and
are impregnated with fulphur and other mine-
rals, as long as the earthquake lafts.

fVcfodward^ s Natural H'jiory

To Aci'dulate. n). a. [acidukr, Fr.]
To impregnate or tinge with acids in a
flight degree.

A diet of frelh unfaltcd things, watery liquors
ac'dulatidf farinaceous emollient fubftances, four
milk, butter, and acid fruits.

Arhuthnot on Aliments.

To ACKNO'^VLEDGR. -v. a. [a word
formed, .is it feems, between the Latin
and Englifh, from cgnofco, and knoiti-
ledge, which is deduced from the Saxon
cnapan, to kno'w.'\

1. To own the knowledge of; to own any
thing or perfon in a particular cha-
racler.

My people do already known my miiid.
And will acknowledge you and JilTica,
In placcof lord Baffanioard niylelf. Sbaiijftare.

None tliat ackno^ckdge God, or providence.
Their fouls eternity did ever duubt. Davits.

2. To confefs ; as, a fault.

For I ackniKvltdgt my ttanfgreffions ; and my
(in is ever before me. fjalm li. 3.

3. To own ; as, a benefit ; fomctimes
with the particle to before the perfon
conferring the benefit.

His fpirit

Taught them; but they his gifts aeinowMg'd

not. Mihm.

In tbc'(irft place, therefore, I thankfully ac-

inmvltdge to the Almighty power the alTiftar.cc he

his given me in the beginning, and the profecu-

tion of my prefent ftudies. Dryder.

Ac KNo'wLE DOING, a.-lj. [from acknoiu.

ledge.] Grateful ; ready to acknowledge

benefits received. A Gallicifm, recon-

noiffant.

A C O

He has diewn his hero acimoviledging aod OR*
grateful, campa(ri >nate and hard-hearCed ; but, at
the bottom, fickle and fclf-intcrefted.

Drydcn's Vtrgil.
Ac K N o'wL E O c M E N T . n.f. [from acknoitt-
ledge.]

1. Conccffion of any charafter in ano-
ther ; as, exiftence, fuperiority.

The due contemplation of the human nature
doth, by a necelTary cortnexion and chain of
caufcs, carry us up to the unavoidable ackn&w..
ledgmnt of the Doitj- ; becaufe it carries every
thinking man to an original of every fucceffive in-
dividual. Hall's Origin of Maniind,

2. Conceflion of the truth of any pofl-
tion.

Immediately upon the acknowledgment of the
chriftian faith, the eunuch was baptized by Fhilip.

Uocier,

3. Confeflion of a fault.

4. Confeflion of a benefit received ; gra-
titude.

5 . Aft of atteflation to any conceflion ;
fuch as homage.

■i'hcre be many wide countries in Ireland, in
which the laws of England were never eftablilhed,
nor any acknonvhdgment of fubjcdlion made.

apenjcr's State ef Ireland,

6. Something given or done in confeflion
of a benefit received.

The fecond is an aeknototedgtntnt to his ma-
jefty for the leave of fi(hing upon his coafts ; and
though this may not be grounded upon any treaty,
yet, if it appear to be an ancient right on our fide,
and cuftom on theirs, not determined or cx-
tingui(hed by any treaty between us, it may with
juftice be iniifted on. lemflt's Mij'ccilanics, ■

J'CME. n.f. [i.,,,.,.,GT.'\ The height of
any thing ; more efpecially ufed to
denote the height of a diftcmper, which
is divided into four periods, i. The
arche, the beginning or firft attack.
2. Anahafis, the growth. 3. Acme, the
height. And, 4. Paracme, which is the
declenfion of the diftemper. i^iney.

Aco'i.OTHisT. n.f [azo^^fSiw, Gr.] One
of the lowelt order in the Romifti church,
whofe office is to prepare the elements
for the offices, to light the church, Wr.

it is duty, according to the papal law, when
the Vi(hop rii-igs mafs, to order all the inferior
clergy to appear in their proper hab'.ts ; and to Lc
that all the offices of the church he rightly per-
formed J to ordain the atolothiji, to keep the facred
velfels. Ayi.fe's Parirgon.

A'coLYTE. n.f. The fame with AcoLO-

THIST.

A'coN'iTE. n.f. [aeonitutn, Lat.] Properly
the herb wolfs-bane, but commonly ufed
in poetical language for poifon in ge-
neral.

Our land is from the rage of tygers freed.
Nor nourilhcs the lion's angry feed ;
Nor pois'nous aconite is here produc'd,
Or grows unknown, or is, »hcn known, refus'd.

Drjdtlh

Dcfpair, that aconite docs prove.
And certain death to others' iovc.
That poifon never yet withftood.
Does nouri(h mine, and turns to blood.

Granville.

A'coRK. n, /. [jEcepn, Sax. from ac, an
oak, and cojin, corn or grain ; that is,
the grain or fruit of the oak.] The feed
or fruit born by the oak.

Errour:., fuch as are but acorns in our younger

brows, grovi oaks in our older heads, and become

indexible. Brtvi*.

4 Content

A C CL

A C Q^

Content with food which nature freely bredi
On wildings and on ftrawbcrries they fed ;
Cornels and bi amble-berries gave the reft,
And falling actiriu furnifli d out a feaft.

Dryjen^s 0-vid,

He that is nouriflied by the aeoms he picked up
under an oak, or the apples he gathered from the
trees in tiie wood, has ceruinly appropriated them
to himfelf. Lotit.

A'cORNED. adj .\Jrom acorn.'] Storedwith
acorns.

Like a full acorn d boar> Shahefp<rare.

Aco'usTi CKS. ».yl [AxbiT<*,of iieaw, Gr.

to hear.]
r. The doftrine or theory of founds.
2. Medicines to help the hearing, ^iney.
To ACOyAl'NT. 1/. a. [accointer, Fr.]

1. To make familiar with; applied either
to perfons or things. It has luith before
the objeft.

We that acquaint ourfelves laith ev'ry zone,

And pafs the cropicks, and behold each pole ;
When we come home, arc to ourfelves unknown,

And unacquainted ftill with our own foul.

Dalits.

There •uiilh thee, new welcome faint.
Like fortunes may her foul acouaint, Milton,

Before a man can fpeak ■ n any fubjeft, it is
neceflary to be acjuainitd viitb it.

Locke on Education,

jlcauaint yourfelves luitb things ancient and
modern, natural, civil, and religious, domeftic and
national ; things of your own and foreign countries ;
and, above all, be well acfuainird viiih God and
yourfelve»; learn animal nature, and the workings
of your own fpirits. IVatti'i Lopck.

2. To inform. With is more in ufe before
the objeft than of.

But for fome other reafonj, my grave Sir,
Which is not fit you know, I not ac-jLaint
My father c/this bufinefs.

Sheiefpe!tre\ T-wtlJtb Night.

A friend in the cotintry acquaints nic, that two

or three men of the town are got among them, and

have brought words and phralcs, which were never

before in thofe parts. Tallir.

Acqu a'intakce. n.f. [accoiittance, Fr.]

1, The Bate of being acquainted with;
familiarity, knowledge. It is applied
as well to perfons as things, with the
particle "witb.

Nor was his arqaaintattce left w'ltb the famous
eoetsof hit age, than ■with the noblemen and ladies.

Dr,dc<i.

Our admiration of a famous man IclTens upon
our nearer acquaintance tcitb him ; and we feldon.
hear of a celebrated perfon, without a catalogue ol
iome DOtorioui weaknelTei and infirmitie*.

jiddifoti.

Would we be admitted into an acquaintance v^ith
God, let ut ftudy to re.''emble him. We muft be
partakers of a divine nature, in order to partake oi
this high privilege ar-d alliance. jiitertury.

2. Familiar knowledge, fimply without a
prepofition. _

Brave foldicr, pardon me.
That any accent breaking from mi^-tonguc.
Should 'Icape the true acquaintance of mine ear.

Sbaltejpejre.
This keept the underftanding long in convrrle with
ao objefl, and long converfe brings acquaintance.

Soutb.
In what manner he lived with thofe who were
of his neighbourhood and acquaintance^ how obli-
ging his carriage wat to them, what kind offices he
did, and was always ready to do them, 1 forbear
particularly to fay. Atierbury.

%. A flight or initial knowledge, fhort of
friendfhip, as applied to perfons.

I b'jpe 1 am pretty near feeing you, and there-
fore I would cultivate an acquaintance i becanfe if
you do oot know mc when we meet, yon need only

keep one of my letters, and compare it with my
face ; for my face and letters are counterparts of
my heart. Sivift to Pcfe.

A long noviciate of acquaintance ihould precede
the vows of friendlhip. Bolinghroke.

4. The perfon with whom we are ac-
quainted ; him of whom we have fome
knowledge, without the intimacy of
friendfhip.

In this fenfe, the plural is, in fome
authors, acquaintance, in others acquain-
tances.

But (lie, all vow'd unto the red-crofs knight,
His wand'ring peril clofcly did lament,

Ne in this new acquaintance could delight,
But her dear heart with anguilh did torment.

Fairy ^een.

That young men travel under fome tutor, I
allow well, fo that he be fuch a one that may be
able to tell them what acquoinfancei they are to
fcek, what exercifes ordifcipline the place yieldeth.

Bacon.

This, my lord, has juftly acquired you as many
friends, as tlicre are perfons who have the honour
to be known to you ; mere acquaintance you have
none, you have drawn them all into a nearer line j
and they wiio have converfedwith you, are for ever
after inviolably yours. Dryden.

We fee he isadianied of his neareft acquaintances.
* Bcylc againji B entity.

Acoyji'iNTZD. ac/J. [from acquaint.] Fa-
miliar, well known ; not new.

Now call we our high court of parliament ;
That war or peace, or both at once may be
As tiungs acquainted and familiar to us. Shakeff.
Acqjj e'st. n.J. [acquejl, Fr. irotaacquerir,
written by fome acquift, with a view to
the woid acquire, or acquijiia.] Attach-
ment, acquifltion ; the thing gained.
New acquifls are moreburdea than Itrcngth.

Bacon.

Mud, repofed near the oRea of rivers, makes

continual additions to the land, thereby excluding

the fea, and preferving thefe (hells as trophies and

figns of its new acquit and encroachments.

iyocdivard.

To ACOyi'ESCE. t;. n. [acquie/cer, Fr.

acqutejcere, Lat.] To reft in, or remain

fatisiied with, without oppofition or dif-

content. It has in before the objeft.

Others will, upon account of the receivednefs
of the propofed opinion, think it rather worthy to
b^ examined than acquifjctd in. Boyle.

Nc.thcr a bare approbation of, nor a mere wish-
ing, nor una^ive complacency in j nor, laftly, a
natural inclination to things virtuous and good,
can pafs before God for a man's willing of f'ucii
things i and, confcquently, if men, upon this ac-
count, will needs take up and acquitfce in an airy
ungrounded perfuafion, tiial they will thafe things
which really they not will, tlicy fall thereby into a
grofs and fatal delufion. South.

He hath empl'yed his tranfcendentwifdom and
power, that by thefe he might make way for his
benignity, at the end wherein they ultimately ac-
quiefce. Creiv.

Accjuie'scence. n./. [from euqtii,/ce.]

1. A filent appearance of content, dilUn-
guilhedon one fide from avowed confent,
on the other from oppofition.

Neither from any of che nobility, nor of the
clergy, who were thought moftaverfelrom it, tliere
appeared any llgn of coutradiOion to that; but an
entire acquiejcace in all the hiihops thought tit tn
do. Clarendon.

2. Satisfaftion, reft, content.

Many indeed have ^ivcn over their purfuits after
fame,either from di f ippointmcnt,or from experience
of the little picalurc which attends it, or the better
informations or natural c-^ldn-rfs of old age; but
fi'Idom from a full fatisfadtioii and acquicjance in
their prefent enjoymcntj of it. AdJifon,

A C Q^

3. Submlffion, confidence.

The grenteft part of the world take up their pcr-
fuafions concerning good and evil, by an implicit
faith, and a full acquiefcence in the word of tliofe,
who (hall rcprcfent things to them under thefe cha-
rafters. South.

AcQjri'RABLE. adj. [from acquire.] That
which may be acquired or obtained ;
attainable.

Thofe rational inlUnfls, the connate principles
engraven in the human foul, though they are truths
acquirable and deducible by rational confequence
and argumentation, yet fcem to be infcribed in the
very crafis and textuie of the foul, antecedent to
any acquifition by induftry or the exercife of ths
difcurfive faculty in man.

HaWs Origin of Mankind.

If the powers of cogitation and volition, and
fenfation, are neither inherent in matter as fuch,
nor acquirable to matter by any motion or modifi-
cation of it ; It necellarily follows, that they pro-
ceed from fome cogitative fubftance, fome incor-
poreal inhabitant within us, which we call fpirit
and fiul. Bcntley.

To ACC^I'RE. v. a. [acqiierir, Fr. ac-
quiro, Lat.]

1 . To gain by one's own labour or power ;
to obtain what is not received from na-
ture, or tranfmitted by inheritance.

Better to leave undone, than by our deed
Acquire too high a fame, while he, we ferve, 'a
away. Shakefp. Antony and Cleopatra,

2. To come to ; to attain.

Motion cannot be perceived without the percep-
tion of its terms, viz. the parts of fpacc which it
immediately left, and thofe which it next acquires.
Glan-ville^s Scepjis,
Acqv I'titD, farticip. adj. [irora acquire.]
Gained by one's felf, in oppofition to
thofe things which are beftowed by na-
ture.

We are feldom at eafe, and free enough from "
the f.)licitation of our natural or adopted defires ;
but a conftant fuccclfion of uneafintlfcs, out of
that ftock, which natural wants, or acquired habits,
have heaped up, take the will in their tuins.

Locke,
Acc^ui'rer. n.f. [from acquire.] The

perfon that acquires ; a gainer.
AcQj;i'REMENr.ff./ [iioaxacqicire.] That
which is acquired ; gain ; attainment.
The word may be properly uled in op-
pofition to the gifts of nature.

Thele his acquirements, by induftry, were ex-
ceedingly both enriched and enlarged by many
excellent endowments of nature.

H^tyivard on Edivard VI,
By a content and acquiefcence in every fpeciea
of truth, we embrace the fhadow theicof; or fo
much as may palliate itsjuft and fubftantial <:e-
quirements. Brcrwn^s Vulgar Errours,

It is very difficult to lay down rules for the ac-
quirement c.i a tafte. The faculty muft, in fome
deg,ec, be born with us. Addifon.

Acquisi'riON. n./, \_acquiJilio,'LsX,]

1 . The aft of acquiring or gaining.

Each man has but a limited right to the good
things of the world ; and the natural allowed way,
by "which he is to compafs the po/le(lion of tliefe
things, is by his own induftrious acquifition of
them. South.

2, The thing gained ; acquirement.

Great Sir, all acquifition
Of glory as of empire, here I lay before
Your royal feet. Denkani*s Sophy,

A ftate can never arrive to its period in a more
dcpl'irabic crifis, than when Ibme prince lies hover-
ing like a vulture to difmember Its dying carcali: ;.
by wliich means it becomes only an acquifition to
fome mighty monarchy, without hopes of a rcfur-

ireftioB. ^ S-wift^

Acqjii'bitivs,

A C Q^

Acqyi*«ITIVK. adj. [acqmjtlivtts, Lat.]
That whidi is acquired or gained.

He diej not in his aefuifitive buc in liis nativf
foil ; nature hcrfelf, as it were, claiming a Ana)
intercft in his btdy, when fortune had done with
him. IVaton.

Acqui'sT. n.f. [See AcquEST.] Ac-
quirement ; attainment ; gain. Not in
ufe.

His fervant he with new acquiji
Of true experience from this great cvrnf,
With peace and confolation hath difmift. MUtor..

To ACQUIT, v. a. [acquitier, Fr. See

Quit.]
I. Tofet free.

Nc do 1 with (for wi/hing were but vain)
To be acquit from my continual fmart ;

But joy her thrall for ever to remain.
And yield for pledge my poor captived heart.

Sfenjtr.

a. To clear from a charge of guilt ; to ab-
folve ; oppofed to condemn, either fimply
with an accufative ; as, the jury acquitted
him, or with the particles from or of,
which is more common, before the crime.

If I fin, then thou markeft me, and thou wilt
not acquit me from mine iniquity. ^oi, x. 14.

By the fuDVage of the moft and beft he is already
acquittedftai, by tbefencenceof fome, condemned.

Dryden,

He that judges, without informing himfelf to
the utmoft chat he is capable, cannot acquit iiim'
felf ©/"judging amifs. Locke.

Ncitlier do I refiedt upon the memory of his
majefty, whom I entirely atpi/f of my Imputation.

Swift,

3. To clear from any obligation.

Steady to my principles, and not difpirjted with
my affliilions, I have, by the blefling of God on
my endeavours, overcome all difficulties ; and, in
fome mealurc, acquitted mrfclf of the debt which
I owed the publick, when I undertook this work.

Dryden.

4. In a /imilar fenfe, it is faid. The man
hath acquitted him/elf luell i that is, he
hath difcharged his duty.

Acqjii'tment. n.f [from acquit.] The
ftate of being acquitted ; or ad of ac-
quitting.

The word imports properly an acquittiunt or dif-
tharge of a man upon fome precedent accufatlon,
and a full trial and cognizance of hit caufe had
thereupon. Souib,

^cquj'ttal. «./. In law, is a deliver-
ance and fetting free from the fufpicion
or guiltinefs of an offence.' Ccnuel.

The conllant defign of both thefe orators, was
to drive fome one particular point, either the con-
demnation or acquittal oi an accufed pcrfon.

Sivft.
To Acqui'ttance. I/, a. To procure an
acquittance ; to acquit j a word not in
prefent ufe.

But if black fcandal and fouI-facM reproach.
Attend the fcquci of your impofition.
Your mere enforcement (hall acquittance me
From all the impure blots and flalns thereof

Shakefj}care.

Acqui'ttance. n.f. [from acquit.]
I. tHc aft of difcharging from a debt.

But foon fliall find
Forbearance, no acquittance, ere day end
Juftice fliall not return, as beauty, fcorn'd.

Milton.
1. A writing teftifying the receipt of a
debt.

You can produce acquitlanca
For fuch a fum, from fpecial officers
Of Charles hit father.

Siiaicffeare'i Lfot't Labmr Loji.

A C R

They quickly pay their debt, and then
Take no acquittances, but pay again. Donne.

The fame man bought and fold to himfelf, paid
the money, and gave the acquittance, yirhuthnot.
A'cRE. n.f. [JEcjM, Sax.] A quantity of
land containing in length forty perches,
and four in breadth, or four thoufand
eight hundred and forty fquare yards.

Dia.

Search every acre in the high-grown field.
And bring him to our eye. Sbakefp. Kin^ Lear.
A'cRiD. adj. [acer, Lat.] Of a hot biting
tafte ; bitter ; fo as to leave a painful
heat upon the organs of tafte.

Bitter and acrid dift'cr only by the (harp particles
of the firft being involved in a greater quantity of
oil than thofc of the laft. j^rbutbnot on Aliments.

Acrimo'nious. adj. Abounding with
acrimony ; fharp ; corrofive.

If gall cannot be tendered acrimonious, and bitter
of itfelf, then whatever acrimony or amaritude
redounds in it, muH be from the admixtare oi
melancholy. Harvey on Conjuntptiom.

A'cRiMONY. n.f. [acrimenia, Lat.]

1 . Sharpnefs, corrofivenefs.

Thctu be plants that have a milk in them when
they are cut; as, figs, old lettuce, fow-thiftles,
fpurge. The caufe may be an inception of putre-
faflion : for thnfe milks have all :inacrimony, though
one Ihould think they Ihould be lenitive.

Sacen's Natural Hifttry.

ThechymilH define fait, from fome of its pro-
perties, to be a body fufible in the fire, congealable
again by cold into brittle glebes or crydaU, foluble
in water, fo as to difappear, not malleable, and ha-
ving fomcthing in it which affects the organs of
tafte with a fenfation of acrimony or fliarpnefs.

Arhutbnot,

2. Sharpnefs of temper, feverity, bitter-
nefs of thought or language.

John the Baptift fet himfelf, with much acri-
mony and indignation, to bafBe this fenfelefs arro-
gant conceit of theirs, wliich made them huff at
the doilrine of repentance, as a thing below them,
and not at all belonging to them. St/utb.

A'c R I T u D E . n. jf. [from acrid. ] An acrid
tafte ; a biting heat on the palate.

In green vitriol, with iti aftringent and fwectijh
taftes, is joined foute acritudct

Grcvj's Mujteum.

Acroama'tical. fl;^'. [aKjoao^t, Gr. I
hear.] Of or pertaining to deep learn-
ing ; the oppoiite of exoterical.

Acroa'ticks. n.f. [Axgoolixa, Gr.] Ari-
ftotle's leftures on the more nice and
principal parts of philofophy, to which
none but friends and fcholars were ad-
mitted by him.

Acro'nycal. adj. [from uic^0-, Jiimmui,
and >iy|, nox ; importing the beginning
of night.] A term of aftronomy, applied
to the ftars, of which the rifmg or fetting
is called acronycal, when they either ap-
pear above or fink below the horizon at
the time of funfet. It is oppofed to
cofmical.

Acro'nycally. ad<v. [from acronycal.]
At the acronycal time.

He is tempeltuous in the fummer, when he
rlfes heliacally, and rainy in the winter, when he
r\ie% acronycaily. Dryden,

A'crospire. n.f. [fromax^®' ando-B-ir^a,
Gr.] A fhoot or fprout from the end of
feeds before they are put in the ground.

Many corns will fmilt, or have their pulp turned
into a fubftance like thick cream ; and will fcitd
forth their fubftaucc in an acrojfirt^ Mortimer.

ACT

A'cROspiRED./ar/. adj. Having fprouts,
or having ftiot out.

For want of turning, when the malt is fpread
on the Hrior, it comes and fprouts at both ends,
which is called acrofjiircd, and is fit only for fwine.

Mortimer*

AcRo'ss. adv. [from a for at, or the
French a, as it is ufed in a traijers, and
crofs.] Athwart, laid over fomethinj
fo as to crofs it.

The harp hath the concave not along the ftringS|
but acrofs the ftrings ; and no harp hath the found
fo melting and prolonged as the IriQi harp.

Bacon.

This view'd, but hot enjoy' J, with arms acrofr
He Hood, reflecting on his country's lofs. Dryden*

There is a fet of urtizans, who, by the help of
feveral poles, which they lay acoji each ochers
Ihoulders, build thcmfelv.'-i up into a kind of pyra-
mid j fo that you fee a pile of men in the air of four
or five rows rifing one above another, Addifcn.
AcRo'sTiCK. n.f [from ixf®- and rt%®'»
Gr.] A poem in which the firft letter
of every line being taken, makes up
the name of the perfon or thing on
which the poem is made.

ACRO'STICK. adj.

I. That which relates to an acroftick.
z. That which contains acrofticks.

Leave writing plays, and chnofe for thy command
Some peaceful province in acnjlick land :
There thou may'ft wings difplay, and altars raife.
And torture onepoor'word ten thoufand ways.

Dryden.

J'CROTERS, or ACROTE'RIA. n. f
[from ait^ot, Gr. the extremity of any
body.] Little pcdeftais without bafes,
placed at the middle and the two ex-
tremes of pediments, fometimes fervihg
to fupport rtat.ues.
To ACT. T. n. [ago, aQum, Lat.]
I. To be in action, not to reft. '

He hangs between in duubt t> aH or re/l. Ftpe,

z. To perform the proper funftions.

Albe't the will is not callable \}t beifvg compelled
to any of its actings, yet it is cipable of beii^
made to a^ with more or lefs d)6iculiy, according
to the different impreiUons it rcceiy^s from motives
or objeils. South,

3. To pradllfe arts or duties ; to condud
one's felf.

"I'is plain that (he, wljo for a kingdom now*
Would facrifice her love, and break her vovii.
Not out of love, but intereft, acts alanc.
And would, ev'n in my arms, lie thinking o( a
throne. Dryden i Cvnquejl of Granada.

The defirc of happinefs, and the conftrainc it
ptits upon us to afl for it, no body accounts an
abridgment of liberty. Locke.

The fplendor of his office, is the token of that
facred character which he inwardly bears : and
one of thefe ought conlbntly to put him in mind
of the other, and excite him to afl up to it, through
the whole courfe of his adminiftration.

Atterhury'"! Sermons,

It is our part and duty to co-operate with this

grace, vigoroufly to exert thofe poweis, and a^ up

to thofe advantages to whi^h it rciiaies us. He

has given eyes to the blind, and feet to the lame.

Rt'^crs's Sermcns.

4. To produce efFefts in fome pafli ve fubjedl.

Hence 'tis we wait the wond'rous caufe to find
How body a^s upon impalTive mind.

Garth^s Difpenfary.

The ftomach, the intcftines, the muftles of, the

lower belly, all ad upon the aliment; befides, the

chyle is not fucked, but fqueezed into the mouths

of the la£teals, by the action of the fibres of the

■ guts. Ariulhnot en Aliments,

Tc Act. -v, t,.

I. To

ACT

t. To bear a borrowed charsifter; m, a

flage-player.

Honour and fliamc from no condition rife ;
j^a well your part, there all the honour lies. Pete.

t. To counterfeit ; to feign by aaion. ' '

His forrner trembling once again renew'd,

ACT

VVi^th aff^ fear the villain thus purfuM. D.yrler

|. To aduate ; to put in motion ; to re-
gulate the movemeats.

Moft people in the world are affej by levity and
humour, i>y ftrange and irrational changes. South.

I erhj.rs they are as proud as Lucifer, as cove-
tous as Demas, as falfe as Judas, and, in th-
whole courfe of their converfation, aiJ, and a,e
*ctcd, not by devotion, but defign. South

We fuppofc two diftina, incommunicable con-
fcoufneires^ffi^; the fame body, the one ccn-
ftantly by day. the other by night ; and, on the
other fide, the lame confcioufcefi aaing by inter-
vals two diftinfl bodies. '' ' ^^^^^

Act. n./. [aSum, Lat.]
I. Something done ; a deed ; an exploit,
whether good or ill.

A lower place, not well.
May make too great an aa :
Better to leave undone than by our deed
Acquire too high a fame.

-. r ■ Stahfp. Ant. and Cltopatra.

Ike confcious wretch mud all hisaS. reveal ■
toth to confefs, unable to conceal ;
From the firft moment of his vital breath,'
To his lift hour of unrepenting death. Drfdcn.

Z. Agency ; the power of producing an
effecl. "

I will try the forces
Of thcfe thy compounds on fuch creatures at
We count not worth the hanging ; but none human :
1 o try the vigour of them, and apply
Allayments to their aa ; and by them gather
T heir feveral virtues and efteas.
. « cv- , , Staktfffare': Cjmlelm.

3. ALtion ; the performance of exploits ;
produiSion of effefta.

'Tis fo much in your nature to do good, that
your lilc IS cut one continued a^ of placing benefits
on many, as the fun i. always carrying his light to
fome part or other of the world. DryJ„', FabU,.

Wh:,forth from nothingcall'd thit comely frame.
His will and aa, his word and work the fame.

4. The doing of fome particular tiling Ta
llep taken ; a purpofe executed.

Ihiia.'? perfuadesme,
I hat thi« remotion of the duke and her
Is praaicc only. Stak.jfur,-, Kl„g Lt^r.

5. A (late of reality ; effeft.

_ The feeds of herb- and plants at the firft jre not
in ^a, but in poffibility, that which they after-
wards grow to be. 'o. ,
_ Cod alone excepted, who aSually and everlaft-
irgly I, wha:foever he may be, and which cannot
hereafter be that which now he is not: all other
things befides are Ibmewhatin Foflibllitv, which as
yet they are not in «c>. ' y/^^^,,..

Sure they're confcious
Of fome intended mifchief, and are fled
To put It into «a. D,nh^m\ Sophy.

b. Incipient agency; tendency to an effort

Her legs were bulkin'd, and the left before.
In aa to ihoct ; a filver bow Ihc bore. DryJcr.

7. A part of a play, during which the ac-
tion proceeds without interruption.

Many never doubt but the whole condition re-
quired by Chrift, the repentance he came to preach,
will, m that lad fcene of their laft aa, imme-
dutely before the exit, be as opportunely and ac-
ceptably performed, at at any other point of their

V^ .a • » ,. "'■'^"""l'' Fu„damntali.
•■iveaffsarejuft the mealure of a play.

8. A decree of a court of joAice, iTedirt
of a legiflature.

Vol. I.

i They make ediftr for uftrv to fuppsrt ofurers,

repeal daily any wiiolcfome a'a eftablifti-J againit
, the nch, and provide more piercing flatutcs daiK
to chain up aid refliaia the pcor.

Shakrfitare's Corial.iru!.
You that are k,ng, though he do«-car the crown,
Have caus'd hi.-n, by new aa of parliament,
1 0 biot out me. Shak.-rper.r,'! Ihrry VI.

9. Record of judicial proceedings.

_ Judiciul aas are all thole matters wliith relate to
judicial proceedings ; and being reduced into wi-
ting by a public notary, are recorded L-y the autho-
rity of the judge. ^y;j^_
A CTioN. ;,./. [aawn, Fr. aalo, Lat.]

1. The quality or ilate of aaing, oppoiite
to rcjl. . o rr

O nolle Englifli ! that could entertain
With half their forces the full power of France •
And let another half (land laoahing bv, '

All out of work, and cold for aaLn. '

SbaUfpsare'i Henry V.

2. An aft or thing done ; a deed.

This aaion, I now go on,
Is for my better grace. Shak-fpem'i fTmter! Ta/e.
God never accepts a good inclination inrtead ot
a good oaicn, where that aahn may be doi'e • nay
fo much the contrary, that, if a good inclination
be not feconded by a good affion, the want of that
aascn IS made fo much the more criminal and in-
excufable. t ,

A . iiutb.

3. Agency, operation.

It i» better, therefore, that the earth fliouJd
move about its own center, and make thofc ufeful
vic.ffitudes of night and day, than expofe always
the fame fide to the aahn of the fun. BcntUy

He has fettied laws, and laid down rules, con-
formable to which natural bodies are governed in
their aar.ni upon one another. Cbeyne.

+. The feries of events reprefented in a
fable.

This aaion fhould have three qualifications.
*irft, it Liould be but one aah„; fccondly, it
fliould be an entire aaion; and, thirdly, it ihould
be a great a<f?wii. /iti-r

V Oelficulation ; the accordance of the
motions of the body with the words
fpoken; a part of oratory.

™~"f '''?' ^P"''^ <■'"'' 8''P<= 'he hearer's wrift,
While he t.iat hears makes fearful aaioH
With wrinkled brows. Slai^fp. Khr Jch„.

_Our orators are obf.-rved to make ufc of Icfs
gefture or aaioa than thofe of other countries.

&. [In law.] It is ufed with the prepifi-
tion againfl before tlie perfon, and/»r
before the thing.

Aakns are pcrfonal, real, and mixt ; aakn per-
fonal belongs to a man againji another, by reafon
of any eontrjft, offence, or caufe, of like force
with a contraa or oftcnce made or done by him or
fome other, for whofe faft he is to anfwcr. Anion
rral IS given to any man agairji another, that pof-
lefTcs the thing required or fued for in his own
name, and no other man's. Aakn mixt, is that
which hes as well againfi or for the thing which wc
feek, as agawjl the perfon that hath it ; called
m,xi, bccaufc it hath a mixt refpcft both to the
tiling and to the pcrfjn.

Aakn Is divided into civil, penal, and mixt.
Aa,on civil It that which tends onlv to the reco
very of that which is due to us ; as a fum of mo-
ney formerly lent. Aaion penal is that which
aims at fome penalty cr puniihment in the party
fucd, be it corporal or pecuniary: as, in comra.n
li*,', '"'=,""'' '"''"''' °f » man felonioufly flain
fiiall purfuc the law agahjl the murderer. Aahn
mixt IS that vthich fceks both the thing whereof
wc are deprived, and a penalty alfo for the uriuft
dctJiningof the fame.

Aahn upon the cafe, it an aahn given for redrcfs

of wrongs done without force again/} my man, bv

law not fpecially provided for. '

Aahn vp^n the flaiute, is aa aahn brought

oZ^mfi a man iipon breach of a ftatute. Crwcll.

ACT

Th;.-e was never mm could have a jailer aahn
mamfi fii:hy tjnunc than 1, fmce, jll other thiojit
being granted mc, her blindnefs is the only lett.

Sidney.
For our reward then,
Fir/1,.311 our debts arc paid ; dangers of law,
Aa:onz, decrees, jujgraentj, againfi us quitteJ.

7. In the plural, in France, the fame as

flocks in England.
A'cTiOKABLE. a^^ [^vom. c.3ion.] -That
wnich admits aa aftion in law to be
brought againft it ; punidiable.

His procels was formed ; whereby he was found
guilty ot nought ehc, that I could learn, which
was aa-tovMe, but of ambition.

-, , . Homel's Vccal Forcff.

No man 3 face is aaionabJe : thefe finguUrities

jire interpretablelVom more innoccntcaufes. CoHier,

AcTioNARy,orA'cTiONisT.».y: [froin

aaio„.] One that lias a fhare in e,aio,„

or flocks.

A'cTioN-TAKiNC. a,fj . Accuftomed to

refent by means of law ; litigious.

A knave, a rafcal, a filthy worfted-ftockin?

Knave ; a lily-liver'd aSkn-t^king knave. Shakefp.
Actita'tion. „./ [from a^ita, Lai.]

Aftion quick and frequent. Dia.

To A'cT.iwATE.'u.a. [i'lom aai-ve.] To

make adlive. This word is perhaps

ufed only by the author alleged.

As fnowand ice, eCpecially being hojpen, and
theircold aa:i,ai.-d by nitre or fait, will turn water
into ice, and that in a few hour.; fo it may be.

tinTe '"™ *"'"' °' "'^"''''y '""" '*='"=> '" 'oVr
- ^ ' Bacon.

Active, ac^j. [aai-vus. Lit.]
I. That which has the power or quality of
afting. '

Thele particles have not only a vis ineriiar, ac.
compamed with fuch pafiive laws of motion, at
naturally refult from that force, but alfo they are
moved by certain aaim principles, fuch as is that
of gravity, and that which caufes fermentation,
and the cohrlion cf bodies. AWi/te', Opticks.

2. Ihat which afts, oppofed to pafTtve, or
that which fufFers. ^ ■"

—When an even flame two hearts did touch,
Mis omce was indulgently tn (it
Aaivti to palTives, corrcfpondencr
Only his fubjedl was. ' r>„.

It you think that, by multiplying the adUita-
ments in the fame proportion that jou multiply the
ore, the woik will follow, you may be deceived;
for quantity in the paflive will add more rdilUnce
than thequantity in the affiw will add force. Bacn.

3. ^ufy, engaged in aflion ; oppofed to
idle or fedentciry, or any ftate of which
the duties are performed only by the
mental powers.

'Tis vii tuous aaion that muft pralfe bring forth.
Without which, flow advice is little worth j
,pf jn=y wlio «ive good counfel, praife defervr,
Iho intheaaw part they cannot fcrve. Denham.

4. rraftical ; not merely theoretical.

_ The world hath had in thefe men fiefli expe-
rience,howdangcrousfuchaW-:.,errorsare. i/«,ir^

5. Nimble; agile; quick.
Some bend the ftubborn bow for Tiflory •

And fome with darts tbcirafl«,r finews try. ir, dni
o. In grammar. ^

A verb aaive it that which fignifies aftion, as
^ '""''• Cl'rke-, Latin Grammar.

•

AcTivELT. ad-v. [from aaive.] In an
aftive manner ; bufily ; nimbly. In an
aaive fignification j as, tbe ivcrJ is u/td
aa'fvely.

A'cTivENEss. n.f. [fromfl<?;W.] The

quality of being aftivc ; (^uicknefs ;

^ nunbjenefs.

ACT

A C U

ADA

nimbUnefs. This is a word more rarely
ufed than aSi-vity.

Whit (Irange agility and efUvenifi do our com-
mon tumblers and dancen on the rap: attain to, by
continual nercifc ! Hnikini'i Math. Mogick.

AcTi'viTY. n.f. [from aSi've,'] The qua-
lity' of being aftive, applied either to
things or perfons.

Salt put to ice, as in the producing of the artifi-
cial ice, increafeth the aB'rviiy of cold. Bacon,

Our adverfary will not be idle, though we are ;

he watches every turn of our foul, and incident of

our life ; and, if we remit our alirvity, will take

advantage of our indolence* Rogers,

A'cTOR. n.f. [a£lor, Lat.]

1 . He that afls, or performs any thing.

The virtues of either age may correft the de-
fers of both : and good for fuccelTion, that young
meo may be learners, while men in age are aSon,

Bacon.

He who writes an Eneomium Nentih, if he docs
It heartily, is himielf but a tranfcript of Nero in
his mind, and would gladly enough fee fuch pranks,
as he was famous for, a^ed again, though he dares
n jt be the aHor of them himfelf. South.

2. He that peribnates a charafler ; a ftage-
player.

Would you have
Such an Herculean after in the fcene.
And not tliis hydra ? They mud fweat no lefs
To fit their properties, than t' exprcfs their parts.

Ben Jonjon,
When a good aEior doth his part prefent,
In every adl he our attention draws,
That at the lall he may find juH applaufe. Dtnbam.
Thefe falfe beauties of the ftage arc no more lad-
ing than a rainbow ; when the aClor ceafes to (bine
upon them, they vanilh in a twinkling.

Drydtri'i Spamjh Friar.
A'cTRESS. n.f. [a3rice,¥r.']

1. She that performs any thing.

Virgil has, indeed, admitted Fame as an aflreji
in the jSnciJ ; but the part flic ails is very fljort,
aiid none of the mod admired circumdances of
that divine work. Addijrji,

We fprights have juft fuch natures
We had, for all the world, when human creatures ;
And therefore I that was an alireft here.
Play all my tricks in hell, a goblin there. Drjden.

2. A woman that plays on the ftage.
A'cTUAL. adj. [aiiuel, Fr.]

I. That which comprifes aAion.

in this Aumbry agitation, befides her walking
and dther aliual performances, what, at any time,
have you heard her fay ? Shakeffeare'i Macbeth.

X. Really in aft ; not merely potential.

Sin, there in pow> before
Once afhial; now in body, and to dwell
Habitual habitant. Milton.

J. In aft ; not purely in fpeculation.

For he that but conceives a crime in thought,
Contrafts the danger of an aSual fault :
Then what mud he expe3, that dill proceeds
To finifli fin, and work up thoughts to deeds }

Drydirt,

Actua'lity. n./. [from a^aW.] The
ftate of being adual.

The a&ualiiy of thefe fpiritual qualities is thus
. impiifoned, though their potentiality be not quite
defttoyed j and thus a crafs, extended, impenetra-
ble, psffive, divifible, unintelligent fubdance is
gener.ited, which we call matter. Cheyne.

A'ctually. aJv. [froma^W.] In afl;
in elfeft ; really.

All mankind acknowledge themfclvcs able and
fufficient to do many things, which aHaally they
never do. Scuth.

Read one of the Chronicles, and you will think
j-ou were reading a hidory of the kings of Ifrael or
Judah, where the hiftorians were aflnj//)) infpired,
and where, by a particular fchcme of providence,
lilt lunga were diOinguiflted by judgmeats or blef-

fings, according as they promoted idolatry. Or the
worlhip of the true Cod. jiddifon.

Though our temporal profpeSs fliould be full of
danger, or though the days of forrow fhould aSual/y
overtake us, yec ftill we mud repofe ourfelves on
God. Rogers.

A'ctualness. »./ [from a^ual.] The
quality of being aftual.

A'ctuarv. «./. [a{luarius, Lat.] The
regifter who compiles the minutes of the
proceedings of a court ; a term of the
civil law.

Suppofe the judge fliould fay, that he would
have the keeping of the afls of court remain with
him, and the notary will have the cudody of them
with himfelf : certainly, in this cafe, the aBuary
or writer of them ought to be preferred. Aylife.

A'cTUATE.a*^'. [from the verb Toa£iuaie.'\
Put into action ; animated ; brought
into efFeft.

The ailive informations of the intelled, filling
the padivc reception of the will, like form clofing
with matter, grew aSiuate into a third and didind
perfeftion of practice. South.

To A'CTUATE. "w. a. [from ago, aHum,
Lat.] To put into aflion ; to invigo-
rate or increafe the powers of motion.

The tight made by this animal depends upon a
living fpirit, and feems, by fome vitaJ irradiation,
to be actuated into this ludre.

Brnvns Vulgar Errours.

Such is every man, who has not actuated the
grace given him, to tlie fubduing of every reigning
fin. Decay of Piety.

Men of the greated abilities are mod fiied with
ambition j and, on the contrary, mean and nar-
row minds are the lead actuated by it. jlddifin.

Our padions are the fprings which actuate the
powers of our nature. Rogers.

AcTuo'sE. adj. [from fliS.] That which

hath ftrong powers of adion : a word

little ufed.
To A'cu ATE. I), a. [acuo, Lat.] To Ihar-

pen, to invigorate with any powers of

fharpnefs.

Immoderate feeding upon powdered beef, pic-
kled meats, and debauching with drong wines, do
inflame and acuate the blood, whereby it is capaci-
tated to corrode the lungs. Harvey in Ccnfumfiions.
Acu'leate. ai(/. [acu/eatus, Lat.] That
which has a point or fting ; prickly ;
that which terminates in a ffiarp point.
JCU'MEN. n.f. [Lat.] A (harp point ;
figuratively, quicknefs of intellefts.

The word was much affefted by the learned
Aridarchus in common convcrfation, to fignify
genius or natural acumen. ' Pope.

Ac u'm I n at e d. particip. adj. Edding in
a point ; fharp-pointed.

This is not acuminated and pointed, as in the
red, but feemeth, as it were, cut ofl^.

Ero^vns Vulgar Errours.

I appropriate this word. Noli me langere, to a
fmall round acuminated tubercle, which hath not
much pain, unlefs touched or rubbed, or cxafpe-
rated l)y topicks. IViJeman.

ACU'TE. adj. [acutus, Lat.]

1 . Sharp, ending in a point ; oppofed to
obtu/e or blunt.

Having the ideas of an obtufe and an acute an-
gled triangle, both drawn from equal bafes and be-
tween par.illels, I can, by intuitive knowledge,
perceive the one n.)t to be the other, but cannot
that way know whether they be equal. Locke.

2. In a figurative fenfe applied to men ;
ingenious ; penetrating ; oppofed to
dull OTjiupid.

The acute and ingenious author, among many
vef^ fine thoughts, and uncommon fefle^ions, has
liartcd the notion of feeing all things inCod. Lxke.

3 . Spoken of the fenfes, vigorous ; power,
ful in operation.

Were our leufes altered, and madehiuch quicker
and acuier, the appearance and outward fchcme of
things would hjve quite another face to us. Locke.

4. Acute difeafc. Any difeafe, which is
attended with an increafed velocity of
blood, and terminates in a few days ;
oppofed to chronical. ^incy.

5. Jlcute accent ; that which railes or
fliarpens the voice.

kcv'-rzLY. ad'v. [from af»/*.] After an
acute manner ; fliarply : it is ufed as
well in the figurative as primitive fenfe.

He that will look into many parts of Afia and

America, will find men reafun there, perhaps, at

acutely as himfcif, who yet never heard of a fyl-

logifra. Locke.

Acu'teness. n.f. [from acute, which fee.]

1. Sharpnefs.

2. Force of intelledls.

They would not be fo apt to think, that there
cou'd be nothing added to the acutenefs and pene-
trat on of their underdandings. Locke.

3. Quicknefs and vigour of fenfes.

It eyes fo fiamed could not view at once the
hand and the hour-plate, their owner could not
be benefited by that a.utenefs; which, whild it
difcovered the fecret contrivance of the machine,
made him lofe its ufe. Locke.

4. Violence and fpeedy crifis of a malady.

We apply prefent remedies according to indi«
cations, refpefling rather the acutenrfs of the dif-
eafc, and precipitancy of the occafion, than the
rifing and letting of dars. Brown,

5. Sharpnefs of found.

1 his acutsnefs of found will fliew, that whild,
to the eye, the bell feems to be at red, yet the
minute parts of it continue in a very briflc motion,
without which they could not drike the air. Boyle.
Adkct to. participial adj. [adaiSus, Lat.]
Driven by force ; a word little ufed.
The verb adai3 is not ufed. Dia.

A'dage. ».y. [adagium, hit,'] A maxim
handed down from antiquity ; a proverb.

Shallow unimproved inctUe£is, are confident
pretenders to certainty; as if, contrary to the
adage, fcience had no friend but ignorance.

Glamille's Scepjis Scienti/ica»

Fine fruits of learning ! old ambitious fool,
Dar'd thou apply that adage of the fchool.
As if 'tis nothing worth that lies conceal'd,
And fcience is not fcience till reveaPd ? Dryden.

JDjTGIO. n.f. [Italian, at leifure.] A
term ufed by muficians, to mark a flow
time.

A'DAMANT. n.f. [adamas, Lat. from »
and ixfitu, Gr. that is inj'uperable, in-
frangible.']

1 . A ftone, imagined by writers, of im-
penetrable hardnefs.

So great a fear my name amongd thrm fpread.
That they fuppos'd I could rend bars of dcel.
And fpurn in pieces podsof <:</iin<»i/. Shaiefpcare,

Satan, witli vad and haughty drides aJvanc'd,
Came tow'ring, arm'd in adamant and gold.

Miltm^
Eternal Deities,
Who rule the world with abfolute decrees.
And write whatever time fliall bring to pafs.
With pens of adamant, on plates of brafs. Dryitn»

2. The diamond.

Hardnefs, wherein fome doncs exceed all other
bodies, and among them the adamant all other
doncs, being exalted to that degree thereof, that
art in vain endeavours to counterfeit it, the fac-
titious doncs of chymids, in imitation, being,
eafily detefled by an ordinary lapiJid.

Ray on the Creation,-

3 . Adamant is taken for the loadilpne.

Yon

ADA

ADD

ADD

Yoa draw me, you hard-hearted ajamant !
But yet you draw not iron j for my heart
is true as fteel. Shahfptare.

Let him change his lodging from one part if

the town to another, which is a great adamant of

acquaintance. Saccn.

Adamante'an. adj. [from adamant. '\

Hard as adamant.

He weapor.lefs himfelf,
. Made arms ridiculous, ufelefs the forgery
Of brazen ihleld and fpear, the hammered cuirafs,
Chalybean temperM ftcci, and irock of mail
Adair-antcan proof- M.Ucn.

This word occurs, perhaps, only in
this paffage.
Adama'ktine. adj. \adamantinut, Lat.]

1. Made of adamant.

Wide is the fronting gate, and raisM on high
With adamatil'uu columns, threats the (ky.

Drydtn,

2. Having the qualities of adamant; as,
hardneis, indifrolubility.

Could Eve's weak liand, extended to the tree,
\a (Under rend that adamanune chain,

Whofe golden links, eftcfts and caufes be.
And which to Cod'i own chair doth fix'd remain ?

Davtti,

An eternal flerility mud have poflefled the
world, where all things had been fixed and faft-
ened everlaftingly with the adamantine chains of
fpeciiic gravity ; if the Almighty had not fpoken
and faid, Let the earth bring forth grafs, the herb
\ieldlng feed, and the fruit-tree yielding fruit after
Its kind ; and it was fo. Bentlry,

In adamantine chain? ihall death be bound.
And hell's grim tyrant feel th' eternal wound.

Pofe.

Tho' adamantine bonds the chief redraln,
The dire rettraint his wlfdom will defeat.
And fjon reftore him to his regal f;at. Pcpe.

A'dam's-apple. a./ [in anatomy.] A

prominent part of the throat.
To ADA'PT. -v. a. [adapto, Lat.] To fit

one thing to another ; to fuit ; to. pro-
portion.
'Tis true, but let it not be known,

My eyes are fomewhat dimmilh grown ;

For nature, always in the right,

To your decays adafts my fight. Svoift.

It is not enough that nothing offends the ear,

tut a good poet will adaft the very founds, as well

as words, to the things he treats of.

Pope^t Letters.
Adapta'tiok. 71./. [from adaft.'\ The

aft of fitting one thing to another ; the

Atnefs of one thing to another.

Some fpecies there be of middle natures, that
is, of bird" and beaft, as batts ; yet are their parts
fo fet together, that we cjnnot define the begin-
ningor end of cither, tliere being a commixtion of
both, rather than adaftaikn or cement of the one
unto the other. Bn-wn't fulgar Errcun.

Adhefinn may be in part afcribed, either to
fome elartxji motion in the prelTed glafs, or to
the exquifite /u/afiation of the almoft numberlcfs,
though vrry fmall, afpcrities of the one, and the
numerous little cavil es of the other; whereby the
furfjccs do :ock in with one another, or are, as it
were, clafped t geiher. £tn/e.

Aoa'ption. It./, [from adaft.] The aft
of fitting.

It were aLne a fufficVnt work to (hew all the
necfflii es, the wife contrivances, and prudent
edafti'.m, of thefe admirable machines, for the
benefit of the whole. Cbcynt,

Ada'ptness. n.f. {(OT adaptedne/sfitom
adapt.]

.SoiT.e notes are to difplay the ajaptnefi of the' '
found to the fenfe. ' Dr.' Ntiuun.

This wor4 I have found no where
elfe.

To Adco'rporate. -v. a. [from ad and
corpus.] To unite one body with an-
other ; more ufually wrote accorporate ;
which fee.

To ADD. ni. a. [addo, Lat.]

1. To join fomething to that which was
before.

Mark if his birth makes any d'fference,
If to his words it adds one grain of fenfe. Dryden.

They, whofe mufes have the higheft flown.
Add not to his immortal memory,
But do an adt of friendrtiip to their own. Hoyden.

2. To perform the mental operation of
adding one number or conception to
another. To add to is proper, but to
add together feems a folecifm.

Whatloever pcfitive ideas a man has in his mind,
of any quantity, he can repeat it, and add it to the
former, as eafily as he can add together the ideas ot
two days, or two years. Locke.

A'ddable. adj. [from add.] That to
which fomething may be added. AS-
dible is more proper. It fignifies more
properly that which may be added.

The firll number in e^ery addition is called the
addable number, the other, the number or num-
bers added, and the number invented by the addi-
tion, the aggregate or fum. Cocker.
To Adde'cimate. -v. a. [addecimo, Lat.]
To take or afoertain tithes. Dii3.
To Adde'em. 1/. a. [from deem.] To
efleem ; to account. This word is now
out of nfe.

She fcorns to be addtem'd fo wortblefs-bafe,
As to be mov'd to fuch an infamy.

Banters Civil Wars.

A'dder. tt.f. [iErcep, JErzoy^, Nabbjie,
as it feems from eirtep. Sax. poifon.]
A ferpent, a viper, a poifonous reptile ;
perhaps of any fpecies. In common
language, adders zxsd./nakes are not the
fame.

Or is the adder better than the eel,
Becaufe his painted Ikin contents the eye ?

Sbakefpeare.
An adder did it ; for, with doubler tongue
Than thine, thou ferpent, never adder tlung.

Shakefpeare.

The adder teaches us where to ftrike, by her

curious and fearful defending of her head. Taylor.

A'dder's-crass. n.f. The name of a
plant, imagined by Skinner to be fo
named, becaufe ferpents lurk about it.

A'dder's-tokgue. n. f. \ophiogloffum,
Lat.] The name of an herb.

It hath no vifible flower ; but the feeds are
produced on a fpike, which refembles a ferpcnt's
tongue ; which feed is contained in many longi-
tudmal cells. Miller,

The moft common fimples are comfrey, bugle,
agrimony, fanicle, paul's-betony, fiuellin, peri-
winkle, adder" s-tongue. ffijiman's Surgery.

A'dder's-wort. a./. An herb fo named,
on account of its virtue, real or fup-
pofed, of curing the bite of ferpents.

A'ddible. adj. [from add.] PoiTible to
be added, SeeAuDABLE.

The cleared idea it can get of infinity, Is the
confufed, incomprehenfible remainder of cndlefs,
addible numbers, which affords no profpedt of
ftop, or boundary. Locke.

Addibi'lity. »./. [from addiik.] The
poffibility of being added.

This endlcfs addition, or addibiliiy (if any one
like the word better) of numbers, \o apparent to
the mind, is that which gives us tlic clearell and
mofl didin^ idea of-infinity. Locke.

A'oDiCE. a,/, [for which we corruptly

fpeak and write adz, from abej"e. Sax.
an axe.]

The addice hath its blade made thin and iomiim
what arching. As the axe hath its edge parallel
to its handle, fo the addice hath its edge athwart
the handle, and is ground to a bafil on its infide to
its outer edge. Moxcn's Meihaiiical Exercifes.

To ADDI'CT. -v. a. [addico. Lat.]

1. To devote, to dedicate, in a good
fenfe ; which is rarely ufed.

Ye knew the houfe of Stephanus, that they
have addicted themfelves to the miniftry of the
faints. I Cor. xvi. 1 5.

2. It is commonly taken in a bad fenfe ;

as , he addidcd himfelf to ■■vice.

3. To devote one's felf to any perfon,
party, or perfuafion. A Latinifm.

I am neither author or fautor of any fe£t '. I
will have no man addiEl himfelf to me ; but if I
have any thing right, defend it as truth's.

Ben Jonfon,

Addi'ctedness. n. f. [from addiiled.]
The quality or ftate of being addifted.

Thole know how little I have remitted of my
former addiHednefs to makechymical experiments.

Boyle*
Addi'ction. n.f. [addiaio, Lat.]

1. The aft of devoting, or giving up.

2. The ftate of being devoted.

It is a wonder how his grace Ihould glean it.
Since his addition was to courfcs vain j
His companies unletter'd, rude, and Ihallow;
His hours fiU'd up with riots, banquets, fports.

Shakefpeare.
A'dditament.»./ [additamentum, Lat.]
The addition, or thing added.

Iron will not incorporate with brafs, nor other
metals, of itfelf, by fimple fire : fo as the enquiry
muft be upon the calcination, and the additamentj
and the charge of them. Ba^cn.

In a palace there is firft the cafe or fabiick,
or moies of the ftrufture itfelf; and, befides that,
there are certain additamcnts that contribute to its
ornament and ufe ; as, various furniture, rare
fountains 9nd aquedudis, divers things appendi-
cated to it. Hale's Origin of Mankind.

Addi'tion. 11./. [from add.]

1. The aft of adding one thing to another;
oppofed to diminution. '

The infinite diftance between the Creator and
the nobieft of all creatures, can never be meafured,
nor exhauftcd byendlefs addition of finite degrees.

Bentky .

2. Additament, or the thing added.

It will not be modeftly done, if any of our
own wifdom intrude or interpofe, or be willing to
make additions to what Chrift and his apoftlet
have defigned. Hammond.

Some fuch refcmblances, methinks, I find
Of our lad evening's talk, in this thy dream.
But with addition ftrange ! Mi/ten.

The abolifhing of villanagc, together with the
cuftom permitted among the nobles, of felling
their lands, was a mighty addition to the power. of
the commons. ^ Swi/i.

3. In arithmetick.

Addition is the reduflion of two or more num-
bers of like kind together into one fum or total.

Cocker's Arithmetick.

4. In law, A title given to a man over
and above his chrillian name and fur-
name, fhewing his ellate, degree, oc-
cupation, trade, age, place of dwelling.

Cewel/,
Only retain
The name, and all th' addition to a king ;
The fway, revenue, execution,
Beloved fons, be yours ; which to confirm,
Thii coronet part bctweeo you. ■

Siakefp, King Lear,
£ z Frow

ADD

From this time,
For wh»t he did before Corioli, call him,
With all th' applaufe and clamnurof the hoft,
Caius Marcius Coriolanus. Bear th' aJdii'aa no-
bly ever. Shaktfpteris Ccrielanus.
There arofe new difputes upon the perfons
named by the king, or rather againft the aJJilm.s
and appellations of title, which were made to their
names. Clarendon.

ADDi'xiONAL.fl/^'. {(lom aJditioB.'] That
- which is added.

Our kalendar being once reformed and fct
right, it may be kept fo, without any confider-
able variation, for many ages, by omitting one
leap-year; i. e. the addiiioiial day, at the end of
every 1 34 years. thlder en Tune.

The greateft wits, that ever were produced in
one age, lived together in fo good an undetftand-
ing, and celebrated one another with fo much ge-
neroCty, that each of them receives an addiiknal
luftre from his «otemporaries. , Add'ifcn.

Thty include in them that very kind of evi.
dence, which is fuppofcd to be powerful : and do,
withal, afford us fevcral other addiiknal proofs, of
great force and clearnefs. Ailertury.

Addi'tional. n.f. Additament ; fome-
thing added. Not in ufe.

May be fome little adJitkr.al, may further the

incorporation. Bacon.

A'dditory. adj. [from arid.'] That

which has the power or quality of add-

The ajdilory fi^ion gives to a great man a
larger (hare of reputation than belongs to him, to
enable him to fcrve fome good end or purpr.fe,

j^rLutbnot.

A'DDLE. adj. [from abel, a difeafe. Sax.
according to Skinner and Junius ; per-
haps from ybel, idle, barren, unfruit-
ful.] Originally applied to eggs, and
fignifying fuch as produce nothing, but
grow rotten under the hen ; thence
transferred to brains that produce no-
thing.

There's one with truncheon, like a ladle,
That carries eggs too frefli or addle ;
And fiill at random, as he goes.
Among the rabble rout beftows. HuJiirat.

After much folitarinefs, fading, or long fick-
jiefs, their brains were addle, and their bellies as
empty of meat at their heads of wit.

Burton on Melancholy.

Thus far the poet ; but his brains grow addle:
And all the reft is purely from this noddle.

Dryden.

7'e A'ddle. V, a. [from addle, adj.] To
make addle ; to corrupt ; to make bar-
Ten.

This is alfo evidenced in eggs, whereof the
found ones fink, and fuch as are addled fwim; as
do alfo tbofe that are termed byfanewitc, or wind,
eggs. Brm>n''s Vulgar Errours.

T<> A'ddle. v. n. To grow ; to increafe.
Obfolete.

Where ivy embraceth the tree very fore.
Kill ivy, elfc tree will addle no more.

7uJ}ir^i Hujhardry.

A'ddle - PATED. adj. Having addled
brains. See Addle.

F'oor Daves in metre, dull and addle-fated.
Who rhyme below even David's pfalms traiiflatcd.

Dryden.

To ADDRE'SS. v. a. [addreffer, Fr. from
derefar. Spaa, from dirigo, direSum,
Lat.]

1 . To prepare one's felf to enter upon'any
a£lion ; as, he addrejfed bimfelf to the
•viiork. It has to before the thing.

With him the Palmer eke, in habit fad,
)ciiai%M addreft It that advCDCure hard.

fmrjf S^et

ADD

It lifted up its head, and did adirefi
Itfetfrc motion, like at it would fpcak.

Siakeff. Hamlet.

Then Turrut, from his chariot leaping light,
jiddrefi'd bimfelf on foot Co fingle fight. Drydrn.

2. To get ready ; to put in a ftate for
immediate ufe.

They fell direillyon the Englifli battle ; where-
upon the earl of Warwick addrejfed his men to
take the flank. Hay-ward.

Duke Frederick hearing, how that every day
Men of great worth reforted to this foreft,
Addreji'd a mighty power, which were on foot.
In his c.wn condudt purpofcly to take
His brother here. Shakrffeare'i Atyou like it.

To-night in flarflcur we will be your gueft.
To-morrow for the march we are addrifl.

Sbakeffeare.

3. To apply to another by words, with
v.irious forms of conftruftion.

4. Sometimes without a prcpofition.

To fuch I would addrtfi with this moft affec-
tionate petition. Decay of Piety.

Among the crowd, but far above the reft.
Young Tu^nus to the beauteous maid addrtjl.

Dryden.
Are nat your orders to addrcji the fenate .'

Addifon.

5. Sometimes with to,

ylddriJJ'.ng to I'ollio, his great patron, and him-
fclf no vu'gur poet, he began to affert his native
character, which is fublimity. Dryden.

6. Sometimes with the reciprocal pro-
noun ; as, he addrejfed him/elf to the ge-
neral.

7. Sometimes with the accufative of the
matter of the addrefs, which may be
the nominative to the paffive.

The young hero had addrejjcd his ^ray^rs to
him for his afljftance. Dryden.

The prince himfelf, with awful dread pofiefs'd.
His vo-ius to great Apollo thus addrejl. Dryden.

His fuitwjs common ; but, above the reft.
To both the brother-princes thus addrtjl. Dryden.

8. To addrefs [in law] is to apply to the
king in form.

'1 he rcprefentatives of the nation in parlia-
ment, and tiie privy-council, addrtfs^d the U.\n^ to
have it recalled. S'U'ift,

Addre'ss. n./. \addreffe, Fr.]

1. Verbal application to any one, by way
of perfuafion ; petition.

Henry, in knots involving Emma's name.
Had halfconfefs'd and half conceal'd his flame
Upon this tree ; and as the tender mark
Grew with the year, and widen'd with the bark,
Venus had heard the virgin's foft addrefs.
That, as the wound, the paflion might increafe.

Prior.

Moft of the perfons, to whom thefe addnjjci
are made, are not wife and ficilful judges, but are
influenced by their own finful appetites and paf-
Jions. fVatts^s Improvement of the Mind.

2, Courtfliip.

They often have reveal'd their paffion to me :
But, tell mc, whofe addrefs thou favcur'ft moft 3
I long to know, and yet 1 dread to hear it.

Addifen.
A gentleman, whom, I am furc, you yourfelf
would have approved, made his addrej/es to me.

Mdi_kn.

3; Manner of addrefling another; as, we
fay, a man of an happy or a pleafing ad-
drefs ; a man of an aiuktuard addrefs.

4. Skill, dexterity.

I could produce innumerable inftances from my
own obfervation, of events imputed to the pro-
found Ikill and addrefs of a miniftcr, which, in
reality, were either mere effefls of negligence,
wcaknefs, humour, paflion, or pride, or at beft
but the natural coiufe of tbines left to Uiemfelves.

Sviift.

A D E

5. Manner of direfting a letter; afcnfe
chiefly mercantile.

Addre ssER. »./. [horn addrefs.] The
perfon that addrcfl'es or petitions.

A D d u't E N T . adj. [adducens, Lat.] A word
applied to thofe mufcles that bring for-
ward, clofe, or draw together the pans
of the body to which they are annexed.

^incj.

To AoDu'LCE.-f. a. [addoucir, Fr. dukis,
Lat.] Tofweeten : a word not now in ufe.

Thus did the French cmbafladors, with great
fliew of their king's affeftion, and many fugared
words, feek to addulec all matters between the two
kings. Bacon s Henry y II.

A'dei.inc. n.f. [from asbel. Sax. ill uf.
trious.] A word of honour among the
Angles, properly appertaining to the
king's children : king Edward the Con-
felTor, being without iflue, and intend-
ing to make Edgar his heir, called him
adeling. Cttivdl.

Adeno'craphy. n.f. [from aor.rc and
yra.^iD, Gr.] A treatife of the glands.

A D e'm p T 1 o N . n.f. \adimo, ademptum, Lat.]
I'aking away ; privation. DiS.

Ade'pt. n. f. [from adeptus, Lat. that is,
adeptus artem.] He that is completely
/killed in all the fecrets of his art. It
is, in its original fignification, appro-
priated to the chymiils, but is now ex-
tended to other artills.

The prefervation of chaftity is eafy to true
adepts. Pope*

Ade'pt. adj. Skilful; throughly verfed.

If there be really fuch adept philolophers as we
are told of, I am apt to chink, that, among their
arcana, they are maders of extremely potent mcn-
ftruums. Beyle.

A'dequate. <z(^'. \_adeqi!atus,'L2iX.] Equal
to ; proportionate ; correfpondent to, fo
as to bear an exadl refemblance or pro-
portion. It is ufed generally in a figu-
rative fenfe, and often with the particl»
to.

Contingent death feems to be the whole ade-
quate objcti of popular courage ; but a neceflary
and unavoidable coflSn ftrikes palenefs into the
ftouteft heart. Harvey on Conjumptienf.

The arguments were proper, adequate, and fuf-
ficienc to compafs their refpeflive ends. South*
All our fimple ideas arc adequate ; becaufe^
being nothing but the effcdts of certain powers in
things, fitted and ordained by God to produce
fuch fenfations in us, they cannot but be corref-
pondent and adequate to thofe powers. Locke,
Thofe are adequate ideas, which perfeflly repre-
fent their archetypes or objefis. Inadeijiiate are
but a partial, or incomplete, reprefcntation of
thofe archetypes to which they arc referred,

ffatts's L'pck.
A'DEqvATthY. ad'v. [from adejuate.]

1. In an adequate manner; with juilnefs
of reprefcntation ; with exaftncfs of pro-
portion.

Gratitude confifts adequately in thefe two things >
firft, that it is a debt; anJ, fecondly, that it it
fuch a debt as is left to every man's ingenuity,
whether he will pay or no. South,

2. h is ufed with the particle to.

Piety is the necelTary Chrifiian virtue, propor.
tioned adequately to the omnifcicnce and fpicitu-
ality of that infinite Deity.

Hammcntts Fundamentals,

A'dequateness. n.f. [from adequate."^

The llate of being adequate ; juftncfs of

reprefentation ; exaftnefs of proportion.

Adespo'tick.

Adsspo'tick.

defpotick.
r» ADHE'RE. -v
1. To ftick to :

A D H

adj. Not abfokte

with to before the thing.

; not
Dm.
n, \adhttreo, Lat.]
as, wax to the finger;

to be

3. To ftick, in a figurative fenfe ;
confiftent ; to hold together.

Why every thing adhirci together, that no dram
of a fcrup'.e, no'fcrjple of a fcniple, no incredu-
lous or unfarc citcumftancc—

btiikeffeare'i T-.velfib Niglt.

3. To remain firmly fixed 10 a party, per-
fon, or opinion.

Good gentkmcn, hehzthmuch talk'd of you ;
And fur; I am, two men there are not living.
To whom he more adheres, Sbaiefp, Ham/et,

Every man of lenfe will agree with me, that
Angularity is laudible, when, in contradiftion t >
a multitude, it adbtres to the dictates of con-
fclence, morality, and honour. Boyle,

Adhe'rence. n, f. \ivova. adhere .'\ See
Adhesion.

1. The quality of adhering, or (licking;
tenacity.

2. In a figurative fenfe, fixednefs of mind ;
fteadinefs ; fidelity.

The tirm adherence of the Jews to their religion
IB no Icfs temarlcabie than their dilperiian ; conii-
dering it as pcrfccuted or contemned o\cr the
whole earth. Add'iJQn.

A conftant adherence to one fort of diet may
have bad cC'cdls on any conflitution.

jlrbulbr.'jt on j^/imerts.

Plain good fenfe, and a Arm adbtrtnee to (he
point, have proved m'Te effectual than tliole arts,
which are contemptuoufly called the fpirit ot re-
gociating. Sviif:.

Adhe'rency. n.f. [The fame with W-
herence.^

1. Steady attachment.

2. That which adheres.

Vices have a nat.ve adbertncy of vexation.

Decay tf Piety.

Adhe'rcnt. adj. [bom adhert,'\

1. Sticking to.

Clofe to the cliff with both his hands he clung.
And ftuck adheyertt, and fufpended hung. Pife.

2. United with.

Modes are f:iid to be inherent or adherent, that
is, proper or improper. Adhereitt or improper
modes arifc from the joining of fome accidcntil
fubftdncc to the chief fubjecl, which yet may be
feparated from it; fo when a bowl is wet, or a
boy is clothed, thefe are aJhereni modes; for the
water and the clctbes are difllndl t'ubllances which
adhere to the bowl, or to tA : boy. /frt/.'j'j Logick.
Adhe'rent. n.f. [hovn adhere.']

1 . The perfon that adheres ; one that fup-
ports the caufe, or follows the forluue
of another ; a follower, a partifan.

Princis muft give proteftion to their fubjefls
and aHiereaii, vihca worthy occalion /hall re<juire
it. Rate'i^h.

A new war mull be undertakcji upon the advice
of thofe, wh", with their partifans and adf erertif
wer« to be the fole gainers by it. iiivift.

2. Any thing outwardly belonging to a
perfon.

When they cannot fliake the main fort, they
mull try if they can pnffefs thcmfelves of the
outworks, raife fome prejudice againll his difcie-
tion, his humour, his ca riage, and his cttniific
etdhtrerti. Government cf the Tongue.

Adhe'rer. a./, [from adhere.] He that
adheres.

He on lit to be indulgent to tender confcicncfsi

bur, at 'he fiinc timr, a firm adherer to the efta-

blirt.'d cliurch. Sivifi.

Ad he's ION. n./. [adhef/io, Lat.]

1. The aft or ftatc of flicking to fome-

8

A D J

thing. Adhefion is generally ufed in the
natural, and adherence in the metapho-
rical fenfe : as, the adhejton of iron to the
magnet ; and adherence of a client to his
patron.

Why therefore may not the minute parts of
other bodies, it they be conveniently shaped icx
adbeji'tny ftick. to one another, as well as ftick to
this ipiric ? Boyk,

The reft corfifting wholly in the fenfible con-
firmation, as fmooth and rough 5 or elfe more,
or lefs, firm adhcjion cf the parts, as hard and
fofc, tough and brittle, are obvious. Locke.

■ — Prove that all things, on occafionj
Love union, and defire adbcfion* Prior,

2. It is fometimes taken, like adherence,
figuratively, for firmnefs ia an opinion,
or Ileadinefs in a practice.

The fame want of Iincerity, the firae adbeficn
to vice, and averfion from goodnefs, wilt be
equally a reafon for their reje^ing any proof
whatfoevcr. yitterbury,

Adhe'sive. adj. [from adhefion,'] Stick-
ing ; tenacious.

It" flow, yet fure, adbeji've to the tra£V,
Hot-fteaining «p, Thomfon*

To ADHl'BIT. o/. a. {adhibeo. Lat.] To
apply ; to make ufe of.

bait, a neccfiary ingredient in all facriiices, was
adhibited and required in this view only as an em-
blem of purification.

Prefdint Forbei'i Letter to a Bijhal>.
Adhibi'tion. n.f. [hoxnadhibit.] Ap-
plication ; ufe. Z);V?.
Adja'cency. n.f. [from adjaceo, Lat.]

1. The ftate of lying clofe to another thing.

2, That which is adjacent. See Adja-
cent.

Becaufe the Cape hath fea on both fides near
it, and other lands, remote as it were, equi-
dillant from it ; tliercforc, at that point, the
needle is nut diltiatled by the vicinity of adja-
eenciet, Bro^vn^s yulgjr Erroun.

Adja'cikt. adj. [adjaceits, Lat.] Lying
near or clofe ; bordering upon fomc-
tbing.

It may corrupt within Itfelf, although no part of
it iffue into the b dy adjacent. Bacin.

Uniform pellucid mediums, fuch as water, have
no fenfible refle^i.n but in their external fuper-
ficies, where thzy are adjacent to other mediums
of a different dcolity. Netuton,

Adja'ce^it. tt.f. That which lies next
another.

The fcBfe of the author goes vilibly in its own
train, and the words receiving a determined fenfe
from their companions and adjacenti, will not
confcnt to give countenance and colour to what
muft be fupported at any rate. Locke.

Adiaphorous, adj. [aJiaSoiJi©-, Gr.]
Neutrnl ; particularly ufed of fomefpirits
and falts, wldch are neither of an acid
or alkaline nature. ^incy.

Oui- adiaphoroiit fpirit may be obtained, l^y dif-
tilling the liquor that is afforded by woods and
divers other bodies. Beyle.

AotA'tHORY. n.f. [aJia^ojia, Gr.] Neu-
trality ; indifference.

To ADJE'CT. 1/. a. [adjicio, adjeHum,
Lat.] To add to ; to put to another
thing.

Adje'ction. n.f. [adjeOio, Lat.]

1. 'I'he aft of adjefting, or adiling.

2. The thing adjefted, or added.

That unto every poufd of fulphur, an adjeSlion
of jne ounce of qaickfiiVfr j or unto every pound
of pctre, one ounce of lal-amm' niac, will much
int-nd the force, and confequently the rrport, J
fijid no verily. Bnwn'i f^ulgar £rreuri.

A D J

Adjecti'tious. ac^. [from ad/e<3ioH.']
Added ; thrown in upon the reft.

A'djective. n.f. [adjeBi'vutn, Lat.] A
word added to a noun, to fignify the ad-
dition or feparation of fome quality,
circuraftance, or manner of being ; as,
good, bad, are adjeBi'vei, becaufe, in
fpeech, they are applied to nouns, to
modify their fignification, or intimate
the manner of exiftence in the things
flgnified thereby. Clarke's Latin Gram,
Ail the verf:iica*ion of Claudian is included
within the compafs of four or five lines ; perpetu-
ally clofing his lenfe at the end of a vcrfe, and that
vcrf; commonly which they call golden, or two
fubltantivcs and two adjtclirjes, with a verb betwixt
them, to keep the peace. Dryden,

A'djectively. ad'v, [from adjeili've.]
After the manner of an adjeftive ; a
term of grammar.

Adieu', adv. [from a Bieu, ufed ellipti-
cally for a Dieu je "vous commende, ufed
at the departure of friends.] The form
of parting, originally importing a com-
mendation to the Divine care, but nonf
ufed, in a popular fenfe, foipetimes to
things inanimate ; farewell.

Ne gave him leave to bid that aged fire
Adieu, but nimbly ran her wonted courfc.

Tairy Slucen,
Ufe a mor^ fpacious ceremony to the noble
lords; you reflrained yourlelf within the lift of
too cold an ad.eu ; he more expreffive to them.

Shake' fenre's W//"i •zueli ibat ends welf.
While now 1 take my laft adieu.
Heave thou no figli, nor ihed a tear ;

Left yet my half-clos'd eye may view
On earth an objedt worth its care. Priori

To Adjo'in. i». a. \_adjoindre, Fr. ad-
>afo, Lat.]

1. To join to ; to unite to ; to put to.

As one who long in populous city p.'nt
Forth ifiuing on a fummcr's morn to breathe
Among the pleafant villages and farms
Adjoind, from each tliiag met conceives delight.

Milton*

Correftions or Improvements fliould be as re-
marks adjoin/d, by way of note or commentary,
in their proper places, and fupcradded to a regular
trcatife. IVjus.

2. To fatten by a joint or junfture."

As a malfy wheel
Fixt on the fummit of the higheft mount.
To whofe huge fpoke ten thoufand leffer things
Are mortis'd and adjoined, Shakej'feare,

To Adjo'in. v, n. To be contiguous to ;
to lie next, fo as to have nothing be-
tween.
Th' adjoining fane, th' affembled Creeks ex-
prefs'd.
And hunting of the Caledonian heart. Dryden,
In learning any thing, as little fliould be pro-
pofed to the mind at once, as is poflible; and,
that being underftood and fully maftered, proceed
to the next adjoining, yet unknown, funpic, un-
perplexcd propofition, belonging n the ma ter ia
hand, and tending to the clearing what is princi--
pa'ly defigneil. Locke,

To ADJO'URN. 'v.a, [adjourner, Fr.]
I. To put otf to another day, naming the
time ; a term ufed in juridical pro-
ceedings ; as, of parliaments, or courts
of juftice.

1 he queen being abfent, 'tis a needful fitnelsi
That we adjourn this court to further day=

Sbakefpeare,

By the king's authority alone, and by 'lis writs,

they ari affembled, and by him alone are they

prorogued and dilluived } but each lioufe may ad.,

journ itUif. Bacon,

z. To

A D J

a. To put ofF; to defer ; to let flay to a
future time.

Then, Jupiter, thou king of gods,
Why hail thou thus adjourned

The graces for his merits due,
Being all to dolours turn'd. Shairff, Cymh.

Crown high the goblets with ■ chearful draught:
Enjoy the ptcfcnt hour, adjcurm the ftiture thought.

Dry den.

The formation of animals being foreign to my

purpofe, 1 Ihall adjourn the confidcrari'^n of it t )

another occafion. H^oodxoard's t/atural H'ljlory.

Adjo'urnment.w./ [adjournement, Fr. ]

I. An aflignment of a day, or a putting

off till another day.

Mjiurnmtnt in tyre, an appointment of a day,
when the jultices in eyre mean to fit again.

Q/tveli.

3. Delay ; procrafUnation ; difmilTion to
. a future time.

We will and we will not, and then we will not
again, and we will. Ac this rate wc run our lives
out in adjournments from time to time, out of a
fantaftical levity that holds us off and on, betwixt
hawk and buzsard. L^BJlrange.

A'oiTQVs.adj. \_aJipofus,'LaX.'\ Fat. Di3.
A'dit. rt.f. [adirui, Lat.] A paffage for
the conveyance of water under ground ;
a palTage under ground in general ; a
term among the minemen.

For conveying away the water, they ftand in aid

of fundry devices j as, ad'tis, pumps, and wheels,

^ driven by a llrtram, and interchangeably tilling and

emptying two buckets. Careiv>

The delfs would be fo flown with waters (it be-
ing imj^olTible to make any adits or fouglis to drain
them) that no gins or machines could fulHce to lay
and keep them dry. ^ay,

Adi'tion. n.f. [from adeo, aJiium, Lat.]

The aft of going to another. DJ3.

7*0 Adju'dge. "v. a, [adjudico, Lat.]

I . To give the thing controverted to one

of the parties by a judicial fentence ;

with the particle to before the perfon.

The way of difputing in the fchools is by in-
iifting on one topical argument j by the fuccefs
of which, victory is adjudged to the opponent,
or defendant. Locke*

The great competitors for Rome,
Cxfar and Pompey, on Pharfalian plains.
Where ftern Bellona, with one final flroke,
jtdjudg'd the empire of this globe to one. Ptillips.

z. To ientence, or condemn to a punifh-
ment ; with to before the thing.

But though thou art adjudged to the death ;
Yet I will favour thee in what I can. Shakeff.

3. Simply, to judge ; to decree ; to de-
termine.

He adjudged him unworthy of his friendfliip,
purpofing Hiarply to re\'enge the wrong he had rc-
ceivfd. Kncllcs.

rsADJU'DICATE. -v. a. [adjudico, Lat.]
To adjudge ; to give fomething contro-
verted to one of the litigants, by a fen-
tence or decifion.

A D J u D I c a't I o n . h. / [adjudicatio, Lat. ]
The aft of j lodging, or of granting
fomething to a litigai^t, by a judicial
fentence.

To A'djuoate. 'V. a. [adjugo, Lat.] To
yoke to ; to join to another by a yoke.

A'djument. ». /. \_adjumentum, Lat.]
Help ; fupport. DiS.

A'DJUNCT. n.f. [adju>i3um, Lit.]
I. Something adherent or urtited to an-
otixer, though not e^entially part of it.

A D J

Leirn'mg is but tt\ adjunff to ourfelf.
And where wc arc, our learning likewife is* Shak.

But 1 make hafte to connder you as ab(lra£)ed
from a court, which (if you will give me leave to
ufe a term of logick) is only an adjunSi) not a
propriety, of happincfs. Dryden,

The talent of difcretion, in its feveral adjunHs
and circumftances, is no where fo ferviccable as to
the clergy. Snvift.

2. A perfon joined to another. This fenfe
rarely occurs.

He made him the aObciate of his heir-apparent,
together with the lord Cottington (as an adjurd
of fingular experience and truft) in foreign travels,
and in a bufinefs of love. fVofton.

A'djunct. adj. United with; imme-
diately confequent.

So well, that what you bid me undertake.
Though that my death were adjunli to my afl,
I'd do "t. Sbakefp. King John,

Adju'nction. n.f. \adjun3io, Lat.]

\ . The aft of adjoining, or coupling to-
gether.

2. The thing joined.

Adju'nctive. n./. [adjunSi'vut, Lat.]

r. He that joins.

2. That which is joined.

Adjura'tion. n.f. [ae/juratio, hat.]

1 . The aft of adjuring, or propofing an
oath to another,

2. The form of oath propofed to another.

When thefe learned men faw ficknefs and frenzy
cured, the dead raifed, the oracles put to filence,
the dxmons and evil fpirits forced to confefs tfiem-
felvcs no gods, by perfons, who only made ufe of
prayer and adjurations in the name of their cruci-
fied Saviour ; how could they doubt of their Sa-
viour's power on the like occafions ?

Mdifm on the Cbrifiian Religion.
To ADJU'RE. -v. a. [adjuro, Lat.] To
impole an oath upon another, prefcrib-
ing the form in which he (hall fwear.

Thou know'ft, the magiftrates
And princes of my country came in perfon.
Solicited, commanded, threaten'd, urg'd,
jidjur'd by all the bonds of civil duty.
And of religion, prcfs'd how juft it was,
How honourable. MiJton.

■ 'Ve lamps of heaven ! he faid, and lifted high
His hands now free, thou venerable Iky !
Ye facred altars ! from whofe flames 1 fled.
Be all of vou adjured. Dryden.

To ADJU'ST. 'V. a. \adj after, Fr.]

1. To regulate ; to put in order ; to fettle
in the right form.

Your Lordlhip removes all cur difliculties, and
fupplies all our wants, fafter than the mod vi-
fionary projector can adjujl his fchemes. Siuift.

2. To reduce to the true ftate or Itandard ;
to make accurate.

The name's of mixed modes, for the moft part,
want llaniiards in nature, whereby men may re^ify
and adjufi their fignification \ therefore they an-
very various and doubrfu'. Locke.

3. To make conformable. It requires the
particle to before the thing to wliich the
conformity is made.

As to the accomplilhment of this remarkable
prophecy, whoever reads the account given by Jo-
iephus, without knowing his charadte., and com-
pares it with what our Saviour foretold, would
think the hiftorian had been aChrlft'an, and that
he had nothing elfe in view, but to adjufi the event
to the prediAion. jiddif n.

Adju'stment. n.f. [adjiiftement, Fr.]
I. Regulation; the aft of putting in me-
thod ; fcttlement.

The farther and clearer adjufiment of this affair,
I am conftraincd to adjourn to the larger treatife.

tfiidivard.

\

ADM

2. The ftate of being put In method, or
regulated.

It is a vulgar idea we have of a watch or cloclc,
when we conceive of it as an inftrument made to
Ihew the hour : but it is a learned idea which the
watch-maker has of it, who knows all the feveral
parts of it, together with the various connexions
and adjufimentt of each part. ff^aiti't Logiik,

A'djutant. n. /. A petty officer, whofe
duty is to ainit the major, by diftribut-
ing the pay, and overfeeing the punilh-
ment, of the common men.
To ADJU'TE. 1*. a. [adju-vo, adjufum,
Lat.] To help ; to concur : a word not
now in ufe.

For there be
Six bachelors as bold as he,
j^juting to his company ;
And each one hath his livery.

BenJonftM't Undervioods,

Adju'tor. »./ [aJJutor, Lit.] A helper.

Dia.

Adju'tory. ad;, [ad/uteriiu. Lit.] That

which helps. Di^.

Adju'trix. »./ [Lat.] She who helps.

A'djuvant. adj. [adjwvant. Lit.] Help,
ful ; ufeful. Dia.

To A'djuvate. o;. a. [adjwvo, Lat.] To
help; to further; to put forward.

Di3.

Admb'asuremEnt. n. /. [See Mea-
sure.] The adjuftment of proportions ;
the aft or praftice of meafuring accord-
ing to rule.

Admeajurement is a writ, which lieth for the
bringing of thofe to a mediocrity, that afutp more
thai! their part. It lieth in two cafes : one is
termed admeajurement of dower, where the widow
of the deceafed holdethfrom the heir, or his guar-
dian, more in the name of her dower, than bc-
longeth to her. The other is admeujurement of
pafture, which lieth between thofe that have com-
mon of paliure appendant to their freehold, or
common by vicinage, in cafe any one of them, or
more, do furcharge the common with more cattle
than they ought. Ccwd/m

In fome counties they are not ipuch acquainted
\fhh admeafuremnl by acre; and thereby the writs
contain twice or thrice fo many acres mure than
the land hath. Bacon*

Admensu R a'tion. n.f. [ad ind menfura,
Lat.] The aft, or praftice, of meafuring
out to each his part.
Admi'nicle. n.f. [adminicuhm, Lat.]
Help ; fupport ; furtherance. DiS.

Admi Ni'cuLAR. adj. [from adminicu-
lum,h<iX.] That which gives help. Diff.
To ADMl'NISTER. -v. a. [adminifro,
Lat.]

1. To give ; to afford ; to fupply.

I.ct zephyrs bland
Adminifler y ■ tepid genial airs ;
Naught fear i.c from the welt, whofe gentle

warmth
Difdofes well the earth's all-tceming womb.

Pbilifs.

2. To aft as the minifter or agent in an^r
employment or office ; generally, but
not always, with fome hint of fubordi-
nation : as, to adminifter the govern-
ment.

For forms of government let fools contefl,
Whate'er is beft adninifler'd, is bell-. Pofe,

3. To adminiller juflicej to diflribute
right.

4. To

ADM

4. To admlnifter the facraments, to dlf-
penfe them.

Have not they the old popifh cuftom of adtrini-
Jl'ring the bleiTcd facrament of the holy eucharift
with wafer-cakes ? Hosier.

5. To adminifter an oath ; to propofe or
require an oath authoritatively ; to ten-
der an oath.

Swear by the duty that you owe to heav'n.
To keep the oath that wc adminifter, Shakefpeare.

6. To adminifler phyfic j to give pnyfic
as it is wanted.

1 was carried on men's ihoulders, adminijlering
phylick and phlebotomy. Wafcri Voyage.

7. To adminifter to ; to contribute ; to
bring fupplies.

I rouft not omit, that there is a fountain rifing
in the upper part of my garden, which forms a
little wandering rill, and adminiflirs to the pleafure,
as well as the plenty, of the place. SpeSItitor.

8. To perform the office of an adrainiftra-
tor« in law. See Aoministrator.

Neal's order was never performed, becaufe the
executors durft not adminijler.

•Arbuthnot and Pope,

To Admi'nistrate. 1/. «. \adminiftro,
Lat.] To exhibit ; to give as phyfick.
Not in ufe.

They have the fame effefts in medicine, when
inwardly admtmjirated to animal bodier.

Wo'^dvjard,

Administra'tion. n.f. [aJminiftratio,

Lat.]

1. The aft of adminiflering or condufting
any employment ; as, the condufting

. the public affairs ; difpenling the laws.

I then did ufe the perfon of your fjther ;
The image of his power lay then in me :
And in th' admtn'ijl ration oi \\\i law,
While I was bufy for the commonwealth.
Your highnefs pleafcd to forget my place.

Shakrfpeare.

In the rtiort time of hii adminjftratiottt he ihone
fo powe- fully upon me, chat, like the heat of a
RuQian fummer, he ripened the fruits of poetry in
a cold clima'c. Dry'dtti,

2. The aftive or executive part of govern-
ment.

It may pafi for a maxim in ftate, that the ad-
miniftrai'um cannot be placed in too few hands, nor
the legiflature in too many. Stvift,

3. Colleftively, thofe to whom the care
of public affairs is committed ; as, the
adminiftration has been oppofed in par-
liament.

4. Dillribution ; exhibition ; difpenfation.

There is, in facraments, to be obferved their
force, and their form of adminifiratioH, Hocker,
By the univerfal admini/lrathn of grace, begun
by our blelTed Siviour, enlarged by his apoftles,
carried on by their iromediaic fuccefTors, and to
be completed by the reft to the wo-ld's end j all
types that darkened this faith are enlig'itcned.

•Sprat's St-rm'jnt,

Administrative. aJj. [from admini-

ftraie.'\ That which adminillers; that

by which any one adminillers.

Aduinistra'tor. n.f, \adminiflrator ,

Lau]
1. Is properly uken for him that has the
goods of a man dying inteftate com-
mitted to his charge by the ordinary,
and is accountable for the fame, when-
ever it fhail pleafe the ordinary to call
upon him thereiinto. Conuell.

He was wonderfully diligent to enquire and ob-
ferve what became of the king of Arragon, in
hoUijig Che kingdom of Caftille, and whether he

ADM

did hold It in his own right, or as admmfirator to
his daughter. Bacon's Henry VH.

2. He that officiates in divine rites.

I feel my confclence bound to remember the
tleath of Chrift, with fome fociety of Chriftians or
other, Cnce it is a moft plain command j whether
the perfon, who diftributes thcfe elements, be
only an occafional or a fettled adminijfrator.

Watt:.

3. He that condufts the government.

The rcfidence of the prince, or chhf adttiim^ra-
ror of the civil power. Sioift,

Admi'nistr ATRix. ti, /. [Lat.] She
who adminillers in confequence of a
will.
Administra'torship. n.f. [from «^-
miniftrator,'\ The office of adminiHra-
tor.
Admirabi'lity. n,f. \admirabilis, Lat. ]
The quality or ftate of being admira-
ble. Dia,
A'dmirable. adj. [admirabilis, Lat.]
To be admired ;, worthy of admiration ;
of power to excite wonder : always ta-
ken in a good fenfe, and applied either
to perfons or things.

The more power he hath to hurt, the more ad-
m'lrakle is his praife, that he will not hurt.

Sidney,
God was with them in all their adiiitions, and,
at length, by working their admirable deliverance,
did teftify that they ferved him not in vain.

Hooker,

What admiraili things occur in the remains of

feveral other phllofophers ! Short, I conftfs, of

the rules of chriftianity, but generally above the

lives of chriftians. Soutb'i Sermotii.

You can at moft
To an indiff rent lover's praife pretend :
But you would fpoil an admirible friend. Drydin.
A'dmirableness. n,/. [from admirable.']
The quality of being admirable ; the
power of raifing wonder.
A'dmirablv. adni, [from admirable.]
So as to raife wonder ; in an admirable
manner.

The theatre is the moft fpacious of any I ever
faw, and fo admirably well contrived, that, from
the very depth of the ftage, the loweft found may
be heard diftin£tly to the fart he ft part of the au-
dience, as in a whifpering place j and yet, raife
your voice as high as you pleafe, there is nothing
like an echo to caufe the leaft crmfufion. Mdifcr..

A'DMIRAL. ». y: [amiral, Fr, of un.
certain etymology.]

1. An officer or magiftrate that has the
government of the king's navy, and the
hearing and determining all caufes, as
well civil as criminal, belonging to the
fea. Coxuell.

2. The chief commander of a fleet.

He alfo, in battle at fea, overthrew Rcdericuj
Rotundus, admiral of Spain, in which fight the
admiral, with his fon, were both flain, and feven
of his gallies taken. Knolles.

Make the fea (nine with gallantry, and all
The Englilh youth (lock to tUc'n admiral. fVaikr.

3. The fhip which carries the admiral or
commander of the fleet.

The admiral galley, wherein the emperor him-
fclf Wis, by great mifchance, ftruck upon a fand.

Knolles.

A'dmiralship. ». / [from admiral.]
The office or power of an admiral.

A'dmi RALTY. 11./. [amiraulle, Fr.] The
power, or officers, appointed for the ad-
miniftration of naval affairs.

Aumira'tion, a./, [admiralio, Lat.]

ADM

1. Wonder; the aifl of admiring or won-
dering.

Indu'd with human voice, and human fenfe,
Reafonjng to admiration. Milton*

The paftions always move, and therefore, con-
fequently, pleafe ; for, without motion, there can
be no delight : which cannot be confidercd but as
an aftive palfion. When we view tho^ elevated
ideas of nature, the refult of that view M admira~
tioit, which is always the caufe of pleafure.

Dryden.

There is a pleafure in admiration, and this is
that which properly caufeth admiration, when we
difcover a great deal in an objedl which we un-
derftand to be excellent} and yet we fee, we know
nn how much more beyond that, which our un-
derftandings cannot fully reach and comprehend.

Tillotfon.

2. It is taken fometimes in a bad fenfe,
though generally in a good.

Your boldnefs I with admiration fee ;
What hope had you to gain a queen like me?
Becaufe a hero forc'd me once away.
Am I thought lit to be a fecond prey ? Dryden,
To ADMI'RE. v. a. [admiro, Lat. ad-
mirer, Fr.]

1 . To regard with wonder : generally in
a good fenfe.

'Tis here that knowledge wonders, and there is
an admiration that is not the daughter of igno-
rance. This indeed ftupidly gazeth at the un-
wonted effe& i but the philofophic paftion truly
admires and adores the fup.cme efficient.

Glanville*

2. It is fometimes ufed, in more familiar
fpeech, for to regard 'vtith lo've.

3. It is ufed, but rarely, in an ill fenfe.

You have difplac'd the mirth, broke the good
meeting
With moft admir'd iiCorder. Shakefp. Macbeth.

To Admi're. 'v.n. To wonder J fome-
times with the particle at.

The eye is already fo perfect, that I believe the
reafon of a man would eafily have refted here, and.
admird at his own contrivance. Ray on the Creation.
Admi'rer. 71,/, [from admire.]

1. The perfon that wonders, or regard*
with admiration.

Neither Virgil nor Horace would have gained
fo great reputation, had they not been the friends
and admirers of each other. Addijoti.

Who moft to (hun or hate mankind pretend.
Seek an admirer, or would lix a friend. Pope.

2, In common fpeech, a lover.
AoMi'RiKGLY.ad-v. [from admire,] With

admiration ; in the manner of an ad-
mirer.

The king very lately fpoke of him admiringly
and mournfully. Sbakrfp. All's ivelltbatendsivill.

We may yet further admiringly obfervc, that men

ufually give frcelieft where they have not given

before. Boyle*

Admi'ssible. adj. [admitio, admijfum,.

Lat.] That which may be admitted.

Suppofe that this fuppofition were admijfible, yet
this would not any way be inconliftent with the
eternity of the divine nature and e(rence.

Hale's Origin of Mankind^
Admt'ssion. n.f, [admi^o, L3.t.]

1 . The aft or praftice of admitting.

There was alfo enacted that ciiaritable law, for
the admi£ion of poor fuitors without fee ; whereby
poor men became rather able to vex, than unable
to fue. Bacon's Henry VII*

By means of our folitary (ituation, and our rare
admf£ion of ftrangers, wc know molt part of the
habrtable world, and arc ourfclves unknown.

Bacon's Ne^u Atalantii .

2. The ftate of being admitted.

My father faw you ill deligns purfue ;
A«d jny admillm fljow'd his feat of you. Dryden.

ADM

ADM

ADO

Cri «iid tlwn tjcrcife man's hopts with the ex-
pcfijiions of a btttcr paruJifi', or i more intimitr
^dmij/icK to himfelf. Staib't Strmeni.

Our kin; defcendi from Jove i
Aod hither are we come by bis command,
To crave iutwtjjittt in your happy land. Dryden,

3. Admittance ; the power of entering, or
being admitted.

All finings have fome degt« of heat, none ever
freezing, no not in the longeft and fevereft frofts ;
efpeclally thofe, where there is fuch a fite and dif-
pofition of the ftrata as gives free and cafy ad-
mffan to this heat. WixdiUard'% Natural IliJIoiy.

4. {In the ecclefiaftical law.] It is, when
the patron prefents a cierk to a church
that is vacant, and the bi(hop, upon
examination, admits and allows of fuch
clerk to be fitly qualified, by faying,
AJmitto ie habilem. Ayliffe' s Parergon.

5. The allowance of an argument ; the
grant of a pofition not fully proved.

To ADMI'T. 1'. a. [aJmitto, Lat.]

1. To fuifer to enter ; to grant entrance.

Mirth, admit me of thy crew. Milton.

Does not one table Bavius ftill cdmit T Pipe.

9. To fufFer to enter upon an office ; in
which fenfe the phrafe of admijpon into a
eollege. Sec. is ufed.

The trcafurcr found it no hard matter fo far to
terrify hiiri, that, for the king's fervice, as was
pretended, he admitted, for a fix-clerk, a pcrfcn
recommended by him. C/arindm.

3. To allow an argument or pofition.

Suppofe no weapon can thy valour's pride
Subdue, that by no force thou may'ft be won,
jUmt no ftcel can hurt or wound thy fide,
And be it hcav'n bath thee fuch favour done.

Fairfax,
This argument is like to have the lefs effcit on
tne, feeing I cannot eafily admit the inJcrence.

Loch.

4. To allow, or grant in general j fome-
times with the particle of.

If you once admit if a latitude, that thoughts
may be exalted, and images raifed above the life,
that leads you infenfibly from your own principles
to mine. Drydtn.

Admi'ttable. adj. \ixom admit. "] The
perfon or thing which may be admitted.
Btciufe they have not a bladder like thofe wc
cfcf::rvein others, they have no gall at all, is a pa-
rilogifm not admiitabli, a fallacy that nceis not
the fun to fcatter it. Bmvn.

The clerk, who is prcfcnted, ought to prove to
the bllhop, that he is a deacon, and that he has
orders j otherwife, the bifliop is not bound to ad-
mit him ; for, a> the law then ftood, a deacon was
4idmittatle. yiynfe's Parergon.

Admi'ttance. n.f. [(rom admit .']
1. The aft of admitting ; allowance or
permilTion to enter.

It cannot enter any man's conceit to think it
lawful, that every man which Uilcth .'hould take
upon him charge in the church; and th-refbrc a
folemn admittance is of fuch neceflity, that, without
it, there can be no church-polity. Hooter.

A» to the admittance of the weighty elaftic parts
ef the air into the blood, through the coats of
the veffels,*! feems contrary to experiments upon
deaJ bodies. jlrtuthnct on Alimentu

i. The power or right of entering.

What
■ If I do line one of their hands .' — 'tis gold

Which buys admittarce. Staieffeare'i CymMint.
Surely a daily expectation at ihc £jtc, is the
readied way to gain admittance into the houfc.
_, Souths Sermons.

There's news from Bertran ; he dcfircs
Admittance to the king, and criti aloud,
TJ»s day liaU end our fears. Dryden.

There are fome ideas which hitt adp:!tt:!net on^y
through one fenfe, which is peculiarly adapted to
receive them. Loeie.

J. Cuftom, or prerogative, of being ad-
mitted to great perfons : a fenfe now
out of ufe.

Sir John, you are a gentleman of excellent
breeding, of great admiilanci, authentick in your
place and perfon, generally allowed for your many
warlike, couttllke, and learned preparations.

Sbakefpeare.

4. Conceflion of a pofition.

Nor could the Pythagorean give eafy admittance
thereto j for, holding that fcparate fouls fuccef-
fivcly fupplied other bodies, they could hardly al-
low the raifiog of fouls from other worlds.

Btztvn's Vulgar Errours.
To Adui'x. ni, a. [adnti/ceo, Lat.] To

mingle with fometbing elfe.
Admi'xtion. n.f. [from ezdtnix.] The
union of one body with another, by
mingling them.

All metals may be calcined by ftrong waters,
or by admixtion of fait, fulphur, and mercury.

Bacon.

The elements at« no where pure in thcfe lower
regions ; and if there is any free from the admix-
tion of another, fure it is above the concave of the
moon. Glanville.

There is no way to make a ftrong and vigorous
powder oi faltpetre, without the admixtion of ful-
phur. Bmvns Vulgar Errct/n.

Admi'xtore. »./. [from admix.] The
body mingled with another ; perhaps
fometimes the aft of mingling.

Whatever acrimony, or amaritudr, at any time
redounds in it, niuft be derived from the admixture
of another Iharp bitter fubftance.

Harijey en Confumptions.
A mafs which to the eye appears to be nothing
but mere finople earth, Ihall, to the fmell or taftc,
difcover a plentiful a(/mixr«r? of fulphur, alum, or
fome other mineral. fVoodward's Natural Hijl-^ry.
To ADMO'NISH. -v. a. {admoneo, Lat.]
To warn of a fault ; to reprove gen-
tly ; to counfel againft wrong prac-
tices ; to put in mind of a fault or a
duty ; with the particle of, or againjl,
which is more rare ; or the infinitive
mood of a verb.

One of his cardinals, who better knew the in-
trigues of aft'airs, adm:n\Jixd him againji that un-
ikilful piece of ingenuity. Decay of Piety.

He e/* their wicked ways
Shall them admonip, and before them fet
The paths of righteoufnefs. Milton.

But when he was admowjhcd by his fubjeCl to
defcerdf he came down, gently cirdiiig in the air,
and finglng, to the ground. Drydcii.

Admo'nisher. h. /. [from admonijh.']
The perfon that admoniflies, or puts
another in mind of his faults or duty.

Horace was a mild admonijher ; a court-fatirifl
fit for the gentle times of Augudus. Dryden.

Admo'nishmsnt. tt. f. \from admoniff}.']
Admonition ; the notice by which one
is put in mind of faults or duties : a
word not often ufed.

But yet be wary in the ftudious care.—
—Thy grave admonijhments prevail with me.

Siakfpeare's HetryV. p, i.
To th' infinitely Good wc owe
Immortal thanks, and his admonijhment
Receive, with folemn purpofe to obfcrvc
Immutably his fuv«rcign will, the eud
Of what we are. Milicn,

Admoni'tion. ». f. [aJmon'tio, Lat.]
The hint of a fault or duty ; counfel ;
gentle reproof.
They muft give our teachers leave, for the laving

ef fouls, to intermingle fometimes with othee
more neccfiary thingr, aJa-nition concerning thcfe
not unncccifaiy. Ilcoitr.

From this admonition they took only occafion to
redouble their fault, and to ll':cp again ; fo that,
upon a fccond and third admomticr, they had no-
thing to plead for their unfcalbnabl; drowfinel";.

Sc!irb*s Sermons,
Admoki'tioner. n.f. [from adntenition.']
A liberal difpenfer of admonition ; a
general advifer. A ludicrous term.

Albeit the admtniticners did fcem at firft to lik*
no prcfciipt form of prayer .it all, but thought it
the bed that their minifter Jhould always be left at
liberty "to pray, as his own difcrction did fcr\c,
their defender, and his all'ociatcs, have fithence
piopofcd to the world a form as themfclves did
like. Hooker,

A D M o' N I T o R Y . adj. [admotittoriuj, Lat . ]
That which admonifhes.

The fcntence of reafun is either mandatory,
ihewing what muft be done ; or elfe permillive,
declaring only what may be done j or, thirdly, ad'
monitory, opening what is the moll convenient for
us to do. Hookir.

Admurmur a'tion. ft./, [admurmtiro,
Lat.] The aft of murmuring, or whif-
pering to another. Z)/.-7.

To Admo've. v. a. \_admovco, Lat.] To
bring one thing to another. A word
not in ufe.

if, unto the powder of loadftone or iron, wc oif-
m'-vc the north-pole of the loadllooe, the powders,
cr fmall divifions, will ercdt and conform them-
felves thereto. Brown's Vulgar Errcurs.

Ado', n.f. [from the verb to do, with a
before it, as the French affaire, from i.
aadfaire."]
I. Trouble, difficulty.

He took Clitophoii prifoner, whom, with mucK
ado, he keepeth alive; the Helots being viKain-
oufly cruel. Sidney,

They moved, and in the end pcrfuaded, with
much ado, the people to bind themfelves by folemn
oath. Hooker,

He kept the borders and marches of the pale
with much adoj he held many parliaments, wherein
fundry laws were made. Sir fohn Davics,

With much ado, he partly kept awake ;
Not fufTring all his eyes repofe to take. ' Dryden,

z. Euftle ; tumult ; bufinefs ; fometimes
with the particle about.

Let's follow, to fi.e the end of this ado, Sbaiefp,

All this ado about Adam's fatherhood, and the

greatnefs of its power, helps nothing to cttablifh

the power of thofe that govern. Locke,

3. It has a light and ludicrous fenfe, im-
plying more tumult and (how of bufinefs,
than the affair is worth : in this fenfe it
is of Lite generally ufed.

I made no more ado, but to:ik all their feven
points in my taigct, thus. S'.^ak./p. Henry IV.

We'll keep no great ado^^^a friend or two-
It m.iy be thought wc held him ca:elcfsly,
Being our kinfman, if wc revel much. Sbatefp,

Come, fays Pufs, without any more ado, 'tis
time to go to breakfafi ; cats don't live upon dia-
logues. L'EJtrange,

Adolk'scence. \n.f. \adolefceiitia, Lat.]
Adole'scency. i The age fucceeding
childhood, and fucceeded by puberty ;
more largely, that part of life in wKich
the body has not yet reached its full per-
fedion.

He was fo far from a boy, that he was a man
born, and at his full ftaturc, if we believe Jofe,
phus, who places him in the \i!i adoUfuncy, and
makes him twenty-five years old. Brown^

, The fons muft have a tedious time of childhood
and aiolefccncc, before they can either tiismftlves

ajr.a

ADO

sflift their parents, or encourage them with new
hows of poflerity. Beniley.

To ADCyPT. %: a. {adopto, Lat.]

1, To take a fonby choice ; to make him
a fon, who was not fo by bixth.

Were none of all my f» ler's fiftera left;
Navi were I of my mother's Icin bereft;
None by an uncle's or a grandame*s Hcie,
Yet I could fome adopted heir provide. Drydcn.

2. To place any perfon or thing in a nearer
relation, than tbey have by nature, to
foraething elfe.

Whether, ad<ff>ud to fomc neighboring ftar.
Thou roirft above us in thy wand'ring race.

Or, in proceflion fix'd and regular,
Mov'd with the hcav'ns majellic pace;
Or cdird to more celeilial blifs,
Thou trcad'ft, with leraphims, the vaft abyfs.

Dryden,

We are feldom at eafc from the foUcitacion of
our natural or adopted delires ; but a conrtant fuc-
ccfiinn of uneafinclTes, out of that (lock, which
natural wants, or acquired habits, have heaped up,
take the will in their turns. L^cle.

Ado'ptedlv. a</i;. [{rom aJof ted.'] Af-
ter the manner of fomething adopted.

Ad'.ptfdly^ as fchool-maids change their names,
By vain, though apt, aftcdion. Sb^iidpi:.lr:,

Ado'pter. 71./. [from adopt.] He that
gives fome one by choice the rights of a
fon.

Ado'ption". )i./. [adoptio, Lat.]

1. The aft of adopting, or taking to one's
felf what is not native.

2. The ftate of being adopted.

My bed (hall be abufed, my reputation gnawn
at ; and I fliall not only receive this villainous
wrong, but ftand under the adoption of abominable
terms, anS by him that does me the wrong.

Shakcjpure.
She purpos'd,
When (he had fitted you with her craft, to work
Her fon into th'ijrf»/)/»)iof the crown. SbaieJ'paire.
In every att of our Chriftian worihip, we are
taught to call upon him under the endearing cha-
rafler of our Father, to remind us of our adoption,
that we are made heirs of God, and joint heirs of
Chriil. J?9jfm'j Set^ons.

Ado'ptive. adj. [adoplivtts, Lat.]

1. He that is adopted by another, and
made his fon.

It is impnflible an cleftlvc monarch fhould be fo
free and abfoiute as an hereditary ; no more than
it is poflible for a father to have fo full power and
in;ereft in an adopii-vt fon, as in a natural. Bac.n.

2. He that adopts another, and makes him
his fon.

An adopted fon cannot cite bis adoptive father

into court, without his leave. Ayhffe's Parcrgon.

Ado'rable. adj. [adorable, Fr.] That

which ought to be adored ; that which

IS worthy of divine honours.

On thefc two, the love of God, and our neigh-
bour, hang both the law and the prophets, fays
the adorable Author of Chriftianity ; and the
Apoftle fajs, the end of the law is charity. Cheyne.
Ado'r ABLENESS. n. f. [from odoraLle.]
The quality of being adorable ; wor-
thinefs of divine honours.
Aoo'rably. adii. [from adoraiie.] In a

manner worthy of adoration.
AdOra'tion. n./. [adoratio, Lit.]
i. The external homage paid to the Divi-
nity, diftinft from mental reverence.

S>lemn aad ferviceable worfhip we name, for

d.ftindion /ake, whatfoever bclongeth to the!

church, or publick focicty, of Cod, by way ot

external adoration. Hooker..

It is poffible to fuppofe, that thofe who believe

VO L. I.

ADO

a fupreme excdlent Being, may yet ^ive him no

i«t6rnal adoration at all. StillingJI.e'.

2. Homage paid- to perfons in kigh place
or efteem.
O ceremony, fltew me but thy worth :

What is thy tolli O ar/nriirij/;/
Art thou nought elfe but place, degree, and form,
Creating awe and' fear in other men ?
Wherein thou art lefs happy, being, fear'd,:
Than they in fearing.

What drink'ft thou oft, inftcad of homage fweet,
But poifin'd flattery ? .; S kakefpeare't- Henry V.
To ADO'RE. -J. a. [adoro, Lat.]

1 . To worfhip with external homage ; to
pay divine honours.-

The mountain nymphs and Themis they adore,
And from her oracles relief implore. Dryden-

2. It is ufed, popularly, tO' denote a high
degree of reverence or regard ; to reve-
rence ; to honour ; to love.

The people appear adorirtg their prince,' and their
prince oi/ariBj God. T<r//fr, N" 57.

Make future times thy equal aft adore.
And be what brave Orcflss was before.

Pcpe^t Odyffey.
Ado'rement. n.J". [h&m adore.l Ado-
ration ; worfhip : a word fcarcely ufed.

The priefts of elder times deluded their apprc-
henCons with fouth-faying, and fuch oblique ido-
latries, and won their credulities to the literal and
downright edorement of cats, lizards, and beetles.
Brti'tunt Vulgar Errours.
Ado'rer. »./ [from adore.]

1 . He that adores ; a worfhippcr ; a term
generally ufed in a low fenfe ; as, by
lovers, or admirers.

Being fo far provoked as I was in France, I
would abate her nothing ; though I profcfs myfelf
her adorer, not her friend. Skahfpeare^t Cymbdine.

Whilft as th' approaching pageant does appear,
And echoing crowds fpeak mighty Venus near ;
I, her adorer, too devoutly fland
Fail on the utmoft margin of the land. Prior.

2. A worfhipper ; in a ferious fenfe.

He was fo levere an adorer of truth, as not to
dilfemble ; or to fufrer any man to think that he
would do any thing, which he refolved not to do.

Clarendon.

To ADO'RN. 1/. a. [adorno, Latin.]

1 . To drefs ; to deck the perfon with or-
naments.

He hath clothed me with the garments of falva-
tion, he hath covered me with the robcof rjghteouf-
nefs, as a bridegroom dcckcth hiinfelf with orna-
ments, and as a bride adornctb hcrfelf with her
jewels. ljeiah,\x\. 10.

Vet 'tis not to adprn and gild each part,
That Ihcws more coft than art ;
Jewels at nofc and lips, but ill appear. Cvzvfey.

2. To fet out any place or thing with de-
corations.

A gallery adorned with the piftures or ftatues ot
the invention of things ufeful to human life. Citvley,

3. To embellifh with oratory or elegance
of language.

I'liis will fupply men's tongues with many new
things, to be named, adorned, ind dcfcribcd, in
their difcourfc. Sprat.

Thoufands there arc in darker fame that dwell,
Whofe names fome nobler poem (hall adorn j
For, tho' unknown to me, tlicy fure fought well.

Dryden.

Ado'rn. adj. [from the verb.] Adorned;
decorated : a word peculiar to Milton. '

She'll to realities yield all her (hows,

Made fo adorn for thy delight the more. Milton.

Ado'rkmHnt. n./. [from adorn.] Orna-|

nient ; embelliihment ; elegance : not

now in ufe.

This attribute waj not givjn to tJie earth, while

A D V

!t was confufed ; nor to the heavens, before they
had motion and ador/jment.

Raleigh's Hi/lory of the IVorld.
She held the very garment of Hofthumus in moi-e
refpeft than my nobb and natural perfon, together
with the adornment of my qualities.

Skakejpeare's Cymbeline.
Ado'wn. ad'v. [from a and donx/n.] Down ;.
on the ground.

Thrice did (he fink hdoivn in deadly found.
And thrice he her rcviv'd with bufy pain.

Fitiry ^een,
Ado'wn. prep. Down; towards the
ground j from a higher fituation to*
wards a lower.

In this remembrance Emily ere day
Arofe, and drefs'd herfelf in rich array;
Fre(H as the month, and as the morning fair,
Adotvn her fhouldcrs fell her lengthof hair, Drydeiti.
Adre'ad. adii. [from a and dread -y as,
ajide, athirji, ajleep.] In a ftate of fear ;
frighted ; terrified : now obfolete.

And thinking to make all men adreadto fuch*
one an enemy., who would not fparc, nor fear to
kill (b great a prince. Sidney,

Adri'ft. adhi. [from a and drift, from
drive.] Floating at random i. as any
impulfe may drive

Then, (hall this m«unt
Of paradife, by might of wares, be mov'd
Out of his place, puih'd by the horned Hood;
With all his verdure fpoii'd, and trees adrift
Down the great river, to tlie opening gulf,
And there take root. Mi!t9n%

It feem'd a corps adrift to didant fight ;
But at a diftance who could judge aright .' Dryden,

The cuftom of frequent refleftion will keep
their minds from running adrift, and call their
thoughts home from ufelcfs unattentive roving.

Loche on Educatioftf

JDRO'ir. adj. [French.] Dextrous j
aftive ; fkilful.

An adroit ftout fellow would fometimes deftroy
a whole family, with juftice apparently againft
him the whole time. Jervat'i Don ^itixote.

Adroi'tness. ».y; [from adroit.] Dex-
terity } readinefs ; aftivity. Neither
this word, nor adroit, feem yet com-
pletely naturalized.

Adry'. adii. [from a andi dry .] Athirft;
tbirfty ; in want of drink.

He never told any of them, tlial he was hia
humble fcrvant, but his well-wi(hcr ; and would
rather be thought a malecontcnr, than drink the
king's health when he was not adry. SpeElator.

Adsciti'tious. adj. [adj'citittus, Lat.]
That which is taken in to complete
fomething elfe, though originally ex-
trinfick ; fupplemental ; additional.

Adstri'ction. n. f. [adJiriSio, Lat. J
The aft of binding together ; and ap-
plied, generally, to medicaments and
applications, which have the power of
making the part contraft.

To ADVA'NCE. rv. a. [avancer, Fr.]

1. To bring forward, in the local fenfe.

Now morn, her rofy fteps in th' cadern clime
Advancing, fow'd the earth with orient pearl.

flfilton.

2. To raife to preferment ; to aggrandize.

He hath been ever conftant in his courfe of ad.,
vancing me ; from a private gentlewoman he
made me a marchionefs, and from a marchlonefs a
queen ; and now he intends to crown my innocency
with the glory of martyrdom. Bacon.

The declaration of the greatnefs of Mordecai,
whercunto the king advanced him. EJihir, x. c,

3. To improve

What lawi caa be advifed o»we proper and ef.
f ftftual

A. D V

fcdual to«/v«m tJM nature of nan to ittliighen'
pcrfc£lion, than thcfc f reccpts of Chriftianicy f

Tilhtfan.

4. To heighten ; to grace ; to give luftrc to.

As the calling dignifies the man^ io the man
much more advancei his calling* As a gar-
ment, chough it warms the body, has a return
' with an advantage, being mu(b more warmed by
It. South' i StrmQniM

5. 'Xo forward ; to accelerate.

Thefc three laft were flower than the ordinary
Indian wheat of itfelf; and ihis culture did rather
retard titan tdiMiict, Bacep.

15. To propofe ; to offer to the pi^blick ; to
■bring to view or notice.

'PhL-don 1 hight, quoth hi:, an4 do adwinet
My ancefby from famous Coradin. Fairy Sjitn.
\ dare not advanu my opinion ag.-^inll the judg-
ment of fo great an author ; but 1 tlilnk it fair to
(cave the decifion to the publick. Drydrn.

Some ne^er advame a judgment of their own.
But catch the fp eading notion of the town. Ppfe.
To Adva'wce. 1;. n.
1. To come forward.

At this the youth, whofe vent'rous foul
No fears of maglcic art controul,

Ath-anc*d in open fight. Fane}.

%. To make improvemen't.

They who would advance in knowledge, and
not deceive and fwcll thcmfelves with a little arti-
culated air, ihould not take words for real entities
in nature, till they can frame clear and diliin£l
ideas of tbofe entities. Locke.

Adva'»ce. »./ [from To advance.]
I. The aft of coming forward.

All the foot were put into Abington, with a re-
folution to quit, or defend, the town, according
to the manner of the enemy's advance towards it.

Clarendon.

So, like the fua*s advance j your titles fhow ;
Which, as he rifcs, does the warmer grow. IValler.

a. A tendency to come forward to meet a
lover ; an aft oi invitation.

In vain are all the pradis'd wiles.
In vain thofe eyes would love impart;

Not all th' advances, aU the fmiles.
Can move one unrelenting heart. 'ffa!Jh,

His genius was below
The &ill of cv'ry common beau ;
Who, though he cannot ff^H, is wife
i£nough to read a lady*s eyes j
>nd will each accidental glance
Jaterpret for a kind advance. S-zvift

He has defcribed the unworthy paRion of the
.goddefs Calypfo, and the indecent advances (ne
made to detain him from his own country. Po/-e.

That prince applied h.mfell ftrft to the Church
•f England, and upon their let'ufal to fail in with
his meafures, made the like advanus to the Dif-
fenters. Hwift.

3. Gradual progreflion ; rife from one
point to another.

Our Saviour railed the ruler's daughter, the wi-
dow's fpn, and Laiarus) the firil of thefe, when <hc
l^d juil exp.re>) j the fccond, as he was carriea V)
■tl)c grave an his bier; and lie third, after lie li.id
■Veen fome time buried. And having, by thefe
.gradual advances, m;in:fefted h.s divine pov,er, lu'
at lallexe :ed the hi^h.ll and molt gbriuus degree
of it; and laifcd hnnfeifalfo by bis own all-quick-'
.cning viitue, and accord'.jjg tj his own exprefs 1 re-
ittQ.mn. .Auerhnry.

M49 of Ihidy and thought, that reafnn ri^hr,
and arelovers of truth, doniake n9 great <:</ir<in,rs
in tlipir d.fcoveries of it. Locke.

.4. Improvement ; progrefc towards per ;
feftion.

The principle and oi>je£l of the greared impor-
tance in the world 10 the good of mankind, and. for
tne adv.inif and pcrfi£ling of human nature. Ha!e.
..Al>.YA'ii,CElvtE:NT. n.f. [a-vancemmt , Ft.]
J. The aft of coming forward.

"Xikit lefiocinFnt luiti'-cs diuljf advaBtmunis,

A D V

and, 1 hope, In time, will raife sur language to
the utmoft perfc^ion. Stvifr.

2. Theilateofbeingadvanced; preferment.

The Percles of the North
Finding his ufurpation moil unjuil,
Endeavour'd my advaxcemtnt to the throne.

Sbakejfetre.

3. The aft of advancing another.

In bis own grace he doth exalt himlelf
More than in your advancemcnf.

Sbokcjpeare'i King Lear,

4. Improvement ; promotion to a higher
ftate of excellence.

Nor can wc conceive it unwelcome unto thofe
worthies, who endeavour the advancement of learn-
ing. Brctun i Vulgar Erroun.

5. Settlement on a wife. This fenfe is
now difufed.

The jointure or advancement of the lady, was the

third part of the principality oi Wales, Bacon.

Adva'ncer. ft./, [from advance.] He

that advances any thing ; a promoter ;

forwarder.

Soon after the death of a great officer, who was
judged no advancer of the king's matters, the king
faid to his folicitor, Tell me truly, what fay you
of your coufin that is gone ? Bacon.

'The reporters arc greater advancers of defama-
tory deligns, than the very firft contrivers.

Government of the Tongue.

ADVA'NTAGE, «./ [advantage, Fr.]

1. Superiority ; often with of or over be-
fore a perfon.

In the pra^ical prudence of managing fiich gifts,
the laity may have fome ad'vantage over the clei^y j
whofe experience is, and ought to be, lefs of this
world than the other. Sprat,

All other forts and fefls of men would evidently
have ths ad-vantage of us, and a much furer title
to happinefs than we. Atterbury*

2. Superiority gained by ilratagcra, or
unlawful means.

"The common law hath left them this benefit,
whereof they make advantaget and wrert it to
their bad purpofcs. Sftnjer^i State bfjrtland.

But fpecialiy he took advantage of the night for
fuch pr!vy att-mpts, infomuch that the bruit of
hismanlinefs was fpread everywhere. 2 Af^atv. viii.7.

Great malice, backed with a great intercfl j

yet can h.jve no ada<antage oi a man, but from his

own cjtpcdlations of-fomething that rs without him,

Sautb^i Sermnni,

As foon as he was got to 'Sicily, they fent for
him back j dcfigning to take advantage, and pro-
f.'cute him in the abfcnce of his friends. Swift,

3. Opportunity; convenience.

Give me adi.\.>2tage of fome brief difcourfe
With Defdfmona alone. Sbakefpeare,

4. Favourable circumftances.

Like jewels to ad-vantage fet,
Her beauty by the ihadc does get. fVulUr,

A f.;cc, which is ovcr-fluihed, appears to ad-
vantage in the dcepefl fcarlet ; and the datkefl
complexion is not a little alleviated by a black
hood. Addtjon,

True wit is nature to ad-uantage drcfs*d,
Wh.1t oft was thought, but he'er fo well exprefs'd.

5. Superior excellence.

A man born with fuch advantage of conf^itu-
tion, that it adulterates not the images of h'snalnd.

GlanviiU.

.6. Gain ; profit.

Sot tnuu i^M\, what advantage will it be unto

thee, and whatifrofit ih^ll I hayc, ifl be cicanfcd

.from my fin ? ^ci.

•Ceriain it is, that advantage now fits in the

room oi conicience, end (leers all.

South's Strmom^

7, Overplas ; fomething more than the
mere lawful gain.
Wo owe thee much } within this waU of fleib

A D V

There is a foul counti thee her creditor,
Aui with advantage means to pay thy love.

lihakeffear*»
Yo« fa!d, you neither lend nor borrow
Upon advantage. Shakeff. Merchant of Venice.

8. Preporideration on one fide of the com-
parifon.

Much more (hould the confideration of this

fiattern arm us with patience againft ordinary ca-
amities ; efpecially if we confider his example
with this advantage, that though his fufterings
were wholly undefervcd, and not for himfcif but
for us, yet he bore them patiently. Tillotjon.

To Adva'nt ACE. f. «j. [from the noun.]

1. To benefit.

Convey what I fet down to my lady : it fhall
advantage rtsore than ever the bearing of letter
did. Hhakefpeare*

The trial hath endamag'd thee no way.
Rather more honour left, and more cfteem ;
Me nought advantag'd, miffing what I aim*d.

Milton*

The great bulincfs of the fenfes being to make
us take notice of what hurts or advantages the
body, it is wifely ordered by nature, that pain
Ihould accompany the reception of feveral ideas.

Locke,

Wc Ihould have purfued fome other way, more
effectual, for dlltreffing the common enemy, and
advantaging ourfelves. Swift.

2. To promote ; to bring forward ; ta
gain ground to.

The lloics that opinioned the fouls of wife men
dwelt about the mocn, and thofe of fools wander-
ed about the earth, advantaged the concert of this
effe^. Broivns Vulgar Errjurs.

To ennoble it with the fpirit that infpires the
Royal Society, were to advantage it in one of the
beft capacities in which it is improveablc.

Clanville''s Scepjii Scientifca.

Adva'ntageable. adj. [from advan-
tage.] Piofitable ; convenient ; gainfuL

As It is advantageahle to a phyfician to be call-
ed to the cure of declining difeafe, fo it is for a
commander to fupprefs a fedition which has pair-
ed the height. Sir y. Hayiiard,
Adva'ntaced. adj. [from To advan-
tage.] Poflefled of advantages ; com-
modioufly fituated or difpofed.

In the muft advantaged tempers, this difpofition
is but comparative ; whereas the moil of men la-
bour under difadvantagcs, which nothing can rid
them of. Glanville.

Adva'ntage-sround. n.f. Ground
that gives fuperiority, and opportuni-
ties of ^Innoyance or refillance.

This excellent man, who ftood i)ot upon the
adv.^niage-ground before, from the time of his
promotion to the archbifhoprick, provoked or un-
derwent the envy, and reproach, and malice, of
men of all qualities and conditions^ who agreed
in nothing eifc. Clarendon.

ADVANTA''cEOUS.aii)'. [ezvoHtageux, Fr.]

1. Of advantage; profitable; ul'eful; op-
portune ; convenient.

The time of Ccknefi, or afHiiflion, is, like the
co:j1 of the day to Adam, a feafon of peculiar pro-
priety for the voice of God to be he rd ; and may
be impr.ived into a very advantageous opportunity
of begetting or increafing fpiritual Mfe. Hamnattdt

. Here perhaps
Some advantageous ai5l msy be achicvM
By fuddcn onlet, ciiKe,- with hell-tire
To wafte his wh^'le creation; or polTefs
All as our own. Milton.

2. It is uied with relation to perfons, and
followed by to.

Since every painter paints himfeirin his own

works, His advantageous to him to know himfelf,

to the end that he may cultivate thofe talents

which make his genius. Dryden*

AoVAMTA'ciOUSLlf. <J</i/. ^from ad-van-

I tageoiis.\

A D V

tagtcus.] Coftveniently ; opportunely ;
profitably.

it was ad-vaxtagnufiy fituMeJ, th«ie boirtg an
faly pifiage from it to India, by ll-a. Arhutbnil.
Advanta'ceousn'ess. n. /. [from ad-
-vantageous.] Quality of being advan-
tageous ; profirable^efs ; ufefulnefs ;
convenience.

The laft property, which qualifies Cod for the
fitteft objeft of our love, is the jd'VanuzMufnrf,
of hM to us, both in th. prefent and the future
»• AV,rr-.»r^ B'yl''' Seraphic Lo-vc.

To ADVE'NE. -v. «. [ad-^emc. Lat.] To
accede to fortefhing ; to become part
cffomethingeUe, without being effen-
tial ; to be fuperadded.

A caofe confiaercd in judicatnre, is ftilcd an
accident.) caufe ; and the accidental o( any aO,
i» faid to be whatever ailvtms to the aa itfelf al-
ready lubUantiatad. . ^yliff,-! P^rtrg^.
Adve KiENT. (uij. [ad-ueniens, Lat.] Ad-
vening; coming from outward caufes ;
laperaddeJ.

Being thus divided from truth in ttemCelves,
they are yet farther removed by d-vmni decep-
tion ; for they are dally mocked Into errour by
fubt,er dcvifers. Brnun', Vulgar Errourl.

If to fuppofe tlie foul a diftinft fubft.mce from
the body, and extrlnHcally ad-vcnUni, be a gren
error m philofuphj, almoft all the w.irlj ha'h
been midakea. GU„^UU, Vamiy of D^gmaiifm.
Advent, n. /. [from adventuj ; that is,
adv€«ius Rfdrmprorh.] The name of one
of the holy feafons, fignifying the com-
tngi that is, the coming of our Saviour ;
which is made the fubjeft of our devo-
tion during the four weeks before Chrift-
. ""^V Common Prayer.

Adventine. adj. [from aducnio. ad-
•ventum.] Adventitious ; that which is
extnnfically added ; that which comes
from outward caufes j a word fcarcely
in ufe. '

A^ V

A D V

As tor the peregrine heat, it is thus far true,
that, ,f the proportion of the aj^venrine heat be
greatly predominant to the natural heat and fpirits
Of the body. It tendcth to diffolution or notable al-
teration, „

A r JjiSCCK.

^?'''"J!""'- "''J- {'"^■^""ii'"'. Lat.]
i hat which advenes ; accidental ; fu-
pervenient; cxtrip/ically added, not
euentially inherent.

Difcafes of continuant get .in ad-vt^whu,
ftreng.h from cuftom, bef.dej their material caufe
irom thf humours. d

Though we may call the obvious coloursTa"-*
tural, and the others attvtmitim, ; yet fucli
changes of colours, from whatfoevep caufe thev
proceed, may be properly taken in. Bovli

li his blood boil, and th' aA-umkkus fire
*ais d by high meats, and higher win*», require
10 temper and ailay the burning heat ;
Waters are brought, which by dccoaion get
Newcoolncft. Drd

M up by lapidaries, th.-re are not above three or

lTLc\ "' °?r',' :»«•',■'-"*•«», as Z
fcre^; a'^'' '"'' ^'/'^J*' "»«''« from the dlf-
fcrem admixture of other *fo«,/i,;», mineral

Adve kt.ve. ;,./ [ftomad-venio. Latin.]
The thing or perfon that comes from
without : a word not now in ufe

malt'.'lt ""i'"' *" "■" '■'' '"^"y' ''•"'thrt there
may be elb.«-toom wough for them, and for the
mavtntnra aifo, „

Adve'ntual. ajj. [from ad-vtr^.] Re
fating to the feafon of advent
i do atfo daily «ft o« other collc« j ar, n^e

ly, the coljefts ad-ventnal, quadra?e(imal, pafchal.
or ptntecofta!, for their proper fe.ifonr.

ADVE'NTURE. „./ [Prench^^'"'"'""-^"'"
I . An accident ; a chance ; a hazard •
an event of which we have no direc-
tion.

The general fummoned three cables ; one def-
perate of fuc«ar, and not Jefirous to difputc the
defence, prefentiy yielded ; but two ftood upon
tJieir ad'Vevtarc. Hciiu - ^

2. In this fenfe is ufcd the phrafe, a/^//
ad-ventures; [a I' adventure, Fr.] By
chance ; without any rntiocal fcheme.

_ Blows flew at all adventurci, v.-ounds and deaths
g^ven and taken unexpcaed; many fcarce know-
ing their enemies from their friends. Hay-ward.
Where the mind does not perceive pmbable
conneilion, there men's opinions are the ctfefts
of chance and hazard, of a mind floating at all
td-Lc«iura, without choice and without direaion.

1. Th« occafjon of cafual events ; an en-
terpnfe in which fomething muft be left
to hazard.

For I moa love, and am refolv'd to try
My fate, or, failing in th' advexiure, die.
rpi. . , DrydiK.

4- I his noun, with all its derivatives, is
frequently written without «a'j as, -ven-
ture, -venturous.

To Adve'nture. -v. n. [ad-venturer. Fr.]

1. To try the chance; to dare.

Be not angry,
Moft mighty princefs, that I have ad-vntur'd
To try your taki ng ftf a falfe report. Sbak,fp,ari. '
ilK tender and delicate woman amorg you,'
which would not advtr^iure to ftt the fole of her
foot upon the ground, for delicatenefs and tender-
cr K ' Ucutir. xiviii. i6.

Tff Adventure, -v. a. To put into the
power of chance.

For my father fought for you, and advtr.turj
his life for, and delivered you out of the hand of
Mldian. ^ ,

it is otten nfed with the reciprocal
pronoun ; as, he ad-ventured him/elf.
Adventurer. „. / [ad-.entur,er, Yr.^
tic that feeks occafions of hazard ; he
that puts himfelf in the hands of chance.

He IS a great advctiiurtr, faid he.
That hath bis fword through hard alTay foregone.

The king! of England did not make thfc™.
queft of Ireland ; it was begun by particular ad-
■v<ntur,ri, and other voWntanes, who came to feck
their fortunes, S-rJ.Da-vU,.

He intended to ha«,d his own aSion, that fo

wl"?r J H ".''K*-' «i" 'd^tmurers, who elfe

were like to be Icf. forward. RaUM-.

Had It not been ft>r the Bfiti/h, which the ittc

war. drew over, and udn^,„,ur.r, or loldiers feated

been left delhtutc. \ ^", *

0»r merchant, ihall ng more ad-ve»t'rcr, be.

Adventuresome, adj. [from adien-
t'lre.] I he fame with ad-venturous: a
low word, fcarcely ufed in writing.

Adve nturesomeness. n.f. [from ad-
-venture/ome.] The quality of being ad-
vcnturefome. j)-^

Advzstvuovs. adj. [nd-ventureux, Fr. ]

I. He that IS inclined to adventures ; and,
confequently, bold, daring, courageous.

At land »nd fca, in many a doubtful fight.
Was never known a mo,,: ad-vint' rou, knight :
Who oftner drew hi, fw«d, and always for ths

2. Applted to things, that which is full
of hazard; which requires courage;
dangerous.

But I've already troubled you too long.
Nor dare attempt a more advent'rms fong.
My humble veife demands a fofter theme j
A pamtcd meadow, or a purling ftream. Jddifo,,.
Adventurously, adv. [from adven-
turous.] After an adventurous man-
ner; boldly; daringly.

They are both hanged; and fo would this be,
if he durft fteal any thing adwviuro;iJty.

Skaiifpcarr'sHenryV.
A'pVERB. n.f. [adverbium, Lat.] A word
joined to a verb or adjeftive, and folely
applied to the ufe-of qualifying and re-
ftraining the latitude of their fignifica-
tion, by the intimation of fome circui^i-
ftance thereof; as, of quality, manner,
degree. Clarke's Latin Grammar.

Thus we fay, he runs/wi/ily ; the bird
flies aJo/t ; he lives -virtuoujly.
Adve'rbial. adj. [ad-verbialis, Lat.]
That which has the quality or ftrufture
of an adverb.

Adve'rbially. adv. [adverhialiter, Lat.]
Like an adverb ; in the miitner of an
adverb.

I fliould think alta was joined advtrhially with
trcmu, did Virgil make ufe of fo equivocal «
'^l'"^^'^- Jddlfon.

Adve'rsable. a<^'. [from ad-ver/e.] Con-
trary to ; oppofite to. Dia.

ADVERSARIA. „./. [Lat. A book, as
It fliould feem, in which Debtor and
Creditor were fet in oppofition.] A
common-place ; a book to note in. '

Thefe parchments are fuppofed to have been St.
VM\%ad-,,,rf,rh. Buir, Sertfons.

Adversary. »./ [ad-ver/ai re, Fr. ad-
'ver/arius, Lat.] An opponent ; an-
tagonift ; enemy : generally applied to
thofe that have verbal or judicial quar-
rels ; ^ as, controvertifts or litigants :
fometimes to an opponent in fmgle com-
bat. It may fometimes imply an open
profeffion of enmity ; as we fay, a fecret
enemy is worfe than an open ad-vtr/ary.

Yet am I noble, as the ad-verfaj
I come to cope. Shakcjf care's Kwg Lear.

ihole rites and ceinnonies of the church,
therefore, which were the felf-fame now thit ther
were when holy and virtuous men maintained
them agajnft profnne and deriding adterfarUs, her
own children have in dcrifion. H^j,^^

Mean while th' ad-tjerfary of God and man,
Satan, with thoughts inflam'd, of highcft defign.

An ad'jcrfary malfes a ftnfler fcarch into us.
and d.fcnvers every flaw and imperfedtion. in out
tempers. A friend exaggerates a man's virtues ;
an enemy inflames his crimes. Add\fon.

A D V e'r s A t I v E . adj. [adver/ati-vus, Lat.l
A tem of grammar, applied to a word
whic^i makes fome oppofition or variety •
as, m this fcntencc; This diamond i,
or.ent, but it is rough. But is an adver.
Jaiive conjunction.

A'd V E R s E . adj. [ ad-verfus, Lat. ]

^..^^Pa"*^.," ^^^ ""'^ '*»« accent on
the firft fyllable; in verfe it is ac-
cented on tlie firll by Shake/peare ; on
either, indifTerently, by M,7/.„ ; on .the
lait, by DrjJen ; on the firft, by Rof.
common.
P 2

!• A£iiag

A D V

1. AfUng with contrary direftions ; as,
two bodies in colliflon.

Wu I for this nigh wreckt upon the fea.
And twice, by adtttrft winds, from England's bank
Drove back again unto my native dime } Sbaktfp.

As when two polar winds, blowing advrrfcy
Upon the Cronian fea together drive
Mountains of ice. Afilttn.

With cjvirje blaft upturns them from the fouth,
Notus and Afer. Milton.

A cloud of fmoke envelopes either hoft,
And all at once the combatants are loll ;
Darkling they join <irfi;«r/c, and Ihock unfcen ;
Xlourfers with couriers julUing, men with men.

Drydtn.

Z. Figuratively, contrary to the wi(h or
defxre ; thence, calamitous ; affliflive ;
pernicious. It is oppofed to pro/feroui.

What if he hath decreed, that I ihall iirll
Be try'd in humble ftate, and things adnierfr ;
By tribulations, injuries, infults,
Contempts, and fcorns, and fnares, and violence.

Some the prevailing malice of the great,
Unhappy a>en, or adverfe fate,
Sunk deep into the gulfs of an afflided ftate.

Rcfcommtn.

5. Perfonally opponent ; the perfon that
countera^ls another, or contefts any
thing.

Well Ihe faw her father was grown her adverfe
yarty ; and yet her fortune fucb, as flie muft fa- ^
vour her rivals. Sidmy, :

'A'dversely. atl-v, [from ad'verfe7\ In'

an adverfe manner ; oppofitely ; unfor-

tonately. '

Whit I thirfk, 1 utter, and fpcnd my malice in

my breath. Jf the drink you give me touch my

jaUtte ad-uerfeiy, I make a crooked face at it.

Sbakeffieare.

Adve'rsity. n./. \_ad'vtrfiti , Fr.] M- ,
fliftion ; calamity ; that is, oppofition
«o our wifhes.

a. The caufe of our forrow ; affllflron ;
' misfortune. In this fenfe it may have
a plural.

Let me embrace thefe foMradverJrties,
for wife men fay, it is the wifefl courfe.

Sbakefpeare^ s Hertry VI.

3. The ftate «fur^ap{)inefs ; mifery.

Concerning deliverdnce itfclf fioiR all advcrfiryy
we ufe not to fay men are in ad-verjit^y v.'henf*iever
.they feel any fmall hindcrance of their welfare in;
this world, but when fome notable alfliiSion cr
-crofs, fame great calamity or trouble, befalletit
them. Htukin,

Sweet are the ufes of adverfiiy^
Which, like the tosd, ugly and venomous,
'Wears yet a pxf cious jewel in his head.

i^bfikc^ptare,

A remembrance of the good ufe he had made
©f profpcrity, contributed to fupport his mind ur,-'
der the heavy weight oi Adverjity, which then lay
upon him. Attt.rhury,

Vo ADVE'RT. -v. n. [aJ-verto, Lat.] To
attend to ; to regard ; to obfcrve ; with
the particle ie before the objedt of re-
gard.

The mind of man ijeing not capable at once
to advert to more than one thing, a particular view
and examination of ftich an innumerable number
K)f vail bodice, will alTord matter of admiration.
Ray en the Creation,
Now 'to the univerfal whole advert ;
The earth regard as of that whole a part ;
In which wide frame more noble worlds abound ;
Wicnefa, ye glorious orbs, which hang around.

Bitckmore,

We fomctimes fay,' Ta advert ihi mind
to an -^jeS.

A f)V

Adve'rtbnce. »./. [from <ufc«-/.] At-
tention><o ; regard to ; confideration.
ChriRianity may make Archimedes his chai-
- lenge ; give it but where it may fet its foot-;
allow but a fober advertence to its propofals, and it
will move the whole world. Decay ofPieiy.

Adve'rtency. w./. [from.ad'vert.'l The
fame with advertence. Attention ; re-
gard ; heedfulnels.

Too much advertency is not your talent ; or
clfe you had Hed irom that text, as from a rock.

Sivi/t,
Adve'rt£NT. adj. [from ad-vert.'] At-
tentive ; vigilant ; heedful.

This requires choice parts, great attention of
mind, fcqueftration from the importunity of fecu-
lar employments, and a long advertent and deli-
berate connexing of confequents.

■Hale^s Origin of Mankind.

To ADVERTrSE. v. a. [ad-vertir. Fr.
It is now fpoken with the accent upon
the laft fyllable ; but appears to have
been anciently accented on -the fe-
cond.]

1. To inform another; to give intelli-
gence ; witli an accufative of the per-
fon informed.

The bifliop did require a rcfpite.
Wherein he might the king Ills lord adveriije.
Whether our daughter were legitimate.

Shakefpeare.

As I by iriends am well flJvertj/ii/,
Sir Edmund Courtney, and the haughty prelate,
With many more confederates, are in arms. Sbak.

The king was not fo fliallow, nor fo ill advcr-
tifed, as not to perceive the intention of the French
king. Bacon.

I hope ye will advertife me fairly of what they
diflikf. J^igh-

2. To inform ; to give notice ; with q/"
before the fubjeft of information.

Ferhatcs, underftanding that Solyman expefled
more aflurcJ advertifement, onti> the other BafTas
declared the death of the emperor; o/" which they
/i</ai<Tri/i</ Solyman, filming thofe Jetters with all
their hands and feals.

Knol/ei's Hi/iory of tie Turk!.

They were to advertife the chief hero of the
difti-efTes of his fubjedls, occafioned by his ab-
fence. Drydcn.

3. To give notice of any thing, by means
of an ttdwertifement in the public prints ;
as. He advertifed bis loft.

Adverti'sement, or Adve'rtise-
MENT. n.f. [adverliffement, Fr.]

1. Inftruftion ; admonition.

— 'Tis all men's office to fpeak pati.nce
To thofc, that wring under the load of forrow;
But no man's virtue nor fufficiency.
To be fo moral, when he fhall endure
The like himfcif : therefore give me no counfel ;
My grie'fs are louder than advertifemcnt.

St/ikcfprare^s Much ado about Nothirg.

Cyras was once minded to have put Crcefus to
death ; but hearing him report the adveitifeinent
of Solon, he fparcd his liCe.

Aiiit'i 'Dcfcripticn ef tbe IVerld.

2. Intelligence ; information.

Then, as a cunning prince that ufeth fpics,
If they return no news, doth nothing know ;

But if they make advertifemer.t of lies,
The prince's counfel all awry do go.

Sir y-ybn Daviei.

He had received advertifttnent, that the party,
which was fent for his relief, had received fome
bru)h, which would much retard their march.

■ ' '^ ■ V'arendan.'

The drum and trumpet, by their feveral founds,'
fcrve for many kinds ot advertifements, in military
affairs! the bells ferve to proclaim afcarc-flre; andj
IB iume places, water-bteacheS} the <itpartuie of

A D V

a min, woman, ot child ; time of divine fervic*;
the hour of the day; day of the month. Holder,

3. Notice of any thing publilhed in a pa-
per of intelligence.
Adverti'ser. n./. [czdverli/eur, Fr.]

1 . He that gives intelligence or information.

2. The paper in which advertifements arc
publilhed.

Adve'rtisinc, or Ad vert I's inc. /ar/.
adj. [from ad-verti/e."] Aftive in giving
intelligence ; monitory : a word not
now in ufe.

As I was then
Mvertifing, and holy to your bufinefs.
Not changing heart with habit, 1 am lliU
Attornied at your fcrvice. Sbakefp. Meaf.for Meaf.

To Adve'sperate. 'v.n. [^ad-ve/pero, Lat.]
To draw towards evening. Di3.

Advi'ce. n. /. [avis, ad-vis, Fr. from ad-
"vifo, low Lat.]

1. Counfel; inlirnftion : except that in-
ftrudion implies fuperiority, and adt>ice
may be given by equals or inferiors.

Break we our Watch up, and, by my advice^
Let us impart what we liavc fcen to-night
Unto young Hamlet. Sbaktfp. Hamlet,

0 troubled, weak, and coward, as thou art!
Without thy poor advice, the lab'ring heart

To worfe extremes with fwifter fteps would run ;
Not fav'd by virtue, yet by vice undone. Prior,

2. Refleftion i prudent confideration : as,
he always afts with good adi'ice.

What he hath won, that he hath fortified :
So hot a fpeed, with fuch advice difpos'd.
Such temperate order, in fo fierce a courfe.
Doth want example. Sbakefp. Kiirg yattt.

3. Confultation ; deliberation : with the
particle •wili.

Great princes, takii;g -advice tvitb workmen,
with no Icfs cofl, fet their things together.

Baccn*s FJ/iiyr.

4. Intelligence: as, the merchants received
ad-vice of their lofs. This fenfe is ibme-
what low, and chiefly commercial.

Advi'ce-boat. n.f. A veflel employed

to bring intelligence.
Advi'sable. adj. [from ad-vife. ] Prudent ;

fit to be advifed. • '

Some judge it advifahle for a man to account
with his heart every day ; and this, no doubt, is
the bed and lurcft courfe; for ftill ihe oftner, the
better. . Soutb^i Sermonu

It is not advifahle to reward, whe.c men have
the tendcmefs not to punifh. L'EJirange's Fablet,

Anvi'sABLENEss. »./. [^ttom advi/able.l
The quality of being advifable, or lit ;
fitnefs ; propriety.
To ADVrSE. -v. a. [aJ-vl/er, Fr.]
I.. To counfel : with the particle to before
the tiling advifed.
If you do ftir abroad, go-Brm'd.

Arm'd, brother!

Brother, 1 advife you to the bed.

Sbakefp. f^ing Lear,

1 would advife all gentlemen to learn merchants
account!, and not to think it a fkill that belongs not
to them. Locke,

When I confider the fcruplcs and cautions I here
lay in your way, methinks it looks as if 1 advifed
you to fomcthing which I would have oilered at,
but in effefl nut done. Locke.

2. To give information 4 to inform ; to
make acquainted with an^y thing : often
with the particle o/'before the thing told.

'i'^ou were advis'd, his flelh was capable
Of wiunds and fcirs ; and that his forward fpirit
Would liftjiim, whccemoft trade of danger rang'd.

Sbakefpeare.
.Sttch

A D V

A D U

A D U

Such difcourfe bring on«
As may advife him o/"his happy (lace;
Happinefs in his pow'r, left free to will.

ParaJi/e Loft.
A pofting mcflenger difpatch'd from hence,
0/"this fair troop advit'd their aged prince.

Dryden^s ^ne'id.
To Advi'se. v. n.

1 . To confult : with the particle luith be-
fore the perfon coaiulted ; as, be adiiijed
txjhh his companions.

2. To confider 4 to deliberate.

Advife if this be worth
Attempting, or to fit in darknefs here,
Hatching vain empires.

Miltni's Parad'ife Ltfi, b. ii.
Av>vist.T>. participial adj. [from ad'vift.'\

1 . A Aing with deliberation and defign ;
prudent ; wife.

Let his travel appearrather in bis difcourfe, than
in his apparel or gefture ; and, -in his difcourfe,
let him be rather adnjijed in his anfwers, than for-
-ward to tell ftories. Bacon t Efjays.

Th* Almighty Father, where he fits
Shrin'd in his fanftuary of heav'n fecure,
Confulting on the fum of things forefeen.
This tumult, and permitted a>l, ad-vh^d,

Faradijl LoJI, b. vi.

2. Performed with deliberation J done on
purpole ; adled with defign.

By that which we work naturally, as, when we
breathe, fleep, and move, we fet forth the glory
of God, as natural agents do ; albeit we have no
-cxprefs purpofe to make that our end, nor any ad-
vijid determinatioa therein to follow a law.

Hunker, b. i. p. 49.
In my fchool-days, when I had loft one Ihaft,
1 (hot his fellow of the felf-fame flight.
The felf-fame way, with more advijtd watch.
To find the other forth ; by vent'ring both,
I oft found both. Stakiff. Mtrcbant of Venice.
Advi'sedly. ad'v. \^ioai adv[fed.'\ So-
berly ; heedfully ; deliberately ; pur-
pofely ; by defign ; prudently.

'J'his h(Xi\c,tidvifcdly read and diligently followed
-but one year at home, would do more good than
three years travel abroad. Ajcham.

Surprife may be made by moving things, when
the pirty is in hade, and cannot ftay to confii*;r
edvijedlj of that which is moved.

Bacortf EJfay xxiii.
Thou (iileft fecond thoughts (by all allowed the
bcl^) a relapfe, and accufett conflancy of mifchief
in what is natural, and adnjijedly undertalcen.

^';V Jnbn SuckTirg.

Advi'sedness. n./. [from ad'vi/ed.] De-
liberation ; cool and prudent procedure.

While things are in agitation, private men may
modeftly tender their thoughts to the confideration
of thofe that are in authority; to whofe care it
belnngeth, in prefcribing concerning indilf^rent
things, to proceed witli all juft advijedncji and mo-
deration. Sauttderjon^i 'Judgment in one t^inv.

Advi'sement. n./. [ad-v i/eme«e, Fr.]
I. Counfel ; information.

Mote I wote,
What ftrange adventure do ye now purfue ?
Perhaps my fuccour, or advijement meet,
Mote {lead you much. Fairj Siueen.

I will, according to your ad'vljtment, declare the
«Til5, which fcem mod hurtful.

Sffnfer't Stall of Ireland.

a. It is taken likewife, in old writers, for
prudence and circumfpedlioa. It is now,
in both fenfes, antiquated.

Advi'ser. n.y". [(roai ad'vi/e,'] The per-
fon that advifes, or gives counfel j a
^ounfellor.

Mac, free from court-compli»nc«, he walks,
Aad with hUniclf, his beft advifer, ttlki.

fTaJler.

They never fail of their moll artful and indefa-
tigable addrefs, to filence the impertinent advifer,
whofe feverity awes their exceffes.

Rijgers^s Sermons.
AduLa'tiON. n./. [adulation, Fr. adula-
tio, Lat.] FLittery ; high co.aipliment.

O be ficic, great Greatnefs I
And by thy ceremony give thee cure.
Think'il thou the fiery fever will go out
With titles blown from adulation ?

Staic^earc's Henry V.
They who flattered him moft before, men'ioned
him now with the greateft bitternefs, without im-
pudng the leaft crime to him, committed fmce the
time of that exalted adulation, or that was not ihen
as much knowa to them, as it could be now.

Clarendon,

Adula'tor. ?;./ [adulator, Lat.] A flat-
terer. Dm.

A'dulatory. adj. [adulatorius, Lat.]
Flattering; full of compliments.

ADU'LT. adj. [adu/tus, Lat.] Grown up;
paft the age of infancy and weaknefs.
They would appear Icfs able to approve themfelvcs,
not only to the confeflbr, brjt even to the catechill,
in their adult age, than they were in their minority ;
as having fcarce ever thought of the principles of
their religion, fmce they conned them to avoid
correction. De^ay of Piety.

The earth, by thefe applauded fchools, 'tis faiJ,
This fingle crop of men and women bred ;
Who g own adult, fo chance, it feems, enjoin'd.
Did, male and female, propagate their kind.

Blackmare.

Adu'lt. n.f. A perfon above the age of
infancy, or grown to fome degree of^
ftrength ; fometimes full grown: a word
ufed chiefly by medicinal writers.

The deprefiion of the cranium, without a frac-
ture, can but feldom occur ; and then it happens
to children, whofe bones are more pliable and foft
than thofe of adults, Sharp's Surgery.

.■^Dtj'LTNESS. n.f. [from adult.'\ The
ftate of being adult. See Adoles-
cence. Dm.

To Adu'lt ER. v. a. [adulterer, Fr.adul-
tero, Lat.] To commit adultery with
another : a word not claffical.

His challewife
He iiifa/rff-i ftill : his thoughts lie with. a whorr.

Ben yonjon.

Adu'lter ANT. ». y; [adulteraiii, Lat.]
The perfon or thing which adulterates.

7» Adu'lterate. 'V. a. [adulterer, Fr.
adultero, Lat.]

1. To commit adultery.

But fortimc, ohi
yidullcralet hourly with thine uncle John.

Sbakejpearc,

2. To corrupt by fome foreign admixture;
to contaminate.

Common pot-alhcs, bought of them tiiat fell it
in Ihops, who arc not f.> foolifhly kiiavilh as to
adulterate them with (alt-petrc, which is much
dearer thaii p<-.t-alhei. Boyle.

Cuulil a man be compofcd to fuch an advantage
of conilitutii'H, that it Ihould not at all adulterate
the images of his mind ; yet this fecond nature
would altcrthe crafis of liis undeiftinding.

■ Glanville's Scepjh Scienrifi.a, c» xvi.

The prefent war has fo adulterated our tongue

with llrangc words, that it would be impoflible for

one of our great-grandfathers to know what his

pofterity have been doing. . Spcilaior.

Adu'lter ate. adj. [from To adulterat^e.']

I. Tainted with the guilt of adultery.

I. am pofTcls'd with an adulterate h\ot\
My blood is mingled with the grime of luft;
Being ftruropetcd by thy contagion.

Sbakcjpcartt Cmedy ofEp-ori,

—That inceftuous, that adulterate beaft.

Shakefpeam
I. Corrupted with fome foreign mixture.

It does indeed differ no more, than the makef

of adulterate wares does from the vender of them.

Govirnment of the Tmgue.

They will have all their gold and filver, and

may keep their adulterate copper at home.

Swift's Mifcellan'iet.

Adu'lter ate NEss.n./[fromWa//^rart.]

The quality or ftate of being adulterate,

or counterfeit.

Adulter a't ion. n.f. [from adulterate. ]

1. The ait of adulterating or corrupting
by foreign mixture ; contamination.

To make the compound pals for the rich metal
fimple, is an adulteration, or counterfeiting : but
if it be done avowedly, and without dif^ju-fing, it
may be a great faviiig of the richer metal.

Bacon's Natural Hifory, No 798.

2. TJie ftate of being adulterated, or con-
taminated.

Such tranflations are like the adulteration of the

nbbleft wines, where fomething of the colour, fpirit,

and flavour, will remain. Feltcn on the Clajpcs.

Adu'lTerer. n.f. [adulter, Lat.] The

perfon guilty of adultery.

With what impatience mult the mufe behold
The wife by her procuring hulband fold ;
For tho' the law makes null th' adulterer's deed
Of lands to her, the cuckold may fucceed.

Drydcn's Juvenal.

Adu'lteress. n.f. [from adulterer.^ A
woman that commits adultery.

The Spartan lady replied, when (he was artced.
What was the punifljment for adulterrjps f There
are no fuch things here.

Government of the Tongue, § 3.
Helen's rich attite,
From Argos by the fam'd aduli'refs brought.
With golden flow'rs and winding foliage wrought.
Dryden's Virgil,

A D u'l T E R I N E . tt.f. [adulterine, Fr. adul-
terinits, Lat.] A child born of an adul-
terefs : a term of canon law.
Adu'lterous.«^'. [adulter, La.t.'\ Guilty
of adultery.

Th' adulterous Antony, moft large
In his abominations, turns you off,
And gives his potent regiment to i trull.
That nofes it agaitill us.

Shakcjpeare's Antony and Cleopatra,

An adulterous perlon is tied to reftitufion of

the injury, fo far as it is reparable ■, and to make

provifion for the children, that they may not injure

the legitimate, Taylor.

Think on whofe faith th' aduli'rous youth rely'd ;

Who promii'd, who p rocur'd the Spartan bride ?

Dryden's JEneid.

ADU'LTERY. n. f. [adulterium, Lat.]
The aft of violating the bed of a mar-
ried perfon.

All thy domeflic griefs at home be left,
The wife's adult' ry, with the fcivant's theft;
And (the moft racking thought which can intrude)
Forget falfe friends, and their ingratitude.

Dryden's Juvenal^

Adu'mbrant. adj. [from adumbrate.'\
That which gives a flight refemblance.

To ADU'MBRATE. -v. a. [adumbro, Lat.]
To {hadow out ; to give a flight like-
nefs ; to exhibit a faint refemblance,
like that which fliadows afford of the
bodies which they reprefent.

Heaven is defigned for our reward, as well as
refcue ; and therefore Is adumbrated by all thofe
pofitive excellencies, which can endear or recom-
mend. Decay of Piety.

Adumbra'ticn. n.f. [horn adumbrate.}

1 . The

A D V

I. The aft of adumbrating, or giving a
flight and imperfeft reprefentation. See

AOUMBKATE.

To make feme adumbratitn of that we mean,
it it rather an impullion or contufion of the air,
thao an elifioa or fedion of the fame*

Bae. Nat. Hip, N" iSr-
X. The flight and imperfea reprefentation
of a thing ; a faint fltetch.

The eblervcrt view but the backfide of the h ing-
ings ; the right one is on the other fide the grave :
and our knowledge is but like thofe broken ends ;
at bed a moil confufeJ adumbration.

Clanville't Scefjii Scientifica.

Thofe of the firft fort have fome aJumbration
of the rational nature, as vegeublcs have of the
fenfible. ««'''' Origin.

Advna'tion. »./. [from ad and «»«/,
Lat.] The ftate of being united ; union :
a word of little ufe.

When, by glaciation, wood, draw, duft, anJ
water, are fuppofcd to be united into one lump,
the cold does not caufe any real union or attunalhti,
but only hardening the aqueous parts of the liquor
into ice, the other bodies, being accidentally pre-
(ent in that liquor, are frozen up in it, but not
really united. BoyU.

Aou'NCiTY.n./. [«<A«»a>flx, Lat.] Crook-
ednefs ; flexure inwards j hookednefs.

There can be no queftion, but the aJunc'itj of
the pounces and beaks of the hawks, is the caufe
of the great and habitual immorality of thofe ani-
mals. Arittibmt and Pope's Mart. Scrih.
Avv'KQVi.adj. [WawfBJ.Lat.] Crooked;
bending inwards ; hooked.

The birds that are fpeakers, are pariots, pies,
jays, daws, and ravens ; of which parrots have an
mdungut bill, hut the relV not.

Bacons Nat. Hi/I. N° 238.
A'dvocacy. »./. [from advocate.] The
Z^ of pleading ; vindication ; defence :
apology ; a word in little ufe.

If any there are who are of opinion that there

Sre no antipodes, or that the ftars do fall, they

Ihall not want herein the applaufe or advocacy of

Satan. Brotuni l^ulgar Errourt, h. i.

. A'DVOCATE. «./. [adiwcatus, hiit.]

1 . He that pleads the caufe of another in
a court of judicature.

An advcca'i, in the general import of the word,
is that perfon who has the pleading and manage-
ment of a judicial caufe. In a ftriS way of fpeak-
ing, only that perfon is (tiled advocate, who is the
patron of the caufe, and is often,-in Latin, termed
togaliis, and, in £ngli{h, a perfon of the long
robe. ^yliffe's Parergon.

Learn whatthou ow'ft thy country and thy friend ;
What's ttquifite to fpare, and what to fpend :
Learn this ; and, after, envy not the (lore
;. 0$ the greas'd tdvocaU that grinds the poor.
1 ■rri Drydcn's Ptrjiuu

2. He that pleads any caufe, in whatever
manner, as a controvertift or vindicator.

If Oie dares trull me with her litcic babo,
I'll (hew 't the king, and undertake to be
Her advocate to the loud'ft. Sbakefp. riatttlct.

Of the feveral forms of government that have
been, or are, in the world, that caufe fcems com-
m»iiy the better, that bas the better advocate, or
Is. advantaged by frelher experience*

Tcir/ile'i Mifcellanies.

3. It is ufed with the particle for before
the perfon or thing, in whofe favour the
plea is offered.

Foes to all living worth except your own,
And advocates fir folly dead and gone.

Ptfc's Bpijiks,

4. In the fcriptural and facrcd fenfe, it
Hands for one of the oiBces of our Re-
deemer,

A E

^ Me his aJvocMi,

And propitiation ; all his works on me,
•jood, or not good, ingraft. Milton's Parai. Lcjl.
Advoca'tion. n.f. [from ad'vocate.'] The
office or aft of pleading ; plea ; apology.

My advocation is not now in tune;
My lord i» not my lord ; nor fliould I know him.
Were be in favour, as in humour, alter'd.

Shaktffeare's Othello.

Advola'tion. ». _/! [advalo, ad-volattmt,

Lat.l The aft of flying to fomething.

■^ Dia.

Advolv'tion. n.f. [fl</W«/»e, Lat.] The

aft of rolling to fomething.
Advo'utrv. n. f. [avotttrie, Fr.] A-
dultery.

He was the moft perfidi*u9 man upon the earth,
and he had made a marriage compounded between
an advontry and a rape, Bacen's Henry Vll.

Advowe'. n.f. He that has the right of
advowfon. See Advowson.

Advo'wson, or Advo'wzen, n.f. [In
common law.] A right to prefent to a
benefice, and fignifies as much as Jus
Patronatus. In the canon law, it is fo
termed, becaufe they that originally ob-
tained the right of prefenting to any
church, were great benefaftors thereto ;
and are therefore termed fometimes Pn-
troni, fometimes Advocati. Convell.

To Adu're. v. n. [aduro, Lat.] To burn
up : not in ufe.

Such a degree of heat, which doth neither melt
nor ftorch, doth mellow, and not adure.

Bacon's Nat. Htji.ti" 319-

Adu'st. adj. \aduftus, Lat.]

1. Burnt up; hot as with fire ; fcorched.

By this means, the virtual heat of the water
will enter ; and fuch a heat as will not make the
body adufl, or fragile. Bacon.

Which with torrid heat.
And vapours as the I^ibyan air adujl.
Began to parch that temperate clime.

Milton's Paradr hoji.

2. It is generally now applied, in a me-
dicinal or philofophical fenfe, to the
complexion and humours of the body.

Such humours arc «(/»/, as, by long heat, become
of a hot and fiery nature, as choler, and the like.

Stuincy.

To eafe the foal of one oppreflive weight.
This quits an empire, that embroils a ftate.
The farse aduJI complexion has impell'd
Charles to.thc convent, Philip to the field. Pope.

Adtj'sted. adj. [See Adust.]

1. Burnt; fcorched; dried with fire.

Sulphurous and nitrous foam
They found, they mingled, and with fubtle art
Concofted, and adtijicd, they reduc'd
To bhckell: grain, and into ftore convey'd.

Paradife Lojl.

2. Hot, as the complexion.

They arc but the fruits of aduficd choler, and
the evaporations of a vindicative fpirit. Howell.

Adu'stible. adj.\(Tom aduJl.] That
which may be adufted, or burnt up. Di^.

Abu'stion. n.f. [from «(/»/?.] The aft
of burning up, or drying, as hy fire.

This is ordinarily a confequcnce of a burning

colliquative fever ; the foftcr parts being melted

away, the heat continuing its adujiion, upon the

drier and flefliy parts, changes into a marcid fever.

Harvey on Confumptions.

Adz. n.f. SeeAoDicB.

AE, or M. A diphthong of very fre-
quent ufe in the Latin language, which
feems not properly to have any place in
the Englifli ; fmcc the et of the Saxons

A E R

has been long out of ufe, being changed
to e fimple, to which, in words fre-
quently occurring, the <jrof the Romans
is, in the fame manner, altered, as in
equatir, equinoSial, and even in Eneat.
yE'ciLOPS. H.f. [ntytKu-^, Gr. fignifying
goat-eyed, the goat being fubjeft to this
ailment.] A tumour or fweHing in the
great corner of the eye, by the root of
the nofe, either with or without an in-
flammation : alfo a plant fo called, for
its fuppofed virtues againft fuch a dif-
temper. ^incy.

^gilops is a tubercle in the inner canthui of
the eye. fVifeman's Surgery,

JE'glogv?.. n. f. [written inftead of
eclogue, from a mi(?aken etymology.] A
pailoral ; a dialogue in verfe between
goat-l^rds.

Which moved him rather in plagues otherwife
to write, doubting, perhaps, his ability, which he*
little needed, or minding to furnilh our tongue
with this kind wherein it faultcth.

Spenfer^s Pajlorals,

JEgyvti'acvh. n.f. An ointment con-
fifting only of honey, verdigreafe, and
vinegar. ^inty.

Ml, or Eal, or Al [in compound names,
as Tia.) in the Greek compounds] figni-
fies all. Or altogether. So JElvjin is a
complete conqueror : Albert, all illujlrieus :
Aldred, altogether reverend : Alfred, alto-
gether peaceful. To tbefe PammachiuSf
Pancratius, P amphilius , Sic. do in fome
meafure anfwer. Gibfon's Camden^

Mhv [which, according to various dia-
lefts, is pronounced ulf, tuelph, hulph,
hilp, helfc, and, at this day, help] im-
plies afTiftance. SoAElfiuin is 'v'tSorious ;
and j^lpuiold, an auxiliary go-vernour j
j^lfgifa, a lender . of ajfjlance : with
which Boetius, Symmachus, Epicurus, Sec
bear a plain analogy. Gibfon's Camden.

jEni'gma. See Enigma.

Ae'rial. adj. [ai'rius, Lat.]

1. Belonging to the air, as confining of it.

The thunder, when to roll
With terrour through the darkuirifl/hall,

Paradife Lcji.
From all that can with fins or feathers fly.
Thro' the aerial or the wat'ry {ky. Prior.

T gathered the thicknefs of the air, or aerial in-
terval, of the glafles at that ring.

Nrwtsn's Opticktr

Vegetables abound more with aerial particics

than animal fubftances. jirhutbnot on Aliments.

2. Produced by the air.

The gifts of heav'n my foU'wJng fong purfues^
Aerial honey, and anibrolial dews.

Dryden's firg, Georf.

3. Inhabiting the air.

Where thofe immortal fliapcs
Of bright aerial fpirits live infpher'd.
In regions mild, of calm and fercnc air.

Paradife Regained,

Aerial anim^U maybe fubdivideJ into birds and

flies, , Lode.

4. Placed in the air.

Here I'ubterranean works^ and cities fee.
There towns aer'uiJ on the waving tree.

Pope's Efpjy tn Man.

5. High ; elevated in fttuauon, and therc»
fore in the air.

A fpocious city ftood, with flrmeft walls
Sure mounded, and with numerous turrets crown'd.
Aerial fpires, and citadels, the feat
Of kings and heroes refolute in war. Philips.

A'SRIK.

A F F

A'ERtE. n. f. [airie, Fr.] The proper
word, in hawks and other birds of prey,
for that which we generally call a neft
in other birds. Coivell.

Aero'logy. n./. [aie and \oy&; Gr.]
The doctrine of the *r.

A'eromancv. «./. [aif and fia»)i?> Gr.]
The art of divining by the air. Dii?.

Aero'metry. »./ [i^ and (x/l^iV] The
art of meafuring the air. DiiS.

Aero'scopy. ft./. [a)ij and <r«V1«, Gr.]
The obfervation of the air. DriS.

.S'thiops-mineral. «./ A medicine
fo called, from its dark colour, prepar-
ed of quickfilver and fulphur, ground
together in a marble mortar to a black
powder. Such as have ufed it moil,
think its virtues not very great, ^incy.

^ti'tes. »./ [i(T^, an eagle.] Eagle-
ftone. It is about the bignefs of a chell-
nut, and hollow, with fomewhat in it
that rattles upon fhaking. ^imy.

Afa'r. adv. [from a and at., and/ar.]
See Far.

1 . At a great diftance.

So ihaken as we are, fo wan with care.
Find we a time for frighted peace to pant,
And breathe (hort-winded accents of new broils,
To be commenc'd in ftroudj afar remote ?

Sbaiefpttirt'% Henry IV.
We hear better when we hold our breath than
contrary ; infomuch as in liftening to attain a
foonil tfir off, men hold th«ir breith.

Bacm'i Natural Htjiory, N° 284.

n. To or from a great diftance.

Heftor hiftcntd to relieve his boy ;
Difmifs'd his burnilk'd helm that (hone tfar.
The pride of warriours, and the pomp of war.

Dryden.

3. From afar ; from a diftant place.

The rough Vulturr.us, furious in its courfe,
With rapid dreams divides the fruitful grounds,
And/roBi afar in hollow murmur (bunds.

Addifon on holy.

4. Afar off; remotely diftant.

Much fufpcfling his fecrct ends, he entertained
a treaty of peace with Frante, but fecretly and
afar off, and to be governed as occaiiors (hnild
\3xv. Sir J'^hn HayivarJ.

Afe'ard. pJiTt'uifial adj. [from to fear,

for to fright, with a redundant.]
a. Frighted ; terrified ; afraid.

He loudly bray'd, that like was never heard.
And from his wide devouring oven fer.t
A fhke of fire, that flafliing in hia beard,
Him ail amaz'd, and almoft trnit aftard.

Fahy Siutert.
But fell me, Hal, art thou not horridly afiardf
Thon being heir apparent, could the world pick
thee out three fuch enemies again.

Shaiefptari't Henry IV.
Till h« cherifli too much beard.
And make Love, or me, afrard.

Ben yanfoni Underivsodj.

2. It has the particle of before the objeft
of fear.

Fear is defcribed by Spenfer to ride in armour,
at the claihing whereof he looks afeard o/himfelf.

Peacbam.

It is now obfelete ; the laft author
whom I have found ufing it, is Sedley.
jTFER. n.f. [Lat.] The fouth-weft wind.

With adveric blaft upturni them from the
fouth,
Notut and Afer, black with thund'rous clouds.

Milieu' I Paradife Lifi. It. x.

Afpab j'lity. n.f. [affaiilile. Ft. af.
fabilitai, Lau See AFPAii«i.] T'.e

A F F

quality of being affable? eafinefs of
manners; courteoufnefs ; civility ; con-
defcenfion. It is commonly ufed of
fuperiours.

Hearing of her beauty and her wit.
Her affaiiiity and bailifu! nioderty,
Her wond'rous qualities, and mild behaviour.

Sbakefpcar£.

He was of a mod flowing courtefy and affabi-
lity to all men, and fo defirous to oblige them,
that he did not enough confider the value of the
obligation, or the merit of the perfon. Clarend.

All inftinces of charity, fwcecnefs of converfa-
tloi', affabil'uy, admonition, all (ignifications ol
tendernefs, care, and watchfulnefs, mud be ex-
prefl'ed towards children. Taylor.

It is impoilible for a publick minifter to be fo
open and eafy to all his old friends, as he was in
his priva;e condition ; but this may be helped out
by an affability of addrefs. VEjirangi.

A'FFABLE. adj. [affable, Fr. affahilis,
Lat.]

1. Eafy of manners; accoftable ; cour-
teous ; complaifant. It is ufed of fu-
periours.

He waj affable, and b«th well and fair fpoken,
and would ufe ftrange fweetnefs and blandilh-
ment of words, where he delired to afFe^ or per-
fuade any thing that he took to heart. Baccn.

Her father is
An affable and courteous gentleman.

Shaktjft. Tarn* Shrew.

Gentle to me and affable hath been
Thy condefcenfion, and (liall be honour'd ever
With graceful memoty. Mit'tan'i Par. Lo/1, b. viii.

2. It is applied to the external appear-
ance; benign; mild; favourable.

Augudus appeared, loi-king round him with a
fcrene and affable countenance upon all the
writers of his age. Tatlir.

A'ffableness. n. f. [from affable. '\
Courtefy ; affability.

A'ffably. adv. [from affable.'] In an
. affable manner ; courteoufly ; civilly.

A'fpabrous. adj. [affabre, Fr.] Skil-
fully made ; complete ; iinilhed in a
workman-like manner. DUl.

Aff abula'tion. n.f. \affabulatu>, Lat.]
The moral of a fable. Dia.

Affa'ir. n.f, [affaire, Fr.] Bufinefs ;
fomething to be managed or tranlafted.
It is ufed for both private and public
matters.

1 wai not born for courts or great affairi ;
I pay my debts, believe, and fay my prayers. Pofie. '

A good acquaintance with method will greatly
alTiii every one in ranging, difpofing, and manag-
ing all human affairs. tVatti's Lcg'uk.

Wh.it St. John's (kill in date affairs.
What Orm'>nd's valour, Oxford'^ cares,
To aid their (inking country lent.
Was all dcftroy'd by one cv -nt. Sivift.

To Afpe'ar. v. n. [from affer, Fr.] To
confirm ; to give a fandion to ; to
eftablifti : an old, term of law.

Bleed, bleed, poor country !
Great tyranny, lay thou thy balis furc;
For gnodncfs ilares not check thee !
His title is offrar'd. Sbattfp. Marheth.

Affe'ct. n.f. [from the verb nffeB.]
1. Affeftion ; pafllon ; fenfation.

It leemcth that as the feet have a fymprthy
with the head, fo the wrifts have a fympathy
with the heart; we fee the affeds and pallions of i
the heart and fpirits are notably difclofed by the
pulfe. Bacon's Natural Hifliry, a" ij-j.

z. Quality; circumftance.

1 (ind it difficult to make out one fmgle ulcer,
as authors defcrifae it, without other fjmptoms or
affea-. joined to it. ifijcman.

A F F

This IS only the antiquated worJ for
affeiiion.
To AFFE'CT. t/. a. [affe^er, Fr. affdo,
affeilum, Lat.]

1 . To aft upon ; to produce effefts in any
other thing.

The fun
Had (ird his precept fo to move, fo /hine.
As might afftSi'Cm earth with cold and heat,
Scarce tolerable. Milton's Paradife Lojf, h. x,

The generality of men are wholly governed by
names, in matters of good and evil ; fo far ae
thefe qualities relate to, and aff^^, the a£^ions of
men. Soutb's Sermons.

Yet even thofe two particles do reciprocally
afftB each other with the fame force and vigour,
ii they would do at the fame didance in any other
fituation imaginable. Ben'ley's Sermons,

2. To move the paffions.

As a thinking man cannot but be very much
affc3cd with the idea of his appearing in the pre-
fence of that Being, whom none can fee and live;
he mud be much more affiSled, when he con-
liders, that this Being, whom he appears before,
will examine the actions of his life, and reward or
puni(h bim accordingly.

AJdijon, SpeBai»r„ N» 513.

3. To aim at ; to endeavour after : fpoken
of perfons.

Atrldes broke
His filence next, but ponder'd ere he fpoke :
Wife are thy words, and glad I would obey.
But this proud man affells imperial fway.

Dryden's Iliad.

4. To tend to; to endeavour after; fpoken
of things.

The drops of every fluid affiSl a round figure^
by the mutual attraftion of their parts ; as the
globe of the earth and fea affeHs a round figur*,
by the mutual attra(3ion of its parts by gravity.

Neivton's Optich.

5. To be fond of; to be pleafed with;
to love; to regard with fondnefs.

That little which fomc of the heathen did
chance to hear, concerning fuch matter as the
facred Scripture plentifully containeth, they did
in wonderful fort affe^. Hookerj b, i.

There is your crown ;
And he that wears the crown immortally,
Ixing guard it yours ! If I affcfi it more.
Than as your honour, and as your renown.
Let me no more from this obedience rife.

Sbakefpcare' s Henry IV.

Think not that wars wc love, and drift; affeB ;
Or that we hate fweet peace. Fairfax, b» ii,

-None but a woman could a man diredl
To tell us women what vie mo<i affefl.

Dryd. mfe of Batb.

6. To make a Ihew of fomething ; to
ftudy the appearance of any thing j
with feme degree of hypocrify.

Another nymph, amongd the many fair,
Before the reft affeaed dill to ftand.
And watch'd my eye, preventing my command.

J*r(c»-.

Thcfe often carry the humour fo far, till their
afffSled coldncfs and indifFcrcncc quire kills all- the
fondnefs of a lover. Addifon, Speffator, N° j 7 1.

Coquet and coy at once her air.
Both dudicd, though both li^em negledled ;

Carelefs (he is with artful c^e,
AffcSling to feem una(feftcd. Congreve,

The confcious hulband, whom like fymptomi
feize.
Charges on her the guilt of their dlfeafe ;
Affiiiing fury, adls a madman's part.
He'll ri|i the fatal fccret from her heart. Gran-vlllr.

7. To imitate in an unnatural and con-
ftrained manner.

Sj enfer, in affiBing the ancients, writ no lan-
guage ; yet 1 would have him read for his matter,
but as Virgil read £noius.

Stnjonjun'i D'lfcoveries,

8. T*

A F F

8. To convift of fome crime ; to attaint
with guilt ; a phrafe merely juridical.

By the civil law, if a dowry with a wife be pro-
ttiifed and not paid, the hultand is not obliged to
•llow her alimony. But if her parents (hall be-
come infolvent by fome misfortune, (he (lull have
alimony, unlefs you can affifi them with fraud,
in promifing what they knew they were not able
to perform. Ayliffc's Partr^m.

AFFECTA'TiON. «./. [offiiHalio, Lat.J
I. Fondnefs ; high degree of liking;
commonly with fome degree of culpa-
bility.

In things of tlieir own nature indifferent, if
either councils or particular men have at any
■ time, with found judgment, mifliked conformity
between the church of God and infiJcls, the caufe
thereof hath been fomewhat clfe than only affrc-
tathn of diflimilitude. Huetf, k, iv. ^ 7.

*. An artificial Ihew ; an elaborate ap-
pearance ; a falfe pretence.

It has been, from age to age, an afiHalion to
love the pleafurc of folitude, among thole who
cannot pofTibly be fuppofed qualifi'd, for pafling
life in that manner. Sftfialor, N" 264.

Affe'cted. participial adj. [ from affi3.'\
I. Moved; touched with affedtion ; in-
ternally difpofed or inclined.
No marvel then if he were ill affiBtd.

Sbake/f, King Lear,
The model they feemed afftfftd to in their di-
reftory, was not like to any of the foreign re-
formed churches now in the world. Clarendon,

X, Studied with over-much care, or with
hypocritical appearance.

Thefe antick, lifping, affeBed f\\inX3S\ss, thefe
■new tuners of accents. Shakr/p. Rcmeo and Juliet .

5. In a perfonal fenfe, full of affeflation ;

as, an affeSed lady.
Affe'ctedly. adv. [from affeiled.']

1. In an aifefted manner; hypocritically ;
with more appearance than reality.

Perhaps they are affeHedly ignorant ; they arc
fo willing it (hould be true, that they have not at-
tempted to examine it.

Gmernmeitt of the Tongue, § 5.

Some indeed have been fo amBedly vain, as to
jfountetfeit immortality, and have (lolen their
deathf in hopes to be efteemed immortal.

Brcnvn'i Vulgar Errours, h. vii. c. 10.

By talking fo familiarly of one hundred and ten
thoufand pounds, by a tax upon a few commo-
dities, it is plain, you arc either naturally or af-
feOedl) Ignorant of our condition. Sivifi.

2. Studioufly ; with laboured intention.

Some mifperiuafions concerning the divine at-
tributes, tend to "the corrupt nj men's manners,
a» if they were deligned and afftBtdty chofen for
that purpofe. Duay t,f Piety.

Affe'ctedness. n. /. [from affiled.']
The quality of being affefted, or of
making falfe appearances.

AFFE'CTION. «./ [etffeaio,,, Fr. ajec-
tio, Lat.]

1. The ftate of being affedled by any
caufe, or agent. This general fenfe is
little in ufe.

Some men there arc love not a gaping pig j
Some tliat are mad if they behold a cat ;
And others, when the bag-pipe fings i' th'nofe,
Cannot contain their urine, for afftFl'ion.

Shaktff. Mtrthatit of Venice.

2. Paffion of any kind.

Then'gan the Palmer thus; moft wretched mm,
That to affcBient Joes the bridle lend ;

In their beginning they are weak and wan,
But foon through fufferance grow to fearful end.

Fairy Siueen.

Impute it to my late foUtaty life, which is prone

»fft£liinu Sidney, k. i.

A F F

jlfftHicni, at joy, grief, fear, and anger, with
fuch like, being, at it were, the fundry falhions
and forms of appetite, can neither rife at the
conceit of a thing Indifferent, nor yet choofe but
rife at the fight of fome things. Honker, h. i.

To fpeak truth of Ciefar,
I have not known when his affcCJicn: fway'd
More than his reafon. Shakeff. Julius Cafar.

Zeal ought to be compofed of the higheft de-
geees of pious affcftions ; of which fome are mil-
der and gentler, Tome (harper and more vehement.
Sprat^i Sermons.

I can prefent nothing beyond this to your af-
fedions, to excite your love and defirc. Tilhlfin.

3. Love ; kindnefs ; good-will to fome
perfons ; often with to or ttrjjardi be-
fore the perfon.

I have acquainted you
With the dear love I bear to fair Ann Page,
Who mutually hath anfwer'd my affcBion.

Shakcfp. Merry tfives of fVindfor.
My king is tangled* in affeHion to
A creature of the queen's, l.idy Anne BuUen.

Sbakeffeare.
What warmth is there in your affeliiom totiards
any of thefe princely fuitors ?

Sbakefp. Merchant of Vt nice.
Make his intercft depend upon mutual ajffiSion
and good correfpondence with others.

Collier on General Kindnefs.
Nor at firft fight, like moft, admires the fair;
For y< u he lives, and you alone (lull (hare
His laft affcBion, as his early care. Pofe.

4. Good-will to any objeft ; zeal ; paf-
lionate regard.

I have realbn to dlllruft mine own judgment,
as that which may be overborn by my zeal and
affcBion to this caufe. Bacin.

Set your affcBion upon my words ; de(ire them,
and ye (hall be inrtruited. IVijUom, vi. 11.

His integrity to the king was without biemi(h,
and his affefiion to the church fo notorious, that
he never dcferted it. Clarendon.

All the precepts of Chriflianity command us to
moderate our p.idions, to temper our a^eBicnt to-
•wards all things below. Temple.

Let not the mind of a ftudent be under the
influence of warm affeBi''* to things of fenfe,
when he comes to the ft arch of truth.

Walts' s Improvement of the Mind.

5. State of the mind, in general.

There grows.
In my moft iU-compos'd afftfiim, fuch .
A l^anchlcfs avarice, that w'ere I king,
1 (hould cut o(i*the nobles for their lands.

Shahfpeare's Af.uhetb.
The man that hath no mufick in hirafelf.
Nor is not mov'd with concord of fweet founds.
Is At for treafons, ftratagems, and fpoils ;
The motions of his fpirit are dull as night,
And his affeiiicns dark as Erebus :
Let no fuch man be trudcd.

Sbakejp, Mercb, of Venice.

6. Quality ; property.

The certaintyand accuratenefs which is attributed
to what mathematicians deliver, muft be reftrained
to whac they teach,- concerning thofe purely ma-
thematical difciplines, arithmetick and geometry,
where the affeBions of quantity are abftradtedly
confidered. Boyle.

The mouth being neccffary to conduit the voice
to the fliapc of its cavity, necclTarily gives the
voice fome particular affeBion of found in its paf-
fagc before it come to the lips.

Holder's Elements of Speech.

God may have joined immaterial fouls to other
kinds of bodies, and in other laws of union ; and,
from thofe different laws of union, there will
arife quite different affcBions, and natures, and
fpecies of th^: compound beings. Bentlfy's Sermons,

7. State of the'body, as afted upon by any
caufe.

It feemed to me a venereal gonorrheea, and others
thought it arofe from fome fcorbutical affeBion.

fVifextn'i Surgery.

A F F

8. Lively reprefentation in painting.

AffeBion is the lively reprefentment of any paf-
fion whatfocvet, as if the figures (lood not upon *
cloth or board, but as if they were afting upon a
ftage. , , ffctton's ArcbittBure.

9. It is ufcd by Shakefpeare fometime*
for afftBatio't.

There w is rothing in it that could 'indift the
author of eiffeBicn. Stakcfptart.

Affe'ction ATE. adj. [affeaionne, Fr.
from affeilion.'\

1 . Full of auedlion ; ftrongly moved-j
warm ; zc3:lou$.

Ii> Iheif love of God, and defire to pleafe himi
men can never be too affcBicnatc : and it is as
true, that in their hatted of Cn, men may be
fom^t-mcs too p-afiinnatc. Spratt's Sermons*

2. Strongly inclined to; difpofed to;
with the particle to.

As for the parliament, it prefently took (ire,
being cffeB'ionate, of o.U, rt the war of France.

Bacons Henry VII,

3. Fond ; tender.

He found me fitting, beholding this pifiure, I
know not with how afeBiorate countenance, but,
I am fure, with a mcll affcBioiuste mind. Siiny,

Away trey fly
AffcBionate, and undefiring bear
The mod delicious morfel to their young.

Tliomfms Spring.

4. Benevolent ; tender.

When we reflcdl on all this aJfcBionate care of
Providence for our happincfs, with what wonder
muft we obfervc the little effjft it has on men !

R'-gcrs's Sermons,
Affe'ctjon ATELY. adv. [from ajic-
t innate.] In an affeftionate manner ;
fondly ; tenderly ; benevolently.
Affe'ction ateness. rt. /. [from af-
feBionate."] The quality or ftate of be-
ing afFeftionate ; fondnefs ; tendernefs ;
good-will ; benevolence.
Affe'ction ED. adj. [from aJeSlien.]

1 . AfFefted ; conceited. This fenfe is
now obfolete.

An affeBioned afs that cons ftate without book,
and utters it by great fwaths.

Shaktfpejre's Ttvelftb Night,

2. Inclined ; mentally difpofed.

Be kindly affeBioned one to another.

Rom. xii. lo.

Affe'ctiously. ad'v. [from nffeB.} In
an affeSing manner. Dii}.

Affe ctive. adj. [from affcSt.] That
which affefts ; that which ftrongly
touches. It is generally uled for painful.

Pain is fo uneafy a fentiment, that very little
of it is enough to corrupt every enjoyment; and
the effeft Cod intends this variety of ungrjteful
and affeBive fentiments (hould have on us, is to
reclaim our atfcflions from this valley of tears.

Kogtrt,

Affectuo'sity. »./. [from ajfciluous ."l
Paffionatenefs. Diil.

Apfe'ctuous. adj. [from affcil."] Full
of paffion ; as, an affeauous fpecch : a
word little ufed.

To Affe're. -v. a. [ajisr, Fr.] A law
term, fignifying to confirm. See To
A !■■ F E A R .

Affe'rors. n./. [from ajfere."]

Such as are appointed in court-leets, &e. upon
oath, to mulft fuch a< have committed faults ar-
bitrarily puni(hable, and have no exprefs penalty
fet down by ftatute. Ci/ivell,

AFFI'ANCE. n.f. [affiance, from affier,

Fr.]
I. A mwriage-contraft.

A(

A F F

At lift fuch grace I found, and meani I wrought,
Thit 1 that lady to my fpoufe had won.

Accord of friends, confent of parents fought,
j^arce made, my happincfs begyn.

Fairy ^emj i. n.

2. Truft in general; confidence; fecure
reliance.

Tb^ duke Is virtuous, mild, and too well given
To dream on evil, or to work my downfall.—
^Ah ! what's more dangeious than thi» fond

offi.;iice f
Seemi he a dove ? his feathcrj are but borrowed.
Sijkcf/.e.ire'i Hctrry VI.

3. Truft in the divine promifes and pro-
teftion. To this fenfe it is now almoft
confined.

Religion receives man into a covenant of gracp,
where there is pardon reached out to all truly pe-
nitent finners, and afllHancc prooufed, and en-
gaged, and beftowed upon very cafy conditions,
vis. humility, prayer, and afijnce in him.

Uopmond's Fundmrurleh.

There can be no furer way to fucccfs, than by
ffclain-.tng all confidence in ourleJvcs, and refer-
jint; the events of things to God with an implicit
aftjnce, Atterbury^s Serrmnt*

To Affi'ance. "v. a. [from the noun

affiance.'^
1 . To betroth ; to bind any one by pro-

mife to marriage.

To me, fad maid, or rather widow fad,
He was a^anced long time before.

And facred pledges he both gave and had j
Filfcj errant Icaighc, infamous, and forefwore.

Fa'try Sluan,

Her ftiuld Angelohavc married, was a^anced to
her b) oath, and the nuptial appointed ; between
which time of the contra^, and limit of the fo-
lemnity, his brother was wrecked, having in that
veiM the dowry of his lifter.

Shahjfearti Meafurifar Mtajure*

I. To give confidence.

Strjngei- ! wh e'er thou art, fecurely reft
Affjnc'd in my faith, a friendly gued.

Po/te's OJ}Jpy-
ArFl'AKCER. K. /. [from affiance.] He
that makes a contraft of marriage be-
tween two parties. Did.
Affida'tion. l"./. [from affii/o, Lat.
Akfida'ture. J See Affied.] Mutual
coatraft ; mutual oarh of fidelity. Diil.
Affida'vit. »./ [njii/a'vit figni&es, in
the language of the common law, he
mode talh.] A declaration upon oath.

You faid, if 1 return'd next *fize in Lent,
I flioulu be in remitter of your grace ;
In th' interim my letters (hould take place
Of nff.da-vin. D',nne.

Cjunt Rechteren Ih^uM have m.ide ajjiAai-it
that his fervants had been aSronted, and then
Monficur Mcfiia^cr wouid have dsne him juf^icc.
Spiiliiior, N ' 4S I .
Afpi'ed. participial adj. [from the verb
ojy, derived from ajfido, Lat. Brafton
uling the phrafe afidare mulieres.] Join-
ed by coutraii ; affianced.

Be we affuii-, and fuch aHurancc ta'en,
Asrhallwithcithcrpart'*ia^reeni«ntltand. Shaktjp.
A F F I L r a't I o N . n.f. [ from ad and fiUui,
Lat.] Adoption; the aft of taking- a
for.. Chamtcrs.

A'ffinace. n. /, [ttffiaage, I'r.] The
aft of refining metals by the cupel. Dicl.
Af fi'ned. adj. [from affinii, Lat.] Join-
ed by affinity to another ; related to
another.

If p irtially affin'd, or leagu'd in office,
Thou doft deliver more or lefs than truth,
Thou art no foldicr. Sbahfprtri't Oliilh.

A F F

Affi'nitv. «. / [ajiitite. Ft. from a/,
f.nii, Lat.]

1. Relation by marriage; relation con-
trafted by the h'jibaud to the kindred
of the wife, and by the wife to thofe of
the hufband. It is oppofed to conjan-
guinity, or relation by birth.

In this fenfe it has fometiraes the par-
ticle •■with, and fometimes to, before the
perfon to whom the relation is contraftcd.

Tliey had left none alive, by the blindnefs of
rage killing many guiltlefs perfons, cither fir
affir'ity ta the tyrant, or enmity to the tyrant-kil-
lers. Sidney, b. ii.

And Solomon made affinity taith Pharaoh king
of Egypt, and took Pharaoh s daughter.

I Kings, iii. I.

A breach was made with France itfelf, notwith-
ftanding f) (irait an rjiriy, fo lately accomplilhed ;
as if indeed (according to that pleafant maxim of
ftate) kingdoms were never married. fyomn.

2. Relation to ; connexion with ; refera-
blance to : fpoken of things.

The Britifh tongue, or Welfh, was In ufe only
in this iflar.d, having great affinity luitt the old
Callick. Camden.

All things that have affinity toiih the heavens,
move upon the center of another, which they be-
nefit. Bacon, Effiay xxiv.
The art of painting bath wonderful affinity with
that of poetry. Dryd. Dufrcjnoy, jfrtf.
Man is more diftinguilhed by devotion than by
reafon, as feveral brute creatures difcover fome-
thing like reafcn, thou^jh they betray not any
thing ttut bears the Icall affinity tn devotiutu

MJipn, Sfecl. No zoi.
Tc AFFI'RM. V. n. [affirmo, Lat.] To
declare ; to tell confidently : oppofed
to the word deny.

Yet their own authors faithfully affirm.
That the land Salike lies in Germany,
Between the floods of Sala and of Elve.

Sbakejf. Henry V.
To Affi'rm. «y. a,

1 . To declare pofitively ; as, to affrm a
fdft.

2. To ratify or approve a former law, or
judgment : oppofed to rcverfe or repeal.

The houfe of peers hath a power of judicature
in fome cafes, properly to examine, and then to
affirm ; or, if there be caufe, to revcrfc the judg-
ments wliich have been given in the court of king's
bench. Bacm'i Ad-vice 10 Sir G. fi/lien.

In this fenfe we fay, fo affirm the truth.
Afpi'r M ABLE. «i^'. \ixc3m. affirm.] That
which may be affirmed.

Thofe attributes and coucepcrons that were ap-
plicable and offirmabU of him 'vhen prefcnt, arc
now affirmable and applicable to him though pal^.
Haters Origin of Mankind.

Affi'rmance. n.f. [from affirm.] Con-
firmation : oppofed to repeal.

Thio AatutE did but rel'.orc an ancient fta-
tute, which was itfelf alio made but in affirmance
of the common law. Bacnn.

Appi'hmant. n.f. [itom affirm.] The
perfon that affirms ; a declarer. Diil.

Affi rma'tion. n.f. [affirmatio, hat.]

1. The aft of affirming or declaring : op-
pofed to negation or denial.

This gentleman vou*.hes, upon warrant of bloody
affirmation, hik to be more virtuous, and lefs at-
temptable, than any of our ladies.

Sbate/peare't Cymhirme.

2. The pofition afftrmed.

That he ShM receive nu benefit from Chrift, is
the affirmation whereon his dcfpair is founded ; and
one \\ay of removing this difmal apprehenlion, is,
to cgnvinu lum, that Chriil't de«tli, if he per-

A F F

form the condition required, {hall certainly belong
to him. Hammcnd^i Fundametitalu

3. Confirmation : oppofed to repeal.

The learned in the laws of our land obferve,

that out ftatutes fometimes are only itic affirmation,

or ratification, of that which, by common law, was

held before. Hooker.

Affirmative, adj. [fiom ^^rw.]

1, That which affirms, oppofed to uega-
fi've ; in which fenfe we ufe the affirma-
tii'i abfolutely, that is, the affirmati-ve
pofition.

for the affirmative, we are now to anfwer fuch
proofs of theirs as have been before alleged.

Hooter,

Whether there are fuch beings or not, 'ti^ juffi-
cient for my puvpofe, that many have bcl'ev.d
the affirmative. Dryd.n.

2, That which can or may be affirmed : a
fenfe ufed chiefly in fcience.

As in algebra, where a/^rma/ii<« quantities va-
nlflr or ccafe, there negative ones begin; fo in
mechanick?, where attradion ceafes, there a re-
pulfive virtue ought to fucceed. Netut. Opt.

3, Applied to perfons, he who has the
habit of affirming with vehemence ; po-
fitive ; dogmatical.

Be not confident and affirmative in an uncer-
tain matter, but report thmgs modeftly and tem*
peratcly, according to the degree of that perfua-
fion, which is, or ought e> be, begotten by the
efficacy of the authority, or the realon, inducing
thee. Taylor.

AFFi'RMATlvBLy. «</*. [from affirnux'
ti-ve.] In an affirmative manner; on
the poUtive fide ; not negatively.

The reafon of man hath no fuch reftiaints
concluding not only affirmatively, but negatively;
not only affirming, there is no magnitude beyond
the lall heavens, but alfo denying, theie is any
vacuity within them. Brown i Vtilgar Errours.
Affi'rmer. ». /. [from affirm.] The
perfon that affirms.

If by the word virtue, the affirmer intends our
whole duty to God and man ; and the denier, by
the vi-ord virtue, means only courage, or, at
moft, our duty toward our neighbour, without in-
cluding, in the idea of it, the duty which we owe
to God. fVatts't Logitkt

To AvFl'x. -v. a. [affigo,a^xHm,'L^i>.]

1. To unite to the end, or apojieriori; to
fubjoin.

He that has fettled in his mind determined
ideas, with names affixed to them, will be able
to difcern their difTerences one from another.

Lode,

If men conftantly affixed applaufe and difgrace

where they ought, the principle of fliame would

have a very good influtnce on publick conduftj

though on fecret viilinies it lays no rellraint.

Rogtrs't Sermam.

2. To conneft confequentially.

The d"£lrine of irrefiftibility of grace, in work,
ing whatfoever it works, if it be acknowledged,
there is nothing to be affixt to gratitude.

Hammotid'i Fundamentals

3. Simply to fatten or fix. Obfulete.

Her modcli eyes, abafhed to behold
So many gazers as on her do Hare,
Upon the lowly ground affixed arc. Spenfcr.

Affi'x. ?i.f. [affixum, hs-t.] A term of
grammar. Something united to the end
of a word.

In the Hebrew language, the nr.un has its affixi,
to denote the pronouns poiicHive or relative.

C/jrie's Latin Grammar.
Affi'xion, n.f. [from affix.]

1. The aft of affixing.

2. The ftate of being affixed. ^ DiiT.

a AF^•LA'T^o^.

A F F

Afpia'tion. »./. [/7^o, /i^atum, L».t.]
The kEL of breathing upon any thinj;.

Dia.

jtFFLJTrS. r. f. [Lat.] Coromuni
cation oKthe power of prophecy,.

The poet writing ngainrt his genius, will be
nke ■^ projliet withoac his afiatus.

SfcKct nil tbt Oiiffiy.
7'e AFFLI'CT. 1'. a. [afiiao, affliaum,

Lat.]
I . To put to pain ; to grieve ; to tor-
ment.

It tucheth us how God thought fit to pliguc

■ and affi'iti them; it doth not appoint in what

form and manner »• ought to punifli the fin ol

idohtry ir) others. Ihdlcr, h. v. § 17.

O coward conl'ciencc, how doft thou agliil mc !
The lights burn blue — Is it not dead mijiiight ?
Coid tearful drop« tUnd on my trembling fle/h.

Slaktfi,.Bkh.in.

Give nnt over thy mind to heavinefs, and affiiH
not thyfglfin thireown counfel. Ecclus. xxt. zi.

A father aJjUSltd ivith untimely mourning, when
lie hath made an image of his child foon taken
awiy, now honoured him as a God, which was
then a dead man, and delivered to tliofe that were
under him ceremonies and facrifices. ffiftiuit,

A melancholy tear tiJliBs my eye.
And my heart labours with a fudden figh. Prior.
Z. The paffiv e to be nffliaed, has often at
before the caufal noun ; by is likewife
proper.

'I he mother was fo affllStd at the lofs of a fine
boy, who was her only fon, that (he died for grief
of ". ^ Add'Jan, HfcB.

Affli'ctrdness. n. f. \itom affliaed.']
The ftate of affliftion, or of being af-
flided ; forrowfulnefs ; grief.

Afpli'cter. ». /. [from a^;V7.] The
perfon that affliils.

Affli'ction. n.f. [a^iaic, Lzt.]

I . The caufc of pain or forrow ; calamity.

To the flclh, as the apoftle himfdf granteth,

all afflmion it naturally grievous ; therefore na-

^, tiire, which caufeth fear, tcacheth to pray againft

all adverfity. JUokcr, h. v. §.4?.

We'll bring you to one that you have cozened
uf m )ney ; I think to repay that money will be a
V-ing ^fflirtm, SL-Jkcffcare.

2. 'The ftate of forrowfulnefs; mifery :
'oppofed toyoy or prc/perity.

Bjfidci you know,
Profperity's the vei-y bond of love,
Whofe frelh complexion, and whofe heart to-
gether,
jff.l'Jkn altera. Shaieff,. trimn's Tall.

Where fliall we find the man that bears aMk-

t'lOV,

, Great and majeftic in hit grieft, like Cato ?

AdtlifaCi Crf/c.
Some virtues are only fccn in iiffliahr, and fomc
in profperily. Mii}J'M, Sptliaf.r, ti't^y.

Akfm'ctive. a///, [from ajlia.] That
which caufes aihidtion ; painful ; tor-
menting.

Tiiey tiund martyrdom a duty drefled up in-
deed with all that was terrible and ajp.-flive to
huHjan nature, yet not at all the lefs a duty.

Nor con they find
;,/Whe« tJ) rcdre thcmfclves,'or where appeafe • '.
I 2! 'V^"''^' J'-'^" c.irc of food, expos J

To windj, and ftorms, and jaws of fava^e death.

I'tilijti.
Reftlefs Ptoferpine —
—On the fpacious land and liquid main
Spreads (low difeafc, and darts aJllU'mi pain.

Prior,

A'rrLWENCE. ,,. /. [aj^mtce, Fr. nfflu-
*«//«, Lat. J

A F F

1. The aft of flowing to any place; con-
courfe. It is almoft always ufed figu
ratitTly.

I (hall not relate the affvenic of young nobles
from hence into Spain, after the voice of our
pri^tc being therr liaJ been nnlfcd. H^otrcr.

2. Exuberance of riches; ftream of wealth ;
plenty.

Thofe degrees of fortune, whlch~give fuUief!
and afflutncc to one ftation, may be want and pe-
nury in another. Rcgcrt.

Lit joy or eafe, let affucree or content.
And the gay confcicnce of a life well fpcnt,
Calm ev'ry thought, infpirit ev'rj' grace. Poft.

A'ffluency. n.f. The fame with /t/"-
Jiueiice,

A'FFLUENT. adj. l^-ffiutnt. Fr. affluent,
Lat.]

1 . Flowing to any part.

Thefe parts are no more than fnundition-piles
of the enfiiing body; which are afterwards to be
increafcd and raifed to a greater bulk, by the
a^K.w blood that is tranfmitted out of the mother's
°^^'^. }!aney on dnfimftiOK!.

2, Abundant ; exuberant ; wealthy.

I fee thee, Lord and end of my defire.
Loaded and bleft with all the ajftuenl ilore,
Which human vows at fmoking (hrines implore.

Prior.

A'ffluentness. n.f. [from affluent.]
The quality of being affluent. Dia.

A'fflux. ti.f. [affiuxus, Lat.]

1 . Tlie aft of flowing to fome place ; af-
fluence.

2. That which flows to another place.

1 he caufe hereof cannot be a fupply by pro-
creations; crgt, it muft.be by new affiuxa to
London out of the country. "* Craunl.

The infant grows bigger out of the womb, b\
agglutinating one affiux of blood ^o.anotl)er.

Harviy en Cvi:fumftwtii.

An animal that muft lie Hill, receives the afflux
of colder or warmer, clean or foul \yater, as it hap-
pens to come to it. Locke.-

Afflu'xion. n.f. [affluxioyhax,]

1. The aft of flowing to a particular
place.

2. That which flows from one place to
another.

An inflammation either fimple, confifting of

an ho: and fanguincous affluxiou, or elfc denomi-

nablc from other humours, according unto the

prcdomiaaocy of melancholy, phlegm, or choler.

Bro^vn^i l^ulgar Errouri.

To Affo'rd. V, a. [ajourrer, alfourra-
ger, Fr.]

1. To yield or produce ; as, the fill af-
fords grain ; the trees afford fruits. This

feems to be the primitive fignification.

2. To grant, or confer any thing; gene-
rally in a good fenfe, and fometimes in
a bad, but lefs properly.

So foon as Maurmon there .irriv'd, the door
To him did open, and afforJ/J way. Fairy Sluetn.
This is the coiifolatiun of all good men, unto
whom his ubiquity a^r,/./i. continual comfirtand
fecurity ; and this is the alHiai.m of hell, to wham
it affiide'.h dcfpair and rtmcdilefs calamity.

ISrcivrl'i Vuhor Err6urs.

3. To be able to fell. It is uled always
with reference to fome certain price ; as,
/ can afford this for lefs than the other.

They lisl their magazines in times of the grcareft
plenty, that li> they may nj^ri/ cheaper, nnd in-
Cfcafe the public revenue at a fmall exp-nce of its
■n^^'^'n'w'"!- MJifon m Italy.

4. To be able to bear expences ; as, tra-

A F F

ders can effird more fncry in peaee than
ivar.

The f.ime errours run through ill families,
where there is wealth enough to afford that their
fons may be good for twthing.

S'U'ift ^n Motiirr Education.
To AFFO'REST. i/. a. [affcrcftare, Lat.]
To turn ground into forcft.

It appcareth, by Chana dt Forrfta, that he
affirtjird many woods and waftes, to the grievance
of the fubjeft, which by that law were difaffo.
retted. S,r Jihn D:smcs 'n Irtlaxi.

Afforesta'tiok. n. f. [from afforeft.']

The charter de Forcjlj was to rcf jj m the en-
croachments made in the time of RUbard I. and
Henry II. who had made new ojftrejlar'ient, and
much extended the rigour of the foreft laws.

Halt's C'.mvar. Law of England.
To Affra'kchise. i/.«. {affrancbertYx.]

To make free.
To AFFRA'Y. -v. a. [effrayer, or effriger,
Fr. which Menage derives from /V<7f cr ;
perhaps it comes . from frigus.] To
fright ; to terrify ; to ftrike with fear.
This word is not now in ufe.

The fame to wight he never would difclofe.
But when as mongers huge he would difmay.

Or daunt unequal armies of his foes,
Or when the flying heavens he woiAd affray.

Fairy Shtecn.

AFFRA'Y,or ApFRA'yMEfTT. n.f [from
the verb.]

1. A tumultuous aflault of one or more
perfons upon others ; a law term. A
battle : in this fenfe it is written //-ay.

2. Tumult; confufion : out of ufe.

Let the night be calm and quietf >me.
Without tempcftuaus ftorms or la J affray. Sp!nfer.

Afpri'ction'. n.f. [affriaio, Lat.] The
aft of rubbing one thing upon another.

I have divers times obferved, in wearing filver-
hilted fwords, that, if they rubbed upon ray
cloaths, if they were of a light-coloured cloth,
the affriliiun would quickly blacken them ; and,
congruouily hereunto, I have found pens blacked
almoft all over, when I had a while carried them
about me in a filver cafe. £y/«.

To Affri'ght. "o. a. [See Fright.]

1. To afi^eft with fear ; to terrify. It gene-
rally implies a fudden impreffion of fear.

Thy name affrights me, in whofe found is death.
Sbakefprnre's henry VI,
Godlike his courage feem'd, whom nor delight
Could foften, nor the face oi Am'n affright. Waller.

He, when his country (threaten'd with alarm]
Requires his courage and his conq'ring arm.
Shall, more tlian once, the Punic bands affri/^bt.
Dry/Un'i j^neid.

2. It is ufed in the paflive, fometimes with
at before the thing feared.

Thou ftialt not be affrigkud at them : for thf
Lord thy God is among you. Drut.vVi. ai.

3. Sometimes with the particle iv/VA be-
fore the thing feared.

As one affrigbt
With hetlilh fiends, or furies mad uproar.
He then uprofc. Fairy Slueai, h. ii. car.t. 5.

Afpri'cht. n.f. [from, the verb.}
I. Terrour; fear. This word is chiefly
poetical.

As the moon, doathed With cloudy night, '
Does (liew to him that walks ia fear and fad
affright. Fairy S^uten,

Wide was his parifh, not contraflcd clofe
In ftieets, but here and there a draggling houfe ;
Yet ftill he was at hand, without rcqtieft.
To ferye the fick, to fuccour the diftrefs'd ;
Tempting, on /oot, alone, without affright.
The dangcri of a dirk tcmpeftuous mght.

Dryden's Faifeu

2. The

A F F

A F L

A F O

e. The caufe of fear; a terrible objedl;
dreadful appearance.

1 fee the gods
Ufbra-d our fuff'rings, and woulj humble them.
By fending thcfe afrighti^ while we are here,
That we might laugh at their ridiculous fear,

B. Jorf. Catilhi.

The «-ir at hand appeal with more affright.

And rifes cv'ry moment to the fight. Dryd. AEntiJ.

Affri'ghtfui,. ai/J. [from afrigbt.]

Full of aft'right or terrour ; terrible ;

dreadful.

There is an ahfence of all that is dcrtrufllTe or
effrigirful to humia nature. D^caycf Pictv,

Affri'chtment. n.f. [irom aj'fight .^
t. The impreflion of fear; terrour.

Slie awaked with the effrighiment of a dreama

Paflionate words or blows from the tutor, fill

the child's mind with terrour ar.d uffrigbiirint ;

which immediately takes it wholly up, np.d leaves

no room for other impreflion. Locke.

2. The ftnte of fearful nefs.

Whether thofe that, under any an^uifli of
mind, return to affngbtmir.is or doubtings, have
not been hypcrites. Eantimr.d.

To AFFRO'NT. v. a. [affronter, Fr. that
is, ad front em Jlare ; ad frontem contu-
tiuJiam allidcre, to infult a man to his
face.]
i. To meet face to face ; to encounter.

■ This feems the genuine and original
fcnfe of the word, which was formerly
indifferent to good or ill.

We haic clofcly fent for Hamlet hither.
That he, as *twerc by accident, may here
Affr^M Ophelia, Skahfpeare't Hamlit.

The feditioui, the next day, offrintid the king's
forces at the cntiaice of a highway ; wliom when
tliL*y found both ready and rcfolute to fight, they
dL-fir'^d ent;rparlance. Sir Jr,tn Hayivard,

2. To meet, in an boftile manner, front
to front.

His holy rites and folemn feails profan'd,
And with their darknefs durft affnr.t his light.

Paradijt L;]i.

3, To offer an open infult; to offend
avowedly. With refpecl to this fenfe,
it is obicrved by Cervantes, that, if a
m.m ftrikes another on the back, and
then runs away, the perfon fo llruck is
\v.]\McA,\)W\. nor. affrDitled ; a.n affrcnt dX-
ways implying a juftificationofthe aft.

Did nijt this latjl war affrort thy coaft .'
Yet fjtteil ih.ou an idle looker-on. Fairfax, i. 51.

But harm precedes not fin, only our foe.
Tempting. a^iCTtti us with his fool cfteem
Of our integrity. Mi,'l'/n'i Paradift L'_H, b. ix.

I would learn the canfe, why I'orrifmond,
Wi;hln my palace walls, within my hearing,
Almoft within my fight, affrtni) a prince,
Wt.o fbortly Oiail command him.

• Drydtn'i Uparijh Friar.

This brings to mind Faultina's fondnel's for thi-
gh liator, and is interpreted as f;rire. But how
can one imagine, that the Fathers would have dared
t'l affr:r.t the wife of Autelius ? Addijon.

Afpro'nt. n.f. [from the ■^txh affront .'\

1. Open oppofition ; encounter: a fcnfe
not frequent, though regularly deduci-

■ ble from the derivation.

Frarlcfj of danger, like a petty god
I walk'd ab'jul admir'd of all, and dreaded
0.1 boftilc ground, none daring my affront,

Samfon A^'^fijlri,

2. Infult offered to the face ; contemptu-
0U5 or rude treatment-; contumely.

He wiiuld of'rn maiulaiu I'lao'.ianus, in dnlr. ;
»ffri,r.li to hi» fun. Baeon'x EJjayi.

YouVedone enough; foryoudefign'd my chains:
The grace is vanifii'd, but th' affront remains.

Drydof s Aitrengx.i:ht.

He that is found reafonabic in one tiling, is con-
cluded to be fo in all j and to think or fay otherwif?,
is thought fo unjurt an affrcr.t, and fo fcnfelefs a
cenfurc, that nobody ventures to do it. Locke.

There is nothing which we receive with fo much
rcluft.mce as advice : we look iipon the man who
gives it us, as offering an a/?/-';^? to our uiiderftand.
ing, and treating us like children or idiots.

Addifon'! SfcStator, N" 512.

3. Outrage ; aft of contempt, in a more
general fenfe.

Oft have they violated
The temple, oft the law with foul affrnnn.
Abominations rather, Mdr-n^s Par.Tdife Regained,

4, Difgrace ; (hame. This fenfe is rather
peculiar to the Scotti.1i dialeft.

Antonius attacked the pirates of Crete, and, bv
his too great prcfumptinn, was defeated"; upon the
fenfe of which affmni he died with grief.

Ariutbr.ol 01: Coins.

Affro'nter. ».yi [{torn affro/it.] The
perfon that affronts.

At f no' XT t KG. participial aJJ. [from «/"-
_/0-o»/.] That which has the quality of
affronting ; contumelious.

Among words which fignify the fame principal
ideas, fome are clean and decent, others unclean ;
fome arc kind, others are a/froiitit:g and reproach-
ful, becaufe of the fccondary idea which cuttom
has affixed to them. lyal'i's Logici.

To AFFLTSE. -v. a. \affundo, aff'ufum,
Lat,] To pour one thing upon another.

I poured acid liquors, to try if they cont^iined
any volatile fait or fpirit, which would probably
have difcovered itfelf, by making an ebullition
with the affujcd liquor. Boyle.

Affu'sion. n.f. [affiijio, Lat.] The aft
of pouring one thing upon another.

Upon the affujion of a tincture of galls, it im-
mediately became as black as ink, Grciv^i Muj'awr,.
To AFFY'. -v. a. [nfficr, Fr, affidare mu-
lierem, Brafton,] To betroth in order
to marriage,

Wed-lcd be thou to the hags of hcli.
For daring toa^ a mighty lord
Unto the daughter of a wurthlefs king.

Shahefpearc^i Henry VI.

To AfFy'. t. n. To put confidence in;
to put trull in ; to confide. Not in ufe.

Marcus A«- Ironicus, fo I do affy
In thy upri^iUtnefs and integrity.
That I will here difmifs my loving friends.

Sbakefp. Titus Andr.

Api'eld. adnj. [from a T^nii field. See
Field.] To the field.

We drove afield, and bith togi^ther heard
What time the grey fiy winds her fultry horn,
Batt'nirg our flocks with the frelh dews of night,

M.iios.
Afield I went, amid the morning dew.
To milk my kine, for fo fiiould houfcwives do.

Cjy.
Apla't, ad'v. [from a and flat. See
Flat.] Level with the ground.

When you would have many nev/ roots of fruk-
trees, take a low tre-, and bow it, and lay all W>
branches afiat upon the ground, and cart crfrth
upon them ; and every twig will take root.

Baton'' I Natural WJliry.

Ai'Lo'at. etdv. [from a and float. See

Float.] Floating; born up in the

water ; not finking : in a rigurauvc

fenfe, within view ; in motion.

There h a tid" ir, the alTain of men,
Which taken at the flood, Inds on to fortune ;
Omitted, all the voyage of their life
is bound in IhatlDwi* and in miferies.
On fuch a full fca are wc sow ajitj: ;

And we muft take the current when it fetvei.
Or lofe our venturer. Shakrjfenre's 'Jiditii C^efjr.

Take any paflion of tire foul of man, while it is
predominant and afiiat, and, jiift in tlie critical
height of it, nick it <vith fome lucky or unlucky
■ word, and you may as certai;:!y over-rule it ta
your own purpofe, as a fpark of fire, filling upon
gunpowder, will infallibly blow it up. Scmh,

There arc generally fcvcral hundred loads of tim-
ber afloat, fcr tiicy cut above f.venty-.nve leagur>>
up the river ; and other rivers bring in their con-
tributloi 3. Adi'i/cn'i July.

Afo'ot. adv.. [from a and foot.]

1. On foot ; not on horfehack. <

He tliought it bell to rttiun, tor that day, t> a
vilLig': not far off; and difpa:ching his horfc (n
fome fort, the next day early, to come afcr.f thi-
ther. _ ShaL:fl>eait.

2. Ill aftion ; as, a deftgn is afoot.

I pr'ylhec, when thou fecit that aft a/lot, .
Ev'n with the very comment of tiiy foul
Ob.erve mine uncle. isbakeffcare.

3. In mction.

Of Albany's and Cornwall's pow'rs you hearti
not^
'Tis faid tiiey are .if>,ct. Sbaiefpeare'i King Lear.

.^fc'r E. /re/, [from a and/ir^. See Bs;-

FORE.]

1. Not bcLind ; as, he held the fiiicli
efor^ : not in ufe.

2. Before ; nearer in place to any tJiino-;
as, he Hood nTore hiin.

3. Sooner in time.

If jour diligence be not fpeedy, I fhall be there
afore you. Hhakcjpeare s Kit:g Lear.

Afo're. adv.

1. In time foregone or pad.

Whofoever fti>ulJ make light of any thing afore
fpoken or written, out of his own houfe a tree
ihould be taken, and he thereon be hanged.

Efdras, vi. 22.

If he never drank wine afcre, it will go near to
remove his fit. Hbakcjfearc'i Taitjc^.

2. Firft in the way,

Emilia, run you to the citadel.
And tell my lord and lady what hath hap'd ;
Will you go on afore? Sbakj'feare'i OtbelU.

3. In front ; in the fore-part.

Approaching nigh, he reared hijh afore
His body monltrous, horrible, and vaft. Fairy 9.

Afo'regoinc, participial adj. [from afore
andje/'/f.] Going before.

Apo'reh AND.oa'f. [from afore znd band.']

1. By a previous provifion.

Many "f the paiticular fubjcds of difcnuife are
occafional, and fuch as cannot tforeband be re-
duced to any certain account.

Gcvernment of tbe ToMgm.

2. Provided; prepared; previoufly fitted.

Kor'ic will be faid, that in the former times,
whereof we have Ipiken, Spain was not lo raigh.7
as now it is ; and England, on the other fide, was
tnoie afrehatid In ali matters t»f power.

Baton'i Confidnatirni on ff,H- wifi Sfaiii,
Afo'rementioned. adj. [from afore
and acnticned.] Mcntio.aed before.

Among the nine other parts, five are n.jt in ■
condition to give alms or lelicf to thofe aforemen-
tioned i being very near reduced thcmfelves to the
fame mifctable condiS-jn. Addill!,

Ak ©'renamed, adj. [from afore and
named.] Named before.

Imitate fomcihng of ciicular form, in which,
as in all other aforenamed proportioos, jou fhall
help youuclf by the aiaiiwar.

feaebam en Drataittjr.
Ato'rimaid. adj. [from afore ^ad faid.]
bald before.

It need not po for repetition, if we refume agnin
that which we iVld in the aforrjid cxcerimeiit.

Ctcaifi lleiurai ifiijicrf, N" 7^ i .

G 3 Afo're-

AFT

Afo'kbtimi. adv. [from afortiXiA timi.'\
In time paiL

O thou that art waxen old !n victEcdncfs, now
thy fins which thou had committed afom'.vu itc
come to light. .Sujr.ni:.:.

.\fv.\'it>. pkrti.lpial a/ij. [from the verb
affray : It fnould therefore properly be
written with_^".]

1. Struck with fear ; terrified; fearful.

To perfcrute fhem with thy trmpcft, and make
them a/Vfl/V with thy ftorm. PJ'alm ixxxWi. 15.

2. It has the particle e/ before the objedl
of fear.

There, loathing life, and yet cf death efraiJ,
In anguilh of her fpirit, thus Hie pray'd,

Drydtn's FabUu
If, while this wearied flelhdraws fleeting breath,
Not fatisfy'd with lite, afraid of death.
It haf 'ly be thy will, that I ihould know
Glimpfe of delight, or paufe from anxio-js woe j
From now, fiom inftant now, great Sire, dil'pil
The clouds that prcl's my foul. t'rior.

Apre'sh. adv. [from a AaA frejh. See
Fresh.] Anew; again, after inter-
million.

The Germans ferving upon great horfes, and
charged wijh heavy armour, received jrcat hurt b)
light Ikirmifliesj the Turks, with their light
horfes, ealiiy Oiunning their charge, and again,
»t their p'eafure, charging them afrtjb, when
they faw the heavy horfes almofl weary.

Kmlltl's Hifiory cf the Turks.
When once we have attained thcfe ideas, they
may be excited afrijhby the ufe of words.

tyatts'i Logkk.
Afro'nt. cdv. [from a andyrew?.] In
front ; in direfl oppofitlon to the face.

Thcfe four came all afront^ and mainly thruil at
me. Shakefpeare^s Henry IV. p. i.

A'FTER./r(r/. [xprep. Sax.]

1. Following in place, j^/ur is com-
monly applied to words of motion ; as,
he came a/ter, and flood behind him.
It is oppofed to before.

What lays Lord Warwick, (hall we after them ?—
^»Afttr them ! nay, hefcre them, if we can.

iStaifjxare'i Henry VI.

2. In purfuit of.

•//; r whom is the Icing of Ifrael come out?
After whom doft thou putfue i After a dead dog,
after aflea. i Sam. xxiv. 14.

3. Behind. This is not a common ufe.

Sometimes I placed a third prifm after a fecond,
and fomctimes alfo a fourth after a third, by al,
which the image might be often refraflcd fidc-
*ays. Neivtcn'sOjiiicki,

4. Poilerior in time.

Good after ill, and after pain delight ;
Alternate, like the fccnes of day and night.

Dry Jen' I Fahlet.

We (hall examine the ways of conveyance of the
fovereignty of Adam to princes that were to rcijn
after him. Locke.

5. According to.

He that thinketh Spain our over-match, is no
good mint-man, but takes grcatnefs of kingdoms
according to bulk and currency, and not after thci;
intrinfic value. Bacon.

6. In imitation of.

There a c, among the old Roman ftatucs, fevc-
ral of Venus, in different poftures and habits; as
there are many particular figures of her made after
the fame dilign. Mdijaris Italy.

Thiiallufion is after the oriental m.i ;ier : thui
in the Pfatms, how frequently are [).i:uns com-
pared to cedars. Fofe't Oayfj'eyy notei.

A'fteb. ad-v.

I. In fjcceeding time. It is ufed of time

mentioned as fucceeding fome other.

Sk> we cannot fay, I fliall be happy af- [

AFT

tir, but htreafter ; but we fay, I was
firft made miferablc by the lols, but
was after happier.

Far be it from me, ti juftify the cruelties which
were at lirft ufed towards tbein, which bad their
reward foon after. Bacon.

Thofe who, from the pit of hell
Roaming to feck tlieir prey on earth, durft fix
Their feats long after next the feat of God.

Faradife Ufl.

2. Following another.

Let go thy hold, when a great wheel runs down
a hill, le;l it break thy neck with following it ; but
the great one that goes upward, let him draw thee
after, Sbakeffieare't King Lear,

After is compounded with many words,
but almoft always in its genuine and
primitive fignification ; lome, which
occurred, will follow, by which others
may be explained.

A'fter acceptation. »./. [from a/itr
and acceptation.] A fenfe afterwards,
not at lirll admitted.

*Tis true, fonic dolors in a fcantier fpace,
I mean, in each apart, contrail the place :
Some, who to greater length extend the line.
The church's after accefiation ]o\n,

Vryden'i Hind ami Panther,
A'fteraces. »./ [Uom after and ages.]
Succeffive times ; pofterity. Of this
word I have found no lingular ; but fee
not why it might not be faid. This 'will
be done in fome afterage.

Noc the whole land, which the ChuGtes 0iould
or might, in future time, conquer ; feeing, in
afierages, they became lords of many nations.

Raleigh'! Hijtory of the IVorld,
Nor to philofophcrs is praife deny'd,
Whofe wife inftruftions afterages guide.

Sir y. Denham.

What an opinion will afterages entertain nf their

religion, who bid fair for a gibbet, to bring in a

fupcrftition, which their forefathers perilhcd in

flames to keep out. Addifon,

A'fter all. When all has been taken
into the view ; when there remains no-
thing more to be added ; at laft ; in
fine ; in conclufion ; upon the whole ;
at the mod.

They have given no good proof in aflerting this
extravagant principle ; for which, after at:, they
have no ground or colour, but a p:*fage cr two of
fcripture, mifcrably perverted, in oppofition to
many exprefs texts. Alterhury's Sermom,

But, after all, if they have any merit, it is to
be attributed to fome good old authors, whofe
works I ftudy. Fcfe on Fafi^val Fcetry.

A'fter BIRTH. ». / [from afler and
birth.] The membrane in which the
birth was involved, which is brought
away after ; the fecundine.

The exorbitances or degenerations, whether from
a hurt in labour, or from part of the after-butb
left behind, produce fuch vlr- lent diftempers of
the blood, as make It call out a t imour.

}r:i.mani Surgery,

A'fterclap. v.f. [from «//<T and <■/<./.]
Unexpedled events happening after an
affair is fuppofcd to be at an end.

For tlie nex t morrow's mead they clofely went.
For fear of afterclafs to prevent.

Spinf. Huh. rale.

It is commonly taken in an ill fcnfc.
A'ftercost. ». f. [from after and cofi.]
The latter charges ; the expence in-
curred after the original plan is exe-
cuted.

You mud take care to carry off the land- floods
and ftreams, Ijcforeyou attempt Uiaining ; left your

I

AFT

^ttreojt and labour prove unfticceftfol.

Mortimer i Hufhandry,
A'ftercrop. n.f. [from after and rr-5/.]
The fecond crop or harvell of the fame
year.

Aftercrops I think neither good for the land, nor
yet the hay good fur the cattle.

Afortimer'i Hujbondry,

A'PTER-DINNER. n.f. [from after and

dinner,] The hour paffing ju.'t after

dinner, which is generally allowed to

indulgence and amufement.

Thou haft nor youth nor age.
But, as it were, an afier-dimer's deep,
Dreaming on both. Shakefp,MeaJureforMeafart,

A'fter-endeavour. n.f. [from after
a.nd endeavour.] Endeavours made after
the firft effort or endeavour.

There is no reafon why the found of a pipe
Ih^yld leave traces in their brains, which, not firft,
but by their after-endeavours, ihould produce the
like founds. Locke.

A'fter-enquiry. n.f, [from after a.nd
enquiry.] Enquiry made after the fati
committed, or after life.

You muft either be directed by fome that take
upon them to know, or take upon yourfelf that,
which, I am fure, you do not know, or lump the
after-enquiry on your peril. Shakrfp. Cymheline.

Tij A'p T E R E Y E . f. a. [from afier and eye.^
To keep one in view ; to follow in view.
This is not in ufe.

Thou (houldft have made him
As little as a crow, or lefs, ere left
To aftereye him. Shakejpeare' s Cymtelint^

A'fte R GAME. n,f. [from after andgame.J
The fcheme which may be laid, or the
expedients which are pradifed after the
original defign has mifcarried ; methods
taken after the firft turn of affairs.

This earl, like certain vegetables, did bud and
open flowly ; nature fometimes delighting tx) play
an aftergame, as well as fortune, which had both
their turns and tides in courfe. tVotton.

The fables of the axe-handle and the wedge,
ferve to precaution us not to put ourfelvcs need-
lefsly upon an aftergame, but to weigh beforehand
what we fay and do. L'EJirange's Fables,

Our firft defign, my friend, has prov'd abortive ;
Still there remains an aftergame to play.

Addifon" s Cato,

.Vfterhours. n, f, [from afier and"
hour.'.] The hours that fucceed.

So fmile the heav'ns upon this holy aO,
Thzt afterlfours with forrow chide us not.

Siakefpeare's Romeo andyuliet,

A'fter-liver. n. f, [from after and
li-ve.] He that lives in fucceeding times.

By thee my promife font
Unto myfelf, let after-livers know. Sidney, b. ii.

A'fterlOve. n.f. [from /T/Jtv and love.l
The fecond or later love.

Intended, or committed, was this fault i
If but tlie firft, how heinous e'er it be.
To win thy after-love, I pardon thee.

Shakrfpeare's Richard II;

A'fter MATH. n.f. [from after s.nd math,
from moiu.] The latter math ; the fe-
cond crop of grafs, mown in autumn.
See Aftercrop.

A'fternoon. n.f. [from afier and noon.]
The time from the meridian to the even-
ing.

A beauty-waining and diftreffed widow,
Ev'n in the afternoon of her beft days,
Made prize and porchafe of his wanton eye.

Sbikefpeare's Richard III.
However,

AFT

Howtvtr, keep the Ih-ely tafte you ho'.S
Oi God i and lo\s him now, but fear him more 5

And, in your afttmocm, tliink what you told
And proaiis'd him at morning -prayer bcfwc.

Dcnm.
S-ach, all the morning, to the pleadings run ;
But, when the bus'nefs of tW- day is done.
On dice, and drink, and drabs, they fpend the af-
tertt^^n. Oryden^sP£rJius,Snt,\.

A'fterpains. n.f. [fiom^/^r and/a/».]
The pains after birth, by which women
are delivered of the iecundine.

A'fterpart. »./. [from nfter and fart."]
The latter part.

The flexibletcfs of the former part of a man's
age, not yet grown up to be headftrorg, makes it
more governable and fafc j and. In the afterparty
reafon and forefight begin a little to take place,
and mind a man of his fafety and improvement.

L'.:ir.

A'fter.proof. ». /. [from aflcr and
proof.]

1. Evidence pofterior to the thing in
qaeftion.

2. Qualities known by fubfequent expe-
rience.

All know, that he likewlfc at firft was much
under the expeftation of his ajrcrproof-^ Tuch a
folar infl.cnce there is in the folar afpefl. Jfo/.cn.
A'ftertaste. n.f. [from after zad tajld .]
A taile remaining upon the tongue after
the draught, which was not perceived
in the aft of drinking.
A'fterthought. a.f. [from after and
thought A Refledions after the adl ; ex-
pedients formed too late. It is not pro-
perly to be ufed fw fecondtbcught ,
£xpence, and afurtbougbt ^ and idle care.
And doubts of motley hue, and dark defpair ;
S-^fpicions, and fantaflical furmifc,
Aad jealoufy fuffusM with jaundice in her eyes,
Difcol luring all fhe view'd, in tawny drcfs'd,
Downlook'd, and with a cockow on her fill.

Vrydini Fabln.

A'fter-times. n.f. [from after and
ti>ru.'\ Succeeding times. See After-
aces.

you promis'd once, a progeny divine
Of Romans, ilfing from the Trojan line.
In uftertimti Ihould hold the world in awe,
. And Co the land and ocean give the law.

DryJen'i Virg'il.

A'ftertossinc. ». f. [from after and
tofs.'\ The motion of the fea after a
liorm.

Confusions and tumults are only the impotent
remains of an unnatural icbellion, and are no more
than the aftirio^iiigt of a tea when the ftorm is
. laid. AdJijoift Frtchildu!.

A'fterward. adv. [from after aifd
p<3pb. Sax.] In fucceeding time : fome-
times wriiten eftertuards, but lefs pro-
perly.

Ufcs not thought upon before, may afterivard
fpring up, and be leafcnab.'e caufes of retaining
that, which former confi^ierations did formerly
procure to be inllitutrd. H'^ohr.

An aniious diftruft of the divine goodn^fs,
makes a man more anti more unworthy of it j and
miTerable beforehand, for fear of being fo afur-
noard. ' L^EJirange,

A'fterwit. n.f. [from after and tvit.']
The c iiitrivance of expedients after the
occafion of ufing them is part. Sec
Afterthought.

There i> r^i recalling what's gone and pa!t ; fo

that i-.fttrviit comes too late, when the mifrHcf is

done. L'tjtrMi,!.

A'K-f er-wrath. H.f. [from after and

A G A

. 'vurath.'] Anger when the provocation
feems paft.

I hear him mock
The luck of Caefar, which the gods give men
T' excufc their after-ivrath.

Shaktfp. Anttmj and Clecfatra.

jfGJ. n.f. The title of a Turkilh mili-
tary officer.
Aga'in. adv. [agen. Sax.]

1. A iecond time ; once more ; marking
the repetition of the fame thing.

Tlii poor remnant of human feed, which re-
mained in their mountains, peopled their country
again ilowly, by little and little.

Baccn's New yf/nlantis.

Should Nature's felf invade the world again.
And o'er the centre fpread the liquid main,
Thy pow'r were fafe. ffalUr.

Go now, deluded man, and feek again
New toils, new dangers, on the duffy plain.

Dryd. j^tield.

Some are already retired into foreign countries ;
and the reft,, who polTefs lands, are determined
never to hazard them ag^in, for the fake o( eftab-
liiVmg their fuperilition. Sivift.

2. On the other hand ; marking fome op-
pofition or contrariety.

il'^ wit increafed upon the occafion; and fo
much the more, if the occafion were fharpaned
with danger, jigain. whether it were the fhoitnefs
of his forefi^ht, or the ftrength of his will, certain
it is, thit the peipetual Lruble of his fortunes
could not have been without defeds in his nature.

Bacon.

Thofe things that we know not what to do
withal, if we had tliiim, -nd thofe things, again,
which another cannot part with, but to his own
lol's and (hame. L'EJirangc's Fables.

3. On another part ; marking a tranfition
to fome new confideration.

Behold yon mountain's hoarv height.
Made higher with new mounts 'f fnow ;

j^gain, behold the winter's weight
Opprcfs the lab'ring woods below. Dryden.

4. In return, noting re-aftion, or recipro-
cal a£Uon ; as. His fortune worked up-
on his nature, and his nature again upon
his fortune.

5. Back ; in reditu tion.

When your head did but ake,
I knit my handkerchief about your bro.vs ;
The belt 1 had, a princefs wrought it me.
And I did never alk it yon again.

Sbakfjp. Kiig yobn.

6. la return for any thing ; in recom-
pence.

That he hath given will he pay again,

Prov. xir. 47.

7. In order of rank or' fucceJlion ; mark-
ing diftribution.

Queftion was afkeJ of Demofthene-, Whit v.as
the ciiief part of an grator ? He anfwercd, Adtion.
What next? Aftion. What next a^ain ? Aflion.

Bacmi Fffiy:.

The caufe of the holding green, is the clofe .uid
compaS fubftance of their leaves, and the pedicles
of them : and the cauie of that again is either
the cough and vifcous juice of the plant, '.r the
ftrength and h«ac thereof. Bacon' i Natural Hifl.

8. Befides ; in any other time or place.

Tlicy have the Walloor.s, who are tall foldicrs ,
yet tb.Tt is but a, fpot of ground. But, on the
other fide, there is not in the world again fuch a
fpring and feminaiy of brave military peopl, as
in England, Scotland, and Itelajid. BacoH,

9. Twice as much ; marking the fame
quantity once repeated.

There are whom heav'n has bleft with ftore of
wit.
Yet want as much again to manage it ;

A G A

For wit and judgment ever are at rtrife,
Tho" meant each other's aid, like man and wife.

I (hould not be forry to fee a chorus on a theaue,
more than as large and as deep again as ours, built
and adorned at a king's charges.

Dryden' i Dufrefnoy,

10. Again and again ; with frequent repci-
tition ; often.

This is not to be obtained by one or two hafty
readings: it mud be repeated again and again,
with a dofe attention to the tenour of the dif-
courfe. Locke..

11. Pn oppofition j by way of refiftance.

Who art thou that anfwerelt .^ J'" ?

Rom, ix. lo.

\z. Back; as, returning from fome mef-
fagCi

Bring us word again wh'rch way we fiiall go.

Deut. i. 72.

Aca'iust. prep, [aenjeon, onjconb. Sax.]

1. In oppofition to any perfon.

And he will be a wild man , his hand will be
againjl every man, anii. every man's hand againjl
him. Cfa. xvi. lit.

2. Contrary ; oppofite, in general.

That authority of men fhould prevail with men'
either againji or above reafon, is no part of our be-
lief. Hooker,

He is melancholy without caufe, and merry
againji the hair. Sbaieffeare'i Troilus and Crejidi,

We might work any effeft without and againji
matter; and this not holpen by the co-operation
of angels or fpirits, but only by the unity and har '
mony of nature. Bacon's Namral Hijicry.

The preventing goodnefs of God docs even wreft
him from himfelf, and fave him, as it were^
againji his will. Soutb,

The god, uneafy till he (Icpt again,
Refolv'd, at once, to rid himfelf of pain;.
And, tho' againji his cuftom, call'd aloud. Dryden,.

Men often fay a thing is againji their confcience,
when really it is not. S-wift'i Mijcellanies.

3. In contradiftion to any opinion.

After all that can be laid agai:Ji a thing, this.
v\-ill ftill he true, that many things polfibly are,,
which we know not of; and tliat many more thinge
may be than are : and if fo, after all our argu-
ments againji a thing, it will be uncertain whether
it be or not. Tillotjvn,

The church-clergy have written the beft collcc-
f'on of trails againji popery that ever appeared in
England. isiuift.

4. With contrary motion or tendency :
ufed of material adlion.

Boils and plagues
Plainer you o'er, that one infcft another
Agalfj} the wind a mile. Sbakcjfeare's Coriclaiiui,
The kite being a bird of prey, and therefore
hot, delighteth in th» frerti air ; and many times
fficth agaixji the wind, as trouts and f.ilmuns fwim
againji the itream. Bacoo..

J. Contrary to rule or law.

If aught agairji myli.'i;
Thy country fought of titee, rt fought unjuftly,
jiiiirfi the lavr of nature, law of nations. Miltoiu.

jlgiUnji the public fauftions of tlie peace,
ylgawji all on.tns of their ill fuccrft ;
With fat».' .jverfe, the rout in arms refort,.
To force t'- eh monarch, and ial'uh the court.

Dryden,

6. Oppofitt: to, in place.

Againjl the Tiber's mouth, but faraway.

Brjitn,

7. To the hurt of another. See fenfe 5.

And, wh.-i thou think'!! of her eternity.
Think not that death againji her nature is j

Thisk it a birth : and when thou go'H to diej.
Sing like a fwan, as if tliou went'fl'to blifs.

.Sir y. Daviif
3. In provifiorj for ; in expeftation o£

This mode of fpeaking probab'y )ted-
its original from the idea of. making"

provifiont

A G A

•provifion againft, or in oppofuion »o, a
time of misfortune, but by degrees ac-
quired a neutral fenfe. ft fometimes
hus the cife elliptically fuppreffed, as,i
again/} he cpmes, that is, aga'uift the
Aimt when he comes.

Thentc (he them biocght into a ft«t«l) ball,
Wheiein wire many tables fair d'fprcd.
And iraiiy J'lght with drapets feftival,
jigaUfi thcviaiidi JhouU be miniftred.

Kiiry S>^ftn.

Tlie I'lw charge "was given them igaii-jl the

time ili«y flituid cor.ie to fettle, tjsemlch is iYi the

■land proiTiifcd unto their fatliers. Hc.kn-i

S >nic lay, t'.fTt e«r 'gaiiyi that fcafon comci,
"Wherein bur Saviour's birth is cclcbialcJ,
The bird nf dawning fingeth all night ieng :'
^nd then they fay no ffirit walks abroad ;
The nights are wholcfomc, then no.pJanets ftrifcc,
.No fairy tales, ni' witch hath power to charm j
Su ballow'd and fo gracious U the tirr.e.

Sh^kifp. H.-wlet.

To that psrpofe, he made hade to B.ilVol, that

!all things might be ready agah-J! the prince CJnic

-thither. , X-lamilnn.

■Agahft the promis'd time provides with care,
.And hadcns in the woot' the robes he waj to wean

J)rjdcr.

AU which 1 grant to be reafonablj and trul>

./aid, and only dcfire they may be remcnibe ert

agairjl another day. in/.'m^iir.

A'oALAXY. »./. [from a and yu>M, Gr.]

Want of milk. Dia.

'Ach'rE.ad'j. [from aand_^<j/Sf.] Staring

with eagernefs ; as, a bird gapes for

meat.

In himfolf was all.hU ftatc;
■More folenin than the tedious pomp that waits
On princes, when their rich retinue long
Of hurfes led, and grooms befmear'd with gold,
•Uaztlcs the crowd, and fets them iW.agejie.

Paradife L'fi.
Uarfk the cron-d, ani fet them all aga',t,

Pbtlips.
The whole crowd ftood agafi, and ready to take
the doftor at his word. S/'taMor, N" 572.

A'CARICK. »./ [agaricum, Lit.] A drug
of ufe in phyfic, and the dying trade.
It is divided into male and female ;
the male is ufed only in dying, the fe-
male in medicine : the male grows on
oaks, the female on larches.

'I here are two excrefccmes which grow upon
tree.', both of them in the nature of mu/hrooms ;
the one the Romans call toiitus, which gr ,weth
upon the rootb of oaks, and was one of the daintier
i»f their table ; the other is medicinal, that is call-
ed agarkk, which growcth upon the tops of oaks;
though it be affirmed by fome, that it groweth
alfo at the roots. _ Baan.

At; a'st. adj. [This word, which is ufual-
ly, by later .luthors, written aghajl, is,
not improbably, the true word derived
from aga%e, which has been written
aghtijl, from a miftaken etymology.
See AfiHAST.] Struck with tcrrour ;
amazed ; frighted to alloniftiment. .
Thus roving on
. Jn confns'd march forli.m, th" adiont'rous bands,
' Wth (hudd'ring horrour pale, and eyes egaft,
View'd iirft their lamentable lot, and found
No reft. MUiOKi Parod'tfi h-ifi-

A'cATE. n.f. \agau, Fr. «cA«w, Lat.] A
precious itone of the loweft clafs, often
clouded with beautiful variegations.

In (liape no bigger than an aiate Itone,
On die forefinger of an alJemian.

.... Stakiff. R'nit'j and yuli:t.

^itlii ape only varieties of the tlint kind ; they

' lave a :_;reyi <borny ground, clouded, lineated, o,

9

,A. G .E

fpottcJ w'.tli different colours, chiefly dalvy. Mack,
brown, red, and fometimes blue. fVatdmai'd

A'cATY. aJJ. [from agate.] Partaking o)
tha nature of agate.

An a^cfy flint- was above tw3 inches in diame-
ter i the whole coveied over with a friable creta-
ceous cfuft. H^!xdward-

To Aoa'ze. I'.^a. [from «and gaze, to fet
a gaxitig ; as, amaze, amuje, and others.]
To ftrikc with amazerhent ; to ftupify
with fiidden terrour. Tlte verb is now
out of ufe.

So as they travell'd, fo they 'gan efpy
An armed knight toward them ga'.lop taft,
T!\it fcemcd from foinc feared foe to fly,
Or.other grifly thing ih-U him agaji. Fairj ^atn.
Aa'A'zED.farticifial adj. [from agaze ;
which fee] Struck with amazement ;
«*terrified to ftjpiJity.

Ilundrtus he lent to hell, and none durft ftand
hinvi
Here, there, and every where, enrag'd he flew :
The French exclaim'd, " Thcdevi! was in arms!"
All the whole army flood egaxtd on him.

SkahJp.HettryVl.

AGE. »./. \_age, Fr. anciently cage, or
aag.' ; it is deduced by Msnage from
txiaiium, of 'atas ; by ''Junius, from aa,
which, in the Teutonic dialeils, figni-
fied long duration.] ';

1. Any period of time attributed to fome-
thing as the whole, or part, of its du-
ration : in this fenfc, we fay, the age of
man, the feveral ages of the world, the
golden or iron age.

One man in iiis time plays many parts,
His life being fcvcn ag(i. Shalrjftare.

And Jacob lived in the land of Egypt fcienteen
years ; fo tlie whole age of Jacob was an hundred
forty and feven years. Cenefis, xlvii. 28.

2. A fucccffion or generation of men.

Hence, laftiy, fprings care of poftcrities,
For things their kind wnild eve. lading make.

Hence -sit, that old men do plant young trees.
The fruit whereof another agi flial! take.

Sir y. David.
Nrxt to the Son,
Diftin'd Rcftorcr of mankind, by whom
New heav'n, and earth, (hail to the ag'rs rife.
Or down from heav'n deiccnd.

Mi/titi's Pnradi/s Lijl.
No declining ege
E'er fe'lt the raptures of poetic ra ,e. Rcfccmmon.

3. The time in which any particular man,
or race of men, lived, or ihall live j as,
the age of heroes.

No longer now the golden agf appears,
When patriarch wits furtivd a thoufan* years.

. . • . Pofe,

'4. The fnace of a hundred years ; a fecu-
lar period ; a century.

5 . The latter part of life ; old -age ; old-

nefs.

You fee how full of cb.in,;e his itgr is! the ob-
fervation we have m.idc of it hath not been little ;
he always loved our lillcf moft, nnd with what poor
judgment he hath now call her off!

Sl\iiefirare's King L'ur.

Boys muft nrit hiive th' ambitious care of men,
Nor men the weak anx»ftk**s of ^^i BUcommc:,

And on this forehead, where your vcrfe has faid
The loves delighted, and the i,raccs play'd j
Infulting <!;i;e will ttace his ciuel wjy,
And lca»c lad marks of hi» deilruftive fwajr.

Prinr.

6. Maturity ; ripencfs ; years of difcre-
tion ; full llrength of life.

A folemn admilfioii of profeiytes, a'.l th.it cither,
being of age, dcfire that admiliitfn for themfilves.

AGE

or that, in infancy, are b; others ptefcnted to that
charity of the church. VamniMj,

We thought our fires, not with their own content.
Had, eie we Came to age, our portion Ijient.

DiytUn.
, In law.

la a man, the age of fourteen years is the tige
of difcrcti.-.n ; and twenty -one y.ars is rhe full .in:
In a woman, at feven years of agi, the lord her
father may diftr.iin his ten mts for aid to marry herj
at the age of nine years, flic is dowabie ; at twelve
years, (he is able finally to ratify and confirm her
former confent given to raaa-imony ; at fourteen,
(he is enabled to receive her land into her own
hands, and (hall be out of ward at the death of her
anceftor : at fixteen, (he ihall be out of ward,
though, at the death of her anceftor, flie was within
the age of fourteen years; a; twenty-one, file is
able to allei-.ate her lands and tenements. At the
age oi fjuneen, a ftripling.is enabled to choofe hit
iwn guarJian ; at the age of fourteen, a man may
confent to marriage. Couctl,

A'cED. adj. [from age. It makes two fyl-"
•lablcs in poetry.]

1 . Old ; flricken in years ; applied gene-
rally to animate beings.

if the com^iar'fon do ftand be^vccn man and
man, the aged, for the moll part, are bcft experi-
enced, leaft fubie£l to raJh and unadvifed palTion*.

i/joArr.

Novelty is only in rcqueft i and it is as danger.'in
to be aged in any kind of courfc, as it is virtuou*
to be conftant in any undertaking.'

Sbakeff). Meafurefar Meajitre.

Kindnefs itfclf too weak a charm will prove.
To raifc the feeble fires of dj^ei love. Pn.r,

2. Old; applied to inanimate things. This
ufe is rare, and commonly with fome
tendency to the profcpopceia.

The people did not more worihip the Images of
gold and ivory, than they did the groves j and tlio
lame Quintilian faith of the aged oaks.

SuUingf.etCi Defcme of D'ifc. «i Rem. IdtU
A'cEDLY. adv. [from, aged.] After the

manner of an aged perfon.
Age'n. adv. [ajen, Sa.ic.] Again; in
return. See Again.

This word is now only written in this
manner, though it be in reaiity the true
orthography, for the fake of rhime.

Thus Ve.ius : Thus her fon reply'd agin;
None of your fifters have we heard or Icen.

DryJen.

A'cENCY. n.f. [from agent.]

1. The quality of afting ; the ftate of be-
ing in adlion ; aftion.

A few .advances there are in the following papers,
tending to alTert the fuperintendence and agency of
Providence in the natural world.

H-'oc'divaid s Pief. to Nat. HiJIoty.

2. The office of an .igent or faftor for an-
other; bufinefs performed by an agent.

Some of the purchjfers themfclves may bi; con-
ten: to live cheap in a worfe country, rather than
br at the charge of exchange and agennes. Sw'ij't,

A'GENT. adj. [agens, l.at.] That which
afts ; oppoled to />a/ient, or that which
is afied upon.

This fuccef-, is oft truly afcribcd unto the f.^rce
of imagination upon the body agent ; and ilicn, by
a !ccond.iiy means, it may upon a diierle body 5
as, for exav.ple, if a man cany a ring, or fome_
part of a bcaft, S-i'cvlng Jliongly that it will help
him to obtain his lo\r, it may make him more
indulWous, and a;ain more confident and p.-rti >inj
than clliciwiCe.hc would be. Baccn! N.U. Hiji.

A'gent. n.f.

1 . An aftor ; he that afts ; he tiiat polTcfrcs
the ficulty of ailion.

Wh.ere

\

A G G

Where there is no doubt, d''libe.at*on is not e:c-
cluded as -mpertincrt unto the thing, but as necd-
fcfs in reg ird of the egcr.tf winch .iccth airc?.dy
what to refolve upon.' ■ / ' . Haofa-.

To wliom nor a^f»i:, fi-om the inftrumcnt,
Nor pow'r of working, from the work is known.

Hca%''n made us egenu fr*l to good or ill.
And forc'd it not, tho' he forefaw the wiil.
Freedom was firtl Leftow'd on human race,
And prefcicncc onU held the I'econd place,

Dry<!tn.

A miracle is a work exceeding the power of any
create:! fftrcrty confetjccntly being an effect of the
divine cmni^^-rcnc^, Scathes oA-iro.vr.

2. A lubllinite ; a deputy; a faftor; a
perfon employed to tranfaft the bufinefs
of another.

— Ail hearts in love, ufe your own tODg'JCS ;
let ever)' CTc nejotiate for itfcif.
And cruft no agtirt, Sbakf^art,

The) had n^t tlic wit to find to them, in a'ly
orderly fauiit^n, egsnti or clicfea mtji, to" tcrnpt
them, and to treat with them, fiaon'j //.rry VII.

Remember, Sir, your fury of a wife,
• Who nut content to be reveng'd on yoa, •
The agents of your palfion will purfne.'

Vytuti't Auretig,

3. That which has the power of operating,
or producing efteils upon another thin^.

The) prcduc.d wcnderfui effecis, by the propr
application ofagtnls to patients. "tcm/ile.

AcGEtA-'TioN. n./. [Lat.f£/«.] Concre-
tion of ice.

It Is round in hail, and figured in its guttuious ;
deicenMroin the air, growing greater or lefler ac- '
carding to the accretion or plu > i jus aggtUtkt ab3ut '
the fundamental atoms thereof. ;

Brtiun s yulTor Erriart.

AccENER.'i'TiON. n. /. [from «</ and ^*-
reratio, Lat.] The ftate of growing or
uniting to another body.

To make a perfect nutiition, there is. reotiiiifd a

tranfmutation of nutriment } now- where this-con.

vcTfir'U,ortf|*^ewrtfri£if is made, there isalfo requited,

in <he aliment, a fimilatil^ of matter. |

^rMcn't fafgdr Erriurs

To A'ccER.\TE. t/. a. [from a^gef, Lat.]^
To heap up. Dia.

Agcero'se. adj. [from agger, Lat.] FuUj
of heaps,' ' .' DUl.

To AGGLO'MERATE.' ^. «. [cg^hiairo,

■ Lat.], ' ■

1. To gather up in a ball, af thread.

2. To gather together.

To Ag G L o'm e r a t e . 1-. n.

Bcfide$, the hard agglcmeral'mg fait:,
The fpoil of ages, would impcfvious choke ■ '
Their frcret channels. 7i.?-!''fn'j Aulumr.

Acclu'ti N ANTS. 71./. [from a^t;ft'finaU.]'
Thofe medicines or appIicitici'S wh'ich
have the power of uniting parts together.

To AGGLUTINATE. t..». [from ad'and
gli'ien, glue, Lat.] To unite one part to
anotrier; to join together, foas not to fall
afunder. Jt is a word almoll appropri-

...-rl

rtnc.

•t.riomejiough '

A GG

Tlie occafion of it^not healinj hy ff,7-|r/r, -.■...;';•.<,,
as the other did, was from the alteration the ichoi
had begun to make in the bottom of the wnind.

Ac G\.v'ri'K^liy%'.iUiJ.\Jtomag^l:itii7ate.'\
That which Ips the power of procuring
agglutination.

Rowl up the member with the eggluthat'i'j-
rowler. JViunan.

To AGGRANDI'ZR. -v. a. [aggraniiijer,
Fr. ] To make great ; to enlarge ; to
exalt ; to improve in power, honour, or
rank. It is applied to perfons gene-
rally, fometimes to thiiig.s.

It the king Ihould ufe it no better than the pope
did, only to nggrandi-ci: covetous churchmen, it
cannot be called a jewel in his crown.

Ayl.fe's PartrgDn.
_ Thefc fumilh us with glorious f'prings and me-
diums, to raife and aggrantiixe our conceptions, to
warm our fouls, to awaken the better paflions, and
to elevate thcra even to a divine pitch, and that for
dcvjtional purpolcs. fl-'jt.'s^s Imf-r. cf:UATlneS.
A'CGRANDIZEMENT. n. /. \aggrandijpi.

ment, Yr."] The ftate of being aggran-
dized ; the aft of aggrandizing.

A'c o R A N D I z E R . 11. J. [from aggrandize. ]
The perfon that aggrandii;es or makes
great another.

ToAgcra'te. 'V. a. \aggYatare, Ital.]
To pleafe ; to treat with civilities : a
word not now in ufe. ^

And in the midft thereof, upon the fldor,
A lovely bvy of fair ladies fatej

'■> ; Conned'of many a jolly' parampur ;
The which them did in model! wife amate,
A.^d cac'h one fought his lady to aggraie.

Fairy ^veen.

TVA'GGRAVATE. V. a.laggra'uo, iTat.]
r. To make heavy, flfed only in a nfieta-

phorical feai'e ; as, to c^^irrtt/^ an ac-

cufation, or a puniQiraent.

A grove hard by, fprung.ij> with this «heir change,
■ .His wiil who reigns ab^ve! to aggritvaie
Their penaace, Udcn with fruit, like that
Wli'ich grew in Paradife, the b.iit of Eve
UsM by the tempter. " muH'] P^radift Lcjl.

Ambitious Turmis in the prtfs appears, '
AaittggrfvifUKg cjimcs aogmeats th-.tr fears. , .

Dryd. j^^ci.l.
2. Fo make any thing worfe, by the ad-
dition of forae particular ciiCuinHance,
not eflential. '

This offence, iii ItfeH" B> '•: ,:.

him «^r*waW by'.thc rastiv* thereof, which was
not malice or diftontunt, but in afjiiring mind tc-
the papacy. "" ' ""

Acf.R AV/i'

I. The'aa oi
heavy., .

Z. Th. :r;7^'

A I

and h.
it in:

3. The
dents, which.

criinc. r,r rh#*

Bjccni Henry Vll.
'" \Jr()vn aggrai.ale.']
ii^graviating, ^^" or ! making

' ^ ' '• imity. ,^

..t'J.Uie f^ce,

•-' n ,..■: r-.iTures ch^nge^l
'", : . It'. ■■- Ai^^iiltt.

...cnmflances or afci-

increafe tai

: guilt of a

■'"mity..- ■
iiatii the Vtt.

t'lnated to the foundatic

AOCLUTINA T

O.v. n.J.

coKcfioi.

he (Lite l.

ftsi r.'

lOi

i

4*11.11 cunltficnre, a^air;:.

-';■' -.oif it'br^ifgh'd .: I

'h a^rritu/.auj not furcharg'd,
'^ allowance cnumerpois'd, •■ '

r.'y I .ird'>n fii.d '

.1 , 111 'If hi'iij lef-.. M'lhm.
i.at.;[ Fra-1'

r:rtJCj;.-ir

A G G

The foljd reafon of one man with unprejudicate'*
apprehenlions, begets as firm a belief?, rh^ aulho-
lity or uggrfgute leltiniuuy of many hundred.!.

Bnwv's !':llgtir Errcu)!,

They had, for a long time together, producci
mahy other inept combirations, or ti^rre^.j.'c forms
of particular thi.ng^, and nonftnllcalfyftems of fhe
"■!iole. ■ Ry t,n the Cnaur.n.

A'cGREGATE. n. f. [from the verb.] The
complex, or colleftive rcfult of the con-
junflion or acervation of many parti-
culars.

The reafon of the far greateft part of mankind,
is but ^Mi'aggngetc of miltalieii phanrafms, and,
in things not feniible, a conftant deiuiion.

GlanvUlt's Reef,/:! Siifnt'ifia, ■

A great number of living and thinking particles ^
could not poiiibly, by their mutual contact, and
pic/hng, and Rriking, compofe one greater indi-
vidual animal, with one mind and uiiJerftnndin?,
and a vital confenfion of the whole b .dy ;, aiiy
more than a fwarm of bees, or a crowd of men and
women, can be conceived to make up one paiticular
livihg creature, compoundftd and conltituted of the
aggrrgiiic of them all. B.-ni/rv. ■

To A'GGREGATE. nj. a. [aggrego, La*t']
To colleft together ; to accumulate; to
heap many particulars into one mafs.

The aggregated foil
Death, with his mace petrifick, cold, and dry.
As with a trident, fmote. Miltcns Parad. Ltft,.
Aggrega'tio-n. n.f. [from aggrtgate.^

1. Colleiaion,., or ftate of being collcfted.
Their individual Imperfeflions being great, th.-y

ire moreover enlarged by their nggregatwn ; and
being erroneous in their tingle numbers, once hud-
: died together, they will be errour itfelf.
. . : ' ■ > Brt/iuti^i Vitlgijr ErrourSt

2. The colleftion, or aft of collefting many
particulars into one whole.

The water refident ii\^i abyfs is» in all parts ■
of u, doted with .a coufiderable quantity of hc.it,
aad more efpei^i.illy in thofc where thcfe extrao;di-
riary a^gr,giiiicni of this fire happen.

IV^odtvard* s Natural Hiftorym

3. The whole compofed by the coacerva-
tion of many particulars ; an aggregate.

Tt> A'GGRE'SS. <v. n. [aggredior, aggref-
fi.i:, Lat.] To commit the firll ad of.
violence ; . to begin the quarrel.

. Tho glorious pair .ndvance.
With mlot^cd anger, and collei51ed might,

To turn the w,ir, and t^ "g^ejing franc?, .
How Bfitajn's fons and Britam's friends can fijfit..
,,'-''■ ■ l-'rior.

Accre ssion. n-./.[aggye^o,l.3-i-'\ Thft
firfl aft of injury ; commencement of
a quarrel by fome aftof i.iiquity.

Tiicrc is nordiliinqof a c 'mmo:! enemy, *itb3ut

an union for 4 mjutual dtfiBCc; and, th?re inay

' be iilfo, 01^ tlic6therhanJ,'afonfj.ir'acy(ifcomi» n

:fn!nhy^nii.,iggr(ff;,n. \ I'S/ln-rgt.

AcGRE.ssOR. a./, [fronj aggr,/s.] The

perfon. tliat firlt commencvjs hotlility ;

the aflafllter-or invader, oppofcd to the-

difcifdanf. " ' '

- 1 I'^y'ifl. nature's face.'

Pit Iinw, ..' n^M.i-. Hv It',' ,'-„ (■,.- . r,..'i >

..T .okto'f. ■

'"' . ' Dryd.n..

; • .. JtiJ^ >iC;Jl.uiJu<iiiy ciiCjjTji/Jai^ei to be oWigcd

to retali.ite the ir.ji,r.c.i of fuch .lutliois, v-holi

works ,, :ir;that we arc in danger

' ^'"^y ■ ',i i!ggr'cij!,r!.

Pspe and Sio'tft.

Ao c R j't VAN CE.«./ [Sec Grievance.]'
Injury; hardfliip inflifted ; wrong en--
dured.

Tr, Ar

i

^'■vt,. ti^a^ [^rom ^j-fl-wV, Ji»t.-
I. To

A G I

«. To give forrow ; to caufe grief; to rex.
It is not improbable, that to grie've was
originally neuter, and aggrieve the ac-
tive.

But w.hile therein I took my chief delight,
' 1 (aw, jIu \ the gaping earth devour

The fprinc, the plice, and all clean out of fight :
■Whitli }-•! iggr'uvci my heat even to this ho'ir.

3. To impofe fomc hardftiips upon ; to
harafs ; to htirt in one's right. This
is a kind of juridical fenfe ; and when-
ever it is ufed now, it feetns to bear
fome allufion to formsof law.

Sewall, archbiibop ol York, much aggr\r-.rH
with foin: prjfiicei of ihc pope's collectors, cock
ail patiently. Camkv.

The landed man finds himfelf ii^jr;?T/««/ by the
ifalling of ^is rents, and the {(reightcning of his
ifo/tune; whilrt the m^uied man Ictept up his gain,
»nd the meichant thiivcs and grows rich by trade.

Lockt.
Of injw'd fame, and mighty wrongs teceiv'd,
Cbloc complains, and wond'rcuAy 'i a^ricu'd-

* ■ GrajwilU*

fo Agcrotj'p. v. a. \^aggri)pare,\t3.\.'\ To
bring together into one figure ; to crowd
together: a teria of painting.

Bodies of divers naluics, wliivh are {jggr:upftl
(or combined) together, are agreeable and pleaUnt
to the fight. _ Drydcn.

Acha'st. adj. [cither the participle of
agaze (fee Agaze), and then to be
written agaxed, or ago/}, or from a and
.j^aj-r, a ghoft, which the prefent ortho-
graphy favours ; perhaps they were ori-
ginally different words.] Struck with
horrour, as at the fight of a fpedtre ;
ftupified with t^rrour. It is generally
applied to the ^iernal appearance.

She fighing fore, as if iier heart in twaine
Had riven been, and all her heart-ftrings braft.
With d reary drooping eyne l»ok'd up like o«e agbjjl.

Sfuijir,
The aged eartTi a^baft.
With terxour of that bla/l.
Shall from thefurface to the centre (hake. Mdtun.

jtgbafi he wak'd, and, ftirting from his ted,
•Cold fweat in clammy drops his limbs o'erfprcad.
Drydin'i Mr.cid.
1 laugh to think how your unrtiaken Caco
Will lo<Sk aghafi, while unforefecn deftruftion
Pours in upon him thus from every fide.

j^difoti^s Cat^.
A'GILE. adj. [agile, Fr. agilis, Lat.]
Nimble ; ready ; having the quality of
being fpeedily put in motion ; active.

With that he gave his able horfe the head.
And bending forward ({ruck his agili heels
Againftthe panting fides of his poor jade,
Vp to the rowel-head. Sbakrfp. }!inry IV.

The immediate and agik fubfervience of tlje
^irits to the empite of the mind or foul.

Hale' I Origin of Matihind.
To guide its anions with in/brming care.
In peace to judge, to conquer in the war.
Render it ogilt, witty, valiant, fage.
As (its the various courfe of human age. Trhr.

A'oiLBNEss. n.J. [fromoj-/7«.] The qua-
lity of being agile ; nimblenefs ; rea-
dinefs for motion ; quicknefs ; adivity ;
agility.

Aci'i-tTY. »./. [agilitas, Lat. fiomagilis,
agile.] Nimblenefs ; readinefs to move ;
quicknefs ; aftivity.

A limb ovcr-llrained by lifting a weight al>ove
Its pawer, may never recover its former agility and
vigour. TT'aiti.

AGl'LLOCHUM. n.f. Aloes-wood. A
tree in tiie Eaft-Indies, brought to us in

A G I

fmall bits, of a very fragront fcent. It
is liot, drying, and accounted -a llrength-
enerof the nerves in general. The beft
is of a blackifh purple colour, and fo
light as to fwim upon water. Sluincy.
jfGJO. n.f. [An Italian word, fignifying
cafe or conveniency.] A mercantile
term, nfcd chiefly in Holland and Ve-
nice, for the ditFerence between the value
of bank notes, and the current money.

Chambers.
To AGI'ST, V. a. [from gijie, Fr. a bed
or refting-place, or from gifter, i. e.
ftabulia-i.'] To take in and feed the
cittle of Ih-angers in the king's foreft,
and to gather the money. The officers
that do this, are called cgiftors, in Eng-
lifli, gueft or gift-takers. Their funftion
is terflied agiftment ; as, agiftment upon
the fea-banks. This word agiji is alfo
ufed, for the taking in of other men's
cattle into any man's ground, at a cer-
tain raxe per week.] Blount.
Aoi'sTMENT. n.f. [See Agist.] It is
taken by the canon lawyers in aiuither
fenfe than is mentioned under agift.
They feem to intend by it, a modus or
conipofition, or mean rate, at which
fome right or due may be reckoned : per-
haps it is corrupted from addoucijfement ,
or adjuftment.
Aci'sToa. n.f. [ffom /Jfj/?.] An officer of

the king's forefl. See Agist.
A'g 1 T A B L E . adj. [from agitate ; agitahilis,
Lat.] That which May be agitated, or
put in motion ; perhaps that which may
be difputed. See Agitate, and Agi-
tation. . . . ,
To A'GITATE. v. «. [agio, Lat.]

1 . To put in motion ; to (hake ; to move
nimbly ; as, the furface of the waters
is agitated by the wind ; the veffel was
broken by agitating the Uquor.

2. To be the caufe of motipn ; to aftuate ;
to move.

Where dwells this (bv'reljn arbitrary foul,
Which does the human animal concroul,
Inform each part, and agitata the wliole? Blacknore.

J. To affed with perturbation ; as, the
mind of man is agitated by various
paflions.

4. To ftir ; to bandy from one to another ;
to difcufs ; to controvert ; ^s, to agitate
a quelHon^

Though this controverfy be revivedi an4 hotly

agitated among the moderns ; yet I doubt whether

it be not, in a great part, a nominal difpute. '

Boyie on Colours.-

5. To contrive; to revolve; to form by
laborious thought.

Farmalitics of extraordinary ecal and piefy arc
never more (ludied and elaborate, than when poli-{
ticians nioH agitate defperate defjgns. K'nig Charles.

Agita'tion. »./. [homagitate; agitatio,
Lat.] ; '

1. The aftofmovingor fhaking anything.

Putrefadtion alkoth rcll ; for the lubtle motion
which putrefaction requireth, is difturbed by any
agitation. Boicr,.

2. The ftate of being moved or agitated ;
as, the waters, after a ftorm, are fome
time in a violent agitation.

3. Difcu&on ; controverfial examinatisn.

AGO

A It'md of a fchool qutllion is Sarted !n this fable,
upon reafon and inliinO ; this deliberative pro.
ceeding of the crow, was rather a logical agiia:iaii
of the matter. i: tfiran^e' s fahUi,

If. Violent motion of the mind ; pertur-
bation ; difturbance of the thoughts.

A great perturbation in nature '. to receive at
once the bene(it of fleep, and do the eRetts of
watching. In this (lumbry agitation, belides her
walking, and other aflaal performances, what
have you heard her fay ? Shakejftart'i Macbeth.

His mother could no longer bear the agitatioru
of (0 many palTions as tlirongcd u"on her.

■ Taller, N" 55.

5. Deliberation; contrivance; the ftate
of being confulted upon.

■The projeil now in agilaian for repealing of
the teft aft, and yet leaving the narae'of an ellad-
lifhment to the prefent national church, is incon-
fiftcnt. Sivifi'i Mi'celhnie!.

Agita'tor. n.f. [from agitate.] He that
agitates any thing ; he who manages
affairs : in which fenfe feems to be ufed
the agitators of the army.

A'rtLET. n.f. [Some derive it from afyXi!,
fplendour ; but it is apparently to be
deduced from aigulette, Fr. a tag to a
point, and that from aigu, fharp.]

1 . A tag of a point curved into fome re-
prefentation of an animal, generally of
a man.

He thereupon gave for the garter a chain wortti
2col. and his gown addre(red with aglets, efteemed
worth 15!. Hayward.

Why,. give him gold enough, and marry him
to a puppet, or an aglet baby, or an old trut, and
ne'er a tootli in her head.

Sbakejfeare" s T.inir.g of the Sbrrio.

2. The pendants at the ends of the chieves
of flowers, as in tulips.

A'cMiNAL. adj. [from a^/»^«, Lat.] Be-
longing to a troop. D:S.

A'g NAIL. adj. [from anje, grieved, and
najle, a nail.] A difeafe of the nails ;
a whitlow ; an inflammation round the
nails.

Agna'tion. n.f. [from agnatus, Lat.]
Defcent from the feme father, in a di-
reft male line, diftinfl from cogaation,
or confanguinity, which includes defcea-
dants from females.

Agni'tion. n.f. [from aguitie, XaI.^
Acknowledgment.

To Agni'ze. ■v. a. [from agtofco, Lat.]
To acknowledge ; to own ; to avow.
This word is now obfolete.

1 do agniau
A natural and prompt alacrity
I find in hardnefs. Shalrffeari's OiiilU.

Agnomina'tio.v. n.f. [agnominatio, Lat.]
Allufion of one word to another, by rc-
femblance of found.

The Bririlh continueth yet in Wales, and fome
villages of Cornwall, intermingled with provincial
Latin, being very lignificative, copiois, and plea-
(^ntly running upon agnotr.intnons, although hardi
in al'pirations. Catnden.

AGKVS CASTUS. n.f [Lat.] The name
of the tree commonly called the Chafe
Tree, from an imaginary virtue of pre-
ferving chaftity.

Of laurel fjme, of woodbine many more.
And wreathes of agnut cajius others bore. Dryd,

Ago', adv. [ajan. Sax. pall or gone ;
whence writers formerly ufed, and in
fome provinces the people ftill ufe, agone
for ago.] Pall ; as, long ago ; that is,

long

AGO

Jong time has pad fince. Reckoning
time towards the prefent, we \ik fence ;
as, it is a ye3.x fence it happened : reck-
oning from the prefent, we ufe ago ; as,
it happened a year ago. I'his is not,
perhaps, always obferved.

The great fupp?y
Are wreck'd three nights ami on Gadwin finds.

Stahf^ eare.
This both by othfn and myfelf I know.
For I have fcrv'd their rovercign long tigo ;
Oft have been caught within the winding train.
Dryd,rCi Fabics,
I (hill fct down an account of a difcourfc I
chanced to have with one of the.n fjme time c^o.
j^iUiji^ni Frtiiotdir.

Ago'c. aJv. [a word of uncertain ety-
mology : the French have the term a
gcgo, in low language ; zi.ils iiivc/it a
gcgo, they live to their wilTi : from this
phrafe our word may be, perhaps, de-
rived.]

I. In a (late of defire ; in a ftate of warm
imagination ; heated with the notion
of fome enjoyment ; longing ; llrongly
excited.

As fjr the fcnfe and reafon of it, that has little
«r nothing to do here ; only let it found full and
round, and chime right to the humour, which
is at prefent agog (juft as a big, long, rattling
natne is faid to command even adoration fiom a
Spaniard), and, no doubt, with this powerful,
fenfelefs engine, the rabble driver flialj be able t^
carry all before h;m. Scuib'i S.tkhiii.

Z. It is ufed with the verbs to be, or to fet ;
as, he is agog, or you may fet him

'i'he gawdy gnflip, whfn the'sfer agog.
In jewels dreft, and at each ear a bob.
Goes flaunting out, and, in her trim of pride.
Thinks all flic fays or does is juftifj'd.

Dryd. Jiiv. Sat. vi.

This maggot has no {ooner Jet him agc', bui
he gets him a fliip, f eights hor, builds caitlcs in
the air, and conceits both the ladies in his cof-
fers. L'E/lr.tnzt.
3. It has the particles on, or far, before
the object of defire.

On which the fj'nts ar« all agog,
Ard all this for a bear and dog. Hudihr. (ant, ii.

Gvffios generally ft.agi;le into thefe parts, and
fet the heads of our fervant-maidi fo agcg fir
hulbands, that we do not cxpefl to have any bufi-
nefs done as it fliouij be, whil.1 they are in the
country. Mdifuit't SfiBatcr.

Aco'iNC, participial adj. [from a and
going.^ In aftion ; into aftion.

Their firft movement, and imprejed motions,
demanded the impuli'e of an almighty hand to fet
them firll agolrtg, TatUr,

Aco'ne. adv. [ajan. Sax.] Ago; paft.
See Ago.

is he fuch a princely one.
As you fpeak him long agent?

Ben 'Jonffm^s Fairy Prhce.

A'cONiSM. n.f. [iyMiiTfio,-, Gr.] Conten-
tion for a prize. Diil.

A'coNisT. n.f. [aytjVijj Gr.] A con-
tender for prizes. Diit.

AcoNi'sTES. n.f. [Uyc^nrrii; , Gr.] A prize-
fighter ; one that contends at r.»y pub-
lic folemnity for a prize. Milton has
fo ftyled his tragedy, bec.iufe Samfon
was called cut to divert the Philiftines
with feats of llrength.

AcoNi'sTiCAL.a*^'. [from<7jo«//?cv.] Re-
lating to prize-fighting. Did.

I« A'coNizE. V. n. [from agonisx, low
Vol. I.

A G R

Latin ; iyuti^u, Gr. rgonifer, Fr.] To
feel agonies ; to be in excefTive pain.

Doft thou behold my poor diltrafled heirt,
Thus-rent with agoi:izing love and rage.
And afic me what it means ? Art tliyu not falfe ?
R'.'tU'-'s f-int S/^are.
Or touch, if, tremblingly alive all o'er,
To fmait and agonixe at evVy pore ?

Fc/re's Fff-iy on Man.
Acokothe'tick. adj. [xyut s.ni z'i^r,fn,
Gr.] Propofing publick contentions for
prizes ; giving prizes; prefiding at pub-
lick games. Ditl.
A'GONY. n.f. [aya*, Gr. agon, low Lat.
agonie, ^r.'\

1 . The pangs of death ; properly the lall
contcil between life and death.

Never was there more pity in faving any than
in ending me, bccaufj therein my agony fliali end.

Sidney.

Thou who for me did'feel fuch pain,
Whofe precious blood the crofs did ftain.
Let not thc.fe agcn'us be va.n. Rofccmmcn.

2. Any violent or exceflive pain of body
or mind.

Betwijt them both, they have mc done to dy.
Thro' wounds and lirokes, and ftubborn handeling.

That death were better than fuch agcny.
As grief and fury unto me did bring. Fairy Slueen.

Thee I have mifs'd, and thought it long, depriv'd
Thy prefence, ag'nj of love ! till now
Not felt, nor (hall be twice. Mihon't Par. Lofl.

3. It is particularly ufed in devotions for
our Redeemer's conflict in the garden.

To propofe our defires, which cannot take fuch
effciS as we fpecify, fhall, notwithftaniing, other-
wife procure ui his heavenly grace, even as this
very prayer of Chr.ft obtained angels to be fent
him as comforters in his t:gony. Hooker.

Ago'od. adv. [a ATiA gcod.'\ In eameft ;
• not fJAttioudy. Not in ufe.

At that time 1 made her weep agood,
For 1 did play a hmeitable pirt.

Stikeffejr:'! Ttvn Gent, ef Ver'na-

Acot;'TY. n.f. An animal of the An-
tilles, of the bignefs of a rabbet, with
bright red hair, and a little tail without
hair. He has but two teeth in each jiw,
holds his meat in his fore -paws like a
fquirrel, and has a very remarkable cry.
When he is angry, his hair Hands on
end, and he ilrikes the- earth with his
hind-feet, and, when chafed, he flies
to a hollow tree, whence he is expelled
by fmoke. Tre'voux.

•ToAcra'ce. "v. a, [from a ?mA grace. "[
To grant favours to ; to confer benefits
upon : a word not now in ufe.

She granted, and that knight fo much agra<'i.
That the him taught celeftial difcipline.

Fairy Sluiin.
Acra'mmatist. n. f. [a, fri'u. and
yfa.jj.u.!ic, Gr.] An illiterate man. Did.
Agra'rian. adj. \_agrarius, Lat.] Re-
lating to fields or grounds ; a word fel-
dom ufed but in the Roman hillory,
where there is mention of the agrarian
\av/.
yiAoRE'ASE. 1/. (T. [{roai a And greafe.']
To daub ; to greali; ; to pollute with
filth.

The waves thereof fo (low and fluj?gi(h were,
Engrofs'd with mud, which did them foul agreafe.

Fairy liluetn.

To AGRE'E. If. n. [agreer, Fr. fromgre,
liking or good-will; gratia smd gratus,
Lat.]

V A G R

1. To be in concord ; to live without con-
tention ; not to differ.

The more you e:g!ee together, the Icfs hurt can
your enemies do you. Brccme's P*iitv '^f Epic Poetf y.

2. To grant ; to yield to ; to admit ; with
the particles to or upon.

And perfuaded them to agree to all rcafonable
conditions. z RTjccateci, xi. 14.

We do not prove the origin of the earth from a
chaos ; fccirg that is agreed on by all that give it
ary origin. Burnet.

3. To fettle amicably.

A form of vi ords were quickly agreed on between
th'-m for 3 pertVdt combinat'.on. C'arendr^n.

4. To fettle terms by fiipulation ; to ac-
cord : followed by ivit/j.

Agree zviib thine aJverfary quickly, whilft thcu
art in the .way with him ; left at any time the
adverfary deliver t.hee to the judge, and the judge
deliver thee to the officer, and thou be cart into
prifon. Matt. v. 15.

5. To fettle a price between buyer and
feller.

Friend, I do tlice no wrong; didft not thou
agree vjilb me for a penny? Mal>. xx. 13,

6. To be of the fame mind or opinion.

He exceedingly provoked or unJerwent the
envy, and reproach, and malice of men of all
qualities and conditions, who agreed in nothing
elfe. Clarendon.

Milton is a noble genius, and the world agree: to
confefs it. ff^attt^s Imprtjvcment of the Mind.

7. To concur ; to co-operate.

Muft the whole man, amazing thought! return
To the cold ma.ble and contra-ted urn ?
And never Ihall thofe particles agree,
That were in life this individual he ? Prior.

8. To fettle fome point a;nong many, with
upon before a noun.

Strifes and troubles would be cndlefs, except
they gave their common confent all to be ordered
by fome whom they fiijuld agree upon. Honker.

If men, iktUed in chymical affairs, {hsW agree
to write clearly, and keep men from being ftunned
by dark or en>p;y words, they will be reduced
eitiier to write nothing, or books that may teach
u^ fjniething. Boyle.

9. To be confiilent ; not to contradift;
with to ot luith.

For many bare falfe witnefs againft him, but
their witnefs agreed not together. Mark, xiv. 56.

They that ftood by faid again to Peter, Suely
thou art one of them : for thou art a Galilean,
and thy fpeecli ogreeib thereto. Mark, xiv. 70.

Which teftimony I the lefs fcruple to all/ge,
bec.iufe it agrees very well -with what has been af-
firmed to me. Bayle,

10. To fuit with; to be accommodated
to : with to or --with.

Thou fceJeft thine own people with angels food,
and didft fend them from heaven bread agreeing to
every tafte. _ mjdom.

His principles could not be ma.le to agree with
that conftitulion and order which God had fettled
in the world ; and, therefore, muft needs clalh
with common fenfe and experience. Locke,

1 1. To caufe no difl:urbance in the body.

I have often thought, that our prefcribing affej
milk in fuch fmall quantities, is injudicious; for,
undoubtedly, with luch as it agrea with, it would
perform much gieater and qnicker cflefls, iit
greater quantities. .Orbutbnot.

To Ac re'e. 1;. a.

1 . To put an end to a variance.

He faw from far, or feemed for to fee.
Some troublous uproar, or contentious fray,
Whereto he drew in haflc it to agree.

Fairy Slueen, i. it.

2. To make friends ; to reconcile.

The mighty rivals, whofe deftrud^ive rage
Did the whole world io civil aims engage.
Ate now agreed. Rojcommm.

H VLore'eable.

A G R

^cke'iaBLC. dJj. [agreaile,¥t.']

1. Suitable to ; confiftent with j conform-
able to. It has the particle to, or ivith.

This piucity of blood is agrciabU It many other
•nimilt, at ft-tgs, lizardi, and other fidies.

£rawH*t Vulgar Errouri,

Tha Hcl'isht whlc!i men have in popuhirlty,
fame, fubmiffiw, and fubjcflion of otlier n)cii'»
minds, fecmeth to he a thing, in itlelf, witliout
contemplation c( confcqiience, agmAh- and grate-
ful to the natuve ot" man. Baan's Natura/ Ui/lory

What you do, is not at all ogneahlt either
wkb fo good a chriftian, or fo rcalbnabic and (c
treat a pcifun. Tewfk.

That which is agriealk fj the nature of one
thing, is many times contrary to the narure of
another. VEJlr.wge.

As Uic praflice of all piety and viitue is agrec-
ciie to our reafon, fo is it likcwlfe the iniereft
both of private perl'ons and of public focieties.

TilUtfin.

2. In the following paflage the adjedive
is ufed by a. familiar corruption for the
adverb agreeably.

jigreiahlc tereunto, perl?sps it might not beamifs,
to make children, asibon as they are capable of it,
«ften to tell a ftory. ttcke on EJucatim.

3. Pleafing ; that is fuitable to the incli-
sation, faculties, or temper. It is ufed
in this fenfe both of perfons and things.

And while the face of outward things we find
Pleafant and fair, agricatU and fweet,
Thefc things tranfport. SlrJ.Dav'm.

1 rtcollefl in my mind the difcourfes which
feave palTed between us, and call to mind a thou-
fand agretahli remarks, which he has made on
thefe occafions. Addijr.n, SfeSatcr, N^ 541.

Agre'eableness. n.f. \^(rom agreeabU.'\
». Confiftency with; fuitablenefs to: with
the particle to.

Plealant tafles depend not on the things them-
felves, but their agrtiablnefi to this or that parti-
cular palate, wherein there is great variety. Locke.

3. The quality of pleafmg. It is ufed in
an infericur fenfe, to mark the pro-
duftion of fatisfadlion, calm and laft-
i.Tg, but below rapture or admiration.

There will be occafion for largenefs of mind
Uki agremk/entfi of temper. Co/tier of Frieniljhip.

It is very much an image of that author's writ-
ing, who has an agrieahhmfi that charms us,
without corrcflncfs J like a miftrefs, whofe faults
We fee, but love her with them all. Pope.

3. Refemblance; likenefs; fometimes with
the particle betiveen.

This re'.a'ion is likewife fecn in the agrteahlt-
tuft icnireta m^n and the other parts of the uni-
verfe. dviu'j Cofmchgia Sacra.

Agre'eably. a^'v. [from agreeable.]
1. Confiftently with ; in a manner fuitable
to.

They may look into the affairs of Judea and
JcrufaletD, agreeai/y to that which is in the law of
tlic Loirf. I EJJ, xviii. II.

i. Pleafingly.

1 did never imagine, that fo many excellent
rules could be produced fo advanugeoufly and
•igrtcatlj. iivift.

Agrb'ed. participial adj. \Jtoxa agree.]
Settled by confent.

When they had got known and agreid names,
to fignify thofe internal operations of their own
minds, they were fuificiently furnifhed to make
known by words all their ideas. I.ccke.

Aore'eingness. n./. [from agru.] Con-
fidence ; fuitablencft.

Ar;RE'EMENT. tt. J. [agremea/, Fr. in
law Latiri agreemeattus, which Coke
would willingly derive from aggrtgatio
uuntiua.\

'A G U

1. Concord.

What agreamtt is there between the hyeni and
the dog ^ and what peace between the rich and
the poor ? Ecctuy. xiii. 18.

1, Refemblance of one thing to another.

The djviliiin and quavering which pleafc fo
much in mufick, have ah agravmii with the glit-
tering of light, as the moon-beams playing upon a
wave. * Bacon.

Expanfion and duration have this farther agrit-
mti.i, that though they are both confidered by
us as having parts, jet their parts are not feparahi.
ore from another. Locke.

3. Compafk ; bargain; condufionof con-
troverfy ; llipulation.

And your covenant with death (hall be difan-
nulled, and your agreement with hell (hall not
(land J when the overflowing fcourge (hall pafs
through, then ye (hall be trodden down by it.

Jfaiab, xxviii. iS.
Make an agreerrent with me by a prefcnt, and
come out to me, and then eat ye every man of
his own vine, and every one of his fig-tree.

2 K'mgs, xviii. 31.
Frog had given his word, that he would meet
the company, to talk of this agreement.

I jirbuthnot's Hiftory af John Bull.

Agre'stick, or Acre'stical. adj.
[from agrejlis, Lat.] Having relation
to the country ; rude ; ruftick. Di£i.
Agricola'tjon. n. f. [from agricola,
Lat.] Culture of the ground. DiB.
A'griculture. n.f. [agricultiira, Lat.]
The art of cultivating the ground; til-
lage ; hufbandry, as dillinft from paf-
turage.

He ftrictly advifeth not to begin to fow before
the fftting of the (lars; which, notwithftanding,
without injury to agriculturey cannot be obferved
in England. Brotvn^s Vulgar Errours.

That there was tillage bellowed upon the ante-
diluvian ground, Mofes does indeed intimate in
general ; what fort of tillage that was, is not
expreffed : I hope to (hew that tlieir agriculture
was nothing near fo laborious and trcublefome,
nor did it take up fo much time as ours doth.

H^ooiiivartts Natural Hi^ory,
The difpcfition of UlyiTes inclined him to war,
rather than the more lucrative, but more fecure,
method of life, by agriculture and hulbandry.

Broome's Notes c/t tbe Odyff^y.

A'grimon'y. n.f. [a^rimoiiia, Lat.] The
name of a plant. The leaves are rough,
hairy, pennated, and grow alternately
on the branches ; the flower-cup con-
fifts of one \ezf, which is divided into
five fegments : the flowers have five or
fix leaves, and are formed into a long
fpike, which expand in form of a rofe ;
the fruit is oblong, dry, and prickly,
like the burdock ; in each of which are
contained two kernels. Miller.

To AoRi'sE. f. rt. [ajpipan. Sax.] To
look terrible. Out of ufe. Spenfer.

Te .A.ORi'sE. -v.' a. To terrify. Spenfer.

Acro'und. ad<v. [from a and^ro»»</.]

1. Stranded ; hindered by the ground from
pafling farther.

With our great (hips, we durft not approach the
eoail, we having been all of us aground.

Sir W. RaUlgb's EJJays.
Say what you fecic, and whither were you bound ?
Were you, by ftrefs of weather, cad aground f

DryJm'sJEndd.

2. It is likewife figaratirely ufcd, for
being hindered in the progrefs of af-
fairs ; a'^, the negotiators were aground
at that objeftion.

.'\'GUE, n.f. [aigu,Ft, acute.] An in-

AHA

termitting fever, with cold fits fuceeed-

ed by hot. The cold fit is, in popular
language, more particularly called the
/ ague, and the hot the fever.

Our caftle's ftrength
Will laugh a fiege to fcom. Hctp let them lie.
Till famine and tbe ague eat them up. Shakefif

'I hough
He feels the heats of youth, and colds of aget-
Vet neither tempers nor correfls -he others
As if there were an ague in his nature.
That (lill inclines to one extreme. Dtnbam'tSofiby.
A'cviu. adj. [from ague.] Struck with
an ague ; (hivering ; cJiill ; cold : a
word in little ufe.

All hurt behind, backs red, and facei pale.
With flight and agued tear ! Sbaktfp. CtrioLnm.

A'gi/e fit. ti. f. [from agiu and yS/.]
Tlie paroxyfm of the ague.

This ague Jit of fear is overblown.

Sbakeff. Rich. ir.

A'gue PROOF. <j<^'. [from ague and proof. 1
Proof againft agues ; able to refift the
caufes which produce agues, without
being afl^efted.

when the rain came to wet me once, and the
wi«J to make me chatter; when the thunder would
not peace at my bidding ; tliere I found 'em,
there 1 fmclt 'em out. They told me 1 was every
thing : 'tis a lie ; I am not ague proof .

Shakffearci King l^ar.
A'cuE-TREE. n.f. [from ague and trie.]
A name fometimes given to faffafras.

Dia.
ToAovi'sE. "v. a. [from a znd guife. See
Guise.] Todrefs; to adorn; to deck :
a word now not in ufe.

As her fantaftic wit did moft delight.
Sometimes her head (he fondly would aguift
With gaudy garlands, or frelh flowers dighc
About her neck, or rings of rulhes plight.

f-iiVy Slueen.

A'guish. adj. [flora ague.] Having the
qualities of an ague.

So calm, and io lerenc, but now.
What means this change on Myra's brow ?
Her aguijh love now glows and bums.
Then chills and (hakes, and the cold fit returns.

Granville.

A'guishness. ». f. [from aguijh.] The
quality of refembling an ague.

-Ah. Inter jcQicn.

I. A word noting fometimes diflike and
cenfure.

ylhl fmful nation, a people laden with ini-
quity, a feed of evil-doers, children that are cor-
rupters, they have forfaken the Lord. Ijaiah, i. 4.

z. Sometimes contempt and exultation.
Let them not fay in their heart*. Ah I fo we
would have it : let them not fay, we have fwal-
lowed him up. P/olmxxxy. 2^.

3. Sometimes, and moft frequently, com-
panion and complaint.

In youth alone, unhappy mortals live;
But, ab .' the mighty blifs is fugitive :
Difcqiour'd (ickncfs, anxious labour come,
And age and death's inexorable doom.

Dryd.Vlrg. Geerg. iii,.

^^met the blooming pride of May,
And tl'^t oi' beauty are but one :

At morn botlvflouriih bright and gay.
Both t\dc at evening, pale, and gone. Prion

4. When it is followed by tiat, it ex-
prcflTes vehement dcfire.

In gooJncfs, as in greatnefs, they excel ;
Ab I that we lov'd ourfelvcs but half fo well.

Drydcn's JuvtruL

Aha'! Aha'! intcrjeilion. A word inti-
mating triumph and comenipt.

They

AID

They opened their mouth wide aga!nflf mty

>nd faid, aba I aha ! our eye hath fcen it.

Pfalm XXXV. II.

Ahs'ad. aJv. [from a and i6fW.]
1, Farther onward than another : a fea
term.

And now the mighty Centaur fe«ms to lead.
And now the fpeedy Doiphin gets akiad.

DrydiTs't j^nehl.

t. Headlong ; precipitanlly :^ ufed of ani-
mals, and figuratively of men.

It is mightily the fault of parents, guardians,
tutors, and governours, tiut lb many men mif-
carry. They fuffer them at firil to run ahead,
and, when perverfe inclinations arc advanced into
habits, there is no dealing with them.

VEfirargfi Tahiti.

'.Ahe'icht. adv. [from a and hcigbt.'\
Aloft ; on high.

But have I falPn or no ?—
—From the dread I'ummit of this chalky bourne !
■ Look up aheigbf, the ftir!ll-gorg'd iafk {o far
Cannot be fecn or hlard. HhahJ^, Khr Lfar,

jiHOUjfl. n.f. The name of a poifonous

plant.
7» AID. T/. a. \aider, Fr. from adjutare,
Lat.] To help ; to fupport ; to fuc-
cour.

Into the lake he leapt, hh lord to a'u!.
And of him catching hold, him Itrongly Ifaid
From drowning. Fairy ^uetr,

Ncnhfr fliail they give any thing unto them
that make war upon them, or aid them with
rituals, weapons, ir.oney, or fiiips.

Mauabet!, viii. 26.
By the loud trumpet, which our courage aidiy
We learn that found as well as fenfe perfuadcs.

Rofcimmtn,
Aid. n.f. [from To aid.]

1 . Help ; fupport.

The memory of ufeful thiiigs may receive con-
£derable aid, if they are thrown into verfc.

fVatti^t Improvtment cf tbt Mind.

Your patrimonial ftorcs in peace poifefs j
Undoubted all your filial claim confefs :
Your private right HiouU impious power invade,
The peers of Ithaca woutd arm in aid. Pift's Od.

2. The perfon that gives help or fupport ;
a helper ; auxiliary.

Thou haft fajd, it is not good that man fhould
be alone ; let us make unto Elm an aid, like unto
himfelf. Tidiit, viii. 6.

Great aidi came in tq him, partly upon mi/fives,
and partly voluacaries from many parts.

Bui.n't Henry Vn.

3. In law.

A fubfidy. jlid !• alfo particularly ufed, in
matter of pleading, for a petition made in cuurt,
for the calling in of help frcm another, that hath
an interrft in the caufe in ijueflion ; and is I.kc-
wife both to give (trength to tne party that pray,
in aid of hiiti, an<i' alio to avoid a prejudice ai.-
cruing towards his own right, except it be pre-
vented : as, when a ter.ant for term of lite, c.iur-
tefy, £*?. being impleaded touchinf; his cftate, lit
may pray in aid of him in the reverlion ; that is,
entreat the court, that he may be called in bv
writ, to all-ge what he thinks good for the main-
tenance both of his right and his own. O/ivrll.

Ai'dance. n.f. [from aid.] Help; fup-
port : a word liiile ufed.

Oft have I Icca a timely parted ghoft,
Of aOy femblancc, meagre, pale, and b|.)»d!tf3,
R ■- ; defcendcd to the lab'ring heart,

the wnflift that it holds with death,
^.t rrtUs the fame foraidance 'gainft the cnemv.

Sbattlfrert's Hrrtry VI.

Ai'dant. adj. [aidant, Fr.] Helping;
helpful : no! in ufe.

,.,. "^n ibliOi'd virtues of r'-,' ~ ■'
S ■ tent ; \>t aidai:'

ii. . • :.-. ;n'5 diftrcfi. Si. Liar.

A I M

Ai'der. h./. [from aid.] He that brings
aid or help ; a h-lper ; an ally.

.'^11 along ..s he \tect, were punilbed the adhe-
rents and aidits of the late icbels.

Bacon^s Ilcmy VII,
Ai'dless. adj. [from aid and /e/s, an in-
feparable particle.] Hclplefs ; unlup-
ported ; undefended.

Alone he entered
The mortal gate o' th' city, which he painted
AVith ihunlefs deftiny : aldld': came off,
Aod, with a fudden rc-enforcemcnt, ftruck
Coriolj, like a planet. ShaUfp. Corlolanus.

He had met
Already, erS my befl fpeed could prevent.
The eiV/^s innocent lady, his willi'd prey.

MilnniCUmus.

A'jcuLET. n.f. [aigulet, Fr.] A point
with tags ; points of gold at the end
of fringes.

It all above befprinkled was tliroughout
With golden ajjutoi that glifter'd bright,

Like twinkling ftars, and all the &irt about
Was hemm'd with golden fringes. Talry S"cer.

To AIL. -u. a. [ejlan. Sax. to be trouble-
fome.]

1 . To pain ; to trouble ; to give patn.

And the angel of Cod calleJ to Kagar out of
heaven, and faid unto her. What ailclh thee, Ha-
gar .' fear not : for God bach heard the voice of
the lad where he is. Gtn, xxi. 17.

2. It is afed in a (enJe Itffs determinate,
for to afflB in any manner ; as, Jcrrie-
thiiig aiis ttit that I canhot ft jiill; tubal
ails the man that he laughs riiithout rea-

Jcnf

Love fmiled, and thus faid. Want joined to
defire is unhappy ; but if he nought do defire,
what can HeraclitusfliV ? Sidney.

What aiJs me, that I cannot lofe thy tlioujht !
Command the cmprefs hither to be brought,
I, in her death, fliall Come diverliun find.
And rid my thoughts at once of woman-kind.

Drydcrr's Tyrannkk Love.

3. To feel pain ; to be incommoded.

4. It is remarkable, that this word is
never ufed but with forae indefinite
term, or the word nQlhiag ; as, t^hat
ails bim ? IVhat does he ail? He ails
fifnething ; he «»/,r mthing. Something ails

him ; nothing ails him. Thus we never
fay, a fever ails hini, or he ails a fever,
or ufe definite terms with this verb.
Ail. n.f. [from the verb.] A difcarc.
Or heal, £> Narfcs, thy obfcener aH. ftpe.

Ai'lmekt. n.f. [fn>m«/A] Pain ; dif-
eafe.

Little aUmehtt oft attend the fair.

Not decent for a huftand's eye or. ear. Granville.

1 am never ill, but 1 thing of your aiftnei::i,

and repine that they mutually hinder our being'

together. , Sii-fi's Lefters.

A'lLiNG. participial adj. [ffom- To ail.]
Sickly; full of complaints.

To AIM. f. n. [It is derived Ey Skiltner
from efmnr, to point at ; a word which,
I have not found.]

1. To endeavour to llrike with a milTive
weapon ; to diie£l towards ; with the
particle at. j

Aimji thou at princes, all araae'd they faid,
The lall of games ? Piipt r Od^ly.

2. To point the view, or dTfcft the fteps'
towards any thing ; to tend toward-. ;
to endeavour to reach or obtain : with
to formerly, now only with at. ,

he, here the world Is blilV j lo hen; tliff-end

A I R

Tc which all men do aim, rich to he madu,
Such grace now to be happy is bcfoie thee laid.

Another kind there is, which although wt de-
fire for itfclf, as health, and virtue, a;.d know-
ledge, neverthelefg they are not the ial> ma-.k
ivtereat wc /litn^ but have their furclicp end where*
unto t; ey arc referred. , Hnilier.

Swoln with applaufe, and aiming ftill at more.
He now provokes the fea-gods from the (hore.

Vryoens JEneid.

Religion tends to the t?Xt and pleafure, the
pe.lce and tranquillity of our minds, whlfh ail
the wifdonrt of the world did always aim ati as the
ulrftoft felicity of this life. Tiiyj'.n.

3. To guefs.X

To Aim. 'V. a. To direfl the miffle wea-
pon ; more particularly taken fjr the
aft of pointing the weapon by the eye,
before its difmiffion from the band.

And proud Ideus, Prlam*s charioteer,
Who fliakes his empty reins, and ahm his airy
fpear. Dryden.

Aim. n.f. [from the verb.}

1 . The direftion of a milTile weapon.

Afcanius, young and eager of his game.
Soon bent his bow, uncertain of his aim ;
But the dire fiend the fatal arrow guide.S|
Which picic'd his bowels throutth his panting
fid's. Dryden, JEk. \\\. I 691.

2. The point to which the thiog thrown it
direftei,

That arrows fled not fwifter toward their aim,
Thaiv did <)iir ioldiers, aiming at their fafety.
Fly from the Acid. S/j,:hefji. Henry IV. f, ii,

3. In a figurative' fenfe, a purpofe ; a
fcheme ; an intention ; a defigii.

He [rafted to have equali'd the Aluft Hi^h,
If he oppos'd : and, with ati»bitioiis aim,
AgainU the throne and monarchy of God
Rals'd impious war. /Wj/r. Par. LcJ{, h. i. /. 41,

But fee how oft ambitious aitn arecrolV,
And chiefs contend till all the prize is loth Pripc,

4. The objedl of a defign ; the thing after
which any one endeavours.

The fafcft way' is to fuppofe, that tM; epiftle

has but one aim, t'.W, by a frequent pcrufal o'f it,
you are forced to fee there arc diftin^ independi nt
pans. Lwk^i EJfay en St. Paul': BfifU:.

5. Conjefture'; giiefs.

It is impofiible, by aim, to tell it ; and, for
expeilcnce and knowledge thereof, I do not think
that £hcie was ever any of the particulars thereof.
Sptn/er &n Ireland.
There is 3 hiftory In all men's lives.
Figuring the nature of the times' dcceas'd ;
Tie which obferv'd, a man ir.ay prophefy
With i near aim, of the main chance of things.
As yet net come to life, which in their feeds
And "v^eak. be^innlngv lie intre-ifurcd.

Sh^kiff. BeniylV.
AIR. if./, [a'ir, Fr. ai'r, Lat.]
I., The element encompaffing the tena-
queous gfobe. ;

If I were to Icll wjiat I ntcan by the word air,
I may fay, it is that fine matter which, we breathe
in and* bieathcout contiimaliy ; or it:is that thin
fluid body. In v\hich l!ic birds fly, a little abova-
the earth; or it is tliatinvilible matter, which
flils all places near the earth, or which ir:i medi-
ately encompaflis the globe of earth and Water.

H'attrs Lcgick.

2, The Sate of the itr } or the air con-
■ iGdieredwithregard to health.

. 'flicrt!, be many gopd and healthful »(«, that
do appear by habitation and other proofs, that
4il'iief not in fmeil from other ain.

Bacm! Ka!ural Hijlory, N° 904.

3. Air in motion ; a frtiall gentle wind.

Ficrh guiles, and gentle airs,
Whifri!i'd it 10 the woods, and from their wiilgs
Hung rofer flung odours from the fpicy fhrub
Uilporting ! MUim't Par^ife Lojf, i, viii, /. 51 ;.

II 2 hM

A I R

But Cafe Kpofe, without an a'r of breath,
Dwell! here, and a dumb ^uict next to death.

Dryiien.
Let Tcmal «iVi through trnnbling ofiers pUy,
And Alhioa's diffi nfouod the rural lay.

Popt'i Pap-rah.

4. Scent ; vapour.

Stinl:s wh;ch the noftrilt ftraight abhor are not
the mull pcrnicluus, but fuch airi as have fu;iic
£miiituue with maii*» body ; and fo infinuatc
ihemicives, and betray the fpirlts. Bacon.

5. filaft ; peiljlential vapour.

All the ftur'd vengeances of heaven fall
On her ingtateful top ! ftrike her young bones,
You talcing atn, wlthlameners ! Sbak. KJitgLtar,

6. Any thing light or uncertain ; that is
as ?yght as air.

0 momentary grace of mortal men.

Which we more hunt for than tlie grace of God !
Vi'ho builds his hope in air of your far looks,
Lives like a drunken Tailor on a maft,
Ready with cv'ry nod to tuinblc down. "

Sbakffpeare's Rii hard 111.

7. The open weather ; air unconfined.

The garden was inci os'd within the fquare,
Where ycung Emilia took the morning air,

Diytlcns Fahls.

t. Vent ; utterance ; emiffion into the air.

1 would have alk*d yf>u, if I du; ft for Ihame,
If ftill you I iv'd ? you gave it air before me.
Bur ah ! why were we not both of a fcx ?

For then we might have lov'd without a crime.

Dryiien.

9. Publication ; expofure to the publick
view and knowledge.

I am forry to find it has taken air, that 1 have
fomc hand in thefe papers. Ptfe's Litttn.

10. Intelligence ; information. This is
not now in ufe.

It grew from the airt which the princes and
f^ates abroad received from their an)bairaJors and
agents here. iJ.;rt/>"j //.nry VI!.

It. MuAck, Vk'hether light or ferious ;
found ; air modulated.

This muCck crept by me upon the waters.
Allaying both their fury and my palTion,
With its fweet air. Sbiktjftart' i Tanfeji.

CaU in fome mufick ; I have hejrd, fofi airs
Can charm our fenfes, and expd our cares.

Doibiim'i Scply.
The fame airs, wh'ch fome entertain with ni;d
liclightful traniports, to others are importune.

Glanville's Sccpjts Scitntijtca.
Since we have fuch a trcafury of words fi
proper for the airs of mufick, I wonder that pcr-
fcns Ihould give fo Utile attention.

Mdifan, S/rflj/or, N" 406.
Borne on the fwelling note?, our fouls afpire.
While folemn «ir» improve the facrcd fire;
And angels lean from beav'n to hear !

Popis St. Cacilia.
—When the foul is funk with Cares,
Exalts her in enliv'ning airj.' Pefe't St.Cgecilia.

12. Poetry ; a fong.

The repeated air
Of fad Eleflra's poet had ihe powV
To fare th' Atheniao walla from ruin bare.

Paradife Rtgained.

13. The mien, or manner, of the perfon ;
the look.

Her graceful innocence, her ev'ry air,
Of geflure, orlcall a<3ian, over-aw'd
His malice. Millin's ParaJife Left.

For the air of youth
Hopeful and cheerful, in thy bl->od {hall reign
A melancholy damp of cold and dry.
To wcijh thy fpiriti down ; and lall confume
The balm of life. Mi/ton's Paradijr Lcjl.

But, having the life before us, brfides the ex-
perience of all they knew, it is no wonder to hit
fome airs and features, which they haie mined.
Drydcr. on DramalUk Pmuy,

A I R

Thfrt is fotnething wonderfully divine !n the
airs of this picture. Addijan on Italy.

Yet fliould the Graces all thy figures place.
And breathe an air divine on ev'ry face. Pope.

14. An affefted or laboured manner or
gellure ; as, a lofty air, a gay air.

Whom Ancus follows with a fawning <ii/ j
But vain within, and preuiily popular.

Drydtn's ^neid, vi.

There are of thefe fort of beauties, wliicb
la(f but for a moment ; as, the different <ii;i of
an aficmbly, upon the fight of an unexfecled and
uncommon objci>, fome particularity of a violent
palTion, fome graceful a(aion, a fmile, a glance of
an eye, a dilaainful look, a look of gravity, and a
thoufand other fuch like things.

Drydtn's Dnfrrfnoy.

Their whole lives were employed in intiigues ot
Bate, and they naturally give th'emfelves airs of
kings and princes, of which the minifters of other
nations ate only the rcprcfentatlves.

Mdijuns Remarks en Italy.
To curl their waving hairs,
Aflift their bli.flies, and infplrc their airs. Poft.

He afluTics and affefts an entire fet of very
diftVrent <iir« ; he conceives himfelf a being of a
fuperlour nature. S-wift.

15. Appearance.

As it was communicated with the <fir q{ a fe-
cret, it foon found its way into the world.

Pcpt's Ded. to Rape of the Loci.

16. [In horfemanlhip.] yiirs denote the
artificial or pradlil'ed motions of a ma
naged horfe. Chambers.

To Air. f. a. [from the noun/u'r.]

1. To expofe to the air; to open to the
air.

The others make it a matter of fmall com-
mendation in itfelf, if they, who wear it, di
nothing elfe but air the robes, which their place
requircth. Hooktr, b. v. § i,g.

Fleas breed principally of ftraw or mats, wh;rc
there bath been a little moillure, or the chamber
and b=d-ftraw kept cinfe, and n.t aired.

Bacons Natural hijlory, N" 696.

We have had, in our time, experience twice or
thrice, when both the' judges, that fat upon the
jail, and numbers of thjfe that attended the
bulinefs, or were prefcnt, (ickened upon it, and
died. Therefore, it wde good wifdom, that, in
fuch cafos, the jail were aired, before they were
brought forth. Bacon's Natural Hijiory, N" 9 1 4.

As the ants were airing their proviiions oik
winter, up comes a hungry grafsh^pper to them,
and begs a charity. L'EJirarge's Fables.

Or wicker-bailiets weave, or air the corn.

Drydens yirrH.

2. To gratify, by enjoying the open air,
with the reciprocal pronoun.

Nay, ftjy a little
Were you but" riding forth to air ycuifelf.
Such parting were too petty. Shakfjp. Cymhclinc.

I afcendeJ the higheft hills of Bagdat, in order
to pafs thcreflof thcday in meditation and prayer.
As I was here airing viyfdf on the tops of the
mountains, I fell into a profound contemplation
on the vanity of human life, j^ddif^n, Sje^at^r.

3. To air liquors ; to warm them by the
fire : a term u'cd in converfation.

4. To breed in ncfts. In this fenfe, it is
derived from aerie, a ncft. It is now out
of ufe.

You may adj their bufy, dangerous, difcour-
teous, yea and fometimes defpitetui ftcaling, one
from an 'thcr, of the eggs and young ones; who,
if they were allowed to air naturally anJ q ui t'j ,
there would be ftoie fufhcient, to kill not only the
pirtiidges, but even all the gu^d houfcwives
chickens in a country.

Carnv's Survey of Corwwalf.

A'i RBLADDER. n. f. [from air and blad-
der.\

A I R

1. Any cuticle or veficle filled with air.

The pulmonary artery and vein pafs along th«
furfaces of thefe airbladders, in an infinite num-
ber of ramifications. Arluibmi on Aliments,

2. The bladder in fifhes, by the contrac*
tion and dilatation of which, they vary
the properties of their weight to that of
their bulk, and rife or fall.

Though the airbt'aiidtr in fiihes fcemt necelTary
for fwimminj, yet fome are fo formed as to fwi-n
withf^ut it. Citdwcrtb,

A'iRBuiLT. at^. [from air and inild.]
fiuilt in the air, without any folid foun-
dation.

Hence the fool's paradife, the ftatefman'sfcheme.
The airbudt callle, and the golden dream.
The maid's rotnantick wilh, the chymill'i flame.
And poet's vifion of eternal fame.

Pope's Dunciad, h. iii.

Air-drawn, adj. [from o.'r and dra':Ln.'\
Drawn or painted in air : a word not
ufed.

This is tlie very painting of your fear.
This is the (i/>-</r<jw» dagger, which, you faid.
Led yoj to Duncan. Shakifp.' Mailietb*

A'i R E R . /;. / [from To air. ] He that cx-
pofes to the air.

A'i R HOLE. n. /, [from air and iJe/f.] A
hole to admit the air.

A'iriness. n. f. [from a/ry.]

1. Opennefs ; expofure to the air.

2. Lightnefs ; gaiety ; levity.

The French have indeed taken worthy pains to
make clafiick learning fpeak their language; if
they have not fucceeded, it muH be imputed to a
certain talkativencfs and airinefs reprcfented in
their tongue, which will never agree with the fe-
datenefi of the Romans, or the folemniry of th©
Greeks. f.-/»'.ii.

A'i RING. »./. [from (j/r-.] A fliort jour-
ney or ramble to enjoy the free air.

This lit le fleet fervcs only to fetch them wine
and corn, and to giie their ladies an airing in the
fummer feafon. Addikn,

A'lRLESs. adj. [from a/r.] Wanting
communication with the free air.

Nor ftony tower, nor walls of b-aten brafs.
Nor airfefs dungeon, nor Urong links of iron.
Can be retentive to the (Irength of fpirit.

Shakefpcare's yulius Cafar.
A'iRLlNC. n. /. [from air, iat gayety.'\
A young, light, ihoughtlefs, gay per-
fon.

Some more there be, flight airftngsi will be wo»
With dogs, and horfes, and perhaps a whore.

Sen yonfrn*

A'i R p u M P . n./. [from air and fumj>. ] A
machine by whofe means the air is ex-
hauited out of proper vefiels. The piin-
cipleon which it is built, is the elafti-
city of the air ; as that on which the wa-
terpump is founded, is on the gravity of
the air. The invention of this curious
inllrument is afcribed to Otto de Gue-
rick, conful of Migdebourg, in 1654.
But his machine laboured under feveral
defefls ; the force nectflary to work it
was very great, and the progrefs very
flow; it was to be kept under water,
and allowed of no change of fubjefts for
experiments. Mr. Boyle, with the af-
iiftance of Dr. Hi-oke, removed feve-
ral inconveniencies ; though, ftill, the
working w.is laborious, by reafon of the
prefi'ure of the atmofphere at every ex-
fuition. This labour has been fiace re-
moved

A I S

moved by Mr. Hawkfbce ; who, by
adding a fecond barrel and pifton, to
rile as the other fell, and fall as it rofe,
made the preflure of the atmofphere on
the delcending one, of as much fervice
as it was of diflervice in the afcending
one. Vream made a farther improve-
ment, by reducing the alternate motion
of the hand and winch to a circular
one. C ha fitters.

The air that, in rxhaurtcd rrcc!v;rs of airfuxj!,
a exhaled trom minerals, and fl :fli, and fruits,
and litjuois, is as true and genuine as to elafticit\
and dcniity, or ra^e-'aftitin, as that we refpire in ;
and yet this Udlitious air is I'o far fr:m being lit t ■
be breathed in, that it kills animals in a moment,
even fooner than the abfence of air, or a vacuum
itfelf. BtntUy.

A'iRSHAPT. tt.f. [from air zxii Jhaft.']
A palTage for the air into mines and
fubterraneous places.

By tiie finking of an ai^jhajt-t the air ha'h 1'-
berty to circulite, and carry ouc the fteams both o(
the miners b'cath and the damps, which w^uld
otherwifc ftagnate there. Hay

A'lRV. adj. [from a/r ; rrV^ar, Lat.]

1. Compoled of air.

Tlie liiil i. th; tranfniiflion, or eirifTun.of the
tliinner and more a\ry parts of bod.cs ; as, in
odours ar.d infe^ions ; and this is, oi all the ref),
the moft corporeal. Boc'>n

2. Relating to the air; belonging to the
air.

There are fiOies that have wings, that are no
ftrangers to the a'uj region. Boyli.

3. High in air.

Wnole rivers hee forfalce the fields below,
\Anci, wond'ring at their height, through a>y chan-
nels fl .W. Mdij'M.

4. Open to the free air.

Joy'd to tai'ge abroad in frrfli attire
Thro' the wide C'<mpafs of the try coaft. Sfmftr.

5. Light as air ; thin ; unfubftaotial ;

without folidity.

I bold ambition of fo a'lry and light a quality,

that it is but a fliadow's Aiacow. Shaiiff. Hatr.Ut.

Still may the dog the wa:id'ri->g troops conftrain

Oi airy ghoHs, and vex the guilty train. Dryd^n.

6. Wanting reality ; having no fteady
foandatioa in truth or nature ; vain ;
trifling.

Nor think with wind
Of airy threats to aw.-, whom yet with deeds
ThOK cnn'll not. Mifuri ParjJi/t Liji.

Kor (to avoid fuch meannefs) foaring high,
With empty found, and tirj notions, fly.

1 have friund a complaint concerning the Tea. city
of money, which nccaiijnei many a\ry pr-ipofitions
for the reme 'y of it. Ttmplt 1 Mijcellamrs.

7. Fluttering ; loofe ; as if to catch the
air ; full 01 levity.

The painters draw their nymphs in thin and
sirj h.ibic9; but tlie weight of gold and of embroi-
deries is reieneJ fjr queens and goddeffes. Drydtn,

By this name of ladies, he mea.ns all younj
pe fon^, flendcr, finely {haped, airy^ and delit ate :
fuch as aie rymplis n^ NaVids. /Jry./m.

8. Gay; fprightly; full of mirth; viva-
cious; lively; Ipiritcd ; light of heart.

He tr jt .1 merry and airy at Ih-rc wh?n he tees
a fad lempeil on the (ea, or dances when Cod
thuhders from heaven, regards not when G ^d
fpeaks to a I thi- world. Taylor.

Ai»i. E. n.f. [Thus the word ii written by
Addifot), but perhaps improperly ; iince
it feems dcducil'le only Irom, either a/7?,
a wing, or aliir, a path, and !<; there-
fore to be written aile.^ The walks in
a church, or wings of a ^uire.

ALA

The abbey !s by no means fo magnificent as on*
would rxped from its endowments. The church
is one huge nef, with a double a':fii to it ; and, at
each end, is a large quite. Jlddlfon,

Ait, or Eyght. a. /. [fuppofed, by
Skinner, to be corrupted from ijlct.^ A
fmall idand in a river.

AJUTAGE, n.f. [njutage, Fr.] An ad-
ditional pipe to water-works. Di^.

To Ake. 1). >i. [from a-x^, Gr. and
therefore more grammatically written

1. To feel a lafting pain, generally of the
internal pirts ; diilinguilhed from fmart,
which is commonly ufed of uneafinefs in
the external parts ; but this is no accu-
rate account.

To fue, and be deny'd, fuch common grace.
My wounds ake at yru ! Slaktf^eare.

Let our finger ake, and it endues
Our other hi-althful membeis with a fenfe
Of pain. Shahefpfort.

Wcicthe pleafure of drinking accompaneti, th-
very moment, with that fr k ftomach and ak'iig
hcaJ, which, in Lmc men, are fuie to f Uow, 1
think no body would ever let wine touch his lips.

hocke.

His limbs muft tie, with daily toils oppreft,
Ere long-wilh'd night brings neceflary reft. Frior.

2. It is frequently applied, in an impro-
per fenfe, to the heart ; as, the heart
ake! ; to imply grief or fear. Skake-
fpeare has uled it, ilill more licentioufly,
of the foul.

My foul a\n
To know, when two authorities are up.
Neither fupreme, how fo'jn confufi^^n
May enter. Staiifp, Ccrhlartis.

Here fliame difTuades him, thcie his rear prevails,
And each, by turns, his aiirg heart aHails.

Add!fiii.
Aki'n. adj. [from <T and i/».]

1. Related to; allied by blood: ufed of
perfons.

1 do not envy thee, Pamela ; only T wi/h, that
being thy liRcr in nature, I were not fo far oCf air
in fortune. Sidney,

2. Allied to by nature ; partaking of the
fame properties : ufed of things.

The cankered paDion of envy is nothing ak'm to
the fiirj^envy of the afs. I/EJirargis I'aiiht.

Some limbs ag-^n in bulk or itature
Unlike, and not akin by natuie.
In corccft aS, like modern iiiends,
Becaufe one fcrvcs the other's ends. Prior.
He feparates it from qucAionswltlr which it may
have been compiicated, and diflingu.Oies it from
queilions which m-iy be akin to it.

H''atrs's Irfproi-emfrf of tbe Afird.
Al, Attle, Adi.e, do all feem to be
corruptions of the Saxon My^i, naile,
famous ; as alio, Ailing and Aultng, arc
corruptions of iEpehnj. noble, jflendid,
fumous.

Al, Aid, being initials, are derived
from the Saxon Kalb, ancient ; and fo,
oftentimes, the i:iitial all, being melted
by the Normans from the Saxon ealb.

Gibjcn s Camden,
A'laeaster. n.f. [iiA«ti?arto».] A kind
of foft marble, ealicr to cut, and Icfs
durable, than the other kinds ; fome is
white, which is moll common ; fome of
the colour of horn, and tranfpa-ent ;
fome yellow, like honey, marked with
veins. The ancients ulcd it to make
boxes for perfumes. Savarj,

ALA

"Vet I'll not (hed her blood.
Nor fear that whiter Ikin of hers than fnow.
And fmooth as monumental alahaficr. ShaLefpt

A'l A B A s T E R . adj. Made of alabailer.

1 cannot forbear mentioning pai t of an atabufitr
column, found in-the ruins of Livias portico. It
is of the colour of fire, and may be leen over the
high altar of St. Matia in Canipitello; for they have
cut it into two pieces, and fixed ir, in the rt-.ipe
of a cnls, in a hole of the wall; fo that theiiglit
palling through it, makes it look, to thofe^ in tha
church, like a huge tranfparent ctofs of artibcr.

Addifon on I'aly.

Ala'ck. interjea. [This word feems only
the corruption of fl/aj.] Alas; an ex-
preffion of forrow.

A'.aik I when once our grace we have forgot.
Nothing goes right ; we would, ap.d we would not.
Shakefp.,,Meafure for Meajurt,
At thunder now no more 1 ftart,
Than at the rumbling of a cart :
N.ty, what 's incred"ble, alack!
I hardly hear a woman's clack. Sivifi'

Ala'ck A DAY. interjsiiion. [This, like
the former, is for alas the day.'\ A word
noting forrow and melancholy.

Al a'criously. ad'v. [from alacrious,
fuppofed to be formed from alacris ; but
oi alacrious I have found no example.]
Cheerfully ; without dejeftion.

Epaminondas olacr^onjly expired, in confidi-nce
that he left behind him a perpetual memory of the
viftories he had achieved f r his country.

Co-utnmtr.t of tie Tongue,

Ala'crity. »./ [alacritas, Lat.] Cheer-
fulnefs, exprefltd by fome outward to-
ken ; fprightlinefs ; gayety ; livelinefs ;
cheerful willingnefs.

Thelc orders Wire, on all fides, yielded unto
with no Iffs a/acriiy of mind, than cities, unable
to hold outany longer, are wont to (hew when they
take cond tioos, fuch as it likcth him to offer
them, which hath them in the narrow ftraits of
advantage. . Hi/ohr,

Give me a bowl of wine ;
I h.ive not that alacrity of fpirit.
Nor cheer of mind, that I was wont to have.

Sbakefpeare,

He, gind that now his fea Ihould find a Ibore,
Witji frefli alacrity, and force renew'd.
Springs upward. Milton' i Paradift Lofl,

Never did men morejoyfulh obey.
Or fooner underftord the fign to fly :

With fuch ahirriiy ihey bore away.
As if, to praile thcin, all the dates ilood by.

Drydcn.

ALAMI'RE. n. f. The loweft note but
one in Guido Aretine's fcalc of niufick.

Alamo'de. adv. [a la mode, Fr.] Ac-
cordino; to the fafhion : a low word. It
is uffd likewife by (hopkeepers for a kind
of thin filken manufacture.

Ala'nd. ad'v. [from a for at, and land."]
At land; landed; on the-dry ground.

I'e only, with the prince his c -ufin, were caft
aland, far ( ff from the place whither their dufires
would have guided ihent. Sidnry,

Three more fierce Eurus, in his anqiy mood,
Dafli'd on the thallows of the m' ving fand,
And, in iriid ocean, left them moor'd aland.

Drydin^

.ALA'RM. n.f. [from the French a I'arme,
to arms ; as, crier a I'arme, to call to
arms.]
I. A cry by which men are fummoned to
their arms ; as, at the approach of an
enemy.

When the congregation is to be gathered toge-
ther, you (hall blow, but you (hall not found an
alarm, Humbert

Co4

' TJod faimfcif is with ns for our cjptiin, anj h 3 ■
friertj with founding trumpets, to cry jlam
(gainft you. zCkron. xiii. iz.

The trumpett loud cUngour

Excites us to armSy
Wiih thrill notts of ang«r.

And mortal alarmi. Drjilcr.

Taught by this llrolcc, renounce the wars alaras.
And leain to trembie at the name of arms.

f c,Wj Iliad.

<■ A cry, or notice, of any danger ap-
proaching ; as, an r.!arm of fire.
3. Any tumult or difturbance.

Crowds of rivals, for thy mother's chirms,
Tliy r»Uc« fill with iafuiti and aJarmi.

Faft's Oihj[<y.
To Ala'r m. c. a. [from aJurm, the noun.]
J. To call to arms,

J. To dillurb ; as, with the approach of
an enemy.

The waip the liivc alarms
With louder hums, and with uiiequ^l arms.

3. To furprife with the apprehenfion of
any danger.

When rage mifguides me, or when fear alarms,
When pain diiiretTes, or when- pleafure charms.

Tickill.
4- To difturb in general.

His fon, Cupavo, brufti'd the briny Aood j
• Upon his ftern a brawny Centaur ilood,
Who heav'd a rock, and threat'ning ftill to throw, |
With lilted hinds, «/j7rmV the feas below. Drydcti.
Ala'rmbell. a.y. [from alarm and ^^//.]
The bell that is rung at the approach of
an enemy.

Th' alarmhrll rings from our Alhambra walls,
And, from the ftreets, found drums and atabillcs.

DrydetJ.

Ala rmikg. particip, aefj. [from, alarm. "l

Terrifying ; awakening ; furprifing ;

as, an alarming melTage ; an alarming

pain.
Ala'rmpost. n.f. [from fl/«rOT and /5/?.]

The poll or place appointed to each body

of men to appear at, when an alarm

thall happen.
Ala'rum. «./ [corrupted, as it feems,

f torn alarm. See Alarm.]
Now are our brows bound with vi^orious wreaths,

Our bruifed arms hung up for monuments,

Our ftern a/arums chang'd to merry meetings.

Sl'ake/pcari.
That Almatro might better bear,

She fcts a drum at cither car j

And loud or gentle, harlh or fwect,

Are but th' aUnims which th^y bear. frier.

To Ala'rum. 'v. a. [corrupted from 7c
alarm.l See Alarm.

Withered murder
(Ahrum'ii by his fentinel the wr'lf,
Whofe howl's his watch} thus with his ftealthy pace
Moves like a ghoft. Sbntefpeare.

Ala's, intcrjea. \helau Vr.eylaes, Dutch.]
J. A word expreffing lamentation, when
we ufe it of ourfelves.

But yet, alatl O but yet, n/jt .' our haps be but
hard hapi. Sidney.

jilas) h iw little from the grave we claim !
"Thou but preferv'ft a form, and I a name. Fife.

2. A word of pity, when ufed of other per-
fons.

''ytLt ! poor Ptothelis, thou haft entertain'd
A fox to be the (hepherd of thy lambs. Staitff.

3. A w6rd of forrow and concern, when
ufed- of things.

Thus faith the Lord God, Smite with thine
h*nii,.and P«mp with thy foot, and fay, Alas !
Ivf ail tlK evil abominations of tke houfe of Il'racl.

£w/l;V.

A L C

jVas ! both for tke deed, ani for the caufc !

yl/as ! for pity of this bloody field 5
Piteous indeed muft be, when I, a fpirit.
Can have fj foft a fenfe of human woes. Drydm.

Alas THE DAY. iiitcrjeS. Ai, unhappy
day !

Al<i. lie day ! I never gave him caufe. Utaktff.

Alas a day ! you have ruined my poor miil.ivs :

you have made a pap in her reputation ; and can

you blame her, if flie make it up with her hulbar.d >

Congrtvi.
Alas the while. interjeS, Ah! un-
happy time I

AH as :he Ihcep, fuch was the flicpherd's lode ;
For pale and wan he was (a!as tbt ivhile 1}
May fecm he lov'd, or eile fame care he conk.

Hferfir.

Ala'te. aJv. [from a and /«»/*.] Lately;
no long time ago.

Alb. n.f. [album, Lat.] A furpHce ; a
white linen veftment worn by priefts.

Albe. lad-v. [a coalition of the words

Albe'it. J all be it fo. Skinner. '\ Al-
though ; notwithllaiiding ; though it
(hould be.

Ne wou'd he fuffer fleep once thitherward
App'roach, aihc his drowfy den Was next. Sptnfir.

I'his very thing is caufe I'ufficient, why duties
belonging to each kind of virtue, alleit the law of
«afon teach them, Ihould, notwithftandirg, be
prefcribcd even by human law. Hooker.

One whofe eyes.
Albeit unufed to the melting mood.
Drop tears, as fa(^ as the Arabian trees
Their medicinal gum. Shaltffcart.

He, who has a probable belief that he fliall
meet with thieves in fuch a road, thinks himll'll
to have reafon enough to decline it, albeit he is fure
to fuftain fome lefs, though yet confiderable, in-
convenience by his fo doing. Scjih's Sermons.

Albug i'neous. atij. [albugo, Lat.] Re-
fembling the white of an egg.
£ggs will freeze in the albuginou! part thereof.

Brvwn^s Vulgar Errours.

I opened it by incifion, giving vent firft to an

albugineouSt then to white concofted matter*, upon

which the tumour funk. ff^feman^s Surgery.

JLBU'GO. »./. [Lat.] A difeafe in the
eye, by which the cornea contrafts a
whitenefs. The fame with leucoma.

A'lburn colour, n.f. See Auburn.

A'lcahest. n.f. An Arabick word, to
exprefs an univerfal diflblve:it, pretend-
ed to by Paracclfus and Helmont.

^incy.

Alca'id. n. f. [from al, Arab, at.d
npnp, the head.]

1. In Barbary, the governour of a callle.

Th* alcaid
Shuns me, and, with a grim civility.
Bows, and declines mv wsiks. Drydtr.

2. In Spain, the judge of a city, firft
inltituted by the Saracens. Du Came.

ALCANNA, n. f. An Egyptian plant
ufed in dying ; the leaves making a
yellow, infufed in water, and a red in
acid liquors.

The root oi alcanna, though green, will give a red
ilaiii. Brtiuns ^u.'gjr Errcnrs.

Alch v'mical. ar^'. [from alcbymy-l Re-
lating to alchymy ; produced by al-
chymy.

The rofe-n:ible, then current for (ix (hilling-
and eight pence, the alchymifts do afBrm as ar.
unwritten verity, wis made by pr'.je."1ion ■ r mul
tiplicati rt alehymial of Rajmond Lully in the
tovcr ot Lundon. Camden's Rentins.

A L C

Aicny'intCALLY. aJv. [from a/ciy.
rmcal.] In the mannerof an alchymift j
by means cf alchymy.
Kaymond Lully would prove it elchymically.

CamJau

A'lchtmist. n.f. [from alchymy.'] One
who purfues or profeiTes the fcience of
alchymy.

'lo lolemnize this day, the glorious fun
Stays in his c urfe, and fUyithealcbymifl,
Turning, with fplcnduur of his precious eye.
The meagre cloddy earth to glittering gold.

• Siake/f. Ki'!g Jstr.

Every alebymijt knows, that gold will endure
» vehement fire fir a long time without a^y
change ; and after it has been divided by corrofive
liquors into inviftble parts, yet may prefently be
prcipitated, fo as to appear in its ov.n form.

Grevj.

A'LCHYMY. »./. [of al, Arab, and

1. The more fublime and occult pan of
chymiltry, which propofes for its objecl
the tranfmutation of metals, and other
important operations.

There' is nothing more dangerous than thit
deluding art, which changeth the meaning of
wjids, as alclymy doth, or would do, the fuB-
ftance of metals ; maketh of any thing what it
lideth, and bringeth, in the end, all truth to no.
thing. Hakcr,

O he fits high in all the people's hearts;
An* that which would appear offence in u>>
His countenance, like richtft alchymy.
Will change to virtue and to worthincfs.

Sta.keff. yulius Cxjar.
Compared to this.
All honour's mimick, all wealth akhyny.

Donnit

2. A kind of mixed metal ufed for fpoons,
and kitchen utenfils.

White alchymy is made of pan-braft one pound,
and arfenicum three ounces ; or alclypy is made
of copper and auripigmentum.

Baccn's Phyjiial Rtmaiiilm
They bid cry.
With trumpets regal found, the great refult;
Tow'rds the four winds, four fpeedy cherubimt
Put to their mbuths the founding alchymy,
By herald's voice explain'd. Milton's Paradife Lrjt,

A'LCOHOL. n. /. An Arabick term
ufed by chymifts for a high rciflified
dephlegmated fpirit of wine, or for any
thing reduced into an impalpable pow-
der, ^incy.
If the fame fa't (hall be reduced into alcohol,
as the chjmifta fpcak, or an impalpable powtler,
the particles a. id intercepted fpaces will be ex-
tremely Icfl'ened. Br.yle,
Sal V ilatile oleofum will coagulate the feruni on
account ot the alcjbtl, or rectified fpirit which it
contairs". Arbutbmrt*

Alcoholika'tion. n.f. [from alcoho-
lia/.] The att of alcoholizing or rec-
tifying fpirits ; or of reducing bodies
to an impalpable powder.

-r» A'lcoholize. v. a. [from alcohol.']

1 . To make an alcohol ; that is, to rec-
tify fpirits till they are wholly dcphlegv
mated.

2. To comminute powder till it is wholly
without rough ne(s.

A'lcOran. ti. /. [al and ioran, Arab.]
The' book oi the Mahometan precept*
and crcdenda.

It this W3uld fatisfy the confcience, we might
not only take the prefent covcnmt, but fubfcr^be
to the cojni.il of Trent; yen, and 10 the Turkilh
olctran -J and-fwcar to maintain and defend cither
of them. SauTidtrJcn agairj} the Covcnat:t*

Alco'vb.

ALE

A- LIE

A t E

Alco've. »./. [ahoba. Span.] A recefs,
or part of a chamber, feparated by an
ellrade, or partition, and other corre-
fpoudenccrnaments ; in which is placed
a bed of ilate, and ibmetimes feats to
entertain company. Trenjoux.

The weary'd champion lulfd in fofc a/ccves.
The n^biefl boaft of thy rom^it cJc groves.
Oft. if the mufe prcfage, tliall he bs feen
By Roiam- nda fle»-ting o'er the green.
In dreams be haU'd by heroes' nii|hty Hiades,
A^ul hear old Ciiaucer warble through the glades.

Tiikcli.
Deep in a rich alcove the prince was laid,
And fiept beneath the pompous colonr^aJe.

Pofe't Odify.
A'lder,//, / [fl/m//, Lat.] A tree hav-
ing leaves reiembling thofe of the ha-
zel ; the male flowers, or katkins, are
produced at remote diilances fiora the
fruit, on the fame tree ; the fruit is
I fquamofe, and of a conical figure. The
fpecies are, i. Tiie common or round-
leaved ij/rftr. 2. Tlie long-leaved «/atr.
3. The fcarlet aUfr. Thefe trees de-
light in a very moift foil. The wood is
ufed by turners, and will endure long
under ground, or in water. M.ller.

Without the gror, a various fylvan fcene
Appear'd arounj, a .d groves of living green j
Popiars and aldcri e-cr quivering play'd.
And nodding cypreft torm'd a fragrant (hade.

PoT^c'i Odyjfy.

Alderli'evest. adj.fuferl. [from «/^,
aUer, old, elder, and litve, dear, be-
loved.] Molt beloved ; which has held
the longed poiTeflion of the heart.

The mutual conference that my mind hath had,
In courtly company, or at my beads,
With you, mine alderliniji fovereign.
Makes me the bolder. Shaitff. Humy VI. p. ii.

A'lderman. ». /. [from aU, old, and
man. ]

1. The fame as fenator, Conuell. A go-
vernour or magiftrate, originally, as
the name imports, chofen on account
of the experience which his age had gi-
ven him.

Tell him, myieJf, the mayor, and pljirmen.
Are come to have fome eonrrence with his trace.

Shakrfpeare,
Though my own aUirmtn conferr'd my bays.
To me committing their eternal praife ;
Their full-fed heroes, their pacifi.k may'rs.
Their annual trophies, and their monthly wars.

Fo[te*l Dunciad,

1. In the following paflage it is, I think,
improperly ufed.

But if the t:umi>et's clangour you abhor,-
And dare not be an a/dfrmart of war.
Take to a dsop, behind a counter lie.

Dry J. yuvi Sii:-
A'ldep. MANLY. a//v. [from a/a'erman.]
Like an alderman ; belonging to an
alderman.

Thefe, and many more, fuffcred death, in envy
to their virtues and fuperiout genius, which em-
boldened them, in exigencies (wan:ing an n/i^rr-
manlf dif.retion) to attempt fervlce out of the
cum.non forms. Sw/i'i MifccU^nlet.

A'ldern. adj. [from aJdir.'[ Made of
alder.
Then aJ!tr» boau firft plow'd the ocean.
. . _ May't firm/.

ALE. «./ [eal«r, Sax.]
I. A liquor made by infufing malt in
9

hot water, and then fermenting the li-
quor.

You mud be feeing chriftenings. Do you look
for ale and cakes here, you rude rafcals ?

Sh,xiejpeare's Henry VIII.
The fertility of the foil in grjin, and its being
not proper for vines, put th^ Egyptians upon drink-
ing ale, of which they were the inventors.

jirbuihrsi.

2. A merry-meeting ufed in country
places.

And aU the neighbourhood, from old records
Of antick proverbs drawn from Whirfon lords.
And their authorities at wakes and a'cs.
With country precedents, and uld wives tales.
We bring you now. Ben '^anjoti.

A'leberry. n. f. [from alt and berry.']
A beverage made by boiling ale with
fpice and fugar, and fops of bread : a
word now only ufed in converfation.
Their altberriny cawdles, poflets, each one,
Syllibubs made at the milking pale.
But what are compofed of a pot of good ale.

B^numont.
A'le-brewer. n./. [from a/tr and ^;vw-
^r.] One that profefles to brew ale.

The fummer-made mak "brews ill, and is dif
liked by moft of our ali-hrewcrs.

AP^ri'imer^ s llujhandty.
A'i.econner. n.f. [from alt and con.']
An officer in the city of London, whofe
bafineis is to infpeft the ir.eaiures of
publick houfes. Four of them are cho-
fen or rechofen annually by the com-
mon-hall of the city ; and, whatever
might be their ufe formerly, their places
are now regarded only as iinecares for
decayed citizens.
A'LECosr. i/.f. [perhaps from ale, and
cojius, Lat.] The name of an herb.

Dia.

Ale'ctryomancy, or Ale'ctoro-

MANCY. n. f. [<iXjx1^t/»iir and fiiilxc,.]

Divination by a cock. Dia.

A'lecar. n. f. [from ale and eager,

four.] Sour ale ; a kind of acid made

by ale, as vinegar by wine, which has

loft its fpirit.

A'troER. adj. \allegre, Fr. alacrii, Lat.]

Gay ; chearful ; fprightly : a word not

now ufed.

Coffee, the root and leaf betle, and leaf tobacco.
of which the Turks are great takers, do all cin-
dcnfe the Ipirits, and make them (Irong and ale-
Z>r. D^ccn's Natural Hi/lory.

A'lehoo^. a. /. [from ale and hoopb,
head.] Grojndivy, fo called by our
Saxon anceftors, as being their chief in-
gredient in ale. An herb.

yiUhvif, or groundlvy, is, in my opinion, of
the molt excellent and moft g"ner.il ufe and vir-
tue, of any plants we have amon^ us. Temple.

A'i.ehouse. n. f. [from aU and hcufe.]
A houfe where ale is publickly fold ;
a tipling-houff. It is diftinguiflicd from
a tavern,, where they fell wine.

Thou tnoitijeauteous inn.
Why (hould hard-fav /ur'd grief bs lodg'd in thee,
.When triumph is become an aUhcufe gueft ?

Sbakeffeart
One would think it (hould be no eafy matter to
bring any nun of fenfc in love with an alehnnfe;
indeed of f • much fenfc as feeing and fm-'-ling
am-'u'tj to i there bcin^ fuch ftron^ encounters of
bo- 1, as would quickly lend him packing, did not
the ovf of good fdiowihip reconcile to thefe

nuifascu*.

StKlt.

Ti-.ec /Kail each alcboafe, thee each jilHioufe-
mourn,
And anfw'riiig ginlhops fourer Cghs return. Pope,
A'lehouse-keeper. ». f. [from ale-
houj'e and keeper.'] He that keeps ale-
publickly to fell.

Vou refemble perfectly the tva aLhoufe-heperi
in Holland, who were at the fame time burgo-
raailers of the town, and taxed one anotiicr's biUu
alcernaiely. Letter to Stuif;.

A'leknight.»./. [from ale and knight. ]
A pot- companion ; a tippler; a word,
now out of ufe.

The old aUli..:ghts of England were well de-
pair.ted by Hanville, in the alehoufe-colours of
that time. Cumd^r..

Ale'mbick. n.f. A veffel ufed in diftil-
ling, confiding of a veli'el placed over .
a fire, in which is contained the fub-
ftance to be diftilled, and a concave-
cjofely fitted on, into which the fumes
arife by the heat ; this cover has a beak
or fpout, into which the vapours rile,
and by which they pafs into a ferpen-
tine pipe, which is kept cool by making
many convolutions in a tub of water;
here the vapours are condenfed, and
wjiat entered the pipe in. fumes, comes
out in drops.

Though water may be rarefied into invifible
valours, yet it is not changed into air, hut only
fcattered into minute parts j which meeting toge-
ther in the aUmhkk, or in the receiver, do pre-
feiwly return into fuch water as they conftitiHcJ
before. Beyle.

-Ale'kcth. ad'v. [from a for at, and'
Ungth.] At full length ; along; llretched-
along the ground.

ALE'RT. adj, [alerte, Er. perhaps from
alacris, but probably from a I'art, ac-
cording to art or rule.]

1. In the military fenfe, on guard ; watch-
ful ; vigilant ; ready at a call.

2. In the common fenfe, bri£k ; pert ; pe-
tulant ; fmart ; implying fome degree
of c^fuie and contempt.

I ii\*i an alert young fellow, that cocked his
hat upon a friend of his, and accoftcd him.
Well, Jack,, the oIJ prig is dead at laft.

Addijon, SpeHator.
Ale'rtnes*. n.f. [from o/er/.] The.
quality of being alert ; fprightlinefs ;.
pertnefs.

That altrtnifi and unconcern for matters of
common life, 9 campaign or two would infallibly
have given Uim. - Add-Jm, SpeBaicr.

A'i.etaster. n.f. [from «/? and C/T/^^r.]:
An officer appointed in every court leet,,
and fworn to lock to the affiztrand the
goodnefs of bread and ale, or beer,
within the precinds of that lordfhip.

Coiuell. ■
A'levat. n.f. [from fl/« and -yij/.] The-

tub in which the ale is fermented.

A'lew. n.f. Clamour; outa-y. Not in.

^ufe. • Spoi/ei-.

A'lbwashed. adj. [from ale and wa/*.]

Steeped or foaked in ale : not now in.

ufe.

What a beard of the general's cut, and a horrid
fult of the camp, will do atn>ng foaming batties
and alctoajhed wits, is wonderful to hi thought
on- Hbakeffeare..

A'lewife. n.f. [from rt/f and zi-//^.] A.
woman that keeps an alchonfe.

Eerhap«<

A L G

Perl>»;>i he will fwaggeranj heOor, «nd threaten

to bcK »iiJ butcher an alivi'.ft, or take the goods

by force, and throw them do»™ the bad halfpence.

Swift's Drjfer's Ltiten.

A'lcxakders. tt. f. [fmjrnium, Lat.]
The name of a plant.

A'lexander's-foot. «./. The name
of an herb.

Alexa'ndrine. n.f. A kind of verfe
borrowed from the French, firft ufed in
« poem called Alexander. They conEft,
among the French, of twelve and thir-
teen fyllables, in alternate couplets ;
and, among us, of twelve.

Our numbers (hould, for the moft part, be
lyrical. For variety, or rather where the majefty
61 thought requires it, they may be ft.ctthed to
the Engl) Si heioic of five feet, and to the French
A'-ixandrm of fix. Dryicn.

Then, at the lad and only couplet, fraught
With fome unmeaning thing they call a thought,
A necdlefs A'.^-itanir.tie ends the fong.
That, like a wounded fnake, drags its flow length
along. Pifis Ejfay on Criikijm.

Alexipha'rmick. adj. [from a.^l|/l■ and
^o^^axor.] That which drives away
poilbn ; antidotal ; that which oppofes
mfciftion.

Some antidotal quality it may have, fince not

only the bone in the heart, but the horn o( a deer

is a/exifbarmick. Brown's Vulgar Errmrs.

-AuEXITe'rICAL, or ALEXITE'RICK.a<^'.

[from aXi^i'i'.] That which drives away
poifon ; that which refills fevers.
A'lcates. adv. [^irom all znA gate. Skin-
xer. Gate is the fame as 'via ; and ftill
ufed for way in the Scottifh dialed.] On
any terms ; every way : now obfo-
lete.

Nor had the hoafter ever rifen more.
But thit Renaldo's horfc cv'n then down fell,
And with the fall his leg opp/ef^'d i'o fy:;e,
•That, for a fpacc, there muft he algata dweil.

Fairfax,

A'LGEERA. n.f. [an Arabic word of
uncertain etymology ; derived, by fome,
from Gchcr the philc'.bpher ; by ferae,
from gtfr, parchment ; by others, from
algehijla, a bonefetter ; by Menage, from
algiabarat , the reftitution of things bro-
ken. ] A peculiar kind of arithmetick,
which takes the quantity fought, whe-
ther it be a number or a line, or any
other quantity, as if it were granted,
and, by means of one or more quanti-
ties given, proceeds by confequence,
till the quantity at firft only fuppofed to
be known, or at leaft fome power there-
of, is found to be equal to fome quantity
or quantities which are known, and con-
fcquently itfelf is known. This art was
in ufe among the Arabs, long before
it came into this part of the world ; and
they are fuppofed to have borrowed it
from the Pcrfians, and the Perfians from
the Indians. The firft Greek author of
algebra was Diophantus, who, about the
year 800, wrote thirteen books. In
1494, Lucas Pacciolus, or Lucas de-
Burgos, a cordelier, printed a treatife
of algebra, in Italian, at Venice. He
fays, that algebra came originally from
the Arabs. After feveral improvements
by Victa, Oughtred, Harriot, Defcartes,

A L I

Sir Ifaac Newton brought thi« art to
the height at which it ftill continues.

Trevoux. Chambers.

It would furely require no very profound Ikill in

al^iha, to reduce the ditTerence of ninepence in

thirty (hillings. Svii/t.

A L C E B R a'i C K . l . jf^^^ J^.ira.]

Algebra ical. J -^ >■ •* ■*

1. Relating to algebra ; zs,^a algebraical
treatife.

2. Containing operations of algebra; as,
an algebraical computation.

Alcebra'ist. n.f. [from algebra.] A
perfon that underftands or praftifes the
fcience of algebra.

When any dead body is found in England,
no algeiraift or unciphertr can ufe more fubtl:
fuppofitions, to find the demonftratlon or cipher,
than every unconcerned perfon dDth to find the
murderers. Craum's Bills cf Mortality.

Confining themfelves to the fynthctitk and ana-
lytick methods of geometricians and algehraiJIs,
they have too much narrowed the rules of method,
as though every thing were to be treated in mathe-
matical forms. fVatts's L:gici.

A'hGUy.adj. [fl/^/Vw,Lat.] Cold; chill.

Dia.

Aloi'dity. In./, [from a/^(V.] Chil-

A'lcidness. 5 nefs ; cold. Dia.

AhGi'ric. adj. [from fl^or, Lat.] That
which produces cold. Di3.

jfLGOR. n.f. [Lat.] Extreme cold;
chilnefs. Dia.

A'i. COR ISM. I"'/ Arabick words,

A'lgorithm. J which are ufed to im-
ply the fix operations of arithmetick, or
the fcience of numbers. Dia.

Ai.Go'sE. adj. [from algor, Lat.] Ex-
tremely cold ; chill. . Dia.

A' LI AS. ad'v. A Latin wo.-d,'fignifying
othernulje ; often ufed in the trials of
criminals, whofe danger has obliged
them to change their names ; as, Sim-
(on, alias Sm\x.h„^lias Baker; that is,
othernvife Smith, elhcrtxije Baker.

A'lible. adj. [a/;^y//V, Lat.] Nutritive;
nourifhing ; or that which may be nou-
rifhed. Dia.

A'LIEN. adj. {alicnus, Lat.]

1. Foreign, or not of the fame family or
land.

The m.ither plant admires the leaves unknown
Of aVttn trees, and apples not her own. Drydtn.

From native f)!!
F.»ird by fate, torn from the tender'em brace
Of his young guilttcfs pr^^geny, he feeks
In^^l-rious fhelter in an alien land. Vhit.ft.

2. Eftranged from; not allied to; ad-
verfe to: with the particle yrawi, and
fometimes to, but improperly.

To declare my mind to the difciples of the
fire, by afimilitude not alien from their profefiion.

Bcylt.
The fentiment that a'ifes, is a conviction of
the deplorable ftatc of nature, to which fin re-
duced us j a weak, ignorant creature, alien from
Cod and goodnefs, and a prey to tlie great de-
- ftrorer. Rogers's Sermons.

They encouraged pcrfons and principles, alien
/rem our religion and governmeit, in order to
ftre.ngthen their faftion. Swift's Mifcellanies.

A'liek. n.f. [alienus, Lat.]
I. A foreigner; not a denifon ; a man
of another country or family ; one not
allied ; a ftranger.

A L I

In wbomfoever thefe things are, the church
doth acknowledge tliem for her childnn ; them
only (he holdeth for aliens and (Irangers in whom
thefe things are not found. Htoiert

If it be provM againft an alietif
He feeks the life of any citizen.
The party, 'gainft the which he doth contrive,
Shall feiae on half his goods.

Shaiejf. Merch. ofVeitUe,

The mere Iri(h were not only accounted alitns,
but enemies, fo as it was no capital ofience to kill
them. Sir fobn Dai'ies on Ireland*

Thy place in council thou halt ruJely lol^.
Which by thy younger brother is fupplyM,
And art almolt an alien to the hearts
Of all the court and princes oi my blo'>d.

SbcUjiure,

The lawgiver condemned the perfons, who fat
idle in divifr>ns dangerous to the government, aa
ali'ns to tlie community, and theirfore to be cut
off from it. Addi)on, Frtebolicr.

2. In law.

An alien is one born in a (Grange country, and >
never enfrancliifed. A man b.'>m out of the land,
fn it be within the limiu beyond the fcas, or of
Englifh parents out of the k'ug's obedience, fo
the parents, at the time of the birth, be of the
king's obedience, is not ahen. If one, born out
of the king's allegiance, cume and dwell in Eng-
land, his children (if he beget any here) are not
aliens, but dcnifons. CtTr*//.

To A'n E N . -t;. a. [aliener, Fr. alieno, Lat.]

1. To make any thing the property of an-
other.

If the fona/iflt lands, and then repurchals them
again in fee, the rules of defcents are to be ob-
ferved, as if he w;rc the original purchafer.

HitU'i I-iijiory of Common Lavf*

2. To eftrange ; to turn the mind or affec-
tion ; to make averfe : with /row.

The king was difquicteJ, when he found that
the prince was totally aliened from all thoughts of,
or inclination to, t'le marriage. Clarertlffti,

A'lienaule. aii/. [from To alienate.]
That of which the property may be
transferred.

Land is alienable, and treafure is tranfitory, and

both muft pafs from him, by his own voluntary

afl, or by the violence of others, or at lea.1 by fate.

Denris^s Letters,

-To A'lienate. v. a. [aliener, fr. ahem,
Lat.]

1. To transfer the property of any thing
to another.

The countries of the Tu: ks were once Chriftian,
and members of the church, and wl.erc the golden
candk'fticks did ftand, though now they be utterly
a'ienated, and no Chritlians Lfc. Bacon,

2. To withdraw the heart or affeflions:
with the particle frcm, where the firft
pofleffor is mentioned.

The manner of men's writing muft not aCtenett
our hearts yiow the truth. Hosier,

Be it never fo true «!iich we teach the world to
bdievp, yet if once their afFeitions b-gin to be
alienated, a fmall thing per fuadeth them to change
their opinions. Hooker,

His eyes furvey'd the dark idolatries .
Of alienated Judah. Milton's Paradife LcJI,

Any thing that is apt to difturb the world, and
to alienate the af^eCiions of mt n from one another,
fuch ai crofs and dilUHeful hum jurs, is cither tx-
prcf^ly, or by clear confetjueiice and deduction, for-
bidden in the New Teftamcnt. Tilhtfui,

Her mind was quite alierated from the honeft
Caftilian, whom (he was taught to look upon as a
formal old fellow. ylJdifn,

A'lienate. adj. [alienafus,I-,at.'j With-
drawn from; ftranger to: with the par-
iiclcffcm.

The Whigs are damnably wicked ; impatient
for the death of the ijven j ready to gratify their

ambitio*

A L I

•mbition and revenge by all defpcntt methods;
wholly alitnate fnm truth, law, religion, mercy,
confciencc, or honour. Siuift's Afifcel/jrics.

Aliena'tion. »./. [alienatio, Lat.]
I, The aft of transferring property.

This ordinance was lor the maintenance of their
lands in their pofterity, and for excluding all inno-
vation or aUctunicn thereof unto ftrangers.

Sfnfrr's State nf Irclavd
God put it into the heart ot one of our princes,
to give a check to fjcrilege. Her fuccefTour palTca
a law, which prevented all future alicKath'm of the
church revenues. Attcrlury

Great changes and alhvat'iwt of property, have
created new and great dependencies.

Stvift en Albert and Rome.

a. The ftate of being alienated ; as, the
Hate was wafted during its alienation.

3. Change of affection.

It is left but in dark memory, what was the
ground of his defeftion, and the tlicnathn of his
heart from the king. BacQn.

4. Applied to the mind, it means diforder
of the faculties.

Some things are done by man, though not

through outward force and impulfion, though not

againil, yet without their wills; as in aiirnation ot

• mind, or any like inevitable utter abfencc of wit

and judgment. Hookir.

Ali'ferous. adj. [from alazni/ero,'La.t.^
Having wings. Diil.

Ali'gikovs. aJj. [a//ffr, Xat.] Having
wings ; winged. Dii3.

ToAi.i'g&e. It. a. [from a, and %, to
lie down.] To lay ; to allay ; to throw
down ; to fubdue : an old word even
in the time ofSpenfer, now wholly for-
gotten.

-Thomalin, why fitten we fo.
As weren overwent with woe.
Upon fo fair a morrow ?
.The i'jyous time now nigheth fat,
That (hall "liggi this bitter bUil,
And Hake the uictcr foitow.

Sperf-r't ^aftcrali.

Ti Ali'ght. -j. n. [alihtan. Sax. af-lich-

ten, Dutch.]
I. To come down, and flop. The word
implies the idea of Uejcending ; as, of a
bird from the wing ; a travelW- from
his horfe or carriage ; and generally of
refting or flopping.

1 here jncicnt nlgiit arriving, did alight
From her high weary wa'ne. fa\ry Sluan.

There is alighiti at your gate
A young Venetian, Stho^Hp, Merch. ofVtnUe.
Slacknefi breeds worms ; but the furc traveller,
Though he atijhtt fometimes, ftill goeth on.

lUrhcrt.
Wh<n marching with his foot he walks till night ;
When with his hoife, he never will al'tght.

^ Detibam.

When Dedalus, to 9y the Cretan fliore,
Hi* he ivy limbs on jointed pinions bore j
To the Cumcan ciaft at length he came.
And here aligbllng built this coftly frame.

Drydtns /Enciii.
When he was admonilhed by his (ubjcft to de-
fcend,hecame down gen'ly, and circling in the air,
and finging to the ground. Like a lark melodi-
ous in her m';unting, and continuing her fong till
(he atighti ; ftili preparing for a higher flight at her
next faliy. Drydin.

When fini/h'd was the figl.t.
The y\€ion from their lufty fteeds a/ifbt.
Like them dilmounted all the warlike tra n.

Dryden.

Should a fpirit of fupcriour rank, a Granger to

human nature, alifht upon tie earth, «4ia! would

his mtions of us be ^ Mdlfin, Hf^eflalcr.

VOL.I.

A L I

2. It is ufed alfo of any thing thrown or
falling ; to fall upon.

But fli/rn;3 of Itor.ei from the proud temple'>
height
Pour down, and on our batier'd lielms al'igtt.

D:yJcn.

Ali'xe. adv. [from a and like.'\ With
refemblance ; v/ithout difference ; in the
fame manner ; in the fame form. In
fome exprefHons it has the appearance of
an adjedive, but is always an adverb.

Tie daricnefs liijeih not from thee; but the
night Ihinech as the Jay : the darknefs and the
light are both atite to thee. Pfalm cxxxix. I2.

With rhce converfing, I forget a!! time ;
All feafons, and their change, all pleafe atiie.

Paradifc Loft.
Riches cannot rcfcue from the grave.
Which claims alike the monarch and the flavc.

Dtydrn.

Let us unite at leaft In an equal zeal for thole

capital doftrines, which wc all equally embrace,

and are ahke concerned to maintain. Atterhttry.

Two handmaids wait the throne ; alike in place,

But dilTring far in figure and in face. Pojic.

A'LIMENT. «./. [alimentuoi, Lat.] Nou-
rilhment ; that which nourilhes ; nutri-
ment ; food.

New parts are added to our fubtlance ; and, 35
wc die, we are born daily : nor can we give an ac-
couiK, how the aliment \h prepared for nutrition, or
by what mechanifm it is diftributed.

Glanvilll's Sceffij Srientifica.

All bodies which, by the animal faculties, can
be changed into the fluids and fdidsof our boiiies,
are called alimcr.tt. In the Urged fcnfc, by alment,
1 underdand every thing which a human cjeaturt
takes in common diet; as, meat, drink; and fca-
foning, as, fait, fpice, vinegar. Arhulhmet.

AhtMt'KTAL. adj. [from aliment.] That
which has the quality of aliment ; that
which nourilhes ; that which feeds.

The fun, tliat light imparts to all, receives
From all his alimtntat rccompcnfe.
In humid cxlialations. Mihcn's Pared. Loft.

Except tliey be watered from higher regions,
thefe weeds mull lofc their alimenial fap, and wi-
ther. Brtnun.

Th' indirftrious, when the fun in Leo rides,
Forget not, at the foot of ev.-ry plant.
To fink a circling trench, and daily pour
A juft fapply of alimtatal ftreams,
Exliaufteo fap recruiting. Philips

Alime'ntally. adv. [from alime/ital.]
So as to ferve for notirifhmenr.

The fubftancc of gold is invincible by the pow-
crful'eft heat, and thit not only aiimentally in a
fubDantial mutation, but alfo medicamentally in
any corporeal converfion. Bn-un's Vulg. Eiroun.

Alimf/ntariness. n. /. [from alimen-
tary.] The quality of being.alimentary,
or of affording nourilhracnt. Di£i.

Ahme'ntary. adj. [fTOmali?nenl.]

1. That which belongs or relates to ali-
ment.

'I he folucion of the aliment by maftication is
nectfl'ary; withoutil, the aliment could notbedif-
pofed for the changes which it icceivcb as it palfeth
through the alimeBlary duel.

Arl'utlnat on Aliments.

2. That which has the quality of aliment,
or the power of nourilbing.

1 do not think that wjter lupj>lies animals, or
even plants, with nourilhment, but ferves for a
vehicle to the alimentary particles, to convey and
dilitibotc tnem to the levcral parts of the body.

Ray on ihc Creutijn.

Of armentary roots, fome are pulpy and v^ ry
nutritious ; as, turnips and carr \i. Thefe have
a fattening quality. AfbulLnU on Ailments.

A L K

AlIjMENTa'tion. «./. [from aliment.]

1. The power of affording aliment; the
quality of nouriftiing.

;. Tlie tete of being nourifl'.ed by affimi-
lation of matter received.

Wants do nouiifh; inanimate bodies do not: they
have an accretion, but no ahmcr.tat'toi:.

Bjcons 2\atural liif'iyry.

Alimo'nious. adj. [from alimmy.] That

which nourilhes : a word very little in ufc.

The plethora tenders us lean, by fui-jji-elfing our

fpirlts, whereby they are incapacitated of digelll] g

the alvncnicus humours into flefli.

Harvey on Confurrptions.

A'LIMONY. n.f. [alimonia, Lat.] Jli-
piony fignifies that legal proportion of
the hufoand's eftate, which, by the fen-
tence of the ecclefiaftical court, is aU
lowed to the wife for her maintenance,
upon the account of any feparation from
him, provided it be not caufed by her
elopement or adultery. Ayliffe's Parcrg.

Uefore they fettled hands and hearts,
Till a'.imany or death them parts. Hvdihra'-.

A'Liciy AKT. adj. [aliquatituj, Lat.] Parts
of a number, which, however repeated,
will never make up the number exaflly ;
as, 3 is an aliquant of 10, thrice 3 being
9, four times 3 making 12.

A'liqjjot. adj. [cliquot, Lat.] Aliquot
parts of any number or quantity, fuch
as will exaflly meafure it without any
remainder : as, 3 is an aliquot part of
12, becaufe, being taken four times,
it will juft meafure it.

A'lieh. adj. [from ale.] Refembling ale;
having qualities of ale.

Stirring it and beating down the yeaft, gives it
the fweet a/j/A talle. • Mortimer's Mf/iardiy.

A'liture. «./. [alitura, Lat.] Nourifh-
ment. DiS.

Ali've. adj. [from a and live]

1. In the ftate of life ; not dead.

Nor well ali've, nor wholly dead they were.
But fome faint ligns of feeble life appear. Dryden

Not youthful kings in battle feie'd alive.
Not fcornful virgins who their charms furvive.

Pope.

2. In a figurative fenfe, unextinguilhed ;
undeftroyed ; aiElive ; in full force.

Thofe good and learned men had reafun to wl/h,
that their proceedings might be favoured, and tlie
good affeftion of fuch as Inclined toward them, kept
alive. Hooker.

3. Cheerful ; fprightly ; full of alacrity.

She was not fo much alive the whole day, if fiie
(lept more tl]an fix hours. Clarijp:.

4. In a popular fenfe, it is ufed only to
add an emphafis, like the French du
Kionde ; as, the tejl man alive ; that is,
the bejl, with an cmphafis. This fenfe
has been long in ufe, and was once ad-
mitted into ferious writings, but is now
merely ludicrous.

And to thofe brethren faid, rife, rife by-live.
And unto battle do yourfelves addtcfi ;

For yonder comes the prowelt knight alive,
Frince Arthur, flower of grace and nobi'cfs.

Fairy Siueev.

The earl of Northumberland, wlio was the proud<
eft man almt, could noir look upon the deftruflioii
of monarchy with any pleafure. Clarendon.

John was quick and underflood bulincis, but no
man alive wajiuurc carelcli in looking into his ac-
c"U"ts. Arbuihrot.

A'l-KAHEST. n. f. A word ufed firft by

Paracelfus, and adopted by his follow-

1 ers

A L K

crs, to fignify an univerfal diflblvent,
or liquor which has the power of re-
folving all things iato their firft prin-
ciples.

'A L K A L E 's c E N T . adj. [ from aliali. ] That
which has a tendency to the properties
of an alkali.
All animal diet is alkaltfcat ox anti-acid.

Arhuthnst.

A'IKALI. K. / [The word alia/i coma
from an herb, called by the Egyptians
inli ; by us, glalTwort. ' This herb they
burnt to alhes, boiled them in water,
and, after having evaporated the water,
there remained at the bottom a white
fait ; this they calledya/ iali, or a/iali.
It is corrofive, producing putrefaction
in animal fubflances to which it is ap-
plied, jirbuthttot on Aliments.'] Any fub-
ftance which, when mingled with acid,
produces effervefcencc and fermenta-
tion.

A'lkaline. adj. [from alkali.] That
which has the qualities of alkali.

Any watery liquor will keep an animal from
ftarving very long, by diluting the fluids, and con-
fequcntly keeping them from an alkaliite (late.
People have lived twenty-four days upon nothing
but water. ' Arbuthmt.

To Alka'mzate. 'V. a. [from alkali.]
To make bodies alkaline, by changing
their nature, or by mixing alkalies with
them.

Alka'lizate. fl(?y. [from alkali.] That
which has the qualities of alkali; that
which is impregnated with alkali./

The odour ot the fixed nitre h very langi^d; but
that which it difcovers, being difiblvcd in hot
water, is different, being of kin to that of other
tlkalizate falts. Biylr.

The colour of violets in thei* fyrup, by acid li-
quors, turns red, and, by urinous and aJialixare,
turns green. Nnvlen.

Alk aliza'tion.w./. [fromalkali.] The
aft of alkalizatlng, or impregnating
bodies with alkali.
A'tKANET. «. /. [anchu/a, Lat.] The
name of a plant. This plant is a fpe-
cies of buglofs, with a red root, brought
from the fouthern parts of France, and
ufed in medicine. Miller.

JLKEKFNGI. „. /. A medicinal fruit
or berry, produced by a pKint of the
fame denomination ; popularly alfo call-
ed luinter- cherry ': the plant bears a near
refemblance to Solanum, or Night-
fliade ; whence it is frequently called
in Latin by that name, with the addi-
tion or epithet of 'vejicarium.

Chambers.
JLKE'RMZS. n.f. In medicine, a term
borrowed from the Arabs, denoting- a
celebrated remedy, of the confiflence of
a confeftion ; whereof the kermes ber-
ries are the bafis. The other ingre-
dients a;^ pippin-cyder, rofe-water,
fugar, ambergreafe, mufk, cinnamon,
aloes-wood, pearls, and leaf-gold ; but
the fwcets are ufually omitted. The
confeilit alkermes is chiefly made at Mont-
pelier. The grain, which gives it the
denomination, is no where found fo
plentifully as there. Chambers.

ALL

ALL. aJ}. [iEll, ^al, calls, all*. Sax.
oil, Wellh; al, Dutch; alle. Germ.
S^©-, Gr.]

1. Being the whole number ; every one.

Brutus is an honourable man j
So are thi-y all, all honourable men.

Shakeff. Jultus Cafar.

To graze the herb all leaving,

Devour'd each other. Miltcn'i Parad. Loft.

The grirat encouragement of «//, is the affurance

of a future reward. Tilloijtn.

2. Being the whole quantity ; every part.

Six days thou fhalt labour, and do all thy work.

Dmt, V. 13.

Political power, I take to be a right of making
laws with penalties, and of employing the force of
the community in the execution of luch laws, and
in the defence of the commonwealth ; and all \\\i,
only for the public good. Luke.

3. The whole quantity, applied to dura-
tion of time.

On thofe pallures chearful fpring
All the year doth fit and fing ;
And, rejoicing, fmiles to fee
Their green backs wear his livery. Crajha-w.

\. The whole extent of place;

Gratiano fpeaks an infinite deal of nothing,
more than any man in all Venice.

Shaktff. Merchant ofVanee.

All. fl</-i/. [See ALL, a^'.]
I . Quite ; completely.

How is my love all ready forth to come.

Spender.
Know, Rome, that all alone Marcus did fight
Within Corioli gates. Shaktffieart's Cariolanus.

He fworc fo loud.
That, all amaz'd, the prieft let fall the book.

Shakiffpeare.
The Saxons could call a comet a fixed liar, which
is all one v/\th Jlella criiiita, or ccmeta.

Camdtn's Remains.
For a large confcience is all one,
And fignifies the fame with none. tludibras.

Balm, from a filver box didill'd around,
Shall all bedew the roots, and fcent the facred
ground. Dry den.

I do not remember he any where mentions ex-
prefsly the title of the firlV-born, but all along
keeps himfelf under the fhelter of the indefinite
term, heir. Locke.

Jufticc may be furniflied out of fire, as far as her
fword goes ; and courage may be all over a conti-
nued blaze. Addi/on.

If e'er the mifer durft his farthings fpare,
He thinly fpreads them through the public fquire,
V/here, all befidc the rail, rang'd beggars lie.
And from each other catch the doleful cry. Gi:y.

z. Altogether ; wholly ; without any other
ctmfideration.

1 am of the temper of moft kings, who love to
be in debt, are all for prefent money, no matter
how they pay it afterward. Diydcn.

3. Only; without admiflion of any thing
elfe.

When I fhall wed,
That lord, whofe hand muft take my plight, fhall

carry
Half my Icivc with him, half my care and duty.
Sure 1 fhall never marry like my filler,
To love my father all. StakeJip. King Lear.

4. Although. This fenfe is truly Teuto-
nick, but now obfolete.

Do you not think th' accomplifhment of it
Sufficient work for one man's fimple head.
All were it as the refl but fimply writ. Sfenfcr.

5. It is fometimes a word of emphafis ;
nearly the fame with _/«/?.

A fhepherd's fwain, fay, did thee bring,
All as his ftriying flock he fed ;
And, when his hcnour hath thee read, ,

Crave pardon for thy liardyliead.

Spcnjtr'i Pafttrali.

ALL

6. It was anciently in Englllh what it !i
now in the other Teutoiiick dialcfls, a
particle of mere enforcement.

He thought them fixpcncea/Ztoo dear.

Seng tn ^balefpeart.
Tell us what occafion of import
Hatli all fo long dcta'in'd you from your wife.

^bakejpeart*

All. n.f.

1 . The whole ; oppofed to part, or no-
thing.

And will fhe yet debafe her eyes on me j
On me, whofe ail not equals Edward's moiety ?

Shakejpeartt
Nought's had, alfi fpent.
Where our defire is got without content.

Stakrfpeare's Mactetb,
The youth fhall ftudy, and no m-re engage
Their flattering wiihes for unceitain age ;
No more with fruitlefs care, and cheated flrfe,
Chace fleeting pleafure through the maze of life;
Finding the wretched all thiy here can have.
But prefent food, a:'.d but a future grave. Frier,
Our all is at flake, and irretrievably loft, if we
fail offuccefs. Addifal.

2. Every thing.

Then fhail we be news-cramm'd.— ^// the
better ; we fhall be the mote reourkable.

. Shakefpeart,

Up with my tent, here will I lie to-night;
But where to-morrow? — Well, aZ/'sone for that.

Shakefpeare,
All th^ fitter, Lcntulus : our coming
Is not for falutation ; we have bus'nefs.

. •^"' Jonfcn.

3. That js, e<vtry thing is the better, tbi
fame, the Jitter.

Sci-ptre and pow'r, thy giving, I afTume ;
And glad her fhall refign, when in the end
Thou fhalt be all in all, and I in thee, •^

For ever ; and in me all whom thou lov'ft.

Miltem,

They that do not keep up this indifTerency for
all but truth, put coloured fpeflacles before their
eyes, and look through falfe glalTes. Locke.

4. The phrafe and all is of the fame kind.

They all fell to work at the roots of the tree,
and left it fo little foothold, that the firft blaft of
wind laid it lac upon the giound, ncft, eagles,
«'"' "l'- VEjlrange.

A torch, fnufF and all, goes out in a moment,
when dipped in the vapour.

Addifon's Jiejaarks en Italy,

5. .^// is inach ufed in compofition ; but,
in moft inltances, it is merely arbitrary ;
as, all-commanding. Sometimes the words
compounded with it, are fixed and claf-
fical ; as. Almighty. When it is con-
nefted with a participle, it feems to be
a noun ; as, all-furrounding : in other
cafes an adverb; as, all-accomplijhed, or
completely accompliftied. Of thefe ccTt-
pounds, a fmall part of thofe which
may be found is inlerted.

All-bearing, adj. [from n/^and bear.]
That which bears every thing ; omni-
parous.

Thus while he fpoke, the fovereign plant he
drew,
Where on th' all-hearing earth unmark'd it grew.

Pcpe.
.^L L-c HE E R I N c. adj. [from a//aod cheer.'\
That which gives gayety and cheerful-
nefs to ail.

Soon as the all-cleerhg fun
Should, in the firtheft eaft, beg:n to draw
The fhady curtains from Aurora's bed. Shakelp.
All-commanding, adj. [from all and
command.] Having the fovereiiinty over
all. "

He

ALL

He now fets before them the high and (hining
«ioi of glory, tlie all^commtinditig image of bright
gold. Raldgb,

All-composing. aAj. [from «//and com-
pofe."] That which quitts all men, or
every thing.

Wrapt in embow'r'mg /hades, Ulyfles lies,
His woes forgot! but Pallas now adJreft,
To bre^k the bands of all'4mtp^fi"g reft. Fcpe.
ALL-cON(y;ERiKG. oAj. [from all and
conquer.^ That which fubdues every
thing.

Second of Satan fprung, aU-<cr:querlng death !
What think'ft thou of our empiie now ? Miltcn,

All-consuming. aJJ. [from all and
coitfume.'l That which confumes every
thing.

By age unbroke— but ai!-confum}ng care
Deftroji perhaps the ftrength that time would
fpare. Pujx.

All-devouring, adj. [from «// and tie-
'vcur.'] That which eats up every thing.

Secure from flames, from envy's fiercer rage,
Dcftruftive war, and all-devour'mg age. Pope.

All-fours, n. /. [from all and yi«r.]
A low game at cards, played by two ;
fo named from the four particulars by
which it is reckoned, and which, joined
in the hand of either of the parties, are
faid to make all-fours.

All hail. n. /. [from all and bail, for
health.'\ All health. This is therefore
not a compound, though perhaps ufually
reckoned among them ; a terra of falu-
tation. Salve, or/alvete,
ylil tuil, ye fields, where conftant peace attends !

j4JI hail, ye facrcd, folitary groves !
jIU bailf ye books, my true, my real friends,
Whofe convcrfation pleafet and improves I

All hallow. In./, [from all a.nd hal-
All hallows, j lo-Tv.'] All faints day;

the firtt of November.
All-h ALLOWN. ^(^^ [from all and hal-

loiv, to make holy.] The time about

All faints day.

Farewell, thou latter fpring ! farewell,
^li-ballvwn fummer. Sbakefp. Henry IV.

Allh ALLOWTi DE. 17. /. [See All-
HALLOWN.] The term near All faints,
or the firft of November.

Cut oft' the bough about M'ba/lciviiJe, in the
bare place, and fet it in the ground, and it will
grow to be a fair tree in one year.

MaeoKi Natural ff Iff try.

All-heal. n./. [pattax, Lat.] A fpecies

of irenzvcre ; which fee.
Ai.t-;uDGiNC. ar/J. [from e!l ^nAJitJ^e.'j

That which has the fovereign right of

judgment.

I look with horroiir back,
7 hat I deted my wretched feif, and curfe
"My pail polluted life, jill-judv'ng Hcuvon,
Who knows my crimes, has lecn my forrnw for
thein. Rrtl'e'i y'Jne S^ire.

A L L - K N ow ! N G. atlj . [from ail and iaint;.'\
Omnifcient ; all-wife.
Shall we repine at a little mifplaced charity,
we, who could no way foicfce the cffcft; when
an a/Z-itfiivrng, all-wife Being, rtiowers down every
day hit benefits on the unthankful and undef-rv-
ing ^ j^tifr/jury^s .Serw-.tiu

All-making, at/j. [from all ind maif.]
That created all ; omnifiek. See All-

SEEIKC.

All-powerful, ad/, [from all and

He
he

ALL

finver/ul.] Almighty ; omnipotent ;
pofleifed of infinite power.

O a!l-pG^vfrfu! Being! the leaft motion of
whofe will can create or deftroy a world j pity us,
the mournful friends of thy dillrened ffirvant.

S-w'ift.
All saints day. n. f. The day on
which there is a general celebration of
the faints. The firft of November
All-seer, 71. f. [from all and /Jc]
that fees or beholds every thing ;
whofe view comprehends all things.
That high All-jcir, which I dailied with.
Hath turn'd my feigned prayer on my head,
And giv'n in caraett what J begg'd in jcft.

&bakt-jpeare,

All-seeikg. adj. [from all and Jee."]
That beholds every thing.

The fame Firlt Mover certain bounds has plac'd,
How long thofc periiTiable forms fliall lad ;
Nor can they la!l beyond the time allign'd
By that all-fuing and all-niak'ing mind. Dryden.

All souls da v. «.y; The day on which
fupplications are made for all fouls by
the church of Rome ; the I'econd of
November.

This is all Jiuh day, fellows, is it not ?—
It is, my lord.—

Why then, allfauls day is my body's doomfday.

Sbakejpeart.

All-sufficient, adj. [from alt and
fupdeni.'\ Sufficient to every thing.

The telUmonies of God are perfect, the tefti-
monics of God are ali-Jtifficitnt unto that end for
which they were given. Hooker.

He can more than employ alt our powers in

their utmofV elevation ; for Jie is every way per-

feft and all-frfficieal. Narrii.

All-wise. adj. [from a// and ivi/i.] Pof-

feft of infinite wifdom.

There is an infiniti-, eternal, all-wife mind go-
verning the affairs of the world. Soutb.

Supreme, all-tvife, eternal, potentate !
Sole author, fole difpofer of our fate ! Prior

JLLANTO'IS, or ALLANTO'IDES. „.f.
[from aWxz;, a gut, and n^©-, fhape.]
The urinary tunick placed between the
amnion and chorion, which, by the
navel and urachus, or paflage by which
the urine is conveyed from the infant in
the womb, receives the urine that conies
out of the bladder. i^iiitcy.

To ALLA'Y. v. a. [from alloyer, Fr. to
mix one metal with another in order to
coinage ; it is therefore derived by fome
from a la loi, according 10 laav ; the
quantity of metr/Is being mixed ac-
cording to law ; by others, from allier,
to unite ; pe;lups from allocare, to put
together.]

1. To mix one metal with another, to
make it fitter for coinage. In this fenle,
mod authors preserve the original
French orrhograpliy, and write «//«/.
See Alloy.

2. To join any thing to another, fo as to
abate its predominant qualities. It is
uk'd commonly in a fenfc contrary to
its original meaning, and is, to make
fomething bad, Uf';. bad. To obtund ;
to reprcfs ; to abate.

Bring brt-u^^-.t into the open air,
I would (j//rfy rhe burning quality
Of that fell poifun. Shaitfptare.

No friendly offices (hall alter or allay that
rancour, tlut /Vets in foise UclUlli breaits, which,

ALL

upon all occnRons, will foam out at its foul mnoth
in llander and invciftive. Sourb.

3. To quiet; to pacify ; to reprefs. The
word, in this fenfe, I think not to be
derived from the French alloyer, but to
be the Bnglifh word lay, with a before
it, according to the old form. >

If by your art you have
Put the wild waters in this roar, allay them.

Shakcfptare.
Alla'y. n.f. [alloy, Fr.]

1. The metal of a bafer kind mixed in
coins, to harden them, that they may
wear lefs. Gold is allayed with filver
and copper, two carats to a pound
Troy ; filver with copper only, of v/hich
eighteen pennyweight is mixed v/ith a
pound. Convcll thinks the allay is add-
ed, to countervail the charge of coin-
ing ; which might have been done only
by making the coin lefs.

For fools are ftubborn in their way,
As coins are hardened by th' allay. Hudibras,

2. Any thing which, being added, abates
the predominant qualities of that with
which it is mingled ; in the fame man-
ner, as the admixture of bafer metals
allays the qualities of the firft mafs.

Dark colours eafily fuffer a fenlible allay, by
little fcattering light. Nenutori's Optirh*

3. Allay being taken from bafer metals,
commonly implies fomething worfe than
that with which it is mixed.

The joy has no allay of jcaloufy, hope, and fear.

Rojcommon.

Ai.la'yer. n.f. [from allay.'] The per-
fon or thing which has the power or
quality of allaying.

Phlegm and pure blood are reputed allayers of
acrimony : and Avicen countermands letting blood
in cholerick bodies } becaufe he efteems the blood
a freenum bills, or a bridle of gall, obtunding its
iicrimony and fiercenefs. Harvey.

Alla'yment, «. / [from rdlay.] That
which has the power of allaying or abat-
ing the force of another.

Irl could temporize with my afFeftion,
Or brew it to a weak and colder palate,
The like allas^ent would I give my grief. Shakefp,
Allega'tion, n.f. [from allege.^

1. Affirmation ; declaration.

2. The thing alleged or affirmed.

Hath he noti twit our fovereign lady here
With ignominious words, though darkly coucht ?
As if ]7ie had fuborned fome to fwear
Falfc allegafiom, to o'erthrow his ftate.

Siiah/ptart'i Her.ry VI.

J. An excufc ; a plea.

I omitted no. means to be Informed of my
err urs ; and I expetl not to be excufed in any
negligcnc; on account of youth, want of leifure,
or any otilfr i lie allegations. Pope.

To ALLE'GE. •v. a. [nllego, Lat.]

1. To afnrm ; to declare ; to maintain.

2. To plead as an excufe, or produce as
.an argument.

Surely the prcfent form of church-government

is fuch, as n.-i l.nv of CioJ, or rcafoa ofmim,

hath hitherto been alleged of force luflicieut to

prove they do ill, who, to the utmoft of tlo-ir

power, withfland the alt'.-ration thereof. Uooher.

If we forfake the ways of grace or gnodneft,

we cannot alligc any colour of ignorance, or

want ot inftrudion j wc cannot fay we have not

' learned tlwm, or we could not. Sprat.

He hith a clear and full view, and there is no

more to be alleged for bis better information.

Z^ele.
I 2 ALLs'cEABLii.

* T T

/I SL. L<

AtLE'cEAntF. atfj. [from allr^e.] That
which may be alleged.

Upm this inrcrprft.it.on all rosy t-c fo'vpd, that

IS ttllrftttbte agawifi it« Br'^wn's l\lfar Err'iurs.

Alle'cement. n. /. [from allege.'^ The

fame with allegation. DiO.

A:.leV.er. It. J', [horn allege.'] He that

alleges.

Tlie narrative, if we bdicv^ it as confidfntly as
the fam'^us allfger of it, Pamghilio, appcirs to i-^.
would argue, that there is no other principle re-
quifite, tlian what may rel'ult from the lucky
iiiixture of fcveral bodies. BifU.

Alle'giance. «./. [alhgeancc, Fr.] The
duty of fubjefts to the government.

I did pluck alliziance from mrn's hearts,
Loud Ihouts and Ulutations from their mouths,
£vea in the prefcnce of the crowned king.

Sbakeffj(are,

We cha ge you, on allfgiance to ourfclves,
To hold your Haughtering hands, and keep the
peace. Stairffeare.

The houfe of commons, to whom every day
petitions are dlreflcd by the feveral counties of
Fngland, profefling all altegUrtce to them, govern
abfohicily ; the lords concurring, or rather fub-
mitting to whatfoever is propofeJ. Clarendcn.

Alle'giant. ar^'. [from allege.'\ Loyal;
conformable to the duty of alhgiance:
a word not now ufeJ.

For your great graces
Heap'd upon m?, po:ir undsferver, 1
C.^n noching render but alli'g'tart thanks.
My pvay'ri to heaven tor you. S}-iiif'f>, Hen. Vtll.

Alleco'rick. ai^. [fromr.M.gory.] After
the manner of an allegory ; not real ;
not literal.
A kingdom they portend thee ; but what king-
dorn,
Real or al/e^mci, I ditern rot. Mi'fcn.

Allego'rical. a.|y. [from alhgory.] In
the form of an allegory ; not real ; not
literal ; myffical.

When our Saviour fiid, in an a'lcg'r'tcal and
xnyilicai fenfe, Except ye eat the ^t'/h of thj Son
of Man, and drinlc his blo-^-d, ye havi no life in
you \ the heaiers underflood him literally anil
grofsly. Benihy.

The epithet of .^po'lo for (hootirg. is capable
of two applications ; one liter.il, in rcfpcdl of the
da'-ts and b..w, the en.G^ns of that god; the other
alltgwica!, in regard fj the rays -/fthe fun. Popr.
Alt ego'rically. a^-v. [from allegory.]
After an allegorical manner.

Virgil often makes Iris ih; mcffcngcr of Juno,
tB.gaicaHy taken fur the air. Peactiim.

'Ihc phice is to be undeift-^od alU'girksiUy ; and
what is thus fpoken by a Hb.-«ician w:th wifdom,
is, by the Puct, applied to the goidefs of ir. Popt.

Alleoo'ricalness. n. /. [from allego-
rical.] The quality of being allego-
rical. Dicl.

To A'llecorize. t. a. [from allegory.]
To turn into allegory ; to form an alle-
gory ; to take in a fenfe not literal.

He hath very wittily a//egorix^ this tree, al-
lowing his fuppofition of the tree itfelf to be :r..e.

Ra.Uigt.

As fome would alligor'me thefe figns, fo others
W5uld confine them to the deftruiSion of Jeru-
falem. Burnetii Theory.

An alchymifl (hall reduce divinity to the max-
ims of his laboratory, explain morality by fal,
fulphur, and mercury ; and atlegcrixe the fcriptuie
itielf, and the faced myderics thereof, into the
pliiloforh^r'«i ftcne. Locke.

A'LLEGORY. n./. [iAXr,705',«.l A figu-
rative difcourfc, in which fomcthing
other h intended, than is contained in
tlie words literaJly taken ; as, -wealth

ALL

;/ the daughter ef diligence, and the pa-
rent of authority.

Neiiirer niuft wc draw rut our alhgory too
long, left clrher we make ouifelves obfcure, or
fall into aO'e£tation, which is childilh. Ben. yonfor,.
This word nympha meant nothing tlfe but, by
nl'ugwy, the veget.itivf. huriMur or moifturc that
ij rckeneih and givctb lite to trees and flowers,
w!ietely -l-.'-y gr;^v.', Peacham.

ALLE'GRO. n. /. A word denoting one
of the fi.x diftinftions of lime. It ex-
prefles a fprightly motion, the quicketl
of all, except I'refto. It originally
means gay, as in Milton.
ALLELUJAH. n.f. [This word is falfely
written for Hallelujah, ihh'n and n'.]
A word of fpiritual exultation, ufed in
hymns ; it fignifics, Praife God.

He will fet his tongue to thofc pious divine
ftrains, which may be a proper praeludium to thofe
alUlujahi he hopes eternally to fing.

G'i'crnmcnT ofthf Tcrrvue.

ALLEMA'NDE. n.f. [Ital.] A grave kind
of mufick.] DiSl.

To ALLE'VIATE. -v. a. [allevo, Lat.]

1 . To make light ; to eafe ; to foftenr

The pains taken in the fpeculative, will much
alleviate me in defcribing the pra^ic part.

Harvey.

Moft of the dillempers are the effects of abufed
plenty imd luxury, and muft not be charged upon
our Maker; who, notwiththmding, hath provided
excellent medicines, to alleviate thofe evils which
we bring up.in ourfelves. Bentley,

2. To extenuate, or foften ; as, he alle-
wiales his fault by an excufe.

Allevi a'tion. n.f. [from alleviate.]

1. The a£l of making light, of allaying,
or extenuating.

All apologies tor, and oUeviatiom of faults,
though they are the heights of humanity, yet
they are not the favours, but the duties of friend-
(hip. South.

2. That by which any pain is eafed, or
fault extenuated.

This lofs of one fifth of their income will fit
heavy on them, who thall feel it, without the al-
lei.iali:n of any profit. Locke.

A'lley. n.f. [allee, Fr.]

I. A walk in a garden.

And all within were walks and allrys wide.
With footing worn, and leading inward far.

Spenfer.

Wheie alleys arc clofc gravel'ed, the eatth put-

teth forth the firft year knorgrafs, and after fpirc-

grafs. Bacon i Natural Hijiijry.

Yonder alleys green,
Our walk at noon, with branches overgrown.

'- Miltr^n.

Come, my fair love, our morning's talk we lofe ;
Some labour ev'n the eafie.^ life would choofe :
Ours is not great; the dangling bows to crop,
Whofc too luxuriant growth our uileyi rtop. Dryd.

The thriving plants, ignoble bror.mfticks ma,lc,
Now fwccp thofe alleys they were born to ihaJe.

Pope.

1. A paflfage in towns narrower than a
ftreet.

A back friend, a Ihouldcr clapper, one that
commands the palfages of alleys, creeks, and nar-
row lands. Shakr/feare.

Alli'ance. ft. f. [alliance, Fr ]

I. The ftate of connexion with another
by confederacy ; a league. In this fenfe,
our hillories of Queen Anne mention
the grand alliance.

z. Relation by mariiagt?.

A blo)dy Hymen fha.l th' fl//fdflf« join
Bclw.xt tlic Trojan and th' Aufoolan line. Dryd.

ALL

J. Relation by any form of kindred.

For my father's fak-.
And, for alliar.ci' fake, declare the caufe
My father loft his head. Shakijf. Henry IV.

Adraftus foon, with gids averfr, ih.ill join
In dire eiHiarce with the Tin-ban line ;
Thence ftrite ihail rife, and mortal war fucceed.

Pcpe.
\. The aft of forming or contrafting re-
lation to another ; the ail of making a
confederacy.

Dorfct, y:>ur fon, that with a feirful fjul
Leads difcontented fteps in foreign foil.
This fair alliance quickly fliall call home ,
To high promotions. Shakrfp. Richard III.

5. The perfons allied to each Other.

I would not boall the gi-eitnc.'^s of my father,
But point out new alliances to Cato. Mdifin,

Alli'ciency. n. f. [allicio, Lat. to en-
tice or draw.] The power of attrafting
any thing ; magnetifm ; attraftion.

The feigned central allieimey is but a word, and
the manner of itiWl occult. GLnville.

To A'LLIGATE. -j. a. [alligo, Lat.] To

tie one thing to another ; to tmite.
Allica'tion.h./ [ from alligate. ]

1 . The aft of tying together ; the ftate of
being fo tied.

2. The arithmetical rule that teaches to
adjuft the price of compounds, formed of
feveral ingredients of different value.

Alliga'tor. a,/. The crocodile. This
name is chiefly ufed for the crocodile
of America, between which, and tJiat of
Africa, naturalills have laid down this
difference, that one moves the upper,
and the other the lower jiw ; but this
is now known to be chimerical, the
lower jaw being equally moved by both.
See Crocodile,

In his needy (hop a toitoifeTiung,
An al'lgator ftufPd, and other Ccins
Of ill-lh.ip'd fillies. Sbtktffeart.

Aloft in rows large poppy-heads were ftrung.
And here a fcaly aliigjtjr hung.

drib's Difpinl'r.ry.

A'l. LIGATURE, n.f [from alligate'.] The
link, or ligature, by which two things
are joined together. ' DiH,

.A L L I's 1 0 N . n.f. [alii Jo, alU urn, Lat.] The
aft of llriking one thing agai.nil ano-
ther.

There have not been any iflinds of note, or c<>n.
fiderable extent, torn and ca'l oli' from the conti-
nent by earthi^uakes, or fevered from it by the
boilkrous a!'ifi,n of the fea. tVoodward.

Allitera'tion. «. / [aJ and litera,
Lat.] Of what the critics call the alii,
teration, or beginning of feveral words in
the fame verfe with the fame letter, there
are inllances in the oldeft and bed wri-
ters, as.
Behemoth biggeft born.

Milton's Paradife Loji,
Alloca'tion. n.f. [alloco, Lat.]

1 . The aft of putting one thing to ano-
ther.

2. The admiffion of an article in reckon-
ing, and addition of it to the account.

3. An allowance made upon an account ;
a term ufed in the Exchequer.

Chambeisi
Allocu'tion. n.f. [allocuiio, Lat.] The

aft of fpeaking to another.
Allo'dial. adj. [fjom allodium.] Held

without

r

ALL

without any acknowicJ~tnent of fuperio-
rity ; not feudal ; independent.

ALLODIUM. K.f. \k word of very un-
certain derivation, but moll probably of
German original.] A poiTellion held in
abfolute independence, without any ac-
knowledgment of a lord paramount. It
is oppoled to fee, or feidum, which inti-
rcates f'omc kind of dependence. 1 iiere
are no allodial lands in England, all
being held either mediately or imme-
diately of the king.

Allo'nge. n.f. [ailonje, Fr.]

1. A pafs or thruil with a rapier, fo called
from the lengthening of the (pace taken
up by the fencer.

2. It is likewife taken for a long rein,
when the horfe is trotted in the hand.

To Allo'o. v. a. [This word is gene-
rally fpoken halloo, and is ufed to dogs,
when they are incited to the chace or
battle ; it is commonly imagined to
come from the French allons ; perhaps
from all lo, look all ; (hewing the ob-
jeft.] To fct on ; to incite a dog, by
crying alLo.

yjllc'j thy f. rirua maflifF; bid him vex
The noxioj^ h-^rd, and print u't>on their cars
A fad m:mo-ial of their paft offence. Pli'if!.

A'lloqj;v. ». yr [allDjuiam, Lzt.] The
aft of fpeaking to another ; addrefs ;
converfation. Dici.

To ALLO'T. -v. a. [from /o/.]

I. To dillfibute by lot.

■2. To grant.

Five d:!js we dj alJat rhec for provifion,
To fliic!d thee from cifafters of the winld ;
And, on tlic fmh, to fjr.i thy h ited tjck
Upon our kingdom. Sbakefj), King Lear,

I (h.\\\ defcrve my fate, if [ refute
That bappy hour which heaven allots to peace*

Dry den.

3. To diftribute ; to parcel out ; to give
each his Ihare.

S^ncc fame was the only end cf all their ftii-
dies, a man cannot be tii fcrupulous in at'cnir.g
them their due prrtion of it. Ta:Icr.

Allo'tment. n.f. [from allot.]

1. TTiat which is allotted to any one ; the
part, the (hare, the portion grafted.

There can be no thcught of f; • .;y or quiet ir
thij uorld, but in a refignation co ihr a/Utnimu
of God and nature. L^Fflrange,

Thcu_h i: is ocr duty to fubmitwith patience
to mo e kancy atlfitmtnii, yet thus much we may
reafanabiy mi lawfully alk of Cod.

Sogeis'i Sertnmi.

2. Part appropriated. '

It is laid C'„c into a grove for fruits and (hade, a
Tinfyarc, and an alktmetti for olives and herts.

Brcome.

Ai-i.o'tter Y. ». /. [from allot.] That
which ij granted to any particular
perfon in a dillributicn. See Allot-
ment.

A How .-ne fuch exercifcs as may became a gentle-
man, or give me the poor allotttrj my father left
me by tell.Tm-r.t. Stat'/fcar/.

To ALLOW. "J. a. [alliuer, Fr. from «/-

laudare, Lat.]
I. To admit ; as, to allcui a podtion ;
not to contradifl ; not to oppole.

The principles which ail mankind alkiu for
true, are innate; thofe, that men of right rejfon
admit, arc the principles allm>ii\^ all mankind.

Ln.it.

ALL

Th*^ pow'r of mufick all our hearts cliiv;
Ard what Timothcus v.as, is Diyuen now. Tcpe.

That fome of the PreJbyterians declared openl)
agaiurt the king's murder, 1 aikiu to be true.

Ziij'ift.

2. To jnilify ; to maintain as right.

The pow'rs above
Alhvj obedience. Shakfjptare.

The Lord allowtlh the righterus. Bible.

3. To grant ; to yield ; to own any one's
title to.

V\e will nor, in civility, alloiv too much fin-
cerity t'"> the profeifions of molt men ; but tliink
their actions to be interpreters or their thoughts.

Lo:kc.

T {hall be ready to alkio the pope as little p.nvrr
here as yiu pleafe. i^ivift.

4. To grant licenfe to ; to permit.

Let's follow the olj earl, and get the beldam
To lead him where he would ; his roguiih mad-

nefs
yUlmii i!fe'f to any thing. Stc! efpet^re.

But as we were alli'.i'ed of God to be put in
truft with the gofpef, even to we ("peak, not as
plealing men, but t^od, which trieth our hnrts.

1 rkcf ii. 4.

They referred all hws, that wore to be palTed in
Ireland, tJ be conilJered, correSed, and at/ctorii
firrt by the itatc of E.>^land. Vifjiiscn Jre^'ai.J,

3. To give a fanftion to ; to authorise.

1 here is no flandcr in an a!it/tv\i fool. Sbakijp.

6. To give to; to pay to.

Ungi a'.efu! then ! it wc no tears al/mu
To him that gave us peace and empire t?o.

fTal/er.

7. To appoint for ; to fet oat tb a certain
ufe ; as, he allovicJ his fen the third
part of his income.

8. To make abatement, or provifion ; or
to (cttle any thing, with Ibme concef-
fions or cautions regarding fomething
elfe.

If we conGder the different occalions of ancient
and modern medals, we fliall find thev botli ag ee
in recording the great anions and fucceflijs in
war ; a/hiaing ftiU for the differei.t ways of mak-
ing it, and the clrcumDanccs that attended it.

AUdifin.
Allo'wable. aifj. [from alloiv.]

1 . That which may be admitted without
contradiftioii.

It is not altvivable, what is obfervable in many
pieces of Raphael, where Magdalen is reprefented,
ber'ore our Saviour, walhirg his feet on her knees j
which will not confill with the t-'xt.

Brvwni Vulgar Erroun.

2. That which is permitted or liceiifed ;
lawful ; net forbidden.

In adtions of this fort, the light of nature a-

Irnc may difcover that which is in the fight 01

God alh-.valle. linker.

I was, by the freedom jHytvabie among friends,

tempted to vent my thoughts with aegligencc.

B-.yle.
Reputation becomes a fignal and a very peculiir
blefti g to magiftrates ; and their purfu!t of it ii
not only alLiuoble but laudable.

Atrertiiry's Sertrxni,
Allo'wableness. a./, [from alloiua-
tli.] The quality of being allowable;
lawfulnefs ; exemption from prohibi-
tion.

Lots, as to their nature, ufe, and aUc^vablemfs,
in matters of recreation, are indeed impugned by
Ibme, though better defended by others.

South^s Sermort,
Allo'wance. 1./. [from allciu.]
I. AdmilTion without contradiftion.

'1 hat which wifd'jm did firft begin, and hath
been with good mca long continued, challengetb

ALL

allitvance of them that fuccecd, although it pTead
for itfelf nothing. Hc.ier,

>Mthi>ut the notii'n and alh-uiaree of (pirits,
our philofnphy will be lame and defcflive in one
main part of it. Lccke,

2. Sanction ; licenfe ; authority.

Vcu fcrit a large commiflicn to conclude.
Without the king's will, rr the Hate's alh-wance,'
A lea^jUe bctwctn his Highoelsand Ferrara.

Shakefpeert,

3. Permiflion ; freedom from reftraint.

Thry (hcuij therefore be accuftonicd betimes to
corfult and make ufe of their rcafon, before they
give alhivjitce to their irclinations, L ih,

4. A fettled rate, or appointment for any
ufe.

1 he vliflual in piartatiofts ought to be expended
almoil as in a beiieged town; that is, with certain
aiUxrance. Baccru

And his alicivance was a continual alh'wsrtii
g'vcn liim of the king ; a daily rate for every day
all his life. ' . - 2 K.rp.

5. Abatement from the llrift rigour of a
law, or demand.

1 he whole pccip, though written in heroic!::
verfp, is of the Pindarick natuic, as well in tll^
tnrught as the expieflion ; and, as fuch, requiics
the lame grains of a/Uiuance for ir. Drydtr;,

I'arents never gm alLivance: for an innccent
pafiion. i'li'i/r.

6. Eftablifhed charaftcr ; reputation.

His bark is ftoutly timbered, a id his pilot
Of veiy expert and approved allc^vance, Shakefp,

Ali.o'y. fi./. [See Allay.]

1 . Bafer metal mixed in coinage.

'I hat precife weight and fincnels, by law ap-
propriated to the pieces of eacli dcnominatl^'n, is
caiied the llandard. Fine filver is filver without,
tlie mixture oC any bafcr metal. AlUy is baTer nne-
tal mixed with It. Locke.

Let anoihcr piece be c^ned of the fame weightjf
wherein half the filver is taken cut, and copper,
or other fl//oy, pilt into tlie place, it will be worth
but half as much ; for tiie value of the alloy is fa
inconfiderable as not to be reckoned. Locke,

2, Abatement ; diminution.

The pleafuies of (enfc are probably reiiflied by

beafts in 3 more exquifite degree than they are by

men ; for they tafte them finceie and pure without

mixture or alley. Atterl'Ury,

Allube'sce-VCY. ff. y. [alluie/eeatia,

Lat.] Willingnefs ; content. Die/.'

To ALlU'DE. -j. n. \nUudo, Lat.] To

have fome reference to a thing, without

the direct mention of it ; to hint at ; to

infinuate. It is ufed of perlbns ; as, he

alludes to an old Jlory ; or, of things,

as, the lampoon alludes to his mother's

faults.

Thcfe fpeeches of Jerom and Chryfoflom do
fecm to allude unto luch miniltcrial garments as
were then in ufe. Hooker,

True it is, that many things of th's natuie be
a/ludtd unto, yea, many things declared. Hooker,
Then j uft proportions were taken, and cveiy thing
placed by we-ght and mcafure : and this 1 doubt
not wai that artificial flruflure here alluded to.

Burm'Cs Theory*
Allu'minor . ff.y; [allumer, Fr. to light.]
One who colours or paints upon paper
or parchment ; becaul'e he gives graces,,
light, and ornament, to the letters or
figures coloured. Coiuell.

To ALLLJ'RE. 'V, a, [leurer, Fr. looren,
Dutch ; bdls)-.4n. Sax.] Toentici- toany
. thing whether, good or bad ; to draw to-
wards any thing by enticement.

Unto laws that men make for the benefit of
men, it hath fectned always needfil to add re-
wards, which may more allure unto good, than
9 •njr

ALL

A L M

A L M

any hardnefs detemth from it ; and puniUjments,
M'hii^h may more deter from evil, th>n any fwcet-
ocli thcict.i allurcth. Hooker.

The golden fun, in (plendoiir likeft heav'n
jil.w'ii his eyf. AL/ton'i PuradifcLiJi-

Each flacc'ring hofc, and each aliurir.g joy.

Lyitlitcn,

Ali.u'rf. 1. f. [from the verb allure.']
Something fct up to entice birds, or
other things, to it. We now write lure.
I he tathct to train th m to his allure, he told
the.Ti both otKni ^\\i with a vehement voice, how
they vi'cre over-topped and trodden down by g'n-
itcmeM. IIiiytL'ttfit.

All u'rement. n./. [from allure.] That
which allures, or has the force of allur-
ing i enticteent ; temptation of plea-
fure.

A^-ninft a/'urcmrnt, cuftom, and a world
Oti'eiiJed i t'carlci's of reproach, and fcorn.
Or vioifncc. Alihoni Paradiff Lrji.

— .Adam, by his wife's alluremM, tVll.

X Pitrad'ljc Regain f J.

To (hun th' tlhrcmevt'n not Jiard

To niindt refuivM. turew.irn'd, and well prvpar'd ;

But wond'ious diilkult, when once bcfet.

To fttugjle through the firaits, and break th' in-

lo.ving net. Dryiitn,

Ai-lu'rer. n.f. [(rom allure.] Theper-

fon that allures ; enticer ; inveigler.
Allu'ri KGLY.art'x'. [from allure.] In an

alluring manner ; enticingly.
Ali.u'ri N GNESS. n.f. [from alluring.]
The quality of alluring or enticing ; in-
vitation ; temptation by propofing plea-
fure.
Allu'sion". n. /. [allufio, Lat.] That
which is fpoken with reference to fome-
thing fuppofed to be already known, and
therefore not exprclfej ; a hint : an im-
plication. It has the particle to.

Here are manifeft olhf.ons and footfteps of the
difliflufion ni the earth, as it was in the deluge,
and will be in ir^ bll ruin. Burners Theory.

'1 his hft allafii"! gall'd the Panther more,

Becaufe indeed it ri;b'/'d upon the fore. Dryden.

Expreffions now out of ufe, nUuJions to cuftoms

loft to us, and varitms particularities, muft neeJs

continue fcveral paHjgts in the dark. L'jcke.

Ai.Lu'siVE. adj. [alludo, allufum, Lat.]
Hinting at fcmething not fully e.vprefled.

Where the exprcflirn in one place is plain, and
the fenfe affixed to it ai;recab!e to the proper force
of the words, and no negative objeilion requires
uj to depart from it ; and the exprcflion, in the
other, is figurative or cUuJ\-vc^ and the do£lrinc,
ile.'luccd from it, liable to r^reat obj;;flJons ; it is
Tcafcinable, in this litter place, to reftrain tbe ex-
tent of the figure and ailuiiun to a confiiiency with
the former. Robert's So Mens.

Ai-Lu'si VELY. a^v. [from alliiji've.] In
an allufive mmner ; by implication j by
inSnuation.
The Jewifli nation, that rcjefled and crucified
.him, within the compafs of one generation, v\crr,
according to his p.edi^rion, dellroyed by the Ro-
nians, and pieycd upon by thofe eagles (Afjir
jtr.'tv. 28.), by which, ailujively, are noted liic Ro-
man armies, whofe enCgn was th: eajjlc.

Uammcrtd.

Ai.i.u'sivENESs. rt. f. [from alLfiije.]

The quality of being allufive.
Allu'vion. »._/". \_nlliivio, Lat.)
I. The carrying of any thing to fcmething

elfe by the motion of the water.
a. The thing carried by water to fome-

thing elf-.

Ihc civil law gives the owner of land a rigfit to

dut incieafe which ari/esfrum alluvion, wluch is

defined an infeniible increment, brought by the
water. Cowell.

Allu'vidus. aJj. [from allwvion.] That
which is carried by water to another
place, and lodged upon fcmething elic.

To ALLY', -v. a. [alliir, Fr.]

1. To unite by kindred, friendlhip, or
confederacy.

All thefe fcpcs are allied to the inhabitants of the
North, fo as there is no hope that they will e>cr
ferve faithfully agjinit them. i'feajer on Ireland.

Wants, frailties, paHions, dofer ftill ally
The common int'reft, or endear the tye. Pofe.

To the fun el/y'd.
From him they draw the animating fire. Thctnjen.

2. To make a relation between two things,
by fimilitude, or refemblance, or any
other means.

Two lines are indeed remotely allied to Virgil's
fenfe ; but they arc too like the tcndcrners of
Ovid. Dryden.

Ally', n.f. [nllie, Fr.] One united by
feme means of connexion ; as marriage,
friendlhip, confederacy.

He in court ftood on his own feet; for the moft
of his allies rather leaned upon him than Hiored
him. H^ofun.

We could hinder the acceflion of Holland to
France, either as fubjedls, with great immunities
for the encouragement of trade, or as an inferiour
and dependent ally under their protection. Terr.ple.

JLMACA'NTAR. n. f. [An Arabick
word, written varioully by various au-
thors ; by D'Herbelot, almocantar ; by
others, almucantar.] A circle drawn pa-
rallel to the horizon. It is generally
ufed in the plural, and means a feries of
parallel circles drawn through the feve-
ral degrees of the meridian.

Alm aca'ntar's Staff, n. f. An in-
Urument commonly made of pear-tree
or box, with an arch of fifteen degrees,
ufed to take obfervations of the fun,
about the time of its riling and fetting,
in order to Jind the amplitude, and con
fequently the variation of the compafs.

Chambers.

A'lmakack. ». f. [Derived, by fome,
from the Arabick al, and manah, Heb. to
count, or compute ; by others, from al,
Arabick, and ^))», a month, or (/.ix»«>!oc,
the courfe pf the months ; by others, frciT!
a Teutonl:k original, al and maan, the
moon, an account of efery moon, or
month: all of them are probable.] A
calendar ; a book in v;hich the revolu-
tions of the fcafons, with the return of
feafts and falls, is noted for the enfuing
year.

It will be faid, this Is an ainuir.ack for the old
year; all hath been vvcUj Spain hath not aiTaikd
this kingjom. Baron.

'J his illrologer made his almanack give a tolcia-
ble account <if the weather, by a iXreSl iuverfioii
of the common prognofticators.

GovcrnmenI of tie Tciigue.

Beware the woman too, and (hun her fight,
Who in thefe ftudies docs herfeif delight ;
By whom a greafy almarack is borne,
With often hand.. fg, like chaft amber worn.

Dryden

I'll have a fafting almanack printed on purp^le
for her ufe. Dryden^t Spanijh Friar .

J'LMJNDINE. n. f. [Fr. almandina,
Ital.] A ruby coarfer and lighter than

the oriental, and nearer the colour of
the granate. DiH.

Alm I'cHTi NESS. n.f. [from almighij.]
Unlimited power ; omnipotence ; one of
the attributes of God.

It fcrveth to the woild for a witnefs o( his al-
mighiircfi, whom we outwardly honour with the
cbiefeli of cutward things. Hocker,

In creating and making exillcnt the world uni-
verfjl, by the abfolute a£l of his own word, Co4
Viewed his power and almightinejs.

air tValtcr Raleigh.

In the wildemefs, the bittern and the dork, the
unicorn and the elk, live upon his proviHons, and
revere his power, and feel the foicc of his aimi^b-
tincfi. Tayjtr.

Almi'ghty. adj. [from all and mighty.]
Of unlimited power; omnipotent.

The Lord apjeared unto Abraham, and fald
unto him, I am the almighty God; walk before
me, and be thoa perfeft. Cemjit xvii. i.

He wills you in the name oi God almighty.
That you djvcft yourfclf, and lay apart
1 he borrow'd glories, that, by gift of heav'n,
By law of nature and of nations, 'long
To him and to his hei s. Slake fjreare,

.■^'lmon'd. n. /. [amand, Fr. derived by
Menage from amandala, a word in low
Latin ; by others, from Allcmand, a Ger-
man ; fuppofing that almonds come to
France from Germany.] The nut of the
almond tree, either fweet or bitter.

Pound an almond, and the clear white' colour
will be altered into a dirty one, and the fweet tafte
into an oily one. Locke*

A'lmond tree. ». yC [amygdalus, Lat.]
It has leaves and flowers very like thofe
of the peach tree, but the fruit is longer
and more comprefled ; the outer green
coat is thinner and drier when ripe, and
the (hell is not fo rugged. Miller,

Like to an almond tree, mounted high
On top of Green Selcnis, all alone.
With blollbms brave bedecked daintily,
Whofe tender locks do tremble every one,
At every little breath that under heav'n is blown. '

Fairy •^een,

Mark well the flow'ring almonds in the wood j
If od'rous blooms the bearing branches load.
The glebe will anfwzr to the fylvan reign.
Great heats will follow, and laige crops of grain.

Dryd.n.

A'lmonds op the throat, or Ton-
sils, called improperly Almonds of the
ears, are two round glands placed on
the fides of the bafis of the tongue, un-
der the common membrane of the fau -
ces ; each of them has a large ov,aI
finus, which opens into the fauces, and
in it are a great number of lefler ones,
which difcharge thcmielves through the
great finus 0/ a mucous and llippery
matter into the fauces, larynx, and cefo-
phagus, for the moiftening and lubri-
cating thofe parts. When the a-fopha-
.gus mufcle afts, it compreflfes the al-

, mondi, and they frequently are the occa-
fion of a fore tliroat. ^incy.

The tonlil<, or aimttnds of the ears, are alfo
fre:juently fwclled in the kmg's evil j wfiich tu-
mour may be very well reckoned a fpecies of it.

ff^ijeman^s Surgcjy,

A'lmond-furnacc, or A'lman-fu r-
KACE, called alfo the Snveep, is a pecu-
liar k nd of furnace ufed in refining, to
feparate m.:tals from ciaders and other
foreign fubliances. Chambers.

A'LMOKtR,

A L M

A'lmoser., or A'lmwer. n. f. \eleemofy-
ntirius, Lat.] The officer of a prince,
or other perfon, employed in the diftri-
bution of charity.

1 enquired tor an almctrer'j and the general fame
has pointed out your reverence as the worthie:t
mm. Drjticv

Ai'MONRY. n. f. [from almoner.^ The
place where the almoner relides, or
where the aim? are dii^ributed.

AlMo'sT. ad-v. [from all and tnojl ; that
'\%, moft part of all. Skinner J\ Nearly;
well nigh ; in the next degree to the
whole, or to univerfality.

Who is there alwjf, whole mind, at fome time
or other, luve or anjcr, fear or grief, has not fo
fiiSened to fome clog, that it could not turn itfe'.c
to any otltcr objefl. Locke,

There can be no fuch thing or notion, as an a/
tnyji infinite' ; there can be nothing next or fecond
to an omnipotent God. Btntley'i S^mcn:,

Atlai becomes unequal fo his freitjh:.
And almtfi faints beneath the glowi.^g weight.

Addtjon*

ALMS. n. f. [in Saxon, elmej-, from
eUemofyna, Lat.] What is given gra-
tuitoully in relief of the poor. It has
no fingular.

My arm'd knees.
Which bow'd but in my (lirrup, bend like his
■That hath received an j!mi. SbakeJl>€are.

The poor beggar hath a juft demand of an utmj
from the rich man ; who is guilty of frauJ, injul-
tice, and opprcflion, if he does not atfurd relief ac-
cording to his abilities. Sivift,
Alms-basket. «./. [from a/;n/ and baf-
kel.'] The baflcet in which provifions are
put to be given away.

There fweepings do as well.
At the bell order'd meal ;
For who the relifll of thefe guefts will fit.
Needs fet them but the almi-bajktt of wit.

Ben yotij^fi.
We'll (land up for our properties, was the beggar's
fong that lived upon the almi-ba/ket.

L EJlrange'i FMcs,
A'lmsdeed. n.f. [from alms and deed.'\
An aft of charity ; a charitable gift.

This woman was full of good works, and alms-
Jttdi which (he did. y*3i, .x. 36.

Hard-favour'd Richard, where art thou ?
Thou art not here : murdir is thy alirideed ;
Petitioner for Hood thou ne'er put'll back. Shaie/f.

A'lms-gh'e r. n.f. [from alms and gl'va:]
He that gives alms ; he that fupports
others by his charity.

He endowed mar^y religious foundations, and yet
was he a great alnti-^lver in fecret, which lhewc-1
that his works in publick were dedicate^ rather to
God's glory than his own. Baeon.

A'l.MSHOUSE. n.f. [from alms ind i>t>uje J
A houfe devoted to the reception and
fupport of the poor ; an hofpital for the
poor.

Theivay of providing for the clergy by tithes, the
ie\\cKof almshiujei f^r the poor, and the forting out
of the p-*oj'Ic inrj paiifbc', a.e manifeft- Huttkcr,

And to relief of lazars, and weak age
Of inHig"nt faint fouls, palt corporal till,
A iiiiJi d a/mshtafes right well fupplied. Sbakeft,

Many penitents, after the roboing of temples
and other rapine, build an hofpital, or alitubtufe^
out of ihe ruins of the church, and the fpoils of
widows and orphans. L' EJirtinge.

EehoH yon almihcufe, neat, but void of (late.
Where age and want fit fmll'ng at the gate. Pope,

A'lmsman. n.f. [from alms and »/««.]
A man who lives upon alms ; who is
fupported by charity.

A L O

I'll give my jewels for a fet of beads ;
My gorgeous palace for a hermitage j
My gay apparel for an almsmarCs gown. Shahefp,
A'lmug-tree. n.f. A tree mentioned in
fcripture. Of its wood were made mu-
fical inflruments, and it was ufed alio
in rails, or in a llaircafc. The Rab-
bins generally render it coral, others
ebony, braxil, or pine. In the Septua
gint it is tranflated ixsrought luoad, and
in the Vulgate, Lignu Thyina. But co-
ral could never anfwer the purpofes of
the almugim ; the pine-tree is too
common in Judea to be imported from
Ophir ; and the Thyinum, or citron-
tree, much cfteemed by the ancients for
• its fragrance and beauty, came from
Mauritania. By the wood almugim, or
algumim, or fimply gummim, taking al
for a kind of article, may be underlTood
oily and gummy forts of wood, and par-
ticularly the trees which produce gum
ammoniac, or gum arabick ; and is,
perhaps, the fame with the Shittim
wood mentioned by Mofes. Calmet.

And the navy alfo of Hiram that brought gold
from Ophir, brought in from Ophir great plenty oi
almug-treei and precious trees. i Kings, x. 11.

A'lnagar, A'lnager, or A'lneger.
n.f. [from alnage.'\ A meafurer by the
ell ; a fworn officer, whofe bufinefs for-
merly was to infpeft the affize of woollen
cloth, and to lix the fcals appointed
upon it for tliat purpofe ; but there are
now three officers belonging to the
regulation of cloth-manufaftures, the
fearcher, meafurer, and alneger. DiS.

A'lnace. n.f. [from aulnage, or au-
nage, Fr.] f.U-nieafure, or rather the
meafuring by the ell or yard. Di3.

A'lnight. n.f. [from a// and «/g-/'/.]

A fervice which they call almgbt, is a great cake
of wax, with the wick in the midft j whereby it
Cometh to pafs, that the wick fetcheth the nourilh-
ment farther off. Bacon.

A'LOES. n.f. [obni*, as it is fnppofed.]
A term applied to three different things.

1. A precious wood ufed, in the Eaft, for
perfumes, of which the bell fort is
01 higher price than gold, and was the
moft valuable prefent given by the king
of Siam, in 1686, to the king of France.
It is called Tambac, and is the heart, or
innermofl part, of the aloe tree; the next
part to which is called Calembac, which
IS Ibmetimes imported into Europe, and,
though of inferiour value to the Tambac,
is much eileemed : the part next the
bark is termed, by the Portuguefe, Pao
d^uquila, or eagle-wood ; but fome ac-
count the eagle-wood not the outer part
of the Tambac, but another fpccies. Our
knowledge of this wood is yet very im-
perfeft. Salary.

z. Ahes is a tree which grows in hot coun-
tries, and even in the miountains of
Spain.

3. Aloes is a medicinal juice, extrafted, not
from the odoriferous, but the common
aloes tree, by cutting the leaves, and ex-
pofing the juice that drops from them to
the fun. It is di/linguifhed into Sccoto-

A L O

rlne and Caballine, or liorfe aloes : the
firft is lo called from Sccotora ; the fe-
cond, becaufe, being coarfer, it ought
to be confined to the ufe of farriers. It
is a warm and ftrong cathartick.
Aloe'tical. adj. [f.'om aloes."] Con-
fifting chiefly of aloes.

It may be excicea by ahttical, fcammoniate, or
acrimonious medicines. lyijemars Surgery,

Aloe'tick. n.f. [fromfl/of/.j Any me-
dicine is fo called, which chiefly confifls
of aloes. ^iiicy.

Alo'ft. ad-v, [^loffter, to lift up, Dan^
Loft air, Icelandijh ; fo that aloft is, into
the air.] On high ; above ; in the air:
a word ufed chiefly in poetry.

For I have read in (lories oft.
That love has wings, and foars alft, SuckUn^,

Upright he ftood, and bore akjt h's fliicld
Confpicuous from afar, and overlook'd the field.

Z?Q den^

Alo'ft. prep. Above.

The great luminary
Ahft the vulgar conftellations thick,
That from his lordly eye kec-p dil'ance due,
Difpenfcs light from far. M'dnin^s Paradife LoJ}*
A'looy. n. f. [a^oy©-.] Unreafonable-
nefs ; abfurdity. Dia.

Alo'ne. adj. [alleea, Dutch; from a/ and
een, or one, that is, fngle.]

1 . Without another.

The quarrel touchcLh none but us aUfte;
Betwixt ourfelves let ;s decide it then. Hbakefpm

If by a mortal hand my father's rhroiie
Could be defended, 'twas by mine ulone, Drydert*

God, by whofc alone pjwer and converfation we
all live, and move, and have our being. Benl/ey*

2. Without company ; folitary.

Eagles we fee fly a/one, and they are but (hecp
which always herd together. Sidney*

Alone, for other creature in this place
Living, or lifdcfs, to be found was none. Milton^

I never durrt in darknefs be ahne, Dryden*

Alo'ne. ad-u.

1. This word is feldom ufed but with the
word let, if even then it be an adverb.
It implies fometimes an ironical prohi-
bition, forbidding to help a man who i»
able to manage the affair himfclf.

Le: us alone to guard Corioii,
If they fet down before 's } 'fore they remove.
Bring up your army. Sbi^keJ^earu

Lei you alone, cunning artificer ;
See how his gorget peers above his gown.
To tell the people in what darger he was.

Ben yonfott^

2. To forbear ; to leave undone.

His cHcnt dole it, but he had better have let it
alone; for he lo!l his caufe by his jeff. Addijon,.
Alo'nq. ad~j. [au longne, Fr.]

1. At length.

Some rr.wl a mighty ftone ; fome laid along.
And bound with burning wires, on (pokes of
wh-eis a c hung. Dryden,

2. Through any (pace mcafured length-
wife.

A firebrand carried along, leaveth a fra'n of light
behind it. Bjeon'i Ifalural UiJI'jiy^

W'lerc Ufens glides along the lowly lands.
Or the black water of Pnmptii.a (Inndy. Drydcn*

3. Throughout ; in the whole : with ali
prefixed.

bilomon, all along in his Proverb", givi-s the
title of fool to a wicked man. Tilhtjon,

They were all along a crofs, untoward f )rc cf
people. Soutbm.

4. Joined with the particle ivitb; in com-
pany i joined with.

l>our

A L O

I ynur cotnm'inion will foithwirh difpitch,
'An<l he to England (hall ahn^ with you.

Shaltfffnarc^s Hamlet.

Hence then t and Evil go vmh chee a!img,

.Thy ofTspring, to the place of evil, Hell. Alilur.

Religious ze.ll is fubjedl to an excefs, and to a

defeft, when fnm-thing is mingled with it which

■ it Aiould not have; or wlwn it wants fomething

that ought to j;o »i/o»j|' ^rA it, Sfral.

5. Sometimes I'jiib is uiiderflood.

Command thy (laves : my free-born foul difdains
A Tyrant's curb, and reftive breaks the reins.
Talcc thx&aLngy and no difpute Hiall rife
' (Though mine the woman) for my raviih'd prize.

■6. Fonvard ; onward. In this fenfe it is
.derived from allons, French.

Come then, my friend, my genius, comt afoftg,
Thou mafter of the poet and tlie fong. Pspc.

Alo'ncst. ati-v. [a corruption, as it
-';feems, from along.] Along; through
the length.

Tlic Turks did keep ftrait watch and ward in all
their ports alotigjl the fca coaft.

KmlUs's Hijlory cf:te Turks.
Alo'of. aii'v. [all off", that is, gui/e 0^'.]
I. At a diftance ; with the particleyru/a.
•It generally implies a fmall dillance,
• fuch as is wichia view or obfervation.

Then bade the knight this la.iy jc^c «fct/.
And to an hill herfelf withdraw afide,
Trom whence flie might behold the battle's proof,
And elfe be fate from danger far dcfciicd.

Feiry Slucn.
As next in waith,
.Came fingly where he itoo^[, on the bare Hrand,
While the promifcuous crowd flood ypxa!oof.

Miitm's Paraaie Loft
The noife approaches, though our palace flood
.jj/ooffrcm llreets, encompafs'd with a wooi.

Dr-yilert.

z. Applied to perfons, it often infinuates
caution and circumfpeftion.

Turn on the bloody hounds with heads of ftcel.
And make the cowards fland d/iw/'at bay. SbaUfjt.

Going northwards, ahof, as long as they had any
duubt of being purfued ; at lafl, when thry were
out cf reach, they turned and crofled the ocean to
Spain. Baan.

The king would not, by any means, enter thr
city, until he had aiocf (etn the crofs fct up upon
the greater tower of Granada, whereby it became
Chriftian ground. Bacon.

Two pots flood by a river, one of brafs, the
other of clay. The water carried them away ; the
earthen veflel kept alocffrom t'other.

L'EJlrange'i FahUs.

The ftrong may fight ahaf; Ancaeus try'd
His force too near, and by prefuming dy'd.

VrydetCs FabUi.

3. In a figurative fenfe, it is ufed to import
art or cunning in converfation, by which
a man holds the principal queition at a
diftance.

Nor do we find him forward to be founded ;
But with a.crafty madnefs keeps aUof,
When we would bring him on to fome confcfTion
'Of his true flate, Shaktfpeari'i Hjm/er.

4. It is ufed metaphorically of perfons that
will not be feen in a defign.

If is neceffary the queen join ; for, if flie fland
tf/co/", there will be ftill lufpicions: it being a re-
ceived opinion, that flie-hajl' a great interefl in ihe
• king's favour and power. Sncklmg.

5. It is applied to things not properly be-
longing tp each other.

Love's not love,
When iris mingled with regards that fland
Ai'txffrem tli' entire point. Shahffetite's K. [.ear,

Ai.o'uD. cdiv. [from « and /o«./.] LouJly;
with a ftrong voice; with a great noi4e.

A L S

Strangled he lies I yet fccms to eryalmJ,
To want the mighty, and inftrud the prjulj
That of the great, negledling to be juit,
Hcav'nina moment makes an heap of diift, H^alUr.

Then heai'n's high monarch thund'red thrice
atoutif
And thrice he (hook aloft a golden cloud. DryJen.

Alo'w. at/v. [from a and /aw.] In a low
place ; not aloft.

And now alvzvt and now aloft they Hy,
As borne through air, and feem to touch the (ky.

Drydcn.

A'lPHA. n. /. The firft letter in the
Greek alphabet, anfwering to our A ;
therefore ufed to fignify the firft.

J am alpha and omc^a, the beginning and the
ending, faith the Lord, which is, and which was,
and which is to come, the Al.nighty. Rcvelationi.

A'LPHABET. n. f. [from ^Mpa, alpha,
and ^iTtt, beta, the two firft letters of
the Greeks.] The order of the letters,
or elements of fpeech.

Thou flialt not figh,
Nnr wink, nor nod, nor kneel, nor make a fign.
But I of thcfe will reft an alflahtt.
And by ftill pra£lii||( learn to know thy meaning.

Sbakeffteare.
The letters of the a'.fhahel, formed by tho ("cve-
ral motions of the mouth, and the great variety of
fyliables compofed of letters, and formed with al-
nioft equal velocity, and the endlefs number of
w.trds capable of being framed out of the aiphabet,
either of more fyllables, or of one, are wonderful.

IMder.
Taught by their nurfes, little children get
This fayirg, fooner than their alfhalet.

Drytl. jun. Juv.

To A'lphabet. t>. a. [from alphabet,
noun.] To range in the order of the
alphabet.

.Alphabe'tical. \adj. [from alphabet;

Alphabe'tick. i alphaietique.Fr.l In
the order of the alphabet; according to
the feries of letters.

] have dig^ifted in an alphabetical order, all the
counties, corporations, and boroughs in Great Bri-
tain, with the.r rtfpedlve tempers. Siu'ift.

Alphas e'c i c a l l y . adv. [ from alpha-
betical.] In an alphabetical manner;
according to the order of the letters.

i had once in my thouglits to contrive a gram-
mar, more than I can now comprilt: in fii>rt hints;
and a di£fionary, at^babeticaUj containing the
words of the languagr, \^h1th%hc deaf pcrfon is to
learn. HaUcr's F.'ancnn of Speech.

Alre'ady. flifo. i[frora «// and ready.]
At this prelent time, or at fome time
paft ; oppofeJ to futurity ; as, fVill he
come foot! ? He is here already. IVill it
be done ? It has been done already.

Touching our uniformity, that wliicii hath been
already anfwered, may ferve for anfwcr. Hickcr.

You warn'd me ftill of loving two ;
Can I love him, already loving y-tw ?

DrydtJI^i Irdian Empercr.

See, the guards, from yon fa^ eaftern hill
Already move, no longer flay aftord ;
High in the air they wave the flaming fword.
Your fignal to depart. Drydcn's State 0/ Inncccr.cc.

Methods for the advancement of piety, are in
the power of a prince, limited like ours, by a i\r\&.
execution of tlie laws already in force. Swift.

A^cthinks, already 1 your tears furvey,
Already hear the horrid things they fay,
Already fee you a degraded toaft.
And all your honour in a whifpcr loft \ Vnpt.

Als. adv. [als, Dutch.] Alfo ; likewife:
a word now out of ufe.

Srd remembrance now the prince amoves
With frelh defire his voyage to purfue ;
Ali Una eai n'd her travel to renew. Fairy f^uetn.

ALT

X\.so.aJv. [from a//andya.]

1. In the fame manner ; likewife.

In thefe two, no doubt, are contained the caofei
of the great dc.ug;:, as according to Motes, fo alft
according to nc^ellity ; for our world aflords no
other treafurcs of wat^r. Burnet's Tbery.

2. Jlj'o is fometimes neaily the fame with
and, and only conjoins the members of
the fentencc.

Cod dj I'o CO me, and more alfa.

I Sartuel, x!v. 44,

A'ltar. «./. [altare, Lat. It is obfervcd
by Junius, that the word al:ar is re-
ceived, with chriftianity, in all the Eu-
ropean languages ; and that altare is
ufed by one of the Fathers, as appro-
priated to the Chriftian worftiip, in op-
pofttion to the ara of gentilifm.]

1 . The place where offerings to heaven arc
laid.

The goddefs of the nuptial bed,
Tir'd with her vain devotions for the dead,
Refjiv'd the tainted hand (hould be re^ell'd.
Which incenfe offer'd, and her altar held. Dryd,

2. The table in Chriftian churches where
the communion is adminillered.

Her grace rofe, and, with inodeft paces.
Came to the altar, where (he kncei'd, and faintlike
Cafl her fair eyes to heav'n, aud piay'd devoutly.

Sbakefpean^
A'ltarace. ». /T [allaragium, Lzt.] An
emolument ariiing to the prieft from
oblations, through the means of the
altar. Ajliji's Parcrgon.

A'ltar.-ci.oth. n. f. [from altar and
cloth.] The cloth thrown over the altar
in chtrches.

I (houid fet down the wealth, books, hangings,
and altar-cloths, which our kings gave this abbey.
Peacbam on Dratvir.g^
To A'LTER, v. a. [altercr, Fr. from al.
ter, Lat.]

1. To change; to make otherwife than it
i?. To alter, fcems more prope?ly to
imply a change made only in fome part
cf a thing; as, to alter a writing, may
be, to blot, or interpolate it ; to change
it, may be, to fubftitute another in its
place. With froii and to ; as, her face .
is altered from pale to red.

Uo you note
How much her grace is altcr'd on the fuddcn ?
How long her face is drawn ? how pale flic looks.
And of an earthly cold ? Sbjiefpcare's Henry VIII.
Afts appropriated to the worih'p of Gjd, by his
own appjintmenr, muft continue fo, till himfelf
hath otherwife declared: for who dares alter whit
God hath appointed ? Siiltin^fi it.

2. To take ofFfrom a perfuafion, pradice,
or fett.

For the way of writing plays in verfe, I find it
troubkfome and flow j but 1 am no way alt-red
from my opinion of it, at leaft with any reafons
which have oppofed it. Dryden.

To A'LTER. v. n. To become otherwife
than it was; as, the tueather alters yr««i
bright to cloudy.
A'lterable. adj. [from alter; alterable,
Fr.] That which may be altered or
changed by fomething elfe ; diftinft
from changeable, or that which changes,
or may change itfelf.

That aUeviihtc reipc^ts are realities in natur3,
will never be admitted by a confidcrate difcerncr.

Glanv'tlle*
Our condition in this world Is mutable and un-
certain,

ALT

certain, a'teraUt by a thoufand accidents, which
we can neither forefce nor prevent. Rogers,

I wifh they had been more clear in their direc-
tions upon that mighty point, Whether the fettle-
ir.ent of the fucceffion in the Houfe of Hanover
be ttltrrabk, or no ? Snvifl.

A'lterableness. n.f. [from alterable.']
The quality of bein^ alterable, or ad-
mitting change from external caufes.
A'lterably. adii. [from a/ieraile.] In

fuch a manner as may be altered.
A'lterage. !t./. [froma/o.] The breed-
ing, nourilhing, or foftering of a child.

In Ireland they put their children to fofterers :
the rich fell, the meaner fort buying the altirage
of their children ; and che reafon is, becaufe, in
the opinion of the people, foftering has always
been a ftrongcr alliance than blood.

Sir John DaiiUs on Ireland,
A'lterant. adj. [^alterant, Fr.] That
which has the power of producing
changes in any thing.

And whether the body be alterant or altered,
evermore a perception precedeth operation ; for
elfc all bodies would be alike one to another.

Bacon.
Altera'tion. »./. [_hom alter ; altera-
tion, Fr.]

1. The aft of altering or changing.

.^Iteration, though it be from worfc to better,
hath in it inconveniencies, and thofc weighty.

Hodttr.

2. The change made.

Why may we not prefume, that Cod doth even
call for fuch change or alteration, as the very
condition of things themfcives doth make necef-
fary ? Htcker.

So he, with difficulty and labour hard,
Mov'd on :

But he once paft, loon after, when man fell.
Strange alteration ! Sin, and Death, amain
Following his track (fuch wa< the will of heav'n !)
Pav'd after him a broaJ and beaten way, Mi/tc^n,

No other alteraiicn will fatitfy ; nor this neither,
very long, without an utter abolition of all order.

Scuth.

Appins Claudius admitted to the fenate the

fons of thofe who had been Haves ; by which,

and fucceeding alterations, that council degenerated

into a moil corrupt body. Swift.

A'lterative. aeij. [from eiller.']

Medicines called alterati-ve, are fuch as have
no frimediate fenfible operation, but gradually
gain upon the conilitution, by changing the hu-
mours from a llate of diftcmperature to health.
They are oppofed to evac^ani:. *^incy.

When there is an eiuption of humour in any
part, it is not cured merely by outward applica-
tions, but by fuch alterative medicines as purity
the blood. Governm<nt of the Tcngur,

Alterc a'tiov. tt. /. [altercation, Fr.
from altercer, Lat.] Debate ; contro-
veriy ; wrangle.

By this hot purfuit of lower controverfies
amongfl men prot'effing religion, and agreeirg in
the principal foundations thereof, they conceive
hope, that, about the higher principles thcmfelvrs,
time will caufe altercation to grow. Hotker.

Their whole life was little elfc than a perpetual
wrangling and altercation ; a.id that, many times,
rather for viftory and oftentation of wit, than a
fober and ferious fcarch of truth.

Hakevjil! en Prcvittence.

Alte'rn. a/^'. [alfernus, Lat.] Afling by
turns, in fucceflion each to the other.
And God made two great liijhts, great for their
ufe
To man; the greater to have rule by day.
The lefs by night, a/tern. Milton.

Ai.te'rnacy. «./. [from «//«r»<i/*.] Ac-
tion performed by turns.
Vol. I.

ALT

IALTE'RNATE. adj. [allernu,, Lat.]
I Being by turns; one after another j re-
ciprocal.

Friendfliip confifts properly in mutual offices,
and a generous ftrife in alternate afls of kind-
nefs. South.

Hear how Timotheus' various lays furprife.
And bid alternate palTions fall and rife !
While, at each change, the fon of Lybian Jove
Now burns with glory, and th« melts with love.

Pope.

Alte'rnate angles [in geometry]
are the internal angles made by a line
cutting two parallels, and lying on the
oppofite fides of the cutting line ; the
one below the firft parallel, and the
other above the fecond.

-Alte'rnate. a./ [from alternate, adj. ]
That which happens alternately ; vicif-
fitude.

And rais'd io pleafure, or repos'd in eafe,
Grateful alternates of fubftantial peace.
They blcfs the long nofturnal influence (hed
On the crown'd goblet, and the genial bed. Prior.

To Alte'rnate. i-. a. [alterno, Lat.]

1. To perform alternately.

Thofe who, in their courfc.
Melodious hymns about the fov'reign throne
jllternate all night long. Milton.

2. To change one thing for another re-
ciprocally.

The moft high God, in all things appertaining
unto this life, for fundry wife ends, alternates the
difpofition of good and evil. Gre^v.

Alte'rnately. ad'v. [from alternate.]
In reciprocal fucceflion, fo that each
(hall be fuccceded by that which it fuc-
ceeds, as light follows darknefs, and
darknefs follows light.

The princefs Mclefinda, bath'd in tears.
And tols'd altirnately with hopes and fears.
Would learn from you tlic fui tunes of her lord.

Drjlien.

Unhappy man ! whom forrow thus and rage

To different ills alternately engage. Prior.

The rays of light are, by fome caufe or other,

alternately difpofcd to be reflcdted or tefrafted for

many vicilTltudci. Nenvtcn.

Alte'rnatev ESS. It./, [from alternate.]

The quality of being alternate, or of

happening in reciprocal fucceflion. DiJi.

Alterna'tiov. n./. [from alternate.]

The reciprocal fucceffion of things.

The one wnulil be opprcHed with conftant heat,
th; other with infuffcrablc cold j ar.d fo the defeif
of alteinj'kn w.iulii utterly impugn the generation
of all things. Brown.

Al t e'r N A t I V E . w. y. [alteriiatif, Fr.]
The choice given of two things; fo that
if one be rejeded, the other rauft be
taken.

A ft range altrrnatrve
Muft ladies have a doftor, or a dance ? Toiing.
Alte'rnatively. adv. [{rom alterna-
tive.] In alternate manner; by turns;
reciprocally.

An appeal alternatively made may be tolerated
by the civil law as valid. Ayhfft's Parrrg n,

Alte'rnaTivbness. n.f. [from alter-
naiive.] The quality or ftate of being
alternative ; reciprocation. Diel.

Alte'rnity. n.j. [(torn aliern.] Reci-
procal fucceflion ; viciflitude ; turn ;
mutual change of one thing for another;
reciprocation.

They imagine, thnt an animal of the vaftcft
dimenfiofc*, and longtft duration, fliould live in

ALT

a continual motion, without the ahenitj and vi-
ciflitude of reft, whereby all other animals con-
tinue. Brovins Vulgar Errours.

Altho'ugh. conj. [from all and though.
See Though.] Notwithftanding ; how-
ever it may be granted ; however it
may be that.

We all know, that many things are believed,
although they be intricate, obfcure, and dark;
although they exceed the reach and capacity of our
witsj yea, although in tliis world they be no way
poflible to be underftood. Hooker.

Mc the gold of France did not fcduce.
Although I did admit it as a motive
The fooner to efteft what I intended. Shakejp.
The ftrefs muft be laid upon a majority; with-
out which the laws would be of little weight, al-
though tliey be good additional fecurities. S-wift.

A'ltigrade, adj. [from alius z,nA gra-
dior, Lat.] Rifmg on high. Dia.

Alti'loquence. n.f. [altus and Itijuor,
Lat.] Highfpeech; pompous language.

Alti'metry. n./. [altimetria, Lat. from
altus and /itT{o».] The art of taking or
meafuring altitudes or heights, whether
acceflible or inacceflible, generally per-
formed by a quadrant.

A L T i^so N A N t . 1 adj.[alti/onus,hz.X.] High

Alti'sonous. j founding; pompous or
lofty in found. £)/^,

A'ltituDe, n.f. [altitudo, Lat.]

1 . Height of place ; fpace mcafured up-
ward.

Ten mafts attach'd make not the altitude.
Which thou haft perpendicularly fall'n. Shakeff.

Some define the perpendicular altitude of the
higheft mountains to be four miles j others but
fifteen furlongs. Brovin,

She fliines above, we know, bat in what place.
How near the throne, and heav'n's imperial face.
By our weak optics is but vainly guefs d j
Diftance and altitude conceal the reft. DryJtn,

2. The elevation of any of the heavenly
bodies above the horizon.

Even unto the latitude of fifty, two, the efficacy
thereof is not much confiJerable, whether we
confider its afcent, meridian, altitude, or abode
above the horizon. Brown's Vulgar Errours,

Has not a poet more virtues and vices within
his circle, cannot he obferve them and their in-
fluences in tlieir oppofitions and conjunflions, in
their altitudes and Ccpreflions .> Rymtr.

3. Situation with regard to lower things.

Thofc members which arc pairs, ftand by one
anotlier m equal altitude, and anfwcr on each fide
one to another. Bay,

5. Height of excellence ; fuperiority.

Your altitude offends the eyes
Of thofe who want the power to rife. Sivifi,

5. Height of degree ; highell point.

He uid it to plcafe his mother, and to be partly

proud i which he is, even to the altitude of his

, ""'^"V Shake/pear,.

Alti volant. «<^'. [altivolans, Lai. from
alius and -velo.] High flying. Dia.

A'l together, ad-v. [from all and to-
gether. ]

I. Completely ; without reftriftion ; with-
out exception.

It is in vain to fpeak »f planting laws, and
plotting policy, till the people be altogether fub.

•'"'^; ^ , Sfenfcr-, State of Ireland.

We find not in the world any people that hath
lived altogether without religion. Ho'ker.

If death and danger are things that really CanJ
not be endured, no man could ever be obliged
to (uffcr for his confcicnce, or to die for his re-
ligion j it being altogether as abfurd to imagine
a man obliged to fuller, as to do impoflibilities.

ir South.

A M

A M A

A MA

i id not aingnhtr iifsfprnve of the manner of

rnwrwearing text* of fcripture through the fty'f

of vur Sermon. Swift*

2. Conjunftly ; in Mmpany. This is ri-

ther all tagftker.

Coi.fir-of Sonxrret) join jrou wifli mr.
And aiibgeibtr with tlii: diilce of Stii^JllCy
We'll Quickly hoift ^ke Humphry from his feat.

Sbakefpeare,

jtLVDEL. rt.f. [from <i and /«/»« ; that
is, iLiikntit Jute."]

Midch arc rubliinir.g pot? ufed in chemiftry,
Without bottoms, and fitted into one another, a&
many as there i« «c3licn for, without luting. At
the bottom of the furnace is a pot that holds the
matter to^e fublitr.ed ; and at the top is i head,
to retain the fl'-wers that rife up. ^irrj?.

A'LUM. *./ [alumen, Lat.]

A kind of mineral fait, of an acid tafle, leaving
•Sn the mouth a fcnfe of fweetnefs, accompanied
with a confiderable degree ef aUringeney. The
ancient naturaljfis allow of two forts of a/tm, natu-
ral and 'factitious. I'be natural is found in the
ifl.ind of M.Io, being a kind of whitiih (lore, very
lighf, friable, and porous, and ftreaked with fila-
ments refcmbling filver. England, Italy, ana
Flanders, are the countries where olrnn is princi-
pally produced ; and the English rocht-aium is
madt from a b!uiih mineral ftone, in the hills 0/
Vorkfhire and LancaOiire.

Satdariix tlam i» a conipofition of common
^lumy with rofe-water and whites of eggs boiled :o-
gether, to the confluence of a pallc, and thus
moulded at pleafure. As it cools, it grows hard as
a Aofie.

Burnt alum is alum calcined over the fitt!.

P/uTnoJi QT pjume afum is a fort of faline mineral
ftone, of various coloyrs, moft commonly while,
twrdering on gicen ; it rifes in threads or fibres,
rcfembling thofe of a feather j whence its name
from pluma, a feather. Cbamhers.

By long beating the white of an egg with a
lump of a/unt, you may bring it, for tiic moil
part, into white curds. Boy/i.

Alum stone, ti.f. A ftone or calx ufed
in forgery ; perhaps alum ciJcineil,
which then becomes corrofive.

She gargled with oxycrate, and was in a few-
days cured, by touching it with the vitriol and
a/amfioties, tVifeman^

Alu'minous. adj. [from o/««.] Relating
to alum, or conlilling of alum.

Nor do we realbnably conclude, bccaufe, by a
Cold and a.'uminrui moifture, it is able awhile to
lefift the fire, that, from a peculiarity of nature,
it fubfideih and livcth in it. Brvivn.

The tumour may have other mixture with it,
to make it of a vitriolic or alum'wout nature.

lyiftmani Surgfry,

A'lways. /jJv. [It Is (bmetimes written
ahvay, compounded of all and ivay ;
eallepKja, Sax. iuttaniia, Ital.]

1. Perpetually; throughout all time: op
pofed lo/ometime, or iOtie'ver.

That, which fometimc is expedient, doth not

tltoayi fo continue. HsAcr.

Man never is, but ahogyt {o be bleft. Pope.

2. Conftantly ; without variation: oppofed
tojometimes, or to iioiv and then.

He is altvayt gnat, when fome great occtfion
is prcfented to him. DrytUti.

A. M. ftands for artium magifter, or maf-
ler of arts ; the fecond degree of our
univerfities, which, in fome foreign
countries, is called doftor of philoibphy.

Am. The firft perfon of the verb to he.
[See To Be.]

And God faid unto Mofes, I am that I am :
and he faid, thus (halt thou fay unto the children
vf IIHcl, I ^m bath fent me uato you.

ExoJus, iij. 14.

Come thM), my fouls I call thee by that rime,
Th ni bufy thing, from whence 1 know 1 am ;
tor knowing thjl 1 am, 1 know thou nt;
Sinte that muft iitcds exia, which can impart.

Prior.
Amabi'litv. ». f. [from amabills, Lat]
Lovelinefs ; the power of pleaiing.

No rules can make anubility, our minds and ,
apprclienfions make thatj and fo is our felicity.

Taylcr.

AMADKTTO. n.f. A fort of pear [See
Pear] fo called, fays Skiiiner, from
the name of him who cultivated it.
jfMADOT. n. /. A fort of pear. [See

Pear.]
AMA'iN.<»</f. [from maine, OTmai^r.e, old
Fr. derived from magnus, Lat.] With
vehemence ; with vig.far ; fiercely ; vio-
lently. It is ufed of any aftion per-
formed with precipitation, whether of
fear or courage, or of any violent ef-
fort.

Great lords, from Ireland am I come awain.
To fignify that rebels tiiere are up. Shakcjfeart,
What ! when we fit J iaain, purfu'd, and ftruck
With hoav'n's affl'.Aing thunuer, anrf befcught
The deep to Iheltcr us ? Mi'.UB.

1 he bills, to their fupply.
Vapour and exhalation, dulk and moilV,
Sent up amain, Mihon.

From hence the boar was roas'd, and iprung
amainy
Like light'ning fudden, dn the warriour train.
Beats d'jwn the trees before him, (hakes the

ground j
The foreft echoes to the crackling found,
Shout the fierce youth, and clamours ring around.

Dry den.
AMA'LGAM. 7». /. [a^a and ya(*iri..]

AMJ'LGJMJ. 5 The mixture of metals
procured by amalgamation. See Amal-
gamation.

The induration of the amalgam appears to pro-
ceed from the ne.v texture refulting from the coa-
lition of the mingled ingredients, that make op the
amalgam. Bsyle.

To Ama'lcamate. <v. a. [from amal-
gam.] To unite metals with quickfilver,
which may be prattifed upon all me-
tals, except iron and copper. The ufe
of this operation is, to make the me-
tal loft and ductile. Gold is, by this
method, drawn over other materials by
the gilders.
A M A L c A M a't I o N . ft. /. [ from dfia/ga-
mnte.] The adl or pratVice of amalga-
mating metals.

Amal^i:nwti<.n is the mixlrg of mercury with any
of the metals. The manner is thus in gold, the
rell arc anfwerable : Take fix ports of mercury,
mix them hot in a crucible, and pjur them to one
p«rt of gold made red hot in another truc.ble ; ftir
thefe well that thi-y may incorporate} then calltii;
mafs into cold water, and walh it. Bacan.

Amakda'tion, «./ [from amatrJo, Lm.]
The aft of fending on a meliage, or
emplovment.
MIANVErNSIS. n.f. [Lnt.] A perfon

who writes what another ditlates.
A'm a r a n t h. n.f. \amarnKthus, Lat. from
« and liotfiita.] I'he name of a plant.
Among the many fpecies, the moft
beautiful are, I. The tree amaranlb.
2. The long pendulous amttranth, with
reddifli coloured feeds, commonly called
Lo've lies a bleeding.
2. In poetry, it is fometimcs an imaginary

flower, foppofed, according to its naa»e«

never to tade.

Immortal aaaranih I a 6owcr which once
In paradifc, fuft by the tree of \.{e,
Bc^an to bloom j but fuon, fur man*s olTence,
To heav'n remov'd, wlicre fiift it grew, ther*

grow?.
And flow'rs aloft, (hading the fount of life)
And where rbc river o( lilifs, thro' mid(V of

beav'n.
Rolls o'er Elyfun dow'rs her amber (Iream i
With tbele, that never fade, the fpirits eledl
Bind their rtfplendent lockf, inwr-ath'd with
beams. MUtont Para,{ift Lift,

Amaha'nthine. adj. [amaranthinus,
Lat.] Relating to amaranths; confiding
of amaranths.

By the ftrcams that ever flow.
By the fragrant winds that blow

O'er the Elyljan flow'rs ;
By thofe happy fouls that dwell
In ytllotv meads of afphodel.

Or amarantkim bow'rs. P^e,

Ama'ritude. ». /. [amaritado, Lat.]
Bittemefs.

What amariiudi or acrimony is dejrehendcd in
ch?ter, it acquiies from a commixture of melan-
choly, or exixrnal malign bodies.

llar^'ty en Canfumptimi,

Ama'rulence. a./, [amarifudo, Lat.]

Bittemefs. i>/V?.

Ama'sment. k. /. [from ama/s.'] A heap;

an accumulation ; a colleftion.

What is nov.r, is but an amaj'rmnt of imaginary
conceptions, prejudices, ungrounded opinions, and
iiilinite impoftures.

Glanvillet Scepjis Seient'ifca*
To AMA'SS. -J. a. [amaj/ir, Fr.]

1. To colleft together in one heap or mafs.

I'he rich man is not blamed, as having made
ufe of any unlawful means to amaj't richer, as
luving thriven by fraud and injullice.

Aiterhury^i Serm^i,

When we would tiiink of inliniie fpace, or du.
ration, we, at firft ftep, uf>ially make fome very
large idea, as perhaps of millions of ages, or
miles, which pofiibly we- double and multiply
feveial times. All that we^hus amajs together
in our thoughts, is pofitive, and the alTcmblage
of a great number of pofitive ideas of fpace or
duration. Lochu

2. In a figurative fenfe, to add one thing
to another, generally with fome ihare
of reproach, cither of cagemefs or in-
difcrimination.

Such as ar.aji all relatione, muft err in fome,
and be unbelievcd in many. Brif-atn^s Vul. Krrours,

Do not content yourfclves with mere words, left
your improvements only amaft a heap of unintel-
ligible phrafes. H'^atti^i Smpr, of the Mind*

'Ihe life of Homer has been written, by amajjing
of all the traditions and hiiit£ the writcn could
meet with, in order to tell a ftory of him to the
world. Pope,

Ama'ss. »./. [amaj, Fr.] An iUTemblage;
an accumulation.

This pillar is but a medley or amafi of all the
precedent ornraments, making a new kind by
(health. fyolton.

To Am a't e. v, a. [from «and mate.'] Sec
Mate.]

1. To accompany; to entertain as a com-
panion. It is now obfolcte.

A lovely bevy of f>ir ladies fate.
Courted of mai:y a jolly paramour.
The which did them in modcft wife ornate^
And each one fought his lady to aerate.

Fairy Sluetn.

2. To terrify ; to ftrike with horrour. In
this fcnfe, it is derived from the oM
French matter, to crufli or fubJue.

^ Amato'r-

A MA

AMATo'nCULIST.H.y^ [o(Wij/9rcaA//,Lat. ]
A little infignificant lover ; a pretender
to aiFeftion. Di^l.

A'viATORsr. adj. [amatorius, Lat.] Rela-
ting to love ; eaufing love.

Il is the Ume tiling whether one raviihj-ucretia
by forcr, as Tarquln, or \j amatory pations not
only allure her, but neccifuate her to fatisfy his
lull, and iacUne her cfTc^lually, and draw her in-
evitably, to follow him fpontanejufly.

Brjinhitm ugalnjl llohbes,

jfM^fURO'SIS. n.f. [iuavfiu!.] A dimnefs
of fight, not from any vifible defefl in
the eye, but from feme diilemperatare
of the inner parts, occafioning the re-
prefentations of flies and dull floating
before the eyes : which appearances are
the parts of the retina hid and cotn-
preflcd by the blood-veflels being too
much dillended ; fo that, in many of
its parts, all fenfe is loft, and therefore
no images can be painted upon them ;
whereby the eyes, continually rolling
round, many parts of objefts falling
focceflively upon them, are obfcure. The
cure of this depends upon a removal of
the ftagnations in the extremities of
thofe arteries which run over the bottom
of the eye. ' ^incy.

ToAMA'ZE. V. a. [from a and maK.e,
perplexity.]

1. To confufe with terrour.

Yea, I will make many people amazed at thee,
and their kings (hall be horribly afraid for thee,
when I /hall brandjih my fword before them, and
they ihall tremble at every moment ; every man
for his own life in the day of the fall. Ezdiil.

2. To put into confufion with wonder.

Go, heav'nly pair, and with your dazzling
virtues,
your courage, truth, yoor innocence and love,
^r:jxf and charm mankind. Smith,

3. To put into perplexity.

That cannot chnofe but amaze him. If he be
not amazed, he w-ll he mocked j if he be amazed,
he will every way be mocked. Shaktf; care

Ama'ze. n.f. [from the verb a/.vaz^.] A-
ftonilhmeut ; confufion, either of fear
or wonder.-

Fsirfai, whofe name in arms thro' Europe rings,
And filis alt mouths with envy or with praife,
And ail her jealous monarchs with amaze, Miitcr.

Meantime the Trojan cuts his wat'ry way,
Fii'd on h'» voyage, through the curling fca ;
Then carting back his eyes, with dire amaze,
Seea on the Punick Ihore the mounting bUae.

Dryden,

Ama'zedlv. fl^^y. [from amazei/.] Con-
fufedly ; with amazement ; with confu-
fion.

I (prA amazeJ/y, and it becomes
My rurv', and my meflage. Shalefpeare,

'.'>■ '■.',-. ' I jtbeth thu; amazedly f
Cun,! , fi Kri,, cheer we up his (prights. Shalefp,
Ama'zedness. n,/. [from amax.ed,] The
ftate of bfiing amazed; aftonilhment;
wonder ; confjfion.

I was by at the opining of the farthel, heard
the old Ihepherd deliver the manner how he fouiid
it i whereupon, after a little ameztdnejt, we were
all o-nminJed out of the chamb:^^. Hhakej!>.

Ama'zement. »./ [from amaxt,]
I. Such a confufed apprehenfion as docs
not leave realon its full force ; extreme
fear ; horrour.

He arifwer'd nought at all; but adding new .
Fear to his firft amazemtrt, (faring wide,
With ftony cye<, and hcartlefs hollow hue.

A M B

Aitonifli'd ftood, as one that had efpy'J
Infernal furies, with their cltaius unty'd.

rairy S^uen.
But look ! amazimenf on thy mother fits j
O ftep between her and her fighting foul 1
Conceit in weaken bodiet ftiCii^cK »unl;s.

S^keffeart.

2. Extreme dejedlion.

He ended, ani his words imprcflion left
Of much amazemsnt to th' infernal crew,
Diftrai5led and lurpris'd with deep difmay
At thelc fad lidirgs, Milton,

3. Height of admiration.

Had you, fome ages paft, this race of glory
Run, With amaz'ment we (houlJ read your ftory ;
But living virtue, all atchie^ements paft,
Meets tn\y ftitl to grapple with at laft. JViiUcr.

4. Aftonifliment ; wonder at an unexpeft-
ed event.

They knew that it was he which fat for alms at
the Beautiful Gate of the temple, and they were
fiUcd with wonJcr and amazement at that which
had happened unto him. ^ A3i-

A^^'T.ifiC. partkiptal ad}, [from amax,e.\
Wonderful; allonii'hing.

It is an amassing thing to lee the prefent dofola-
tipn ':ii itaiy, when one coufiJcrs what incredible
multitudes it abounded with during the rcij^ns of
the R.>oian emperours. Addtfcn.

Ama'zincly. ad'u. [from amazing.'\ To
a degree that may excite aftonilhment ;
wonderfully.

If we arife to the world of fpirits, our know-
ledge of them muft be amazingly imperfect, whe,i
there is not the leaft grain of fand but has too many
difficulties belonging to it for thewifeft philofopher
toanfwer. lVatii'% Log!ck.

AMAZON, n.f. [a and ^^.'\ The A-
mnzons were a race of women famous
for valour, who inhabited Caucafus ;
they are fo called from their cutting oft'
their breafts, to ufc their weapons better.
A warlike woman ; a virago.

Stay, ftay thy hands, thou art an amazin.
And fi^hti-ll with the fword. Sljate/pearr,

AMBA'GES. n.f. [Lat.] A circuit of
words ; a circumlocutory form of fpeech ;
a multiplicity of words ; an indireft
manner of expreflion.

I'hcy gave thole complex id?« names, that they ,
might the more eafily rccrrd and difcourfe of
things they were daily convcrfatit iu, without long
amhagij and circumlocutions ; Ani that the things
they were Cjntiiiualty to give and receive informa-
tion about, might be the ealierand quicker under-
ftood. Locke.

Amba'gioos. adj. {from ambagts.] Cir-
cumlocutory ; perplexed ; tedious. Dia.

-■^mbassa'de. a./. \aml>affade, Yr.'\ Em-
bafly ; charafter or bufinefs of an am-
balfador : a word not now in ufe.

When you difgracrd me in my amhajfade.
Then I deg-ajed you from Icing king. Sbakefp.

AMB.rSSADOUR. n.f. [ambaftideur , Fr.
tmbaxador. Span. It is written diffe-
rently, as it is fuppofcd to come from
the French or Spaaiilj language ; and
the original dirivatio.T being uncertain,
it is not eafy to fettle its o'tliography.
Some derive it from the Hebrew nu^a,
to tell, and ^tt>aa, a m'ffcngcr; others from
ambaSlus, which, iu the old Gaulifti,
fignified a. fervant ; whence ambnfcia,
in low Latin, is found to lignifyytm/Vf,
and ambn/iiator, a fefvant ; others de-
duce it fiom ambacht, in old Teutoiiick,
figiiilying a govermiunt, and Junius
mentions a pollibility of its delceac from

A M B

«»a?:i(»u ; and others from am for ad,
and bnffus, />xf, as fuppofing the aft of
fending an ambaffadour, to be in fome
fort ag aft oi fubmiflion. Ail thefe ds-
rivations lead to write ambajfadour, riot
em^aJ/adour.'\ A peribn fent in a public
manner from one fovereign power to an-
other, and fuppofed to rcprefent the
power from which he is fent. T-he f er-
fon of an ambaffadour is inviolable.

Ambujfadour is, in popular language,
the general name of a raeffengcr from
a fovereign power, and fometimes, lu-
dicroufly, from common perfons. In
the juridical and formal language, it
fignifies particularly a miniller of the
higheft rank refiding in another country,
and is diftinguifhed from an envoy, who
is of lefs dignity.

Gi\e firll admittance to th' amhajfadsurs,

Shakejpeofe,

Raised by thefe hopes, I fent no news before.
Nor alk'd your leave, nor did your faith implore ;
But come without a pledge, my own ambaJJ'adcur.

Dryden.

Oft have their bl.tck amhajfjdours appeared
Loadcn with gifts, a'ld fill'd the courts of Zaraa.

Addifonm

Amba'ssadress. n.f. [ambaJadria,Fr,J

1. The lady of an ambaffadour.

2. In ludiciious language, a woman fent
on a meffage.

Well, my ambajfadrefi
Come you to menace wjr, and loud detiance ?
Or does the peaceful olive grace your brow ?

Rowe,
A'mbassage, n.f, [from ambaffadour, '\
An embafly ; the bu£iiefs of an ambaf-
fadour.

Maximilian entertained them with dilatory an-
fwers ; foas the formal part o^ r^€\t amhaJJ'age m\^t
well warrant their further ftay. Bacon,

A'MBER. n.f. [from ambar, Arab, whence
the lower writers formed ambar um.^

A yellow tranlparcnt fubftance of a gummous
or bituminous confidence, but a refinous tafte,
and a fmell like oil of turpentine; chiefly found
in the Baltick fea, along the coails of PrufSa.
Some naturalifts refer it to the vegetable, others
to tlie mineral, and fomtf even to the animal king-
dom. Pliny defcribes it as a rcfinous juici;, oozing
from aged pines and firs, and dil'cli.irgod thence
into the fc.i. He adds, tl;at it wab hence the an-
c'enti gave it the dcnominatio:r of fuccinum, from
yot'CMi, juice* Some have imagined it a concretioa
of tile tears o^" birds j others, the urine of a b'aft ;
others, the fcum of the lake (.ephifis, near the
.A.tlanticU ; others, a congelation fjrmeJ in tha
Baltick, and in fome fountains, where it is fo\inJ
fwimniing like pitch. Others fuppofcit a bitumen
trickling into the fea from fubterraneous fources ;
but this opinion is alfo difcarded, as good amber
having been found in digging at a confiderable dif-
tancc from the fea, as that gathered on the coaft.
Boerliaave ranks it with cainphire, which is aeon*
cie:e oil of aromatic plants, elaborated by heat into
a cryftalline form. Within fome pieces of amber
have been found laaves and infcd^H included ;
which fcemj to indicitc, eith;r cht the amberyas
originally in a fluid ftate, ur that, having been ex-
p fed ti> the fun, it was fjftcneJ, and rendered
fufceptible of the leaves and infefls. Amber, when
rubbed, draws or attracts bodies to it, and„ by
friction, is brought to yield light pri:tty copioully
in the dark. Some diftinguirti amber into yellow,
white, brOA-n, and black: but the two latter ar«
fuppofed to be of a different nature and denomina-
tion ; the one called };t, the other ambergrit,

I'revmx. Chambers,

Liquid amber is 3 kinv] of native baUam or rcfin;

Rkc turpentine ; cleaTj reJJiih, or yellowifli ; of a

K. a pleafaa^

A M B

fleifant f>n<n, klmoft like ambergris. It flows
from an incifioo made In the bark oT a fine large
tret in New Spain, called by the natives cftfel.

Chemttn.

If light penetrateth any dear body, that is co-
loured, as piintcd glafs, amber, wjter, and the
like, it gives the light the colour of its medium.

Peacbam.

No interwoven reeds a girland made,
To hide his brows within the vulgjr fliade ;
But poplar wreathes around his temples Spread,
And tears of amber trickled down his head.

The fpoils of elephants the roofs inlay,
And fludded amber darts a golden ray. Pjpt,

A'm B E R . adj. Confifting of amber.

With fcart's, and fans, and double charge of
brav'ry.
With ambir bracelets, beads, and all this knar'ry.

Siaieffeare.

A'm ber-drink. n./. Drink of the colour
of amber, or referabling amber in co-
lour and tranfparency.

All your clear ambcr-drinh is fiat. Sacon,

A'mbercris. B.y; [ from amher and gris,
or grey ; that is, grey a>»ier.'\

A fragrant drug, that melts alraod like wax,
commonly of a greyKh or alh colour, ufcd both as a
perfume and a cordial. Some imagine it to be the
excrement of a bird, which, being melted by the
heat of the fun, and walhed off the (hore by the
waves, is fwallowed by whales, who return it back
in the condition we find it. Others conclude it to
be the excrement of a cetaceous fifli, becaufe fomc-
times found in the inteAines of fuch animals. But
we have no inllance of any excrement capable of
melting like wax J and if it were theexcremcnt of a
whale, it Ihnuld rather be found where thefe ani-
mals abound, as about Greenland. Others take it
for a kind of wax or gum, which diftils from trees,
and drops into the fca, where it congeals. Many
of the orientals imagine it fprings out of the fea, as
aaphtha does out of fome fountains. Others alfert
it to be a vegetable produilion, ilTuing out of the
root of a tree, whofe roots always (hoot to%vards the
fea, and difcharge themfclvei into it. Others
maintain, that ambergr'.s is made from the honey-
combs, which fall into the fea from the rocks,
where the bees had formed their nefts; feveral per-
sons having feen pieces that were half ambergris^
and half plain honey-comb j aiid others have found
large pieces of ambergris, in which, when broke,
boney-comb, and honey too, were found in the
middle. Neumann abfolutely denies it to be an
animal fubflance, as not yielding, in the analy^s,
any one animal principle. Heconcludes it to be a
bitumen ilTuing out of the earth into the fca ; at
fitrt of a vifcous confiftence, but haidening, by its
mixture with fome liquid naphtha, into the form in
which we find it. Trtvoux* Cbamberu

Bermudas wall'd with rocks, who does not know
That happy idand, where huge lemons grow.
Where fhintng pearl, coral, and many a poun<l,
On the rich Ihore, of ambergris is found ? JValier,

Amber seed, or mujk feed, refembles
millet, is of a bitterifti tafte, and brought
dry from Martinico and Egypt.

Chambers.

AuBER tree. n.f. [frutex Africanu< am-
iram/pirans.'] A flirub, whofe beauty is
in its fmall evergreen leaves, which

frow as clofe as heath, and, being
ruifed between the fingers, emit a very
fragrant odour. Miller.

JMBIDE'XTER. n.f. [Lat.]

1. A man who has equally the ufe of both
his hands.

Rodiginus, unJert.',king to give a reafon ofarrbi-
dixlin, and left-handed men, deliveieth a third
opinion. Brmvn.

2. A man who is equally ready to ad on

A M B

cither fide, in party difputes. This
fenfe is ludicrous.
Ambidexte'rity. a./, [from amii-
dexier.1

1. The quality of being able equally to
ufe both hands.

2. Double dealing.
.Ambide'xtrous. ad/, [itom ambidexter.

Lat.]

1. Having, with equal facility, the ufe of
either hand.

Others, not conGdering amhidextrcut and left-
handed men, do totally fubmit unto the efficacy
of the liver. Brown.

2. Double dealing ; praftifing on both
fides.

/Efop condemns the double praflices of trim-
mers, and all falfc, (huffllng, and ainbidextroui
dealings. VEflrange.

Ambide'xtrousness. n.f. [from ^jotoV-
dexirous.\ The quality of being ambi-
dextrous. Di3.

A'MBiEtir. adj. \ambiens, Lat.] Sur-
rounding ; encompaffing ; invefting.

This which yields or fills
All fp:icc, the ambient air wide interfus'd. Milton.
The thicknefs of a plate requifite to produce any
colour, depends only on the denfity of the plate,
and not on that of ^e amiiinl medium.

Newton's Opiicks.
Around him dance the rofy hours,
And damalking the ground with fl.w'rs.
With ambient fweets perfume the morn.

Fenton to LcrJ Gizver.
Illuftrious virtues, who by turns have rofe
With happy laws her empire to fuftain,
And with full pow'r alTert her ambient main.

Prior.
The ambient aether is too liquid and empty, to
impel horizontally with that prodigious celerity.

Bmi/y.

A'MBIGU. n.f. [French.] An entertain-
ment, confifting not of regular courfes,
but of a medley of difhes fet on toge-
ther.

When ftraiten'd in your time, and fervants few,
You^d richly then compofc an amligu j
Where firft and fecond courfe, and your defert.
All iu one fingle table have their part.

King's Art of Cookery.

Ambigu'ity. n.f. [from ambiguous.]
Doubtfulnefs of meaning ; uncertainty
of fignification ; double meaning.

With ambiguities they often entangle thcmfelves,
not marking what dotli agree to the word of God
in itfclf, and what in regard of outward accidents.

Hisker.
We can clear thefe ambiguities,
And know their fpring,'Jieir head, their true defcent.

Sbakefpeare.
The words are of iingte fignification, without
any ambigu.ty \ and therefore I Ihall net trouble you,
by ftraining for an interpretation, where there is
no difficulty ; or didinftion, where there is no dif-
ference. South.

AMBl'GUOUS. adj. [ambiguus, Lat.]

1 . Doubtful ; having two meanings ; of
uncertain fignification.

But what have been thy anfwers, what but dark,
Ambiguous, and with daubtful fenle deluding ?

Milton.

Some exprclfions in the covenant were ambiguous,
and were left fo j becaufe the perfons who framed
them were not all of one mind. Ciarerdon.

2. Applied to perfons ufing doubtful ex-
preffions. It is applied to exprefficns,
or thofe that ufe them, not to a dubious
or fufpcnded ftate of mind.

A M B

Th' mUgutiii god, who rul'd hertab'rmg brtaft,
In thefe myilerious words his mind exprefl ;
Some truths reveal'd, in terms involv'd the reft.

Drydcn,
Silence at length the gay Antinout broke,
Conllraln'd a (mile, and ^msamiigucui fpokc.

Pope.

AMBl'GUOt;sLY. ttd'V. [from ambiguous. "^
In an ambiguous manner ; doubtfully ;
uncertainly ; with double meaning.

Ambi'guousness. n.f. [from ambiguous.'\
The quality of being ambiguous; un-
certainty of meaning ; duplicity of fig-
nification.

Ambi'locy. n.f. [from am^o, Lat. and
Xoy©-.] Talk of ambiguous or doubtful
fignification. Dtcl.

AMBi'toq^uous. adj. [from ambo and lo-
quor, Lat.] Ufing ambiguous and doubt-
iul expreffions. Di^.

Ambi'loc^y. n.f. [ambihquium, Lat.]
The ufe of doubtful and indeterminate
expreffions ; difcourfe of doubtful mean-
ing. Dicl.

A'mbit. n.f. [ambitus , 'LaX.'\ The com -
pafs or circuit of any thing ; the line
that encompafles any thing.

The tulk of a wild boar winds al|out aUnoft into
a perfcft ring or hoop ; only it is i little writhen.
In meafuring by the ambit, it is long or round about
a foot and two inches ; its bafis an inch over.

Grt'w's Muf^tim,

Ambi'tion. n.f. [ambiiio, Lat. the defire
of fomethlng higher than is polfefled at
prefent.]

1 . The defire of preferment or honour.

Who would think, without having fuch a mind
as Antiphilus, that fo great goodncfs could not
have bound gratefulnefs ? and fo high advancement
not have fat:&fied his arjviticn ? SiJnry^

2. The defile of any thing great or excel-
lent.

The quickening power would be,and (b would reft \
The fenfe would not be only, but be well i

But wit's ambition long,;th to the beft.
For it dcfires in eiidlcfs blifs to dwell. Davits^

Urge them, while their fouls
Are capable of this ambition j
Left zeal, now melted by the windy breath
Of foft petitions, pity, and remorfe,
Cool and congeal again to what it was. Shakrfp.

3. It is ufed with to before a verb, and of
before a noun.

1 had a very early ambition to recommend myfelf
to your Lordfhip's patronage. Addijon.

There was an ambition of wit, and an affeflation
of gayety. Pope's Preface to his Letters.

Ambi'tious. adj. [ambitioj'us, Lat.]
i. Seized or touthcd with ambition ; de-
firous of advancement ; eager of ho-
nours ; afpiring. It has the panicle of
before the objed of ambition, if a noun ;
to, if expreffed by a verb.
We fccm ambitioui God's whole work t' undo.

Dmia,
The neighb'ring monarchs, by thy beauty led,
Contend in crowds, ambitious c/tliy bed :
Tlie world is at thy choice, except but one,
Except but him thou canft not choofe alone.

Drydcn.

You have been pleafcd not to fuffer an old man

to go difcontented out of the world, for want of

that pruteiiion, of which he had been fo lung eim-

biticus. Drydm,

Trajan, a prince ambitious of glory, defccndcd

to the mouths of the Tigris and Euphrates, and

went upon the ocean, where, feeing a vcllcl trad-

, ing to the Indies, he had thoughts of outdoing

Alexander. Aibuthnot on Caii:i.

2, Eager

A M B

2. Eager to grow bigger J afpiring.

I h«vf lecn
Th' amiiticU! ocean fwell, and rage, and foam,
To be exalttd with the thrcat'ning clouds.

Sbahfpeare.

Ambi'tiously. ad-v. [ from ambitious. ] I n
an ambitious manner ; with eagernefs
of advancement or preference.

With fuch glad hcjrts did our dtfpairing men
Sjlute th' appearance of the prince's fleet j

And each ambi-hvfly would claim the ken,
That with 6rft eyes did diftant fafcty meet.

Dryden.

Here Flecknoe, as a place to fame well known,

Amhiihujly defign'J his Sh — 's throne. Dryden.

Ambi'tiousness. n.f. [from ambitious.'\

The quality of being ambitious.
A'mbitude. n.f. [ami/0, Lat.] Com-
pafs ; circuit ; circumference. Di<^.
To A'MBLE. v. n. [ambler, Fr. ambulo,
Lat.]

1. To move upon an amble. Sec Amble.

It is g5od, on fonie occafions, to enjoy as much
of the prefcnt, as will not er.danger our futuriiv ;'
and to provide ourfelves of the virtuofo's fjdJle,
which will be fure to amble, when the world i=
upon the hardeft tnt. Drydtn.

2. To move eafily, without hard fliocks,
or (baking.

Who aml-la time withal?— A rich man that
hath not the gout ; for he lives merrily, becaufc
he feels no pain } knowing no burthen of heavy
tedious penury : him time airlki withal.

Skakijfenre^t j^i you like it.

3. In a ludicrous fenfe, to move with fub-
miffion, and by direftion ; as a horfe
that ambles ufes a gait not natural.

A laughing, toying, wheeiling, whimpering (he.
Shall make him amtle on a goHip's meflage,
And take the dlftaffwith a hand as patient,
As e'er d'd Hercules. Rcwf's Jaie Shcre.

4. To walk daintily and affcftedly.

I am rudely ftampt, and want love's majefty,
To ftrut before a wanton emilmg nympli.

Sbaktffearr,

A'uble. n.f. [from To amlle.'\ A pace
or movement in which the horfe re-
moves both his legs on one fide ; as, on
the far fide, he removes his fore and
hinder leg of the fame fide at one time,
whilft the legs on the near fide ftand
ftill ; and, when the far legs are upon
'the ground, the near fide removes the
rfore leg and hinder leg, and the legs

" on the far fide ftand ftill. An amble is
tue firft pace of young colts, but when
they have ftrength to trot, they quit it.
There is no amble in the manage ;
riding-maftcrs allow only of walk, trot,
and gallop. A horfe may be put from
a trot to a gallop without flopping ;
but he cannot be put from an amble to
a gallop without a ftop, which inter-
rupts the juftnefs of the manage.

Farrier's Dia.

A'mbler. n.f. [from To amble.'] A horfe
that has been taught to amble ; a
pacer.

A'm B L 1 N G LY.aJv. [from ambling.'] With
an ambling movement.

JMBRO'SIA. n.f. [tt^Z^e,c\<t.]

I. The imaginary food of the gods, from
which every thing eminently pleafing
to the fmell or tafte- is called am-
Irofta.

A M B

2. The name of a plant.

It has male fl ifculous flowers, produced on fepa-
rate pavts of the fame plant from the fruit, having
no vifible petals j the fruit which fucceeds the fe-
male flowers, is ihapcd like a club, and is prickly,
containing one oblong feed in each.

The fpecles arc, I. The marine or fea gmbrcjia.
2. Taller unfavoury fea ambrojia. 3. The talleft
Canada amhrofia, MV.'cr.

Ajibro'sial. adj. [from ambrofia.] Par-
taking of the nature or qualities of am-
brofia ; fragrant ; delicious ; deleg-
able.

Thus while God fpake, amhrrjial fragrance fill'd
All heaven, and in the blelTcd Ipints cltft
Senfe of new joy ineffable dif^'ui'd. Miltor.

The gifts of heaven my following fong purfue,,
Aerial honey and timira^fj/ dews. Dryder:.

To fartheft ihoies th' amircjia! fpirit flies.
Sweet to the world, and grateful to the fjaes.

A'mbry. n. /. [a word corrupted from
almonry.]

1 . The place where the almoner lives, or
where alms are diftrlbuted.

2. The place where plate, and utenfils for
houftkeeping, are kept; a!fo a cup-
board for keeping cold viftuals : a word
flill ufed in the northern counties, and
in Scotland.

Ambs ace. n. /. [from ambo, Lat. and
ace.] A double ace ; fo called when
two dice turn up the ace.

I had rather be in this choice, than throw
amis ace for my life.

Stakiffeure's jtlCi toell that end! tvell.

This will be yet clearer, by confidering his own
inftancc of carting amis ace-, though it partake
more of contingency than of freedom. Suppofing
the pofiiure of the party's hand who did throw
the dice, fuppofing the ligurc of tlie table, and of
the dice themfelves, fuppofing the meafurc of
foice applied, and fuppoHng ail other things which
did concur to the production of jhat talt, to be
the very fame they wen!, there is no doubt but
in this cafe the call is necelfary.

Bramhcm agehji Hohhci.

Ambui.a'tion, n.f. [ambulatio, Lat.]
The aft of walking.

From the occult and invifible motion of the
mufclcs, in ft.ition, proceed more offenlivc laf-
fitudes than from cmbvlancn,

Briivni l^ulgar Erreurs.

A'mbulatory. adj. [ambulo, Lat.]

1. That which his the power or faculty
of walking.

The gradient, cr ambulatory, are fuch as re-
quire fomc bafis, or bottom, to up^hold them in
their motions : luch were thofe felf-moving fta-
tues, which, unlefs violently detained, would ol
themfelves run away. JVilkim^i Matb. Ma^uk.

2. That which happens during a paflage
or walk.

He was Cent to conduce hither the princcfs, of
whom his majefty had an ambulatory view in his
travels. tVottan.

3. Moveable; as, an ambulatory court; a
court which removes from place to place
for the exercife of its jurifdiftion.

A'm BURY. n.f. A bloody wart on any

part of a horfe's body.
Ambusca'de. n.f. [embufcade, ^T. See
Ambvsh.] a private flation in which
men lie to furprife others ; ambufh.

Then waving high her torch, the fignal made,
Which rous'd the Grecians from their ambujcade.

Drydett.

When 1 behold a fafhionable table fct out, 1

fancy that gouts, fevers, and lethargies, with in-

A M E

numerable diftempers, lie in amlujcaie among th*
di flies. jldt'Mon.

Ambusca'do. n.f. [embofcada. Span.]
A private poll, in order to furprife an
enemy.

Sometimes flie driveth o'er a foldier's neck,
And then he dreami of cutting foreign throats,
Of breaches, timbufcadoiS, Spanilh blades,
Of licalths five fathom de,'p.

Sbakefp, Romeo and 'Juliet,

A'mbush. p. f. [ambufche, Fr. from bois,

a wood ; whence embujcher, to hide in

woods, ambufties being commonly laid

under the concealment of thick forefts.]

1. The poft where foldiers or alTailins are
placed, in order to fall unexpededly
ujxm an enemy.

Thi: refidue retired deceitfully towards the place
of their amhujh, whence ifl'ued mere. Then the
earl maintained the fight. But the enemy, in-
tending to draw the Englifli further into their
enibuj]^, turned away at an eafy pace. Hayivard*
Charge", charge, their ground the faint Taxal.
lans yield.
Bold in dofe cimbufi, bafe in open field.

Dryden^% hidum Emperor,

2. The aft of furprifing another, by ly-
ing in wait, or lodging in a fecret poll.

Nor Ihall we need.
With dangerous ex.pedicion, to invade
Heav'n, whofe high walls fear no aflault or ficgr.
Or ambujh from the ifeep. Milton 1 Pauidifc Lojl,

3. The ftate of being polled privately, in
order to furprife ; the ^ate of lying in
wait.

4. Perhaps the perfons placed in private
nations.

For you, my noble lord of Lancafler,
Once did I lay an omhujh for your life.

Sbakefp. Rkbard II.

A'mbush ED. adj. [from ambujh.] Placed
in ambulh ; lying in wait.

Thick as the fliadcs, there ilfue fwarming bands
Of amhtijiyd men, whom, by their arms and drefs,
To be '1 axallan enemies I guefs.

Orydeni Indian Emperor,

A'mbushment. n.f. [domambufi ; which
fee.] Ambufh ; furprife : a word now
not ufed.

Like as a wily fox, that having fpied
Where on a funny bank the lambs do play,

Full clofcly creeping by the hinder fjdc.
Lies in ambiijhment of his hoped prey. Spcrtfer,-

Ambu'st. adj. [ambujius, Lat.] Kurnt.;
fcalded. Diff,

Ambu'stion. n.f, [ambuflio, Lat.] A
burn ; a fcald.

A'm EL. n.f. [email, Fr.] The matter
with which the variegated works are
overlaid, which we call enamelled.

The matcrijls of glafs melted with calcined
tin, compolc an undiaphanous body. This white
amel is the b.ifis of all thofe fine concretes tliat
goldfmiths and artificers employ in the curious
art of enamelling. Boyle on Colours,-

AMKN. adv. [a word of which the ori-
ginal has given rife to many conjeftures.
Scaliger writes, that it is Arabick ; p. J
the Rabbles make it the compound of
the initials of three words, fignifying
the Lord is a faithful king ; but the word
feems merely Hebrew, \ni>., which, with
along train of derivatives, fignifies firm-
nefs, certainty, fidelity.] A term ufed
in devotions, by which, at the end of a
prayer, we mean, Jo be it ; at the end
of a creed, yo /'/ is.

8. One

A M E

One cried, God bUrs lu ! and, jfnM / die
oti.er,
A« they had I'ecn me with thefe hangman's hands.
J.i/lening their I'car, I could not fay ylmen,
When they did fay Cod blefs us. Shakcfp, Mach.

BIclTtd be the Lord God of Ifi'ael, from erer-
lafting and to everlafling, Amin and amm.

Pfaltn xli. 13.
Ame'nablb. adj. [<ime/nah!c, Fr. amencr
qutlqu'un, in the French courts, figni-
fies, to oblige one to appear to anCwer
a chaige exhibited againft liim.] Rc-
fpoiifible ; fubjett fo as to be? liable to
enquiries or accounts.

Aiain, bccaul'e the inf'riour fort were loofs
«nd poor, and not amenabh to the law, he pro-
vided, by another adV, that five of the bell and
eldeft pcrfons of every fept, Asuld bring in all the
idle pcrfons of their fumatne, to be ju!^ilied by the
law. Sir Jdhr. Dank: on Ireland.

A'menage. 7 n.f. [They feem to come
A'menance. 3 from flWMcr, Fr.] Con-
daft ; behaviour ; mien ; words dif-
ufed.

For he is fit to ufe in all afi'ay^
Whether for arms and wariilcc amenanct.
Or eJie for wife and civil governance, Sjxvfer,

Well kend him fo far fpace,
Th' enchanter, by his arms and ammar.ce.
When under him he faw his Lybian fteed to
prance. Fairy S>ueen.

To AME'ND. 1/. a. {amender, Fr. emendo,

Lat.]
t . To correift ; to change any thing that

is wrong to fomething better.
2. To reform the life, or leave wiclced-
nefsi In thefe two cafes we ufually
write maid. See M e r; n .

Ameml-jaMT ways and your doings, and I will
ictiife you to dwell in this place, Jercm. vii. 3.

5. To reflore paffagcs in writers, which
the copiers are iiuppofed to have de-
praved ; to recover the true reading.

JToAmb'nd. 1/. «. To grow better. To
amend differs from to impro've ; to im-
fro<ve fuppofes or not denies that the
thing is well already, but to amend im-
plies fomething wrong.

As my fortune either amend: or impairs, I may
declare it unto you. Sidn.y.

At his touch
Such fenftity hath Heaven given his hand.
They prefently amend. Statefp. Machtth.

■AMENDE, n. f [French.] This word, in
French, fignifits a fine, by whirh recom-
pence is fuppofed to be made for the
fault committed. We ufe, in a cogn.ite
fignification, the word amends.

oAme'ndment. n.f. [amendemenf,'Br.'\

1, A change from bad for the better.

Before it Was prefcntcd on the ftage, fomc
things in it have pafled your approbation and
vninidmtnt. DryJui.

Man is always msnding and altering his works;
but nature obferves the fame tenour, bccaule her
works are fo pcrfeft, that there is no place for
air.tndments ; nsthing that cait be reprehended.

Ray on the Creation.

TItete are many natural defriVs in the undcr-
ftanding, xapabic of cmftidKent, which arc over-
looked and wholly negleded. Ltcki.

2. Reformation of life.

Our Lord and Saviour was of opinion, that
they which would not be drawn to amendment of
lifr, by the tcftimony which Mofes and the pro-
phets have given, concerning the miferies tliat
ibUuw finners after. death, were not likely to be
perfoaded by other means, although God from the
dead'Oioiild'have raJfed tJicin up preachers.

Bnier,

A M E

Behold ! famine and plague, tribuUtioa ind
angMiih, are fent as fcotirget for ammdment.

a £fdras,xv], 19.
Though a ferious purpoie of amendment, and
true afls of contrition, before the habit, may be
accepted by God ; yet there is no fure judgment
whether this purpofe be ferious, or thefe afls
true iCtt of contrition.

Hammond*: Praliical Catecbijm.

3. Recovery of health.

Your honour's i>l yen hearing your amendment,
Are come to play a pleafant comedy. Shaief/i.

Ame'ndment. ti.f, [emendatio, Lat.] It
fignifies, in law, the correftion of an
errour committed in a procefs, and
cfpied before or after judgment ; and
foraetimes after the party's feeking ad-
vantage by the errour. Blount.

Ame'nder. n.f. [from amend.'\ The per-
fon that amends any thing.

Ame'nds. n.f. [amende, Fr. from which
it feems to be accidentally corrupted.]
Rccompence ; compenfatioa ; atone-
ment.

If I have too aufterely punifli'd you.
Your compcnfation mal:cs amends. Shakefpeare.

Of the amends recovered, little or nothing re-
turns to thofe that had fuffcred the wrong, but
commonly all runs into the prince's coffcs.

Raleigh's Effays.

Thets I, a pris'ner chain'd, fcarce freely draw
The air imprrfon'd alfo, clofe and damp,
Unwholefame draught ; but here 1 feel amends.
The bre.ith of heav'n frefli blowing, pure and

fweet, -•

With day-fpring born ; here leave me to rcfpire.

Mutin.

Some little hopes I have yet remaining, that 1
may make the world fime part of amends for
many ill piays, by an lieroick poem. Diyden.

11 our fouls be immortal, this make.'; abundant
amends and compcnfation for the frailties of life,
and fufterings of this ftate. TiiUi/ai.

It is a ftrong argument for retribution here-
after, that virtuous pcrf.)ns arc very often unfor-
tuoate, and vicious pcrfons profperous ; which
is repugnant to the nature of a licing, who ap-
pears infinitely wife and %ood in all his works ;
unlefs we may fuppofe tliat fuch a proniifcuous
diftribution, whiclr was neccffary f.^r carrying on
the defigns of providence in this life, will be rec-
tified and made amends for in another. SfeSatsr.

Ame'nity. n.f. [amenite, Fr. amceiiitas,
Lat.] Pleafantiicfs ; agreeablenefs of
Atuation.

If the fitujtion of Babylon v»as fuch atfirftrasin

the days of Herodotus, it was .a feat of amenity

and pleafure. Bretvn.

Amenta'ceous. adj. [amentatiu, Lat.]

Hanging as by a thread.

The pine tree hath amentaceous flowers or kat-
kin<. Miller.

To AME'RCE. a;, a. [amercier, Fr. o(phccf.-
nuit ij.it a/xipsTf, feems to give the ori-
ginal.]

1. To punifh with a pecuniary penalty ;
to exadl a fine ; to inflift a forfeiture.
It is a word originally juridical, but
adopted by other writers, and is ufed by
Spenfer of punilhments in general.

Where every one that mifiech ttien her make.
Shall be by him amerc'd with penance due.

Spenftr.
But I'll amerce you with fo ftrong a fine.
That you fiiall all repent the lofs of mine.

Sbakefpeare.

All the fuitors were confiderably amerced ; yet

tills proved but an inelTedual remedy for thofe

mifchiefs. Hale.

2. Sometimes with th« particle in before
the fine.

A M I

They (ball atr.eret him in an hundjcd ihekeis of
filver, and give them onto the father of the dam-
fel, becaufe he hath brought up an evil name upon
a vir/in of Ifrael. _ Deut. x%n. ii).

3. Sometimes it is ufed, in imitation of
the Greek coaftrudion, with the par-
ticle of.

Millions of fpiritt, for his fault amerc'd
0/" heav'n, and from eternal fplendours flung
For his revolt. Miliim.

Ame'rcer. n.f. \irom amerce.'\ He that
fcts a fine upon any mifdemeanour ; he
that decrees or inflidts any pecuniary
punirtiment or forfeiture,

Ame'rcement. \n.f. [from amerce.'^

Ame'rciamekt. jThe pecuniary pu-
niiliment of an offender, who (lands at
the mercy of the king, or other lord itt
his court. Convtll.

All amercements and fine* that Aall be impoftd
upon them, Ihall come unto thcmfelves.

&f ether's &ate of Ireland,

Ames ace. n.f. [a corruption of the word
ambs ace, which appears, from very old
authorities, to have been early foftened
by omitting the b.'\ Two ace's on two
dice.

But then my fludy was to cog the dice.
And dext'rou/ly to throw the lucky fice •.
To (hun amis ace, that fwept my flakes away ;
And watch the box, for fear they fliould convey
Falfe bones, and put upon me in the play.

Dryden,

A MESS. n.f. [corrupted from amice.] A
prieft's veftinent. Di/3.

Ametho'tjicai,. adj. [from a and me-
ihcd.] Outof.method; without method;
irregular.

A'METHYST. n.f [k^s'Slt©-, contrary
to wine, or contrary to drunkennefs ;
fo called, either becaufe it is not quite
of the colour of wine, or becaufe it was
imagined to prevent inebriation.]

A precious ftone of a violet colour, bordering on
purple. The oriental amethyft is the hardctl,
fcarceft, and moft valuable ; it is generally of a
dove colour, though fome are purple, and others
white like the diamond. The German is of a vio-
let colour, and t!ic Spanilh are of three forts ; the
bed are the.blacke.l or deepsil -violet ; othws are
aimoft quite white, and fonr.e few tinftured with
yellow. 1'he amctiyj} is not extrerociy Iiarvl, but
ealy to be engravtd upon, and is next in value to
the emerald. Satmy. Chixmberu

Some ftones approached th.» granule complex-
ion; and feveral nearly refembled tiie aineth:j!.

IVoyd-wardt

A'methyst (in heraldry] fignifies the
fame colour in a nobleman's coat, that
purj>ure does in a gentleman's.

Amethy'stine. adj. [from amclbyfi.]
Referabling an amethyll in colour.

A kind of ameihyfiine flint, not compofed of
cryftals or grains, but one entire malTy flronc.

A'MIABLE. adj. [aimable, Fr.]

1. Lovely ; pleafing.

That which is good in the aftiofls of men, doth
not only delight as profitable, but as amiable alfo.

Uuker,
She told her, wiiile ■flie kept it,
'Twould mike her amiable, fubdue my father
Entirely to her love ; but if flie loft it,
Or made a gift of it, my fatlier's eye
Should hold her loathed. Shakeff, Otlc/'o,

2. Pretending love ; (hewing love.

Lay amiable fiege to the honelty of this Ford's
wife ; ufe your art of wooing. Shakcffeare.

A'MiABLEKEss.w.y; [from amiable.] The

quality

AMI

qualify of bting amiable ; lovelinefs ;
pc'.v-'r oi' riiiing love.

-. the nauir^ g'i'Sy and amabUmJi of

:ri;n wears off, they have noihing left

to ..i them, but tie by among the lumber

and ■' I :! ■ . f th«? fpeeies. Addifcn,

-A'miai;:,y. adnj. [fTom.^miaHe.'\ In an
amiahle manner ; in fuch a maBner as
to excite love.

ATillCABLE. adj. [amicabiJh, Lat. ]
Friendly ; kind. It is commonly ufcd
of more than one ; as, they live in an
amicable manner ; but we feldom fay,
an amicahlt aftion, or an amicable man,
though it be fo ufed in this paffage.

0 grace fere oe ! oil vutiie heav'oly fair,
Divine oblivion of low-thoughied care !
Freih blooming hope, gay daughter of the flty !
And faith, our early immortality !

Enter each inild, each amkaile gueft ;
Receive and wrap me in eternal icft. p€fe.

A'micablekess. »./. [from amicable. '\
The quality of being amicable; friend-
linefs ; goodwill.
A'micably. ad-v. [from amicahU.'\ In an
amicable manner ; in a friendly way ;
with goodwill and concord.

They fee
Through the dun mift, in blooming beauty frefli.
Two lovely jouth«, that amUshly wilkt
Oer verdant meads, and pleas'd, pcrbapf, r«volv'd
Anna's late conqueft^. Philifs.

1 found my fubjt'c^s amicaliy join

To leffen their ceretts, by citing mine. friar.
In Holland itfelf, where it is pretended that
the variety of ft£ti live fo amkally together, it is
notorious how a turbulent part), j.>ining wi:h the
Arminians, did attempt to deft.oy the repubiick.
Svi/i'i Church of Engf:ind Man,
A'micb. n.f. [amiiius, Lat. amia, Fr.
Primum ex fix indumentii epij'ccpo {^ pref-
bjteriis communibits funt , amiiSiiv alba,
cinguhm, fiola, manifulus , i3 planela. Du
Cange. yliniiius quo collum Jlringttur,
y peSus ttgitur, cajlita'.em inlcricris ho-
tninis drfignat : tegit enim cor, ne sani-
tates cog! 1 el ; Jhingit out em collum, ne inde
ad linguam tranfeat rm/idacium. Bruno.]
The firft or undernioft part of a priell's
habit, over which he wears the alb.

Thus piU'd the night fofoul, till morning fjir
Came forth with pilitim fteps in amict grey.

Milt>n,

On fome a prieft, fuccind in aniUe white.
Attends. . Pipe.

Ahi'd. 7 f'''P- [from a and mid, or
Ami'dst. 5 midj}.]
i. In the midft ; equally dillant from
either extremity.

Of the fruit
Of each tree in the garden we mny eat j
But of the fruit of this fa r tree amitiji
The garden, God hath lajd, ye ihall not eat.

Milton.
The two ports, the bagnio, and Donatelli's
fiatue of the gj'iJt duke, an:tdji the four flavcs,
chained to bit pedcftal, are very noble fights.

. Addijun.

2. Mingled with ; furrounded by ; in the
ambit of another thing.

Arrid my flock with wot my voice I tear.
And, but bewitch'J, who a< his tlock would moan ?

Sidn<y.
So hills nmld the air encountf r'd hills,
\ M to and fro with jaculalion dire. Miltcn.
^ave 1 donr, to name that wealthy fwain,
>n:A^ my cryital flreams I bring,
;.. winds to blaft my flow'ry fpiing.

0rydcn.

AMI

Amtta's breaft the fury thus mvtdes,
And fires with rage aaid the fylvan fliades,

Prjdrn.

3. Amon^ft; conjoined with.

What tho' no real voice nor found
jimd their radiant orbs be found ?
In reafon's ear they all ryoice.
And utter forth a glorious voice,
for ever llnging, as they i^ine,
" The hand th.it made us is divine." AUHJ^n,

Ami'ss. ad'v. [from a, which, in this form
of compoiition, often fignifies according
to, and mi/s, the Englifli particle, which
fhews aay thing, like the Greek ■va.fi,
to be wrong, as, to mi/count, to count
erroneoufly > to mifdo, to commit a
crime : amifs therefore fignifies net right,
or out of order. ^

I. Faulty ; criminal.

For that which thou haft fworn to do emifa.
Is yet jKJ/i, when it is truly dm.e.

Sbake'p, King Jihri.

z. Faultily ; criminally.

We hope therefore to reform ourfelvcs, if at
any time we hare done amift, is not to fever our-
fclves from the church we were of before, lltaker.

O ye powers that fearch
The heart of man, and weigh his inmoft thoughts.
If J have done amijs, impute it not ! Addijon,

3. In an ill fenfe.

She figh'd withal, they conftru'd all amifi.
And thought (he wifii'd to kill who long'd ti kifs.

Ftiitfax.

4. Wrong ; improper ; unfit.

Examples have not generally the force of laws,
which ail men ought to keep, but of counfcls
only and pcrfuafions, not amiji to be followed by
them, whife cafe is the like. Htakcr.

Methinks, though a man had all fcienc:, and
all principles, yet it mi^ht not be avtifi to hav^
fome confciencc. I'i/iutfon,

5. Wrong; not according to the perfec-
tion of the thing, whatever it be.

V'our kindred is nut much amils, 'i:s true j
Yet I am fumewhit better born than you. Dryd.

I buiii a wait, and when the mafons played the
kna-.es, nothing delighted mc fo m^xh as to Hand
by, while my fervants threw down what was amif;.

Svift

6. Reproachful ; irreverent.

£very peopie, oatiun, and language, which
fp;ak any thing amiji .igainft the God of Sha-
drach, Melhach, anJ Abednego, fliall be cut in
piece;, and their houfcs Ihall be made a dungSill ;
becaufe there it no ether God that can deliver
after this furt. DanidfU'i. z^.

/.Impaired in health; as, I was forae-
what ami/s yefterday, but am well to-
day.

8. Jmi/s is marked as an adverb, though
it caonot always be adverbially render-
ed ; becaufe it always follows the lub-
llancive to which it relates, contrary to
the nature of adjcdlives in Englilh ;
and though we fay the aflion was amifs,
we never fay an amifs adlion.

9. j^mifs is ufed by Shaiejpeare as a noun
fubllantive.

To my lick foul, as fin's true nature is.
Each toy feems ptologue to fome great amifs.

Hamlet,
Ami'ssion. n.f. [ami^o, Lat.] Lofs.
To Ami't. "v. a. [ann/to, Lat.] To lofe :
a word little in ufe.

Ice is water congealed by the frigidity of the
air, whereby it acquircth no new form, but rather
a conHftence or determination of its dilBucncy,
and emuutb not its elliuice, but condition of Aui-
dity. Brown's Vulgar Ernurt,

A M M

A'mity. m,/, [amities Fr. amicitia, Lat. J
Friendfhip, whether publick between
naiions, oppofed to 'a«r; or among tha
people, oppofed to difccrd-^ or between
private perfons.

Th^ prophet David did think, that the very
meeting of men together, ana their accompanying
one aiiother to the houle of God, ihouid make
the bund of rheir love infoiubJe, and tic them
in a league of inviol.ible amUy, Hooker,

The monarchy of Great Biitain was in league
and am':ty with all the world.

Sir ^ohn Daviet on IrtlamU

You have a noble and a true conceit .

Of gcdlilce amity \ which appears moil ftrongly
In bearing thus the abfence of your lord. Sbakefp^

And ye, oh Tyrians, with immortal hate
Purfuc this race, this fervice dedicate
To my deplored afljes j let there be
'Twixt us and tliem no league nur atuUy, Vctrhum*

AMMO'NIAC. «. /, The name of a
'drug.

Gum Ammoniac is brought from the £ail la-
dies, and is fuppofed to ooze frum an umbcliifer-
rtus plant. Diofcorldes fay'i) it is the juice of ■ a
kind of ferula growing in Barbary, and the plant Ts
called agafyliiu Fliny calls the tree metopion^
which, he lays, grows near the Temple of Jupiter
Anaraon, whence the gum takes its name. It
ou^ht to be in dry drops, whice within, yeiJowiOi
without, eafily fufible, refinous, fomewhat bitter>
and of a very iharp tartc and fmell, fomewhat |ike
garlick. This gum is faid to have fcrved the an-
cients for incenfc, in their facrifices.

Sa-vary, 7ren/oux,

Sal Ammoniac is a volatile fait of two kinds, an-
cient and modern. The ancient fort, defcribed.
by Pliny and Diofcorldes, was a native fait, gene-
rated in thoic large inns where the crowds of pil-
grims, coming from the temple of Jupiter Ammoo,
ufed to lodge ; who travelling upon camels, and
thofe creatures in Cyrcne, where that celebrated
temple ftood, urining in the ftables, or in the
parched fands, out of this urine, which is remark-
ably ftrong, arofe a kind of fait, denominated fome-
timcs from the temple, j^mmtmacy and fometiniCa
from the country, Cyreniac, No m-rc cf this lalt
is produced cheie5 and, from this deficiency, foine
fufpedt thf^re never was any fuch thing: but tliia
fulpicion is removed, by tfae large quantities of a
fj);, nearly of the fame nature, thrown out by
mount j^tna.

The modern fai ammoniac is made in £gypt ;
wheie long-ncckcd glafs bottles, filled with loot,
a little fea fait, and the urine of cattle, and hav-
ing their mouths luted with a piece of wet cotton^
are placed over an oven or furnace, in a thick bed
of alhes, nothing but the necks appearing, and
kept there two cays and a night, with a conti-
nual ftrong fire. The ileam fwclls up the cotton*
and forms a parte at the vent-hole, hindering the
faltj from evaporating j which ilick to the top of
the bottle, and aie tak.cn out in thofe large cake^,
which they feud to England. Only foot exhaled
from dung, li the proper ingredient in this pre-
paration i and the dung of camels aifurds the
ihongeft.

Our chymifts imitate the 'B^y^Htan/a/ ammoniat^
by adding one part of common fait to five of
urine; with which fome mix that quantity of
foot, and putting the whole in a veiid, tlicy r.iife
from it, by fublimation, a while, friable, farina-
ceous fubfiance, which they cAlJuI ammcniac*

Chambtrs»

Ammonx'acal. adj, [from ammoniac'^
Having the properties of ammoniac fait.

Human blood calcined, yields no fixed faltj
nor is it a fal ammoniac j for that remains im-
mutable at'rcr repeated diftillations; and dirtilla-
tion dcllroys the ammon'iaraj (juality of anijnal
faiti, and turns them alkaline : fo that it is a
fait neither quite fixed, run qiiiLe volatile, nor
quite acid, nor quite aikal'ne, nor quite ammoni-
acal J but foft and benign, approaciung nearcft to
tlie natuxe of fa] ammoniac. ^l-Outkn^t^

Ammu*

A M O

A M O

AMP

Ammcki'tiok. »./. [fuppored by fome
to come from amonitio, which, in the
barbarous ages, feems to have fignified
fupply of proviilon ; but it furely may
be more reafonably derived from vtu-
ttilio, fortification ; cho/es a munitions,
things for the forueffes.] Military
Hores.

They muft make themfdvcs defenfible agiinft
ftr>nger$ ; and muft have the jfliftance of fomf
»ble military man, and convenient arms and
ammunition for their defence. Baca.

The colonel ftaid to put in the ammunition he
brought with him ; which was only twelve bar-
reli of powder, and twelve hundred weight of
match. Clarendcn,

All the rich mines of learning ranfackt are.
To furnilh ammunition for this war. Diniam>

But now his (lores of ammunition fpent.
His naked valour is his only guard :

Rare thunders are from his dumb cannon fent.
And folitary guns are fcarcely heard. Drydtn.

Ammuni'tion bread, n.f. Bread for
the fupply of the armies or garrifons.

A'mnestv. n.f [autrsM.] An aft of
oblivion ; an aft by which crimes a-
gainfl the government, to a certain
time, are fo obliterated, that they can
never be brought into charge.

I never read of a law enafted to take away the
force of all laws, by which a man may fafely
commit upon the laft of June, what he would
infallibly be hanged for, if he committed it on
the firft of July ; by which the greateil criminals
may efcape, provided they continue long enough
in power to antiquate their crimes, and, b;
ftifling them awhile, deceive the legillatufe into
an amrejiy. Sivift.

Amn'i'colist. n.f. {ammcola,'LaA.'\ In-
habiting near a river. DiS.

AM.Ni'ciNOus. n.f. [amnigenus, 'L?A.'\
Born of a river. DiS.

AMNION. In./. [Lat. perhaps from

J'MNIOS. S «/«*'&•.]

The innermoft membrane with which the ftetus
in the womb is moft immediately covered, and
with which the reft of the I'ecundines, the cho-
rion, and alantois, are ejeftcd after birth. It is
whitc-r and thinner than the chorion. It alfo con-
tains ■ nutritious humour, fcparate-i b^ glands for
that purpofe, with which the foetus is prcferved. It
U outwardly cioathed with the urinary membrane
and the choriin, which fometimes ftick fo clofc to
one another, that they can fcarce be feparatcd. It
has alfoiu veflclefrom the fame origin as the cho-
rion. Shiimy.

AMO'MUM. n.f. [Lat.] A fort of fruit.

The commentators on Pliny and Diofcoridcs fup-
pofc it to he a fruit diftirrent from ours. The mo-
dern amomum appears to be the__^fl of the ancients,
or bajiard fitme-parjUy, It refembles the mufcat
grape. This fruit is brought from the Eaft In-
dies, and makes part of treacle. It is of a hot
fpicy tartc and fmcll. Ttcnjoux. Ciambcts.

Amo'nc. \prep. [aman5,3eraan3, Sax-
Amo'ncst. j on.]
I. Mingled with; placed with other per-
fons or things on every fide.

jimbngji llravvbcrrics fow here and there fome
borage-lted ; and you (hall find the (Irawberrics
under thofe leaves far more large than their fel-
lows* BiUcn.

The voice of God they heard.
Now walking in the garden, by foft winds
Brought to their ears, while day dedia'd : they

heard,
And from his prefence hid thcmfelves, am^ng
The thickcft trcis, both man and wilj. Milton.

1. Conjoined with others, fo as to make
pai't of the number.

I hive then, m you fee, obferved the failings
of many great wits amangft the moderni, who
have attempted to write an epic poem. Dryden.

There were, among the olu Roman ftatucs,
feveral of Venus in di(ferent pofturea and habits j
as there are many particular figures of her made
after the fame defign. jiddijon.

A'morist, n.f. [from amour.'] An ina-
morato ; a gallant ; a man profeiSng
love.

Female beautiei are as fickle In their facei as
their minds ; though cafuilties Ibould fpare them,
age brings in a necclTity of decay ; leaving dotcr^
upon red and white perplexed by incertainty
both of the continuance of their miftrefs's kind-
nefs, and her beauty, both which are neced'ary to
the amorijl^s joys and quiet. Boyle.

JMORO'SO. n.f [Ital.] A man- ena-
moured. Dia.
A'morous. adj. [amorofo, Ital.]

1 . In love ; enamoured ; with the par-
ticle of before the thing loved ; in
Shttkefpeare, on.

Sure my brother is amorous on Hero ; and hath
withdrawn her father to break with him about it.

Sbakcfpfare.
The amorous mafter ownM her potent eyes,
Sigh'd when he lookM, and trembled as he drew j
Each flowing line confirin'd his firft furprize.
And as the piece advanced, the paflion grew.

Prior.

2. Naturally inclined to love ; difpofed to
fondnefs ; fond.

Apes, as foon as they have brought forth their
young, keep their eyes faftencd on them, and are
never weary of admiring their beautyj fo amoroiti
is nature o/'whatfoever flie produces.

Dryden''i Dufrefnoy.

3. Relating, or belonging to love.

I that am not (hap*d for fportivc tiicks,
Nor made to court an amorous looking-gtaffs,
I, that am rudely ftampt. Shahefp. Rich. III.

And into all things from her air infpir'd
The fpirit of love, and amorous delight. Miltcn.

In the amorous net
Firft caught theylik'dj and each his liking chofe.

Mill'jn.

O ! how I long my carelefs limbs to lay
Under the plantane's (hade, and all the day
With amorous airs my fancy entertain,
Invoke the mufes, and improve my vein \ IVaVer.

A'M0R0usLy.a</i/. [fromfl/»oro»/.] Fond-
ly ; lovingly.

When thou wilt fwlm in that live-bath,
Each fi(h, which every channel hath.
Will amoroujly to thee fwim.
Gladder to catch tiiee, than thou him. Donne.

A'morousness. «. f [from amorous.'}
The quality of being amo'°x>us ; fond-
nels ; lovingnefs ; love.

AU Gynecia*s actions were interpreted by Bafi-
lius, as proceeding from jealoufy of his amcrouf-
nejs. Sidney.

Lindamor has wit, and amorcufnefs enough to
make him (jnd it more eafy to defend fair ladies,
than to defend himlelf againft them.

Boyle on Cohtfrs,

JMO'RT. aJv. [a la mort, Fr.] In the

Hate of the dead; dejefted ; depreffed ;

fpiritlefs.

How fares my Kate ? what, fweeting, all amort f

Sbitk Jp. Taming of the Shrcii •

AmOrtiza'tion. 1 n. f. [amorttfeinea/,
Amo'rtizement.J amorlijfahle, Fr.]
The right or aft of transferring lands
to mortmain ; that is, to fome commu-
nity, that never is to ceafe.

Every one of the religious orders was confirmed
by one pope or other; and they made an elpecial

provifion for them, after the lawi of amonixatim
were devlfed and put in ufe by princes.

Ayliffe't Parergon yurit Caneaiei.

To AMORTIZE. -V. a. [amertir, Fr.] To
alien lands or tenements to any corpo-
ration, guild, or fraternity, and their
fucceflbrs ; which cannot be done withr
out licence of the king, and the lord of
the manour. Blount.

This did concern the kingdom, to have farms
fufiicient to maintain an able body out of penury,
and to amortize part of the lands unto the yeo-
manry, or middle part of the people. Baccn.

To Amo've. 1/. a. [anoveo, Lat.]

I. To remove from a port or rtation : a
juridical fenfe.

z. To remove ; to move ; to alter : a
fenfe now out of ufe.

Therewith, amoved from his fober mood.
And lives he yet, faid he, that wrought this t€t f
And do the heavens afford him vital food ?

Fairy S^teii'
At her fo piteous cry was much amoved
Her champion ftout. Fairy S/ueeii,

•To A Mo'u NT. a;, «. [monter. Ft.]

1. To rife to in the accumulative quan-
tity ; to compofe in the whole ; with
the particle to. It is ufed of feveral
fums in quantities added together.

Let us compute a little more particularly how

much this will amount to, or how many oceans

of water would be necelTary to compole this great

ocean rowliog in the air, without bounds or banks.

Burnet's Theory,

2. It is ufed, figuratively, of the confe-
quence rifing from any thing taken al-
together.

The errours of young men are the ruin of bufi-
nefs ; but the errours of aged men amount but to
this, that more might have been done, or fooner.

Bacon*
Judgments that are made on the wrong fide of
the d .nger, amount to no more than an afi'e£tation
of Jkiil, without either credit or effed.

VEfirange,

Amo'unt. n.f. [from To amount.] The
fum total ; the refult of feveral fums or
quantities accumulated.

And nnv, ye lying vanities of life.
Where are you now, and what is your amountt
Vexation, dllappointmcnt, and rcmorfe. Thcmfon.
Amo'ur. n.f. [amour, Fr. amor, Lat.] An
afi'air of gallantry ; an intrigue : gene-
rally ufed of vitious love. The ou
founds like 00 in poor.

No man is of fo general and diflAifive a luft, as
to prolecute his amours all the world over; and
let it burn never fo outrageoufty, yet the impure
flame will either die of itfelf, or confume the body
that harbours it. South,

The rertlcfs youth fe.irch'd all the world around;
But how can Jove in his amours be found ?

^dd;f!.n.

A'mper. n.f. [amppp. Sax.] A tumour,
with inflammation ; bite : a word faid,
by Skinner, to be much in ufe in Effcx ;
but, perhaps, not found in books-.
AMPHl'BIOUS. adj. [S^<p. and ^1©-.]
I. That which partakes of two natures, fo
as to live in two elements ; as, in air
and water.

A creature nf amphibious nature,
Onlmd a bcift, a filh in water. Iludibras.

Thofe are called amphibious, which live ficely
in the air, upon th- earth, and )et are obfcrved to
live long ijpoo water, as it they were natural in-
habitants of that clement; t.iough it be W(trth
the examination to know, whether any of xhoft
creatures that live at cale, and by choice, a good

while.

AMP

♦hile, et: rt any time, «p«n the *arth, e»n live, a
long time t"ge:her, perfeftly under water, iocij.
f idles contain much oil, and amfhHi:us animals
partijiiMCe fome\vhat of the nature of fiflies, end
are oily. Arbutknoi.

a. Of a mixt nature, in allufion to ani-
mals that live in air and water.

Traul^i -f jKf hihicus breed.
Motley fi uic of inun^^rel fee4-v
By Cii dim from lordlings fprung.
By the fire exhaled irom dung. Sto:/!.

AMPHi'sioustfESS. n. /. [from arrt.hi-
tious.] The quality of being able to
live in difterent elements.
Am p H I bolo'g I c a l . ai^. [from amphibo-
logy.'^ Doubtful.
Amphibolo'oicali.y. aJ-j. [from aw -
phihological.l Doubtfully ; with a doubt-
ful meaning.
AMPHIBO'LOGY. ». /. [S^i^.Co^o^ia.]
Dii'courfe of uncertain meaning. It is
diflinguiihed from equl-jocation, which
means the double fignincation of a fmgle
word; as, noli rcg<m oc cider e timere bo-
num tft, is amphihclogy ; captate Upores,
meaning, by Ifperes, either hares or jells,
is equi'VDCittion.

Now the fallacies, whereby men deceive others,
and arc deceived thcmfelves, the ancients have
divided into verbal and real ; of the verbal, and
fuch as conclude from miftakes of the word, there
»rc but two worthy our notauon ; the fallacy of
equivocation, and amfhlbohfry.

Brvtcn'i Vulgar Errcurt.
He that aifirm'd, 'gainll fenfe, fnovr black to be,
Mi^ht prove it by this empiil/'^h^y j
Things are not what they fcem.

ytrfei Oft Ckaveland,
In defining obvious appearances, we are to ule
what is mort plain and eafy ; that the mind be not
milled hy amfhlhtcgies into fallacious dcduflions.

Glamjillc.

Amphi'bolous. iidj. [J/x^i and ^aUv.]
Tofled from one to anothei: j fluking
each way.

X -hcK foch an ttrft'-'^-' — — r--r-L

botl ring •Lhertifclves 10. -d

inak ^ - - . V name in all their i : ,

to juftify their ailions. Huac/.'.

Auphi'logy. k. /. [«f«fi and tay^-.]
Equivocation; ambig^iity. . ;. Dt3.

JMPHISB.'E'NA. n.f. [Ltt.i^.^.tr€ii.,.]
A fcrpent fuppofcd to have two heads,
and by confeqaence tomove wiflt eiAer'
end foremoil. ■ , . ,',

That th': ar:; '"■— •, 'Hit !»,' a Imailer'kind
of ferprnt, «!ii^ w.ird and backward,

hath twn heal , -her extreme, was af-

firmed by N^cander. and others.

' '- ■■ T ' / Jir',fvn's Vuher Emayt. ^
Scnrpion, and a'fpi xaianpbijbant dire.

, .,//;.',■ 71.

JMPHrSClI. fij /: [Lat. ,i,i.<?'.fx.o., of
mfi.^\ andffxia, a fhadow.l 'JTlofe peoplci
dwelling lb- climates, yvherein ihi?. (lia-
dows, a: different times of the year,
fall both ways; to the north'pole.when
the fun is in the fouthern figns ; and. to
thj fouth j>oJc, when he is in l!..
thern figns. TheCf are the pcoj
inhabit the torrid zone. '

A M p H I r H e'a ; r e . n. ft [of aii3>Aia.Te'j't
of uuipi and 5i^o//ai.] A building m a'
circular or oval fo-m, having its ar^-i
encorapalTcd wiih rows of feats one a-
Love another; where fpdftatoxs' mi^hc
Vol. I.

^A- M ■ P

behold fpetlacles, as ftage-plays, or
gladiators. The theatres of the an-
cients were built in the form of a femi-
circle, only exceeding a juft femicircl^
by one fourth part of the diameter ;
and the amphitheatre is two theatres
joined together; (o that the lOngciJ
diameter of the amphitneitre vyas to the
Ihortell, as one and a half to one.

Within, an am^hUh-satre appear'd
Rais'd in degrees ; to fixty paces rear'd,
That when a man was plac'd in one degree,
Heig'^t was allowM for him above to fee. Drjden.
Concei\e a man placed in the burning iron'
chair at Lyons, amid the infults and mpckerit.-s of
a crowded am^hithiatre\zni ftill keeping Iiis feat;
or ftrcrched upon a grate of iron, over coals of.iire,;
and breathing out his foul among the exquiOtc
fufFcrings of fuch a tedious execution, rather (han
renounce his religion, or blafphcme bis Saviour.

Add'tjon:
A'MPLE. adj. [amflus, Lat.]
I. Large; wide; extended,
Heav'n dcfcendj
In univerfal bounty, fliedding herbs.
And fruits, and flowers, on Katurc's amp/e luf,

Ihimfon.

z. Great in b'llk.

Did your letters pierce the queen to any demon-
iliation of grief ?

She took 'cm, and read 'em in myprefencc,
And now and then ^n ample tear trill'd down
Her delicate cheeks. Shaktfp. King Lear,

3. -Unlimited ; without rellriftion.

Have what you alk, your prcfcnts I receive ; ,
Land where and when you pleafe, with amplt leave.

Drydin.'

4. Liberal ; large ; without parfimony.

If we fpeak of ftrid juftice, GoJ could no way
have been bound to requite man's labours in fo
large and amflt manner as human felicity doth
import ; in as much as the dignity 0^ this exceed-
cth lb far the other's value. Hocko:

5. Magnificerit ; fplendid.

To difpofe the prince the morcwiUinglv to un-'
dert^e his relief, the carl made nvpie promifes,
that, within fo many days after the fiege thould be)
raifed, he would advance his highnefa'b levies with
two th.'ufand men. , , Clarencor.

6. DifFufive ; not contrafled ; as, an am-
ple narrative, that is, not an epitome.

A'mpleness. ft./, [from ai/tple.'\ The qua-,
litj of being ample j largenefs j fplen-
doUr.' '■ =

fill far a perfon.of.piyj^onditionjtf)

proi^t; ., in prop6rtion,ej£hcr to t'le t^m-'

plriyj' rt the body yju rcprefcnr, or oif the pfaccsj

yiiu oear. .'iuitl'.i

To A'Mf LI ATZ. v. a. [a»!pliOf hzt.J To

enlarge ; to mal;e greater ; to extend. 1

He fliall look wpon it, not to cradufe or. axte-i

n'^-'j-i^ut fpieiplain and dilucid/tte, to i«ddand

' aiptriair. , . , " ■ t ^rmrn^

AmpI.! A'tio'n. >i.\f [fpom (impliale'.Y

1. Enlargesiitor ; '.e'xafegeratloD :' ext'en-'
^'"fibfV. J;' '--•'■'.'";■■ ^•■; ■.. ^.^. >

Odimii matterS'atfm'fc rior'oif"an amphi/tiiS, but
en)^t to Be rcltrained and interpreted' in tli'e irilded
fenft. ' Ayliffa'i Parargi,n.

2. DjfFBrenefs; enl.iygenient. , ,

The obfcurity ot the lubjtft, and the prejudice!

' " :>-,... ,1 ,^^^ plcfd CX-]

thjt n?.iy be
. . - :-; Iclf plain and

fin.". til,{d,-r.

Te Ampli'picate.*. /j.'[<jw^///fc«,.Lat.]

To enlarge; to fpreadout ; to amplify.

. ^ Dia.

Amplifica'tion. ». yr \ampUjication,
Ft, ampl^caiio. Lit.]

AMP

1. Enlargement; extenfion.

2. It is uiually taken in a rhetorical fenfe,
and implies exaggerated reprefentation,
or diftufe narrative ; an image height-
ened beyond reality ; a narrative en-
larged with many circumftances.

I ihall fummarily, without any amplijicalhn at
all, fiicw ia what manner defects have been fup-
plied. Dav'tet.

'1 hings unknown feem greater than they are,
and are ufually received with amplificaticrs above
their nature. Brc-jin'i Vulgar Erroars,

Is the poet juftlfiable for relating fuch incredibla'
einpl{l>"'t">tii f It niay be anfwered, if he had put
thele extravagances into the mouth of Ulyffes, he
had been un(>arJonable ; but they fult well the
charaftpr of Alcinous. F'l '•

A'mpsk^ier.b./ \(romTo amplify.'] One
that enlarges any thing ; one that ex-
aggerates ; one that reprefents any
thing wiih a large difplay of the belt
circumftances ; it being ufually taken
in a good fenfe.

Dorillaus could need no amplifitr's inouth for
the higheft point of ptaifc. . E'ulney.

To A' MVLIV\ . -v. a. [amplifer, Fr.]

1 . To enlarge ; to increafe any material
fubftance, or objeft of fenfe.

So when a great moneyed man hath divided hi«
chefts, and coins, and bags, he fecmeth to him-
felf richer than he was : and therefore a way to
amplify any thing, is to break it, and to make
anatomy of it in feveral parts, and to examine it
according to the feveral circumftances. Baccn,

All concaves that proceed fiom more narrow to
more'brt>ad, io amplify the found at the coming
out. Bacon.

2. To enlarge, or extend any thing in-
corporeal.

As the reputation of the Roman prelates grew
up in thefe blind ages, fo grew up in them withal
a defire oS ampUfing their power, that they might
be as great in temporal forces, as men's opinions
have formed them in fplrltual matters. Rahigh,

3. To exaggerate any thing; to enlarge
it by the manner of reprefentation.

Tl'.y general is my lover; I have been '
The book of h^s ^;ood afls; whence men have read
His fame unpariilel'd, haply aKpliJiid. Shaleff.

Since 1 have plainly laid open the negligence
and errours of every age that is paft, 1 would not
Willingly leem to flatter the prefent, by amplif/irg
thi diligence and true judgment of thole fervi-
toiirs that hiive laboured in this vineyard. Davits.

4. To enlarge ; to improve by new addi-
tions;

In paraphrafe the author's words are not ftriQIjr
follosved, his fenfe too is amplifd but not al-
tered, as W.iUcr's tranflation of Virgil. Drydeu.

1 feel age advancing, and my health is infufii-
cient to increafe and anptifj thele remarks, to
confirm and. improve thefe rules, and to illuminate
the fcye.al p.iges. YVatii.

To A'^MPLipy. 11. n. Frequently with the
• particle on.

I. To fpeak largely in many words ; to
lay one's felf out in diffufion.

When you jfieiV to amplify en the former
btanihfCi of a difcouii'e, you will often lay a nectl.
fltjiupyjii yourfelf of contrafliog the latter, and
Drevcrtt'yoijrfelf in die moll important pa" of
yourdcfign. • iVattii Lugid.

1. To form large or pompous reprefenta-

tions. .

An excellent medicjiw for the ftone might be
coni;eived, by amplifying apprehenfions ab'.e to
break a diamond. Bru'wii's Vulgar Errcurs.

I.haie fometimes been f)iced to amplify en

others i but hfie, wUeK the fubjeit li fo ftuittul,

I, that

AM P

that the h»rveft ovcrcoipei the reaper, I am
Oiofttnei by my chain. Drydm,

Homer amflijiny not invents ; and as thers
waj rrally a people called Cyclopcans, fo they
might be men ot' great naniic, or giants.

PcIk'i Odsffiy.
A'm p LI t u d e. «./. \ampUtmlc, t'lr. c.mpti-
tudo, Lat.j

1. Extent.

Whatever I look upon, within the amfittuie of
heaven and earth, is evidence ot human jgnoranrc.

Clami'iliu

2. Largenefs; greabiefs.

Men fliould learn how fp^cre a thing the t.-ue
inquifition of nature is, and accu(h>m themfclvcs,
by ihc light of particulars, to enlarge their minds
to the cmfftlttdc of the world, and not reduce the
world to the narrownefs of their minds. Bacun.

3. Capacity j extent of intelleftual faculi
ties. I

With more than liuraan gifts from beav'n
adorn'd,
PerfeQions abfolute, graces divine,
And amfUiuie of mind to greateft deeds. Milton^

4. Splendour ; grandeur ; dignity. '

In the great fiamc of kingdoms jnd common-
wealths, it is in the power of princes, or ertatcs,
to add emfliiudi and greatnefs to their kingJams.

Bacan'i EJpiys.

5. Copioufnefs ; abundance.

You flxould fay every thing which has a proper
and dircd tendency to this end j always propor-
tioning the amfHtudi of your matter, and the ful-
nefs of your difcourfej to your great defign ; the
length of your time, to tlie convenience of your
hrarrrs, IfiHis's Loguk,

6. Amplitude of the rangi of a frojeMe,
denotes the horizontal line fubtending
the path in which it moved.

7. Amplitude, in aftronomy, an arch of
the horizon, intercepted between the
true eaft and weft point thereof, and
the centre of the fun or ftar at its rifmg
or fetting. It is eaftern oi* ortive, when

. the liar rifes ; and welleni or occiiuous,
when the liar fets. The eailern or wcf
tern amplitude are alfo called northern
or fouthern, as they fall in the northern
or foulhern quarters of the horizon.

8. Magnetical amplitude is an arch of the
horizon contained between the fun at his
rifing, and the eaft or well point of the
compafs ; or, it is the difference of the
rifmg or fetting of the fun, from the
eaft or weft parts of the corapafs. ,

Cbambtrs.
A'm PLY. ad'V. [ampli, Lat.]

1. Largely ; liberally.

For whofe well-being.
So amply, and with hands fo liberal,
Thou haft provided all things. Mi/ton,

The evidence they had before was enough,
tafly enough, to convince them ; but they vvete
relolyed iwt to be convinced : and to thofe, who
are rcfolved not to b? convinced, all motives, all
arguments, are equal. Atttrbury.

2. At large ; without referve.

At return
Of him fo lately prom's'd to thy aid,
The woman's feed, obfcurcly then foretold,
"ticw airifBer known, thy Saviour, and thy Lord.

Milan,

3. At large ; copioufly ; with jt dilfufive
detail.

Some parts of a poem require to be amfly writ-
ten, and with all [he force and elegance o( words;
others muft be eaft- into (hadows; that is, piflcd
over in fileoce, or but faintly touched.

Dryam't Du/nfnoy

.JA.:M^U

To A'MPUTATE. *. a. [awputo, Lat.]
To cot off a limb : a wordufed only in
chirurgery.

Amongft the cruiters, it wwci^^UineJ, that
their furgeons were too aftivc in it'nfu'tat'ng ,fnc-
■fored memberf. ' ff^Jcmjn'iSurpry.

Amptjta'tion. «. f, [ampittatio, Lat.]
The operation of cutting off .> limb, or other
part of the body. The ufual method of perform-
ing it, in the inftancc <»t' a leg, is as follows. The
proper part for the operation being four or five
inclws below tiic knee, the ikin and flcfli are fi;ft
to be drawn very tight upwards, and fecured from
returning by a ligature two or three fingers broad :
above this ligature another loofe one is palTcd, for
the gripe ; which being twilled by means of a flick,
may be ftraitened to any degree at ple.'.fure. Then
the patient being conveniently fituated, and the
operator placed to the infide of the limb, which is
to be held by one afliftant above, and another be-
low the part defigned fur the operation, and the
gripe fufficiently twilled to prevent too large an
hemorrhage, the flclh is, with a ftroke or two, to
be feparated from the bone with the difmembering
knife. Then the perioftium being alfo divided
from the bone with the back of the knife, faw
the bone afunder, with as few (Irokes as pofliLIe.
When two parallel bones are concerned, the lU(h
tliat grows between them muft likewife be fepa-
rated before the ufe of the faw. This being done,
the gripe may be flackened, to give an opportunity
of fearching for the large blood veffels, and fecunng
the hemorrhage at their mouths. After making
proper applications to the ftump, loofen the firft,
ligature, and pull both the Ikin and the flelh, as far
as conveniently may be, over the ftump, to cover
it; and fecure thcni with the crofs flitch made at
the depth of half or three quarters of an inch in
the (kin. Then apply pledgets, ailringcnts, plaif-
ters, and other necelfaries. CkmwJ/cn,

The Amazons, by the nmfutatm of their right
breaft, had the freer ufe of their bow.

Srotvni Vulgar Errours*
A'm u LET. n.f. [amuktle, Fr. amuletum,
or amoletum, quod malum ainolitur, Lat.]
An appended remedy, or prefervative ; a
thing hung about the neck, or any other
part of the body, for preventing or cur-
ing of fome particular difeafes,

Ihat fpirits are c^irporeal, fecnu at firft view
a conceit derogative unto himfcif ; yet herein he
eftabiiOieth the doftrine of lutlrationo, amulm,
and charms. Brawn's Vulgar Errours.

They do not certainly know the fatfity of what
they report ; and their ignorance muft ferve you
as an arnnltt againft the guilt both of deceit and
malice. Gmtrnment of the 7cngue.

Amurco'sity. K.f. [amurca, Lat.] The
quality of lees or mother of any thing.

Did.
To AMU'SE. v. a. [amufer,FT.]
I. To entertain with tranquillity; to fill
with thoughts that engage the mind,
without dillrafting it. To divert im-
plies fomething more lively, and to
pleafe, fomething more important. It
is therefore frequently taken in a fenfe
bordering on contempt.

They think they fee vifions, and arc arrived to
fome extraordinary revelationf. ; when, indeed,
they do but dream dreams, a»d umujt themfclves
with the fanuftick ideas of a bufy Imagination.

Decay tf Piety.

I cannot think it natural for a man, who is
much in love, to amuji himfelf with triflef. Jt'aljh.

z. To draw on from time to time ; to
keep in e.xpcftation ; as, he amufed his
followers with idle promifes.

Amu'sement. n.f. [amufepunt, Fl-I That
which amufes ; entertainment.
Every inteicft or plcafure of life, ev«a the rooft

•AN A

trifling amufemtnl, is fuflfered to poApoce the one
thing neceflary. Rogers*

During his confinement, his amufement was to
give poifon to dogs and cats, and lee (hem expire
by flower jr quicktr torments. Pcpe^

I was left to Hand the battle, while others, wto
had better taknts than a dr.iper, thought it no un-
pleafant amufement to look on witn f ifety, whilft
another was giving them divcrfion at the haz.^rd of
his liberty. Svj'ift.

Amxj'ser. n. f. [amufear, Fr.] He that
amufes, as with falfe promifes. The
French word is always uken in an ill
fenfe,

Amu'sive. adj.\from.amttfe.'\ That which'
has the power of amufmg, 1 know not
that this is a current word.

But amaz'd.
Beholds th' armifive arch before him fly.
Then vaniOi quite away. Thomjin^

Am^'gdalate. adj. [amygdala, Lat,}
Made of almonds.

.■i M y' G D A L I N E . adj. [amygdala , Lat . ]
Relating to almonds ; relembling al-
monds.

An. article, [ane, Saxon ; ten, Dutch ; elne,
German.] The article indefinite, ufed
before a vowel, or h mute. See A.

1. One, but with lefs emphafis; as, there
ftands a houfe.

Since he cannot be always employed in Audy,
reading, and cunverfation, there will be many an
hour, befidcs what his exercifes will take up. Lode.

2. Any, or fome ; as, an elephant might
fwim in this water.

He was no way at on uncertainty, nor ever in thfr
Icaft at a lofs concerning any branch of it. Lute.

A wit 's a feather, and a chief a rod,
.'lit h.mcft man 'sthe nobleft wotk of God. Pafe.

3. Sometimes it fignifics, like a, fome par-
ticular ftate ; but this is now difufed.

It is certain that odours do, in a fnull degree,
nourifli ; efpccially the odour of wine ; and we
fee men fin hungred do love to frnell hot bread.

Bjecr.

4. An is fometimes, in dd authors, a con-
traflion of and if.

' He can't flatter, he I
An honeft mind and plain ; he muft fpeak truth,
y^H they will take it, fo ; if not, he's plain. Shtkefp.

5. Sometimes a contraftion of and before

if

Well I know
The clerk viill ne'er wear hair on 's face that had it.
— — He wll an i/he live to be a man. Shaitff,

6. Sometimes it is a contraftion of eu if.

My next pretty corrcfpondent, like Shake-
fpearc's lion in Pyramus and Thiibe, roars «»' it
were any nightingale. Addijon,

A'NA. ad'V, [«»<».] A word ufed in the
prefcriptions of phyfick, importing the
like quantity ; as, wine and honey, a
or ana ^ ii ; that is, of wine and honey
each two ounces.

In the fame weight innocence and prudence
take.
Ana of each does the juft mixture make, Coicley.

He'll bring an apodiecary with a chargeable long
billof<JM«. Dryden.

A'NA. n.f. Books fo called from the laft
fyjlables of their titles ; as, Scaligerana,
Thuaniana ; they are loofe thoughts, or
cafual hints, dropped by eminent men,
and collefted by their friends.

An aca'mptiCK. adj. [a»a«a/iwla-.] Re-

flefting, or reflefted ; an anacamptuk

found*.

A N A\

(band, an echo ; an anacamptUk hill, a
hill that produces an echo.

S A N A c a'm p T I c K s . /.'./. 'J'he doftri ne of
reflefted light, or catoptricks. It has
no fmgular.

I Anacatha'rtick. n.f. [See Cathar-
TicK.] Any medicine that works up-
wards, ^incy.

'^JNACEPHJLjEO'SIS. n. f. [<i,ax/f a-
y.ai«7t?.J Recapitulation, or fummary of
the principal heads of a difcourfe. DiS.
Ana'chorete. 7 n.f^ [fometimes viti-
Ana'chorite. 3 oufly written <7ffi:/>or/>f ;
asax'^^'mi-^ A monk who, with the
leave of his fuperiour, leaves the con-
vent for a more aullere and folitary life.

Yet lies not li^ve deai here, but here doth fit,
VowM to this trench, like an anacborite, Dortne,

Ana'chronism. ». /. [from a«» and
Xj^it^-] An errour in computing time,
by which events are mifplaced with re-
gard to each other. It fcems properly
to iignify an errour by which an event
is placed too early ; but is generally
ufed for any errour in chronology.

This leads me to the defence of the famous ana-
fhromijrry in making ^neas and Dido cotempora-
ries : for it is certain, that the hero lived almolt
two hundred years before the building of Carthage.

Dryd.r.

Anacla'tjcks. n. /. [aia a.nd K>jiu.]
The doftrine of refrafted light ; diop-
tricks. It has no lingular.

jtNJDIPLO'SIS. n.f. [<i,«J.-=7A„3-.{.] Re-
duplication ; a figure in rhetorick, in
which the laft word of a foregoing mem-
ber of a period becomes the firft of the
following ; as, he rttair.eJ his 'virtue!
amidjl all his misfortunes, misfortunes
luhicb only his 'virtues brought upon him.

An ACOGE'tICAL. adj. [Ktayai^r.] That

which contributes or relates to fpiritual
elevation, or religious raptures; mylle-
rious ; elevated above humanity. Did.

ANACo'oiCAL. adj. [anitgogique, Fr.l
Myfterious; elevated; religioufly ex-
alted. £>,V?.

Anago'gic ALLTT. ojv. [frOBi analogi-
cal.] Myllerioufly j with religious ele-
vation.

A'NAGRAM. «./. [i.ci and

y^x;j.f/ia

,] A

conceit arifing from the letters of a name,
tranfpofed ; as this, of ff^,i,l,l,i,a,m,
N.BfY, attorney-general to Charles I. a
very laborious man, J msyl in laiu.

Though all her parts be not in th' ufuai place.
She hath )ct the iinagrams of a good face:
If we inig'it put the letters but one way.
In that kan dearth of words what could we fay?

Dinnc,
Thy genius calls thee not to purchafe fame
In keen iambicks, but mild ana^iam. Dijdcti.
Anagra'mmatism. n. J. [from ana-
gram.'] The aft or praftice of making
anagrams.

The only quinteflence that hitherto the alchymj
of wit could draw out of names, is naftramrr.at:jni,
or metagrammatifm, which is a diniilution of a
name truly written into his letters, as his clement?,
aiul a n;w conneiion of it by artificial tranfpofition,
without addition, fuiftraftion, or change of any
letter, into different words, makir^ (^mt |«rfe<t
fcnfe apptjablc to the ^urton nameii. Cnmdcn.

A s AC R a'm mat iST. n.f. [from aaagiuui.]
A maker of anagrami.

ANA

To Anacra'mmatize. t. «. [anagram-
tnatifer, Fr.] To make anagrams.

Anale'ptick. ««!>■. [i^«^^«1.x©-.] Com-
forting; corroborating: a term of phy-
fick.

Anakfticl meJicines cheiifli the nerves, and re-
new the fpirits and ftrength. Slu'mc/.

Ana LOCAL, fl:^'. [hora analogous.] Ana-
logous ; having relation.

When 1 fee many anakgai motions in animals,
though I cannot cj!l them voluntary, yet I f<e
them fpontaneous, I have reafon to conclude that
thefe in their principle ate not Amply mechanical.

Hale.
Analo'gical. adj. [hoTa analogy.]

1. Ufed by way of analogy. It feems
properly diiHnguifhed ^rota analogous, as
words from things ; analogous iignifies
having relation, and analogical having
tl:e quality of repreienting relation.".

It is looked on only as the image of the true God,
and that not as a proper likencfs, but by anahnn'l
rrprcfentation. Siillirgjlc!!.

When a word, which originally fignifies any par-
ticular idea or objefl, is attributed to fevenil other
objeCh, not by way ofiefemblance, but on the ac-
count of fome evident reference to the original idea,
this is peculiarly called an analcgical word ; To a
found or healthy puJfe, a found digeftion, found
flecp, are fo called, with reference to » found aiil
healthy conftitcuion ; but if you fpeak of found
doarine, or found fpeech, this is by way of refem-
blance to health, and the words arc metaphorical.

iVaitt's Logh-t.

2. Analogous ; having refemblance or re-
lation.

There it placed the minerals between the inani-
mate and vegetable province, participating fomc-
tlung ana/ogical to either. Hair's Orig. cfMatiHitd.
AKALo'GiCALLV.a^v. [from analogical.]
In an analogical manner j in an analo-
gous manner.

I am convinced, from the Smpllcity and unifor-
mity of the Divine Nature, ami of all his works,
that 'there is fome one univerfal princip'/;) running
through the whole fyrtem of creatures anah^kaUy,
and congruous to their relative natures. 'Chrym.
Analo'gicalness. n.f. [from analogi-
cal.] The quality of being analogical ;
(itnefs to be applied for the illuftration
of fome analogy.
Ana'locism. n. /. [i>.a>.r,y,o-f/.of.] An

argument from the caufe to the effeft.
To Ana'locize. f. a. [from anakgy.]
To explain by way of analogy ; to form
fome refemblance between different
things ; to confidcr fcmething with re-
gard to its analogy with fomcvvliac clfc.
We have Ijfl.ms of material bodies, diveifly
figured and fituatcd, if feparately cunlidcrcd ; thcv
reprefent the objcft of tire dcdrc, which is .im/o'-
gtiitd by attraction or gr.'.vitation. C'jrym.

Ana'logous. adj. [i,a and >o7^.]

1. Having analogy ; be.iring fome refem-
blance or proportion ; having fomcthing
parallel.

Eitrrcile makes things eafy,»hat woul J be other-
wife «ry hard; at, in labour, iKirchings, he;,:j,
and colds ; and then thertis fi.mething an.ihgcti in
the exercife of the mind to that of the b )dy. It
is folly and infirmiiy that makes us dtlitite and
i^<>^"i- . L-EJliMgc.

Many impottarvt confequenccs may bo Ji iwn '
from the obfervition of the mod common things,'
and anthgous rcafonings from the caafcJ of them.

2, It has tthe word to before the thing to
which the refemblance is noted.

T>is incorporeal fuiftaine may have foiaC fort of

ANA

exigence, arahgcu! to corporeal exten/lon ; though
we have no adequate conception hereof. Lackt*
ANA'LOGY. n.f. [awXoyia.]

1. Refemblance between things with re-
gard to Ipnie circumflaiices or efiedfs ;
as learning, is faid to enlighten the mind ;
■that is, it is to the mind what light is
to the eye, by enabling it to difcover
that which was hidden before.

from Ged it hath proceeded, that the church
hath eventiore held a prefcript form of common
pi-ajer, although not in all things every where the
fame, yet, for the moil part, retaining the fartie
anal(^'< Hcokcr»

What I here obferve of extraordinary revelation
and prophecy, willj by iiM/og;y and due proportion,
extend even to thofe communications of God's
will, that arc requifi e to falvation. Souths

2. When the thing to which the an.ilogy is
fuppoied, happens to be mentioned, ana-
logy has after it the particles tc or ivith j
when both the things are mentioned af-
ter analogy, the particle befuHen or be-
tivixt is ufctl.

ii the body politick have any analogy to the na-
tural, an ad> of oblivion were necelVary in a hot
diftcmpered ilate. t>rydm.

By onalt/gy vj'ith all other liquors and concretions,

the form oi the chaos, whether liquid or concrete,

could not be the fame with that of t.nepretent earth.

Burvet's Tteory^

If we make Juvenal exprefs the cuitoms of our
country, rather than of Rome, it is when there
was fome analogy l^e-'U-ixt ihe curtoms. D>yden,

3. By grammarians, it is ufed to fignify
the agreement of feveral words in one
common mode ; as, from Icve is formed
lo'ved ; from hate, hated ; fiom grieve,
grie'ved,

Ana'lysis. n.f. [ani?iuirt{.}
I . A feparation of a compound body into
the feveral parts of which it confifts.

There is an account of dcv/ fa.liiig, in fome
places, in the form of hotter, or greafe, wlijcli
grows extremely fetid ; fo that .the analyfis of the
dew ol^ any place, may, perhaps, be the belt me-
thod of finding fuch contents of the foil as are
within the reach of the fun. jirbuthtiot*

Z. A confideration of any thing in parts, fo
as that one particular is firil conlidered,
then another

Analyjii coniiils in making experiments and ob-
fi-rvati'in,;, and in <!rJA'ing i^ncral coiulufions from
thein by induftinn, I'.nd admitting of no objcfJ^iuns ~"
but fuch as arc taken fr<>m experiments, or other
certain irutlis. Ncnvion'i Ojiticks*

3. A Iblution of any thiiig, whether cor-
poreal or mental, to its fiill elements;
as, of a fentence to the f;ngle words ; of
a compound word, to the particles and
words which form it ; of a tune, to fin-
glc notes ; of an argument, to fimple
propofitioiifl.

Wc cannot know any thing of nature, but by an
annlyfn of it'j ti ne initial ciutts ; till we kno'.v the
firl) firings of natural ■taoticns^ we are itillliiit >g-
norants. L-.vicuti/t.

Akai y'riCAL. adj. [from analjj'ss.]
I. That which relolvcs any thing into firft
principles ; that which feparates any
compounJ. See An alysis.

titlici may be probjbiy m.:intaincd ag^lnft the
inacciirat-nsfs of the analytical experiments vul-
garly relied on. il-y!f.

3. That which proceeds by annlyfis, or by
I taking the parts of a compciund into
I dillinft and (articular confideration.
■ Dcftartcs hath here infinitely outdm e all the
^ * pli 1 foj hei-s .

ANA

ANA

ANA

pTiilofoplitrs that wtnt btfore him, in givlnj » par-
ticular and analytical account of the un'vcrfal fa-
brick : )cl he intends his principles but f>r hypo-
thcfcf. Glanville,

AfALY'TtCAi-ty. adv. [from ttnaljticnl.\
In fuch a manner as feparafes com-
pounds into fimples. See Analysis.

AnaLy'tiCK. adj. [ara^L^lz'®-.] The

manner of refolving compounds into the
fimpie con.litucht or component parts,
applied chiefly to mental operations.

He was in logiclc a great crrtick.
Profoundly .*l U'd in analyiik, Hudihras.

j4iia!ytich method takes the whole compound as
It finds it, whetiier it be a fpecies or an individual,
and leads us into the knowledge of it, by refolving
into its firft principles, or p?r;s, its gcnerick ra
ture, and its fpecial properties j and therefore it is
called the m-thod of refolutiim. fTjirs's Log'uk.

To A'NALYZE, t. a. [uvcc\v<^.] Jo re-
folve a compound into its firft principles.
See Analysis.

Chemiftry enabling us to depurate bodies, aijd,
in fome mcafufe, to analyse them, and take afdn-
dcr their heterogeneous parts, in many chymical
experiments, we may, better than in others, know
what manner of bodies we employ ; art having
made them more limple or uncompounded, than
nature alone is wont to prtfent them us. Boyle.

To analyse the immorality of any aAion into
its laft principles ; if it be enquired, why fuch an
a^ion is to be avoided, the immediate anfwer is,
becaufe it is (in. Norm': MifccH,

When the fentence is diftinguiflied into fubjefl
sind predicate, propofition, argument, aft, objeO,
caufe, cfieift, adjunct, oppofite, ^c. then it is
enaiyzed analogically and mctapliylically. This
laft is what is chiefly meant in the theological
fchOols, when they fpeak of analyzing a text of
■ frripture. ff^atn'i Logick.

A'n alyzer. ti./. [from To nnnlyze.] That
which has the power of analyzing.]

Particular reafons incline me to doubt, whether
the fire be the true and univerfal analyzer of mixt
bodies. Boyle.

JKAMORPHO'SIS. n.f. [avi and ^e^ipo'u.]
Deformation ; a perfpeftive projeftion
of any thing, fo that to the eye, at one
point of view, it (hall appear deformed,
in another, an exaft and regular repre-
fentation. Sometimes it is made to ap-
pear confufed to the naked eye, and re-
gular, when viewed in a mirrour of a
certain form.

ANANAS, tt. /. The pine-apple.

The fpecies are, i. Oval-fli.iped pine-apple,
with a whitifti flcfh. a. Pyramidal pine-apple,
vith a yellow flcfh, 3. Pine-apple, with fmooth
leaves. 4. Pine-apple, with fhinirig green Icavci,
and fcarce any fpines on their edges. 5. The nlive-
coloured pine. •, Miller.

Witnefs thou bed anana, thou the pride
Of vegetable lite, beyond whate'er
The poets imag'd in the golden age. Ttomfon.

uiNjfNJS, nxriU. The fame with penguin.
See PENGUIN.

JNAPHORA.n.f. [iraipofi.] A figure,
when feveral ciaufes of a fentence are
begun with the fame word, or found;
as. Where is the ivife? Where is the
fcribe F Where it the difputer of this
tuorld ?

AnaPLERO'ticK. fl<^'. ira«rX>)«a.] That
which fills up any vacuity ; ufcd of ap-
plications which promote flelh.

A'NARCH. n.f. [See Anarchy.] An
author of confufion.

Him thus the anarch eA^\
With fjult'ring fpeech, add vifageinj^mpos'd,

Anfwer'd. Milr^n.

An A'RCHiCAL.flfl^'. [fromaHarchy.l Con-'
fufed ; .without rule or government;

In this anarcki.jl aini rebi-Iiious ft.ite of .human

' nature, the fuculties bi'longitig to the mate, ial

world prcfume to determine the natuK of fubjefts

belong' ng to the fjprenrie Spirit. CI ryne.

A'n ARCH Y. »./. [i»«f;^ia.] Want of go-
vernment ; a Hate in which every man
is unaccouaable ; a £ate without mi.-
giftracy. ' ■ 1 '

WMrr^Ueft Night •
And Chaos, anceft-vrs if Nature, hold
Eternal «»iWi»;,amid(^ the' noife'
Of endlefi wars, and by confurton f>and. Afi/fcn.
A'-bitraiy power is but the firft natural ftepfrom

^ anarchf, or the fivage life; the a:ij Jlling .povyer
an3 frceJom being an cffeft and cunfe^ueace-of

( rhaturer 'thinking. '^ivifl.

ANASARCA, n.f [from ,i,i and o-aJ.]
A fort'6f dropfy, where the whole lub-
ftance is ftutfed with pituitous humours.

^uincy.
■yVhen the lympha ftagnates, or is extravafated
under the Sk^a, it is called an anafarca.

jirhuibnot en Diet
Anasa'rcous. a<ijr. [Uom anafarca.'] Re-
lating to an anafarca ; partaking of the
nature of an anafarca.

A gentlewoman laboured Qf an afcjtes, wjth an
anafareoui fWelling of her belly, thighs, andjlcgs,

If-^ifeman.

Anasto;ma'tick, adj. [fron 4"» and
5-o/i*a.]' That which has the quality of
opening th; veflVls, or of removing ob-
ftruflions.

ANASrOMO'SJS. n.f [from a.k and
rofia.] The inofculation of veffels, or
the opening of one veflel into another;
as, of the arteries into the veins.

ANA'STROPHE. n.f [ivar^o^i, a pre-
pofterous placing, from itar^-t'ipw.] A
figure whereby words which lliould have
been precedent, are pollponed.

ANATHEMA, n.f [«»aV«-]

1. A curfe pronounced by ecclefiaftical
authority ; excommunication.

i^er bare anafhetnas fall but like fo many hrutj
fulmina M'fon the fchifmatical j who think them-
fclves fhrewdly hurt, ^orfooth, by being cut off
from the body, which they choofe not to be of.

S^jufh's Scrmini.

2. The objeft of the curfe, or perfon
curfed. This feems the original mean-
ing, though now little ufed.

An athema'tic al. adj.- [from" anathe-
ma.'] That which has the properties of
an anathema ; that which relates to an
anathema.

An athema'tically. 'v.a. [(mm ana-
thematical.] In an anathematical man-
ner.

To An ath e'm ATIZE. v.a. [from fl».s-
thema.] To pronounce' accurfed by ec-

' clefiaftical authority ; to excommuni-
cate.

They were therefore to be anathftnatixeif, and,

with'detcftation, branded and bamfhed out of the

church. Hammond.

An ati'ferous. adj. [(romanas zndfero,

Lat.] Producing. ducks. Not in uie.

If there be anati/.-rous trees, whole corruption

breaks forth into barn:fcles ; yet, if tliey corrupt,

, they d:* "-n"i.itc Ijitu maggots, which produce not

them a;; .in. Brtnen'i yiJ^ar Errouri.

Ana'tocism. n. f. [anatecifmut, Lat.
an»lo>ri(7f/o,-.] The accumulation of in-
tereft upon intereft ; the addition of the

; intereft due for money lent, to the ori-

' ginal fuin. A fpecies of ufury generally
forbidden.

Anato'mical. adj. [irom anatomy.']

1. Relating or belonging to anatomy.

When We are taught by K'gick to view a thing*
completely in all its parts, by the help of d:vi<j»n,
it has the uf; of an anat:ir.:c.:l knlle, which dif-
fers an animal body, arfd fepiiirci the veins, ar-
teries, niTves, mufolcs, membranes, &V. and
(hews ui the feveriil pjrt& whicb^o to tlie compo>
fiti n cf a complete animal. H'ails'i Lcgick.

2. Proceeding upon principles taught in
anatomy ; coufidered as the cbjcd of
anatomy.

1'hcre is a natural, involuntary dillortion of the
mufcl'Sj which is the anatcmieal caufe of laughter ;
but theie is another cat^fc of laughter, which de.
cercy requires. Svtif^

3. Anatomized'; differed; ftparated.

The continuation of (ojidity is apt to be con-
founded with, and, if we will look into the minute
anatomical parts of mat'.cr, is httle diU'ctcfiC t'rojn
hardnefs. Locke,

;An ato'mically. adv. [from anatomi-
cal.] In an anatomical manner ; in the
fenfe of an anaiomift ; according to the

j doiflrine of anatomy.

While lome afhimed it had no gall, intending,

only thereby no evidence of anger or fury, ethers

have conftrued anatomically, and denied that part at

. all. Brc^'n^t yylgnr Errsun.

Ana'tomist. n.f. [atoio/.-.o^.] He that
ftudies the ftruflure of animal bodies,
by means of diflediion ; he that divides
the bodies of animal^, to difcover the

I various parts.

j ./?nd;off?r/?r,adjudged, that if nature had been fuf-
fere'd to run her own courfe, without this fatal in-

( terruptior, he might have doubled his age, JJowel*
Hence when analsmijis difcourfe,
How like brutes organs are to ours ;
They grant, if higher powers think fit,
A bear might foon be made a wit; •

And that, for any thing in nature.
Pigs m'ght fqucak love odes, dogs bark fatlre.

Prior.

To Ana'tOMIZB. v.a. [a>a1//;c»»>.]

1. To difleft an animal ; to divide the
body into its component or conftiiuent
parts.

Our induftry mull even aralomixe every particle .
of that body, which we are to uphold. JivAer*

2. To lay any thing open diftinflly, and
by minute parts.

i fpcak but brotlierly of him, but fhould I ana-

rcro/Zi-hi.-n to thee as he is, 1 mull blulh and weep,

and then muft look pale and wonder. Shake^m

'J'lien dark diftinciions reafon*s liglit difguisM,

I And into atoms truth anatcmix'J. Denbanh

ANA'TOMY. n.f [i.x1oi^'.cc.]

1 . The art of diflcfting the body.

It is proverbially f.iid,i''crK;i«'/r« .;<;/« ine/t, bit-
hct et mujca fplencm ; whereas thek parts anatomy
h:ith not dlfcovered in infedls.

Br:<zvn^s Vulgar Erroun*
It is therefore in thi anatomy of tlie mind, as in
that of the body ; more good will accrue to man-
I kind, by attending to the large, open, and per-
ceptible parts, than by fludying too much fuch
finer nerves and vefl'els, as will for ever efcape our
, obferva::ion. Pcfe.

2. The tlodrine cf the ftrufture of the
body, learned by diflliftion.

Let tS'e mufc!ei'bewell i.nfericd and bound toge-
ther, according tithe knowledge of them which
is given us by analony. Drydcn,

3. The

A N C

3. The aft of dividing any thing, whether
corporeal or intelleftual.

When a moneyed man hath di'-'dcd his cherts,
he lecmcth to himlelf richer than he was ; there-
fore, a wjy to amiplify any thirg, is to break it,
and to malie anatomy ot it in feveral parts. Bactn.

4. The body ftripped of its integuments ;
a Cieleton.

O that my topguc were in 'Bx thunder's mouth,
Tiien with a paiiion I would ih ike the world,
AiiJ rouze from firep that fell arcf.my,
■WhXJi canr.o: hear a feeble hdy's vn:rj. Shalcjp.

5. By way of irony or ridicule, a thin
meagre perfon.

Th;y brjjjht one Pinch, a hungry lean- fac'd
villain,
A mere Matumy, a mounKbank,
A thiead-bire juggler, and a fortjne-telle-,
A needy, hoUow-ey'd, iharp looking wre eh,
A living dead man. Stakfjp. C'.rrrdy of Err-un.

A'natron. n. r. The {cum which fwims
upon the molten glafs in the furnace,
which, wh^n taken oft', melts in tne
air, and then coagulates into com-
mon fait. It is likewife that fait which
gathers upon the walls of vaults.

A'NBUtY. »./ SeeAwBURY.

A'lNCESTOR. n. f. [auce/or, Lat. ait-
<eft>t, Fr.J One from whom a perfon
delcends, either by the father or the
mother. It is diftinguiihed from preJe-
cejjor ; which is not, like amejlor, a na-
tural, but civil denomination. An here-
ditary monarch/ucceeds to his anctjiars ;
an eleftive, to \i\% fredecejfors.

And (he lit* buried with her anctjlcrs,
O, in a tomb where never fcandal flcpt.
Save this of net's. Stahfjt. Afm b adc ahut Nttb.
Cham was the paternal anctflor of Ninus, the
fcther of Chus, the grandfather of Nimrcd ; whofe
fon was Belus, the father of Ninus. Raleigh.

Obfcure ! why pt'ythee what am I ? I know
Vly father, grandfire,' and great grandfite too :
If farther 1 derive my pedigree,
1 can but guef. beyond the fourth degree.
The reft of my forgotten atictfi.rs
Were fon» of earth, like him, or fons of whores.

DryiUn,

A'kcestrel. fl/^'. [from ancefiar.] Claim-
ed from anceftors; relating to anceftors:

a term of law.

Lim-.tition in a^ioni anecfiril, was anciently fo
}.ere in England. Halt.

A'ncestry. »./. [from flfrf(y?or.]

1. Lineage ; a feries of anceftors, or pro-
genitors ; the perfons who compofe the

lineage.

Plit joii 1 hight, s" 'th he ; and do advance
Mine a>'<tfirj from famuus Corndin,
Who firll toraife our iriufe to honour did begin.

Sfenfrr.

f . :... 3>jherenre to the rights and libe.--

(jc from a wife and virtuous anccfiry,

p^^^, . and a love of one's country, are

the tuppuii and urnameats of government.

,, - MMjcn.

Say fr'^'m what fccpterM ancejlry ye clafm,
B,ecord''d eminent in d:ri' ii!'-):, I^mc ? Pofe.

2. Thf lionour of dcfcent ; birth.

■■..I atc'-ftry rci.oer a i;0'jd nian more il-
lu'-ii ■ t b"^ ^"^ ''^ *^^^ m'^rc contcmi-tible.

Mdf,n
A' K c H E N T r V . n. f. [ .'rom ancient, and
therefore properly to be written an-
eieniry.] Anaquity of a family ; ancient
dignity i appearance or proof of an-
tiquity.
V.ooing, wedding, and repenting, i> a Scotch

A N C

j!jr> a meafurc, and a cinque pacf ; the firft fuit is
iiot and hafty, like a Scotch jig, and full as fan-
taf^ical ; the wedding mannerly modeft, as a mea-
fure full of ftate and ancbentry ; and then comes
repentance, and with his bad legs falls into the
cinque pace fafter aud falser, till he links into his
grave. Shaktjfeare.

A'NCHOR. B./ [anciora, Lat.]
I. A heavy iron, conipofed of a long
(hank, having a ring at one end to
which the cable is faftened, and at the
other branching out into two arms or
fiooks, tending upwards, with barbs
or edges on each fide. Its ufe is to
I : hold the Ihip, by being fixed to the
ground.

He Jaid, and wept; then fpread his fails before
The winds, and reach'd at length the Cuman

fliorc :
Their anchors dropt, his crew the veflels moor.

Drydtn.
2; It is nfed, by a metaphor, for any thing
which confers liability or fecurity.

Which ill pe we have a;* an anchcr ot the foul,
both fure and ftedfaft, and which entcrcth into
tliat wit'.iin the veil. Htbrnui.

3. The forms of fpeech in which it is moll
commonly ufed, are, to caji amhor, to
lie or ride at anchor.

The Turkirti general, perceiving that the Rho-
dians would not be drawn forth to battle at Tea,
withdrew his fleet, when cafilng anchcr, and land-
ing his men, be burnt the corn.

Kr.illn'i H'lpry of the turkt.

Ent'ring with the tide.

He dropp''d bis anchirtf and his oars he pty'd j

Furl'd every fail, and drawing down the mall.

His veflel moor'd, and made with hauifers fad.

Dry den.
Far from your capital my fliip refidcs
At Reithrus, and lei.ure at ambor ridti. Pope.
To A'nchor. 'u. n. [from anchor.'\

1 . To caft anchor ; to lie at anchor.

The filhermen that walk upon the beach
Appear like mice; and yon tall ancboring baric
Diminifh'd to her cock. Sbakefp. King Lear.

Near Calais the Spaniards anchored^ cxpedHng
their land-forces, which came not. Bacon.

Of the ftrait courle to rocky Chios plow.
And anchor under Mimos' ihaggy brow. Pope.

2. To flop at ; to reft on.

My intention, hearing not my tongue,
y^ncUrs on I label. Hbakefprare.

To A'nchor. 'v. a.

1 . To place at anchor ; as, he anchored
his Ihip.

2. To fix on.

My topgue Ihouid to my ears not name my boys.
Till that my nails were fl/jci»a/-'</ in thin-: eyes.

Siakflpeare.

A'.vcHOR. n.f. Shaiejfeare {eems to have
ufed this word for anchoret, or an ab-
ftemious recluie perfon.

'J'o uelp^ratiui: turii my truft and hope!
An anchor's cheer in prifon be my fcopc !

.^'lake/peare.
A'nchOr-hold. n.f. [from anchor and
hold.] The hold or faftnels of the an-
. chor ; and, figuratively, lecurity.

The Old itn^l.lh c >uid exprcis moit aptly all
the conceits of the mind in their own t mgue,
without birrowinj^ from any ; a; forexampic : t'lc
holy fervice of Cod, uhicti the Latins calied rc-
ligi-»t becaufc it knitted the minds oi m&n to-
gither, .'nd mort peo; Ic of £uiopc have joi rowed
the fame from tnem, they called moit u^r ifi-
•caniiy ^dff y!i/Mr/J, ai thi: one a. d on.y afiuran».e
i-jj la.t jnibt^r.if'jf'i at' out f.,uls he,ilt'i. Cimiier.

A'nchor-smith. nj. [from a/jfW arid
jMith.] I'he maker or forger of anchors.

A N C

Smithing comprehends all trades which ufe cf-
ther forge or file, from the anchor fmilb to the
watchmaker; they all working by the fame rules^
though not with equal eXa^ncfs ; and all ufing the
fanie tools, though of feveral fizes. Moxon^

A'nchorage. n.f. [from «;7i-^«r.]

1. The hold of the anchor.

Let me refolve whether there be indeed fuch
efficacy in nurture and iirft produflion ; for if
that fuppofal fliould fail us, all our anchorage werej
loofe, and we ihould but wander in a wild lea.

IVotton^

2. The fet of anchors belonging to a fhip.

The baik that hath difcharg'd her freight.
Returns with precious lading to the bay.
From whence at firft ihe wcigh'd htt anchorage,

i)hiJkeipeare^

3. The dijty paid for the liberty of an-
choring in a port.

A'nlhored. farticip. adj. [from To an-
chor.] Held by the anchor.

Like a well-twirted cable, holding faft

The an.bor'd veflel in the loudeft blaft. ffaUeri-

A'nchoret. 7 «. y. [contrafled from

A'nchorite. 5 anachoret, S.tux'c^'iTrii.] A

reclufe ; a hermit ; one that retires to-

the more fevere duties of religion.

His poetry indeed he took along with him }.
but he made that an anchorite as well as himfelf.

Sprar..

You defcribe fo well your hermitical ftate of

life, that none of the ancient anchorites could g»

beyond you, for a cave in a rock, with a line

fpring, or any of tlic accommodations that befit a-

folitary life. Pope*

Ancho'vy. n./ [from ancho'va. Span, or

anthioe, Ital. of the fame fignification.J

A little fea-fi(h, much ufed by way o£

fauce, or feafoning. Savary.

We invent new fauces and pickles, wliich re-

femble the animal ferment in tafle an^ virtue^

as the falfr-icid gravies of meat; tiie fait pickles.

of fi/h, anch'jnjicSy oyft-^rs. FUyer*

A'NCIENT. adj. [ancien, Fr. antiquus„

Lat.]

1, Old ; that happened long fince ; of
old time ; not modern. Ancient and old
are diftinguifned.; old relates to the du-
ration of the thing itfclf, as, an o/d coat,
a coat much worn ; and ancient, to time
in general, as, an ancient drefs, a ha-
bit ufed in former times. But this is-
not always obferved, for we mentioa
old cuftoms ; but though old be fome-
tLmes oppofed to modern, ancient is fcl-
dom oppofed to neiu, but when neiu
means modern.

j-ir.ciert tenure is that wliereby all the manours
belonging to the crown, in St. Edward's or Wil-'
liam the Ccnquerour's days, did hold. The num-
ber and names of which manours, as all otliers-
bel 'pging to common perfons, he cufed to her
written in a book, after a furvey made of them,
now remaining in the Exchequer, and called*
Uoomfday Book ; and fuch as by that book ap-
pear? i t» havfr belonged to the crown at that time^
are called anci'tit demrfnes. . Cozvc/U-

2, Old ; that has been of long duration.

\Vic;i the ^ncient is wildom, and 111 length of
days uoderlianrting. Joi, xii. 12.

rinlc^ affitmij that God compiehended alt .
things, and chat God was of all things the molt an^
cult:, bccaufe he n^ver had any beginning. Raleigb».

In-luitry
Gave the call ofiri'M foreit to- Ills aie. Ihovfon^

3, Paft ; former.

1 Ic; thy I'jiy : If I longer flay.
We Ih-ili bejin our antimt bickerings. Sbaie^^
A'ncient,»./ Ifrom ancient, adj.]

i. Thofe

AND

1. Tbofe that lived in old time w£re call-
ed ancJiHtt, oppofed to the moderns.

And though the ancunii thus their rules invade,
At kings difpcnfe with Uw> theoifelTcs have

made ;
Moderns, beware ! or if you muft offend
Againll the precept, ne'er tranlgrefs iu end.

Pipe.

2, Senior : not in ufe.

_ He coucheth it as a fpecial pre-eminence of Ju-
nlas and Andronicus, that in Chriftianity they
wore his aniienti, Hookir.

A'ncient. h. /.

1 . The flag or ftrearaer of a ftiip, and,
formerly, of a regiment.

2. The bearer of a flag, as was Ancient
Pljlel; whence, in prcfentufe, enfign.

This is Othello's aircKnf, as I take it.
The fame indeed, a very valiant fellow. Shakefp,

A'nciently. aJn/. [from ancient. "^ In
old times.

Trebilond aticimtly pertained unto this crown ;
now unjuftly poffrffcd, and as unjuftly abufed, by
tliofe who have neither title to hold it, nor virtue
10 rule it. Sidnry.

The colewort is not an enemy, though that were
anciently received, to the vine only, but to any
other plant, becaufc it drawcth ftrongly the fatteft
juice of the earth. Bacon.

A'ncientness. »./ [from ancient. '\ An-
tiquity ; exiftence from old times.

The Fefcenine and Saturnian were the fame ;
they were called Saturnian from their ancienireji,
when Saturn reigned in Italy. Dryiicn.

A'ncientry. »./. [from ancient.] The
honour of ancient lineage ; the dignity
of birth.

Of all nations under heaven, the Spaniard is
the miift mingled, and moll uncertain. Where-
fore, moll fooli/hly do the Irilh think to ennoble
themfelves, by wrefting their ancientry from the
Spaniard, who is unable to derive himfelf from
any in certain. Sfenf.r en IrelarJ.

There ij nothing in the between, but getting
wenches with child, wronging the ancientry, deal-
ing, fighting. Shakefpeare.

Ancle. See Ankle.

A'nconv. ff. /. [in the iron mills.] A
bloom wrought into the figure of a flat
iron bar, about tliree foot long, with
two fquare rough knobs, one at each
end. Chambers.

And. conjttn^ion.

1. The panicle by which fentcnces or
terms are joined, which it is not e;ify to
explain by any fynonimous word.

Sure his honelly
Got him fmall gains, but (hamclefs flattery
Anii filthy beverage, and unfeemly thrift.
And borrow bafe, and fome good lady's gift.

Spenjer.

What fliall I do to be for ever known.
And make the age to come my own ? Cew/ey.

The Danes unconquer'd offspring march be-
hind;
And Morini, the lafl of human Wnd. Dryden.

It (ball ever be my ftudy to make difcoverics of
this nature in human life, ar.J to fettle the pre-
fer diftinflions between the virtues ard pcrdc-
tions of mankind, and thofe falfe colours and rc-
fembiances of them that Ihine alike in the eyes o;
the vulgar. Addif^n.

2. JnJ fometimes fignifies though, and
feeras a contraftion of anii if

It is the nature of extreme fcli-lovers, as they
will fct an houfe on fire, and it were but to rojil
their eggs. J..„„.

3. f n and if, the and is redundant, and is
omitted by all later writers.

A N E

I pray the«, Launce, an' (/"tljou fccft my boy,
Bid him make hade.

Shikr/jtiare"! Two Gent, tf Venra.
A'ndiron. n./. [fuppofed by Siinner to
be corrupted from hand-iron ; an iron
that may be moved by the hand, or
may fupply the place of a hand.] Iron*
at the end of a fire-grate, in which the
fpit turns ; or irons in which wood is
laid to burn.

Jf you (Irike an endre body, as an atidiron of

brafs, at the top, it maketh a more treble found,

and at the bottom a bafer. Bacon.

An D ro'g Y N A L. adj. [from a»Jif and yv>it.']

Having twofexes; hermaphroditical.
Andro'cynally. ad<v. [from androgy-
»«/.] In the form of hermaphrodites ;
with two fexcs.

The examples hereof have undergone no real
or new tranfexion, but were androgynally bom, and
under fome kind of hermaphrodites.

Broivnt Vulgar Errourt.

And ro'g ynous. adj. The fame with

androgynai.
JNDRO'GrNVS. n.f. [SeeANDROCY-

NAL.] An hermaphrodite; one that

is of both fexes,
Andro'tomy. n.f. [from <i»ij and «>»«.]

The pradice of cutting human bodies.

Dia.
Anecdote, n.f. [«„'«JijT(».]

1. Something yet unpubliftied ; fecret hif-
tory.

Some modern anecdcte: aver,
He nodded in his elbow-chair. Prior.

2. It is novy ufed, after the French, for a
biographical incident ; a minute pal-
fage of private life.

Anemo'graphy. n.f. [aHjti®-and yjaipw.]
The defcription of the winds.

Anemo'meter. n.f. [S»^®. and ^fV^or.]
An inftrument contrived to meafure the
ftrength or velocity of the wind.

JNKMONE. n.f. [u„ti^n.] The wind
flower.

Upon the top of its fingle ftalk, furroundcd by
a leaf, is produced one nalted flower, of many pe-
tals, with many ftjmina in the centre ; the feeds
are culletlcd into an oblong head, and furrounJed
w'th a copious down. The principal colours in
fl».,-ff!«ni.j, arc white, red, blue, and purple, fonie-
ti;iies curioufly intermixed. Miller.

W:nd flowers are dilliny-ifliej into thoic with
bro.ij and hard leaves, and thoi'c with narrow and
fott ones. The broad-lcavt-J anetnory roots fli.-uld
be planted about the end of September. Tlmfe
with fmall leaves mull not be put into 'he ground
till the end of OiStjbcr. Mortimer.

From the foft wing of vernal breexes ihed,
Anemories, auriculas, enrich'd
With ihining meal o'er all their velvet leaves.

Ib.m'h::.

A nemoscope. «./. [an)*i&-ando-xow©-.]
A machine invented to forctel the
changes of the wind. It has been ob-
ferved, that hygrofcopes made of cat's
gut proved very good ansmo/copes, fcl-
dom failing, by the turning the in-
dex about, to foretel the (hifting oi the
wind- /' Chambers.

ANfc'NT. prep. A Word ufed in the Scotch
dialeft.

1 . Concerning ; about ; as, be /aid nothing
aiient this particular.

2. Over againft ; oppofitc to ; as, be lives
auent tbe'murket-hauj'e.

A N G

Akes. } n. f. The fpires or beards of
Awns. 5 corn. DiH.

A'neurism. n.f. [atiK^t,!,.] A difeafe
of the arteries, in wluch, either by a
preternatural weaknefs of any part of
them, they become exceflively dilated ;
or, by a wound through their coats, the
blood is extravafated amongft the ad-
jacent cavities. Sharp.

In the orifice, there was a throbbing of the arte-
rial blood, as in an ancur'.fn. fKiJeman,
Ane'w. adv. [from a and ueiv."]
'• Over again ; another time ; repeatedly.
This is the moft common ufo.

Nor, if at mi fchicf taken, on the ground
Be fliin, but pris'ners to the pillars bound.
At either barrier plac'd j nor, captives made.
Be freed, or, arm'd anew, the fight invade.

Dryden.

That, as m birth, in beauty you excel.
The mufc might diaate, and the poet tell :
Your art no other art can fpeak ; and you.
To (how how well you play, muft play anevi.

Prior.

The miferies of the civil war did, for many
years, deter the inhabitants of our ifland from the
thoughts of engaging anew in fuch defperatc un-
dertakings, Addiftin.

i. Newly ; m a new manner.

He who begins late, is obliged to form aneta the
whole difpofition of his foul, to acquire new habits
of life, to prailife duties to which he is utterly
a ftranger. ^„^,„,

Anfra CTUOSE. J rt^". [from anfraaus,

Anfra'ctuous. J Lat.] Winding; ma-
zy ; full of turnings and winding paf-
fages.

Behind the drum arc fevcral vaults and anfrae-
tucfe cavities in the ear-bone, lb to intend the
leall found imaginable, t!iat the fenfe might be.
affefled with itj as we fee in fubicrraneous caves
and vaults, how the found ii redoubled. Ray.

Akfra'ctuousness. n. /. [from an-
fraauous.] Fullnefs of windings and turn-
ings.

Anfra'cture. n. /. [from anfraBus,
Lat.] A turning ; a mazy winding and
turning. /j/^?.

A'NGEL. n. f. [tcyfiXoe ; angelus, Lat.]

1. Originally a meffenger. A fpirit em-
ployed by God in the adminlliration of
human affairs.

Some holy angrl
Fly ro the court of England, and unfold
His mefTage ere he come. ShaUfpeare.

Had we fuch a knowledge of the cor.tlitutijn of
man, as it is p.ilfible ang-h hive, and it is certain
his Maker hjsj we (hould have a quite other
idea of his elicnce. Licke.

2. Jiigel is fometimes ufed in a bad fenfe;
as, angels of darknefs.

And they had a ki -g over them, which was the
ang^l of the bottom cu pit. Rctidatijni.

3. Angel, in fcripture, fometimes mean*
man of God, prophet.

4. Angd is ufed, in the ftyle of love, for
a beautiful perfon.

Thou haft the fweeteft face I ever look'd on.
Sir, as I have a foul, flic is an ang-.l. Sbakt ;.care,

5. A piece of money anciently coined and
iraprefffd with an angel, in memory of
an obfervation of Pope Gregory, that
the pagan Jngli, or Eaglifh, were fo
beautiful, that, if they Were Chriilians,
they would be Angeli, or augeL. The
coin was rated at ten (hillings.

Take an empty bafea, put an *i^./ gl" g Id, or

A N G

wh«t you will, into it) t!.»n go fo far from the
bafon, till you cannot Ice the eitgri, bt:ca'.;ie it is rot
in a right line j then fill the bafufi with water, and
ycu tviil fee it out of its place, becaufe of the rc-
fieflioo. Biicon.

Shake tlie bags
Of hoard; n^ abbots j theif iirprifon'd angclt
Set thou at liberty. ahatt/f-care.

As'gei.. aJJ. RefeiBbling angels ; ange-
jical.

1 have marked
A thoufand blufliirg appir.t.irs
Start into her face; a thoafand innocent Ihatnes
In crgil vvhiter.eit bearaw^y thole bluthcs.

Or virgins vifired by engel powers.
With golden crowr.s, and w cathes of heav'niy
lU.v rs. ' Popi's Rafe efthi Luk.

A'ncel-hke. adj. [from angel and like. ]
Refembling an angel.

In hew'n itletl th u l\ire wert dreft
With that angit-like dilgjiie. ff^alltr.

A'.NCEL-SHOT. n. /. [perhaps properly
angle- Jl}ot, being tolden together with a
hinge.] Chain-fhot, being a cannon
bullet cut in two, and the halves being
joined together by a chain. D.Sl.

jlKGE'LICA. n,J. [Lat. ab angelica vir-
/u.'t'.] The name of a plant.

Ic iias winged leuvcs divdeJ into large fig-
ments; its fta.ics are hojow and jointed; the
flowers grow in an umbfl u^ion the tops of the
ffallcs, snJ cohfift of five leaves, lucceeJcd by two
large channelled fecis.

The Ipecies arc, x. Common or manured ange-
t'.ca, 2. Greater wild anpl'ica, 3. Shining Ca-
nada angtticii. 4. Mountain perennial argclica,
with columbine leaves. MJIer_

AKGETLICA. n.J. (Berry bearing) [^ra/yai
Lat.]

The flow-er cmfifts of many leaves, expanding
in form of a role, which are naked, growing on
the top of the ovary: thelc Howers are facceeded
by glubular fruits, which are foft and fucculent,
Md full of oblong feeds. Miller.

Ance'lical. adj. \angelicus, Lat.]

1. Refembling angels.

It difcovereth unto us the glorious works of God,
and carricth up, with an angelical fwiftnefs, our
eyes, that our mind, being informed of his vifible
marvels, may continually travel upward. Ralt'igb.

2. Partaking of the nature of angels.

Ot.'icrs more mild.
Retreated in a filent valley, fing
With notes angelical to many a harp
Their own heroick deeds, and haplefs fall
By doom of battle. Milton.

3. Belonging to angels; fuiting the nature
or dignity of angels.

It may be encouragement to confider the pleafure
of fpeculations, which do ravi/h and fublime the
thoughts with more clear angelical contentments.
miHnt, Dadalus.

Amoe'i.icalness. n.f. [from angelical.]
The quality of being angelical ; refcm-
blance of angels ; excellence more than
human.

Ange'lick. a<^'. [angelicus. Lit."] Parta-
king of the nature of angeU; angelical ;
above human.

Here happy creature, fair tngelict Eve,
Partake thou alfo. Milicn.

My tancy f .rm'd thee of angiUck kind.
Some emanati< n o{ th' all-beauteous mind. Pcfe.

A'ncelot. n. f. a mufical inftrument
fomewhat refembling a lute. Did.

A'NGER. n.f. [A word of no certain
etymology, but, with moft probability,
derived by SHmtr from an3e. Sax.

A N G

vtxtdi which, however, feems to come
originally from the Latin ango."]

1. Anger is uneafinefs or difcompofure of
the mind, upon the receipt of any in-'
jury, with a prefent purpofe of revenge.

Lode.
jivgcr is like
A full hot horfe, »'ri being a'.low'd his wiy,
Sclf-mettie tires fci'.ti, Shahjfeare.

Was the Lord ci_ plcafed againft the rivcrsr was
thine anger aga'..;*: the rivers, was rhy wrath a-
gainlt the fea, u:az ii^iu dijft ride upon thine li n;es
and thy c'^ario:^ 0:' fllvation ? Ili^hh. ii.'. 8.

Auger is, acc.-rji;ig to fome, a tranfient hat-ed,
or Hi Icaft vc.-v .k;; it. S'-' tb.

2. Pain, or i'iii.-irt, of a fore or fvvelling.
In this fenlc it feems plainly deducible
from a/!^o>:

I maiii- ihe expefi.ncnt, fetting the moxa where

the tirft violt^nce of n.y pain began, and where :hc

greatei^ anger jnd forcnefs ilill continued, norv.ith-

ftanding the fw -Uing of my t\/i>t. Inr.pte.

To A'nger.. -.'. a. [from the noun.]

1. To make augry ; to provoke ; to enrage.

Who w; aid auger the meaiieft arcil'an, which
carrieth a good mind ? Htcker.

Sometimes he angers me.
With telling nac of the moldwaip and the ant.

Sbakejpeare

There were fome late taxes and imp* fiticvns in-
troduced, which rather angered tiran grieved the
people. Clanudtn.

It flB^^rV.Turenne, once upon a day.
To fee a footman k ck'dthat took his pay. fcfi.

2. To make painful.

He turnech the humours back, and maketh the
wound bleed inwards, and angererb malign ulcers
and pernicious impodhumati'.ns. Bacon.

A'tiCEKLY. adv. [from flsg'fr.] In an an-
gry manner ; like one oiFended : it is
now written angrily.
Why, how now, Hecat ? you look angerly.

Shakejfeare.

Such jellers dilhonell indifcretion, is rather

charitably to be pitied, than their exception ei her

angerly to be grieved at, or (erioufly to be con.uted.

Care^u.

."Vncio'cr APHY. «./. [from iyfjic,. and
yja(pw.] A defcription of veflels in the
human body ; nerves, veins, arteries,
and lymphaticks.

ANCto'LOcy. n. /. [from ayUTov and
^o'yo?.] A treatife or difcourfe of the
veflels of a human body.

Angiomonospe'r Motjs. «<^'. [from ay-
firoF (/.otof, and er'TTt^j/.a.] Such plants
as have but one fingle feed in the feed-
pod.

Angio'tomy. ti. /. [from a-yfiToy, and
Tifitu, to cut.] A cutting open of the vef-
fels, as in the opening of a vein or artery.

A'NGLli. n.f. [angle, Fr. angulus, Lat.]
Thefpace intercepted between t.vo lines
interl'edliiig or meeting, fo as, if conti-
nued, they would interfecl each other.

Angle ''f tbe centre 0/ j circle, is an anv^e whofe
vertex, or .tngular point, is at the centre or a circle,
and whufe Icgj are two iemidiamcters of cha: cir-
cle. Stone's DiH.

A'NGLE. n./. {angel. Germ, and Dutch.]
An inftrument to take fiih, confifting of
a rod, a line, and a hook.

She alio had an angle in her hand; but the taker
was I'u taken, that Ihe had forgotten taking.

Sidney.

Give me thine aw^//, we*II to the river, then".
My mulick playing far off, 1 will betray
Tawny-finn'd filh ; my bending book Ihall pierce
Their fiimy ;avys< Sbekejptare.

A N G

The patient fiflier takes his filent ftand,
Intent, his angle trembling in his hand ;
With io'ks unmov'd, lie hopes the fcaly breed,'
And eyes the dancing cork and bending reed.

Pope,
Tc A'ngle. f. n. [from the noun.]

1. To iifh with a rod and hook.

'1 he ladies angling in the cryftjl lalte,
Fea;t on the waters with the prey they talte.

H^aller.

2. To try to gain by fome infinuatiiig ar-
tifices, as fiihes are caught by a bait.

If he fpake courteoufly, lie angled the people*3
hearts: if he were Clcnt, ha muled upon fome
dangerous plot. Sidney,

By this face,
This feeming brow of jufiicc, did he win
The hear ts of all that he did angle for. Sbahefp.

1'he plcafant'I> angling is to fee the filh
Cut with her golden oars the fiivcr llream,
And greedily devour the treacherous bait;
So angle we for Beatrice. Shahefpeare.

A'ngle-rod. n.f. [fl^ij-f/ rW^, Dutch.]
The ftick to which the line and hook are
hung.

It diftereth much in greatpef? ; the fmalleft being
fit for thatching of boufes ; the fecond bignefs is
ufcd for angle-rods j and, in China, for beating of
offenders upon the thighs. Bacon.

He mak.s a .May-fly to a miracle, and furniftes
the whole country vi\\h angle- rfids. AJdif^n,

A'n g l e r . n.J'. [from angle.] He that 6(hes
with an angle.

He, like a patient angler, ere he ftrook.
Would let them play a while upon the licpk.

Dryden,
Neither do birds alone, but many fi rts of filhes,
feed upon infefls; as is well known to anglers,
who bait their hooks with them. Ray-

A'nglicism. n.f. [from .^«^///j, Lat.] A
form of fpeech peculiar to the Englifh
language ; an EngliOi idiom.

They corrupt their Itile with untutored angli-
eifias. Militin.

A'ngober. n./. A kind of pear.

A'ncour. »._/! [angor, hut.] Pain.

If the patient be lurprifed with a lipctbymoua
angour, and great opprefs about the ftomach, ex-
pect no relief from cordials. Harvey*

A'ti GKihY. ad'v. [horn angry.] Inanaii-
gry manner ; furiourty ; peeviftily.

I will fit as quiet as a bmb ;
I will not fiir, nor wince, nor fpcak a word.
Nor look upon the iron angiily, Shokejpeare*

A'n GRY. adj. [from o.'^fr.]

I. Touched with anger; provoked.

Oh let nut the Lord be angry, and 1 will fpeak:
peradventure there fliall be thirty f >unJ ther".

Gen. xviii. 30,

z. It feems properly to require, when the
objeft of anger is mentioned, the parti-
cle at before a thing, and •wiih before a
perfon ; but this is not ahvay! obicrved.

Your Corinlanus is net ni ich inilTe^i, but with
his friends : the commonwe ilth doth iVind, and fo
wuuld do, where he angry at ir. St akgjfeare*

N.tw therefore be not grieved, nor iJngry nvith
yourlclves, that ye fold nrc hither : toi God did
fend me before you to prcfervc lit'c. Cen. xlv. 5.

I rliink it a vaft pleafure, that whenever t^o
per jjic of merit tegrtrd one another, fo inany
fcound.els envy and are angry at them. SivJ't.

3. Havitig the appearance of anger ; ha-
ving the tiFeft of anger.

'1 He n.nth w nd i iv h away rain : fo doth an
angry couiienancc a backbiting tongue.

Provt XXV. 23,

.\. In chirurgery, painful j inflrtmed j
fmarting.

This

A N G

TT.Ii fcnim, bting accompin'ieJ ■l>y At thinner
fUU of the blood, growj rei ind afii;ry ; and,
wanQng it« due tegrefs into the malt, fitrt gathers
intj a hard fwclling, and, in a /ew days, ripens
into matter, and fo difciiarj^rth. H^i/tnuin,

A'ncuish. a./, [angot^, Fr. angor, Lat.]
Exceffive pain either of mind or body;
applied to tlte mind, it means the pain
of/onozv, and is feldom ufed to fignify
other paiEons.

Not all fo cheerful feemed flie of fi(;lit,
As was her Uucr; whether dread did dweit.
Or arguijb, in her heart, is hard Co tell.

Fairy Sijuen.

V\nMt't^Mt Mignijh, when 'tis feve.al.
By occaflon wak'd, and ci.''cum((an:ial;
True viilue'a f(-ul 's always in all dteds uU. Donne.

They had pcrfecutors, whofe invention was as
.great as tlieir cruelty. Wit and malice confpirea
to find out fuch deaths, and thofe of (uch incredi-
4>le anguifh, that only the manner of dying was the
puniAment, death itfelf the deliverance. Soktb.

Perpetual arguijh fills His aniious bieaft.
Not ftopt by bufinefs, nor compns'd by reft ;
No mufick cheers hiro, nor no feal) can.pleafc.

Drydeiu

AfKGvtsHto.at//. [from angui_^.] Seized
with anguilh ; tortured ; ejcceffively
pained : not in ufe.

Feel no touch
Of confcience, but of fitnc, and be
Anguiftfi, not that 'twas fin, but that 'twas fhe.

Dmnc.
A'ngvlar. adj. [ftflm angle. '\
%. Having angles or corners; cornered.

As for the figure of ciyftal, it is for the moft
part hexagonal, or fix cornered, being built upon
a confufcd matter, from whence, as it were from
a root, angular figures arife, even as in the ame-
thyft and bafaltes. Brcivn's Vulgar Erroun

2. Confiding of an angle.

The diftance of the edges of the knives from one
another, at the dillance of four inches from the
angular point, where the edges of the knives meet,
was the eighth part of an inch. Nenul!,ns Opiicks,
Angula'rity. n.f. [from «»^«/ar.] The
quality of being angular, or having
corners.
A'ngularly. adv . [from angular. ] With
angles or corners.

Another put of the fame folution afforded us

an ice arrgularly figured. Beyle.

A'n oularness. n./. [from angular."] The

quality of being angular.
A'n G u L A T E D. adj. [from angle.] Formed
with angles or corners.

Topazes, amcthyfts, or emeralds, which grow in
the fiflurcs, are ordinarily cryftalliz-d, or ihot into
.angu/ated figures j wb^'reas, in the (hata, th y arc
found in rudcitfmj>s, |jkc yellow, purple, .ind green
pebbles. H^ccJward,

Anoulo'sity. a,/ [ftomangulcuj.] An-
gularity ; oor:iered form. Dafl.
A'n gu LOUS. aJ/. [from angle.] Hooked;
angular.

N ir can it be a difference, that the parts of
folid bidles are held togcrher by hooks, and angu-
lous invol(itior« ; fincc the coherence of the parts
of thefe VI l\ be of as dlfiicult a conception.

Ghr.ville.

A f! c v'iT. aJ/. [aBgu^Ms, Lit.] Narrow;

ftrait.
Ang csta'tion. n./. [fro.Ti angujlus.]
The ail ;)f making narrow; draiteiiing;
the ftate of being narrowed.

The caule may be referred either to the gru-
frouinefs of the blood, or Vj ohAiuCt'vjn >'t the
♦"-.n r)mewhe!e in its paiiage, by fouiC an^uflarhn
Ufoa it b^ j>ait of the tumour> ]ViJemaii.

5

A N I

Anhela'tion. »./. [anljslo, Lat.] The

aft of panting ; the ftate of being out

of breath.
Anhelo'se. adj. [anhelus, Liit.] Out of

breath ; panting ; labouring of being

cut of breath. -O/V?.

Ame'nted. adj. [aneantir, Fr.] Frul-

trated ; brought to nothing.
An i'g h t s. adi). [from a for at, and night.]

In the night time.
Sir Toby, you muft come in earlier uni^iri; my

lady takes great exceptions at your ill hours.

Stake/feare.

A'nil. n./. The (hrub from whofe leaves

and ftalks indigo is prepared.
Ani'leness. In./, [ani/itas, Lat.] The
Ani'lity. 5 '^^^^ ^^ being an old

woman ; the old age of women.
A' n J MAOhE. adj. [from a«/»/a/^.] That

which may be put into life, or receive

animation. DiS.

Ani madve'rsion. n. /. [ammad'vei^o,

Lat.]

1. Reproof; fevere cenfure ; blame.

He difmifled their coramiliioners with fevere and
iharp aritnadverjions. Clarendttn.

2. Punifhment. When the objeft of ««;'-
madverjion is mentioned, it has the par-
ticle on or upon before it.

When a bill is debating in parliament,!! is ufual
to have the controverfy handled by pamphlets on
both fiJeij without the Icaft ammadverfiM upon the
autl'ors. S-wi/t.

3. In law.

An ecclcfiaftica! cenfure, and an ecclefiaftical
animad^uerjion, are different things; for a cenfure
has a rcl.ition to a fpiritual punilhmcnt, but an
animad-verjlfjn has only a refpedt to a temporal one ;
as, degradation, and the delivering the perfon over
to the fccular court. Ayliffe'i Parergon.

4. Perception ; power of notice : not in ufe.

The foul is the folc percipient which hath am-
madvtrjhn and fenfe, properly fo called. Glanvtlle.
Anim adve'rsive. adj. [from animad-
•vert.] That has the power of perceiv-
ing ; percipient : not in ufe.

The ref refcntation of objcfts to the foul, the
only antmadvirjive principle, is conveyed by mo-
tions made on the immediate organs of fenfe.

Glanvilk.

Ani M adve'rsiveness. n.f. [froma«/>»-

adverJi-Je.] The power of animadverting,

or making judgment. Did.

To ANIMADVE'RT. -J.n. {animadwrto,

Lat.]

1, To pafs cenfures upon.

I fh'juld not animad-vert on him, who was a pain-
ful obfcrvcr of the decorum nf the ftage, if he
had n-it ufed extreme fevcrity in his judgment of
the incomparable Shakefpcare. Dryden.

2. 'I'oinflift punilliment5. In both fenfcs
with the particle u/>on.

If the Author of the univerfe animadverts vf on
men heie below, how much more will it become
him to do it upon their entrance into a higher date
of being? Griiu

Ani MA dve'rtbr.o./ [fvora auimad'vert.]
He that palTcs cenfures, or inflifts pu-
nidiments.

Cod is a ftridobferver of, and a fevere animad-
verter uport, fuch as prffumc to partake of thf>l>
myi^erii's, vvithout fuch a prepaiation. South.

A'NIMAL. n.f. [animal, Lat.]_

I. A living creature corpsjj-eal, diHinft, on

the one fide, from pure fpirit ; on the

other, from mere matter.

A N I

Animals are fuch beings, which, befides
the power of growing, and producing
their like, as plants and vegetables have,
are endowed alfo with fenfation and fpon-
taneous motion. Mr. Ray gives two
fchemcs of tables of them.

Animals are either
'Sanguineous, that is, lucb aa hare blood, which
breathe either by
pLungs, having cither

f Two ventricles in their heart, and thofe
cither

<<

r Viviparous,

) C Aquatick, as the whale kind,
I ^ Terrcllria), as quadrupeds;
{_ Oviparous, as birds.

But one ventricle in the heart, as frogs, tor"
toifcs, and ferpents.
Gills, as all fanguineous fiHies, except ths
l_ whale k'nd.
Exfan;uineous, or without blood, which may bs

divided into
"Greater, and thofe either

! Naked,
\ Terrellrial, as naked fnaits.
? Aqiiatick, as the poulp, cuttle-fi/h, &c.
Covered wi.th a tegument, cither

fCrudaceous, as lobfters and crab-fifh.
Teft.iceous, either
r Univalve, as limpets ;
< Bivalve, asoyfleis,mufcIes, cockles;
( Turbinate, a^pcriwinkles, fnails, &c.
__l.efier, as infers of a.i forts.
Vivipa'ous haiiy arim.t's, or quadrupeds, are either
"Hoofed, which are eitlier
f Wliolc-footeJ or hoofed, as the horfe and afs ;
I Cloven-footed, having the hoof" divided into
[*Twi) principal parts, called bil'ulca, either
r Such as chew not the cud, as fwine;
^ Ruminant, or fuch at chew the cud ; di-
l_ vidcd into
Such as have perpetual and hollow horns.
r Beef-kind,
^ Sheep-kind,
t Goat-kiiid.

Such as have lolid, branched, and deciduous
horns, as the deer-kind.
Four part , or quadriluica, as the rhinoceros
j 1^ and hippopotamus.
(^Clawed or digitate, having the foot divided into
f Two-paris or toes, having two nails, as the
< camel-kind ;
(_ Many^es or claws ; either
C Un(^:"!ed, as the elephant ;

1 Divided, which have either

J Broad nails, and an human (hape, as apes;

2 Narrower, and more pointed nails,
which, in rcf()e6l ofthcir teeth, are divided into fuch

as have

Many foreteeth, or cutters, in each jaw ;
■ The greater, which have V

and rounder head, as the

<

r A Ihortcr fnout :

i cat-kind ;

t A longer fnout ai

and head, as the dog-kind.
.The lelfcr, the vermin orweaici-kind.

Oiily two large iind rcrna,kjble fKet:cih, all
which are ph;. tivorous, and are called the hare-
kind. Kay.

Vegetables are proper enough to repair an'^ma/i,
aa being near of the fame fpec-fick graviry with
the animal juices, and as confi.ling of the Umc
paits with animal fubl>anccs> fpirit, water, fait,
oil, earth ; all which are contained in the fap
they der'vt^ from the earth. ylrOuthnot on j^'hncnts.

Sonic of the animated lut.Jt.inces have various
organical or inftrumenial parts, fitted "for a v:i~
riety of motions from place to place, and a fpring
of life within themfclvcs, as bcafVs, birds, fifhcs,
and iniefts ; thefe are called animals. Other ani-
mated I'ublVances aie called vegetables, wliich have
vvithin themfclvcs the principles of anotlier fort
of life and gro.vth, and of various produiJtions of
leaves and fruit, fuch as we lee in plants, herbs,
and trees. fVatu's JLogici.

z. B,,

A N I

2. By way of contempt, we fay of a ftupid
man, tir.t he is zjlupid animal.

A'nimal. adj. [afi/ma/ij, Lat.]
I . That which belongs or relates to ani-
mals.

There are thing* in the world of Tpirits, where-
in our ideas are very dark and confufed ; fuch as
their union with animal naOkn, the way of their
ailing ou material beings, and their converfewith
each cither. JVatti's Logkk.

1. Animal fundlions, diftinguiihed from
natural and 'vital, are the lower powers
of the mind, as the will, memory, and
imagination.

J. Animal life is oppofed, on one fide,
to intelleBual, and, on the other, to ve-
getable.

4. Animal is ufed in oppofuion 10 fpiritual
or rational; as, the animal nature.

Anima'lcule. n.f. \animalculum, Lat.]
A fmall animal ; particularly thofe which
are in their firft and fmal'cft ftatc.

We are to know, that they all come cf the feed
of «m»ifl.W« of their own land, that were before
laid there. Raj.

Anima'lity. n.f. [from ««/'»»«/.] The
ftate of animal exiftence.

The word animal firft only fignifies human an'i-
waiily. In tlie minor propofition, the word ani-
mal, for the fame reafon, fignifiea the animaliiy of
a goofe : thereby it becomes an ambiguous term,
and unfit to build the conclufion upon. H^attt.

reA'NIMATE. -v. a. [animo, Lat.]

I» To quicken ; to make alive; to give

life to : as, the foul animates the body ;

man mull have been animated by a

higher power.
c. To give powers to; to heighten the

^Jowers or effedl of any thing.

But none, ah ! none can animate the lyre,
And the mute ftrings with vocal fouls infpire :
Whether the learn'd Minena be her theme.
Or chafte Diana bathing in the ftream ;
None can record their hcav'niy praile (o well
AsHclen,in wbofe eyes ten thoufaod Cupids dwell.

Drydfn.

3. To encourage; to incite.

The more to aeimart the people, he flood on
high, from whence he might be btft heard, and
cried unto them with a loud »oice. KnclUs.

He was avimaiiJ to eipeft the papacy, by the
prediflion of a foothfaycr, that one fliould fac-
eted Pope Leo, whofc name fliould be Adrian.

Bacon.

A'n I m a t e . aJj. [from To animate.'^ Alive ;
polTefling animal life.

All bodies have fpirits and pneumatical parts
within them ; but the main differences between
animate and inanimate, are two : the firft ip, that
thefpirits o(i\:i\n%sammatttre ill contained within
themfelvci, and are branched in veins and fecret
canals, as blood is ; and, in living creatures, the
fpirits have not only branches, but certain tells or
feats, where the principal fpirits do refide, and
whereunto the reft do refort : but the fpirits in
things inanimate are (hut in, and cut off by the
tangible parts, and are not pervious one to ano-
ther, as air is in fnow. Baun,

Nobler birth
Of creJtures animaa with gradual Hfe,
Of growth, fenfe, reafoo, all fammM up in man.

There are fcveral topicks ofcd againft athcifm
and idolatry ; fuch as the vifible marics of divine
wifdom and goodrefs in the works of the creation,
the vital union of fouls with matter, and the ad-
mitrabte ftrufiure ai animate boaies. BeniUy,

A'n r MAT ED. participial adj. [from ani-
mau.] Lively j vigorous.
Vol. L

A N K

Warr!our« Cic fires with animated founds;

Pours balm into the bleeding lovei's wounds. Prfe.
A'ni MATE NESS. n.J'. [from animate.'^

The Hate of being animated. Di^.

Anima'tioi^. n.f. [hom animate.'\

1. The aft of animating or enlivening.

Plants or vegetables are the principal part cf the
third day's work. They are the iirft froiucai,
w^hich is the word of animaticn. Bacon.

2. The ftate of being enlivened.

Two general motions in all animalion are its
beginning and encreafe ; and two more to run
through its ftate and declination.

Briywnt fu/^ar Erraun.
A'kim AT ivt. ad/, [from animate.] That
which has the power of giving life, or
animating.
Anima'tor. n.f. [from animate."] That
which gives life ; or any thing analo-
gous to lift, as motion.

Thofe bodies being of a congenerous nature, do
readily receive tlieimpreffions of their motor, and,
if not fettered by their gravity, conform themfelvcs
to iituations, wherein they beft unite to their ani-
mator. Bmun.

Animo'se. adj. [animefut, Lat. J Full
offpirit; hot; vehement. Z>/V?.

Animo'seness. n.f. [fiotaoHimofe.] Spi-
rit ; heat ; vehemence of temper. Di£t.
Animo'sity. it.f. [animefitaj, La.t.] Ve-
hemence of hatred ; paflionate malig-
nity. It implies rather a difpofition to
break out into outrages, than the out-
rage itfelf.

They were fure to bring paftion, ammofity, and
malice enough of their own, what evidence foever
they had from others. Ctarendcn.

If there is not fome method found out for al-
laying thefe heats and animofitiei among the fair
fcx, one does not know to what outrages they may
proceed. _ _ MJifm.

No religious feiS ever carried their averfions for
each other to greater heights than our ftate par-
ties have done 5 who, the more to inflame their
paflions, have mixed religious and civil amincjiiin
together ; borrowing one of their appellations from
the church. Swift.

A'nise. n.f. [anifum, Lat.] A /pecies of
apium orpardey, with large fweet-fcent-
ed feeds. This plant is not worth pro-
pagating in England for ufe, bccanfe
the feeds can be had much better and
cheaper from Italy. Miller.

Ve pay the tythe of mint, and anife, and cum-
min, an J have omitted the weightier matters of the
law, judgment, mercy, and faith : thtfc ought ye
to have done, and not to leave tlie otlier undone.
Matt, xxiil. 23.

A'nker. n.f. [aneier, Dutch.] A liquid
meafure chiefly ufed at Amftcrdam. It
is the fourth part of the awm, and con-
tains two ftekans : each ftekan confifts
of fixteen mengles ; the mengic being
equal to two of our wine quarts.

Ci>amiert.

A'nkle. ». f. [ancleop, Saxon ; anckel,
Dutch.] The joint which joins the foot
to the leg.

One of liis anHes was much fwrlled anl ulce-
rated on the infide, in feveral places. Wijtman,

My fimple fyilem fnall fuppofe,
That Alma enters at the toes ;
That then fhc mounts by juft aegrees
Up to the anUti, l-.g,, and knees. Fritr,

A'n k l e-bo n e . n.f. [from ankle and Lone.]
The bone of the ankle.

The ftiin-bone, trom the knee to the rnftep, is
made by fljadjv/ing one half of the leg with t fin-

ANN"

gle (hal.-iw; t^sanik-h tievivX (hcw!tfe!f by a flia«
dow given tinierncadi, a^ tii<; knee, Viachun.*

A' N N A L I s r . n.f. [ from annals . ] A wri ler
of annals.

Their own annalift has given the fam^ t'tle t:i
that f .^yrm/ww. Atterhury,

A'NNALS. n.f. tvithout fingular num-
ber. {annaks,'L'iX.'\ HiHories digelled i«
the exadt order of time ; narratives in
which every event is recorded under its
proper year.

Could you with patience hear, or I relate,
O nymph ! the tedious anr,ah of our f.ue ;
Through fuch a train of woes if I ihould run.
The day would fooner than the talc be done !

f)ry^.'ff.

We are aftured, by many glorious examples in the

<»7m/j of our religion, that every one, in the like

circumftances of diftrefs, will not aft and argue

thus ; but thus will every one be tempted to aft.

R^gert,
A'wNATS.B.y; ivithoutfingular. [annates ^
Lat.]

1. Firft fruits ; becaufe the rate of £r(l
fruits paid of fpiritual livings, is after
one year's profit. Coiuell.

2. Malles faid in the Romifh church for
the fpace of a year, <Jr for any pther
time, either for the foul of a perlbn de-
ceafed, or for the benefit of a perfon
living. Ayliffe's Parergcn.

To Anne'al.'v. a. [aelan, to heat, Saxon.]

1. To heat glafs, tftat the colours laid oa
it may be fixed.

But when thou doft atmeal in glafs thy ftory,

^-^— — — then the light and glory
More rev'rend grows, and more doth win,
Which elfe ihcws wat'rifli, bleak, and thin.

Heriert.

When you purpofe to anneal, take a plate of iron
made fit for the oven ; or take a blue ftone, which
being made fit for the oven, lay it upon the crofi
bars of iron. Peacham>

Which her own inward fymmetry reveal'd.
And like a pifture /hone, in glafs anneal^ J. Dryd*

2. To heat glafs after it is blown, that it
may not break.

3. To heat any thing in fuch a manner as
to give it the true temper.

To ANNE'X. 'V. a. [anneilo, annexum, Lat.
annexer, Fr.]

1. To unite to at the end ; as, he annexed
a codicil to his will.

2. To unite, as a fmaller thing to a
greater ; as, he annexed a province to
his kingdom.

3. To ■aviw.e. a pofieriori ; annexion always
prefuppofing fomething : thus we may
fay, puniihment is annexed to guilt,
but not guilt to puniftiment.

Concerning fate or dcftiny, the opinions of
thofe learned men, that have written thereof^
may be fafely received, h.^ri they not tlieieunta
anntxcd and laftened an if .itable necellity, and
made it more general an univsrfally powerful
than it is. Raleiifi.

Nations will decline fo low
From virtue, which is reaf>n, that no wrong.
But juftice, and feme fatal <urfe anntaCd,
Deprives them ot their outward liberty. Mllrtiu

1 me^n not the authi^rity, which is amtt-xeit to
your ofHce ; 1 fpeak of that only which is inborn
and inherent to your perlbn. DrycUn*

He cannot but love virtue whf^rcvor it is, aoji
annex happinefs always to theexercife of it.

jStttrhury.

The temporal reward Is anntxcJ tj the bare

perfirmanc; of the aftioi\, but the eternal to the

obcdicncf^. Rogers.

M ANKfi'x.

ANN

Ann e'x. «./. [from To annex."] The thing
annexed ; additament.

FiUing !n his firft attempt to be but like the
hiijhell in heaven, he hath obtained of men to be
the fame on earth, and hath accordingly aflTumcd
the anntxit of divinity. Brnvn.

Ankexa'tion. »./. [(torn annex. "l

t. Conjunflion ; addition.

If we can return to that charity and peaceable
mindednefj, wliich Chrift fo vehemently recom-
mends to us, we have his own promife, that the
whole body will be full of light, Matlb. vi. that
all other chriftian virtues will, ty way of conco-
mitance or annexatkn, attend them. Hamtncnd.

Z. Union ; aft or praftice of adding or
uniting.

How annixatUm of benefices firft came into
the church, whether by the prince's authority, or
the pope's licence, is a very great difpute.

Ayhffet Parcrgon.

Akne'xion. n. f. [from annex,] The aft
of annexing ; addition.

It is ncceflary to engage the fears of men, by
the ar.nexku of luch penalties as will overbalance
temporal pleafure. Rogers.

Anne'xment. »./. [froia annex,"]

1. The aft of annexing.

2. The thing annexed.

When it falls,
Each fmall anr.exmcni, petty confequence,
Attends the boift'rous ruin. Shakcfpcare.

Anni'hilaBLE. adj. [^tom annihilate.]

That which may be reduced to nothing ;

that which may be put out of exiftence.
To ANNI'HILATE. -v. a. [ad and nihi-

lum, Lat.]
I. To reduce to nothing ; to put out of

exiftence.

It is impoffible for any body to be utterly an-
mhilaud\ but that, as it was the work of the
omnipotency of God to make fomewhat of no-
thing, fo it requireth the like omnipotency to
turn fomewhat into nothing. Bacon,

Thou taught'ft me, by making me
Love her, who doth neglecl both me and thee,
T' invent and praflife this one way c'anribilaie ail
three. Doinc.

He defpaired of Ccd's mercy ; he, by a de-
collation fcf all hope, ann'ihllaud his mercy.

Bro-zvns Vulgar Errours.
Whofc fricndfliip can ftand agaiuft afl'aults,
ftrong enough to annihilate the fricndfliip of puny
lainds ; fuch an one has reached true conflancy.

South.

Some imagined, water fufficient to a deluge

was created, and, when the bufinefs was done,

diibanded and annihilattj. Woodward.

2. To deftroy, (o as to make the thing
otherwife than it was.

The flood hatli altered, deformed, or rather
annihihtcd, this place, fo as no man can find any
mark or memory thereof. Raltigh.

3. To annul ; to deftroy the agency of
any thing.

There is no reafon, that any one commonwealth
fliould annihilate that whereupon the whoie world
has agreed. Hooker.

Annihila'tion. n.f. [iroia annihilate.]
The aft of reducing to nothing. The
ftate of being reduced to nothing.

God hath his influence into the very cflence of
things, without which their utter annihilation
could not choofe but follow. Hooker,

That knowledge, which as fplrits we obtain,
Is to be valued in the midft of pain :
AnKibilaiion were to lofc heav'n more t
We are not quite cxil'd, where thought can foar.

Drydcn.

AMNivE'RJARy. »./[«««/'w^»/«r;«j, Lat.]

ANN

1. A day celebrated as it returns in the
courfe of the year.

For encouragement to follow the example of
martyrs, the primitive chriftians met at the places
of their martyrdom, to praifc God for them, and
to obferve the anniverfar/ of their fufterings.

Siillingfeet.

2. The aft of celebration, or performance,
in honour of the anniverfary day.

Donne had never feen Mrs. Drury, whom he
has made immortal in his admirable anniverfariei,

Drydcn,

3. Anniverfary is an ofKce in the Romifh
church, celebrated now only once a year,
but which ought to be faid daily through
the year, for the foul of the deceafed.

Ayliffe's Farergon.
AtiKivt'tLSAitY.aJJ.[anni-ver/arius,L&t.]
Returning with the revolution of the
year ; annul! ; yearly.

The heaven whirled about with admirable ce-
lerity, moft conllantly finlfliing its annimrfary
viciflitudes. Ray.

They dcrfy giving any worfliip to a creature,
as inconfiftent with chriftianity; but confefs the
honour and efteem for the martyrs, which they
expvefTcd by keeping their anniverfary days, and
recommending their example. StiUin^Jlcet,

jfNNO DOMINI. [Lat.] In the year of
our Lord ; as, anno domini, or A, D.
1751 ; that is, in the feventeen hun-
dred and fifty-firft year from the birth
of our Saviour.

Akno'isance. «./. [from aawoy, but not
now in ufe.]

It hath a double fignification. Any hurt done
either to a publick place, as highway, bridge, or
common river j or to a private, by laying any
thing that may breed infection, by encroaching,
or fuch like means. The writ that is brought
upon this tranfgreflion. See Nuisance, the
word now ufed. Blount.

A'NNOLIS. n.f. An American animal,
like a lizard.

Annota'tion. n. f. [annota/io, Lat.]
Explications or remarks written upon
books ; notes.

It might appear very improper to publifh anno-
tations, without the text itfelf whereunto they re-
late. Boyle.

Annota'tor. n.f. [Lat.] A writer of
notes, or annotations ; a fcholiaft ; a
commentator.

I have not that refpeft foil the annotators, which
they generally meet wit!i in the v/orld.

Felion on the Clajfttks.

To Anno'unce. 'V. a, [annondr, Fr. an-
nuncio, Lat.]

1 . To publifli ; to proclaim.

Of the Mefliah 1 have heard foretold
By all the prophets ; of thy birth at length
Atmcunc'd by Gabriel with the firft 1 knew. Mill,

2. To pronounce ; to declare by a judi-
cial fentence.

Thole, mighty Jove, mean time, thy glorious
care,
Who model nations, publilh laws, announce
Or life or death. Prior.

To ANNO'y. -v. a. [annoyer, Fr.] To in-
commode ; to vex ; to teaze ; to moleft.

Woe to poor man ; each outvyard thing annoys
him ;
He heaps in inward grief, that moft deftroys him.

Sidney,
Her joyous prefcnce and fweet company
In full content he there did long enjoy ;

Ne wicked envy, nor vile jealoufy.
His dear delights were able to ennoy. Fairy S^etn,

ANN

As one who long in populous city pent.
Where houfes thick, and fcwers, anncy the alri
Forth ifluing on a fummer's morn to breathe
Among the pleafant villages, and farms
Adjoin'd, from each thing met conceives delight.

MJton,

InfcAs fcldom ufe their offcnfive weapons, un-

lefs provoked : let them but alone, and anmy them

not. . R'y-

Anno'y. n.f, [from the verb.] Injury;

moleftation ; trouble.

Sleep, Richmond, fieep in peace, and wake in

joy;

Good angels guard thee from the boar's anny,

Sbekefftare,
All pain and joy is in their way ;
The things we fear bring lefa aisnoj
Than fear, and hope brings greater joy;

But in themfelvcs they cannot (lay. Dome,

What then remains, but, after paft annoy,

To take the good viciditude of joy r

DryJen.

Anno'yakce. n,f. [from annoy.]

1 . That which annoys ; that which hurts.

A grain, a duft, a gnat, a wand'ring hair,
Any annoyance in th.it precious fenfc. Shaktjf.

Crows, ravers, rooks, and magpies, are great
annoyances to corn. _ Mortimer,

2. The ftate of being annoyed ; 'or a^t of
annoying.

The fpit venom of their poifoned hearts brcak-
eth out to the annoyance of others. Hotker.

The greateft annoyance and difturbance of man-
k'nd has been from one of thofo two things, force
or fraud. South,

For the further annoyance and terrour of any
befieged place, they would throw into it dead
bodies. Pf^ilkins,

Anno'yer. n, f, [homTo annoy.] The

perfon that annoys.
A'nnual. adj. [annuel, Fr. ftom annus,

Lat.]

1 . That which comes yearly.

Annual for me the grape, the rofe, renew
The juice neGareous, and the balmy dew. Pofit,

2. That which is reckoned by the year.

The king's majefty
Does purpofe honour to you; to which
A thoufand pounds a-year, annual fup'port.
Out cf his grace he aJds. Stakfff. Henry VIII.

3. That which lafts only a year.

The dying in the winter of tlie roots of plants
that are annual, fecmeth to be caufed by the
over-expence of the lap ; which being prevented,
they will fuperannuate, if they ftand warm. Bacon.

Every tree may, in fome fenfe, be faid to be
an annual plant, both leaf, flower, and fruit
proceeding from the coat that was fuperinduced
over the wood the laft year. Ray,

A'nnually. Wv. [from fla«B«/.] Year-
ly ; every year.

By two drachms, they thought it fufficient to
fignify a heart ; becaufe the heart at one year
welgheth two drachms, that is, a quarter of an
ounce ; and, unto fifty years, annually encrealcth
the weight of one drachm.

Bro'wn's Vulvar Errcurs,
The whole ftrength of a nation is the utmoft
that a prince can raife annually from his fubje^s.

Su-ifi.
Annu'itant. n.f, [from annuity.] He

that poffcfles or receives an annuity.
ANNUITY, n.f [annuiti, Fr.]
I. A yearly rent to be paid for term' of
life or years. The dift'erences bet\veen
a rent and an annuity are, that every
rent is going out of land ; but an an-
nuity charges only the granter, or his
heirs, that have affets by defcent. The
fecond' llifterence is, that, for the re-
.coverys of an annuity, no aftion lies,
_, but only jJis writ of annuily againft the
\ granter.

A N O

A N O

A N O

granter, his heirs, or fucceflbrs ; but of
a rent, the fame adlions lie as do of land.
The third difference is, that an annuity
is never taken for affets, becaufe it is
no freehold in law ; nor ftiall be put in
execution upon a ftatute merchant, fta-
tute ilaple, or elegit, is a rent may.

Cotujell.
2. A yearly allowance.

He was generally knmvn to be the fon of one

esri, and brother to anotlier, who fup^-'ljed his ex-

pcnce, beyond what his amtu'rty from his father

would bear. Clarcritt^n,

?"<; An n u't. -v. a. [from nullas.']

1 . 'I'o make void ; to nullify j to abro-
gate ; to abolifh.

TJiat which gives force to the law, is the autho-
rity that cnadh it i and whoever deftroys this
f authorit)', decs, in eficdt, atitiui the law. R^g^n,

2. To reduce to nothing ; to obliterate.

L^ght, -the i^ure work, ot Qod, to me 's extinCV,
And ail her various objects of delight
jirniujl'ti, which might in part iny grief have eas'd.

Mi/ion.

A'.N N UL A R. adj. [from annulus, Lat.] In

the form of a ring.

That they might not, in bending the arm or

' le^, rife up, he has tied them to the bones by a*:-

Kular ligaments. Chryne,

A'sNULARY, aJJ, [from annulus, Lat.]
In the form of rings.

Bicaufc. continual refpiration is neceflary, the
wind-pipe is made with anaaUry cartilages, that
the fides of it may not flag a.^d fall together. Ray.

A'nnulet. n.f. [^(toox anttului, Lat.]

1. A little ring.

2. [In heraldry.] .\ difference or mark
of diilindlion, which the fifth brother of
any family ought to bear in his coat of
arms.

3. Annulets are alfo a part of the coat-
armour of feveral families ; they were
anciently reputed a mark of nobility
and jurifdiflion, it being the cuftom of
prelates to receive their invelliture per
haculum IS annulum.

4. [In architedure.] The fmali fquare
members, in the Dorick capital, under
the quarter round, are called, aimuhts.

5. Annulet is aHo ufcd for a narrow flat
moulding common to other parts of the
column ; fo called, becaufe it encom-
paffes the column round. Chambers.

Tn ANNU'MKRATE. v. a. [annumfra,
Lat.] To add to a former number ; to
unite to fomething before mentioned.

Ajjnvmer a'tion. ». f. [anni:>'!eratio,
Laj.] Addition to a former number.

To ANNU'NCIATE. -j. a. [annuncio,
Lat ] To bring tidings ; to relate
fomething that has fallen out : a word
not in popular ufe,

Ansunci a'tion day. n.f. [from an-
nunciate.'] The day celebrated by the
church, in memory of the angel's falu-
tation of the bleffed Virgin ; folemnized
with us on the twenty-fifth of March.

I'rin thr day of the Mnrjunciaikrtf or L.idy-
I'.iv, i.'.-Tciiiatc on the incarnation of our blcflcd
J> .\.v .: : and fo upon all the feitivats of the year.

TayUr,

.Vnodvne. adj, [from « andliim.] That
which has the power of mitigating pain.

Yet durft {h't not too deeply probe the wound,
At Itoptog ftiU die ncbler pant were found :

But drove with anodynes t' alTtiage the fmwt,
And mildly thus her med'cine did impart. D'yJ.
A'joiiyms^ or abaters o( pi.n (jf tiie alimentary
kind, are fucli things as relax the tenfion of the
alTeited nervous 6bres, as decoctions of cmol-
lient fubftances j. thofe tilings wl^ich dciiroy the
particular acrimony which occafions tlie pain \
or what deadens the fenfation of the brain, by
procuring fleep. Arhathml.

To- ANO'INT. -v. a. [oinJre, enoindre,
part, oint, enoint, Fr.]

1. To rub over with uncluous matter, as
oil, or unguents.

An7\nU'd let me be with deadly venom. Sbaktfft.

Thou (halt hive oliv. *ieos throughout all thy
coafts, but thou ihalt not arroint thyl'eif with the
oil : for thine olive ihall cail his fru^t.

Dai:. xxvIiS 40.

2. To fmear ; to be rubbed upon.

Warm waters then, in brazen caldrons borne.
Are poui'd to walh his body, joint by joint.
And fragrant oils the ftiSiin'd limbs ansiiit.'

Drydin.

3. To confecrate by unftion.

I w iuld r.vc fee thy filler
In his axohted fl^'/h ftick biariih fangs. Shultjp.

Ano'inter. n.f. [from ansint.] The
perfon that anoints.

Ano'malis.vi. n./. [from anomaly."] Ano-
maly ; irregularity ; deviation from the
cominon rule. Di<3.

AnOmali'stical. ad/, [from anomaly.]
Irregular ; applied in alb-onomy to the
year, taken lor the time in which the
earth paffeth through its orbit, dillinft
from the tropical year.

Ano'malous. adj. [ccpri'v. and iftaX©-.]
Irregular ; out of rule ; deviating from
the general methotfor analogy of things.
It is applied, in grammar, to words
deviating from the common rules of
inflexion ; and, in ailronomy, to the
feemingly irregular motions of the pla-
nets.

There will arife mtmalous didurbances not only
in civil and artificial, but alfo in military officers.
Bmvti^t fulgar Erroun.
He being acquainted with fomc chiraders of
every fpeech, you may at plcafure make him un-
derhand onomahui pronunciation. Holder,
Metals arc gold, filvcr, copper, tin, 1e.id, and
iron ! to which we may join that ammahus body,
quickfilvcr or mercury. Lccks.
Ano'malouslv. ad-v. [from anomalous.]
Irregularly ; in a manner contrary to
rule.

Eve was not folemnly begotten, but fuddenly
fra.Tied, and ancmaUuJJy proceeded from Adam.

Bryivns Vulgar Errcurs.']
ANO'MALY. »./.• [anomalie, Fr. anoma-
lia, Lat. a»47^aX(5>-.] Irregularity ; de-
viation from the common rule.

If we Ihould tiiance to find a mother debauch-
ing her daughter, as fuch monili-rs have been
fccn, we muft charge this upon a peculiar aronialy
and bafcncli of nature. South.

1 do not purfue the many pfeudographies in
ufe, but intend to jhcw how moft of thcfc aft^-
matiei in writing might be avoided, and better
fupplied. Holder.

A'nomy. n.f. [afriv. andvofi®-.] Breach
of law.

If fin be good, and juft, and lawful, it is no
more evil, it is no fin, no anomy.

Bramhall a^i'wji Hchhti.

Ano'n. adv. [Junius imagines it to be an
elliptical form of fpeaking for /// one,
that is, in one minttte ; Skinner from a
and ncan, or near ; Minjheiv from en on.]

4

I. Quickly ; foon ; in a Ihcrt time.

A little fnow, tumbled about,
At:in becomes a mountain. Shakefpeare,

Will they came abroad anon?
Shall we fee young Obcr..ii .' Ben j'cn/tn.

However, witncfs, Hcav'n \
Heay'n, witnefs thou amn ! while we difcharge
Freely rur part. Milton.

He was not without defign at that prelent, 2^
(hall be made outitnon; meaning by that device
to withdraw himfelf. ClareiKlcn,

Still as I did the leaves infpire,
Witli fuch a purple light they (hone.

As if they had been made of fire, ,
And fpre.iding Co, would llamc an^n.
z. Sometimes ; now and then ;
times. In this fenfc is uled
anon,, for now and then.

Full forty days he pafs'd, whether on hill
Sometimes, anon m Ihady vale, each n'ght.
Or harbourM in-one cave, is notreveal'd. Milton*
Ano'n YMOus. adj. [x friv. and o»o^a.j
Wanting a name.

'I'hefe animalcules ferve alfo for food to another

amryni^us infedt oi the waters. Rfiy*

I'hey would forthwith publiili flanders unpu-

nifhed, the authors being atwrymcuS) the inime-

diate publilhers thereof fculking.

Notes en ike Dunctad.
Ano'n YMOUS LY. adv. [from anonymous.^
Without a name.

1 would know, wiicther the edition is to come
outamiyntoujiy, among complaints of fpurious edi-
tions. Sivift,

A'norexy. n.f. [«jo;r;f(a.] Inappetcncy,

Waller.

at other
e-ver and

9.

uincy.

or loatlung of food.
Ano'ther. adj. [from «« and o//at.]
1. Not the fame.

He that iviU n.)t lay a foundation for perpetual
difordcr, muft of ncccllity find ancficr rile of go-
v.-rnment than that. Locke.

2i One more ; a new addition to tlie
former number.

A fourth ?

What ! will the line ftretch out to th' crack of

doom ?
Another yet ?— a feventh ! I'll fee no more.

Shakeffeare.

3. Any other ; any one elfe.

If one, man iin againlt anotbcry the judge lliall
judge him. I Han-.uiltn. 25.

Why not of her ? prcferrM above the reft
By him with knightly deeds, and open love pro-

fefs'd;
So had amtber been, where he his vows addrcfs'd.

Dryden.

4. Not one's felf.

A man {hall have diffufed his life, his felf,
and his v.hole concernments fo far, that he can
weep his forrows with another's eyes ; when he
has another heart befiJes his own, both to /liare,
and t) fupport his grief. South.

5. Widely different ; much altered. 1

When the foul is beaten from its ftation, and
the mounds of virtue arc broken down, it Jje-
comes quite another thing from what it was be.
fore. South

Ano'thbroaines. art)'. [See Another -
GUESS.] Of another kind. This word
I have found only in Sidney.

If my father had not plaid the hafty fool, I
might have had anotbergaines hulbaod than Da.
metas. SiJtiCy:

A N o't h e r g u e is, adj. [This word, which
though rarely ufed in writing, is fome-
what frequent in colloquial language, I
conceive to be corrupted from another
giiife ; that is, of a different guij'e, or
manner, or form.] Of a different kind,
oh Hocus! where art thou ? It ufed to go' in
anoihirgmfi manner in thy time. - Ariulhnot.

M 2 A'nsateb

A N S

A'ksated. fl<^". [an/aius, Lii-I Having
handles ; or fomething in the form of
handles.

To A'NSWER. V. n. [The etymology is
uncertain; the Saxons had anbi7apian,
but in another fenfe ; the Dutch have
aHtificoriittt.'^

1. To fpcak in return to a queftion.

Are we fucccur'd ? are the Moors rejnovM?
Jlnfiver thefc queftions fitft, and then a thoufand

more.
ylntviT them altogether. _ Dr/dcn.

a. To fpeak in oppofition.

No man was able to a^ifieer bim a word.

Mt!tttirto,xx'n. 46.

K it be faid, we may difcover the elemcntarj-

Ingredients of things, I tnfwer, that it is not

reccflary that fuch a difcovery ftould be prafti-

cab!e. . S!>fk.

i. To be accountable for : withy«'

Thole many had not dared to do evil
If the firft man tliat did th' edi£k infringe
Hid ar/awV/cr his deed. Shahffeari.

Some men have finned in the principles of
Inunanityj and muft anjiurr for not being men.

Brown's Vsilgar Emuri.

If there be any abfutdity in this, our author
iruft anfivtr for it. Lotte.

4. To vindicate ; to give a juftificatory
account of: \y\t\i fcr^

The night, fo impudently fixed for my la/l,
nade little impreflion on myfelf ; but 1 cannot
tnharrfor my family. Swift.

5. To give an account.

How they have been iince received, and fo well
inrrproved, let thofe cnftvn- either to God or man,
who have been the attthort and promoters of fuch
wife council. 7imfle,

He wants a father to prolefl his .youth.
And rear him up to virtue. You muft bear
TItt future blame, and anfivcr 10 the world,
When yoo refufe the eafy honelV means
Of talcing care of him. Seutbtrti,

6. To corr«fpond to ; to fuit with.

As in water face anjiutrah to face, fo the heart
of man to man. i'rw. xxvii. 19.

7. To be equivalent to ; to {land for
f«naething elfe.

A feaft is made for laughter, and wine maketh
Bury '■ but money anjvieriib all things.

Ecd. X. 19.

8. To fatisfy any claim or petidon of
right or juftice.

Zelmane with rageful eyes bade bim defend
hinUelf ; for no lefs than bis life would anfiver
It. SidtKy.

Revenge the jeering and difdain'd contempt
Of this proud king, who lludies day and night
To onjiviT all the debt he owes unto you,
Ev'n with the bloody payments of your deaths.
*' ^haktjpcgrc,

let his neck trj-aier for it, if there is any mar-
tial iaw in the world. Sbatrffeare.

Men no fooner find their appetites uvanjivercdy
than they complain the times arc injurious.

iak'tgk.

That yearly rent is ftill paid, even as the former
cafualty itfelf was wont to be, in parcel meal ^aid
in and anfwertd. Bacon.

5. To aft reciprocally.. .

Say, do'K thou yet the Roman harp command ?
Po the ftrings anfnver to thy noble hand ? Dryd.

10. To ftand as oppofite or correlative to
fomething elfe.

There can but two things create love, p;rfec-
tion and ufcfulnefs ; to which anftoerr on our
part, t. Admiration ; and, 2. Dcfire : and both

taylor.

thcfe are centered in love

II. To bear proportion to.

Weapons muft needs be dangerous things, if
they aitjwertd the bulk of fo prodigious a pcrfun.

Svifi.

A N S

12. To perform what is endeavoured or
intended by the agent. .

Our part is, to choofe out the moft deferring
objcfts, and the moft likely to e,.fivtr the ends
of our charity; and when this is done, all 15
done that lies in our power J the reft muft be lett
to providence. ^ Atterbury.

13. To comply with.
He dies that touches of this fruit,

Till I and my aflFairs are axfivertd. Sbaiejftare,

14. To fucceed; to produce the wimed
event.

Jafon followed her counfel, whereto when the 5
eveiitbad anhvertdyhc again demanded the fleece.

Raltigb.

In operations upon bodies for their verfion or al-
teration, the tiial in great quantities doth not
anftvcr the trial in fmall : and fo deceiveth many.

' Bacon.

15. To appear to any call, or authoritative
fummons ; in which fenfe, though figu-
ratively, the following paflagc may be,
perhaps, taken.

Thou wert better in thy grave, than to tnfwer,
with thy uncovered body, this extremity of the
(kies. . SlaUffcare.

16. To be over-agalnft any thing.

Fire anfiven fire, and, by their paly beams.
Each battle fees the other's umbcrd face. Sbah
A'nswer. fi.f. [from To anj'hver.]
I. That which is faid, whether in fpeech
or writing, in return to a queftion, or
pofition.

It was a right anfwer of the phyfician to his
patient, that had fore eyes: If you have more
plcafure in wine, than in your fight, wine is good.

Locke.

How can we think of appearing at that tribu-
nal, without being able to give a ready anf-wn-
to the queftions which he (hall then put to us,
about the poor and the afflifted, the hungry and
the naked, the fick and imprifoned ? jitterhury.

z. An account to be given to the demand
of juftice.

He'll call you to fo hot an anjtver for it.
That you (hall chide your trefpafs. Shakifftare.

In law, a confuution of a charge ex-
hibited againft a perfon.

A perfonal anfvier ought to have three quali-
ties ; it ought to be pertinent to the matter in
hand ; it ought to be abfolute and unconditional ;
it ought to be clear and certain. jlyllff.

A'nswer-jobber. n.f. [from «»/^*r and
jobber.'] He that maJces a trade of writ-
ing anfwers.

What difgufts me from having any thing to do
with anfiuer-johbtri, is, that they have no con-
fcicncc. StB'ft.

A'nswerable. aJj. [from an/nuer.]
I . That to which a reply may be made ;
that which may be anfwered ; as, the
argument, though fubtle, is yet anf^er-
ahk.
z. Obliged to give an account; obliged
to anfwer any demand of juftice j or
ftand the trial of an accufation..

Every chief of every kindred or family fliould
be anfwerablf, and bound to bring forth every cnc
of tliat kindred, at all times, to be juftificd, when
be fhould be required, or charged with any treafon
or felony. Spenfer^i Stale of Ireland.

Will any man argue, that if a phyfician ftiould
manifeftly prcfcribc poifon to all his patients, he
cannot be juftly pimilUcd, but is anJvKrabU only
to God f S'jiifi.

He cannot think ambition more juftly laid to
their charge, than to other men, bccaufe that
would be to m.ike church government fl^wfr<i/i/f
for the errors of human nature, Swif'.

3. Correfpondcnt,

3-

ANT

It was but fuch a likenefs as an imperfea glaft
doth give, anf-werahle enough in fome features and
colours, but erring in others. Sidney.

The daughters of Atlas were ladies who, ac-
companying fuch as came to be regiftcrcd among
the worthies, brought forth children anjiviral'le ia
quality to thofe that begot them.' Raleigbt

, Proportionate ; fuitable.

Only add
Deeds to thy knowledge anfieeraile ; add faith.
Add virtue, patience, temperance ; add love
By name to come cail'd charity, the foul
Of all the reft. Milicn,.

. Suitable ; fuited.

The following, by certain eftates of men, an-
jiuerahh to that which a great perfon himfelf
profclTcth, as of foldiers to him that hath been
employed in the wars, hatli been a thing well
taken even in monarchies. Bactmm

If anfiuerahle ftyle I can obtain.
Of my celeftial patronefs. Afiltatr

S. Equal ; equivalent.

There be no kings whofe means are anftverahle
unto other men's dcfires. Ra/eigb»-

7. Relative ; correlative.

That, to every petition for things needful,
there fliould be forac anftoerabU fentence of-
thanks provided particularly to follow, is not tt-
quifite. Bockeri.

A'nsweraBLY. aif-a, [from anjkuerabk.l
In due proportion ; with proper cor-
refpondence ; fuitably.

The broader feas are, if they be entire, and
free from iilands, they are anftoerab/y deeper.

Brerewood *« Languagew-

It bears light forts, into the atmofphere, to a

greater or lefler height, anpwerab/y to the greater

or lelfer intenfcncfs of the heat. ffoedward.

A'nswerableness. >!./. [from an/wer-
able."] The quality of being anfwer-
able. DOT.

A'nswerer. n.f. [hom anfwer.']

1 . He that anfwers ; he that fpeaks in re-
turn to what another has fpoken.

I know your mind, and I will fatisfy it; neither
will I. do it like a niggardly anfiverer, going no
further than the bounds of the queftion . Sidney.

2. He that manages the controverfy a-
gainft one that has written firft.

It is very unfair in any writer to employ igno-
rance and malice together ; becaufe it gives his
arfiverer double work. Stvift.

Ant. n. / [aensem. Sax. which Junius
imagines, not without probability, to
have been firft contracted to aemt, and
then foftened to ant.] An emmet; a
pifmire. A fmall infeft that lives in
great numbers together in hillocks.

We'il fet thee to fchool to an ant, to teach thee
there's no lab'ring in the winter. Staiejfearu

Methinks, all cities now but ant-hills are.
Where when the feveral labourers I fee
For children, houfe, provifion, taking pain,
They're all but antt carrying eggs, flraw, and

gran

Donne.

Learn each fmall people's genius, policies ;
The anti republick, and the realm of bees. Pope.

Ant-bear. ». / [from ant and bear.l
An animal that feeds on ants.

Divers quadrupeds feed upon infcfts ; and fome
live wholly upon them ; as two forts of tamanduas
upon ants, which therefore are called in Englifti
ant-beari. Ray,

Ant-hi LL, or HILLOCK. ».y; [(rotti ant
and bill.] The fmall protuberances of
earth in which ants make their nefts.

Put blue flowers into an ant-bill, they will be
ftained with red ; becaufe the ants drop upon them
their ftinging liquor, which hath the efteil of oil
of vitriol. Jfay»

Thofe who hive few am-HJMi, have eafily

perceived

ANT

ANT

ANT

pettccived thofe fmall beapi of com aliout their
nefts. MMJln.

An't. a contra£lion for and it, or rather
and if it ; as, ati't pleafe you ; that is,
and if it pleafe you.

Anta'cONIST. n. f. [a>Ti and iiyivi^a.]

1. One who contends with another ; an
opponent. It implies generally a pcr-
foaal and particular oppoiition.

Our arttagontiii in thele coatioveriies may have
met with istat not unlike to Icliacius. Ilooier.

Wljat was fet before him,
To heave, pull, draw, and break, he £lill perform'd,
Kone daring to appear antagorij}, MVton.

It is not fit that the hiftory of a perfon flioulJ
appear, till the prejudice both oi \\\i antagoniJluriA
adherents be foftened and fubdued. Addij<,n.

2. Contrary.

Tile fliort club conCfls of thofe who are under
five feet j ours is to be compofed of fuch as are
above fix. Thefe we took upon as the two extrenoes
tad arttagonijti of the fpeciesj confidering all thefe
as neuters, who fill up the middle fpace. Addifin.

3. In anatomy, the antagoniji is that mul-
cle which counteradls Tome other.

A relaxation of a mufcle muft produce a fpafm
in its antagmipy becaufe the cfjuilibrium is de-
ftroyed. " Artushnit.

7o Anta'gonize. f. n. [irom a»TJ and
a,yiit\?^ai.\ To coDtend againll another.

Dia.

Anta'lcick. adj. [from a.Ti,againft, and
QtKy^, pain.] That which foftens pain ;
anodyne.

AUTJN ACLASIS, n. / [Lat. from
ailxii*x>xi(Tii, from ul\aiax>^eiu, to drive
back.]

I . A figare in rhetorick, when the fame
word is repeated in a different, if not
in a contrary fignification ; as, /« tby
youth learn fame craft, that in eld age thou
tnayjl get thy living ivithout craft. Craft,
in the firft place, fignifies fciencc or oc-
cupation ; in the fecond, deceit or fub
tilty.

a. It is alfo a returning to the matter at
the end of a long parenthefjs ; as. Shall
that heart (nuhich does not only feel them,
hut hath all motion of his life placed in
them), fliall that heart, I fay, &c.

Smith's Rhetorick.

Antaphrodi'tick. adj. [from itz),
againft, and 'a^^o^itt, Venus.] That
which is efficacious againft the venereal
difeafe.

Antapople'cticic. a<»y. [atr), againft,
and airowX^^ic, an apoplexy.] Good
againft an apoplexy.

Anta'rctick. adj. [atr), againft, and
ifxl^, the bear or northern conftella-
tion.] The fouthern pole, fo called, as
cppofite to the northern.

Downward as far as antarFixi. Mi/lor.

They that had fail'd from near th' antardick pole.
Their treafure fafe, and all their vcdels whole,
In fight of their dear country ruin'd be.
Without the guilt of either rock or fea. Wallir.
Antarthri'tick. adj. [i,T<, againft,
and etfSfiTi;, the gout. Good againft
the gout.]
Aktasthma'tick. eidj. F from am and

«urSft«.] Good againft the afthraa.
ANTE. A Latin particle fignifying be-
fore, which is frequently ufed in com-
pof:tions ; a», antediluvian, before the

6

flood ; antechamber, a chamber leading

into another apartment.
A'nteact. n.f. [irom. ante ZX16. ail. 1 A

former ad.
Anteambula'tion. h. f. [from ante

and ambulatio, Lat.] A walking before.

Dia.
To ANTECE'DE. •v. ». [from ante, be-
fore, and cedo, to go.] To precede ;

to go before.
It fecms confonant to reafon, that the fabrick of

the world did not long aniecede its motion. Hale.

Antece'dence. a. f. [from antecede.]
The aft or ftate of going before ; pre-
cedence.

It is impoHiblc that mixed bodies can be eternal,

becaufe there is ncceflariiy a pre-cxiftence of the

fimple bodies, and an antrcedence of their conftitu-

tion preceding the exiftence of mixed bodies. Halt.

Antece'dent. adj. \_antecedens , Lat.]

1. Going before ; preceding. Antecedent
is ufcd, I think, only with regard to
time; precedent, with regard both to
time and place.

To aflcrt, that God looked upon Adam*s fall as
a f.n, and punii]sed it, when, without any antece-
dent fin of his, it was impofTible ^'^t him not to fall,
Items a thing that higiily reproaches elTentiat
equity and goodnefs. Smtth,

2. It has to before the thing which is fup-
pofed to follow.

No one is fo hardy as to fay, God is in his
debt; that he owed hini a nobler being: for exift-
ence muft be arietejent /j merit. CMtr,

Did the blood firft exift, antecedent fa the forma-
tion of the heart ? But that is to fet the effcft be-
fore the caufe. Bentley.

Antece'dent. n.f. [antecedens, Lat.]

1. That which goes before.

A duty of f) mighty an influence, that it is in-
deed the necefiary antecejmt, if not alfo the direft
caufe, of a finner's return to -God. Souti>.

2. In grammar, the noun to which the
relative is fubjoined ; as, the man who
comes hither.

Let him learn the right joining of fubftantivts
with adjeftives, the noun with the verb, and the
relative with the antecedmt. Afcbam

3. In logick, the firft propofition of an
enthymeme, or argument confifting only
of two propofitions.

Conditional or hypothetical propofitions are
thofe whofe parts are united by the conditional
particle if; as, (/"the fun be fixed, the earth muft
move : i/" there be no fire, there will be no fmoke.
The firft part of thife propofitions, or that wherein
the condition is contained, is called the antecedent,
the other is called the cmjejuenl. H^uttt't Ligici.
Antece'dentlv. ad'u. [from antece-
dent.] In the ftate of antecedence, or
going before ; previoufly.

Wc confider him antecedently to his creation,
while he yet by in the barren womb of nothing,
and only in the number of poflibilities. South.

ANTECESSOR, n.f [Latin.] One who
goes before, or leads another; the prin-
cipal. Dia.

Antecha'mher. h. f [from ante, be-
fore, and chamber; it is generally writ-
ten, improperly, antichamber.'] The
chamber that leads to the chief apart-
ment.

The emprefs has the anl'ubamieri paft.
And this way moves with a diforder'd hafte. Dryd.

His anikhanher, and room of audience, arc lit-
tle f:)uare chnml>erE wainfcolcd. Addi/m.

ANTECU'RSOR. n.f [Latin.] One who
runs before. Dia.

To A'ntedate. -v. a. [from ante, and

do, datum, Lat.]
I. To date earlier than the real time, fo

as to confer a fiftitious antiquity.

Now thou haft lov'd me one whole day,
To-morrow, when thou leav'ft, what wilt diou fay "i
Wilt thou then antedate fome new-made vow,
Or fay, that now
We are not juft thofe perfons, whjcli we were ?

Dcnne»

By reading, a man does, as it were, antedate his
life, and makes himfelf contemporary with the
ages paft. Collier,

z. To take fomething before the proper
time.

Our joys below it can improve,
And anitdate the blifs above. Pope,

Antedilu'vi AN. adj. [from ante, be-
fore, and dilu-vium, a deluge.]

1. Exifting before the deluge.

During the time of the deluge, all the ftonc and
marble of t.ht antediluvian earth were totally dif-
folved. Woodward.

2. Relating to things exifting before the
deluge.

j The text intends only the line of Seth, con-

' duceable unto the genealogy of our Saviour, and

the antediluvian chronology. Brotuna ^ulg. Err,

Antedilu'vian. n.f. One thaflived
before the flood*

We are fo far from repining at God, that he
hath not extended t.he period of cur lives to the
longevity of the anledilufiani, that we give hira
thanks for contracting the days of our trial.

Bentley.

A'nt ELOPE, n. f. [The etymology is
uncertain.] A goat with curled or
wreathed horns.
The anielife, and wolf both fierce and fell.

Spenfcr.

Antemeri'dian. adj. [from ante, be-
fore, and meridian, noon.] Before noon.

Anteme'tick. adj. [in), againft, and
'rif).lu, to vomit.] That which has the
power of calming the ftomach ; of pre-
venting or ftopping vomiting.

Ante.mu'ndane. adj. [ante, before, and
mitndus, the world.] That which was
before the creation of the world.

Antenu'mber. ». / [from ante and
number. "] The number that precedes
another.

Whatfoever virtue is in numbers, for conducing
to confent of notes, is rather to be afcribed to the
antenumhr, than to the entire number, as that the
found returneth after fix, or after twelve; fo that
tlie feventhor thirteenth is not the matter, but the
fixth or the twelfth. Bacon.

A'ntepast. n.f. [from ante, before, and
pajfum, to feed.] A foretafte ; fome-
thing taken before the proper time.

Were we to cxpeft our blifs only in the fatiating
our appetites, it might be reafonablc, by frequent
antcpafts, to excite our guft for that profufe perpe-
tual meal. Deiay of Piety,
A'n tepenult.b./ [antepenultima, Lat. ]
The laft fyllable but two, as the fyllable
te in antepenult : a term of grammar.
Antepile'ptick. adj. [a.Ti and is-i-
X«i]/i;.] A medicine againft convulfions.

That bezoar is antidotal, lapis judaicus diureti-
cal, iorsX atilefileftical, we will not deny.

lironuns Vulgar Errcurs.
To A'nteponb. "v. a. [antepono, Lat.]
To fet one thing before another ; to pre-
fer one thing to another. Dia,
Antepredi'cament. n.f. [anteprediea-
mentum, Lat.] Something to be known

in

ANT

in the ftudj' of logick, previoufly to the
doftrinc ol- the predicament.

Anterio'rity. n. /. [ from anter'tour . ]
Priority j the ilate of being before, either
in time or fuuation.

Ante'riour. adj. [antericr, Lat.] Go-
ing before, either with regard to time or
place.

If thAt b» the anteriuir or upper part wherein the
fenle> are pUccd, and that the po.1etiouran<l Iswer
jurt, which is opfofite thereuntn, there is no inle-
riour or former part in this animal ; for the fenfes
being placed at both extremes, n-.akc both ends an-
Urkiur, M'hi^h is impoflible. Urcwn's Vuh Err,

ANTES, n.f. [Latin.] Pillars of large
dimenfions that fupport the front of a
building.

Antesto^'m ACH. ».y." [fromfl«/f, before,
and Jlomach.'] A cavity which leads

■ into the llomach.

In birds there is no maftication or comminution
of the meat in the mouth ; but it is immediately
fwallowcd into a- kind of anitfionuKh, wiiich 1 have
obferved in pifcivonms birds. Ray.

Anthelmi'nthick. a^J. [airi, againft,
and i;\finSo4, a worm.] That whicii
kills worms.

/littbrlm'MhUs, or contrary to worms, are things
which are known by experience to kill tliem, as
oils, or honey taken upon an empty ftomach.

^rbuthmt.

A'nthem. «. y". [Si3i,//.Mf, a hymn fung
in alternate parts, and fliould therefore
be written anthymn.l A holy fong ; a
fong performed as part of divine fervice.

Go4 Mofes firft.then David did infpire,
To compofe antbeitti for his heavenly quire. Denb.
There is no pallion that is not finely exprcfled in
thofe parts of the infpired writings, which are pro-
per for divine fongs and ar.th^ms. yUd'itcn.
AnTHO'lOCY.S./ [a»9oAoyia,froma*S(j;,

a flower, and hi-^, to gather.]

1. A colleflion of flowers.

2. A colleftion of devotions in the Greek
church.

3. A colleftion of poems.
A'nthony's fire. n.f. Akindofery-

fipilas.

ANTHRAX, n. f. [a>&ja|, a burning
coal.] A fcab or blotch that i<i made by
a corrofive humour, which burns the
Ikin, and occafions fliarp pricking pains ;
a carbuncle. ^ir.cy,

Anthroho'logv. n.f. [from asSfwirot,
man, and y^iytc, to difcourfe.j The doc-
trine of anatomy ; the dodlrine of the
form and ftruilure .of the body of man.

AnTHROPOMo'rPHITE. n.f. \_ai^^ul;t-

/<o^^o{.] One who believes a human
form in the Deity.

Chriftians as well as Turks have had whnlo fefts
contending that the Deity was corporeal and <}i hu-
man fliape; though few profcfs themfelves antbro-
fix-.orfitiiisyytt we may find manyaraohgll the ig-
norant of that opinion. Lsckt.

Anthropo'pathy.w./ [a>SfU5rii;,man,
. and iraS-o!, paflion.] The fenflbility of

man; the paffions of man.
ANTHROPO'PHAGI. n. /. // has no

fingular. [a>Sfwffo;, man, and Ipayu, to
eat.] Man-eaters; cannibals; thofe
that live upon human flelh.

The cannibals that each other eat,
The aiubropopkagi, and men whofe heads
Do grow beneath their ihouldcrs. Sbahffi. OtiiUo.

ANT

Amthropophaci'njan. n.f. A ludi-
crous word, formed by Shakcffeare from
anthropophagi, for the fake of a formida-
ble found.

Go, knock, and call ; he'll fpeaklikean cnibn-
ftfha^'imM unto thif : knock, I fay. Shaktff.

Anthropo'phaoy. n. f. [ai9j»>?ro?, a
man. and ^ayw, to eat.] The quality
of eating human flelh, or man-eating.

tjp->n flinder foundations was mifed the ar.'bro-
/•^^iagy of Diomcdeshis horfes. Bntan'sVulg. Er.

Anthropo'sophy. n.f. [a.S{i.7ro;, man,
and cotpM, wifdom.-] The knowledge
of the nature of m.an.

-^ M T H Y p no't I en. adj. ffrom' a»T( .againft,
and tins, llecp.] That which has the
power of preventing fleep ; that which
is efficacious againft a lethargy.

Anthypochon DRl'ACK./r(jJ?.[frOm a.rt\,

againli. and i7rop(;6»J^;a:'o,-.] Good againft
hvpochondriack maladies.

AK'JHYPO'PHORA. n. f [i,9i.«-i^oea.]
A figure in rhetorick, which fignifics a
contrary ill:tion, or inference, and is
when an objeftion is refuted or difproved
by the oppofition of a contrary fentence.
Smith's Rhetorick .

An T H y s T e'r I c K . adj. [from a >t.', againft,
and Js-i^ixof.] Good againft hyftericks.

ANTI. [ajTi.] A particle much ufed in
compoikion with words derived from the
Greek, and fignifies contrary to ; as, an
timonarchicdl, oppofite to monarchy.

Antia'cid. adj. [from ajTi, and aaV/tt.t,
four.] Contrary to fournefs ; alkalis.

Oils arc aniiaciiis, fo far as tliey blunt acrimony
but as tjiey are hard of digeftion, they produce acri-
mony of another fort. jirhuthtini,

Antichache'ctick. adj. [from icvrl,
againft, and >;avj|K, a bad habit.]
Tilings adapted to the cure of a bad
conftitution.

Anticha'mber. n.f. This word is cor-
ruptly \yritren for antechamber ; whicli
fee.

Antjchri'stian .«<^'.[from ajri .againft,
&xi^ ^ir'ia.tui.'] Oppofite to chrirtianity.

Thatdefpifed, abjeft, oiiprelfed fort of men, the
minifters, whom the wcrld would make antkhrif-
tiat:, and fo deprive th.m of heaven. Smi'b,

Antichri'stianism. n.f. [from anti-

chrijlian.'\ Oppofition or contrariety to

chriftianity.
Have we not feen many, whofe opi.-itons have

fafteiicJ upon on': a;iot!icr the branJ of ar.ticbrij-

liamfm ? V/ary of PUty.

Antichristi a'n iTY. n.f. [iromanti-

chrifiian.'\ Contrariety to chriftianity.
Anti'chronism. n.f [cifr;, againft, and

Xf'^>o;, time.] Deviation from the right

order or account of time,
ro ANTl'CIPATE. 1;. a. [anticifo, Lat.]
I. I'otake fomething fooner than another,

fo as to prevent him that comes after;

to take firft polTeflion.

Cod liath taken care to anthipatc and prevent
every mm, to draw him early intphis church ; tc
give piety the prepofTeflion, »ai fo'to engage him
in holinef'. Hemmend.

If our Aponie had maintained fuch an aiilki-
fat'irg principle engravL'n upon our fouls isefore ail
excicife of reaf<n ; whatdid he talkof fecking the
L>rJ, ftei.ig that the krigwledge of him was innate
,inJ perpetual ? Benllef.

ANT

2. To take up before the time at which any
thing might be regularly had.

I find \ have ati.'icipated already, and taken up
from Coccacc, before 1 come to him ; but I am of
tlie temper of kings, who are for prefcnt money,
no matter how they pay it. Drydcn.

3. To foretafte, or take an impreffion of
fomething, which is not yet, as if it
really was.

The life of the dofperate equals the anxiety of
death, who but aft the life of the damned, and ati-
tkifatc the defolations of he!!. Bream's Vulg. Err,

Why fiiouid we
jittfkipate our forrows : 'tis like thofe
That die for fear of death. Dentam.

4. To prevent any thing by crowding in
before it ; to preclude.

Time, thru amkipal'J) my dread exploits :
The flighty purp.ofe never is o'ertook,
Unlcfs the deed ^o with it. Sbakeff.-arr.

I am tar from pretending to inflru£t the profcf-

fion, or arlkifarhg their diteAioni to.fucli as are

under their government. ylrbuiln'jt.

Anticipa'tion. n.f. [(rom anticipate.']

I . The aft of taking up fomething before

its time.

The golden number gives the new moon four
days too late, by reafon of the aforefaid auiuifaiim,
and our ncgleS of it. HMcr.

It is not enough to he mlferable when the time
comes, unlefs we make ourfelvCsfo befiirehand, and
by anikipathn. ' L'EJIrange.

■2. Eol-etafte.

If we really live und^r the hope of future happi-

nefs, we (hall tartc it: by vay of untkipaikmai
forethought; an image of it will meet our minds
often, and ftay there, as all pleafing expeftations'
do. Attrrhun.

3. Opinion implanted before the reafons
of that opinion can be known.

The c.-ift and weft, the north and louth, have the
fame antk'ipautir. concerning one fuprerae difpofer
of things. Siillmgjlect.

What nation is there, that, without any teach-
ing, have not a kind ofantkipaikttf or preconceived
notion of a Deity ? Drrbam.

A'ntick. adj. [probably from antiquus,
ancient, as things out of ufc appear
old.] Odd ; ridiculoufly wild ; buitoon
in gefticulation.

What! dares the (lave
Come hither cover'd with an entkkfarc.
And fleer and fcorn at our fuleinnity ?

Sbairffaire's Romto cud Juliet,

Of all our antki fights, and pageantry.

Which Englifh idiots run in crowds to fee. Dryd*

The prize was to be conferred upon thj whifticr,

that could go through h^s tunc without laughing,

though provoked by the omkk pcftures of a merry

Andrew, who was to play tricks. jldd'^on,

A'ntick. n.f. '> •

1. He that plavjS anticks ; he that ufps odd
gefticulation ; a buffoon.

Within the hollow crown,
That rounds the mortal temples of a king.
Keeps death his court ; and there the amkh (its,
Scjiiing his rtate. Sbakefpcare.

If you (liou'.d italic he grows impatient.-^
Fear not, my lord, we cm contain ourfelvcs.
Were he the veriett iintick in the world. Sbakik.

2 . Odd appearance.

A work of rich entail, and curious moid.
Woven with unikks, and wild imagery. Fdiij ^

For e'en at firft reflcflion (he cfpies
Such toys, fuch antkks, and fuch vanities.
As (he retires and (brinks for (hame and fear. Davtet.

To A'ntick. 11. a. [from cntick.] To
make antick.

Mine own tongue
Splits what it fpcaks j the wild difguifc hath almoin

Aiitickt \xi aW. ■ til'akijpcere,

A'nticklt.

ANT

A'ntickly, Wo". [from a/!tu-i.1 In an
antick manner ; with odd poftures ; wild
gefticulations, or fanciful appearance.

Scrambling, out-tacing, fafliion-inongring boys,
That lye, and cog, and flout, deprave, and (lander.
Go artickly, and Jhew an outward hideoufncl's,
And (peak, of half a dozen dangerous words.

Stakefptare.

ANTICU'MAX. n.f. [from a.ri and x^i-
;ia|.] A fentence in which the 1 aft part
expreffes fomething lower than the firft.

A ccrta'a figure, which was unknown to the
ancients, is called by fome an anudmax, AdSJrjn.
This dillich is frequently mentioned as an ex-
ample :

Next comes I>alhouirey, the great god of war.
Lieutenant col'nel to the earl of Mar.
Anticonvu'lsive. adj. [from krii, a-
gainft, and tonvulfive.'\ Good againft
convulfions.

Whatfocver produces an inflammatory difpo(i-
tion in tlie blood, produces the a(thma, as ajiikon-
vulfi've medicines. Ficyer.

jfNTICOR.^./. [from am, againft, and

cor, the heart.]

Apretiirnaturai (welling of a round fig\ire, occa-
fioned by a fanguine and bilious humour, and ap-
pearing in a horfe's brea(l, oppo(ite to his heart.
Ar. aniiar may kill a horfe, unlcfs it be brought
to a fuppuratlon by good remedies. Fjrrier's DISI.

AN'rico'uRTiER. n.f. [fromivTi, againft,
and courtier. '\ One that oppofes the court.

Anti'dotal. a^'. [hom antidote.'] That
which has the quality of an antidote, or
the power of counterafting poifon.

That bezoar is ar.tit^Mai, we (hall not deny. Brtnvr.
Animals that can innoxioufly digeft thefc poi-
fons, become aii:UAal to the poifon digertfd.

B>"'ivn's k'ui^ar Erniirs.

A'nTIDOTE. n. /. [arriJol©-, aniidotus,

Lat. a thing given in oppofition to

fomething elle.] ,

A medicine given to expel the mifcbiefs of ano-j

ther, as of poifon. S^u'wcy*

Trud oot the phyfician, i

His afitiduet are poifon, and he Da)! '

More ihao you rob. $biikrfpiarti

What fool would believe that aatitUti delivered

by Pierius againd the (ling of a fc^rpiin ? to fit

upon an afs, with uhe's face towaids his tail.

Brvwttl Vulgar F.rrturi.
Piif^n will work a^ainf^ the ftars : beware;
For ev'ry meal an amidott prepare. Vrrttenjuv^
Antid ysente'rick. adj. [from «>Ti,
againft, and dyfenteria, a bloody flux.]
Good againft the bloody flux.
Anti Ft^BRii-E. adj. [from a»T>, againft,
Anifebris, a fever.] Good againft fevers.
Aniiftbrilc medicines clieck the ebuiiition. TioyEr,
Anti Lo'r.ARiTHM.- n.f. [from a.n\,
againft, and logarithm.'^

The comj^Icmcnt of the logarithm of a (ioe, tan-
gent, or fccant; or the difference of that !oga.
rithm from the logarithm of ninety degrees.

Cicttiiers,

AnTi'logy. n.f. [ijTiXcyi*.] A contra-
didion between any words and parages
in an atithor. Difl.

Anti'loc^uist. «./. [from a»Ti, againft,
and loquor, to fpeak.] A contradiftor.

Dia.

Antimona'rch iCAL. adj. [from «»tI,
againft, and f/.ova^;^!*, government by
a fmgle perfon.] Againft government
by a Unglc perfon.

When ne fpicd th-: ilatue of King Charles io
tlie mid'Jlc of the cr .wd, and moft of the kings
ranged over their hc.ui ;, he concluded, that an j'l-
I'lmnarcbkal iiicrM-j coaid never choofe fuch a
flace. , . ' .. h^dijin.

ANT

Antimona'rchicalness. fi. /. [from
antimonarchical.'\ The quality of being
an enemy to regal power.

Antimo'nial. adj. [from antimony.'^
Made of antimony ; having the quali-
ties of antimony ; relating to anti-
mony.

They were got out of the reach of arjimomal
fumes. Grnv.

Though ant'imomal cups, prcpar'd with art,
Their force to wine through ages (hould impart.
This di(?ipation, this profuie cxpence.
Nor (brinks tiieir fue, nor waltes their ftores im-
menfe, BUckm^c.

-VNTIMONY. >!./. [The ftiblum of the
ancients, by the Greeks called r£^/i«.
The reafon of its modern denomination
is referred to Bafil Valentine, a Ger-
man monk ; who, as the tradition relates,
having thrown fome of it to the hogs,
obfervcd th.it, after it had purged them
heartily, they immediately fattened ;
and therefore he imagined his fellow
monks would be the better for a like
dofe. The experiment, however, fuc-
ceeded fo ill, that they all died of it ;
and the medicine was thenceforward
called antimoinc, antimonk.'\

Arjtirmmy is a mineral fubdance, of a metalline
nature, having all the feerai.ig characters of a real
metal, except malleability j and may be called a
femimetal, being a folTile glebe of fome undeter-
mined metal, combined with a fulphurous and ilony
fubitancc. Mines of all metais afford it; that in
gold mines is reckoned belt. It has alfo its own
mines in Hungary, Germany, and Fiance. Its
texture is full of little (hining veins or threads,
like needles; brittle as glafs. Sometimes Veins
of a rtd or golden colour are intermixed^ which
is called maU antimony \ that without them being
dcnominatjdyoBa/u/rTnmwjr... Jt fufes in the lire,
though with fome difficulty ; and diirotves more
cilily in water. It deflr>^ys aod difiipates all me-
tals fufed with i(, Except gold j and is therefore

■ u(eful in reiining. It is a common ingredient in
fpeculums, or burning concaves; lerving to. give
them a finer poliib. It makes a part in bell me-
tal ; and renders the found more clear. It is
mingled with tin, to make it more hard, white,
and (bund; and with lead, in the cafting of printers
letters, to render llicm more fmooth and firm. It
is a general help in the melting of metals, and
efpecialty in caftir.g of cannon-balls. In ph.Tr-
matry it is n'.ed under various forms, and with va-
rious intentions, chicrly a?an cmetick, Chamleri.

Antinephri'tick. adj. [from a,Ti and
rip^iTiito;.] Medicines good againft'dif-
eales of the reins and kidneys.

A'ntinomy. n.f. {from a.i~\ and re,(i'-!.]
A contradidlion between two laws, or
t«'o Articles of the fame law. |

Aiitmr^mhs are almufl unavoidable in fuch val
riety of cpinions and anfv.ers. Baker.

Antiparaly'ticc. ar^'. [from «m ana
■aa^ut.-jc-ii.l Efficacious againft the palfyt

Antipathe'tical. adj. [from antijiu-
tiy.] Having a natural contrariety to
any thing.

Tl^ (bU is fat and luxurious, and atttipathttUal
to all venomous creatures. IJoivJ^ Vtcal T'.rtji.

Antipathe'tic Ai.TiESS. n.f. [frr)vn.an-
tipcuhclical.\ The quality or ftatc of
having a natural contrariety to any
thing. DHL

ANITPATHY. n.f. [from u,i\, againft,
and croSoc, feeling ; antipathie, Fr.]

I. A natural contrariety to any thing, fo
as to ftiun it involuntarily ; averiion j
diflikc, it is oppoled tof^mfatiy.} ^

ANT

No centraries hold more antipathy,
Thjn I and fuch a knave. Shahfpean»

To this perhaps might be juftly attributed moil
of the fympathies and aniifatbia obfervable in
men. Locke.

2. It has fometimes the particle againji
before the objeft of antipathy.

I had a mortal antipathy againji (landing armies
in times of peace ; becaufe I took armies to be
hired by the mader of the family, to keep his
children in (lavery. Swifts

3. Sometimes /».

A(k you, what provocation I Tiave had ?
The llrong antipathy of good to bad.
When truth, or virtue, an affront endures,
Th' aflVont is mine, my friend, and Ihould be
yours. FopCm-

4. Formerly ivith ; but improperly.

Tangible bodies have an antipathy *ivitb air 5
and any liquid body, that is more denfe, they will
draw, condenfi, and, in eftedl, incorporate. Bacon*

ANTIPERI'STASIS. n.f [from uniir^^i-
rac^K, formed of un) and Trs^ira^fi, to
ftand round.] The oppofition of a con-
trary quality, by which the quality it
oppofes becomes heightened or intend-
ed ; or the aflion by which a body,
attacked by another, coUeCls itfe^Jf, and
becomes ftronger by fuch oppoiltion ;
or an intention of the aftivity of one
quality caufed by the oppofition of ano-
ther. Thus quicklime is fet on fire by
the afpufion of cold water ; fo water be-
comes warmer in winter than in fum-
mer ; and thunder and lightning are ex-
cited in the middle region of the air,
which is continually cold, and ail by
antiperiflafo. This is an exploded prin-
ciple in the Peripatetick philofophy.

. Tii^ aniipcrijiafts uf age

More InflaifiM his nm'rout rage. CmvLj.

•The riotous prodigal dctells covetoufnels ; yet
lot Uim find the fprings grow dry which feed hia.
luxury, covetoufnefs iTiail be called in : and fo,.
by a Stinge aniiptrijlajii, prodigality (hall beget ra-
pine. ' ' Decay 0/ Piety.

Antjpestile'nti AL. adj. [from ivr],.
againft, and ^i?/?/7t«//a/.] Efficacious a-
gainft the infeftion of the plague.

Perfumes corredl the air before it is attracted by
the lungs ; or, rather, ar.tipeJIiltRtial ung'u-nfs, to
anoint the noilrils with. Harvey on the Blague.

ANTTPHRASIS. n.f [from iv-rJ, againft,
and (pficri;, a form of fpecch.] The ufe
of words in a fenfe oppofite to their pro-
per meaning.

■ You now find no caufe to repent, that you
never dipt your hands irf the bloody hijli courts of
judlce, fo called only by antiphra/is. South.

As Ti' POD Ah. adj. [from antipodes.] Re-
lating to the countries inhabited bv the
antipodes.

The Americans arc antipodal unto the Indians.

Brotvn.

JNTI'PODES. n.f. It has no fingtilar.
[from an), againft, and tsihi, feet.]'
Thofe people who, living on the other
fide of the globe, have their feet di-
redlly oppofue to ours.

. \Vc (liould hold day with the anlipcda.
If you would walk in abfence of the fun.

• Sbahfpen-e, ■
So (IVincs the fun, tho' hence remov'd, as clear
When hli beam' warm th' antipodes, as here.

Aw'tipope. n.f [from itrl, againft, and
pope.] He that ufurps the popedom, in>
oppoiltion to the right pope.

Tliit-

ANT

ANT

ANT

This houfe is famous in hlftory, for \ht tt-
treat of an amijuft, who called bimlclf FcU» V.

JNriPTO'SIS. n.f. [i.Tis-TKins.] A figure
in grammar, by which one cafe is put

for another.
A'NTiquARY. n.f. [antlquaritis, Lat.]
A man ftudious of antiquity ; a collector
of ancient things.

All arts, raiitit-s, and inventions, are but the-
telit^s of an intclleft defaced with fin. We ad-
mire it now, only as aniijimmt do a piece of
old coin, for the Itsmp it once bore. South*

With marpcn'd fight pale antiquaries pore,
Th' inKription valde, but the ruft adore. Pcfe.

The rude Latin of the monies is ftiU -very in-
telligible ; bad their records been delivered in the
vulgar tongue, they coqIJ not now be underdood,
unlefs by anti^ttariit, Stvift*

A'ntic^uaiiv. ai/j. [This word is im-
proper.] Old ; antique.

Here's Ntftor,
Inftruficd by the fittiijutiry times ;
He mufl, he is, he cannot but be wife. Shaltcfp*
7« A'nTIQU ATE. -v. a. [antijuo, Lat.]
To put out of ufc ; to make obfolete.

The growth of Chriftianity in this kingdom
might reafonably introduce new laws, and an-
tij-Mte or abrogate fome old ones, that feemed lefs
CCFnfiilcnt with the Chriftian dcflrines.

Halir^s Common Laio ttj Kngland.
Milton's Paradife Loft is admirable. But can-
sot I admire the height of Wi invention, and the
llrcngth of his expreflidn, without defending his
ami^uaieJ words, and the perpetual harihnefs of
their found ? DryJcn.

Almighty Latium, with her cities crown'd.
Shall like an antiquated fable found. AdHifatt.

A'NTi<iyATEDNESS. n.f. [ftOTCiantiquat-
ed.'\ The ftate of being atuiquated, worn
out of ufe, or obfolete^

ANTrQUE. aJJ. [_antique, Fr. antijuus,
Lat. It was formerly pronounced ac-
cording to the Englifli analogy, with
the accent on the firft fyllabiej but now
after the French, with the accent on the
laft, at leaft in profe 4 the poets ufe it
varioufly.]

k. Ancient i old; not modern.

Now, good Ccfario, but that piece of fonp.
That old and antique fong we heard laft night.

Shakefpeare.

Such truth in love as th' antique world did know.
In fuch a ftyle as coOrts might boaft of now. H^aller.

3. Of genuine antiquity.

The feals which we have remaining of Julius
Czfar, which we know to be antique, have the ftar

.t>{ Venus over them. Dryden.

My copper lamps, at any rale,
3For being true antique I bought ;

Yet wifdy melted down my plate,
Cn modern models to be wroughtj
And trifles J alike purfue,
Bccaufe they're old, becaufe they're n«#. prler.

3. Of old fashion.

Forth came that ancient lord and aged (jaeen,
Array'd in antique robes dow i to the ground,
And fad habilimentsrighl well befcen. tViry S^ecn.

Muft he no more divert the t'd.ous day ?
JJor fparkling thoughts in antique words convey ?
imiri to tbe Mivory ofyhilif:.

4. Odd ; wild ; antick.

Name not thclc living death-heads unto me;
For thcfe not ancient but antique be. _V6nne-

And fooner may a gulling weather-fpy.
By drawing forth hcav'n's fchemc, tell certainly
What fa/hion'd ha.s, or ruffs, or fuits, next year
Our giddy-headed antique you. h will wear. Dinne.

Anti'que. «./ [tiom onti jut, ai/J.] An
antiqaity ; a remain. of ancient times ;
an ancient rarity.
I .eav< to £dward, now carl of Oxford, my fcai

of JuIUis Crfar; as alfo another fea', fuppofc4 tc '
be a you:ig Herculca ) botlt very choice anlijues,
and let in gold. Stoift.

A N T I'qu E N E 83 . »./. [ from antique. ] Tbe
quality of being antique ; an appear-
ance of antiquity.

We may difcover i'omething venerable In the an-
tiquer.cjt of tbe work j bet .we would fee the defign
enLrgL-d. , Addijcn.

AnTi'ouiTy, n.f. [aittiquitas, Lat.]
I. Old time« ; time pafl long ago.

I rteition Ariftotle, PoSbius, and Cicero, the
greateft philofopher, the moft impartial hiftcrian,
and the moli confummate ftutefnian, of all anti-
quity. Addijtn.
2.. The people of old times ; the ancients.

That fuch pillars were railed by SeCh, all anti-
quity has avowed. Raleigk.

3. The works or remains of old times.

As for the ohfer\'ation of Machiavel, traducing
Gregory the Crest, that he did what in him lay
to extingiiiOi all heathen amiquitiei : I da not find
that thofe eeals laft long; as it appeared in the
fuccefiian of Sabinian, who did revive the former
antiquities. Bacon.

4. Old age : a ludicrous fenfe.

It not your Voice broken ? your wind fliort ?
your chin double ? your wit fingle ? and every part
about you blafted with antiquity ? and will you yet
call yourfelf young ? Sba):<:ffeare.

5. Ancientnefs ; as, this ring is valuable
for its antiquity.

JNTI'SCII. n.j\ It has nojingular. [from
lifTi and a-xia.] In geography, the people
who inhabit on different lides of the
equator, who confequently at noon have
their (hadows projeiSted oppofite ways.
Thus the people of the north are An-
tifcii to thofe of the fouth ; the one pro-
jecting their fliadows at noon toward
the north pole, and the other toward the
fouth pole. Chambers.

Antiscorbu'tical. adj. [from an),
againfl, axtA/corbutum, the fcurvy.] Geod
againil the fcurvy.

rhe warm antifcorbuiical plants, in quantities,
will occafion ftiuking breath, and corrupt the blood.

Arbutbnot.

Antiscorbu'tick. adj. [from avri,
againft, and fcorbutum, the fcurvy.]
Good againft the fcurvy.

The warm atiijccrbulich, animal diet, and ani-
mal falts, are proper. Arbutbnot.

ANTl'SPASIS. n.f, [from i.n\, againft,
and trvaij, to draw. ] The revulfion of
any humour into another part.

Antisp asmo'dick. aJj. [from in-i,
againft, and <r«-a<7ft«c, the cramp.] That
which has the power of relieving the
cramp.

Antisp a'stick. atlj. [from avr) and
inrar'xof.] Medicines which caufe a re-
vulfion of the humours.

Antisplene'tick. adj. [from <«»t» and
Jphnetick.^ Efficacious in difeafes of Oie
fplecn.
Aniijflenetielio^m the obftruftions of the fplecn.

Pleytr.

ANTrSTROPHE. n.f. [i^^r^'^tfy,, from
«>Ti, the contrary way, and rfe?«. tXirn-
ir>g«] ]n an ode fuppofed to be furVg in
parts, the Tecond ftanza of every three,
or fometimes every fecond ftan/.a ; fo
called becaufe the dance turns about.

Antistrum a'tick. adj. [from am, and
firuma, a fcrophulous fweiling.] Good
againft the king's evil. s

I prefcrlbed him a diftiUeJ milk, whh anr'iflru-
matieks, and purged him. If^Jrman.

ANTTTHESiS. n. f. in the plural an.

iithc/es. \a.ir.^i~if, placing in oppofition.]
Oppofition of words or fentimeuts; con-
traft ; as in thcfe lines :

Though gentle, jet not dull ;
Strong witliout rage; without O'crflowing, full.

Denbam.
I fee a chief, who leads my chofcn Tons,
All arm'd with points, etr.t'ulefet, and pons. Pope.

A'nt 1 t y TZ.n.f. [arTiVfir®-.] That which
is refembled or Ihadowed out by the
type; that of which the type is the re-
ptefentation. It is a term of theology.
See Type.

When once upon the wing, he foars to an higher
pitch, from the type to the antitype, to the days of
the Mcfliah, die afcenfion of our Saviour, and, at
length, to his kingdom and dominion over all the
earth. Jiurnei't Thnry,

He brought forth bread and wine, and was the
prieft of the moR high God j imitating the an-
titype, or the fuhftance, Chrift himfelf. Taylor,

Aktity'pical. adj. [fromi a/itityfe.]
That which relates to an antitype ; that

which explains the type.
An t I VE N e'r E A L . adj. [from airt and -ve-
lureal.'l Good againft the venereal dif-
eafe.

If the lues be joined with it, you will fcatte cure
your patient without exhibiting emtk/entrra! reme-
dies. Jfifeman.

A'ntler. n.f. [^andouillier, Fr.] Properly
the firft branches of a flag's horns ; but,
popularly and generally, any of hi«
branches.

Grown old, they grow lefs branched, and firft
lofe their btow antlers, or toweft furcations next to
tlie head. Brown,

A weIl-gro'.vn ftag, vhofe antlers rife
High o'er hie front, his beams invade the Ikies.

Dryden,
Bright Diana
Brought hunted wild goats heads, and branching

antlers
Of ftags, the fruit and honour of her toil. Prior,
ANTO'ECl.n.f Itbasnoftngular. [Lat-
from aiit, and oix/w, to inhabit.] In geo-
graphy, thofe inhabitants of the earth
who live under the fame meridian, and
at the fame diftance from the equator i
the one toward the north, and the other
to the fouth. Hence they have the fame-
longitude, and their latitude is alfo the
fame, but of a different denomination.
They are in the fame femicircle of the
meridian, but oppofite parallels. They
have precifely the fame hours of the
day and night, but oppofite feafons ;
and the night of the one is always equal
to the day of the other. Chambers.

ANTONOMASIA. n.f [from in), and
ovo/xa, a nan\s.] A form of fpeech, in
which, for a proper name, is put the
name of fome dignity, ofiice, profeffion.
fciencc, or trade ; or whan a proper
name is put in the room of an appella-
tive. I'hus a king is 'called hit ma-
jefty ; a nobleman, his lord/hip. We
fay the philofopher inftead of Ariftotle,
and the orator for Cicero : thus a man
is called by the name of his country, a
German, an Italian ; and a grave man
is called a Cato, and a wife man a So-
lomon. Smith's Rhttcrici.

A'wTRK

ANY

Am'trb. n.f. [antre, Fr. ««//««, Lat.] A
cavern ; a cave ; a den : not in ufe.

With all my travels hifiory :
Wherein of antra v«ft, and defarts wild,
It was my hcnt to fpeak. Shakeffean,

A'jivii,. r../. [aenplk. Sax,]
I. The iron block on which the Tmith lays
his metal to be forged.

I faw a (mith ftand wth his hammer, thus,
The whilft his iron did on his arWcool. Sbaktff.

On tlieir eternal airvih here he found
The brethren beating, and the blows go round.

Dryden,

«■. Any thing on which blows are laid.

Here I clip
Tile ari-v-U of my fword, and do conted
Horiy and nobly. Shahffearc,

%. Figuratively ; to be upon the airvil, is
to be in a ftate of formation or prepara-
tion.

Several members of our houfe knowing what
»as upon the OTevil, went to the clergy, and dcfired
their judgment. Sioift.

Anxi'ety. luf. [anxietas, Lat.]
I. Trouble of mind about fome future
event ; fufpenfe with unealinefs ; per-
plexity ; folicitude.

To be happy, is not only to be firttd firom the
pains anj diliafcs of the body, but ftom. enx'irty
and vexation of fpirit ; not only to enjoy the plca-
fures of fcnfe, but peace of confcience, and tran-
quiUk)' of mind. 1'Uloifor:.

J. In the medical language, lownefs of
fpirits, with uneafinefs of the ftomach.

In aiuiUtia which attend fevers, wlicn the cold
fit is over, a warmer regimen may be allowed j and
bccaufe avxUtin often happen by fpafms from wind,
fpiccs are ufeful. Arburbnd,

A'NXIOUS. adj. [anxiui, Lat.]

J. Difturbed about fome uncertain event ;

folicitous ; being in painful fufpenfe ;

painfoliy uncertain.

His penfive cheek upon his hand recVn'd,
And aaxioui thoughts revolving in his mind. Dryd.

With beating hearts the dire event they wait,
jSnxktts, and trembling for the birth of fate. P'j^e,

Z- Careful; full of inquietude ; unquiet.
In youth alone unhappy mortals live }
But, ah ! the mighty blifs it fugitive;
Difcolour'd lickoefs, anxioui labour come.
And age, and death's ineiorablc doom. Drydeit.

3. Careful, as of a thing of great import-
ance.

No writings we need to be folicitous about the
meining of, but thofe that contain truths we are
to believe, or laws we are to obey ; we may be
lefs enxious aUut the fenfe of other authors. Locke.

4. It has generally/ir or about before the
objeft, butfomctiraes of; lefs properly.

Anxiom ',fnce,\c6, fufpefling change. CrumvUU.

A'sxiowsLY. adV. \^bom anxious .] In an
anxious manner ; folicitoufly ; unqoiet-
ly ; carefully ; with painful uncertainty.

But where the lofs is temporal, every probability
of it needs not put us fo anxioujly to prevent it,
/ince it might be repaired again. Sculb.

Thou what befits the new lord mayor,
And what the Gallicic arms will do, *
Art anxkujly inquifitive to know. Dr^den.

-A'kxiousniss. n./. [from anxious.] The
quality of being anxious ; fufcepubility
of anxiety.

A'ny. adj. [amj, eni3. Sax.]

I. Every; whoever he be; whatever it
be. It is, in all its fenfes, applied in-
differently to perfons t things.

1 know you are now. Sir, a gentli:miB born

Ay, and have been fo any time chcfe four hours.

StaU^re.

YoL.L

A P A

YcB contented yourfelf with being capable, as
much as any whofoever, of defending your country
with your fword. Drydtn.

How fit is this retreat for uninterrupted ftudy !
Any one that fees it will own, I could not have
chofen a more likely place to converfc with the
dead in. Pope.

z. Whofoever ; whatfoever ; as dillin-
guiihed from fome other.

What warmth is there in your affcftion towards
any of thefe princely fuitors that are already come ?

Sbakcjf^are.
An inverted motion being begun dry where be-
low, continues itfelf ail the whole length. Luke.
3 . It is ufed in oppofition to none.

I wound and I heal : neither is there any that
can deliver out of my hand. Dsut.xxxn. 39.

A'oRisT.n./ [io'jiro;.] Indefinite; a term

in the Greek grammar.
AO'RTA.n.f. [iojlr.] The great artery

which rifes immediately out of the left

ventricle of the heart. ^incy.

Ap a'ce. adv. [from a and pact ; that is,

with a great pace.]

1. Quick; fpeedily : ufed of things in
motion.

Or when the flying libbard fije did chace,
She could then nimbly move, and after fly »fact.

Sferfer,
Ay, quoth my uncle Glo'fter,
Small herbs have grace, great weeds do grow fl/)a«.
And fince, methinks, I would not grow fo faff,
Beciufc fweet fiow'rs are flow, and weeds make
hafte. Shakeffean.

He promis'd in his eaft a glorious race;
Now funk from his meridian, fets apace. Dryd.
Is r>ot he imprudent, who, feeing the tide
making hafte towards him apace, will fleep till
the li-a overwhelm him ? Tiltotfon.

2. With hafte ; applied to fame adlion.

The baron now his diamonds pours apace \
Th'embroider'd king, who Ihows buthalf his face.
And his refulgent qutrer. Pope's Rafie "f the Lock.

3. Haftily ; with fpeed : fpoken of any
kind of progreffion from one ftate to an-
other.

This fccond courfc of men.
With fome regard to what is juft and right.
Shall lead their lives, and multiply i2/><i». Mi! en.
The life and power of religion decays apace htre
and at home, while we arc fpreading the honour of
our arms far and wide through foreign nations.

Aritrtury.

If fenliblc pleafure, or real grandeur, be our
end, we /hall proceed apace to real mil'cry. l-f^atts,

Apago'gical. adj. [from aTrayayti, com-
pounded of avrJ, from, andaya), to bring
or draw.] An rt/i«g-(!_§^/W demonftration
is fiich as does not prove the thing di-
reaiy ; but (hews the impoflibility, or
abfurdity, which arifes from denying it ;
and is alfo called reduaio ad impojfihiie,
or ad abfurdum. Chambers.

Apa'rt. adv. [apart, Fr.]

1. Separately from the reft in place.

Since I enter into that queftion, it behoveth me
to give reafon for my opinion, with circumfpec-
tion ; becaufe I walk alide, and in a way apart
from the multitude. Rakifh.

The party difcerncd, that the earl of ElYtx
would never fcrve their turn j they refolvoj to have
another army apart, that fliould be at their devo-
tion. Clarendon.

2. In a ftate of diftinftion ; as, to fet apart
for any ufe.

He ii> fo very figurative, that he requires a gram-
mar apart, to conftriie him. Drycien.

The tyrant (hall demand yon facred load,
And gold and vcfick ki apart far Cod. Prior.

APE

3..Diftinaiy.

Mofes firft nameth heaven and earth, fufir.f;
waters but in the third place, as compreh'^:^'! i.-.
waters in the word earth ; but afterwr.,
nameth them apart, K .1 "

4. At a diftance ; retired from die oihcr
company.

So plcafc you, madam.
To put apart thele your attendants. libakefp*

Apa'rtment. «.y; [aparletnent, Fr.] A
part of the houfe allotted 10 the ufe of
any particular perfon ; a room ; a feJ
of rooms.

A private gallery 'twixt th' apa/ttiirnts led.
Not to the fie yet known. Sir y, Dtnhnm.

He pale as death, dcfpoird of his ariay,
Inro the queen's apartment takes his way. Dryd.

The mod confiderablc ruin is tiiac cti the eaftern
promontory, where are ftill fome apartments left
very higli and arched at top. Addijor.

A'pathy. n.f. [a, not, and TOaSo;, feel-
ing.] The quality of not feeling ; ex-
emption from paffion ; freedom from
mental perturbation.

Of good and evil much they argued then,
PalTion, and apathy, and glory, and Ihame.

Milton.

To remain infenfible of fuch provocations, is

not conftancy, but apathy. South.

In \iiy apathy let Stoicks boafl:
Their virtue fix'd ; 'tis fixed as in froft,
- Contraftcd all, retiring to the bread;

But ftrength of mind isexercife, not rell. Pope,
APE. n.f. [ape, Icelandifti.]

1 . A kind of monkey remarkable for imi-
tating what he fees.

I will bt: more newfangled than an ape, more
giddy in my defircs than a monkey. Sbakefp,

Writers report, that the heart of an ape, worn
near the heart;, cemforteth the heart, and i&creaf-
eth audacity. It is true, that the ape a a merry
and bold bcall. Bacon*

With glittering gold and fparkling gems ihey
llsine.
But aprs and monkeys are the gods within.

GrasivUie.

Celeftia! Beings, when of late they faw
A mortal man unfold all Nature's law,
Admir'd fuch knowledge in a human Oiape,
.■Vnd /how'd a Newton, as we fhow an ape. Pope,

2. An imitator ; ufed generally in the bad
fenfe.

Julio Romano, who, had he himfclf eternity,
and could put breath into his work, would beguile
Nature of her cullom : fo perfeftly he is her ape.

Sbakefpeare,

To Ape. <v. a. [horn ape] To imitate,
as an ape imitates human aflions.

Api"g the fneigners in every drcfs.
Which, bought at greater coft, becomes him lefs.

Dry den.
Curfe on the ftripling ! how he apes his fire !
Ambitiaufly fcntentious ! Addifcr,

Ape'ak, or Ape'ek. a</f. [probably from
a pique.] In apofture to pierce; formed
with a point.

.Vpepsv. n.f. [airi'4/ia.] A lofs of natural
concoction. ^irncv.

A'PF.K. n.f. [iromape.] A ridiculous imi-
tator or mimick.

Ape'rient. adj. [aperio, Lat. to open.]
That which has the quality of opening ;
chiefly ufed of medicines gently pur-
gative.

There be bracelets fit to comfort the fpirits;
and they be of three Intentions j refrigeraju, cor-
roborant, and aperient, Bacfn,
Of the ftcms of plants, fome contain a fine apt-
rient fait, and are diurccick and faponaceous.

Ari'urhiht,

N ApE'iin'ivg.

A P H

Ape'»itive. adj. [from aferie, Lat, to
open.] That which has the quality of
opening the excreiuentitious pafiagea oi
the body.

Thry nuy make broth, with the addition of
tpirlihi hcrbt. Harvey.

Ape'rt. adj. [opertus, Lat.] Open.
Ape'rtion, n.f. [from apcrius, Lat.]

A P I

1. -An opening; a paflage through any
thing; a gap.

Tlic next now in order are the apirtiirt ; under
which term I do comprehend doors, windows,
ftjirtales, chimneys, or other cuiiduin : in (hort,
all ♦nlcts or uuilett. fftii^n.

2. The acl of opening ; or ftate of being
opened.

1 he plenitude of vefTels, otherwife called the
^ethora, when it happens, caufeth an extrav-ifa-
tjon of blood, either by ruption or afirrkn of them.

ApE'RTtv. aJ-v. [afer/i, Lat.] Openly ;

without covert.
Ape'rtness. 11./. [i'rota aptrt,'] Open-
nefs. ' *

The freedom,' or afitrtiitfs and vigour of pro-
nouncing, and the cloi'encfs of muffiiug, and la-
ainefs of fpealcing, render the found ditr'erent.

HMcr.
A'perture. n./. [from afertut, open.}

1. The ail of opening.

Hence arifcth die facility of joining a confonant
to avowd, becaufe from an appulfc to inafennri
is calier than from one appulfe to another. HtUtr.

2. An open place.

If memory be made by the eafy motion of the
fpirits through the opened pafl'ages, images, with-
out doubc, paf» through tiic fame aptrturti,

Gixtfu'tlU.

3. The hole next the objeft glafs of a te-
lefcope or microfcope.

The concave metal bore an aptrture of an inch ;
but the aperture was limited by an opaque circle,
perforated in the middle. Ntiiitm'i Opticit.

4. Enlargement ; explanation : a fenie fel-
dom found.

It U too much untwiftcd by the doftors, and,
like philofophy, made intricate by explications,
and difficult by the aperture and diflblution of dif-
tin£lions. Taylor.

Are'r ALOVS. adj. [ofafriv. andw-tTaAsr,
a leaf.] Without petala or flower leaves.

Ape'talousnses. »./. [frotnapetalous.]
Being without leaves.

APEX. n.f. apices, plur. [Lat.] The tip
or point of any thing.
The apex, or lefTcr end of it, is broken ofT.

IVocditjnrJ.

jiPHj^RESIS. n.f. [a^ai'fjiri{.] A figure
in grammar, that takes away a lecter or
fyllable from the beginning of a word.

JPHE'LION. n. f apbelia, plur. [from
awo, and ii>,i®., the fun.] That part of
the orbit of a planet, in which it is at
the point remoteft from the fun.

The reafon why the comets move not in the
«odiack is, that, in ihcW ajhelia, they m.iy be at
the greatell diftances from one anotlier ( and con-
fe^ueotly difturb one another'* motions the lead
that may be. Ckeyne.

JPHETjI. n.f [with aftrologcrs.] The
name of the planet, which is imagined
to be the giver or difpofer of life in a
nativity. Diil.

Aphe'tical. ajj. [(lom apheta.'] Relat-
ing to the apheta.

,A»hila'nthropy.»./ [u, without, and

^i>.a»9{»iTii», love of mankind.] Want

of love to mankind.
A'pHOKY. n.f. [«, without, and ^^tr„

fpeech.] A lofs of fpeech. ^incy,

A'PHORISM. n.f. [if ojKTftof.] A maxim ;

a precept contracted in a (hort fentence ;

an unconnefled pofition;

He will cifily difcern how little of truth there
is in th; multitude; and, though fomctimei
they are flattcr.-d with that aphorij'm, will hardly
believe the voice of the pcop.e to be the voice of
God. Bnwn^s l^tilgar Krroun,

I ihall at prefent confiJer the apborijm, that i
man of religion and virtue is a m >re ulcful, and
confequently a mote valuable, member of a com-
munity. Rogen.

Aphori'stical. aJj. [from aphori/hi.'\
In tlie form of an apborifm ; in fcparate
and unconneiled fentences.

Aphor j'sTicALLY. ad-v. [from aphorif-
lica/.] In the form of an aphorifm.

Thefc being, cariicd down, feldom mifs a cure,
as Hippocrates doth Uktwayiaphcnjlica/ly tell us.

Har'vey.

Aphrooisi'acai...7 a^'. [from 'AcpfMv,
Aph rodisi'ack. 3 Venus.] Relating to

the venereal diieaif.
A'piARY. n.f. [t'roin apis, Lat. a bee.]

The place where bees are kept.

'I'hofe who a!C ikilled in bees, whfn they fee a
foreign fvvarm approaching to plunder their hives,
have a trick to divert tliem into fome neighbour. ng
apiary, there to make what bavock they pleafe.

Siulft.

jiPI'CES of afl(nx;er. [Lat. from apex, the
top.] Little knobs that grow on the tops
of the flamina, in the middle of a flower.
They arc commonly of a dark purpliih
colour. By the microfcope they have
been difcovered to be a fort of capfulee
feminaLs, of feed veflels, containing in
them fmall globular, and often oval par-
ticles, of various colours, and exqui-
fitely formed. ^lincy.

A P i'e c E . adv. [from a for each, and piece,
or fhare.] To the part or ftiare of each.

Men, in whofc mouths at firft fcundcd nothing
but mortification, were come to think that they
might lawfully have fix or feven wives apiece.

H»ier.
I have to-night difp,itched fixtecn bufineflcs, a
month's length aficee, by an abftraiSt of tuccels.

SfakeJ'feare.

One copy of this p.ipcr mayferveadczenof you,

which will be Itfs than a farthing apien. Sivifi.

A'pisH. adj. [from <i/t-.]

1. H.iving the qualities of an ape; imita-
tive.

Report of falhions in proud Italy,
Whfife manners ftill our turiyafj/j narion
Limps after, in bafe aukward imitation. Shatefp.

2. Foppifh ; afFefted.

Becaiile I cannot flatter, ard look fair.
Duck with French nodb, and afijh courtcfy,
I muft be held a rancorous eni-'iny. Shatefpeare.

3. Silly; trifling; infignificant.
All this is but iipijh fophiftry ; and, to give it a

name divine and excellent, is abulivc and unjult.

Olanvilie..

4. Wanton ; playful.

Gloomy lits the queen.
Till Jiappy chance reverts the crutl fcene ;
And :ipijh folly, with her wild refort
Of wit .md jefr, difturbs the folcmn court. Pr:'.r.

A'l'jSHLY. adv. [i\omap!/h.'\ In an apifli
manner ; foppilhly ; conceitedly.

A'piSHNESs. »./. [itomapip."] Mimickry ;
foppery ; infignificance ; playfulnefs.

A P O

Api'tpat. ad'V, [a word formed from the
motion.] With quick palpitation.

O there he comes— VVciComc my bully, my
back : agad, my heart has gone af'trfat tor yuu.

APLU'STRE. n.f [Latin.] The ancient
enfign carried in fea vefleh.

The one holds a fword in herb<ind, to reprcfent
the Iliad ; iS the other has an apluftre, to repre-
lent the OdylTcy, or vovate of Ulyllcs. Mthj-.K,

APO'C ALYPSE. ».'/[from iir<rxa?.i'^«.]
Revelation ; difcovery : a word ufed only
of the facred writings.

O for that warning vOi^e, which he who favir
Th' afocalyfje heard cry in heav'n aloud. Milten,
With this throne, of the glory of the Father,
compare the throne of the Son of God, as feen in
the apKalypje. Burmt'i Theory f the Eartb.

Apoc a l y'pti c a I., adj. [from apocafyp/e.l
Concerning revelation; containing re-
velation.

If we could underftand that fcene, at the open-
ing ct this apccalypiical theatre, we Aijuld find ic
a reprefentation of the majefty of our Saviour.

Burnetts Tkeiry cf the Earth.

Apocaly'ptically. adv. [from apo-
calyptical.] In fijch a manner as to re-
veal fomething fecret.

JPO'COPE. n.f. [ijrox3»J;.] A figure in
grammar, when the lift letter or lyllable
of a word is taken away ; as, ingeni, for
ingenii ; apoplex, for apoplexy.

ApocRu'stICK. adj. [airoxpaj-ixa, frOIR.

arrcy.^sa, to drive.] Remedies endued
with a repelling and aftringent power,
by which they prevent the too great
afflux of humours. Chambers,

APO'CRYPHA. n.f [from i:ro^5,;A., to
put out of fight.] Books not publickly
communicated ; books whofe authors are
not known. It is ufed for the books
appended to the facred writings, which,
being of doubtful authors, arc lefs re-
garded.

We hold not K.Y\e apocrypha for facred, as we do
the holy fcripture, but for human compofitions.

Hnicr,

Aro'cKYPH At. adj. [from apocrypha.]

1. Not canonical ; of uncertain authority-.
Jeroni, who faith that all writings not cano-
nical ate apxryphal, ufcs not the title epn.ryfkai aa
the reft ot the fathers ordinarily have done, whole
cuftom is fo to name, for t„? moft part, only fuch
as might not publickly be r'ad or divulged. H'.eier,

2. Contained in the apocrypha.

To fpeak of her in the words of the apocrypiai
writers, wifdom is glorious, and never ladccii
away_. Aidijin.

3. It is fometimes ufed for an account of
uncertain credit.

Apo'cryph ally. ad-v. [from apocry~

phal.] Uncertainly ; not indifputably.
Apo'cryph aln ESS. n.f. [from apocry-
phal.] Uncertainty; doubtfulnefs of cre-
dit.
.Apodi'ctical. adj. [fromairoJiilKi evi-
dent truth ; demonftration.] Demon-
ftrative ; evident beyond contradiftion.

Holding an <i/'5i/i(^/;rfl/ knowledge, and an alfuted
knowledge'of it ; verily, to perfuade their appre-
henlions otherwife, were to make an Euclid be-
lieve, that there were more than one centre in a
circle. Brczvri'i Vulgar Errcuri.

We can fay all at the number three ; therefore
the world is pcrfeft. Tobit went, and his dog
foll.iwed him ; therefore there is a world in the
moon, were <ut argument as aptijiilical. Glamil/e.

APOM'XIS.

A P O

JPODI'XIS. n.f. [a3-J/;|.(.] Demonftra-

tion. -O"*-

APOGuEON. 1 n.f. [from a.Ttl, from, and

A'poGEE. >y\> the earth.] A point

JPOGE'UM. 3 in the heavens, in which

the fun, or a planet, is at the grcateft

diftance poffible f»mn the earth in its

whole revolution. The ancient aftro-

noniers regarding the earth as the centre

of the fyftem, chiefly regarded the apo-

gxon and perigaeon, wliich the moderns,

making the fun the centre, change for

the aphelion and perihelion. Chambers.

Tliy lin is in his ufogaofi placed,
Ar.J when it movetli next, muft needs defcend.

Fairfjx,
It is yet not agreed in what lime, precifely,
the ajxgimm abfolveth ore degree.

Brmvni Vulgar Ernurs.

Apologe'tical. ") adj. [fromir^Xoyi'iu, to

Apoloce'tick. J defend.] That which

is faid in defence of any thing or perfon.

1 drfign -.0 publilh an eflay, the greater part of

which is<i^/tj«;c<i/,toronel:)rtot'chymifts. Boylt.

Apoloce'tically. ad'v. [homafcloge-

tical.] In the way of defence or exxul'e.

Apo'logist. n. /. [fiom To apologize.]

He that makes an apology ; a pleader

in favour of another.

To Apo'logize. v. n. [from apology.^

1 . To plead in favour of any perlon or thing.

It will be much more feafinabie to leiorm than
Mohgixe or rhetoricate; and therefore it imports
thofe, who dwell fecure, to look about them.

Decay i,f Fitly.

2. It has the particle /ar before the fubjeft
of apology.

I ou^ht zo ap'Jogixt fir my indifcretion in the
wh')Ie undertaking. Watt'tPreparal'r.nfcr Death.
The trandator nieds not it^hgiz.1 for ni« choice
of this piece, which was made in his childhood.

P'.pe't Preface to Statim.
A'POLOGUE, n.f. [«7^«^67®-.] Fable ; ftory
contrived to te.ich fome moral truth.

An •ifohgue of /Silup is beyond a fyllnglim, and
proverbs more powerful than dem'inftrjiion.

Brenvrt^i fnlga^- Erraurt.
Some men are remailceJ for pleal'antnels in rail-
lery j others for afo.'cguei and appofite diverting
ftorie^. Loeti

APCLOGV. tt.f. [apologia, Lat. iiro-
Xoyi*.]

1. Defence; excufe. Jpology generally
figniiies rather excufe than vindication,
and tends rather to extenuate the fault,
than prove innocence. This is, how-
ever, fomctimes unregarded by writers.

In Iier face excufe
Came prologue, and apology too prompt ;
Which with bland words at will flie thus addrefs'd.

MUun.

2. It hasyir before the objeft of excuie.

It is nit my intention to make an apcbgy fcr my
fK/cm : fume will think it needs no excufe, anit
others will rectivc none. Dryden.

I ftiill neither trouble the reader, nor mylclf,
with any ap'Aogj for publifhing of thefe fermons ;
for if tUoy be, in any meafure, truly ferviccable to
tlie end tor which they are dcfigned, I d."> not Ut
what af'Jogy is nccclTary ; and if they be not fo, 1
am fure nore can be fufficlent. TiUbffon.

Apomeco'metry.b./ [«Tr3,from, n?x®-
diftancc, and/.<.i)^i'«,torneafure.] The art
of meafuring things at a diftance. Di3.

JPONEURO^&IS. n.f., [from i^ri, from,
and ttv^ot, a nerve.] An expanfion of
a nerve into a membrane.

A P O

When a eyft rifes near the orifice of the artery,
it is formed by the afoneurcfu that runs over the
ven"e!, which becomes eiceflivcly expanded.

Sbjifi Surgery.

JPO'PHJSIS. n.f. [Lat. iw^JiacrK, a de-
nying.] A figure in rhetorick, by which
the orator, fpeaking ironically, ieems to
wave what he would plainly infinuate ;
as. Neither ivill I mention thofe things,
rwhich if I Jhould, you notwithfiavding
could neither confute or J peak agaiitji them.
Smith's Rhetorick.

Apophle'gmatick. n.f. [aTro and fTUy
fio..'] That which has the quality of
drawing away phlegm.

Apophle'gm atism. n.f. [aws and (pxiy-
fta.] A medicine of which the inten-
tion is to draw phlegm from the blood.

And fo it is in afrjphlcgmunjnn and ij-irgarilms,
that draw the rheum d.nvn by the palate. Bjciit.

Apophlegma'tizant. n.f. [xvl and
^hiyjjisi.] Any remedy wliich caufcs an
evacuation of ferous or mucjus humour
by the noftrils, as particular kinds of

fternutatories.

!;>.

umcy.

A'poPHTHECM. n.f, [iw'^Siy^a.] Are
markabie faying ; a valuable maxim
uttered on fome fudden occafion.

Wc may ma^jnify the apophihigms, or reputed
replies of wildom, whereof many are to be fcen
in Laeilius and Lycolihrncs. Brcivnt Vutg. Err.
1 had a mind tu collect and digeli fuch obfer^a-
tions and apf'pbtbigmt, as tend to the proof of t'lat
great airertion. All is vanity. Priir.

APO'PHIGE. n.f. [xTT'.<pvyr., flight, or
efcape.] Is, in architcrture, that part
of a column, where it begins to (pring
out of its bafe ; and was originally no
more than the ring or ferrel, which an-
ciently bound the extremities of wooden
pillars, to keep them from ipHtting,
and were afterwards imitated in ftone
work. We fometimes call it the fpring
of the column. Chambers.

APO'PHVSIS. n.f [i-ri^vai:.] The pro-
minent parts of fome bones ; the lame
as procels. it differs from an epiphyfis,
as it is a continuante of the bone it-
felf ; whereas the latter is fomewhat ad-
hering to a bone, and of which it is
not properly a part. i^imy.

It is tiie apuphyjii, or head, of the os tibisc, whicli
makes the knee. tyijcman't Surgery.

Appple'ctical. aJj, [from apoplexy.']
Relating to an apoplexy.

AVe meet with the fame complaints of gravity
in lis ing bodies, when tlie faculty locomotive foems
abolilbcd ; as may be obfjtved in fupportirg perfons
inebriated, ^popliUkal, or in lipotbymies and fwnon-
inga. £ii.tvn't t^ulgar Errcurt,

In an apifUSlica! cafe, he fmnd extravniatcd
blood making way liom the ventricles of the brain.

Derham.

Apop l e'cti c k. adj. [from apoplexy.'] Re-
lating to an apoplexy.

A lady wai feiica with an ap.p/tPici fit, which
afterward terminated in fome kiud of lethargy.

ffifcinan.

A'popLEX. ».y; [See Apoplexy.] Apo-
plexy. The lall fyllable is cut away ;
but this is only in poetry.

Piefent punirtiment purines his maw.
When forfeited and fwiill'd, the peacock raw
He bears into t)iL bath; whence want of breath,
ReplctioiM, epiplix, intcftatc death. Uryiin.

A P O

A'popLEXED. oi^r. [from «/5//^.v.] Seized
with an apoplexy. •'

Senfe, fure, you have,
Elfe cculd you not have motion : but fure that ffnfe
Is apoflcx'd. !ihjleJf.eM-c.

ATOPLEXY. n.f. [i7ro'7r^»|K.] A fud-
den deprivation of all internal and ex-
ternal fenfation, and of all motion, nn.
lefs of the heart and thorax. The caufe
is generally a repletion, and indicates
evacuation, joined with ftimuli. ^iucy.

Apiplexy is a fudden abolition of all the Senfcs,
external snd internal, and of all voluntary motion,
by the ftoppa^c of the flux and lelinx of tiie animal
fpitits thiough the nerves dertined for tholb mo-
tijjns. Arhuthnot on Divt*

I'cace -3 a very a^5f/w_y, lethargy, mulled, deaf,
fleepy, inlcniible. !ihakcjpc.ire't Ccriolanus.

A fever may take away my reafon, or memory,
and an apoplexy leave neither fenfe nor underftand-

ing.

Lockem

APO'RIA. n.f. [iiropia.] Is a figure in
rhetorick, by which the fpeaker fhews,
that he doubts where to begin for the
multitude of matter, or what to fay i«»
fo«e llr.inge and ambiguous thing ;
and doth, as it were, argue the cafe
with himfelf. Thus Cicero fays. Whe-
ther he took them from his fellows more im~
pudently, gatie them to a harlot more laf~
ei-vioi(Jly, remo-vcd them from the Roman
people more luickedly, or altered them more
prefumptuoujly, I cannot iijcll declare.

Smith's Rhetorick.

APORRHO'EA, n.f. [aTrofpi^r,.] Efflu--
vium-; emanation ; ibraething emitted
by another : not in ufe.

The reafon of this he endeavours to make out
by atomical aporrlceas, which palTing from the
crucntate weapon to the wound, and being incor-
porated with the particles of the falve, carry them
to the .iiTctle.1 jiart. Glunviile's Scepjis,

APOSJOPE'SIS. n.f [iTTojtJwnai?, froni-
iva, after, ffnd irtuTrau, to be filent.]
A form of fpeech, by< which the fpeaker,
through fome affedion, as forrow, bafh-
fulnei's, fear, anger, or vehemency,
breaks off his fpeech before it be all
ended. A figure, when, fpeaking of a
thing, we yet feein to conceal it, though
indeed we aggravate it ; or when the
courfe of the lentence begun is fo flayed,
.as thereby fome part of the fentcnce,
not being utt^ed, may be underflood.

Smith's Rhetorick.

Apo'stasy. n.f. [aTTOi-acri;.] Departure-
from what a man has profefTed : it is
generally applied to religion ; fome-
times with the particle //w/).

The canon law dinacs ap'-Jicfy to be a wilful de-
parture from that ftatc of faith, which any pt-rfcn
his proftffed himfelf to hold in tlie Chriftian church.
Ayliffe's Purergoti.
The affable archangel had forewarn'd
Adam, by due example, to beWare
ApuJIafy, by what bclel in heav'n
To thofe apoftates. , Milton,

Vice in us were not only wlckednefs, but aprfta-
Jy, de^ienerate wickednefs. Sprat,

Whoever do give dift'erent worrtiipt, muft bring
in more gods ; which is an apajlafy from one God.

Siillingjieet.

APO'STATE. n.f [apojlata, Lat. aro-

r«T»ic.] One that has fbifaken his pro-

fcfEon ; generally applied to one that-

has left his religion.

The angels, for 'oilobcdiencf, thou'Uaft rcfevvei

N i t4 i*'

.A -'

A P O

M * mtfcrable immortality; bat uato man, equally
rtbellious, e()ually aftfljle frtm thee and guodnefs,
thou haft given a Saviour. Rcgers*i Serm^tti,

jtfeSaiti in point of faith, arc, according to the
civil law, I'ubjeA unto all puniflimenta ordained
againti hereticks. -^lif'-

Aposta'tical. aJJ. [from apofiate.\ Af-
ter the manner of an apollate.
To wear turbants is an tifcfiatical conformity.

SanJyi.

Te Apo'statize. v. n. [from apoftate.'\
To forfake one's profeffion : it is com-
monly ufed of one who departs from his
religion.

None revolt from the faith, becaufe they muft
not look upon a woman to luft after her, but becanfe
they are reftrained from the perpetration of their
lufts. If wanton glance^, and lib! iinous thoughts,
had been permitted by the gofpel, they would have
aptjlatntd nevcrthelefc Bntky.

TV Apo'stemate. f. ». \imm apoftemeJX
To become an apofteme ; to fwcU and
corrupt into matter.

There is care to be taken in abfceflSra Tjf the
breaft and belly, in danger of breaking inwards;
yet, by opening tbefe too foon, they fometimei
afofttKote again, and become crude. fyifctr.an.

Apostema'tion. n.f. [from apojiemate.]
The formation of an apofteme ; the ga-
thering of a hollow purulent tumour.

Nothing can be more admirable than the many
ways nature hath provided for preventing, or cu-
ring of fevers ; as, vomitings, «/i^oB«f;«ij, faliva-
tions, fife. Grnv.

A'posteme. 7 «./ [<liror»/ia.] A hollow
A'postume.J fwelling, filled with pu-
rulent matter ; an abfcefs.

Wiih equal propriety we may affirm, that ulcers
of the lungs, or afoftemei of the brain, do happen
only in the left fide. Brmin'i Vulgar Errours.
The opening of apoflcmis, before the fuppura-
tioD be perfefled, wcakeneth the heat, and renders
them crude. H^ifcmar..

APO'STLE. n.f. [apofiolus. Lat. anoro-
A®..] A perfon fent with mandates by
another. It is particularly applied to
them whom our Saviour deputed to
preach the gofpel.

But all hit mind is bent to holinefs ;
His champions are the prophets and afifila.

Shakeffiare.

I am far from pretending infallibility; that
would be to eredl myfelf into an afifite': a pre-
fumption in any one that cannot confirm what he
fays by miracles. i„,i,.

We know but a fmill part of the notibn of an
cftfiU, by knowmg barely that he is fent forth.

}ye:ts'$ Ligick.

Apo'stleship. »./ [froma/o/?/;.] The
office ot dignity of an apoftle.

Where, becaufe faith is in too low degree,
1 tliought it fome afriftUJhif in me
To fpeak things, which by faith alone 1 fee. Donnt.
GoJhath ordered it, that St. Paul hath writ
epiftles ; which are all confined within the bufi-
Dcfs of his afMrfi'if, and fo contain nothing but
points of Chrinian ir.ftruftion. Lockt.

Aposto'lical, adj. [from apoJlolUk .'\
Delivered or taught by the apoftles ;
belonging to the apoftles.

Tliey acknowledge not, that the cbtfrch keeps

«ny thing as aftfitlka!, which is not found in the

: apofUes writings, in what other records foever it

Declare yourfelf forthatchurch which is founded
opon fctiptutc, reafon, t/a/lolkal praaice, and an-
♦'"JO'ty- ^ //«,>^.

Apo»to'li c ALLY. bJv. [from apofitlical.']
In the manner of the apolUes.

Aposto'licalne5». a./ [from afvfioli.

A P O

ra/.] The quality of relating to the
apoftles ; apollolical authority.
Aposto'lick. adj. [from apofilt. The
accent is placed by Dryden on the
antepenult.] Taught by the apoftles ;
belonging to an apoftle.

Their oppofitions in maintenance of publick h-
perltition againft apujlidick endeavours, were vain
and frivolous. llmker.

Or where did I at fore tradition ftrike.
Provided ftill it were afcflolUkf Dfydtn.

APO'STROPHE. n.f. [i^or^oipn, from
awo, from, and rj/pw, to turn.]

1. In rhetorick, a diverfion of fpeech to
another perfon than the fpeech appoint-
ed did intend or require ; or, it is a
turning of the fpeech from one perfon
to another, many times abruptly. A
figure when we break off the courfe of
our fpeech, and fpeak to fome new per-
fou, prefent or abfcnt, as to the people
or witneffes, when ' it was before di-
refted to the judges or opponent.

Smith's Rhetorick.

2. In grammar, the contraftion of a word
by the ufe of a comma, as, tha' , for
though ; rep" for reputation.

Many laudable attempts have been made, by
abbreviating words with apajirafba ; and by lop-
ping polyfyllables, leaving one or two fyllables at
moil. Siifif!.

To Apo'strophize. v. h. [from apo-
Jlrophe.'\ To addrefs by an apoftrophe.

1 here is a peculiarity in Homer's manner of
apojlro^bix'mg Eumaeus, and fpeaking of him in
the fecond perfon : it is generally applied only to
men of account. Pope,

A'posTUME. »./ SeeAposTEME. [This
word is properly apcflcm.'] A hollow
tumour filled with purulent matter.

How an npojiume in the mefentcry, breaking,
caufes a confumption in the parts, is apparent.

Harvey.

To A'posTUME. v.n. [from apojlume.] To
apoftemate. Dii3.

Apo'thecary. n. /. [npotheca, Lat. a
repofitory.] A man whofe employment
is to keep medicines for fale.

Give me an ounce of civet, good apothecary, to

fweeten my imagination. Shekefp. King Lear.

They have no other doflor but the fun and the

freflj air, and that fuch an one, as never fends

them to the apcthecary. South.

Wand'ring in the dark,
Phyficians, for the tree, have found the bark ;
They, lab'ring for relief of human kind,
With fliarpen'd fight fome remedies may find;
Th' apothecary -tx^m is wholly blind. Diyden.

A'pOTHEGM.B./ [ properly apophthegm i
which fee. ] A remarkable faying.

By frequent converfing with him, and fcattering
ihort apothegmi, and little picafant ftories, and
making ufeful applications of them, his fon was,
in his infancy, taught to abhor vanity and vice as
monfters. IValtcnt Life of Sandcrfin.

Apothe'osis. n.f. [asroSiwa-i;.] Deifica-
tion ; the rite of adding any one to the
number of gods.

As if it could be graved and painted omnipo-
tent, or the nails and the hammer could give it an
afottee/ii. Siutb.

Allots the prince of his celeftial line
An apitheojis, and rites divine. Garth.

Apo'tomb. n.f. [from ivorfuiu, to cut

off.]
I. InmaUiemaucks, th? remainder or dif-

A P P

ftretice of two incommenfnrable qaan«
tiiies.

z. In mufick, it is the part remaining of
an entire tone, after a greater femiione*
has been taken from it. The propor-
tion in numbers of the npctome, is that
of 2048 to 2187. The Greeks thought
that the greater tone could not be di-
vided into two equal parts ; for which
reafon they called the firft part atr!iTe/iii,
and the other >7iy,»«. Chamhers.

A'pozem. n.f. [as-l, from, and {ta, to
boil] A decoflion ; an infafion made
by boiling ingredients.

During this evacuation, he took opening broths

and apoaems. IVifcman'i Surgery,

Squirts read Garth till apoxems grow cold. Gay,

To APPA'L. 'V. a. [^appalir, Fr. It might
more properly have been written ap-
pale.] To fright; to ftrike with fud«
den fear ; to deprds ; to difcourage.

Whilft ihe fpake^hcr great word^ did appal
My feeble courage, and my heart opprefs,
That yet I quake and tremble over ail. Fairy £^

Give with thy trumpet a loud note to Troy,
Thou dreadful Ajax ; that th' apfalUd air
May pierce the head of thy great combatant.

Shakijpeare^

The houfe of peers was fomewhat appalled at

this alarum ; but took time to conlidcr of it till

next day. Clarendon,

Does neither rage inflame, nor fcar appal.
Nor the black fear of death that faddens all ? Fafc

The mrnfter curls
His flaming creft, all other thirft appall'd,
Or fliiv'ring flies, or choak'd at dillance ftands.

Tbomfofft

ApPA'LEMErrT. n.f. [from appal.] De-
preffion ; difcouragement ; impreilion of
fear.

As the furious Daughter of them was a great
difcuuragement and appaiement to the reft.

Bacon i Hinry VII,

A'p P A N A o E. n.f. [nppanagium, low Latin ;
probably from pants, bread.] Lands fet
apart by princes for the maintenance of
their younger children.

He became fuitor for the earldom of Chefter, X
kind of appanage to Wales, and ufing to go to the
king's fon. Bacon,

Had he thought it fit
That wealth (hould be the appanage of wit.
The God of light could ne'er have been fo blind,
To deal it to the worft of human kind. Sivifr,

Appara'tus. n.f. [Latin.] Things pro-
vided as means to any certain end, as
the tools of a trade ; the furniture of a
houfe } ammunition for war ; equipage j
ftiow.

There is an apparatus of things previous to be
adjuHcd, before 1 come to the calculation itfelf.

1Voodv>arJ,
Ourfelves are eafily provided for ; it is nothing
but the circumftantials, the apparatui or equipage
of human life, that coits fo much.

Pope's Letters to Gay^

APPA'REL. n.f. It has no phiral. [tip.
pared, Fr.]

1. Drefs ; vefture.

1 cannot cog and fay, that thou art this and that^
like many ot thofe lifping hawthorn buds, that
come like women in men's apparel, and fmell like
BucklerHiury in fimpting time.

Sbakefpeari' i Merry ffives of fKindfor,

2. External habiliments.

Our late buint London, in apparel new,
Shook oft' her afhes to have treated you. ffaller.
At pubtic]( devotion, his rcfigotd carriage made

iciigiM

A P P

rttigioa appear in the natural afpanl of -fimpll-
city. Tathr.

To Appa'rei. 1/. a. [fiom apparel, the
noun.]

1. To drefs ; to clothe.

With fuch robes were the king's d.lughters that
■Vtttv\-!%mi afptireUed. 2 Sam. xiii. 18.

Both combatants were tfftrelled only in theii
doublets ar.d hofes. Hay-uiard.

2. To adorn with drefs.

She did appanl her apparel, and with the pre-
cioufneis of her body made it mort fumpCuous.

Sidney,

J. To cover, or deck, as with drefs.

You may have trees affarelUd with flowers, by
boring holes in them, and putting into them ca.th,
and fetting feeds of riolets. Bacait.

Shelves, and rocks, and precipices, and gulfs,
being appardUd with a verdure of plants, would
refcmble mountains and valleys. BiniUy^i Scrm.
4. To fit out ; to furnilh : not in ufe.

It batli been agreed, that either of them (hould
fend (hips to fea well manned and apparelled to
fight.^ Sir J. Hayward.

Appa'rent. aJ/. I apparent, Fr. apparens,
Lat.]

1. Plain; indubitable; not doubtful.

The main principles of reafun are in thcm-
felves apparent. For to make nothing evident of
itfcif unto man's underftanding, were to take
away all polTibiUty of knowing any thing. Hooker.

2. Seeming; in appearance ; not real.

The perception intelieclive often correils the
report of phantaly, as in the apparent bignefs of
the fun, the apparent crookedncls of the ftati' in
air and water. HaUi Origin cf Mankind.

3. Vifible ; in oppolition to/ecret.

What fecret imaginationi we entertained is
known to God ; this is apparent, that we have
not behaved ourfelves, a$ if we preferved a grate-
ful remembrance of his mercies. Auerbury.

The outward and apparent fanftity of ailions
Should flow from purity of heart. Revert.

4. Open ; evident ; known ; not merely
fufpefted.

As well the fear of harm, as harm apparent.
In my opinion ought to be prevented,

Shaiefpeare s RichjrdUl.

5. Certain ; not prefumptive.

He is the next of blood
And heir apparent to the Engiilh crown.

Shaiifpiere's Henry VI.

Appa'hent. ». / Eliipticaily ufed for
heir apparent.

Draw thy fwprd in right.
—I'll draw it as apparent to the crown.
And in that quarrel ufe it. Sbakefp. Henry Vl.
Appa'rently. adv. [from apparent.^
Evidently ; openly.

Arreft him, officer ;
I would not fpare my brother in this cafei
If he ihould fcom me fo apparently,

Shakifpeare't Comedy of Erreuri.

Vices apparently tend to the impairing of men's

he»>t!i. ^ Tilktfin.

Appari'tion. «./ [from appareo, La.t.
to appear.]

1. Appearance ; vifibility.

When fudden'y ftood at my head a dream,
Whofe inward appariti.n gently mov'd
My fancy. Milim.

My retirement tempted me to divert thofc me-
lancholy thoughts which the new apparitioni o(
foreign invafion and domeftic difc»ntent gave us.

Denbttm.

2. The thing appearing; a form ; a vi-
fible objeft.

I have mark'd
A thoufand blnfhing apparitiont
To ftart into her face j a thoufand innjc»nt

fhames
In asgei w1ukdc1« bear away tliofe blufbes. Sbak.

A P P

A jlorJoBS tpferition 1 had no doubt,
And carnal fear, that day dimm'd Adam's eyes.

MJ:on.

Any thing befides may take frotti me the fenf;
of what appeared ; which appariiim, it feems, was
>'"«• Tat/er.

3. A fpeftre ; a walking fpirit.

Horatio fays 'tis but our phant.ify,
Touching this dreaded fijhc twice fecnof us;
Thcrerorc I h.ire inrreatcd him.
That if again this apparition come.
He may approve our eyes, and Ipeak to it.

Shakejpearis Hamlet.

Tender minds rtinuld not receive eajly inipref-
fions of goblins, fpr(ftres, and app'iritims, where-
with maids fright them into compliance. Locke.

One of thofe apparitions had his right band
filled with darts, which he brandiihed in the face
of ail wiio came up that way. Tatkr.

4. Something only apparent, not real.

Still there's lumething

That checks my joys 1

— Nor can I yet diftinguifh

Which is an apparition, this or that. Den. Sophy.

5. Aftronomically, the vifibility of foaie
luminary, oppofed to eccultation.

A month of apparition is the fpace wherein the
moon appcareth, deduifting three days wherein it
commoi-ly difappeareth ; and this containeth but
twenty-fix days and twelve hours.

Broivns Vulgar Erroun.

Appa'ritors. a./, [from appareo, Lat.

to be at hand.]
I . Such perlbns as are at hand to execute

the proper orders of the magiftrate or

judge of any court of judicature. Ayliffe.
z. The lowell officer of the ecclefiaftical

court ; a fummoner.

They fival lowed all the Roman hierarchy, from
the pope to the apparitcr. Ayliffe's Parergon.

To Appa'y. -v. a. \appayer, old Fr. to fa-
lisfy.]

1. To fatisfy ; to content: whence m^ell
appayed, is pleafed ; ;'// appayed, is un-
eaj'y. It is now obfolete.

How well appaid flie was her bird to find !

Sidney.

I am well appaid that you had rather believe,

than take the pain of a long pilgrimage. Camden.

So only can high juftice reft afpaid. Milton.

2. The fenfe is obfcure in thefe lines :

Ay, Willy, when the heart is ill alTay'd,
How can bagpipe or joints be well appaid!" Spenfcr,

To APPE'ACH. -v. a.
I. To accufe
fon.

He did, amongll many others, appeacb Sir Wil-
liam Stanley, the lord chamberlain.

Bacon's Henry VII.
Were he twenty times
My fon, I would apptach him. Sbakefp. Rich. II.

Difclofe
The .late of your afFeftion ; for your paflions
Have to the full appeaihcd. Sbakejpeare.

z. To cenfure ; to reproach ; to taint
with accufation.

For when Cymochles faw the foul reproach.
Which themappeethed; frick'd with guilty (h.ime,

And inward grief, he fierc-ly gen approach,
Refolv'd to put away that lordly fliame. Fairy Si.

Norcanft, nor durft thou, traitor, on thy pain,
Appeacb my honour, or thine own maintain.

DryJen.
•\ppe'achment. ». / [from appeac/j.]
Charge exhibited againft any man ;
accufation.

A bufj-licaJed man gave firft light to this ap-
pemhmer.t ; but the eari di.l avouch it. Hnyward.

The duke's anfwers to his appeachments, in
number thirteen, I find civilly CvusbfJ. TVet^im.

to inform againfl any per-

A P P

■nAPPE'AL. nj.n. [appel/o. Lit.]

1. To transfer a caule from one to an-
other ; with the particles to and/rom.

From the ordinary therefore they appeal to themj
'"'Jj;"- Hooker:

2. To refer to another as judge.
Force, or a declared fign if force, upon the

perfon of another, where there is no common
fuperior on earth to appeal to for relief, is the
ftate of war; and it is the want of fuch an ap-
peal gives a man the right of war, even againft an
aggredbr, though he be in fociety, and a feliow-
'■"^^j',<^^- , Locke.

1 hey knew no foe, but in the open field
And to their caufe and to the gods appcal'd.

Stepney.

3. To call another as witnefs.

Whether this, that the fiul always thinks, be
afelr-cvidentpiopofjcion, I appeal to mankind.
rp , Locke..

4. To charge witli a crime ; to accui'e : a
term of law.

One but flatters us.
As well appeareth by the caufe you come.
Namely, t' appcaUmh other of high treafon.

, Shakefpeare,

Appe al. 71./. [from the verb To appeal.^
I. An appeal is a provocation /ri?/« an in-
ferior /» a fuperior judge, whereby the
jurifdiftion of the inferior judo-e is for
a while fufpended, in refpciifof the
caufe ; the cognizance being devolvec^
to the fuperior j udge. Jy life's Parerg.

This ring
Deliver them, and your appeal to us
There make before them, Sbakefp. Henry VIIT,

Our reafon prompts us to a future ftate.

The laft appeal from fortune mi from fate.

Where God's all-righteous ways will be declii'd.'

, Drydcn.

There are diftributers of juftice, from whom

there lies an appeal to the prince. Mdfon.

I. In the common law.

An accufation ; which is a lawful declaratiarl
of another man's crime before a competent judge,
by one that fets his name to the declaration, and
undertakes to prove it, upon the penalty that
may enfue of the contrary ; more commonly ufed
for the private accufation cf a murderer, by a
party who had intereft in the party murdered, and
of any felon, by one of his accomplices in the

^^^' Cornell.

The duke's imjuft.
Thus to retort your manifeft appeal.
And put your trial in the villain's mouth,
Which here you come to accufe. Shakefpcare.

Haft thou, according to thy oath and bond, '
Brought hither Henry Hereford, thy bold fon.
Here to make good the boift'rous late appeal
Againft the duke of Norfolk ? Shakijpears,

3. A fummons to anfwer a charge.

Nor Oiall the facved charailer of king
Be urg'd to ihield me from thy b.)ld appeal;
If I have injur'd thee, that makes us tcjiial, Dryd.

4. A call upon any as witnefs.

The cafting up of the 1

yes, ,ind lifting up of

the hands, is a kind of appeal to the Deity, the

author of wonders. Bacon,

Appe'alant. n. /. [from appeal.} He

that appeals.

Lords appealantt.
Your diff'rences fhall all reft undar gage.
Till we alTign you to your days of trial. Sbakefp,

A p p e'a L E R . ». /. [from appeal, j One who

makes an appeal.
To APPE'AR. --v. n. [appareo, Lat.]
I. To be in fight ; to be vilible.

As t.,c lcpri4yfl/./)M«/i in the Ikin of the flc/Ji.
Lcii. xiii. 43^
And half her knee and half her breaft appear.
By art, like nes''S<"C«> dtfcios'd and bare. Prior,

2. To

A P P

A P P

A P P

2. To become vifible as a fpirit.

For I have afpmrcd unto th« for this purp^ft, to
make thee a minilier and a witnefs. jIRt, xxvi. i6.

3. To ftand in the prefence of another,
generally ufcd of ftanding before fome
iuperiour ; to offer hirafelf to <he judg-
ment of a tribunal.

When fliaU I come and afftar before God ?

Pfalm, xlii. z.

4. To be the objeft of obfervation.

Let thy work afftar unto thy fervants, and
thy glory unto their chilJrep. Pfalmy %z. 16.

5. To exhibit one's felf before a court of
juftice.

Keep comfort to you, and this mnrmng fee
You do affpeitr before them. §hakefp. Hen, VUI.

6. To be made clear by evidence.

Egfrid did utterly wade and lubdue it, as up-
pears out of Beda's complaint againfl him j and
£dg>r brought it under his obedience, as appeart
by an ancient record. . Spenferi inland,

7. To feem, in oppofition to reality.

His firft and principal care being to app^.tr unto
his people, fuch as he would have them be, and
to be <iich as he appeared. Sidney.

My nobie roafter will appear
Such as he is, full of regard and honour. Sbaie/p.

S. To be plain beyond difpute.

From experiments, ufeful indications may be
taken, as v.U\ appear by what follows. j^iiL:inot.
Appe'aRANCB. n.f. [from To app(ar.'\

1. The aft of coming into fight ; as, they
were furprifed by the fudden appearance
of the enemy.

2. The thing feen ; as, the remarkable
uppearetncts in the iky.

3. Phcenomena ; that quality of any thing
which is vifible.

The advancing day of experimental knowledge
difclofeth fuch appearances, as will not lie even in
any model extant. Ciar.'ville's Zapfis.

4. Semblance ^ not reality.

He encreafed in ellimatton, whether by delUny,
rr whether by his virtues, or at lead by his ap-
pearances of virtues. Hayward.

Heroic virtue did his a£iions guide.
And he the fubftance not th' appearance chofe.

Vrydcn.

The hypocrite would not put on the apf.arar.ce
«f virtue, if it was not the moft proper means to
gain love. Add\j,n.

5. Outfide ; (how.

Under a fair and beautiful appearance there
{hould ever be the real fubltance of good. Rogers.

6. Entry into a place or company.

Do the fame juftice to one another, which will
be done us hereafter by thofe, who (hall make
their appearance in the world, when this generation
is no more. Addifcn.

y. Apparition ; fupernatural vifibility.

1 think a pcrlbn terrified with the imagination
of fpeflres, more reafonable than one who thinks
the appearance of fpirits fabulous. Addifon.

8. Exhibition of the perfon to a court.

I will not tarry ; no, nor ever more
Upon this bufincfs my appearance make
In any of their courts. Shakcfp. Henry VIII.

Q, Open circumftance of a cafc.
Or grant her palTion be fmcere.
How ftiall his innocence be clear ?
Appearances were all fo ftrong.
The world mull think him in the wrong. Swift.

10. Prefence; mien.

Health, wealth, vidlory, and honour, are in-
troduced j wifdora enters the laft, and fo capti-
vates with her appearcjnce, tliat he gives bimfelf up
to her- _ _ _ Addifin.

11. Probability; feeming ; likelihood.

There is that which hath no appearance, that
this pricll being utterly unacquainted wltli the
true peifon, according to wliofe p altera he Ihuuld

Ihape Kiicounteifeit, ftiould think It poflible fur
him to InftruO his p!a)er. Baecn.

AfPE'ARER.n,/. [ from To oppiar.l The
perfon that appears,

Thit owh anil ravens are ominous apptarirs,
and prefignify unlucky evcntsi, was an wgurial
conception. Brotvn,

App ERASABLE, aeij. [from To appea/e.']
That may be pacified ; reconcileable.

Appe'asableness. n.f. [from To ap-
pea/e.] The quality of being eafily ap-
peafed ; reconcileablenefs.

To APPE'ASE. 'V. a. [appai/er, Fr.]

1. To quiet ; to put in a Hate of peace.

By his counfel he aplcalith the deep, and
planteth iflands therein. Ecclus. xliii. 13.

England had no Icifure to think of reformation,

till the civil wars were appcajed, and peace Icttled.

Do'vies on Ireland.

2. To pacify ; to reconcile ; to ftill wrath.

So Simon was appcajed towards them, and
fought no more againli tiicra. J Mac. xiii. 47.

O God ! if my deep prayers cannot appeaje thee,
Yet execute thy wrath on me alone.

Staiefpeare's Richard 111.

The reft rtiall hear me call, and oft be warnM
Their fmful ftate, and to appeffe betimes
Th' incenfcd Deity. Milton.

3. To ftill J to quiet.

The reft
They Cut in legs and fillets for the feaft.
Which drawn and feiv'd, their hunger they af-
peafe. Drydin,

Appe'asbment. n.f. [fvom To appea/e.]
A ftate of peace.

Being nci:iier in numbers nor in courage great,
partly by authority, partly by entreaty, they Were
reduced to fome good appcaferrrents. Jlaytvard.

Appe'aser. n.f. [t'rom To appeafe.] He
that pacifies others ; he that quiets dif-
turbances.

Appe'li.ant. »./ [appello, Lat. to call.]

1. A challenger J one that fummons an-
other to anfwer either in the lilts or in
a court of juftice.

In the devotion of a fubjefl's love.
And free from other milbegotten hate.
Come I appellant to this princely prefence. Sbak.

This ii the day appointed for the combat.
And ready are th' appellant and defendant,
Th' armourer and his man, to enter the lifts.

Shalejpeare.

Thefc (hifts refuted, anfwer thy appellant.
Though by his blindncfs mainAl for high attempts,
Who now defies thee thrice to fingle fight. Millcn.

2. One that appeals from a lower to a
higher power.

An appeal transfers the cognizance ot the caufe
to the foperior judge ; fo that, pending the appeal,
nothing can be attempted in prejudice of the ap-
pellant. Ayliffe's Perergot:.

Appe'llate. n.f. [appellatus, Lat.] The
perfon appealed againft.

An appellatory libel ought to contain the name
of the party appellant ; the name of him from
whofe fcntcnce it is appealed ; the name of him
to whom it is appealed ; from what fentence it is
appealed ; the day of the fentence pronounced,
and appeal iiitcrpofed ; and the name or the party
apptltatc, at perfoji againil whom the appeal is
lodged . Ayliffe's Parcrgon .

Appella'tion. ». /. \appellatlo, Lat.]
Name ; word by which any thing is
called.

Nur ure always the fame plants delivered under
the fame name and appellaiim.

Brpwn^s Vulgar Errtturs.

Good and evil commonly operate upon the minci

of man, by rcfpeilive names or appellations, by

which liny arc notified and conveyed tg the mind.

Siuth.

ihtn.'i.iATivi.u.f. [apptllativum, Lat.]

! Words and names are either common or proper.

' Common names are fuch as ftand for univerfal
ideas, or a whole rank of bcingi, whether general
or fpecial. Thefe are called <i//W/nrk'». So
fl(h, bird, man, city, river, are common names ;
and fo are trout, eel, lobfter; tor they all agree to
man) individuals, and iumr to many fpccies.

fVaiis''s Logich.

Appe'llatively. ad<v. [from appella-
ti've.'\ According to the manner of
nouns appellative ; as, thiy man is a
Hercules. Hercules is ufed appellativflj,
to fignify a ft rang man.

Appe'llatory. adj. [from appeal.'] That
which contains an appeal. See Appel-
late.

Appe'llee. n.f. [from appeal.] One who
is appealed againft, and accufed. DiS.

To APPE'ND. f . a. {appendo, Lat. to hanrf
to any thing.]

1. To hang any thing, upon another ; as,
the infcription was appended to the co-
lumn : the feal is appended to the record.

2. I'o add to fomething, as an acceflbry,
not a principal part.

Appe'ndace. n.f. [French.] Something
added to another thing, without being
necelTiiry to its eflence, as a portico to
the houie.

Modelty is the appendage of fobriety, and is
to chaftity, to temperance, and to humility, as
the fringes are to a garment.

Tayhr^s Rule of living holy.
None of the laws of motion now eftablillicd,
will ferve to account for the produdlicn, motion,
or number of bodies, nor their appcv.dagcs, though
they may help us a little to conceive their appear-
ances. Chtyne.
He was fo far from over-valuing any of the
appendages of life, that the thoughts of life did
not afteil him. Atterbuif^
hvvz' tiOt\tiT. adj. [French.]

1. Hanging to fomething elfe.

2. Belonging to ; annexed ; concomitant.

He that delpifes the world, and all its appendant
vanities, is the moft fccurc. Tayhr,

He that looks for the blellings appendant to the
facrament, mu!l expert them upon no terms, but
of a worthy communion. Taylor,

Riches multiplied beyond the proportion of out
clurdiler, and the wants appendant to it, naturally
difpofe men to forget God. R'jgcrs,

3. In law.

Appendant is any thing belonging to another,
as accc/f.ytum prircipali, with the civilians, or ad*
junt^itmfubjcffo, with the logicians. An hofpitat
may be appendant to a manour ; a common of
filhing appendant to a freehold. CcnvcU,

Appe'.vdant. n.J~. That which belongs
to another thing, as an accidental or
adventitious part.

Pliny gives an account of the inventors of the
forms and appendants of (hipping.

Hale's Origin of Mankind.

A word, a look, a tread, will ftrike, as they are
appendants to external fymmetry, or indications of
the beaaty of the mind. Grenv,

To Appe'kdicate. f. a. [a/i^^Wu, Lat.]
To add to another thing.

In a palace there is tlie cale or fabrick of the
ftrufture, and there are certain additaments; as,
various furniture, and curious motions of divers
things appendicaied to it. Hale,

Appen djca'tion. n.f. [from apperidi-
cate.] Adjunft ; appendage; annexion.

There are confidcrablc p.irts and integrals, and

appendii-ations unto tin mundus afpecJaiilis, impoffi.

blc to be eceraal. HfU,

App£'nj)»x.

A P P

Appe'ndix. n.f. {appendices, plur. Lat.]

1. Something appended, or added, to an-
other thing.

The cherubim were never intended as an objcfl
of worlhip, becaufe they were only the opf indices to
another thing. But a thing is then propol'ed as an
oljcft of worfliip, when i« is fet up by itfelf, and
not by way of addition or ornament to another
thing. Sti/Iirgflcct.

Normandy became an cppcrJix to England, the
noMcr dominion, and received a greater conformity
of their laws to the Englifh, than they gave to it.
Hiile^i Civil Law of England*

2. An adjunft or concomitant.

All concurrent ayftndicu of the aflion ought to

be furveyed, in order to pronounce with truth con-

ceVning it. ffatti.

To APPERTA'IN. c;. rt. [appartenir. Fr.]

1. To belong to as of right : with to.

The honour of devifing this doiSrinc, that reli-'
gion ought to be inforccd by the fword, would be;
found affertaining to Mahomed the falfe propliet.

Raldgb.
The Father, f' whom in heav'n fupreme
Kingdom, and power, and glory apperfairtSi
Hath honour'd m", according to his will. Par. Lcfi.

2. To belong to by nature or appointment.;

If the foul of man did ferve only to give him be-
ing in this life, then lh'\ri%% appertaining to this life
would content him, as we fee they do other crea-
tures. IfoOitr.

And they roafted the patToTcr with fire, as affcr-
taintlbt as for the (acrifi<es, they fod them in brafs
pots. ■ ' 1 EfJni!.

Both of them feem not to generate any otiier cf-
feft, but fuch as apferiaineLb .o tlieir proper objects
and lenfcs. Bacon,

Is it cxpefled, I Ihould know m fccrets
That afl^rtain to you ? Shairff. 'julim Cajar.

Aptert a'inment. n. f. [from apper-
tain.'] That which belongs to any rank
or dignity.

He (hcnt our meflengers, and we lay by
Our a^pcrtainmcntiy vifiting of him. Skakeffi.

ApPe'rten ANCE. «./. [appartenanceyFc]
That which belongs or relates to another
thing.

Can they which behold the controvcrfy of divi-
nity condemn our enquiries in the doubtful aj>pcr~
tcnanties oi arts, and receptaries of philofoph) f

Bro^vni yul^ar Ernars.

Appe'rtinekt. adj. [from To apper-
tain.] Belonging; relating.

You know h :w apt our l->vc wa* to accord
To furnilh him with all atftrtinmii
Belonging to his honour. Stakfffi. Jitrry V.

A'ppetence. In./, [appeter.tia, Lat.]
A'PPETENCY. j" Carnal defue ; feniual
delire.

Bred only and completed to the tafte
Of lultful afpittnce ; to ling, to dance.
To drcfs, to troule the tongue, and roll the eye.

Millon.

Appetibi'litt. n. /. [from appetihle.]
The qoality of being defirable.

That fliciration which the fchools intend, is a
deducing of the power of tlie will into a&, merely
from the nfftt.^iiuy of the objeft, as a man d.aws
a child after him wiili the light of a green bough.
Bramball againjl Hibbti.
A'PPBTIBLE. a^'. [nppetibilis,Lzx.] De-
firable ; that which may be the obje£l of
appetite.

i'o*er both to flight the mofl at^etilli objefts,
and to controul the mod unruly pjf'.ons.

Brambali agairjl Hobbes.

A'PPETITR. »./. [appetitus, Lat.]
1. The natural defire of good ; the inrtinft
by which we are led to feek pleafure.

'i he wi.l properly and ilri^ly taken, as it is of
Ihir.gk wliich ate cefcncd unto the end Chat man

A P P

d-firefh, differeth greatly from that inferiournatu-
ral defire, which we call affeiiti. The objeft of
atftiili is whatfoever fenfible good may be wifhcd
Jor ; the objcO of will is that good which reafon
does lead us to feek. Hooker.

2. The defire of fenfual pleafure.

Wily, (he would hang on him.
As if increafe of appetiu had grown
By what it fed on. Shakefp. Hamlet.

Urge his hateful luxury.
And beflial appetite in change of lult.

iihakefpcarf^s Richard III.
Each tree
Loaden with faireil fruit, that hung to th* eye
Tempting, ftirr'd in me fudden appetite
To plucic and cat. Milton^s Paradife Loji.

3. Violent longing.; eagernefs after any
thing.

No niian could enjoy his life, his wife, or goods,
if a mightier man had an appetite to take the fame
from him. Dawes.

Hopton had an extraordinary appetite to engage
Waller In a battle. Clarendon.

4. The thing eagerly defired.

Power being the natural appetite of princes, a li-
mited monarch cannot gratify it. Stvift.

5. Keennefs of. llomach j hunger ;, 4efire
of food.

There be four principal caufes of appetite; the
refriger.ition of the llomach, joined with fomedry-
nefs ; contraction ; vellication, and abHerfion j
bclides hunger, which is an emptinefs.

Baconi Natural Hijlcry.

There is continual abundance, which creates
fuch an appetite in your reader, th.it he is not
cloyed with any thing, but fatisfied with all. Dryd.

6. It has fpmetimes cfh^ote the objefl of
defire.

The new officer's nature needed fome reftraint
to his immoderate appetite 0/* power. Claretidon.

7. Sometime^ to.

We have generally fuch an appetite to praifc, that
we greedily fuck it in. Government of the Tongue.

.^ppeti'tion. n.f. [appetitio, Lat.] De-
fire.

The adiual appeiiiion or fadening our affeftions
on him. Hantniond^t PraSiicai Catechijvi.

We find in animals an cftimative or judicial fa-
C'llty, an appetiticn or averfation. ^'"^'^ Ha/e.

A'ppetitive. ai/J. [from appetite.] That
which defires ; that which has the qua-
lity of dtfiring.

The wiil is not a bate appetitive power, as that of
the fenfual appetite, but is a rational appct:te.

Hale'i Origin of Mankind.

1 find in myfelf an appetitive f^iculty always in

execcife, in the very hei^c of activity and invigo-

ration. Norris.

To APPLAUD, -v. a. [applaudo, Lat.]
1. To praife by clapping the hand.

I would applaud thee to the very echo,
That flioiiikl applaud again. Seaktjp. Macbeth.
z. To praife in general.

Nations unbone your mighty names fliall f'und,
And worjds apflaud-\iat mud not jct be found '

.', . :-w' . yope.

Appla'uder. n,/. [from applaud. ] He
that prailcj or commends.

I had the voice of my fuiglc reafon againll it,
drowned in the noife of a multitude of applauders.
Clanvil!e''sScepJis.
Appla'use. a.y: [applaiifiis.'Lsii.] Ap-
probation loudly exprefTcd ; praiic :
properly a clap.

This general applaufe, and chearful (hout.
Argues your wifdom and your love to Richard.

^bakejpeare.

Sylla wept,

And cliid her barking waves into attention ;

And fellCharybuis murmur'd fofxappUuJc. Milton.

Thofc that arc fo fond of applauje, how little do

they tafte it when they have it! South.

A P P

See their wide-ftreaming wounds ; they neither
came
For pride of empire, nor dtfire of fame;
Kings fight for kingdoms, madmen for applaufe^
But love tor love alone, that crowns the lover's caufe.
Drydens FaUes~

A'PPLE. n.f. [xppel, Saxon.]

1 . The fruit of the apple-tree.

Tall thriving trees confcfs'd the fruitful mold ;
The redti'ning apple ripens here to gold. Fope^s Od*

2, The pupil of the eye.

He inltruiled him } he kept him as the apple of
his eye. Deut. xxxii. I0>.

Apple of Love.

Apples of love are of three forts ; the mod com-
mon having long trailing branches, with rough
leaves and yellow joints, fucceeded by apples, as
they are called, at the joints, not round, but
bunched; of a pale orange Ihining pulp, and feed^
within. Mortimcr^s Hujhandry ^

Apple-craft. ». f. [from apple and
graft.] A twig of apple-tree grafted,
upon the Hock of another tree.

We have feen three and twenty forts of apple
grafts up<in the fame old plant, moll of them
adorned with fruit. Boyle.

Appee-tart. n.f. [frQmfl///f and /cr/.J
A tart made of apples.

What, up and down carv'd like an apple^tart}

Shakcjpeare*.

Apple-tree. n.f. [from apple a.nd tree.l
1'he fruit of this tree is for the moft part hol-
lowed about the foot ftalk j the cells incloling the
feed are feparated by cartilaginous partitions ; the
juice of the fruit is fourifh; the tree large and.
fpreading; the flowers oontift of five leaves,, ex-
panding in form of a rofe. There is a gieat va-
riety of ihefe fruits. Thofe for the dcfl'ert are, the
white juniting, Margaret apple, fummer pearmain,
fumnier queening, embroidered apple, golden rci-
nctce, fummer white Colvillc, fummer red Colville,
filver pippin, aromatick pippen, the gray reinette,
la hautc-bonte, royal rufl'eting, Wheeler's ruiTet,
Sharp's ruflet, fpice apple, golden pippen, nonpa-
reil, and I'api. ^'hofc for the kitchen ufe are, cod-
^ ling, fummer marigold, fummer red pearmain,.
Holland pippin, Kentilli pippin, the hanging body.
Loan's pearmain, Frencli reinette, French pippin,
royal rulfet, monftruous reinette, winter pearmain,
pomme violette, Spencer's pippin, ftone pippin,,
oakenpin. And thofc generally ufed for cyder are,
Devonlhire royal wilding, rcdllreaked apple, the
whitfour, Herefordlhire underleaf, John apple, &c,

Milkr.

Oaks and. beeches laft longer than apples and

pears. Bacon.

Thus apple-tret! "^ihcffc trunks are ftron^ to bear

Their I'preading boughs, txcrt themlelves in air.

Drydtn.

Apple. WOMAN, n.f. [from apple and
'woman.'\ A woman that fells apples,
that keeps fruit on a ftall.

\ oodiir are two appie-ivotntn fcolding, and juil
ready to uncoifone another. Arl^uthnot and Popt.

Appi.i'AnLE. adj. [from apply.] That
which may be applied. For this word
the modern.'; ufe applicable ; which fee.

Li Tiit,ition'.f all (uch principles liave, in regard of
the varieties of the matter whcreunto they arc ap-
pt.ahle. t/ooker.

All that 1 have faid of the heathen idolatry is.i^-
phahle to the idolatry of another fort of men in the
world . South.

Appli'ance. «./. [from a///y.] The aft
of applying; the thing applied.

Difeates dcfp'rate grown
By defpcrate appliance are relieved. Shake/peart.

Are yi u rhat''d i*
A(k God for tempi tar.Cc, 'tis the appliance only
Which your defire requires. Shakefpeare.

A 1' P L 1 c A B i'l I T y . ». / [from applicable.]

Itlt

A P P

The qoolity of beiitg At to b< applied to

fomething.

.The afli'>n of txM is compofed of two p»rts ;

thf one prcrtinf, tht other peiKtnrtion, which rt:-

^MiTv afpllcabittty, t^th'

A'pPLiCAnLE. adj. [from a/ifly.] That
which may be applied) a* properly re-
lating to fomething.

■What he l'a)5 of the portrj'c of anjr particular
perfon, is tJpplkabte to ppttry. la the chara^er,
there is a better or a vrorfelikencft ; t^ better is a
panegyrick, and the worfe « ltt>e!. Dr^dcn,

It were happy for us, if this complaint were af-
^fsi/^ only to the heathen wetU. Rogers.

A'PPLICABLENESS. »./. [from efflica-
iJe.] Fitnefs to be applied.

Tiie Jtnuwledge of falts may poflihly, by that
little part which we have already delivered of its
efifiuak.'€jiefi, be of ufe in natural philofopby. Bo^'le.
A'PPUICABLY. aJv. [from applicable.^
In fuch a mauner as that it may be pro-
perly applied.
A'i'PLicATE. n.f. [from apply.'] A right
line drawn acrafs a curve, fo as to bii'e€l
the diameter thereof. Chambers.

Applica'tiom. n.f. \irova. apply .'\

1. The aft of applying atiy thing to ano-
ther; as, he mitigated hi-s paia by the
application of emollients.

2. The thing applied ; as, he invented a
new application, by which blood might
be llau/ched.

3. The a& of applying to any perfon, as a
iolicitor, or petitioner.

It (hould fcem very extraordinary, tliat a patent
Aotitd be paflcd, upon the ap^hcat'nn of a poor,
private, obfcurc mech.mick. Stv'tft.

4. The employment of means for a certain
end.

There is no flint which can be fet to the value or
merit of the facrificcd body of Chrift ; it hath no
mealurcd certainty of limits, bounds of efficacy
unio lite it knowcth none, but is alio itfclf infinite
in uo£lbllity of appticatkn. IJcoktr.

If a right courfe be taken witli children, there
will not be much need of the applicalhn of the com-
mon rewards and puni/hmcnts. Locke*

5. Intenfenefs of thought ; clofe ftudy.

1 have difcovered no orlier way to keep our,
thoughts clofe lo their bufinefs but, by fre<)uent at-
tention and afpVuatiout getting llic habit of atten-
tion and appHttuion. ■" Locke.

6. Attention to fome particular affair :
with the particle to.

His continued application to fuch ptibriclc affairs,
as may benctit his kingdoms, diverts him from
plcafiires. Adiiifon.

This crime certainly defcrre s fhe utmoft appiira-
r/M andwildora ofapcopie to prevent it.. Mdijcn.

7. Reference to fome cafe or pofiiion ; as
," the Ilory was told, and'the hearers made

the application.

This principle a^s with the greatcft force in the
word appiicati<3it -y and the familiarity of^wickcd
men more fuccefsfully debtucbet, than that of good
men reforms. Re^eri.

A'pPLicATivE. adj. \_irom apply. "l Tliat
which .ipplies.

The direfliVc command for counfel is in the un-
* derflanding, and iheapplifath': command for put-
<iAg in <x«cution it in the will. '

Bramball agairjl Htiics.

A'ppMCATORY. <i<^". [from a^//v.] That'
which comprehends the adl of applica-
tion.

A'p PLICA TORY. a./. That which applies.
There ate but two ways uf a^iplyin j the death cf

AP-P

(ha& I f«ith !«' the inward applicattry, and if there
be any outward, it muft be Ae facramenta.

Tayl'jfi IVcrihj dmmumeent.
-n APPLY'. V. a. [applico, Lat.]

1 . To put one thing to another.

He laid, and to tl.e fword his throat apfHti.

Dryitn.

2. To lay medicaments upon a wound.

Apply fome fpeedy cure, prevent our tate.

And luccour nature ere it be too late. Addijon.

God hae addrelfed every palhon of our nature,

applied remedies to every wcaknefs, warned us of

■ every enemy. R'.gcn.

3. To make ufe of as relative or fuitable to
fomething.

This brought the death of your father into re-
membrance, andl repeated the veries which 1 for-
merly applied to him. DryJn't Fai/et.

4. To put to a certain ufe.

The profits thereof might be afptted towards the
fuppoi t of the year. Clarendon.

5 . To ufe as means to an end.

Thefc glorious beings are instruments in the
hands of God, who applies their fervices, and go-
verns rfieir aSions, ana difpofcs even their w'Us and
aftcftions. Rogers.

6. To 'fix the mind upon ; to ftudy : with
to. Locke ufes about j lefs properly.

Apply thine heart *nto inftruftion, and thine;
ears to the words of knowledge. Prm. xxiii. iz.

Ereryman iaconfcious to himfelf thathe thinks;
and that which his mind is applitd atevt, whilfl
thinking, is the ideas that are there. Locke.

It is a fign of a capacious mind, whi?n the mind
can apply itfclf fo fcvcral objects with a fwift fuc-
ceffion. ffatts.

7. To have reconrfe ttr, as a foliciior or
petitioner ; with to : as, \ applitil myfelf
to him for help.

8. To addrefs to.

God at laft
To Satan firft m fin his doom apply'd.
The' in myfterious ternvs, judg'd as then btft.

Milton.
Sacred vows and myftic fong apply'd.
To grifly I'luto and Ws gloomy bride. Pope.

9. To bufy ; to keep at work : an anti-
quated fenfe ; for which we now ufe ply.

She was (kilful in applying his humours ; nsvcr
fuft'ering fear to fall 10 dcfpair, nor hope to haften
to itlftirance. Sidnev.

10. To aft upon ; to ply.

A varlct running towards hallily,
Whofe flying teet (b faft thiir way apply'd,
T'hat round about a cloud of duft did fly* Fairy ^.

To Apply', 'v. n.

1. To fuit ; to agree.

Would it opjiy well to the vehemency of your
aflrClion, tlut I flioulJ win what you vould enjcy ?

Shakejpeare.

2. To have recotirfc to, as a petitioner.

I had no thaughti of »»/>^>i^-m^ to any but himfelf;
h-: deli red I would fpeak to others. Siuift.

3. To attach by way of influence.

God knows every faculty and pafli)n, and in
what manner they cat) be moil fuccefsfuliy applied
"to. Rogers.

To Appo'ikt. t. a. [appointer, Fr.]

1. To fix any thing, as to fettle the exaft
time for fome tranfaftion.

The time ap'pointe.i o^ ih& Father. Gelat. iv. 1.

2. To fettle any thing by compaft.

He faid, Appoint me thy wages, and I will pay
it. Gemfis.

Now there was an appointed fign between the
men of Ifrael and the liers in wait, yudget, xx. 38.

3. To eftablifli any thing by decree.

It wjs bi'f)rc the Lord, wliich chofe mc before
thy father, and before all his hiufe, to appoint mc
ruler over the people of the Lord. 2 Sam. vl. 1 1 .

Unto hii»tbou gavcit commaDdmeot, which he

A P P

traafgreHiid, and immediately thou appointej^
death in him, Ind in his generations, a Efd. iii. 7,
O Lord, that art the God of the juft, thou haft
not appcmied repentance to the Juft.

. MMuffeh't Prayer.

4. To furnifh in all points ; to equip ; to
fupply with all things ncceffary : ufed
anciently in fpeaking of foldiers.

The Englilh being well appointed, did fo enter-
tain them, that their fliips departed terribly torn.

Hajinard.

Appo'intbr. h./. [fit)m appaint.] He

that fettles or fixes any thing or place.
Appo'intment. n.J~. [appoimtemtnt , Fr.]

1 . Stipulation ; the aft of fixing fomething
in which two or more are concerned.

They had made an appomtntnt le^/cxixt, to come
to mourn with him, ami to comforthim. ^oi, ii. 11.

2. Decree; eltabliiTiment.

The ways of death be onlypn his hands, whu
alone hath power over all fleA, and unto whofe «^.
poirtment we ought with patience meekly to fubmit
ourfeivcs. Hooker,

3. Direftion; order.

That good fcUow,
If I command him, follows my appointmont \
I will have none fo near elfe. Sbatefpeare,

4. Equipment ; furniture.

They have put forth the haven t further on.
Where their appointment we may befl difcover,
Ai;d look on their endeavour. Shakejpeare,

Here art thou in appointment frefh and fair.
Anticipating time with ftarting courage. Shakefp,

5. An allowance paid to any man, com.
monly ufed of allowances to publick of-
ficers.

To Appo'rtion. 'v.a. [from /er//V, Lat.]
To fet out in jull proportions.

Try the parts of the body, which of them ifl"u«
fpecdily, and which flowly ; and, by apportioning
th: time, take and leave that quality which you de-
fire- Bacon.

To thrfo it were ^od, that fome proper prayer
were apportioned, and they taught it. ' South.

An otfice cannot be apportioned out like a com-
mon, and iharcd among diltincl proprierors. Cclliert
Appo'rtionmf-nt. n. /. [from appor-
tion.] A dividing of a rent into two
parts or portions, according as the land,
whence it iffues, is divided among two
or more proprietors. Chambers.

To Appo'se. 11. a. [appone, Lat.]

1. To put queflions to. This word is not
now m ufe, except that, in fome fchools,
to put grammatical quelUons to a boy
is called to po/e him ; and we now ufe
po^e for puzzle.

Some procure themfelves to be furprifed at fuch
times as it is like the party that t^lty work upon,
will come upon them : and to be found with a
letter in their hand, or doing fomewhat which they
are not accuftomed ; to the end they may lie ap-
pcfed of thofe things which of tliemielvcs they ar«
defirous to utter. Bacon,

2. A latinifm. To apply to.

By malign putrid vapours, the nutriment is ren-
dered unapt uf being app.fed to the parts. Harvey^

h'pTOSiTz.ailj. [appcjitus, Lat.] Proper ;
fit ; well adapted to time, place, or cir-
cumftances.

The duke's delivery of his mind was not fo
fharp, as fojid and grave, and afpofite to the timei
and occafions. I^oiton,

Neither was Perkin, for his part, wanting to
himfelf, either in gracious and princely behaviour,
or in ready and appofile anfwers. Bacon,

Remarkable inftances of this kind have beeri ;

but it will adminilier rcfleftions very apps/tte to

the defign of this prefcot Cslemnitj-. Attirbury.

A'PPOSITELY.

\

•A P t>

'A'pposir?i.Y. ae/'Tj. [from (?//«/?//.] Pro-
perly ; fitly ; fuuably.

We may affcfialy compare this difeafe, of a
proper and improper coafumpcion, to a decaying
Iicmfc. . ffaney.

Wlien we come into a government, and fee tiiii
place of honour allotted to a murderer, another
tilled with an at'oeift or a blafphemer, may we not
af[ofiiely and properly aflc. Whether there be any
virtue, fobrieqt, or religidn, amongll fuch a peo-
ple ? South.
A'pposiTEKESs. «./ [hom appojite.'] Fit-
nefs ; propriety ; fuitableiiefs.

Judgment is either concerning things to be
known, or of things done, of their congtuity, fit-
nefs, ri^htnefs, mfifticmj!.

llali'i Origin of Manl'md.
Apposi'tio:*. ».yl [a/>/o/f//o, Lat.]

1. The addition of new matter, fo as that
it may touch the firil mals.

Urme infpeiteJ with a mjcrofcopc, will difcover
a black fand ; wherever this fand fticks, it grows
ftill bigg' r, by the apprfuhn of new matter.

Arhuibn-A en Diet.

2. In grammar, the putting of two nouns
in the fame cafe ; as. Liber Sufannee ma-
trs, the book of his mother Sufan.

roAPPRA'JSE.-i/.a. \appreder, Fr.] To

fet a price upon any thing, in order to

fale.
Appr.a'iser. »./■ l^Toxaappraife.'] A per-

fon appointed to fet a price upon things

to be fold.
To APPREHE'ND. 11. a. [appnhendo, Lat.

to take hold of.]

1. To lay hold on.

There 13 nothing but hath a double handle, 6r at
leaft we have two hands to affrthmi it. tayhr.

2. To feize in order for trial or punifh-
jneiit. I

The governor kept the city with a garrifon, defi-
rouc to afpribttid me, 2 Car. x'l. 32.

It was the rabble, of which no body was named ;
and, which is mote Urangej.nat one affrihrnikd.

Clarendon.

3. To conceive by the mind.

The good which is gotten by djing, caofetb not
aftionj unlefj, affrelxndittg ix. as good, we like
and dclire it. linker.

Vet this i ofprchtrJ not, why to thofe
Among whom God will deign to dvsell on earth,
So many and fo vaiiaus laws arc given. Millar.

The Firil Being is invilible and incorruptible,
and can only be affrclemUd by our minds.

Stillingfeet.

4. To think on with terrour ; to fear.

From my grandfather's death 1 had reafon t.-

epprihend tjie lUnej and, from my father's life,

the gout. ^ » 7im/./t.

Apprekk'nobr. n.f. [irom apprehend.]

Conceivcr ; thinker.

Groii apfretfndiri may not think it anymore
ftrange, t an iha: a bullet ihould be mjved by the
rarifieu (ire. Gkr.'vilU:

Apprfhe'nsible. aJj. [from apprehend.]
That which may be apprehended, or
conceived.

The nortli and fiuthem poles are incommuni-
cable an-l fixed paints, wiiTeof the one is f ot au-
frehtrfillc in the other. BreminiVulgar E rmrs.
AppREHt'NSiON. »./. [npfreheii/w, Lat.]
i. The mere contemplation of things,
without affirming or denying any thing
concerning them. So we think of a
horfe, high, fwift, animal, time, matter,
mind, death, f:ff. Watts.

S.-.ip'e aiiiA'i; Tr^n denotes no more than tjit
f' '' > ''"<n i>{ an objcil, without ci-

'■"'' . jldudtioB. CUmille.

Vol. L

A P P

2. Opinion ; fentiments ; conceflion.

It we aim at right underftanding its true na-
ture, we mull examine what afprehcufenmmWmi
make of it. Dr^/y.

To be falfe, and to be thought falfe, is all one in
refpeft of men who aft not according to truth, but
apprfhenfion. South.

The exprcflions of fcripture are commonly fuited
in thofe matters to the vulgar oppvtbfvjlons and
conceptions of the place and people where they were
delivered. Locke.

3. The faculty by which we conceive nev/
ideas, or power of conceiving them.

1 nam'd them as t'ney pafs'd, and underllood
Their n:rture, with fuch knowledge God indu'd
Mv fudden tipfrthcnjlon. Milton.

4. Fear.

It behoveth that the world /hnuld be held in awe,
not by a vain furmife, but a true appreh':nfii.n of
fomcwhat which no man may think himfelf able
to withftand. Hooker.

And he the future evil fhall no lefs
In apprehenfimj than in fubftance, feel. Mihcn.

Th« apprebcnIloTt of what w?.s to come from an
unknown, at leafl unacknowledged fuccefl'our to
the crown, clouded much of that profperity.

Clarendon.

As they have no apprehenfon of thefe things, lb
they need no comfort againll them. Tillotf^n.

After the death of his nephew Cal'gula, Clau-
dius was in no fmall apprebevjion for his own life.

Addi'^n,

5. Sufpicion of fomething to happen, or
be done.

I'll note you in my book of memory,
And fcourge you f -r this afprehenfiin. Skaiefp.

That he might take away the upprebenfion, that
he meant fuddenly to depart, he fent out orders,
which he was fure ^^•ould come into the enemies
hands, to two or three villages, that they fhould
fend proportions of corn into Balioghoufe.

Clartndcn.

6. Seizure.

See that he be convcy'd unto the Tower :
And- g-> we brothers to the man that took lilm,
To queflion of his appreheKjUi;. Shakcipeare,

7. The power of feizing, catching, or
holding.

A lobfter hath lh« chely or great claw of one

(ide longer th.in the other, butthis is not their leg,

but a ^irX oi apprebenfcn whereby they feize upon

their prey. Bro^un'i yul^ar Errours.

Apprehe'nsive. adj. [from apprehcHd.]

I. Quick to underiland.

And gives encouragement to thofe who teach
fuch 0ppreb(njivt fcholan, Hilder.

If confcience be naturaWy appreberfive and fjga-
cious', certainly we /iiould truli and rely upon the
repnrts of it. South.

z. Fearfult

The inhabitants of thii country, when I palTcd
through it, were extremely a^/iro!>f»/fi/« of feeing
Lomba'rdy the feat of w::r. AddiJ-n.

They are not at all apprchtnfme of evils at a
didance, nor tormented with the fearful profpeft
of what may befal them hereafter. 7ilkijcn.

3. Perceptive feeling.

Thought', my tormentors, arm'd with deadly
ftingj,
Manjic my af.prelrnj!t;etcr\<\crc& parts. Milltn,
Apprehe'nsivei.y. adv. [from appre-

l-en/i've.'] In an apprehenfive manner.
Appreh t'N'sivENKss. ». /". [fvom apprc-
henfive.] The quality of being appre-
henfive.

WhTca^ the vowels are much more diffirplt to
be taught, you will And, by falling upon them laft,
gieat h<ip by ihc apf rebenji'veneft already gained in
Ir.'-tvnv the conf"n.mts. Holder.

APPRE'NTICE. «./. [apprenti, Fr.] One
that is bound by covenant to ferve ano-
ther <jian of trade, fgr a certiMU term of

A P P

yeata, upon condiuon that the artificer,
or tradeiman, fhall, in the mean time,
endeavour to inllruft him in his art or
myftery. CciueU.

Li>ve rnjoined fuch diligence, tliat no apprentice,
no, no bond flave, could ever be more ready than
that young princefs was. Sidney,

He found him fuch an apprentice, as knew >veU
enough how to fet up for himfelf. Gotten,

This rule fcts the painter at liberty; it teaches
him, that he ought not to be fubjeft himfelf fer-
vilely, and be bound like an apprentice to the rules
ofljisait. DryditC t DuJT ejnoy .

To Appre'ntice. 'V. a. [from the noun.]
To put out to a mailer as an apprentice.

Him portjon'd maids, /r/>)&n-nrirV orphans blelt.
The young who labour, ana the old who reft.

Pofe.
Appre'nticehood. n.f. [from appren-
tice.] The years of an apprentice's fer-
vitude. .

MuftJ not ferve a long apprenticehood
To f-.rcign pafTagcs, and in the end.
Having my freedom, boaft of nothing elft
But that 1 was a journeyman to grief ,^ Sbukefp.

Appre'nticesiiip. n.f. [from appren-
tice.] The years which an apprentice is
to pafs under a mafter.

Jn every art, the iimpieft that is, there is an op'
prenticeffAp neCefTary, before it can be expected one
ihould work. Digby.

Many rulhed into the miniftry, as being the
only calling that they could profefs, without fcrv-
ing any r.pprenticejhip. South*

To A?PRi'zE. f. a. [apprettdre ; part,
appris, Fr.] To inform ; to give the
knowledge of any thing.

He conliders the tendency of fuch a virtue or
vice; he is well aj.prized, that the rcprefentation
of fome of thefe things may convince the under-
AanJing, and fotjw may terrify the confcience.

tVatH.

It is fit he be appriT^ed of a few things, that may
prevent his miHaking. Cbeytte

But if apprix'd of the fevere attack.
The couhtry be Ihut up, lur'd by the fcent^
On church-yard drear (inhuman to relate)
The difappointed prowlers fall. Tbon:fon»

To APPRO'ACH. -v. ft. [apprccier, Fr.]

1. To draw near locally.

'Tis time to look about: the powers of the
kin^d.^m approtub apace* Hhakejpeare*

We fuppi,le Ulyftcs approacbivg toward P.ily-
phcme. Br^omct

2. To draw near, as time.

Hark ! I hear tlie found of coaches.
The hour of attack afprf>ochfS. Gjy,

3. To make a progrefs towards, in the fi-
gurative fenfe, as mentally.

He fhall approaib unto me : for who is thii that
engaged his heart to approach unto me ?

yer. XXK. %i

To. have knowlecige in all the objedts of contem-
plation, is wliat the mind can hardly attain unto ;
the inl>anccs arc few of thofe who have, in any
mcafurc, approached towards it. Locke.

4. To come near, by natural affinity, or
refemblance ; as, the cat aj>prcac/ja to
the tiger.

To Appro'ach. <v. a.
I. To bring; near to. This fenfe is rather
French than Englifh.

This they will nimbly perform, if objcfted to
the cxtreir.es i but llowly, and not at ail, if ap-
proached unto their roots. Brcwn^s Vulgar Frrei>r:,

By plunging paper Uioroughiy In weak i'pirit of
wine, and approacting it to a candle, the fpirituoVia
parts wUl btirii, without harming the paper. Jijyle,

Approach d, and looking uo^iucath the fun.
He law proud Aivitc. Viydrn.

O a. To

A P P

•i. To come near to.

He «« an jdmiraUe poet, tni thought e*en to
have affroacbej Homer. ItiKfle.

ArPROACH. It./, [from the verb.]

1. The »a of drawing near.

It I Muld bid the fcventh welcome with in good
« heart as 1 can bid the other five farewel, I (hould
be gljd of his affroach. Shai. Mcrcb. afVmct.

*i*is with our fouls
As with our eyes, that after a long darknifs
Are dizzied at th' affrttcb of fudden light. Dtnb.

2. Accefs.

Honour hath in it the vantage ground to do good ;
the«^/r(»L-A to kings and principal perfons; and
the riifing of t man's own fortunes. Baccn.

3. Huftile advance.

For England his affnacba makes a> fierce
As waters to the fucking of a gulph. Sbairff.

4. Means of advancing.

AgaiiUl bclcagur'd hcav'n the giants move;
Hills pil'd on hills, on mountains mountains lie.
To make their mad affroachet to the (ky. DryA.
Appro'acher. »./ [^Irora approach.'] The
perfon that approaches or draws near.
Thou gav'ft thine ears, like tapftcrs, that bid
welcome,
To knaves and all apprcathcn. Sbalrfptart.

Appro'achment. n /. [from approach.]
The aft of coming near.

As for ice, it will not concrete but in the af-
pnatbment of the air, as we have made trial in
glafl'es of water, which will not cifily freeze.

Smm'i falgar Erreun.
Approba'tion. »./ [approiatio, La.i.]
1. The aft of approving, or expreffing
himfelf pleafed or fati»fied.

That not part me, but
By learnel apfroiution of my judges. Sbakefp.

8. The liking of any thing.

There is no politive law of men, whether received
by formal confent, as in councils, or by fecret ap-
frtintion, as in curtoms, but ni.iy be taken away.

licykcr.

The bare apfrobaUon of the worth and goodnefs
ef a thing, is not properly the willing of that thing ;
jet men do very commonly account i^ fo. Souib.

3. Atteftation ; fupport.

How many now in health
Shall drop their blood in approbation
Oi" what your reverence (hall incite us to.

Shaktfftare.

Appro'of. n. f, [horn approve, ^i proof
hompro've.] Approbation ; commend-
ation : a word rightly derived, but old.

O moil perilous mouths.
That bear in them one and the felf-famc tongue
Eitliei of condemnation or afprcof ! Shai'ff.

TcAppRo'peratk. -v. a. [appropero, Lzt.]
To hallen ; to fet forward. Dic7.

To Ap p no p 1' n (iu a t e. -i.'. a. [appropinguo,
Lat.] Todrawnigh unto; to approach.
To ApPROPrNQUE. a-. «. \_appropinjuo,
Lat.] To approach ; to draw near to.
A ludicrous word.

The clof.ed blood within my hofe.
That f.om my \v,>unded body flows,
WUh mortal crlfis doth portend
My days to apfn/'iiijur an end. Huctibras.

Appro'pri ABLE-.a-j). [from appropriate.]
That which may be appropriated ; that
which may be rearained tofomething
particular.

This conceit, applitd onto the original of man,

ar;d vhe beginning'of the wgrld, it more juftly af-

frcpriubU unto its end. Bntvn'i l^ulgir Erroun.

To APPRO'PRIATE. v. a. [approprier,

Fr. approprio, low Lat.]
I. To confign to feme particular afc or
pexfen.

A P P

Things fanflified were thereSy In fJch fort 0p-
fnfriauJ unto God, as tiiat they might never af-
terwards again be made common. H'.'-hr.

As fot this f;'0t of ground, this perfon, this
thing, 1 have fe'lefled and iipt"-ol,ria:id, I have
inclofedittomyfelfand myownule; and 1 wiU en-
dure no fiiarer, no rival, or companion init« Souib.

Some they affrofrialcH to the gods,
And fome to publick, Dme to private ends.

Rif common.

Marks of honour are epfr^fruiiM to the ma-
giftrate, that he might be invited to reverence
himfcU; Altirbury.

2. To claim or exercife ; to take to him-
felf by an exclufive right.

To thcmfelves a[>frofnarhg
The fplrit of God, piomis'd alike and giv'n
To all bcl'.eve.s. Milnn.

Why (Iiould people engrofs and approprtaie the
common bcnefiu of fire, air, and water, to them-
fclves ? VEJIravgc.

Every body clfe has an equal title to it ; and
therefore he cannot affrcfrhite, he cannot inclofe,
without the conl<!nt ot all his fellow commsners,
all mankind. -f-^^f-

3. To make peculiar to fomething ; to
annex by combination.

He need but be furniihed with verfes of facred
fcripture ; and his fyllem, that has afpropriatiJ
them to the orthodoxy of his church, makes them
immediately irrefragable arguments. Locke.

We, by degrees, get ideas and names, and learn
their appropriated connexion one with another.

4. In law, to alienate a benefice. See
Appropriation.

Before Richard 11. it was lawful to afpnpriate
the whole fruits of a benefice to any abbey, the
houfe finding one to fcrve the cure; that king re-
drelled that horrid evil. Ayliffe.

Appro-'priate. adj. [from the verb.]
Peculiar ; configned to fome particular
ufe or perfon ; belonging peculiarly.

He did inftitute a band of fifty archers, by the
name of yeomen of his guard ; and that it might
be thought to be rather a matter of dignity, than
any matter of diffidence affrcfriate to his own cafe,
he made an ordinance not temporary, but to hold
in fucceiliou for ever. Bac!.n.

The heathens themliilves had an apprelienfion of
the neccllity of fome apfnfriatt afls of divine
worlhip. StillirtgJIct.

Ap p ROP R 1 a't 10 N . H. /. [from appropri-
ate.]

1 . The application of fomething to a par-
ticular purpofe.

The mind ftiould have diftinft ideas of the things,
and retain the particular name, with its peculiar
aff rofriation to that idea. _ Lmke.

2. The claim of any thing as peculiar.

He doth nothing but talk ot his liorle, and make
a great nfpropriation to his good piits, that he can
ftioj him himfelf. Slakcffecrc.

3. The fixing a particular fignification to

a word.

The name of faculty may, by an apfnfr'.ethn
th.it difguifes its true fenfc, palliate the abfurdity.

Locke.

In law, a fevering of a benefice cccle-
fialHcal to the proper and perpetual ufe
of fome religious houfe, or dean and
ch.aptcr, billioprlck, or college ; becaule,
as perfons ordinarily have no right of
fee fimple, thefe, by rcafon of their per-
petuity, are accounted owners of the fee
fimple ; and therefore are called pro-
prietors. To an appropriation, after the
licence obt.iincd of the king in chan-
cery, the confent of the diocefan, pa-
tron, and incumbent, are neccfl'ary, if
the church be full : but if t!ic cimrch be

A P P

void, the diocefcn and the patron, upoa
the king's licence, may conclude. Cmuell.
Appropri a'tor. n.J. Ifrom appropriate]
He thit is poiTeiTed of an appropriated
benefice.

Thefe apf^r.prialcrs, by reafon of their perpetui-
tic, are accounted owners of the fee fimple ; and
therefore ate called proprietors. jiylife'tParfrg.

AePf-o'vAii.t. ac/J. [from apprai/e.] That _
which merits approbation.

The folid reafon, or confirmed eiperlence, of
any men, is very apfrivable in what profcfSon fo-
ever. Brywns Vulgar Errsun*

A p p R o'v A L . »r. / [ from approve. ] Appro-
bation : a word rarely found.

There is a cenfor of jufticc and manners, with-
out wh>fe approval no capital fentcnccs are to be
executed. Tcmp^,

Ap P Ro'v A N c E. ». / [from approve.] Ap-
probation : a word not much ufed.

A man of his learning ih' uld not fo lightly have
been carried away with old wives' talLS from afpro-
vance of his own rcafon. Spetijtrm

Should fhe feem
Soft'iiing the lead afprovame to bellow,
Their Colours burnifli, and, by hope infpir'd,
They bri/k advance. 1'ly,mfon.

To Appro've. "v. a. [approitver, Fr. ap-

probo, Lat.]
I. To like ; to be pleafed with.

There can be nothing pofTib'.y evil which Ccd
epprovetbt and that he approvttb much more than
he doth command. H'Mer,

What power was that, whereby Medea £aw.
And well appr&v^d, and prais'd the better courfe,
When her rebellious fcnfe did fo withdraw
Her feeble powrs, that fhe purfu'd the worfe ?

Davietm

z. To exprefs liking. -

It is looked upon as iiifolcnce for a roan to fet up

his own opinion againll that of fome learned doflor,

or otherwife approved writer. Locke*

To prove ; to Ihew ; tojuftify.

His meaning was not, that Archimedes could
fimplyin nothing be deceived ; but that he had in
fuch (oTl approval his Ikill, that he feemed worthy
of credit for ever after, in matters appcrt.nining
to the fcicnce he was Ikilful in. Hoiktr,

Id religion.
What damned errour, but fome fober brow
Will blefs it, and approve it with a text .> Sbakifp,

I'm forry
That he approver the common iiar, F.ime,
Who fpeaks him thus at Rome. Sbakefpeaie.

Would'ft thou approve thy conrtancy ? approve
Firft thy obedience. Milic*.

Refer all the adions of this fhort life to tliat
Hate which will never end ; and this will appro^ti
itlclf to be wifdom at the laft, whatever the world
judge of it now. TillotjTn.

If. To experience : not in ufe.

Oh ! 'tis the curfe in love, and iWWappm'd,
When women cannot love, where they're belov'd.

Shakefptari,
;. To make, or (how, to be worthy of ap-
probation.

The lirlt care and concern mud be to approve
himfelf to God Ly righteoufnefs, holimfs, and pu-
rity. R-gfrs.

6. It has c/ before the objeft, when it fig-
nifies to be plea/eJ, but may be ufed svith-
out a prepofition ; as, I approve your
letter, or, ^your letter.

1 (hewed you a piece .if black and white ftufT,

juft feiit from the dyer; w' icli you were pifafcd

tJ approve of, and be my cudomer for. Stoifi,

Appro'vement. n. f. [from approve.]

Approbation ; liking.

It IS certain that at the firft you were all of mjr
opini' n, and that I did nothing without your ap.
pmtmmt. ' lUypuard.

■ Arri^o VER.

3-

APR

AfPto'vtR.n./. [from affrivt.^

1. He that approves.

2. He that makes trial.

Their dtfciplins,
Now mingW with tlieir courages, will niak-

known
To thtir affrvaeri, they are poople fuch
As iin;nd up >n the worlj. Sbahffcarc,

3. In our common Ir.iv, one that, confeffing
felony of himfelf, appealeth or accufeth
another, one or more, to be guilty of the
fame : and he is called fo, becaufe he
muft prove what he hath alleged in his
appeal. Cc-u-e/l.

AprRo'xiMATE, ai/J. [from aJ, to, and
prcximus, near, Lat.] Near to.

Thcfe receive a quick coiiveiiwn, containing
abtroxhrate i'M^ohtioai unto animation.

Eryzun'i i'ulgar Errourj.

A P P R o X 1 M a't ion. a. /. [ from approxi-
mate.^

1. Approach to any thing.

Vqxo the latitude of Capiicorn, or the winter
fdlftice, it had been a fpring ; for, untjthat pofition,
it had been in a mtdvilc point, and that of afcent
or oppr^x'imat'i'.v. Brvwn'i Vulgar Errours,

The fiery region gains upon the inferi.mr ele-
ments ; a nccefl'ary confcquciit of the fuA^s gradual
apfrcximaihn towards the earth.

IhU's Origin of AlanJtird'

Qii.idrupcds arc better placed according to the

degrees of their approximation Co the homan Ihapc.

Crno^i Muf^um*

2. In fcience, a continual approach nearer
ftill, and nearer, to the quantity fought,
though perhaps without a poflibility of
ever arriving at it exaflly.

Appu'lse. »./ [afpul/us, Lat.] The afl
of ftriking againft any thing.

An heftic fever is tlic innate heat kindled into a
deftrudlivc fire, through the tf^^yZ/Jrof falinefteam^.

Ilarvty.

In vowels, the palTage of the mouth is open and
free, without any appulje of an organ of fpeech to
another : but, in all confonants, there is an ofpuljg
of the organs. Hcldir.

To A'tKic ATI. 01. n. [aprictr. Lit."] To
ba(k in the fun. Ditri.

Apri'city. ft./, [africitas, LiLt.] Warmth
of the fun; fun-ihine- Di<S.

A'pRicoT, or A'pricock. n, /. [from
apricus, Lat. funny.] A kind of wall-
frujt.

'A'pRil. n. /. [Aprilis, hat. Avril, Fr.]

The fourth month of the year, January

counted firft.

ylfril is rcfrefentcd by a young man in green,

' with a garland of myrtle and hawthorn bnds ; in

one hand primrofcs and violets, in the other the fign

Taurus. Peacham fin Draiuing.

Men are /ifril when they woo, fjctember when

they wed : Nla.ds arc May when they are maids,

but the Iky changes when thcv are wives*

Hbakij^ean' I yli y^u like it.

A'pp.o.v. n.f. [A word of uncertain ety-
mology, but lupjKjfcd by foine to be
^contracted from affre one.] A cloth hung
ibeforc, to):eep the other d/efs clean.

Cixe us gold, g )od Timon : haft tljcu more ?^
— ^-^— Hold up, you flui^
Your *j/r&«j mountant. Hlfiitfbtare.

The nobility think fcom to go in leit!i»r aprins.

Hl^flirj'peare.^
How might we fee FalftafF, and not ourfci'.es be
fecn > Put on two leather jerkins and afrom,

tfii wait u^n him ac Mn tabic a's drawers.

^ia'rrjptart.

APT

In thefe figures the veft is gathered up before
them, like an apron, which you aiuft fuppofe filkd
with fruits. /Udij'M.

A'pROs.n./. [in gunnery.] Apieceoflead
which covers the touch-hole of a great
^gun.

A'pRON of a goofe. The fat fkin which
covers the belly.

A'pRON-M AN. «.yr [from «/rj/i and man.]
A man that wears an apron ; a work-
man ; a manual artiiicer.

Vou have made good woi k,
You and your afron-mcn, tliat ftood fo much
Up<jn the voice of occupation, and
Tilt breath of garlick eaters. Sh.ihfprarf.

A'pRONED. a^'. [from «/;■«;;.] Wearing
an apron.
'I he cob;;r afrat'd, and the parfon gown'd.

Pope.
J'PSIS. n.f. apfides, plural. [i4.«.]

is applied, in aitronomy, to two points in the
orbits of planets, in which thry are at the greatell
and the lead dillance from the fun or earth. Tl:c
higher affii is more particularly denominated a.
pheiion, or apogee ; the lower, perihelion, or pe-
rigee. Ciamlnri.
If bodies revolve in orbits that are pietty near
circles, and the effidis of thefe orbits be fiieJ,
then the centripetal forces of thofc bodies will be
reciprocally as the fquares of the diftances. Chcync.
APT. adj. [apttds, Lat.]

1. Fit.

This fo eminent induftry in making profelytes,
more of that lex than of the other, groweth ; for
th.it they are deemed npi^r to ferve as inftruments
in the caufe. ylpter they are through the eagerncfs
ot their alfeflion ; apler through a natural incli-
nation unto piety; apicr through fundry opportu-
nities, &c. Finally, apiir through a fingular delight
which they take in giving very large and particular
intelligence how all near ibout them (land atteaed
as concerning the fame caufe. Hoakcr.

2. Having a tendency to ; liable to.

Things natural, as long as they keep thofe forms
which give them their being, cannot polTibly be apt
or inclinable to do otherwife than they do. Ho-jker.

My vines and peaches on my beft fouth w.Jls
were apt to have a foot or fmuttincfs upon thcii
leaves and fruits. Tttrpit

3. Inclined to; led to ; difpofcd to.

You may make her yon love telieve it ; which,

I warrant, (he is aptcr to do, than confcfs (he does.

i^hjktfpeare I jls you likt it.

Men arc apt to think well of themfelver, and
of their nation, of their course and llrcngtb.

T.inplt.

One, who has not thefe lights, is a ftranger to
what he reads, and aft to put a wrong interpreta-
tion upon it. Mdifon.

Even thofe who ate near the court, are apt to
dcdutt wrong confequences, by reafoning upon the
motives of adlions. Snvifi.

What we have always feeh to Le done in oi.e

manner, we are apt to imagine there was but that

»one way. ■ _ Beniky.

4. Ready; quick: a;, an />// wit.

1 have a lif^rt as little apt as yours,
Biit yet a brain that leads my ufe 01 anger
To better vantage. Sbakrfpeare.

;. Qualified for.

'Ihofe brothers had a whils fcrvcd the kin:;
in watj whereunto they were only apt. Sidn.y.

All that were ftrong an4 apt for war, even them
die kiijg of Bakyjon brought captive to Babyl jn.

1 King!.
To Apt. 1/. a. [apto, Lat.]
I . To ("uit ; to adapt.

We need a man that knows the fevcral graces
Of hiflory, and how to apt their places;
Where brevity, where fplendour, and where height,
Where fwectncfs is required, and where weight.

Ecn Jtrtjin,

A Q^U

In foms pondj, apted for it by nature, they be-
come pikes. tfalton^

2. To fit ; to qualify ; to difpofe ; to pre-
pare.'

The king is melaneholy,
Apted for any ill iaipicffiojjs. JJatham's Ssp'-y,

ToA'pTATE. v. a, [apiattim, Lat.] To
make fit.

To aptate a planet, is to ftrengthen the plann
in po/ition of houle and dignities to the greateit
advantage, in order to bring about the defired end.

Bailey,
A'pTiTUDE. n.f. [French.]

1 . Fitiicfs.

Thii evinces its perfeft aptitude and fitnefs for
the end to which it was aimed, the plmting and
noutilhing all true virtue among men.

Pecay of Pitty.

2. Tendency.

In an aborcion, the mother, beddes the fruftra-
tion of her hopes, ac^ires- an aptitude to mifcany
C)r the future. 0ecay of Piety.

3. Difpofition.

He that is about children, (hould (^udy their nJk
tures and aptitude;, what turna they ealily takf, «nd
what becomes them ; what tlieir native ftock iS,
and what it is fit for. l,ocke.

A'pTLV. adii. [from apt.]
1. Properly; with juil conqec^ion, or cor-
refpondpnce ; fitly.

That part
Was aptly fitted, and naturally perform'd.

Sbakejpeare,
But what the oiafs nutritious does divide !
What makes them aptiy to the limbs adhere,
In youth increafe them, and in age repair ?

£!ael;m<ire,
z. Juftly ; pertinently.

irensus very apt/y remarks, that thofe nations,
who were not poiiell of the golpcls, had the fame
accounts of our Saviour, wiiich are in the Evan-

gclifts. Addijoti. .

3. Readily ; acutely ; as, he learned his

bufinels very aptly.
A'pTNESS. n.f. [irom apt.]

1 . Fitnefs ; fuitablenefs.

The nature of every law muft be judged of hy
the uyir.ejz of things. tlvsrein prefcribcd, unto th*
famo end. Hoiktr.

There arc antecedent and independent aptncjfes
in things ; with refpcft to which, they are fit to .
be comtjiaiided or foibidden. Nonis's Mifccll.

2. DifpoCtion to any thing; of perfons.

The nobles receive fo to heart the banilhmcn.t
of that worthy Coriolanus, that they arc in a ripe
aptnefs to tak'^ ill power from the people. Sbakejp, '

3. Quicktit-fs 'of apprehenfioa ; readinef*
to learn.

What (hpvjid be the itptn-fs of t>irds, in comp«->
rifon c^bealt'S] to imitati; Ijieech, may be enquired,.

Bacon. '

4. Tendency; of things.

Some feeds of goodnefs ij^ve him a rolKh of fuch
reflexions, as hivo ai; stptnefi to improve the mind.

_^ddiJor.

Ap'tote. n.f. [of a and •btYis-k;.] a noua
which is not declined v.ifh cafes.

A'^A. n.f. [Latin.] A word fignifying
t.vatcr, very much ufed in chyraical wri-
tings,

ASniA FORTIS. [Latin.] A corrofive H-
qiior, made by dillilling purified nitre
with calcined vitriol, or rcflificd oil of
vitriol in a llrmig heat : the liquor, which.
rifcs in fumes red as blood, being col-
leftcd, is the fpirit of nitre, or aaiiafortis ;
which ferves as a menftruum for diffolv-
ing of filver, and all other metals, ex.
cept gold. iJut if fea fait, or fal am-.
O 2 muoLacHi

A Q^U

moniack, be added to ajua forlii, it
commences <iy«a rigia, and will then
dilfolve no metal but gold. Chambers.

The diffilving oC filver in aqua fartit, and gold
in aqua rtgia, and nolviccverja, would not be dit-
ficuit to know. Luekt.

J^A MARINA, nf the Italian lafidaries,
is of a fca or blui(h green. This ftone
feems to me to be the beryllus of Pliny.

" Woodiuard.
A^AMIRABILIS. [Latin.] The wok
de.-ful water, is prepared of cloves,
galangals, cubebs, mace, cardomums,
nutmegs, ginger, and fpirit of wine,
digefted twenty-four hours, then diftilled.
A'^A REGIA, ox AS^A REGALIS.
[Latin.] An acid water, fo called be-
caufe it diffolves gold, the king of me-
tals. Its eflential ingredient is coramoi^
fea fait, the only fait which will operate
on gold. It is prepared by mixing com-
mon fea fait, or fal ammoniack, or the
fpirit of them, with fpirit of nitre, or
common aqua fortis. Chambers.

He adds to his complex idea of gold, that of
fixrdnefs or folubility in aijua rigia. I.ncke.

J^A-FITjE, [Lmw.] It is commonly
underllood of what is otherwife called
brandy, or fpirit of wine, either fimple
or prepared with aromaticks. But fome
appropriate the term brandy to what is
procured from wine, or the grape ; aqua-
-vita, to that drawn after the lame
manner from malt. Chambers.

I will rather truft a Fleming with my butter, an

Irilhman with my aqua vita bottle, or a thief to

walk with my ambling gelding, than my wife

with herfelf. Sbakiffcare.

Aqua'tick. adj, \aquaticus, Lat. from

aqua, water.]

1. That which inhabits the water.

The vaft variety of worms found in animals, as
well terrelhial as aqaatkk, are taken into their
bodies by meats and drinks. Ray on thiCrtathn.

Brutes may be confidercd as Either aerial, ter-
rtftrial, equalkk, or amphibious. Aquauck are
thofe whofe conftant abode is upon the wamr. Locke.

2. Applied to plants, that which grows
in the water.

1 v)... ..»fc.-. .

Flags, and fuch like aquatik!, arc bed dedroycd
by draining. M:rnmcr'! H-.iJhandry.

A'<y 4TILE. «<^. [fly«i3/////, Lat.] That
which inhabits the water.

Wt behold many milliTOs of tlie aquatile or
water frog in ditches and Handing plaftics.

Brr^vn^s l^ulg^ir Ernun.
A'ctUEDUCT. M. /. \aquA-duSiiis, Lat.] A
conveyance m^de for carrying water
from one place to another ; made on
uneven ground, to prefervc the level of
the water, and convey it by a canal.
Some aquedi.^s are under ground, and
others above ii fupported by arches.

Among the remains of old Rome, the grandeur

'of -tkE commonwealth (hews itfelf ch.cfly ir. trm-

plrs, highways, aquidu^i, walls, and bridges of th ■

city. Adi'jiv.

Hither the rills of water arc convcy'd
In curious aqutiulti, by nature 1 lid
To carry all the humour. Blackmore.

A'qjJEOUs. adj. [from aqua, water, Lat.]
Watery.

The vehement fire rwjuifite to its fufion, forced
^Lvyay all the aqueous and fugitive moiilure.

Ray en lit Crtelhn.

A'<jjJF.ousNES5. «. / [uquofitas, Lat.]
Watcriflinefs.

A R B

A'quiLlKE. eid/. [aquilinus, Lat. from
aquila, an eagle.] Refcmbling an eagle ;
when applied to the nofe, hooked.

His nofe was aquUint, his eyes were blue,

Ruddy hit lips, and frefli and fair his hue. Drjd.

Gryps fignifies fome kind of eag'e or vulture j

from whence the epithet gryfui lat an hooked or

aquiiixe nofe. Br>^r,.

Aquo'sE. adj. [from aqua, Lat.] Watery ;

having the qualities of water. Diii.

^Aq^oo'sity. n.J'. [from aquoje.'\ Wateri-

*' nefs. Dia.

A. R. anna regni ; that is, the year of the

reign: as, A. R. G. R. 20. Anno regni

Georgii regis -vigejimo, in the twentieth

year of the reign of king George.

A'rable. rt<^'. [troma'ro, Lat. to plough.]

Fit for the plough ; fit for tillage ; pro-

dudlive of corn.

His eyes he opcii'd, and beheld a field.
Part arable, and tilth ; whereon were fljeavcs
New reap'd. MiUtn.

"lis good for arable, a glebe that alks
Tough teams of oxen, and laborious talks.

Dryitn.
Having but very little arable land, they are forced
to fetch all their corn from foreign countries.

AdSjon,

ARACHNOI'DES. n.J. [from «e»X">' ^
fpider, and i.l'^, form.]

1. One of the tunicks of the eye, fo called
from its refemblance to a cobweb.

As to the tunicks of the eye, mar.y things
might be taken notice of J the prodigious finenels
of the aracbtiiides, the acute fenle of the retina,

Derham.

2. It is alfo a fine thin tranfparent mem-
brane, which, lying between thi: dura
and the pia mater, is fuppofed to inveft
the whole fubftance of the brain.

Chambers.
ARArCNEE. n.f. [French.] A term in
fortification, which fometimes denotes a
branch, return, or gallery of a mine.

Dia.
Ara'neous. adj. [from aranea, hs-X.. a
cobweb.] Refembling a cobweb.

The curious arancous membrane of the eye con-
ftringeth and dilatethit, and fovarieth its focus.

Derham.

Ara'tion. B./ [aratio, Lat.] The aft or

praftice of ploughing.
Ar a'tory. adj. [from aro, Lat. to plough.]

That which contributes to tillage. Z>«».
A' R B a L I s T . H. /. [from anus, a bow, and

balij}.3, an engine to throw ilanes.] A

croifs-bow.

It is reported by William Brito, that the arcu-
bali;la, nr arbalift, wa. firrt (hewed to the French
by our king Richard the firft, who was fiiortly after
fliin by a quarrel thereof. Camden.

A'RBITER. n.f. [Lat.]
I. A judge appointed by the parties, to
'whofe determination they voluntarily
fubmit.

He would put himfelf into the king's hands,
and make him i.rbiier of tlic peace. Bao^n.

z. One who has the power of decifion or
regulation ; a judge.

Next him, high arbiter,
Chance govi-rns all. Ardfin.

His m.ijefty. In this great conjucfture, fcems to
be generally allowe I for the folc arbiter of the af-
fairs of Chriftendora. Tim/ If.
A'rbitrable. adj. [from arbitror, Lat.]
Arbitrary ; depending upon the will.

A R B

The ordinary revenue of a parfonig* 'u ui laoif
called the glebe } in tythe, a fet part of our goods
rendered to God ; in other offerings beRowcd upon
God by the people, cither in fuch arhiirabte pro-
portion as theii own devotion rooveth them, or a»
the laws or cuftoms of particular placet d > require
them. Sfetman.

Arbi'trament. n. /. [from arbitror,
Lat.] Will ; determination ; choice.
This Ihould be written arbitrement.

Stand fad I to (tand or fall,
Free in thine own arhurament it (lands ;
Pcrfeft within, no outward aid require, -
And all temptation to iranfgrefs rcpd. Miltm.
A'rbitrarily. ad-j. [from arbitrary.'\
With no other rule tliin the will ; de-
fpotically ; abfolutely.

He gnvi-mcd arh'nranly, he WM expelled, and.
came to the dcferved end of all tyrants. Dryien.
Arbitra'rious. adj. \ixaxaarbitrarms.\
Lat.] Arbitrary; depending on the will.
Tbcfeare ftanding and irie.ealable truths, fuch
as have no piecatious exilicnce, or ari.r'^risxs de-
pendence upon any will or uuderftanding whajfo-
ever. iVjrra.

Arbitra'riousi.y. ad'V. [from arhitra-
rious.'] Arbitrarily ; according to mere
will and pleafure.

Where wo, js are impofed arhltrariuifiy, diftorted
from their common ufe, the mind muft be led
intJ mifprifion. Glanvillt.

A' R B I T R A R Y . adj. [arbitrarius, Lat. ]

1 . Defpotick ; abfolute ; bound by no lawt
following the will without relbaint. It
is applied both to perfons and things.

In vain the Tyrian queen refi^ns her life
For the challe glory of a virtuous wife,
If lying bards may falfc amours rehearfe.
And blaft her name with arbitrary verfe. Waljb.

Their regal tyrants (hall with bluflies bide
Their little lufts of arbiirary pride,
Nor bear to fee their vafl.ils ty'd. _ _ Prior,

2. Depending on no rule ; capricious.

It may be perceived, with w'.iat infccurity we

afctibc ctfeiSs depending on the natural period

of tim«, unto arbiirary calculations, and fuch as

vary at pleafure. Bnivn's Vulgar Errouri.

To A'rbitrate. 'v.a. [arbitror, Lat.]

1 . To decide ; to determine.
This might have bc;n prevented, and made

whole,
With very cafy arguments of love.
Which now the manage of two kingdoms muft
With fearful bloody ilfue arbitrate, Shakefftare,

2. To judge of.

Yet waerc an equal poife of hope and fear
Does arbitrate th' event, my nature is
That I incline to hope, ra;her than fear. Mdton.

To A'rbitrate. v. n. To give judg-
ment.

1^ did arbitrate upon the feveral reports ot Icn e,

not like a drowfv judge, only hearing, but alfo

directing thrir verdict. *'""*•

A'rbitrariness. «./. [from arbitrary.]

Defpoticalnefs ; tyranny.

He tint by hanhncfs of naure, and arbilrarinef$
of commands, ufcs his children hke fcivanrs, i»
what ihev mean by a tyrant. lem/'l'. .

ARBiTRA'rioN.n./ [from ar*/Vfor, Lat.]
The determination of a caufe by a judge
mutually agreed on by the parlies coa-
tending.
Arbitra'tor. n.f. [from arbitrate.}
I. An extraordinary judge between party
and party, chofen by their mutual con-
fent. C'"^-^^'-

Be a good foMier, or upright tru/lee,
Ai arbi^rat^r from corrupt, m I'rce. Dryden.

z. A gover uor ; a prefident.

" 1 bou jh

A R B

Though heiv'n be Aut,
And h?av'n\ h'gh arliiraror fit fecure
In his own llicngth, tliis pUca may be cxpos'J.

Milton.

3. He that has the power of prefcribing to
others without limit or coiitroul

ARC

A-k C

An ther Blenheim or Ramiilics wi!i make the
conrideiatcs maftsrs of thcir own terms, and ar-
biirann of a peace. jUJif^ 3„ tht Siau -fthe War.

4. The determiner ; he that p«jts an end
to any afFair.

Bu: now the arbhralor nf defpairs,
Ju!l dea-h, kind umpire of man's mifeie?,
With fweet enlargement doth difmifs me hence.

Sbakifpcari.
The end crowns a!l ;
And that old common arbitrator, time,
\\\\ one day end it. Skai4ptar,.

Arbi'trement. n. /. [from arbitror,
Lat.]

1. Decifion ; determination.

I known tiie knght is inccnfcJ againft ynu, ever
to a mortal artitrcmati ; but nothing of the cir
cumftance more. Sbattfpeare.

We of the offending fije
Muft keep al jof from ftriil arbhrcmer.t. Shjhfb.

Aid was granted, and the quarrel brought to the
arl.:„faM of the fwjrd. Uayward.

2. Conipromife.

Lukewarm p^:rl -ns think they may accommo-
date p«r ts of religion by middle ways, and «itfy
rccorcilcments ; as if they would make an arbi-
trtment between God and man. Bacon.

A'rborary. adj. [artorariui, Lat.] Be-
longing to a tree. /)/^
A'RaoRET. a. f. {arbor, Lat. a tree.] A
fmall tree or (hrub.

tiaarbirit w th painted blofToms died,
And fmelling fweet, but there it might be found.
To bud out fair, and her Iweet fme;ls throw ali
around. Fairj S^uun.

Now hid, now feen,
Among thick woven arhartti, and flow'rs
Imbroider'd on each bank. Miltcn.

Arbo'reous. a.'ij. [arbureiis, Lat.]

1. Belonging to trees; conlHtuting a tree.

A grain of mufljrd ice ,mes arbmrj!. Er.^vr..

2. A term in botany, to diilingaifh fuch
fungufes or mo/res as grow upon trees,
from thofe that grow on the ground.

They fpeak properly, who make it an SbZ?!',
cjcrefcence, r-r rather a Japerplant bred 01 a ,if.
couj and fuprriuou. loop, which the tree itfcif
cannot all.n.ulate. £.<«,„•, r„/^^r Err.ur,

A RBORIST. „./. [arhriji^. Fr. from ar-
tor, a tree] A naturalilt who maKe.
trees his ftudy.

The nature of the mulberry, which the arbcrifh
obferve to oe ionj in the begerting his buds : b.t
the CO d feafons oeing pall, h,r (hoot, them all ou-
'" " "'*•''=• //»W. nr„/ Fcr.l}.

A R EOROus. aJj. [from arbor, Lat. ] Be-
longing to a tree.

frim under Ihiiy arbtnui roof
S«>n as they forth were come to open fight
01 day-ff ring, and the fun. Mi/tcn.

A'r bou r . ;,./ [from arbor, a tree. 1 A
bo«,er ; a place covered with green
branches of trees.

N>, > u Ihah fee mine orchard, where, in an
"';■' ■ -i-l "c a uft year", pipyin of my om
1 ' ' J r . . ShakilLurc

' ■ •'"•'»l»0": thou, where c'ho.cc

'■■ '^"^ "Tf ft needs, whether to wind

' jund this arbtur, or direit

1 n^ , ...Ij.ir.g ,vy where to cim.b, M-Jion.

A * :y'y-^'\' }""■ '"'■i«''"'rb=yr, made.
And Jof frefl, „'n,ng air the op'iwr gUde, DrjJ.n.

Arbopr tine. »./ Afpccies of bind-
weed ; which fee.

A'r Bu sc L E. «.j: [arbu/cula, Lat.] Any
little fhrub. '^ £,^J

A'rbute. »./ [arbutus, Lat.]
T 1*"^""', '"■ ''"'•^''=f'-y-trec, grows common in
Ireland, it is difficult to be railed from th.- feeds
but may be propagated by layers. It grows to j
goodly tree, endures our climate, imlels the wea-
ther be very fevere, and makes beautiful hedges.
„ , , „. Mortimer's Hujbandry.

Kough arJa/f flips into a hazel bough
Are oft ingrafted ; and good apples g,ow
Out of a pfein tree ftock. Mafs yirril.

Arc. „./. [arcus.Lzl.] ^

1. A fegment ; a part of a circle; not
more thart a femicircle.

Their fcgments, or arcs, for the moft part, ex-
ceeded not the tiurd part of a circle.

2. An arch.

Load lome vain church with old theatrick ftate.
Turn arrj of triumph to a garden-gate. J^op^.

Arca de. » /. [French.] A continued

arch ; a walk arched over.
Or call the winds ;hrough long arcadt, to roar,

Prouj tj catch coM at a Venetian door. P,p,
JRCa'NUM. n.f. i„ the fluraUtCMH.A

Latin word, fignifying a fecret.
ARCH. «./ [«%«/, Lat.J

1. Part of a circle, not more than the
half.

The mind perceives, that an arch of a circle Is
lefs th^n the whole ,circle, as clearly as it does tli-
Idea of a circle.

2. A building open below and clofed
above, landing by the form of its own
curve, ufed for bridges and other work';.

Ne'er through an arcb lo hurried the blown tide,
As the recomtorted through the gates. Shairjp.

Let Rome 11, Tiber melt, and the wide arci
Of the ms'd empire fall ! here is my fpace.

«,. , _ Ubiik'fpeare.

1 he royal fquadron marches,
Ereft triumphal <,rri«. Dryden, Alhkn.

3. Ine Iky, or vault of heaven.

Hatii nature given them eyes
- I o fee this vaulted arcb, and the lich c.pe

Or fea an J land? Sbak.Jfcare.

4. From [aj;;©..] A chief: obfolete.
The noble duke, my maftcr,

iWy worthy arcb and patron comes to-night.
.T* A .. ^bakijpcare.

/oArch. -v. a. [areuo,Lu.]

1 . To build arches.

The nations of the field and wood
Bmld on the wave, or arch beneath the fand. Pofe.

2. To cover with arches. «.

Gates or monarchs
Arc arcb'dCo high, that giants may get through.

XI, 1 • ... Sbaktfptare.

The proud river which makes her bed at he-
feet, IS ^chcd over with fuch a curious pile of
ftoncs, that confidering the rapid courfe of th<
deep dream that roars under it, it may well take
p a.e among the wonders of the world. iJnoci

3. To form into arches.

Fine devices of arcLtng water without fpilline
and making it rifc in leveral forms of feathers
and drinking-glafTes, be pretty things to look . n,
but nothing to health and Iwccincr . Baccin

-IRCH. aJj. [from x^-xp-, chief.],

I. Chief; 0/ the firil ciafs.

1 lie tyrannous and b,or,dy afl is done j
Toe moft arcb deed of pitcois malTacre,
1 hat ever yet this land was guilty of. Skaifff.

'I h'--re IS Ijiriing up
An heret-rk, an arcb one, Cranmer. Slakcfp.

2. Wagg.fh ; mirthful; triflingly milchic-
V0U5. This fignification it fteais to have

gained, by being frequently applied 1*
the boy moft remarkable for hii ptaun;.
as, the arc/j rogue ; unlels it be derived.
from Jrc/yy, the name of the jciler to>
Charles 1.

Eugenio fet out from the unive (i y j he h;id
the reputation of an arcb lad at I'choul. Siuip.

Arch, in compofition, fignifies chief, or
of the firft clafs [from H^x^' or «?X''] i
as, archangel, arcbiijhop. It is pro-
nounced varioally with regard to the cL,.
which before a conlbnant found as in
cheefe, as archdeacon ; before a vbwet
like k, as archangel,
Archa'ngel. n.f. [archangelut, Lu.1
One of the higheft order oi angels.

Hii form had yet not loft
All its original b.Ightnefs, nor appear'd-
l.cfs than arriian^f/ ruin'd, and the excefs
Of glory obfcur-d. Mi/tcn^

Tis lure th' archangel's trump I hear,
Nature's great palTing-bcU, the only call
Of God's that will be heard by all. Narris,

Archa'ngel. n.f. \lamium, Lat.] Thfr

name of a plant, called ailb Dead nettle.
Archance'lick. adj. [from archaiigel.\
Belonging to archangels.

He ce is'd, and the arcbangil'ick pow'r prepar'd
For Iwift defccnt ; with him the cohort bright
Ol warchi'ul cherubim. Mdton.-

Archbjj'acon. n.f. [from arch and bea-
con.] The chief place of profpeft, or of
fignaL

. yo" "»il win the top of the Cornilh arebl-racotf
Hainborough, which may for profpcil cimpaie
with Rama in Paleftina. Careiv.

Archbi'shop. n.f. [from arch and bi~
fhop.] A bidiop of the firll clafs, who-
luperintends the condufi. of other bilhops-
his fuffraganst

Cia.imer is return'd witfi welcome,
Injlall'd lord archbijhcp of Canterlniry. Shakefp.-
T he archbipop was the known architcdl of this
"^* '■"'"'-■■k. Clarendon.

Arghei'shoprick. «. / [from arch-
bijhip.y The ftate or juriWiaion of an-
archoifliop.

'Tis the cardinal ;
And merely to revciigi him oh the emperor.
For no; beljowing on him, at his alking.
The archbijhcprkk of Toledo, this is porpos'd,
_,. „ Shakcfteare.

I h:s excellent man, from the time of his pro-
motion to the archbijhi,prkk, underwent the envy
and malice of men who agreed in nothing elfe.

Clarfrdon*
Archcha'nter. n.f. [from arch znA--

chanter.] The chief chanter.
Archde'acon. «./ {archidiaconus,!^^^.^
One that fupplies the biftiop's place and-
offict in Inch matters- as do belong to
the episcopal funftion. The law ftyles
him the bifhop's vicar, or vicegerent.

Ayliffe s Purergon.

Left negligence might foilt in ..bufes, an arch-

' dtaccu was appointed to takeaccountof their doings.

Carfiv's Suri'ty,
AxcHDE'ACOMRy. „.f, [oi-chidiaconattu ^
Lat.] The office or jurifdidlion of ar>
archdeacon.

It oweth lul jeflion to the m-tropolitan of Can-,
terbury, asJ hath one only archdtaranry.

Carczu's Survey.
.-iRCHDE'ACON-SHtP. n.f. [froiH arch-

deaccn.] The office of an archdcaon.
Archdu'k,e.»._/: laichidux:.h:a.\ A title

given-

ARC

'■given to fotue fovereign prince's, as of
.»\allria and Tufcany.

J'niiip aiib4ukt <il' Aurtil.1, during hia vrijajc

.from Uie NctherUni^ touvjijs Sjf-iin, wi^ v.calUer-

tiiiveii lilto Weymouth. Cart'iv^i Snrt-y.

Ao.H Dv'cHKSs. n. f, [from arch iind

iiud'efs.^ A title glvsn to the fifler or

daughter of the arcliJuke 4)f Autlria, or

to the wife of an archduke of I'ufcany.

Aroh-tjiii.o'jophfr. n. f. [from arch

.and.fi.'io/cfier.] Cllief philofopher.

►It is no iinprobjble opinion therrlnre, w'-.idi the
^arcb-^bUojef h<r v^ai off that the chtcfeft ptrfjn in
every houlehjld vti> tlwavs a it wcr; a.king.

Hcker.

.AtkCH-PRE'LATE. ti. f. [froin arch and
prelate. ] Chief prelate.

May wc not w nJcr, tint a man of St. BjCiI's
authority and quality^ ^niarcb-f relate in the hr^ufc
of God, fhouU have bis name tar and wide cillcd
In qucAion ? Hcckir.

Arch-pre'sbvter. «./ [from arch and
/re/iyier.] Chief pre/by ter.

Ai fimpte deacons arc in luijjcClion to prefby-
ters, According to the canon law ; To arc a'fo prel'-
bytcrs and anb-frijiyttn in fubjeiJlion tJ thefc
archdiacons. jlylifft's Parirgan.

Arch-pri'est. ». /. [from arcb and
priefi.'\ Chief prieii.

Titc word dccanus was extended, to an ecc!efi-
allical dignity, which included the arch-prhjii.

Ayltffe'i Parergofi.

Arch aio'locy. n./. [from tifj^ai©'., an-
cient, and x<;-/&-, a difcourfe.] A dif-
courfe on antiquity.

Arch aioi.o'gi cK. atf/. [from archaic-
logy.'\ Relating to a diicourfe on anti-
quity.

A'rchaism. n. f. [a{;^;a>5'//05.^ An an-
cient phrafe, or mode of expreflion.

I fhjiil never ufc arcbaifm^, like Milt->n. If^attf,
t^'f-CHto. participial adj. [from To arch.]
Bent in the form of an arch.

1 Tec how thine eye would emulate the dia-
xn:>nd ; thou hail the right ari-i.i/ bent of the brow.

Sbahjjieare.
Let the arched knife,
•Well flwrpen'd, now aiVail the fpreadlng Aides
Of vegetables. fhilifs.

A'«CHER. n.f. [archer, Fr. from arcus,
.L.it. a bow.] He that (hoots with a
"boiV.; he that carries a bow in battle.

Draw, arcbtr\j draw your arrows to the head.

Shakcjpeiiri.
This Cupid is no longer an archtr ; his glory
Jhall be ours, for wc^src the o/ily love-gods.

^'b.ikijjitare.
Thou frequent hring'ft the fmitten deer ;
.For feldom, itrchtn fay, thy arrows err. Prhr.
i'xcHERY. n. f. [(roxa. arch&i-,'\
jt . The ufc of the bow.

Ammj the Englfli artillery,ai-fi<r;j: challengeth
the pre-emin;nce, as peculiar to our nation.

Cantiiifj.

#. Tiie aft of (hooting with the bow.

Flower of this purple dye,
Hit with t'upiJ's arcbtrf.
Sink in apple nf his eyr !

i.baleff!Arc'i Midf. Nigbt'i Drtfm.

3 . The art of an archer.

Bli-il feraphims (hall leave th-ir quire,
And turn love's foldiers upm thee,
To »i-rcife their arcbtrj, C'ufiiaui'i Hiefs loTtmfk.

S»y from what golden quivers of the Jky
Do all thy wing'-i ar«i>w» tiy ?
S vjftnc'5 and p /.ver by birth a-c thine.
'T'l- 1 biMicve tills ar.bcry to flicw,
"Tbat St> much cjll m colours thou

ARC

And Tall in painting dotl beftn*

Upon thy ancient arms, the gaudy heavenly bow.

A'rch t»-couRT. n.f. [(rotn archei and
ccurt."] The chief and mort ancient con-
fiftof y that belongs to the archbilhop of
Canterbury, for the debating of fpi-
ritual caufes, fo called from Bo*v-church
in London, where it is kept, whofe top
is raifci of (lone pillars, built archivi/e.
The judge of this court is termed the
dean of the arches, or ofHcial of the
arches-court : dean of the arches, bccaufe
with this ofiice is commonly joined a
peculiar jurifdidlion of thirteen parilhes
in London, termed a deanery, being
exempted from the authority of the bi-
fliop of London, and belonging to the
archbifnop of Canterbury ; of which
the parifli of Bow is one. Some others
fay, th.it he was (irft called dean of the
arches, becaule the olficial to the arch-
bilbnp, the dean of the arches, was his
fubilitute in his court ; and by that
means the names became confounded.
The jurifdiflion of this judge is ordi-
nary, and extends through the whole
province of Canterbury : fo that, upon
any appeal, he forthwith, and without
any further examination of the caufe,
fends out his citation to the party ap-
pealed, and his inhibition to the judge
from whom the appeal is made. Coxvell.

A'rch ETYPE. a. /. [archciypnm, Lat.]
The original of which any refemblance
is made.

Our fouls, though they might have perceived
images themfelves by fimple I'er.fe, yet it feems
inconceivable, how they Ihould apprehend their
art h^tyfes. ClanviiWs Scepji:,

As a [iian, a tree, arc the outward objefts of
our perception, anJ the outward anbetypci or pat-
terns of our ideas ; fo our fcnfations of hunger,
cold, arc aifo inward archetypn or patterns of our
ideas. But the notions or pi^ures of thcfe things,
as they a^e in the mind, are the idea.

IVatii's Ligki.

Arche'typal. a.-f/. [archcfyfus, Lat.]
Original ; being a pattern from which
copies are made.

'I hroiigh contempt iticn's opticks I have fecn
Him who is fairer tlian the fons of men :
The f^urce of good, the V'ghi arcbetypai. Ncrrh.

ARCHKUS. n.f. [probably from i^x^-l
A word by which Paracelfus feems to
have meant a power that prefides over
the animal cccononiy, diftinft from the
rational foul.

Arch I D I a'con A L. adj. [from archidia-
cor.us, Lat. an archdeacon.] Belonging
to an archdeacon ; as, this offence is
liable to be ccnfured in an arcbidiaconal
vifitation.

Arch I EPi's COPAL, adj. [horn archiepifco-
piis, Lat. an archbilliop.] Belonging to
an archbi(\iop ; as, Canterbury is an ar-
chiepij'copat {ce ; the (ufFragans are fub-
jail to arfZi»>///(-o/«/ jurildiftion.

A'RCHITECT. r.f. [architeaus. Lit.]

1. A profeffor of the art of building.

The arcbiitfl'i glory confifts in the dcfignment
and idea of the work ; his ambition Ihould be to
make the form triumph over the matter. iV-iU'/it,

2. A contriver of a building ; a builder.

ARC

The haSy ma'.titu!:
-Admiring enterd, and t!ie «o.k feme p>»f!^.
And f imc the artbitfB : his baud was known
In hesv'n, by many a tow'icd ft.-udure h'gh.
Where fcepter'd angcli held their rc/idcnce,
And fat as princes. Afu'l.it.

3. The contriver or former of aiiy com-
pound body.

I'his ir^.cnvvSnlencte Ac iWine. arcbiteB of the
body obviaceJ. Kay <m lie Creaikn.

4. The contriver of any thing.

An irreligious Moor,
Chief arcbiirfl and plotter of th'fe woes. Skejiefp,
Archite'ctive. adj. [from archiieJl,"\
That performs the works of architeilure.

How could the bodies of many of tiiem, par-
ticularly the la{l meationcd, be furoiOied with
arcb'nt^'ive materials ? Derb. Pb)Jicu'7be'-l'>^,

Arch iTEcro'Ni«K. adj. [from a^;^®-,
chief, and Ti'xrii, an artificer.] That
which has the po>ver or (kill of an ar-
chiieft ; that which can build or form
any thing.

'1 o fay that fome more fine part of either, or
all the hypoftaiical principle, is the architeft of
this elaborate ilrudlure, is to g've occaiion to de-
mand what proportion of the t;ia prima afforded
this architifl^nkk fpirit," and what agent made to
flcilful and h :p;^y a mixture. Boyle,

A R c H I T e'c t u r e . «. /." [architei3ura,LAl.l

1 . The art or fcience of building.

Arch'nefiure is divided into civil mcbiteHare,
called by way of eminence arcbiteflure ; military
arcbiteSture, or fortilication ; and naval arcbitu-^
turey which, befides building of ihips and vefTcis,
includes alio ports, moles, Hocks, ^c, Chambtru

Our fathers next in arcbircfture rttiird.
Cities for ufe, and forts for fafeiy build :
Then palaces and lofty domes arofe,
Thcfe for devotion, and for pleafure thofe.

Blackmirre,

2. The efFeft or performance of tlie fcience
of building.

The foimacion of the firft earth being a piece
of divine architcnitre, afcribed to a particular pro-
vidence. Burnet's Theory.
A'rchitrave. n.f. [from asyyi, chief,
and trabs, Lat. a beam ; becaufe it is
fuppofed toreprefent the principal beam
in timber buildings.] That part of a
column, or order of a column, which
lies immediately upon the capital, and
is the loweft member of the entablature.
This member is different in the differ-
ent orders ; and, in building architrave
doors and windows, the workman fre-
quently follows his own fancy. The
arcbitra've is fometimes called the rea-
fon piece, or mailer beam, in timber
buildings, as porticos, cloyfters, toV. In
chimaies it is called the mantle-piece ;
and over jambs of doors, and lintels o£
windows, hyperthyron. Builder's Dici.
The materials laid over this pillar were of
wood ; tlirough the lightnefs whereof the ardii-
trave<a^\i mtfuH'cr, nor the column itfcif, bi'ing
fo fub:i.intial. H'otton's Archit(Surt%

Wjftward a pompous front fpiece appcar"d,
On Dorick pidars of white marble rearM,
Cr own'd with an architrave of antique mold,
And fculptuie rifing on the roughen'd gold. Pcfe,

A'rchives. n.f. 'without ajingalar. [ar-
ehinja, Lat.] The places where records
or ancient writings are kept. It is per-
haps fometimes ufed for the writings
themfelves.

Though we think our words vanifh with the
breath that utters them, ys: they become records

in

\

A R D

!n Cod's court, and are Ijid up in hU arch'i'Ots, as
witncffes cither for or againft us.

Gwtrn:nenf of the 'Torgue,
I (hall now only look a little into the Mrlaic
arcbi-ves, to obleivi: whit they furniih us with up-
on this fubjefl, JVaiiiicarJ .
A'rchwise. aJv. [from arch and 'wije.'\
In the form of an arch.

The court of arches, lo called ah arcmita ecckjia,
or fiom Bow-church, by .-i!afon ot the ileeple or
clochier thereof, railed at tlie top with ftone pil-
lars, in faOiion of a bow bent arciivijs,

AyU^il Parsrgor..

Arci'tenent. adj. [arcitencr.s, Lat.]
Bow- bearing. Dicl.

Arcta'tion. n.f. [frora/jr5a,tollraiten.]
Straitening ; confinement to a nar-
rower compafs.
A'rctick. }i./. [from a^-x!®-, the north-
ern conflellation.] Northern ; lying un-
der the Arftos, or bear. See Artick.

Evcr-during fi.o^\s, perpetual fhades
Of darkncfs would congeal their livid btood.
Did not the ar^kk tradl fpontaneous yield
A cheering f^urple berry big \vith-v/ine. Phu'ifyi^
A'rctick Circle. The circle at which the

northern frigid zone begins.
A'rcu.ate. at/J. [anuatus, Lut.'l Bent in
the form of an arch.

The caufe of the confuHon in founds, and the
inccnfjfion of fpecics vifible, is, for that the
ii^hc worketh in right lines j but founds, that
move in obiiejue and arcuate linesy mull needs
enccuntcr'ai:d dillurb the one the other.

Bacon' i Natural Jiijlory,
In the gu'let, where it perforateth the midriti,
the carncous iibrcs ate infle^ed and arcuate,

Ray en the Creatkn,

A'rcuatile. ai(j. [from arcuale.'\ Bent;
infleded. Dia.

Arcua'tion. n.f. [from arcuate."]

1. The aft of bending any thing ; incur-
vation.

2. The ftate of being bent ; curvity, or
crookednefs.

3. [In gardening.] The method of raifing
by layers fuch trees as cannot be railed
from feed, or that bear no feed, as the
elm, lime, alder, willow ; and is fo
called from bending down to the ground
the branches which fpring from the off-
fets 01 ftools after they are planted.

Chambers.
A'rcuature. n.f. [arcuatura, low Lat.]
The bending or curvature of an arch.

Dic7.
Arcuba'lister. «./ [from arcus,a bow,
and balijla, an engine.] A crofsbow-
man.

King John was efpied by a very good arcuLa-
lijler, whj faid, that he would foon difpatch the
tru«l tyrant. Cod fuilid, vile varlet, quoth the
carl, tint we Ihould procure tl>e d-ath of the h«ly
one of GcJ. CamJen'i Rtmain-..

Ard. [Sa.xon.] Signifies natural difpofi-
tion ; as, GodJarJ, is a divine temper ;
Rtinard, a fiiicere temper ; Ciffard, a
b3untifal and liberal difpofition ; Ber-
nard, filial aiTeition. Gibjln'i Camden.

A'rdenc Y. «.yi [from rtrfli'«/.] Ardour;
eagernefs ; warmth of afFeftion.

Accepted ojr prayer* (hall be, if qualified with
humility, and ardrvcy, and perfcvcrancc, fo far as
converns the end immediate to them.

llan:mtiid'i Pratl. Catechifm.

TJie inefl'able happincfj of our dear Redeemer
n-.'ift needs bring an incrfafeto nuts, c:;mr«ien
filiate to (lie aynticj of bur k)vc for him. £ayie. )

ARE

A'RDENT. adj. [ardem, Lat. burning.]

1. Hot ; burning ; fiery.

Chymifts obferve, that vegetables, as lavender,
rue, marjoram, (gc. diftilled before fermentation,
yield o!!3 without any burning fpirits ; but, after
fcrmcnration, yield ardent fpirits without oib ;
which (hews, that their oil is, by fern.entation,
converted into fpirit. Nctitcn^s Optichs.

2. Fierce ; vehement ; having the appear-
ance or quality of fire.

A knight of fwarthy face
High on a cnle-black deed purfucd the chacc ;
With flalhing flames his ardtnl eyes were fill'd.

Drydsn,

3. Paflionate ; afFeftionate : ufed gene-
rally of defire.

Another nymph with fatal pow'r may rife,
To damp the finking beams of C2e.ii's eyes ;
With haughty pride may hear her charms confeft.
And fcorn the ardent vows that I have blelt. Prior.
A'RDENTLr. adt\ [from ardent.] Eager-
ly ; afFeftionatt^y.

With true zeal may our hearts be mod arder.tly
inflamed to our religion. Sj^rait's Sermms.

A'rdour. n.f. [«r</or, Lat. heat.]

1. Heat.

Joy, like a ray of the fun, leflcfts with a greater
ardfiur and quicknefs, when it rebounds upon a
man from the brcaft of his friend. Smith.

2. Heat of afFeflion ; as, love, defire,
courage.

The 1 idiers fliout around with gen'rous rage;
He prais'd their ardour, inly pleas'd to fee
His hoft. Drydeti,

Unmov'd the mind of Ithacut remain'd.
And the v^in ardours of our love rfflrain'd. Pope.

3. The perfon ardent or bright. This is
only ufed by Milton.

Nor delayed the winged faint,
After his charge receiv'd ; but from among
Thoufand celellial ardours, where he flood
Veil'd with his gorgeous wings, up-fpringing light.
Flew thro' the raiJlt of heav n. Faradij'e Lcfi.

Ardu'ity. n.f. [from arduous.] Height;
difficulty. '- £)ia.

A'RDUOUS. adj. [arduus, Lat.]

1 . Lofty ; hard to climb.

High oi\ I'arnalTus' tip her fons (he Ihow'd,
And pointed out thofc arduous paths they trod.

Pote.

2. Difficult.

It was a means to bring bim up in the fchool
of arts and policy, and fo to fit him for that
great and arduous employment that God deflgned
him to. South.

A'rduousness. a. f. [from arduous.]
Height ; dilEculty.

Are. The third perfon plural of the pre-
fent teiife of the verb to be ; as, young
men are rafh, old are cautious.

ARE, or Jlamire. The lov/eft note but
one in Guido's fcale of mufick.

Gamut I am, the ground of all accord,
.Are to plead Hortenfio's paflinn ;

B ml Hianca take him for thy lord,
C faut, that loves with all afFeiSion. Shakeff.

A'rea. n.f. [Latin.]

1. The furface contained between any
lines or boundaries.

The area of a triangle is found by knowing the
height and the bafe. y/aiis's Logkk.

2. Any open furface, as, the fioor of a
room ; the open part of a church ; the
vacant part or llagc; of an amphitheatre.
An inclofeJ place, as fills, or a bowling-
green, or gral's-plot.

J-et us conceivi! a floor or area of goodly length,
with the breadth lomcwhat ra-jre than half the
longitude. Ik'ollon.

The Alban lake V, of an oval fl^ure, and, by

A R G

reafon of the high mountains that encompafs It,
looks like the area of fome vaft amphitheatre.

In areas varv'd \\ith Mofaick art,
Some whiil the di(k, and fome the javlin dart.

Pope.

To Are'ad, or Are'ed. 'v. a. [apebati.
Sax. to counfel.] To advife ; to direcl.

Knights and ladies g^^ntle deeds,
Whofe praifes having (leiit in liience long.

Me, all too meanc, the facrcd mufe arecds
To blazon broad. Fairy Slueen,

But mark what I arcad thee now : avant.
Fly thither whence thou llfd'ft ! If from this houf
Within thefe hallow'd limits thou appear,
Bav:k to th' infernal pit 1 drag thee cha'.n'd.

Paradife Lop.
Arefa'ction. «. f. [arefacio, Lat. to
dry.] The ftate of growing dry ; the
aft of drying.

From them, and their motions, principally pro-
ceed arefaUhn, and moft of the cffefls of nature.

Bacon.

To A'refy. <v. a. [arefacio, Lat. to dry.]
To dry ; to exhauft of moifture.

Heat dricth bodies that do cafily expire, as
parchment, leaves, roots, clay, ^c. and fj dotll
time or a^e arefy, as in the lame b -dies, ^c.

Bacon's Natural Hifioryi
Arena'ceous. ai^j. [arena, Lat. fand.]
Sandy ; having the qualities of fand.

A p'ece of the ilonu of the fame mines, of a
yellowiih brown colour, an arenaceous f.iabic fub-
iiance, and with fome white fpar mix^d with it.

JVo:dloard on FojJ'ils.

-Aren a'tion'. n.f. [fiom areng, Lat.
fand.] Is ufed by fome phyficians for
a fort of dry bath, when the patient fits
with his feet upon hot fand. Z)/>7.

AaENo'sE. ai(/. [from «)-fna, Lat.] San-
dy ; full of fand. Dit^.

Ahe'nulous. adj. [from arentila, LaC.
fand.] Full of fmall fand ; gravelly.

Areo'tick. a^'. [il^-aioTixa.] Attenuents,
applied to medicines that diffolve vilci-
dities, fo that the morbifick matter may
be carried off by fweat, or infenfible-
perfpi ration. Di^.

Areto'logy. n.f. [from i-^irt), virtue,
and Myu, to difcourfe.] 'I'hat part of
moral philofophy which treats of virtue,
its nature, and the means of arriving at
it. Diol.

A'rgal. n.f. Hard lees flicking to the
fides of wine-veflels, more commonly
called tartar. Di^.

A'rgent. adj. [from argent urn, Lat.
fiiver.]

1. The white colour ufed in the coats of
gentlemen, knights, and baronetc, fup-
pofed to be the reprefentation of that
metal.

RinaUo flings
As f-.vift as fiery lightning kindled new,
flis argent eagle, with her fllver wings
In lield of azure, fair Erminia knew. Fairfax.

In an argent fit'ld, the g^d of war
Was drawn triumphant on his iron car. Drydctr,

2. Silver ; bright like filvcr.

Thofe argent Jitlds more likely habitants,
Traiillated laiat:, or middle fpirits, hold.
Betwixt th' angelical and human kind. Mi/lctt,

Or alk o( y'lnder argent fields above.
Why Jove's I'atcilites are lei's than Jove. Pope,

Argenta'tion. n.f. [from nrjrentum ,Lv.%,
filver.] An overlaying with filvcr. Dicl.

A'r G E N r I N e . adj. [nrgeiitin, Kr. j Sound -
ing like filver. Diit.

A'rcil,

AUG

A'nciL. n. /. [arg.'lLi, Lat.] Potters
clay ; a fat fott Ian J .of earth of which
veffels are made.

Ah OIL I a'ceovs. a!^J.:[fromargil.'] Clay-
ey ; partaking of the nature of argil;
conliiling of argil, or potters clay.

Argi'llou*. vj.ij. [from argil.] Confin-
ing of clay.; dayilh ; containing clay.

.Htbuquer^'ic dcrivts this rcJiiel« from clic iand
and argUlaus tidrtli ac the boct.>m.

A'rgosv. e. / [derived by Pope from
jirgo, the name of Jafon's (hip; fup-
pofed by others to be a veflcl of Rugufu
or Rago/a, a Ragoxine, corrupted.] A
large veflel f>'r merchandize ; a carrack.

Vour mind ii ti^Hinj: on the ocean ;
There where your argcfia with portly I'ailf
Like ftgniors and rich burghers on the flood.
Do ovcrpeer the pcct^ traffickers.

Shaktff, Mtrcianl tfVemct.

To A'RGUE. f. «. \_arguo, Lat. J
a. To rcafon ; to offer reafons.

I know y >ur majcfty has always iov'd her
So dear iji hcart/not tj dtrny her what
A woman of lefs p'ace might afk by law ;
Scholars aliow'd fr«Iy to argut for her.

Skaitfp- H.riy VIII.
Publick argmng oft fci-ves not t-nly to exafpe-
rate the mindt, but to wbec the wits of heieti'ks.

t>tcay of fie' y.
An idea of motion, not paflTing on, would per-
plex any one, who ihould crguc from fuch an idea.

Locke.

2. To perfaade by argument.

It is a fort of poetical logick which I would
make ufc of, to arg^ie you into a profeftion oi
this phiy. Ctmgreiie^s Ded. toOld Bachdcr.

3. To difpute ; with the particles ivith or
againft before the opponent, and againjl
before the thing oppofed.

Why do Chriftians, of fcvcral pcrfuafions, fo
fiercely arguiagawji the falvability of each other ?

Decay of Pkty.

He that Vy often arguing againfi bis own (enk,
impjfcs falfehoods on others, is not far frrm be-
lieving hi mf If. Locke.

1 do not iee how they can argue tvlib any one,
v/ithout fetting down ftridl boundaries. Locke.

To A'rcue. 'v.a.

1 . To .prove any thing by argum'ent.

If t'lc wn.'id's .ige and ocith le urgufd well.
By the fjn's fall, which now towards earth doth
bend,

Then we nii^ht fcar tSat virtue, fince flie fell
So low as woman, flioulJ be near her end. Donne.

2. To debate any queftion ; as, to argue a
caufc.

3. To prove, as an argument.

So many iawi argue (a many iins
. Among them : how cjn God with luch rcfide ?

Mi!""-
It a'guet diflemper of the mind as well as ■»
the bt''dy, w'nn a man is continually roHing fro:i:
ore fiJe t) t>ic other. South.

This argues a virtue and d'fp fition ia thofe
fid's 0;" the ray.*, which ar.fvvcrs t ■ thit virtue
and difpolition of the chrylta. tJewlen's Of.icks

4. To charge with, as a crime ; with oy.

I haft p.iared gul;. to all I'm i^lits and ei-
preiTi 'n*; of mi.ie, which can be t uly argued fl
obfccnity, p oia;!enef8, or immorility. and r'tra.
tb;m. £!r, -Jen's fjiies.

,The accid-nts are not th'! fame, w.iich would
liave argued him tf a fervilc c^py'ng, and t"tat
ba.renneis of invcotian j yet the i.as wer* tr
fa-ne. Drydcn i Faoia.

A'ncuER. »./. ffrom argue.] A reaioner;
a dilj^ater ; a controvertill.

A R G

Men «re afhamed to be profelytes to a wra';
arguiry as thinking they mult part with their ri -
putacion as well as their lin. Decay cf Piety.

Neither good Chiiliians nor good argue:.

yltterbury.

A'roument. »./. [argumen/um. Lit.]

1. A reafon alleged for or againlt any
thing.

We fometrmes fee, on our theatres, vice re-
warded, at leall unpunished ; yet it ought not to
be an argument agaiuH the art. Dryden.

When any thing is proved by as good argu-
ments as that thing is capable of, fuppt (ing it
were ; we ought not in reafon to make any doubt
of the exiftence of that thing. Tillcifim.

Our author's two great and only arguments to
prove, th^t heirs ai« lords over their brethren.

Locke.

2. The fubjeftof any difcourfe or writing.

That (lie who ev'n but now was your bell object.
Your praifc's argument, balm, of your age,
Dearert and beft. Shaktff. King Lear,

To the height of this great argument
1 may afiert eternal providence.
And jullify the ways of God to man. Milton.

Sad talk ! yet argument
Not lefs, but more heroick tlian the wrath
Of rtcrn Achilles. Mi/ton.

A much longer difcourfe my argument requires j
your merciful difpolitions a much Ihorter.

Sjtrutt's Scrmcns.

3. The contents of any work fummed up
by way of abftraft.

The argument of the work, that is, its prin-
cipal atlion, the ceconomy and difpolition of it,
are tile things which diftinguifli copies from ori-
ginals. Dryden.

4. A controverfy.

Thii day, in argument upon a cafe,
Some woids there grew 'twixt Somerfct and me.

Shakcfpeare.

An argument that fell out laft nighc, where

each oi us fell in praife of our country miilfeifes.

Shakeff, Cymbeline,

If the idea be not agreed on betwixt the ipeaker

and hearer, the argument is not about things, but

name?. Locke.

5 . It h.ts fometimes the particle to before
the thing to be proved, but generally

1 he beft mor.il argument to patience, in my
opinion, is the advantage of patience itlclf.

"Tillotfon.

This, befote that revelation had enlightened
the world, was the very bed argummt fir a future
ftate. ylttcriur) .

6. [In aftronomy.] An arch by which
we feek another unknown arch, propor
tioiial to the firft. Cbamberi.

Argume'ntal. adj. \fxQm. agi'ment.]
Belonging to argument ; rea{b'ning.

Affl.de-l fnfe thou ki: dl) doll fc: free,
Opprefs'd with arguwcntal ty.'anny,
And routed reafon fiads a lafe retreat in thee.

P,.i,.
Argu menta'tion. n. f. [from argu
menf.] Reafoning; the aft of reafoning.
Argumir.tation is tliat opeiation of the ininH,
whereby we infer one propofition from two ir more
propoiitions premifcd. Or it is t!ie d.a^ving a
conc'ufion, wh'eh i>eftjre was unknown, or doubt
fu*, from lomc propofi ions more kn.iwn ard evi-
dent; io when we hue julgcd that matter can-
not think, and that the mind of man doth think,
we c include, that therefore the mi.'-d of man is
not maticr. Waits's Logick

I fupp itz it is no ill tnpick of argumentaticn
to fli:rf the p'-cvaienc? ot contempt, by tlie C'):.
Ira y influe:ice» ot refpcfl. Soutt

His thuui;ht.< niuft be mifculinc, full of argu
tnnr jiion, i.ii thjt fulHeiently warm. Dryden.

riic whole couric of bis argumcniction comes M
■ t'ling. Mdifin.

ARGUME'NTATlVE.«^'.[frOJnflr^«raM/.]

A R I

1. Confifling of argument; containing
argument.

1 nis oraiQion, confidering the bounds within
which the argumentative part of my difcourlc waa
conlined, I could not avoid.

jitierhury's Pref, to tit Sermim.

2. Sometimes with «/", but rarely.

Another thing argumenrat: •. e cf providence, is
that pappous plumage growing upon the tops of
Tome feeds, whereby they arc v.'afted with the
wind, and dinirminated far and wide. Ray.

3. Applied to perfons, ditputatious ; dif-
pofed to controverfy.

A'r G u T E . adj. \argato, Ital. argutut, Lat.]

1. Subtle; witty; (harp.

2. Shrill.

A'RIA. n.f. [Ital. in mnfick.] An air,

fong, or tune.
A'kid. adj.i \arldus, Lat. dr}'.] Dry;

parched up.

My complexion is become aduft, and my body
arid, by viliting lands. Aituthnot and Pope.

His harden'd fingers deck the gaudy fpring.
Without hira (ummer were an aridvt&jt. l,bo»J.

Ari'dity. n.f. [from ar/</.]

1. Drynefs ; Cecity.

Salt taken in great quantities will reduce an ani-
mal body to the great extremity ui aridity, or dry-
r.efs. ylrbuthnct on Al.mints.

2. In the theological fenfe, a kind of in*
fenfibility in devotion, contrary to unc-
tion or tcndernel's.

Strike my foul with lively apprehenfions of thy
exce.lcncies, to bear up my fpirt under the greatelt
aridities and dejeflions, with the delightful profpcft
of thy glories. Ntrris,

J'RIES. n.f. [Lat.] The ram ; one of
the twelve figns of the zodiack ; the firft
vernal fign.

At lall from jiries rolls thebounteous fun,
And th^ bright Bull receives him. Tb^mfon*

To Ari'etate. f. ». [«nV/fl, Lat.]

1 . To butt like a ram.

2. To llrike in imitation of the blows
which rams give with their heads.

Arieta'tion. ti.f. [from ar/>/fl/r.]

1. The aft of butting like a ram.

2. The aft of battering with an engine
called a ram.

The Ihength of the percuflion, wherein ord-
nance do exceed all arietations and antient inven-
tions. Bacon.

3. The aft of ftriking or conflifting in ge-
neral.

Now thofc heterogeneous atoms, by thcmfelves,
hit fo exaftly into their proper relidence, in the
midft of fuch tumultuary motions, and arielatiint
of other pai tides. Ghnti/ie.

ARIE'TTJ. n.f. [Ital. in mufick.] Alhort

air, fong, or tune.
.Ari'ght. adv. [from d and r/f/'/.]

1. Rightly ; with.;ut mental errour.

How him I lovd, and iove with all my might;

So thought I ckc of him, and think I th.jught a-

rigbt. SpcKJ'er.

Thcfc were thy thoughts, and thou could'li juige

aright.

Till intere'.l made a jaundice in tliy fight. Vryd.

The morions of the tongue a/c fo eafy, .ind fo

fubtle, that you can hardly conceive or dittinguifli

them aright. Hrddif^

2. Rightly ; withsut crime.

A generation that let not their heart aright.

Pfjlms.

3. Rightly ; without failing of the end
deiigned.

Gu.irdian of groves, and g:iJdef$ of the night,
Tair queen, he faid, diced my dart arght. Dryd.

Ariola'tion.

A R I

Ari-ola'tion, or Hariola'tion. k. /.
\J:ariolus, Lat. a foothfayer.] Soothfay-
ing ; vaticination.

The pricfts of elder time deluded their appre-
henftons with arUJatitny foothfaying, and ("uch
oblique idolatries- Brvw-n.

AniO'SO. n. j: [Ital. in mufick.] The
movement of a ormmon air, fong, or
tune. Di3.

To Ari'se. "v. n. pret. arofe, particip.
arifin. [from /i and riJeJ\

1. To mount upward as the fun.

He r< I'e, and, lookirj; up, beheld the (kics
With purple blufhing, and the day a^c* Vrydcn,

2. To get up as from fleep, or from reft.

So Kfdras aroj^ up, and faid unto them, ye have
tranfgrefled the law. i EJd, ix. 7.

How long wilt thou deep, O fluggard ; when
wilt thou arife out or' thy fleep ? Prfjv. vi. 9.

3. To come into view, as from obfcurity.

There Ihall arift falfe Chrifts and falle prophets.

Matl.xx'iv.

>4.. To revive from death.

Thy dead men (hall live, together with my
body ihall they arifc : awake and fing, ye that
dwell in duft. Jfa'nk, xxvi. 19.

5. To proceed, or have its original.

They which were fcattered abroad upon the
perfccution that amje about Stephen, traveled as
far as Photnice. yllii, xi. 19.

1 know not what mifchief may atifi hereafter
from the example of fuch an innovation. Dryden,

6. To enter upon a new llation, to fucceed
to power or office.

Another Mary then arcfr,
And did rig'rous laws impol'c. Ci/u-ley

7. To commence holUlity.

And when he arcfe againil me, I caught him
by his beard, and fmote him. i iVm. xvii. 35.

For the various fenfes of this word,
fee Rise.
ARISTO'CRACY. n.f. [S^.r©-, greateft,
and x^uliu, to govern.] That form of
government which places the fupreme
power in the nobles, without a king,
and exclufively of the people.

The artjloiracy of Venice hath admitted io
many abufes through the degeneracy of the nobles,
that [he period of id duration feems to approach.

Sioift,
Aristocra'tical. ■) a<^', [from arifio-
Ar istocra'tick. i cmcy.] Relating to
ariftocracy ; including a form of govern-
ment by the nobles.

Ockham diftinguiHies, that the papacy, or ec-
clefiailical raonarcliy, may be changed in an ex-
traordinary manner, for fomc time, into an ar-Jfo-
criK.w/ form of government, J^si'fft-

Aristocr a'ticalness. n.f. [from urif-
tocraticai.] An ariftocratical ftate. Z);V7.

Ari'thmancy. n./. [from a^iS/io;, num-
ber, and ftatTfia, divination.] A fore-
telling future events by numbers. DiS.

A R I T H M e't I c a l . ai/J. [from arilhmetick. ]
According to the rules or method of
arithmetick.

The principles of bodies may be infinitely fmall,
not only beyond all naked or aflifted fenfe, but be-
yond all tfririwrtiftf/ operation or conception. Gntv,

The fquarea of tlic dianictecs of thefe rings,
made by any prifniatlck colour, were in arithmcii-
cal progrejTion, as in the fifth oblervation* Nrwtcn,
A R I T H M e't I c a l l V . ad'v. [from arithme-
tical.] In an arithmetical manner ; ac-
cording to the principles of arithmetick.

Though the fifth part of a xefies being a fimpic
fradlion, and ar':thmttkellj ri-gular, it is yet no pro-
per part of that mcafoie. Artuthmi en Coint.

Vol. I.

ARM

Arithmeti'cian. n.f. [from arithme-
/;VX-.] A mafler of the art of numbers.

A man had net-d be a pood iiridmetldar, to un-
derftand thii author's works. His defcription runs
f>n like a multirlicarion table. Add'fcit.

ARI'THMETICK, »./. [u^i^^^, num-
ber, and fjur^fu, to meafure.] The
fcience of numbers ; the art of compu-
tation.

On fair ground I could beat forty of them ;
But now 'tis odds beyond jr]:hmet'uk, Shak. CcritjL

The chriilian religion, according to the apuf-
tles arithmetick, hzth but thefe thiec parts of it;
fobriety, juftice, religion. Taylor.

Ark. k./. [arra, Lat. a cheft.]

1. A veflel tofwim upon the water, ufually
applied to that in which Noah was pre-
ferved from the univerfal deluge.

Make thee an ark of gopher wood ; rooms Ihalt
thou make in the ark, and ftialt pitch it within and
without. Gene/is,

The one juft man alive, by his command.
Shall build awond'rous ark, as thou beheld'ft.
To favc himfclf and houfehoid, from amidft
A world devote to un'.verfal wreck. Milton.

2. The repofitory of the covenant of God
with the Jews.

This coffer was of ihittim wood, covered with
plares or leaves of gold, being two cubits and a
half in length, a cubit and a half wide, and a cu-
bit and a half high. It l^d two rings of gold on
each fide, through which die i^aves were put for
carrying it. Upon the top of it was a kind of gold
crown all around it, ir.d two cherubim were faf-
tf ned to the cover. It contained the two tables of
ftone, written by the hand of Cod. Calmet.

Ar.m. n.f. [eapra, eopm. Sax.]

1. The limb which reaches from the hand
to the (houlder.

If I have lift up my hand againll the fatherlefs,
when I faw my help in the gate, then let mine
ar)K fall from my Ihoulder-blade, and mine arm
be broken from the bone. yob.

Like hclplefs friends, who view from (hoie
The lab'ring (hip, and bear the tcmpeil roar.
So ftood they with their armi acrofs. DryJen.

2. The bough of a tree.

The trees Iprcad out their armt to fliade herface,
But ihc on elbow leaned. SiJt.ey.

Where the tall oak his fpreading arms entwines.
And with the beech a mutual Ihad: combines. Cay.

3. An inlet of water from the fea.

Full in the centre of the facicd wood.
An arm aclfeth of the Stygian flood. PryJ. JEtt.

We have yet feen but an arm of this fta of
beauty. ' Ntrrii.

4. Power; might. In this fenfe is ufed
the fecular arm. Sec.

Curfcd be the man that trufteth in man, and
maketh fl-(h his atm, and whofe heart departcth
from the Lord. 'Jrr, xvii. 5.

O God, thy arm was here !
And not to us, but to thy arm aJone,
Afcribe we ail. abak.fp. Hen. V,

Arm's e:id. n.f. A phrafe taken from
boxing, in which the weaker man may
overcome the ftronger, if hfe can keep
him from clofing.

Such a one as can keep him at arm's errt, need
never wifli for a better companion. Storey's ./^rcad.

For my falcc be comfortable, hold death awhile
at the arm's erj. Shakifpeare.

In the fame fenfe is ufed arm's length.
To ARM. v. a. [armo, Lat.]
1 . To furnifh with armour of defence, or
weapons of offence.

And when Abram heard that his brother was
taken captive, he armej his trained fcrvants, born
in his own houfc, three hundred and eighteen, and
purfucd them unto Dan. Ceiijis.

ARM

True ccnfcious honour Is to feel no fin ;
He's arm'd without that's innocent within. Pcpe.

2. To plate vvith any thing that may ac
ftrength.

Their wounded fteeds
Yerk out th^n armed heels at their dead mifters.

ShakLlp-vre.

3. To furnifh ; to fit up ; as, to ar?n a
loadllone, is to cafe it with iron.

You muft arm your hook with the line in ths
infide of it. IVakon's Angler.

Having wafted the callus, I lelt tff thole tents
and drefii;d it with others a>m«</with digeftives.
fp'ij'man's Surgery.

4. To provide againll:.

HiS fervant, arm'd againft fuch co>ercure.
Rep ^rted unto all, that he was lure
A noble geiitleman of hit;h rega.d. Spmjer.

To ARM. 'V. n\ To take arms ; to be fitted
with arms.

Think we king Harry ftrong;
And, princes, look you ftrongly arm to meet him.

Shakespeare.

ARMJ'DA. n f. [Span, a fleet of war.]
An armament for fea ; a fleet of war. It
is often erroneoufly fpelt armado.

In all the mio-earth feas was leit i;o road
Wherein the pagan his bold head untwines.

Spread was the huge armado wide and broad.
From Venice, Genes, and towns which them con-
fines. Fairfax.

So by a roaring temped on the flood,
A whole armado of collccled fail ■-'

Is fcatter'd and disjoin'd from fellcwfhip. Stake/.

At length, refolv'd f alfert the wat'ry ball.
He in himfelf did whole armados bring:

Him aged fcamen might then majler call.
And chofe for general, were he not their king.

Dryden,

JRMJDfLLO n.f [Spanifli.] A tour-
footed animal of Biafil, as big as a cat,
with a i'nout like a hog, a t.iil like a li-
zard, and feet like a hedge-hog. He
is armed all over with hard fcales like
armour, whence he takes his name, and
retires under them like the tortoife. He
lives in holes, or in the water, being
of the amphibious kind. His fcales are
of a bony or cartilaginous fubllance, but
they are eafily pierced. This animal
hides himfelf a third part of the year
under ground. He feeds upon roots,
fugar-canes, fruits, and poultry. When
he is caught, he draws up his feet and
head to his belly, and rolls himfelf up
in a ball, which the ftrongcft hand can-
not open ; and he muft be brougkt near
the fire before he will fliew his nofe.
His fleih is white, fat, tender, and more
delicate than that of a fucking pig.

Trcvoux.

A'rmamekt. n.f. [armamenlum, Lat,]
A force equipped for war ; generally
ufed of a naval force.

Armamh'ntary. it.f. [armamentarium,
Ivat.] An armory ; a magazine or ar-
fenal of warlike implements. jO;V7.

A'rman. n.f A confeftion for reftoring
appetite in horfes. Diff.

A'rmature. n.f [armatura, Ijat."]

I. Armour ; fomcthing to defend tiie body
from hurt.

Others (hould be armed with hard fliells; others
with prickles ; the reft, that have no luch arma-
ture, fhould be endued with great fwiftnefs and
pernicity. Ray on the Creation.'

z. OfFenfivc weapons ; lefs properly.

P Tlie

ARM

The double armaiurt it a more Jeftruflive en-
EMic than th« lumultuary we»pon. Duay of Pie (f.

AKMEb. a,ij. [in heraldry.] Is ufed in
refped of bealls and birds of prey, when
their teeth, horns, feet, beak, talons,
or tuiks, are of a difterent colour from
the reft ; as, he bears a cock or a falcon
armed, or. Chalmers.

Armed Chair, n. f. [from armed and
rhair."] An elbow chair, or a chair with
refts for the arms.

Arme'nian Bole. n.f. A fatty medicinal
kind of earth, of a pale rtddilli colour,
which takes its name from the country
of Armenia.

Ahme'nian Stofie. n.f. A mineral flone
or earth of a blue colour, fpotted with
green, black, and yellow ; anciently
brought only from Armenia, but now
found in Germany, and the Tyrol. It
bears a near refemblance to lapis lazuli,
from which it feems only to differ in
degree of maturity ; it being fofter, and
fpeckled with green inftead of gold.

Chambers.

Arme'ntal, \adj. [armentalis, or nr-

A'rmentine. iMf»//»aJ, Lat.] Belong-
ing to a drove or herd of cattle. DiS.

Armento'se. adj. [armcnto/us, Lat.] A-
bounding with cattle. Z);<3.

A'rmgaunt. adj. [from arm and^fl«»/.]
Slender as the arm.

So he nodded.
And fobcrly did mount an armgaunt ftced. Shahf.
-A'rm-hole. ». /. [from arm and W«.]
The cavity under the flioulder.

Tickling is moft in the foles of the feet, and
under the trm-hlii, and on the fides. The caufe
h the thinnefs of the ikin in tliofe parts, joined
with the raicnefs of being touched there.

Baton's Natural liijtory.
Armi'gerous. adj. [from armiger, Lat.

an armory-bearer.] Bearing arms.
A'rmillary. adj. [from armilla, Lat. a
bracelet.] Refembling a bracelet.

When the circles of tb= mundane fphert arc
fuppofcd to be defcribed on the convex furface of a
fpbere, which is hollow within, and, after this,
you imagine all parts of the fphcre's furface to be
cut away, except thofe parts on which fuch circles
are defcribed ; then that fphere is called an Brrr.'i]-
Uty fphere, becaufc it appears in the form of feve-
ral circular rings, or bracelets, put together in a
due pi.fition. Harris'i Dejcrijimn of the Glohti.

A'rmillated. adj. \armillatus, Lat.]
Having bracelets. Bid.

A'rmings, «. /. [inaflilp.] The fame
with wafteclothcs, being clothes hung
about the outfide of the fliip's upper-
works fore and aft, and before the cub-
brige heads. Some are alfo hung round
the tops, called to^ armings. Chamlers.
Armi'potence. n.f. [from arma, arms,
andfolentiii, power, Lat.] Power in war.
Armi'potent. adj. [armifcU>is, Lat.]
Powerful in arms ; mighty in war.

The manifold linguift, and the armifoimt fol-
dier. Sbahffeare.

For if our God, the Lord armifolent,
Thofe armed angels in our aid down fendj
That were it Dathan to his prophet ()nt.
Thou wilt come down with them. Fairfax.

Beneath the low'ring brow, and on a bent.
The te:riplc flood of Mars armipsltnt. Drydeti.

AuMi'aoNOus. adj. [armifeaut, Lat.]
Ilaftiing with armour,

A R Mr.

A'rmistice. n.f, [armi/itium, Lat.] A
fhort truce; a cenation of arms for a
ihort time.

A'rmlet. n.f. [from am. ^

1. A little arm ; as, an armiet of the fea.

2. A piece of armour for the arm.

3. A bracelet/or the arm.

And, when flic takes thy hand, »nd doth feem
kind.
Doth fcarch what rings and armltis Die can find.

Dome.
Every nymph of the flood her trefTes rending,
Throws off her amlft of pearl in the main. Dryd,

A R M o N i'a c K . n.f. [erroncoufly fo written
for ammcriiaci.] A fort of volatile fait.
See Ammoniack.

A' R M o R £ R . n.f. [armor ier, Fr. ]

1 . He that makes armour, or weapons.

Now thrive the armcrtrs, and honour's thought
Reigns f.'lely in the brcaft of every man. Shake//}.

The armorers make their fteel more tough and
pliant, by afperlion of water and juice of herbs.

Baeon.

The whole divifmn that to Mars pertains,
All trades of death that deal in fteel for gains.
Were there: the butcher, armorer, and fmith,
Who forges (harpen'd faucfaions, or the fcythe.

Vryden.

When arrn'rers temper in the ford
The kecn-edg'd pole-axe, or the (hining fword.
The red-hot metal hilfcs in the lake. Pope.

2. He that dreffes another in armour.

The armorers accomplifliing the knights.
With bufy hammers clofmg rivets up.
Give dreadful note of preparation. Shakefpeare.
The morning he was to join battle witli Harold,
his armorer put on his backpiece before, and hi^
breaftp'ate behind. Cair.eleti.

Armo'rial. adj. [armorial, Fr.] Belong-
ing to the arms or efcutcheon of a fa-
mily, as enfigns armorial.
A'rmorist. n.j'. [from armour.] A per-
fon (killed in heraldry. Diif.

A' R M o r y . n.f. [from armour. ]
1 . The place in which arms are repofited
for ufe.

The fword
Of Michael, from tlie armory of God,
Was giv'n him temper'd fo, that neither keen.
Nor fdlid, might refill that edge. Milton.

With plain heroick magnitude of mind.
And celcfiial vigour arm'd,
Their armories and magazines contemns. Milton.

Let a man confider thefe virtues, with the con-
trary (ins, and tlien, as out of a full armory, or
magazine, let him furnifli his confcicnce with
texts of fcripture. . South.

a. Armour; arms of defencp.

Nigh at hand
Celefiial armory, (hields, helms, and fpears,
Hung high, with diamond flaming, and with gold.

Milton.

3. Enfigns armorial.

W-jll worthy be you of that armory.
Wherein you have great glory won this day.

Fairy i^ueen.
A'r'MOUr. n.f. [armateur, Vx, armatura.
Lat.] Defenfive arms.

Your friends are up, and buckle on their ar-
mour, Shakefpeare,
That they might not go naked among their ene-
mies, the only armour that Chrift allows them is
prudence and innocence. South.
A'RMOt;R-BEARER. n.f, [{rom armour
a'nd itar.] He that carries the armour
of another.

His armottr-hearer firft, and next he kill'd
His chMioteer. Dryden.

A'r w P 1 T. n. f. [from arm and pit,] The
hollow place under the flioulder. .

A R O

TSe hinJIes to thefe gouges ire made fo lonp,
that che handle may reach under the armfit of the
workman. Maxem.

Others hold their plate under the left arm-pit,
the bert fjtuatljo for keeping it warm. Swif:,

Arms. n. f. -without the fingular ntanter,
[arma, Lat.]

1. Weapon* of offence, or armour of de-
fence.

Thofe arms, which Mar» before
Had giv'n the vanquifii'd, now the victor bore.

Pope,

2. A fiate of hoftility.

Sir Edward Courtney, and the haughty prelate.
With many more confederates, are in artr.s. Shake/,

3. War in general.

/iiiKS and the man I fir.g, Dryden,

Him Paris foUow'd to the dire alarms,
Both breathing flaughter, both refolv'd in emu.

Pope,

4. Aftion ; the a£l of taking arms.

Up rofe the viftor angels, and to arms
The matin trumpet fung. Milttn,

The fcas and rocks and (kiea rebound,
To arms, to arms, to arms ! Pope,

5. The enfigns armorial of a family.
A'rmy. n.f. [armec, Fr.]

1. A colledlion of armed men, obliged to
obey one man. Locke,

Number itlelf importcth not much in armies,
where the people arc of weak courage. Bacon,

The meaneft foldier, that has fought often in
an army, has a truer knowledge of war, than he
that has writ whole volumes, but never was in any
battle. South,

The Tufcan leaders and their army iing,
Whi.;h foUow'd great /£neas to the war ;
Their arms, their numbers, and their names declare.

Dryden,

2. A great number.

The fool hath planted in his memory an army
of good words. Shake/p. Merchant of Venice,

Aroma'tical. adj, [from aromalici.]
Spicy ; fragrant ; high fcented.

All things that are hot and aromatical io preferve
liquors or powders. Baccn,

Volatile oils refrefh t':: animal fpirits, but

likcwife are endued with all the bad qualities of

fuch fubftances, producing all the eflefts of aii

oily and aromaticat acrimony. yjriuibnot,

Aroma'tick. adj. [from aroma, Lat.

fpice.]
I. Spicy.

Amldft whole heaps of fpicei lights »ball,
And now their odours armM againll them fly;

^ome precioully by fliatterM porcelain fall.
An! fime by anmatick fplinters die. Dryden,

a. Fragrant ; ftrong fcented.

Or quick efllavia darting tlirough the brain,
Die of a rofe in aromatick pain. Pope,

.'\rom a'ticks. n.f. Spices.

They were fuiniiheJ for exchange of their an-
maticks, and other proper commodities. Raleigh,

Arom atiza'tion. n. f [from aroma-
tize.] The mingling of a due propor-
tion of aromatick fpices or drugs with
any medicine.

7'« A R o'm A T 1 z E . v.a. [from arema, Lat.
fpice.]

1. To icent with fpices; to impregnate
with i'pices.

Drink the firft cup at fupper hot, and half aa
hour before fupper iomething hot and aromaiixed.

Bacon,

2, To fcent ; to perfume.

Unto convertfcd jews no man imputcth this un»
favoury odour, as though arimatixed by their con-
vcrfion. Brown,

Aro'se. The preterite of the verb arife.
See Arise.

I Aro'un'd,

A R R

Aro'und. adv. [from a and rKtad.\

1. In a circle.

He (hall extend his propagated fway,

Wberc Atlas turns the rowllng heavSis arcunJ,
And his broad ihou Id ers with their lights are i rown'd.

2. On every fide.

And all above was fky. and ocean ail around,

DryJen.

hKo'vtto. frep. About; encircling, fo
as to encompafs.

From young lulus head
A lambent flame arofc, which gently fpread
j^rcutid his brows, and on his temples ted. Dryd,

To Aro'use. t). a. [from a and rou/e.'\
1. To wake from fleep.

How loud howling wolves arcufe the jades
That drag the tragic melancholy night. Shah/p.

t. To raife up ; to excite.

But abfent, what fantjftick woes arous'd
Rage in each ihrj^ht, by reftlcls mufing fed.
Chill the warm cheek, and bbll the bloom of life.

Aro'w, adv. [from a and ronu,'] In a
row ; with the breafts all bearing againft
the fame line.

Then (f)me green gowns are by the laflcs worn
In chafteft plays, till home they walk arrw.

Sidney.
But with a pace more fober and more flow,
And twenty, tank in rank, they n)de artnv.

Dryden.

Ano'rNT. adv. [a word of uncertain ety-
mology, but very ancient ufe.] Be
gone ; away : a word of expulfion, or
avoiding.

Siint Withold footed thrice the wold,
He met the night-mare, and her name told,
Bid her alight, and her troth plight,
And ar'>ytit thee, witch, ccjnt thee right. Shakefp.

A'rquebuse. n.f. [Fr. fpelt falfely Aar-
qu7huj's.'\ A hand gun. It feeras to have
anciently meant much the fame as our
carabine, or fufee.

A barquthuff, or ordnance, will be farther heard
from the mouth of the piece, thin backwards or
on the (ides. Bacon.

A'RQUEBt/sitR, H./. [from Off ueiu/e.]
A foldier armed with an arquebufe.

He compafTed them rn wifh'fiftcrn-thotjfand ar^
fluitiJuTifVihom he had brouglHwiih him well ap-
pointed. Kitolltt.

A'rr ACH, O'rr ACH, or O'rrace. h./.
One of the quickeft plants both in com-
ing up and running to feed. Its leaves
•re very good in pottage.

Mortimer'' s Hujbandrj.

Arra'ck, or Ara'ck. n.f. The word
arrack is an Indian name for ftrong wa-
ters of all kinds ; for they call our fpi-
rits and brandy Englifh arrack. But
what we underftand by the name ar-
rack, is no other than a fpirit procured
by diftillation from a vegetable juice
called toddy, which flows by incifion
out of the cocoa-nut tree. Chambers.
1 fend this to be better known for choice of
china, tea, arrack, and other Indian %0'Ai.

SfeBaltir.

To ARRA'IGN. f . a. ^arranger, Fr. to
fet in order.]

1. To fet a thing in order, or in its place.
One is faid to arraign a writ in a coun-
ty, that fits it for trial- before the juf-
tjces of the circuit. A prifoner is faid

A R R

to be arraigned, where he is indifled
and brought forth to his trial. Ciywell.

Summon a felTion, that we may arraign
Our moft dilloyal lady ; for as (he hath
Been publlckiy accufed, fo (hall (he have
A jull and open trial. Shahjp^ari.

2. To accufe ; to charge with faults in
general, as in controverfy, in a fatire.

Reverfc of nature! (hall fuch copies then
Arraign ch' originals of Maro's pen ? R-jfL-ommon.

He that thinks a man to the grcund, wih quickly
endeavour to lay him there : for while he defpiUs
him, h&arrai^rii and condemus him in h)6 heart.

South.

3. It has /or before the fault.

My own enemies I (hail never anfwer; and if
your lordihip has any, they will not arraign you
jfor want of knowledge.

Dryden^i Dedication to the JEneid.

Arr a'icnment. n. /. [from arraign.]
The ad of arraigning ; an accufation j
a charge.

In the fixth fatire, which feems only an arraign-
ment of the whole fex, there is a latent admonition
to avoid ill women. Dryden.

To ARRA'NGE. -v. a. [arraitger, Fr.]
To put in the proper order for any pur~
pofe.

I chanc'd this day
To (ee two knights in travel on my way,
(A (brry fight !) arrahg'd in battle new.

Fairy ^:cr.
Hew etfcftually are it« mufcular fibres jrrj;;^^*/,
and w.th what judgment arc its columns and fur-
rows difpofed I Cheyne.

Arra'ncement. n.f. [from arrange.]
The aft of putting in proper order ; the
ftaie of being put in order.

There is a piojier jrrcngtment of the parts in
eladick budie^i, which may be facilitated by ait,

Cheyne.

A'rrant. adj. [aword of uncertain ety-
mology, but probably from errant, which
being at lirll applied in its proper fig-
nification to vagabonds, as an errant or
arrant rogue, -that is, a rambling rogue,
loft, in time, its original Cgnilication,
and being by its ufe underttood to im-
ply fomething bad, was applied at large
to any thing that was mentioned with
hatred or contempt.] Bad in a high de-
cree.

Country folks, who hallooed and hooted after
me, as a: the arraniift coward that Lv.r (hewed his
(houlders to the enemy. Sidney.

A vain fool grows forty times an arranter (bt
than before, L'KJirangt.

And let him every deity adore.
If his new bride prove not an urrjir' ♦'horc.

DrydetJ.

A'rrantly. adv. [from arrant.] Cor-
ruptly ; fhamefully.

iuneral tears are as arrjrttly hired out as mourn-
ing dokes. VEjirange.

A'rr AS. n.f, [from wJ'/vrt/, a town in
Artois, where hangings are woven.]
Tapeilry ; hangings woven with images.

Thence ;u the haH, which was on every fiiie
With rich array and collly arrat dight.

Tairy Slueen.
He's going to his mother's clofet ;
Behind the a'l'ai I'll convey myfelf.
To hear the proccfo. Sbakefpcare.

As he (ha)i nafs the galleries, I'll place
A gu.ird behind tiic arras. Denham'i Sophy.

Ahra'ught. v. a. [aword ufed by Spen-
Jcr in the preter tenfe, of which 1 have
not found the prcfcnt, but fiippofe he

ARR

derived arreachitoia.arrather ,Yx .] Sei2«
ed by violence.

His ambitious fons unto them twain
Arraught the rule, and from their father drew.

fairy S^ueen.

Arra'y. n.f. [arrcy, Fr. arret, Sp. ar~
redo, Ital. from reye, Teut. order. It
was adopted into the middle Latin,
mille hcmiiium arraitorum, Knighton.]

1. Order, chiefly of war.

The earl elpyiiig them fcattcrcd near the army,
fentone tocomraaijd them ro x.\\z\^ array . Ilayiuardw

Wcr't thou fought to deeds
That might require th' array of war, thy (kill
Of conduit would be fuch, that all the world
Could not fu(}a'n thy prowefs. Jidiitcn.

A gen'ral fe's his a:my in array
In vain, unlels he iight and win the day. Dcnbom*

2. Drefs.

A rich throne, as bright as funny day,
On which there fat moft brave embcllilhed
With royal robes, and gorgeous iifrtfy,
A maiden queen. Fairy ^cck.

In this remembrance, Emily ere day
A.role, and drefs'd herfclf in rich array. Dryden.

3. In law. Array, of the Fr. arroy, i. e.
orda, the ranking or fetting forth of a
jury or inqueit of men inipannelled up-
on a caufe. Thence is the verb to er~
ray a pannel, that is, to fet forth one by
another the men impannelled. Coiuell.

To ARRA'Y. -v. a. [arroyer, old Fr.]

1. To put in order.

2. To deck ; to drefs ; to adorn the per-
fon : with the particle inith or in.

Deck thyfclf now with majefty and excellency,
and array thyfelf luiffc glory and beauty, yob, xl. to.-

Now went forth the morn.
Such as in highell heav'n, arrayed in gold
Empyreal. Millom.

One \t& arrayed the corpfe, and one they fpread
O'er his clos'd eyes, and wrapp'd around his head.

Drydat.

3. In law. See Array in law.
Arra'yers. n.f. [homarray.] Officers

who anciently had the care of feeing the
foldiers duly appointed in their armour.

Co'well,
ARRE'AR. ad-v. [arriire, Fr. behind.]
Behind. This is the primitive fignifica-
tion of the word, which, though not now
in ufe, fecms to be retained by Spenfer.
See Rear.

To leave with fpeed Atlanta fwift arrear.
Through forefts wild and unfrequented land
To chafe the lion, boar, or rugged bear.

Fairy S^cew,

Arre'ar. n.f. That which remains be-
hind unpaid, though due. See Ar-
rearage.

His boon is giv'n; his knight has gain'd the
day.
But loft the prize ; th' arrctri are yet to pay.

Dryden,

If a tenant run away in arrear of fomc rent,
the land remains ; that cannot be carried away, or
loft. Locke.

It will comfort our grand-children, wiien tljey
fee a few rags hung up in Weftminllcr-hali, which
coft an hundred millions, whereof they arepjying
the arrears, and boalHng, as beggars do, that their
grandfathers were rich. Sivi/r.

Arr e'a rage. «./. Aw ord now little ufcd.
[from arriere, Fr. behind.]

Arrearage is llie remaindei of an account, ot*
fum of money remaining in ;hc hands of an ac-
countant J or, more generally, iny money unpaid
at the due time, as arrtorage tff JtnC CrutilJ'

P a fajet

A R R

Paget fet forth the king of Enghnd'j title to
his debts and pcnfion from the French Icing ; witli
all mrc.rugts. ihyward.

He'll grant the tribute, fend <ib.t arrearage:,

Shahcjfcare.
The old crrearagn under which that crown had
long groaned, heing defrayed, he hath brought
Lurana to uphold and maintain herfelt'.

Hnurl'i Vac si Fmji.

Arrb'arance. »./ The fame with «'■-
rear. SeeAaREAR. DiS.

Arrenta'tion. ». /. [from arrendar.
Span, to farm.] Is, in the foreft law,
the licenCng an owner of lands in the
foreft, to inclofe them with a low hedge
and fmall ditch, in confideration of a
yearly rent, Dicl.

Arrepti'tious. adj. \_arreptus,'LaX.'\

1. Snatched away.

2. [from aJ and repo."] Crept in privily.
Ar R e'st. n.f. [from arrefier, Fr. to ftop.]

1. In law.

A flop or ftay ; as, a man apprehended for debt,
is faid to be arrcftcd. To plead in arrtjl of judg-
ment, is to flicw caufe why judgment ihould be
ftayed, though the verdift of the t\velve be palTed.
To plead in arr/jl of taking the inqueft upon the
former ifi'ue, is to ihew caufe why an inqueft fhould
not be taken. An arrejl is a certain rcftraint ot
a man's perfon, d priving him of his own will, and
binding it to become obedient to the will of tlie law,
and may be called the beginning of imprifonment.

Jf I could fpsak fo wifely under an amji, 1

-WOuM fend for niy creditors ; yet 1 had as lief have

the foppe y of freedom, as the morality of impri-

_Jbnment. Sbakefpeare,

2. Any caption, feizure of the perfon.

'J o the rich man, who had promifed himfelf eafc
for many years, it was a fad arrtjiy that his fonl
wrts furprifed the firfi night* teylor.

3. A flop.

The ilnp and arrcji of the air ihewetli, that the
air haih little appetite of afceuding. Baan.

To ARRE'ST. <!■. a. [arrefier. Fr. to ftop.]

1. To feize by a mandate from a court or
officer of juftice. See Arrest.

Good tidings, my lord Haftings, for the which
I do errffi thee, traitor, of high treafon. Shaieff.

There's one yonder arrefied^ and carried to pri-
fon, was worth five thoufand of you all. Shahjp.

2. To feize any thing by law.

He hath enjoyed nothijig of Ford's but twenty
pounds of money, which muft be paid to maftcr
Brook ; his horfcs are arrcjlii for it. Shaktfpeare.

3. To feize ; to lay hands on; to detain
by power.

But when as Morpheus had with leaden maze
^rnji d a'lthat giodly company. Fairy Slaeen.

Age itfcf, w'nich, of all things in the world,
will not be baiBcd or deiied, ftall begin to arrefi,
fc'zc, and remind us of our mortality. South.

4. To withhold ; to hinder.

1 his defc£l"Rf the Englifh juftice was the main
impediment that did arrcji and ftop the corrfe of
the conqucft. Davits.

As ofte.i as my dogs with better fpeed
jtrrrji her fliglit, is (he to death decreed. Drjden.

Nor could hur virtues, nor repeated vows
Of th ufanJ lovers, the releutlefs band
Of death arrrjl. Philips.

5. To ftop motion.

I'o manifc^ the coagulative power, we havc^ir-
refitd the fluidity of new milk, and turned it into
a curdled (Lbflance. Boyle.

6. To obftrucl ; to ftop.

Afcribing (he ciufes of things to fecret proprie-
ties, h»th errtjied and laid aflecp all true enquiry.

Bacon.

A R R

Arre'st. n.f. [In horfemanfhip.] A
mangey humour between the ham and
paftern of the hinder legs of a horfe.

*^ Dia.

A'rrETED. aJj. [arreSatttj, low Lat.]
He that is convened before a judge, and
charged with a crime. It is ufed fome-
times for imputed or laid unto ; as, no
folly may be arreted to one under age.

Co'wsll.

TsArri'de. 'V. a. [arrideo. Lit.]

1. To laugh at.

2. To fmile ; to look pleafantly upon one.
Arri'ere. »./. [French.] The laft body

of an army, for which we now ufe rear.

The horfcmen might ifTue forth without dif-
turbance of the foot, and the avant-guard with-
out (huffling with the batrail or arritre. Ha^w.

Arri'ere ban. tt.f. [Cajeneuve denvei
this word from arriere and 6an ; ian
denotes the convening of the noblefle
or vafl'als, who hold fees immediately
of the crown ; and arriere, thofe who
only hold of the king mediately.] A
general proclamation, by which the
king of France fummons to the war all
that hold of him, both his own vaftTals
or the noblefle, and the vaflals of his
vaflals.

Arri'ere fee, or fief. Is a fee de-
pendant on a fuperior one. Thefe fees
commenced, when dukes and counts,
rendering their governments heredita-
ry, diftributed to their officers parts of
the domains, and permitted thofe of-
ficers to gratify the foldiers under them
in the fame manner.

Arri'ere vassal. The vaflalof a vaffal.

Tre-voux.

Arri'sion. »./ [arrijio, Lzt.} Afmiling
upon. Dia.

Arri'val. »./ [from arrive.l The aft
ofcomingtoany place ; and, figurative-
ly, the attainment of any purpofe.

How are we chang'd finte wc fii ft faw the queen !
She, like the fun, does ftill the fame appear,
Bright as ihe was at her lu-rival here. Waller.

The unravelling is the arrival of Ulyffes upon
his own illand. Broomt't View of Epic Poetry.

Arri'vance. n.f. [from arrive.] Com-
pany coiiiing : not in ufe.

Every minute is expeflancy
Of more arrrvance, Sbakefpeare.

To ARRI'VE. v. n. [arri'ver, Fr. to come

on fliore.]
I . To come to any place by water.

At length arriving on the banks of Nile,
Wearied with length of ways, and worn with toil.
She laid her down. Dryder..

1. To reach any place by travelling.

When we were arrived upon the verge of liis
eftate, we ftopped at a little inn, to reft ourfelves
and our horfes. Sidney.

3. To reach any point.

The bounds of all body we have no difficulty to
arrive at ; but when the mind is there, it finds
nothing to hinder its progrefs. Locke.

4. To gain any thing by progreffive ap-
proach.

It is the higheft wifdom by defpifing the world
to arrive at heaven ; they are blelTed who converfe
with God. Ttr/lar.

The virtuous may know in fpcculation, what
they could never arrive at by pra^icr, and avoid
the fnarcj of the crafty, Mdifin.

A R R

5 . The thing at which we arrive is always
fuppofed to be good.

6. To happen : with la before the perfon.
This fenfe feems not proper.

Happy ! to whom tiiis glorious death arrivet.
More to be valued than a thoufand lives. Waller,

7"o A r ro'd E. f . a. [arrodo, Lat.] To gna«r
or nibble. Dia,

A'rrOGAnce. ')n./. [arrogantia, Lat.].

A'rrogancy. 5 The aft or quality of
taking much upon one's felf; that fpe-
cies of pride which confifts in exorbitant
claims.

Stanley, notwithftanding (he's your wife.
And loves not me ; be you, good lord, alfur'd,
1 hate not you for her ftOM^i arrogance. Shakefp*

Pride hath no other glafs
To fliew itfeif but pride ; for fupple knees
Fepd arrogance, and arc the proud man's fees. SbaK
Pride and arrogance, and the evil way, and the
froward mouth, do I hate. Prov. viii. 13,

Difcourfirgof matters dubious, and on any co.i-
trovertible truths, we cannot, without arrogancy,
entreat a credulity. Brvtatis Vulgar Errourst

Humility it exprelTes by the ftooping and bend-
ing of the head ; arrogance, when it is lifted, or, at
we fay, toffcd up. Vrydcn^s Dufrefnoy,

A'rrogant, adj. [arrcgans, Lat.] Given
to make exorbitant claims ; haughty ;
proud.

Feagh's right unto that country which he claims,

or the ligniory therein, muft be vain and arrogant,

Spenfer on Iraand,

An arrogant way of treating with other princes

and ftates, is natural to popular governments. TVm/ifc

A'rrogantly. ad'v. [from arrogaat.]

In an arrogant manner.

Our poet may
Himfelf admire the fortune of his play ;
And arrogantly, as his fellows do.
Think he writes well, becaufehepleafesyou. Dryd,

Another, warm'd
With high ambition, and conceit of prowcfs
Inherent, arrogantly thus prefum'dj
What if this fword, full often diench'd in blood.
Should now cleave (hecr the execrable head
Of Churchill. Phittpt.

A'rrogantness. n.f. [from arrogant,]
The fame with arrogance ; which fee.

Di3.
To A'RROGATE. v. a. [arrogo, Lat.]
To claim vainly ; to exhibit unjuft
claims only prompted by pride,

1 intend to dcfcribe this battle fully, not to dt-
rogate any thing from one nation, or to arrogate to
the other, liayward.

The fo^ei arrogated unto themfelvej, that the
empire was held of them in homage.

Sir Walter Raleigh^
Who, not content
With fair equality, fraternal ftate.
Will arrogate dominion undeferv'd.
Over his brethren. Milton,

Rome never arrogated to herfelf any infallibility,
but what (he pretended to be founded upon Chrift's
promife. Tilhtfon.

Arroga'tion. «./ [from arrogate.] A
claiming in a proud unjuft manner. Dia,

Arro'sion, n.f. [(rom arrofus , Lat.] A
gnawing. Dia.

A'rrow. n.f. [apepe, Sax.] The pointed
weapon which is (hot from a bow. Darts
are thrown by the hand, but in poetry
they are confoanded.

I fwear to thee by Cupid's (Irongeft bow.
By bis bcft arroiu with the golden head. Shakefp.

Here were boys fo dcfperately refolved, as to pull
arriTOJ out of their flefli, and deliver them to be
Shot again by the archers on their fide. Hayward.

A'ftROWHEAD, n.f, [from arroi^j and

head.]

Art

. feaJ.] A water plant, fo called from
the refemblance of its leaves to the head
of an arrow. Z);V7.

A'RROwy. a.-/J. [from arriKv.'] Confift-
ing of arrows.

he law them in their foims of battle r-'ng'd,
How qulclc they whcel'd, »,d flying, behind chcm

ihot .
Sharp (Icct oferntvy fliow'r agalnft the face
Of their purfuers, and o'ercatne bv flight. M:/!or:.

AnsE.fr./. [eajje. Sax.] The buttocks,

or hind part of an animal.
To hang an Arse. A vulgar plirafe, fig-

nifying to be tardy, fluggiih, or dilatory,
for Hudiuras wore but one fpur.

As wifely linowning, could he ftir

To afii; e trot one fide of 's horfe.

The other would not hirng an arjc. Iludihras

Arse-foot. n.f. A kind of water- fowl,
called alfo a dUapper. Dia.

Arse-smart, n.f. [ferficaria, Lat.] An
herb.

A'rsenal. n.f. [ar/enak, Ital.] A re-
pofitory of things requifite to war; a
magazine of military Itores.

I would have a roo.n for the old Roman inftru-
mcnts of war. where you might fee ail the ancient
mihtary furniture, as it mighthave been in an wfi-
W enfold Rome. ^jj-f^„^

Arse kical. adj. [hom ar/enici.] Con-
taining arfenick ; confifting of arfenick.
An hereditary confumption, or one engendered
by erjenical fumes under ground, is incjpable of
cure. Vr

There are arfnical, or other like noxmuj mine-
rals lodged underneath. lyeU-ward.

A RSENicK. n.f. [ajȣ,(>!6>.] A ponder-
ous mineral fubftance, volatile and un-
inflammable, which gives a whirenefs to
metals in fufion, and proves a violent
corrofive poifon ; of which there are
three forts. Nali-ve or yello--i>j arfenick,
■ called alfo auripigmentum or orpiment,
IS chiefly found in copper-mines, lyhite
or cryftalline arfenick isextrafted from the
native kind, by fubliming it with a pro-
portion of fea fait : the fmalleft quantity
of cry(lalline<7r/r»/ci, being mixed with
any metal, abfolutely deftroys its mal-
leability : and a fingle grain will turn a
pound of copper into a beautiful feem-
ing filver, but without dudility. Red
arfenick is a preparation of the white,
made by adding to it a mineral fulphur.

- , . , . Chambers,

Jlrjtnuk IS a very deadly poifon ; held to the
tire, It emits fumes, but liquates very little.

ART. n.f. [arte, Fr. an. Lat.]
I. The power of doing fomething not
taught by nature and inftinft ; as, to
nxialk'n natural, to dance is an art.

An is properly an habitual knowledge of ccr-

ta.nrules and maxims, by whicharaan is governed

and direflcd in his aflions. ^cutb

Bled with eaoh grace of nature and of or/. Poft/

Ev n copious Dryden wanted, or forgot,

The lad and greateft art, the art to blot. fopt

2. A fcience ; as, the liberal arts.

Am that refpca the mind were ever reputed no-
b.er than thofe that ferve the body. Bm J.njm.
When did his pen on learning fix a brand,
% Or rail at urtj he did not undetftand ? Dridtn

3. A trade, ^

This obfervatioo ia afforded us by the art of
making ftigar. d /

4. Aitfolnefs; MI; dexterity. '^''

ART

ART

The art of our neccfliries is rtrange.
That can make vile things precious. Skihjp.

5. Cunning.

M re matter with Idfs art. Shahefptare,.

6. Speculation.

1 have as much of this in art as you ;
But yet my nature could not bear it fo. Sbikefp.
Arte'rial. adj. [from artery.] That
which relates to the artery;' that which
is contained in the artery.

Had cot the Maker wrought the fpringy frame,
The b!ood, defrauded of its nitrous food,
Had cool'd and languifli'd in the arterial road.

BlacktKcre.

As this mixture of blood and chyle pail'eth
through the arterial tube, it is prefled by two con-
trary forces ; that of the heart driving it forward
againft the fides of the tube, and the elaftick force
of the air prefling it on the oppofite fides of thofe
air-bladders, along the furface of which this arte-
rial tube creeps. Artuibnor.

Arterio tomy. n.f. [from a^„^U, and
Tiix.iu, to cut.] The operation of let-
ting blood from the artery : a p.'adUce
much in ufe among the French.

ARTERY, n.f [arteria, Lat.] An artery
is a conical canal, conveying the blood
from the heart to all parts of the body.
Each artery is compofed of three coats ;
of which the firft feems to be a thread of
fine blood veffels and nerves, for nou-
rifliing the coats of the artery ; the fe-
cond is made up of circular, or rather
fpiral fibres, of which there are more or
fewer flrata, according to the bignefs of
the artciy. Thcfe fibres have a Itrong
elanicity, by which they contraft them-
felves with fome force, when the power
by which they have been ftretched out
ceafes. The third and inmoft coat is a
fine tranfparent membrane, which keeps
the blood within its canal, that other-
wife, upon the dilatation of an artery,
would eafily feparate the fpiral fibres
from one another. As the arteries grow
fmaller, thefe coats grow thinner, and
the coats of the veins feem only to be
continuations of the capillary arteries.

TL ^incy.

The arteria are elaftic tubes, endned witti a con-

fraftile force, by which they drive the blood ftill

forward ; it being hindered from going backward

by the valves of the heart. Arbuthnot.

Artful, adj. [from art and /«//.]

1. Performed with art.

The laft of thefe was certainly the mod eafy,
but, for the fame reafon, the leaft artful. Dryden.

2. Artificial ; not natural.

3. Cunning; fkilful ; dexterous.

O ftill the fame, UlyfTes, (he rejoin'd,
In ufeful craft fuccefsfully refin'd.
Artful in fpeech, in aftion, and in mind. Ptpe.
A RTFULLY, ad-v. [from artful.] With
art; flcilfully; dexteroufly.

The reft in rank: Honoria, chief in place.
Was artfully contriv'd to fet her face
To front the thicket, and behold the chace. Dryd.
Vice IS the natural growth of our corruption.
How irrefiftibly mull it prevail, when the feeds of
It arc artfully lowo, and induftrioufiy cultivated I
., R'g'rs.

Artfulness, n.f [horn artful.]

I. Skill. / ■■

C'onfider with how much arlfulneji his bulk and
fituation is contrived, to havejuft matter to draw
round him thcfe malTy bodies, Cbeync.

2. Cunning.

ArTHRi'tICAL.) ]■ tc I .. 1

Arthri'tick. \ "'(/■[f'^omart^rttts.]

1. Gouty ; relating to the gout.
Frequent changes produce all the arthritiit dif-

«afes. ArbutbnU.

2. Relating to joints.

Serpents, worms, and leeches, though fome want

bones, and all extended articulations, yet have they

jrrinV.'M/ analogies ; and, by the motion of fibrous

and mufculous parts, are able to make progreflion.

Brown^i yulgar Errqun.

JRTHRrriS. n. f [ij^.l.;, from i^S^o,.
a joint.] Any diftemper thataffefts the
joints, but the gout particularly, ^incy.
A'rtichoke. n.f. [artichault, Fr.]

This plant is very like the thiftle, but hath
large fcaly heads ihaped like the cone of the pine-
tree j the bottom of each fcale, as alfo at the bot-
tom of the florets, is a thick fleihy eatable fub-
ilancc. Miller,

No herbs have curled leaves, but cabbage ani
cabbage lettuce ; none have double leaves, one be-
longing to the ftjlk, another to the fruit or feed,
but the artich'Ae. Bacon.

Articbakes contain a rich, nutritious, ftiraulating
j'''-°» Arhutbnvt on Aliments.

A'rtichoke of Jerufakm. A fpecies of

fun-flower.
A'rtick. adj. [it (hould be written arc

tick, from a^xiiz©-.] Northern ; under

the Bear. See Arctick.

But they would have winters like thofe beyond
the art'.ck circle ; for the fun wo>;Id be 80 degrees
from them. _ Bro^un,

In the following example it is, con-
trary to cuftom, fpelt after the French
manner, and accented on the laft fylla-
ble. •'

To you, who live in chill degree.
As map informs, of fifty.three.
And do not much fir cold atoine.
By bringing thither fifty-one,
Methinks all climes (hould be alike.
From troplck e'en to pole artique, Dryden

A'RTICLE. n.f [articulus. Lat.]

1. A part of fpeech, as, the, an ; the man,
an ox.

2. A fingle claufe of an account ; a parti-
cular part of any complex thing.

Laws touching matters of order arc changeable '
by the power of the church ; artielii concerning
doftrine, not fo. Hooktr,

Have the fummary of all our griefs,
When time Ihall ferve to flicw in ariielcs. Shakrff.

.Many believe thcar/ic/f of rcmillion of fins, but

believe it without the condition of repentance. We

believe the article otherwile than God intended it.

Taylor's Holy Living.

All the precepts, promlfcs, and threatening: of
the gofpel will rife up in judgment again!! us j and '.
the articles of our faith will be fo many aiticles of
acci'«itioni and the great weight of our charge
will be this. That we did not obey the gofpel which'
we profeded to believe ; that we made confrlTion of
the thriftian faiti;, but lived like heathens. Tilhtfon,

You have fmall reafon to repine upon that arti-
f/^ of life. s-wift.

3. Terms ; ftipulations.

1 embrace theft conditions; let uj have artielet
between us. Shakejpcare,

It would have gall'd his furly nature.
Which eafily endures not article.
Tying him to aught. Sbakefpcare.

4. Point of time ; exaft time.

If Cansficld had not, in that article of time,
given them that brilk charge, by which other troops
were ready, the king himfcif had been ia danger.

Clarendon,

To A'rticve. 'V, ». [from the noun ar-
ticle.] To llipulate ; to make terms.

Such

A R T

Sach in lore's warfare ii my cafe,
r may not triicic for grace,
Hiving put love at lad to iTiow this {\ce, Dcimt.

He had not infringed the lead tittle of what vias
^rtklfd, Chat ihcy aimed at one mark, and their
«jid< were concentriclc. Hmicl'i fical Fntfl.

If it be faid, Cod chofe the futicelTor, that is ma-
nifelUy not fain the ftoryof Jrphtha, whrre hoar-
tkltj wi'h the people, and they made him jiidgt-
over thcin. Ltxkr.

To A'rtici. E. v. a. To draw up in par-
ticular articles.

Hf, %vho!'e life feems fair, yet if all hit crrotirs
and folliei were «rfii/c</ again ft him, the roan would
fttm vicious and miferable.

Taylor's Rate of Hving My.
Arti'cui,aR. ai/j, [articularis, Lat.]
Belonging to the joints. In medicine,
an epithet applied to a difeafe, which
more immediately infeds the joints.
Thas the gout is called morbus artUula-
ril.
•A R T I'c u L A T E . adj. [from arthulus, Lat.]
t. Diilinft ; divided, as the parts of a
limb are divided by joints ; not conti-
nued in one tone, as articulate founds ;
that is, founds varied and changed at
proper paufes, in oppofition to the voice
of animals, which admit no fuch variety.
An articulate pronunciation, a manner
of fpeaking clear and diftinft, in which
one found is not confounded with ano-
ther.

In fpeaking under water, when the voice is re-
duced to an extreme exility, yet the arl'iculate
founds, the words, are not onTounded. Bmtn.

The firft, at leart, of thefe I thought deny'd
To bcafls j whom God, on their creation-day.
Created mute to all articuLte found. Milim.

Antiquity ixprefled numbers by the fingers on
•itber hand. On the left, they accounted their
digits and art'tcuJate numbers unto an hundred j on
the right hand, hundreds and thoufand?.

Srcnvns Vulgar Erroun.

a. Branched out into articles. This is a
meaning little in ufe.

Henry's inftruflionJ were extrtm"* dnr'ious and
crticulate ; and, in them, more articles tooching
inquifition, than negotiation : requiring an anfwer
in diftinft articles to his queilions. Bacw.

Ti Arti'culate. -v. a, [itom article.']
I . To form words ; to utter diltinft fylla-
bles ; to fpeak as a man.

The dogmatift knows not by what art he dircils/
his topguc, in articidjt'wg founds into voices.

GlamjWe.

Parifian academifts, in their anatomy of apes,
tell us, that the mufcles of their tongue, which do
moft ferve to erticulalt a word, were wholly like
thofe of man. Ray en the Creation.

They would advance in knowledge, and not de-
ceive thcmfelvcs with a little artkulatij air. f,eckc.

3. To draw up in articles.

Thefe things, indeed, you have artktilatcJ,
ProcUim'd at market-crofles, read iji churches.
To face the garment of rebellion
With fomc fine colour. Shahfftare.

3. To make terms ; to treat. Thefe two
latter fignirications are unufual.

Send us to Rome
The bcft, with whom we may articulate
For their own good and ours. Xtaltrfi>rare.

To Arti'culate. -v. n. To fpeak dif-

tindlly.
Arti'culately. ati-v. [from artitulati,']

In an articulate voice.

The fccret purpofe of our hcartj nVlefs art'icu-
Uirly fpokcn to God, wlx) needs not our words to
4ifccra our meaning. Dttay of Piety.

ART

A»Ti'cuLATEKE3i. ti. f. [from arricti.
late.] The quality of being articulate.
Artici;La'tion. »./. [from arliculau.]
I. The jundure, or joint of bonei.

With relation to the m tim of the toneiin their
arliculatim, there is a twofold liquor prepared for
the inun^ion and lubrification ol their heads, >n
oily one, and a mucilagimus, fuppjied by certain
glandules fcated in the ar:icu!uti(;Ks. Ray.

z. The aft of forming words.

I conceive that an ixtrcme final!, or an extreme
great found, cannot be ai ti«ulate, but that the ar-
luulatitn requireth a mediocrity of found. Bacm.

By articulation I mean a peculiar motion and
figure of fome parts belonging to the mouth, be.
twccn the throat and lips. llotdir.

3. [In botany.] The joints or knots in

fome plants, as the cane.
A'rtifice. n.f. [art:Jicium,L9X.']

1. Trick; fraud; ftratagem.

It needs no legends, no fcrvicc in an unknown
tongue j nolle of all thefe laborious artifices of igno-
rance ; none of all thefe cloaki and coverings.

Sttuth,

2. Art ; trade ; fldll obtained by fcience
or praftice.

Arti'ficer. n./. [artifex, Lat.]

1 . An artift ; a manufafturer ; one by
whom any thing is made.

The lights, doors, and ftairs, rather directed to
the ufe of the guell, than to the eye o( the artificer.

Sidney.

The great artificer would be more than ordina-
rily exail in drawing his own pifturc. South.

In the prafticcs of anificeri, and the manufac-
tures of feveral kinds, the end being propofed, we
find out ways. Locke.

2. A forger ; a contriver.

He, foon aware.
Each perturbation fmooth'd with outward calm.
Artificer o( fraud ! and was the firft
That praftis'd falfehood under faintly rticw. Mih.

Th' artificer of lies
Renews th' aflault, and his laft batt'rj tries.

Dry den.

3. A dexterous or artful fellow : not in ufe.

Let you alone, cunning artificer. Ben Jonfiin.
Artifi'cial. adj. [arttficiel, Fr.]
1. Made by art; not natural.

Bafilius ufcd the artificial day of torches to
lighten the fports their inventions could contrive,

Sidney.

The curtains clofely drawn the light to (kreen.
As if he had contriv'd to lie unfeeo :
Thus covcr'd witli an artificial night,
Sleep did his ofiicr. Dryden.

There is no natural motion perpetual ; yet it
doth not hinder but that it is poifiblc to contrive
fuch a'n artificial revolution. ff^iHini.

z. Fiditious ; not genuine.

Why, I can fmilc, and murder while I fmile.
And cry. Content, to that which grieves my heart,
And wet my cheeks with artificial tca;J. Shakef/i.

The rcfohition which we cannoC reconcile to
public good, has been fupported by an obfequious
party, and then with ufjal methods confirmed by
an artificial majority. S-.iift.

3. Artful ; contrived with flrifl.

'1 hefc feem to be the more artificial, is thofe of
a fingle perfon the more natural governments.

Artificial Arguments. [In rhctorick.]
Are proofs on confiderations which arife
from the genius, induilry, or invention
of the orator ; which are thus called, to
dillinguifh them from laws, authorities,
citations, and the like, which are faid
to be inartificial arguments.

Artificial Lines, on a fedlor or fcale,
are lines fo contrived as to reprefent the

ART

logarithmick fines and tangents ; which,
by the help of the line of numbers, lolve,
with tolerable exailnefs, queftions ia
trigonometry, navigation, <Sc.

Chambtri,

Artificial Humbert, are the fame with
logarithms.

Artifi'ciallv. ad-j. [from artificial.']

1 . Artfully ; with (kill ; with good con''
trivance.

How cunningly he made his faultinefs lefs, how
artificially he fct out the torments of his own can-
fcience. Siilvey.

Should any one be caft upon a defolate ifland,'
and find there a palace artificially contrived, and
curioufly adorned. Ray.

2. By art ; not naturally.

It is covered on all fides with earth, crumbled
into powder, as if it had been artificially fifted.

Meltfcn.

Artifi'ci ALNESS. H./.\_hom artificial.']
Artfulncfs. Di^t.

Artifi'cious. adj. [from artifice.'] Ihe
fame w'ith.artificial.

Arti'llery. »./. It has no plural, [artil-
lerie. Fr.]

1. Weapons of war; always ufed of mif-
live weapons.

And Jonathan gave his artillery unto his lad,
and faid unto him. Go, carry them unto the city.

I Samuel,

2. Cannon ; great ordnance.

Have I not i\eard great ordnance in the field ^
And heav'n's artillery thunder in the ikies ?

Shateffeare.

I'll to the Tower with all the hafte I can'.

To view th' artillery and ammunition. Shakeff.

Upon one wing the attiltery was drawn, being

fixtecn pieces, every piece having pioneers to plain

the ways. HaytoarcU

He that views a fort to' take it.
Plants his artillery 'gainft the weakeft place.

Deiitam.
Artisa'n. n.f. [French.]

1. Artift; profeffor of an art.

What are the moft judicious arli/ans, but the
mimicks of nature ? ff^i,tton'sj4rciite(hire,

Beft and happieff artifan,
Beft of painters, if you can.
With your many-colour'd art.
Draw the miftrcfs of my heart. Guardian.

2. Manufafturer ; low tradefman.

1 who had none but generals to oppofcme, muit
have an artijan for my antagonlft. Addjfoit.

A'rtist. n.f. [art'fie, Fr. ]

1. The profeffor of an art, generally of
an art manual.

How to build fliips, and dreadful ordnance cai^,
Inftruft the arrifis, a.id revv.ird their hafte. ffa.'lr.

Rich with the fpoils of many aconquer'd land.
All arts and aitifis Thefcus could command.
Who fold for hire, or wrought for better fame :
The mailer painters and the car\'ers came. Dryd»

When 1 made this, .in artifi undertook to imi-
tate it ; but ufing another way, fell much Ihort.
Newton's Ofiicin

2. A fkilful man; not a novice.

If a!iy one thinks himfelf an artifi at this, let
him number up the p.u-ts of lilj diild's boJv.

'U.it.

-Vrtlesly. ad^v. [from artleft.]

1. In an artlefs manner ; withoat ficilL

2. Naturally ; fmcerely ; without craft.

Nature snd truth, though never fo low or vuU
gar, arc yet pleafing, when openly and artlcjiy re-
prefented. Pofe,

A'rtless. adj. [from art and lefs.]
I. Un/kilful ; wanting art; fometimes with
the particle cf.

Tlfc

A S

The hljli-flioed plowmaa, diouU he quit the
landf
ArtUfs of ftars, and of the moving fand. DiyJ.

2. Void of fraud; as, 3.n artlefi maid.

3. Contrived without fkill ; as, an artU/s tale.
Arundina'ceous. adj. \_arundinactus,

Lat.] Of or like reeds. Dia.

Arundi'neous. adj. ^ arundineus, Lat.]

Abounding with reeds.
As. conjunfl. [als, Teut.]

1. In the fame manner with fomething
clfe.

When thou doft hear I ana as I have been,
Approach me, and thou flialt be ai thou waft.

Stakdfeare.

Tn finging, as in piping, you excel ;
And fcarceyouimafter could perform fo well. Dryd.

I live as I did, 1 think ai I did, 1 love you at
1 did ; but all theie are to r.o purpofe : the worU
will not live, think, or love as I do. Swift.

2. In the manner that.

Mad as I was, I could not bear his fate
With filent grief, but loudly blam'd the ftate.

Drydtn's j^r.eid.

The landlord, in his fliirt as he was, taking a
candle in one hand, and a drawn fword in the other,
ventured out of the room. jfrbutbmt and Popt>

3. That ; in a confequential fenfe.

'I he ctnnirgeft mariners were fo conquered by
the ftorm, as they thought it bed with ftricken
fails to yield to be governed by it. Sidney.

He had fuch a dexterous proclivity, as his teach-
ers were fain to rcftrain his foiwardnefi. Wttlon.

The relations arc fo uncertain, as they require
a great deal of examination. Bac^n.

God (ball by grace prevent fin fo foon, as to
keep the foul in the virginity of its firft ioBOcence.

Sculb.

.4. In the ftate of another.

Madam, were 1 as you, I'd take her counfel J
I'd fpeak my own diftrefs.

A. Pki/ifs, D:frcJ} Mahir.

3. Under a particular confideraiion ; with
a particular refpeft.

BefiJes that law which concemeth men »' men,
and that which belongs unto men as they ate men,
linked with others in fome fociety ; there is a
third which touches a 1 feveral bodies politick, fo
far forth as one of them hath publrck concerns
with another. HooUr'i Ecdef. Polity.

D.ir'ft thou be as good as thy word now ?—
Why, Hal, thou knowefl, as thou art but a
man, 1 dare; but as thou ait a prince, I fear thee,
as 1 fear the roaring of the lion's whelp.

SUkff. Uinry IV.

The objeflions that are raifcd a^c. irift it as a tra-
gedy, are as follow. Gay's Prcf. to lytat Sye iaii is.

6. Like ; of the fame kind with.

A fimple idea is one uniform idea, as fweet,
bitter. ff^aiis.

7. In the fame degree with.

Where you, uulefs you are as matter blind,
Conduft andheauteous difpofition find. BiackitKre,

Well haft the ufpoke, the blue-eyed maid replies,
Thou good oW nran, benevolent as wife. Pcjjis Od.

S. As if; according to the manner that
would be if.

1 he fquire began nlgher to approach,
And wind his horn under the caftle-wall.
That with the noiic it fliook as it would fall.

Fairy l^uren.

They all contended to creep into his humour,
tod to do that, <ix>f themfclves, which they con-
ceived he delircd they Hiould do. Hayward.
Contented in a neft of intyJt
^ He lies, as he hit hlifi did know.

And to the wood no more wouSd go, Walltr.

So hot th' siTault, fo high the tumult rofe,
As all the D irdan and Argolitk race
Had b«en contrived in that narrow (pace. Dryd.

Can mtlery no place of iafccy know ?
The noife purfues tne whcrefoe'er 1 go,
As fate ibuebt only me. Drjd, Aurngsttbe.

A S

9. According to what. '

Who then is Paul, and who IJ ApoUos, but
minifters by whom ye believed, even as the Lord
gave to every man, I Cor.

Their figure being printed,

^j jull before, I think, I hinted.

Alma inform'd can try the cafe. Prior.

The republick is (hut up in the great duke's
dominions, who at prel'ent is very much incenfed
againft it. The occalion is as follows.

Addifin SIS Italy.

10. As it were ; in fome fort.

As for the daughters of king Edward I"V. they

thought king Richard had faid enough for them;

and took them to be but as of the king's party,

becaufc they were in his power, and at his difpofal.

Bacon^s Henry V 11.

1 1. While ; at the fame time that.

At either end, it whiftlcd as it flew,
And as the brands were green, fo dropp'd the dew;
Infected as it fell with fueat of fan^uine hue.

Dry den.
Thefe haughty words Ale^o's rage provoke.
And frighted Turnus trembled as (he fpoke.

Dryden.
So the pure limpid dream, when foul with llains
Of ru(hing torrents, and defcending rains.
Works itleif clear ,^ and as it runs refines.

Addifon's Cato.

12. Becaufe.

He that commanded the injury to be done, is
firft bound ; then he that did it ; and they alfo are
obliged who did fo a(Bft, as without them the
thing could not have been done. Taylor.

1 3 . Becaufe it is ; becaufe they are.

The kernels draw out of the earth juice fit to
nouriJh the tree, as thofe that would be trees them-
feWes. Bacon.

14. Equally.

Before the place
A hundred doors a hundred entries grace ;
As many voices i(fue, and the found
Of Sybji's words as many times rebound. Dryden.

15. How; in what manner.

Men aie generally permitted to pub1i(h books,

and concradidt others, and even tl;emfelves, as they

^picafe, with as little danger of being Gpn^'uteJ, as

of beii;g underftood. ' B'jyh.

16. With; anfwering io Hie or feme.

Sifter, wrii met; v\hicher away (o ii^ ?—
^Upon the like devotion as yourf--Jves,
To gtatulate the gentle princes t}v*re.

Shakefp. Richard HI.

17. In a reciprocal fenfe, anfwering to as.
Every ortence committed in the ftate of nature,

may, in the ftate of nature, be alfo punifiied, and
as far fjrth a% it may in a comnionwealth. Locke.
As fure as it is good, that human natur'; (houfd
exift; fo certain it is, thjt tiic circular revolutions
Of" the earth and planets, rather than other mt ti;)ns
which might as poflibly have been, do declare God.

Bcntley.

18. Going before as, in a comparative
fenle ; the firft as being fometimes un-
derftood.

Sempronius is as brave a roan as Cato. Addif^n.
Blight as the Ain, and like the morning fair.

CranvilU.

19. Anfwering in fuch.

li it nt every man's intercIV, that there fhould
be Jiuh a goiernour of the world as defigns our
happin^fs, as would govern us for our advantage }

Tiliolfor..

2a, Having fo to anfwer it ; in a condi-
tional fenfe.

As tit as tliry carry light and conviftion to any
other man'» mderftandicg./o far, I h'lpe, my la-
bjur may be of xi(e t/a him. hi^ke.

21. 5« is ibmetimes undtrllood.

As in my »pe';uUtions 1 have endeavoured to
extinguilh paftiun and prejudice, 1 am ftill dclirouii
of dcing fome good in this particular. SfiHator.

A S C

2 2. Anrwering to fo conditionally.

So may th* aufpicious queea of love
To thee, O facred ilnp, be kind;
As thou, to whom the mufe commends
The belt of poets and of friends,
Doft thy committed pledge rcftore. Dryden^

33. Before henv it is fometimes redundant;
but this is in low language.

As how, dear Syphax .-' Addifons Cato*

24. It feems to be redundant before ^^^;
to this time.

Though that war continued nine years, and this
hath as yet laftcd but fix, yet there hath been much
more aftion in the prefent war. Addifan,

25. In a fenfe of comparifon, followed

by fo.

As wlien a dab-chick wabbles through the copfe
On feet and wings, and flics, and wades, and hops)
So lab'ring on, with (boulders, hands, and head.
Wide as a mindmiU all his figure fpread. Pope*-

26. As FOR ; with refpeft to.

As for the reft of thofe who have written againft
me, they deferve not the leaft notice.

Dryden s Faifes, Preface*

27. As IP ; in the fame manner that it
would be if.

Anfwering their queftlons, as if it were a mat-
ter that needed it. Locke.

28. As TO ; with refpeft to.

1 pray thee, fpeak to me as to thy thinkings,
As thou doft ruminate; and give thy worft of

thoughts
The worft of words. Shakefp. Othello,

They pretend, in general, to great refinements,
as to what regards ChrilVianity. Addifonon Italy,
I was miftaken as to the day, phtcing that acci-
dent about thirty-fix hours fooner than it happened.

Stiiift.

29. As WELL A»; equally with.

Each man's mind has fome peculiarity, as veil
as his face, that diftinguilhes him from all others.

Locke.-

It is adorned with admirable pieces of fculpture,
as xueU modern as ancient. Addijon on Italy.

30. As though; as if.

Thele {liould be at firft gently treated, as though
weexpe^ed an impofthuniation. Sharp'' s Svrg.

J'Sd DULCIS. SeeBevzoiN.

^'SJ FOETID J. \ n.f A gum or refia

ASS A FOETID A. J brought from the
Eaft Indies, of a Iharp tafte, and a ftrong
offenfive fmell ; which is faid to diftil,
during tiie heat of (iimmer, from a little
flirub. Chambers.

ASARABA'CCJ. u.f [afarum, Lat.] The
name of a pLint.

Asbe'stine. «a)'. [^(rom afhtjfcs ."] Some-
thing incombuftible, or that partakes pf
the nature and <juaiities of the laj>is af-
hefios.

ASBESTOS, n.f [«<7€„-o..] A fort of jia-
tire fcffile ftcne, which may be fplit into
threads and filaments, from one inch to
ten iochts in length, very fine, briitlt,
yet fomewhojt ira<Jtable, Alky, and of a
greyilh colour. It is almoil infipii to
the tafte, indilToluble in water, and
endued with the wonderful property of
remaining unconfumcd in the fire. But
in two trials before 'Jie Royai Society,*
piece of cloth made of tliis ilone was
found to lofe a dram of its weight each
time. This ftone is found in Anglefey
in Wales, and in Aberdcenfliire in Scot-
land. Chambers.

ASCA'RIDF.S. n.f. [airxa^i^i;, froma?|(a.

{ifai, to leap.] Little worms in the reftam.

'A.S'C

Co called from their continual trouble-
fome motion, caufing an intolerable itch-

ing.

9.

uincy.

Tc ASCE'ND. -v. n. [a/cemh, Lat.J

1 . To move upwards ; to mount ; to rife.

Thai to the hcav'n of hea\^ns ihall he itfctrtd)
With viftjry, triumphing tliTOugh the air
Over his toes and thine, Hfi/tort.

2. To proceed from one degree of good
to another.

Bv thefe ftcps we ihall afcenj to more juft ideis
of the glory of Jefus Cbrill, who it intimately
united to God, and is one with hiin.

Wa/ri'j Imfr^vemetii cf tie Mind.

3. To ftand higher in genealogy.

The only inceft wai* in the ajcejidingt not colla-
teral branch ; as when parents and children mar-
ried, this was accounted inccll.

Brsome'i Notei on the Odypiy.

7e Asce'nd. f. a. To climb up any thing.

They ajcmd the mountains, they dcfcer.d the
vallies, Delaney's Rnielathn exatr.intd,

Asce'ndable. ii<^'. [nova afcend."] That
may be afcended. Di3.

Asce'ndant. n.f. [from afcend.'\

1. The par-t of the ecliptick at any parti-
cular time above the horizon, which is
fuppofed by aftrologers to have great
influence.

2. Height ; elevation.

He wjs initiated, in order to gain inftruSion in
fciences that were there in their higheft ajcer.dant.

TemfU.

3. Superiority ; influence.

By the afcmdant he had in his undcrftandlng,
and the dexterity of his nature, he could pcrfuade
him veiy much. Clarendon.

Some ftar, I find.
Has giv'n thee an jjceiidoit o'er my mind. Dryd.

When they have got an afcndant over them,
they (hould ufe it with modeiation, and not make
themfelves fcarecrows. Locke,

4. One of the degrees of kindred reckoned
upwards.

The moft nefarious kind of baftards, are inccf-
tuous baftards, which are begotten between ofand-
ants and defccndants irt injiiutum ; and betAveen
collaterals, as far as the divine prohibition.

Ayitffei Parergcn.
Asce'ndant. at(/.

■ I . Superiour ; predominant j overpower-
ing.

Chrift outdoes Mofes, before he difplaccs him ;
ind fhews an afandant fpirit abtwe him. South,

2. In an aftrological fenfe, above the ho-
rizon.

Let him ftudy the conftcllation of Pegafus, which
is about that time afandant, Brywrii Vulg* Err.

Asce'ndency. B.yl [from <J/fM</.] In-
fluence ; power.

Cuftom has feme afcadeney over underftanding,
and what at one time feemed decent, appears dif-
agreeablc afterwards. tVatti.

Asce'nsion. n./. \afctnfio, Lat.]
1. The aft of afcending or rifing ; fre-
quently applied to the vifible elevation
of our Saviour to heaven.

Then rifing from his grave,
Spoil'd principalities, and pow'rs, triuinph'd
In open flicw; and, with afcnjicn briglit.
Captivity led car tive through the air. Farad. LoJ).

a. The thing rifing, or mounting.

Men err in the theory of inebriation, conceiv-
ing the brain doth only fuffer from vaporous aj-
tcnP>i%s from the ftomach. Bntvn'i ^ulg. Err.

Asce'nsion, in allronomy, is tixhei right
or ohlique. Right afcenjica ot the fun,
or a liar, is that degree of the equinoc-
tial, counted from the beginning of

AS C

Aries, which rife* with the fun or ftar
in a right fphere. Oblique ajceufwn is
an arch of the equator intercepted be-
tween the firil point of Aries, and that
point of the equator which rifes together
with a ftar in an oblique fphere.

Asce'nsion-day. The day on which
the afcenfion of our Saviour is comme-
rooratcd, commonly called Holy Thurf-
day ; the Thurfday'but one before Whit-
funtide.

Asce'nsionalD-^^w«, is the difference
between the right and oblique afcenfion
of the fame point to the furface of the
fphere. Chambtrs.

Asce'nsive. /7<^". \(xom a/cerui.'] Inaftate
of afcent : not in ufe.

The cold augments when the days begin to in-
creafe, though the fun be then ajcmftve, and re-
turning from the winter tropick.

Brmvns J^ulgar Erroun.

Asce'nt. »./. [nfcen/us, Lat.]

1 . Rife ; the aft of riling ; the aft of
mounting.

To him with fwift afcent he up retum'd.
Into his blifsful bofom rcaflum'd
In glory, as pf old. MUtoti.

2. The way by which one afcends.

The temple, and the feveral degrees of efcfrt
whereby men did climb up to the fame, as if it
had been afcala ceeli, be all poetical and fabulous.

Bacn.
It was a rock
Confpicuous far ; winding with one afcent
Acceflible from earth, one entrance high. MUtoti.

3. An eminence, or high place.

No land like Italy erefts the fight
By fuch a vaft afceni, or fwells to fuch a height.

Mdifan.

A wHe flat cannot be pleafant in the Elyfian

fields, unlefs it be diverfified with depreffed valleys

and I'wclling afcenti, Ber:t!iy.

To ASCERTA'IN. -v. a. [acertener, Fr.]

1. To make certain ; to fix ; to eftablifti.

The divine law both af:eriaini:b the truth, and
fupplieth unto us the want of other laws. Holier,

Money differs from uncoined Cher in this, that
the quantity of filver in each piece is afccrid'weJ
by the ilamp. Lueke.

2, To make confident; to tafte away
doubt ; often with of.

Right judgment of myfelf, may give me the
other certainty ; that is, afcerlain roe that I am in
the number of God's children.

Har-.mond'i PraHical Catechfrn.

This makes us id with a repofe of mind and

wonderful tranquillity, bec»jfc it aferiains us of

the goodncfs of uur work. Dryden't Dufrefnoy.

Ascerta'iner. ». /. [from a/certain.]

The perfon that proves or eftablifties.
Ascerta'inment. «./. [from n/certai/t.]
A fettled rule ; an eilabliftied ftandard.
For want of afcenainmeni, how far a writer may
exprefs his good wilhes for his country, innocent
intentions may be charged with crimes.

Swift to Lord Midd/ettn,

Asce'tick. aiij. [ao-x>j1ixo«.] Employed
wholly in exercifes of devotion and mor-
tification .

Niine lived fuch long lives as monks and her-
mits, fequfftercd from plenty to a conftant afcelici
coutfc oi the fcverell abftinence and devotion.

Soutb.

Asce'tick. n. /. He that retires to de-
votion and mortification ; a hermit.

I am far from commending thofc efeiickt, that
out of a pretence of keeping themfelves uirfpotted
from the vvorM, take up their quarters in delarts.

tsorrir.

ASH

He tliat preaches to man, Ihould underftand
what is in man ; and that (kill can fcarce be .it-
tiined by an afcelkk in his folitudes. jliierbury,

A'SCll. n.f. It has nofingular, [from a,
without, and o->^ii, a ftiadow.] Thofc
people who, at certain times of the year,
have no (hadow at noon ; fuch are the
inhabitants of the torrid zone, becaufe
they have the fun twice a year vertical
to them. Dia.

Asci'tes. n.f, [from oun^, a bladder.]
A particular fpecies of dropfy ; a fwell-
ing of the lower belly and depending
parts, from an extravafation and collec-
tion of water broke out of its proper
veflels. This cafe, when certain and in-
veterate, is univerfally allowed to admit
of no cure but by means of the manual
operation of tapping. Siuincj,

There are two kinds of dropfy, the anafarca,
called alfo leucophlegmacy, when the extravafated
matter fwims in the cells of the membrana adi.
pofa ; and the afciies, when the water poncfles the
cavity of the abdomen. Sharp's Surgery.

Asci'tical. 1 a.^'. [from afcites.'\ Be-
Asci'tick. 3 longing to an afcites ;
dropfical ; hydropical.

When it is part of another tumour, it is hydro-
pica!, either anafarcous or afchical, ti^rfm, Surg,
Asciti'tious. tieij. [afcititius,La.t.'\ Sup-
plemental ; additional ; not inherent :
not original.

Homer has been reckoned an afcit'itiout name,
from fome accident of his life. Pofe.

Ascri'bable. at/J, [from afcribe,] That
which may be afcribed.

The greater part have been forward to rejeft It,
upon a miHaken perfuafion, that thofe phocno-
mena are the cftlfts of nature's abhorrency of a
vacuum, which icem to be more fitly afcribah'.e to
the wught and fpring of the air. Boyle,

To ASCRI'BE. 'V, a. [afcribo, Lat.]

1. I'o attribute to as a caufe.

The caufe of his banilhment is unknown, be-
caufe he was unwilling to provoke the emperor, by
afcriiirg it to any other reafon than what was pre.
tended. Drydrn.

To this we may juftly afcr'tbt thofe jealoufics
and encroachments, which render mankind uneafy
to one another. Rogers.

2. To attribute as a quality to perfons, or
accident to fubftance.

Thefe pcrfeiftions muft be fomewhcrc, and there.
fore may much better be afcribed to God, in whoB»
we fuppofe all other perfeflions to meet, than to
any thing clfe. Tilkifon.

AscRi'pTiON. n.f. [eifcriftio, Lat.] The
acl of afcribing. Dia.

AscRi'pTiTious.fliiy. [afcriptitius, Lat.]
That which is afcribed. Dia.

Ash. n.f. [fraxinus, Lat. aej-c, Saxon.]

1 . A tree.

This tree hath pennated leaves, which end in an
odd lobe. The male flowers, which grow at a re-
mote diftancc from the fruit, have no petals, but
confift of many ftamina. The ovary becomes a
feed-vcfTcl, containing one feed at the bott.m,
IhapeJ like a bird's tongue. Miller.

With which of old he charm'd the favage train,
And cali'd the mountain apet to the plain. Pryd.

2. The wood of the alb.

Let me twine
Mine arms aSout that body, where ag ainft
My grained ffti an hundred times hath broke.
And fcar'd the moon with fplintf rs.

Sbakcfp, Corichnui.

Asha'med. adj. [ftom Jhamc.] Touched

with fliarae ; generally with of before

the

ASH

the caufe of fliame if a noun, and to if a
verb.

Profefs publickly the dofttine of Jtfus Chrift,
not being afrlmed of the word of God, or c/"any
prafliccs enjoined by it. Taylor's Holy L'lying.

One would have thought (he would hive ftirr"d ;
but ftrove
With modefty, and was ajkam'd to move. Drydin.

This I have ftiadosvcU, that you may not be
cjhamtd of tiiiX. hero, whofe proteflion you under-
take. Dryden.
AsH-coLOURED. adj. [ffom ajh and co-
/oac.] Coloured between brown and
grey, like the bark of an aOien branch.

CUy, ajlj-cd!,Hred, was part of a ftratum which
lay above the ftrata cf ftone. \Vmihi;crd onFoJpl:.

A'sHEN. adj. [from «/&.] Made of afh
wood.

At once he faid, and threw
His ajheri (yeix, which qulver'd as it fiew. Dryd.

A'sHES. n.f. ivants the Jingular. [aj-ca.
Sax. aj'che., Dutch.]

1, The remains of any thing burnt.

Some relicks would be left of it, as when ajhn
Itmain of burned bodies. I^'g^} o" B:dis.

This late diflenfion, grown between the peers,
Burns under feigned ajhfi of forg'd love.
And will at laft break out into a flame.

Stakfff. HmryVl.

AOic! cintain a very fertile fait, and are the bed
manure for cold lands, if kept dry, that the rain
dith n')t w-arti away their fait. Morrimer'i ilujh,

2. The remains of the body ; often ufed
in poetry for the carcafe, from the an-
cient praftice of burning the dead.

Poor kcy-C''ld figure of a holy king !
Pale ajhes of the huuie of Lancaller !
Thou bloodlcfs remnant of that royal blood !

Stakeffeart.
To great Laertes I bequeath
A talk of grief, his ornaments of death ;
he^f when the fates his royal ajhcs claim,
I'he Grecian matrons taint Iny fpotlcfs name.

Popr.

A'sHLAR. «./ [with mafons.] Free fiones
as they come out of the quarry, of dif
ferent lengths, breadths, and thick-
nert'es.

A'sHLEERiNc. ». / [with buiIdcrs.]
Quartering in garrets, about two foot
an4 a half or three foot high, perpendi-
cular to the floor, and reaching to the
under fide of the rafters.

Bui/dfr't Dia.

Asho're, ad'v. [from a and Jhore.}

1. On (hore ; on the land.

The poor Englifliman riding in the road, having
a'.l that he brought thither afbore, would have been
undone. RaU'tgh.

2. To the (hore ; to tTie land.

We may as bootlefs fpend our v^ln command,
A; fend our precepts to the leviathan
To come ajhori. Shaktff. Uttiry V.

May thy billows rowl afhvre
The beryl, and the golden ore. Mdioi's dmut.

Moor'd in a Chian creek, afiorr I went.
And all the following night in Chios fpent.

AddiJ'jii's Ovid,

Ashwe'dnesday. ». / The firft day of
Lent, fo called from tjie ancient cuftom
of fprinkling allies on the head.

A'sHWEED. tt. /. [from aJh and -weed.]
An herb.

A'sHY. adj. [from afl>.'\ Alh-colourcd ;
pale ; inclining to a whitifh^rey.

Oft hjve ] fcen a tii^'y parted ghoft
Of «^ ftmblance, meagre, pale, and blondlefs.

Sbakrjptare.

Vol. I,

ASK

.Asi'de. adv. [from « andyfrfif.]

1 . To one fide ; oat of the perpendicular
direction.

The llorm rulh'd in, and Arcite flood aghaft ;
The flames wtre blown ifidi, yet (lione they bright,
Fann'd by the wind, and gave a ruffled light.

Drydin.

2. To another part ; out of the true direc-
tion.

He had no brother; which though it be a com-
fortable thing for kings to have, yet it diawetl:
the fubjeils eyes a little afidi. Bacon.

3. From the company ; as, to fpeak a/ide.

He took him afidt from the multitude.

Afcri, vii. 33.

k' SI K ^1t.Y. adj. [afinarius, Lat.] Belong-
ing to an afs. Diil.

A'sinine. adj. [from afinus, Lat.] Be-
longing to an afs.

Yiu Ihall have more ado to drive our duUefl
youth, our flocks and ftubs from fuch nurture, than
we have now to hale our choiceft and hopefullei'.
wits to that afinine feaft of fuw-thiftles and bram-
bles. Milton.

To Ask. n}. a. [aj-cian, Saxon.]

1. I'o petition; to beg: fometimes with
an accufati-ve only ; fometimes with/'or.

When thou dolt ajk me httjfing, I'll kneel aown.
And aJk of thee forgrutntfs. Sbakej'fcare.

We have nothing elfe to a/k, but that
Which you deny already : yet will aJk,
That, if we fail in our requcll, the blame
May hang upon your hardnvfs. Shakefpeare.

In long journies, aJk your maftcr Itave to givf-
ale M the horfcs. .^ti'if.,

2. To demand; to claim: as, to afi a
price for goods.

A/i me never fo much dowry and gift, and I

will give according as ye (hall fay unto me: but

give me the damlel to wife. Gcmfn, xxxiv. 12.

He faw his friends, who, whelm'd beneatli the

waves.

Their funeral honours ctaim'd, and ajk'd their

quiet graves. Drydin s Ane'id.

3. To queftion.

O inhabitant of Aroer, (land by the way and
efpy, ojk liim that flieth, and her that efcapeth,
and foy, what is done ? "Jcnmiah, xlviii. rg.

4. To enquire ; with after before the thing.

He faid, wlieiefoiT is it that thou doll aJk ajiir
rti^ name ? And he blefled him there.

Gcncftiy xxxii. 29.

5. To require, as phyfically neceflary.

As it is a great point of art, when our matter
requires it, to enlarge and veer out all fail ; fo tr
take it in and contrail it, is no lefs praife when the
argument doth ajk it. Ben Jcnfin.

A lump of ore in the bnttim of a mine will be
ftirred by two men's ftrengih; which, if you bring
it to the top of the earth, will aJk &x men to (lit it.

Bacon,

The adminiftration paffes into different hands
at tlie end of two months, which contributes to
dil'patch : but any exigence of llate ajts a much
lunger time to conduct any dclign to its maturity,

MdiJ.n.

To Ask. t/. n.

1 . To petition ; to beg : with for before
the thing.

My Ton, haft thou finned ? do fo no more, but
aJk pardon /*or thy former fins. Ecclus. xxi. 2.
It he afi for bread, will he give him a ftone ?

Matl. vii. 9.

2. To make enquiry ; w'nhfor or of before
the thing. To enquire.

Stand yc in the ways, and fee, and a^ for the
old paths, where is the good way, and walk therein,
and ye (hall find relV for your fouls. Jcrcm, vi. j6.

For ojk now of the days that are paft, which
were betur'* thee, (Ince the day that God created
man upon liic earthy and aJk tram the one lidc ol

A S L

heaven unto the ether, whether there hath been
any fuch thing as this great thing is, or hath been
heard like it. Dmi. iv. 32.

Ask, Ash, As, do all come from the Saxon
ape, an aih tree. Gib/on' s Camden,

s "^ r ' {• ff</t/. Sideways ; obliquely.

Zelmane, keeping a countenance ajkanct, as (he
underftood him not, told him, it became her evil.

8'idnty%

His wannilh eyes upon them bent afiance.
And when he taw their labours well fucceed.
He wept for rage, and threaten'd dire miichance.

Fairfax.

Some fay, he bid his angels turn afkancc .
The po'es i dearth, t^vice ten degrees, and more.
From the fun's axle \ they with labour puih'd
ObHq»ie the centrick globe, Milton.

Ask a'unt. adv. Obliquely ; on one fide.

At tills AchiMes roll'd his furious c>es,
Fix'd on the king ajkaunt ; and thus replies,
O, impudent. Drydiiim

Since the fpace, that lies on either fide
The folar orb, is without limits wide,
Grajit that the fun had happen'd to prefer
A feat ajiattntj but one diameter :
Loft to the light by that unhsppy place.
This globe had lain a frozen luaniome mafs.

Blackmere.
A'sker. n.f. [from aji.]
I. Petitioner.

Have you
Ere now denied the afker? and now again
On him that did not alk, but mock, beitjw..

Shaiefpiare,

The greatncfs of the cjker^ and the fmallnefs of

the thin^ alkcd, had been futlicient to enforce his

requcft. South.

1. Enquirer.

Every ajker being fatisfied, we may conclude,
that all their conceptions of being in a place are
the fame. ^ig^y of Bodies.

A'sker. n.f. A waternewt.
Aske'w. W-j/. [from a and jieiv .] Afide ;
with contempt.

For when ye mildly look with lovely hue.
Then is my foul with life and love infpir'd :

But when ye lowre, or look on me u/irw.
Then do I die. Spenfer,

Then take it. Sir, as it was writ.
Nor look ajkcw at what it faith ;
There's no petition in it. Prior.

To Asla'ke. 'V. a. [from a and faie, or
jlaci,] To remit ; to mitigate ; to flac-
ken. Obfolete.

But this continual, cruel, civil war
No Ikill cm ftint, nor rcafon can ajlake, Spevjer*

Whilft feeking to ajlakt thy raging fire.
Thou in me kindleft much more great delire.

Spenfer.

Asla'nt. ad'v. [from « and _/7a»/.] Ob-
liquely ; on one fiJe ; not perpendicu-
larly.

There is a willow grows ajlanl a brook,
That (hews his hoar leaves in the glalfy ftream.

Shakefpeare's Jiamlet.
He fell ; the (haft
Drove thro' his neck afant j he fpurns the ground.
And the foul ilfues through the weazon's wound.

Drydcn.

Asle'ep. fli/'U. [from a and _/7i?i?/.]
I. Sleeping ; at reft.

How many thouf^inds of my pooreft fubje<5l8
Are at this hour ajleep ! O gentle (leep.
Nature's foft nurfe, how have 1 frighted thee !

Sbakefpare.
The diligence of trade, and noifeful gain,
And luxury more late ajleep were laid :
All was the night's, and in her filcnt reign,
No foivid the reft of nature did invade. Dryden,
There is no diflercnce between a perfon ajleep^
and in an apoplexy, but that the one tan be awa-
ked, asidth'! other cjnnot. ^rbuthnol on Out.

Q, 2. To

ASP

2. To fleep.

Ir' a n:an watch too long. It !( odils but he will
faU atUtf. Baon'i EJfay:.

Thus done the talfs, to bed they creep.
By whifpcrtng winds foon lull'd ojlief. JiiTiltin,

Ai\.o'?t. adv. [from a and_/7ff/r.] With
declivity ; obliquely ; not perpendicu-
larly.

Set them not upright, but ajlopt, a reafonabic
depth under the ground. Bacon.

The curfc epl>t
Clanc'd on the ground ; with bbour I mud earn
My bread : what harm ? Idlcnefs had been worff :
My labour will fuliain me. Miltm.

The knight did ftoop.
And fjte on further fide ajlafe. HuJiirai-

Aso'matous. aJj. [from a, priv. and
cujxct, a body.] Incorporeal, or with-
out a body.

Asp. 7 a-/. [«^»V, Lat.] A kind of

A'spicK.j ferpent, whofe poifon kills
without a poflibility of applying any re-
medy. It is faid to be very fmall, and
peculiar to Egypt and Libya. Thofe
that are bitten by it, die within three
hours ; and the manner of their dying
being by fleep without any pain, Cleo-
patra chofe it. Calmet.

High-minded Cleopatra, that with ftroke
Of afp'i fting herfelf did kill. Fairy Suen.

Scorpion, and affj and ainphiibxna dire,
And dipfas. Milton.

Asp. n. /. A tree. See Aspen.
JSPjTLJTHUS. n.f. [Latin.]

1. A plant called the rofe of Jerufalem, or
our lady's rofe.

2. The wood of a prickly tree, heavy, ole-
aginous, fomewhat (harp and bitter to
the tafte. Afpalathus affords an oil of
admirable fcent, reputed one of the bed
perfumes. Chambers.

I gave a fweet fmell like cinnamon and ajfala-
th*i, and I yielded a pleafant odour like the befl
myrrh. Ecchs, xxiv.

Aspa'racus. »./ [Lat.] The name of
a plant. It has a rofaceous flower of fix
leaves, pl.tced orbicularly, out of whofe
centre rifcs the pointal, which turns to
» foft globular berry, full of hard feeds.

Miller.
J^farapti aflcfts the urine with a fetid fmell,
tfpecially if cut when they are white; and there-
fore have been fufpeftcd by fome phyficians, as
not friendly to the kidneys : when they are older,
tnd begin t» ramifyi they lofe this cjuality ; but
then they are not (o agreeable.

Arbu!hmt on jVimentt.

A'SPECT. n.f. [a/peaus, Lat. It ap-
pears anciently to have been pronounced
with the accent on the laft fy liable, which
is now placed on the firft.]

1. Look; air; appearance.

I have prefentcd t:ic tongue under a double ^J^r/?,
fuch as may juft'f/ the definition, that it is the
bcft and word part. Governmim of thi 1'on^ue.

They are, in myjuJgment, the image or pifture
of a great ruin, and have the tiue a/ftfl of a world
lying in its rubbilh. Bitrnei't Theory,

2. Countenance ; look.

Thofc eyes Ji thine from mine haw drawn fait
tears,
'Sbam'd their «j[if/?jwith ftore of childilh drops.
Sbaktfftaret Richard 111.
I am fearful : wherefore frowas he thus, ?
•Tis his a^jiS of terrour. All's not well. Shairff.

Yet hid his afptti nothing of fcverc,
But fucb a face as p.-oinis'd him linccrn Drjdm.

ASP

Then Iball thy Craggi (a"'' let me eill hStn
mine)
On the caft ore another Pollio fhine;
With aJfrU cpen fliall ereft his head. Toft.

3. Glaiice ; view ; aft of beholding.

Fairer than faireft, in his faining eye,
Whofe fole afftd he counts felicity. Spen/er.

When an evious or an amotoas efpe^ doth in-
feft the fpirits of another, there is joined both af-
feflion and imng'nnion. Bjc n't Natural IIj/l.

4.. Direction towards any point ; view ;
pofition.

The fctting fun
Slowly defccndcd ; and with right affili
Againft the eaftem gate o( ParaJife
Levell'd his ev'ning rays. PamJift I.ofl.

1 have built a ftrong wall, faced to the fouth
afttfl with brick. Sivjft.

5. Difpolition of any thing to fbmething
elfe ; relation.

The light got from the oppofite arguings of men
of parts, (hewing the different fides of things, and
their various afpclii and probabilities, would be
quite loft, if every one were obliged to fay after the
fpeaker. Locke.

6. Difpofition of a planet to other planets.

There's fome ill planet reigns,
I muft be patient till the heavens look
With an ajpcli more favourable.

Shaie/p. jyintirs Talt.

Not unlike that which aftrologers call a con-

jundion of planets, of no very benign aJprCl the

one to the other. ffolton.

To the blank moon
Her office they prcfcrib'd : to th' other five
Their planetary motions, and ajprBit^
In fextile, fquare, and trine, and oppofite.

I'araJife Lofl.

Why does not every fingle flar (bed a feparate

influence, and have afpt^i with other ftars of their

own conftellacion ? Btntley't Strmont.

To Aspe'ct. f.fl. [a/picio, Lat.] To be-
hold : not ufed.

Happy in their miftake, thofe people whom
The northern pole aJptHs ; whom fear of death
(The greateft of all human fears) ne'er moves.

ttmptr.
Aspe'ctable. aJj. [a/peilabilis , Lat.]
Vifible ; being the objeft of fight.

He was the fole caufe of this aJfeHable and

perceivable univerfal. RaUigb.

To this ufe of informing us what is in this

afpiflai/e world, we fliall find the eye well fitted.

Ray on the Creation.

Asfe'ction. «./ [from a/peS.] Behold-
ing ; view.

A Moorish queen, upon aJfeHion of the piflurc
of Andromeda, conceived and brought forth a
fair one. BroTVn,

As'pen, or Asp. »./ [^?, Dutch ; a/p,
Dan. epfe, trembling. Sax. Somner.']
See Poplar, of which it is a fpecies.
The leaves of this tree always tremble.

The a/pen or afp tiec-hath leaves much the fame
with the poplar, only much fmaller, and not fo
white. Mortimer.

The builder oak fole king of forefts all,
The ajfen, good for ftatues, the cyprefs funeral.

Spcnftr.

A's p E N . atlj. [ from afp or a/pot. ]

1. Belonging to the afp tree.

Oh ! had the monfter Iccn thofe lily hands
Tremble like affen leaves upon a lute. Shak'fp.

No gale difturbs the trees,
Nor allien leaves confefs the gcntleft biccze. Cay.

2. Made of afpen wood.

yfSFER. adj. [Lat.] Rough ; rugged.
This word I have found only in the fol-
lowing paflage.

.Ml bale notes, or very treble notes, give an
affrr found ; for that the bafe ftrijutb more ai r
isujx it caa well Arike equally. Bacn.

ASP

To A'SPERATE. t/. a. [a/pero, Lat.] To
roughen ; to make rough or uneven.

Thole corpufcles of colour, infinuaiing them-
felves into alt the pores of the body to be dyed,
taiy afperale iti fuperiicies, according to tbe big-
nrfs a.jd tex.ure of the corpufcles. By/e.

Aspera'tion. ;/./. [from a/perate.] A
making rough. Diff.

Asperifo'lious. t:i/J. [fromfl^^r, rough,
and folium, a leaf, Lat.] One of the
divifions of plants, fo called from the
roughnefs of their leaves.

AsPE RITV. n.f. [a/peritas, Lat.]

1. Unevennefs; roughnefs of furface.

Sometimes the pores and afperities of dry bodies
are fo incommcnfurate to the particles of the li-
quor, that they glide over the furface. Boyle,

2. Roughnefs of found ; harfhnefs of pro-
nunciation.

3. Roughnefs or ruggednefs of temper ;
morofenefs'; fournefs ; crabbednefs.

The charity of the one, like kindly exhalationsy
will defcend in (bowers of blelTings ; but the ri-
gour and ajfir'aj of the other, in a fevere doom
upon ourfelves. Government of tbe Tongue*

Avoid all unfeemlinefs and afftriiy of carriage ;
do nothing that may argue a peevi(h or frowarJ
fpirit. Rogers.

Asperna'tion. n.f. \afpernaUo, Lat.]
Negleft; difregard. Di3.

A'sperous. adj. \afper, Lat.] Rough;
uneven.

Black and white are the moft afperous and une-
qual of colours; fo like, that it is hard to diftin-
guUh them : black is the moft rough. Boyle*

To ASPE'RSE. v. a. [a/pergo, Lat.] To
befpatter with cenfure or calumny.

In the bufinefs of Ireland, bcfides the opportu-
nity to afperfe the king, they were fafe enough.

Clarendon*
Curb that impetuous tongue, nor ralhly vain.
And fingly mad, afperje the fov'reign reign. Pcpe*

Unjuftly poets we ajperfe.
Truth Ihines the brighter clad in verfe. Sivifl,
Aspe'rsion. tt.f. \afperJio, Lat.]

1 . A fprinkling.

If thou doft break her virgin knot, before
All fanflimonious ceremonies.
No fweet ajferfons (hall the heav'os let fall.
To make this contract grow. Shaktfpettfe.

It exhibits a mixture of new conceits and old,
whereas the inftauration gives the new unmixed,
otherwife than with fome little «;^i>y!i»i of the old,
for taftc's fake. - Bacon*

2. Calumny ; cenfure.

The fame ajperfiom of the king, and the fame
grounds of a rebellion. Dryden*

Aspha'ltick. eidj. [from afphallos.\
Gummy ; bituminous.

And with ofphaltick (lime, broad as the gate,
Deep to the rojts of hell, the gather'd beach
Thcv f.iftvn'd. Miltm.

ASPHA'LTOS. n.f. [ic<p»>.7U, bitumen.]
A folid, brittle, black, bituminous, in-
flammable fubftance, refcmbling pitch,,
and chiefly found fwimming on the fur-
face of the Laciis Ajpljaltiies, or Dead
Sea, where anciently flood the cities of
Sodom and Gomorrah. It is call up in
the nature of liquid pitch, from the
bottom of this fea ; and, being thrown
upon the water, fwims like other fat bo-
dies, and condenfes gradually.

ASPH-iTLTUM. »./. [Lat.] A bituminous
ftone found near the ancient Babylon,
and lately in the province of Neufcha-
tel ; which, mixed with other matters,
makes an excellent cement, incorrupti-
ble

ASP

bla by air, and impenetrable by water ;
fuppofcd to be the mortar fo much cele-
brated among the ancients, with which
the walls of' Babylon were laid. Chamb.
A'sPHODiiL. n. f. [lilio-nJ'phoJeluj, 'L?ii.'\
Day-lily. Ajphodti were by the an-
cients planted near barying-places, in
order to fupply the manes of the dead
with nourifhment.

By thofc happy fouls who dwell
In yellow meads of fifphodel. Pope.

A'spicK. n.f. [See Asp.] The name of
a ferpent.

Why did I 'fcape th' invenom'd a/fid's rage.
And all the fiery monfters of the dcfart.
To fce this day ? yidjifin.

To A'SPIRATE. -v. a. [afpiro, Lat.] To
pronounce with afpiration, or full breath;
as we afpirate horji, houfe, and hog,

TeA'spiRATE. 'v.n. [(j/^/ro, Lat.] To
be pronounced with full breath.

AVhere avowel ends a word, the next begins e'l-
it\a with a confooant, or what is its equivalent ;
for our iv and h tijptrate, Drydi-n.

A'spiRATE. a^J. [ajfiratas, hat.^ Pro-
nounced with full breath.

For their being pervious, you may call them, if
you pleaft, perfpiratc ; but yet they are not aff'i-
rate, i. e. with fuch an afpiration as t, Ihhtcr,
Aspira'tion. n.f. [a/firalio, Lat.]
I . A breathing after ; an ardent wilh :
ufed generally of a wifh for fpiritual
bleffings.

A foul infpiredwith the w»rnieft<»^i»'<i/;4Bi after
cdcHial beatitude, keeps its powers attentive.

pralii.

Z. The aft of afpiring, or defiring fome-
thing high and great.

'Tis he ; I ken the manner of his gait ;
He fifes on his toe j that fpirit of his
In afi>irj!:on lifts him from the earth. Sbaiefpeare.

3. The pronuDciacion of a vowel with full
breath.

H i« only agutturatuj^'irjrwff, i. e. a more for-
cible impulfe of the breath from the lungs. Holder.

To ASPrRE. 'v. ft. [afpiro, Lat.]
I . To defire with eagernefs ; to pant after
fomething higher: fometiraes with the
particle to,

Moft excellent Udy, no expeftitjon in others,
nor hope in himff If, could afpire to a higher mark^
than to be thought worthy to be praifcd by you.

Sidney,

His father's grave cnunfellors, by whofc means

iic hal ajp'trid to the kingdom, he cruelly tortured.

KnoUti.
Hence fprings that univerfal ftrong defire,
Which all men have of immortality :

Not fomc few fpirits unto this thought ajftre,
• But all men's minJs in this united be. Da-vks.
Horace did ne'er afpire to epic bays :
Nor lofty Maro iloop to lyrick lays. Ro/ammon*

Till then a helplei*', h^pelefs, homely Twain ;
1 fnujjht not freedom, nor afpir'ti tc gain. Dryjcn,

AJiJrirg to be gods, if angels icVf
Ajf-hinT (0 be ang' U, men rebel, P'^pe.

2- Sometimes with after,

Thofc are faif«:d above fenfe, and afpire afu-r
smmort-ility, who believe the perpetual duratlr-n
of llicir fouls. TUhtfon.

There is none of us but who would l>e thought,
fhroughout the whole courfe of his life, to efpire
after immortality. Atterhury,

3. To riJe ; to tower.

There is betwixt th.»t fmilc we wr,uU ofb'ire to^
That fwcct afpeft of princes and our ruin,
More pangs and fears than war or women have.

$bakefptar£.
My own breath fliU foment the fire,
WhicU fiagie^ aj high as fancy can fifpiu% WalUr.

ASS

Aspi'rSTI. n.f. [from affire.'\ One that
ambitioufly ftrives to be greater than
he is.

They ween'd
To win the mount of God ; and on his throne
To fet the envlerof his fiate, the proud
Ajflrer : but their thoughts prov'd fond and vain.

MHion.
Asporta'tion. n. f. [ajpartatio, Lat.]
A carrying away. D/S.

As (iu i' N r. aii'-j. [from a andy^a/»<.] Ob-
liquely ; not in the rtraight line of vifion.
A fingle guide may direft the way betTcr than
five hundred, who have contrary views, or loiik
afqulnt, cr Ihut their eyes. Siulfr.

Ass. n.f. [ajtitus, Lat.]

1. An aiiimal of burden, remarkable for
fluggifhnefs, patience, hardinefs, coarfe-
nefs of food, and long life.

You have among you many a purchss'd flave,
Which, like your ^[fa, and your dogs and mules,
You ufe in abje£V and in ilavilh part,
Becaufe you bought them. Sbakfff-eare.

2. A ftupid, heavy, dull fellow ; a dolt.

I do begin to perceive that I am made an ofi.

Shakeffeare.
That fuch a crafty mother
Should yield the world to this eft .'^a woman that
Bears »'l down with her brain ; and yet her fon
Cannot take two from twenty, for his heart.
And leave eighteen. ^baltfpeare.

To ASSA'IL. -v. a. [offailUr, Fr.]
I. To attack in a hoftile manner; to af-
fault ; to fall upon ; to invade.

So when he faw his llatt'ring arts to fail.
With greedy force he 'gan the fort t.' ajfliil,

Fairy S^ueert.

z. To attack with argument ; cenfure ;
or motives applied to the paffions.

My gracious lord, here in the parliament
Let us aJ'aU the family of York. Sbakefpeare*

She will not ftay the fiege of loving terms,
Nor bide th* encounter of affai/ing eyes. Shalefp.

How have I fear'd your fate ! but fear'd it moft,
When love aJfaU'd son on the Libyan coafl. DryJ.

All books he reads, and all he reads ajjails,
From Dryden's Fables down to D— y's Tales. Pope.

In vain Thaleftrii with reproach a^iaih ;
For who can move when fair Belinda fails ? P^pe,
Assai'lable. adj. {(rora ajjail.'\ That
which may be attacked.

Banquo, and his Fleancc, lives.
—But in them nature's copy 's not eternal.—
—There's comfort yet, they inaJJaUahU. Sbaiefp.
Assa'ilant. »./. [aj/ai l/a/tt, Fr.] Hs
that attacks ; in oppofition to defendant.
The fame was fo well encountered by the de-
fendants, that the obHinacy of the ajfailanti did
but incicafi the lofs. llayiajrd.

I'll put royfelf in poor and mean attire.
And with a kjni of umber fmirch my faccj
The like do you ; fo (hall we pals alonj.
And never ftir tijfailantu Sbuhcfp^are.

A%s\'\i.\tir. adj. Attacking; invading.
And as ev'ning dragon came,
j^Jftiilant t<n the peiched roolls
Of tame viilatick fowl. Milton.

Ass a'i i.e r . n.f. [from pJiiiL] One who
attacks another.

Palladiui h'-Ue.l, fo putfued o\it ojjaihri, that
one of tltem (If-w him. Sidney.

A^sapa'nick. ». f. A little animal of
Virginin, which is faid to fly by ftretch-
ing out its (boulders and its flcin, and is
called in Englidi the flying fquirrel.

Trevoux.

Assa'rt. n.f. [ejjart, from effarter, Fr.
to clear away wood in a forell.] An of-
fence committed in the forcil, by pluck-
ing up thofc woods by the roots^ that

ASS

are thickets or coverts of the foreft, and
by making them as plain as arable land.

Coivell.
To Assa'rt. 'v. a. \eff'arttr, Fr.] To com-
mit an afTart. See Assart.
ASS A'SSIN. 7 n.f {I'ffnffin, Fr. a word
Assa'ssin ATE. 5 brougtit originally from
Afia, where, about the time of the holy
war, there was a fet of men called alf-
fnffins, as is fuppofed for Arfaddce, who
killed any man, without regard to dan-
ger, at the command of their chief.] A
murderer ; one that kills by treachery,
or fudden violence.

In thevcty moment as the knightwithdtewfrora
the duke, this ajj'.i^mMs gave him, with a back
blow, a deep wound into his left fide. U^otton*

Tht Syrian Icing, who, to furprize
One man, affaffm like, had levy'd war,
War unprociaim'd. ' Milloni

The old king is juft murdered, and the perfon

that did it is unknown. Let the foldlers feize

hira for one of the ojjljfmalet, and let me alone to
accufe him afterwards. Drjdcit.

Here hir'd nff'.'Jfim for their gain invade,
And trcach'rous pois'ncrs urge their fatal trade.

'Creecb*

When flie hears of a murder, (he enlarges more
on the guilt of the fuffering perfon, than of the
ajjijin. Addlfetl.

Oreftes brandllh'd the revenging fword.
Slew the dire pair, and gave to fun'ral flame
Thz yWc ajfhjjirty and adult'rous dame. Pope,

Ufeful, we grant, it fcrves what life requires.
But, dreadful too, the dark aJJi^JJin hins. Pope,
Assa'ssinate. «./. [Uoiafif/iiJJ!n.'\ The
crime of an aiTaflin ; murder.

Weie not all ajfjjjijiatei and popular infuirec-
tions wrongfully chartifed, if the mcanncfs of the
offenders indemnified them from punifliment ?

Pope,
To Assa'ssin ate. -v. a. [from affajftn.'\

1. To murder by violence.

Help, neighbours, my houfe is broken open by
force, and I am ravifhed, and like to be ajfajfinated,

Drydeti,

What could provoke thy madnefs
To ajjhjfmaie fo great, fo brave a man ? Pbilips,

2. To way-lay ; to take by treachery. This
meaning is perhaps peculiar to Milton.

Such ufage as your huaourable lords
Afi'ord me, c[[ii(Jlnated and betray'd.
Who rfurft not, with your whole united powVs,
In fight withftand one iingle and unarm'ti. Mtlton»
AsSASSi N a'tion. n, f. [from ajfetffinati.'\
The aft of aifaffinating ; murder by vio-
lence.

It were done quickly, if th' ajfajfmation
Could trammel up the confequence. Sbakefpeare.
The duke finiHi'd his cbucfe by a wicked aJJ'.JJi-
nation, ClarciidoDm

Assassina'tor. n.f. [from affajjin ate. ^
Murderer; mankiiler; the perfon that
kills another by violence.
Assa'tion. n. f [aj/li/us, roafted, Lat.]
Roafting.

The egg e»plring lefs in the clixation or boiling ;
whereas, in the ti/pri'jn or roafting. It will fomc-
time'j abite a drachm. Brcnvns fulmar Err^ttn^
ASSA'ULT. n.f [afault, French.]

1. Attack; hoftile onfet : oppofed to de-
fence.

■ Her fpirit had been invincible againft all ajfuultt
of afTciftion. Shaiejpeare,

Not to be fliook thyfelf, but all ajfauitt
BaHling, like th/ hoar cliffs the loud fca wave.

Tbomfatu

2. Storm : oppofed tafap m fiege,

J.ifon took at lead a thnufajid men, and fud-

denly made an ajjiiull upon ihe city, i Mac, v. 5.

0^3. After

ASS

After fome d«y« ficge, he refolved to try the
fortvoe of an ttjUamh : he fucceeded therein (o far,
that he had taken the priocipal tower and fort.

Baccn.

3. Hoftile violence.

Themfelves at difcord fell,
And cruel combat jojn'd in middle fpace,
With horrible tffiull and fury fell. Fairy Stutin.

4. Invafion ; hoflility ; attack.

After fome unhappy affaulii ufen the prerogative
by the parliament, which produced its diflolucion,
there followed a compofure. Ciarendon.

Theories, built upon narrow foundations, are
very hard to be fupported againft the ajjaults of op-
pofition. Lccke.

5. In law. A violent kind of injury of-
fered to a man's perfon. It may be
committed by offering of a blow, or by
a fearful fpeech. Ccnveli.

6. It has ujioa before the thing afTaulted.
To Assa'ult. -v. a, [from the noun.] To

attack ; to invade ; to fall upon with
violence.

The king granted the Jew> to gather themfelves
together, and to Aaod for their life, to dcHroy all
the power that would ajjauh them. EJib. viii. 1 1.

Before the gates the cries of babes new-born.
Whom fate had from their tender mothers torn,
AJfauh his ears. Drydm.

New curfcd fleel, and more accurfcd gold.
Gave raifchief birth, and made that mifcfaief bold :
And double death did wretched roan invade.
By ftcel ajfiullcd, and by gold betray'd. Drydtn.

Assa'ulter. n.f. [from <7^«//.] One
who violently affaults another.

Neither liking their eloquence, nor fearing their
might, we efleemed few fwords, in a jufl defence,
able to refift many unjuft ajfaulicn, Sidmy,

ASSA'Y. »./. [tfaye. Fr. from which the
ancient writers borrowed aj/ay, accord-
ing to the found, and the latter ejfay,
according to the writing ; but the fenfes
now differing, they may be confidered
as two words, ]

1. Examination ; trial.

This cannot be
By no affjy of reafon. 'Tis a pageant,
To keep us in falfe gaze. Sbatttjpeare*

2. Inlaw. The examination of meafures
snd weights ufed by the clerk of the
market. Cmveil.

3. The firft entrance upon any thing ; a
tafte for trial.

For well he weened, that fo glorious bait
Would tempt his gueft to take thereof a/fay.

Fahy Shteen»

4. Trial by danger or diftrefs ; difficulty ;
hardfhip.

She heard with patience all unto the end.
And ftrove to mailer foirowful oJJay<, Fairy S^uftn.

1 he men he preil but late,
To hard aj/iiyt unfit, unfure at need,,
Yettrm'd to point in well attempted plate. Fair/.

Be fure to find
What I foretel thee, many a hard ajjay
Of dangers, and advet lities, and pains,
"Etc thou of Ifracl's fceptre get fad hold, MUtm.

To Assa'y. ai. a. [rjfayer, Fr.]
I . To make trial of i to make experiment
of.

One that to bounty never caft his mind,
Ne thought of honour ever did ajfay
His bafcr breali. Sprnpr.

Cray and Bryan obtained leave of the gcncial a
little taajjay them \ and fo with fome horfirmtn
charged them home. Hay ■ward.

What unweighed behaviour hath this drunkard
picked out of my converfatioO; that he dares in
this manner aJSy m» t ibakcjftare.

ASS

1. To «pply to, as the touchftone In aj/ay-
ing metals.

Whom tlius affliAed when fad Eve beheld,
Defolate where flie fat, approaching nigh.
Soft words to his fierce paflion flie ajfay'd. Milton.
3. To try ; to endeavour.

David girded his fword upon his armour, and
be effayed to go, for he had not proved it.

I San. xvii. 39.
Assa'yer. n.f. \ixam ajfay.^ An officer
of the mint, for the due trial of filver,
appointed between the mafter of the
mint and the merchants that bring
filver thither for exchange. Coiuell.

The fmeltets come up to the affayert within one

in twenty. JVocd'ward on Fajfils.

Assecta'tion. n.f, yaffiHatie, Lat.]

Attendance, or waiting upon. Diil.
Assecu'tion. n.f. [from affiquor, ajfe-

ctttum, to obtain.] Acquirement ; the

aft of obtaining.

By the canon law, a perfon, after he has been in

full polTeflion of a fecond benefice, cannot return

again to his firll ; becaufe it is immediately void

by his ajficuti-m of a fecond, ylylijfe^s Parergon.

Asse'mblace. «./. \ajjimblage , Fr.]

1. A colleftion ; a number of individuals
brought together. It differs from af-

fembly, by being applied only, or chiefly,
to things ; affembly being ufed only, or
generally, ot'perfons.

All that we amafs together in our thoughts is
pofitive, and the ajftmblage of a great number of
poiitive ideas of fpace or duration. Locke.

2. The ftate of being afTembled.

O Hartford, fitted or to (hinc in courts
With unaft'efled grace, or walk the plains
With innocence and meditation join'd
In foft affemhlaz't liften to my fong 1 Thmfon.
To ASSE'MBLE. i/. a. {affembler, Fr.]
To bring together into one place. It is
ufed both of perfoiis and things.

And he (hall fet up an enfign for the nations, and
dxMaJpmbU the outcafts of Ifrael, and gather to-
gether the difperfed of Judah. Ifa'wh, li. I2.

He wonders for what end you have ajjimhled
Such troops of citizens to come to him. Sbaifff.
To Asse'mble. "v.n. To meet together.
Thefe men ajfcmiled, and found Daniel praying.

Duniel.

As s e'm B L y . «. /. {ajfemblee, Fr. ] A com-
pany met together.

Tliey had heard, by fame.
Of this fo noble and fo fair ajfcmhlyf
This night to meet here. Sbaieffeare.

Asse'nt. ft./. [aJjfenfuSf'L^X.']

1. The aft of agreeing to any thing.

Without the king's tijfml or knowledge.
You wrought to be a legate. Hbakefp, Hen. VIII.

Faith is the ajivt to any prcpofition, njt thus
made out by the deduflion of reafon, but upon
the credit of the propol'cr. L.cke.

All the arguments on both fides mud be laid
in balance, and, upon the whole, the understanding
determine its ajftnt. Locke.

2. Confent ; agreement.

To urge any thing upon the church, requiring
thereunto that religious aj/erl of chriftian belief,
whorewith the words of tlic holy prophets arc re-
ceived, and not to (hew it in fcripturc j this did
the Fatliers evermore think uiJawful, impious,
and execrable. Hooker.

The evidence of Cod's own teftimony, added
unto the natural a^tnt of reafon concerning the
certainty of them, doth not a little comfort and
confirm the fame. Hooker.

To ASSE'NT. -u. «.. [nfentire, Lat.] To
concede ; to yield to, or agree to.

And the Jews alfo aj/entcdf faying, that thefe
Uujigs W«r« fo ^Ss, XJJV. $•

ASS

Asikhta'tion. n. /. [affintatio, Lat.]
Compliance with the opinion of another
out of flattery or diflimulation. Dia.
Asse'ntment. «./. [from a^n/.] Con-
fent.

Their arguments are but precarious, and fubfift
upon the charity of our ajfenimeais.

Biorx<Ki Vulgar ErrourSt

To ASSE'RT. v. a. [ajfere, Lat.]

1. To maintain ; to defend either by
words or aftions.

Your forefathers have ajjferted the party wbich
they chofe till death, and died for its defence.

DryJn,

2. To affirm ; to declare pofitively.

3. To claim ; to vindicate a title to.

Nor can the groveling mind.
In the dark dungeon of the limbs confin'd,
/IJfcrt the native Ikies, or own its heav'niy kind.

Drydtn,

Asse'rtion. n.f. [from ajfert.^

1. The aft of aflerting.

2. Pofition advanced.

If any affirm the earth doth move, and wilt
not believe with us it dandeth ftill, becaufe he
hath probable rcafons for it, and I no infallible
fenfe or reafon againlt it, I will not quarrel with
his afjertion. Brcvjns Vulgar Errours*

Asse'rtive. a<^'. [from ajh-t.] Pofitive;
dogmatical ; peremptory.

He was not fo fond of the principles he under-*
took to illullrate, as to bsad their certainty ;
propofing them not in a confident and ajfcrtivt
form, but as probabilities and hypothefcs. C!aytv»
Assr'rtor. n. f. [from ajferl-l Main-
tainer ; vindicator ; fupporter ; affirmer.

Among th' ajjirtdrs of free reafon's claim,
Our natijn's not the lead in worth or fame. ViyJk

Faithful ajprtor of thy country's caufe,
Britain with tears ih^U bathe thy glorious wound.

Prior.

It is an ufual piece of art to undermine the
authority of fundamental truths, by pretending to
fliew how weak the proofs arc, which their ajfcrtirt
employ in defence of them. Atterbmry.

To Asse'rve. 1;. a. [cffirvio, Lat.] To
ferve, help, or fecond. Di3.

To ASSE'SS. -v. a. {itom afefare, Ital,
to make an equilibrium, or balance.}
To charge with any certain film.

Bcfjre the receipt of them in this office, they
were afj'rjj'cd by the affidavit from the time of the
inquifition found. Batons

Asse'ssion. H./ \ttffef!io,\A\..'\ A fitting
down by one, to give affiltance or ad-
vice. D'tii.

Asse'ssment. n.f. [from To ajfefs."]

1 . The fum levied on certain property.

2. The aft of aflieffing.

What greater immunity and happinefs cin
there be to a people, than to be liable to no laws,
but what they make themfelves ? To be fubjedt
to no contribution, aj'effkent, or any pecuniary
levy whatfoevet, but what they vote, and volunta-
rily yield unto themfelves ? HcwcU
Asse'ssor, n.f. [rjpjfcr, Lat.]
I. The perfon that fits by another ; ge-
nerally ufed of thofe whoaffift the judge.

Minos, the ftri£l inquifitor, appears j
And lives and crimes, with his aJTeffors, hears :
Round in his urn the blended bails he rowls,
Abfolves the juft, and dooms the guilty fouls.

DrydrKt

1. He that fits by another as next in dig-
nity.

To his Son,
Th' afftjjor of his throne, he thus began. Mi/lor,

Twice ftronger than his fire, who fat above,
ylje^/ir to the tiuoae ef Uiuad'ting Jove. Dryd.

3. He

ASS

A S S

ASS

3. He that lays taxes ; derived from af-

A'sSETS. n.f. luithout the Jingular. [ajjiz,
Fr.] Goods fufficient to difcharge that
burden, which is caft upon the executor
or heir, in fatisfyirT the teilators or
anceftors debts or legacies. Whoever
pleads ajjits, fayeth nothing ; but that
the perfon, againll whom he pleads, hath
enough come to his hands, to difcharge
what is in demand. Cowell.

To ASSE'VER. 1 'V. a. [aje^ero, Lac]

?!? Asse'verate. 3 To affirm with great
folemnity, as upon oath.

Assevera'tion. tt.f. [from ajfe'verate.'\
Solemn affirmation, as upon oath.

That which you are perfuaded of, ye have it
no otliepvifc than by your own only probable col-
ledion ; and therefore fuch bold ajfcveraticnt, as
in him were admirable, Jhould, in your mou;hs,
but argue raAincfs. Hmttr.

Another abufe of the tongue I might add ;
vchemcr.t ajjeverations upon flight and trivij! oc^
cafions. Ray on the Creation*

The repetition givej a greater emphafis to the
words, and agrees better with the vehemence of
the fpeaker in making his ajfiveraticn.

Bro-jtr.e't Notes on the Odyjfey.
A'ssHEAD. n.f. [from afs and head.'\ One
flow of apprehenfion ; a blockhead.

Will you help an ajthead, and a coxcomb, and
a knave, a thin-fjccd knave, a gull ? Sbak, Ham,
AssiDu'iTY. n.f. [affiduili, Fr. ajjiduitas,
Lat. ] Diligence ; dofenefs of applica-
tion.

1 have, with much paint and ajfuiuity, qualified
myfclf for a numenclator. jidd'tjln.

Can he, who has undertaken this, want con-
vision of the neccffiiy of his utmoll vigour and
ejpduily to acquit himfelf of it ? Rogen.

We obfcrve the addrefs and ajjiduity they wl!
ufe to corrupt us. fiogtru

ASSI'DUOUS. adj. [aj/lduui, Lat.] Con-
Aant in applicatioa.

And if by pray'r
IncefTant I could hope to change the will
Of him who all things can, I would not ceafc
To weary him with my c^iducut cries. Milf.n.
The mod affiduoui talebearers, and bittereil re-
Tilers, are often halfwitted people.

Government of the Tongue,
In fummer, you fee the hen giving herfelf
greater freedoms, and quitting her care for above
twojiours together j but in winter, when the ri-
gour of the feafon would chill the principles of
life, and deftroy the youog one, /he grows more
ejfiduou: in her attendance, and (lays away but
half the time. Addtjm.

Each ftill renews her littk labour,
Nor juftles hrr affiduoui neighbour. Prior.

Assi'puousLY. adv. [from aj/lduous.]
Diligently ; continually.

The trjde, that obliges artificers to be offidmujly
tonverfant with their materials, is that of glafs-
""^n- Boylt.

The habitable earth may have been perpetually
the drier, feeing it it affiduoajly itimei and ex-
haufted by the fcas. Beni.'ey.

To Assi'ece. -v. a. [aj/ieger, Fr.] To be-
ficge. Obfolete. Dia.

On th' other fide th' ajieged ca/lles ward
Their fterlfaft arms did mightily maintain. Spenf.

jlSSIKNTO. n. f. [In Spanifh, a con-
traft or bargain.] A contr.^ft or con-
vention between the king of Spain and
other powers, for furnilhing the Spanilh
dominions in America withnegioflaves.

To ASSI'GN. V. a, [aj^zisr, f r. ajigno,
Lit.}

I . To mark out ; to appoint.

He affigned Uriah unto a place where be knew
that valiant men were. 1 Sam. xi. 16.

"t^he two armies were affigned to the leading o(
two generals, bod) of them rather cocrtiers afi'urc^
to the ftate, than martial men. Bacon.

Boah joining.
As joined in injuries, one enmity
Againn a f .e by doom exprefs affign'd us.
That cruel ferpent. Milton.

True quality is negUQed, virtue is oppreffed,
and vice triumphant. The laft day will aJJ'.gn to
every one a ftation fuitable to his chara£ler,

ylddifor.

2.'Ta fix with regard to quantity or value.
There is no fuch intrinfick, natural, fettled
value in any thing, as to make any affigned quan-
tity of it conftantly worth any affigned quantity of
another. Licke.

3. [In law.] In general, to appoint a de-
puty, or make over a right to another ;
in particular, to appoint or fet forth, as
to aj/tgn error, is to ihew in what part
of the procefs error is committed; to
affign falfe judgment, is to declare how
and where the judgment is unjuft ; to
afflgn the ceflbr, is to fliew how the
plaintiff had cefled, or given over ; to
affign wafte, is to lliew wherein efpeci-
ally the wafte is committed. Co^vell.

Assi'gnable. adj. [froma^^w.] That
which may be marked out, or fixed.

Ariftotle held that it ftreamed by connatural
refalt and emanation from God ; {o that there
was no inflant affignahU of God's eternal cx-
illence, in which toe vorl<l did not alfu co-exiA.

South.

Assigna'tion. n.f. [fl^^na//o«, French.]

1. An appointment to meet ; ufed gens-
rally of love appointments.

The lovers expected- the return of this rtated
hour with a*i much impatience as if it had been a
real afftgnati^n* SfniJatir.

Or when a whore, In her vocation,
Keeps pnniflual to an affignatton. Swift.

2. A making over a thing to another.
Assign ee'. «./. [aj^gne, Fr."] He that

is appointed or deputed by another to
do any aft, or perform any bufmefs, or
enjoy any commodity. And an ajjigaee
may be either in deed or in law ; ajjigtiee
in deed, is he that is appointed by a
peribn ; ajjignce in law, is he whom the
law makcth fo, without any appoint-
ment of the perfon. Coiucll.
Assi'cNER. n.f. [from a^^».] He that
appoints.

The gofpel is at once the aff.gncr of our taHts,
and the magazine of our ft-rcngth. Decay of Piety,
Assi'gnment. »./. [from a^^n.] Ap-
propriation of one thing to another
thing or perfon.

The only thing which maketh any place pub-
lick, is the publick affignment thereof uata fuch
duties. Hooker.

This in^itution, which afligns it to a perfon,
whom we have no rule to know, isjuft as good as
an affignment to no body at all. Locke.

Assimilable, adj. [ from ajjimilate. ]
That which may be converted to the
fame nature with fomething elfe.

The fpirits of many will fii'd but naked habi-
tations ; meeting no affimilahln wharein to re-adi
their natures. Broiun's Vulgar Erroun.

To ASSI'MILATE. v. n. [dftmilo, Lat.]
To perform the aft of converting food
to nourifhment.

Birds affimilaie tefs, and excern morCj than

bealh ; for their excrements are ever liquid, and
their flelh generally more dry. Bacon's Nat. Hift.
Birds be commonly better meat than hearts, be-
caufe their fleih doth aff.ntilate more finely, and
fecerneth more fubtciy. Bacon's Natural Hijiory,
To Assi'milate. f. a.

1. To bring to a likenefs, or refemblance.

A ferine and neceflitoos kind of life would
ealily affimilate at leall the next generation to bar-
barifm and ferinenefs. HaU^

They are not over-patient of mixture ; but
fuch, whom they cannot off.mHatej foon find it
thei'rjntercH to remove. Stvift^

2. To tiirn to its own nature by digeftion.

Tafting concodt, digeft, ajjimilate^

And corporeal to incorporeal turn. Milton,

Hence alfo animals and vegetables nyay afftmi-

latt their nourirtiment j moift nouriihment eafily

changing its texture, till it becomes like the

denfe earth. Nenvton.

Assi'milateness, n.f. [from ajjimilate.^

Likenefs. Dill.

Assimila'tiom. «./. \ixO'ai ajjimilate. ^

1. The aft of converting any thing to the
nature or fubftance of another.

It furthers the very aft of affimdation of nou-
rifiiment, by fomc outward emollients that make
the parts more apt to alTimilate. Bacon's Nat, UiJ},

2. The ftate of being affimilated, or be-
coming like fomething elfe.

A nuurilhment in a large acceptation, but rot
in propriety, conferving the body, not repairing it
by ojjtthilationi but preferving it by ventilation.
. ' Bronvns Vulgar Errours,

it is as well the inilinO as duty of our natuie,
to afpire to an aff nidation with God j even the
mo(( laudable and generous ambition.

Decay of Pietyt

To Assi'mulate. f. a, [a£!mulo, Lat,]
To feign ; to counterfeit. Diil.

AssiMUL a'tion. n.f. [aj^mulatio, hat.']
A diffembling ; a counterfeiting. Diff^

To ASSrST. 'v. a. [ajijler, Fr. aj/ijlo,

. Lat.] To help.

Receive, her in the Lord, as becometh faints,
and ajjiji her in whatfoever bufinefs Ihe hath need.

Rom. xvi. 2,

It is neceflary and affjihg to all our other in,

tellc^ual faculties. Locke,

Acquaintance with method will affji one in

ranging human affaires. JVatts's Logick,

She no fooner yielded to adultery, but fhe agreed

to cffjl in the murder of her hufband.

Broome on the Odyffey,
Assi'stance. n. /. [cij/ifiance, French.]
Help ; furtherance.

The council of Trent commends recourfe, not
only to the prayers of the faints, but to their aid
and afffance: What doth this aid and affiflanct
fignify .» Stillingfieet.

You have abundant affijiances for this know-
ledge, in excellent books. Wakes Prep, for Death.

Let us entreat this neceflary affijiance, that by
his grace he would lead us. Rogers,

Assi 3TANT. adj. [from ajfijl.'] Helping;
lending aid.

Some perchance did adhere to the duke, and

were affiftant to him openly, or atleaft underhand.

Hale's Common Laiu of England,

For the performance of this work, a vital or

direftive principle feemeth to be affjlant to the

corporeal. Crew^

Assi'sTANT. »,/. [from aj/i/.]

1 . A perfon engaged in an affair, not as
principal, but as auxiliary or minille-
rial.

Some young towardly noblemen or gentlemen
were ufually fent as affiflantsot attendants, accord,
ing to the quality of the perfons. Bacon,

2. Sometimes it is perhaps only a fofter
word for an attendant.

A^^

' T'hf >il! affiflnnis on each oth'er'(!.w'd,
• ^lthg«,»ing mouths for ilfuing wordt prefir'd.
- ' ■ Drydai.

ASSr?E, ^./. lajpji, a fittirt|; Fr.] •
i'r An aircmbly of knights ari3f other fub-
_.,jliu>uaj «n(;n, with tli« IjaiUff.or jajUcie,
''in" a 'certain place,' and at a cenain

timo. .
c. 'A jury.

j. 'All ordinance or ftatate.
j^. The court, place, or time, where and
>v'tieti, the writs and proceflVs (^ a^ze
are tal^en. ■ , , Catvcll.

,, . '^ic law wi^ i)«y<ir executeil by any jul'ticc;. of
.,.4|^^;lwtU>e]>c9^cJe(c't»tJicir »u-n laws. '
■■' M'T ' ■ ' Vavies OH Ir^Untii.

At each «//r« and term we try ■
... A thon'and i^f»;als of as deep a d)e,,,./?jry(^^«v.

5. Any court pfjoiUce, . ■ y. . t ' ■,

TJK- judging God /hall clofe the boolf. of fyxc,
Anil there the lad a^f! keep,
For (lioft-vl'ho wake, !l^d thsfe who deep. Diyi.

6. Ajpxt hf bread; ale, Si6. Meafure of
price or rate. 1'hus it is faid, lutien
'wheat is of fuch a price, the bread Jhall
be ofj'ucb aflize.

7. Meafure ; for which we now \x{e.fix.e. .

On high hill's top 1 faw a llately frame,».'j ,

An hundred cubits hij^h by jutt tf^xf,
; With hundred pillars. Spcrtjer.

!7fl Assi'zE. fu. a. [from the Aoun.] To
fix the rate of any thing by an aj[}ixe or
writ.

Assi'zERjOr Assi'sER. n.f. [from a£ize.']
Is an officer that has the care and over-
fight of weights and meafures. Chamb.

Asso'ci AB I. E. adj. [aj/ociaiilis, Latin.]

[ That which may be joined to another.

Ti ASSO'CIATE. -v.. a. [ajhcier. Fr.]

, affacie, Lat.]

I. '1^0 unite with another ks a confederate.

, ' A fearful army led by Caius Marcius,

y^iVd/f^ with Aufidius, rages
. Upon our territories. Shakespeare.

1. To adopt as a friend upon equal term'.

AJJituaic in your town a. wand'rin^ train.
And Arangers in your palace entertain. Dryden.

■3. To accompany,; to Ite.cp company with
another. . , ..

Fi>ends ibould <7^iarr friends in grief and woe.

.'' ', • _ ,Shaktjjttare.

4. To unite ; to join.

Sijmc oleaginous particles unperceivedly ajjict-
tueJ ih;mfclves to it. ByU.

5. It has generally the particle tvith ; as,
he njfociated nvith his mailer's enemies.

TV Asso'ciATE. "J. n. To unite himfelf;
to join himfelf.

Asso'ciATE. adj. [from the verb.] Con-
federate ; joined in intered or purpofe.

While 1 defccnd through daricncfs
To my fl/T-jriafs pow'rs, them to acquaint
With thcic fucccHes. Milton.

•Asso'ciATE. n.f. [from the verb.]

J. A pei^bn joined with another ; a part-

iver.
Tl ey pcrfuade the king, now in old age, to

make PUngut his aff.uau Im govcrumcht -.vith
' h'.m. % ' - ■ '\ S'lirty.

2. A confederate, in a good or neutral
fenfe ; an accomplice in ill.

Their dci'end:r, and h\i affeciates, h:iTe fithencc
yrnpofcJ to the wjrld a form fuch as thcmfelvcs
Jilce. }hoker.

5. A companion ; implying fome kind of
equality.

A S S

He was accompanied with a noble gentleman,
no unfuilable alJiciatt. ffattr..

Sole Eve, ajWuit folc, to me, beyond
Compare, above all Hving creatures dean MHim.
But iny tfficutci now my ftaydeplnrc,
. Impatient. Ptfi's OJyffiy.

Associa'tion. It,/. Ifrom afficiale.y
1 1 . Union ; conjunction ; focicty.

1 he church being a foctct)-, hath the fclf-fanic
original grounds, which other politick focietits
have; the natural inclination which all men have
unto fociablelife, and confcnt to fome certain bon i
o{ ojjhciatiov; which bond ts the law that appoini-
cth what kind of order they (hould bq aJ/'o:u"e<l in.
- • ' Heoier.

2, Confederacy ; union for particular pur-
pofes, good or ill.

This coiild not be done but with mighty op[io-
Ctibn: againll which to ftrcngtlien themfelves,
they fectttjy^ehteied into a league of aj/idaiien.

Ih^ier.

ji Partnerlhip.

Self-denial it a kind of holy ajiniatior \yith
God j and, by making you his partner, lnter,clh
you in all his happincfs. BiiyU.

4. Conneftion.

y}Jfociati:n of ideas is of great importance, and
may be of ejcellcnt ufe. ff^ails.

5. Appofition ; union of matter.

The changes of corporeal things are to be placed

. only in the various feparations, and new aJJ'odotkni

and motions, of thcfe permanent particles. Ncwtm.

A'ssoNANCE, n.f. \affonance, Fr.] Re-
ference of one found to another refem-
bling it. Refemblance of found. Dicl.

A'ssoNANT. adj. \affonant, Fr.J Sound-
ing in a manner refembling another
found. DiSl.

To Asso'rt, "v. a. \affortir, Fr.] To range
in clafles, as one thing fuits with ano-
ther.

Asso'rtment. n.f, [from fl^rt.]

1. The adl of claffing or ranging.

2. A mafs or quantity properly felefted
and ranged.

To Asso't. -v. a. [from^/o/ ; affoter, Fr.]
To infatuate ; to befot : a word out of
ufe.

But whence they fprung, or how they were begot,
Uneath is to afiiirc, uncath to weenc
That monftrous errour which doth fome ajfot.

f Spettfer.

To ASSUA'GE. 'V. a. [The derivation of
this word is uncertain : Minjhe--iv de-
duces it from adfuadere, or affuaviare ;
Junius, from fpa-y, fweet ; from whence
Skinner imagines afpa;j-an nilglit have
been formed.]

1. To mitigate ; to foften ; to allay.

Refieihing winds the fummer's heats ajjuage.
And kindly warmth difarms the winter's rage.

AMiS«n.

2. To appcafe ; to pacify.

. Yet is his hate, his v-nc ur, ne'er the lefs,
Since nought I'jjkaveth malice when 'tis told.

Fairfax.

This was ncceflary for the fccuring the pc^pe

from their fears, capable of being ajfua^ei by no

other means. ClarendMt.

Shall I, t* tjfua^c

Their brutal rage.

The rcgil (torn ui:(lroy > Dryien'sAthkn,

3. To eafe ; as, the medicine affnagts
pain.

To Assua'ce. %<. n. To abate.

Gnd male a wind to pais over the earth, and
. the waters /T^ifl^r*/. Gtn. v\'\\. 1.

Assu'a'cem ENT. n.f. \Uoxa affuage.\ Mi-
tigation i abatement of evil.

A s ^

Tell me, when Aall thefe weary waet tiarecnd.
Or (hali their ruthlcis torment ntier ccafc,
Dut all my days in pining languor fpend,
; Without litpc ai ■affua^nntr.t or rcledfe.

- ' • Sffvjir'i S'trrretu

AssuA'een'. *./ [from «^^*.i One who
pacifies -or appeafes. '

Assua'sivb. adj. [from ajiut^e."] Soften-
ing ; mitigating.

It in the1>rea(l tumultuous joys arife,
Mufick her foft a£aaf.'Jt voice fupplic^.

Pifc's St. Cariihrn

To Assu'biwcats. V. a.WubJHgo, Lat.]
To fubjeft to : not in ule.

This valiant lord
Mud not fo (late his palm, nobly acquir'J ;
Nor by my will ajjutj.tgate his merit,
By going to Achilles. Sbakejf:are,

AssUEFA'cTtON. tt.f. [a^utfacio, hiX."]

The (late of being accuftomed to any

thing. -

Right and left, as parts infervicnt unto the mo-
tive faculty, arc differenced by degrees from ufe
and aJjutJaSi'tm,- or according wliereto the one
grows (Irongcr. ' Src^ns l^algar Errcuru

Asivs'TVDS.. n.f, [ajsietttdo. Lit.] Ac-
cuftomance ; cuftom ; habit.

Wefcc that ii^irti«f; of things hurtful, doth make
them lofe the force to hurt. Baccn't Nal, Hi/it

To ASSU'ME. V, a. laffumo, Lat.]

1. To take.

This \vhen the various god had urg'd in vain.
He Rrait ajfum'd his native form again. Py>e«

2. To take upon one's felf.

With ravilh'd cirs
The monarch h^ars,
Ajlumfs the God,
Affedls to nod.
And feems to (hake the fphcrcs. Drxdittt

3. To arrogate; to claim or fcize un-
juflly.

4 . To fuppofe fomething granted without
proof.

In every hypothefis, fomething it allowed to be
affumed. Byle.

5. To apply to one's own ufe;. to appro-
priate.

His mijefty might well ajfumc the complaint
and cxpicliion of king David. Clarcr.diJt,

To Assu'me. •:;. n. To be arrogant; to
claim more than is due.

Assu'mer. n.f. [from ajjhmc.'] An arro-
gant man ; a man who claims more than
his due.

Can man be wife in any courfe, in which he is
not fafe too .' But can thcfc high ajjumers, and pre-
tenders to reafon, prove tliemfelvcs h ? Scutb,
\s%v'},iitic. participial adj. [from ajfufite.]
Arrogant ; haughty.

His haughty looks, and his a[/umtrg air.
The fon of Ifis cnuld no longer bear. Dryden*

This makes him over-forward in bufinefs, aj'
fumivg in convcrlatior, and peremptory in anfwers.

C-Ml,r.
ASSUMPSIT, n.f {affamo, Lat.] A vo-
luntary promifc made by word, where-
by a man takcth upon him to perform
or pay any thing to another ; it con-
tains any verbal promife made upon
confideration. Co^mcII,

.Assu'm PTION. II. f. \aff:implio, Lat.}
1 . The ad of taking any thing to one's felf.

The perfnnal dtfccnt of God tiiml'i, and his
eff..mpn<:n of our fl.lh to his divinity, more fami-
liarly to infinuale liis plrafure to us, was ^u en-
forcement beyond ali methods of wifdom.

liammwiSi iuniamnittn.

5 a. The

ASS

2. The fuppofition, or aft of fuppoSng, of
any thing without further proof.

Thefe by w.iy of a//itiTtj,ih>i, unJer the two ge-
neral prop ■litions, a.Q incrmficaUy and nativ^llyi
gtod or bnJ. ^orrii<'

3. The thing fnppofed ; a poilulate. ' ' ' '.

Hold, fays thcS.^ick, )oMt RffuKfU'jn'i Wrcing': ,
I gtaiiT, crue -I'^ei'jni-you k«ve well defin'd. Dryd-

Forrfie jJ^umptUrty that Chrid di 1 fuch miiacu-;
lous iqJ fupernatura) works to confirm what he
faid, we need only repeat the rneflage fent by him'
to Joh;i the Bartift. Sou'h.

4. The taking up any perfon into heaven,
which is fuppofed by the Roraifli Church
of the Blefle ! Virgin.

Upan rf-.i .^cali of the ajjfuwptkn of the BlefTed
Virgin, the pope and cardinals keep the vefpers.

St'tlUngjiett,

Adam, after a certain period of years, would
have been rewarded with an affump:]on to eternal
felicity. Wtii^.

Assc'mptive. adj. [ajfumptevus, Lat.]

That is afTumed. '

Ass; 'range. »./. \affurance, Fr.]

1. Certain expectation. '

Tlijugh hopr be, indeed, a lower and fclTcr'
thing thar. ajfuriinccy yet, as to aii the purpofesof a
pioiij life, it may prove moie i.vful, Sawh.

Wr;at encouragement c^.. bt t^ivcn to goodnefi,
beyond the hopes of heave j, and the ajjitratici of a
er.Ilefs felicity ? TilLtfon.

2. Secure confidence ; truft.

What mm is be that boat>5 of flelbly might,
And vain ajfuraticcof moical'ty, -
Which all fo f"on as it doth come to fight
Againft fpiritual foct, yields by and by. Faiy S^.

.3. Freedom from doubt; certain know-
ledge.

Proof from the author!tyT)f man's judgment, is
not able to work that affurance, which doth grow
by a ilronger proof. Hooker.

•Tis far off.
And rather like a dream, than an aj/irancc
That my remembrance warrants. Shjk. Tcmftfi.

The obedient, and the man of pia£lice, Ihall
outgrow all tiieir doubts and ignorances, till pcr-
fuafion pafs into knowledge, and knowledge ad-
vance into aJJ'urarct, South.

Hath he found, in an evil courfe, that comfort-
able ajfuranu of God's favour, and g ;jd ho^ :s cir
his future condition, wliic^ a religious life would
have given him ? Tilhtjon.

4. Firmnefs ; nndoabting ileadinefs.

Men whofe confidera'.inn will relieve our mo-
defty, and give us courage and ujptrana in the du-
ties of our piofcflion. Rogers.

5. Confidence; want of modefty ; exemp-
tion from awe or fear.

My behaviour, ill governed, gave you the firft
comfort; my atfeflion, ill hid, hath given you
this laft afj'urame. Suincy.

6. Freedom from vitious Ihame.

Converfatiun, when they come into the world,
will add to their knowledge and ojpir^nce. Locke,

7. Ground of confidence ; fecurity ; fuffi-
cient reafon for truft or belief.

The nature of defire itfelf is no eafier to receive
belief, than it is hard to ground belief; for as de.
fire is glad to embrace the firft /hew of comforr,
fo is defire defirous of prrt'eii ajfurance, Sidney.

As the conqueft was but llight and fuperficial,
{o the pope's donation to the Irifli fubmiflions were
but weak and fickle ujfurarcei. Daviei on Ireland.
None of woman born

Shall harm Macbeth.

—'J hen live, Macduff, what need I fear of thee ?
But yet I'll ni;:kc etjfurance double furc.
And take a bond at fate; thou (halt not live.

Hbakejfeare.

I m'f ■ ' " ' f vTir offer ij the bed;
And, make her the aj^urance^

She i> I . '.e you muft pardon mej

ASS

If you iliouU die before him, where'j her dower ?

Shakefpcare,
^n afjuran;e being paffed through for a compe-
tent line, hath caine back again by reafon of fome
oVerllghr. ' Bacon.

-8, Spirit ; intrepidity.

; 'fhey, like refolutc men, ftoQd in the face of
th^ breach witlnmofe ajpiravce than the wall itfelf.

■,*-'-'.■ KnolUi.

With all tV ajjirance innocence can bring,
Fearlefs without, becaufe fccure within ;
Arm'd with my CJurage, unconcern'd 1 fee
This pomp, a Hiame to you, a pride ro me. ' Dryd.

9. Sauguinenefs ; readinefs to hope.

' This is not the grace of hope, but a good natu- ,
ral affarance or c 'ntidence, which Atiltocls obfervcs
youn^ men to be full of> and oW men not fo in-
clined to. hammond.

10. Teftimony of credit.

1 am a gentleman of blood and^ breeding,
And, from fome knowledge and nfflirance of you,
Offer this office. Shakef^care' i King Lear.

We have as great ajfurance that there is a God,
as we could expeQ to have, fuppofing that he were.

. Tlllolfon.

1 1 . Conviftion.

Such an aljurance of things as will make men
careful to avoid a leflirr danger, ought to awaken
men to avoid a greater. TiUotfon.

12. [In theology.] Security with refpeft
to a future ftate ; certainty of accept-
ance with God.

13. The fame with /»/«r/i»«. See Insu-
rance.

To Assu're. a/, a. \affeurer, Fr. from af-
J'ecurare, low Latin.]

1. To give confidence by a firm promife.

So when he had affured them with many words
that he would reilote them without hurt, accord-
ing to the agreement, they let him go for the fjv-
ing of their brethren. 2 Mac. xii.

2. To fecure to another ; to make firm.

So irrefiftible sm authority cannot be refle^ed
on, without the moft awful reverence, even by
thofc whofe piety ajfurei its favour to them. Rogers.

3. To make confident ; to exempt from
doubt or fear ; to confer iecurity.

And hereby we know, that we arc of the truth,
and Ihall ii^iiMOurheartsbefoiehim. iyotn,'s\\, 19.

1 revive
At this laft fight ; aJJ'ur'd that man (hall live
With all the creatures, and their feed perfcrve.

Mi/ton.

4. Too make fecure : with o/.

But what on earth can lung abide in ftate?
Or who can him affiire of happy day ? Sfenjer.

And, for that dow'ry, I'll ujj'urt her of
Her widowhood, t^e it that ftie fuivivcs me,
In all my lands and leafes whatfoever. Sbakefp,

5. To afHance j to betroth.

'Ihij aiviner laid claim to me, called me Dro-
mio, fwore t was esjfured to her. Shjkejfieure,

Assu'red. participial adj. [fromo^rf.]

1 . Certain ; indubitable ; not doubted.

It is an ajiired experience, that flint laid about
the bottom of a tree makes it profper.

Bacon's Natural Hi/lory,

2. Certain ; not doubting.

Young princes, clol; your hands,
—And your lips too j for, I am vitII affured.
That I did fo, when I was firft ajjlr'd.

Sbakejpearg's King fohn.
As when by night the glafs
Of Galilaco, lefs offur'd, obfervcs
Imagin'd lands and regions in the moon. Milton.

3. Immodeft ; vitioufly coiifident.
Assu'redlv. ad'x'. \jivom. aJJ'ured.'\ Cer-
tainly ; indubitably.

They promls'd me eternal happincfs.
And brought me garlands, OrifRth, which I feel
I am not worthy yet to wear ; 1 fllall affuredly.

S^akefl'eari.

AST

God is abfolutely giod, and fo, effiirtj.y, th«

caufe of all that is good ; hut of any thing t!iat i» '

evil he is ho caufe at all. Raleigh's Hifi. ofH'orld.

jiJJ'uredly he will flop our lib^:ty, till we reftoie

him his woiihif • ' South.

Assu'redness. »./. [from ajiiied.'\ The

ftate of being aflured ; certainty.
Assu'rer. >!./. [from c^«v.]

1 . He that gives aflurance.

2. He that gives fecurity to mftke good
any lofs.

To ASSWA'GE: See ASSUAGE. '
A'sterisk. ?;./. [arte'""*®--] A mark itt
printing or writing, in form of a little
ftar; is •• :

He atfo puBliflied. the tranflation of the Septua-

gint by itfelf, having firll compared it with the

Hebrew, and noted by ajier'ijks what was defeilive,

and by obelilks what was redundant. Crew*

A'sTERisM. n.j'. \ttjierifmus, Lat.]

1. A conftellation.

Poetry had filled the (kics with aji'rifms, and'
hlftories belonging to them ; and the..' aflrology
devifes the feigned virtues and influenres of each.

B-nt ley's Scrmoru

2. An afteriflc, or mark. This is a very
improper ufe.

Uwcll particularly on pafTages with an ajler'iftn ♦ ;
for the obfcrvat'.ons which follow fi.ch a note, will
give you a clear light. DryJen's Dufrejnoy,

Asie'rn. adv. [from a and _/?cr».] Ir»
the hinder part of the ftiip ; behind the
(hip.

The galley gives her fide, and turns her prow.
While thofe afiern, defcending down the ftcep.
Thro' gaping waves behold the boiling deep. Dryd.
To Aste'rt. v. a. [a word ufed by Spen-
fer, as it feems, iorjtart, or fiarile.] To
terrify ; to ftartle ; to fright.

We deem of death, as doom of ill defert ;
But knew we fools what it us brings until.
Die would we daily, once it to expert;
No danger there the (hepherd can ajlert. Spenfcr,

A'sTHMA. ». /. [ao-S/xa.J Afretjucnt,
diflicult, and fliort refpiration, joined
with a hiffing foond and a cough, efpe-
cially in the night-time, and when the
body is in a prone pofture ; becaufe
then the contents of the lower belly
bear fo againft the diaphragm, as to
leflen the capacity of the breaft, where-
by the lungs have lefs room to move.

^incy.

An BJihma is the inflation of the membranes of

the lungs, and of the membranes covering the

mufcles of the thorax. Floyer on the humours,

AiTHUATictLi-.l adj. [from afihma.'\

Asthma'tick. 5 Troubled with an

afthma.

In ajlhmatical perfons, though the hings be
very much Huffed with tough phlegm, yet the pa-
tient may live £bme montlis, if not fome years.

Boyle.

After drinking, our horfes are moft ajlhmatick ^

and, for avoiding the watering of them, we wet

their hay. Floyer.

Asto'nied. part. adj. A Word ufed in

the vcrfionof the Bible ioiajhnijhed.

Many were afivnted at thee. Ijaiah, lii. i^.

Unnanly dicad invades

The French a/lony'd. J. Philips,

To ASTO'NISH. -v. a. [ejlomier, Fr. from
altmitui, Lat.] To confound with fome
fudden paffion, as with fear or wonder j
to amaze ; to furprife ; to ftun.

It is the part iif men to fi-ar and tremble.
When the moft mighty gotis, by tokens, fend
Such dreadful heralds to B^sBift us, S^hukeffrare.

.^Jl.nijh'd

A S T

Afiomjh'i <t the voice, he Hood amai'd.
And all around with inward horror gaz'd* A^tJ'itu

A genius unlverfal as hit theme,
Ajiwtlh'w^ as chaos. TBomfin.

ASTO NISHINCNESS. «._/C [Uom aJfoHiJh.']

Of a nature to excite aflonifliment.
Asto'nishment. »./ [eflonniment, Fr.]
Amazement ; confvflon of mind from
fear or wonder. ,. ,, ,,.,; .1 -

We found, with no lefi wondef to, as than ejla-
tii/kment to themfelvts, that they wei-e the two va-
liant knd famous brothers. Sidnij.

She efteemed this as much^bovc his wifdom,as
ajltmjhmirt is btyond bare Mlnuratipn> Swib.

yi AsTo'uND. -v. a. {eftonnO-, Fr.'\ To
alloni/h ; to confound with fear or won-
der. Thij word is now fomewhat ob-
*i>'ete. ,.,,„„.

Thefe thoughts may ftartle well, but not afimind
The virtuous mind, that ever walks attended
By a ftrong fiding champion, confcicitcc Milnn.
Astra'ddle. ativ. [from a &t\Aj!railMe.y
With one's legs acrofs any thing. Dia. !
A'sTRACAi,. n./. [ar^ay<»^®>., the ankle'
or ankle-bone.] A little round meniber,-
jn the form of a ring or bracelet, ferv-
ing as an ornament at the tops and bot-
toms of columns. Builder's DiS.

We fee none of that ordinary confufion, which
is the refult of ijiurter rounds of the ajiragal, and
1 know not how many other intermingled particu-
lars. Sfeliclor.i

A'sTRAL. adj. [from a/?>-aOT, Lat.] Starry;
belonging to the ftars. (

Some oftral forms I muft invtke by pray'r,
Fram'd all of pnreft atoms of the air ;
Not in their natures fimply good or ill,
But mofl fubfervient to bad fpirits will. DryJtn.\

Astra'y. adv. [from a a.i\dji,-aj.'\ Out of
the right way.

May feem the wain was very avll led, '

When fuch an one had guiding of the way,
That knew not whether right he .went, or clfe
ajiray. Sperftr.

You run aflray, for whilft we talk of Ireland,
you rip up the original of Scotland, Spenjer on Jrct.

Like one that had been led aflray
Through the heav'ns wide patdlefs way. Milton.

7*0 ASTRT'CT. 'V. a. \aflringo, Lat.] To
,' contraft by applications, in oppofition'

to relax : a word not fo much ufcd as

eonfiringe.

The folid parts were to be relaxed or ajlnlicd, ns

they let the humours pafs either in too fmall or too

great quantities. Arhuthmt en Al'mcnti.

AsTRi'cTiON. n.f. [aJ}ri3io, L?it.] The
aft or power of contrafting the parts of
the body by applications.

Afirilihii is in a fubftancc that hath a virtual
cold ; and it worketh partly by the fame means that
old doth. Bacon.

This virtue requlreth an aJiriSthn, but fuch an
afiridiim as is not grateful to the body ; for a pleaf-
lag afiriaiofi doth rather bind in the nerv7s than
expel them j and therefore fuch ajinSkn is found
in things oi a harfli tafte. Bacon.

Lenitive fubflances are proper for dry atrabila-
r'an conftltution?, who are fubjeft to ajirili'an of
the belly, and tlic piles. Arbuihmt on Dili.

AsTRi'crivE ad/. \Jiom aftriS.'] Stip-
tick ; of a binding quality. Dih.

AsTRi'croRY. adj. [ajiriaoriui, Lat.]
Aftringent ; apt to bind. Z)/V7.

Astri'dr. adv. [from a and Jlride.'\
With the legs open.

To lay their native arms afide.
Their modcfty, and ride aftrid,: Uudihrm.

1 faw a place, where tiie Rhone it fo ihaiteiicd

A§ t

between two rockj, that a man may Rand afiridc
upon both at oixce. B<yle.

Astri'ferous. adj, {a^rifer, Lat.]
Bearing or having liars. Dia.

Ast r I'c E ROUS, adji [afiri^Bf, Lai.J Car-
rying ftars. ' > DiB.

rffASTRl'NGE. ^. a. [ajlrhgo, Lat.]
To prefs by contraftion ; to make the
parts draw together. '

Tears are cauicd by a contraflion of the fpirits
of. the brain j which contra3ioh, by confcquence,
ajlri^gnb the rooirt»rc of t^e btain, and thereby
fendrth tears into the eyes. Bainn.'.

AsTRTNCENcy. ». / [from aJfriMge.]
The power of comrafting the parts ot
the body ; oppofcd to the power of re-
laxation. '

Aftriflion ^rohibiteth difTolution ; as, in medi-
cines, afiringcnts inhabit putrcfaflion : and, by
ajlihgcncy, fomc frflall quantity of oil of vitriol
will ke:p frcUi water loiig from putrefying.'

'■ '- ' " Bii^iCi Natural WJIory.
Atid, acrid, auftere, and bitter fubftan^es, by'
their ajlr'wgeny, create Jiorroof, ftat W, IHmulale
tlie fibres. •''.'■■■ ' Arbuthnot.^

Astri'ncent. adj.' \_njfri>igens, Lat.]
Binding; contrafting ; oppofed to /a.v-
ati've : it is ufed fometimes of talles'
which feem to contraft the mouth.

AJIrin^nl medicines arc binding, which aft by'
the afpenty of their particles, whereby they corru-
gate tlie membranes, and make tliem draw up;
clofcr. ' ^m.ji.l

The myrobalan hath parts of contrary natures, !
for it is fweet and yet ejirmgent, \. Baiop.

The juice is very ajlrlngcni, an^ therefore of (To'w
motion. _ Bacon's Natural Hiftcry.

What diminifticth fenfible perfpiration, en-
crcafeth the infenfible; for that rcafon a ftrength-
ening and ajfringent diet often condoceth to this
pui^ofe. Arbuthnot en jUhm-tn,

A'strocraphy. n.f. [from a-{5> and
y^u^u.l The fcience of defcribing the
ftars. Dia.

A'strolabe. n.f. [of irig, and Xot.iiXt,
to take.]

1. An inftrument chiefly ufed for taking
the altitude of the pole, the fun, or ftars,,
at fea.

2. A ftereographick pxojeftion of the cir-i
cles of the fphere upon the plain of fome
great circle. Chambers.

Astro'locer. n.f. [ajirolcgus, Lat. from
u,T^o» and ^o'y©'.]j

1. One that, fuppofing the influences of
the ftars to have a caufal powc, profefles
to foretel or difcover events depending
on thofe influences.

Not unlike that wliich aftrohgin call a conjunc-
tion of planets, of no very benign alpcft thenncto
tlic other. _ - IViiion.

A happy genius is the gift of nature : it depends
on the influence of the ftars, fay the ajlrologers ; on
the organs of the body, fay the naturalifts ; it is the
particular gift of heaven, fay the divines, both
chriftians and heaihens. Drydcn.

AJIrolagtrs, that future fates fore/hew. Pcpt.

I never heard a finer fatire againd lawyers, tha«
that of a/fro/o^wj, when they pretend, by rules ot
art, to tell when a fuit will end, and whether to the
a Ivantage of the plaintift'or defendant. S^vjt.

2. It was anciently ufed for one that un-
derftood or explained the motions of the
planets, without including prediftion.

A worthy ajtrologrr, by perfpcdtive glafTes, hath
found in the ftars many things unknown to the an-
cients. . Rale.gh.

Astroi.o'gian. ». /. [from ajlro'ogy.']
The fame with aji oltger.

AST

The twelve hotifes of heaven, in the form which
ajirohgiam ufe. Camden.

■ The ftars, they fay, cannot difpofe
No more than can the aJInUgian, Huiibrai.

Astrolo'gical. 7 J- re /. , ,

As r ROLo'c I c K . I'^J- t*^"" ¥'ology.-\

1. Profefling aftrology.

Some feem a little aJlreUguat, as when tliey
warn ut from places of malign influence. Ifetion.

No ajirologkk wiiard honour gains.
Who has not oft been binifli'd, or in chains.

DrydcK,

2. Relating to aftrology.

Ajtrotogical prayers fscm to me to be built on ai

go>Kl leafon as the prediftions. StiUingftur,

The poetical fables are more ancient thin. the

afirfihgual inOiences, that were not known to tl,e

Creeks till af:er Alexander the Great. BenlUy,

AsTROLo'ciCALLY. adv. [from ajlrtlo-

gy-'\ In an aftrological manner.
7» Astro'locize. nj. n. [from ajfra.

logy.'\ To praftife afliology.
ASTRO'LOGY. H.f. [ajirologia, Lat.]
The praftice of foretelling things by
the knowledge of the liars ; an art now
generally exploded, as irrational and
falfe.

1 know the learned think of the art of ajlrolegy,
that the ftars do not force ihe aftions or wilU of
mch. Stvi/t.

Astro'nomer, n./. [from Sr^ov, a ftar,
and ion©-, a rule or law.] One that
ftudies the celeftial motions, r.nd the
tules by which they are governed.

The motions of faClionj under kings ought ta

be like the motions, as the afironomert Ipeak of, in

the inferioar orbs. Bac(,n.

Aftrcncmeri no longer doubt of the motion of the

planets about the fun. Locke,

The old and ticw ajfronomers in vain
Attempt the heav'niy motions to explain.

BlarJttrfore^
Astrono'mical. ladj. [from a^ro/ior/ty.'\
Astrono'mick. j Belonging to aftro-
nomy.

Our fjrefathers marking certain mutations to
happen in the fun's progrefs through the zod'ack,
th-y re^iftrate and fet them down in their aftrono-
mical canons. Brc-a.n't Vulgar Errouri.

Can he not pafs an aftrtmcmick line.
Or dreads the fun th' imaginary fign.
That he Aiouid ne'er advance to either po'e ?

Blackmire,
Astrono'mically. adv. [from ajlro-^

mmical.] In an aftronomical manner.
ASTRO'NOMY. n. f. [ir^ovo^;*, from
arftf, a ftar, and ►op.®-, a law cr rule.]
A mixed m.ithematical fcience, teaching
the knowledge of the celeftial bodies,
their magnitudes, motions, diftances,
periods, eclipfes, and order. Pythago-
ras taught that the earth and planets
turn round the fun, which ftands im-
moveable in the centre. From the time
of Pythagoras, ajironcmy funk into ne-
gleft, till it was revived by the Ptole-
mys, kings of Egypt ; and the Saracens
brought it from Atrica to Spain, and re-
ftored this fcience to Europe. Chamhrs.

To this muK be add :il the undciftanding i.f the
globei, and the principles .>f geometi y and ajironcmy.

Cvtcl y.

A'sTROscopY. «. /. [a.-\(, a ftar, and
cyttriu-, to view.] Obfervation of the
ftars. Dia.

Astro-theology, n.f. [from ajirum, a
ftar, and thealogia, divinity.] Divinity

founded

A T

fotnded on the obfervation of the celef-
tial bodies.

That the diurnal and annual revolutions are the
motions of the terraqueous globe, not of the fun, 1
flicw in the preface of my j^fin-Theahgy.

D^rbdfni Pbyji^o-Tbefthgy .

Asu'NDER.Wf. [apinbpan. Sax.] Apart;
feparately ; not togetljer.

Two indirefi lines, the further that they are
drawn out, the further they go a/under.

Sptnjer m Ireland,

Senfe thinks the planets fpheres not much .•j/at<iTj

What tells us th. n their diftance is fo far ? Di-uUt.

Greedy hope to find
His wifli, and beft advantage, us ajunder.

Paradife Lofi.
The fall'n archangel, envious of our ftjte.
Seeks his advantage to betray us worfe ;
Which, when a under, will not prove too hard.
For both t "gether are each other's guard. Dryden.

Borne far jjunder by the tides of men.
Like adamant and fteel they meeta'ain.

Drydtns Fables.
All this metallick matter, both that which con-
tinued njunder, and in fingle corpufcles, and t'lat
which was amafll-J and concreted into nodules,
fubfided. H^oodward' t Natural Hiftory.

AsY LUM. n.f. [Lat. airvXit, from a., not,
and c:v>.iu, to pillage.] A place out of
which he that has fled to it may not be
taken ; a fanftuary ; a refuge ; a place
of retreat and fecurity.
_ So facred was the church to foroe, that it had the
right ofina/ylam, orfanfluary. jiyhffe'iParergon.

Asy'mmetry. »./,[from a, without,
and avfi^'vT^M, fymraetry.]

1 . Contrariety to fymmetry ; difpropor-
tion.

The afymmeirles of the brain, is well as the de-
formities of the ie^s or face, may be reaificd in
«■""=•. _ Grevi.

2. This term is fometiraes nfcd in mathe-
maticks, for what is more ufually called
incommenfurability ; when between two
quantities there is no common meafure.

A'svmptote. n. /. [from a, priv. a^,,
with, and ■efUu,, to fall ; which never
meet ; incoincident.] Afymptotes are
right lines, which approach nearer and
nearer to fome curve ; but which, though
they and their curve were infinitely con-
tinued, would never meet ; and may be
conceived as tangents to their curves at
an infinite diftance. Chambers.

Afymptoie lines, though they may approach ftill
rearer together, till they are nearer than the lead
ajfignable d,(Hnce, yet, being ftiU produced infi-
nitely, will never meet. Gre'ji.
AsYMPTo'riCAL. adj. [From aj^mftou.]
Curves are faid to be afymptoiical, when
they continually approach, without a
poffibility of meeting.
JSr'NDETON. „. f. [i^i.S,r„, of a,
priv. and o-trA'w, to bind together.] A
figure in grammar, when a conjunftion
copulative is omitted in a fentence ; as,
in veni, 'vidi, •vici, CS" is left out.
At. prep, [are, Saxon.]
1. Jt, before a place, notes the nearnefs
of the place ; as, a man is at the houfe
before he is in it.

This cullom continued among many, to fay
Jhe.r prayers at fountains. SiMrgfJ.

At, before a word fignifying time, notes
B^ '"* cocxiftence of the time with the
^K event ; the word titne is fometimes in-
B Vol.

A T

eluded in the adjeftive ; we commonly
fay, at a minute, at an hour, on a day,
in a month.

We thought it at the very firft a llgn of cold
afteifllon. Hooker.

How frequent to defert him, and at laft
To heap ingratitude on worthieft deeds. Milton.
At the fame time that the ftorm beats upon the
whole fpecies, we are falling foul upon one another.

Addf^t,.
We made no efforts at all, where we could have
moft weakened the common enemy, and, at the
fame time, enriched ourfehes. Swift.

At, before a caufal word fignifies nearly
the fame as ivith, noting that the event
accompanies, or immediately fucceeds,
the adion of the caufe.

A^ his touch.
Such fanftity hath Heav'n giv'n his hand,
They prefently amend. Sbaktjfrare' s Macbeth.

O fir, when he (hall hear of your approach,
If tlut young Arthur be not goie already,
Bv'n ai this news he dies. Shakrfp. King John.

Much at tlic fight was Adam in his heart
Difmay'd. Mdt.ns Paradife Loft.

High o'er their heads a mould'iing rock is pljc'd.
That promlfes a fail, and ihakes at ev'ry biart.

Dryd'v.

4. At before a fuperlative adjedlive implies
inihejlate; as, at biji, in the ftate of
moft perfeftion, l^c.

Confider any man as to his perrmal powers, Uiey
are not great; for, at greateft, they muil ftill be
limited. _ Sautb.

We bring into the world with us a poor needy
uncertain life, fliort at the longed, and unquiet iif
the beft. TVm/./,.

5. At, before a perfon, isfeldom ufed other-
wife than ludicroufly ; as, he longed to
be at him, that is, to attack him.

6. At before a fubftantive fometimes figni-
fies the particular condition or circum-
ftances of the perfon ; as, at peace, in a
ftate of peace.

Under pardon,
You are much more at talk for want of wifdom.
Than prais'd for harnilefs mildnefs. Shakcfp.

It biingeth the treafure of a realm into a few
hands: for the ufurer being at certainties, and
others at uncertainties, at the end of the game moft
of the money will be in the box. Bacon.

Hence walk'd the fiend at large in fpacious field.

Miltt,n.
The reft, for whom no lot is yet decreed,
May run in paftures, and at plcafure feci.

Drydin's Virgil.
Dcferted, at his utmoft ne.d.
By thofe his former bounty fed. Vryd, Sl.Cacllia.

What hinder'd cither, in their native foil,

A'. cAt to reap the harvert of their toil. Dryd. Fab.

Wile men are fometimes over-borne, when they

are taken at a difadvantage. Collier of Confidence.

Thefe have been the maxims they have been

guided by : take thefe from tiiem, and they arc

perfeOly at a lofs, their compafs and pole-ftar then

are gone, and their utiderftanding is perfeflly at a

nonplus. i^,ci,e.

One man manages fourhnrfcs at once, and leaps

from the back of another at full (peed.

Pc'jie't Effay on Ihmeri Batilet.

They will rot let mc be at quiet in my bed, but

purfue me to my very dreams. Swift.

'. At before a fulfllantive fometimes marks
employment or attention.

We find fome arrived to that fottilhnefs, as to
own roundly what they would bear. South.

How d'ye (in.l yourfelf ? fayslhe doflor to his
pot ent. A little while after he is at it again,
with a. Pray how d'ye find your boiy > L'EJIranie.

But (he who well en.,ugh knew what.
Before he fpoke, he would be at.
Pretended not t.^ apprehend. Uudihras.

The creature's at his ditty work again. Pipe.

ATE

8. .<^/ is fometimes the fame viYth/urmJljeJ^
ivith, after the French a.

Iifufe his bread with magnanimity,
And make him naked foil a man at arms. Shakeff.

9. At fometimes notes the place where any
thing is, or afts.

Yourhulband isaf hand, I hear his trumpet.

Shaiejfcare*
He that in tracing the velTels began at the heart,
though he thought not at all of a circulation, yet
made he the firft true ftep towards the difcovery.

Crew*

To all you ladies now at land

We men at fea indite. Bucihurfl*

Their various news I heard, of love and ftrife,

01 ftorms at fea, and travels on the (liore. Pope.

10. At fometimes fignifies in immediate
confequeiice of.

Inpeachments at the profecution of the houfe of
commons, have received their determinations in
the houfe of lords. Hale.

11. At marks fometimes the effeiS pro-
ceeding from an aft.

Reft in this tomb, rais'd at thy huiband's cof?.

Dryden.

Tom has been at the charge of a penny upoa
this occafion. Addifon,

Thole may be of ufe, to confirm by authority
what they will not be at the trouble to deduce by
reafoning. Arbutbmt.

12. At fometimes is nearly the fame as in,
noting fituation ; as, he was at the bot-
tom, or top of the hill.

She hath been known to come at the head of
thefe rafcals, and beat her lover. Sivifc.

I J. At fometimes marks the occafion, like
on.

Others, with more helpful care,
Cry'd out aloud. Beware, brave youth, beware t
At this he turn'd, and, as the bull drew near,
Shunn'd, and rcceiv'd him on his pointed fpear.

Dryden,

14. At fometimes feems to fignify ia the
poiuer of, or obedient to.

But thou of all the kings, Jove's care below.
Art lead at my command, and moft my foe. Dryd,

15. At fometimes notes the relation of a
man to an aftion.

He who makes pleafure the vehicle of health, is
a doftor at it in good earned. Collier of Friendjhip.

16. At fometimes imports the manner of
an aclion.

One warms you by degrees, the other fets you oi»
fire all at once, and never intermits his he.it.

Drydcn^s Fables,

Not with Icfs ruin than the Bajan mole
At once comes tumbling down. Dryden s^ncidm

17. At, like the French chez, means fome-
times application to, or dependence on.

The worft authors might endeavour to pleale us,
and in that endeavour defcrve fomcthing at out
hands. Pope,

18. At all. In any manner; in any de-
gree.

Nothing more true than what you once let fall,
Muft women have no characters at all. Pope.

A'tabai,. «./ A kind of tabour ufed by
the Moors.

Children ftiall beat our atabals and drnms,
And all the noify trades of war no more
Shall wake the peaceful morn. Dryd. DonSehaJI.

ATARA'XIA. In./. [iT«fa|ia.] Exemp-
A'taraxv. j tion from vexation;
tranquillity.

The fcepticks ai^edlcd an indifferent cqutpon;.
dcrous neutrality, as the only means to their ata-
ra.ria, and freedom frjm pa(rion«te diftarbanccs.

Glantfjile^t Seepfis,

Ate. The preterite of m/. Sec 7« Eat.

A And

A T H

And hj h'la fiiie hit ftced the gnfly forage an,

Sftnfer.

Even onr firft parents ait thcmfelves out of Pa-
radifc; and Job's children junkettcd and feafled
together often. S^uih.

JTUJ'KOR. n.J. [a chymical term, bor-
rowed from aia»»T®- ; or, as others
think, nun.] A digelling furnace to
keep heat for fome time ; fo that it may
be augmented or diminiflied at pleafurc,
by opening or fliutting fome apertures
made on purpofc with Aiders over them,
called regillers. * ^incy.

A'theism. »./ \ixatA atheift. It is only
of two fyllables in poetry.] The di(be-
lief of a God.

GoJ never wrought miracles to convince athtifm,

becaufe his ordinary works convince it. Bacon.

It is the common intercft of mankind, to punifh

all thofe who would fcduce men to athiifm, Tilhtfon,

A'THEIST. «. /. [SS.©-, without God.]
One that denies the exiftence of God.

To tliefe that fober race of men, whole lives
Religious titled them the fons of God,
Shall yield up all their virtue, all their fame.
Ignobly I to the trains, and to the fmiles,
Of thefe fair atbeifts. MiltonU ParaJ'tfe Left.

Though he were really a fpeculative albtifl, yet
if he would but proceed rationally, he could not
however be a praflical atheift, nor live without
Cod in tbi« world. Siuth.

: Atheift, ufe thine eyes.

And having view'd the order of the ikies.
Think, if thou canft, that matter, blindly huri'd
Without a guide, fhould frame this wond'rous world.

Creech.
No atheift, as fuch, can be a true friend, an af-
fectionate relation, or a loy«l fubjeft. Birtley,

A'theist. aJj. Atheiftical ; denying
God..

Nor (lood unmindful Abdiel to annoy
The aihiift crew. Mihcn't ParaJifs Luft.

ATHEi'sTicAL.aiir'. [(lom athcijl.'] Given
to atheifm ; impious.

Men are atheiftical, becaufe they are fitft vicious ;
and queftion the truth of chriftianity, becaufe they
hate the pra^ice. South.

At H E I'sT I c A L L Y.adv. [from aiheijlical.]
In an atheiftical manner.

Is it not enormous, that a divine, hearing a great
. finner talk aiheiftically, and fcoft" profanely at reli-
gion, (hould, inftead of vindicating the trut!i, ta-
citly approve the fcoffcr? South.

I entreat fuch as arc atheifticalhf inclined, to con-
fidcr tlicfe things. Tilhtfon.

Athei'sticalness. v./. [hom atheijli-
eal.] The quality of being atheiftical.

Lord, purge out of all hearts profane.nefs and
etbeiftiealmji. Hammonds Fundamentals.

Athei'stick. fl<^'. [from«/-J^^.] Given
to atheifm.

This argument dcmonftrated the exigence of a
Deity, and convinced all albeiftick gainfayers.

Ray on the Creation.

A'thel, Athelinc, Adel, and J&-
THEL, from adel, noble. Germ. So
jEthclredls noble for ccunfel; jEthelard,
a noble genius ; jEthclbert, eminently no-
hlt; .^theltuard, amble prote^or.

Gibfon's Camden.

A'theous. adj. [SSi®-.] Atheiftick j god-
lefs.

Thy Father, who is holy, wife, and pure.
Suffers the hypocrite, or atbeous prieft.
To tread his facred courts. taradije Regained.

ATHERQ-MA. n.f. [i%«fc«, from <;$,p«,
pap or pulfc] A fpecies of wen, which

A T L

neither caufes pain, difcoloars the fein,
nor yields eafily to the touch.

If tlie matter forming them rcfemblei milk
curds, the tumour is called athenma ; if it be like
honey, melicetis ; and if compofed of fat, or a
fu 'ty fubitaace, fteatoma. Sharf>.

Athero'matous. adj. [from atiercma.]
Having the qualities of an atheroma,
or curdy wen.

Feeling the matter flufluating, 1 thought it
atkcrotnatiui. Ji^tjcmani Surgery.

Athi'rst. adv. [from a and thirft.'\
Thirfty ; in want of drink.

With fcanty meafure then fupply their food ;
And, when athirft, rellrain 'em from the flood.

Dryden.

Athle'tick. adj. [from athleta, Lat.
aSxjirW, a wreftler.]

1. Belonging to wreftling.

2. Strong of body ; vigorous ; lufty ; ro-
buft.

Seldom (hall one fee in rich families that
athlciick foundnefs and vigour of conftitution,
which is feen in cottages, where natut« is cook,
and neceffity caterer. South.

Science diftinguilhes a man of honour from one
of thofe athUtick brutes, whom undefervedly we
call heroes. Dryden,

Athwa'rt. prep, [from a and th^ari.'\

1 . Acrofs ; tranfverfe to any thing.

Themiftocles made Xerxes poft out of Grecia,
by giving out a purpofe to break his bridge athiuart
the HeHefpont. Bacon's Ejjjiys.

Execrable fliape !
That dar'ft, though grim and terrible, advance
Thy mifcrealed front athviart my way.

Paradife Loft.

2. Through ; this is not proper.

Now, atb'wart the terrors that thy vow
Has planted round thee, thou appear'ft more fair.

jiddifon.
Athwa'rt. ad-v. a tort.

1 . In a manner vexatious and perple-ting ;
crofsly.

All athwart there came
A poft from Wales, loaden with heavy news.

ShaktJ^eare.

2. Wrong : a ira'vers. ,

The baby beats the nurfe, and quite athvjart
Goes all decorum. Shakefp. Meafure Jor Meafure.
Ati'lt. adv. [from a and ////.]

1. In the manner of a tilter ; with the
aftion of a man making a thruft at an
antagonift.

In the city Tours
Thou ran'ft atilt, in honour of my love,
And ftol'ft away the ladies hearts from France.

Sbaiejfeare.
To run atilt at men, and wield
Their naked tools in open field. -Hudibras.

2. In the poftureof a barrel raifed or tilt-
"ed behind, to make it run out.

Such a man is always atilt; his favours come
hardly from him. Spellator.

A'tlAS. n.f.

1. A colledlion of maps, fo called proba-
bly from a pifture of Jilas fupporting
the heavens, prefixed to fome collec-
tion.

2. A large fquare folio ; fo called from
thefe folios, which, containing maps,
were made large and fquare.

3. Sometimes the fupporters of a build-
ing. ^

4. A rich kind of filk or fluff made for
women's clothes.

I have the conveniency of buying Dutch atlaffis
with gold and filver, or witljout. Spidator.

A T O

A'tmosphere. n.f. [ir/**', vapour, and
ff^ai'^a, a fphere.]

The exteriour part of this our habitable world
is the air, or atmoffbere ; a light, thin, fluid, or
fpringy body, that eocompalTes the folid earth on
all ftdes. Lccke,

Immenfe the whole excited atmoffbere
Impetuous ruflieso'er the founding world, thomfon.

Atmosphe'rical. adj. [from atmo-
fphere.l Confifting of the atmofphere ;
belonging to the atmofphere.

We did not mention the weight of the incum-
bent atmoffherical cylinder, as a part of the weight
refilled. Boyle,

A'TOM. ti./. [atomus, Lat, a,rofA.&-.'\

1. Such a fmall particle as cannot be
phyfically divided : and tiiefe are the
firft rudiments, or the component parts,
of all bodies. ^incy.

Innumerable minute bodies are called atoms, be-

~"<aufe, by reafon of their pcrfc^ folidity, they were

really indivifible. Ray,

See plaflick nature working to this end,
The fingle atoms each to other tend.
Attract, attraftcd to, the next in place
Forra'd and impeird its neighbour to embrace.

Pope,

2. Any thing extremely fmall.

It is as cafy to count af^ms, as to refolve the
propofitions of a lover. Sbakcff. As you like it.

Ato'micai,. adj. [from atom. 1

1 . Confifting of atoms.

Vitrified and pellucid bodies are clearer in their

continuities, than in powders and atcmical divifions.

BrowtCt Vulgar Erruurie

2. Relating to atoms.

Vacuum is another principal do£lrine of the <ir«-
mical philofophy. Bentley's Sermons,

A'tomist. n.f. [from /jffcn!.] One that
holds the atomical philofophy, or doftrine
of atoms.

The atomifts, who define motion to be a paf.
fage from one place to another, what do they m^rc
than put one fynonymoas word for another?

Locke,
Now can judicious atomifts conceive.
Chance to the fun could his juft impulfe give ?

Blackmcre*

A'tomy. n./. An obfolete word for atom.

Drawn with a team of little atomiis
Athwart men's nofes, as they be aflecp. Sbakefp.

To ATO'NE. <v. n. [from at one, as the
etymologifts remark, to be at one, is
the fame as to be in concord. This de-
rivation is much confirmed by the fol-
lowing paflage of Shakefpeare, and ap-
pears to be the fenfe ftill retained in
Scotland.]

1. To agree ; to accord.

He and Aufidius can no more atone.
Than violenteft contrariety. Sbakefp. Ccriolanus.

2. To ftand as an equivalent.^r fome-
thing ; and particularly ufed of expi-
atory facrifices, with the particle jor
before the thing for which fomethmg
elfe is given.

From a mean ftock the pious Decii came ;
Yet fuch their virtues, that their lofs alone
F^r Rome and all our legions did atone.

Dryden's yuvcnat.
The good intention of a man of weight and
worth, or a real friend, feldom atones for the un-
cafinefs produced by his grave reprefentations.

Locke,
Let thy fublime meridian courfe
For Mary's fetting rays atone ;

Our luftre, with redoubled force,
Muft now proceed from tbce alone. Prior,

Hi*

A T R

ATT

ATT

His virgin fword ^gyfthus' veins imbrued ;
The murd'rer feU, and blood aton'dfor blood.

Pope.

To Ato'ne. 'V. a.

1. To reduce to concord.

If any contention arofe, he knew none fitter to
be their judge, to atont and take up their quarrels,
but himlelf. Drumm.

2. To expiate ; to anfwcr for.

Soon ihouli yon boafters ceafe their haughty
ftrifc,
Or each atone his guilty love with life. Pipe.

Ato'nement. n.f. [horn atone.^

1. Agreement; concord.

He fecks to make at^^nimcnt
Between the duke of Glo'fter and your brother?.

Sbakejpeare,

2. Expiation ; expiatory equivalent : with

Jhr.

And the Levjtes were purified, and Aaron made
an aUjnemem fir them to cleanfe them. Numbers.

Surely it is not a fufficient atonement for the wri-
ters, that they profefs loyalty to the government,
and fprink'e fomc arguments in favour of the dtf-
fenters, and, under the fliclter of popular politicks
and religion, undermine the foundations of all pi-
ety and virtue, Sii:ift.

Ato'p. ad-Tj. [from a and tof.'\ On die
top ; at the top.

Ai<^ whereof, but far more rich, appear'd
The work as of a kingly palace-gate.

ParaiifeLojl.
What is extracted by water from coffee is the
oil, which often fwims atof of the deco^ion.

Arhutbnot ftn Aliment s.

Atrabila'ri AN. adj. [from atra bilis,
black choler.] Melancholy; replete with
black choler.

The atraiilanan conditution, or a black, vif-
cous, pitchy confidence of the fluids, makes all
fecretions difficult and fparing.

Artuthnut on Diet.

Atrabila'rious. adj. [irom atra bilis,
black choler.] Melanctiolick.

The blood, deprived of its due proportion of
ferum, or finer and more volatile paru, is atrabi-
larkui ; whereby it is rendered grofs, black, unc-
tuous, and earthy. Sluincy.

From this black adult Aate of the blood, they
are atrabilarkus. Arhutbnot on Air,

Atrabila'riousness, n.f. [from a/ra-
bilarious .'\ The ftate of being melan-
choly ; repletion with melancholy.

Atrame'ntal. adj. [from atrame»tum,
ink. Lat.] Inky; black.

If we enquire in what part of vitriol this afra-

tner.ta! and denigrating condition lodgetli, it will

feera efpecialiy to lie in the more fixed fait thereof.

Brovjnt Vulgar Errours.

Atr ame'ntou*. adj. [from atramentum,
ink, Lat.] Inky ; black.

I am noc fatiified, that thofs black and atra-
mrni'.ui fpou, which feem to rcprefenC them, arc
ocular. Brav/n.

ATRCCIOUS. a/^'. [a/rcr,Lat.] Wicked
in a high degree ; enormous ; horribly
criminal.

An advocate is Deceifary, and therefore audi-
ence ought not to be denied him in defending
caufes, unlefs it be an atrocioui offence.

Ayliffe^s Parergcn.

Atro'ciously.Wt/. [from atrocious.] In
an atrocious manner ; with great wick-
ednefs.

Atro'ciousness. n.f. [from atrocious.]
The quality of being cnormoufly crimi-
nal.

Atro'city. n. /. [<j/rff<-//<7/, Lat.] Hor-
rible wickednefs ; excefs of wickednefs.

I never rccal it to mind, wNiout a deep afto-
nifhment of the very horrour and atrocity of the
fa^ in a Chrlftlan court. ffotton.

They defired juftice might be done upon of-
fenders, as the atrocity of their crimes deferved.

CLrenJcn.

A'trophy. n.f.[irer><pix.] Wantofnou-
rilhment ; a difeafe in which what is
taken at the mouth cannot contribute to
the fupport of the body.

Pining atrophy,
Marafmus, and wide-wafting peftilence. Milton.
The mouths of the ladteais may be fliut up by
a vifcid mucus, in which cafe the chyle patfeth
by ftool, and the perfon fallcth into an atrophy.

Arbuthnot on Aliments.

To ATTA'CH. -v. a. [attacher, Fr.]

1 . To arrell ; to take or apprehend by
commandment or writ. Coxvel/.

Eftfoons the guards, which on his rtate did wait,
Attach'd that traitor falfe, and bound him ilrait.

Spcnfer.

The Tower was chofcn, that if Clifford ihould

accufc great ones, they might, without ft>fpicion or

Doife, be prefently attacbcd. Bacon's Henry VII,

Bohemia greets you,
Defires you to attach his fon, who has
Hi? dignity and duty both call off. Siakefpeare.

2. Sometimes with the particle of, but not
in prefent ufe.

You, lord archbiihop, and you, lord Mowbray,
0/" capital treafon I attach you both. Shakej'peare.

3. To feize in a judicial manner.

France hath flaw'd the league, and hath at-
tach'd
Our merchants goods at Bourdeaux, Shakefp.

4. To lay hold on, as by power.

I cannot blame thee.
Who am myie\i attach' d with wearinefs.
To th* dulling of my Ipirits. Sbakcjpeare.

5. To win ; to gain over ; to enamour.

Songs, garlands, fl^wVs,
And charming fymphonies, attach'd the heart
Of Adam. Milton's Paradife Lofi.

6. To fix to one's interelL

The great and rich depend on thofe whom
their power or their wealth attaches to them.

Rogers.

Atta'chment. ti./, [attacbetneitt, Fr.]

1 . Adherence ; fidelity.

The Jews are remarkable (or an attachment to
their own country. Addifon.

2. Attention ; regard.

The Romans burnt this laft Heet, which is ano-
ther mark of their fmall attacbnunt to the fea.

Arbuthnot on Coins.

3. An apprehenfion of a man to bring
him to anfwer an aftion ; and fome-
times it extends to his moveables,

4. Foreign attachment, is the attachment of
a foreigner's goods found within a city,
to fatisfy creditors within a city.

To ATTA'CK. -v. a. [attaquer. Fr.]

1 , To affault an enemy : oppofed to de-
feme.

The front, the rear
Attack, while Y vo thunders in the centre. Philip!.
Thofe that attack generally get the viflary,
though with difadvantage of ground.

Cane's Campaigns.

2. To impugn in any manner, as with
fatire, confutation, calumny ; as, the
dcclaimer attacked the reputation of his
aJverfaries.

Atta'ck. n.f. [from the verb.] AnalTault
upon an enemy.

Hc£tor oppofes, and continues the attack; in
which Sirpcdoa mitkes tlie firll breach in the wall.

Pope's Iliad.

If, appris'd of the fevere attack.
The country be (hut up. Thumfon.

I own 'twas wrong, when thouCands call'd me

back.
To make that hopelefs, \\\-iinii attack. Young,

Atta'cker. n.f. [from attack.] The
perfon that attacks.

To ATTA'IN. 'u, a. [atteindre, Fr. attineo,
Lat.]

1. To gain ; to procure ; to obtain.

Is he wife who hopes to attain the end widiout
the means, nay by means that are quite contrary
to it ? nihtfin.

All the nobility here could not attain the fame
favour as Wood did. Sivift.

2. To overtake ; to come up with : a
fenfe now little in ufe.

The earl hoping to have overtaken the Scottldi
king, and to have given him battle, but not at-
taitnng him in time, fst down before the caftle of
A ton. Bacon,

3. To come to ; to enter upon.

Canaan he now attains', I fee his tents
Pitch'd above Sichcm. Milton's Paradife Lofi.

4. To reach ; to equal.

So the firft precedent, if it be good, is feldom
attained by imitation. Bacon.

To Atta'in. 'V. n,

1 . To come to a certain ftate : with to.

Milk Will foon feparate itfelf into a cream,
and a more ferous liquor, which, after twelve
days, attains to the highell degree of acidity.

Arbuthnot on Aliments,

2. To arrive at.

Such knowledge is too wonderful for me ; it ii
high ; I cannot attain unto it. Ffalm cxxxix. 6.

To have knowledge in molt objects of contem-
plation, is what the mind of one man can hardly
attain unto. Locke,

Atta'in. n, /. [from the verb.] The
thing attained ; attainment : a word not
in ufe.

Crowns and diadems, the mod: fplendld ter-
rene attains, are akin to that which to-day it
in the field, and to-morrow is cut down.

Glanville's Scepjis,
Atta'in ABLB". adj. [horn attain.] That
which may be attained ; procurable.

He wilfully neglefts the obtaining unfpeakablc
good, which he Is perfuaded is certain and altain-
able. Tillotfon,

None was propofed that appeared certainly at-
tainable, or of value enough. Rogers,

Atta'in ableness. n.f. [{\om attain-
able.] The quality of being attainable.

Perfons become often enamoured of outward
beauty, without any particular knowledge of its
pofVeflbr, or its attainabknefs by them. Cheyne,

Atta'inder. n.f. [from To attain.'^
I. The aft of attainting in law; convic-
tion of a crime. See To Attaint.

The ends in calling a parliament were chiefly
to have the attainders of all of his party revcrfcd ;
and, on the other fide, to attaint by parliament hi>
enemies. Bacon,

■4. Taint; fully of character.

So fmooth lie daub'd his vicewith (hew of virtue.
He liv'd from all attainder of fufpedl. Shakefp,
Atta'inment. n.f, [from attain.]

1. That which is attained ; acquifition.

We difpute with men that count it' a grcara/-
tair.mcnt to be able to talk much, and little to the
pur[x>fe. Glanville^

Our attainments are mean, compared with the
perfcftlon of the univerfe. Grew,

2. The aft or power of attaining.

The Scripture mud be fufficient to imprint io

us the charafler of all things ncceflary for the

a/wiRffiMr of eternal lifie. • Hooka.

R a Education

ATT

ZdacatSoB in rxtent more large, of time lhorter>
ind uf attmrmmt more certain. Mihtn.

Governmciit is an art above the attammtni ot
an ordinary genius. South*

If the fame actions be the inllruments both ot
acquiring fame and procuring this happinefs, they
would nevertheleft fail in the attammfnt of this
Itft end, if they proceeded from a defire of the
firft. MJifcn,

The great care of God for our falvation muft
appear in the concern he cxprefled for our attain-
ment of it. Rogeri,

To Atta'int. v. a. [attinter, Fr.]

1. To difgrace ; to cloud with ignominy.

His warlike Oiield
Was all of diamonJ perfect pure and clean,
For fa (Exceeding ihone his glidertng ray.
That I'hcrbus goUen face it did attaint.
At when a cloud his beams doth overlay.

Fairy Siuitti.

2. To attaint is particularly ufed for fuch
as are found^uilty of fome crime or
offence, and efpecially of felony or trea-
fon. A man is attainted two ways, by
appearance, or by procefs. Attainder
by appearance is by confellion, battle,
or verdifl. Confellion is double ; one
at the bar before the judges, when the
prifoner, upon his indiiAment read, be-
ing aflced guilty or not guilty, anfwers
Guilty, never putting himfelf upon the
verdift of the jury. The other is be-
fore the coroner or fanftuary, where he,
Dpon his confeflion, was in former times
conllrained to abjure the realm ; which
kind is called attainder by abjuration.
Attainder by battle is, when the party
appealed, and choofing to try the truth
by combat rather than by jury, is van-
quiftied. Attainder by verdift is, when
the prifoner at the bar, anfwering to
the indidment Nut guilty, hath an in-
queft of life and death palling upon him,
and is by the verdiil pronounced guil-
ty. Attainder -by procefs is, where a
party flies, and is not found till five
times called publickly in the county,
and at kit outlawed upon his default.

Coivell.

Were it not an endlefs trouble, that no traitor
or felon Ihould be attainted, but a parliament mull
be called ? Sfer.fr.

I muft offend before I be attaintij. Sbaktjfcare.

3. To taint ; to corrupt.

My tender youth was never yet attaint
With any palfion of inflaming love. Sbairfprare.

Atta'int. n./. [from the verb.]
I. Any thing injurious ; as illnefs, wcari-
nefs. This fente is now obfoiete.

Nor doth he dedicate one jot of colour
Vnto the weary and all-watched night j
But freflily looks, and overbears attaint
With cheerful feniblance. Sbakcfp, SenryV.

a. Stain ; fpot ; taint.

No man hath a virtue that he has not a glimpfc
of; nor any man an attaint, but he carries I'ome
ftain of it. Sbak/fpeare.

3, [Inhorfemanfhip.] A blow or wound on
the hinder feet of an horfe. Far. DiSt.

.Atta'inturi. a./, \ixom attaint. '\ Le-
gal cenfure ; reproach ; imputation.

Hume's knavery will be the duciicfs's wreck,
And hcrafraJB/Brr will be Humphry's fall. Sb^k.

To Atta'minate. o/.a. [attamiae, Ldit.]
.^To corrupt; o fpojl.

ATT

J** Atte'mper. v. a. [attmpero, Lat.]

1 . To mingle ; to weaken by the mixture
of fomething elfe ; to dilute.

Nobility altemfert fovereignty, and draws the
eyes of the people fomewhat alide from tlie line
royal. Bacca.

Altemfer'd funs arifc,
Sweet-bcam'd, and ftiedding oft thro' lucid clouds
A pleafing caltri'. Tbmfen.

2. To foften ; to mollify.

His early providence could likewife have attm-
^(«^ his nature therein. Baccn.

Thofe fmiling eyes, attemf'rirfr ev'ry ray,
Shone fweetly lambent with ccleftial day. Pcfe.

3. To mix in juft proportions ; to regu-
late.

She to her guefts doth bounteous banquet dlght,
Aitcmptrd, goodly, well for health and for delight.

Spenfer.

4. To fit to fomething elfe.

Phemius ! let arts of gods and heroes old,
Aitmper'd to the lyre, your voice employ. Pe^f.
To Attb'mpeRate. tj. a. [attempero,
Lat.] To proportion to fomething.

Hope muft be proportioned and atlemperate to
the promife ; if it exceed that temper and propor-
tion, it becomes a tumour and tympany of hope.
Hamir.ond'i Prali. Catecii/m.
ToAtte'mpt. 'V. a. [attenter, Fv.]

1 . To attack ; to invade ; to venture upon.

He flitt'ring his difpleafure,
Tript me behind, got praifes of the king
For him attempting, who was felf-fubdu'd." Shak.

Who, in all things wife and juft,
Hinder'd not Satan to attempt the mind
Of man, with ftrength entire and free-will arm'd.

Milton,

2. To try ; to endeavour.

I have neverthelefs attempted to fend unto you,
for the renewing of brotherhood and friendfliip.

I Mac. xii. 17.

To Atte'mpt. 'V. n. To make an attack.

I have been fo hardy to attempt uptn a name,
which among fome is yet very facred. Clan. Step.

Horace his monfter with woman's head above,
and filhy extreme below, anfwers the (hapc of the
ancient Syrens that attempted upon Ulylles.

\ Breiwn't Vulgar Ernun.

Atte'mpt. n.f. [from the verb,]

1. An attack.

If we be always prepared to receive an enemy,
we Ihall long live in peace and quietnci's, without
any attempts uj^on us. Bacon.

2. An eflay ; an endeavour.

Alack ! I am afraid they have awak'd.

And 'tis not done ; th' attempt, and not the deed,

Confounds us. Shakejpeare's Macbetb.

He would have cry'd; but hoping that he

dreamt,

Amazement tied his tongue, and ftoppjrfth' attempt,

Dryden,

I fubjoin the following fl/rcm^f towards a natural

hlftory of foilils. Id'ocdward m Tojjih.

Atte'mptadle. adj. [from attempt,"]

Liable to attempts or attacks.

The gentleman \ouching his to be more fair,
virtuous, wife, and lefs attemptaHe, than the rareft
of our ladies. Shakefpeare.

Atte'mpter. n.f. [from attempt.']

1 . The perfon that attempts ; an invader.

The Sun of God, with godlike farte endu'd
Agalnft th'affwj^ftr of thy Father's throne. Mill.

2. An endeavourer.
You are no failors for glory or treafore, but

diCnterefted attemptert for the univerfal good.

Glanville's Seep/is.
To ATTE'ND. -v. a. [attenJre, Fr. atte^o,

Lat.]
I. To regard ; to fix the mind upon.

The diligent pilot, in a dangerous tcmpcft, doth
not attend the uulkilful words of a pulTuiger.

Sidney.

ATT

The crow doth fmg as fweetly as the ftorlct

When neither is attended, Stattfpeart,

2. To wait on ; to accompany as an infe-
riour, or a fcrvant.

His companion, youthful Valentine,
Attend: the emperoor in his royal court. Sbakejp,

3. To accompany as an enemy.

He was at prefent ftrong enough to have Aopped
or attended Waller in bit weftetn expedition.

Clarendon*

4. To be prefent with, upon a fummons.

5. To accompany ; to be appendant to.

England ii fo idly king'd,
Her fceptre fo fantafticaily borne.
That fear attends her not. Shakefpeare,

My pray'rs and wilhes always (hall attend
The friends of Rome. Addifin's Cats,

~ A vehement, burning, fixed, pungent pain in the
ftomach, attended with a ffver. Arbutb. on P:et,

6. To expeft. This fenfe is French.

So dreadful a tempeft, as all the people attended
therejn the very end of the world, and judgm--nt
day. Raleigh's Uijisry,,

7. To wait on, as on a charge.

The fifth had charge lick perlons to attend,
And comfort thofe in point of death which lay.

Spenfer,

8. To be confequent to.

The Duke made that unfortunate defcent upon
Rhee, which was afterwards attended with many
unprofperous attempts. Clarendon,

9. 'To remain to ; to await ; to be in florc
for.

To him, who hath a profpe£l of the ftate that
attends all men after this, the meafures of good
and evil are changed. Locke,

10. To wait for infidioufly.

Thy interpreter, full of defpight, bloody as the
hunter, titlends tliee at the orchard end.

Sbakefp. Tiuelfih Night.

11. To be bent upon any object.

Their hunger thus appeas'd, their care attends
The doubtful fortune of their abfent friends.

Dryden,

12. To ftay for.

1 died whilft in the womb he (laid.
Attending nature's law. Sbatefp, Cymbertne,

I haften to our own ; nor will relare
Great Mitbridates' and rich Crafus' fate;
Whom Solon wifely counfell'd to attend
The name of happy, till he,know his end. Creech.

Three days 1 promis'd to attend my doom,
And two long days and nights arc yet to come.

Dryden,
To AtTe'nd. v. n,

1 . To yield attention.

Bur, thy relation now ! for I attend,
Pledo'd witli thy words. Milton.

Since man cannot at the fame time attend to two

objefts, if you employ your fpirit upon a bonk or

a bodily labour,jou have no room left for fenfual

- temptation. Taylor,

2. To ftay ; to delay.

Thi« fwlt true caufe, and laft good end,
She cannot here fo well and truly fee;

For this perfeilion (he muft yet attend.
Till to her Maker (he efpoufed be. Davies,.

Plant anemonies after the firft rains, if you
will have flowers very forward j but it is furer to
attend till 0«3ober. Evelyn.

3 . To wait ; to be within reach or call.

The chai-gc thereof unto a covetous fnrite
Commanded was, who thereby did attend
And warily awaited. Faiiy Siueent

4. To wait, as compelled by authority.

If any mjniftcr rcfufed to admit a ledturcr re-
commended by him, he was required to attend
upon the committee , and not difcbarged ti I the
houfes met again. Clarendon*

Atte'ndance. n.f, [attendance, ¥1,]
I . The ad of waiting on another ; or of
ferving.

Ldajtctt

ATT

ATT

ATT

I dance attencleiiee here,
I think the duke will not be Ipoke uithal. Zhak.

For he, of whom thefe things are fpoken, per-
tainetb to another tribe, of which no man gave
«r((n^<iffr; at the altar. /fri^. vii. 13.

The other, after many years attndance upon
the duke, was now one of the bedchamber to the
prince. ClarendonM

2. Service.

Why might not you, my lord, receive attendance
From thofe that flie calls fervants ?'

SbaUJptare i King Liar.

3 . The perfons waiting ; a train.

Attendance none Ihall need, nor train j where none
Are to behold the judgment, but the judg'd,
Thofe two. M'lUcm'i Paradije Lcji.

4. Attention ; regard.

Give attendance to reading, to exhortation, to
doftrine. i Tim, iv. 15.

5. Expeftation : a fenfe now out of ufe.

That which caul'eth bitteraefs in death, is the
languifliing allindanct and cxpeflatioc thereof ere
it come. Hc~ker.

Atte'kdant. aJj. [attendant, Fr.] Ac-
companying as fubordinate, or confe-
quential.

Other funs, perhaps.
With their attendant moons, thou wilt dcfcry.
Communicating male and female light. Far.LcJi,

Atte'ndant. n.f.

1. One that attends.

1 will be returned forthwith ; difmifs your at-
tendant there; look it be done. Shakeff. Othelln.

2. One that belongs to the train.

When feme gracious monarch dies.
Soft whifpers ktA and mournfut murmurs rife
Among the fad attendants* Dryden,

3. One that waits the pleafure of another,
as a fuitor or agent.

1 endeavour that my reader may not wait long
for my meaning : to give an attendant quick dif-
patch is a civility. Bumet'i Tttory.

4. One that is prefent at any thing.

He was a conftant attendant a: all meetings re-
lating to charity, without contr. bating. Hivift,

5. [In law.] One that oweth a duty or
fervice to another ; or, after a fort, de-
pendeth upon another. Ccivell.

6. That which is united with another, as
a concomitant or confequent.

Govern ^eil thy appetite, lell fm
Surprize thee, and her black attendant, death.

Miltm,

They fecure (hemfelves firft from doing no-
thing, and then from doing ill ; the one being
fo clofe an attendant on the other, tint it is fcarce
po/Tiblc to ic\er them. Decay of Piety,

He had an unlimited fenfe of fame, the attmd-
antof nohie fpirits, which prompted him to engage
in travels. Pofe.

It is hard to take into view all the atterJantt or
coafequents that will be concerned in a quedion.

Atte'nder. rt./. [from atte/ti/.] Com-
panion ; aflbciate.

The gypfics were there,
Like lords to appear.
With fuch their aiienderi
As you thought ofiendcrs. Ben yonfcn.

Atti'nt. ae/j. [atlentus, L?it.] Intent;
attentive ; heedful ; regardful.

Now mire eyes Ihall be open, and mine ears
tttint unto the prayer that it made in this place.
7. Chron. vii. 15.
What can then be lefs in me than defirc
To fee thee, and approach thee, whom 1 know
Declar'd the Son ol Cod, to hear atienl
thy wildom, and behold thy goulike deeds ' Milt.
Read jour chapter in your prayers : little inter-
uptions Will iT.ake your prayers lefs tedious, and
jouifel/ more atlinl upon them.

TayUr'i Guide a Devition.

Being denied communication by their ear, t'leir

eyes are more vigilant, atteni, and heedful, fielder.

To want of judging abilities, we may add their

want' (jf leifure to apply their minds to fuch a

ferious and ottent con^deration. Scuth.

A'ttentates. ». /. [etttenlata, Lat.]
Proceedings in a court of judicature,
pending fuit, and after an inhibition is
decreed and gone out ; thofe things
which are done after an extrajudicial
appeal, may likewife be iUled attetitates.

Ayliffe.

Atte'ntion. n.f. [attention, Fr.] The
aft of attending or heeding ; the aft of
bending the mind upon any thing.

Tliey fay the tont,-ucs of dying men
Inforce attenticn like deep harmony. Skahef^eare.

He perceived nothing but filence, and figns of
attentii^n to what he would further fay. Baci,n.

But him the gentle angel by the hand
Soon rais'd, and his aitintian thus recall'd. Miltcn.

By attenticn, the ideas that offer themfelves are
taken notice of, and, as it were, regiftered in the
memory. Locke.

Attention U a very necelTary thing ; truth doth
not always ilrike the foul at firfl fight. lVatt<.

Atte'ntive. etdj. [(torn attent.'] Heed-
ful ; regardful ; full of attention.

Being moved with thefe, and the like your ef-
fcftual difcourfes, whereunto we gave rooA attent-
ive car, till they entered even unto our fouls.

Hooker.

I'm never merry when I hear fweet mufick.
•—The reafon is, your fpirits are attentive.

Shaie/feare't Merchant of Venice.

1 faw moft of them attentive to three Sirens, dif-
tiguirtied by the names of Sloih, Ignorance, and
Pleafure. _ Tatler.

A critick is a man who, on all occafions, is
more attcnti-ve to what is wanting than what is
prefent. Mdifin.

Mufick's force can tame the furious bead j
Can make the wolf or foaming boar rcJlrain
His rage; the lion drop his ciciied main,
Attentive to the fong. Prior.

Atte'ntively. ae/'v. [from attenti've.]
Heedfully j carefully.

If a man look Iharply and attent'wely, he /hall
fee Fortune ;" for thoujih <bs be blind, flie is not
invifible. Baccn.

The caufe of cold is a quick fpirit in a cold
body 5 as will appear to any that fliall attentively
confider nature. Bacon.

Atte'ktiveness. n./. [from attenti've.]
The ftate of being attentive j heedful-
nefs ; attention.

At the relation of the queen's death, bravely
conftfTed and lamented by tiie king, how atten-
livtnefs wounded his daughter. Sbak. fyin. Tale.
Atte'nijant. adj. [atlenuans, Lat.]
What has the power of making thin,
or diluting.
To ATTE'NUATE. -v. a. [attenuo, Lat.]
To make thin, or flender : oppofed to
condenje, or incrajfate, or thicken.

The finer part belonging to the juice of grapes,
being attenuated and fubtilized, was changed into
an ardent fpirit. Boyle,

Vinegar curd, put upon an egg, not only dif-
folves the Ihell, but alfo attenuates the white con-
tained in It into a limpid water. fVijtman's Surg.
It is of the nature of acids to diflolve or at-
tenuate, and of alltalin to precipitate or incralTate.
Nttoton's Of ticks.
The ingredients are digelled and attenuated by
heat; they are ftirred and conftantly agitated by
wind'. Arbuihnot.

Atte'nuate. adj. [from the verb.]
Made thin, or flender.

Vivification ever confiftcth in fpirits attenuate,
which the cold doth congeal and Coagulate, Batcn,

Attenu'ation. n, f. [{torn attenuate,]
The aft of making any thing thjn or
flender ; lefliening.

Chiming with a hammer upon the outfide of a
bell, the found will be according to the inward
concave of the bell ; whereas the elifion or alte-
nuaticn of the air, can be only between the ham-
mer and the outfide of the bell. Baccn,

A'tter. n.f. [atep. Sax. venom.] Cor-
rupt matter. A word much ufed im
Lincolnfliire. Skinner.

To At te'st. -v. a. [at tefior, Lat.]

1. To bear witnefs of; to witnefs.

Many particular fads are recorded in holy writ,
atte/Ied by particular pagan autliors. Addifon,

2. To call to witnefs; to invoke as con-,
fcious.

The facrcd ftreams, which heav'n's imperial
ftate
Atlrfls in oaths, and fears to violate. Dryden.

Atte'st. »./. [from the verb.] Witnefs;
teftiraony ; atteftation.

The atteji of eyes and ears. Sbakcfpcare,-

With the voice divine
Nigh thunderftruck, th' exalted man, to whom
Such high atteji was giv'n, a while furvey'd
With wonder. ~ Paradije Regained.

Attesta'tion. »./. [from atteji .] Tef-
tiniony ; witnefs ; evidence.

There remains a fecond kind of peremptori-
ncfs, c!f thofe who can make no relation without:
an attejiation of its certainty. Gcv. of the Tcngue..

The next coal-pit, mine, quarry, or chalk-pit,
will give attejiation to what I write ; thefe aie fo-
obvious that I need not feck for a compurgator.

Wood-ward' s Natural H'Jfory^

We may derive a probability from the attejia-
tion of wife and honeft men by word or writing, Oj-
the concurring witnefs of multitudes who havg
ken and known what they relate, Pi-'atts,

To Atti'nge. f. a. [attingo, Lat.] To>
touch lightly or gently. DiSf.

To ATTl'RE. -v. a. [attircr, Fr.] To
drefs ; to habit ; to array.

Let it llkcwife your gentle breaft infpire
With fwcct infufion, and put you in mind.

Of thatproud maid, whom now thofc leaves attire.
Proud Daphne. " Spcvjer^

My Nan (hall be the queen of all the fairies j.
Finely attired in a robe of white.

Shakcjpeare' s Merry Wives ofWindfor..
With the linen mitre ihall he be attired..

Lev. xvi. 4,
Now the fappy boughs
Attire themfelves with blooms. Philips.

Atti're. n.f. [from the verb.]
I. Clothes; drefs; habit.

It is no more dilgiace to Scripture to have left
things free to be ordered by the church, than for
Nature to have left it to the wit of man to devife
his own allire. Hooker.

After that the Roman attire grtw to be in ac-
count, and the gown to be in ufe among them.

Davies on Ireland.
Thy fumptuous buildings, and thy wife's attire.
Hath colt a maf< of publick treafury.

Shakejpcare's HenryVl.p.W.
And in this coarfe attire, which I now wear.
With God and with the Mufcs 1 confer. Donne..

When lavifli nature, with her bcft attire.
Clothes thegay fpring, the fcafon of defiie. Waller.

I pafs their torm, and ev'ry charming grace.
But their attire, like liveries of a kind,
All rich and rare, is frclh within my mind. Drydi,

2. [In hunting.] The horns of a buck or
flag.

3. [In botany.] The flower of a plant is
divided into three parts, the empale-
ment, the foliation, and the eittire,
which is either florid or fcmiform,

Fhriit

ATT

flariJ ati'iri, called thrums or fuits, »s
in the flowers of marigold and tanfey,
confifts fometimcs of two, but commonly
cjf three parts. The outer part is the
floret, the body of which is divided at
the top, like the cowflip flower, into
iive diilinft parts. Stmiform attire con-
fifts of two parts, the chives and apices;
one upon each attire. DiB.

Atti'klh. n./. [from atfire.1 One that
'^.'ires afiother ; a drefler. Di(S.

A'ttitupe. »./ [attitude, Fr. from fl//o,
Jtal.] 'I'he pofture or aflion in which
a ftatue or painted figure is placed.

Bernini would have tal^cn his opinion upon the
beiuty and aliiiuJe of a figure. Pricr's Dtdicatnn.

They were famou!i originals thac gave rife to
Ratucs, with the fame air, poflure, and altitudes.

Milijon.

Atto'llent. adj. [attolletis, Lat,] That
which raifes or lifts up,

J <hall farther take notice of the exquifite libra-
tlon of the alulUnt and dcprimcnt mufcies.

Dertam's FhyJico-TLtil'-gy-

ATio'RNEy. n. /. [attornatus, low Lat.
from teur, Fr. Celui qui 'vient a tour d'au-
trui ; qui alterius I'ices fubit ."^

1. Such a perfon as by confent, command-
ment, or requeft, takes heed, fees, and
takes upon him the charge of other
men's bufinefs, in their abfence. At-
torney is either general or fpecial: At-
torney general is he that by general au-
thority is appointed to all our affairs or
luits ; as t\it attorney general o( ihc]fL\ng,
which is nearly the fame with Procura-
tor Ctrfaris in the Roman empire. At-
torneys general are made either by the
king's letters patent, or by our ap-
pointment before juftices in eyre, in
open court. Attorney fpecial or particu-
lar, is he that is employed in one or
more caufes particularly fpecified. There
are alfo, in refpeft of the divers courts,
attorneys at large, and attorneys fpecial,
belonging to this or that court only.

Covi<ell.

jitttrntys in common law, are nearly the fame
with proaors in the civil law, and lolicitors in
courts of equity. Attorneji fue out writs or pro-
cefs, or commence, carry on, and defend adVions,
or other proceedings, in the names of other pcr-
fons, in the courts of common llW. None are
admitted to a£l without having fervcd a clerkfhip
for five years, taking the proper oath, being en-
rolled, and examined by the judges. The attor-
ney general pleads within the bar. To him come
warrants for making out patents, pardons, &r.
and he is the principal manager V all law aftairs
of the crown. Ciamieru

I am a fubjeA,
And challenge law ; atlarncyi are deny'd me,
And therefore perfonally I lay my claim
To mine inheritance. Sbakejpejre.

The king's attorney, on the contrary,
Urg'd on examinations, proofs, confeffions.

Shakefptare.

Defyairing quacks with curfcs fled the place,
And vile attorneys, now an ufelcfs race. Pope.

2. It was anciently ufed for thofe who did
any bufmefs for another ; now only in
law.

I will attend my huiband ; it is my office j
And will have no attorney but myfelf ;
And therefore let me have him home. Shakefp.

y'e Atto'rney. v. a. [from the noun;
the verb is now not ia ufe.]

ATT

1. To perform by proxy.

Their encounters, though not perConil, have
been royally atiorniej with interchange of giVts.

Stateffeare.

2. To employ as a proxy.

As I was then
Adrertifing, and holy to your bilfinrls,
Nor changing heart with habit, 1 am ftill
Atttrnicd to your fervicc. Sbakefpeare.

Atto'rnbvship. n. f. [from attorney.'\
The office of an attorney ; proxy ; "vi-
carious agency.

But marriage is a matter of more worth,
Than to be dealt in by atfjrtieyp'tp, Sbakefpeare.

At TV)' u R N M E N T . n,f. [attournement, Fr.]
A yielding of the tenant to a new lord,
or acknowledgment of him to be his
lord ; for, otherwifc, he that buyeth or
obtaineth any lands or tenements of
another, which are in the occupation of
a third, cannot get poflfeflion. Co-xvell.

To ATTRA'CT. 'v. a. [attraho, attraOum,
Lat.]

1. To draw to fomething.

A man fliould Icarce p«rfuade the affeftions
of the loadllone, or that jet and amber atiralletb
ftraws and light bodies. Brown's Vulgar Errours.

The fingle atoms each to other tend,
AttraB, atlraBed to, the next in place
Form'd and impell'd its neighbour to embrace.

Pope.

2. To allure ; to invite.

Adorn'd
She was indeed, and lovely, to attrad
Thy love ; not thy fubjedlion. Milton.

Siiew the care of approving all afticins fo as
may moft effeaually attract all to this profellion.

Hammond.

Dei;;n to be lov'd, and ev'ry heart fubdue I

What nymph could e'er attract fuch crowds as

jou ? Pope.

Attra'ct. »./. [from To attraa.] At-

tradjon ; the power of drawing : not in

ufe.

feel darts and charms, attrafls and flames.
And woo and contract in their names. Hudibras.
At t r a'c t I c a i..adj. [from attra^.] Hav-
ing the power to draw to it.

Some ftones arc endued with an eleftrical or
attraHical virtue. Ray on the Creation.

Attra'ction. «./ [from attraa.'\

1. The power of drawing uny thing.

The drawing of amber and jet, and other clec-
trick bodies, and the attratlion in gold of the
fpirit of quickfilver at diftaiice ; and the attralfion
of heat at diilance ; and that of fiie to naphtha ;
and that of fome herbs to water, though at dif-
tance j and divers others, we (hall handle. Bactn.

Loadftones and touched needles,* laTd long in
quickfilver, have not amitted their aitradion.

Brown's Vulgar Errours.

jlitraBion may be performed by impulfc, or fome
other means ; 1 ule that word, to fignify any force
by which bodies tend towards one another.

Niivtons Opticks.

2, The power of alluring or enticing.

Setting the attraBion of my good parts afide, I
have no other charm*. Sbakefpeare.

AttRa'ctive. adj. [ftom attrad.'\
I. Having the power to draw any thing.

What if the fun
Be centre to the world ; and other liars,
liy his attra^i-ve virtue, and their own.
Incited, dance about him various rounds ? Milton.

Some, the round earth's cohefion to fccure.
For that hard talk employ magnetick power j
Remark, fay they, the globe with wonder own
Its nature, like the fam'd attraliive ftone.

Blacktncre.

Bodiet »€t by the attradions of gravity, mag-
neiifm> and eleclticity j and thefe inlUnccs make

A t T

!c not Improbable but there may be more altrtffive
powers than thefe. t/eviltin,

2. Inviting; alluring; enticing.

Happy is Hcrmia, wherefoc'er (he lies;
For flie hath bielfed and attraflive eyes. Sbalefp,

1 pleas'd, and with attraBive graces won.
The mod avcrfe, thee chiefly. Mi'iton,

Attra'ctive, n.f. [from attraS.] That
which draws or incites ; allurement :
except that atlra<3i've is of a good or
indifferent fenfe, and allurement gene-
rally bad.

The condition of a fervant (laves h'm oft' to a
diftance ; but the gofpcl fpeaks nothing but at-
traBives and invitation. South.

At t r a'c t I ve ly. ad-v. [frdm attraSi've.]
With the power of attrafling or draw-
ing. ^

Attra'ctiveness. »./[from attra3i've.'\
The quality of being attradive.

Attra'ctor. n.f. [from at trail. 1 The
agent that attrads ; a drawer.

If the draws be in oil, amber draweth them
not ; oil makes the ftraws to adhere fo, that they
cannot rife unto the attraBor. Brown's Vulg. Err.

A'ttrahent. «. f. [attrahens, Lat.]
That which draws.

Our eyes will inform us of the motion of the
fteel to its attrabent. Clanville's Scepfls*

Attrecta'tion.»./ [attre^atio, Lat. ]
Frequent handling. Dia.

Attri'b-utable. adj. [attriiuo, Lat.-]
That which may be afcribed or attri-
buted; afcribable; imputable.

Much of the origination of the Americans feems
to be attributable to the migrations of the Seres.

Hale.

To ATTRI'BUTE. 'v. a. [attrihto, Lat.]

1. To afcribe ; to give ; to yield as due.

To their very bare judgment fomewhat a rea-
fonable man would attribute, not^vithllanding the
common imbecillities which are incident unto our
nature. Hooker.

We attribute nothing to God that hath any re-
pugnancy or contradiSion in it. Power and wif-
dom have no repugnancy in them. Tillotfen,

2. To impute, as to a caafe.

I have obferved a campania determine contrary
to appearances, by tlic caution and conduft of a
general, which were attributed Co his infirmities.

Temple.
The imperfeflion of telefcopei is attributed to
fpherical gla(rcs; and mathemiticians have pro-
pounded to figure them by the conical fc£tions.

Newton's Opticks.
A'ttribute. n.f. [horaTo attribute.'\

1. The thing attributed to another, as
perfedion to the Supreme Being.

Power, light, "virtue, wifdom, and goodnefs,
being all but attributes of one fimpic elTence, and
of one God, wc in all admire, and in part difcern.

Raleigb.
Your vain poets after did mi (lake.
Who ev'ry attribute a god did make. Dryden.

All the perfections of God are called his at-
tributes i for he cannot be without them.

fVatts's Logick.

2. Quality ; charaderiftic difpofition.

They muft have tliefe three attributes ; they muft
be men of courage, fearing Cod, and hating co-
ve tournefs. Bacon.

3. A thing belonging to another ; an ap-
pendant ; adherent.

His fceptic (hews the force of temporal pow'r.
The attribute to awe and majcfty :
But mercy is above this fcepter'd fway.
It is an attribute to God himfelf.' Sbakefpeare.

The fculptor, to didinguKh him, gave him
what the medalifts call his proper attributes, a
fpcar and a ibield. Addifon.

4. Kepu-

A V A

4. Reputation ; honoar.

It takes
From our achievements, tho* perfiwmM at height,
The pith and marrow of our attriSaft, Shakffp.
Attribu'tion. ».y. [fiomTo altriiute.]
Commendation ; qualities afcribed.

If fpeaitir.g truth,
In this fine age, were not ttought flattery.
Such attrihuihn Ihould the Douglafs have,
As not a foldier of this feafon's (lamp
Should go fo general current through the world.

Shakeffttare.

We fuflfcr him to perfuade us we are as gods,

and never fufpcft thele %\ox\om attribuu^m may be

no more than flattery. Dicay ofPitty.

Attri'te. aJj. [attrittts, Lat.] Ground;

worn by rubbing.

Or, by coUifion of two bodies, grind
The air atirhe to fire. MHicn.

Attri'teness. «r./. [horn attrite.] The

being much worn.
Attri'tio.v. ft./. [a//r/h'o, Lat.]

1 . The aft of wearing things, by rubbing
one againft another.

This vapour, afcending inceflantly out of the
abyfs, and pervading the ftrata of gravel, and the
reft, decays the bones and vegetables lodged in
thoie ftrata j this fluid, by its continual attrithrty
fretting the faid bodies. Woodivard.

The change of the aliment is eft'cfted by aitri-
licn of the inward ftomach, and diflblvent liquor
afllfted with heat. jlriuitml.

2. The ftate of being worn.

3. [With divines.] Grief for fin, ariffng
only from the fear of punilhment ; the
loweft degree of repentance.

To Attu'ne. t;. a. [from tune."] .

1. To make any thing mufical.

Airs, vernal airs,
. Breathing the fmcll of field aod grove, attune
The trembling leaves. Mlhcr,

2. To tune one thing to another ; as, he
attunes his voice to his harp.

Attu'rney. »./. See Attorney.
Atwe'hn. ad-v.ot prep. [SeeBETWEEN .]

Betwixt; between; in the midft of two

things : obfolete.

Her loofe long yellow locks, like golden wire.
Sprinkled with pearl, and purling flowers atv^teit.
Do, like a golden mantle, her attire. Sf^erfer.

Atwi'xt. prep. [See Betwixt.] In the
middle of two things : obfolete.

But with outrageous ftrokes did him rcftrain,
And with his body barr'd the way ativixt them
twain. Fairy S^ttn.

To AVA'IL. V. a. [from valoir, Fr. ; to
avail being nearly the fame thing with
faire 'valoir.'\

1. To profit; to turn to profit: with of
before the thing ufed.

Then (hail theyfcek t'fliwVthcmfclvesfl^names,
Places, and titles ; and with thefe to join
Secular pow'r. Afi/tcn.

Both of them awa;/ themfrlve » o/'tholi licences,
which Apollo basequilly beftowed on them. Dryd.

2. To promote; to profper ; to aflilt.

Mean time he voyag'd to explore the will
Of Jove, on high Dodona's holy hill.
What means might beft his fafe return avail, Pofr.

yo Ava'il. nj.iu Tobeofufe; to be of
advantage.

Nor can my ftrength (twai/, unlef>{)y thee
Endu'd with f Jrce, I gain the viflory. Drydtn,

When real merit is wanting, it availt nothing
to have been encouraged by the great,

Pcpe'i Prcfartto hit tVortt.

Ava'il. n.f. [from To a'yail.'\ Profit;
advantage; benefit.

A V A

For all that elfe did come were fure to fail ;
Yet would he further none but for avail, Speujtr.

1 charge thee.
As beav'n (hall work in me for thine a^'aii.
To tell me truly. Sha'mjfcarc.

Truth, light upon this way, is of no more a^'a,-/
to us than errour. Lech.

Ava'ilable. aiij. [from a'vai/.'\

1 . Profitable ; advantageous.

Mighty is the efficacy of fuch interceflions to
avert judgments j how much more available then
may they be to fecure the continuance of bleilings .'

Atterbury.

All things fubjeft to aOion the will does lo
far incline unto, as reaion judges them more acai/-
abU to our blil's. Hooker,

2. Powerful ; in force ; valid.

Laws human are available by confent, Hcoker,

Drake put one of his men to death, having no

authority nor commiflion available, Raleigh.

Ava'ilableness. n,/. [from a'vailaiJe.J

1 . Power of promoting the end for which
it is ufed.

Wc difter from that fuppofition of the eflficacy,
or availablsnefif or fuitablenefs, of thefe to the end.

Hale.

2, Legal force ; validity.
Ava'ilably. aJv. [from availai/e.'\

J. Powerfully; profitably; advantageoufly.

2. Legally ; validly.

Ava'ilment. a./, [from ci/fli/.] Ufeful-

nefs ; advantage ; profit.
To Ava'le. I'.a. [aa;a/<f>-, to let fmk, Fr.]

To let fall ; to deprefs ; to make abjeft ;

to fmk : a word out of ufe.

By that th' exalted Phcrbus 'gan a-vale
His weary wain, and now the frofty night

Her mantle black thro' beav'n 'gan ovcrhalc.

apenfer*

He did abafe and avale the fovereignty into
more fervitude towards that fee, than had been
among us. f/^otlm.

To Ava'le. v, n. To fink.

But when his -latter ebb 'gins to avale.
Huge heaps of mud he have*. Spctifir,

Ava'nt. The front of an army. See

Van.
Ava'nt-ouard. n.f, [wva/iigan/t, Fr,]

The van ; the firft body of an army.

Thc'horfcmcn might ilTue forth without diftur-

bance of the foot, and the avant-guard without

fljjKllng with thcbattail or arriere. Haytvard.

A'VARICE. n,/. [avarice, Fr. a^uaritia,

Lat.] Covetoufnefs ; infatiable defire.

There giows
In my mod ill-compos'd afl'c^ion, fuch
A ftanchlefs avariie, that, wcte 1 king,
I Ihuuld cut off the nobles for their lands. Shakeff,

This avarice of praife in times to come,
Thofc long infcriptions crowded on the tomb.

Drydtn.

Nor love his peajoe of mind deflroys,
Nor wicked ai/aricf of wealth. Dryden.

Avarice is infatiable ; and fo he went ftiU pufli-
ing on for mure. L'EJirange,

Be niggards of advice on no pretence.
For tlie worft avarice is that of fenfe. Pope,

Avari'cious. aijy. [a'varicieitx, Fr."] Co-
vetous ; infatiably defirous.

Luxurious, avaricioui, faife, deceitful.

Hbakeff, Macbeth.
This fpcech has been condemned as avarieiout j
and Euftathiua judges it to be Ipolcen artfully.

Brcon'c en the OdyJJiy.
AvARi'ciouSLY. Wi;. [from avaricious.]

Covetoufly.
Avari'ciousness, n. /. [from avari-
cioui.] The quality of being avari-
cious.
Ava'st. adv, [from iajla, Ital. it is

A U D

enough.] Enough ; ceafe. A word ufed
among feamen.
Ava'unt. i)tterje3. [avant, Fr.] A word
of abhorrence, by which any one is
driven away.

O, he is bold, and hlu(hcs not at death ;
Avauiit, thou hateful villain, get thee gone 1

itbakefpeare.
After this procels
To give her the avaunt ! it is a pity
Would move a monfter. Sbakcjp, Henry VIII.
MiJlrefs ! dilmifs that rabble from your throne.
Avaunt ! — is Aiiftavchus yet unknow n ? Dunciad,
A'u B u R N E. adj. [from aubour, bark, Fr.]
Brown ; of a tan colour.

Her hair is auburnCj mine is perfeft yellow.

Shakeffeare.

His auburne locks on either (houlder flow'd.
Which ^tnefun'ral of his friend he vow'd. Dryd,

Lo, ho>v the arable with barley grain
Stands thick, o'erlhadow'd ; thefe, as modern ufe
Ordjins, infus'd, an auburne drink compofe,
Wholefome, of deathlefs fame. Fhilipi,

A'UCTION. «./. [audio, Lat.]

1. A manner of fale, in wluchone perfon
bids after another, till fo much is bid as
the feller is content to take.

2. The things fold by auftion.

A(k you why I'hrine the whole auBion buys i'
Phrine forefces a general cxcife. Ptpe,

Tff A'ucTioN. v.a. [irora. auSion.] To
fell by auftion.

A'ucTiONARY. adj. [from auRion.] Be-
longing to an auftion.

And much more honeft to be hir'd, and ftand
With euEtionary hammer in thy hand.
Provoking to give more, and knocking thrice
For the old houfehold ftulF, or picture's price.

Dryderii 'Juvenal,

Auctioni'er. ». / [irovcv auBion.] The

perfon that manages an auiSion.
A'uctive. adj. [from audus, Lat.] Of
an increafing quality. DiB,

Aucupa'tion. «. f. [aucufatio, Lat.]

Fowling ; bird-catching.
AUDA'CIOUS. adj. [atidacieux, Fr. au-
dax, Lat.] Bold ; impudent; daring:
always in a bad fenfe.

Such is thy audacious wickednefs.
Thy lewd, peliirrous, and diflentious pranks.

Sbakefpeare*
Till Jo\^, no longer patient, took his time
T' avenge with thunder tbeit audacious crime.

Dryden,

Young ftudents, by « conftant habit of difput-

ing, grow impudent and audacious, proud and dif-

dainful. fVatts,

Auda'ciouslv. adv. [irom audacious .]

Boldly ; impudently.

An angel (halt thou fee,
Vet fear not thou, but fpeak audacioujly, Shakefp,

Auda'ciousnesj. »,/, [ixom audacious.]
Impudence.

Auda'city. n. f, (from audax, Lat.]
Spirit; boldnefs ; confider^e.

Lean, raw-bon'd rafcals ! who would e'er fuppofe
They had fuch courage ani audacity ? Shakeff,
Great eft'efts come of induftry and perfevc-
rancc; for audacity doth almoft bind and mare
the weaker foit of minds. Bacon s Nat, Ilijlory,
for want of that freedom and audacity, necelTaty
in commerce with men, his pcrfonal modcfty over-
rhicw all his publick adlions, Matter,

A'u DIB LE. adj. [audiii/is. Lit.]
I. Tliat which may be perceived by hear-
ing.

Vifiblcs work upon a looking-glafs, and audihlei
upon the places of echo, wliich refemble in fomc
forttbc cavern of the car. Bacon'itJat.iliftery.

£ve.

A U D

Eve, who unfceni
Vrt *U had heard, with audible lament
Dlfcover'd foon the place of her retire. Mtlt'ii-
Every fenfe doth not operate upon fancy with the
fame force. The conceits of vifibles are clearer
and ftr jnger than thofe of tudiUtt. Crew-

2. Loud enough to be heard.

One leaning over a well twenty-five fathom deep,
and fpeaking foftly, the warer returned an audihlt
echo. Bacov.

A'u BIBLE NESS. n.f. [iroxti ouMblt.^ Ca-

pablenefs of being heard.
A'uDiBLY. fli/i". \jvom audible."] In fuch

a manner as to be heard.

AnH lalt, the fum of all, my Father'* voice,
Audibli heard from heav'n, pronounc'd me hit.
•' Miltm.

A'u D I E N CE. n.f. [audience, Fr.]
I. The aft of hearing or attending to any
thing.

Now I breathe again
Aloft the flood, and can give audience
To any tongue, fpcak it of what it will. Shaleff.

Thus far his bold difcourfe, without conrroul.
Hid audience. Milisn.

His look
Drew audience, and attention ftill as night,
Or fummcr's noon-tide air. Mi/lca.

Z. The liberty of fpeaking granted; a
hearing.

Were it reafon to give men audience, pleading for
tlic overthrow of that which their own deed hath
ratified ? Hwker.

According to the fair play of the world.
Let me hzve audience: I am fent to fpeak,
My holy lord of Milan, from the king. Skahefp.

3. An auditory ; peribns coUcfted to hear.

Or, if the ftar of ev'ning and the moon
Hafte to thj audience, night with her will bring
Silence. Milton.

The hall was filled with an audience of the
greatell eminence for quality and politenefs.

jidJi/an.

It proclaims the triumphs of goodncfs in a pro-
per audience, even before the whole race of man-
kind. Attcrbury.

4. The reception of any man who delivers
^ folemn meffage.

In this high temple, on a chair of ftate.
The feat of audience, old Latinus fate. Dryden.

Audience Court. A court belonging to
the archbilhop of Canterbury, of equal
authority with the arches court, though
inferiour both in dignity and iintiquity.
The original of this court was, becaufe
the archbilhop of Canterbury heard fe-
veral caufes extrajudicially at home in
his own palace ; which he ufually com-
jijitted to be difcufTed by men learned in
the civil and canon laws, whom he called
his auditors : and fo in time it became
the power of the man, who is called
cau/arum negothrumque audienliit Canlu-
arUnfis auJitur,/eii officialis, Ccwell.

A'u D IT. n. f. [from audit, he hears,
Lat.] A final account.

If they, which are accuftoraed to wc'gh all
things, ihall here fit down to receive our audit, the
fum, which truth amounteth to, will appear to be
but this. Hojhr.

He took my father grofsly, full of bread.
With all his crimes broad blown, and fliifli as May ;
And how his auda Hands, who knows favc Heav'n >

Hamlet.
I can make my audit up, that all
From me d) bac'< receive the flow'r of all,
And leave me but the bran. Hhakeffeare.

fe A'vDi-r. ev. a. [irom atulii.'] To take
an account finally.

AVE

Bifliopi otdinariet auditing all accounts, take
twelve pence. Ayliffe't Parergen.

I love exa£t dealing, and let Hocus audit ; he
Icnows how the money was dilburfcd. Arbuibiuit.

Audi'tion. is./, [iiWiWo, Lat.] Hear-
ing.
A'u D I TO R . It./, [auditor, Lat, ]

1 . A hearer.

Dear coufin, you that were laft day fo high in
the pulpit againft lovers, are you now became io
mean an auditir f Sidney.

What a play tow'rd ? I'U be an auditcr ;
An ailor too, perhaps. $hakejj>eare.

This firft doarine, though admitted by many of
bis auditors, ia exprel'sly agiintt the Epicureans,

Beniley.

2. A perfon employed to take an account
ultimately.

If you fulpcdl my hulbandry.
Call me before th' exafleft auditcrt.
And let me on the proof. Sbatefpeare'i Timtn.

3. In ecclefiaftical law.

The archbifliop's ulage was to commit the dif-
cu fling of caufes to perfons learned in the law,
filled his aiidiicrs. ylyliffe't Parergim.

4. In thfejlate.

A king's officer, who, yearly examining the ao-

counti of all under-officers accountable, makes up

a general book. ConuelU

A'vviTOKY. aei/. [auditorius, hat.] That

which has the power of hearing.

Is not hearing performed by the vibrations of

fome medium, excited in the auditory nerves by

the tremours of the air, and propagated through the

capillaments of thofe nerves ? Newton.

A'uDiTORY, n./. [auditorium, Lat.]

1. An audience ; a colleftion of perfons
affembled to hear,

Dema^cs never troubled his head to bring his
auditiry to their wits by dry reafon, VEflrange.

Met in the church, 1 look upon you as an audi'
firy fit to be waited on, as you arc, by both uni-
verfities. South.

Several of this auditory were, perhaps, entire
ftrangers to the perfon whofe death we now lament.

Atlcrbury.

2. A place where leftures are to be heard.
A'uDlTRESS. n.f. [horn audjtor.] The

woman that hears ; a flie-hearer.

Yet went {he not, as not with fuch difcourfe
Delighted, or not capable her ear
Of what was high : fuch pleafure flie ixferv'd,
Adam relating, (he fole audilrefi. Milton.

To Ave'l, '■j. a. [avello, Lat.] To pull
away.

The beaver in chafe makes fome divullion of
parts, yet are not ihefc parts avellcd to be termed
tefticles. Breivn.

A'vE Mary, ». /. [from the firft words
of the falutation to the Blefied Virgin,
Ave Maria.] A form of worfhip re-
peated by the Romanifts in honour of
the Virgin Mary,

All his mind is bent on holinefs.
To number Ave Maries on his beads. Shakefp.
A'vENACE. n. f. [of a'vena, oats, Lat.]
A certain quantity of oats paid to a
landlord, inllead of fome other duties,
or as a rent by the tenant. Dicl.

To AVE'NGE. 1/, a. [witger, Fr,]

1. To revenge,

I will avenge me of mine enemies. Ifaiab.

They Hood againft their enemies, and were
a-t'enged of their adverfaries, ll^ijdcm.

I will avenge the blood of Jezreelupon the houfe
of Jehu. llojea.

2. To punilh.

Till Jove, no longer patient, took his time
T' avenge with tiiuadcr your audacious cUme.

■ Dryden.

AVE

Ave'ncbance. »./. [{torn avingt."] Pa«
nilhment.

This neglcfted, fear
Signal avengtatiee, fuch as overtook
A mifer. Philift.

Ave'ncement. ». /. [from etvetige.}
Vengeance ; revenge.

That he might work th' avengemeni forhU Osamc
On thofe t\vo caitivet which had bred him blame.

Spenfer*

All thofe great battles which thou boafts to wia
Through ftrife and blood/hed, and avcngement
Now pralfed, hereafter thou Ihalt repent, Puiry 2*

Ave'nger. n.f. [hoxa avenge.]

1. Punifher.

That no man go beyond and defraud his brother,
becaufe the Lord is tiic avenger of all fuch. i Theff.

Ere this he had return'd, with fury driv'n
By his avengers ; fincc no place like this
Can fit his punifliment, or their revenge. MiIim,

2, Revenger; taker of vengeance for.

The juft avengej- of his injured ancefiors, the
viflorious Louis, »as darting his thunder. Dryden,

But Juft difcafe to luxury fucceeds.
And ev'ry death its own avenger breeds. Pope.
Ave'nceress. n./. [from avenger.] A
female avenger. Not in ufe.

There that cruel qjeen avmgerefs
Heap on her new waves of weary wretchcdnefs.

Fairy S^een.

A'vens, n.f. [caryofhyllata, Liii.] The
fame with herb bennet. Miller.

Av e'n T H R e. n.f. [aventure, Fr. ] A mif-
chance, caufing a man's death, without
felony ; as when he is fuddenly drowned,
or burnt, by any fudden difeafe falling
into the fire or water. See Adven-
ture. Co-zuell.

A'vENUE, »./. [avenue, Fr. It is fome-
times pronounced with the accent on the
fecond fyllable, as ff^alts obferves ; but
has it generally placed on the firft,]

I . A way by which any place may be en-
tered.

Good guards were fet up at all the avenues of the
city, to keep all people from going out. Clarendon.

Truth is a ttrong h dd, and diligence is laying
fiege to it ■, fo that it muft obferve all the avenues
and pall'es to it. Scuib,

z. An alley, or walk of trees, before a

houfe.
To A\'E'R. 1", a. [averer, Fr. from evemm,

truth, Lat,] To declare pofitively, or

peremptorily.

The reafon of the thing is clear ;
Would Jove the naked truth aver. Prior*

Then vainly the philofopher avers
That rcafin guides our deed, and inftin£l theirs.
How can we juftly diff'rent caufes frame,
When the effe£ls entirely are the fame ? Prior.

We may aver, though the power of God be in-
finite, the capacities of matter are within limits.

Bentley.
A'verage. tt./. [averagium, Lat.]

1. In law, that duty or fervice which the
tenant is to pay to the king, or other
lord, by his bealls and carriages, Chamb.

2. In navigation, a certain contribution
that merchants proportionably make to-
wards the loffes of fuch as have their
goods call overboard for the fafety of the
fhip in a tempeft ; and this contribution
feems fo called, becaufe it is fo propor-
tioned, after the rate of every man's
a-veragt of goods carried. Co^vell.

3. A fmall duty which merchants, who

ifend goods in another man's (hip, pay to
the

AVE

the mafter thereof for his care of them,
over and above the freight. Chambirs.

4. A medium ; a mean proportion.

Ave'rment. n. f. [from «'i'<r.]

1. Eftablilhment of any thing by evidence.

To avoid the oath, for averment of the continu-
ance of feme eftatc, which is eigne, tlie party will
fue a pardon. Bacon.

2. An oiFer of the defendant to juftify an
exception, and the adl as well as the
offer. Blount.

Ave'rnat. n.f. A fort of grape. See

Vl NE.

Averrunca'tion. «./. [from ai-errun-

cate.] The aft of rooting up any thing.
7*0 Averru'nc ATE. I/, a. [averruaco,

Lat.] To root up ; to tear up by the

roots.
Sure fome mifchief will come of it,

Unlefs by providential wit.

Or force, we averruncatt it. HuJ'rlras.

Aversa'tion. n./. [from aver/or, Lat]

1 . Hatred ; abhorrence ; turning awav
with deteftation.

Hatred is the paffion of defiance, and there is a
kind of avtrjalim and holliUty included in its ef-
fence. • South.

2. It is moil: properly ufed yi'nhfrom before
the objeft of hate.

There was a ftiff avirfat'nm in my lord of Eflcx
frail applying himfeif to the earl of Lcicefter.

tfntiin.

3. Sometimes with /« .• lefs properly.

There is fuch a genera! averjation in human na-
ture 10 contempt, that there is fcarce any thing
more exafperating. 1 will not deny, but tlie exccfs
of the averjal'ion may be levell-d againft pride.

Gwernment of the Tongue.

4. Sometimes, very improperly, with tc-
tjuardi.

A natural and fecret hatred and averjation to-
KvorHt fociety, in any man, hath fomewhat of thr
fa^age beafc. Bacon.

Ave'rse. adj. [aver/us, Lat.]

1. Malign; not favourable ; having fuch
a hatred as to turn away.

Their courage UnguifliM as their hopes decay*d,
And Pallas, now averje, refus'd her aid. DrycUn>

2. Not pleafed with ; unwilling to.

Has thy uncertain bofam ever ftruve
With the fitd tumults of a real love >
Had thou now dreaded, and now blelsM his fway,
By turv, averje and joyful to obey ? Prior.

yi'verje alike to flatter, or offenH,
Not free from faults, nor yet too vain to mend.

Pope.

3. It has mod properly_/rc»i before the ob-
jeft of averlion.

L:ws politick are never framed as they fhould
be, unlels prefuming the will of man to be inwardly
obftinate, rebellious, and aver ft from all obedience
unto the facred laws of his natuie. Hooker.

They believed all who obifdled againfl their un-
dctaking to be avirjefrom peace. Cldretuion.

Thefe carts alnne her virgin breaft employ,
Avcrje jrt/m Venus and the nut't.al joy. Pope.

4. Very frequently, but improperly, to.

He had, from the b-ginning of the war, been
Tcry B-uerje to any advice of the privy council.

ClarenAcn.

Diodorus tells us of one Charondos, who was
averfe to all innovation, cl'pcciaily when it was to
proceed from particular |)erfung, Sittft,

Ave'rsei.v. adv. [from a'ver/e.']

1. Unwillingly.

2. Backwardly.

Not < nly they want thofe parte of fecretinn, but
it is emitted tverfelj, or backward, by both fexes,
Bri,ii/n'iyulgtr Erreuri.

Vot.I.

AUG

Ave'rseness. ti.f. [from aver/e.'\ Un-
willingnefs ; backwardnefs.

The corruption of man is in nothing more ma-

nifeft, than in his a-verjenefs to entertain any friend-

(hip or familiarity with God. Atirrbury.

Avk'rsion. n. f. [averjion, Fr. averjia,

Lat.]
I. Hatred; diflike ; deteftation; fuch as
turns away from the objeft.

What if with \\Vx. averfxon 1 rcjeft
Riches and realms ? Milton.

z. It is ufed moft properly with yro»» before
the objeft of hate.

They had an inward averjicn from it, and were
refolved to prevent it by all poflibic means. Clarendon.

With men thefe confidcratiuns are ufuallycaul'es
of defpite, difdain, or a-verfion fnm others j but
with God, fo many reafons of our greater tenJer-
nefs towards others. Spratt.

The fame adhcfion to vice, and averjion from
goodnefs, will be a reafon for rejeiling any proof
whatfoever. Amrtjrj.

3. Sometimes, lefs properly, with to.

A freeholder is bred with an anierf on to fubjec-
tion. Aiidijon.

\ might borrow illuftrations of freedom and a^er-
Ron to receive new truths trom modern attronomy.

Watti.

4. Sometimes with_/cr.

The Lucquefc would rather throw themftlvcs
under the government of the Genocfe, than fub-
mit to a ftate/sr which they have fo great averfvm.

Add'ijon.

This averfi-m of the people ybr the late proceed-
ings of the commons, might be improved to good
ufes. Swft.

5. Sometimes, very improperly, with to-
tuards.

His averfton tonvarJs the houfc of York was fo
predominant, as it found place not only in his
councils but in his bed. Bacjn.

6. The caufe of averfion.

They took great pleafure in compounding Uw-
fuits among their neighbours; for which they were
the averjion of the gejiticmen of the long robe.

Arbuthnot't hiftory of Jobn Bull.

Self-love and reafon to one end afpire ;
Pain their averjion, pleifure their dcfirc. Pope.

To AVE'RT. v. a. [awrto, Lat.]

1. To turn afide; to turn off.

1 bcfeech you
T' avert your liking a more worthy way,
I'haii on a wretch. Shakijpfjre' s K'tng hear.

At this, for the laft time, ihc lifts her hand,
Averli her eyes, and half unwilling drops the brand.

Vrydcn.

2. To caufe to diflike.

When people began t > cfpy the falfchiod of ora-
cles, whereupon all gentility was built, their hearts
were utterly averted from it. Hooker.

Even cut theinfcKcs olf from the opportunities
of profelyting others, by averting them irom their
company. Government of the tongue.

J. To put by, as a calamity.

O Lord ! avcit whatfoever evil our fwerving may
threaten unto his church. Hooker.

D verfityof conjefturcs made many, whofj con-
ceits averted from themfelves the fortune of that
war, to become carclcfs and fccure. Kmltes.

Th-fe ad'edlions earneftly fix our minds on God,
and forcibly avert from us thofe things which are
difpleafmg to him, and contrary to religion. Spratt.

Thro' thr;:aten'd lands they wild dellru(3ion
throw,
Till ardent prayer averts the public woe. Prior.

A UP. n.f. [of a^, Dutch.] A fool, or
filly fellow. Dia.

A'uGER. «./. [i'^j-^r, Dutch.] A carpen-
ter's tool to bore holes with.

The augtr hath a handle and bit ; its office is to
make great round holes. When you ufe it, the
ftulf you work upon is commonly laid low under

AUG

yoti, that yoo may the eafier ufe your ftr«ngth : for
in twilling the bit about by the force of both your
hands, on each end of the handle one, it cuts great
chips out of the ftuff. Moxon's Mecb. Exercifa,

Aught, pronoun, [auht, aphr, Saxon.
It is fometimes, improperly, writtea
ought. '\ Any thing.

If 1 can do it,
By aught that 1 can fpeak in his difpraife,
She Ihall not long continue love to him. Shakefp,

They may, for aught I know, obtain fuch fub-
llances as may induce the chymifts to entertain
other thoughts. Boyle.

But go, my fon, and fee H aught be wanting.
Among my father's friends. Addij'm's Cato,

To AUGME'NT. 'v. a. [augmcnter, Fr.]
To increafe ; to make bigger, or more.

Some curfed weeds her cunnmg hand did know.
That could augment his harm, encreale his pain.

Fairfax.
Rivers have dreams added to them in their paf-
fage, which enlarge and augment them.

Hale^s Common Latv of England.

To Augme'nt. <v. v. To increafe; to
grow bigger.

But as his heat with running did augment,
M uch more his fightencreas'd hi shot delire. Sidney.

The winds redouble, and the rains augment.
The waves on heaps are dalh'd. Dryden^s firgll.
A'uGMENT. n./. [augmen f um, L^t."]

1. Increafe; quantity gained.

You fiiail find tliis augment of the tree to he

without the diminution of one drachm of the earth*

IValton^i Angler.

2. State of increafe.

Difcutients are improper in the beginning of in-
Hammations ; but proper, when mixed with repel-
lents, in the augment. IVifeman.
Augmenta'tion. a.y; [from augment. "^

1. The ail of increafing or making bigger.

Thofe who would be zealous againft regular
troops after a peace, will promote an augmentation
of thofe on foot. Addifon.

2. The ftate of being made bigger.

What modification ot matter can make one em-
bryo capable of fo prodigioufly vaft augmentation^
while another is confined to the minutcnefs of an
infi-a ? _ Benttey.

3. The thing added, by which another is
made bigger.

By being glorified, it does not mean that he doth
receive any augmentation of glory at our hands ; but
his name we glorify, when we teftify our acknow-
ledgment of his glory. Hooker.

Augmentation Court. A court crefted
by King Henry the Eighth, for the in-
creafe of the revenues of his crown, by
the fupprcffion of monafteries. DiS.
A'uGRE. n.f. A carpenter's tool. See
Auger.

Your temples burned in the cement, and
Your fianchifes, whereon you Hood, confined
Into an augre& bore, Shakefp. Coriolanui.

Aug RE-HOLE. n.f. [from «K^r« and /^o/^.]
A hole made by boring with an augre ;
proverbially a narrow (pace.

What (hruld be fpoken here,
Where our fate, hid within an augre-hole.
May rufli and feize us. Siakejp. Macbeth.

A'UGUR. n.f. [augur, Lat.] One who
pretends to predict by omens, as by the
flight of birds.

What fay the augurs f
—They would not have you ftir forth to-day !
Plucking the entrails of an olfering forth.
They could not find a heart within the bead.

Sbakejpeere.
Calchas, the facred feer, who had in view
Things prefcnt and the paft, and things to come

foreknew:
Supreme of auguru Dijdtn'i Faila.

S Aa

AVI

As T and mioe confult thy tupirt
Crant the glad oiren} let thy tav'tite rife
Prnp.tious, ever tearing from the right. Prior.
To A'uGUR. 'v.n. [from augur,'\ Toguel's;
to conjefture by figns.

1 he people love me, and the fea is mine.
My p;>w*r's a crefcenti and my aug^r'wg hope
Says i; will come to the full. Shateffcare,

My aug'ring mind alTures the iame fuccets.

Dry ({en,

To A'uounATE. V, H. [auguror, Lat.] To

judge by augury.
Aucura'tion, ti.f, [from aafar.] The

praftice of augury, or of foretelling by

events and prodigies.

Claudius Pulcher underwent the like fucccff,
when he continued the tripudary auguralhns,

Brc'WH'i Vulgar Errours,

A'v G u R s R . It./, [from augur.] The fame
with augur.

Thefe apparent prodigies.
And the perfuafion of his auguren.
May hold him from the capital to-day. Shaiefp.

Avcv'tLiAt.aJJ. [from augur^y .] Relating
to augury.

On this foundation were butlt the conclufions
of foothfayers, in their dn^iiria/ and tripudiary di-
vinations. Bn-wn.

To A'ucuRisB. t>. n. [from <j»^*r.] To
praAife divination by augury. DU1.

Av'cvtLOVs. adj. [from «»fK;-.] Predift-
ing ; prefcient ; foreboding.

So fear'd
The fair-man'd horfes, that they flew back, and

their chariots turn'd ,
Prefaging in their augurtut hearts the labours that
they mourn'd. Chapman^i Iliad.

A'uGURY. n.f. [augurium, Lat.]
I. The aft of prognofticating by omens
or prodigies.

Thy face and thy behavipur,
Which, if my augury deceive me not,
Witnefs good breeding. Sbakeffeart,

The winds are chang'd, your friends from dan-
ger free,
Or I renounce my (kill in augury. Dryd. jSneid.
She knew, hy augury divine,
Venus would fail in the defign. Swift.

z. An omen or prediftion.

What if this death, which is for him defign'd,
Had been your doom (far be that augury ! )
And you, not Aurengzebe, condemn'd to die ?

Dryder..
The pow'rs we both invoke
To you, and yours, and mine, propitious be.
And firm our purpofe with an augury. Dryden.

AuGu'sT. adj. [augu/liis , Lzx."] Great;
grand ; royal ; magnificent ; awful.

There is nothing fo contemptible, but antiquity
c«n render it auguji and excellent. Glanvi Scepfa.

The Trojan cliicf appear'd in open fight,
Aguft in vifjge, and fercncly bright;
His mother goddefs, with her hands divine.
Had form'd his curling locks, and made his tem-
plet flline. Dryden.

A'oGusT. n.f. [Augujlut, Lat.] The
name of the eighth month from Jan-iary
indufive.

Auguji was dedicated to the honour of Auguftus
Cxfar, becaufe in the fame month he was ere iCed
conful, thrice triumpher in Rome, fubdued Egyp^
to the Roman empire, and made an end of civil
wars ; being before called Stxiilis, or the fixth
from March. Piacbam.

AoGu'sTNESS. n.f. [from augufl.l Eleva-
tion of look ; dignity ; loftinels of mien
or afpeft.

A'viARY. n./ [from a-vis, Lat. a bird.]
A place inclofed to keep birds in.
la aviaria of Wire, to keep birds of all forts,

A V O

the Italians bellow vail expence; including great'
fcope of ground, variety of buOies, trees of good
height, running waters, and foineiimes a Hove an-
nexed, to contemper the air in the winter.

IVcttun't jircbittBure.

Look now to your aviary ; for now tlie birds

grow fick of their feathers. E-velyn't Kalendar.

Avi'oiTY. n.f. [a-vidite, Fr. aniiditas,
Lat.] Greedinefs} eagernefs; appetite;
infatiable defire.

A'viTOus. adj. [a^</V«/, Lat.] Left by a
man's anceltors ; ancient. DiSl.

To Avi'zE. 1/. a. \avijh-, Fr. A word
'out of ufe.]

1. To counfel.

With that, the hulbandman 'gan him avixe.
That it for him was fittefl exercife. Sfen/ir.

2. With a reciprocal pronoun, to bethink
himfelf : s'a'vlj'er, Fr.

But him a-viztng, he that dieadful deed
Foibore, and rather chofe, with fccrnful fliame,
Him to avenge. Sfcnfir.

3. To confider; to examine.

No power he had to ftir, nor will to rife ;
That when the careful knight 'gan well avixe.
He lightly left the foe. Fairy Sjuecn.

As they 'gan his library to view,
And antique regifters for to avixe, Spenfcr.

A'ukward. See Awkward.

AvLD. adj. [alb. Sax.] A word now ob-

folete ; but ftill ufed in the Scotch dia-

left.

'Tis pride that pulls the country down ;
Then take thine au/d cloak about thee.

Shakefpeare.

Aule'tick. ae//. [av>ii(.] Belonging to

pipes. D/ff.

A'u n c K . adj. [aulicus, Lat.] Bekjnging to

the court. ^

Auln. n.f. [aii/fie, Fr.] A French mea-

fure of length; an ell.
To Auma'il. v. a. [from maille, Fr. the
me(h of a net ; whence a coat of aumail,
a coat with network of iron.] To varie-
gate ; to figure. Upton explains it, to
enamel.

In golden bulkins of coftly cordwalne.
All hard with golden bendes, which were entail'd
With curious anticks, and full fair aumaiVd.

Fairy S^ueen.

Au'mbry. See Ambry.

Aunt. n.f. \jante, Fr. amita, Lat.] A fa-
ther or mother's fifter ; correlative to
nephew or niece.

Wlio meets us here ? my niece Plantagenet,
Led in the hand of her kind aunt of Gl<f Iter.

Shakefpeare.
She went to plain work, and to purling brooks,
Old-falhion'd halls, dull aunti, and croaking rooks.

Pope.
AFOCA'DO. n. /. [Span, perjica, Lat.]
The name of a tree that grows in great
plenty in the Spanifh Well Indies.

The fruit is or itlelf very inlipid, for which
reafon they generally eat it with the juice of le-
mof.s and fugar, to give it a poignancy. Miller.

To A'VOCATE. n). a. [a'voco, Lat.] To
call off from bufmcfs ; to call away.

Their divei:ure ol mortality difpenfcs them
from thofe laborious and avocatirg duties to dlf-
ttelled Chriftians, ard their fecular relations,
which are here rcquifite. Style.

Avoca'tion. n.f. [from a'vocate.]
I. The aft of calling afide.

The buftlc of bulinefs, the avocaticnt of our
fenfes, and the din of i clamoroui world, are im-
pediments. CltnvUk.

A V O

Stir up that remembrance which his many tvi^
cat'ani of bufinels have caufcci him to lay afide.

Drydtn.

God does frequently inject into the fiul biclfed
imnulfes to duty, and powerful avocaticni from
fin. South.

2. The bttfmefs that calls; or the call that
fummons away.

It is a fubjed that we may make fome progrcfs
in its contemplation within the time, that in the
ordinary time of life, and with the permiflian of
neceifary avocations, a man may employ in fuch a
contemplation. , HaU'i Origin of Mankind.

By the fecular cares and avocations which ac-
company marriage, the clergy have betn turnllhed
with {kill in common life. jitterbary.

To AVO'ID. -v. a. [-vuider, Fr.]
I. To ftiun ; to decline.

The wifdom of plcaling God, by doing what he
commands, and avoiding what he forbids. 'Tillotfon.

z. To efcape ; as, he atioided the blow by
turning afide.

3. To endeavour to (hun.

The faihion of the world is Xo avoid co^, and
you encounter it, Sbakeffeare.

4. To evacuate ; to quit.

What have you tu do here, fellow .' pray you,
avoid the houfe. Sbakefpeare,

If any rebel fliould be require^, of the prince
confederate, the prince confederate Ihould com-
mand him to avoid the country. Baeon.

He defired to fpeak with fome few of us :
whereupon fix of us only Itayed, and the reft a-
voided the room. Bacoiu

5. To emit ; to throw out.

A toad contains not thofe urinary parts which
are found in other animals to avoid that ferous
excretion. Brc^n's Vulgar Erreiiri.

6; To oppofe ; to hinder effeft.

The removing that which caufcd putrefaction,
doth prevent and a'void putrefadlion. Bacon*

7. To vacate ; to annul.

How can thefe grants of the king's be avoided,
without wronging of thofe lords which had thrfe
lands and lord/hips given them .' Spenfcr,

To Avo'iD. Ol. ».

1 . To retire.

And Saul call the javelin ; for he faid, I will
fmite David even to the wail with it : and David
avoided out ol his prefence twice. 1 Sam,

2. To become void or vacant.

Biihopricks are not included under benefices :
fo that if a perfon takes a biflioprick, it does not
avoid by force of that law of pluralities, but by
the ancient common law. Ayliffe,

Avo'iDABLE. adj. [from avoid."]

1 . That which may be avoided, fhunned,
or efcaped.

Want of exa£lnefs in fuch nice experiments is
fcarce avoidable. Boyle,

To take feveral things for granted, is hardly
avoidable to any one, whofe talk it is to Ihew the
falfehood or improbability of any truth. Locke,

2. Liable to be vacated or annulled.

The charters were not avoidable for the king's
nonage ; and if there could have been any iuch
pretence, th.it alone would not avoid them. Halt,

Avo'i DANCE, n.f [from avoid.]
1 . The aft of avoiding.

It is appointed to give us vigour in the purfult
of what is good, or in the avoidance of what is
hurtful. fVatts,

z. The courfe by which any thing is car-
ried off.

For avoi.lances and drainings of water, where
there is too much, we (hall fpeak of. Bacoiu

3. The aft or ftate of becoming vacant.

4. The aft of annulling.
Avoi'der. n.j. [from <ifo«</.]

I. The perfon that avoids or fliuns any
thing,

i. The

A V O

2. The perfon that carries any thing away.

3 . Tne veflel in which things are carried
away.

Avo'iDLESs. adj. [from aao/V.] Inevit-
able ; that which cannot be avoided.

That atj':\diijs ruin in wiiich the whole empire
would be involved. Dennises Lett^n.

Avoir Dupo'is. n.f. [wvoir dupoids, Fr.]
A kind of weight, of which a pound
contains fixteen ounces, and is in pro-
portion to a pound Troy, as feventeen
to fourteen. All the larger and coarfer
commodities are weighed by a-voirdupois
weight. Chambers.

Probably the Romans left their ounce in Bri-
tain, which is now our a'v^'irdu^w ounce : for out
trrjy ounce wc had elfcwhere. Arbuthnot en Coins.
Avola'tion. n. f. [from a-jolo, to fly
avvay, Lat.] The^aft of flying away ;
flight : efcape.

Thefe airy vcgeubles are made by the relicks of
plantal emiflives, wh&fc avblaticn was prevented
by the condenfeJ enclofurc. Glamj'tlU^i Scc^i:.
Strangers, or the fungous parcels about candies,
oniy fignify a pluvious air, hindering the a'vcla-
tioK of the favillous paiticlcs. Brcnvni f^uJg. Err.

To Avo'ucH. v. a. \a'uouer, Fr. : for this
word we now generally fay vouch.'\

1. To affirm ; to maintain ; to declare
peremptoFily.

Th-y bjidiy avtuchrH that themfelves only had
the truth, which thfy would at ali times deiend.

Biiokcr
Wretched though I feem,
I can produce a champion that Will prove
What is avcucbed here. Shaktfj). King Lear.

2. To produce in favour of another.

Such antiquities could luve b-^en a-vcucbed for
the Irift). Spnfer'i Jritatid.

3. To vindicate ; to juftify.

You will think you trade no offence, if the duke
avouch thcjullice of ynut dealing.

Staktfpeare't Mttijure for Meafitre.

Avo'ucH. n.f. [from the verb.] Decla-
ration ; evidence ; teftimony.

1 might not this believe.
Without the fenfible and xx^^cavottib
Of mine own eyes. SbaUfp. Bamltt.

Avo'ucH ABLE. adj. [from a'vou(h.'\ That

may be avouched.
Avo'ocHER. H.f. [from <i«e«rj&.] He that

avouches.
To AVO'W. -V. a. [a-vouer, Fr.] To de-
clare with confidence ; to jullify ; not
to difTemblc.

H s CI uei l^cpdanic, feeing what was done.
Her wicked days with wretched knife did end j
In death tmovting^ib^ innocence of her fon.

Fairy Slueert.

He that delivers them mentions his doing it

npon hi^ own particular kno-A edge, or the relation

of fomc ci edible perfon, avvwi.ig it upon his <iwn

experience. Boyle.

Lett to myfelf, I muft avow, 1 drove

From publick fhame to fcreen my fecret love. Dryd,

Such anertior.s proceed from principles which

cannot be ativwed by thofe who arc for prefcrving

church and ftate. Siuifr.

Then blaz'd hit fmotherM flame, avviu^d and

-.:. h'Ai. 'Ihomjon.

Avo'wABLE. adj. [from aruonu."] That

which may be openly declared; that

which may be declared without Ihame.

Avo'wAL. tt f. [from a-vo-w^ Juftificatory

declaration ; open declaration.
Avo'wEDLv. ad'v. [from «xr»w.] In an
open ffianaer.

10

A U R

Wllmot could not evmvedly have excepted
againft the ether. Ctartni.n.

Avowee', n.f. [avoue, Fr.] He to whom
the right of advowfon of any church be-
longs. !)/<?.
Avo'wER. ». /. [from azKnv.] He that
avows or juftifies.

Virgil makes ^neas a bold avoivtr of his own
virrues. DrytUn.

Avo'wRY. n.f. [from i7i;ow.] In Lw,
is where one takes a diftrels for rent, or
otlier thing, and the other fues replevin.
In which cafe the taker Ihall juftify, in
his plea, for what caufe he took it ; and,
if he took it in his own right, is to (hew
it, and fo avow the taking, which is
called his azvwry. Chambers.

Avo'wsAL. ». y. [from co/o-ti'.] A con-
feflion. Dm.

Avo'wTRY. n. f. [See Auowtrv.]
Adultery.

A'uRATE. n. /. A fort of pear; which
fee.

Aure'lia. n.f. [Lat.] A term ufed for
the firft apparent change of the eruca,
or maggot of any fpecies of infecls.

Chambers.

The fjlitary maggot, found in the dry heads ot

teafel, is fometinies changed into the aurclia of a

butterfly, fometimes into a fty-cafe. RayonCrial.

A'uRicLE. n.f. [auricula, Lat.]

1. The external ear, or that part of the
ear which is prominent from the head.

2. Two appendages of the heart ; being
two mufcular caps, covering the two
ventricles thereof; thus called from the
refemblance they bear to the evternal
ear. They move regularly like tht
heart, only in an inverted order ; their
fyftole correfponding to the diaftole of
the heart. Chambers.

Blood fliiuld be ready to join with the chyle,
before it reaches the right auricle of the heart.

Ray on th^ Creation.

AuRi'cuLA. »./. See Bears Ear. A

flower.
Auri'cular. adj. [from auricula, Lat.]

the ear.]
I. Within the fenfe or reach of hearing.

You Ihall hear us conter, and bv an aurnular
afTurance have your fatisfatlion. &hak. K. Lear,
z. Secret ; told in the ear ; as, auricular
confeffion.

3. Traditional; known by report.

The alchymifts call in many var ctics out of

aftrology, auricular traditions, and feigned tk-lli-

monies. Bacon.

AuRi'ct/LARLY. ad-v. [frotu auricuJar.]

In a fecret manner.

Thele will foon cotrt'els, and that not auricularly,

but in a loud and audible voice. Decay of Piiiy.

Auri'ferous. adj. [ojiri/er, Lat.] That

which produces gold. ■

Rocks rich in gems, and mountains big with

mines, ,

Whence many a burfting ftream euriferoas plays.

Thonf'^n. '

Aurica'tion. n.f. [auriga, Lat.] The

aft or praftice of driving carriages. Diii.

AuRIPICMe'ntUM. SeeORPIMENT.

AURO'RA. n.f. [Lat.]

1 . A fpecies of crowfoot.

2. The goddefs that opens the gates of
day ; poetically, the morning. I

A U S

Aurora ftieds
On Indus' fmiling banks the rofy (hovrer. Tiji^t

AURO'RA Borealis. [Lat.] Light ftream-
ing in the night from the north.

AU'RVM Fulminans. [Lat.] A prepara-
tion made by diflblving gold in aqua
regia, and precipitating it with fait of
tartar ; whence a very fmall quantity of
it becomes capable, by a moderate heat,
of giving a report like that of a piftol.

^ncy.

Some aurum fulniinam the fabrick (hook. Gartb,
Ausculta'tion. 71. /. [from auj'culto,
Lat.] A hearkening or liftening to. DiH.
A'USPICE. n.f. \aufpiciiim, Lat.]

1. The omens of any future undertaking
drawn from birds.

2. Proteftion ; favour (hewn.

Great father M.irs, and greater Jove,
By whofe high aujpicc Rome hath ftood
Si long. Ben fonfon,

3. Influence; good derived to others from
the piety of their patron.

But fo may he live long, that town to fwayt
Which by his aujpice they will nobler make.
As he will hatch their alhes by his ftay. DryJen.

Auspi'ci al. fl(^'. [irom aufpice.^ Relat-
ing to prognolticks.
Auspi'cious, adj. [from aufpice.^^

1 . Having omens of fuccefs.

You are now, with happy and aufpicicous .be-
ginnings, forhiing a model of a Chtiflian charity.

Spratt,

2. Profperous ; fortunate: applied to per-
fons.

Aujpiciou! chief! thy race, in times to come,
Shall Ipread the conquelis of imperial Rome. Dryd*

3. Favourable; kind; propitious: ap-
plied to perfons, or afiions.

Fortune play upon thy profp'rous helm,
As thy aujfifious miftrefs ! Shakefpeare»

4. Lucky ; happy : applied to things.

I'll deliver all.
And promife you calm feas, aujpicioui gales.
And fails expeditious. Sbakefpeare^s Tempcji^

A pure, an aftive, an aufpicious flame.
And bright as heav'n, from whence the blelTing
came. Ro/common,

Two battles your aujpicioui caufe has won ;
Thy fword can perfcft what it has begun. Dryden.
Auspi'ciousLV, ad'v. [from flK/^/a'o«r.]
Happily ; profperoufly ; with profpe-
rous omens,
Auspi'ciousNESS. n.f. [from aufpicieus-l

Profperity ; promife of happlneCs.
AUSTE'RE. adj. [aujierus, Lat.]

1. Severe; harfh ; rigid.

When men reprelent the Divine -nature as an
aujlere iViA rigorous mailer, always lifting up hit
hand to take vengeance, fuch conceptions mud
unavoidably raiie terror. Rogcri*

Aujiere Saturnius, fay
From whence this wrath ? or who controuls thy
fway f Fope.

2. Souroftafte; harfli.

Th' aujlere and pond'rous juices they fublime.
Make them afcend the porous foil, and climb
The orange-tree, the citron, and the lime.

Blackntorem
Aujicre wines, diluted with water, cool mora
than water alone, and at the fame time dn not relax.
Arbuthnot on Alimenti,
AutTE'RELY. adv. [from aujiere.\ Se-
verely ; rigidly.

Ah! Luciana, did he tempt thee fo ^
Might'ft thou perceive, aujlerely in his eye,
That he did plead in earnell ? Sbakcfpeart,

Hypocrites aujitrely talk
Of purity, and place, and innocence. Par. Loft.
S 2 AuSTe'KS-

A U T

/uste'reness. a./, [from aufttre.'\

1. Severity ; ftriftnefs ; rigour.

My UDl'oU'd name, th' auflerittefi of my life,
May vouch againft you ; and my place i' th" ftjtt
WUl fo your accufation ovciwcigh. Shaktjfrarc.

If «n indifferent and unridlculous objedt could
draw this eufitrcniji into a fmile, he hardly could
refift the proper motives thereof, imiiu'i Vulg> Er.

2. Roughnefs in tafte.
Austb'rity. n.f. [from auftert.'\

I. Severity ; mortified life ; ftriftnefs.
Now, Marcus Cato, our new conful's fpy,
"WJiit it your SaMt eujiirity fent t' explore f

Ben yonfcn*
What was that fnaky-headed Gorgon fliield '
That wife Minerva wore, unconquer'd \irgin.
Wherewith (he freei'd her foes to confeal'd ftone.
But rigid looks of challe auftiriiy.
And noble grace, thatdafli'd brute violence
With fudden adoration and blank awe ? MUtiK.
This prince kept the government, and yet lived
in his convent with all the rigour aad aufier'ity of
a Capuchin. Mdtjm.

i. Cruelty ; harfli difcipline.

Let not oujleriiy breed fervile fear ;
No wanton found offend her virgin ear. Ro/cmmcri.
A'usTRAL. 4ii/j. [auftralis, Lat.] South-
ern ; as, the aujiral figns.
Ta A'usTRALizE. v. n. [from aufter, the
fouth wind, Lat.] To tend towards the
fouth.

Steel and good iron difcovcr a verticlty, or polar
faculty ; whereby they do feptentriatc at one ex-
treme, and <»^ra//a:f at another. BrovitCs Vulg<Err,
A'usTRiNE. adj. [from auflrinus, Lat.J

Southern; fouthernly.
Authe'ntical. adj. [from authentick.]
Not fiftitious ; being what it feems.

Of ftatutes made before time of memory, we
have no aMttemicai ttcotds, but only tranfcripts.

Na/c.

Awthe'ntically. ad-v. [from authen-
tical.} After an authentick manner ;
with all the circumltances requifite to
procure authority.

This point is dubious, and not yet authentically
decided. Bro^vns J^ulgar Errours.

Confcience never commands or forbids any thing
authentically, but there is fome law of God which
commands or forbids it firft. Siuth.

Authe'nticalness. n./. [from authen-
tica/.] The quality of being authentick;
genuinenefs ; authority.

Nothing can be more pleafant than to fee vir-
tuofos about a cabinet of medjis, defcantlng upon
the value, rarity, and aethenticalrefi of the feveral

AuTHENTi'ciTY. «./. [from aulbetifici,']
Authority ; genuinenefs ; the being au-
thentick.

^UTHE-NTICK. a/^'. [aut&eftticus. Lat.]
That which has every thing requifite to
give it authority; as, an authentick re-
gifter. It is ufed in oppofition to any
thing by which authority is deftroyed,
as authentick, not counterfeit. It is never
nfedof perfons. Genuine; not fidlitious.

Thou art wont his great autlentick will
Interpreter through higheft heav'n to bring. Mill.

She joy'd th' authentick news to hear.
Of whatflieguefs'd belorewith jealous fear. Cowley.
But eenfure 's to be underftood
The authentick mark of the elcfl.
The publick ftamp Hcav'n fcts on all that's great
and good. S-ui\ft.

AtJT H e'n T I CK ty. ad'v. [from authentick.']

After an authentick manner.
Authe'ntickness. ». y." [from authen-
tick.\ The fame with authotticitj.

A U T

A'UTHOR. »./ at,aor, [Lat.]

1. The firft beginner or mover of any
thing ; he to whom any thing owes its
original.

That law, the auihentni obfervcr whereof is one
only God, to be bicffed for ever. Hv>ker.

The authcr of that which caufeth another thing
to be, is author o{ that thing alfo which thereby is
ca\ifed. Hooker.

I'll never
Be fuch a goding to obey inftirfl j but fljnd
As if a man was author ofhimfelf.
And knew no other kin. Shaiefp. Crriolanus.

Thou art my father, thou my ahth'.r, thou
My being gav'/l me; whom Ihould 1 obey
But ihte ? Milton i Paradife Loji.

But Faunus came from Plcua, PIcus drew
His birth from Saturn, if records be true.
Thus king Latinu;, in the third degree,
Had Saturn author of his family. Dryden.

If the worftiip of falfe gods had not blinded the
heathen, inf^ead of teaching to wor/hip the fun,
and dead heroes, they would have taught us to
worfliip our true Author and bcnefador, as their
anceft^irs did under the government of Noah and
his fons, before they corrupted themfelves. Neiuton.

2. The efficient ; he that effefts or pro-
duces any thing.

Thit which is the (trength of ihcir amity, fliall
prove the immediate author of their variance.

Sbakefpeare,

Now while tlie tortur'd favage turns around.
And flings abouthis foam, impatient of the wound ;
The wound's great author clofe at hand provokes
Kis rage. Dryden'i Fables.

From his loins
New authors of diffention fpring ; from him
Two branches, that in hofting long contend
For fov'reign fway. Philips.

3. The firft writer of any thing ; diftinfl
from the tranjlator or compiler.

To ftand upon every point in particulars, belong-

■ eth to the firft author of the ftory. 1 Mac. ii. 30

An author has the choice of his own thoughts

and words, which a tranflafor has not. Dryden.

4. A writer in general.

Yet their own autLo,rs faithfully affirm
That the land Salike lies in Germany. Sbaiefp.
Autho'ritative. adj. [from authority.]

1 . Having due authority.

2. Having an air of authority.

1 dare not give them the auihorifative title of
aphoiifms, which yet may make a reafonable mora!
yrognofiick. TVottcn.

The mock aufhoritathve manner of the one, and
the infipid mirth of the other. Stviffs Examiner.
AuTHo'RiTATiVELY.aa'i'. [from autho-
ritati've.]

1 . In an authoritative manner ; with a
ihew of authority.

2. With due authority.

No law foreign binds in EnglanJ, till it be re-
ceived, and authoritatively engrafted, into the law
of England. Hale.

Autho'ritativeness. n.f. [from aa-
thoritati've.] An afting by authority ;
authoritative appearance. Z);V?.

Autho'rity. ii.f. [auiSoritas, Lat.]

1 . Legal power.

Idle old man.
That ftill would manage thofe authorities
That he hath given away ! Shakefp. K. Lear.

Adam's fovereignty, that by virtue of being pro-
prietor ofthe wholeworld, he had any authority over
men, could not have been inherited by any of his
children. Locke.

2. Influence ; credit.

Power arifing from ftrength, is always in thofe
that are governed, who arc many : but authority
arifing from opinion, is in thofe that govern, who
are few. Temple.

Tiic woods are fitter to give rules than titles.

A U T

where thofe that call themfelves civil and rational,
go out of their way, by the autboriij of example.

Lccke*

3. Power; rule.

I know, my lord.
If law. authority, and pow'r deny not.
It will go hard with poor Antonio. Shale^are,
But 1 fuffer not a woman to teach, nor to ulurp
authority over the man, but to be in iilence.

I Tim. ii. u.

4. Support ; juftification ; countenance.

Doft thou eipcQ th' authority of their voices,
Whofe filent wills condemn thee ? Ben Jmjem.

5. Teftimony.

Something I have heard of this, which I would
be glad to find by fo fweet an authority confirmed.

mdney^

We urge authorities in things that need not, and
introduce the teftimony of ancient writers, to con-
firm things evidently believed. Brow.'s f^ulg.Err,

Having been fo hardy as to undertake a charge
againft the phllofnphy of the fthools, I was liable
to have been overborne by a torrent oi authorities.
Gianville^s Scepfis*

6. Weight of teftimony ; credibility ; co-
gency of evidence.

They confider the main confent of all the
churches in the whole world, \vitneifing the facred
authority of fcriptures. ever fitheiicc the lirft publi-
cation thereof, even till this prcfent day and hour.

Hooker,
Authoriza'tion. n.f. \_(tom authorixe.]
Eftablifhment by authority.

The obligation of laws aril'es not from their
matter, but from their admiffion and reception,
and authorization in this kingdom. Hale>

To Au'thorize. v. a. [cttitorifer, Fr.]

1. To give authority to any perfon.

Making herfelf an impudent fuitor, authorizing
herfelf very much, with making us fee, that all
favour and power depended upon her. Sidney*

Deaf to complaints, they wait upon the ill.
Till fome fafe crifis authorize their /kill. Dryden,

2. To make any thing legal.

Yourfelf firft made that titie which I claim,
Firft bid me love, and authcrisi'd my fiame. Dryd*

1 have nothing farther to defire.
But Sancho's leave to authorize our marriage.

Dryden*

To have countenanced in him irregularity, and
difobedience to that light which he had, would
have been, to have authorized diforder, confufion,
and wickednefs, in his creatures. Locke*

3. To eftablifh any thing by authority.

Lawful it is to devile any cereminy, and to au*
thorize any kind of regimen, no fpccial command-
ment being thereby violated. Hoskcr,

Thofe forms are beft which have been longcil
received and authorized in a nation by cutlom and
ufc. Temple*

4. To juftify ; to prove a thing to be right.

AH virtue lies in a power of denying our own
defires, where reafon does not authorize them.

Locke.

5. To give credit to any perfon or thing.

Although their intention be fincere, yet doth it
notorioufly ftrengthen vulgar errour, and autherixt
opinions injurious unto truth. BrovJn^syuig. Err*

Be a perfon in vogue with the multitude, he
ftiall authorize any nonfcnfc, and make incoherent
ftuff, feafoned with twang and tautology, pafs for
rhetorlck. South*

AuTo'crASY. ». f. [auTsxjaTJia, from
(itPT©-, felf, and K^a-©-, power.] Inde~
pendent power ; fupremacy.

Autocra'phical. adj. [irota autogra-
phy.] Of one's own writing. Di3.

Autography, n.f. [iinoyoapat, from
ctuTOf, and yfaipw, to write.] A particu-
lar perfon's own writing ; or the origi-
nal of a treatife, in oppofition to a copy.
Automa'ti.-

A U X

AuTOM a'tical. adj. [from «a«»«/t/e».]
Belonging to an automaton ; having the
power of moving itfelf.

Auto'maton. n. f. [a^Tof<.«Tot. In the
plural, automata.] A machine that hath

I J the fower of motion within itfelf, and

which Hands in need pf no foreign affift-
j ance. ^incy.

1 For it is greater to underhand the art, whereby

the Almighty governs the motions of the greac
autcmaton, than to have learned the intrigues of
policy. G/ami/le's Scejjis.

The particular circumllances for which the au-
tomata of this kind are moft eminent, may be
reduced to four. fViik'wj,

Auto'matous. adj. [from automaton.']
Having in itfelf the power of motion.

Clocks, or automarra^ organs, whereby we diftin-
guifii of time, have no mention in ancient writers.
Brcwtl^s yul^ar Errours.

Auto'nom Y. »./. [i.vrc,tnf/.{a.] The living
according to one's mind and prefcrip-
tion. Did.

A'uTOPsy. »,/. [ivTo^U.] Ocular de-
monllration ; feeing a thing one's felf.

^incy.

In thofc that have forked tails, autopjy convin-

ceth us, that it hath this ufe. Ray im the Crrathn.

AvTo'pT\CAL. adj. [from autof.y.] Per-
ceived by one's own eyes.

Au t o'p t I c a l l y. ad-v. [from autoptical. ]
By means of one's own eyes.

Were this Uue, it would autoftically lilence that
difpute. Br<.ivn.

That the galaxy is a meteor, was the account
of Ariftotle ; but the telelcope hath auioftkal/y
confuted it : and he, who is not Pyrthonian enough
to the dilbelief of his fenfes, may fee that it is no
exhalation. G.'anfille't Scrpfi:

A'uTUMN. n./. [autumnus, Lat.] The
feafon of the year between fumraer and
winter, beginning allronomically at the
equinox, and ending at the folftice ; po-
pularly, autumn comprifes Augull, Sep-
tember, and Oftober.

For 1 will board her, though flie chide as loud
As thunder, when the clouds in autumn crack.

^haitjpeare.

I would not be over-confident, till he hath pafled

a fpring or autumn. Wijcman'x Surgery.

The flarving brood,
Void of fufficient fuftenance, will yield
A (lender autumn. Pb'tlipt,

Autumn, nodding o'er the yellow plain,
Comei jovial on. Thomfcn.

All rv' MUM.. adj. [from autumn.'] Belong-
ing to autumn ; produced in autumn.

No Spring or fummcr's beauty hath fuch grace,
As I have feen in one autumnal face. Dinne.

Thou /halt not long
Rule In the clouds ; like an autumnal ftar,
Or lightning, thou fljalt fall. Miltcn.

Bind now up yout autumnal flowers, to prevent
fudden gufts, which will proftrate all. Eve/yn.

Not the fair fruit that on yon branches glows
With that ripe red tit' autumnal fun bellows.

Pefr.
Avu'lsion. It./, [a-vuljto, Lat.] The aft
of pulling one thing from another.

Spare not the little offjjrings, if they grow
Redundant ; but the thronging clufters thin
By kind atu-fim. Pbirtft.

The prcfTure of any ambient fluid can be nu
intelligible caufe of ihecohefion of matter; though
fuch a p-etTu e may hinder the a-vutfir.n of two po-
fiflied fuperficies one from another, in a line per-
prnHifuh'- to them. Lockt.

tJVXE'SIS. n.J. [Latin.] An increafing;
an exoinauon, wlien, lor amplification,

A W A

a more grave and magnificent word is
put inllead of the proper word.

Smith's Rhetortck.
Auxi'li AR. 1 adj. [from aa.i:;7/'aOT, Lat.]
Auxi'li ARY. J Affiltant ; helping; con-
federate.

The giant brood.
That fought at Thebes and Ilium on each fide,
Mix*d with auxiliar gods. Milton'i Par. Lrji.

Their traftates are Vittlc auxiliiiry unto ours, nor
afFord us any light to detenebrate this truth.

Brvtun's Vulgar Errours.

There is not the fmalieft capillary vein but it

is prefent with, and auxiliary to it, according to

its ufc. Hales Origin of Mankind.

Nor from -his patrimonial heav'n aline
Is Jove content to pour his vengeance down ;
Aid from his brother of the feas he craves.
To help him with auxiliary waves. Dryden.

Auxi'liar. \n.f. \iTomauxilium,\.,2il.]
Auxi'li A RY. J Helper j afllftant ; confe-
derate.

In the ftrcngth of that power, he might, with-
out the auxilidriis of any further influence, have
determined his will to a full choice of God. Scuth.

There are, indeed, a fort of underling auxiliaries
to the difficulty of a work, called commentators
and criticks. Pope.

Auxiliary Verb. A verb that helps to
conjugate other verbs.

In almuft all languages, fome of the commoneft
nf'Uns and verbs have many irregularities} fuch arc
the common auxiliary verbs, to be and to hwue, to do
and to be done, &c. IVatts.

AuxiLi a'tion. n. f. [from auxiliatus,
Lat.] Help ; aid ; fuccour. Did.

To Awa'it. -v. a. [from a and aua//. See
Wait.]

1 . To expeft ; to wait for.

Even as the wTCtch condemnM to lofe his life
Awaits the falling of the murJ'ring knife. Fairfax.

Betwixt the rocky pillars Gabriel fat.
Chief of th'argeli;k guards, <i«i<a«m^ night. Milt.

2. To attend ; to be in ftore for.

To fliew thee what reward
Awaits the good ; the reft, what punifhment.

Alil!on.
Unlefs his wrath be, apprafed, an eternity of
torments aiuaiis tire objcfts of his difpleafure.

Rogers.

Awa'it. H./. [from the verb.] Ambuih.
See Wait.

And Icaft mlfhap the moft blifs alter may ;
For thoufand perils lie in dofe await

About us daily, to work our decay. Sfen/er.

To Awa'ke. 'V. a. [peccian. Sax.] To
aivaie has the [ reterite aiuoke, or, as we
now more commonly fpeak, a'waked.]

I . To roufe out of fleep.

Take heed.
How you awake our fie eprng Iword of war. Sbake/jp.
Our friend Laz:irus lleepeth ; but I go that 1
may ati-ake him out of fleep. Johny xi. 1 1.

I. To raife from any ftate refembling fleep.
H.irk, hark, the horrid found

Has raised up his he.td :

As atvayd from tlic dead,
And amazd, he flares rounl. Dryd. St. Cacilia.

3. To put into new aftiun.

The fpark of noble corragc now awake.
And llrivc your excellent felt to excel. F. Siuten.

The fair
Repairs her fmiles, a-waktns cv'ry grace.
And calls forth all the wonders of her face. Pofe.
To Awa'ke. -v. n. To break from fltep ;
to ccafe to fleep,

Alack, I am afraid thty Vivtawak'd,
And 'tis not done I Sbakefp. Macbeth.

I awaked up lad of all, as one that gatheretn
after the grape- jath<yers. Ecduu xxxiii. 16.

A W A

Awa'ke. adj. [from the verb.] Not being
afleep ; not fleeping.

Imagination is like to work better upon fleeping
men, than men a'tvake. Baccn*

Cares (hall not keep him on the throne aivake.
Nor break the golden flumbers he would take.

Dryden.

ToAwa'ken. <v. a. i.nd.'v.n. The fame

with A-wake.

Awake Argantyr, Hervor the only daughter
Of thee and Suafu doth awaken thee. Hiekeu

To Aw.\'rd. f. a. [derived by Skinner,
fomewhat improbably, from peapb. Sax.
towards.] To adjudge ; to give any
thing by a judicial fentence.

A pound of that fame merchant's flefh is thine;
The court awards it, and the law doth give it.

Stakcffeare,

It advances that grand bufinefs, and according
to which their eternity hereafter will be atvardeJ.

Decay of Piety,

A church which allows falvation to none with-
out it, nor aivards damnation to almo.l any within-
it. South*

Satlsfadlion for every affront cannot be atvarded
by ftatcd laws. Collier on Du, Uing.

To Awa'rd. 'V. n. To judge; to deter-
mine.

1 h' unwife award to lodge it in the tow'rs.
An ofl"'ring facrcd. P-ife's OdyjTey,-

Awa'rd. »./. [from the verb.] Judg-
ment; fentence; determination.

Now hear th' award, and happy m»y it prove
To her, and him who bell deferves her love.

Dryden.'

AffcAion bribes the judgment, and we cannot

expedl an equitable award, where the judge is

made a party. Glawjille.

To urge the fbe.
Prompted by blind revenge and wild defpair.
Were .to refufe th' a*wards of Prov idence.

Addijon's Caf<.

Awa're. adv. [from a, and ivare, an old
word for tautious ; it is however, per-
haps, zxiadjeilive ; jepapian, Sax ] Ex-
cited to caution ; vigilant ; in a ftate of
alarm ; attentive.

Ere I was aware, I had left myfelf nothing 'out

the name of a king. Sidt:ey.-

Ere forrow was aware, they made his thoughti

bear away foniething elfe befides his own forrow,

Sidney's Arcadia.-

Temptations of profperit)" rnfrnuate themfclves;

fo that we are but little aware of them, and lefs-

able to vvirhftand them. Atterburv,

To Aw a' Hi. V. n. To beware; to 6e
cautious.

So warn'd he them awart themfelves ; and
Inflant, without diflurb, they took alarm.

Paradifc Lo/I,

This pafTage is by others underftood
thus : He warned thofe, who were atuare,
of themfelves.
Awa'y. ad-v. [apej, Saxon.]

1 . In a ftate of abfence ; not in any partL-
cular place.

They could make

Love to yourdrefs, although your face were tf^ViTy.

Btn Jonfon's Cataline*

It is impoUIWe to know properties that are fr»

annexed to it, th.it any of them being away, that

efTcr.ce is not there. Locke*

2. From any place or perfon^

I have a. pa n u])on my forehead here
— Wiiy that's with watching ; 'twill away again.

Slakcfpeare*

When the fowls came down upon the carcafes,

Abiaha.n drove them a-way a^jain. Gen.xv. ij.

Woul 1 you yjuljj and beauty flay.
Love hath wings, and will away. Waller,

Summer funs rolt unpcrceiv'd atcay. Pofe,

3. Let

A W F

5. Ler us go.

^lujy, old mui; give me thy band ; noay;
Kiog Lear hath loft, he and his daughter ta'cn ;
Give me thy band. Comeoa. Sbaluff.KingLair.

4. Begone.

Jhvsy, an J glifter like the god of war,
When he intendeth to become the fifld.

Sbaiifprarc's King John.

I'll to the wwds among the happier brutes :

Come, let 's tnaay ; hark, the fliriU horn refounds.

. Smifh't Phadra and Hiffoliiut.

ylv)ay, you flact'rcr I

Norchareehisgen'rous meaning. Roiae'sJ.Sbore.

5. Out of one's own hands; into the power
of fomething elfe.

It c )ncerns every man, who will not trifle away
his foul, and fo'l himfelf into irrecoicraSle mi-
fery, to enquire intu thefe matters. Tilbtfin,

6. It is often ufed with a verb ; as, to drink
anvay an eflate ; to idle aivay a manor ;
that is, to drink or idle till an eAate or
manor is gone.

He p'ay'd his life atoay* Pope,

7. On the way ; on the road : perhaps
this is the original import of the fol-
lowing phrafe.

Sir Valentine, whitiier atuay fo fad ? Shaicjf.

8. Perhaps the phrafe, he cannot aivay ivitk,
may mean, he cannot traneliiuith; he can-
not bear the company.

She never could atuay with me. Never,

never ! (he would always fay, (he could ,iot abide
Matter Shallow, Stjifffeiirj.

9. Aiuay luith. Throwaway; take away.

If you dare think of deferving our cliarms,
Aioay •with your (heephooks, and take to your
arms. DryJm.

, AWE. n.f. [eje, oj^a, Saxon.] Reveren-
' tial fear ; reverence.

They all be br; ugfit up idly, without aioe of
parents, without precepts of mailers, and without
fear of ofl^erce. Sftnjer's State af Ireland.

This thought filed upon him who is only to be
feared, G.vd : and yet with a filial fear, which at
the fame time botli fears and loves. It was avie
without amazement, and dread without di(tra6Hon.

South.

What is the proper aviie and fear, which is dur
from man to God ? Rogers.

To Awe. -v. a. [from the noun.] To ftrike
with reverence, or fear ; to keep in
fubjedion.

If you will wpik on any man, you mult eithci
know his nature and faOiIons, and fo lead him;
or his ends, and fo perfuade him; or his weak-
ne(rc8 And difadvantages, and fo anve him ; or
thofe that have interelt in him, and fo govern him.

Bacon.
Why then was this forbid ? Why, but to eioet-
Why, bu; to keep you low and ignorant.
His wur.liippers ? Mi/tor

Beav'n, that hath plac'd this ifland to give law;
To balance Europe, and her (tates to aive- fVailer
The rods and yxes of princes, and their depu-
ties, mayaw> m^ry into obedience; but thefame
of t'leir goodnefs, jiiltice, and other virtue., will
work on more. A'frhury.

A'w B B A N D . n. / [from aiue and band. ] A
check. Di£i.

A'wpuL. adj. [from (Jifi? andy*//.]
I. That which itrikes with awe, or fills
with reverence.

S ■ onofm. that '.vith honour thou may'it love
Thy matei who Ices, when iti >u art fe-n lealt wfe.
Millont Paradlfc Loji.
I approach the; thus, and gaze
. Infatiate ; 1 thus huge; nor liav' feared
Thy tiivftti Dio«, m >fe atvful thus (eti''d,
F^i-elt i -I Ttii'.af.ce of hy Miker fair ! Mth v
S. Worftjipful! inrtuthority; inverted with
dignity. Tills lenle is obfulcte.

A W K

Know, then, that fome of us are gentlemen.
Such as the fury of ungovcrn'd youth
Thrufl from the ci.mpany of av.'fut men. Shakt^f.

3. Struck with awe ; timorous ; fcrupu-
lous. This fenl'e occurs but rarely.

It is not nature and I'rltt reafon, but a weak
and a»ryi// reverence for antiquity, and the vogu.
of fallible men. Watn.

A'wFui.LY. ad'v. [from aiv/ul.'\ In a re-
verential manner.

It will concern a man, to treat this great prin-
ciple atvfully and warily, by (till obferving what
it commands, butcfpecially what it forbids. South.

A'wFULNESs. n.f. [fromatv/ul.]

1. The quality of ftriking with awe;
folemnity.

Thefe objeils naturally raife ferioufnefs; and
night heightens the aiufulmji of the place, and
pours out her fupernumerary horrours upon every
thing. ^ AddifoK.

2. The ftate of being ftruck with awe :
little ufed.

An help to prayer, producing in us reverence
and awfulnefs to the divine majiffy of God.

tayhrt Rule of Huhig holy.

To Awha'pe. "v. a. [This word I have
met with only in Spenjer, nor can 1 dif-
cover whence it is derived ; but ima-
gine, that the Teutonic language had
anciently txiapen, to ftrike, or fome fuch
word, from which -weapons, or offenfive
arms, took their denomination.] To
ftrike ; to confound ; to terrify.

Ah ! my dear goflip, anfwer'd then the ape.
Deeply d » your fad words my v/'its aivhafe .
Both for becaufe your grief doth great appear.
And eke becaufe myfelf am touched near.

HuUerd's Tale.

Awhi'le. ad'z'. [This word, generally re-
puted an adverb, is only a luhile, that is,
a time, an interval.] Some time ; fome
fpace of time.

Stay, (iay, I fay ;
And if you love me, as you fay you do.
Let me peifuade you to forbear aivbite. Sbakefp.

Into this wild abyfs the wary fiend
Stood on the brink of hell, and lonk'd anvhile.
Pond'ring his voyage. Alihdns Paradife LoJ}.

AwK. adj. [ A barbarous contrailion of the
word aniukivard.'] Odd ; out of order.

We have heard as arrant jangling in the pul-
pits, as the (leeples ; and profelTors ringing as aivh
as the bells to give notice of the conflagi a. ion.

VEflrange.

A'wKWARD. adj. [aepanb, Saxon; that is,

backward, untoward.]
I. Inelegant; unpolite ; untaught; un-

genteel.

Proud Italy,
Whofe manners (till our tardy, apifli nation
Limps alter in bafe anvktvard imitation. Shahfp.

Their own language is worthy their care ; and
rhey are judged of by their handfome ox aiukivard
way of exprcliing themfelves in it. Locke.

An atvktvard (hame, or fear of ill ufage, has a
(hare in this conduct. Swift'

z. Unready; unhandy; not dexterous;
clumfy.

Si -w to rcfolvc, but in performance quick;
So true, that he Wisaiv^tvard at a trick. Dryden.

3. Perverfe ; untoward.

A kind and cnnftant friend
To all that regularly olfcna ;
But W.1S implacable, and atuktvard.
To ail that interlop'd and h.i"ii<r'd. Hudibrai.
A'wKWARDLY. adv. [from atvi-ivard.]
Clumfily; unreadily ; inek-gantly ; un-
gainly.
Pametai nodding from the walle upwards, and

A W O

fwearing he never knew a man go more evikvtarJly
to work. Sidney.

When any thing is done avihwardly, the com-
mon faying will pafs upon them, that it is fuiiable
to their breeding. Locke,

If any pretty creature is void of genius, and
would pcrtorm her part but a'wkiuartiiy, I mud
ncverthelefs infilt upon her working. yiddifon.

She (till renews the ancient fcene ;
Forgets the forty j-ears between ;
jliokwardly gay, and oddly merry;
Her (carf pale pink, her head-knot cherry. Prior,

If a man be taught to hold his pen atukxvardiyf
yet writes fulBciently well, it is not worthwhile
to teach him the accurate methods of handling that
inftrument. H^alti'i Improvement 0/ the MM.

A'WKWARDNESS. »./. [ftom a'wk-ward.'\
Inelegance ; want of gentility ; odd-
nefs ; unfuitablenefs.

One m >y obferve awkzvardne/s !o the Italians,
which eafily difcovcrs their airs not to be natural.

jiddijcn.

All his airs of behaviour have a certain aiok-
•teardnffi in them ; but theft awkward airs ate
worn away in company.

fyttrts's Impnvetr.ent of the Mind.

AwL. n. f. [aele, ale. Sax.] A pointed
inftrument to bore holes. .»

He which was minded to make himfelf a per-
petual fcrvant, ihauld, for a vilible token there-
of, have aUu his ear bored through with an avil.

Hooker..

You may likcwife prick many holes with aa

awl, about a joint that will lie in the earth. '

Alortinier' s Hujhandry.

A'wLEss. adj. [from awe, and the nega-
tive lei}.']

1. Wanting reverence; void of refpeft-
ful fear.

Againft whofe fury, and the unmatched force,
The awlefs lion could not wage the fight. Sbakefp,

He claims the bull with aiuleft infolence.
And having feiz'd his horns, accoAs the prince.

Diydcn.

2. Wanting the power of caufmg rever-
ence.

Ah mc.l 1 fee the ruin of my houfe ;
The tyger now hath feiz'd the gentle hind i
Inlulcing tyranny begins to jut
Upon the iimocent and awleh throne.

Sh^ikfp. Rich. III.

AwME, or AuME. n. /. A Dutch meafure
of capacity for liquids, containing eight
fteckans, or twenty verges or verteels ;
anfwering to what in England is called
a tierce, or one-fixth of a ton of France,
or one-feventh of an Englilh ton.

Arbuthnot.

AwN. n.f. [«r//?a, Lat.] The beard grow-
ing out of the corn or grafs. Chambers.

A'wNiNG. n.f. A cover fpread over a
boat or veflel, to keep off the weather.

of thefe boards I made an a'wning over jne.

Rab.nfon Crufee.

Awo'k e. The preterite from atuake.

And (he fai J, th^ Phililtines be upon thee, Samp-
fon. And he uiu^ke out of his (leep.

Judgts, xvi. 20.

Awo'rk. ad'v. [from (T and ti/cr^.] On
work ; into a ftate of labour ; into a£Uon.

So af.e. Pyrihus" paufe,
Aroufed vengeance fets him new awork. Sbakefp.
By prcfcribing the condition, it fets us awirk
to t!ie pcrtormaiiccs of it, and that by living well.

Hammond,

Awo'rking. adj. [from anaork.] Into the
ftate of working.

L.iig they thus travelled, yet never met
Adventure which might them uworking f't.

Huhherd's Tale.

Awry'.

A X I

Awry', adv, [from a and at'ry.]

I. Not in a ftraight direftion ; obliquely.

But her lad cy ,, Ibii fall'r.ed r,n the ground,
Arc governed with ^o d:y modefty ;
That fu9crs not one look to glance atiiry.
Which may let in a litje thought unlound.

Like perfpeai\e8, which rightly gaz'd upon,
Shew nothing but confufial j eyed awry,
Diftinguift form. Shaicff. Rchardll.

A viole it croi's wind, from either coaft.
Blows thenri tranfveiie, ten thouiand leagues mvry
Into the devious aT, MUtcn*

t. Aiquint ; with obliqne viCon.

\ ou know the king
Wi :h jea'ous eyes has look'd awry
Oil h'S ion'i adtions. Dertbam'i So[>hy^

3. Not in the right or true diretlion.

1 hap to ftep ^ivryt where i fee no path, and can
difcsm but few fteps afore me. Brernvaod,

4. Not equally between two points ; un-
evenly.

Not tyrants fierce that unrepenting die.
Not Cynthia when her manceau 's plnnM aviryy
Ere felt fuch rage. Pcpt,

5. Not according to right reafon ; per-
verfely.

AU aiurSf and which wried it to the moft wry
courfe of all, wit abufed, rather to feign reafon
why it ihould be amifs, than how it ihould be
amended. Sidney.

Much of the foul they talk, but all atory.
And in themfelves feek virtu«, and to tbemlelves
All glory arrogate, to God give none. Milton.

Axe. n.f. [eax, acj-e. Sax. a/cia. Lat.]
An inftrument confifting of a metal head,
with a (harp edge, fixed in a helve or
handle, to cut with.

-No metal can,
No, not the hangman's axt, bear half the keennefs
Of thy fliarp envy. Shakeffiare.

There ftood a foreft on the mountain's brow,
Which overlook'd the (haded plains below ;
No founding axe prefum'd thefe trees to bite.
Coeval with the world ; a venerable fi^ht.

Drydtn.
AXTLLA. n.f. [axilla, Lat.] The ca-
vity under the upper part of the arm,
called the arm-pit. i^mcy.

Axi'liar. ladj. [from a;v///<j, Lat.] Be-
A'xiLLARY. J longing to the arm-pit.

Axillary artery is diCr.buied unto the hand;
belr.w the cubit, it divideth into two parts. Brrmin.

A'xiOM. »./ [ajcitma, Lat. a^iufta, from

a^Uuf Gr.]
I. A propofition evident at firft fight, that

AYE

cannot be made plainer by demonftra-
tion.

Axioms, or principles more general, are fuch as
this, tiut the greater good is to be chofcn bef re
the lefler. H.^k.r.

2. An eftabli(hed principle to be granted
without new proof.

The axiomi oi chat law, whereby natural agen*s
are guided, have their ufe in the moral. Hcoker.

Their afhrmations are no axiomi \ we efteem
thereof as things unfaid, and account them but
in lift oi nothing. Brown.

A'xis. »./ [axis, La.t.] The line real or
imaginary that partes through any thing,
on which it may revolve.

But fince they fay our earth, from mom to mom.
On its own axis is obiigM to turn ;
That fwift rotation muft difperfe in air
All things which on the rapid orb appear.

Slackmcre.

It might annually have compafled the fun, and
yet never have once turned upon its axis. Btntley.

On th"ir own axii as the planets run.
And make at once their circ.e round the fun ;
So two confiftent motions a£l the foul.
And one regards itfclf, and one the wh.le. Pope.

A'xLE. X"-/- [axis, Lat.] The

A'xLE-TREE. J pin which paffes through
the midft of the wheel, on which the
circumvolutions of the wheel arc per-
formed.

Venerable Neftor
Should with a bond of air, ftrong as the axte-tree
On which heav'n rides, knit all the Grecian ears
To his eiperienc'd tongue. Shakeffeare.

The fly fat upon the axle-tree, of the chariot-
wheel, and faid. What a durt do I raife I Bacon,
And the gilded car of day
His glowing axle doth allay
In the fteep Atlantick rtream. Itfilton,

He faw a greater fun appear,
Than his bright throne or burning axle-tree could
bear. MUion's Chriji's Nativity,

Ay. ati-v. [perhaps from aio, Lat.]

1. Yes; &n ad'verl) of anfwering affirma-
tively.

Return you thither ?— —
—Ay, madam, with the fwifcell wing of fpeed.

Shakefpeare.

What fay'ft thou ? Wilt thou be of ourconfort .'
Sav ay, and be the captain of us all. ShakeCfcaie.

2. It is a word by which the fenfe is en-
forced ; even; yes, certainly; and more
than that.

Remember it, and let it make thee creft faU'n;
Ay, and allay this thy abonive pride. Stakejfei^re.

Aye.- ai/v. [apa, Saxon.] Always ; to

A Z U

eternity ; for ever. It is now rarely ufed,
and only in poetry.

And jiowin darklome flungeon, wretched thraU,
Rtmedylefi i'tu- ay. he doth him hold. Tairy ^een.

Either prepare to die.
Or on Diana's altar to pr^'tei^.
For aye, aufterity and fingle life. Shaiefpeare*

The f lul, th lugh made in time, furvives f )r ayei
And, though it hath beginning, fees no end.

Sir J. Davics*

And hears the mufes, in a ring.
Aye round about Jove's altars fing. Milton*

Th' allinifli'd mariners aye ply the punvp;
No ftay, nor reft, till the wide breach is clos'd.

Philifs.

A'ygreen. n.f. The fame with hoi//i~
leek ; which fee. Dicl.

A'yry. n.f. The neft of the hawk.

1 (h'uld difcourfc on the brancher, ihe haggard,
and then treat of their feveral ayries.

ffalton's Argler,
A'ziMUTH. n.f. [Arab.]

1 . The aximuth of the fun, or of a ftar, is
an arch between the meridian of the
place, and any given vertical line.

2. Magnelical Az,i?nulh, is an arch of the
horizon contained between the fun's
aximuth circle and the mag lelical me-
ridian ; or it is the appaie.it dillance
of the fun from the north or fouth point
of the compafs.

3. Azimuth Compafs, is an inftrument ufe.}
at fea for finding the fun's magnetic
az,imuth.

4. Ax.imuth Dial, is a dial whofe ftile or
gnomon is at right angles to the plane
of the horizon. |

5. Azimuths, called alfo vertical circles,
are great circles interfering each other
in the zenith and nadir, and cutting
the horizon at right angles, in all the
points thereof. Chambers.

Azure, adj. [axttr, Fr. azurro. Span.
lazur, Arab, from lazuli, a blue ftone.]
Blue ; faint blue.

Like pomcls round of marble clear, .
Where axur'd veins well mixt appear. Sidney.

The blue of the firft order, though very faint
and little, may be the colour of fome fubftance ;
and the azure colour of the Ikies feems to be this
order. Newton.

Thus replies
Minerva, graceful with her azure eyes. Pofe,

The fea,
Far through his axure turbulent domalo.
Your empire owns. Thcmfn,

B.

B.

BAB

RThe fecond letter of the Englilh
alphabet, is pronounced as in
y moll other European languages,
by preffing the whole length of the lips
together, and forcing them open with a
ftrong breath. It has a near affinity
with the other labial letters, and is
confounded by the Germans with P.
and by the Gafcons with f^ ; from which
an epigrammatift remarks, that iiiire
and •vi'vere are in Gafcony the fame.
The Spaniards, in mod words, ufe B or
F indifferently.
Baa. «./. [See the verb.] The cry of a
iheep.

—Therefore thou art a flieep
Such another proof would make me cry iaa. Shah.
To Baa. i;. «. [ialo, Lat.] To cry like
a Iheep.

Or like a lamb, whofe dam away is fet,
He treble iraas for help, but none can get. Sidney*
To Ba'bble. V, n, HabbeUn, Germ, ba-
bilhr, Fr.]

1. To prattle like a child ; to prate im-
perfeSly.

My babbl'mg praifes I repeat no more.
But hear, rejoice, ftand filent, and adoie. PnnfM

2. To talk idly, or irrationally.

John had conned over a catalogue of hard
words j thefe he ufed to iaitli indifterently in all
companies. ylrhuthnot.

Let the filent fanftuary Oiow,
What from the babblirtg fchools we may noE know.

Prior,

3. To talk thoughtlefsly ; to tell fecrets.

There is more danger in a referved and i'llent
friend, than in a noify babb/ing enemy. L'Eftrange,

i|.. To talk much.

The babbling Kho mocks the hounds,
Replying flirilly to the well-tun'd horns.
As if a double hunt were heard at one?. Sbatejp.
And had I pow'r to give th.it knowledge birth,
In all the fpeeches of ,he babbling earth. Prior.

The babbling echo had dcfcry'd his face ;
She, who in other's words her filence breaks.

Mdifin.

Ba'bble. «. / [babil, Fr.] Idle talk;
fenfelefs prattle.

This babble (hall not henceforth trouble me ;

Here it a coil with proteftation. Sbake//>eare<

Come, no more,

Thii i< meer moral babble. Milton.

With volleys of eternal babble,

And clamour more unanfwerable. Iludibrai.

The babble, impertinence, and folly, I have

taken notice of in difputes. Glanvitle.

Ba'bblement. «._/. [irom babble."^ Senfe-
lefs prate ; empty words.

Deluded all this while w.th ragged notions and
iab'^Umenti, while they expelled worthy and de-
lightful knowledge.
Babbler. «./ [from babble.]
I. An idle talker ; an irrational prattler.

We h lid our tims too precious to be (pent
With fuch a babbler, Shakejfeare.

BAG

The apoftle had no fooner propofed it to the
mailers at Athens, but he himfelf was ridiculed
as a babbler. Rtgers.

2. A teller of fecrets.

Utterert of fecrets he from thence debarr'd ;
Babbler! of folly, and blazers of crime. Fairy ^
Great babblers, or talkers, are not fit for truft.

L'Eflrange.

Babe. n. /. [baban, Wellh ; babbaerd,
Dutch ; bambino, Italian.] An infant ;
a child of either fex.

Thofe that do teach your babeit
Do it with gentle means, and eafy taflcs j
He might have chid me fo : for, in good faith,
1 am a child to chiding. Shakefpeare.

Nor fliall Sebaflian's formidable name
Be longer us'd, to lull the crying babe. Dryden.

The babe had all that infant care beguiles.
And early knew his mother in her fmiles. Dryd.

Ba'bery. n.f. [from babe.] Finery to
pleafe a babe or child.

So have I fccn trim books in velvet dight.
With golden leaves and painted babery
Of feely boys, pleale unacquainted fight. Sidney.
Ba'bish. ailj. [frova babe.] Chiidifh.
]f he be baihful, and will foon blulh, they call
him a bahijh and ill brought up thing. AJciam.
Babo'on. n. /. [babouht, Fr. It is fup-
pofed by Skinner to be the augmentation
oi babe, and to import a. great babe.] A
monkey of the largell kind.

You had looked through the grate like a gemlny
of baboons. Shakefpeare.

He call every human feature out of his coun-
tenance, and became a baboon. Addijln.

Ba'by. n.f. [See Babe.]

1. A child; an infant.

The baby beats the nurfe, and quite athwart
Goes all decorum. Shakefpeare.

The child muft have fugar-plums, rather than
make the poor baby cry. Lockf.

He muft marry, and propagate: the father can-
not ftay for the portion, nor the mother for babes
to play with. Locke.

2. A fmall image in imitation of a child,
which girls play with.

The archduke f.iw that Perkin weald prove a
runnagate ; and it was the part ofxchildren to
fall out about babies. Bacon.

Since no imyge can reprefent the great Creator,
never think to honour him by your fuoliih pup-
pets, and babies of dirt and clay. Stiilingjieet.
Ba'ccated. «<^'. [baccatusy'Li.t.] Befet
with pearls ; having many berries. Diii.
Bacch an a'li AN. n.f. [from bacchana-
lia, Lat.] A riotous perlon ; a drunk-
ard.
Ba CCHANALS. n. f. \bacchanaUa, Lat.]
The drunken feails and revels of Bac
chus, the god of wine.

Ha, my brave emperor, (hall we dance now the
Egyptian iacchanah, and celebrate our drink ? Shak.
What wild tury was there in the heathen bac-
chanals, which we have not feen equalled }

Decay of Piety.
Both extremes were banlih'd from their walls,
Cartbufian fafts, and fulfomc bacchanuis. Pope.

BAC

Ba'cchus bole. n.f. A flower not tall,
but very full and broad-leaved. Mortim.

Bacci'ferous. adj. [from bacca, a berry,
aw&fero, to bear, Lat.] Berry-bearing.

Bacciferous trees are of four kinds.

1. Such as bear a caliculate or naked berry ; the
flower and calix both failing off together, and
leaving the berry bare ; as the faflafras trees.

2. Such as have a naked monofpermous fruit,
that is, containing in it only one feed ; as the
arbutes.

3. Such as hare but polyfpermous fruit, that Is,
containing two or more kernels or feeds within it;
as the jeTminum, ligultrum.

4. Such as have their fruit compofed of many
acini, or round foft balls fet clofe together like a
bunch of grapes ; as the uva marina. Ray.

Bacci'vorous. adj. [from bacca, a berry,
and i>i>ro, to devour, Lat.] Devouring
berries. Di£}.

Ba'chelor. n. /. [This is a word of
very uncertain etymology, it not being
well known what was its original fenfe.
Junius derives it from ^i.r.ri\®', foolilh ;
Menage, from bas chevalier, a knight of
the lowed rank ; Spelman, from baculus,
a ftaff ; Citjas, from buccella, an allow-
ance of provifion. The moft probable
derivation feems to be from bacca /auras,
the berry of a laurel or bay ; bachelors
being young, are of good hopes, like
laurels in the berry. Dr. Lawrence ob-
ferved, ih-ax. Menage' s etymology is much
confirmed by the pradice in our univer-
fities of calling a Bachelor, Sir. In
Latin, baccalaureus .]

1 . A man unmarried.

Such fcparation
Becomes a virtuous bachekr and a maid. Shakejfi*

The haunting of diiTolute places, or refort to
courtefans, are no more puniihed in married men
than in bachfhrs. Bacon,

A true painter naturally delights in the liberty
which belongs to th; bachelor'^ eftate. Dryden.

Let fmful bachelors their woes deplore.
Full well they merit alt they (eel, and more. Pope,

2. A man who takes his firft degrees at
the unlverfity in any profeffion.

Being a boy, new bachd^r of arcs, 1 chanced to

fpeak againft the pope. Ajcham.

1 appear before y.tur honour, in behalf of Marti-

nus Scrihierus, bachelor of phyfic. A4art. Scilhlerus.

2. A knight of the loweit order. This is

a fenfe now little ufed.
Ba'chelorship. n.f. [frarr^ bachelor.]

The condition of a bachelor.

Her mother, living yet, tan teftify.
She was the firit fruit of my bachelorship. Shakefp,

BACK. »./. [bac, baec. Sax. bach. Germ.]
I . The hinder part of the body, from the
neck to the thighs.

Part following enter, part remain without,
And mount on others backs, in h'pcs to Ihare.

Dryden,

2. The

BAG

t. The outer part of the hand when it
is (hut : oppofed to the fa/m.

Mechiught love, pitying me, when he faw this,
Gave me your hands, the lacks and palms Co kifs.

Donne,

3. The outward part of the body; that
which requires clothes : oppofed to the

Thofe who, by their anceftors, have been fet free
from a conllant drudgery to their tacks and their
bellies, Ihould bellow fome time on iheir heads.

Locke,

4. The rear : oppofed to the 'vci/i.

He might conclude, that Walter would be upon
the k.ing'sJ/ackt as his majcHy was upon his. Clarend,

5. The place behind.

As the voice goeth round, as well towards the
hack as towards the front of him that fpealccth, To
docs the echo : for you have many hack echoes to
the place where you ftand. Bacon.

Anthcus, Sergeftus grave, Clcanthus llrong.
And at their hacks a mighty Trojan throng. Pryd.

6. The part of any thing out of fight.

Trees fet upon the hachs of chlmnies Jo ripen
fruit fooner. Bacon s Natural Hifiory.

7. The thick part of any tool oppofed to
the edge ; as the back of a knife or
fword : whence back/ivord, or fword with
a back ; as.

Bull dreaded not old I.ewis either at hackfiuord,
Hngle faulchion, or cudgel-play. Arbuthnot,

8. To turn the back on one ; to forfake
him, or negleft him.

At the hour of death, all friendjhips of the world
bid him adieu, and tlie whole creation turns its
hack upon him. S-jufh.

9. To turn the back ; to go away ; to be
not within the reach of taking cogni-
zance.

His hack was no fooner turned, but they returned
to their former rebellion, Sir^» Dai'ics.

Back. adv. [from the noun.]

1. To the place from which one came.

Back you IhaJ not to the houfe, untefs
Vou undertake that with me. Sbukejp/ari.

He fent many to feck the fliip Argo, threatening
that if they brought not back Medea, they Ihould
fufter in he Head. Raleigh's HJiory of the IforlJ.

Where they are, and why they came not back.
Is nosv the labour of my thoughts. Mi/lon.

Back to thy native iHand might'H thou fail.
And lea\e half-heard the melancholy tale. fife.

2. Backward ; as retreating from the pre-
fent ftation.

I've been furprij'd in an unguarded hour,
But muft not now go back ; the love, that lay
Half fmoihei'd in my breajl, has broke through all
Its weak reftraintf. Addijon.

3. Behind ; not coming forward.

I thought to promote thee unto gicat Iionour;

but lo the Lord hath k'pt thee back from honour.

Numh- xxiv. 1 1.

Conftrain the glebe, keep tack the hurtful wjed.

Blackn:ore.

4. Towards things part.

I had always a tuiioU;y to look back unto the
fources of things, and to view in my mind the b.'
ginning and progrcu of a r iing world. Burnet,

J. Again ; in return.

Tne 1.1 ly '« ma.; ; yet if "twcre fo,
She could not fw y her houf,-, command her fol-
lowers,
Tjk'J ami g.vr hack .iffairi, and their difpatch.
With fttcb a fmuoth, decreet, and liable bearing.

Shakejfearc,

6. Again ; a fecond time.

This ';alar found, and that ua^ratefut aj'*,
With lofing him, went i<»< * to bl'iod and raijr. h'alUr.

The epiltlei Be.ng written rro.ii ladies forfikcn
by t!\rir lovers, many thoughts caioe back n-on m
in divcri letteti. Vrydtti.

Vol. I. J

B A C

To Back. v. a. [from the noun Uck.]

1. To mount on the back of horfe.

That roan Ihall be my throne.
Well, I will hack him ftrait. © Efperance !
Bid Butler lead him forth into the park. Shakefp.

2. To break a horfe ; to train him to bear
upon his back.

Uireft us how to back the winged horfe ;
Favour his (light, and moderate his courfe.

Rofcommon,

3. To place upon the back.

As I flept, methought
Great Jupiter, upon his eagle back'd,
Appeai'd to me. Sbakeffearc,

4. To maintain ; to ftrengthen ; to fupport ;
to defend.

Belike he means,
Back'd by the povv'r of Warwick, that falfc peer,
T' afpire unto the crown. Hhakeffeare,

You are Itiait enough in the (houldcrs, you care
not who fees your back : call you that backing ot
your friends ? a plague upon fuch backing ! give
me them that will face me. Shakejfearc.

Thefe were feconded by certain demilaunccs, and
botli backed with men at arms. Sir 'J. Haytxard.

Did they not fwear, in exprefs words.
To prop and back the houfe of lords ?
And after turn'd out the whole houfeful. Ifudiiras,

A great malice, tacked with a great intered, can
have no advantage of a man, but from his ex-
peftations of fomething without himfelf. Souib.

Howfliall we treat this bold afpiring man >
Succefs ftill follows him, and tacks his crimes.

Addifon,

5. Tojuftify; to fupport.

The patrons of the ternary number of princi-
ples, and thofo that would have live elements,
endeavour to tack their experiments with a fpe-
cious reafon. Boyle.

We have I know not how many adages to tack
the reafon of this moral, L'£J}range.

6. To fecond.

Fadious, and fav'ring this or t'other lide.
Their wagers iafji their wilhes. Drydcn.

To B a'c K B I T E. 1/. «. [from back and bite.'\
To cenfure or reproach the abfent.

Mnft untruly and niiiicioudy do tlicfc evil
tongues lackbite and ilander the facred alhes of
that perfonage. Sfenjir.

I will ufe bim well ; a frend i' th' court is better
thin a penny in purlc. Ufe his men well, Davy,
for they are arrant knaves, and will backbite,

Shakefpearc.

Ba'ckbitbr. n,/. [from backbite.'] A
privy calumniator ; a cenfurer of the
abfent.

No body is bound to look upon hit backbiter, or
his undcrminer, his betrayer, or his opprelTor, as
his friend. Soult.

Ba'ckbone. k./. [from back and bone,]
The bone of the back.

'I he hackU^ne fiioulJ be oividcd into many vcr-
tebres ror commodijus bending, and not to be one
entire rigid bnne. Ray,

Ba'ckcarry. Having on tfie back,

Manwoori, in his forrit Jaws, noceth it for one
of the four cirruml^aii e«, nr cjfes, wiiercin a
foreftcrmay arrcl> an offender .igainft veit or veri-
fon in theforcft, xiji, ftable-lland, dog-draw, baik-
carry, and bloody hand. Cowcll.

Ba'ckdoor. ». /, [from back and Jcor.]
The door behind the houi'e ; privy pal-
fage.

I he proceflion duift not return by the way it
came J but, after the devotion of tiie monks, pafieti
out at a bacldt.or of the Conv;r.t. Addiy.n.

I'.ipery, whi>^h is f.j lar (hut out as not tj re-
enter openly, is Sealing in by the backdmr of atlic-

ifm. Atttrbury.

Ba'ckbd. adj. [from back.] Having a
back.

BAG

Lofty-neck'd,
Sharp -teaded, barrel-bellied, broadly hacked. Eryd.
Ba'ckfriend. b. /. [from back and
friend.] A friend backwards ; that is,
an enemy in fecret.

Set the reftlefs importunities of taleliearers and
backfriends againft fair words and profefli 'ns.

fj Ef range.
Far is our church from Incroaching upon the ci-
vil power ; as fome, who arc backfriends to boih,
would malicioufly infinuate. Soufhm

Backca'mmon. Tt. /. [from bacb gam^
Mor, Weifh, a little battle.] A play or
game at tables, with box and dice.

In what eileera are you with the vicar of the
parilh ? can you play with him at backgawntcn f

Siefi.

Ba'ck HOUSE, ft./, [from tack &n<i bou/e.']
The buildings behind the chief pait of
the houfe.

Their hackboufcs, of mor« neceffary tbati cleanlf
fervice, as kitchens, llabies, are climbed up unto
by rteps. Carevf*

Ba'ckpiece. »._/! [from bad and piece.]
The piece of armour which covers the
back.

The morning that he was to join battle, hT»
armourer put on his backfitce before, and his breaft.
plate beiiind. Camden,

Ba'ckroom. n,/, \Jrom back and raoai.]
A room behind ; not in the front.

If you have a fair profpctl backwards of gar-
dens, it may be convenient to make lackraoms the
larger. Max, Mccb, Exercifexm

Ba'ckside^ n.f. [from back a.nAJide.]

1. The hinder part of any thing.

If the quickfilver were rubbed fom the i«ri/£fe
of the fpecuUim, the gb.fs would caufe the fame
rings of colours, but mo;e faint ; the phienomena
depend not upon the quickfilver, unlofs fo far as it
encreafes the teHettion of the backfuie of the glafs.

Nenuton,

2. The hind part of an animal.

A po.ir ant carries a grain of corn, climbing up
a wa'l with her head downwards and her buckJitU
upwards. At.diJoM*

3. The yard or ground behind a houfe.

The walh of paftures, fields, commons, roads,
ftrects, or backjides, are of great advantage to all
forts of land, Mortimer,

To Backsli'be, v, n, [from back and
pde.] To 'fall off; to apoftatize : a
word only ufed by divines.

Hall thou feea that which hackfiiding Ifracl
hath done ? She is gone up upon every high
mountain, aod under every green tree. "Jcnai.tb,

Backsli'der. n.f. \ixombackfltJe.] Aw
apoftate.

The hackjlidcr in heart fhall be filled, Fro^>crhi,
Ba'ckstakk. n.f, [froai back and /cjf;
becaufe, in taking an obfervation, the
ob;erver's back is turned towards tha
fun.] An inftniment ufcful in taking
the fun's aliiiudc at fea ; invented by
Captain Davies.
^ a'c K s T Ai R s . II. /, [from /ack :in(ljJairs.]
The private ft.urs in the hoiifc.

I CLiidemn the practice whicli hatli lately crept
inti the court at'thc bacijiairs, that fome pricked
f>r flicrti'i get out of the bill. Bacon.

Ba'ckstays. n.f, [from back M\d Jiaji,]
Ropes or Hays which keep the marts of a
(hip from pitching forwarder overboard.

BA'cicswoRn. n.f. [i'rom back 'indf<ivoyd.]
A fword with one Iharp edge.

Bull dre.ideJ not cl ! Lewi; at tei-'/tvord,

ytrbntinot,

T Ba'ck-

B A C

Ba'ckwahd. 7 "'''I'' [from lad, and
Ba'ckwards. 3 peapb. Sax. that is, to-
wards the back ; contrary to forwards.]
1. With the back forwards.

They ventiackwarJ, and their faces were back-
ward. Genets*

z. Towards the back.

In leaping with weights, the arms are firft caft
tackwards, and then forwards, with fo much the
greater force ; for the hands go hackward before
they take their rife. Baccn.

3. On the back.

' Then darting fire from her malignant eyes,
Siir ci" him haclnoard as he drove to rife. Dryd.

4. From the prefent ftation to the place
beyond the back.

We might have met them dareful, beard to beard.
And beat them hack-ward home. Shaktffmri.

The monftrous fight
Struck them with horrour backward; but farworfe
Urg'd them behind. Milton.

5. Regreffively.

Arc not the rays of light, in pafling by the edges
and fides of bodies, bent feveral times hack-wards
and forwards with a motion like that of an eel ?

Nc-iotsn.

6. Towards fomething paft.

To prove the poflibility of a thing, there is no
argument to that vth\ch\ooks hack-wards; for what
has been done or fuffered may certainly be done or
fofFerfd again. South.

7. Reflex.

No, doubtlefs ; for the mind can lack-ward caft
Upon herfelf, her underftanding light. SirJ. Da-vies.

8. From a better to a worfe ftate.

The w ork went backward; and the more he ftrove
T' advance the fuit, the farther from her love. Dryd.

9. Paft ; in time paft.

They have fpread one of the worft languages in
the world, if we look upon it fome reigns hack-
tvard* Locke.

10. Ferverfely; from the wrong end.

I never yet faw man,
But (he would fpell him back-ward; if fair-fac'd.
She'd fwear the gentleman ftiouid be her filler j
If black, why, nature, drawing of an antick,
Made a foul blot ; if tall, a launce iil-hcaded.

Sbakefpeare.
Ba'ckward. adj.

1. Unwilling; averfe.

Our mutability makes the friends of our nation
hack-ward to engage with us in alliances, ylddijm.

We are ftrangely hack-ward to lay hold of this
fafe, this only method of cure. Atierbury.'

Cities laid wafte, they ftorm'd the dens and caves;
For wifer brutes are hack-ward to be Haves. Pefe.

2. Hefitating.

All things are ready, if our minds be fo :
Perifli the man, whofe mind is backward now !

Sbakejpeare,

3. Sluggifli ; dilatory.

The mind is backward to undergo the fatigue
of weighing every argument. ' JVatts.

4. Dull ; not quick or apprehenfive.

It often falls out, that the backward learner
makes amends another way. Souib.

5. Late ; coming after fomething elfe : as,
tacituarJ fruits ; iaci-uiard children :
fruits long in ripening ; children flow
of growth.

Ba'ckward. ». /. The things or ftate
behind or paft : poetical.

What fecit thou elfe
In the dark backward 01 abyfm of time ? Sbakefp.
Ba'ckwardly. adv. [from backward.']
I. Unwillingly} averfely ; with the back
forward.

Like Numid lions by the hunters chas'd^ < |

Though they do fly, ye; ^aciward/y lio go
With proud afpe£t, diiditiijing greater baite. Sidney

FAD

2. Perverfely ; or with cold hope.

I was the firft man
That e'er receiv'd gift from him ;
And does he think fo backwardJy of me.
That I'll requite it laft ? Shaki/feare.

Ba'ckward NESS. »./ [from iad-ward.]

1. Dulnefs ; unwillingnefs ; fluggiflinefs.

The thing by which we are apt to cxcufe our
backwardnejs to good works, is the ill fuccefs that
hath been obferved to attend well-defigning chari-
ties, jitterbury.

2. Slownefsof progreflion; tardinefs.
Ba'con. ». /. [probably from baken, that

is, dried flefti.]

1, The flefti of a hog falted and dried.

High o'er the hearth a chine of bacm hung,
Good old Philemon feiz'd it with a prong.
Then cut a flice. Drydeti.

2, To fave the bacon, is a phrafc for pre-
ferving one's felf from being hurt ; bor-
rowed from the care of houfewives in
the country, where they have feldom
any other proviflon in the houfe than
dried bacon, to lecure it from the march-
ing foldiers.

What frightens you thus, my good fon ? fays

the priell j
You murder'd, are forry, and have been confeft.
O father! my forrow will fcarce fave my bacon ;
For 'twas not that I murder'd, but that I was

taken. Prior.

Baculo'metry. »./ [from baculus, Lat.
and fifT^ov.] The art of meafuring dif-
tances by one or more ftaves. Di3.

BAD. adj. [quoad, Dutch; compar. •z«or/J;
fuperl. itwy/.J

1 . Ill ; not good : a general word ufed in
regard to phyfical or moral faults, either
of men or things.

Mod men have politicks enough to make,
through violence, the beft fcheme of government
a bad one. Pofe.

2. Vitiou3 ; corrupt.

Thou may'ft repent.
And one bad aft, with many deeds well done,
May'ft cover. Milton.

Thus will the latter, as the former, world
Still tend from had to worfe. Milton.

Our unhappy fates
Mix thee araongft the bad, or make thee run
Too near the paths which virtue bids thee Ihun.

Prior.

3. Unfortunate ; unhappy.

The fun his annual coutfe obliquely made,
Good days contrafled, and enlarg'd the had. Dryd.

4. Hurtful ; unwholefome ; mifchievous ;
pernicious : with_/or.

Reading was bad for his eyes, writing made his
head ake. Addijon.

5. Sick : with of; as, bad of 3. fever.
n ■ J The preterite of bid.

And for an earned of greater honour,
He hade mc, from him, call thee Thane of Caw-
dcr. Sbakcfpeare.

Badge, n.f. [A word of uncertain etymo-
logy ; derived by Junius from bcde or
bade, a meflenger, and fuppofed to be
corrupted from badage, the credential of
a meflenger ; but taken by Skinner and
Minjhe-w from bagghe, Dut. a jewel, or
bague, Fr. a ring. It feems to come from
bajulo, to carry, Lat.]

1. A mark or cognizance worn to fliew
the relation of the wearer to any perfon
pr thing.

But on his bread a blocSy crofs hebjre.
The dear reftmblMC; of his dying lord j

B A F

For whofe fweet fake that glorious badge h< wore*

Spenjir,
The outward fplcndour of his office, is the badge
and token of that (acred charadter which he in-
wardly bears. jitterbury,

2. A token by which one is known.

A favage tygtefs on her hcknet lies ;
The famous badge Clarinda us'd to bear. Fairfax^

3 . The mark or token of any thing.

There appears much joy in him ; even fo much,
that joy could not (hew itfelf modell enough, with-
out a badge of bitterncfs. Sbakef/>eare,
Sweet mercy is nobility's true badge. &bukcj[>*
Let him not bear the badges of a wreck,
Nor beg with a blue table on his back. Drydcp.

To Badge, f. a. [from the noun.] To
mark as with a badge.'

Your royal father's murder'd 1
Oh, by whom ? 1 -
Thofe of his chamber, as it feem'd, had done 't;
Their hands and faces were all badg^d with blood.
So were their daggers. Shakejbeare»

Ba'dger. n.f. \bedour, Fr. melts, Lat.J
An animal that earths in the grouncC
ufed to be hunted.

That a brock, or badger, hath legs of one fide
(liorter than the other, is received not only by theo-
rids and unexperienced believers, but mod who
behold them daily. Broivn^

Ba'dger-lecged. adj. [from badger and
legged.] Having legs of an unequal
length, as the badger is fuppofed to
have.

His body crooked all over, big-bellicd, hadgir-
legged, and his complexion fwarthy. VEJiravgCm

Ba'dger. n.f. [perhaps from the Latin
bajulus, a carrier ; but by Junius derived
from the badger, a creature who flows
up his provifion.] One that buys corn
and viduals in one place, and carries
it unto another. Co-well,

Ba'dly. adv. [from bad.] In a bad
manner ; not well.

How goes the day with us ? O tell me, Hubert.—

Badly, I fear. How fares your majcfty ? Sbaiffp.

Ba'dness. n.f [from bad.] Want of good

qualities, either natural or moral ; de-

fert ; depravity.

It was not your brother's evil difpoCtion made
him feek his death ; liut a provJking merit, fet
a work by a reproveable badne/s in himlV If. Sbak.

There is one convenience in this city, which
makes fome amends for the badmjs of the pave-
ment. Addijon en Italy.

I did not fee how the badnejs of the weather
could be the king's fiult. Addifoir,

To Ba'ffle. [bcifer, Fr.]

1 . To elude ; to make ineffeflual.

They made a (hi t to think thcinfelves guilt-
lefs, in fpite of all their fins ; to bieak the precept,
and at the fame time to bajle the curfe. South.

He hath defervcd to have the grace withdrawn,
which he hath fo long fo_^t</ and defied. Atic-bury.

2. To confound ; to defeat with fome con-
fufion, as by perplexing or amufing : to
baj^e is fometimes iefs than to conquer.

Utruria loft.
He brings to Turnus' aid his hafflcJho&. DryJ.

When the mind has brought irfclf to clofe think-
ing, it may go on roundly. Every abdrufe pro-
blem, every intricate quedion, will not ha£le, dif-
courage, or break it. Locke.

A foreign potentate trembles at a war with the
Englilh nation, ready to employ againft him fuch
revenues as (hall haffie his defigns upon their
country. Addifin,

Ba'ffle. n.f. [from the verb.] A defeat.

It is the (kill of the difjiutaiit tliat keeps off a
baffle. _ South.

J'he authors having mKTed of their aims, are
fain to rctr?M with frulltation and a baffe. South.

Ba'pfler.

BAG

BA'FFLER.»./[froni^«^.] He that puts
to confufion, or defeats.

Experience, that great haffier of fpeculatioii,
^ures us the thing is too poflible, and brings,
in all ages, matter ot (aSt to cootute our fuppo-
fitioDS. Go'LtrnrntKl of ibc Tongue.

Bag. ». / [belje, Saxon ; from whence
perhaps, by dropping, as is ufual, the
harfti confonant, came l>ege, bage, hag."]

1. A fack, or pouch, to put any thing in,
as money, corn.

Coufm, away for England ; hafte before.
And, err our coming, fee thou (hake the bap
Of hoarding abbots ; their imprifon'd angels
Set thou at liberty. Stattjfeere.

What is it that opens thy mouth in prailes ? li
it th.n thy hagi and thy barns are full i Sotith

Waters were icclofed within the earJ)> as in .1
hag. Burmt.

Once, we confefs, beneath the patriot's cloak,
From the crack'd tag the dropping guinea fpoke.

2. That part of animals in which fome
particular juices are contained, as the
poifon of vipers.

The faeliing p.ilon of the fereral (c&s.
Which, wanting vent, the nation's health infefls,
Shall burft its hag. Dryden.

Sing on, fing on, for I can ne'er be cloy'd ;
So may thy cows their burden'd hagi diftcnd. Dryd-

3. Ad ornamental purfe of filk tied to
men's hair.

We faw a young fellow riding towardt in full
gallop, with a bob wig and black lllken bag tied to
it. Mdlfan.

4. A term nfed to fignify different quan-
tities of certain commodities ; as, a bag
of pepper, a iag of hops.

To Bag. v. a. [from the noun.]
I. To put into a bag.

Accordingly hidrain'd thofe marOiy grounds.
And bagg'd them in a blue cloud. Drydett.

Hops ought not to be bjggcd up hot. Mort'mur,

s. To load with a bag.

Like a bee, bagg'd with his honey'd venom.
He brings it to yuur hive. Dtydcn'i Don Sihaji'im.

To Bag. 'V. n. To fwell like a fullbag.

The flcin feemed ratch contrafted, yet it barged,
and had a porringer full of matter in it. }ViJm.an.

Two kids that in the valley ftray'd
I foond by chance, and to my fold convey'd :
They drain two bagg'mg udders every day. Drydcr,
Ba'oatelle. n. /. [bagatelle, Fr.] A
trifle ; a thing of no importance : a word
not naturalifed.

Heaps of haV rings and cypher'd feals ;
Rich uiflcs, ferious tagauJlei. Prbr,

Ba'co ACE. a./, [from bag ; baggage, Fr.]
1. The furniture and utenfih of any army.

The :rmy was an r.'ifilrrd and fevtnty thoufand

footmer!, and twelve th.iofjnd horlemen, bcf^d; tlie

taggagi, yuditb.

Ricties are the taggagtof v'.rtue ; they cannot be

fpared, nor left behind, but they hinder the march.

Hai-n.
They were probably always in Ttadinefs, and
carried among the baggage of the army.

jiddifbn Off Italy.

z. The goods that are to be carried away,

as bag and bny^gnge.

i>)i 1 j;;ia ' lij,'- ', Ahen his affairs grew dcfpe-
nvj ii, ^^g j-t, X'j p^':k up btg and baggage, and
fail for l;aiy. . Arbutkn'A.

3. A wort'nlefs woman ; in French bagajie ;
fo called, becaafe fuch women follosv
camps.

A Ipark of indi^:)adon did rife in her, not to
fufFcr fucb a tiggagt to win away any thing of
hcrt. S'ldnty.

B A I

When this baggage meets with a man who has
vanity to credit relations, (he turns him to ac
count. Hfctlator.

Ba'gnio. fi. /. [hagiio, Ital. a bath.]
A houfe for bathing, fweating, and
otherwife cleanfing the body.

I have known two inftances of malignant fevers
produced by the hocairof a bagnio, ylrluth. onA'ir.
Ba'gpipe; n. f. [from bag a.a6 pipe ; the
wind being received in a bag.] A mu-
fical inftrument, confilling of a leathern
bag, which blows up like a foot-ball,
by means of a port-vent or little tube
fixed to it, and Hopped by a valve and
three pipes or flutes, the firft called the
great pipe or drone, and the fecond
the little one, which pafs the wind out
only at the bottom ; the third has a
reed, and is played on by comprefling
the bag under the arm, when full ; and
openiug or flopping the holes, which are
eight, with the fingers. The bagpipe
takes in ijie compafs of three oftaves.

Chambers.

No banners but fhirts, with fome bad bagfife!

indcad of drum and fife. Sidney.

He heard a bagpipe, and faw a general animated

with the found. Mdi/on's Freeholder.

Bagpi'per. ». /. [from bagpipe.'\ One
that plays on a bagpipe.

Some that will evermore peep thro' their eyes,
And laugh, like parrots, at a bagpiper. Shakejp.

BAGVKTTE. n.f. [Fr. a term of archi-
tefture.] A little round moulding, lefs
than an aftragal ; fometimes carved and
enriched.

To Baicne. v. a. [baigner, Fr.] To
drench ; to foak : a word out of ufe.

The women forJlow not to baigne them, unleA
they plead their heels, with a worfe perfume than
Jugurth found in the dungeon.

Carnu^s Survey of Corrfwall,

Bail. n.f. [Of this word the etymologifts
give many derivations ; it feems to
come from the French bailler, to put
into the hand ; to deliver up, as a man
delivers himfelf up in furety.]

Bail is the freeing or fetting at liberty one arrcl^cd
or imprifoncd upon aftion either civil or criminal,
under fecurity taken for his appearance. There
is both common and fpecial hail\ comtton bail is
in adlions cf fm.'ll prejudice, or (light proof, called
common, becaufe anv fureties in that cafe are
taken ; whereas, upon caufrs of g cater weight, or
apparent fpeciality, j^rfij/ bail or furety mult be
taken. There is a dif?*errnce between bail and
mainprife j for he that is mainprii'cd is at large,
until the day oi his appearance : but where a man
is bailed, he is always accounted by the law to be:
in their ward and cuftody for the time : and they
may, if they will, keep him in ward or in prifen
at that time, or ocherwife at their will. Cotvell,

Worry"d with debts, and pill all hopes oi hail,
Th' unpity'd wretch lies tottingin a jail. Rojcommcn.

And bribe with prefents, or, when ptelents fail.
They (end their prollituted wives for bail. Drydeti,

To Bail. f. a. [from the noun.]

1. To give bail for another.

LtC me be their ba.l
They (hall be ready at your highnefs' will,
To anfwer their fufpicion
1 hou (halt not bail them, Sbekijp, Tilui jindror.

2. To admit to bail.

When they had bailed the twelve bidiops who
wcicin the Tower, the houfe of Commons, in great
indignation, caufcd them iinnnedi Jtcly to be recom-
mitted to the Tower. Clarendon.

B A I

Ba'ilable. ail/, [from bail.] TJiat tnay
be fct at liberty by bail or fureties.

B a'i L I F F. 'I. f. [a word of doubtful etymo-
logy in itfelf, but borrowed by us from
baillie, Fr.]

I . A fubordinate ofiiccr.

Liiufannc is under the canton of Berne, governed
by a bailiff hnZ every three years from the fenatc
of Berne. Atldifin,

s. An officer whofe bufmefs it is to execute
arrefts.

It many times happeneth, that, by the under-
(heri(fs and their bailiffs, the owner hath incurred
tha forfeiture, before he comcth to the knowledge
of the procefs that runneth againit him. Bacon.

A bailiff, by miftakc, feized you for a debtor,
and kept you the whole evening in a fpunging-
houfe. Svjifu

Swift as a bard the. iai/i/f leaves behind. Pope.

3. An under-fteward of a manor.
Ba'iliwick. »./. [of baillie, Fr. andpic.
Sax.] The place of the jurifdiftion of>a
bailiff within his hundred, or the lord's
franchife. It is thit liberty which is ex-
empted from the ftieriff of the county,
over which the lord of the liberty ap-
pointeth a bailiffs Coiuell.

A proper officer is to walk up and down his
hailiioichs. Spenfcr,

There llTued writs to the IherifTs, to return the
names of the feveral land-owners in their feveral
bailiwicks. HaU»

To Bait. v. a. [batan. Sax. baitzen.

Germ.]
I. To put meat upon a hook, in fome

place, to tempt fifli, or other animals.

Oh cunning enemy, that, to catch a faint.
With faints ioti bait thy hook! mod dangerous
Is that temptation that doth goad us on
To (in in loving virtue. Shak. Meaf. for Meaf.

Let's be revenged on him ; let 's appoint him a

meeting, give him a (how of comfort in his fuit,

and lead him on with a fure baited dcUy, till he

hath pawned his horfes to mine holt of the garters

Sbaieffeare's Merry Wives ofWindfor.

Many forts of filhes feed upon infefts, as is well
known to anglers, who bait their hooks with them.

Ray.

How are '^e fex improv'd in am'rous arts !
What new-found fnares they bait for human
hearts ! Gay.

z. To give meat to one's felf, or horfes,
on the road.

What fo (Irong,
But, wanting reft, will alfo want of might ?
The fun, that mcafurcs heaven all day long,
At night doth bait his deeds the ocean waves
among. Spenjir,

To Bait. <i/. a. [from battre, Fr. to beat.]

1. To attack with violence.

Who feeming lorely chaffed at his band.
As chained be,:r, whom cruel dogs do bait.
With idle force did fain them to withftand.

Fairy Sjuets,
I will not yield
To kifs the ground before young Malcolm's feet;
And to be baited with the rabble's curfe.

Shakefpeare's Macbeth.

2. To harafs by the help of others ; as, we
bait a boar with maftiffs, b«c a bull with'
bull-dogs.

To Bait. it. ». To flop at any place for
refrelhnient : perhaps this word is more
properly bate, to abate I'peed.

But our defircs tyrannical extortion
Doth force us there to fct our chief dclightfulncfs.
Where but a baiting place i~ jU our portion. Sidney.

As one who on nis journey baits at noon,
Thj' bent on fpesd : fo here th' archa,ngel paus'd.

Milhn.
Ta In

B AK

Tn all ourjnumey from Lindon to till liouCt, we
did not (b much a ia':: »t» whig 'nn.

^Idiiijin'i SfeBetir.

9*9 Bait. a;. ». [as an ioKvt.] To clap
the wings j io make an ofFer of flying ;
to flutter.

All plum'd like cftridges, that with the wind
Salted like eagles having lately batli'd j
Clittering in golJcu coats like imngcs. Sbal-^fixari.

Hood my unman'd blood bailing in my chjcks
With thy black mantle J till ftrangc love, grown

bold.
Think! trjc love afVcd fimple modcfty. Shakifp.

Another way I have to man my hagrard,
To make her come, and know her keeper's call ;
That i«, to watch her as we watch thofe kites
That iait and beat, and will n^t be obedient. Sbak

Bait. n.f. [from the verb.]
i. Meat fet to allure fifli, or other animals,
to a fnare.

The pleafant'ft angling is to fee the fifll
Oit with her golden oars the filver dream,
And greedily devour the treacherous bjit. Sbakrjf,

a. A temptation ; an enticement ; allure-
ment.

And that fame glorious beauty's idle boaft

Is but a bait fuch wretches to beguile. Sfenfcr,

Take:h therewith the fouls of men, as with the

haitt, Hocker,

Sweet words, I grant, baits and allurements fweet,

Butgreateft hopes with greateft croffes meet. Fair/.

Fruit, like that
Which grew in Paradifc, thei«ir of Eve
■ Us'd by tne tempter. Milton.

Secure from foolifli pride's affcaed ftate.
And fpeciuus flattery's more pernicious bait.

Rofcommor,.
Her head was bare.
But for her native ornament of hair.
Which in a fimple knot was tied above !
Sweet negligence ! unheeded idir of love ! Drydcn.

Grant tlut others could with equal glory
1.00k down on picafures, and the bailt of fenfe.

AdJiJm.

%. A refrefhment on a journey.

B A 1 z E . «. /. A kind of coarfe open cloth
ftufF, having a long nap ; fometimes
frized on one fide, and fometimes not
frized. Thisftuft'is without wale, being
wrought on a loom with two treddles,
like flannel. Chambers.

9« Bake. i». a. participle paffive, baked
or haken. [bajcan. Sax. bckcti. Germ,
fuppofed by Wachter to come from lee,
which, in the Phrygian language, figni-
fied bread. "[

1 . To heat any thing in a clofe place ;
generally in an oven.

He will take thereof, and warm himfelf; yes
he kindleth it, and bdketh bread. Jfai^i.

The difference of prices of bread procee.icd
from their delicacy in bread, and perhaps fome-
thihg in their manner of bakir^. Ari>u!bn-A,

2. To harden in the fire.

The work of the fire is a kind of hakir.^ ; and
whatfoever the fire bakttb, time doth in fome de-
gree diffolve. Bann.

3 . To harden with heat.

With vehement funs
When dufty fummer bjka the crumbling clods.
How pleafjnt is 't, beneath the twilled arch,
.To ply the fweet caroufe ! Phi/if s.

The fun with ftamingarrows pierc'd the flood,
And, darting to the bottom, bak'J the mud. Dfyd.

To Bakb. -v. r..

». To do the work of baking.

1 keep the hoofe, ai.d I walh, wring, brew, bakt,
fcour, drefs mea:, and make tl.e beds, ami do .-til
royfclf, St^k'/jcarc-

B A L

2. To be heated or baked.

Fillet of a fenny Inakr,
In the cauldron boil and biiki. Sbakeff. litaelelh.

Baked Meats. Meats dreflcd by the oven.

There be f.>me houles, wherein fv.eetmeats will

relent, and baked meats will mould, more than

others. Bacon.

Ba'kehouse. n.f. [from, br.ke znA hoti/e.']
A place for baking bread.

I have mark.'d a willingncfs in the Italian arti-
sans, to dillribute the kitchen, pantry, and bake-
/»o;.Jc under ground. PP^ottor.

Ba'ken. The fart icijile from To bake.
There was a cake baktn on the coaU, and a crufe
of '.v.iter, at his head. 1 Kingi.

Ba'ker. n.f. [from To ia^f.] He whofe
trade is to bake.

In life and h^-alth, every man muft proceed upon

trull, there being no knowing the intention oi the

cook or baker. South,

B a'l A N c e . n.f. [balance, Fr. bilanx, Lat. ]

1 . One of the fix firaple powers in niecha-
nicks, ufed principally for determining
the difference of weight in heavy bo-
dies. It is of feveral forms. Chambers.

2. A pair of fcales.

A balance of power, either without or within a
ftate, isbcft conceived by confidering what the na-
ture of a balance is. It fuppofes three things; firft,
the part which is held, together with the hanJ
that holds it; and then the two fcales, with what-
ever is weighed therein. - Snvift,

For when on ground the burden balance lies.
The empty part is lifted up tlie higher.

Sir y. David.

3. A metaphorical balance, or the mind
employed in comparing one thing with
another.

I have in equal ij/aacf juftly weigh 'd
What wrong our arms may do, what wrongs we

fufTer:
Griefs heavier than our offences. Shak. Hen. IV,

4. The aft of comparing two things, as by
the balance.

Comfort arlfes not from others being miferablc,
but from this inference upon the balance, that we
fuf^'er only the lot of nature. L^ EJirangc.

Upon a fair balance of the advantages on cither
fide, it will appear, that the rules of the gofpel
are more powerful means of convidion than fuch
melTage. jitterbury.

5. The overplus of weight; that quantity
by which, of two things weighed toge-
ther, one exceeds the other.

Care being taken, that tbe exportation exceed
in value the importation ; and then the balance uf
trade muft of neceflity be returned in coin or bul-
lion. Bacon s j^v'ce to ydtieri.

6. That which is wanting to make two
parts of an account even ; as, he ftated
the account with his correfpondent, and
paid the balance.

7. Equipoife ; as, balance of power. See
the fecond fenfe.

Love, hope, and joy, fairpleafure'sfmiling train ;
Hate, fear, and grief, the family of p.iin ;
Thefe mix'd with art, and t > d..e bounds confin'd,
Make and raaintain the i^i/amvof the mind. l'o]>c.

8. The beating part of a watch.

It is but fuppofing tlut all watches, whilft the
balance beats, think ; and it is fufficiently proveJ,
that my watch thought ail lall night. L'ckc.

9. [In aftronomy.] Oneof the twelve figns
of the zodiacic, commonly called Libra.

Or wilt thou warm our i'ummers with thy rays.

And feated near the i;/jnrepoilc the days 'r Dryd.

To Ba'i.anCE. f. a. [balancer, Fr.]

I. To weigh in a balance, either real or

figurative j to'coinpare by the balance.

B A L

\f mw would but balance the gooi and ttie evil
of things, they would not venture fogl and body
for dirty intereft. L'Eftrange.

2. To regulate the weight in a balance ;
to keep in a ftate of jull proportion.

Heav'n that hath plac'd this liland ti give law,
To balance Etirop*, and her fta^e; ri awe. JVallcrm

3. To counterpoife ; to weigh equal to;
to be equipollent ; to counteraft.

The attracl.on of the giafa is bnlamed, and ren-
dered incffedual, by the contrary ailrafliun of the
liquor. Ncivton*

4. To regulate an account, by Hating it
on both ftdes.

Judging is balancing an account, and determin-
ing on whii.h fide tl:e odds lie. Ltcle*

5 . To pay that which is wanting to make
the two parts of an account equal.

Give him leave
To balance the account of Blenhein/s day. Prior*
Though I am very well fati^fied, that it is not
in my power to balance accounts with my Maker,
I am refolved, however, to turn all my encravuurs.
that way. MSifon, Sfflatcr.

To Ba'lakce. '■j. a. To hefitate ; to fluc-
tuate between equal motives, as a ba-
lance plays when charged with equal
weights.

Were the fatisfaflion of lull, and the joys of
heaven, offered to any one's prefent poU'elTiun, be
would not balance, or err, in the determination o£
his choice. Locke,

Since there is nothing that can offend, I fee not
why you ihould balance a moment about printing
it. Ar.ertury to Pope*

Ba'lancer. n.f. [from balance.^ Tlie
perfon that weighs any thing.

B a'l ass Ruby. n.f. [balas, Fr. fuppofed
to be an Indian term.] A kind of ruby.

Balajs ruby is of a crimfon coi jur, with a cad

of purple, and feems beft to anfwer the del'cription

of the ancients. ^ocdivard on FcJfiU*

To Bale tj'ci NATE. v. n. [from balbutiot

Lat.] To ftammer in fpeaking. Di3.

To B A L B u't I a T E . f. «. The fame with

balbucinate. Did.

Balco'ny. n.f. [baleen, Fr. balcone, Ital.}

A frame of iron, wood, or ftone, before

the window of a room.

Then pleafure came, who liking not the fafhion>
Began to make balconies, terraces, v
Till file had wcaken'd all by alteration. Herbert*

When dirty waters from balconies drop.
And dext'rous damfels twirl the fprinkling mop.

Getf*
B.M.T>. adj. [bal.Wc](ii.]

1. Wanting hair ; defpoiled of hair by
time or ficknefs.

Neither (hall men make themfelves bald for
them. Jeremiah,

1 I'nd it remarked by Marchctti, that the caufe
of baldnefs in men Is the drynefs of the brain, and
its (hrinking from the fkuU ; he having obferved,
that in bald perfons, under the iuU part, there war
a vacuity between the fkull and the brain. Itay,

He Ihould imitate Czl'ar, wh >, becaufe his head
was bald, covered that defe£l with laurels, jiddifi

2. Without natural covering.

Under an oak, whofe boug'is were mofs'd with
age.
And high top iaU with dry antiquity. Sbtke/f,

3. Without the ufual covering.

He is fet at the upper end o' th' table; but they
ftand bald bcfoi^ him. Sbakejfeare,

4. Unadorned ; inelegant.

Hobbes, in the prtiacc to his own bald tranfla-
tion, begins the praife of Homer when he fhnuld
have ended it, Drydens Fables, Preface,

And that; though labour'd, line mud ^jW appear.
That brings ungrateful mufick to the ear. ' Creech,

5. Mean;

B A L

J. Mean ; nalced ; without dignity ; with-
out value ; bare.
Wliat Ihould the people do with theft baUuU
bunes ?
On whom depending, their obedience fails
To th- grejti^r buich. Siaiefpt^n-.

6. BalJ was ufed by the northern nations,
to fignify the fame a» auiiax, bold ; and
is ftill in ufe. So Bald-Min, and by
mverilon Winbald, is bold conqueror;
Ethdbald, nobly bold; Eadbald, happily
hold; which are of the fame import as
Tbrafeas, Tkrafymachus, and Thrajybu.

iJA LDACHiN. n.f. [baldacbhw, hall A
piece of architeclure, in form of a ca-
nopy, fupported with columns, and ferv-
jng as a covering to an altar. It pro-
perly fignifies a rich filk, Du Cangc,
and was a canopy carried over the holt.

_ , Builder's Da.

Balderdash. «./ [prob-ibly of balb.
Sax. bold, and da/h, to mingle.] Ai.y
thing jumbled together without judg-
ment ; rude mixture ; a confufed dil'-
courfe.

To Ba'lderdash. v. a. [from the noun.l
To mix or adulterate any liquor.

BA'tDLY. adv. [from bald.'] Nakedly;
meanly ; inelegantly.

Ba*ld.x.ony. »./ The fame with Gkn.

TI AN.

Ba'ldness. n.f. [i:oaibald.]

1. The want of hair.

2. The lofs of hair.

Which happen'd on the flcin to light,
And there ccrnipting to a wound,
Spreads Icprofy and haUmf, round. Sivift.

3. Meannefs of writing; inelegance
Ba'ldrick. n.f. [Of uncertain etymo-
logy-J

1. A girdle. By feme Diaionarits it is
explained a bracelet ; but I have not
round It in that fenfe.

Athwart his breaft a iMrhi brave he ware.
That fliin i, Uke twinkling lUrs, with ftone; moft
precious rare. Fairv Q

A rad.ant lalirUk, o'er his a.<,L.!ders ti/d, ""'
Sudan d th. fword that glitter d at his Hde, P,>m.

2. The zodiack.

Which deck the h^UrUk of the hiavcns bright.

Bale. »./. [ialle, Fr.] A bundle or pl'rtei
of goods packed op for carriage.

One h.reo an als, in the- d,g.d.ijs, ro carrv crr-
tain bm,, of good, to fuch a town. VEfirmr,.

It IS parj of the baU, in which boh=a t.a w,s
bio.;.'ht over from China. W.,.lv>^rd

B A L

T V '-^ i^*'" Sax. bale, Dan. bal, Lol,
Icelandilh.] Mifery; calamity.

She lo<,k'd ab. ut, and iceing one in mail
Armed to pnint, fought hack to tarn again ;
F..r light ftc ha-.td s» the deadly halt. Fairy ^.

To »ALE ,:;<,. A word ufed by the failor7!
who bid tale out the water ; that is
la-ve It out, by way of diftinftion from
pumping. 9iimer. I believe from bail-
ler, 1-r. to deliver from hand to hand.
T I ';'•'"• "•, [.""talUr. Fr. imhallure,
Ital.] To make up into a bale.

Baleful, adj. [horn bJe.]

I. Full of mifery ; full of gt«f j foxrow-
iulj fad J woeful.

Ah, lucklefs babe I born under cruel {t\t.
And in dead parents baUful %Ctin bred. I airy <n

But when i feel the bitter hafrful fmart,
Which her fair eyes unwares do work in me,-
I th.nk that I a new Pandora fee. Sfenftr.

Kound he throws his ielefui eyes,
That witncfs'd hujc affliaion and difmny,
Mix'd with obdurate pride ai'd ft"dfaft hate. Milt.

z. Full of mifchief ; ^eftruflive.

But when he faw his threat'ning was but vain.
He turn'd about, and Icarch'd his baleful books
"S""' , Fairy Quctn.

Boiling cholcr chokes,
By fight of thcfc,onr^u/f/i/ enemies. Hbaifjptart.

Unfeen, unfelt, the fiery ferpent ikims
Betwixt her linen and her naked limbs.
His bakfal breath infpiring as he glides. Dryden.

Happy lerne, whole moll whok-fome air
Poilons envenonj'd fpiders, and forbids
The hclefuUatA and vipers from her /hore. VhWpu
Ba'lefullv. ad-v. [fiotn baleful.] Sor-
rowfully ; mifchievoufly.
Balk. n.f. [balk, Dut. and Germ.] A
great beam, fuch as is ufed in building ;
a rafter over an out-houfe or barn.
Balk. n.f. [derived by Skinner from 'ua-
licare, Ital. to pafs over.] A ridge of
land left unploughed between the fur-
rows, or at the end of the field.
To Balk. v. a. [See the noun.]
I. To diiappoint ; to fruftrate ; to elude.

Another thing in the grammar fchools I f-e no
ufe of, unlcfs it be to balk young ladt in learnini!
''"|"'S"- , Lockt.

tyery onu has a defire to keep up the vigour
ot his tacult.es, and not to balk his underllandiip
by what IS too hard for it. i^.-^,.

But one may balk this good intent,
And take things othcrwife than meant. Prior.

The prices muit have been high j for a people
fo r,ch would not baik their fancy. Arlullmt.

Balk-d ol his prey, the yelling monller flics,
Aiid hlls the city w.th his hideous cries. Pope.

Is there a variance ? enter but bis door,
^aAVare the courts, and conteft is nu more. P^c.

2. To mifs any thing ; to leave untouched.

Fy grifly Pluto he doth iwear.
He rent his clothes, and to.e ins hair J
And as he runneth here and there.

An acorn cup he greeteth ;
Which foon he toketh by the (laik.
About his head he lets it walk.
Nor doth he any creature bulk.

But lays on all he meeteth. Drinion', Nimpbid.

3. To omit, or refufe, any thing.

This was looked .'or at our hand, and this wns

itbanejpearc.

4. To heap, as on a ridge. Thi«. or
fomething like this, feems to be in
tended here.

Ten thoufanj bold Scots, three and twenty
knights,
Balk'd in their own blood, did SirWjire fre
On Holmedon's plains. Shu: efpearr

Ba'lkers. n.f. [In fifhery.] Men wh,.
Hand on a cliff, or high place on the
fliore, and give a figo to the men in the
fining boats, which way the paflage or
<hv,ic of herring, ta. Coveli.

I he pilchard, ai, pu-fued by a blggc, fim,
called a p'.ulhe.-, who lea ;. ahwe water, and be
wiayeth them t t e balker. Camvi Sur. of Cor,,

Ball. ,./ [^0/, Dan. ^0/, Dutch.]

Bal, i,.mlButiv. ) H,l,„, the fun, or ApoMo, of

Iw. Wnat » . was round, and in particular the
h'!, WIS c.ied by the ancients either Bal, or
Btl, ano likcwife ]iCl anc Biil. Among the mo.
d.M Perfians, the head is called Poll ; and the
FUmings rtill call the head B'.iU. niUf U th.
heaj or p^il j md iwMwj.u to turn. BeKst likcwiu

BAL

flgaifies 1 ronnd ball, whence bnc!, and ittl, and
tall, which the Welch term btU By the Scotch
alfo the head is named htH; whence the Englilh-
/■i//is derived, fignifying the beak of a bird, fi-
6ura;i%eiy, the Phrygians and Thurians by SaMiiir
underftood' a king. Hence alfo, in the Syriacic
dialefls, (2aiX, fiiix, and likewife ^ix, fignifics
lord, and by this name alfo the fun ; and, in fome
dialcifts, 'h\ and 'i\, .whence "iXo; and "HXioj,,
IV,>.|7; and EnXio;, and alfo, in the Celtick dimi-
nutive way of expr<:flion,"EXr«?, riKivsj, and Bi>f-
vo;, fignified the fun ; and 'EXevu, Tt\i-m, anl iihi-.r,
the moon. Among the Tcuronicks, hoi and lei!
have the fame meaning; whence the adjeftive ho-
lig, or hrilig, is derived, and fignifies divine or
holy i and the afpiration being changed into /,
the Romans form their Sol, Baxitr.-

I. Any thing made in a round form, or
approaching to round.

Worms with many feet round themfelves into
talli under logs of timber, but not in the timber-

Bacor,'
Nor arms they wear, nor fwords and bucklers'
wield.
But whirl from leathern firings huge balk of lead,.

Drydem-
Like a ball of fnow tumbling. down a hill, he
gathered ftrength ai he pafliid. Hiv/ell.

Still unripcn'd in tlie dewy mines.
Within the trail a trembling water lliines.
That through the cryftal darts. Aidijom

Such of thofe corpufclcs as happened to combine
into one mafs, formed the metallick and mineral
balls, or nodules, which we find. Woodward,.

2. A round thing to play with, either with-
the hand or foot, or a racket.

Balls to the (tars, and thralls to fortune's reign,
Turn'd from tliemfelves, infefled with their cage,-
Where death is fear'd, and life is held with pain.

Sidney,.

Thofe I have feen play at ball, grow extremely
carneft who fiiould have the kail. Sidmy.

3. A fmall round thing, with fome parti-
cular mark, by which votes are given,,
or lots call.

Let l«ts decide it.
For ev'ry number'd captive put a lalh
Into an urn; thr^c only black be there.
The reti, all white, are fafe. Drydtm-

Minos, the ftri^ inquilitor, appears ;
Round in his urn the blended balls he rowls,
Abfolves the juft, and dooms theguilty fouls. Dryd,.

4. A. globe ;. as, the ^a// of the earth-

Julius and Antony, thofe lords of all,
l«w at her feet prefentthe conquet'd ball.

Granville;

Y« gods, wharjuftice rules the ball?
Freedom and arts t gether fall. Pope..

5. A' globe borne as an enfign of fovc-
reignty.

Here the tragedy of a young man, that by right
ought to hold the hall of a kingdom; but, by
fortune, ii made himfelf a ball, toiled from mifery
to mifery, from place to place. Bacm,

6. Any part of the body that approaches
' toroundnefs; as the lower and iwelling.

part of the thumb ; the apple of the eye.

Be fubjeil to no light but mine ; invifible
To every cye-idZ/eife. Shak.-fpean.

• To make a ftern countenance, let your brow
bend fo,.that it may almoft touch the ball of the

eye

Pcacham,

7. The Ikin fpread over a hollow piece of
wood, (luffed with hair or wooi, which
the printers dip in ink, to fpread it on'
the letters.

Ball, n.f, [l/al, Fr. from balart, low
Lat. from /3a^x,^r.j, to dance.] An en-
tertainment of dancing, at which the
pre^ arations arc made at the expence
of lome particular perfon.

IT

B A L

It* golden fconces hang not on the wills,
To light the coftly fuppers and the tallt. DryJn.

He would make no extraordinary figure at a

bt:l\ but 1 can <flute the ladies, tor their confola-

tion, that he has writ better verier im the fex than

any man, Stvifi.

Ba'llao. n.f. [ialat/e.Fr.] A fong.

Ba/.'aJ once flgnitied a folemn and facrcd Tong,
IS wcU as trivial, when Solomon's Song was called
the ij.Vjrf ofta/hili ; but now it is applied to no-
thing but trifling verle. tyatts.

An' 1 have not balladt made on you all, and
fung to filthy tunes, may a cup of lack be my
poifon. Sbahfftart.

Like the fwcet hallaH, this amufing lay
Too long detains the lover on his way. Gay.

TeBA'LLAD. "J. n. [from the noun.] To
make or fing ballads.

Saucy li^ors
Will catch at us like ftrumpets, and fcali'd rhimers
Ballad uj out o' tune. Sbakfjbeare.

Ba'li,ad-sinoer. n.f. [from ballad inA
fi'ig.'\ One wbofe employment is to fing
ballads in the ftreets.

No fooncr "gan he raife his tuneful fong.
But lads and lallcs round about him throng.
Not ballad-finger, plac'd above the crowd.
Sings with a note fo drilling, fweet, and loud.

Gay.

Ba'llast. n.f. [/ij/Zfl/?^, Dutch ]
I. Something put at the bottom of the
fhip, to keep it Heady to the centre of
gravity.

There muft be middle counfellors to keep things
fleady j for, without that ballall, the Aip will roul
too much. Bacon

As for the afcent of a fubmarine vcffcl, this may
be ealily contrived, if there be fome great weight
at the bottom of the (hip, being part of its hallafl \
which, by fome cord within, may be loofeiied from
>t« mikin:.

As, when empty barks on billows float.
With fandy ballafi failors trim the boat ;
So bees bear gravel Hones, whofe poiHog weight
Steers thro' the whillling winds their fteddy flight.

Drydtr.

2. That which is ufed to make any thing
fleady.
Why ftould he fink where nothing fcem'd to
prefs ?
His lading little, and his ballafi lefs. Smft^

?« Ba'llast. 'V. a. [from the noun.]

1. To put weight at the bottom of a rfiip,
in order to keep her fteady.

If this be fo haltafieH, as to be of equal weight
with the like magnitude of water, it will be move-
ahlc- JVilkm

2. To keep any thing fteady.

While thus to ballafiXoyc I though".

And fo more fteddily t' have gone,
I faw 1 had love's pinnace overfraught. Donne.

Now you have given me virtue ior my guide,
And with true honour ballafied my pride. Dryden,

Balle'tte. n.f. [ballette, Fr.] A dance
in which fome hillory is reprefcnted.

Ba'lliards. n.f. [from ball, znAyarJ,
or ftick to puih it with.] A play at
which a ball is driven by the end of a
ftick : now corruptly called billiards.'

With dice, with cards, with ia/iiards, far unfit
With iliuttlecocks mifleeming manly wit. Sfen/er'

Ba'llister. SccBalustre.

BALLo'ON.r-/- E*''^^"''. F^']

1. A large round ftiort-necked veflel ufed
in chymiftry.

2. [In architedure.] A ball or globe
placed oa the top of a pillar.

B A L

3. [Ih fireworks.] A ball of paReboard,
ifufFed with combuftible matter, which,
when fired, mounts to a confiderable
height in the air, and then burlb into
bright fparks of fire, refembling liars.

Ba'i. LOT. n.f. [ballote, Fr.]

1. A little ball or tjcket ufed in giving
votes, being put privately into a box or
urn.

2. The aft of voting by ballot.

To Ba'llot. -v. n. [balloler, Fr.] To
choofe by ballot, that is, by putting
little balls or tickets, with particular
marks, privately in a box ; by counting
which, it is known what is the refult of
the poll, without any difcovery by whom
each vote was given.

No competition arriving to a fufficicnt number
of balls, they fell to bailm fome others. H^aiten.

Giving their votes by balloting, they lie under
no awe. Stuift

Ballota'tion. »./ [from ^«//»/.] The
aft of voting by ballot.

The eleftioii is intricate and curious, conCfling
of ten feveral baltomimt. ffoiten.

Balm. n.f. [iaume, Fr. halfamum, Lat.]

1. The fap or juice of a Ihrub remarkably
odoriferous.

Balm trickles through the bleeding veins
Of happy Ihrubs, in Idumcan plains. Dryden.

2. Any valuable or fragrant ointment.

Thy place is fiil'd, thjifceptre wrung from thee ;
Thy balm wafli'd otf wherewith thou waft anointed.

Sbakefpeare.

3. Any thing that fooths or mitigates pain.

You were conduced to a gentle bath,
And balms anply'd to you. SbaktJ^tare.

Your praifc's argument, balm of your age }
Deareft and beft. Sbakeffieare.

A tender fmile, our forrow's only balm. TTcung^

Balm. \ "• f [ntelijla, Lut.] The

Balm MjV/. 3 name of a plant.

The fpecies are, 1. Garden ba/m. 2. Garden
balm, with yellow variegated flowers. 3. Stinking
Roman balm, with fofter hairy leaves. Miller.
Balm ofGiUad.

I. The juice drawn from the balfam tree,
by making incifions in its bark. Its
colour is firft white, foon after green ;
but, when it comes to be old, it is of
the colour of honey. The fmell of it is
agreeable, and very penetrating ; the
tafte of it bitter, Iharp, and ailringent.
As little ifliies from the plant by inci-
fion, the i^a/ot fold by the merchants is
made of the wood and green branches
of the tree, dillilled by fire, which is
generally adulterated with turpentine.

Calmet.
It feems to me, that the lori of Gilead, which
we render in our Bible by the word balm, was net
the fame with the balfam of Mecca, but only a
better f re of turpentine, then in ufe for the cure of
wounds and other difeafcs. Frideaux^s Ccr.nt.^ions .

z. A plant remarkable for the ftrong bal-
faraick fcent which its leaves emit,
upon being bruifed ; whence fome h;-.ve
fuppofed, erroneoufly, that the ba/m of
Gilead w&% taken from this plant. Miller.

To Balm. 1/. a. [from balm.]

1. To anoint with balm, or with any
thing medicinal.

Bii'm his foul head with warm diftilled waters,
AnH burn fweet wo"d. Sbakrffeare.

2. To footh ; to mitigate ; to affuage.

BAL

Oppreft nature fleeps i
Tbii reft might yet have balm'd thy fcnfei. Shai.
Ba'lmy. adj. [from balm.]

1 . Having the qualities of balm.

Soft on the fiow'ry herb I found me laid.
In balmy fweat ; which with his beams the fun
Soon dry'd. M'Jton.

2. Producing balm.

Let India boaft her groves, nor envy we
The weeping anib^r, and the balmy tree. Pcfe,

3. Soothing; foft ; mild.

Come, Deldemona, 'tis the foldiers life
To have their balmy (lumbers wak'd with ftrife.

Sbakejpeare.
Such vifions hourly pafs before my fight.
Which from my eyes their balmy (lumbers fright.

Dryden.

4. Fragrant ; odoriferous.

Thole rich perfumes which frcm the happy (hore
The winds upon their ^o/iify wings convey'd,
Whofe guilty fweetnefs firft the world bctray'd.

Dryden,

Firll Euros to the tifing morn is fent.
The regions of the balmy continent. Dryden,

5. Mitigating ; afliiafive.

Oh balmy bieath, that doth almoft perfuade
Juftice to break her fword ! Sbaktffteare,

BA'LNEARy. n.f. \^baJnearium, hAt.] A
bathing-room.

The balnearies, and bathing- places, he expoleth'
unto the fummer letting. Bremen s yulgar Erroars,
Balnea'tion. n.f. [itom balneum, 'Lzt.
a bath.] The aft of bathing.

As the head may be dillurbcd by the (kin, ic
may the fame way be relieved, as is obfervable \sk
balneaticns, and fomentations of that part.

Br^-ivns Vulgar Errours,

Ba'lneatory. adj. [balnearius, Lat.]
Belonging to a bath or ftove.

Ba'lotade. n.f. The leap of an horfe,
fo that when his fore-feet are in the air,
he (hews nothing but the ihocs of his
hinder-feet, without ycrking out. A
halotade differs from a capriole ; for
when a horfe works at caprioles, he
yerks out his hinder legs with all his
force. Farrier^ Di£l.

Ba'lsam. n.f. [balfamtim, Lat.] Oint-
ment ; unguent ; an unftuous applica-
tion thicker than oil, and fofter than
falve.

Chrift's blood our balfam ; if that cure us here.
Him, when our judge, we ihall not find fcvere.

Denham,

Ba'lsam Apple, [momordica, Lat.] An
annual Indian plant.

Ba'lsam Tree.

Tills is a Ihrub which fcarce grows taller than
the pomegranate tree j the blolTjms are like fmall
ftars, very fragrant j whrncc fpring out little
pointed pods, inclofing a fruit like an almond,
called carpobalfamum, as the wood is called xylo-
ballamum, and the juice upobalfamum. Calmet,

Balsa'mical. ladj. [from ia^w.] Hav-

Balsa'mick. 5 ifg ^^^ qualities of
balfam ; unftuous ; mitigating ; foft ;
miid ; oily.

If there be a wound in my leg, the vital energy
of my foul thrulls out tlie baljamical humour of
my bl.iod to heal it. Hale,

The aliment of fuch as have frefli wounds ought
to be fuch as keeps the humours from putre-
fa^ion, and renders them oily and baljamick.

jirlutlnot,

Ba'luster. n.f. [according to Du Cange,
from balaufirium, low Lat. a bathing-
place.] A fmall column or pilaller,
from an inch and three quarters to four
inches fquare or diameter. Their di-

menfions

BAN

menlions and forms are various ; they
are frequently adorned with mouldings ;
they are placed with rails on flairs, and
in the fronts of galleries in churches.

This fliould fiill have been planched over, ard
railed about with ^(3/tf/?erj. Carezv.

Ba'lustrade. n./. [from ialufter."] An
aflemblage of one or more rows of little
turned pillars, called baluflers, fixed
upon a terras, or the top of a building,
for feparating one part from another.

Bam, BtAM, being initials in the name
of any place, ufually imply it to have
been woody ; from the Saxon beam,
which we ufe in the fame fenfc to this
day. Gib/on.

Bamboo', n. f. An Indian plant of the
reed kind. It has feveral ftioots much
larger than our ordinary reeds, which
are knotty and feparated from fpace to
fpace by joints. The bamboo is much
larger than the fugar-cane.

yo Bambo'ozle. 'J/, a. [a cant word not
ufed in pure or in grave writings.] To
deceive ; to impofe upon ; to confound.

AJ-'ter Nick had bcrmbooxUd about the money,
John ca'led for counters. Arhuthnit.

Bambo'ozler. n. f. [from bambooscU ."]
A tricking fellow ; a cheat.

There are a (et of fellows they call banterers
»ni bambmzlers, that play fuch tricks. Arbuihnot.
Ban. n.f. [ban, Teut. a publick procla-
mation, as of profcription, interdifiion,
excommunication, public fale.]

1. Publick notice given of any thing,
whereby any thing is publickly com-
manded or forbidden. This word we
ufe efpecially in the publifhing matri-
monial contrafts in the church, before
marriage, to the end that if any man
can fay againft the intention of the par-
ties, either in refpeft of kindred or
otherwife, they may take their excep-
tion in time, .^nd, in the cannon law,
hanna j'unt proclamationes Jfonji l^ ffonfre
in iccUJiis fieri folita. CotvfU.

1 bar ic in the interell of my wife ;
'Tis (he is fubcontraded to this lord,
And t her hufliand contradid your hanu Staktff.

To draw her neck into the ijni. UuJilrai.

2. A curfe ; excommunication.

Thou mixture rank of midnight weeds colIe£led,
Widi Hecate's iju thrice blaftcd, thrice infefted.
Shakijftarr't Hamht,

A great oveiGght it was of St. Peter that he
^id not accurfe Nero, whereby the pope might have
got all i yet what need of fuch a ban, fince friar
Vincent rould tell Atabalipa, that kingdoms were
the pope'i ? Raleigh.

3. InterdidHon.

Bold deed to eye
The facrcd fruit, facred to abftincnce.
Much more to lafic it, under ban to touch. Milt,

4. Ban of tht Empire ; a publick cenfure
by which the privileges of any German
prince are fufpended.

He proceeded fo far by treaty, that he was prof-
fered to have the imperial ban taken off Alrapi-
nus, upon fubmiflion. Hnuell.

To Ban. 1/. a. [bannen, Dutch, to curfe.]
To curfe ; to execrate.

Shall we think that it banab the work which
tbey leave beliind them, or-taketh »way the ufe
thereof? Hcoier.

It is uncertain whether this wor4> in

BAN

the foregoing fenfe, is to be deduced
from ban, to curfe, or bane, to poifon.

In thy clofet pent up, rue my Ihame,
And ban ourenemres, both mine and thine. Shuk*

Before thefe Moors went a Numidian pr'.eft,
bellowing outcharms, and cafttng fcrowls of paper
on each fide, wherein he curfed and banntd the
CKrifl-ians. Knallcs.

Bana'na TVf?. A fpecies of plantain.
Band. n./. [ben Je, Dutch; band, Saxon.]

1. A tie ; a bandage ; that by which one
thing is joined to another.

You fliall find the band, that feems to tie their
fricndlhip together, will be the very ftrangler of
their amity. Shaktfpeare,

2. A chain by which any animal is kept
in reftraint. This is now ufually fpelt,
lefs properly, bond.

So wild a beaft, fo tame ytaught to be,
And buxom to his bands, is joy to fee. Bub, 7a/e,

Since you deny him entrance, he demands
His wife, whom cruelly you hold in bands. DryJ.

3. Any means of union or connedlion be-
tween perfons.

Here 's eight that mud take hands
To jnin in Hymen's bands. Sbaktfpeare.

4. Something worn about the neck ; a
neckcloth. It is now reftrained to a
neckcloth of particular form, worn by
clergymen, lawyers, and ftudents in
colleges.

For his mind I do not care ;

That 's a toy that I could fpare:

Let his title be but great,

His cloaths rich, and band lit neat. Ben yonfon.

He took his lodging at the manlion-houfe of a
taylor's widow, who waihes, and can dear-llarch
his bands, jiddljcn.

5. Any thing bound round another.

In old ftatues of ftone in cellars, the feet of
them being bound with leaden bar:ds, it appeared
that the lead did fweil. Bacon.

6. [In architefture.] Any flat low member
or moulding, called alfo fafcia, face, or
plinth.

7. A company of foldiers.

And, good my lord of Somerfet, unite
Your troops of horfejnen with his hands of foot.

Sbakefpeare.

8. A company of perfons joined together
in any common defign.

We few, we happy few, we band of brothers.

Sbakcfpeare,

The queen, in white array before her band.
Saluting took her rival by the hand. Dryden.

On a fiidden, methought, this fele^ band fprang
forward, with a lefolution to climb the afcent, and
follow the call of that heavenly mufick, TaiLr,

Strait the thrttbands prepare in arms to join, .
Each band the number of the facred Nine. Fsfe,

To Band. t/. a. [from banJ.'\

1. To unite together into one body or
troop.

Th^ bifhop, and the duke of Glo'fter's men,
Have 6ird their pockets full of pebble (tones.
And banding themfclves in contrary parts.
Do pelt at one another's pates. Shakiffeare.

Some of the boys handed themfelves as for the
major, and others for the king, who, after fix days
Ikirmilhing, at lalt made a compofirion, and de-
parted. Carno.

They, to live exempt
From Heav'ri's high jurifdiftion, in new league
Sanded againll his throne. Milton.

2. To bind over with a band.

And by his mother ftood an infant lover.
With wing) unfledg'd, his eyes vtn banded over.

Bryden.

Bands of a Saddle, are two pieces of iron

BAN

nailed upon tlie bows of the faddle, to
hold the bows in the right fituation.
E(a'ndage. n.f, [bandage, Fr.]

1. Something bound over another.

Zeal too had a place among the reft, with a
bandage over her eyes ; though one would not have
expected to have feen her reprefented in fnow.

Addifon.
Cords were fattened by hooks to my bandages,
which the workmen had girt round my neck.

Sivift^s Gulliver,

2. It is ufed, in furgery, for the fillet or
roller wrapt over a wounded mem-
ber ; and, fometimes, for the aft or
praftice of applying bandages.

Ba'udbox. n.f. [from ^«W and ^oa:.] A
flight box ufed for bands, and other
things of fmall weight.

My friends are furprifed to find two bandboxes
among my books, till I let them fee that they are
lined with deep erudition. Addijon..

With empty bandbox (he delights to range.
And feigns a diftant errand from the 'Change.

Cay^s *trivia^
Ba'ndelet. n.f. [bandelet, Fr. in archi-
teclure.] Any little band, flat mould-
ing, or fillet.
Ba'ndit. n.f. [bandito, Ital.] A man.
outlawed.

No favage fierce, bandit, or mountaineer.
Will dare to foil her virgin purity. Miltm».

No bandit fierce, no tyrant mad with pride.
No cavern'd hermit, reds felf fatisfy'd- Pope,.
Bandi'tto. n.f. in the plural banditti,
[bandito, Ital.]

A Roman fworder, and banditto l\i\c,
MurderM fweet TuUy. Sbahcfpeare.^

Ba'ndog. n. f. [from ban or band, antl
dog. The original of this word is very
doubtful. Cains, De Canibus Britannia
cis, derives it from band, that is, a
dog chained up. Skinner inclines to de-
duce it from bona, a murderer. May
it not come from ban, a curfe, as we
fay a curji cur ; or rather from baund^.
fwelled or large, a Danijh word ; from,
whence, in fome countries, tiiey call a
great nut a ban-nut f^ A kind of lirge-
dog.

'X he time of night when Troy was fet on (ire.
The time when fcieech-owls cry, and bandogs howl.
Shake ptare' s Henry VI..
Or privy, or pcrt^if an) bin.
We hnvegreat bandings -nWi tear their (kin. Spcnfcr,
Bandole'ers. n. f [bandouUers, Fr.J
Small wooden cafes covered with lea-
ther, each of tl'.em containing powder-
that is a fufficient charge for a mu&et.
Ba'ndrol. n.f. [banderol, Vr.] A little
flag or flreamer ; the little fringed filk
flag tliat hangs on a trumpet.
Ba'ndy. «./ [from i^««;/,»r, Fr.] A club
turned round at bottom, for ftriking a
ball at play.
To Ba'ndy. ■v. a. [probably from bandy,.
the inftrument with which tliey llrike
balls at play, which, being crooked,.
is named from the term bander ; as,
bander un arc, to firing or bend a bow.]'
I. To beat to and fro, or from one to-
another.

They do cunningly, from one hand to another,
bandy the fcrvittiJc like a tennis bi.il. Spenfer.

And like a ball bandy\i 'twixt pride and wit,
Rather than yield, both fides the prize will '.juit.

Vinkttm*
Wijac

BAN

BAN

BAN

Whit from the trop'.ck* c»n the e«rtfc repel }
Wliat viguruui arm, what repercuflivc blow,
BanJiet the mighty globe ftill to and tVo ? Blackm.

2. To exchange ; to give and take reci-
procally.

Da jfou ianJji looks with me, jou tafcal?

Sbakeffeart.
'Tis not in thee
To grudg* my plcaruriis, to cut oiF m^ train,
To TaKjy haliy words. Siakrfpeare

3. To agitate ; to tofs aboitt.

This hath been fo handird amongit Mi, that
cne can hardly niifs bookii of thi^ kind. Lech-

Ever fincc men have been united into govern-
ments, the endeavours after univerfal monarchy
li:ivc been KtulieJ among then™ £iaift.

Let not obvi.'us and known troth, or-ibmcof
the molt plain jiid certain propjfitions, be tandictt
about in a difputacion. Walls.

ff1»BA'^f BV. 1'. n. To contend, as at fome
^ame, in which each ftrives to drive
ihe ball his own way.

No fimple man that .^fees
"This {i&\G^ibandyhig of their favourites,
3ut that he dorh prcfage fome ill event. Sbak^fp.

A valiant fon-in-law thou Ihalt enjoy :
One fit to iardy with thy laulefs fons.
To rulfle in the commonwi:alth. Shtiltffure-

Could let up grandee againll grandee,
To ftjiiamler time away, and bandy ;
.Made lords and commonei^ lay lieges
"To one one anotlicr's privileges. HuAihras.

After all the bandyhg attempts of refolution,
It is as much a queftion as ever. GiawWe,

Ba'ndvleg. n.f. [from bander, Fr.] A
.crooked leg-
He tells aloud your greateft failing,
Nor makes a fcruplc to expofe
Vour bardylcg, or crooked nofc. f!iuifi,

SA'NDyLE.GGED. aJJ . [froHl Baniijleg.'\
Having crooked legs.

The tthiopians had an one-eyed bandylegged
prince ; fuch a perfun would have made b.it an
odd figure. CJlier,

BANE. n.y. [bana. Sax. a murderer,]
i, Poifon.

Begone, or e!fe let me. 'Tis bane to draw
The fame air with thee. Ben Jmjm.

All good to me becomes

Saner, and in beav'n much worfe would he my

Aate. Milun.

They with fpeed

Their courfc through thickell conAellations held,

Spreading their i»-iif. Mdlcn.

Thus am I doubly arm'd ; my death and life.
My bane and antidote, are both before rac.
This, in a monwnt, brings me to an end ;
But that informs me I Ihall never die. Addifcn.

i. That which dellroys ; mifchief; ruin.

Inl'oler.cy muft be reprcft, or it will be the hane
of the Chriftian religion. Hii^kcr,

I will not be afraid of death and bane.
Till Birnam forell come toDunfmanc. Shakcf^care.

Suffices that to mc rtrength is rp\ bare,
And proves the fuurce of all my mifcries. Milton,

So cntertai.i'd thofc odorous fwcets the fiend.
Who came their bane, Milan,

Who can oir.it the Gracchi, who declare
The Scipios worth, thol<^ tliunderbolts of wir.
The double banc of Carthage? Drydcr,.

Falfc religion is, in its nature, the grciteft htine
anddcllru£tion to po\T:rnment in the world. South.

^0 Bane. f. a. [from the noun.] To poi-
fon.

What if my houfc be troubled wirh a r.it,
And 1 be pleasM to give ten ihoufond ducats
To have ic band? Shakef]>iare.

Ba'neful. oilj. [from i«nf and/a//.]
I. Poifonou.'.

For voyaging to learn the direful art,
To taint with deadly drugs the b.irbed dart ;
Obfervant of the |ads, and lleinly ju!t,
Itus refui'd tu inipart the baneful trull. Fof{.

1. Deftruftive.

'1 he fiiver eagle too it Cent before,
Which I do hope w'll prove to them as ianeful,
As thou conceiv'll it to the commonwealth.

Ben yonjen,
The nightly wolf is baneful to the fold,
Storms to the wheat, to buds the bitter cold. Dryd.
Ba'nefulness. ». /. [from iaite/uL]

Poifonoufnels ; deftruftivenefs.
Ba'newort. »./. [from iaitt and •wert.']
A plant the fame with dtadly nightfiade.
To Banc. 'v. a. [t^f/^o/t-w, Dutch.]

1. To beat ; to thump ; to cudgel : a low
and fanniliar word.

One riceiving from them fome affronts, met
with them handfomely, and banged them to goou
purpofe. Hrniel.

He having got fime iron out of the earth, put
it into his fervants hands to fence with, and bang
one another. Locke.

Formerly I was to be banged becaufe I was too
ftrong, and now becaufe 1 am too weak, to refill j
I am to be brougiit down when too rich, and op-
preflcd when too poor. j^rbutbnit.

2. To handle roughly; to treat with vio-
lence, in general.

The defperate temped hath fo bang'd the Turks,
That their defignmcnt halts. Shaktfpeare.

You Ihould accoll her with jells fire-new from
the mint ; you Ihould have banged the youth into
dumbnefs. Shakejpeari.

Bang. n.f. [from the verb.] A blow;
a thump ; a (Iroke : a low word.

I am a bachel.>r That 's ti fay, t ey are f 'Oh

that marry ; you'll bear me a bang for that. $bak.

With many a fttft' thwack, many a ban^.
Hard crabtrec anJ old iron rang. Hudibras,

I heard fcveral langs or buffets, as I thought,
given to the eagle that held the ring of my box in
his beak. Siuifl'i CulUvir.

To Ba'kgi. E. 1). a. To wade by little and
little ; to fquander carelefsly : a word
now ufed only in converfation.

If we bangU away the legacy of pv^ace left us bv
Chrill, it is a fign of our wantof rega-d for hini.

Duly of Alan.
To BA'NISH. V. a. [banir, Fr. banie, low
Lat. probably from ban, Teut. an out-
lawry, or profcription ]

1. To condemn to leave his own country.

Oh, fare thee well!
Thofe evils thou repeat ll upon thyfclf
Have hamjh'd me from Scotland. Shakeffeare.

2. To drive away.

Bar^ijh bufinefs, banijh forrow.

To the God' belongs to-morrow. C;mky.

It is for wicked men only to dread God, and to

endeavour to hanijb the t!ioughts of him out of

their minds. Tilkifon.

Succefslefs all her foft carefles prove,
To bawJJj fiO;n his bread his ciuntry's love. Pope.
B.'^'nisher. n.f. [from ban! fi."] He that
forces another from his own country.

In mere fpite.
To he fuM quit of thofc my banifhen.
Stand I before thee here. Shaiefpeare.

Ba'nishment. n.f. \bamjfemetit , Fr.]

1. The ad of banifhing another; as, he
fecured liimfelf by the banifliment of his
enemies.

2. The Hate of being baniflied ; exile.

NftAf go we in content
To liberty, and not to bamjhmcnf. Shakf^eare

Round the wide world in ban'ijhmen: we roam,
Forc'd from our p'.eafi;ig fieUs .md native home.

Dry den

BANK. tt.r. [banc, Saxon.]
1. Thce.Trth arifing on eaclifide of a water.
We fay, properly, \heJhori: of the/jn,

and the hauks of a rivtr, hrook, or tssaXX
water.

Have you not made an univerfal fliout,
That Tyber trembled underneath Hiibank T Sbakw

Richmond, in Devonlhire, fent out a boat
Unto the Ih ire, to a(k thole on the bankt.
If they were his alTillanu. Hhakefptartt

A brook whofe ftream fo great, fo good.
Was lov'd, was honour'd as a flood j
Wbofe^ijn i the Mules dwelt upon. Crajha'w,

'Tis happy when our ftreams of knowledge flow
To fill their idAjli, but not to overthrow. Denhantt

0 early loll ! what tears the river fhed.
When the lad pomp along his banks was led ! Pope,

2. Any heap of earth piled up.

They befiegedhim in Abciof Bethmaachah, and
they cad uf^ibank againll the city ; and it flood
in the trench. Samuel.

3. [from banc, Fr. a bench.] A feat or
bench of rowers.

Fiac'd on rneir banks, the ludy Trojans fweep
Neptune's fmooth face, and cleave the yielding
deep. IValler,

Mean time the king with gif:s a vefTel ftores,
Supplies the banks with twenty chofen oars. Dryd,

1 hat banks of oars were not in the fame plain,
but railed above one another, is evident from de-
fcriptions of ancient Ihips. Arbuihnot,

4. A place where money is laid up to be
called for occafionaily.

Let it be no bank, or common flock, but every
man be madcr of hi:, own money. Not that I al-
together miflike banks, but they will hardly be
brookrd. Bacon's Effays,

This mafs of treafurc you fhould now reduce;
But you your dure have hoarded in hmtbank. -

D.r.tam,

There pardons and indulgences, and giving men
a fharc in faints merits, out »{ the common bank
and trcalury of the church, which the pope has the
fole cud dy of. Saith,

5. The company of perfons concerned in
managing a bank.

■Ttf Bank. <v. a. [from the noun.]
t. To inclofe with banks.

Amis the cliffs
And burning fands, that bank the flirubby vales.

Thomfon*

2. To lay up money in a bank.

Bank-bill. n.f. [from bank and bill.^
A note for money laid up in a bank, at
the fight of which the money is paid.

L°t three hundred pounds be paiu her out of my

ready m(mey, or i<2iil-ii//i. Swift,

Ba'nker. n.f. [from bani."] One that

trafficks in money ; one that keeps or

manages a bank.

Whole droves of lenders crowd the banker'i doors,
To call in money. Dryden.

By powerful charms of gold aid filver led,
The Lombard barkers and tlic 'change to w tile.

Dryden,
Ba'nkruptcy. n.f. [(torn banknipt.'\

1. The ftateof a man broken, or bankrupt.

2. The ail of declaring one's fe'f bank-
rupt ; as, he railed the clamours of his
creditors by a fudden bankruptcy.

Ba'nkrupt. adj. [^ianjumiitc, Fr. banco-
rotto, Ital.] \}x debt beyond the power
of payment.
The king's grown bankrupt, like a broken man.

Shakefpeait,
Sir, if you fpend word f ^r word with me,
I fhall make your wit bankrupt. Shakefpeare,

It is faid that the money-changers
of Italy had benches, probably in the
burfe or exchange ; and that when any
became iiilolvent, his ban 0 was roito,
his bench was broke. It w.is once
written bankeraut, Bankerout is a verb.

Dainty,

I

BAN

Dainty bits
Mikt r'lcli the ribs, but banhmut thi! wits. Shai.

B a'n K R u p T . ». /. A man in debt beyond
the power of payment/

Pcrkin gathered together a power, rtither m
number nor in hanJincfs contemptible; but, in
their fortunes, to be feared, being ianirufti, and
many of then; felons. Bacon.

It is with wicked men as •'th a bar.lraft : wlicn
lis creditors are loud and clamorous, ani fpeak
big, he giveth them many good words. Calamy.

In vain at court the bankrupt pleads his caufe ;
His thanlclefs country leaves him to her laws. Fo^e.

To Ba'nkrupt. 'v.a. To break ; todif-
able one from fatisfying his creditors.

We caft off the care of all future thrift, becaufe
wc ar« already bankruptfd* Hammc-nd.

Ba'nner. n. f. \banmere, Fr. banair,
Welfli.]

1. A flag ; aftandard; a military enfign.

From France there comes a power, who already
Have fecret fpies in fome of our bcft ports,
And are at point to ilicw their open banner, Sbai.

AU io ^ moment through the gloom were feen
Ten thouiand banners rife into the air.
With orient colours waving. Milton.

He faid no more ;
But left his lifter and his queen behind.
And wat*d his royal banner in the wind. Dryden.

FirM with fuch motives, you do wcU to join
With Cato's foes, and follow Caefar's banners.

MJiJin.

2. A ftreamer bom at the end of a lance,
or el fc where.

Ba'nneret. X. /. [from ianiier.'] A
knight made in the field, with the cere-
mony of cutting off the point of his
ftandard, and making it a banner. They
are next to barons in dignity; and were
anciently called by fummons to parlia-
ment. Blount.
A gentleman told Henry, that Sir Richard
Croftes, made banneret at Stoke, was a wile man j
the Icing anfwcred, he doubted not that, but mar-
velled how a fool could know. CamJen.

Ba'nnerol, more properly Banderol.
«./. [from bandirole, Fr.] A little flag
or .ftreamer.

K ng Ofwald had a banntrel of gold and purple
fet over his tomb. Camden.

Ba'nnian. n. /. A man's undrefs, or
morning gown, fuch as is worn by the
Bannians in the Eaft Indies.

B a'n NOCK. n.f. A kindofoatenor peafe-
meal cake, mixed with water, and baked
npon an iron plate over the fire ; ufed in
the northern counties, and in Scotland.

BA'NQUET. n.f. {banquet, Vt. banchetio,
ital. ■va/tqueto. Span.] A feaft ; an en-
tertainment of meat and drink.

If a fading day come, he hath ou that day a
ianfltet to make. Hicker.

In his commendations 1 am fed j
It is a banquet to me. Sbakefpeare.

Yon cannut have a perfirft palace, except you
hive two fides j a lide for the banquet, and a lidc for
the houfchold \ the one for fcafts and triumphs, antl
the other for dwcUinp. Bacon.

Shall the companions make a banquet of him r
T.i3\\ they part him among the merchants ? jfob.

At that tailed fruit,
The fan, as firom Thyefttan banquet, tutn'd
H\s courfc intended. MUton. \

That dar";» prclV^r the toUi of Hercules
To dalliance, bartqaots, and ignoble e^fe. Dryden. .

TsBa'nqcet. f. a. [from the noun.]
To treat any one with feafts.

Welcome his friends,
Vifit his countrymen and banquet them. SbaMp.'

Vol.1. '

BAP

' They were banqueted by the way, and the nearer
they approached, the mott cncreafed the nobility.
Sir y, llaywaid.

To BA'Nt^uET. V. «. To feaft ; to fare
daintily.

The mind ffiall banquet, tho' the bndy pine:
Fat paunches make lean pates, and dainty bits
Make rich the ribs, but bankerout the wits. Shah.

So long as his innocence is his repaft, he feafts
and banquets upon bread and water. South.

I purpas'd to unbend the evening hours.
And banquet private in tlie women's bow'rs. Prior,

Ba'nqueter. tt. /. [from banquet.l
I . A feafter ; one that lives delicioufly.
z. He that makes feafts.
Ba'nciuet. HOUSE. 7 w.yr [from ^/Tff-

Ba'nqueting-house. \ quet and hou/e.']
A houfe where banquets are kept.

In a banqueiing-touje, among certain pleafant
trees, the table was fet near to an excellent water-
work. Sidney.

At the walk's end behold, how rais'd on high
A bai:quet-houfc falutes the fouthern Iky. Drydcn.

BAN^E'TTE. n.f. [Fr. in fortification.]
A fmall bank at the foot of the para-
pet, for the foldiers to mount upon when
they fire.

Ba'kstici-e. w.yT Afnialififli, called alfo
a ftickleback. Pungitiui.

To BA'NTER. -v. a. [a barbarous word,
without etymology, unleis it be derived
from badiner, Fr.] To play upon ; to
rally; taturn to ridicule ; to ridicule.

The magillrate took it that he bantered him, and
bade an officer take him into culiody. L'Ejirange.

It is no new thing far innocent fimplicity to be
the fubjefk of bantering drolls. L'Ejirange.

Could Alcinous' gueDs with-hold
From fcorn or rage? Shall we, cries one, permit
His icud ronr.ances, and \\i%.bant''ring wit i Tate.

Ba'nter. n.f. [from the verb.] Ridi-
cule ; raillery.

This humour, let it look never fo filly, as it _
paifes many times for frolick and banter, is one oi
the moft pernicious fn.irco in human life.

h'Ejirange.
Mctaphylicks are fo neccflary to a diftir.ft con-
ception, (olid judgment, and juft reafoning on
many fubjefts, that tbofe, who ridicule it, will be
fupptffcd to m;ike their wit and banter a refuge
and excufe for their own lazinefs. IVatts.

Ba'nterer. n.f. \ivOTa. banter. '\ One
that banters ; a droll.

What opinion have thefe religious hanterers of
the divine power ? Or what have they to fay for
this mockery and contempt ? L'Ejirange.

Ba'ntling. n.f. [If it has any etymo-
logy, it is perhaps corrupted from the
old word bairn, bairnling, a little child.]
A little child : a low word.

If the obje^ of their love
Chance by Lucina's aid to prove.
They feldom let the bantling roar,
lu b.ilkct, at a neighbour's door. Prior.

Ba'ptism. n.f. lbafitifmus,Lzt.i?a7rlio-f^k-]

1. An external ablution of the body, with
a certain form of words, which operates
and denotes an internal ablution or v/afli-
ing of the foul from original fin. Ayliffe.

Baptijm is given by water, and that prefcript form
of words which the church of Chrift doth ufc.

Hooker.
To his great baptifn flock'd,
V.'lth awe, the regions round j and with them came
From Nazareth tlie fon of Jofcph dcem'd,
Unmark't, unknown. Milton.

2. Bapiifm is often taken ia Scripture for
fufferings.

BAR

I nave a baptifm to be baptized with, «nd how
am I ftraitencd till it be accompli (hed ? Luke.

Bapti'smal. adj. [from haptifm.'\ Of
or pertaining to baptifm.

When wc undertake the baftifmal vow, and enter
on their new life, it would be apt to difcourage us.

Hanrmcnd.
Ba'ptist. n.f [bapi/e,Fr. ^airVm-]
He that adminifters baptifm.

Him the Bapliji foon
Defcry'd, divinely warn'd, and wicnefs bore
As to his worthier. Milton.

Ba'ptisterv. tt. f [laplijierium,hi.t.'\
The place where the facrament of bap-
tifm IS adminiftered.

The great church, baptijiery, and leaning tower,
are well worth feeing. Addifon.

reBAPTI'ZE. -v.a. \baftifer,'St. from
^airli^w.] To chriften ; to adminiftcr the
facrament of baptifm to one.

He to them jhall leave in charge.
To teach all nations what of him they learn'd.
And his falvation ; them who (liall believe.
Baptizing in the profluent ftream, the figit
Of walhing them from guilt of fin, to life
Pure, and in mind prepar'd, if fo befal.
For death, lilcc that which the Redeemer died.

MUton.

Let us refleft that we are Chriftians j that we

are called by the name of the Son of God, and

baptized into an irreconctleable enmity with fin,

the world, and the devil. Rogers.

Bapti'zer. n.f [from To baptize.] One
that chriftens; one that adminifters
baptifm.

BAR. n.f [barre, Fr.]

1. Apiece of wood, iron, or other matter,
laid crofs a pafTage to hinder entrance.

And he made the middle bar to Ihoot through
the boards from the one end to the other. Exodus.

2. A bolt ; a piece of iron or wood fattened
to a door, and entering into the poft or
wall, to hold the door clofe.

The filh-gjte did the fons of Hafienaah build)
who alfo laid the beams thereof, and fft up the
doors thereof, the locks thereof, and the bars
thereof. Nchemiah.

3 . Any obftacle which liinders or obftruils ;
obllruftion.

I brake up for it my decreed place, and fet bart
and doors, and faid, Hitherto flialt thou come, and
no farther. Jib.

And had his heir furviv'd him in due courfe,
Whatlimits, England, hadft thou found ? whatiar?
What world could have refilled ? Dan. Civ. fVar,

Hard, thou know'ft it, to exclude
Spiritual fubftance with corporeal bar. Milton.

Muft I new bars to my own joy create,
Rcfufe myfclf, what I had forc'd from fate ? Dryd.

Fatal accidents have ftt
A moft unhappy ^flr between yourfricndfliip. Hotce.

4. A rock, or bank of fand, at the en-
trance of a harbour or river, which
ftiips cannot fail over at low water.

5. Any thing ufed for prevention, or ex-
clusion.

IxA examination Ihould hinder and lett ypur
proceedings, behold for a iar againft that impe-
diment, one opinion newly added* Hobker.

Which Salique land the French unjuftly glote
to be
The founder of this law, and female bar. Shakefp.

6. The place where caufes of law are X,r\-
ed, or where criminals are judged ^ fo
called from the bar placed to hinder
crowds from incommoding the court.

The great duke
Came to the bar, where to his accufations
He pleaded ftiU not guilty. Hhtikefttart.

V ■ Sum*

BAR

Some It At htr with fpbtlety defend,
Or on the bench tlie knotty Uws untye. DryJin.

7. An inclofed place in a uvern or coffee-
houfe, where the houfekceper fits and
receives reckonings.

I WIS under fome apprehtnfion tint thev would
tpptal to mc i and theref ire laid down my penny
at the tar, and made the bell of my way. Addijor..

8. [In law.] A peremptory exception
agalnft a demand or plea brought by the
defendant in an aftion, that deflroys the
afUon of the plaintiff for ever. It is di-
vided into a bar to common intent, and
a bar fpecial : a tar to a common in-
tent, is an ordinary or gener.1l bar, that
difables the declaration or plea of the
plaintiff; a bar fpecial, is that which
15 more than ordinary, and falls out in
the cafe in hand, upon fome fpecial cir-
cumftance of the faft. Co--well.

Baftardy is laid In bar of fomething that is
principally commenced. Ayliffe.

9. Any thing by which the compages or
ftrufture is held together.

I went down to the bottoms of the mountains :
the earth, with her ben, was about me for ever.

yctiah,

10. Any thing which is laid acrofs ano-
ther, as bars in heraldry.

1 1 . Bar of Geld or Silver, is a lump or
wedge from the mines, melted down in-
to a fort of mould, and never wrought.

12. Bars of a Horfe. The upper part of
the gums between the tufks and grinders,
which bears no teeth, and to which the
bit is applied, and, by its fridlion, the
horfe governed.

13. Bars, in Mufick, are ftrokes drawn
perpendicularly acrofs the lines of a
piece of raufick ; ufed to regulate the
beating or meafure of mufical time.

14. Bar, in African traffick, is uftd for a
denomination of price ; payment being
formerly made to the Negroes almoll
wholly in iron bars.

Earshot, n.f. Two half bullets joined
together by an iron bar ; ufed in fea en-
gagements for cutting down the mafts
and rigging.
To Bab. 'u. a. [from the noun.]
J, To fallen or ftiut any thing with a bolt,
or bar.

My duty carniot fulfer
T* obey in all your daughter's hard commands j
Though their injunQion be to bar my doors,
And let this tyrannous niglit take hold upon you.

Sbnifjprare.
When you bar the window-ftiutters of your la-
dy's bed-chamber at nights, leave open the falhes ,
to let in air. Sivift.

». To hinder ; to obftruft.

When law can d» no- right,
Let it be lawful, that law bar no wrong. Sheiifp.

3. To prevent ; to exclude ; to make im-
prafticable.

The houfes of the country \*«re ill ftattcrcd,
and yet not fo far ofl'as that it barrtJ mut^'ni fic-
cour. SiJuy.

Dath it not feeni a thing Tery probable, thit
Cod doth purp-)fely add, Do after my judgments;
as giving thereby to und^rftand, thjt his- rnein-
Ing in the former fcntencc was but to bar fimili-
tude in fuch things as were repugnant to his ordi-
nances, laws, and ftatutcg ? Hooker.

4. T» detain, by excluding the claimants ::
with yroOT,

BAR

Hath he fet bound» between their Io»e and tne ?
I am their raothcr ; who Ihall bar Attn from me ?

Shakefpeari.

5. To fhut out : whh from.

Our hope of Italy not only loft.
But (hut from cv'ry {hoie, and larr'J frim ev'ry

coaiT. Dryiitr,

6. To exclude from ufe, right, or claim :
withyro»i before the thing.

God hath abridged it, by barring aafnm fome
things of themfdves inuift'crent. Hooktr.

Give my voice on Richard's fide.
To bar my mdfter's heirs in true dcfcent !
God knows 1 will not. Sbakefpcarc.

His civil afts do bind and bar them all j
And as from Adam all corruption take.
So, if the father's crime be capital,
In all the blood law dotli corruption make.

Siry. Dav'iet.

It was thought fufScient not only to exclude
them from that benefit, but to bar them/rcm their
money. Ctarcndcn.

If he is qualified, why is he barred the profit,
when he only performs the conditions ? Col. on PriJe.

7. To prohibit.

For though the law of arms doth bar
The ufe of venom'd fliot in war. Hudibau

What is a greater pedant than a mere man of
the town .' Bar him the playhoufes, and you ftiike
hini dumb. Addijon,

8. To except ; to make an exception.

Well, we (hall fee your bearing —
Nay, but I bar to-night ; you fhall not gage me
By what we do to-ni^ht. Shaktjpeare,

9. [Inlaw.] Tohindertheprocefsofafuit.

But buff and belt men never know ihefe cares ;
No time, nor trick of law, their aflion ban :
Their caufc they to an eafier ilTue put. Drydcn.

From fuch delays as conduce to the finding out
of truth, a criminal caufe ought not to be barred* ■

Aylife.

If a bilhop be a party to a fuir, and excom.nu-
nicates his adverfary, fuch excommunication fhall
not difable or bar h"« adverfary. Ayliffe.

10. To bar a. vein.

This is an operation performed upon
the veins of the legs of a horfe, and other
parts, with intent to flop the malignant
humours. It is done by opening the fkin
above it, difengaging it, and tying it
both above and below, and firiking be-
tween the two ligatures.
BARB. n.f. [/5<j;-^«, a beard, Lat.]

1. Any thing that grows in the place of a
beard. ■

The barbel is fo called, by reafon of the barb or
wattels at his mouth, or under his chaps.

H-'alton's Angler.

2. The points that ftand backward in an
arrow, or filliing-hook, to hinder them
from being extradted.

Nor 1-fs fir Sjiartan fear'd, before he found
Thclhining/^tfriapiearabove thewound. Fife's 11.

3. The armour for horfes.

Their lijiica were naked, without any ba-bi ;

for albeit uuny brought jar^i, lew i-egarded to put

them on. Hayivard.

Barb. ». /. [contrafted from Barbary.]

A Barbary horfe.

Hoifes brouy .L from Barbary, are commonly of
a (lender Ijgbi fizc, and very lean, ulually cliofen
for Itillions. S.irbt, it is. faid, may die, but never
grow old; the vigour and mettle of barbs ncvc
ceaf; bu: with their life. Furrier's DiS.

7a Barb. f. a. [from the noun.]
I. To (have ; to drefs out the beard.

i>)\avc the head, and tie the bead, and fay it
wa, the dtCu'^ of the penitent to be fo barbed bcfoie
his J-iatti. Shattfpeare.

a. To furnifh horfes with armour. See
Barbed..

BAR

A warriour train
That like a deluge pour'd upon the plain ;
On borbtd deeds they rode, in proud array,
1 hick as the college of the bees in May.

Drydtn't Fabltt.

3. To jag arrows with hooks.

'1 he twanging bowi
Send (bowers of (hafts, that on their barbed pointi
Alternate ruin bear. Piilift.

Ba'rbacan. n.f. lbarbacane,Fi. baria-
cana. Span.]

1 . A fortification placed before the walls
of a town.

Within the barbatan > porter fate,
Day and night duly keeping watch and ward :

Nor wight nor word m tc pafs out of the gate.
But in good order, and wi h due regard. Fairy iQ.

2. A fortrefs at the end of a bridge.

3. An opening in the wall through which
the guns are levelled.

Barba'does CA/rr)i. [malfhigia, Lat.]
In the Wed Indies, it rifes t) be fifteen or fix-
teen feet high, where it produces gri;at quantities of
a piealant tart fruit ; propagated in gardens there,
but in Europe it is a curiofity. Mtller,

Barba'does Tar. A bituminous fub-
ftance, differing little from the petro-
leum floating on feveral fprings in Eng-
land and Scotland.

Wood'ward's Method of Foffih.

Barba'rian. n.f. [barbarus, Lat. It
feems to have figniSed at firll only a. fo-
reign or i foreigner; but, in time, impli-
ed Ibme degree of wildnefs or cruelty.]

1 . A maa uncivilized ; untaught ; a la-
vage.

Froud Greece all nations elfc barbarians held,
BoalUng, her learning all the world exceli'd.

Denbam*

Theic were not different gods among the Greeks
and barbarians* StiUingJieet*

But with dcl'cending (how'rsof brimilonefir'd,
The wiid barbarian in the dorm expir'd. AJdifvn*

2. A foreigner.

1 would they were barbarians, as they are.
Though ill Rome I tter'd. Shakifp- Ccrislanus,

3. A brutal monfter ; aman without pity :
a term of reproach.

Thou fell barbarian I
What had he done ? what could provoke thy mad-

nefs
To a(ra(rinatc fo great, fo brivc a man ? A. Pbilifs.

Barba'rian. adj. Belonging to barba-
rians ; lavage.

Some felt tiie filent ftroke of mould'ring ag?,

Barbanan blinJnefs. P^fie*

Barba'rick. adj. [barbaricui, Lat. ir»

a different fenle, it means in Latin

<wrought, fretted.'] Foreign ; far-fetched..

The gorgeous Eaft, with riclied band,
Show'rs on her kings harbariik pearl and gold.

ParadifeLijt..
The eaftern front was glorious to bthold.
With diamond flaming and barl^arick gold. Pc^e.
Ba'rbarism. n.yl [barbari/mui, Lat.]

1. A form of fpeech contrary to the purity
and exadnels of any language.

The language is as ncjr appioaching to it. as
our moicrn barbarifm willalloWj whit:h is all that
can be expefted from any now extant.

Drydens ywiteral. Dedication*

2. Ignorance of arts ; want of learning.

1 h.ive for barbarifm fpoke mote
Than for that angel knowledge you can fay. Stai..

The genius of Raphael having, fucoeeded to tlje
times of barbarifm and ignorance, the knowledge
of painting is now arrived to perfcftion.

Drjdcn's Dufrifmy, Preftice.

'' 3- Brutality f,-

BAR

BAR

BAR

3. Brutality; favagenefs of manners ; in-
civility.

Moderation ought to be haJ in tempering and
managing tlic iriih, to bring them from their de
light of licentious btirlfarifm unto tre iove of good-
nefs and civifKy. Sj-enfir'iJreltind,

Divers great monarchies have nfen from bar-
banjm to civility, and fallen again to ruin.

Daiirs en IrJur.d^

4. Cruelty; barbarity; unpitying hard-
nefs of heart : not in ufe.

Triey mutt perforce have melted,
An\i harbiirijm\tW\i havepiticdhim- .'?i»iii. i?/ri.II.
Barba'rity. n.f. [^{rom barbarous "l

1. Savagenefs ; incivil ty.

2. Cruelty ; inhumanity.

And ti.ey did [rpat him with all the rudenefs,
reproach, ard barbunty imaginable. Clarcndcn.

3. Barbarifm; impurity of fpeech.

Next Pcfaxch foliowM, and in him we fee
Whit rhyme, improv'd in all its height, can be ;
At beft a pleaiing found, and Iweet barbarity • OryJ.

Lat.n expieile^ that In one word, which either
the ^iir/uri/y or narrow nefa of modern tongues can-
tiot iupply in more. Dryden.

Aft'edicd refinements, which tnded by degrees
in many barbariim, before the CotlU had invaded
Italy. Sviifi.

BA'RBAROUS. adj. {barbare, Fr. 0«f-

1. Stranger to civility; favage ; uncivi-
lized.

What need I fay more to you ? What ear is fo
tarbarout hut hath heard of Amphialus ? Sidney.

The doubtful djm el dare not yet commit
Her fingle pcrfon to their barbarous truth. Fairy S^.

Thou art a Roman ; be not barbarous. Hbakijf.

He left governour, Philip, for his countiy a
Phrygian, and for manners more barbarous than
he that fet him there. Mace.

A barbarous country muft be broken by war,
before it be capable of government ; and when
fubdued, if it be not well planted, it will eftfoons
return to barbarifm. Daviis on Ireland.

2. Ignorant ; nnacquainted with arts.

They who rcftorcd painting in Germany, not
having thofe reliques of antiquity, retained that
barbarous manner. Dryden.

3. Cruel ; inhuman.

By their ^i;ri<irc«i ufage, he died vtrithin a few
days, to the grief of all that knew him. Ctartndon.
BA'uBAROUSLr. ad-v. [from barbarous. ]

1. Ignorantly; without knowledge or arts.

2. In a manner contrary to the rules oi'
fpeech.

We barbareufy call them bleft,
Wkilefwcllingcoffers break theirownersreft. Slefn.

3. Cruelly ; inhumanly.

But yet you barbaroujly murdered him. Dryden.

She wifhes it may profper ; but her mother
ufed one of her nicres very barbaroujly, Sf relator.
Ba'rbarousness. »./. [ftomlarbarouj.]
J. Incivility of manners.

Excel.cncies of mufick and poetry are grown
to be little more, but the one Addling, and tiie other
rhimjng j and arc indeed very worthy of the ig-
noiance of the friar, and the bjrbaroufne/s of the
Goths. Trmf/e.

2. Impurity of language.

it IS much degenerated, as touching the pure-
nrfi of fpeech j being overgrown with burharouf-
nefs. hrereitiwd.

3. Cruelty.

The harbarovjnejs of the trial, and the perfuafives
of the clergy, prevaited to antiquate it.

Hale's Common Laiv.

To'B f.' t.tf.cv t. "v. a. A term ufed in the

Weft Indies for drefling a hog whole ;

which, being fplit to the backbone, is

laid fiat upon a large gridiron, raifed

about two foot above a charcoal fire,
with which it is furrounded.

Oldfieid, with more than hirpy throat endued.
Cries, Send me, gods, a whole hn^barbecued. Pnpe.

Ba'rbecue. ti. /. A hog dreft whole, in

the Well Indian manner, 'j
Ba'rbed. fart. adj. [from To barb."]

1. Fiirnilhed with armour.

His g!ittering aimour he will command to ruft.
His barbed Heeds to ftables. Sbakeff. Richard II.

2. Bearded ; jagged with hooks or points.

If I conjefture right, no drirzling (how'r.
But rattling ftorm of arrows /;^r^V with fire. Afi/t.
Ba'rbel. n./. [barbus, Lat.]

1. A kind of fiih found in rivers, large and
ftrong, butcoarfe.

Ihe barbel is fo called, hy reafon of tlie barb
or wattels at his mouth, or under hs chaps.

JVallon's .Angler.

2. Knots of fuperfluous flelh growing up in
the channels of the mouth of a horfe.

Farrier's Dicl.
Ba'rber. n.f. [from To barb. '\ A man
who (haves the beard.

His chamber bein^ ftived with friends or fuitors,
he gave his legs, arms, and brearts to his fervants
to drefs i his head :^nA fjcc to his barber, his eyes
Co his letters, and his ears to petitioners* fVotton.

Thy Loift'rous look; ,
No worthy match for valour to alt'ail.
But by the barhir''^ razor belt fubdued. Milton.

What fyllera, Dick, has right averr'd
The caufc, why woman has no beard ?
In points like thcfe we mult agice ;
Our barber knows as much as we. Prior.

To Ba'rber. v. a. [from the noun.] To
drefs out ; to powder.

Our courteous Antony,
Whom ne^er the word of No woman heard fpcak.
Being iaritrV ten times o'er, goes to tke feaft.

Sbakrfpfare.

Barber-Chirurceon. «./ .^ man who
joins the praftice of furgery to the bar-
ber's trade ; fuch as were all fiirgeons
formerly, but now it is ufed only for a
low pradifer of furgery.

He put himfelf into barber-ebirurgeons hands,
who, by unfit applications, ratified the tumour.

fyifeman*s Surgery.

Barber-mokcer. n./. A word of re-
proach in Shakefpcare , which feems to
fignify a fop ; a man decked out by his
barber.

Draw, yoo rogue ; for though it be night, the
moon Ihinesj I'll make a fop of the moonihine
of you ; you whorefon, cullionly, barber •mrmger,
draw, Shakejfeare" s King Lear.

Ba'r berry, n.f. \barberis, Lat. or oxya-
canthm.'\ Pipperidge bulh.

The fptcies arc, i. The common barberry.
2. Barberry without Itoncs. 'I'bc firft of thefc
forts is very common in England, afwl often planted
for hedges. Miller.

Sarberry'ii a plant that bears a fruit very ul'eful
in houfewifery ; that which beareth its fruit with-
out itones is counted heft. Mortimer.
Bard. «. / {bardii,'Wc\(i\.'] A poet.

There is among the Iriih a kind of people called
bards, which are to them instead of poets j whole
profeiTion is to fet forth the pfaifes or difpraifcs
of men in their p icms or rhime ; the which arc
Iiad in high regard and eltimation among them.
Spenfer on Ireland.

And many bards that to the trembling chord
Can tune their timely voices cunningly. Fairy ^_

The bard who firft adorn'd our native tongue
Tun'd to his Britiih lyre this ancient fong,
Which Homer might without a blufh rehearfe.

Dryden.

BARE. ae/j. [bajie. Sax. lar, Dan.]

1 . Naked ; without covering.

The trees are bare and naked, which ufe both *•
cloath and houfe the kern. Spenjer on IrelanJ.

Then ftretch'd her arms t' embrace the body
biirc ;
Her clafping hands inclofe but empty air. Diydcn,^

In the old Roman rtatues, thefe two parts were
always bare, and cxpofed to view as much as our
hands and face. ^iddijcis*

2. Uncovered in refpeft.

Though the lords ufed to be covered whilft the
commons were bare, yet the commons would not
be bare before the Scottiih commiiliohers ; and fo
none were covered. Chrend^.n.

3. Unadorned ; plain ; fimple ; without
ornament.

Yet was their manners then but bare and plain;
For th' antique world excefs and pride did hate,

Sfenfef,

4. Detefted ; no longer concealed.

Thefe falfe pretexts and varniftiM colours failingf
£are in thy guilt, how foul tliou mail appear !

Milton,

5. Poor ; indigent ; wanting plenty.

Were it for the glory of God, that th^ clergy
/hculd be left as lare as the apottles, wheii tliey
had neither ftaft" nor fcrip ; God would, I hcpff,
endue them with the felf-fame affeflion,

Booher^s Preface*

Even from a hare treafury, my fuccel's has been
contrary to that of Mr. Cowley. Dryders,

6. Mere ; unaccompanied with ufual re-
commendation.

It was a bare petition of a ftate
To one whom they had puniftied. Sbakefpear\

Nor are men prevailed upon by bare words, only
through a defeat of knowledge; but carried, witli
thefe putfs of wind, contrary to knowledge. South*

7. Threadbare ; much worn.

You haye an exchequer of words, and no other
trcafurefor your followers; for it appears, by their
bare liveries, tbac they live by your forewords.

Sbakefpearcm

8. Not nnited with any thing elfe.

A defire to draw all things to the detarmination
of bare and naked Scripture, hath caufed much
pains to be taken in abating the credit of man*

Flooker*

That which offendeth us, is the great difgrace
which they ofter unto our cuftom oi bare reading
the word of Cod. Hooker*

9. Wanting clothes j flenderly fupplied
with clothes.

10. Sometimes it has of before the thing
wanted or taken away.

Tempt not tile brave and needy to defpair;
For, tho' your violence ftiould leave them bare
Oygold and filvcr, fwords and darts remain,

Dryden^s JuvenaU

Making a law to reduce intereft, will not raile
the price of land; itWill only leave the country
barer of money, Locke*

To Bare. 'v. a. [from the adjedlive.] Ta
firip ; to make bare or naked.

Tile turtle, on the bared branch.
Laments tli; wounds that death did launch.

Spenfer,

There is a fabulous narration, that an herb

groweth in tlic likencfs of a lamb, and feedeth

upon the grois, in fuch fort as it will bare the grafs

round about. Bacon^s Natural Uijlory*

Eriphyle here he found
Baring her breaft yet bleeding witii the wound.

Urydei^
H/ bar'd an ancient oak of all her boughs ;
Tiien on a rifing ground the trunk he pi ic'd,

Drydau
For virtue, when I point the pen.
Bare the mean heart that lurks beneath a ftar j
Can there be wanting, to defend her caule.
Light* of the diurch, or guardians oi the lavs }

Poft.

U 2 Bakc«

BAR

BAR

BAR

Bare, br Bore. The pnteritt of Jo bear.

See To Bear.
Ba'reBone. n. /. [from hare and bcne.l

Lean, fo that the bones appear.

Here comes leaa Jack, here comes lartttme :
how long i< it tgo. Jack, fmce thou faweft thy
own kaeet Sbai^peart'i Hfiry IV.

Ba'refaced. atlj. [from bare andyjj^r]

1. With the face naked ; not ma&ed.

Your French crowns have bo hair at all, and
then you will play ^arr^Affi/.

Stakefji. Midfummtr Night't Drcim.

2. Shamelefs ; unreferved ; without con-
cealment ; undifguifed.

The anin-.ofitifs encreafed, «Bd the parties ap-
peared barefaci:d againil each other. Clarendon.
It is moft certain, tiut htrefaccd bawdry is the
poorefl pretence to wit imaginable. Dryiir.

Barefa'cedly. adv. [from iare/aceJ.']
Openly ; (hamefully ; without difguife.

Though only fome profligate wretches own it too
iare/acrdlj, yet, perhaps, we fliould hear more, di J
»ot fear tic people's tongues. Lci-h.

Barefa'cedness. »;/. [from barefaced.']
EiFrontery ; aflurance ; audacioufnefs.

Ba'refoot. adj. [from bare and /«»/.]
Having no fhoes.

Going to find a barifmi brother out,
One of our order. Shakeff. Rnneo and yuliet.

Ba'refoot. adv. Without fhoes.

She mull have a hulband ;
I muft dance barefoot on her wedding-day. Sbati.

Ambitious love hath fo in me ofiended.
That btrefxt plod I the cold groond upon
With fainted vow. Sbalufpmre.

Envoys defcribe this holy roan, with bis Al-
caydes about him. Handing barefoot, bowing to the
earth. Mdijon.

Barefo'oted. adj. Being without (hoes.

He bimfelf, with a rope about his neck, bare-
footid, came to oS'er himfelf to the difcretion of
Lconatus. Sidney.

Baregna'wn. adj. [from bare and
gaantm.'] Eaten bare.

Know my name is loft.
By treafon's tooth bariptavin and cankcrbit.

Sbakffpeare*] King Lear.

Bar'ehe'aded. adj. [frotn bare aad bead.]
Uncovered in refpeft.

He, bareheaded, lower than his proud deed's neck,

fiefpdke them thus. SbakefpeareU Richard II.

Next, before the chariot, went two men bare-

■ bttdtd. Bacon.

The victor knight had laid his helm afide,
Barcheadedx popularly low he bowM. Drjd, Tables,
Ba'relY. adv. [from bare.]
I. Nakedly,
a. Poorly ; indigently,

3. Without decoration.

4. Merely ; only ; without any thing more.

The extsmal adminiilration of his word, is as
welt by reading barely the Scripture, as by explain-
ing the fatnc. Hooker.

The doke of Lancafter is dead ;
And living too, for now his fon is duke«—

■ ■ Barely in title, not in revenue. Sbak.Rich. II.

He barely nam'd the ftrect, promised the wine.
But his kind wife gave me the very fign. Donne.

Where the balance of trade barely pays for com-
modities with commodities, there money muft-bc
fcnt, or elfe the debts cannot be paid. Locke.

Ba'reness. «./ [from^ar^.]
I. Nakednefs.

So you ferve us
.STill we ferve you ; but when you have our rofes.
You barely leave our thorns to prick ourfelves.
And mock us with our bartntfs, Shakej'feare.

i. Leannefs.

For their poverty, I know not where they had
*hati and for their baren'f, they never learned
Ifaat of mc. Sbah'J^tari.

3. Poverty.

Weie ic lUipped of its privileges, ihd made as
like the primitive church for ttibareneji as its pu-
rity, itcould legally want all fucbpriviligci. Sourt.

4. Meannefs of clothes.
BA'RGAIN. a./, [barsen, WeWi ; bar-

gaigne, Fr.]

1. A contract or agreement concerning
the fale of fomeihing.

What is marriage but a very i«rpa;>i f wherein is
fought alliance, or portion, or reputation, with
fonie dcfire of ilTuei not the faithful nuptial union
of man and wife. Bacon.

No more can be due to me,
Than at the bargain made was meant. Donne.

2. The thing bought or fold ; a purciiafe ;
the thing purchafed.

Give mc bjt my price for the other t«ro, and you
(hall even have that into iYx bargain. VEfrange.

He who is at the charge of a tutor at home,
may give his fon a more genteel carriage, ".•itfi
greater learning into the bargain, than any at
fchool can do. Locke.

3. Stipulation ; interefted dealing.

There was a difference between courtelies re-
ceived from their mailer and the duke ; for that
the duke's might have ends of utility and bargain,
whereas their mailer's could not. Bacon.

4. An unexpefted reply, tending to ob-
fcenity.

Where fold he bargains, whlpftitch ? Drydcn.

As to bargains, few of them fecm to be excel-
lent, becaufe they all terminate in one fingle
point. Swift.

No maid at court is lefs afham'd,
Howe'er for felling bargains fam'd. Sioift.

5. An event ; an upfhot : a low fenfe.

I am forry for thy misfortune ; however we
muH make the beft of a bad bargain.

jirbutbnet's Hijiory of John Bull.

6. In law.

Bargain and fale is a contrail or agreement
raadc for manours, lands, &c. Mo the transfer-
ring the property of them from the bargainer to the
bargainee. Ctnoell.

TcBa'rcain. v.n. [from the noun.] To
make a contraft for the fale or purchafe
of any thing : often withyir before the
thing.

Henry is able to enrich his queen.
And not to feek a cjueen to make him rich.
So worthlefs peafants bargain fr their wives.
As market men for oxen, flieep, or horfe. Shak.

For thofe that arc like to be ip plenty, they may
be bargained for upon the ground. Bacon.

The thrifty (late will bargain ere they fight.

Vryden.

It is poflible the great duke may bargain for the
republick of Lucca, ty the help of his great trea-
fures. - Addifott on Italy.

Bargainee', n. f. [from bargain.] He
or Ihe that accepts a bargain. See
Bargain.

Ba'rgainer. n.f. [hom bargain.] The
perfon who proffers, or makes a bar-
gain. See Bargain.

BARGE, n.f. [bargie, Dutch, from barga,
low Lat.]

I . A boat for pleafure.

The barge Ihe fat in, like a bumifli'd throne.
Burnt on the water. Sbakefftare.

Plac'd in the gilded barge.
Proud with the burden of fo fwect a charge ;
With painted oars the youths begin to fwccp
Neptune's fmooth face. iValler.

z. A fea commander's boat.

It was confulted, when I had taken my barge
and gone afliorc, that luy (hip Hiould have fct f.iil
and left me. Aalcigb.

3. A boat for burden,

Ba'rcer. «./. [from barge.] The mao**
ger of a barge.

Many wafarers make themfelvet glee, by put-
ting the inhabitants in mind of this privilege; who
again, like the Campellians in the north, and the
London bargers, forOow not to baigne them.

Careu*s Survty of Cornwall*

BARK. «./ [bard, Dan.]

1. The ri>i or covcr-iiig of a tree.

Trees laft according to the ftrcii^ih and quantl^
of their fap and juice ; being wen munited by their
^Ariiragainll the injuries of the air.

Bacon's Natural Hijhry,
Ward'ring ia the dark,
Phyficians for the tree have found the hark. Dtyi'

2. A fmall fhip. [from barca, low Lat.]

The duke of Parma mult have fiown, if he
would have come into England; for he could
neither get bark not.mariner to put to fea.

Bacon on the War with Spain,
It was that fatal and perfidious bark.
Built in th' eclipfe, and rigg'd with curfes dark.
That funk fo low that fncred head of thine. JUiU,

Who to a woman trulls his peace of mind,
Trull< a frail iark with a tempelluous wind.

Granville,
To Bark, v. n. [biojican, Saxon.]

1 . To make the noife which a dog makfs
when he threatens or purfues>

Sent before my time
Into this breathing world, fcarce half made up.
And that fo lamely and unfajhionably.
That dogs bark at mc. Sbake/p. Richard 111.

Why do your dogs bark fo > be there bears i'
th' town ? Sbakejpeare's Mirry Wives of Windfor,

In vain the herdman calls bim back again ;
The dogs Hand off afar, and bark in vain. Onalcy,

2. To clamour at ; to purfue with re-
proaches.

Vile is the vengeance on the aflies cold.
And envy bafe, 10 hark atdeeping fame. Fairy S^,

You dare patronage
The envious barking of your faucy tongue
Againft my lo(d ! Shakeffeare.

To Bark. v. a. [from the noun.] Tp
flrip trees of their bark.

The feveteft penalties ought to be put upon
barking any tree that is not felled. Temple.

Thefe tiees, after they are barked, .and cut into

fliape, are tumbled down from the mountains into

the ilream. Addipn.

Bark-bared, adj. [from ^ari and, i(jr^.]

Stripped of the bark.

Excorticated and bark-bared trees may be-pre-
feivcd by nourVfliing up a Ihoot from the foot^
or below the ftrippcd place, cutting the body of-the
tree Hoping off a little above the flioot, and it will
heal, and be covered with bark* MortiiKer,

Ba'rker. n.f, [{tora bark.]

1. One that barks or clamours.

What hath he done more than a bafe cur ?
barked and made a noife ? had a fool or two to
fpit in his mouth ? But they are rather enanwcs of
my fame than mc, thefe barkers. Sin yivf/r,

2. [fromiari of trees.] One that is em-
ployed in ftripping trees.

Ba'rky. adj. [from iari.] Confiflingof
bark ; containing bark.
Ivy lb enrings ihi barky fingers of the elm.

Shaiefpeare^

BA'RLEY. »./.. [derived hy Junius frpm
"n, hordeum.]

It hath a thick fpike ; the calyx,' bufk, awoj
and flower, ai-e like thofe of wheat or rye, but the
awns arc rough ; the feed is fwciling in the middle*,
and, for the moH part, ends in a Iharp point, to
which the hulks are clofely united. Tho fpecieft
are, i. Common long-eared barley. 2. Winter or
fquare barley, by fome called big. 3. Sprat barley,
or battledoor harlc). All thcle forts of barley are
fuwn in the fpring of the year, in a dry time. In
fome very dry light laud, the barley is fowa early

in

BAH

in Mirch} but in ftrong clay«y foils it n Ttoti
fovvn till April. The fiuare iarty, or iig, is
ch'.cfly cultivated in the north of England, and in
Scotland : md is hardier than the other forts.

Sarlty is emollient, moiftening, and eipeflo-
tating ; iarlry was chofen by Hippocrates as a
proper food in inflammatory diHempers.

jirbiitbr.ot in Alkmnts.

BA'aLEYBRAKE. n. /. A kind of rural
play.

By neighbours {irais'd flie went abroad thereby,

At harltjbrakt her fweet fwift feet to try. Sidney.

Baklev broth, n. f. [from iarky aud

broth.] A low word fometimcs ufed for

ftrong beer.

Can Cidden water,
A drench for furreyn'd jades, their et.:r!<y troth,
peco(f\.'Jieir cold blood to fuch valiant htat ? Sirei.
Barley corn. «. / [from iarley and
cem.] A grain of barley; the begin-
ning of our meafure of length; the third

part of an ind».
A long, long journey, choak'd with brakes and
thorns,
111 meafur'd by ten thoufand iarfty corns. Tickill.

Barley mow. ». / [from barley aijd
mow.] The place where reaped barley
is flowed up.

Whenever by yon harley mow I pafs,
Before my eyes will trip the tidy lafs. Cay.

BARM. «'./. [burm, WeJfti ; beopm. Sax.]
Yeaft ; the ferment put into drink to
raake it work ; and into bread, to
Jighten and fwell it.

Are you not he
That fometimes make the drink bear no harm,
Miflead night wind'rers, laughing at their harm ?

Sbahej'^eare.
Try the force of imagination upon (laying tlie
working of beer, when the barm is put into it.

Baccn.

Ba'rmy. aJj. [from barm.] Containing
barm ; yeafty.

Tbcir jovial n'ghts in frolicks and in pUy
They pafs, to drive the tedious hnurs away ;
And their cold Itomachs with crown'd goblits cheer
Of windy cider, and of Ajrrty beer. Drydcv.

Barn.»./. [befin. Sax.] A place or houfe
for laying up any fort of grain, hay, or
llraw.

In vain the bartii\x'^€t t^eir promisM load ;
Hor.iarm at. aome, oor reeks arc hcap'd abroad.

Drydai.
I took notice of the make of larn: here : i.jv-
ing laid a frame uf wood, they place, at the foui
corners, four blocks, jr. fic'i a ihapc as neither
mice nor vermin can crrep up. yi^idi/o"

B.\'rnaC!,e. n. f. [probably of beajin.
Sax. a child, and aac. Sax. an oak.]

1. A kind of Ibell-fiQi that grow. upon
timber that lies in tlie fea.

2. A bird like a goo£e, fabulously fuppofcd
to grow on trees.

;ltis beyond, even an athei.'l's credulity atld im-
pudence, to iSum that the ficfl m<:n migiit gri;»
. upon trees, as the ITary goes about hamadet j oi
might be the lice of fomc vaft prodigious animals,
ivhofe fpccies is now eicttn£l. Bcnttcy,

And from the moil rcfin'd of iainti
As naturaiiy grow mifcreants,
A.bart^acUs turn Soian'.l gecfe
\ i th' iHands of the Orcadea. TluJ'ihrai.

3. An inftrument made commonly of irou
for the ufe of farriers, tohold a horfe by
the Tiofe, to hinder him from ftruggling
when an incifion is made. Farr. D'Ui.

BARO'METER. n.f. [from /Ja^®-, weight,
and ^sTjoe, meafure ■] A machine fur

BAR

aieafuring the weight of the atmosphere,
and the variations in it, in order chiefly
to determine the changes of the weather.
It differs from the barofcope, which
only fhews that the air is heavier at one
time than another, without Ipecifying
the diiference. The barometer is founded
upon the Torricellian experiment, fo
called from Torriceiii, the inventor of
it, at Florence, in 1643. It is a glafs
tube filled with mercury, horizontally
fealed at one end ; the other open, and
immerged in a bafin of ftagnant mer-
cury : lb that, as the weight of the at-
mofphere diminiQies, the mercury in the
tube will dcfcend, and, as it increafes,
the mercury will afcend ; the column
of mercury fufpended in the tube being
always equal to the weight of the in-
cumbent atmofphere.

The mcafuring the heights of mountains, and
finding the elevation of places above the level of
the fca, hath been much promoted by barome-
trical experiments, founded upon that eiTentiaj
property of the air, its gravity or preflurc. Ai.
the column of mercury in the barometer iscounter-
poifed by a column of air of equal weight, fo what-
ever caufcs make the air heavier or lighter, the
prelTure of it will be thereby incrcafcd or teHened,
and of confequence the mercury will rife or fall.

Harriu

Gravity is another property of air, wheri:by it
cauntccpoifes a column of mercury from twenty-
fcvcn inches and one half to thirty and one half,
the gravity of the at.Tiofphere varying one -tenth,
which are its utmoil limits ; fo that the exadl
fpccifick gravity of the air can be determined
when the barometer (lands at thirty inches, with a
m dcr.ite lioat of the weather, ylrbiiibnoi on Air.
Barome'trical. adj. [Ssoai barometer.]
Relating to the barometer.

He is very accurate m making haromttrifal ant'
thcrmti-'nctrical i-nflruincnts. Derh. Pbyfico-Thecl.

,BA'RON. ». y; [The etymology of this
word is very uncertain. Baro, among
the Romans, lignified a brave warriour,
or a biutal man ; and, from the firft of
tlicfe figniiications. Menage derives ba-
ron, as a t,;rm of military dignity.
Othprs ioppoie it originally to fignify
only a man, in which fenle baron, or
•varoH, is ftill \ired by the Spaniards :
and, to confirm this conjefture, our law
yet ufes barot and/emi/ie, hulband and
wife. Others dedace it from ber, an
old Gauli.h word, iignifying ccaiman-
d-.r ; others from the flebrew llJ, of
the fame import. Some think it a con-
tradlion of far homtne, or feer, which
fecms leall probable.]

1 1 . A degree of nobility next to a vifcount.
It may be probably thought, tliat anci-

eiidy, in England, all thofe were wiled
b.}'ons, that had fuch figniories as we
no.v call court barons : and it is fald,j
that, after the Conqueft, all fuch came
to the parliament, and fat as nobles in
the upper houfe. But when, by expe-
rience, it appeared that the parliament
was too much crowded with fuch multi-
tudes, it became a cuftom, that none
Hiouid come but fuch as the king, for
their extraordinary wifdom or qu.ality,
thought good to call by writ ; which
writ ran bac vice tantu/n. After that.

BAR

men feeing tliat this Hate of nobility wa»
but cafual, and depending merely on the
prince's pleafure, obtained of the king
letters patent of this dignity to them
and their heirs male ; and thefe were
called barons by letters patent, or by
creation, whofe pollerity are now thofe
barons that are called lords of the par-
liament; of which kind the king may
create more at his pleafure. It is never-
thelefs thought, that there are yet barons
by writ, as well as barons by letter*
patent, and that they may be difcerned
by their titles ; the barons by writ being
thofe that, to the title of lord, have their
own furnames annexed ; whereas the
barons by letters patent are named by
their baronies. Thefe barons, which-
were firft by writ, may now juftly alfo
be called barons by prefcription ; for that
they have continued barons, in them-
felves and their anceftors, beyond the
memory of man. There are alfo baront
by tenure, as the bilhops of the land,
who, by virtue of baronies annexed to
their bilhopricks, have always had place
in the upper houfe of parliament, and
are called lords fpiritual.
z. Baron is an ofiicer, as barons of the ex-
chequer to the king : of thefe the prin-
cipal is called lord chief baron, and the
three others are his afliftants, between
the king and his fubjedls, in caufes of
juftice belonging to the exchequer.

3. There are al^ barons of the cinque-
ports ; two to each of the feven towns^
Haflings, Winchelfea, Rye, Rumney,,
Hithe, Dover, and Sandwich, that have
places in the lower houfe of parliament.

Cotuelll

They that bear
The cloth of (late above, are four barons.
Ofthecirr^ue ports. Shakefpeare;

4. Baron is ufed for the huiband in relation'
to his wife. Cozuell.

5. A Baron of Beef 1% when the two firloin*
are not cut afunder, but joined together,
by the end of the backbone. Di£l,

Ba'ronage. n.f. [from bann.]

1 . The body of barons and peers.

His tha, rers of the liberties or England, and of
the forcft, were hardly, and with difnculty, gained
by his bdnrage at Stilnes, ./?.' D. 1115. Ug/tt

2 . The dignity of a baron.

3. The land which gi't's title to a baron.
Ba'roness. «. /. [baronejh, Ttal. bar^-

nijfa, Lat.] A baron's lady.
Ba'ronet. n.f. \pi baron, and et, dimi-
nutive termination.] The lowed degree
of honour that is hereditary: it is below
a baron and above a knight ; and has
the precedency of all other knights, ex-
cept tlie knights of the garter. It was
fird founded by king Jaiqes I. A, D.
1611. Conveil. But it appears, by the
following paffage, that the term was ia
ufe before, though in another fenfe.

King Edward Ml. being bearded and eroffed by
the clergy, was advifed to direft out his writs to
certain gentlemen of the beft .ibilities, entitling
them therein barons in the next parliament By
which means he had fo many baront in his par'«
lianKBt, as were able to weigh dowa- the clergy j

whicb

B A R

which biroiu vtn not afterwirds lords, but iara-
ntti, u fuodry of them do yet rcuin the name.

Ba'rony. n. f. [tamttnie, Fr. beopny,
Sax.] That honour or lordfliip that gives
title to a baron. Such are not only the
fees of temporal barons, but of bilhops
alfo. Coiuell.

Ba'roscope. n.f. [Ba.f&- andcrxexi'ii.] An
inHrument to (hew the weight of the at-
jnofphere. See Barometer.

U there was always a cjim, the equilibrium
could only be changed by the contents j wlierc th'-
winds are not variable, the alterations of the ia-
riiJcGpe arc very fmall. Arbuthnnt.

Ba'rraCan. n.f. [boiiracan, or barracan,

Fr.] A ftrong thick kind ot camelot.
Bti'rrack. n.f. [larracca. Span.] ■■

1. Little cabins inade by the Spani/h
filhermen on the fea (hore ; or little
lodges for foldiers in a camp.

2. It is generally taken among us for build-
ings to lodge foldiers.

B.i'rrator. n. /. [from harat, old Fr.
from which is (HU retained barateur, a
cheat.] A wrangler, and encourager of
law-fuits.

Will it not refleft as much on thy charafler,
Nic, to turn harraicr in thy old days, a ftirrer-up
of quarrels amongil thy neighbours P

Arbuihuii'i Hijiory of John Bull-

Ba'rratry. n.f. [from ^arra/trr.] The
praftice or crime of a barrator ; foul
pradice in law.

'Tis arrant barratry, that bears

Point blank an a^ion *agriinfl our taws. Hudibras.
Ba'rrel. //./. [^<jr;7, Welfli.]
I. A round wooden veffel to be flopped

clofe.

It hath been obfcrved by one of the ancients,
that an empty barrel, knocked upon with »he
finger, giveth a diapafon to the found t>( the like
barrel full. Bacon.

Trembling to approach
The little barrel, which he fears to broach. Dryd.
a, A particular meafure in liquids. A
harrel oi wine is thirty-one gallons and
a half; of ale, thirty-two gallons; of
beer, thirty-fix gallons ; and of beer-
vinegar, thirty-four gallons.

3. [In dry meafure.] A barrel of Eflex
butter contains one hundred and fix
pounds ; of Sufl'olk butter two hundred
and fifty-fix. A barret of herrings
fhould corttain thirty-two gallons wine
meafure, holding ufually a thoufand her-
rings.

Several colleges, inftead of limiting their rents
to a certain fum, prevailed with their tenants to
pay tlic price of fo many harith of corn, as the
market went. Swift

4. Any thing hollow ; as, the barrel of a
gun, that part which holds the (hot.

Take the barrel 01 a long gun pcrfe^.y boreJ.
fet it upright with the breech upon the groumi
and take a bul'et exaftiy fit for it 4 tlieii, if you
fuck at the mouth of the barrel evir fo geiitiv,
the bullet will come up fo ri.fCibly, that it w i.
hazard rhe ftriking out your teeth. Digb)

5. A cylinder ; frequej tly that cylinder
about which any thing is wound.

Your rtr.ng and b>w mult lie accommodated t"
your driU; if too weak, it will not carry about t*'
barrel. M xon

6. Barrel of tht Ear, is a cavity behind tli

EAR

tympanum, covered with a fine mem-
brane. />/-•/.
To Ba'r rel. f. a. [from the noun.] To
put any thing in a band for preferva-
ticm.

I would have their bsef beforehand barretkJ,
which may be ufed as is needed. Spinfer on Irtt.

Barret up earth, and low fomc feed in it, and
put it in the bottom of a pond. Bacon.

BA'RREL-BELr.iED. ;z<j)'. [fiom barrel znd
belly.] Having a large belly.

Dauntlcfs at empty noifcs ; lofty-r.cck'd.
Sharp-headed, barrel-eclly'4, broadly b ick'ii. Dryd.
B.^'RREN. aHj. [bape, S.ix. naked ; pro-
perly applied to trees or ground un-
fruitful.]

1. Without the quality of producing its
kind ; not prolifick : applied to animals.

Thiry hail'd him father to a line of kings.
Upon my head they plac'd a fruitlcfs crown.
And put a Ifjrren fccptrc in my griju".
No fin of mine fucceeding. Sbaliefpeare.

There Ih-ill not be male or female barren among
ynii, or among your cattle. Deuteronomy.

2. Unfruitful ; not fertile ; fterile.

The lituation of this city is pleafant, but the
water is naught, and the ground barren, a Kings,

Tclcmachus is far from exalting the nature of
his country } he confcfiijs it to bebarrea. Pope.

3. Not copious; fcanty.

Some fchemes will appear barren of hints and
matter, but prove to be fruitful. Siuifi.

4. Unmeaning ; uninventive ; dull.

There be ol them that will make themfelves
laugh, to fct on fomc quantity of barren fpe&^tors
to laugh too. Sbakeffeare.

Ba'rrenly. aJ'v. [from barren."} Un-
fruitfully.

Ba'rrenness. n.f. [from barren."}

1. Want of offspring ; want of the power
of procreation.

I pray'd for children, and thought barrenneft
In wedlock a reproach. Altltcn.

No more be mentioned then of violence
Againll ourfelves ; and wilful barrcnnfsf
That cuts n» off from hope. Milton.

2. Unfruitful nefs; ftcrility ; infertility.

Within the felf-fame himlct, lands have divers
degrees of value, through the diverfity of their
fertility or harrennejs. Bacon.

3. Want of invention ; want of the power
of producing any thing new.

The adventures of UlyClcs arc imitated In the
JP.ncU j th"*U(;h the accidents are not the fame,
which would have argued him of a total barrennefs
of nvcntion. Drydtn.

4. Want of matter ; fcantinefs.

The importunity of our advcrfaries hath con-
ftrained us longer to dwell than the barrenneft of
fo poor a caufc could have feemed either to require
or to admit. Ho'kir.

5. [In theology.] Aridity; want of emo-
tion or fenUbility.

The gratcfl f.iints fometimes arc fervent, and

fometimcs feci a barrennefs of devotion. Tayhr.

Ba'rren wort. n. f. [epimedium, Lat.]

The name of a plant.
Ba'rr pui.. adjr. [from iar andy}*//.] Full
of obftru(flions.

A. birrful fiu(e\
Whoe*er I wio, mvfelf would be his wife. Sbak.
Barrica'de. n.f. [barricade, Fr.]

1. A fortificatio;i, made in halle, of trees,
earth, waggons, or any thing elfe, to
keep off an att^ick.

2. Any (lop ; bar ; obftruftion.

'I heiu muft be fucn a barricade, as would greatly
annoy, or ablolutc'y ftop, the currents of the at-
mofphcce. Derbam.

BAR

To Barrica'de. t. a. [barricdder, Fr.]

1 . To Hop up a pa(rage.
Now all tile pavement founds with tiainpUn(

feet,
And the mi«thtirry barr'icadet the ftrect;
Entangled here, the waggon's Icngthcn'd team.

Cay.

2. To hinder by ftoppage.

A new vulcano continually difchargtng that
matter, which being till then barricaded up and
imprifoncd in the bowels of t}ie earth, was the
occalloB of vei7 great and frequent calamities.

fVcod^vardm
Barrica'do. n.f. [iarricada, Spa.n.] A
fortification ; a bar ; any thing fixed to
hinder entrance.

The .iccefs was by a neck of land, between the
fca on one part, and the harbour water, or inner
fea, on the other; fortified clean ovcrwii^ a ftrong
rampier and barricade. Bacon*

■To Barrica'do. i». a. [from the noun.]
To fortify ; to bar ; to flop up.

Faft we found, fall Ihut
The difmal gates, and barricado'd ftrong I Milton,
He had not time to barricado the dgors ; fo that
tile enemy entered. Clarendon.

The truth of caufes we find fo obliterated, that
It fecms almoft barricaded from any iatelleflual
approach. - ' • Harvey.

B a'r r I E R. n.f [barrkre, Fr. It i: fome-
times pronounced with the accent oa
the lall fyllable, but it is placed more
properly on the firft.]
1 . A barricade ; an entrenchment.

Safe in the love of heav'n, an ocean flows
Around our realm, a harrier from the foes. Pepe,

z. A fortification, or (Irong place, as on
the frontiers of a country.

The queen is guarantee of the Dutch, having
poflcflion of the barrier, and the revenues thereof,
before a peace. S^'ift,

3. A (lop ; an obdrnftion.

If you value yourfelf as a man of learning, you.
are building a mbrt impalTable barrier againil im-
provement. Watts,

4. A bar to mark the limits of any place.

Fur juits, and tourneys, and harriers, ihc glories

of them are chiefly in the chariots, wherein the

' challengersmakc their entries. Bacon.

Pris'ners t^ the pillar bound,

At either b.irrter plac'd ; nor, captives made.

Be f.ted, 01 artn'd anew. Dryden,

5. A boundary ; a limit.

But wave whate'er to Cadmus may belong.
And fix, O mu/e, the barrier of thy fong
At Oedipus. Pope's Statiui,

How Inftin£l varies in the gros'cling Twine,
Compared, half rcas*ni"g elephant ! with thine]
'Twixt that and reafon what a nice barrier !
For ever fep'rate, yet ftr ever near. Pope,

Ba'rrister. a.f. [from^ar.] A per (on
qualified to plead caules, called an ad-
vocate or licentiate in other countries
and courts. Outer barrifiers are pleaders
without the bar, to didinguiih them
from inner barrifiers ; fuch are the
benchers, or thofe who have been read-
ers, the counfel of the king, queen, and
princes, who are admitted to plead
within the bar. A counfel'or at law.

Blount. Chambers,
Ba'r ROW. n.f. [bepepe. Sax fuppofed by
Skinner to come from bear.} Any kind
of carriage moved ^jy the hind ; as, a
iand-barroiv, a frame of boards, with
handles .it each end, carried between
two men ; a ivbeJ-barroiv, that which
one man puthcs forward by raifing it
upon one wheel.

Have

B A S

B A S

B A S

Have I lived to be carried in > bafkct, like a
iarrwi of butcher's oiFai, and thrown into the
Thame. ? Siahjfeare.

; No ba^rtn'S^ wh''ei

Shall mark, thy ftockiii^ with a mirv trace. Gap

Ba'rrow. » /. [bipj. Sax.] A hog:
whence harro'ju greafe, or hog's lard.

Barrow, whether in the beginning or
end of names of pieces, fignifies a
grove ; from beaj'.pe, which the Saxcns
uled in the fame fenle. Git en.

Barrow is likewiie ufed in Cornwall for
a hillock, under which, in old times,
bodies have been buried.

To BA'RTER. 'u. n. [iara/ter, Fr. to trick
in traffick ; from harat, craft, fraud.]
To trafhck by exchanging one commo-
dity for another, in oppolition to pur-
chafmg with money.

As it they fcorn'd to trade and barter,
By giving or by taking quirter. Hudibrai.

A ii.an has not every thing growing upon his
ibil, and theicfore is wUling tu barter with his
neighbour. Cdlier

7q Ba'rter. -v. a.

1. To give any thing in exchange for
fomething elfe.

For him was I exchang'd and ranfom'd ;
But with a bafer man of arms by far
Once, in contempt, they would have barttrj mc

Shahf[>iarc.

Then as thou wilt difpofe the reft,

To thoie who, at the market rate.

Can barter hon vtr roreftate. Prhr.

I fee Tiotning left us, but to truck and ba te>

our goods, like the wild Indians, with each ctlie .

Sit if t.

2. Sometimes it is ufed with the panicle
a'way before the thing given.

If [hey will barter aiuny tncir time, metUlnks
.they fliould at leail have tome eafe in exchange.

Dicaj if Pielj

He alfo bartered atoay plums, that would havi-

rotted in a week, for nuts tliat would lall good fur

his eating a whole year. Luh.

Ba'rter. n.f. [from the verb.] The aft
Or praftice of trafficking by exchange of
commodities ; fomctimes the thing given
in exchange.

From EnjIanJ they may be furniflied with foch
things as the may want, and, in exchange or
karttr, fend other tbioga with which they may
abound. Baccn,

He who corrupteth Englifli with foreign words,
a as wife as ladies that change plate for chin*-;
for which the laudable traffick of old clothes ii
much the fairell barter. Fdtar.

Ba'rt e r e r. «./. [from barter.'] He that

trafficks by excharge of commodities.
Ba'rtery, It./, [from barter.'] Exchange
of commodities.

It is a received opinijn, that, in moll ancient
ages, there was only harttry or exchange of corn-
modi lies amongil moft nations. Camden' t Remains.

Ba'rt RAM. «./. A plant; the fame with

fellitory.

Ba'rton. n.f. The demefne lands of a

manour ; the manonr-houfe itfelf ; and

foraetimcs the out-houfes. Blount.

BASE. atlj. [has, Fr. be£h, Ital. baxo.

Span, haffui, low Latin ; /3ao-i?.]
I. Mean ; vile ; worthlefs : of things.

The harveft white plumb is a bafe plumb, and
the white da;e plumb are no very good pluml>s.

Bart.n.
Pyreinis was only famous for- counterfeiting
all baje things, as earthen pitchers, a fculleiy j
whereupon he was furDamcd RupographusJ*

£ta(bam.

2. Of mean fpirit ; difingenuons ;- illi-
beral ; ungenerous ; low ; without dig-
nity of fentiment : of perfons.

S;nce the periectiona are fuch in the party 1
love, as the feelirg of them caitnct come unto any
unnnble heart; Ihall th.it heart, lilted up t(vfuc^
a height, be counted bsfe f Sidrc-y.

It is bate in his adverfaries thus to dwell upon
the e^celTcs r,f a paffivtn. " yjtierlur-j.

3. Of low llition ; of mean acct^nut ; with-
out dignity of rank ; without hnnou-.

If the l.vids aud chief m -u dr^enciuce, what
Ihall be hoped of the pealantd ai.a iafrr p.-oile ?

Sp^rjer on Ireland.
If th.at rehel inn
Capie, like itfelf, in ktfc .tnd abj-ft routs.
You, reverend father, and thefe noble lords,
Had not been here. Hh^ikefpeare.

It Could noteife be, I ihould prove fo baft
To fue and be denied fuch common grace, Rtak.
And 1 will yet be more vile tlian this, and sviK
be bafe in mine o".vn fight. 1 S.im.

Infurreftions of baje people arc commonly mce
- furious in their beginnings. Bacon.

He, whofe mind
Is virtuous, is alone of noble kind ;
Though poor in fortune, of celeftial race ;
And he commits the crime who calls him bafe.

Drfder.

4. Bafe-born ; born out of wedlock, and by
confequence of no honourable birth ; il-
legitimate.

Why baHard ? whjrefore baft ?
When my dimenfions are as well Compact
As honcli madam's ifTue. Skaiefpeare

This young lord Inll hij life with his father ii
tiie field, and with thc.-n a bafe fon. Camden i Rem.

5. Applied to metals, without value. It
is uled in thif fenfe of all metal except
gold and filver.

A guinea is puie.gold, if it has nothing but go!i
in it, witliou: any alloy or haftr me*.al. Waii

'6. Applied to founds ; deep, grave. It
is more frequently written hajs, though
the comparative bajer feems to require

; bafe.

In pipes, the lower- the note holes be, and the
further from tlie mouth of th»pipe, the more hat,
f 'urd they yield. Bac'jn

Base-born. aeij. Bom out of wedlock.

But fpc thy baje-icrn child, thy babe of /hair.e.
Who, left by thee, upon our parilh came. Cay.
Base-coort. n.J. [bai cour, Fr.] Lower
court ; not the chief cojrt that leads to
the houfe ; the back-yard ; the farm-
yard.

My lord, in the lafe-cmrt he d.'.b attend.
To fpeak with yoii. Shakfffeare.

Base-mindeo. adj. Mean - fpirited ;
worthlefs.

I; figiiifieth, as it feemeth, no more than ab-

jeft, hafe-mindcd, falfe-hcjrled, coward, or nidget

CamLrCs Rctt:u!':s.

Base-viol. «. / [ufually written la/s-

'viol.] An inftrument which is ufed in

concerts for the bafe found.

At the fi ft jrin he call every human feature out
of his countenance } at the lecond, he became the
head of a bafe -vioi, yideifn.

Base. it.j. [bat, Fr. I'a/f.Lit.]
I. The bottom of any thing : commonly
ufed for the lower part of a building,
or column.

What if it tempt thee tow'rd the flood, my lord .'
Or to the dreadful fummit of the cliff.
That beetles o'er his bafe into the fo« .' Sbahfji.

Firm Dorick pillars f'und your folid bafe;
The fair Corinthian cr'wiis the higher fpace. Dryd.
And all below is ftrength, and all abort is grace.
Columns ofpoliHi'd marble, firmly fct
On (oldco ta/ei, arc his ie^t aad feet. JPritr.

z\ The pedellal of a ftatue.

Men of weak abilities in great place, are like
little fi.itues fct on great bajes, made the lefs by
the r advnnceir.cMt. . Bacon,

Wercury was patron of flocks, and the ancients
placed a ram at the'irf/eof his images. Broome,

3. ']"hat part of any ornament which hangs
down, aii houfings.

Phalaftus was all in white, having his bafes and
cap I'ifon embroidered. Sidney,

4. The broad part of any body; as, the
bottom of a cone.

5. Stockingsi or perhaps the armour for
the legs, [from bat, Fr.]

Nor ihall it cer be faid that wight.
With gauntlet blue and baft white.
And round blunt truncheon by his fide,
£0 great a man at arms defy'd. Hudifrau

6. The place from which racers or tilters
run ; the bottom of the field ; the car-
eer, the ftarting-poll.

He laid; to their ;ip,;ointcd bale they went;
With beating heart th' expcfting lign receive.
And, Itarting all at once, the b.irricr leave. Dryd,

7. The firing that gives a bafe found.

At thy well Iharpen d thumb, from Ihore to rtiore,
The trebles IVjueak for fear, the bafts roar. Dryden,

8. An old ruftick play, written by Skinner
bays, and in fome counties called fri/on
bars.

He with two ftriplings (lads more like to run
The country bafe, than to commit fuch flaughter)
Made good the pall'age. Sbakeffeare,

To Base. -v. a. [bajter, Fr.] To embafe ;
to make lefs valuable by admixture of
meaner metals.

I am doubtful whether men have fufficiently
refined metals, which we cann<it baf : as, whether
iron, brafs, and titi be letined to the height. Bacon^
Ba'sely. eidv. [from ba/e.]
I. In a bafe manner ; meanly ; difhonour- ^
ably.

'i he king is not himfelf, but bafiy led
By flatterers. Sbakeffeare,

A lieutenant bafely give it up, as foon as Elfex
in his pallage demanded it.- Clarendon,

With broken vowT his fame he will not {lain,
' With conci-iert bafely boujlit, and wiih inglorious
gain. Dryden,-

t. In ballardy.

Thcli: two Mitylenc brethren, bafely horn, crept
out of a fmall galliot unto the niajefty of great
kings. Knellet.

Ba'seness. n.f. [(xom ba/e.]

1. Meannefs ; vilencfs ; badnefi.

Such is the power of that fwect pallion,
That it all fordid bajcnefs doth expel. Spenfer,

Your foul's above th& bafenrft of diftruft:
Nothing but love coulj make you founjull. Dryd,

When a man's folly muft be fpread open bctbre
the aiigcls, aud all his bafcnefs ript up before thofe
pure fpirits, this will be a-double hell. South,

2. Vile nefs of metal.

We a.legcd the fraudulent obtaining hjs"patent,.
the bafencfs.oi his metal,, and the prodigious fun)
to be coined. Swift t

3. Baftardy ; illegitimacy of birth.

Why brand they us
With bafe? with bajenefs' baftardy ? Shakeffeart,.

4. Deepnefs of found.

l"l-.e- juft and meafured proportion of the air
peiculTed toward the bafinfi or trcblenefs of tones,
is one of the grcatell fccrets in the contemplation
of founds. Bacon,

To BASH. v.n. [probably from i/7/f.] To
be a/hamed ; to be confounded with)
Ihame;

His counten.ince was bold, and bafhed not
For Guyon's looks, but fcorni'ul eye glance at him
Aoi Sfenfer,.

Basha'w..

B A S

BashaV. n.f. [fometiiries written bajfa.'\
A title of honour and command among
die Turks ; the viceroy of a province ;
the general of an army.

The Turka made an expedition into Perfia ;
«nd> becaufe of the ftraits ol" the mountains, the
bapunu confolted which way they fljould get in.

Bacm,

Ba'shful. adj. [This word, with all
ihofc of the fame race, are of uncertain
etymology. Skinner imagines them de-
rived from baft, or mean ; Minjhcw,
from 'virbae/en, Dut. to ftrike with alto-
nifhment j Junius, from gx<Ti;, which
he finds in Hefychius to fignify Jhame.
The conjefture of Minjhmi fcems moft
probable.]

r. Mo3ell; fhamefaced.

I never tempted her with word too large ;
But, as a brotlicr to his fiftcr, (hnv'd
Bajhfiil fince.i'r.y, nnd comely love. Shait/fearc,

z. Slieepifh ; vitiouHy modeft.

He looked with an almoft to/b/til kiiti of mo-
Jefty, as if lie feared the eyes ot rtian. SiJtitj.

Hence, iajhfil cunning !
And prompt me, plain and holy inrlccencc. Shah

Our author, anxious for his fame to-nighc,
And tajh/ul in his lirlt attempt to write,
Lico cautiou/ly obfcute. ^ddifon.

Ba'shfolly. adij. [from bajb/u!.] Ti-

moroufly; raodeftly.
Ba'shfulness. »./. [from bafiful.']
1 . Modelly, as ftiewn in outward appear-
ance.

I'hiloclea a little mufed how to cut the thread
even, with eyes, cheeks, and lips, whereof each
fang their part, to make up the harmony of bajh-
fuhiji. Sidnr/.

Such looks, fuch Itjhfutrejs, might well adorn
The cheelcs of youths that are more nobly b:>rn.

Dryden.

Z. Vitious or ruftick Ihame.

For fear had bequeathed his room to his kiaf-
'Hiin'teflfulnefi, to teach him good manners.

Sidniy,

There are others who have not altogether fo

much of this foolifli t^Jh/uhef!, and whoaflc every

• one's opinion. Drydcn.

Ba'sil. n.f. [ocymum, Lat] The name of

a plant.
Ba'si L. n.f. Tlie angle to which the edge
. of a joiner's tool is ground away. See

To Basil.
Ba'sil. «./ The ikin of a flieep tanned.
This is, 1 believe, more properly wnx.-
'Xgn ba/eii.
To Ba'si l. v. a. To grind the edge of a
to6l to an angle.

Thefe chiU'eli. arc not ground to fuch a hajil as
the joiners chiftels, on one of the fides, but are
lafUid away on both the flat fides ; fo that the
edge lies between both the fides in the middle of
the too!. flfoxon.

Basi'lica. »./. [^as-iXiKiS.] ■ The middle
vein of the arm, fo called by '.yay of
pre-eminence. It is likewil'e attributed
' to many medicines for the fame reafon.

^incy.
Basi'lical. 7 A^'. [from bafilica. See
Basi'lick. J Basilica.] Belonging to
the baJiHck vein.

„ 'flu:r8«neurifins, following always upon bleeding

' the bajitick vein, mull be aneurifms of the humeral

artery. Sharp.

Basi'lick. »./ \Jia/tlique, ¥t. ^xaiXixr,."]
A large hall, having two ranges of pil-
lars, and two illes or wings, with gal-

B A S

leries over them. Thefe bafilicks were
firft made for the palaces of princes,
and afterwards converted into courts of
juflice, and laftly into churches ; whence
a bafilick is generally taken for a mag-
nificent church, as the hafuick of St.
Peter at Rome.

Basi'licon. n.f. [3•«'^^^xtr•] An oint-
ment, called alfo tetrapharmacon.

^incy.

I made incifion into the cavity, and put a

pledget of lajilkcn over it. IVijman.

Ba'silisk. n.f [bafilifcus, Lat. of ^am-
Xis-n©-, of ^»o-tXeu{, a king.]
A kind of ferpent, called alfo a cocka-
trice, which is faid to drive away all
others by his hifling, and to kill by
looking.

Make jne not fighted like the bajtli/k ;
I've look'd on thoufands who have fped the better
Ey my regard, but kill'd none fo. Sbakcjfeare.
The bojUiJk was a ferpent not above three palms
long, and differenced from other ferpeiits by ad-
vancing his head, and fome white marks or coro-
nary fpots upon the crown. Brnvi's yulg.Err.

, A fpecies of cannon or ordnance.

We praftifc to make iVifter motions than any
you have, and to make them (Ironger and more

violent than yours are ; exceeding your greateft
cannons and hifilifis. £a:im.

Ba'si N. n.f. [bajin, Fr. bacile, bacino, Ital.
It is often written bafon, but not accord-
ing to etymology.]

1 . A fraall veffel to hold water for walhing,
or other ufes.

Let one attend him with a filver bafin.
Full of rofe-water, and beftrew'd with flowers.

Sbaktffciire.

Wo have little vrclls fjr infufions, where the
waters take the virtue quicker, and. better, than in
vctlcis and ta^»s. Bacon.

We behold a piece of filver in a baJin, when
water Is put upon it, which we could not difcovcr
before, as under the verge thereof.

Breton s Vulgar £rreuri,

2. A fmall pon^

On one fi Jc of t'le walk you fee this hollow bujin,
with iis fcvcr.i! littje plantations lying conveniently
under the eye <.f t'.ie beholder. SfcSiitir.

3. A part of the fea inclofed in rocks,
with a narrow entrance.

The jutting land two ample bays divides ;
The fpacioiis bijins arching rocks inclofe,
A fure defence from cv'ry ilorm that blows. Pt,bt.

4. Any hollow place capacious of liquids.

Jf this rotation does the leas aRtiS,
The rapid motion rather would ejeft
The ftotes, the Ihw cap'acioiis csves corttain.
And from its ample^a/ji call tlie main. _S/di*«orc

5. A dock for repairing and building (hips.

6. In anatomy, a round cavity fituated be-
tween the anterior ventricles of the brain.

7. A concave piece of metal, by which
glafs-grinders form their convex glafTes.

8. A round ilicU or cafe of iron pLiced
over a furnace, in which hatters mould
the matter of a hat into form.

9. Bafns of a Balance, the fame with
the fcalos ; one to hold the weight, the
other the thing to be weighed.

Ba'sis. n.f. [>:njis, Lat.]
I. The foundation of any thing,
column or a building.

It m jft follow, that I'aradif-,
this height, muft have the compafs of the whole
earth for a iafn and foundation. Raleigh.

Afcend my chariot, guide the rapid wheels
That fli.ikc heav'n'6 bS^i. Mihm.

as '^ a

being ralfed to

B A S

In altar wife a flattly pile they retr ;
The bafii broad below, and top advanc'd in air .

Drydnu

t. The loweft of the three principal parti
of a column, wliich are the bafii, Jkaft,

and capital.

Obferving an Englifli Jnfcription upon the hajti,
we read it over feveral times. Add'ijor,

3. That on which any thing is raifed.

Such feems thy gentle height, made only proul
To be the baf.i of that pompous load.
Than which a nobler weight no mounuin bears.

Penham*

if. The pedeftal.

How many times {hall Cjefar bleed in fport^
That now on Pompey's bafii lies along
No worthier than the duft ? Shaieffeare.

5. The ground-work or firft principle of

any thing.
Build me thy fortune upon the bafii of valour.

Shjhffeare,
I The friendfli'yjs of the world are oft

: Confederacies in vice, or lesgucs of pleafure ;

Ours has fevered virtue for its bafis. Add'ijm.

To Bask. o-. a. \bachren, Dut. Skinner. '\

To warm by laying out in the heat:

ufed almoft always of animals.

And ftretch'd out all the chimney's length,
Ba(k% at the fire his iiairy ftrength. M'Jtin.

He -was bajking himfelf in the gleam of the fun.

VEJIrange,

'Tls all thy buCncfs, bufinefs hew to fliun,
To bafi. thy naked body in the fun. Drydcm.

To Bask. v. ». To lie in the warmth.

About him, and above, and round the wood.
The birds that haunt the borders of his flood.
That bath'd within, or bafi' d upon his fide.
To tuneful fongs their narrow throats apply'd.

DryJn.
t^nlock'd in covers, let her freely run
To range thyc')urts,ar.d btjfi before thefim. 7kki!.'.

Some in the fields of purcft aether-piay,
And iajt and whiten in the blare of d^y. Pi/rtm
Ba'sket. n.f. [bafged, V/elfh ; bafcauda,
Lat. Barbara depiSlis \veait bafcauda
Brilannis. Martial.] A veffel made of
twigs, raihes, or fplinters, or fome other
(lender bodies interwoven.

Here is a bajktt; he may creep in, and throw foul
linen upon him, as if g)ii:g to bucTcirig. Slahif.

Thus while I fung, my forrows I'decciv'd,
And bending ofiers into t/rjicis weavM. Drydcn.

Poor Peg was forced to go hawking and ped-
dling; now and then carrying a bajket of fifli^to
the market. jirhuthmt.

Ba'sket-hilt. «. / [from bafict and
hilt.'] A hilt of a weapon fo made as to
contain the whole hand, and defend it
from being wounded.

His puili'aiit fword unto bis fide.
Near his undaunted heart, was ty'd :
With hajkti-hih, that would hold brotli.
And feive for fight and diniier both. Uud'.hras.
Their beef they often in their murrions ftew'd.
And in their bafict-h'ilts their bcv'ragc Irew'd. King,
Ba'sket-wom AN. n.f. from bnjkct and
■u?o»;««.] A woman that plies at markets
with a bafket, ready to carry home any
thing that is bought.
Bass. «. y". [fuppofl-d by jiniiit to be
derived, like bnjict, from Pome Britifli
word Tignifying a t^ijb i but perh.ips
more properly written bofs, from the
French i5o^-.] A mat ufed in churches.

Having woollen yarn, ifi/s mac, or fuch like,
to bind them withal. Morlm/rs Hujhtindry.

To Bass. v. a. To found in a deep tone.

The thunder,
Tl^deep and dreadful organ-pipe, pionounc;d
Tlwname of Profpcr ; it did ia/i my trefpafs, Sbai,

Bass.

B A S

Bass. aJj. [See Base.] In muilck, grave;
deep.

Bass relief. »./ [from i^s, and relief,
raifed work, Fr.] Sculpture, the figures
of wnich do not iland out from the
groand in their full proportion. Ftlihien
dilHnguifties three kinds of bafs-relief :
in the firil, the frc-.it figures appear
almoft w-ith the full relief; in the fe-
cond, they ftand out no more than one
half; and in the third much lefs, as in
coins.

Bass-viol. See Ease Viol.

^ - On the fwe«p of the arch lies one of d'C
Mufej, playing on a t.ifs-viol, Jirydcn,

Ba'ssa. Scc.Bashaw.
Ba'sset. n. /. [baffet. Fr.] A game at
cards, invented ^t Venice.

Gamefters would no more blafpheme; and lady
Dabchcek's beffd bank would be broke. Dtmis.

BJSSO RELIEyO. [Ital.] See Bass-
relief.

Basso' K". \n./. \baJfon, Fr.] A mufical

iPASSo'oN. J inftrumentof the wind kind,
blown with a reed, and furniihed with
eleven holes, which are flopped like
other large flutes ; its diameter at bot-
tom is nine inches, and it ferves for the
bafs ill concerts of hautboys, l^c.

7're'voux.

Ba'ssock. »./. The fame with ^fl/>.

BA'STARD. ». /. [baJlartU. Welfh, of
low birth ; bajlarde, Fr.]

1 . Bajlard, according to the civil and
canon law, is a perlbn born of a woman
out of wedlock, or not married ; fo that,
according to order of law, his father is
not known. ■'^yl'ffc.

Him to the Lydian king Lycimnia bare,
AntJ fcnt her boaf^d bayard ro the war. Dryt^en,

2. Any thing fpurious or falfe.

Words
But rooted in your tongue ; kaftdrJs and fyllablcs
Of no allowance to your buftm's truth. Staktjf.

3. A kind of fweet wine.

Score a pint oi bafijrd.^
Then ycui brown ^tf/?«ri/ is your only drink. Sbak.

Ba'stard. adj. [from the noun.]

1 . Begotten out of wedlock ; illegitimate.

Peace is a very apoplexy, le:hargy, iiifenfible, a
getter uf more hajiard children than war *9 a dc-
ftroyer of men. Xbakrf-iarc.

2. Spurious ; not genuine ; fuppofuitious ;
falfe ; adulterate. In this fenfe, any
thing which bears fome relation or re-
femblance to another, is called fpurious
or baflard.

You may partly hope that y-^ur father got you
not, that you are not the Jew's daughter. That
were a kind of hajiard hope indeed. Hbakrjptart,
Men who, un-jlT live dif^uife of publick jjood,
purlue their own defigns of power, and luch taj}jrd
honours as attend them. ItmJ'U.

Ba'stard Cednr Tree. {caWsii guaxuma
in the Weft Indies.]

I'o Ba'stmid. -v. n. [from the noun.] To
conviiS of being a baftard j to ttigma-
tize w.th ballarUy.

Slie lived to Icr her brother beheaded, and her
two fios depjfed from the crown, kaHardtd in
their blood, and cruelly murdered. Bafa^u

To Ba'staroize. f. a. [fron bafiard.'i

1 . To convidt of being a baflard,

2. To beget a baftard. '^
Vol. 1.

BAT

I lliould have been what I am, .had the maiden-
licft ftar in the firmament twinkled on my bttf-
tardixing. Shakejpeari.

Ba'stardlv. ad-v. [from bajlard.'] In the
manner of a baftard ; fpurioufly.

Good feed degenerates, and oft obeys
The foil's difeafe, and into cockle (Irays ;
'Let the mind's thoughts but be tranfplanted fo
Into the body, and bajiardly they grow. Disnnc.
Ba'stardy. n.f. {iTambafiard.] An un-
lawful ftate of birth, which dilables the
baftard, botJi according to the laws of
God and man, from fucceeding to an
inheritance. -^'^i^-

Once flie flandered me with hnficrjy j
But whether 1 be true begot, or no.
That ftiU I lay upon my mother's head. Skah-fp.

In refpeil cf the evil conlequents, the wife's
adultery is worfe, as bringing tajlardy into a fa-
mily. Taylor.

No more of hajlarjy in heirs of crowns. I'ofe.
To Baste, -v. a. participle paiT. bajied, or
bafien. \_bajtfinner , Fr. Batata, in the
Armorick dialeft, fignifies to ftrike with
a ilick ; from which perhaps bajion, a
ftick, and all its derivatives, or collate-
rals, may be deduced.]

1. To beat with a ftick.

Quoth (he, I grant it is in vain
For one that 's iajlcd to feel pain ;
Becaufe the pangs his bones endure
Contribute nothing to the cure. Hudibras.

Bajhngi heavy, dry, obtufe,
Only dulnefs can produce ;
While a little gentle jerking
Sets the fpirits all a-working. Svi'ift.

2. To drip butter, 01' any thing elfe, upon
meat as it turns upon the fpit.

Sir, 1 think the meat wants what I have, a
bafi'wg. SbahJ'feun.

3. To moiftcn meat on the fpit by falling
upon it.

The fat of roafted mutton falling on the birds,
will fcrve to baftc them, and fo fare time and
butt-r. Svjifr,

4. To few nightly, [ba^er, Fr. to Hitch.]

Bastina'de.) r ri a J c T
Bastina'do.!"-^ [i¥"»"^>Fr.]

1. The aft of beating with a cudgel ; the
blow given with a cudgel.

But this courtefy was worfc than a bafi]r.ado to
Zelmanc ; fo with rageful eyes (he bade him de-
fend himfelf. Sidney.

And all thofc harfli and rugged founds
Of bafr.nadoSy cuts, and wounds. Hudibrat.

2. It is foraeiimes taken for a Turkifti
punilhment, of beating an pflender on
the foles of his feet.

To Basti n a'de. 1 -v. a. [from the noun ;
Tc Bastina'do. 3 hajionner, Fr.] To
beat ; to treat with the bajlinado.

Nick feized the longer end of the cudgel,, and
with it began to bjft'mado old Lewis, who had
flunk into a corner, waiting the event of a fquabble.

yirbutbnot.

Ba'stion, n.f. [bajtion, Fr.] A huge
mafj of earth, ufually faced with fods,
fometimes with brick, rarely with ftonc,
ftanding out from a rampart, of which
it is a principal part, and was anciently
called a bulwark. Harris,

Toward ; but bow .' ay ther.' 's the queftinn ;
Fierce the ad'ault, unarm'd the bajikn. Prior.

Bat. n.f. [bar. Sax. This word feems jo
have given rife to a great number of
words in many languages ; as, battrc,
Fr. to beat ; baton, batilf, beat, batty.

BAT

and others. It probably fignified a
weapon that did executirn by its weight,
in oppofition to a fharp edge ; whence
tvhirlbat and brickbat.} A heavy ftick
or club. '^

A handfome b.it he held.

On which he leaned, as one far in eld. Sjxrfer.

They were fried in arm chairs, and their bones
broken with bats. }lahcici!l.

Bat. n.f. \fuefpertilio, the etymology un-
known.] An animal having the body of
a moufe and the wings of a bird ; not
with feathers, but with a fort of Ikin
which is extended. It lays no eggs, but
brings forth its young ilive, andfuckles
them. It never growi. tsme, feeds upon
flies, infefls, and fatty fubftances, fuch
as candles, oil, and checi'e ; and appears
only in the fummer evenings, when the
weather is fine. Calmet.

When owls do cry,
On the bat'% back I do fly. Sbaiej!>:art,

But then grew reafon dark j that fair liar no
mon:
Could the fair forms of good and truth difeern 5

Ban they became who eagles were before ;

And this they got by their delire to learn. Dames,

Some animals are placed in the middle betwixt

two kinds, as bats, which have foraethiiig of birda

and beafts. Licke.

Where fwallows in the winter feafon keep.
And how the drowfy bat and dormoufc flcep. Gay,

Bat-Fowlino. n.f. [from ^a/ and/o-W. ]
A particular manner of bird-catching in
the night-time, while they are at rooft
upon perches, trees, or hedges. They
light torches or ftraw, and then beat the
bulhes ; upon which the birds, flying to
the flames, are caught either with nets,
or otherwile.

You would lift the moon out of her fphere, if
flie would continue in it five weeks without chang-
ing.—We ihould fo, and then go a bat-f(i-.ulin^.

Sbakefpetjr;,

Bodies lighted at night by fire, muft fiave a
brighter luftre than by day j as facking of citie?,
bal-fnu/hg. Pracham,

Ba'table. adj. [froip bate.l Difputable.
Baiable ground leems to be the ground hereto-
fore in qucftion, whether it belonged to England
or Scotland, lying between both kingdoms. Ciwc//.

Batch, n.f. [from hake.']

1. The quantity of bread baked at a time.

The joiner puts the boards into ovons after the
batch is drawn, or lays them in a w.irm ftabli-.

Mortimer s Hufi^andry,

2. Any quantity of any thing made at
once, fo as to have the fame qualities.

lixccpt he were cf the fa.-nc meal .md latch,

Ben Jcrjotj,

Ba'tchblor. See Bachelor.
Bate, n.f. [perhaps contrafted from de~

bate.] Strife ; contention ; ab, a maie

bate.
To Bats, -v. a. [contrasted from abate.]
I . To leiTen any thing ; to retrench.

Shall 1 bend lyw, and in a bondman's key,
V/ith bated breath, and whifp'iing hunibleiiofs.
Say this i" Shakcjp. Merchant of p'tnice,

tjor, envious at the fight, will 1 forbtar
My plenteous bowl, nor halt my plenteous cheer.

Deydcn*

?. To fink the price,

Whf n the landholder's rent falls, he muft ritliet
bate the labourer's wages, or not employ, or not
pay him. Locke.

3. To leflen a demand.

X Sate

BAT

Salt me feme, and I will pay you fome, and, as
jDoft dcbcon do, promife you iufinitcly.

Sbakfff, Htnrj IV.
4^ To cut off; to take away-

Batt but ciie lift, and 'lis what I would fay.

Dryden'i Sptmjb Friar.

To Bate. v. n.

1 . To grow lefs.

Baidolph, am not I fallen away vilely fince thit
laft election ? Do I not iatet do I not dwindle '
Why my (kin hangs about me like an old lady's
loofc guwn. Sbahrfptari I Henry IV.

2. To remit : with e^ before the thing.

Abate thy fpeed, and I will halt of mine. DryH.

Bate feems to have been once tTie pre-
terite of bite, as Shakefpcare ufes biting
faulcbion ; anleft, in the following lines,
it may rather be deduced from beat.

Vet there the fteel (laid not, but inly hale
Deep in his fle(h, and open'd wide a red flood gate.

S^tnftr.

Ba't BFU L. <KJr. [from bate and/«//.] Con-
tentious.

He knew her haunt, and haunted in the fame,
And taught his (lieep her (heep in food to thwart ;

Which foon as it did hattful queftion frame,
He might on knees confefs his guil.y part. SiJniy.
Ba'tement. n./. [from abatement.] Di-
minution : a term only ufed among ar-
tificers.

To, abate, is to wa(te a piece of ftuflT; inftead
of afking how much was cut off, carpenters a(k
what batcment that piece of iVufFhad.

Moxon't Mtchan'ual Extrcifes.

Bath. it./, [ba?, Saxon.]

I. A bath is either hot or cold, either of
art or nature. Artificial baths have
been in great efteem with the ancients,
efpecially in complaints to be relieved
by revulfion, as inveterate headaches,
by opening the pores of the feet, and
alfo in cutaneous cafes. But the mo-
dern prafticc has greateft recourfe to
the natural baths; moil of which abound
with a mineral fulphur, as appears from
their turning filver and copper blackifh.
The cold baths are the moll convenient
fprings, or refervatories, of cold water
to wafh in, which the ancients had in
great efteem ; and the prcfent age can
produce abundance of noble cures per-
formed by them. ^incy.

Why may not the cold hath, into whicn thej
plunged themfelves, . have had fome (hare in thcii
cure ? Aild'iJ'jn'i Spcciator.

a. A ftate in which great outward heat is
applied to the body, for the mitigation
of pain, or any other purpofe.

In the height of this bath, when I was more
than half (lewed in grcafe like a Dutch dilh, to be
thrown into the Thames !

Sbaie/f. Merry Wives of Ifixilfor.
Sleep,
The birth of each day's lili:, fore labour's batb,
Balm of hurt minds. Sbahfpeare''i Macbeth.

3. In chymiftry, it generally fignifies a
veffel of water, in which another is
placed that requires a fofter heat than
the naked fire. Balneum Maria is a
miftake for balneum maris, a fea or water
bath. A fand heat is fometimes called
balneum Jiccum, or dnereum. ^incy.

We fee that the water of things diftilled in
water, which they call the hath, diftcreth not
much from the water of things dillJled by (ire.
Sanu'l Natural Hjftery.

BAT

4. A fort of Hebrew meafure, containing
the tenth part of an homer, or ftven
gallons and four pints, as a meafure for
things liquid ; and three pecks and
three pints as a meafure for things dry.

Calmrt.
Ten acres of vineyard (hall yield one haii, and
the feed of an homer (hall yield an ephah>

IJaicb, T. 10.

To Bathe, v. a. [banian, Saxon.]

1. To wafh, as in a bath.

Others on filvcr lakes and rivers balh'J
Their downy bread. Milton t ParatKk Lojl.

Chancing to bathe himfelf in the tivcr Cydnui,
through the exceirive coldiiefa of thefe waters, he
fell (i:k, near unto death, for three days. South,

2. To fupple or foften by the outward ap-
plication of warm liquors.

Bathe them, and keep their bodies foluble the
while by clyders and lenitive bolufes.

H^iJ'eman^s Surgery.
I'll baibe your wounds in tears tor my oft'ence.

Drydeit.

3. To wafh any thing.

Phoenician Dido (lood,
Frefh from her wound, her bofom baih'd in blood.

Dryden,
Mars could in mutual blood the centaurs bathe.
And Jove himfelf give way to Cinthia's wrath.

Dryden.

To Bathe, f. a. To be in the water, or
in any refemblance of a bath.

Except they meant to bathe in reeking wounds,
I cannot tell. Sbaktfpeare^s Macbeth.

The delighted fpirit
To batbe in (icry f!oods, or to relide
In thrilling regions of thick-ribbed ice. Sbakeff.

Tiie gallants dancing by the river (ide.
They ijrte in fummer, and in winter Aide, lyaller.

But ba:bc, and, in imperial robes array'd.
Pay due devotions. Pu/e'j Odyjpy.

Ba'tinc, ot A^a'ti kg. frep. [^(rom bate,
or abate. This word, though a parti-
ciple in itfelf, feems often ufed as a
prepofition.] Except.

The king, your brother, could not choofe an
advocate.
Whom I would (boner hear on any fubjc£t.
Bating that only one, his love, than you. Rc-jve.

1( we confiJer children, we have little reafon to
think that they bring many iieas with them.
bating, perhaps, fome faint idsas of hunger and
thirlh Locke.

Ba'ti.et. «. / [from bat.] A fquare
piece of wood, with a handle, ufed in
beating linen when tiken out of the
buck.

I remember the kilTmg of her be)let, and the
cow"s dugs thit her pretty chopc hands had
milked. Sbakrffiare.

Bato'on. n.f. [bafion, ot batOB, Ft. for-
merly fpelt bajlon.]

1 . A rtafF or club.

We came clofe to the (hore, and offered to land ;
but (Iraightways we faw divers of the people witli
bojiins in their hand>, as it were, forbidding us to
land. Bacon s New Ataiatitii.

That does not make a man the worfe.
Although bis (houldcrs with batoem
Be ciaw'd and cudgell'd to fome tunc. Hudibtau

2. A truncheon or marfhal's ibfF; a badge
of military honour.

Ba'ttailous. aiij. [from battaille, Fr.]
Having the appearance of a battle ;
warlike ; with a military appearance.

He Darted up, and did hiralelf prepare
In fun-bright arms and battailous array. Fairfax.
The French came forerooft, battailous and bold.

Fairfax.
10

BAT

A fiery region,' ftretch'd
In bailaVous afpeft, aod nearer view
Briftlcd with upright beams innumerable
Of rigid fpears and helmets throng'd. Millut,

Batta'lia. n.f. [battaglia, lli[.]

1. The order of battle.

Next morning the king put his army 'lato lat-
lalia. Clarendon,

2. The m?.in body of an army in array,
diilinguifhed from the wings.

Batta'i-ion. n./. [batailloK, Fr.]

1. A divifion of an army; a troop; a
body of forces. It is now confined to
the infantry, and the number is uncer-
tain, but generally from five to eight
hundred men. Some regiments confift
of one battalion, and others are divided
into two, three, or more.

Whtn forrows come, they come not lingle fpies.
Bur in battalions, Sbakefpeare^s Hamlet*

In thh batta/ion there were two o(]icers, called
Thcrfites and Pandarus. Taller^

1 he pierc'd battailous difunited fall
In heaps on heaps : one fate o'eI^^helms them all.

Pofie4

2. An army. This fenfe is not now in uie.

.Six or leven rhoufand is their utmoll power.
— Why, our battalion trebles that account. Shakt
ToBa'tten. "v, a, [a word of doubtful

etymology.]
I . To fatten, or make fat ; to feed plen-
teoufly.

We drove afield,
Batt'ning our flocks with the frefh dews of night.

Mihottt
z. To fertilize.

The meadows hen*, with ^tftr'mr^ oote enricb'd.
Give fpirit to the grafs ; three cubits high
The jointed herbage ihoots. Philifs.

To Ba'tten. 'V. n. To grow fat ; to live
in indulgence.

Follow your fun^ion, go and batten on cold bits.

Shakejpearem

Burnilh'd and battening on their food, to Ih-iw
The diligence of careful herds below. Dryden,

The lazy glutton I'afe at home v.'iil keep.
Indulge his (loth, and batten on his deep. Dryden,

As at full length the pampered monarch lay,
Battening in eafe, and numbering life away. Gattb,

Tway mice, full blythe and amicable.
Batten belide erle Robert's X.Mt, Prior,

While paddling ducks the iHnding lake delire^
Or bati'ning bogs roll in tl>e (inking mire.

Gays Pajlorah,

Ba'tten. n. /. A word ufed only by
workmen.

A b.ittin is a fcantling of wood, two, three, or
foM inches broad, feldom above one thick, aud the
length unlimited. At:xon,

To BA'TTER. -v. a. [hattre, to beat, Fr.]

1 . To beat ; to beat down ; to fhatter :
frequently ufed of walls thrown down by
artillery, or of the violence of engines
of war.

To appoint battering rams againil the gates, to
cad a nrount] and to build a fort. Exckiel,

Thefe haughty words of hers
Have battered me like roaring cannon fTjot,
And made me almoll yield upon my kuees. Sbak,

Britannia there, the fort in vain
Had batter''d been with g ilden rain:
Thunder itfelf had faiPd to pafs. IValler.

Be then the naval (lores the nation's care,
New (hips to build, and balter'd to repair. Drydtn,

2. To wear with beating.

Crowds tn the cadle mounted up the (treet,
Bait'ring the pavement with their courfen feet.

Dryden.
If you have a Clver faucep an for the kitcb.n

Vitc,

BAT

•ufp, let me advife you to batter it well ; this will
ftiew conftant good houfekeeping.

S'wlft^i DlrcBktti to the C6ck>

3. Applied to f erfons, to wear out with
fervice.

The i:ir:i'd veteran ftrumpets here
Pretend at leili- to bring a mndeft ear. S-.ullirn.
I am a poor old haittnd fellow, and i would
willingly end my days in peace.

ylriuihrari Hiftory ofjihn Bull.
A; the fsme dame, experi.;nc'd in her trade,
By names of toads retaiU each iairci'il jide. Prpi.

To B a't T E R . -v. n. A word ufed only by
workmen.

The fide of a wa'l, or any timber, th:it bulges
from its bottom or foundation, is faid to i.i/ff.

Ba'tter. n.f. [from To iatfrr.] A mix-
ture of feveral ingredients beaten toge-
ther with fome liquor ; fo called from
its being fo much beaten.

One would have all things little, hence has try'd
Turkey poulcs frein from th' egg '.. hatur fry'd.

King.

Ba'tterer. 71./. [from iatter.] He that

batters.
Ba'ttery. «./. [ixora batter, OTbatterie,

Fr.]

1. The aft of battering.

Strong wars they make, and cruel haticry ben-^,
'Gainft fort of reafon, it to overthrow, t'niry ^

Earthly minds, like mud walls, lefili the
ftrnngeft hatterUu 1 site.

2. The inftruments with which a town is
battered, placed in order for aftion ; a
line of cannon.

Where is b'ift place to make our katt'ry next ?—
—I think at the north gate. Sbahfp. Henry VI,

It plants this reafoning and that argument, this
confequence and that diliin^iion, like fo many in-
tclle^ual ifaiteries, till_ at length it forces a way
and paflage into the obiiinate inclofed truth. Siutl.

Sec, and revere th' artillery of heav'n.
Drawn by the gale, or by the tcmpeft driven :
A dreadful iire the floating batt*rUs make,
O'erturn'the mountain, and the foreft ihake.

Blatkmore.

3. The frame, or raifed work, upon which
cannons are mounted.

4. [In law.] A violent ftriking of any
man. In an af^Lon againil a ftriker,
one may be found guilty of the aflault,
yet acquitted of the battery. There may
therefore be aflkult without battery ; but
battery always implies an aflault.

Chamber].
Why does he fuffcr this rude knave now to
knock him about the fconce with a dirty {hovel,
and w^l not tell him of hi& a^ion and battery f

Sbake/feare.
Sir, quo' the lawyer, not to flatter ye,
Vou have as go*>d ard *air a battery
As heart (jin «lfli, and need not Ihaine
The proudcft man alive to claim. HuiUkrau

Ba'ttish. ai^. [from ^fl/.] Refembling
a bat.

To be out late in a baitijh humour.

Gtrrleman Inflruded,

BATTLE, n.f. [bataille, Fr.]
1. A fight ; an encounter between oppo-
fitc armies. We generally fay a battle
of many, and a combat of two.

The En?, ifh army, that divided was
Into tw I parts, is now coDJ jin'd in one ;
And m^anj 10 give you battle prefently. Shakcfii.

The iatf.'c lone, and they within our power,
She'll n^ver fee his pardon. Shahjprare.

The race U not to the (wHt, nor the bati.e to
the ftrong. £ctte/. T

B A U

So they joined battle, and the heathen being dif-
comfitcd fled into the plain. i Maccabees.

2. A body of forces, or divifion of an
army.

The king divided his army into thee battles ;
wheveof the vanguard only, with wings, came to
fight. Baccn.

3. The main body, as diftinft from the
van and rear.

Angus led the avant-guard, himfelf followed
with the battle 3 good diftance behind, and after
came the arrier. Hayzuard.

4. We fay to join battle ; to give battle.
To Ba'tti-E. -v. n. [batailhr, Fr.] To

join battle ; to contend in fight.

"ris curs by craft and by furprizc to ga'n :
*Tis youis to meet in arms, and battle in the plain.

P, h'.

We receive accounts of ladies battling it or. both

fides. Add\ji,n.

I own, he hates an aflion bafc,

His virtues battling with his place. Sivift.

Battle-arra'y. ;»./. [See Battle and
Array.] Array, or order, of battle.

Two parties of fine women, placed in the op-
pofite fide boxes, feemed drawn up in battle-array
one agninft another. yiddifon.

Ba'ttle- AXE. n./. A weapon ufed an-
ciently, probably the fame with a bill.
t Certain tinners, as they were working, found
fpear heads, battle-axes, and fwords of copper,wrap.
ped in linen clouts. Careiv,

Ba'ttledoor. n.f. [fo called from a'oor,
taken for a flat board, and battle, or
Jlriking.'] An inftrument with a handle
and a flat board, ufed in play to llrike
a ball or (huitlecock.

Play-things, which arc above their ikill, as tops,
gigs, batcleJoart, and the like, which are to be
ufed with labour, <hould indeed be procured them.

Locke.

Ba'ttlement. n /. [generally fuppofed
to be formed from hattk, as the parts
from whence a building is defended
againil aflailants ; perhaps only cor-
rupted from b'timent, Fr.] A wall
raifed round the top of a building, with
embrafures, or interllices, to look thro'
to annoy an enemy.

And flx*d his head upon our bartltmentt.

Sbaktff. Macbeth.

Thou Ihalt make a batit-.ment for thy roof, that
thou bring not blood u^ton thy houfe, if any man
filll. DeuterctlC'tny,

Through this we pafs
Up to the higbcd battlement, from whence
The Tiojans threw their darts. Dentam.

Their liandard, planted on the bttttlement,
Defpiir and d^ath a.-nong the fnldiers f;nt. Dryd.

No, I (han't envy him, whoe'er ho be.
That i>ands upon the baiil.menit of iUte ;
I'd rather be fccore than great. /Harris,

The weighty mallet deals refounding bbws,
Till the proud batticntetttf her t'wVi inci.jfe. Guy.

Ba'tty. atlf. [from bat.] Belonging to a
bat.

Till o'er their brows death, counterfeiting deep,
With leaden legs and baity wings doth creep.

Sbakefficare.

Ba'varoy. n.f. A kind of cloak or fur-
tout.

l.ct the loop'd bavaray the fop embrace,
O. hiidWp cloak be fpat:cr'd o'er with lace. Gay.
Baubeh^ n.f. A word ufed in Scotland,
and the northern counties, for a half-
penny.

Tiia' in the drawers of my japan bureau,
To lady Gripeali I the Caiars fliow,

B A W

'Tis equal to her lady/hip or me
A copper Otho, or a Scotch baubee.

Bramji. Man cfTaJle.

Ba'vin. n.f. [of uncertain derivation.]
A flick like thofe bound up in faggots ;
a piece of wafte wood.

He rambled up and down
With (hallow jefters and ralh bavin wits,
Soon kindled, and foon burnt. Sbakefp. Henry IV.

For moulded to the life in clouts
Th' have pick'd from dunghills thereabouts.
He's m-mnted on a hazel bavin,
A crop'd malignant baker gave him. Hiidibrat.
The trunchL-ons make billet, bavin, and coals.

Miirtimcr.

"To Baulk. See Balk.
Ba'vvble. n.f. [Batiiellu/ii, In barbarous
Latin, fignified a jewel, or any thing
valuable, but not neceflary. Omnia bau-
bellafua dedit Othoni. Hoveden. Proba-
bly from beau, Fr.] A gewgaw ; a
trifling piece of finery ; a thing of more
fliow than ufe ; a trifle. It is in general,
whether applied to perfons or tilings, a
term of contempt.

She haunts me in every place. I was on the
fea bank with fome Venetians, and thither comes
the bauble, and falls me thus about my neck.

Sbakefpeare'i Othelh.
It is a paltry cap,
A cuftard coffin, a baivble, a filken pie. Sbakefp,
If, in our ontcft, we do not interchange ufcful
notions, we fliall traffick toys and bavjhles.

Government of the Tongue.
This (hall be writ to fright the fry away.
Who draw their little baiubles, when they play.

Dryden.

A lady's watch needs neither figures nor wheels ;

'Tis enough that 'tis loaded with baivblct and feais.

Prior.
Our author then, to pleafe you in your way,
Prefents you now a haivble of a play,
In gingling rhyme. Granville.

A prince, the moment he is crown'd.
Inherits every virtue round,
As emblems of the fovcreign pow'r.
Like other baivhles of the Tow'r. Sivift.

Ba'wbling. adj. [from ^axf^/f.] Tri-
fling; contemptible: a word not now
in ufe, except in converfation.

A b.itvbling veirel was he captain of.
For (hallow draft and bulk unprized ;
With which fuch (cathful grapple did he maks,
With the moft noble bottom of our fleet. Shak.

Ba'wcock. n.f. [perhaps from beau, or
baude, and cock.] A familiar word,
which feems to fignify the fame as fne
fellonu.

Why, how now, my baiucock ? how doft thou,
chuck ? Shaktf pi are's Tzvelfib Night.

BAWD. H.f [baude, old Fr.] A pro-
curer, or procurefs ; one that introduces
men and women to each other, for the
promotion of debauchery.

If your wor(hip will take order for the drabs and
the knaves, you need not to fear ic.ebaivds. Shak,

This commodity.
This bawd, this^ broker, this all-changing word.
Hath drawn him from his own determin'd aid,

Sbakefpeare.

Our author calls colouring Una fororis, thtba-.vd
of her (ilier defign ; (he drc(rcs her up, (he paints
her, (he procures for the defign, and makes lovers
for her. Dryden.

To Bawd, o-. n. [from the nOun.] To
procure ; to provide gallants with ilrura-
pcts.

Leuclppe is agent for the kind's lull, and batvds,

at tha fame timej to: the wiiole court. Mdifon.

X i And

B A W

And in four months > battrr'd hirridan {
Now nothing's left, but wither'd, pale, and Oinink,
To iav.-d for ollicrs, and go ihircs with punk.

Swifi.
Ba'wdily. aJv. [from latuifj.] Oo-

fceiiely.
^a'wdiness. n./. [(rom iatui/y.'] Ob-

rcenenefs.
Ba'wbrick. n./. [See Baldrick.] A
belt.

Frcilj jarlands too the virgins temples crown'J ;

The J uths gilt fwjrJs wore at ih.ir thighs, with

filvcr baivdricki bound. Chitf'man'i liiacL

Ba'wdry. »./. [contraftedfrom^atui/cry,
the pradlice of a bawd.]

1. A wicked pratflice of procuring and
bringing whores and rogues together.

jijliffe.
Cheating and tawdry go together in the world.

L'EJiratige,

2. Obfcenity ; unchafte language.

Pr'ythee fay on j he *s for a jig, or a tale of
tawdry, or he (lecps. Staiiff tare's HamUt.

I have no fait : no bmvdry he doth mean :
For witty, in hi% language, is obfcene. Btnyonfcju
]t is moii certain, that barefaced iavidry is the
pooreft pretence to wit imaginable. Drydcn,

'^AVi'DY.adj. [horn banud.'\ Obfcene; un-
chafte : generally applied to language.

The iaiudy wind, that kifles all it meets,
Is hufli'd within the hollow mine of earth,
And will not hear 't. Sbahffure's Ottel/o.

Only they.
That come to hear a merry baivdy play.
Will be deceiv'd. Siaiefftare.

Not ore poor iawdy jeft (hall dare appear ;
For now the batter'd veteran ftruiiipets here
Pretend at leaft to bring a modcd ear. Soulhcrn,

Ba'wdv-house. ». /. A houfe where
traffick is made by wickednefs and de-
bauchery.

Has the pope lately fliut up the laiudy-hcujes,

or does he continue to lay a tax upon Un i Dcii-U'

7a Bawl. -v. «, \^halo, Lat.]

1 . To hoot ; to cry with great vehemence,

whether for joy or pain. A word always

ufed in contempt.

They iaiuKot freedom in their fenfetcfs mood,
And ftiU revolt, when truth would fet them free.

Milton.

To cry the caufe up heretofore.
And iawl the biihops out of door. Hudiirat.

Through the thick fliades th' eternal fcribbler
tav. /s,
And (hakes the ftatues on their pedeftals. Dryden,

from his tov'd home no lucre him can draw ;
The fenate's mad decrees he never faw.
Nor heard at tatvlhg bars corrupted law. Drydcn.

Loud menaces were heard, and foul difgrace.
And taiviing infamy, in language bafe.
Till fenfe was loft in found, and (iience (led the
place. Drydin'i Fables.

So on the tuneful Margarita's tongue
The lift'ning nymphs and ravifli'd heroes hung ;
But cits and fops the heav'n-born mufick blame.
And haiil, and hifs, and damn her into fame. Smith.

I have a race of orderly elderly people, who can
tatvl when I am deaf, and tread (oftly when I am
only giddy and would (leep. Swift.

2. To cry as a froward child.

A little child was baiuling, and a woman chiding
it. VEJIrange.

If they were never fufTeted to have what they
cried for, they vrould never, with bawling and
fceTiihncfs, contend for maAery. Locke.

My hulband look him in, a dirty boy ; it was
the bufinefs of the fervants to attend him, the
rogue did bawl and make fuch a noife.

jlriylhmt's Hiftory of Jehu Bull.

T» Bawl. v. a. To proclaim as a wier.

B AY

It grieved me when I faw labours, which hti
coft fo much, tawUd about by common hawkers.

Swift.

Ba'wrel. »./ A kind of hawk. Di£f.
Ba'wsin. »./. A badger. Di^.

Bay. aJj. [iaJius, Lat.]

A bay horle is what is inclining to a chcftnut j
and this cobur is various, either a light lay or a
dark buy, according as it is lefs or more deep.
Theic are alfo coloured hoife-f, that are called
dappled bay:. All i,jy horfes are commonly called
brown by the common people.

All b,iy horfes have black manes, which'diftin-
gui/h them from the forrel, that have red or white
manes.

There are light bays and gilded bays, which art
fomewhat of a ycllowKh colour. The cheftnut
bay is that which comes nearcll to the colour of
the chcftnut. Farrier's DiSl.

My lord, you gave good words the other day
of a bay courfer I rode on. 'Tis yours becaufe
you liked it. Shaieffeare.

Poor Tom ! proud of heart to ride on a bay
trotting horfe over four inch'd bridges. Shakeff.

His colour grey.
For beautv dappled, or the brighteft bay. Dryden.

BAY. ti.'f. [baye, Dutch.]

I. An opening into the land, where the

water is ftiut in on all fides, except at

the entrance.

A reverend Syracufan merchant.
Who put unluckily into this bay. Shakefpeare.

We have alfo iome works in the midft of the
fca, and fome bays upon the (hore for fomc works,
wherein is required the air and vapour of the fea.

Baccn.

Hail, facred folitude ! from this calm bay
1 view the world's tempeftuous fca. Rtfccmmon.

Here in a royal bed the waters (leep.
When tir'd at fea, within this iiiythey creep. t)ryd.

Some of you have bay. Dryden.

z. A pond head raifed to keep in ftore

of water for driving a mill.
Bay. n. f. \abboi, Fr. fignifies the laft

extremity ; as. Innocence eji aux ahhoins.

Boileau. Innocence is in the iitmoji dijirefs.

It is taken from ahboi, the barking of

a dog at hand, and thence fignified the

condition of a flag when the hounds were

almoft upon him.]

1. The ftate of any thing furrounded by
enemies, and obliged to face them by
an impoflibility of efcape.

This (hip, for (ifteen hours, fate like a flag
among hounds at the bay, and was fieged and
fought witli, in turn, by (i/tecn great (hips.

Bacons fVar milh Spain.

Fair liberty, purfucd and meant a prey
To lawlefs power, here turn'd, and flood at bay.

Deiiham.

Nor flight was left, nor hopes to force his way j
Embolden'd by defpair, he ftood at bay ;
Refolv'd on death, he dilTipatcs his fears.
And bounds aloft againli the pointed fpcars. Dryd.

2. Some writers, perhaps miftaking the
meaning, have ufed lay as referred to
the aflailant, for diftance beyond which
no approach could be made.

All, fir'd with noble emulation, ftrive ;
And with a ftorm of darts to diftance drive
The Trojan chief; who, held at bay, from far
On his Vulcanian orb fuftain'd the war. Drydin.

Wc have now, for ten years together, turned the
whole force and expence of the war, where the
enemy was bell able to hold us at a bey. S'.vft.

Bay. n. /. In architefture, a term ufed
to fignify the magnitude of a building ;
as, if a barn confifts of a floor and two
heads, where they lay corn, they call it
a barn of two bays, Thefe bayj are from

BAY

fourteen to twenty feet long, and floors
from ten to twelve broad, and ufually
twenty feet long, which is the breadth
of the barri. BuUi/er's Diff.

If this law hold in Vienna ten years, I'll rent the
faircft houfe in it after threepence a bay. Slakfp,

There may be kept one thoufand bulhels in
each bay, there being fixtccn hays, each eighteen
feet long, about feventcen wide, or three hundred
fquarc feet in each bay. Mortimer.

Bay Tree, [lauriis, Lat.] The tree, as
is generally thought, which is tranflated
laurel, and of which honorary garlands
were anciently made.

I have feen the wicked in great power, and
fpreading himfelf like a green bay tree. Pfalms.

Bay. a./. A poetical name for an ho-
norary crown or garland, bellowed as a
prize for any kind of vitlory or exceU
lence.
Beneath his reign (hall Eufden wear the lays.

Pope.
To Bay. -v. n [abboyer, Fr.]

1 . To bark as a dog at a thief, or at the
game which he purfues.

And all the while (he (load upon the ground.
The wakeful dogs did never ceafe to bay. Fairy S^.

The hounds at neary diftance hoarfely bay'd ;
The hunter clofe purfued the vifionary maid ;
She rent the heav'n with loud laments, imploring
aid. Dryden's Fables,

2. [from bay, an inclofed place.] To en-
compafs about ; to fhut in.

We are at the (lake.
And tay'd about with many enemies. Sbaktffeare.

To Bay. 1". a. To follow with barking;
to bark at.

I was with Hercules and Cadmus once,
When in the wood of Crete they bay'd the boar
With hounds of Sparta. Sbvkeffeare.

If he (hould do fa, /

He leaves his back unarm'd, the French and Welch
Baying him at the heels. Slakeffeare.

Bay Salt. Salt made of fea water, which
receives its confiftence from the heat of
the fun, and is fo called from its brown
colour. By letting the fca water into
fquare pits or bafons, its furface being
ftruck and agitated by the rays of the
fun, it thickens at firll imperceptibly,
and becomes covered over with a flight
cruft, which hardening by the conti-
nuance of the heat, is wholly converted
into fait. The water in this condition
is fcalding hot, and the cryftallization
is perfedled in eight, ten, or at moft
fifteen days. Chambers.

All eruptions of air, though fmall ord flight,
give found, which we call crackling, puffing, fpit-
ting, &c. as in lay fait and bay leaves caft into (ire.

Bacon.

Bay Windoiu. A window jutting out-
ward, and therefore forming a kindof
bay or hollow in the room.
It hath lay windntti tranfparent as barricadoes.

IShaktfpejre^
Bay Tarn. A denomination fometimes
ufed promifcuoufly with woollen yarn.

Chambers.
Ba'yard. «. / [from bay.'\ A bay horfe.

Blind bayard m"vrs the mill. Philips.

Ba'vonet. «./. [baytttette,7t.'\ A ftiort

fword or dagger fixed at the end of a

muflcet, by which the foot hold off the

horfe. .

One of th». black fpots is long «nd (lender, and
rtfemblcs a dagger or baycnet. ffocdivard.

Bayze.

B E A

B E A

B E A

Preter,

ec

{

Bavze. See Baize.

SDE'LLIVM. n.f. [/9JeXXi»> ; nha.] An
aromatick gum brought from the Le-
vant, ufed as a medicine, and a per-
fum*. Bdellium is mentioned both by
the aiicieat uaturalifts and in Scripture ;
but it is doubtful whether any of thefe
be tlie fame with the modern kind.

Chambers.
' This hdeW.um is a tree of the bignefs of an oiivc,
whereof Arabia hath great plenty, which yieidech
a certain gum, fweec to fmell t-j, but bitter in
tafte, called aifo IdtL'ium. The Hebrews take the
loadftone for bdellium. Saliigb.

To BE. -v. n. [This word is fo remarkably
irregular, that it is neceffary to fet down
many of its terminations.
Prefent. / am, thou art, he is, lue are. Sec.
com, eapr, if, apon. Sax.
/ ivas, thou txaji or inert,
paej-, pxr-e.

hi nuas, toe luere, tec.
paj-, pxpon. Sax.

The conjunftlve mood.
/ be, thou beejl, he be, ice be, &C.
beo, bip:, b?o, beon. Sax.]

1. To have (bme certain flate, condition,
quality, or accident ; as, the man is
wife.

Seventy frnaton died
By their profcriptions, Cicero heiitg one. Sbaheff.
He hath to-night bun in unusual pleafure. Sbak.
Bt what thou hop' ft to be, or what thou art,
Kciign to death, it is not worth enjoying. Stakf^).

Be but about
To fay Qie 15 a goodly lady, and
The juftice «f your hearts will add thereto,
'Tis pity file it not honeft, honourable. Shahjh.
Let them (hew the former things what they be,
that we may confidcr them. Ipiah.

ITiercforc be fure.
Thou, when the bridegroom with bis feailful

frieods
Paflet to blifs at the mid hour of night.
Hail gain'd thy entrance, virgin wife and pure.

Milton.
It is not eafy to difcem what fuch men would be
at. Sutlingfeel.

* To fay a man hat 'a clear idea of quantity, with-
out knowing how great it ;j, is to fay, he has the
clear idea ci the number of the fands, who knows
not how many they be. Locke.

2. It is the auxiliary verb by which the
verb paflive is formed.

The winr of life ij drawn, and the mcer lees
Is left thia vault to brag of. Shatrffeare,

3. To exift ; to have exiflence.

The times have hen.

That when the brains were out the man would

die. Macbeth.

Here ceafe, ye powers, and let your veageanceend,

Troy ir iw) mnre, and can no more offer.d. Dryden.

All th' impoflibilities, which pjets
Count to extravagance of loofe dcfcription.
Shall fooner be. Rciue.

To be, conterts his natural defirc j
He aflts no angel't wing, nor feraph's fire. Pope.

4. To have fomething by appointment or
rule.

If all political power be derived only from Adam,
and be ro defcend only to his fuccelTive heirs, by
the ordinance of Cid, and divine inftiiutlor, this
is a right antecedent and paramount to a'l go-
vtrnment. L^ke.

5. Let BE. Do not meddle with j leave
untouched.

Let le, faid he, my pfey. DryJen.

BEACH, n./. The flvorc, particularly

that part that is daflied by the wave; ;
the ftrand.

The filhermen, that walk upon the befch.
Appear like mice. Sbakejptar/' s Kng Lear.

Deep to the rocks of hell the gather'd heacb
They faften'd, and the mole immenfe wrought on
Over the foaming deep. Milicn,

They find the waihed amber further out upon

the btaches and ihores, wiiere it has been longer

cxpofed. Wx,dward.

Be'.^ched. eitij. [from bea<:h.'\ Expofed

to the waves.

Timon hath made his everlafVing manlion
Upon the beached verge of the fait flood ■;
Which, once a day, with his emboficd froth
The turbulent furge ihall cover. Sbakefpeare.

Be'achy. adj. [from beach.l Having
beaches.

The beacby girdle of the ocean
Too wide for Neptune's hips. Shjkefpeare.

Be'acon. n.f. [beacon. Sax. from been,
a fignal, and becnan, whence beckon,
to make a fignal.]

1. Something raifed on an eminence, to
be fired on the approach of an enemy, to
alarm the country.

His blazing eyes, like two bright fiiining (hiehii;
Did bum with wrath, and fparkled living fire ;
As two broad beacons fet in open fields
Send forth their flames. fairy S^een.

Modcll doubt is call'd
The beacon of the wife. Stakefpeare.

The king feemed to account of Pcrkin as a
May-game j yet had given order for the watching
of beacons upon the coalls, and erecting more where
they floiid too thin. Ba:on,

No flaming beacons caft their blaze afar.
The dreadful fignal of invafive war. Cay.

2. Marks crefled, or lights made in tlie
night, to diredt navigators in their
courfes, and warn them from rocks,
fhallows, and fandbanks.

Bead. n.f. [b«abe, prayer, Saxon.]

1. Small globes or balls of glafs or pearl,
or other fubftance, ftrung upon a thread,
and ufed by the Romanics to count their
prayers ; from whence the phrafe to tell
beads, or to be at one's beads, is to be at
prayer.

That aged dame, the lady of the place.
Who all this while was bufy at hn beads. Fairy ^

Thy voice 1 fecm in every hymn to hear.
With ev'ry bead 1 drop too foft a tear. Pope,

2. Little balls worn about the neck for or-
nament.

With fcarfs and fans, and double charge of
brav'ry,
With amber bracelets, beads, and all fuch knav'ry.

Sbakefpeare.

3. Any globular bodies.

Thy Ipirit within thee hath been fo at war.
That tegds of fweat have ftood upon thy brow.

Sbakejpeare.

Several yellow lumps of amber, almod like

beads, with one fide flat, had faftened therafclves

to the bottom. Boyle.

Bt-XoTree. [azedaraeh."] A plant.

Be'adle. n./. [bybel. Sax. ameflenger;

bedeau,FT. bedel, iip3.n. bedelle, Dmch.]

1. A meflenger or fervitor belonging to a
court. Coiuell.

2. A petty officer in parifhes, whofe bufi-
nefs it is to punith petty offenders.

A dog's obey'd in office.
Thou rafcal beadle, huU thy bl'ioJy hand :
Why doll thou lafii t)iat whore ? Sbakefpeare.

Thry ought to be ta'«cn care of in this condi-
tion, either by the beadU or the aagllirate.

Spenattr.

Their common loves, a lewd abandon'd pack,
" The beadle'i lafli ftilliflaerar.t on their back. Prior,
Be'aproll. n.f. [from bead and roll.] A
catalogue of thofe who arc to be men-
tioned at prayers.

The king, for the better credit of his rfpiais
abroad, did ufe to have thcni curfcd by name
amougft tlie beadicll of tiic king's enemies.

. P, icon's Henry VI f.

Be'adsman. n.f. [(torn bead ?t.ndma>!.\
A man employed in praying, generally
in praying for another.

An holy hofpital,
In which feven beadfm:n, that had vowed all
Their life to fenicc of high heaven's ki ng. Fairy i^.

In thy danger.
Commend thy grievance to my holy prayer ;
For I v.ill be thy bcadfrnan, Valentine. Sbclrfpi

Be'agle. n.f. [bigle, Fr.] Afraallhound
with wliich hares are hunted.

The reft were various huntings.
The graceful goddcfs was array'd in green j
About her feet were little beagles fcen.
That watch'd with upward eyes the motions of
their queen. Dryden s Fables.

To plains with we'tl-bred beagles we repair.
And trace the mazes of the circling hare. Pope.-
BEAK. n.f. [bee, Fr. pig,\Ye\ai.)

1. The bill or horny mouth of a bird.

His royal bird
Prunes the immortal wing, and cloys his beah.
As when his god is pleas'd. Sbakefp. Cymbeline.

He faw the ravens with their hurny beaks
Fond to Elijah bringinii. Miltoii's Paradife Reg.

The magpye, lighting on the ftock,
StooJ chat:' ring with incefl'ant din,
And with her beak gave many a knock. S'xviff.

2. A piece of brafs like a beak, fixed ac
the end of the ancient gallics, with
which they pierced their enemies. It
can now be ufed only for the fore part
of a fhip.

With boiling pitch another near at hand.
From friendly S^■.eden brought, the feams inflops 5-
Which, well laid o'er, the f ilt fea waves withftand.
And fiiake them from the tifing beak in drops.

Dryden.

3. A beak is a little flioe, at the toe about-
an inch long, turned up and faftened ia
upon the fore-part of the hoof.

y Farrier's DiQ.

4. Any thing ending in a point like a
beak ; as, the fpout of a cup ; a pro-
minence of land.

Cuddenbeak, from a well-advanced promontory,

which entitled it beak, taketh a profpect of the

river. Careius Surrey.

Be'aked. adj. [from beak.] Having a

beak ; having the form of a beak.

And qucftion'd every guft of rugL^cd winds.
That blows from off each beakid promontory.

Milton.

Be'aker,»./. [from beak.] A cup with-
a fpout in the form of a bird's beak.

And into pikes and mufqucteers
Stampt beakers, cups, and porringers. hudihra;.

With dulcet bcv'rage this the beaker crown'd.
Fair in the midll, with gilded cups around.

P(,pe's Odypy.

Beal. n.f. [bolla, Ital.] A whelk or

pimple.
To Beal. 'v. a. [from the noun.] To

ripen ; to gather matter, or come to a

head, as a lore does.
BEAM. n.f. [beam. Sax. a tree.]
I. The main piece o^timber that fupportS'

the houle.

A beam is the largeft piece of wood in a build-
ing, wbidi always lies crofs the building or the

walls,

B E A

B E A

B fi A

w*Ui( rerving to Aipport the principal r>ften of th
roof, and into which tl<c feet of the principal raf
tcrs are framed. No building has lefs tlian two
hcoKu, one at each head. Into theie, the girders
of the garret floor are alfo framed j and| if the
building be of timberi the tciicl-tenoni of the
pofts are framed. The proportions of teams, in or
near London, are fiied by a£t of parliament. A
bum, fifteen feet long, muft be feven inches on
one fide its fquare, and live on the other; if it be
fixtern feet long, one fide muft be eight inche^i
the other fix ; and fo proportionable to their
lengths. Byilitr'i Dili.

The building of living creatures is like the
building of a timber houfc ; the walls and other
parti have columns and beam, but the roof is tile,
or lead, or ftone. Bent:

He iieav'd, with more than human force, to
move
A u-etghty ftone, the labour of a team.
And rais'd from thence he reach'd the nei^hb'ring
heatu, Dryden.

2. Any large and long piece of timber :
a beam muft have more length th.m
thicknels, by which it is diAinguiihed
from a block.

But Lycus, fwiftcr.
Springs to the walls, and leaves his foes behind,
And fnatches at the heav. he firft cm find.

DryJin's j^reU.

3. That part of a balance, at the ends of
which the fcales are fufpended.

Pjif; the caufe in juftice' equal fcales,
Whofe team Hands fure, whofe rightful cauie pre-
vails. ' Skahejyeare.
If the length of the fides in the balance, anJ
the weights at the ends, be bith equal, the btam
will be in horizontal fituation : but if either the
weights alone be equal, or the dlftances alone, the
hcam will accordingly decline. ffUkim.

4. The horn of a iVkg.

And taught the woods to echo to the ftream
His dreadful challenge, and his clafliing iiem.

Dmbam.

5 . The pole of a chariot ; that piece of
wood which runs between the horfes.

Juturna heard, and, fciz'd with mortal fear,
Forc'd from the beam her brother's charioteer.

Dryditi,

6. Among weavers, a cylindrical piece of
wood belonging to the loom, on which
the web is gradually rolled as it is wove.

The ftaff of his Ipear was like a weaver's btam.

1 Ckrort.

7. Beam of an Anchor. The ftraight part
er (hank of an anchor, to which the
hooks are faftened.

8. Beam Compares. A wooden or brafs in-
ftrument, with Aiding fockets, to carry
feveral (hifting points, in order to draw
circles with very long radii ; and ufefui

. in large projections, for drawing the
furniture on wall dials. Harris.

9. [funnebeam. Sax. a ray of die fun.]
The ray of light emitted from fome lu-
minous body, or received by the eye.

Pile ten hills on the Tarpeian rock.
That the precipitation might down ftrctch
Below the beam of !ig!it. SbakcJfeare'sCor'iolanus,
Pleafing, yet cold, like Cynthia's filver brttm.

Dryden.
As hcav'n't bleft beam tumi vinegar mure irur.

Pope.

To Beam. i». n. [from the noun.] To
emit rays or beams.

Each emanation of his fires
That beami on earth, e ich virtue he infpires. Pofx.

Beam Tree. A fpeciefof wild fervice.

Be'amy. edj. [from lieam.\

I. Radiant; Ihming ; emitting beams.

All-feeing fun !
Hi4e, h de in Ihamcful night, thy beamy liead.

Sirirb.

2. Having tie weight or maffinefs of a
beam.

H s double-biting axe, and beamf fpear;
Each jlcing a gigantic farce to rear. Dryil, Fablei.

J. Having horns or antlers.

Rouze fr>im their defert dens the brift!cd rage
Of boars, and beamy iVags in toils engage .

Dryden I Virgil.
Bean. »./ [fata, Lat.]

The fpecies arc, i. 1'he c >mmon garden bean.

a. The lior/e bean. There arc feveral varieties

of the garden beans, differing either in colour or

fize. The principal forts which are cultivated in

England, a.e the Mazagan, the fmall Lilbon, the

Spanifh, thf^ Tokay, the Sandwich, and Wtniifor

beam. The Mazagan bear. I'i brought fron a fet-

tlementof the Porlugucfe, on the c aft of Africa,

of the fame name ; and is by far the beft fort to

plant for an early crop. Miller,

His allowance of oats and beans for his horfc

was greater than his journey required. Stvift,

Bean Caper, [fabago."] A plant.

Beam Trejfcl, An herb.

To BEAR. 1'. a. pret. / bore, or bare ;

V-art. pair, bore, or born, [beojian, bepan.

Sax. bairan, Gothick. Jt is founded as

bare, as the are in care and tiare.'\

1. This is a word ufed with fuch latitude,
that it is not eafily explained.

We fay to bear a burden, to bear forrow or re-
proach, to bear a name, to bear a grudge, to bear
fruit, or to bior ciiildren. The word bear is ufed
in very diticrent fcnfes. fyatli,

2. To carry as a burden.

They bfar him upon the Ihoulder} they carry
him and fet him in his place. Ifaiab,

And Solomon had threefcore and ten thoaiand
that bare burdens. 1 Kings.

As an eagle ftirreth up her neft, (luttcreth over
her young, Ipreadcth abroad her wings, taketh
them, bearelb them on her wings. Dtuteroncmy.

We fee fome, who we think have bcrn lefs oi
the burden, rewarded above ourlelves.

Decay of Piety.

3. To convey or carry.

My meffage to the ghoft of Priam iear \
Tell him a new Achilles fent thee there. Dryd,J^n,

A gueft like him, a Trojan gucft befoie,
In fhew oi fricndlhip, fought tlie Spartan Ihore,
And ravijh'd Helen from her hufband htre. Garth.

4. To carry as a mark of authority.

1 do commit into your hand
Th' unftained fword that you have us'd to bear.

Stukffpeare,

5 . To carry as a mark of diftinftion.

He may not bear fo fair and fo noble an image
of thf divine glory, as the univerfe •n its full
fy.^em. Huh.

His pious brother, fure the beft
Who e\or bore that name. Dryden.

The fad fpeflators ftiffen'd with their fears
She fee?, and fudJen every limb (he fmears,;
Then each of favagc bcafts thf figure bears. Garth.

His fupreme fpirlt of mind will bear its beft re-
femblancc, when it rcprefents the fupreme infinite.

Cbeyne.

So we fay, to bear arms in a coat.

6. To carry, as in fliow.

Look like the ti.me ; bear welcome in your eye,
Your hand, your tongue ; look like the innocent

flower.
But b| the fcrpent under 't. Stakejfeare.

7. To carry, as in trulL

He was a thief, and had the bag, and bare what
WIS put therein. yobn.

8. To fupport ; to keep from falling :
frequently with up.

Under colour of rooting out popery, the rooft
cft'eAual means to bear uf the ftate of rclig'ien

may be remoTed, and fo • way be male either (<*
paganifm, or for barbarifm, to enter. Hotker.

And Simfon took hold of the two middle piU
lari, upon which the houfc ftood, and on which tc
was br<rne up. yudgtt*

A religious hope does not only bear uf the mind
under her fufierings, but nakei her rejoice in
them. yiddi/m.

Some power iovifiWe fupports his foul.
And bears it up in all its wonted f reatnefs. ^ddif*^

g. To keep afloat ; to keep from finking t- '
ibmetimes with up.

The waters increafcd, and bare up the ark, and
it was lifted up above the earth. Genejit,

10. To fupport with proportionate ftrength.

Animals that ufc a great deal of labour and
excrcife, have their foliJ par;s more eiaftick and
ftrong j they can bear, and ought to have, ftrongcr
food. jlrbttibnsi c» Mmrrtt.

1 1. To carry in the mind, as love, hate.

How did the open multitude reveal
The wond'rous love they bear him under hand !

Daniel.

They hare great faith and obedience to the
kings. Bacon.

Darah, the eldeft, bean a generous raiod,
But to implacable revenge inclin'J. Dryden.

The coward bin the man immortal fpite. Dryd.

As for this gentleman, who is fond of her, ihe
bearelb him an invincible hatred. Swift,

That inviolable love I bear to the land of my
nativity, prevailed upon me to engage in fo bold
an attempt. Swift*

12. To endure, as pain, without finking.
]t was not an enemy that reproach'd me, then I

could have bcrne it. P/almi.

13. To fufFer ; to undergo, as puuilhment
or misfortune.

I have borne chaftifements, I will not offend any
more. ^fii.

That which was torn of beafts I brought not
unto thee, 1 bare the lofs of it j of my hand dldft
thou require it. Genefis.

1 4. To permit ; to fufFer without refent-
menc.

To rejcfl all orders of the church which men
fcive eftablilhed, is to think worfe of the laws of
men, in this refped, than either the juiigment of
wife men alloweth, or the law of God itfcif will
bear. Honker*

Not the gods, nor angry Jove, will har
Thy la\\*lefs wand'ring walks in upper air. Drytt

I 5. To be capable of; to admit.

Being the fon of one earl of Pembroke, and
younger brother to another, who liberally fupplied
his expcnie, beyond what his annuity from hit
father could bear. Chrendon.

Give his thought either tlie fame turn, if our
tongue wiU bear it, or, if not, vary but the drefs.

Dryden,

Do not charge your coins with more ufcs than
they can bear. It is the method of fuch as love
any fciencc, to difcover all others in it.

Addijin OB Medals.

Had he not been eager to find iniftakes, he
would not have ftraincd my works to fuch a fcnfe
as they will not bear. Aiterbury.

In all criminal cales, the moft favourable inter-
pretation Ihould be put upon words that they
puflibly can tear. Swift,

16. To produce, as fruit.

There be fome plants that bear no flower, and
yet bear fruit : there be fome that bear flowers,
and no fruit : there be fome that bear neither
flowers nor fruit. Bacon,

They wing'd their flight aloft ; then, {looping
low,
Perch'd on the double tree that bears the golden
bough. Dryden. .

Say, (hepherd, fay in what glad foil appears
A wond'rous tree that lacred monaichsirarj. Poft,

17. To bring forth, as a child.

The

B E A

B E A

B E A

The quecR, that hm thee

Cftner upon her knecj than on her tVet,

Died every day fhe liv'd- Sbaktjfcare.

Ye know that my wife tare two fons. Gerujii*

What could the mufe herfeltthat Orpheus i«r<-.

The mufe herf?lf, for her enchanting fon ? Milun.

The fame jTneas, whom fair Venus hre
To fam'd Anchifes on th'Idean (hote. Drydtn,

1 8. To give birth te ; to be the native
place of.

Here dwelt the man divine whom Samos Icre,
But now felf-bani(h'd from his native Ihore. Dryr!.

19. To poffefs, as power or honour.

Wlien vice prevails, and impious men ^rarfway,
The pod of honour is a private ftation. Add'if. Cato.

20. To gain ; to win : commonly with
atvay.

As it more concerns the Turk than Rhodes,
So may he with more facile queftion htar it ;
For that it liands not in fuch warlike brace. Sbak.

Becaufe the Greek and Latin have ever i>orne
away the prerogative from all other tongi.es, they
Ihall fervc as toucbftooes to make our trial> by.

Cijmdin.

Some think to itar it by fpeaking a great word,
and being peremptory ; and go on, and take by
admittance that which they cannot make good.

21. To maintain ; to keep up.

He findi the pleafure and credit of Arariff^ a part
Ih the convcrfacion, and of hearing his reafons ap-
proved. LacU.

zz. To fupport any thing good or bad.

1 was carried on to oblerve, how they did hear
their fortunes, and how they did employ tlielr
times. Baan.

23. To exhibit.

Ye Trojan flames, your tcftimony btary
What I perform'd and what I fufter'd there. Dryd,

24. To be anfwerable for.

If I bring him not unto thee, let me tear the
blame. Gimfa.

O more than madmen ! you yourfelves (hall hear
The guilt of blood and facrilcgiou] war. Drjden.

25. Tofupply.

What have you under your arm ? Somewhat that
will bear yourdiarges in your pilgrimage ? Dryd.

a6. To be the objed of. This is unufual.

rU oc your father and your brother too \
Let me but bear your love, 1*11 bear your cares.

Sbaheff^eare.

27. To behave j to aft in any charafter.

Some good inflruAion give.
How I may bear me hete. Shateffeare.

Hath he borne himfelf penitent in prifon ? Hbak,

28. To hold ; to reftrjin I with 0^

Do you fufpsfe t.he fl.ite .,i this realm to be now
fo feeble, that it cannot bear nffi greater bliw than
this ? Hayuard.

29. To impel ; to urge; to pulh : with
fome particle noting the direftion of the
impulfe ; as, di,'wn, on, hackyfofwarj.

The refidue were lo d:f,rdered as they could
not conveniently fight or fly, nnd not only juftlel
and bore dovta one another, but, in their confufea
tumbling back, brake a part of the avant guard.
Sir yokn Hayivard.
Contention, like a horfe
Full of high feeding, madly hath broke lonfe.
And beart dorvn all before him. Sbjkefpeare.

Their broken oars, and floating planks, withf^ and
Their paflagc, while they labour to the land ;
And ebbing tides bear back upon th' uncertain fand.

Dryden,

Now with a nclfeiefs gentle courle
It keeps within the middle bed j
Anon it lifts aloft the head,
And bean dawn all before it with impetuous force.

Dryden.

Truth is bartie dawn, atteflation> neglcitrd, the
teftimony of fober pcrfons defpifed. Sivifi.

The bopci of enjojring the abbey landt wo.ild

foon hear dnon all conliderations, and be ah e/Tcc-
tual incitement to their perverficu. S'wift.

30. To conduft ; to manage.

My hope is
So to bear through, and out, the confulfhip,
As fpite ihali ne'er wound you, though it may me.

Si* *Jin^m.

31. To prefs.

Csefar doth bear me hard j but he loves Brutus.

ShakeJ^ear^ .

Though he hear me hard,

I yet muil do him right. Ben Jortjon.

Thefe men bear hard upon 1*10 fufpc^ed party,

purfue her clofe through all her windings. .^^Wj/o;;.

32. To incite ; to animate.

But confidence then hire thee on ; fecure
Either to meet no danger, or to find
Matter of glorious trial. Mi/ton.

33. To bear a hoJy, A colour is faid to
iear a body in painting, when it is capa-
ble of being ground fo fine, and mixing
with the oil fo entirely, as to feem only
a very thick oil of the fame colour.

34. To bear date. To carry the mark of
the time when any thing was written.

35. To bear a price. To have a certain
value.

36. To bear in hand. To amufe with falfe
pretences ; to deceive.

Your daughter, whom Ihe btire in hand to love
With fuch integrity, flie did confcfs,
Was as a fcorpion to her fight. Shakeffeare.

His ficknefs, age, and impotence.
Was falfely b^mc in band, Sbakefpearc.

He repaired to Biugcs, defiring of the dates of
Bruges to enter peaceably into their town, with
a retinue fit fvx his eflatc j and hearing them in
hand, that he wa« to communicate with them ot
matters of great importance, for their good. Bacon.

It is no wonder, that fome would hear the world
in hand, that the apodle^s dcfign and meaning is for
prcibytery, though his words arc for epifcopacy.

Houth.

37. To bear off. To carry away.

1 will refpect thee as a father, if
Thou hear ji my life e^hencc. Shakefpeare.

The fun views halfthe earth on cither way,
And here brings on, and there bean off the day.

Creech.

Give but the word, we'll fnatch this damfel up.

And tiar her cff, Addifin's Cato.

My foul g^roVK defperate.
I'll hear her tff. A. Pinlifs.

38. Te bear out. Toftjpport ; to maintain ;
to defend.

I hupe y our warrant will bear ml the deed. Sbak.

I can once or twice a quarter bear out a knave
againd an honed man* Sbakefpearc.

Changes arc never without dangerVTmlefs the
prince be able to bear out his actions by power.

Sir y. Hayvjord.

Quoth Sidrophel, I do not doubc
To find friends that will hear me out. Hadibrai,

Company only can bear a man out in an ill
thing. Siuih.

I doubted whether that occafnn could bear me
cut in the confidence of giving your ladyfhip any
farther trouble. Icmjilt.

To Be A R. v. V.

1. To fuffer pain.

Stranger, ceafe thy care ;
Wife i< the foul ; but man is born to hear :
Jove weighs affairs of earth in dubious fcales,
And the gr,od fuHets while the bad prevails. Pope.
They bore as heroes, but they felt at men. Pofe.

2. To be patient.

I cannot, cannot bear \ 'tis pad, 'tis done ;
Perilh this impious, this detefted fon! Dryden.

3. To be fruitful or prolifick.

A fruit tree hath been blown up almod by the
roots, and ki a^ again, aud (he acsC year hear
exceedingly. Sear.^

Betwixt two feafons comes th' aufpicioul ar».
This age to bloflbm, and the next to hear. Dryden.

Melons on beds of ice ate taught to hear.
And, drangers to the fun, yet ripen here. Gran-vUlt.

4. To take effeft ; to fucceed.

Having pawned a full fuit of clothes for a fum
of money, which my operator aflTured me was the
lad he fljould want to bring all our matters to
hear. Guardian*

5. To aft in any charadler.

Indruft me
How I may formally in perfon bear
Like a true friar. Shakefpeare*

6. To tend ; to be direfted to any point :
with a particle to^etermine the mean-
ing ; as. It/), iit/jay, onrward.

I'he oily drops, Iwimming on the fpirit of wine,
moved redleffly to and fio, fometimes hearing up
to one another, as if all were to unite into one
body i and then falling oft", and continuing tJ (hift
places. Bcjte.

Never did men more joyfully obey.
Or fooner underdood the fign to fly :
With fuch alacrity they bmc aivay. Dryden^

Whofe navy like a dift'-dretch'd cord did Ihew,
Till he bore in, and best them into dighc. Dryd.

On this the hero fix'd an oak in fighr,
The m.irk to guide the mariners aright :
To hear mirb this, the feamen dretch their oars^
Then round the rock they deer, and feck ihe
former (horcs. Drydtn,

In a convex mirrour, we view the figures and
all other things, which bear out vihh more lif-' and
drcngth than nature itfelf. Dryden.

7. To aft as an impellent, opponent, or
as a reciprocal power : generally with,
the particles ufon or againfi.

We were cncounter'd by a mighty rock.
Which being violently borne upon,
Our helplcfs (hip was fplitted in the midd. ShaM.

Upon the tops of mountains, the air which heart
again/t the redagnant quickfilver is lefs prefled.

Bcyle.^

The fides bearing one againjl the other, they
could not lie fo dole at the bottoms. Burnet.

As a lion, bounding in his way,
With foice augmented bears againfi his prey.
Sideling to feize. Dryden.

Becaufe the operations to be performed by the
teeth require a confiderablc drength in the indru-
ments which move the lower jaw, nature hath
provided this with drong mufcles, to make it bear
forcibly againjl the upper jaw. Ray.

The weight of the body doth hear mod upon the
knee joints, in raifing itfelf up j and mod upon the
mufcles of the thighs, in coming down. Pf^ilkins.

The waves of the lea hear violently and rapidly
upon fome Ihoies, the waters being pent up by the
land. Broonit.

8. To aft upon.

Spinoid, \v;tji his (hot, did hear upon thofe with-
in, who appeared upon the walls. Haytoard.

9. To be fituated with refpeft to other
places ; as, this mountain bears weft of
the promontory.

10. To bear up. To ftand firm without
falling ; not to fink ; not to faint or faiL

So long as nature
Will hear up with this cxetcife, fo long
I daily vow to ulc ir. Sbakefpearc.

Perlbns in didrcfs may fpeak of themfclves with
dignity ; it (hews a greatnefs of foul, that they
hear up againd the dorms vf fortune. Broome.

The conlcioufnefsof integrity, the fenfeof a life
fpent in doing good, will enable a man to hear up
under any change of circumftanccs. Aitirbury.

When our commanders ar^d foldicrs were raw
and unexperienced we lod battles and towns : yet.
we bore up then, ai the French do now ; nor was-
there any thing decifive in their fuccelTes. Stvift,

M. To bear 'wit/j. To endure an unpleaf-
ing thing.

Th«y

B E A

They are content to bur vi'itb my abfence and
foUy.

Though I muft be content to btar with thofc
that fay you are reverend grave men ; yet they lie
deadly, that tell you, you hive good faces. Shak.

Look you lay home to him;
Tell him his pranks have been too broad to t>-i>r
^itb. Sbaiffpfjrf.

Sear toUh me then, if lawful what I alk. Milicn.

BEAR. It./, [bepa, Saxon; ur/t/t,hit.]

1. A rough fiwage aitimal.

Some have falfely reported, that iriirs bring tht-it
"ycunt into the world Ibpelefs, and that thcii dams
lick them into form. The dams go no longer than
thirty days, and generally produce five young onafc
In the winter, they lie hid and afleep, the male
forty days, and the femai* four months ; and fo
foundly for the lirft fourteen days, that blows will
n^t waltt them. In the flcepy feafjn, they are
/aid to have no nourifliment but from licking their
feet. This animal has naturally an. hideous louk,
but when enraged it is terrible ; and, as rough
and ftupid as it fccms to be, it is capablf of difci-
plinc ; it leapt, dances, and plays a thoufand little
tricks at the found of a trumpet. They abound in
Poland. In the remote northern countries the fpe-
. cies is whi:e. Ca!met>

Call hithtr to the (lake my two brave bean,
Bid Saiifijury and Warwick come to me.
—Arc ihcfe thy bears ? we'll bait thy beirs to death,
And manacle the bearward in their chains. Sbak.

Thou'dft fliun a hear ;
But if thy flight lay tow'rd the raging fca,
Thou'dft meet the bear V th" mouth. Shahfptare.

2. The name of two conftellations, called
the greater and UJJir bear ; in the tail
of the lejjir bear, is the pole-ftar.

E'en then when Troy was by the Greeks o'cr-
thrown.
The bear oppos'd to bright Orion (hone. Creech.

Bear-bind. n.f. Afpecies of bindweed.
jBEAR-PLy. n.f. [from bear and^.] An
infca.

Ther^ be of flies, caterpillars, canker-flies, and
biarfus. Baan's Nalural H'tJI'-ry-

Bear-garden, n.f. [from bear znAgar-

e/en.]
(. A place in which bears are kept for

fport.

Hurrying me from thepIay-houfc,and the fcenes
there, to the bear-garjen, to the apes, and alTes,
and tygers. StUlirgjleit .

t. Any place of tumult or mifrule.

I could not forbear going to a place of renow.j
for the gallantry of Britons, namely to the tear-
garden, Sj^^^atcr.

Bear-garden. a:fj. A word ufed in fa-
miliar or low phraic for rui/e or turbulent ;
as, a beer -garden fdloiu ; that is, a man
rude enough to be a proper frequentel" of
the bear-garden. Bear garden fport, is
ufed for grofs inelegant entertainment.

Bear's-breech. n.f. [acanthus. "^ The
name of a plant.

The fpfcies arc, i. The fmooth-leaved garden
iear's-brce>b. 2. The prickly i«jr'j-ir«rA. 3. The
xn\ii\c tcar's-breeeb, with Ihort.l'pincs, iff. The
firft is ufed in medicine, and is fuppofcd to be the
mollis aeantbus of Virgil. The leaves of this plant
are cut upon the capitals of the Corinthian pillars,
and were formerty in great eftcem with the Ro-
mans. Mdlir.

Bear's -EAR, or Auricula, [auricula urfi,

Lat.] The name of a plant.
Bear's -EAR. or Saniclc. [cortufa, Lat.]

A plant.
J}e AR's-f OOT. n.f. A fpecies of hellebore.
jBtAR's-woRT. n.f, A a herb.

B E A

BE.'^RD. H.f, [beapb, Saxon.] t

1. The hair that grows on the llpi and
chin.

Eie on thy chin the fpilrrging beard began
Tn fpread a d'^ubtful down, and promile m.in. Pri'r,

2. Beard is ufed for the face ; as, to do any
thing to a man's beard, is to do it in de-
fiance, or to his face.

Rail'd at th'lr covenant, and jeerM
Their rev'rcnd pcrfons to my beard, Hudihrau

3. Beqrd is ufed to matk age or virility ;
as, he has a long beard, means he is old.

This ancient ruffian. Sir, wbofe life I have
fparcd at fuit of his grey beard. Sbakeffeare,

Some thin remains of chaftity appear'd
Ev'n under Jove, but Jove without a ^ctfr*^. Dryd,

Would it not be infufferabic for a profelTor to
have his. autliority, of forty years ftaiiding, cm-
firmed by general tradition and a reverend beard,
overturned by in upftart novelift ? Lsike.

4. Sharp prickles growing upon the ears
of corn.

The ploughman loft bis fweat, and the green
corn
Hath rotted ere its youth attain'd a beard' Shakefp.
A certain farmer complained, that the beards
of his coin cut the reapers and thrclhers fingers.

L'EJiran^e.

5. A barb on an arrow.

6. The beard or chuck of a horfe, is that
part which bears the curb of the bridle.

Farrier's Did.
To Beard, v. a. [from beard.'\

1 , To take or pluck by the beard, in con-
tempt or anger.

No man fo potent breathes upon the ground.
But I will htard him, Shakeffrare.

2. To oppofe to the face ; to fet at open
defiance.

He, whenfocver he ffiould fwerve from duty,
may be able to beard him. Spenjer.

I have been bearded by boys. More.

The defign of utterly extipating monarchy and
epifcopacy, the prefbyterians alone begun, conti-
nued, and would have ended, if they had not been
bearded by that new party, with whom they could
not agree about dividing the fpoil. Swift.

Be'arded. adj. [from beard."]

1 . Having a bearil.

Think every bearded fellow, that's but yok'd,
M;iy draw with you, Shakefpture.

Old prophecies foretel our fall at hand.
When ieatded meti in fl,)a;ing cafilesland. Dryden.

2. Having fharp prickles, as corn.

As when a field
Of Ceres, ripe for hirveft, waving bends
Her bearded grove of ears, which way the wind
Sways them. Millen.

The fierce virago ^
Flewo'erthe field, nor hurt the beardedpMn, Dryd.

3. Barbed or jagged.

Thci; Ihouid'u have pull'd the fecret from my
breaft.
Torn out tne beardiJiift] to give me rtli. Dryden.
Be'ardi. ESS. adj. [from beard.}

1. Without a beard.

There arc fome coins of Cunobelin, king of
Eflex and Middlefcx, with a beard.'ejt image, in-
fcribed Cundelin, Camden.

2. Youthful.

And, as young ftriplings whip the top for fport
On the ftnooth pavement of an empty court,
The wooden engine flies and whirls about,
AJmir'd with clamours of the^ftfri//r/i rout. Dryd.
Bt'ARER. n.f. [from To bear.]
I, A carrier of any thing, who conveys
any thing from one place or perfon to
another.

He (hould the bearers put to fudaco death.
Net Jhrivirj time lilow'd, Shakefprare.

B E.A:

Forgive the bearer of unhappy aevrt ;
Your alter'd father openly purfuet
Vour ruin. DryJen,

No gentleman fendi a fervarit with a meifage,
without endeavouring to put it into tenns brought
down to the capacity of the hearer, Svjtfi,

2. One employed in carrying burthens.

And he tct ihrcefcorc and ten tnoufand of them
to be bearers of burdens, z Cbronieles,

3. One who wears any thing.

O niajcfty !
When thou doft pinch thy bearer, thou doft fie
Like a rich armour worn in heat of day.
That fcalds with fafety. Shaktfpeere,

4. One who carries the body to the grave.

J. A tree that yields its produce.

This way of procuring autumnal rofcs, in fome
that arc good bearirs, will fucceed, Boyle.

Reprune apricots, faving the young fljoots ; for
the raw bearers commonly perilh. Evelyn,

6. [In architefture.] A poft or brick wall
raifed up betv%'een the ends of a piece of
timber, 10 (horten its bearing ; or to
prevent its bearing with the whole
weight at the ends only.

7. [In heraldry.] A fupporter.
Be'arherd. n.f. [from bear and herd,

as Jhepherd from fieep.] A man that
tends bears.

He that is more than a youth, is not for me ;

and he that is lefs than a man, 1 am not for him ;

therefore I will even take fixpence in earneft of the

bearberd, and lead his apes into hell. Shakcjpcare,

Be'aring. n.f. [from bear.]

1. The fite or place of any thing with re-
fpeft to fomething elfe.

Bur of this frame, the bearing and the ties.
The ftrong connexions, nice dependencies.
Gradations juft, has thy pervading foul
Louk'd through i or can a part contain the whole *

Pope,

2. Gefture ; mien ; behaviour.

That is Claudio j i know him by his bearingm

Shakffpcare,

3. [In architefture.] Bearing of a piece of
timber, with carpenters, is the fpace
either between the two fixt extremes
thereof, or between one extreme and a
poft or wall, trimmed up between the
ends, to Ih^rten its bearing. Build. D.d.

Be'arward. n.f. [from ^fflr and luflrij',]
A keeper of bears.

We'll bait thy bears to death.
And manacle the ifurwcrrf in their chains. Sbah.

The bear is led after one manner, the multituJe-
after another j the beamvard leads but one brute,
and the mountebank leads a thoufand. L^EJirange.

BEAST, n.f. [befte, Fr. beftia, Lat.]

1. An animal, dilHnguilhed from bird.*,
infcfts, fiflies, and man.

The man that once did fell the lion's flcin
While the beafi liv'd, was kill'd with hunting him.

Shakejpeare.

Beafis of chafe are the buck, the doe, the fox,
the miiric n, and the roe. BeaJIs of the forcft are
the bait, the hind, the hare, the boar, and the
wolf. 5r,i^r of warren arc the hare and cony. C^ve,'.

2. An irrational animal, oppofed to man ;
as, man and bea^,

I dare do all that may become a man ;

Who d.irfs do more, is none.

Wi.T- Icrjl was 't then
That made you break this enterpriie to me »

Shahripfare' s Maeieth,
Medea's charms were there, Cjrcean feaftj.
With bowls that turn'd cnamour'd youths to beafMi,

X)rydew,

3. A

B E A

J . A brutal favage man ; a man afling in
any manner unworthy of a reafonable
creature.

?« Beast, v. a. A term at cards.

Be'astin'gs. See Bsestincs.

Be'astliness. n.f. [from ieajily.'] Bru-
tality ; praftice of any kind contrary to
the rules of humanity.

They held this land, and with their filthincfs
Pjlluced this fame g^tle foil long time ;
That their own mother loath'd their heaftlirrfs,
Aad 'gan abhor her btcoj's unkindly crime.

Fairy Sluieit.
Se'astly. a.{j. [from beaj}.'\
I . Brutal ; contrary to the nature and dig-
nity of man. It is ufed commonly as
a term of reproach.

Wonljil thou have thyfelf fall in the confufion
of men, or nmaia a bealt with bealls ?— Ay — a
bmfily ambition, Sbahflxare.

You tcajliy knave, know you no reverence ?

Slakeffitare^i JClng Lear,
W.th lewd, prophanr, anil bc-.jily pbrafc,
Tocauh the wo.ld'i loofc lau^b.:er, or vuin gaze.

Ban Jonf'^n,
It is charged upon the gentlemen of the army,
Ihjt the hajily vice of drinking to cxcefs hath been
lately, from their example, reftored among us.

Swift.
J. Having the nature or form of beafts.

ruifiiy tlivinit c;, and drnv*3 of gods. Prkr,

To BEAT. ■». a. prefer, teat; part. pafl'.

teat, or tiaicn. [battre, French.]
I, To .1r;J:e ; to knock ; to lay blows upon.
So tijht 1, not ai one that ieaicib the air.

I Cormtbhni.
He ra»'d with all the madnefi of dcfpair j
He roat'd, he beat his brea.1, h; tore his hair.

Dryder,

t. To punifb with Ilripes or blows.

They 'vc chofe a conful that will from them
t.ike
Their libeitias ; make th:m of no more voice
Thaa dogs, that are often hat for barki.ig. Sbah.
Midrefs ford, good heart, is beaten black and
b!u«, that you cannot fee a white fpot about her.

SiaUjpeare.

There is but one fault for which children fliould

be l;at:r. ; and that ii obftinacy or rebellion, iocli-,

3. To llrike an inJlruraent of raufick.

Bid them come forth and hear,
Or at their chamber do.:)r I'll beat tlie drum,
Till it cry, deep to death. Stah'Ipcare.

4. To break ; to broife ; to fpread ; to
comminute by blows.

The people gathered manna, and ground it in
mills, oxbijr it in a mortar, and baked it. Nurr.hrri,

They did beat the gold into thin plates, and cut
it into wires, to work it. Extdut.

They fave the laborioui work of beating of
hemp, by makir.g the axletree of the main wheel
t.f tlicircom mills longer tiian ordinary, and pUciug
f( tins in tliem, to ralfc Urge hammers like thcf^
ufcd for piper ar.d fulling mills, with which they
. ^c;.' moll of their hemp. Mcriimer.

Neftor furniflied the gold, and he btat it into
1-avcs, fu that he bid occaCon to ufe his anvil and
hammer. Erctme.

5. To flrike bufhes or ground, or make a
motion to roufe game.

Jc is ftrange how long fome men will lie in wait
tT fpeak, and how many other marters they will
tent over to come near it. . Bac-.ii.

When from the cave thou rifeil with the day
To teat the woods, and roufe the twuoding prey.

Priir.

Tr.jetI.er let us beat this ample field,
Trv \-rl-„: rhe open, what the covert yield. P'fie.

f>. 'I'o thrtlh ; to dtive the corn out of the
hulk.

She gluned in the fielJ, and teat out thit (he
had gleaned. Jiiilt.W. it.

Vol. I.

B E A

7. To fni.'c things by long and frequent
agitation.

By long beating the white of an egg with a lump
of alum, you may bring it into white curds. Bylt.

8. To batter with engines of war.

And he heat down the tower of Penuel, and
flew the men of the city. Judget, viii. 17.

9. To dafh as water, or brudi as wind.

Bejond this flood a frozen continent
Lies dark and wild ; beat with peipetual ftorrns
Of whirlwind and dire hail. Mii'tcx.

With tcmpefts beat, and to the winds a fcorn .

While winds and ftorms his lofty forehead beat,
The common fate of all that '5 high or gn-at.

Denbam,

As when a linn in the midnight hours.
Brat by rude blafts, and wet with wintry fiiow'rs,
Defccnds terrifick from the mountain's brow. Pofe.

10. To tread a path.

Wh;i: I this unexa^rpled talk eflay.
Pais aw.-'ul guUV, and beat my painful way,
C'lefti.il dove ! divine adillance bring. Blaeimere.

1 1 . To make a path by marking it with
tracks.

He that will know the truth of things, muft
lca\c the common and btatea track. Lxke.

12. To conquer ; to fubdue ; to vanquiih.
If Hercules and Lichas play at dice.

Which is the better man ? Tlic greater throw

May turn hy fortune fiom the weaker hand ;

So is Alcides beaten by his page. Shakrfpeare.

Vou fouls of gcefe,
That bear the ftiapes of men, how have you run
From Haves that apes would beat ! Sbakrjpeare.

Five times, Marcius,
1 have fought with thee, fo often haft thou brat
rr.c. Sba<efj>eare.

I have difcern'd the foe fccurely lie.
Too proud to fear a beaten enemy. Dryden,

'i'he common people of Lucca are firmly per-
fuaded, that one Lucquefe can beat five Floren-
tines. _ Mdifcn.

Pyrrhus, king of Epirus, joining his (liips to
thofc of the Syracufans, beat the Carthaginians at
fca. Arbutbrnt,

13. To harafs ; to over-labour.

It is no point of wifdom for a man to beat his
brains, and fpend h]> fpirics, about things im-
poflible. _ _ lUtewill.

And as in prifons mean rogues beat
Hemp, fot the fervice of the great ;
So Whackum beat hi.j dirty brains
T' advance his mailer's fame and gains. HviJibrat,

Why any one Ihould wallc h'S time, e^n^-beat his
head, about the Latin grammar, who does not in-
tend to be a critick. Lucke.

14. To lay, or prefs, as Handing corn by
hard weather.

Her own (haU blefs her;
Her fiws (hake like a fi-.ld nf becten corn,
And^ang their heads witii forrow. Sheikeffyeire.

15. To deprcls ; to crufh by repeated op-
pofition : ufualiy with the particle iic--.vn.

Albeit a pud m was prociaiin.:d, ti.uc!iing any
fpecih tending to treafon, yet could not the bolJ-
Dcfs be Lcdten ,/«in either with that fevMty, or
with this lenity be abjted. ll.ty.uard.

Our warriuurs propag:i;ing the Fi-ench language,
at the fame time they are beating dvwn their pcwer.

yiddij'-r..

Surh an unio^k'd-for ftcrm of ills falls on me,
It heati tliKvn all my ftn-ngth. Addif-.v.

16. To drive by violence : with a particle.
Twice have 1 fally'd, and was twics beat back.

Dryden.

He that proceeds upon other principles in hi^
inijuiry, dot.s at lea S poft himfelf in a party, wliich
he will not qnit till he he ber.ten int. Lickt.

He cannat bru it t;ir of his head, but that it
wj. a canlinal -.v'.vt picked his pocket. /Jddif'in.

Tltc younger part of mankind might be beat ojf'
froa'tlic belief of the maH importaat pointi even

B E A

of natural religion, by the impudent jerts of a
profane wit. fVatti,

17. To move with fluttering agitation..

Thrice have I beat the wing, and rid with night
About the world. Drydtn,

iS. To beat da-iun. To endeavour by treaty
to Icffen the price demanded.

Surveys rich moveables with curious eye,
3eati denvn the price, and threatens ftill to buy.

Dryden.

She perfuaded him to trufl the rcnegadj with

the money he had brought over for their ranfom ;

as not qvieftioning but he would beat dvwn the

terms of it. Addifon*

19. To beat dtnun. To fink or IciTen the

value.

Ufury^M/r diyivr. tlie price nf lanJ ; fnth? em-
ployment of money is chict'.y either merchandizing
or purchafing ; and ufury waylays buth. Bacon.

20. To beat up. To attack fuddenly ; to
alarm. "'

They lay in thatquict polture, vvithoutoiakinj^
the Icall imprefiion up-^n the enemy by beating vp'
his quartern, which might eafily have been done. .

Clarendan.

Will fancies he Ihould never have been the man
he is, had not he knock'd down coniiables,' and
beat up a lewd woman's quarters, when he was a
young fellow. Aidifon.

2 1. To beat the hoof. To walk ; to go on

foot.
To Beat, f. ». ;

1. To move in a pulfatory manner.

I would gladly under.'lind the formation of a
foul, and fee ilbe.n the firft confcious pulfe. Collief.

2. To da(h as a flood or ftorm.

Public envy feemeth to beat chiefly upon nvnif-
ters. Bacr>n.

Your brow, which does no fear of thunder know.
Sees rowling tempefts vainly heat below. Dryien.

One fees many hollow I'paces worn in the l>ot-
toms of the rocks, as they are more or lefs able t#"
refill th.: imprcfiions of the water that beati againflv
them. Addifuit

3. To knock at a door.

The men of the city beTct the houfe round
about, and beat at the door, and fpake to tlic maftcr
of the houfe. ^udgtj.

4. To move with frequent repetitions of
the fame aft or ftroke.

No pulfc ihiW keep
His nat'ral progrefs, but furceafc to beat. Sbak.

My temp'rate pulfe djcs regularly beat y
Feel and be fatisfy'd. Dryden^

A man's heart bcatSt and the blood circulars,
which it is not i.i his power, by any thought or
volition, to ftop. Lucie,

;. To throb ; to be in agitation, as a fore
fwelling.

A turn or two I'll walk.
To Hill my bratiig mind. Sbakefpeare,^

6. To fluftuate j to be in agitation.

Tha tempcft in my mind
Doth from my fenfes take all fccling elfe.
Saving; what beats there, Shakefpeari.

7. To try different ways ; to fearch : with
about,

1 am always beating ah^ut in my tlioughts fi^r
liimctliing that may turn to the beneiit of my dear
countrymen. AMliJcn,

To find an honsft man, I bttit abmt.
And ]qya him, court him, praife him, in or njit.

8. To aft upon with violence.

The fun beat upon the head of Jonah, that he
fainted, and wiihed in himfclf to die. Jonat,

9. To fpeak frequently ; to repeat ; to
enforce by repetition : with upon.

V/e arc drav.'n on into 3 larger fpetth, by reafin

of their fo great carncllncis, who Leat more and

more a/'cn theft lift alleged words. Hacker,

V Mow

B E A

How fitqiKMly tnd fcrrtDtljf doth tlit ft riptiit'
itot ufft this caulc S Ilukrtt'i.'i-

10. To Ifot uf ; as, to beat up for foldiers.
'I'hc word up feenis redundanf, but en-
forces the fcnfe ; the technical term be-
ing, to raife foldiers.

Beat. part, pajpiie. [from the verb.]

Like a rich veliiil ifjf by liorms to fliorc,
'Twere midneft fliould 1 venture out once more.

Drjdin.

Beat. ». / [from the verb.]

1. Stroke.

2. Manner of ftriking.

Albeit the bale and ticHeftrings of a viol be
twnci to an unifon, yet the tormer will ftill make
a bigger luund than the latter, ai making a
broader best upon the air. Grew.

He, with a carelefs htat.
Struck out the mute crca:ion at a he.it. Drydtr..

jv Manner of being Ilruck ; as, the btat

of the pulfe, or a drum.
Be'aten. part. adj. [from To beal.l
What makes you. Sir, fo late abroad

Without a guide, and this no haun road ? Diyd.
Be'ater. n.f. [from beat.']

1. An inftrument with which any thing is
comminuted or mingled.

Beat all your mortar with a heater three or four
times over, before you ufe it j for thereby you in-
corporate die fand and lime well together. Atoxcn.

2. A perfon much given to blows.

The b«ft fchoolmafter of our time was the
greatcft buter. Aj'cbam's Scboolmcifitr.

Beati'pical. \adj. [beatifcus, low Lat.
Beati'fick. ) from beatus, happy.]
That which has the power of making
happy, or completing fruition ; blifsful.
It is afed only of heavenly fruition af-
ter death.
Admiring the riches of heaven's pavement
■ Than aught divine or holy elfe, enjoy'd
In vifion btatlfick. MUlon.

It is alfo their felicity to have no faith ; for en-
joying the beatifical vifion in the fruition of the
objcA of faith, they have received the full eva-
cuation of it. Brotvn'i Vulgar Errcurs.
We may contemplate upon die greatncfs and
flrangenefs of the beetifick vifion ; how a created
eye flionld be fo forti6ed, as to bear all thofe
glories that ftream from the fountain of uncreated
light. Scuih.
BEATi'riCAtLT. ad-v. [from beati_fical.]
In fuch a manner as to complete hap-
pinefs.

Btalifi^allf to bthoM the face of God, in the
fulnefs of wifdom, righteoufncfi, and peace, is
Ueffednefs no way incident unto the creatures
beneath man. Hataui/I.

Beatifica'tion. n./. [From beatifici.]
A term in the Romifh church, diftin-
guiflied from canonization. Beatification
u aa acknowledgment made by the
pope, that the perfon beatified is in
heaven, and therefore may be reve-
renced as blefled ; but is not a concef-
fion of the honours due to faints, which
are conferred by canonization.
To BEA'TIFY. "j. a. [beatifico. Lat.]
I. Tq make happy; to blefs with the
completion of ce'jftial enjoyment.

The ufe of Iplritual conference is unimaginable
and unfpcakabie, efpecially if free and unreft, alli-
ed, bearing an image of that converfation which is
among angels ami beatified faints. Hiimn:ciiJ.

We (hall know him to be the fulled good, the
neareft to us, and the moft certain ; and, confe-
qurntly, the moft beatifyr.g of all others. Brown.

I wiJi 1 hid the wings of an angel, to have

B E A

afcenJed into Paradif<-, and to have beheU the
forms of thofe b<eiifieil(f\tHi, from which I might
have copit'd my archangel. Dryden.

z. To fettle the charafter of any perfon,
by a publick acknowledgment that he
ii received in heaven, though he is not
invelied with the dignity of a faint.

Over againft this church ftunds an hofpital,
ertflcd by a (hocmakcr, who has been btatijiid,
though never fainted. j^ddijait.

Be'ating. n.f. [from beat."] Correftion;
punifhment by blows.

Pliywiight, convift of publick wrongs to men,
Takes private tettirgi, an! brgins again. Bin JcnJ.
Bea'titude n.f. [heat it udo, Lai.]

1. BIcfTednefsj felicity; happinefs: com-
monly ufed of the joys of heaven.

The end of that government, and of all men's
aims, is agreed to be beatitude, that is, his being
completely well. Dig/^y,

This is the image and little repttfcntation of
heaven j it is beatitude in piflure. Taylor.

He fet out the felicity of his heaven, by the
delights of fenfe ; (lightly paffing over the accom-
plilhmcnt of tlic foul, and the beatitude of that part
which earth and vifibilities too weakly aftV-il.

SrowTi^s Vulgar Errcurs.

2. A declaration of bleflednefs made by
our Saviour to particular virtues.

Beau. »./ [beau. Fr. It is founded like
bo, and has often the French plural
beaux, founded as boes.] A man of drefs ;
a man whofe great care is to deck his
perfon.
What will not beaux attempt to pleafe the fair ?

Dryderj,
The water nymphs are too unkind
To Vill'roy ; are the land nymphs fo ?

And fly they all, at once combin'd
^o (hame a general, and a beau f Prior.

You will become the delight of nine ladies in
ten, and the envy of ninety-nine beaux in a hun-
dred. Sw'^i.
Bb'aver. n.f. [bie-vre, French ; fiber.]

1 . An animal, otherwife named the cafior,
amphibious, and remarkable for his art
in building his habitation ; of which
many wontwrful accounts are delivered
by travellers. His fkin is very valuable
on account of the fur.

The heevcr being hunted, biteth oflT his ftones,
knowing that for them only his life is fought.

HakeiviU.

They placed this invention upon the beaver, for
the fagacity and wifdom of that animal ; indeeJ
from its artifice in building. Brown'i V-.lg.Err.

2. A hat of the bell kind, fo called from
being made of the fur of beaver.

You fee a fmart rhetorician turning his hat,
moulding it into diftcicnt cocks, examininj tlic
lining and the button during his harangue ! a deaf
man would think he was cheapening a bra'.'er,
when he is talking of the fate of a nation. Addijin.

The broker here his fpacious beaver wears,
Upon his brow fit jcaloufrs and cares. Gay.

3. The part of a helmet that covers the
face, [bai/iere, Fr.]

His drc.iJf'uI hideous head,
Clofe couched on the braver, feem'd to throw
From flaming mouth bright fparkles fiery red.

Sptnfer.

Big Mars feems bankrupt in their beggar'd hoft.

And faintly through a rurty beaver pecfs. 5i><i*.

He was (lain upon a courfe at tilt, the fplinters

of the ft jft' going in at his biaver. Baan.

Be'avered. adj. [from bea'ver,] Covered*
with a beaver ; wearing a beaver.

His beaver'd brow a birchen garland bears.
Dropping with infants hlo»d, aod mothers tears.
" Pope.

B E A

Beatj'ish. /J4?. [from ieau.] Befitting 3

beau ; foppilh.
Beau'teous. fl<^'. [from beauty.] Fair;

elegant in form ; pleafing to the fight ;

beautiful. This word is chiefly poetical.

I can, Pctruchio, help thee to a w.fe.
With wealth enough, and young, ana teautKui.

ShakeJ^eare*
Alas ! not hoping to fubdue,
1 only to the flight afpir'd ;

To keep th? beavteoin fix in view.
Was all the glory I defi' d. Prior,

Be au'teousuy. adv. [from biauieout,]
In a beauteous manner ; in a m.anner
pleafing to the fight ; beautifully.

Look up3n pleaTures not upin tha fide that is
next the fun, or w!icre they look brauteoujly ; that
is, as they come towards you to be enjoyed. tayUr,

Beaxj'teousness. n.f. [from beauteous.]
The (late or quality of being beauteous ;
beauty.

From lefs virtue, and lefs btauteoufmf!.
The gentiles fiam'd them gods and goddefii;?.

Dome*.
Beau'tiful. adj. [from beauty andyi<//.]
Fair ; having the qualities that conftir
tute beauty.

He ftolc avtay and took by (Irong hand all the
beautiful women in his time. Raleigh,

The moft important part of painting, is to
know what is moft beautiful in nature, and moft
proper for that art ; that which is the moft beauti-
fil, is the moft noble fubjeQ : fo, in poetry, tra.
gedy is more beautiful than comedy, becaufe the
perions are greater whom the poet inftruQs, and
confequently the inftniOions of more benefit to
mankind. Drydeiu

Beautiful looks are rul'd by fickle minds.
And fummer feas are turn"d by fuddcn winds. Prior,

Beau'tifully. adv. [from beauti/uJ.'\
In a beautiful manner.

No longer (hall the boddice, aptly lac'i
From thy full bofom to thy (lender waift,
That air and harmony of (h.'.pe exprefs.
Fine by degrees, and beautifully lefs. Prior.

Beau'ti FULNESS. It./, [from beauti/ul."]
The quality of being beautiful ; beauty j
excellence of form.
To Beau'tif V. T. a. [from beauty.] To
adorn ; to embellifh; to deck ; to grace ;
to add beauty to.

Never was forrow more fweetly fet forth ; their
faces feeming rather to beautify their forrow, than
their forrow to cloud the beauty of their faces.

Haytuord,

Suflaceth not that we are brought to Rome,

To beautify thy triumphs snd return.

Captive to thee and to thy Ruman yoke ? Slak,

Thefe were not created to biautfy the earth

alone, but for the ufe of njan and beaft. Raleigh,

How all confpire to grice
Th' extended earth, and beautify her face.

Blaekmore,

There is charity and juftice ; and the one (crves

to heighten and beautify the i thcr. Aitcrbury.

To Beau'ti FY. ■». n. To grow beautiful j
to advance in beauty.

It murt be a prulpcc^ pleafing to God himfelf,
to fee his creation for ever beautifying in his eyesx
and drawing nearer to him by greater degrees of
refemblance. Addifon,

BEAU'TY. n.f. [ieaute, Fr.]
1. That aflemblage of graces, or propor-
tion of parts, which pleafes the eye.

Beauty cjnfifts of a certain compofition of co-
lour and figure, caufing delight in the beholder.

Locke,

Your beauty was the caufc of that efTeS,
Yotti beauty, chat did haunt me in my lleep.—

If

B E C

B E C

B E C

If I thought that, I telt thee, homicM«,
Thcfe nails fliould rend that beauty from my
checks. Sbakcfpeare,

Beauty is beil in a body that hath rather dignity
cf prefence than beauty of afpeft. The beautiful
prove accomplinicd, but not of great fpirit, and
ftudy for the moft part rather behaviour than
virtue* Baecv,

The bed part o( ieatty is that which a pi^ure
cannot exprefs. Bacon*

Of the beauty of the eye I (hall fay little, leaving
that li poe^ and orators : that it is a very pleafunt
Mul lovely objeft to bc'hold, if we confider the
figure, colours, fplcndour of it, is the Icaft I can
fay. R.!y.

He vicw'd their twining branches with delight,
And praisM the beauty of the plcafing fight. Pofe.

2. A particular grace, feature, or orna-
ment.

The ancient pieces are beautiful, becaufc they
tefemble the beauties of nature ; and nature will
ever be beautiful, which refembles thofe itauiin of
anti<iuity. Dry den.

Wherever you place a patch, you dcdroy a
beauty, ^Jeiifon,

J. Any thing more eminently excellent
than the reft of that with which it is
united.

This gave me an occjfion of looking backward
on fome beauties of my author in his former books.

Dry Jen.

With incredible pains have I endeavoured to
copy the feveral beauties of ttie ancient and m.idcrn
billoiians Arbuibr.u.

4. A beautiful perfon.

Remember that Pelican conquerour,
A youth, how all the beauties of the eaft
He (lightly view'd, and (lightly overpafs'd. Mihcn.

What can thy ends, malicious beauty, be ?
Can he, who kill'd thy brother, live for thee ?

Dry den.

To Beau'tv. tj. a. [from the noun.] To
adorn ; to beautify ; to embcllilh : not
in ufe.

The harlot's cheek, ^AHiririf with plad'ting art.
Is not more ugly to the thing that helps it.
Than is my deed to your moft painted word. Sbak.

BiiAn'TY-spoT. n. /. [from beauty and
/fot.'\ A fpot placed to direft the eye
to fomething elfe, or to heighten fome
beauty ; a foil ; a patch.

The tilthinefs of fwine makes them the beauty-

fpot of the animal creation. Gre^'.

Becafi'co. »./. {becafigo. Span.] A bird

like a nightingale, feeding on figs and

grapes ; a fig-pecker. Pineda.

The robin-redbrea(J, till of late, had re(t.
And children facrcd held a martin's neft ;
Till beeaficcs fold fo dev'lilh dear,
To one that was, or would have been, a'p«er. Pope.

TaBeca'lm. -v. a. [from «/«.]
t . To ftill the elements.

The moon Ihjne clear on the becalmed flood.

Dryden,

2. To keep a (hip from motion.

A man becalmed at fca, out of fight of land, in
a fair day, may look on the fun, or fca, or (hip,
a whole hour, and perceive no motion. Locie,

3. To quiet the mind.

Soft whifp'ring air", and the lark's mattin fong,
Then woo to mul'^g, and bccalni the mind
Ferplcx'd with irklome thoughts. PbiUj>s.

Baniih his f^inows, and becalm his foul
With eafy dreams. Addijlr..

Perhaps proJpcrity beealm*d his breal^ j
Perhapc the wind jud Ihifted from the cart. Pcf!.

4. To becalm and 10 calm differ in this,
that to calm is to llop motion, and to be-
calm is to with-hold from motion,

Rec a'mi. The preterite oi betome; which
fee.

Beca'use. nnjunSl. [from /5y and cattfe.'\

1 . For this reafon that ; on this account
that ; for this caufe that. It makes the
firft part of an illative propofition, ei-
ther exprefsly or by implication, and is
anfwered by therefore ; as, / fed be-
caufe / ivai afraid \ which is the fame
with, becauje I was afraid, therefore I
fled.

H.iw great foevcr tlie (ins of any perfon are,
Chiift died for him, brcauje he died for all j and he
died for thofe (ins, becauje he died for all (ins:
only he muft reform. Uav.mcnd.

Men do not lb generally agree in the fenfe 'Af
thefe as of the other, becauje the interefts, nnd
lufts, and paflions of men are more concerned in
the one than the other. Tilhtlhn.

2. It has, in fome fort, the force of a pre-
pofition ; but, becaufe it is compounded
of a noun, has y after it.

Infancy demands aliment, fuch as lengthens
fibres without breaking, becauje of the ftate of ac-
cretion. Arbutbr.ot,
To Becha'nce. 'u. n. [from be and
chance.'\ To befal ; to happen to : a
word proper, but now in little ufe.
My fons, God knows what has bechanced them.

Sha^ejpeare-
All happinefs bechance to thee at Milan. Skak.

Be'c HICKS, n. f. [^iixixu, of |Sr|, a
cough.] Medicines proper for relieving
coughs. Did.

To BECK. -v. n. [beacn. Sax, bee, Fr.
head.] To make a fign with the head.

To BrcK. 'V. a. To call or guide, as by
a motion of the head.

Bell, book, and candle, (hall not drive me back,
When gold and filver bed me to come on. Shah.

Oh this falfe foul of Egypt, this gay charm,
Whofe eye beck'd forth my wars, and call'd them
home* Shakefp, Antony and Cleopatra.

Beck, n.f, [from the verb.]

1. A fign with the head ; a nod.

Haltc thee, nymph, and bring with thee
Quips, and cranks, and wanton wiles.
Nods, and beds, and wreathed fmiles* Art/ten,

2. A nod of command.

Neither the lufty kind (hewed any roughnefs,
nor the eafier any idlenefs; but ftill like a well-
obeyed madcr, whofe ieei is enough for difci-
pline. Sidney.

Then forthwith to him takes a chofen band
Of fpirits, likeft to bimfelf in guile.
To be at hand, and at his beck appear. Milton,

The menial fair, that round her wait,
At Helen's beck prepare the room of ftate. Pepe.

To Be'ckon. V, n. To make a fign with-
out words.

Alexander beckoned with the hand, and would
have made his defence unto the people.

ABs, xix. 33.
When he had raifed my thoughts by thoic
tranfporting airs, he beckoned to mc, and, by the
waving of his hand, dire^ed me to approach.

Addijim.
Sudden you mount, you beckon from the (kics ;
Clouds interpofc, waves roar, and winds arifc !

Pope.

To Be'ckon. <i/. a. [from beck, or beacn.
Sax. a fign.] To make a fign to.

With her two crooked hands (he figns did mak«,
And beckind him. Tairy St^ten,

It beckons you to go away with it,
A! if it fome impartmcnt did dcfire
To you atone. Shakejpeare,

With this his dil{.int friends he beckons ncjr,
Provokes their duty, and prevents their fear. Dryd,

To Becli'p. ev. a. [of be clyppan^ Sax.]
To embrace, Di3,

To Bbco'me. v,n, pret. I became ', comp.
pret. I have become, [from by and ceme.\

1 . To enter into fome ftate or condition,
by a change from fome other.

The Lord Cod breathed into his noftrils tht
breath of Ufe, and man became a living foul.

Gcnefis, ii. 7.

And unto the JewsIiccmKi a Jew, that 1 might
gain the Jews. i Corin, ix. 20.

A (mailer pear, grafted upon a (lock that bear-
eth a greater pear, will become great. Bacon,

My voice thou oft hail heard, and haft notfear'd.
But ftill rejoic'd ; how is it now become
So dreadful to thee ? Miliin.

So the lead faults, if mix'd with fairtft deed.
Of future ill become the fatal feed. Prior,

2. To become of. To be the fate of; to be
the end of; to be the fubfequent or final
condition of. It is obfervable, that this
word is never, or very feldom, ufed
but with ixihat, either indefinite or in-
terrogative.

IVhat is then become of (0 huge a multitude, as
would have overfpread a great part of the con-
tinent. Raleigi.

I'erplex'd with thoughts, lohat would become
0/"mc, and ail mankind. Milton.

The firft hints of the circulation of the blood
were taken from a common perfon's wondering
ti'hat became cf ail the blood that ifl'ued out of the
heart. Graunt.

fVhat will become of me then ? for, when he it
free, he will infallibly accufe me. Dryden,

li'hat became of this thoughtful bufy creature,
when removed from this world, has amazed the
vulgar, and puzzled the wife. Rogers,

3. In the following paflage, the phrafe,
inhere is he become? is ufed for, <ii.'hat it
become of him?

I cannot joy, until I be refolv'd
Where our right »aliant father is becemt. Shakeffm

To Beco'me. v. a. [from ^^ or by, and

cpemen. Sax. topleafe.]
I. Applied to perfons, to appear in a

manner Suitable to fomething.
If I become not a cart as well as another man,

a plague on my bringing up. Sbakeffeare,

Why would I be a queen ? becaufc my face

Would wear the title with a better grace ;

If I became it not, yet it would be

Part of your duty then to flatter me. Drydem.

z. Applied to things, to be fuitable tio the
perfon ; to befit ; to be congruous to the
appearance, or charader, or circum-
ftances, in fuch a manner a» to add
grace ; to be graceful.

She to hij- fire made humble reverence,
And bowed low, that her right well bet -'me,
And added grace unto her excellence. Fairy S^in,
I would 1 had fomcHowers 0' tb' fpring that
might
Beetme your time of day; mi ysur*t, >nil yosr's.
That wear upon your rirgin kianches yet
Your maidenheads growing. ihahe/peare.

Yet be fad, good brothers ;
For, to (peak truth, it vciy well btccmts you. Sbat,

Your dj(honour
Mangle? ttuc judgment, and bereaves the ftate
Of that integrity which (hould btcmth. Shakefp.
Wicherly was of my Opinion, or rather 1 of his;
for it ttcimts me fu tu fp:ak of fo excellent a poot.

Dryden,

He utterly xcjefled the'ir fables concerning their

gods, as not ■becuming g«rd men, much lels thofe

wliich were wor(hlpped for gods. StUJtngfert,

Beco'mikg, fatticifi, eefj, [fironi bcfofpe.']
That which pleafes by an elegant pro-
priety ; graceful. It is fometlmes ufed
with the partkif le ^j but gencmlly
Y 2 with^

B E D

without any government of the follow-
ing words.

Of thee, kind boy, I alk no red uid white
To make up my delight,
No odd hecomw» graces.
Black eyes, or lituc kiiow not what, in fices.

Suckling-

Their difcoiirres are fuch « belong to their

age, thcit calling, and their breeding; Tuch as

are bianJug of them, and ^f them only. Drjdtn,

.Yet fcine iccmimr boldnrfs I may ulc }
I've vitll dclcrvM, nor will he row rclufc. Drydtn.
Make their pupils repeat the aftion, that they
ma*' correS what is conftriincd in it, till it be
. pcrtedled into an habitual aud btdmiing tafinefs.

Beco'minc. K.f. {(toM hecame.'] Orna-
ment. A word not now in ufe.

iir, Icr^ivc me.
Since my iucm'wgi kill me when they not
Eye well to you. Shakf/ftan,

Beco'mincly. a</i'. [from becoming.'] Af-
ter a becoming or proper manner.

B E co'm I N G N E ss. Tt. /. [from becomiHg.
See To Become.] "Decency; elegant
congruity ; propriety.

Nor is the majelty of the divine government
greater in its extent, than the htcjimr.gmji thereof
is in its manner and form. CrcKo.

BED. n.f. [bib. Sax]

1 . Something made to ileep on.

Lying not crefl, but hollow, which is in the

malting of the btd:, or with the legs gathered up,

which is in the pollutv of the body, is tlie more

wholefome. Bacin.

Rigour now is gone to hcd,

And Advice with fcrupulous head. Mthon.

Thofc huufes then were caves, or homely ftieds,

With twining oziers fcnc'd, and mofs their beds.

DryJm.

2. Lodging ; the convenience of a place
to fleep in.

On my knees I beg,
That you'll vouchiafc me raiment, bed, and food.

Sbakff^tiiri.

3. Marriage.

George, the elJeft fon of this fecond brd, was,
after the death of his father, by the fingular
care and afiedlion of his mother, well brought
up. CUrcodatJ'

4. Bank of earth raifed in a garden.

Herbs will be tenderer and fairer, if you take
thcra out of beds, when they are newly come up,
•nl remove them into pots, with better earth.

'' Beam.

5 . The channel of a river, or any hollow.

So high as heavM the tumid hills, fo low
Down funk a hollow bottom, broad, and deep.
Capacious b<d of waters. hfihcn.

I'he great magazine for all kinds of treafure
is fuppofed to be the bed of the Tiber. We may
be fare, when the Romans lay under the apprc-
henfions of feeing the*r city facked by a barbarnu?^
enemy, that they would cake care to bellow fuch
of their richca that way, as could bed bear the
water. Ad4:jon.

6. The place where any thing is generated,
. or rcpoftted.

See hoary Albula't infefted tide
O'er the warm h<d of fmoaking fulphur glide.

-/tddlfon.

J, .\ layer ; a ftratum ; a body fprcad
over another.

-• 1 fee no rcafon, but the furface of the lanJ
/hould be at regular ai that of the water, in the
firfl produAion of it; and the ftcata, or bedi with-
h», lie as even. Burner,

8. To bring to Bed. To deliver of a child.
It is often ufed with the panicle of; as,
i>4 was brought so bed of a daiigkur.

BED

Ten months wfter Florimcl happen*)] fo wed.
And WiTibronglr in a laudable manner fo/'i</. yiitr.

9. To mah thi Bed. To put the bed in
order after it has been uied.

I keep his houfe, and I wa/li, wring, brew,
bake, feour,drefs meat, and mait ibt beds, and do
all myfelf. Sbairffrare,

Bed c/ a Mortar, [with gunners.] A
folid piece of oak, hollowed in the mid-
dle, to receive the breech and half the
tiunnions. DiS.

Bed e/ a grsat Gun. That thick plank
which lies immediately under the piece,
being, as it were, the body of the car-
riage. D;V7.

To Bed. <v. a, [from the noun.]

1. To go to bed with.

They have married mc :
I'll to the Tiifcan wars, and never bed her. Slat.

2. To place in bed.

She was publickly contrafled, dated as a bride,
and folemnly bedded ; and, after ihe was laid,
Maximilian's ambafTador put his leg, ftript naked
tn tile knee, between the pfpoufal rtiects. Baccn.

3. To make partaker of the bed.

There was a doubt ripped up, whether Arthur
was bidded with liis lady. Bsar..

4. To fow, or plant in earth.

Lay the turf with the grafs fids downward, upon
which lay fome of your beft mould to /'crf your quick
in, and lay your quick upon it. M'-rurr.cr.

5. To lay in a place of reft, or fecarity.

Let coarfe bold hands, from (limy neft.
The bedded fi(h in banks outwreft. Dmia.

A fnake bedded himfelf under the threfliold of
a country-hcufe. L''EJirange.

6. To lay in order ; to ftratify.

And as the flesping foldicrs in th' alarm.
Your bedded hairs, like life in excrements,
Start up, and ftand on end. Stakfjfeare.

To Bed. 11. n. To cohabit.

If he be married, and h<d with his wife, and
afterwards reiapfe, he may pollibly fancy that Ihe
infcfted him. JVtf^man.

To Beda'bble. f. a. [from /iabble.] To
• wet; to befprlnkle. It is generally ap-
plied to perfons, in a fenfe including in-
convenience.

Never fo wear)', never fo in wne,
Bedi^bbled with the dew, an! torn with briars,
1 can no further crawl, no further go. Shakiffteare,
To Beda'ggle, <f. a. [from lie^ggk.] To
bemire ; to foil clothes, by letting them
raach the dirt in walking.
To Beda'sh. f. a. [from e/tT/h.] To be-
mire by throwing dirt ; tobcfpatter; to.
wet with throwing water.

When thy warlike father, like a child.
Told the fad ftory of my father's death.
That all the ftanders-by had wet their cheeks.
Like trees bedajr/d with rain. Shakefueare.

TcBeda'wb. -v.a. [fTOmdeznvi.l Todawb
over ; to befmear; to foil, with fpread-
ing any vifcous body over it.

A piteous corfe, a bloody piteous corfe.
Pale, pale as alhcc, all bedatob^d in blood.
All in gore blood. Shaieffenre.

7*0 B E d a'z z L E . <i/. a. [ from daxxJe. ] To
make the fight dim by too much luilre.

My miftaken eyes.
That have been fo litdtixxltd by the fun,
That every thing 1 look on fcemf'th green. Rhak.
B E*D CHAMBER. »./. [from bed and cham-
ber.] The chamber appropriated to reft.

They were brought to rfie king, abiding them

in his bedehamher, Hetynvard.

He was now ooe of the hldcbarnbtr to the prince.

('iSrcr.din.

BED

Be'dciothes. n.f. [hom bed axii clothes.
It has no Jingular.] Coverlets fprcad-
over a bed.

For ha will be fwine drunk, and in his flecp he
dues little harm, fave to his bedclahts about liim.

Shttkffpiate,

Bb'dder. )«./ [(rom bed.] The ne«
Bede'tter. 5 ther-rtone of an oil-miil.
Be'dding. n.f. l^itom bed.] T.he mate-
rials of a bed; a. bed.

There be no inns where meet Teddinr may bi
had ; fo that his mantle fctves him then tor a bed.

Sfiafa:

FIrft, with alTiiu'^us care from winter keep.
Well fother'd in thu flails, tliy tender flieep ;
Then fpread with ftraw the beddinf of ihy <iild„
With fern beneath, to ftnti the bitter cold. Dijd^

Arcitc return'd, and, as in honour tied.
His foe wi:h btddhgind with food fupply'd. Dryd,

7e Bede'ck. <v. a. [from deck.] To deck •,
to adorn ; to grace.

Thou (ham'll thy (hapc, thy love, thy wit.
And ufeft none ii: that tnie ufe indeed.
Which Ihould Lateci thy ftapc, tby: love, thy «•!»».

Sb'akejft are*
Firtialc it feems,
That fo beitck'd, ornate, and gjy.
Comes this way. Millmi^

With ornamental drops bedeck' d I flood.
And writ my vidlory with my enemy's blood. Norrls^

Now Ceres, in her prime.
Smiles fertile, and with ruddied freight bedecks.

PkWf!.

Be'dehouse. ft. /. [from bebe. Sax., a
prayer, and beu/e.] An hofpital or alms-
houfe, where the poor people prayed for
their founders and benefadors.

Bedl'tter. See Beoder.

To Bede'w. 17. a. [from i/ezu.] To mois-
ten gently, as with the fall of dew.

£cdiw her ps.lure's giafs wiili En^i!h btoott.

Shatejftare*-

Let all the tears, that (hould bedem my lieifc.
Be drops of balm to fantfl'fy thy head. ShaBefp*.

The countcf.. received a letter from h'm, where-
unto all the while (he was writing her anfwcr, flic
bcdiived the paper v^ith her teai*s. JVcttin.

What fiendcr youtli, Ledcw^dviUh liquid odours^.
Courts tliBC on rofc , in .'bme j leafant cavjL.' Afi/r.

Balm, from afitver box diflill'd around.
Shall all bedetu the roots, and fcent the facrcii
ground. Dryden,

He ihid : aud falling teats his face tedevc, DryeL

Be'd FELLOW, n.f. [from bed ^nAfeUovj.']
One that lies in the fame bed.

He loves your people.
But tie him not to be their bedftllovi. Stake/f^

Mifery acquaints a man withftrange bcdfti/cirs,.

Sbtiktjffarc*

Why doth the crown lie there upon his pillow;
Being ftr troublcfomc a bedfelUtv f Sbake/peare*

A man wauld as foon choofe him for his bed'
fclhm a> his play fellow. L'EJiran^e.

What charming bedf^l!vioi,^Tii companions for
life, men cho<^fe out of fuch women ! yfddt/cjf.

To Bedi'ght. t/. <r. [from dighi.] To.
adorn ; to drefs ; to fet off : an old
word, now only ufed in humorous wri>
ings.

A maiden fme heiliglt he Jiapt to love j
The maiden fine btdight his love letairs.
And for the village he ftfakes the plains. C7.rj.
To Be di'm. 1'. a. [{rom dim.] To make
dim ; to obfcure ; to cloud ; to darken.

I have bedlmm'd
The norntidc fun, cali'd forth the mutinous windt,
And 'twixt the green lea and the azure vault
Set roaring war. Shakej'fvare.

To Bedi'zen. o". a. [from dizia.] To
drefs out : a low word.

BE'DLAM.

BED

BE'DLAM. n.f. [corrupted from Betlh-
Lcm, ths name of a religious houfe in
London, converted afcenvards into an
hofpital for the mad and Juiiacick.]

1. A niadhoufe ; a place appointed for
the cure of lunaci.

2. A madman ; a lunatick, and inhabitant
of Bedlam.

L?t 's follow the o!d car!, and get the hedlnvi
To Jead him wheje he w-juld j his roguifli madnefs
Al'tiwi itfelf to anything. Sbakejj>tare.

Be'dlam. fl«)' [frora the noun.] Belong-
ing to a madhoufe ; fit for a madhoufe.

The count.)* gives mc procf and precedent
Of heJhm beggar?, who w':h rearing voices
Strike in their numb'd and mortif^'M bir« arms
Pins, wooden pricks. Shjh.f^cr-.

B£'i>L AMITE, n. f. [from bedlam.^ An
inhabitant of Bedlam ; a madman.

If wild ambition in thy bofoni reign,
Aias ! thou bo»fl'ft thy f jbcr fcnfe in vain ;
In thefe poor bidlam'iUs thyfelf lurvcy,
Thyfelf leH innoccnrly mnd tiian they. Fjm:^rralH<
Be'd'Jaker. ». /. [ftom hd zn^ n:ake.'\
A perfcn in the univerfiues, wliofc office
it is to make the beds, and clean the
chambers.

I was deeply in love with my ttjauker, upon

which I was rufiicatcd for ever. Spt.Q/Jtcr,

Be'dmate. »./. [from ^c.y and .wa/f.] A

bedfeilow ; one that partakes of the

fame bed.

r.iJ I To good occaGon to lie long
A ' ■■. prince Pa:i», noui^hl but heavenly bufinefs
S''.'..-!u rub my bcdmats Qi my comt^apy. Shairfp,

Be'dmouldinc. ?»•./• [from/c(/

Bt'DDIKG MOULDING. 5 and «!>.■(/(/.] A

term ufed by workmen, to fignify tliofe
members in the cornice, which are plac-
ed below the coronet. Builder's DiJi.
Ee'di-ost. n.f. [frora ted znA poft.'\ 'the
poll at the corner of the bed, which
fupports the canopy

1 came the nejt day prepared, and placed her in

a clear ii^Hi, her head leaning ti a /W/'>^, ai:other

ftanding behind, holding it llca-iy. Jf^f.-ran'i .'^ujg.

Be'dpresser. n.f. [from ied and/nyi.]

A heavy lazy fellow.

This finjuinecowjrd, this ie/J^ir^^r, thii horfc-
back breaker, this huge hill of ftelh. Sbairjfiare.

To B E D R a'c o L E . -v. a. [ from i^t' and drag-
gle,^ To foil the clothes, by fitffering
them, in walking, to reach the dirt.

Poor Patty CK-unr, nn more be iczn
Beiiraggled in my walks fo green. Suift.

y'c BEBRE'NCH.i'.ff, [frora he a.n^ drench. '\
To drench ; to foak j to faturate with
moiilure, t

Par olV from the mloJ of Bolir.jfr' ke
It i:,.fucli crimf'jn temped inouM tsdier.sh
lti« frcih green lap of fair king Richard's land.

Sbakffpeare.

Be'drid. flr^'. [from ^ir</ and nVir.] Con-
fined to the bed by age or ficknefs.

Kor\vay, uncle of young i'ortiubrji,
▼-'ho, impotent ar.d i/alrid, fc.ucely hears
O: this hit nephew's purpofe. ihakifycarr.

Via he not bcJriJt an;!, 3i;ain, d es iwi.iinji.
But what be did being chiidilii > Sbuhjfta.e,

K:^w, as a myriad

-■■ o I , - . ■' .i:ipS. DoKlte,

Hanging •)id ir.rn, w:.o were i;rfr;</,bccaufe tliry
would noloifcoverwherc their money v«i5. Ctartti'u

Infirm r^rf>n«, when they come to be fo * -ak
M to be fixed to their beds, hold out many years ;
force have lain ieiri<< twenty •. cars, f.m.

8.

BEE

Be'i>R!Te. fi.f. [from Wand n/if.] The
privilege of the marriage bed.

VVhcfe vrv.s are, tii3C no ieclr]U ^liail fcepa'd
Till Hymen's torch b"^ lig'.ired. Shakejpsare.

ToBedro'p. nj.a. [from be unddrcp.] To
be][prinkle j to mark with fpots or drops ;
to fpeckle.

Nut fo thick fwarm'd once the foil
Btdroji'd with binod of Gorgon. Milieu.

Our plenteous llreams a varicus race fupply :
The Jilvcr eel, in Alining \olumes roll'd j
The yeilow carp, in fcales i.:.';',y>'<: with gold. Pipe.

B e'd 3 T A F F. It./, [bed zndjfjff'. ] A wooden
pin ftuck anciently on the fides of the
bedftead, to hold the clothes from flip-
ping on'eithsr fide,
liultefi, accommodate us with a hedJJuJT.

Btfi "j'jrtJ'.rCi Eviry i?/-/7 in hh Humcur.

Be'dstead. It. /. [fro-m bed d.r\6 J}ead.'\
The frame on which the bed is placed,

Chimnies with fcorn rcjefling fmoke ;
Stools, tables, chairs, and hci'Jiiads broke. Swift.

Be'dstraw. n.f. [from bed'a.ndjiraiu.'\
The draw laid under a bed to make it
foft.

Fleas breed principally of ftraw or mars, where
there hath been a little moiilure ; or the chamber
ot hedjlrflio kept clofe, and not air;:d. llaan.

Bedswe'rver. n. f [from bed and
Jhverve.] One that is falfe to the bed ;
one that ranges or fwcrves from one bed
to another.

She 's a ieJfwervery even as bad as thofe
That vulgar! give the boldeil titles to. Skiik,f(cjyt.

Be'dtime. »-/; [from ^^i< and //«(•.] The
hoarofrell; fleeping-time.

Whit mufKf, what dances ihall we have.
To wejr away this long age of three hour:>,
Bet«n:en our afttr-fupper and btJiimef ■Shatifp
A ftcr evening repails, tili bedtime, their thoughts
will be beft taken up in the eafy grounda of reli-
gion. l\ii!tcn.

The fc-yuring drunkard, if he does not fight
B'foK his bs'.iimc, takes no reft tiiac night. Dryd.

To Bedu'ng. a>. a. [from be and dung.']
To cover, cr manure with dung.

To Bedu'st. -v. a. [from be and aW/?.]
To fpiinkle with duft.

Bb'dward. adv. [from bed and luard.'l
Toward bed.

In heart
As iriv'rry as when our nuptial day v.is done,
And tapers burnt to iedtvard. Sltifejpeare.

To Eedwa'rf. v. a. [from ^*and dnvarf.'\
To make little ; to hinder in growth ;
to ft ant.

*T:s /hrinking, not clofr weaving, that Iiath thus

In mind and body both bid-.vjrfrd us. Dime.

Br/nwoRK. n.f. [from bed and tvori.]

Work done in bed ; work performed

without toil of the hands.

'X be Dill and mental parts,
Thi^ da contrive how many handi (hall ftrlke,
VViiei fiiLiefs call them on, and know, by meafure
O:" their obfervaiiC toll, the enemy's wtight :
Why this hath not a finger's dignity.
They call this bcdtoork, rr.s-sp'ry, dofctwar. Siak.

BEE. n.f. [beo, Saxon.]

I. The animal that makes honey, remark-
able for its induHry and art.

So work the hcncy ire<;t.
Creatures that» by a ruling nature, teach
The art ct'^order to a peopled kingdom. Sbakejp.

From the Moor'rtj camp

There has been heard a diAant humming nolfe,

tijce^eei diflurf)'t;, andarmiiigin theirhivcs. Dryd.

, 'A company of poor infedts, whereof f>r>ie ure

■ ten, delighted witli Bowers, and their fwectncfs';

! others beetles', delighted witt> other Tiimds, Lveke,

BEE

2. An induftriousandcarehilperfon, Thw
fignification is only ufed in familar lan-
guage.

BiiK-EATE It. n.f. [from ^^i? and fai.] A
bird that feeds upon bees.

Bee-flower. n.f. [from ^f^ and ^iiw^-.]
A fpecies of fool-ftones. Miller.

Bee-garden, n.f. [from i^^^and^ara'TO.]
A place to fet hives cf bees in,

A convenient and necetlary plaee ought to be
made choice of for your apiary, or bie-gardejt.

Mortimer,

Bee-kive. n.f. [from bee a.ndhi've.] The
cafe, or box, in which bees are kept.

Bee-master, n.f. [from bee Siud merjler.]
One that keeps bees.

They that a.e bei-tt.ejias, and have not car£
enough of them, muft not expca to reap any con-
fiderabie advantage by them. Mortimer,

BEECH. «. /" [bece, cr boc, Sa.xoa ;

There is but one fpecies of this tree at prefent
known, except two varieties, with ftriped leaves.
It will grow to a confiderable ftarure, though the
foil be floney and barren ; as alfo, up m the de-
clivities of mountains. The fhade of this tree ii
very injurious to plants, but is believed to be very
falubrious to hunxan bodies. The timber is of
great ufc to turners and joiners. The mall is very
good to fatten fwine and deer. Miller,

Black was the forcft, ti'.ick with bceb it ftood.

Drydcn.

Nor is that, fprightly wiFdnefs in their notes.
Which, clear and vigorous, warbks frora the beich.

TLcmfon.

Be'echen. etdj. [biiceni;, Saxr.] Confifr-
ing of the wood of the beech ; belong-
ing to the beedv.

With diligence he'll ferve us when we dine,
And in plain bttcbcn veffels fill our wine. Drydcn,

BEEF, n.f [birttf, French.]

1. The flefli cf black cattle prepared lor
food.

What fay ycu to- a piece of bef and muftard ?

Shakefpejre.

The fat of roafted beef falling on birds, will

bade them. Siv'ft,

2. An OX, bull, cr cow, confidered as fit
for footl. In this fenfe it has the plural
beeves ; the fingular is feldonx found.

A pound of man's flefli
Is not io eftlpiable or profitable.
As flifli of niuttons, i^M'cj, orgoats. Sbakcfpeare,.

Alcinous flew twelve fliecp, eight white-tooth'd
Avine,
Two crook-haunch'd Ineves, Cbapmati,

There was net any captain, but had credit for
more viCluals than we fpent there j and yet they
had of me fifty becvtt among them. Sir Walt. K.il,

On hides of becvis^ Vefore the palace gate.
Sad fpoiU of luxury 1 the ftiiturs fate. Pope.

Beef, adj. [from the fubflantive.] Con-
fiding of the flefli of black cattle.

If you a-e employed in marketing, db not accept
of a treat of a />r^"fteak, and a pot of ale, from
the butcher. Sivift,

Beef-eater, n. f [from beef ■\r\d. eat,
becaiife the commons is beef when on
waiting. Mr. Steevens derives it thus':
Bef -eater may come frora bcaufeticr, one- '
who attends at the fuleboard, which was
anciently placed in a beaufct. The bu-
fincfs of the be f -caters was, and perhaps,
is ftill, to attend the king at meals.]
A yeoman of the guard.

Beef-v/ittei). a.lj. [from A-.?/" and if;'/ . ]
Dull ; llupid ; heavy-headed.
Jiief willed ;urd» SL:/kefptare.

BEE

Bb'kmoi.. •./ This word I h»ve found
only in the example, and knov*' nothing
of the etymology, unlcf:. it be a corrup-
tion of iy moduli, from iy and modulus,
a note ; that is, a note out of the regu-
lar order.

There be lntcr»enient in the rife of eight, in
toaes, two ieemis, or half notes ; Co as, i! you di-
vide the tones r(jually, .he eight is but fcven whole
and equal notes. Biicon,

IrKK. [beon, Saxon.] The fartlcl/iU fre.
teriteofTe Be.

Enough that virtue fill'd the fpice between,
Prov*d by the ends of being to have irrts. Ps/^f,

Beer. >i. /. [iir, Welfli.] Liquor made
of malt and hops. It is diftiiiguifticd
from ale, either by being older or fmall-
er.

Here 's a pot of good double iter, neighbour ;
'drink. Shakcj'ftare.

Try clarifying with almond* in new ken; Baccn.
Flow, Wiilfted ! flow, like thine infpiter, hcer ;
Tho' ftale, not ripe ; tlio' thin, yet never clear ;
So fwcetly mawkifli, and fo fmoothly dull ;
. Heady, not ftrong ; and foaming, tho' not full.

Pope.

Be'estincs. See Biestings,
Beet. «. /. [beta, Lat.] The name of a
plant.

The fpecies are, i. The common white bett.
a. The common green beet. 3. The common
xed beet. 4. The turnip-rooted red beet. 5. The
great red beet. 6. The yellow beet. y. The Swifs
or Chard beet. Miller.

BE'ETLE. »./. [byrel, Saxon.]

1 . An infeft diftinguifhed by having hard
cafes or iheaths, under which he folds
his wings.

They are as fliards, and he their beetle. Shakeff.
The poor beci/e, that we tread upon.
In corporal fuflf'rance finds a pang as great.
As when a giant dies. Sbakeffeare.

Others come ftiarp of fight, and too provident
for that which concerned their own intcreft; but
as blind as beetles in forcfceing this great and com-
mon danger. Kntlles's Hiflory ofthe Turku

A grot there was with hoary mofs o'ergrown,
The dafping ivies up the ruins creep,
And there the bat and drowfy beetle deep. Garth.

The butterflies and beetles arc fuch numerous
tribes, that 1 believe, in our own native country
alone, the fpecies of each kind may amount to on?
hundred and fifty, or more. Ray.

2. A heavy mallet, or wooden hammer,
with which wedges are driven, and
pavements rammed.

if 1 do, fillip mc with a three man beetle. Shak.

"When, by tlie help of wedges and btetles, an
image is cleft out of the trunk of feme well-grown
tree ; yet, after all tltc (kill of artificers to fet forth
fuch a divine block, it cannot one moment fecure
Ufelf from being eaten by worms, or defiled by
birds, or cut in pieces by axes. StiUingfieet.

To Be'etle, "v. n. [from the noun.] To
jut out ; to hang over.

What if it tempt you tow'rd the (iood, my lord ?
Or to the dreadful fummit of the clifi",
That beala o'er his bafe into the fea. Sbakiffeare.

Or. where th: hawk
High in the bntUng cliff his airy builds. Thmfm.
Beetlebro'wed. adj. [from beetle and
^ro-w.] Having prominent brows.

Enquire for the iwr/e-Z/roiuV critic, £fir. Swift.

"Beetlehe'aded. adj. [from beetle and
head. ] Loggerheaded ; wooden headed j
having a head ftupid, like the head of
a wooden beetle.
A wharcfon, beitltttadtd, flap-ear'd knave.

Sbakeffeare.

B E F

Be'etlsstock. «. /. [from iett le znd

^ock.] The handle of a beetle.

Be'etrave. 1 , . .,„,
_ , > n.f. A plant.

Be etradish. j

Beeves, w./. [The plural of beef.] Black

cattle ; oxen.

One way, a band feleft from forage drives
A herd of beevei, fair oxen, and fair kinc.
From a fat meadow ground. Miltan.

Others make good the paucity of their breed
with the length and duration of their days j where-
of there want not examples in animals uniparous,
firft, in bifulcous or cloven-lioofed, as camels j
and teems, whereof there is above a million an-
nually flain in England. Bntvn's Viitgiir Errcun.

Beeves, at his touch, at once to jelly turn,
And the huge boar is Ihrunk into an urn. Pofe.
7*0 Befa'll. t;. n. [from/all. It be/ell, it

bat/) befallen.']
u To happen to : ufed generally of ill.

Let me know
The word that may befall me in this cafe. Shak,

Other doubt poirellcs me, left harm
Befall thee, fcver'd from roc. Milton.

This venerable perfon, who probably heard our
Saviour's prophecy of the dcftruflion of Jerufa-
lem, drew his congregation out of thcle unparal-
leled calamities, which befell his countrymen.

Mdifin.

This difgrace has befallen them, not becaufe
they deferved it, but becaufe the people love new
faces. Addifm.

2. To happen to, as good or neutral.

Bion alked an envious man, that was very fad,
what harm had befallen unto him, or what good
had befallen unto another man ? Baeon.

No man can certainly concludt God's love or
hatred to any pcrfon, from what befalls him in
this world. Tilhtfan.

3. To happen ; to come to pafs.

But fincc th' affairs of men are ftill uncertain.
Let's reafon with the worft that may befall. Shak.

I have reveal'd
This difcord which befell, and was in heav'n
A mong th' angelick pow'rs. Milton.

4. It is ufed fometimes with to before the
perfon to whom any thing happens : this
is rare.

Some great mifchicf hath befallen
To that meek man. FaraJife Loft.

5. To befall of. To become of; to be the
ftate or condition of: a phrafe little ufed.

Do me the favour to dilate at full
What hath befall'n s/them, and thee, till now.

Sbakeffteare.

7'oBEFi'r. v. a. [from ^* and//.] To
fuit ; to be fuitable to ; to become.

Blind is his love, and bed brftt the dark. Shak.
Out of my fight, thou fcrpent ! — that name beft
Befits thee, witii him leaijucd ; thjfelf as falfe.

Faradijc Loft.
I will bring you wiiere (he fits.
Clad in fplcndour, as befts
Her deity. Miltcn.

Thou, what befits the new lord mayor.
Art anxioufiy Inquifitive to know. Dryden.

To Befo'ol. v. a. [from be and fool.] To
infatuate; to fool; to deprive of under-
ftanding ; to lead into errour.

Men ityoc/themlclvcs infinitely, when, by vent-
ing a few fighs, they will needs perfuadc thcm-
fclves that they have repented. South.

Jeroboam thought policy the beft piety, though
in nothing more htfo;led; the nature of fin being
not only to defile, but to infatuate. South.

Befo're. pref. [bipopan. Sax.]

1 . Farther onward in place.

Their common praiSice was to look no further
before them than the next line ; whence it will fol-
low that they can drive to no certain point. Dryd.

2. In the front of; not behind.

B E F

Who nuill,go
TSefare them, in a cloud and pillar Of fir«.
By day a cloud, by night a pillar of fire.
To guide tliern in their journey, and remove
Behind them, while the obdurate king purfues.

Milti».

3. In the prefence of: noting authority or
conquefl.

Great queen of gathering-clouds.
See we fall befive thee !
Hroftrate we ad»re thee ! Vryden.

The Alps and Pyreiiean fink before him. Mdif.

4. In the prefence of: noting refpeft.

We fee that blufhing, ar.J calling down of the
eyes, both are more when we come before many.

Batoa.

They reprefent our poet betwixt a farmer and •
courtier, when he drcft hirafelf in his beft baiit,
to appear before his patron. Dryden,

5. In fight of.

Bf-tt the eyes of both our armies here.
Let us not wrangle. Stakejjpeare,

6. Under the cognizance of : noting jurif-
didion.

If a fuit be begun before an archdeacon, thfl
ordinary may litenlc the fuit to an higher court.

7. In the power of: noting the right of
choice.

The world was all before them, where to chufe
Their place of reft, and Providence their guide.

MHrtn,

Give us this evening ; thou haft morn and night.
And all the year, before thee for delight. Dryden.

He hath put us in the hands of our own coun-
fcl. Life and death, profperity and dcftruCtion,
arc before us. Tiltotjen,

8. By the impulfe of fomething behind.

Her part, poor foul ! fceming as burdened
With leffcr weight, but not with lefler woe,
Was carried with more fpeed before the wind.

Shakcffeare.

Hurried by fate, he cries, and borne before
A furious wind, we leave the faithful fliorc. Dryd,

9. Preceding in time.

Particular advantages it has before all the books
which have appeared before it in this kind. Dryd,

10. In preference to.

We (hould not prefume to determine which
fliould be the fitted, till vtc fee he hath chofea
fome one ; which one we may then boldly fay to
be the fitted, becaufe he hath Uken it before the
reft. Hooker.

We think poverty to be infinitely defirable before
the torments of covetoufn -.fs. Taylor.

1 1 . Prior to ; nearer to any thing ; as,
the eldeft fon is before the younger in
fucceflion.

12. Superiour to ; as, he is before his com-
petitors both in right and power.

Befo're. adv.

1. Sooner than ; earlier in time.

Hcav'niy born.
Before the hills appear'd, or fountain flow'd,
Thou with eternal wifdom didd converfe. Milton,

Befirc two months their orb with light adorn,
If heav'n allow me life, I will return. Diyden.

2. In time part.

Such a plenteous crop they bore
Of pureft and well winiiow'd grain.
As Britain never knew before. Dryden,

3. In fome time lately paft.

I (hall rcfume fomewhat which hath been hefirt
faid, touching the qucftion beforegoing. llah,

4. Previoufly to ; in order to.

Before this elaborate treatifc can become of ufe
to my country, two points are ncceffary. Swifts

5. To this time ; hitherto.

The peaceful cities of th' Aufonian (horc,
Lull'd in her cafe, and undifturb'd before.
Arc aU on fire. Dryden.

6. Already

BEG

6. Already.

Yoo tell me, mother, what I Icnew Ir/ore,
The Phrygian fleet is landed on the ftore, V^frl.

7. Farther onward in place.

Thou 'rt fo far if/on,
The fwifteft wing of recompence is flow
To overtake thee. Stahffeare.

Befo'rehand. ad-v. [from befcre and
hand. ]

1. Ill a ftate of anticipation, or preoccu-
pation : ibmetimes with the particle
•with.

Quoth Hudibras, I am htforthani
In that already, •with your command. Budihrai.

Your fjul has been Ufa-chand tuith yonr body,
And drunk fo deep a draught of promij'd blifs,
She (lumbers o'er the cup. Dryjeti.

I ha»e not room for many rcfleflions ; the lad
cited author has been trjDrtbanJ iviti me, in i cs
proper moral. M<iifir,.

2. Previoufly ; by way of preparation, or
preliminary.

His profeflion is to deliver precepts leeeflary to
«lo<iuent fpeech ; yet fo, that th.y w ,ich receive
them, may be taught hrforcbamd the Hull of fpeak-
'"8- , Uxker.

When the lawyers brought extravagant bills.
Sir Roger ufed to bargain htforthatid, to cut off a
quarter of a yard in any part of the bill. Arbuthmt.

3. Antecedently; aforetimes.

It would be refilted by fuch as had htfvchand
refilled the general pro;fs of thegofpel. Atierhury.

4. In a ftate of accumulation, or foas that
more has been received than expended.

Stranger's houfe is at this time rich, and much
itfirihani; for it hath laid up revenue thefe
thirty-fevcn years. Bacm.

5. At firft ; before any thing is done.

What is a man's contending with infupcrable
difficulties, but the rolling of S.fyphus't ftone up
the hill, which is foon bifcrihaad to return upon
him again ? VEJirav^c.

B£ FORETIME, adv. [from before and
timeJl Formerly ; of old time,

Bffsrcthm in Ifrael, when a man went to enquire
of God, tbushe fpake. t Samud.

TflBEFo'RTUNE. -v.n. [from be AnA./or-
tune. To happen to ; to betide.

1 give confent to gn along with you ;
Recking as little whit betideth me.
As much I willj all gooti bifurtur., you, SMcff.

Vo Befo'ul. -v. a. [from be .ind/W.j To
make foul ; to foil ; to dirt.

TcBefriend. 'v.a. [from 6e and /nend.]
To favour ; to be kind to ; to counte-
nance ; to (hew friendlhip to ; to benefit.

Jf it will pleafeCjefar
To be h good to Cslar, as to hear me,
I fliall beleech him to h'fnind himfclf. Stahffr.

Now, if your pioU be ripe, you ue btfriendtd
With opportunity. Dcabam.

See them embarked,
And tell me if the winds and fcas bffriend them.
„ ^ Addkn.

Be thou the firft true merit to befriend ;
His praife is loft, who ftiys till all commend. Ptpt.
Brother-fervants mull befrund one anotiier.
_. ^ S-.uift.

TO Befri KGi.v.a. [from be s.nA fringe.]
To decorate, as with fringes.

When 1 flatter, let my dirty >avej
Clothe fpice, line trunks, or, flutt'nng in a row,
Bffrinfe the ra^li of Bedlam and Soiio. Pofc.

To BEG. v.a. [beggeren,Germ.] To live
upon alms ; to live by afking relief of
others.
I cannot dig ; to big I am afitamed, tuic.

To Bp.c. v. a.
I. To aflc ; to feek by perition.

He wtat to FUate, and tttggtd Jhc body.

AUiitetv. I

BEG

BEG

I See how tfcey ieg an alms of flattery. TcMKg.

2. To take any thing for granted, without
evidence or proof.

We have not ctgged any principles or fuprofi.
tions, for the proof of this j but taken that com-
mon ground, which both Mofes and all antiquiry
P--^''"' ^ B^J.

To Bege't. v. a. begot, or begat ; I have
Ugotten, or kegot. [bejercan, Saxon, to
obtain. Sec To Get.]

I. To generate; to procreate ; to become
the father of, as children.

But firll come the hours, which we begot
In Jove's fwcet paradife, of day and night.
Which do the feafonl of the year allot. Sfenfer.

I talk of dreams.
Which are the children of an idle brain,
Btgot of nothing but vain phantafy. Shahjfearc.

WI|o hath begntten me thefe, feeing I have loft
my children, and am defolate ? Jfaicb.

'Twas he the noble Ciaudian race begat. Dryd.
Love is beget by fancy, bred
By Ignorance, by expeflation fed, Granville.

2. To produce, as effefts.

If to h.;ve done the thing you gave in charge,
Btget you happincfs, be happy then ;
For it is done. Sbaleffeare.

My whole intention was to beget, in the 'minds
of men, magnificent fentiments of God and his
*''''^«- Cbejne.

3. To produce, as accidents.

Is it a time for ftory, when each minute
Begets a thoufand dangers ? Denbam.

4. It is fometimes ufed with on, or upon,
before the mother.

Beget Wfmn
His mother Martha by his father John. Speffatcr^

Bece'tter. »./. [from%f/.] He that
procreates, or begets ; the father.

For what their prowefs gain'd, the law declares
Is to themfelves alone, and to their heirs :
No fliare of that goes back to the begetter,

But if the fon fights well, and plunders better

Dry den.

Men continue the race of mankind, commonly
without the intention, and often a^iinft the con-
fent and will, of the begetter. Locke.

Be'ccar. n.f. [from beg. h is more
properly written begger ; but the com-
mon orthography is retained, becaufe
the derivatives all prefcrve the a.]

i. One who lives upon alms ; one who has
nothing but what is given him. .

He raifcth up the poor out of the duft, and
lifteth up the beggar from the dunghill, to fet
them among princes. Samue/.

We fee the whole equipage of a beggar fo
drawn by Homer, as even to retain a notlenefs
and dignity. jj„,^_._

2. One who fupplicates for any thing ; a
petitioner ; for which, beggar is a harfli
and contemptuous term.

V/hat lubjcfls will precarious kings regard ?
A beggar fpcaks too foftly to be heard. Drydtn.

3. One who a/fumes what he does not
prove.

1 liefe fliameful beggars of principles, who give
this precarious account of the original of things,
alfume to themfelves to be men of reafon. Ti/Ar/.

To Be'ocar, v. a. [from the noun.]
I. To reduce to beggary ; to impoverifli.

VV hole heavy hand hath b.iw'd you tj he grave,

Anrf beggar'd yours for ever, Shjiejfeare.

They Ihall Ipr.il the clothiers wool, and beggar

the prefcnt fpinners, Graunt.

The mifrr
With heav'n, for twopence, cheaply wipes his

£:are,
Ui'ts up his eyes, »nd Ijaftci to l/'g^ar more. Gay.

z. To deprive,

Neceffity, of matter Ac^rj.rr'd,
Will nothing ftick our peil'ons to arraign
In ear and ear. Shake/fearn

3. To e.xhauJl.

For hT perfon,
It leggar'el all defcription ; /he did He
In h;-r pavilion, cloth of gold, of tiffue,
O'er-pifturing Venus. Shakefpeetre.

Be'ggarliness. ». / [from beggarly.^
The ftate of being beggarly ; meaa-
nefs ; poverty.

Be'cgarly. a^'. [f torn beggar.] Mean;
poor ; indigent ; in the condition of a
beggar : ufed both of perfons and things.

I ever will, though he do fliake me off
To beggarly divorcement, love him dearly. SbaK

A beggarly account of empty boxes. Shake!}.

Who, that beheld fuch a bankrupt beggarly fel-
low as Cromwell entering the parliament-houfe,
»iith a thread-bare, torn cloak, an 1 gieafy hat,
could have fufpettcd that he (hould, by the murder
of one king and the banifliment of another, afcend
the throne ? South.

The next town has the reputation of being ex-
tremely poor and bezgarly. Mdi]em,

Corulbdes, by extieme paifimony, faved thirty-
four pounds out of a beggarly fellowfliip. Siuift.

Be'cgarly. adv. [from beggar.] Mean-
ly ; defpicably ; indigently,

■I'ouching God himfelf, hath he revealed, that
it is his delight to dwell beggarly ? and that he
taketh no pleafure to be worfliipped, faving only
in poor cottages ? Hooker.

Be'ccary, n.f. [from beggar.] Indi-
gence ; poverty in the utmoll degree. '

On he bioujjht me into fo bare a houl'e, that It
was the pidure of miferabie happinefs and ricti
l"£g'"y- Sidney.

While I am a fjeggar, I will rail.
And fay there is no fm but to be rich :
And being rich, my virtue then Ihall be,
To fay there is no vice but beggary. Shaitfpeare.
We muft become not only poor for the prefent,^
but reduced, by further mortgages, to a ftate of
^'tZ<^'y for endlels years to cone. Siuift.

To BEGI'N. V. n. I began, or begun ; I
have begun, [bejmnan. Sax. from be, or
by to, and janjan, jaan, or jan, to go.}

1. To enter upon fomething new : applied
to perfons.

Begin every diy to repent; not that thou Aouldft
at all defer it ; but all that is part ought to feem
little to thee, feeing it is fo in itfelf. Begin the
n'-xt day with the fame zeal, fear, and humility,
as if thou had ft never begun before. Taylor.

2. To commence any aftion or ftate ; to
do the firll aft, or firft part of an aft ;
to make the firft ftep from not doing to
doing.

They began at the ancient men which were be-
fore the houfe. Exekiel,

By peace we will begin. Siakeffeare.

I'll fing of heroes and of tings :
Begin, my mufe ! Cov//y.

Of thefe no more you hear him fpeak ;
He now begins upon th<t Greek j
Thefe, rang'd and Ihow'd, (hall in their turns
Remain obfcure as in their urns. P«V»

Beginning from the rural gods, his hand
Was lib'ral to thi? pow'rs of high command. Dryd,

Rapt into future times, the bard begun,
A virgin fliall conceive. Pott.

3. To enter upon exiftence ; as, the worltt
began ; the praftice began.

I am as free as Nature firft made man,
Er ; the hafe laws of fervitude began.
When wild in woods the noble lavage ran. DryJl

4. To luive its original.

And thus the hard and ftuhborn race of man
Front animated rock and flint began. BJackmon.

Froia

BEG

Tram Nimrod firft the fmge chice ^^ Jii ;
A mighty humeri and his gami; was man. P<iJ>i,

5. To take rife ; to commence.

Judgment mull htgin at (be houli: of God.

I Pder.
The fong liegun from Jove. D'ydm.

All higax.
All ends, in love of God and love of man. Poft,

6. l"© come into aft.

Now and ihsn a figh he ftole,
And tears ttgeii to flow. Drydtr..

T'o Beci'n. •!>. «.

1 . To do the firft aft of any thing ; to
pafs from not doing to doing, by the
iirft aft.

Yc nympht of Solyma, iff fr tlie fong. Pofx-

'I'hcy have been awaked, by thcfe awful fcencs, '

to tegin religion^ and, afteiwarJs, their virtue

tias improved itfeif into more refined principles, by

divine grace. If^tuts.

2. To trace from any thing, as the trft
ground.

1 he apaftle itgws our knowledge in the crea-
tures, which leads us to the knowledge of God.

Lxir.

3. To ie^iti nvith. To enter upon ; to fall
to work upon.

A Irffon which requir"? fo much time to learn,
had need be ea|)y hegur. with.

GiverrmettI c/rht'Titiguc,

BeGl'NKGR. «./. [from iegin.]
X . He that gives the firit caufe, or origi-
nal, to any thing.

Thus heaping critticon crime, and grief on grief,
To lofs of lave adjoining lofs of f.-ien.!,

1 meant to purge both with a third mifchief,
And, in my woe's hg-rntr, it to en<i. Sfcrfer.

•Socrates maketh Ignatius, the bifhop cf An-
tioch, the fiift hcg'mncr thereof, even under the
apullles themfclves. Hoaitr.

«. y\n unexperienced attempter ; one in
his rudiments ; a young praftitioner.

Palladius, beliaving himfelf nothing like a h-
girncrf brought the honour to the Iberian fiJc-

S'hh.y.
They are, to hcghnfri, an eafy and familiar
introdurtion ; a mighty augmentation of ail vir-
tue and knowledge in fuch as are entered before,

1 have taken a lift of fev;ral hivndrcd v.'ords in
a fermon of a new ht^'tJiner, wlilch not ci:e hcarrr
could pofliblj' underrtand. Szvift,

Beg:'nning, n./. [from ^f^/».]
t. The firtl original or caufc.

Whcreicr we plate the btfit:mng of motion,
whether fio.-n the head or the heart, the body
moves and idJi by a confcnt of all its paits. Sivij't.

ji. The entrance into aft, or being.

In the btgmnjng Cod created the heavens and
- *e earth. • Ger,fi%.

3. The ftate in which a;iy thing firfl is.

Youth, what man's age is like to be, doth (liow ;
We may our end by ui:r icg\nn\vg know. Dci:b,:m.

4. The rudiments, or firft grounds or ma-
. terials.

B) viewing nature, nature's handmaid, jo't,
Makes niiyhty things from fmall h.ginttitigi grow '.

Thus filhcs firlt to Oiipping did impart.
Their tail the rudder, and their head the prow.

DryJot.

The underftanding is palfive ; and whether or
rot it will lia\t thefe trgiimwgi, and materials of
knowledge, is not in its own power. Lo<tt.

X,. The. firft part of any tiling.

The cautes and dcGj.ns of an adlion, are the
iifir.mre i the eff-Cit of thefe caufc;, and the
d (licui lej that are nvt with in the execution of
thefe 4 figns, ar- the mi diej and the umavcilini;
» .d-rcl/Jution ot'thcle d fiitulties, are the end.

' ' ' Encwe.

BEG

TV Beoi'iio. V. a. I iigirt, or legirjtti ; I
have begirt, [from ^1; and^iW.]

1. To bind with a girdle.

2. To furround ; to encircle ; to,entom-
pafs.

Begird th' Almighty throne,
Befceching, or befu-ging. Millar,

Or ihouid ilic, conlidcnt
As iitcing queen adorn'd on bciutvs throne,
Defcend, with all her winning charms Itgirt,
T" enamour. Miitcr.

At-home furrounded by a ferviie crowd.
Prompt to abufe, and in detraction loud ;
Abroad begirt with men, and fworJs, and fpcars ;
His very Sate acknowledging his fears. Pritr,

3. To fhut in with a fiege ; to beleaguer ;
to block up.

It was fo clofely hgin, before the king's marcli
into the we.1, that the council humbiy dcGrci his
majeily, that he would relieve it. Qlarcr.d'it,

To Beci'rt. t>. a. [This is, I think, only
a corruption of begird; perhaps by the
printer.] Tobcgird. See Begird.

And, Lentuius, begirt you Poaipcy's houfc.
To feize his fons alive ; for they are they
Mod make our peace with him. Bm Jorfcr..

BFGLERBEG. n.f. [Turkilh.] The chief
governour- of a province among the
Turks. ^
To Begna'w. 'V. a. [from he and^wntv,]
To bite ; to eat away ; to corrode ; to
nibble.

His horfe is ftark fpoiled with the ftaggers,

hegrmL-n with the bots, waid in the back, .ind

flioulder-diotten. Shahjfeare.

The woim of confcience fill! legf^j'-.v thy foul.

Shiiheffearc's Richard \\l.

Beco'ne. interjeSl. [only a coalition of
the words be gone."] Go away ; hence ;

hafle away.

Begor.e ! the goddefs cries with ftcrn difdain,
Big'ync! nor dare the hallow'd ftrcam to Itiin.
She fled," for ever baniih'd from t'v^* train, ^^dt^ifir.
Beg o't . 1 The participle pajfiiic of the

Beoo'tten. 1 verb keget.

Remember that thou watt higci ofthem. £fir/ij.
The firft he met, Antiphates the brave,
But bafc bi^ottcn on a Thcban Have. Drydtn.

To Becre'ase. -v. a. [from be and grcafe.^
To foil or dawb with unftuous or fat
matter.
To Becri'me. "V. a. [from he ^n^ grime.
See Grime and Grim.] To foil with
dirt deep imprefled ; to foil in fuch a
manner that the natural hue cannot
eafily be recovered.

Her name, that was as frcfh
As Dian's vifagc, is now ligrm'd, and black
As my owM fate. Sviikfi^are,

To Begui'le. f . a, [from ie and^«.-iV.]

1. To itnpofe upon ; to delude ; to cheat.

This 1 fay, lell any man.feouU Irgui.'e you
with enticing wards. CJ-^tWi.

The ferpent me iegui/'d, and I did eat ! Miiici:.

Whofoever fees a man, win would have be-
gutUd and inipofed upon him by making him
believe a lye, he niny truly fay, that is the man
who WfHild hft.'e ruined mc. Scutu*

2. To deceive; to evade.

Is wretchedneis depiiv'd that benefit.
To cud itfelf by death ? 'Tis yet fomc comfort.
When mifery could begu'ik the tyrant's rage,
Aid fruftrate his prnud will. Sh.ih/fearc.

3. To deceive pleafmgly ; to amufe.

Sweet, leave mc here awhile ;
My fpi-.it» grow dull, and fain 1 would irguh'e
I'he'fdo.is d.iv with flccD. Sbiihfptare,

Wjih hcfc fometimes (hedoth her tini- /.^'Bi/c ;
Thcic do I y iiu her phantafy p:iffe:"s. Hir J. Di-.hs.

B E H

B E C u'k . The participle pnfftvc of hegin,
But thou, brigiit morning ftar,- thou rifm^ 1*JIT,
Which in thefe latter times haft brought to light

Thofe myfteries, that fi nee the world began
Lay hid in darknefs and eternal night. SirJ.Dj-a,
Beha'lf. n.f. [This word Skinner de-
rives from ha\f, and interprets it, f<.r
my half; as, for my part. It fcems to
me rather corrupted from behoof, profit;
the pronunciation degenerating eafily
to behafe ; which, in imitation of other
words fo founded, was writien, by thofe
who knew not the etymology, behalf. '\

1 . Favour ; caufe favoured : we fay in
behalf, but /or the fake.

He was in confidence with thofe who dcfignej
the dcftruflion of Straftbrd j againft whom he
liad contrafled fome prejudice, in the bebulf of hU
nation. C/arendcn*

Were but my heart as naked to thy view,
Marcus would fee it bleed in his behalf. Addijin,

Never was any nation blcflVd with more frequent
iaterpofi:ions of divine providence in its helti'f.

Aticrbury.

2. Vindication ; fupport.

He mi^ht, in his ptclVnce, defy all Arcadian
knights, in the behalf of his miftrefs's beauty.

Sidrcy-t
Left the fiend,
Or in hehtilfof man, or to invade
Vacant polllfii'in, fome new trouble raife. mit:i:
Others believe that, by the two Fortunes, were
meant profpcrity or ?ifliclion ; and produce, iff
thuv belMj, an ancient monument. Addij.cr.It.::y,

To Beha've. f. a. [from be and have."]

1. To carry; to conduft : ufed ahnoft
always with the reciprocal pronoun.

We behaved not ciirfe'-ves diforderly amongyou.

riejr.

Manifeft figns came from heaven unto thofe
that behaved Ihemfehes manfully, 2 Maeeabrrir

To their wills wcdi-cd, to tlieir errours Haves,
No man like them, they think, bimf. If brbavrs.

D^rhar.

We fo live, and fo aft, as if we were fecure of
the final ifluc and event of things, however we
may biba-ve surfelves. Atferbury,

2. It fcems formerly to have had the fenfe
of, to govern ; to fobdue ; to dii'ciplinc :
but this is not now ufed.

Rut who his limbs with labours, and his snind
Bibavei with cares, cannot fo eafy mifs. Fa'ay £J.

With fuc'i fober and unnoted paflTun
Ha did behave his anger ere 'twas fpcnt,
As if he had but prov'd an argument. Shahfpeffre,

To Beha've. -k. ». To aft; to conduft
one's felf It is taken either in a good
or a bad fenfe ; as, he ieljaveJ well or ill.

Beha'viour. ?/./ \irom. behave."]

1. Manner of behavingone's felf, whether
good or bad ; manners ; carriage, with
rcfpeft to propriety.

M :pfa, curiou> in any thing but her own good
behavhur, followed Zclniane. Sidney,

2. External appearance with refpeft to
grace.

He marked, in Dora's dancing, good grace and
handfome Ickaviour, *■ Sidney,

3. Gefturc ; manner of aftion, adapted to
particuhr occafions.

Well witncflinj the mpft fubmi.live behavMr
that a thralled heart could cxprefs. Sidney.

When we make prol'efiion of our faith, v.e fland ■{
when we acknowledge our fins, or fcek unto God
for favour, wc fall down ; bccaufe t'le gefture <■!
conllancy becomcth us bcft in the one, in the otlie.-
the hcba-viiur of humility. Ik^ker.

One liian fees how much another man is a fool,
whc.i he dedicates hi. Icba^'iour to lo«. Sbairfp .

B E H

B E H

E E H

And he cliinged his hchavhar before theni) anJ
feigned himfcit mad in their hands. i Samuel*

4. Elegance of manners ; gracefulnefs.

The beautiful prove accompli/hed, but not of
great fpirit ; and ftudy, for the mod part, rather
ichavKur then viftne. Bacsn.

He who advil'eth the philofopher, altogether
iievoted to the Mufa, fe netimes to offer facrifice
to the altars of the Graces, thought knowledge
imperfeft without bcha'ukur* JVotUn.

5. Conduft; general praftlce ; courfe of
life.

To him, who hath a profpeft of the ftate that
attends men after this life, depending on their
hihaviour here, the meafurei of good and evil are
changed. Loch.

6. To be upcn one's beha=vloar. A familiar
phrafe, noting fuch a (late as requires
great caution ; a ftate in whicli a failure
in behai'iour will have bad confequences.

Tyrants therafelves ueufos their btiavi'Mr to »

fuperiour power. L'EUrange.

To Behe'ad. v. a. [trom be and heaJ.']

To deprive of the head; to kill fay cut-

■'ting off the head.

His bihcadiitg he undenvcnt with all chriSian
augnanimity. ClarndoK.

On each fide they fly,
>y chains connext, and, with dcHmdtive fweep.
Behead whole troops at once. Phili^t.

Mary, queen of Siots, was behtaJed in the reign
of qu^n Elizabeth, AddtJ^^n*-

Iihe'ld. participle pajfi-vt from heholel ;
which fee.

All hail ! ye Tirgin daughters of the main !
Yc dreams, beyond my hopes beheld again ! Pi>pe.

Bk'hemoth. »./. ^^^^OTo//;i, in Hebrew,
fignifies beafts in general, particularly
the larger kind, fit for fervice. But Job
{peaks of an animal behemoth, and de-
kribes its properties. Bochart has taken
much care to make it the hippopotamus,
or river-horfe. Sanilius thinks it is an
ox. The Fathers fuppofc the devil to be
meant by it. But we agree with the ge-
nerality of interpreters, that it is the
elephant. Calmet.

Behold now hthemth, which I made with. thee;
he eatcch grafs as an ox. J^b,

Behold 1 in plaited mail
Sehemstb rears his hrad. Tlmmfin.

Be'hen. 7 ». yi Valerian root?. Alio a
Bek. .5 fruit refembling the tamarifk,

from which perfumers extraft an oil. Di^.
Behe'st. »./. [from be and he^ ; hapj-,

^axon.] Command ; precept ; mandate.

Her tender youth had obediently lived un^lcr her
parents b.h.Jli, without framing, out of her own
w?Il, the forcchoofing of any tiling. Sidney.

Such joy he had their (lubborn hearts to quell,
And llurJy touragr tame v/ith dreadful awe,
T\iat hii ielefi they feat'd as a proud t) rant's law.

Sferj'cr.

I, m^iTengcr from cverlaftlng Jove,
In hi; grcar njmi thus hii bthejl io tcil. Fm^fax.

To vHir oft thofe happy tribi-s.
On high Ltl'fli his angels to and fro
I'iK'l ((•^ij'ifnt. Ml'tm.

in hcav'n God ever WeO^ and hi^ diyinc
Behrfti ob'y, wor.hird to be obey il I Mil'on.

7t Beiit'cHT. V. a. pret. bebct, part, bt-
hi^ht, [from haran, to promifc, Sax.]

1. To proraifc ; tliis word is obfolete.

iiirCuyon, mindful of his vow yplight,
l*p rofe fr'ioi drowfy couch, and him adJreft
Vfnto the journey which he had ithigbl, FairJ ^

2. To entrurt ; to commit.

TI . ou, huufc that glift'reth bright,

W}ir jre to thy hanJ btli'i/l

By ■■. ,. Jjirj i^K.-.T,

• V»i.. f.

3. Perhaps to call j to name : hi^lt being
often put, in old authors, for named, or
nuas named.

BEHi'ND./rif/. [hmSan, Saxon.]

I. At the back of another.

Acomatcs hafted with harquebufiers, which Ite
had caufed his horfemen to take bebtrtd them upon
their horfcs. Knollei.

I. On the back part ; not before.

She came in the prefs behind, and touched him.

Mark.

3. Towards the back.

The Benjamites looked behind them, yudges.

4. Following another.

Her hulbaud went with her, weeping behind her.

Samuel.

5. Remaining after the departure of fome-
thing elfe.

He left tebind him myfelf and a fiflfcr, both born
in one hour. Siakejfeere.

Piety and virtue are not only delightful for the

I prefcnt, but they have peace and contentment

behind them. _ T^illatfon.

6. Remaining after the death of thofe to
whom It belonged.

What he gave me to pub'.ifli, was but a fmall
part of what he left behind him. Pupe.

7. At a dillance from fomething going be-
fore.

Such is the fwiftnefs of your mind,
That, like the earth's, it leaves out fenfe behind.

Dryden.

8. Inferiour to another ; having the polle-
riour place with regard to excellence.

After the overthrow of this lirll houfe of God,
a fecond wa« ercQed ; but with Co great odds, that
they wept, which beheld how moch this latter
came behind it. Hcoker.

9. On the other fide of fomething.

From light rctir'd behind his daughter's bed.
He, tor approaching flcep, compos'd his head, Drjd,
Behi'nd. adv.

1 . Out of fight ; not yet produced to view ;
remaining.

We cannot be furt that we have all the parti-
culars before us ; and thai; there is no evidence
bahird, and.yet unfcen, which may cart the proba-
bility on the othM fide. Lieke.

2, Moft of the former fenfes may become
adverbial, by fuppreffing the accufati've
cafe ; as, I left my money behind, or
behind me.

Behi'ndhand. adv. [from behind and
h.^nd.']

1. In a ftate in which rent or profit, or
any advantage, is anticipated, fo that
lefs is to be received, or more perform-
ed, than the natural or juft proportion.

Your trade would fuffcr, if your being behind-
hand has made the natural ufe fo high, that your
tradefman cannot live upon his labour. l,o,ke.

2. .Not upon eqijal terms, with regard to
' forwardnefs. In thii fenfe, it is followed

by luith,

Confider, whether it is not better to be half a
year hthindhand ii-iih the fa(hionabIc part of the
world, than to {Iraiti beyond his circuml^ancei.

SfefJatir.

3. ^hake/peart yXt% it as an adje^i'ue, but
licenttouny, for backward ; tardy.

And thefe thy oftiies,
So rarely kind, are a& interpreters
Of my beHndkanJ Clic\e.DCh. Shaicffiare.

To BEHOXD. 'i:a. pret. I IMd, I have
beheld, or beholden, [behealban, Saxon.]
To view ; to fee ; to look upon : to
behold is -to /fir, in an emphatical or in-
tenfiv* fciife.

San of man, lehsld with thine eyes, and hear
with tliine ears. Ezeiief,

When Theflalians on horfeback were beheld afxr
off, while their horfes watered, while their heads
were deprelfed, they were conceived by the fpodla-
tofs to be one animal. Browne^ s Vulgar Et-rcun*

Man looks aloft, and, with ereiled eyes.
Beholds his own hereditary (kies. Dryden*

At this the former tale again he told,
With thund'ring tone, and dreadful tobehsld. DryJ.

The Saviour comes, by ancient bards foretold.
Hear him ye deaf, and all yc blind beheld ! Pope.

Buho'ld. interje3. [from the verb.] Seej
lo : a word by which attention is excited,
or admiration noted.

Behold I 1 am with thee, and will keep thee. Gen,
When out of hope, beheld her 1 not far off.
Such as 1 favv her in my dream, adorn'd
With what all earth or heaven could bellow,
To make her amiable. Mihcn.

Beho'lden. particip. adj. [gehouden,
Dutch ; that is, held in obligation. It
is very corruptly written be/jolding,'\
Obliged ; bound in gratitude : with the
particle to.

Horns, which fuch as you are fain to be heholden
to your wives for. Shakefpeare,

Little are we beholden to your love,
And little look'd for at your helping hands. Shai,

1 found you next, in refpeCt of bond, both of
near alliance, and particularly of communication ift
ft'udics : wherein 1 mult acknowledge myfelf be-
holden tc you. Bacon.

I think myfelf mightily beholden to you for the
rcprchenfion you then gave us. Addijor*

We, who fee men under the awe of juftice, can-
not conceive what favage creatures they would be
without it ; and how much beholden w- arc to that
wife contrivante. Atterbury.

Beho'lder. m. /. [from behold.'] Spec-
tator ; he that looks upon any thing.

Was this the face,
That, like the fun, did m>\!.e beholJen wi.ik ? Shak»

Thefe beafts among,
Beholders rude, and fliallo.v to difcern
Half wh.1t in tlicc is fair, one man except.
Who fees thee ? Mihols,

Things of wonder give no lefs delight
To the wife Maker's than ieholjrr'f, fight. Denharn.

The juftlint^ chiefs in ruje encOu:ner> join.
Each fair beholder trembling for her knight.

Gran'uille,

The charitable foundations, in the chuich of
Rime, exceed all the demands of charity j an^ '
raife envy, rather than companion, in the. bre:»ftA
of beholders. Aaerhary.

Be ho'l D I N G . adj. [corrupted from behild'

»■».] Obliged. See Beholden.
Beho'lding. n.y; Obligation.

Love to virtue, and not to any particular he*

holdings, hath expreiied this my teftimony. CareiSim

Beho'ldincness. n. f. [from beholding-,

millaken for beholden.] The ftate of

being obliged.

The king invited us to his court, fo a> I moil
acknowledge a beholdingnejs unto him. Sidney,

In this my debt 1 feem'd loth to confefs,
Ifi that I fhunn'd beboldingnefs. Donne.

BEHo'oF.«.y; [itoia behoo've ."] That which
behooves ; that which is advantageous ;
profit ; advantage.

Hit majcrty may alter any thing of thofe law?,
for her o\\n behoof, and for the good of the people,

Sfenjcr,
No rnenn tecompenca it brings
To your behoof: if 1 that region loft.
All uIurpat;on tlicnce cxjieltM, reduce
To her original da knefs, and your fway, %tiltom
Wc.t thou fome ftar, which from the ruin'd roof
Of (hik'd Olympus by mii'chance Jidft fall )
Which careful Jove, in nature's true behoof,
T*ok *f, and in tit place did n\n'\i-jt. Mili-ii.
Z Sccaufe

B.E.I

BEL

B E i:

Bccaufe it wis for the ttbecf of the in'unal, that,
■Ofon any fuddcn acciilent, it might be awakcnc<',
there wctc no Ihuts or ftopplcs made fur thu
tars. Ray.

it would be of no hebixf, for the fettling of go-
vernment, unlefs there were a way tatight, how to
know the perfon is> whom belonged this power and
dominion. Locke.

7» BEHO'OVE, v. n. [behopan, Saxon,
it is a dity.'] To be fit ; to be meet :
either with refpeft to duty, neceffity, or
convenience. It is ufed only imper-
fonally with it.

Far better examination of their quality, :t it-
ixrvilh the very foundation and root, the highcft
well-fpring and fountain of them, to be difcovercd.

Hooker.

He did fo prudently temper his paflioni, as tiiat

rone of them made him wanting in the offices oj

life, which « bihswiJ or became him to perform.

Alter bury.

But fliould you lure the monarch of the brook,

Bebowcs jou then to ply your fineft art. Thcmfon.

Beho'oveful. adj. [from behoof. ] Ufefu! ;
profitable ; advantageous. This word is
loroeWliat antiquated.

It is VC.7 behooveful in this country of Ireland,
where there are wade dcferts full of grafs, that the
fame (houM be eaten down. Sfenjer.

Laws are many times full of impcrfcdlions ;
and that which is fuppofed beboivefvl unto men,
proveth oftentimes moft pernicious. Ihsker,

Madam, wc have cuU'd fuch neceffaries
As are tchicveful for our (late to-morrow. Sbak.

it may be moil hebaoveful for princes, in mat-
ters of grace, to tranfa<3 the fame publickly : fo
it is as requifite, in matters of judgment, punifh-
inent, and cenfure, that the fame be tranfafted
pr^va^eiy. Clarer.d'jn.

Beho'cvefully. adv. [ from behooveful, ]
Profitably ; ufefully.

Te:l us of more weighty di Hikes than thefe, and
that may more hehotvefu/lj import the reformition.

Spenfer.
Be ho't. [preterite, as it feems, oibehigbt,
to promife.]

With (harp intended fting fo rude him fmote.
That t) the earth him drove as ftrickcn dead,
Ne living wight would have him life icier. Fairy Q^
Bb'inc. particip. [from be."]

Thrlfc, who have their hope in another life,
look upon themfelves as be'mg on their paflage
through this. Atlerbury.

Be'ing. n.f. [from ^e.]
I. Exiftencc : oppofed to nonentity.

Of him all things have both received their firft
heing, and their continuance to be that which they
""• Hooker.

Yet is not Ood the author of her ill,
Tho' author of her being, and being there. Da-vies.

There is none but he,
WhoTe beiiij( J do fear 1 and under him
My genius is rebuked. Hhakeff. Macbttb.

Thee, Farhcr, firft they fung, cmnipotejit.
Immutable, immortal) infinite,
Pteinal king ! Tiiee, Author of all btir.g,
Kountain of light I Miliin'i Parettlifc L'fl.

Merciful and gracious, thou gaveft us being,

tai.m^. us from nothing to be an excellent creation.

Taylor's Guide to Devotion.

Copfider every thing as not yet i;i hcmg; then
exami9e, if it mull n^eJi have been at all,'or what
otb-T ways it miijht have been. Bentlcy.

■%, A particular llatc or condition.

Tbof« happy fpirits which, ordaln'd by fate.
For fiture iejn^and new bidies wait. ' Drjicn.
Heav'n from all creatures hides the b.iok of fate ;
Fiom b utcs ivhat men, from men what fjirits

know j
Or wdo could fufier being h«(C below ? fnfe.

At now your own, our beirgs were of old,
Aad obc« latios'd iji vioitua'i bcau;cov aoulJ,

P»pf.

3. The perfon exifting.

Ah (air, yet falfe ! ah being formM to cheac
By teeming kindncfs,mixtwitli deep deceit! Dryd.

It is fully to fcek the approbation of any biing,
bcljde!. the fupreme ; becaufe no other being can
make a right judgment of us, and becaufe we can
procure no confiderable advantage from the ap-
probation of any other being. Addifon, Spectator.

Be'ing. conjiinil. [from be.'] Since. Dia.

Be it so. A phrafe of anticipation, y«^-

pofe it hefo ; or of permifiion, let it hefo.

My gracious duke,
Be't fo (he will not here, before your grace,
' Confent to marry with Demetrius,
I beg the ancient privilege of Athens. Shakejp.

Ti Bela'bour. 'V. a, [from be and la-
bour.'] To beat j to thump : a word in
low fpeech.

What fevcral madnelTes In men appear !
Oreftcs runs from fancy'd furies here j
Ajax belabours there an harmlcfs ox.
And thinks that Agamemnon feels the knocks.

Drydin,

He fees virago Nell belabour.
With his own ftaff, his peaceful neighbour. Swift.

ToBela'ce. v. a. [afea terra.] Tofaften ;

as, to belace a rope. Z);V?.

Be'lamie. u.f. [belamie, Fr.] Afriend;

an intimate. This word is out of ufe.

Wife Socrates
Pour'd out his life, and laft philofophy.
To the fair Critias, his dearell belamie. Fairy ^

Be'lamoor. n.f. [bel amour, Fr.] Gal-
lant ; confort ; paramour : obfolete.

Lo, lo, how brave (he decks her bounteous bowV
With filken curtains, and gold coverlets.
Therein tolhroud herfumptuousfc/atuoor. F<':ry^

Bela'ted. adj. [from be and late.] Be-
nighted ; out of doors late at night.

Fairy elves,
Whofe midnight revels, by a foreft fide.
Or fountain, foroe belated peafant ices,
Or dreams he fees. Milton" s Paradife Loft.

Or near FIcetditch's oozy brinks.
Belated, feems on watch to lie. Sivift.

To Bela'y. -v. a. [from be and lay, as,
to "jvaylaj, to lie in wait, to lay wait for.]

1 , To block up ; to Hop the paflage.

The fpeedy hnrfe all pall'agrs behy.
And fpur their fmoaking deeds to crofs their way.

DfyJen.

2. To place in ambufh.

'Gainilfiich ftrongcaftlcsncedeth greater might.
Than thofcfmali forces yc were wont bilay. Sfenfer.
TijBelav a rope, [a fea term.] To fplice ;
to mend a rope, by laying one end over
another.
To BELCH. <v. n. [bealcan, Saxon.]
I . To ejcdl the wind from the ftomach ;
to erurt.

The (ymptoms are, a four fmell in their faeces,
belebingi, and diltenfions of the bowels.

Arbtttbnot en Aliments.

^. To iffue out, as by eruftation.

The witers boil, and, belching from below.
Black fands as from a forceful engine throw. Dryd.

A triple pile of plumes his crcft adorn'd,
On which with belching flames Chimzra burn'd.

Dryden.

V4 Belch. i/. a. To throw out from the
ftomach; to ejetl from any hollow place.
It is a word implying coarfenefs, hate-
fulnefs, or horrour.

They are all but Komachs, and we all but food ;
They eat us hungerly, and, wbiu they're full,
Thcv irlii us. Sbakefi-ejre.

Tlic bittcrneft ef it I aow htld (torn my heart.

^hakrjpetirt.

, Immediate in a flame,

But foon obfcur'd with fmoke, all heav'n appearM,
From thofc deep-throated engines belcb'd. Milton.

The gates tliat now
Stood open wide, beUbing outrageous flame
Far Into chaos, fincc the fifoij pafs'd thniugh.

Milton,
Rough as their favage lords who rang'd the wood.
And, fat with acorns, bcleb'd their windy food.

Dryden.
There belcb'd the mingled Oreams of wind and
blood.
And human fle(h,bis indigeftcd food. Popi'sOdylK

When I an am'rous kifs defign'd,
I belcb'd an hurricane of wind. Swift,

Belc». n.f. [from the verb.]

1 . The sft of eruftation.

2. A cant terra for malt liquor.

A fudden reformation would follow, among all
forts of people ; porters would no longer be drunk
with belib. Dennis.

Be ldam. n.f. [belle dame, j^hich, in old
French, fignified probably an old wo-
man, as bale age, old age.]

1. An old woman : generally a term of
contempt, marking the laft degree of
old age, with all its faults and miferies.

Then fing of fecret things that came to pafs.
When beldam Nature in her cradle was. Milton,

2. A hag.

Why, how now, Hecat ? you look angerly,^
—Have I not rcalon, beldams, as you are.
Saucy an4 overbold > Shakeffeares Macbeth.

The refty fieve wagg'd ne'er the more j
I weep for woe, the telly beldam fwore. Dryden

To BELE'AGUER.' v. a. [beleggercn',
Dutch.] To befiege ; to block up a
place ; to lie before a town.

Their bufincfa, which they carry on, is the ge-
neral eoncarnmcnt of the Trojan camp, then be-
leaguered by Turnus and the Latins. Dryd. Dufref,

Againft bekaguer'd heav'n the giants move :
Hills pil'd cm hills, on mountains mountains lie, '
To oiake their mad approaches to the (ky. Dryden,

B F. L e'a G i; E R E R . H. f. [from beleagiier.]
One that befieges a place. _

•7e Bbi.es'. i;. a. [a term in navigation.]
To place in a direftion unfuitable to the
wind.

Belemni'tes. n.f. [from |5f'x©-, a dart
or arrow, becaufe of its refemblance to
the point of an arrow.] Arrowhead,
or finger-ftone, of a whitiili and fome-
times a gold colour.

Belflo'wer. n.f. [from bell zndfoiver,
becaufe of the (hape of its flower ; in
Latin campanula.] A plant.

There is a vart number of the fpecies of thi»
plant. I. The tallcft pyramidal belfvwer. i.
The blue peach-leaved belflowcr. 3. The white
peach-leaved brlfl-Kaer. 4. Gitieabelfiomer, with
oblong leaves and flowers ; commonly called Can-
terbury bills. 5. Canary belfio-tver, with orrach
leaves and a tuberofe root. 6. Blue bclflo-wer, with
edible roots, commonly called rampions. 7. Venus
looking-glafs bilji.iotr, &c. Milier.

Belfo'undbr. n.f [from bell and found. ]
He whofc trade it is to found or cad
bells.

Thofe that make recorders kna\v this, and lite,
wife belfounders in (itting the tune of their bells.
^ Bacon.

Be lfry. n.f. [Befroy, in French, is a
tower ; which was perhaps the true
wor.1, till thofe, who knew not its ori-
ginal, corrupted it to be/fry, becaufe
bells were in it. The place where the
bells are rung.

IVtch

BEL

Tetth the kstbern bucket that iiaaga !» the Id-

frt; that is curioully painted Ueforc, and will

make a fiijurc. Cay.

Belga'rd. n.f. [belle egard, Fr.] Afott

glance ; a kind regard : an old word,

now wholly difufed.

Upon her eyeiijs Biany graces fat,
UnoeiF the fiiadow of her even brows,
Working iilgsrdi, and amorous retreats. Fj'irji £^.
7'o Beli'e. f. a. [from ie and //>.]

1. To counterfeit; to feign; to mimick.

Which durft, with horfes hoofs that beat tiie
ground.
And martini brafs, if& the thunder's found. Drjti.

The fhape of man, and imitated beaft.
The walk, the words, the gefture could fapply.
The habit mimick, =aj the mien itlie^ Dryd!r<.

t To give tiie lie to ; to charge with
falfehood.

Sure there is none but fears a future (late ;
Apd when the moft obdurate fwear they do not,
Their trembling hearts tel'ic their boaftful tongues.

Drydai-
Paint, patches, jewels laid afide,
At night aflronomers agree,

The evening has the day hely'dy
And Hhillii is fome forty-thrve. Prior.

3. To calumniate; to raife falfe reports
of any man.

Thou doft hcTiC him, Piercy, thou htUtfi him ;
He never did encounter with Oiendower. Skakefp.

1^ To give a falfe reprefentatioa of any
thing.

Uncle, for heav*n's fake, comfortable words. —
M— Should 1 do fo, 1 fhouid htiie my thoughts. ShaL

Tufcan Valerus by force o'crcame.
And not bclj'd his mighty father's name.

Jjrydcns ^neld.
In the difpute whate'er I faid,
My heart was by my tongue btly^d\

And in tny looks you might have read
How much I argued on your fide. Prkr.

5. To fill with lies. This feems to b« its
meaning here.

■ 'Tis flanJer, whofe breath
Rides on the polling V(inds, and doth lc!\c
AU corners of the world. Shakrjpearii Cymhelim.

Belie'f. »./. [from belU've.'^

J. Credit given to fomething, which we
know not of ourfelvcs, on account of Uie
authority by which it is delivered.

I'hofc comforts titat lliall never ceafc.
Future in ho^r, but prefcnt in htl'ief, IVcWm,

Faith is a lirm hcl'uf of ihe whofe word of God,
•f bis gofpfl, commands, threats, and promifes.

2. The theologicaLvirtue of faith, or firm
confidence of the truths of religion.

No man can attain hil'nf by the bare contem-
plation of heaven and earth ; for that they neither
are fuHicient to give us as much as the Icafl fpark
of light concerning the very principal myfleries
of our faith. Hockcr,

5. Religion ; the body of tenets held by
the profefTors of faith.

In the heat of general perfccution, whereunto
chridian bilicf wn fubjc^ upon the firfl promul-
gation, it much confirmed the weaker minds,
when relation was made how God had been glori-
fied through the fuflerings of martyrs^ Utrnker.

4. Perfuafion ; opinion.

He- can, I know, but doubt to think h: will ;
Yet hope would fain fubfcribe, and tempts belirf.

Militn.

All treaties are grounded upon the beHif, tiiat
Hates will be found m their honour and oblervmcc
of treaties. Temple.

5. The thing believed ; the objedl of be-
lief.

Superllitious prophecies are not only t\M iciitf
•f fools, butthe talkfcmstimes of wife men. Binn,

BEL

6. Creed ; a form containing the articles
of faith.

Beli'evable, «</•". \_?rom helisve.'] Cre-
dible ; that wh:;h may be credited or
believed.

To BELI'EVE. T. a. [jelycan, Saxon.]

1. To credit upon the authority of ano-
ther, or from fome other reafon than our
perfona] knowledge.

Adherence to a proportion which they arc per-
fuaded, but do not know, to be true, is not feeing,
but believing. Locke.

Ten th 'ufand things there are, which we Ic-
Ijtvc nlcrLiy upon the authority or credit of thofe
who have fpoken orwritten of them. Watn't Log.

2. To put confidence in the ver.icity of
any one.

The people may hear when I fpcak with thee,

and /'(•//ci/f thee for ever. Exodus.

To Beli'eve. f. ».

1. To have a firm perfuafionof any thing.

They may believe that the Lord God of their
fathers, the .God of Abraham, the Gcd of Ifaac,
and the GoJbf Jacob, hath appeased unto thee.

CemJIu

2. To exercife the theological virtue of
faith.

Now God be prai/d, that to believing fouls
Gives light in darkncfs, comfort in defpair. Sbak,

For with the heart man bcHevetb unto right-
eoufncfs, and with the mouth confelfion is made
unto falvation. Romans.

3. With the particle in, to hold as an ob-
jeft of faith.

Believe in the Lord your God, fo fiiall you be
eflablifhed. 2 Cbrcn.

4. With the particle upon, to truft ; to
place full confidence in ; to reft upon
with faith.

To them gave he power to become the fons of
God, even to them that believe off his name. ytin.

5. / believe, is fometimes ufed as a way of
nightly noting fome want of certainty
or exadlnefs.

Though they are, I ielievi, ai high as mod
(lecples in England, yet a perfjn, in his drink,
fell down, without any other hurt than the break-
ing of an arm. Mdifon en Italy.
Bei.i'ever. «./ [from belie-ve.]

1. He that believes, or gives credit.

Uifcipline bcgr.n to entfr into conflia with
churches, which, in extremity, had beci beluven
of it. Hooker.

2. A profeflbr of Chriftianity.

Infidels themfelves did difcern, in matters of life,
when belicveri did well, when otherw:fe. Hooker.

If he which '.vritctb do that which is forcible,
howlhould he which readcth be thought to do that
which, in itfell, is of no force to work belief, and
to fave believers / , Hooker,

Myfteries held bjr tfstiA-. no power, psmp, or
weahh, but have been"msintai:.:d by the univcrfal
body of true believers, from the days of the apoftle's,
and will be to the refurreflion j neither will the
gates of hell prevail againft tbeni. Svi'ft.

Beli'evingly. a,-iv. [from To believe. "^

After a believing manner..
Bei.i'ke. aJ-v. [hom like, M by likilihoij.']
I . Probably ; likely ; perhaps.

There came out '.f the fimc woods a horrible
foul bear, which fearing, belike, v.hile the lion was
prefent, came furioully towards tlie place where I
was. Sidney.

Lord Angeloi beUke, thinking me remifs in my
cfjcc, awakens me with this unwonted putting on.

Shakeffearc.

Jofephus affirmclli, that one of them remained
in hi; time; meaninjf, belike, fome r«iii or foun-
dation tliereof. Raleigh.

15 E L

2. It is fometimes ufed in a fenfe of irony,
as // may be fuppofed.

We think, bel'ikc, that he will accept what the
meaneft of them would difdain. Hooter.

God appointed the fea to one of them, and the
land to the other, becaufe ihcy were fo great, that
the fea could not hold them both ; or clfe, belike,
if the fea had been large enough, we might have
gone a filhing for elephants. Bremu. on Lairg.

Beli've, ae/'v. [bihve. Sax. probably
from bi and hj-e, in the fenfe of vivacity,
fpeed, quicknefs.] Speedily; quickly:

'~ a word out of ufe.

By that fanje way the direful dames to drive
Their mournful chariot, fill'd with rufty blood.
And down to I'luto's hou fe are come belive. Fairy ij.

BELL. It./, [bel, Saxon; fuppofed, by
Skinner, to come from feliijs, Lat. a
bafm. See Ball.]

1. A veflel, or hollow body of cafl me-
tal, formed to make a noife by the a<S
of a clapper, hammer, or Ibme other
Jnftrument llriking againft it. Bells are
in the towers of churches, to call the
congregation together.

Your flock, alic:mbled by the bell.
Encircled you to hear with reverence. Sbakefp^

Get thee gone, and dig my grave thyfelf,
And bid tlie merry bells ring to thy ear,
That thou art crowned, not that I am dead. Shdk.
Four bells admit twenty-four changes in ring-
ing, and five bells oue hundred and twenty.

Holder'' s Elements of Speech.
He has no one neceflary attention to any thing
but the bell, which calls to prayers t«ice a-day.

Addifon, SpcBator.

2. It is ufed for any thing in the form of
a bell, as the cups of flowers.

Wliere the bee fucks, there fuck I,
In a cowdip's bell I lie. Sbakejpeare^ s TentpeJI.

The humming bees, that hunt the golden dew.
In furamer's heat nn tops of lilies feed,
And creep within their bells to fuck the balmy feed.

Dryd.n.

3. A fmall hollow globe of metal perforat-
ed, and containing in it a folid ball ;
which, when it is fliaken, by bounding
againll the fides, gives a found.

As the ox hath Iiis yoke, the horfe his curb, aill
the faulcon hit bells, fo hath man his dffircs.

Sbakefpeare's As you like if,

4. To bear the hell. To be the fir 11 ; from
the wether, that carries a bell among tiie
ftieep, or the firft horfe of a drove that
has hdls on his collar.

The Italians have carried away the bf',1 from
all odicr nation:;, as may appear both by their
b..oks a;id works. ' Hakcwill,

5. To Jhr.ke the bells, A phrafe iu Shake-
fpeari, tajccn from the bell; of a hawk.

Noith-r the king, nor he that loves him belt.
The proudcft he that holds up Lancaftcr,
D.uts ilir a wing, if Wai wicky/iiai-« bis bells, Sbay

7fl Bell. "v. «. [from the noun.] To grow
in buds or flowers, in the form of a bell.

Hops, in the beginning of Augull, bell, and :ire
fuiuctinies ripe. Mortivterm

BiLL-FASHiONED. adj. [from bell and
fitjhion.] Having the form of a. bell;
campaniform.

The thorn-apple rifcswith a ftrongroup.d (lilk,
having large bell fajhiooed ^o\i^n at the joint.'.

Mortimer,

Belt.e. n.f. \btau, belle, Fr.] A young
lady.

What motive could compel
A well-bred lord t' aifault a gentle betlef
O fay, what (Irangcr caul'c, yjt une;.(jlor"d,
Cuuld m«kc a gentle btlle rejsft a lord i" Tope.

Z z BELLES

BEL

BELLES LETTRES. n. f. [Fr.] Polite
literature. It has x\o fengular.

The eudnef] of the other, is to admit of fome-
thing like dilcourfe, eipetially in what regardi the
btU.i Ultra. T"''"-

Be'llibone. «./. [{mmbelluj, beautiful,
and bonus, good, Lat. belle W bonne,
Fr.] A woman excelling both in beau-
ty and goodiiefs. A word now out of ufe.

Pan may be proud that ever he bigot

Such a billikcnc,
Aad Syrinx Tcjoice that ever w« her lot

To bear fuch a one. Sf infer.

Belli'gerant. lai!j. [belliger, Lat.]

Bblli'gerous. J Waging war. Dia.

Be'lling. n.f. A hunting term, fpokeof

a roe, when flie makTes a noife in rutting

time. Dia.

Belli'potent. aJj. [beUipotcns, Lat.]

PuiiTant ; mighty in war. DiH.

To Be'llow. <!/. n. [bellan, Saxon.]

i. To make a noife as a bull.

Jupiter became a bull, mi ielhwed ; the green
Neptune a ram, and bleated. Sbateffsari.

What bull dares belUvi, or what flieep dares bleat,
Within the lion's den ? Drydin.

But now the hufband of a herd muft be
Thy mate, and belkw'wg fons thy progeny. DryJ.

2. To make any violent outcry.

He faften'd on my neck, and iellna'd oat.
At he'd burft heav'n. Shake/peart.

3 . To vociferate ; to clamour. In this
fcnfe it is a word of contempt.

The dull fat capuin, with a hound's deep throat.
Would l!e/l<KV out a laugh in a bafe note. Dryden.

This gentleman is accuftofned to roar and bcl-
Irw fo terribly loud, that he frightens us. Tatltr,

4. To roar as the fea in a florm, or as the
wind ; to make any continued noife,
that may caufe terrour.

Till, at the lad, he hejid a dread found.
Which thro' the wood loud hil'mi'ixg did rebound.

Sptnjer.
The fifing rivCTS float the nether ground ;
And rocks the bcUow'tng voice of boiling feas re-
bound. Dryden.

Be'llows. n.f. [bihj. Sax. perhaps it
is corrupted from bellies, the wind being
contained in the hollow, or belly. It has
no Jingular ; for we ufually fay, a pair
if bellows ; but Dryden has ufed bellonus
as z^ngular.y

t. The inllrument ufed to blow the fire.

Since ftghs, into my inward furnace turn'd.
For bellcnos fervc to kindle more the fire. Sidney.

One, with great btllt,-ws, gather'd filling air,
Arfd with forc'd wind the fuel did enflamc. FairySi^

The fmith prepares his hammer for the ftrokc.
While the lung'd W/mus hifling fire provoke. Dryd.

The lungs, as bellnvi, fupply a force of breath ;
•nd the affera arleria is as the nofe of billnivs, to
colleft and convey the breath. Uclda.

X. In the following paflage it h^ngulaf.

Thou neither, like a bellcioi, fwell rt thy face,
As if thou wcrt to blow the burning mafs
Of melting ore. Dryden.

Be'lluine. «<^'. [^f//tt/»B/, Lat.] Bcaft-
ly ; belonging to a bead ; favage ; bru-
tal.

li human actions were not to be judged, mi:n
would have no advantage over bcafts. At this
ii-.e, the animal and billuwe life wou'.d be the
beft. ' jiiterbury,

BETLLY. ». /. {balg, Dutch ; boU bela,

Welih.]
V. That part of the human body which

reaches from the brcaft to the thighs,

«OBtaining the bowels..

BEL

The body's memberi
KebeU'd againft tlie belly; thus accuk'J •(>-'
That only like a gulf it did remain,
Still cupboarding the viand, never bearing
Like labour with the reft. Shaietfeari.

2. In beafts, it is ufed, in general, for
that part of the body next the ground.

And the Lord faid unto the lerpcnt, Upon thy
belly ihalt thou go, and duft ihait thou eat, all the
divt of thy life. Gctief.u

3. I'he womb : in this fenfe, it is com-
monly ufed ludicroufly or familiarly.

I fiiall anlwi-r that better, than you can the
getting up of the negro's belly 1 the Moor is with
child by you. Shatejpeare.

The ferret is grown too big for the pretence,
like Mrs. Piimly's big btlJy. _ Cir.grcJi.

4. That part of man which requires food,
in oppofition to the back, or that which
demands clothes.

They were content with a licentious life, where-
in thi-y might fill their bellia by fpoil, rather than
by labnur. Hnyivard.

Whofe god ij their belly. Phil.

He that fows his grain upon marble, will have
many a hungry belly before harveft. jiriurhnot.

5. The part of any thing that fwells out
into a larger capacity.

Fortune fomctimes turneth the handle of the
bottle, which is cafy to be taken hold of; and
after the belly, which is hard to grafp. Bacon.

An Irifh harp hath the Concave, or brliy, not
along the ftrings, but at the end of the llrings.

Bacsn.

6. Any place in which fomething is ia-
dofed.

Out of the beify of hell cried I, and thou
heardell my voice. Jonab.

To Be'lly. "v. n. [from the noun.] To
fwell into a larger capacity } to hang
out ; to bulge out.

Thus by degrees day waftcs, figns ceafc to rife,
For bellying earth, flill rifing up, denies
Their light a palTage, and confines our eyes.

Creech's Manilius.

The pgw'r appeas'd, with winds fuffic'd the fail,

Tht. bellying canvas ftrutted with the gale. Dryden.

Loud rattling Ihakes the mountains and the plain,

Heav'n bellies downwards, and defcends in rain.

Dryden.

•Midft thefe difports, forget they not to drench

Thomfehes with bellying goblets. Fbilif>i.

Be'llyache. n.Jl Iftombelly Andacbe.]

The cholick ; or pai« in the bowels.
Be'llybound. aJj. [from belly and
bounii.] Difeafed, fo as to be coftive,
• and ftirunk in the belly.
Be'lly-frettinc. n./. [from billy and
fret.]

1. [With farriers.] The chafing of a
, horfe's belly with the foreglrt,

2. A great pain in a horfe's belly, caufed
by worms. Di3.

Be'llyful. «./ [from belly and_/a//.]

1. As much food as fills the belly, or fa-
tisfies the appetite.

2. It is often ufed ludicroufly for more
than enough ; thus. King James told
his fon that he would have his bellyful
of parliamentary impeachments.

Be'llycod. n.f. [from belly ind go J.I
A glutton ; one who makes a god of
his belly.

What Infinite wade they made this way, the
only ftory of Apicius, a famous bellygod, may fuf-
fice to (hew. Uskeviill.

Be'lly-pikched. adj. [from belly snd
pinab.] Starved.

BEL

Tbis night, Wherein the cubdriwn bear would
couch.
The lion and the brlly-pinched wolf
Kijpp their lur dry, uiibonnctted he runt. Slakefp,
Be'llyroll. n.f. [ftoiB belly and roll.]
A roll fo called, as it feemt, from en-
tering into the hollows.

They have two fmall harr^Nvs that they clap
on each fide of the ridge, and fo they harrow
right up and down, and roll it with a hiliyrcll, that
goes between the ridges when they have fown it.

M01 rimer.

Be'i.ly-timber. n.f. [from belly and
timber. "l Food ; materials to fupport the

belly.

Where belly -timber, above ground
Or under, was. not to be found. Ifudibras*

The ilrcngth of every other member
Is founded on your belly-limbir. Pricr,

Be'lly-worm. n. f. [from belly and
iL-orm.] A worm that breeds in the
belly.
Be'lm AN. n. f. [from bell and mafi.] He-
whofe bufinefs it is to proclaim any
thing in towns, and to gain attention
by ringing his bell.

It was the owl that (kriek'd, the fatal btlman
Which gives the fti^rn'ft good night. Shakefpeare^.
WhercTitian'sglowing paint tlie canvas warm'd.
Now hangs the belman'i fong, and palled here
Tile colour'd prints of Overton appear. Gaft

The belman u( each parilh, as he goes his cir-
cuit, cries out every night, Pali twelve o'clock.

Smft.
Be'lmetal. h. f. [from bell and metal.]
The metal of which bells are made, be-
ing a mixture of five parts copper with
one of pewter.

Belmetai has copper one thoufand pounds, tin
from three hundred to two hundred pounds, brafs
one hundred and fifty pounds. Sacc-u.

Colours which arife on bclmeul, when nieltci
and poured on the ground, in open ait, like the
colours of water bubbles, are changed by viewing
them at divers obliquities. Jfetcten.

To Be lo'c k. "j. a. [from be and loeL] To
fallen as with a lock.

This is the hand, which with a vov('d contraft
Was fart behck'd in thine. Shjieffeare.

Be'lomancy. n.f. [from ^^^ and ^a»-
1.i«.]

Beliirancy, or divination by arrows, hath been
in rcquf fl with Scytliians, Alan^, Germans, witli
the Africans and Turks of Airier.

Bro^vn''t yulgar Errcuru

To Belo'ng. 1). n. [belaitgea, Dutch.]

1 . To be the property of. '

To light on a part of a field belonging toSoaz.

Ruii.

2. To be the province or bufmefs of.

There is no need of luch redrefs ;
Or if there were, it not ielings to you. Shaielp,

The declaration of tbefc latent philofophers i*.
longs to another paper. BcyUw

To Jove the care of heav'n and earth belongs.

Drydtitm..

3. To adhere, or be appendant to.

He went into a dclart bthngir.g toBethfaida.

Luket

4. To have relation to.
To whom beiir.gejl thou ? whence art thou ?

I Samuel,

5. To be the quality or attributes of.

The faculties behnging to the fuprem- fpirit,
are uiiiimitcd and boundlefs, fitted and defigned
{')! infinite objecls. Cheync»

6. To be referred to ; to relate to.

He carcth for things that btUng to the Lord.

I Coriitb,

> ' Belo'veo,

I

I

BEL

Belo'ved. participle, [from belove, de-
rived of love. It is obfervable, that
though the participle be of \-cry frequent
ule, the -verb is feldomor never admit-
ted ; as we fay, you are much belo'ved
by me, but not, 1 ^elow you.] Loved ;
dear.

I think It is not me«t,
Mark Anthony, fo vwcU lulcv'd of Csfar,
Shiuld outlive Csefar. Shahfftarc.

In likcnefi of a dove
Tlie Spirit defcendeJ, while the Father's voice
From hcav'n pronounced hira his bilwed Son.

' Mil ion.
Belo'w. prep, [from he and lirvj.l
I . Under in place ; not fo high.

For all h;!irw the moon I would not leap. Shai.
He'll beat Aufidiui' head btlru) his knee,
And tread upon his neck. Shakejfiare.

z Inferiour in dignity.

The noble Venetians think themfelves cquil at
lead to tlic ekflors of the empire, and but one
degree hefinu kings. ^tldijoj!.

3. Inferiour in excellence.

His idylliumi of Theocritus are 35 much be-
Ivur bii Mauilius, as the fields are below the ftars.

Fdtnit.

4. Unworthy of; unbefitting.

'Tis much bctiiii me on his throne to fit ;
But when I do, you ihall petition it. Drydtv.

Belo'w. adv.

1. In the lower place ; in the place neareft
tlie centre.

To men (landing below on the ground, thofe
that be on the top of Paul's feem much lefs than
they are, and cannot be known j but, to men
above, thofe btlno feem nothing fo much IclTcned,
and may be knowna Saan.

The upper regions of the air perceive the col-
leflion of the matter of the temp«fts and winds
before the air here beltnv ; and therefore the ob-
fcuring of the fmallcr ftars, is n fign of tcmpeft
following. Saan.

His fultry beat infcAs the fky ;
The ground bclm'xi parcb'd, the heav'ns above us
fry. Drydir.

This faiH, he led the^ up the mountain's brow,
And ihew'd them all the Ciining 6dds bilt^-w.

Dry den.

2. On earth, in oppofition to heaven.

And let no tears from erring pity flow.
For one that's blefi'd atiove, immortaliz'd belnu.

Smith.
The fairefl child of Jove,
Btlno for ever fought, and bleft'd above. Prior.

3. In hefl ; in the regions of the dead :
oppofed to heaven and earth.

I'he giadfume ghotts in circling troops attend j
Delight to hover near, and long to know
What bus'nefs brought him to the realms bclnv.

Dryden.
When fufT'ring faints aloft in beams fliall glov.,
And prolp'com ttaiton gnaih their cecth btiimi.

Tiikill.

To Belo'wt. v. a. [from he, AnAlo-wt,

a word of contempt.] To tr£at with

opprobrious language ; tu call names.

Obfolete.

Sieur Claulard, when he heard a gentleman
Iff Oft, that at a fupper they had not only good
cbrcr, bat alf^ fivoury epigrams, and fine ana-
fami, returning hnme, rated and belnuud his
ccolt, as an ign )rant fcullion, that never drtircd
hira either epigrams or anagrams. Camdin.

BtLswA'oGEit. n. /. A cant word for a
wboremafter.

You are a charitable ^('//wtf^^rrj my wife cried

out fire, and you cnfA out for cnpini^s. Vrydfn.

Bti.T. n. /. [belr. Sax. bnltheus, Lat.]

A girdle ; a cinfture in which a fword,

or Some weapon, h commonly hung.

BEN

H« cannot buckle his diftcmperM eaufa
Within the btlt of rule. Shakefpeare.

Ajax (lew himfelf with the fword given him
by Heftor, and Hcftor was dragged about tile
walls of Troy by the bdt givien him by Ajax.

South.

Then fnatch'd theftiningic//,with gold inlaid ;

The brit Eur) tion's artful hands had made. Dryd,

Belwe'ther. n.f. [from W/ and av^/ier.]

A ihcep which leads the flock with a

bell on his neck.

The fox will ferve my fliecp to gather,
And drive to follow after their hrltuether. Spcnfer.

To.offcr to get your living by the copulation of
cattle ; to be a bawd to a htlibcthcr. Shalefjunn.

The flock of fljcep and bfkvcthir thinking to

• break into another's pafture, and being to pafs

over another bridge, julUed till both fill into the

ditch. Htnvtll.

To Bely'. > See Belie.

To BemaT). v. a. [from he s.ni.mad.'l To
make mad ; to turn the brain.

Making juft report.
Of how unnatural and bemadding ibrrow
The king hath c»ule to plain. Shaktffeart.

7'oBbmi'rb. V. a. [from he and mire.']
To drag of encumber in the mire ; to
foil by palling through dirty places.

Away they rode in homely fort.
Their journey long, their money ihort;
The loving couple well bimir^d i
The horfe and both the riders tir'd. Swift.

To Beuo'ak. V. a. [from To moan. "] To
lament ; to bewail ; to exprefs forrow
for.

He falls, he fills the houfc with heavy groans.
Implores their pity, and bis ^:k\n bernoam. Dyyden.

"The gods themfclves the ruin'd fcatS bertoanf
And blame the mifchiefs that themfclves have
done. Addifcn.

Bemo'aner. n. f. [from the verb.] A
lamenter ; the perfon that laments.

To Bemo'ck. v. a. [from mock.] To treat
with mocks.
Bcmock the modelt moon. Sbakejp/art.

To BsMofiL. V. a. [he, and tnoil, from
mouiller, Fr.] To bedraggle; to bemire;
to encumber with dirt and mire.

Thou fliouldft have heird in how miry a place,
how (he was iuntiUd, how kelefc her with the
horfe upon her. Stal.ffearc,

To Bemo'nster. f. a, [from ^<!and
monjier,'] To make moqllrous.

Thou chang'd and fclf-tonvcrted thing ! for
{hame,
Btmorjter not thy feature. Shakcfftari ,

Bemxj'sed. adj. [from To mu/e.'] Over-
come with mufingi dreaming ; a word
<)f contempt.

Is there a parftnjiiuch bemui'd in beer,
A maudlin poetefsj a rhiming peer ? " Pe/r.

BENCH, fi. /. [bene. Sax. banc. Fr.]
I. A feat, diflingoilhed from zjiool by Its
greater length.

The feats and bcnchu (hone of ivory,
An hundred nymphs fat fide by fide ab-)Ut. Spi^ffcr,

All Rome is plcas'U when Statius will rehcailc,
And longing crowds expeO the prorah'ij verfe ;
His lofty numbers with fo gi-eat a gull
They hear, and fwallow witli fuch eager lull i
But while the common fuft'rige crown'd hiscaufe,
And broke the brnchci with their loud applanfe.
His mufe had ftarv'd, had not a piece umead.
And by a player bought, fuppiy'd her bread. Dryd.

. A feat of juftice ; the feat where judges

fit:

To pluck down juftice from- your awful itnch ;
To trip the couifi yf Uw. , Skakijftjre,

B E N

Cyriae, whofe grandfire on the teyal tencb
Of Britiih Themis, with no mean applaufe,
Pronounc'd, and in his volumes taught our laws.
Which others at their bar fo often wrench. Milton.

3. The perfons fitting on a ^?«ir;6 ; as, the
whole bench voted the fame way.

Fools to^popular praife afpire
Of publick fpeecbes, which worfe fools admire 5
While, from both bmcbci, with redoubled founds,
Tb'applaufeoflirds and commoners abounds.Z)rjf(i.
To Bench, v. a, [from the noun.]

1 . To furnifh with benches.

'Twas h!r:ch'd with turf, and goodly to be fecn.
The thick young gmfs arofe in freflicr green. Dryd,

2. To feat upon a bench.

His cupbearer, whom I from meaner form
Have britch'd, and rear'd to wor(hip. Shahefpure. ■

Be'ncher. 71. /. [from bench.'] 'Thofe
gentlemen of the inns of court are called
benchers, who have been readers ; they
being admitted to plead within the bar,
are alfo called inner barrillers. The
benchers, being the feniors of the honfe, .
are intrufted with its government and
direftion, and out of them is a treafurer ■
yearly chofen. Blount. Chambers.

I was taking a walk in the gardens of Lincoln's
Inn ; a favour that is indulged me by fcveral
benchers, who arc grown old with me. Taller),

To BEND. V. a. pret. bsnded, or bent j
part. paff. bended, or bent, [benban, .
Saxon ; hander, Fr. as thinner thinks, .
from pandare, Lat.]

1. To make crooked ; tocrook; to inflefl.

The rainbow compaC'eth the heaven with a glo-
rious circle, and the hands of the Mod High hath
bended it. Ecelus.

They bend their bows, they wliirl their flings
around :
Heaps of fpent arrows fall, and drew the ground ;
And helms, and (hiclds, and rattling arms rulbund.

Dryden.

2. To dired to a certain point.

Oflavius and Mark Anthony
Came down upon us with a mighty power.
Bending their expedition tow'rd Philippi. Sbaktff,

Why duft thou bend thy eyes upon the earth.
And ftart fo often when thou fitt'ft alone ? Siak.

Your gracious eyes upon this labour bent. Ftirf,

To that fwcet region was our voyage hentf
When winds, and cv'ry warring element,
Difturb'd our courfc . Dry4">' ■

Then, with a rulhing found, th' atTembly ber,d
Diverfe tlieir (teps ; the rival Toat afcend
The royal dome. Pope.

3. To apply to a certain' purpofe ; to in^
tend the mind.

. Men will not ienj tht'ir w!t« to eitaraine, whetlic»

things, wherewith they have been accuftomcd, be

good or evil. Hooker.

He is within, with two right reverend fathers.

Divinely bent tu meditation. SiSakeffeaye.

When he fell into the gout, he was no longer

' able to hcnd liis mind or thoughts to any publick

b.ifu-.efs. Temple,

\. To put any thing in order for nfe : a
metaphor taken from bending the bow.

I'm fettled, and herd up
_Each corporal agent to this terrible feat. Shakefp.
As a fowler was ien.lirg his net, a blackbird
a(ked him what he vias doing ? L'EJIrange.

5., To incline. .

B jt when to mifchief mortals knd their will,
How focn they fir.d lit inftruroenrs of ill ! Pope.

6.. To fubdue ; to make fubmiffive : as,
war and famine will ienJ our enemies.
To bend the broiu.. To knit the brow }
to frown.

Some have been fcen to bite their pen, fcratch
their he»d, bend ihrir bro^wt, bite thcit lips, bsat
(he board, and tcai their pa^r> Camden.

TV

7-

B E CL

9. Tendency; flexion; particular direc-
tion.

The cxercifing the underftanding in tht feveril

• wijs of rcifjuing, teachtrh the mind fupplcnefs,

to apply itfelt" more dtxteroufly to hilts and turns

of the matter, in all its rrfcarches. LtiJLc,

10. A ftalk of grafs, called btnt-graji. •
Hit fpcir, a btnt both ftiff aud ftrong.

And well near of two inches long ;

The pile wis of a horfe-fly'j tongue,

Whofe fliarpnefs nought reverfed. Drayt. Njnfh.

Then the flowers of the vines j it is a little
duft, lilce the duft of a tent, which grows upon the
.dulier, ia the firft coming f JiUi. Batc'i M-ffay.

June is drawn in a nuntle of dark ^rafs-^reen,
upon his head a garland of htnti, kingtops, and
maidenhair. Pfachaih.

JLb'nting Time, [from icrf.] The time
when pigeons feed on bents before peas
2re ripe.

{bte ttnriirg times, and moulting months, may
come.
When, lagging late, they cinnot rtach their home.

Drydcn,

7a Benu'm. v. a. [benumen, Saxon.] '

1. To make torpid ; to take away the
fcnfation and ufe of any part by cold,
or by fome ob'ftruflion.

So itings a fnakc that to the fire Ts brought.
Which harmlcfs by, witli cold ienumm'J, before.

Fairfax,
, The winds Mow moill and keen, which bid;

us feek 1

Some better fliroud, fome better warmth, to cKpriHi
Our limbs henumm'd. Mj/lm,

My Hnews llackcn, and an ic^ ftiflhefs
£cnums my blood. Dinham,

It fcizcs upon the vitals, and l>atums the fenfes;
ap4 where there is no fehfe, there can be no pain.
'■■■"' -..'.- Sialb.

WHI thsy be the lefs dangerous, when warmth
Aall bring them to themfehcs, becaufe they were
once frazcn and henuirrr.:d with cold ? L" Efirange^

2. To ftupify. ' ■

Thefe afceiits were her laft : the creeping death
BimHimi'd her fenfes firft, then ftopp'd her breath.

Urydin.

Benzo'in. »./. A medicinal kind of re-
fin imported from the Eaft Indies, and
vulgarly called benjamin. It is procured
by making an incifion in a tree, whole
leaves referable thofeof the lemon-tree.
The beft comes from Siam, and is call-
ed amygdaUides, being interfperfed with
white fpots, refembling broken almonds.
Tre'voux. Chambers.
The liquor we have diOiUed from henxoin, is
fubjefl to frequent viciffiludes of fluidity and
firmnefs. Boyle.

Benzoin Tree. See Benjamin Tree.
To Bepa'int. *, a. [from /«/»/.] To
cover with paint. - -

Thou know'ft, the raafk of night is on my face,
Slfe would a maiden bluOi hefa'mt my cheek. Shat.

ffo Bepi'nch. 'V. a. [from pinch.'^ To
mark with pinches.

In their fides, arms, Ihoulders, all hrpincht,
Kan thick the weals, red with blood, ready to iiait
out. Chapman.

IToBepi'ss. 1'. «. [from ///j.] T,o wet
with, urine. .._, ,

One caufed, at a feaft, » bagpipe to be fizyii,
which made the knight itpift hlmfelf, to- the great
diversion of all then prefcnt, at well as confufion
of himfelf. Dirbam,

To BEQUE'ATH. -v. a. [cpi=Se, Sax, 4
will.] To leave by will to another.

She had never been difmhcritcd of that goodly
j>ortion, which nature had fo liberally bequtctttd
to her, Siiinry.

B E R

I Ijt *• chaofe executor!, an4 talk of willk (

* And yet not fo— for what can we bf^uearb,

' Save our depofcd bodies to the ground ! libahfp.

I My father iejuealhed me by will but a poor thou-

fand crowns. Siah/feart.

Methinks this age feems refolved to bequca:h

pofterity fomewhat to remember ic GItmvHU.

For you, whom bed I love and value molt,
But to youf feivice i befueaib my ghod.

Drydtit's Fablei.

Beque'athment. n./, [from bequeath.']
A legacy. DiS,

Beqjje'st. n.f. [from bequtatb.l Some-
thing Kft by will ; a legacy.
He claimed the crown to himfelf j pretending

I an adoption, or bequefi, Of the kingdom unto him

' by the Confcfl'or. Halt.

■To Bera'ttLS. "». «. [horn rattle.'] To
fill with noife ; to make a noife at in
contempt.

Thefejire now the fafhion, and fo btrattle the

common ftages, fo they .call them, that many wear-

' ing rapiers are afraid of goofequUlsi and dare

j fcarce come thither. Shakejftarc.

Be'rberrv. ». /. [berberisi fometimes
written barberry, which fee.l A berry
of a Ibarp taile, ufed for pickles.

Some never ripen to be fwcet, as tamarinds,
herhirriei, crabs, llo;s, Eff. Bacon's Nat. Hiji,

To BERS'AyE, 1'. ,». prtter. / bereaved,
'■ or bereft ; part. beref{^ [be]\eoj:ian. Sax-

. Oo,-].'f,„ •. ■ ■ '.. , ,^-
I. To ftrip of; to deprive of. It has ge-

' nerally the particle of before the thing
taken away. ;

Madam, you have bereft me o/'all words.
Only my blood fpcaks to you in my veins. ?ikak.

That when thou com*ft to kneel jt Henry's feet.
Thou may'ft bereave him o/'his wits with wonder.
I ^hakejftate.

I ' There was never-* prince ifrw»f</o/ his depen-
jdencies by his' council, except there hath been au
ovcrgreacnefs in one counfellor. Bacon's Effays.

Tht: facrc^ prieiU with ready knives bereave
rrhc beafts ^ Ut'el Drydin.

T* deprive us of metals, is to make us mere
favagcs j it is to bereave us c/'all arts and fcicnccs,
of hiltory and' letters, nay of rc\'ealeJ religion
too, that ineftimabte favour of Heaven.

Benfley't Sermsns.

2.1 Sometinies It is tifed' Without ^.

- ' , , . Bereave me not,
Whfcreon 1 live t thyjentle looks, thy*id, ' '
Thy cnunfeli in this uttcrmoU diftrc6.' JtSlim,

3. To take away from. : , .. ■ . l (

All your interci^jin.thofe' territories • . .,
Is utterly icrefi you, all is loH. Sf'ahffeare,

B E R e''a V KM E N T» tuf. -{from bcreave.'J'De-
privatioh. ' ' ' ' , " D/S

Bbre'f.-5. partfp'ajf. 6{ bereave.

The chief pr.either fide bcnfi.oi l:i
Or yielded to the foe, concludes the fttife.

Dryi.

Berg; SceBuRROW.

Be'rcamO-T. ».y; [bergamttte, Fr.]'

I. A fort of pear, commonly called bur^
gamot. . See P s a r . ,

2. 1 A fort of effence, or perfume, drawn
from a fruit produced by ingrafting a
lenion^tree on a bergamot pear rtock.

3. iA fort of fbuff, iirhich is only cleart to-
bacco, with a little of the eflence'rub-

• ied intb'it. ' ■ ' ' . •;'/ . '",

Be'rg.mas TER. ».'/ [froitl beps.Sax.aud
majier.] The bailiff, or chief officer,
among the Derbyfhire ininers.

Be'rcmote. «./. .[of bepj, a mountain,
and mot4, u: mevting, S»xon.]' A'ilourt

B E R

• held upon a hill for deciding contr».
verfiei among the Derby fliire miners.

Bleuttt.

ToBbrhy'me. v. a. [from rhyme] To
mention in rhyme, or verfes : a word
of contempt.

Now is he for' the numbert that Eetrat^
flow'J in : Laura to his lady was but a kitctien-
wench ; marry, Ihc had a better lore to berbyme
her. Sbaktjpean.

I fought no homage from the race that write ;
I kept, like Afian monarclis, from their fight*.
Poems I heeded , now tcrhym'd fo long.
No more than thou, great George \ a birthdav

1 fong. P^pr.

Beri-i'.v. n.f. [from Berlin, the city
where they were iirll made.] A coach oV
j a particular form.

Beware of Latifwauthors all '.
Nor think your verfes ftcrling,

Though with a golden pen yo« fcrawl,
j And fcribble in a ht-l'm. Swifii

BERME. tt.f [Fr. in fortification.] A
t fpace of ground three, four, or five feet
wide, left without, between the loot of
', the rampart and the fide of the mote,
\ to prevent the earth from falling down
. into the mote ; fometimes palifadoed.

tlsrris.
Te Bero'b. v. a. [froin rob,] To rob ; to
I plunder ;' to wrong any, by taking away
' foniething from him by ttealth or vio-
lence. Not ufed.

She fald, ah deareft lord ! what evil ftar
On you hath frown'd, and pour'd his influence bad,
That of yourlelf you thus btrebbed art ? f'tthy ^

BE'RRY. n.f. [l«iuj. Sax. from bepan,
to bear.] Any fmall fruit, with many
feeds or fmall ftones.
She fmotc the ground, the wjiich ftraight forth
■ did yield
A fruitful olive tree, *vith berries SptatA,
That all the gods admir'd. Spenjer.,

; The llawberry grows underneath the netue.
And wholelomc l-jrries thrive and ripen beft,-
Neighbour'd by frv'.t of bafeft quality. Shaiefp,

To Be'rry. f. n. [from the noun.] To
bear berries.

Bsrry-bkarino Cedar, [ce.'/rus bacci~
fern, Lat.] The leaves 'are fquamofe,
fomewhat like thofe of the cyprefs. Th,e
k'atkins; or male flowers, are produced
at remote dillanc^s from the fruit on
the fame tree. The fruit is a berry,
inclofrng three hard feeds in each. The

■ ivood is of great ufe in the Levant, is

-' large timber, and may be thouglu the
fhiitim-wood meutioned in the Scrip,
hire, of which many of the ornaments •
to the famous teniple of Sdomon were '' '
made: '^■"■1 ./?■•'•'■ ; ; i Miller.^-

BERRy-BEARiNO, OrtLch: Sec Mdl-

PERK V BLICKj*. . .

Ber-j', is thefamp with our bright; in
theLatin, illufiris and darus. So E.birt,
eiermilly famous or bright ; Sigberi , famous
■ ' eenquercr. And the who was termed by
the Gcrrhans Bertha, was fey the Greeks
called £ wi'v/rf, a,s is Qbfervcd 'by Lint'
frrfliiii'iis. ■ Of tKe'fame fort were thefe,
rhecJruSy EfipiSaKius, Photius, Lampri-
' dtiis, Fulgfiitius, Jllufirii.

■ ' ' Gibfon's CarttdiH.

BsfiTU. »./. (with failors.J See Birth.

B^'rtram.

e E S

"fcB'jtTRAM. «./. [pyretl^rum.'Ltit.'] Afort
of herb, called alfo baftard pellltory.

.Be'ryl. «. /. [berjllus, Lat.] A kind of
precious ftone.

May thy b':U<»trs roul.a(bore
The beryl and the golden ore. Viltoti.

The beryl of our lay .daries is only a fine <qrt ofj
cornelian, of a more deep bright red, fometimes-
with a caft of yellow, and more tranfparent than
the common cornelian. • H^indirard,.

To Bescre'en. i;. a. [irom fireen.] To
cover with a fcreen j to flielter ; to con-
ceal.

What man art thou, that thus befcreen'J in night,
So ftumbleft on my counfcl } Statejfedre.

To Bese'ech. t. a. pret. I btfougbt, I
have be/ought, [from j-ecan. Sax. ver-
Jbtken, Dutch.]

1 . To entreat ; to fuppHcate ; to implore :
fometimes before a perfon.

I heUub you, Sir, pardon me; it is only a letter
from my brother, that I have not all over-read.

Shakej^eare,

I btfeefb thee for my fon Onefimus, whom I
have begotten in my bonds. fhiUmnr., lo.

1, in the anguiflj of my heart, hejeich you
To quit the dreadful purpofc of your foul. jidJiJtn.

2. To beg ; to alk : before a thing.

But Eve fell humble, and te/ougbt
His peace, and thus proceeded in her plaint. Mihati.
Before I come to them, I befeecb your patience,
whim 1 fpeak fomething to ourtljves here prefent.

Sprait.
TV Bese'em. I/, n. [beziemen, Dutch.] To
become ; to be fit ; to be decent for.

What form of fpeech, or behaviour, bejumftb
us in our prayers to Almighty God ? liotkcrm

This overfight
Stfeani thee QOt, in witom fuch virtues fpring.

FaWfax,
Verona's ancitot citizens
Caft by their brave bejteming ornamcnti. Sbnlftff.

What thoughts he had, beftemt not me to fay j
Thaugh feme funnitc he went to faft and pray.

Drydenti

Be s e'en, part'uip. [from btjie. Skinner.
This word I have only found in Spenjir.]
Ad<-ipted; adjufted; becoming.

Forth came xhn ancient k)rd and aged queen,
Armed In antique robes down to the ground.
And fad habiliments right well bejeen. Fairy ^

Tc B t s e't. f . a. prct. I i^tt ; 1 have ie/tt.

[b>ip«an. Sax.]
I. To befie^e ; to hem in; to inclofe; as
with a fiege.

Fellow hjm that's fled ;
The thicket is bifii, he cannot 'fcape. Shakejpeari,

Now, Cxfar, let thy troops bejel our gates.
And bar each avenue

Catpilball opC}! to h:mfelf a palTagc. jfJdifiit.,

I know thou look'ft on me as on a wretch [

Bejet 'nith ills, and covct'd with misfortunes. |

Z. To waylay ; to furround.

Draw forth thy weapon, we 're befel with thieves ;
Refcue thy miftrefs. Stjieffeare

The only righteous in a world pervcrfe.
And thcirfore hated, therefor* (o bejel
With foes, for daring fingle to be juft. Millon

True fortitude I^ake ta be the quiet poileirioi
of a man's frlf, and an undifturbcd doing bis duty
whatever evil hei'm^ rrt dangerlies in his way. Locke^

3. To erabarrafs ; to perplex; to entangle
without anv means of efcape.

' Now, daugfiterSjIvia, you arc hard btjet. SJvH
Thus Adiun, toeelejel, rcpljr'd. .Mil'int

Sure, or I r-ad her vifage much wnifs^

Or grief b'/eis b«r hard. Kituc,

We be in this /world Ar/rr with Ciadry uncafu

n-iflis, diftrafled withidiffcicnt dcfjrcs. Lickt,

4. ToiiU upon; to kuais. Not ufed. •
..Voi-J,

But they him fpying, both with greedy fprce
At once upon him ran, and him befet
With ftrokes of mortal ihel. Fairy flueen.

To Beshre'w. 1/. a, [The original of
, this word is fomewhat obfcure : as it
evidently implies to nmjh ill, fome derive
it from hefchryen. Germ, to enchant.
Topjil, in his Book of Animah, deduces
it from thej<&rra; maufe, an animal, fays
he, fo poifonous, that its bite is a fe-
vere curfe. A Jbteiu likewife fignifies
a fcolding woman ; but its origin is not
known.]

1. To wifli a curfe to.

Nay, quoth the cock, but I befirtv) us both,
If I believe a faint upon his oath. DrydeiCt Fables.

2. To happen ill to.

BeShrtvi thee,coulin, which did'ft l?ad me forth
Of thatfwcet way 1 was in to defpair. Shokejpearc.

Now much i^rcw my manners, and my pride.
If Hermia meant to fay Lyfander lied. Shakefpeare.

Bes/di. ) rj-^^jj, ^^ and/./f.]

Besi des. ^ f t I. J i

1 . At the fide of another ; near.

Btjide the hearfc a fruitful palmtree grows,
Ennobled fince by tMs great funeral. Fairfax.
He caufed me to fit down befide him. Bacon.
At his right hand, Viftory
Sat eagle-wing'd : be/ije him hung his bow. Miltai.

Fair Lavinia fled the fire
Before the gods, and Aood bejide her fire. Vryden.

Fair is the kingcup that in meadow blows;
Fair is the daify that hefde her grows. Cay.

Now under hanging mountainsj
Bifide the falls of founta'uss.
Unheard, unknown.
He makes his moan* Pope.

2. Over and above.

Doubtlefs, in man there is a nature found,
Bejide thefenfes, and above them far. SirJ.Davies.

In brutes, brjidei the excrcife of fenfitive percep-
tion and imagination, - there are lodged iqftindts
antecedent to their imaginative faculty. Hale.

We may be fure there were great numbers of
wife and learned men, bejide thoie whofe names are
in theChriftian records, who touk care to examine
ourSaviour^s hiilory. j^ddijott onCbri/i. Religion.

Precepts of morality, bepdes the natural corrup-
tion of our tempers, are abftra£tcd from ideas of
fenfe. J^ddifon.

3. Not according to, though not contrary ;
as we fay, fome things are beJiJe nature,
fome are contrary to nature.

The Stoicks did hold a ncccHary connexion of

caufes; but they believed, that God doth adl

praur (S^ centra rtatur^mf pcfiJes zad againft na-^

ture.' Bramhalll

To fay a thing is a chance, as it relates to fecond

caofcs, ngnifics no more, than that there are fom4

events bejide the knowledge, purpofc, expectation,

am) power of fecond caufcs. South.

, Providence often difpofcs of things by a method

I b^idcy and above, the difcovcric:) of man's reafon. '

S'mth\

It is ^r^f my .prefent bafinefs to enlarge upon

thi* (peculatiurti LockA

4. Out of; in a ftate of deviating from. I

You arc too wilful blame, 1

And, itnce your coajunj; here, have done .

Enough to put him v^ixK^ btjide hi.? oatiencc. ^kal^

i)i yagabonds we fa^, I

"That thty are ne'er btfide thcl5 way. , Hitdikras,

Thcfc may. fervc aq landn^arks, ,to /hcw,wha|

lies in tlic di|;e^ ^ay of truth, or is quite bejid^

it. ivfc,

5. Before a. reciprocal pronoun, out of J
a^, htfide htmjeif; out of the order of ra*
tional beings ; out of his wits. !

Tliey be canicJ bejidft themfeli'CSf to whom the
dignlty.ofpul'lick prayer doth not difrover (bmcp
what moxc fitoefs in men of gravity, than m chil^

B E S

Only bcjiatient, till we have appeas'd
The multitude, bejide themfel-ves with fear. Shak.
-Feftus faid with a loud voice, Paul, thou art befide
ihyfrlfi much learjiing^doth make thee mad. ^l^t»
BeSi'dE. 7 J

Besi des. J '^

1 . lylote than that ; over and above.

If Cadio do remain.
He hath a daily beauty in his life.
That makes me ugly ; and, bejides, the Moor
May unfold me to him ; there ftand I in peril.

Shakijpeere,

Bejides, you know not, while you here attend,
Th' unworthy fate of your unhappy friend. Dryd.

That man that doth not know thnfe things,
which are of necefiity for him to know, is but an
ignorant man, whatever he may know befidcs.

Tillotfon,

Some wonder, that t(ic Turk never attacks thii
trealury. But, bejides that he has attempted it for-
merly with no fuccefs, it is ceruin the Venetians
keep too watchful an eye. Mdifon.

2. Not in this number ; out of this clafs ;
not included here.

The men £iid unto I.ot, HjUl thou here any be-
fides f Gevijii.

Outlaws and robbers, who break with all the
world bejides, muil keep faith among themfelves.

L9cke%

All that we feel of it, begins and ends
In the fmall circle of our foei or friends;
To all bejide as much an empty fliade.
An Eugene living, as a Cefar dead. Poftm

And dead, as living, 'tis our author's pride
Still to charm thofe who charm the world befide.

Pope.

Besi'dery. n. f. A fpecies of pear. '
To Besi'ece. v. a. \_(vom Jiigi.'\ To be-
leaguer ; to lay fiege to ; to befet with
armed forces ; to endeavour to win a
town or fortrefs, by furrounding it with
an army, and forcing the defendants,
either by violence or famine, to give
admifTion;

And he (hall bejiege thee in all thy gates, until thy
high and fenced walls come down. Deuteronomy.

The queen, with all the northern earls and lords.
Intends here to befiege you in your ciMt. Shakefp.
Besi'eger. n. /. [from befiege.] One
employed in a fiege.

There is hardly a town taken, in the common
forms, where the befiegers have not the worfe of
the bargain. Swift.

To Beslu'bber. v. a. [from JIubber.}
To dawb ; to fmear.

He perfuaded us to tickle our nofes with fpear-
grafs, and make them bleed ; and then bejiubber
oiir garments witli it, and fwear it was the blood
of true men. Shakejpeare.

To Besme'ar. v. a. [from y5»Mr.]

1 . To bedawb ; to overfpread with fome«
thing that flicks on. ""

He lay as in a dream of deep delight,
B,-fmear'd\v\lh precious balm, whofe virtuous might
ViA heal his wounds. Fairy Slueen.

That face of his 1 do remember wf 1! ;
Vet when I faw it lafl, it was befmear'd
As black as Vulcan. Sbakefpeari.

Firft Moloch, horrid king ! befmear'd with blood
Ofhumanfacrificc, and parents tears, Parad.Loft.

Her fainting hand let fall the fword, bcfmeari
With blood. Denbam.

Her gulhi'ng blood the pavement all befmear^d.

Drydeih

2. To foil ; to foul.

Mylhonour would not let ingratitude
• So much befmear it. Sbakefpeare.

To Besm i'rch.v. a. To foil ; todifcolour.
Not in ufe,

Pcrh-ips he loves you row.
And now no foil of cautel doth befmireb
the 'v'trtue of his wi H . Skaiefprar c.

' ■ •• ■ •*« - OftC

B E S

Our giyner< ami our gilt arc all it/mircfi
With rainy marching in the painful field. Shai,

To Besmo'ke. f. n. [fiom/moie.l

1. To foul with fmoke.

2. To harden or dry in fmbke.

Te Bbsmu't. v. a. [from /ntut.) To

blacken with fmoke or foot.
Be'som. ». / [b€j-m, btf)-ma. Sax.] An

inllrument to fweep with.

Bacon commended an old man that fold tefomt :
a proud young fellow came to him for a be/cm upon
truft J the old man faid. Borrow of thy back and
belly, they will never alk thee again ; 1 ihall dun
diee every day. Sacin.

I will fweep !t with the itfim of deftrudion,
faith the Lord of bofis. IJaiah, xiv. si..

fcBESo'RT. -v. a. [fromy»r/.] To fuit;
to fit; to become.

Such men a« may iefirt your age,
And know thcmfelves and you. Sbokejteare,

Beso'rt. a. /. [from the verb.] Com-
pany; attendance; train.

I crave fit difp )fition for my wife.
With fucb accommodation and befirtf
As levels with her breeding. Sbahffiare,

7i Beso't. v. a. [from_^/.]

1. To infatuate ; to (lupify ; to dull ; to
take away the fenfes.

Swinifh gluttony
Ne'er looki to heav'n amidft his gorgeous feaft,
Sut, with htfotud bafe ingratitude.
Crams, and biafphemes hit feeder. Mihtn,

Or fools hijatttd with their crimes.
That know nut how to ihift betimes. HuJiirai.

He is tiJilleJ, and has loft h:s reafun ; and what
then can there be for religioa to take hold of him
by ? South.

2. To make to doat, with on. Not much
nfed.

Paris, you fpeak
Like one tefittej » your fweet delights. Sbakiff.

Truft not thy beauty ; but rellore the prize
Which he, hjoiiid an that face and eyes,
Would rend from uj. Dryden.

Beso'ught. [freteritt 3ni part. pajhie of
bejtecb ; which fee.]

Haften to appeafe
Th* incenfed Father, and th' incenfed Son,
Wbike pardon may be found, in time tefetght.

milieu.
?« B E SF a'n c l e . i;. o. [ from fpangU. ] To
adorn with fpangles^ (o befprinkle with
ibmeUong fiiioing.

Not Berenice's locks firft rofe fo bright,
The heav'nsj,^a|;yi»j with diflievell'd light. Ptft,
Vo Bespa'tter. <v. a. \ixovaJpatter.'\
J. 1 0 foil by throwing filth; to fpot or
fprinkle with dirt or water.

Thofe who will not take vice in(« their bofoms,
ftall yet have it kijftttcr their faces.

Cwtrnment of thaiTangue.

His weajMns are the fame »hich women and
children ule ; a pin to fcratch, and a fquitt to ^i:-
fitatler. Sviift.

2. To afperfe with reproach.

Fair B.it.iin, in the monaich bleft
Whom never faflion culd beifatttr. Sivift
To Beipa'wl. i». a. [from_/^«a»;/.] To

dawb with fpittle.
Te Besfk'ak. 1/. a. he/poke, or he/pake; 1

ha.vs he/poke, or he/poken. [frvrafpeak.l
1. To order, or entreat any thing be-
forehand, or againft a future time.

If you will marry, make your loves to me;
My lady is hiffokt. Shakefftare

Here is the cap your worrtiip did btjfiai. Shak.

Wiien Baboon came to Strutt's eftarc, his tradi f-
nen wilted upon him to^r/^.c/thiscullom. Ariuii.

A heavy wr'tcr was to be encouraged, and ac-
cosdingiy many tboufaod cofics wue^^oAirt Svijfi'

B E S

a. To make way by a previous apology.

My preface looks as if 1 were afraid of my
reader, by fo tedious a bt/feaiing of him. Dryjtit.

3. To forbode ; to tell fofflething before-
hand.

They ftarted fears, btffoki dangers, and formed
ominous prognollicks, in order to (care the allies.

Swift.

4. To fpeak to ; to addrefs. This fenfe
is chiefly poetical.

With hearty words her knight (he 'gan to cheer,
And, in her modeft manner, thus be/fake.
Dear knight. Fairy Sluein.

At length with indignation thus he broke
His awful filence, and the powers beffckt. Dryden.

Then Raring on her with a ghaftly look.
And hollow voice, he thus the queen biJpoke.Dryd.

5 . To betoken ; to fliow.

When the abbot of St. Martin was born, he
had fo little of tlje figure of a man, that it beffokc
him rather a monfter. Locke.

He has difpatch'd me hence.
With orders that be/peak a mind compos'd. jiddij.

Bespe'aker. n. /. [from ie/peak.} He
that befpeaks any thing.

They mean not with love to the be/f taker of
the work, but delight in the work itfelf. f^'otun.

To Bespe'ckle. -v. a. \iromfpeckk.'\ To

mark with fpeckles, or fpots.
To Bespe'w. f. a. [from^nv.] To dawb

with fpew or vomit.
To Bespi'ce. 1). a. [{romfpict.l Tofeafon

with fpices.

Thou might'ft Itjpke a cup

To give mine enemy a lading wink. Stakeffeare.
To Bespi't. f. a. I ie/pat, or befpit ; I

have be/pit, or befpitten. [from^/V.] To

dawb with fpittle.
Bespo'ke. \irreg. particip. from be/peak ;

which fee.]
T^Bespo't. v. a. [fromjpot.] To mark

with fpots.

Mildew refts on the wheat, brfpctt'mg the ftalks

with a different colour from the natural. Mirimir.

To Bespre'ad. w. a. preter. bejpread ;

part. pafl". befpread. [from Jjpread.'] To

fpread over ; to cover over.

His nuptial bed,

With curious needles wrought, and painted

flowers be/freed. Drydin.

The globe is equally befpread i fo that no place

wants proper inhabitants. Derbam.

To Bespri'nkle. v. a. [from ^r/n^/«.]
To fprinkle over ; to fcatter over.

Herodotus imitating the father poet, whofe life
he had written, hath btffrinUid his ;Vork with
many fabulofities. Brvwn.

A purple flood
Flows from the trunk, that welters in the Mood :
The bed befprmkles, and bedews the ground. Dryd.

To Bespu'tter. "v. a. {horn/putter.] To
fputter over fomethiug ; to dawb any
thing by fputtering, or throwing out
fpittle upon it.

BtST. adj. ihe/uferlati've-fromgood.[htT,
betepa, betp:, good, better, beft,
Saxon.]

I. Moll good; that which has good qua-
lities in the higheft degree.

And he will take your fields, even the bejl of
them, and give them to hiis fervants. i 5flm.viii.14.

When the bijf things are not polUblc, the irji
may be made of thofe that are. lluker.

When he is icjl, he is little more than a man )
and when he is worft, he is little better than a
beaft. Shaiefpmre.

1 think it a good argument to fay, the infin't ly
wife God hath made it (0, and therefore it is biji.
But it i« too much c«B&deacc 9t «v>r owa wifdow,

B E S

to fay, I thiolc it heft, and therefore Cod bMh

made it fo. Lacke.

An evil intention perverts the hefi adions, and

makes them fins. jidJife*,

2. Thebefi. The utmoft power; the ftrong-
eft endeavour ; the moft j the higheft
perfeftion.

I profefs not talking: only this.

Let each man do his befl. Shaktfptan,

The duke did his be^ to come down. Bacon.

He docs this to the befi of his power. Locke.

My friend, faid he, our fport is at the btft, Addif.

3. To make the beft. To carry to its
greatcft perfeAion ; to improve to the
utmofl.

Let there be freedom to carry their commodities
where they may make the hefi of them, except there
be fome fpecial caufe of caution. Bacon.

His father left him an hundred drachmas ; Al-
nafchar, in order to make the bifi of it, laid it out
in glafles. Addifon,

We fet fail, and made the btf of our way, till we
were forced, by contrary winds, into St. Remo.

Addifon,

BzsT, ad'v. [fromttv//.] In the higheft de-
gree of goodnefs.

He Ihall dwell in that place which he fiiall choole,
in one of thy gates, where it liketh him btfl.

Dew. xxiii. i6«

Best is fometimes ufed in compofition.

Thefe latter hrfi-be truft fpics had fome of them
further inllruflions, to draw oft" the bsft friends
and fervants of Perkin, by making remonftranccs
to them, how weakly his euterprize and hopes
were built. Bacon.

By this law of loving even our enemies, the
chriftian religion difcovers itfelf to be the moll ge-
nerous and bcft-natured inflitution that ever was ia
the world. TiHotfon,

ToBesta'in. -v. a. [fromy?a/«.] To mark
with ftains ; to fpot.

We will not line his thin befiained cloke
With our pure honours. Sbaktfpeare.

To Beste'ad. 'V. a. I bejied ; I have
befted. [fiom ftead.'\

1 . To profit.

Hence, vain deluding joys!
The brood of folly, without father bttd;

How little you befttad.
Or fill the fixed mind with al| your toys ! Millon.

2. To treat ; to accommodate. This
(hould rather be befted.

They flia.l pafs through it hardly befiead, and
hungry. Ifaiab.

Be'stial. adj. [from beaft.'}

1. Belonging to a beaft, or to the clafs of
beafts.

His wild diforder'd walk, his haggard eye«.
Did all the Af^W citizens furprize. Dryden.

2. Having the qualities of beafts ; brutal ;
below the dignity of reafon or humani-
ty ; carnal.

I have loft the immortal part of myfelf, aid
what rejnains is hrftial. Sbakeffeare' 1 Oibelht

Moreover urge his hateful luxury.
And biftial appetite, in change of luft. Sbakefp,

For thofe, the race of.Ifracl oft forfook
Their living ftrength, and unfrequented left
His righteous altar, bowing lowly down
To beftial gods. Mi/ton,

The things promlfed arc not grofs and carnal,
fuch as may court and gratify the moft biftial part
of us. Decay of Piety.

Bestia'hty. n. /. [from beftial.] The
quality of beafts; degeneracy from hu-
man nature.

What can be a greater abfurdity, than to aflSmn
beftiality to be the eflcnce of humanity, and dark-

' nefs th« center of light i , , , ,

jbbulbM find Fope'i Mart. Scnil.

Be'sxjaLly.

B E S

BE'sTIAUtV. adv. [from iejlinl.] Bru-
tally ; in a manner below humanity.

To Besti'ck. -v. a. preter. I beftuck \ I
\\^st befiuck. [from_/?/V^.] To iHck over
with any thing ; to mark any thing by
infixing points or pots hero and there.

Truth (liall retire,
Jicjiuck with flanderous d^rts ; ^nd works of faith
Rarely to be found. Milton,

To Besti'r. a». a. [fromy?i>.]

1. To put into vigorous aftion. It is
feldom ufed otherwife than with the re-
ciprocal pronoun.

As when men wont to watch
On duty, deeping found by whom they dread,
Rouze and btjlir thmjtl-va ere well awake. Milton.

Bijiirt ber [hen, and from each tender ftalk
Whatever earth, all-bearing mother, yields,
She gathers. Miltcn.

But, as a dog that turns the fpit,
BtJIiri hbnfilf, and plies his feet
To climb the wheel, but all in vain.
Hit own weight brings him down again. Hudiiras.

What aileth them, that they muft needs iiflir
themfeliut to get in air, to maintain the creature's
life » _ Ray.

2. It is ufed by Sbakeffeart with a common
word.

I am fcarce in breath, my lord.— No marvel
yoo have fo h/fiirrid your valour, you cowardly
rafcal ! Sbakcjftart.

To BESTO'Wi f. a. {befieden, Dutch.]

1. To give; to confer upon: commonly
with upon.

All men would willingly have yielded him
p»ife ; but hit nature was fuch ai to btftno it
ufon himfelf, before any could give it. Sidney.

All the dedicated things of the houfe of the Lord
did they beft/ta upon Baalim. 2 Cbriinulei, xj\y. 7.

2. Sometimes with to.

Sir Julius Carfar had, in his office, the difpofition
of the fix clerks places j which he had beflnoid ta
fuch perfons as he thought lit. Ciareitdon.

3. To give as charity or bounty.

Our Saviour dnch plainly witncfs, that there
fliould not be as much as a cup of cold water be-
p-jyird for his fake, without reward. Hxkir.

And though he was unfatisficd in getting.
Which was a fin ; yet in bcfl<Aving, maJam,
He was naoH princely. Sbaitffeare.

Spain to your gift alone her Indies owes ;
For what the powerful takes not, he bejliwt. Dry J,

You always exceed expectations : as if yours
was not your own, but to bejlnv on wanting merit.

Dryden.

4. To give iH marriage.

Good rev'rcnd father, make my perfon yours ;
And tell me how you would i^«v yourfelf. Shak.

I could have bc/lo-wtJ her upon a fine gentle-
man, who extremely admired her. TuiUi,

5. To give as a prefent.

Pure oil and incenfe on the fire they throw,
And fat of vidtims which his friends brflov). Dryd.

6. To apply.

The fea was not the duke of Marlborough's
element j otherwife the whole force of the war
woul J infallibly ha\e been bfjimttd there. Sivift.

7. To layout upon.

And thou ihalt brjino that money for whatfoever
thy foul luileth after, for oxen, flieep, or for wine.

Devt, xiv, 16.
S. Td lay up ; to (low ; to place.

And when he came t'j the Tower, he took thcin
from their h.ind, and btji'^ived them in the lioufe.
2 Kitjirij V. 24.

Besto'wer. ff.y; [from be/}o--M.] (3iver ;
he that confers any thing ; difpofer.

They all agree in making one foprcme God ;
•nd that there are fevcral beings that are to be
worrtiipped under him 5 (nmt ai the brjli/tveri ot
tlsanet, but fubordinate to the Svpnme. StiUin^JI.

BET

Best R a'u g h t. particip. [Of this fartkt-
ph I have not found the verb ; by ana-
logy we may derive it from beftraH ; per-
haps it is corrupted from diftraught .^
Di drafted ; mad ; out of one's fenfes ;
out of one's wits.

Alk Marian, the fat afewifc, if ihe knew me

not. What ! I am not hejiraugbt. Shakefpearr.

7ff Best re'w. m. a. particip. pafl". bcjireij-

ed, or beftroivn. [frora_y?rfav.] Tofprin-

kle over.

So thick biftrKvn,
Abjeft and loft lay thcfe, covering the flood. Milt.
To Bestri'de. 'V. a, I bejlrid; I have be-
firid, or bejiriddtn. [from ftride.'\

1 . To ftride over any thing ; to hare any
thing between one's legs.

Why, man, he doth bcflridc the narrow world
Like a coloiTus. Sbakcfpcare.

Make him bejiride the ocean, and mankind
Alk his confent to ufe the fca and wind. U^aUer,

2. To ftep over.

That I fee thee here.
Thou noble thing ! more dances my rapt heart.
Than when I firft my wedded miftrefi faw
Brftride my threlhold. Shakefftare.

3. It is often ufed, in the confequential
fenle, for to ride on.

He bejiridei the lazy pacing clouds.
And fails upon the bofom of the air. Shahjpure.

That horfe, that thou fo often haft brfind ;
That horfe, that I fo carefully have drefs'd. Sbak.

Venetians do not more uncouthly ride.
Than did theirlubber ftate mankind bijiride. Dryd.

The bounding fteed you pompoufly btjiride
Shares with bit lord the pleafure and the pride.

foft.

4. It is ufed fometimes of a man (landing
over fomething which he defends : the
prefent mode of war has put this fenfe
out of ufe.

He btjirid
An o'erprefs'd Roman, and i' th' confol's view
Slew three oppofers : Tarquin's felf he met.
And ftruck him o;i his knee:. Sbakijfeare.

If thou fee me down in the battle, and bejtride
me, fo ; 'tis a point of friendfliip. Siakejfeare.

He doth beflride a bleeding land,
Cafping for life under great Bolingbroke. Shak.

To Bestu'd. v. a. [from^W.] To adorn
withfiudj, or ftiining prominences.

Th' unfought diamonds
Would fo emblaze the forehead of the deep.
And fo bfjiud with ftars, that they below
Would gruw inur'd to light. Mi/ten.

BET. »./ [pebbian, to wager; peb, a wa-
ger. Sax. from which the etymologifts
derive ief. I (hould rather imagine it
to come from betan, to mend, increafe,
or better, as a bet increafes the ori-
ginal wager.] A wager; fomething laid
to be won upon certain conditions.

The hoary fool, who many days
Has (Irugglcd with contlnutd forrow,
Renews his hope, And blindly lays
The defp'rare bet upon to-morrow. Prior.
Hit pride was in piquette,
Newmarket fame, and judgment at a bet. Pope.

To Bet, f. a. [from the noun.] To wa-
ger ; to ftake at a wager.

He drew a good bow : and dead } John of
Gaunt loved h'un well, and iittid much upon his
head. Sbakejftart.

He flies the court for want of clothes ;
Cries out 'gainft cocking, fincc he cannot htt,

£in Jsnfin.

The god, unhappily engag'd,
Complain'd, and iigh'd, and cry'd, aad fretted.
Loft (Very cwtbly thing he bttttd, fritr.

B E 1*

Bet. The old preterite of beat.

He ftaid for a better hour, till the hammeT hal

wrought ani bet the party more pliant. Bjan*
To BetVke. <v. a. preter. I betook ; part.

pafl". betaken, [from take.^

1 . To take ; to feize r an obfolete fenfe.

Then to his hands that writ he did betake.
Which he dikliling read. Spenfer.

2. To have recourfe: to : with the recipro-
cal pronoun.

The adverfe party betaking itfelf to fuch prac-
tices as men embrace, when they behold things
brought to defperate extremities, Hooktr,

Thou tyrant !
Do not repent thefe things ; for they are heavier
Than all thy woes can ftir : therefore heiake ihte
To nothing but defpaij-. Sbakefftarl,

The reft, in imitation, to like arms
Betook them, and the neighbouring hills up tore.

Milton.

3. To apply : with the reciprocal pronoun.

With Cafe fuch fond chimeras we purfue.
As fancy frames for fancy to fubdue s
But when curfelves to aftion we betake.
It fliuns the miat, like g»ld that chynifts make.

Dryden*

As my obfervations have been the light where-
by 1 have fteered my courl'e, fo I betake myfelf to
them again. Woodtuari.

4. To move ; to remove.

Soft (he withdrew ; and, like a wo»d nymph light.
Oread or Dryad, or of Delia's train,
Betook her to the groves. ^ Miltcn,

They both betook them fereral ways;
Both to deftroy, Milton.

To Bete'em. v. a. [from /««,] To bring
forth ; to bellow ; to give.

So would I, faid th' enchanter, glad and fain
Seteem to you his fword, you to defend j
But that this weapon's pow'r I well have ken'd.
To becontrary to thcworkthat ye intend. Fairy ^

Rain, which I could well
Seteem them from the tempeft of mine eyes. Shak.
To Bethi'nk. v. a. I bethought ; I have
bethought, [from th'ink.^ To recal to re-
fleftion ; to bring back to confidera-
tion, or recolleftion. It is generally
ufed with the reciprocal pronoun, an«[
of before the fubjeft of thought.

They were fooner in danger than they could al-
moft bethink themfelvei o/change. Sidney,

I have bethought me of another fault. Shaktjf.

I, beticr bethinking myfelf, and mifliking hit
determination, gave liim this order. Raleigh.

He himfelf,
Infatiablc of glory, had loft all ;
Vet 0/' another plea bethought him foon. Mitlsn.

The nets were laid, yet the birds could never
bethink themfelvti, till hamjiered, and paft recovery,

L^E/frange,

Cherippus, then in time yourfelf bethink,
And what your rags will yield hy auAion fink* Dryd.

A little confideration may allay his heat, an4
make him bethink himfelf, whether this attempt ba
worth the venture. Locke.

BE'THLEHEM, ». /, [See Bedlam,]
An hofpical for lunaticks,

Be'thlkhemitk, », /, [See Bedlam-
ite.] A lunatick ; an inhabitant of
a madhoufe.

Betho'ught, particip. [from hetbink i
which fee.]

7« Bethra L, 1/. <», [from thraJl.'] Ta
enilave ; to conquer j to bring into fub->
jeftion.

No let that wicked woman 'fcape away,
For (he it is that did my lord beihial. Shakcfpeare.
TsBethu'mp, v, a. [from thump.] To
beat ; to lay blows upon : a ludicrou
word,

A a » I WH

BET

1 VMS nerer (o iahvnipt with «orJ>«
Since Aril 1 calld my brother'j father dad. Shak.
T» Reti'db. v. n. preu // betidtd, or
bttid r put. pair, betid, [from lib. Sax.
See Tide.]

1. To happen to ; to befal ; to bechance,
whether good or bad : with tlie peribn.

Said he then to the palmer, rtvciend fire,
WbH great miafonune hailk baid this knigh: ?

Sftnpr.

But fay, if our ddWcrer up to beav'n
Muft reakend, what will betid* the few.
His faithful, left among th' unfaithful herd,
The furniies of truth ? Milton.

2. Sometimes it has to.

Neither know I
What U Utid It Cloten j but remain
Perplext in all. Shaiefptare.

3. To come to pafs ; to fall out ; to hap-
pen : without the perfon.

She, when her turn was come ha tale to tell.
Told of a ftrange adventure that ieiidtd
Betwixt the fox, and th' ape by him mifguided.

Sfinfir.
In winter's tedious nights, fit by the fire
WSth good old folks, and let them tell thee talcs
Of woeful ages, long ago betid. Shakifftari.

Let me hear from thee by letters
Of thy fuccefs in love ; and what news elfe
Stiidtib here in abfence of thy friend. Shakeff.

4. To become ; to be the fate : with of.

If he were dead, what would betide of thee ?

Shokejptare.

Beti'mb. lad-v. [from ^and time; that
Beti'mes. J is, by the proper time.]

1. Seafonably; early; before it is late.

Send fuccoun, lords, and ftop the rage betitiK.

Shaktj'ftare.
To meafure life learn thou ietimet, and know
Toward folid gosd what leads the nearcft vw. Mi/i.

2. Soon ; before long time has pafled.

Whiles they are weak, *«/<«« withthjm contend j
For when they once to perfeQ ftrength do grow.
Strong wars they majce. Sfenfrr.

He tires betimes, that fpur; too fiaft betimtt. Sbak.

There be fome hawe an over early ripenefs in
their years, which fadeth betimes : thefe arc firtt,
fuch as have brittle wio, the edge whereof is foon
turned. Bacon.

Remember thy Creator in the days of thy youth ;
that is, enter apon a religious courfe betimei. TilhtJ.

Shoit ib the date, alas ! of modern rhymes ;
And 'tis hut juft to let them live betimes, Pcfe.

3. Early in the day.

He that drinks all night, and is hanged betimes
in the morning, may fleep the founder next day.

Shakcffeare.

They rofe beiisnes in the morning, and offered

facrifice. i Mace. iv. 51.

Bb'tlb. la./, [pipe aduherinum.l An

Be'tre. 3 Indian plant, called water

pepper. DiS.

7» Beto'ken. 1/. a. [{torn token.]

1. To fignify ; to mark ; to reprefent.

We know not wherefore churchei Oiould be the
vrorfe, if, at this time, when they are delivered
into God'i own poffeflion, ceremonies fit to betoken
fuch intents, and to accompany fuch anions, be
nfuaU Hotktr.

A dewy cloud, and in the cloud a bow
Confpicuous with three lifted colours gay,
Betokening peace from God. Afi/teit.

2. To forcftiow ; to prefignify.

The kindling azure, and the mountain's brow
Illum'd with fluid gold, his near approach
Bdokcn glad. Tbomjin.

Be'tony.». yl [betoniea, hi.t.'] A plant,
greatly efteemed as a vulnerary herb.

Msller.
BiTo'oK. [irrtg, fret, frojn betake ; which
fee.]

BET

T» Beto'm v. a. [from to/t.] To diftarb ;
to agitate ; to put into violent motion.

What faid my man, when my iei^ffcd foul
Did not attend him as we rode r Sbake^tare.

To BETRA-Y. v. a. [trabir. Fr.]

1 . To give into the hands of enemies by
treachery, or breach of trull : with to
before the perfoo, otherwife into.

If ye be cume to betray me to mine enemiea,
feeing there is no wrong in mine hands, the Cod
' of our fathers look thereon, and rebuke it.

1 Chroniclei.

Jefus faid unto them. The Son of man (hall

be betrayed into the hands of men. Manheiu.

I For fear of nothing elfe but a betraying of the

I fuccours vrhich reafon oA<9i:th. IVifiUm.

' He was not to be won, either by promife or

reward, to betray the city. Knolles.

2. To difcover that which has been en-
trufted to fecrecy.

3. To expofe to evil by revealing fome-
thing entrufted.

How would'll thou again betray me,
Bearing my words and doings to the Lord ! Milt.

4. To make known fomething that were
better concealed.

Be fwift to hear, but be cautious of your tongue,
left you betray your ignorance. IVatls.

;. To make liable to fall into fomething
inconvenient.

His abilities created him great confidence ; aad
this was like enough to betray him /n great errours.

Kitig Charles.
The bright genius is ready to be fo forward, as
often bttrays itielf i»/« great errours in judgment.

H^atis.

6. To Ihow ; to difcover.

Ire, envy, and defpair.
Which marr'd his bwrow'd vifage, and bttray''d
Him counterfeit, if any eye beheld. Jaillon.

The Veian and the Gabian tow'rs fltall fall,
And one promifcuous ruin cover all j
Nor, after length of years, a ftone betray
The place where once the very ruins lay. Mdifui.

Bzt^a'yes.. It./, [from ^«r<ty.] He that
betrays ; a traitor.

The wife man doth fo fay of fear, that it is
a betrayer of the forces of reafonable underftand

mg.

Hooker.

You caft down your courage through fi;ar, the
iefrjyer of all fuccours which reafon can afford.

Sir y. Haytvard.

They are only a few betrayers of their country ;

they are to purchafe coin, perhaps at half price,

and vend it among us, to the ruin of the publick.

Sivifi.
To Betri'm. t. a. [from/r/m.] Todeck ;
to drefs ; to grace ; to adorn ; lO em-
bell ifli ; to beautify ; to decorate.

Thy banks with pioiicd and twilled brims.
Which fpungy April nt thy heft hetrims.
To make cold nvmfhs cha'tc crowns. Sbakejp.
To Betro'th. ■v. a. [from troth; le-
troweit, Dutch.]

1. To contraft to any one, in order to
marriage ; to afEance : ufed either of
men or women.

He, in the firft flower of my frelheft age.
Betrothed me unto the only heir
Of a raoft mighty king, moll rich and fage.

Spenjer.
To her, my lord.
Was I betrothed, ere 1 Hermia faw. Shakcffeare.

By foul's publick piomife (he
Was foKI then, »nd hcrnth'd to V.Qory. Cowley.

2. To have, as affianced by promife of
marriage.

And what man is there that hath beirotked a
wife, and hath not taken her ? 1« him go and re-
turn into his houfe. Dtuteronony .

BET

3. To nominate to a bilhoprick, in order
to confecration.

If any perfon be confecrated a bifliop to that
church, whereunto he was not before beirothrd, be
ftrall not receive the habit of confecration, as not
being canonically promoted. ^liS*'

To Betru'st. 11. a. [from tru/l.] To en-
truft ; to put into the power of another,
in confidence of fidelity.

Betruft him with all the good which our own
capacit) will allow us, or his fufficiency encourage
us, to h«pe for, either in this life, or that to come.

Grew,

Whatfoever you would betrufi to your memory,
let it be difpofed in a proper method. ffattt,

Be'tter. <m)'. The comparative oi good.
[bet, good, becepa, better. Sax.] Hav-
ing good qualities in a greater degree
than fomething elfe. See Gooo.

He has a horlc better than the Neapoliun's ; a
better bad habit of frowning than the count Pada-
tinc. Shakeff. Mtrch, of yenite,

I have feen better faces in ray time.
Than ftand on any fiioulders that 1 fee
Before ftie at this inftant. Shakcffeare,

Having a defire to depart, and be with Chrift ;
which is far better, B hi/if fiani.

The Bb'tter.

1. The fuperiority ; the advantage : with
the particle c/" before him, or that, over
which the advantage is gained.

The Corinthians, that morajng, as the days
before, had the better. Sidney,

The voyage of Drake and Hawkins wa» un-
fortunate ; yet, in fuch fort, as doth not break
our prefcription, to have had the better of the Spa-
niards. Bacem,

Dionyfius, his countryman, in an epiftle to
Pompey, after an exprefs comparifon, affords h'un
the better of Thucydiocs. Broun 1 t^ulg. Errours,

You think fit
To get the better of me, and you fliall ;
Since you will have it fo— I will be yours.

Soiiihente,

The gentleman had always fo much ilx better of
the fatirift, that the perlbns touched did not know
where to fix their refcntment. Pritr,

2. Improvement} \i, for the better, fo as
to improve it.

If 1 have akered him any where ySr the bttttrt
I nmft at the fame time acknowledge, that I
could have done nothing without him. Dry den,

Bb'tter. adv. [comparative of <weIL^
Well, in a greater degree.

Then it was better with me than now. Hofea,

Better a mechanick rule were ftrccched or bro»
ken, than a great beauty were omitted. Dryden,

The belter to underftand the extent of our
knowledge, one thing is to be obfcrved. Lccke,

He that would know the idea of infinity, cannot
do tetter, than by cnnfidering to what infinity i«
attributed. Lickt,

To Be'tter. v. a. [from the noun.]

I. To improve ; to mcVorate.

The c;mfe of his taking upon him our nature,
was to bitter the quality, and to advance the con-,
dition thereof. Hooker.

He is furnilhed with my opinion, which ia
bettered with his own learning. Shakcffeare,

Heir to all his lands and goods.
Which I have better d, rather than dccrcas'd. Siak.

But Jonathan, to whom both hearts were known.
With well-rlm'd zeal, and with an artful care,
Reftor'd and belter''d foon the nice affair. Cowley,

The church of England, the pureft and beft re-
formed cliurch in the world ; fo well reformed,
that it will be found eafier to alter than bilur its
conftitution. South,

The Romans took pains to hew out a paffage
for thefe lakes to difcharge themfelves, for the bet-
lerinr of the ait, ' Addipn.

2. To

BET

a. To furpafs ; to exceed.

The works of nature do always ilm at ttiat
which cannot be heitered* Hoakcr,

He hath borne himfeif beyond the promife of
bis age j he hach, indeed, better bittertd expecta-
tion, than you muft expedt of me to tell you.

Shakeffeare.
What you do
Still titteri what is done j when you fpealc fwcet,
l*d have you do it ever> iibakejpean,

3. To advance ; to fupport.

The king thought his lionour would fuffer,
during a treaty, to better a party. Baccn,

Be'tter. n./. [from the adjeftive.] Su-
perior; one to whom precedence is to
be given.

Their tellers would be hardly found, if they did
not live am^ng men, but in a wildeinefs by them-
fclves. Hnler.

The courtefy of nations allows you my better,
in that y.'U arc the lirll-born. Sbateffearc,

That ye thus Kol'pitably live,
"Is mighty grateful to your betttrsy
Aai makes e'en gods tfaemfelves your debtors.

Prhr.

1 have fame gold and filver by me, and Aiall be
able to make a iliift, when many of my bellen are
liarving. Sivift.

Be'ttor. ». /. [from To bet.'] One that
lays bets or wagers.

1 obiesved a llraiiger among them of a gentcelcr
behaviour than ordinary ; but, notwithllanding he
wa^ a very fair bettor, nobody would take him up.

Be'ttv. »./. [probably a cant word, fig-
nifying an inllrument which does what
is too often done by a maid within.] An
inllrument to break open doors.

Kecord the ftrjCagems, the ardjous exploits,
and the noflumal (calades of needy heroes, de-
fcrioing the powerful betty, or the artful picklock.

^rburbnct.

J^stwe'en. fref, [bec]9eonan, becpman,
Saxon ; from the original word %pa,
^wfl.]

1. In the intermediate fpace.

What modes
Of fmell the headlong lionefs bitvjeen,
And hound fagacious on the tainted green ? Pope.

2. From one to another : noting inter-

courfe.

He fliould think himiclf unhippy, if things
fliould go fo benvfen them, as he thouid not be
able tu acquit himtelf »/ ingratitude towards them
bnfh. Ba*cn,

3. Belonging to two in partnerfliip.

I aik, whether Cailor and Pollux, with only
one foul beiveen thtro, which thinks and perceives
in one whit the other is never confciout ot, are
not two diftin^ pcrfons ? Lttke.

4. Bearing relation to two.

If there be any dilcord or fuits bettveen them
and any of the family, they arc compounded and
tfpprafed. Baccn,

Friendlhip requires, chat it be batveen two at
leaft } and there can be no friendlhip w;icre there
arc not two fnends. South,

5. Noting difference, ordiftindion of one
from the other.

Their natural conllitutions put fo wide a diffe-
rence betiveta fome men, that art would never
maftcr. Locke.

Children quickly diflinguilh betvieen what is
rcquiied of them, and what not. Locke.

6. Beiiiuen b properly ufed of two, and
among of more ; but perhaps this accu-
racy is not always preferved.

'Bi.TV.'iXT . prep, [bcrpyx, Saxon, It has
the fame lig-rficLition with iettutta, and
u indiiTereatl/ ufcd for it.]

B E W

1. In themidft of two.

Hard by, a cottage chimney fmokes
From betwixt two aged oaks. Ml/ton.

Metbinks, like two blade ftorm^, on cither
hand,
Our Spanijh army and your Indians Hand ;
This only place betwixt the clouds is clear. Drjiti,

If contradiftLng interefts could he mixt.
Nature herfelf has call a bar betwixt. Dryden.

2. From one to another.

Five years fince there was fome fpeech of mar-
riage
Betv>ixt myfelf and her, Shakejpeare.

Be'vel. In, y; In mafonry and joinery.

Be'vil.j a kind of fquare, one leg of
which is frequently crooked, according
to the fweep of an arch or vault. It is
moveable on a point or centre, and fo
may be fet to any angle. An angle that
is not fquare, is called a bevil angle,
.whether it be more obtufe, or more
acute, than a right angle. Build. Dia.

Their houfcs are very ill built, their walls bc.iil,
without one right angle in ajiy apartment. Sivift.

To Be'vel, 1/. a. [from the noun.] To cut
to a bevel angle.

Thefe rabbets are ground fquare ; but the rab-
bets on the groundfel arc bevelietl downwards, that
rain m.<y thi freelier fall off. Moxon.

Be'ver. See Beaver.

Be'verace. »./ [from ievtre, to drink,

Ital.]
I. Drink ; liquor to be drank in general.

1 am his cupbearer ;
If from me he have wholefome bnereg*.
Account me not your lervanC. Sbakifpeare,

Grains, puifcs, and all forts of fruit», cither
bread or beverage may be made almoft o^ all.

Brcmint Vulgar Errours.

A pleafant beverage he prcpar'd before
Of wine and honey mix'd. Dryden.

The coarfe lean gravel on the mountain fides
Scarce dewy bevrage for the bees provides. Dryd.

I. Bmerage, or water cyder, is made by
putting the mare into a fat, adding
water, as you defire it ftronger or fmal-
ler. The water fhould ftauJ forty-eight
hours on it, betoic; you prefs it ; when
it is preHcd, tun it up immediately.

Mortimer.

3. A treat upon wearing a new fuit of
clothes.

4. A treat at firft coming into a prifon,
called alfo garnijh.

Be'vy. n.f. [iei:a, Ital.]

I. A flv5ck of birds.

1. A company ; an afiembly.

And in th;; midft thereof, upon the floor,
A Icvely be^y of fair ladies fat.
Courted of many a jolly paramour. Fairy S^een,

They on the plain
Long had not walk'd, when, from the tents, behold
A bevy of fair women, Miltor,

Nor rode tije nymph alone ;
Around a bevy of bright da:ofels flione. Pope.

To Bewa'il. v. a. [from txiail.] To be-
moan; to lament ; to exprefs forrow for.

In this city he
Hath widow'd and unchilded many a one.
Which to this hour bewail the injury. Sbakejp.

Yet wifcr Ennius gave command to all
His fricodi, not to bewail his funeral.

Sir Jobn Denbam.

I cannot but bewail, as in their hril principles,

tiie mifcrics and calamities of our children. AddiJ,

To Bewa'il. v. n. To exprefs grief.

Thy ambition.
Thou fcatlet fin, robb'd this hcwailing land
Of noble Budunghaot, tax tathcr-in-law. Sbak,

BE W

To Bewa're, tt, n, [from b( and txiecrey or
ivarj ; that is, cautious : thus, in an old
treatile, I have found be ye ware. See
Wary. liepapiaii, Saxon; oyor^r. Da-
nifli.]

1, To regard with caution; to be fufpi-
cious of danger from : generally the
particle of goes before the thing which
excites caution.

You muft^rti^flrt-c/" drawing or painting cjouds,
winds, ami thunder, towards the bottom of your
piece. Dryden.

Every one ought to be very careful to beiQare
what he admits for a principle. Locke,

Warn'd by the fylph, oh pious maid, beware!
This to difclofe is all thy guardian can j
Betvare r,f ?\:^ h'wx. mo{i beware of md.t\. Pope,

2. It is obfervable, that it is only ufed in
fuch forms of fpeech as admit the word
be : thus we fay, />e may bewiiare, let him
beivare, he luill beiuare ; but l^ot, ht did
beivare or he has been <uiare.

To Bewe'ep. t;. a, [fromwfiT/.] To weep
over or upon; to bedew with tears.

Old fond <:ycs,
Bcweep this caufe again ; I'll pluck ye out,
And caA you, with the waters that you lofe.
To temper clay, Sbakefpeare.

Larded all with fwcet flowers
Which bewept to the grave did go
With true love fliowers. Shakefpeare,

To Bewe't. "v, a. [from turt.] To wet >
to moiften ; to bedew ; to water.

His napkin, with h;i true tears all beivet^
Can do no fcrvice on her forrowful cheeks.

Sbaktjpeart.i Titus Andronicttt,

To Bewi'lder. -v. a. [from lui/d,] To
lofe in pathlefs places ; to confound, for
want of a plain road ; to perplex ; to
entangle ; to puzzle.

We parted thus ; 1 homeward fped my way,
Benvilder^d in the wood till dawn of day. Dryden*

We no f-dution of our queiiion hisd i
Your Words bewilder, not direct the mind,

BLickuwret

Our underftanding traces 'em in vain.
Loft and bewildcr'd in the fruitlcfs fearch, jiliJif,

It is good lumctimes to lofe and bewilder our-
lelves in fuch tludics. ft^atts*

To Bewi'tch. v. a. [ftotti 'witch.']

1. To injure by witchcraft, or fafcination,
or charms.

L'iok how I am bewitch'd^ behold, mine arm
Is like a Walled fapling wither'd up. Shaltefpeare,

1 havelorcfworn his company hourly this twenty
years, and yet I am bewitched with the rogue's
Company. If the rafcal has not given me medi-
cines to make me love him, I'll be hang'd .' Sbak.

My flocks are free from love, yet look fo thin ;
What magick has bewitcb'd the woolly dams,
And what ill cycj beheld the tender lambs ? DryJ,

2. To charm; to pleafe to fuch a degree,
as to take away the power of relillance.

Doth even beauty beautify.
And mod bewitcb the wretched eye, Sidney,

The cliarms of poetry our fouls bewitch;
The curfe of writing is an endlel's itch. Drydettm

I do not know, by the ch.iraaer that is given
of her works, whether it is not for the benefit of
mankind that they were loft j they were filled
with fuch bewitching tcndernefs and rapture, that
it might have been dangerous to have given them
a reading, Mdifon.

Bewi'tchery, «, / [from be'ivitch.J
Fafcination ; charm ; reftiUefs preva-
lence.

There is a certain bcwilclery, or fafcination, in
words, which makes them operate with a force
beyond what we can give aa account of. South*

Bewi'tch-

BEY

B I A

B I C

Bewi'tchmSnt. n. /. [from iemiiteh.]
Fafcination ; power of charming.

1 will counterfeit the bno'ucbiKent ot" I'omc po-
puluman, and give it bauntifuUy to the defiren.

Sbaktfptare,

y» BEWRA'y. V. a. [pjiejan, beppejan,

Saxon.]
I . To betray ; to difcover perfidioufly.

Fair feeling words lie wilely 'gan difplay.
And, for her humour Atting purpofe, fain
To tempt the caufe itfelf for to Irwray* Fahy ^.

X. To (how ; to make vifible : tliis word
is now little in ufe.

She faw a pretty bluffi in Philodca's cheeks

''hnvray a modeft difcontentmcnt. Sidney\

Men do fometimes bnvray that by deeds, which

.to confcfs they arc hardly drawn. Hockfr,

Next look on him that fcems for counfeL fit,
Whofe filver locks tctvray his ftore of days. Fa'irf,
Sewra'yer. n. f. [from heivray.'\ Be-
trayer ; difcoverer ; dlvulger.
"When a friend is turned into an enemy, and »
• hrwraycr of fecrets, the world is juft enough to
accufe the perfidioufncfs of the friend. Adiiijon.

Bevo'nd. pre^. [be5«ont>, bejeonban,

Saxon.]
C. Before ; at a diftance not yet reached.

What 's fame ? a fancyM life in others breath,
A thing beyond us, ev*n before our death.*
Tuft what you hear, you have. Tope.

a. On the farther fide of.

Neither is it beyond the fea, that thou Oiouldft
fay. Who ihall^o oyer the Tea for us, and bring it
'unto us? Deut. xxx. 13.

Now we are on land, we are but between death
ani liffr; iorwe ucJieymd the old world and the
4iew* Bacon,

We cannot think men Itjond fea will part with
their money for nothing. Locke,

J. Farther onward than.

He that fees a dark and (hady gro«.
Stays not, but looks beyond it on the flcy. JUrbert,

^. Paft ; out of the reach of.

Beyond the infinite and boundlefs reach
Of mercy, if thou didft this deed of deatU,
Art thou damn'd, Hubert. Sbakiffeare.

Yet thefe declare
Thy goodnefs beymd thought, and pow'r divine.

Milton,
The juft, wife, and goad God neither does nor
<an lequire of man any thisg that is impoflible,
«r .naturally beyond his power to do. South.

Confider the fituation of our earth ; it is placed
fo conveniently, that plants tlourifli, and animals
ViTC : thij is matter of faft, and beyond all difpute.

Bentliy.

5. Above i proceeding to a greater degree
than.

Timotheus was a man botli in power, riches,
jiarentage, goodnefs, and love of his people, beyond
jny of the great men of my country. Sidney,

One thing, in this enormous accident, is, 1
jnuO confefs, to me beyond sU wonder, fyaton.

To his expences, bcyor.d his income, aild de-
l>aucbery, idlenefs, and quarrels amongll h'.s fcr-
Tants, whereby his manufa£lure( are difturbcd,
«nd his bufincfs n(*gle<%cd. Locke,

As far as they carry conviftion to any man's
oinderftanding, my labour may be of irfe : beyond
the evidence it carries v/ith it, 1 advife him not to
follow any man's iiiterprctatioa. Locke.

<6. Above in excellence-

His fatirrs are incomparably i^'W Juvenal's,
if to laugh and rally, is to be preferred to railing
and declaiming. Drydtn,

y. Remote from ; not within the fphere of.

With equal mind, what happens, let us bear ;
Nor joy, nor grieve, too much for things beyond
our care. ^rydeni Fiibles,

t. Vego iejonJ, is to deceive; to circum-
vent.

She made eameft benefit of hil jell, forcing
him to do her fuch fervices, as were both tum-
berfome and coftly ; while he ftill thought he
TOffff beyond her, becaufe his heart did not com-
mit the idolatry. Sidney,
That no man go beyond, and defraud his brother
in any matter. i 71']^, iv. 6.

Bi'zEL. In./. That part of a ring in

Be'zil. 5 which the ftone is fixed.

BE'ZOAR. »./. [from /a, againft, and
xahar, poifon, Perfick.] A ftone, for-
merly in high efteem as an antidote,
and brought from the Eaft Indies, where
it is faid to be found in the dung of an
animal called prncan ; the ftone being
formed in its belly, and growing to the
fize of an acorn, and fometimes to that
of a pigeon's egg. Its formation is now
fuppofed to be fabulous. The name is
applied to feveral chymical compofi-
tions, defigned for antidotes ; as mi-
neral, folar, and jovial hexoars.

Savory. Chambers.

Bhzoa'rdick. adj. [from ^rzoar.] Me-
dicines compounded with bexoar.

The bexoardickt are necclTary to promote fweat,
and drive forth the putrificd particles. Fkycr.

Bia'nculated. 1 fl/^'. [from binus and
Bia'kgulous. J <3»^«/«j,Lat.] Having

two corners or angles. Did.

BI'AS. n.f, [biais, Fr. faid to come from

bJhry, an old Gaulilh word, fignifying

crofs or t/jiuart,']

1. The weight lodged on one fide of a
bowl, which turns it from the ftraight
line.

Madam, we'll play at bowls
—Twill make me think the world is full of rubs.
And that my fortune runs againft the bias. Sbak,

2. Any thing which turns a man to a par-
ticular courfe, or gives the direction to
his meafures.

You have been millook:
But nature to her bias drew in that. Shakefpeari.

This is that boafted bias of thy mind.
By which one way to dulnefs 'tis inclin'd. Dryden.

Morality influences men's Uvea, and gives a bias
to all their aftions. Locke,

Wit and humour, that expofc vice and folly,
furnifli ufeful diverfions. Raillery, under fuch re-
gulations, unbends the mind from feverer contem-
plations, without throwing it olF from its proper
bias, AddXjont Freeholder,

Thus nature gives us, let it check our pride.
The virtue neareft to our vice ally'd ;
Rc.ifon the bias turn;, to good or ill. ' Vtfe,

3. Propenfion ; inclination.

As for the religion of our poet, he fcems to
have fome little^/^j towards the opinions of Wick-
liff. Dryden,

To Bi'as. 'V. a. [from the noun.] To in-
cline to fome fide ; to balance one way ;
to prejudice.

Were 1 in no more danger to be mifled by
ignorance, than I am to be bi,i/Jid by intered, J
might give a very pcrfe^ account. Locke,

A defirc leaning to cither fide, bla^^es the Judg-
ment ftran^^ely ; by indifferent for every thing
but truth, you will be excited to examine, ffalts,
Bi'as. ad'v. It feems to be ufed aJ'ver-
bially in the following paflage, con-
formably to the French meltre une chofe
de biais, to give any thing a wrong
interpretation.

Every aftion that hath gone before.
Whereof we have record, trial did draw
B'm and thwart, not anfwcring the aim.

Shikejfeckre" t TnUut and Crejfida.

In the following paflagc it feems t<i
be an adjedlive. Swelled, as the bowl
on the biajcd fide. This is not ufed.

Blow till tby bias cheek
Outlwcll the cholic of puft Aquilon.

Sbakej^care^i Trcilus and Crc£jda.

Bib. n.f, A iinall piece of linen put upon
the breafts of children over their clothes.

1 would fain know, why it Ihould not be ai
noble a taflc to write upon a bib and hanging,
flecves, as on the bulla and fratexia, yUdifon,

To BIB. -K. n. [b^bo, Lat.] To tipple; to

fip ; to drink frequently.
He playeth with bibbing mother Meroc, as

though fo named, becaufe ihe would drink mere

wine without water. Camden.

To .-.ppcaie a froward child, they gave him

drink as often as he cried ; fo that he was con-

ftantly biibirg, and drank more in twenty-four

hours than I did. Locke.

Biba'cious. <7rfy. [biiaXylAt.'] Addifted

to drinking. Diil.

Biba'city. n.f, [bibacitas, Lat.] The

quality of drinking much.
Bi BBER. n.f. [from To bib,] A tippler;

a man that drinks often. ^
Bi'BLE.».y: [from |SiGaio», a book; called,
. by way of excellence. The Book,'] The

facred volume in which are contained

the revelations of God.

If we pafs from the apoftolick to the next ages
of the church, the primitive chriftians looked oa
tlieir bibles as their moft important treafure.

Government of the Tongue,

We muft take heed how we accuftom ourfelves
to a flight and irreverent ufe of the name of God,
and of the phrafes and expreffions of the holy
bible, which ought not to be applied upon every
flight occafion. TilUifin.

In queftions of natural religion, we Ihould con-
firm and improve, or connedt our reafonings by
the divine afliftance of the bible, IVatts,

BiBLio'cRAPHER. n,/. [from ^iCxo?, and
y^cctpu, to write.] A man (killed in li-
terary hiftory, and in the knowledge of
books ; a tranfcriber. Di.^.

BibliOTHe'caL. adj, [from bibliotheca,
Lat.] Belonging to a library. Di3.

Bi'bulous. ndj, \_bibulus, Lat.] That
which has the quality of drinking moif-
ture ; fpungy.

Strowd bibulus above, I fee the fands.
The pebbly gravel next, and gultcr'd rocks. Tbomf.

Bica'psular. adj, {bicapfularis , Lat.]
Having the feed veflel divided into two
parts.

Bice. n. f. The name of a colour ufed in
painting. It is either green or blue. .•

Take green bice, and order ir as you do your
blue bice; you may diaper upon it with the water
of deep green. Feacham,

Bici'PiTAt. 7 "'i'- \biccps, bicipitis,
Bici'piTOUs. J Lat.]

1 . Having two heads.

While men believe bicifitout conformation in
any fpecies, they admit a gemination of principal
parts- Brcivnt l^tilgar Errcuru

2. It is applied to one of the mufcles of
the arm.

A piece cf flelh it exchanged from the bicipital
mufclc of either party's arm. Brcwrt^s ^i-lg. Err,

To BI'CKER. 1/. «. \_bicre, Welfli, a con-

teft.]
I. To ikirmilh ; to fight without a fet

battle ; to fight off and on.

They fell to fuch a bickering, that he got a li.ilt-
in{, and loft his figure. Sidney,

In

B I D

In thy face
t fee ttijr fiiry J if I longer ft«y,
We (hall begin our ancient hUkinngs, Sbatiffean.

2. To quiver ; to play backward and for-
ward.

And from about h!m 6erce effufion rowlM
Of fmoke, ind bickering Aame, and fparkles dire.

Miliar.

An icy gale, oft fliiftirg o'er the pool,
Breathes a blue film, and, in its mid career,
Arrefts the bickering Hreatn. Ttemfon.

BTcKERER. ;-'. / [from the verb.] A

fldrmiflier. ,

Bi'cKERN. 1. /• [apparently corrupted

from ieaiiron.} An iron ending in a

point.
A blackfmith's anvil is fonistim;s made with

a pike, or lickint, or bcakiron, at one end. Af'iXon.
Bico'rne. laJJ, \^iicornis,L3.t.'\ Hav-
Bicq'rnous.J ing two horns.

We (hould be too critical, to quertion the letter
Y, or bicomcut element of Pythagoras } that is, the
making of the horns equal. Brmjn*i Vulgar Err,

Bico'rporal. <ii^'. [^/«r/or, Lat.] Hav-
ing two bodies.

To BID. f. a. pret. I biJ, bad, hade, I
\izv6 bid t.OT bidden, [bibban, Saxon.]

1. To defire ;■ to alk ; to call ; to invite.

I am bid forth to fuppcr, Jeffica ;
There are my keys. Shak. Mtrchant of Venice.

Go ye into the highways, and, as many as you
diall find, bid to the marriage. Mall, xxii. 9.

We ought, when we are biddeji to (p*eat feaf^s and
meetings, to be prepared beforehand, HaktivUl.

2. To command ; to order : before things
or perfons.

Saint Withold footed thrice the wold.
He met the nightmare, and her nine fold,
Bid her alight, and her troth plight. Shaieffurc.

He chid the fifters.
When firft they put the name of king upon me.
And bade them fpeak to him. Sbakiffurt,

Hade to the houfe of ileep, and bid the god.
Who rules the nightly viiions with a nod.
Prepare a dream. Vryden't Fablts,

Curfe on the tongue that bidi this general jay,
—Can they be friends of Antony, who revel
When Antony's in danger ? Dryd, Ail fir Lrve,

Thames heard the numbers, as he flow'd along,
And badt his willows learn the moving fong. Pcpc.

Acquire a government over your ideas, that they
■nay come when they are called, and depart when
they are brddtn. ffjitt.

3. To offer; topropofc; as, to bid a price.

Come, and be true.
— TIioo biJJf me to my lofs ; for true to thee
Were to prove falfe. Shakt/ftare'i CymbtHne.

When a man is refnjute to keep his fins while
he lives, and yet unwilling to relmquifh alt hope,
he will embrace that profelTion which hidi I'airefl
to the reconciling thofe fo diliant interelis.

Dtcay tf Piety,

Ai when the goddeflirs came down oi old.
With gifts their young Dardanian judge they try*d,
Aad each bad* high to win him to their Ade.

Gratnjiile.

To give interell a Aare in friendlhip, is to fell it
fey inch of candle ; he that bidt moll fliall have
it : and when it is mercenary, there is no depend-
ing on it. Cilliir CI) FrienJJhif,

4. To proclaim; to offer; or to make
known by forac public »oice.

Oor bans thrice bid I and for our wedding day
My 'kerchief bought ! then pretj'd, then forc'd
. away. Cay.

5. To pronounce ; to declare.

Y'ju are retir'd.
As if you were a fcaft- d one, and nnt
The hoftefi of the meeting ; pray you bid
Thele unknown friends to's welcome. Sbakeh,
Viyat, u we ftSU by dKiS, pat their aims r

^ .a

B I D

a little abread ; which is their gefture, when they
bid any welcome. Ba on.

How, Didius, (h:ill a Roman, f"re r»p Is'd,
Greet your arrival to this dil^ant ifle ?
How bid you welcome to thele fliat;er'd le^ims ?

ji,'Piilifi.

6. To denounce.

Thyfelf and Oxford, with five thoufind men,
Sliall crofs the feas, and bid faae £d\-.-ar4 bittle.

Sbakefpearc^ s Henry VI,

She bijvnr to all that djrft fupply
The place of thofe her cruelty made die. Hj/Ar.

The captive cannibal, oppieil with chains.
Yet braves his foes, reviles, provokes, dtfdains j
Of nature fierce, untameable, and proud,
He bids defiance to the gaping ciowd.
And, fpent at lail and fpccchlefs zs he lies,
With fiery glances, mocks their rage, and dies.

Cranvil/e.

7. To pray. See Bead,

If there come any unto jou, and bring not thia
dodlrine, receive him not into your houfe, neither
bid him God fpeed. yotr.

When they defired him to tarry longer witli
them, he confented not, but bade them farewel,

^(9i, xviii. 21.

8. To bid heads, is to dillinguilh each
bead by a prayer.

By fame haycock, or fome fhady thorn,
He bidi his beads both evenfjng and morn.

Dryden,

Bi'dale. n.f. [from bid and ale.^ An
invitation of friends to drink at a poor
man's houfe, and there to contribute
charity. Did,

B i'd o It!, pari, fajl [from To bid,]

1. Invited.

There were two of our company bidden to a feaft

of the family. Bunn,

Madam, the bidden gnefts are come. A, Pbilifs,

2. Commanded.

'Tis ihefe that early taint the female foul,
InftruS the eyes of young coquettes to roll.
Teach infants cheeks a bidden blufli to know.
And little beara to flutter at a beau,

Pofie't Rate of the Leek,

Bi'dder. »./ [from To bid.\ One who
offers or propofes a price.

He looked upon fcveral drclfes which hung there,
expofed to the purchafe of the bed bidder. AJdifim,

Bi'ddino. n.f. [froxa. iid,] Command;
order.

How, fay'ft thou that Macduff denies his perfon
At our great bidding t Shakejfeare's Macbeth.

At his fecond bidding, darknefs fled.
Light Oione, and order from diforder fprung. Milt.

To BIDE. v. a. [biban, Saxon,] To en-
dure ; to fuffer : commonly to abide.

Poor naked wretches, wherefoe'er you are,
That i/A the pelting of this pitilefs dorm! Si^ak.

The wary Dutch this gathering ftorm forefaw.
And durd not bide it on the Englifli coaft. Dryden,

7a Bide. v. n.

1. Ta dwell ; to live ; to inhabit.

All knees to thee (hall bow, of them that bide
In heav'n or earth, or under earth in hell. Milton,

2. To remain in a place.

Safe in a ditch he bidet.
With twenty trenched galhes on his head.
The lead a death to nature. Sbakeff. Macbeth,

3. To continue in a ftate.

And they alfo, if they hide not dill in unbelief,
Ihill be graffcd in, Romam, xi. 23.

4. It has probably all the fignifications of
the word abide ; which fee : but it being
grown fomewhat obfolete, the examples
of its various meanings are not eaftly
found.

Bide'.ntal. adj. [bidtns, '£aX.] Having
tw» teeth.

BIG

III management of forks is not to be hei--d
when tiiey aie only biden:al. Sivijt,.

Bi'ding. n.f. [from btde.] Reiidence ;
habitation.

At Ar.tv- ,p lias ray conftant biding i)cen. Rowe.

Bie'nni a: . /i.-y, [bici/iis, La.t.'] Of the-
continuaiice ot two years.

Then why fliomi iume be very long lived, others
only annual or bienr/ini f Ra: on the Cieaiitn,

Bier. n.f. [from To hear, ziferetrum, in.
Latin, ixomfero.y A carriage, or frame-
of wood, on which the dead are carried;
to the grave.

And now the prey cf f.iwls he lies.
Nor wail'd of f.iends, nor laid on groaning bier,

S^enjer%'

They bore him barefaced on the bier.
And on his grave laiird many a tear. Hbakejpcane, •

He mu.t not float upon his wat'ry biir
Unwept. Milton,-

Griefs always green, a houfehold dill in tears;.
Sad pomps, a threlhold throng'd with daily biers.
And liveries of black. Dryden' i juvenaU.

Alake as if you hanged yourfelf, they will con-
vey your body out of prifon in a bier*

Arhuthmfs John Bull,.

Bi'estings. n.f. [byj-Tinj,, Saxon,] The
firlt milk given by a cow after calving,,
which is very thick.

And twice befides, her bieflings ijever fail
To dore tlie dairy with a brimming pail. Dryden, ■

Bifa'rious, adj. [bi/arius, Lat.] Two-
fold ; what may be underllood two ways.,

Dia,

Bi'fekovs. adj. [bi/ere»s, Lat.] Bearing,
fruit twice a year.

Bi'fid, \'"{/- ibi/dus. Lit. z bota.-

Bi'fidated,j nical term.] Divided in-
to two; fplit in two; opening with ^^
cleft.

Bi fo'ld. adj. [from biitus, Lat. and _/»/</. ]j
Twofold ; double.

If beauty have a foul, this is not (he;
If fouls guide vows, if vows are fan^imunyy .
If fanftimony be the gods delight.
If there be rule in unity itfelf.
This is not (he : O madnefs of difcourfe !
That caufc fets up with and againd thyfelf!
Bifold authority. Shakejp. Troilui and Cr^da,.

Bi'formed. adj. Ibi/ormis, Lzi.] Com-
pounded of two forms, or bodies,
Bifu'rcated. adj. [from binus, two, and
furca, a fork, Lut.] Shooting out, by a-
divifion, into two heads.

A fmall white piece, bifurcated, or branching
into two, and finely reticulated all over, ff^oodtvard,

Bifurc a'tion. n. /. [from binus and.
furca, Lat.] Divifion into two ; open-
ing into two parts.

The fird catachredical and far derived fimi|I«
tude, it holds without man ; that is, in a bifurcation,
or divifion of the root into two parts.

BroTvn's yulgar Erroun,

BIG. adj. [This word is of uncertain or •
unknown etymology. 'Junius derives it
from Sayarflj- ; Skinner from bug, which, .
in Danijh, fignifies the belly.]

1. Having comparative bulk, greater or
lefs.

A troubled ocean, to a man who fails in it, is, I
think, the biggejl object that he can fee in motion.

SfeCtater,

2. Great in bulk; large.

Both in addition and divifion, either of fpaceor-
duration, when the idea under confideration be- ■
comes very big, or very fmall, its prccife bulk be-
comes obfcuie and coofufed, Locke, .

3. T<emui£s.

^ih-b

^ife

3. Teeming; pregwint; great witli young:
with the particle luitb.

A btiT tig ^viih young hath rddoro been fcen.

Bacsftm
Lately on yonder fwelling huih,
BiFtuitb many a common rofe,

Thit early bud began to h'lufh. Waller,

4. Sometimes with of, but rarely.

His gentle laJy,
Bigtfthh gentleman, our theme, deceas'd
As he was bom. Shnkffpean' s Cymielirt.

e. Full of fomething ; and defirous, or
about, to give it vent.

The great, th' important day, I

.-f^ wkb the fate ot Cato and of Rome. ylJdifin.'

.-M^- Now Hg laiih knowledge of approaching woes, |
The prince of augurs, Halithrcfcs, role. Fopei

6. Diftended ; fwoln ; ready to burft 5
ufcd tiften tof the effefts of paffion, as
grief, rage.

Thy heart is h'lg ; get thee apart, and weep.

Sbahtfpeare^s yuliut Cafard

7. Gfeat in air and mien ; proud"; fwell-!
ing ; tumid ; haughty ; furly.

How elfe, fald he, hot with a gooJ bold face, ,
And with iig words, attd iVith a ftately pace ? |

Spttifcr\

To' the ijieaner man, or unknown in the court,
feem fomewhat folenin, coy, big, and dangerous of
look, talk, and anfwer. jijcbam,

\\ you had looked hxg^ and fpit at him, he'd
have run. Shahffiart's fyimtrs Talc,

In his profperous fcafon, liu fell under the re-t
preach of being a man of b'lg looks, and of a mean
and abjcft fpirit. ClarendfA

Or does the than i' th* moon look Wj,
Or wear a huger periwig- i

Than our nwn native luiiaticks ? JiuJibms,

Of governments that once made fuch a noife,

and looked fo big in the eyes of mankind, as being

' founded upon the deepeft cnunfels; and the ftrongcll

forte ; nothing remains of them but a name. Scuibi

Thou thyfelf, thus infolent in ftatc.
Art l)Ut perhaps fomc country magiitrate, I

Whofe power extends no farther than to fpeak
£i^ on the bench, and fcanty weights to break. ',

Drydtti,

To grant big Thrafo valour, Phormlo fcnfe, '
Should indignation give, at lead oftencc. GanK

8. Great in fpirit ; lofty ; brave.

What art thou ? have not I
An arm as big as thine ? a heart as iig ?
'Thy words, 1 grant, are bigger: for 1 Wear not ,
My d&gger in my mouth. Shakt-Jfii-arg*! C\yrttbdwe^

'Bt'cikw\sT. n. /. [bigamus, \ovi Lat.]
*■ <One that has committed bigamy. See
Bigamy.

By the papal canbns, a clergyman, that has a

wife, canrtnt have an ccclellallicul benefice; much

Icfs **n a iigamiji have fuch a beneAce according

tothat'law. ^yliffi-

Bi'cAMY. »./. [^]f<nw/a, low Latin.]

• 1. The crime of having two wives at once.

,iiv':- A beauty-wairting and dirtreffcd widow

Seduc'd the pitch and height 'of all his thoughts
To bafe declenllon, and \oith'i bigamy. Sbakcfp.
Randal determined to commence a fuit>jai!n(l
Martin, for bigamy and inccft. jlrbiiibnot antfPoft,

i. [In the canon law.] The marriage of a
fecond wife, or of a widow, or a wo-
man already debauched ; which, in the
church of Rome, were confidercd as
bringing a man under fome incapacities
for ecclefialUcal offices. ,

J! I c B e'l lied. ai/J. [ from iig and helly."]

Pregnant; with Child ; great With young.

When we have laugh'd to (ce th« fails conccivej

Ajid grow bigbtirud with the wanton wind. Sbak.

Children and bigbcllieJ women require antidote^

)t(newkat iqore grateful to the palate. "Harviyi

So many ■wdl-/haped innocent virgins are block'
ed up, and waddk up and down like bigbellkd wo-
men. AJiiJ'i.

We purfued our march, to the terror ot the
market people, and the mifcarriagc of half a dozen
bigbcllieJ women. Addifin.

Bi'ggin. n./. [bcguin, Fr.] A child's cap.

Sleep now !
Yet not fo found, and half fo deeply fweet.
As he, whole brow with homely biggiir bound,
Snores out the watch of night. ShakeJ'peare.

Bight, n./. It is explained by W/'ww^r-,
the circumference of a coil of rope.

Bi'gly. a/f-v. [from big.] Tumidly;
haughtily ; with a blufttring manner.

Would'ft thou not ratlierchoofc a fmall renown,
To be the OiayV of fomc poor paltry town j
Bijgly to look, and barb'roufly to fpeak;
To pound falfe ' weights, and fcanty meafures
break ? Drydtn.

Bi'flNESs. »./ [from iig.]

1. "'Bulk ; greatnefs of quantity.

If panicum be laid below, and about the bottom
of a root, it will caufe the root to grow to an ex.
ceflive bigiufi, Bacui.

People w\:re furprifcd at the blgnefs and uncouth
deformity uf the camel. Vijlrange'iFable!,

The brain of man, in refpeft of his body, i^
much htjer than any other animal's; excccdinjj
in bigncji three oxen's brains. i?jy o« tbe Creation*

2. Size, whether greater or (mailer; com-
parative bulk.

Several forts of rays make vibrations of fcveral
bignsffes, which, according to their bigneffis, excite
fenfations of feverat colours; and the air, accord-
ing to their bigticjps, excites fcniations of fcveral
founds. Neivttn's Ofticks,

BI'GOT. >i. f. [The etymology of this
word is unknown ; but it is iuppofed,
by Camden and others, to take its rife
from fome occafional phrafe.] A man
devoted unreafonably to a certain party ;
prejudiced in favour of certain opi-
nions ; a blind zealot. It is ufed often
with to :befOre the objeft of zeal ; as,, a
bigot to the Carteftan tenets. '

Religious fpite and pious fplcen bred firft
This quarrel, which fo long the bigots nurft. Tare.

In philofophy and religion, the bigon of all
patties arc gencriflly the moft-^ofitive. Wain,

Bi'goteo. adj. [from bigot.] Blindly pre-
poffefled in favour of fometiiing ; irrati-
onally zealous : with to. '

Bigt/Tted to this idol, we difclaim
Rell, health, and oalc^'for nothing but a name.

Gartbi

I'refliyterian merit, during the reign of that

vic:xk, bigotied, and ill-advlfed ^irince, 'will ra(i!)|

be computed. Sii'ifti

Bi'ooTRY. ti.f. [from bigot.] j

1. Blind zeal; prejudice; unreafonable
warmth in favour of party or opdnions
with the particle to.

' Wtire it not for a bigrrry to our own tenets
we could hardly fmaginc, tliati fo anany abfutd,
wicked, and bloudy principles; rtiould pretend t4
fupport thomfclves by the gofpcl. 'Wattii

2. The practice or tenet of a bigot. [

Our filcnce ma4cbs our ^idvcrl'aries think we pfrr-^
lift in thofe bigctrkt, which all good and Icnfibie
men dc'pile. Pcjii

B I'f. SWOL N . ledj, ' [froth iig'Znd 'fwoln.. ]
Tuiigid ; ready to burft.

' Might my bi^vitln heart '•

Vent all its griefs, and give a loolc to forrow.

Mdijoit,

BiG-UDUEKED. adj. [{rem big and«^£r.]

Having large 'udders ; having 4"S^

fwelled with milk. t

B I L

Now, driv'o before him through the iKhing
rock.
Came tumbling heaps on heapt th* unniunber'd

fl,-ck,
Big-udder' d ewes, and goats of female kind. Pope.

Bi'lander. »./ Ibelandre, Ft.] A fmall
veflel of about eighty tons burden, ufed
for the carriage of goods, it is a kind
of hoy. manageable by four or five men,
and has malls and fails after the manner
of a hoy. They are ufed chiefly in Hol-
land, as being particularly fit for the
canals. Sttvary. T'revoux.

Like btlanJers t > creep
Along the coaft, and land in view to keep. DryJ.

Bi'lberry. w. /. [from bibp^, Sax. a
bladder, and berrj, according to Siia-
ner i </itis idrsa.] A fmall Ihrub ; and
a fweet berry of that Ihrttb ; whortle-
berry.

Cricket, to Windfor's chimneys flialt thou leap;
There pinch themaids as blue as bilierrici. Sbak.

Bi'lbo. ». / [corrupted from Bilboa,
where the beft weapons are toiade.] A
rapier ; a (word.

'I'o be compaiTed like a good hilbo, in the cir-
cumference of a peck, hilc to point, heel to head,

Sbakejpeare.

Bi'lboes. n.f. A fort of flocks, or wooden
fhackles for the feet, ufed for puoilhing
offenders at fea.

Met bought I lay
Worfc than the mucincs in the bilbta. Shakdb,

BILE, n.f [bilis, Lat.] A thick, yellow,
bitter liquor, feparated in the liver, col-
lefled in the gall-bladder, and dif-
charged into the lower end of the duo-
denum, or beginning of the jejunum, by
the common duft. Its ufe is to (heathe
or blunt the acids of the chyle, becaufe
they, being entangled with its fulphurs,
thicken it fo, that it cannot be futfi-
ciently diluted by the I'uccus pancreati-
cus, to enter the lafleal veffels. ^iticy.

In its progrcflion, foon the labour'd chyle
Receives the confluent rills of bitter bile ;
Which, by the liver fever'd from the blood,
And rtriving through the gall-pipe, here unload
Their yellow llream j, Blaehnore,

Bile. n.f. [bik. Sax. perhaps from bilis,
Lat. This is generally fpelt boil; but,
I think, lefs properly.] A fore angry
fwelling.
But yet thon art my flelh, my blood,: my
daughter;
Or rather » difeafr that's in jny fleflj 5
Tliou art a bile in my corrupted blood. Shakcjp.
Thofeir/ir did rvm^lav fo— did ntiTtbe' general
run ? were not that a botchy fore ? Si'ahffeare.
• Afunmculiii is a painfuUruberele, wi^li li broad
bafis, arifing in a cone. It is generally called a
bile, and is accompanied with inflammation, pul-
fation, and tcnfion. Wifdnan.

Bilge, n. f. 'The compafs or breadth of

a Ihip's bottom. Skfiiner.

To Bn.GE. -v.n. [from thetwun.j To

fpring a leak ; to let in water, by,ftrik-

ing upon 'a rock : a fea term ; rvc/w hielge.

Skinner.
Bi'ti AR y; <i^.[froto ^/i, Lat.j' Bdong-
ing to the bile.

Voracious animals, suid fuch as > do notohew,
have a great quantity of gall ; and fomc of them
have. tiM ^biluirjj itiX ii^ftted t^to {hp pylofus.

yirbutbtiet,

Et'LINCSGATE.

B I L

Bi'lincscate. »./ [A cant word, bor-
rowed from Bihng/ate in London, a
place where there is always a crowd of
low people, and frequent brawls and foul
language.] Ribaldry; foul language.
There ftript, tair rtetorick languiih'd on the
ground.
And (hameful bitirgfgate her robes adorn. Pefe,

Bili'nguous. «djr. [iilinguis, Lat.] Hav-
ing, or fpeaking, two tongues.

Bi'ljous. at/J. [from iiJis. Lat.] Con-
fiding of bile ; partaking of bile.

Why iUhus juice a golden light puts on.
And floods of chyle in lilver currents run. Garth,

When the tafte of the mouth is bitter, it is a fign
of a redundance of a hilioui alkali. Ariuthrot,

To BILK. "v. a. [derived by Mr. Lye horn
the Gotbiclc bilaican.'] To cheat ; to
defraud, by running in debt and avoid-
ing payment.
Bilk'd itationers for yeomen Aood prepar'd.

Dry,Un.
Whr»t comedy, what farce can more delight.
Than grinning hunger, and the pleating fight
Of your biik '4 hopes ? Dtyticn,

BILL. H.f [bile. Sax. See Ball.] The
beak of a fowl.

Their hiUt were thwarted crolTways at the end,
and with thefe they would cut aji apple in two at
one faap. Ciinvf.

It may be tried, whether birds may not be made
to bare greater or longer tillSf or gicater or longer
ulons. Bacon.

In hi» fill
An olive leaf he brings, pacifick fign ! Milan.

No crowing cock does there his wings difplay,
Mor with his horny till provoke rhe day. Dryden.

BILL. n.f. [bill*. Sax. rpibilk, a two-
edged axe.]
I. A kind of hatchet with a hooked point,
ufed in country work, as a hedging bill;
fo called from its refemblance in form
to the beak of a bird of prey.

Stauding troops arc lervants armed, who ufe the
lince and I'ward, as other fcrvants do the fickle or
the hill, at the command of thofe who entertain
them. Trmplt.

a. A kind of weapon anciently carried
by the foot ; a battle axe.

Yea d;ftafr women manage ta^y tilli j
A:;airi{l rby feat both young and old rebel. Shak.

BILL. »./ [iilkt, Fr.]

1 . A written paper of any kind.

He does receive
Particular alditlon from the Ull
That write; thTm a'l alike. Sbaiffpearc.

2. An account of money.

Ordinary cxper.cc ought to be lim'ted by a
man's ef^ate, and ordered to the bell, that the ii7/i
may be Icfs than the eftim i*ion ajroad. Bacon,

3. A law prefented to the parliament, not
yet made an iiL

No new laws can be made, nor old laws abro-
gated or alured, but by parliament; where hlili
ate prepared, and p icfcntcd 10 the two houfes.

Bacon.

How now for mitigation of this till,
Urgd by the commons ? doth hii raajtffty
Incline ti it, or no ? Sbahjfcart.

4. An aft of parliament.

There will be no way left for me to tell you
tbit I rcnember you, and that I love you, but
th It one, which nc:ds no open warrant, or fccret
onveyanccj which no tillt can prcduJe, nor no
kini;i fir'^rnt. jlllatury.

J. A phyfician's prefcription.

Like him that took th'? doflor's till.
And fwallow'd itirifteid o' th' pill. Iluilihras.

The medicine was prepaccd according to the tiJI.

L^Efirange.

. Vol. [,

B I L

Let them, but under your fuperioUrs, kill.
When dodors firll have fign'd the bloody hill.

Dryden.

6. An advertifement.

And in dei'pair, their empty pit to fiU,
Set up fome foreign moniler in a hill. Drydin.

7. [Inlaw.]

I. An obligation, but without condition or
forfeiture for non-payment, a. A declaration in
writing, that exprefleth cither the grief and the
wrong that the complainant hath fuft'ered by the
party complained of; or elfe fome fault that the
party complained of hath committed againft fome
law. This bill is fometlmes offered to jufiiccs
crrants in the general aiiizcs ; but moft to the
lord chancellor. It containeth the faft com-
plained of, the damages thereby fuffeicd, and pe-
tition of procefs againlt the defendant for redrel's.

C'.iBdl.

The fourth thing very maturely to be confulted
bj the jury, is, wliat inliuencc their lt;;ding rhe
hUI may have upon the kingdom. Sv.*ift.

8. A bill of mortality. An account of the
numbers that- have died in any dillrift.

Moft who took in the weekly hilli of mortaiiiy,
made little other ufe of xhem, than to look at the
foot, how the burials cncrealed or decreafeJ.

Graunt.

So liv'd oor fires, ere doftors learn'd to kill,
And mu'.tiply'd with theirs the weekly hill. Dryd.

9. A bill of fare. An account of the feafon
of provifions, or of the dilhes at a feaft..

It may fecm fomewhat difficult to make out the
tilk effort for fome of the foremeniioned fuppers.

Arlulhnot.

to. ji bill of exchange. A note ordering
the payment of a fum of money in one
place, to fome perfon ifligned by the
drawer or remitter, in conlideration of
the value paid to him in another place.

The comfortable fentciices are hilli of txchange,
upon the credit of which we lay our cares down,
and receive provifions. Taylor.

All that a till f cxckangt can do, !s to direft to
wh.)m money due, or taken up upon credit, in
a foreign country, (hall be paid. Loike.

To Bill. <v. n. [from bill, a beak.] To
carefs, as doves by joining bills ; to be
fond.

Doves, they fay, will till, after their pecking,
and their murmuring. Bin f^njon's Caialint.

Still amorous, and fond, and huling.
Like Philip and Mary on a ijiilling. Vadihrat.

They hill, they ticad ; Alcyone c-^mpri-fs'd
Seven days fiu brooding on her floating ncft.

Drydin.
He that bears th' artillery of Jove,
The (Irong pounc'd eagle, aj d the hilling dove.

Drydtn.
7»Bili-. t. a. [from bill, a writing.]
To publilh by an adveriiiement : a cant
word.

His maflerpiece was a compofition that he hilled
about under the name of a fovercign antidote.

L'EJImngt.

Bi'llet. n.f. [billet, French.]

1. A fmall paper; a note.

When hs found this little hillet, in which was
only written Rimmber Ctefar, he was exceedingly
confounded. _ Clairndon.

2. A ticket direftlng foldiers at what houfc
to lodge.

3. Billet-Joux, or a foft billet ; a love letter.

'Twas then, Belinda ! if report (ay true,
Thy eyes fiift bpcn'd on a hilUt-diux. Popi.

4. [BilottFr.] A fmall log of wood for the
chimney.

Let US thf-n calculate, when the bulk of a fsga"
or hillet is dilared and ratified to the degree of fite,
hi)W vaU a place itmuftukeup. Dighy in Bxlici.

Their billei at the fire was found. Pri^r.

B I N

7« Bi'llet. v. a. [from the noun.]

1 . To direft a foldier by a ticket, or note,
where he is to lodge.

Retire thee; go where thott art iilleteJ:
Away, I fay. Shakefptar'f

2. To quarter foldiers.

They remembeed him of charging the king-
dom, by billeting fjldiers. Raleigh,
The counties throughout the kingdom wer« fo
incenfed, and tht:. alJ'eflions poifoned, that they
refuted to fulfei the foldiers to be billeted upon
'jis"!- Clarendon.
Bi'lliards. n.f. nuithout afingular. \btl-
lard, Fr. of which tliat language haj
no etymology ; and therefore they pro-
bably derived from England both the
play and the name, which is corrupted
from halyards, yards or flicks with which
a ball is driven along a table. Ihus
Spenfer :

Balyards much unfit,
And ihuttlecocks mifTeeming manly wit.

Hubherd s Tele.']

A game at which a ball is forced againft
another on a table.

Let it alone ; let 's tn billiards. Sbakrffeare.

Even nofe and cheek withal,

Smooth as is the billiard ball. Benjonfiif,

Some are forced to bound or fly upwards, a, moft

like ivory balls meeting on a hULrd table. Boyle.

When the ball obeys the (lioke of a billiard

ftick, it is not any adlion of the ball, but bar*

P^ffion- Locke.

BILLOW, n.f [bilge. Germ, bolg, Dan.
probably of the fame origitial wih bili3.
Sax. a bladder.] A wave fwoln, and
hollow.

From whence the river Dee, as filver cleen,
His tumbling billows rolls with gcn;le rcre. Spenfer,

Billows fink by degrees, even when the wi- d ii
down that firft ftirred them. flciton.

Chafing Nercus with his trident th.ows
The billcivs from the bottom. Dertam,

To Bi'llow. 1/. n. [from the noun.] To
fwell, or roll, as a wave.

The hillctving fnow, and violence of the fli( wV,
That from the hills difperfe their dreadful llnre.
And o'er the vales collefled ruin pi ur. Prior.

Bi'llowy. adj. [from billcu:] Swelling;
turgid ; wavy.

And whitening down themoiry-tinflur'dfl:. earn,
Defcenda the billowy foam. Ihomfon.

Bin. n.f. [binne, Sax.] A place where
bread, or corn, or wine, is repofited.

The nir.ft convenient way of picking hops, Jj
into a l.,ng fcjuaie frame of wood, called a hm.

Mortimer,
As when, from rooting !n « tin.
All p.wder'd o'er from tail to chin,
A lively maggot failies out,
^ You know hisn by his hajcl fnout. .^vift.
Bi NARY. adj. [from binus.Lv.t.'] Two;

dual ; double.
Bi'nary Aritbmetick. A method of com-
putation propofed by Mr. Leibnitz, in
which, in lieu of the ten figures in the
common arithmetick, and the progref-
fion from ten to ten, he has, only two
figures, and ufes the funple progrsffion
from two to two. This methed appears
to be the fame with that ufed by the
' Chinefe four tixoufand years ago.

Chambers,
To BIND. 'V. a. pret. / bound ; particip.
paff. bound, or boitiidcn. [binban. Sax.]
I. To confine with bonds; to enchain.

Wilt ihou play with him as uith a bird.' or
wilt thou bind him for thy oiaidcni ? Jah.

B b 2. To

B I N

2. To gird ; to enwrap ; to involve.

Who hath hiUKii the waters in a garment ?

Provr'hi-

3. To fallen to any thing ; to fix by cir-
camvolution.

Thou (halt JW this line of fcarletthrratl in the
• windpw, which thou didft let us down by. Jjhua.

Keep my commandments, and live; and my
law, as the apple of thine eye. Bind them upon
thy fingers, write them upon the table of thine
heart. frwtrhi.

4. To fatten together.

Gather ye together firft the tarn, and hiid them
in bundles, to burn them. Mattbnv.

5. To cover a wound with dreffings and
bandages : with up.

When he faw him, he had companion on him,
and went to him, and haund up his wounds, hake.

Having filled up the bared cranium with our
dreflings, we hcund up the wound. IVijtman.

6. To oblige by (lipulation, or oath.

If a man vow a vow, or fwcar an oath, to b\nd
bis foul with a bond, he Ihall not break his word.

Numheri.
Swear by the folemn oath that binit the gods.

Pofc.

7. To oblige by duty or law ; to compel ;
10 conftrain.

Though I am b<,und to every act of duty,
I am not bjund to that all Haves are free to. Shak.

Duties cxprefsly required in the plain language
of Scripture, ought ro bind our confciences more
than thofe which are but dubioully inferred. Waits,

8. To oblige by kindnefs.

9. To confine ; to hinder : with in, if the
reftraint be local ; with up, if it relate
to thought or aft.

Now I'm cabin'd, cribb'd, confin'd, bound in
To faucy doubts and fear?. Sbakijfeart.

You will fooner, by imagination, bind a bird
from finging, than from eating or flying. Baian.

Though paOion be the rooft obvious and general,
Jet it is not the only caufe that bindi up th^ undcr-
ftanding, ajid confines it, for the time, to one ob-
ySt, from which it will not be taken oO". Locki.

In fuch 3 difmal place,
Where joy ne'er enters, \Vhlch the fun ne'er cheers.
MM/.d in with darlcnefs, overfprcad with damps.

Dryden.

■ 10. To hinder the flux of the boweU ; to
make coftive.

Khub.irb hath manif ftly in it parts of contrary
<^peratiniis j parts that purge, and parts that bhui
The bTdy. Baccn.

The whey of millc doth loofc, the milk doth.
bird* Herbert,

1 1 . To reftrain.

The more we arc btundup to an-exad narration,
we want more life, and fire, to animate and inform
the (lory.- Fc/ion.

I 12. Te bind a book. To put it in a cover.

Was ever book, containing fuch vile matter.
So fairly bound f Shahffpeare,

Thofe who could never read the grammar.
When my dear volumes touch the hammer.
May think books beft, as richcft hound. Prior,

13". To bind to. To oblige to ferve fomc
one.

If dill thou dolt retain
The fame ill habits, the fame follies too,
Still thou art bound to vice, and Oill a flavc. Dryd.

14. To bind to. To contract with any
body.
Art thou bound to a wife, fcek not to be loofed ■
1 Corinthian:.

I ;. To bind over. To oblige to make ap-
pearance.

' Sir Roger was ftigg^'red with the reporti con-

cerning this woman, and would have ie«ni/ her <rKf/-
to the county feflions. Mdijm.

B I P

7« Bl N D . T. «.

1 . To contrail its own parts together ; to
grow lliffand bard.

if the land rife full of clots, and if it is a binding
land, you mu!l jnakc it fine by harrowing of it.

Mortimer,

2. To make coftive.

3. To be obligatory.

Thofe canons, or imperial conftitutions, which
have not been received here, do nor bind. Halt,

The promifes and bargains for truck, between
a Swifs and an Indian, in the woods of America,
are binding to them, though they are perfectly in a
(late of nature, in reference to one anotlier. hoiU.

Bind. »./. A fpecles of hops.

The two bed forts are the white and the grey
hind; the latter is a large fquare hop, and more
hardy, Mortimer.

Bi'nder. n,f, [from To bind,"]

1. A man whofe trade it is 10 bind books.

2. A man that binds ftieaves.

Three tinders ftood, and tonk the handfuls reapt
From boys thatgather'd quickly up. Chapman,

A man, with a binder, may reap an acre of whea:
in a day, if it ftand well. Mortimer.

3. A fillet ; a flired cut to bind with.

A double cloth, of fuch length and breadth as
might ferve to encompafs the frafturcd member,
I cut from each end to the middle, into three
bir.ders. WiftKan.

Bi'nding. tt,/. [from bind.] A band-
age.

This beloved young woman began to take off
the binding of his eyes. 'Taller.

Bi'ndweed. n. f. [cowvolvulus , Lat.]
The name of a plant.

Bindiveed is the largerand the fmaller j the firft
fort flowers in September, and the laft in June and
July. Mcrtim':r.

Bi'nocle. n.f. [from bi/ius find ocu'iu.]
A kind of dioptrick telefcope, fitted fo
with two tubes joining together in one,
as that a diftant object may be feen with
both eyes together. Harris.

BiNo'cuLAR. adj. [from binus and ccu-
/«i.] Having two eyes.

Mod animals are bir.uular, fpldcrs for the moft
part o£VonocuIar, and f ime fenocular. Verham.

BiNo'.MiAi, Root, [in algebra.] A root
compofed of only two parts, connefted
with the figns plus or minus. Harris.

Bino'minous. adj. [from binus and
ncmen, Lat.] Having two names.

Bio'grapher. n.f, [ci©. and ypa^u.]
A writer of lives ; a rclater not of the
hillory of nations, but of the afLions of
particular perfons.

Our Grubftrcet biographers watch for the death
of a great man, like lo many undertakers, on
purpofe to make a penny of him. Addijon.

Blo'oRAPHY. n.f. [si©- and yjia^a'.]

In writing the lives of men, whicii is called

biography, fome authors place every thing in the

prccile order of time when it occurred. Walls.

Bi'ovAC. In-f, [ Fr. from lufy luflf/?', a

Bi'hovac. Y double guard, German.] a

Bi'vouAC. J guard at night performed

by the whole army ; which either at a

ficgc, or lying before an enemy, every

evening draws out from its tents or huts,

and continues all night in arms. Not

in ufe. TrevDux, Harris,

Bi'pAROUs. adj. [from binus and pario,

Lat.] Bringing forth two at a birth.
Bi'pARTiTE. adj. [from binus and par-
tior, Lat.] Having two coirrefpondent
parts J divided into two.

B I R

BiPARTi'riON. n. f. [from bipariiti.'\
The aft of dividing into two; or of
making two correfpondent parts.

Bi'PED. n.f, [bipes, Lat.] An animal
with two feet.

No ferpcnt, or filhes oviparous, have any ilunes
at allj neither ^i^ff/ nor quadruped oviparous have
any cxtcriourly. Brown's Vulgar Errours.

Bi'pEDAL. adj. [bipedalis, Lat.] Two
feet in length ; or having two ftet.

Bipe'nnated. adj. [from binus and
ptnna, Lat.] Having two wings.
. All bipcnnated inlcdts have poifes joined to the
body. Derham,

Bipe'talous. adj, [of bis, Lat. and
miraMv,] A flower confining of two
leaves. D/<Sf.

Bi'qj; ADR ATE. In, f. [in algebra.]

BiQj; ADR a'tick. 3 The fourth power,
arifing from the multiplication of a
fquare number or quantity byitfelf Har.

BIRCH Tree. n.f [bipc. Sax. to/./a,Lat.]
The leaves are like thofe of the poplar ;
the ftioots are very flender and weak ;
the katkins are produced at remote dif-
tances from the fruits, on the fame tree j
the fruit becomes a little fquamofe cone ;
the feeds are winged, and the tree calls
its outer rind every year. Miller.

Bi'rchen. adj. \ixoia. birch."] Made of
birch.

His beaver'd brow a irrr^r" garland bears. Popt.

BIRD. ii.f. [bipb, or bpib, a chicken,
Saxon.] A general term for the fea-
thered kind ; a foVvl. In common talk;
foiul is ufed for the larger, and bird for
the fmaller kind of feathered animals.

The poor wren,
The moft diminutive of birds, will fight.
Her young ones in her rieft, againft the owl. Shak.

Sir* had all the regal makings of a queen j
As holy oil, Edward confefl'or's crown.
The rod and bird of peace, and all fuch emblems.
Laid nobly on her. Sbakeffeare's Henry Vill*

The bird of Jove ftoop'd from his airy tour.
Two birds of ^iycA plume before him drove. Mile.

Hence men and beads the breath of life obtain,
And birds of air, and monfters of the main. Dryd.

There are (ome birds that are inhabitants of the
water, whofe blood is cold as fiOies, and their fici^
is fo like in tafte, that the fcrupulous are allowed
them on n(h days. Locke.

To Bird. -v. «. [from the noun.] To
catch birds.

1 do invita you to-morrow morning to my
houfe, to brcakfaft ; after we'll abirding together.

ishaii/fiare.
Bi'rdbolt. n.f. [from bird and bolt, or
arre-iv.] An arrow, broad at the end, to
be (hot at birds.

To be generous and of free difpofition, is to
take thofe things for birdbolts that.you deem can-
non bullets. Shakejpeare.

Bi'rdcage. n.f. [from bird and cage.]
An inclofure, with interflitial fpaces,
made of wire or wicker, in which bird»
are kept.

Birdcages t>ught him the pulley, and tops the
centrifugal force. Arfuthnot and Pipe.

Bi'rdcatcher. n.f. [from ^W and
catch.] One that makes it his employ-
ment to take birds.

A poor lark entered into a miferable expodula-
tion widi a birdcaleher, that had taken her in his
net. VEJirange.

Bi'rder. n.f. [from bird.] A bird-
catcher.

Bi'rdikc.

B I R

Ii'roing-piece. n. f. [from ^W and
piece.'] A fowling-piece j a gun to ftioot
birds with.

I'll creep up into the chimney. There they

always ufe to difcharge tlieir bird.r.g-fkccs ; cr^ef
into the kill hole. Stukifptare.

-Bi'rdlime. ». /. [from bird and /zW.J
A glutinous fubftance, which is fpread
npon twigs, by which the birds that
light upon them are entangled.

Birdlme is m^de of the b.irjc of holly : the\
pound it into a tough parte, that no fibres of the
wood be left; then it is walhed in a running
{Iream, tilbno moies appear, and put up ro ferment,
and fcummed, and then laid up f rule; at which
time they incorporate with it a third part of nut
oil, over the fire. But the bark of our lantone, or
wayfaring llirub, will make very good h'lrdrimt,

Ci'ambert.

Holly is of fo vifcous a juice, as they make hird-
limt of the bark of it. Bacon't Nuiural Hiftory.

With ftores of gatherM glue contrive
To flop the vents and crannies of their hire.;
Not hirdiimt, or Idean pitch, prodjce
A more tenacious mafs of cUmmy juice. Drydtn.

J'm enfnar'd ;
Heav'n's b'lrdlimt wraps me round, and glues my
wings, Drydtn.

The Woodpecker, and other birds of this kind,
becaufe they prey ujion flies which they catch with
their tongue, have a couple of bags filled with a
vifcout humour, as if it were a natural birdlime,
or liquid gloe. Crciu.

Bi'rdman. »./ [f^om^V(/and man.] A
birdcatcher ; a fowler.

Ai a fowler was bending his net, a blackbird
aflced him what he was doing : why, fays he, I am
laying the foundations of a city ; and fo the bird-
man drew out of fight. L'Efiranre.

Bi'rds-ch«rry. »./ [paJut Theophraf-

/».] A plan*.
Ei'rdseye. n. f. [adonis, Lat.] The

name of a plant.
Bi'rdsfoot. ». /. {ornithopodium, Lat.]

The name of a plant.
Bi'rdsnest. n.f. An herb. Dicl.

Bi'rdstares. n.f. [aracus.] A plant.
BrRDSTONouE. n./. An hcrb. Dia.
Bi'rcander. «./. [c/zexalepex.] A fowl

of the goofe kind. Di3.

BiRT. n. /. A fifli, the fame with the /ar-

iol ; which fee.
BIRTH. «. /. [beopS, Sax.]
J. The aft of coming into life.

But thou art fair, and at thy birth, dear boy,
Nature and fortune joia'd to make thee greau

Sbaiefftare't King John.

In Spain, our fprings like old men's children be,
Decay'd and wither'd from their infancy;
No kindly Ibowers fall on our barren earth.
To hatch the feafons in a timely birth. Drydcn.

2. Extra£Uon ; lineage.

Mod virtuous virgin, born of heavenly birtb. Spin/.

All truth I Ihall relate : nor firft can I
Myfelf to be of Grecian birth deny. Dnbam.

■3. Rank which is inherited by defcent.

He doth objeft, I am too great of birib. Shak.

Be juft in all you fay and all you do ;
Whatever be your binly, you're fure to be
A peer of the firft magnitude to me. Dryitn.

4. The conditioner circutnflances in which
any man is born.

High in his chariot then Halefus came,
A foe by i/V/i to Troy's unhappy name. Dryiin.

5. Thing born ; produAlon : ufed of ve-
getables, as well as animals.

The people fear mej for they do cbferve
Ujifatlict'd heirs, and loathly binlu of nature.

Skaktjftart.

B I R

That poets are fat rarer birtht than kings,
Vour noblcft father prov'd. Ben Jotijon.

Who of themfclves
Abhor to join; and, by imprudence mix'd,
Produce prodigious binhs of body or mind. Milt.

She, .'or this many thoufand years,
Seems to have praftis'd with much care
To frame the race of woman fair ;
Yet never could a perfeft birth
Produce before, to grace the earth. IViillcr.

His eld.'ft birth
Flies, mark'd by heav'n, a fugitive o'er earth. Prior.

The vallies fmile, and with their flow'ry face,
And wealthy birtbt, confcfs the flood's embrice.

Biackntore.

Others hatch their eggs, and tend the birib, till
it is able to flilft for itfelf. Addifon.

6. The afl of bringing forth.

That fair Syrian ihopherdefs
Who, after years of b.irrenncfs,
The highly favour'd Jcfepli bore
To him that fcrv'd for her before;
And at her next binh, much like thee.
Through pangs fled to felicity. MH'ov.

7. The feamen call a due or proper dif-
tance between fliips lying at an anchor,
or under fail, a binh. A\(o the proper
place on board for the mefs to put their
cherts, k^c. is called the birth of that
mefs. Alfo a cmirenient place to moor
a fiiip In, is called a birth. Harris.

Bi'r t h da v. tt. /. [from birth and day.]

1. The day on which any one is born.

Orient light,
Kxhaling 6rft from darknefs, they beheld,
Birihdty of heaveif and earth. Milton.

2. The day of the year in which any one
was born, annually obferved.

This is my birthday ; as this very day
Was Caflius born. Sbaktfpeare.

They tell me 'tis my /•i'-thday, and I'll keep it
With double pomp of fadnefs :
'Tis what the day deferves, which gave mcbreath.

Drydtn.
Your country dames,
Whofe cloaths returning birthday claims. ' Prior.

Bi'rthbom. n.f. [This is erroneoully, I
think, printed in Shakefpearc, birthdoom.
It is derived from birth and dom (fee
Dom) as kingdom, dukedom.] Privilege
of birth.

Let us rather
Hold faft the mortal fword ; and, like good men,
Beflride our downfaln birtbdom* Shakrfpetire.

Bi'rthnicht. n.f. [from birtb and
night.] _

1 . The night on which any one is born.

Th* angelick fong in Bethlehem field.
On thy birtbnigbt, that fung the Saviour born.

Paradije Re^aiacd.

2. The night annually kept in memory of
any one's birth.

A youth more glitt'ring than a iiribmgbt beau.

Pope.
Bi'rthplace. n. / [from birth and
place.] Place where any one is born.

My birthplace hate I, and my love's upon

This enemy's town. Sbaieffeare.

A degree of flupidity beyond even what wc have

been charged with, upon the fcore < f our birib-

place and climate. Swift.

Bi'rthricht. ». /. [from birth and
right.] The rights and privileges to
which a man is born ; the right of the
firft-born.

Thy blood and virtue
Contend for empire in thee, and thy goodnefs
Shares with thy birthright. Hbaki/jieare,

Thou hail been found
By merit, mon than biribrighl, Son of Cad< Milt.

BIS

I lov'd her firft, I cannot quit the claim.
But will preferve tlie birthright of iny pillion.

Otieaft
While no bafenefs in this hreaft I find,
I have not loft the birthright vf my niiiid. Drydtn.
To fay that liberty and property are the birth-
right of the Englifli nation, Luc that, if a prince
invades them by illegal methods, we muij upon
no pretence refill, is to confound governments.

Addiftm,
BirthJtra'ngled. adj. [from birth
Z.V.A ftrangle.] Suitngkd or fuffocated
in being born.

Finj^er of birthjir angled babe,
Ditch-delivcr'il by a drab. Sh.ilrJpeari'iMaelf.h.

Bi'rthwort. n.f. [from iir/h and ivort i
I fuppofe from a quality of hallening
delivery. Arlftolochia, Lat.] The name
of a plant.

BI'SCOTIN. n.f [French.] A confec-
tion made of flour, fugar, marmalade,
eggs, i3'c.

Bi'scuiT. n.f. {froril ^/V, twice, Lat. anti
cuit, baked, Fr.]

1. A kind of bard dry bread, made to be
carried to fea : it is baked for long voy-
ages four times.

'I'he bifcuii alfo in the (hips, efpecially in the
Spanilh gallics, was grown hoary, and unwholc.
fome. Knolln't liiliory.

Many have been cured of dropfics by abfti-
nence from drinks, eating dry bijcuit, whith
creates no thirft, and ftrong friftions four or five
times a-day. Arbuihrot on Diet,

2. A compofiiion of fine flour, almonds,
and fugar, made by the confeftioners.

To Bise'ct. -v. a. [from binus and ytio,
to cut, Lat.] To divide into two parts.

The rational hoiil'on bijelletb the globe into tM'9
equal parts. Brotoni fulgar Errours.

Bise'ction. n.f. [from the verb.] A
geometrical term, fignifying the divi-
fion of any quantity into two equal parts.
BI'SHOP. ». /. [From epifcopus, Lat. the
Saxons formed bij-cop, which was after-
wards foftened into bijhop.] One of the
head order of the clergy.

A bijhop is an ovcrfeer, in fuperintendant, of
religious matters in the Chriliian church.

Ayliffe^t Parergan.
You Aiall find him well accumpany'd
With reverend fathers, and well learned hijhopt.

Shakejptare.

Their zealous fuperftition thinks, or pretends,

they cannot do God a greater fcrvice, than to de-

ftroy the primitive, apoltolical, and anciently uni»

verfal government of the church by ltijh'!pi.

Kt Chartu..
In cafe a bijhop /bould commit treafon and fe-
lony, and forfeit his eftate, with his Ufe, the land*
of his bi/hoprick remain ftiU in the church. South.
On the word bijljop, in French evcqve, I woul4
obferve, that there is no natural connexion between
the facied office and the letters or found ; for
t^-t'i/ue, and bijhop, fignify the fame office, thougU
th^^rc is not one letter alike in them. JVjtit's Log.

Bi'sHOP. n.f. A cant word for a mix-
ture of wine, oranges, and fugar.

Fine oranges.
Well roafted, with fugar and winein a cup,
They'll make a fweet tipop, when gentlefolks fup,

Sivif^.
TaBi'sHOP. I/, a. [from the noun.] To
confirm ; to admit folemnly into the.
church.

They are prophane, imperfeft, oh ! too bad,
Except confirm'd and bijhoped by thee. Donne.

Bi'sHOPRicK. n.f. [bifcoppice, Saxon.]

The dioccfe of a bilhop j tbe dillrift over

B b .» A'kicji

B I f

B I T

B I T

wRFch the juriTdifllon of a bifliop ex-
tends.

It will be fit, that, by the. kinu'sfupreme powxt
in cial'es cccleliallical, they be luburdinatc under
fume bifhop, and tijhaprick, cf this realm.

Bacim't Ailviu la Ki'Airj.
A virtuous woman fliuuld rejtrt marriage, as a
good man does a hlfxfrUk ; but 1 would advilc
neither to perfil^ in refufing. jtiUifnii't Sfcilatar.
Thul'e palters had cpilcopal ordination, pv>n'cned
prefcrrarnts in the church, and were fometimes
promoted to kijhipricks thenifelves.

Swift's ScniMtBti of aClunh of EngUnd Man.
Bi'sHOPSWEFD. «. yr [ammi, Lat.] The

name of a plant.
Bisk. n. /. [ii/que. Ft.] Soup; broth
made by boiling fever J forts of flelh.

A prince, who in a foreft ijd;:8 aftray.
And, weary, to ibmc cottage finds the way,
Talks of no pyramids, or fowls, or iijii ot fifli.
But hungry fups his cream ferv'd up in eartiien
di(h. K:n£.

Bi'sKBT. See Biscuit.

B I's M u T H . n. /. The fame as marcafite ;
a hard, white, brittle, mineral fub-
ilance, of a metalline nature, found at
Mifnia ; fuppofed to be a recrementi-
tious matter thrown off in the forma-
tion of tin. Some efteem it a metal /»/'
generis ; though it ufually contains fome
filver. There is an artificial hijmuth
made, for the (hops, of tin. ^incy.

Bisse'xtile. n. f. [from ^/> zxidt fextilis,
Lat.] Leap year ; the year in which the
day, arifing from fix odd hours in each
year, is intercalated.

The year of the fun confifteth of three hun-
^d and fixty-five days and fix hours, wanting
eleven minutes ; which fix hours omitted, will, in
time, deprave the compute : and this was the oc-
cafion of hijfxtilt, or leap year. Brovin.

Towards the latter end of February is the hiffix-
tile or intercalar day ; called biffextiU, becaufe the
fixth of tlie calends of March is twice repeated.

Holder on timi.

Sl'ssoN. adj. [derived by Skimur from ty
and_/f/».] Blind.

But who, oh ! who hath feen the mobled queen
Kun barefoot up and down, tlireit'ning the flames
"With tiffin rheum ? Sbjkijfeuri's Ii.imlct.

What harm can your tiffin conlpe^uitics glean
out of this charadlet ? Sbakcfpeare's Coriolanus.

BJ'STRE. n.f. [French.] A colour made
of chimney foot boiled, and then diluted
with water ; ufed by painters in walhing
their defigns. Tre'voux.

B i's TORT. n. f.\biftorta, Lat.] The name
of a plant, called ^io J'nakeiueed ; which
fee.

Bi'sTOURY. «. /. [i//?(>ar;, Fr.] A fur'
geon's inftrument, ufed in making inci-
fions, of which there are three forts ; the
blatfc of the firft turns like that of a lan-
cet ; but the ftraight bijloury hasthe blade
fixed in the hahdle ; the crooked- A//?o«r)i
is fliaped like a half moon, having the
ed|e on the infide. Chambers.

Bisu \.GOV%.aclj.\bifulcus,'LzX.'\ Cloven-
footed.

For the fwine, althoogh multiparous, yet being
hijuhouij and only cl'jvcnfoored, are farrowed with
open eyes, as other lijulaus animals.

Brotun't Vulgar Errours.

Bit. n. /. [birol, Savon.] Signifies the
whole machine of all the Ijo:i nppuite.
aances of a.bridle> as the bit-mouth, the

branches, the curb, the fevll holes, the
tranchefi!, and the crofs chains ; but
fometimes it is ufed to fignify only the
bit-mouth in particular Farrier's DiS.

Thry li^hc from their horfes, pulling ort their
Hi, that they might fomething refieOi their
mouths upon the grafs. Sidnty.

We have ftridk ftatutei, and moft biting fans.
The needful iifj and curbs of headftrong iteeds.

Shakiffiearf.

He hath the til between his teeth, and away he
runs. StURngjIeei.

Unus'd to the relh-aint
Of curbs and tits, and fleeter than the Wmii, AildiJ.

Bit. n.f. [from ^;>^.]
I. As much meat as is put into the mouth
at once.

How many prodigal ^iri have flaves and peafants
This night engluttcd ! Shak,Jfcan.

Follow your funflion, go and batten un cold
bill, Shakefpcari.

The mice found it troublrfome to be ftill climb-
ing the oak for every ii» they put in their bellies,

L'EJI range.

John was the darling ; he had all the g-iod hits,
was crammed with good pullet, chicken, and ca-
pon. Arhuthnot.

*. A fmall piece of any thing.

By this the boiling kettle had prcpar'd.
And to the table fent the fmoaking lard;
A fav'ry til, that ferv'd to reliflj wine. Drydtn.

Then clap four fiices of pilaster on't.
That, lac'd with bits of ruliick, makes a front.

Pop!.

He bought at thoufands, what with better wit
You purchafe as you want, and bit by bit, Pcpc.

His majelly has power to grant a patent, for
ftamping round bits of copper, to every fubjedl he
hath. Stv'ft.

3. A Spanilh Weft Indian filver coin, va-
lued at fevenpence halfpenny.

4. ./i bit the better or ivor/e. In the fmalleft
degree.

There are few that know all the tricks of thefe
lawyers ; for aught I can fee, your cafe is not a hit
clearer than it was fevcn years ago. Artuihnoi.

To Bit. t. a. [from the noun.] To put

the bridle upon a horfe.
Bitch, n.f. [birje, Saxon.]

1 . The female of the canine kind ; as the
wolf, the dog, the fox, the otter.

Antl at his feec a hitch ^olf fuck did yield
To two young babes. Spenffr.

I have been credibly informed, that a biab will
nurfe, phy with, and be fond of young foxes, as
much as, and in place of, her puppies. Loch.

2. A name of reproach for a woman.

Him you'll call a dog, and her a bitch. Pope.

John had not run a madding fo long, had it noc

been for an extravagant bitch of a wife. Arlutbnot.

To BITE. n). a. pret. I bit ; part. paff. I
have bit, or bitten, [biran, Saxon.]

1. To crufh, or pierce with the teeth.

My very enemy's dog,
Though he had bit me, lliould have liood that night
Againft my fire. Shakrfpeure,

Such fmillng rogues as thefe,
Like rats, oft bite the holy cords in twain.
Too intricate t' unloofe. Shakrfpearc,

Thefe Ire the youths that thunder at a play-
houfe, and fight for bitten apples. Shakfpearc.

He falls ; his arms upon the body found.
And with his bloody teeth he ^irts the ground.

Dryden.

There was lately a young gentleman bit to the

bone, who has now indeed recovered. Taller.

Their foul mo!ith3 have not opened their lips

without a filfity ; though they have Ihowed their

teeth as if they would bite off my nofc.

Arhuibnct andPo^'i Mart, Scrib.

2. To give paia by cold.

Here feel we the icy phang.
And churliOi chiding, of the winter's windj
Which when it Ai/« and bluwj upon my body.
Even till I fl)rir,k with cold, I fmik. ihakejpeare.

Full lii'ty years, harncfs'd in ruijged flee.,
I have enJui'd the tiling winter's blaft.
And the fevcrer heats of parching furaaier.

Rcvie's Ambitious Siipmsibcr,

3. To hart or pain with reproach.

Each poet with a diff 'rent tj.ent writes;
One praifcs, one inftrufts, another titet. Rojcaimon,

4. To cut ; to wound.

I've feen the day, with my good biting faulchion
I would have made them (kip. Skakefpare,

5 . To make the mouth fmart with an acrid
tafte.

It may be the firft water will have more of the
fcent, as more fragrant ; and the fecond more of
the tafte, as more bitter, or biting. Bacon.

6. To cheat j to trick ; to defraud : a low
phrafe.

Afiijcp and naked as an Indian lay.
An honcil faftor ftoic a gem away :
He pledg'd it to the kniglit ; the knight had wit,
So kept the diamond, ai.d the rogue was bit. Pope.

If you had allowed half tlie fine gentlemen to
have converfed with you, they would have been
ftrangely hit, vihWs they tliought only to fall in
love with a fair lady. Pitpe*

Bite. n. /. [from the verb.]

1. The feizure of any thing by the teeth.

Does he think he can endure the everlalling
burnings, or arm bimfelf againft the bites of the
never-dying worm ? South,

Nor dogdays parching heat, that fplits the rocks.
Is half fo harmful. as the greedy flocks}
Their venom'd bile, and fears indented on the
ftocks. Dryden s VirgiTs Georgiiks.

2. The aft of a fifli that takes the bait.

I have known a very good fiflier angle diligently
four or fix hours for a river cap, and not have a
*'"• n^a/tvn,

3. A dieat ; a trick ; a fraud : b low and
vulgar language.

Lf t a man be ne'er lb wife,
He may be caught with fober lies ;
For, take it in its proper light,
'Tis juft what coxcombs call a bite. Swift,

4. A (harper ; one who commits frauds.
ISi'ter. n.f. [from bite.]

1. He that bites.

Great barkers arc no biters. Camden,

2. A fifh apt to take the bait.

He is fo bold, tiiat be Wiil invadeoneof his owa
kind ; and you may therefore eafily believe him to
be a bold titer, JValtm.

3. A tricker ; a deceiver.

A hiter is one who tells you n thing you haveao

reafon to dilbelieve in itfelf, and perhaps has given

you, bef jre he bit you, no reafon to Jilbclicve it

for his faying it ; and, if yon give him credit,

laughs in your face, and triumphs thjt he has

I deceived you. He is one who thinks yuj a fool,

becaufe you da not think him a knave. Sfeftator.

Bi'ttacle. n.f. A frame of timber in

the ftcerage of a (hip, where the cora-

pafs is placed. DiJI.

Bi'tten. particip, pajf. [from To bite',.

which fee.]
BI'T'IER. adj. [birep, Saxon.]

1. Having a hot, acrid, biting tafle, like
wormwood.

Bitur things are apt rather to kill than engender
putrcfaflion. Bacon's Natural Hiftory.

Thougli a man in a fever Ihould, fr >m lu^ai^
have a bitter tjlle, which, at another time, pro-
duces a fweet one, yet the idea of hi tcr, in that
man's mind, would be as dilliiidl from ih-' idea
rf fwcct, as if he had taftcd only gall. Luke,

2. Sharp ; cruel ; fevere.

j Fricndt

B I T

Friends now fad Cviotn,
Unfeparable, ftall within this hour.
On 3 diir nfioB of adoit, bicak out
To t.irer.f, enmiiy. Sbakiff.-^rr.

Huft)a:,Ji, lore vour wives, and he r.ii i! ter
again:! a.un. ' UloJjUmu

The wjid of God, io^ad of a iilier, teachc; us
ichaHubc zeal. Sfrar.

3. Calamitous ; miferable.

Noi/Je friends and t'c : a:, whom to leave
I3 only iincr to ir.e, or!', i , :■,. j
Gc with me, like [^j^ - i,eis," :o my end. 5ia,(.

A dire ijiduAion a.-r 1 tviti.efs t;;
And will K, France, hoping the confetjuence
Will pr.-ve as tttur, black, and tra-ital. Shakijf.

And /hijn the hiv.!r conf.qupnce: for know.
The day th leat'it ;h;reof, my fole command
Traj.i^reft, i.ievitatiy ■! ,0 flij'lt die. Miltm.

TcJ. hin. cJiac if 1 bejr my biitcr fate,
'Ti: c Lc . d h.s vengeance for my fjn. Drjdnt.

4. Painful ; i,.cleinent.

T' c f-.wl I'le borders fly.
And fliun the hiitu bUft, and wheel about the Iky.

Drydtr.

5. Sharp ; reproichful ; fatirical.

U with mc,
And, in the jreadi <:( iuifr words, let's fm' thrr
M., J:.mi.,-J ron. , Sbaktiptare.

6. Mournful; afflided.

Wherefoie is lig\ j^ven unto him that is in
mif-.ry, and life untj ihs ihttr in foul ? J^.

7. In any manner unpleafing or hurtful.

Mititr is an cqu.ioca. w>;rU ; there is bimr
wormwood, there ai-,- hiiitr words, there are LU'cr
ciemiet.atd il'mtr cold moming. fVain'i Luguk.

B I 't T E R c o u R D . ». y. [colecyHtbh, Lat. ]

The name ot a plant.
Bi'tterly. adv. [from Utter.]

1. With a bitter talle.

2. In a bitter manner; forrowfully ; ca-
lamicoufly.

i fo lively ailed with my tears,
That my poor miftiefs, moved therewitiial.
Wept ii/f^r/ji. - ■ Shakefftart.

Eiitcrl} haft thou paid, andflill art paying
That rigid fcore. Miktf,.

3 . Sharply ; feverely.

His behaviour ii not to cenfure bittcrh the er-
roursof their zeal. Sirat.

Bi'TTERN.B./[^a/aar, Fr.] A bird with
long legs, and a long bill, which feed»
upon fifli ; remarkable for the noife which
he makes, ufually called bumping. See

BiTTOUR.

The pooriiJi have enemies enough, bcCdes fuch
unnatural fifhcrmen as otteis, the cormorant, and
the Utttrn. Walton.

So that fcarce
The h'iitern knows his time, with bill ingulpht.
To /hake the founding marfli. Ibmjtn.

Ei'ttern. n. J. [from litter.] A very
bitter liquor, which drains off in making
of common lalt, and uled in the prepa-
ration of Epfom fait, i^'incy.

Bi'ttermess. n./. [from bitter.]

I. A bitter tarte.

The idea of whitenefs, or iitlerrij,, is in the
mmd, exiflly an.wering that power which is in
any body ti produce it therr. Lxkt.

a. Malice; grudge; hatred; implacabi-
lity,

'I he billerntfi and animofity between the com-
mardrrs was fuch, that a great part of the army
wasmarchei. _ ClarerdJ.

3. bnarpnefs ; feverity of temper.

H s foriiws have fo ovcrwhelni'd his wits
Shn I we be thus alHiacd in his wreaki,
r . his f.e, «y, and hisi/Wm/j,' Staktfp.

int and Crew a.pfared now to have Cun-
.._-.., Biore ihnrrrfi and foumefs than formerly.

BIX

and viscremore referred towards the king's commif-

4. Satire; piquancy; keennefs of re-
proach.

Some think their wits have been afleep, except
the^ dart out fomewhat piquant, and to the quick :
men ought to find the difference between faUncfs
and titlermf,. g^,^„

5. Sorrow; vexation; affliftion.
There appears much joy in him, even fo much,

tiiat joy could not /how itfelf mo.left enough, with-
out a bad-e of kuterniji. .Stahfffa,!.
They /hall mourn for him, as one mourneth
for his only fon, and (hall be in biturnefi for hii.i.
as one tliat Is in hUterneft lor his (irft-born Zich.
Mod puifuc the pk-afarss, as they cail them,
of their naruics, whicij begin in fin, are carried on
with d3nt,er, and end in liiurmfi. Wake.

I oft, in hiiirnrfs of fou!, depior'd
My abknt daughter, and my desrer lord. P(^e.
Bi rTkRswEET. n. /. [from bitter and
/u-eef.] The name of an apple, which
has a compound talleof fweet and bitter.
It is but a bitlerfwctt at beft, and the line co
lours of the ferpent do by no means make amene,
for the fmart an J poilon of his fling. Scuth.

When I exprefs the tafte of an apple, which we
call the ihterjkveet, none can miltake what I mean.
„ , Walt,,

bi TTERVETCH. ». /. [ervum, Lat.] A
plant.

Bi'tterwort. «./ [gentiaita. Lit.] An
herb.

Bi't tour. »./. [butour, Fr. ardeaftellarii,
Lat.j The name of a bird, commonly
called the bittern (fee Bittern) but
perhaps as properly bittour.

Tlien to the water's brink (he laid her head :
And, as a h\tt(.ur bumps within a reed.
To thee alone, O Jake, (he faid, I tell. Dnd<n.

BiTu ME. ;,./ [from^//««M.J Bitumen.
See BiTt;M£N.

Mix with thcfe
Id*an pitch, quick ful. hur, filver's fpumc,
T, r^".?i"°"' '""='"'«, and black b\tumt. Mas-

BITU MEN. ,. / [Lat.] A fat unftuous
matter dug out of the earth, or fcum-
med off lakes, as the Afphaltis in Ju-
daea, of various kinds : fome fo hard as
to be ufed for coals ; others fo glutinous
as to ferve for mortar. Savary.

It is repoued, that t:,umtn mingled with liinc,
and put under water, will make as it were an arti-
ficial rock, tj.e fuoftasce becomelh fo ha.d. Bacon.

The fabrick feem'd a work of riling ground,
V\ ith fulphur an 1 bitumen cart between. DryJrn.

Buumn is a body that readily takes fire, yields
an oil, and is fuluble in wat-r. Waodivjr,;.

BiTu'MiNous,fl<^. [from bitumen.] Hav-
ing the nature and qualities of bitumen ;
compounded of bitumen.

_ Naph;ha, which wa, the blumimut mortarufed
in the walls of, Babylon, growj to an entire and
very hard matter, like a itone. Baccn.

Ihe fruiuge fair to fight, like that which grtw
Mear thubitumintui lake, where Sodom flam d.

n ' •■ r^ Milt!,n.

UiVA lve. adj. [from binus and 'ual'v^,
Lat.] Having two valves or (hutters : ::
term ufcd of thofe fiiTi that have two
Ihfils, asoyih>rs; and of thofe plants
whofe feed pods open their whole lengcli,
to difcharge their feeds, as peas.

In t!;e <..vitr lies loofe the (hell of fomr- for

B L A

Bi'zANTiNE. n. /. [more properly fpelt
byzantine ; hom Byzantium.] A great
piece of gold valued at fifteen pound,
which the king olFereth upon high fefli-
val days ; it is yet called a bizamine,
which anciently was a piece of gold
coined by the empcrours of Conftanti-
n"p!e. Camden,

To BLAB. -v. a. [ilaiberen, Dutch.]
J. To tell what ought to be kept fecret:
it ufually implies rather thoughtleflhefj
than treachery; but may be ufed ia
either fenfe.

The gaudy, blM'mg, and remorfeful day
Is crept into the bofom of the fea. Shaktffeare.

Thy dues be done, and none left out,
Ee the blabbing ealtern fcout,
The nice morn on the Indian fteep.
From her cabin'd loophole peep. Milton.

Nature has made man's breafts no wlndores.
To pobli/h what he does within doors ;
Nor what dark fectets there inhabit,
Unlefs his own rafh folly blab it. Hudibras.

Sorrow nor joy can be difguis'd by art.
Our foreheads i/«i the fctrets of our heart. Dryd.

It is unlawful to give any kind of religious wor-
(hip to a creature ; but the very indices of the
fathers cannot efcape the index exfurgalorius, fat
b.'albing fo great a truth. StilUngJIeH.

Nor whifpcr to 'the tattling reeds
The blackell of all female deeds ; :

Nor blab it on the lonely rocks.
Where echo fits, and lifi'ning mocks. Stoift,

z. To tell : in a good fenfe : not ufed.

That delightful engine of her thoughts.
That blabb'd them with fuch pleafing eloquence.
Is torn from forth that pretty hollow cage. Shak.

To Blab. I-, n. To tattle ; to tell tales.

Your mute I'll be ;
When my tongue hlah, then let mine eyes not fee.

Sbakejfiare, '

Blab. ti.f. [from the verb.] A telltale ;
a thoughtlefs babbler ; a treacherous
betrayer of fecrets.

The fecret man heareth many confelTions ; for
who will open himfelf to a blab, or babbler ? Bacon.

To have reveai'd
Secrets of man, the fecrets of a friend.
Contempt and (corn of all, to be excluded
All friend Ihip, and avoided as a blab. Mi/ton.

Whoever flieu's me a very inquifitive body, I'll
(hew him a blab, and one that (hall make privacy
as publick as a proclamation. VEftrangc.

I (hould have gone about /hewing my letters,
under the charge of fecrecy, to every blab of my
acquaintance. Sivift.

Bla'bber. ti.f. [from blab.] A taller; a

telltale.
'To E L a'b B e R . t/. ». To whiftle to a horfe.

Skinner.
Bla'bberlipped. Siinncr. SeeBLOB-

•■-; •— - t"\j»^ mc iiicii or lomf lar'
ot bnatw. larger than could be intr duced in at
"'^''^ *"'''<• Woodward.

BiVA Lvt/LA R. /7<^'. [from bi'valve.] Hav-
Ligtwo valves. p:^

Bi'xwoRT. n.f. An herb.

BERLIPPED.

BLACK, adj. [blac, Saxon.]

1. Of the colour of night.

In the twilight in the evening, in the black and
dark night. Proveris.

Ari(totle has problems which enquire why the
fun makes man black, and not the fire.; why it
wiiitens wax, yet blacks the (kin ? Bro-wn,

2. Dark.

The heaven was black with clouds and wind,
and then- was a i;r'-'t rain. i ATingi.

3. Cloudy of countenance ; fullen.

She hath abated mc of half my train;
Lo ik'd black upon me. Shake/peart.

4. Horrilile ; vvicked ; atrocious.

liitbqr my country never mull be freed, , ''
Or I c >~fer.ring to lo black a deed. DryJn,

5. Difmal ; mournful.

A dirt

B L A

B L A

B L A

'A i'lrt mdufllon tm I witntfs to ;
■And will to France, hoping the cojirequence
Viill proTe as bitter, black, and tragical. Shaiejf.

6. Black and blue. 1'he colour of a bruife ;
a ftripe,

Milliers Ford, good heart, it beaten hlaclt and
hint, that you cannot fee a white fpot about her.
Sbakefptare'i Merry Jf^rves of IVwdJor,
And,wing'd with fpeed and fury, flew
To lefcue knight from black and blue. Hsidibrai.
Blacic-browed. adj. [from black and
bro'w.'] Having black eyebrows ; gloo-
.jny 5 difmal ; .threatening.

Come, geniie night j come^ loving, i/aci-brow'd
. . night.
Give me my Romeo. Sbalifpearc.

Thus when a black-hrsv/'d guft begins to rife,
White foam at firft on the ciirl'd ocean fries.
Then roars the main, the billows mount the (kies

Drydtr,.

B L A c K - B R y o N y . «./ [tamaus, Lat. ] The

name of a plant.
Black-cattle. ». yl Oxen, bulls, and

xows.

The other part of the grazier's bufinefs is what
we call llaek-catlle, produces hides, tallow, and
beef, for exportation. Swiff.

Black-earth. «. /. It is every where
obvious on the furface of the ground,
and what we call mould. Wocdiuard.

Black-guard, adj. [from black and
guard."] A cant word amongft the vul-
gar ; by which is implied a dirty felt
low ; of the meaneft kind.

Let a black-guard boy be always about the
, houfe, to fend on your errands, and go to market
for you on rainy days. Swifi.

Black-lead. a./, [from black znilead.]
A mineral found in the lead-mines,
much ufed for pencils ; it is not fufible,
er not without a very great heat.

.You muft iirft get your black-lead iharpened
finely, and put fall into quills, for your rude and
firft draught. Peacbam.

Blacjc-mail. h./. a certain rate of mo-
ney, corn, cattle, er other confideration,
paid to men allied with robbers, to be
by them proteiled from the danger of
fuch as ufually rob or Heal. Covxll.

Black-pubding. n./. [from black and
pudding.] A kind of food madeof blctod
. and grain.

Through they were lin'd with many a piece
Of ammunition bread and cheefe,
And fat b/aik-puddmgs, proper focid
For warriours that delight in blood. Hudihras.

Black- ROD. n. /. [from ^/flir/{ and ?•(!</.]
The ufher belonging lo the order of the
garter ; fo called from the black rod he
carries in his hand. He is of th;; king's
chamber, and likewife ufher of the par-
liament. Covell.

Bl.ack. n./. [from the adjeftive.}

I, A black colour.

Jllack is the badge of hell.
The buepf dungcpr.s, and the fcowl of night. Sbak.
Fpr the produ.ftion of black, the corpufcles muft
be lefs than any of thofc which exhibit culnuts.

Nitbun.
%. Mourning.

Rife,,wrctched widow, rife; nor, undeplor.'d.
Permit ray ghoft to pafs the Stygian ford :
But tiff, prepar'd in blatk to mourn thy perifti'd
lord. Drydii:.

3. A blackamoor.

.4, /That part of the eye which is black.

It fufnces that it be in every part of the air,
■which is as bj| as the Hack or figlit of the eye.

• ZJi^iy.

7fl Black, v. a. [from the noun.] To
make black ; to. blacken.

Blackirg over the paper with ink, not only the
ink would be quickly dried up, but the paper,
that 1 could not burn before, we quickly fet on
fire. Beyle.

Then in his fury black" d the rav«n o'er.
And bid him piate in his white plumes no more.

Addifin.

Bla'ckamoor. n. /. {from black and
Moor.] Atnan by nature of a black com-
plexion ; a negro.

They are no more afraid of a blackanire, or a
lion, than of a nurfc or a cat. Loch.

Bla'ckberried Heath, [ejnpetrum, Lat.]
The name of a plant.

Bla'ck BERRY Bujh. n. f. [rubus , Lat.]
A fpecies of bramble.

BLA'c«BERRy. n.f. The fr«iit of the
bramble.

The policy of thefe crafty fneeringrafcals, that
ftale old mc.ufe-caten cheefe Ncftor, and that fame
dog-fox Ulyfles, is not proved vi'orth a h'ackherry.

Sbakejfeare.
Then fad he fung the Children in the VVood ;
How blackberries they pluck'd in defaits wild.
And fearlefs at theglittcring faulchion fmil'd. Gaj-.
Bla'ckbird. n.f. [from black and bird.]
The name of a bird.

Of . fuiging birds, tlicy have linnets, gold-
finches, blackbirds, thruflies, and divers others.

Carew.

A fchoolboy ran unto't, and thought
The crib was down, the blackbird caught. S-wift,

'To Bla'ck EN. f. tf. [from black.]

1 . To make of a black colour.

Blelsd by afpiring winds, he finds the Ilrand
Blackened by crowds. Prior.

While the long fun'rals blacken all the way, Pofc.

2. To darken ; to cloud.

That little cloud that appeared at firft to Elijah's
fervant no bigger than a man's hand, but ptefently
after grew, and fpread, and blackened the face ot
the whole heaven. South.

3. To defame, or make infamous.

Let us blacken him what v^•e can, faid that mif-
creant Harrifon of the blell'ed king, upon the word-
ing and drawing up his charge againft his ap-
proaching trial. South.

The morals blacken d, when the writings 'fcapc,
The libell'd perfon, and the piftur'd Ihape. Pope.

To Bla'ck EN. -v. n. To grow black, or
dark.

The hollow found
Sung in the leaves, the foreft (hook around.
Air blacken'd, roll'd the thunder, grcsn'd the
ground. Dryden.

Bla'ckish. adj. [fromblack.] Somewhat

black.
Part of it all the year continues in the form of a

blackifr oil. Byle.

B L a'c K MOOR. n.f. [from black and Moor.]

A negro.

The land of Chus makes no part of Africa ;
nor is it the habitation of blackmoors ; but the
country of Arabia, cfpecially the Happy and Stony.
Br:/U!ns Vulgar Eirours.
More to weft
The realm of Bacchus to the blackmoor fea. Milten.
Bla'ckness. n./. [fromblack.]
I. Black colour,

Bltcknrjs is only a difpofition to abforb, or ftiflc,

without rcflefl/on, moft of the rays 0/ every fort

that fall on the bodies. Locke.

There would emerge one or more very black

fpots, and, within thofe, other fpots of an intenfer

hlackneji. ' Nricton.

His tongue, his prating tongue, had chang'd him

quite

To hoty iltickiiefi from the purcft white. Mdijon.

2. DarkneFs.

His faults in him feem as the fpots of heav'n.
More fiery by night's blackrefs. Shakefpeare.

3. Atrocioufnefs ; horribleaefs ; wicked-
nefs-

Bla'cksmith. «. / [from black and
fmith.] A fmith that works in iron ; fo
called from being very fmutty.

The WacJS/iBifA may forge what he pii-afes. Hov>et,

Shut up thy doors with bars and bolts i it will

be impoflibic for the Hackfmith to make them fo

fall, but a cat and a whoremifter will find a way

through them. ipeBator.

Bla'cktail. n.f. [from black ana tail.]

A fifh ; a kind of perch, by fome called

raffs, or popes. See Pope. Di3.

Bla'ckthorn. n. J', [from black and

thorn.] The fame with the fl'je. See

Plum, of which it is a fpecies.

Bla'dder. n.f. [blabbj-.e, Saxon; blader,

Dutch.]

1 . That veflel in the body which contains
the urine.

The bladder (hould be made of a membranous
fubftaiice, and extre;nely dilatable, for receiving
and containing the urine till an opportunity of
emptying it. Ray.

2. It is often filled with wind, to which
allufions are frequently made.

That huge great body which the giant bore
Was vanquifli'd quite, and of that monftrous mafs
Was nothing left, but like an empty bladder was.

Spenfer.

A bladder but moderately filled with air, and
ftrongly tied, being held near the fire, grew ex-
ceeding turgid and hard ; but being brought nearer
to the fire, it fuddenly broke, with fo loud a noife
as made us for a while after almoft deaf. Boyle,

3. It is ufual for thofe, that learn to
fwim, to fupport themfelves with blown
bladders.

I have ventur'd.
Like little wanton boys that fwim on bladderSf
Thefe many fummers in a fea of glory.
But far beyond my depth: my highblown pride
At length broke under me. SbakeJ'peare*

4. A blifter ; a puftule.
Bladder-nut. ti. y. [Jlaphylodendron,

Lat.] A plant.
Bladder-sena. n./.Jfe/a/M, Lat.] The

name of a plant.
BLADE. H. / [bisb, bleb. Sax. bled,
Fr.] The fpire of grafs before it grows
to feed ; the green Ihoots of corn which
rife from the feed. This feems to me
the primitive fignification of the word
blade ; from which, I believe, the blade
of a fword was firft named, becaufe of
its fimilitude in ihape ; and, from the
blade of a fword, that of other weapons
or tools.

There is hardly found a plant that yieldeth i
red juice in the blade or ear, except it be the tree
that heartth fanguis draconiu Bacon*

Send in the feeding fiocks betimes, t' invade
The rifing bulk of the luxuriwtt blade. Drydcn.

If wc were able to dive into her lecret receffes,
we fliould find that the fmalleft blade of grafs, or
moft contemptible weed, has its particular ufe.

$tvift%

Hung on every fpray, on every blade
Of grafs, the myriad dewdrops twinkle round.

Tbomfon.

Blade. »./ [hlatte. Germ, blad, Dutch.]

I. The (harp or ftriking part of a weapon

or inftrument, diftiudl from the handle.

It is ufually taken for a weapon, and fo

called probably from the likenefs of a

fword

f

B L A

/Word ilcde to a blade of grafs. It is
commonly applied to the knife.

He fought ali lour.d about, his thirfty i/^^t
To bathe in blood of faithleis enemv. Fa\ry 0u.

She knew the virtue of h=r blade', nor would
foUute her fabre with l-rioble blood. Dryhn

Be his this fword, wnofe bladt of brafs-diiplays

2. A briik man, either fierce or gay, called
fo in contempt. So we fay mettle for
tturage.

VouH find yourfelf miftaken. Sir, if you'll
take opon you Co judge of thefe bUdt, by their
earbs, looks, and outward appearance. VEftrarpt.

Then, turning about to the hangman, he faTd,
Oiipatch me,- 1 pn'thee, this troublcfome bhde.

Blade 0/ tie SicMer.rn./. The bone

JJladeeone. j called byana-

tomifts the fcapula, or fcapular bone.

He tell mod furioufly on the broiled relicks of

a flioulder of mutton, commonly called a bladeb'jne.

_ Pof€.

^0 Blade, •v. a. [from the noun ] To

furnilh or fit with a blade.
Bla'ded. adj. [from blade.-\ Having
blades or fpires.

Her filrcr vifige in the wat'ry glafs,
Decking with liquid pearl the AW,J grafs. Shah
X. ^» *■}'"= the light,,ing runs along the ground,
Nor bhded grafs, nor bearded corn fucceeds.
But fcales of fcurf and putrefaftion breeds. Dryd.
Blaiv. ». /. [blejene. Sax. bleyne.
Dutch.] A puilule ; a botch ; a bMer.

c n I, . , . Jtehes, i/ji«.

Sow all th Athenian bofoms, and the ct»p

Be general Icprofy. ShaUfpeare.

B'Jtches and blauu mufl all his flcfli imbofs.
And, II h„ people. j^/,^„_

Whene er I hear a rival nam'd,
I feel my body all inUam'd ;
Which breaking out in boils and hlam,
Wi^th yellow filth my linen ftains. S-w\ft.

Bla'mable. adj. lUova blame.\ Culpa-
ble; faulty. '^

Virtue is placed between two extremes, which
we on both fides equa'ly btamatlt. Drydtn.

Bla'mableness. n.f. [from blamable.l
Fault ; the ftate of being liable to
blame; culpablenefs ; faultinefs.
B:.A'MABLT.a</i/. [from bla/nntle.] Cul-
pably ; m a manner liable to cenlure

A procefs may be carried on againft a perlon,
that IS malicioudy or bUn,My ablent, even to a
definitive fentence. jlilitT

To BLAME, -v. a. [blamer, Fr.]
I. To cenfure; to charge with a fault-
Jt generally implies a flight cenfure.

Ourpinv'r
Shall do a courtfy to our wrath, which men
Way blame, but not conlroul. Shahjpure.

Porphyrlu^ you too far did tempt your tatc-
Tis true, your duty to mc it became ;
But, praifing that, I maft your conduft hiame.

— , „ Diyden.

Each findmg, hke* friend,
Something to bUne, and fomething to commend.

2. To blame has ufually the particle 7or
before th; fault.

The reader mull not hUmt me for making ufe
here all along ot th", word fentimenu L«h.

3. Sometimes, but rarely, of.

Tomoreu, he Uamci cf inconfiderate rartinef-,
for that he would bufy hlmfelf in matters not be
longing t- hii vocation. Kmltc,', Hlft. ^f,he rurki

Blame, t.f. [from the verb.]
I. Imputation of a fault.

lo arm;, the praifc olfucccfl is AareiT among

B L A

many J yet the blame of mifadventuws !s charged

upon one. ,, ° J

Tk 1 1 ,, t/ayitiard.

they lay the b/ame on the poor little ones,

fomcfmes paffionately enough, to divert it from

thcmlelves. r .

p, - , Locke.

2. crime ; that which produces or de-
ferves cenfure.

Who would not judge us to be difcharged of all
*/;>»?<•, which are confeft to have no great fault,
even by their very word and teftimony, in whofe
ey« no fault of ours hath ever hitherto been ac
cuitomed to feem fmall. h^^^^,.

1 unfpeak mine own detraflion ; here abjure
The taints and W^«„ I bid upon myfelf.
For ftrangers to my nature. Siaiejfcare.

3. Hurt. Not now in ufe.

Therewith upon his crcft
With rigour fo outrageous he fmit,
That a large (hare it hew'd out of the reft.
And glancing down his Ihield, from bhme him
tairlybleiK Fairy Sl^ern.

4- i here is a peculiar ftruaure of this
word, in which it is not very evident
whether it be a wa« or a verb, but I
conceive it to be the „om,. To blame,
in i-rench a tort ; culpable ; worthy of
cenlure. '

You were K i/a„,, j „„(i ^^ j^j^ ^-^
To part fo flightly with your wile's firft giftl

whlrlT "?h '* *''"'"' '^'y "^-^ miftitcnf'but;
whether they were ,0 blame in the manner.

Now we fhould hold them much ,0 !u^'^"'-
If .hey went back before they came. Prior

Blameful, adj. [from blame mA fuin
<-riminal ; guilty ; meriting blame.

Is not the caufer of thefe timelefs deaths
A^ blameful as the executioner ? l^hakefteare

Bluntwitted lord, ignoble in demeanour, ''
If tver lady wrong'd her lord fo much,
rhy mother took into her blameful bed
Some Item untutor'd churl. kl„i u

Bla'mhless. adj. [from blame.] "^'"'"

B L A

Gu.ltlefsj innocent; exempt from
cenfure or blame. ^

iiatlJ^ZLTt "^'"~"^' "" ^;p^r' '"^

The flame, afcend on either altar S? "' ^•
While thus the blamelef, maid addrcfs'd her prayV.

Such a leirening of our coin will deprifeVen
number, of blamelfs men of a fi.th par't of fhdr

2. Sometimes it is ufed vvith of. ^'"'"'

We will bzblamdef.ofxkh thine oath.
D ' Jojhua, ii. 17.

Bl A ME. ,ESLr. ad'v. [from blameu/.]
Innocently ; without crime. ^

nnr'rh.' '*>= "'."H' °Vf^f^"S "r'icit artidr,, and
not the not b:l,eving them when not reveaiej or
ITaZni ^'5 ""-^-". '«-"« which he an„°
h^Jt' "■■*°«.P"'in«y. hold out, that wi'
bu.g danger of ruin on any. 'nal7Jd.

Bla melesness. „./ [from ilamele/s.-]
Innocence ; exemption from cenfure.

. ^"'"grefolvediwih him in Homer, that al'
;s cnargeable onjupiter^and fate, th.y infer, with

!,•_ L 1 , .' J"K"" ana rate, thry nicr. wir^
h^-r,,thei/W,^Wtheinferio'urasUC';.

blames or finds fault; a cclrer '^^

In me you-ve hallowed a pagan mufe.
And denizon d a Kranjer, who miltaught

virfur::^!^.''"'''''''^^'"'"-^''-'^^-^'''

r) , Donne

Bl;imewort„v. adj. [from blame and
T Tl Culpable; blamable; wor-
thy of blame or cenfure.
Although the famelhould bt blame^uortbi. ytl

ilocktr.

To BLANCH. 'V. n. [bloHcblr, Fr.J
I. To whiten; to change from fomtf'
other colour to white.

• You can behold fuch fights,
And keep the natural ruby of your cheeks.
When mine is WancAVwith f.ar. Shakfpeare.

A way of whiting wax cheaply may be of ufer
and we have fct down the prailice of tradefmcn
who tlarch it. d ;

And fin's black dye feems blancb'J bv agfto

2. ro ftrip or peel fuch things as have
hulks.

Their flippers may be bilket, raiCns of the fun,
and a few blanched almonds. fyTfcmar. ■

3- To flur; to balk; topafs over; tofhift
away. Not now in ufe.

The judges thought it dangerous to admit ifs
and ands, to quaHfy tieafon; whereby every one
might expreis his malice, and bia„cb his danger.
Vrt ^accn.

tV- u, T "'t tranfported in an aaion that warms
the blood and ,s appearing holy, to blanch, or
take (or admitted, the point of lawfulnefs. Bdcon.

/^» Bl A N CH^. „. To evade ; to /hift ;
to (peak foft.

Ofiim confiUrii mortui ; books will fpcak plain.
whenc.unfellorsi/.„.A, ^ IZ\

Blancher. „. f, [from blanch.] A
whitener. 2)/^

BLAND, adj. [blandus, Lat.] Soft; mildj
gentle. '

In her face excufe
Came prologue, and apology too prompt;
Which, with WaW words at will, ihe thus addrefs'd.

Aiikon.
An even calm
l"r-[<-l^\ rcign-d, fave what the zephyrs bland
Breath d o'er the blue expanf^ n,„fi„,

V^ Blandish. ^. «. [blandior, Lat.]
1 0 fmooth ; to foften. I have met with •
this word m no other paflage.

W.I. z, ... . MulVring all her wiles.
With iWj«V parleys, feminine aCuilts,
J ongue-batteries, ftc fo.ceas'd not day nor night
1 o^ftorm me ovcr-watch'd, and wearv'd our. Milt.
Ui-ANDisHMENT. „. / [(rom blartdijh i
blanditiee, Lat.]

1. Aa of fondnefs ; expreffion of tender-
neis by gefture.

The little babe up in his arms he hent,

•Can' fmit '''"'""" '"'' '"'''' ^'"'^'•J'^""'

' ^ . , , , Spcnjjr,

taeh bird and bend, behold
Approaching two and two ; thefe cow'rirg low -
V^a^blaM„..c., "^^/^^^^

2. 5)0ft words; kind fpeeches.

wh.„ K^j ^""tnefs and bland,Jhm,nt of word.,
that he took to heart. n *

J. lund treatment ; carefs.

R, ^Tr ^c"^^ T'" "'"' ^^•""''P'>'M detains : .
But I fufpedl the town where^Juno reign.. Dryd.

1' ', „* "^^r"" """"'""i'y^ neither blandijh.
»«r,n.rprom,fc, are omitted. ' .s4>.

BLANK, adj. [hlanc, Fr. derived Ly
Menage from Albianus. Xhyx% :■ AlbiaiJ,
albtamcus b,amcus. biancus, -bianco,
llantcus. b/a,uu,, hlanc ; by others, from
blanc, which, ,n Danifli, llgnifies /»,V,.
'ng ; in conformity to which, the Gcri
mans have blanch,; to fhlne ; the Sax-
ons, blxcan ; and the Englifh. bleach. '
to whiten.]

I. White.

Tr.ir^hVr"^' '"■'^"■""'' i '» "^'•">" fiv«
Ihcirpl.metary motion^. Mdti„.

Without

B L A

B L A

B L A

S. Wilkftt «T'ttii)g i unw-ritteR ; empty
"«| an Hwrka.

Our lubftiturei >t home fhiU line M<nt chittcrt,
Whctrto, when tbfy know th«t men ire rich,
Tbcy IhiU fublcribe cIkqi Idr luge fufns of cold.

Upon the debtor fi<ic> I &ad innun-cahle srti-
cle> ; but, upon the creditor 6dc, Uttk more ihin

J. P»le ; confiifed ; crufhed ; difpirited ;'
Albdued ; dcprefTcd.
TIttte wKhout fuch boaA,or 6ga of joy.

Solicitous ind tUnk, l:e t. ut be^an. JkCtkm,

Ad«m, Ccon a> he heard
The fatal trefpafs d.•^^.c by Etc, amax'd,
Aftonied ftood, and HAttk, while honour chill
Ran through his rans, and all hit joiotj rciai'd.

But new no face divine contentment weir; ;
*Tis all kU*k fadnefs, or colttinual i'eaii, Pr/v.

4. Without rhyme ; where the rh^rme is
iUatteJ, or mi fled.

The lad) fltali lay her mind ftoely, or the H«fk
verfe ikall halt for it. ' SUk^etn.

Lon( have your cart been fill'd with tra^ick
pttti;
Blood lad Html yafe have harden'd all your heartt.

Oar Unt Tcrfe, where then it no rhrme to fup-
port the cxpt«fioa, it extremely difficult to fuch u
arc not maften in the tongue. jU£Jtm,

Blank, u.f. [from the adjefUve.]
I. A void (pace on paper.

1 cannot WTite a paper hill as 1 ufcd to do \ and
yet 1 «riU Dot fottiTC a U*»k of half an inch from
you. i«!7>,

5. A lot, by which nothing is gained ;
which has no prize marked upon it.

If you have hcarJ \our general ta.k of Rome,
And of his friends there, it is lots to A.,»»Ji
My name hath touch'd %'our ran. Sk^kijft*^,

In ^rtuneH lottery lies
A heap ofiUwIa, like this, ^ one inull pi^R.

The worid the coward will defpif:,
When Uic 's a Utnl, who pulls not for • priie.

3. A paper from which the writing is
effaced.

She hat left him
The Aunrf of what he was ;
I tell thee, euouch, flie hat ^ite onmann'd h'ni.

4. A paper unwritten ; any thing with-
out roaiks or charaifters.

For him, 1 think not oa bia { for his thouffatr.
Would they wctc ilamb, iMbct than fiJ'd with

O.: what is neceffary,

Seais . ) to a i^-iti of danger. Sitktf.

>.^; ;i,c book of knowlcdp fair,
Prrfcotej with an uni^eifsl iltmk
Ofnjture's«x»iks, tome ripun^'iand rat'd. ^f;.'.-.

Life n\x\ he cne great hUmk^ which, though not
bloi^eJ with fin, is yet without any chara&is 01
{riit -■•f virnje. Rtgrr^,

5. The point to which aa arrow is dirrA-
ed ; fo called, becaulV, to be mote vi-
fible, it u;u marked wuh white. Now
difoTed.

Slander.
V .'per o'er the .' -ter,

: ■>e csnnon :
Til '.Mi'JiS-t. Sitkr^*tn.

6. Ah. . Not ufcd.

i .r hailjt king ,

I< f alte beyond my aim { »ut ^f the M»i

And v<i- t'>v» h'. n. Siitkijlf*0rt.

And - 'Vif.-;^,

F .

7. Ob, ..ch any thing i.

J

S.T belter, Lear, and let me Aill temaiB
The true i'.'aul of thine eye, Slsktfffare,

Tt Blank. <i-. «. [from t-Lmi i 6li»-

thir, Fr.]
I. To damp ; to confiife ; to difpirit.

Each oppoCte, that K^inlti the face of toy,
Meetwhatl would have W'f ' ' .^mI.

Dagoa nuft ftooy, aitd v
Such a di(comfir. ss 1^1 ill c ^ ...

^ Of all thefe b. . won on me.

And with cor 'j «^*^ft;'ppers. .W?^^.

If the athci'.l, »:ic.-. K,-
hit foul trmaint, how will :
iirtW.' J

i. To efface; to annul.

All fotroer porpofcs were JiVih/, thr ^ ^ ■ -^ -
at a bay, and all that charge Ibft and .:

Bla'kket. H.f. [HaK(ht!lt,?T.]

1. A woollen cover, foft, and loofely wo-
ven, fpread commonly upon a bed, over
the lineu theet> for the procurement ci
warmth.

Nor hear'n peep tfaiooffa tiwMMteof the darl.
To vr\ , hold * hold ! ^mk^irt.

The abilitiet of nan mall fall ihoit oa mm fide
or other, like too fcanty a hUiia when joo an
a-bed ; if yr>u pull it upoa your &9uMcn, you

le^ L.-. . :• vnu thtwft it down apoD

> . e uncovcnd. 7iwfit.

ied chiefiKe fpkt.
As from the i—^ttt high in air he flir<. F.-fe.

2. A kind ot' pear, Ibmeiiznes written

r* Bl.<v'ncet. «. «. [from the noun.]
I. To cover with a blanket.

My face I'.l (;rimr with fi!th j
BUnka my l.^iiu \ tie all my hair in k:io». .S^'ai.

I. To tofs in a blanket, by way of penalty
or contempt.
.•VS, oh ! he cry'd, what ftirst, what Uae, but
knows
Our purgiogt, pompnitt, Ijhriiriiji, *ad blr>«t .-

Pfe.

Bla'k k:.t. tul'v. [from ^'diti.] In a blank
manner ; with whitenefs ; with pale-
ncl's ; with confufion.

r^Bi-ARE. -i. ». [iiwiar, Dutch.] Tobel-
low ; to roar. Skimur.

Te BLASPHE'ME. v. *. [Mf^^&ow, low
Lat.]

1. To fpeak in terms of impious irrere-
rence of God.

2. To fpeak evil of.

The tiucii iflije of thy throne

By hit own imerdiaion Aandt acran'd;.

And doct HJIm hit breed. SiaU^ttr..

Thoft wl).> Awn oar taboan heap tbcir board,

BU'piim:' their feeder, and l> rget their lord. Pif*

7« B L A s r H c' M B . V. ». To fpeak blafphe-
mv.

LiwrofMj^urf.fJ«w. • S»<*;^ae*.

I punilhed them aft in every ffUttegK, and

compel ed them to Htjfimti, jtSs,

Blasphe'iher. m./. [fi\>m t/i^twf.j A

wretch that fpeaks of God in imptoos

and irreverent term;.

W .".n was be^re a Mg^tearr, and 1 perfecutor,

a-.l injur* out. I ^Taarfr.

l^.en Ikat Itj^laair kiaMf woaM inward];

rT> - c ><•« rearovo^ .at Ik ia lat heart mSy

I )«b« tw—ily bafe tfetKx. ^Mitf.

. .irrt Wrjtnaff's tcngur to T«ge^

A.io t, > ■ "ge. ?i.-t«S.

Sh.' he rod,

Decjule tue iniui; s r.-: ;.^ ni.. -. . .:;«iod? J*^.

Bla'sfhemous. «^. [from /.V^irwf. It
is ufual y fpokt . ; ;it on the

£rll fyUable, b- -• with it

on the fecond.l Impioufly irreverent
with regard tr God.

O tr-jT, rake ^u the godt daft move.

To cauic full w h'ucanfl not refiS;

BU^ttmzm w.^ . do prove. Sii»,

Ami darV t) ' .4 propouni

To worihip thee , . ....je iccurft

For ihit attempt, boldet ctiaa that on Etc,

Aad oure iUj*i»mm> t Miim.

A man can tui^'y oafs the Areett, widtoai hav-
ing hii eaia grated ».,h b.;«.^d acd kuMmutt
oaths and curfct. Tilla/a.

That aay thsag that wear* tlw aane m a

chnfi.^n. or lut of n.ar-.. ihAu.d vcatttie ta <!«■
fu.' :^Jfi^ma ilkr-

ti.-:. .i.i! jw*.

Bla'$fheuou.^l\ . m iJM/^kimt.^

Impicufly ; w^th • .^ w , irrerereaoe.

^- wU of b-« reafoo, while 2k

».' : up to coDtioul the eon-

raji.fi . ; ::>. .^ini ;-.ry? Svt^,

Bla'sphemt. »./. [from Um^itmt.]

SUJjitrr}, ttri^iy and propcHy, it an .fiet ing sf
r>me indignity, or iajary, uaco Cod himfitif, ei-
ther by wiirds or writing. Jtj^t.

Eut that my bcaK '^ oa htwe m'fchief fet,
I anxild fpeak M;/^4a^ ere bidycu fiy;
But fly yon moft. atalj^ii.

Inttia&ck fOodae& coisfitls in accotdaaoe, aad
fin =- — — -?ty, to the fecret will of God j or
e'.: not be dc£ac4 goad, ib far at lu«

th- rciett, bat oely faperfciaBy gaed,

.' s fir as he IS pleafcd to icveal himfcif, w hidi it
pe^lefi Wj^Aflwj to imagine. H—mmd.

BLAST, nlf. [fhmi bhepc. Sax. hU^i
Germ. 10 blow,]

1. A guft or pufi'of wind.

I'hey thai .land hi^l. hitemaay litJU to ftalte
them i
Aad, if ihey fall, they 4a& tlaemfehei t» pieces.

. Hwo,
Th.iu unfobf ^; I embracej

1 >. . hau blown onto the —g

frtnaps tny tortuneaotii egMKal ike windt,
D.^th loofe or biad ikar Utdt ia-feret cave. Ft^.

Tsr~- .1. nt wrn. hernM by the fcachaa ivUf,
-A .^et withAwfca*. DriJrm.

2. 1 by blowing sny inini-
mcnt of wind mu£ck.

In pea^r ;'.Kr: \ .-i.->;h: s fo becantet a BMB,
As mo;.-

Bot wfc.- .T\ aur eatt,

TI. .e action f! the Vfsa. SlJli^un.

^ oampet— tbe aagelick Uajf
F ,-^5ioat. JHSha.

The Veli.-ie lountains, and fulphamat K«r,
Shake at the baichil iitA, the fi^aal of the war.

Z>i7w-'ca.

Whether there be two jifierrat goddcHcs called
Fame, or oac feMeft feotriBng two diSr^vnt trsm.
pcrs, it is ctttata irUlaiaj liat at good a title t? a
Ht/t tmta i)k ftvfw truspet, at virtue has (rem
the former, SviO,

3. The ftroke of* malignant plare: ; is^
infeftion of any thjag peililenti*.'. [teoa
the verb 7* lljifi.'\

B\ the «»yf of Cxi they pTsfli. Jii,

Te Blast, v, «. [ftxMn the noon,]

1, To ftrike with fame fudden plague or

C.i'-rn;;v.

'ngflanm

I ■ , , y,

'^ :'c4^ dtaw.i by tu f^»xrt»A An,

jJ her pnde. 5c«t .'*..»*.■

o.t ' r oi ;...s, it tiwte not Ibae cbeCea cuiie,
Soae hiddca tboadec ia the Aaie of kea««s.
Red with aaooaunoa wrari^ lo tJ)t the a>an
Vn>a own hit gntiutb ta liit cuont^v't t«ia }

z. To T'

t'pe.'. ^i*ltef 001 wtj^'Sitt.

Aad

BLA

• i-m

BLC

Vast I «■ jMo^ i[, Ac a lb*r «><<.

T~^"' " g ■ ji' ■■"*■»'■» 'J ihw^Ti' lit

B L E

* LE

B L E

?. To dim the eye*.

This may ftar.i for 1 pretty fupfTficial jrgu-
nienC, to iltar out eyes, and lull lis aflecp in fecu-
ricy. Raitigh.

Ble'aredness. n.f. [from iUareJ.'\ The
ftate of being bleared, or dimmed with
rheum.

The dcfluxioo falling upon the edges of the
. eyclidt, makes a lltareir.tji. Wi^ev.an.

To BuEAT. 'v.n. [bliccan, Saxon.] Tocry
as a flieep.

We were as twlnn'd lambs, that did friflc i' th'
fun.
And lltiit the one at tV other. Sbuhrffesre.

You may as well ufs tjaertion with the wi^lf,
V/hy he iutl» made the ewe tteat for the lamb.

^Sefcb. of l^atUf*

While on fweet grafs her bkaung char.;e docs lie,
'Our happy lover feeds upon her eye. Rojtivmon.

What bull dares bcUon, or what ihecp dare; hleitt.
Within the lion's den ? Drydtn.

Bleat, n.f. [from the verb.] The cry
of a (heep or iamb.

Set in my Ihip, mine ear reach'd, where we rode,

The bellowing of oxen, and the bkat

Of fleecy ihccp. Chapman.

■Bleb. n.f. [Wii^/;, to fwell. Germ.] A

bliiter. Skinmr.

Bled. JireUrite and participle, [from To

bUcd.]
.?■(» Bleed, -v. n. pret. I ikJ ; I luve

ileii. [bliban, Saxon.]
i. To lofe blood ; to run with blood.

1 bleed inwardly for my lord. Shatejpeare.

Bleed, bleed, p^or country !

"Great tyranny, lay thou thy bafis fure ;

For goodnefs dare not check thee ! Shakefpiare.

Many, upon the feeing of others bleed, or ftran-

gled, or tortured, themfelves are ready to faint, as

itthcy /j/iv/. Bjiiii.

:2. To die a violent death.

The lamb thy riot dooms to hieed'ia-iiy ;
Had he thy reaf6n, would he (kip and play ? Pope.

•3.- To. lofe blood medicinally ; as, he hlal
for a fever.

4. To drop, as blood. It is applied to
any thing that drops from fonie body on
incilion, as blood from an animal.

For me tlic balm iliall bleed, and amber flow,
The coral n-dden, and the ruby glow. P'pe.

Te Bleed, -u. a. To let blood ; to take
blood from..

That from a patriot of diftinguifti'd note,
Have bled and purg'd me to a fimpic vote. Pope.

Bleit. 7 '^i- Bafhful. It is ufed in
Blate. J Scotland, and the bordering

counties.
TflBLE'IVIISH. f. a. [from Ihme, Junius;

from bleme, white, Fr. Skinner.']
I. To mark with any deformity.

Likelier that my outward face might have been
(lifi;uifcd, than that the face of fo excellent a mind
conld have been thus blemijhed. Sidney.

.2. To defame ; to tarnifh, with refpedl to
lepatation.

Not that my verfe would blem'tp all the fair ;
Potyetif fomebcbidj'tis wifdom toheware. Vtyd.

'I^hofp, who, by concerted defamations, cndea.
vourtto^/<'in^ his chara^cr, incur the complicated
guilt of (lander and perjury. Add'tjon.

3i.e'mi6H- n.j. [from the verb.]
». A mark of deformity ; a fear ; a di-
minution of beauty.

As he hath caufed a blei/tyh in a man, fo (hall it
be 'done to him again. Leviticus.

Open it fo from the eye-lid, that you divide
not that ; for, in fc doing, you will leave a reme-
AUcfs bl:.K:Jh, fVifemnn.

2. Reproach; difgrace; imputation.

That you have been earned, (hould be no blemijij
or difcredit at all unjo you.,- Hexker.

And if we (hall ncjiled to propagate tbefe
h!!j(rcd difpoficiiins, what others can unilcrtakc it,
wi'hout fume bletnijb to us, fome reflexion on our
negligence ? Sprmi.

None more induftrioudy publi(h the hlemipjet ot
an extraordinary reputation, than fuch as lie open
to the fame cenfarcs ; raifing applaufc to thcm-
folves, for refcmbling a perfon of an exalted repu-
tation, though in the blameable parts of his cha-
racter. Aiidijon.

3. A- foil; turpitude ; taint ; deformity.

f irft (hall virtue be vice, and beauty be counted

.3 bit. -.jh.

Ere that I leave with fong of praife her praife to

folemniae. kidney.

.Live thou, and to thy mother dead attell,

Thatdear fliedicd iromblemijh criminal. Fairy S^.

Is conformity with Rome a bkmijh unto the

ehnrch of England, and unto churches abroad an

ornament ? Hooker.

Not a hair pcriih'd :
On their fui^aining garments not a blemijh.
But freiher than before. Sbakefpeare,

Evadnc's huiband 1 'tis a fault
To love, a bhmijh to my thought. Waller.

Tliat your duty may no blemijh take,
I will mylelf your father's captive make. Drydcrt.
Such a mirth as this is capable of making a
beau' ., as well as a blemijh, the fubjeft of derifion,

Addijon.

To Blench, ■v. n. To Ihrink ; to ftart
back ; to give way : not ufed. ■

I'll obfcrve his looks j
I'll tent him to the quick; if he but llench,
I know my courfe. Sbakefpeare.

Patience herfelf, what goddefs e'er (he be,
Doth lefi'er bleneh at fuft'erance than I do. Shakejp.

Hold you ever to our fpecial drift ;
Though fometimes you do bleneb from this to that,
As caui'e doth miniftcr. Sbakefpeare.

To Blench, 'v. a. To hinder; to ob-
ftrua. Not ufed.

The rebels beliegcd them, winning the even
ground on the top, by carrying up great truflV-s
of hay before them, to blench the defendants
fiiiht, and dead their ihoc. Carenv,

To BLEND, -v. a. preter. I blended; an-
ciently, blent, [blinban, Saxon.]

1. To mingle together.

'Tis beauty truly ^twr, whofe red and white
Nature's own fweet and cunning hand hach laid
on. Sbakefpeare.

The mill'ton taught by the ancients is too llii;ht
or grofs ; for bodies mixed acco;ding to their hy-
pothefis, would not appear fuch to the apute eyes
of a lynx, who would difccrn the tleme^cs, if they
were no othcrwife minj;kd, than but blended l>at
not united. Soyle.

He had his calmer influence, and his mien
Did love and mnjeily together blend, Dryden.

The grave, where even the great find rci>,
And blended lie ih' opprelTor and tli' opnrcis'd.

P9fe.

2. To confound.

The moon Ihould wander from her beaten way,
the times and fealons of the year blend thcmfelve,-
by difordercd and confufed mixtu e. Ho'^f.

3. To pollute; to fpoil ; to corrupt. This
fignilication was anciently much in ufc,
but is now wholly obfolcte.

Wliich when he faw, he burnt with jealous f^" j
The eye of reafon was with xa^e yblenr. Fitiry ^

Regard of worldly muck doth femWy- blend.
And luw abafe th.: high heroick fpirit. Fmry.^

The whilrt thy kingdom from thy head is rent,
And thy throne royal withdi(honour Hen'. Spenfcr.

Ble'nder. n.f. [iroia To blend.] The

perfon that mingles.
Blent. The obfolete participle o( blend.

See Blend.

To BLESS. 'V. a. preterite and participle,
blejfed Qx bleji. [bleppan, Saxon.

1 . To make happy ; to profper ; to make
fuccefsful.

The (ju.iliry of mercy it not (Irain'd ;
It droppcth as the gentle rain of heaven
Upon the place beneath. It is twice blefi'd;
It bleffeth him that gives, and him that takes.

Sbakefpeare,

Had X but died an hour before this chance,
I had liv'd a blejfed time ; for, from this inftant.
There 's nothing fcrious in mortality. Shakefp,

Thii kingdom enjoyed the greateft calm, and tlie
fulleft meafure of felicity, that any people, in any
age, for (0 long time together, have been Heffii
with. Ctarendun,

Happy this ille, with foch a hero blcft ;
What Virtue dwells not in his loyal bread ? Waller,

In vain with folding arms the youth alTay'd
To ftop her flight, and drain the flying (hade ;
But (he retum'd no more, \ablcfi bis longing eyes.

Dryden.

O hofpitable Jove ! we thus invoke,
Blefs to both nations this aufpicious hour. Dryden.

2. To wilh happinefs to another ; to pro-
nounce a bleiiliig upon him.

And this is the blcding wherewith Mofes th«
man of God bltffed the children of Ifrael before
his death. Deutaonmty.

3. To confecrate by a prayer.

He blejfui, and brake, and gave the loaves.

Matthev3,

4. To praife ; to glorify for benefits re-
ceived ; to celebrate.

Unto us there is one only gj'de of all agenti
natural, and he both the creator and worker of all
in all, alone to be bUJfed, adored, and honoured by
all for ever. Hooker.

But blefs'd be that great pow'r, that hath ai
blefs'd
With longer life than earth and heav'n can have.

Davitu

5. It feems, in one place of Spen/er, ta
fignify the fame as to icave ; to bran-
dip ; to fiourijh. This lignification is
taken from an old rite of our Romilh an-
cellors, who, bhjjing a field, direded
tht'ir hands in quick fucccl&on to all
parts of it-

Whijm when the prince to battle new addrefl,
And thrcat'ning high his dreadful droke did (txr.
His fparkling blade about his head he bUft,
And fmote oH quite bis right leg by the knee.

Fiiiry Sjaen.
Ble'ssed. particip. adj. [from To ble/sS]

1. Happy; enjoying felicity.

Bl<l/ed are the barren. I.yke,

2. Holy and happy ; happy in the favour
of God.

All generations (hall call m; blejfed. l,uke,

3. Happy in the joys of heaven.

B eJJ'ed arc the dead whic)i die in ihe Lord. Rev.

Ble'ssed Thijlle. [c/hV;//, Lat.] The name
of a plant.

Ble'ssedlv. adv. [from blejfed.] Hap-
pily.

This aecident of Clitophon's taking, had fo
hhfl'edly procured'tlu- r meeting. Sidney.

Ble'ssed NESS. n.f. [from blsffed.]

1. Happinefs; felicity.

Muny times have 1, leaning to yonder palm, ad-
mired the blej'ednefs of it, that it could bear love
without the (tnfc of pain. Sidney..

His overthrow hcap'd happinefs upon him j
For then, and not till then, he felt h.rafelf,
And found the bleJfeSneJs of being little. Sbak^fp.

2. Saniflity.

EaithJier happy is the rofc dirtill'd,
Th in that, which, withering on the virgin thorn,
Grows, lives, and dies in fingle blejl'ednefs. SbakeJp.
3. Heavtnly

BL I

J. Heavenly felicity.

It is fuch an one, as, being begun in grace,
panes into glory, ^'^j^a^/S, and immortalltv. 5c;«,.''

4. Divine favour.

Ble'sser. n. /. [from ile/s.'] He that

bleffes, or give* a bleffing ; he that

makes any thing profper.

When thou receivclt praik, take it indifferently,
and return it to God, the giver of the titt, or hlelJer
oftheaOion. cj-^f,^^

Ble'ssing. n. /. [from bhfs.]

t. Benediaion ; a prayer by which hap-

pinefs is-implored for any one.
3. A declaration by which happinefs is

promifed in a propheticlc and authori-

tativt manner.

The perfon that is called, kneeleth down before
the chair, and the father layeth hi, hand upon his
head, or her heid, and giveth the bkffmg. Bac:r..

J. Any of the means of happine/s; a gift;
an advantage ; a benefit.

Nor are his bi,£;,:?! to his banks confin'd.
Jut free, and common, as the fea and wind.

n-1-.- 1 • 1 ,• . . Dtttbjm.

Pohtical jealoufy is very reafonable in terlons
p»fuaded ot the ey.tei:ency r.f their conrtitution,
who believe th..t they derive from it the moft va-
luable i/r/.^j of fociety. jldJlfoK

Ajult anj wile magidrate is .1 H,Ji;„g awrxren- '
Sve as the community to. which he belongs • a
bhffmi which i-.clud:! ah utber l/ijrr., wha:fo<ver
th.t relate to .lis I.fc. .f/r.^w!

-f. Divine favour.

My pretty coufin,
-B/^»f upon you ! Shak:(piarc

a had moil need of blcfwg, and Amen
Stuck in my thrc.t. Shahf(,eur,.

Honour tny fa^^er and mnther. both in «urd
ihd deed, that a blrjlng may come upon thee from
Cnenn. » .

He fl»ll receive thcU.JJmg frnm the Lord. P/i'.
5. 1 he Hebrews, under this name, often
underftood the prefents which friends
make to one another ; in all probabi-
bty, becauie they are generally attended
With blcjji,tgs and compliments both from
ttofe who give, and thofe who receive.

a J I L r • . ; Calmet.

And Jacob faKl, receive my prefer at my hand ;
take, 1 pray thee, my tLf.^^ that ,s brcught t
T> ' . . Gaifii.

iii-fsT.pretirHemAfttrtidpIe. [from ilejiA

Peace to thy gentle (hade, and endlefs rell '
Jiup in thy senius, in thy 1 >»« too bhfi I p^,,
Blew. The freterite from i.'exu.

The reft fled into a Orong tower, where, feeinr
no remedy, they defperately b/co up ti^mfeivest
wth a great part of the caSle, with gunpowder.
I! /■ . . ™ Kn://cs.

liLEYME. n. /. An inflammation in the
■ foot of a horfe, between the fole and the

_ ^°"«- Farrier's Dia.

Blicht. »./ [The etymology unknown.!

1. Mildew; according to Skinner: but it
fccms taicen by moft writers, in a o-c
neral fenfc. for any caufe of the failure
of fruits.
1 complained to the oldeft and beft garden{rs,

eae.med it fume tl.ght o! the fpr'ng. ToOi/r.

'• ^"y ''""g ijpping, or blafiing.

When you come to the proof once, the firft
Ihih, of f.oft Ihall moa infaUibly ftnp lou of a
y^ir glory. L'EA

7i Blight. ,.. .,. [frohi the noun.] "'^''
I. io corrupt with mildew.

nunwalftcams; ,t tl.cn blalli vtgeublcs, %M

Fi

B L I

corn and fruit, and is fometimes injurious even

2. In general, to blaft ; to hinder from
fertility.

My country neighbours do not find it impoffible
to think af a lame horfe they have, or theW /ligbteti
corn, till they have run over in their minds all

But left hnrrti care the lover's peace deftr oy.
And roughly b/igtt the tender buds of jov.
Let reafon teach. 'Lytul,c„.

BLIND, adj. [bhnb, Saxon.]
I. Deprived of fight ; wanting the fenfe
of feeing ; dark.

_ The b/i,,d man that governs his fteps by feel-
ing, m delea of eyes, leceivcs advertifement of
things through a ftjff. pj^

Thofe pther two, equall'd with me in fate.
So were I equali'd with them in renown !
£/W Thamyris, and blirj Maonide; ;
And TeiTfias, and Phineas, pn p'leti old. Mi/t-,^.

2. Intelleftually dark ; unable to judge ;
Ignorant : with io before that which is
unfeen.

All authors tn their own defers art: b/inj:
Hadft thou but, Janus like, a face behind,
io fee the people, what fphy mouths they make;
1 o mark their fingers pointed Ltthy back. Dr,d.

3. Sometimes o/'.

v,^'"n "l ''"' ^'""» ""* ^1 "E'-" milled, -
He pulls his crimes upon his pe isle's lu-ad. D^yd.

4. Unfeen ; out of the publick view ; pri-
vate : generally with fome tendency to
feme contempt or cenfure.

To grievous and fcantlalous inconveiiencies thev
make tl.emlelves fubje«, with whom any blind oV
fecret corner is judged a fit houfe of common

5. Not eafily difcernible ; hard to find'j
dark; obfcure ; unfeen.

There be alio blind fires under ftone, which
flame not out; bat oU being poured upon them,
they flame out. d -

Ql, .1 , • r '^^"•'"' "="■'

3Ra.l 1 inform my unacquainted feet

In the Uir,d mazes of this tangled wood ? M'tlton.

I ^"Z 1 1? *'"■'"'' » '"ng J''"n'al night,
1-ed through i/W paths by each deluding light !

I'art crcepmg underground, their jouvoey blind.
And climbing trom below, their fellows meet.

So mariners miftake the promis'd guft, "^
And, with full fails, on thei/,W roekj are lort.

A A 1 DrydcB.

A poftem door, yet unobferv'd and free,
/o.n'd by the length of a blind gallery,
To the king's clolct led. DrjA*.

6. BlinJ FeJJih. [with chymifts.] Such

as have no opening but on one fide.
Ti Blind. ^^. a. [from the ftoun.]
I. To make blind ; to deprive of fight.

•V ou n'mble liglitnings, dart jouri;,W;„f flames
Into her fcornful eyes ! ZhShj^ear..

l-lmd mine eyes therewith ? and I will rcftore it.

A blind guide « certainly a great mifchief j bur

L^f/^i"*'"'^."""''^ *'">'" h« AooW lead, U
unJoubtedly a much greater. s^uth.

z. To darken ; to obfcure to the eye

I hat the black night receives a deeper dye. DrJd.

3- To darken the anderllanding.

This my Iong-;uff-ering, and my day of grace,
They who neglea and fcorn Hull never taile.
But hard be harden'd, blin-l b. bli:,ded more. Mil,

4. 1 0 obfcure to the undcrllanding.

The ftatc ..f the controvcrfy bttw«n us he en-
deavoured, with .11 hi. art, to W/Wand confound.

, Stiltingjica.
I

B L I N D . ». /.

1. Something to hinder the fight.

Hjrdly any thin_g in our converlation is puns
and genuine ; civility cads a blind over the dutv,
under fome cuflcmary uord;.. VEflraurc.

2. Something to millead the eye, or the
underftanding.

TheCe difcouiles fet an oppofition between his
commands and decrees; making the one a WW
Jor the^execution of the other. Decay of Pi„u
fo Bli ndfold. 'V. a. [from blind and-
fold-l To hinder from feeing, by blind-
ing the eyes.

When they had blindfolded him, they flruck ■
him on the face. Luke.

Bli'nd^'old. tttij. [from the verb.] Hav-
ing the eyes covered.

And oft himfelf he chanc'd to hurt unwares, ,
Whilft reafon, blent through paflion, nought deJV ■

cried,
But, as a hlmdfold bull, at random fares,
And wiiei-e he hits, nought knows, and where-
he hurts, nought cares. Fairf «l,c«.

Who blindfold walks upon a river's brim.
When he fljould fee, has he deferv'd to Iwim ?

When lots are fliufflcd together, or a man 'bli^d'
fold cafts a dye, what rcafjii can he have to pic-
lun.e, tiut he Ihall draw a white ftone rather than
a black? <-,„,;

1 he women wiil look into the (late of tlie nation
with their own eyes, and be no longer led blindfold
by/ m^ie leglflature. Mdif^n,

Si.iNDLy. ad'v. [{ramilind.y

1. Without fight.

2. Implicitly; without examination.

The old king, after a long debate.
By his imperious niiftrcfs hlwdli led.
Has given Cydaria to Oitellan's bed. Dfyde*.
How re..dy zeal for inlerell and pariy, is to
charge atheifm on thofe, who will not. without
examining, fubmit, ind-blindly fwallow their non-
fen fe. Le ke

3. Without judgment or diredlion.

Hjw feas, and earth, and air, and aitive flame.
Fell through the mighty void; and, in their fall,J;
Were bUdly gither'd in this goodly ball. Diydcn,
Bli ndman's buff. ». /. A play in
which lome one is to have his eyes co- :
vered, and hunt out the reft of the
company.

Dilguis'd in all the mafk of night.
We l':ft our champion on his flight;
At blindaan's buff to grope his way,
In equal fe.ir of night and day. Ihdibrai. '
He imagines I fliut my eyes again; hut lorely
he fanc.es I pby at blindnum\ buff w;th him ; for
he^tnmks I never hav.- i.iy eyes open. Sullingfieet.
Uli n I) NESS. n.f. [from ^//V;//.]

1. VVant of fight.
I will fniitc every h lufc of the people wiili bliDi.

-, * . Zccbariub.

2. ignorance ; intelleftual darknefs.

All the reit as born of fav..ge brood.
But svhli bife thoughts, are into ili„J„cfs led,-
And kept from looking on the lightfome day.

XT ,, . . ' Spetifer.

Nor can we call it choice, when what we chule.
Folly and Wi„./,,Y/i only could refufe. V.nham. ■

Wher)foe^■vr we would proceed beyond thefe
r.mple Ideas, we fall preferitly into darknefs and '
difficulties, and can difcover nothing farther but
our own blmdnefi and ignorance. L^cke

Bli ND NETTLE. «. / ifcrofularia.\ A
plant. ■*

Bli'ndside. n.f. [from blind and/frft.]
Weaknefs; foible; weak part.

He Is too great a lover of himfelf; this is on«
: of his blindjidii J the bell of men, I fear, arc not
' without them. ^•,(,;,j

Bli'ndworm. n.f. [c^cilia,- from blind
• Cc z and

B L I

tnd ivur/n.] A fraall viper, called like-
wife a flow worm ; believed not to be
venQmous.

You fpottcd fnakcs, with double tongur,
Thoniy lied^thogs, be not fe<rn ;
Newts and t/itiJtuirm: , do no wrong;
Come not near our fairy queen. Stehffeare.

The gre»ter (low worm, called alfo the iliml-
tvorm, is cotninonly thought to be blind, becaufc
of the littlerefs of his eycj. Gritv.

To BLINK. V. n. [blincken, Danifh.]
t. To wink, or twinkle with the eyes.

So politick, as if one eye
Upon the other were a fpy ;
That, to trepan the one to think
The other blind, both ftrove to */;»*. JIuJih.

2. To fee obfcurely.

What s here I the portrait of a hRtiking ideot.
' SialuJftJre.
Sweet mi lovely wall.
Shew me thy chink, to hiink through with mine
eyne. Sbakeff. MtJjummer Night's Driam.
His figure fuch as might his foul proclaim ;
One eye vns^hlinkifg, and one leg was laxnc. Pojit.
Bli'kkard. n. /. [ftom blink.']

1. One that has bad eyes.

2. Something twinkling.

In fomc parts wc fee many glorious and'eminent
ftars, in others few of any remarkable grcatnefs,
and in fome none hMUinkards, and obfcurc ones.

lUkcivW.

BLISS, n. f. [bhj-j-e. Sax. from bh^apan,
to rejoice.]

1. The higheft degree of happinefs ; blef-
fednefs ; felicity : generally ufed of the
happinefs of blclTed fouls.

A mighty Saviour hath wltnelTcd of himfelf, I
•iti the way ; the way tjjat leadclh us from mifery
into blifi. ' Hwikir.

Dim fadnefs did not fpare
That time celeftial vifages; yet, mix'd
With pity, violated not their hliji. Miltor.

With me
All my redcem'd may d«;»:i1, in joy and h/'ft. Milt.

2, Felicity in general.

Condition, circumftancc is not the thing;
,BliJi is the fame in fubjeO or in king. Poft.

34.i's8FUL. adj. [from bli/s and /«//.] Full
of joy ; happy in the highell degree.

Yet iwimming in that fea of i/ifsfu/ yyy,
He nought forgot. Fairy ^iieen.

The t%vo faddcft Ingredients in hell, are depriva-
tion of the blijsful vifion, and confufio« of face.

liamm'^nd.

Reaping immortal fruits of joy and love.
Uninterrupted joy, unvival'd love,
Jn bnjiful folitude. Milton.

So peaceful (halt thou end thy hViJiful days,
And rt;al thyfelf from life by (low decays. Pofr.

Firft in the fields 1 try the filvan ftrainS,
Nor blu(h to fport in Windfor's blipful plains.

Poft.

Bti'ssruLLY. adv. [from bli/sful.'] Hap-
pily.

Bli'ssfulness. »./. {from bli/sful.'] Hap-
pinefs ; fulnefs of joy.

To Bli'ssom. -v. n. To caterwaul; to be
luftful. T>iii.

BLl'STER. n.f. [bluyjier, Dutch.]

I. A puftule formed by raifing the cuticle
from the cutis, and filled with ferous
blood.

In this ftate (he g.illops, night by night,
O'er ladiet lips, who (trait on kifl'es dream.
Which oft the angry Mab with bliftin plagues,
Becaufc their breaths with fwccuneau tainted arc.

Shaktjftart.

I found a great blifltr drawn by the garlick, but

liad it cut, which run a good deal of water, but

*lled again by neit .night. 7imt>lt.

BL O

2. Any fwelling made by the feparation
of a film or &in from the otlier parts.

Upon the leaves there rifctlr a tumour like a
hhftrr. Bann.

To Bli'«te». 1/. «. [from the noun.] To
rife in blifters.

If I prove honeymouth, let my tongue blifter.
And never to my rcd-loolt'd anger be
The trumpet any more. Shakrfpcare.

Embrace thy kne« with loathing hands,
Which blifler when they touch thee. Drydn.

To B L I's T E R . f . a.

1. To raife blifters by fome hurt, as by a
bum, or rubbing.

Look, here comes one, a gentlewoman of mine.
Who fallirtg in the flaws of her own yDuth,
Harh bliftti'J licr report. Shakejftarc.

2. To raife blifters with a medical inten-
tion.

I klijicrtd. the legs and thighs ; but was too late :
he died howling. Wifman.

BLITHE, adj. [bh«e, Saxon.] Gay; airy;
merry ; joyous; fprightly; mirthful.
We have always one eye (ixed upon the counte-
! nance of our enemies ; and, according to the
tliihe or heavy afpcft thereof, our other eye (hew-
eth fome other fuitable token either of diflike or
approbation. Hooker.

Then figh not fo, but let them go.
And be you tliltc and bonny. Shairffear.:

For that fair female troop Uiou faw'lt, that leem'd
Of goddetfe, fo blithe, fo fmooth, fo gay;
Yet empty of all good. Milicn.

To whom th? wily adder, blithe and glad ;
Enaprefsl^e way is ready, and not long. Milton.

And the milkmaid fingeth hlithe.
And the mower whets bis fcythe. Mikr,».

Should he return, that troop fo blithe and bold,
Precipitant in fear, would wing their flight. Prfc.
Bli'thlv. ad--j. [from blilbe.] In a

blithe manner.
Bm'thness. 7 n.f. {irom. blithe.]

Bli'thsomen'ess. j The quality of be-
ing blithe.
Bli'th&ome. adj. [from blitke.] Gay;
cheerful.

Frofty blafts deface
, The blithfme year : trees of their (hrivell'd fruits
Arc widow'd. PBili/^s.

To- BLoAT. 'V. a. [probably from blo-tv.]
To fwell, or make turgid vvith wind :
it has a/, an intenfive particle.

His rude e'itays
Encourage him, and blsat him b/> with praife,
That he may get more bulk before he dies. Dryd.
The ftrutting petticoat fmooths all di.linQions,
levels the mother with the daughter. I cannot but
be troubled- to fee fo many wcll-(haped innocent
virgins bkatid uf, and waddling up and down like
bij:-bellicd women. Addifott.

To Bloat. i/. a. To grow turgid.

If a p'^rfon of a firm conditution begins Ko bloat,
from being warm grows cold, his fibres grow weak.

^'^r!iud>r:ct.

Bloat, adj. Swelled with inten»perance ;
turgid.

The bloat king. ShakefiMtri < Hmkt.

Blo'atedness. ti.f. [(rota, bloat.] Tur-
gidnefs ; fwelling ; tumour.

LaiBtude, lazincLs, htoatediit.!, and fcorbuticil
fpots, arc fymptonis of weak fibres. yirbuthnat.

Blo'bber. n.f. [from blob.] A word
ufed in fome counties for a bubble.

1 here fwimmcth alfo in the fea a round (limy
fubftance, called a blabber, reputed noifome to the
fi(h. Carctv.

B L o' B B E R L I p . «. / [ from blob, or blabber,
and ///>.] A thick lip.

They make a wit of tiieir infipid friend,
HUbhbberlifi and bectlcbrows commend. Drydeti.

B L O

Blo'blipped. J a<^'. Having IWelled
Blo'bberlipped. 1 or thick lips,

A blobberliffed (bell, feemcth to be a kind of

mulTcl. Grew.

His perfon deformed to the higheft degree ; flat-

nofcd, and blobbtrliffcd. " L'Kftrair^t,

BLOCK, n.f. [block, HyAA; bloc. ¥1']

1 . A heavy piece of timber, rather thick
than long.

2. A roafs of matter.

Homer's apotheafis conlKts of » groupe of figures,
cut in the fara^ filDek of mirblc, and riling one
above another. uiddijoiim '

3. A maiTy body.

Small caufes ate fufficicnt to make a man un-
eafy, when great ones are not in the way : for
want of a block, he will (tumble at a (traw. Sttiifl.

4. A rude piece of matter : in contempt.

When, by the help of wedges and beetles, an
image is cleft out of the trunk of f'vne tree, yet,
after the (kill of artificers to fet forth luch a divine
bkek, it cannot one moment fecure itfelf from
being eaten by worms. Utillingjlect*

5. The piece of wood on which hats are
formed. Some old writers ufe block for
the hat itfelf.

He wears his faith but as the fafhion of his hat;
it ever changes with the next Hock. Shakefftart.

6. The wood on which criminals are be-
headed.

Some guard thefe traitors to the block of death,
Treafon's true bed, andyielder-up of breath. Shak^

At the inftant of his death, having a long beard,
after his head was upon the block, he gently dre\v
his beard afide, and faid, this hath not otFnded
the king. Bacon,

I'll drag him thence,"
Even from the holy altar to the block. Drjdev,

7. An obftruftion ; a ftop.

Can he ever dream, that the fuftering for righ.
teoufiiefs fake is our felicity, when he 'lees us rtin
fo from it, that no crime is block enough in our
way to ftop our flight ? Decy of Piety.

8. A fea term for a pully.

9. A blockhead j a fellow remarkable fbf
ftupidity.

The country is a dcfert, where the good
Oain'd inhabits not; born's not underftood ;
! There men Ircomc bealts, and prone to all evils;
In cities, blocks, Donne.

What tonguelcfs blocks were they, would they not
fpeak ? Shahjfeare's Richard IIU

To Block, -v. a. \bloquer, Fr.]

1 . To (hut up ; to ihclofe, fo as to hinder
^ «;grefs ; to obllrudl.

ihe ftatei about them (honid neither by en-
creafc of dominii>n, nor by blocking of trade, hava
it in their power to 'mrt or annoy. Clarcrdon.

They bkck the cafile kept by Bertram;
But now they cry, down with the palace, fire it.

Drydem

2. It has often. :</, to note claufure.

" Recommend it to the governor of Abingdon, to
fend fome troops to block it up, from infefting the
great ro.id. Clarendon.

The abbot raifcs an army, apd llvks tif the town
on the (ide that faces his dominions. Mdifoa.

BLOCK-HousE.n.yl [from block a.ndbcu/e.']
A fortrels built to obfti uft or block up
a pafs, commonly to defend a harbour.

His entrance is guarded with blcck-boujis, and
thjt on Ae town's fide fortified with ordnance.

Cariw.
Rochelter water reacheth far within the land,
and is under the protcdtion of fome blockhoufes.

Raleigh.

Block tin. «. / [from block and /;>.]
So the tradefmen call that which isjjure
or unmixed, and yet unwrought. Soyli,

I Blocka'd£.

B L O

Iiocka'dr. n. f. \itom. block. ^ A fiege
Carried on by fhutting up the place.

Tte enemy w .u neccflitated wholly to abandon
the blockade ot Olivenxa. Matter.

Round the go(i<icfs roll
Broad hats and hoods, aw-" caps, a fable fnoai ;
Thick, and more thick, the black WwiaA extends.

Pofe.

To Blocka'de. or. a. [from the noun.]
To Ihut up by obftruiSOon.

Huge bales of BHtirti cloth bkciatlexix door,
A hundred oxen at your levee roar. Pofe.

Br,o'cKH«AD. n.f. [from block indheatf.]
A iiupid fellow ; a dolt ; a man without
parts.

Your wit will not fo foon ont as another man's
will ; it is llronjiy wedged up in a iUikbcm. Shuk.

We iJly fit like ftupid Hickkeadt,
Qui hands committed to our pockets. Hu'd^rgs.

A hi:ci>head rubs his thoughrlefs fkull.
And thanks his ftars he was not born a fool. Pvft.

Bi.o'cKHEADED. atij. [ffom blockhead.'^
Stupid ; dull.

Says a bhckkcaded boy, thefe are vilUinmis crea-
tures. L'Eflrange.

Di-o'cKisH. aJj. [from i!oci.'\ Stupid;
dull.

Make a Intt'ry,
And, by decree, let black'ip Ajax draw
The fort to fight with HcSor. Sbakifptai'e.

Bto'cKisHLY. adv. [from blockijh.'] In
3 ftupid manner.

Blo'ckishness. n.f. [ from blockifi-l Stu-
pidity ; duUnefs.

Bt-o'Mary. n. /. The firft forge in the
iron miJls, through' which the metal
paflis, after it has been firft melted from
the mine. Di3.

Blo'n k et. n.f. [I fdppofe for blanket.']

Our bhjiktt livery *s been all too fad
For tluike fame feafon, when all is yclad
With picafance. Sfcrftr.

BLOOD. /»./. [blob, Sa.xon.]
I. The red liquor that circulates in the
bodies of animah.

But flcfti. With the life thereof, which is the
bhcJ thereof, (hall you not eat. Gtntfii.

i. Child ; progeny.

We'll n^ more meet, no more fee one another:
But yet thou art my rtedi, oiy btnodt my daughter.

Hbaktj'ftan.

3. Family ; kindred.

A« many and as well born ^/csi/> ««):hofe
Stand in his face, to contradift his claim. Shakefp.

O ! what an happinrfs is it to find
A friend of our own blocdy a brother kind ! Wallrr,

According to the common law of England, in
itdminiftrations, the whole hl»d is preferred to the
I-alfi/W. Afiffi.

4. Defcent ; lineage^

Epithets of fljttery, deftrwd by few of them ;
and not running in a ^/oW, like the perpetual gen-
tienefi <J the Ormond family. Drydip.

5. Blood royal ; royal lineage.

They wiH'al'-, ft
Give us a prince o" th' blood, a fon of Priam,
In rh.^n^e of him. Shjkffpcart,

0. Birth ; high extradion.

lama gfntieman of blocd and breeding. Siak.

7. Murder ; violent death.

it will have blaod i they fay, blood will have

blo'id. Sbtikiffeeri.

The voice of thy brother's blood cricth unto me

from the ground* Genejit, iv. 10.

8. Life.

When wicked men have (lain a righteous pei^bn
in his own boufe, upon his bed, Ihall I not there-
fore now require bis blotd at your hand }

!tiiamiiil, It. II.

B L O

9. For bksif. Though his blood or life
was at ftake : a low phrafe.

A crow lay battering upon a mufcle, and could
not, for lu blood, break the (Iieli to Some at the
fifli. L'EJirangt,

10. The carnal part of man.

Flsih and blotd hath not revealed it unto thee,
but my Vatherwhich is In heaven. Maitb. xvi. 17.

1 1 . Temper of mind ; ftate of the paflions.
Will you, great lir, that glory blor,

In cold blood, which you gain'd in hot ? Hvdibras.
I z. Hot fpark ; man of fire.

The news put dlveis young blocdt into fuch a
fuVy, as the ambaffadors were not, without peril,
to be outrag*-d. Baton.

13. The juice of any thing.

He wafhf^fchis garments in wine, and his c'othcs
in the blood of g; apes. Genefis, xhx. 11.

To Blood, v. a. [from tlie noun.]

1. To ftain with blood.

Then all approach the flain with vaft furprife.

And, fcarcc fecure, reach out their f;>ears afar,

. And blood their points, to prove their partnerlhip

in war. Drydtn'i FahUi.

He was bluotUJ up to his elbows- by a couple ot

Moors, whom he butchered with his own imperial

hinds. . jiddi[cn>

2. To enter ; to enure to blood, as a hound.

Fairer tlian faireft, let none ever fay.
That ye were blooded in a yielded prey.
■ SpCTtfzr*i Sor.mts.

3. To blood, is fometimes to let blood me-
dically.

4. To heat ; to exafperate.

When the faculties intclle(^ual are in vigour,
'Ot drenched, or, as it were, blooded by the affec-
tions. Bacon I j^ji^pbibegms.

By this means, matters grew more exafperate ;
the auxiliary forces of French and Englilh were
much ^/93(/ai one againll another. Bacon's Hen. Vli.

Blood-boltered. ai/J. [from blood and
bolter.] Blood fprinlded.

The b'iCQd-bolter'd Banquo fmiles upon me.

Macbeth.
Blood-hpt. adj. [from blood and hot.]
Hot in the fame degree with blood.

A good piece of bread firft to be eaten, will gain
time to warm the beer blood-hot, which then he
may drink fafely. Locke.

To Blood-let. f . n. [from bloodaxiA let.]

To bleed ; to open a vein medicinally.

The chyle is no perfeSly allin^^ilated into blood,

by its circulation through the lungs, as is known

by experiment* in blocd-itiiirg.

^rbutbnot on Aliments.

Blood-letter, n.f. [from blood-let.] A
phlebotomill ; one that takes away blood
medically.

This miichlcf, in aneurifms, proceedeth from
the ignorance of the bkcd-lctter, who, not confi-
dering the errniir committed in letting bl .3d, binds
up the arm carelefsly. ff^Ifeman.

Blood-stone, n. f. [hiematites ; from
blood d^nd /lone.] The name of a Hone.

Tlicre is a ftone, v/hich they call the blood-JI'ine,
which, worn, is thought to be good for them that
bleed at the nofe ; which, no doubt, is bjk aftric-
tion, and cooling of the fpirits. Bacon.

The bhzJ-Jlcne is green, fptitted with a bright
blood red. Ifoodivard o» Fojjils.

Blood-thirsty, adj. [from blood and
thirft.] Defirous to ihed blood.

And hish advancing his bhud ihirfy blade.
Struck one of thofe deformed heads. Fairy ifuun.

The image of God the blo^d-thirflj have not ;
for God is charity and mercy itfelf. Raleigh's U J}.

Blood-vessel, n.f. [[rom blood and 'vcf-
fel.] A veflel appropriated by nature
to the conveyance of the blood.
The Ikins of chu f'jrchead wcxe extiemcl/ cough

B L O

ind thick, and had not in them an^' blood-vefet,

that we were able to difcovcr. Addijon's ^pe^otor.

Blo'odflower. n.f. \_ha:ixanthus, Lat.]

A plant.
Bi.ooDGui'tTiNESs.w./. [from ilcodand
guilty-] Murder ; the crime of fhedding
blood.

And were there rightful caufe of dificrence,
Yet were't nof better, Si\i it to accord.
Than with bkodguiltimfs to heap oftVnce,
And mortal vengeance join to crime abhorr'd f

If airy Sjtemt
Blo'odhound. n. f. [from blood and
hound.] A hound that follows by ths
fcent, and feizes with great fiercencfs.

Hear this, hear tliii, thou tribune of Lhe people !
Thou zealous, pubRck blocdheanJ, hear and melt !

Drydiiu
Where are thefe rav'niog i/W;jM/B(/j,thatpurlue
In a full cry, gaping to fwallow me ?

Soutb^rne's Inn. Adult.

A bhodhound will follow the track of the perfon

he purfues, and all hounds the particular game they

have in chace. Arbuthnct on Aliments.

And though tiie villain 'fcjpe a while, he le. Is

Slo\v vengeance, like a bloodhound, at his heels.

Sivift,
Blo'odily. ad<v. [from blood.] With
difpofition to (bed blood ; cruelly.
V I told the pu-fuivant.

As too triumphing, how mine enemies
To-day at Pomfret bloodily were butcher'd.

Shakejf fare's Richard III.
This day the poet, bloodily iiiclin'd.
Has made me die, full fore againft niy mind. Dryd,

Blo'odiness. n.f. [from bloody.] The
ftate of being bloody.

It will mahifcft itfelf by its bloodinefs ; yet fome-
times the fcuU is fo thin as not to admit of any.
i^barp's Surgctyt

Blo'odless. adj. [{rom blood.]

1. Without blood ; dead.

He cheer'd my forrows, ajid, for fums of gold,
TheJllood/ej's carcafc of my Heflor fold.

Dryden's jEneiJt

2. Without flauglvep.

War brings ruin where it (hould amend ;
But beauty, with a bhcdlefs conqueft, finds
A welcome fov'reignty in rudeft minds, ff-'al/er.
Blo'odshed. n.f. [frora blood zndjhed.']
I. The crime of b{ood, or murder.

Full many mifchiefs follow cruel wrath,;
Abhorred hhcdfiied, and tumultuous (Irifc,
Unmanly murder, and unthrifty fcath. Fairy ^

All murders pal} do ftand excus'd in tliis j
And this h folc, and fo unmatchable.
Shall prove a deadly bloodjbed but a jeft^
Exampled by this heinous fpc^acle.

Shakejpeare's King yohsi*

A man, under the tranfports of a vehement
rage, padcs a different judgment upon murder
and bloodf)cd, from what he docs when his revenge
is over. South.

Z. Slaughter; wafteoflife.

So by him Caefar got the vift; ry,
Through great bloodjhed, and many a fad afTay.

, Fairy SJucen,
Of wars and bloodjhed, and of dire events,
I could with greater ccitainty forctel.

Dryden's Tyrannic Love,

Blo'odshedder. n.f. [^(lom bloodjhed.]
Murderer.

He that taketh away his neighbour's living, <\s.y.
etli him; and he that defraudeth the labourer of
his hire, is » bkodjixdderr Ecclus. xxxiv. zz,

Blo'odshot. )«<?)'• [from ^/oo.a' and

Bloodsho'tten. 3 Jhot.] I^illed with

blood burfting from its proper veflels.

And that thewinds their bellowing throats would
try,
Wuea rcdd'ojng clouds reflcCl hit bUodfioi eye.

Garth*

B L O

Bto'oDstrcKER. n. /. [from ilccJ and

/ucL]

a. A leech ; a fly ; any thing that fucks

blood.
2. A cruel man ; a murderer.

God keep the prino' Irom til the pack of you ;
A kuoc you are of drained blnoJfuiLri,

Sbahff. Rictardm.

The nobility cried out upon him, that he was .i
Ifo^ilfuckeTy a murderer, and a parricide. Hayward,

Bio'oDwiT. n.f. A fine anciently paid

as a compenfation for blooJ.
Bloo'dwort. n.f. A plant.
Ulo'ody. ajj. [from blood. "[

1, Stained with blood.

2. Cruel; murderous: applied either to
men or fafts.

By continusi martial exercifes, without blond,
Bie made them pcrfeil in that hlxdy art. Sidney,
f alfe of heart, light uf car, hliody of hnnd.

Sba\ffp> King Lear.
I grant him hhciy.
Luxurious, avaricious, falfe, d^'ccitfut.

Shakefp, Machah.
Tliou hUcdit-r villain.
Than terms can give thee out. Shakefp, Machclh.

Alas !' why gnaw you fo your nether lip ?
Some bloody paflion ftiakes your very frame ;
Thclc are pj'tcnts : but yet I hnpr, 1 hope,
'Jhey do njt point on me. Sbakcfpiare^ s Othello.

The kkidy faft
WU! be avengM j ajid th' other's faith approved
l.ofe no reward ; though he.e thou fee him die,
Rolling in dull and gore. Miltor'i Paradijr Lojl.
The i/Wif^ vengeance whidi (he could purfuc,
Would be a trifle to my lofs of you.

Drydcni Indian Emperor,
P.oud Nimrod firft the ikody chace legan,
A mighty hunter, and bi:^ prey was man.

Po/x-'s ffindfir Fore/I.

BuoODY-FLU.ic. ». / The dyfentery ;
a difcafe in whic"h the excrements are
mixed witii blood.

Cold, by retardin.; the motion of the Mo.ld, and
fr.pprclling perfpiration, producesgiddinefs, fleepi-
jicfs, painhin the bowels, losfeiiels, hkody Jiuxa.
j^rhutbnot en Air.

Bloody-min D£D. adj. [from bloody and
OT.'W.] Cruel ; inclined to bloodihed.

1 think you'll make me mad : truth has been
at my tongue's end this li*ilf hour, and I have
n t the power to bring it out, for fear of this
hh'fdy m:rijed colonel. Drydcn^s Spuni/h Friar.

BLOOM, n. f. [blum, Germ. iUcm,
Dutch.]

1. A blofibnij the flower which precedes
the fr'alt .

How nature pa'mts hjr colours, hiw the bee
Siti oa Iter iJMin, extr.ifting i.^id fweet. Milton.

A medlar tree w.t. planted by ;-
The fpreailmg bratichcs made a t,->odly (Tiow,
And full of opening ble-jmr wa« ev'ry bough. Dryd.

Hafte to yonder woodbine bow'rs ;
The turf with rural dainties (hall be crownM,
While opening h/oomt ditTufe their fwccts Ground.

2. The (late of immaturity ; the ftate of
any thing improving, and ripening to
higher perfedUoa.

Were 1 no ([ueen, did you my beauty weigh,
My youth in t/oirx, your age in its decay.

Dryden^t AiircngXibe.

3. The blue colour upon plums and
grapes ngwly gathered.

4. [In the iron works.] A piece of iron
wrought into a mafs, two feet fquare.

7'o Bloom, -v. n. [from the noun.]
i. To bring or yield blolToms.

The rod of Aai^n for the houfc of Levi was

9

B L O

budded, and brought forth buds, and i/oo«a/blof-

foms, and yielded almond,). Humbert, xvii. 8.

It is a common experience, that if you do not

■ pull nfF fonie blofl'oms the firrt time a tree bitomeih,

it will bloffom itfelf to death. Bacon' 1 I^tit. Ui/ltry

z. To produce, a« bloffoms.

Rites and cuftoms, now fuperftitious, when the
ftrength of virtuous, devout, or charitable affeflion
bh.mtd them, no man couid juftly have condemned
as evil. Hooter.

3. To be in a ftate of youth and improve-
ment.

Beauty, frail flow'r, that every feafon fears,
B!xmi in tby colours for a thoufand years.

Pofe-i Ef.Jiks.
O greatly blefs'd with every blooming grace !
Wiih eijuai fteps the paths of glory trare.

Fope't Oiyjfey.
Blo'omv. adj. [from bloom.] Full of
blooms ; flbwery.

O nightingale ! that on yon bkomy fpray
Wjrblcftat tvc,when all the woods are ftill. Milton.
, Departing Ipring could 'only ftay to flicd
Her bk^tny beauti^'a on the genial bed,
But left the manly fumm'-r in her ftead. Dryden.

H^ar how the birds, on ev'ry bloomy fpray.
With joyous mufick wake the dawning day. Pofe.

Blore. a./, [from ^/ijxw.] Art of blow-
ing ; blaft : an expreffive word, but not
ufed.

Out ruflit, with an unmeafur'd roar,
Thofe two winds, tumbling clouds in heaps j ulhers
to cither's blore. Chapman s Iliad.

BLO'SSOM. n.f. [bloj-me. Sax.] The
flower that grows on any plant, previ-
ous to the feed or fruit. We generally
call thole flowers bloffoms, which are
not much regarded in themfelves, but
as a token of fome following produdlion^

Cold news for me :
Tlius are my blojfomi blafted in the bud.
And caterpillars eat my leaves away. Sbak.HenAV,

Merrily, merrily, fhall I live now.
Under the blojjiim that hangs on the bough.

Shakcjp. Tcmfcji.

The pulling off many of the blojjims of a (ruii
tree, d.ith make the fruit fairer. Macon s Nat. Ilijt.

To his green ycats your cenfuie yju would fuit.
Not blaft the bliffhm, but er.peft thi; fruit. Dryden.

To Blo'ssom. 'V. n. [from the noun.] To
put forth bloflxims.

This is the I'tate of man : to-day he puts forth
The tender leaves of hope ; to-morrow bhJI'ims,
And bears Iiis bluihing honours thick upoii him.
Shakcjp. Henry VIH.

Although the fig-tree Ihall ni>t' b!ff/ir., neither
fliall fruit b: in the vines, yet will I rejo'rtie in the
Lord. Habb. iii. 17.

The want of rain, at bhffiming time, often
occ'afions the dropping oA'of t^e blulfoms, for warn
of fap. Mortimer.

To BLOT. 'V. a. [from bloitir, Fr. to hide.]

1. To obliterate ; to make writing invifi-
ble by covering it with ink.

You tlut arc king
Have caus'd him, by new a£l of parliament,
• To blot out me, and put his ov.'n fon in.

.^hakefp. Henry \l.
Ev'n copious^Dryden wanted, or forgot.
The laft and greateft art, the art to i/jf. Pope.
A manof the moft undcrftandingwill find it im-
pofliblc t > make the beft ufe of it, while he writes
in conrtrajnt, perpetually foftcning, correiting, oc
blotting out expreffions. > Swift.

2. To efface ; to erafe.

O B,.Mtrim, oh no more my foe, but trother !
■ One aft like this btois out .1 thoufand crimes. Dryd.
Thefe fimplc ideas, offered to the min^l, the
underllanding can no more tefufe, nor alter, nor
blot out, than a mirrour can refufe, alter, or ob-
literate, the images which the objeds produce.

Lake.

B L O

3. To make black fpots on a paper j toi
blur.

Heads overfull of matter, be like pens overfull ■
of ink, which will fooner blot, than make any fair
letter. jljcbamt'

O fweet Portia !
Here are a few of the unpleafant'ft words
That ever bkited piper. Sbak. Alrrcbant nffexUlt

4. To difgrace ; to disfigure.

Unknit that thr^at'ning unkind brow;
It blcti thy beauty, as froft bites the meads.
Confounds thy fame. Sbak. Tatning oflbtSbrtWt -

My guilt thy growing virtues did defame ;
My blackncfs htottid thy unWemilh'd name.

Drydeti's JEnnd,

For mercy's fake reftrain thy hand,
Bht not thy innocence with guiltlefs blood. Rrmtr

5. To darken*

He lung how earth Ihn the moon's gilded «-ane»i.-
Whiltt fooliih-men beat founding brafs in vain.

Covileym-

Blot. n.f. [from the verb.]

1. An obiiteFaticn of fomsthing written.

Let flames on your unlucky papers prey;
Your wars, your loves, your praifes, be forgot.
And make of all an univerfal blot. Dryd. JuvenaU ■

2. A blur ; a fpot upon paper.

3. A fpot in reputation ; a ftain ; a dif-
grace ; a reproach.

Make known;
it is nO'Vieious blot, murdrr, or foulncfs,
That hath depriv'd me. Sbahfpeare't King,Lear. ■

A lie is a foul blot in a man ; yet it is conti-
nually in the mouth of the untauglit. £ceL xx. 24* -

A difappointed hope, a blot of iionour, a ftrain'
of confcience, an unfortunate love, wiU ferve the
turn. Temple.-

4. [At backgammon.] When a Angle
man lies open to be taken'up ; whence, -
to hit a blot .

He is too great a mafter of his art, to make a -
blot which may fo eafiiy be hit.

Dryden s Dedication to JEneiA,

Blotch', n.f. [from- ^/o/.] A' fpot or'

puftule upon the Ikin.
Spots and blotches, tf fevcral colour* ahd figures, -

Araggling over the body ; fome are red, oth rs yel--

low, or black. • Hur'vey.

To BlOte, 'V. a. To fmoke, or dr^ by

the fraoke ; as Matid herrings, or red ■

herrings.
BLOW, n.f \bltnve, Dutch.]
I. The aft of ftriking.
J. A ftroke.

A moft poor mail, made tame to fortune's blows,'
Who, by tlie art of known and feeling forrows, <
' Am pregnant to good pity. Sbakeff. King Ltar. -
A woman's tongue,
That gives not half fo great a blcio to th' ear.
As will a cheftnut. Siakefp. Taming cf the Sbre'Utt
Words of great contempt commonly finding a
return of eqjal fcorn, blo-wt were i^ftened upon the
mnti pragjnatical of the crew. Clarendon.

3. The fatal ftroke ; the ftroke of death.

Alfuiige your thirll of blood, and (Irike the blow.

Dryden.

4. An aft of hoftl^ity : bleivs are nfed for
combat or war.

Be moft abated captives to fome nation
That won you without blonvs. Sba^efpeare.

Unarni'd if I fliould go,
What '• pe of mercy from this dreadful foe,
But woman-tike to fall, and fall witliout a blew t

Pop*.

5. A fudden calamity; an unexpefted
evil.

People is broken with a grievous blciv, yertm.
To all but thee in fits he fccm'd to go.
And 'twas my miniftry to deal the blvio. Parnet.

6. A fingle aflion ; a fudden event.

Evciy year they gain a viftorv, and a town j hut

if

B L O

If they are once defeated, they lofe a province at a
*''""• DryJtr.

:7. The aft of a fly, by which fhe lodges
eggs in fleih.

1 much fear, left with the bltnot of flies
His brafj-infliaed woinds are fill'd.

'Chapmen' t Iliad.

To Blow. 'v. ft. pret. ileiv ; particip. paiT.

blanurt. [blapan. Sax.]
•1. To make a current of air.

At his fight the mountains are (haken, apd at
his will tlie louth wind bktvctk. Ecclus. xliii. i6.

Fruits, for long keeping, gather before they are
full rif-e, and in a dry day, towards noon, and
when the wind hlnuttb not fouth ; and when the
moon is in decreafe. Bacuni Natural Hiftory.

By the fragrant winds that hUia
O'er th' Elylian flow'rs. Pofc'i St. CtcWa.

-2. This word is ufed fometimes imperfoa-
ally with //.

It tkio a terrible temped at fea oner, and there
was one fcaman praying. VEJirar.gc.

If it ticvvt a happy gale, we muft fet up all our
falls ; though it fometimes happens that our na-
tural heal is more powerful than our care and cor-

3. To pant ; to pufF; to be breathlefs.

Here 'i Mrs. Page at the door, fweating and
ilnvi^g, and looking wildly. ihakefftart.

Each aking nerre refufe the lance to throw.
And each fpcnt courfer at the chariot blno. Pipe.

4. To breathe.

Says the fatyr, if you have gotten a trick of
ilKumg hot and cold out of the fame mouth, I've
c'eri djne with )c. L'EJIra„gt.

5. To found with being blown.'

Nor with left dread tht loud
Ethereal trumpet from on high 'gan Ua-w, Milton.

There let the prating organ hlnu
To the full-voic'd quire below. MHicn.

6. To found, or play mufically by wind.

The priefts Ih ill blim with the crumpet. J Jlaa.

When ye bimv an alarm, then the camps that lie

on the eart parts (hall go forward. Numbrrs.

7. To blow o-ver. To pafs away without
effed.

Storms, though they i/w «,»• divers times, yet
may fall at laft. fl„„,., gj'

When the ftorm is ilo^n over.
How blcft is the fwain.

Who begins to difcover
An end of hi. pain. Gran^,i!l,.

But thofe clouds biiing now happily bk-wn iitr
and our fun clearly ihining out again, I have re-
covered the relapfr. a„i^„

8. To blaz-j up. To fly into the air by the
force of gunpowder.

On the next day, fome of the enemy'a maga-
imes blnv up ; and it is thought they were de-
ftroyed on purpofc by fjme of their men. Tatln.

To Blow. -v. a.

I. To drive by the force of the wind:
with a particle to fix the meaning.

Though yon untie the winds.
Though bUded corn be lodgd, and trees ilmn

dvwn.
Though caftles topple on their warden heads.

c • J L I. Macbith.

tut daughter, bloio a-jiay thofe mifts and clouds.
And let thy eyes (hine forth in their full lurtre.

rr\. , Dtnham.

ihefe primitive heirs of the chriftian church
could not fo eafily bine »/the doarine of paflive
obedience. c .

«. To inflame with wind.

I have created the fmith that blcvttb the coals.

A £ M JJaiah.

A hre not blo^vn (hall confume him. Jib

3. To fwell ; to puff into fize.

No bJrtvn ambition doth our arms incite.
But love, dear love, and our ag'd father's right.

Kini Ltar.

B L O

4. To form into fhape by the breath.

Spherical bubWc-s, that boys fametimcs hh-w
With water, to which foap hath given a tenacity.

5. To found an inftrument of wind mufick.

Bt^v the trumpet among the nations. Jerm:iah.
Where the bright feraphim, in burning row,
1 heir loud upiittcd angel trumpt^ts blow. Milton.

6. To warm with the breath.

When ificles hanc by the wall,
And Dick tfie ftirplTcrd blc7fs his nail.

And Tom hears logs into the Kail,
And milk comes frozen home in pail. Siah/p.

7. To fpre?d by report.

But never was there man, of his degree.
So much efteem'd, fo well bdov'd, as he :
So gentle of condition was he known.
That through the court his courtefy was bhmn.

8. To b/onv out. To extinguifh by wind or
the breath.

Your breath firft kindled the dead coal of war.
And brought in matter that Ihould feed this tin; ;
And now -tis tar too huge to be b/otvn out
Witli that fame weak wind which enkindled it.

,, „. , , Shake/pear c.

Moon, Oip behind fome cloud, fome temped rife,
And i/ow cut all tJie ftars that light the Ikies.

9. To b/cw up. To raife or fwell ?r;th
breath.

A plague of fighing and grief! it blows a man
«/. like a bladder. Sbakcjptau.

Before we had exhaufted the receiier, the blad-
der appeared as fuU as \{ blown up with a quill.

It was my breath that blr:u this temped up.
Upon your ftubborn ufage ot the pope. Si.iktjp.

An empty bladder gravitates no more than when
bt^vn up, but fomewhat Icfs ; yet defcends more
eaiiiy, becaufe with le(V. refiftance. Crnv.

10. Toblo-viup. To inflate with pride.

BUon HP with the conceit of his merit, he did
not think he had received good mcafure from the
king. D

cT- ti ~ . . Baion.

11. To blo^ up. To kinaie.

His prcfcnce foon bliwt up th' unkindly 6ght,
And his loud gunt fpeak tJiick Uke angry men.
rr- . Drydcn.

II. 10 move by a^atui.

When tlie mind finds herfelf very much inflamed
with devotion, (he is too much inclined to think
that It IS blown up with fomething divine within
hcrfr'f. .,,.r

13. loblo-w up. To burft with gunpow-
der ; to raife into the air.

The captains hoping, by a mine, to gain the

city, approached with foldiers rearfy to enter u -on

4/»«;,^ «/) of the mine. Knolla; Hift. of the Turk,.

lb«ir chitf blown up in air, not waves eipir'd,

Towhich hisprideprefum'dtogivethclaw. DrvJ

Not tar from the faid well, thwmg up a rock
he formerly obfcrved fome of thefi. ty-.oJward.

14. To infeft with the eggs of flies, f
know not bow this fenfe belongs to the
word.

Lwould no more endure
This wooden llavcry, than 1 wojid fuff-r
The fleft.fly blo^iv my mouth. Sbaiejptari.

Rather at Nilus' mud
Lay me ftark naked, and let water-flies
Blew me into abhorring. Sbakifpian.

1$. To bloiv upon. To make ftale.

I am wonderfully pleafed, when I meet with
any paflige in an old Greek or Latin author, tliat
IS not blyivn upon, and which I have never met
with in any quotation. MJifon.

He will whifpcr an intrigue that is not yet
blown upon by, common fame. jiJJifir.

To Blow. a-. ;,. [blopan, Saxon.] To
bloom; to bloflbm.

B L U

We lofe the prime, to mark how fpiing
Our tended plants, how hlcwt the citron grove.
What drops the ,T,;.f,h, and what the balmy reed.

" Milioa,
, This royal fair

^hjll, when the blolTom of her beauty 's hloto-n.
See her great brother on the Britifli throne.

_ . . , , . l^ulUr.

fair is the kingcup that in meadow hlowi.
Fair is the daify that beliJe her grows. Gay.

For thee Idumj's fpicy forefts hLw,
And feeds of gold in Ophir's mountains glow. Pope.

Blower.;/./, \_hom blo-.v .] A melter of
tin.

Add his care and coft in buying wood, and la.
fetching thtf fame to the biowiRg-houfe, together
witli the blowers' two or thiee months extreme and
mcreafing labour. Qa,^^^,

Blown. 'The pnrficifle faj/i.-ve of bloti:
All the fpjrks of viitue, which natu e had
kindled in them, were fo ilown to give forth thefr
uitermoll heat, that juiHy it may beaffirnicd, they
inriamed the aft'cdions of all that knew thnn.

Ti ^ „ . . Sidney,

The trumpets fleep, while cheerful horns ar»
bUivn,
And arm, employ 'd on birds and beafts alone. P-pr
Blowpoint. n.f. A child's play, pcf-
hnps like pujhpm.

.Shortly boys {hall not oiay
At rpancount(%or bkwpoint, but fliall play
Toll to fome courtie.'. ' Donnr

Bi.owTH. »./ [from^/Kv.j Bloom, o^
bloflora.

■At , .ition and covetoufnefs bel:ig but green, anj
newlj grown up, the feeds and crtects were as yet
butpj:ential, and in the hkwih and buJ. Rak':gh,

Blowze. ». /; A ruddy fat-faced wench.
Blowzy, ajj. [from <J/<wvz«r.] Sun burnt;

high coloured.
BLU'BBER. «./ [See Blob.] The part

of a whale that contains the oil.
To Blu'bber. 'V. n. [from the noun.] To

weep in fucii a manner as co fwell tJie

cheeks.

Even fo lies flie
Blubbering and weeping, weeping and blukb-ymg.
Sltihijp. Rn-joand JuTll,
A thief came to a buy that wjs l>lubbtr,n^ by
the fide of a Well, and alkid what he cried foV.
c ^> L^Efianpe,

Soon as Glumdalclitcli mifs'd her pkafing caie
She wept, (he blubber d, and ihe tore her hair.

To Blu'bber. -v. a. To fwell the cheeks
with weeping.

1-air ftreains leprcfent unto me my bluhhaei
face ; let tears piocure your (tay. Sidney.

1 he wild wood gods, arrived in the place,
There find the viigin doleful, defilate,
With rufllcd raiment, and fair /./i/Mn-'i face.
As her Butragcous foe \\SA left her late.

~. , J . , Fairy Snecn.

Tir d With the fearch, not finding what (he ilcks.

With cruel bjowa (he pounds her blubber'd cheeks..

r, , Drydrn.

Bs.v BBKREn. farticip. aJj. [from To bluh-
ber.] Swelled; big: applied commonly
to the lip.

Thnu ling with him, thou booby ! never pii.e
Was fuprof.4n'd, to touch iha! 4,W-//,rV ii,i. Diyd.

Br o'dceon. *./ A fliort ilick, with one
end loaded, uCed as an oflenfive weapon.

BLUE. at/j. [bla^p. Sax. b/ai. Fr.j One
of the leven original colours.

Theie 's gold, and here
My Hurfl vein? to kif: ; a h..n.l tliai kings
Have lipt and tit-mbled kiiring. Sha!i,(fcari.

Whfie fires thou fii.d'il umak'd, and Ilea, hs
unlwcpt,
There pinch the maids as tlut as bilberry. SM.

O iCOWA<

B L U

0 coward confcirnce. how doft thou affl'ifl mc !
The lights bum A/»^. Is it not dead midnight ?
Cold fearful drops Aand ori my trembling flclh.

Sho\efptore<
Why does one climate and one foil endue
The bluihing poppey with a crimfon hue,
Yet leave the lily pale, and tinge the violet blue t

Prior.

There \Tas fcarce my other colour fenlible be-

fides red and blut ; only the hlua, and principally

the fccond khe, inclined a little to green. Nitv:m.

Blu'ebottle. tt.f. [cyanm ; from biue

and hoi lie. 1
X . A flower of the bell ihape ; a /pecies of
botllejlonuer.

If ypu put hlaebcttlti, or other blue flowers, into
«n ant-hill, they will be flained with red : be-
caufe the ants thruft their flings, and Inllil into
them their ftinging liquor. * Ray.

3. A fly with a large blue belly.

Say, fire of infe£ls, mighty Sol,
A Hy upon the chariot pole
Cries out, What hluchittle alive
Did ever with fuch fury drive ? Prior.

Blue-eyed. aJj. [from blue and eye.l
Having blue eyes.

Kife, then, dii hiut-eyid maid, rife and difcover
Thy filver browj and meet thy golden lover.

Cnijhaw.

Nor to the temple was (he gone, to move
With prajers the blut-tytd progeny of Jove. Dry.i.

Blueha'ired. aJj. [from hlut and bair.l
Having blue hair.

This place.
The greated and the belt of all the main,
He quarters to his bine-haird deities. MiUon.

Blxj'ely. ad-v. [from blue.'\ With a blue
colour.

This 'fquire he dropp'd his pen full foon.
While as the light burnt tlueiy. Sivift.

Blu'eness. n. /. [_fiom i/ue,] The qua-
lity of being blue.

In a moment our liquor may be deprived of its
bluentjif and reftored to it again, by the aifufion of
a few drops of liquors. Boyie on Cohun.

Bluff, adj. Big; furly ; bluftering.

Like thofc whom ftature did to crowns prefer,
Black-bruw'd and bluff, like Homer's Jupiter.

DryJcTU

Blu'ish. adj. [from Hue.] Blue in a
fmall degree.

Side flceves and Ikirts, round underborne with
a iluij!} tinfcl. Shakeffearc.

At U 1, as fjr as I could caft my eyes
Upo:, the fea, fom?w}iat, roethought, did rife
Like bluifi mifts. •• Prydcn.

Here, in full light, the ruiTet plaint extend ;
There, wrapt in clouds, the blkijh hills afccnd;

Pofi.

Blu'ishness. «. /. [from Hue.'] A fmall
degree of blue colour.

1 could make, with crude copper, a foUitinn
"witliout the bluyhne/s Cliatis wont to accompany it^
vulgar folut'ons. Boyle

To BLU'NDER. 'v.». [^/xWwa, Dutch ;
perhaps from blind.]

1. To millake grofsly ; toerr very widely;
to millake (lupidly. It is a word im-
plying contempt.

It is one tiling to forget matter of faA, and an-
other to blunder upon the reafon of it. L'SJImng' .

The grandees and giants in knowledge, wlio
laughed at all befides themfelves, as barbarous and
infignilicant, yet blunJertd, and Humbled, abo^t
tbfir principal concern. ^ South.

2. To flounder ; to ftumble.

He who now to fcnfc, n iw nonfenfc leaning.
Means n'lC, hui biuftden round about a meaninj^.

To Bi.u'nder. V, a. To mix foolifhly or
blindly.

B L U

He Teems to underftand no differenee betwftn
titles of refpeft and afts of worlliip ; between cx-
preflions of cftecm and devotion ; between reli-
gious and civil worlhip : for he b/undirt and con-
founds all tlicfe together ; and whatever proves
one, he thinks, proves all the rel>. Sti/iirt^J]cet.

Blu'nder. It./, [from the verb.] Agrofs
or (hamcful millake.

It was tlie advice of Sohoraberj to an bi.lorian,
that he fhoulJ avoid bring particular in the draw-
ing up of an army, and other circumltances ia the
day of battle ; for that he had obfcrved notorious
blunder! and abfurJities committed by writers not
converfant in the art of war. yUdifin.

It is our own ignorance that makes us charge
thofe works of the Almighty as defeSs or b/undrri,
as ill-contrived or ill-made. Drrham.

Blu'nderbuss. »./ [from ^/B«rf>r.] A
gun that is enlarged with mrviy bullets,
fo that, witho'it any exad aim, there is
a chance of hitting the mark.

There are blunderbijffis in every hoop-hole, that
go off' of their own accord at the fqueaking of a
fiddle. Drydin.

Blu'nderer. n. f. [from blunder.] A
man apt to commit blunders ; a block-
head.

Another fort Of judges will decide in favour of
an author, or will pronounce him a mere blun-
itrcr, according to the company they have kept.

IVaiti.
Blu'nderhead. n.f. [from blunder and.
head.] A flupid fellow.

At the rate of this thick-lkuUcd h'.undirhead,
every plow-jobber (hall take upon him lo re.id up-
on divinity. L^EJirange.

BLUNT, ai^". [etymology uncertain.]

1 . Dull on the edge or point ; not Qiarp.

Thanks to th.it beauty, which can gi\e an edge
to the blumtjl fwords. Sidney.

If theironbcA/awr, and he do not whet the edge,
then muft he put to .iiore ftr-.-iigth. Eiclej.

2. Dull in under/landing ; not quick.

Valentine being gone, I'll quickly crofs.
By fome fly trick, blant 'I'hurio's dull proceeding.

Sbakijpeare.

3. Rough ; not delicate ; not civil.

Whileh-jd, a grave divine, wasof a^/w«r ftoical
natute. «C)i\e d^y the queen happened to fay, I
like thee the better, bccaufc thou liveft unmarried.
He anlwcred. Madam, 1 like you the worfc. Bacm.

The mayor of the town came to fcize them in
a blunt manner, alleging a warrant to ftop them.

V/ott<in.

'Tis not enough your coonfel ftlU be true :
Blunt truths more mifchief than oice faliehoods do.

Pofe.

4. Abrupt ; not elegant.

To ufc too many circumftances, ere one ctnne
to the matter, is wearifome ; to ufe none at all, is
blunr. Bacon.

5. Hard to penetrate. This ufe is improper.

I Hn^ my heart hardened and blunt to n-:\v im-
preffions ; it will fcarce receive or retain aftie<^ions
ofycftcrday. P'fe.

ToBi.uNT. T. a. [from the noun.]

1. To dull the edge or point*

So fjcken waining moons too near the fon.
And blu»: tliiiir crefcents on the edge of day. DryJ.

Earthly limbs and grofs allay
Bhnt not the beams of heav'n, and edge of day.

Dryden.
He had fuch things to urge againft our marriage,
As, now declar'd, would blunt my fword in battle.
And dallardize my courage. DryJiit.

2. To reprefs or weaken any appetite, de-
fire, or power of the mind.

Blunt not his love ;
Nor lofe the /jood advantage of his grace.
By feemitlg cold. Shakeffeare.

Blu'ntly. adv. [from blunt,]
I. In a bluat utanQcr } withoat fharpnefs.

B L U

2. Coarfely ; plainly ; roughly.

1 can keep honeil cuunfels, marr a curioni tile
in telling it, and deliver a plain mcffage bluntly,

ShakifjJtare,
A man of honcll blood.
Who to his wife, before the time aSgn'd
For childbirth came, thus ilunrb/ fpoke his mind.

Dryden,
Blu'ntkess. n./, [from blunt,]

1. Want of -edge or point ; dulncfs ; ob-
tnfenefs ; want of iluu-pncfs.

The crafty boy, that had full oft cday'd
To pierce my (tubltom and refilling breaft.
But ftill thc^/w)ir«cy} of his darts betrayed. SitckHn^,

2, Coarfenefs ; roughnefs of manners ;
rude fmcerity.

His filence grew wit, bis bluntntfi integrity, hit
beaftly ignorance virtuous fimplicity. Sidney,

Manage difputes with civility ; whence fome
readers will be afliHed to difcern a difference be-
twixt bluntaej) of fpeech and ftrength of leafon.

Style.

Falfe friends, his deadlied foes, could find noway.
But ihows of honeft bluntnejx to bctrav. Dryden,

Blu'ntwitted. adj. [from blunt and
•v.it.] Dull ; ftupid.

Bhr.t'.uiiicd lord, ignoble in demeanour. Skal.

BLUR. ;;./ [Wra, Span, a blot, Siiimer.]
A blot ; a (lain ; a fpot.

Man, once fallen, was nothing but a great biir ;
a total univerfal poiluti:)p.. S^utb,

To Blur. a». a. [from the noun.]
I. To blot; to obfcure ; without, quite
eiFacing.

Such an a£l.
That blurs the grace and blulh of m Dde.ly,
CaiU virtue hypocrite. Sbakefpecre.

Long Is it iince I faw him j
But time hath nothing blurr'd thofe lines of favour.
Which then he wore. Shakeffeurf.

Concerning innate principles, I defire thefe men
to fay, whether they can, or cannot, by cducaticn
and cuHoin, be blurred and blotted out ^ Luke,

t. To blot ; to ftain ; to fully.

Sarcafnis may cclipfe thine own.
But cannot biur my loft renown. HuJibrat,

To Blurt, f. a. [without etymology.]
To fpeak inadvertently ; to let fly
without thinking : commonly with out
intenfive.

Others call out blood • and deadly fpeechei at
random ; and cannot hold, but blurt out, thofe
words, which afterwards they are forced to eat.

Hakcwill,

They had fome belief of a Deity, which they,
upon furprizal, thusV\''wrr out. GoverK. of the Tongue,

Thev blulh if they blurt out, ere well a*are,
A fwan is white, or Quei-nlbury is fair. Young,

To BLUSH. 1'. n, [blo/en, Dutch.]
I. To betray fliame, or confafi-m, by a
red colour on the cheek or forehead.

1 have mark*d
A thoufand blueing apparitions
To ftart into her face; a thoufand innocent fliamrf.
In angel whitenefs, bear away thefc biulhes. Sbak,

I will go walls;
And, when my face is fair, you-^all perceive
Whether I blujh or no. Shakeff^eare.

All thcfe things are graceful In a friend's mootli,
which arc blujhwg in a man's own. Bacon,

Shame caufrth bluJIAng ; blujlying is the rcfoi t of
the blood to the face ; although blujliing will be
feen in the whole breall, yet that is but in paR'age
to the face. Bacon*

Blujhlhen, bat blujl) for joat dcftru£live filence.
That tears your fool. Smith,

t. To carry a red colour, or any foft and
bright colour.

To-day he puts forth
The tender leaves of hope ; to-morraw bloflbmt.
And boars tus biujhing honsuri thick uo >n him.

Shakeffiart,
But

B L U

BOA

BOA

But here the rofcs tlujh io rare,
Here the mornings fniile ib tair,
As if neirher cloud) nor wind,
But would be courteous, would be kind. Cnj/^JTf.

Along chofc blujhing borders, bright with Jew,

Tbcpijon.

3. It has at before the caafe of fliame.

He whin'd, and roar'd away your viftory,
That pages bbijh'd at him; and men of heart
Loolc'd wondVing at each othef. Shakefpeare.

You have not yet loft all )our natural modefty,
but btujb ct your vice5, Calamy^s Sermcr.s .

To Blush, "v. a. To make red. Not ufed.

Pale and bloodlefs.
Being all defcendcd to the lab'ring heart.
Which with the heart there cools, and ne'er re-

turnech
To t/ujh and beautify the cheek again. Steiif/i.

Blush, n./. [from the verb.]

1, The colour in the cheeks, raifed by
(hame or confulion.

The virgin's v.ifli, without !ier fears, impart;
Ixcufc ihe i/ujh, and pour out all the heart. Pt^r.

2. A red or purple colour.

J. Sudden appearance: a fignification that
fecms barbarous, yet ufed by good writ-
ers.

All purely identical propofitions, obvioudy, and
It firil tluJh, appear to contain no certain inftruc-
tio.T in chem. Loch,

Blu'shy. fl<^'. [from ^/«/^.] Having the
colour of a blu(h.

Blalfonis of tttes, that are white, are commonly
inodorate ; thofe of apples, crabs, peaches, are
hlupj, and fmell fweet. Bactn.

5tratonica entering, moved a hlujhy colour in
his face; but dcfcrting him, he reiapfed into palc-
nefs and languor. Harvrf tn Cunjumptiuni,

•Jo BLU'STER. a/, n. [fuppofed from
klaft.\

1 . To roar as a ftorm ; to be violent and
loud.

Earth his uncouth mother was,
And blufi^ring ^olus his boafted fire. Sptnfer,

So now he llorms with many a fturdy ftoure ;
So now his bhji'rhg Uaft each coall dotli fcour.

Sfcnjcr.

2. To bully ; to puff; to fwaggcr ; to be
tumultuous.

My heart's too b'g to bear this, fays a btajler'mg
fellow ; ril deftrojr myfelf. Sir, fays the gentle-
man, here 's a dagger at your fcrvice : To the
humour went off. U f.jirangt.

Either he muft fink to a downright confeirion,
or mud huff and hlufier, till perhaps be raife a
counter-ftorm. Gvuenmint of tbt Tongue,

Virgil had the majefty of a lawful prince, and
Statius only the bluflcr'mt of 3 tyrant. Dryden.

There let him reign the jailor of the wina' ;
With hoarfe commands his breathing fubjedls call,
And fcoaft and blujler in his empty hall. Drydrn.

Bn;'sTER. n. /. [from the verb.]
-4 . Roar of llorms ; tempeft.

The fkles look grimly,
And threaten prefent blufitrt, Sbaiifftart.

To the winds t'^ey fet
Their corner' ; when with bluj}ir to confound
Sea, air, ami (here. Milioti.

2. Noife ; tumult.

So, by the brazen trumpet's bhjiir.
Troops of all tongues and nations muftcr. Stvifi,

3. Turbulence ; fiiry. •

Spare thy Athenian cradle, and thofe kin.
Which in the blufitr of thy wrath muft fall
With tl.of.- that have oftended. Shakffptari.

4. Boall ; boillcroafnefs.

A coward make; a great deal more tlufttr than

a man of honour. L^E/irange.

Blus'terer. n. /. [from blujler."] A

fwaggercr ; a bully ; a tumultuous ooify

fellow.

Vol. I.

Blu'strovs. adj. \JroxatliiJ!er.'\ Tumul-
tuous ; noify.

The ancient heroes were illuftrious
For being benign, and not blujirout, Iludibras,

BMI. »./, A note in mufick.

Gamut I am, the ground of all accord,
Bmi, Bianca, t.'.ke him for thy lord. Staieffmri.

Bo. interj. A word of terrour ; from Bo,
an old northern captain, of fuch fame,
that his name was ufed to terrify the
enemy. Temple.

BO'AR. n.f. [ban, Saxon ; ^«r, Dutch.]
The male fwine.

To fly the bmr, before the boar purfues,
Weie to inccnfe the ioaito follow us. Sbai.f/ejrt.

She fped the b'jur away :
His eyeballs glare with fire, futfui'd with biood ;
His neck Ihuts up a thickeil thorny wood ;
His brilHed back a trench impal'd appears. Diyd.
Bo'ar-spear. n. f. [from hoar and
Jpear.l A fpear ufed in hunting the boar.

And in her hand a fliarp boar-fpear flic held.
And at her back a bow and quiver gay,
Stuffed with ftcel-heailed darts. Fmri ^nerr.

Echion threw the tirrt, 'xi: mifs'd his mark.
And ftruck his boar-fprar on a maple bark. Dryd.

BOARD, n. /. [baurd, Goth. bpxd.
Saxon.]

1 . A piece of wood of more length and
breadth than thicknefs.

With the faw they fundred trees in loarJi and
planks. Raleigh.

Every houfe has a board over the door, where-
on is written the number, fex, and quality of the
perfons living in it. Temple.

Go now, go truft the wind's uncertain breath,
Remov'd four fingers from approaching death ;
Or feven at mod, when tliickeft is the board. Dryd.

2. A table, [from burdJ, Wellh.]

Soon after which, three hundred lords he flew.
Of BritiOi blood, all fitting at hisiaurj/. Fairy ^

In bed he (Icpt not, for my urging it j
At btard he fed not, for my urging it. Shalufp.

I'll follow thee in fun'rat fiames ; when dead.
My gholl Oiall thee attend at board and bed.

Sir jf. Denhem.
Cleopatra made Antony a fupper, which wa.
fun^ptuous and royal ; howbeit there was no ex-
traordinary fcrvice upon the board.

llakewil/ on Providence,
May cv'ry god his friendly aid aftbrd ;
Pan guard thy flock, and Ceres blefs thy board.

Prior.

3. Entertainment; food.

4. A table at which a council or court is
held.

Both better acquainted with affairs, than any
other who fat then at that bottrJ. Clarendon.

5. An aflembly feated at a table ; a court
of jurifdiftion.

I wiih the king would be pleafed fometimes
to be prefent at that board \ it adds a niajclty to ir.

Bacon,

6. The deck or floor of a (lilp ; on board
fignifies in a (hip.

Now board to board the rival ved'els row,
The billows lave the Ikies, and ocean groans below.

Drydtn.

Our captain thought his (hip in fo great dan-
ger, that he confclTed himfelf to a capuchin who
was on board, jiddijort.

fic ordered his men to arm long poles with
/harp hooks, wherewith they took hold of the tack-
ling which held the mainyard to the mart of their
enemy's fhip ; then, rowing their own Ihip, they
cut the tackling, and brought the mainyard by the
hoard, Arbuihnot on Coini.

To Board, t. a. [from the noun.]
I. To enter a (hip by force ; the fame as
to ftorm, ufed of a city.

I Imrdid the king's fliip : now on the beifc,
Now in the wafte, the deck, in every cabin,
I flam'd amazement. Shake/pear;.

He, not inclin'd the Engli& (hip to board.
More on his guns relies than on his fword.
From whence a fatal volley we leceiv'd ;
It niil's'd the dtike, but his great heart it griev'd.

fya//cr.

Arm, arm, fhe cry'd, and let our Tyriansi.a/i
With ours his fleet, and carry fire and fword. Dent.

2, To attack, or make the firft attempt
upon a man ; aborder quelqu'un, Fr.

Whom, thus at gaze, the palmer 'gan to board
With goodly reafon, and thusfair befpake. Fairy £J.

Away, 1 do befcech you both, away;
I'll hoard him prefently. Stakcfpeare's Hamlet,

Sure, unlefs he knew fome ftrain in me, that
I knew not myfelf, he would never have boarded
me in this fury. Shake/pea- :,

They learn what afVociates and correfpondents
they had, and how far every one is engaged, and
what new ones they meant afterwards to try or
brard. ■ Bacon i Henry VII.

3. To l.iy or pave with boards.

Having thus boarded the whole room, the edges
of fome boards lie higher than the next board :
therefore thry perul'e the whole floor; and, where
they find any irregularities, plane them off.

Moxni Mechanical Excrcifet,

To Board, v. n. To live in a houfe,
where a certain rate is paid for eating.

That sve might not part.
As we at firft did board with thee.
Now thou wouldft taftc our mifcry. Herbert.

We arc fevcral of us, gentlemen and ladies,
who b^ard in the fame houfe ; and, after dinner,
one of our company ftands up, and reads your
paper to us all. SpcHator.

'To Board. 1;. a. To place as a boarder

in another's houfe.
Board-wages, n.f. [from board and

luages.] Wages allowed to fervants to

keep themfelves in viduais.

What more than madnefs reigns.
When one fhort fitting many hundreds drains ;
And not enough is left him to fupply
Beard-wages, or a footman's livery. Dryden.

Bo'arder. n.f. [from boeird.'\ A tabler ;
one that eats with another at a fettled
rate.

Bo'ardxnc-school. )i. /. [from beard
and/f^oo/.] A fchool where the fcho-
lars live with the teacher. It is com-
monly ufed of a fchool for girls.

A blockhead, with melodious voice.
In boardingfcho'ls can have lii^ choice. Swifi.

Bo'arish. adj. [from Bear,] Swini(h ;-
brutal ; cruel.

I would not fee thy cruel nails
Pluck out his poor old eyes ; nor thy fierce Cf?cr
In his anointed llefh Itick boarift> fangs. Utak,

To BOAST, *. if. [bo/}, Welfh.]

1 . To brag ; to difplay one's own worth,
or aflions, in great words.

Let not him that --utteth on his hamefs, itafi
himfelf as he that putteth it ofj. JLWj.

The fp'rits beneath.
Whom I ftduc'd, bmjfing I could fuhdue
Th' Omnipotent. Mitlt»,

2. To talk oftentatioufly.

For I know the fnrrt ardnefi of your mind, for
which 1 Uaji ff you to tlicm of Macedonia.

I Cor,\x,1,

3. It IS ufed commonly with cf.

My f^ntencc i-, for open war ; 0/ wiles,
More inexpert, 1 boaft not. Miltias.

4. Sometimes with in.

They boajl in mortal things, aod *-ond'rlng tell
Of Babel, and tlic works of Memphian kings.

RTdttn,
D i Some

BOA

."xjine furgenni I have met, cartj-ing t>on«4 about
in thiir rotkcts, hcejtmg in that which was their
ffianif. " ff^ifeauB.

5. To exalt one's felf.

Thus with youv mouth yon have t'tijlrd againft
mc, and multiplied your words againft nie.

Ezri. xiiv. 13.

To Boast, t/. a.

1. To brag of; to difplay with oftenta-
tious language.

For if 1 have hajfcd any thing to him of you,
I am not alhamrd. 2 Cor. vii. 14.

Neither do the fpirits damn'd
Lofe all their virtue, left bad man fliould ho:'fi
Their fpecioiis deeds. Milton.

If they vouchfaled to give Cod the praife of his
goodncfs ; yet they did it only, in order to ioaji
the intereft they had in him. yilurtury.

2. To magnify ; to exalt.

They tiiat tmft in their wealth, and i!><i^thcm-
fclvcs in themultitudeofthcirriches. Pf.i/m xl\x. 6.

Confounded be all them that ferve graven ima-
ges, that icaj} thcmfelves of idols. P/alm xcvii. 7.

Boast. ». /. [from the verb.]
I. An expreffion of oflentation ; a proud
fpeech.

Thou, that makeft thy ic^Ji of the law, through
l>realcing the Uw dishonoured thou God ?

Remans f ii. 23.

The world is move apt to find fault than to
commend ; the tiajl will probably be cenfurcd,
when the great a£lion that occafioned it is for-
gotten. Sfrfijur.

i, A caufe of boafting ; an occafion of
pride ; the thing boalted.

Not Tyro, nor Mycene, match her name.
Nor great Alcmcna, the proud l^ajii of fame. Pope.

Bo'aster. »./. [from boajl.] A bragger ;
a man that vaunts any thing oilenta-
tioufly.

Complaints the more candid and judicious of
the chymllls thcmfelves are wont to make of thofe
hcnfteri, that confidently pretend that they have
cxtraAed the fait or fulphur of quickfilver, when
they have difguifed it by addiumcnts, wherewith
it rcfemblcs the concretes. Boyle,

No more delays, vain boafier ! but begin ;
I prophefy beforehand I /hall win ;
lil teach you how to brag another time. Dryden.

He the proud h^flirt lent, with item aflault,
Down to the realms of night. Phi/if 1.

Bo'astful. adj. [from ioafi and _/«//.]
Oflentatious ; inclined to brag.

Bcnjifufy and rough, your firft fon is a 'fquire j
The next a Cradefman, meok, and much a liar.

Pope.

Bo'astingly. aJv. [from boafiing.'] Of-
tentatioufly.

We look on it as a pitch of impiety, ioafiifigly
to avow our fins ; and it deferves to be confidercd,
whether this kind of confefling them, have not
fome affinity with it. Decay of Piety.

BOAT. «./. [bar, Saxon.]

1. A veflel to pafs the water in. It is
nfually diftinguirtied from other velTels,
by being fmaller and uncovered, and
commonly moved by rowing.

1 do not think that any one nation, the Syrian
excepted, to whom the knowledge of the ark came,
did find out at once the device of either Hiip or
fioii, in which they durft venture themfclvcs upon
the fcas. Raieigb^J Ej/ayt.

An effeminate fcoundiel multitude !
Whofe utmoft daring is to crofs the Nile
In painted ioats, to fright the crocodile.

Tate^t Juvenal-

2, A fhip of a fmall fize ; as, a faffnge
boat, peuquet boat, ad-vke boat , fly boat.

Boa'tion. n.f. \ixQvciboare, Lat.] Roar;
noifc ; loud found.
In Mcifina IniuucAIonj the guns were hcatd

BOB

fretn thence as far as Augufta and Syri(«re, tbaut
an hundipj lt.ili.in niilci, in loud kotiiian.

Derhiim'l PbyfiiO-Tbenliry-

Bo'atman. ) »./. [from boat ixnd tnan.]
Bo'atsman. J He that manages a boat.

Bottfmen through the cryftal water (ho*,
T.i wond'rir.g pallengers, the walls below. Diyd-

That booby Phaon only was unkind.
An ill-bred koalman, rough as waves and wind.

Prior.

Bo'ATSWAtN. n.f. [from boat a.nA/tvain.]
An officer on board a lliip. who has
charge of all her rigging, ropci, cables,
anchors, fiils, flags, colours, pendants,
l5c. Healfot.akes care of the long-boat,
and its furniture, and ileers her either
bv himfelf or his mate. He calls out
the feveral gangs and companies to the
execution of their watches, works, and
fpells ; and he is alfo a kind of provoft-
niarfhal, fcizes and punilhes all offen-
ders, that are fentenced by the captain,
or court-martial of the whole fleet.

Harris.
Sometimes the meaneft tcaiftvain may help to
prefcrvG the fliip from finking.

H'jiucl's Prt-cn-.imnce of Pilr!iar>!!Vt.

To BOB. V. a. [of uncertain etymology:
Skinner deduces it from bobo, foolilh.
Span.]

1 . To cut. "Junius. Whence bobtail.

2. To beat ; to drub ; to bang.

Thole b.illard Britons, whom our fathers
Have in their own land beaten, boib'd, and thump'd.

Shakejpiare.

3. To cheat ; to gain by fraud.

1 have bobbed his brain more than he has beat
my bones, Shakefpeare.

Live, Roderigo \
He calls mc to a reftitution large
Of gold and jewels that I bohb'd from him,
As gifts to Defdemona. Shakefpeare.

Here we have been worrying one another, who
(hould have the booty, till this curfed fox has
bobbed us both on't. L'Efrrjr.gt.

To Bob. 1). n. To play backward and
forward ; to play lool'ely againft any
thing.

And fomctimes lurk I in a goflip's bowl.
In very likenefs of a roafted crab ;
And when (he drinks againft her lips I bcb.
And on her withered dewlap p 'ur the ale.

Midjummer Nigbt'i Dream.

They comb, and then tliey order ev'ry hair ;
A birthday jewel bobbing at ihcir ear. Drydev.

Y'ju may tell her,
I'm rich in jewels, rings, and bobbing pearls,
Pluck'd from Moors ears. Dryden.

Bob. «./. [from the verb neuter.]

1. Something that hangs fo as to play
loofely ; generally an ornament at tlie
ear ; a pendant ; an ear-ring.

The gaudy golTip, when (he's let .igog.
In jewels drcrt, and at each car a /'sA. Dryden.

2. The words repeated at the end of a

flanza.

To bed, to bed, will be the bob of the fong.

L^EJlrange.

3. A blow.

I am fliarply taunted, yea fometimea with
pinches, nips, and bobs. yif^tam't Scboolmajier.

4. A mode of ringing.

Bo'bbin. n.f. [bobtne, Vt. irom bombyx,
Lat.] A fmall pin of wood, with a
notch, to wind the thread about when
women weave lace.

The thingt you follow, and make fongs on now,

(hould be fent to knit, or lit dowu to bebtini, or

bootlace. Teller.

I

\

BOD

Bo'bsivwork. n. /. [from bobbin and
ti;ori.] Work woven with bobbins.

Not netted nor w.-.vcn with warp and woof, but
after the rrnnncr oi bobbinv-'crH. Grtiu^s Mujefum.
Bo'bcherry. n.f. [from bob and cheny."]
A play among children, in which th,o
cherry is hang fo as to bob againll the-
mouth.

Bobcberry teaches at once two noble virtues,
patience and conft.uicy ; the fird, in adhering to
the purfuit of one end j the latter, in bearing a
di (appointment. jirbvthr.ot and Pope.

Bo'btaii.. It./, [(vom bob, in the fenl'c
of fa/.] Cut tail ; fhort tail.
Avaunt, you curs !
Be thy mouth or black or white.
Or bobtail tike, or trundle tail,
Tom will make him weep and wail. Shakefpeare,

Bo'bt AILED, adj. [from bobtail.] Hav-
ing a tail cut, or fhort.

There was a boblailed cur cried in 3 gaiette,
and one that found him brought him home to h^s
maftcr. VEfirahge.

Bo'bwig. n. f. [from ^e^ and tuig.] A
Ihort wig.

A young fellow riding towards us full gallop,
with a bobivig and a black (ilken bag tied to it,
llopt (hort at the coach, to a(k us how far the
judges were behind. SpeBator,

Bo'cAsiNE. n.f. A fort of linen cloth ; a
fine buckram. Diil.

Bo'cKELET. \»./. A kind of long-wing-
Bo'cKERET.j ed hawk.

To BODE. T. a. [bobian. Sax.] To por-
tend ; to be the omen of. It is ufed in
a fenfe of either good or bad.

This bodes fome ({range eruption to our ftate.

Hamlet.

You have oppofed their falfe policy wirh true
and great wifdom ; what they boded would be a
mifchicf to us, you arc providing (hall be one of
our principal ftrengths. ^pratt^s Sermons.

It happcn'd once, a boding prodigy I
A (warm of bees that cut the liquid (ky
Upon the topmaft branch in clouds alight. Dryd.

If (icry red his glowing globe dcfcends.
High winds and furious tempe()s he portends 5
But if his cheeks are fwoln with livid blue.
He boeles wet weather by his watry hue. Drydm,

To Bo D E. "v. n. To be an omen ; to
forelhew.

Sir, give me leave to fay, whatever now
The omen prove, it bodfd well to you. Dryden.

Bo'dement, n.y; [from bodt.] Portent j
omen ; prognoftick.

This foolilh, dreaming, fuperllitious girl.
Makes all thefe bodcntents. Shakefpeare.

Macbeth (hail never vanquilh'd be, until
Great Birnam-wood to Dunfinane's high hill
Shall come againlt him

That will never be :

Sweet bodements, good. Shakefpeav.

To Bodge, f . n. [a word in Shakefpeare,
which is perhaps corrupted froin boggle.]
To boggle ; to flop ; to fail.

With this we charg'd again : but out, alas!
We bulg'd again : as I have fcen a fwan,
Wita booticfs labour, fv^im ag.i:n{l the tide. Stal.
Bo'dice. n. /. [from bodies.] Stays; a
waiftcoat quilted with vyhalebone, worn
by women.

Her bodice halfway (he unlacM }
About his arms (he (lily call
The (ilkcn band, and held him faft. Prior.

This conliJcration (hould keep ignorant nurfcs
and io</jf.-.T.akers fr>m me.ldliiig. Locke.

Bo'DiLEss.fl(^'. [from ^ci^'.] Incorporeal j
having no body.

They bodilrfi and immaterial are.
And can be only lodg'd witliin our rounds. Davies.

Th.s

BOD

This IS the verj' coinage of our brain ;
This hcd'deft creation ccftafy
Is vcrj* cunning in. Sbakefptart.

Theft are but fliadows, •

Phantoms bod'thft and vain.
Empty vifinns cf 'he brJin. Stvift.

Bo'di.ly, a:/;, [from ifO((y.]

I. Corporeal ; containing body.

Whjc refemblancc could wi>od or ftonc bear to
1 rpiric void ot' all fenTible qualities, and iodi/y
dimcnfions ? Scuth,

Z. Relating to the body, not the mind.

Of fuch as reforted to our Savif»ur Chrift^ being

prefcnt on earth, there came not any unto him

with betrcr fucceTs, for the benefit or' their fouh

■ cverlafting happinefi, than they whofc bfdily ne-

certit'es gave occafion of feeking relief. H^^ker.

Virtue atcncS for h-kf'tfy defers j beiuty is no-
thing worth, without a mind. L^Eftrangt,

As clcarncf'i of the hdiiy eye dcth (fifpofc it
for a quicker fight ; fo doth freedom from luft
and paHion difpofe us for the moil pcrfc£l ad^s of
reafon. t'tihtjon,

I would not have children much beaten for
their faults, hecaufe I would not have them (bink
hod'ily pain the greatell puniihnQcnt* Luki.

3. Real ; adual.

Whatever h.ith been thought on in this ftate,
That could be brought Co h^ily adl, ere Rome
K.id circumvention. Shakiipeare.

Bo'dilv.W-v. Corporeally; united with
matter.

It is his human nature, in which the godhead
dv^ells hoJi/y, that is advanced to thciie honours,
and to this empire. JVata,

Bo'dkin, n,/, l^boddikcnt or fmall body ;

Skinner,'^

1. An inftrument with a fmall blade and
iharp point, ufed to bore holes.

Each of chem had bodkins in their Jiands, where-
with continually they pricked him. SiJmy.

2. An iuftrument to draw a thread or rib-
band through a loop.

Or plungM in lakes of bitter waihes lie,
Or wedgM whole ages in a ladkiit's eye. P(/f>e»

3. An inibument to drcfs the hair.

You took conftant cjrc
The bodiin, comb, and ciVcncc to prepare !
For this your locks in paper durance bound. Pcpe.
BO'DY. ft./, [bobij, Saxon ; it originally
Agnized the height or flature of a man.]

1. The material fubftance of an animal,
oppofed to the immaterial foul.

All the valiant men arofc, and went all night,
and took the b'jJy of Saul, and the bodies nf his
fun&, from the wall. Samuel,

Take no thought for your lift, what ye iha!l
cat, or what ye Oiali drink j nor yet for yn\ir bcdy^
what ye /hall put on. Matthcio,

By cultom, pudlice, and patrencr, all dJlficultics
and hardihips, whether of body or oi fortune, are
made eafy, VEjirange.

2. Matter : oppofed to fpirit.

3. A perfon ; a human being: whence
fomebody and nobody ,

Surely, a wife b'jdy^t part it were not ti put out
his Are, becaufe hit f<H>li(h n«igiibour, from whom
he borrowed wherewith to kindle it, might fay,
were it not fur me tliou wnuldil freeze. Hooker.

A defiow*r(fJ maid !
And by an eminent bcdy, that enfiirc'd
The law againll it ! Sbakrjpeare,

*Ti» a pafling fhame^
T hat I, unworthy bcdy a& 1 am,
Siiould ccnfurc thu» on lovely gentlemen. Shak.

No icA fceth me j what need 1 to fear > the
Moft High will not rc:nrinUr my fmi. Ealus,

All civility and reafon obliged every body to
fubmit. Clarendan,

Good may be drawn out of evil, and a br)dy'%
tifc may be faved without having any obligation to
hit prcUiver. Vt-fitangi,

BOG

4. Reality ; oppofed to reprefentation : a
fcriptural fenfe.

A ihadow of things to come j but the body is of
ClirilV. Colojpans.

5. A colleftive mafs ; a joint power.

There is in tlic knowledge both of God and
man this certainty, that lite and death have di-
vided between them the whole body of mankind.

Hooker,

There were fo many difaffeflcJ pcrfons of the
mbility, that there might a b<uty Hart up for the
king. Ciartrd^n,

When pigmies pretend to form ihemfelves into
a hofiy, it is time for us, who are men oi figdre,
to look ab->ut us. ^(iii'tj:,ns Cuartiian,

6. The main army ; the battle : diftinft
from the wings, van, and rear.

The van of tnc king's army was led by t)ie
general and Wilmot ; in tl:e totly was the king
and the prince j and the 'r^sr confifted of one
thoufand foot, commanded under colonel Thel-
w-ell. Clarendon.

7. A corporation ; a number of men
united by fome common tye.

I (hall now mention a particular wherein your
whole hotiy will be certainly againft me; and the
laity, almofl to a man, on my fide. Swift,

Nothing was more common, th.m to hear that
. reverend hoeiy charged with what is inconiillent j
defpifcd for their poverty, and hated for their
richer. Stvift*

8. The main part ; the bullc : as, the boeiy,
or hull, of a (hip; the tody of a coach ;
the botiy of a church ; the boJy, or trunic,
of a man ; the body, or trunk, of a tree.

Thence fent rich merchandizes by boat to Ba-
bylon) from whence, by the i?</f of Euphrates,
as far as it bended wellward \ and, afterward, by
a branch thereof, Raleigh,

This city has navigable rivers, thit run up into
the body of Italy ; they might fupply many coun-
tries with fi(h. Acitiifzrt,

9. A fubltance ; matter, as diilinguilhed
from other matter.

Even a metalline body^ and therefore much more
a vegetable or animal, may, by tire, be t'irned
into water. £oyle»

10. [In geometry.] Any folid figure.

11. A pandeft ; a general collection : as,
a /Wv of the civil law ; a boe/y of divi-
nity.

12. Strength ; as, wine of a good body.
Bouy-ci.OTHts. n. f. [from body and

clothes.'] Clothing for horfes that are

dieted.

1 am informed that feveral afTcs arc kept in
body-cl^iatbiy and fweatcd every morning upon the
heath. « ytjdijhn.

To Bo'dv. V, a. [from the noun.] To
produce in fome form.

As imagination bodie$ forth
The forms of things unknown, the poet's pen
Turns them to ihapc. Sbakrfpeare.

BOG. n.f. [bog, foft, Irilh ; bague, Fr.]
A marlh ; a morafs ; a ground too foft
to bear the weight of the body.

Through iire and through ftami;, through fnrJ
and whirlpool, o'er bog and quagmire. Sbakeffteure.

A gulf profound ! as that Serbunian bi.gj
Betwixt Damiata and mount Cafius old. ATi/rott.

He walks upon bjgs and whirlpools j vvhcrc-
focvcr he treads, he finks. South.

Learn from fo great a wit. a land of bogs
With ditchc'i fcnc'd, a heaven fat with fogs. Dry J.

He is drawn, by a fort of i£i>;j fatuui, into io/i

and mire almoin every day of his life. h^atri,

Boo-TROTTER. ». / [from bog and Iral.}

One that lives in a boggy countrv.
To BO'GCiLP:. f. n. [from bogil, Dutch,
a fpcclrc, a bugbear, a pliantom.]

B O I

1 . To ftart ; to fly back ; to fear to come
forward.

You baggle-lknviily i every feather flarts you.

Shakefpeare*
Vft ftart and boggle at every unufual appearance,
and cannot endure the fight of the bugbear.

Grattvilkm
Nature, that rude, and in her fitft eflay.
Stood boggling at the roughnefs of the way j
UsM to the road, unknowing to return,
Goes boldly on, and loves the path when worn.

Drydcnt

2. To hefitate, to be in doubt.

And never boggle to reftore
The members you deliver o'er.
Upon demand. Hudibras.

The well-fhapcd changeling is a man that has
a rational foul, fiiy you ? Make the ejrs a little
longer, and more pointed, and the nofe a little
flatter tlian ftrdinary, and then you begin to boggle.

hoe he.

3. To play fail and loofe ; to diffemble.

When fummoned to his lail end, it was no timo
for him to boggle with the world. Ho^vel.

Bo'cc 1.7.9.. n.f. [from boggle."] A doubter ;
a timorotts man.

You have been a boggier ever. Sbakefpearcm

Bo'cGY. adj. [from bog^ Marlhy ; fwam-

py-

Their country was very narrow, low, and boggy,
and, by great induftry and cxpcnces, defended
from the fea. ArbuihtM.

Bo'g HOUSE, n. f. [from ^ef and houfi.'\
A houfe of office.

Bohe'a. n.f. [an Indian word.] A (pedes
of tea, of higher . colour, and more
aftringent tafte, than green tea.

Coarfe pewter, confifting chiefly of lead, is part
of the bales in which hobca tea was brought from
China. Wood'ward»

As fome frail cup of China's faireft; mold
The tumults of the boiling bobea braves.
And holds fccure the coffee's fable waves. tiekelK

She went from opera, park, afl'cmbly, play.
To morning walks, and pray'rs three hours a day;
To part her time 'twixt reading and bobea.
To mufe, and fpill her folitary tea. Pope,

To BOIL. v. n. \boutlhr, Fr. bullio, Lat.]

1. To be agitated by heat ; to fluftuate
with heat.

He faw there ioi/ the fiery whirlpools. Chapman.

Suppofe the earth removed, and placed nearer to
the fun, in the orbit of Mercury, there the whole
ocean would boil with extremity of heat. Beniley.

2. To be hot ; to be fervent, or effervef-
cent.

That ftrength with which my boi/itig youth was
fraught.
When in the vale of Balafor I fought. Dryditi.

Well I knew
What perils youthful ardour would purfue.
That bciling blood would carry thee too far. Dryd,

3. To move with an agitation like that of

boiling water.

Then headlong flioots beneath the dalhing tide.
The trembling fins the boiling waves divide. Gay^

4. To be in hot liquor, in order to be
made tender by the heat.

Fillet of a fenny fnake.
In the cauldron boil and bake. Sbakefpeare^

5. To cook by boiling.

If yiitt live in a rich family, roafting^d boiling
are below the dignity of your ofHce, and which it
becomes yr>u to be ignorant of. ilivife*

6. To bait over. To run over the vefTel with
heat.

A few foft words and a kift, and the good man
nicltt i fee how nature works and btili ever in him.

Cmgrnie.
D d » Thi>

B O L

Th'u hollow was a vaft cauldron, tilleil w'ltli
melceil matter, which, as it hci/eJ vvtr in any part,
raa down the fitics of the mountain. Add\j, on Italy,

To Boil. v. a. To heat, by putting into
boiling water ; to feeth.

To try whether feeds be old or new, the fenfc
cannot inform j but if you toU them in water, the
new feeds will fprout fooner. Ba<on.

In eggs boiled and roalled, into which the water
entcrf th not at all, there is fcavce any difference to
be difcemed* Bacon,

Boil. n,/. See Bii.b.

Bo'i L A R y . ». / [from To toil.] A place at

the fait works where the fait is boiled.
Bo'iLER. /I./, [from toil.]

1 . The perfon that boils any thing.

That fuch alterations of terrelirial matter are
not impolTiblr, fecms evident from that notable
praOicc ff tbe toilers of falt-petrc. SijU.

2. The veflel in which any thing is boiled.

This coffee-room is much frequented ; and
there are generally feveral pots and loiltrt before
the fire. ffoodmiard.

BOISTEROUS, adj. [hfier, furious,
Dutch.]

1. Violent; loud; roaring ; ftormy.

By a divine inftinft, men's minds millrufl
£nfuing danger; as by proof we fee
The waters fwell before a hoijltroui ftorm. Siaieff,
As when loud winds a well-grown oak would
rend
Up by the roots, this way and that they bend
His reeling trunk, and with a boifi^roui found
Scatter hi> leaves, and ftrew them on the ground.

If'aller.

2. Turbulent ; tumultuous ; furious.

Spirit of peace,
Wherefore do you fo ill tranflate yourfelf
Out of the fpeech of peace, that bears fuch grace,
Into the harlh and hoiji'rous torgueof war ? Shak.

His fwcetnefs won a more regard
Unto his place, than all the hojJTrcut moodJ
That ignorant g'eatnefs praflileth. Ben Jon/on,

God into the hands of their deliverer
Puts invincible might.

To quell the mighty of the earth, th' oppreflor.
The brute and iol/i'nus force of violent men. Afi/rtr.
Still mult I beg thee not to name Scmpronius ;
Lucia, I like not that loud hoifienui man. AdJiJt>n.

3. Unwieldy ; clumfily violent.

His hiijlerous c\\ib, fo buried in the ground.
He cou'td not reaien up again fo light.
But that the knight him at advantage frund.

Fain i^ecn,

4. It is ufed by ff^ocd-warii of hent ; violent.

When the fun hath gained a greater ftrength,

the heat becomes too powerful and boi/trrcus for

them. Naiurcl Uijhry.

Bo'isTEROusLY. oJi; . [from boijlerous."]

Violently ; tumultuouily.

A fceptrc, fnatch'd wiili an unruly hand,
Wuft be as toijleroujly mainta'n'd as gain'd. Sl-ak,
Thofe are all remains of the univerfnl dcluire,
when the water of the ocean, being hijlrrn'jh
turned out upon tlie earth, bore along with it .th
moveable bodies. fyo'niwaid.

Another faculty of the intelleft comes hmjiimjU
in, and wakes me from fo pleafmg a dream. S^vjift.
Bo'lSTEROUSNESS. n.f. [ftom hoijlerous .'\
The ftatc cr quality of being boiilerous ;
tumu'tuoufnels ; turbulence.
Bo'lary. adj. [from hole.^ Partaking of
the nature of bole, or clay.

A Hvak and inanimate kind of loadilone,wirh a
few magnctical lines, but chiefly confilVmg of a
bcUrj and clammy fubftance. Brcivn'i Vu!g, Err.

BOLD, adj, [bate, Saxon.]
I. Daring; brave; ftout ; courageous;
magnanimous ; fearlefs ; intrepid.

TliC wicked flee when no man purfucth ; but
the iig}>tcous are iold as » Uon. Provcrii.

B O L

I have fcen the councils of a noble country grow
hold, or timorous, according to the fits of his good
or ill health that managed them. Temple,

t. Executed with fpirit, and without mean

caution.

Thefe, nervous, bold ; thofe, languid and re-

mifs. Rcficmniir:.

The cathedral church is a very iuW work, and a

mafter-piece of Gothick archite£lurc^</i/i/'.<in J/a^.

3. Confident; not fcrupulousj not timo-
rous.

We were bold in our God to fpeak unto you
the gofpel of God with much contention, i Tbeff".

I can be bcid to fay, that this age is adorned
with fome men of that judgment, that they could
open new and undifcoveicd ways to knowledge.

Locke.

4. Impudent ; rude.

In thy profperlty he will be as tliyfelf, and will
be bild over thy fervants. If tliou be brought low,
he will be againll thee. Ecc.'ut.

5. Licentious; fuch as (hew great liberty
of fitlion, or expreflion.

The figures arc bold even to temerity. Co^vley.
Which no hold tales of gods or monfters fwell,
But human palTions, fuch as with us dwell. Waller.

6. Standing olJt to the view ; ftriking to
the eye,

Catachrefes and hyperboles are to be ufed judi-
cioufly, and placed in poetry, as heightenings and
fliadows in painting, to make the figure holder, and
caufe it to (tand off to light. Dryden,

7. Open ; fmooth ; even ; level : a failor's
term.

Her dominions have hold acceflible coalls. Howel.
I. To mail iold. To take freedoms : a
phrafe not grammatical, though com-
mon. To be bold is better ; as, / luas
hold to tell the houfe, that fcandalous
livings make fcandalous minillers.

Rudgerd,

I have made hold to fend to your wife ;
My fuit is, that the will to Dcfdemona
Procure me fome accefs. &bakijpcare,

Aldkingfo hold.
My fears forgetting manners, to unfeal
Their grand commiffinn. Slakcffeare,

And were y* as good as George a Green,
I fh?ll make bold to turn agen. Htidibras,

I durft not make thus bold with Ovid, leil fome
future Milbourn rtiould arifc. Dryden.

Some men have the !oi tune to be efteemed wits,
only for making bold to feoff at thefe things, which
the greater part of mankind reverence. tilloijon.

To Bo'lden.i». a. [from bold.'\ To make
bold ; to give conhdencc.

Quick inventcrs, and fair ready fpeakers, being
boldcnid w'wh their prefent abilities to fay more,
and perchance better tf/i, at the fudden for that
prefcnt, than any other can -do, ufe lefs help of
diligence and ftudy. j^fcbam's Scboolmajli

I am mucli t.TO vent'rous
In tempting of your patience, but am bolden^d
t'nder your promis'd pardon. Sbakefpeare,

Bo'ldface. n.f. [from bold znA jfau;'\
Impudence; faucinefs ; a term of re-
proach and reprehenfion.

How now, bcldfa<t ! cries an old trot: firrah,
we cat our own hcrr, I'd have you knr>\v ; what
you eat, you fteal, L KJlrarge.

Bo'ldfacld. adj. [from ^eA/ and _/flr^.]
Impudent.

I have ficn thole fillieft of creatures ; and,
feeing thc'r lare works, I have fc"n enough to
confute all the boldfaced atheifts of this age.

Bramhall ttgfiitj} Uobhei.

Bo'loly. adv. [from bold.']

1. In a bold manner ; with courage ; with

fpiiit.
Thus we may boldly fpcak, being ftrengthened

with the exampU of fo reverend a pirbte. fiotkir.

B O L

I fpeak to fubjefls, and a fuWjeQ fpeaki,
Stirt'd up by heav'n, thus boldly for his king,

Stakcfpeare.

2. It may perhaps be fometimes ufed, in a

bad fenle, for impudently.
Bo'ldness. «./^from bold.]

1 , Courage ; bravery ; intrepidity ; fpi-
rit ; fortitude ; magnanimity ; daring-
nefs.

Her horfe Ihe rid fo, as might fiicw a fearful
holdnefi, daring to do that which die knew not bow
to do. Sidney '

2, Exemption from caution and fcrupulous
nicety.

The holdnefi of the figures is to be hidden fome-
times by the addrefs of the pixM, that they may
work their effeft upon the mindt Dryden,

3, Freedom ; liberty.
Great is my holdnefi of fpeech toward you ; great

is my glorying in you. 2 Corinthians,

y. Confident truft in God.

Our fear exdudeth not that boldnefs which be-
Cometh faints. Hooker,

We have holdnefi and accefs with confidence, by
the faith of him. Ephepani.

Having therefore holdnefi to enter into the ho-
licft by the blood of Jefus. Hthrervs,

;, Aflurance ; freedom from bafhfulnels ;
confident mien.

Wonderful is the cafe of holdnefi in civil bufi-
nefs : what firft ? Boldnefs, What fecond and
third i Boldnif, And yet holdnefi is a child of
ignorance and bafenefs, far inferiouc to other parts.

Bacon,
Sure, if the guilt were theirs, they could not
charge thee
With fuch a gallant holdnefi ; if 'twere thine.
Thou couldft not hear 't with fuch a lilent fcom.

Denham,

His dil^ance, though it does not inftruft him to

think wifer than other princes, yet it helps him to

fpeak with more holdnefi what he thinks. Temple,

Boldnefs is the power to fpeak or do what we

intend, before others, without fear or diforder.

Locke,

6. Impudence.

That moderation, which ufeth to fupprefs hold-
nefi, and to make them conquer that fuffcr. Hooker,

BOLE. «./

1 . The body or trunk of a tree.

All fell upon the high-hair'd oaks, and down
their curled brows
Fell buftling to the earth ; and up went all th:
boles and boughs. Chapman,

But when the fmoither bole from knots is free,
Wc make a deep inclfion in the tree. Dryden,
View well this tree, the queen of all the grove ;
How vail her tJe, how wide her arms are fpread.
How high above the reft <hc (boots her head ! Dryd,

2. A kind r ' irth.

Bole Armii..,.,^ is an aftringent earth, which
takes its name from Armenia, the country from
which we have it. V'oodward,

3. A meafure of corn, containing fix
bufhels.

Of good barley put eight holes, that is, about
fix Englifh quarters, in a (tone trough. Mortimer,

BO'llS. n,f. [Latin.]

Bolis is a great ficrj ball, fwiftly hurried through
the air, and generally drawing a tail after it. Arif-
tolle calls it caprj. There have often been im-
menfe balls of this kind. Mufihintrseck,

Boll. ». /. A round ftalk or ftem ; as, a

boll of flax.
To Boll, -v. n. [from the noun.] To

rife in a ftalk.

And the flax and the barley was fmltten : for
the barley was in the ear, and the flax wa^ holUJ,

Exodus,

BO'LSTER, It. f [bolj-tre. Sax, boljler,
Dutch.]

I. Some-

B O L

1. Something laid on the bed, toraifeand
fupport the head ; commonly a bag filled
with down or feathers.

Perhaps fome cold bank is her holjier now.
Or *gatnft the rugged bh.k of fome broad elm
Leans her unpillowM head. Mtlton.

This arm (hall be a ioljler for thy head ;
ril fetch clean Uraw to make a foldier's bed. Gay.

2. A pad, or quilt, to hinder any pref-
fure, or fill up any vacuity.

Up goes her hand, and off Ihe flips
The holjitn that fupply her hips. S-w'ift.

3. A pad, or comprefs, to be laid on a
wound.

The bandage is the girt, which hath a holjler in
the middle, and the ends tacked iirmly together.

}yijeman,

4. [In horfemanihip.]

The bilfien of a faddle are thofe parts raifed upon
the bows, to hold the rider's thigh. Farritr'i Did.

To Bo'lster. v. a, [from the noun.]

1 . To fupport the head with a bolfter.

2. To alFord a bed to.

Mortal eyes do fee them talfier.
More than their own. Shaktfpeart^s OtbeUo,

3. To hold wounds together with a com-
prefs.

The pradice of holfttring the cheeks forward,
does little fervicc to the wound, and is very uneafy
to the patient. Sbarf,

4. To fupport ; to hold up ; to maintain.
This is now an exprellion fomewhat
coarfe and obfolete.

We may be made wiler by the publick perfua-
ijons grafted in men's minds. To they be ufed to
further the truth, not to Mjicr errour. Hooktr.

The lawyer fets his tongue to fale for the hcijltr-
tng out of unjuft caufes. Hakcwi/l.

It was the way of many to hoffitr up their crazy
doating confciences with confidences. Saulb.

BOLT. n. f. [6ouii, Dutch ; BiM^.]
I. An arrow ; a dart fhot from a crofsbow.

Yet mark'd I where the Mt of Cupid fell }
It feil upon a little weftem Bower,
Before milk-white, now purple with love's wound.

Sbaiefpeare.
The blunted <o/f againft the nymph he dreftj
But with the (harp transfix'd Ap'illo's breaft. Dryd.
2 .Lightning ; a thunderbolt.

Sing'd with the flames, and with the it/ts trans-
fix'd.
With native earth your blood the monfters mix'd.

Dry,i,n.

3. Bolt upright ; that is, upright as an
arrow.

Brufli iron, native or from the mine, confiftcth
of long ilriae, about the thickncfs of a fmall knit-
ting needle, ioJi ufrighl, like the btiftles of a ftitt"
Wulh. Oreia.

As I ftood Ml upright opon one end, one of the
laaiei burft ou^. j^dMfon.

4, The bar of a door, fo called from being
ftraight like an arrow. We now {iy,jhoot
tie bdt, when we fpeak of fattening or
opening a door.

*'i'is not in thee, to oppoie the bolt
A^i'ynA my coming in. Shaitfpeare.

J. An iron to fallen the legs of a priloner.
This is, I think, corrupted from bought,
or link.

Away with him to prifon ; lay bittt enough upon
him. Sbaitjftartt

To Bolt. -v. a. [from the noun.]
I. To (hut or fallen with a bolt.
The balled gates hew open at the blall ;
Tbe ftorm rulh'd in, and Arcite Hood aghart.

Dry.lrn.

3. To blurt out, or throw out precipitantly.

1 hate vfhvn vice caa^'/// her arguments,
And virtue has n j tong uc to check her pride, Milisn.

B O L

3. To fallen, as a bolt or pin ; to pin ; to
keep together.

That I could reach the a»le, where the pins are
Which bolt this frame, that I might pull them out !

Ben Jorjtin.

4. To fetter ; to Ihackle.

It is great
To do that thing that ends all other deeds,
Which ihackles accidents, and bolls up change.

Sbakejfteare.

5. To fift, or feparate the parts of any
thing with a fieve. [bluter, Fr.]

He now had bmilted all the flour. Sfevjer.

in the bolting and lifting of fourteen years of
power and favour, all that came out could not be
pure meal. Walton.

I cannot bolt this matter to the bran.
As Bradwardin and holy Auftin can. Dryden.

6. To examine by fifting ; to try out ; to
lay open.

It would be well bolted out, whether great re-
fradions may not be made upon reflections, as
upon direct beams. Bacon.

The judge, or jury, or parties, or the council, or
attornies, propounding quellions, beats and bolts out
the truth much better than when the witnefs deli-
vers only a formal feries. Hale.

Time and nature will W/ out the truth of things,
through all difguifes. VEJlrange.

7. To purify; to purge. This is harfli.

The fanned fnow,
That'j bolted hf the northern blaft twice o'er.

Sbakejpeare.

To Bolt. 1;. ». To fpring out with (peed
and fuddennefs ; to ilart out with the
quicknefs of an arrow.

This Puck feems but a dreaming dolt.
Still walking like a ragged colt,
And oft out of a bufli doth ball.
Of purpofe to deceive us. Drayton.

They erefled a fort, and from thence they
boiled like beads of the forell, fometimea into the
foicft, fometimcs into the woods and faftnefTes,
and fometimes back to their den. Baccn.

As the houfe was all in a flame, out bolts a
moufe from the ruins to fave herfelf. VEfirangc.

I have refleflcd on thofe men who, from time to
time, have /hot themfelves into the world. I have
feen many fucceflTions of them ; fome bolting out
upon the ftage with vaft applaufc, and others hiffed
oti. Dryden.

The birds to foreign feats rcpair'd;
And beafts, that bolted out, and faw the forcft
bar'd, Dryder.

BoLT-ROPE. ». / [from bolt and rope.]
The rope on which the fail of a (hip is
fewed and faftened. Sea Diil.

Bo'lter. n. /. [from the verb.]

1 . A fieve to feparate meal from bran or
hufks ; or to feparate finer from coarfcr
pnrts.

Dowlas, filthy ijowlas ! I have given them away
to bakers wives, and they have made boltirs of
them. Shaktjpearc.

With a good ftrong chopping knife mince the
^V) capons, bones and all, as fmall as ordinary
minced meat j put them into a large neat hoiitr.
B aeon s Natural Hjftiry.

When fupercilioufly be fifis
Through coarfcft bolter others gifts. Hudibrai.

2. A kind of net.

ihefi: hikes, and divers others of the fore-
cited, are taken with threads, and fome of them
with the bolter, which is a fpiUer of a bigger Cur..

Carezv.

Eo'lthead. »./. A long (Iraight-necked
glafs vefTel, for chymical diftillations,
called alfo a matrajs, or receiver.

This fpirit abounds in fait, which may be fepa-
rated, by putting the litjuor into a ttllbcad with a
long narrow neck, Jlojlc.

BOM

Bo'ltinc-house. n. /. [from bolt inS>
houfe.] The place where meal is fifted.

The jade is returned as white, and as powdered,
as if Ihe had been at work in a bolting-bcufe,

Dennis,

Bo'ltsprit. 1 n.f. A mall running out
Bo'wspRiT. J at the head of a fliip, not
Handing upright, but aflope. The but
end of it is generally fet againfl the foot
of the foreman ; fo that they are a ftay
to one another. The length without
board is fufiicient to let its fails hang,
clear of all incumbrances. If the bolt-
fprit fail in bad weather, the foremall
cannot hold long after. Bovijprit is per-
haps the right fpelling. Sea Diil^

Sometin.es I'd divide.
And burn in many places ; on the topmaA:,
The yards, and boltfpril, would I flame dlftinfVly.

Sbakejpeare^

Bo'lus. n.f. [5oA©-.] A form of medi-
cine, in which the ingredients are made
up into a foft mafs, larger than pills, to
be fwal lowed at once.

Keep their bodies foluble the while by dyftere,
lenitive boluja of callia and manna, witlr fyrup of-
violets. fyi/eman—

By poets we are well afiur'd,
That love, alas ! can ne'er be cur'd^'
A complicated heap of ills,
Dcfpifing iolu/is and pills. Stvifti-

BOMB. n.f. [bomius, Lat.]

1. A loud noife.

An upper chamber being thought weak, was-
fupportcd by a pillar of iron, of the bignefs of.
one's arm in the midii ; which, if you had Itruck^.
would make a little flat noife in the room, but a
great bomb in the chamber beneath. Bacon.

2. A hollow iron ball, or fhell, filled with,
gunpowder, and furnifhed with a vent
for a fufee, or wooden tube filled witl^
combullible matter, to be thrown out
from a mortar, which had its name-
from the noife it makes. The fufee,
being fet on fire, burns flowly till it
reaches the gunpowder, which goes ofF
at once, burlling the (hell to pieces with
incredible violence : whence the ufe of
bombs in befieging towns. The langeft
are about eighteen inches in diameter.
By whom they were invented is not
known, and the time is uncertain; fome
fixing it to 1588, and others to 1495.

Chambert.
The loud cannon miflive iron pours.
And in the flaught'ringAomAGradivus roars, Rovve,.

To Bomb, 1;. a. [from the noun.] To
fall upon with bombs ; to bombard.

Our king thus trembles at Namur,
Whilft Villeroy, who ne'er afraid is.

To Bruxelles marches on Iccurc,
To bomb the monks, and fcare the ladies. Prior.

Bo ME -CHE ST. ti.f. [from bomb and che/l.J
A kindof chell filled ufually with bombs,
and fometirses only with gunpowder,
placed under ground, to tear and blow
it up in the air, with thofe who (land
on it. Chambers.

Bomb-ketch. 7 n.f. A kind of rtilp,
BoMB-viissEL. 3 llrongly built, to bear
the Ihock of a mortar, when bombs arc
to be fired into a town.

Nor could an ordinary fleet, with bomh-'vtjph,
hope to fuccecd againfl a place that haj in its ar-
fenal gallics and mcu of vkar. jiddifon on Italy.

Bo'.MBARD,

BON

fio'M8AK.n. B. /. \bvmbarJui, Latin.]

1 . A great gan ; a cannon : it i» a word
now obfolete.

Tiiey planted in diver; places twelre great'icm-
tariis^ wlicrcvvith thfy thicw huge lionet into the
air, which, fjlling down into the city, might break
down the houfes. Kmlla,

2. A barrel. Obfolete.

1'» Bom B a'r t>. v. a. [from the noun.] To

attack with bombs.

A medal it (Irucic on the Englilh failing in
their attempts on Dunkirk* when tbcy endea-
voured to bUiw up a tort, and tomiard (he town.

MJiJcn.
BomsaRDi'er. n. f. [from hombard.'\
' The engineerwhofc employment it is to
flioot bombs.

The htmhardkr tolTes his ball fomctimes into the
inidKof a cit)-, with a defign to fill all around him
MJth terro-jr and combullion. 1'tiltr.

Bomba'rdment. n. /. [iiom. bombard .'\
An attiick made upon J any "city ,'- by-
throwing bombs int6 it. ■• '■'■'■ ■■

Genoa la not yet fecur* fiwrn a hmthtrilnnn ,
though it is not fo cxpoied as formerly, yidaijan,

Bombasi'n. u./. \_bembajin, Fr. from bom-
bydntis, ftlken, Lat.] A flight filken
Ihiff", for mourning.

Bomba'st. tt. f. [A fluff of Toft loofe
texture ufcd formerly to fwell the gar-
ment, and thence ufed to fignify bulk
or (hew without folidity.] Fullian ; big
words, without meaning.

Not pedants motley tongue, foldiers hcmhafiy
ftlountcbanks drug-tongue, nor the terms of law.
Are ftrong enough preparatives to draw
Me to hear this. Donne,

Arc all the flights of heroick poety to be con-
cluded bwtibiiji, unnatural, and mere madncfs, be.
caufc they are not aft'eftcd with their excellencies ?

Dryden.

Bo'mbast. adj. [from the fubftantive.]
High foundmg ; of big found without
meaging.

He, as loving his own pride and purpofe,
Evades them with z hombaji circumftance.
Horribly ftuft'd with epithets of war. Staitfjp.
Bombila'tion. »./. [fiombombus, Lat.]
Sound ; noife ; report.

How to abate the vigour, or filence the har.bila-
ttcn of gun^, a way is faid to be by borax and but-
ter, mixt in a due proportion, which will almoft
take off the report, and alfi) the force of the charge,
i, Brmvn'i Vulgar Erroun.

BoMBv'ciNOus. aifj. [bombycinui, Lat.]

Silken ; made of filk.
£ONJ ROBA. n. /. [Ital. a fine gown.]
A (hewy wanton.

We knew where the hma roha% were, Shuhcff}.

BONJ-SUS. n.f. [Lat.] A kind of buf-
falo, or wild bull.

BONCHRE'TIEN. n.f. [French.] A .'pe-
cies of pear, fo called, probably, from
the name of a gardener.

BOND. a. /. [bonb. Sax. bound; it is
written indifferently, in many of its
iefxki, bond, or band. See Band.]

1. Cords, or chains, with which anyone
is bound.

There left me, and my man, both bound to-
gether i
Till, gnawing with my teeth my ionii afundcr,
I gsin'd my freedom. Shahjfeari.

2. Ligament that holds any thing toge-
ther.

Let any one fend hit contemplation to the ex-
trcoiitica of the univcrfe, and fee what cooceivable

BON

hotfpl, what Itni he can Imagine, to hold thin m'sft
of matter in fo clofe a preiVur.'. together. • Code.

3. Union ; connexion : a workman's term.

Obferve, in \«orkiiig up the walls, that no fide
of the hoaie, nor any part ft the walls, be brought
up tlirce feet abovp the other, before the aexf
adjoining wail be wrought up to it, fo that ihej
miy bf all joined together, and make a good icnd.
Mortimer's Uujhandry.

4.. [In the pIuraL] Chains; imprifon-
. ment ; captivity.

Whom I perceived to have nothing laid to hi?
charge worthy of death, or ai b^ndi, Acii, xjtiii, 29.

5. Cement of union ; caufe of unioa; link
of connexion.

Wedding is grpat Juno's crown ;
O blcfl'ediiurf of board and bed ! Shaitjftarc.

Love cools, brothers divide, and the h'^nd 15
cracked 't^vixt'fon.ajd father, Shakifp. King Lrar.

6. A writing of oblig.ntion to pay a fum,
or perform a contraft.

1 -Go with me to a notary, fcal me there

I Your Tingle bond. Shahffeafc.

I ■ What if I ne'er confcntto make you mihc j

My father's promife ties me not to time;

And burdi without a diie, they fay, are void.

Drydm.

7. Obligation ; law by which any man is
obliged.

Unhappy that I am ! I cannot? heave
My heart mto my mouth : I love your majcfty
According to my Itcndy no more nor lefi, Sh.ik.
Take which you pleafc, it difiblves the bofids
of government and obedience, ho:ke.

Bond. adj. [from bind, perhaps for bound;
from jebonben. Saxon.] Captive ; in a
fervile Hate.

Whether we be Jews or Gentiles, whether we
be bond or free. i Cor, xii, 13.

Bo'ndage. n. f, [from hond.'\

1 . Captivity ; imprifonment ; ftate of re-
ftraint

You only have overthrown me, and In my
bondage confills my glory. Sidney.

Say, gentle princefs, would you not fuppofe
Your bondage happy, to be made a queen ?
—To be a queen in bondage, is more vile
Than is a (lave in bafe fervility. Sbakfpeare.

Our cage
We make a choir, as doth the prifon'd bird,
And (ing our bondage freely, Shaktjf. Cjmbeline.

The king, when he dclign'd you for my guard,
Refolv'd he would not make my bondage hard, Vryd,

2. Obligation ; tye of duty.

If (he has a ftruggie for honour, (he is in a
bondagt to love ; which gives the ftory its turn that
way. Pofe,

He muft refolve by no means to be enllaved,
and brought under the bondage of obferving oaths,
which ought to vanilli when they Hand in com-
petition with eating and drinking, or taking mo-
ney, • Hotiih.
Bo'ndmaid. n.f, [from bond, captive,
and »»<?/</.] A woman flave.

Good fiftcr, wrong me not, nor wrong yourfclf,
To made a bondmaid and a Have of me, Sbaie/p.

Bo'ndman, rt. /, [from ^eW and man,]
A man flave,

Amongft the Romans, in making of a bondman
free, was it not wondered wherefore fo great ado
(hould be made ? the maftcr to prefcnt his flave
in fome court, to take him by the hand, and not
only to fay, in the hearing of the publick ma-
giltrate, 1 will that this man become free ; but,
after thofc foltmn words uttered, to ftrike him on
the cheek, to turn him round, the hair of his
head to be Ihaved oft", the magiftrate to touch him
thrice with a rod; in the end, a cap and a white
garment given him, Utok:r.

O freedom 1 firft delight of human kind ;
Not that which ^(fli/mm from tiicir maliers 6nd.

Vrjden.

BON

Bondie'rvant. n, f. ffrom h«nd and
jirwan/.] A flave ; a fervant without
, the liberty of quitting his mailer,

, And if thy brot-her, that divclleth bjtho*, be
' waxen poor, and be fold unto thee, thou tflialt nit
compel him to ferve .k a btnd-ffrvan/. -1

Levitieui, rev, 3 j,

Bon itse'r VICE, »./ [from bond ^.tA fit-
, "vice.] The condition of a bondl'eivant ;
flavery.
Upon thole did Solomon levy a tribute of bond-
fervice. King!,

Bo'tiDSLAVE; n./: [from bind 'and Jlave,]
A man in flavery ; one pf fervile con-
dition, who cannot change his mailer.

Love enjoined fuch diligence, that no apprch-
r'-c, no, no bondjUvey could ever be, by tear,
more ready at all commands than that young prin-
cefs was, Sidney*
All her ornaments are taken away ; of a freer
I woman (Ve is becomea*5<;r/^<TOt', t Mace. Vi.ti.
j Comiiiunly xhe btn.'ijla've i ] fed by his lord, but
I here tire lord was fed by his bondjlj^e.
I Sir y. Dailies,
Bo'kdsmak. h. /, [from ^cW and man,]
: 1. A flave. . .'

' Carnal greedy people, without fuch a precept,
would have nc mercy tipon their poor bondjmen
and beads. Derlofr,

2, A perfon bound, or giving fecurity, for
another, .

Bo'ndswoman, a,/ [from bend undivo-
man,] A woman flave.

My lords, thu feitators
Are fold for flaves, and their wives for bondfioomer,
Ben yonfon'i Caialine^

BONE, n.f. [ban, Saxon.]

I . The folid parts of the body of an animal,
made up of hard fibres, tied one to an-
other by fraall tranfverfe fibres, as thofe
of the mufcles. In a foetus they are
porous, foft, and eafily difcerned. As
their pores fill with a fubftance of their
own nature, fo they increafe, harden,
and grow clofe to one another. They
are all fpongy, and full of little ceils ;
or are of a confiderable firm thicknefs,
with a large cavity, except the teeth ;
and where they are articulated, they
are covered with a tiiin and tlrong mem>
brane, called the periofteum. Each bone
is much bigger at its extremity than in
the middle, that the articulations might
be firm, and the bones not eafily put out
of joint. But, becaufe the middle of
the bone fliould be tlrong, to fuilain its
allotted weight, and refill accidents, the
fibres are there more clofely compafted
together, fupporting one another ; and
the bone is made hollow, and conlc-
quently not fo eafily broken, as it mull
have been had it been folid and fmaller.

Thy bona are marrowlcfs, thy blood is cold.

Macbeth.

There was lately a yoon; gentleman bit to the

h^ne. Taller.

4, A fragment of meat ; a bone with as
much flefli as adheres to it.

Like JV.h^'i hnunds contending for the hor.e.
Each pleaded right, and would be lord alone,

Dryden,

3, To be upon the bones. To attack.

I'ufs had a month's mind ts be ufon tie benei of
him, but was aot willing to pick a ijuarrcl.

L'ijfraifge,

4- to

BON

4. To make no hones. To make no fcruple ;
a metaphor taken from a dog, who rea-
dily (wallows meat that has no bones.

5. B&'ies. A.{on of bokbim, midsoi UOt-
ter bones, for weaving bonelace.

6. Bones. Dice.

Buc then my ftudy was to cog the dice.
And dext'roufly to tiirow the luck-y fuc ;
To fhun anlci ace, that Tuept my ftjkcs away j
And watch the box, tor tear they fli^-'uld convey
Falle isn«, and put uiu>n me in the play. Drf^rn.

To Bone. f. a. [frotn the noun.] To take
' out the bones from the flelh ; as, the
cooks ioned the veal.

Bo'nelace. ti.f. [itom bone zni lace; the
bobbins with which lace is woven being
frequently made of bones.] Flaxen lace,
fuch as women wear on their linen.

The things ^ou follow, and make fongs on
now, fhould be fent to knit, or fit down to bobbini
or b-^nilace. Taller.

We deftroy the fynimcir; of the human figure,
and foolilhly contrive to call off the eye from great
and real beauties, to childiih gewgaw ribbantis and
bontlacu Spe^atar.

Bo'neless. <2^°. [from ^«w.j .Waiting
bones.

I would, while it was fmiling in my face,
Have pluckt my nipple from hii htmeltft ^ums,
And daflit the brains out. iihah ■^peare\

To Bo'neset. -v. n. [from ^o»ir and y>/.]
To rellore a bone out of joint to its
place; or join a bone broken to"t'h«
other part.

A fractured leg fet in the country by on* pre.
tending to tcnijitthg^ fp^ifimait's Sarg.—v.

Bo'nesetter.h./; [from boneja.] Achi-

rurgeon ; one who particularly profefTes

the art of reftoring brokep or luxated

bones. ' ^

At prefentmjrdcfire is to have a ^ood imefetrrr,

Bo'n fire. ft./, [from ion, good, Fr. and
_/5'rf.] A fire made for forae publick
cauie of triumph or exultation.

Ring ye the bells to make it wear awjy,

And h-.rjirti make all day. Sfcnjcr,

How came fo many k-^r.f.ns to be made in queen

Mary'5 days ? Wl.y, flic had abufe^ and deceived

her penple. •- ' 'ttuthi

Full foon by iiw-_^r<, and by liell,
We learnt our liege was paffins'v.cll. Caii

Bo'kgrace. n.f. [Sonne £raie,Fr.] A
forehead- cloth, or covenng for the fore-
head. Not now ufcd. Skinner,
I have feen her bcfet all over with emeralds
and pearls, ranged in rows about her cawl, her
peruke, her kongract, and chaplet.

JiMiiViilfcn PrcvUenri,
Bo'nnet. n.f. [bonet,Fr.'] A covering
for the head ; a hat ; a cap.

Go to them with this hnfiet in thy Iiand, ■
And thus far having ftrctch'd it, here be with them,
Thy knee bufliiig til-.- (tones; for, in fuch bufirxfs,
A^iun U eloquence. abahfpearii Coriolanu:,

They had not probably the ceremony of vailing
the bonmi in their falutacions ; for, in medals,
they (till have it on their hcais. jiid'iLn.

Bo'nnet. [In fortification.] A kind of
little ravelin, witho'Jt any ditch, having
a parapet three feet high, anciently
placed before the points cf the (aliani;
angles of the glacis.

Bo'nnet a priijlre, or pricft's cap, ij an
outwork, having at the head thxee faliaat
angles, and two inwards,

Bo'nnet*. [In the fea language.] Sm.tll
fails fei on the coiurfcs oa the mizzcn.

B 0;0

itialnfail, and forefail of a (hip, when
thefe are too narrow or (hallow to clothe
the malt, or in order to make more way
in calm weather. Chambers.

Eo'nnilv. adj. [from ^a;;?yi.] Gayly ;
handfomely ; plumply.

Bo'nniness. n.f. \\^ova. bonny. "[ Gayety ;
handfomenefs ; plumpnefs.

BO'NNy. adj. [from bon, bonne, Fr. It
is a word now almo(t confined to the
Scotti(h dialefl.]-

i . Hand(bme ; beautiful.

Match to match I have encounter'd him.
And made a prey for .carrion kites and crows
Ev'n 01 the l:vny beafl lie lov'd fo well. Shakeffi.

Thus wiil'd the louts inmelancholy ftrain.
Till iomy Sufan fped acrofs the plain. ■ Gay.

2. Gay ; merry ; frolickfome ; cheerful ;
blithe.

Tlicn figh not fo, but let them go,
Ar.d be you blithe and 6onny. Shakefftare.

3. It fecms to be generally ufed in conver-
fation (oY plumb.

Bonny-clabber. »./ , A word ufed in
Ireland for four buttermilk.

We fcorn, for want of talk, to jabber
Or pj:tics o'er oM\ bcnny-cUbbir;
Nor are we ituoious to enqui'r.
Who votes for roanars, who foi hire. Siv'ift.

BO'NUM MAGNUM, n.f. A fpecies of

plum.,
Bo'Ny. adj. [from (5ew.]

1 . Confiiling of bor.es.

At the end of tnis h>le ii a membrane, faftened
to a round hony limb, and ftretched like the I'ead
cf a drum; and tberefoie, by anatomifts, called
tymfavum. Ruy.

2. Full of bones.
Bo'oBY. n.f. [a word of no certain ety-

jiiology. Henjhaiu thinks it a corruption
of bull-beef, ridiculoufly ; Skinner ima-
gines it to be derived from hobo, fooli(h,
Spanilh. Junius finds boivbard to be an
old Scottifh word for a coiuard, a con-
temptible felloiv ; from which he natu-
rally deduces booby : but the original of
iovjbardli not known.] A dull, heavy,
Ilupid fellow ; a lubber.
•i...BBt one exception to this faft we find ;
That to-jby i'haon only was unkind.
An ill-bred boatman, rough as waves and wind.
^ . Prior.

■V oung mafter next muft rife to fill him wine.
And (larve himfclf to fee the baby dine. f^'tg.

book;, n.f [boc. Sax. fuppofed from boc,
a beech, becaufe they wrote on beechen
boards ; as liber, in Latin, from the
rind of a tree.]

I. A volume in which we read or write.

See a lank of prayer in his hand ;
True omamcnn to know a holy man. Sbakefpiarc,

Receive the ftntence of the law for fins.
Such as by God's hi^k are adjudg'd to death. Shak.

In the coffin that had the bucks, they were found
as frefh as if they had been but newly written ;
being written on parchment, and covered over
with watch candles of wax. Bacon.

Ilioki are a fort of dumb teachers; they cannot
anfwet fuddcn quefiions, or explain prefent doubts :
this is properly the work of a living inlttuQor.

lyadi.

t. A particular part of a work.

The firft book we divide into feiSions ; whereof
the firft is th"fc chapters paft. I'lirnel's Theory.

}. The regifter in which a trader keeps an
account of his debts.

This life
Is aoblcr thaa attending r«r a bauble i

3 O O

Frouier, tfim rttrtling In unpaid-for /ilk ;
Such giin the cap of him that makes thcmJ5ne»
Yet keeps his book uncrofs'd. Shakeffeare.

4. In books. In kind remembrance.

1 was fo much in hii books, that, at his deceafe»
he left me the lamp by which he ufed to write his
lucubrations. Mdifoti.

5, U'ithoM book. By memory; by repeti-
tion ; without reading.

Sermons read they abhor in the church ; but
fermons ivUbout book, fcrmons which fpend their
life in their birth, and may have public audience
but once. Hooker.

To Book. 1;. a. [from the noun.] To re-
girter in a book.

I befcech your grace, let it be booked with the
reft of this day's deeds ; or I will have it in a par-
ticular ballad clfe, with mine own picture on the
top of it. _ Sbaktjpiare.

He made wilful murder high treafon ; he caufed
the marchers to book their men, for whom they
fliould make anlwcr. Davits on Ireland..

Book-keeping, n.f. [from book and
keef.l The art of keeping accounts, or
recording pecuniary tranfaftions, in fuch
a manner, that at any time a man may
thereby know the true ftate of the whole,
or any part of his affairs, with clearnefs
and expedition. Harris.

Bo'oKBiNDER. n.f. [from book and bind. ]
A man whofe prpfeffion it is to cover
books.

Bo'oKFlTL.a^". [{lombook sxiAfulLI Full
of notions gleaned from book* ; crowded
with Undigefted knowledge.

The boo'ful blockhead, ignorantiy read.
With loads of learned lumber in his head.
With his own tongue ftill edifies his ears.
And always lift"ning to himfelf appears. Pope,

Bo'oKisH. adj. [from book.'\ Given to
books ; acquainted only with books. It
is generally ufed contemptuoufly.

I'll make him yield the crown,
Whofe boiUjh rule hath puU'd fair England down.

^hakcjpearc.

I'm not bookijh, yet I can read waittog-gentle-

woman in the 'Icape. Shake/peare's H^inter'i Talc.

Xantippe follows her namcfake ; being married

to a booHjh man, who has no knowledge of th?

world. SfcRalar.

Bo'oKiSHNESs. »./. [bom. bookijh.^ Much
application to books ; over-ftudioufnefs.

Bookle'akned. adj. [from book and
learned.] Verfcd in books, or literature ;
a term implying (bme (light contempt.

Whate'cr thefe book/earn d blockheads fay,
Solon 's the verieft fool in all the play. Drydev.

He vwll quote pafiages out of Plato .ind Piiidar,
at his oWn table, to fome kookiearned companion,
without blulhing. Siviri.

Bookle'arning. n.f. [from book and
learning.] Skill in liter.lture ; acquaint-
ance with booki : a term of fome con-
tempt.

They miglit talk of boiklearninir what they
would, but he never faw more unfeaty fellows than
great clerks. ^ Sidih/.

Neither does it fo much require heoklearning aiid
fchoiarfliip, as good natural fenfe, to diftinguiih
true and falfc, and to difcern what is well proved,
and what is not. Burners Theory.

Bo'okman. n.f. [from hook and«;an.] A
man whofe profclfion is the ftudy of
books.

This civil war of wits were much better us'd
On Navarre and his bookmen ; for here 'lis abus'd.

Shakcjfiare,

Bo'oKMATE. n.f. [from ^w< and w«w.]
Schoolfellow.

Thit

BOO

Thii Armada it a Spaniard that keeps Kkre in
court,
A phanurm, a monarch, and one that makes fport
To the prince and his hooimaut, yShakvpsare*

Bo'oKSELLER. ti. /. [ffom ^00^ and /i//.]
He wbofe profciTion it is to fell books.

He went to the boikjellery and told Itim in anger,
he had fold a book in which then was fali'e di-
vinity, fyalion.

Bo'oKWORM. n./. [ftom lotii a.nd iverm ■]

1. A worm or mite that eats holes in books,
chiefly when damp.

My lion, like a moth or booi'wcryK, feeds upon
nothing but paper, and I Ihall beg of them to diet
him with wholcfome and fubftantial food.

GuarMarii

2. A lludent too clofely given to books ;
a reader without judgment.

Among ihofe venerable galleries and folitary

Iccnes of the univerfity, I wnted but a black

gown, and a falary, to be as mere a boolivcrm as

any ihei-e. Port's Lcntri^

Bo'oLY. n.jr. [An Irifli term.] '<

All the Tartaiianb, and the people about tht
'Cafpian Sea, which are naturally Scythians, live
in hordes; being the very fame that the Irilh
t»liei are, driving their cattle with them, and
feeding only on their milk and white meats.

Spcnfir,

Boom. «./ [from boom, a tree, Dutch.]

i . [In fea language] A long pole uled

to fpread out the clue of the lludding

fail ; and fometlmes the clues of the

mainfail and forefail are boomed out.

3. A pole with bufhcs or bafkets, fet up as
a mark to (hew the failors how to fteer
in the channel, when a country is over-
flown. Sea DiiSionary.

3. A bar of wood laid acrofs a harbour,
to keep off the enemy.

As his heroick worth Itruck envy dumb,
Who took the Dutchman, and who cut the loom,

DryJen*

To Boom. <v. n, [from the noun. A fea
term.]

1 . To rufli with violence ; as a fliip is faid
to come booming, when Ihe makes all the
fail Ihe can. Di^.

2. To fwell and fall together.

Burning o'er his head
The billows doa'd; he '5 number'd with the dead.

young,
Forfook by (hee, in vain I fought thy aid.
When boow'wg billows clos'd above my head. Pobe,

Boon. n.f. [from bene. Sax. a petition.]
A gift ; a grant ; a benefadlion ; a pre-
fent.

Vouchfafc me for my meed but one fair look :
A fmaller hatin than this I cannot beg.
And lefs than this, I'm fure, you cannot give.

Shakcfpaire*

That courtier, who obtained a i»B of tlie cm-

^ror, that he might every morning whifper him

in the ear, and fay nothing, afked no unprofitable

fuit for himfelf. Bacon^

The bluft'ring fool has fatisfy'd his will ;
His boati is giv'n; his knight has gain'd tlie day.
But loft the prize. Dry.Un'i tabUt,

What rhetorick didft thou ufe
To gain this mighty baonr ftie pities me !

yiddifm'i Cam.
Boon. a^lj. [ben, Fr.] Gay; merr)' : as,
a boon companion.

Satiate at length,
And heighten'd as with wine, jocund and boctt.
Thus to hcrfelf (he pleafingly began. Par. L.ft.
I know the infirmity of our family; we play the
i«» crimpaniun, and throw our money awav in
o<" cups- Arbutbnct.

B O 'O

BOOR. «./ [beer, Dutch ; jebujie. Sax.]
A ploughman ; a country fellow ; a
lout ; a clown.

'Ihe bare fenfe of a calamity is called grum-
bling ; and if a man does but make a face upon tiie
boor, he is prefcntly a maletontent. L'EJIrangij.
He may live as well as a>b»r of Holland, whole
cares of growing ftill richer wafte his life. Ttinfle.
To one vvell-born, th' aftront is worfe and m.irc.
When he's abus'd and baffled by a bocr, Prydt'n.
Bo'oRisH. ec/J. [from boor.] ClowniJh ;
rullick ; untaught ; uncivilized.

I'herefore, you ^lown, a'oandon, which is, ip
the vulgar, leave the fociety, which, in tlie bocrijh,
is, company of this female. Shakrfp. jlsycu like it.
Bo'ORisHLY. atiu. [irom boor ijh.] In a
booriO) manner ; after a clowniib man-
ner.
Bo'orishkess.w./ [irom boorijh.] Clown-
ilhnefs ; rullicity ; coarfenefs of man-
ners.
BoosE. n.f. [bofij. Sax.] A ftall for a

cow or an ox.
T» BOOT. 'V. a. [baten, to profit, Dutch :
bot, in Saxon, is recompence, repent-
ance, or fine paid by way of expiation ;
boian is, to repent, or to compenl'ate ;
as,

H* ij* pir-ji brc and bote,
Anb bet bivopen borne.]

1. To profit ; to advantage : it is com-
monly ufcd in thefe modes, it boots, or
nfihat boots it.

It (hall not boot them, who derogate from read-
ing, to excufc it, when they fee no other remedy ;
as if their intent were only to deny that aliens and
ftrangcrs from the family of God are won, or
that belief doth ufe to be.wrougbt at the firft in
them, without fermons. Hooker,

For what I have, 1 need not to repeat;
And what 1 want, it boott not to complain. Sbat,

If we ftiun
The purpos'd end, or here lie fixed all.
What tor.!: it us thcfe wari to have begun ? Fair/,

What boois the regal circle on his head,
That long behind he trails his pompous r«bc ? Po^,

2. To enrich ; to benefit.

And I will boot thee with what gift bcflde,
That modelly can beg. Stai, A«t, and CUofatra,

Boot, n,/, [from the verb.]

1. Profit; gain; advantage; fomething
given to mend the exchange.

My gravity.
Wherein, let no man hear me, 1 take pride, ^

Could I, with boot, change for an idle plume.
Which the air beats for vain. Sbahjpcare.

2. To boot. With advantage ; over and
above ; befides.

Canft thou, O partial deep, give thy rtpofe
To the wet feaboy, in an hour f^ rude; ■»
And, in the calmeft and the ftillcit night,
With all applLmces and mcanj to boor,
Deny it to a king ? Shahefprare.

Man is Cod's image; but apoor man is
Chrift'sllampfoiso/; both images regard. Hcrbirt.

He might have his mind and manners formed,
and be inftrutfled to boot in fevei al fclericei

L.M:kf,

3. It feems, in the following lines, ufed
for booty, or plunder.

Others, like loldiers, armed in their (lings,
Makci^ocr Lpon the fummer's velvet buds. Sbak^

BOOT. «./. [bottat, Armorick ; betes, a

flioc, Wdfli ; botte, French.]
I. A covering for the leg, ufed by horfe-

men.

That my leg is too long^
—No; that it is too little. —
I'll wear a boot, to make it fomewhat rounder.

Stakc/fearr.

BOO

Shcw'd him his room, where he mull lodge that
night,
Pull'd o(f his boots, and took away the light. Milt.

Bilhop Wilkin fays, he does not (juedion but
it will be as ufual fur a man to call for his wings,
when he is going a journey, at it is now to call
for his boon, Addijon'i CiMtrdUti,

2, A kind of rack for the leg, formerly ufed

in Scotland for torturing criminals.
Boot o/a Coach, The fpace between the

coachman and the coach.
To Boot. <k. a. [from the noon.] To put
on boots.

Boot, ho:t, mailer Shallow; I know the young
king is fick for me : let us take any man's tiorlcs.

Shakejpcare.

Boot-hose. »._/". [from boot and ioje.'^
Stockings to ferve for boots ; fpatter-

dalhes.

His lacquey with a linen (lock on one leg, and
a boot-boje on the other, gartered with a red and
blue lift. Stakcfftjre.

Boot-tree. »./. [from boot and trte.'l
Two pieces of wood, Ihaped like a leg,
to be driven into boots, for ftretching
and widening them.
Bo'ot-catcher. «. / [from boot and
catch,] The perfon whofe bufincfs at an
inn is to puil off the boots of paffengers.
The oilier and the booicatcber ought to partake.

Siuift,

'Zo'ort.D, atij, [from ^M/.] In boots ; in
a horfeman's habit.

A i'jjrcrf judge (hall fit to try his caufe.
Not by the (latate, but by martial laws. Dryd/n.

Booth, n./. [^W, Dutch; ^wC/fr, Welfli.]
A houfe built of boards, or boughs, to
be ufed for a fliort time.

The clothierb found m;ans to have all the quell
made of the northern men, fuch as had their h'ji:hs
in the fair. CamMr:,

Much mifcliief will be done at Bartholomew
fair by th« fall of a hc:>th, Siviji.

Bo'otless. at/J, [from boof.]

1. Ufelefs ; unprofitable ; unavailing ;
without advantage.

When thofe accurled mefTengers of hell
Canac to their wicked man, and 'gan to tcU
Their bootle/s pains, and ill fucceeding night.

Sfenfer.
. God did not fuffer him, being defirous of the
light ofwifdom, with baa/efi expencc of travel, to
wander in darknefs. Hooker.

Boot/eft fpeed,
When cowardice purfues, and valour flies. Stak,

Let him alone ;
I'll follow him no more with boot/rft pray'rs :
He feeks my life. Shakijftiirt

2. Without fuccefs.

Doth not Brutus boitUfi kneel ? Shakefteafe.
Thrice from the banks of Wye,
And fandy bott<tm'd Severn, have I fent
Him booiltfs home, and weathcr-heatc.-i back.

Shakeffeare.
Bo'oty. n,/, [buyt, Dutch; btitin, Fr.]

1. Plunder; pillage; fpoils gained from
the enemy.

One way a band feleft from forage drives j
A herd of beeves, fair oxen, and fair kine,
Their booty. Mi!„„,

His confciencc is the hue and cry that purfues
him ; and .when he reckoa:> that he has gotten a
bt.o!y, he has only caught a Tartar. VF.Jhangi,

For, Ihould you to extortion be inclin'd.
Your cruel guilt will little booty find. DryJrn,

2. Things gotten by robbery.

If 1 had a mmd to be honcft, I fee fortune would
not fuflcr me; (he drops hottics in my mouth.

Shakclfcirc.

3. Ta

B O R

m To flay heoty. To play di(honeftljr, with
»n intent to lofe. The French ufe, Je
Juis bmi, when they mean to fay, Iwll
not go.

We underftand what vre ought to do ; but whtn
we dclibtratc, we flay booty againU ourCelves : our
confciences direft ut le way, our corruptions
hurry us another. L'Eftrarge.

I have fet this argument in the belt light, that
the ladies may not think that I ivrite booty. Dryd.

Bope'ep. »./. [from ^0 and /«•/».] The
aft of looking out, and drawing back as
if frighted, or with the purpofe to fright
ibme other.

Then they for fudJen jOy did weep.

And I lor forrow fung.
That luch a king (hould play htptif.

And go the fouls among. Hhahflttrt.

Rivers,
That ferve inftead of peaceful barriers,
To part th' engagements of their warriours.
Where both from fide to fide may ficip.
And only encounter at bofup. Hud'tbrat.

There the devil plays at bifnf, puts out his
horns to do mjfchief, then ihrinks them back
for fafety. Drydn. i

BORA'CHIO. n.f. [ierracho. Span.] A
drunkard.

How you ftink of wine ! D' ye think my niece
will ever endure fuch a boracbio ! you "re an abfo-
lute boracbio. Congrnii.

Bo'rable. a<^'. [from tore.] That may
be bored.

Bo'race. n. /. [from borago, Lat.] A
plant. Mtlltr.

BORJMEZ. n. /. The Scythian lamb,
generally known by the name of Jgnus
Scytbicus,

Much wonder ii made of the boramex, that
ftrange plant-animal, or vegetable lamb of Tar-
tary, wtiich w.-lves delight to feed on j which hath
the ihape of a lamb, afttirdeth a bloody juice upon
breaking, and liveth while the plants be confumcd
about it. Brsws'i ynlgar Errcurt.

BO' RAX. n.f. [bcrax, low Latin.] An
artificial fait, prepared from ial amnra-
niac, nitre, calcined tartar, fea fait, and
alum,diflblved in wine. It is principally
ufed w folder metals, and fonietimes an
uterine ingredient in medicine, ^ixcy.
'it./, \_hordeel, Teut. bordel.

Bo'rdel. li .

Borde'llo. J Armorjck.] A brothel ;
a bav/dy-houfe.

From the bordilk it might come as well.
The fpiul, or piithatch. Ben -Jonjtn.

Making even his own houfe a ftew, a bordd,
and a fchool of Icwdnefs, to irfKi vice into the
unwarv ears of his poor chiHrcn. South.

BO'RDER. n.f. {bord. Germ, bord, Fr.]
J. The outer part or edge of any thing.

They have looking-gUlfts bordered with broad
bwdtrt ol cryftal, and great counterfeit precious
ftonet. Boctn.

The light mull ftrike on the middle, and ex-
tend its grtatell clearnefs on the principal figures ;
dimiiriftiing by degrees, as it comes neait-r and
nearer to the b<,rdirt. Drjdtn.

2. The march or edge of a country ; the
confine.

It a prince keep hit rcfiJelic* on the lardrrof his
Jominioni, tlie remote part* will rebel j bu: if he
make the centre his feat, be Ihall eafily keep them
in obedience. Sftnjrr.

}, The outer part of a garment, gene-
rally adorned with needlework, or oi-
naments.

4. A bank raifed round a garden, and fct
with flowers j a narrow rank of herbs or
ilowerj.
Vot. I.

B O R

T!i«re he arriving, round about doth flf
From bed to bed, from one to other bordrr ;

And takes furvey, with curious fanfy eye,
Of every flower and herb there fet in order. Sfifijir.

All with a bordtr of rich fruit-trees crown'd,
Whofe loaded branches hide the lofty mound :
Such various ways the fpacious alleys lead.
My doubtful mufe knows not what path to tread.

IValUr.

To Bo'rder. -v. ». [from the noun.]

1. To confine upon; to touch fomething
elfe at the fide or edge : with upon.

It borderelh upon the province of Croatia, which,
in time paft, had continual wars with the Turks
garrifons. Kmlles.

Virtue and honour had their temples bordering on
each other, and are fometimet both on the Cime
coin. jidd'^on.

2. To approach nearly to.

All wit, which border: upon profanenefs, and
makes bold with thofe things to which tlie greatcft
reverence is due, deferves to be branded with folly.

Ti/lotfon.

To Bo'r dek.. "v. a.

1. To adorn with a border of ornaments.

2. To reach ; to touch ; to confine upon ;
to be contiguous to.

Sheba and Kaamah are thofe parts of Arabia,
which border the fea called the Perfiaii gulf.

Rtileigh.

Bo'rdrrer. n.f. [from berder.] He that
dwells on the borders, extreme parts,
or confines ; he that dwells next to any
place.

They of thofe marches, gracious fovereign !
Shall be a wall fufficient to defend
Our inland from the pilfering borderers^ SttJkefp.
An ordinary horfe will carry two facks of land j
and, of fuch, the bordereri on the fea do bellow
fixty at lead in every acre} but moft hnlbands
double that number. Carrw.

The eafieft to be drawn
To our fociety, and to aid the war :
The rather for their feat, being next borJ'rirl
On Italy; and that they abound with horfe.

Btn ymfon.

The king of Scots in perfon, with Perkin in

his company, entered with a great army, though

it chiefly conlilied of b'^rdircri, being railed fome-

what fuddcnly. Bacin.

Volga's ftream
Sends oppofite, in Oiaggy armour clad.
Her borMrtrt ^ on mutual flau^htcr bent.
They rend their countries. Philipi.

To Bo'rdrage. v. n. [from border.'\ To
plunder the borders. Not in ufe.

Lmg time in peace his realm ellablilhed.
Yet oft annoy 'd with lundry bordrjgingt
Of neighbour Scots, and foreign fcatttrlings. SperJ.

To BORE. 01. a. [bonian. Sax.]
I. To pierce in a hole.

I'll believe at loon.
This wliole earth may bcior'J; and that the moon
May through clie c?-ntre creep. SbjJc-ff'tari:

Mulberries will be fairer, if you bore the trunk
of the tree through, and thrust, into the places
bcrtd, wedges of fome hot trees. Boon.

Cut Capys, and the graver fort, thought fit
The Greeks fiifpedted prefent to commit
I'o lea.«* or itames ; at leail, to fcarch and hjre
1 iie fides, and what that fpace contains t' explore.

Vintam.

. To hollow.

Take ihc Dlrrelof a long gun, pctfeflly bond,
and fet it upright, and take a bullet exactly fit
for it j and then, if you fuck at the mouth of the
barr'i never fo gently, the bullet \»ill come up (o
forcibly, that it will haiard the ftriklng out your
teeth. Dighy.

. 'i'o make by piercing.

Thefe diminutive caterpillari arc able, by de-
grees, to pierce or bore tbeix way iato a tree, with

B O R

tery ("mall holes ; wMch, after thejf ite foUy ««•
tered, grow together. Roy,

4. To pierce ; to break through.

Confider, reader, what fatigues I've knowBi
What riot* ictn, what buftling crowds I bor'd,
How oft I crofs'd wiiere c«rt« and coachei roar'4.

• Cij.
To Bore. v. ».

1 . To make a hole.

A man may make an inftrument to hire « hole
an inch wide, or half ui inch, cot to btrt a hoje
of a foot. Hfininit •

2. To pufli forward toward* a certain
point.

Thofe milk paps.
That through the window bars bore at men's eye*.
Are not within the leaf of pity writ. Shakefpiare^

Nor fuuthward to the raining regions run j
But boring to the weft, and hov'ring there.
With gaping mouths they draw prolifick air. Orydt
To Bore, v, ». [with farriers.] Is when a
horfe carries his nofe near the ground.

Bore. n.f. [from the verb.]
t. The hole made by boring.

Into hollow engines long and round,'
Thick ramm'd, at tb' other bort witli touch of fire
Dilated, and infuriate. Milton,

2. The inftrument with which a hole i*
bored.

So fliall that hole befit for &e file, or fquare bore.

Mo/eon,

3 . The fize of any hole ; the (javity ; tho
hollow.

We took a cylindrical pipe of glafs, whofe iort
was about a c^uarter of an inch in diameter. Boylu

Our careful monarch Hands in perfon by.
This new-caft cannon's firmneft to explore ;

The ftrength of big-torn'd powder loves to try.
And U ill and cartridge forts for every bore. Dryi.

It will beft appear in the bores of wind inllru*

raents ; therefore caul'e pipes to be made with %.

fingle, double, and fo on, to a fextuplc bore ; an4

mark what tone every one givctb. BsiVU

Bore. The preltrite of bear.

The father bore it with undaunted foul^
Like one who duril his deiliny controul \
Yet with becoming grief he bore his part,
Refign'd his fon, but not rcfign'd his heart, Drjii,

'Twas my fate
To kill my father, and pollute his bed
By marrying her who bort me. Drydtn,

Bo'real. adj. [bcrealis, La.t.J Northern;
feptentrional.

Crete's ample fields diminifh to our eye ;
Before the boreal blafts the vcffcls fly. Ptft,

nO'REJS. n.f. [Lat.] The north wind.

S^reusy and Ca!cas, and Argeftas loud.
And Thrafcias, rend the woods, and fc.is upturn.

Af./lMk.

Bo'ree. «./ A kind of dance.

Uick could neatly dance a jig, "
Bi4t Tom was beft at bcnet. Swift,

Bo'rer. n.f, [from bore.] A piercer;
an inllrument to make holes with.

The maftct-bricklayer mud try all the founds-
tioi\s with a borer, fuch as well-diggers ufe to try
the ground. Mc>:iiH

Born*. The participle paffive of bear.

Their cliargowas always horn by the queen, and
duly paid out of the exchequer. Bacon.

The great men were enabled to opprcfs their
inferiouis ; -and their followers were horn out and
countenanced in wicked anions. Dmia.

Upon fame occafions, Clodius may be l>oId and
infolcnt, born away by his pajlion. Swijr,

To be Born. -v. ». paj'. [derived from,
the word To bear, in the fenfe of bringing
forth : as, zny mother bort me twenty

B O R

years ago 5 or, I was iorit twenty years

ago-]
I. To come into life.

■When »c arc hrv, we cry, that we arc come
To this grf ;it ftage of fools. Shatrffearr.

The new hm babe by nurfei overlaid. Urydai,

Nor nature's law with fruitlcfs forrow mourn,
• Sot die, O mortal man ! for thou waft barn. Prkr.

All tliat are tern into the world are furrounded
with ioJiti, that perpetually and divetlly affcit
thom. Ls. *!•.

3. It is ufually fpoken with regard to cir-
cumftances : as, he was iom a prince ;
he was 6orn to empire : he was ioni for
greatnefs : that is, formed at the birth.

The Ilranger, that dwellech with you, fliall be
unto you as me item among you, and thou Oialt
io\'e him as thyfcir. Leviticus, xix. %i..

Yet man is htrm unto trouble, as the fparlcs fl)
upward. y°t>.

A friend lovech at all times, and a brother is
Itrn for aHcrfiry. Provirbi.

Either of you knights may we!! defcrve
A princefs horn ; and fuch is Ihe you fei ve. Drjd.

Two tifing creils his royal head adorn;
JBorn from a god, himfelf to godhead born* Dryiitn^

Both muft alike from heaven derive their light;
Thefc bcin to judge, as well as thul'c to write. Fife,

For all mankind alike ret^uire their grace;
All kern to want; a miferable race ! Popi.

1 was barn to a good cftatc, although it now
tutneth to little account. Swift.

Their lands are let to lords, who, never deGgned
to be tenants, naturally murmur at the payment of
leuts, as a fubfervicncy they were not birn to.

Swift.

3. It has ufually the particle e/ before the
mother.

Be bloody, bold, and refolute ; laugh to fcorn
The pow'r of man ; for none c/" woman bom
Shall harm Macbeth. Shaluffeare.

] being born of ray father's firft wife,, and Ihe
9f his third, Ihe converfcs with me rather like a
daughter than a fifter. Tatkr.

Bo'rough. n.f. [bophoc, Saxon.]

1. It fignified anciently a furety, or a
man bound for others.

A borough, as I here ufe it, and as the old laws
ftill ufe, is nnt iborougb town, that is, a franchifed
town ; but a main pledge of an hundred free pcr-
fons, therefore called a free borough, or, as you fay,
yraneplcgium. For hortb,'^n old Saxon, fignificth a
pledge or furety : and yet it is fo ufcd with us in
ibme fpeechcs, as Chancer faith, St. 'John to Boroh ;
that is, for alTurancc and warranty. Sfenfer,

S. A town with a corporation.

And if a borough chufe him not undone. Pofe.

Bo'rough Englifh, is a cuftomary defcent
of lands or tenements, whereby, in all
plac«s where this cuftom holds, lands
and tenements defcend to the youngell
fon ; or, if the owner have no iflue, to
his youngeft brother. Ctnvull.

Bo'rrel. ». / [it is explained by Juniui
without etymology.] A mean fellow.

Siker thou fpeak'ft like a lewd forrcl,

Of heaven to dcemen fo :
Howbe I am but rude and borrel.

Yet nearer ways I know. Sfenfr.

■re BO'RROW. -J. a. [iorgen, Dutch;

bopjian. Sax.]
J, To take fomething from another upon
credit : oppofed to lend.

He bomteed a box of the ear of the Englilhman,
and fwore he would pay him again when he was
able. Shakefftart.

We have hormiitd money for' the king's tribute,
and that upon our lands and vineyards, Nehemiah.

2. To afk of another the ufe of fomethiug
for a time.

BOS

Then he faid, go, borrctu thee ttffels »br«i<i
of all thy neighbours. » Kingi-

'Where darknefs and furptiie made concjucrt
cheap !
'Where virtue iornviej the arms of chance.
And ftnick a random blow ! _ Dryder.

3. To take fomething belonging to ano-
ther.

A borrciu'd title haft tliou boujiit too dear ;
Why didft thou tell me that thou wert a king ?

Shakejfeare-

They may borrvw fomething of Inftruflion even
from their part guilt. Decay of Phty.

I was engaged in the tranflation of Virgil, from
whom I have borrotviJ only two months. Drydcn.

Thcle verbal figns they fometimes borrmu from
Others, and fometimes make theoifelvcs ; as one
may obferve among the new names children give
to things. Locke.

Some perfons of bright parts have narrow re-
membrance ; for, having riches of their own, they
are not felicitous to borroia. Itatts,

4. To ufe as one's own, though not be-
longing to one.

Unkind and cruel, to deceive your fon
Inioirsiii'i/fliapcs, and his embrace to (hun. Dryd.

Bo'rrow. n. f. [from the verb.] The
thing borrowed.

Yec of your royal prcfence I'll adventure
The borrow of a week. Shakeffiare.

Bo'r ROWER, n.f. [from iormtv.]

1 . He that borrows ; he that takes money
upon truft : oppofed to lender.

His talk is of nothing but of his poverty, for fear
belike left 1 (hould have proved a young borrciver.

Sidney.
Neither a Icrrower nor a lender be ;
For loan oft lofes both itfelf and friend,
And borrowing dulls the edge of huibandry. Sbek.

Go not my horfe the better,
I muft become a borrower of the night
For a dark hour or twain. Shaieffeare.

But you invert the cov'nants of her truft.
And hardily deal, like an ill borrower.
With that which you receiv'd on other terms.

Milton.

2. He that takes what is another's, and
ufes it as his own.

Some fay, that I am a great borrower!, how-
ever, none of my creditors have challenged me
for it. Pf»-

Bo'scAGE. n.f. [iofcage, Fr.]

1. Wood, or woodlands.

We bent our courfe thither, where we faw the
appearance of land ; and, the next day, we might
plainly difcern that it was a land flat to our fight,
and full of bo/cage, which made it fliew the more
dark. Bacon.

2. The reprefentation of woods.

Cheerful paintings in feaftiiig and banqueting
rooms; graver ftories in galleiics ; landfkips and
bofctge, and fuch wild works, in open terraces, or
funimcr houfes. Wottcn.

Bo'sKY. adj. [bofque, Fr.] Woody.

And with each end of iliy blue bowdoft crown
My bcfiy acies, and my un/hrubb'd down. Sbak.

i know each land, and every alley green.
Dingle, or bufliy dell, of this wild wood.
And every bofly bourn from fide to fide. Milton.

BO'SOM. n.f. [bo)-me, bofom. Sax.]

1. The embrace of the arms holding any
thing to the breaft.

2. The breaft ; the heart.

Our good old friend,
Lay comforts to your lofin ; and bcftow
Your needful counfcls to our bufmcires. Sbolrfp.

3. The folds of the drefs that cover the
breaft.

Put now thy hand into thy bojtm ; and he put his
hand into his tojom: and when he took it out, be-
hold lu< hwd was icptous as fnow. Mxtdus, iv, 6.

BOS

4. Inclofure j compafs { embrace.

Unto laws thus received by a whole churcti,
they which live within the byom of that church,
muft not think it a matter indilfeient, either to
yield, or not to yield, obedience. Hooker.

5. The breaft, as the feat of the paiHonf.

Anger rcfteth in the bofoiis of fools. Ecc/ef,

Fiom jealoufy's tormenting ftrife
For ever be thy bofm freed. Prior.

Unfortunate Taliard ! O, who c.in nime
The pangs of rage, of forrow, and of ihame,
That with mix'd tumult in thy bfom fwell'd.
When firft thou faw'ft thy braveft troops lepell'd !
\ Ajdifiin.

Here ading bofcms wear a vifage gay.
And ftlfled groans frequent the ball anJ play. Toung,

6. The breaft, as the feat of tendernols.

Their foul was poured out into their mother's
hofom. Lamentations.

No further feek his virtues to dlfclofe.
Or draw his frailties from their dread abode ;
There they alike in trembling hope repofc.
The bo/cm of bis father and his God. Grjy,

7. The breaft, as the receptacle of fecrets.

If I covered my tranfgreffion as Adam, by hid-
ing my iniquity in my bofim, y^,/,,

8. Any receptacle clofc or fecret ; as, the
iofomofxhe earth ; the iofom of the deep.

9. The tender affeftions ; kindnefs ; fa-
vour.

Whofe age has charms in it, whofe title more.
To pluck the common bofoms on his fide. Sbak.

To whom tlie great Creator thus reply 'd :
O Son, in whom my foul hath chief delight.
Son of my bofom. Son who art alone
My word, my wifdom, and effeflual might !

Paradije Lofl,

10. Inclination ; defire. Not ufed.

If you can pace your wildom
In that good path that 1 could wilh it go.
You (hall have your bof-.m on this wretch. Sbak.

Bosom, in compofition, implies intimacy ;
confidence; fondnefs.

No more that Thane of Cawdor ih.ill deceive
Out ifom- interefl ; go, pron )unce his death. Sbai.

This Antonio,
Being the bofosn^lcver of my lord,
Muft needs be like my lord. Sbakeffeare.

Thofc domeftick traitors, bcfim-tbiev.-s.
Whom cuftora hath cali'd wives ; the reidieft helps
To betray the heady huibands, rjb the eafy.

Ben yonfon.

He fent for h\% hofom -friends, with whom he moft
confidently confulted, and (hewed the paper to
them ; the contents whereof he could not conceive.

Clarendon.

The fourth privilege of friendlhlp.is that which
is here fpccified in t-e text, a communication of
fecrets. A hojom-fecret, and a bofom-friend, arc
ufually put together. South.

She, who was 3 hofom-friend of her royi\ miftrefs,
he calls an infolent woman, the worft of her fex.

j4ddifott.

To Bo'soM. v. a. [from the noun.]

1. To inclofe in the bofom.

Bofm up my counfel;
You'll find It wholcf>me. JSbakefpcart.

1 do not think my fifter fo to feek,
Or fo unprincipled in virtue's book.
And the fwcet peace that bofjms guodoefs ever.

Milton.

2. To conceal in privacy.

The groves, the fcu'tiins, and the flnw'rs.
That opcB now their choiceft boftm^ fmclls,
Relerv'd for night, and kept for thee in ftore,

Paradfi Lofl.
Tow'crs and battlements it ft.es,
Bofotnd high in tufted trees,
Where perhaps fome beauty lies.
The cynofurc of neighbouring eyes. Mitten.
To happy convents, hofom'd deep in vines,
Where (lumber abbots, purple as theirwincs. Pope.

Boson . n.f. [corrupted from boatftMain-.']

Th«

BOX

The barks upon the billosvs rldCf
_, The tnifttr will not ftay ;

The merry bofm from his fide
His whirtle takes, to check and chide
The ling'ring lad's delay. Dryden.

Boss. K./. [bcffe, Fr.]
1. A ftud; an orn -nent raifed above the
reft of the work ; a fliining prominence.

What fignifies beauty, ftrength, youth, fortune,
embroidered furniture, or gaudy icjii ? VEjlrange.

This ivory, intended for the UJftt of a bridlt,
was laid up for a prince, and a woman of Caria or
Maeoaia dyed it, Vcft.

1. The part fifing in themidftof any thing.

He runnetli upun him, even on his neck, upon
the thick UJjh of his bucklers. Jii, xv. s6.

J. A thick body of any kind.

A hcji made of wood, with an iron hook, to hang
on the laths, or on a ladder, in which the liboun r
puts the mortar at the britches of the tiles, hhxcn.

If a clofc appulfe be made by. the lips, then i>
framed M j if by the bofi of the tongue to the
palate, near the throat, then K. Holder,

Bo'ssAGE. «./. [in architefture.]
I. Any ftone that has a projefture, and is
laid in a place in a building to be after-
wards carved.
I. Ruftic wbrk, which confifts of ftones,
which feem to advance beyond the
naked of a building, by rcafon of in-
dentures or channels left in the join-
ings : thefe are chiefly in the corners of
edifices^ and called ruftick quoins.

Builder's Dia.
Bo'svEL. n.f. A fpeciej of crinufoot .
Bota'mcal.7 adj. [from ^nrin, an
Bota'nick. 3 herb.] Relating to herbs;
fltilled in herbs.

Some botar.kal criticks tell us, the poets have
not rightly followed the traditions of antiquity,
in metamorphofing the fillers of Phaeton into
poplars. Aldifcn.

Bo'tanist. 71. f. [from botany."] One
ikilled in plants ; one who (ludies the
various fpecies of plants.

The uliginous ladlenus matter, taken notice of
by that diligent hitanifi, was only a colledlion ot
corals. IVowixuard.

Then fpring the living herbs, beyond the power
Of icIMift to number up their tribes. Thomfoti.
BoTANO'l.OOY. n. f. [^orafoXoyia.] A
difcourfe upon plants. Diil.

BO'TANY. n.f. [from Borin, an herb.]
The fcience of plants; that part of na-
tural hillory which relates to vegeta-
bles.
BOTA'RGO. n. f. \botarga. Span.] A
relifhing fort of food, made of the rocs
of the mullet fiih ; much ufed on the
coafts of the Mediterranean, as an in-
centive to drink. Chambers.
BOTCH. «. f. [boxza, pronoanced botza,
Ital.]

1 . A fwelling or eruptive difcoloration of
the ikin.

Time, which rots all, and makes hticlci \ox,
And, plodding on, mult make a calf an ox.
Hath made a lawyer. Donne.

JScicbti and bUins oiuft all hit flelh Imbofs,
And all hit people. Milton.

It provet far more incommodious, which, if it
iffvre propelled in boils, botchit^ or ulcers, as in the
fcurvy, would rather conduce to health, llamey.

2. A part in any work ill finifhed, fo as to
appear worfe than the reft.

With him,
To Itive no rubs or hotchei in the work,
Fluaic, hit Ton, mull cmbrice tbc fate. Sheitjp.

B O T

J. An adfcititious, adventitious part,
clumfily added.

If both thofe words are not notorious botches,
I am deceived, though the French tranllator thinks
otherwife. . D:yden-

A comm:j ne'er could claim
A place in any BritJIh name ;
Yet, making here a perfeft botch,
Thrufts your poor vowel from his notch. Swift.

To Botch, v. a. [from the noun.]

1. To mend or patch clothes clumfily.

Their coats, from botching newly brought, are
torn. Dtyden,

2. To mend any thing awkwardly.

To botch up what th' had torn and rent.
Religion and the government. Hudilras.

3. To put together unfuitably, or unfkil-
fully ; to make up of unfuitable pieces.

Go with me to my houfe.
And hear thou there, how many ftuitlefs pranks
This ruffian hath butcb'd up, that thou thereby
May fmile at this. Shaieffeaie.

Her fpecch is nothing.
Yet the un.liaped ule of it doth move
The hearers to coUcftion ; they aim at it.
And botch the words up fit to their own thoughts.

Shakejftearc.
For trcafon botcb'd in rhime will be thy banej
Rhime is the ruck on which thou art to wreck.

Dryden.

4. To mark with botches.

Young Hylas, boici'd witli ftains too foul to
name.
In cradle here renews his youthful frame. Garth.

Bo'tcher. «. /. [from boicb.'] A men-
der of old clothes ; the fame to a taylor
asit* cobler to a fhoemaker.

He was a botcher's prentice in Paris, from
whence he was whipt for getting the Iheriff 's fool
with child. Sbakejfeare.

Botchers left old cloaths in the lurch,
Afid fell to turn and patch the church. Itudrbras.

Bo'tchy. adj. [fiom boicJ!).] Marked with
botches.

And thofe biles did run— fay fo— 'Did not the
general run ? Were not that a botchy fore ? Shake/.

Bote. n. /. [bote. Sax. a word now out
of ufc.]

1. A compenfation or amends for a man
flain, which is bound to another. Ctnuell.

2. It was ufed for any payment.

Both. adj. [batu, batpa, Sax.] The
two ; as well the one as the other. Ei
run isf Vaiitre, Fr. It is ufed only of
two. Corjctll.

And the next day, hoth tnoming and afternoon,
he was kept by our paiiy. Siancy.

Mrifcs and the prophets, Chrift and hli apoHlcs,
wi-.rc in their times jII preacht-rs of God's truth j
fomc by ward, fomc by writing,', fome by both.

Hxitr.
Which of them IhallT take ?
Both ? on-- ? or neither .' neither can br enjoy'd.
If ia'i remain alive. Shahffeare.

Two lovers cannot IHare a finglc bed ,
As therefore bah arc equal in d.:grec,
The lot of both he left tu dcrtiny. Drjdtn.

A Venus and a Helen have been feen
Both pcrjur'd wives, the g'>ddcfs and the queen.

C?riT-a'i// .

Both . tonj. [from the adjeftive.] h& vvell :
it has the conjun&ion and to correfpond
with it.

A ^r-at multitude both of the Jews and alfo of

the Creeks bi;iicved. ARi.

Pow'r to judge AcT^j quick and dead. Milton,

Both the b:>y was worthy fi be prais'd.

And Stimichon has often made me long

1 o hear, like him, fo fweet a fong. Dryden.

Bo'tryoid. etdj. [^oVsiiJus] Having
the forai of a bunch of grapei.

B O f

The outfide is thick fet with botryoii efflore<l
cences, or fmall knobs, yellow, bluilh, and purple;
all of a Ihining metallick hue^ IVoodivttrd,

BoTS. n.f. [nuithout ajingular.l A fpecies
of fmall worms in the entrails ofhorfes ;
anfwering, perhaps, to the a/carides in
human bodies.

Peal'e and beans are as dank here as a dog, and
that is the next way to give poor jades the ^ofi.

Sbakefpecire»
BO'TTLE. n.f. {bouteiUe, Fr.]

1 . A fmall veffel of glafs, or other matter,
with a narrow mouth, to put liquor in.

The fliepherd's homely curds.
His cold thin drink out of his leather bottit,
Is far beyond a prince's delicates. Sbakcjf>eart„

Many have a manner, after other men's fpeech,
to fliake their heads. A great officer would fay,
it was as men Ihake a ioti/e, to fee if there wa»
any wit in their heads, or no. Baconm

Then if thy ale in glafs thou wouldft confine.
Let thy clean bottle be entirely dry. King,

He threw into the enemy's (hips earthen boltlei

filled witii ferpents, which put the crew in diforder,

Arhuthnot 01 Coins»

2. A quantity of wine ufually put into a
bottle ; a quart.

Sir, you Ihall llay, and take t'other bottle.

Spe&ator.

3. A quantity of hay or grafs bundled up.

Methinks I have a great defire to a bottU of
hay ; good hay, fweet hay, hath no fellow, Sbak*

But I iliould wither in one day, and pafs
To a lock of hay, that am a bottle of grafs. Donne*

To Bo'ttle. 1/. a. [from the noun.] Ta
inclofe in bottles.

You may have it a raoll excellent cyder royal,
to drink or to bottle. Mortimer*

When wine is to be bottled off, walh your bottlea
immediately before you begin ; but be furc not t*
drain them. Sivijim

Bo'ttle is often compounded with other
words ; as, bottle-friend, a drinking-
friend; bottle-companion.

Sam, who is a very good boltle-ctimfanion, hat
been the diverfion of his friends, Addijon,

Bo'ttle-plower, n.f. [cyanus, Lat,J

A plant,
Bo'ttlescrevv, n.f, [from bottle and

fcretsj.] A fcrew to pull out the cork,

A good butler always breaks off tiie point of
his bottlcftre^v in two days, by trying which tu
h.irdell, the point of the (crew, or the neck of tl c
bottle, S-wiJl.

BO'TTOM. H.f. [bocm, Saxon j beJem,

Germ.]
I. The lowed part of any thing. ,

z. The ground under the water.

Shallow brooks lliat flow'd (o clear.
The bottom did the top appear. Dryjem*

3. The foundation ; the ground-work.

On ttiis fuppolition my reafonings proceed, .in4
cannot be affefted by- objections which arc far
from being built on the fame bottom. Aiterbuij,

4. A dale ; a valley ; a low ground.

Jn the purlieus Hands a liioep-cote,
Welt of this place; down in the Deighbour^nrrim.

Shakejpearf, •
On both the ffiC/res of that fruitful botun, are.
Hill to be fecn the ioarks of ancient edifices.

Addijon on itely.
Equal convexity could never be feen : the inha-
bitants of fuc^ an earth co<ild have only the prof-
pcct c'f a little circular plain, which would appear
to have an acclivity on all fides ; fo that every
man woufd fancy himlelf the lowrft, and that he
always dwelt and moved In a bott^tn, Battlrf,

5. The part moft remote from the view j
the decpcft part.

His piopoUlt and arguments flinnld with ft« '

dam be citaittijied to the ^tttton, that, M there , *

£c * a s

B O T

My miftake Sa xhtai, no body mtj b* mS/M by
bis reputation. iMki^

%. Bound i limit.

But there '• no littUH, none,
In my Toluptuaufncfs. Sbaktffurt,

7, The uttnod extent or profundity of any
man's capacity, whether deep ox flial-
low.

I will fetch ofTchefejuftices t I do fee the ktttimf
of Juftice Shallow : how fubjed we old mea are
to King* SbakeffKare*

i. The laft refort ; the remotcft caufe ;
&T&. motion.

He wrote many things which are not publiAicd
in hi« name ; and was^^t the hatiam of many tx-
«ellentcounfcU, in which he divl nor appear. Addij'

9. h (hip ; a veflel for navigation.

A bawbling veHel was he captain of,
^itb which I'uch fcacchlul grapple did he make
With the raoft nuble hitlt'jm of our fleet. Shakejf.

My ventures are not in one hmtem tnilted ;
Nor to one place. Siakef/xare,

We have memory not of ore ihip that ever
returned, and but of thirteen perfons only, ac fe- '
vcral times, that chofe to return in our bottimu

Sjccn.
He 's a foolilh fcaman.
That, when his Jhip is finking, will not
Unlade his hopes into another bottom, Denbam*

He puts to fea upon his own bottom ; holds the
ivm himlielf ; and now, if ever, we may expect
new difcovcrics. Narris*

He fprcadj his canvas, with his pole he fleers,
The freights of Hitting ghofls in his thin bottom
bears. Drydert,

le. A chance ; an adventure ; fiate of
hazard.

He began to fay, that himfelf and the prince
were too much to venture in one bottom. Clarendon,

We are embarked with them on the fame bot-
tom, and muft be partakers of their happinefs or
mifery. SpcClator,

1 1 . A ball of thread wound up together.

This whole argument will be like bottoms of
thread, clofe wound up. Bacon.

Silkworms finilh their hottmtt in about fifteen
days. Mortimer,

£ach Chriftmas they accounts did clear.
And wound their bottom round the year. Prior,

12. Bottom efa lane. The loweft end.

13. Bottom of beer. The grounds, or
dregs.

Vo Bo'ttom. V, a. [from the noun.]
1. To build upon ; to fix upon as a fup-
port : with on.

They may have fomething of obfcurity, as be-
ing bottcmid upiti, and fetched from, the true na-
ture of the thingt. Hale.
Pride has a very ftrong foundation in the mind ;
St is bottomed ufon felf-lovc. Collier.
The grounds upon which we bottom our reafun-
Ing, ire but a p.irt ; fomething is left out, which
ibould go into the reckoning. Lcckr.
Action is fuppofed to be bottomed upon principle.

j^tterbury.

%. To wind upon fomething ; to twill
thread round fomething.

Theiefore, as you unwind your love for him,
Left it ihouid ravel, and be good to none,
You muft provide to bottom It on me. Shakefpeare,

90 Bo'ttom. v, it. To reft upon, as its
ultimate fupport.

Find out u[:on what foundation any propofitlon
advanced, bottoms ; and obferve the intermediate
ideas, by wliidi it is joined to chat foundation
upon which it is ereQed. Locke,

Bo'ttom ED. aJj, [from iottom,] Having
a bottom : it is ufually compounded.

There being prepared a number of ^at-bcttomed
Voats, to tranfport the land-forces, Mutcr t^e wing
and fioccAioa o( (iK £tcat savjf. Mihui.

B O U

Bo'ttom LEia. etJJ, [from Soitom,] With-
out a bottom ; fathomlefs.

Wicked ni:l« may well be compared to a botlomlifs
pit, into which it is eaficr to keep one's fclf from
falling, than, being fallen, to give one's felf any
(lay from falling infinitely. Sidney-

Is not my formw deep, hiving no bottom .'
Then be my paflians boiiomlefi with them. Shak,

Him the Almighty Pow'r
Hurl'd headlong flaming from th' ethereal fky
To boittmle/i perdition. Milton,

Bo'ttom Rv. n, f, [In navigation and
commerce.] The adl of borrowing
money on a (hip's bottom ; that is, by
engaging the veflel for the repayment
of it, fo as that, if the ihip mii'carry,
the lender lofes the money advanced ;
but, if it arrives fafe at the end of the
voyage, he is to repay the money lent,
with a certain premium or interelt a-
greed on ; and this on pain of forfeiting
the ihip. Harris,

BO'UCHET. n. f. [French.] A fort of
pear.

Boub. n. f. An infeft which breeds in
malt ; called alfo a ivervil, Diil.

To BoucE.T'. ». \_bouge, Fr.] Tofwellout.

Bough. »./. [boj, Sax. the^;^ is mute.]
An arm or large (hoot of a tree, bigger
than a branch, yet not always dilUn-
guiihed from it.

A vine-labourer, finding a bough broken, took
a branch of the lame bough, and tied it about the
place broken. Sidney.

Their lord and patron loud did him proclaim.
And at his feet their laurel bought did throw.

Fairy Slueen,
From the bough
She gave him of that fair enticing fruit. Mili^n.

As the dove's flight did guide i^neas, now
May thine conduft me to the golden bough, Denh,

Under fome fav'rite myrtle's ihady boughs.
They fpeak their paffions in repeated vows.

Rofcommon,

See how, on every bough, the birds exprefs.
In their fweet notes, their happinefs. Dryden,

'Twas all her joy the ripening fruits t» tend.
And fee the boughs with happy burdens bend. Pope,

Bought, pijter. and fart id fit of To buy ;
which fee.

The chief were thefe who not for empire fought.
But with their blood their country's fafety bought.

Pope,

Bought. »./ [from To ^aw.]

1 . A twift ; a link ; a knot.

His huge long tail wound up iij hundred folds,
Whofe wreathed boughts whenever he unfolds.
And thick entangled knots adowa does Hack.

Fairy li^ueen.
Immortal verfe.
Such as the melting foul may pierce,
In notes, with many a winding bought
Of linked fwe!tnefs, long drawn out. Milton.

2. A flexure.

The flexure of the joints is not the fame in ele-
phants as in other quadrupeds, but nearer unto
thofe of a man ; the bought of the fore-legs not di-
rectly backward, but laterally, and fomewhat in-
ward. Brovin^s l^ulgar Errours.

BOU'ILLON. n. f. [French.] Broth;
foup ; any thing made to be fupped : a
term ufed in cookery.

Bo'uLDER Walls. [In architcfture.] Walls
built of round flints or pebbles, laid in
a flrong mortar ; ufed where the iea
has a beach caft up, or where there are
plenty of flints. Builder's DiSiionary.

Tff BouLT. v. 0. See TV Bolt.

B O U

Tt BOUNCE. V. n. [a word (bnned, fayii
Skinner, from the found.]

1. To fall or fly againlt any thing witk
great force, fo as to rebound.

The fright awakcn'd Arcite with a flarr,
Af ainft his bofom bcunc'd his heaving heart. Dryd,

2. To fpring } to make a (iidden leap, a!
fudden exploiion.

High uanfenfe is like beer in a bottle, which

has, in reality, no ftrength and Ipirit, but fiets,

and flies, and bounces, and imitates tlic pajlions pt'

a much nobler liquor. ^jAdiftn,

They bounce from their nefl, , ^

No longer will tarry. S-wifti

Out bovnc'd tlie maftiff of the triple head ;

Away the hare with double fwiftncfi fled. S'iuift.

3 . To make a fadden noife.

Juft as 1 was putting out my light, another
bouncis a; hard as he can knock. Sivift.

4. To boaft ; to bully ; a fenfe only uled
in familiar fpeech.

5. To be bold, or ftrong.

Forlboth the bouncing Amazon,
Your bufkin'd miflrefs, and your warriour love,
To Thefcus muil be wedded. Shakefpeare.

Bounce, n.f. [from the verb.]

1 . A ftrong fadden blow.

The bounce burft ope the door ; the fcom'iil fair
RelentieH look'd. Drydim

2. A fudden crack or noife.

What cannoneer begot this lufly blood ?
He fpeaks plain canno'n tire, and fmoke, an4
bounce ;
. He gives the balllnado with his tongue. Shakejf,
Two hazel-nuts I threw into the flame,
And to each nut I gave a fwcetheart's name;
This with the loudeft bounce me lore amaz'd.
That in a flame of brightefl colour blaz'd. Gay,

3. A boaft; a threat: in low language.
Bo'uNCER. n.f. [from bounce.] A boafter;

a bully ; an empty threatener : in col-
loquial fpeech.
BOUND, n. /. [from bin^.]

1. A limit; a boundary; that by which
any thing is terminated.

Illimitable ocean ! without bound.
Without dimenfion j where length, breadth, aod

height.
And time, and place, are loft. Milton.

Thofe vaft Scythian regions ivere feparated by
the natural bounds of rivers, lakes, mountains,
woods, or matlhes. Temple, '

Indus and Ganges, our wide empire's bounds.
Swell their dy'd currents with their natives
wounds. Drydea,

Through all th' infernal bounds.
Which flaming Phlegethon furrounds,
Sad Orpheus fought his confort loft. Pope.

2. A limit by which any excuriion is re-
ftrained.

Hath he fet bounds between their love and me ?
I am their mother, who fhali bar me from them i

Shakefpeare,

Stronger and fiercer by reftraint he roars.

And knows no hound, but makes his pow'r hii

fhores. Derham,

Any bounds made with body, even adamantine ,

walls, are far from putting a flop to the mind, in

its progrefs in fpacc. Locke,

3. [from To bound, v. ».] A leap j S"
jump ; a fpring.

Uo but note a wild and wanton herd,
Or race of youthful and unhandled colts.
Fetching mad bounds, bellowing, and neighing
loud. Shakefpeam.

The horfcs fVarted with a fudden bound.
And flung the rc'ws and chariot to the ground.

,1ddifoii,
Dext'ioui he 'fcapcs the coach with nimble
bounds,
WhiUl cv'ry hoaeft tsogue Stop thief rewound:.

:t

B 0 U

A. A rebound ; the leap of fomething fly-
ing back by the force of the blow.

'i hcle inward difgulls are but the firrt iouitd of
this ball of contention. Daay of Piety.

To Bound, v. a. [from the noun.]
J . To limit ; to term-nate.

A lofty tow'r, and iVrong on every fiuE
With treble walls, which Phlegethon furrounds,
Whofe fiery flood the burning empire beunds, Dryd.

2. To reftrain ; to confine.

Tak- b..t degree away.
The bcundtd waters

Would lift their lir.foms higher than the (hores.
And mai^c a fcp of all this folid globe. Shakrjp.

J. Sometiraes with in.

My niither's bhud •
Runs on the d;xter ch«ek, and this finifter
' Biurds in mv fire's. Sbaktjftort.

To BOUND. T. «. [hondir, Fr.]

1. To jump ; to fpring ; to move forward
by leaps.

TorrifmoR^ appear'd.
Gave me his band, and led me lightly o'er,
Leaping and bmnJiit^cn the billow^ heads. Dryd.

Before his lord the ready fpaniel hands ;
SiiiUng with hope, he tries the furrow'd grounds.

Pope.

When fudden through the woods a ioundiKg ftaj

Hulh'd headlong duwn, and plung'd amidlt the

river. Rowe.

Warbling to the rary'd ftrain, advance

Two Iprightly youths, to form the hounding dance.

Popt.

2. To rebound; to fly back by reper-

cuffion.

Mark. th;n a bounding valour in our Englifh,
That beiie dead, like to the bullets grazing.
Breaks out into a fccond courfe of mifchief. Sbak.

7» BotJND. "v. a. To make to bound.

If I might bufl^et for my love, or bound my borfe
for her favours, 1 would lay on like a butcher, and
fit like a jackanapes, never off. Sbaiefpeore.

If love, ambitious, fought a match of birth,
Whofe veins icaix/ richer blood than lady Blanch ?

Sbjke/peart.

Soi;nd. preuritt and participle paj/iijt oi
bind.

Nay, faid Pamela, none /hall take that office
from myfelf, being fo much bound ti 1 am for my
education. Sidney.

This is Antonio,
To whom I am fo infinitely bound—
—You Ihould ill all fenfc be much b-Mnd to him ;
For, as 1 hfar, he was much bound for you. Sbak.

The gentleman is Icarn'd, a moft rare fp'aker.
To nature none more bound, Slakrfpeare.

The biilops of Hungary, being wonderfully
rich, were bound to keep great numbers of horfc-
luen, which they ufed to bring into the field.

Knoltes,

They fummoncd the governor to deliver it to
them, or elfe they would not leave one ftone upon
another* To which the governor made no other
reply, than that he was not hound to repair it ; but,
however, he would, by God's help, keep the
ground afterwards. Clarendon.

Bound, adj. [a word of doubtful etymo-
logy.] Deftined; intending to come
to any place.

His be that care, whom moft it doth concern,
Said he j but whither with fuch hafty flight
Art thou now bounds for well might I difcern
Great cagfe, that carries tbce (o fwift and light.

Fairy iiueen.
To be bound for a port one defires extremely,
and fail to it with a fair gale, ii very picafant.

TimpU.

Willing wc fought your (hores, and hither hcund,

The port fo long defir'd at lenj^h we found. Drjd.

Bo'uvDARY. n./, [from 6»und.] Limit;

- bound.

He btStn the coaS'iCBee and dajnoun of the

SOU

peoplt to pafs all ioundariet of lai»i| «ilil K»creBee '

to his authority. King Charles.

Senfation and refleftion are the boundaries of
our thoughts; beyond which the mi.nd, whatever
ciforts it would make, is not able to advance. Locke,
Great part of our fins confift in the irregula-
rities attending the ordinary purfuits of life ; fo
that our reformation mu'i appear, by pirrlnlng
them within the boundaries of duty. R'.gers.

Bo'u N D E N . participle pajji-ve of bind. Not
now much in ul'e.

Hereafter, in a better world than this,
I ihall defire more love and knowledge of you,—
• — I reil much bounden to you : fare you well.

Sbakefpeare.

We alfo moft humbly bcfought him to accept
cf us as his true fer^■ant3, by as juft a right as ever
men on earth were iounden. Bacon.

To be careful for a provifion of all necelVaries
for ourfelves, and thofe who depend on us, is a
bounden duty. Rogers.

Bo'uNDiNC-STONE. 7 ?». /. A ftone to
Bound-stone. J play with.

I am pall a boy j
A fceptre's but a play-thing, and a globe
A bigger biunding-Jione. Dryden,

Bo'uNDLESS. «^'. [Jtoia bound. 1 Unli-
mited ; unconfined ; immeafurable ; il-
limitable.

Beyond the infinite and boundlefs reach
Of mercy, if thou didft this deed of death,
Art thou damn'd, Hubert. Sbakefpeare.

Hcav'n has of right all victory defign'd ;
Whence boundlefs power dwells in a will confin'd.

Dryden.

Man feemi as bmindlefs in his defires, as Cod
is in his being ; and therefore nothing but God
himfelf can fatisfy him. South.

Though we make duration ioundlefs as it is, we
cannot extend it beyond all being. God fills eter-
nity, and it is hard to find a icafon why any one
Ihould doubt thv he fills immenfity. Locke.

Some guide the courfe of wand'ring orbs on
high.
Or roll the planets through the boundkfs (ky. Pope.

Bo'uNDLESSNEss. n.f. Iftom boundle/j.]
Exemption from limits.

God lias corrc^ed the boundJeffnefs of his volup-
tuous defires, by ftinting his capacities. South.

Bo'uKTEOus. adj. [from bounty.'] Li-
beral ; kind ; generous ; munincent ;
beneficent : a word ufed chiefly in poetry
for bouritijul.

Every one,
According to the gift which hountnus nature
Hath in him clos'd. Sbakefpeare.

Her foul abhorring avarice,
£oan1eimt\ bucalmoft ^0»flffi«i to avice. Dryden^

Bo'uNTEOUSLY. od-v. [from bounteous,']
Liberally ; generoufly ; largely.
He boutticpiijly bcrtow'd unenvy'd good
On roe. Dryden.

Eo'uNTEot/SNESS. »./. [from bounteous.^
Munificence ; liberality ; kindnefs.
He fiUeth all things living with htuteeufnefs.

Pfalms.

Bo'u N T I F u L. adj. [from bounty and/a//.]

1. Liberal; generous; munificent.

As bountiful as mines of India. Shakfpeare.

If you will fce rich, you muft live frugal j if you
will be popular, you muft be bountiful, Taylor.

I am obliged to return my thanlcs to many,
who, without confidcring the man, have been
bountiful to tlie poet. Dryden.

God, the bcuniifut author of our being. Lccke.

2, It has o/ before the thing given, and
to before the perfon receiving.

Our king fparcs nothing, to give them the (hare
of that feUcity, ofs^lucii kt it ig ieunliful t» his
kjX)i»l»«u DrjJtn.

B O U

Bo'uNTiptJtUY. adv, [from ioHntiful.y
Liberally ; in a botintiful manner i ,
largely.

And noTT tliy alms is given,
And thy poor ftarveliiig bounlifully fed. Donne,
It is afiirmej, that it never raineth in Egypt ^
the river bountifully requiting it iu its inundation.

Bro-zun^s P'ulgar Errotirs* ■

Bo'uNTiFULNESs. n. j'. [from bountiful.']
The quality of being bountiful ; gene-
rofity.

Enriched to ail bountifulnefs. 1 Corinthians-.

Bo'uNTiHEAD. T n. f. [from ^oHH/y and

Bo'tiNTlHEDE. > bead, or hood. Se»

Bo'uNTiHOOD. 3 Hood.] Goodnefs j

virtue. It is now wholly out of ufe.

This goodly ffame of temperance.
Formerly grounded, and fift fettled
On firm foundation of true bountihcad. Fairy S^Ur

How Ihall frail pen, with fear difparaged.
Conceive fuch fovereign glory, and great bounti-
hood f Fairy Siueen,

BO'UNTY, n.f. [*ot/?, Fr.]

1 . Generofity ; liberality; rrmnificence.

We do not fo far mai,":ify her exceeding bounty,
as to affirm, that (he bringcth into the world the-
fonsof men, adorned with gorgeous attire. Hooker^

If you knew to whom you fliew this honour,
1 know you would be prouder oi the work.
Than cuftomary bounty can enforce ynu. Stehff»

Such moderation v/ith thy bounty join.
That thou may'ft nothing give that is not thine,

Denbam,

Thofe godlike men, to wanting virtue kind.
Bounty well plac'd preferr'd, and well defign'd.
To all their titles. Dryden,

2. It feems diftinguifhed from charity, a»
a prefent from an alms ; being ufed when
perfons, not abfoluiely neceflitous, re-
ceive gifts ; or when gifts are given by
great perfons.

Tell a mifer of bounty to a friend, or meiay
to the poor, and he will not underftand it. South,
Her mnjefty did not fee this-aitcmbly fo propei^
to excite charity and compafTioii ; though I quef-
tion not but lier royal bounty will extend itfelf to
them. jiddifoni

foBo'uRGEON. "v, ». [bourgeonner, Fr.J
To fprout ; to Ihoot into branches ; to-
put forth buds.

L'ing may the dew of heaven diftil upon them,
to make tliem bourgeon and propagate among them-
f4ves. UiitieU

0 that I had the fruitful heads of Hydra,
That one might i^.:rgeon where another fell !
Still would 1 give thee work. Dryditu

BouRK. ti. f. [borne, Fr.J

1. A bound ; a limit.

Bourn, bound of land, tilth, vineyard, none.

Sbakefpeare,
That undifcovti'd country, from whofe bourn
No traveller returns. Shakefptare,

Falfe,
As dice .ire to be wilh'd by one that fixes
No bourn 'twixt his and mine. Sbakefpeare^

1 know each lane, and every alley green.

And every bolky bmrn from fide to fide. Milton^

2, [From bu)in, Saxon,] A brook; a tor-
rent : whence many towns, feated near
brooks, have names ending in bourn.
It is not now ufed in either fenfe ;..
though the fecond continues in the Scot-
tifh dialect.

Ne fwelling Neptune, ne liud thund'ring Jove^
Can change my cheer, or make me ever mourn ;
My little boat can fafcly pafs this perilous bourn,

Spetfrr,

To BOUSE. -J. n. [btiyfen, Dulsh,] To.
drink lavifbly ; to tope.

BOW

BOW

BOW

Ai he rode, he fomcwbii ftiU i\i tu.
And in hand did bcu t injif^ can,
. Of which he fipt. Fairy-^en.

Bou'sY. at^J. [from l">u/e.] Drnnken.

Wiih a long legend ot' lomancick things,
Which in his cupi the bsui'y poet fings. DryJtn,

The guefts Ujwn the day appointed came,
Each Inuly farmer with hi< limp'ringdame. King.
BoWT. ». /. [botta, Ital.] A turn ; as
much of an atlion as is performed at
one time, without interruption ; a fin-
gle part of any adion carried on by fuc-
ceflive intervals.

The play began^ Pai> durft not Cofma chace;
' lut did intend next hut with her to meet. Sidney,
Ladirs, that have your feet
Uoplagued wil}i Corns, we'll have a i-Mt, Sbaieff.

When in your motions you are hot,
As make your Uun more violent to that end,
He calls for drink. Shakejfeare,

If he chance to Tcape this difmalWr,
The former legatees ate blotted out. DiytUn.

A wcafel fcizcd a bat i the bat begged for life :

fiy? the wealcl, I give no quarter to birds: fays

the hat, I aai a moufe } look on my body : fo jhe

jot off for tJiat ioul. L'EJIrange.

We'll fee when 'tis enough,

Or if it want the nice concluding boitt, King,

SOVTEFEU. n, /, [French.] Aa in-
cendiary ; one who kindles feuds and
difcontonts. Now difufed.

Animated by a bafe fellow, called John a Cham-
ber, a very boutefeUi who bore much fway among
the vulgar, they cnterod into open rebellion. Bacon.
Nor tould ever any oriier be obtained impartially
to punidi the known houttfeus, and open Incendie-
riea. King Charln,

Befides the herd of ttmitfiBS,
We fet on work within the houfe. Huditrai,
Bo'uTiSALE. ti,/. [I fuppofe iiom bouty
or booty, a.nd /ale."] A fale at a cheap
rate, as booty or plunder is commonly
fold.

To fpeak nothing of the great bout'ifale of colleges
and chantries. Sir y, Haywani.

BOUTS RIMEZ. [French.] The laft
words or rhimes of a number of verfes
given to be filled up.

To BOW. -v. a. [bu3en, Saxon.]

1. To bend, or inAe£l. It founds as nrw,
or ho-iu.

A threepence bnv'd would hire me.
Old as I am, to queen it. Shaheffeare,

Orpheus, with his lute, made trees,
And the mountain topi that freeze,
Bvw themfelves when he diii fing. Sbakeffeare.

Some b<m> the vines, which bury'd in the plain,
Their tops in diftant arches rife again. DryJen.

The mind has not been made obedient to dtf-
cipline, when at firft it was moft tender and molt
eafy to be hoii>cd, Locke.

2. To bend the body in tokcnof refped or
fubmiflion.

They came to meet him, and bcnoeJ thcmfcUes
to the ground before him. 2 Kings.

Is it to bsw down his head as a bulrulh, and to
fpread fackcloth and afltes under him ? wilt tliou
(all this a faft, and an acceptable day to the Lord ?

Ij'aiab,

3. To bend, ori.ndine, in condefcenfion.

Let it not grieve thee to bviu down thine ear to
the p'totf and give him a friendly anfwer. Ktclus,

4. To deprefs ; to crufli.

Are y»u fo gofpell'd,
To pray for this good man, and for his iffue,
Whofe heavy hand hath bvw^d you to the grave,
And bcggar'd yours for ever ? Sbakefpearc.

Now wafting years my former ftrength confound,
And added woes may bcw me to the groiuid. Pufe,
ft Kow. V, n,
C To bend ; lo fuffex flexure.

5l))ift.
no, lo.

2. To make a reverence.

Rather let my h«d
Stoop to the block, than thefe knees beta to any.
Save to the God of heav'n, and to my king. &bak.
This is the great idol to which the world hTWi ;
to this we pay our devoutcft homage.

Decay tfPiiiy.
Admir'd, ador'd, by all the circling crowd.
For whcreloe'er /he tum'J her face, they bnv'd,

Drjdett,

3. Tofloop.

The people bvuitd down upon their knees to
drink. 'Jii'lg"-

4. To fmk under preiTure.

They ftcop, they I'ovi down together ; they could
not deliver the burden. IJitkib, xlvi. 2.

Bow. ». / [from the verb. It is pro-
nounced, like the verb, as no-w, bo-w.]
An aft of reverence or fubmiiiion, by
bending the body.

Some clergy too flic would allow.
Nor quarrel'd at their awkward bow.

Bow. n, /, [pronounced as jratt'
without any regard to the tv.]

1. An inftrument of war, made by hold-
ing wood or metal bent with a ftring,
which, by its fpring, ihoots arrows with
great force.

Take, 1 pray thee, thy weapons, thy quiver, and
thy beta, and go out to the field, and take me fome
venifon. Getiejis.

The white faith of hift'ry cannot fliow,
That e'er the mulket yet could beat the bote.

Mtyncs Henry VII.

2. A rainbow.

1 do fft my b(fw in the cloud, and it (hall be for a
token ot a covenant between me and the earth.

Gen. ix. i J.

3. The inftrument with which ftring-in-
ftruments are ftruck.

Their inftruments were various in their kind ;

Some for the boiu, and fome for breathing wind :

The fawtry, pipe, and hautboy's noify band.

And the foft lute trembling beneath the touching

hand. Dryden'i FahUs,

., The doubling of a firing in a flip-
knot. This is perhaps corruptly ufed
for bought.

Make a knot, and let the fecond knot be with a
bow. H^ifeman,

. A yoke.

As die ox hath his iow. Sir, the horfe his
curb, and the faulcon his bells, fo man hath his
defirc. Shakijpeare.

>. Bow of a /addle. The boius of afaddU
are two pieces of wood laid archwife, to
receive the upper part of a horfe's back,
to give the faddle its due form, and to
keep it tight. Farrier's DiQionary,

J, Bow of a Jhip. That part of hsr which
begins at the loof, and compafllng ends
of the ftern, and ends at the Iternmoll
parts of the forecaftle. If a (hip hath
a broad bow, they call it a bold boiu ; if
a narrow thin bow; they fay (he hath
a lean boiv. The piere of ordnance that
lies in this place, is called the bcw-
fiece ; and the anchors that hang here,
are called her great and little bonuers.

8. Bnv is alfo a mathematical inftru-
ment, made of wood, formerly ufed by
feamen in taking the fun's altitude.

9. Bo'v: is likewife a beam of wood or
brafs, with three long (crews, that clireft
a lath of wood or fteel to any arch ; ui'ed
commonly to draw draughts ol" (hips.

projeflions of the fphere, or wherever it

IS requifite to draw long arches. Harrit.
Bow-BEARER. »./. [from bo-vj and^Mr.l

An under-ofHcer of thq foreft. Covjcll.
Bow-bent, adj, [from boif and be>rt.'\

Crooked.
A libyl old, tnv-ieni with aooked age.

That far events full wifely cmild prel'age, Miltmm

Bow-H AND. n. f. [from bow and band.J
The hand that draws the bow.

Surely he ihoots wid.: on the boiv-band, and
very far from the mark. .Sperjir'i Src/nnd,

Bow-L EGGED, atf/. [from bo-iv 3Lttdleg,'\

Having crooked legs.
Bow-snor. «. /. [from bo-w and f'ot.']

The fpace which an arrow may pal's la

its flight from the bow.

Though he were not tiicn a bozo-jh'it off, and
made haife ; yet, by that time he was conic, the
thing was no longer to bo iztn, Boyle*

BO'WELS. n.f. [^jaax, Fr.]

1. Inteftines ; thevelfels and organs with- ,
in the body.

He fmote him therewith in the fifth rib, and
ftied out his b.ivcls, a Sam. xx. xo.

2. Tlie inner parts of any thing.

Had w2 no quarrel elfc to Ronie, but that
Thou art thence banifli'd, we would muiler all
From twelve to fcventy ; and pouring war
Into the bnveh of ungrateful Rome,
Like a bold itood appear. Sbakrfpearu

His foldiers fpying his undaunted fpirit,
A Talbot '. Talbot! cried out amain.
And rufli'd into the bo-wdi of the battle. Shut,

As he faw drops of water didilling from the
rock, by following the veins, he has made himfelf
two or three fountains in the bovreli of the moun-
tain. Mdifon,

.-j " The feat of pity, or kindnefs.

His boTL'ch did yern upon him. Cenijii,

4. Tendernefs ; compalTion.
He had no other conlideration of money, than

for the fupport of his luflre j and whilil he could
do that, he cared not for money ; having no betvelt
in the point of running in debt, or borrowir-i; all
he could. Clarendon.

5. This word feldom has ^fingular, except
in writers of anatomy.

Bo'wER. n, f, [from bough or branch, or
from the verb To boiu or bend.']

1. An arbour; a (heltered place covered
with green trees, twined and bent.

But, O fad virgin, that thy piwer
Might raife Mufieus from his boiver, Milton,

To gT>ds appealing, when I reach their bow'rt
With loud complaints, they anfwer me in fliow'rs.

Walla-.

Refrelh'd, they wait them to the i«u'rof (late.
Where, circled with his peers, Atrides fat. Pope.

2. It feems to fignify, in Spenfer, a blow ;
a ftroke ; bourrer, Fr. to fall upon.

Hisrawbonc arms, wiir>K* mighty brav.iicd h:^oer^
Were wont to rive fteel pbtes, and helmets hew.
Were clean confum'd, and all his vital puwers
Decay 'd. Sfrnfer'i Fairy Sijieen.

Bo'wER. n. f, [from the /«n; of a fhip.]

Anchors fo called. See Bow.
ToBo'wHR.. 'V. a. [from the noun.] To

embower ; to inclofe.

Thou didit Loiuer the fpirit

In mortal paradile of fwihf^vret fl.fli. Sbakrffiare.
Bo'wERY. adj. [from banner,'] Full of

bowers.

Landlkips how gay the b'.iury grotto y-clds,
Which thought creates, and laviih fancy builds !

Tiikc/t.
Snatch'd through the verdant maze, the hurritd

J^

Diftiafted ■\*andcrs ; new the hie'ry wa k

or

BOW

BOX

BOY

Orc«Tert dofe, where (cttct i fpeclt of day
Fills ©n the IcDgthenM gloom, protraae* fweeps.

Til BowoE. See To Bouge.

BOWr,. a./, [iuelitt, Wel(h; which fig-
nines, according to Junius, any thing
made of horn, as Jrinking cups an-
cieutl/ were. It is pronounced bolc.'\

\. A veflel to hold liquids, rather wide
thar Jeep ; diilinguiihed from a cup,
whicK is rather deep than wide.

Give me a bviol of wine ;
I have not that alicriry of fpirit,
Nor cheer of mind, that I "/as wont to have.

Sbakefpeare,

If a piece of iro" be faftere«Von the fide of a

l^'.-jil of water, a loadftone, in a boar of cork, will

make unto it* Bmvn*

The facred pjitfts, ^Vrh ready knives, bereave
The beads of !rA, ind m i'uii bomli receive
The ftreamine blijod. Dryden.

While the bright 'Jein, tf exalt the foul,
With fparkJing plcjity ciiowns the kvil.
And wit and fecial mirth infiiires.

FittM to Lord Gtvier.

z. The hollow part of any thing.

If you are allowed a large filvcr fpoon for the
kitchen, let half the hoxel ol it be worn out with
continual fcraping. Sivift*.

3. A bafin, or fountain.

But the main matter i> fo to convey the water,
ai it never (lay either in the inv/ot in the ciftern.

Bdcon-

BOWL. ft./, [ioule, Fr. It is pronounced
ss cotu, hmuL] A round raafs, which
may be rolled along the ground.

Like to a bo^ioi upon a fubtile ground,
I've tumbled part the throw. Sbaiefptart.

How finely doft thou times and feafons fpin !
And maice a twill checker'd with night and day !
Which, as it lengthens, winds, and winds us in.
As hnvis go on, but turning all the way,. Herbert.

Like him, who would lodge a kvwl upon a pre-
•ipice, either my praife falls back, or flays not on
the top, but rowis over. Drydcn.

Men may make a game at bvwh in the fummer,
and a game at whift in the winter. Drrnii'i Lei.

Though that piece of wood, which is now a
icro/, may be made fijuare, yet, if roondnefs be
tak'n away, it is no longer a i-^w!. tfatts'tLogut.

To Bowl. f. a. [from the noun.]

1. To roll as a bowl.

2. To pelt with any thing rolled.

iAIas ! I had rather ne let (;jick i' th' earth,
And bcwt'd to death with turnips.

Merry iVi-vit cf WinJir,,.

Bo'vvLDEK.-STONE5. 11./. Lumps Or frag-
ments of Hones or marble, broke from
the adjacent cliffs, rounded by being
tumbled to and again by the water ;
whence their name. Woodiuarei.

Bo'wiER. n. /. [from bo'wl.\ He that
plays at bowls.

BoVline. "{«./. [featerm.] A rope faf-

Br/wLiKG. 5 tcned to the middle part
of the outlide of a fail ; it is fattened in
three or four parts of the fail, called
the benuling bridle. The uic of the
bmuline is to make t'n ■,. fails Hand Iharp
or clofe to a wind. Harris .

Bo' w i.iNC.cRE£K. »./. [ from boivl and
gran.] A level piece of ground, kept
fmooth for bowlers.

A bowl eijualiy poifcd, and thrown upon :< plain
ie^i;iir[-gretii,wM ruu neceflbrily in adlreft lin'.

e.nlley.

lo'wMAM. »./. [from ^v and man.] An
archer ; he that liioots with a bow. '

The whole city fliall flee, for the no'ife of the
horfemen and bov;men. Jenmiah, iv. 29,

Bo'wspRiT. n. /. [from the bow of a
fhip.] This word is generally fpelt
bolt/prit ; which fee.

To Bo'wssEN. 'v.a. [probably of the fame
original with bou/e, but found in no other
paflage.] To drench ; to foak.

The water fell into a clofe walled plot ; upon
this wall was the frantick perfon fet, and from
thence tumbled headlong into the pond ; where a
ftrong fellow tolTed him up and down, until the
patient, by foregoing his ftrength, had fomewhat
forgot his fury : but if there appeared fniail a-
mendment, he was ttm'jjined .again and again,
while there remained in him any hope of life, for
recovery. Careio^s Survey of CornivaU.

Bo'wsTRiNO. n./ [from ^ooK and y?r/«f.]
The ftring by which the bow is kept
bent.

He hath twice or thrice cut Cupid's botujir'wg,
and the little hangman dare not flioot at him.

Shakefpeare.

Sound will be conveyed to the ear, by ftriking

upon a boivjlring, if the horn of the bow be held

to the ear. Bacon.

Bo'wYER. n./. [from ^ooy.]

I. An archer; one that ufes the bow.

Call for vengeance from the howyer king. Dryi.

z. One whofe trade is to make bows.
BOX. » f. [box, Saxon j buxus, Lat.]
A tree.

The i'j.ej are pennated, and evergreen ; it hath
male flowers, that are produced at remote diftances
from the fruh, on the fame tree ; the fruit is
fliaped like a ^ .rrldge-pot inverted, and is divided
into three eel. , containing two feeds in each,
which, when ripe, are caft forth by the elafticity
of the veflels. The wood is very ufeful for en-
gravers, and mathematical ir.ftrument makers ;
being fo hard, clofe, and ponderous, as to fink in
water. MtUer.

There are two forts ; tl: ^ dwarf fc*, and a taller
fort. The dwarf box is good for borders, tf d is
ei/ily kept in order, with one clipping in the year.
It will increafe of flips fet in March, or about
B.ittholomcw tide ; and will profper on cold barren
hills, where nothing elfe will grow. Meriimer.

Box. a./, [box. Sax. bii/ie. Germ.]

1. A cafe made of wood, or other matter,
to hold any thing. It is diftinguiftied
from che/?, as the Ir/s from the greater.
It is fuppofed to have its name from the
box wood.

A magnet, though put in an ivory box, will,
through the box, fend forth bis embracing virtue
to a beloved needle. Sidmy.

About his (helves
A beggirly accoiii»t of empty boxes. .'Shul-fpeare.

The lion's head is to open a rnoft wide voracious
mouth, which ftiall taUc in letters and papers.
There will be under it a box, of which the kev
will be kept in my cuftody, to receive fuch papers
as arc dropped into it. Sl.elc

This calfcet Ir.dia's glmving gems unlocks,
And all Arabia breathes from yonder' i«Ar. Pope.

2. The cafe of the mariners compafs.

J. The cheft into which money given is
put.

So many more, fo every one was ua'd,
That to give largely to the A-x rcfus'd. Spcrfer.

4. The feats in the playhoufe, where the
ladies are placed.

'Tis left to you j the boxes and the pit
Are foveri-ign judges of this fort of wit. Dryden.

She glares in balls, front boxei, and the ring;
A vain, unquiet, glittering, wrc.chcil thing. Pope.

To Box. 'V. a. [from the jioun.] To in-
dole in a box.

Belled !n a cluir, the bean impatient fits,

While fpouts run clatt'ring o'er the roof bv fif«.

Svif!,

BOX. «./ [bod, a cheek, Welfh.] A
blow on the head given with the hand.

For the box o' th' ear that the prince gave you»
he gave it like a rude prince. Sbairfpeare,

If one (hnuld take my hand perforce, and give
another a bcx on the ear with it, the law punifli-
eth the other. Bremhall,

There may happen concuHinns of the braio
from a box on the ear. Wijcmans Surgery.

Olphis, the fiflierman, received a box on the ear
from Theftylis. AJdiJ'on'! SpeHator.

To Box. 'V. n. [from the noun.] To fight
with the fill.

The afs very fairly looked on, till they had boxed
themfelvcs a-weary, and then left them fairly in
the lurch. VEJirange.

A leopard is like a cat ; he boxes with his fore-
feet, as a cat doth her kitlins. Greta.

The flghting with a man's fliadow confifts in
brandifliing two flicks, loadcn with plugs of lead ;
this gives a man all the pleafure of itxin^, without
the blows. SptSmor.

He hath had fix duels, and four-and-twenty
boxing matches, in defence of his majefty's title.

SpeBaton

To Box. v. a. To ftrike with the fill.
Bo'xEN. n./. [from box.\

1 . Made of box.

The young gentlemen learned, before all other
things, to defign upon tablets of boxen wood. Dryd.
As laJs and lafl<;s Hood around.
To hear my boxert hautboy found. Cay,

2. Refembling box.

Her faded clieeks are chang'd to boxen hue.
And in her eyes the tears arc ever new. Dryet*

Bo'xER. n. /. [from box.] A man who

fights with his fid.
BOY. n./. [bub. Germ. The etymology is

not agreed on.]
I. A male child ; not a girJ. *'

The ftrcets of the city (hall be full of ioyi and
girls playing. Zcchariab.

z. One in the (late of adolefcence ; older
than an infant, yet not arrived at pu-
berty or manhood.

Speak thou, bey ;
Perhaps thy childiflinefs will move hira more
Than can our reafons. Shakefpeare's CorlohnuTt

Sometimes forgotten things, long cart behind,
Rufli forward in rhe brain, and come to mind :
The nurfe's legends are for truths receiv'd.
And the man dreaiBt but what the k'y bellcv'd.

Drydettm

3. A word of contempt for young men, as
noting their immaturity.

Men of worth and parts will noteafily admit the
familiarity of boysy who yet need the care of a
tutor. Locke.

The pale bey fenator yet tingling flaads.
And holds his bixeches clofe with both his hands*

Pope,'

To Boy. 1;. n. [from the noun.] To treat
as a boy.

Anthony
Shall he brought drunken forth, and I fliall fee
Some Iqueaking Cleopatra boy my griatneli,
r th' piifture of a whore. Sbiikefpcare,

Bo'y HOOD. «./ [from boy.] The ftate of
a boy ; the part of life in which we are
boys. This is perhaps an arbitrary
word.

If you (hould look at him, in his boyhood,
through the magnifying end of a perfpedive, and,
in his manhood, through the other, it would be
impoflible to Ijiy any difti:reiicc : the fame air,
the fame ftrut. Swift.

Bo'yish. etdj. [from boy.J
I. Belonging to a boy.

lia».

BRA

BRA

BRA

t iM It dirough, e'en from my Itji/b itiftf
To th' very moment that he bade me tell it. Stat.
ii Childiih ; trifling.

This unhiir'd faucinef!, and ityijh traopi,
The king doth fmlle a:, and is well prepar'd
To whip this dwarfi/h war, thefc pigmy arms.

Sbakefl>eare.
Young men take up fume Englilh poet for llieir
Model, and imitate him, without knowiog wherein
he is defective, where he is ityi/b and triAing.

Drytlcrt.

So'yishly. adv. [from io^'Jh.] Childifti-

ly ; triflingly.
Bo'yiSHNESB. n./. [{rom ioyi/b.] Child-

ifhnefs ; trifling manner.
$o'yi3m. n. /. [from itj,} Fuerility j

childilhners.

He had complained he was farther oflF, by being
fo near) and athoufand fuch ^^|/ii9i,which Chaucer
ri'jeiled as below the fubjed. Drydtn-

B p . An abbreviation of biftiop.
BRA'BBLE. «./ \brabbckn, Dutch.] A
clamorous conteil ; a fquabble ; a broil.

Here in the ftreets, defpcrate in Ihame and ilatc,
In private hrabhle did we apprehend him. Sha\.

y<> Bra'bblb. i». ». [from the noun.] To
clamour ; to conteil noifily.

^ra'bbler. a.yl \ixci\a brabble. '\ A cla-
morous, quarrelfome, noify fellon'.

To BRACE. V. a. [embrajfer, Fr.]

I. To bind ; to tie clofe with bandage*.

The women of China, by bracing and binding
them from their infancy, have very little feet.

«. To intend ; to make tenfe ; to ftrain up.

The tympanum i» not capable of tenfion that
way, in fuch a manner a) a drum is braced. Holder,

The diminution of the force of the preffure of
the external air, in bracing the fibres, muft create
a debility in raufcular motion. Arbutbmt n Air,

Brace. »./. [from the verb.]

I. Cinflure ; bandage.

a. That which holds any thing tight.

The little bones of the ear-drum do in draining
and relaxing it, as the brace: of the war-drum do
m that. Derham,

g. Brace [in architefture] is a piece of
timber framed in with bevil joints, ufed
to keep the building from fwerving
either way. Builder's Di^.

4. Braces, fa fea term.] Ropes belong-
ing to all the yards, except the mizen.
They have a pendant to the yard-arm,
two braces to each y-ord ; and, at the
end of the pendant, a block is feized,
through which the rope called the brace
is reeved. The braces ferve to fquare
and traverfe the yards. Sea DiH,

5. Braces of a Conch. Thick ftraps of
leather on which it hangs.

6. Harnefs.

7. Brace. [In printing.] A crooked line
inclofmg a paflTage, which ought to be
taken together, and not feparately ; as
in a triplet.

Charge Venus to command her fon,
Wherever elfe (he lets him rove,
To Ihun my houfe, and lield, and grov
Peace cannot dwell with hate or love. 3 Prkr,

^ Warlike preparation ; from bracing the
armour ; as we fay, girded for the battle.

As it more canccrns the Turk than Rhodes,
So nay he with more facile queftion bear it }
For tliat it (lands not in fuch warlike bract.
But altogether lacks th' abilities
Tiuc Rhodea it inWi io. SLikH'/rtare,

' lou,

grove i >
ove. 3 '

9. Tenfion ; tightnefs.

The mod frequent caufe ef deafneft il the lax-
nefs of the tympanum, when it lias loll its brace
or tenfion. Holder,

Brace, n, /. [of uncertain etymology,
probably derived from two braced toge-
ther.]

1. A pair; a couple. It is not braces,
but brace, in the f/ural.

Down from a hill the beafts that reign in woods,
Firll hunter then, purfucd a gentle brace,
Coodlied of all the foretl, hart and hind. Par.Lc/l.

Ten brace and more of greyhounds, fnowy fair,

And tall as (lags, ran loole, and cours'd around

bis chair. Dryden't Fables.

2. It is ufed generally in converfation as
a fportfman's word.

He is faid, thi$ fummer, to have (hot with his
own hands fifty brace of phcafants, Addtjon,

3. It is applied to men in contempt.

But you, my brace of lords, were I fo minded,
I here could pluck his bighncfs' frown upon you .

Shakctfieare.

Bra'celet. It,/, [bracelet, French.]

1. An ornament for the arms.

Both his handi were cut off, being known to
have worn bractUli of gold about his writh.

Sir y. Hayward.

Tie about our tawny wrifts

Bracelets of the fairy twills. Ben yon/on.

A very ingenious lady ufed to wear, in rings

and brace/els, ftoie of thofe gems. Bojile.

2. A piece of defenfive armour for the
arm.

Bra'cer. n./. [from brace."]

1, A cintlure ; a bandage.

When they afl'eft tire belly, they may be rc-
ftrained by a bracer, without much trouble.

ff^jfemaii,

2. A medicine of conftringent power.
Brach. n.f. [braque, Fr.] A bitch hound.

Truth 's a dog muft to kennel ; he muft be

whipped out, when the lady bracb mny ftand by

the fire, and ftink. Shakefpearc.

Bra'chi A!., adj. [from brachium, an arm,

Lat.] Belonging to the arm*
Brachy'craphy. n.f. [i3|«xt«, fliort,
and y^aifu, to write.] The art or
praftice of writing in a (hort compafs.

All the certainty of thofe high pretenders, bating
what they have of the lirft principles, and tlie word
of God, may be circumfcribed by as fmall a circle
as the creed, when bracbygrafly had confined it
within the compafs of a penny. GlanvilU.

Brack, n.f. [from break.l A breach ; a
broken part.

The place was but weak, and the bracks fair;
but the defendants, by refulution, fupplicd all the
defers. Hay%vard.

Let them compare my work with what is taught
in the fchools, and if they find in theirs many brtchs
and (hort ends, which cannot be I'pun into in c«n
piece ; and, in mine, a fair coherence throughout j
I (hall promife myfelf an acquiefciince. Oighy.

Bra'cket. n.f. [a term of carpentry.]
A piece of wood fixed for the fupport
of lomething.

Let yuur (helves be laid upon brackets, being about
two feet wide, and edged with a fmall lath.

M'-rtimiT.

BRA'CKISH. a^-. [brack, ^£i^xic\i,] Salt;
fomewhat fait : it is ufed particularly of
the water of the fea.

Pits upon the fea (liore turn into frerti water,

by percolation of the fait through the land ; but

it is farther noted, after a time, the water in Inch

pit! will become brackijh again. Baean,

When I had gain d the brow and top,

A lake of hrackijb Waters «□ the ground

Was all 1 found. Herbert,

The wift eontrtver, on hii end Intent,
Mix'd them with fait, and feafon'd all the fei.
What other caufe could this e/lisft produce ?
The hrackijh tin^urc through the main difTufe >

Blackmort.

Bra'ckishness. n, f, [from brackijh.\
Saltnefs in a fmall degree.

All the artificial (trainings hitherto leave a
braekijhreji in fait water, that makes it unfit for
animal uliu. Chcyne.

BRAD, being an initial, figniflet broad,
fpacious, from the Saxon bpab, and the
Gothick braid. Gib/tn.

Brad. n.f. A fort of nail to floor rooms
with. They are about the fize of a ten-
penny nail, but have not their heads
made with a ftioulder over their ihank,
as other nails, but are made pretty thjck
towards the up{>er end, that the very top
may be driven into, and buried in', the
board they nail down ; fo that the tops
of thefe brads will not catch the thrums
of the mops, when the floor is wafliing.

Moxo/i,

To BRAG. 1/. », [braggeren, Dutch.]

1. To boaft; to difplay oftentatioufly ;
to tell boaftful ftories.

Thou coward ! art thou bragging to the ftars ?
Telling the bulhes that ihou look'ft for wars,
A.nd wilt not come ? Shakcfjieare.

Mark me, with what violence flic firft loved the
Moor, but for bragging, and telling her fantajical
lies. Siiakefpeare.

In bragging out fome of their private tenets, ai
if they were the ellabiilhed dodirine of the church
of England. Sanderfin.

The rebels were grown fo ftrong there, that thev
intended then, a« they already biaggej, to como
over and make this the feat of w.i"r. Clarendon.

Mrs. Bull's condition was looked upon as def.
pcratc by all the men of art ; but there were thofe
that bragged they had an infallible ointment.

Arhutkntt^

2. It has «/^ before the thing boafted.

Knowledge being the only thing whireef ws
pbor old men can brag, we cannot make it known
but by utterance. Sidney,

Verona brags of him.
To be a virtuous and wcll-govcrn'd youth. Skak*

Every bufy little fcribbler now
Swells with the praifes which he gives himfelf.
And taking fan£)uary in tlie crowd.
Brags of his impudence, and fcorns to mend.

RoJcommoA

3. 0« is ufed, but improperly.

Yet lo ! in me what authors have to brag on,
Reduc'd ar laft to hils in my oA'n dragon. P«^A
Brag. n.f. [from the verb.]

1 . A boaft ; a proud ex'prcflion.

A kind of conqued
Ciefar made here ; but made not here his brag
Of came, and faw, and overcame, ■'ihakcffeare.
It was fuch a new thing for the Spaniards ta
receive fo little hurt, upon dealing with the EngliA,
as Avellancda made great irj^i of it, for nog. cater
matter than the waiting upon the Engliib afar off.

Baccn,

2. The thing boafted.

Beauty is natui«:> ^''"JT' ""^ TimH be (hewn
In courts, at fealis, and high folemnitici.
Where m >(t may wonder. Milteti,

Bragoado'cio. «. /. [from brag.] A
puffing, fwelling, boaiting fellow.

The world abounds in terrible fanfarons, in the
mafque of men of honour } but tlicfc brargjdccict
are eaf> to be dete^ed. L'£Jtrangt.

By tlic plot, you may guefs much of the cba<
rafters of the perfons; a braggadocio captain, a ga-
rafite, and a lady of p leafure. Vrydcn,

Bra'ccarsism.

BRA

Bra'ggardism. «./ [from Irrag.] Boafl-
fulnefs ; vain otlentation.

Bra'cgart. atij. [from brag.'\ Boaftful ;
vainly ollentatious.

Shall I, norx's Oavc, of high bom or raii'd men
Fear tVowns ; and m»- miftreis, truth, betray thee
To th' hutfing, l-rji^„rt, putt nobility f Durnf.

Bra'cgart. »./ [from drag.] A boafter.
Who knows himftlt' 3 brjgrart,
Lf t him fiar this ; for it will come to pals,
That every brjggart (hall be f;und an als. Shai.

Bra'gger. n.f. [from Inag.] A boafter ;
an oftentatious fellow.

SiK-h as have had cppotfunity to found thcfe
<r<j^^(r«chorcugSK, b> having fomctimcs endured
the penioce ot thiir fott:lh cimpany, have fnunJ
them, in convcrie, empty sr.d iniipid. South,

Bra'cless. adj. [fiom brag.] Without
a boaft; without oftentation.

The bruit is, Hector's fiain, and by Achilles. —
I If it is fo, tr^igicfs let it be,
Grca: HeQor vas as good a man as he. Stai'ff.
Bf-A'cLY. adi: [horn irtrg,] Finely; fo
a.s it may be bragged.

Secft not tbilic li-w Jioin ftuJ,
How hragly it begins to bud,
And uticr his tender head i
Flora now calleth Jbrth each fl ««r.
Am! bids him make ready Maia's tower. Sptrfcr.

To BRAID, 'u. a. [bpxdan, Saxpn.J To
weave together.

. C.'ofe the ferpent fly,
InGnuating, wove with gordian twine
His knUlai ^in, and of his fatal guile
Gave pro.if unheeded. Miltm.

Oficr wands, lying loofcly, may each ofthem be
eafily dinbciated from the reft ; but, when LriUtd
into a balket, they cohere (Irongly. BiyU.

A ribband did the hraidtd trcITcs bind.
The reft was loofe, and wanR^nM in the wind.

Prjdev ,

Since in Ira'uUd gold her foot is bound.
And a long trailini; manseau fwctps the ground,
Her (lioe difdains tho ftrcet. Gjy.

Braid. «./. [from theverb] A texture ;
a knot, or complication of fomething
woven together

LiOen wtaen cliou art Opting,
Under the glolly, cool, tranflueent wave,
in twiAed btaltii of lilies knitting
1 he lo'ift! train of thy amber-dropping h jir. Aii/tcn.

int:

Or 1; . . : 'in i,

In graLelUt^rtJKii, wilii various fit>kH>ii bound. fivV;.

Braid, ad;. [To irede, in Chaucer, is to
c/ecei'vi.'\ An old word, which ieemi to
fignify deceitful.

Since Frenchmen are fo haU,
Marry 'em that will. I'll live and die a maid.

Shab^fjeare.

Bi ail's, n. ./. [fca term.] Small ropes
reeve'd through blocks, which are fcized
on cither fide the ties, a little off upon
the yard ; fo that they come down before
the fails of a Ihip, and are faftened at
the flcirtof the fail to the crenglcs. Their
tife is, when the fail is furled acrofs, to
hail tip its bunt, that it may the more
readily be taken up or let fall. Harrii.

BRAIN, n. f. [bparsen. Sax. breyne,
Dutch.].

1, That colleflion of veffels and organs
in the head, from which fenfe and mo-
tion arife.

'i he brain is dj*,idrd into eerfirum and ctrtLfllum.
Cmhrum it that 7 art of the A/</m which polfefTes
all the upper and fofptrt of the rntr:'<timy heir.^
fepjrated from the ceritcllatt by the fecond pro-

Vol. I.

BRA

ccfs ofthe dura mnuri under which llio teychetluM
is fituated. The fubftance of the hraln is dlftin-
guilhed into outer and inner : the former is callci
cortkalhi dnerta, ov glamdukfa \ the latter, mcdul-
Urisj alba^ or rcrvca* Cbejcldcn,

. If I be Terved fuch another tricki V\\ have my
hrains ta.'«n,put|. and -buttered, and fi)vet}>cm to a
dog for a new year's gift.

Sbakfjj?eare''s Merry fV'i^ei offf^iffdj-.y,
Th.it man proportionably hath the hrgcft brabsy
\ diet, I cuiifefs, fomcwhat doubt, and conceived it
n^ight have tailed io b)rds, cf^^ecially fuch<is having
little bodies, have yet large cranies, and feem to con-
tain much traittf as fnipes and woodcocks ; but,
upon trial, 1 find it very true. BroiCyCs ^'^i^^g' ^^^f-

2. That part in which the underilanding
is placecji ; therefore taken for the un-
derilanding.

1'he force tliey are under is a real force, and
that ot their tare but an imaginary conceived one j
the one but in their ^rain:, the other on their
ihoulders, Hi^ttimord.

A man is firft a geometrician in his ^rsin^ be-
fore he be fuch in hi. hand. //j/t.

3. Sometimes the affedlions: this is not
common, nor proper.

My fon Edgar ! had he a hand to write this, a
heart and hrain to breed it in .'' Sbakcffeijre.

7q Brain, f. a. [from the noun.] To
daih out the brains ; to kill by beating
out the brains.

Why, as 1 told tb«, 'tis a cuftom with Mm i'
tV afternoon lo ilecpj there thou m:iy*ft Bruin'
him. ■ Sbahjftart.

Outlawi of nature,
, Fit to be Aiot iwd brain' H, without ? proccA,
To Uop infcclioni that 's their proper death.

Diydeti.
Vzxz (t'lz'd two wrctcKcs more, and headlong
ca.1,
T/j ;;'a »n the rode, his fecond dire repaft. • Ptfi.
BitA'iNiSH. a.^f. [from brain.] Hothead-
ed ; furious : a cerebrofus ia Latin.

In his icwlcls fit,
Bfhind tlit arriS liearingfomethlni? ftii,
Hcu.V '■ ", and crifs, a rat !

ArJ, ■ henfion, kills

The u: ^ , _ . r\, .'ihcirfpeare.

Bra'inless aii;. [from brain.'\ billy;
thoughtlefs ; -witlefs.'

S:ime Ircinli-' rrien have, by great travel .and
labour, broiigli- -o paf», that fhe church is now,
ai'i.i'! ' ;' raor^ than of fainti. Haiitr.

It ". '.-/j A]a» come fafc ( If,'

^'- ■ ■!ce3. . iH'ahc'fearr.

, who, cxfcll'd the t nvn,

1'- - .-» - .. j.^ and pedantick gown,

Aw'd by dry name, is dumb. Thkdl.

Bra'inpan. n. /. [ham brain zni fan.1
Thi (ItiiH containing the brains.

With rhoie huge bellows, in his hands, he blo^v?
Ne* fii e into my hc.id ; my trairfiaii glows, Dryd.

Bra'jnsick. 'adj. [froni brain ant] fiL]
Difeafed in the underftanding : addle-
ht-adcJ ; giddy ; thoughtlefs.

Nor once d:je6l the couiagc of our minds,
Becaufc CalTandra 'i maJ ; licr btiiiJifiik raptures
Cannot diftjlic the giodnefs of a quarrel. Slvi.

They were trainjSck men, who could neillier
endure the government of their king, nor vet
thanltfiilly receive the authors of their deliver-
ance. •' KiioUci.

Br a'i NSiCKi.y. adv. [from brainjlck.]

Weakly ; hcadily.

Why, worthy Thane,

You do imbend your noble llrc.igth to think

So Irairjiikly of things. Shdkejjitrre.

El a'insickness. n.f. [from brainjici.]

Indifcretion ; giddinefs.
Br A IT. »./. Among jewellers for a rough

diamond. i>/<s>.

BH A

Brake. The preterite of break.

He thought it fufficicnt to corte^t tiie multitude
with (harp words, and brake out into this chnlcrick
fpcech. Kmiln.

BRAKE, n.f. [of uncertain etymology.]

1, A thicket of brambles, or of thorns.

A dog of tills town uled daily to fetch meat,
and to carry the fame unto a blind mafliff, that
lay in a brake without the town. Careiu,

If I'm traduc'd l>y tongues, which neither know
My faculties nor perfon ; let me fay,
'Tis but the fate of place, and the rough brake
That virtue muft go through. Shaiefpejre,

In every buih and Irakc, where hap may had
The ferpent deeping. Miircr.

Full litrle thought of him the gentle knight.
Who, flying death, had there coiiceai'd his fiight;
In brakei ani brambles hid, and Ihunaing mortal
fight. Drydcns, Fables.

2. It is faid originally to meanyfrw.
Brake, n.f.

1. An inilrument for drell?ng hemp of
flax.

2. The handle of a fliip's pump.

3. A baker's kneading trough.

4.. A fliarp bit or fnaftie for horfes. Die7.
A fmith's braie is a machine in which
hones, unwilling to be ftiod, are con-
fined during that operation.
Bra'ky. adj. [from braie.] Thorny;
prickly ; rough.

Redeem arts trom their rougli and b-raky feat.s',

where they lie hid and overgrown with thorns, to

a pure, open light, where they may take the eye,

and m.y be taken by the hand. £eti JonJ'aii.

BRA'MBLE. n.f. [bpemlap Sax. ruLs,

Lat.] «

T. The blackberry bufh ; the rafpberry
bu fit, or hindberry. Miller.

Content with food which nature freely bred.
On wldings and on ftrawberries they fei :
Cornels anJ brtuvhli berries gave the reft,
Ani t"allii;g acorns furnilh'J out a lead. Dryden,
2. It is taken, in popular language, for
any rough prickly flirub.

Tiic bulh my beJ, the irflw/i c was my bowV,
The woods can witncfs many a wor'u) ftote. Stf.njlr,
There is a man haunts the foreft, that abules
our young yiann with carving Kofalind ort their
barks; hangs odes upon hawthi-rns, and elegies on
brair.hlcSy al', foj'lo.Ttli, deifying the nameof Rsp-
ftlind. ■ ■ '^ ■ •■ • Sl->akcfj.tan.

Thy youngling-!, CuJdy, sre but jud awiliV,
No thruHtcs fiifiU the krnmbh bujh forlake. trVV.

Bra'mbling. //. / A bird, called alib
a mountain chaffinch. DiB.

BRAN, n.f [bnmia, Ital.] The hulks of
corn ground ; the rcfufe of the lieve."

Fn.m me do back receive the flluw'r of a'l, i
And leave me buttheircs, Siakrlpcar'.

The citizens we e driven to -rent diftie(s,f'>r
want of vlfiu.Js ; b^ead they ma le of the coaifcit
brsii, moulded In cloaths j for othtrwife it would
n jt cleave toj;cthrr. Uay-.vifd,

In the fifiing of fourteen years of power and
favour, all that came out could not be pure mtal,
but mud have among it a certain mixture of padar
a .d bran, in this lower age of luiinan fragility.

Then water him, and drinking whnt ho can.
Encourage him to third again with bran. DryMi-
BRANCH, it.f [branche, French.]
I . The Ihoot of a tree from one of the
main boughs.

Why grow the branchii, when the root is gone ?
Whjr wljhcr not the leaves that want their lap ?

Shokefptar^

z. Any membir or part of the whole;
any dilVinft article ; any fedion or fub-
divifion.

F f y-otr

BRA

Your oathi are fi&, and now fubfci'ibc year
naroei,
That hi« own hand may ftrike his honour down,
•That violates the fmalleft irarcb herein. Shaitfp.

The belief of this was of fpecial importance,
to confirm our hopes of another life, on which io
many hrancba of chriftian piety do immediately
depend' Hammord.

In the fcTeral iranchtt of juftice and charitj',
comprehended in thofe general rules, of loving our
neighbour as ourfclves, and of doing to others as
we would have them do to us, there is nothing
but what i» moft fit and reafonable. TiUtipr.

This precept will oblige us to perform our duty,
Hccotding to the nature of the various iranrhrs of
it. R^l.rs.

3. Any part that (hoots out from the reft.

And fix brancbts Ihall come out of the fides of
It ; three irancbei of the candlcftick out of the
one fide, and three brexcbti of the candlcftick out
of the other fide. Ex'Jus.

His blood, which difperfeth itfelf by the branchu
of veins, may be refcmbled to waters carried by
brooks. Raleigh.

4. A fmaller river ranning into, or pro
ceeding from, a larger.

If, from a main river, any hrancb be fepa-
rated and divided, \ then, where that irancA doth
firft bound itfelf with new banks, there is that part
of the river, where the branch forfjketli the main
ftream, called the head of the river. Raleigh.

5. Any part of a family defcending in a
collateral line.

His father, a younger bramb of the ancient
flock planted in Somerfetfliire, took to wife the
widow. Cariw.

6. The offspring ; the defcendant.

Great Anthony ! Spain's well-befeeming pride,
"Viou mighty branch of emperours and kings \

Crajhanv.

7. The antlers or (hoots of a (lag's horn.

8. The branches of a bridle are two pieces
of bended iron, that bear the bit-mouth,
the chains, and the curb, in the interval
between the one and the other.

Farrier's Did.

9. [In architefture.] The arches of Go-
thick vaults ; which arches tranfverfing
ftom one angle to another, diagonal
wife, form a crofs between the other
arches, which make the fides of the
fquare, of which the arches are diago-
nals. Harris.

Te Branch, "v. n. [from the noun.]
1. To fpread in branches.

They were trained together in their childhoods,
and there rooted betwixt thctn fuch an affeilion,
which cannot choofc but ^r<iiicj& now. Hhakefpcarc.

The caufe of fcattering the boughs, is the hafty
breaking forth of the fap j and therefore thole
trees rife not in a body of any height, but branch
near the ground. The caufe of the pyramis, is the
keeping in 0/ the fa'p, long before it branch, and
the fpending of it, when it beginneth to branch,
by c<^ual degrees. Bac6n.

Plant it round with Ihade
Of laurel, evergreen, zndbranching plane. Miltcn.

Straight OS a line in beauteous order flood
Of oake unlhorn a venerable wood ;
Frefh was the grafs beneath, and ev'ry tree
At diflance planted, in a due degree,
Thc'it irancling arms in air, with equal fpace,
Stretck'i to their neighbours with a long embtace.

Drydm.

One fees her thighs transform'd, another views
Her arms fliot out, and branching into boughs.

AlJifin,

2. To fpread into fcparate and diAindl
parts and fubdivifions.

The Alps at the one end, and the long range of
Appeuiues that fxSki thtuugh tJic body of it.

BRA.

iranek out, on (U fides, Into feveral different div!.
fions. Miijm.

If we would weigh, and keep in our minds,
what it is we are confidering, that would beft
inftru£t us when we Ihould, or (hould not, branch
into farther diftinftions. Locke.

3. To fpeak diffufively, or with the dif-
tinftion of the parts of a difcourfe.

I have known a woman branch out into a long
differution upon the edging of a petticoat. SfeH.

4. To have horns (hooting out into ant-
lers.

The fwift (lag from under ground
Bore up his branching head. Milton.

To Branch, -v. a.

1. To divide as into branches.

The fpirits of things animate are, all continued
within themfelves, and are branched into canals,
as blood is ; and the fpirits have not only branches,
but ceruln cells or feats, where the prineipal fpirjts
do refide. Bacon.

2. To adorn with needlework, reprefenting
flowers and fprigs.

In robe of hly white (he was array'd.
That from her ihoulder to her heel iovm raught,
The train whereof loofc far behind her ftray'd
Branched mtii gold and pearl, moil richly wrought.

Sf>infer.

Bra'ncher. ». /. [from iraaeh.]

1. One that (hoots out into branches.

If their child be not fuch a fpcedy fpreader and
brancber, like the vine, yet he may yield, with a
little longer expeSation, as ufeful and more fober
fruit than the other. ff^orion.

2. [brancbier, Fr.] In Falconry, a young
hawk.

I enlarge my difcourfe to the obfervation of the
eires, the brancber, and the two forts of lentners.

H^alun.
Bra'nchiness. n, /. [from branchy, '\

Fulnefs of branches.
Bra'nchless. adj. [from branch.'\
I. Without (hoots or boughs,
z. Without any valuable produft ; naked.

If I life mine honour,
I lofe myfelf ; better I were not yours.
Than yours fo branchlefi. Shaieffeare.

Bra'nchy. aci;. [from branch.'] Full of
branches ; fpreading.

Trees on trees overthrown
Fall crackling round him, aud the forells groan ;
Sudden full twenty on the plain are (Irow'd,
And lopp'd and lightcn'd of their branchy load.

P<^e.

What carriage can bear away all the various,

rude, and unwieldy loppings of a bramlij tree at

once ? H'altt.

BRAND, n.f. [bfianb, Saxon.]

1. A (lick lighted, or fit to be lighted, in

the fire.

Have I caught thee ?
He that parts us Ihall bring i. brand from heav'n.
And fire us hence. Shakefpeare.

Take it, (he faid, and when your needs require,
This little brand will ferve to lightyour fire. Dryd.

If, with double diligence, they labour to retrieve
the hours they have 1oft, they (hall be faved ;
though this is a fervicc of great difficulty, and
like a brand plucked out of the fire. Rogers,

2. [branJo, Ital. branJar, Runick.] A
fword, in old language.

Tlicy looking back, all th' eallern fide beheld
Of Paradife, fo late their happy feat !
Wav'd over by that flaming brand \ the gat;
With dreadful faces throng'd, and fiery arms.

Milton.

3. A thunderbolt.
The fire omnipotent prepares the brand.

By Vulcan wrought, and arms his potent hand.

CranvUle.

BRA

4, A mark made by burning a criminal
with a hot iron, to note jiim as infa-
roous ; a (bgma.

Clerks convicl (hoxild be burned in the hind,
both bccaufe they might tafte of fonie corporal
punilhment, and that they might carry a brand of
infamy. Baccn.

The rules of good and evil are inverted, and «
brand of infamy palTes for a badge of honour.

t'EjIrange.
J. Any note of infamy.

Where did his wit on learning fix a brand.
And rail at arts he did not undcrfland ? Dry.im,
7o Brand, 'v. a. [hranden, Dutch.] To
mark with a brand, or note of infamy:

Have 1 liv'd thus long a wife, a true one, -
Never yet branded with I'ufpicion ? Sbakeffeart.

The king was Afar branded, by P<Tkin 3 pro-
clamation, for an execrable breaker ol the rights
of holy church* Bacsn.

Brand not their anions with fo foul a name ;
Pity, at leaft, what we are forc'd to blame. Dryd.

Ha ! dare not for thy life, 1 charge thee, dare not
To brand the fpotlefs virtue of my prince. Rnve.

Our Punick faith
Is infamous, and branded to a proverb. jlJdifon,

The fpreader of the pardons anfwercd him an
eafier way, by branding him with herefy. Atterbury.

Bra'ndgoose. v./. A kind of wildfowl,
lefs than a common goofe, having its
bread and wings of a dark colour. Di3.

To Bra'ndish. 'V. a. [from brand, a
fword.]

1. To wave, or (hake, or flourilh, as a
weapon.

Brave Macbeth,
Difdaining fortune, with his handijh'd Rte],
Like valour's minion, carved out his fitftgc Shai,

He faid, and brandijhing at once his blade.
With eager pace purfued the flaming (hade. Dryd,

Let me march their leader, not their prince ;
And at the head of your renown'd Cydonians
Brandifij this fword. Smith.

2. To play with ; to flourilh.

He, who (h;ill employ all the force of his reafon
only in brandijhing of fyllogifms, will difcover very
lit.le. Ltcle.

Bra'ndling. »./. The name for a par-
ticular worm.

The dew-worm, which fome alfo call the lob-
worm, and the brandfing, are the chief. Wahtn,

Bra'ndv. ». /. [contrafted from brande-
luine, or burnt luine.] A ftrong liijuor
diftilled from wine.

If your mailer lodgcth at inns, every dram of
brandy extraordinary that you drink, raifeth hia
charaSer. Sici/i's Footman.

Bra'ndy-wine. The fame with ^»-/i«<^.

It has been a common faying, A hair of the
fame cog ; and thought that brandy-wine is a
common relief to fuch. Wijeman^

BRA'NGLE. n.f. [uncertainly derived.]
Squabble ; wrangle ; litigious conteft.

The payment of tytncs is lubjeft to many
frauds, brangles, and other difficulties, not only
from papifts and difTcntcrs, but even from thofe
who prijjfefs themfelves proteftants. Smifr.

To Bra'ngle, "v. n. [from the noun.]
To wrangle ; to fquabble.

When jiolite convcrfing (hall be improved, com-
pany will be no longer peftercd w:th dull ftiry-
tcllcrs, nor brangl.ng difputers. Swift.

Bra'nclement. n.f. [from brangU.']
TIic fame with branch.

B R A N K . n.f. Buckwheat, or brank, is a
grain very ufeful and advantageous in
dry barren lands. Mortimer.

Bra'n.mv. «(^'. [from ^r/j».] Having the
appearance of bran.

BRA

BRA

BRA

It became ferpiginom, and was, when I (aw it,
ttfvcred with white branny fcales. IViffnijr..

Bra'sen. adj. [from brafs,'^ Made of
bra/s. It is now lefs properly written,
according to the pronunciation,- brazen.
Bra'sier. II. f. [U cm bra/s.']
1. A manufafturer that works in brafs.

There is a fellow foraewhat near the door, he
Ihould be a trajirr by his face. Sbaktffeart.

Braftin that turn andirons, pots, kettles, (§c.
have their lathe maJe different from the common
turners lathe. Moxon.

%. A pan to hold coals, [probably from
embrafer, Fr.]

It is thought they had no chimneys, but were
warmed with coats on brajitri. ^rbutbnot.

Brasi'l. In./. An American wood,
Brazi'l. i commonly fiippofed to have
been thus denominated, becaufe firft
brought from Brafil : though Huet fliews
it had been known by that name many
years before the difcovery of that coun-
try ; and the beil fort -comes from Fer-
nambuc. It is ufed by turners, and
takes a good polifh ; but chiefly in dy-
ing, though it gives but a fpurious red.

Chambers.

BRASS. »./. [bpaj-, Sxx. pres, Wellh.]

1 . A yellow metal made by mixing cop-
per with lapis calamiaaris. It is ufed,
in popular language, for any kind ot
metal in which copper has a part.

Brctfs is made of copper and calaminaris. Bacon,
Men's evil manners live in brafi^ their virtues

We write in water. ^ bakLfj>faru

Let others mold tile running mafs

Of metals, and inform the breathing brafs. Vryd.

2. Impudence.

Bra'ssin ESS. ».yr [from ^ffl^.] An ap-
pearance like brafs ; fome quality of
brafs.

Br a'ssy. adj. [from brafs.]

1. Partaking of brafs.

The part in which they lie, is near black, with
fome Iparks of a hraffj pyrites in it. WoDdiuard.

2. Hard as brafs.

Loflirs,
Knough to prefs a royal merchant duwo.
And pluck commifeiation of his ftate
From brajT) bofoms, and rough hearts of flint.

Sbaltrffeare.

^. Impudent.

lil.i.i.T.farucip. adj. [from^wr/?.] Burft ;
broken. Obfoieie.

There creature never part,
That back returned without heavenly grace,
But dreadful furies which their chains have brajit
And damned fprights fent forth to make ill men
agall. Sfcnftr.

Erat. n./. [its etymology is uncertain;

bpart, in Saxon, fignifies a blanket ;

from which, perhaps, the modern figni-

iication may have come.]
I. A child, fo called in contempt.

He leadi tii'.m like a thing
Made by fome other deity than nature,
That Ihapcs man better; and they follow him,
Againft us bratt, with no lets confidence.
Than boys purfuing fummer butterflies. Shaktff.

This bral is none of mine !
Hence with it, and, together with the dam.
Commit them to the 6:e» Shakiff:cart.

The friends, that got the brats, were poifon'd
(00 ;
In this fad cafe what could our vermin de >

Rojiimm'jn.

Jupiter fummoncd all the birds and beads before
him, witli their brjts and little ones, to fee whicij
of them had the prettieft children. ■ UEjirangt.

I (hall live to lee the invifible lady, to whom 1
was obliged, and whom I never beheld lince fiie was
a brat in hanging-ficcves. Sivift.

1 give command to kill orfave.

Can grant ten thoufand pounds a-ycar.

And make a beggar's brat a peer. Sivift.

2, The progeny ; the oiFspring.

The two late confpiracies were the brats and
offspring of two contrary ladiions. South.

Brava'do. n. /. [from bra<vada, Span.]
A boaft ; a brag.

Spain, to make good the bravado,
Names it the in-.inciblc Armado. Anonymous.

BRAVE, adj. [braw, Fr.]

1 . Courageous ; daring ; bold ; generous ;
high-fpirited.

An Egyptian foothfaycr made Antonius believe,
that his genius, which otlierways was brave and
confident, was, in the pretence of Odtavius Caefar,
poor and cowardly. Bacon.

From armed fees to bring a royal prize.
Shows your b^O've heart viilorious as your eyes.

IVaUcr.

2. Gallant ; having a noble mien 5 lofty ;
graceful.

I'll prove the prettier fellow of the two,
And wear my dagger with a travcr grace. Shak.

3. Magnificent ; grand.

Rings put upon his fingers,
And brave attendants near him, when he wakes ;
Would not the beggar then forget himfelf? Siat.

But whofoe'er it was nature dcfign'd
Firll a ^ri.v« place, and then as brave a mind.

Denbam.

4. Excellent ; noble : it is an indetermi-
nate word, ufed to .exprefs the fupera-
bundancc of any valuable quality in
men or things.

Let not old age difgracc my high defirc,
O heavenly foul, in human Ihapc contain'd !
Old wood inflim'd doth yield the bravc/f fire,
When younger doth in fmokc his virtue fpend.

Sidney.

If there be iron ore, and mills, iron is a brave
commodity where wood aboundeth. Bacon.

If a ftatefman has not this«fcience, he muft
be fubjcft to a brai'cr man tiian himfelf, whofe
province it is t<) dire ^ all his anions to this end.

Viz'-y
Brave, n. /. [brat-e, Fr.]

1. A heftor ; a man daring beyond decen-
cy or difcretion.

Hot braves, like that, may fight, but know not
well
To manage this, the laft great (lake. Dryden.

Mofat '5 too infolent, too much a Iravi,
His courage to his envy is a Have. Orydcn.

2. A boaft ; a challenge ; a defiance.

There end thy bra-ve, and turn thy face in peace i
We grant tlwu canft outfcold us. Shakcfpeare.

To Brave, t). a. [from the noun ]

1 . To defy ; to challenge ; to fet at de-
fiance.

He upbraids lago, that he made him
Brave me upo-i the watch. Shahff>care.

My nobles leave me, and my (late is bravd,
Ev'n at n>y gates, with ranks of foreign powers.

ShakiJ^eare.

The ills of love, not thofe of fate, I fear ;
Thefc I can brave, but thofe I cannot bear. Dryd.

Like a rock unmov'd, a rock that brjvjs
"^hc raging tepipell, and the riling w-avcs. Dryden.

2. To carry a boading appearance of.

Both particular pcrfons and fa^ions arc apt
enough to flatter themfeivcs, or, at leafl, to breve
that which they believe not. Bacon.

Bra'vely. ad'v. [from bra've.] In a
br%ve manner; courageoufly ; gallant-
ly ; fplendidly.

Martin Swart, with his Germans, performed
bravely. Bacon.

No lire, nor foe, nor fate, nor night.
The Trojan hero did affright.
Who bravely twice renew'd the light. Denham,

Your valour bravely did th' affault fuftain,
And fiU'd the motes and ditches with the (lain.

Drjdin,
Bra'verv. n./. [from braoje.]
I . Courage ; magnanimity ; generofity ;
gallantry.

It denotes no great bravery of mind, to do that
out of a dcfire of fame, which wc could not be
prompted to by a generous palllon for the glory of
him that made us. * SpeBator*

Juba, to all the bravery of a hero.
Adds fofteft love, and more than female fweetnefs,

Add'fon.

z. Splendour ; magnificence.

■Where all the bravery that eye may fee.
And all the happincfs that heart dcfire,
Is to be found. Spenfcr,

3. Show; oilentation.

Let princes choofe minifters more fenfiblc of
duty than of riling, and fuch as love bufinefs, ra-
ther upon confcicnce than upon bravery. Bacon,

4. Bravado ; boaft.

Never 'could man, with more unmanlike bra-
very, ufe his tongue to her difgrace, which lately
had fung fonnets of her praifes. Sidney,

For a bravery upon this occafion of power, they
crowned their new king in the cathedral church of
Dublin. Bacon,

There are thofe that make it a point cf bra-
very, to bid defiance to the (ra:Ics of divine reve.
lation. VEftrange,

Bra'vo. n.f. [bra-vo, Ital.j A man who
murders for hire.

For boldncfs, like the bravoes and banditti, is
feldom employed, but upon dcfperate fcrvices.

Government of the Tongue*
No bravoes here profefs the bloody trade.
Nor is the church the murd'rer's refuge madc-

Gcy,

To BRAWL. <v. n. \_brouiIler, or braukr,

^'■■]

1. To quarrel noifily and indecently.

She troubled was, alas ! that it might be.
With tti'ious, hraiulings of her parents dear. Sidney,

Here comes a man of comfort, whofe*3dvicc
Hath often ftiU'd my bratvling difcontent. Stai,

How now ? Sir John ! what, are you bratttFing
here ?
Docs this become your place, your time, your bufi-
nefs ? , Shakefpeare's Henry IV.

Their batt'ring cannon charged to the mouths.
Till their foul-fearing clamours have bratvl'ddowa
The flinty ribs of this contemptuous city. Shak,

in council ihc gives licence to her tongue.
Loquacious, brati'ling, ever in th^ wrong. Dryden.

Leave all noify coutefts, all immodeil clamours,
ij-aiu/iw^ language, and efpcclally all pcrfonal fcan-
dal and fcurrility, to the meaneft part of the vulgar
world. H^atli.

2. To fpeak loud and indecently.

His divifions, as the times <io brawl.
Are in three heads ; one pow'r againll the French,
And one againft Glendowcr. Sbakefpeare,

3. To make a noife. This is little ufed.

As he lay along
Under an oak, whofe antique root peeps out
Upon the brook that bra-wls along this wood. Shah,

Bkawl. n./. [from the verb.] Quarrel;
noife ; fcurrility.

He findcth, that controrerfies thereby arc mads
but braivls ; and therefore wilheth, that, in fomJ
lawful ad'embly of churches, all thefc ftrifcs may
be decided. Hooker,

Never fince that middle fummcr's fpring
Met wc on hill, in dale, forcft-, or mead,
But with thy bratvts thou hall difturb'd our fpott.

Sbakefpeare..
F f • That

BRA

Th»t bonnm is an anlnislj
MiJe good wuh llout iDlcmick hratv!. TfaMres.

Bra'wler. »./. [from ^ivm'/.] Awrang-
•Icr ; a quarr elfome, noify fellow. "

An advocate may incur the cenfute of the court,
for being tbraivkr in court, on pur(>ofe ti> lengthen
out the caufe. Aylifff.

BRAWN. »./ [of uncertain etymology.]

1. The flelhy er mufculous part of the
body.

The brawn of the arm tcm\ appear full, (h.i-
liowed on one Cdej tiica fliew tiic wiiiKbone
thereof. Piacham.

Bat moft theirlooks on the black monarch bend,
His fifing mulcles and his irawB commend j
His double biting ax, and beamy fpcar,
■ Each afking a gigantick force to rear. Dryden.

2. The arm, fo called for its being muf-
culous.

J'll hide my filver beard in a gold beaver,
And in my vantbracc put thiswichcr'd bratvn.

' . ^ Staktjfcrc,

I had purpoie
Once more to hew thy target from thy kraien.

• Shaiclfeare.

3. Balk; mufcular ftrength.

The boift'rous hasds are then of ufo, when I,
With this dircfling head, thnfe hands apply ;
Braicn without brain is thli:e. DryJeti.

4.. The ilefh of a boar.

The bi-ft age for thetoar is fro.Ti two to five
' Jeats, at which time it is bed to geld him, or fcil
■ 'film for bratvn, Ahrtimer.

5. A boar.

Bra'wner. n.yl [from^-«w».] A boar
killed for the table.

At Chrirtmas time be careful of your fame.
See the old tenant's table be the fame ;
Then if you would fend up ihcbraivr.er head,
Sweet roicmary and bays around it tpre.id. ^'"S*
Bra'wniness. »./ [from irarvfiji, ]
Strength ; hardnefs.

This bramninejs ani infenfibility of mind, is the
beft armour againft the common evils and acci-
dents of life. Lmkc.
Bra'vvny. adj. [from brazvn.'\ Mufcu-
lous ; flelhy; bulky; of great mufclcs
and llrength.

The irazony fool, who did his vigour biad,
la that prefuming confidence was loll. DryJcn.

The native energy
Turn* all into the fubftancc of the tree,
S:arves and de.ltoys tlie fruit, is only made
For brJivny bulk, and for a barren (hade. IJryilcn.

To BRAY. I", a. [bpacan. Sax. hraier,
Fr.] To pound, or grind fmall.

I'll burft him ; I will iray
His bones as in a mortar. Chapman.

Except you wou'.d bray Chriftendom in a mortu,
and mould it into a new parte, there is no polTibi-
Mty of a holy war. Bacm.

To Br AY. f. n. [iroire, Fr. barrio, Lat.]

1. To make a noife as an afs.

Laugh, and they

Return it 1 -uder than an afs can bray. Dryicr.,

'Agad if he Ibould hear the lion roar, he'd

cudgel him into an afs, and, to bis primitive Iray-

ing. Congrfve^

2. To make an offenfive, harlh, or difa-
greeable noifcj

What, (h»U our feaft b« kept with flaughter'd
, oien^' , . : I

Shall Irayhe trumpets, and loud churlilh drum;,
Clamours of hell, be meafurcs to our pomp? Siai.

Arms on armour clalhing, bray'il
H.)rriWe difcord. Milun.

Brav. >;./. [from the verb.]
• Voice of an afs.
i. Harlh found.

B R E

Boift'rous untun'd drums.
And harflj refounding trumpets dreadful bray.

Sttkiheerc,
BRA'yER. n. /, [from iray.'\

1. One that brays like an afs. ; '

Hold ! cr.ed the queen ; a cat-&aU ejich fliall
win ;
Equal your merits, equal is your din !
But, that this well-difputed game may end,
Sound forth, my irayers! and the welkin rend.

Pefe.

2. [With printers ; from Tc hrny, or beat.l
An inftrument to temper the ink.

To Braze, "v. a. [from braj's.']

1 . To folder with brafs.

If the nut be not to be call in brafs, but only
hath a worm brazed into it, this nicencfs is not fo
abfolutely neceffary, bccaufe that worm is firft
turned up, and bowcJ into the grnives of the fpin-
dle ; and you may tiy that before it is braze,! ip
the nut. Mi-xcn.

2. To harden to impudence.

I have fo often bluflied to acknowledge him,
that now 1 am lirax'J to it. Stattfi, King Lear,

If damned ciiftom hath not b'raz'J it fo.
That it is proof and bulwark againft fenfe. Siak.
Bra'zen. at/J. [from brafs.']

1. Made of brafs. It was anciently and
properly written brafen.

Get alfo a fmall pair oi brazin compalTes, and a
fine ruler, for taking the diftance. Pe^icham.

A bough his brazen helmet did fuftain ;
His heavier arms lay fcatter'd on the pl.iin. Dryd.

2. Proceeding from brafs : a poetical ule.

Trumpeters,
With brazen din bbft you the cit)''s ear,
Make mingle with your rattling tabourines. Shai
Impudent.

B R E

,4. The violation of a law or cpntraft. .^^

That uath. would fure contain them grc.iOy, «».
thiB*i»-*f/i of it bring ihem to fliorter vengeanc*. i
,;••'■.,'! • / . , - • ., ■ . . Sfnjir.

Whit fir« thofe brtachei of (he Uw.of nature and
liations, wliicli do foifeit all right in a nation to-

g!vern !

Bacon.

3

'7e Bra'zen. w.n. To be impudent j to

bully.

Wlien I reprimanded him for his tricks, he
would talk fiu-ily, lye, and brazen'tx. out, as if he
had done nothing amifs. Arbutbncl,

Bra'zenface. ?/. /. [from bra.%i.n and
face.] An impudent wench : in low
language.

You do, if you fufpcft me in any diflionefty. —
Will faid, irflWff/Jrir J hold it out. Shakrjftare.

Bra'zenfaced. adj. [ from braxcnface. ]
Impudent ; fhamelefs.

What a braxafaced varlet art" .thou, to deny
tV)U krtoweft me ? Is it two days ago, fince I tript
up thy heels, and beat thee before the king ?

Shaiif^fare.

Quick-witted, braxtnfac'd, with fluent tongues,
Paiient of labours, and diffembling wronri. Dryd.

Bra'zenness. n./. [from braxen.]

1. Appearance like brafs.

2. Impudence.

Bra'zier. »./ SeeBRAsrER.

The halfpence and farthings in England, if you

(hciuld fell them to the brazier, you would not lofe

above a penny in a (hilling. Umifi.

Breach. »./ [irctm breai ; breche, Fr.]

1 . The aft of breaking any thing.

■ This tempeft
D ifliing the garment of t^is peace, aboded
The fuJden triach on't. ' Staiejftari.

2. Th? fta?e of being broken.

, , , O y ju kind gods !,
Cure this great irea.h in his ahufod n.iture. Skji.

3. A gap in a fortification made by a
battery. ■ : i' - , ■ *■■ ■/■• • -

The wall was bhwti upiti twophct* } by v»hich
hch the Turks feeking" to have entered, made

brh

Knolku

bloody fight.

Till mad wifii rags upon Jthe hr'ach he fir'd.
Slew friends- and foes, and in tlje iidoke retired.

Breieb of duty towards our neighbours, ftill in-
volves in it a irwriof duty towards God. South.

The laws of the ^ofptl arc the only ftanding
rules of morality j aad the penalties affixed by
God to xht breach of thofc laws, the only guards
that can eft'cclually relirain mfn within th': true
bounds of decency and virtoc. Rigers*

J. The opening in a cball.

But th' heedful boatman ftrongly forth did
ftretch
His brawny arms, and all his bidy ftrain ;

That th' utmoft fandy breach they fhortly feCch^
While the dread danger does behind remain.

Sptnfer.

6. Difference; quarrel ; feparation ' of
kindriefs. ' ' ,'"

It would have' been -long fcfefore the jealoufies
and i-Kflfirt between the armies would have bten
compofed* Clarendon.

7. Infraftion ; injury.

Tills breach upon kingly power was wicl«5ut
precedent. Clarendon.

BREAD. «./ [bpiob, Saxon.]
.. Food made of ground corn.

Mankind have found the me:ins to make grairt

into bread, the lighteft and propcreft ailment fur

- human bodies.. Jirbuthcot.

Bread, that decaying man with ftrength fupplics ;

And generous wine, which thoughtful forrow flics.

Pope.

I. Food in general, fuch as nature re-
quires : to get bread, implies, to get
fufiicient for fupport without luxury.

In the fweat of thy face /halt tliou eat bread.

GenijU.

If pretenders were not fiipperted by the fimpii-
city of the inqv.ifitive fools, the trade would rot
find them bread. VEpange.

This dowager, on whom my tal? 1 found,
A fimple fober life in patience led.
And had but juil enough tj buy her bread. Dryd

When I fubtnit to fuch iadigmtics.
Make me a citizen, a fenator of Rome;
To fell my country, with my Voice, for irc-d.

Philips.

I neither have been bred a fcholar, a foldier,
nor to any kind of bufinefs ; this creates uneafiiieis
in lov mind, fearing I ihall in time want bread.

S/^eflatcr.

3. Support of life at large.

God is pleafed to try our patience by the in-
gratitude of tfiofe who, having eaten of our bread,
have lift up themfelvcs againft us. ATwi; Cbaria.
But fjnictimes virtue ftarves, while lice is fed ;
What thert .' is the reward of virtue bread f Pope.
BREAD-cnrP?ER. v.f. [from bread mdi
chip.] One that chips bread ; a baker's
fervant ; an under butler.

No abufe, H.d, on my honour; no abufc.— —
•N-it to difpraife me, and call mc pantler, and
tread-ehipper, an.l 1 know not v/hat i Sialfpeiire.

Bread-corn. »./ [from ^rt^^/ an J ;»/■«.]
Corn of which bread is made.

Tht re was not one drop of beer in the town ;
iSe bread, and bread-corn, fuffic.-d not for fi.t
days. Hayward.

When it is ripe they gather it, and, biuifing
it among ifead-corn, they put i: up into a ve:icl,
and k«ep it as food for their flavcs. Sroon,c.

Bread-room. n.f. [In a (hip.] Apart
of the hold feparatcd by a bulk-head
from the reft, where the bread and bif-
cuit for tUe men are kept.

Breadth.

B R E

Breadth, n.f. [from bpab, broad, Sax-
on.] The meafure of any plain fuper-
iicies from fide to fide.

There is, in T'cimim, a church that hstli
w'.odoMiS only from .ib ve; it is in length an
bundrmi feet, in bretjf* twenty, and in hei^h:
near fiftj- ; hjving a dojr in tlie midft. B^ccn.
The river Ganges, according unto later icla-
t'ons, if not in l;ngth, yet in oriadlb and deptli.

mjy excel it.

Brt/wrl.

Then »l! approach the (lain with vaft furprize,
Admire on what a triaJih of earth he lies. Dyd.
In our G-.thick cathedrals, the narrownels of
the arch makes it rife in height j the I-^nnefs
opens it in lreiid:h* j^Jif^Jan,

To BREAK, o). a. pret. I broke, or brcde ;
part. paff. broke, or broken, [bfieccan,
tjaxon.]

1. To part by violence.

When I trite the five loaves among five thou-
fand, how many bafluts of fragments took ye ap ?

Mark.

Let us hfeak thc'r bands afunder. and caft away

their cnrds from us. Pjalmi.

A bruifcd reed ihall he not break, Ijaiab*

Sef , faid the fire, how foon 'tis done j
The fticks he then inie one fcy one :
So ftroag you'll be, in f.iendniip tied}
So quickly broke, if you divide. S'zviji.

2. To burft, or open by force.

O could we i^rcjk our way by force 1 AUhm.

Mote tell us, that the fountains of the eaj Ji
were bicke open, or clove afunUcr. Burnetii Thtcry,

Into n".y hand he forc'd the tempting g'/ld,
Whiiel with mode(lftruf,glingirij«'chl'i holJ. Gay.

3. To pierce ; to divide, as light divides
darknefs.

By a dim winking lamp, which feeb'.y brzU
Tlie gloomy vapour, he lay ftretcb'd aiong. J)ryi/.

4. T» deilroy by violence.

This is the fabtick, which, when Gcd brialiiL
down, none can build up again. Burrtt^s Theory.

5. To batter ; to make breaches or gaps
in.

I'd give bay Curta!, and his furniture.
My roouth no .-nore were broken than thefe boys.
And w:it at little Rtard. Shakt/feart,

6. To crnih or deftroy the ftrength of the
body.

O father abbot !
An old man, bnlen with the flormt of ftatc,
Is come to lay his weary b-jnes amon^ ye;
Ci« him a little earth for charity. Shakeffiare.

The bre.iking of that parliament
Brcke him; as that diih-incft vifloiy
At Charronta, fatal tj liberty,
Kiird with report that old man elo(;uent. Milron.
Have not fome of hit vices wcakcn'd h'.s bjdy,
and i>rokt hi» health I have not others diflipated
his eftate, and reduced him to want ? Tilieijin.

7. To fink or appal the fpirit.

The defeat of that day was much greater than
it then appeared to be; and it even broke the heart
of his army. Clarendon.

I'll brave her to her face ;
I'll give my anjer its free courfe againd htr:
Thou flialt fee, Phosnix, how I'll brtak her pride.

Piil:l>.,

8. Tocra.Ti; to Ciatter.

Your hopcj wiihuuc arc vanlOi'd into frnokc ;
Yi ur captains lak^n, and yiur armie . broke. Dry J.

9. To weaken tlje mental faculties.

Oppicft niture flctps:
This refl mi^ht ;et have balm'a ihyirB^ra ferf;^!,.
Which, if c'.r.vrniency will not allow.
Stand ir. hard cure. Sbakrfftcre.

U any cabbter in poetry darei venture upon the
experiment, i-.r v«ill on.y buak his brains, helton.

10. To tame ; to tram to obedience ; to
enure to dotiiity.

What boots ;t to Inak a colt, a..d to let him
ftfs'^ht run icole at undom! !>j^ir,j<r.

B R E

Whyt!icu thou can'ft not break hei to tl-.elute.—
Whv, no i for Ae hath br^ie the In e to mc. Sbak.

So fed before he 's irch, he 'il bear
Too great a ftomach patiently to feel
The !a:h;ng wii p.orche-.v the curbing fteel. M.iy-

That hot-miuth'd bead that bears igainft the
curb,
Hard to be iroien even by lawful kings. DryJeti-

No fports hue what belong to v.\u they know,
To break the ftubborn colt, t.) bend the bow. Dry J.

Virtues like thefe
Make human nature Aine, reform the foul.
And break our fierce barbarians intomen. yiddifin.

Behold young Juba, the Numidian prince,
With how much care he lorms hinifelf to glory,
And breaks the fiercenefs of his native temper!

Md'fin.

11. To make bankrupt.
The king's grown bankrupt, like a hroken man.

ahakejpeare.

For this few know themfelves T for inercliwts

broke

View theireftate with difcontentand pain. Davits.

With arts like thef? rich Matho, when he fpeaks,

Attrafls all fees, and little lawyers breaks. DryJtr..

A command or call to b? liberal, all of a fudden

impoveriOies the rich, breaks the merchant, and

ihuts up every private man's exchequer. Soittb.

12. To dilcard ; to difmifs.

I fee a great officer broken. Stv'iff.

13. To crack or open the flcin, fo as that
the blood comes.

She could have run and waddled all about, even
the day before /he broke her brow ; and then my
hulbmd took up the child. Shakiffcare.

W:ak fiul ! and blindly to deftruflion led:
She break her heart ! ihe'U fooncr break your head.

Drydcn.

14. To make a ftvelling Or impofthumc
open.

15. To violate a contraft or promife.

Lovers break not hours,
Unlefs it be to come bcfnre ihcir time. Shakff>.

Pardon this fault, and by my foul I fwcar,
I never more will break an rath with thee. Shak.

Did not out worthies of the houfe,
Bcf ire tliey brcke the peace, bieak vows .' Hud'ibras.

16. To infringe a law.

Unhappy man ! to break the pious laws
Of natuiT, pleading in his children's caufe. Dryd.

17. To Hop ; to. make ceafe.

Break iheir talk, miifrcfi Quickly; my kinf-
man fhall fpeak for Eimf-lf. Stakeffeare.

18. To intercept.

Spirit of wine, mingled with common water,
yet (o as if the firiV fall bs i/ :!<■», !>y means o(
a fop, or otherwife, it ftayeth above. Bacon.

Think not my fenfe of virtue is fo fmall ;
I'll rather Isap down fitft, and break your fall.

Dryden.

As one condemned to leap a precipice.
Who fees before bis eyes the depth below,
Stof! (hort, and looks about for fome kind flirub,
'I'o Lreak his dreadful fall. Dryden.

She held my hand, the deftin'd blow to break,
Then from her tofj lips bi-g m to fpcak. D<ydcn.

19. To interrupt.

Some folitary cluifter will I choofe,
Co;rre my attire, and Ihort fliall be my (Isep,
Br lie by the melancholy midnight bell. Dryden. ,

The fatlicr wai fO moved, that he could only
command his voice, broke with fighs and fjbbin^s,
fo far »a to bid lier proc-ed. Addijan.

The p-)0r (hade (biv'ring ftands, and mull not
br.ik
His painful filente, till the mortal fpeak. Tiekell.

Sometimei in brcken words he ligh'd his care,
Look'd pale, and trcmbkd, when he vicw'd th?
fair. Gay.

20. To feparate company.

Did tu)t Paul ami Barnabas difpute with that
vehemence, that they were forced to brtak com-
pany ? Arn-bury.

BR E

21. To JliTolve any union.

It is great folly, as well as injuftic", to iri-.i*
oi>*fo noble a relation. C'Jiler.

22. To reform : with of.
The French were not quite broken 0/ it, until

feme time after they bccai-nc Chriilians. Grew*

23. To open fomething new ; to pro-
pourtd fomething by an overture : as if
a leal were opened.

When any new thing (hall be propounded, no
counlVllcr ihould uiddenly deliver any po(iti\'C opi-
nion, but only hear it,- and, at the moft, but ta
break it, at fir!>, that it may be the better undcr-
ftjod at the next meeting;. Baccn.

1, who much dcfir'd to know
Of whence (he was, yet fearful ho*,v to break
My niind,adventur'd humblythus to fpeak. Dryd.

24. To break the back. To llrain or diflo-
cate the vertebrx with too heavy bur-
dens.

I'd rather crack my finews, break my back,
Than you Ihould fuch difhonour undergo. Shak.

25. To break the back. To difable one's
fortune.

Q many
Have broke their backs with laying manors on 'em.
For this great journey. Sbakefprare.

26. To break a deer. To cut it up at table.

27. To break faji. To eat the iiril time
in tlie day.

28. To break ground. To plough.
When the price of corn fallcth, men generally

give over furplus tillage, and b^eak no more grour.d

than will ferve to fupply their own turn. Carciu.

Th= hiilb.indman muft fiiftirirfl/! the land, before

it be made capable of good feed. Dat'ls.

29. To break ground. To open trenches.

30. To break the heart. To deftroy \vith
grief.

G iol ray lord, enter here. •

— W.U 't break my heart?

I'd ravhcr break mine v^vn. Shakefpeare*

Should not all relations bear"a part ?
It were cnnugh to break a Jingle heart. Dryden.

3 1. To break a jeft. To utter a jefl unex-
pefted.

32. To break the neck. To lux, or put out
the neck joints.

I had as lief thou dldll break his neck, as his
fingers. Shakejpeare.

33. To break off. To put a fudden ftop ;
to interrupt.

34. To break off. To preclude by fome
obllacle fuddenly interpofed.

To check the itarts and (allies of the foul.
And break off M its c-jmmerce with the tongue.

Add:{or.:

35. To break up. To diflblve ; to put a
fudden "end to.

Who canmt reft till he good fellows (5nd ;
He breaks uf houfe, turns out of doors his mind.

Herbert.

He threatened, that the tradefmen would beat
out his teeth, if he did not retire, and break up the
meeting. Arbuihnot.

36. Tt break up. To open ; to lay open.
SlioUs being lodged amongft mineral matter,

when this co-ncs to be broke »/•, it exhibits im-
ptclTiins of tlie (hcIU. JVocdioard.

37. To break up. To feparate or dilband.
Alter taking the ftrong city of Belgrade, Soly-

man, returning to Confiantinople, broke up his
aimy, and there lay ftiU the whole year following.

Knollet,

38. To break upon the ivheel. To punifh
by ftrctching a criminal upon tl\e wheel,
and breaking his bones with bats.

39. To break injind. To give vent to wind
in the body.

To

SRB

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MM^M^w^w^ 111* .

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k'sar twk^Qi^kK^htwit**

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«»^T^ftt«st$ «»Wfiiwit«»

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lilt Jim i^^iw >»Ht

JtalMHi^ «MM « vkMWK |hl)»

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«4* wqt ite* vkw :Ad£ •»-

^«A«>»^ l^Mlimilty.

*-■ -

f^i-iirtfiJ-^i-

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D R E

Invtni funic >) I piclontt

To jlrnfl wi/i n. firm, Viyim-

t6. h in to be ohfcrved of titii •xtcnfivc
ami prrjilexcd ■vtib, th«t in nil iti (ij{-
iiiltciiiioiis, wlicth«r tt^ivt or muirnl, il
h.ti fome rcftTciK'o to it» primiiii'f
ni<Miiin>;, hy iniplyiii); riilicr ilrcriinctit,
liKlJcniicb, viiilriitr, i)r li'^t wntioit. 1(
is ulcd oltrn with uJJitioiinl partklri,
*/>, <)«/, in, tiff, forth, to modify iti fijj
nirication.
BmiAK. «f./. [from the verb.]
I. Si:ite orbeiii); Tiroken i openinjt-

y'Kini ilw />r/ii> /I Jay until iiuun, llio rniiiMi

B R E

of llx-

.'.:|. *-"./.'.'

\m ,

! hrttk of day, tlir i< '

M ■.. 1

, , , (orlli WHioiiK. ''■ '

' t>r 6,imn it'im lit, aiitl wlih'iui

/.

il tlir mi!ti-l>l'y of llnft, DiyilfM,

.Jill i< not

1

/'/f#iif and

"1" > '

, uir ..,...>! ^ Ml ..(..• .-. ^M.M.l It. AJHIJMI,

A paufe ; an interruption.

A 1)1

A line drawn^ noting that the fenfe ifi
fufpcnded.

Ml miMlrrn tralh It

Siulfi

3

All miMlrrn trafli U
S't Tarth witli num'rjui kriakt ind ilalliXi

BitE'Aiciiii. «./ [from ^r/ai(.]
I. He that breaki any thing.

Cardmal, III be no iiiahir n\ ili< law. Sliti,
U Ilw church*! wcia nut «in|il'i)rcd t<i b< pla'fi

to hear Ocxl'i law, ihare would li« nod of limn.

to b< prifoni (or lh( irttttri u( tli* Uwi of inm,

t. A wave broken by rockier r>ndbanki :

a term ol navigation,
Ta Baa'AKfAtr. v. a, [from I'fmk and

f'ljl.] To eat the firrt meal in the day.

Ai Toon a* Phwl. , ,

Pirrt, Sir, I rear), ,, pritr,

Baa'AKfAiT. n. J. i^ii.xii .11^, «cib.]
I. The ftrft meal in the day.

Th' -tikr wa< ttirtatjuji, (b< lift of hit rr
pal), in tl< 1 wofM. Wtllai.

X. 'I he tiling eaten ae the firll meal.

Hof€ M a foo4 krtttj»p, b«t It 1« a k«4 fup-

p«r. 4«/M.

A K>y>d pi'M of kMa4 wovU ht •Am th« l>>ri
triakfa/l t .r mjymiaf rntttm, Ltit/.

'if food in general.

UAxti hy t T'ln^ry linn,

, mi 4' I'll,
I ;rfr».

B». ...*.]

/' ine neck it broken ( a

1' ^ , ^ . ii.igering ihe B«ck.

Ihm*
9nt<»kt 'tc T/nrf ; l« «• '■ w •«, i* ttruin
To m^ ■ ihghfbtsf.

Bait'A/ . «. /. [ffOm Brta* *t\i

fromitt.] One tlMU aukc* a practice of
brcaicMf Ma prMUft.

I trill dCMb ;•• iM aMt arixWeri irut/^t-
mfy Mid tfw <«•• fcMlOW Ivrrr. Utttff'"-

it f Arrow ' i' " ' ' r'tii Mndve^.]
Me i)a' ; ich of tow*.

'IImI #»it b'tat'^^rvi, I-* v.Ji wfitf of all.

Of Jdaf^ •/ kfffaM, «M *aM, f«Mf aMm mai^ -. ■

Bicam. *. /, (^Mw, fr, tjprinui Itiiui,
\m.\ 'JIm mm «f a AOi.

7 " ivtfaa, »•!»( a* (•» (fMrdt, t< t l*r(( fi ')> ,

Utk t» faM !• yoiMi. fUkf kf Oifinr, twkm u,
W aMM •<#«••( dtM wt»i(WMH. tU U ^mt '"»
fMalncf t«i >a»«<« mmthfif in a maw iImi
ftafo Mf aatf i« aMay fMW A> M a* (• vrar-

I.

1. 1

lu. ki
li'inif,
I'l ha

l"K« ■

.\

\'
\ .

"•')'

n); ni'iuthi twn laii ol tiiitli, and a loaliiii
III hKl|> liii irrliidait. Tha mala l> ukliitnl
r ' 'III, and III* (Vniair l«u Liigr

<-■• ' ■' - .1- t,.(|ii,

IJKEAST. »./ [bneojT, Snxon.]
I, 'I'hv middle p.iri of the tiumun body,
between ilii* link and the belly.

Nil, Itaylt'lil aiigrv LoVf ii>|illi<<,
fchv'a hid r'iiin«'<'h«'<' hIviiii ihy in^^ |

A . ■ ■•: ; I, ,,!„,,

I I I. frlir.

i, ■] Ik- iliiK 1/1 t.Mn ui women which
contain ilir milk,

'1 hry pluck ilia latharlf fi tiem ika Ar/rf/,

7»/., <aiv, 9,

3. Drcall wai anciently taken for the power
of finginir.

Thi- hatlar tre0jl,
TI..I Inlhi ir(l. Tuf) tf Smplni; ll,,y,.

4. I'he pnrt of n brenll that li under ihc
neck, between the furcle((«>

5. The diTpofition of the mind,

1 n»l by waiili, or fiart, ur aga niiiirrfl,
%trm »h» ^¥l|.| forimt w'.lh a daiiiillal, irM_/i. I)ry,l,

6. 'I ' ; the confcience.

wiiiifii law, wh*f» nun* iiiiiiraft \
'I hr 1 1 » I I nan waa wrilun In lila hmH^

tJtiii OvIJ,

7. Thef-'- -' ■' •• :■ f;
Il I

Urji

mi.

(.•d,
, i„,.,fi.

i iiii

A fir wajil.

■wit

7'« RatAir. 1/,*. [from »1. r<>

meetinfroi' "rfltiubicall.

Draw lli» hug' ' I. Jill ill* furrow'd (ai,

llru/lmg ill* i"i i< ,V/,(«///.»,/)-/ I //,»r/ V,

'I ;• I,... 1. .'.*il«
Jiritfli ih» k»»(i alf, and carult aa da |/i»i. ("/»/<'/.

Bai'atTaowt. n, /. (from ^rM// and
lit)Hi.\ 'I'he bona of th« brcalt \ the Aer-
num.

'I he MIy Aail Im amlrMUt, ky A*d«w1»( th<
Aa«tk, •n4 aadtf Itw krti^hint, Vitiium.

Bat'A»TCA*K«T. H. f. (from //r/a// and
tpfitiA With marinera, the targefl and
longencafkett, which are afort r/f liringi
placed in the middle of the yard.

Baa'AtTfAtT. n.f. {from irta/l tit\A/a/l,'\
In a (hip, a rope faftened to fomc part
of her f/irward on, to jiobl h«r hea^ to
a warp, or th« like. Harrli.

Ba «'a«t M o H. aJi, [from briaft and higb,^
Up to the breau.

7 h'. ri'tr irdif (avt way Mila bar, (» lltal Am
wit Arai^hC kriajthirh. MitiiUf,

Lay RMiam FMtMt kaAi«( in tha (an,
Brufbifh la {Mkf. OrjilinU fatlii,

Bac'A«THOoie«. *. / [from triafl mA
hctk.^ With Ihipwrightt, tba compafling
timbcra bdbre, diM b«lp to ftrcMftbcD
the ten, sad all the Ibrafan of lb* flrfp.

Harm.

Bat'AiTKirOT. u. /, [from A-/^ and
kii')t.'\ A knot ot bflitck of nbbMd*
worn by women on the breaA.

Ow la^ h*>* 0Kt fttMf Iti ow mm haarta (
wlw «•« •« aatlMM fa «fc« fan* anttwwanwt*

T^ R R

lln f'AHTrt A I », M, y, (Irom ^ivij/* nml
/t/rti0, ] Armour liir the breall.

WhaUliiin(ri^iM^>/iiiriliiin K II inlf

'I'hiUa II lit aini'il, (Imi lialli hi. '

■ r '"'•

'Oalnll flilald, lirlin, tii^fliUt, and, InAaail iil

I 111 Ik,

Mva fti«i|t liiiuntli rtiiiiii Auiii llii nHI kmnk li|

iiliola. titH'Irf,

Thin " '' I iiii(iliMi will iiflni* InMi Ilia

Dxld, aiii I .iiiiiilml iillhil, liid.ir hit

vlil iiiflv , i.iHild lia liiiiuiail, and lili

iiaiknd lii<ail|iiaia iiiandadi tiwl/l,

Uaii'A«> ri.oiioM. M. t. \ttttxn brtnfi Mini
f'liii&h.] A iiKniKh uleil liir pHiliig liiif,
diiven by the breall,

'I'hi krmJIfiliHit whltli a man Ihuvat ki>riiiw
lilm. Mtnimn'i

llaa'Atraopin. «, / [fiom />ifii/t nuA
n>ff.\ 111 a Oiip, thiile rojii!* whicli
fallen iho yanU in ilic puml^, and,
with the uarielt, hold ilio ynnla Inli
to the mail. Iliinh,

liaa'Aai WON K. n, /, \(tnm iitujl mid

•\uarh, J VVdihi iliiiiwn iiji 111 hli'Ji aa ih«

brrall nl the dvtf ndaiiii | tli« luiiie with

f mufti,

HU jiihii AnioyctH iiii /"i,f/lii'nh,»ni\mt4t a

rarliiiihi Im ilin fliifi'iii (Unttmliin,

IIRKATII,«,/; till -n,]

I, The air drawn iii xnil tja^tad CjUl of
lli« body by living nnlmnla,

Whiiliai ' '

Into ilia air 1 and wh

MalMd, at Iiri0lli, Inlu Ui<< winl. Umli, Minhlk,
a, Ufa,

N'l man flat nrnra C'inl«m|>l ihaa I iit luimh \
lliil wlfiio had Ikou lh« p'lW'i t'l gl«' ni> 'Ixaili^

Ihiilm,
y The Hate or power of \)t9»lh\iiu fittm
ly ( oopolrd to lli< Kwiillilun in wiiitil t
mill la Iirr4llil('l .

Al oilixf iiin'a, h' fh« tkaaa

Of Iwill wild b«ill<, lit lull III, riol a rM«,
'1 ' tiiliit' II" hmil', larft itiiid In »tim aaoA

liaadlul.
Or tilt, by witfllini, «» wag flrong ana kaadfid,

Ufinjir,
What la inw dilfiitM* 1 tyntU.m^
—I tm il art* in tin»ik, any lord. Uhut, King Lmri
tpariia'd, lak« hnib\ fiilM raf^lia I II tMWtff
My ta«lia it m»rt tAttn'itt* than y«u( fwinH,

Oaf fwAfdi (o wfwUy did rht tul** tniplity,
That efcay, at hmfrlii tr- " — ••? " •'■"•v/ ,
k^fiit'd ill* w'/rk *> '. I kiiuih,

Mtd« Unvmi and d«l;..

UijJuft /luriiig,
4. Refptte I paiifi* i relatail/m,

Oiv* DM i/>rri' ' 'la

Hafwt X^t^.H' i i(,

), brttttt moving Ail,

VtM all 0tft*ik<m, »t4 I'll aarxl Irt AmIc
CalM m4 mmilM m » Unuiia't (a«^
WKan rrait a brmh </ wiM Itkt »'*i im (■ntv,

6.A flufle aA ( an inA ant.

V*B muftt mip artd fmif, mt, \n * knath \
Sum C«f<a lA«lit a* 4itMti,Hf (t ' K,

Baf^ATHAat.a. ar^- [komti 4

may be breathed t «», hriuthuhu mi.
Tt Ba tAinu, v, ». {tfim lirtiiih.\
1. To draw in and th/r/w Mt tl»« air b-/
the lorrgf 1 to Sofpire an4 txjii".

H* ttUf*tunf4, IM ra«< *f

™9tf l# )H# wwWHm^ MIMSffi

tat him ^«#r(ir/ kaaMaa th* b««t^a« an4 aardia
At<ifa«(a»«i«A4h«ata »M.4M.tiidCli^.

B R E

3. To take breath ; to reft.

He pielcutly tbllowc-d the \id>ory fo hot upon
the Scots, that he fuftered them not to brieihe, or
gather tbemfelim together igain.

Sfrnjtr's Stall of Irelavd.
Three times they kreatb d, and chi-ee times iu\
tlicy drink.
Upon agreement. ShoHrfftari'i Hmry IVi,"

RcH, that gives all men life, gave him his death,
And too mnch trenit'mg put him out of bicath.

Mi'i:i>.

Wlien Fr»ncc ha* ir«fi't/ after inteftine broils,

And peace and concjiicll crowa'd her foreign toils.

Sojcimmon.

4. To pafs as air.

Shall I no: then be (iilleJ in the vault.
To whole t'oul mouth uo Ixilthfome air licatlit in,
And there be ftrangled ere nif Romeo comes ?

Staiffftart-

'To Breathe, f. a.

1. To infpire, or inhale into one's own bo-
dy, and ejett or expire out of it.

They wilh to live.
Their pains and poverty dclire to bear.
To view the light of heav'n, and breaiU the vital
air. Drfitn.

They here began to hreatht a moft delicious
kind of a-thcr, and faw all the fields about them
covered with a kind of purple light. latUr.

2. To inje£l by breathing : with into.

He brtathtd inlc us the breath of life, a vital
aflive fpirit; wljcfe motions, he cxpcil^, ibnuld
own the dignity of its orIgin:i!. Dec^j tf }''uiy.

] would be ycung, be bandfime, be beJuv'd,
Could I but bnvUr myielf inro Adrartus. Drydcn.

3. To expire; to ejeft by breathing:

with out. ■ i . • •

she is called, by ancient authors, tlic, tenth;
mufi i and by Plutarch is compared to Cius,'
t'.-.e fon of Vulcan, who brealbcd out noth^g but
ti.ime. i/i.vj((./.

4. Toexercife; to keep in breath.

Thy greyhounds are as iwift as bi tailed ftiigs.

5 . To infpire ; to move or aftuate by
bre.ith.

The a;tfjl youth proceed to form the q\;ire ;
. They brtatit ti>e flute, or ilrike lb; vucal wir?.

r.ier.

6. To exhale ; to fend out as breath.

His altar /';rt:f^£'J
Ambrofial odours, and ambrofial llow'rs.

Atiltan'i Paradijt Lijl.

■7. To utter privately.

I have tow'rd lieav'n breathed a fecrct vow,
■ To live in prayer and contemplation.

Shekej'feart' i Merchant of Vettke,

■8. T« give air or vent to.

'l";u icaJy cuic to cool the raging pain,
Js underneath the foot to bnaiht a vein.

Drydin'^s y'trgit,

Bre'ather. «./ [from hreathe.]

1. One that breathes, or lives.

She fhowB a body rarhcr than a life,
A (latue than a brejttrr, Shaktjp, /Int. and Cle^p.
I will chide no bi lather in the world but myfcif.

Staktffcare.

2. One that utters any thing.

No particular fcanUal once can Couch,
But it confounds the breather.

Slak.Jjeare's Mcufurefr Meafure.

3. Infpirer ; one that animates or infufes
by inspiration.

f be breather of all life does now expire :
His milder fatliet l'u;.inir>n$ him away. Norrii.
Brb'athino. «./ [from iretJt be.]
J. Afpiration ; fecrct prayer.

Willie tohigiiheav'n h\i pin^a brejtiingt t^irn'd.
Weeping he hop'd, and ficrificing mcurb* J. /*/-;(;.

3. Breathing place ; vent.

B R E

Thewirtnth diftends the chink«, and maket
New irwr/'in^i, whence new nouriOimeni (he takes.

Dryden.

Br f/athlfss. aetj. [from brepih.']

1. Out of breatlr i fpcnt with labour.

Well knew
The prince, with patience and fofferance fiy,
So hafty heat foon cooled to fubdue j
Tho' when he breathlrji wax, that battle 'gan rc-
ne^v. Fiiiry ^lueev.

I remember, when the figlit waj done.
When 1 was dry wilh raje and extreme toil,
Sreathi'efi, and faint, leaning upon my fworJ,
Came there a certain lord. Shaki'jMare't Henry 1 V.
Many fo drained thcmfelve': m their race, that
they fell down hreaihlefs and dead. Ilayward.

Bteaibleji and tir'd, is all my fnry fpent t
Or doct my glutted fpleen at length relent K

Vryder't ^re'td.

2. Dead.

Kneeling before this ruin of fweet life.
And bicathing to this brrathlefi cxceilence
The ir.cenic of 4 \ ow, a holy vow.

Shakrffeare's King John.

YielJinj 10 the fentenCL-, brcaihlefi thou
And pal? ihaltUc, as what thou burieft now. Prkr,'
Br En. partieip. paff. [from To breed.]

Tlicir malice was bred in *hem, and th^ij co^i
tition would never be changed. Ifn/dcm, xii. 10. ,
Bkede.. n.f. SeeBRAlB.

In a curious brede of needle-work, one colour
falls away by fuch juft degrees, and another rifts
fo iiifenlibly, that we fee the variety, wirilouc being
able to dil^ngui<h the total vanilhing of the .ne
fr.ini the lirft appcarrnce of the other. AdJij'on,

BREECH. II. J. [fuppofed from bpxcan.
Sax.]

1. The lower part of the body ; the back
'part.

When tlic king's pardon was oSered by a he-
r:!uld, a le\\d bjy turned towards him his naked
breech, and ufed words fuitable to that g<:!lure.

Ifaytvard.

The ftorks devour fnakes and other fcrpcnts ;
which when they begin to creep ojt at ihc'irbreule!,
they will prefjntly clajj then) clufe to a wall, to
keep them in. Crrtv^s Mujerum.

2. Breeches.

Ah ! th.Jt thy father hiJ been fi refolv'd 1 —
—That thou m'ghtlV ftill have wjrn tlie petticoat.
And ne'er had (luru the breech nom Laiii-aHcr.

Shakcjpeii't;

3. The hinder part of a piece of ordn.ince.

So cannons, when they mount vail pitches.
Are tun.blcd back upon tiicirii^.r/r.'. ylrnyiKous.

4. The hinder part of any thing.

ro Breech, -v. a. [from the noun.]

I. To put into breeches.

z. To lit any thing with a breech ; as, to
breech a gun.

BRE'tcHEs. n.f. [bpxcSax. from bracca,
an old Gaulifn word ; fo that Skinner
imagines the name of the part covered
with breeches, to be derived from that of
the garment. In this fenfe it has no
Jingitlar,]

1. The g.trment worn by men over the
lower part of the body.

rctnicliio is coming in a new hat and an old
Jerkin, and a pair of old br.echa, thrice turned.

ShakeJ'^ Tarfihg of the iihrttv.

Rough fatires, fly rema. ks, iU-naiur'd fpeeches.
Are always aira'd at poets that wear breeehu. Prior.

Give him a fingle coat to make, he'ddo't;
A veil or breeches, fing!y ; but the brute
Could ne'er contrive all three to make a fv.ir. Kip^.

2. To wear the breeches, is to ufurp the
authority of the hiilbands.

The wire of Xaiuhjs was domineering, as if
her fiirtune, anj her extratlion, had entitled her
to thii bnieUi. L'Ejtrerge.

B R r.

To BREED, v. a. prefer. I breJ, I have
brei/. [bpa;ban. Sax.]

1. To procreate; to generate; to produce
more of the fpecies.

None fi.-rcerln Numidia bred.
With Carthage were in triumph led. Kofcummcn.

2. To produce from one's felf.

Children would breed their teeth wilh lefs dan-
get. . Lieie.

3. To occafion ; to caafe ; to produce.

Thereat he roared for exceeding pain.
That to have heard, great hoirour would havt
Ind. Fairy 5Jp(f».

Our own heart; we know, but wc are not ce. um
what hope the rites and orders of oor church have
irrrf in the hems of others. HMer.

What hurt ill company, and overmuch liberry,
brcrdeih in youth ! jffchair't SchKhnaJter,

Intemperance and luft ir«<i infirmities and dif-
eafes, which, being propagated, Ipoil the ftrain of
a nation. " Tillahit.

4 . To contrive ; to hatch ; to plot.

My (on Edgar ! had he a hand to virite th!s?a
heart and brain to brttd it in ? ^hak. King hear.

5. To give birth to; to be the native
place : fo, there are breeding ponds, and
feeding ponds.

Mr. Harding, and the worthicft divine Chrif-
tendoni hath bred for the fjiacc of fomc hundreds
of years, were brought up together in the fame
univerlity. linker.

Hail, foreign wonder !
Whom certain tliefe rough ihades did never breed.

Milttn.

6. To educate; to form by education.

Whoe'er thou arl','wh6fe forward cars ate bent
On ftate affairs, to guide the government ;
Hear firft what Socrates of old has faid
To the lov'd yjuth wliom lie at Athens I red. Dryd.

To hrtid up the fon to common fciifc.
Is ever :rote the parent's \ci<\ cxpcnce. Dryd. Juv.

And left their pillagers, tT rapine bred.
Without confroul to ftrip md fpoil the dead. Dryd.

His farm may not remove his children too far
f;om him, or the trade he breedi them up in. Lake.

7. To bring up; to take care of from in-
fancy.

Ah wretched me ! by fates avcrfc decreed
To biing thoe forth w.th pain, with caie t) breed.

Dryd.n.

8. To condud through the firlt ftages of
life.

Bred np in grief, can pie afarc be our theme ?
Our cndlcfs anguilh docs not nature claim 'i
K: afon ard furrow are to uj the fame. Frier.
To Breed, 'u. n..

1 . To bring young.

Luc'na, it feems, was bretd^ng, as flie d'd nO-
t'rjing but entertain t^". company with a dil'courfe
upon the difficulty of reckoning to a day. Sjttfffto-.

2. To be increafed by a new prodl!^!^lon.

But could youth laft, and love fti:l breed ;
Had joys n9 date, and a^c RO need ;
Then thfC; delights my mind mij it move
To live with thee, and be thy love. Raleigh.

3. To be produced ; to have birth.

Where tl-.ey nioft bieed i.i.d liaunt, 1 have ob-
ferv'd.
The air is delicate. Shakeffeare'i Macletb.

There is a wjrm th^t brciauh 111 old fnow, and
dietli foon after it cometh f^i-t ci' the fnow.

Bn.-.n'i Aatural Uijloij.

The caterpillir is one of the moft general of

worms, and breedetb of Jew and leaies. Bacctu

It hath been the g(;neral ti-a\litron and belief,

that maggots and rlies breed in putrined carcafe^.

Bc,:i!.y.

4. To raife a breed.

In tlie choiec of l^vire, choofe fuch to breed of
as arc of long laigc bodies. Alirii/n.r.

Breed, n./. [from tiie verb.]

I. A caft; a kind; a fubdivifion of fpecies.

I bfmg

B R E

I bring you v/'itatfk),
Twice fifteen thoufand hearts of England's irerj.

Shakcfpeare.

The horfes were young and handfome, and of
the beft hnal in the north. Sbakefp. Henry VIII.

Walled towns, fto^d arfenals, and ordnance ;
alt this is but a fteep in a lion's /kin, except the
irtid and difpofition of the people be ftout and
warlike. Bacon's EJJhys.

Infefliou! ftreams of crowding fins began.
And thro* the fpurious breed and guilty nation ran.

Roj'ccmmin,

Rode fair Afcanius on a fiery flecd,
Queen Dido's gift, and of the Tyrian breed. Dryd.

t, A family ; a generation : in contempt.

A coufin of his laft wife's was prcpofcd j but
John would have no more of the breed,

Arhuihmt's Biftary of J. Bull.

3. Progeny; offspring.

If thou wilt lend this money, lend it not
As to thy friend ; for when did friendthip take
A breed of barren metal of his fiicnd ?

Shjkefjfreare's Merebant sf Venice,

4. A number produced at once ; a hatch.

She lays them in ihc faiid, where tiicy He till
they arc hatched j I'ometimes above an hundred at
3 breed, Grazu,

Bre'edbate. n.f. [from breedd,nA bate.'\
One that breeds quarrels j an incen-
diary.

An honeft, willing, kind fellow, as ever fcrvant
/hall come in houfe withal ; and, I warrant you,
no telltale, nor no breedbale.

Siaieffeare's Merry Wwei cf IVuidfir,
Bre'eder. «. y; [from breed.]

1 . That which produces any thing.

Time is the nurf^ and breeder t.i all good. Shai,

•. The perfon which brings up another.

Time was, when Italy and Rome have b.-en the
beft breeders and bringers up of the worthieft men.
Ajciam's Scbiolmajler,

3. A female that is prolifick.

Get tliee to a nunnery ; why would'ft thou be a
ireedtr of finners ? Shaieffeare's Hamlit,

Here is the babe, as loathfome as a toad,
Amongft the fairefl breeders of our time.

Shikefi-eare'i Tines jlrJr'MCvi.

Let there be an hundred perfon* in London, and
as many in the country, we fay, that if tiiere be
fixty of them breeders in Londoni there arc mo.e
than Ijxty in the country. Craunt,

Vet, if a friend a night or two fliouM need her,
He'd recommcnt* 'ler at a fpecia) breeder, Pripe.

4. One that takes care to raife a breed.

The breeders of Englilh cattle turned much to

dairy, or elfe kept their cattle to Cx orfcven years

old . Temfk.

Bre'edinc. 11, f. [from Arrt</.]

\, Education; inllrudion; qualifications.

She had her breeding at my father's charge,
A poor phyficirm's daughter. Sbaketfeare.

I am a gentleman of blood and breeding.

Sbahef/ieare's King hear,

I hope to fee it a piece of none of the meaneft

ireiding, to be acquainted with the laws r.f nature.

GlanvitU't Scepjis, Pref,

2. Manners; knowledge of ceremony.'

As men of breedings fomctimes mtin of wit,
T avoid great errours, muft the lefs Commit. Pcf/e,

The Gra>:e« from the court did next provide
Srredin^^ andwit, and air, and decent pride, Swifl.

3. Nurture ; care to bring up from the
infant Aate.

Vi hy was my breeding ordcr'd and prefcrib'd,
As of a perfon fepar-itc tr> God,
Defign'd for great exploiri ? Milleti's AgeniJIet,

Breesr. n, /, [bpiof-a, Saxon.] A fling-
ing fiy ; the gadfly.

Cleopatra,
The hre'fe upon her, like a csw in June,
Hoilti fail, and fties. Sbnieff, Ant. and Cleop.

The learned write, the infeft breefe
Is b'it the mongrel ptioce of beat* Hfdibras.

Vol. J.

B R E

A fierce loud buising breefe, their ftlngj draw
blood.
And drive tlie cattle gadding through the wood.

Drydcn.

BREEZE, n.f. [^wKtf, Ital.] A gentle
gale ; a foft wind.

We find that thc:("e hotted regions of the world,
feated under the equinoctial line, or near iti are fo
refreihed with a daily gale of eaflerly wind, which
the Spaniards call brcexe, that doth ever m^re blow
ftronger in the heat of the day. Raleigh.

From land a gentle brcexe arofe by night,
Serenely Ihone the ftars, the moon was bright.
And the fea trembled with her fiU'er ligHt. Dryden.

Gradual finks the breeme
Into a perfedl calm; that not a breath
Is heard to quiver through the clofing wood.

Th^mfin.

Bre'ezy. adj. [from ireexe."] Fanned
with gales.

The feer, while zephyrs curl the fwelling deep,
Baflci on the breezy fliore, in grateful Uccp,
His oozy limbs. Pope.

Bre'hon. n. /. An Irilh word.

In tiie cafe of murderj the brcbc-nj that is, their
jud^e, will compound between tlic murderer and
the party muideied, which profecute the adtion,
that the matefa^or (hall give unto them, or to the
child or wife of him that is flain, a recompence,
which they call an criach. Spcrjcr.

Breme. adj. [fi'om bpemman. Sax. to
rage or fume.] Cruel ; Iharp ; fevere.
Not ufed.

And when the fhining fun laugheth once^
You deemen tlie fpring come at once :
But eft, when you coutit you freed from fear,
CTmes the breme winter, with chamfrcd brows,
Full of wrinkles and ftofty furrows. Sptnfer.

Brent, adj. [from bjiennan. Sax. to
burn.] Burnt. Obfolete.

What flames, quoth he, when I thee prcfent fee
In danger rather to be drcnt than brcni ? Fairy S^.

Brest, n. f. [In architeftnre.] That
member of a column, called alfo the
torus, or tore.

Brest Summers, The pieces in the out-
ward parts of any timber building, anil
in the middle floors, into which the
girders arc framed. Harris.

Bret. «. / A fifh of the turbot kind,
alfo turt or brut. Diet.

B R e' I H R e N . a. /. [The plural oi brother.]
See Brother.

All thefe iti\% are brethren to each other in
faOion, ignorance, iaiqoity, peivcrfencfs, pride.

S~JUlfl.

BREFE. n. f. [In mufick.] A note or
charafter of time, equivalent to two
meal'ures or minims. Harris.

Bre'viary. n. /. [breviaire, Fr. brc-via-
rium, Lat.]

1. An abridgment; epitome; a compen-
dium.

Crefconius, an African bilhop, has given us an

aliridgmcnt, or breviary thereof. Ayljffe,

2, The book containing the dally fervjce
of the church of Rome.

Bre'viat. n.f. [from brevis, brevio,
Lat.] A fhort compendium.

It is obvious to the ihallowcft difcourfcr, that
the whole couofel of God, as far as it is incumbrnt
for man to know, is comprifed in one breviat of
evangelical truth. Decay of Pieiy.

Bre'viature. n. J. [itam brevio, Lat.]
An abbreviation.

Brevi'er. n. J'. A particular fize of
letter ufcd in printing ; fo called, pro-
bably, from being originally ufed in I

B R I

printing a breviary .- fuch is the fmalleft
type ufed in this work, in which the
examples appear.
Bre'vity. n. /. [brcvitar, Lat.] Con-
cifenefs ; fhortnefs ; contraction into
few words.

Virgil, ftudylng brevitf, and having the com-
mand of his own language, could bring tliofe
words into a narrow compafs, which a tranflator
cannot render without circumlocutions. Dryden.
To BREW. -v. a. [hrowvL'en, Dutch ;
braiL-en, German ; bpipan, Saxon.]

1 . To make liquors by mixing feveral in-
gredients.

We have drinks alfo brnved with feveral herbt,
and roots, and fpices. Bacon.

Mercy guard me !
Hence with thy brc-a'd enchantments, foul de-
ceiver ! Milton,

2. To put into preparation.

Here's neither buih nor fhrub to bear oiF any
weather at all, and another ftorm brewing* Sbak.

3. To mingle.

Take xw^y thefe chalices ; go, bniv me a pottle"
of Ack finely. Shal-ifptare,

4. Pofe feems to ufe the wojrd indetermi-
nately.

Or brctu fierce tempefts on the wat'ry main.
Or o'er the globe diftil the kindly rain. Pope,

5. To contrive ; to plot.

I fnind it to be the molt malicious and franticle
■furmife, and the moft contrary to his nature,
tliat, I think, had ever been brewed from the be-
ginning of the world, howfoever countenanced by
a libellous pamphlet of a fugitive phyfician, even i«
print. iVotton.

To Brew. v. it. To perform the office of
a brewer.

I keep his houfe, and walh, wring, brevt, bake,
fcour, drefs meat, and make the beds, and do all
myfelf. Shakefpeare.

Brew. n. /. [from the verb.] Manner of
brewing ; or thing brev/ea.

Trial would be made of the like brcm witit
potitoe roots, or burr roots, or the pith of arti-
chokes, which are nourifliing meats. Baconm

Bre'wace. n.f. [from ^r«w.] Mixture
of various things.

Go, brew me a pottle of fack finely.
With cgg<i, fir ?
—Simple of itfclf : I'll nO' pullet-fperra in my
bre^vage. Sbakefpcare.

Bre'wer. n.f. [from bre'w.] A mam
whofe profefiion it is to make beer.

When breeders mart their malt with water.

Sbakcfpeare,
Men every day eat and drink, though I think
no man an dcmonfirate out of Euclid, or Apollo-
niuf, that his baker, or breiutr, or cook, has not
conveyed poifon into Iris nreac or drink. TVktfin.
Bre'whouse.w./. [ from bniu and houje. ]
A houfe appropriated to brewing.

In our bre^vhoujei, bakehoufcs, and kitchens,
. are made divers drinks, breads, and meats. Bacsnw

Bre'wi NO, «./. [from brevj.] Quantity

of liquor brewed at once.
A brewing of new beer, fet by old beer, makcth

it work a^ain. Bacon,

BreVu. n, f.

1. A piece of bread foaked in boiling
fat pottage, made of faked meat.

2. It feems anciently to have meant broth.

What an ocean of brewis (hall I fwim in !

Beaum. and Flctcb. Diocleftttm

Br/ar. h. /. See Brier.

BRIBE, n. f. [Bribe, in French, origi-
nally fignifies a piece of bread, and is,
applied to any piece taken frcm the
tig reft;

'BtLl

reft ; it is therefore likely, that a iriit
originally figiiified, among iw, a fhare
cf any thing unjuftlj^ got.] A reward
given to pervert the judgment, or cor-
' nipt the condacl.

You have condcmn'd and noted Lucius Pella,
For tiking kritei btte of the Sardians. Shakijf.

Noi Irfs may Jupiter to gold afcribe,
Vrhcn he turn'd liimfelf into a lriln. IViMtr.

If a man be covetous, profit! ot biitts may put
kirn to the ttft. VEJirangt.

There 's joy when to wild will you laws pr^dtibr.
When you bid fortune carry baric hi:r iribi. Dry J,

?« ButBE. V. a. [from the noun.]
I. To gain by bribes; to give bribes, re-
wards, or hire, to bad porpofes.

The gn-at, 'tis true, can ftill th" eleSing tribe ;
The bard'may fupplicatr, but c.innot ir.li.

Prologue tt> Ccod-ra:ured Mart.

Z. It is feldom, and not properly, ufed in
a good {cafe.

How pow'rful ai« chafte vows ! the wind and tide
You iriJV to combat on the Englilh fide. DryJ-

Bri'ber. «. /. [from iriii.] One that
pays for corrupt praflices.

Afieftion is. ftlU a iritcr of the judgment ; and
it is hard for k man to admit a reafon againll the
thing he loves ; or to confefs the force of an
argument againft an intereft. South.

Bri BERY. »./. [from Srile.] The crime
of taking or giving rewards for bad
praftices.

There was a law made by the Romans, againft
the bribery and extortion of the governours of pro-
vinces : before, fays Cicero, the governours did
biibe and ixtort as much as was fufiicient tor
themfelvcs ; but now they bribe and extort as
much as may be enough not only for themfclves,
but for judges, jurors', and magiltrafes. Bacon,
No tribiry of courts, or cabals of faftlons, or
advantages of fortune, can remove him from the
folid fnundations of honour and fidelity. Dryder..
BRICK, n. f. [krick, Dutch ; krlque, Fr.
according xoMenagt, from imbrex, Lat.
' '.whence Erica.']

t. A mafs of burnt clay,*fquared for the
. ufe of builders.

For whatfoever doth fo alter a body, as it re-
turncth sot again to that it was, may be called
tlttraib major : as coals made of woodpv brkks
of earth. . Bacon.

They generally gain enough by the rubbirti and
kifUhf which the prcicot architc^s value much
beyond thofe of a modern make, to d.fray the
charges of their fearch. jidJiJon.

But fpread, ray fons, yourglory thin or thick.
On paflive paper, or on folid brick. F^pc.

2. A loaf ftiaped like a brick.
To Brick, -v. a. [from the noun.] To lay
with bricks.

The fexton corats to know where he is to be
laid, and whetl»cr his grave is to be plaia or bricked.

Sivift.

Bri'ckbat. ». /. [from ^riV;4 and ia/.]
A piece of brick.

Earthen bottles, filled with hot water, do pro-
voke in bed a fweat more daintily than brickhiiii
hot. Baan.

BRrcKCLAY. n.f. [from irick and day.']
Clay ul);d for making hrick.

I obferved it in pits wrought for tile and br'ick-
flay. JVcodivard.

Bm'ckdust. ». /. [from brick and <>'»/? .]
Dull made by pounding bricks.

This ingenious author, being thus (harp fet, got
together a convenient quantity of brKkdufi, and
*ifpofed of.it into feveral papers. SptHator.

Bri'ckearth. ». / [from hrick and
tartb.] £aitli ufed ia auking buck*.

6 R I

They grow very well both an the haieflyinVI-

lartht, and on gravel. fifortimrr.

Brick-kiln. n./. [from brick and kilx.]
A kiln ; a place to burn bricks.

Like the Ifraelites in the brick-Lilts, tViey mul-
tiplied the rrore for their opprerti'ir*. l^fcdy ofPkiy.

Bri'cki.ayer. n.f. [from ^nV> ana /ay.l
A man whofe trade is to build with
bricks ; a brick-mafon.

The elder of them, being put to nuife,
And ignorant of his birth and parentage,
Became a brickUyir when be came to age. Sbaktff.

It you had liv'd, Sir,
Time enough to have been interpreter
To Babel's bricklayen, fure the tow'r h«d ftoo<.

Donne.

Bri'ck-maker. ». /. [from brick and
mait.] One whole trade it is to make
bricks.

They are common in claypits ; but the brick-
malen pick them out of the clay. TVu^ivard .
Bri'dal. adj. [from bride.] Belonging
to a wedding ; nuptial ; connubial.

Our wedding cheer to a fad fun'ral teaft.
Our folemn hymns ti lulien dirges change.
Our bridal flowers ferve for a buried corlc. Shak.

Come, I will bring ihce to thy bridal chamber.

Shakiffeart.
The amorous bird of night
Sung fpnufal, aud bid hade the ev'ning (Var,
On his hili-top to light the bridal lamp. Millin.

Your ill-meaning politician lords.
Under pretence ot Iridal friends and gueHs,
Appointed to await me thirty fpies. Milton.

When tomy arms thou broaght'ft thy virgin love.
Fair ange's fung our bridal hynm above. Dryden.

With all the pomp of woe, and forrow's pride !
Oh early loft ! oh fitter to be led
In chearful fplendour to the bridal bed I Waljh.

For her the fpoufe prepares the bridal ring,
For her white virgins hynienajals fing. Fope.

BHi'dal n.f. The nuptial fellival.

Nay, we muft think men are not gods ;
Nor of tlwm look for fuch oblcrvance always.
As fits the bridal.^ Sbakeffeare'i Othello.

Sweet day, fo cool, fo calm, fo bright.
The irWa/of the earth and (ky.
Sweet dews Ihall weep thy fall to-night ;
For thou muit die. Herbert.

In death's dark bow' ts our bridals we will keep,
And his cold band
Shall draw the curtain when we go to fieep. DryJ.

BRIDE. ». / [bjiyb, Saxon ; brudur, in
Runick, fignifies a beautiful woman.]
A woman new married. '

Help me rriine own love's pralfes to rcfound,
Ne let the fame of any be envy'd ;
So Orpheus did for his own bride. Spenfer.

The day approach'd, wlAn fortune should decide
Th' important cnterj>rize, and give the bride.

Dryden.
Thefe ate tributes due from pious brides.
From achafte matron, and a virtuous wife. Smith.
Bri'debed. 71./. [from briJe and bed.]
Marriage-bed.

Now until the break of day,
Through this houfe each fairy ftray j
To the beft bridebed will we.
Which by us (ball blcffed be. Shakefpeare.

Would David's fon, religious, juft, and brave.
To the firft bridebed of the world receive
A foreigner, a heathen, and a Have ? Prior.

Bri'decake. n.f. [from bride and cake.]
A cake diflributed to the guells at tlic
wedding.

With the phant'fies of hey-troll,
Troll about the bridal bowl,
And divide the broad bridecake
Round about the bridecake. Ben "jsnjcn.

The writer, refolved to try his fortune, failed all
day, and, that he might be furc of dreaming upon
fotnctlung a( jiight, f iwvucU tux handi'usic ilice of

B R I

Ir'iiettl; which he placed t»Ty conveniently under
his pillow. Spefftitor.

Bri'decroom. ». /. [from bride and
gresm.] A new married man.

As aix thole dulcet (uundt in break of day,
That creep into the dreaming bridnn',m'i ear.
And fummon him to marriage. Shakefpeare,

Why, hapjn bridegroom !
Why doft thou fteal fo (bon away to bed ? Dryden.

Bri'demen. 1 a. /. The attendants on
Bri'demaids. J the bride and bride-
groom.
Bri'destake. n.f. [ from bride znd/ake. ]
It feems to be a poll let in the ground,
to dance round, like a maypole.

R.<und about the bridfjiah. Bm Jonfin.

BRI'DEWELL. ». / [The palace built
by St. Bride's, or Bridget's 'uirll, wa*
turned into a workhout'e.] A houfe of
corredion.

He would contribute more to reformation than
all the workhoufes and Bridewells in Europe.

Speffaler.

BRIDGE, n. / [bpic, Saxon.]

1. A bu:lding raifed over water for the
convenience of paffage.

What need the bridge much broader than the

flood ? Shakefpeare,

And proud Araxes, whom no bridge could bind.

Dryden,

2. The upper part of the nofe.

The raifing gently the bridge of the nofe, doth
prevent the deformity of a faddte nofe. Bacon,

3. The fupporter of the firings in ftringed
inftruments of mufick.

To Bridge, -v. a. [from the noun.] To
raife a bridge over any place.

Came to the fca, and over Hellefpont
BnW^irr'his way, Europe with Afia join'd. Miltoiu

BRI'DLE. n.f. [bride, ?r.]

1 . The headftall and reins by which a horfe
is reftrained and governed.

They fciz'd at laft
His courfer's bridle, and his feet embrac'd. DryJ,

2. Areftraint; a curb ; a check.

The king refolved to put that place, which fome
men fancied to be a bridle upon the city, into the '
hands of fuch a man as he might rely upon.

Clarendon,
A bright genius often betrays itfelf into many
errours, without a continual bridle oa the tongue.

tfattt.
To Bri'dle. t. a. [from the noun.]
I. To reftrain, or guide b>' a bridle.

1 bridle in my ilruggling mufe with pjin,
That longs to launch into a bolder ftrain. AdJifom

2i To put a bridle on any thing.

The queen of beauty ftopp'd her bridled doves ;
Approv'd the little labour of the Loves. Prior,

3. To reftrain ; to govern.

The difpofition of things is committed to thetn,
whom law may at all times bridle, and fupsriour
power controul. Hooker,

With a (Irong, and yet a gentle hand.
You iW(</rfa£lion, and our hearts command. ^VArk.

To Bri'dle. v. n. To hold up the head.
Bri'dlehand. n.f. [from bridle and
hand.] The hand which holds the
bridle in riding.

In the turning, one might perceive the bridle^
hand fomething gently ftir ; but, indeed, fo gently^
as it did rather dillil virtue tiiaa ufe violence.

Sidney,
The heat of fummer put his blood into a fer-
ment, which afftdicibis iridlehand with great pain.

H^i/eman*
BRIEF, adj. [brevis, Lat. brief, Fr.]
I. Short ; concife. It is now feldom ufed

but of wofdSi.
I A play

B R I

A piiy there is, my lord, fome ten wotdi long,
• Which h ai trie/ 3i 1 have known a play;
But by-ten woras, my lord, it is too long.
Which makes it tedious. Sbaiiffcart.

I will be mild and gentle in my words.—
—And br'nff^gooA mother, for I am in hallc Skak.

I mud begin with ridiments of art.
To teach you gamut in a br'uftr fort,
Klore plcafant, pretty, and elie^ual. Shaitffeare.

They nothing doubt prevailing, and to make it
hriffvnn. Stairff tare's CmoUnus.

The irkf llile it that which expreffeth much in
little. Ben Jmfon.

If I had quoted more words, I had quoted niore
profancnefs; and therefore Mr. Congrevehas reafon
to thank me for being brief. Col/ier.

'2. Contrafted ; narrow.

The rtirine of Venus, or ftraightpight Minerva,
Poftures beyond iri^nature. Stake/peare.

Brief., n. /. \_brief, Dutch, a letter.]

1 . A writing of any kind.

There is a briif, how many fports arc ripe :
Make choice of which your highnefs will fee firft.

Sbakefpeare.

The apoftolical letters are of a twofold kind and
diflerence ; vm. fome are called brief!, becaufe they
•re comprifed in a fhort and compendious way of
writing. ^ylife.

2. A ihort cxtraft, or epitome.

But how you mail begin this enterprize,
I will ygjr highnefs thus in iWc/advife. Fairy ^

I doubt not but I (hall make it plain, as far as a
fum or brief an make a caufe plain. Bacon.

The brief of this tranfaflion is, thefe fpriogs
that arife here are impregnated with vitriol.

J. [In law.]

A writ v/hercby a man is fummoned to anfwer
to any aQion ; or it is any precept of the king in
writing, irtuing out of any court, whereby he com-
manJb any thing to be done. Cctocll.

4. The writing given the pleaders, con-
taining the cafe.

The brief v'wh weighty crimes was cbarg'd.
On which the pleader much cnhrg'd. Swifi.

5. Letters patent, gFving licence to a cha-
ritable colledion for any publick or pri-
vate lofs.

6. [In mufick.] A meafure of quantity,
which contains two ftrokes down in
beating time, and as many up. Harris.

Brie'fly. ad'i/. [^irom. brie/.'] Concifely;
in few words.

I will (peak in that manner which the fubjefl
requires ; that is, probably, and moderately, and
iriejiy. Baar.

The modeft queen awhile, with downcaft eye.,
Ponder'd the fpeech j then briefy thus replies.

Drydcn.
Bri'efness. »./ [horn brief.] Concife-
nefs ; ftiortnels.

They excel in grandity and gravity, in fmooth-
nef« and propriety, in quicknefs and brirfnefi,

Cnmdtn,

BRI'ER. n. f. [bpiji. Sax.] A plant.
The fweet and the wild forts are both
fpecies of the rofe.

What fubtle hole is this,
Whofe m^uth is covet'd with rude growing hrien f

Sbakej'feare.
Then thrice under a brUr doth creep,
Which ^t both ends was rojled deep.
And over it three times doth leap ;

H'rmagick much availing. Draytn't Nymfh'J.
Bri'ery. adj. [from brier.] Rough;

thorny ; full of briers.
B?.i';, and poflibly alfoBRix, is derived
from the Saxon bpicp^, a bridge; which,
to this da^-, in the northern counties,
is called a brigg, and not a bridge.

Gibjon'i Camden.

B R I

BRI'GADE. «./ [brigade. Fir. It is now
generally pronounced with the accent
on the latt fyllable.] A divifion of
forces ; a body of men, confifting of
feveral fquadrons of horfe, or battalions
of foot.

Or fronted IrigaJa form. MUton.

Here the Bavarian duke his brigades leads,
Gallant in arms, and gaudy to behold. Philips.

Bri'cade Majtr. An officer appointed
by the brigadier to affift him in the ma-
nagement and ordering of his brigade ;
and he there ad« as a major does in an
army. Harris.

Brig adi'eh. General. An officer who com-
mands a brigade of horfe or foot in an
army ; next in order below a major ge-
neral.

Bri'gand. n./. [brigand, Fr.] A robber;
one that belongs to a band of robbers.

There might be a rout of fuch barbarous thicvifli
brigands in fome rocks ; but it was a degeneration
from the nature of man, a political creature.

BrambaU egainfi Hohbes.
Bri'cANDINE. 7 r re I ■ J1

Br.'cantine.I "■/■Urombrtgand.]

1. A light veffel ; fuch as has been for-
merly ufed by corfairs or pirates.

Like as a wiilike hrigandiae, apply'd
To fighr, lays forth her threatful pikes afore
The engines, which in them fad^^ath do hide.

S^cnjer.

In'yoor iriganiint yoo fail'd to fee
The Adtiatick wedded. Oiway's yejiiee Preferfeii.

The conful obliged him to deliver up his fleet,
and rellore the flilps, refcrving only to himfdf two
brigamints. Arbutbmt.

2. A coat of mail.

Then put on all thy gorgeous arms, thy helmet
Arid brig^ndine of biafs, thy broad baberg-^on,
Vantb.aCs, and groves. Mit'lcn's Semfm .Agoniftes.

BRIGHT. a^J. [beont. Saxon.]

1 . Shining ; full of light.

Through a cloud
Drnwn round about thee like a radiant (hrine.
Dark, with exceffive bright, thy (klrts appear.

Milton.
Then fhook the facred (hrine, and fudden light
Sprung through the roof, and made the temjle
bright. Vryden.

2. Shining, as a body reflefting light.

B' igbt brafs, and brighter domes. Chapman.

Thy c)es are fc:n In diamonds bright. Guy.
Br.gtt IS the fun her eyes the gazers ftrike. Ptfe.

3. Clear; tranfpicuous.

From the brighifl wines
He'd turn abhoncnt. Thcmfon.

Wiiilf the bright Seine, t' exalt the foul.
With fparklir.g plenty crowns the bowl. Fentm.

4. Clear ; evident.

He muft not proceed too fwiftly, that he may
with m .re cafe, with brighter evidence, and with
furcc fuccels, draw the learner on.

If^iitti's Jmprviiimtnt of the Mind,

5. Refplendent with charms.

Tiiy beauty appeal ^.,
In iti graces mi aiis.

All hrigbt at an angel new dropp'd from the (ky.

Piu-nel.

O Liberty', thou g-iddefs hcav'nly bright,
Prnfufe of blifs, and prcgnantwith deliglit I jidjif.

Bright as the fun, and like the morning fair,
Such Chlocis, and commtfU as the air. Gr.tn'viUe.

To-day black omens threat the brigbteji fair
'I'll. it '-'cr engagd a w:<tchtul (piril's care. Vtpe.

'1 h'ju mure dreaded foc, bright Lcaury, (hine.

t'cuni^,

6. Illuminated with fcienc« ; fparklinf
with wit.

B R I

Gen'rons, gay, and gallant nation,
Great in arms, and bright in art. jinoKymciit,

If parts allure thee, thjnk how Bacon (hin'd.
The wifeft, brightej}, meaneft of mankind. Pope,
7. Uluflrious ; glorious.

This is the wor/l, if not the only (lain,
r til' brightef annals of a female reign. Cottm,
To Bri'ghten. <i;. a. [from bright.]

1. To make bright ; to make to Ihine.

The purple morning, rifing with the year.
Salutes the fpring, as her cclellinl eyes
Adorn the world, and brighten up the (kies. Dr/J,

2. To make luminous by light from with-
out.

An ecftacy, that mothers oiily feel,
Plays round my heart, and brightens all my forrow.
Like gleams of funfhine in a louring iky. Philips^

3. To make gay, or cheerful,

Hope elevates, and joy
Brightens his creft. Mihoii't Paradife Loflt

4. To make illuilrious.

The prefent queen would brighten her charafler,
if (he would exert her authority to inftil virtues
into her people. Sifift-

Yet time ennobles or degrades each line ;
It brightened Craggs's, and m.iy darken thine. Pofe^

5. To make acute, or witty.

TV Bri'ghten. v. n. To grow bright J
to dear up : as, the iky brightens.

But let a lord once own the happy lines.
How tlie (lile brightens, how the fen(e refines ! Pofet

Bri'ghtlv. a^/v. [itota bright .] Splen*
didly ; with luftre.

Safely I (lept, till brightly dawning fllone
The morn, confpicuous on her golden throne. Pope*

BitrcHTNEss. Tt. /. [from bright.]

1 . Luftre ; fplendour ; glitter.

The blazing brightnefs of her beauty's bcam^
And glorious light of her fun-lhining fjce.
To tell, were as Co (Irive againft the lircam*

Fisiiy ^a«»,

A fwerd, by long lying ftill, will contrail a ruft,
which fliall deface it> brightnefs. South,

The moon put on her veil of light,
Myilerious veil, of brightnefs made.
That's both her lullrc and her (hade. Hudiirau

Vex'd with the prelent moment's heavy gloom.
Why feek we brifhtn^s from the yeart to come ?

Prior,

2. Acutenefs,

The brightnefs of his parts, the foltdity of'hii
judgment, and the candour and generoiity of hi*
temper, diltinguilhed him in an age of great po-
litcnefs. Prior.

B R i'l T. I A N c r . »./. [from brilliant.] Luf-
tre ; fplendour.

BRl'LLIANT. adj. [brilLnt, Fr.] 'Shin-
ing; fparkling; fplendid; full of luftre.

So have I fecn in laidcr dark
^ Of v^al a lucid loin.
Replete with many a IrilliaBt fpark.
As wife philofophers remark.

At once both (link and fliine. Dorfd.

Bri'lliant. n. /, A diamond of tlie
fineft cut, formed into angles, fo as te
refrail the light, and ihine more.

In deference to his virtues, I forbear
To (hew yoti what the reft in orders were;
This brilliunt is fo fpotlefs and fo briglit,
He needs not foil, but (liines by his own proper
light. Dryden.

Bri'lliantness. n. /. [t'rom brilliarrt.]

Splendcrtir ; luftre.
Brills, n. /. The hair on the eyelids of
a horfe. Di^t.

BRIM. «. / [l.-im, Jcelandifti.]
I. 'J"he edge of any thing.

Hii lijt biiog in the form of a turban, daintily

m:! ic, tlie locks of his hair iMsttc down about the

brims of it. Bticcn,

G g 2 3. The

B R I

B R I

». The upper edge of any veflel.

How my head in ointiticnt fwiras !
How my cup o'erlookt her trims ! Crtjhavi.

So when with crackling flames a cjutdron fries,
The bubbling water* from the bottom rife,
Above the brimi they force their fiery way.

nrjden\ Mki'u'-
■ Tlius in a bafon droj. a fliilling,
Thin fill the velicl to the prim.

You fljall obfcrve, as you are fiUing,
The pond'rous metal fcenii to fwim. Swif:.

3. The top of any liquor.

The feet of the prieits, that bar« the ark, were
dipped in the irim 6f the water, yc/^aa, iii. 15'

4. The bank of a fountain.

It told me it VIM Cynthia's own,
Within \shofe cucert'ul hr.iKt

That curious nymjih !nd oft been known
To bathe her fnowv limbs. Draytatt.

fe Br I M. or. «. [from the noun.] To fill

to the top.

May thy trimmeJ waves,
. Their full tribute aever mils
From a thoufand rills. . Miltve.

This faiJ, a dauble wreath Evandet twin'd ;
And poplars black and white bis' temples bind t
Then trim his arhple bowl ; witli like dcfign.
The reft invoke the gods with fpiinkled wme.

■-, . : . Drjdtn.

TaBniM. V. «. To be full to the brim.

Now horrid hays
Commence, the himmiag glaffcs now arc hurl'd
- With diie intent. . i^l

Bri'mkul. atij. [from in-im and full.]
Full to the top ; overcharged.

Meafurc my cafe, how by thy beauty's filling
With feed of woes my heart irimful is chargd.

Sitlney.
We have try'd tlie utmoft of our friends;
Our legions are brimful, our caufe is ripe.

Shake/pear^'! J. Cafar.
Her trimful eyes, that ready ftood.
And only wanted will to weep a flood,
Rcleas'd their watry ftore. Drydens Fables.
The good old king at parting wrung my hand.
His eyes brimful of tears ; then fighing cry'd,
Prithee, be careful of my fon. Addijm^s Cato

Bh'mfulness. »./. {hombrtmfuL] tul-
nefs to the top. .

The Scot on his unfurnifli'd kingdom
Came pouring like a tide into a beach,
With ample ar.d brimfuhcfs of his force.

SbakeJpearesHen.W.

Bri'mmer. «./. [from brim.l A bowl
full to the -top. -

When healths go lound, and kindly tcmmers
flow, . , , , ,

Till the fteih gatUi>4> <"» tlrcir foreheads glow.

Drydert.

Bri'mming. adj. [from hrim-l ■ Full to
the brim.

And twice bcfidcs her beeftmgs never fail.
To ftorc the dairy with a brimming pail. Dryden.
Bri'mstone. n.f. [corrupted from irw
or hresfione,,. that is, fiery ftone.] Sul-
' phur. See Sulphur.

Frbm his infernal furracc forth he threw
Huge flames, that dimmed all the heaven's light,
Enioli'd in dulkifh fmoke and brimjioae blue.

Fairy ^^en.
The vapour of the prtito del Cane is generally
fuppofed to be fulphure.us, though I can fee no
Tcafon for fuch a fuppof.tion : 1 put a whole bun-
dle of lighted brimfimt matches to the fmo^ce,
they all went out in an \ai\int. Mdifin on Italy-
Bri'mstonY. aJJ. [from brimfione.] Full
of biimftone ; containing fulphur ; fui-

phureous. , , i

Bri'nded. adj. {b,in, Fr. a branch.]
Streaked ; tabby ; marked with ftre.tks.
Thiice the i«iiJ.<< cat bath mcw'd.

Mill"

She tam'd the btinitd lioncft
And fpottcd mountain pard.

My brirJ:d heifer to the flake I lay J
Two thriving calves (lie fuckles twice a-day. Vryd.

Bri'ndle. n. f. [from briitded.] The
ftate of being brinded.

A natu.-.il brimHe. Clanjfa.

Bri'ndi.ed. aJj. [from irMlt.] Brind-
ed ; ilreaked.

'Ihe bear, my fiflers ! aim the fatal dart.
And ftrikc the brindled raonfter to the heart.

Addijin s Ovia.

BRINE. «. /. , . ^ ^ ,

1 . Water impregnated with lalt.

The encrcjfmg of the weight of water will cn-
crcafe its powrr of bearing ; a;.- we fee brine, when
ic is fait enough, will bear an egg.

Bacon's Natural Hifiory.

Difl"olvc flieepsdung in water, and add to it as
much fait as will make a ftrong brine ; in this li-
quor ftecp your com. Morltmer.

2. The fea, as jt is fait.

AH but mariners,
Plung'd in the foaming brine, did quit the veflijl,
Then all afire with me. Sbakefl-eare's Tempeji.

Tlie air was calm, and on the level brine
Slcc!- Panope, with all her fifters, play'd. Afi/«».

As, when two adverfe winds
Engage with horrid fliock, the ruffled trine
Roars ftormy. ■?*'''/'•

3. Tears, as they aye fait.

What a deal of brini
Hath waOi'd thy fallow cheeks for Rofaline !

Stakefpeare.

Bri'nepit. t!. /. [from brine and pit.]

Pit of fait water.

Then I lov'd thee.
And ftiew'd thee all the qualities o' th' iflc.
The frefti fp.ings, brinepits, barren place, and fer-
tile. Shatefpeare.

To BRING. V. a. [bprnjan. Sax. preter.
I brought ; part. paff. brought ; bpoht.
Sax.]

1. To fetch from another place : dmm-
guilhed from to carry, or convey, to
another place.

I was the chief that rais'd him to the crown.
And I'll be chief to bring him down again. Shak.

And as flie was going to fetch it, he called to
her, and faid, Srir.g me, I pray thee, a morfel ot
bread in thy hanJ. *-"'5'-

A rcgillry of lands may furnifli eafy fecurities
of money, that fliall be brougbt over by ftrangers.

Temple.

2. To convey in one's own hand ; not to
fend by another.

And if my wilh'd alliance pleafe your king,
Tell bim he fliould not fend the peace, but bring.

Drydoi.

3. To produce; to procure, as a caufe.

There is mthing will bring you more honour,
and more eafe, than to do what tight in jnftKe
you may. ^''""^

4. To reduce; to recal.

JBrinf back gently their wandering minds, by
going before them in the Uain they flioulJ purfue,
without any rebuke. ■ L«^.:

Nathan's fable had fo good an edeQ, as (o bring
the man after Gods own heart to a tight fcnfc ot
his g.i.lt. Sp^""--

r. To attradl ; to draw along.

In dilliUation, the water afcends difficultly, and
brines over with it fome part of the oil of vitriol.
Neiuf-'ns Optfihs.

6. To put into any particular ftate or cir-
cumllances ; to make liable to any thing.
Having got the way of reafoning, which th.n
ftuJy necelfarily brings the mind to, they might be
able to transfer it to other parts of knowledge, as
they ihaii have oci;»Con. L«h.

B R I

The^oeftlon for bringing the king to Juftleewu
immediately put, and carri-d without any oppofi.
tion, that I can find. Swift's Prtjbyurian flea.

7. To lead by degrees.

A due confideration of the vanitiei of die world,
will naturally bring us to the contempt of it ; and
the contempt of the world will as certainly bring
us home to ourfelves. L'FJlrai^c.

The undcrftanding fliould be brought to the dif-
ficult and knotty parts of knowledge by infenfible
degrees. Locke.

8. To recal ; to fummons.

But thofe, and m^re than 1 to mind can br'ng,
Menalcas has not yet forgot to fing. Dryden.

9. To induce ; to prevail upon.

The nature of the things, contained in thofe
words, would not fuffer him to think ociierwiic,
liow, or whcnfoever, he is bnught to lefledt on
tliem. . ^"\'-

It fcems fo prepollcrous a thing to men, to make
themfelves unhappy in order to happinefs, that
they do not eafily bring themfelves to it. Lickt.

Profitable employments would be no lefs a di-
verfion than any of the idle fports in falhion, if
men could but be brcught to delight in them. Locke.

1(3. To bring about. [See About.] To
bring to pafs ; to effect.

This he conceives not hard to bring about.
If all of you would join to help him out.

Dryden's Indian Emperor.
This turn of mind threw off the oppofitiuns of
envy and competition ; it enabled him to gain the
moft vain and impraiSlicable into his defigns, and
to bring about feveral great events, for the ad-
vantage of the publick. jiddifcn's FrceholJtr.
XI. To bring forth. To give birth to ; to
produce.

The good queen.
For flic is good , hath brought you forth a daughter !
Here 'tis ; commends it to your bleffing. Shakcjp.

More wonderful
Than that which, by creation, firft brought forth
Light out of darknefs ! Paradije Lofl.

Bewail thy falfehood, and the pious w:>rks
It hath brought forth, to make thee memorable
Among illuftrious women, faithful wives.

Milton's Samjcn AgoniSts.

Bellona le-ids thee to thy lover's hand ;

Another queen brings forth another brand.

To burn with foreign fires her native land ! Dryd.

Idlenefs and luxury inr^ /mJ poverty and

want j.and this tempts men to injuftice, an.1 that

caufeth enmity and animof ty. Tillotfon.

The value of land is raif,;d, when it is fitted

to bring forth a greater quantity of any valuable

produft. ^"^'•

12. To bring forth. To bring to light.,
The tiling that is hid bringeth he forth to light.

'Job, xxxviii. f 1.

13. To bring in. To place m any condi-
tion.

He protefts he loves you.
And needs no other fuitor, but his liking.
To brin^ you in again. Shakejpeare't OcbcUo.

14.. To bring in. To reduce.

Send over into that realm fuch a ftrong power
of men, as IhoulJ p:rforce bring in all that rebel-
lious rout, and loofc people. Spcfrr en Ireland.
\c. To bring in. To afford gain.

The fole meafure of all his couvtefies is, what

return they will make him, and what revenue tlu-y

will bring him in. Soutu.

TraJe brought us ifi plenty and riches. Licke.

16. To Iring in. To introduce. .,

Entertain no long difcoutle with any ; but, if
vou can, bring in fometliing to feafon it with reli-
gion. , "^"y'"]

There is but one God who made heaven and
earth, and fea and winds; but the foUy and mad-
ncfs of mankind brought in the images of gods.

StiUingJUett

The fruitfutnefs of Italy, and the like, arc not

brought in by force, but naturally rife out of ti.e

argument. ^'j^S'--

Since

B R I

state he could not hjve a kit among th«m
hjmfelt', he would iring in one who had more
Bjerit. Tat/er.

Quotations arc beft bnugbt in to confirm fome
opinion controverted. Sivift^

17. To bring off. To clear ; to procure to
be acquitted ; to c«ufe to efcape.

I tn}ilsd to m_v head, that has betrayed me;
and I found fault with my legs, that would othtt-
vi\(thi\chnugbt me off. L'EJirangc.

Set a kite upon the bench, and it is forty to one
he'll tring effi crow at the bar. VEJirangt.

The bed way to avoid this imputation, and to

iring off the credit of our underftanding, is to be

truly religious. TiUcifon.

li. To tring on. To engage in aftion. .

If there be any that would reign, and take up
all the time, let him find means to take them ort,
and hrlTTP others es. Bacon.

19. To bring on. To produce as 8tn occa-
fional caufe.

The fountains of the great deep being broke
open, fo as a general deitruilion and devaftation
was bnugbt upon the earth, and all things in it.

Burned Tbccry.

The great queftion, which in ail ages has dif-
turbed mankind, and hrtvght on them thofe mif-
chiefs. Locke.

20. To bring over.. To Convert ; to draw to
a new party.

This liberty (hould be made ufe of upon few

occafions of fmall importance, and only with a

view of bringing over his own fide, another time,

to fomething of greater and more publick moment.

Stvift^i Cburcb cf England Mur.

The proteftant clergy will find it, perhaps, no
difficult matter to brig great numbers ovtr to the
church. Swift.

21. To iring out. To exhibit; to (hew.

If I make not this cheat bring out another, and
the /heaters prove flieep, let me be unrolled,

HbactJiieart's IVinler't Tali.

Which he could bring out, where he had.
And what he bought them for, and paid. HuJibras.

Thefe Ihake his foul, and, as they boldly prefs.
Bring out his crimes, and force him to corfeft.

Drydcn.

Another way made ufe of, to find the weight of
the denarii, was by the weight of Greek coin? ;
but thofe cxperimenta bring ail the denarius hea-
vier- jirbutbnot.

22. To bring under. To fubdue ; to reprefs.

That Iharp courfe which you have fet down,
for the bringing under of thofe rebels of Ulllcr,
and preparing a way for their perpetual reforma-
tion. Sptnjcr.

To fay, that the more capable, or the better de-
fierver, hath fuch right to govern, as he may com-
pulforily bnrg under the lefs worthy, is idle. Saccn.

23 . To bring tip. To educate ; to inllrudl ;
to form.

The well bringing up of the people, ferves as a
rroft fure bond to hold them. Sidney.

He that takes upon him the charge of bringing
up youn^ men, efpccially young gentlemen, fhould
have fomething more in him than Latin. Locke.

They frequently converfed wiih this lovely vir-
gin, who had been bnugbt up by her father in
knowledge. Addijon: Gidnrdian.

24. To bring up. To introduce to gene-
ral pradUce.

Several obliging deferences, condefcenfions, and
fubmifiions, with many outward forms and ceremo.
nies, were firft of all brought up among the politer
part of mankind, who lived in courts and cities.

SptSator.

25. To bring up. To caufe to advance.

Bring up your army j but 1 tliink you'll find.
They've not prepar'd for us. Shahrj'peare.

26. Bring retains, in all its fenfes, the idea
of an agent, or caufe, producing a real
or metaphorical motion of fomething to-
wardj ibmethiog ; for it is oft faid, that

B R I

he brought his tomf anion out. The m can-
ing is, that he was brought to fomething
that was likewife '■without.
Eri'ncer. n.f, [from bring.'\ The perfon
that brings any thing.

Yet the firft hringer of unwelcome news
Hath but a lofiiig office : and h'S tongue
Sounds ever after as a fullen bell,
Remcmber'J tolling a dead friend. Sbairfpcarc.

Beft you fee fafe the hi ingcr
Outof the hoft : I mv.ft attend rain= office. Sbairfp.

Bri'nger tjp, Inllruftor; educator.

Italy and Rome have been breeders and bri'igen
up of the worthlcft men. Ajcham's Scboolmajier.
Bri'nish. adj. [from brine.\^ Having
the tafte of brine ; fait.

Nero would be tainted with remorfe
To hear and fee her plaints, her brinijh tears. Sbak.

For now I fiand, as one upon a rock,
Environ'd with a wildernefs of fea.
Who marks the waxing tide grow'wave by wave j
Expecting ever when fome envious furge
Will, in his brinijh bowels, fw.iiloW him. Sbakiff.

Bri'nishness. n.f. [from brinifi,] Salt-
nefs ; tendency to faltnefs.

BRINK. »./. [brini, Danifti.] The edge
of any place, as of a precipice or a ri-
ver.

Th' amazed flames ftand gathcr'd in a heap.
And from the precipice's brink rctiie.
Afraid to venture on fo large a leap. Dryden.

We ftand therefore on the brinki and confines
of thofe ftates at the day of doom. jilterbury.

So have I fcen, from Severn's brink,
A flock of geefe jump down together;
Swim where the bird of Jove would fink,
And, fwimming, never wet a feath'^r. Swift,

Bri'ny. adj. [from brine."] Salt.

He, who firft the pafTage try'd.
In harden'd oak his heart did i.ide;
Or his, at leaft, in hoilow wood.
Who tcmpt"d fi 1 t^'.e briny flood. Dryden.

Then, triny leas, and [jftc.'i.l fprings, farewel.
Where fountain nymphs, confus'd with Nereids,
dwell. Addifon.

A muriatick or briny tafte feems to be produced
by a mixture of an acid and alkaline fait ; for fpirit
of fait, and fait of tartar, mixed, produce a fait like
fea ialr. Arbutbnoi.

Bri'ony. See BayoKy.
BRISK, adj. [bru/qtie, Frtench.]

1. Lively; vivacious; gay; fprightly :
applied to men.

Pr'ythee, die, and fet me free,
Or elfe be

Kind and brijk and gay, lilte me. Denham,
A creeping young fellow, that had committed
matrimony with a briJk gamefomc lafs, was fo al-
tered in a few days, that lie was likcr a Ikeleton
than a living mar. L^Ejtrangc.

Why Ihould all honour then 'oe ta'cn
From Icwer parts to load the brain ;
When other limbs wl plainly fee.
Each in his way, as briJk as he? Vrisir.

2. Powerful ; fpirituous.

Our jiaturc here is riot unlike our wine :
Some foru, when old, continue briji and fine.

Denbam.

Under ground, the rude Riph«an race
Mimick briJk cyder, witii tl-e brake's produil wild,
Sloes pounded, hips, and fcrvis' barflieft juice.

PbUlpt.

It mult needs be fome extcriovir caufe, and the
brifi acting of fome objefls without rac, whofe
eflicacv I cannot rcfift. Locke.

3. Vivid; bright. This is not ufed.

Objefts appeared much darker, bccaufe my in-
ftrument was overchargrd; had it magnified tiiirty
or twenty-five times, it had made the objeft appear
more iri/l and pleafant. Ncivtcn.

■To Brisk uf. v. n. To come up briikly.

B R I

Bri'skst. »./. [brichet.ft.'] The breaft
of an animal.

See that none of the wool be wanting, that their
gums be red, teeth white and even, and the brijket
fkin red. Mortimer.

Bri'skly. adv. [from brifi.l Aftively ;
vigoroufly.

We have feen the air in the bladder fuddenly
expand itfelf fo much, and Co brijkly, that it mani-
felHy lifted up fome light bodies that leaned up-
on it. Boyle.
1 could plainly perceive the creature to fuck in
many of tlie moft minute animalcvila, that were
"* fwimming brijkly about in the water.

Ray on the Creation.

Bri'sknESS. n.f. [from brifk.]

1. Livelinefs ; vigour; quicknefs.
Some remains of corruption, thouijh they do

not conquer and extinguifti, yet will llacken and
allay, the vigour and brijknefi of the renewed prin-
ciple. South.

2. Gayety.

But the moft diftlnguifliing part of his cha-
rafter feems to me to be his brijhnefi, his jollity,
and his good-humour. Dryden.

BRl'STLE. n.f. [bpifcl. Sax.] The ftifF
hair of fwine.

1 will not open my lips fo wide as a briftic may-
enter. Shakejpeare.

He is covered with hair, and not, as the boar,
with brijiles, which probably fpend more upon the
fame matter, which, in other creatures, makes the
horns ; for briflles feem to be nothing elfe but a
hoin fpli: into a multitude of little ones. Crew.

Two boars whom love to battle draws.
With rifing brijllei, and with frothy jaws.
Their adverfe breafts with tulks oblique they
wound. Dryden.

To Bri'stle. t). a. [from the noun.] To
ereft in briftles.

Now for the bare plckt bone of majefty.
Doth dogged war briftle his angry creft.
And fn.irlcth in the gentle eyes of peace. Shaksfp.

Which makes him plume himfclf, and hriflle up
Thecteft if youth againft your dignity. Sbakejp.

To Bri'stle. 11. n. To ftand ereil as
briftles.

Be it ounce, or cat, or bear,
Pard, or boar with brijiled hair.
In thy eye that fliall appear.
When thou wak'ft, it is thy dear. Sbttkifp,
Stood Theodore furpria'd in deadly fright,
With chatt'ring teeth, and hnJUing hair upright;
"Vet ar:ird with inborn worth. ' Dryden.

Thy hair fo briftln with unmanly fears.
As fields of corn that rife in bearded cars. Dryden.

To Bristle a thread. To fix a biiftle

to it.
Bri'stly. adj. [from ^////f.] Thick fet
with briftles.

The leaves of the black mulberry are fomewhat
briflly, which may help to preferve the dew. Bacon.
U the eye were fo acute as to rival the fincft
raicrofcopc, the fight of our own fclvcs would af-
fright us i the fmoothcft (kin would be befct with
rugged Icales and brifily hairs. BentUy,

Thus maftful beech the brifily chcftnut bears.
And the wild alh is white with bloomy pears.

Dryden.
The careful mafter of the fwine,
Forth haftcd he to tend his hriftlcd care. Pope.

Bri'stol stone, a kind of foft diamond
found in a rock near the city of Briltol.

Of this kind of cryftal are the better and larger
lort of Brijiol-Jlonei, and the K-eriy ftone? of Ire-
land, fi'codward.

B KIT. n.f. The name of a fifli.

The pilchards were wont to purfue the brit,
upon which they feed, into the havens. Cartiv.

To Br IT E. 7 ""• *>^ Barley, wheat, or
To Bright, j hopsi are faid to brite,
when they grow over-ripe.
I BRI'TTLE.

B R O

BRITTLE, adj. [brurran, Saxon.] Fra-
gile ; apt to break ; not tough.

The wood of vines U very durable ; though no
tree hath the twigs, while they are green, fo
iriitli, yet the wood dried i< extremely tough.

Baccrt.

From earth all came, to earth muft all return.

Frail as the cord, and briiiU as the um. Priw.

Of airy pomp, and ftccting joys,
Whit does the bufy world conclude at beft,
.^ ButMVf/f g"ods, thatbrcaklikeglaf!? Granville.
If the (lone ii hriitli, it will often crumble, and
paf'. in the form of gravel. Arttiibnct.

Bri'ttleness. tt.f, ffrom irii/Je.] Apt-
ncfs to break ; fragility.

A u'it quick without brightnefs, diarp without
tritllef/fi. jijcham^s Sctoolmafttr.

Artificers, in the tempering of ftecl, by holding

it but a minute or two longer or lefTer in the flame,

give it very differing tempers, as to brittlcnifi or

toughnefs. £iyU.

BiiiZE. n. f. The gadfly.

A irizf, a fcorned little creature,
Through his fair hide his angry Ring did threaten.

"■ SpenJ<r.

BROACH. «. / Ibroche, French.]
I. A fpit.

He was taken into fervice to a bafe office in his

kitchen ; fo chat he turned a breach, that had

worn a cruwn. Bacon's Hary VII.

Whofe oiTercd entrails (hall his crime reproach,

And drip their fatnefs from thi; hazle breach. Dryd.

». A mufical inftrument, the founds of
which are made by turning round a han-
dle. Dia.

3. [With hunters.] A ftart of the head
of a young ftag, growing fharp like the
endofalpit. Di<3.

7i Broach, i'. a. [from the noun.]

1 . To fpit ; to pierce as with a fpit.

"Were now the general of our gracious emprcfs.
As in good time he may, from Ireland coming,
Bringing rebellion broached on his fword. Shake/fi.

He felled men as one would mow hay, and
fbmetim*^ broached a great number of them upon
bis pike, as one would carry little birds fpitted
upon a Hick. HakeviiU.

2. To pierce a veffel in order to draw the
liquor ; to tap.

3. To open any ftore.

I will notably provide, that you fliall want nei-
ther weapons, viftuak, nt)r aid } I will open the
old armouries, 1 will broach my ftore, and bring
forth my (lores. Kntlles.

4. To let out any thing. .

And now the field of death, the lifts.
Were rnter'd by antagonifts.
And blood was ready to be breach' J,
When Hudibras in haftc approach'd. HuJibrat.

5. To give out, or utter any thing.

This errour, that Pifon was Ganges, was firft
iroached by Jofephus. Raleigh.

Thofe who wc:e the chief inftruments of raifing
the nolle, made ufc of thofe very opinions them-
felves had bnacted, for arguments to prove that tlic
change of miniftci-s was dangerous, Stvift'i Exam.

Bito'AcriEii. n.f, [from broach.']

1. A fpit.

The youth approach'd the fire, and, as Itbum'd,
On five n-iitpbrt^etcrs rankM,the roaft they turu'd j
Thcfc m jrfeU ftay'd their ftomachi. Dryden.

2. An opener, or ntterer of any thing; the
firil author.

Theie is much pride .ind vanity in the afifeAa-
tion of being the orfl broacher of an heretical opi-
nion. L'EJlrar.ge.

Numerous parties denominate themfclves, not
from the grand Autiior and Finifticr of our tiith,
but from the firft broachtr of their idolized opi-
niont. Decay of P'uty.

B R O

This Dpinion u commonly, but falfely, tferib-
ed to Arillotle, not as its fitft broacher, but as its
ablcft pjtron. Cbeyne.

BROAD, adj. [bpab, Saxon.]
I. Wide; extended in breadth, diftin-
guiHied from length ; not narrow.

The weeds that his broad fprcading leaves did
flicllcr
Are pull'd up, root and all. Sbakcjteare.

The top may be juftly £iid to grow broader, as
the bottom narrower. Temple.

Of all your knowledge this vain fruit you have,
To walk with e)TS broad open to your grave. Dryd.

So lofty was the pile, a Parthian bow,
Witiv vigour drawn, muft fend the fliaft below,
The bottom was full twenty fathom bread. DryJen.

He hunch'd the fiery bolt from pole to pole.
Broad burft the lightnings, deep the thiindera roll.

Pefe.

z. Large.

To keep him «t a diftance from falfehood, and
cunning, which has always a ir-txri/ mixture of falfe-
hood ; this is the fitted preparation of a child for
wifdom. Locke.

3. Clear; open; not (heltered ; not af-
fording concealment.

In mean time be, with cunning to conceal
All thought of this from others, himfelf bore
In broadhoufe, with the wooers, us before. Cbapm.

It no longer feeks the Ihelter of night and dark-
nefs, but appears in xhebroeideji light. Decay of PUty.

If children wereleft alone in the dark, they would
be no more afraid than in broad funihine. Locke.

4. Grofs ; coarfe.

The reeve and the miller arc diftinguifhed from
each other, as much as the lady priorefs and the
^rofifZ-fpeaking, gap-toothed wife of Bath. Dryeien.

Love made him doubt his ^r0^^ barbarian found ;
By love, his want of words and wit he found.

DryJen.

If open vice be what you drive at,
A name fo broad we'll ne'er connive at. Drydeit.

The broadejl mirth unfeeling folly wears,
Lefs plcafmg far tlian virtue's very tears. Pope.

Room -for my lord ! three jockeys in his train ;
Six huntfmen with a ftiout precede his chair ;
He grins, and looks broad nonfenfe with a ftare.

Pofe.

5. Obfcene ; fulfome; tending to obfce-
nity.

As chaftc and modeft as he is efteemed, it can-
not be denied, but in fome places be is bread and
fulfome. Dryden.

Though now arraign'd, he read with fome de-
light i
Becaufe he fcems to chew the cud again.
When his broad comment makes the text too
plain. Dryden.

6. Bold ; not delicate ; not referved.

Who can fpeak broader than he that has no
houfc to put his head in? Such may rail againft
great buildings. •Shahefpeare.

From broad words, and 'caufe he fail'd
His prefence at the tyrant's feaft, I hear,
Macduff lives in difjjrace. Shakespeare,

Broad as long. Equal upon the whole.

The mobile .ire llill for levelling; that is to fay,
for advancing thcmfclvcs : for it is js broad at long,
whether they rife to others, or bring others down
to them. L'Ejirangc.

Broad-cloth. ». / [from broaei and
cloth.'] A fine kind of cloth.

Thus, a wife tayior is not pinching,
But turns at ev'ry feam an inch in :
Or elfe, be fure, your broad-cloth breeches
Will ne'er be fmouth, nor hold their ftitches. Sv'ift.

Broad-kyed. adj. [fvom broad Mvi eye.]
Having a wide furvey.

In defpitc of broad-eyed watchful day,
I would inro thy bofom pour my thoughts:
But, ah! I will not. Stakefpemt.

B R O

Broad-leaved. eidj. [from ir»iui and
lea/.] Having broad leaves.

Narrow and broad-leaved Cyprus grafs.

ff'^ooj-ivtird on Tojftltp

To Bro'aden. f. n. [from broad.] To

grow broad. I know not whether this

word occur>, but in the following paf-

fage.

Live walks the fun, and broadeni by degreest
Juft o'er the verge of day. tbomfent'

Bro'adly. adv. [from broad, '\ In a
broad manner.

Bro'adkess. n.f. [from broad.] .

1. Breadth > extent from fide to fide.

2. Coarfenefs ; fulforaenefs.

I have ufed the cleaneft metaphor I could find,
to palliate the broadr.ejt of the meaning. Dryden.

Bro'adshoulderbd. adj. [from broezd
and Jhoitlder.] Having a large fpace be-
tween the flioulders.

Big-bon'd, and large of liipbs, with finewt
ftrong;
Broadjhoulder d, and his arms nere round and long.

Dryden.

I am a tall, broadjhenldered, impudent, black

fellow; and, as I thought, every way qualified for

a rich widow. Speilator.

Bro'adside. n.f. [from ^reaa' and _/£/<:.]

1. The fide of a fhip, diftin£t from the
head or ftern.

From vafter hopes than this he fcem'd to fall.
That durft attempt the Biit5lh admiral :
From her broadfidci a ruder Jlame is thrown.
Than from the fiei7 chariot of tlie fun. Waller.

2. The volley of Ihot fired at once from
the fide of a fliip.

3. {In printing.] A iheet of paper, contain-
ing one large page.

Bro'adsword. n. f. [from broad and
fiuord.] A cutting fword, with a broad
blade.

He, in fighting a duel, was run through the
thigh with a broadfword. ffifeman.

Bko'aowise. adv. [from broad and ivi/e.]
According to the direftion of the breadth.
If one fhould, with his hand, thruft a piece of
iron broadmife againft the flat ceiling of his cham-
ber, the iron would not fall as long as the force
of the hand petfevercs to ptefs againft it. Boyle.

BROCA'DE. ». / [brocado. Span.] A
filken fluff, variegated with colours. of
gold or filler.

I have the convcniency of buying and imporcng
rich brocadet. Spedattr.

Or ftain her honour, or her new brocade j f
Forget her pray'rs, or mifs a mafque.aJc. Pope,
Broca'ded. ac//. l^froxa brocade.]

1. Diefl in brocade.

2. Woven in the manner of a brocade.

Should you the rich breaded fuit unfold,
Where riling flow'rs grow ftiff with froftcd gold.

Gay.
Bro'cace. n.f. [from brcie.]

1. The gain gotten by promoting bar-
gains.

Yet fure his hencfty
Got him fmall gains, but Ihamclcfs flattery,
And filthy brocage, and unfccmly ftiifts.
And borrow bafe, and fome good ladies ,:;ift6. Spenf.

2. The hire given for any unlawful office.

As for the politick and wholefsme laws, liey
we e Interpreted to be but brocage of an ufurer,
thereby to woo and win the hearts of the pe.jplc.

Bacvru

3. The trade of dealing in old things ; the
trade of a broker.

Poor poet ape, that would be th>->u£ht our chief,
Whofc Works arc c'cn the tirippery of wit,

Fi(0i

B R O

Frsm irudgi is become fa bold a th'ef.

As we, the robb'd, leave rage, and picy ir. S.JorJ.

4. The tranfaclion of bufinefs for other
men.

So much as the quantity of money is leffened, fo
much muft the (hare of TCry one that has a right
. to this money be the lefrj whether he be landhold-
er, for his g> jds i or labourer, for his hire j or mer-
chant, fnr his hnciige. L'jckc.

BRO'CCOLI. n.f. [Italian.] Afpeciesof
cabbage.

Content with little, I can piddle here
On irocco/i and mutton round the year;
But ancient friends, tho' poor or out of pay.
That touch my bell, I cannot turn away. Peft.

y^BRocHE. See 7« Broach. *

Soi-eaft'ry of Bmillion, at one draught of his
bow, Ihooting againft David'* tower in Jerufalem,
or'.chM three tectlefs bi^ds. Camdm.

Brock, n.f. [bpoc, Saxon.] A badger.
Br o'c K ii T . «./ A red deer, two years old.
Brogue, n.f. [^rof, Irilh.]

1. A kindof flioe.

1 thought he flept; and put
My clouted bnguti tjrom off my feet, whofe rude-

nefj
Anfwer'd my fteps too loud. Sbahffaire.

Sometimes it is given out, that we muft cither
take thefe halfpence, or eat our brogue:. Stvtft.

2. A cant word for a corrupt dialed, or
manner of pronunciation.

Hi^ hrigtjE wi;i deteil mine. Tt2r^ubar.

fVBRO'lDER. -v. a. [iroJir,¥r.] To
adorn with figures of needle-work.

A robe, and a brsidertd coat, and a girdle.

Infant Albion lay
In niantlei troiJtr'J o'er with gorgeous pride.

Bro'idbky. ti.f. [fromiroider.'] Embroi-
dery ; flower-work ; additional orna-
ments wrought upon cloth.

The golden broidery tender Milkah wove,
The bread to Kenna f.icred, and to love.
Lie rent and mangled. Tlckell,

BROIL, n.f. [irouilUr.FT.] A tumult;
a quarrel.

Say to the king thy knowledge of the irol/.

As thuu didft leave it. Siaitj'ftare.

He has fcnt the fword both of civil brtiis, and

public war, amongll uc. ff^kt.

Rude were their re\eU, and obfcene their joys ;

The irtUi of drunlunls, and the iuii of boys.

Grarpvit/e.

To BROIL, v. a. [bruler, Fr.] To drefs
or cook by laying on the coals, or be-
fore the fire.

Some ftrip the flcin, fomc portion out the fpoll.
Some on the fire the reeking entrails broU, Dryd.

To Broil, 'v. n. To be in the heat.

Where have you been broiling f

Among tiic crowd i' th' abbey, where a finger

Could not be wedg'd in raore. Sbakejfure.

Long ere now all the planets and comets had

been broiling in the fun, had tile world lifted from

all curnity. Cheyne.

To BROKE, 1/. «. [of uncertain etymo-
■ logy. Skinner feems inclined to derive
it from To break, becaufe broken men
torn faftors or broken. Cajaubon, from
vfuTltn. Shinner thinks, again, that it
may be contrafted from procurer. Mr.
Lye more probably deduces it from
bnuccan. Sax. to be bi /.] To tranf-
*Si bufinefs for others, or by others. It
is ufed generally in reproach.

He does, indeed,,
And broin with all that can, in' fuch a fuit,
Coriuft tbe teadet boneur of a maid. ihakeff.

B R O

The gains of bargains ars 0^ » more doubtful
nature, when men ihould wiit upon others re-
ctJlity ; broke by lervants and inftruments to drav.
them on. Baccn.

Bro'kinc. particip, adj. Pra£lifed by
brokers.

Redeem from broking pawn the blemilh'd crown,
Wipe off the dull that hides our fceptre's gilt.

Sbakefpeari;.
Bro'ken. [particip. pajf. of break. '\

Preferve men's wits from being broken with the
very i)cnt of io long attention . Hooker.

Bro'ken meat. n.f. Fragments; meat
that has been cut.

Get tiirec or four chairwomen to attend you
conftantly in the kitchen, whqm you pay at ftnall
charges j only with the broktn meat, a few coals,
and all the cinders. Sv^ift.

Bro'kenhearted. adj. [from broken
and heart.'] Having the fpirits cruflied
by grief or fear.

He hath fcnt me to bind up the brokenhearlid.

Ifaiab.

Bro'kenly. <7i/7y. [from broken.'] Without
any regular feries.

Sir Richard Hopkins, hath done fomewhat of
this kind, but brokenly and glancingly ; intending
chiefiy a difcourfe of his own voyage. Hakrwill.

Bro'ker. n.f. [from To broke.]

1. A faiSor; one that does bufinefs for
another ; one that makes bargains for
another.

Brokers, who, having no ftock of their own, fct

up and trade with that of other men ; buying

here, and felling there, and "commonly abuting

both fides, to make out a little paultry gain. Temple.

Some South-fea broker, from the city.

Will purchafe me, the more 's the pity ;

Lay all my fine plantations wafte.

To fit them to hiff vulgar talle. S^vift.

2. One who deals in old houfeliold goods.

3. A pimp ; a match-maker.

A goodly broker f
Dirt you prefume to harbour wanton lines j '
To whifper and confpire againll my youth ? Sbak.
In chufing for yourfelf, you fhew'd your judg-
ment ;
Which being fhaltow, you fhall give me leave
To play the broker in mine own behalf. Sbakefp,

Bro'kerace. n.f. [from broker.] The
pay or reward of a broker. Sec Bro-
cage.

Bro'nCHOCELE. tt. /. [0ioyv.oxi>.tl.] A

tumour of that part of the afpera arteria,
called the bronchui. ^incy,

Bro'nchial. ladj. [^fryx©-.] Belonging

B ro'n c h 1 c k. J to the throat.

Inflammation of the lungs may happen either
in thcbronebial or pulmonary vcffels, and may foon
be communicated from one to the other, when the
inflammation affects both the lobes, jlrbutbnot.

B RON c H o'to M Y.n.f. \_3^!iyK&- and tifiLiiu.]
That operation which opens the wind-
pipe by incifion, to prevent fufFocation
m a quinfey. ^incy.

The operation of bnnebotomy is an incifion into
the afpera arteria, to make way for thl^ir into
the lungs, when refpiration is obftrudted by any
tumour comprcfling the larynx. Sharp's Surgery.

Brond. h./. See Brand. .A fword.

Foolifh old man, laid then the p.ig.m wroth.
That weencft words or charms may force with-
ftond ;
S»n (halt thou fee, and then believe for troth,
That I can carve with this enchanted brond.

, Spenfer.

Bronto'locy. n.f. [^(itrri and ?,(,yla.]
A diHertation upon thunder, DiS.

B R a

ffRONlTE. jr./ l^honxi* Fr.J
I. Brafs.

Imbrown'd with native bnnxe, lo ! Henley

Tunin;^ his voice, and ba'ancing his hands* Fo^e-*

z. Relief, or ftatue, call in brafs.

I. V ew with angpr and djfdain,
How little gives ihte joy and pain ;
A piint, a hrcftxei a flower, a root,
A iheii, a buiteifiy can d,. 't. ■ Prior*

BROOCH, n.f [broke, Dutch. J

1. A jewel ; an ornament of jewels.

Ay, marry, uur chains and our jewels..^
Vour brooches, pearls, and owchts. Shakeffsare^

Richly fuited, but unfejfonabtc \ juft like the
brooch and the toothpick, which we w-a. r'»t now*

Skakfjpeare.

I know him well ; he is the brooch, indeed.
And gem of all the nation. Shak Iprare,

2. [With painters.] A painting all of one
colour. Diiif,

To Brooch, "w. a. [from the noun.} To
adorn with jewels.

Not th' imperious fhow
Of the full-fortun'd Ctefar, ever fhall
Be broocb'd with me. SBakefpearei,

To BROOD, -v. n. [bp^an. Sax.]

1 . To fit as on eggs ; to hatch them.

Thou from the firft
Waft prefcnt, and, with mighty wings outfpread.
Dove-like fat'ft -Woodiiig on the vafl abyfs.
And mad'ft it pregnant. Milton.

Here nature ipreads her fruitful fweetnefs round.
Breathes on the air, and broods upon the ground.

Dryden.

2. To cover chickens under tlie wing.

Exalted hence, and drunk with fecrct joy.
Their young fucceflion all their cares employ ;
They breed, they brood, inftruft, and educate ;
And make provifion for the future (late. Drydcn.

Find out fome uncouth cell.
Where brooding darknefs fpreads his jealous wings.
And the night raven fiugs. Miltm,

3. To remain long in anxiety, orfolicitous
thought.

Defraud their clients, and, to lucre fold.
Sit brwdiug on unprofitable gold. Drydcrt,

As rejoicing mifcrs
Brood o'er their precious {lores of fecrct gold.

Snsnh.

4. To matOTc any thing by care.

It was the opinion of I linias, ao if there were
ever amongft nations i brooding of. a war, and that:
tliere is no fure league but impuiffance to do hurt.

Bacon .

To Brood, v. a. To cheriflv by care.

Of crowds afraid, yet anxious when alone.
You'll fit and b:o<id your forrows on a throne.

Drjdei:^

Brood, n.f [from the verb.]

1. Offspring ; progeny. It is now hardly
ufei of human beings, but in contempt.

The heavenly father keep his bra:d
From foul infection of fo great a vice. Fairfax.
With terrours and with clamours compafs'J
round,
Of mine own brood, that on my bowels feed. Milt.

Or any other of that heavenly brood,
Let down in cloudy tlirone to do the world ftimc
good. Ajt'.ton.

/^Tuin difcourfes of ftorkj, and their affection
toward their brood, whom they in(liu£t to fly.

Broione's Vulgar Errsurs.

2. Thing bred ; fpeci°3 generated.

Have you forgotten I.ybia's burning wafles,
Its barren ruclc3,parcli'd earth, and liills of land,
lt» tainted air, and all its broods of poifon ? Addlf,

3. A hatch; the number hatched at once.

I was wonderfully pleafed to fee the different
woikings of iuftinftia a- hen followed by a brood
of dlH.'Ju»- Sprfialor.

4. Something

B R O

4. Something brought forth i aproduAioD.

Such things'become the hatch and brad of time

SbaktJlieare.

5. The aft of covering the eggs.

Sumeching 's in nis foul,
O'er vhich his melancholy fits on bri>id\
And I d&ubt the hutch and the difclofe
Will be fome dinger. Shakrjfcari.

Buo'cDy. ajj. [from ItrooJ.] In aftateof
fitting on the eggs ; inclined to fit.

The common hen, ail tl<e while fite is broody,
iiti, and leads her cliickens, and ufe;* Toice which
we call clocking, Ray.

3aooK. n./. [bnoc, or bpoca. Sax.] A
running water, lefs than a river.

A fubllitutc Uiines brightly as a king,
Until a king he by ; and then his (late
Empties itfelf, as doth an inland brook
into the main of waters. Shake/fttre,

Or many grateful altars I would rear
Of pially turf; and pile up every ftone
Of luflre from the brock j in memory,
Of aionament to ages. JUiltm.

And to Ccpliifus' brook their way purfue ;
The ilrcam was troubled, but the tord they knnv.

Vryder.,

Springe make little rivulets; thofe united, make
brcoh ; and thofe coming together, make rivers,
which empty themfclvcs into the fea. Loch.

fe BROOK, a-, a. [briucan,Sax.]Tobearj
to endure ; to fupport.

Even they, which brook it worft that men fliould
tell them of their duties, when they are told the
iame by a law, think very well and reafonably of
it. Hooker.

A thoufand more mifchances than this one
Have learned me to brook this patiently. Shakejp.

How ufc doth breed a habit in a man !
This ihadowy defart, unfrequented woods,
I better ^m^ than flourilhing peopled towns. Sbak,

Heav'n, the feat of blifs.
Brooks not the works of violence and war. Miltor:.

Molt men can much rather brook their being
reputed knaves, than for their honefty be account-
ed fools. South.

Reftraint thou wilt not brook ; but think it hard.
Your prudence is not trufted as your guard. Dryd.

To Brook, v. n. To endure; to be con-
tent.

He, in thefe wars, had flatly refufed his aid ;
becaufc he could not brook that the worthy prince
Plangus was, by his cboien Tiridaces, preferred
before hitn. Sidney-

Bro'oklime. n.f.^ [hecabuttga, Lat.] A
Tort of water fpeedwell, very common in
ditches.

BROOM, n.f. lgenij}a; bfiom, Saxon.]

I . A fmall tree.

Ev'ii humble broom and oCers have their ufe.
And flude for iheep, and food for Aocks, produce.

Dryden.

S, A befom : fo called from the matter of
which it is fometimcs made.

Nut a moufe
Shall difturb this hallow'd houfe (
I am fent with broom before,
To fwccp the dull behind the door. Sbak.
If they came into the bell apartment, to fet any
thing in order, they were falutcd with a br^om.

y4rbutbnct-

Bro'omlakd. tt. a [broom and lanJ.]
Land that bears broom.

I hjve kinwn fliiMip cured of the rot, when they
have not been tar gone with it, by being put intJ
broomlands. Moriiri'r,

Bro'omstafp. n.f. [from broom andy?a^;]
The ftaiF to which the broom is bound ;
the handle of a befom.

They fell on; 1 made good my place: at length
they cams Co the brtcmflaffm^ «e ; I defied 'em
*JU. SbakrJl'cart.

B R O

From the age
That children tread this worldly ftige,
Brtcmjlflff at poker they beitride,
And round the parlour li:vc to ride. Prior,
Sir Roger pointed atfomeching behind the door,
which I found to be an old bro'anfiaff. SpeBator.

Bro'omstick. n.f. The fame as broom-
llafF.

When I beheld this, I Cghcd, and faid within
myfeif, Scrilv mobtai. Man is a Broom-
s ricic! Siuift'i Mrditamr.s on a Broomftkk.

Broomy. aifj, [from breom.'\ Full of
broom.

If land grow moiTy or bnomyf then break it up
again. Mortimer.

The youth with broomy flumps began to trace
The kennel edge, where wheels had worn the
placer Stvifi.

Broth, n. /. [bporS, Sax.] Liquor in
which flefh is boiled.

"i'oii may make the bnth for two days, and take
the one half every day. Bacon.

InlVead of light defcrts and lufcious froth.
Our author treats to-night with Spartan brotb.

Southernt.
If a nurfe, after being fucked dry, eats brinh,
the infant will fuck the brotb, almoft unaltered.

Arbuihnot.

Bro'thel. l"/ \bordel, Fr.] A

Bro'thelhouse. I houfe of lewd enter-
tainment ; a bawdyhoufe.

Perchance
I faw him enter fuch a houfe of fale,
Videlicet, a brothel. Shaktfftare.

Then courts of kings were held in high renown.
Ere made the common brctieli of the town 1
There virgins honourable vows recciv'd,'
But challe as maids in moiialVerics liv'd. Dryden.

From its old ruins brothelhoujes rife.
Scenes of lewd loves and of polluted joys. Drydejt.

The libertine retires to the ftews and to the bro-
thel, Rogers.

BROTHER, n.f. [broken, bno«op. Sax]
Plural, brothers, or brethren,

1. One born of the fame father and mother.

Be fad, good brothers ;
Sorrow fo royalty in you appears.
That I will deeply put the falhion on. Sbakefp.

Whilft kin their kin, brother the brother foils,
Like ehiigns all againd like enfigns bend. Daniel.

Thefe two are brethren, Adam, and to come
Out of thy loins. Milton.

Comparing two men, in reference to one com-
mon parent, it is very eafy to form the ideas of
brother,. Locke.

2. Any one clofely united ; affociate.

We few, we happy few, we band o( brothers \
For he to-day that fheds his blood with me.
Shall be my brother, ShaktJ'peare.

3. Any one refembling another in manner,
form, or profeffion.

He alfo that is flothful in his work, is brother
to him that is a great waller. Proverbs.

I will eat no meat while the world ftandeth,
left I make my brother to offend. Corinthians.

4. Brother is ufed, in theological language,
for man in general.

B R o't H E R H 00 D . n.f, [from brother and

hood.]
I . The flate or quality of being a brother.

This deep Jifi;!ai:e of bruterbcod
Touchi-s me deeper than you can imagine. Shak.

fmii brother!, ood in thee no Iharper Ipur ? Shak.

So it bo a right to govern, whether you call it
fupreme fathcihnod, or fupreme bretkerhxd, will
be al! one, provided we know who has it. Locke.

z. An affociation of men for any purpofe ;
a fraternity.

There w^s a fraternity of men at arms, called
the brotherhood of St. George, erciled by parlia-
ment, confilling of thirteea Uie fao& noble an!
worthy perf»n>. Duviis.

B R O

3, A daft of men of the fame kind.

He was fometimes fo engaged among tlie wheels
that not above half the poet appeared ; at other
times, he became as confpicuous as any of the
brotherhood, jiddifon,

Bro'therly. aelj. [from brother."] Na-
tural ; fuch as becomes or befeems a
brother.

He was a pried, and looked for a priell's re»
ward J which was our brotherly love, and the good
of our fouls and bodies. Bacon,

Though more our money than our caufc
Their brotherly afiillancc draws. Denbam,

They would not go before the laws, but fallow .
them ; obeying their fuperiours, and embracing or.e
another in brotherly piety a id concord. Addifcn,

Bro'therly. ad'v. After the raaf.ner of
a brother; with kindnefs and affedion.

1 fpeak but brotherly of him ; but (hould I ana-
tomize lum to thee as he is, I mull blulh an4
weep. Shakf/peare.

Brought, [participle paj/i-ve of bring,]

The Turks forfofik the walls, and could not
be brought again to the afiault. KnoUet*

The inftances brought by our author are but
fler^der proofs. Locke,

BROW. n.f. [bpopa, Saxon.]

1 . The arch of hair over the eye.

'Tis now the hour which all t.t rcil allow.
And fleep fits heavy upon every brotv, Dryden,

2. The forehead.

She could have run, and waddled about ;
For even the day before Ihe broke her brow, Shak,

So we (omr antique hero's ftrength
Learn by his launcc's weight and length ;
As tlicle vaft beams cxprefs the bcatl.
Whole (hady bro^cs alive they drell. ffaller,

3. The general air of the countenance.

Then call them to our prefcnce, face to face.
And frowning brovi to bro^v. Sbah-fpeare*

Though all things foul would bear the bro^os of
grace.
Yet grac^ mull look Hill fo. Shakejpeartm

4. The edge of any high place.

The earl, nothing difmayed, came forwards that
day unto a little village, called Stoke, and tliere
encamped that night, upon the brovi or hanging
of a hill. Bacon,

On the brcfw of the hill, beyond that city, they
were fomewhat perplexed by efpying the French
emhalTador, with the king's coach, and others at-
tending him. fVotioo,

Them with fire, and hoftile arms,
Fearlefs alTauIti an^ to the brotc of heav'n
Purfuing, drive them out fram God and blifs.

Milton,

To BROW. V, a, [from the noun.] To
bound ; to limit ; to be at the edge of.

Tending my flocks hard by, i' th' hilly crofrj
That i/nu this bottom glade. Milton,

To Bro'wbeat. v. a. [from broiv and
beat.] To deprefs with fevere brows,
and ftern or loi'ty looks.

It is not for a magiftrate to frown upon, and
browbeat, thofe who are hearty and cxaiS in their
miniftry ; and, with a grave nod, to call a ro-
folved zeal want of prudence. South,

What man will voluntarily expofe himfclf tothc
imperious bmvbeaiings and fcoros of great men }

L'EJIrangi,

Count Tariff" endeavoured to bnwbcat the plain-
tlff, while he was fpeaking ; but though he was
not fo impudent as the count, he was every whit
ai llurdy. Mdifon,

I will not he browbeaten by the fupcrcilicus looks

of my adverfaries. Arhuthn:i and Pope.

Bro'wboun D.adj. [irom broixi z.vii\ bound.]

Crowned ; having the head encircled as

with a diadem.

In that day's feats.
He prov'd the beft man i' th' Jield j and, for liil

meed.
Was bmv-bouitd with Che oak, Shatejpeare.

' Bro'wsjck.

B R U

B R U

B R U

Bro'wsick. adj. [from hniu and Jtck-I
Dejefted ; Hanging the head.

But yet a gracious influence from you
May alter nature in our hrawfick crew. Stieklirg.

BROWN, adj. [bpun, Saxon.] The name
of a colour, compounded of black and
any other colour.

Brown, in high Durch, is called iraiin ; in the
Netherlands, irajan 5 intrench, cohur brum ; in
Italian, hrurio, Peacham.

1 like the new tire within excellently, if the hair
were a little irvwner. Sbahjpeare.

From whence high Ithaca o'erlooks the floods,
Bnwn with o'ercharging Ihades and penaent
woods. Pofe.

Long untravcUM heaths,
Withdefolation^rswn, he wanders wafle. Tlomfcn.

Bro'wnbill. n.f. [from ^r»w« and ^7/.]
The ancient weapon of the Englifli foot ;
why it is called brotvn, I have not'dif-
covered ; but we now fay brovin mujket
from it.

And hr'.'mr.b'dii, levied in the city,
M.ide bills to pafi the grand committee. Uud'ibrai.
Bro'wnish. adj. [from hrown.^ Some-
what brown.

A hr'jian\pi grey iron-ftone, lying in thin ftrata,
is poor, but runs freely. Wvjdiuard.

Bro'wnness. n.f. [from irowrt.l Abrown
colour.

She would confefs the contention in her own
mind, between that lovely, indeed moft lovely,
brc-wr.ntfs of MuAdorus*s face, and this colour of
mine. Sidrey.

Bro'wnstudy. n.f. [from brown and
Jfudy.l Gloomy meditations ; ftudy in
which we direct our thoughts to no cer-
tain point.

They li\ e retired, and then they do«e awajr their
time in drowfinefs and ^r«wr/?a(//«; or, if biilk
and a^ive, they Iny themfelves out wholly in
mjlcir.g common places. Norri:.

To BROWSE. 1/. a. [brou/er, Fr.] To
eat branches, or flirubs.

And being down, is trod in the durt
Of cattle, ai.d hrimjtd, and forely hurt. Spenfjr.

Thy palate then did deign
The roughed berry on the rudeA hedge :
Vea, like the (lag, when fnow the pafture fheets,
The baiks of trees thou braufcdji. Sbaitjftori.

ToBrowse. "v.n. To feed: itiaufedwith
the particle on.

They have feared away two of my bed fliecp ;
if any where 1 have them, 'tis by the fea-fide,
hrnufing en ivy. Shakcjfiari.

A goat, hard preHed, took fan£luary in a vine.
7»rJ \ fo foon as he thought the danger over, he
fell prefently a irvwfitig b^» the It »ve«. L'EJirange.

Could eat the lerider platit^ and, by degrees,
£ri/wjt on the fhrubi, and crop the budding trees.

Blackmcrc,

The Greeks were the defcendants oi favagcs,

Ignorant c^i agricvlcare, and hrtwjing on hrrbigT,

like catt.e. Arbuibnoi.

Browse, n.f. [from the verb.] Branches,
or (hrubs, fit for the food of goats, or
other animals.

The greedy lionefs the wolf purfucs,
Thewulfthekid, the wanton kid ihe^r:^u>/r. Dryd.

On that cloud-piercing hill,
Plinlimmon, from afar, the traveller kens,
Aftoniih'd, how the goats their ihrubby brcivfe
Gnaw pendent. Phi/it i.

To BRUISE. 'V. a. \_brifer, Fr.] To crulh
or mangle with the heavy blow of fom«-
thing not edged or pointed ; to erufn
by any weight ; to beat into grofs pow-
der ; to beat together coarfeiy.

Fellows in arms, and my moft loving friends,
BiuU'd ucderneath the yoke of tyranny. Shaliff.

Vol. I.

And fix far deeper in his head their ftings,
Than temporal death fliall bru'ife the viftor's heel.
Or theirs whom he redeems. Mihon.

As in old chaos heav'n with earth confus'd.
And ftars with rocks together crafli'd and bru'n'd.

lyallir.

They beatthcirbreaftswith manya^rar^n^biow,
Till they turn livid, and corrupt the fnow. Dryd.

Bruise, n.f. [from the verb.] A hurt
with fomething blunt and heavy.

One ann'd with metal, th* other svith wood,
This fit lor bruij'ey and that for blood. Hudibres.

1 iince h.ive laboured
To bind the bruifet of a civil war.
And (I'op the iflues of their wafting blood. Dryd.

Bru'isewort. n.f. An herb; the lame

with COMFREY.

BRUIT, n. /. [iruii, Fr.] Rumour;
noife ; report.

A bruit ran from one to the other, that the king
was'dain. Sidney.

Upon fome bruits he apprehended a fear, which
moved him to fend Co Sir William Herbert to re-
main his friend. Hayward.

I am not
One that rej-iices in the cODimon wreck.
As common bruir doth put ic, Shiikff^eare.'

To Bruit, -v. a. [from the noun.] To
report ; to noife abroad ; to rumour.
Neither the verb nor the noun are now
much in ufe.

His death.
Being bruited once, took fire and heat away
Fiom the beft temper'd courage in his troops.

Shahfpeare.
It was hmitej, that I meant nothing lef than to
go to Guiana. Rei/tigb.

Bru'mal. adj. [brumalii, Lat.] Belong-
ing to the winter.

-Abo'.it the brumaJ folftice, it hath been obfer-
ved, even unto a proverb, that the Tea is talm, and
the winds do ceafc, till the young ones are exclud-
ed, and forfake their nefts. Brmvn,

Brun,Bran, Brown, Bourn, Burn,
are all derived from the Saxon, bopn,
boupn, bpunna, bupna ; all fignifying a
river or brook. Gihj'on.

Brune'tt. «./. [^/•an«/«', French.] A
woman with a brown complexion.

Vour fair women therefore thought of this
falhion, to inl'ult the olives and the brunettes.

Mdifon.

Bru'nion. n, f. [Irugnen, Fr.] A fort of
fruit between a plum and a peach.

Trevoux.
Bru'nt. n.f. \hrunf}, Dutch,]

1. Shock ; violence.

Erona chofe rather to bide the brunt of war,
than venture him. Sidney.

Cod, who caus'd a fountain, at thy pniy'r,
From the dryiground to fpring, thy thiift t' allny
After the brunt of battle. Milton.

F.iithful minillers are to ftand and endure the
hritnt : a common foldier may fly, when it is the
du'y of hioi that holds the iiandard to die upon
the place. ' South.

2. Blow ; ftroke.

A wicked ambulh, which lay hidden long
In the dofe covert of her guileful eyen.
Thence breaking forth, did thickabouc me throng.
Too feeble i t' abide the brunt fo ftrong. Spcnjcr.

The friendly rug prefcrv'd the ground,
And h' i.iiong knight, from bruife or wound.
Like featherbed betwixt a wall.
And heavy brunt of csnnon-ball. lludibras.

BRUSH. «. / • \_broJe, Fr. from bt^ifcus,
Lat.]

I. An inftrument to clean any thing, by
rubbing off the dirt or foil. It is gene-
rally made of brillles fet in wood.

2. It is ufed for the larger and ftronger
pencils ufed by painters.

Whence comes all this rage of wit ? this arming
all the pencils and brujhes of the town againft me f

StiUingJteet,

With a fmall hrujh you muft fmear the glu- well
upon the joint of each piece. M^xon,

3. A rude aflault ; a fhock ; rough treat-
ment; wliich, by the fame metaphor,
we call Ajcouring.

Lee grow thy finews till their knots be ftrong,
And tempt not yet the brufljcs oi the war. Shai.

It could not be poflible, that, upon fo little a
brup as Waller had fuftained, he could not be able
to follow and difturb the king. Clarendin,

Elle, when we put it to the puHi,
They hai not giv'n us fuch a biujh. Hudibras.
To Brush. 1/. a. [from the noun.]

1. To fweep or rub with a brufli.

If he be not in love with fome woman, there is'
no believing old figns : he brujhes his hat 0' morn-
ing ; what (hould that bode ? Shaiejpeare.

2. To ftrike with quicknefs, as in brufti-
ing.

The wrathful bead about him turned light.
And him (0 rudely palling by, did brujh
With his long tail, that horie and man to ground
did rulh. Spenfer's Fairy Siueen,

Has Somnus brujh'd thy eyelids with his rod ?

Dry den.

His fon Cupavo brujh'd the briny flood.
Upon his ftern a brawny centaur ftood. Dryden,

High o'er the billows flew the mafly load,
And near the fliip came thund'ring on the Hood,
It almoft brujh'd the helm. P'fe,

3. To paint with a brufh.

You have commiflioncd me to paint your Ihop,
and I have done my beft to bruJh you up like your
neighbours. Pope.

4. To carry away, by an aft like that of
brulhing ; to fweep.

And from the boughs bruJh off the evil dew, *
And heal ihe harms of thwarting thunder blew.

Mi/ton,

The receptacle of waters, into which the
mouths of all rivers muft empty themfelves, ought
to have fo fpacious a furface, that as much water
may be continually brujhed oft" by the winds, and
exhaled by the fun, as, ^efides what falls again, i»
brought into it by all the rivers. Bentley.

5. To move as the brufh.

A thoufand nights have brujh'd their balmy
wii;gs
Over thefe eyes. Dryden.

To BsusH. f. n.

1. To move with hade : a ludicrous word,
applied to men.

Nor wept his fate, nor call a pitying eye.
Nor took him down, but bruJh d regardlcfs by.

Dryden,

The French had g.ither'd all their force,
And William met thi?m in their way j
Vet off" they brujh'd, both foot and horfe. Prior-,

2. To fly over ; to (kim lightly.

Nor love is always of a vicious kmd.
But oft to virtuous :ifls inflames the mind.
Awakes the (leepy vigour of the foul.
And, brujiing o'er, adds motion to the pool. Dryd.

Bru'sher. «./. [horn brujk.] He that
ufcs a brufii.

Sir Henry Wotton ufed to fay, thatcriticks were
like brujhers of noblemen's cloatlis. Bacon.

Br,u'shwood. »./ [from ^ra/f?" and wW.
I know not whether it may not be cor-
rupted from bro^fe ivood.] Rough, low,
clofe, (hrubby thickets ; fraall wood fit
for fire.
It fmokes, and then with trembling breath fli«
blows,
Till in a cheerful bUze the flames arofc.

Hh Witfc

B R U

With bnifimiKi, and with ch'pi, /Se ftrengthcns
thefe,

And adds tx lad the boughs of rotten trees. Drydtn.

Bru'shy. aJj. [from brujh.'\ Rough or
fliaggy, like a brulh.

I fufpeOed, that it might have proceeded from
fome fmall unhi:eded drop of blood, wiped off by
the brupj fubftance of the nerve, from the knife
wherewith it was cut. Bcylc.

TVBru'stle. •v.n. [bpaj-tban. Sax.] To
crackle ; to make a fmall noife. Skinner.

Bru'tal. adj. \brutal, French ; from
brute.'\

1 . That which belongs to a brute ; that
which wc have in common with brutes.

There is no oppoHng brutal force to the (Ira-
tagents of human reafon. L^EJlrange.

2. Savage ; cruel ; inhuman.

The brutal bus'nefs of the war
Is manag'd by thy dreadful fcrvants care. DryJin.
BRu'TALitY. n. f. [irutalite. Ft.] Sa-
vagenefs ; churlilhnefs ; inhumanity.

Courage, in an ill-bred man, has tlie air, and
efcapes not the opinion, of brutality. Lode.

7'e Bru'talize. 1/. ». [hrutalifer, Fr.]
To grow brutal or favage.

Upon being carried to the Cape of Good Hope,
he mixed, in a kind of tranfport, with his coun-
trymen, brutalized with them in their habit and
manners, and would ncTcr again retura to his fo-
reign acquaintance. Milijon.

To Bru talize. 'V. a. To make brutal

or favage.
Bru'tally. atlv. [from brutal.l Chur-

lithly ; inhumanly ; cruelly.

Mrs. Bull aimed a knife at John, though John
threw a bottle at hejr head, very brutally indeed.

Arhuthrtot.

BRUTE. aJj. [brutus, Latin.]

1. Senfelefs ; unoonfcious.

Nor yet arc we fa low and bafe as their athcifm
would deprefi us j not wjlking ftatues of clay, not
the fons of brute earth, whofc final inheritance is
death and corruption. B^niley.

2. Savage ; irrational ; ferine.

Even brut! animals make ufe of this artificial
way, of making divers motions to have feveral fig-
nifications, to call, warn, chide, cheriih, threaten.

Uilder.

In the-promulgation of the Mofaick law, if f
much as a brute beaft touched the mountain, it
was to be ilruck through with a dart. Sautb.

3. Beftial ; in common with beaAs.

Then tofubdue, and quell, throusli all the earth,
Brute violence, and proud tyrannic p:jwV. Miltott.

4. Rough ; ferocious ; uncivilized.

The brute philofophcr, who ne'er has prov'd
The joy of loving, or of being lov'd. Fcpe.

BauTE. It. /. [from the adjeftive.] An
irrational creature ; a creature without
reafon ; a favage.
What may this mean ? Language of man pro-
nounc'd
By tongue of brutt, and human fenfe cxprefs'dl

Milicn.
To thofe three prefent imrulfes, of fenfe, me-
mory, and inrtinfl, moft, if not all, the fagacitics
of brutei may be reduced. Hale.

Brutet may be confidered as either aerial, terref-
trial, aquatick, or amphibious. I call thofe aerial
which ■have wing^, wherewith they can fupport
themfclves in the »ir : terrcOrial arc thofi-, whofc
only place of rcit is upon ih: earth ; aquacick are '
thofe, whofc conftant abode is upon the water.

Luke.
Heav'n from all creatures hides the book of fate.
All but the page prefcrib'd, this prtfent ftate j
From brutei what men, from men what fpirits

know;
Or who could fuffer being here below ? feft.

BUB

7b Brute. <i>. a. [written ill {<n iruit."]
To report.

This, once hrated through the army, filled tbem
all W'ith hcavincfs. Knollei.

Bru'teness. n. /. [from brute,] Bruta-
lity; a word n6t now ufed.

Thou dotard vile.
That with thy brutenefi Jhcnd'il tliy comely age.

Sj?erffr.

To Bru'tifv. -v. a. [from hrutt.] To
make a man a brute.

0 thou fallacious woman ! am I then brutifiedf
Ay J 1 feel ic here ; I fprout, I bud, 1 am ripe
horn mad. Cbngreve.

Bru'tish. adj. [from brute.]

1. Beftial ; relembling a bealL

Oliris, Ifis, Orus, and their train.
With monftrous fliapes and forceries abus'd
Fanatick Egypt, and her priefts, to feck
Their wand'ring gods difguis'd in brutijh forms.

Miltin.

2. Having the qualities of a brute ; rough ;
favage ; ferocious.

Brutes, and htuiifh men, arc commonly more
able to bear pain than others. Crew.

3. Grofs ; carnal.

For thou thyfelf haft been a libertine.
As fcnfual as the briiiijh fting itfelf. Sbakejfeare.

After he has flept himfelf into fomc ufe of liim-
felf, by much ado he ftaggcrs to his table again,
and there afls over the fame Irutijb fcene. Seutb,

4.. Ignorant ; untaught ; uncivilized.

They were not fo brurijh, that they could be
ignorant to call upon the name of God. Ihiker.

Br w'nsHLY. adv. [from brutijh.'] In the
manner of a brute ; favagely ; irration-
ally ; grofsly.

1 am not fo diffident of myfelf, as brutijhty to
fubmit to any man's dilates. King Charles.

For a man to found a confident praftice upon a
difputable principle, is brutijhiy to outrun his rej-
fon. South.

Bru'tishness. 7!./. [from ira/z/Z'.] Bru-
tality ; favagenefs.

All other courage, bcfiaes that, is not true va-
lour, but brutijht.fji. i^prr.tt.

Br y'ony. K.yl [brjonia, hziim,] A plant.
BuB. n. /. [a cant word.] Strong malt
liquor.

Or if it be his fate to meet
With folks who have more wealth than wit.
He loves cheap port, and double Bubf
And fettles in the humdrum dab. Prkr.

BU'BBLE. fi. /. [bobbd, Dutch.]

1 , A fmall bladder of water ; a jilm of
water filled with wind.

Bubbles arc i:i the form of a hemifphere ; air
within, and a little /kin of water without : and it
fcemeth fomcwhat ftrange, that the air Ihould rife
fo fwiftly, while it is in the water, and when it
Cometh to the top, /houid be ftaycd by fo weak a
cover as that of the bubble is. Bacon.

The colours of bubbles, with which children
play, are various, and change their fituation vari-
oully, without any tefpeft to confine or fltadow.

JVrti-ron.

2. Any thing which wants folidity and
firmnefs ; any thing that is riiore fpe-
cious than real.

The earl of Lincoln wr,s induced to pa'ticipate,
not lightly upon the ftrength of the proceedings
tliere, which was but a bubble, but upon letteis
from the lady Margaret. Bacon.

Then a foldier.
Seeking the bulble reputation,
Even in the cannon's mOuth. Shaiefpeare.

Vfis, he fung, is toil and trouble.
Honour but an empty bubble,
Fighting Aill, and ItiU deftroyiog. Dryden.

B U C

3. A cheat ; a falfe fhow.

The nation then too late will find,
Dire<Jors proinifes but wind,
Suuth.fea at beft a mighty bubble. Swift,

4. The perfon cheated.

Ceafc, dearell mother, ceafe to chide ;
Gany '5 a cheat, and I'm a bubble;
Yet why this great excefs of trouble ? PW:r.

He has been my bubble thefe twenty years, and,
to my certain knowledge, underftands no more of
bis own affairs, than a child in fwaddling clothes.

jirhuthnu.

To Bu'bble. v. n. [from the noun.]

1. To rife in bubbles.

Alas ! a crimfon river of warm blood,
Like to a bubbling fountain ftiir'd with wind.
Doth rife and fall. ShaitJ/Kijre.

Adder's fork, and blindworm's Hing,
Lizard's leg, and owlet's wing :
For a charm of pow'rful trouble.
Like a hellbroth boil and bubble. Shak.-ffetre.

Still bubble on, and pour forth blood and tears.

Drydett,

The fame fpring fufters at fome times a very
manifefl rvmiffion of its heat ; at others, as ma-
nifsft an increafe of it; yea, f'>metimci to that
excefs, as to make it boil and bubble with extreme
heat. H^Ktdvard.

2. To run with a gentle noife.

. For thee the biibbling fprings appcar'd to mourn.
And whifpering pines made vows for thy return.

Drydeitt
Not bubbling fountains to the thirfty-fwain.
Not (how'rs to larks, or funfliine to thcfbee.
Are half fo charming as thy fight to me. Pcpe.

To Bu'bble. v. a. To cheat: a cant
word.

He tells me, with great paflion, that (he has
bubbled him out cf his youth ; and has drilled him
on to five and fifty. Addif^n.

Charles Mather could not bubble a young beau
better wi:h a toy. Arbuthr.ot,

Bu'bbler. n.y. [from bubble.] A cheat.

What words can fuffice to expicl's, how infi-
nitely I edecm you, above all the great ones in thia
part of the world ; above all the Jew:^, j ibbers, and
bubblers I , b^igby to PeJ>t.

Bu'bby. ». /. A woman's breaft.

Foh ! fay they, to fee a handfome, brilk, genteel,
young fellow, fo much governed by n .iuJt'n^ old
woman j why don't you go and fuck the tyubtjy f

jitbuthnot,

Bu'bo. n.f. [Lat. from /3aC», the groin.}
That part of the groin from the bend-
ing of the thigh to the fcrotum ; and
therefore all tumours in that part are
called buboes. i^incy.

I fuppurated it after the manner of a bubo,
opened it, and endeavoured deteilion. fFiJttnan,

Bubonoce'le. «. /. [Lat. from Sieviv,
the groin, and xii\r,, a rupture.] A par-
ticular kind of rupture, when the intisf-
tincs break down into the g;oin. ^incy.
When the inteftinc, or omentm. , Mils through
the rings of the abdominal mufclcs m;o tlie groin,
it is called hernia inguinaiis, crif into the fcrotum,
Jcrotalis : thefe two, tiiough the firil only is pro-
pcrly fo called, are known by the name of bubonocele.

Sharp,

Bu'bukle. 11. /. A red pimple.

His face is all bubukles, and whelks, and knobs,
and flames of fire. Shtikefbetire.

Bucani'ers. n.f. A cant word for the

privateers, or pirates of America.
Buccei-la'tion. «../". [I>uccella,z mouth-
ful, Lat.] In fome chymical authors,
fignifies a dividing into l.irge pieces.

H rris.
BUCK. n.f. [bauche. Germ, fuds, or lye.]
1 . The liquor in which clothe* arewafhed.

B»tkl

BUG

Bud ! 1 wsuld I could wa(h myfelf of the iucl i
I warrant you, buck, and of the feafon too it (hall
appear. Slakejf>eere.

2, The clothes wa(hed in the liquor.

Ot lace, not able to tiavcl wiih her turred pack,
/he waflies bucki here at hom?. Skah/fear;.

BUCK. 1./. [l"w.-h, Wellh; ioci, Dutch;
iouc, Fp.] The raale of the fallow deer 9
the male of rabbits, and other animals.

Bucks, goats, and the Ike, ar^ laid to betripp'ng
or laiiar.t, that is, going or leaping. Penct.m.

To Buck. -v. a. [from the noun.] To
wa(h clothes.

Here is a bafket ; he may creep in here, and
thrnw Ibul linen upon him, as if it were goii-g to
hufk'mg. Slatefj-eare.

TeBvcK. V. ti. [from the noun.] To
copulate as bucks and does.

Tile chief time of fetting traps, is in their inci-
irrjr time. Martimer.

Bu CKBASKET. »./ The balket in which
clothes are carried to the wafh.

They conveyed nie kito 3l huckhajiet j rammed

me in with foul (hirts, foul ftockJDgi, and greaiy

nackin?. Slakefpfijri.

Bu'cKBEAN. n./. [teci/ioerten, Daicii.] A

plant ; a fort of trefoil.

The bitter naufeous plants, as centaury, huek-
Barte, gentian, of which tea may be made, or wines
by intulion. Fiv/ir.

Bu'cKET. a.y". [^fl^M/, French.]
1. The vcffel in which water is drawn ont
of a well.

Now is this golden crown like a deep well.
That owes two buckets, filling one another ;
The emptier ever dancing in the air,
The other down unfecn, and full of water. Shak.

Is the fca ever likely to be cvapofttcd by the fun,
or to be emptied with buckers ? BcntUy,

3. The veflels in which water is carried,
particularly to quench a fire.

Nowftiects grow throng'd, and, buf)^as by day.
Some run for burkcts tj the hallow'd q-.iire ;
Sotne cut the pipes, and fome the engines p'ay ;
And fome, more bold, mount ladders to the hre.

The porringers, that in a row
Hung high, and maje a glitt'ring fljiw.
To a lefs noble fubftancc chang'd.
Were now but leathern iutkits rjng'd. Siv'ift.

BU'CKLE. ti.f. [b-jj-cl, Wellh, and the
fame in the Armorick ; boucle, French.]

1. Alinkof raetal, with a tongue or catch,
made to fallen one thing to another.

Fair lined flippers for the cold.
With buckles of ihe pureft gold. Shakejfxare.

The chlamys was a fort of Ihort cloak tieil w th
:i buckle, commonly to the right Oiouldcr. jirbuih.

Th:'-c feal-rings ; which after, melted duv.n,
Form'd a vaft buckle ffT his widowii g-iwn. ho^'t,

2. The frate of the hair crifped and curled,
by being kept long in the fame ftate.

The greateft beau was dreffed in a flaxen peri-
wig ; the wearer of it goes in his own hair at
home, and lets hit wig lie in buckle for a whole
half year. Spectator,

That live-lung wig, which G«rgnn't felf might
own,
Eternal bmile takes in Parian ftone. Vofe.

Ts Bu'cKLE. ii. a. [from the noun.]
I, To fallen with a buckle.

Like fjphire, pearl, in rich embroidery.
Buckled below fair knighthood's bending knee.

Shak'ffjcart.
France, whofe armour confcience buckled on,
Whim zeal and charity brought to the field. Sh.tk-

Thus ever, when 1 buckle on my helmet,

Thy fears a:1iidt r^ee. ■ Philift.

When yu carry yourmifter's riding coat, wrap

your owa \u it| and tuiUe Cbcm up clofe with a

(irap. Sivifi.

BUG

2. To prepare to do any thing : the meta-
phor is taken from huckling on the ar-
mour.

The Saracen, this hearing, rofe amain.
And catching up in hafte his three fquare fhicld.
And fliining helmet, foon liim buckled to the field.

, Hjxnjtr.

3. To join in battle.

The lord Gray, captain of the men at arms,
was forbidden to charge, until the foot of the avant-
guard were huctlcd with them in front. Hayuiard.

4. To cc.ifine.

How brief the life of man
Runs his erring pilgrimage !
.^ That ths ftrctching of a fpan
Buckles in liis fum of age. Sbaleffcare,

To Bu'cKLE. f. n. \_hucketi. Germ.]

1. To bend ; to bow.

The vvrctch, whole fever-vreaken'd joints,
Like ftrength!:;fs hinges, buckle under life,
Impitient of h's fi:, breaks like a lire
Out of his keeper's arms. Shakffpetirf,

2. To buckle to. To apply to ; to attend.
See the a3i-je, 2d fenfe.

Now a covetJUi old crafty knave.
At dead of night, ihall raifc his fon, and cry,
Turn out, you rogue ! how like a beall you lie !
Go, buckle 10 the law. Drydcn.

This is to be done in children, by trying them,
when thw-y are by lazinefs unbent, or by avocation
bent another way, and endeavouring to make them*
buckle to the thing propofcd. Lccke.

3. To buckle ivith. To engage with ; to
encounter ; to join in a cloie fight, like
men locked or buckled together.

For Ciigle comba'., thou fhalt buckle nu'ith me.

$bjkeff>eare.
Yet thou, they fay, fnr marriage doll proi idc ;
Is th'S an age to buckle lulb a briJe ? Dryden.

BU'CKJLER. n./. [b~v:cclec/, Wellh ; bou-
cl.Ur, Fr.] A Ihield ; a defenuve weapon
buckled on the arm.

He tonk my arms, and while I forc'd my way
Through tro.jps of foes, which did our pafTige ftay;
My buckler o'er ray aged father calV,
Stiil fighting, ftill defending, as I paft. Drydcn.

This meiial compliments the emperor ai the Ro-
mans did i':(X itor Fabius, when they called him tljc
buckler of Rome. Mdifii.

To Bu'cKLER. 'V. a. [from the noun.]
To fupport ; to defend.

iear. r.ot, fwect wench, they ihall not touch
« thee. Kale ;
I'll buckler thee againJt a m'UlIon'. ShakeCfeare,

Can Oxford, that did ever fence the right,
N jw luckltr falihoud with a pedigree ? Sbaktfp,

Bu'cKLER-THOftN. 71./. Chrift's tliora.

Bu'cKMAST. n./. The fruit or malt of
the beech tree.

Bw'cKRAM. v./. [bougran, Fr'.] A fort of
ftrong linen cloth, IlifFened with gum,
ufed by taylors and ftaymakers.

1 have pcppcied two ot tlum j two, 1 am fure, I
have paid, two rogues in buckram I'uits. Shakcfp.

Bu'cKRAMS. n. /. The fame with luild

garlick.
Bu'cKSHORN Plantain, n. f. [arono-

pus, Lat. from the form of the leaf.] A

plant. Miller.

Bu'ciCTHORN. n.f. \rhamnus, Lat. fup-

pofcd to be fo cilli'd from bucc. Sax.

the belly.] A tree that bears a purging

be^ry.
Bo'cKWHEAT. n.f. [buckiveila. Germ.

fagopyrum, Lat.] A plant. Miller.

Buco'LlCK.a<j). [/Jot/xiAixa, from |3ol'X6^®',

a cowherd.] Falloral.

P U F

BUD. n, /. \boutfn, Fr.] The firft Ihoot
of a plant ; a gem.

Be as thou was wont to be.
See as thou waft wont to fee J
Dian's bud o'er Cupid's flower
Hath fuch force and blelTed power. Shuk^f,
Writers fay, as the moil forward bud
Is eaten by the canker ere it blow.
Even fo by love the young and tender wit
Is turn'd to folly, blaftin*^ in the bud,
Lofing his verdure even in the prime. Sbakefpeere,

When you the riow'rs for Chloe twine.
Why do you to her garland join
The meaneft hud that falls from mine ? Prior.
Infeils wound the tenJcr buds, with a long hol-
low trunk, and depofu an egg in the hole, with a
(harp corroding liquor, that caufeth a fwelling-in
the leaf, and clofeth the orifice. Btntly.

To Bud. v. n. [from the noun.]

1. To put forth young fhoots, or gems.

Bud forth as a rofe growing by the broofc-of the
field. Eccl.

2. To rife as a gem from the ftalk.

There the fruit, that was to be gathered from

fuch a confiint quickly budded out. Chrendott,

Heav'n gave hrmall at once, then fnatch'd away.

Ere mortals all his beauties could furvey :

Juft like that flower that buds and withers in a day.

Dryden,
Tho' lab'ring yokes on their own necks they
fear'd
And felt for budding horns on their fmooth fore-
heads rear'd. Dryden's SiUnui,

3. To be in the bloom, or growing.

Young budding virgin, fair and freih and fweet.

Whither away, or where is thy abode ? Sh^kcfp*

To Bud. 1/. a. To inoculate ; to grafF by

inierting a bud into the rind of another

tree.

Of apricocks, the largcft is much Improved by
budding upon a peach llock. Temple,

To BUDGE. -J. n. [bouger. Fr.] To Ilir;
to move off the place ; a low word.

All your prifoners are
Iji the lime grove, which weatherfends your cell.
They cannot budge till your rclcafe. Sbakefpeare.
The moufe ne'er fliunn'd the cat, A they did
budge
From rafcals wotfe than they. Sbakefpeare,

1 thought th' badft fcorn'd to budge
For fear. Hiidilras.

Budge, ailj. [of uncertain etymology.]
Surly; llifF; formal.

O Ibolilhnels of men I that lend their ears
To thofe budge doftors of the (loick fur. Milton.

Budge, n. /. The dreffed (kin or fur of
lambs. ' D/ifl.

Bu'doer. n.f. [from the verb.] One
that moves or ilirs from his place.

Let the-firtt iudger die the other's (lave.
And the goJs doom him after. Shjkefpenre,

Bu'dget. n.f. [bogetu, French.]

1. A bag, fuch as may be eafily carried.

If tinkers may have leave to live.

And bear th * fowlkin budget ;
Tlien my account Iwell may give.

And in the ftncks avouch it. Shahifptartt

Sir Robert Clifford, in whnfc bofom, or budget,

mod of I'crkin's fecrets were laid up, was corns

into England, Baccn,

His budget with corruptions cramm'd.

The contributions of the damn'd. Swift,

2. It is ufed for a ftore, or ftock.

It was nature, in fine, that brought off the.cat,
when the fox's whole budget of inventions failed
him. VEJtrange,

Buff. n.f. \iroxa buffalo. 1

I . A fort of leather prepared from the
flcin of the buffalo ; ufed for waift belts,
pouches, and military accoutrement*. ■
H b 2 A ropy

B U F

BUG

B U L

A fopy chain of iheumt> • v'llage roogh,
DfforcoM, unfeatur'd, and a (kin of htiff, Dry/ln.

2. The fliins of elks and oxen dreffe'd in
oil, and prepared after the fame manner
as that of the buffalo.

3. A military coat made of thick leather,
fo that a blow cannot eafily pierce it.

A fiend, a fairy, picilefii and rough,
Ji wolf, nay woife, a fellow all in buff. Shakeff.

To BUFF. T. a. \huffc, Fr.] To flrike :
it is a word not in ufe.
Tbtre was a fliock.
To have kuff'd out the blood
From aught but a block. Ben yotifm,

BVFFJLO.n.f. [Ital.] A kind of wild
ox.

Become tjie unworthy browfe
Of huffaloti, fait goats, and hungry cows. Vryiin.

Bu'ffet. n. f. [huffeto, Ital.] A blow
with the fill ; a box on the ear.

■10, I could divide myfcU, and go to huffcts, for
moving. fuch a di(h of (kimmed niilk with fo ho-
nourable an action. Slr^keffeare,

A man that forttinc's tvffets and rewards
Has ta'en with equal thanks. Hhjkijfeare,

Co, baffled coward, IcA I run upon thee.
And with one iuffit lay thy ftrufture low. Milnn.

Round his hoUow temples, and his cars.
His buckler beats ; th« fun of Neptune, ftunn'd
With thefe repeated buffm, quits the ground.

DryJen^

Buffe't, ti. /. \luffette, Fr.] A kind
of cupboard ; or fet of (helves, where
plate is fet out to (hew, in a room of
entertainment.

The rich hufftt well-colom'd ferpents grace,
And gaping Tritons fpewtowalh your face. Pipe.

To Bu'ffet. o^. a. [from the noun.] To
Arike with the hatid ; to box ; to beat.

Why,. woman, your hulband is in his old lunes
again i he fo buffets himfelf on the forehead, crying.
Peer out, peer out ! that any madnefs, I ever yet
beheld, fcemed but tamenefs. Shateffeare.

Our ears are cudgell'd ; not a word of his
But Uiffji better than a fid of France. Sbakeff.

The torrent roar'd, and wc did buffet it
^ith lufty finews; throwing it afide. Sbahff.

Inftantly I plung'd into the fea.
And biffilittg the billows to her rrfcue,
Redeem'd her life with half the lofs of mine.

Otiuay.

y»Bu*FFET. x>. «. To play a boxing-
match .^

If I might buffet lor my love, I could lay on like
a butcher- Shaktfpeare^s Henry V.

Bu'ffeter. «./. [from buffet."] A boxer;

one that buffets.
Bu'ffi.e. ». / [ieu^tyVr.] The fame

with iuffale ; a wild ox.
To Bu'pFtE. -v. n. [from the noun.] To

paz7.Ie ; to be at a lofs.
This was the utur ruin of that poor, angry,

hujiing, well-meaning mortal, Piftorldes, who li»s

equally under the contempt of both parties. Stu'ift.

Bu'ffi.eheaded. adj. [from tuffle and
head.'] A man with a large head, like a
bufEilo ; dull ; ftupid ; foolilh.
BUFFO'ON. «./. [biffon, French.]
J. A man whofo profeffion is tomakefport,
by low jells and antick poftures ; a jack-
pjdding.

No prince would thlnkJjimfelf greatlyhonoured,
to have his proclamation canv?(fcd on a publick
ftage, and b;comc the fport of I'uffeunu IVarts.

2. A man that praftifas indecent raillery.

It is the nature of di lis a:.d buffoons, to be in-
folent to tbofc that will beat it, and flavifh to
•then. VEpiuigt,

The bold buffxn, whene'er they tread the green,
Their motion mimiclu, but with jcft obfcene.

Garth.
BuFFo'oNERY. «./ [hom buffoon.]

1. The praflice or art of a buffoon.

Courage, in an ill-bred man, has the air, and
cftfapes not the opinion, of brutal'ty ; learning be-
ctloes pedantry, and wit buffoonery. Locke.

2. Low jells ; ridiculous pranks ; fcurrile
mirth. Dryden places the accent, im-
properly, on the firft fyllable.

Where pubiick miniAers encourage buffoonery,
it is no wonder if buffoons fet up for publick mi-
nillcrs. L'EJIrange.

And while it lafts, let buffoonery fucceed.
To make us laugh ; for never was mure reed.

Dryden.

BUG. n. f. h. (linking infeft bred in old
houfehold (luff. In the following paf-
fage, wings are erroneoufly afcribed to
it.

Yet let me flap this bug with gilded wings.
This painted child of dirt, which Hinks aid Kings.

Pofi.

Buo. \"-f- [It is derived by fome

Bu'gbear. 3 from ^^, by others from
pug ; bug, in Welfh, has the fame mean-
ing.] A frightful objeil ; a walking
fpeftre, imagined to be feen : generally
now ufed for a falfe terrour to frighten
babes.
Each trembling leaf and whifUing wind they
hear.
As ghaftly bug their hair on end docs rear.
Yet both do ilrive their fearfulnefs'to feign.

Fairy Slueen.
Sir, fpare your threats ;
The bug which you would fright me with, I feek.

Sbakejfearc.

Haft not flept to-night ? would be not, naughty

man, let it flecp ? a bugbtar take him. Shakejf.

Wc have a horrour for uncouth monfters ; but,

upon experience, all thefe bugi grow familiar and

eafy to us. Vi.jirar.ge.

Such bugbear thoughts, once got into the tender

minds of children, fink deep, fj as not eafiiy, if

ever, to be got out again. Locke,

To the world, no bugbear is fo great.
As want of figure, and a I'mall eftate. Pcpe.

Bu'goiness. t!./. [from buggy.] The

(late of being infedled with bugs.
Bu'ggy. adj. [from bug.] Abounding

with bugs.
Bu'ole. \n. /. [from bujen. Sax.

Bu'glehorn.J to bend, 5^/«»<r ; from
bticula, Lat. a heifer, Junius ;■ from
bugle, the bonafus. Lye.] A hunting
horn.

Then took that (quire an horny iug/e fmall.
Which .'ung adown «is fide in twifted gold.
And ta(li.-ls gay. Fairy Slutcn.

1 will have ^ rccheate winded in my forehead,
or hang my bugle in an invifible baldrick. Shakejp.

He ga>e his Ivgle horn a blaft,
That through the woodland ecno'd far and wide.

Ticheil.

Bu'gle. n, /. A (hining bead of black
glafs.

y!uf/f bracelets, necklace amber,
Ptrfum'd fir a lady's chamber. Sbakeff. are.

'Tis not your inky brows, your black filk hair.
Your bugle eye-balls, nor your cheek 01' cream,
That can cntame my fpirits to your w>rtbip. Shak.
Bu'gle. n. /. [from hugula, Lat.] A,
plant. Miller.

Bu'gle. ». / A fort of wild ox.

Phillips's World of Words.
Bu'oLOSs. «. f. [from buglojjum, Lat.]
The herb ox-tongue^

To BUILD. 11. a. preter. I huiU, I have
built. [Itlden, Dutch.]

1 . To raife from the ground ; to make a
fabrick, or an edifice.

Thou (halt not build an houfe unto my name.

Cbromtlet*
When ufurera lell their gold in the field,
And whores and bawdL. do clvirci cs build* Sbak*

2. To raife in any laboured form.

When the bca.-drcfs was built up in a couple of
cones and fpirrs, which ilood fo excelfiveiy high on
the fide of the head, that a woman, who was but a
pigmy without her head-dre(s, appeared like a Co.
lofTus up' n putting it on. Sjje^at^r*

J, To raife any thing on a fupport or
foundatioiu

Love built on beauty, foon astesuty, dies ;

Choofe this face, changed by no deformities. Donne*

I Would endeavour to deftroy thofc curiou", but

groundlefs ftrudurcs, that men have built up of

opinions alone. Ssyle,

To ButLD. 'V.n.

1 . To play the architeft.

To build, to plant, whatever you intend.
To rear the clumn, or the arch to bpnd. Pofe.

2. To depend on ; to reft on.

By a man's authjrity, we here underlland the
force which his word hath for the alfurance of ano-
ther's mind, that buildetb upon it. Hooker^

Some build rather upon the abufing of others,
and putting tricks upon them, than upon foundnefs
of their own proceedings. Bann.

Even thofe who had nut taAed of your favours,
yet built fo much on the fame of your bene(iccnce,
that they bemoaned the lofii of their expcfiacions.

Dryden*

This is certainly a mucli furer way, than to build
on the interpretations of an author, who d-.es not
confider huw the ancients uled to think. Addi^tn,

Bui'loer. «./. [from build.] He that
builds ; an architedl.

But fore-accounting ol't makes builders mifs ^
They found, they felt, they had no Icafe of blils.

Sidfiey,
When they, which had feen the beauty of the
firft temple built by Solomon, beheld how fa- it
excelled the fccond, which had not builders of like
abilities, the tears of their grie\etl eyes the prophet*
endeavoured, with comforts, to wipe aw.iy. Honker
Mark'd out for fuch an ufe, as if 'twere meant
T' invite the iuiuler, and his choice prevent.

Denbam*
Her wings with lengthenM'honour let her fpread.
And, by her greatnefs, (liew her iai/aVr's fame.

Prior,

Bui'lding.b./ [from^;«7^.] Afabrick;
an edifice.

Thy fumptuous buildings, and thy wife's attire.
Have coft a mafs of publick t.'eafury. Shakeffeare*

View not this fplre by meafure giv'n
To buildings rais'd by cimmon hands :
That fabrick riles high as hesv'n,
Whofe bafis on devotion (lands. Prior.

Among the great variety of ancient coins which
1 faw at Rome, 1 could not but take particular
notice of fuch as relate to any of the bmiliiir.gs or
ftatues that are ftiU extant. Addijin.

Built. »./. [from build.]

1 . The form ; the (Iruflure.

As is thi! built, fo ditfcrcnt is the fight;
Their mountain lliot is on (yir fails defign'd ;

D-ep in their hulls our deadly bullets light, ;
And through the yielding pianks a paffage find.

Dryden^

2. Species of building.

There is hardly any country, which has f,> little
(hipping .is Ireland; the reafon muft be, the ic.\r-
city of timber proper for this built. lemple*

BULB. n.f. [from buli'ut, Lat.] Around
body, or root.

T.ikc up your early autumnal tulips, and bulbs,
if you will remove them. Evelyn's Kitcndar,

11-

B U L

1( wt con/iJer the iu!i, or bill of the eye, the
exteriour membrane, oi coat the.-e<ii", is made thick,
tough, or ftreng, that it is a very hard Ejattcr ^o
make a rupture in it. Ray,

Bvlb'aczovs. ai/J. [ialiaceia.Lzt.'} The
lame with bulbous. Diti.

Bul'bous. a,//, [from i*a/^.] Containing
bulbs ; coniilling of bulbs ; having
roand or roundifh knobs.

There are -/f roots, huii'.ui ro^ts, fibrous foots,

ard liirfute roots. And 1 take it, in the bulhcu ,

the fap hafteneth more to the air and fun. Bucr,

Set up your traps for vermin, efpeciailj amor^ii

your in/icaj roots. Evelyn's Kituriar.

Tneir leaves, after they are fwelled out, like

a hulbcut root, to make the bjttic, bend inward, or

come again clofe to the ftalic. Rjy on the Crtat.

To Bulge, ij. n. [It was originally

written ktlge : bilge was the lower part

of the ftiip, where it fwdled out ; from

bili5. Sax. a bladder.}

I. To take in water ; to founder.

Thrice round the fhip was toft.
Then iutg'd at once, and in the deep was loft.
~, . DryJin.

3. To jut out.

The fide, ur part of the fii; of a virall, or anv
timbcrthat iutges from its bottom or foundation,
is faid te batter, or hang over the foundation.
^ . Moxan's Mtchavkal Extrafts.

axi LIMY. »./ [gsAiaU, from g^c, an ox,
and /if*i;, hunger.] An enormous appe-
tite, attended with fainting, and co!d-
nefs of the extremities. Dia.

BULK. n.f. [bulcie, Dutch, the breaft, or
largeft part of a man.]

I . Magnitude of material fubftance ; mafs.

Againft thefe forces there were prepared near one
hundred fliips ; not fo great of hulk indeed, but
of a more nimble motion, and more ferviceablc.

Battm s HW loilh Stair..

The Spaniards and I'ortuguefe have ftips of
great tu,k; but fitter for the merchant than the
man ot war, for burden than for battle. Raltirh.
Thoufh an animal arrives at its full g.cvth
at a certiia age, perhaps it never comes t" it,
fMtulk till thr Iia period of life. Ai-butLnai.

2. Size ; quantity.

Thingt, or ohjeels, cannot enter into the mind
as they fu^f.ft in themfclvei, and by their own
natural bull pafs into the apprchenfion j hut they
are taken in by their ideas. Sni;h.

3. The grofs; the majority} the main
mafs.

Thofe very points, in which thefe wife ineii
difagreed ttom the tulk of the people, are pomts
m which they agreed with the received do«r.nes of
our nature. AJdij„n-, FruULUr.

Lbargc in property, through the hulk of a na-
tion, makes flow marclics, and its due power a'
ways attends it Svfiji.

'I he iulk of the debt mull be leflencd gradua.h. .

4. Main fabripk.

He rais'd a fi^li fo piteous and profound,
Th.it it did fcern to Ihattcr all his 6u/k,
And end his being, Shakijpuri.

5. The mam part of a fhip's cargo; as,
to brcoA tulk, is to open the cargo.

Bulk. «./ [from biehie, Dan. a beam.]
A part of a building jutting out.

Here ftjnd behind thisAWi.Straightwitlhecome:
Wear thy good rapier bare, and put it hotr.e. i4«*.

'i;he keeper coming up, found Jack with n'
hfe in him ; he took down the body, and laid it
on a bulk, and brought .ut the rope to the Com-
Pj"/' ArouihmV: Hift. cf J. Bull.

E j' I, K H E A D. n./. A partition made acrofs

;B U L

:Bt;'LKiNEss. n.f. [Trava, buUy.] Great-
nefs of flat u re, or fize.

Wheat, or r.ny other grain, cannot ferve in-
(had of monej;, bccaufe qf its bulkinefs, and
change of its quantity. Lc^kc.

Bu'lky. adj. {hom. bulk.] Of great fizc
or ftatu{e.

Latreus, the iulkieft of the double race,
Whom tlie fpoil'd arms of llain Halefus grace.

Drydcn.
Huge Telephus, a formidable page.
Cries vengeance ; and Oreftcs' bulky rage,
Unfatisfy'd with margins clofeiy writ.
Foams o'er the covers. Drydcr,.

The manner of fea engagements, which wjs to
bore and link the enemy's (hips with the roftra,
givs bulky and high fljips a great advantage.
_,-., , . Arbutbmt.

BULL. ». / IbulU, Dutch.]

I . The male of black cattle ; the male to

B U L

a cow

A gentlewoman. Sir, and a kinfvvoman of mv
mailer's — Even fuch kin as the parifti heifers arc
to the town i«//. Shak,fp,^,e.

BuUi a.-e moic crifp upon the forehead than

„ ^ "*s- Bacon.

BeH age to go to buH, or calve, we held.
Begins at four, and ends at ten years old. Mm.

2. In the fcriptural fenfe, an enemy pow-
erful, fierce, and violent.

Many buih have coiiipalTcd me; ftrong bulls of
Baflian haie befet me round. Pfahm.

3. One of the twelve figns of the zodiack.

Ac laft from A:ics rolls c e bounceoua lun,
And the britjh' Bull receive; lilm. rhomjon.

4.. A letter publilhed by the pope.

_ A bull is lct;crs called apoftoiick bv the cano-
nifts, ftre:it;'hened v»-ith a leaden feal, and contain-
ing in th.-m the decrees and commandments of
the pope r,r bifli.-p of Rome. .^yliffc.

There wis another fore of ornament wore by thf
young nobility, called bulla; rouni, or of the
figure . f a heart, hung about *heir necks like dia-
mond crilTes. Thole hulU came afterwards to
be hu.'.g to the diplomas of the emperors an J popes.
frori whence the) had the n.ime of bulls. Arbuih.
It was n.t till :,';er a frelh bull of l.eo's had de-
clared haw inflexible the court of Rome was in the
P"'"V'','" ''";'''"• yllttrbury.

5. A blunder; a contradiclion.

I confrfs it is wha; the Englllh alii bull, ]■-,

the expieffion, though the f nfe be manif-d

p"""S'': . P„pe',Lrt!tn.

DUhh, m comjjofition, generally notes the
large ilze of any tivog, as bull-head,
butrujh, bull-trout ; ai,J is therefore oniv
an auijincnlative fyllable, without much
reference to its original fignification.

Bt;i.i,-EAiTiNo.7/./. [^rom^<'/and,iaiV.]
The fport of baiting bulls with dogs.

Wliat am I the wilcr for knowing that Trnjan
was .n the fifth yejr of his trihuncihip, when he
■eatfctainci the pcr.pic with ahoilc-race or buil-

BuLL-BSBF. «. /. [from bull and W.I
Coarfe beef; the flelh of bulls.

They want their porr.dge and their fat lull-
„ '•"■'"■'• ■ Siak/i^car,.

Bi;M.-BEot7AR. n. f. [This word proba-
bly came from the infolence of tholo who
begged, of raifed money by the pope's
buH.J Something terrible; fomcthine

rr. Tr.r-l.. -,i-ri,i. . '.1 e^

_ And, Falftaft', you carried your guts away as
nimbly, and roarod for mercy, and ftill ran an*
roared, as ever I heard a bull-calf. Shaktjpeare.

Bull-dog. n.f. [from ^a// and </(!^.] A
dog of a particular form, remarkable
for his courage. He is ufed in baiting
the bull ; and this fpecies is fo peculiar
to Britain, that they are faid to degene-
rate when they are carried to other coun-
tries.

All the harmlefs part of him Is that of a bull-,
dog; they are tame no longer than they are not
„ offended- j4dd;fo„.

BuLL-FiNCH. n. f. [rubicilla.] A fmall
bird, that his neither fong nor whiftle
of its own, yet is very apt to learn, if
taught by the mouth.

Phillips'! World of Words.
Tlie blackbird whifties from the thorny brake,.
The mellow bull-finch anl'wers from the groves.

BuLL-FLY. 1 K.f. An infea.

B u L L - B E E . 5 Phillips's World of Words.

BuLL-HE.AD. n.f. \_ham bull Tixxii hcad:\

1. A ftupid fellow; a blockhead.

2. The name of a filh.

The miller's thumb, or hull head, is a filh
of no pleafiT-g (hjpe ; it has a head big arid flat,
much greater than luitable to its body ; a mouth
very wide, and ufually garing; he is without teeth,
but his lips arc very rough, much like a file ; he
hath two rti.s near to his gills, which are roundilh
or crefted ; two fins under his bellv, two on the
back, one below the vent, and the' fin of the tail
IS round. Nature hath painted the body of this
filh with whitiih, blackiih, brownifli fpots. Thcy
are ufjaily full of fpawn ail the fummer, which
fwclls their vents in the form of a dug. The
bull-htad begins to fpawn in Apiit j in winter we
know no more what becomes of them than of
eel! or fwaliows Waltn.

3. A little black water vermin.

Phillips's World of Words.
Bull-trout. «. / A large kind of
tfout.

There is, in Northumberland, a trout called a
hull-trcut, of a much greater length and hignefs
than any in thefe fjuthern parts. Walton.

Bull-weed. n.f. The fame with W-

•weed.
Bull-wort, or Bishot's-weed. n.f.

[ammi, Lat.] A plant.
Bu'llace. tt. f. A wild four plum.

In Oflober, and the beginning of November,"
cnine fervices, medlars, bullaces ; rofes cut or
removed, to come late ; holyoaks, and fiich like.

Biiccrt.

to fright children with.

a fhip, with boards, whereby one par

is divided from another.

Harris.

■*hcfe fulminatinns from the 'Vatican were
turned into ridicule ; and, as they were called bull
*'K"-!, tiiey were ulcd as words of fcorn aiid
conernpt. ^y^,_

Bt;LL.CALF. n.f [from bull and calf]
A he-calt ; uled .'or a ftupid fellow:
a terra of reproach.

Bu'llet. n.f [boulet, Fr.] A round ball
of metal, ufu.-illy (hot out of guns.

As when the dcvililh iron engine, wrought
In d-cpeft hell, and fn.m'd by furies (kiU,

With windy nitre and quick fulphur fraught.
And ramm'd with bullet round, ordain'd to kill.

GiafFer, their leader, defpcrately fighting a-'
mongft the foremoft of the janijarict, was at once,
mot with two builtts, and flain. Knolles.

And as t'e built, fo difl'erent is the fighti
Their mountii,g fhot-is on our fails defign'd ;

Deep in their hulls our deadly biiUets light,

And through the yielding.planks a palfage find,

7, f D^ydcn.

Bu LLiON. n.f \liUon, Fr.] Gold or lilvcf

in the lump, unwrought, uncoined.

1'he balance of trade rau^t of ncccfiity be re.
turned in coin or bullion. Bacon..

A fecond multitude,
With wond'rous art, found out the malTy ore.
Severing each kind, aad fcumm'd the buliion drofj.

Miltcn,
Mulinn

B U L

BuH'nn ii filver whofe workminlhip has no va.
lut. And thus foreign coin hath no value htre
for its Aampi and our coin is builiin in foreign'
(laminions. Leclr,

In every vrffil there it ftowage for immenfc
treafoi e;, when.the cargo is pure huHhr. ' Adi'ifun,

B u I. L i't J o N . «./. [ from hulUo, Lat, ] Tije

• att or ftate of boiling.

Tliere is to be obftrved in thefe difliilutions,'
which will n jt eafily inci^rporace, what the effeflt
are, a» the buititmi, the precipitation to the b't-
torn, the ejacalation towards the tup, the fuff^i-
lion in the mldft, and the like. Bac-i:,

Bu'llock. n.f. [from /;*//.] Ayoan|rbull.

Why, that's fpotcen liicc an honcft drover: fo

they fell in/fo,lj. Sbakrjtcare.

Same drive the herds; here the fietLC btiHockl

fcorns '

Th' appointed way, and tuns with threat'ring

horns. CmvKy.

Until the tranfportation of cattle into England

f0 was prohibited, the q:iiclccft trade ot" rcidy money

here was driven by the fale of young bullock!.

'temfU.
Bu'lly. n.f. \Skinmr derives this word
from burlyt as a corruption in the pro-
nunciation ; which is very probably
right ; or from bulky, or huU-eyeil ;
which are lefs probable. May it not
come from bull, the pope's letter, im-
plying the infolence of thole who came
invefted with authority from the papal;
court?] A noify, bluftering, quarrelling
fellow : it is generally taken for. a man;
that has only the appearance of courage. '

Mine h. ft or' the garter!— What f,iys my bully
rock! Speak I'cholnrly and wifely. Shahtfpeafc.

All on a fuJtien the doors fl?\v-ope:i, and in
C3mcs a crew of roaring buli.es, with their wf r*chc>,
their dogs, and th?ir bottles, VEftriingr.

'Tij ^o iidic"ious, but fo true withal, *

A lully cannot fleep without a brawl. Dryd<n. .

A f^oiJiog hero is, at the w^tft, a more toierabl*:]
charafier than a£i>//y iiipcic'.ccati. AJtiipri.

Tlje little man is a bully in his naturc,_but,
when he grows cholericl^, I cooAne Kim tm his
wr.nth is over. AJJif'>n,

To Bu'lly. i;. a. [from the noun.] To
overbear with noife or menaces.

Pientices pari.li civrks, and hectors meet,
He that is drunk, orbully^d, pays the treat. JCir^.

7c Bu'lly. v. n. To be noify and quar-
relfome.

Bu'lrush. n.f. [from W/ and rfl/&.] A
large rufh, fuch as grows in rivers, with-
out knots ; though Dryden has given it
the epithet knotty ; confounding it, pro-
bably, with the reed.

To make fine cages for the nightingale.
And baskets o( bulrujbes, was my wont. Spenfrr.

Ail my praifes are but as a bulrujh caft upin .1
dream; they are born by the ftrcngth of the cur-
rent.- t>rydtn.

The edges were with bending oiicrs crown'd;
The knolty bulrujh next in order ftood,
And all within of reeds, a trembling wood. Dryden.

BU'LWARK. n. /. [bol'wercke, Dutch ;

probably only from its ftrength and

largenefs.]
1. What is now called a baftion.

But him the fquiie made quic:;ly to retrcar.
Encountering fierce with fingle (word in hand.
And 'twixt him and bis lord did like i bultC'arl
ftand* Spfnjer.

They oft repair
Their earthcm tulviarh 'gaiitft the ocean flood.

Fairfax.
We have huhvarkt ronnd nj ;
Within our wills aic troops cnuc'd to toil. Addijm.

8

6 U M

2. A fortification.

Taking.avvay needlefs ti(An'«r*j, di*er» were dc-

mpliftied upon the fea eoafts. Hayward.

Our nival ftrength i« a biiheark to the nation. ■

jUJifn,

3. A fecurity ; a fcreen ; a flielter.

Some making the wars their b-.ltvart, that have
before go:ed the gentle bofom of peace witli pillage
and robbery. Shaieffturr.

To Btj'i.wark. v. a. [from the noun.]
To fortify ; to ftrengthen with bulwarks.

And yet 00 balivjrid town, or diftant coaft,
Prefcrves the beauteous youth from being fccn.

BUM. ft.f. [bomme, Dutch.] The buttocks ;
the part on which we lit.

The Ajfcll aunt telling the faJJeft tale,
S metinie for threefoot ftool millaketh me,
Then (lip I from her*u>», down topples flie. Stai.

This faiii, he gently rais'd the knight.
And fct him on his bum upright. Hudihrat.

From dufty (hops neg tiled authors come.
Martyrs of pres, and relickj of ttie bum. Drydrn.

The learned Sydenham does not doubt.
But profound tliought will bring the gout ;
Ar d that with hum on couch vre lie,
Becaufc our reafon's foar'd tdo high. W— — n.

Bumba'ilifp. m. f. [This is a corrup-
tion of bound bailiff, pronounced by
gradual corruption botin, bun, bum bai-
liff] A b.tiliff of the meanell kind;
one that is employed in arrtib.

Go, Sir Andrew, fcout me for him at the corner

of t!ie orchard, like a bumbailif. Shakeffeare.

Bu'mbard. n.f. [wrong written for ^owj-
bard; which fee.] A great gun j a
"blackjack; a leathern pitcher.

Yond fa-nc black cloud, jond huje one looks
Like a foul bumbard, that would iheu bis liquor.

SbakeJlie.irc.

Bu'mbast. n.f. [falfely written for bom-
haji \ bombafi and bombufim being men-
tioned, with great probability, by Ju
nius, as coming from boom, a tree, and
fein, filk ; the filk or cotton of a tree.
Mr. Stecvcm, with much more probabi-
bility, deduces them all from bomhycinus.']

1. A cloth made by fewing one fluff upon
another ; patchwork.

Thi ufual bumbajl of black bits fcwed into er-
mine, our Engliih women arc made to think vi-ry
fine. Greio.

2. Linen (luffed with cotton; (luffing;
»vadding.

. Wc ha\e receiv'd your letters full of love.
And, in our maiden council, rated them
Aj couit(hip, pleafant jcft, and courtefy.
As bumbajl, and as lining to the time. Staieff.

Bump. n.f. [perhaps from bum, as being
prominent.] A fwelling ; a protube-
rance.

h had upon its brow a bumf as big as a young
cockrel's (lone; a perilous knock, and it cried
bitterly. Shokeffcari.

Not though his teeth are beaten out, his eyes
Hang by a ftring, in bufn[>s his forehead rile. Dryd.

To Bump. v. a. [from homhrn, Lat.] To
make a loud noice, or bomb. [See
Bo.MB.] It is applied, 1 think, only to
the bittern.

Then to the water's brink (ho laid her head.
And }i a bittour buwp> within a rccd.
To thee alone, O lake, (he faid— ' Drydt.

Bu'mper. n.f. [from bump.} A cup filled
till the liquor fwells Over the brims.

4'lace. his delight
All d.ry in playing buK'psrt, and-Ht n'.ght
Reels to the bawds, fiydcn's Juvtnal.

BUN

Bv'mpkin. n.f. [This word is of un-
certain etymology ; Henjhaiu derives it
from pumiin, a kind of worthlefs gourd,
or melon. This feeuw harlh ; yet we
ufe the word cabbage-bead in the iame
fenfe. Bump is ulad amongd us for a
knob, or lump : may not bumpkin be
much the fame with clodpate, l.ggerhead,
block, and blockhead?} An awkward
heavy ruilick ; a country lout.

The poor*i(m/fi'!, that had never heard of fuch
delrghts before, bicded herl'elf at the change of het
condition. L'EJfrarge.

A h:avy buirfkiir, taug!>twith daily ca:e,
Can never da^ce three rteps witii a becoming air.

Dryden,
In his white cloak the raagiftrate appea.'s ;
The country iunpiia the fame liv'rj' wears. DryJ,
It was a favour to admit them to breeding j
they might be ignorant bumf kins and clowns, if
they plcafeJ. - Lccke.

Btj'MPKlNLY. <7<^'. [from btimpkin.'] Hav-
ing the manners or appearance of a
clown ; clownilh.

He is a fimple, blundering, and yet conceited
fellow, who, aiming at defcription, and the ruftick
wonderful, gives an air of bumfklnly romance to
ail he tells. , Ctarifa.

BUNCH. «. / [buncker, Danifti, the
crags of the mountains.]

1. A hard lump ; a knob.

They will carry their trealures upon the iiwriri
of camels, to a peopie chat ihall not prulit them.

Ifiiiah, XXX. 6.

He felt the ground, which ho ha<t wint to find
even and foft, to be grown hard, with little round
balls or buiichis, like hard boiled eggs. A'Tyi.

2. A duller ; many of the fame kind grow-
ing together.

Vines, with cluft'ring buKcbft growing. Sbak.

Tiiim faid, that he knew no better rule for the
diftribution of the lights and rtiadows, than iiia
obfcivation drawn from a hunch of grapes. DryJ,

For tliL-e, large banetes load the bending vtne,
- And the lad bleirings of the vi-ar are thine. Dryd.

3. A number of things tied together.

And on his arms a tumt of keys he b.)re.

Fairy ^een.

All .' I know not what ye call all j but if I
fouglit not with fif:y of them, I am a buncb of
radd;fl>. Slekcffeare.

Ancient Janus, with his double face '
And baiKi of keys, the porter of the place. Dryd!,

The mother's bur.b of keys, or any thing they
cannot hurt thcmreives with, ferves to divert little
children. Loikf.

4. Any thing bound into a knot : as, a
bunch of ribbon ; a tuft.

Upon the top of all his lofty creft, ,

A buit^h of hairs difcover'd diverfly.
With fprinkled pcavl and gold full richly dreff.

Sfcnfir.

To Bunch, f. n. [from the noun.] To
fvvcU out in a bunch; to grow out in
protuberances.

It has the refemblancc of a champignon before
it is opened, bu.tcbiag out into a large round knob
at one end. fVoclward.

Bunch ba'ck ED. ad/, [from bunch and
back.] Having bunches on the back j
crookbacked.

The day (Ijall come, that thou (haltwi(h foroie,
To liclp tbeecurfe this pois'uuus huncbiacVd toad.

Rbaktjpeare,

Bu'vcHiNEss. n.f [from ^««r^.] The
quality of being bunchy, or growing in
bunches.

Bu'nchy. adj. [from Lunch.} Growing
ia bunches j having tufts.

He

BUN

BUR

BUR

He IS more efpecially diftinguiiHeJ from otFer
birds, by his iur.cby tail, and the ihortnefs of hii

legs. Cr(XV.

BUrNDLE. n.f. {b^^nble, Sax, frombynb.]
\. A number of things bound together.

As to the turjlts of pi^nrins in parliament, diey
were, for the moft part,"j)«titJOOS of private per-
fons. I'.ale.

Try, lads, can you this bandU break; —

Then bids the youngeft of the fix

Take up a well-bound heap of flicks. Sivift.

2. A roll; any thing rolled up.

She carried a great bundle oi Flanders I:ice under
her arm ; but Anding hcrlelf overloaden, (he drop-
ped the good man, and brought away the lund.'e.

To Bu'ndle. t/. a, [from the noun.] To
tie in a bundle ; to tie together : with
«/.

We ought to put things together as well as we
can, dcFtr'wae (aufj ; but, after all, feveral things
will not be humiUd up together, under our terms
and ways of fpeakirg. Lnke,

See hnw the double nation lie?.
Like a rich coat with fkirts of frize ;
As if a man, in malcing pjftcs,
Should hur.dU thirties up wiih i-ofes. Snuifr*

BUNG, n./ [i!ng, Welfh.] A Hopple for
a barrel.

After three' nights are expired, the next morn-
ing pull out the l>'-"lg ftick, or plug. MulMir.

T'oSvftG.'v.a. [ from the noun. ] To Hop ;
to clofe up.

Bo'nghole. n.f. [from ^a«f and ic/c-l
The hole at which the barrel is filled,
and which is afterwards ftopped up.

Why may not imaginatinn trace the nobleit duft
of Alexander, till he iinil it Hopping a liurgldt f

Shaktjpeart,

To BU'NGLE. T. ». [See Bungler.]
To perform clumfily.

When men wane l^ghr.

They mak£ but lur^gling woik. Drydtir,

Letters t) me ate not fe!do:n opened, and then

feated in a burtgUng manner before they come tc

my hands. ^ivlfi.

To Bu'ngle. f. a. To botch ; to manage
clumfily ; to conduct awkwardly : with
up.

Other Jevi's, that fuggeit by treafons.
Do botch anit bungU uf dtm ati n.
With patchu, cclouriy juid with forms, being

tctcht
From gl'd'ting femblancej of piety. Shaii/fearc.
They make lame mifchicf, thco^b they mean
it well :
Their int'reft is not finely <*tawn, and hid.
But fcams are roarfcly bun^hd up, and (cen. Dryd.

Bu'nole. n.f. [tVom the verb.] A botch ;
an awkwardnefs ; an inaccuracy ; a
cluBify performance.

Errours and hunglti are committed, when thf
matter is inafc or contumacious.

Ray 9Tt tbf Crtalhr..

Bu'mgler. «.y. [^lu^^/^'r, Wellh; y. Ion
y glcr, i. e. the lad or loweft of the pro-
feflion. DavUi.'\ A bad workman ; .-i
clumfy performer ; a man without Ikill.

I'jintcrs, at tlx 6rli, were luch buH^/trt, md f"
ruile, that, wl.cn they drew a c«w or a h^g, rhc)
were fain to write over the head what it wai ;
othcrwife the beholder knew not what to m^ke of
it. Ptacham en DrjKvlng.

Hard features every bungler can command .
To .iraw true beauty (hews a maftcr** hand. Dryd.

A burgUr thus, who fcarce the nail can hit,
With driving wrung will make the paonci fplit.

S-uif!.
Bu'itCLlNGLy. ad-v. [from bungliag.l
Cluoifily; awkwardly.

To denominate them monSets, they muft have
had fomo fyilem of parts, compounded of folids
and fluids, that executed, though but burglingly,
their. peculiar furdlions. Bcnilry.

BuNN. n.f. [bunelo, Span ] A kind of
fweet bread.

Thy for.gs are fwceter to mine ear.
Than to the thirty cattle rivers clear.
Or winter porridge to the iab'ring yojth.
Or bunn$ and fugar to the damftrs tnutli.

Gay^i Pafl'jrals,

Bunt. //./ [corrupted, as 5>(;«ffr thinks,
from bent.] A fwelling part; an in-
creafing cavity.

'I he wear is a frith, reaching flopewife through
the ooze, from the land to low water mark, and
having in it a bunt, or cod, with an eye-hook,
where the fifli entering, upon the coming back
with the ebb*, are flopped from ilTuing out again,
forfaken fay the water, and left dry or> the ooze.

Cartnu.

To Bunt. f. ». [from the noun.] Tofweli

out : as, the fail buuts out.
Bu'nter. n.f. A cant word for a woman

who picks up rags about the ftrect ; and

ufed, bv way of contempt, for any low

vulgar woman.
Bu'ntikg. n.f. [emberizaalbal The

name of a bird.

I twk this lark for a bunting. Shaktffieare.

Bu'ntinc. n.f. The ftuff of which a
(hip's colours are made.

BUOY, n f Houi', or boye, Fr. boya, Span.]
A piece of cork or wood floating on the
water, tied to a weight at the bottom.

The filhermen, that walk upon tie beach.
Appear like mice ; and yond tall anchoring bark
Dimlnifh'd to her cock; her cock a buoy,
Almoft too fmall for fight. Sbakefp. King Lear.

Like bucyi, that n<^'cr fink into the flood.
On learning's furface we but lie and nod.

Pipe's Dunciad.

To Buot. 1'. a. [from the noun. The u
is mute in both.] To keep afloat j to
bear up.

All art is ufed to £nk epifcopacy, and liuncli
prelbytery, in England ; which was lately buoyed
up in Scotland, by the like artifice of a covenant.

King ChurUi.

The water which rifes out of the abyfs, for the
fupply of fprings and rivers, would not have ftoppe 1
at the furface of the earth, but marched direflly
up into the atmofphere, wherever there was heat
enough in the air to continue its afcent, and buy
it up. JVccdivard' s Natural Hijiory,

7« Buoy. v. k. To float ; to rife by fpe-
cifick lightnefs.
Rifmg merit will buoy Up at laft.

Pope's EJfay on Criticifm.
Buo'yANCY. n.f. Ifrom buoyant.] The
quality of floating.

All the winged tribes owe their flight and buoy-
ancy to it. Dertam't Phyfui-Theohgy.

Buo'yant. adj. [from ^«^_)i.] Floating;
light; that which will not fiuk. Dry den
ufej the word, perhaps improperly, for
fomething th't has denfity enough to
hinder a floating body from finking.

1 fwom with the tide, and the water under me
was buoyant. Dry den.

His once fo vivid nerves.
So full ot buoyant fpirit, now no more
Infp're the courfe. Tbomfon^t j4utumn.

Bur, Bour, Bor, come from the Sax.
bup, an inner chamber, or place of ihade
and retirement. GJifoii's Camden.

Bur. n.f. \_ltippa : bonrre,Fc. is down ;
the bur lieing filled with a foft tcmcntum,
or down.] A rough head of a plant.

called 2i burdock, which Hicks to the hair
or clothes.

Nothing teems

But hateful docks, rough thirties, keckfies, hurt,

Lofing both bcautj' ajjd utility. Shatsfp. Henry V.

Hang ofl", thou cat, thou bur', vile thing, let

loofe ;

Or I wilt ihakc thee from me like a ferpent. Shak,

Depti;dents and fuitors are always the burs, and

fometimes the briers, of favourites. fVot'^!..

"Whither betake her
From the chill dew, amongrt rude burs and thirties.

Mill on.
And where the vales with violets once were
crown'd,
Now knotty iuri and thorns difgrace the ground.

Vtyden.

A fellow (luck like a bur, that there was no

(haking him off. Arhuthnot's Hiji.offohn Bull.

Bu'rbot. n.f. A filh full of prickles.

Dia.

Bu'rdelais. n.f. A fort of grape.

BU'RDEN. n.f [hyphen. Sax. and there-
fore properly written httrthen. It is
fuppofed to come from burdo, Lat. a
mule.]

1. A load ; fomething to be carried.

Camels have their provender
Only for bearing burdens, and fore blows
For finking under them. Shakefp. Coriclarut.

It is of ufe in lading of rtiips, and may help to
fliew what burden, in the feveral kinds, they will
bear. Bacon^s Pbyjlcal Remjinsi

2. Something grievous or wqjbrifome.

Couldft thou fuppart
That burden, heavier than the earth to hear ?

Mi/ton.

None of the things that are to learn, fliould ever

be made a burden to them, orimpofed on them as

» talk. Locke.

Deaf, giddy, helplcfs, left alone.

To all my friends a burden grown. Stoifti

3. A birth : now obfolete.

Thou hadft a wife once, callM i^milia.
That bore thee at a burden two fair fons. Shakejp.

4. The verfe repeated in a fong ; the bob ;
the chorus.

At ev'ry clofe flic made,^h' attending throng
Reply'd, and bore the burden of the fong.

Dryden's FaHe!.

5. The quantity that a (hip will carry, or
the capacity of a (hip : as, a (hip of a
hundred tons burden.

ToBu'rden. nj.a. [from the noun.] To
load ; to incumber.

Burden not thyfelf above thy power.

Ecclus. xiii. 2.

I mean not that other men be ealed, and you

burdened. Corinthians, viii. 13.

With meats and drinks they had fuffic'd,
Not burden d nature. Milton.

Bu'rdener. n.f. [from burden.] A

loader ; an oppre(ror.
Bu'rdenous. iidj. [^xom. burden.]

1. Grievous; opprelfive ; wearilbme.

Make no jcft of that which hath fo carneftly
pierced me through, nor let that be light to thee
which to me is fu burdenous. Sidney.

2. Ufelefs ; cumbcrforae.

To what an 1 be uleful, wherein fcrve.
But to fit idli: on the Houihnld hearth,
A burd^nous drone, to vifitauts a gaze.

Milt^.n^s Sampfon Agonijltt.
Bu'rdensome. adj. [from burden.'\
Grievous ; troublefome to be born.

His leifurc told him that his time was come,
And lack o\ load made his life burderjft,n:e. Milton*

Could 1 but live till burdenjome they prove.
My life would be imworta! as my love.

Dryden's Indian ErMcrour.
AliTftancci

BUR

AffiftancM ilwayt attending ui, ujion the eafy
condition of our prayere, and by which the moft
burdchme duty will become light and eafy. Rogtn.
Bu'rdensombness. n. /. [from burdtn-
/om.] Weight j heavinefs ; uaeafinefs to
be born.
BvuDOCK. n. /. [per/elata.] A plant.
Bureau'. «. /. [iui^au, Fr.] A cheft of
drawers with a writing-board. It is
pronounced as if it were fpelt iuro.
For not the deik with filver nails,

Nor bureau of expence,
Nor ftandilh well japann'd, availl

To writing uf good feme. Siv'ifi.

Burg. n./. See Burrow,

Bu'rcace. n.f. [hom burg, 01 burrow. '\

A tenure proper to cities and towns,

whereby men of cities or burrows hold

.their lands or tenements of the king,

•or other lord, for a certain yearly rent.

Couuell.

The grofs of the borough Is furveyed together

"in thl beginning of the county j but there are fome

other particular burgages thereof, mentioned under

the titiea of particular men's pofli:(rions.

Halt's Origin of M,inkiKd,
Su'rgamot. n.f. \bergamotte, Fr.]
I . A fpecies of pear.
«. A kind of perfume.
Bu'rgaket. In./, [from burginote, Fr.]
£u'rgonet. 3 A kind of helmet.

Upon his bead his gliftering burganel.
The wliich 5?(is wrought by wonderous device,
And curioufly engraven, he did fit.

Sjienfir's Muiofetm^s.

This day I'll wear aloft my hurgomt, ,
Ev-'n to affrigiit thee with the view thereof. Shai.

I was page to a footman, carrying after him his
pike and burganet. Hiikewi!'.!"' Prtrvideact.

^URGEO'IS. n.f. [bourgeois. Fr.]
1. A citizen; a burgefs.

It is a republic itfclf, under the protcftion of
the eight ancient cantons. There are in it an
hundred burgcois, and about a thaufand fouls.

JUiiifin '.n Itj/y.

Z. A type of a particular fort, probably
called fo from him who firft ufed it ; as.
Laugh where we muft, be candid where we
can.
But vindicate the ways oTGod to man. Pope.
Bu'rcess, n.f. [bourgeois, Fr.]
I . A citizen ; a freeman of a city or cor-
porate town.
Z. A reprefentative of a town corporate.

The whole cafe was difperfed by the knights of
fiiires, and burgejfes of towns, through all the veins
of the land. — tVotlor:.

BURGH, n.f. [See Burrow.] A cor-
porate town or burrow.

Many tjwns in Cornwal, when they were firft
.sllowed to fend burgqlTes to the parliament, bore
another prop )rtbn to London thiin now; for fevcra.
■of thefe burghs fend two burgelfes, whereas t-on-
don itfclf fends but four. Crau/ic.

Blu'rghbr. n.f. [from burgb.] One who
has a right to certain privileges in this
or that place. Loch.

It irks me, the poor dap{)kd fools,
Being -native burghers of this dcfart city.
Should in thilr own confines, with furlCvd heads.
Have their round haunches gor'd.

Shakcfjfteare's Asycu like it.

After the multitude of the common people was

difmifled, and the chief of the hurghers fent for,

tlie imperious letter was read before the better fjrt

of citizens. Knollts.

Bu'rghership. n.f. [from burgher.'\
The privilege of a burgher.

BUR

Bu'romastbr. See Burcomajtkr.

Bu'rclar. n.f. One guilty of the crime
of houl'ebreaking.

BU'RGLARY. n.f. [from burg, a houfe,
and larron, a thief.]

In the natural fignihcation, is nothing but the
robbing of a houfe j but, Xi it is a term of art, our
common lawyers reftrain it to robbing a houfe by
night, or breaking in with an intent to rob, or do
fome other felony. The like oftence, committed
by day, they call houfe-robbing, by a peculiar
name. CenotU.

What fay you, father ? Burglary is but a venia!
fin among foldicrs. DrydcrCs Sfanijh Friur.

Bu'rgomaster. n. f. [from burg and
majlcr.'\ One employed in the govern-
ment of a city.

They chufe their councils and Ivrgomajltrs out
o{,the burgcois, at in the other governments ot
SwitacrUnd. Add<fcr..

BuRH, is a tower; and,- from that, a
defence or proteftion : fo C'-wenburh is
a woman ready to aflift ; Cuthbur, emi-
nent for affilbnce. Gihfon's Camden.
Bu'rial. n.f. [ftota To bury.'\
I. The ad of burying^ fepultute ; inter-
ment.
Nor would we deign him burial of his men.

Shakejftare.
See my wcalrhy Andrew d'-'ck'd in fand.
Vailing her high top lower than her ribs.
To kifs her burial, Shakefp. Merchant ofVemce.

Your body I fought, and, had I found,
Defign'd for burial in your native g-ound.

Dryden^s JEne'ui-

z. The ad of placing any thing under
earth or water.

We have great lakes, both fait and frcfli ; we
ufe them for burials of fome natural bodies : for
we find a difference of things buried in earth,
and things buried in water. Bacon.

3. The church fervice for funerals.

The olfice of the chur-ch 's pcrfctrmcd by the
parllh prielt, at the time of interment, if not pro-
hibited unto perfons excommunicated, .and laying
violent hands on themfcivcs, by a rubrick of the
burial fervice. /lylife's ParergM.

Bu'rier. n.f. [horn bury.} He that bu-
ries ; he that performs the aft of inter-
- ment.

Let one fpirit of the firft-born Cain
Reign in ail bofoms, that, each heart being fet
On bloody crturfes, the rude fccnc may end,
And darknefs be the buritr of the dead.

Shakefpfare's Henry W.

BlfRINE. n.f. [French.] A graving
tot)l ; H graver.

Wit is like tire graver's burinc upon copper, or
the corrodings of aquafortis, which engrave and
indent the chaiadlers, that they can never be de-
faced. Gcvernment of the Tongue.

To Burl. v. a. To drefs cloth as fullers
do. Dicl.

Bu'r:i.ace. n.f [corruptly written for
burdelais.] A fort of grape.

BURLE'SQUE. adj. [Fr. from burlare,
Ital. to jell.] Jocular; tending to raifc
laughter by unnatural or unfuitable lan-
guage or images.

Homer, in his cliarafler of Vulcan and Ther-
fites, in his ftory of Mars and Venus, in his be-
haviour of Irus, and in other paHiigcs, has been
obferved to have lapfcd into the burltfque charac-
ter, and to have deorrtcj from tliat ferious air,
efl'ential to the raagairicence of an epic poem.

Addifin.

Burle'sque. n.f. Ludicrous language
or ideas ; ridicule.
When a ma:i la/s out a twclveon h on the

BUR

fpoti In the fun, however noble hit fpeculationi
may be, they are very apt to fall into burlefjue,

' Addijon on Ancient Mt dais.

To Burle'sque. v. a. [from the adjec-
tive.] To turn to ridicule.''

Would Homer apply the epithet divine to a
modern fwineherd ? if not, it is an evidence that
Eumeus was a man of confequence ; othcrwife Ho-
mer would burlejque his own poetry

Broome's Notes en the Odyffey.

Bu'rliness. n.f, [from burly.'\ Bulk;

blufter.
BU'Rl^Y. adj. [Junitis has no etymology;

Skinner iniagmes it to come from ^eer-

//;ff, clownilh.] Great of llature ; great

of fize ; bulky ; tumid.

Steel, if thou turn thine edge, or cut not out
the burly boned clown in chines of beef, ere thou
deep in thy (heath, I befcich Jove, that thou
may'll be turned into hobnails. Shakefpeare.

It was the orator's own burly way of nonienfe.

Co^vley.

Away with all your Carthaginian ftate,
Let vanquiihed Hannibal without diors wait.
Too burly and too big to pafs my narrow gan.

Dry den.

Her hulband being a very burly mau, flie
thought it would be le/'s trouble for her to bring
away little Cupid. Addijcn,

To BURN. 'V, a, preterite and participle
burned, or burnt, [bepnan, Saxon.]

1. To confume with fire.

They burnt Jericho with fire. jfoAua,

The fire burruth the wood. Pjjims.

Altar of Syrian mode, whereon to burn
His odious offerings. Milton.

That where fhe fed his amorous defires
With foft complaints, and felt his hotteft fires.
There other flames might wafte his earthly part,
And burn his limbs where love had burn'd his
heart. Dryden.

A flelhy cxcrefcence, becoming exceeding hard,
is fuppofcd to demand extirpation, by burring away
the induration, or amputating. Sharp's Surgery,

2. To wound or hurt with fire or heat.

Hand for hand, foot for foot, burning for burn-
ing, wound for wound, ftripe for iTripe.

Exodus, XXI. 2 J.

3. To exert the qualities of heat, as by
drying or fcorching.

O that I could but weep, to vent my paflion !
But this dry forrow burns up all m. tears. Dryden.

To Burn. <t'. ».

1. To be on fire ; to be kindled.

A fire dcvourcth before them, and behind them
a flame bi-i-vetb ; the land is as the garden of Eden
before them, and behind them a aefolatc wilder-
nefs. yocl.

The mount ii/r«rf,w!lh'fire. Exodus.

O coward confclence, how doft thouaffllft mc!
The light burns blue. Is it not dead midnight 2
Cold fearful drops Hand on my tiembilng flefh.

Shukijfeare.

2. To (hine ; to fparkle.

The barge fhe fat in, like a bur.-jlfh'd throne,
Burnt on the water. Shaktfpeare.

Oh prince I oh wherefore burn your eyes ? and
why
Is your fweet temper turn'd to fury ? Rowe,

3. To be inflamed with pallion or defire.

When I burnt in dcfirc to qucftion them farther,
they made thcmfclvcs air, into which they vanlfhed.

Sbak^Jpcare,
Tranio, I burn, I pine, I perifh, Tranio,
If I achieve n; t this young nrodcft girl ! Sbaktfp,

In Raleigh, mark their cv'ry glory mix'd ;
Ra e gh the fcourge of Spain, whofc brcaft with all
The lage, the patriot, and tlie Irero burn'd.

Tiarfiiit

4. To aSt with deftruftlve violence : uicU

of the paflions.
Siiall thy wrath burp like fire i

Pjalms.

5. To

BUR

5. To be in a (late of deftraftive Comfflo-
tion.

The nations bleed where'er her fteps (he turns,
The groan ftill deepens, and the combat hums.

Fnfe.

6. It is ufed particul-.rly of love.

She hurr.s., Ihe raves, fhe dies, 'tis true ;
But burns, and raves, and dies, for you. Addifor

Bu'rning. adj. [from the participle.]
Vehement ; powerful.

Thefc things fting him
So vcnomoufiy, that burti'iKg ihame detains him
From his Cordelia. Shakijfeare-

I had a gllmpfe of him } but he {hot by me
Like a young hound upon a burring fcent. Drydar^

Burn. n.f. [from the verb.] A hurt
caufed by fire.

We fee the phlegm of vitriol is a very effi:(2ual

remedy againll barns. B'-yle.

Bu'rner. n.f, [from burn.'] A perfon

that burns any thing.
Bu'rnet. n.f. [fimj/i/iella, Lat.] The
name of a plant.

The even mead, that erft brought fweetly forth

The freckled cowflip, iarB.f, and green clover.

Shaiefpfare.

Bu'rning. n.f. [from turn.] Firej
flame; (late of inflammation.

The mind furely, of icfelf, can feel none of the
hurnings of a fever. South.

In liquid burnings, or on dry, to dwell.
Is all the fid variety of hell. Drydm.

Bo'rning-glass. n.f. [irora burning and
glafs. ] A glafs which coilefls the rays
of the fun into a narrow compafs, and fo
increafes their force.

The appetite of her eye did feem to fcorch me
up like a burning-glafs. Shakefptare.

Love is of the nature of a hurning-ghjs, which,
kept ftill in one place, fireth ; changed often, it
doth nothing. Suckling.

O diadem, thou centre of ambition.
Where all its different lines are rcconcil'd.
As if tbou wert Che burning-glafs of glory !

Drydm.

7i BU'RNISH. <!>. tf. [iurnir, Fr.] To
polifh ; to give a glofs to.

MiHike me not for my complexion.
The fliadow'd livery 0* the burnijh'd fua.
To whom 1 am a neighbour, and near bred.

isbttktfpeare.

Make a plate of them, and burnifo it as they do

iron. Bmiin.

The frame o{ lurniJJj'd ftccl, that call a glite
From far, and Iccm'd to thaw the freezing ^ir.

Dryden.

3"d Bu'rnish. f. ». To grow bright or
gloffy.

I 've feen a fnake in human form.
All ftain'd with infamy and vice.
Leap from the dunghill in a trice,
Burr'Jh, and make a gaudy (how,
liecome a gen'ral, peer, an-i beau. Sivift.

ToBu'rnish. V, n. [of uncertain ety-
mology.] To grow ; to fprc?.d out.
This rhrry Lould do, while 2»jtutn iill'd the
throne.
Ire Juno burnijh'i, or young Jove was grown.

Dryd(n,
To (boot, and fpiead, and hunipt\nvi rran.

Dryden.
Mrs. P.-lmley's great beljy (he may lace down
before, but it burmjiMS on her hips. Congrc'ui,

Bu'rnisher. n.f. [from biirai/h.]

1. The perfon that burnilhes or polillios.

2. The tool with which bookbinders give
a glofs to the leaves of books : it is com-
monly a dog's tooth fet in a ftick.

"Bvt.v.y. farlicip. faff, of burn: applied
to liquors, it means made hot.
Vol. I.

BUR

I find it very difficult to knowj

Who, to refreflj th' attendants to a grave,

Burr.t claret fiift, or Naples bifcuit, gave. King.

Burr. n. f. The lobe or lap of the ear.

Dia.

Burr Pump. [In a (hip.] A pump by the
fide of a (hip, into which a (la(f (even
or eight feet long is put, having a burr
or knob of wood at the end, which is
drawn up by a rope faftened to the mid-
dle of it ; called alfo a bilge pump.

Harris.

Bu'rras Pipe. [With furgeons.] An in-
(Irument or ve(rel ufed to keep corrod-
ing powders in, as vitriol, precipitate.

Harris.

Bu'rrel. n, f. Afortofpear, otherwife
called the red butter pear, from its
fmooth, delicious, andfoft pulp. Philips.

Bu'rrel Fly. [frombourreler, Fr. to exe-
cute, to torture.] An infeift, called alfo
cxfiy, gadbee, or breeze. DiSl.

Bu'rrbl Shot, [from bourreler, to exe-
cute, inijhot.'] In gunnery, fmall bul-
lets, nails, (lones, pieces of old iron,
l^c. put into cafes, to be difcharged out
of the ordnance ; a fort of cafelhot.

Harris.

Bu'rrock. n. /. A fmall wear or dam,
where wheels are laid in a river for
catching of fi(h. Philips.

Bu'rrow, Berg, Burg, Burgh. ». /.
[derived from the Saxon bupj, bypj, a
city, tower, or caftle. Gib/on's Gamden.']
I. A corporate town, that is not a city,
but fuch as fends burgeifes to the par-
liament. All places that, in former
days, were called boroughs, were fuch as
were fenced or fortified. Coiuell.

King of England (halt thou be proclaim'd
In cv'ry burrcnv, as we pafs along. Shtikefpeare.

PolTeflion of land was the original right of elec-
tion among the commons ; and burrc'.ws were en-
titled tolJC, as they were pofTefl'cd of certain trsfls.

TiKflt.

z. The holes made in the ground by conies.

When they (hall fee his ciell up again, and the
man in blood, they will out of their burmivs, like
conies after rain, and revel all with him. SbaUfp.
To Bu'rrow. v. n. [from the noun.] To
make holes in the ground ; to mine, as
conies or rabbits.

Some ftrew fand amont; their corn, which, they
fay, prevents mice and rats bumtuing in it ; bf-
caufe of its faiiiiig into rlieir ears. Martimcr.

Little ilnufes wouid form, and ^vrro^u under-
neath. I Sharp.

Bu'rsaR. n.f. [bur/arius, L.a.t.]

1. The treafurer ol a college.

2. Students fent as exhibitioners to the
univerfities in Scotland by eaeh prelby-
tery, from whom they have a fmall year-
ly allowance for four years.

Bur SB. ». /. [bourye, Fr. bur/a, Lat. a
purfe ; or from birfa, Lat. the ex-
change of Cartl):ige.] An exchange
v/here merchants meet, and fliops arc
kept ; (b called, becaufi the fion of tite
purle was anciently fct over fuch a place.
The exchange in the Strand was termed
Britain's Burie by James I. Philips.

to BURST. -.'. n. I bur^ ; I have burjl,
or burjieif. [bujij-tan, iaxon.]

B U R

1 . To break, or fly open ; to fufFer a violent
difruption.

So (hall thy barns be (illed with plenty, and thy
prelTes (hall hurji out wiih new wine. P«r. iii. 10.

It is ready to burji like new bottles. ^cA.

Th' egg, that foon
Burning with kindly rupture, forth difclos'd
The ca'.lov.' young. Milmu,

2. To fly afunder.

Vet am I thankful ; if my heart vrere great,
'T would hurfi at this*- Staktfpcarsr

3. To break away ; tP fpring.
You buij}, ah cruel ! from my arms,

Anu I'wiftly (hoot along the Mali,

Or foftly gild-- by the Canal. Pcfa

4. To come fuddenly.

A refolvcd villain,
Whofe bowels fuddenly burjl out ; the king
Vet (peaks, and peraJventure may recover. Sltai.

If the worlds
In worlds inclos'd (hould on his fenfes iur^.
He would abhorrent turn. 'Tb-^mfaiu

5. To come with violence.

Wcl! didrt thou, Richard, to fupprefs thy vo'.Ce ;
For haJ the palTions of thy heart burfi out,
I fear we (hould have feen decypher'd there
More ranc'rous I'pite. Shckefpcare^

Where is the notable palTage over the river Eu-
phrates, burjiiitg out by the vallies of the mountain
Antitaurus j from whence the plains of Mefopo- '.
tamia, then part of the Perfian kingdom, begin
to open themielves. Kmllcs^

Young fpring protrudes the burjiing gsms.

TbanfotJt ,i

6. To begin an aflion violently or fuddenly.

She bwfi into tears, and wrung her hands.

Arhulhnot,

To Burst, 'v. a. To break fuddenly ; to
make a quick and violent difruption.

My breait I'll burjl with draining of my courage,"
And from my (houldcrs crack my arms afurdsr.
But 1 will challifc this high-minded (trumpet.

* Shiiktfi>eare*

He faften'd on my neck, aod bcllow'd our, ;

As if he would ^wr^heav'n. Sbakcfpeare,

1 will bieak his yoke from off thy neck, and will "
burji thy bonds. Jer. xxx. 8.

Mofes faith alfo, the fountains of the great abyfs
were burjl afunder, to make the deluge ; and what
means this abyfs, and the burjiing of it, if reltrain-
ed to Judaea ? what appearance is there of this dif-
ruption there ? Burnct*sTkesry,

If the juices of an animal body' were, lo as by
the mixture of the oppofites, to caufe an ebullition,
they would burjl the vedi-ls. Arbuibmt.

Burst. «.y.' [from the verb.] A fuddeii
difruption ; a fudden and violent aftion
of any kind.

Since I was man,
Suoh (heets of (ire, fuch bjtrjl of iwrr\d t'lundcr.
Such gioans of roaring wind and rain, I never
Reoiember to have heard. Shaktffiare,

Down they came, and drew
The whole roof alter tlicm, viithhurjl of thunder.
Upon the heads of all. Mil/on,

Imprifon'd (ires, in the clofe dungeons {tenc,
U-jar to get lui^lc, and (truggie for a vent ;
J:^Jtiiig tl.e'r way, and undermining all.
Till with 3 mighty burjl whole mountains fall.

Addifm.
fluRST. "Iparticip. adj. \Jrcim burjl. '\

Bu'rstkn. j Difeafed with a hernia, or

rupture-.
Bu'ksten N£ss. It./, [from burjL'\ A rap-
ture, or hernia. '
Bu'r^twort. n.f. {from burfi andi ivort •
he<ninria,h3.1in.'\ An herb good agni It
ruptures. /).<?.
Burt. n.f. A flat fifliof the turbot kind.

To Bu'rthen. -v. a. 1 c o

o ' /• f See PuRDEN.

li

Sicrei

BX5S

ihicrFil to ridiiMc his whole life longi
A: d tlie f.iJ turiiiti of fomc merry fmg. Ptfe,

Bu'rton. n.f. [In a (hip.] Afmalluckle
to be faAened any where at pleafure,
confilHng of two fingle pullies, for hoiil-
iiig fraall things in or out. Phillips.

Bu'rv. n.f. [from bnpj, Sax.] A dwel-
ling-place : a termination Hill added to
the names of feveral places ; as, Alder-
monbury, St. EJmond's Bury ; fometimes
written bery. Phillips.

Bu'rv. n.f. [corrupted from borough.']
It is his nature to dig bimfcif turUs, aj the
^oney duth ; ohich he doth with very great cele-
rity. Grrw.

To BU'RY. 1/. a. [byjujean, Saxon.]

1. To inter ; to put into a grave.

Wl.en he lies aiong,
After your way his talc proaounc'c, fljall bury
His reafons with his body. Sbakifpeare .

2. To inter, with the rites and ceremonies
of fepulture.

Slave, thou haft flain me !
If ever tbou wilt tiuive, bury my body. Staktjf.

If you have kindnefs left, there fee me laid j
Tn bury decently the injur'd maid.
Is all the favo.:.-. _ WalUr.

3. To conceal ; to hide.

This is the way to make the city flat,
And bury all, which jet diftinOly ranges.
In heaps and piles of ruin. Shaktfffdre.

4. To place one thing within another.

A tearing groan did break
The name of Antony j it was divided
Between her lieart and lips ; flie render'd life,
Thy name fo iury'd in her. SbaitJ'ftart,

Bu'rying-place.w./ a place appoint-
e,d for the fepulture of dead bodies.

The place was formerly a church-yard, and has
Sill feveral marks in it of gl aves and bury'mg-flaces.

Hfeliator.

BUSH. «./ [ills, French.]
I. .A thick ihrub.

Eft through tl-.e thiek they heard one mdely rufli,
With noife whereof, he from his lofty fteed
Pown fell to ground, and crept into a bup,
To hide hii coward head from dying dread.

Foiry Sjiieti.

The poller, and exaflcr of fees, ju(li6cs the rc-
fenibiaace of the courts of juftice to the bujh,
'whcrcunto while the Iheep flics for defence from
the weather, he is fure to lofe part of the fleece.

Baani E£ap.

Her heart tras that ftrange hujh, whofe facred fire
Religion did not confume, but infpire
Such piety, fo chaftc ufc>of Cod's day.
That what we tutn'd to fcaft, flie tum'd to pray.

With fuch a care.
At rofej from their ftalks we tear,
"When we Ivould ftill prefer them now.
And frelh ai on the buJh they grew, Waller.
The facred ground
Shall vreeds and pois'nous plants rcfufe to bear;
Each common bujh Diall Syrian rofes v\ear. DryJeii.

a. A bough of a tree fixed up at a door,
to Ihew that liquors are fold there.

If it be true that good wine needs no buJh, 'tis
true that » good play- needs no epilogue. Siahjf.

To Bi;sH. -v. ». [firom the noun,] To grow
thick.

The rofes tujh'wg round
About her glow'd, half (looping to fupport
Each flower of tender ftalk. Milieu.

A guOiing fountain broke
Amund it, and above, for ever green,
The iujhittg alders form'J a fliady fcene.

Ptfe'i OAyJfey.

Bu'sHFt. «./ [horjfeuu, Fr. bufcllus, low
Lat.]

BUS

t. A meafure containing eight gallons} a
ftrike.

His reafons arc as two grains of wheat hid in t«(>
lujhili of ch ifl'; you (hall feek all day ere you find
them i and when you hajp them, they are not
worth the lea. ch. ' ibahjpiarc.

2. It is ufed, in common language, inde-
firdtely for a large tjuantity.

The worthies of antiquity bought the rareft pic-
tures with I'ujht/i of gold, without counting the
weight or the nunvbcr oi' pieces. Drydn.

3. Biijhels of a c/trt-ivhccl. Irons within
the hole of the nave, to preferve it from
wearincr. ffrom bauche, Fr. a mouth.]

■ '• Dia.

Bu'sHiNESs.w./ [frombupy.'] The qua-
lity ofbcing Ijufhy.

Bu'sHMENT.H./[from^a/?'.] A thicket;
a clufter of bulhes.

Princes thought liow they might difcharge the
earth of woods, b.iars, btijhmenii, aud waters, to
make it more habitable and fertile. Rult'igb.

Bu'sHV. adj. [from ^»/*.]

1. Thick ; full of fmall branches, not high.

The gentle (hepherd fat befide a fpring.
All in the fliadow of a hufiy brier. Sptrftr.

Generally the cutting away of bought and fuck-
ers, at the root and body, doth make trees gt-ow'
high J and, conttariwife, the polling and cutting
of the top, make them fpread and grow bujhy.

Bacm.

2. Thick like a bufli.

Statues of this god, with a thick hupy beard,
are dill many of them eltant in Rome. AddiJ'i-

3. Full of bufties.

The kids with pleafure browfe the buftiy plain ;
The fliow'rs are grateful to the fwelling grain,

Dryden.

Bu'siLESS. adj. [from^K^.] Atleifure;
without bufinefs ; unemployed.

The fweet thoughts do even refreih my labour,
Moft bufiUh when I do it. Sbakefptare.

Bu'siLY. /Jfl). [irom bu/y.']

1. With an air of importance; with an air
of hurry.

2. Curioufly ; importunately.

Or if too bufly they will cnquirt
Into a vlflory, which we difdaln,

Then let them know, the Belgians did retire
Before the patron faint of injur'd Spain. Drjdtn.

Bu'siNESs. n.f. [from ^tt^.]

1. Employment; multiplicity of affairs.

Mull bufincjs thee from hence remove ?
Oh I that "s the word difeafe of love. Daimc.

2. An affair. In this fenfe it has tht plural.

Bcftow
Your needful counfel to our bufintjcs.
Which crave the inftant ufc. ShDktfpcarc.

3. The fubjeft of bufinefs ; the affair or
objeft that engages the care.

You are fo much the bujia.j's of our fouls, that
while you are in fight we can neither look nor
think on any elfe ; there- are no eyes for other
beauties. Drydtv.

The great bujinrfs of the fenfes being to take
notice of what hurts or advantages the body. Locke.

4. Serious engagement : in oppoiltion to
trivial traniaftions.

I never knew one, who made it his bufiirfi to
lafli the faults of other writers, that was not guilty
of greater himfelf. ylddijon.

He had bujlntfi enough upon hit hands, and was
only a poet by act. dent. Prior.

•When diverfion Is made the bu/iitifs and ftudy
of life, thoush the ailions chofen be in themfclves
innocent, the excefs.will render them criminal.

Hogers.

5. Right of aftion.

What biifrrji has a tortaife among the clouds ?

h'Efirargc.

BUS

6. A point; a matter of queftion ; fome-
tbing to be examined or confidered,

f itnefs to govern, is a perplexed tujinrfi ; fome
men, fome nations, excel in the one ability, fome
in the other. Ji»cottm

7. Something to be tranfafted.

They were far from the Zidonians, and had n» •
bufintjs with any one. Judga,

8. Something required to be done.

To thofe people that dwell under or near the
equator, this fpring would be moil pcftilent : as for
thofe countries that are nearer the pules, in which
number are our own, and the molt conflderable na-
tions of the world, a perpetual fjkrirg will not do
their bvjiniji; they muft have longer days, a neater
approach to the fun. Btrllcy,

9. To do one's bufinefs. To kill, dellroy,
or ruin him.

Busk, n.f. [bufque, Fr.] A piece of
fteel or whalebone, worn by women to
ftrengthen their ftays.

Off with that happy bujk, which I envy,
That ftill can be and ftill can (land fo nigh. Dorm,
Bu'sKiN. n.f. [brofeien, Dutch.]

1. A kind of half boot; a flioe which
comes to the midleg.

The foot was drefl'ed in a (hort pair of velvet

btijk'mi ; in fome places open, to (hew the fairnef*

of the (kin. Sidney,

Sometimes Diana he her takes to be,

• But miflicth bow, and (hafts, and bujlins to her

kiwe. Spen/er,-

There is a kind of rufticity in all thofe pompous

verfes j fomewbat of a holiday (hepherd ftrutting

in his country bujiins. Dryden.

2. A kind of high flioe worn by the an-
cient adlors of tragedy, to raife their
ilature.

Great Fletcher never treads in jii^ixi here,
No greater Jonfon dares in focks appear, Dryden,

In her heft liiht the comic mufe appears.
When (he with borrow'd pride the bufiin wears.

Smith,

Bu'sKiNED. fl^'. [from bufiin.'] Dreffcd
in bufkins.

Or what, though rare, of later age.
Ennobled hath the b-jjkin'd ftage ? Miltsn,

Here, arm'd with (ilver bows, in early dawn.
Her bujkin'd virgins trac'd the dewy lawn. Fc/it,

Bu'sKY. adj. [written more properly by
Milton, bojky. See BosKY.] Woody;
fliaded with woods ; overgrown with
trees.

How bloodily the fun begins to peer
Above yon bujky hill. Stakrffeare.

BUSS. n.f. [bus, the mouth, Irilh; bouche,
Fr.]

1. A kifs ; a falute with the lips.

Thou doll give me flattering ii/fi,— By my
troth, I kifs thee with a moft conftant heart.

Sbake/feare,

Some fquire perhaps you take delight to rack.
Who vifits with a gun, prcfents with birds.
Then gives a fmacking bu/s. Pope.

2. A boat for filhing. [buj/i, German.]

If the king would enter towards builJing fuch a
number of boaU and bujis, as each company could
eafily manage, it would be an encouragement both
of honour and advant.ige, Tentfle.

To Buss, -v. a. [from the noun.] To kifs ;
to falute with the lips.

Yonder walls, that partly front your town,
Yond towers, whofe wanton topjdoiii/i thee ouds,.
Mull kifs their feet. _ Shahfptdre.

Go to them with this bonnet in thy hand.
Thy kncz buffing the ftones; for in fucli bufinefs,
Aftion is eloquence. Shakejpeart,

Bust. »./ [i;//?a, Itnl.] A ftatuc reprc-
fenting a man to his breall.

Agrippa,

BUS

BUT

BUT

Agrippl, or Cillguta, is a common coin, but a
Xkty extraordinary ii<^; and a Tiberius a rare coin,
but a common huji, j^difon on Italy-

Ambition figh'd : (he found it vain to truft
The faithlefs column, and the ; rumbling tuft.

Pope.

Bu'sTARD. n. /. \biftarde, Fr.] A wild
turkey.

His facrifices were phenicopters, peacocks, iuj-
f«r</i, turkeys, phca/ants) and ail thefcwere daily
offered. ' HaknvUi.

y^Bu'sTLE. v. 11. [of uncertain etymo-
, logy; perhaps fromiujy.] To be bufy ;
to llir ; to be aftive.

Come, tufl/e, ia/?/*— caparifon my horre. Stat.

God take king Edward tn his mercy.
And leave the W3rld for me to tuftle io. Shak-'f/!.

Sir Henry Vane was a bufy and bujilmg man,
who bad credit enough to do his bufinefs in all
places. Clartndon.

A poor abjeft worm.
That crawl'd a while upon a hufiiing world,
And now am trampled to my dull again. Soutbrrnc.

Ye fov'reign lords, who fit like gods in (late.
Awing the world, and h'l filing to be great ! Granville

Bu'sTLE. «r. yi [from the verb.] A tu-
mult ; a hurry ; a combulUon.

Wifdom's felf
Oft feelcJ to fw«£t retired folltude !
She plumes her feathers, and lets grow her wings,
That in the various iu/ilt of refort
Were all too ruffled. Millen.

This is the creature that pretends to knowledge,
tni that makes fuch a noifc and ^u/?/; for opinions.

Glanvi/le.

Such a doftrine made a ftraage iuftle and dif-
turbance in the world, which then fate warm and
tafy in a free enjoyment of their lufts. So:jtt.

If the count bad given them a pot of ale after
it, all would have been well, without any of this
iuftle. Sfedator.

Bu'sTLER. n. /. [from buftk.'\ An adive
(lirring luan.

BU'SY. adj. [byj-jian. Sax. It is pro-
nounced as hijfyy at biz.%y.'\

I. Employed with earneftnefs.

My miArefsfendayoaword that (he nhuly, and
cannot come. Sbakejftare.

3. Buftiing ; aftive ; meddling.

The ne»t thing which fhc waking looks upon.
On meddfing monkey, or on bufy ape.
She (hall purfue it with the foul of love. Shahfp.

Thus Ixfy pow'r is woiking Jay and night;
For when rhe outward fenfcs reft do t^Icc,

^ thoufand dreams, fantartical and light.
With flutt'ring wings, do keep her ftiU awnke.

Dwjitt.

The coming fprlng would fir(! appear.
And all this place with rofcs ttrow.
If hujy feet would let them grow. Wallir.

Alfwritten fince that time, fecm to have little
more than events wc arc g!ad to know, or the
controvcrfy of opinions, wherein the kufy world
has been fo ranch employed. TtmfU.

Religious motives and inftinQs are fo bujy in
tht bejrt of every reafonabic creature, that no
man would hope to govern a fociety, with'iut re-
gard to thofc principles. Addjon.

3. Troublefome ; vexatioofly importunate
or intfnfive.

Tt« chrirtians, fjmetimes valiantly receiving
the enemy, jn.l f mictiracj cliarging them again,
npuUtd the proud eocmy, ftiil bujy wit!i them.

Kn-jllrt't llijicrji!,/ the lurhi.

To Bu'sy. <!/. a. [from the noun.] To em-
ploy ; to engage ; t8 make or keep
bufy.

He in great palTion all this while dM dwell.
Mote lijying bis quick eyes her face tnview,
Thaa bis dull cars to ixar »ha,t /be did tell.

The pleafure which I took at my friend's plea-
fure herein, idly iafted me thus to expicfs tlie
fame. Camu^i Survey.

Be it thy courfc to lufy giddy minds
With foreign quarrels. Sbukeffeare.

While they were btijiej to lay the foumiacions,
their buildings were overthrown by an earthquake,
and many thoufands of the Jews were overwhelm-
ed. Raleigh.

The points which iu/iej the devotion of the
firft ages, and the curlofity of the latter.

Decay o/Ple/y.

The ideas it is bujted thoutf /hould be natural and
congenial ones, which it had in itfelf. Locke.

The learning and difputcs of the fchools have
been much iu/ied about genus and fpecies. Loch.

For the reft, it muft be owned, he docs not
bufy himfelf by entering deep into any party, but
rather fpends his time in a^s of hofpitality. Siuift.

Ew'sYBODY. n. /. [from iujy and l>ody.'\
A vain, meddling, fantaftical perfon.

Going from houfe to h'?ufe, tatlers and bufybo-
diet ire the canker and ruft of idlenefs, as idlenefs
is the ruft of time. Taykr,

Bujyhodies and intermeddlers are a dangerous
fort of people to have to do withal. VEftrangt.

She is well acquainted with all the favourite
fervants, bujybtdies, dependants, and poor relations,
of all perfons of condition in the whole town.

Sf!B.itor.

BUT. conjuna. [bute, butan, Saxon.]

1. Except.

An emifllon of Immateriate virtues we are a
little doubtful to propound, it is fo prodigious; but
that it is fo conftantly avouched by many. Bacon,

Who can it be, ye gods ! but perjur'd Lycoa ?
Who can infpire fuch ftorms of rage, but Lycon ?
Where has my fword left one fo black, but Lyson ?

Smith.

Your poem hath been printed, and we have no
objefliun but the obfcurity of leveral padages,
by our ignorance in faOs and peifons. Siuift,

2. Except that ; unlefs ; had it not been
that: in this fenfe we now vmit but that.
See fenfe 11.

And but infirmity.
Which waits upon worn times, hath fomcthing

fciz'd
His wifli'd ability, he had himfelf
The lands and waters meafur'd. Shaiefpeare.

3. Yet ; neverthelefs. It fomctimes only
enforces ^w.

Then let him fpeak, Ind any that fliail ftand
without (hail hear his voice plainly; but yet made
extreme (harp and exile, like the voice of puppets:
and yet the articulate founds of the words will
not be confounded. Bacon,

Our wants ar« many, and grievous to be born,
lat qilitc of another kind. Stuift.

4. The particle which introduces the minor
of a fyllogifm ; now.

If thnre be a liberty and poUibility for a man

to kill himfelf to-day, then it is not abfohitcly

necelTary that he (lull live till to-morrow; but

there is fuch a liberty, therefore no futh necclTiry.

Bramhr.ll i^gjinfi Ilcibei.

Godwin one time or another male; a difference
between the good and the evil. But there is lltil •
or no difference made in thi- world ; therefore
there muH be another world, wherein this differ-
ence ihall be made. , H^ailiU I.egick.

5. O.ily ; nothing more than.

If ir.y offence be of fuch mort.il kinj,
T'mt nof my f.TV'ie paft, or prefcnt forr.ws,
Can ranfjrn me into hi, love ;tgain ;
But to kinw fj, njuft be my bcrcfit. Shairffeare.

What nymph foc"cr his voice Itt hears, '
WiU be my rival, though llie have but cars,

Ben ytmjon,

Ko, Aurengjcb", you merit ail my heart.
And Tm too n»'bl/r but to give a part. Dryden.

Did but men condJer the true notion of fiod,
he would appear to be full of g'-K)dBcfs. TiUotJor.

If we do bat put virtue and vice in equal cir-
cumftances, the advantages of eafc and pleafure
will be found to be on the fide of religion. Tillolfin,

The mifchiefs or harms that come by play, in-,
advertency, or ignorance, are not at all, oi'bul
very gently, to be taken notice of.

Locke on Education*

If a reader examines Horace's Art of Poetry,
he will find but very few precepts In it, which he
may not meet with in .^riftotle. Md'joit.

Prcpar'd I ftand : he was but born to try
The lot of man, to fufier and to die. Pope,

6. Than. I

The full moon was no fooner up, and Ihining
in all its brightnefs, but he opened the gate of
Paradife. Guardian,

7. But that; without this confequence
that.

Frofts that conftraii^ the ground
Do feldom their ufurping power withdraw.
But raging floods purfue their bafty hand. DryJeit,

8. Otherwife than that.

It cannot be but nature hath fome direftor, ef
infinite power, to guide her in all her wayy. Hooker.

Who (hall believe, 4

But you mifufe the reverence of your place ? Sbskt

9. Not more than ; even.

A genius fo elevated and unconfined as Mr.
Cowley's, was but neceffary to make Pindar fpeak
Englilh. Diyden.

Beroc but now I left ; whom, pin'd with pain,
Kcr age and anguiih from tfaefe rites detain. DryJ.

It is evident, in the inftance 1 gave but now,
the confcioufnefs went along. Locke.

10. By any other means than.

Out of that will I caufc thofe of Cyprus t»
mutiny : whofe qualification (hall come into no
true tarte again, but by tranfplanting of PafTio.

Sbakefpearr.

11. If it were not for this; that; if it
were not that. Obfo'ete.

Believe me, I had rather have loil my pnrfe
Full of cruzades. And, but my noble Moor
Is true of mind, and made of no fuch baliuicfs
As jealous creatures are, it were onough
To put him to ill-thinking. ShaheJpc^rCt

I here do give thee that with all my heart,
Which, but thou haft already, with all my heart
I would keep from thee. Shakefpeare.

1 2'. However ; howbeit : a word of inde-
terminate connexion.

1 do not doubt but i have been to blame;
But, to putfue the end for which I came.
Unite your fubjef5ts firft, then let us go
And pour their common ra; e upon the foe. Drye(.

13. It is ufed after no doubt, no quijlion,
and fuch words, and figiiifies tlie fame
with that. It fometiraes is joined with
that.

They made no account, hut''tbat the navy (hould
be abfolutely mafter of the leas. Bacon.

1 fancied to myfcif a kind of eafe in the change
of the paroxyfjn; never fufpe£ting but that the
humour would have wafted itfelf. Dryden.

There is so queftion lut tlie king of Spain will
refi'im in»ft of the abulcs. yiddifoa.

14. That. This feeqis no proper fenfe ix}.
this place.

It is not theicfore impofTible tut I may aitojf
th: cimplcxionof iry play, to reftare aiyfclf intj
the J! )od graces of my fair criticks. Dryden.

15. Otherwife than. Obfolete.

I ftiould fin
To think but noUy of my grar .'.mo'Scr. Shakcfp,

16. A particle by whix;h the meaning of
the foregoing fentence is bounded or
reftrained • only.

Thus fijjh s Ulylfsi., thus his fame extends;;
A formidable man, but to his friends. Dryr'eiim

ly. A particle of obje£lion ; yet it may
be objected : it has fomecimes jet with
it.

lis Mm

BUT

Bui yH, Madam—
I do not like hut yii ; it docs ailay
Tb« good precedence; fie upon but jct!
Butjit is n a iaylour, to bring forth
S^me monnious malefactor. Shaheffca't.

Mud the heart then have been formed and
Conllituted, before the blood was in being } But
here again, the fubftance of the heart itfell' u m>'ft
certainly made and nourilhed by the blood, wliii h
^s c invcycd to it by the coronary arteries, Bf'ni'ey.

18. But for; without ; had not this been.

Raih man, forbear ! hut for fooac unbelief.
My joy had been as fatal as my grief. fValter,

Her head was bare.
But for her native ornament of hair,
Which in i fimple knot was tied above. Dryden.

When the fair boy receiv'd the gift of right.
And, hut fir mifchief,you had died forfpite. Dryd-

BUT. n.f. \bout, French.] A boundary.

Stfty if I aflc you what I mean by tliac word,
you will aafwer, I mean this or that tiling, you
■ cannot tell which; but if I j )in it with the words
in conllruAion and fenfe, as, but I will not, a hut
of wine, hut and boundary, the ram will but^
ftoot at hut, the meaning of it will be as ready to
you as any other word. Holder,

But. n./. [In fea language.] The end
of any plank which joins to another on
the outfide of a (hip, under water.

Harris.

BuT-ENO. n.f. [from hat and^»</.] The
blunt end of any thing ; the end upon
which it relh.

The refcrve of foot gilled their foot with feveral
vollies, and then fell on them with the hut-tndi of
their muf<]ueis. Clarsnd':n,

'Ihy weapon wns a good one when I wielded it,
but the hut-end remains in my hands. ' Arbuthnot.

Some of the foldiers accordingly puihcd them
forwards, with the hut-endt of their pikes, into my
reach. Stv'tft,

BUTCHER. ^. /. [hottcher, Fr.]

1. One that kills animals to fell tltcir
flclh.

The Aephcrd and the butchtr both may look
upon one /heep with pleafing conceits. Sidney,
Hence he learnt the butcher i guile.
How to cut your throat, and fmile^
Like a butcher doom'd for life
In his mouth to wear his knife. Stvift.

2. One th.-ic is delighted with blood.

Honour and renown are bcdowed on con<]ue-
rots, who, for the nuft part, are but the great
butchert of mankind. Lock':.

To Bu'tcher. t>. o, [from the noun.]
To kill ; to murder.

In fuftering thus thy brother to be flaughtcr'd,
Thou fliew'ft the r.ikcd pathway to thy life,
Teaching Hern murder how to butcher theo. Shcik,

ITncharital'iy with me hive you dealt.
And ihamefulty by you my hopes ate butcher" d.

Shakeffeare,

The poifcn iind the dagger are at hand to

huicbcr a hero, when the poet wants brains to favr

him. Dr^der..

Bu'tCHERS - BROOM, Or Eneeholly.

n.f. [rufcMs, Lat.]

The roots are fomctimcs uieJ in medicine, and
the green fhoots arc cut .'nd bound into bundles,
and fold to the butchers, who uii; it as beC^ms to
fw:ep their blocks ; fronv whence it bad the name
of hutihtrt-hrjon:, M'llkr.

Bv'tcheklin'ESS. n.f. [hoin butcherly .'\
A brutal, cruel, favage, butclierly man-
ner.

Bu'tcherly. aJJ. [from lutfher.'] Cruel ;'
bloody ; grofsly and clumfily barbarous.

Tliere it a way which, brought into fch .ols,
would take away this butcherly fear in majcing ot
Latin. yifcbam.

What ftratjgems, how fell, how hatcher/y,
Ih.t deadly quarrel daily doth beget ! Siair/jfi.

BUT

B o' r c H E R V . w. / [from iutcler.]

1. The trade of a butcher.

Yet this man, fo ignorant in modern lutchery,
has cut up half an hundred heroes, and quartered
five or fix mifctable lovers, in every trageJy he
has written. Pojte.

2. Murder; cruelty; flauehter.

If thou delight to vie* thy heinoDJ deeds,
Behold this patron of thy butcheries. Shakeffeare.

The butchery, and the breach of hofpitality, is
rep:efentcd in this fable under the malk of friend-
fliip. UEJlrange.

Can he a fon to foft remorfe incite,
Whom gaols, and blood, and butchery delight ?

Drydcr.

3. The place where anim.ils are killed ;
where blood is flied.

There is no place, this houfe is but a butchery ;
Abhor it, fear it, do not enter it. Shakcjfeari.

BU'TLER. n.f [bouleilkr, Fr. ioteler, or
- bcliller, old Englifh, from botlle ; he
that is employed in the care of bottling
liquors.] A fervant in a family em-
ployed i n furniftiing the table.
Butlers forget to bring up their beer time enough.

Sivif:.

Bu'tlerage. «. / [from butler.'] The
duty upon wines imported, claimed by
the king's butler.

Thofe ordinary finances are cafual or uncertain,
as be the efcheacs, the culloms, bullerage, and
impoft. '^ Bctccn.

Bu'tlership. n.f. [from ^a//^r.] The
office of a butler.

Bu'tment. n.f. [aboutement, Fr.] That
part of the arch which joins it to the
upright pier.

The fupporters or hutments of the faid arch can-
not fuffer fo mich violence, as in the precedent flat
pofture. fPoffon.

Bi;'tshaft. n.f. [from but a.nd fbaft.]
An arrow.

The blind boy's iutjhafl. Shakefpure.

BUTT, n.f [but, Fr.]

1 . The place on which the mark to be (hot
at is placed.

He calls on Bacchus and propounds the prize ;
The groom his fellow groom at buttt defies.
And bends bis bow, arid levels with his eyes.

Drydcv.

2. The point at which the endeavour is
direfted.

Be not afraid though you do fee me weapon'd j
Here it my journey's end, here is ray h-^ti.
The very fca-mark of my journey's end, Shakefp.

3. The objeft of aim ; the thing againd
which any attack is dircftcd.

The papifts were the molt common-place, and
the ifuft againU whom ail the arrows were dircfted.

Clarenditi .

4. A man upon whom the company
break their jells.

I played a fentcnce or two at my butt, which
I thought very fmart, when my ill genius fug-
gefted to him fuch a reply as got all the laughter
on his fide. SfefJatur.

5. A blow given by a horned animal.

6. A ftroke given in fencing.

If difputcs arife
Among the champions for the prize;
To prove who gave the fairer butt,
John Acws the chalk on Robert's coat. Prior.

Butt, n.f [burr, Saxon.] A veflTel ;
a barrel containing one hundred and
twenty-fix gallons of wine ; a butt con-
tains one hundred and eight gallons of
beer ; and from fifteen to twenty -two
hundred weight, is a butt of currants.

BUT

I efcaped upon a butt of fack, which the failort
heaved overboard. Shakeffeare.

To Butt. t. a. [batten, Dutch.] To ftrike
with the head.

Come, leave your tears ! a brief farewcl : the beaft
With many beads bum me away. Shakeffeare,
Nor wars are fcen,
Unlefs, upon the green.
Two harmlefi Iambi are balling one the other.

tyottm.

A fnow.white fteer, before thy altar led.

Butts with Lis threatening brows, and bellowinc

(lands. Dryder's Mneia.

A ram will butt with his head thoogb he be

brought up tame, and never faw that manner of

fighting. \ Ray,

BU'TTER. n.f [birctejre, Saxon ; buty-
rum, Lat.]

1. An unftuous fubftance made by agitat-
ing the cream of milk, till the oil fepa-
rates from the whey.

And he took hurtrr and milk, and the calf which
he had drelTed, and fct before them.

Ger.eft, xviii. 8.

2. Butter of antimony. A chymical prepa*
ration, made by uniting the acid fpirits
of fublimate corrofive with regulus of
antimony. It is a great cauftick. Harris.

3. Butter of tin, is made with tin and
fublimate corrofive. This preparatioa
continually emits fumes. Harris,

To Bi;'tter. 'V. a. [from the noun.]

1. To fmear, or oil, with butter.

'Twas her brother, that, in pure kindncfs to his

horfe, buttered his hay. Shakeffeare,

Words butter no parfnips. UEflrange,

2, To increafe the flakes every throw, or
every game : a cant term among game-
fters.

It is a fine fimile in one of Mr. Congreve'j
prologues, which compares a writer to a huiterir.T
gameller, that ftakcs all his winning upon one
call ; fo that if he lofcs the lad throw, he is fure
to be undone. Addifoii,

Bu'tterbump. n.f. A fowl : the fame

with bittern.
Bu'rTERBUR. n.f [petaftes, Lat.] A

plant ufed in medicine, and grows \vi Id

in great plenty by the fides of ditches.

Miller.
Bu'tterflower. n. f a yellow flower,

with which the fields abound in the

month of May.

Let weeds, iaftcad of bulterfiow'rs, appear;
And meads, inllead of daifies, hemlock bear. Gay.

Bu'TTERFLV.»./[btittepple3c, Saxon.]
A beautiful infefl, Co named becaufe it
firft appears in the beginning of the
feafon for butter.

Eftfocns that damfei, by her heav'nly might.
She turn'd into a winged butterfly.
In tlic wide air^o make her wand'ring flight.

Sfenfcr,
Tell old tales, and laugh
At gilded butterflies ; and hear poor rogues
Talk of court news. Shakeffeare,

And fo befcl, that as he caft his eye
Among the colworts on a huttirfly.
He faw falfc Reynard. Dryden,

That which feems to be a powder upon the
wings of a butterfly, is an innumerable company
of extreme fmall feilhers, not to he difcerned
without a micr^-fcope. Grrtu,

Bu'tteris. n.f. An inllrumcnt of fteel

fet in a wooden handle, ufed in paring

the foot, or cutting the hoof, of a horfe.

Farrier's DiSicnary.

Bt;'TT6R-

BUT

Bu'ttermtlk. n. f. [from bttiter and
milk-l The whey that is feparated from
the cream when butter is made.

A young man, fallen into an ulcerous con-
fujnption, devoted hi* felf to huUermMk, by which
fole diet he lecovered. Har'ofy.

The fcuny of mariners is cured by acids, a^
fruiti, lemons, oranges, buttermilk; and alkaline
fpirits hurt them. Arluihrot.

Bd'tterprint. n. /. [from butter and
print.'] A piece of carved wood, ufed to
mark butter.

A I'utiirfnnt, in which were engraven figures
of all forts and fizcs, applied to the lump of but-
ter, left on it the figure. Lockt.

Bu'ttertooth, n.f. [from butter and
totth.\ The great broad foreteeth.

Bu'tter WOMAN, n.f. [from butter and
'woman.] A woman that fells butter.

Tongue, I muft put you into a hulterieomari's
mouth, and buy myfclf another of Bajazet^s mute,
if you prattle me into thefe perils. Hhahfpearc.

Bu'tterwort. n.f. A plant : the fame

vi\x\\/anicU.
Bu'tterv. adj. [from butter.] Having

the appearance or qualities of butter.

Nothing more convertible into liot cholerick
humours than its buttery parts. Uarvey.

The beil oils, thick;'ned by cold, have a white
colour ; and milk itfclf has its whitenefs from the
cafeous fibres, and its buttery oil. Fhjir.

Bu'tterv. n.f. [from butter; or, ac-
cording to Skinner, from bouter, Fr. to
place or lay up.] The room where pro-
viiions are laid up.

Go, firrah, take them to t)K buttery.
And give them friendly welcome every one. Shak.

All that need a cool and freih temper, as cellars,
pantries, and butteries, to the north. ll^otton.

My guts ne'er fuffer'd from a college-cook.
My name ne'er enter'd in a buttery book. Bmmfian.
Bu'ttock. n.f. [fuppofed,by 5i/«n<'r, to
come from aboutir, Fr. ; inferted by
"Junius without etymology.] The rump ;
the part near the tail.

It is like a barber's chair, that fits all bvttKku

Siakejpeare.

Such as were not able to ftay themfelves, lliuuld
be holden up by others of more f^rength, riding
behind fhem upon xhctuiiscks of the horfe. KrclUs.

The tail of a fox was never made for the but-
tofks of an ape. L^F/lrjrtge^t Fables.

BU'TTON. n.f [ioitivn, WelOi ; bouton,
Fr.]

1. A catch, or fmall ball, by which the
drefs of man is faSened.

Pray you, undo this button, Skakefpeare.

1 mention thofe ornaments^ becaufe ot clitr tim-
plicity of the fhape, want of ornaments, ^»/rsffj,
loops, gold and fiiver lace, they muil have been
cheaper than ours. • jirhutlmt.

2. Any knob or ball fadened to a fmaller
body.

"We failened to the rov^'' ceruin wires, and a
iiittett Biyle.

Fair from its humble bed I rear'd this fl^^w'r,
Sackied, and cheer'd v.-ith air, and fun, and fhow'r j
Soft en the paper rutTits leaves 1 fpread,
Bright with the gilded button tipt iu head, P'jfe.

3. The bud of a plant.

Tlw canker galls the infants of th« fpring,
Too eft bi:fore thi;ir luii'.ii be difclos'd. Shakrfp.
Bu'tton. n.f [echinus marinus.] The
fca urchin, which is a kind of crabfifh
that has prickles inftead of feet. Ainfiu.
To Bu'tton. "v. a. [from the noun.]
k To drefs ; to clothe.

Ode wbofe tuid heart i« buUtn'd up with fted.

Sbtikefpettt !.

B U X

He gave his legs, arms, and bread, to his ordi-
nary fervant, to button and drefs him. H^ottcn.

2. To fatten with buttons ; as, he buttons

his coat.
Bu'ttonhole, n.f [from button and

hole.] The loop in which the button of

the clothes is caught.

l.et me take you a buttcnhcle lower. Sbaieff,
I'll plraie the maids of honour, if I can :

Without black velvet breeches, what is man ?

I will my fkill in buttonholes difplay.

And brag, how oft I Ihift me ev'17 day. Eramjlon,

BU'TTRESS. n.f [from aboutir, Fr.]

1. A prop ; a wall built to fupport an-
other wall, and Handing out.

No jutting frize,
Buttrcfs, nor coigne of vantage, but this bird
Hath made his pendant bed, and procreant cradle.

Sbakefpcare.

Fruit trees, fet upon a wall againfl the fun,

between elbows rr buttrejfes of flone, ripen more

than upon a plain wall. Bacon.

But we inhabit a weak city here,
Which buttrejfes and props butfcarcely bear. Dryd.

2. A prop ; a fupport.

It will concern us to examine the force of this
plea, which our adverfarics are Hill fetting up
againil us, as the ground pillar and buttrefs of the
good old caufe of nonconformity. South.

To Bu'ttress. t. a. [from the noun.]

To prop ; to fupport.
Bu'twink. n.f. The name of a bird.

Dia.

Botyr a'ceous. aJj. \hutyrum, Lat. but-
ter.] Having the qualities of butter.

Chyle has the fame principles as milk j a vif-
cldity from the cafeous parts, and an oilinefs from
the butyraceous parts. Floycr.

Bv'tykoms. adj. [huiyriim, Latin.] Hav-
ing the properties of butter.

Its oily red part is from the butyrous parts of
chyle. Flyer.

BU'XOM. adj. [bucj-um. Sax. from bu-
jan, to bend. It originally fignified
obedient ; as John de Trewifa, a clergy-
man, tells his patrcn, that he is obedient
and buxom 10 all his commands. In an
old form of marriage, ufed before the
reformation, the bride promifed to be
obedient and buxom in bed and at hoard;
from which expreffion, not well under-
ftood, its prefent meaning feems to be
derived.]

1. Obedient; obfequious.

He did tread down and difgrace all the Engllfh,

' and fet\ip and countftnance the Iriih ^ thinking

thereby to make them more tractable and buxom

to his government. Spenjer.

He, with broad fails,
Winnow'il the buxom air. Milton.

2. Gay ; lively ; brifk.

I'm born
Again a frelh child of the buxom morn,
■ Heir of the fun's (irft beams. Crapaw.

Zephyr, with Aurora playinf.
As he met her once ii maying,
FiU'd her with thee, a daughter fair,
S<> buxom, blithe, and debonnair. Milton.
S'urdy fwains.
In clean array, for ruKick dance prepave,
Mix: with xhciuxom damfels band in hand, Ph'ilifs.

3. Wanton ; jolly.

Aimig^'y Jove defcends, and pourf
Into his buxom bride his fruitful fhow'rs. DryJin
She frign'd the rites of Bacchus! cry'd aluud,
And to the ^xfar^mgod the virgin vow'd. Drydc-:.

Bu'xoMLY. adv. [from buxum.] Wan-
tonly ; amoroufly.

BUZ

Bux'oMNEss. n.f. [from ^axe«.] Wan-

tonnefs ; amoroufiiefs.
To BUY. f . a. prefer. I bought ; 1 have

bought, [bicjean. Sax.]

1. To purchafe ; to acquire by paying a,
price ; to obtain for money, or fomc-
thing equivalent ; to procure by fale,-
not gift or theft.

They niufl. iijj' up no corn growing within twelve
miles of Gcn;va, that fo the filling of theitona.
gazincs mTiV not prejudice their market. Addifcn,-

2. To procure fome advantage by fome-
thing that deferves it, or at fome price.

I have bought
Golden opinions from all forts or people. Sbakeffr

Pent to linger
But with a grain a day, I would not buy
Their mercy at the price of one fair word. Sbakr
Pleafute with praife, and danger they would bt'y,-
And with a fee that would not only fly. Dcntiim,

3. To regulate by money : in this fenfeit
has particles annexed.

You, and all the kings of Chriflendom,
Are led fo grofsly by this meddling prieft,
Dreading the curie that money may buyout. Shak^

What pitiful things are power, rhetorick, or
riches, when they would terrify, dilTuade, or buy ojf
confcience ! South,

ToBvY. 'v.n. To treat about a purchafe.

I wiil buy with you, fell with you, talk with
you, walk with you, and fo following. Shakejp,

B u y' E R . n.f [from To buj.] He that buys^
a purcLifer.

When a piece of art is fet before us, let the firil
caution be, not to adt who made it, left the fame
of the author do captivate the fancy of the buyer.

}Votto*u

To BUZZ. 'V. n. [bizzen, Teut. to growl.
Junius. ]

1. To hum ; to make a noife like bees-^
flies, or wafps.

And all the chamber filled was with flies.
Which iuxxed all about, and made fuch found.
That they cncumber'd all men's ears. and eyes,
Like many fwarms of bees alTembled round. Sptnf.

Theie be more wafps, that buzx about his nolc,.
Will make this (ling the fooner. Shakejpeare,

For flill the flowers ready fland,
One buz.;^es round about.
One lights, one taftcs, gets in, gets out. JSuckllng.-

What though no bees around your cradle flew,-
Nor on your lips diftill'd their golden dew j
Yet have we oft difcnver'd, in their (lead,
A fwarm of drones that bunx'd about your head.-

Pope,

We join, like files and wafps, in buxxing about
wit. Sivifu*

2. To whifper ; to prate to.

There is fuch confuiion iti my pow'rs.
As, after fome oration fairly fpoke
By a belovc 1 prince, there doth appear
Among the buzx^ing multitude. Stakefpeare,

3. To found heavy and low.

Herewith jrofe a buxzing noil'e among them, aa
if it had been the ruftling found of t^ie fea afar offV

Hayward.

To Bvy.z. -v. a. To whifper ; to fpread-
fecrctly.

Where doth the v.'orld thruft forth a vanity.
That is not (fiickly buxx'd into his ears ? Sink,

I will buzz, -ibioa'i fuch prophecies.
That Edward (hill be fearful of his lifq. StakeJ^-

Did you nof hear
A buzzing of a fcparaiion
Bitwcen the king and Catherine? Slakeffeen-u

Tlicy might buzz and whifper it one to an-
other, and, t.i.itly withdrawing from the prefence
of the api-ftles, they then lilt their voices, and
noife i: about the city. Butley,

Buzz. ;;./ [from the verb.] A hum;, a
whifper : a talk.

The

B Y

The hive of a city or kingdom is in bcft condi-
tion when there ii Icaft mife or iiiKX in it. Bdccn,

Where I I'jund the whoie outward room in a
ii/jja of politicks. MJifon.

Bv'iZARp. tt. /. \bufari, Fr.]

1 . A degenerate or mean fpecies of hawk.

More pity that the cagie Ihould be mawi'd,
While kites and iux.x.ani\ prey at liberty. Sl/ak.

The noble buzzard ever pleas'd me bell ;
Of fmall rcnoNwn, 'tis true : fori not to lye,
We call him but a hawk by courtefy. Diydtti,

2. A blockhead ; a dunce.

Thofe blind tuxxjrtts, who, in late years, of
wilful malicioiifneli, would neither learo them-
fclves, nor could teach others, any thing at all.

jl/cham.

Bu'zzER. ». / [from 6uzz.] A fecret
whifperer.

Her brother is in fecret come from France,
And wants not buzzers to infeft his car
With petulant fpeeches of his father's death.

Staiiffaire.

BY. fref. [bi, bij, Saxon.]
I. It notes the agent.

The Moor is with child iy you, Launcelot.

Sbakffjl>e(Tre^

The grammar of a language is fometimes to be

carefully lludied ty a gruwn man. Locke.

Deatji 's what the guilty fear, the pious crave.

Sought bj the wretch, and vanijuijh'd by the brave.

Garth.

t. It notes the inftrutnent, and is com-
monly ufed after a verb neuter, where
twith would be put after an aftive ; as
he killed her ivith a fword : ihe died
iy a fword.

But hy PcliJes' arms when Heflor fell,
He chofc i^neas, and he chofe as well. Dryden,

^. It notes the caufe of any effeft.

I view, ty no prefumption led.
Your revels of the night. Parnel.

By wvK the foul to daring aAion flcals,
^y woe in plaintlefs patience it excels. Savage*

4.. It notes the means by which any thing
is performed, or obtained.

You muft think, if we give you any thing, we
liope to gain by you. Stakejpeare.

Happier ! had it fuffic'd him to have known
Good iy itfelf, and evil not at all. M'lltcn.

The heart knows that by itfelf, which nothing
ia the world belides can give it any knowledge of.

Siutb.
We obtain tlie knowledge of a multitude of pro-
pofitions by fenfation and reflection.

ffattt^s Lcgicit,

c. Tt ihews the mannsr of an adion.

I have not patience : ihe confumes the time
In idle talk, and owns her falfe beliefs
S:ize her hy force, and bear her hence unheard.

Dryiev.

This fight had more weight with him, as by
good luck not above two of that venerable boHv
were fallen aflccp. AdJiJim

By chance, within a neighbouring brook.
He fjw his branching hjrns, and alcer'd look.

6. It ^las a fignification, noting the me-
thod in which any fucceffivc aflion is
performed with regard to time or quan-
tity.

The beft for you, is to re-examtoe the caufe,
\ and to try it even point by point, argument by ar-
gument, with all the exa^nef:^ you can. Hooker.

We are not to ftay all together, bur to ccime by
him where he Hands, by ones, by twos, and by
threesr - Shakefjtcare.

He calleth them forth by one, and hy one, by
the name, as he pleafeth, though f^ldom the order
k.e invcr'cd. Bacon.

The captains were obii^d to ^xtiSt tliat fiece

B Y

of ordnance, and fo hy pieces to carry it away,
that the enemy fcould not get fo great a (poll.

Kndlei.

Common prudence would direft me to take
them all out, and examine them one Ay one. Boyle.

Others will foon take pattern and encourage-
ment by your building ; and fo houfe hy houfe,
ft. ect by ftrcet, there will at laft be fisilhcd a mag-
nificent city. Sfrail.

Explor'd her limb hy limb, and fear'd to find
So rude a |;ripe had left a livid mark behind.

Dryits.

Thus year by year they pafs, and day hy day.
Till once, 'twas on the morn of cbcarful May,
The young ^Emilia. Dry Jen.

I'll ga«e for ever on thy godlike father,
Tranfplanting one by one into my life
His bright perfeflions, till 1 fliine like him. ./fJJif.

Let the blows be by paufes laid on. Lccke.

7. It notes the quantity had at one time.

Bullion will fell by the ounce for lix diiUings and
five pence undipped money. Locke.

What we take daily hy pounds, is at leaft of as
much importance as what we take feldom, aad
on!y by grains and fpoonfuls. Arbutbtict,

The North hy myriads pours her mighty fons ;
Great nurfc of Goths, of Alans, and of Huns. Pope.

8. At, or in ; noting place : it is now
perhaps only ufed before the words Jia,
or lualer, and land. This feems a rem-
nant of a meaning now little known. By
once expreifed fituation ; a.i hy 'wejl^
we ft ward.

We fee the great effefts of battles by fea ; the
battle of Aftium decided the empire of the world.

Bacon.

Arms, and the man, I fmg ; who, forc'd by fate,
Expell'd and exil'd, left the Trojan fhore ;
Long labours both by fea and land he bore. DryA.

I would have fought by land, where I was
ftronger :
You hindcr'd it : yet, when I fought at fea, |

Forfook me fighting. Dryden.

£y land, by water, they renew their charge. Pope,

9. According to ; noting permiflion.

It is lawful, both by the laws of nature and na-
tions, and by the law divine, which ^ the perfec-
tion of the other two. Bacon's Holy H^ar.

10. According to ; noting proof.

The prefent, or like, fyftcm of the world can-
not poflibly have b^cn eternal, by the firft propofi-
tion i and, without God, it could not naturally,
nor fortuitoudy, emerge out of chaos, hy the thinl
propofition. Bentley,

"ihe faculty, or defire, being infinite, hy the
preceding propofiiion, may contain or receive both
tbefe. Chr.ne.

1 1 . After ; according to j noting imita-
tion or conformity.

The gofpcl gives us fuch laws, as every man,
that uadcrliandi himfelf, would chufe to live by.

Tii/otfon.
In the divifions I have made, I have endea-
voured, the bed I could, to govern myfelf A^ the
diverfity of matter. Lock,.

This Oiip, by good luck, fell info their hands at
\aH, and (erveJ as a model to build others by.

Arhuthvct.

12. From; noting ground of judgment ;
or coinparifon.

Thus, by the mulick, we may know.
When noble wits a hunting go
Through groves that on Parnalfus grow, ff^allcr.

By what he has done, before the war in which
he was engaged, we may expcQ what he ^yiil do
af;»r a peace. Dryden.

The fjn of Hercules he juftly feems.
By his broad ihoulders and gigantic'c limbs. Dryd.

Who 's that ftraiigcr ? By his warlil^c port.
His fierce demean. ur, and er«Aed look.
He 's of no vulgar note. Dryden.

Judge the CTCBt
By wliat has pal's'd* Dryden.

B Y

The pnnilhinent is not to be meafurci] hy the
greatnefs or fmallnefs of the matter, but by the
oppofition it carries, and (lands in, to that reipeft
and fubmifiion that is due to the father. Locke.

By your defcription of the town, I Imagine it
to lie under fame great enchantment. Pope.

By what I have always heard and read, I take
the ilrcngth of a nation Sviifi,

13. It notes the fum of the difFerence be-
tween two things compared.

Meantime (he ^ands provided of a Laios,
More young and vigorous too hy twenty fprings.

Drydnt*

Her brother Rivers,

Ere this, lies Ihorter iy the head at Ponrfret. Rnoe.

By giving the denomination to Icfs quantities of

filver hy one twcntietl), you take from (hem their

due. Luke,

14. It notes co-operation.

By her he had two children at one birth. Shak,

15. For: noting continuance of time. This
fenfe is not now in life.

Ferdinand and Iiabeila recovered the kingdom
of Grenada from the Moors ; having been in fttC
felTton Xhcitxi hy the (pace of fevcn hundred years.

Bacon.

16. As foon as ; not later than ; noting time.

By this, the fons of Conftantine which fled,
Arabrife and Uther, did ripe years attain.

Fairy Sfueext
Heftor, hy the fifth hour of the fun.
Will with a trumpet, 'twixt our tents and Troy,
To-morrow morning call fome knight to arms.

Sbakefpeartt

He err'd not ; for, hy this, the heav'nly bands

Down from a Iky of jafper lighted now

In Paradife. Milton.

Thefe have their courfe to finiAs round the earth

By morrow cv'ning. Milion.

The angelic gua'-ds afcended, mute and fad
For man : for of his ftate by tlijs they knew.

Mitttn.
By that time a fiege is carried on two or three
days, I am altogether loll and bewildered in it.

jiddifon.
Sy this time, the very foundation was removed.

Sviifi.

By the beginning of the fourth century from

the building of Rome, the tribunes proceeded fo

far, as to accufi; and fine the confuls. Stvifu

17. Befide : noting paffage.

Many beautiful places, ftanding along the fea
(horc, make the town appear longer than it is to
thofe that fail hy it. A.!d'ifn.

18. Befide ; near to; in prcfence: noting
proximity of place.

So thou rray'ft fay, the king lies hy a beggar,
if a beggar dwell near him ; or the church ftantjj
hy thy tabour, if thy labour (land by the church.

Sb.ikcjfe<>re»
Here he comes himfelf j
If he be worth any man's good voice.
That good man fit down by him. Ben yonfon.

A fpacious plain, whereon
Were tents of various hue : hy fome were herds
Of cattle graiing. Mllto*.

Stay Iy me ; tliou art refolute and faithful ;
I have employment w >rthy of thy arm. Dryden.

19. Before him/elf, hcrfdf, or themfcl'ues, ie
notes the ablence of all others.

Silting ii fome pl«ce, by himfelf, let him tranf.
late irto Englilh his former IcHjn. ytjchan.

Sniyman rcfolved to alfault the breach, after he
had, by y.mjelfyln a melancholy mood, walked up
and down in his tent. Knlliii Hill, of the Turkt.

I know not whether he will annex his difcourfs
to his appendix, or publilh it hy Ufelf, or at all.

Boyle.

He will imagine, that the king and Ijis minilters
fat down and made them hy ibcmfelves, and then
fent them to their allies to fign. Sivife.

Mare pleas'd to keep it till their friends could
come.
Than c^t (he fueeteil hy llem/eh/es at home. Pope,

ZO. At

B Y

20. At hand.

He kept then ftrae of the ff int ty him, to ve-
rify what he believes. B<.yle.

The merchant is not forccj to keep fo mucli
money by him, as in other places, where they have
not fuch a lupply. Lecke.

ai. It is the folemn form of fwearing.

His godhead i invoke, by liim I Hvear. Vryden.

22. It is ufed in forms of adjuring, or ob-
tefting.

Which, O ! avert ty yon etherial light.
Which I have loft for this eternal night j
Or, if by dearer ties you may be won.
By your dead fire, and by your living fon. Drydin.
Now^ your joys on earth, your hopes in heav'n,
O fpare this great, this good, this aged king !

Dryde-n*
O cruel youth !
By all the pain that wrings my tortur'd foul,
By all the dear tecuitful hopes you gav? me,
O ccafe ! at Icaft once more delude my forrows.

Smith.

zj. It lignifies fpecification and particula-
rity.

Upbraiding heav'n, from whence his lineage
came.
And cruel calls the gods, and cruel thee, by name.

Drydcn.

24. By proxy of: noting fubftitution.

The gods were faij to ftaft with Ethiopians ;
that is, they were prcfent with them by their
llatucs. Brxmc.

25. In the fame dire^on with.

Theyarealfoilriared,or fuiTowed, ^'the length,
and the fides curioufly punched, or pricked. Crew.
Bv. adv.

1 . Near ; at a fmall dillance.

And In it lies the god of Heep ;

And, fnorting by.

We may defcry
The monfters of the deep. Drjden.

2. Befide ; pafiing.

I did heir
The galloping of horfe. Who was 't came by f

3. In prcfencc.

'ff'

Sbttktfftare.

The fame words in my lady Phiioclea's mouth,
Ai from one woman to another, fo as there was no
other body by, might have had a better grace.

Sidney.
rU not be by the while ; my liege, farewel :
What will become hereof, there 's none can telL

Shakefpcare.
There while I fing, if gentle youth be by.
That tunei my lute, and wmds the llrings fo high.

PrisV-ers anJ witnclTes were waiting by;
Tacie bad been taught to fwear, and thofe to die.

Rtj'ccmman.

You have put a principle into him, which w ill
influence his actions when you are not ly, Locke.

By and Br. In a ihort time.

He overtook Amphialus, who had been (laid
beie, and by and by called him to fight with him.

Sidsey.

The noble kniglit alighted by and by
From lufty fteed, and bad the la^iy fUy,
To fee wha: e.id of fight ihould him befall that
'by. Sfcrjcr.

la the temple, by ar.d by, with us,
Thefe couplci fhall eternally be knit. Sbaieffcarc,

O how this fpring of love refcmbleih
THe uncertain tiiory cf nn April day 5
Which now Ihcwi -Ik the beauty of the fon,
And by and by a cloud takes all away. Staie/f.

Now a fcniibie man, by end by a fool, and prc-
fently a bea:l. Slrritfieart's 0:ht!h.

Br. n./. [from the prepolKion.] Some-
thing not the direct and immediate ub-
jcft of regard.

In thit ir.llance, there is, upon the ^, to be
ncceJ, the petcolaueo^oi the verjuice (hruugb ix
wood.- £ai:.r..

B Y

This wolf was forced to make bold, evir and
anon, v\'ith a flieep in private, by the by.

L' EJlrange,

Hence we may underftand, to add that upon

the/yj, that it is nrt necc^ary. Foyte.

S*, while my iov*d revenge is full and iiigh,
I'll give you back your kingdom by the ly.

Dryden.

By, in compofition, implies fomething out
of the direft way, and conlequently
fome obfcurity, as a by-road; fomething
irregular, as a by-end ; or fomething
coHateral, as a bj-concernment ; or pri-
vate, as a by-laiu. This compofition is
ufed at pleafure, and will be underllood
by the examples follovving.

Br-coFFEEHOusE. n.f, A coffee-houfe
in an obfcure place.

I afterwards entered a hy-ctffetboufe, that ftood
at the upper end of a narroNV lane, where I met
with a nonjuror. Addifon.

Br-coNCERNMENT. ».yr An affair which
is not the main bufinefs.

Our plays, befides the main dcfign, have under-
plots, or by-ccm-emmentt, or Id's coiiiiderable per-
fons and intrigues, which are carried on with the
motion of the main plot. Drydcn.

Br-DEPENDENCE. >!,/. An appendage ;
fomething accidentally depending on
another.

Thefe,
And your three motives to the battle, with
J know not how much more, /huuld be demanded ;
And all the other by-defcndcmiit.
From chance to chance. Stuiifjcare.

By-DESioN. n./. An incidental purpofe.
And if (he mifs the moufe-trap lines.
They'll ferve for other by-dtjigni.
And make an attill underftund
To copy out her feal or hand ;
Or find void places in the paper.
To Ileal in fomething to entrap her. Hodibras.

By-end. n. /. Private interell ; fecret
advantage.

All peop e that worrtiip for fear, profit, or fome
other by-ind, fall within the intendment of this
fable. L'Efirangc.

Br-coNE. adj. [a Scotch word.] Paft.

Tell him, you're fufe
All in Bohemia 's well : this fatisfaiiion
The by-gone day proclaim'd, Shaiefpeare.

As we have a conceit of motion coming, as well
as by-gcne; fo have we of time, which depcndcth
thereupon. Gre'w.

Br-iNTEREST. w.y; Interell dilUnft from
that of the publicic.

Various factions and parties, all aiming at hy-
intertjl, witliout any finccrc regard to the public
good. Atltrhury.

Br-LAW. n.f.

By-la-wi are orders made in court-Ieets, or
court-barons, by common alfent, for the good of
thofe that make them, farther than the publick
law binds. Cncell.

There was alfo a law, to reilrain the if /awj
and ordinances of corporations. Baccn.

In the beginning of this record is iitfcrted the
law or inftitution ; to which are added two by-
laws, as a comment upo;i the general law.

jidJifon.

By-mattek. n.f. Something incidental.

I krcw one that, whrn he wrote a letter, wouid
put that which was moii mate ial into the poft-

fcrpt, as if it had been a /jr-»/j»rr. Baan.

Br-NAME. n.f. A nicli-name ; name of
reproach, or accidental appellation.

K >b. ■ t, t.tl' it ion to tlie Conquf rour, uted (horr
h^fe, add thereupon was by-named Court-hole,
and fhowcd lirit cheufcof them to tlieSnglifn.

Camden.

B T

By-past, ad/.' Paft : a term of the Scotch-
dialed.

Wars, peftilences, and difeafes, hive not been
fewer for thefe three hundred years by-paji, than,
ev^r they had been lince we have had records,

Cbeyne^

By-path. n. f. A private or obfcurr
path.

Heav'n knows, my fon.
By what bf-fatks, and indirect crook'd ways,
1 got this crown. Shakifieitrer

Br-RESPECT. n.y; Private end or view.

It may be that Ibme, upon by-r!fpecf:,i\nd Come-
what friendly ufage in ufancc, at fome cf thei»
hands. Cartnv.-

1 he archbifhops and bilhops, next under the'
kin;, have the government of the church : be not
you the mean to prefer any to thoie places, for
any by-rcffells, but only for their learning, gravity,
and worth. Bjcon.

Auguftus, who was not altogether fo good as h«
was wife, had fome by-rrjfta: in the enafting of
tliis law; for to do any thing for nothing, was
not his maxim. Drydcn.

By-road. n.f. An obfcure unfrequented-
path.

Through (lipp'ry by-rnads, dark and deep,
They often climb, and often creep. Sivift^

Br-ROOM. n. f. A private room within-
another.

1 pr'ythee, do thou Hand in fome by-room, while
1 queftion my puny drawer to what end he gave
the fugar. Shakeffeare.

Br-s?EECH. n.f. An incidental or ca-
fual fpeech, not direftly relating to the
point.

When they conie to allege what word and what
law they meant, their common ordinary priflice 13
to quote by-fpeecha, in fome hiftorieal narration-
orothcr,and to ule them as if they were written in
mod exaft form of law. Hooker.

Br-sTANDER. n.f. A looker on; one
unconcerned.

She broke her feathers, and, falling to the
ground, was taken up by the by-JianJcrs.

h'EJhartgi.

The by-flandfri aikcd him, why he ran away^-
his bread being weight ? Locke.'

By-street. n.f. An obfcure ftreet.

The broker here his fpacious benver wears,-
Upon his brow fit jealoulies and cares;
Bent on fome mortgage, to avoid reproach.
He feeks by-JIreets, and faves th' expenfive coacb.-

Gay.

By-view. n.f. Private felf-interefted pur-
pofe.

No by-v'mDi of his own Ihall miflcad him.

^tterbury.-

By-walk. »._/; A private walk ; not tho^
main road.

H-2 moves afterwards in Ly-iualks, or under-
plot;., as divcrfions to the main defign, left it
fhould grow tedious j though they are ftill natu-
rally joined. Drydcn.

The chief avenue ought to be the moft ample
and noblcj but there fiiould be by-iva/ts, to retire'
into fomctimcs, for eaic and refrclhnicnt. Broome.-

Br-WAY. ». f. A private and obfcure
way.

Night ftcalths arc commonly drivcnin by-ivays^^
and by blind fords, unufed of any but luch like.

Spenjcr on JreJand.-
Other /^-wa)-r he himiclf b<-to )k.
Where never foot ot living wight diJ tread.

Sfen/er^
Wholly abflain, or wed : thy bounteous Lord

Allows thee choice of paths ; take no by-ivays,-
But giudly welcume what he doth afford j

Not grudging tliat thy luft hath bounds and

flays. Herbert..

A fcivant, or a favourite, if Ik be in want, and

no

B y

B Y

B Y Z

Ito other ipparrnt ouk of eftcrmi It commonly
thought but a ly-vay to dofc corruption, Bacm.
This is wonderfully diierting to theunderthlnd-
Ing, thus to receive a precept, as it were, through
a ij-ivay, and to apprehend an idea that drawi a
whole train ar'ter it. ^ddif<m,

Bv-WEST. tt. /. Weftward; to the weft
of.

Whereupon grew that bjr-word, ufed by the
Irifti, that they dwelt bj-ivcft the law, which
dwelt beyond the river of the Barrow.

David n Ireland,

By-woRo, n. /, A faying j % proverb.

iiafhful Henry be d«pos'd j whofe cowardice
Hath made us by-tvordi to our enemies. Sbakejp,

I knew a wife m.in, that had it for a ty-tacrj,
when he faw mon hal^n to a condufion. Stay a
little, that we may make an end the fooner. Bacon,

Wc are become a by-ivvd among the nations
for our ridiculous feuds and animofities. Addijon,

It will be his lot often to look fingular, in
loofe and licentious times, and tu become a by-
'M:id and a reproach among the men of wit and
pkafure, Anirbury.

By'aii. «./ SeeBiAi.

Every inordinate luft is a falfe hyaft apon men't
underftandings, which naturally draws towards a-
thcilm. , Tiikt/nn,

Bye, or Bee, come immediately from the
Saxon by, bpnj, i. c. a dwelling.

By'zantine. See Bizantikb. Bj'
xantim is the true orthography.

c.

CAB

CThe third letter of the alphabet,
has two founds ; one like A, as
7 call, clod, craft, coal, companion,
(unciform ; the other as i, as Crefar, cef
fation, cinder. It founds like k before a,
o, tt, or a confonant ; and like s before
e, i, and y.
Cab. ». /. [ap] A Hebrew meafure,
containing about three pints Englilh,
or the eighteenth part of the ephah.
CABA'L. /;./ \cahale, Fr. nVap, tradi-
tion.] _ ^

1. The fecret fcience of the Hebrew rab-
bins.

2. A body of men united in fome clofe
defign. A cabal differs from a party, as

fenu from many.

She often intcrpofed her royal authority, to
break the cahah which were forming againft her
firft minivers. Addifin.

3. Intrigue ; fomething lefs than confpi-
racy.

When each, by curs'd raij/i of women, drove
To draw th' indulgent king to partial love. Dryd.
Tff Caba'l. i;. //. \^cabaler,Ft.'\ To form
clofe intrigues; to intrigue; to unite
in fmall parties.
His miurnful friends, fummon'd to take their
leaves,
fin throngV abjut his couch, and fit in council :
What rhofe cabaU'wg captains may defign,
I mid pievent, by being firft in adion. Dnden.
Ca'bai.ist. h. f. [from caSal.] One
Ikilled in the traditions of the Hebrews.

Then Jove thus fpake : with care and pain
We foim'd this name, renown 'd in rhimc.

Not thine, immortal Neufgermain I
Coft ftudioui caha/ijls m -re time. Sittlft.

Caballi'stical. 7 fl<^. [from cabal.]
Caballi'stick. J Something that has
an occult meaning.

The letters arc caialliflieal, and carry more !n
them than it is prof cr for the world to be acquaj nt-
(<l with. jtlddifcn.

CAB

He taught him to repeat two cabaliijikk words,
in pronouncing of which the whole fecret confifted.

SpeHator.

Caba'ller. n.f. [from cabal.] He that
engages with others in clofe defigns ; an
intriguer.

Factious and rich, bold at the council board ;
But, cautious in the field, he (hunn'd the fword ;
A clofe cabailer, and tongue-valiant lord. Drydert.

Ca'balline. a<^'. [faW//aK/, Lat.] Be-
longing to a horfe ; as, caballine aloes,
or horfe aloes.

CA'BARET. n.f [French.] A tavern.

Suppofe this fer\-ant, palling by fome cabaret
or tennis-court where his comraJes were drinking
or playing, ihould ftay with them, and drink or
play awav his money. Bramhall againji Hobbts,

CA'BBAGE. n.f [cabus, Fr. braj^ca,
Lat.] A plant.

The leaves arc large, flefliy, and of a glaucous
colour i the flowers confift of four leaves, which
are fuccecded by long taper pods, containing feve-
ral round acrid feeds. The fpccies are, raWa^r. Sa-
voy cabbtige, Bruccoli. The caulijipzver. The mufk
cabbage. Branching tree cabiagc, from the fca-
coaft. Colnvcrt. Perennial Alpine (o/nccrf. Per-
foliatcd wild cabbage. Sec. Miiler.

Cole cabbage, and coleworts, are foft and demul-
cent, without any acidity; the jelly or juice of
red cabbage, baked in an oven, and mixed with
honey, is an excellent perioral, yirbutb. cnjJl.r..

ToCa'bbage. <i/. n. To form ahead;

as, the plants begin to cabbage.
?"o Ca'bSage. t;. a. [a cant word among

taylors.] To Heal in cutting clothes.

Your taylor, inftcad of threads, cabbagei whole
yards of cloth. ^rbuilmt.

Ca'bbage tree.b./ a fpecies of/a/»»-
tree.

It is very common in the Caribbec idands,
where it grbws to a prodigious height. The leaves
of this tree envelope each other, fo that thofe whi' h
are inclofcd, being deprived of the air, are blanch-
ed; which is the part the inhabitants cut for plaits
for hats, and the young dioots are pickled : but
wlicnever tliis part is cut out, the trees arc dc-

CAB

ftroyed ; nor do they rife again from the old roots |
fo that there are very few trees left remaining near
plantations. Miller,

Ca'bbage-^^orm. B.y; An infefl.
CA'BIN. n.f [cabane, Fr. cbabin, Wellh,
a cotuge.]

1. A fmall room.

So long in fecret cabin there he held

Her captive to his fenfual defire.
Till that with timely fruit her belly fwell'd.

And bore a boy unto a favage fire. Spenfer,

2. A fmall chamber in a (hip.

Give thanks you have lived fo long, and make
yourfelf ready, in your cabin, for the mifchancc of
the hour, if it fo happen. Sbakffpcare,

Men may not expert the ufe of many cabins,
and fafety at once, in the fca fervice. Ra/eigb,

The chefsboard, we fay, is in the fame place it
was, if it remain in the fame part of the cabin,
though the fhip fails all the wliile. Lecke,

3. A cottage, or fmall houfe.

Come from marble bow'rs, many times the gay

harbour of anguiih.

Unto a filly cabin, though weak, yet ftronger agginfl

woes. • Sidney,

Neither fhould that odious cuftom be allowed,

of flaying off the green furface of the ground, to

cover their cabins, or mak.*^ up their dirches. Swift,.

4. A tent, or temporary habitation.

Some of green b-nighs their (icndcr cabins frame.
Some lodged were Tortnfa's flreirts about. Fairfax,

To Ca'bik. f. ff. [from the noun.] To
live in a cabin.

I'll make you feed on berries and on roots,
And feed on curds and whey, and fuck the goat.
And cabin in a cave. Siakefpeeri,

ToCa'bin. v. a. To confine in a cabin.

Fleance is 'fcap'd ; I had elle been perfeQ,
As broad and general as the cafing air;
But now Vm cabin'd, cribb'd, confinM, bound in.
To faucy doubts and fear. Staiefpeare,

Ca'bined. aJ/'. [from cabin.] Belonging
to a cabin.

The nice mom, on the Indian ftecp.
From her cabin'd loophole peep. Milun,

CABINET, n.f [cabinet, Fr.]
I . A dofet ; a fmall room.

At

C A C

- At botTi come'^f the farther fide, let there be
two delicate or rich cabinets, daintily pared, richly
hanged, glazed with cryftalline glaft, and a rich
cupola in the midft, and all Khei elegancy that
may be thought on. Bacon.

Z. A hut or fmall uoufe.

Hearken awhile in thy green tah'iret.

The laurel fong of careful Colinct. Sptnfer,

3. A private room in which confultations
are held.

You began In the cabinet what yoa afterwarih
pradlifed in the camp. Drydeti.

4. A fet of bores or drawers for cnriofi-
ties ; a private box.

Who fee^ a foul in fuch a body fet,
Might love the treafure iot the cahiiui . BcnyoKfoii.
In vain the worlcman ihew'd his wit.
With rings and hinges counterfeit.
To make it feem, in this difguife,
A cabinet to vulgar eyes. Stvift,

5. Any place in which things of value are
hidden.

Thy bread hath ever been the cabinet.
Where 1 have locked nny fccrets. Dcvham,

We cannot dtfcourfe of the fecret, but by de-
fcribiog our duty j but fo much duty mnft needs
open a cabinet of myrtcrics. tailor,

Ca'einet-council. n.f.
I. A council held in a private manner,
with unufual privacy and confidence.

The doftrine of Italy, and practice of France,
in fome kings times, hath introduced ctbina-
councih. Bacon.

t. A feleil number of privy counfellors
foppofed to be particularly trulled.

From the highcft to the lowed it is univerfally
read ; from the cabinet -amncil to the nurfery.

Gay to S'Ufiff,
Ca'binet-maker. n. /. [from cabinet
and maie.] One that makes imaU nice
drawers or boxes.

The root of an old white thorn will mike very
fine boxes and combs; fo that they would be of
great ufe for the cabinet-makeri, as well as the
turners and others. Mortimi-r.

Ca'bi.e. n,/. [cabj, Welfh ; cahel, Dutch.]
The great rope of a fliip to which the
anchor is faHened.

What though the maft be now blown overboard.
The cable broke, the holding anchor loit.
And half our Tailors fwallow'd in the'flood.
Vet lives qpr pilot ftill * Shakejftare.

The length of the caUi is the life of the ihip in
all excremitics \ and the reafon is, bcciule it nukes
fo many beodings and waves, as the /hip, riding
at that length, is not able to ftretch it ; and no-
thing breaks tlut is not ftretched. KaUigb.

The cabia crack ; the failors fearful cries
Afcendj and fable night involves the flcies. Dr^d.

-Ca'burns. ». f. Small ropes ufed in
ftips. Did.

Ca'cao. See Chocolate nut.

Cache'ctical. ) ai/>. [from cachexy.^

Cache'ctick. \ Having an ill habit
of body ; (hewing an ill habit.

Young and florid bl'jud, racher than vapid and
tad iHkal. ArbMbnet on A r.

The crude chyle (wims inthebiood, and .ifpt.'ars, 1
as milk in the blood, of fome perfons who aie la-
ihiBic. Filler.

CACHF/XY. «./, [xaxAict.-] A general
word to exprefs a great variety oi' fymp-
toms : moft commonly it denotes Ibch a
dillemperature of the humours, as hin-
ders nutrition, and weakens the vital
and aoiroa) fundli&ns ; proceeding from
weaknefs of the fibres, and an abufe ot
the non-naturals, and oticn from fevere
acute dift'.mpers. Arhuibnot mi Diet.

Vol. I.

CAD

Cachinna'tion. ». f. \_cachinnatio,
Lat.] A loud laughter. Diil.

Ca'ckerel. n. /. a fi(h, faid to make
thofe who eat it laxative.

To CA'CKLE. 'V. n. \kaeckelen, Dutch.]

I. To make a noife as a goofe.

The nightingale, if flie ihould fing by day.
When every goofe is cackling, would be thought
No better a mufician than the wren. Shakejfeare.

Or rob the Roman geefe of all their glories.
And lave the ftate, by cackling to the tories. Psfe.

z. Sometimes it is ufed for the noife of a
hen.

The trembling widow, and her daughters twain.
This woeful cackling cry with honour heard
Of thofe diftrafled dam Ws in the yard. Diyden.

3. To laugh; to giggle.

Nlc grinned, cackled, and laughed, till he was
like to kill himfelf, and fell a frilking and dancing
about the room. Arbuthmt,

Ca'ckle. n.f. [from the verb.]

1. The voice of a goofe or fowl.

Tlie filver goofe bcloie the Ihining gate
There flew, and by her r«W<fav'd thClUte. Dryd.

2. To talk idly.

Ca'ckle R. ti. /. \fTom cackle.^

1 . A fowl that cackles.

2. A telltale ; a tatler.

Cacoch y'mical. J «i^'. [from cacochy-
Cacochv'mick. 5 "y-l Having the
humours corrupted.

It will prove very advantageous, if only caco-
thytnick, to clarify his blood with a laxative.

Harvey on Cnjumftions.
If the body be eacechyrnical, the tumours are apt
to degenerate into very venomous and malignant
abfcefles, IViJeinan.

The ancient writers diftinguifhed putrid fevers,
by putrefaftion of blood, choif r, melancholy, and
phlegm j and this is to be explained by an e/Ter-
vefcence happening in a particular cacocbymical
bloQd. FUyer on the Humours.

CACOCHY'MY. «. / [xaxoxt^^ia.] A
depravation of the humours from a found
ftate, to what the pbyficians call by a
general name of a cacochymy. Spots, and
difcolorations of the ftin, are figns of
weak fibres ; for the lateral veflels,
which lie out of the road of circulation,
let grofs humours pafs, which could not,
if the vttfels had their due degree of
ftridlure. Arbuthnot on Aliments.

Strong beer, a liquor that attributes the half of
its ill qualities to the hops, confifting of an acri-
monious liery nature, fets the blood, upoa the leaft
caccch-jmy, into an orgafmus. Harvey.

Caco'phokv. ». /. [xajttfwia.] A bad
found of words.

Thcfe things lliall lie by, till you Qoroc to carp
at them, and alter rhimcs, grammar, triplets, and
cat opboniei of all kinds. J^opc t'j Sivifi,

7« Cacu'mis ATE. 1/. a. [(-«(■</«/«», Iwat.]
To make fliarp or pyramidal. Di^.

CADA'vExous.flrf)'. [cacfevtr, Lat.] Hav-
ing the appearance of a dead carcals ;
hiiving the qualities of a dead earcais.

in vain. do they fcruple to approach the ^ciA,
wbulivingly arc cad.ivertiui, for tear of any outward
pollution, whofc temper pollutes ihemrelvrs.

Bro-wni yiitgar Errcurs.

The urine, long detained in the bladder, as well
asglal<,will grow red, foc6i, cadavrous, and alka-
line. The cafe is the fame with the (^agnant waters
of hydr0pic.1l perfons. Arbufbnur t.tt Alimrnrs.

Ca'ddis. n,/. [This word is ufed in Erie
for the variegated clothes of tlie liigh-
landers.]

CAD

1 . A kind of tape or ribbon.

He hath ribbons of all the colours of the rain-
bow ; inkles, caddifet, cambricks, lawns ; why, he
luigs them over as if they were gods and godde JTes.

Shakejpeare.

2. A kind of worm or grub found in a
cafe of ftraw.

He loves the mayfly, which is bred of the cod-
worm, ot caddis; and thefe make the trout bold
and luily. ffalmn's Angler.

Cade. at^J. [It is deduced, by Sii/iner,
from caiieler, Fr. an old word, which
fignifies to breed up tenderly.] Tamej
foft ; delicate ; as, a cade lamb, a lamb
bred at home.

To Cade. f. a. [from the noun.] To
breed up in foftnefs.

Cade. n.f. [cadus, Lat.] A barrel.

We John Cade, fo termed of our fuppofel
father.^— Or rather of ftealing a cade of her.
rings. Shalrfpeare,

Soon as thy liquor from the narrow cells
Of clofe prefs'd hulks is freed, thou muft refrain
Thy thirlly foul ; let none perfuadc to broach
Thy thick, unwholefome, undigefted cades. Philips^

Cade- WORM. «./ The fame with caddis.

Ca;dence.7 [cadence, Vr.}

Ca dency. J •' *• -'

1 . Fall ; ftate of finking ; decline.

Now was tlie fun in weftern cadence low
From noon ; and gentle airs, dxic at their hours.
To fan the earth, now vvak'd. Milton,

2. The fall of the voice ; fometimes the
general modulation of the voice.

The Hiding, in the clofe or cadence, hath an

agreement with the figure in rhetorick, which they

call prater expeifatumj for there is a plcafure even

in being deceived. Bacon.

There be words not made with lung^,

Sententious /h.ow'rs I O let them fall !

Their cadence is rhetorical. Crajh^w*

3. The flow of verfes, or periods.

The words, the verlification, and all the other
elegancies of found, as cadences, and turns of words
upon the thought, perform exai5lly the fame office
both in dramatick and cpick poetry. Dryden.

The ctidcncy of one line mull be a rule to that
of tlie next; as the found of the former muft
flids gently into that \vhioh follows, DtyitK.

4. The tone or found.

Hollow rocks retain
The found of bluft'ring winds, which al! nightlong
Had rous'd the fca, now with hoarfe cadence lull
Sea-faring men, o'crwatcli'd. Milion.

He hath a confuted remembrance of words lince
he left the univcrfity ; he hath lolt half their
meaning, and puta them together with no regard,
except to their cadence, Swijit

5. In horfemanftiip.

Cadence is an equal meafure or proportion which
a h irfe obfcrves in all his motions, when he iv
thoroughly managed. Farrier's Dilh

Ca'dent. adj. Icade/ts, Lat.] Falling

down.
Cade't. If. /. [cadef, Fr. pronounced

(Wf. ]

1 . The younger brother,

2. The youngeft brother.

Jofepli was the yuungell of the two^fe, fttj/i
David the eleventh foo, and the cadet of Jelfe.

Brctvn's Vulgcr Krrottrt.

3. A voluntier in the armj', who fervcs in
expeftation of a commiffioa.

Ca'dew. It./. A ftraw worm. See Cad-
dis. Di^.

Ca'dger. n.f. [from cadge, or ca^c, a.
poKter.] A huckller ; one who brings
butter, eggs, and poultry, from tli».
country to market.

i k CJ'DIs.

C A I

CJ'DI. x. /. A magiflrate among tlie
Turks, whofe office ieems nearly to
anfwer to that of a jullice of ]>eace.

Cadi'llack. tt./. A fort of pear.

CJETCUS. tt. r. [Lat] A wind from
the north-eaft.

Now, from the northi
Barras and Cai'uu, and Argcltcs l»ud.
And ThracUs, rend the woods, and leas upturn.

C^sa'rean. See Cesarian.

C^SU'RJ. IK/. [Lat.] A figur-e in poe-
try, by which a tliort fyllable after a
complete foot is made long.

CA'FTJN. n./. [Perfick.] A Perfian or
Turkifh veft or garment.

Cac. n. /. A barrel, or wooden veflel,
containing four or five gallons. Some-
times keg.

CAGE. n./. [^cage, Fr. from ca-vca, Lat.]

1. An inclofurc of twigs or wire, in which
birds are kept.

See whether a cag.- can pleafe a bird ? or whe-
■ ther a dog grow not fiercer with tying ? Suiviy.

He taught me how to Icaow a man in love ; iji
which cage of ru/hes, 1 am Aire you are not a pri-
foner, SbakeJ'peare.

Though flaves, like birds that fing not in a cage.
They loft their genius, and poetick rage j
Homers again and Pindars may be found.
And his great actions with their numbers crown'd.

H'alltr.

And parrots, imitating human tongue,
And tinging birds in lilver cagei hung;
And ev'ry fragrant flow'r, and od'rous green.
Were forted well, with lumps of amber laid between.

Dryden,

A man recurs to our fancy, by remembering
liis garment ; a beall, bird, or hSk, by the cagt,
or court-yard, or cifiem, wherein it was kept.

Watts en the MinJ.

The reafon why fo few marriages aie happy, is,
becaufe young ladies fpend their time in making
nets, not in making c'agti. Sivift.

2. A.place for wild beafts, inclofed with
pallifadoes.

3. A prifon for petty malefaftors.

To Cage. 'v. a. [from the noun.] To in-
dofe in a cage.

He fwoln, and pamper'd with high fare.
Sits down, and fnorcs, cag^d in his balkec-chair.

Dounc.

CJI'MAN. «. /. The American name of

a crocodile.
To CAJO'LE. T. a. [cageoller, Fr.] To
flatter ; to footh ; to coax : a low word.

Thought he, 'tis no mean part of civil

State prudence, to cajtli the deril. Hujiiras.

The one affronts him, while the other cajo/ts

and pities him : takes up his quarrel, fliakes his

head at it, clafps his hand upon his breaft, ind

then proffts and protefts. L'Eflrangr.

My tongue that wanted to cajolt

I try'd, but not a word would troll. Ryrr.tr.

Cajo'l£r.»./ [fromf<j/o/<r.] Aflatterer;

a wheedler.
Cajo'lery. n.f. [cajolerie, Fr.] Flattery.
CJ'ISSON. n.f. [French.]

1. A cheft of bombs or powder, laid in
the enemy's way, to be fired at their
approach.

2, A wooden cafe in which the piers of
bridges are built within the water.

Cai'tiff. n.f. [cattivo, Ital. a flave ;
-whence it came to fignify a bad man,
with feme implication of m«annefs i as
3 .: .

C A L

irtave in Englilh, and fur in Latin"} fo
certainly does flavery deftroy virtue.

Homer,
A flavc and a fcoandrel are Cgnified by
the fame words in many languages.] A
mean villain ; a defpicable knave : it
often implies a mixture of wickednefs
and mifery.

V'Ae- caitiff! vaflal of dread and dcffair,
Unworthy of the common breathed air !
Why Kvcft thou, dead dog, a longer day.
And doll not unto death thyfelf prepare ? Sfaijcr.

*l'is not impoiiiblc
But one, the wicked'ft caitiff ou the ground,
May fecm as Ihy, as grave, as juITpas abfolute.
As Angclo. . Shakejfeare.

The wretched caitiff, all alone.
As he believ'd, began to moan.
And tell his ftory to himfelf. Iludibras.

CAKE. n.f. [cuc/j, Teutonick.]

1. A kind of delicate bread.

You muft be feeing chriftenings ! do you look
for ale and caiM here, you rude rafcals ? Sbatejp,

My cake is dough, but I'll in among the reft,
Out of hope of all but my ftiare of the (t»&. Stak.

The difmal day was come ; the prisfts prepare
Their leaven'd cat:s, and fillets for my hair. Dryd.

2. Any thing of a form rather flat than
high ; by which it is fometimes diltin-
guifhed from a loaf.

There is a cake that groweth upon the fide of a
dead tree, that hath gotten no name, but it is large,
and of a cheftnut colour, and hard and pithyi

SaccK^s Natural Uijhry,

3. Concreted matter ; coagulated matter.

Then when the fleecy Jkies new cloath tlie wgod.

And cakis of ruftling ice come rolling down the

flood. Drydtn.

To Cake. f. n. [from the noun.] To
harden, as dough in the oven.

1 his burning matter, as it funk very leifurcly,
had time to cake together, and form the bottom,
which covers the mouth of that dreadful vault that
lies underneath it. Addijm on Italy.

This is that very Mab,
That plats the manes of horfes in the night.
And cakes the clflucks in foul flutcilh hairs. Stak.

He rins'd the wound.
And walh'd away the ftrings and dotted blood.
That cak'd within. Addifin.

Calaba'sh Tree,

It hath a flower confifting of one leaf, divided at
the brim into feveral parts ; from whofe cup rifes
the pointai, in the hinder part of the flower; which
afterwards becomes a flc/hy fruit, having an-hard
fliell. They rife to the height of twenty-five or
thirty feet in the Well Indies, where they grow na-
turally. The fliells areufed by the negroes for cups,
as alfo for making inftruments of mufic, by mak-
ing a hole in the Ihell, and putting in fmall ftones,
with which they make a (ore of rattle. Miller.

Calama'nco. »./ [a word derived, pro-
balply by fome accident, from calaman-
ctts, Lat. which, in the middle ages, fig-
nified a hat.] A kind of woollen lluiF.

He was of a bulk and ftature larger than ordi-
nary, had a red coat, flung opea to fliew a cala-
manco waiftcoat. • tatler.
Ca'lamine, or Lapis Calaminaris. n, J.
A kind of foflile bituminous earth, which,
being mixed with copper, changes it
into brafs.

\Ve muft not omit thofe, which, though not of
fo much beauty, yet aie of greater ufe, «z. load-
ftones, whetftones of all kinds, limeftoucs, cala-
mine, or lapi^ calaminaris, Lccke,
C a'l A M I N T . »./. \_calamintha, Lat.] The

name of a plant.
Cala'mitous, aJj. [cahmilo/us, Lat.]

C A L

1. Miferable ; involved in diArefi ; op-
preficd with infelicity ; unhappy
wretched : applied to men.

This it a gracious provision God Almighty batk
made in favour of the neceOitous and ealamitous ;
the Date of fome, in this life, being fo extremely
wretched and deplorable, if compared with otiiers.

2. Full of mifery ; diflrefsful : applied to
external circumftances.

Whatrat'onuVcui eii'eds thcairofthiscity wrought
upon us the laft year, you may read in my difcourC;
of the platuc. Harvey m Ctnfumftisw

Stria' neceflity '

Subdues me, and calamitcus conftraint*!
I.eft un m]r head both fin and puniihment,
However infupportable, be all
Devolv'd. Atiliin,

Much rather I (hall chufe
To live the pooreft in my tribe, than richeft,
And be in that alamiicus prifon left. Miltm,

In this fad and calamitous condition, deliverjnee-
from an opprelfour would have even revived them.

Swift,

Cala'mitousness. n, /. [frdm calanii-

tous."] Mifery ; diftrefs.
C.-^LA'MITY. n.J. [calamitas, Lat.]

1. Misfortune; caufe of mifery ; diftrefs..

Another ill accident i.- drought, and the fpind-
lingofthc corn, which with us is rare, but in hotter
countries common ; infomuch as the word calamity
was firft derived from calamus, when the corn could
not get out of the ftalk. Baton,

2. Mifery ; diftrefs.

This infinite ffl/f7w//)' (hall caufe
To human life, and houlhouid peace confound.

Milteti,
From adverfe Ihores in fafety let her hear
Foreign calamity, and diftant war;
Of which, great heav'n, let her no portioo.bear.

Prior,

CA'LAMUS, n. f. [Lat.] A fort of reed
or fweet-fcented wood, mentioned in
fcripture with the other ingreUienta of
the facred perfumes. It is a knotty root,
reddifti without, and white within, which
puts forth long and narrow leaves, anti
brought from the Indies. The prophets
fpeak of it as a foreign commodity of
great value. Thefe Aveet reeds have
no fmell when they are green, but when
they are dry only. Their form differs
not from other reeds, and their fmcll is
perceived upon entering the marfhes.

Cabuet,
Take thou alfo unto thee principal fpices of gure
myrrh, of fweet cinnamon, and of fweet calamus.
Exodus, XXX. ij.

Cala'sh. »./ [caUche,'Fi.'\ Afmallcap-
riage of pleafure.

Daniel, a fprightly fwain, that os'd to flafli
The vig'rous fteeds, that drew his lord's calajh.

King.

The ancients ufed calajhes, the figures of feveril
of them being to be feen on ancient monuments.
They are very fimplc, light, and drove by the tra-
veller himfelf. yiriutlnst en Coins,

Ca'lceated. at//, \_calceatus, Lat.] Shod ;

fitted with flioes.
CJLCEDO'NIUS. n.f, [Lat.] A kind of

precious ftone.

Calcedonius is of the agate kind, and of a mifty
grey, clouded with blue, or with purple.

iVccdzuard on Frffls,

To Ca'i.cinate. See 9r« Calcine.

In hardening, by baking without melting, the
heat hath thefe degrees ; firft, it indurateth, then
maketh fragile, and Mly it doth caldnmie.

Bacons Natural HiJ}ory,

Calcina'tion,

C A L

c A n

C A L

Calcina'tion. n.f. [from calcine', cal-
cination, Fr.] Such a management of
bodies by fire, as renders them reducible
to powder ; wherefore it is called chy-
mical puIvcriza*'on. This is the next
degree of the power of fire beyond that
of fufion ; for when fafion is longer con-
tinued, not only the more fubtile par-
ticles of the body itfelf fly off, but the
particles of fire likewife infinuate them-
felves iu fuch multitudes, and are fo
blended through its whole fubftance,
that the fluidity, firft caufed by the fire,
<an no longer lubfift. From this union
arifes a third kind of body, which, being
very porous and brittle, is eafily reduced"
to powder ; for, the fire having pene-
trated every where into the pores oi the
body, the particles are both hindered
from mutual contact, and divided into
minute atoms. ^incy.

Divers refidcnces of bodies are thrown a«.iy, as
foon as the diftillation or calcinatkn ol ihe hody
that yielderh them is ended. Bv/le,

This maybe eSeSed, but not without tcakaa-
thn, or reducing it by art into a fubtle powder.

Brown's /■''a/gar Mmurs.

Calci'n ATOnv. f!./. [from calcinate.} A
veiTel ufed in calcination.

To CALd'NE. -V. a. [calciner, Fr. from
calx, Lat.]

1 . To bum in the fire to a calx, or friable
fnbllance. See Calcination.

The folids feetn to be earth, bound together with
fonoe oil ; for if a bone be calcimd, fo as the lead
force will crumble it, being immerfed in oil, it
will grow firm again. Arbuthtut on Aliminti.

2. To burn up.

Fiery difputcs that union have eah'm'd,
Almoft as many mind; as men we find. Denbam.

To Calci'ne. -v. It. To become a calx by
heat.

This chrydal is a pellucid fiflile Hone, clear
ai water, and without colour, enduring a red beat
without lofing its tranfparency, and, in a very ftrong
heat, calc'mirg without fufion. NtwKm'i Opticki.

To CA'LCULATE. -v. a. [calcuUr. Fr.
from calculus, Lat. a little ftone or bead,
ufed in operations of numbers.]

1. To compute; to reckon : as, he cal-
culatfj his expences.

2. To compute the fituation of the pla-
nets at any certain time.

A conning man did calculate my birth,
And told me, that by water I (hould die.

Siake/feare'i Henry VI.

Why all thefe fires, why all thefe gliding ghofts,
Why old men, fools, and children calculati.
Why all thofc things change from their ordinance ?

Shaktffeare.

Who were there then in the world, to obferve the
births of thofe fird men, and calculate their nati-
vities, 3i they fprawled out of ditches > Bentlty.

J. To adjuft ; to projeft for any certain
end.

The reafonablenefs of religion clearly appears,
at it tends fodire^ly to thehappinefsof men, and
is, upon all accounts, calculated for our benefit.

rUlotfin.

To Ca'i-culate. -v. It. To make a com-
putation.
Cai.cui.a'tion. n./. [from calculate."]
I . A prafkice, or manner of reckoning ; the
art of numbering.
Cypher, that gieat friend to calculalkn i or

rather, which changcth celculathn Into eafy com-
putation. ■ Holder on Time.

2. A reckoning ; therefult of arithmetical
operation.

It' then their calcmlathn be true, for fa they
reciion. Hooker.

Being diflerent from calculatioin of the ancients,
their obfervations confirm not ours.

Brciuns Vulgar Errours.

Calcula'tor. »./ [from calculate.] A
computer ; a reckoner.

Ca'lculatory. aelj. [from calculate.]
Belonging to calculation.

Ca'lcule. It. /. [calculus, Lat.] Reck-
oning ; compute : obfolete.

The general calcule, which was made in the lal
perambulation, exceeded eight millions.

Hoiuers Vocal Foreji.
C a'l c u r.o s E . 7 aJJ. [from calculus, Lat.]
Ca'lculous. J Stony; gritty.

The volatile f<ilt of urine will coagulate fpirits

of whie ; and thus, perhaps, the ftones, or calcu-

* leje concretions in the kidney or bladder, may be

produced. Brmin's Vulgar Er/rc-jn.

I have found, by opening the kidneys of a cal-
cuhui perfon, that the ftone is formed earlier than
I havi: fuggefled. Sharp.

CjTLCVLUS. n.f. [Latin.] The ftone in

the bladder.
Ca'ldron. n.f. [chauUron, Fr. from

calidus, Lat.] A pot ; a boiler; a kettle.

In the midft of all
There placed was a caldron wide and tall.
Upon a mighty furnace, burning hot. Fairy Sveen.

Some drip the Ikiii ; fome portion out the fpoilj
The limbs, yet trembling, in the catdroni boil ;
Some on the fire the reeking entrails broil.

Dryden'i ^ne!d.

In the late eruptions, this great hallow was lik«
a vaft caldron, filled with glowing and melted mat-
ter, which, as it boiled over in any part, ran down
the fides of the mountain. AJdiJcn,

Caleche. The fame with Calash.
Cale fa'ct ION. n./ [from fa/^n'o,Lat.]

1 . The aft of heating any thing.

2. The ftate of being heated.
Calefa'ctive./j/^. [front f«/c/«f/o, Lat.]

That which makes any thing hoc ; heat-
ing.

Calefa'ctory. adj. [from cahfacio,
Lat.] That which heats.

To CA'LEFY. rv. n. {calefio, Lat.] To
grow hot ; to be heated.

Cryftal will caltfy unto eleflricity; that is, a
power to attrafl ftraws, or light bodies, and convert
the needle, freely placed. Brown's Vulgar Errours.

To Ca'lefy. t. a. To make hot.

Ca'lendar. n.f. [calendarium, Lat.] A
regifler of the year, in which the
months, and ftated times, are marked,
as feftivals and holidays.

What hath this day deferv'd ? what hath It done,
That it in golden letter fhould be fet
Among the high tides, in the calendar ?

Siaheffcare's King "John.

We compute from calendars differing from one
another j the compute of the one anticipating that
of the other. Bronvti.

Curs'd be the day when firft I did appear ;
Let it be blotted from the calendar.
Left it pollute the month ! Drydcn's Fables.

To CA'LENDER. -v. a. [calendar, Fr.

Skinner.] To drefs cloth; to lay the

nap of cloth fmooth.
Ca'lender. w. / [from the verb.] A

hot prefs ; a prefs in which clothiers

fmooth their dotii.

C a'l E K D R E R . n.f. [from calender. ] The

perfon who calenders.
Ca'lends. n.f. [calendee, Lat. It has
no fngttlar.] The firll day of evtry
month among the Romans.
Ca'lenture. n.f. [from caleo, Lat.] A
diftemper peculiar to failors in hot cli-
mates ; wherein they imagine the fea
to be green fields, and will throw them-
felves into it. ^iitcy.

And for that lethargy was there no cure.
But to be call into a calerture. Denbam^

So, by a calenture milled.
The mariner with rapture fees.

On the fmooth ocean's azure bed,
Enamell'd fields, and verdant trees :
Wit]\ eager hafte he longs to rove
In that fantaftic fcene, and thinks

It muft be fome enchanted grove ;
And in he leaps, and down he finks. Sitilft,

Calf. n.f. calves in the flural, [cealp,
Saxon ; ialf, Dutch.]

1. The young of a cow.

The cok hach about four years of growth ; ani
fo the fawn, and fo the calf. Bacon's Nat. Hi/lory,
Acofta tells us of a fowl in Peru, called condorc,
which will kill and eat up a whole calf at a time.

fVilkirs.
Ah, Blouzetind ! I love thee more by half
Than docs their lawns, or cows the new-fall'n calf.

Gay,

2. Calves of the lips, mentioned by Hofea,
fignify facrifices of praife and prayers,
which the captives of Babylon addreffed
to God, being no longer in a condition
to offer facrifices in his temple. Calmef,

Turn to the Lord, and {iy unto lilm, Take away
ail iniquity, and receive us giacioufly. fo will we
render the calves of our lips. Hofea, xiv. 2.

3. By way of contempt and reproach, ap-
plied to a human being ; a dolt ; a ftu-
pid wretch.

When a child haps to be got.
That after proves an ideot ;
When folk perceive it tliriveth not.
Some filly doatlng brainlefs calf.
That underftands things by the half.
Says, that the fairy left the oaf,
AnJ took away the other. Dr.ayton's NympHd.

4. The thick, plump, bulbous part of the
leg. \_kalf, Dutch.]

into her legs I'd have love's ilTues fall.
And all her calf'xsno a gouty fmall. Suckling.

Thei<j//"of that leg '»liftcred. IVifeman' s Surgery,
Ca'liber. ?/./. [calibre,?!.] The bore;
the diameter of the barrel of a gun ;
the diameter of a bullet.
C a'l ICE. n.f. [calix, Lat.] A cup; a
chalice.

There is a natural analogy between the ablution
of the body and the purification of the foul ; be-
tween eating the holy bread and drinking the fa-
cred calice, and a participation of the body and
blood of Chrift. Taylor.

Ca'hco. n. f. [from Calccut in India.]
An Indian iluff made of cotton ; fome-
times llained with gay and beautiful co-
lours. /

I wear the hoop petticoat, and am all in calicoes,
when the fineft are in filks. Addvtn's Spi&ator.

Ca'lid. adj. [calidus, La.t.] Hot; burn-
ing ; fervent.
Cai.i'dity. n.f. [from cal/d.] Heat.

Ice will dilTolve in any way of heat 5 for it will
d;(r)ive with fire, it will collr<nute in water, or
warm oil ; nor doth it only fubmit into an aduai
heat, but not endure the potential cal'dity of m^ny
Waters. Brovit't Vulg. r Ei-nuirs.

Kk 2 C a'l IF.

C A L

Ca'lip. Ifi./.liWifn.Aftkh.
Ca'liph. 3 orAicw/Tor.} Aiitk)

tn he1r
; afTumeit
by the {ixceffois of Mahoniet among
the Saracens, who were veiled with ab-
foluie power in afFairs both religious and
civil.
Camca'tioi*. «. / [from caligo, Lat.
to be dark.] Darknefs ; c]oudinei:>.

InAead of a diniinution, or impcrfefi viAoni in
the mole, we atfirra an abolition, or tot^l |>riva-
tion j inltead of caii^atkn, or dimnefs, we con-
clude a cecity, or brmdncfs. Hrvwn.
CALi'ciNOus.tf*^'. [ca/igifro/'us,'Lat.'\ Ob-

fcure ; dim ; full of darknefs.
Cali'gikousn t»s.;/.y; [homcaligiiieus.']

Darknefs ; obfcurity.
CA'LiGRAPHy. a./. [xoAi^fo^iix.] Beau-
tiful writing.
This laqgtt>|e i( incapable of eiligrafhy.

FriJiaux.

Ca'lipers. See Callipers.
Ca'liver.w./. [ from calibtr. ] A hand-
gun ; a harquebufe ; an old mulket.

Come, manage me your caTifcr,

Sbakcffcare'! Httiry IV.

CA'LIX. n. /. [Latin.] A cup : a word

ufed in botany ; as, the calix of a. flower.
To CALK. 'V. a. [from calagi, Fr. hemp,
with which leaks are ilopped ; or from
ca;l*. Sax. the keel. Skinner.'^ To ftop
the leaks of a (hip.

There is a great errour committed in the man-
ner of ea/king hi« majefty's Yhips) which being
done with rotten oakum, is tiie caufe they are
leaky. iUieigb's BJ/iyi.

So here fome pick out bullets from the fide ;
Some drive old oakum through each feam and rift ;

Their left hand docs the calking iron guide.
The rattling mallet wich the right they lift. Dryd.

Ca'lker. ti. f. [ixom calk. "l The work-
man that (lops the leaks of a fhip.

The ancients of Gebal, and the wife men there-
of, were in thee thy calkcn ; all the fliips of the
fea, with their mariners, were in thee to occupy
thy merchandize. Ezei. xxvii. 9.

Ca'lkinc. n. f. h term in painting,
ufed where the backfide is covered with
Mack lead, or red chalk, and the lines
traced through on a waxed plate, wall,
or other matter, by paffing lightly over
each ftroke of the defign with a point,
which leaves an impreflion of the colour
on the plate or wall. Chambers,

To CALL. V. a. [calo, Lat. holder, Da-
nifh.]

1. To name ; to denominate. '

And God called the light day, and the dark-
nefs he called night. Gtncfn, i. 5.

2. To furamon, or invite, to or from any
place, thing, or perfon. It is often ufed
with local panicles, as up, tUnun, in, out,

"I-

Be not amazed ; call all your fenfes to you ;

defend my reputation, or bid farewel to your good

ilt for erer. Shaiefpearr.

Why came not the flave back to me when I

tallid him ? Sbaktjfure' s King Lear.

Are you ealfd forth from out a world of men,

To flay the innocent ? Sbakejptare's Richard III.

Lodronius, that famous captain, was called up,

and told by his fervaots that the general was fled.

Knallet'i Hifltry.

Or call mp him that left half told

The ftory of Cambufcan bold. Miltcn.

DtuAkennefs culli iff the watchmen from their

towers ; and then evils proceed from a loolc heart,

and an untied tongue, tajhii Holj Living.

C A L

Th* foul mikci ufe of het oiemsry, fe ttll •»
mird what (ht U to treat of.

JJuppa'i Rule' It Dertrien.

Such /lae employments our whole days divide j
The faiutatioii! uf the morning tide
Call up the fon ; thofe eiiVed, to the hall
We wait the piitron, bear the lawyers bawl. Dryd,

Then by confeal abftain fiom farther toil',
Call iff tlx i\ip, anti gather up the fpoils. jtidij.

By the pleafures of the imagination <*r fancy,
I me«n fuch ac ari.'e imm vifiMe ohjeAs, when
v.'c call up their ideas into our mind" by paintings,
fiatuc', or defcriptions. Aldit.r'i Sf^flal'r.

Why dull thou call my foriov\s yp jfreih ?
My father's name brings tears into my eves.

jUdf-n't CiUt.

I am called eff from public dilTertiitions, by a
domef^ic affair of great imporiancc. Tarier.

i'Efehylushas a tragedy intitled Perfa, in which
tlie &ade of Darius is called up.

Brmmc on lie OdyJJey.

The paflions call a^aay the thoughts, with in-
ceflant importunity, toward the object that excited
them. IVatti.

3. To convoke ; to fummon together.

Now callvit our high court of parliament.

Shakifpcjre.

The king being informed of much that had
pafled that night, fent to the lord mayor to call
a common council immediately. Clarendon,

4. To fummon judicially.

The king had fent for the earl to return home,
where he Oiould be called to account for all his
mifcarriages. Clarend-n,

Once a day, cfpecially in the early years of life
and lludy, call yourfelves to an accuunc, what new
ideas, what new propofition or truth, you have
gained. IVatii.

5. To fummon by command.

In that day did tlie Lord Cod of hoSs call to
weeping, and to mourning, and to baldnefs, and
to girding with fackcloth. Ifaiab, xxii. ii.

6. In the theological fenfe, to infpire with
ardours of piety, or to fummpn into the
church.

Paul, a fervant of Jefus Chrift, called to be an
apoftle, fcparateduntothegofpelofOod. Rom. i. i.

7. To invoke ; to appeal to.

I call God for a record upon my foul, that, to
fpare you, I came not as yet unto Corinth.

2 Cor, i. 23.

8. To appeal to.

When that lord perplexed their counfets and
defigns with inconvenient objeftions in law, the
authority of the lord MancheAer,whahad trod the
fame paths, was ftill called upon. Clarendon.

9. To proclaim ; to publilh.

Nor ballad-finger, pUcM above the crowd,
Sings with a note fo ihrilling, fwtet, and lo'id,
Nor parifh clerk, who calls the pfalm fo clear. Goy.

10. To excite ; to put in adion ; to bring
into view.

He fwclls with angry pride,
And calli forth all hiisfpots on every fide. Ctnolcy,

See Diiinyfius Homer's thoughts vc line.
And call new beauties forth from ev'ry line. Pope,

n . To ftigmatize with fome opprobrious
denomination.

Deafnefs unqualifies men for all company, except
friends ; whom I can call names, if they do not
fpeak loud enough. Stvift to Pope,

12. To call back. To revoke ; to retradl.
He alfo is wife, and will bring evil, and will

not call itick liis words ; but will arifc againll tlic
houfe of the evil doers ; and againft the help of
them that work iniquity. Ifaiab, xxxi. a.

13. To call for. To deiQaad ; to require ;
to claim.

Madam, his majefty doth call fir yon,
Andyor your grace, and you, my noble lord.

I^bakcfpeare.
You fee Uow men of merit arc fought after ;

C AL

th» undeftrver nuy fleep, wh«n the «»fl of lAloa

is called fir. _ Sbalejftan.

Among them he a fpirit of phrcnfy fcnt,
Who hurt their minds.
And urg'd you on, with mad dcft.-e.
To call in hafte/tr their deftrojer.

Milion'i Sam/fon .Igtni/ltt,
For mailer, nr for fenan', here to call,
Was all alike, where only two wore all.

Vryden't Fablei,
He commits every fin that his appetite caliifir,
or perhaps his conititution or fortune can bear.

Rogert.

14. To call in. To rcfumc money at in-
tereft.

Horace defcrlbes an oH ufurer, as fo charmed
with the pleafures of acounti^ life, that, in order to
make a purchafe, he called in all his money ; but
what was the event of it? why, in a very few days
after, he put it out again. jtddifm'i SpeSater.

1^. To call in. To refumc any thing that
is in other hands.

If clipped money be called in all at once, and
flopped from palfing by weight, 1 fear it will ftop
trade. Lcckg.

Neither is any thing more cud and opprelTive

in the French government, than their pra(^Ice of

^ calling in their money, after tliey have funk it

very low, and then coining it anew, at a higher

value. Swif'i.

16. To call in. To fummon together ; to
invite.

The heat is paft, follow no farther now ;
Call in the powers, good coulin Wellmoreland.

Sbakefptartt

He fears my fubjeSs loyalty.
And now muft call in ftrangers. DenhanCs Sophy.

1 7. To call over. To read aloud a lift or
mufter-roll.

18. To call out. To challenge; to fum-
mon to light.

When their fovereign's quarrel calli 'em cut.
His foes to mortal combat they defy.

Drydm't Virgil,

To Call. v. n,

1. To Hop without intention of flaying.
This meaning probably rofe from the
cuilom of denoting one's prefence at the
door by a call ; but it is now ufed with
great latitude. This fenfe is well enough
preferved by the particles on or at ; but
IS forgotten, and the expreffion made
barbarous, by ///.

2. To make a fliort vifit.

And, as you go, call on my brother Quintus,
And pray him, with the tribunes, to coae to me.

Ben JnfMU

He ordered her to call at his houfe once a-week,
which flie did for fome time after, when he heard
no more of her. Temple.

That I might begin as near the fountain-head as
poffible, 1 firft of all called is at St. James's.

jiddifcni Speffator.

We called in at Morge, wh«rc there is an arti-
ficial port. Attilifon OH Italy.

3. To call on. To folicit for a favour, or
a debt.

I would be loth to pay him before his day;
what need 1 be fo forward with him, that calls nor
on me ? Sh^k-fpcare's Henry IV.

4. To call on. To repeat folemnly.

Thrice call upon my namo, thrice beat your
bread,
And hail me thrice to cverlafting reft. Dryjtn,

The Athenians, when they loil any men at fea,
went to the Ihores, and calling thrice on their
names, raifed a cenotaph, or empty monument,
to their memories. Broome un the OdyjTey.

5. To call upon. To implore ; to pray to.

Call upun me in the day of trouble \ 1 wilt deliver
thee, and thou Ihalt glorify me. Pjalm i. 1 5.

Call.

C A L

Call. rt. f. [from the verb.]

1. A vocal addrefs of fummons or invita-
tion.

But death comes not at cajl, jnftice divine
Mends not her tloweft pace for pray'rs or crirs.

Mihtn.

But would yon fing, uni rival Orpheus' ftrain,
The wond'ring fonlts loon ihouid dance again ;
Tlie moving mouiitairs iiear the ptiw'rt'u! lallf
And headlong Itreama hang lift'oing in their tall.

2. Requifition authoritative and public.

It may be feared, whether our nobility would
contentedly |iiffi;r themfelvet to b= always at the
call, and to ftjnd to the lenience, of a number of
mean pcrfons- llz'^ieri Pnface.

3. Divine vocation ; fummons to true re-
ligion.

Yc: he at length, time to himfelf beft known,
Remfmb'ring Abraham, by fome wond'rous m//,
May bring them back rcpcnt.int and fincerc. M'tlton.

4.. A fummons from heaven ; an impulfe.

How juftly then will impious moruls fall,
Wbofe pride would foar to beav'n without a calll

Thofe who to empire by dark paths afpire.
Still plead a eall to what they mod dclire. Dryien.

St. Paul himfelf believed he did well, and that
be had a call to it, when he perfccutcd the chrif-
tiaos, whom he confidently thought in the wrong:
but ycc it was he, and not they, who were mil-
taken. Locke.

5. Authority; command.

Oh, Sir ! I wiih be were within my tall, c:
yours. Denbam.

6. A demand ; a claim.

Dependence is a perpetual call upon humanity,
and a greater incitement to ttndernefs and pity,
than any other motive whatfocver. Mdifan'iSfcll,

7. An inftrumcnt to call birds.

For thpfe birds or beads were made from fnch
pipes or calls, as may exprefs tlie feveral tones of
thofe creatures, which are reprcfentcd.

H^ilkirt't Mathtnailciil Magki.

8. Calling ; vocation ; employment.

Now through the land his cure oi fouls he
ftrctch'd.
And like a primitive apodle preach'd :
Still cheerful, ever cnnftant to his call ;
By many follow'il, lov'd by moft, admir'd by all.

DrjcUn.

p. A nomination.

Upon the fixteenth WM held the ferjeantJ feaft at
Ely place, t>iere being nine ieijeaiUs of that call.

Bacon.

r- ' „-?»•/• A trull.
La llet. J •'

He call'd her whore : a beggar, in his drink.

Could not have laid fuch terms upon Wiscallet,

HbakdJ'^iarc,

Ca'llinc. n. /. [from <-a/^]

1. Vocation; profeflion ; trade.

if God has interwoven fuch a picafurewith our
ordinary callivg, how much fupcriour muil that
be, v/hich arifes from the furvcy of a pious life ?
Surely, as much ai Chriilianity is nobler than a
trade. South..

We find ourfrlves obliged to go on in honed in-
dnOry in our callings. Rc^rn.

I cannot trrbear wiruing you againft endeavour-
ing at wit in your fcrmons; hecaufe many of your
lallirf have made themfelves ridiculous by at.
Kropting it. Swift.

I left no calling for this idle trade.

No duty broke, no father dil'obey'd. F.fc.

2. Proper Ration, or employment.

Tne Gauls found the Roman fenators ready to
Ale. with honour in their f/»//i»T^. Sv,'ifi.

3. Claf« of pcrfons united by the fame
employment or profcflion.

It may be a caution to ail Chridlan churches
and magiftraiet, not to impofe celibacy on whole
lalhngt, aod peat multitudes of jsicn at women,

C A L

who canBot be fuppofable to have the gift of con-
tinence. Hammond.

4. Divine vocation ; invitation or impulfe
to the true religion.

Give all diligence, to make your calling and
eleflion fure. iPcier, i. 10.

St. Peter was ignorant of the calling of the Gen-
tiles, iiake*will on Providence.

Ca'llipers. n./. [Of this word I know
not the etymology ; nor does any thing
more probable occur, than that, per-
haps, the word is corrupted from clip-
pen, inftruments with which any thing

, is clipped, inclofed, or embraced.] Com-
pa/Fes with bowed fhanks.

CcUipers mcafure the didance of any round, cy-
lindricir, conical body; fo that when workmen ufe
them, they open the two points to their dcfcribed
width, and turn fo much ftuff off the intended
place, till the two points of the callifers fit jufl over
their work, Mcxon^s Mechanical Exercifes,

Callo'sitv. n.f. \callofite, Fr.] A kind
of fwelling without pain, like that of the
Ikin by hard labour ; and therefore when
woonds, or the edges of ulcers, grow fo,
they are faid to be callous. ^incy.

The furgeon ought to vary the diet of his pa-
tient, as he finds the fibres loolen too much, are
too flaccid, and produce fungufcs ; or as they har-
den, and produce callojitiis ; in the firft cafe, wine
and Ipiritusns liijuors are ufeful, in the laH hurt-
ful, ylrbulhtts! on Diet.
Ca'llous. adj. [callus, Lat.]

1. Indurated ; hardened ; having the pores
fliut up.

In progrefs of time, the ulcers became finuous
and callous, with induration of the glands. )ViJeman.

2, Hardened; infenfible.

Licentioufnels has fo long pafTed for fharpnefs
of wit, and grcatnefs of mind, that the confcience
is grown callous. VEJirange.

The wretch is drench'd too deep ;
His foul is Dupid, and his heart afleep ;
Fattcn'd in vice, fo callous and fo grofs.
He (\ni, and fees not, fenfelef's of hij. lofs. Drydcn.
Ca'llousness. n.f, [from callous.']

1. Hardnefs ; induration of the itbres.

The oftcner we ufc the organs of touching, the
more of thefc fcales are formed, and the Ikin be-
comes the thicker, and fo a lallcufntfs grows upon
it. Cbeyr.e.

2. Infenfibility.

If they let go their hope of everlafting life with
wiilingncfs, and entertain final perdition with ex-
ultation, ought they not to be cfteemed dcditute
of common feiili?, and abandoned to a callovj'rw/s
and nunibnefs of foul ? Bf.tLy.

Ca'llow. adj. Unfledged; naked; with,
out feathers,

Burfting with kindly rupture, forth difclos'd
Their callow young. Milton.

Then as an eagle, who with pious care
Was beating widely on the wing for prey.

To hfr now filcnt airy does repair,
And finds hcrcj//i?^y infants fjrc'd away. Drydcn.
How in fmall flights they know to try their
young.
And teach the callno child her parent'! fong.

Piior.

CA'LLVS. n.f. [Latin.]

I . An induration of the fibres.

z. The hard fubftance by which broken

boni.'s are united.
CALM. adj. [calme, Fr. kal?n, Dutch.]
(. Quiet; ferene ; not ftormy ; not tcm-

peftuous : applied to the elements.

('.-.las was ths day, and through the tr.-.nbling air
Sweet breathing Zephyrus did loftly play
A gentle fpirit, that li^licly did allay
Hot Titan's beaini, which Uien did glillcr fair.

Spcnfer,

C A L

%o (hall the fea be calm unto us, ymah^

2. Undifturbed; unruffled: applied to the
paflions.

It is noways congruou", that Cod fhouldS*
frightening men into truih, who were maJ:' to be
wrought upcin by calm evidence, mi gentle me-
thods of perfuafion. Atltriury,
The queen her fpeech with calm attention hf ar ,
Her eyes reftrain the lih et-!lreaming tears, Pcpi.
Calm. n.f.

1. Serenity; ftillncfs ; freedom from vio-
lent motion: uled of the elements.

It feemeth moft agreeable to rcafoo thM the
waters rather liood in a »;uiet-i«/ni, than tiwt they
moved with any raging 01 overbearhig violence.

Raleil!*.
Every pilot
Can (leer the (hip in ca'tni ; bathe performs
The Ikilful part, tin manage it in dorms, Dtntn-m.

Nor God alont in the dill calm we find.
He mount! the iluroi, and walks upon the whid.

Poft.

2, Freedom from difturbance ; quiet ; re-
pofe : applied to the paiTions.

Great and drange calms ufually portend the moft
violent^orms 5 and therefore, (met fiorms and calms
do always follow one another, ceitainly, of the
two, it is much rriorc eligible to have the Jiorrii
fird, and the calm afterwards : fince a calm before
ijiorm is commonly a peace of a man'k own mak-
ing; but icalm after AJlorm, a peace of God's.

Stulk.

To Calm. v. a. [from the noun.]

1 . To ilill ; to quiet.

Neptune wc find bufy, in the beginning of the
y£neis, to calm the tempeft raifed by i£olus,

Dryden.

2. To pacify ; to appeafe.

Jcfus, whofc bare word checked the fea, as much
exerts himfelf in filencing the tempeds, and calm-
ing the intcftine dorms, within our breads.

Decay of Piety,

Thofe padions, which fecm fomewhat calmed,
may be entirely laid afleep, and never more awak-
ened. Alterbury*

He wiU'd to day.
The facrcd rites and hecatombs to pay.
And calm Minerva's wrath. PcJ^.

Ca'lmer. n.f. [from f«/»i.] The perfon
or thing which has the power of giving
quiet.

Angling was, after tedious dudy, a reft to hi!

mind, a chcercr of his fpirits, a divcrter of fad-

ncfs, A calmer of unquiet tliou^jhts, a moderator of

pallions, a procurer of conteritednels. I^alton.

Ca'i.mly. ad-v. [from calm.']

1. Without ftorms, or violence ; ferently.

In nature, things move violently to their place,
and calmly in their place; fo virtue in ambiti')n is
violent, in authority fettled and calm, Bacor..

His curled brows
Frown on the gentle dream, which calmly flows.

Dcr.ham.

2. Without paflions ; quietly.

The nymph did like the fccne appear.

Serenely pleafant, calmly fair;

Soft fell her words, as fleiv the air. Prior.

Ca'lmness. n.f. [from calm.]
I. Tranquillity; ferenity ; not ftorminefs.

While the deep horrid roughncis of the wood
Strives with the gentle calmnejs of the flood.

Dcnhatit.

z. Mildnefs ; freedom from paffion.

Sir, 'tis fit
Vou have ftrong party, or defend yourfelf
By calmnejs, or by abfencc : all 's in anger. Shll\,

I beg the grace.
You would lay by thofe terrours of your face ;
Till calmnejs to your eyes you fird leftorc,
I am afraid, and I can be^ no more. Drydfn,

Ca'lmy. adj. [from <■«//«.] Calm; peace-
ful. Not ufed.

And

C AL

And now they nigh approached to the fled.
Where as thofe mermaidcs ivxlt : it was a ftiU
And {jfny Say, on one firic Sheltered

^ With the broaJ ihadowof x\ hoarj- hill. Fairy S^.

Ca'lomel. n. /. [calomelas, a chymical
word.] 'Mercury fix times fublimcd.

He repeated lenient purgatives, with ra/omW, once

in three or four days. tV.jimari'i Syrgtry.

Galoiu'fick. adj. {calorifcus, Lat.]

That which has the quality of producing

heat ; heating.

A ca/cr-fick principle is either excited within the
h-ited biKly, or transferred to it, through any nic-
diam, from fome other. Silver will grow hotter
thjn the liquor it contains. Creiu.

CALO'TTE. n.f. [French.]

1, A cap or coif, worn as an ecdcfiaftical
., ornament in France.

2. [In architefture.] A round cavity or
depreflure, in form of a cap or cup,
lathed and plaiftered, ufed to diminifh
the rife or elevation of a chapel, cabinet,
alcove, t5f. Hnrris.

aJLOTERS. n.f. [xa^®-.] Monks of the
Greek church.
Temprate as alayert in their fecret cells.

MjJiicn on Beulter.

Ca'ltrops. n.f. [cokpseppe, Saxon.]

1. An inftrument made with three fpikes,
fo that which way foever it falls to the
ground, one of theift points upright, to
wound horfes feet.

The ground about was thick fown with i-a//r;/ii,

which verymuch incomnloJeci the fliodcfs Moors.

Dr. ylMi]'-i:'i ^ccmr.nf Tangier s.

2, A plant common in France, Spain, and
Italy, where it grows among corn, and
is very troublefome ; for the fruit being
armed with ilrong prickles, run into the
feet of the cattle. This is certainly the
plant mentioned in \'irgil's Georgick,
under the name of tribulus. Miller.

To Calve, f. n. [from calf.]

1. To bring a calf: fpoken of a cow.

When (he has calvd, then fct the dam afide,
And for the tender progeny provide. Drydcr..

2. It is ufed metaphoricilly for any adl of
bringing forth ; and fometimes of men,
by way of reproach.

I would they were barbarians, as they are,
Though in Rome litter'd ; not Romans, as thJy

are not.
Though calvci in the porch o' th' capltol. Shak.

The gralTy clodj now calv'i; now half iippcar'd
The tawny lion, pawing to get free
His hinder parts. Millon,

Calves-snout. \antirrhinum.'\ A plant.

Snapdragon.
HALVl'LLE. n. f [French.] A fort of

apple.
Ti Calu'mni ATE. -v. n. [calumnior, Lat.]

To accufe falfely ; to charge without

jufl ground.

Beauty, wit, high birth, defert in fervice,
Love, friendftiip, charity, are fubjeS all
To envious and ealumitiatinr time. Sbakejptarc.

He mixes truth with faliehood, and has not for-
gotten the rule of calummaiing ftrongly, that fome-
thing may remain. Dryden's FatUi, Pre/.

Do I calumiia:t f thou ungrateful Vanoc '.—
Perfidious prince!— Is it a calumny
To fay that Gwendolen, betroth'd to Yver,
W» by her father firft aflur'd to Valens ?

A. Ptilift,
?« Calu'mniate. t;. a. To flander.

One trade or art, even thofe that (hould be the

' jnoll liberal, make it their buQnefs to difdain and

calumniate another. Hfratt.

CAM

Calumnta'tion. n.f. [from ealumni at t."]
That which we call calumniation, is a
malicious and falfe reprcfentation of an
enemy's words or iflions, to an ofTcnfive
purpofe. Aylijfe.

Calumni a'tor. n.f. [from calumntate.]
A forger of accufation ; a flanderer.

He that would live clear of the envy and hatred
of .potent ca/umridtors, mull lay his Hngcrupun his
mouth, and keep his hand out of the ink- put.

VEJIrangi-

At the fame timclhttt Virgil was celebrated by

Galius, we know that Ravius and Moevius weic

his declared t\xi and ca!umniatirx. Addijon.

Calvj'.mn- lous.fl/^. [^(cotacalumny.l Slan-
derous ; fallely reproachful.
Virtue itielf 'Icapes not calumnimt lirokes.

Sbaktfpeare.
With calumnKus art
Of counterfeited truth, thus held their cars. MjltuK.

CA'LUMNY. n.f [calumnia, Lat.] Slan-
der ; falfe charge ; groundlefs accufa-
tion : with agninft, or fometimes upon,
before the perfon accufed.

' Be thvu as chaltc as ice, as pure as fnow.
Thou ihait not efcape calumny. Sbahffeare,

It is a very hard calumny ufan our foil or cli-
mate, to affirm, that fo excellent a fruit will not
grow here. Ttmfk.

CALX. n. f [Latin.] Any thing that is
rendered reducible to powder by burn-
ing.

Gold, that is more denfe than lead, refills pe-
remptorily all the dividing power of fire ; and will
not be reduced into a calx, or lime, by fuch opera-
tion as reduces lead into it. Dighy.
Ca'lvcle. n.f. [calyculus,'L9.t.'\ A fmall
bud of a plant. Di3.
Cama'jeu. n.f. \_hom camachuia; which
name is given by the orientals to the
onyx, when, in preparing it, they find
another colour.]
I . A ftone with various figures and repre-
fentations of landfkips, formed by na-
ture.
:. [In painting.] A terra ufed where there
is only one colour, and wliere the lights
and iliadows are of gold, wrought on a
golden or azure ground. This kind of
work is chiefly ufed to reprefent baflb
relievos. Chambers.
Ca'mber. n.f. [See Cambering.] A
term among workmen.

Camber, .1 piece of timber cut arching, fo as, a
weiglit confiderablc being fet upon it, it may in
length of time be induced to a ftraight.

Mctxc/rCt Mecbanical Exercifcu

Ca'mberinc. n.f A word mentiont-'d by
Skinner, as peculiar to (hipbuilders, who
fay that a plase is cambering, wlien they
mean arched, [from chambri, French.]

Ca'm b u ic k. n.f. [from Cambray, a city
in Flanders where it was principally
made.] A kind of fine linen, ufed for
ruffles, women's fleeves, and caps.

He hath ribbons of all the colours of the rain-
bow } inkles, caddifes, cambricks, and lawns.

Shakifpfari.

Rebecca had, by th:! ufe of a looking glais, and
by the further uli: of certain attire, made of cav:-
br'tck, upon her head, attained to an evil art. TaiUr.

Confed'rate in the cheat, they draw the throng.
And cambrick handkerchiefs reward the fong. Gay,

Came. The preterite of To come.

Till all the pack camt up, and cv'ry hound
Toic tUc fad huntfman, grov'liog on the ground.

AJd'Jan.

CAM

Ca'm EL. n.f. [mwc/w, Lat] An animal
very common in Arabia, Judea, and the
neighbouring countries. One fort it
large, and lull of fiedi, and fit to carry
burdens of a thoufand pounds weight,
having one bunch upon its back. An-
other have two bunches upon their
backs, like a natural faddle, and are
fit either for burdens, or men to tide
on. A third kind is leaner, and of a
fmaller fize, called dromedaries, be-
caufe of their fwiftnefs : which are ge-
nerally ufed for riding by men of qiu-
lity.

Camels have large folid feet, but not hard. Catneh
will continue tenor twelve days without eating or
drinking, and keep water a long time in their
ftomacb, for their rcfrclhrnent. CaJmct,

Patient of third and toil.
Son of the defart I even the camei feels,
Shot through his witiier'd heart, tlie fiery blaft.

tbcmfin.

Came'lopard. ». / [from camelas and
pardus, Lat.] An Abyflinian animal,
taller than an elephant, but not fo tluck.
He is fo named, becaufe he has a neck
and head like a camel ; he is fpotted
like a pard, but his fpots are white upon
a red ground. The Italians call him
giaraffa, Tre-voux,

Ca'mELOT.'} r rr ;i

f^ , > n.f, [from f ««!«.]

Ca mlet. S

1. A kind of ftufF originally made by a
mixture of filk and camels hair ; it is
now made with wool and filk.

This habit was not of camels ikin, nor any
coarfe texture of its hair, but rather fome fintr
weave of cameht, grograin, or the like ; inafmucli
as thefe ftufts are fuppofed to be made of the hair
of that animal. Brevin's f^utgarErrimn.

2. Hair cloth.

Meantime the pallor /hears their hoary beards.
And eafes of their hair the loaden herds:
Their MiBf/orj warm in tents the foldier hold.
And Ihield the (hiv'ring mariner from cold. Dryd.

CA'MERA OBSCURA. [Latin.] An op-
tical machine ufed in a darkened cham-
ber, fo that the light coming only thro'
a double convex glafs, objefts expofcd
to d.-iylight, and oppofite to the glafs,
are reprelentcd inverted upon any white
matter placed in the focus of the glafs.

Martin,

Ca'merade. n.f, [from camera, a cham-
ber, Lat.] One that lodges in the fame
chamber ; a bofom companion. 3y cor-
ruption we now ufe comrade.

Camerades with him, and confederates in his
dcf;gn. Rymtr.

Ca'merated. eidy, [cameratus, Lat.]
Arched ; roofed flopewife.

Camera'tion. n.f. [cameratio, Lat.] A
vaulting or arching.

Camisa'do. n.f. [camifa, a (hirt, Ital.
camifhtm, low Lat.] An attack made
by ioldiers in the dark ; on which oc-
cafion they put their ihirts outt\'ard, to
be feen by each other.

They had appointed the fame night, whofe
darknefs would have encreafcd the fear, to have
given a camijadc upon the Eiiglilh. HayzvarJ.

Ca'misated. adj. [from cami/'a, a Ihirt.]
Dre&d with the fhirt outward. .

Ca'.vslet.

-CAM

Ca'mlet. See CAMEtor.

He had on him a gown with wide (liCTJJ, of a
kind of water camlef, of an excetknt azure colour.

Baiort.

C a' u MOck. tr./. [caiTitnoc, Saxon; ono-
nis.] An herb ; C»e fame with feit^'
ivhiit, or reftharro'w.

Ca'm'omile. n. f. [anth/K.-s.] A flo\ver.

Camo'ys. a//j. [camns, Fr.] Flat; level;
deprefled. It is only nfed of the nofe.

Many Spaniards, of rile race of Barbaiy Moors,
though after frequent comniixtmc, have not worn
out ific camojfi nofe ur.to this day.

' BrozvtCi Vulgar Errourt*

CAMP. »./. \_camp, Fr. camp. Sax. from
campus, Lat.] The order of tents',
placed by armies when they keep the
field. We ufe the phiafe to fitch a camp,
to encamp.

From cairf to cBrr.p, through the foul womb of
night.
The hum <:>( either army ftilly founds. Shairj'f.

Next, to fccure our camp and naval pow'rs,
Raife an embattled wall with loft)' tow'rs, Poft.

7fl Camp. 'v. a. [from the noun ]

1 . To encamp ; to lodge in tents, for
hoftile pnrpofes.

Had our great palace the capacity
To camf thi> boft, we would all fup together.

&balic^ftare,

2. To camp ; to pitch a camp ; to fix tents.
Camp-figiit. n. f. An old word for

combat.

For tlicir trial by (amp-fght, the accufet »!as,
with the peril of his own body, to prove the se-
cured guilty ; and, by offering him his glove or
gantlet, to challenge him to this trial. Haknvill.

Campaign. \n,f, [campaigne, Fr. cam-
CAMPA'NU.] /a»/a, Ital.]

1. A large, open, level traft of ground,
without hills.

Id countries thinly inhabited, and efpecially in
Tail campcniai, there are few cities, befidea what
grow by the refidencc of Icings. TfrlkU,

Tbofe grateful groves, that Ihade the plain.
Where Tiber rolls majertic to the main.
And fattens, as he runs, the fair ctimpaign. Garth.

2. The time for which any army Iceeps the
field, without entering into quarters.

This might have hallencd hrs march, which
, woold have made a fair concIuCon of the cam-
paign, . Clarendon.
An Iliad tifing out of one campaign. MJifon.
C A M p a'n- I FO R M . aJj. [ofcampana, a beli,
Siad/oima, Lat.] A term ufed of flowers,
which are in the fhape of a bell. Harris.
Campa'nulate. at/J. The fame with

campaniform.
Campe'stral. adj. \campejlris, Lat.]
Growing in fields.

The mounuin beech is the whiteft; but the
campijlral, or wild beech, is blacker and more du-
rable. Morlimir,

Ca'mphire tree. n.f. [caiapiora, Lat.]

There are two forts of this tree ; one is a native
of the ifle of Borneo, from which the beft cam-
fhirt is talcen, which it fuppofed to be a natural
exfudation from the tree, produced io fiich places
where the bark of the tree has been wounded or
cut. The other fort is a native of Japan, which
Dr. Kcmpfer defcribes to be a kind of bay, bear-
ing black or purple berries, and from whence t!i':
inlialiitanti prepare their camphiri, by making a
finple d<:caOion of the root and wood of this tree,
cut into fmall pieces j but tliii fort of camptire is,
in value, eighry or an hundred times lefs than the
true Bornean ramphlrt. Milton.

It is oftencr ufed for the gom of this tree.

CAN

Ca'mphorate. adj. [from camphcra,
Lat.] Impregnated with camphire.

By ihal^ing the faline and carr.ph-.rate liquors
together, we eafity confounded them into one
high-coloured liquor. Brr^le.

Ca wpion. n.f. \lychnis, Lat.] A plant.

Ca'm t's. n.f. [probably fi-om camifa, Lat.]
A thin drefs mentioned by Spenfer.
And wis ydad, f -r heat of fcorching air.
All in fiiken camuiy lilly white,
Purflcd upon.with many a folded plight. Fairy ^.

Can*, n.f [canne. Sax.] A cup ; gene-
rally a cup made of metal, or fome other
matter than eanh.

I hate it as ;)n U"ifi..'d ran. Shaiejpeare.

One tree, the coca, kffordeth fluff for houfing,
clothing, fhipping, meat, drink, and can. Crtio.

His empty can, with ears half v/orn away.
Was hung on high, to boaft the triumph of the
day. Dryden.

To Can. i/. n. [kontien, Dutch. It is fome-
tlmes, though rarely, ufed alone ; but
is in conftant ufe as an expreffion of
the potential mood : as, I can do, thou
caitft do, I ceulddo, thoq ceuUefi 4o. It
has no other terminations.]

1 . To be able ; to have power.

In place there is licence to do good and evil,
whereof the latter is a curfe : for, in evil, the bell
condition is not to will ; the fecond, not to can.

Baccn.

O, there 's tlie wonder !

Mecaenas and Agrippa, who can raoft

With Cafar, are h!s foes. Dryden.

He can away with no company, whofe difcourfe

goes beyond what claret ind diffolutenefs infpires.

■ Locke.

z. It exprefles the potential mood; as, I
can do it.

It Ihe can make me bled ! ihe only can:
Empire and wealth, and all fhe brings belide.
Arc but the train and trappings of her love. Dryd,

3, It is dillinguidied from may, as poiver
jrom permi£toH ; I can do it, it is in my
power ; I may do it, it is allowed me :
but in poetry they are confounded.

4. Ca?t is ufed of tlie perfon w ith the rverb
aliive, where may is ufed of the thing,
with the -verb pajpve ; as, I can do it,
it may or can be done.

CANA'ILLE. n.f [French.] The lowf ft
people ; the dregs ; the lees ; the off-
I'couring of the people : a French term
of reproach.

Cana'l. //./. [canalis, Lat.]

1. A bafon of water in a garden.

The walks and lon^ ranah reply. Pcpe.

2. Any traft or courfe of water made by
art, as the canals in Holland.

3. [In anatomy.] A conduit or paffage
through which any of the juices of the
body flow.

Ca'nal-coal. «./ A kind of coal, dug
up in England.

Even our canal-coal nearly equals the foreign
jet. JVoodtvard.

CANALr'cut ATED. ac/j. [from canalicu-
latus, Lat.] Channelled ; made like a
pipe or gutter. D;V?.

Cana'ry. n.f. [from the Ca«ar)( iflands.]

1 . Wine brought from the Canaries, now
called fack. '

1 win t/> my honell knight Falllaff, and drink
canary with him. 1 think I lliall drink in pipe

wine kx& with him ; I'll make him dance. Shak.

2. An old dance.

CAN

To Caka'ry. •». a. A cant word, which
feems to fignify to dance ; to frolick.

Mafter, will you win your love with a French
brawl ?— How mean'lt thou, brawling in French i
—No, my compleat mafter ; but to jigg off a tune
at the tongue's end, canary to it with your feet,
humour it with turning up your eyelids. Shahjp.

Caka'ry bird. An excellent finging
bird, formerly bred in the Canaries,
and no where elfe ; but now bred in fe^
veral parts of Europe, particularly Ger-
many.

Of finging birds, they have linaets, goldfinches,
ruddocks, camiry h\rd%y blackbirds, thrufhes, and
di\ers other. Carezu.

To CA'NCEL. -J. a. [canceller, Fr. from
cancellis notare, to mark with crofs lines.]

1. To crofs a writing.

2. To efface ; to obliterate in general.

Now welcome night, thou night fo long expelled,
That long day's labour doth at laft defray.
And lA\ my cares which cruel love coiledled
Has fumm'd in one, and cancelled for aye. Spenfer,

Know then, I here forget all former griefs.
Cancel all grudge ; repeal thee home again. Shak.
Thou, whom avenging pow'rs obey.
Cancel my debt, too great to pay.
Before the fad accounting day. RofcimiKon,

1 pafs the bills, my lords.
For cancelling your debts. Southerne

Ca'ncbll AT BD. particip. adj. [from f^a-
cfL] Crofsbarred ; marked with liues
croiling each other.

The tail of the caftor is almoft bald, though
the beaft is very hairy ; and cancellated^ with
fome refemblance to the fcales of fiihes. Grswi
Cancella'tion. n.f. [ivomcancel.] Ac-
cording to Bartolus, is an expunging
or wiping out of the contents of an in-
ftrument, by two lines drawn in the
manner of a crofs. Ayliffe.

CA'NCER. n.f [cancer, Lat.]

1. A crabfifli.

2. The fign of the fummer folftice.

When now no more th' alternate Twins are fir'd.
And Cancer reddens with the folar blaze,
Short is thedoubtfulempireof the night. Thomfon.

3. A virulent fwelling, or fore, not to be
cured

Any of thefe three may degenerate into a fchir-
rus, and that fqhirrus into a cancer. H^ijcman,

As when a cancer on the body feeds,
And gradual death from limb to limb proceeds;
So does the chilnefs to each vital part
Spread by degrees, and creeps into the heart. AJdift
ToCa'ncerate. v.n. [fvcm cancer.] To
grow cancerous ; to become a cancer.

But ftriking his fift upon the point of a nail in
the wall, his hand canceratcdy he fell into a fever,
and fuon after died on't. VEJlrange.

Cancera'tion. n.f. [from cancerate,\

A growing cancerous.
Ca'ncerous. adj. [from cancer.] Having

the virulence and qualities of a cancer.

How they are to be treated when they are
ftrumous, fcliirrous, or cancermt, you may fee in

their proper place?. Wijeman.

Ca'ncerousness. n.f. [from cancerous.]

The ftate of being cancerous.
Ca'ncrine. «/^'. [from cancer.] Having

the qualities of a crab.
Ca'ndent. adj. [candens, Lat.] Hot; in

the higheft degree of heat, next to

fufion.

If a wire b« heated only at one end, according

as that end is cooled upward or downward, it re-

fpcfiively acquires a verticity, as we have declareij

in wires totally cendcnl, ' Sr<i^n~

CA'MDtCAWt,

CAN

6a'.vdic«st. udj. [ cattJictttii, Lat. T
Growing white ; whitifh, Di^.

CA'NDID. adj. [canJidus, Lat.]

1 . White. This fenfe is very rare.

'] he box receives all bUck ; buc, pour'd from
thmce,
The ftones came candid forth, the hue of inoo-
cence. Drydcn.

2. Free from malice ; not defirous to find
faults ; fair ; open ; ingenuous.

The import of the difcourfc will, for the moft
part, if thcie be no dcfigoed fallacy, fufficiently
lead candid and intelligent readers into the true
ineming of it. Loth.

A caadiJ ]vii%t. will read each piece of wit
With the fame fptrit that its author writ. Poft.
Ca*nd!Date. 7t.f. [candidaiusy'LvA.']
t, A competitor ; one that folicits, or pro-
pofes himfelf for, fomething of advance-
ment.

So many candidates there (land for wit,
A place at court is fcarce fo bard to get.

u^ttotymcus.

One would be furprifed to fee fo many candidetes
Tor glory. ^dJ':fin.

2. h has generally /<w before the thing
fought.

What could thus high thy ralh ambition ralfe '
Art thou, fond youth, a candidate f<tr praife? Pope.

3. Sometimes cf.

Thy firft-fruits of p«fy were giv'n
To make thyfelf a welcome inmate there,
While yet a young probationer,
Ani candidate of Uciv'n. Dryden.

Ca'n Di DLY. adv. [from candid.'] Fairly ;
without trick ; without malice ; inge-
nuoufly.

We bavc often defircd they would deal candidly
with us ; for if the matter ftuck only there, wc
•would propofe that every man fliould fwear, that
he is a member of the clnirch of Ireland, Sioift,

Ca'ndidness, ft./, [from candid."] Inge-
nuity ; opennefs of temper ; purity of
mind.

It prefently fees the guilt of a finful aftion ;
and, on the other fide, obferves the candidnefs of a
man's very principles, and the fmcerity of his in-
tentions. South.
STff Ca'n DI FY. 'V. a. \candifica, Lat.] To
make white ; to whiten. Di£l.
GA'NDLE. n.f. \_candeJa, Lat.]

1 . A light made of wax or tallow, fur-
rounding a wick of flax or .cotton.

. Here bums my cmdh out, ay, here it dies.

Which, while it laHed, gave king Henry light.

Sbakejpeare.
We fee that wax candhs hfl longer than tallow
candia, bccaufe wax is more firm and hard.

Bae-on's Naturjl flijiory.

Take a child, and fctting a candk before him,

you ihall find his pupil to contraft very much, to

exclude the light, with the brightnefs whereof it

would otberwifc be dazzled. Ray.

2. Light, or luminary.

By thefe blefi'd canditi of the niglit.
Had you been there, I think you would have begg'd
The ring of me, to give the worthy Joftor. Shak.
Ca'mdlebekrt tree. See Sweet-
willow ; of which it is a fpecies.
-Cakdleho'lder.. a./. \liQiD. candle &xtA
hold.]

1. He that holds the candle.

2. He tiiut remotely allilb.

i*: wantons, light of heart,
Tickle the fenlelcfs ruflies v.ith their heels ;
For I am proverb'd with a grandfirc phrafe,
Tn be a candieicfdet, and look on. Shaiiff/arr

Ca'n dle LIGHT, n.f. [from camile and

CAN

1. The light of a candle.

In dirkiiefs candlelight may ferve to guide men's
fteps, which to ufe in the day, were madnefs.

Hooker.
Before the day was done, her work (he fped.
And neve; went by rmdieligbt to bed. Dryd. Fab.
The boding owl
Steals from her private cell by night.
And flies about the candlelight. Siu'ifi.

Such as are adapted to mcaU, will indift'crcntly
ferve for dinners or fuppers, only dillinguiOiing
between daylight and candlelight. Stuift.

2. The necefiary candles for ufe.

I fliall find him coals and candlelight,

Molinevx to Lode.

Ca'ndlem AS. n.f. [from canJkzxid.mafs.]

The feaft of the Purification of the Bleffed

Virgin, which was formerly celebrated

with many lights in churches.

The harvcft dinners are held by every wealthy
man, or, as wc term it, by every good liver, be-
tween Michaelmas and Candlemat,

Carrw^s Survey of Cornwall.

There is a general tradition in moft parts of Eu-
rope, rhat inferrefh the coldnefs of the fucceeding
winter, upon Ihining of tlie Am upon Candlemas
day. Bronen^s Vulgar £rrours.

Come CandUmas nine years ago ihe died,
And now lies bury'd by the yew-tree fide. Gay.

Ca'ndlestick. n.f. [from candle and
ftick.] The inftrument that holds can-
dles.

The horJemen fit like fixed eandlifiicks.
With torch-ftaves in their hands ; and their poor

jades
Lob down their heads. Shakefpeare.

Thefe countries were once chriftian, and mem-
bers of the church, and where the golden candle.
/licks did ftand. Bacon.

I know a friend, who has converted the effays
of a man of quality into a kind of fringe for his
candlfjlicks. Addijon.

Ca'ndlestuff. n.f. [from candle and
fluff'] Any thing of which candles may
be made ; kitchen ftuff; greafe ; tallow.

By the help of oil, and wax, and (A.\\zr 'eaftdle-
fluff, the flame may continue, wd the wick not
burn. Bacon.

Candlewa'ster. n.f. {from candle and
<u;a/?f.] One that confumes candles ; a
fpendthrift.
Patch grief with proverbs, make misfortunes

drunk
With Cdndle^vaftirt, Shake/poire.

Ca'n DOCK. k./. A weed that grows in
rivers.

Let the pond lie dry fix or twelve montlK, both
to kill the water-weeds, as water-lilies, capdocks,
Tcatc, and bulrulhes ; and alfo, that as thefe die
for want of water, fo grafs may grow on thepond's
bottom. ff'alfon.

Ca'ndour. n.f. [cander, Lat.] Swcet-
nefs of temper ; purity of mind ; open-
nefs ; ingenuity ; kindnefs. '.

He IhouW have lb much of a natural candour and
fwcetncfs, mixed with all the improvement of learn-
ing, as might convey knowledge with a fort ot
gentle infmuacion> H'atts.

To Ca'ndy. f. a. [probably from can-
dare, a word ufcd in latet times for n
ivhitfn.]

I. To conferve with fugar, in fuch a
manner aj that the fugar lies in flakes,
or breaks into f^angles.

rihould the poi.r befl^tter'd?
No, let the candy'd tongue lick abfui'd pomp,
And crook the pregnant hinges of the'Itnee,
Where thrift may follow fawning, Shakefpenre.
They have in Turky coi\xaSMttiSiiat\acaidMit
conferees, made of fugar and lemons, or fugai and

CAN

citrons, or fugar and violets, and fome other flow-
ers, and mixture of amber. Baccn,

With candy'd plantancs and the juicy pine.
On choiccft melons and fweet grapes they diae. .

ffW/rr.

2. To form into congelations.

Will the cold brook,
CanSied with ice, cawdle thy moroiog toaft.
To cure thy o'er-night's furfeit f Sbakefpearu

3. To incruft with congelations.

Since when thofe froAs chat winter brings,

Which candy every green.
Renew us like the teeming fprings.

And we thus frefli arc fccn. Diayion,

7*0 Ca'ndy. 1;. ». To grow congealed^
Ca'h oir Litin's/bot, [cataaurice. Lit.] A
plant. Miller.

CANE. n./. [canna, Lat.]

1. A kind of ftrong reed, of which walk-
ing flaffs are made ; a walking ftaff.

Shall I to pleafc anotlicr wine fprung mind
Lofe all iTiine own i Cod hath given me anieafurs
Short of his cane and body : mud I find
A piu'n in that wherein he finds a pleafure ? Uerbertf

The king thrult the captain from him with his
cane; whereupon he took his leave, and went
home. Harvey*

If the poker be out of the way, or broken, ftir
the fiie with your mafter's care. Swift*

2. The plant witich yields the fugar.

This cane or reed grows plentifully both in the
JCaft and Weft laiica. Other rveds have their
ik;n hard and dry, and their pulp void of juice £
but the flcin Of the fugar ccne is foft. It ufualty
grows four or five feet high, and about h:tlf an
inch in diameter. The Rem or flalk is divided
by knots a toot and a half apart. At the tup it
puts forth long green tufted leaves, from the mid-
dle of which arifc the flower and the feed. They
ufually plant them in pieces cut a foot and a half
below the top of the flower ; and they are ordi.
narily ripe m ten months, at which time they are
found qorte full of a white fucculcnc marrow,
whence is exprefled the liquor of which fugar ia
made. Cham'^ers,

And the fweet liqoor on the cant beftow,
Piotn which prcpar'd the lufcious fugars flow.

Blaekmore,

3. A lance ; a dart made of cane : whence
the Spanifli inego de caimas.

Akcnamar, thy youth thefe fports has known.
Of which thy age is now fpeftator grown j
Judge-like thou fitt'ft, to praife or to arraign
The flying ilcirmiih of the parted cane, Drydcn,

4. A reed.

Food may be afibrded to bees, by fmall cants or
troughs conveyed into their hives.

fidbr timer s Hufbandry,

To Cane. <v. a, [from the noun.] To
beat with a walking Xlaft".

Cani'cular. /2^^'. \_canicul(*ris,h&t.] Be-
longing to the dog-ftar ; as, canicular,
or dog-days. .

In regard to ^i^ereut latitudes, unto fome the
canicular days are in the winter, »i unto fuch as
are.ui^cr the equincillal lip.c ; lor unto them the
dog-ilar arilcth, wb«n the tun is about the tropick
of Cancer, which fcafon unto them is winter.

Brown's I'algar Errturs.

CAni'NE. adj. [caninus, hAl.]

1. Having the properties of a dog.

A kind ot" women are made up of canine par-
ticks t thefe are fcolds, who imitate the animals
out of which tlicy were taken, always bufy and
barking, and fnati at every one titat comes in their
way. Addifcn,

2, Canine hunger, in medicine, is an ap-
petite which cannot be fatisiied.

It may occafion an exorbitant appetite of ufual
things, which they will take in luch quantities,
till thoy-vemit-ftem up like dtjE; from whence it
is called canine, Arkathnot.

Ca'nister

iC A N

Ca'nistkr. «. /. [canjfirum, hit.}

1. A fmall bafket.

White lilies in full canijleri they tring,
With all the glories of the purple I'pring, Drydrn.

2. A fmall veflel in which any thing, fuch
as tea or coffee, is laid up.

CA'NKER. n.f. icancer, Lat. It feems
to have the fame meaning and original
with cancer, but to be accidentally writ-
ten with a k, when it denotes bad qua-
lities in a lefj degree ; or canker might
come from chancre, Fr. and cancer from
the Latin.

1. A worm that preys upon and deftroys
fruits.

And loathful idlencfs he doth dctefl:,
The cankir worm of every gentle breail. Sfttifcr.

That which the locuft hath left, bath the canktr
worm eaten. J^^y >• 4*

Yet writers fay, as in the fweeteft bud
The eating canier dwells ; fo eating love
Inhabits in the fincftwlts of all. Shak''fpeare,

A hufiing, (hining, ftatt'ring, cringing ct^w*"!,
A canker worm of peace, was raised above him.

Olway.

2. A fly that preys upon fruits.

There be of flies, caterpillars, canker flies, and
bear flies. tValion't Angler.

3. Any thing that corrupts or confumes.

It is the canker and ruin of many men"$ ertates,
wbich, in procefs of time, breeds a publicic poverty.

Bacon.

Sacrilege may prove an eating canker, and a con-
fuming moth, in the eftate that we leave them.

jilierliiitj.

No longer live the cankers of my court j
All to your feveral ftates with fpced refort j
Walle in wild riot what your land allows.
There ply the early feaft, and late caroufe. Pipe.

4. A kind of wild worthlefs rofe ; the
dogrofe.

To put down Richard, that fwect lovely rtjfc.
And plant this thorn, this canker, Boliogbroke.

Sbaiefpeare.

Draw a cherry with the leaf, the fliatt of a
ftccple, a fingle or canker rofe. Feacbam.

5. An eating or corroding humour.

1 am not ghd, that fuch a fore of time
Should fcelc a plaiAer by a contenm^d revolt.
And heal th' inveterate canker of one wound
By making many, Shakiffearc.

6. Corrofion ; virulence.

As with age his body uglier grows,
So his mind with cankers, Sbakeffteare.

7. A difeafe in trees. Dt<3,
y^CA'NKER. 'u. ». [from the noun.]

I. To grow corrupt : implying fomething
renoroous and malignant.

That cunning architedl of cankered guile,
Whixn princes late difpleafure lelt in bands,
For falfed letters, and fuborned wile. Fairj Siuten.

I will lift the down-trod Mortimer
As high i' th' air as tills unthankful king.
As this ingrate and miiiicrVBoiingbroke, Shakeff.

Or what the crois dire looking planet fmite.
Or hurtful worm with canker'd venom bite. Milt.

To fonie new clime, or to thy native fliy,
Oh fricndiefa and forfakcn virtue ! fly :
The Indian air is deadly to thee grown i
Deceit and canhr'il malice ru!e thy throrc. Cry J.

Let envious jealoufy and eanker'tl fpite
Produce my actions to feverrft light,
And utx my open day or frcret night. Pricr.

~*. To decay by fome corroiive or deA;uc-
tive principle.

Silvering wil fully and eanfer more than gild-
ing j which, if it might be correiled with a little
miiture of gold, will be profitable. Bann,

Ta Ca'nkbr. -v. a.
i. To corrupt ; to corrode.
Voi,.l.

CAN

Reftore to God his due in tithe and tln.e :
A tithe purloin'd cankers the whole efiatc. Hcrhcrt.

t. To infeft ; to pollute.

An houeft man will enjoy himfelf better in a
moderate fortune, that is gained with honour and
reputation, than in an nvergiowH eftate, that is
cankered with the ac<]uiritions of rapine and cx-
adVion. Addijon.

Ca'ukekbit. farticip. etc//, [from canter
and bit.l .Bitten with an envenoned
tooth.

Know, tliy name is loft.
By treafon's tooth baregnawn and cjnhrbit. Shai.

Ca'nnabine, adj. ^cannaiinits, Lat.]
Hempen. Did.

Ca'n n' I b a l . ». y. An anthropophagite ;
a man-eater.

The cannibaU themfelves eat no man's flefli of

thofc that die of themfelves, but of fuch as arc

(lain. Bacon.

They were little better than cannibals, who d'

hunt one another ; and he that hatU moft ftrcngch

and fwiftnefs, doth eat and devour all his fUows.

Davits en Ireland.

It was my hint to fppak.

Of the cannibals that each other cat ;

The anthropophagi. Shakfepeare.

The captive cannibal, oppreft with chains.
Yet braves his foes, reviles, provokes, difdains j
Of nature fierce, untameable, and proud.
He bids defiance to the gaping crowd ;
And fpent at laft, and fpeechlefs, as he lies.
With fiery glances mocks their rage, and dies.

Crar.ville.
If an eleventh commandment had been given,
Thou flialt not eat human fleih j would not thefc
cannibals have eftcemed ic more difficult than all
the reft ? Bemley.

Ca'nnibally. art'i'. [from canitibal.'] In
the manner of a cannibal.

Before Corioli, he fcotcht him and notcht him
like a carbonado. — Had he been cannibal!)' given,
he might have broiled and eaten him too. Skaktfp.
Ca'nnipers. n.f. [corrupted from calli-
pers ; which fee.]

The fquarc i^ taken by a pair of cannipers, or

two rulers, clapped to the fide of a tree, mealuring

the diftance between them. Mortimer's Hufbandry.

CA'NNON. «./. [^cannon, Fr. from canna,

Lat. a pipe, meaning a large tube.]

1. A great gun for battery.

2. A gun larger than can be managed by
the hand. They are of fo many fizes,
that they decreafe in the bore from a
ball of forty. eight pounds to a ball of
five ounces.

As cannons overcharged with double cracks,
So they redoubled llrokcs upon the foe. Shakrfp.

He had left all the cannon he had taken ; and
now he fent all iiis great cannm to a garrifon.

Clarendon.

The making, or price, of thefe gunpowder in-
ftruments, is extremely cxpenfive, as may beeafiiy
judged by the weight of their m.iterials ; a whole
cannon weighing commonly eight thoufand pounds j
a half cannon, five thoufand ; a culverin, four
thoufand five hundred \ a dcmi-culverin, three
thoufand ; which, whether it be in iron or brafs,
muft needs be very coftly. H^tlkir.i.

Cannon-ball.

Cannon-bullet

Cannon-shot.

which are (hot from great guns

He reckons thofc for wounds that arc made by
bullets, although it be a cannon-Jh'it.

IViJeman^s Surgery.

Let a cannm-bullet pafs through a room, it muft

ftrike fucceflTively the two fides of the room. Lockt.

7» Cannon a'de. f. a. [from cannon.}

To play the great guns ; to batter or

attack with great guns.

itiy. kt^ilkir.i.

1 n.f. [from cannon,
. > ball, bullet, and

3 jhot.} The balls

CAN

Both armies cannimadei all the cnfuing day.

Tatler.

To Cannona'de. 'u. a. To fire upon

with cannon.
Cannoni'er. ».y; [from ffl«»on.] The

engineer that manages the cannon.

J Give me the cups ;
And let the kettle to the trumpets fpeak.
The trumpets to the cannonier without.
The cannons to the hcav'ns, the heav'ns to earth.

Shakespeare.

A third was a moll excellent cannonier, whoie

good (kill did much endamage the forces of tht

king. Hayvoard,

Ca'n NOT. A word compounded of can
and »or ; noting inability.

1 cannot but believe many a child can tell twen-
ty, long before he has any idea of infinity at all.

Locke.

CA^■o'A.') n.f. A boat made by tutting
Canoe', j the trunk of a tree into a
hollow veflel.

Others made rafts.of wood ; others devifed the
bout of one tree, called the canoa, which the Gauls,
upon the Rhone, ufed in aflifting the tranfpdrta-
tion of Hannibal's army. Kaleigbm

\n a war againft Semiramis, they had four
thoufand monoxyla, or canoes of one piece of
timber. Arbuthnot on Coins,

CA'NON. n.f. [x<i»^,.]

1 . A rule ; a law.

The truth is, they are rules and canons of Khif.
law, which is written in all men's hearts; thft
church had for ever, no iefs than now, ftood bound
to obferve them, whether the apoflle had men-
tioned them, or no«- Hooker,

His books are almoft the very mbou to judge
both dodtrine and difcipline by. Hooker,

Religious canons, civil laws, are cruel ;
Then what (hould war be ? Shakejpeare,

Canons in logick are fuch as thefe: every part
of a divlfion, fingly taken, muft contain Iefs than
the whole J and a definition mull b- peculiar and
proper to tlie. thing defined. IVatts,

2. The laws made by eccleliaftical coun-
cils.

Conon law is that law, Vhich is made and or-
dained in a general council, or provincial fynod,
of the church. Ayliffe,

Thefe were looked on as Ispfed perfons, and
great feverities of penance wereprefcribed them by
the canons of Ancyra. iiiilHngftect,

3. The books of Holy Scripture ; or the
great rule.

Canon alfo denotes thofe books of Scripture^
which are received as infpired and canonical, to
diftinguilh them from either profane, apocryphal,
or difputed books. Thus we fay, that Gencfs is
part of the facred canon of the Scripture. AytiWe,

\. A dignitary in cathedral churches.

For deans and canons, or prebends, of cathedral
churches, they were of great ufe in the church j
they were to be of counfel witli the bilhop for his
revenue, and for his government, in caufes eccle-
fiaftical. Bacon,

Swift much admires the place and air,
And longs to be a canon there.
A canon / that's a place too mean :
No, doftor, you fliall be a dean j
Two dozen canons round your flail.
And you the tyrant o'er them all. Stvift.

5. Canons Regular, Such as are placed in
monafteries. Ayliffe,

6. Canons Secular. Lay canons, who have
been, as a mark of honour, admitted in-
to forae chapters.

y. [Among chirurgeons.] An inflrument
ufed in fcwing up woujids. DiS.

8. A large fort of printing letter, pro-
bably fo called from being firft uled in
printing a book of canons ; or perhaps
■ L 1 from

CAN

CAN

from hs fize, and therefore properly I CA'NOPY. »./ [canofeum, low Lttt.'] A

written cannon,
Ca'non BIT. «. /. That part of the bit
let into the horle's mouth.

A goodly pcrfon, and could manage fair
His ftubborn (lecvl with ca^6n bit.
Who under him did trample as the »r. Sfrnjtr.

Ca'noness. »./. [caKj^i^, low Lat.]

There are, in popidi counuiej, women they tail
fecular canmejit, living after the example of (ecu
lar canons. Ay'-jf'-

Cano'njcal. adj. \canouicus, low X<at.]
1. According to the canon.
a. Conftituting the canon.

Public readings tlicre are of bocks and wr;t-
ings, not catxmictt, wiiereby the church doth »lfo
preach, or openly make known, the doctrine of
virtuous cODverfation. }li(,^tr.

No fuch book was fount) ^mongft thofe cammcal
fcrlptures. Raleigh.

3 Regular ; ftated; fixed by ecclefiaftical

laws.

Seven times in a day do I praife thee, faid David :
from this definite number feme ages ol the church
took their pattern tor their caitotiUai hours. TayUr-

4. Spiritual ; ecclefiaftical ; relating to
the church.

York anciently ha.l a metropolitan jurifdiflion
over all the bifliops of Scotland, from whom tlicy
had their confecration, and to whom they fwore
unciiicisi obedience. Ay/ife.

Cano'nicallv. aJ-v. [from canomcaL]
In a manner agreeable to the canon.

It is a known ttory of the friar, who, on a

fading day, bid his capon be caip, and then very

catsaikally eat it. Gmcrnmni oftht tor.gut.

Cano'nic ALNESS. »./. [itom canonical.']

Th» quality of being canonical.
Ca'nonist. n. f. [from canoit."] A man
veried in the ecclefiaftical laws ; a pro-
feiTor of the canon law.

John Hlhcr, biHiop of Rochefler, when the
Icing would have tranflatcd him from tliat poor
biflioprick, he rcfufcd, faying, he would not for-
fake his poor little old wife ; thinking of the fif-
teenth canon of the Nicene council, and that of the
CBnomJis, Matrmomum inter ef'tfccfum & ecc/ijium
iji coKtracium, &e. Camden's RtrtMir.s.

Of whole liiaoge crimes no cencmft can tcil
Inwhatcummandment's large contents they dwell.

P!,p,.
CanOnIZa'tiON. n. f. [from canonize.]
The aft of declaring any man a faint.

It is very fufpicirus, that the intcrtfts of parti-
cular families, or churches, have too great a fway
in cammaiaticns. jidcajon.

To Ca'nonize. t. a. [from cation, to
put into the canon, or rule for obferv-
mg fefiivals.] To declare any man a
faint.

The king, defircas to bring into the houfe of
Ljncafter celcrtial honour, became fuitrr to pope
Julius, to eancniiu king Hcury VL for a faint.

Bacaii.

Bjr thofe hymns all Ihall approve
Us crtMw/asVfor love. Vannc.

They have a pope too, who hath the chief care
of religion, and of camnixing whom he thinks fit,
and thence have the honour of faintj. StlUhigfcet.

Ca'nonry. 1 M. /. [from f ««»».] An
Ca'nonship. 5 ecclefiaftical benefice in
fome cathedral or collegiate church,
which has a prebend, or a ftated allow-
ance out of the revenues of fuch church,
commonly annexed to it. Ayiiffe.

Ca'nopied. fl.^'. [from f<JBfl/>y.] Covered
with a canopy.

I fat me d:!wn to watch upon abanic,
Wiihi/yCiiuo^^V, and intcr*ovt
With ilauating baaeyfuckic> MiUt:

covering of llate over a throne or bed ; a
covering fpread over the head.

She is there brough t unto a paled green.
And pl^iced under a {lately canopy.
The warlike feats of both thofe knights to fee.

Fairy ^tm.

^ow fpi-ead the night her fpangled canopy.
And fummon'd every reftlcfs eye to fteep. Vairfiix,

Nor will the raging fever's fire abate
With golden cancfks, and beds of (late. Drydtn.

To Ca'nopy. <K. a. [from the noun. J To
cover with a canopy.

The birch, the -myrtle, and the bay,

Like friends did all embrace;
And their large branches did difplay

To canfy the place. Dryicn,

Ca'norous. adj. \canoTtt$, Lat.] Mufi-
cal ; tuneful.

Bitds that are moft canorom, and whofe notes we
moil commend, are of little throats, and fliort.

Brotvn's Vulgar Erroun.

CANT. a./, [probably from cantus, Lat.
implying the odd tone of voice ufed by
vagrants ; but imagined by fome to be
corrupted from quaint.]

1. A corrupt dialeft ufed by beggars and
vagabonds.

2. A particular form of fpeaking, peculiar
to fome certain dais or body of men.

I write not always in the proper terms of niivi-
gation, land feivice, or in the cant of any profclfion.

Drydtn.

If we would trace out the original of that fla-
grant and avowed impiety, which has prevailed
among us for fome years, »c fhould find, that it
owes its rife to that cant and hypocrify, which
had taken pod'efiion of the people's minds in the
times of the great rebellion, jiddifcni Freebaldcr.

Aftrologers, with an old paltry cant, and a few
pot-hooks for planets, to anuife the vulgar, have
too long been fullered to abufe the world,

Sivifi's PrediSliomfer the Tear 1701.

A few general rules, with a certain ctf/rr of words,
has fometimcs fet up an illiterate heavy writer for
a moft judicious and formidable critick.

yiddtfon's SpfHator,

3. A whining pretenfion to goodnefs, in
formal and affefled terms.

Of promife prodig^il, while pow'r you want.
And preaching in the fcif-denying cant.

Vrjden*i Aurcngsiebe.

Barbarous jargon.

The nfftftjtion of fome hte.aothors, to intro-
duce and multiply cum words, is the moft nfinous
corruption in any language. Sivift.

5, Auftion.

Numbers of thefe tenants, or their dcfcendants,
are nov/ offering to fell their leafes by cant, even
thofe which were for lives, Hitiift.

To Cant. 'v. n. [from the noun.] To
talk in the jargon of particular pro-
feffions ; or in any kind of formal, af-
fcfted language ; or with a peculiar and
ftudied tone of voice.

Men cajii about materia and forma ', hunt chi-
meras by rules of art, or drcls up ignorance in
words of bulk or found, wKiih may ftop up the
mov>th of enquiry. 1 ' ' Clan-a'itle.

Tkat uijcouth aflfcfled garb of fpeech, or cai.i ng
language la'Jicr, if I may fo call it, which tliey
have of late taken up, is the fignal dillin£lian and
charaflciiftical note of that, which, in that their
new language, they cill tlie godly f arty. SanJerfin.

The bufy, fubtile ferpenta of the law
Did firft my mind from true obedience draw ;
While I did limits to the king prefcribe.
And took for oracles \\\^t canting tribe. R(/fccm>non.

Un/kill'd in fchemcs by planets to fotelKo\i,
Like canting rafcals, bow the wai* will go. - ''

% Drydtn' i 'Juvtiul.

CAN

CANTA'TJ. n.f. [Ital,] A fong.

Canta'tion. n.f. [from canto, Lat.]
The aft of finging.

Ca'nter. n. f. [from cant.] A term of
reproach for hypocrites, who talk for-
ma llyof religion, without obeying it. '

CaNTEP-BURY bells. SepBELFLOWER.

Canterbury GALLOP. [Inhorfeman-
fhip] The hand gallop of an ambling
horfe, commonly called a canter ; faid
to be derived from the monks riding
to Canterbury on eafy ambling horfes.

CANTHA'RWES. n.f. [Latin.] Spanidi
flies, ufed to r.aife blifters.

The flics, cantbarida, are bred of 3 worm, or
caterpillar, but peculiar to certain fruit trees ; a>
are the fig-tree, t"he pine-tree, and the wild brier }
all which bear fwcet fruit, and fruit that hath a
kind of fccret biting or Iharpnefs : for the fig
hath a milk in it that is fweet and corrofne ;
the pire apple hath a kernel that is 5rong and
abrterfivc. Bacon's Natural H-Jicry.

CA'NTHUS. n.f [Latin.] The corner
of the eye. The internal is called tli«
greater, the external the lefler canthus.

^uincy.
A gentlewoman ^vas feized with an inflam-
mation and tumour in the great canthus, or angle
of her eye. f^ijeynan*

Ca'nticle. n.f. [from Mw/ff, Lat,] A
fong : ufed generally for a fong in fcrip-
ture.

This right of eflate, in fome nations, is yet
mote fignificantly exprelTcd by Mofes in his canti-
cles, in theperfon of God to the Jews.

Bacon's IJoly ff'jr.

Canti'livers, n. /. Pieces of wood
framed into the front or other fides of
an houfe, to fuftain the moulding and
eaves over it, Moxon's Mecb. Exercijes,

Ca'ntion. n.f. [^cantio, Lat.] Song;
verfes. Not now in ufe.

In . the eighth eclogue the fame pcrfon Wi(»
brought in finging a caution of Collin's making.
SpenJ. Kal. Git.

CA'NTLE, n. f. [iant, Dutch, a corner ;
efchantiilon , Fr. a piece.] A piece with
corners. ' ■ Skinnti'.

S:i how this river eomes, me crinkling in,
And cuts me from the beft of all my land
A huge half-moon, a nionflrous f<i»f/c our.

Shaleff care's H,nry IV.

To Ca'ntle. "v. a. [from the noun.] To
cut in pieces.

For four times talking, if one piece thou take.
That muil be cantted, and the judge go fn;i;k.

Dry den's ywuenaU

Ca'ntlet. »._/! [hom cantlt.] Apiece;
a fragment.

Nor ihicid nor armour can their force oppofc j
Huge canttcts of his buckler ftrew the ground.
And no defence in his bor'd arms is found. Dryd,

CA'NTO. n.f. [Ital.] A book, or feftion,
of a poem.

Why, what would you do ?
.—Make a willow c.ibbin at your gate,
And call upon my foul within the houfe;
Write loyal ^iinrw of contemned love.

Sbakefpeare't Twelfth Nigii-

CA'NTON. '»./ '

1. A fmall parcel or divifion of land.

Only that little canton of land, called the Eng-
lilh pale, containing four fmall /hires, did maintain
a bordering war with the Irifh, and retain the form
of Englifh government. Davies*

2. A fmall community, or clan.
The flme is the cafe of rovers l>y land ; fuch.

CAN

CAP

CAP

»» yet, we foroe urtom in ArabiSi and fome petty

kings of the mountains aiJi»«ntto ftraitsand way?

Saccn's Hc!y War

To Ca'nton. v. a. [from the noun.] To
divide into little parts.

Families rtiall i, .it all fubjeflion to him, and
cOriUn hii empire inco Icfs governments for thcm-
felves. Lsilii.

It would certainly be for the good of mankind,
to have all the mighty empires and monarchies
of the worW canlmedout into petty ftates and prin-
cipalities. Mififon on Italy.

The late king of Spain, reckoning it aii in-
dignity to have his territories (anrtied out into
parcels by other princes, during his own life, and
without his conlfnc, rather chofc to bequeath the
monarchy entire Co a younger fon of France. Siv:/:.

They canttn out to themfclves a little province
in the intclle^ual world, where they fancy the
light Ihines, and all the rell is in darknefs.

H'atti an the Mir.d,

To Ca'ntonize. I", a. [ from f ««/»«.] To
parcel out into fmall divillons.

Thus was all Ireland r<!ijM<i/»fi/ among ten per-
fons of the Englilh nation. Davies tin Ireland.

The whole f.'reft was in a manner cantonixed
amongft a very few in number, of whom fome had
regal rights. . > Hvwet.

Ca'ntred. tk'yi The fame in Wales as
an hundred i^ England. For cantre, in
the Britifti language, fignifieth an hun-
dred. Cotvell.
The king regrants to him JHl that province,
referving only the city of Dublin, and the canlrcdt
neit aijoioing, with the maritime towns.

DavUs en Ireland.

CA'NVASS. n.f. [canevas, Fr. cannabis,
Lat. hemp.]

1. A kind cf linen cloth woven for feveral
ufes, as fails, painting cloths, tents.

The mafter commanded forthwitli to fet on all
the cairvufi they could, and fly homeward. Sidney.

And eke the pens, that did his pinions bind,
Were like main yard* with flying cam/aft lin'd,

Sfenpr.

Their eanvafi eaftles up they quickly rear,
And btild a city in an hour's fpace. Fairfax,

Where'er thy navy fprcads her canvaji wings.
Homage to thee, and peace to all, flic brings.

Waller.

With fuch kind paflton haftei the prince to
fight.
And fpreads his flying caimafs to the found ;
Him whom no danger, were he there, could fright.
Now abfent, every little noife can wound. Drydin.

Thou, Kneiler, long with noble pride.
The foremoft of thy art, haft vied
With nature in a generous ftrifc.
And touch 'd the eanvafi into life* Addijon.

2. The aft of fifting voices, or trying
them previoufly to the decifive aft of
voting, [from caava/s, as it fignilics a
fieve.]

Th're be that can pack cards, and yet cannot
play well : fo thcrj arc fome that are g'ldd in can'
vajfei and faAions, that are otherwif- weak men.

Bacon.

To Ca'nvass. 'V. a. [Skinner derives it
from cannabajfcr, Fr. to beat hemp ;
which being a very laborious employ-
ment, it is ufed to fignify, to fearch di-
ligently into.]

1. 'i'o fit't ; to examine, [from canvafs,
a Draining cloth.]

1 have made cireful fearch r>n all hands and
tanvajjed the matter with all poflible d li^erce.

WMdtviird,

2. To debate ; to di'cnfi.

The curs d fcovered a raw hide in the bottom
of a river, and lai^t their leads together how to
come at it ■■ thej' camtfiJl^ matter ouc way and

t'other, and concluded, that the way to get it, was
-to drink their way to it. L'EJlratige.

'<? Ca'nvass. -v. n. To folicit ; to try
votes previoufly to the decifive aft.

Elizabeth being to refolve-upon an officer, and

being, by fome that canva[jed for others, put in

fome doubt of that perfon flie meant to advance,

faid, fhe was like one with a lanthorn feeking a

man. Bacon,

This cnmeol canva^ng, or foliciting, for church

preferment, is, by the canon law, called fimnny.

Aylifei Parergcn,

Ca'nv. aJj, [from cane,"]

1. Full of canes.

2, Confiding of canes.

But in his way lights on the barren plains
Of Sericana, where Chinefes drive.
With fails and wind, tlieir cany waggons light.

Mikcn.

Ca'nzonet. n, /, \cansu)nttta,\tz\.'\ A
little fong.

Vecchi was moft plealing of all others, for his
conceit and variety, as well his madrigals as can-
xonets, Pcacham,

CAP. n. /. [cap, Wellh ; csppe. Sax.
cappe. Germ, cappe, Fr. cappa, Ital.
capa. Span, kappe, Dan. and Dutch ;
caput, a head, Latin.]

1 . The garment that covers the head.

Here is the cap your worihip did befpeak.— •
—Why, this was moulded on a porringer,
A velvet dilh. Shakcff/are'i Taming tte Strcn.

1 have ever held my caft ofl^to thy fortune.—
•—Thou haft ferv'd me with much faith, iitai.
Firft, lolling floth in woollen caf.
Taking her afier-dinner nap. Sivift,

The cap, the whip, the mafculine attire,
For which they roughen to the fenfc.

Tbomfcn^s Autumn,

2. The enfign of the cardinalate.

Henry the FJfih did fometimes prophefy,
ir once he came to be a cardinal.
He 'd make his cap coequal with the crown.

Sbakclfteare^s Henry VI.

3. The topmoft ; the higheft.

Thou art the cap of all the fools alive.

Shaiefpeare^f timon.

4. A reverence made by uncovering the
bead.

They more and lefs came in with cap and knee,
Met htm in boroughs, cities, villages.

Sbahfpeare's Ilcnry IV.

Should the want of a cap or a cringe fo mor-
tally difcompofe him, as we find afterwards it
did. L'EJirange.

5. A veflel made like a cap.

It is obfcrved, that a barrel or cap, whofe ca-
vity will contain eight cubical feet of air, will
not ferve a diver above a quarter of an bour.

Wikins.

6. Cap of a great gun. A piece of lead
laid over the touch-hole, topreferve the
prime.

7. Cap 0/ maintenance. One of the regalia
carried before the king at the corona-
tion.

To Cap.i'. a, [from the noun.]

1. 'I'o cover on the top.

T'e bones 1 ext t'. e jiint are capped with a
fmvith cartilaginous fubfrance, fervij.g both to
ttr'-ngth anl motioi. Derham.

2. To deprive of the cap.

I» one, Dv aniilt-.erccafiiM, take any thing from
another, as boy, fometimes ufc to cap one another,
the fam' is f>ralght felony. Spenfer on Ireland.

3. To cap ■verjes. To name alternately
verfes beginning with a particular let-
ter ; to name in, oppolition or em Na-
tion ; to name aktrnajely in conteft.

Where Henderfon, and th' ottier manej,
Were fent to cap tex s, and put cafes. Hudilrajt,

Sure it is a pitiful pretence to ingenuity tiat

can be thus kept up. there being little need of' a .y

other faculty but memory, to be able to cap e ts,

Conjcrntncnt of tbeT'^n^uc.

There is an author of ours, whom I w^uld di lire
him to read, before he ventures at capping cha as-
ters. Jltf''litr\',

Cap a pe. \ [cap a pi'i, Fr.] From head
Ca p a pie. j to foot ; all over.

A figure like your fither,
Arm'd at all points exa^Jily, cip a pe.
Appears before them, and," with folemn march.
Goes flow and (lately by them. Shatefp. Ilamlet.
There for the two contending knights he font ;
Arm'd cnp a pie, with rev'rencc low tlicy bent.

Dryden,
A woodloufe,
.That folds up itfelf in itfelf for a houfe.
As rsund as a ball, without head, without tail,
Inclos'd cap a pe \n n rtrong coat of mail. S'wiff*

Cap-paper. A fort of coarfe browuilh

paper. So called from being formed

into a kind of <;a/ to hold comaiodities.

Having, for trial lake, filtered it through cap-

^dftr, there remained in tho- fiitre a powder. B'yle.

Capabi'lity. n,/, [from capable, '\ Ca-
pacity; the quality of being capable.

Sure he that made us with fuch large difcouife.
Looking before and after, gave us not
That capab'd-.ty and godlike reafon
To ruft in us unus'd. Sbakcfpeare,

CA'PABLE. adj, [capable, Fr.]

1. Sufficient to contain; fufficiently 'capa-
cious.

When we confider fo much of that fpace, as !a
equal to, or capahte to receive a body of any aflictncj
dimenfions. Loike,

2. Endued with powers equal to any par-
ticular thing.

To fay, that the more capable, or the better
deferver, hath fuch right to f,overn, as he may
compulforily bring under the lefs worthy, is idle.

Saccn,

When you he ir any porfoii give his judgment,
conlider with yourfelf whether he be a capable
judge. Watts.

3. Intelligent ; able to underftand.

Look you, how pale he glares;
His form and caufe conjoin'd, pre.^ching to ftones',
Would make them capable. Sbairjpearr's Hamlet.

4. Intelleftually capacious ; able to re-
ceive.

I am much bound to God. that he hath endued
you with one coptihle of the beft inrtruftions.

Digby,

5. Sufceptible.

The loul, immortal fubflance, to remain
Confciou, of joy, and capable of pain. Prior,

6. Qualified for ; without any natural im-
pediment.

There is no man that believes the goodnefs of
God, but muft be inclined to thi.nk, that he hath
made fome things for as long a duration as they
ar'- capable i.f. Tilhtfon.

7. Qualified for ; without legal impedi-
ment.

Of my land.
Loyal and natural b.'y ! I'll work the means
T'o make thee capable. SbakeJ'pcare^s King Lear,

8. It has the particle of before a noun.

Wriat fecrei fprlng-i their eager pailions move.
How capable nf ear 1 for injor'd hve ! Dryd. l^irg,

9. Hollow. This fenl'e is not now in ufe.

Lean but op 'n a ruHl,
The cicatrice, and capable impr-irnrc,
Tli; ?alro fame mom nu keeps. Shak, As you like it,
Ca'pablEn ES.s. «./. [fronv capable.'^ 'I'lie
quality or ft.ite ol being ciip ible ; know-
ledge ; umlerllanding ; power of mind.
L 1 2 CAPA'CIOUS.

CAP

CAPA'CIOUS. adj. [capax, Lat.]

1 . Wide ; large ; able to hold much.

Beneath th' inccfTant werping of thafe draiat
I fee the rocky fiphons ftrctch'd immcnfe.
The mighty referroirs of hardened chalk
Or Aiff compafled clay, cafamui found.

th:ivjcni AutuBin,

2, Extenfive ; equal to much knowledge,
or great defign.

There are fume perfons of a good genius, and
a eafaciout mind, who write and fpeak very ob-
fcureljr. IVatis.

Capa cioustiESS. n.f. [from capacious.^
The power of holding or receiving ;
largenefs.

A concave meafure, of known and denominate
capacity, ferves to meafure the cepaCKtifnefs of any
cihcr vcffcl. In like manner to a given weight the
weight of all other bodies may be reduced and fo
found out. Holder on Tm(.

Ti Capa'citate. v, a. \{Tomeapacity.'\
To make capable ; to enable ; to qaa-
lify.

By this inftru£lion we may be tafaciitttd to cb-

fcrve thofe errours. Dryden,

Thefe fort of men were fycophants only, and

were endued with arts of life, to cafacitaic them

for the converfation of the ricii and great. Tatlir.

Capa'citv. tt./. [capacite, Fr.]

|. The power of holding or containing

any thing.

Had our palace the cafac'itj
To camp this haft, we would all fup together.

&ba1ie(ftttrt.
Notwithftanding thy capaciiy
Receiveth as the fea, nought enters there.
Of what validity and pitch foe'er.
But fails into abatement and low price.

Shakefptare'i Tivilfih Night.
For they that mod and greatcft things embrace,
Enlarge thereby their mind's capacity.
As ftreams eolarg'd, enlarge the channel's fpacr.

Davits.

Space, conlidered in length, breadth, and thick-

nefs, I think, may be called eafaciiy. Loikc.

2. Room ; fpace.

There remained, in the capacity of the exhaullcd
cylinder, ftore of little rooms, or fpaces, empty or
devoid of air. Boyle.

3. The force or power of the mind.

No iateile£iual creature is able, by capacity, to
do that which nature doth without capacity and
Icnowledge. Hockrr.

In fpiritual natures, fo much as there is of de-
ilre, fo much there is alfo of capacity to receive. 1
do not (ay, there is always a capacity to receive t'le
very thing they defire, for that may be impoflible.

South.

An heroic poem requires the accomplifliment of
fome extraordinary un Icrcaking ; which requires
the duty of a foldier, and the capacity and prudence
of a genera'. Dryden i Juvenal, Dedication.

4. Power ; ability.

Since the world's wide frame does net include
A caufc with fuch cefacnics endued^
' Some other caufc o'er nature muft prc&de. Blackm

5. State ; condition ; charaAer.

A miraculous revolution, reducing many from
the head of a triumphant rebellion to their old
condition of mafons, fmiths, and carp<'nter$; that,
in this capacity, they m'ght repair what, as colo-
nels and captains, they bad ruined and defaced.

South.

You defire my thoughts as a friend, and not as
a member of parliament ) they are the fame in bot)]
rspacitias. Svfijt.

CAPA'RISON. »./ [f/tparazon, a great
cloke. Span.] A horfe-clothj or a fort
of cover for a horfe, which isfpread over
his fijrniture. Farrier^s Dil}.

Tilting furniture, eraWazon'd Ihields,
Impteflet quaint, eaftrifins, aad ftecds,

C A P

Bafes, and tinfcl trappings, gorgeoui knights,
At jouS and tournament. ParadifcLoft.

Some wore a breaftplate, and a light iuppon i
Their horfes cloath'd with rich caparijon.

bryden'i Fahlci.

fo Capa'rison. -v. a. [from the noun.]

1 . To drefs in capdrifons.

The ftccds caparijim'd with purple fland,
With golden trapping , glorious to behold.
And champ betwixt their teeth the foaming gold.

Drydm.

2. Todrefspompoufly : in a ludicrous fenfe.

Don't you think, though I am caparifoned like
a man, I have a doublet and hofe in my difpofi •
tion ? Shaktjpeare'i A' you like it.

Cape. «■/. [cape, Fr.]
I. Headland; promontory.

What from the cape can you difcern at fea ?—
—Nothing at all ; it is a high wrought flood.

Sbakefpeare'i Othello.
The parting fun.
Beyond the earth's green cape and verdant ides,
Hefperean fets ; my fignal to depart. Paradife LoJI.
The Romans made war upon the TarentJnes,
and obliged them by treaty not to fail beyond the
cape. Arbuthmt.

z. The neck-piece of a cloke.

He was cloathed in a robe of fine black cloth,
with wide fleeves and cape. Bacoti,

CA'PER. n.f. [from caper, Latin, a goat.]
A leap; a jump; a ikip.

We, that are true lovers, run into ftrange capert \
but as all is mortal in nature, fo is all nature in
love mortal in folly. Shak/fpeare's As you like it.

Ftimnap, the treafurer, is allowed to cut a caper,
on the ftrait rope, at lead an inch higher than any
other lord in the whole empire. Stviji^s Gul, Trav.

Ca'per. n./. [capparis, Lat.] An acid
pickle. See Caper bush.

We invent new fauces and pickles, which re-
femble the animal ferment in tafte and virtue, as
mangoes, olives, and capers. Floyer on the Humours.
Caper bush. »./. [capparis, Lat.]

The fruit is flefliy, and ihaped like a pear. This
plant g ows in the South of France, in Spain, and
in Italy, upon old walls and buildings; and the buds
of the flowers, before they are open, are pickled
for eating. Miller.

To Ca'per. %■. n. [from the noun.]
I. To dance frolickfomelv.

The truth is, lam only old injudgment; and he
that will caper with me for a thoufand mark", let
him lend me the money, and have at him.

Shakcjpcare^t Henry IV.

3. To fldp for merriment.

Our mailer
Caf'ring to eye her. Shakefptare's Temptfi.

His nimble hand's inftinft then taughteach Aring
A eap'rhg cheerfulnefs, and made them ling
To their own dance. Crajbatv.

The family tript it about, and capered like hail-
ftones bounding from a marble floor.

Arlutitoi'sjohn Bull.

3. To dance : fpoken in contempt.

The dage would need no force, nor fong, nor
dance.
Nor capering monfieur from aftive France. Rave.
Ca'perer. n.y. [fwm caper."] A dancer:
in contempt.

The tumbler's gamboU fome delight alFord ;
No lefs the nimble caperer on the cord j
But thcfe arc ftill infipid ftufl^to thee,
Coop'd in a /hip, and tofs'd upon tlie fea.

Drydcn't Juv,

CAPIAS. n.f. [Lat.] A writ of two forts:
One before judgment, called capias ad
re/pottdendum, in an adion perfonal, if
the (hcrifF, upon the firft writ of diftrefs,
return that he has no effedls in his jurif-
didlion. The other is a writ of execution
after judgment. Cmutll.

C KV

CAfiLLn'czovi, adj. The fame with M-
pillary,

Capi'llament. n. /. [capillamentum,
Lat.] Thofe fmall threads or hairs which
grow up in the middle of a flower, and
adorned with little herbs at the top,
are called capillatnents. ^incy,

Ca'pillahy. adj. [from capillus, hair,
Lat.]

1. Refembling hairs ; fmall ; minute: ap-
plied to plants.

Capillary or capillaceous plants, are fuch as have
no main fl:ilk or Hem, but grow to the ground, as
hairs on the head ; and which bear their feeds in
little tufts or protuberances on the backlide of
their leaves. Sluincy,

Our common hylTop is not the Icaft of vegeta-
bles, nor obferved to grow upon w.\ii3 ; but rather,
fome kind of capillaries, which arc very fmall plants,
and only grow upon walls and (lony places.

Brcwn^s Vulgar Errouri.

2, Applied to velTels of the body : fmall ;
as the ramifications of the arteries.

^incy.

Ten capillary arteries in fbme parts of the bouy,

as in the brain, arc not e^ual to one hair; and

the fmalleft lymphatick veiTcIs are an hundred times

fmaller than the fmalleft capillary artery.

Arhuthnot on Aliments.

Capilla'tion. n.f. [from capillus, Lat.]
A vefTel like a hair ; a fmall ramifica-
tion of veflels. Not ufed.

Nor is the humour contained in fmaller reins,
or obfcurer capillaticns, but in a veficle.

Broivn's f^ulgar Errours,
CA'PITAL. adj. [capitalis, Lat.]

1 . Relating to the head.

Needs muft the fcrpent now his f «/iif.j/ bruifc
Expeft with mortal pain. Paradife Lo^.

2. Criminal in the higheft degree, fo as to
touch life.

F.dmund, I arreft thee
On capital tieafim. Sbakejpeare" t King hear.

Several cafes dcferve greater punilhment than
many crimes that are coital among us. Siviji*

3. That which afFefts life.

In capital caufes, wherein but one man's life is
in quedion, the evidence ought to be clear ; much
more in a judgment upon a war, which ii capital to
thi'ufands. Bacon*

4. Chief; principal.

I will, out of that infinite Bumber, reckon but

fome that arc moft capital, and commonly occur-

rent both in the life and conditions of private men.

SpcnfrroH Ireland,

As to fwerve in tlie leaft p:>inis, is errour ; fo
the r<7/>;ra/ enemies thereofCod hateth,a5hisdeadly
foes, aliens, and, without repentance, children of
endlefs perdition. Hooker.

They do, in thcmfclves, tend to confirm the
truth of a rd^ifa/ article in religion. Aitcrbury.

5. Chief; metropolitan.

This had been
Perhaps thy capital feat, from whence had fprcad
All generations; and had hither come.
From all the ends of th' earth, to celebrate
And reverence thee, their great progenitor.

Paradife Lift,

6. Applied to' letters : large ; fuch as are
written at the beginnings or heads of
books.

' Our moft confiderable actions are always pre-

fcnt, like capital letters to an aged and dim eye.

Taylor's Holy Living*

The firft is written in capital letters, without

chapters or verfcs. Grfiv*s Cofmo^ogia Sacra.

7. Capital Jlock. The principal or origi-
nal (lock of a trader or company.

Ca'pital. n.f. [from the adjedlive.]
I. The upper paMVf ^^ pillar.

Yua

CAP

CAP

> C A P

Tou fee the volute of the lonick, the foliage of
the CorinthUn, and the uovali of the Dorick, mix-
ed without any regularity on the fame cefi'.al.

MiiiJ-:>t on Italy.

1. The chief city of a nation or kipgdom.
Ca'pitally. adii. [(tom capital, '\ In a

capital manner.
Capita'tion.«./. [frotn caput, the head.

Lat.] Numeration by heads.

He fuffereJ for not performing the command-
ment of God concerning rc^/Mjion ; tl.at, when the
people were numbered, for every head they thould
pay unto God a (hekel. Brown.

CA'PITE. n.J. [from caput, capitis, Lat.]

A tenure which IiolHeth immediateiyof die king,
as of his crown, be it by knight's fervice or focagc,
and not as of any honour, c^ft!.?, or manour ; and
therefore it is othervvifc called a tenure, that hold-
eth merely of the king ; becaufe, as the crown is a
corporation and fcigniory in grofs, as the common
lawyers term it, fo the king that polTeiTeth the
crown is, in account of law, perpetually king, and
never in his minority, nor ever dicth. CowtU.
Capi'tular. n.f. [from capitulum, Lat.
an ecclefiaftical chapter.]

1. A body of Ilatutes, divided into chap-
ters.

That this pradice continued to the time of
Charlemajn, appears by a conllitution in his capi-
tular. Tayitr,

2. A member of aj:hapter.

Canonifts do agree, that the chapter makes de-
crees and ftatutes, which fliall bind the chapter it-
felf, and all its members ot cafiiuljrs.

Ayli^e'i Parfrgon.

To CAPI'TULATE. v. n. [from capitu-
lum, Lat.]

1 . To draw up any thing in heads or ar-
ticles.

Percy, Northumberland,
The archbifhop of York, Douglas, and Mortimer,
Calculate againll us, and are up. Shak. Henry IV.

2. To yield, or furrender up, on certain
ftipulations.

The king took it for a great indignity, that
thieves ihouid offer to capitulate with him as ene-
mies. Uayward*
i ftill purfued, and about two o'clock this after-
noon ftie thought fit to capitulate. UpeElator.
Capitula'tion. n.f. [from capitulate.^
Stipulation ; terras ; conditions.

It was not a complete conqucft, but rather a de-
dition upon terms and cap'itulatiom, agreed between
the conquerour and the conquered ; wherein, ufually,
the yielding P*"^/ fecured to themlelvet their law
and religion. Hale.

Capi'vi tree, n.f, {copaiba, Lat.]

This tree grows near a village called Ayapel, in
the province of Ant'cchi, in theSpanilh Weft In-
dict, about ten days journey from Carthagcna.
Some of them do net yield any of the balfam ;
thofe that do, are diftinguifljed by a ridge which
runs along their trunks. Thefe trees ate wounded
in their centre, and they apply veffels to the wound.
ed part, to receive the balfam. One of thefe trees
will yield five or fix gallons of balfam. Miller.

7i» Capo'ch. "J. a. I know not diftinft-
ly what this word means ; perhaps, to
firjp off the hood.

Capoch'd your rabins of the fynod.
And ftiapt the canons with a why not. Hudihras.

Ca'pok. ». /. \_capo, Lat.] A caftrated
cock.

In good roaft beef my landlord Ricks his knife ;
The cap'.n fat J-lights his dainty wife. Gay't Pnfl.

CJPONNIETRE. n.f. [Fr. A term in
fortification.] A covered lodgment, of
about four or five feet broad, encom-
paiTed with a little parapet of about two
feet high, ferving to^port planks la-

den with earth. This lodgment con-
tains fifteen or twenty foldiers, and is
ufually placed at the extremity of the
counterfcarp, having little embrafures
made in them, through which they fire.

Harris.

CAPO'T. n.f [French.] Is when one party
wins all the tricks of cards at the game
of picquet.

To Capo't. v. a. [from the noun.] When
one party has won all the tricks of cards
at picquet, he is faid to have capotled
his antagonift.

Capo'uch. n.f. [capuce, Fr.] A monk's
hood. DiiH.

Ca'pper. n.f. [from cap."] One who
makes or fells caps.

Capre'olate. aj/. [from capreolus, a
tendril of a vine, Lat.]

Such plants as turn, wind, and creep along the
ground, by means of their tendrils, as gourds, me-
lons, and cucumbers, are termed, in botany, ea-
prfolate plants. Harris.

CAPRrCF,. In.f [caprice, Fr. capri-
CJPRrCHIO. j ci>o. Span.] Freak ; fan-
cy ; whim ; fudden change of humour.

It is a plcafant fpe£tacle to behold the Ihifts,

windings, and unexpcdlcd caprichios of diftrelTed

nature, when purfued by a clofe and well-managed

experiment. Glanv'dW's ScepJIs, Preface.

We are not to be guided in the fenfeof that book,

either by the mifreports of fome ancients, or the

eaprichiot of one or two neotcrics. Grew.

Heav'n's great view is one, and that the whole j

That counterworks each folly and caprice.

That difappoints th* effect of ev'ry vice. Pope.

If there be a fingle I'pot more barren, or more

diftant from the church, there the reflor or vicar

may be obliged, by the caprice or pique of the

bilhop, to build. Sivift.

Their paffions move in lower fpheres.
Where'er caprice or folly ftcers. Sivift.

All the various machines and utenfils would now
and then play odd pranks and caprices, quite con-
trary to their proper ftru£iures, and defign of the
artificers. BcntUy.

Capri'cious. adj. [capricieux, Fr. ]

Whimfical ; fanciful ; humourfome.
C;> PRi'ciousLY. adv. [from capricious.']
Whimfically ; in a manner depending
wholly upon fancy.
Capri'cio-jsneis.»./. [from capricious.]
The quality of being led by caprice, hu-
mour, whimficalnefs.

A fubjeik ought to fuppofe that there are rea-
fons, although lie be not apprifedof them ; other-
wife, he muft tax his prince of capricioufnef:, in-
conftancy, or ill defign. Stuifi.

Ca'pricorn. n.f.[capricornus,L.zt.] One
of the figns of the zodiack ; the winter
folftice.

Let the longcA night in Capricorn be of fifteen
hours, the day confequently muft be of nine.

Notes to Creeches Manilius.

CJPRIO'LE. n.f [French. Inhorfeman-
Ihip.] Caprioles are leaps, fuch as a
horfe makes in one and the fame place,
without advancing forwards, and in fuch
a manner, that when he is in the air, and
height of his leap, he yerks or ftrikes
out with his hinder legs, even and near.
A cafriole is the raoft difficult of all the
high manage, or raifed airs. It is diffe-
rent from the eroupade in this, that the
horfe docs not Ihow his Ihoes ; and from

a hahtaie, in that he does not yerk oiit
in a balotade. Farrier's Diil.

Ca'pstan. n.f. [corruptly called cap-
Jlern ; cabejian, Fr.] A cylinder, with
levers, to wind up any great weight,
particularly to raife the anchors.

The weighing of anchors by the capfian i< alfo
new. Saleigh's EJfays.

No more behold thee turn my watch's key,
As feamen at a capfian anchors weigh. Swift,

Ca'psular. ladj. [capfula, Lat.] Hol-
Ca'psulary.^ low like a cheft.

It afcendeth notdirecHy unto the throat, but af-
cending firft into a capfulary reception of the brealt-
bone, it afcendeth again into the neck.

Sroiun's Vulgar Errotirt,
Ca'psulate. \adj. [capfu/a,Lzt.']la-
Ca'psulated. j clofed, or in a box.

Seeds, fuch as are corrupted and ftale, will fwira ;
and this agrceth unto the feeds of plants locked up
and capfulaicd in their hulks. Brotvn's Vulg. Er.

The heart lies immured, oz capfulated, in a car-
tilage, which includes the heart as the fkuU doth
the brain. Derham.

CA'PTAIN. n.f [capitain, Fr. in Latin
capitaneus ; being one of thofe who, by
tenure in capite, were obliged to bring
foldiers to the war.

1. A chief commander.

Difmay'd not this
Our captaint, Macbeth and Banquo ? Shak. Mact.

2. The chief of any number or body of
men.

Naihan (hall be captain of Judah. Numbirs,
He fent unto him a captain of fifty. Kings.

The captain of the guard gave him viftuals.

frrewiab,

3. A man /killed in war; as, Marlborough
was a great captain.

4. The commander of a company in a re-
giment.

A captain ! thefe villains will make the name of
captain as odious as the word occupy i therefore cap.,
tains had need look to it. Sbakefpearc^ s Henry IV.

The grim captain, in a furly tone.
Cries out, Pack up, ye rafcals, and be gone !

Dryden.

5. The chief commander of a fliip.

The Rhudian captain, relying on his knowledge,
and the lightnefs of his vcfliil, pafl'ed, in open day,
through all the guards. Arhutbmt on Coins,

6. It was anciently written capitain.

And evermore their cruel capitain
Sought with his rafcal routs t' enclufe them round.

Fairy ^ueen,

7. Captain General. The general or com-
mander in chief of an army.

8. Captain Lieutenant. The commanding
officer of the colonel's troop or compa-
ny, in every regiment. He commands
as youngeft captain.

Ca'ptainry. n.f. [horn captain.] The
power over a certain diftrid j the chief-
tainlhip.

There Ihould be no rewards taken for eaplainriei
of counties, no Ihares of bilhopricki for nominat-
ing of biftiops. Spenfer,

Ca'ptainship. n.f. [from captain.]

1. The condition or pod of a chief com-
mander.

Therefore fo pleafe thee to return with us.
And of our Athens, thine and ours, to take
The captainjhip. Shakefpeare^s Timon,

2. The rank, quality, or pod of a captain.

The lieutenant of the colonel's company might
well pretend to the next vacant taftainpip in the
fame regimcDt, Wotion.

3. The

t AP

CAR

CAR

3. The chicfuinfhip of a clan, or govern-
ment of a certain diflrift.

To diminilh the Irifli lords, he did aboUfli their
preten(1«d and uiurfi i c/iptairjbifi- David oit Ire! .

4. Skill in the military trade.
Capta'tion. n. J. [from capto, Lat.]

The praflicc of catching favour or ap-
pJaufe ; courtlhip ; flattery.

I am content my Wist Ihould be difcovered,
wit'iout any of thufc dieHcs, or popular ca[itauoniy
which lorn; men ufe in their fpecchcs. K* Charles*

Ca'ption.;/./ [frcn capio, Lat. to take.]
The aft of taking any perfon by a judi-
cial procefs.

CA'PTIOUS, adj. [captieux, Fr. captio/us,
Lat.

1 . Given to cavils ; eager to objeft.

If he (hew a forwardnefi to be realbning about
things, take care that nobody check this inclina-
tion, or miflead it by cafiimi or fallacious ways of
talking with him. Lode.

2. Infidious ; cnfnaring.

She taught him likewiie how to aToid fundry
eafti^i and tempting queftions, whichwerelike to
be afked of him. Bmcrt,

Ca'ptiously. aJ'v. [from tapthus.'] In
a captious manner ; with an inclination
to objeft.

Ufe your words as caplhtijty as you can, in youi
a'guing on one fide, and apply diftinftions on tin-
other. LDcki.

Ca'ptiousn'ess. n. /. [from eaptiout,]
Inclination to find fault ; inclination to
objeft ; peeviflmefs.

> Capikufnefs is a fault oppifite to civility; it
often prJduces mi/becoming and provoking ejt-

■ prcffions and carria^^e. Lcckf.

?fl Ca'ptivate. f. *. [capti'ver, Fr.
captivo, Lat.]

1 . To take prifoner ; to bring into bon-
dage.

How ill befeeming Is it in thy fex
To triumph, like an Amaionian trull,

■ Upon their woes whom fortune eapth)irte! / Shah.

Thou haft by tyranny thefc many years
Wafted our country, (lain our citiiens,
And fcnt our fons and hiilbands caft'niate, Shai.

He deferves to be a (lave, that is content to
have the rational foyereignty of his fotil, and tlie
liberty of hi* will, fo eaf>ti'vated. King Cbarles.

They ftand firm, keep out the enemy, truth,
that would captivate or difturb them. Locke.

■z. To charm ; to overpower with excel-
lence ; to fubdue.

Wifdom enters the lift, and fo caflivetei him
with her appearance, that he gives himfcif up to
hrr. jiddifon. Guardian.

■%. To enflave : with to.

They lay a trap for themfelvss, and captivate
their underftandings to miftake, faifehood, and
crrour. h'^cke,

Captiva'tion. ri. f. [from rapti'vate.']
The aft of taking one captive.

CA'PTIVE. n./. [captif, Fr. capti-vut,
Lat.]

g. One taken in war ; a prifoner to an
enemy.

You have the eaplivn.
Who were the oppofi;es of this day's ftrife. Sbak.
This is no other than that forced rcfpeft a
captive pays to his cont^ueror, a (lave to his lord.

Jtogen.
Fr efrim (hame
Thy eafl'nm ; I calcic the penal claira.

i"*/)?'! Odyffey.

a. It is ufed with to before the captor.

If tbnu (ay i^ntony lives, 'tis well,
0( fticcds with CicCur, or not tapt'nie to him.

Shakijpeare.
I

My motlier, who the royal fceptre fwayM,
Was captive to the cruel victor made- Drjfden.

3. One charmed or enfnared by beauty or
excellence.

My woman's heart
Grofsly grew capt'rve to hjs honey words. Sbaiefp.

Ca'ptive. ac/J. [captivus, Lat.] Made
prifoner in war ; kept in bondage or
confinement, by whatever means.

But fate forbids j the Stygian doods oppofe,
And with nins circling ftreams the captiie fouls
inddfe, Drjdtr..

To Ca'ptive. 11. a. [from the noun.] It
was ufed formerly with the accent on
the laft fylhble, but now it is on the
firft.] To take prifoner ; to bring into
a condition of fervitude.

But being all dciVatcd fuve a (ew,
Rather than (If, or bt c.iptrv'J, hcrieif (he (lew.

Spertfr.
Thou loawft them to hoftile fword
Of hejthcn and profane, their carcafles
To dogs and fowl^ a P^*y, ^^ ^^^^ captiv^d. Milttn,

What further fjEr of danger can there be ?
Beauty, which- captives all things, fets me free.

Dryditi.
Still lay the god : the nymph furpris'd.
Yet miftrefs of hrrfelf, devis'd
How (hi the vagrant might enthral,
And captive him who captives all. Prior.

Capt/vity. n. /. [capti'vite, French;
captiiiitasy low Latin.]

1. Subjeftion by the fate of war; bon-
dage ; fervitude to enemies.

1 This is the fL^rjeant,

Who, like a good and hardy foldier, fought
'Gainft my cttprivity. Sbakefpeare.

There in captivity he lets them dwell
The fpace of fcventy years; then brings them

back;
Rememb'ring mercy. Milton.

Th» name of Ormnnd will be more celebrated
in his captivity, than in his greateft triumphi.

Drj;de».

2. Slavery ; fervitude.

For m--'n to be tied, and led by authority, as it
were with a kind of captivity of judgment; and
though there be reafon to the contrary, not to
liften unto it. Hooker.

The apoftie tells us, there is a way of bringing
every thought into captivity to the obedience of
Chrift. Decay of Piety.

When love *r. well tim'd, 'tis not a fault to love;
The ftrong, the brave, the virtuous, and the wife,
Sink in the foft captivity together. j4JJ:fsn.

Ca'ptor. «./". [from capio, to take, Lat.]
He that takes a prifoner, or a prize.

Ca'pture. 71./. [capture, Fr. captura,
Lat.]

I. The aft or praftice of taking any thing.

The great fagacity, and many artj(iccs, u(fd by
birds, in the invelligation and capture of th'Ji
prey. Dcrb.:i!i.

z. The thing taken ; a prize.
Capu'chei). acfj. [from capuce, Fr. a
hood.] Covered over as with a hood.

They are diflereiitly cucuIUteJ and capucba:
upon the head and back ; and, in the cicadp, the
eyes arc more prominent. Breton's Vulgar Err,

Capuchi'k. n. /. a female garment,
confining of a cloak and hooJ, made in
imitation of the drefs oi capuchin monks ;
whence its name is derived.

Car, Char., in the names of places, feem
to have relation to the Britifti caer, a
city. Gihjon's Camden.

Car. n. f. [car, Wellh ; iarre, Dutch;
cpsz, Saxon ; carrus, Latin.]

1. A fmall carriage of burdcrt, ufually
drawn by one horfe or two.

When a laJy cnmci in a cAach to our (hops, it
muff be followed by a car loaded with Wuod's
money. S^-'Ji»

2. In poetical langtiage, any vehicle of
dignity or fplendour ; a chariot of war,
or tri-jmph.

Heniy js dead, and never (hall revise:
Upon a wo-xlen coffin we attend,
ArjJ death's di (honourable viftory
We with lur (lately prefence ghrrify.
Like captivi-s bound to a triumphant car* Shakrjp*

Wile thori aftire to guide c; e heav'niy car.
And with ti-.y JjrJng fjily burn tlie world ? Sbak,
And r^ i gilded car of day.
His gi )"/t-ig axle doth allay
In the itctp Atlantick fttcam. Milten,

See where he cJmcs, the da.lin^ of the war I
See millions c.owding round tlie gildcdvar.' Prior.

3. The Charles's wain, or Bear; a con-
ilellation.

Ev'ry fixt and ev'ry wand'ring ftar.
The I'leiads, Hyads, and the Norihem Car,

Dryden.

Ca'r ABINE. 7 «• y^ [cetrabine, Fr. ] A

Ca'rbinu. 5 f'nall fort of fire arm,
ihorter than a fufil, and carrying a ball
of twenty-four in the pound, hung by
the light horfe at a belt over the left
ftiouldcr. It is a kind of medium be-
tween the pillol and the mufket, having
its barrel two foot and a half long.

Caraei.m'eh. «.y. [{vom carabine.'] A
fort of light horfe carrying longer cara-
bines than the reft, and uied fonretimes
on foot. Chambe' !,

Ca'rack. n.f. [furiica, Spanilh.] A large
fliip of burden ; tlie fame with thoic
which are now called galleons.

In which r.ver, the grea.c.l carack of Portugal
majri Ic afloat ten miles within tlielbra. Raleigb*

"The bigger whale like fome h-ige caraik lay,
Whfch wanteth lea-room with her fees to piav.

fValhr.
Ca'racole. n.y. [caracole, Fr. from ca-
racel. Span, a fnail.] An oblique tread,
traced out in femi-rounds, changing
from one hand to another, without ob-
ferving a regular ground.

When the h.rfe adv.nvc ti charge :n battie,
they ride fometimes in caracoles, to amufe the
creray, and put them in doubt whctiier they are
about to charge them in the front or in tiie llank.

Farrier s DiP,

To Ca'racole. t. n. [from the noun.]
To move in caracoles.

Ca'rat. 1 , r . r. T
,, . }■«•/• \ carat, ¥i.\

Ca ract. 3 -^ ■• ■'

1. A weight of four grains, with which

diamonds are weighed,
z. A manner of expreffiiig the finenefs of

gold.

A matk, being an ounce Troy, is divided inta
twenty- fi.ui- equal paits, cJled carafis, and each
carali into four grains: by this weight is diftin-
guilhed the different finenefs oi their gold ; for if
to the lineft of gold be put two carafis of alloy,
both making, when cold, but an ounce, ortwenty-
foar caru^s, then this gold is faid to be twenty-
two carafis fine. Cocker.

Thou beft of gold, art wor(t of gold ;
Other, Icfs fine in carat, is more precious. Shak.

CARAVA'N. n./. [cara-vanne, Fr. from
the Arabick.] A troop or body of mer-
chants or pilgrims, as they (ravel in
the Eaft.

They

CAR

Th«y fet forth
Thtir airy earavan, high over feas
Flying, and over lands, with mutual wing
Eafing their flight. Mit'tan's Faradift h-jji*

When Joftjph, and the Blefled Virgin Mother,
had lo(l their moft holy Son, thej fought him in
the retinues of their kin'-^d, and ^cm, Caravan% of
the Galilean pilgrims. ^aykr.

Carava'nsary. n. f. [from cara'vanj] A
houfe built in the Ealtern countries tor
the reception of travellers.

The inns which receive th-j caravans in Periia,
and the Eaftern cauntries, are called by the name
of carai-arfarhu Spf^ator,

The fpacious manfion, like a Tuikifli caravan-
J^ry, entertains the vagabond with only bare lodg-
ing. Fopet Lc.urs,

Ca'raVEL. 7 »./ [iraravela. Span.] A

Ca'rvel. 3 light, round, old-fafhioned
fliip, with a fquare poop, formerly ufed
in Spain and Portugal.

Ca'raway. a.y; [carum,Lii.] A plant;
fometimes found wild in rich moill paf-
tnres, efpecially in Holland and Lin-
colnihire. The feeds are ufed in medi-
cine and confedlionary. Miller.

CARBONA'DO. n. f. [carbonnade, Fr.
from carbo, a coal, Lat.] Meat cut
acrofs, to be broiled upon the coals.

If I come in his way willingly, let him make a
carbonad'v of me. Shakejptare.

To Carbon a'do. v. a. [from the noun.]
To cut or hack.

Dra'.v, you rogue, or I'll fo carbrntdo
Your {hanks. Sbaitfpiare.

CA'RBUNCLE. n. /. {carbunculus, Lat.
a little coal.]

1. A jewel (hining in the dark, like a
lighted coal or candle.

A carhurclt entire, as big as tbou art.
Were not fo rich ajewel. Shaktfptart,

His head
I CrelUd aloft, and carhimU his eyes.

With burnifli'd neck of verdant gold. Mifmn,

It is believed that a carhvmle does fhine in the
dark like a burning coal 3 from whence it harh its
name. fVilk'trt,

Carburck is a flone of the ruby kind, of a rich
Wf-od-red colour. JV^'.d'wartl.

2. Red fpots or pimples breaking out upon
the face or body.

It was a pcftiknt fever, but there followed no
earhuncle, no purple or livid fpots, or the like,
t^.e mafs of the blood not being tainted. Bcci,n.

Red bliners rifing on their paps appear.
And flaming fari««c/M, and noifomefweat. Dryd.
Ca'rbuncled. atij. \^{rotD. carbuncle. \

1 . Set with carbuncles.

An armour all of gold ; it was a king's..—
—He ha« dcfcrv d it, were it carbuxcled
Like holy Iheebus' car. Shakefptarc.

2. Spotted; deformed with carbuncles,
Carbu'ncular. adj. [from cariuncU.']

Belonging to a carbuncle ; red like a
carbuncle.

Caebuncula'tion. n.f. [carbunculatio,
Lat.] The blafting of the young buds
of trees or plants, cither by exctflive
heat or exceifive cold. Harris.

Ca'rcanet. ». /. [carcan, Fr.] A chain
or collar of jewels.

Say that I linger'd with you at your Ihop,
To fee the making of her careaitet. Shakcjpiare.

I have feen her befet and bedeckt all over with

emeralds and pearls, and a (anar.et about her neck.

liiilii^i. ill on Prwidtnce.

Ca'k.ca8S. n,/, [carquajfe, Fr.]
X. A dead body of any animal.

CAR

To blot the hQoour of the itii.
And with foul cowardice his carcaji Ihame,
Whofe living hands immortaliz'd hisnamc. SptvJ.

Where cattle paflur'd'latc, now fcatter'd lies.
With carcajjci and arms, th' infanguin'd field,
Dffcrted. ' JAiltcn.

If a man vifits his fick friend in hope of legacy,
he is a vulture, and only waits for the carc^fi.

1'ayhr.

The fcaly nations of the fta profound.
Like (hipwreck'd carcaffh, are driven aground.

Dryden.

2. Body : in a ludicrous fenfe.

To-day how many would have given their ho-
nours
To 've fav'd their carcajjh / Sbaiefpeare.

Ke that finds himfelt in any diftrefs, either of
carcaji or of fortL-ne, {hould deliberate upon the
matter before he prays for a change. U'Ejhavge.

3. The decayed parts of any tiling; the
ruins ; the remains.

A rotten ciirtajs of a boat, not ripg'd,
Nor tackle, fail, nor mali. bhaktfpearc.

4. 'I he main pnrts, naked, without com-
pletion or ornament ; as, the walls of a
houfe.

What could be thought a fuflicient motive to
have had an eternal {ercafs of an univerfe, wherein
the materials and pofitions of it were eternally laid
together ? Hale^t Origin of Afar kind.

5. [In gunnery.] A kind of bomb, ufually
oblong, confining of a fhell or cafe,
fometimes of iron with holes, more com-
monly of a coarfe ftrong lluiF, pitched
over and girt with iron hoops, filled
with combuftibles, and thrown from a
mortar. Harris.

Ca'rcelace. n. /. Ifrom career, Lat.]
Prifon fees. Diiif.

CJRCINO'MJ. n. /. [from xae""®'' »
crab.] A particular ulcer, called a can-
cer, very difficult to cure. A diforder
likewife in the horny coat of the eye, is
thus called. ^lincy.

Carcino'matous. adj. [from carcino-
ma.] Cancerous ; tending to a cancer.

CARD. ». /. [far/*', Fr. fy&arra, Lat.]

1. A paper painted with figures^ ufed in
games of chance or /kill.

A vengeance on your crafty wither'd hide !
Yet I have lac'd it with arurii' of ten. Sbjhfptare,

Soon as /he fpreads her hand, th' aerial guard
Defccnd, and lit on each important card\
Firft, Ariel perch'd upon a matadore. Pcpe.

2. The paper on which the winds are
marked under the mariner's needle.

Upon his ctirdt andcompafs firms Ills eye.
The mailers of his long experiment. Sltnjcr.

The very points they blow ;
All the quarters that they know,
I' th' (hipman't card. Slahfpiare.

How abfolute the knave is ! we muil fpeak by
the card, or equivocation will undo us. Hbakijp,

On life's vaft ocean diverfcly wc fail,
Rcafon the card, but palfion is the gale. Pcpe.

3. [iaarde, Dutch.] The inftrument with
which wool is combed, or comminuted,
or broken for fpinning.

TcCard. 'V. a. [from the noun.] To
comb, or comminute wool with a piece
of wood, thick fet with crooked wires.

The while their wives do fit
Ecfidc them, carding wool. May's firgil.

Go, card and fpin.
And leave thebufinefs of the war to men. Dryden,

To Card, f . ». To game ; to play much
at cards ; aSj a carding wife.

CAR

.CARDAMO'MUM. n.f. [Latin.] A me-
I dicinal feed, of the aromatic kind, con-
tained in pods, and brought from the
Eaft Indies. Chambers,

Ca'rder. n.f. [from fflri/.]

1. One that cards wool.

The clothiers all h.ive put off"
The fpinliers, cardcn^ fullers, weavers. Shakejpt

2. One that plays much at cards.
Cardi'acal. 7 a(^'. [xa^Jja, the heart.]
Ca'rdiack. 5 Cordial ; having the qua-
lity of invigorating the fpirits.

Ca'rdialgy. n.f. [from xajJla, the
heart, and a^^®-, pain.]

The hejrt-burn j a pain fuppofed to be felt in
the h-'art, but mure properly in the rtomach, which
fometimes rifes all along from thence up to the
ccfophagus, occafioned by fomc acrimonious mat-
ter, ^luincym

CA'RDINAL. adj. [ cardinalis, Lat. ]
Principal ; chief.

The divilions of the year in frequent ufe with
aftronomcrs, according to the cardinal interfeftions
of the zodiack ; that is, the two equino^ials, and
both the folftitial points. Brown.

His cardinal ^zxii6i\on was induftry, Clarmdan,

Ca'rdinal. n.f. One of the chief gover-
nors of the Romilh church, by whom
the pope is elefted out of their own
number, which contains fix billiops, fifty
priefts, and fourteen deacons, who con-
ftitute the facred college, and are chofen
by the pope.

A canrMal is fo ftiled, becaufe feniceable to
the apoAolick fee, as an axle or hin;^c on which
the whole government of the church turns ; or aa
they have, from the pope's grant, the hinge and
government of the Romiih church, ylylifft^

You hold a fair alfembly ;
Yo-a arc a churchman, or, I'll tell you, cardinal,
I Ihould judge now unhappily. Sbakejpeare,

Cardinal's FLOWER, n.f. [rapuntium,
Lat.] A flower.

The fpecics arc, i. Greater rampions, with a
crimfon fpiked flower, commonly called the fcarlet
cardinal' s jUwer. 2. The blue iardinat i finiirr.

MiHer.
Ca'rdinalate. 7«./. [from, cardinal.l
Ca'rdin ALsHip. j The office and rank
of a cardinal.

An ingenious cavalier, hearing that an old friend
of his was advanced to a cardmalate, went to con-
gratulate his eminence upon his a^yi honour.

L'KJlrange,
Ca'r DMAKER.«.y; [froffl Card An^mfike.\
A maker of cards. ♦

Am not I Chriltophero Sly, by occupation a
cardmakcr ? Sbakcjpeare' i Taming of the Sbreiv.

Ca'rdmatch.w./ [from card &nA mat ch.l
A match made by dipping pieces of card
in melted fulphur.

Take care, that tliofe may not make tjie nioft
noife who have the leaft to fell; which is very
obfervable in the venders of cardmalcbes, Addlforu

CA'RDUUS. See Thistle.
CARR. n. f. [cape, Saxon.]

1. Solicitude; anxiety; perturbation of
mind ; concern.

Or, if 1 would rake care, that care fliould be
For wit that Ccorn'd thewoild, andliv'd like niB.

DryJtn.
Nor fallen difcontent, nor anxious care,
Ev'n though brought thither, could inhabit there.

Dryden.

Raife In your foul the greatelb »» of fulfilling

tile divine will, ffaie'i Preparation for Death.

2. Caution ; often in the phrafe, to haic
a care-.

\ W»ll,

CAR

Well, fwrett Jack, have a M«of thyfelf. Shai.

The foolilh virgins h»d t»ken no care for a

further fuf ply, afcer the oij, which wa« at firft put

into their lamps, was fpent, »« the wife had done.

Tiltoijon.
Begone ! the prieft expefts you at the altar. —
But, tyrant, have a care I come not thither.

A. Philips.

3. Regard ; char.ge ; heed in order to
proteftion and prefervation.

If we believe that there is a God, that takes
care of us, and we be careful to plcafe him, this
cannot but be a mighty comfort to us. _ TUh'Jon.

4. It is a loofe and vague word, implying
attention or inclination, in any degree
more or lefs : It is commonly ufed in
the phrafe, to take cart.

You come in fuch a time,
As if propitious fortune took a care
. To fwell my tide of joys to their full height.

Dryden,

We take care to flatter ourfclves with imaginary

fcenes and profpedls of future happinefs. Altcrbuiy.

5. The objeft of care, of caution, or of
love.

O my poor kingdom, fick with civil blows !
When that my care could not withhold thy riots.
What wilt thou do when riot is thy earef Shak.
Flulh'd were his cheeks, and glowing were his
eyes !
Is flie thy caret is (he thy caret he cries. Dryd.
Your fafety, more than mine, was then my care:
Left, of the guide bereft, the rudder loft.
Your Ihip ihould run againft the rocky coa4.

Dryden,
The wily fox.
Who lately filch'd the turkey's callow care.

Gay's 'Trpuia.
None taught the trees a nobler race to bear.
Or more improv'd the vegetable care. P'pc.

To Care. 1/, «. [from the noun.]
J. To be anxious or felicitous ; to be in
concern about any thing.

She land hot what pain (he put her body to,
fincc the better part, her mind, was laid under fo
much agony. Sidney,

As the Germans, both in language and manners,
differed from the Hungarians, fo were they always
a) variance with them j and therefore much cared
jiot, though they were by him fubdued.

KnolleC% Htjhry oflbt Turks.
■ Well, on my terms thou wilt not be my heir 5
If thou car'/! little, lefs fli.ill be my care. Jbryden.

g.. To be inclined ; to be difpofeJ : with
/tr before nouns, or (0 before verbs.

Not caring to oblervc the wind,
Or the new fea explore. Mealier.

The remarks are introduced by a compliment
' to the works of an author, who, I am furc, would
not care for being praifcd at the expence of an-
other's reputation. Adiijon.
Having been now acquainted, the two fexes did
, /lot care to part. Addifon.
Great mafters in painting never care for drawing
people in the fafliion, fipeHator.

3. To be affefted with ; to have regard
to : withyir.
You doat on her that cares not for your love.

Srbaktfpeare.

There was an ape that had twins.} flic doated

upon one of them, and did not much care for

t' other. L'Eftrange.

Where few are rich, few care for it; where

many are fo, many defnc it. Temf^Ie.

C^^'recr AZED.nr^'. [from carez.nicraxe.'l
Broken with care and folicitude.

Thcfe both put off, a poor petitioner,
A carecraii'd mother of a many children. Sbakeff.
To Care'fn. v. a. [cariner, Fr. from
carina, Lat. A term in the fea lan-
guage.] To lay a veflel on one fide, to

CAR

calk, ftop op leaks, refit, or trim the
other fide. dam ten.

To Care'en. v. ». To be in the ftaie of
careening.

CARE'ER. «./ [carriere, Fr.]

1. The ground on which a race is run ;
the length of a courfe.

They had run thcmfclvea too far out of breath,
to go back again the iame career, Sidney.

2. A courfe ; a race.

What rein can hold licentious wlckednefs.
When down the hill he holds his fierce career ?

Shake/feare.

3. Height of fpced ; fwift motion.

It is related of certain Indians, that they are
able, when a hoife is running in his full career, to
Aand upright on his back.

IViliins's Matbemaiical Magick.
Praftife them now to curb the turning ftecd.
Mocking the foe; now to hit rapid fpced
To give the rein, and, in the full career.
To draw the certain fword, or fend the pointed
fpear. Prior.

4. Courfe of a£lion; uninterrupted proce-
dure.

Shall quips and fentences, and thefc paper bul-
lets of the brain, awe a man from the career of
his humour? Sbake/feare.

The heir of a bhifted family has rofe up, and
promifed fair, and yet at length a crofs event has
certainly met and ftopt him in the career of his
fortune. South.

Knights in knightly deeds (honld perfevere,
And ftill continue what at firft they were;
Continue and proceed in honour's fair career. Diyd.

To Car e'er. •v.n. [from the noun.] Run-
ning with fwift motion.

With eyes, the wheels
Of beryl, and careering fires between. Milion.

Ca'reful. adj. [from rar* and y«//.]

1. Anxious; folicitous ; full of concern.

The piteous maiden, careful, comforrlefs,
Does throw out thrilling Ihrieks and fhrieking
cries. Spenftr.

Martha, thou art careful, and troubled about
many things. Luke, x. 41.

Welcome, thou pleafing flumber;
Awhile embrace me in thy leaden arms.
And charm my f^^r^w/ thoughts. Dcnbam's Sophy.

2. Provident; diligent: with o/^oryir.

Behold, thou haft been careful for us with all
this care; what is to be done tor thee? z Kings,

To cure their mad ambition, they were fcnt
To rule a dift^t province, each aljnc:
What could a careful father more have done ?

Dryilcn,

3. Watchful; cautious: with «/^. .

It concerns us to btcanful of oac converfations.

Ray,

4. Subjefl to perturbations ; expofed to
troubles ; full of anxiety ; full of foli-
citude.

Gy him that rais'd me to this rorr/ii/ height,
From that contented hap whicli 1 enjoy'd. Shak.

Ca'refully. c«'i». [from careful,]

1. In a manner that fticws care.

Envy, how carrfuily does it look ! how meagre
and ill-complexioucd ! Collier,

2. Heedfully; watchfully; vigilantly; at-
tentively.

You come mod carefully Mf on your hour. Shak.

By conlideringbira lb carefully as I did before
my attempt, I have made fome faint rcfemblancc
of him. Dryden,

All of them, therefore, ftudtoufly chcriflied the
memory of their honourable extraction, and care-
fully prefcrved the evidences of it. Alterbury.

3. Providently.

4. Cautioufly.

CAR

Ca'refulness. »./. [from careful.'\ Vi-
gilance; heedfulnefs ; caution.

The death of Selymus was, with all careful.,
mfs, concealed by Fe.-hites.

Knolles's Hiftory of the Turil.

Ca'relesly. aci'v, [from carele/s.'\ Neg-
ligently ; inattentively ; without care ;
heedlefly.

There he him found all cartlefly difplay'd,
In fecreC Oiadow from the funny ray. fairy Su,

Not content to fee
That others write as carelify as he. H^aJler.

Ca'relesness. It, J, [from careUfs,'\
Hecdlefncfs ; inattention ; negligence ;
abfence of care ; manner void of care.

For Coriolanus neither to care whether they
love or hate him, manifcfts the true knowl-dge
he has in their difpofi^ion, and, out of his nohic
carelejnrfs^ lets them plainly fee i t. Slak, CorMarusw

Who, in the other extreme, only doth
Call a rough carclej'nefs good falhion ;
Whofe doak his (purs tear, or whom be fpits on,.
He cares not. Donne,

It makes us to walk warily, and tread fure, for
fear of our enemies ; and that is better than to
be flattered into pride and earelefnrfs,

Taylor's Rule tf Bving holy.

The ignorance or carelejnrji of the fervanls caa
hardly leave the maftcr difappointed. 'Temfle.

I who at fome times ftend, at others fpare.
Divided between carelejnefs and care. Pope.

Ca'reless. eic/J. [from care.1

1 . Having no care ; feeling no folicitude ;
unconcerned ; negligent ; inattentive ;
heedlefs ; regardlefs ; thoughtlefs ; ne-
gleftful ; unheeding; unthinking; un-
mindful : with 5/"or aicut.

Knowing that if thcworft bcfal them, they rtnll
lofe nothing but themfelves ; whereof they ferm
very carelefi. Spenfer,

Nor lolc the good advantage of his grace.
By fceming cold, or carelcfs of Vis will. Sbakeff.

A woman, the more curious ihe is about her
face, is commonly the more carelcfs about her
hjufe. BfH Jonfcn,

A father, unnaturally carelcfs of bis .child, (ells
or gives him to another man. Luke,

2. Cheerful; undifturbed.

Thus wifely carelcjs, innocently gay.
Cheerful he play'd. Pope,

In my cheerful morn of life.
When nurs'd by careltjs folituJe I liv'd,
Ar.d fung of nature with unccafing joy,
Pieas'd have I waAder'd through your rough do.
main. Thirnjitt,

3. Unheeded; thoughtlefs; unconfidered.

The freedom of- faying as many carelcfs things
as othe^ people, without being fo leverely remarked
upon. Pope.

4. Unmoved by ; unconcerned at.

Carilefs of thunder from the clouds that break,
My only omens from your looks 1 ..ilfv Granville.

To CARE'SS. -v. a. [carej/'cr, Fr. from
carus, Lat.] To endear; to fondle; to
treat with kindnefs.

If 1 can fiail, and pleafe, and carfs my mind
with the pleafures of worthy fpecularioni, or vir-
tuous pradlices, let greatnefs and malice vex and
abridge me, if ihcy can. Scsitt.

Care'ss. «./ [from the verb.] An aft
of endearment ; an cxpreflion of ten-
dernefs.

He, flie knew, would intermix
Grateful digrelTions, and folvt high difpute
With conjugal caries. Milton.

There are fome men who fecm to have btut\l
minds wrapt up in human Ihapes; their very
carejjcs are ciude and importur.r. L'EJlrangt,

After his fuccclTaur had publickly ow led him-
fclf a Rom.ui catholick, he began with his firrt «-
rej/<!s to the church part.. C-u-ift,

C.rRET,

CAR

CjfRET. n. f. \earet, Lat. there is want-
ing.] A note which fhews where fome-
thing interlined fliould be read.
CARGJSON. n. J. [cargafoft, Spanifti.]
A cargo. Not ufcd.
My body is a cergajfa of ill humours.

//eWf/'j Letters,

Ca'rgo. «. / [ciarg^.Fr.] The lading
of a ftiip ; the merchandife or wares
contained and conveyed in a fhip.

In the hurry of the fl>;f.vreck, Simonidcs was
the only man that appcaird unconcerned, notwjth-
flandin£ that his whole Ibrtune was at (lake in the
targe, L'EJirargc*

A (hip, whofe cargc was no lefs than a whole
world, chat carried the fortune and hopes of all
pcderity. Burnetii Ibrvry'

This gentleman was then a young adventurer
in the republic of letters, and juft fitted out for
the univerlity with a good cargo of Latin ana
Greet. Addijon.

Ca'ricous Tumour, [from carica, a fig,
Lat.] A fwelling in the form of a fig.

CjTRIES.n.f. [Latin.] That rottennefs
which is peculiar to a bone. Sluincy.

Fiflulas of a longcontinuap.ee, are, for the moft
part, accompanied with ulcerations of the gland,
and caries in the bone. Wijcmans Surgery,

Cario'sity. «. /. [from cariout.'^ Rot-
tennefs.

This is too general, taking in all ear'nfty and
ulcers of the bonei. H^ifenuin's Surgery.

Ca'rious. ae(/. [carlc/us, Lat.] Rotten.
1 dilcovered the blood to arife by a carhus tooth.

H%Kar.

Cark. «. /. [ceapc, Saxon.] Care;
anxiety ; folicitude ; concern ; hccdful-
nel's. This word i: now obfolete.

A.nd Klaiut taking for his youngli.-igs cart.
Left grtedy eyes to them might challenge lay,
Bufy with oker did their Ihouldcrs mark, siliiey.

He do«m did lay
His heavy head, devoid of careful cark. Sfenler.

CAR

Ca'uman. h. /. ( from f^f and wa«, ] A
man whofe employment it is to drive

To Cark. -v. n. [ceapcan, Saxon. J To
be careful ; to be folicitous ; to be anxi
ous. It is now very little ufed, and al-
ways in an ill fenfe.

I do find what a blefling is chanced to my life,
from fiich muddy abundance of rdr^mr agonies, to
ftates wh'.ch ftiU be adherent. SUtiej.

What can be vainer, than to lavifh out our lives
in the fe«th of ttiflea, and to lie carting fir the
unprofit..bTc foods rf this world ? L'EJirange.

Noth.ng can fupcrfele our own carkir.gi and
contrivantca for ouifcUeii, but the adurance tlm
God cares for us. Decay -jf Piety.

Carle. ».y: [ceopl, Saxon.]
I, A mean, rude, rough, brutal man.
We now ufc churl.

The carle bebeij, a«d faw his gueft
Would lafe depart, for ali his fubtilc fleighr.

Spenjer,
AnfwiT, thou carle, and judje tliis riddle right,
II frankly «wn thee for a cunning wight.

. Ciy's Pajlorais.

The editor wa» a covetous carle, and would have

bis pi-arh of the highcft price. Bentlcy.

2. A kind of hemp.

'1 he fimble to fpin and the car! for her feed.
/-■ , -'Tuffir.

Ca RLim THISTLE, [carlitta, Lat.] A
plant. Miller.

Carlinos. »,/ [In a fhip.] Timbers
lying fore and aft, alo.ig from one beam
to another ; on thtfe the ledges reft, on
which the p'an;« of the deck are made

^^% , Harris.

Vol. L

/'ii

If the ftrong cane fupport thy walking hand,
Chairmen no longer (hall the wall command j
E'en flurdy carmen (hall thy nod obey,
And rattling coaches ftop to make thee way.

Gtty^s Trivia.
Ca'rmklite. n. /. [c.trmelite, Fr.] A

fort of pear.
Carmi'n ATivE. fl<^'. [fuppofed to be fo
called, as having •vim carmiuis, the power
of a charm.]

Carmiiiati~^es are fuch things a; dilute and rilax
at the fame time, becaufe wind occafions a fpafm,
or convulfion, in fome parts. Whatever promotes
infenfible perfpiratiim, is ccrmisaiirie ; for wind is
petfpirable matter retained in the body.

jlrbutbna on jilimcnts.
Carmhctivt and diuretick
Will damp all palTi^n fympathetick. Stcifr.

Ca'rm iNE. n./. A bright red or crimfon
colour, bordering on purple, ufed by
painters in miniature. It is the mofl
valuable produift of the cochineal maf-
tick, and of an excelEve price.

Clramie^rs.

C.\'rkage. »./. [carnage, Fr. from caro,
carnii, Lat.]

1. Slaughter; havock ; maffacre. '

He brought the king's forces upon them rather
as to carnage than to fight, inlomuch as, without
any great lofs or danger to themfelves, the grcateft
part of the fcditious were (lain. Haytutsrd.

2. Heaps of flefh.

Such a fcent 1 draw
Of carnage, prey innumerable ' and raftc
The favour of death from all things there that live.

MUtiin.
His ample maw with human carvage fill'd,
A milky deluge next the giant fwiii'd. Pope.

CA'RNAL. adj. [carnal, Fr. carnalii,

low Lat.]
1. Flelhly; not fpiritual.

Thouiloll juftiy re<juire us to fubmit our un-
derrtandings to thine, and deny our wrna/realon,
in order to thy facred myftcries and commands.

Kmg Charles.
From that pretence
Spiritual laws by carnal f ow'r (hall force
On every confcience. Milton.

Not fuch in f<rr»«/ pleafure : for which caufe.
Among the bealli no macei°or thee was found.

MiilcB.

A glnrious apparition ! had not doufct,
And carnal fear, thai day dimm'd Adarn't eye.

. Milton.

He perceives plainly, that his appetite to fpiri-
tual things abates, in proportion as his fenfua)
appetite is indulged and encouraged ; and that
MrW difircs kill not only the defite, but even the
power, of tailing purer iKli^hts. Attcrbuty.

2. Luftful ; lecherous ; libidinous,

'I'liis carnal cur
Preys on the ifl'ue of his mother's body. S'ahjt.
CARNA'i,iTy. n. /. [from carnal.]

1. Flelhly lull ; compliance with carnal
defires.

If godly, why do they wallow and fleep in all
the carnalities of the world, underprecence of chrif-
tian liberty > s„uth.

2. GrofTnefs of mind.

He did not inltituie this way of worlhip, bat
becaufe of tlie carnality of their hearts, and the
proncnefs of that people ti> idolatry. TilUiion.

Ca'rvally. adv. [from carnal.] Ac-
cording to the flefh ; not fpiritually.

Wiiete they found min in diet, attire, furniture
of houfe, or any other way obfer\'ers of eivility

CAR

and decent order, fuch they reproved, as being
carr.ally and earthly minded. Mocker.

In the facranieijt we do not receive Chrift car^
nailj, but we receive him ffirituallt ; and that
of itfelf is a conjugation of blelTings and fpirituat
gi'acfs. Taylor's ffort'jy Coirrmnicanc.

Ca'rn ALNESS. n.J. The fame with i-ijv-
naltty. Dia.

Carna'tion. ». / [carnes, Lat.] The
name of the natural flelh colour, from
whence perhaps the flower is named ;
the name of a flower.

And lo the wretch ! whofe vile, whofe infefl luft
L>id this gay daughter of the fpring in dull :

0 pnr.ifh him ! or to the Elyfian (hades
Dilmifs my foul, where no carnation tades. Pope»

Carne'lion. n.f. A precious flone.

1 he common eamelisn <( its name from its

fleflicoioar: which is, in ume of thefe ftones,

paler, when it is called the female WHc/ion j in

others deeper, called the male. H^ooiltuarJ.

Ca'rneous. a.-//, [carneus, Lat.] Fiefhy.

In a calf, the umbilical veliels terminate in
certain bodies, divided into a multitude of carnemit
papillx. Ray.

To Ca'rnify. -v. m. [from caro, iarnis,
Lat.] To breed flelh; to turn nutri-
ment into flefh.

At the fame time I think, I deliberate, I par-
pofe, I command : in inferjour faculties, I walk,

1 fee, I hear, I Jigeft, I fanguify, I camify.
Hale's Origin of Mankintl.

Ca'rnival. n.f. [carna-val, Fr.] The
feartheld in the popifh countries before
Lent ; a time of luxury.

The whole yea. is but one mad carnival, and
we are voluptuous not fo much upon dcfire or
appetite, as by way of exploit and bravery.

Decay of Pity.
CarniVorous. ajj. [from camis and
■yoro. ] Fielh-catitig ; that of which flefh
is the proper food.

In birds there is no maftication or comminution
of the meat in the mouth ; but in fuch as are
not carnivorous, it is immediately fwallowed into
the crop or craw. Hay on the Creation.

Man is by his frame, as well as hi» jjipetite,
a carnivorous animal. j^rkuihnot on Abn:cnts,

Carno'sity. n.f. [carnoftii, Fr.] Flefby
excrefcence.

By this method, and by this courfe of diet, with

fudorificks, the ulcers arc healed, and that carno.

J!iy ref.Jved. mfman.

Ca rnous. adj. [from caro, carnii, Lat.l

FJefhy. •*

The firft or outward part is a tliick and Mrffo.vj

covering, like thai of a walnut ; the fccond, a dry

and flofculous coat, commonly called mace.

Broivns Vulgar Errcurs,

The mufcle whereby he is enabled to A.iw

hiijifelf together, the academifts defcribe to be a

diftinft Mnreaj TOufcle, extended to the ear.

, Ray on the Creation.

Ca rob, 01 St. John's Bread, [foliqua,

Lat.]

A tiee very common in Spain, and in fome parts
of Italy, where it produce, a great <)uantity of long,
fiat, brown. coloured pods, which are thick, meaiv,
and of a fweeti(h lafte. Thefe pods are eaten by
the poorer inhabitants. Mller.

Caro'che. n. f [from caroffe, Fr.] A
coach ; a carriage of plealUre. It is
ufed in the comedy of Albumaxar, but
now it is obfolete.

CA'ROL. //./ [carola, Jul, from chortO'

la, Lat,] ,

I. A fong of joy and exultation.

And let the Graces dance unto the reil.
For they cjo do it bed ;

Mm The

CAR

CAR

CAR

The whiles the mafdcnj do thtir can! fing,
To which the woods iliall anCwcr, and their echo
ring. Sferfcr'iEfitbaUirtlum.

Even In the Old Tcftamcnt, if you lifteii to Da-
vid's harp, yuu ihall bearu many heatfc-Ukc air^
as ctirals. Btaii^

Oppos'd to her, on t'other (ide advance
The'coltly fcaft, the caril, and the Janee,
Minttrels and muRck, poetry and play,
And balls by night, and couinaments by day.

VryJen*

2, A fong of devotion.

No night is now with hymn or fjrj.'hieft.

Skakcffrart.
They gladly thither hafle ; and, by a choir
Ot'fqiijJrnn'd angel!, hear his ierel fung. Milttn.

3. A fong in general.

The i-aro/ they began that hour.
How that a ilt- was but a flower; Sheiefp.
To Ca'rol. o". a. [catolnre, Ital.] To
fing ; to wacble ; to fing In joy and
feftivity.

Hai k, how the cheerful bird* do chant their lays.
And ftfro/ of love's praife. Sjxnfrr,

This done, flie fung, and cariirj out fo clear,
That men and angels might rejoice to hear. Vryd,

Hov'rlng fwans, their throats relcas'd
From native filence, carJ founds harmonious.

Prior.

To Ca'rol. v, a. To praife ; to celebrate
in fong.

She with preciouj viol'd lt<]uors heals,
For which the fliepherds at their feftivals
Ctrd her goodnefs loud in rullick lays. Jlfiltsn.
Ca'rotid. atl/. [carctides, Lat.] Two
arteries which arife out of the afcending
trunk of the aorta, near where the fub-
clavian arteries arife.

The (areliJ, vertebral, and fplenicfc arteries, are

rot only varioofly contorted, but ,ilfo here and

there dilated, to moderate the motion of the blood.

Jiay on the CrcatisTf,

CaRo'usal. «. /. [from carcti/e. It feems
more properly pronounced with the ac-
cent upon the fecond fyllable ; but
Drydiii accents it on the firft.J A felli-
val;

This game, thefe caraufah Afcanlos taught.
And building Alba to the Latins brought. Drydcn.
To C-'^RO'USE. -v. n. [camufer, Fr.
firoro gar au/z, all out. Germ.] To
drink ; to quaff"; to drink largely.

He Ci>lls for wine : aheikh, quorh he, asif
Tl'ad been aboard carntfrig to his mates
After a ftorm. Skalcfpeart.

Learn with how little life may be preleiv'd,
la gld and myrrh lliey need not to fomiijr. Ralc:gh,

Itow hats fly off, and youths taroaft,
HetlltM firft go round, and then the lioufc,
Vi^ brides came thick and thick. Sh.-Z/.b;.

Cndcr the ihaJow of friendly bougha
They fiieanu/inj;, where their liquor grow?. IVj'ltr,

Tc Ca»o'i;»e. f. a. Todrinkuplaviflily.
Now my ficU fool, Rodcrigo,
Whom love hath turn'd almaft the wrong fide out,
To Defdf mona hath to-night ctmuid
dotations pottie deep. ' Shairffcurt.

Our cheerful guefts cantije the fparkling teats
Ol the rich gragc, whiift inufick charms their ears.

Dtnham.

Caro'use. »./. [from the verb.]

1. A drinking match.

Wafte in wiU riot what your land allows.
There ply the early feaft, and late canuft. Pcfc.

2. A hearty dofe of liquor.

He had Co many eyes watching over him, as

he could not drink a lull airnuff of (tick, but the

ftatc wasadvcrtifeJ thereof within few hours after.

Dai'ies on Ir£/ar:J.

Plejfc you, we may contrive this alKrnoon,
Aai <)ua.T caries to oiu BuiLitk' Jwalth. Siuk.

Caro'user. n. /. [from caroit/e.] A
drinker ; a toper.

Tlie bold carcujer, and advent'ring dame.
Nor fear the fever, nor rcfufe the flime ;
Safe in his Ikill, from all conftraint fct free
Bat conlcious (hame, remurfe, and piety.

GnJltvllIf,

Carp. n./. [carfe, Fr.] A pond filh.

A friend of mine ftorcd a pond of tlirec or four
acres with carpi and tench,

Hflle^t Origin nf MarkirJ,

To CARP. -J. n. {carpo, Lat.] To cen-
furc ; to cavil ; to find fault : with at
before the tiling or perfon cenfured.

TcrtuUian even often, through difcontentnient,
ecrprih injurioufly at them, as though they d.d
it even when tliey were free from fuch meaning.

Hooktr,
This your all-licens'd fool
Docs hourly carp and quarrel, breaking forth
In rank and not to be endured riots. Hhakcjptare.

No, not a tooth or nnil to fcratch
And a! my adlions carp or catch. Herbert,

When 1 fpoke.
My honeft homely words wereiwr^V aitd cenfur'd.
For want of courtly ftile. Drydcn

Ca'rpenter. k./. [charpentier, Fr.] An
artificer in wood ; a builder of houfes
and fliips. He is diftinguilhed from a
joiner, as the carpenter performs larger
and llronger work.

This work performed with advifement good,
Godfrey his carpculcn, and men of ikill
In all the camp, fent to an aged wood. Fairfax,

In building Micro's great fli'p, there were diree
hundred carpenters employed for a year together.

miHni.

In burden'd veflcls firft with fpeedy care,
His plenteous (lores do feafon'd timbers fend j

Thither the brawny carpenters repair.
And, as the furgcons of maim'd (hips, attend.

Drydcti.

CA'RFENTRy. »./. [froM Carpenter,'] The
trade or art of a carpenter.

It had been more proper for me to have intro-
duced carpentry before joinery, b-:caufc ncceiruy
did duubtief^ compel our forcfat'ners to ufe the
conveniency of the (:r*1, rather than the extrava-
gancy of the Uil. McXin's Mechanical Exercijes.

Ca'rper. n, /, [from To carp.] A ca-
viller j a cenforious man.

I have not ihclc weeds.
By putting on the cunning of a carper. Sbatefp.

CATIPET. »./ [iarpet, Dutch.]

1. A covering of various colourf, fpreatl
upon floors or tables.

Be the Jacki fair within, the Jills fair without,
carpers laid, and every thing in order ? ihaketp,

Againil the wall, in the middle of the half pace,
is a chair placed before him, with a table and carpet
before it. Bacon.

2. Ground variegated with flowers, and
level and fmooth.

Co, fignify ns much, while here we march
Upon the giaily carper of this plain- Shakrjpeare.

The farmer ground (hall be with leivcj o'er(prea^!.
And boughs ihall weave a cov'ring for your hcid.

Drjdeti.

3. .Any thing variegated.

The whole dry land is, for the moft part, co-
vered over with a lovely carpet of green grafs, and
other herb;'. Ray,

4. Carpet is ufed, proverbially, for a ftate
of cafe and luxury ; as, a cai-pct kniglit,
a knight that has never known the field,
and has recommended himfelf only at
table.

He is knight duhbed with unbacked rapier,
and oa iurpet tonfid:ratjon. $tii'fp:are.

5. To be on the carptt {fur k tapis, Fr.J
is to be the fubjeft of confideration ; an
affair in hand.

To Ca'rpet. <i>. a, [from the noun.] To
fpread with carpets.

We found him in a fair chamber, richly hanged
and carpeted under foot, without any degrees to
the ftate ; he was fet upon 1 low throne, richly
adorned, aivl a rich cloth of ftate over his head,
of blue fat:in embroidered. Jiacon,

The dry land we (ind every where naturally
carpetat o\ex with grali, and other agreeable whole,
fomc plants. Dertam.

Ca'rping. particip, adj, [from To carp.]
Captious ; cenforious.

No carping critick interrupts his praife.
No rival drives but for a fecond place. Gram'Vk*

Lay afide therctbre a carping fpirit, and read
even an adverfary with an honeft defign to (ind out
his true meaning ; do not fnatch at little lapfes,
and appearances of miftake. fi'attt*

Ca'kp I sr.LY, adv. [fttiia carping,'] Cap*
tioufly ; cenforioufly.

We derive out of the Latin at fecond hand by

the French, and make good Englidi, as in the(e

advetbs, carpitigly, currently, aftivcly, colnurjbly.

Camden^s Remains.'

Ca'rpmeai,s. n,/. A kind of coarfe cloth
made in the North of England.

Phillips's World of Words.

CJ'RPUS, n, f, [Latin.] The wrift, fo
named by anatomifls, which is made up
of eight little bones, of different figures
and thicknefs, placed in two ranks, four
in each rank. They are flrongly tied
together by the ligaments which come
from the radius, and by the annulary
ligament. ^incy,

1 found one of the bones of the tarpus lyinj
loofe in the wound. JVijcman's Surgery.

Ca'rrack. See Carack.
Ca'rrat. See Carat-.
Ca'rraway. See Caraway.

Nay, you (hall fee mine orchard, where, in an
arbour, wc will eat a laft year's pippin of my own
grafting, with J di(h o{ carratvjys, and fo forth j
come, cou(in, filcncc, and then to bed.

Sbakejpeare^s Henry iV,

Ca'rriage. n.f, [cariage, Fr. baggage ;
from carry.]

1 . The ad of carrying, or tranfporting, or
bearing any thing.

The unequal agitation of the winds, thouglx ma-
terial to the carriage of founds farther or iefs way,
yet do not confound the articulation.

Baeens h'jtural Hifory.

If it fcems fo ftrange to move this obeli(k for f>
little fnaee, wh.it m.iy we think of the carria/re of
it out of Egypt .' H'tikins.

2. Conquert ; acquifition.

Solym.m rcfolved t-> bcltege Vlenn.ij in good
hope that, by the carriage away of that, the other
cities would, without refift.ince, he yielded.

KntiUa'! Hijlcry cf the Turks,

3. Vehicle ; that in which any thing is
carried.

Wh-»t horfe or carriage can take up and bea»
away all the lopplngt of a branchy tree at once i"

IVatis.

4. The frame upon which cannon is car-
ried.

He commanded the gre.it ordnaioe to be laid
up-in carriages^ which before lay hound in great un-
wieldy timber, with rings f.irtencJ thereto, and
cuuld not handfomely be removed to or fro,

Knillei's Hiji.ry oftbeTurit.

5. Beliaviour ; perfonal manners.

Betoic hi» eyes he did call a mili, by bif own

inlinuaUun,

CAR

infinujt'on, and by the carriage of his yoath, that
_ exprcffcd a njcursl priocdy bduviour.

Baton's HceryVU.
i hough in my face there '» no affedted trown.
Nor in my carriage a fcign'd nicenefs (hown,
I keep my honour ftill without a ftair.. DryJcn.
_ Let them have ever fc learned leisures o» breed-
ing, that which will n.o(> inftuence their i j,-r;a<rf
will be the company they convcrle with, and ilte
falhnn of thofe about tliem. Luk',

6. ConduA; raealiires ; practices.

You may hurt yourlellj nay, utterly
Grow iron; tlic kin-'s ac^i aintance, by- this car-

„ '^^'\ . i:i^t,J>eare.

He ajiiied the new gJvernour to ]uvc (o much
dilcrccion m his ca.riage, that there might be no
notice taken m the wcrcife of his religion.
- _ Clitrerdon.

7. Management; manner of tranfaaine
Not ufed. ^'

The manner of carriai^e of the bufinefs, was as
If there had been fccret in<]tr;C:ion upon him.
, Baccn'$ Henry \l\.

C.\ RRlER. n.f. [from To carry.]

1. One who carries fomething.

You mull diiHogu.A between the motion of
the ajr, which is but a vihichim cauf,, a earner
of the lounds, and the founds conveyed.

_ . , , Bacmt Natural Hiflnry.

iot wiBdi, when homeward they return, wlu
• nve

The lojdedfflrn>( from their evening hive. Dryd.

2. One whofe profeffion or trade is to carry
goods for others.

I have rather made it my choice to tranfcribe
all, thau tovoiiuie the lofs of my originals by poll

_, . fierce I Leilerl.

i he roads are crowded with earncn, laden ■vith
nch rnanutaftures. Siv'-'''

3. A meflenger; one who carries a mef-
fage.

The welcome newi U In the letter found;
The earner •« not commimonM to expound ;
It fpeak. itfelf Dryde.', JU/igi, La.a.

4. 1 he name of a fpecies of pigeons, fo
called from the reported praftice of fome
natioos, who fend them with letters tied
to their necks, which they carry to the
place where they v.-ere bred, however
remote.

There ate tame and wild pigeons ; and of tame
tfiere are croppers, rarrin-j, r.i„ts. fTahin', Ar.rler.
CA'RRION. ,./ [char<,gne, Fr.]
I. The c-ircafs of fomething not proper
for food. "

The) did eat the dead eeirrUm,, and one another
foon atter J infomuch that the very circailes they
fcraped out cf their graves. iWer <». htUnl

It is I,
Tha-, lying by the violet in the fun.
Do as tlu; caniui H.ies, not as the flower. Sbaiefb.

1 his foul deed Ihall fmell above the earth.
With ftfrrKo men groaning f jr burial.

V .11 /. I. /*"*'.'}'■««■»>/'>'« C.Wir.

You 11 aflc me why I- rather choofe to have
A weight afearriti flelh, than t > receive
Thjee tlioufand ducats. SlaU/>. M.rcb. e.f ir„ke.

Rr.ven. are fcen in flock, where a carrion lies,
and wolves in herds to run down a deer. Temple

SI,eep,_oxen, horfea fall ; and he.ip'd on high,
1 h" Am ring fpecies in cnnfution lie j
1 .11 warn-d by frequent ills, the way they found
T « lodge theit loathlome carntn under ground.

Critic ki as they are birds of prey, have ever a
natonl inclin«ion to racTOn. p,^,^

2. Anv fleOi fo corrupted as not to be fit
lot food.

No. ,11 that pride that make, thee fwcll,
As big as thou doft blov/n-up veal •
Nor ail thy tricks and flights to cheat,
Sx J all thy rarr/w for ^ood meat. Huditrai.

CAR

The wolves will get a breakfaft by my death.
Yet fcarce enough tlieir hunger to fupply,
for love has made me carrPjn ere I die. Dryd.v.

3. A name of reproat;h for a worthlefs
woman.

Shall we fend that fooliih carrhn, Mrs. Quickly,
to him, and cxcufe his throwing into the water ?

Shi2k;ffear!.

Ca'rrion, aeij. [from the fnbftantive.]
Relating to carcaffes ; feeding upon
carcafles.

Match to match I have en-tr>nr'!»'d h-m
And made a prey for carricn kites and zro's,
Ev'n of the bonny bcalis he. bv d fo wtl!.

„, . Shairlfeert's lieny VI.

ilie charity of our dcath-leU villti. trom or.c

CAR

^ — „„. uvuiii-i.i;u viiir!> rrom one

another, is mucli at a rat.: with that of a c.irrki,
crow to a fliecpj we fmcll a caicals. VI-:ftrang€
CA'RROT. «./ [carole, Fr. eicuuu Lat.]
An efculent root.

CirrM, thougji ga.Jcn roots, yet they do well

m the fiells for feed. Mcr.i^er.

His fpoufe order, the fack to be Immedi.fly

opened, and greedily pulls out if it half a d zei.

bunches ot carrots. Der.r-

Ca'rrotiness. h./. [fromf<»rra/)-.] Red-
nefs of iuir.

CA'RfLOTY. aeij. [from earrtf.] Spoken
of red hair, on account of its refem-
blancc in colour to carrots.
Ca'rrows. n.f. [an Irilh word.]

The carrm-i arc a kiud of people that wander
up and down ti gentle rcn's houfes, livin • only
•po« caiJs and dice; .vho, ihoui-h they have little
or nothing of their own, y«t will they play f„r
much money. s^„,.,^ Jj, l^^^

To CA'RRY. 'V. a. [cbarm; Fr. from cur-
rus, Lat. ]

I. To convey /«« a place : oppofcd to
bring, or convey to a place : often with a
particle, lignifying departure, as a^wity.

When be dieth, he Ihall carry nothing away.

. , , Pialm xlix. 18

And devout men carried Stephen to his burial.

AUs, viii. 2.
I mean to carry her awuji this cienlij.» by the
help of thefe two liildieri. Dryden', Kfanyi Friar.
As in a hiveVs vimineoub dome,
Ten thoufand bees enjoy their home;
Each docs her ftudious aftion vary.
To go and come, to fetch and carry. Prior.
They expofed their goods with the price mark-
ed, then retired ; the merchants came, Irft the
price which they would give upin tlic goo.f , and
retired ; the .Seres returning, «rrK</ 5^ cirhcr their
goods or money, as tliey liked belt. Aibutino:

2. To tranfport.

Thty began to carry about in beds thofe that
*'"/"^- A/a,^vi. c.-.

The Ipecies of audiblea feem to be carrud m-re
manilettly through the air, than the fpecies of
vihblci. » „

Where many great ordnance are (hot off togc.
thcr, the found will be carried, at the lead, twenty
miles upon the land. BaoL

3. To bear ; to have about one.

_Oo not lake out bones like furgeons I have met
with, who i-arry them about in their pockets.
_, If^fcmati'i Surgery.

4. To take ; to have with one.

If the ideas of liberty and volition were carried
along with u. in our minds, a great part of the
difficulties that perplex men's thoughts would be
eaf.or refolvoJ. i,,^,.

ihave liftened with my utmoft attention for
half an hour to an r>r,itor, without being able to
c.irry away one Ijrglc fcntcncc out of a whole
fermon. Swift.

5 . To convey by force.

Go, carry Sir Jihn FaliUft'to the Fleet;
Take all his compaay along with him.

Shaiijj'eare't Henry IV.

6. To e/Fea any thing.

Tlierc are lomc vain pcrfons, that wlntfoever
6°'="' *'""'■■> or moveth upon greiter means, if
they have never fo little hand in it, titcy think it

IS tliey that carry it. £^„„.

Ott-tirr.cs we bfc tlie occafion of carryi^^ a
buCntfs well thoroughly by our too -much hiHe.
^ Beu'J:nf:v'i Difcotjcry.

Thefe advan'ag.-s will be of n 1 elfect, uiiicfs wr
impr.ve them to words, in the earrfwe ot our
"j:;" I"""?- . Adj,jc«.

7-10 gain in competition.

And hardly Cm\\ \ ^arry out my lije.
Her hiiiband being aiive. &bale{f.-are\ KingLeir.

-H ,w many (land for conful'lhips .> ^Three,

they fay ; but it is thought of emv one Corio-
lanus „,I1 rj.-._y it. ' SbAkefpcare.

1 Ice no; yet how any of rhefc fir rcaons can la
fairly avoided ; and yet if anv of them hold good,
it "enough to carry the auk. Saunderln.

1 lie latter ftill enjoying his place, and coutiuu.
ing a joint commiffioner of the treafury, ftill op.
poled, and commonly carried away every thins
againfthim. cLndo..

8- 1 o gain after refiftance.

The count woos your daughter,
Lays down his wanton ficge before her beauty ;
Refolves to carry her ; let her confent.
As we'll dirca her now, 'tis bed to bear it. Shjit

Wliat a fortune does the thick lips owe,

^= 'sn ^"rry her thus ? StaktfpeariS Othdlo.

The town was diftrelfed, and ready for 'an aiVault,
which. It it Lad been given, would have coft much
blood : but yet the town would have been carried
'"''''"'^' Bacmicnry Vn.

9. To gain : with // ; that is, to prevail.
\_le porter, Fr.]

Aie you all refolv'd to give your voices .>

But that '» no matter j the grea.cr part carriei it,

_ , Hkikcjfcare,

Sy thefe, and the like arts, they promifej them.-

fclvci that they Ciould ealily carry ,Vj fo that t!)ey

entertained the houle ail the morning with other

'''=^:'.«'- , , Clarendon.

II the numcroufnefs of a train muft carry it,
virtue may go follow Aar*a, and vice only will be
"''"''/''= courting. . GlanviUe.

Children, who lue together, often drive for
maftcry, whofe wills ihall carry it over the reft.

In pleafures and pains, the prefent is aot t»
carry it, and thofe at a diftance have the difadvan.
tagc in the comparifon. Lucie,

10. To b«ar out; to face through: with

If a man carriet it off, there i. (, much money
fared ; and if he be detefted, there will be fome-
thiog pleafant in the frolick. VBfliange,

1 1. 7"o continue e.vternal appearance.
My niece is already in the belief that he 's mad •

we may carry it thus for our pleafure and his re!
Ranee. ci_, ., ^

r,. . cshakejteare.

i2. To manage; to tranfaft.

The fcnate is grncrully as numerous as our houfe
of commons ; and yet carrio It; rcfolutions fe ~
privately, that they are feldom known.

Addifin an Jiali.

1 3. To behave ; to conduiS : with the re-
ciprocal pronoun.

Nfglca not alfo the example, of thofe that have
carried tbemjckei ill in the fame pl.icc. Bacm.

He attcnJcJ the king into Scotland, where he
did carry hmjelf wAi much Angular fwcctnefs and
t:mper. ry

at carried hmfclf(om(o\fM\y\naiehiafc, and
out of the houfe, to all perfons, that he>became
odious. r/^.. J

14- sonaetimes with // ; as, ftic carries it
high.

! M m 2 15. Tf»

CAR

15. To bring forwird ; to advance in any
prog re fs.

lb u nut (0 b« imagineJ how Tar conlVancy will
catrj a manj however, it \% better walking flowly
in a rugjcd way, than to break a leg and be a crip-
ple. ' ^ Lockr.

This plain natural Mray, without grammar, can
carry them to fireat elegancy and politcncfs in their
laOoMiage. LmU.

There is no vice which mankind carria to fuih
wild extremes, as that of avarice* Sivift*

16. To urge ; to bear forward with fome
kind of external iinpulfe.

Men are (liongly carr'uA out to, and hardly took
off from, the practice of vice. South,

He that the world, or flcrti, or devil,. can mr/y
nway from the profeflion of an obedience to Chritt,
is DO fon of tlie faithful Abraham.

Hjmmond^ s Prafiicai Catetbifm,

. Ill nature, palTion, and revenge, will cany them

too far in punilhing others ; and therefore God

bath (.ertainly appointed government torellrain the

partiality and violence of men. Lccke.

17. To bear ; to have ; to obtain.

In fome vegetabifs, we Ice fomething thatftfrr/Vj
a kind of analogy to feiilc ; they contract their
learn againA the cold ) they open them to the fa-
vourable heat. Holers Origin cf Mankind,

18. To exhibit to (how; to difplay on the
outfide ; to fet to view.

The afpe^ of every one in the family carrin fo
much fatlsfa^ion, that it appears he knows his
happy lot. AJtUJcn,

19. To imply ; to import.

It catr'ui too great an imputation of ignorance,
lightnels, or foUy, for men to quit and renounce
their former tenets, prefently, upon the offer of an
argument which they cannot immediately anfwer.

Locke,

20. To contain ; to comprife.

He thought it carried fomething of argument in
it, to prove that doSrine. ff^uili on tbc Mit:d.

21. To have annexed ; to have any Uiing
joined : with the particle ivith.

There was a righteous and a fcarching law, di-
rcOl) forbidding fuch practices ; and they knew
that it cariied -with it the divine ftamp. Smth.

There are many exprelTions, which carry wiri
them to my mind no clear ideas. Licke.

The obvious portions of extenfion, that a(&^
our frnfes, carry tuitb them into the mind the idea
ri 6.iiic. Locke.

zz. To convey or bear any thing united
or adhering, by communication of mo-
tion.

We fee a!fo manifcftly, that founds are tarried
with wind : and therefore founds will be heard
tiutfaer with the wind than againd the wind .

Baeon*t Natural Hijicry,

73. To move or continue any thing in a
certain direftion.

l-lis chimney is carried up through the wh:>lc
rock, fo that you fee the Iky throuj;h ii, not^vith-
ftinding the rooms lie viry deep. Jhidiji-r: <,n Italy.

24. To pufh on ideas, arguments, or any
thing fucceflive in a train.

Manctho, that wrote of the Egyptians, hath
carried up their government to an incredible dif-
tance. //(.-A's Origin of Maitkird.

25. To receive ; to endure: rwt in ufe.

Some have in readincls fo many odd ftorie.-, as
there is n'Jthing but they can w.ap it into a tale,
to make others carry it witli more p'eafure. Bacon.

26. To convey by means of fomething
fupporting.

Cfrry camoinile, or wild thyme, or the grc;n

ftrawbsrry, upon fticks, as you do hops upon poles.

Bacon i Nalaral ilijioiy.

17. To bear, as trees.

Set them a rcafonnble depth, and tliry will carry
(Here lho«» apon tbe liaa, {iaun't Nat. Vifi.

CAR

z8. To fetch and bring, as dogs.

Young whelps learn ealily to earry \ yoong
popinjays learn quickly to fpeak.

Afcbam'i Scbeelmajfer,

29. To carry off. To kill.

Old I'arr lived to one hundred and fifty-three
years of age, and might have gone further, if the
change of air ha'd not carried him off. Temple,

30. To carry on. To promote ; to help
forward.

It cairiei on the fame defign that is promoted
by authors of a graver torn, and only docs it in
another manner. AddiJ'in.

31. To carry on. To continue ; to put for-
ward from one ftage to another.

By the adminiftration of grace, begun by our
blelfed Saviour, carried on by his difcipies, and to
be completed by their fuccelTours to the world's
end, all types that dai.;cned this faith are en-
lightened. Sfratt.

A^neas's fettlcmcnt in Italy was carried on
through all tl.c oppofitions in his way to it, both
by fcj and land. Addifin.

32. To carry on. Toprofecutc; not to let
ccafe.

France will not confent to furnifli us with mo-
ney fufficicnt to carry m the war. Temple.

33. To carry through. Tofupport; to keep
from failing, or being conquered.

That grace will carry ui, if we do not wilfully
betray our fuccours, viftorioufly ihrougb all diffi-
culties. Uamrmnd.

To Ca'rry. 'V. n.

1. A hare is faid by hunters to carry,
when Ihe runs on rotten ground, or on
froft, and it fticks to her feet.

2. A horfe is faid to carry <vjeU, when his
neck is arched, and he holds his head
high ; but when his neck is (hort, and
ill-ftiaped, and he lowers his head, he
is faid to carry lonjj.

Ca'rry-tale. ». /. [from carry and
tale.'] A talebearer.
Some carry-tale, fome pleafeman, fome flight
zany.
Told our intents before. ShaKLove^s Labour Loft.

CART. ». / See Car. [cpsr, cpai.
Sax.]

1. A carriage in general.

The Scytiiians are defcribed hy Herodotus to
lodge always in carti, and to feed upon the milk
of mares. Temple.

Triptoiemus, fo fung the Nine,

Stri'w'd plenty from his >ar: divine. Pryden.

2. A wheel-carriage, ufed commonlj? for
luggage.

Now while my friend, juft ready to depjrt,
^^ as packing all his goods in one poor cait.
He itopp'd a liitK— — Diydei'i Juvenal.

3. A fmall carriage with two wheels, ufed
by hufbandmen ; diftinguilhed from a
ii:.tggcn, which has four wheels.

Alas ! whatweights are thole that load my heart!
I am as dull as winter ftarved (hecp,
Tir'd as a jade in overloadsn earl. Sidney.

4. The vehicle in which criminals are
carried to execution.

The fquire, whofc good grKC was to open the
fcene,
Vow fitted the halter, now travers'd the cart.
And often took leave, but was loth to depart.

Prior.

To Cart. v. a. [from the noun.] To ex-
pofe in a cart, by way of piinilnment.

Ucraocritus ne'er laugh'd fo loud.
To fee bawds carted through the crowd. UuJiirau

No woman led a better life :
She to intrigues was e':n hard-hearted;

She chuckled wbsn a bawd was (tried;

CAR

And thought the nation ne'er would thr'ire,

Till all th; whores wcr« burnt alive. Pritr,

Ta Cart. <v, n. To ufe carts for carriage.

Oxen are not fo good for draught, where y.iu
have occafion to carl much, but for winter plough,
ing. Mortimer*

Cart-horse. »./ [from cart zadior/e.]
A coarfe unwieldy horfe, fit only for the
cart.

It was determined, that thefe fick and wounded
foldiers lliould be carried upon the eart-bu/ei.

JCno/les,

Cart-jade. »./. [from far/ and _/W^.]
A vile horfe, fit only for the cart.

He came nut with all his clowi^, horfed upon
fuch carl jade!, fo furnirtied, I fliought if that
were thrift, I wifiied none of my' friends or fub-
jefls ever to thrive. Sidney.

Cart-load. »./ [from eart and loac/,]

1 . A quantity of any thing piled on a cart.

A cart-load of carrots appeared of darker co-
lour, when looked upon where the points were
obverted to the eye, than where the fides were fo.

Boyle.

Let Wood and his accomplices travel about a
country with carl loads of their ware, and fee who
will taice it. Svti/l.

2. A quantity fufficient to load a cart.
Cart-rope. ». /. [cart and roft.] A

ftrong cord ufed to faften the load on
the carriage : proverbially any thick
cord.
Cart-way. n. /. [from cart and tvay.]
A way through which a carriage may
conveniently travel.

Where your woods are large, it is beft to hare
a cart-way along the middle of them.

Mortimer I Hujbandry*

CARTE BLANCHE. [French.] A blank
paper ; a paper to be filled up with fuch
conditions as the perfon to whom it is
fent thinks proper.

Ca'rtei-. n.f. [cartel, Fr. cartello, Ital.]

1 . A writing containing, for the moft parr,
ftipulations between enemies.

As this difcord amorv.j the fiftethood is Ukely to
engage them in a long and lingering war, it i» the
more neceflary that there Ihouid b; a cartel fettled
among them. AddifonU Frecbaldtrt

2. Anciently any publick paper.

Thry flatly difavouch
To yield him more obedience, or fupport ;
And as to perjur'd duke of Lancafter,
Their cartel of defiance, they prefer.

Daric/t Civil Wtr.

Ca'rter. n. f. [from cari,'\ The man
who drives a cart, or whole trade it is
to drive a cart.

Let mi- be no afiillant for a ftate.
But keep a farm, and cartert, Sbakijp. Hamlets
The Divine goodnefs never fails, provided that,
ac • rding to the advice of Hercules to die carter,
we putourownfliduldcrs to tlie work. L'Eftrange.
Cartfr and hoft confronWd face to tace. Dryden,.
It is the prudence of a carter to put beils upon
his horfcs, to make (hem carry iheir burdens
chi'crfuliy. Vrydtn: Dufrelnoy.

CA'RTILAGE. «./ [cartilago, Lat.] A
fmooth and folid body, fofter than- a
bone, but harder than a ligament. In it
are no cavities or cells for containing of
marrow ; nor is it covered over with .any
membrane to make it fcnfible, as the
bones are. The cartilages have a. na-
tural elaflicity, by which, if they are
forced from their natural figure or fitua-
tion, they return to it of thcmfelves, as
foon as that force is tnksn away. ^mcy.

Cinals,

CAR

Canals> bydegreej, are abolifheil, and grow folid j
feveral of them united grow a membrane ; thcfe
membranes further toniblidatrd become cartilages,
and cartilagn bones. Ariutbnot.

Cartilagi'neous. 7 <7<^". [from carti-
Cartila'cikous. j lage.'\ Confifting
of cartilages.

By what artifice the eari't/jgyin"" liind of fiflies
poife themfclvej, afcend and defcend at pleaiurc,
and continue in what depth uf water they lid, is as
yet unknown. Ray.

The larynr gives paflage to the breath, and,
as the breath paiTcth through the rimula, malces a
vibration of thofe cartilaginous bodies, which forms
that breath into a vucal found or voice.

HzliUr^s E'^neris of Speech*
Carto'on. «./ [far/on^, Ital.] A paint-
ing or drawing upon large paper.

It IS with a V'llgar idea that t:ie world beholds
the cartoati of Raphael, and every one feels his
fharc of pleafure and entertainment.

JVaits's Lcgick.
Carto'uch. »./. [cartouche, Fr.]
I. A cafe of wood three inches thick at
the bottom, girt round with marlin, and
holding forty-eight mufket-balls, and fix
or eight iron balls of a pound weight.
It is fired out of a hobit or fmall mor-
tar, and is proper for defending a pafs.

Harris.
a. A portable box for charges.
Ca'r TRACE. In./, [cartouche, Fr.] A
Ca'rtridce. J cafe of. paper or parch-
ment filled with gunpowder, ufed for
the greater expedition in charging guns.

Our monaich ttands in perfon by.
His new-cali cannons firmnefs to explore ;

The (Irength of big-corn'd powder loves to try.
And ball and eartrage forts for every bore. DryJen.

Ca'rtrut. n. /. [from cart and rut;

route, a way.] The track made by a cart

wheel.
Ca'rtulary. »./ [from charta, paper,

Lat.] A place where papers or records

are kept.

Ca'rtwrioht. n. f. [from cart and
•Wright.] A maker of carts.

Alter local names, the mod name; hive been
derived from occupations or profelCons ; as, Tay-
lor, Potter, Smitli, Cariiorigbt. CamMnS Rtmains.

To CARVE, v. a. [ceoppan. Sax, ierven,

Dutch.]
1 . To cut wood, or Hone, or other matter,
into elegant forms.

Talcing tiie very refufe, he hath carved it di-
ligently when he had nothing dfe to do.

ty.Jdtm, xiii. 1 3.
Hal Democrates really carved mount Athos
into a ftatie of Alexander the Great, and had the
ni.mfry of the faft been obliterated by fome ac-
tiucnt, who could aftcrwarils have proved it im-
p-iTibk, but that it might cafually have been ?
_ Ben:lcy.

z. To cat meat at the table.

3. To make any thing by carving or cut-
ting.

Yet fearing idlenefs, the nurfe of ill.
In fculpture cxercis'd his happy Ikill j
And carvj in ivory fuch a maid lo fair,
A' nature could not with his art compare,
W.re Ihe t., work. ^ j^_

4. 10 engrave.

■ O Rofalind, thefe trees (hall be my books.
And in their barks my thoughts IM charafter ;

That every eye, which in this foreft looks,
Shall fee thy virtue witnefaM every where.
Run, run, Orlando, carve on every tree
Tiie fair, the chaftc, the unejtf rsfli« flie. Siak.

CAS

5. To diftribute; to apportion; to pro-
vide at will.

He had been a keeper of his flocks both from
the violence of robbers and his own foldiers, who
could eafily have carved themfclves their own
'ood. South.

How dares finful duft and aflies invade the pre-
rogjti\e of Providence, and carve out to himfelf
the feafons and iffiies of life and death ? Siutb.

The labourers' fliare, being feldom more than a
bare fubfiftence, never allows that body of men
opportunity to ftrugjie with the richer, unlefs when
fome common and great diftrefs emboldens tliem
to fdro/f to their wants. . Lcckc.

6. To cut ; to hew.

Or they will buy his (heep forth of the cote,
Or they will carve the ihcplierd'i throat.

Sfenfer's Pajlorofs.

Brave Macbeth, with his brandilh'd Reel,
Like valour's minion, canied out his paffage. Slak.

To Carve, -v. n.

1 . To exercife the trade of a fculptor.

2. To perform at table the office of fup-
plying the comj)any from the dirties.

1 do mean to make love to Ford's wife j I fpy
entertainment in her; (he difcourfcs, flic carva,
(he gives the leer of invitation,

Shakejpcarc's Merry ff^ives of iVindJor.

Well then, things handfomely were ferv'd ;
My miftrefs for the ftrangers carv'd. Prior.

Ca'rvel. n./. A fmall fhip.

I gave them order, if they found any Indians

there, to f^-nd in the little fly-boat, or the carve/,

into the river; for, with our great (hips, we durft

not approach the coall. Raleigh.

Ca'rver. n. f. [from f art//.]

1. A fculptor.

All arts and artifts Thefeus could command.
Who fold for hire, or wrought for better fame j
The mafter painters and the carvers came. Drydeti.

2. He that cuts up the meat at the table.

Meanwhile thy indignation yet to raife.
The carver, dancing round each difli, furveys
With flying knife, and, as his art direfts.
With proper geftarea cv'ry fowl diir-fts. Dryd;r:.

3. He that apportions or diftributes at will.

In this kind, to come in braiing arms.
Be his own carver, and cut out his wav.
To nnd out right with wrongs it may not be.

Shakcjf care's Richard II.

We are not the carvers of our own fortunes,

, h'Eflratlgr.

Ca RViNG, It./, [from fflri;^ .] Sculpture;
figures carved.

1 hey can no more laft Uke the ancients, than
excellent carTiiu^j in wood like thofe iu marble and
''"'»• . Tempk.

The hds are ivy, grapes in cluflers lurk
Beneath the carving uf the curious work.

Drycien^s y-rgil,

Caru'ncle. n. /. [caruncula, Lat.] A
fmall protuberance of flelh, either na-
tural or morbid.

Caruncles arc a fort of loofe flelh arifing in the
urethra by the erofion made by virulent acid mit-
'"• ^ lyij^man

CARTA'TES. \ n. /. [{romCary a, z city
CARYAriDES. \ taken by the Greeks,
who led away the women captives ; and,
to perpetuate their flavery, repreiented
them in buildings as charged with bur-
dens.] An order of columns or piiafters,
under the figures of women drelfed in
long robes, ferving to fupport entabla-
tures. ' Chambers.
Casca'de. n.f. [cafcade, Fr. cajcata, hal.
from cajcare, to fall.] A cataraft; a
water-fall.

Rivers diverted from their native courfc,
And bound witii cJuijw of anilicial force,

CAS

from large cafcadei in plealing tumult roli'd.
Or rofe through figur'd (lone, or breathing gold.

Prior,
The river Teverone throws itfelf down a preci-
pice, and falls by feveral cascades from one rock to
another, till it gai:ii the bottom of the valley.

Addijcn,

CASE. n. f. [caiffe, Fr, a box.]

1. Something that covers or contains any
thing elfe ; a covering ; a box ; a
fhcath.

O cleave, my fides !
Heart, once be ftronger than thy continent,
Crack thy frail ca[e.

^ Shakefp, Antmy and Cleofatrer,
Each thought was vilible that roli'd within.
As through a cryftal caje the fijjur'd hours are fecn.-

Dryden.
Other caterpillars produced maggots, that im-
mediately made themfclves up in cafes.

Ray on the Creatitn,
The body is but a cafe to this vehicle.

Brorjme on the Odyjfey,
Juft then ClarifTa drew, with tempting giacc,
A two edg'd weapon from her fliining caJe. Pofe,

2. The outer part of a houfe or building.

The cafe of the hcly houfe is nobly defigned, ''
and executed by grc.it m'afters. Addifn on Italy.

3. A building unfurnifhed.

He had a purpofe likewife to raife, in the uni-
verfity, a fair cafe for books, and to furnilh it with
choice colleflions from all parts, at his own charge.

Worroff.
Case-knife, n.f. [from ca/e and ini/e.}
A large kitchen knife.

The king always ads with a great cafe-ku'fk
ftuck in his girdle, which the lady fnatches from>
him in the llrugglc, and fo defends herlclf.

jiddifor on Irjlv..

Case-shot. ». / [from ca/e zad^fhot'.]
Bulltts inclofed in a cafe.

In each feven fmall brafs and leather guns,
charged with cafe-jhot. Clarendon.

CASE. n. f. [csfiis, Lat.]

1. Condition with regard to out.vard cir-
cumrtances.

Unworthy wretch, tjuothjie, of fo great grace,.
Ilriw da'r I think fu;h glory to attain?

'i'hefe that have It attain'd were in like cafcy
Qi;ith he, as wretched, and liv'd in like pain.

Fairy Siii»n.-
Qoeftinn your royal thoughts, moke the cafe
yours j
Be now a fathcr,and propofe a fon. Shak. Hen. IV.

Some knew the face.
And all had heard the much lamented cafe. Dryden.
Thcfe were the circumftances under which the
Corinthians then were ; and the argument which
the spoftle advances, is intended to reach their par-
ticular «/«. Atierbuiy..
My youth may he made, as it never fails in ox-
ecutions, a cafe of compalTion,

Pafc's Preface to his Works,

2. State of things.

He faith, that if there can be found fuch. aii'
m,-(juality between nia.i and man, as between man'
an 1 beaft, or b.tween foul and body, it inveileth a
right of governmc'it ; which fecmeth rather an
impoHibie cfc, than an untrue fjntence. Bacon,

Here was the cafe ; an aimy of Eiiglilh, wartod
and tired with a loijg. winter's fie^c, engaged an
army of a greater number than thcmlelves, frcfli
and in vigour. 1 Bacon.

I can but be a Have wherever 1 am ; fo that
taken or not taken, 'tis all a cafe to me.

L'EJlrange,

They are excellent in order to certain ends; he
hath no need to ufe them, as the cafe now Hands,
being provided for with theprovifion of an angeli

Taylor's Holy Living.

Your parents' did not produce you much into the
world, whereby you have fewer ill impreflions j but
they failed, as is generally the cafe, in too much
ne^loAing to cuUivite your miad. Sivft.

3- (ir^

CAS

3. [Tn phyfick.] State of the body ; ftate
of the difeafe.

It was well j for we had r»thcr met with calms
tnd contrary winds, tliaii any icmpcfts ; for our
Cck were many, aud in very ill caff Bacon.

Chalybeate wati-r fcems to be a proper remedy in
hypochondriacal «/«. Arludict ir Alimenli.

4.. Hirtory of a difeafe.

5. The Hate of fafts juridkally confiderad :
as the lawyers cited many cafes in their
pleas.

It" be he not apt to beat over matters, and ;o cali

upone thing to prove an 1 illufttaa another, let him

. »udy the lawyer. . «/•! ; fo every dslVrt of the m"n.i

may hive » fpccial receipt. Bacon i EJiyt.

6. In ludicrous language, condition with
regard to leannefs or fat. in cafe, v,
I i<J}y .or fat.

ihou Ijcft, mod ignorant monftcr, 1 am hcajc
to Juftle a conftable. Shtkcf /tore's Ttmpt/I.

i'r.iy have but laticnce till then, and when 1
am in little better cej'e, I'll throw mjlelf in the very
mouth of you. i"£/J/a»g..

Quoth R^ilph, I ftiould not, if I were
7b caji for aftion, now be here. HuMhras.
For if the fire be faint, or out of caff.
He will be copy'd in his famifli'd race. Dry J, Virg.
The prieft was pretty well in cafe.
And (hew'd fome humour in his face;
Loolc'd with an eafy carelefs m;cn,
A perfcfl frranger to the fpleen. S-Mift.

7. Contingence ; poflible event.

The ai:heift, in cafe things (hould fall out con-
trary to his lielief or eipeilation, hath iriade no
provifion for this cafe; if, contrai7 to his confi-
dence, it (hould prove in the illuc that there is a
Cod, the man is loft and undone for ever. Tillo'fon.

8. Queftion relating to particular perfons
or things.

Well GO 1 find each man moft wife in his own
cafe. Siir.ey.

It is ftrangc, that the ancient fathers Ihould not
appeal to this judge, in all cafes, it being fo (hort
and expedite a way for the,ending of controverfies.

Tilititfim.

9. Reprefentation of any faft or queftion.

10. The variation of nouns.
The feveral changes which the noun undergoes

in the Latin and Greek tongues, in the feveral
numbers, arc called cafes, and are defigncd to cx-
prefs the feveral views or relations under which
the mind confidcrs things with regard to one ano-
ther ; and the variation of the noun for this
purpofe is called decleiifion. Clark's Latin CUam.

11. In cafe. [/'» cafo, Ital.] If it fliould
happen ; upon the fuppofition that : a
form of fpeech now little ufed.

For in caje it be certain, hard it cannot be for
them to (hew U5 where we (hail find it ; that we
may (iiy thefe were the orders of the apoftles.

Hoiker.
A fure retreat to his forces, in cafe they thculd
have an ill day, or unlucky char.cein thefi-ld.

Bacon's Henry VII.
This would he the accomplilhment of their com-
mon felicity, in cafe, either by their evil deltiny
or advice, they fuifered not the occafion to be loft.

^ Hay^vard.

To Case. i». a. [from the noun.]
I . To put in a cafe or cover.

Ctft yc, cafe ye ; on wiih your vizours ; there '5
money of the king's coming do.vn the hill.

Shakffpearc's Henry IV.
The cry went one; tor thee,
And ftjlUt might, and yet i; may again,
if tiiotl'would'ft not entumb thyleli alive,
And cafe thy repoution in a tent.

Slaicffeare't Iniht and Crtfftda.
L'lke a fall'n cedar, far diffus'd his train,
CM'd 'uLfteen fcales, the ctocodUc extends.

thmftn.

CAS

z. I'o cover as a cafe.

Then cumes my lit again ; I bad tl& bota fcr-

fca.

As broad and gen'ial >l the eajifg air.

Shakjjieare'i Maclei'a.

3. To cover on the outfide with materials
different from the infide.

Then they began to cafe their houfes with mar-
ble. A'-tulbnot.

4. To ftrip off the covering ; to take off
the fkin.

We'll make you f»me fport wi»J> the fox VK we
cifft him. Hhakrfpcc:-'' I All's •a.'eil that mil tee//-

To Case. -v. n. To put cafus ; to contrive
rcpreletitations of tads: a ludicrous ule.

They fell prefently to reafunfng and cufiag upon
tlie matter with him, and laying diltinQions bcfute
him. L'Bftrargt.

•Ta Caseha'rden. v. a. [ftora cafe and
hariien.'] To harden on the outfide.

The manner of cafclariiening i: tJms : Take
cow horn 01 hoof, dry it tlwroughly in an even,
then beat it to powder ; put about tlie laiue quan-
tity of bay fait to it, and mingle them together
with (Ule chaniberlye, or cUc wi-.ite wine vinegar.
Lay fome of this mixture upon loam, acd cover
your iron all over with it ; then wrap the loam
about all, and lay it upon the hearth of the forge
to dry and harden. Put it into the fire, and blow
up the coals to it, till the whole lump have juft a
blood-red heat. Mi>x<,n's Mectan. Excrcifes.

Ca'semate. »./. [from cafaarma/a,lta.].

. cafamata. Span, a vault formerly made
to leparate the platforms of the lower
and upper batteries.]

1. [In fortification.] A kind of vault or
arch of ftone-work, in that part of the
fian^ of a baftion next the curtin, (ome-
what retired »r drawn back towards the
capital of the baftion, ferving as a bat-
tery to defend the face of the oppofite
baftion, and the moat or ditch. Chamt.

2. The well, with its feveral fubterra-
neons branches, dug in the paffage of
the baftion, till the miner is heard at
work, and air given to the mine. Harris.

Ca'sement. «. /. [cafam(«to, lul.] A
window opening upon hinges.

Why, then may you have a caftment of the great
chamber window, whcie we pbv, open, and the
moon may ftiine in at the caftment.

Sl'ahffeare'i Midfummer Night's Dream.
Here in this world they do much knowledge reaJ,
And a.e the cafcmenii wnich admit molt Ij^ht.

De'vies.
They, waken'd with the noife, did fly
From ioward room to window eye,
And gently op'ning lid, the cafment,
Look'd out, but yet with fome amazement.

Hudibras.

There is is much difference between the c'.cai-

reprefcntations of the undcrftandlng then, and the

obfcurc difcuverics that it a.akcs now, as tiierc is

between the profpcft of a cafement and a keyhole.

Soiiik.

Ca'seous. aiij. [cafeus, Lat.] Refcmbling
cheefe ; cheefy-

Its lib.ous parts are from the caftcus parts of the
chvle. FUycr en tie Humjurs.

Ca'sern. n. f [caftrne, Fr.] A little
room or lodgement erefted between the
rampart and the boufes of fortified towns,
to lervc as apartments or lodgings for
the foldiers of the garrilbn, with beds.

Harris.
Ca'seworm. ti.f [from ra/J and au»/-/w.]
A grub that makes itfelf a cafe.
Cadilts, Of cajeviarms, *re to be tound in this

CAS

nation, in feveral diftinft counties, tad In fevcrtl
little brookt. Fkytr,

CASH. »./ [caift, Fr. a cheft.] Monty ;
properly ready money ; money in th«
cheft, or at hand.

A thief, bent to unhoard the cafh
Of fome ricn buigher. Paradife LJt.

He is at »t\ end of all his cafh, he has both Lit
law and his daily bread now upm truft.

Ariuihi:st'i yoh* Bull.
He fent the thief, that ftole the cafh, away.
And puRi(h'd him that put it in his way. J'lft.
Ca'sh-keepe R. »./ [from caJl and iuf.}
A man entrulled with the money.

Difpenfator was ptopeily t cafi>-kte^er, or privy,
purfc jirhu'kmit en Ceinsm

Ca'shewnut. w. / a tree that bears
nuts, not with ftiells, but huflts. Miller.

Cashi'er. n.f. [from cafi.] He that has
charge of the money..

If a llcward or cafhier be fuifered to run OB,
without bringing him to a reckoning, fuch a fotiilh
forbearance will teach him to (hufik. Stuth.

A Venetian, finding his fon's expences grow
very high, ordered hi^ easier to let him have no
more money than what he ihould count whea he
received it. Locke.

Flight of cafhiers, or mob«, he'll never mind ;
And knows no lofles, while the mufc is kind. Pope.
To Cashi'er. -y. a. [cajer, Fr. cajfarc,
Lat.]

1. To difcard ; to difmifs from a poft,
or a fociety, with reproach.

Does 't not go well >. Caffio hath beaten thee.
And thou by that Imall hurt hall cafhier' dQiiVso.

Sbaktfpcare.

Seconds in faftions many times prove principals ;
but many times aifo they prove cyphers, and are
cajhiired. Bacon,

If i had omitted what he f.M, his thoughts and
words being thus ca/hier'd ia my hands, he had no
lunger been Lucretius. DryJcn.

They have already cafiieied feveral of their fol-
lowers as mutineers. Addifon's FrecboUer, ^

The ruling rogue, who dreads to be cafbierd.
Contrives, as he is hated, to be fear'd. S^icft.

2. It feems, in the following paffages,
to fignify the fame as to annul ; to va-
cate : which is fulHciently agreeable to
the derivation.

If we (hould find a father corrupting his fon,
or a mother her daughter, we muft charge this
upon a peculiar anomaly and bafcnefs of nature ;
if the name of nature may be allowed to that
which feems to be atur cajbiering of it, and deviap
tion from, and a contradidlion to, the common
principles of humanity. Sontb.

Some lafhiit, or at Icaft endeavour to invalidate,
all other arguments, and forbid us t» hearken to
thofe pioofs, as weak or fallacious. Lockf.

Cask. n.f. [cafque, Fr. caJus, Lat.]

1 . A barrel ; a wooden veffel to ftop up
liquor or provifions.

Tlie patient turning himfelf ab^d, it makes a
fluduating kind of noife, like the rumbling of
water in a irii^. Hamcj.

Perhaps to-motrow he may change his wine,
And drink old fparkling Alban, or Setine,
Wh ofe title, and whofr age, with mould o'ergrown,
The good old cafk for ever keeps unknown. Dryd.

2. It has cafk in a kind of plural fenfe, to
fignlfy the commodity or provifion of
calks.

Great inconveniencles grow by the bad cafli be.

ing commonly (0 ill feafoned and conditioned, ns

that a great part of the beer is ever loft and caft

a«ay. Rahij^h.

Cask. \ n.f. [cafque, Fr. caffis, Lat.]

Casc^e. J A helmet; armour for the

head : a poetical word.

*^ Let

CAS

Let thy Mows, doubly redon'olcd,
Fail like amazing thunder on th« cafjue
Oi thy pernicious enemy. Sbakefptcre-

Ani tV.cfe
Sling weighty ftones, when Iram afar they fight j
Their cajques are cork, ■ covering thick and light.

Prydeti.
Why does tie load with darts
His tremHing hands, and crufli beneath i cajk
His wrinkled brows ? jiddifon.

Ca'sket. 71./. [a diminutive of caiji,
a. cheft, Fr. cafe, caffftu.'\ A fmall
box or cheft for jewels, or things of

*^ particular value.

They found him dead, and cad into the ftreets,
An empty rfl/Sff , where the jewel, life.
By fome diinn'd hand was robbd and ta'en away.

Shekejpeart.

0 ignorant poor man ! what d»ft thou bear
Lock'J up wilhin the cnjitt of thy breaft ?
What jewels and what riches haft thou there ?
What heav'nlytreafurein fo weak a cheft? Dav'm.

Mine eye hath found that fad fepuichral reck,
That wa5 the cajket of heav'n'a richeft ftore. Milt.

That had by chance pack'd up hii choiccft trea-
fure
Ic one dear <afiti, and fav'd only that. Ottvay.

This cajket India's glowing gems unlocks,
And all Arabia breathes from yonder box. Pcpt.

To Ca'sket. -v. a. [from the noun.] To
put in a cafket.

1 have writ my letters, cajlttid my treafure, and
given order for oor horfts. Slakeffxarf,

Cassamuka'ir. «./. An aromatick ve-

fetable, being a fpecies of galangal,
rought from the Eaft, a nervous and
ftomachick fimple. ^incy.

To Ca'ssate. t. a. [cajjfir, Fr. cajfare,
low Lat.] To vacate; to invalidate j to
make void ; to nullify.

This opinion fuperfedei and eajpitn the beft me-
dium we have. Riiy on tit Creaticv^

Casja'tion. ». /. [cafuiot Lat.] A
making null or void. Diff.

Ca'ssavi. 7 "■/• A plant. It is culti-

Ca'ssada. 3 vated in all the warm parts
of America, where the root, after being
diveiled of its milky juice, is ground to
flour, and then made into cakes of
bread. Of this there are two forts.
The mod common has purplith ftalks,
with the veins and leaves of a parpljfh
colour ; but the ftalks of the other are
green, and the leaves of a lighter green.
The laftfort is not venomous, even when
the roots are frefh and full of juice ;
which the negroes frequently dig up,
roaft, and eat, like potatoes, without
any ill eiFedts. MiUer.

Ca'ssaware. See Cassiowary.

Ca'ssia. ». yl A fweet fpice mentioned
by Mr/es, Ex. xx.r. 24. as an ingredient
in the compofition of the holy oil, which
was to be made ufe of in th*; confe-
cration of the I'acred veflTels of the ta-
bernacle. This aromatick i^faid to be
the bark of a tree very like cinnamon,
and grows in lh« Indies without being
cultivated. Calmet.

All ihy garment* fmeil of myrrh, nlcrs, ami
tKnia. yjalm n\\.l.

Cassia, n.f. The name of a tree.

It hath a ryl-nJrical, 1 ,ng, taper, or Cat po.J,
d'.v I'd into many crlls by ttanfverfe diaph-jjjms ;
in r^.cti of which is Contained one haid Iced
J" ..;t<;, i.s the moft part, io a cUtnmy biack fub-

CAS

ftance, which is purgative. The flowers have five
leaves, difpofed orbicularly. Miller.

Ca'ssi DON Y, or StUkadore. n.f. [Jiotchm,

Lat.] The name of a plant.
Ca'ssiowary. n.f. A large bird of prey

in the Eaft Indies.

I have a clear idea of the relation of dam and
chick, between the two caJJii-iatrUs in St. James's
park. Lorki.

Ca'ssock. n.f. [cafaqttf, Fr.] A clofe
garment ; now generally that which
clergymen wear under their gowns.

Half dare not ihake the fnow from off theii
(a£''icks, left they Ihake themfclves to pieces.

ahikeffiarr.

His fcanty falary tompelled him to run deep in
debt for a new gown and cajock, and now ind then
forced him to write fome paper of wit or humour,
or preach a ferraon for ten Ihillings, to fufply his
neceffides. Siuifr.

Ca'ssweed. tt./. A common weed, other-
wife ciUedJhi/iierd's pouch.

To CAST. -v. a. preter. cafi ; particip.
pair. cafi. [kafier, Danilh.] This is a
word of multifarious and indehnitc ufe.

1. To throw with the hand.

I rather chufe to endure the wounds of thofe
darts, which envy cajietb at novelty, than to go on
fafeiy and fieepiljr in the eafy ways of aacient mif-
takings. Raleigh.

They bad compalTed in his hoft, and cap darts
at the peuple frotn morning till evening.

1 Macc^ vii. 80.
Then cafi thy fword away.
And yield thee to my mercy, or I ftrike.

Dryden and Lte.

2. To throw away, as ufelefs or noxious.

If thy right hand offend thee, cut it off, and
ffl/9 it from thee. Matthew.

3. To throw, as from an engine.

Slings to caj} ftones. Chnvirla-

4. To fcatter by the hand : as, to cafi feed.

Caji the duft into the brook. Dcutcrommy.

5. To force by violence.

CaJi them inEO the Red Sea. Exodus.

Cttji them into another land. Deuteimomy .

6. Tofhcd.

Nor fhall your vine cafl her fruit. Mjlaihf.

7. To throw from a nigh place.

Bear Itim to tl>e rock Tarpcian, and from thence
In;o dertruflion CiT,'? him. Shakeff>eare*sCoriolanui.

8. To throw as a net or fnare.

I fpeak for your own profit, not that I may ciij!
a fnare upon you. 1 Ccr, vii. 3^.

9. To drop ; to let fall.

They Jet down the boat into the fea, as though
they W'luld have c^Jl anchor. j^fli, xxvii. 30.

10. To throw dice, or lots.

Ani Jolhua laf lots for them in Shiloh.

'Jopua, xviii. 10.

1 1. To fhrmv, in wrellling.

And 1 think, being too ftror.g for him, though
he took my legs fomctime, yet 1 made a Ihift to
caji hin. Hhakejpeare.

1 2. To throw, as worthlcfs or hateful.

His carca'.'i: wi> n.Jl in the way. thrtniihi.

His friends contend to embalm his body j his
eriemits, that they may caj} it i> the do^s.

Poje^s i^J/tiy if Homer.

13. To drive by violence of weather.

F^owbcit we muft be cajl upon a certain ifland.

^ieli.

What length of lands, what ocean have you

pafs'd.

What ftnrms fuftain'd, and on what (hore been

f,i/7 ? Drjdtn.

14. To emit.

This lumes off in the calcination of th- (lone,
and ciijis a fulphurc^ius I'mcll. IVoodtu.Trd.

15. To bring fuddcnly or unexpedUdly.

CAS

Content tJicmfelves with that wiiich was the
irremediable error of former time, or the necertity
of the prpfent hath cafi upon thcra. Htcker.

16. To bt'ild by throwing up earth; to
raife.

And (hooting in the earth, cajls up a mount of
ciay. Spenfcri Fairy ^een.

Thine enemies (hall caj! a trench about th''c.

Luke.
The king of Afl'yria (hall not come into this
city, nor (hoot an arrnw there, nor come before it
with Ihield, nor Crt/? a bank againft it.

2 Kingt, xix. 31.
At length BarbarolTa having fa/? up his trenches,
landed fitty-four pieces of artillery for battei-y,

Knolles^s mjicry.
Earth-worms will come forth, and moles will
cofi up more, and fleas bite moie, againft rain.

Bec'tii Nmtiral Uijtory,

17. To put into or out of any certain
ftate, with the notion of defcent, or
depreffion : as, the king was cafi from
his throne.

Jefus had heard that John was cajf loto prifoii.

liiaultv.

At thy rebuke both the chariot and horfe ate

caj} into a dead (leop. P,,;'m Ixxvi. 6.

18. To condemn in a criminal trial.

But oh, that treacherous bieaft ! to wlu'in weak
you
Did truft our counfels, and we both may rue.
Having his falfehnod found too late, 'twas he
That made me caji you guilty, and you me. Define*-

We take up with the moft incompetent wit-
ncfTes, nay, often fuborn our own furmifes and
jealoulies, that we may be fure to ct/I the unhappy
criminal. Go'vernment of the Tongue,

He could not, in this forlorn cife, have made
ufe of the very laft plea of a cafi criminal ; nor fo
much as have cried, Mercy ! Lord, mercy ! Souths

There then we met; both tried, and botli were

c-jl ;

And this irrevocable fentence paft. Drydyr,

19. To overcome or defeat in a law fuit.
[froin cafier, French.]

The northern men were agreed, and in c:f!'c&!
all the other, to cafi our London efcheatour.

Cttmdcn* Rcmaintt

Were the cafe referred to any compete.it judge,
they would inevitably be caji. Decay oj Piety r,

20. To defeat.

No ma.-tial projeft to furprife.
Can ever be attempted twice;
Nor cafi dejign i'crve afterwards.
As gamcrters tear their lofing cards. liudiUau

21. To caftiier.

■/ou are but now cafi in his mood, a puni(hnient
more in policy than in malice; even fo as one
would beat his o/fcncelefs dog, to aft'right an im-
perious linn. Shakejpeare.

22. To leave behind in a race.

In (hort, fo Iwifc your judgments turn and wind,
Vou cafi our fleeted wits a mite behind. Vrydtn.

23. To (hed ; to let fall ; to lay afide f
to moult ; to change for new.

Our chariot loft her ■'.heels, their points our
fpears.
The bird of conqvicft her chief feather cafi. Vairf,

Of plants fome arc green all winter, others c„/?
their leaves. Bacoti^s Natural Hifinry,

The cafiing oP the (kin i , by the ancients,
con-pared t.> the breaking of tlie fcundine, or
cawl, b'lt not righfly j for that were to make
every cafiing of the (kin a new birih : and bcddes,
the fecundine is but a general cover, not (haped
according to the parts, but the (k4n is ihaped ac.
cording to riic parts. The crcaturi'S that cafi the
Ikio, are the fnake, the viper, the gralshopper, the
lizard, the ftllcworiti, Wr. Bacmt

O fertile head, which ev*ry year

Cou! :! <'<tc\\ ? crop of wonders be^ir!

Wi.i^h ijii^S" it licver have been tafif

Each -jCii:: growth added to the bit,

"■ The

CAS

Tlic lofty !>iiincht»li»d fupply'i!

The earth's bold Ions proiiigious pride. Waller.

The waving harvrft bends bfneath his blaft,
•The toreft (hakes, the groves their honours cafi,

Drydtn.

From hencr, my lord, and Iovp, I thus conclude,
' That though my homely anceftors wtre rude.
Mean a. I am, jet may I liave the grace
To make yiu father of" a generous race :
«And noble then am 1, when 1 bvgin.
In vhtuc cloth'd, to teji the rags of /in. Drydn.

The ladies have been in a kind of inotiltin^
fcafon, having ca!l great quantities of ribbon and
cambrick, and reduced the human figuie to iht
beautiful globular form. Mrlifin

24. To lay afide, as fit to be ufed or worn
no longer.

So may rajl poets write ; there '» no pretenfion
To argue lofs of wit, from Icfs of penfion. Dryden.

He hai ever been of opinion, that givi.'ig cof:
clothes to be vfjrn by valets, has a very ill effefl
upon little minds. . Aidijon.

25. To have abortions ; to bring forth be-
fore the time.

Thy ewes and thy /he-goats have not cafi their
young. Centfii.

26. To make to preponderate ; to decide
by overbalancing; to give overweight.

Which being inclined, not conllrained, contain
witliin theiT'.felves the cajiing acS, and a power to
command theconcluiion. Brown^s Vulgar Err,

How much intereft cefii the balance in cafes
dubious. South,

Life and death are equal in themfelves.
That which could caft the balance, is thy fal/hood.

Dryden.

Not many years ago, it fo happened, that a
coblcr had the cajiing vote for the life of a cri-
minal, which he very g acioudy gave on the mer-
ciful fide. Addiji.n tn Italy,
Suppofe your eyes fent equal rays

Upon two diftant pots of ale;

In this fad Itate, your doubtful choice

Would never have the eajlitig voice. Prior,

27. To compute ; to reckon ; to calculate.
Hearts, tosgues, jlgurCf fcribes, bards, poets,

cannot
Think, fpeak, caftt write, fing, number, ho !
His love to Antony. Sbokcf^eare.

Here is now the fmith's note for ihoeing and
plow-irons.— I.et it be eaji and paid. Shakeffeare.

You ceiji th' event of uar, my noble Lord,
And fumm'd th' account of chance, before you

faid,
\£t us make head. Shakefjpeare,

The beft way to reprefent to life the manifold
ufe of friend (hip, is to cajl and fee howmany things
there are, which a man cannot do iiimfelf.

Bacort'i EJ/ays'

I have lately been cajlinr in my thoughts the
frveral unhappinefies of lite, and com;;aring the
infelicities of (dd age to thofc of infancy, jiddijc,

28. To contrive ; to pkn out.

The cloifter facl-x; the S luth is covered with
vines, and would have been proper for an orange-
hoUfef and had, 1 doubt not, been cap for that
purpofc, if this piece of gardening had been then
in as much vogue as it is now. ^'fmfle.

29. To judge ; to confider in order to
judgment.

If thou couldrt, dodor, caff
The water of my land, find her difeafc.
And purge it to a found and priftine health,
) would applaud thee. Sbaiefpeare,

Peace, brother, be not over exquifite
To (afi the f.</hion of uncertain evils. Miltsn.

JO. To fix the parts in a play.

Our parts in v.p other *orld will be new caji,
)u\d mankind will be there ranged in different Na-
tions of fuiariorijy. Addtfon.
51. To glance ; to dire£b: applied to the
eye or mjiid.

CAS

A loftl wandering by the vixy.
One that to bounty never eafi his mind \

Ne thought of heaven ever did afTay, -

His bafer brcaft. Speafer.

Zelmanes'i languifhing countenance, with crolf-

ed arms, and fumecimes cafi up eyes, ihe thought

to have an excellent grace. Hidney,

As he pad along,
How earneftly he (aft his eyes upon me ! Shakijp.

Be^in, aufpicious boy, to caft about
Thy jnfmt eyes, and, with a fipilc, thy mother
lingle out. Drydcn's Virgil-

fir eallward caft thine eye, from whence the (an ,
-And orient fcicncr, at a birth begun. Pope's Dun.
He then led me to the rock, and, placing me on
the top of it, Caft thy eyes eaitward, faid be, aid
tell me what thou feed. yirldifi".

32. To found ; to form by running in a
mould.

When any fuch ctirioui work of filver is to be
(aft, as requires that the imprelfi n of hairs, or
very (lender lines, be taken of? by the metal, it is
not enough that the filver be barely malted, but it
muft be kept a cunfiderable while in a flrong fufir>n.

Boyle,

How to build Ihips, and dreadful ordnance caft,
Jnlh-uft the artift. Waller.

The father's grief reftrain'd his art ;
He twice elTay'd to caft his fon in gold,
Twice from his hands he drepp'd the forming
mould. Dryden.

33. To melt metal into figures.

Yon' crowd, he might refieil, yon joyful crowd
With reftlcfs rage would pull my ftatue down,
And caft the brafs anew to his renown. Prior,
i This was but as a refiner's fire, to purge out the
drofs, and then caft the mafs again into a new
mould. Burnetts Theory,

34. To model ; to form by rule.'

We may take a quarter of a mile for the com-
mon mcafure of the depth of the fea, if it were c<i^
into a channel of an equal depth every where.

Btunct's Ihtory of the Earth,
Vnder this influence, derived from mathema-
tical Audits, fome have been tempted to caft all
their logical, their metaphyfical, and their theolo-
gical and moral learning into this method.

JVatts's Lcgick,

35 . To communicate by reflexion or ema-
nation.

So bright a fplendour, fo divine a grace.
The glorious Daphnii cafts on his illullrious race.

Dryden.
We may happen to find a fairer light m^ over
the fame fcriptures, and fee reafon to alter our
fcntiments even in fome paints of moment.

JVatti on the Mind.

36. To yield, or give up, without rcferve
or condition.

The reafon of mankind cannot fuggeO^any fdlid
ground of fatisfjOion, but in makng God our
friend, and in carrying a confcience io clear, as
may encourage us, with confidence, to caft ourfelvcs
upon hi»m. South,

37. To inflift.

The wjrid is apt to caft great blame on thofe
who have an indiffercncy for opinions, cfpecially in
religion. Leckc.

38. To caft afide. To difmifs as ufdefs or
inconvenient.

Ihave bought
Golden opinions from all Pirt of people.
Which would be worn now in tli'-ir newcfl glofs.
Not taft afide fo fooii. Shakejptare,

39. To caft antiay. To ftiipwreck.
Sir Francis Drake, and John Thomas, meeting

IJo
Job

with a ftorm, it thruft John Thomas upon the
illands to the South, where be was caft atvay,

Raleigh I Effap

His father Philip had, by like mifhao, been like

to have been iaji aivay upon the coaft of England.

Knolless Hftwy of the Turks.

With pity mov'd tor others caft atvay

On rocks of hope and fears. Rofcmmon,

CAS

But now our fcarj tempeftuous grawr,

And caft cur hopes <iu>iiy j
Whilft you, regardlefs of our woe.

Sit ca^^elefs at a play. Dorfrt.

40. To caft anuay. To lavifli ; to wafte in
profufion ; to turn to no ufe.

1 hey that want means to nourifh children, will
abliain from marriage ; or, which is all one, they
caft av)ay their bodies upon rich old women.

Rtttigh'i Efayu

France, haft thou yet more blood to caft atvay t
Say, (hail the current of our right run ou ^ Sbak*

He might be filent, and nut caft antay
H 1 fentences in vain. Ben Jonfim*

0 Maicia, O my filter ! ftill there's hope.
Our father will not caft cnvay a life

S J needful to us all, and to his country.

Melijtn'i Can,

41. 7i caft anuay. To ruin.

It is no impofiibic thing'for dates, by an over-
fight in fome one a^ or treaty between them and
their potent oppofites, utterly to caft avaay t'em-
felves for ever. Hooker,

42. To caft by. To rejedl or diOnifs, with
negleft or hate.

Old Capuler, and Montague,
Have made Verona's ancient citizens
Caft by their grave befceming ornaments. Shakcjf,
When men, prefuming themfelves to be the only
mafters of right reafon, caft by the votes and opi-
nions of the reft of mankind, as not worthy of
reckoning. Locke,

43. To caft down. To rejeft ; to deprefs
the mind.

We 're not the firit,
Who, with beft meaning, hare incurr'd the worft :
For thee, opprellcd king, I am caft do^vn ;
Mjfelf could clfe outfrown falfe fortune's frown.

Shakeffeare.
The beft w.iy will be to let him fee you are much
caft doitin, and affliiied, for the ill opinion he en-
tertains of you. ■ Addijon,

44. To caft forth. To emit.

He (hall grow as the lily, and caft forth his roots
as Lebanon. Hcjea,

45. To caft forth. To ejefl.

1 caft forth all the houfehold ftufF. Nehemiah,
They caft me forth into the fea. yonah.

46. To caft off. To difcard ; to put away.

The prince wilTjin the perfedlnefs of time,
Ca^ 0^ his followers. Shake/pare.

Caft me not 0^ in the time of old age. Pfalmu
He led me on to mightieft deeds.
But now hath caft me off, as never known. Milton,

How ! not call him father ? I fee preferment
alers a man ftrangely i this may fcrve me for an
ufe of inftruftion, to caft off my fathtr, when I
am great. ' Dryden,

I long to clafp that haug'ity maid.
And bend her ftubborn virtue to my paflion :
When 1 have gone thus far, I'd caft her off. AdJ'if,

47. To caft off. To rejetft. '

It is not to be imagined, that a whole fociety
oi men fhould publickly and iprofillcdly difown
and caft off i rule, which they could not but be in-
fallibly certain was a law. Locke,

48. To caft off. To dilburden one's felf of.

All coiifpired in one to caft oj^ their I'ubjeAion
to the crown r»f England. Sf>e^fer*s State of Ireland,

This m.iketh them, through an unweariablc
defire of receiving inftru£tion, Co caft off the care
of thofe very afiairs, which do moft concern their
eflatc. Hooker, Preface.

The true reafon why any man is an atheift, ii
hccaufe he is a wicked man : religion would curb
him in his lufts ; and therefore he cafts \xoff, and
puts all the ii:orn upon it he can. Tilh fon.

Company, in any action, gives credit and coun-
tenance to the agent; and fo much as the finnet
gets of this, fo much he cafts off of (hatne. South,

We (ee they never fail to exert tl emteives, and
to caft off tlie oppreirion, when they feel tlie weight
of iU AJdiJim,

49- n

CAS

49. To iaft off. To leave behind.

Away he Icours crofs the fields, cafis of the
dogs, and gains a wood : but pre/fing through a
thicket, the bulhes held him by the horns, till the
bounds came in, and plucked him down.

50. To cafi off. [a hunting term.] To let go,
or fet free : *3, to cajt offihe dogs'.

q I . To caj} out. To rejeft ; to turn out

S-

of doors.

■ Thy brat hith been taji out, like to itfelf, no
father owning it. Shaieffcarc.

52. Tocajtout. To vent ; tofpeak: with
fome intimation of negligence or vehe-
mence.

Why doft thou cajl mil fuch ungenerous terms
Againll the lords and Ibvereigns of the world ?

MJifon.

53. To caft up. To compute ; to calculate.

Some writers, in cafiin^ itf> the goods rooft de-
lirable in life, have given them chi* rank, health:
beauty, and riches. TimpU.

A man who deCgns to build, is very exacl, as
he fuppofes, in cojiing vf tlic coft beforehand j bur,
generally fpeaking, he is miiiaken in his account.

Drydtn.

54. To caft up. To vomit.

Thou, bcaftly feeder, art fo full of him.
That thou provok'ft chyfclf to cajl him uf. Stat.

Their villainy goes againft luy weak ilomach,
and therefore 1 mull caji it up. ShahJ'pean.

Of that in tirrjc Rome did not cafi
Her errours up, this fortune to prevent ! B. Jcmjtin.

Thy foolifli ei rour find ;
Caji up the poifoa that infetts thy mind. DryJn.

55. To ciji upon. To refer to ; to refign to.

If things were cafi upcn this iflue, that Cod
Ihould never prevent fin till roan dcferved it, the
bid would fin and fin for ever. Smth.

To Cast. v. n,

I . To contrive ; to turn the thoaghts.

Then, clofcly as he might, he cujl to icave
The court, not alking any pafs or leave. Spirfcr,

From that day forth, 1 caft in careful mind.
To feek her out with labour and long time. Spnfer.
We have three that bend thenjfelves, looking
into the experiments of their fellows, and caft
about how to draw out of them things of ufe^id
practice for man's life and knowledge.

Bactm'i Nna jlialamh.
But firft he caftt to change his proper ihape ;
IVhich elfe might work him danger or delay.

Milton.
As a fox, with hot purfuit
Chas'd thro' a warren, caft aboot
To fave his credit. Bujilrai,

All events called cafual, among inanimate ho-
llies, are mechanically produced according Co the
determipate figures, tenturei, and motions of tliofe
bodies, which are not confcious of their own ope.
rations, nor contrive and caft about how to bring
fuch events to pafs. Beyti/ey.

This way asd that I caft to (ave my friends.
Till one refolvc my varying counfel ends. Pope,

2. To admit of a. form, by cafting or melt-
ing.

It comes at the firft fufion into a mafi tliat is
.immediately nnalleable, and will not run thin, fo as
to caft and mould, un'efs mixfd with poorer ore,
or cinders. If^aihuarti on Fojfili.

3. To warp ; to grow out of form.

Stuff is faid to caft or warp, when, by it» own
drought, or moifture of the air, or other accident,
it alters its flatnefs and ftraightnef;.

Af:x«<i'i Michanical Extrcifii.

4. To caft about. To contrive ; to look
•ior means.

Inanimate bodies are not confcioiif of their own
operations, nor contrive and caft about to bring
fur h events to pall. Bcntlcy'i Scrnunu

Cast, n /. [from the verb.]

I. The aft of caiUng or throwing ; a throw, j Ui'e ro»f«'
Vol. I. i

CAS

So when a ibrt of lufty fliepherds throvir
The bar by turns, and none the rcll outgo
So far, but that the reft are meafuring caftt.
Their emulation and their paftime lafts. ffaller.

2. The thing thrown.

Yet all thefe dreadful deeds, this deadly fray,
A cnft of dreadful luft will foon allay. Dry J. f^irg

3. State of any thing caft or thrown.

In his own inftance of cafting ambs-ace, though
it partake more of contingency than of freedom ;
fuppofing the pofitnre of the party's hand, who did
throw the dice ; fuppoCng the figure of the table,
and of the dice themfelves ; fuppofing the meafure
of force applied, and fuppofing all other things
which did concur to the produfticn of that ca^,
to bj the very fame they v/erc, tliere is no doubt
but, in this cafe, the /-a/! is neceffary.

BramhalPs y^njhver to Huh^ics.

Plato compares life to a game at tables ; thcie
what raft we ftall have is not in our power ; but
to manage it well, that is. Norrit.

4.. Manner of throwing.

Some harrow their ground over, and fow wheat
or rye on it with a broad cafI; fome only with a
fingle caft, and fome with a double. Mortimer.

The fpace through which any thing is
thrown.

And he was withdrawn from them about a
ftone's caft, and kneeled down aud prayej. Luke.

. A ftroke ; a t*uch.

We have them all with one voice for giving him
a caft of their court prophecy. Stmtk.

Another cjft of their politicks, was that of en-
deavouring to impeach an innocent lady, for lier
faithful and diligent fervicc of the queen. Stvift,

This was a caft of Wood's politicks ; for his in-
formation was wholly falfe and grnundlefs. Stoift.

. Motion of the eye; direftion of the eye.

Pity caufeth fometimes tears, and a flexion or
caft of the eye aCde; for pity is but grief in an-
other's behalf; the caft of the eye is a gsflure of
averfion, or lothnefs, to behold the objed of pity.
Bacon^s Natural tiijiory,
A man fliall be fare to have a coft of their eye
to warn him, before they give him a caft of their
nature to betray him. South.

If any man icfirej to look on this doArine of
gravity, let him turn the firft caft of his tyes on
what we have faid of fire. Digby on tbc Soul.

There, held in holy puflion ftill.
Forget thyfelf to marble, till.
With a fad leaden, downward caft.
Thou fix them on the earth as faft. Milton.
They are the beft epitomes in the world, and
let you fee, with one caft of an eye, the fubftance of
above an hundred pages. MMJ. on Anciert MeJah.

8. He that fquints is faid popularly to have
a caft with his eye.

9. The throw of dice.

Were it good.
To fet the exaft wealth of all our ftates
All at one ro^j to f«t fo rich a main
On the nice hazard if fome dc^ubtful hour ! Shat.

10. Venture from throwing dice ; chance
from the fall of dice.

When you have brought them to the very lift
caft, they will offer to come to you, and fubmit
themfelves. Spinfer on Ireland.

With better grace an ancient chief may yield
The long contended honours of the fieid.
Than venture all his fortune at a caft.
And fight, like Hanniba), to lofe at fall. Drydcn.

Will you turn recreant at tht Wi\ caft ? Drydin.

In tht laft war, has it not fometimes been an
even caft, whether the array (hould march this way
or that way > South.

11. A mould ; a form.

The whole would have been an heroick poem,
bur in another caft and figure than any that ever
had been written before. Prior,

12. A (hade ; or tendency to any colour.

A flaky mafs, grey, with a caft of green, in
which the talky matter makes the grwre.'t part of

IVotdiaard.

CAS

Tlie qualities of blood in a healthy ftate are t(*
be florid, the red part congealing, and the feruoi
ought to be without any greenifli caft.

jlrbutinot on jiliments,

13. Exterior appearance.

Tlie native hue of refclution
Is fickljed o'er with the pale caft of thought. Shut.
New names, new dreflings, and the modern caft.
Some fcenes, iome perfons altcr'd, and outfac'd
The world. Sir J. Denbam^

14. Manner ; air ; mien.

Pretty conceptions, finte metaphors, glittering
exprelSons, and fomcthing.of a neat caft of verfe,
are properly the drefs, gems, or loofc ornaments,
of, poetry. Pope's Letters.

Neg!c£t not the little figures and turns on tSe
words, nor fometimes the v«ry caft of the periods ;
neither omit or confound any rites or cuftoms of
antiquity. Fopconjiom-r.

15. A flight; a number of hawks di{-
miffed from the fiH.

A caft of merlins there was bcfides, which, fly-
ing of a gallant height, would beat tlie birds that
rofe down unto the bulhes, as falcons will do wild
fowl over a river. Sidniy^

16. [Cafta, Spanifti.] A breed ; a race ;
a ijpecies.

Ca'stan ET.».yl \caftanp.ta, Sp.] A fmall
ftiell of ivory, or hard wood, which
dancers rattle in their hands.

If thf^c had been words enow between them,
to have exprcifcd provocation, they had gone toge-
ther by the ears like a pair of ca(iancts. ■

Congrevi's IVay of the IVo.ld.
Ca'staway. >!./. [from 1-a/? and aajtiiy.]
A peribn loft, or abandoned, by Provi-
dence ; any thing thrown away.

Neither given any leave to fearch in particular
who are the heirs of the kingdom of God, wh»
caftatuays. Hooka-.

Left that by any means, when I have preached
to others, I myfelf Hiould be a caftavcay. i Cor.

Ca'staway. adj. [from the fubft.] Ufe-
lefs ; of no value.

We only prize, pamper, and exalt this vaffal and
Have of death ; or only rementiber, at our caftaivay
leifure, the impiifoned immortal foul.

Raleigh's Hiftory,
Ca'steo. The participle preterite of caft,
but improperly, and found perhaps only
in the following paflage.

When the mind is quicken'd, out of doubt,
The organs, tho' defunft and dead before.
Break up their drowfy grave, and newly move
With cajled (lough, and frelh legerity. Sbaiefpcare.
Ca'stellain. rt. ft. [caftellavo. Span. J
The captain, governor, or cpnftable of
a caftle.
Ca'stellany. n.ft, [from cafte!.'\ The
lordftiip belonging to a caftle ; the ex-
tentof its land and jurifdiftion. Philltps^
Ca'stellated. adj. [from, caftle. "l In-
clofed within a building, as a fountain
^ or ciftern caftellated. Di3.

Ca'ster. n.f. [from To caft.'\

1. A thrower ; hethatcafts.

If with this throw the ftr9ngeft eafter vie, '
Still, further ftill, I bid the difcus fly. Pope.

2. A calculator; a man that calculates
fortunes.

Did any of t' em fet up for a eafter of fortunate
figures, what might he not get by his prediftions f

u^ddifort*

To CA'STIGATE..t;. a. [caftigo, Lat.]
To chaftifc ; to chaften ; to correft ; to
punifti.

If thou dldft put this four cold habit on.
To caftlgoie thy pride, 'twere well. Shekefpeare.

' N n Castiga'tion

CAS

Castica'tion. «./. [from 7* iaJl'gaU.I
' I. Penance ; difcipline. .

Tills hand of yours rf quires
A fequeJlcr trom liberty j falling and priycr,
Wirli cfljii^aticny excrcifc dtvoui^ hhak'Jpiare.

s. Punifhment ; coriedion.

'I'hcir cajltgaticni were accompanied with en-
couragements j whi<li care was talceii to keep me
from looking upon as mere complinicuts. Bof!t.
3. Emendation ; reprcffivc remedy.

The ancients had thefe coiijciSutei toocliing
theie floods and conflagrations, Co a? to tVame
them into an liypothefis i"or the cjjligaikit of the
exceflfes of generation. //j/r.

Ca'sticator. Y. ar/j. [from cfijligale.'\
Funicive, in order to amendment.

There were other ends of penalties inAiftcd,
eitirer probatory, ^a^igatciy, or rxrmplary,

Bramhail agnirjl HMes.

Ca'stinc-net. n. f. [from (afting and
ntt.'\ A net to be thrown into the water,
not placed and left.
CtiJI'ag-rtts did rivers bottoms fwcep.

■Mfy't y'lrgU.
CA'STLE. n.f. {cnpllum, Lat.]
J. A ftrong houfe, fortified againft af-
faults.
The caftU of MacdufF I will furprifc. Sbaitfp.
2. Castles intht air. [chateaux iPEfpagne,
Fr.] Projects without reality.

Thefe were but like cejilii in ib< air, and in
men's fancies vainly imagined.

'Raleigh's Hi/lcry of the Wcrld.

Castle-soap. n.f. [I fuppofe corrupted
irora Caflile/oap.'] A kind of foap.

I have a letter from a foap-boilcr, dcfiring me
to write upon the prefenC duties on CajlU-foap.

'AJdifoi:.

Ca'stled. adj. [from cajlle.'\ Furniftied
with caftles.

The horfes neighing by ihc wind is b'own,
And cafiUd elephants o'erlook the town. DryJei.
Ca'stleward. n.f. [from cajile and
tward.^

An impofition laid upon fuch of the king's
fubjcels, as dwell within a certain compafs of any
caftle, toward the maintenance of fuch as watch
and ward the cadle. Coive/1.

Ca'stling. ». /. [from f a/?.] An abor-
tive.

We fliould rather rely upin the urine of a eajl-
llng'i bladder, a refolution of crabs eyes, or a fe-
conJ dillillation of urine, as Helmont hath com-
mended. Brmvni l^ulgar Errours.

Ca'stor, or Chester, are derived from
the Sax. ceaprip, a city, town, or caf-
tle ; and that from the Latin caftrum :
the S.xxons chufmg to fix in fuch places
of ftrength and figure, as the Romans
had before built or fortified.

Gii/on's Camden.

Ca'stor. n.f. [cn^er, Lat.]

\. A beaver. See Beaver.

Like hunted cafiors confcious of their ftore,
Their waylaid wealth to Norway's coaft they
bring. DryJen.

2. A fine hat made of the fur of a beaver.

CASTOR and POLLUX- [In meteoro-
logy.] A fiery meteor, which appears
fometiraes (licking to g p^rt of the (hip,
in form of one, two, or even three or
four b.ilis. When one is feen alone,
it is called Helena, which portends the
fevered part of the ftorm to be yet be-
hind ; two are denominated Cafior and
Pollux, and fometimesTyiidarides, which
portend a ceflation of the ftorm. Chamb.
+

CAS

CJSrO'REVM. n. f. [from cajfor. In
pharmacy.] A liquid matter included
in bags or purfes, near the anus of the
callor, falfely taken for his tefticles.

Chamberi.

Casti^ameta'tion. n.J. [from caftra-
metor, Lat.] The art or prattice of en-
camping.

To CA'STR.^TE. v, a. \caftro, Lat.]

1. To geld.

2. To take away the obfcene parts of a
writing.

Castra tion. n. f. [from cajlrate.^ The
art of gelding.

The largeft needle (hould be ufed, in taking up
the fpermatick vefiUs in cafrathn. Sharp's Surg.

Ca'steril. 7 ^ A kind of hawk.

Ca strel. 5

Castre'nsi AN. adj. [ca/lrenJijyhit.lBe-

longing to a camp. Di(S.

C.A'SUAL. adj. [ca/iiel, Fr. from cq/us,

Lat.] Accidental ; arifing from chance ;

depending upon chance ; not certain.

The revenue of Ireland, both certain and cajual,
did not rife unto ten thoufand pounds.

Daviet on Jrsland.
That which foemeth mod cafual and fubjeiil to
fortune, is jet dlfpufed by the ordinance of God.
Ralrigh's Hijiiry.
Whether found where cajaal fire
Had wafted woods, on mountain, or in vale,
Down to the veins of earth. Aiihcn,

The commiflioners entertained themfclves by
tlie fire-fidc in general and cn/vj/difcourfes.

Clarendon.
Moll of our rarities have been found out by
f<i/i<a/ emergency, and have been the works of time
and chance, rather than of philofophy. Glanville.
The expences of fome of them always exceed
their certain annual income ; but feldom their ca-
fual fupplies. I call them cajual, in compliance
with the common form. Auerhury.

Ca'sually. ad-v. [from cafual.'] Acci-
dentally ; without defign, or fet pur-
pofe.

Go, bid my woman
Search for a jewel, that too cajually
Hath left mine arm. Shahefptari.

Wool new fliorn, laid cafuaUy u^on a veliel of
verjuice, had drunk up the verjuice, though the
v-lTcl was without any flaw. Bacon.

I flioull have acquainted my judge with one ad-
vantage, and which I nowra/aj/^retnember. Dryd.
Ca'sualness. n.f. \(iom cafua\^ Ac-

cidentalnefs.
Ca'su alty. n./. [from fflA<i/.]

1 . Accident ; a thing happi,iing by chance,
not defign. '\

V/ich more patience men endure the lolTes that
befa'l them by mere caftiahy, than the damages
which they fullain by injuftice. Ratcigb'i Ejj'ays.

That Oi5lavius Cajfar fhould fhift his camp
that night that iv happened to be took by the
enemy, svas a mere cajiielty ; yet it prcferved a
perfun, who lived to ellabiilh a total altcratirm of
government in the imperialcity of the world. South,

2. Chance that produces unnatural death.

Builds in the weather on the outward wall,

Ev'n in the force and road ofcafuahy. Sbakejpran.

It is ohferved in particular nations, that, within

the fpace of two or three hundred years, notwith-

ilanding all cafuahits, the number of men doubles.

Burnet's The-^r^.

We find one cafualtf in our bills, of wliich,

though there be daily talk, there is little cffcfl.

Graur.t't Bills of Mortj/iiy.
Ca'.9uist. n.f. [cafuifte, Fr. from cafits,
Lat.] One thit (ludies and fettles cafes
of confcience.

CAT

The judgment of any cajuifi, or learnt! di-
vine, concerning the Hate of a man's foul, i< not
fuBicient to giva him confidence. Smth.

You can fcarcc Ice a bench of porten witbcuc
two or three cajuifis in it, that will (ettte yoa the
rights of princes. AddiJ'^**

Who fhall decide when do3ors difagrce,
And founded cajuifts doubt, like you and me ? Po/T.

Casui'stical. a<^". [from f a/a//?.] Re-
lating to cafes of confcience ; contain*
ing the doftrine relating to cafes.

What arguments they have to beguile poor, fim-
ple, unliable fouls witli, I know not ; but furely
the praiSlical, raju'jiical, that is, the principal, vini
part 'of their religion Civours very little of fpiii-
tualiry. Sitiib.

Ca'suistry. n. f. [from cafulj{.'\ The
fcience of a cafuill ; the dodrine of
cafes of confcience.

This concefliin would not pat for good ciffrjfry
in thefe ages. fofe'i Odyffiy. Ifotes.

Moralitj , by her falfe guardians drawn,
Chicane in furs, and cafuijlry in lawn.

Pope's DsinciaJ.

CAT. n.f. [iatz, Teuton, chat, Fr.] A do-
meftick animal that catches mice, com-
monly reckoned by naturaiifts the loweH
order of the leonine fpecies.

'1'was you incens'd the rabble :
Cats, that can judge as fitly of his worth.
As I can of thofe myfterics, which heav'n
Will not have earth to know. Shaiejp. Coriclann,
Thrice the brindcd cat hath mew'd.

Shakeff tare's Macielh.
A cat, as fhe beholds the light, draws the ball
of her eye fmall and long, being covered over with
a green Ikin, and dilates it at picafure.

Pi-achjm on Dratuirg,

Cat. n.f. A fort of (hip.

Cat in the pan. [imagined by fome to be
rightly written Catipan, as coming from
Catipania. An unknown correlpondent
imagines, very naturally, that it is cor-
rupted from Cate in4he pan.']

There is a cunning which we, in England, call
tl*e tur.iing of the cat in the pan ; which is, when
thit which a man fays to another, he lays it as if
another had faid ic to him. Bacon,

Cat 0' nine tails. A whip with nine lafhes,
ufed for the puniihment of crimes.

Vou dread reformers of an imj-'ous age,
You awful cat 0' nine tails to the flage.
This once be juft, and in our caufe engage.

Prologue to yanbrugh's Falfe Friend,

CATJCHRESIS. n. f. [xaraxei^K, a-
bufe.] It is, in rhctorick, the abufeof a
trope, when the words are too far wreft-
ed from their native fignification ; or
when one word is abufivcly put for ano-
ther, for want of the proper word ; as,
a voice beautiful to the ear.

Smith's Rhetorick,

CataCH Re'sticaL. adj. [homcalachre-
fis.'] Contrary to proper ufe ; forced;
far fetched.

A caiaikrijiicat and far derived fimilitude it
holds with men, that is, in a bifiircation.

^ ^ Broivn's Vulgar F.rrourt,

Ca'taCLYSM. n. f. [xaraxXta-y©-.] A
deluge ; an inundation ; ufed generally
for the univerfal deluge.

The opinion that held thefe ratactyfms and em-
pyrnfes unive. fal, was fuch as held that it put a
totjl confummation unto things in :hls lower
world. . Hale's Origin of Mankind,

Ca'tacombs. n.f. [from xani, and xo^*-
C©-. a hollow or cavity.] Subterraneous
cavities for the burial of the dead ; of

which

CAT

CAT

CAT

wliicK tTiere are a great number about
three miles from Rome, fuppofed to be
the caves and cells where the primitive
chriftians hid and aflembled thcmfclves,
and where they in'-erred the martyrs,
which are accordingly vifitcd with de-
votion. But, anciently, the word cata-
comb was only underilood of the tombs
of St. Peter and St. Paul. Chambers.
On tlic lide of Naples are the catacomisj which
itiuft i-.vr been full of ftench, if the dead bodies
that bj in ihem were left to rot in oj;en nitches.

MJf-r.
Catagma'tick. ai!j, [xa-rayua, a frac-
ture.] That which has the quality of
confolidaling the parts.

I put on a catagmatkk emplafter, and, by the
ufe of a laced glove, fcattered th^ pituitous fwel-
Ung, ani ftrcngthencd it. IVijcviani Surve-y.

Catale'psis. ii./.\y.a.Ta.7.\-\n.'\ A lighter
fpecies of the apoplexy, or epilepfy.

There is a difcafe called a catahpjisj wlierein the
parient is fuddcnly feized without fenfe or motion,
and remains in the fame poUure in which the
iifeafc faieth him. jiriuttitol.

Ca'talocue. a.y! [xaraJ-oy®-.] An enu-
meration of particulars ; a lift ; a regif-
ter of things one by one.

In the caiahgue ye go for men,
Shovkghes, water rugs, and demy wolves, are cleped
All by the name of dogs. Skakifpcare'i Macieth.

Make a catalogui of profperous facrilegious per-
fons, and 1 believe they will be repeated fooner than
the alphabet. Stutb.

In the library of manufcripti belonging to St.
Laurence, of which there is a printed. ro/tf/cg-vt*, I
looked into the Virgil, which difputes its antiquity
with that of the Vatican. Mdijiii.

The bright Taygete, and the Ihining Bears,
With all the fjilorn catalogu: of ftars. AiUif n't (hiiil.
Catamo'untain. n. /. [from cat and
mountain.] A fierce animal, refembling
a cit.

The klack prince of Monomopita, by whofc
liue were iccn the glaring catamountaw, and the
quill-darting porcupine.

Arbuthnoi andPcpe^s Jliart» ScrthUrus.

Ca'taphract. ». /. [cataphia^arXiS.^.]
A horfe-man in complete armour.

On each fide went armed guards.
Both horfe and foot ; before him and behind.
Archers and Dingers, calafhrjlts and fpcars.

Milun'j Sampfcn jlgirifits.

Ca'taPLASM. n. /. [r.aTa.v>^a<riiX.] A

poultice ; a foft and moift application.

1 bought in un^ion of a mountcuank.
So murtal, tiiat but dip a knife in it,
WlieiC it draws blood, no taiaplafm fo rare,
Co leded from all fimples chat have virtue
Under the moon, can lave, Shak-fpeare' s Hamlet.

Warm caiapUJpis difcuf*, but kalding hot may
coniTrm the tumour. jjrhutbmt on jllimenti,

Ca'ta.pult. n.f. [catafulia, Lat.] An
engine ufed anciently to throw Hones.

-The balilla violently ihuc great ftones and quar-
ries, as «lfo the catjjulti. Camdin'i Rimaim.
Ca'taRACT. »./. [xaToi^axT)!.] A fall of

water from on high ; a Ihoot of water ;
a cafcade.

Blow, w inds, and crick yourcheeks ; rage, blow !
Yuu ctitai-acli and hurricanes, fpoue
Till you have drcnch'd our fteeplcs. Sbakt(ptarc,

■What .f all
Her ftorci were opcn'd, and tlie firmament
Of lieil ftiould fpout her catiradi of fire ?
lir,(.enJcnt horrours ! Mi/ioti't faraiiife L'lji.

N'j fooner he, with them of man and beaft
SrUa for life, Aiall in th'- aik be lodg'd.
Ami Ihcltct'd round } but iill the caiatafli

Of heav'n fct open, on the earth (hal! ijotir
Rain, day and night. ■ Mihm's P.-!radifi Lcfi.

Torrents and loud impetuous caiarafls.
Through roads abrupt, and rude unfa/hionM tratSls,
Run down the lofty mountain's channel'd iides.
And to the vale convey their foaming tides.

Bbckmore.

Ca'taract. [In medicine.] A fuffufion
of the eye, when little clouds, motes,and
flies feem to iioat about in the air; when
confirmed, the pupil of the eye is ei-
ther wholly, or in part, covered, and
ftiut up with 2 little thin ikin, fo that the
light has no admittance. i^incy.

Sa'aJine hath a yellow millc, which hath like-
wife much acrimony jfor it clcinferh the eyes : it
is good i\fo for catarails. Bacm'i Nmural Hiftirj.

CATA'RRH. «./ [Kcctul'fiu,, dffliw.] A
defluxion of a fharp ferura from the
glands about the head and throat, ge-
nerally occafioned by a diminution of
infenfible perfpiration, or cold, wherein
what Ihould pafs by the fkin, oozes out
upon thofe glands, and occalions irrita-
tions. The caufes are whatfoever occa-
fions too great a quantity of fcrum ;
whatfoever hinders the difcharge by
urine, and the pores of the fkin.

^incy.

All fev'rous kinds,

ConvuI6on», epilepfies, fierce latarrhs. Parad.LoJI.

Neither was the body then fubjedl to die by

piecemeal, and languifh under coughs, catarrhs^

or confumptions. South.

Cata'rrhal. 7 "'O- U^om catarrh.']

Cata'rr hous. J Relatingto acatarrh ;

proceeding from a catarrh.

The catarrhal fever requires evacuarions. Floyer.
Old age attended with a glutinous, eold, ca-
tarrbom, Itucophle^matick conftitution.

ArbulbiM on Dill.

Cata'stROPHE. «. y; [y.xraJ^^n^ri.]

1. The change, or revolution, which pro-
duces the conclufion or final event of a
dramatic piece.

Pat ! — He comes like the catafircfbe of the old
comedy. Shakifpiare.

That phitofopher declares for tragedies, whofe
cataftropbes are unhappy, with relation to the prin-
cipal characters. Dcnnii.

2. A finil event ; a conclufion, generally
unhappy.

Hzic was a mighty revolution, the moft horrible
and portentous catajf raphe that nature ever )et hw j
an elegant and habitable earth quite Ihattercd.

fi^'uodtvard' i Natural li'tjlory,

Ca'tcal. n. /. [from ca: atid call.] A
fqueaking inllrumcnt, ufed in the play-
houfe to condemn plays.

A young lady, at the theatre, conceived a paHion
for a notorious rake that headed a party of catcall.

Sfedator.

Three catcall be the bribe

Of him, whofe chatt'ting fhames the m'Ankey

tribe. Pope.

To CATCH. V. a. preter. I catched or

caught \iii have catched or caught, \_kctfcn,

Dutch.]

1 . To lay hold on with the hand : inti-
mating the fuddennefs of the action.

And when he arofc againft roc, I caught him
by bis beard, and fmote him, and flew hitn.

I Sam. xvit. 35.

2. To flop any thing flying ; to receive
any thfng in the paflage.

Oihcr-i, to catch the breeze of breathing air.
To Tufculum or A'gldu repair. Addij'M en Italy,

3. To feize any thing by pnrfuit.

I law him run after a fildcd butterfly, »nd,
when he taught it, he let it go again ; and after it
again ; and over and over he comes, and up again ;
and caught it again. Sbakefpiare"! Cor'rJafiau

4. To flop any thing falling J to intercept
falling.

A fhepherd diverted himfelf with toflfing up
^FL^, and catching them again. Sped.itor,

5. To enfnare ; to etuangle in a fnare ; to
take or hold in a trap.

And rhey fent unt.5 him certain of the Pharifce*
'and of the Herodians, to catch him in his wofdi.

Markf xii. 13.

Thefe artificial methods of rcafoning are more
adapted to c>itch ^nd entangle the mind, than co
inltru^ and inform t!ic undcrRanding. Locke,

6. To receive fuddenly.

Tlie curling fmoke mounts heavy from the lires.
At length it cjtches Hame, and in 3 blaze expires.

liryilen.
But ftopp'i for fear; thws violently driv'n.
The fpirks fliould caith his axletree of heav"n.

Dryjcfi,

/.• To faften fuddenly upon ; to feize.

The mule went iinJer Ijic thick boughs of a
great oak, and his Jiead caught hold of the oak.

z Sam. xviii. 19.
Would they, like Benbadad's embafladors,
catch hold of every amicable exprellion ?

Decay of Piety t

8. To feize unexpeiEledly.

To catch fomctbing out of his mouth, that theyt
might accufe him. Luke, xi. 54.

9. To feize eagerly.

They have caught up every thing greedily, with
that bufy curiofity, and unlJrisfa£tory inquifitive-
ncfs, which Seneca calls the difcal'c of the Greeks.

Pr.pe,
I've perus'd her well;
Beauty and honour in her are fo mingled,
That they have caught the kWig.

^hukefpeare'lIlmyVlW.

10. To pleafe ; to feize the aliedions ; to
charm.

For I am young, a novice in the trade,
The fool of love, unpractis'd to pcrfuadc.
And want the foothiug arts that catch the fair.
But, caught myfcif, lie ftruggling in the fnare,

D'yden,

! I. To receive any contagion or difeafe.

I cannot name the difeafe, and it is caught
Of you that yet are well. Shakejp. IVttiter'i Tall,

Thofe meaOes,
Which we difdain'ftiould teeter us, yet feek
The very way to catch them. Shakefp. Corhlanus,

In footh I know not why I am fi fad :
It wearies me; you fay it wearies you;
But how I caught it, foimd it, or came by it,
I am to learn. Sbaieffejre's Merchant of fenke.

The foftell of our Britilh ladies expifc their
necks and arms to the open air; which the men
could not do without catching coU, for want of
being accuftomcd to it, Addifon^t Guardian,

Or call the winds tl r >' long arcades to roar.
Proud to catch cold at a Venetian door. Pops,

12. To catch at. To endeavour fuddenly to
lay hold on.

Saucy liftors
Will eatcb at us like ftrnmpets, and fcald ihimcrs
Ballad u; qut of tune. Shak, .'Inf.ny and Cleopatra,

Make thrra caii h ai iU opportunities of fubvert-
ing the fta-c. Addifon's '

To Catch. 1/. n.

Addifoti's State of the W»r,

1. To be co^t^g^ous 5 to -fpread infeflion,
or mifchief.

'Tis time to give them phyfick, their difenfes
Are grown it catching, Shakefpearti Henry VHI,

Sicknrfs is catchii^g\ oh, were favour lo 1
Yours wou!d I catch; fair Hcrmia, ero 1 go. Shak,

Corfi x.ing it v.ith all its malignity \n\catchiiig
nature, it may be enumerated with ttie word of
epidciniclu. , tl't- !-cr,

N n i 'U

CAT

The iislace of Deiphobui arcendk
In fmoaky flames, and caichti on his friettds. Dryi.

Does the ledition catib from man to man.
And run .-unong the ranks ? jidd'tJcM^ i Cato,

2, To lay hold foddenly : as, tke hook
catchn.

When the yellow hair !n flame fliouM fall.
The tatcbing Are might bum the golden cawi.

Drydtn.

Catch, n./. [from the verfe.]

1. Seizure; the aft of feizing any thing
that flics or hides.

Taught by his open eye,
His cyei that ev'n did mark htr trodden grafs.
That Ihe would fain the catch of Strephon fly.

Sidney.

2. Watch; the pofKire of feizing.

Bjf.i of them lay upon the catch for a great
action } ic ii no wonder, therefore, that they were
often engaged on one fubje£t.

AJJifcn OK AmUtit Medals.

3. An advantage taken ; hold laid on, as
in hafte.

All which notions are but ignorant cftcbcs of a
few things, which are moft obTiouJ to men's ob-
ftrvations. Bacon*

The motton is bat a catch of the wit upon a
fic^' inllances ; as the manner is in the philol'ophy
received. Bacon.

Fate of empires, and the fall of king<.
Should tuta on flying hours, and cateb of moments.

Dryden,'

4. The zGt of taking qt»ickly from another.

Several quires, placed one over againfl another,
and taking the voice by catches anthem wife, give
great pleafurc. Baccn.

;. A fong fung in fuccefiion, where one
catches it from another.

This is the tone of our rarci, play'd by the pic-
turc of nobody. ShjJteJpeare^ t Tem^ejl.

Far be from thence the glutton parafite.
Singing hit drunken catches all the night.

Drydtn jun.

The meat was ferv'd, the bowls were crown'd,

Catchts were fung, and healths went round. Prior.

6. The thing caught ; profit ; advantage.

Heflor fliall have a great catch, if he knock out
your brains ; he were as good crack a fufty nut
with no kej-nel. Shakcfpcare^s Trtiilus and Crcjpda'.

7. A faatch ; a (hort interval of aftion.

It has been writ by catches, with many intervals.

Locke.

8. A taint ; a flight contagion.

WeretainaMffi of thofe preny ftories, and our,
airakencd imagination fmiles in the recolleAIon.
GUnville's Scepjis.

9. Any thing that catches and holds, as a
hook.

10. A fmall fwift-failing (hip t often writ-
ten htci.

CA'TCHEt.. n. /. [(rota catcb.'l

1. He thit catches.

2. That in which any thing is caught.

Scallops will move fo Itrongly, as oftentimes to
kap out of the cauher wherein they are caught.

Griit''! Muj'trum.

Ca'tchflv. n. /. [from catch z.nA fly.]
A plant ; a fpecies of campion ; which
fee.

Ca'tchpoll. n.f. [fromca/fA and/o//.]
A ferjeant ; a bumbaiUfF.

Catchpoll, though now it be ufcd as a word of
contempt, yet, in ancient times, it feeras to have
been uied without reproach, for fuch as we now
call ferjeants of the rnace, or any other that ufes
to arrell men upon any caufe. Coviill.

Theycall all temporal bufinefli:! undcrlheriflFries,
as if they were but matters for underflierifFs and
catckpoU: j though many times thofe mdcrlheriff-
ncs do moi^guoj than (licit high fpcculatinns.

Baton's Ejfays.

CAT

Another roonfter^
Sullen of afpe£l, by the vulgar calPd
A catchpill, whofe polluted hands the gods
With force incredible and magick charms
Erfl have endued, if he his ample palm
Should haply on ill-fated flioulder Uy
Of debtor. Philips.

C a'tc HWOR D. «./ [from catch and ivord.
With printers.] The word at the corner
of the page under the laf. line, which is
repeated at the top of the next page.
Cate. n.f. Food ; fomething to be eaten.
This is fcarcely read in the . lingular.
SeeCATEs.

We'll fee what eaies you have.
For foldiers ftomachs always ferve them well. Shai.
Catechb'tical. aiij. [from x«t»i;{i«.]
Conlilting of quellions and anfwers.

Socrates introduced ^ catacheticai mci)\oi of ar-
guing ; he would alk his adverbry qu^Ilion upon
queltion, till he convinced him, out of his own
mouth, that his opinions were wrong.

Addifon's Spc^jfor.
Cateche'tically. ai/f. [itom cateche-
tical.'] In the way of queftion and anfwer.
To CA'TECHISE. 1/. a. [xar^x'"-]
I. 'To inftruft by a&ing quellions, and
correfting the anfwers.

1 will catcchije the world for him ; that is, make

quellions, and bid them anfwer. Shaisjp. Othello.

Had thole three thoufand fouls been eatcchifcd by

our modern cafuills, we bad ieen a wide difl^erence.

Decay of Piety.

2. To queftion ; to interrogate ; to exa-
mine ; to try by interrogatories.

Why then I fuck my teeth, Anicatechife
My piked man of countries. Shakefp. King John.
There flies about a ftrange report.
Of foAie exprefs arriv'd at court ;
I'm ftopp'd by all the fools 1 meet,
And catechis d in «v'ry ftreet. Sivift.

Ca'techiser. tt. f. [ftOTCiTo catechiji.]
One who catechifes.

Ca'techism. n.f. [from xal»i;^;i^ii.] A
form of inftruftion by means of quellions
and anfwers, concerning religion.

Ways of teaching there have been fundry always
ufual in God's church J for the firft introduftion
of youth to the knowledge of God, the Jews even
till this day have their calechifms. Hooker.

He had no catechifm but the creation, needed
no ftudy but reflc£lion, and read no book but the
volume of the world. South.

Ca'tech:st. n.f. [x»l»!X'rw-] Onewhofe
charge is to inftruft by queftions, or to
queftion the uninftrufted concerning re-
ligion.

None of year* and knowledge was admitted,
who had not been inftrufled by the cateclijl in this
foundation, which the catechij} received from the
bilhop. Hammond's Fundamenidt.

Catech'u'men. »./. [xolijj^a/xti'©-.'] One
who is yet in the firft rudiments of chrif-
tianity ; the loweft order of Chriftians
in the primitive church.

The prayers of the church did not begin in St.
Aullin's time, till the catechuikins were dlfmifl'cd.

StWingfeet.

Catbchume'nical. aJJ. [from catechu-
men,'] Belonging to the catechumens.

Dia.

CATECo'tLicAL. aJJ. \_(rom categerj.] Ah-
folute ; adequate ; pofitive ; equal to the
thicg to be exprefled.

The king's commiflioncrs defircd to kntiw,
whether the parliament's commiflioners did believe
that bifliops were unlawful? They could never
obtain a categorical anfw«r. Clarendon.

c A ;r

A fingle propofitipn, which it alfo tattforiealf
may be divided again into fimplc and complex.

tVattt's Log'uk,
Cateco'iiically. ativ. [from categon-
cc,!.]

1. Direftly ; cxprefsly.

2. Pofitively ; plainly.

J I dare a:1irm, and that categoricafly, ;n all part!
wherever trade is great, and continues fo, that
trade mufl be nationally prnAtahle.

Child's Difcourfe of Trade,

CA'TEGORY.»./ [xal^yof/k.j'A clafs ;
a rank ; an order of ideas ; a predica-
ment.

The abfohite infinitude, in a manner, quite
changes the nature of beings, and exalts them into
a different categiry. Cheyne,

Catena'rian. adj. [from M/wa, Lat.]
Relating to a chain ; refembling a
chain.

In geometry, the catenarian curve is formed by
a rmie or chain hanging freely between two points
of^ifpenfion. Harris.

The back is bent after the manner of the cate-
narian curve, by which it obtains that curvature
that is fafefl for the :n^ludcd marrow.

Cheyne' s Philojopbical Principles,

To CA'TENATE. i;. a. [from catena,
Lat.] To chain. Dia.

Catena'tion. n. f. [from catena, Lat.]
Link ; regular connexion.

This catenation, or conferving union, whenever
his pleafure fhall divide, let go, or feparate, they
Ihali fall from their exiftonce. Bro'.un't yulg. Err,

TVCa'ter. "v. n. [from cettes.] To pro-
vide food ; to buy in viftuals.

He that doth the ravens feed.
Yea providently caters f)r the fparrow.
Be comfort to my age. ' Shakefp, As you Ftie it,-

Ca'ter. v.f. [from the verb.] Provider;-
colletlor of provifions, or viftuals : mif-
printed perhaps for caterer.

The oyflers dredged in this Lyner, find a wel-
comer acceptance, where the tafie is eater for the
Aoniach, tlian tliofe of the Tamar.

Carrw's Sur-vey of Cornwall.
Ca'ter. n. f. [qteatre, Fr.] The four of

cards and dice.
Ca'ter-cousin. n. f. a corruption of
quatre-cotijin, from the ridiculoufnefs of
calling coufm or relation to fo remote a
degree.

His mafler and he, fanog your worfhip'i reve-
rence, are fcarce cater-cottjins,

Shakefpeare"! Merchant of Venice.

Poetry and rcafon, how come thcfe to be cater-

couftr.s T Rynur's Tragedies of the lajl Age,

Ca'terer. n.f, [from, cater.] On« em-
ployed to feleft <ind buy in provifions
for the family ; the providore or pur-
veyor.

Let no fcent ofi'enfive the chamber infeA;
Let fancy, not coll, prepare ail our difhes ;

Let the caterer mind the tafte of each gueft.
And the cwk in his drcfling comply with their
wi/hes. Ben y onion's T.ivern Academy.

He made the greedy ravens to be Elias's caterers,
and bring him food. King Charles.

Seldom fhall one fee in cities or courts that
athletick vigour, which is fcen in p.5or houfes,
where nature is their cook, and necefTity their
caiirer. South.

Ca'teress. n.f. [from cater.] A woman
employed to cater, or provide vidluals.

Impoftor ! do not charge innocent nature,
As if fhe W3uld her children fhould be riotous
With her abundance : flie, good catercfs.
Means her provifua only to the good. Milton,

Ca'terfillar.

CAT

Ca'terpim-ar. 11. f. [This v/ord. Skimitr
and Minjhevj are iocliivid to derive from
chatte felu/e, a wedfel. It feems eafily de
ducible from caies, food, and pilUr, Fr.
to rob ; the animal that eats up the
fruits of the earth.j

1. A worm which, when It gets wings, is
fuftained by lea\'e3 and fruits.

The catrrfillar breedeth of dew and leaves ; fir
we fee infinite caterpillars breed upen trees and '
hedges, by which the leaves of the trees or hcdgci
are confumed. Bacon.

Aufter is drawn with a pot pouring forth water,
viilh which dcfccnd gralshoppers, catirfillan, and
creatures bred by moifture. Peackam an Drawing.

2. Any thing voracious and ufelefs.
Ca'terpill AR. n./. [fcorfioides, Lat.]

The name of a plant. Miller.

To Caterwa'ul. t/. ». [from ffl/.]

1. To make a noife as- cats in rutting
time.

2. To make any offenfive or odious noife.

What a cateru-aulir^g do you keep here ! If my
lady has not called up her lleward Malvolio, and
bid hitn turn you out of doors, never truft rr.e-

Ukakcfpcarei I'wllfth Nigit.
Was no difpute between
The catcrivauLng brethren ? HuJihras,

CATES. »•/. [of uncertain etymology :
Skinner imagines it may be corrupted
from dilicate ; which is not likely, be-
caufe Junius obferves, that the Dutch
have kater in the fame fenfe with our
<ater. It has no Jingular.'] Viands ;
food ; difh of meat : generally employed
to fignify nice and luxurious food.

The fair acceptance. Sir, creates
The cntettainment perfeS, not the eatei.

Ben yon/on.
O waAefut riot, never itell content
With low priz'd fare ; hunger ambitious
Of caut by land and Tea far fetcht and fcnt.

Ralelgb.
Alas, how fimple to thefe cam,
V^as that crude apple that diverted £ve !

farad'tje Ltjl.
They, by th' alluring odour drawn, in hafte
Fly to the dulcet cam, and crowding fip
Their palatable bane. Philip!.

With coftly cam (he ItainM her frugal board,
I'bcn with ill-gacten wealth Ih; bought a lord.

Arkuttmt.

Ga'tfish. n./. The name of a fea-fi(h
in the Weft Indies ; fo called from its
round head and large glaring eyes, by
which they are difcovered in. hollow
rocks. Phillips.

Ca'th ARPiNGs. «. /. Small ropes in a
ihip, running in little blocks from one
fide of the llirouds to the other, near the
deck : they belong only to the main
(hroods ; and their ufe is to force the
flirouds tight, for the eafe and fafety of
the mafts, when the (hip rolls. Harris.

Catha'rtical. ) /7i^.[KixSafTixo«.] Purg-

Cath a'rtick._ j ing medicines. The
vermicular or periftaltick motion of the
guts continually helps on their contents,
from the pylorus to the reftum ; and
every irritation either quickens that mo-
tion in its natural order, or occafions
feme little inverfioDS in it. In both,
what but (lightly adheres to the coats
will be loofened, and they will be more
agitated, and thus rendered more fluid.
Sy this only it is maaifeft, how a ca-

C A T

thartic haftens and increafes the dif-
charges by (tool ; but where the force
of the. ftimulus is great, all the appen-
dages of the bowels, and all the vilcera
in the abdomen, will be twiched ; by
which a great deal will be drained back
into the inteftines, and made a part of
what they difcharge. ^incy.

(^uickfilver precipitated either with gold, or
without addition, into a powder, is wont to be
ftrongly enougfi cathariieal, though the chymifts
have not proved, t!'.at eiihcr gold or mercury hath
any fait, much lefs any that is purgarive.

Beyle's Sccpriijl CiymiJI.

LuftratJons and catbarticks of the mind were
fought for, and all endeavour ufed to calm and re-
gulate the fury of the pallions. Decay of Piety.

The piercing caufticks ply their fpitet'ul pow'r,
Emeticks ranch, and keencd/<6tfr/i^'^i I'cour. Garth,

Plato has called mathematical demoiVlrations
the cattarticks or purgatives of the fool.

AJetiftn't Spiffator.

Catha'rticalness. n./. [fTotacati>ar-

ticaJ.] Purging quality.
Ca'thead. n.f. A kind of foffil.

The nodules with leaves in them, called catheads,
feem to conlill of a f>rt or iron flonc, nut unlike
that which is found in the rocks near Whitehaven
in Cumberland, where they call them catfcaups.

pyoodnvard or: Fi^Jjils.

Ca'thead.*./, [^naOiip.] A piece of
timber with two ftiivers at one end, hav-
ing a rope and a block, to which is faf-
tened a great iron hook, to trice up the
anchor from the hawfe to the top of the
forecaftle. Sea Dia.

Cathe'dral. adj. \{rom cathedra, Latl a
chair of authority ; an epifcopal fee.]

1. Epifcopal ; containing the fee of a
bilhop.

A cathedral church is that wherein there are two
or more perfons, with a bilhop at the head of
them, that do make as it were one body politick.
Ayliffe's Parergon.
Methought I fat in feat of majefty.
In the cathedral church of WeftminAer.

Sbatefpeare's Henry VI.

2. Belonging to an epifcopal church.

His conftant and regular aliii^ing at the cjthe-
drat fervice was never interrupted by the Iharpncl's
of wcathrr. Lccie.

3. In low phrafe, antique ; venerable ;
old. This feems to be the meaniii;' '"
the following lines.

Here aged trees cathedral walks compofe.
And mount the hill in venerable rows 5
There the green infants in their beds are laid. P'^pe.

Cathe'dral, n./. The head church of
a diocefe.

'I here is nothing in Leghorn f(r extraordinary as
K\\tyfathedral, which a man may view with plea-
fure, after he has feen St. Peter's. Addijon on Italy.
Ca'tHERINE PEAR. SecPEAR,

For ftreaks of red were mingled tliere,
Such as are on a Catberitie pear.
The fide that's next the lun. Sttckting.

Ca'th ETER, n.f. [KaStrij.] A hollow
and fomewhat crooked inflrument, to
thruft into the bladder, to afTiil in bring-
ing away the urine, when the paflage is
flopped by a ftone or gravel.

A large clyfter, fudJenly ir.jeftcd, hath fsr-
quently forced the urine out of the bladder; but
if it hi\, a catheter mull help you.

f^iftman's Surgery.

Ca'tholes. «./ [In a (hip.] Two little
holes aftern above the gun-room ports,
to bring in a cable or hawfer through

9

CAT

them to •-He capftan, when there is oc-

rafion to heave the (hip afkrn. Sea Dm. .
Catho'licism. n, /. [ from eatholick.'\

Adherence to the catholick church.
CA'THOLICK. adj. [catholiqut, Fr. xa-'

SoXix®-, univerfal or general.]

1, The church of Jefus Chrift is called ca-
thtlick, becaufe it extends throughout the
world, and is not limited by time.

2. Some truths are faid tS be catholick,
becaufe they are received by all the
faithful.

3. Catholick is often fet in oppofition to
heretick or fe6lary,.and to fchifmatick*

4, Catholick or canonical epiftles, are feven
in number ; that of St. James, two of
St. Peter, three of St. John, and that of-
St. Jude. They are called catholick,
becaufe they are direfted to all the faith-
ful, and not to any particular church ;
and canonical, becaufe they contain ex»
cellent rules of faith and morality.

Calmet,
Doubtlefs the fuccefs of thofe your great and ca-
tholick endeavours will promote the empire of man
over nature, and bring plentiful accefiion of glory
to your nation, ^ Clanville's Scepjis^

Thofe fyrtems undertake to give an account oP
the formation of the univerfe, by mechanical hy-
pothefes of matter, moved either uncertainly, or
according to feme catholick laws. Ray.

Catho'licon, n.f. [from catholick; xu-
So'Xixo» i«fta.] An univerfal medicine.

Prefervation againft that fin, is the contempla-
tion of the laft judgment. 'This is indeed a ca~
thclicon againll all; but we find it particularly
applied by St, Paul to judging and defpifing our
brethren, Covcrttmertt of the Tongue.

Ca'tkins. n.f. [iattekeiu, Dutch. In bo-
tany.] An alfemblage of imperfeft flow-
ers hanging from trees, in manner of a
rope or cat's tail ; ferving as male blof-
foms, or flowers of the trees, by which
they are produced. Chambers.

Ca'tlike. adj. [from cat and like.'\ Like
a cat,

A lionefs, with udders all drawn dry.
Lay couching head on ground, with catlike watch.

Shakefpeare.
Ca'tlinc. n.f.

1 . A difmcmbering knife ufed by fur-
geons. Harris.

2. It feems to be ufed by Shake fpeare for
catgut ; the materials of fiddle ttrings.

What muficjc there will be in him after HcClor
hns knocked out his brains, 1 know not. But, 1
am fure, none ; unlcfs the fidlcr Apollo get his '
fi:if-ws to make catlings of. Shaktj'feart.

3. The down or mofs growing about wal-
nut trees, refembling die hair of a cat,

Harris.
Ca'tmint. «. f. \cataria, Lat.] The

name of a plant. ' "Miller.

Cato'p TRICAI., adj. [from catoptricks.'\

Relating to catoptricks, or vifion by re-

fleifliou,

A catoptrical or dio'ptrical heat is fuperlour to
any, vitnf;ing the hardcit lubftoncas.

Arbuthr'jt on Air. •

Cato'ptricks. »./. [y'aT07r1^o», a looking

glafs.] That part of opticks which treats

of vilion by reflection,
Ca'tpipe. »./. [from frt/ and /;)><•.] Th«

fame with catcal ; an iiillrument that

makes a ftpcaking noife.
I Svnie

C A V

Some fcDglers can no mare fiiig i« any cham-
ber but their own, than lum< cierlcs can read in
•ny book bdt their own j fxit them out of tl^xir
coad once, and they are mere afifa and dunces.
. L'Efirangt.

Cat's-eye. ti. f. A flonc.

Cat'i.tye is ot' a jjlirtcting grey, interchanged
with a ftraw colour. WiXhtViirti on Fojfui.

Ca i's-fo6t. n.f. An herb ; the fame with

ahhcof, or grcunJ-ivy ; which fee.
Cat's-head. n.f. A kind of apple.

Cut'i-heaJ, by f me called the gn-no-t'urther,
i< a veiy lar^e apfte, and a good bearer.

M^riimcr's Hujhaiidry.

Ca'tstiver. ruf. A kind of foflil.

^tjilvcr \\ compofrd ofplales that are generally
plain and parallel, and tl'.at ate Rrxible and elal-
tiClc; and is nt thr:i: I'orts, the yellow ur golden,
the white or fiivery, and th« black.

M^xdiuarJ en Fejjils.

Cats-tail. n.f.

I. A long round fubftance, that grows in

winter upon nut-trees, pines, (Si.
z. A kind of reed which bears a fpike like

the tail of a cit.

Phillips's WorlJ of Words.
Ca'tsup. n.f. A kind of Indian pickle,

imitated by pickled muftirooms.

And, /or our home-bred Britiih cheer,
Botargo, catjuf, ard cavior. Swft.

Ca'ttle. ft.f. [A word of very common
ofe, but of doublful or unknown ety-
mology. It is derived by Skinner, Me-
nage, and Spelman, from capitalia, qutt
ad caput pertinent ; perfonal goods : in
which fenfe chattels is yet ufed in our
law. Mandi-ville ufes catch for price.'\

1 . Beads of pafture, not wild nor domeftick.

Make poor men's cuttlt break their nerks.

Shak'ffcart.
And God made 'he bead of the earth after his
kind, ami cattle a.'cer their kind, and ev«ry thing
that creepeth upon the earth after his kind.

Gimjii, i. 25.

2. It is ufed in reproach of human beings.

Brys and women arc tor the mott part rattle of
this colour. Sltikc'peare^i As ytiu like it,

Cavalca'de. n.f [Fr. from ca-vallo, a
horfe, Ital.] A proceffion on horfcback.

Your cavalcade the fair I'pedtators v.cw,
From their high (landings, yet look up to you :
From your bra\e tr^in each finjjU-s out a riy.
And longs to date a cunquell from your day. -

Dryditi.

How muft the heart of the oFd m.in rejoice,

vhen he f jw fuch a numerous cavalcade of Sis own

raifingi Addijot-.

CAVALi'ER. n.f [ca-valier, Fr.]

1. A horfeman ; a knight.

2. A gay, fprightly military man.

fcor \vh.» i^ he, wiio'c chin is hjteiuichM
With one appear'ng hair, that will not follow
Thcic cuird and choice drawn cavjlicrs to France ?
Shaiefytiire'i Hcnrv VIV..

3. The appellation of the patty of king
Charles the Firft.

Each party grows proud of that appellation,
which their adverl'aries it tirlt intend as a reproach r
of this fjrt wre the Guclfs and Grbclines, Hu-
guenots, and Cavalitri. Sioift,

Cavali'er. adj. [from the fubftantive.]

1. Gay; fprightly; warlike.

2. Generous; brave.

The people are naturally not valiant, and not
much catjaiur. Now it is the nature of cowards
to hurt, where they can receive none. Suckling.

3. Dildainful ; haughty.
Cavai.i'krly. adv. [ from cavalier. ]

Haughtily ; arrogantly i dii'dainfully.

C A V

Ca'valrv. n.f. [cavalcrie, Fr.] Ilorfe
troops ; bodies of men furniftied wi,th
horfes for war.

If a ftjtc run inoft to gentlemen, and the huf-
bandmen and plowmen be but as tfccir woikfolks,
you may have a good cavalry, but never good (la
blc bands of foot. Bticm't Ilevry VH.

Then cavalry, in the battle of Hienheim, could
not fuftain triefiiock. of tiic Britifli hoife.

, Addifin en the {far.

To Ca'vate. v. a. [catjo, Lat.] *To
hollow out ; to dig into a hollow.

Cava'zion. n. f [from ca-vo, Lat. In
architeflure.] The hollowing or under-
digging of thr earth for cellarage ; al-
lowed to be the fixth part of the height
of the whole building. Phillips.

Ca'udbbecx. n.f. A fort of light hats,
fo called from a town in France where
they were firft made. Phillips.

CA'UDLE. n.f. [chaudeau, Fr.] A mix-
ture of wine and other ingredients,
given to women in childbed, and fick
perfons;

Ye fliall have a hempen caudle then, and the
help of a hatchet. ShaUffcare's Henry VI.

He iiad good broths, caudle, and fuch like; and
I believe he did drink fomc wine. fVifmnni Surg.

ToCa'udle. 'v.a. [from the noun.] To
make caudle ; to mix as caudle.

Will the cold brook,
Candied with ice, caudle thy morning toaft,
To cure thy o'ernight's furfcit ? Sh.tk. T;««».

CAVE. n.f. leave, Fr. cawa, L.-it.]
I. A cavern ; a den ; a hole entering ho-
rizontally under the ground ; a habita-
tion in the earth.

The wrathful fkies
Callow the very wand'rcrS of the -dark.
And make them keep their cairei. Shaki K. hear.

Bid him bring his power
Before fun-rll"i:ig, Icll h's fnn George fail
Into the blind cave of eternal n'ght.

SbaUffarf'% Richard Ul.

They did fqnare and carve, and p ilifli their

(lone and marble works, even in the very rave of

the quarry. ff^itten.

Through this a cave was dug with vaft expence ;

The work it feem'd of lome fufpicious prince.

Dryden.
z. A hollow ; any hollow place. Not ufed.

The objeft of fight doth ftrike upon the pupil
of the eye direftly ; whereas the cave of the ear
doth hold off the fnund a little. Bacon's Nat. HiJI.

ToCAve.-v.n. [from the noun.] To dwell

in a cave.

Such as we

Care here, haunt here, arc outlaws. Sb.tiffpeare.
Ca'veat. n.f. [ccifcal, Lat. let him ie-

tvare.] Intimation of caution.

A caveat is an intim:it:on given to fomc ordinary
or ccclelialVical judaic by the a<£t of man, notifying
to him, that he ought to beware how he aifts in
fuch or fuch an affair. ■'^y^'ff'-

The chiefeft caveat in reformation mull be to
keep out the Scots. S fencer en Inland.

I am in danger of commencing pnct, pcrhap'.
laureat ; pray defire Mr. Rowe to enter a ca-jeat.
trumhiill to Pcpt.

Ca'vern. ».y; [ca-vernathm..] A hollow
place in the ground.

Where wiU th ni find a cavern dark enough
To malk thy monrtrous vifage ? Shak. Juliui Ceef.

M mfters of the foamiiig deep.
From the deep ooze and gelid cavern rous'd.
They flounce and tremble in unwieldy joj.

Tbomfin.
Ca'vernbd. adj. [from cavern.]
I. Full of cavcrni ; hollow; excavated.

C A V

Embattled troops, with flowing banners, paA
Through flow'ry mcadr, delighted ; nor diftruft
The fmiling furfacj; viWilH tht eavern'd ^icvni
llurilb fatal, and involves the hopes of war
In fiSry whirles. Philij,!.

High a! Ills head from out the cevcrn'J rock.
In living rills, a gufliing fountain broke.

Pope'i Oivffty,

2. Inhabiting a cavern.

No bandit fierce, no tyrant mad with pride,
No cjKfrnV htrmit, teftT. fdf-fati.fy'd. Pefe.

Ca'vernous. «<ir. [from<-fli'«».] Full of
caverns.

No great damages are done by earthquakes, ex-
cept only in thofc countries which are mountain-
ous, and confequently ftony and cavernous under-
neath, fyocdtvard's Natural Hi cry.

CjrE'SSON. n.f [Fr. Inhorfemanfhip.]
A fort of nofeband, fometimcs made of
iron, and fometimes of leather or wood ;
fomctimes flat, and fometimes hollow or
twiftcd ; which is put upon the nofe of
a horfe, to forward the fuppling and
breaking of him.

An iron cavijfin faves and fpares the mouths of
young horfes when they are broken ; for, by the
help 01 it, they are accuftomed to obey the hand,
and to bend .the neck and (boulders, without hurt-
ing their mouths, or fpoiling their bars with the
bit. Farrier's DiSI,

Cauf. n.f A cheft with holes in the top,
to keep iilh alive in the water.

Phillips's ff^or/doffTords.

Caught, particip. poff. [from To catch;
which fee]

Cavia're. n.f [the etymology uncer-
tain, unlefs it come from garum, Lat.
fauce, or pickle, made of filh faked.]

The eggs of a rturgeon, being falted and made
up into a niafs, were fiift brought from Cunllaa-
tinople by the Italians, and called caviare.

Gmv i Muftrurit
Cavi'er. n.f A corruption of ca'viare.

See Catsup.
To CA'VIL. "v. n. [ca-viller, Fr. cavil-
lari, Lat.] To raife captious and frivo-
lous objedions.

I'll give thrice fo much land'
To any well-defcrving friend;
But, in the way of bargain, mark ye me,
I'll cavil on the ninth psrt of a hair.

Shaiffpeare's Henry IV,
My lord, you do not well, in obftinacy
To cavil in th; courfe of this contraft.

Stakejpeare's Henry VI.
He cavils firft at the poet's inlifting fo much
upon the effedis of Achiiles's rag ;.

Pcpe's Nslei en the Hied.

To Ca'vi L. v. a. To receive or treat with

objeftions.
Thou didft accept them : wilt thou enjoy the
good,
Then cavil the conditions ? Paradife L'J},

Ca'vil. n.f. [from the verb.] Falfe or
frivolous objeftions.

Wifer men confider how fubjeft the he(i things
have been unto cavil, when w its, poficffcd with dif-
dain, have fet them up as their mark to (hoot at.

Hooker,

Several divines, in order to anfwcr the cavils of
thofe advcrfarics to truth and molality, began to
find out farther explanations. S-.v'if!.

Cavill a'tion. n.f. [from f<j'i.'//.] The
difpofition to make captious objertion ;
the praiilice of objecting.

I might add fo mucit concerning the large odds
between the cafe of the eldeft churches in regard
of heathens, and ours in rcfpctj of the churcli of
Rome, that very taviilatita itfelf (hould he I'a-
titficd. HuUr.

Ca'villf K.

C A U

Ca'vili.er. n, f. l^ca-viUator, Lat. ] A
man fond of making objeftions ; an un-
fair adverfary ; a captious difputant. .

The candour wiiich Horace ihews, is that which
diftinguiihei a critick from a ca-vHhr\ he decliies,
tliat he is not offended '^ little faults, which inay
be Imputed to inadvertency. AJdipns Guardian.
There is, I grant, room ftiU left for a ca-uilUr to
mifreprefent my meaning. "

After bury* t Preface to bis Sermons.
Ca'villingly. at^if. [from cai/illing.']

In a cavilling manner.
CA'vir.Lous. adj. [from ca'vil.'\ Unfair
in argument; full of objeftions.

Thofc perlbns arc faid tq be cavillws and un-
faithful advocates, by whofc fraud and iniquity
juftice Is dcftroyed. A\!iffe.

CJ'VIN. nlf. [French. In the military
art.] A natural hollow, fit to cover a
body of troops, and confequently faci-
litate their approach to a place. Did.

Ca'vity. n.f. [cavi/as, Latin.] Hollow-
nefs ; hollow ; hollow place.

The vowels are made by a free paflage of breath,
vocalized through the cavity o{ the mouth; the
faid cavity being di fterently ibaped by the poftures
of the throat, tongue, and lips.

HMer's Elements if Speech.
There ij nothing to be left void in a firm build-
ing : even the cavities ought not to be filled with
rubbifh, which is of a peri/hing kind.

Drydeni Dedication to yEr.e''d.

Materials packed together with wonderful art in

the fevcral cavities of the (kull. AddiJ'm's Sficl.

An Inftrumcnt with a fmill cavity, like a fmall

fpoon, dipt in oil, may fetch out the (lone.

A'iuthnrjt on Diet.

If the ;<mofphere wjs reduced into water, it

would not make an orb above thiity-twofeet det-p,

which would foon be fwalluwed up by the cavity

of the fea, and the deprefled parts of <hc earth.

Bertlcy.

Cauk. n./. A coarfe talky fpar.

" fVocJnvard.
Ca'ukv. aiij. [from caui.] A white,
opaque, cauiy fpar, (hot or pointed.

l^'oodivarJ on FoJJils.
Caul. n.f. [of uncertain etymology.]

1. The net in which women inclofe their
hair ; the hinder part of a woman's cap.

Ne fpared tiiey to ftrip her naked all ;
Then when they had defpoil'd her lire and caul.
Such as (he was, their eyes might her tehoid.

Spenftr,
Her head with ringlets of .her hair Is crown'd.
And in a^golden caul the curls arc bound.

Drydtn'i ^neid.

2. Any kind of fmall net.

An Indian mantle of fe.«h«r», and the feathers
wrought into a caul of packthread.

Grno's Mufttum.

3. The omentum ; the integument in
which the guts are inclofed.

The caul fervcs for the warming the lower b?lly,
like an apron or piece nf woollen cloth. Hence a
certain gladiatour, whofc caul Galen cut out, was
lb liable to fuffer cold, that h« kept his belly
tonftantly covered with wool. ~ Ray,

The beaft they then divide, and difunitc
The ribs and limbs, obfeivantof the rite :
On thtfc, ia double cauls invulv'd with art.
The cholccfl morfcis lay. Pipe's OJyffcy.

C\vi.i'rt%ovs. adj. [Uom cauUs, a (lalk,
and fero., to bear, Lat.] A term in bo-
tany for fuch plants as have a trueftalk,
which a great many have not.

Ca'ulifloweic. n. /. [from caulis, Lat.
the llalk of a plant.] A fpccics of cab -
huge.

C A U

Towards the end y>{ the month, earth up your
w-jn:cr plants and fallad herbs ; and plant forth
your cautijiirwcrs and cabbage, which wer'c fown in
Auguft. Evelyns 'Kalcr.dar.

To Caulk. See Ta Calk.

To Ca'uponate. 'V. n. \caupono, Lat.]

To keep a vidualling-houfe ; to fell

wine or vidtuals. Dili.

Ca'usable. adj. [from fa»/o, low Lat.]

That which may be caufed, or efFefted

by a caufe.

That may be miraculoufly effcfted in one, which
is naturally fiiB/ii/j in anotlier.

Brcnuns Vulvar Errours.

Ca'usal. adj. [cau/a/is, low Lat.] Relat-
ing to caufes ; implyipg or containing
caufes.

Every motion owing a dependence on prere-
quired motors, we ^an have no true knowledge of
any, except we would dillindlly -pry into the wiiolc
method of cauj'ai concatenation.

Glanville^s Scepjts Scienti/ica.

Caujal propofitions are, where two propofitions
are joined by cd^^/ particles ; as, houTcrs were not
built, that they might be deftroyed ; Rehobpam
was unhappy, becaufe h« followed evil counfel.

Tfiiiti': LogiiJt.
Causa'litv. n./. [cau/ali/as, low Lzt.]
The agency of a caufe ; the quality of
cauling.

As he created all things, fo is he beyond and In
them all, in his very clTence, as being the foul of
their caufalifies, and the effential caufe of their
exiftenccs. Brtnun'i Vulgar Err'jurs.

By an unadvif'-d tranfiliency from the effort to
the reniotcll caufe, we obfervc not the conncftion,
through the intcrpofal of more Immediate cavja-
lilies. Clanville's Sceffa.

Ca'usally. ad'v. [from fa/(/a/. ] Accord-
ing to the order or feries of caufes.

Thus may it be more caufally made our, what
Hippocrates afBrmeth. Br'^ton's Vulgar Errcurs,
Causa'tion. It./, [from cait/o, low Lit.]
The A&. or power of cauilng.

Thus doth he fomclimes delude us in the con-
ce!ts of ftars and meteors, befides their allowable
anions, afcrjbiog effcSi thereunto of indejcndcnt
caufjticn. Brctvn's Vulgar Errours.

Ca'usative. adj. [a term in grammar.]
That exprefles a caufe or reafon.

Causa'tor. n.j'. [from caufo, low Lat.]
A caufer ; an author of any effedl.

Demonftrativcly underdanding the fimplicity of
perfcfljon, and the Invifible condition of the firft
caufator, it was out of the power of earth, or the
arcopa^ of hell, to work them from it.

BroTun's Vulgar Errours.

CAUSE. »./. [cau/a, Lat.]

1. That which produces or effeiU any
thing ; the efficient.

The wife and learned, amongft the very hea-
thens themfilves, have all acknowledged fome firii
caufe, whereupon originally the being of all tilings
depcndeth ; neither have they otheiwile fpoktii
of that fou/f, than ai an agent, which, knowing
what and why it workeih, obfcrveth, in working,
a mod exaft order or law. llojktr.

Butterflies, and ether flies, revive eafily when
they fccm dead, being brought to the fun or fire;
tlie caufe whereof is the diftufion of the vitjl fpirit,
and the dilating of it by a little heat.

Bacon s Natural Uifiory.

Caife is a fubrtance exerting its power into ait,
to make one thing bejtn to be. Locke.

2. The reafon ; motive to any thing.

The red fliall bear fume other fight.
As cauft will be obey'J. Siaiiffitar.:

So great, fo eonftant, and fo general a praftxe,
murt needs h.^ve not only a caufe, but alfo a great,
a coaftant, and a general <aujt, every yl»y com-
mcnfuratc to fuch an elicit. ' Souil,

C A U

Thus, myal Sir! to fee you landed here.
Was caufe enough of triumph fct a year. Drydert,

.Apneas W' f'i'ring ftood ; then a/lc'd the ctiufcy
Which to the iheam the crowding people draws.

Drydtn,
Even he.
Lamenting that there had teen cat/iof enm'ty,
Will often wiili fate had ordain'd you friends.

Ro^<ve,

3. Reafon of debate ; fubjeft of litigation.

O madnefs of dircuuffe,
That caufe fets up with and a^jainft thyfelf !
Bifold authority. ^haicffeare.

Hear the caufes bet\veen your brethren, and juHge
righteoufly between every man and his brother, '^■
and the ftranger that is with him. Deutirommy,

4. Side ; party ; ground or principle of
aftion or oppofition.

Ere to thy ca:ifc, and thee, my heart inclin'd.
Or loWB.toparty had feduc'd my mind. Tickelt,

To CaiW^. v. a. [from the noun.] To
efFeft a^an agent; to produce.

Never was man whnfe appiehenJions are {bber,
and by a penlivc infpedVion adviled, but hath f )und
by an irniJiftiblc necel^u\^one eveilatling being, all
for ever cuiifmg, and all. for everfullaining.

, Raleigh^

It is necelTary in fuch a chain of caufes to afcend
to and terminate in fome fiift, which iTiould be
the original of motion, and the caufe of ail other
things; but itfelf be caufd by none. South.

She weeping alk'd, in thefe her blooming years.
What unforeieen misfortune caused her care,
To loath h«r life, and languilh in defpair I

Drydens Fables.

Things that move fo fwifr as not to aB'cCl the

fenfes diflinftly, and fo coufe n^t any train of ideas

in the mind, ar.; not perceived to move. Locke.

Ca'uselesly. ad'v. [from caiifelejt.'\

Without caufe ; without reafon.

Human U.vs are not to be broken with fcandal,

nor at ail without reafon ; for he that docs it

caufclejly, is a dcfpifer of the law, and undervalues

its authority. Taylor's Hdy Liiirg,

Ga'useless. adj. [from cau/e.'j

1. Having no caufe ; original in itfelf.

Reach th' Almighty's facred throne.

And make his caufelefs pow'r, the caufe Ci( ail

things, known. B lac ktnore'* Creation.

2. Wanting juft ground or motive.

Vet is my truth ypliglit.
And love avow'd to other lady late,
Thar, to remove the fame, 1 have no might ;
To change love cauftlifs^ is reproach to warlike
knight. . Sfenfcr's Fairy ^iieit.

And me and mine threats not with war but death;
Thus caufelefs hatred endlefs is uncath. Fairfax.

Th« caufelcjs diOike, which oth?is hive conceiv-
ed, is no luthcicnt reafon for us to forbear in any
r'j'-'f- UooLr.

. Ai women yet who apprehend
Some fuddcn caufe of cauje.eft fear.
Although that Iccming cauie take end,
A fl.akin^ through tkcir limbs ihcy fnid. Ji^alJer.

Ala- ! my fears arc^, irfeiefs and ungrounded,

Fao'.alljck dreamt, and melancholy fumrs. Deri:.

Ca'uslr. «. /. [from crtw/^.] He that .

caufes ; the agent by which an eflcft is

produced.

His whole oration {lo"'d upon a fliort na-mtion,
what was the caufer of this ree tamorph'ilis. Sidney.

Is not the caufer ui thcfe tlinclcfs deaths

As blimeful as the exeiutioiicr ? Slaktfpeare.

Ab'lii.tnce, the apof^le determines, is of no

other rial value in iciig.on, than a^ a niinillcrial

e luftr of moral e(IWt». Rogeii.

Ca'usey. In- /• [ciiaiijee, Fr. Thiii

Ca'l'seway. 3 w.'id, by a falfe notion of

its etymology, ha.s been lately written

cau/en-ny.'] A way raifed and paved ; a

w.'iy raifedabove the reft of the ground.

To Shuppin) the let came forth wellward by thtr
caviy, J Cl.ran.xx''. i6.

The

C A U

The otlier way SaUn w««t ivm.
The taujnvay to helUgatc. JUUion.

But thit bruid caxjnvay will ^''rc£l your way,
And you may rcich the town by noon of day.

Drjdirt.
Whofe caujiv>ay partf the vale with Ihady rows ;
Whofe feats the weary traveller repofe. Pofe.

Ca'ostical. I «<^'. [xai/rixo?.] Epithets
Ca'u STICK. 5 of medicaments which
deftroy the texture of the part to which
they are applied, and e:.t it away, or
burn it into an efchar, which they do
by extreme minutenefs, afperity, and
quantity of motion, that, like thofe of
fire itfelf, deftroy the texture of the fo-
lids, and cliange what they are applied
to into a fubllance like burnt flelh ;
which, in a little time, with detergent
dreiTing, falls quite off, andAavcs a
vacuity in the part. ^^ ^'"^J-

li extirpation be fate, the hmwfj will be by
t^L-HUal mtdicines, orefcar^tlcks. Wijenun's Surg.

1 pri'pofcd eradicating by efcaroticks, and began
with a ciiufiUk ftone. ' Wtjtman's Surgery.

Air too hot, cold, and moilt, abounding per-
haps with cauflick, allringcnt, and coagulating par-
ticles. Arbathmt.

Ca'ustick. H.f. A burning application.

It was atendernefs to mankind, that introduced
corroAves and caufiUh, which are indeed but arti-
6cial fires. Tcmflt.

The piercing ciiuftUktf\y their fpiteful pow'r,
Eir.tiicks ranch, and keen catharticks fcour.

Cartb.
.CA'UTEL. n.f. [cautela. Lat.] Caution;
fcruplq : a word difyfed.

Perhaps he loves you now;
And now no foil of c»uttl dothbcfmirch
The virtue of his will. Shaktjfeart.

Ca'utei.ous. aJj. [cauteJeux, Fr.]

,j. Cautious; wary; provident. Notinufe.

Palkidio doth wiOi, like a cautihut artifan, that

the inward walls mightbear fomc good Ihare in the

burden. , Ifiiton.

.>>. Wily ; cunning ; • treacherous.

Of thcmfclves, for the mod part, they are fo

cauteious and wily headed, efpecially being men of

fo fmall experience and practice in law matters,

- that you would wonder whence they borrow fuch

fubtilties and fly (hifts. Sfetiftr on Irthnd.

Your fon
Will or exceed the common, or be caught
With cauttLiui baits and pradlicc. Shahffeart.
Ca'utelpuslv. ad'v. [from caute/ous.]
I. Cunningly; flily ; treacheroufly. Not
in ufe. /

All pretorian courts, if any of tjie parties be laid
afleep, under pretence of a retirement, and the
other party doth caut^hujly get the ftart and ad-
vantage ; yet they will fet back all things in Jiatu
j!>o prius, Bai^n^s War witb Spain,

a. Cautiou/Iy ; warily.

The Jews, not refolved of the fciatica fide of
Jacobi do caurelnjly, in their diet, abftain' from
both. Brmvn.

t'CAUTFRizA'TlON. »./. [froox Cauterize.]
The aft of burning flslh with hot irons,
or caulUc medicaments.

Tb«y require, after caulerixatitui, no fuch ban-
dage, as that thereby you need to fear interception
of the fpirits. fVijman.

Ta Ca'uterize. -v. a. [cauttri/er, Fr.] To
burn with the cautery.

For each true word a blifler, and each falfe
Be eavtrrixaig to the root o* th' tongue,
Cnnfumin^it wijh fpeaking.., Shahrfftarc.

No m.uvcl though cantharides have fuch a cor-

rofive and cautcrtxing<^ui\\x^ \ for there is not one

ether of the infeUa, but is brad of a d-Jler matter.

Bacm't Ntlurai llifliy.

' CAW

The defign of the cautery is to prewnt the canal
from doting ; but the operators confefs, that, in
perfons CMtcrisud, the tears trickle down ever
afVer. Sharp' t Surgtry,

CA'UTERY. n.f. \yjx'^, uro.)

Cautery is either adual or potential; the firft is
burning by a hot iron, and the latter with caufiick
medicines. The a6ti|>l eauiery is gonerally ulVd
to ftcp mortification, by burning the dead parts to
the quick; or to flop the cflufion of blood, by
fearing up the vcflels. ^erngf.

In heat of fight it will be necefTary to have your
aAual cauttry always ready ; for that will fecure
the bleeding arteries in a moment, ffifeiran'i Surg,

CA'UTION.»./. [caution, Fr. cautio, Lat.]

1 . Prudence, as it refpefts danger ; fore-
fight ; provident care ; warinefsagainll
evil.

2. Security for.

Such canditions, and cauiiom of the condition,
as might ail'ure with aj much aiTurance as worldl)
matters bear. Sidmy.

The Cedar, upon this new acqueft, gave him
part of Baccharia for cauihx for his difburfcments.

Hcm,l.

The parliament would yet give his majefty fuf-
ficient caution that the war fliould be profecutcd.

Clarer.cicn.

He that objefis any crime, ought to give cauti-.n,
by the means of furetics, that he will perfevcre in
the prolecution of fuch crimes, jiylifft't Partrg^r..

3. Provifion or fecurity againil.

In defplle of all the rules and c^afiMj of govern-
ment, the moll dangerous and mortal of vices will
come off. L*£Jlrange.

4. ProvJfionary precept.

Attention to tlie forcmcntioned fymptoms af-
fords the belt caulitms and rules of diet, by way of
preventiois, Arhutbnot.

5. Warning.

ToCa'ution. t. a. [from the noun.]
To warn ; to give notice of a danger.

How ihall our thought avoid the various fnare?
Or wiTdom to our eaution'd foul declare
The dlffrent fliapes thou picafell to employ,
When bent to hurt, and certain to delhoy ? Prinr,

You cauiion'd me againli their charms.
But never gave me equal arms. Swift.

Ca'u t I o n a r y . adj. [from citutien.'] Given
as i pledge, or in fecurity. ^

I am maue the cautionary pledge.
The gage and hoftage of your keeping it. Souiherne.

Is there no fecurity for the ifland of Brita'.j ^
Has the enemy no cautionary tnwns and fea-ports
to give us for fccuring trade ? Sivlft.

Ca'utious. adj. [from eauttu, Lat.]
Wary ; watchful. \

Bo cautious of him ; for he is fometimes an in-
conllant {over, becaufe be hath a great advantage.

Siviff.

Ca'utiously. ad<v. [from cautious.] In
an attentive, wary manner ; warily.

They know how fickle common lovers are :
Their oaths and vows arc cauiitiujly bcliev'd ;
For few there are but have been once deceiv'd.

Dryden.

Ca'utiousness. n.f. [from cautieui.]
.Watchfulnefs ; vigilance ; clrcurafpec-
tion ; provident care ; prudence with
refpeft to danger.

1 could not but approve their generous con-
ilancy and cautKuJnrji. ^'ng CbarUi.

We Qiould always aft with jreat ruiiri'/v/nr/i an.i
circumfpedlion, in points where it is uot impollible
that we may be deceived. jiddi'sn.

To Caw. v. n. [taken from the found.]
To cry as the rook, taven, or crow.

RuHet-pated choughs, many in fort, *
Riling and ca^uing at the gun's report. Sbaktfp,
A waUc of aged elms, fo very highj that the

C E D

rooks and crows upon the topi ittm to be tatviif
in another region. jtdjijen.

The r Mk, who high amid the boughs.
In early fpringj-hij airy city builds.
And ceafelefs caxut. Ibomjor's Spring.

To CEASE, ai.ti. [cefer, Fr. ceji. Lat. J

1. To leave off; to ftop; to give over ; to
defift : withyVow before a noun.

Th»lives of all, who cenje/rom combat, fpare ;
My brother's be your nwft peculiar care. Dryicr,

2. To fail ; to be cxtinfl ; to pafs awfcy.

The poor man ftiall never ceaje oat of the land.
Deuteroremy..
The foul being removed, the faculties and ope-
rations of life, fenfe, and intelledion, ceafe from
tl»t nolei corptrtt, and are no longer in it.

Balit Origin of Mankind'

3. To be at an end.

But now the wonder ceafesy fince I fee
She kept them only, Tityrus, for thee. Diydcitt

4. To reft.

The roinifters of Chrift hare ctafed from their
labours. Spratt.

7b Cease, v. a. To put a flop to; to

put an end to.

Importune him for monies : be not ccas'i
With flight denial. Sbaktfpttrt.

You may fuoncr, by imagination, quicken or
flack a motion, than raife or ceajc it ; as it is eaficr
to make a dog go ilower, than to make him ftand
ftill. Bacon's Natural Hiflory,

Ciafe then this impious rage. Alilton,

But he, her fears to ceafe.
Sent down the mecV-cyed peace. Milton,

The difcord is complete, nor can they ccaje
The dire debate, nor yet command the peace. Dryd.

Cease, k./. [from-tbe verb.] Extindion ;
failure : perhaps for ducafe.

The ceate of majcily
Dies not alone, but, like a gulph, withdraws
What's near it with it. Sbaktjpeari,

CtASiLtss. adj. [from cea/e.] Inceuant;
perpetual; continual; without paufe ;
without Hop ; without end.

My guilticis bloo;t muft qutnch the ceafcicj's fire.
On which my cndlcls tears were bootlcls Ipcnt.

Fairfax,
All thefe with ciafrhfs praife his works beho'.d.
Both day and night. Milton,

Like an oak
That ftands fecure, though all the winds employ
Their ccajtlrfs roar ; ard only (beds its leaves.
Or mall, which the revolving fpring reltores.

Pbilipi.

Ce'citv. h./, [aecitaSfLit.] Blindnefs ;
privation of fight.

They are not blind, nor yet diftinftly fee; there
is in them no cecityy yet more than a cecuticncy ;
they have fight enough todifcernthe light, though
not perhaps to diftinguifli cbjefls or coloui-s.

Brotvns Vulgar Errours,

Cecu'tiency. n.f. [cdtculie, Lat.] Ten-
dency to blindnefs ; cloudinefs of fight.
There is in them no cecity, yet more than ^
cccuticttcy. Broivn's Vulgar Errours,

CE'DAR. n.f. [cedrus, Lat.] A tree.

It is evergreen; the leaves are much narrower
than thofe of the pine tn*, and many of them pro-
duced out of one tubercle, refembling a painter's
pencil ; it hath male fimvers, or katkins, produced
at remote liirtanccs from the fiuiton the fame cee.
The fec.ls arc produced in large cones, fquam^'fc
and turbinated- The extenfion of the branches is
very regular in crdar trees; the ends of the ihoots
declining, and thereby flicwing their upper furface,
which is conftantly cloathed with green leaves, fo
regularly, as to appear at a difla ^ce like a green
carpet, and, in waving about, make an agreeable
profpcft. It is furpriling that this tree has not been
more cultivated in England ; for it would be a great
ornament to barren bleak mountains, evn in Scot-
land, where few other trees wouje gi«wj it being a
native of Mount Libanus, 'where the fnow con-
tinues

C E L

■iiflutj moft part of die year. M«uni3rel, in his
Travels, fays, he meafured ooe of the largeft cedan
en Mount Libanus, and found it to be twelve yards
fix inches in circumference, and found. At about
Ave or Ax yards from the ground, it was divided
Into iive limbs, each of which was equal to a great
tree. The wood .f this famous tree is accounted
proof againll the putrefaAion of animal bodies.
The faw-duft is thought to be one of the fecrets
ufed by the mountebanks, who pretend to have
the embalming myftery. This wood is aifo faid
to yield an oil, which is famous for preferving
books and writings ; and the wood is thought by
Bacon to continue above a thoufand years found.

MllUr. ■
I mull yield my body to the earth :
Thus yields the ctdar to the axe's edge,
Whofe arms gave flielter to the princely eagle;
Under whofe ftade the rampant lion flept ;
Whofe top branch overpeer'd Jove's fpreading tree.
And kept low ihruba from winter's pow'rful wind.

SbahEfpeare*
Ce'drine. «<^'. [ceJn'nus, Lzt.] Of or

belonging to the cedar tree.
To CEIL. V. a. \_cieio, Lat.] To overlay,

or cover, the inner roof of a building.

And the greater houfe he ctiitd with fir-tree,
which he over-laid with fine gold. i Ctronieks.

How will he, from his houfe ttiltd with cedar,
be content with his Saviour's lot, not to have
where to lay his head ? Dicay cfPicly.

Ce'iling. «./, [from «//.] The inner
roof.

Varniih makes ce'ilhp not only |]iiae,butlaft.

Bacui,
* And now the thicken'd iky

Like a dark cei/ing ftood ; down rufli'd the rain
Impetuous. Milti-Ti^i Pamd'tfe LoJ}.

So when the fun by day, or moon by night.
Strike on the poljih'd brafs their trembling light.
The glJtt'ring fpecies here and there divide.
And cad their dubious beams from fide to fide :
Now on the walls, now on the pavement play,
And to the ceiling flaih the glaring day. Drydcn.

Ce'landine. ». /. \chelidoneum, Lat.]
A plant.
The fwallows ufe alstid'au, the linneteuphragia.

M^re.
Cf'l-ATURE. n.f. [ca/atura, Lu.} The

art of engraving, or cutting in figures,
re CE'LEBRATE. t. a. [celeiro. Lit.]
1 . To praife ; to commend ; to give praiie
to ; to make famous.

T!ie fongs of Sion were pfalms and pieces of
yoetry, that adored or C4fiiraied the Supreme Being.

jiddi.on.

I would have him read over the ctfeirand wnrki

«f antiquity, which have ftood the teft of fo many

different ages. Mdifin.

3. To diftinguifh by folemn rites; toper-
form iblemnly.

He flew all them that were gone to cekbraie the
Cibbatb. iMaccatcei.

On thefeaft.dar, the father comcth forth, af^er
divine fcxdcc, into a large room, where tiie fcaft
is cihhrtttd. Bacon.

3. To mention in a fet or folemn manner,
whether of yay or forrow.

This paufe i>f pow'r 'tis Ircland'shour to mourn ;
While England ciltirjtri your fife return. Orydtn.
Celebra'tion. n.f. \ixOXR celebrate. '\
]. Solemn performance; folemn remem-
brance.

He laboured to drive forrow from her, and to
haften the cilttraii'jr. of tl)fir marri.igc, Sidney.

He (hall conccjl it.
While you arc willing it (hjtl come to note ;
What time we will our celtlralim keep.
According to my birih. tthakrfftart.

During the uUhraiim o( this holy facrament, you
jitund caineiliy to what it done by the prieft.

layhr.

Vol. I. ^

C E L

2. Praife; renown; memorial-^

No more (hall be added in this pll ce, his me-
mory deferving a particular celtbration , than thift
his learning, piety, and virtue, have Uec.n attained
by few. CMrcudov,

Some of the ancients may be thought fom.etimes
to have ufed a lefs number of letters, by the <i/t-
iratian of thofe who have added tn their alphabet.
Holder's Elemtnis cf Speirb.

Cele'brious. aJj. [cekber, Lat.] Fa-
mous ; renowned ; rioted. Not in ufe.

The Jews, Jcrufalem, and the Temple, having
been always lo celebrioui ; yet when, after their
captivities,. they wcte defpoiled of their glory, even
then the Afl'yrians, Greeks, and Ramans, ho-
noured with facrifices the Moft High God, whom
that nation worlhipped. Grrw,

Cele'briously. aef'v. [from cekbrious.l

In a famous manner.
Cele'briousn ess. n.f. [£rom celebriom.]

Renown ; fame.
Cele'brity. n.f. [«/fir;/fl/, Lat.] Pub-
lick and fplendid tranfadlion.

The manner of her receiving, and the cekhrity
of the marriage, were performed with great mag-
nificence. Bdcrjn.

Cele'riacic. n.f. A fpecies of parfley ;

it is alfo called turnep rooted celery. ■
Cble'rity. n.f. [ctleritas, Lat.] Swift-
nefs ; fpeed ; velocity.

We very well fee in them, who thus plead, a
wonderful cr/rn>y of difcourfc : for, perceiving at
the fitll but only fome caul'e of fufpicion, and
fcar left it fhould be evil, they are prefently, in
one and the felf-fame breath, refolved, that what
beginning fuever it had, there is no poflibility it
fliould be good, Hockei:

His former cullom and pradlice was ever full of
fotwardnefs and celerity to make bead againlt them.

£ac6n.

Thus, with imagin'd w!ng5, ourfwiftfcene flies,

In motion with no loTs celeriiy

Than that of thought. Sbakejfcare.

Three things concur to make a prrcuffion great ;

the bignefs, the denfity, and the celerity of the body

moved. Dighy.

Whatever encreafeth the denfity of the blood,

even without cncreafing its celerity, heats, becaufe

a denfer body is hotter than a rarer.

^rbutbrtot en Alimenti.
Ce'lery. ». /. A fpecies of parfley;

which fee.
CELE'STIAL. adj. [cclej}is, Lat.]
I. Heavenly; relating to the fuperiour
regions.

1 here flay, until the twelve ceUJIial figns
Have brought about their annual reckoning. Shak.

The ancients commonly applied ccltjlial t^cfcxi^-
tions of other climes to their own.

£r'.*wn i Vulgar Errours.

t. Heavenly ; relating lo the blcffed (late.

Play that f.id note
I nam'd my knell, whiG!l I fit meditating
On th:>t crljlial harmony I go to. ibahffeare,

3. Heavenly, with refpeft to excellence.

Canft th.j pretend defire, whom icaX infl.im'd
To worihip, and a powr ceiejliiil nam'd ? Drydcn.

Telemachus, his bloomy face
Glowing ctlijiial iwcet, with gi.dlik'; grice. Pcfe.

Cele'stial. a.f. [from the adj.] An
inhabitant of heaven.

Thus atfahic and mild the prince precedes.
And to the dome th' unknown celcflia! leads. Pope,

Cele'stially. adv. [from celejfiaj.] In

a h»avenly manner.
To Cr i.F.'sTiKY. "v.a. [from «/(/?/.!, Lat.]

To give fomcthiu^r of heavenly nature

to any thing. Not ufed.

We Ihuiild atfirm, that all things were in all
things, that heaven were but caith teiteiirified.

" C E Mr

and earth but heaven cehjiifed, or that each parf
above had influence upon its affinity below.

Brs^vn's Vulgar Erreurs*

Ce'LtACK. etc//. [xol^l<I, the belly.] Re-
lating to the lower belly.

The blood moving flowly tJ\rough the celiack
and mcfentciick arteries, produces complaints.

Arbuthnct cm AHwents,

Ce'libacy. ». /. [from Caleb iy Lat.]
Single life ; unmarried flate.

I can attribute their numbers to nothing but-
their frequent marriages; for they XouV on celibacy
ae an accurfed ft^ite, and generally are married be-
fore twenty. Sfeffutcr.

By teaching them how to carry themlclves in
their relations of hulbands and wives, parents and
children, they have, without queftion, adorned the
gofpel, glorified God, and benefited man, mucii
more than they could have done iij the de\outeft
and ftrifteft a/ii-jijffc A.'lcrbury.

Ce'libate. n.f. [ccelibatut, Lat.] Sin-
gle life.

The males obll^s themfelves. to celibate, an^
then multipLication is hindeied. Craun:.

CELL, n.f [cella, Lat.]
I. A fmall cavity or hollow place.

The brain contains ten thoufand ceiU ;
In each fome a^ive fancy dwells. Priar^

How bees for ever, thougli a monarch reign,
Their fep'rate celh and properties maintaia. Pope.

z. The cave or little habitation of a reli-
gious perfon.

BefideSv (he did intend confcflion
At Patrick's all this ev'n ; and there Ihe was not.

Ukakejpcaret

Then did religion in a lazy celt.
In empty, airy contemplations dwell. Dcnhnm..

3. A fmall and elofc apartment in a prifon.

4. Any fmall place of refidence ; a cot-
tage.

Mine eyes he clos'd, but open left the cell
Of fancy, my internal fight. Miltm's Par. Lifi,
For ever in this humble cell
Let thee and 1 together dwell. Prior*

In cottages and lowly celh
I True piety neglefted dwells j

Till call'd to hcav'n, its native feat,
Whcie the good man aloi.c is great. Sovrcrv*

5. Little bags or bladders, where fluids,
or matter of different forts, are lodged j
common both to animals and plants.

S^uincy.
Ce'llar. ». / [c'Ha, Lat.] A place
under ground, where ftores and liquors
are repofitcd.

If tlii? fellow had lived in the time of Cato,
he would, for his punifiiment, have been confined
to the bottom of a (ellar during his life,

PeaJiam 5» Drawing.

Cb'i.LaraCE. n.f. [from cellar.] The

part of the building which makes tn»

cellars.

Come on, you hear this fellow in the eellar.igr. .

Sbahip^'irU

A good afcent makes a houfe wholefome, auJ
gives opportunity for cellamge,

Mortimer's Ht^^andry,

Cb'llarist. n.f [«//ar/ar, Lat.] 'J'he

butler in a religious houfe. Diet.

Ce'llular. adj. [cel/uln, Ij.1t.] Confift-

ing of little cells or cavities.

The urine, infinuating itfelf amongft the neigh-
bouring mufcles, and cellular membranes, dcftroy- \
ed four. Sbarp's Sutf^fty.

C e'i.s I T u D E. »./. [ci'lfitiido, Lat.] Height.

CE'MENT. n.f. [cctmentim. Lat,]
1. The matter Ttiih which two bodies are
made to cuhcrt, as mortar or glue.

O 0 Your

. C E N

Your templM burned in their ttmnf^ itii your
Ti uchifcs confined into »n aogrt's bortk Sbak^.

There is a etmni cumi>oun<)eil n( Hour, whites
efe^t, an J Hones powdered) tb« becumcth hard
av inarbir. •»<'"''•

■ Yr,u IT.1) fee di«rs pebbies, and a cruft of ctwtni
•r n^ne between them, a« hard a< the pebbles
thcmfelves. B«««.

Thi- founditioft was ma^e of rough ftonc.jyintii
togetlisr with • mod firm efmeni; ^pon this w-ai
U\A another layer, confiiling of fmall ftones aiil ]
t,mat. Arhathniit m Ci'r.i^y

z. Bond of union in fnendlhip. j

l-Tt not the peace of Tirtue, which is fee j

lietwixt us as the cmmt of our love,
'r» keep it builded, be the ram to batter. Shal.

What etMent Oiould unite* heaven and earth,
Bght and darknefs f GlanvilU-

Look over the whote ereatieniandyou fliall lee,
that the band or <tir.erl, thatholdj together all the
parts of ibis great and glorious fabrick, is gratitude.

Sottlb.

to Ceme'nt. "v. a. [from the noun.) To
unite by raeans of ibmethinginterpofed.

But how the fear of as
May crment their di»ifions, and bind up
The petty difference, wc yet not know. Shakef(>>

Liquid bodies have nocliing to lemni them ; they
ate all ' loofc and incoherent, and lii a perpetual
flax : even »n heap of fand, or fine powdery will
fulTcr no hoUownefs within them, though they be
dry fuliftances. Burnet's Ttecry of the Earth.

Love with wh'.te lead amfis his wings ;
White lead was fent us to repair

Two brigfateft, brittleft, earthly things.
Amity's fwe, and china ware. S'zvift.

To Ceme'nt. -v. n. To come into con-
junSion ;. to cohere.

■ Whin a wound ii itccnt, and the parts sf .it
are divided by a (harp inftriiment, they will, if
held inclefe contact for f^me tjnie, reurite by in.-
ofculacion, and tttmnz like one brartch of a tree
iiigrlftedon another. Sharp's Surgery.

Ceme'nteh. «./. [from cement .'\ A per-
fun oj thing that unites in fociety.

G:>d having dcfignco man for a fociable crea-
ture, furnifljed him with language, which was to
be the great instrument and ctmcr.itr of fociety.

Locke.

CeMENtA'Tid».«./. [from «««/,] The

: !i& of cementing, or uniting with ce-
ment.

Ce'metery. It./. [voijM.tilijfior.] A place
where th« dead are r^pofited.

Ihe fouls of the dead appear frequently in «-
r)<leria,tnA hover about t1\e places where their
bodies are buried, as ftill ha:ikeriing about their
old brutal plcafures, and defiring again to enter the

. bod). jlddiftm.

C E N , and C I N , denote kinsfdk : fo Cinulph
is a help to his kindred; Cittthehn, a
■prottftor of his kinsfolk ; Cinburg, the

• defence of his kindred ; Cinric, power-
ful in kindred. Gih/on.

Ce'natory. ntij. [from ctno, to fup,
' Lat.] Relating to fupper.

The Romans wafhed, were anointed, and wore
a unai-rj garment ; and the fime was praUifed by
them. £rvwn't yuigjr Erreun,

Ceuobi'ticai.. at/J. [xoo^ and ^iO-.j
Living in community.

They ha-.e mtiltituJi's of religious orders, black
and grey, ccmitical and cinU'Wual, and nuns.

Siiinnifietl.

Ce'kotaph. n /. [«('><&- and T<(^®<.] A
monument for one buried elfewhcre,

Pri.im, to whom the ftory was unknown,
As dca'l deplor'd his mrtaroorphos'd fon j
A iifiotafh hia name and title kept.
And He£tor round cbc tomb with all hit brothers
WcpU PrjJm's Feblts.

C E N

'I'he fi uhenlana, when they loft any men at fca,
railed a tenMtfb, at empty monument.

Nua en ihi OJyp}.

Cense . „.f. [eenjut, Lat.] Poblick rate.

^ e fee what floods of trcafure have flmvcd into

Eu/npe by that action; fo that the coj/e, or rates

oj Chrillendoni, are raifed Cnce ten times, )e«

twenty times told. Bit't-r.

To CiitiSt. 'V. a. ItHceit/er, Ft.] Toper-

ifume with odours : contracted from in-
ce»t/e-
The Salii (ing, and cerfe his altars round
With Saban fmoke, their heads with p.-.plar bonnJ.

Dr}iU.n,
Gtineus was near, and call a furious loniv
On the CJe altar, ««'</ witli factcd fmoke,
And bright with ftaming fires. DryJir.

Ce'nser, »./. [encenfoir, Fr.]

1. The pan or veflel in which inceafe is
burned.

Antoninus gave Piety, in hia money, like a
lady wfth a cenfer before an altar.

Ptaiham tn Dratv'wg.
Of incenfe clouds ,
Fuming from golden cenfen, hid the mount. MUt.

2, A pan in which any thing ia burned ;
fire-pan.

Here 's fnip, and nip, and cut, and flifli, and
llulb.
Like to a cenfer in a barber's (hop. Shakiffeare.

Ce'nsion. «./. [«»/?», Lat.] Aratc, an
aflcflinent.

God intended this cenfim only for the blefTed
Virgin and her fon, that Chtift might be boru
where helhould. J'S't^ ^''''''•

Ce'nsor. n,f, \ceitfor, Lat.]

1 . An officer of Rome, who had the power
of correcting manners.

2. One who is given to cenfure and ex-
probation.

Ill-natur'd cenfon of thtf prefcnt age,
And fond of all ti»c follies of the paft. Rofccmrrcr.

The moft levere ctnjor cannot but be pleafed
with the prodigality of his wit, though, at the
fame time, he could have wilhcd, that the mafler
of it had been a better manager. Drydef,

• CENSo'RiAN.iJd)'. [itom ceiifir,] Relating
to the cenfor.

As the chancery had the prctorian power for

equity, fo the ftarchamber had the cenfor'tan power

for oftcnces under the degree of capital. £act«,

CENSo'Rtovs. ttdj. [from cen/or.1

I . Addifted to cenfure ; fevere ; full of

inveftives.

Do not too many believe no relii;ion to be puirc,
but what is intcmperately rigid ? no zeal fo be Ipi-
ritual, but what n cerfor'ums, or vindicative? Sfratt.

O let thy prefencc make my travels light !
And potent Venus (hall exalt my name
Above the i umours bi ctnfrhui famew Prior,

3. Sometimes it has j/" before theobjefljof
reproach.

A dogmatical fpirit inclines a man to be cenf'>-
ri'/vi cfhU neighbours. IFatli on the Mind.

3. Cometimes on.

He treated ail his inferiours of the clergy with
a ro'-fl fanitifiea pride j was rigoroufly and univer-
fally ctnforieas^ uJkh all bis brethren ol the gown.

Stvift.

Censo'riously. adv. \ttom cenfortciis.l

In a fevere rcflefting manner.
Ce N So'r iou s NESS. «./. [itotfi cert/orkui.]
Difpofition to reproach j hXbit of re-
proaching. ,

Sournefs of difpo&tion, and rudenct^ of beha-
viour, frii/«-wtf/7i^fi and hsuXtT interpre'tation ot
things, all crufs and diiiafteful humours, render the
converfaiion of men grievous and uneafy to one
anoUicii 'fiUotfon,

C E N

Ce'nsorship. «./ [from «/j/Jr.J

I. The office of a cenfor.

z. The tim» in which the office of cenfor

is born.
It was brought to Rotne In the cenfuffip of

Claudius. Br^toti'iValgar Etraun.

Ce'nsorable. «/^'. [from«»/arf.] Wor-
thy of cenfure ; blameable ; culpable.

A fmall milUke may leave upaa the mind the
lading memory of having been taunted for foroc.
thinj ctrfurabU. L^icke,

Ce'nsu iiABLENESs. M, f, ifrom cettjum-
ile.] Blameablenefs ; fitnefs to be cen-
furcd.

CE'NSURE. *./ [een/ura, LAtin.l

1. Blame; reprimand; reproach.

Enough for half the grcatell of thefc days
To 'icipe my ccr/an, not expeit ny praile. Ps/se.-

2. Judgment; opinion.

Maaam, andjrou, my filler, will you go
To give your cinfura in this weighty bufinefs ?

, Sbaiifp.artm

3. Judicial ientence.

To you, lord governour.
Remains the eenfurt of this hellifh villain. Shjk.

/}.. A fpiritual punifhment inflifted by fome

ecclefiaftical judge. Ayliffe's Parergon.

Upon the unfucccfsfulnefs of milder meaica-

meiits, ufc that ftronger phyfick, the cirfunt of

the church. Hammonds

To Ce'nsure. v. a. [een/urer, Fr.]

1 . To blame ; to brand publickly.

The like cerfur'mgt and defpifings have embii»
tereJ the fpirit;i, aua whetted both the<ongues and
pens qf learned men one agalnft inoi\\tr,Sanderf'.n*

2. To condemn by a judicial fentence.
Ce'nsurer,. »./ [from c-en/ure.] He that

blames ; he that reproaches.

We muft not ftint
Our neceflary aSions, in the fear
To cope malicious cenfarers. Sbak. Hetiry VIII.
A ftatefman, who is pofleftof real merit, Ihould
look upon his political ccnfurirs with the fame
neglefl that a good writer regards his criticks.

AtUifoftt
Cent. »./ [f^«/»»», Lat. a hundred.] A
hundred ; as, five per cent, that is, five
in the hundred.
Ce'nxaur. »./. [«i»^tfari(/, Lat.]
I . A poetical being, fuppofed to be com-
pounded of a man and a horfe.

Down from the waift they are centtiun, though

women all above. Sbakefpeart.

The idea of a centaur has no more falfchood in

, it than the name ctntjur. L.cie,

12. The archer in the zodiack.

The chcarlefs empire of the (ky
To Capricorn the Ctntaur archer v icldl. Tior/c*.
Cb'ntaury, greater and le/t. [centauri'
um.] Two plants.

Add pounded galls, and rofes dry.
And with Cecropian ihyme fttong Icented etmaury,

Ce'ntbnary. n. /. [i«j/fn/irm, Lat.]
The number of a hundred.

In every cetiicr.ary of years from the creation,
fome fmall abatement ihoold have been made.

Hakrtvi// on Providence^

Cente'simal. n. /. [^centfjtmus, Lat.]
Hundredth ; the next Itep of progreffioa
after decimal in the arithmctickof frac-
tions.

The negleft of a few centifmali in the fide of
the cube, would bring it to an equality with the
cube of a foot. Arhuthnot on Coins.

Centifo'lious. (it/J. [from centum and

folium, Lat.] Having an hundred leaves.

Ce'ntipeds.

C E N

Cb'ntipidi. n.f. [from «»/4« and /«.]
A poifonous infeft in the Weft Indies,
commonly called by the Englilh forty
legs. o J J

CE-NTO. n.f. ^-mtc, Lat.] A compofi-
tion formed by joining fcraps from other
authors.

It is quilted, as it were, out of ftreds of divers
poets, fuch as fcholars call a cento. Umden\ Rem.

If any man think the poem a cento, our poet
will but have done the fame in jell which Boileau
d^d in eameih Adwtifcmenl to Pope'i Dunctad.

Central, adj. \i'!oxa. centre.\ Relating
to the centre; containing the centre;
placed in the centre, or middle.

There Mi now, and was then, a fpace or cavihr in
the ««r<,/ parts of it; fo large as to gire reception
to that mighty roafs of water.

TT L • I , - ff^vid-warifi Natural Hiftorv.

Umbriel, a Aa!ky melancholy fprite,
DovTO to the central eartA, his proper fcene.
Repairs. p^,., j,^^^ ^j- ^^. ^^^^_

tE NTRALLy. adv. [from centralA With
regard to the centre.

Though one of the feet molt commonly bears
tie weight, ,et the whole weight reils clmralh
upon It. n J

CE,7^TRE. n.f. [centrum:, Lat.] The Sid":
die ; that whicli is equally diliant from
all extremities.
The heav-ns themfelra, the planets, and this

Centrff
Obferve degree, priority, and place, Shahhcare.

fir. T ^""^ " '""'«' "'' * «"'"' body'all of
:,f (f *■ * proceeding from it would diffnfe
«felf everyway; fo th.t the faurce, ferving ?o
the rw.'r, there, wculd b. round about an hu^^e
fphe« 01 fite and light „.^i,. „ BoZ.

ToQz NTRE. V. a. [from the noun.]
I. lo place on a centre; to fcc as on a
centre.

n J?"! IV^ \ """'"^' '"'' '•>« otl^f turfl.y 1

*";ndthroa|h the vaft profundity obfcure; JW//.

2. To colleft to a poiqt. ■ '

By thy each look, and though^ and eare. 'tis
inown, '

Thy joys are rarnrrf ail in me alone- /.„v

He may take a range all the world o»er, and

'Tvl^e"' nd^' *"^ "^ 'nd circ„„,feren« oft
and vice, and centre it in his own breaft. S^th

O imyudcnt, regardful r.i thy own.
Whole thoughts are «r/r,</ on thyfelf alone! Dr^d
T« Centre, nj, n. ■'

I. To reft on; to repofe on; as bodies
when they gan an equilibrium.

Where there Is no vlfiUe tnith wherein to centre
-. T" L 1 1 . . Decay <,f Piett,

2. To be placed m tie midft or centre.

As Cod in hsav'n
Is centre, yet exrenda to all ; f„ thcu,
^^"Y . ««i V -ft tVom ali thofe orbs. Mi/ton.

3- To be colleaed to a point.

What hopes you had in Uiomede, lay down:
Our hope, muft centre on ourfelves alone. Or/den.
u,;il^l"T'"' '"!'™"''-<'8ment3 of the body

to aim at the common benefit. jiircriuJ

It wa, attert.c, by the viiible centring of ali t^^

old prophecies in the perfon of Chriil.^and by tL

C£ NTRicK.*^. [from««r^.] Placed In
the centre.

Some, tha' have d^ejer digg'd in mine than I,
Say where hi, c.r.tr,ck happi„,f, doth ^e. D,r„^

CENTRiru CAL. y^. [from ..„/.,„, ami
>1/^, Lat.] Having the quality acquired
byb<xlies ,„ motion, of receding from
the centre. ^

C E R

TJwy defcribei an hyperbola, by chaniiine the
centripetal into ^ ce.trijilal force. ^ ?c?J.;

:i"V^Vi.' "'^J- tfroH' -""•«« and
peto, i,at.J Having a tendency to the
centre ; having gravity.

The direaio;n of the force, whereby the planets
rerolve i„ thoir orbits, is towards their centifs

tive, in reff.ea of the central b.My : and eentrwc
tal, in relp.a of the re^oIving body.' CtZe.

V-E NTRY.I

Se'ntry. J ^^^ Sentinel.

To Centu'plicate. -v. a. [antupUca.
turn ofce^ttm andflico, Lat.] To make
8 hundred fold ; to repeat a hundred
times. ■ jj.

^"CEKTti-RrA'TE. ^.a [«../i);;;, La't.j
1 o divide into hundreds. '

CENTUR.A-TOR.^.y: [from ««/««..] A
,R^e given to hiftorians. who. diltin-
gujla times by centuries ; which is ^e-
PeraJy the method o/ ecclefurtical hif-
tory.

thTl(^'^'"'TT "* Magdebur? vrere the firft
that difcayered th,i grand iaipofture.

«-r" "'"r?- ''•^- [^'«"-^'^> Latin. l^i^
military officer among the Romans, who
commanded an hundred men.

one""Th" "•"". «="*?' f^y yo" ?-A moft royal
wn. 7- """"'"". -'"d their charges, dif}inaiv
billeted m the entertainment, and to be' on Ztl
an hour s warning. VA,A,,k

A 1^ , '^; '--^ [--^"/"r/^, Lat]
,1., A hundred: ufually employer to^ fpe-
city time ; as. the fecond ctmury.

our iovs"aft/ °/ """"^ '' f"'*"' "'^«' *»»8^
our joys, after fome teniuria of years, may feem

to have grown older by having been enjoyed fo
n«i»y age,, yet will the/real,y ftln contlnui new.

- Mrt"l ."T;'"'^'' *h!KrVerie.' j, h.p^i *^'''*
m,ch ,n foft„«„,i,ftal| fmoothlyrun Z)rj,^,„.

bilhof often ended 1„ the martyr. ^MLfi„,

'..hj fometimes nfed fiinply for ahun-

Romulus. as you may read, did divide the R„.
Cre'dt ''''■"' '"'''''^^'^« -'---- -

When with wood leaves and weeds I 'vetr'ew'j
nis grave.
And on it fald a century of pray'rs,
Such as 1 can,_nvice oVr/m weep and H.h. S/.k.

u-'l r '.".""' '" t''^ "am" of men,
thofe that the Saxons landed in. GiU^„
he7d:cL^"" "-^ [«^^«X«M«.] T^e

^h !!,t^^^''^• '"'y-j"^-'''"-! That whifh

IS medicinal to the head.

blJjf'r''"* ""^"'''f"- »■•'■• all fuch as attenuate the
blood, fo «, to make It circulate eaiily throueli
tlie capillary velfel. of the brain. * ^

inarS15'b"f?mr"' '"'"'"-"'' '"^^"'^''^-^
, Jiwing horns , or fuppofed to hav^e ihem.

Scoipi.n, a„d ^Sf. af,.l ampl.iikena dire;
^ C-„..//,ih.rnd,hyj,u,,,„a flops drear. MUion.

C E R

Ce'rate. tt./. [cer», Lat. wax.] A me.
dicne made of wax, which, with oil, or
feme Oder fubftance, makes a confif,
tence lofter than a plafter. ^,

t-E RATED. ««^. [cer^tus. Lat.] Waxed;
covered with wax.

nCERE. <:;.«. [from ..r^. Lat. wax.]'
X o wax. -■

ftrong brown thread cered, about half an inch roiu
^ the edges 01 tuchps. _ ^^j^^J^

>>-£ REBEL, a./ [cerebellum, Lat.] Part of
the brain.

In the head of man, the bafc of (4,e brain a„J

Worn"' ' '''""' '"' *"" P"""'^' "> "•'■

Ce^rhcloth. ,,./. [(vom cere Mi^cll'tTA

Uoth fmeared oyer with glutinous mat--

ter, uled to wounds and bruiles.

_ The ancient Ejjyptian mumm'ies were ftixjuded
ma number of f„)d, of U„en, befmeafed wi h
gnms, m manner of cerecloth. Bacon

"^ rM *I"-Y- "--^ f^'°'" "'"' r-«. wax.]
Cloths dipped in melted wax, with
which dead bodies were iiifolded'whea
they were embalmed.

Let me not burft in ignorance, but tell
Why canoniied bones, hc^rfea in eavtb,
Wayeburft their c«-«:.„r,? Siukeffecre.

CERtMONiAL. adj. [from ceretttoty.l
I. Kelating to ceremony, or outward rite:
• riuial. '

What mockeryiwin it be, y

To wantthefaridcgioom, when the prieU'attends
i o fpeak the cercnor.iai rites of ma. riage ! Sh<,k.
^ We are to carry it from the hand to the hearr.
; to improve a ccentcnM nicety into a fubltantial
duty, and the modes of civility into the rcaiities
01 religion. ., ,

I Mirilf did take away that external ce.-en,oMal
worftip that was among the Jews. Stillwgfleei.

2. Formal ; obfervant of old forms.

Oh monftrous, fuperftitious puritan.
Of rcfin'd manners, yet ceremonial man,
IhatAvhen thou meet'ft one, with enquiringeyes
Doft fearch an like a needy broker, prize ^
1 he filk and gold he wears. /j^^,,.

With du.mb pride, and a fet formal lace.
H|; moves in the duir„rw™W track, ,
With Jove's embroider-d coat upon his back. .

'Ceremo'kial. »./ [irom cerejmy.f"'

rite

pre-

• Optward form ; ' external
fcriptive formality.

(JiT T'^' '^'""'"''"' 'hat could make it prudent
for the clergy to alter the ceremonial, or any indif-
ferent part, would> a refoiution in the legilla-
, ture to, prevent new fcas. Vw/Y/

2. The order for rites and forms iA the

Komilh church.
Ceremo'nialness. n.f. [from r^r«w«-
»/a/.J I he quality of being ceremonial :
, over^much ufe of ceremony
;CEREMo;Niot;s. adj. [from cerm,„j.-]
I. conUiUng of outward rites,

Ur.dcr a diifcrent a-conomy of religion, God was
; mo« tender of the iheli and ,crenmku4 part of hi,

h. Full of ceremony; awfuL

O, the facriiice,
Hnw cenm.niou!, folemn, and unearthly
It was i' th" oftcrine' ct i n.

A.... • ""-""6 ibaktjpearf,

j. Attenuve to outward rites, or prefcrio-
tive formalities. '^

You are too lenfelcfs obftinatc, my lord :
1 o>, crcmoxiou, and traditional. Shckefpeare.

4. Cml ; according to the ftridl rules.«f
^ civility ; fcrnially refpcftfui.

O O 2 -1 liey

<: E R

They have i f«t of cirtatnkyt phr»res, that run
through all ranks and degrees amoni: them.

MJi/n'i Guardien.

5. Obfervant of the rules of civility.

Then let us take a ccrnKomoui leave.
And loving fjirwcl, of our feviial friends. Sbatejf.

6. Civil and formal to a fault.

The old caitiff was grown fo ctrcir.omaut, as he
would needs accompany me fomc mile, in my way.

Sidney.

Ceremo'niously. aJv. [from ceremoni-
eus.] In a ceremonious manner ; for-
mally ; refpeftfully.

CtrottoxKujIy let us prepare
Some welcome for the miftrefs of the houfe.

Si»ihf{>are.

Csremo'niousness. «./ [frota cerema-
niout.] Addiftednefs to ceremony ; the
ufe of too much ceremony.
CE'REMONY. «. / [ctremonia. Lit.]
J. Outward rite; external form in reli-
gion.

Bring her up to the high altar, that flie may
The facrcd ceremmies partake. , Spatfer,

H« is fuperftitious grown of latBj
Quite from the main opinion he held once
Of faoufy, of dreams, and ciranon'uu Shaktff.

Difrobe the images.
If you find them deck'd with ctrtmonj, Sbahff.

z. Formi of civility.

The faucc to meat is cercmcry ;

Meeting were bare without it. Shakcjfegrt.

Not to ufc ctrevicmes at all, is to teach others

not to ufe them again, and fo dimioUh refpeft to

himfelf. ' Baccn.

3. Outward forms of ftate.

What art thou, thou idle certmony f
What kind of god art tho«, that fuffer'ft more
Of mortal grief, than do thy worfliippers ?
Art thou aught dfe but place, degree, and form ?

Sbtikifptarc.
A coarfer place,
Where pomp and cerem^hUt cntcr''d not,
Where greatnefs was ihut out, and highnefs WfU
forgot. DryJenU FakUi.

Ce'rote. n. /. The fame with cerate;
which fee.

In thofe which arc critical, a cerele of oil of
olives, with white wax, hath hitherto ferved my
purpofe. fyijrm^n.

CE'RTAIN. adj. [certus, Lai.]

1. Sure; indubitable; unqueftionable ;
undoubted ; that which cannot be quef-
tioned, or denied.

Thofe things are cerimr, among men, which can-
not be denied without obftinacy and folly. Tilkifin.

This the mind is equally ctrtain of, whether
thefe ideas be more or lefs general. Lxke.

2. RefoJved ; determined.

However I with thee have fix'd my lot,
Certain to undergo like doom of death,
Conlort with thee. Milton's faraiijc Ltfi.

3. Undoubting ; put pad doubt.

This form before Alcyone prcfcnr,
To mike her ecrta'm of the fad event. DtyJiv.

4. Unfailing ; which always produces the
cxpeftcd effeft.

1 have often wiihed that I knev» as tena:» a re-
medy for any other diftemper. Mtud.

5 . Conftant ; never failing to be ; not ca-
fual.

Virtue, that direfts our ways
Through certain dangers to uncertain prdife. Dryd.

6. Regular; fettled; ftatcd.

You (hall gather a errtatn rate. Extdus.

Who calls the council, dates a etrlain d:iy.
Who forms the phalanx, and who points the way >

The preparation for your fuppct flicw* your cir-
tain hours. C«fr5«.

C E R

~. In tin indefinite fenfe, fbme ; as, a eer.
tain, man told me this.

H«w bad foever this fa/hion may juftly be ac-
counted, terttin of the fame countrymen do pais
far heyon3 it. Care^u^i Surety.

Some certain of your brethren roar'd, and ran
From noife of our own drums. Sbahjptare.

Let there be tertain leather bags made of fevcral
bignelTcs, which, for the matter o{ them, (hould
be tradable. mikim.

Ce'rtainly. «</i;. [from «r/a/«.]

1. Indubitably; without queftlon ; with-
out doubt.

Certainly he that, by thofe legal means, canoo!
be fecured, can be much lels fo by an)' private at-
tempt. Decty of Piety.

Whatprecife collcdion of fimple ideas rnodefty
or frugality ftand for, in anuthcr's ufe, is not fo
certainly known. Ltckt.

2. Without fail.
Ch'rtainness. tt.f. [from etriain.] The

fame with certainty,
Ce'RTAiNTy. tt.f. [from certaJa.l

1 . Exemption from doubt.

Cirtainty is the perception of the agreement or
difagreement of our ideas. Locke.

2. Exemption from failure; as the certainty
of an event, or of a remedy.

3. That which is real and fixed.

Doubting things go ill, often hurts more
Than to be fure tliey do ; for ccrtainiiei
Or are pad remedies, or timely knowing,
The remedy then born. Sbakejpeare.

4,. Regularity ; fettled ftate.
Ce'rtes. ad'v, \_certes, Fr.] Certainly;
in truth ; in footh : an old word.
Certes, Sir Knight, you've been too much to
blame.
Thus for to blot the honour of the dead,
And with foul cowardice his carcafe fliame,
Whofe living hands immortaliz'd his name, S/eaf.
for, c/rteSf thefe are people o{ the iiland.

Sbakefpearc.
Ccrlis, our authors are to blame. Hudihra!.

Certi'ficate. n.f. [certificat, low Lat.
he certifies.]

1. A writing made in any court, to give
notice to another court of any thing
done therein. Ctnucll.

2. Any tcftimony.

A certificate of poverty is as good as a protec-
tion. VEJimrge.

I can bring certificates that I behave myfelf fo-
berly before company. Addijm.

To Ce'rtify. -v. a. [certifier, Fr.]
I . To give certain information of.

The Englilh ambalTadours retume J out of Flan-
ders from Maximilian, and cer!\fi:d the king that
he was not t« hope for any aid from him. Bacon,

This is defigned to certify thofe things that are
confirmed of God's favoui. Httmmond'i Fundajn.

z. It has a/'bcfofe the thing told, after the
perfon told ; as, I certified you of the faft.

CERTIORA'RI. n. f. [Latin.] A writ
iflfuing out of the chancery, to call up
the records of a caufe therein depending,
that juftice may be done ; upon com-
plaint made by bill, that the party,
who fceks the faid writ, hath received
hard dealing in the faid court. CoiveU.

Ce'rtitude. H.f. [certitudo, Lat.] Cer-
tainty ; freedom from doubt ; infallibi-
lity of proof.
They thought at fiift they dream'd j for 'twas
offence
With them, to queftion certitude of fenfe. Dryden.
There can be no majus and mirtut in the cer-
titude we have of thing', whether by machemaiick

C E S

i)eii>enATttt«B| er any other tny of eenfequenet*
Grev't Cojnto/ogia SarrOf

Ce'rvical. euS- [tervicalis, Lat.] Be-
longing to the neck,

7'he aorta, bending a little upwards, lends fortk
the cervical and axillary arteries; the reft, turning
down again, forms the defcending trunk. Cbryne.

Cer u'lean. \adj, [cctruletu,h».X..'\ Blue j
Ceru'leous. J Iky-coloarcd.

It afforded a folution with now and then a light
touch of flcy colour, but nothing near fo high a>
the eerulecu: tjn^^ure of filver. Boyle^

From thee the faphire folid ether takes.
Its hue cerulean^ Thomfm't Summeri

Qtnv 1,1' t\CK.adj, [itomceruleous.'] Hav-
ing the power to produce a blue colour;

'I'lie feveral fpecies of rays, as the rubifick, eerw
lifek, and others, are fcparated one from another.

Gre^^

CERU'MEN, n.f. [Latin.] The wax or

excrement of the ear.
Ce'ruse. «./. [ceruffa, Lat.] White lead.

A preparation of lead with vinegar, which is of
a white colour; whence many other things, re-
fembling it in that particular, are by chymids
called ctrufe ; as the certije oi antimony, and the
like. Siuincy,

Cesa'rean. adj. [from Cafar.']

The Cejarean fe3iun is cutting a child out of
the womb, either dead or alive, when it cannot
otherwife be delivered. Which citcumdance, it
is faid, lird gate the name oi Ceefar to the Roman
family f» called. ^iney.

CESS, n /. [probably corrupted from ceit/ei
fee Cense ; though imagined by Junius
to be derived hom/aifire, to feize.]

1. A levy made upon the inhabitants of a
place, rated according to their property.

The like cefi is alfo charged upon the country '
fometimes for vidlualling the foldiers, when they
lie in garrifon. Spenjer^

2. The aft of laying rates.

3. [from ceffe, Fr.] It feeras to have been
ufed by Shakeffeare for bounds or limits,
though it ftand for rate, reckoning,

I pr'ythee, Tom, beat Cutts's faddle, put a few
flocks in the point ; the poor jade is wrung in the
withers out of all rWj. Siakejf, Henry IV.

Ta Cess. 1/. a, [from the noun.] To rate ;
to lay charge on.

We are to confider how much bnd there is in
all Uider, that, according to the quantity thereof,
we may cefs the faid rent, and allowance iffuing
thereout. Spenjer on Ireland*

7e Cess. 1/. a. To omit a legal duty. See

Cessor.
Cessa'tion. n.f. [ceffatie, Lat.]
I. A ftop; a reft.

The day was yearly obferveJ for a feftival, by
ttlfation from labour, and by reforting to church.

JiajviarJr

True piety, without cejpiiiin tod

By theories, the praftick part is loft. Deabtmw

Vacation ; fufpenfion.

There had been a mighty confufion of things^

an interruption and perturbation of the ordinary

courfe, and a ceffatiun and fufpenfion of the lavft

of nature, Woedtvsrd'i Natural B'.ficry,

The rifing of a parliament is a kind of cejjatioii

from politicks. Addifin's Freebtliter,

End of adion ; the ftate of ceafing to
aft.

The ferum, which is mixed with an alkali, being
poured out to that which is mixed with an ucid,
raifoth an effervefcence 5 at the crfjatitn of which,
the fait:, of which the acid was c -mpifed, will be
regenerated. Arbutbr.at on Aiimentt*

, A paufe of hoftility, without peace,

Wlicn the tuccours of the poor pretcftants in
Irel.ind were diverted, I was intreated to get them
fome refpite, by a ceJTatim, King Cbarlis.

cEssj'nr.

C H A

CESSjfrir. ft./. [Latin,]

A writ that lies upoa this general jratind, that
the perfon, againft whom it is brought, hath, for
two )rears, omitted to perform fuch lervice, or pay
fuch rent, as he is obliged by his tenure ; and hath
not, upon bis land t tenement, lufficient goods
or chattels to be diftrained. Csw.-//.

Cessibi'litv. n. /. [from «</», cejitm,
Latin.] The quality of receding, or giv-
ing way, without refitlance.

It' the lubje^ drucken be of a proportionate

trjjihility, it feems to dull md deaden the flroke ;

whereas, if the thing ftrrcken be hard, the ftroke

icems to lofe no force, but to work a greater effc&,

Vigby on tke Soul,

Ce'ssible. a/i/, [from «</», cejfum, Lat.]
Eafy to give way.

If the parts of the ftrucken body be fo eafily

ctjjibie, as without difficulty the flroke can divide

them, then it enters into fuch a body, till it has

fpcnt its force. ^igby on the Soul,

Cb'ssion. n./, [ceffion. Ft, ce^o, La.t.]

1 . Retreat ; the aft of giving way.

Sound is not produced without fome reliftance,

either in the air or the body percuflied ; for if there

be a mere yielding, or ceffion, it produceth no found.

Bacon^s Natural Hijlory,

2, Refignation j the aft of yielding up or
quitting to another.

A parity in their council would make and fecure
the beft peace they can with France, by a cejion of
Flanders to that crown, in exchange for other pro-
vinces. Iimple,

Ct'itiovAKr. adj. [fromcejjicn.] As, a
eeJJSonary bankrupt, ene who has deliver-
ed up all his effefts. Martin.

Ce'ssment. b.j: [from r^.] An afleff-
ment or tax. DiS.

Ce'ssor. »./. [from ceffi, Lat.]

In law, he th.it ceafeth or negle£ieth fo long to
perform a duty belonging to him, as that by hii
cefs, or ceiTmg, he incurreth the danger of law,
and hath, or may have, the writ celTavit brought
againft him. Where it is faid the tenant ceffeth,
fuch phrale is to be underflood as if it were faid,
the tenant ceffeth to do that which he ought, or
is bound, to do by his land or tenement. Cnuell.

CrSTUS. n,/, [Latin.] The girdle of
Venus.

Venus, without any ornament but her own
beantiei, not fo much as her own cejlus,

jUdlfrM's Speffator,

Ceta'ceous. adj, [from cite, whales,
Lat.] Of the whale kind.

Such fifhes as have lungs or refplration are not
without the wczzon, as whales and tetaceoui ani-
mals. Brown'i Vulgar Ernurs,

He hath creatW variety of thefe cettcioui fifhes,
which converfe chiefly in the northern feas, whofe
whole body being cncompani:d round with a co-
pious fat or blubber, it is enabled to abide the grcat-
«ll cold of the fea-water. Ray on tbt Crcaikn.

C FAUT. A note in the fcale of mofick.

Gamut I am, the ground of all accord,
A re, to plead Hortenfio's paflioai

B mi Bianca, take him for thy lord,
Cfaut, that loves witii all affefti' n. Shaktfpurt.

CH has, in words purely Englifli, or fully
naturalized, the found of (^ ; a peculiar
pronunciation, which it is hard to de-
fcribe in words. In (bme words derived
from the French, it has the found of Jh,
as chai/e ; and, in fome derived from
the Greek, the found of li, as cielericL

Chace. See Chase.

Chad. n./. A fort of fifh.

Of round fiih th-re are brit, fprat, whiting.
tia,U e-ls. r, r.ga-, millet. Cjre-.u't Surv. o/Corniu.

Ta CHAfE. v. a. [ubaujer, Fr.J

C H A

I. To warm with rubbing.

They laid him upon foroe of their garment.?,
and fell to rub and chafe him, till they brought
him to recover both breath, the fervant, and
warmth, the companion of living. Sidney,

At laft, recovering heart, he does begin
To rub her temples, and to chafe her fliin.

Ftiiry S^een,

Soft, and morefoft, at ev'ry touch it grew ;
Like pliant wax, when chafing hands reduce
The former mafs to form, and frame to ufe. P>yd,
z. To heat by rage or hurry.

Have I not heard the fea, puft 'd up with winds,
Rage like an angry boar chafed with fweat .' Shak,

3. To perfume.

Lilies more white than fnow
New fall'n from heav'n, with violets mix'd, did

grow ;
Whofe fcent fo cbafd the neighbour air, that you
Would furcly fwear Arabick fpices grew. Suckling,

4. To make angry ; to inflame palfion.

Her interceffion chafed him fo.
When flic for thy repeal was fuppliant,
That to clofe prifon he commanded her. Shakefp,

An offer of pardon more chafed the rage of thole,
who were refolved to live or die together.

Sir yohn HaytoarJ,

For all that he was inwardly chafed with the
heat of youth and indignation, againit his own
people as well as the Rhodians, he moderated him-
iclf betwixt his own rage, and the offence of his
foldiers. KmHes'i H:Jlory of the Turks,

This chafd the boar ; his noftrils dames expire.
And his red eyeballs roll witli living fire. Dryden.

To Chafe, 'v. n.

I . To rage ; to fret ; to fume ; to rave ;
to boil.

Therewith be 'gan full terribly to roar.
And cbafd at that indignity right fore.

Sfenjer's Hub, Tale,

He will not rejoice fo much at the abufe of Fal-

ftaff, as he will chafe at the db£lor's marrying my

daughter. Shakffiare,

Be lion mettled, proud, and take no care
Who chafeiy who frets, or where confpirers are.

Shakefpeare.
How did they fume, and ftamp, and roar, and
tbafe,
Alid fwear!— not Addifon himfelf was fafe. Puft.
z. To fret againft any thing.

Once upon a raw and gufty day.
The troubled Tyberri'<i^ii; with his fliorci.

Sbake/feare's Juliut Ctefar,
The murmuring furge,
That on th' unnumber'd idle pebbles chafes,
Cj'inot be heard fo high. Sbakejp. King Lear,

Chafe, n./, [from the verb.j A heat ;
a rage ; a fury ; a pafllon j a fume j a
pett ; a fret ; a ftorm.

When Sir Thomas More was fpeaker of the
parliament, with his wifdom and eluquence he
fo croffed a purpofe of cardinal Wolf;y's, that the
cardinal, in a chafe, fent for him to Whitehall.

Camdcn^s Remains,
At this the knight grew high in chafe.
And Aaring furiouily on Ralph,
He trembled. Huditrat,

Chafe-wax. «./. An officer belonging
to the lord chancellor, who fits the wax
for the fealing of writs. Harris.

Ch a'per. n.f. [c^apop. Sax. hver, Dut.]
An infeft ; a fort of yellow beetle.

Cha'fer r. n,/, A forge in an iron mill,
where the iron is wrought into complete
bars, and brought to perfeftion. Phillips,

CHAFF, n.f. [ceap. Sax. kaf. Dutch.]

1 . The huflts of corn that arc fcparated
by threfliing and winnowing.

We fliall he winnow'd with fo rough a wind,
That cv'n our corn rtiall fcem as lig'it as ihaff.
And good from bad find no partition. Sbak.H. IV.

C II A

Pleifure .vith inft:uSion OiouU be joln'd j
So tike the coin, snd leave the rA(j^behind.2);y</.

He fet before him 'a fack of wheat, as it had*
been juft threfhed out of the flieaf ; he then bid
him pick out the chaff Item among the com, and
lay it afidc by itfelf. Sfeffator,

2. It is ufed for any thing worthlefs.

To CHA'FFER. -v, ». [imjen. Germ.

to buy.] To treat about a bargain ; to.

haggle ; to bargain.

Nor rode himfelf to Paul's, the publick fair.
To chaffer for preferments with his gold,
Where biiliopricks and finecutes are fold.

Drydeiis Tah'ci^

The chaffering with diffenters, and dodging
about this or toother ceremony, is but like open-
ing a few wickets, and leaving them a-jar. S-wift.

Jn difputes with chairmen, when your mailer
fends you to chaffer with dicm, take pity, and tell
your mafter that they will not take a farthing
lefs. Swift.

Ta Cha-ffer. V, a. [The aftive fenfe is
obfolete.]

1. To buy.

He chaffer'd chairs in which churchmen were fet.
And breach of laws to privy farm did let. Spenfer.

2. To exchange.

Approaching nigh, he never ftaid to greet,
Ne chaffer words, proud courage to provoke.

Fairy S^ueen.

Cha'pferer. n.f, [from chaffer.'\ A
buyer ; bargainer ; purchafer.

Cha'ffern. n.f, Iftom efc/jauffir, Fr.
to heat.] Aveflel for heating water. Dii^.

Cha'ffery. n.f. [from ciiaff'er.] Traf-
lick ; the praftice of buying and felling.

The third is, merchandize and chafferi ; that
is, buying and felling. Spcnjer's State of Ireland.
Cha'ffinch. n.f. [ftoxa chaff zndfnch.l
A bird fo called, becaufe it delights ia
chaff, and is by fome much admired for
its fong. Phillips's World of Words,

The chaffinch, and other fraall birds, arc inju-
rious to fome fruits. Mortimer s Hitfhaniiry.

Cha'ffless. adj. [from chaff.\ Without

chaff.

The love I bear him.

Made me to fan you thus ; but the gods made yon

Unlike all others, rij^f/i. Shakrjpeare's Cymbciine.
Cha'ffweed. «. f, [gna^krdium. Eat.]

An herb, the fame vi'nYt cud-ivced ; which

fee.
Ch a'ffy. M'. [jTcmchaff.l LikechafTi

full of chaff; light.

If the flraws be light and chaffy, and held at
a reafonabie diftance, they will not rile unto the
middle. Sro^^Rs f^ulgar Firours,

The moft (light mi chaffy opinion, if at a great
remove from the picfent age, contracts a venera-
tion. Glati'ville,

Ch a'fincdish. n.f, [from chafe and
H dip-l A vefTel to make any thing hot
in ; a portable grate for coals,

M.*ke proof of the incorporation of fiivcr and
tin in equal quantities, whether it will endure the
ordinary firev^liich belongctli lo ck.ifir.gdijhcs, pof-
ncU) and fuch other fiitnt velVcts.

Jiacon's Phyfical Remains.

Chagri'n. n.f, [chagrlne.Yt.l III hu-
mour ; vexation ; fretfulnefs ; peevifh-
nefs. It is ^TOnovtncei fhagreen.

Hear me, and touch Belinda with chagrin;
That linglc aft gives half the world the fpleen.

Pope,
1 grieve with the old, for fo many additional
inconvcnicncies and chagiins, moic than their
fmalJ remain of life feemed deftincd to undergo.

Pope's Letters.

To Chagri'n. v. a, [Jjagriner, Fr.] To

vex ;

C H A

-vex ; to pat out of temper ; to teaze ;
to make uneafy.
CHAIN n.f. \_cbaint, Fr.]
I. A feries of links faftened one within
another.

And Pharaoh took off his ring, >D<3put it upoo

Jsreph'i hand, and put a gold chain about his neck.

Gcnifiz, x!l. 42.

i. A bond ; a msntcle ; a fetter ; fome-
thing'with which prifoners are bound.
Still in cocftraint your fufF'iing fex remains,
Or bound in forma), or in real rhaint. Fofi,

3. A line of links with which land is mea-
fured.

A furreyor may at foon, with h)i {bain, mca-
rtre O'Jt infinite ipace, as a philofopher, by the
euickcft fiighc ot" mind, reach it ; or, by thinking,
comprehend ic. Lockr,

4.. A feries linked together, as of caufes
or thoughts ; a fuccefEoa ; a fubordioa-
tion.

Thofe fo miflake the Chriftian religion, as to
thir.k it is only a chji/i of fatal decreet,* to deny
«U liberty of man'a choice toward good or evil.

dtntntmfn ,

Ai there is pleafure at the tjjght exercife of any

faculty, fo <rpecially in thlt of right reafoninj;;

<wiiich is ftill tl« greater, by liowjnuch the coiifo-

^uenccs are mere clear, and tht ctaim of them

ii- re long. Bjirnct'i linrj af tkt Earth.

yu Chain, -v. a. [from the nouh.']

J. To fallen or bind with a chain.

Thfy repeat daily any wholcfume aft eft.ibliflicd
AgainU the rich, and provide more piercing llatutes
daily to chain up and rcftrain the poor.

Shakffpeare' t Coi-h/ann:.

The mariners he sbamiJ in his own galleys for
(Savei. Knsilii,

Or march'd I ctdin'J behind the hoftile car,
The viftor's paftime, and the fport of war ! Piicr.

Thty, with joint force opprclTion chawing, fct
Imi erial jufticc at the helm. Thcmjla.

i. To enflave ; to keep in flavery.

The monarch was ador'd, the people cbah'il.

Prior.
Thia world, 'tit true,
*'a; made for Csfar, but for Titus too ;
And which more bleft ? who ciain'd his country,

f>5'.
Or he whofe rlrtue Cgh'd to lo£; a day ? Pupc
■3. To keep by a chain.

The admiral feeing the mouth of the haven
ehaircJ, and the cadles full of ordnance, and
firongly snanned, durft not attempt to enter.

fCml/ii't Hj/lcry of the Turh.

j^. To unite.

O Warwick, I do bend my knee with thine,
And in this vow do chain my foul with thine.

Shaktfpeare,

(^ra'inpump. t^ /. [from chain and
funtp.'\ A pump ufcd in large Englilh
vf fiels, which is double, fo that one rifes
as the other falls. It yields a great
£[uantity of water, works eafily, and is
eafily mended ; but takes up a great
deal of room, and makes a difagreeable
noife. Chambers.

I: I' not long firice the f^riking of the top-
mail, a wonderful great cafe to great fhips, both
at lea and in harbour, hath been devifed ; toge.
ther with the cbain/umf, which takes up twice as
much water as the ordinary did ; and we have
lately added tlie bonnet and the drabble.

Ralrigh't Effayt.

£ti a'insuot. It./, [from «■/>«;'» and//i>»/.]
Two bullets or half bullets, failentd
together by a chain, which, when they
f y open, cut away whatever i» before
tbem.
ill lea 6bhtt, oftcniiines, a buttock, the btawn

C H A

of the thigh, and the calf of the lef, are torn off
by the chatfjhel, and fplinters. ffi^aiCi Surgery.

Cha'inwork. ». /. [from chain and
tviri.] Work with open fpaces like
the links of a chain.

Nets ofchequerwoi k, and wreaths of ctainmcrt,
for the chapiters which were upon the top< of the
pillars. I Kings.

CHAIR. «./ [chair, Fr.]
I . A moveable feat.

whether thou choofe Cervantes' Terious air,
Or laugh and Ihake in Rabelais' eafy chair.
Or praiie the court, or magnify mankind.
Or thy griev'jl country's copper chains unbind.

Fojie.

If a chair be defined a feat for a fingle pcrfon,
with a back belonging to it, then a ftool is a feat
for a fingle perfon, with out a back. Waiti'i Logici.

a. A feat of jufljce, or of authority.

He makes for England, here to claim the
crown.^
—Is the fic/r empty ? Is the fword unfway'd ?
It the king dead ? Shaktfptarci Riihard III.

If thou be that prircely eagle's bird.
Show thy dcfccnt by gazing 'gainll the fun j
For chcir and dukedom, throne and kingdom, foy ;
Either that's thine, or elfe thou wertnot his.

Shakeffeare.
The honour'd gods
Keep Rome in fafety, and the chain of iuftice
'Supply wijh worthy men. Shiticffrare'i Coriolanui,

Her grace fat down Co reft awhile.
In a rich chair of ftate. Shakejpcare' s Henry Vli,.
The committee of the Commons appointed Mr.
Pym to take the chair, Cluterdan.

In this high temple, on a chair of ftate.
The fejt i>f audience, old Latinus fare. Dryd. JEt.

3. A vehicle born by men ; a fedan.

Think what an equipage thou haft in air,
And view with fcorn two pages and a chair. Poj>e.

Cha'irman. ».'_/". [from f/6«/r and «(««.]

1. The prefident of an aflembly. ^

In atfemblies generally one pcrfon is chofen
chairman or moderator, to keep the feveral fpeakers
to the rules of order. H^aits.

2. One whofe trade it is to carry a chair.

One elbows him, one jufllcs in the ftiolej
A rafter breaks his head, or chairman's pole. Dryd.

Troy chairmen hotc the wooden fteed,
Pregnant with Greeks, impatient to be freed j
Thcge bully Creeks, who, as the moderns do,
Inftead of paying chairmen, run tliem through.

.Swif:.

Chaise, n.f. [chai/e, Fr.] A carriage of
pleafure drawn by one horfc.

Inftead of the chariot he might have faid the
chai/e of government ; for a chaife is driven by rhe
pcrfon that fits in it. ^ddijin.

ChaLCO'grAPHER. ».y; [x,aXiioypa.flS^,

of ;^a^x®', brafs, and 7fa<p«, to write
or engrave.] An engraver in brafs.
Chalco'gr APHTf. n./, [j{;aXx«)'{«9i«.]

Engraving in brafs.

Cha'lder. In./. A dry Englilh mea-

Cha'ldron. > fure of coals, confifting of

Cha'udron. J thirty-fix bufhels heaped

up, according to the fealed bufhel kept

at Guildhallj London. The chaldron

Ihould weigh two thoufand pounds.

Chambers.
Cha'lice. n.f. [calic. Sax. calice, Fr.
calix, Lat.]

1 . A cup ; a bowl.

When in your motion you are hot.
And, that he calls for drink, I'll have prepar'd him
A cLa.ice for the nonce. Shaieff'eare.

2. It is generally ufed for a cup ulVd in
ai3s of worfhip.

All thechuich at that time did not think em-

C H A

blematical figures anlawful ornaments r f cap) »(

chalicet. StiJIimgflrel.

Ch a'liced.<i<^'. [ from fa//>, Lat. the cup
of a flower.] Having a cell or cup : ap-
plied by Sbake/ptare to a flower, bat
now obfolete.
Hark, hark ! the lark at heav'o's gats fiogs.

And Phoebus "gins arife.
His fteeds to water at thefe fprings,

On chalic'd flowers that lies. Sbaliifpeare,

CHALK, n.f. [cealc, cealcrran. Sax.
caici, Welfti.]

Chalk is a whitefoflile, ufually reckoned a tlone,
but by fome ranked among the boles. ]c is ufed
in medicine at an abforbcnt, and is celebrated for
curing the heartburn. Chambers.

He maketh all the ftones of the altar as cijlk
ftones, that are beaten in funder. Ifaiao,

Chalk is of two forts ; the hard, dry, ftrong,
chalk, which is beft for lime ; and a foft, un^uouj
chalk, which is beft for lands, becaufe it eifily
difi'olves with nun and firoll. Mortimer.

With chalk I lirft defcribe a circle here.
Where tiiefe eti.creal fpirits muft appear. DryJcn.

7*0 Chalk, it. a. [from the noun.]

1. To rub with chalk.

The i>eaft!y rabble then came dowa
From all the garrets in the town,
And ftalls and (hopborirds in vaft fw.itms,
With new chalk'd bills and nifty arms. HuJihras,

2. To manure with chalk.

Land tliat is chalked, if it is not we'l dungej,
will receive but little benefit from a fecond chaik-
"l?- Mortimer,

3 . To mark or trace out as with chalk.

Being not propt byanccftry, whofe grace
Chalks i'ucceflours their way. iihalefpeare%

His own mind chalked out to him the juft pro-
portions and meafures of behaviour to his fellow.
creatures. Snii,

With thefe helps I might at leaft have chalked
out a way for otiiers, to amend ray errours in a
like defign. Dryden.

The time falls with' 1 the compafs here chalked
out by nature, very pun^ually.

fToodirard's Natural 11 j^cry.

Chalk-cutter.*./, [from chalk au^
{ut.'\ A man that digs chalk.

Shells, by tlie feamen called chalk e^s, are-dug
up commonly in die chalk-pits, where tbe chalks
cullers drive a great trade with them. fVoiJiuard.

Chalk-pit. n.f. [from chalk 2sni fit. 1
A pit in which chalk is dug. See
Ch alk-cvtter.

Cha'lky. adj. [{rota chalk. 1

1. Confifting of chalk ; white with chalk.

As far as 1 could ken the chalky cliffs,
When from tiiy (hore the tempcft beat us back,
I flood upon tiie batches in the ftorm. SbakcJ^,

That bellowing beats on Dover's fi<i/iji clift.

Jiovte,

2. Impregnated with chalk.

Chalky water towards the top of earth it too
fretting. Macon.

To CHA'LLENGE. v. a. [chaUnger, Fr.]

1 . To call another to anfwer for an offence
by combat.

The prince of Wales ftept forth before the king.
And, nephew, challerg'd you to fingle fight, itai,

2. To call to a conteil.

1'hus form'd for fpeed, he challenges the wind, '
And leaves the Scythian arrow far behind. Dryd.

J challenge any man to make any pretence ^to
power by right of fatherhood, cither intelligible or
pnffible. Lucie,

3. To accufe.

Many of them be fuch lofels and fcatterlings,
as t')at they cannot eafily by any Ihcriff' be gotten,
wheo they are (baiUngtd tot any fuch fait.

Syenjer en Ireland,
Were

C H A

Were die grac'd perfon of our Banqns prefent.
Whom I may rather cbaHingi for unkindncfs.

4. [In law.] Toobjefl to the impartiality
of any one. [§ee the noun.]

Though only tw#»e are fworn, yet twenty-four
are to be leturne^ to fupi'ly the deCeiSs or wait
cf appearance of thole that are cbjlieagtd off, ' r
ir.ake ciel-'ault. TlaU.

5. To claim as due.

1 hat divine ot'Ser, whereby the pre-eminenc
of chiefeft acceptation is by the bed things wor,
thily challenged, ' Hxktr.

Which oi you, (hall we fay, doth love us mod ?
That we our largcft bounty may extend
W^hcre natuie doch with merit cial'trge, Sht:kcjj>.

And fo much duty as my mother fij:w'd
To you, preferring you before her father;
So much 1 chalimge, that I may profcfs
Due to the Moor, my lord. ShakefpTart.

Had you not been their father, thefe white flakes
Did cha 1 itgi pity oi them. Sbiikejptate.

So whey, a tyf^r futks the bullock's blood,
A familh'd liua, iffuirt; from the wood,
Roai( loudly fierce, and challniget the food. Drjd.

Hall chou yet drawn o'er young Juba ?
That ftill would recommend thee more to Cwfar,
And cballeng: better ter.ns. Addij n.

6. To call any one to the performance ot
conditions.

' 1 will now ebalUnge you cf your promife, to
five me certain rules 35 to the principles of bla-
zonry. Peacham crt Dronchig,

Cka'llenoe. n.f. [from the verb.]

1. A fummoDS to combat.

1 iiever in my life
Did hear a cbal!a:^i urg'd more modeftly. Slak.

2. A demand of fometbing as due>

Taking for his youngliaga cark,
Left greedy eyes t > them might challenge lay,
Bufy with oker did their Ihoulders mark. Sidney.
There muft Ve: na challenge ot fil^citoiity, ordil-
countenancii:g of freedom. Collier f fYundfisif.

3. [In law.] An exception taken either
againft perfons or things ; perfon s, as in
aiEze to the jurours, or any one or more
of them, by the prilbner at the bar.
ChalUnge made to the jurours, is either
made to the array, or to the polls : chaU
Itngt made to the array, is whoti the
whole number is excepted againft, as
partially eropannellcd ; challenge to or
by the poll, ii when fome one or mote
arc excepted againft, as not indifferent:
challenge to the jurours is divided into
challenge principal, and challenge for
caufe : challenge principal is th.:t which
the law allows without caufe alleged,
or farther examination ; .ts a prifoner at
the bar, arraigned upon felony, may
peremptorily challenge to the number of
twenty, one after another, of the jary
empannelled upon him, alleging no
cauic. Coiuell.

You are mine enemy, I make my challenge,
You (hall not be my judge. Sbaiejfeare.

Ch a'llencer. »./. [from challenge. '\ .

1. One that defies or fummons another to
combat.

Young man, have you challenged Charles the
wrertlcr ?—
No, fair princefs ; he is the general cballergir, Shak.

Death was dcnounc'd j
He took the fummons, void of fear.
And unconcernedly call his eyes around.
As if to find and dare the griefly iballengtr. Dryd.

2. One that claims fupcriority.

Whofc worth
Stood challenger on mount of all the age,
Fer her pciiedioai. Sbakt/feart,

9

C H A

3. A claimant ; one that requires fome-

thing as of right.
Ea. neft challengers there are of trial, by fome

pubiick difputation. Hcchir.

Chaly'beate. ctc/J. [from chaljis, Lat.

fteel.] Impregnated with iron or fteel ;

having the qualities of fteel.

Tlie diet ought to ftrcngthen the folids, al-
lowing fpices and wine, and tlie ufe of chalybeate
wate;s. jirhutbnot on Diet.

CHJMA'DE.tt./.[FTtJich.] The beat of
the drum which declares a furrender.

Several French battalions made a Ihew of refin-
ance; but, upon our. preparing to fill up a little
fofle, in o[der to attack them, they beat tl'.e chn-
mc.ie, and fent us charte blanche. Mdijon.

CHA'MBER. n. /. [chambre, Fr. camera,
1.7A. fiamhr, Welfh.]

1. Ah apartment in a houl'e ; generally
ufed for thofe appropriated to lodging.

Bid them come fortii, and hear me.
Or at their chamber door I'll beat the drum.
Till it cry. Sleep to death. Shakefpeare.

When we have matk'd with blood tli')fe fleepy
two,
Of his own chamber. Shakefpeare.

A natural cave in a rock may have fomething
not much unlike to parlours or chambers, Bentley.

2. Any retired room.

Ihe dark c<ives of death, and chambers of the
grave. Priar.

3. Any cavity or hollow.

Petit has, from an examination of the figure of
the rye, argued againft the poffibility of a film's
exiitence in the poiteriour chamber. Sharp.

4. A court of joftice.

\n rhe Imperial chamber this vulgar anfwer is
not admitted, vix. I do not believe it, as the matter
is rr.jpnunded and alleged. Ayhffe's Parergt/n.

5. The lower part of a gun where the
charge is lodged.

6. A fpecies of great gun.

Names give:i them, as cannons, demi-cannons,
chamber/, arquebufe, mulket, &c.

Camden s Remains.

7. The cavity where the powder is lodged
in a min^.

ZoCha'mber. v. n. [from the noun.]

1. To be wanton ; to intrigue.

Let us walk honeflly as in the day, not in riot
ing and drunkennefs, not in chambtring and wan-
ti nnefs. Romans.

2. To rcfide as in the chamber.

The be:i blood chambcr'd in his bt^m. Sh^ik.

Ch a'mherer. ». yi [from chamier.'] A
man of intrigue.

I Inve not thofe foft parts of converfation.
That cbambercrs have. Shakefpeare,

Ch a'mberfelloW. Jt. /. \irom cl} amber
and fellt)iu.'\ One that lies in the fame
chamber.

It is my fortune to have a chamberfeHtmi, with
whom I agree very well in many fentiments.

Sle^atiir,
Cha'mberlain. n.f. \fxQm chamber, "[

1. Lord great chamberlain of England is
the fixm officer of the crown ; a confi-
derable part of his fun&ion is at a co-
ronation ; to him belongs the provifion
of every thing in the houfe of lords ;
he difpofes of the fword of ftate ; under
him are the gentleman uftier of the
black rod, yeomen ulher;, and door-
keepers. To this office ilie duke of
Ancaftcr makes an hereditary claim.

Chambers.

2. Lord chamberlain of the houfehold has
the orerfight of all officer) belonging to

C H A

the king's chambers, except the ^e-
cinft of the bedchamber. Chambers,

Humbly complaining to her deity,
Got my lord chamberlain his liberty. Shakefpeare.

He was made lord lleward, that the ilaff of
chctmbrrlain mignt be put into tlie hands of h!s
brother. Clarendon*

A patriot is a fool in every age.
Whom all lord chamberlains allow the ftage. Pope,

3. A fervant who has the care of the
chambers.

Think'ft thou
That the bleak air, thy boifterous chamberhln.
Will put thy fhirt on warm ? ShaiJ'peare,

When Duncan is adcep, his two chamberlains
We will with wijie and WiifTel convince, Shaiefp.
He ferv'd at firft y^milia's chamberlain.

Drydir.'s Tables.

4. A receiver of rents and revenues ; as,
chamberlain of the exchequer, of Chefter,
of the city of London. Chambers.

Cha'mberlainship. n.f. [from cham-
berlain.l The office of a chamberlain.

Ch a'mb ERMAID. n.f. \ixom chamber a.\\&
maid.'l A maid whofe bufmefs is to
drefs a lady, and wait in her chamber.

Men will not hil's.
The cbgmbermaid was named Clfs. Benforftir,

Some <oarfe country wi^ncli, almoft decay 'd.
Trudges to town, and firft turns r^dmfr«mfli</. Pt/w.
When he doubted whether a word were intel-
ligible or no, he ufed to confult one of his lady's
chambermaids. Svjift,

If thefe nurfes ever prefume to entertain the
girls with the common foliie'! praftifed by cham-
bermaids among us, th>;y are pubiickly whipped.

Sviift.
TaCHA'MDLET. f. a. \ftovci cameht. See
Came LOT.] To vary; to variegate.

Some have the veins mo:e varied and cham-
blited; as oak, whereof wain fcot is made.

Bac'-ns Natural Hiflcny,

Ch a'mbrel 0/^fl itfr/f. The joint or bend-
ing of the uppe/part of the hinder leg.
Farrier's Diii,

ChAMe'lEON. n.f. [y(J>.^t.i,^'K^tll>.'\

The chameleon has four feet, and on each foot
three claws. Its tail is long ; with this, as well
as with its feet, it faftcns itfclf to theT>ranchcs of
trees. Its tail is fiat, its nofe long, ending in aa
obtufe point ; its back is /harp, its Ikin plaiteil,
and jagged like a faw from the neck to the ialt
joint of the tail, and upon its head it has fome-
thing like a comb; like a filh, it has no neck.
Some have alfertcd, that it lives only upon air;
but it has been oblerved to feed on flies, catched
with its tongue, which is about ten inches long,
- and three thick; made of white fle/h, round, bus
flat at the end ; or hollow and open, rcfembling
an elephant's trunk. It alfo ihrinks, and grows
longer. This animal is faid to afl'umc the colour
of thofe things to which it is applied; but our
modern obfervers alTure us, that its natural colour,
wlien at reft and in the (hade, is a bluilh grey ;
though fome are yellow, and others green, but both
of a linaller kind. When it is expoled to the fun,
the grey changes into a darker grey, inclining to a
dun colour; and its parts, which have leatl of the
light upon them, are changed into fpots of dif.
fereiit colours. The grain of its /kin, when the
light doth not /hine upon it, is like cloth mixed
with many colours. Sometimes, when it is hand-
led, it fecmo fpeckled with dark fpots, inclining
to green. If it be put upon a black hat, it ap-
pears to be of a violet colour; and fonietimcs, if
it be wrapped up in linen, it is white ; but it
changes colour uoly in fome parts of the body.

Calmet,
A chameleon is a creature about the bignefs of an
ordinary lizard ; his head ur.prouortionably big,
and his eyes great; he movsth his head without
writhing of hit neck, which is inflexible, as a
hog doth i bis back crooked, his Ikla fpotccd witli

IjitU

CH A

Ifttle tuinouri, Itfs eminent ne»ret Ae fceUy ; h'n
till (lender and long ; on each foot he hlth five
tingcn, three on the outfide, and two on the in-
fide ; his tongue of a marvellout length in refpeft
of his body, and hollow at the end, which he wili
launch out to prey upon flies ; of colour gt<en> and
of 1 dulky yellow, brighter and whiter toward! the
telly; yet fpotted with bhie, white, and red.

Becnft Natural Wificry,

I can add colours ev'n to the chamtlnn \

Change fliapes with Prrteus, for advantage. Siat.

One part devours the other, and leaves not fo

jnuch as a mouthful of that popular air, yrhich the

cbamtlatu gafp after. Dtcaj ef P'uiy,

The thin chamUan, fed with air, receives
The colour of the thing to which he cleaves.

Drydtn.
As the chamtltm, which is known
To hive no colours of his own,
But borrows from his neighbour's hoe.
His white or black, his green or blue. Tr'ur.

To ChA'mfer. V, a. [thambrer, Fr.] To

channel ; to make furrows or gutters

upon a column.
Cha'mfbr. 1«. / [from To eiam/ir.]
Cha'mfret.J Afmall furrow or gutter

on a column.
Cha'mlet. B./, [See Cam BLOT.] Stuff

made originally of camel'* hair.
To make a chamlct, draw five lines, waved over-

thwarc, if your diapering confilt of a double line.
• Peacham on -Draivin^,

Cha'mois.w. yi [chamois, Fr.] An animal
of the goat kind, whofe ikin is made into
foft leather, called among aijbammy,

Thefe are the bcail^ which you (hall cat ; the
ex, the (heep, and wild ox, and the chamoit.

Deuttronomy,
Cha'mOMILE. n. /. [p^a/xai^vAei'.] An
odoriferous plant.

Cool violets, and orpine growing ftill,
£nibathed balm, and cheerful galingale,

Frclh coi^maiy, atud breathful cbamc>/nUs,

Dull poppy, and drink quickening fetuak. Speyifer,

For though the cbamamili, the mure it is trodden

.«n the faftcr it grows ; yet youth, the more it is

•waled, the fooner it wears. Staiejftare.

PolTet drink with ^hamnmli flowers.

Fioyir on the Humours*
To Champ, v. a. [champayer, Fr.]
i. I'o bite with a frequent aflion of the
teeth.

Cofi'ee and opium are taken down, tobacco but
in fmoke, and betel is but cbair-ftd in the mouth
V^'ith a little 4ime. Bacon.

The fiend rcply'd not, overxome with rage ;
But, like a proud deed reln'd, went haughty on,
stamping hii itoo curb. Mi.'ion's farajji Loft'
* At his command

The fteedl caparifon'd with purple ftand.
And ibamf bvtwixt their teeth the foaming gold.

UryiUn.

T. To dcvouo with violent aAion of the
teeth.

A tobacco pipe happened to break in my mouth,
and the pieces left fuch a delicious roughoefs on
my tottgiK, th^t I cbamftd up the remaining part.

Sfx^ator.

?i Champ, v. u. To perform frequently
the ailicn of hiting.

Muttering and cJbamfirg, as though his cud bad
troubled him, he giwe occaliun to MuAdoris to
come near him. SUnry.

The^ b"^an to repent of that they ha^ done, and
ircfully to cbamp upon the bit they had taken into
their mouths. Jlovkcr.

His jaws did not anfwer e<}ually to one another;
but, by his frequent motion and cbamping with
them, it waj evident they were neither lusati-d nor
fratturrd. H'lj.man.

Cha'mpaicn. n. /, [camfagne, i'tj] A
flat open country.

C H A

In the abufes of the cuftoms, mereemi, you have
t fair ibamfj:gi laid open to ynu, in which you
may it large ftrctch out your difcourfe,

Sptnjtr't Stall oflrtlani.

Of all theft bounds.

With (hadowy forefti and with cbamfairtts rich'd,

We make thee lady. Siaktfftari,

If two bordering princes have their territory

meeting oa an open cbtmfaign, the more mighty

will cootinuiUy feek occalion to extend bis limits

unto the further berder thereof. Ra/cigb.

Sir John Nofcis maintained a retreat without

difarray, by Che fpace of fame miles, part of the

way ebamfaien, unto the city of Gaunt, with Icf^

lofs of men than the «nemy. Bacon.

From his (ije two riven flow'd,
Th' one winding, th' other ftraight, and left be-
tween
Fair champaign, with left rivers interven'd. Mihm.

Cha'mpertors. h. /. [from champerty.
In law.] Such as move fuits, or caufe
them to be moved, either by their own
or others procurement, and purfue, at
their proper colb, to have part of the
land in conteilj or part of the gains.

Cotuell.

Ch A'.MPER.Ty. n. /. [champart, Fr. In
law.] A maintenance of any man in his
fuit, while depending, upon condition
to have part of the thing when it is re-
covered. Cc-ive/I.

Champi'cnon. It./, [champignon, Fr.]
A kind of mulhroom.

He viler friends with doubtful mulhrooms treats,
Secure for you, lumklf cbampi^noms eats. Drydcn.

It has the refemblance of a large cbampignon be-"
fore it is opened, branching out into a large round
knob. fyoodtvard.

CHA'MPION. »./. [champion, Fr. campio,
low Lat.]

1 . A man who undertakes a caufe in ilngle
combat.

In many armies, the matter (hould be tried by

duel between two cbampions. Bacon.

For hot, cold, moi(i, and dry, four ebamfions

fierce,

Strive here for maft'ry, and to battle bring

Their embryon atoms. Mllton^x Faradije Ltft.

O light of Trojans, and fupport of Troy,
Thy father's cbampkn, and thy country's joy !

Drydtn.
At length the advei fe admirals appear.
The two bold chamfiom of each country's right.

Dryden.

2. A ^ero ; a ftout warriour ; one bold in
conteft.

A Itouter champion never handled fword. Sbak.

This makes you incapoble of conviftion ; and
they applaud themfelves as zealous champions for
truth, when indeed they are contending for crrour.

Lech.

3. In law.

In our common law, cbampitn is taken no lefs
for him that trieth the combat in his own cafe,
th.infor him that fighteth in the cale of another.

Cnuell.

To Cua'mpiOiN. t. a. [from the noun.]
To challenge to the combat.

The feed uf Baaquo kinga!
Rather than fo, come. Fate, into the lilt,
AfU chatHpicn me to th' utteian'ec. Sbak^peare.

CHANCE. «./ [c/ja»cf, Fr]

I. Fortunci the caufe of fortaltous events.

As th' unthought jtxidcnt is guilty
Of wh.it we wildly do, ("0 wc protcfs
Ourfdvcs ta be the flivw of cvancct and flics
Of every wiud chac blows. Sbakcfp<are»

The only man, of all chat chance could bring
To meet my armsi was woith ibe con<|ueriiig.

DryJer,

Cbiinct Is but 1 mere name, and really nuthint>

C H A

in itfelf ; 1 conception of our mindt, tnj only i
compendious way of fpeaking, whereby we would
exprefs, that fuch eft'e£ts as are commonly attri-
buted to chance, were verily produced by their true
and proper caufes, but without their delign to pro*
duce them. Bentley,

t. Fortune ; the aft of fortune ; what for-
tune may bring : applied to perfons.

Thefe things arc commonly not obferved, but
left to take their chance. Bacon's EJfayt.

3. Accident; cafual occurrence; fortui-
tous event.

To fay a thing is a chance or cafualty, as it re-
lates to fecond caufes, is not profanenefs, but a
great truth \ as fignifying no more, tlian that
there are fome events befides the knowledge and
power of fecond agents. South.

The beauty 1 beheld has (truck me dead ;
Unknowingly (he (Irikes, and kills by cbanct\
Poifon is in her eyes, and death in er'ry glance.

Dryden,

AU nature is but art, unknown to thee ;
All chance ditt&ion, which thoucanft not fee. Pop^.

4. Event; fuccefe; luck: applied to things.

Now we'll together, and the chance of goodnefi
Be like our warranted quarrel I Sbakcfpeare,

5. Misfortune ; unlucky accident.

You were us'd
To fay extremity was the trier of fpirits.
That common chanctt common men could bear.

Sbaktfptare,

6. Poffibility of any occurrence.

A chance, but chance may lead, where I may meet
Some wand'ring fpirit of heav'n, by fountain fide.
Or in thick (hade retir'd. Milton's Paradije LoJI.

Then your ladylhip might have a chance tq
efcape this addrefs. Swi/i,

Chance. as(/. [It is feldom ufed but in
compofition.] Happening by chance.

Now (hould they part, malicious tongues woi

fay.

would

They met like thanct companions on the way.

Dryden,
I would not take the gift.
Which, like a toy dropt from the hands of fortune.
Lay fo^ the next chance comer. Dryden,

7*0 Chance. <t/. n. [from the noun.] To
happen j to fall out ; to fortune.
Think what a chance thou cbanceft on ; but
think ; — —
Thou haft thy miftrefs fliU, Shate/ptare,

How chance thou art not with the prince thy
brotlier .» , Shakefpcare,

Ay, Cafca, tell us what hath chanc'd to-day.
That Csfar looks fo fad. Shakcjptare,

He chanced upon divers of the Turks vl Auailers,
whom he eafily took. Knolles's Hift. oftbeTurki,

I chofe the fafer fea, and chanc'd to find
A river's mouth impervious to the wind.

Pop,', Odylfy,
Ch a'k c e f u l . adj. [chanct iXL^full.'] Ha-
zardous. Out of ufe.

Myfelf would o(Jcr you t' accompany
In this advent'rous cbanccful 'jiroyitiy , Sptnjcr,

Chance-medley, a./ [itom chanct aaA
medley.'] In law.

Tbe cafual (laughter of a man, not altogether
without the fault of the flayer, when ignorance or
negligence is joined with the chance; as if a man
lop trees by an highw.iy-fide, by which many
ufually travel, and ca(( down a bough, not giving
warning to take heed thereof, by wh,t.^ bough one
pairing by is (lain : in this cafe be o(}'euds, beciufe
he gave no warning, that the party might have
taken beeJ to hirofelf. Cnvett,

If fuch an one Ihould have the ill hap, at any
time, to ftrlke a man dead with a fniart laying, it
ought, in all reafon and conlcience, to be judged
but a chance-medley. South,

Ch a'nceablb. a<^'. [hoxa chance. '\ Ac- -
cidciital.

The trial thereof was cut o(r by the chanceahlt
coaling tbitlicr of the king of Iberia. Sidney,

CHA'NCEL.

C H A

CHA'NCEL. «. /. [from eatitelU, Lat.
lattices, with which the chancel was in-
clofed.] The eaftern part of the church,
in which the altar is placed.

Whetlier it be allowable or no, that the minifter
ihould fay fervite in the chancel, Hocktr.

The ctaticci of this church Is vaulted with a
fingle ftonc of four feet in thicknefs, and an hun-
dred and tburteen in circumference.

Aid'fm on July.
Cha'ncellor. n. /. [^caitcellarius, Lat.
chancsllier, Fr. from cancellare, literal
•vel Jcriptum lined per medium duBd dam-
nare ; and feemeth of itfelf likewife to
be derived a cancellis, which fignify all
©ne with xiyx^iJi;, a lattice ; that is, a
thing made of wood or iron bars, laid
croflways one over another, fo that a
man may fee through them in and out.
It may be thought thit judgment feats
were compafFed in with bars, to defend
the judges and other officers from the
prefs of the mtJtitude, and yet not to
hinder any man's view.
^afitus regni tibi cancellarius Angli,

Primus Jolliciti mente pclendus erit.
Hie ejl, qui regni leges cancellat iniquas,
Et mandata pii principis a-quafacil.

Verfes of Nigel de IVetekre to the
bifliop of Ely, chancellor to
Richard!.]

1. The hi ghefl judge of the law.

QirccH^riu:, at the firil, fignilicd the regifterj or
actuaries in court 5 gtafbarhitJttU qui corJcriberdU
^ excifieriifis judicum aSlit dtint operant* But this
nsnie 15 greatly advanced, and, not only in other
kingdoms but in th:s, is given to him that U the
chief judge in caufes of property j f jr the chan-
eel/or hath power to njoderite and temper tile
written law, and fubjefteth himfelf only to the law
of nature and confcience. Ctrtvtil.

Turn out, you rogue ! how like a bcaft you lie !
Co, buckle to the law. Is this an licur
To ftretch your limbs .' you'll ne'er be chancrllor.

Dryden jiitt,

AriftiJcs was a pcrfon of the ftrifleil jmiice,
ard belt' act^uainted with the laws, as Avcil as
forms, of their government; fo that he was, in a
manner, fi<iirr(//ar of Athens. Sivifi,

2. Chancellor in the EcclefiafAcal Court.
A bilbop's lawyer ; a man trained up in
the civil and canon law, to dirctl ihc
biihops in matters of judgment, relating
as well to criminal as to civil affairs in
the chutch. Jylijje's Purer gan.

3. CH\ticzh\,ovi of a Cathedral. A dig-
nitary whofe office it is to fuperintend
the regular exercife of devotion.

4. Chancellor cf the Exchequer. An
ofiicer who fits in that court, and in tht'
exchequer chamber. He has power, with
others, to compound for forfeitures on
penal llatutes, bonds and recognizances
entered into by the king. He has great
authority in managing the royal reve-
nue, and in matters of firfl fruits. The
court of equity is in the exchequer
chamber, and it held before the lord
Ireafurer, chancellor, and barons, ?.s that
of common law before the barons only.

Coiutll. Chatnbers.

5. Chancellor 0/ an Univer/itj. The
principal magiftrate, who at Oxford
holds his office during life, but at Cam-

, Vol. I.

C H A

bridge he may be elefled every three
years.

6. Chancellor cfthe Order of the Gar-
ter, and other military orders, is an
officer who feals the comraiiTioBs and
mandates of the chapter and affembly of
the knights, keeps the regifter of their
deliberations, and deliver^ tneir afts un-
der tne fc a! of the order. Chamlcrs.

Ch a'kcellorship. n. f. The oScc of
chancellor.

The Sunday after Mrre g.ivc up VMchar. ■t'hrjl:p
of EngLnd, he came hirrlcif to his wile's pew,
and ulcd die ufu-.l wotd3 of his gentl,-man-ulher.
Madam, my lord is gone. Camden.

Cha'ncexy. K.f. [from chancdkr; pro-
bably chancellerj, then fhortencd.] The
court of equity and confcience, mode-
rating the rigour of other courts, that
are tied to the letter of the law ; where-
of the lord chancellor of England is the
chief judge, or the lord keeper of the
great fcal. Coivell.

The contumacy and contempt of the party muft
be fignifi.d in the court of chancery, by the bi-
fljop's letters under the feal ^piicopal.

Ayliffci Parergm.

CHA'NCRE. n.f. [chancre, Fr.] An ulcer
ufaaliy arifiog from venei'LMl maladie?.
It is poflible he was not wdl cutcd, and would
have relapled with a chancre. IVijcmun.

Cha'kcrous. adj. [from chancre.'\ Hav-
ing the qualitisdof achantre ; ulcerous.
Vou may tliink 1 am loo ftridt in giving fo
many internals in the cure of "fo fmall an ulcer as
a chancre, or ratlicr a chancroui callus. IV.Jcinan.

Ch andeli'er. ».y". [chandelier, Fr.] A

branch for candles.
Ch a'ndler. ». y; [chandelier, ¥r.} An

artifan whofe trade it is to make catidles,

or a perfon who fells the.m.

The faik that thou hall drankcn me, would
have bought me lights as good cheap at the deaie^
chandkrt in Europe. Shake'peare

But whether black or lighter d;.es are wurn.
The ctand/er'% balket, on his Ihfiuldcr kirn,
"With tallaw fpui5 thy coat. Gay.

CHJ'NFRIN. n. /. [old French.] The
forepart of the head cf a horfe, which
extends from under the ears, along the
interval between the eyebrows, down to
his nofe. Farrier's DiSl.

To CH.4NGE. -v. a. [changer, Fr. cambia,
Lat.]

1. To put one thing in the place of an-
other.

He that cannot lock into his own*e(late, had
need cho3fc well whom he employeth, and ctarge
thrm often ; for new are move timorous, and lels
fubiile. Bacon i EJuys.

2. To quit any thing for the fake of an-
other : withyw before the thing taken
or received.

Pcrfons grown up in the belief of any religion,
cannot change that /'.•- another, without applying
their undcrlUnding duly to coufider and compare
both. South.

The French and we (liU change ; but here's the
curfe.
They change for hMts, and we change for work.

D'-yden.

3. To give and take reciprocally : with
the particle •with before the perfon to
whom we give, and from whom wc take.

C H A

To fecure thy content, look upcn thof: thoa-
fands, TOi'/i whom thou wouldft not, for any in-
tereft, change thy fortune and condition.

Taflor''! Rule of L'.-ving Hry.

4. To alter ; to make other than it was.

Thou (halt not fee me blulh.
Nor change my countenance for this arreft ;
A heart unfj-otted is not eafily daunted. Sbahff*

■Whatfoever is broujjht upon thee, take chear-
fuiiy, and be patient when thou art chang.d to a
low cftate. . ^ Ecchii,

For the elements were changed in themlelves by
a kind of harmony; like as in a pfaltery notes
change die name of the tune, and yet are afways
founds. IVtjdoTn.

5. To mend the difpofition or mind. .

I would flie were in heaven, fo (he could
Intreat fame pow'r to charge this c'uiriih Jew.

Shateffeart^

6. To dlfcount a larger piece of money
into feveral fmaller.

A Ihopkecper might be able to ciange a ^juinea,
or a moidore, when a cuftomcr comes for a crown's
woi th of goods. Siuift,

7. To change a horfe, or to change hand, is to
turn or bear the horfe's head from one
hajid to the other, from the left to the
rig"lit, or from the right to the left.

Farrier's Didt,
To Chance, 'v. n.

1 . To undergo change ; to fuffer altera-
ti6i\.: as, his fortUiie may foon change,
though he is now fo fecure.

One Julia, that his changmg^.^sx'^X forgot,
■Would oettcr fit his chamber. Shakefpeatr.

2. To change, as the moon ; to begin a
new monthly revolution.

X am weary of this moon ; would he wculd
ch'i'ige. Shakijj.earc.

Chance, n.f. [from the verb.]

1. An alteration of the flateofany thing.

Since 1 faw you laft,
There is a chtmge upon you. Sh'akejpeart,

2. A fucceflion of one thing in the place of
another.

O wondVons changes of a fatal fccnc.
Still varyirg to tlie laft ! Dryden,

Nothing can cure this part of ill-hreeiing, but
charge and variety of company, and that of p iljna
abo\e U5. ^ Locke.

Einp'ics by various turns fliall rife and I'et ;
While thy abandon'd tribes (hall only knuw
A dift"rpnt maftcr, and a chrrge of lime. Prior*

Kenr how Timothcus' vavii.<us h\^ furpiize.
And bid ulte:-natc pnlTions I'all and tife 1
While, at eacii change, the f\in of L-bj in Jove
Now burns with glory, :iid then melts with love.

Pope,

3. The time of the moon in which it be-
gins a new monthly revolution.

Take fecdi nrroots, and fet fomc of them imme-.
di.itcly after the cht^ngc, and others of the i'ame
kind immediately after the full.

Bacon's Natural Hijt'.ry.

4. Kovelty ; a flate different from the ior-
mer.

The heart?
Of all his people (hall revolt fiom him.
And kifs the tips of unacquainted charge, Shdhip,

Our fathers did, for change, to France repair;
And they, for change, will try our Eng'.Kh air.

DiyJcn.

5. [In ringing.] An alteration of the or-
der in which a fet of bells is feunded.

Fourbellj admit twenty-four cbaKges'm ringing,
and ijvc bells one hundic 1 and twenty,

IhJderU Eiemejtts of fpeech.

Eafy it may be to contrive new polVres, and
ring other changct upon the fame bells. Norri:,

6. That which makes a variety ; that which
maybe ufedfor aiiother of ihe famcl:ind.

i' P J wiU

C H A

C H A

C H A

I w'tU now put forth a riddle unto yoa; if you
can find it out, then 1 w!ll give you thirty (her ts,
and thirty cbtngt of garments. Judgei.

7. Small money, which may be given for
larger pieces.

Wood buys up our old halfpence, and from
thence the prefeot want of chengt arifes ; bilt fup-
pofing not one faithing of change in the nation,
five-and-twenty thoufand pounds would be fufli-
tient. Swift.

8. Change for exchange ; a place where
perfons meet to trafiick and tranfad
mercantile affairs.

The bar, the bench, the cbtngt, the fchools and
pulpits, are full of quacks, jugglers, and plagiaries.

L^Efirange>
CHKUGZhaut. aJj. [hom change. "l

1. Subjed to change ; fickle; inconilant.

A Ready mind will admit fteady methods and
COunfcls ; there Is no meafure to be taken of a
ctfrgraili humour. UEJIratigc.

As I am a man, I muft be cbatigtaUt j and fome-
times the graved of us all an: fo, even upon ridicu-
lous accidents. Drydcr..

2. PofCble to be changed.

The fibrous or vafcular parts of vegetables feem
fcarce changeatU in the alimenciry du^.

1 ArhvtbnotcnArimmti.

3. Having the quality of exhibiting dif-
ferent appearances.

Nova' the taylor make thy doublet of changrebic
tatfcta ; for thy mind is a very ops!. Sbakejptart.

Ch a'nceableness. n. jf. [from change-
able.]

1 . Inconrtancy ; ficklenefs.

At length he betrothed himfclf to one wortliy
to be liked, if any worthinefs might cxcufe fo
unworthy a cbargtablertji. Sidney.

There is no temper of mind more unmanly
than that cbanguhttntf!, with which we arc too
juftly branded by all our neighbours.

Addifin's Frtthelder.

2. Sufceptibility of ch^ge.

If how long they are to continue in force, be no
where ezprefled, then have we no light to direct our
judgment concerning the ckangeabienji or immu-
tability of them, but confideiing the natuie and
Xiuality of fuch laws. Hooker.

Cha'ngeablv. adv. [from changeaile.]

Inconftantly.
Cka'ngeful. aifj. [from change ^X[A full.']

Full of change ; inconftant ; uncertain ;

mutable ; fubjeft to variation ; fickle.

Unfound |ilocs, and cbavgtfut orders, are daily
dcvifed for her good, yet never efte£lually profe-
cuted. Sfnjir,

Britain, changeful as a child at play.
Now calls in princes, and now turns away. Po^e*
Cha'ncelikc. tt.f, [from change: the
word arifes from an odd fuperftitious
opinion, that the fairies fteal away chil-
dren, and put others that are ugly and
llupid in their places.]
t . A child left or taken in tbe place of an-
other.

And her bife elfin breed there for thee left!
Such men do changeii/igt oil, fo chang'd by fairies
theft. Sfenfcr'x Fairy S^ueen.

She, as her attendant, hath
A ioTcly boy ftul'n from an Indian king ;
Shr never had fo fweet a changeling, Skakiffture.

2. An idiot ; a fool ; a natural.
Cbangilmgi and fools of heav'n, and tlience fliut

out,

Wildly we roam in difcontent about. Dryden.

Would any one be a cbangeiing, bccaufc he is

ieh determined by wife conliderations tlian a wife

Iran f Locke.

3. One apt to change J a wave^cr.

Of fickle cbangelingi and poor difcontentsy

2

That gape and rub the elbow at the newt

Of hurly-burly innovation. Sbtkrfftari.

'Twas not long
Before from world to world they fwung ;
As they had turn'd from fide to fide.
And as they ibangelwgi liv'd, they died. HucTiirar.

4. Any thing changed and put in the place
of another : in ludicrous fpeech.

1 folded the writ up in form of the other,
Subfcrib'd it, gave the imprefiion, plac'd it fafely,
The changeling never known. Sbakejfvare.

Cha'nckr. n. /. [from change.] One
that is employed in changing or dif-
counting money ; money-changer.

CHA'NNEL «./ [canal. Ft. canalit,
Lat.]

1. The hollow bed of running waters.

It is not fo eafy, now that things are grown into
an habit, and have their certain courfe, to change
the channel, and turn their ftreams another way.
Spenfer^s State if Ireland.

Draw them to Tyber's bank, and weep your tears
Into the channel, till the loweft dream
Do klfs the niort exalted (horesofall. Sbakeffxare.

So th' inj ur'd lea, which from h:r wonted coutfc,
Tn gain fome acres, .-ivarice did force;
If the new banks, neglefled once, decay,
No longer will from her old channel (lay. Waller.

Had not the faid dtata been diflocated, fome of
them elevated, and others deprelTed, there would
have been no cavity or channel to give reception to
the water of the fea. fTooJtvard.

The tops '.f mountains and hills will be conti-
nually walhed down by the rains, and the channels
of rivers abraded by the Itreams. Bcniley,

2. Any cavity drawn longways.

Complaint and hot defircs, the lover's hell.
And fcalding tears, that wore a channel where
they fell. Dryden't Fables.

3. A ftrait or narrow fea, between two
countries : as the Britilh Channel, be-
tween Britain and France ; St. George's
Channel, between Britain and Ireland.

4. A gutter or furrow of a pillar.
vuCha'nnel. "v. a. [from the noun.]

To cut any thing in-channels.

No more (hall trenching vox channel her fields.
Nor limife her flowrcts with the armed hoofs
Of hoftilc paces. Shakeffnare.

The body of this column is perpetually channel-
led, like a thick plaited gown, ff^atton's jirchileffure.

Torrents, and loud impetuous catara&s,
Roll down the lofty mountain's channel!' ddia.
And to the vale convey their foaming tides.

Blackmore.
To CHANT, -v. a. [chanter, Fr.]

1. To fing.

Wherein the chearful birds of fundry kind
Do chant fweet mufick. Fairy ^etn.

2. To celebrate by fong.

The poets chant it in the theatres, the Ihephcrds
in the mountains. Bramhall.

3. To fing in the cathedral fervice.

To Chant, f . «. To fing ; to make me-
lody with the voice.

They chant to the found of the viol, and invent
to therafclves inllruments of mufick. Amoi, vs. 7.

Heav'n heard his fong, and haften'd his relief j
And chang'd to fnowy plumes his hoary hair.
And wing'd his flight, to chant aloft in air. Dryd.

Chant, n./. [from the verb.] Song;
melody.

A pleafant grove,
With r/mnrof tuneful birds refoundingloud. Milton.

Ch a'nter. »./. [from chant.] A finger ;
a fongfter.

You curious chanters of the wood.
That warble forth dame Nature's lays. tyctton.

Jove's ctherial lays, refiftlefs fire.
The chanttr't foul and raptur'd fong isfp'ir^

laftinA divine ! nor UanM fevere hit choice,
Warbling the Grecian woes with harp and voice.

Ptfe.

Ch a'nticleer. n. /. [from fi&<»ff/«- and

clair, Fr.] The nam? given to the cock,

from the dearnefs and loudnefs of his

crow.

And chearful chanticleer, with his note flirill.
Had warned once, that I'htebus' fiery car
In haAewas dimb'ng up the eallcrn hill. Sfenfer,

Hark, hark, 1 hear

The ftrainof ftruttingf/>flrrr.7*.r. Shakeffcare.

Stay, the chearful chanticleer

Tells you that the time it neir. Benjenfon.

Thefe verfea were mentioned by Chaucer, in

the defcription of the fudden flir, and panical fear,

when Chanticleer the cock was carried away by

Reynard the fox. Camden's Remains*

Within this homeftead liv'd without a peer.
For crowing loud, the noble cbantieletr,

Drjdent Fables.

Cha'ntress. «./ [from chant.] A wo-
man finger.

Sweet bird, that Ihunn'll the noife of folly,
Moft muflcal, mod melancholy!
Thee, cbantrefs of the woods among,
1 woo to hear thy even-fong. Miltcn.

Cha'ntry. n. /. [irota chant.]

Chantry is a church or chapel endowed with
lands, or other yearly revenue, for the maintenance
of one or more priefts, daily to fing mafs for th*
fouls of the donors, and fuch otiiers as they ap-
point. _ C(/welU

Now go with me, and with this holy man,
Into the chantry by ;
And, underneath that confecrateJ roof.
Plight me the full afTurance of your faith. Sbak,

CHA'OS. n. /. [chaos, Lat. x«®--]

1. The mafs of matter fuppofed to be in
confufion before it was divided by the
creation into its' proper dafles and ele>
ments.

The v»h )le uniaerfe would have been a confufed
chaos, without be.;uty or order. Bevtiey.

2. Confufion ; irregular mixture.

Had I followed the word, I could not have
brought church and ftate to fuch a chaos of confu-
fions, as Ibme have done. K. Charles.

Their reafon deeps, but mimick fancy wakes.
Supplies her parts, and wild ideas takes
From words and things, ill fnrted and misjoin'd ;
The anarchy of thought, and chaas of the mind.

Dry den,

3. Any thing where the parts are undiiiin-
guifhed.

We Ihall have nothing but darknefs and a ehaot
within, whatever order and light there be in things
without us. Locke,

Pleas'd with a work, where nothing's jud or fit.
One glaring chaoi and wild heap of wit. Pope.

Chao'tick. adj. [horn chaos.] Refem-
bling chaos ; confufed.

When the terraqueous globe was in a chaotick
ftate, and the earthy particles fubfided, then thofe
feveral beds were, in all probability, repofitcd in
the earth. Derbam.

To CHAP. -v. a. [kappen, Dutch, to cut.
This word feems originally the fame
with chop; nor were they probably dif-
tinguifhed at firft, otherwife than by ac-
cident ; but they have now a meaning
- fomething different, though referable to
the fame original fenfe.] To break into
. hiatus, or gapings.

It weakened more and more the arch of the
earth, drying it immoderately, and ctafifing it
in fuodry places. Burnet.

Then would unbalanc'd heat licentious reign.
Crack the dry hilli and (baf the ruffet plain.

Blackmore.

Chat*

C H A

Chat. ». /. [from the verb.] A cleft;
an aperture ; an opening ; a gaping ; a

chink. '

Whit moiftura- the heat of the fummer fucks
out of the earth, it is repaid \a the rains of the
next winter ; and ' hit rifl/i arc made in it, are
filled up again. Bunet'i Tbeory.

Chap. »./ [This is not often ufed, ex-
cept by anatorailb, in zhtfrignlar.} The
upper or under part of a beaft's mouth.

Froth fills his cbafs, he fends a grunting faund,
vAnd part he chums, and part befoams the ground.

Dryilen.

The nether rtaf> in the male (kcleton is ha f an

inch broader than in th? female. Grrai'i Mujaum.

CHAPE, n. f. [chafpe, Fr.]

1. The catch of any thing by which it is
held in its place ; as the hook of a
fcabbard by which it flicks in the belt ;
the point by which a buckle is held to
the back (Irap.

This is Monfieur Parollcs, that had the whole
theory of the wir in the knot of his fcarf, and
..the praftice in the (hape of his dagger. Shakifpun.

2. A brafs or filver tip or cafe, that
ftrengthens the end of the fcabbard of a
fword . Phillifs's World of fVords.

CHA'PEL. »./. [capella, Lat.]

A cbaftl is of two forts ; either adjoining to a

church, at a parcel of the fame, which men of

worth build ; or elfe feparate from the mother

church, where the parift is wide, and is commonly

called a ctapcl o( e.'fe, becaufe it is built fur the

eafe of one or more pariOiioners, that dwell too f.ir

from the church, and is ferved by fomc infcriour

curat;, provided for at the charge of the reflor, or

of fuch as have beoelic by it, as the compofition or

cuftt^m is. CovjelK

She went in among thofe few trees, fo clofcd in

the cof s together, as they might feem a little cha-

fcU "^ S'idtuy.

Will yon difpatcl^us here under this tree, or

JhatI wc go with you to your cbapdT Zbaktfpearc*

Where tru:h erefleth her church, he helps crrour

to^rtar up a chaptl hard by. Honvrt.

AthiptlviWMbaWi witli large endowment. Dryil,

A free chafcl is fuch as is founded by the king

of England. Ay'.iffei Pan-rgoit.

'Cnfi.'9t.u.t», aJJ, [from <baft,'\ Wanting
a chape.

An old nifty fword, with a broken h'lt, and
€bapetffi, with two broken points. Sbahe(ptart*
Chape'llany. »./ [itom chapel. "[

A cbapdlany is uflially faid to be that which
does not f^bfift of itfelf, but is built and founded
within fame other church, and is dependent there-
on. Att'tfft^i Vartrron.

Cha'pelry. n. /. [from chapel.^ The
jurifdiflion or bounds of a chapel.

CHA'PERON. n.f. [French.] A kind of
hood or cap worn by the knights of the
garter in their habits.

I will omit the honourable habiliments, as robes
of Rate, parliimf nt robes, ebtptnni, and caps of
ftate* Camden,

Cha'pfaln. adj. [from chap andy^//7.]
Having the mouth ihrunk.

A cbaffaln bgaver loofely hanging b]r
The cloven helm. Drjdtit.

Cha*piT£R. n. f. [chapiteau, Fr.] The
upper part or capital of a pillar.

He overlaid their cbapiteri ?nd their fillets with
g*^d. Ex'^elui.

Cha'plajk. »./ [capellanus, Latin.]
I. He that performs divine fervicc in a
chapel, and attends the king, or other
perfon, fcr the inllrudion of him and
his family, to read prayers, and preach.

• CoivelL

C H A

' Wi/hing me to permit
John de la Court, my chaplain^ a choice hour,
To hear from him a matter of fome moment.

Shakijpeare,
ChapUin, away ! thy priefthood faves thy life.

Sbakefpeare,

2. One that officiates in domeltick wor-
fliip.

A chief governour can never fail of fomcworth-
lefs illiterate chaplain, fond of a title and p'cce-
dence. Swift.

Cha'plainship. n.f. [from chaplarn.']

1 . The office or bufinefs of a chaplain.

2. The pofleflion or revenue of a chapel.
Cha'pi.ess. adj. [from ckapJ] Without

any flelh about the mouth.

Now chapUJs, and knocked about the muzzard
witli a feiton's fpade. Shakcjpeari-

Shut me nightly in a charnel-houfc.
With reeky Ihanks and yeliow cbaplifs bones.

Sbaiifpiare,
Cha'plet. n.f. [chapeltt, Fr.]

1 . A garland or wreath to be worn about
the head.

Upon old Hyems' chin, and icy crown.
An od'rous cbapUt of fwect fummer's buds.
Is, as in mockery, fct. . Shakifpiari.

I ftrangely long to know.
Whether th<y nobler cbapUlt wear,
Thofe that their miftrcfs' fcorn did bear.
Or thofe that were us'd kindly. SMUng.

All the quire was grac'd
With cbeplcli green, upon their foreheads plac'd.

Vryden.
The winding ivy cbapitt to invade.
And folded fern, that your fair forehead fliade.

Vryden,
They made an humble cbaplet for the king.

5toi7>.

2. A firing of beads ufed in the Romilh
church for keeping an account of the
number rehearfed of paternofters and
ave-mari.-is. A different (oil q( chaplets
is alfo ufed by the Mahometans.

3. [In architefture.] A little moulding
carved into round beads, pearls, or
olives.

4. [In horfemanfhip.] A couple of ftir-
rup leathers, mounted each of them
with a llirrup, and joining at top in a
fort of leather buckle, which is called
the head of the cbaplet, by which they
are faflened to the pummel of a faddle,
after they have been adjuflcd to the
length and bearing of the rider.

Farrier'' 1 Dill.

5. A tuft of feathers on the peacock's head.
Cha'pman. 7t. f. [ceapman, Saxon.] A

cheapner ; one that offers as a purchafer.

Fair Diomcde, you do as (bapmen do,
Difprnlfe the thing that you intend to buy. Sbah.
Yet have they feen the maps, and bought 'cm
too.
And undcrfhnd 'cm as moll cbapmen do.

Ben yoTjUn,
There was a colIeSion of certain rare manu-
fcripts, exquiiitcly written in Arabick ; thefe were
upon fale Co the Jefuita at Antwerp, liquorlih (bap-
nun of fuch wires. JVotiin.
He dicC'cd t\vo, and carried them to Samos, as
the likelicd place for a chapman, L'EJIratigt.

Their cbapmen they betray.
Their (hops arc dens, the buyer i» their prey. Dryd,
Chaps, n.f. [from chap.]
I. The mouth of a beall of prey.

So on the downs wc fee
A haften'd hare from greedy greyhound go.
And part all hope, his ebapi to fruftratc fo. Sidney.
Open your mouth ; you cannot tell who's your
friend j open your cbafi a^ain. Shukejpeari,

C H A

Tlieir whelps at home expert the promis'd food,

And long tb temper their dry chapi in blood. Dryd-

2. It is ufed in contempt for the mouth of

a man.
Chapt. \ payticip. paff. [from T»
Cha'pped. 3 chap.\

Like a table upon which you may run your
/ingSr without rubs, and your nail cannot find
a joint J not horrid, rough, wrinkled, gaping, or
chapl. Bin Junjir!. ■

Cooling ointment made, *

Which on their fun-burnt cheeks and their fid^r
(kins they laid. Dryden'i Fablei.

Cha'pter. n.f. [chapitre, Fr. from capi-
tulum, Lat.]

1. A divifion of r. book.

The (irft book we divide into three feftions ;
whereof the firft is thefe three chaptcri.

BumiCi Theory,

If thefe mighty men at cbapter and verfe, can
produce then no fcripturc to overthrow our church
c;remonies, I will undertake to produce fcripcurn
enf^ugh to warrant them. Soutb,

2. From hence comes the proverbial phrafe,
to the end of the chapter ; throughtiut; to
the end.

Money does all things ; for it gives and it takes
away, it makes honeit men and knaves, fools and-
philofophers ; and fo forward, mutatis mutjjtdis, to
the erd cf the chapkr. m VEjirangr.

3. Chapter, from capituhm, fignifieth, in
our common law, as in the canon law,
whence it is borrowed, an affembly of
the clergy of a cathedral or collegiate
church. Coiuell.

The abbot takes the advice and confent of his
chapter, before he enters on any matters of import-
ance. ^ Addifin on Italy,

4. The place where delinquents receive dif-
cipline and correftion. Ayliffe^s Parer.

5. A decretal epiftle. AylifVs Parergon.

6. Chapter-houfe ; the place in which af-
femblies of the clergy are held.

Thougii the canonical conftituticn does ftriflly
require it to be made in the cathedral, yet it m.it-
ters not where it be made, cither' in the choir or
ehapler-heufc. Aybffe's Parer/ron.

Cha'ptrel. n. f. [probably from cha-
piter.] The capitals of pillars, or pi-
lafters, which fupport arches, commpnly
called imports.

Let the kcy(!oi.- break without the arch, fo
much as you pvojcdt over the jaums with the ebap-
trels, Mcxon*

Char. n.f. [of uncertain derivation.] A

fifh found only in Winander meer; in

Lancafhire.
To Cu AK.. 1/. a. [See Charcoal.] To

burn wood to a black cinder.
Spraywood, in charring, p.\rts into various

cracks. ffoodieard,

CHAR. //./. [c>Tine» work. Sax. L)r. It
is derived by Skinner, either from charge,
Fr. bufinefs ; or cape. Sax. care ; or
keeren, Dutch, to fweep.] Work dons
by t,he day ; a fingle job or tafk.

A meer woman, and commanded
By fuch poor palTion, as the maid that milks,
And does the mcane(t chars, Shakejpeare*

She, har\'eft done, to char work did afpire ;
Meat, drink, and twopence, were her daily hire.

Dryden,^

To Char, v, «. [from the noun.] To
work at others houfes by the day, with-
out being a hired fervant.

Cha'r-woman. n. f, [from thar and
•woman.] A woman hired accidentally
for odd works, or fingle days. •

P P » Get

C H A

Get three or four {bjr-wtmtn ti attend you
eonftintljr in the kitchen, whom you pay ouly
with the Cickea m»t, a I'evi cools, and all the
einiers. Swifi.

CHA'RACTER. ». / [charaSir, Lat.

Xa^-a.Tif.]

t. A marlf,; a. (lamp ; a reprefentacion.

In outward alio her refembling Ids
Hit image, who made both j and lefs exprelTing
The ihjrjUer of" that dominion giv'n
O'er other creatures> Puraiifi LcJI-

2. A letter ufcd in writing or printing.

But his neat cookery ! ■
He eat o ir roots in ctarallrrt. StaUfftart.

The purpnfe is perfpicuous, even as fubilance
Whofe groflncrs little charadirt fum up. Skateff.

It were much to be wiflied, that there were
throughout the world but one fort of chamber for
each letter, to exprefs it to the eye ; and that ex-
aft;y proportioned t» the natural alphabet formed
in the mouth. HcliUr's Eiemtnrs af Sfetcl;

3. The hand or manner of writing.

I f.iund the letter thrown in at the cafement of
roy clofet.— You know the chfiraStr to be your
brother's. Shaliffart.

4. A rcprcfentaticn of any man as to his
perlonal qualities.

Each dr. w tVir (haraEitrs, yet none
Of thefe they feign'd excels their own. Dnham.

Homer has excelled all tic heroick poets that
ever wro:e, in the multitude and variety of his
ekoraSttri ; every god that is admitted into his
poem, aAs a part which would have been fuit-
»Me to no other deity. /Uilifon.

5. An account of any thing as good or bad.

Ths fubtcrraneous paflage is m-jch mended,
CiKe Seneca gave fo bad a (barafler of it.

AM'fiiii on Italy.

6. The perfon with his affemblage of qua-
lities ; a perfonage.

In a tragedy, or epick poem, the hero of the
piece mud be advanced foremoft to the view of
the reader or fpeftator ; he rauft outfliine the reft
of all the charaHer:; he mud appear the prince of
them", like th« fun in the Copetnican fyftcra, en-
compalTeJ witli the lefs noble planets. Drydcn.

"J. Perfonal qualities ; particular conftitu-
tion of the mind.

Nothing fo true as what you once let fall,
Mqft women have no charjtliri at all. Pnfe.

8. Adventitious qualities impreffed by a
pod or office.

The chief honour of the jnagi (Irate confifts in
maintaining the dignity of his charaBcr by fuitable
anions. AlUrbury.

y'e Cha'racter. v. a. [from the noun.]
To infcribe ; to engrave. It feems to
have had the accent formerly on the
fecond fyllable.

Th;ft frw precepts in thy memory
See thou iharaffcr. Stalejfearr.

Shew mc one fear ch.ira£ier*d on thy Tttin. Sbak,
O Rofalind I thefe trees fhall be my books.
And In their barks ray thoughts I'll ebjr.iFJer,

Sbaitjptare,
The pleafing pnifoo
The vifaje (juite transforms of him that drinks.
And the inglnrlout likcncls of a beaft
Fixes inftead, unmouUlng reafon's mintage,
Charadtrd in the face. Afittcn.

Ch AR ACTERi'sTiCAL. aJj. [from fha-
raScrize.'] That which conllitutes the
charafter, or marks the peculiar pro-
perties, of any perfon or thing.

There are fcveral others that 1 take to have
l'.ta likcwife f;ich, to which yet ] have not vtn-
iJteJ to prefix that charaBinJIual JilVinaion.

ff^e^tizvarti on FtJpJt.

TW QilDiag<]u*lit<^ of an epick liero, his mag-
naninii'v, kit conllancy, hit I'atisnce, hi" piety, or

C H A

vhaterer ckaraStrlfka! virtue his poet glv*i him,
raifes our admiration. Drydai.

Characteri'sticalness. h. /. [from
cbarafftriflical.'] The quality of being
peculiar to a charafter; marking a cha-
rafter.

Char ACTERi'sTicK. »./. That which
conftitutes the charafler ; that which
dillinguifhes any thing or perfon from
others.

Thisvaft invention exerts itfelf in H9mer, in a
manner fuperiour to that of any poet ; it is the
great and peculiar charaBeriJIUk which diftinguiihes
him from all others. Pofr.

Char ACT ERi'sTiCK of a Logarithm.
The fame with the index or expcnent.

To Ch a'r ACTERiZE. V. o. [from cha-
railer. ]

1. To give a charafter or an account of
the perfonal qualities of any man.

It is fonic commendation that we have avoided
publickly to tbaraUer'tTU any perfoo, wirfiout long
experience. Swift.

2. To engrave, or imprint.

They nMy be called anticipations, prenotions,
or fentiments cla^-ccliriztd and engraven in the
foul, born with it, and growing up with it.

Hak's Oririn of Manhiiul.

3. To mark with a particular ftamp or
token.

There are faces not only individual, but gen-

tilitious and national j European, Afiatick, Chi-

nefe, African, and Grecian faces are charaflirized.

jlrhurhnot on Air.

Ch a'racterless.o.^". [from tbaraSer.']
Without a charafter.

Whin water-drops have worn the ftones of Troy,
And blind oblivion fwallow'd cities up,
And mighty ftates cberalitrlcfi are grated
To dufty nothing. Shakefpeari.

Cha'racterv. n. /. [from charaSer.']
Impreflion; mark; diftinflion: accented
anciently on the fecond fyllable.

Fairies ufc flowers for their cbaraHtry. Sbahffi.
All my engagements I will conftruc to thee.
All the rharailery of my fad brows. Shal:fftart.
Cha'rcoai,. «. /. [imagined by Skinner
to be derived from ehar, bufinefs ; but,
by Mr. iy, from '''' chark, to burn.]
Coal made by burning wood under turf.
It is ufcd in preparing metals.

Seacoal lafts longer than charcoal i and char-
coal of roots, being coaled into great piece', lafls
longer than ordinary charcoal. Bacon's Hat, Hift.

Love is a lire that burns and fparkles
In men as nat'rally as in charcoals.
Which footy chymifts Hop in holes,
When out of wood they extraft coals. Huilihras.

Is there who, lock'd from ink and paper, firrawls
With dep'ratc charcoal toani his darkened walls !■

Pofe.

Chard, it./, [charde, French.]

1, Chards of artichokes, are the leaves of
fair artichoke plants, tied and wrapped
up all over but the top, in ftraw, during
the autumn and winter ; this makes them
grow white, and lofe fome of their bit-
tcrnefs. Chambers.

2. Chards of beet, arc plants of white
beettranfplanted, producing great tops,
which, in the midH, have a large, white,
thick, downy, and cotton- like main
fhoot, which is the true chard, Mortimer.

To CHARGE. "J. a. [charger, Fr. cari-

cffre, Ital. from carrus, Lat.]
I. To entruft ; to comraiflion for a cer-

C H A

tain purpoTc : it .has with before tha
thing cntrulled.

And the captain ef the guard charged Jofeph
vi'uh them, and he fcrved them. Ctntfis.

What you have charged me luilb, that I have
done. , Shakeffrarc.

2. To impute as a debt: withan before
the debtor.

My father's, mother's, brother's death I pardon :
That "s fomcwhat fure ; a mighty fura ofjmurder.

II UMll

Of innocent and kindred blood ftruck on:

My prayers and penance (hall difcount for thefe,

And beg of Heav'n to riar^e^hc bill on me. Drfd,

3. To impute : with on before the perfon
to whom any thing is imputed. ,

No more accufe thy pen, but charge the crime
On native T.oth, and negligence of time. Drydcn,

It it eafy to account for the difficulties he charges
on the peripatetick doftrine. Locke.

It is not barely the ploughman's pains j the reap-
er's and threlher's to"il, and the baiter's fweat, is to
be counted into the bread we eat ; the plough, mill,
oven, or any other utenfils, muft all be charged on
the account of labour. » Lode,

Pcrverfe mankind ! whofe wills, created free.
Charge all their woes on abfolute decree ;
All to the dooming gods their guilt tranflate.
And follies are mifcall'd the crimes of fate. Pofe.-

We charge that vpun neceflity, wliich was really
defired and chofen. H^aits's Logkkt

4. To impute to, as coft or hazard.

He was fo great an encouragcr of commerce,
that hcciar^fiihimfelfwlth all the fea rifle of fuch
velTels as carried corn to Rome in winter.

Arhuihnot on Cains.

5. To impofe as a tafk : it has w//A be-
fore the thing impofed.

The g'lfpel chargeth us with piety towards God,
and juftice and charity to men, and temperance
and chaftity in reference to ourfelves. Tillotfin.

6. To accufe ; to cenfure.

Speaking thus to you, 1 am fo far from charging
you as guilty in this matter, that I can fincerely
fay, 1 believe the exhortation wholly needlefs.

ffake's Prifarathn for Death.

7. To accufe: it has <with before the crime.

And his angels he charged tvitb folly. Jci.

8. To challenge.

l"he prieft (hall charge her by an oath. Numbers,
Thou canft not, cardinal, devifc a aame

So (light, unworthy, and ridiculous.

To tharge me to an anfwer as the pope. Shakcff,

9. To command ; to enjoin.

I may not fuffer you to vifit them ;
The king hath ftriflly cberg'd the contrary. Sbak.
Why doft thou turn thy face ? I charge thee,
anfwer
To what I fliall enquire. Drydcei,

I charge thee, ftand.
And tell thy name, and bufinefs in tlic land. Dryd,

10. To fall upon; to attack.

With his prepared fwcrd he charges home
My unprovided body, lanc'd my arm. ShakeJ)).

The Grecians rally, and their pow'rs unite ;
With fury charge iis, and renew the fight, thjd.

11. To burden ; to load.
Here's the fi«eilof bkod ftill; all thcpcrfumei

of Arabia will not fweeten this littlc^hand. Oh !

oh ! oh ! What a figh is there I The heart is

forely charged. Shukeffeare,

When often urg'd, nnwllling to be greit.
Your country cills yon from your iov"d retreat.
And fends to fenates, charg'd with common care.
Which none more (huns, and none can better bear.

Dryden,

Meat fwalloweJ down for pleafure and greedi-
ncfs, only charges the t^omach, or fumes into the
brain. Temp/e.

A fault in the ordinary method of education, h
the charging of children's memories with rules and

precepts.

Locke,

The brief with weighty crimes was charg'd.
On whidi the pleader much calarg'd, S-.iifi.

12. To

■C H A

12. To cover with fomething adventitious.

It is pity the obdilks in Rome had not been
ibarged with fcveral parts of the Egyptian hifto-
ries, inflead of hieroglyphicks. Addifm n llalj.

13. To fix, as foi Sght. Obfolete.

He rode up and down, gallantly mounted, and
charged and difcb^rged his lance.

Kr.cUes'i Hifnry cf tht Turks.

14. To load a gun with powder and bullets.
To Charge. 1;. n. To make an onfet.

Like your heroes of antiquity, he charges in
jron, and Teems to defpife all ornament but intrin-
fick merit. Granville.

Charge. »./. [from the verb.]

1. Care; cuftody ; truft to defend.

A hard divilion, wtien the harralefs Iheep
Muft leave their lambs to hungry wolves in charge.

Fairfax*
He enquired many things, as well concerning
the princes which had the charge of the city,
whether they were in Iiope to drfcnd the fame.

KcilJa'i H:J}ory of the Turis.

2. Precept; mandate; command.

Saul might even lawfully have offered to God
thofe referved fpoils, had not the Lord, in that
particular cafe, given fpecial charge to the con-
trary. Hioker.

It is not for nothing, that St. Paul givcth charge
to beware of philofophy ; that is to fay, fuch know-
ledge as men by natural reafon attain unto. Hooker.

One of tlie Turks laiU down letters upon a llone,
faying, that in them was contained that they had
in charge. Knol'et.

The leaders having charge from you to ftand,
Will not go off until they hear you fpeak. Sbakrff.

He, who requires
From us no othfr fcrvice than to keep
This one, this eafy charge ; of all the trees
In Paradife, that bear delicious fruit
So various, not to taftc that only tree
Of knowledge, planted by the tree of life. Miltin.

3. Commiffion ; truft conferred ; office.

If large pofleflions, pompous titles, honourable
charges, and profitable commilfuns, could have
made this proud man happy, there would have
been nothing wanting, L'EJIrartge.

Go firft the matter ef thy herds to fin:'.
True to his charge^ a loyal Twain and kind. Pofn.

4. It had anciently iometimes o-ver before
the thing committed to truft.

I gave my brother charge cniir Jerufalem ; for
he was a faithful man, and feared Gnd abois
many. Nehemiah.

5. It has »/■ before the fubjedl of command
or truft.

Haft thou eaten of the tree,
Wl«r<o/" I gave thee charge thou ftiould'ft not ent ?

Milim.

6. It has upon before the perfon charged.

He loves God with all his heart, that ii, with
that degree of love, which is rhe higheft point of
our duty, and of God's charge i//>c« us.

T.tykr^i Rule cf Living Holy,

7. Accufation ; imputation.

We need not lay new matte; to his charge :
Beating your officers, curfing yourfelves. Hhakefp.

Thcfe very men are continually reproaching tie
clergy, and laying to their charge the pride, tiie
avarice, t!it luxury, the ignorance, and fuperftition
of p'ipifli times. Sivift.

S. The perfon or thing entrufted to the
care or management of another.

Why hatl thou, baun, broke the bounds pre-
fcrib-d
To thy tranfgrclTions, and difturb'd the charge
Of others ? Miluns Paradije Lojl.

More had he faid, but, fearful of her ftjy,
The ftirry guardian drove bis charge away
To fomc fiefli paflure. Dryden.

Our guardian angel faw them where they late
Above the palace of our (lumb'ring king;
He fijh'd, abaadooing his charge tj fate. Drydcn.

C H A

This part fliould be the governour's principal
care; that an habitual gracefulnefs and politencfs,
in all his carrlag?, may be fettled in his charge,
as much as may be, before he goes out of hia
hands, Lccke.

9. An exhortation of a judge to a jury,
or biftiop to his clergy.

The bilhop has recommended this author in
hi", charge to the clergy. Drydcn.

10. Expence ; coft.

Boing long lince made weary with the huge
charge wh'-ch you have l.rid upon us, and with the
ftrong endurance of fo many complaints.

Spenjer en IreLuid.

Their chargevrzs always born by tho queen, and
duly paid out of the excliequer.

B.TCon^s Al<vice to ViUicrs.

Witnefs this army of fuch mafs and chjrgc.
Led by a delicate and tender prince. Shakf^eare.

He liv'ii as k'ngs retire, though more at large.
From publickbufiners, yet of equal c/'ur^c Dryd.

11. It is, in later times, commonly ufed
in the plural, charges.

A man ought warily to begin charges, which,
once bCjjun, will continue. Baccn^s EJfays.

Ne'er put ysurfeif to charges, to complain
Of wrong which heretofore you did fuftain. Dryd.

The laft pope was at confiderable charges to
make a little kind of harbour in this place.

Aidijon on Italy.

12. Onfet.

And giving a charge upon their enemies, like
lions, they flew eleven thoufand footmen, and fix-
teen hundred horfemen, and put all the others to
flight. 1 Maccabees.

Honourable retreats are no ways infcriour to
brave charges ; as having lefs of fortune, more of
difcipline, and as much of valour.

Bacon^s V/ar iv'ixh Spain.

13. The fignal to fall upon enemies.

Our authar feems to found a charge, and be-
gins like the clangour of a trumpet. Drydtrr.

14. The pofture of a weapon fitted for the
attack or combat.

Their neighing courfers daring of the fpur.
Their armed llaves in cA^r^^, their beavers down.

Siaiifjieare.

15. A load, or burthen.

Alfcs of great charge. Sbikeffeare.

16. What any thing can bear.

Take of aqua-fortis two ounces, of qulck-filvcr
two drachitis, for that charge the aqua-fortis will
bear, the dilfolution will not bear a flint as big
as a nutmeg. Bacon.

1 7. The quantity of powder and ball put
into a gun.

18. Among farriers.

Charge is a preparation, or a fort of ointment of
the confidence of a thick decnftion, which is ap-
plied to the flioulder-fplaits, inflammations, and
fprains of horfes.

A charge Is of a middle nature, between an oint-
ment and a plafter, or between a plafter :md a ca-
taplafm. farrier's Dilt.

19. In heraldry.

The charge is that which is born upon the co-
lour, except it be a coat divided only by partition.

Pcacham.

Ch a'rgeabi. E. arij. [from c/5'ajyf. ]
I. Expenfive ; coftly.

Divers bulwarks were demolllhed upon the fea-
coafts, in peace chargeable, .inJ little ferviccable in
war. Hayward.

Neither did we eat any man's br^ad for nought,
but wrought with labour and travel night and day,
that we might not be chargeable to any of you.

2 Thcjalomjns.
There was another accident of the fame n.iturc
on the Sicilian fiHr, much more pleafant, but lefs
ch.irgcalie ; for it colt nothing but wir. py<,ii^n.
Confidcring the chaigeable methndi of their edu-
cation, their numerous iiTu:, and faiAil inccme, it

C H A

IS next to a miracle, that no more of their thil
dren fhould want. Atterbury^

z. Imputable, as a debt or crime: wither.

Nothing can be a reil'onabic ground of defpifmg
a man, but fome fault or other chargeable upon
Wwn. South.

3. Subjedl to charge or accufation; ac-
cuiable : followed by nuith. ••

Your papers would be chai geable ivith fomething
worfe than indelicacy j they would be immoral.

Spcflal'.r.
Ch a'rgeablen ESS. it./, [from charge-
aide.'] Expence ; coft ; coftlinefs.

That wliich moit deters me from fuch trIaU, Is

not their chargiahlenefs, but their unfatisfa£lori-

nef:;, though they Ihould fucceed. Bo-$U.

Ch a'rv3e ABLY. adv. SJ'iQim. chargeable .}

Expenfively ; at great coft.

He procured ic not with his money, but by his
wifjom ; nf't che'-rgeably bought by him^ but libe-
rally given by others by his means. '^Afeham.
CHA'acEFur, . adj. [charge and fuJI.^ Ex-
penfive ; coftly. Not in ufe.
Here 's the note
How much your chain wi'if hs to .he utmoft carat,
The finenefs of the gold, the chargeful fafliion.

ShakefpearfM

Cha'rger. n.f. \Jrom charge.^ A large
dilh.

Ali the tributes land and fea nfTnrds,
HcapM in great cbargeriy load uurl'umptuous boards.

Dertkavt*

This %o\Ae.t\ charger f fnatcH'd from burning Troy,

Anchiie^diJ in iacvjfice employ. DrjdeniAtnciJ,

Ev'n Lamb himfelf, at the moft folcmn fcaR,
Might have (omccbargers not cxa£lly drcfsM. iCi'-g*

Nor dare cliey clofc their eyes,
Void of a bulky charger near their lips,
With which, in ofccn interrupted flecp,
Their frying blo;»d compels to irrigati
Their dry furr'd tongues, PhV'ipu

C H a'r I L y . adv, [from chary m'I Warily ;
frugally.

Whit p:ipcr do you talcc up fo cbarVs ? ,Shoh-fp,

Cha'r I NESS. ff.y. [ frdm f /"rtr)- . ] Caution;
nicety ; fcrupuloulhefs.

I wiliconfentto ail any villany againft him, thaC
may not fully the ci'^mrtf/s of our honertv. Hhakefp*
CHA'RIOT. n.f. [car-rhod, Wellh, a
wheeled car, for it is known the Britons
fought in fuch ; charriot, Fr. carretta,
Ital.]

1. A wheel carriage of pleafure, or ftate ;
a vehicle for men rather than wares.

I'liy grand caprain Antony
Shall fct thee on triumphant chariots, and
Put garlands on thy head. Shakfpcare,

2. A car in which men of arms were an-
. cicntly placed.

He feims the liquid plains.
High on his chariot, and with loulen'd reins '
Majeftick r^oves along. D/ydiu's j^/ieid.

3. A lighter kind of coach, with only front
feats.

To Cha'riot. v. a. [from the noun.] To
convey in a chariot. This wc,-ti is rarely
ufcd.

An an?cl all in (lames afccndcd,
As in a fiery column charioting
His godlike prcfcnce. Mili.n'i Sampfcn Agon'ifles.

Chariote'er. it.f. [horn chariot.] He
that drives the chariot. It is ufed only
in fpeaking of military chariots, and
thofe in the ancient public games.
The gafping charioteer beneath the wheel
Of his own car. • Drydrn's Tatles^

Thf burning chariot, and the charlotier.
In biijjlit Bootci and his wans upp-'iir.

ylJ.lifon on Italy.
Show

C H A

C H A

C H A

Show SI the yeuchfat han^rame ehMttftr,
Firm in his feat, and running hi« cireer. Prm.
Chariot race. h. f. [from chariot &nA.
raei.'\ A fport anciently ufed, where
chariots were driven for the prize, as
now horfes run.

There is a wonderful vigour and fpirlt in the
defcriptjon of the liorfe and charht race, jijdljon.

Cha'ritable.^i^'. \_cbaritabk, Fr. from
chariti.']

1 . Kind la giving alms ; liberal to the
poor.

He that hinders a citrilabU perfon from giving
alms to a poor man, it tied to reftitution, if he hin-
dered him by fraud or violence. Taylor' t Uily L'n>.

Shortly thou wilt behold me poor, and.kneelinj
Before thy itaritat/e door for bread. Rmat.

How ihill we ihen wifti, that it mightbc allowed
us to live OTcr our Iivc3 again, in order to fill every
minute of them with cbaritatic offices ! Atttrhurj,

Health to himf':lf, and to his infants bread,
The lab'rer bears s what his hard heart denies.
His char'ittthle vanity fupplics. Pope.

2, Kind in judging of others; difpofcd to
tenderoefs ; benevolent.

How had you been my friends elfe ? Why have
^'ou that tharitahU title from thoufands, did you not
chiefly belong to my heart ? Stakcjp. Tiircn,

Of a politick fermon that had no divinity, the
king faid to bifhop Andrews, Call you this a fer-
mon } The bilhop anfwcrcd. By a charitaile con-
ftrudion it mty be a fermon. Saccn.

■Ch a'ritably. aJv. [from cliarify.l
J. Kindly; liberally; with inclination to
help the poor.

2. Benevolently ; without malignity.

Nothing will more enable us to bear our crofs
patiently, injuries charitahiyi aid the labour of re-
ligion comfortably. Taylor.

"Tis beft fometimes your cenfure to reflrain.
And cbariiably let the dull be vain. Pope.

jCHA'RITY. a. /. [chariti, Fr. charitas,

Lat.]
I . Tentdernefs ; kindnefs ; love.

By thee.
Founded in reafnn, loyal, ju{l, and pure,
Relations dear^ and all the charities
Of father, fon, and brother, firft were known.

Milrcn.

a.. Goodwill ; benevolence ; difpofition to
think well of others.

My errouts, I hope, are only thofe of charity to
mankind j and fuch as my own charity has caufed
ine to commit, that of others may more ealily ex-
cafe. Drfden.

3. The theological virtue of univerfal fove.

Concerning ciijc:/)-, the final oljeft whereof is
that incomprehenfible beauty which (hineth in the
countenance of Chrilt, the Son of the living Cr^.

liocktr.

Peace, peace, for fliamc, if not for charity.—
^Urge neither charity nor (hamc to me ;
Vocharitably with me have vou dealt. Shakrfpeare.

Only' add
Deeds to thy knowledge anfwerable; add faith,
Add virtue, patience, temperance j add lov^
Sy name t« come cali'd charity, the foul
■Ofall the reft. Mihoi.

Faith believes the revelations of Cod j hopcrx-
pefls his promlfea ; charity lovej his cxcelli-ncies
and mercies. Tityhr.

But lading ^.ftuW/y's mnrc ample fway.
Nor bound by time, nor fubjcft to decay,
In happy triumph Ihall for ever hve. Prior.

Charity, or a love of God, »-hich works by a love
of our neighbour, is greater than faith or hope.

Allerhury.

4. Liberality to the poor.

The heathrn poet, in commending the charity
«r Dido to the Trojans, fpokciikc a chrifiian.

Dryicn.

5. Alms; relief given to the poor.

We muft incline to the king; I will look for
him, and privily relieve him; go you and maintain
talk with the duke, that my charity be not of him
perceived. Shakefpeare.

The ant did well to reprove the grafthopper for
her flathfulnefij but <he did ill then to refufc her
a charity in her diftrefs. L'tfiratt^e.

I never had the confidence to beg a charily. Dryd.

To Chark. 11. a. To burn to a black
cinder, as wood is burned to make char-
coal.

Excefs either with an apoplexy knocks a man
on the head, or with a fever, like lire in a ftrong-
. water Ihop, burns him down to the ground ; or, if
it flames not out, charkt him to a coal.

Grenu'i C''Jrtioiogia Sacra.

CHA'RLATAN. «./ [ctarJatan.pT.ciar.

letatio, Ital. from ciarlare, to chatter.]

A quack ; a mountebank ; an empirick.

Saltimbanchocs, quackfalvers, and charl^it^tisy

deceive them in lower degrees. Brov^ns ^f^S' ^rr.

For charlatans can do nQ good.

Until they're mounted in a crowd. Hudiiras.

Charlata'nic k\..adj. [from chaiiatan.'\
Quackifh ; ignorant.

A cowardly fotdier, and a charlatattUal do^or,
are the principal fubjet£l:> of comedy. Coivley.

Ch a'rl AT ANRY. n.f. [frO'n^cbarlatan.'\
Wheedling ; deceit ; cheating with fair
words.

Charlbs's-waIn. n.f. The northern
conftellation, called the Bear.

There are feven ftars in Urfa minor, and in

Charles' t-wain, or Plauftrum of Urfa major, fcvcn.

Brcnvtt^s Vulgar Errdtjrs.

Cha'rlock. «.y! A weed growing among
the com with a yellow flower, li is a
fpecies of Mithridate muilard.

CHARM, n.f. [charme, Fr. carmen, La-
tin.]

1. Words, or philtres, or charafters, ima-
gined to have fome occult or unintelli-
gible power.

I never kncvk- a woman fo dote upon a man ;
furely I think you have charms. Not I, I af-

fure thce^ fetting the attraction of my good parts
afide, 1 have no other charms. Shatefpcarr.

There have been ufed, either barbarous words,
of no fenfe, left they ftiould difturb the imagina-
tion j or worlds of fimilitude, that may fcconJ and
feed the imagination : and this was ever as well
in heathen charms, as in charms of later times^

Bacont

Alcyone he names amidft his pray'rs.
Names as a charm againft the waves and wind,
Moll in his mouth, and ever in his mind. Bryden.
Ant^us could, by magick charms.

Recover ftrength whene'er he fell. S-w'ift.

2. Something of power to fubdue oppofi-
tion, and gain the affedions; fomething
that can pleafe irrefiftibly.

Well founding vc.fcs aiV the charm we ufe,
Hcr«ick thoughts and virtue to infufe. Rojcommon.

Nor ever hope the queen of love
Will e'er thy fav'rite's tbarms improve. Pri^/r.

To fam'd Apelles when young Amnon brought
The darling idol of his captive hcnrt ;
And the ple.is'd nymph with kind attention fat,
To have her cl\irms recorded by his art. IValUr.

But what avail her uncxhaiiftcd (lores.
Her' blooming mountains, and her funny ihores.
With all the gifts that heaven and earth impart,
The fmilcs of nature, and the riiormi nf art,
While proud opprcfliin in her vallies reigns.
And tyranny ulurps her happy plains? AdSiJon.

'7i Charm, 'v. a. [from the noun.)
I. To foKify with charms againft evil.

Let fall thy blade on vulnerable crefts;
I bear a charmed life, which mall not yield
To one of woman bwn. Shake/peart-

2. To make powerful by charms.

3. To fummon by incantation.
' Upon my knees

I charm yoo by my once commended beauty.
By All your vows of love, and that great vow
Which did incorporate and make us one. Sbaktff,

4. To fubdue by fdme fecret power ; to
amaze ; to overpower.

1, in mine own woe charm' J,
Could not find death, where I did hear him groan ;
Nor feel him where he ftruck. Shateffearet

Mufick the fierccft grief can .'£<:/•«. Pofe>

5. To fubdue the mind by pleafure.

'Tis your graces
That from my muteft coufcience to my tongue'
Charms this report out. Hhaktjfiart,

Amoret ! my lovely foe.
Tell me where thy (Irengtli does I'e :
Where the pow'r that charms us fo.
In thy foul, or in thy eye ? Waller,

Charm by accepting, by fubmitting fway. Pope,
Chloe thus the foul alam'd,
Aw'd without fenfe, and without beauty charm' J.

Pope.
Cha'rmed. adj. Enchanted.

Arcadia was tlic ctarmcd circle, where all bis
fpirits for ever fliould be enchanted. Sidney,

■*" We implore thypowerful hand.
To uado the iharmd band .
Of true virgin here diftrelfeJ. Miltm,

Cha'rmer. »./ [ftom cbarnt.']

1. One that has the power of charms or
enchantments.

That handkerchief
Did in Egyptian t> my mother give;
She was a charmer, xni could almoft read
The thoughts of people. Shakefpeare,

The paflion you pretended.

Was only to obtain ;
But when the charm is ended.

The fi^rrw^r you difdain. Dryden,

2. Word of endearment among lovers.

C H a'r M I N G i particip. adj. [from charm."]
Pleafing in the higheft degree.

For ever all goodnefs will be clarmiHg, for ever
all wickeJncfs will be moft odious. " Spratt.

O charming youth ! in the firll op'ning page.
So many graces iu fo gretn an age. Dry^ai,

Cha'rmingly. ad'V. [from charming.]
In fuch a manner as to pleafe excecd-
Jngly.

She fmiied very chariK'mgty, anti difcovered as
fine a fet of teeth as ever eye beiuld. Addifin.

Ch a'rmingn Bss. u./. [from chL^n/iitig.]
The power of pleating.

Cha'rkel. adj. [chara;!, Fr.] Contain-
ing flefli, or carcaffes.

Such are ihofe thick and gloomy /hadowsdamp.
Oft found in riarre/ vaults and.fepulcbres
Ling'ring, and fitting by a new fr.i;e grave. Miit,

Ch a'rnel-house. >i. /. [chamicr. Ft.
from ceirc, carnisi Latin.] The place
under churches wliere the bones of the
dead arc repoAted.

\i ctarnel-boujes and our graves mull fend
Thofe, that v*'e bury, back; our minuments
Shall be the maws of kites. Sbahrj'peart,

When they were in thofe ckarr.tl-bcufet, every
one was placed in order, and a biack pillar or cotiin
fet by him. Taylor.

CHART, n.f. [charta, Lat.] A deline-
ation or map of coalls, for the ufe of
failors. It is diftinguifhed from a map,
by reprefeutiiig only the coafls.

The Poituguefc, when they had doubled the
Cape of Good Hope, fousd flcilful pilots, ufm^

aftronomical

C H A

C H A

C H A

tAronomical iBftrumcnts, geographical th*rti, and
compafTc:. Arikthno!.

Cha'rtbr. h. /. [ckarta,,hanvi.'\
I . A charter is a written evidence of things
done between nr. n and man. Cbnrttrs
are divided into charurs of the king,
and charter! of private perfons. Charters
of the king are thofe, whereby the king
paffeth any grant to any perfon or more,
or to any body politick : as a charter of
exemption, that no man (hall be em-
pannelled on a jury ; charter of pardon,
whereby a man is forgiven a felony, or
other offence. Coweil.

z. Any writing beftowing privileges or
rights.

If yju deny it, let the danger light
Upon your charter , and your city's freedom. Shji,

It is not to be wondered, thjt tiie great darter
whereby God beftowcd the whole earth upon Adam,
and confitmed it unto the Tons of N(>ah, being a>
brief in word as lai^c in cHedl, hath bred much
quarrel of interpretation, Raleigh^s EJffayi,

^cre was that charter feal'd, wherein the crown
All marks of arbitrary power lays down. Denham,

She ihalces the rubbiih from her mounting brow.
And fcemt to have renew'd her ctarter^s date,
\Vhich beav'itiwill to the death of time allow.

Dry den.

God renewed this charter of man's foveieignty
over the creatures. Sutth.

3. Privilege; immunity; exemption.

I mull have liberty,
Withal as large a charter as the wind.
To blow on whom 1 picafe ; for fo fools have ;
And they that are moft galled with my folly,
They moll mud laugh. Sh»keffiare.

My mother,
Who has a charter to extol her blood,
When die iloes praifc me, grieves me. Shakefp.
Charter-party. »._/.' [chartre partie,
Fr.] A paper relating to a contradl, of
which each party has a copy.

Chtirfer-f>artieit or contrails, made even upon the
high fra, touching things that are not in their
own nature maritime, belong not to the admiral's
jurifdi^ion. Hate

Cka'rtered. ae^J. [from chcjrter.'] In-
vefted with privileges by charter ; pri-
vileged.

When he fpeaks
The air, a ch::rter'd libertine, is liill. Slakifp.

Cha'ry. aiij. [from care.'\ Careful; cau-
tious ; wary ; frugal.

Over his kindred he held a wary and chary
care, which bountifully was exprefled, when oc-
calion fo required. Carc^o^i Survey uf Ci/rtrwaU.

The charieji maid is prodigal enough,
' If flie unmafk her beauty to the moon. Sbakeft,

To CHASE, -v. a. {chaffer, Fr.]
I. To hunt.

It (hall be as the chafed roe. Jfaiah.

Mine enemies chafed me fore like a bird.

Lifmentatlotii*

J. To purfue as an enemy.

And Abimelcch chafed him, and he fled before

him. Jndgei,

Ooeofyou Ihallritf/iratboafand. Deutcnnemy.

3. To drive away.

He that ehafitb away bi> mother, U a fon that
caufeth Ihame. Previrts.

4. 'J'o follow as a thing defirable.
J. To drive.

Thus chafed by their brother's endlefi malice
from prince to prince, and from place to place,
they, for their fafety, fled at lall to the city of
Bifennis. Kmllii'i fiiftery of the Turks.

When the following morn had ehat'd away
The flying ftars, and light reftor'd the day, Dryd.

ToCuAiiMttalt. See 7(1 Enchase.

CiiAtE. »./ [from the verb.]

I. Hunting ; as, the pleafures of the cha/e.

z. Purfuit of any thing as game.

Whllft he was haft'ning in the chafe. It feems,
Of this fair couple, meets he on the way
The father of this feeming lady. Shakefpeare.

There is no chafe more pkafant, methinks,
than to drive a thought, by good conduit, from
one end of the world to another, and never to lofe
fight of it till it fall into cterrNty.

Burnet's Theory of the Earth.

3. Fitnefs to be hunted ; appropriation to
cha/e or fport.

Concerning the beafts of chafe, whereof the buck
is the firft, he is called the firft year a fawn. Shak.

A maid 1 :im, and of thy vitgin train ;
Oh 1 let me Uili tJiat fpotlefs name retain.
Frequent the forefts, thy chafte will obey,
And only make the beails of chafe my prey. Dryd.

4. Purfuit of an enemy, or of fomething
noxious.

The admiral, with fuch Ihips only as could fad-
dcnly be put in readinefs, made forth with them,
and luch as came daily in, ws fet upon them, and
gave them cbaf. Baan.

He fallied out upon them with certain troops of
horfemen, with fuch violence, chat he overthrew
them, and, having them in chafe, did fpoed/ exe-
cution. Krtollci't titflsry of the Turks.

They feek that joy, which ot'd to glow
Expanded on the hero's face.

When the thick fquadrons ptefs'd the foe.
And William led the glorious eh.tfe. Prior.

5. Purfuit of fomething as defirable.

Yet this mxS chaje of fame, by (eve purfued,
Has drawn deltruilian on the multitude.

Dryden't Juvenal.

6. The game hunted.

She, feeing the towering of her purfued chafe,

went circling about, riling fo with the Icfs fenfe of

% rifing. Sidney,

Hold, Warwick ! feek thee out fomc other chafe,

For I myielf mud put this deer to death. Shak.

Honour 's the noblcft chaje ; purfue that game,

AJQ recompenfe the lof« of love with fame.

Craftvilte.

7. Open ground ftored with fii'ch bealts as
arc hunted.

A receptacle for deer and game, of a middle na-
ture between a fored and a park ; being commonly
lefs than a fored, and not endued with lo many
liberties ; and yet of a larger compati^ and llorcd
with greater diverlity of game, than a park. A
chafe dift'ers from afored in thii, becaufe it may
be in the hands of a fubjeil, which a fored, in its
proper nature, cannot: and from u park, in that it
is not inclofed, and hath not only a larger compafs,
and more dorej)f game, but likcwife more keepers
and overfeers. Covjell,

He and his lady both are at the lodge.
Upon the north fide of this pleafant chafe. Shak.

8. The Chase of a gun, is the whole bore
or length of a piece, taken withinfide.

Chambers.
Chase-gun, n. f. [from chafe and^a;?.]
Guns in the forepart of the fliip, fired
upon thofe that are purfued.

Mean time the Belgians tack upon our rear.
And raking chafe-guns through our Hern they fend.

Dry den.

Cha'ser, n.f. [from chafe. ^

1 . Hunter ; puriuer ; driver.

Then began
A flop 1' th' chafer, a retire ; anon
A rout, confufion thick. Sbakeffeare.

So fad he flies, that his reviewing eye
Has loft the chafers, and his car the cry. Denham.

Strctch'd on the lawn, his fecond hope furvcy,
At once the chafer, and at once the prey I
Lo, RuFus, tugging at the deadly dart.
Bleeds in the fored lilte a woundcd hatt ! Pope.

2. An enchafer.

Chasm, ti.f. [xA'^i^"-!
I , A breach unclofed ; a cleft ; a gap ;
an opening.

In ail that vifible corporeal world, we fee no
ehafms or gaps. Locke.

The water of this orb communicates with that
of the otean, by means of certain hiatufes or
■ehafms palling betwixt it and the bottom ot the
ocean. fVoodtvard*

The ground adud her riv'n mouth difparts,
Hoirible r£'c_^ / profound. Philipt*

z. A place unfilled ; a vacuity.

Some lazy ages, loft in cafe,
* No a£tion leave to bufy chronicles ;
Sucli, whofe lupice felicity but makes
In dory r;!ia/i>ij, in cpochas midakes. Dryden.

CHJ'SSELJS. n.f [French.] A fort of

grape.
CHASTE, adj. [chafe, Fr. cafus, Lat.]

1 . Pure from all coThmerce of fexes ; as, a
cbnfe virgin.

Diana cbafie, and Hebe fair. Prior,

2. With ■ refpefl to language, pure; un-
corrupt ; not mixed with barbarous
phrafes.

3. Free from obfcenity.

Among wolds which lignify the fame principal
ideas, fjme are clean and decent^ others unclean ;
fomt- cbafie, others obfccne. Watts' s LogiH,

4. True to the marriage bed.

Love your children ; be difcreet, cbafie, keepers
at home. Titus,

Chaste-tree. ». y; [W/fr, Lat.]

This tree will grow to be eight or ten feet
high, and produce fpikes of flowers at the extre-
mity of every drong ihoot in autumn. Miller,
To Cha'sten. v. a. \chaflier, Fr. cafigo,
Lat.] Tocorreft; to punifh ; to mor-
tify,

Cbaflcn thy fon while there is hope, and let not
thifoul fpa.e lor his crying, Prmierhs,

I follow thee, fafe guide ! the path
Thou Icad'd me ; and to the hand of hcav'n

fubmit,
However chafi'mng. Miltoii't Paradife Lofi,

. Some feel the rod.
And own, like us, the father's chafi'riing hand.

Rtnoe,
From our lod purfuit die wills to hide
Her clofe decrees, and chaflen human pride. Prior,

\,To CHASTI'SE. -J. a, [cafigo, Lat. an-
ciently a«cented on the firft fyllable,
now on the laft,]

1 , To punilh ; to correal by punifhment ;
to afHift for faults.

My bread I'll burft with draining of my courage,
But 1 will chafiife this high-minded drumpet.

Shakefpeare,

I am glad to fee the vanity or envy of the cant-
ing chymido thus difcovered unA chaflifld, Boyle,

Seldom is the world affrighted or chaflifed with
figns or prodigies, earthquakes or inundations, fa-
mines or plagues. Grew' sCoftiologia Sacra,

Like you, commilTion'd to chafiife and blefs,
He mud avenge the world, and give it peace. Prior,

2, To reduce to order, or obedience; to
reprefs : to reftrain ; to awe.

Hie thee hither,
- That I may pour my fpirits in thine car.
And chafiife, with the valour of my tongue,
All that impedes thee. Shatcfpeare,

Know, Sir, that I
Will not wait pinion'd at your mader's court.
Nor once be chaflis'd with the fober eye
Of dull Oftavia. Shakeffeare.

The gay focial fenfe
By decency chaflis'd. Thomfon.

Chasti'sement. ». /. [chafiment, Fr.]
Correction ; puniihment ; commonly.

though

C H A

C H A

CHE

thcBgh not aUvnya, ufed ofdomefUck or
partinral puniAimcnc.

ihi'A I fu inud) (Jiilirnour my fair ilart*
On c^uJi ccrnis to give hi.n cbcf!'jtmint f StaJicffi*

He held the iKJUintnt of one, which moleltcd
die fee of Rome, pliiafixg to Cod. Raltiih'i Ejpiys.

For fev^n years uhut can a child be guihy of,
but lying, or ill-natured Cricki * the lepeatrd com-
miflion »t u'hich Ibail bring him to the cbcjl'tjcment
of the ro^t* Locke,

He rcce.vfs a fit of ficknefs as the kind tbaflift-
w.'rt and difciplinc ol his heavenly Father, to wean
his i'ftVaions from t!.« «-orld. Batlty.

Cha';tity. n. /. [cajlitas, Liit.]
1. Purity of the body.

Who can be bound by any folemn vow
To force a fpotlef* virgin's chafl'uy T Stakcfftart.

dijjlity is either ibiiinence or continence : ab-
fliTiencc is that of virgins or widows ; continence,
of married perfans : chjftc marriages are honour-
ai^ie 4rd pleafmg to God. TayUr*

Ev'n Irfre, where frozen chajiiiy retires.
Love fiRds an al ar for forbidden fires. - Popt,

t. Freedom from o'ofcenity.

1 hrrc is n ^t ctj/!iiy enough in language.
Without ofTencf t'-» utiertlum. Sbak* Much jido,

3. Freedom from bad mixture of any

kind; purity of language, oppofcd to

barbarilins.
CriASTi'sKR. n. /. [from chafti/e.'] The

perfon'that chalUlci ; a puniflier ; a

correftor.
Cha'stely./ii/i;. [from cbajie,'\ Without

incontinence ; purely ; without conta-

minatiou.

You Ointtld not pafs here; no, though it were
at virtuous to lie as to live chaptly, Shalitfftart.

Make firit a long of joy a^ lovi^
■Wliich (hajiily flame in r-iyal eyes. Jfuisit.

Succt-'jii 'n of a long dcfi.ent,
Wl.icli ih,!jlily in the channels ran.
And from our demi-gods began. DryJcn.

Cha'stness. n.f. [from f A«/?^.] Chafti-
ty ; purity.

Tf Chat, -ask-n. [from caqueter, Fr. Skin-
ner ; perhaps from a<hat, purchafe or
cheapening, on account of the prate
naturally produced in a bargain ; or
only, as it is moft likely, contrafted
from chatter.] To prate ; to talk idly ;
to prattle ; to cackle ; to chatter ; to
«onverfc at e.ife.

'i\\\a chatien the people in their fteads,
Vlike as a moiiftcr of many he«-!s. Sptnjer,

Bccaufc that I familiarly fonietimes
Do uf; yoU for my fool, and chat with you.
Your faucinrfswiil jcft upon my love. Stakrjfeare.

The niepherds on the lawn
Sat fimply tkatihrg in a niftick row. MUl'>n,

With much good-will the motion was cmbrac'd,
To ctet « while on their adventures pafs'd. Dryd,

To Chat. i'. a. To talk of. Not in ufe,
unlefs luJJcroufly.

All tongues ipcak of him, and the bleared fights
Arc fpeiliclcd to fee him. Vour pra;.ling niwfc
Into a rapture lets her baby cry,
'While /he tiati him. Shaiifpcan.

t^HAT. n.f. [from the verb.] Idle talk ;
prate ; flight or negligent tattle.

Lords, that can prate
As amply and unnecedarily •

As this Gonialo, I myfelf vrould mAe
A chough of as' drep chat, Sbaktf^fare,

The time between before the fire they fat,
And (horten'd the delay by pleafing ckat. Drydcn.

The leaft is good, far greater than the tiikllrg
of h.» palate with a glafs of wine, or the idle (ha!
of J foaking club. Lk\i.

Snuff, or the fan, fupplies each paufe of chat,
"With fioging; lauf iiing, ogling, and all tlMt< Pcfi,

7

Chat. n.f. The keys of trees are called
ibats ; as, alh cbati.

Cha'tellany. n. J. \chuuUnie, Fr.]
The dillrii^ under the dominion of a
caftle.

Here are about twenty towns and forti of great
imporunce, with their chaldlaniti and dependen-
cies. Drydtn.

Cha'ttel. «, / [See Cattle.] Any
moveable pofTcffion : a term now fcarce
ufed but in forms of law.

Nay look not big, nor ftaiDp> nor- dare, nor
fret;
I will be mafter of what is mine own ;
She is my goods, my chattels. Sbateffeare.

Honour's a leafe for lives to come.
And cannot be extended f/om
The legal tenant j 'tis a cbattle
Not to be forfeited in batlc. IJudihrat.

To CHA'TTER. -v. n. [caqueter, Fr.]

1. To make a noifc as a pie, or other
unharmonious bird.

Nightingales feldom fing, the pie ftill cbatleretb.

^ Sidney.

So doth the cuckow, when the mavis lings.

Begin his witlcfs note apjcc to chatter. Sfirfir.

There was a crow fat cbatter'wg upon fhc iiack

of a (heep : 'Well, firrah, fays the Iheep, you durft

not have done this to a dog. L'Eftratge.

Your birds of knowledge, that in dulky air
'Cbiitfcr futurity. Orydcr..

2. To make a noife by coUifion of the
teeth.

Stood Theodore furpris'd in dcidly fright,
With chtti'r'wg teeth, and briftling hair upright.

Drydcn.
Dip but your toes into cold water.
Their correfpondent teeth will clatter. Prior.

3. To talk idly or carelcfly.

^uflVr no hoar to pals away in a hay idlencfs,
an impertiiKnt ebatieriitg, or ufelef^ trifles.

JVatis'i L'.giik.

Cha'tter. «. / [from the verb.]

1. Noife like that of a pie or monkey.

The mimick ape be^an his chatter.
How eW tongues his life befpattcr.. Swift.

2. Idle prate. '

Cha'tterer. n.f. [from cbaiter.] An
■ idle talker ; a prattler.
Cha'twood. »._/; Little flicks; fuel.
Cha'vender. »./ {cheveftie.Yi.] The
chub : a iilb.

Thefc are a choice bait for the chub, or cha-
vender, or indeed any great fifli. K'altcni jirgier.

CHAUMOKTE'LLE.n.f [Frencii.] A

fort of pear.
To CHAW. 'V. a. [kaiveit. Germ.] To
champ between the teeth j to mafticatc ;
to chew.

I home returning, fraught with foul dcfpight,
And chawing vengeance all the way I went.

Sfrenfer^s Fairy Slueen,

They come te «s, but us love draws ;

He fwallows us, and never ttva'j 5

' He is the tyrant pike, ;ind vvc the fr)'. Donne.

Whether he fuund any ufe of tbatL'inr littic

fponges, dipt in oil, in his mouth, when lie was

perfeflly undjjr water, and at a tlillance from his

engine. Biy/e.

The man who lauglit but once to fee an afs
Mumbling to make the crofs-grain'J thiliks pafs.
Might laugh again, to fee a jury chaw
The prickles of unp.1l itable law. Dryden.

Chaw. n.f. [from the verb.] The chap ;
the upper or under part of a beaft's
mouth.

I will turn thcc bick, and put hooks into thy
eba^ci, anil will bring thee forth and all thine
am>;. MacUel.

ChaVorok. «f. / Entrails.

Add thereto a tyger's cLaivdm,
For the ingredknCs of our cauldron. Shrtkeffturit

CHEAP, aclj. [ccapan, Sax.koopeH, Dutch,
to buy.]

1. To be had at a low rate; purchafed
for a fmall price.

Where there are a great many fellers to a few
buyeis,. there the thing-to be fold will be ebcaf.
On the other fijr, ra;fe up a gieat many buyers
for a few fellers, and tlie fame thing will imme.
diately turn dear. Lock/.

2. Of fmall value ; eafy to be had ; not
rcfpeflcd.

The goodnefs, that ia cheap in beinty, makei
beauty brief in giwditefs. Sbakiffeare.

Had I fu Uvifh of myprefence been.
So common hackncy'd in the eyes of men,
So flale and cheap to vjlgar company. Sbakefpeare.

He that is too much in any thing, fo that he
givetli jnother ccafion of focictj-, maketh himfelf
cheap. Bacon.

May your fick fame ftiU languilh till it die,
And you grow ibcnp in every fuojcil's eye. Dryden.

The titles of diltinclion, which belong to us,
are turned into terms of dcriiion, and every way ia
taken, by profane men, towards rendering us cheep
and contemptible, jitteriury.

Cheap, n.f. [cheping is an old word for
market; whence Mafcbeei]), Cheapfn'e.]
Market ; purchafe ; bargain : as, good
cheap, a bon marche, Fr.

The fame wine which we pay fo dear for
now-a-days, in that good worM was very good
cheap. ' Sidney.

It is many a man's c^fe to tire himfeif oat
with hunting afcir that abroad, which he carri s
about him ail tlie while, and may have it better
cheap at home. L'EJIrange.

Some few infulttng cowards, who love to vapour
good cheap, may trample on thofe who give leaft
refinance. Decay of Piety.

TIiChe'apen. t. a. [ccapan, Sax. to
buy.]

1 . To attempt to purchafe ; to bid for
any thing ; to alk the price of any com-
modit}'.

Rich (he fhall be, that 's certain ; wife, or I 'II
none : virtuous, or 1 '11 never cheapen her. Sbak.

The firft he cheapened was a Jupiter, which
would have come at a very eafy rate. L^EJIrangc.

She dipt fometimes to Mrs. Thody's,
To cheapen te.u Prior.

'lo (hops in crosvds the daggled females fly.
Pretend to cheapen goods, bu; nothing buy. Swifts

2. To leflcn value.

My hopes purfuc a brighter diadem.
Can any brighter than the Roman be ?
I find my pro(5er'd love has cheapen d me. Dryden,

Che'aply. adv. [from cheap.] At a
fmall price ; at a low rate.

By ih."li: 1 fee
So great a day as this is cheaply bought. Shakefp.
Blood, rapines, mafTacres, were cheaply bought.
So mighty rccompencc your l>c.iury brought. Dryd.

Che'apness. n.f. [from riiw/.] Low-
nefs of price.

Ar.ciciit Oatutes incite merchant-ftrangers to
bring in commedities ; having for end cbetpnefi.

Bacon.

The difcredit which is grown upon Ireland, has
been the great diftouragement to other nat'ons to
tranfplant themfi-lves hither, and prevailed farther
than all the invitations which the cbeapjieh and
plenty of tV.c country has made them. 'timple,

Che ar. See Cheer.

To CHEAT, -v. a. [of uncertain deriva-
tion ; probably from acheter, Fr. to pur-
chafe, alltuling to the tricks ufed in
makiog bargains. Sec the noun.]

». To

CHE

1, To defraud ; to impofe upon ; to trick.
It is ufed commonly of low cunning.

It. is a dangerous commerce, where an honeft
nan is furs at firll of being cheateJ ; and he reco-
Tcrs not liis lofles, bw by learning to cbwt others.

Dry den,

Theri are people who find that the mod cft'ec-
tual way to cbeat the people, is always to pretend
to infaUible cures. TUhtfrn.

2. It has o/" before the thing taken away
by fraud.

I that am cartail'd of man's fair proportion,
Cbealed ef fettmt by diflembljng nature,
Deform'd, unfinift'd. Shairffiare.

Cheat. »./ [from the verb. Some think
abbreviated from efcheat, becaufe many
fraudulent meafures being taken by the
lords of manours in procuring efcheats,

■ cheat, the abridgment, waa brought to
convey a bad meaning.]

1 , A fraud ; a trick ; an impoftnre.

The pretence of publick good is a cbeat that
will ever pafs, though fo abufed by ill men, that
I wonder the good do not grow aSiamcd to ufe it.

TctKflc.
Empirick politicians ufe deceit.
Hide what they give, and cure but by a cbeat.

Drydeti.
When I confider life, 'tis all a cheat ;
Yet, fool's with hope, men farour the deceit S
Truft on, and think to-morrow will repay ;
To-morrow 's falftr than the former day ;
Lyes worfc ; and while it fays we (hall be bleft
With forae new joy, cuts off what we poflelf.

Drydin.

2. A perfon guilty of fraud.

Diflimulution can be no further ufeful than it is
concealed ; for as much as no man will truft a
known cheat, Stutb,

Like that notorious cheat, vail fums 1 give.
Only that you may keep me while I live. Dryder.,

Che'ater. ». y: \fiom cheat.'] One that
prafliftfs fraud.

I will be cheater to them both, and they <hall be
exchequers to me. [It is hurc for ejchemer.}

Shakejftare,

They fay this town is full of couzenage.
As nimble jugglers that deceive the eye |

Difguifed cktaleri, prating mountebanks,
And many fuch like libertines of fin. Sbakcffeare,

He is no fwaggerer, hoftefs ; a tame cheater i'
faith..— —CiMffr, call you him ? I will bar no
honeft man my houfe, nor no chmlrr, Shakeffeare.

All forts of injurious perfons, the facrilegiuus,
the detainers of tithes, cheaters of men's inhe-
ritances, falfe wicaefTes and accufers.

Taytfiri Rule of Living H'Jy,

To CHECK. V. a. [from the French
echecs, chefs ; from whence we ufe, at
that game, the term checkmaie, when
we flop our advcrfary from carrying on
his play any farther.]

1. To reprefs ; to curb.

Refcrve thy ftjrte ; v/ith better judgment check
This hideous raflinefi. Sbakejfeare,

Fames may t< fown and raifed, thiy may be
fpread and multiplied, they may be ihecied and laid
dead. . Baan.

I hate when vice can bolt her arguments.
And virtue has no tongue to check her pride. Milton,

He wlio fat at a table, richly and delicioudy
furnifhed, but with a fwotd hanging over bis head
by one Angle thread or hair, furely had enough to
check his appetite. ieuth,

2. To reprove ; to chide.

Richard, with his eye brimful of tears.
Then checked and ratCJ by NnnhufnbcrlanJ,
Did fpeak thefe words, now pruv'd « propbrcy.

^Ljk<fpeare,

His fault IS much, and the gOo4 king his maflcr
Will ««* him for it. Hbai'Jpeare.

Vpi. I.

CHE

3 . To compare a bank note, or other bill,
with the correfpondent paper.

4. To controul by a counter-reckoning.
To Check, i», n.

I . To flop ; to make a flop : with at.

With what wing the ftanyel chicki at it. Sbak.

Hemuft obferve their m.icd on whom he jells,
The quality of the perljns, and the time ;
And, like the haggard, check at every feather
That comes before his eye. Shakeffeare.

The mind, once jaded by an attempt above its
power, either is difabled for the future, or elfc
ci>^c/(i or any vigorous undertaking ever after. i<oi:i(r.
z. To clafti ; to interfere.

If love check with bufincfs, it troubleth men's
fortunes. Bacon.

3. To ilrike with repreflion.

ril avoid his prefence \
It checks too ftrong upon me. Dryder.

Check. ». /. [from the verb.]

1 . Repreffure ; (lop ; rebuff ; (udden re-
llraint.

Rebellion in this land (hall Infe his fway,
Meeting the check of fuch another day. Skakefp.

We fee alfo, that kings that have been fortunate
conquerors in their firil years, mull have fome check
or arreft in their fortunes. BacorCs Effays.

God hath of late years manifefted himlelf in
a very dreadful manner, as if it were on purpofe
to give a check to this infolent Impiety. TilUtJcn.

It was this viceroy's zeal, which gave a remark-
able check to the firA prugrefs of chrillianity.

Addijons Freeholder.

God put it into the heart of one of our princes,
to give a check to that facrilege which had been
but too much winked at. yitterbury.

The great ftruggle with palTions is in the Arft
check. Rogers.

2. Reflraint ; curb; government; conti-
nued reftraint.

They who come to maintain their own breach
of faith, the check of their confciences much
brcaketh their fniric. Hayivard.

The impetuofity of the new officer's nature
needed fome reftraint and check, for fome time,
to his immoderate pretences and appetite of power.

Clarendon.

Some free from rhyme or reafon, rule or check,
Break Prifcian's head, and Pegafus's neck. Pope.

While fuch men are in Jruft, who have no check
from within, not any views but towards their in-
tereft. Swift.

3. A reproof; a flight.

Oh! this life
Is nobler than attending for a check. Shakeffeare.

I do know, the ftatc.
However this may gall him with fome check.
Cannot with fafety caft him. Sbakefpeare.

4. A diflike ; a fudden difguft ; fomething
th-.t Hops the progrefs.

Say I ihould wed her, would not my wife fubjefls
Take check, and think itfttange? perhaps revolt f

Dryden.

5. In falconry, when a hawk forfakes her
proper game to follow rook?, pies, or
other birds that crofs her flight.

Chambers.

A ynung woTian is a hawk upon her wings j

and if (he be handfome, (he is the more fubjcrt to

go out on check. Suckling.

Wheri whillcd from the 6ft
Some falcon ftoops at whjr her eye defign'd.
And with her ea^ernefs, the quarry mila'd,
Straight files at check, and clips it d&wn the wind.

Dryden.

6. The perfon checking ; the caufe of re-
Uraint ; a flop.

He was unhappily too much ufed as a check
upon the lord Coventry. Clarendon.

A faiirlcal poet 18 the check of the laymen on
bad pritilt. Dryd.n't Failes, Preface.,

CHE

7. Any ftop or interruption.

The letters have the natural produflion by fev<r-
ral checks or flops, or, as they are ufually called,
articulations of the breath or voice.

Holder^ s Elements of Speech.

8. The correfpondent cipher of a bank-
bill.

9. A term ufed in the game of chefs, when
one party obliges the other either to
move or guard his king.

10. Cleri of the Check, in the king's
houfehokl, has the check and controul-
ment of the yeomen of the guard, and
all the ulhers belonging to the royal
family.

11. Clerk o/ the CnjiCK, in the king'»
n.ivy at Plymouth, is alfo the name of
an officer invefled with like powers.

Chambers,
To C H e'c K E R. . "iv.a. [from tch:cs, chefs,
?"i) Che'qjjer. j Fr.] To variegate or
diverfify, in the manner of a chefs-
board, with alternate colours, or with,
darker and brighter parts.

The grey-eyed morn fmiles on the frowning night,
Check'ring the eaftern clouds with ftreaks of ligh.t.

Sbakrjpeare,
The green leaves quiver with the cooling wind.
And make a checkered fliadow on the ground.

Sbakcfpcare,
As the fnake, rolled in the ftow'ry bank,
With (hining cbecker'd flough, doth fling a childj
That for the beauty thinks it excellent. Shakeff^
The wealthy fpring yet never bore

That fweet nor dainty flower,
Tiiat damaflc'd not the cbecker'd floor

Of Cynthia's fummer bower. Drayton.

Many a youth and many a maid

Dancing in the cbecker'd ftiade. Milton.

In the chefs-board, the ufe of each chefs-man il

determined only within that chequered piece of

wood. Locke.

In our prcfent condition, which is a middle

ftatc, our minds are, as it were, chequered v'lxh

truth and falfehood. Addifm,

The ocean intermixing with the land, fo is to

checker it ilito earth and water.

JVoodtvard's Natural HiJIoiy,
' Here waving groves a cbecker'd fcenc difplay.
And part admit, and part excluJc the day. Pope.

Che^cker. 7 »•/• Work varied .-il -

C H e'c KER- WORK, j temately as to its
colours or materials.

Nets of cherker-iuork and wreaths of chain-woric
for the chapiters which were upon th_- top of the
pi 11a IS. I Kir.gi.

Che'ckmate. n. f. [echec et mat, Fr.]
The movement on the chefs-board that
, kills the oppofite men, or hinders them
from moving.

Love they him c-.II'd, tbatgave methc checkmate.
But better might they have b'-hat-- him hate. Sfrnf.
Che'ckroll. n.f. [from check and roll.]
A roll or book, containing the names of
fuch as are attendants on, and in pay to,
great pcrfonages, as their houfehold fer-
vants. It is otberwife called the chequer-
roll. Cotuelt.
Not daring to extend this la-w further than M
the king's fervants in ehcckroU, left it fliould have
been too harfli to the gentlemen of the kingdom.
Bacon's Henry VII.

CHEEK. -./: [ceac, Saxon.]

I. The fide )f the face below the eye.

And now and then an ample tear trill'd down
Her delicate cheek. Shakeffeare.

Her btauty hangs upon the check of nithl.
Like » rich jewel in an iEthiop'sear. Seaktffeari%

Q-q I ftaa

C HB

CHE

CHE

1 (hall funrey.tnd fpf
Ceath in thy<-f«4i,jMiilda'kn<:ls in th) cyf. Denne.

Daughter of tlw rofe, whofc cbetki unite
The ilitf'ring.titlci of tlic reJ and white;
Who heav'n's altctnaie beauty well difplay.
The blufli of morning and the milky way. DryJ.

2. A general name among mechanicks tor
almoft all thofe pieces of their machines'
and inftruments that are double, and per-
feftly alike. Chaiiibers.

Che'ekbone.w./. [irom chetk ztA bone."]

1 cut the Uutiuur, and felt the Aug : it iay
partly under the os jugalc, or ibcclbotit, ff^fcmur:.

Che'ektooth. n. /. [from check and
tceik] The hinder-tootn or tuft.

He hath the chetktieth of a great lion. yoc/.

Cheer, n. f. [ckere. Pi. entertainment;

cara, Sp. the countenance. It feems to

have, in Engiilh, fome relation to both

thefe fenfes.]
n. Entertainment-; provtlions ferved at a

feall.

But though my cites be mean, take them in

good part;

Better cbeer you may Lave, but not with better

heart. Sbaltjftarc.

His wiJJ was never determined to any purluit of

good shar, poignant fauces, and delicious wines.

Locke,

z. Invitation to gaiety.

You do not give the ibctr; the feaft is fold
That is not often vouched, while 'tis making,
'Tis given with welcome. Sbakeffiare,

J. Gaiety; jollity.

I have not that alacrity of fpirit,
Nor cbetr of mind, that 1 was wont to have. Sbak-

4. Air of the countenance.

Right faithful true he was in deed and word,
But of his cheer did fcem too folenin fad !
Nothing liid he dread, but ever was ydrad. Spcnfer,
Which piiblick death, receiv'd with fuch a cbeer.
As not a figh, a look, a (hrink bewrays

The leait felt touch of a degenerous fear.
Gave life to envy, to his courage praife. Daniel*

He ended ; and his words their drooping cbeer
Bnlighten'd, and their languifli'd hope reviv'd.

Milton.
At length appear
Her grifly brethren ftrctcli'd upon tlie bier :
Pale ac the fudden fight, (he chang'd her cbeer.

Vryden,

5. Perhaps temper of mind in general ;
for we read of heavy cheer.

Then were they all of good cbetr, and they alfo
: took fome meat. ^Ich.

H't Cheer, -v. a. [from the noun. J

1. To incite ; to e'ncourage ; to infpirit.

He cbmplained that he was berrayed ; yet, for
all that, was nothing difcouraged, but cheered up
the footmen. Knoiles.

He .becr'J the dogs to follow her who fled.
And vow'd revenge on her devoted head.

Dry Jen's Fai/ei.

*. To comfort ; to confole.

I died, ere I could lend thee aid ;
But cbeer thy heart, and be thou not difmay'd.

Sbakefpeare.

Difpleas'd at what,' not fuft'ering, they had fccn.

They went to cbeer the fadlion of the green. Dryii.

3. To gladden.

Hark ! a gbd voice the lonely dcfcrt ebeeri i
Prepare the way ; a god, a god appears ! Pope'i Mijf.

The facrel fun, above the wjters rais'd.
Thro' beavcVs eternal brazen portals blaz'd.
And wide o'er earth dilTus'd his I ^'<mw|; ray. Pofe.

fflC,HEER. v.n. Togrowgayorgladfome.

At fight of thee my gloomy foul chc^rt up ;
My hopes revive, and gl.icinefs dawns within mc.

A. PbiDfi.

Che'erer. n.f. [fromTefi&w.] Gladner;
giver of gaiety.

To tlice alone be praife.
From whom our joy def-'cndi.

Thou cbtcrer of our days. Jfitton.

Angling was, after tedious ftudy, a t«ft to his
mind, a ci«rn- of his fpirits, adivertrrof fadnei's,
a calmer of unquiet thoughts. ffalton's Angler.
Saffron is the fafeft and moft fimple coidial, the
greateft reviver of tlie heart, and cbetrer of the
fpirits. Temple.

Prime ebterer, light.
Of all material beings fitft and beft. 1'bcmf. Summer,
Che'erful. aeij. [from cheer and/u//.]

1. Gay ; full of life ; full of mirth.

'i"he cteerful birds of fundry kind
Do chiiunt fwect rauiick to deliglit his roind.

Fairy Slucen.

2. Having an appearance of gaiety.

A merry heart m.iketh a cheerful countenance;
but by forrow of the heart the fpirit is broken.

Pronjerhi.^

Che'erfullv. eiJv. [from cheerful.']
Without dejedlioa j with willingnefs ;
with gaiety.

Pluck up thy fpirits, look cheerfully upon mc.

Sbakefpeare.

To their known ftations cbcerfuUy they go. Dryti.

Doftrine is that which muft prepare men for dif-

cipline ; and men never go on lb cheerfully, a^

when they lee where they go. South.

May the man.
That cheerfully recounts the female's praife,
Find equal love, and love's untainted fwects
Enjoy with honour. Philips.

Che'erfulness. n.f. [from chearfn/.J

1. Freedom fiom dejeftion ; alacrity.

Barbarofla, ufing th's exceeding cheerfultiefs and
forwardi'.efs of his fold icrs, weighed up the fourteen
gallics he had funk. Ktwilei's Hi/lory of the Turks.

With what refnlution and cheerfulncfi, with what
courage and patience, did vaft numbers of all forts
of people, in the firft-aget of chriftianity, encounter
all the rage and malice of the world, and embrace
torments and death ! Tillotfcn.

2, Freedom from gloominefs.

I marvelled to fee hSr receive my commandments
with fighs, and yet do them with cheer fulnrjs. Sidn.

Ch e'er LESS. fl<^'. \_homcheer.] Without
gaiety, comfort, or gladnefs.

For fince mine eye your joyous fight did mifs,
Mychcerful day isturn'dtoficfr/t/might. Kij<^i^
On a bank, befide a willow,
Heav'n her cov'ring, earth her pillow,
Sad Amynta figh'd alonr^,
From the cteerlcfs dawn of morning
Till the dews of night returning. Dryden.

Ch e'er BY. aiij. [from cheer."]

1. Gay ; cheerful.

They are ufeful to mankind, in affording them
convenient fituations of houfcs and villages, rc-
flefling the benign and cheriihing fun-beams, and
fo rendering the.r habitations both more comfort-
able and more cbeirly in winter. Ray on the Creation,

2, Not gloomy; notdejefted.

C H e'e R L Y. acb). [from cheer.] Cheerfully.

Under heavy arms the youth of Rome
The'HT long laborious marches overcome j
Cbeerly their tedious travels undergo. Dryd. Virgil.

In God's name, cbeerly on, courageous friends,
To reap the harveft of perpetual peace.
By this one bloody trial of fliarp war. Sbakefpeare.

Oft liftening how the hounds and horn
Cbeerly roufc the (lumb'ring morn. Milton.

Che'erv. ai^j. [from cheer.] Gay;
fprightly ; having the power to make
gay ; a ludicrous word.

Come, let us hie, and quaff a cheery bowl J
Let cyder new wafli forrow from thy (bu'.

Ci:y'i Pajlorals.

CHEESE, n.f. [cafeiis, Lat. cyj-tf , Saxon]

A kind of food made by prcffing the

curd of coagulated milk, and laffering

tlic mali to dry.

I will rather truft a Fleming wirti my bnttar,
the Wclfliman with my cbuje, th.m to wife with
heifclf. Sbakefpeare,

Che'esecake.b./ [from chcefes.ni.cake.]
A cake made of foft curds, fugar, and
butter.

Effeminate he fat, and quiet ;
Strange produce of a chefecake diet. Pr\7r,

Where many a man, at variance wi h his wife.
With lofc'ning mead and cbeefecake ends the ftiift.

Che esemoncer. n. f. [from cheefe and
• monger.] One who deals in cheefe.

A true owl of London,
That gives ou' he 's undone.
Being a chiefmonger,
By trufting. Ben Jonftn,

Ch e'es £p R ESS. »./ [from f/S-c^/J and/r;/}.]
The prel's in which the curds are preffed*

The cleanly cbccfeprifs flie could never turn,
Her aukward fiit did ne'er employ the churn.

Gay't Pafioreht

Che'esevat. n.f. [from cheefe and vat.]
The wooden cafe in which the curds are
confined when they are preffed into
cheefe.

His fenfc occafions the careleQ ruftic to judge
the fun no bigger than a chccffvat. Glanville,

Che'esv. adj. [from cheefe.] Having the
nature or form of cheefe.

Acids m:xcd with them precipitate atophaceoHt
chalky matter, but not a cbeefy fubftahce.

jlriutbmt on Alimentt,

Che'ly.^./ [chela, Lit.] The claw of
a fliell fifh.

It happencth often, I confefs, that a lobfter hath
the chely, or great claw, of one fide longer than the
other. Brown.

Che'mistry. See Chymistry.

Che'quer. See Checker.

To CHE'RISH. -v. a. [che,-ir, Fr.] To
fupport and forward with encourage-
ment, help, and protection j to flielter ;
to nurfe up.

Whenever Buckingham doth turn his hate
Upon your grace, and not with duteous love
Doth cberifo you and your?, God punifh me
With hate in th..fc where I cxpefl moH love. Sbak,

1 wjuld I were thy bird.
————— Sweet, fo would I ;
But I (hould kill thee with too much cberi/hing.

Sbakefpeare,

What doth ebcrifh weeds but gentle air ? Sbakefp.

Magiftrates have always thought thcmfelves

concerned to cberi/h religion, and t;> maintain in

the minds of men the belief of a God and another

'''«• THhtfon,

But old god Saturn, which doth all devour.
Doth cberijh her, and Ibll augments her might.

David,
He that knowingly commits an ill, has the up-
braidings of his own conference ; thofe who aQ by
enour, have its ckcri/hings and encouragements to
animate them. Decay of Piety.

Che'risher. n.f. [from cherifh.] An
encourager ; a fupporter.

One of their greatcft praifcs it is to be the
maintaii.r re and cbcripen of a regular devotion,
a reverend worfliip, a true and decent piety. Sfratt.

C H e'r I s H M E N T. n.f. [from chcrifj.] En-
couragement J fupport ; comfort. It is
now obiblete.

The one lives her age's ornament,
That with rich b >unty, and dear cheripmcnt,
Supports tlic praife of noble, pocfie.

Spt-rfer^i Tears of Mufes.
CHE'RRY. 7 „./ [cerfe, Fr.cerafs.

Cm b-RR y-tree. 3 Lac]

The fpreies are, i. The ommon rcl or garden
cherry, i. Large S;iani(h cherry. 3. The red heart
cherry. 4. The white heart therry, 5. The bleed-
ing

C H E

ia; heart cherry. 6. The black heart chi!rr>'.
7. The May cherry. 8. The bbck cherry, or ma-
lard. 9. The Ji-chdake ciierry. 10. The yellow
Spani/h cherry. I r. The Flanders clufter cherry.
12. The carnation cjicrry. f}. The large black
cherry. 14. The bird cherry. 15. The led bird
or Cornilh cherry. 6. The Urgelt double flower-
ed cherry. 17. "l he double (lowered cherry.
iS. The common wild cherry. 19. The wild
northern Englilh cherry, with lite ripe fruit.
;o. The (hock or perfumed chcny. zi. The
cherrytree with ftriped leaves. And many other
forts of cherries ; as the amber cherry, lukeward,
corane, Galcoigne, and the morello, which is
chiefly planted for preferving.

This fruit was brought out of Pontus at the
time of the Mithridatic viftory by Lucullus, in
the year of Rome 680 ; and was broughtinto Bri-
tain about I20 years afterwards, which was Aim.
Dm. 55 ; and was foon after fpread through mofl
^rts of Europe. Mi!/tr.

Some alk but a pin, a nut, a cbtriy ftone ; but
ihc, raoie ciivetous, would have a chain. Slukefj}.

July I would have drawn in a jacket of li^ht-
jellcw, eating churifs, with his face and bolbm
fttn-burnt. Peacham,

A little fpark of lift, which, in its fird appear-
ance, might be indofed in the hoUow of a cherry
ftons. Hale,

Che'rrv. aaj. [from the fubftandve.]
Refembiing a cherry in colour.
Shore's wife hat!) a pietty foot,
A cherry li;), a faffing pleafing tongue. Sbakeff.

CHE'RR.v-EAr. See Laurel.
CHE'RRy cHtEKED. aJJ. [{tom cherry ax\i
chetk.'] Having ruddy checks.

I warrant them cberrycLekd country girls.

Ciii^eve,

Che'rrypit. «./. [from cherry zni pit.']
A child's play, in which they throw
cherry ftones into a fmall hole.

What, man ! 'tis not for gravity to play at cber-
rxp'tf. Shiiii'f^are.

Chersone'se. n. /. [j/f^(Toniiro«.] A pe-
ninfula ; a traft of land almoll Curround-
ed by the fea, but joined to the conti-
nent by a narrow neck or illhiaus.

Chert, n. /. [(tova quartz,. Germ.] A,
kind of flinr.

Flint is nioft commonly found in form of no-
dules ; but ''tis fomctimcs found in thin (Iratae,
when 'ti? called cbtri. Jf't'od'uiard.

CHt'RUB. n. /. [ai3 //«r. a>nD It is
fometimes written in the plural, im-
properly, cherubims.] A celellial fpi-
rit, which, in the hierarchy, is placed
rext in order to the feraphim. All the
fevcral defcriptions which the Scripture
gives us of cherub, n, differ from one
another ; as they are dcfcribcd in the
fbapes of men, eagles, oxen, lions, and
in a compoiition of all thefe figures put
together. Tiic hieroglyphical reprefen-
tations in the embroidery upon the cur-
tains of the Tabernacle, were called
by Mofes, Exnd. xxvL I. cherubim of
cunning work. Calmet.

'I he roof o' th' chamber
With gold eherttlimi h ftetted. Sbakeffeare.

Hcav'n's cberubirit hors'd
Upon the fi^htWfs couriers of the air.
Shall blow the horrid deed in ev'ry eye.
That tears (hall drown the wind. Shaifffeart.

Some cberub finilhes what yon begun.
And to a miracle improves a tunc. Prior.

Cheru'bick. aJj, [ijom che>ub.'\ Atige-
lick ; relating to the cherubim. ..

Thy words
Attentive, and with more delighted ear,
Pivioe iDSuv&sa ! l.iiitve bsaxdj ihaa whca

CHE

Cheruikk fongs by night from neighb'ring hills
Aerial muliclc fend. Miftoii's Paradife hnjl.

And on the eaft (ido of the garden place
ChtruhUk watch. MihtrCi Paradife Loft,

Ch e'r u B I N.ar//. [from f/^^nr^.] Angelical.

'I'his f-il whore of thine
Hath in her more deftrudtion than thy fword.
For all her eberubin look. Shakeffeare.

Che'rvil. »./ \_chesrophjnum,luZl.\ An
umbelliferous plant. Miller.

To Che'rup. "u. 71. [from cheer ; perhaps
from cheer up, corrupted to chenip.] To
chirp ; to ufe a cheerful voice.

The birds
Frame to thy fong their cheerful cheruplng ;
Or hold their peace for fhame of thy fweet lays.

Sfenfer.

Che'slip. »./ A fmall vermin, that lies
under ftones or tiles. Skinner.

CHESS, n. f. [echecs, Fr.] A nice and
abftrufe game, in which two fets of men
are moved in oppofition to each other.

This game tlie Pe.lian magi did invent,
The force of Eaftern wifdom to exprcfs J

From thence to bufy Europeans fent.
And ftyl'd by modem Lombards penfive chtfs.

Dcrtbam.
So have I feen a king on cbefs

(His rooks and knights withdrawn,

His queen and bilhips in diftrel's)

Shifting about, grow Icfs and lefs.

With here and there a pawn. Dryden.

Che'ss-apple. n. f. A fpecies of Wild

Service. '

Che'ss-board. n f. [from chtfs and

board.] The board or table on which the

game of chefs is played.

And cards arc dealt, and iheji-boardi brought,
To cafe the paiu of coward tlmugbt. Prwr.

Che'ss-man. n.f. [from chej'i and maii.]
A puppet for chefs.

A company of cbrji-men ft.inding on the fame
fquares of the chefs-board where we left them,
we fay they arc all in the fame place, or un-
moved. Locke.

Che'ss-playhr. n.f. [from che/s and
player.] A gamefter at chefs.

'I'hus, like a Ikilful cleji-playcr, he draws out
hia men, and makes his pawns of ufe to his
greitor petfons. Dryjen.

Che'ssom. ». /. Mellow earth.

The tender ch:Jlim and mellow earth is the bcft,
being mere mould, between the two extremes of
clay and fand j efpecially if it be not loomy and
binding. Bacon^s Natural Uijiory.

CHEST, n.f. [cyp, Sax. cijhi, Lat.]

1. A box of wood, or other materials, in
which things are laid up.

He will feek there, on my word : neither prcfs,
chi-JI, trunk, well, vault, but he hath an abftradt
for the remembrance of fuc!i places. Shakeffeare.

But more have been by avarice oppreft.
And heaps of money crouded in the chrft. Dryden.

2. A Chest of Drawers. A cafe with
moveable boxes or drawers.

3. The trunk of the body, or cavity from
the Ihoulders to the belly.

Such ai have round faces, or broad cbejls, or
JhouUers, have feldom or never long necks.

Brcivn.
He dcfcribes another by the largencfc of his
cbcjf, and breadth of his (Iiouldcrt.

Pope's Notes on the Jliad,

To Chest, v, a, \Jtom the noun.] »To
repofitc in a chert ; to hoard.

Chest-foundering, ti.f. A difeafe in
horfes. It comes near to a pleurify, or
pcripneumony, in a human body.

farrier' J DiHioiiary.

C ET E'

Che'sted. eiJj. [from chejQ.] Havin? a
chell; as, broad-chefted, narrow-cheft-
ed.

Che'ster. See Castor.

Che'stnut. I n.f. [ch'a^ai£ne,Ft.

Che'stnut-tree. 5 cajfaiiea, La.^.]

1 . The tree hath katkins, which are placed,
at remote diftances from the fruit, on
the fame tree. The outer coat of the-
fruit is very rough, and has two or three,
nuts included in each hulk or covering.
This tree was formerly in greater plen-
ty, as may be proved by the old build-
ings in London, which were, for the
moft part, of this timber ; which is equal
in value to the beft oak, and, for many

, purpofes, far exceeds it ; particularly for
making veffels for liquors ; it having a
property, when once thoroughly fcafon-
ea, to maintain its bulk conftantly, and
is not fubjcft to ihrink or fwcll, like
other timber. Miller.

2. The fruit of the cheftnut tree.

A woman's tongue,
That gives not half fo great a blow to th' car,
As will a chcfiK:it in a farmer's ftre. Shaktfpcziv.-
Oclober has a bnlkct of fervices, medlars, anj^
cheflrMts, and fruits that ripen at the latter time.
Peacham ov Draiv'iti^.

3. The name of a brown colour.

His hair is of a good colour.
An excellent colour : your cbf^nut was ever-
the only colour. SbaUfl ar:,.

Mcrab's long hair was glofTy cbcjtnut brown.

Che'ston. «. /. A fpecies of plum.

CHEFJLTER.n.f [che-valier, Vx.] A.
knight ; a gallant ftrong man.

Rc.iowr.ed Talbot doth expeft my aid ;
And I am lowted by a traitor villain.
And cannot help the noble chevalier. Shakcfpectrc*-

CHRVAUX de Frife. n. f. [Er. The fin-
gular Cheval de Frife is fcldom ufed ]
The Friefland horfe, which is a piece cf
timber, larger or fmaller, and traveri'ed
with wooden fpikes, pointed with iron,
five or fix feet long ; ul'ed in defending
a paiTage, flopping a breach, or making
a retrenchment to llop th- cavalry. It
is alfo called a turnpike, or tourniquet.

Chiimben,.

Che'ven. n.f. [che'vefne, Fr.] A river
fi(h, the fame wi:h chub.

Che'veril. n.f. J^chcvenau, Fr.] Akid;;
kidleather. Obfolete.

A fentence is but a cbcveril plove to a good wit s-
how quickly the wrong fide may be turned out-
ward. Shakefpiarf-

Which g'fts the capacity
Of your foft cbeveril confciencc would receive,
If you might plcafe to ftrctch it. Shakifpeare,

O, here 's a wit nfchcicril, that ftretches from
an inch narrow tn an eil broid. Shahefprarc,

CUE'FISJNCE. n. f [cheiufavce, Fr.]
Enterprife ; achievement, A v/ord now
not in ufe.

Fortune, the foe of famous chcv'fance.
Seldom, faid Guyon, yields to virtue aid,. Spcnfer*

CHE'FRON. n.f [French.] One of the
honourable ordinaries in heraldry. It
reprefents two rafters of a houfe, fet up •
as they ought to ftand. Harris.

To CHEW. m. a. [ctfcjiji'an, SftX. kauivent,
Dutch. It is very frequently pronounced
chaiv, and perhaps properly.]

CHI'

1. To grind with the teeth ; to malticate.

> iriiiite tiuica, proceeding on dilleinper>

Shall not be winK'd at, bow {htU we ftretch our

When ca|>ic>l ctlmei, eUto'J, fwallow'd, and i\-

\ gefted,
Appear before us ? Sbalijfiart.

l>Ae!n| through the forell,
Ctrtumjth!: ibod of fweetand bitter fmcy. Slal.

Thii pioui ch«t, that never fuck'd the blood,
Nor (bnu'd the flefli, of lambs. Dtydais fthhi.

The \ile»
Defcending gently, where the lowing herd
Ctens verd'rous pallura. PMijii.

By cieving, folid aliment is divided into fmall
parts : in a human body, there is no other inftru-
rr.cnt to perform this action but tlte teeth. By
the aftion of ctnuing, tlie fpitiic and mucus are
(bueeaed from the gUnds, and mlxnJ with the ali-
ment ; which ailion, if it be long continued, will
turn the aliment into a fort of ciiyle.

Aihuttmi on Ainncnti.

2. To meditate ; or ruminate in the
thoughts.

While the fierce monk does at hit trial ftaad,
He cliw revenge, abjuring his offence :

Guile in his tongue, and murder in his hand.
He ftabs his judge, to prove his innocencr. Prior,

J. To tafte withoft fwallowlng.

Heaven 's in my mouth,
As if I did but cbivi its namt. Sljk.ffrari.

Some bojks are to be talK'd, others to be fw.il-
lowed, and fome few to be (heaved and cigcftcd ;
that is, fome books are to be read only in parts ;
others to be read, but not curioufly; ai;J fome
few to be read wholly, with attention. Bacon.

To Chew. i/. n. To champ upon; to
ruminate.

I will with patience hear, and find a time ;
Till then, my noble friend, cUtv upon this. Shah

Inculcate the doftrinc of difobeJience, anJ then
ieavc the multitude to cbc^ upon 't. J^^EJirange,

Old politicians tbew on wifdom palt.
And blunder on in bufmefs to the lall. Fife.

CHICA'NE. «./. [chicane, Fr. derived
by Menage from the Spanilh word cbico,
little.]
1. The art of protrafling a conteft by
petty objeftion and artifice.

Tlie general part of the civil law concerns not
the chUint of private cafes, but the affiirs and
intercourfe of civilized nations, grounded upon the
principles of rcafon. Lockt.

His attornies have hardly one trick left j they
arc at an end of all their chkani,

Arhuthtict'i Hillary of J'.hn Bull.

a. Artifice in general. This fenfe is only
in familiar language.

Unwilling then in ams to meet.
He ftrove to lengthen fti campaign.
And fave his forces by chicane. Prior,

5ff Chica'ke. -v.n. [chicaner, 'Ft,'\ To
prolong a conteft by tricks.

Cmica'ner. ».y; [chicaneur,VT.'\ A pet-
ty fophifter ; a trifling difputant ; a
wrangler.

This is the way to diftinguifh the two mod
4ifi':rent things I know, a logical chicaner from, a
man of rcafon. Lo<ke,

Chica'nery. Tt.f. [chicanerie, Fr.] So-
phiftry ; mean arts of wrangle.

His anger caufed him to deftroy the greateft
part of thefe reports ; and only to preferve fuch as
difcoTcred molt of the chicanery and futlity of the
praQice. jlrlutbmt,

Chiches. n./. See Chickpeas.

Chi'chling Vetch, h. /, [lathyrus,
Lat.] In Germany they are cultivated,
and eaten as pe«s, though neither fo
tender nor well wfted. Miller.

C II I

7 n. J. [acen, Sax. tiecitn,
«:. J Dutch. CAici^» is, I believe.

CHICK.

CHl'cKtK ,

the old plural of chid, though now ufed
as a ftngular noun.]
I . The young of a bird, particularly of a
hen, or fmall bird.

All my pretty onet I
Wiiat, all my pretty ibkkeni, and their dam,
At one fell fwoop ! Sbakeff>iare.

For when the ihell is broke, out comes a chick.

David.
While it is a chicly and hath no fpurs, nor can-
not hurt, nor hath fceit die motion, yet he readily
praQifetli it. Unit.

Even lince (he was a fe'cn-night old, they fay.
Was cha.le and humble to her dying day ;
Nor chick, nor iien, was known to difobey.

Drydcn^s Pahla.
Having the notion that one hid the egg out
of which the other was hatched, I have a clear
idea of the relation of dam and chick. Locke.

On rainy days alone X dine,
Upjn a click and pint of wine ;
On rainy days 1 dine alone.
And pick my chicken to the bone. Stvi/t.
1. A wordof tcindemefs.

My Ariel, chiik.
This is thy charge. Sbakejfeare.

3. A term for a young girl.

Then, ChUc, ftill go on to prate
Of thirty-fix and thirty-eight ;
Purfue your trac?c of fcandal-picking,
Yjur hints, that Stella is no chicken. Sivift.

Chi'ckenhearted. acij. [fiom chicien
and heart.] Cowardly ; timorous ; fear-
ful.

Now we fet up for tilting in the pit,
Where 'tis agreed by bullies, cbickenhtartcd,
To fright the ladies firft, and then be parted.

Prologue to Upaitijh Fryar.

Chi'ckenpox. n. f. An exanthematous

diftemper, fo called from its being of

no very great danger.
Chi'ckling. n:f, £from chick,] A fmall

chicken.
Chi'ckpeas. n. f. [from f^/Vi and pea.]

A kind of degenerate pea. Miller.

Ch i'ckweed. n.f. [from chick andowwi/.]

The name of a plant.
Green mint, or cbickivred, are of good ufe in

all the hard fweliings of the breaft, occafioned by

milk. fViJeman.

To CHIDE. V. a. preter. chid or chode,
part. chiJ or chidden, [ciban. Sax.]

1. To reprove ; to check ; to correft with
words : applied to perfons.

Chide him for faults, and do it reverently.
When you pcv.-elve his blood indin'd to mirth.

Shaktjficare.
And fly like chidden Mercury from Jove. Shak.
Thofe, that do teach your babe«,
Do it with gentle means, and eafy talks ;
He might hsve chid me fo : for, in good faith,
I am a child to chiding. Sbakeffeare.

Scylla wept.
And riiii her barking waves into attention. Milton.

Above the waves as Neptune (hew'd his face,
To chide the winds, and fave the Trojan race.

JValler.
You look, as if yon ftern philofopher
Had juft now chid you. jiddlfcn.

If any woman of better falhion in the parifli
happened to be abfent from church, they were
fure of a vifit from him, to chide and to dine with
her. _ Sti/ift.

2. To drive with reproof.

Margaret my queen, and ClifTord too,
Have chid me from the battle. Shakrffrare,

3. To blame J W reproach : applied to
things.

CHI

Winds murmut'd through the leavu your long
delay.
And founulns, o'er the pebbles, ebid your Bay.

DrydtK.
I ehidlht folly of my thoughtlefs haflej
For, the work perfected, the joy was paft. Prior.

To Chide. 1/. n.

1. To clamour ; to fcold.

What had he to do to chidi at me ? Shakefpeare,

Next m -rn, betimes, the bride was miffing ;
The mother fcream'd, the father chid.
Where can this idle wench be hid ? Swift,

2. To quarrel with.

The bvfinefs of the (late does him offence.
And he does chide with you. Sbakeffearet

3. To make a noife.

My doty.
As does a rock againA the chiding flood.
Should the approach of this wild river break.
And {land unthaken yours. iihakijfeare,

Chi'der. n. f. [from chide.] A rebukcr;
a reprover.

Not her that chides. Sir, at any hand, I pray.>~
I love no chiders. Sir. Sbakejftafef

CHIEF, adj. [chef, the head, Fr.]

1. Principal ; moll eminent ; above the
reft i n any refped.

Thefe were the chief of the officers that were
over Solomon's works. i Kingt.

The hand of the princes and rulers hath been
chief in this trefpafs. Exra»

Your country, chief in arms, abroad defend ;
At home, with morals, arts, and laws amend.

Pope,

2. Eminent; extraordinary. y

Afroward man foweth ftrife, and a whifperer
fcparateth ciii/" friends. Proverbs.

3. Capital ; of the firft order ; that to
which other parts are inferior, or fub-
ordinate.

I came to have a good general view of the
apoftle's main purpde in writing the epiftle, and
the chief branches of his difcourfe wherein he
profrcuted it. Ijocke*

4. It is ufed by fome writers with a fuper-
lative termination ; but, I think, im-
propcrW : the comparative chiefer is
never found*

We befeech you, bend you to remain
Here in the cheer and comfort of our eye.
Our chiefefi courtier, coufin, and our fon. Shak.
Doeg an Edomite, the cbiefrfi of the herdmen.

I Samuel.

He fometimes denied admiflion to the cbiefejl

officers of the army. Clarendon,

Chief, n.f. [from the adjeftive.]

1. A military commander ; a leader df
armies ; a captain.

Is pain to them
Lefs pain, lefs to be fled ? or thou than they
Lcfs hardy to endure ? courageous chief!
The firft in flight from pain. Milton's Par. Lofl.

After or before were never known
Such chiefs; aseachan army fccm'd alone. Dryi.

A wit 's a feather, and a chief a rod ;
An honed man 's the oob'.eft work of God. Po{(.

A prudent chief not always muft difplay
His pow'rs in equal ranks, and fair array ;
But with th' occafion and the place comply.
Conceal his force, nay feem fometimes to fly. Pofe.

2. In Chief, in law. In capite, by per-
fon.il fervice.

All fums dcmaftdable, either for licence of alie.
nation to be made of lands ho'iden in chief, or for
the pardon of any fuch alienation already made
without licence, have been flayed in the way to the
hanaper. Bacon.

I (hall be proud to hold my dcpendance on you
in chief, as 1 do part of my fmall foitune in Wilt-
fllite. Dryden.

3-I»

C H I

C H P

C H I

3. Ib Sfenfer it feenjs to fignify fomewljat
like achievement ; a marfc of diftinftion.

Wiicre be the nof'-gjys that flie dight for thee r
The coloured chipJcti wrought with a chiij\
The fcnottilh ruii-rings, and gilt rofemary ?

Sfinftr.

4. In heraldry.

The ibief is fo called o( the Ftvncli word fit/",
the head or upper part : tb'3 poifefTes the upper
third part of rhcefcutcheon. Piach::ii:onDraio]ng.

Chi'efdom. n.f. [from c/^/V/".] Sove-
reignty. Not in ufc.

Zephyrus being in love with Chloris, and covet-
ing htt to wife, gave her tor a dowry the Mtfd:m
• and foTtreignty of all flowers and green herb?.

Sf!r.ftri Kul. Glojf.

Chi'epless. a(^". [from chief.'] Wanting
a bead { being without a leader.

And chitjlfji armies dr»z'd out the campaign.
And navies ^awn'd for orders on the main. P:pc.

C H I'e F L y . adv. [from chief. ] Principal-
ly ; eminently; more than common.

Any man who will conCder the nature of an
q:ic poem, what adioos it defcribes, and what
perfons they are eb'ujly whom it informs, will find
it a work full of diificulty. Dryden.

Thofc parrs of the lAngdom, where the number
and eftates o{ the dlifentcrs rkiefiy lay. S-wift.

Chi'efrie. n.f. [from chief] A fmall
rent paid to the lord paramount.

They fliall be well able to live upon thofe lands,

to yield her majefty reafon^bJe ckie/rii, and alfo

givea compeccot maintenance unto the garrifons.

Spenjcr^i Inland.

Would the referved rent at this day be any
more than a fraall ckiefrie ? Siv'ift.

Chi'eftain. »./. [frooif;^/^, »./ cap-
tain.]
I. A leader; a commander.

That forc'd their ibiftam, for his (afety's fake,
(Their ctlfijin Humb«r named was aright)
l/'nto the mighty ftream him to betake,
Wlicre ht an end of ba:tle and of life did make.

Fairy Siutct.

s. The head of a clan.

It broke, and abfolutrly fubdued all the lords
and chiifuiasof tht Irifliry. Dav.nm Ireland.
Chie'vance. n.f. [probably froiaache'V'
amt, Fr. purchafe.] Traffick, in which
money is extorted j as difcount. Now
obfolcte.

Theie were good laws againlt ufury, the baftard
ufe of mimey ; and againft unlawful clin'ara:
and exchanges, which is baftard ufur\. Bacn.

C H i'l B I- A I N . ». /. [from chill, cold, and
blain ; fo that TemfU fecms mitUkcn in
his etymology, or has written it wrong
to ferve a purpofe.] Sores made by froft.

I remembered the cute of ct'tM/uint when I
was a boy (which may be called the children's
gout), by burning at tlic fire. Tmf/i.

CHILD, n.f. in the plural CHiLDaEN.

[cilb. Sax.]
I . An infant, or very young perfon.

In a|e, to wifli for youtii la full as vain,
As for a youth to turn a cli!d again. Dirtam.

We Ibould no more be k|ndcr to one child than
to another, than we are tender of one eye more
than of th- other. \VEprangi.

_ The young lad muft not be ventured abroad al
tight or ten, for fear of what may happtn to the
tender child; though he then runs ten times leu
rifqae than at fixceen. hocU.

The firoke of death is nothing : children endure
It, and the gTareft cowards lind irnopain. H'aht.

z. One in the line of filiation, oppofed to
the parent.

Where children have been expofed, or tnlcrn
away young, and afterwaids have approached to
their pvcau ptelcoce, the paieAtSi thovgh they

have not known them, have had a fetret Jo>', or
other alteiation, thereupon. Bacon's Nat. liijhry,

I fliall fee
The winged vengeance overtake fuch children.

SbateJ'feart.
So unexhaufted her perfeflions were,
That for more children fhe had more to C^irt^ryd.

He, in a fruitful wife's embraces »^Id,
A long increafe of children's children told, j^ddij.

3. The defcendants of a man, how remote
foever, are called children ; as tht child-
ren of Edom, the children of Ifrael.

4. In the language of fcripture.

Or.e weak in kiwwledge. Laiab» iCarmtl.

Such as are young in grace. i Jobi:.

Such as are humble and docile. Alattbe^v.

The children of light, the children of darknefs \
who follow light, who remain in darkneis.

The elcci, theblelfeJ, are alfo called the ihildren
of God.

ftow is he numbered among the clildrer. of God,
and his lot is among the faints ! - Jfi[dom.

In the New Teftament, believers are commonly
called children of Ood.

Ye are all the children of Goi, by faith in Jefus
Chrift. Gal. iii. 26. Culinel.

5. A girl child. Not in ufe.

Mercy on '5 ! a bcarne, a very pretty warne !
A boy, or child, I wonder ? Sbakefpeare.

6. Any thing the produft or effed of an-
other.

Macduff", this noble paHton,
Child of integrity, hath from my foul
Wip'd the bl.'.ck fcruples. S baiifpeare.

7. Ta ie ivitk Child. To be pregnant.

If it mui^ftand Itill, let wives with child
Pray that their burthen may not fall thi; day,
Left that their hopes prodigioufly be croft, iihjk.

Ti) Child, -v. n. [from the noun.] To
bring children.

The fpring, the fummer,
The cbilding autumn, angry winter, change
Their wonted liveries. Shakiffeare.

As to ciildinfr women, young vigorous people,
after irregularities of diet, in fuch it begins with
hamorrhnges. / Arbuiinnt.

Chi'ldbfarinc. participial fuhfanti've.
[from child and bear.] The aCt of bear-
ing children.

To thee
Pains only in cbildteatingvitxt foretold.
And, bringing forth, fooa tecompens'd with joy,
Fruit of thy womb. Milim's Paradifc Loft.

The timorous and irrefolute Sylvia has dem jrr-
ed till file is paft childtrarir^. Addifon,

Chi'lobed. n.f. [from child dnd led.]
The ftate of a woman bringing a child,
or being in labour.

The funerals of prince Arthur, and of queen
Elizabeth, who died in childbed ia the Tower.

BiHon.
Pure, as when warti'd from fpntofchildied rtain.
Parariife Regained,
Yet thefe, tho' poor, the pain of cbiUbf/hcir.

Dryden.

Let no one be aftually married, till /he hath the

childbed pillows, Speflator.

Women in childbed are in the cafe of perfons

wounded. ylrbulhnot on Diet.

Chi'ldbirth. n.f. [from child ^nA

iirti.J Travail ; labour ; the time of

bringing forth; the ad of bringing

forth.

The mother of Pyrocles, after her eiildiirih,
died. Sidney

A kernel void of any tafte, but not fo of virtue,
efpccially for women travailing in cbildhirih.

, Carevj't Survey.
In the wh-ile fex of women, Ood hath decreed
the Iharptlt pains of cbildhirih ; to fliew, that
thc;« is no fttcccxempc from forrow.

Taylor't Holy L'lving.

He to his wife, before the time aflign'd
For childbirth came, thus bluntly fpokchis mini.

Dryden>

Chi'lded. adj. [fTOm child.] Furnilhed
' with a child.

How light and'-portable my pain feems now.
When that which makes me bend, makes the king
bow ;

He ctilded as 1 fathcr'd. Shatefpeare,

Chi'ldermas day. [from dbild and
mcfs.] The day of the week, through-
out the year, anfwering to the day on
which the feaft of the Holy Innocents i«
folemnized, which weak and fuperfti-
tious perfons think an unlucky day.

To talk of hares, or fuch uncouth things, proves
as cminous to the filherman, as the beginning of a
voyage on the day when cbilderir.a: day fell, dotk
to the mariner. Cartiv.^

Chi'ldhood. «._/; \_[rom ciild ; cilbhab.
Sax,]

1. The ftate of children; or, the time la
which we are children : it includes • in-
fancy, but is continued to puberty.

Now I haveftain'd the cbildbtxd of our joy
With blood, remov'd but little from our own.

Sbakcfpeare,
The fons of lords and gentlemen Ihould be
trained up in learning from their childhoods.

Spcnfer on Ireland,
Seldom have I ceas'd to eye
Thy infancy, thy childhood, and thy youth. Milton,
Tlic fame authority that the a£lions of a man
have with us in our childhood, the fame, in every
period of life, has the praflice of all whom wc re-
gard as our fuperiours. Rogers^

2. The time of life between infancy and
puberty.

Infancy and cbildhoed demand thin, copious,
nourilhing aliment. jirhutbnot on AimenlSm

3. The properties of a child.

Their love in early infancy began,
And role as childhood ripen'd into man. Drydttu '
Chi'ldish. adj. \ixovA child.]

1, Having the qualities of a child; tri-
fling j ignorant ; limple.

Learning hath its infancy, when it Is but be-
ginning and almoU childijh ; then its youth, when
it is luxuriant and juvenile. Bacon's EJJ'ays.

2. Becoming only children ; trifling ; pu-
erile.

Mufidorus being elder by three or four years«
there was taken away the occafion of cbildifl) con-
tentions. Sidny.

The lion's whelps flic faw how he did bear.
And lull in rugged arms withouten cbild'i/h fear.

Spenfer*

When I was yet a child, no childifh play
To me was pleafing ; all my mind vras let
Serious to learn and know. Parddtfi Regained^

Tho fathers looked on the worfliip of images 94
the molt filly and cbildifl} thing in the world.

Siillntgflett.

One that hath newly Icaru'd to fpcak and go
Loves childiflj plays. Rofcommoiit

They have fpoiled the walls with ebildifb fen-
tenccs, that confilt often in a jingle of words.

Addif<n on Italy.

By converfation the ebi/dijb humours of their
younger days might be worn out.

Abuthnol's Uiftory of John Bull,

Chi'ldishlv. adv. \iiom childip.] In a
childilh trifling way ; like a child.

Together with his fame their infamy wss
fpread, who had fo raflily and childiflAy cjefteJ
him. Hsoker.

Some men are ef excellent judgment in their
own profeflions, but cbildijhly unlkilful in any
thing befides. Hayward.

Chi'ldishness. n.f [from childi/^.]
I. Puerility J triflingueis.

T)k

C H I

The aflionj of ckiUiJhieJs, and tinfalKionablc
carrUge, time and age will of itl'elf be fute to re-
form. Lr}ekt.

Nothing !n the world could give a truer idea of
•the fuperftition, credulity, and MIdiJhtiifi of the
Roman catholick religioo. jiddi/mtnlta/y.

2. Harmlefihefs.

Speak thoui boy ;
Perhaps thy Mdi/hmfi will move him more
Than can our reafoos. Sbaktffeare.

Cm'tDLZis, aJ;, [from chilt/.] Without
children ; without offspring.

As thy fword hath made women ehUdlefs, fo
ihtU thy mother be cbilJIefi among women.

I Samuel.
A man /hall fee the nobleft works and founda-
tjors have proceeded from childleft men; which
have fought to exprcfs the images of their minds,
where thofe of their bodies have failed: fo the
care of pofterity is moft in them that have no pof-
tcrity. Baccn'i Effays,

Childleft Aov art, etUdJrfs nmain : fo death

Shall be deccivM his glut. MUtcnsParadtfc LoB,

She can give the reafon why one died childUji.

Sfclialor.

Chi'i.dlike. aJj, \Jtom cbiU !caci like.'\
Becoming or beieening a child.

Who cau owe no lefs dun diliUikc obedience to
het that hath more than motherly care. Biiker.

1 thought the remnant of mine age
Should have been cbctllh'd by her childliti duty.

Sbaiejjieare,

Chi'liad. n.f. [from x*'^**?-] A thou-
fand ; a coUcdUon or fum containing a
thoufand.

We make cycles and periods of years, as decads,
centuries, cbiliadt, fot the ufe of computation in
hlftory. Holder.

ChXLIa'edRON. «./. [from ;^;iXia.] A

figure of a ihoufand fides.

In a man, who fpeaks of a chmaedron, or a
body of a thoufand iiues, the idea of the figure
may be very confufcd, though that of the num-
ber be very diflind. Lccic.

Ghilifa'ctive. ailj. [fromfA/7r.] That
which makes chile.

Whether thh be not effefted by fomc way of
eorrolion, rather than any proper digcllion, cbili-
fiBim matidoa, oralimental convcifion.

Brcnun^i yulg^r Erreurs.

Chimfa'ctory. aJJ. [from<rZi/7f.] That
'which has the quality of making chile.

We fliould rather rely upon a chUifaHtir^ men-
llmum, or digeftive preparation drawn from fpe-
cies or individuals, whofe ftomachs peculiarly d!f-
folve lapideous bodies, Bt-tnvn.

Chilij'ica'tion. n.f. \fTom chile.'\ The
aft of making ^ile.

Nor will we aihi m that iron is indigelled in the

ftomach of tijeoftriche ; but we fufpedl this cftccl

to proceed not from any liquid reduOion, or ten-

dcace to ehdtficatiai, by the power of natural hc,it.

Brotvu't Vulgar Erroun.

CHrLL. aJj. [cele. Sax ]

\. Cold; that which is cold to the touch.

And all my plants 1 lave from nightly ill.
Of noifoine winds, and blafling vapours fix//* Mih.
2. Cold ; having the lenfation of cold ;
(hivering with cold.
Myheutaod my cM// veins fteeze withdefpair.

3( Dull; not warm ; not forward: as, a
chill reception.

4. Depreflfcd ; dejcfted ; difcouraged.

5. Unaffedlionate ; cold of temper.
Chill, n.f. [from tht adjjedUve.] Chi!-

ncfs ; cold.

I very well know one to have a fort of tbill
•faaut Ms fracuidia and lie.id,

Derbam'i Phj/fa-TMigy.

C H I

7*0 Chill, v. a. [from the adjcflive,}

1 . To make cold.

Age has not yet
So (hrunk my itnews, or fo tbJl i my veins.
But confcious virtue in my bread remains. Dryjen.
Heat burns his rife, froit chUlt hia fetting beam ,
And vex the world with uppofite extremes. Creech.

Each changing fcafon does its poifon bring ;
Rheums cbill the winter, agues blaft the fpting,

frier.
Now no more the drum
Provokes to arms ; or trumpet's clangor flirill
Affrights the wives, or chills the virgin's blood,

Plilifs.

2. To deprefs ; to dejeft ; to difcourage.

Every thought on God cbilh the gaiety of his
fpirits, and awakens terrors which be cannot bear.

iJjgrrj.

3 . To blaft with cold.

The fruits perilh on the ground.
Or foon decay, by fnows immod'rate cbill'd,
By vs'inds are blalicd, or by lightning kiil'd.

SlackmDre.

Chi'lliness. ».yr [from chilly.} A fen-
fation of Ihivering cold.

If the patient furvivcs tliree days, the acutenefs

of the pain abates, and a cbillinef: or Ihivering

, affeSs llie body. AriuihrM.

Chi'lly. aJj, [from f /&/'//.] Somewhat
cold.

A chilly fweat bedews
My (hudd'ring limbs. Phiri/ii.

Chi'lness. »./. [from dill.'] Coldnefs ;
want of warmth.

If you come out of the fun fuddcnly into a
ihade, there followcth a chilnejs or Ihivering in all
the body. Bacon.

This while he thinks, he lifts aloft his dart,
A generous chihtfi feizcs ev'ry part.
The veins pour back the blood, and fortify the
heart. Drydcr.

Chime, n.f. [kime, Dutch.] The end
of a barrel or tub.

CHIME, n.f. [The original of this word
is doubtful. Jutiius and MinJI^enu fup-
pofe it corrupted from cimbal ; Skiimer
from gamme, or gamut ; Henfoaui from
chiamarc, to call, becaule the cbhne calls

' to church. Perhaps it is only foftened
from chiitne, or churm, an old word for
the found of many voices, or inibu-

, ments making a noife together.]

1 . The confonant or harmonick found of
many correfpondent inftrumcnts.

Hang our fiiaggy thighs with beils ;
That, as we do llrike a tune.
In our dance Ihail make a chiiite, Ben "Jonjcn.
The found
Of inftroments, that made melodious chime.
Was heard of harp and organ. MihmiPar, LoJI.
Love virtue, /he alone is free ;
She can teach you how to climb
Higher ihan the fphery ctiire. Mlhcn.

2. The correfpondence of found.

Love firft invented verfe, and furm'd the rhime,
The motion meafur'd, harm..nia'd therfiwe. Dryd.

3. The found of bells, not rung by ropes',
but ftruck with hammers. In this fenfe
it is always ufedin the plural, chimes.

Wc have heard tht ci.-ntii at midnight. Shakiff).

4. The conefpondence of proportion or
relatio'n.

The conceptions of things are placed in their
I'evcral degrees of llltiilitude ) as in feveral pro-
purtlons, one to another ; !■ wh'ch harmonious
cbimeiy the voice of" reafon is often drowned.

Grivj^i C'/mshgla.
9^0 Chime, 'v. n. [from the noun.]
t . To found ia biu-mony or confoaanc.:.

C H I

To make the rough recital aptiy cUme,
Or bring the fum of Gallia's lal> to rhime,
'Tis mighty hard. _ ^ Priar.

2. To correfpond in relation or proportion.

Father and fon, hulband and wife, and ftich
other correlative terms, do belong one to anather }
and, through cullom, do readily chime, and anCwer
one another, in people's memoiies. , Lxkt,

3. To agree ; to fall in with.

He not only fat quietly and heard his father raiU
cd at, but often chimed in with the difccuKe.

AriuitrM'i Hifi. ef "John Bull,

4. To fuit with ; to agree.

Any fcQ, whofe rcifonings, interpretation, and
language, I have been uf^d tu, will, of courfe^
make all chime that way ; and make another, and
perhaps the genuine mcani-ig of the author, fcena
hailh, (Irange, and uncouth to me. Ltcit,

5. To jingle; to clatter.

But with tlie meaner tribe I'm forc'd to ckiwief
And, wanting ftrength to rife, defcend to rhime.

Smiths
To C H I M B . T. a.

1 . To move, or ftrike, or caufe to found
harmonically, or with juft confonancy.

With li.'l-d arms they order cv'ry bio*',
. And chime ihcir founding hammers in a row >
With labour'd anvils ^tna gr^>:i;ts below.

Dryden'i Georpcki,

2. To ftrike a bell with a hammer.
CHIME'RA. «./. [Chimera, L«.] Avaia

and svild faixy, as remote from re4lity
as the exillence of the pcetical Chimsr.t,
a monller feigned to have the head of a
lion, the belly of a goat, and ^the tail of
a dragon.

In lhort,'the force of dreams is of a piece,
CHm<ras all, anJ mjre abfurd, or lefs. Dryd. Fab,

No body joins the voice of a (heep with the
ihape of a hoife, to be the complex ideas of any
real fubdances, unlefs he has a mind to fill his
head with chimeras, and his difcouife with unin-
tcliigiblc words. Locke.

C H I M e'r I c a l . ezc/j. [from ciimera.l Ima-
ginary ; fanciful; wildly, vainl}|, or faa-
tallically conceived ; fantailick.

Notwithllanding the iinenefs of this allegory
may atone for it in fomc meafure, I cannot tliink
that pevfons offucha liiauvini/exiftence are pro-
per aOors in an epic poem. Sj/i^ntor,

Chime'rically. aJv. [from chimeri-
cal.] Vainly; wildly; fantaftically.

Chi'minacb. »./. [from f/?i/'OT»>, an old
law word for a road.] A toll for paffage
through a foreft. Co-well.

CHI'MNEY. n.f. [cheminee, French.]

I. The paffage through which the fmoke
afcends from the fire in the houfe.

CLimmes with fco;n rcjefling fmoke. S-unft.

2 The turret raifed above the roof of the
houfe, for conveyance of the fmoke.

The night has been unruly : where wc lay.
Our climmcs were blown down, Sbakejpcari.

3. The fire-place.

The chimney
Is fouth the chamber; a.nd the chimneypiece,
Chafte Dian bathing. Shake/peart.

The fire which the Clioldeans worlhippad for a
god, i« crept into every man's cbur;ney.

Raleigh's Hifiery.
Low offices, which fome neighbours hardly
think it worth ilirriog from their chimney fides to
obtain. , &iuift on Sac. Trft,

Chi'mney-corner. n.f. [from chimney
andcernn:] The fire-fide; the feat on
each end of the firegrate : ufually noted
in proverbial language for being the-
place of idlers.

C H I

Yet forae old men
Tell ftnries of you in their d'mny-ecrvir. Detitam.
Ch i'm k e y p 1 e c e. n.f. [from chimney and
/lifce.] The ornamental piece of wood,-
or Hone, that is fet round the fire-place.

Polifh and bright'-n tiie marble hearths and
rhimruyf-iic^i with ac*uuc dipt in gpeafe. S^.v'.ft.
Chi'mneysweeper. n.f. [from chimney
and Jhvee/>er.]

1. One whofe trade it is to clean foul
chimnies of foot.

To look like her, are tlnmtiiyf'anepers black;
And Cnce her time are colliers counted bright.

Sbakcffieart,
The little ck'm*ieyftveel>rr (kulks along,
And marks with fuoty lUins the heedlefs throng.

Gay,

Even lying Ned, the <h'wireyfv}eeper of Savoy,

and Tom the Portugal du.lman, put in their

claims. j4rbutbnot,

2, It is ufed proverbially for one of a
mean and vile occupation.

Golden lads and girls, all multf
As chlmrtej/fw^perif come to dud, Stiikifpeare.
CHIN. n. f. [cinne, Saic kin:i. Germ.]
The part of the face beneath the under
]ip.

But ail the words I could get of her, was wrying
her wai ft, and thrui^ing out her cb'm- Shinty.

With his Amazoman ch'm he drove
The bridled lips before him. Shattfjieare.

He/ais'd his h.irdy head, which funk again.
And, finking on his bofom, knock'd his ckir.

Drydin.

Chi'na. n.f. [from China, the country
wheie it is ma'de.] China ware ; por-
celain ; a fpecies of velfels made in
China, dimly tranfparent, partaking of
the qualities of earth and glafs. They
are made by mingling two kinds of
earth, of which one eafily vitrifies ; the
other refifls a very ftrong heat : when
the vitrifiable earth is melted into glafs,
they are completely burnt.

SplKn, vapnurs, or fm.ill-pcx, above them all ;
And miilrcf- of hcrfcif, tho' cbina fall. Pope.

After fuppcr, carry your plate and china to-
gether in t!ic fame bafkct. Swift.

Chi'n a-Orance. n.f. [from China and
crange.'] The fweet orange : brought
originally from China.

Nut many years has the Ciirta-orargi- been pro-
pagated in IVrtugal and Spain. tUriimer'i Hujh.

Chi'na-Root. n. f. [from China and
roct. ] A medicinal root, brought origi-
nally from China.

CHl'^ COUGH, tt.f. [perhaps more pro-
perly kinccugh, from kinckin, to pant,
Dut. and cough.'] /f violent and convulfive
cough, to which children are fubieft.

I have obfcrved 3 ch'incough, complicated with an
Inrcrmitting ftvcr. Flyer on the liuKours.

CHINE, n. f [efchine, Fr. fhiena, Ital.
fpina, Lat. cein. Arm,]

1. The part of the back in which the
fpine or back bone is found.

She ftrake him fuch a blow upon his «A;«, that
flic opened all his body. Sidney.

He prefenrs her with the tufky head,
And d wwith rifing bridles rougbly fpread. Hryd.

2. A piece of the back of an animal.

Cut out the buily buned clov.a in cWwi.i of licef
ere thou icrp. Shaitjfftrt.

He had killed eight ftt hops for this feaftin,
and he haj ^ealt about his ihinti very liberally
amongd his n-ighbouri. Spc.laior.

To Chine, o. a. [from the noun.] To

cut into chines.
■ ■ lO

C H I

He that !n his line 4id tbini the long nlb'd
Apennine. Drydin.

CHINK, n.f. [cman, to gape. Sax.] A
fmall aperture Ion g wife ; an opening or
gap between the parts of any thing.

Pyramus and ThiJbe did talk through the chink
of a wall. Shahefp, Midfutnm^r ^ighl^s Dretin:,
Plagues alfo have been raifed by anointing the
chinks of doors, and the like. Baccn's Nat. HiJ}.
Though birds have na epiglottis, yet. they lb
contract the chink of their larinx, as to prevent the
admiffion of wet or dry indigefted.

Broiun's Vulgar Erroun.

Other inventions, falfe and abfurd, that are like

fo many chinks and holes to difcover the rottenr.ei's

of the whole fabrick. South.

In vain flie fearchM each cranny of the houfc.
Each gaping chink impervious to a inoufe. S'zvift.
To Chink, f. a. [derived by Skinner
from the found.] To Ihake fo as to
make a found.

He chinks his purfe, and takes his feat of date :
With ready quills the dedicators wait.

Pope's Drr'.riiid.

To Chink, f. ». To foimd by llriking
each other.

Lord Strutt's money (hines as bright, and chinks
as well, as 'r<)uire South's.

Arhuihnat's Hifloiy cf Jnhn Bull.
When not a guinea chink'J on Martin's boards.
And AtwiU's felf was drain'd of all his hoards.

Stvi/t.
Chi'nky. a.-fj. [from chink."] Full of
holes J gaping ; opening into narrow
clefts.
But plaider thou the cbinkj hives with clay.

Dryden^s Virgil.
Grimalkin, to domedick vermin fworn
An everlading foe, with watchful eye
Lies nightly brooding o'er a cbinky gap.
Protending her fell claws, to thoughtlcfs mice
Sure ruin. Philips's Poems.

Chints. n.f. Cloth of cotton made in
India, and printed with colours.

Let a charmm^ chints, and Brudcls lace.
Wrap my cold limbs, and fliade my lifeleCs face.

Pope.

Chi'oppine. n.f. [from chapin, Span.^
A high flioe, formerly worn by ladies.

Your ladyfliip is nearer heaven than when 1 faw
you lad, by the altitude of a chief pine. ShaktJ}.

The wnman was a giantefs, and yet walked
always in chi'ippines, Conoley.

CHIP, Cheap, Chipping, in the names
of places, imply a market ; from the
Saxon cyppan, ceapan, to buy. Gibfon.
To Chip. oi. a. [probably corrupted from
chop.] To cut into fmall pieces ; to
diminilh, by cutting away a little at a
time.

His mangled MjTmidons,
Nofelcfs, hanu'.cf^, hackt and chipt, come to him.
Crying on Hetlor. Shahfp. Trnilus and CtrJJida.
To rcturii to our ftatue in the block of marble,
we fee it fometimes only begun to be chipped ,
fomctimes rough hewn, and jud flcetchcd into an
human figure. Mdifons Speflatir.

The critick drikes out all that is not jud ;
And 'ti« ev'n fo the butler chips his crud. King.

Indudry
Taught him to chip' Ae'<vio!>i, and hew the done.

Thowfon.

Chi-.', n. f. [from the verb.]
I. A fmall piece taken oiF by a cutting
inllrunvent.

Cucumbers do eitreroely i&cQ moidure, and

over-drink tliemfelves, which chaff or chips for-

biddeth. Saccn.

That chip maJtifon fwim, not by natural power.

■I'aylTr.

CHI

The draw was laid below ;
0! ''lips and feiewood was the Iccgnd row,

Drydens Fal'es,

2. A fmall piece, however made.

The mapgauefe lies in the vein in tmnps wreck-
ed, in an irregular maiiner, among clay,"fpar, aud
chips of done. H'mdhvtifd.

Chi'pping. n.f. [from To chip.."] A frag-
ment cut off.

They dung their land with the ohipp'trgs of a

fort of loft done. Alcnimer's Hajhaiidry,

The chippings and filings of thefe jewels, could

they be preferved, are of more value than the whole

mafs of ordinary authors. Fe'tton en the Chjfuks-,

Chira'grical. adj. [from chimera,
Lat.] Having the gout in the hand ;
fubjeft to the gout in the hand.

Chircigrical perlbns do fuffer in the finger as well
as in the reft, md fometimes Urd. of ali.

Brawns Vulgar Errcurs»

Chiro'grapher. n.f, [x"{» the hand,
and y^aipa, to write.] He that e^cercifes
or profeffes the art or bufmcfi of writing.

Thus pafl'eth it from this office to the chirogra-
ph.r's, to be engrofl'ed. B aeon sO£ice of Alienation.

Chiro'craphist. «. / [See Chiro-
GRAPHER.] This word is ufed in the
following pafiage, I think, improperly,
for one that tells fortunes by examining
the hand : the true word is chirofiphifi^
or chiromancer.

Let the phyfiognomids examine hisfeaturesj let
the chirographips behold his palm ; but, above all,
let us confult for the calculation of his nativity.

j^rhuibn'4 and Pope*

Chiro'craphy, n.f. [See Chirogra-
ph er.] The art of writing.
Chi'romancer. v. f. [See Chiro-
mancy.] One that foretels fiiture
events by infpedling the hand.

The middle fort, who have hot much to ipare.
To chiromancers' cheaper art repair.
Who clap the pretty palm, to mal-e the lines more
fair. Dry den's yuaenal.

Chi'romancy. n.f. [xsij, the hand, and
navlif, a prophet.] The art of foretel-
ling the events of life, by infpedling the
hand.

There is not much conliderable in that do£ltinc
of chiromancy, that fpots in the top of the nails do
•ignify things pad ; in the middle, things prefentj
and at the bottom, events to come.

Broiott's Vulgar Erroun.

To CHIRP, 'u. n. [perhaps contrafted
• from cheer up. The Dutch have circken.'\
To make a cheerful noife ; as birds,
when they call without fmging.

.Slie chirfing ran, he peeping dew away.
Till hard by them both he and die did day.

S'tdne^t
Came he right now to ling a raven's note;
And thinks he that the chirping of a wren
Can chafe a«ay the fird conceived found .> Shak,
No chirping lark the welkin Ihcen invokes. ■'

Gay'i Paflerah,
The careful hen
Calls all her chirping family around.

Thomfin's Spring,
To Chirp, v. a. [This feems apparently
corrupted from cheer tip^] To make
cheerful. V

Let no fubcr bi^ot here think it^Jin
lu puih 00 the chirping and modwajffjfcottle.

-'::;_ yehnfir.
Sir Balaam now, he lives like otheriolks ;
He takes his chirping pint, he cracks his jokes.

Pope.,
Chikp. n.f. [from the verb.] The voice
of birds or infe'ils.

Vflnii

C H I

Wind) over ui whifper'd, flockj by ui did btf «',
And tkirf went the grafthopper under our tlct.

Sptflator.

Chi'rper. n./. [from eiirp.] One that

chirps ; one that is cheerful.
ToChirre. v. ft. [ceopian. Sax.] See

C H u R M E . To coo as a pigeon. Junius.

CHIRU'RGEON. ». /. \_x'k''Hy'^' f''°"'
yi\^, the hand, and i{yi», work.] One
that cures ailments, not by internal
medicines, but outward applications.
It is now generally pronounced, and by
many written, _/arf«».

When a man's wounds ceafe to fmart, only
becaufe he has loft hii feeling, they are neverthe-
iefs mortal, for his not feeing his need nf a chirur-
gecit» Soutb^s Sermcns,

Chiru'rcBry. n. /. [from cbirurgeon.]
The art of curing by external applica-
tions. This is calledyj/r^^ry.

Gynccia having, flcill in cbirurgiry, an art in

thofe days much efteemed. Sidity.

Nature couH do nothing In her cafe without the

help of cbirurgery, in drying up the luxurious Hcih,

and making way to puU out the rotten bon;;:.

ff^i/emiDi,
Chiru'rcical. 7 aJ/, See Chirur-

"ChIRu'rCICK. J CEON.

'I. Having qualities ufeful in outward ap-
plications to hurts.

As to the cbirurgical or phylical virtues of wax,
it is reckoned a mean between hot and cold.

Mortimer.

2. Relating to the manual part of healing.

3. Manual in general, confifling in ope-
rations of rhe hand. This fenie, though
the firil according to etymology, is now
fcarce found.

The cbirurgical or manual p*t doth refer to the
IQAking inftruments, and exercifing particular ex-
periments, ff^tlkin:.

CHI'SEL. »./. [d/eaa. Fr. of/cijim, Lat.]
An inftrument with which wood or ftone
is pared away.

What fine ctifil
Could ever yet cut breath ? Let no man mock me,
For I will kifs her. Sbakrjj/tare.

There is fuch a fceming foftnefs in the limbs,
« if not a chijrl had hewed them out of ftone, but
a pencil had drawn and ftroaked them in oil.

tyotlca't ArchiteHurt,
Imperfedl Oiapes ; in marble fuch are feen.
When the rude cbifcl does the man begin, t^rydcn,

To Chi'sel. t. a. [from the noun.] To

cut with a chifel.
CHIT. n. f. [according to Dr. Hickei,

from kind. Germ, child ; perhaps from

thico, little. Span.]

1, A child ; a Isaby. Generally ufed of
young perfons in contempt.

Thcf; will appear fuch cb.ti in ftory,
'Twiil turn all politicks to jeft. Amrymm.

2. The Ihoot of com from the end of the
grain. A cant term with maltllers.

Barley, couched four days, will begin to ihew
the cbit or fprit at the root-end.

Mitrnvurt Ilujbandry.

J. A freckle, [from chick -peafe.] In this

fenfe it is feldora ufed.
To Chit. 1/. n. [from the noun.] To

fprout ; to flioot at the end of the grain :

cant.

I have known barley cbit in feven hours after it
hai been thrown forth. Mcrlimtr^i Hufhandry,

Chi'tchat. tt.f. [corrupted by redupli-
cation from cbat.l Prattle i iuepiate;

C H I

Idle talk. A word only ufed in ludi-
crous converfation.

I am a member of a female foeietyj who -call
ourfelves the chitchat club. SftHattr.

Chi'tterlings. n. /, without Angular,
[from fchyter lingh, Dut. Min^nu ;
from kutlcln. Germ. Skinntr.\ The guts ;
the bowels. Skinner.

Chi'ttv. adj. [from f^/,] Childilh ;
like a baby.

Chi'valrous. adj. [from chiiialry.'] Re-
lating to chivalry, or errant knight-
hood ; knightly ; warlike ; adventurous ;
daring. A word now out of ufe.

And noble minds of yore allied were
In brave purfuit of chivalnut emprife. Fairy S).

CHI'VALRY. ». / [chevaUrie, Fr.
knighthood, from chcual, a horfe ; as
equts in Latin.]

1. Knighthood; a military dignity.

There be now, for martial encouragement, fomc
dfgrees and order » of chivalry ; which, ncvertheltfs,
are conferred promifcuoufty upon foidiers and no
foldiers. Bacn't F.Jpiys.

2. The qualifications of a knight; as, va-
lour, dexterity in arms.

Thou haft flain
The flow'r of Europe for his chivalry, Sbairff.

I may fpeak it to my Ihame,
I have a truant been to chivalry. Sbahefpearc.

3. The general fyitem of knighthood.

Solemnly he fwore.
That, by the faith which knights to knighthood

bore.
And whate'cr elfe to chivalry belongs,
He would not ceafe till he rcveng'd their wrongs.

Rryden.

4. An adventure ; an exploit. Not now
in ufe.

They four doing a£ls more dangerous, though
lefs famous, becaufe they were. but private chival-
ries. Sidney.

5. The body or order of knights.

And by his light
Did all the chivalry of England move
To do brave adls. Sbahffcarc.

6. In law.

Serviiium mi/itare, of the French chjyualier j a
tenure of land by knight's fervice. There is no
land but is holden mediately or immediately of
the crown, by fome fervice or other ; and there-
fore are ail our freeholds, that are to us and our
heirs, called feuda, f>:ts, as proceeding from the
benefit of the icing. As the king gave to the
nobles large pnfleflions for this or that rent and
fervice, fo tlicy parcelled out their lands, So re-
ceived for rents and ferviccs, as they thought
good : and thofe fervices are by Littleton divided
into chivalry and focage. The one is martial and
military ; the other, clowniih and mftick. Chi-
valry, therefore, is a tenure of fervice, whereby
the tenant is bound to perform fomc noble or mi-
litary ofSce unto his lord : and is of two forts ;
either teg il, that is, fucli as may hold only of the
king ; or fuch as may alfo hold of a common per-
fon as well as of the king. That which may iiold
only of the king, is properly called fergcantry ;
and is again divided into grand or petit, i. r. great
or fmall. CLivalry that may hold of a common
perfon, as well as of the king, is called fcutagium.

7. It ought properly to be written cbe-
vahy. It is a word not much ufed, but
in old poems or romances.

Chi'ves. ti,/. [cive, Fr. Skinner,']

1. The threads or filaments riling in
flowers with feeds at the end.

The mafculine or prolific feed contained in the
chivti or apircs of the itamina. Hay on the Cnati'ii.

2. A fpecies of fmall onion. Skinntr.

C H O

Chi.oro'sis. «./ [from ;jK«{^, green.]

The green-ficknefs.
To Choak. See Choke.
CHO'COLATE. ». /. [chocolate. Span.]

1 . The nut of the cacao tree.

The tree hath a rofe flowe.-, of a great number
of iietajs, from whofc empalement arifes the pointal,
being a tube cut into many parts, which becomes
a fruit fliaped fomewhat like a cucumber, and
deeply furrowed, in which are contained feverai
feeds, coUcfled into an oblong heap, and (lit down,
fomewhat like almonds. It is a native of America,
and is found in great plenty in feverai places be-
tween the tropicks, and grows wild. See Cocoa.

Miller.

2. The cake or mafs, made by grinding
the kernel of the c.ncao nut with other
fubftances, to be diffolved in hot water.

The Spaniards were the firft who brought cho-.
cclaie into ufe in Europe, to ptoreote the coa>
fumplion of their cacao-nuts, achiot, and other
drugs, which their Weft Indies furnilh, and which
enter the compofition of chocolate. Clamien.

3. The liquor made by a folution of cho-
colate in hot water.

Chccshre U certainly much the beft of thefe
t'lrce exotick liquors : its oil ferms to be both
rich, alimentar;-, and anodyne, jfrhih. (vjilim.

In funics of burning chocolate fliall glow.
And tremble at the fea that froths below ! Pope.
Cho'colate-house. n./. [chocoliUe Axxi
krou/e.] A houfe where company is en-
tertained with chocolate.

Ever fince that time, L'lf^nder hss been twice a
day at the chocolate-hiufi. Tatler.

ChOds. [the old preterite from cbitie.}
See Chide.
And Jacob was wroth, and cboje with Laban.

Genefis.

Choice, n. /. [choix, French.]

1. The aft of choofing; determination
between different things propofed ; elec-
tion.

If you oblige mp fuddenly to chufe.
The choice is made ; for I miift both refufe. Drydi»,

Soft elocution doth thy ftyle renown,
Centle or (harp, according to thy choice.
To laugh at follies, or to lalh at vice. Dryd. Perful,

2. The power of choofing; election.

Cloice there is not, unlcfs the thing which we
t.ik; be fo in our power, that we might have re-
futed it. If fire confume the ftable, it choofeth
not fo to do, becaufe the nature thereof is fuch
that it can do no other. Hotlier,

There's no liberty like the freedom of having it
at my own choice, whether I will live to the world,
01^0 myfclf. l," Ef range.

To talk of compelling a man to be good, is a
contradiilion ; for where tliere is force, there can
be no chiue. Whereas, all moral goodnefs confifteth
in the eleftive ail of tlie underftanding will.

Crtvi'i CojKolcgia Sacra.

Whether he w'lll remove his contemplation from
one idea to another, is many times in his choice.

Locke.

3. Care in choofing ; curiofity of diftinc-
tion.

Julius Catfar did write a colleftion of apoph-
thc,gms : it is pity his book is loft ; for 1 imagine
they were colle£ied with judgment and choice.

Bactii's jifofhihegms.

4. The thing chofen ; the thing taken, or
approved, in preference to others.

Your choice is not fo rich in birth as beauty ;
TJiat you might well enjoy her. Shakifpeare.

Take to thee, from among the cherubim.
Thy dace of flaming warrioi<rs.

Milton I Paradife L-iji.

Now, Mars, (he faid, let fame cx.ilt her voice -
Not let thy coni^ucfls only be bei choice. P'or,

5- The

C H O

5. The beii part of any thing, that is
more properly the objedl of choice.

The c/hi.-if anil flower of all things profitable in
other books, tlic Pfalms do both more briefly
contain, and more movingly alfoexprcfs. Hcrkcr,

Thou art a mighty prince : in the cimt ol" our
fepulcbtes bury tby dead. Genefis,

Their ridors, the flow'r and choice
Of many pro\inces, from bound to bound. Milttm,

6. Severalthings propofed at once, as ob-
jefts of judgment and eledlion.

A braver chi.c of dauntlefs fpirits
Did never float upon the fw-elling title. Hhakiff,

7. To make Choice of. To choofe ; to
take from feveral things propofed.

Wifdom of what herfelf approves mjfu ch'.ici.
Nor is led captive by the common vrt'ce. Dcttham,

Choice, adj. [ckciji, French.]

1. Seleil ; of extraordinary value.

After having fet before the king the ihoktji of

winej and fruits, he told him the bcft part of his

entertainment was to come. Guardian,

Thus, in a fca of folly tofs'd.

My choUiJ} liours <yi life are lift. S^vi/t,

2. Chary; frugal; careful. Ufed of per-
fons.

He that is ctcice of his time, will alfo be cbcict
of his company, and ebeke of his actions.

TajfJor^i Hily Livirtg*

Cho'iceless. ai/J. [from chut.'] With-
out the power of chooung; without right
of choice ; not free.

Neither the weight of the matter of wiiich the
cylinder is made, nor the round voluble form of
it, are any more imputable to that dead chokclcfi
creature, than the firllmotiorfof it ; and, therefore,
it cannot be a fit refemblance to flicw the recon-

_ cileablencfs of fate with choice. Hammind.

Cho'icely. ad'v. \Jiom choice.'^

1. Curioudy; with exaft choice.

A band of men,
Collcfled cb'Acely from each county fornc. Sbak.

2. Valuably; excellently.

Jt is certain it is cbukcly gond. WalHiiCi jinrlir.

Cho'icenhss. 71./. [from choice.'] Nice-
ty; particular value.

Carry into the /hade fuch auriculas, fcedlings,
or plants, as are for their, choicemfi rcfcrved in
pots. Evtlyn't KalenJar.

CHOIR. «./. [chorus. Latin.]

1. An affembly or band of fi.igcrs.

They now afljil the choir
Of angels, who their fongs aJmirf. Waller.

2. The fingers in divine worlhip.

The choir^
With all the choiceft mufick of the kingdom,
Toget.-.er lung Te D,um. Shakcjprare.

3. The part of the church where the cho-
rifters or fingers are placed.

The lords and ladies, having Drought the queep
To a prepar'd place in the ctcir, fell off
At dirtance from her. ■ Sthakdfftcre.

To CHOKE, "v. a. [aceocan. Sax. from
ceoca, the check or mauth. According to
Mmjhe^v, from Dn ; from whence, pro-
bably, the Spanifh ahogat:]

1. To fuffocate ; to kill by Hopping the
paflage of refpiration.

But when to my good lord I prove untrue,
I'lUioitrayfeif. Shakefpeari.

While you thundcr'd, clouds of duftdid chekc
Contending troops. Waller.

2. To flop up ; to obftruft ; to bJock up a
paiTage.

Men troop'd up to the king's capacious court,
Whofc porticos were <i«*Vwith the rcfort.

Chaf^nan.

They are at a continual expencc to deanlc tlic
TOrts, and keep them from bcicg thtifj up, by the
help of feveral cagines. Addifir. m Italy.

Vol.1.

(C H O

While pray'rs and tears his deftin'dprogrefs Hay,

And crowds of mourners chakc their fov'reign's

way. ^i^kell.

3. To hinder by obftruftion or conEne-
ment.

As two fpcnt fwimmers, that Jo cling together.
And choke their art. Sbakejpcare.

She cannot lofe her perfeft pow'r to fee,
Tho' mifts and clouds do chokt her window-light.

Davies,

It feemeth the fi-.e is fo choked, as not to be
able to remove the ftonc. Bacoti^s Natural Hijiory.

You muft make the mould big enough to contain
the whole fruit, when it is gr^jwn to the gvcateft ;
for clfe you will choke the fpreading of the fruit.
Bacon I Natural llijiory.

The fire, which chok'J in alhes lay,
A load too heavy for his foul to move,
Was upward blown below, and brufliM away by
love. Dryden,

4. To fupprefs.

And yet we.ventnrM ; for the gain pi'OposM
Ctni^d the refpcQ pf likely peril fear'd. Shakefp.

Co\)fefs thee fretly of thy fin !
For to deny each article with oatli,
Canno^ remove nor choke the ftrong conception
That J do gtoari withal. ' Shakejpeare,

J. To overpower.

And that which fell among thorns are they
which, when they have heard, go forth, and are
ch'ked with cares, and riches, and pleafures of this
life, and bring no fruit to perfection. Luke.

No fruitful crop the fickly fields return;
But oats and darnel cboke the rifing corn.

Drydcrt's Paji.

Choke, n.f. [from the verb.] The fila-
mentous or capillary part of an arti-
choke. A cant word.

Choke-pear. n.f. [from choke and pear.]

1. A rough, harlh, unpalatable pear.

2. Any afperfion or farcafm, by which an-
other is put to filence. A low term.

Pardon mc for going fo low as to talk of giving
choke-fears. ClariJJit.

Cho'ker. n./. [from choke.]

1 . One that chokes or fufFocates another.

2. One that puts another to filence.

3. Any thing that cannot be anfw^red.
Cho'ke-weed. n.f. [ervangina.] A plant.
Cho'ky. adj. [from choke.] That which

has the power of fuftbcation.

Cho'lagogues. a,/. [xoA©-, iile.] Me-
dicines which have the power of purg-
ing bile or choler.

CHO'LER. »./, [cholera, Lat.from x'^''-]

1. The bile.

Marcilius Ficimus increafcs thefc proportions,
adding two more of pure choler.

Wotton on Education.

There would be a main defeft, if fuch a feeding

animal, and fo fubjcft unto difcafes from bilinus

cauftiS, fhould want a proper conveyance for cHler.

Broivn^s Vulgar Errouri.

2. The humour which, by its fuper-abun-
dancc, is fuppofed to produce irafcibi-
lity.

It engenders ctoler, planteth anger ;
And better 'twere that b th of us did faft.
Since, of ourfclvcs, ourfelves arc cholerick.
Than feed It with fuch over-roafted flerti.

Hbttkijfeare.

3. Anger; rage.

Hut him to f holer ftraight : he hath been ufed
Ever to conquer, and to have his w -rd
Of conttadiition. .Siakefpeare.

He, mcthinks, it no great fcholar,

Wiio can miftaWc dcfirc for choier. Prior.

Cho'lerick. adj. [chokriciu, Latin.]
I . Abounding with choler. 1

C H O

I Our two great poets being fo di/Fcrent in their

tempers, the one cboUrick a?id fangulne, the other
phiegmatick and mclancholick. Dryden*

2. Angry; irafcible : ofperfons.

Bull, in the miin, was an honeft, plain-dealing
fellow, cholerick, bold, and of a very unconrtanc
temper.^ Arbuthrtot.

3. Angry ; ofFenfive : of words or adions.,

There came in choleriik halle towards me .ibout
ftfven or eight knights. Sidney,

Becanus threateneth all that read him, ufiiig his
confident, or rather cholerick, fpeech.

Raleigh'i Hipciry of the World.
Cho'lerickness. n. /. [from cholerick.]

Anger ; irafcibility ; peeviflinefs.
To CHOOSE. -J. a. I cho/e, I have cho/en,
or cho/e. [choi/ir, Fr. ceopan. Sax. ktc/en.
Germ.]

1 . To take by way of preference of feve-
ral things oifcred ; not to reje£l.

Did 1 chooje him out of all the tribes of Ifrael
to be my prieft ? i Silvi. ii. 2S.

I may neither chooje whom I woulJ, nor refufe
whom I diflike. Shakefpeare.

If he Ihould offer to chaife, and cbioj'e the light
cafliet, you fhould refufe th perform your father's
will, if you Ihould refufe 1 1 sccept him. Shakefp.

2. To take ; not to refufe.

Let us choofe to us judgment ; let us know
among ourfelves what is good. fob.

The will has ftill fo much freedom left as to
enable it to cboofe any adt in its kind good; as alfo
to refufe any aft in its kind evil. Scurf/ s Sermons,

3. To feledl ; to pick out of a number. •

How much lefs Ihall I anfwer him, and choofe
out my words to reafon with him ? Job,

4. To eleft for eternal happinefs ; to pre-
deflinate to life. A term of theologians.

To Choose, 'v. n. To have the power of
choice between different things. It is
generally joined with a negative, and
fignifies mull necefTarily be.

Without the influence of the Deity fupporting
things, their utter annihilation could not choofe but
folk'W. - llooker.

Knaves abroad,
Who having by their own importunate (uir
Convinced or fupplicd them, they cannot choofe
But they muft blab. Sbakejfeare.

Wlien a favourite fliall be ralfed upon the foun-
dation of merit, then can he not choofe but profper.

Bacon*

Threw down a golden npple in her way ;
For all her haOe, (he could not choofe but ftay.

Dryden.

Tkofc who are perfuaded that they (h^l continue
for ever, cannot choofe but afpire after a happinefs
commenfuiate to their duration. Tilhifon,

Cho'oser. «. / [from choc/.] He that
has the power or office of choofing ;
eleftor.

Come all into this nut, quoth ilie ;
Come clofely in, be rui'd by me ;
Each one m.iy here a choofer be.

For room you need not wrcftle. Drayton.

In all things to deal with other men, as if I
might be my own choofer.

Hammond^ s PraSlical Catechifm.

This generality is not futficient to make a good

choofr, without a more particular contrafti'^n of

his judgment. ^ Wotton.

To CHOP. i>, a. [kappen, Dut. couper,

French.]
I. To cut with a quick blow.

What fli.ill we do, if we perceive
Lord Hafting'; will not yield to our complots ?
■I— -C/jQ/> f-ff his head, man. Shakefpeare,
Within thefe three days his head is to br chopt
oft'. Shakelpeare,

And where the cleaver fiiifi the heifer's (pnil,
Thy breathing noltril hold. Gay'i Trivia.

R r 2. To

C H O

z. To devour eagerly : with up.

You are for making a hifty mtal, and for cl»f-
f'ag up your entertainmenc like an hungry clown.

Drydia.
Upon the opening of hit mouth he drops his
breakfail, which the fox prefently chif-pcd up.

L'Efirangt.

3. To mince ; to cut into fmall pieces.

Thty break their bones, and chip them in pieces,
as for the pot. Allceh.

Some granaries are made with day, mixed with
hair, ctifptd draw, mulch, and fuch like.

Afart'mcr'i Hujl-a?idry.

By dividing of them into chapters and vcrfes,
they are fo ctiippcd and minced, and ftand fo
broken and divided, that the common people take
the verfes ufuaily for different aphorifms. l,(xkt.

4. To break into chinks.

I remesiber the cow's dugs, that her pretty
ri<t/>f h nds had milked. ShaUjpeari,

To Chop. v. n.

1. To do any thing with a quick and un-
expeifled motion, like that of a blow :
as we fay, tfee wind chops about, that is,
changes fuddenly.

If the body repercuffing be near, and yet not fo
near as to make a concurrent echo, it ctopptth with
yoo upon tlie fudden. Bacon t Natural Hipry.

2. To catch with the mouth.

Out of grcedinefs to get both, he chcpi at the
fliadow, and lofes the fubllance. Lt^range.

3. To light or happen upon a thing fud-
denly : with upon,

7« Chop. <v. a. [ceapan. Sax. ioopen, Dut.
to buy.]

1. To purchafe, generally by way of truck ;
to give one thing for another.

The d'cppirg of bargains, when a man buys not
to hold but to fell again, gtindeth upon the feller
and the buyer. Bacon.

2. To put one thing in the place of ano-
ther.

Sets up communities and fenf-s.
To ct^ and change intelligences. HuMras.

Affirm the Trigons ctipp' d ini cha.ngM,
The watry with the fiery rang'd. IhMras.

We go on chupf'mg and t hanging our friends,
as well as our horlcs. VEprangc.

3. To bandy ; to altercate ; to return one
thing or word for another.

_ _ Let not the counJl at the bar rfj^ with the
judge, nor wind himfelf into tiic hand.mg of the
caufe anew, after the jud^e hath declared his
fentence. ^^ j^_

_ You'll never leave off your chopping of logick,
till yourikin is turned over your ears for prating.

L'ijlrange.

Chop. n./. [from the verb.]

I. A piece chopped off. See Chip.

Sir William Capel compounded forfixtcen hun.
dred pounds; yet Empf.n would have cut anothe,
cicfiout of him, if the king had n tdied. Bacon.

%. A fmall piece of meat, commonly of
mutton.

Old Crofs condemns all perfons to be frp;.
That can't regale themfelves with mutton chcpj.

Jiir.g's Cook.

3. A crack, or cleft.

- Water will make wood to fwcll ; as we fee In

the filling of the dp, of bowls, by laying them in

^'""■■- Bacon.

Chop-house. «./. [from chop znAhou/e.]
A mean houfe of entertainment, where
provifion ready dreflied is fold.

I loft my place at the chep.to:ifi, where every
man eats in publick a me& of broth, or chp of
m-at. in filence. SpcHaltr.

CHO-PIN. n.f. [French.] ^

I. A French liquid meafure, containing
nearly a pint of Wincheiler.

C H O

2. A term ufed in Scotland for a quart of
wine meafure.

CHOfvivG. participial adj. [In this fenfe,
of uncertain etymology.] An epithet
frequently applied to infants, by way
of ludicrous commendation : imagined
by Skinner to fignify lujlj, from cap.
Sax. ; by others to mean a child that
would bring money at a market. Per-
haps a greedy, hungry child, likely to
live.
Both Jack Freeman and Ned Wild
-Would own the fair and chopping child. Fenlon.

Chopping-block. a./, [chop and iloci.]
A log of wood, on which any thing is
laid to be cut in pieces.

The Itraight fmooth elms are good for axle-trees,

beards, chtpping-blucit. Mortimer'i Hujbandry.

Choppincknife. n.f. [chap and ini/e.]

A knife with which cooks mince their

meat.

Here comes Dametas, with a fword by his Cde,
a foreft-bill on his neck, and a chopping-knife
under his girdle. Sidney.

Cho'ppy. adj. [from chtip.'\ Full of holes,
clefts, or cracks.

You feem to underftand me.
By each at once her choppy finger laying
Upon her (kinny lips. Shahefpeare.

Chops, n. f. without a fingular. [cor-
rupted probably from Chaps, which
fee].

1. The mouth of a beaft.

So focn as my cbopt begin to walk, yours muft
be walking too, for company. h'Efirangc.

2. The mouth of a man, ufed in contempt.

He ne'er Ihook hands, nor bid farewel to him,
Till he unfeAm'd him from the nape to th' chops.

Shakcfpcare,

3. The mouth of any thing in familiar
language ; as of a river, of a fmlth's
vice:

Cho'ral. flfljr. [from chorus, Lat.]

1 . Belonging to, or compofing a choir or
concert.

All founds on fret by ftring or golden wire
Temperd fift tunings intcrmix'd with voice,
Ch-ir.il or unifon. Mi/ton.

Cleral fymphonies. Mi/ton.

2. Singing in a choir.

And. fiord/ feraphs fung the fecond'day.

yfmhurfl.

CHORD. «. /. [chorda, Lat.] When it
fignifies a rope or ftring in generar, it
is written cord : when its primitive fig-
niiication is preferved, the h is retain-
ed.

1. The ftnng of a mufical inftrnment.

Who mov'd
Their flops and chords, was f.jeii ; his volant touch
InfHnQ t!iro' all proportions, low and high.
Fled and purfi.ed tranfverfe the rcfonant fugue.

Milieu.

2. [In geometry.] A right line, which
joins the two ends of any arch of a cir-
cle.

To Chord, v. a. [from the noun.] To
furnifli with ftrings or chords ; to ftring.

What palTiun cannot mufick raife and quell .'

When Tubal ftruck the (horded (hell.

His lift ning brethren ftood around. Drydcn.

Chorde'e. n. /. [from chorda, Lat.] A

contraftion of the froenum.
Cho'rion. ;;./ [;i(;i{ir>, to contain.] The

outward membrane that enwraps the

fcctus.

C H O

C H o'r r s T E R . n.f. [from chorus.l

1. A finger in cathedrals, ufuaily a finger
of the lower order; a finging boy.

2. A finger in a concert. This fenfe is, for
the moft part, confined to poetry.

And let the roaring organs loudly play
The pralfcs of the Lord in lively nutej ;
The whiles, with hollow throats,
The cborif.os the joyous anthem fing. Spinjer,

The new-born phsnix takes his way j
Of airy cLoriJIers a numerous train
Attend his progrcfs. Diydcn.

The mulical voices and accents of tlie aerial
choriflcrs, Ray on the Creadon,

Choro'crapher. n.f. [from x^'^^j a
region, and 7|<x^w, to defcribe.] He that
defcribes particular regions or countries.

Chorocra'phical. adj. [See Choro-
GRAPHER.] Defcriptive of particular
regions or countries ; laying down the
boundaries of countries.

I ha>e added a cherograpHcal defcriptlon of this
terrcftrial paradife. Raleigh's Hi/lory ofihc World,

Chorogr a'phic ally; ad-j. [from cbo-
rographical.] In a chorographical man-
ner ; according to the rule of chorogra-
phy ; in a manner defcriptive of p.ir-
ticular regions.

Choro'ciaphv. n.yl [SeeCnoROCR A-
p h c R.] The art or pradlice of defcrib-
ing particular regions, or l.iying down
the limits and boundaries of particular
provinces. It is lefs in its objcft than
geography, and greater than topography.

Cho'rus. n.f. [chorus, Latin.]

1 . A number of fingers ; a concert.

The Grecian tr.igedy was a; (iift nothing but a
c/«rBi of fmgers : afterwards one aftor was intro.
duced. Dryder.

Never did a more full and unfpotted chotus of
human creatures join together in a hymn 01 devo-
tion. AJdiJtn.

In praife fo juft let every voice be join'd.
And fill the general clzrus of m.inkind ! Pc/'c,

2. The perfons who are fuppofed to be-
hold what paflcs in the afts of a tragedy,
and fing their fentiments -between the
aas.

For fupply.
Admit me chorus to this hiftory. Shahefpeare,.

3. The fong between the afts of a tragedy,

4. Verfes of a fong in which the com-
pany join the finger.

Chose, [the preter tenfe, and fometimes
the participle paffive, from To choofe.]
Our foveteign here above the nil might (land.
And here be cbofe again to rule the land. Drydcn,

Cho'sen. [the participle paffire from To,
choofe. "^

If king Lewis vouchfafe to furnilh us
With fome few bands of cbofin IbldicfS,
I'll undertake to land them on our coaft. Sbat,

Chough, n. f. [ceo. Sax. choucas, Fr.l
A bird which frequents the rocks by rfie
fea fide, like a jackdaw, but bigger.

Hanmer.

In birds, kites and keftrels have a rele.-nblance

with hawks, crows with ravens, daws and choughs.

Bacon's Natural UiJIory.

To crows the like impartial grace affords.

And choughs and daws, and fuch rcpublick birds.

Drydcn,

Choule. n.f. [commonly pronounced and
written yVW.] The crop of a bird.

Theriox/e or crop, adhering unto the lower fide
of the bill, and fo defcending by the throat, is a
bag or fache!. Brnvn's Vulgar Errouru

To

C H R

C H R

C H R

To Chouse. -». a. [The original of this
word is much doubted by Skinner, who
tries to deduce it from the French goffer,
to laugh at ; or jonchtr, to wheedle ; and
from the Teuto^ick kofcn, to prattle. It
is perhaps a fortuitous and cant word,
without etymology.]

1. To cheat; to trick ; to impofe upon.

Freedom anJ zeal have ri>paiV you o'er and o'er;
Pray give us leave to bubble you once more. Dryti.

Frvim London they came, lilly people to cbouft.
Their lands and their faces unknown. S-wift.

2. It has of before the thing taken away
by fraud.

When geefe and pullen are feduc'J,
And lows e/" fucking pigs are choused. Hudih^-as.

Chousf. n.f. [from the verb. This word
is derived by Henjhaiu from hiaus, or
chiaus, a meflenger of the Turkifh court ;
who, fays he, is little better than a/so/.]

1 . A bubble ; a tool ; a man fit to be
cheated.

A fottilh cheuff.
Who, when a thief h.ii robbed hi$ houfe,
Applies himfelf to cunning men. Hudibrat*

2. A trick or Iham.

To Cho'wter. 'V. n. To grumble or

mutter like a froward child. Phillips.

Chrism, n, / [xfif^ta, an ointment.]

Unguent, or unAion : it is only applied

to facred ceremonies.

One adt, never to be rereared, is not the thing
that Chrift's eternal pricfthood, denoted el'pecially
by his undkion or clrij'm, refers to.

Hjmm'jTid^t Frafiical Catechljm.

Chri'som. ti.f. [See Chrism.] Achild
that dies within a month after it» birth.
So called from the chrifom-cloth, a cloth
anointed with holy unguent, which the
children anciently wore till they were
chriftened.

When the convullions were but few, the number
of cir'iJbirtinA infants was greater.

Graunt'i BitU of Mortality*

7«i Chri'sten. v. a. [chjiij-cnian. Sax.]
1. To baptize ; to initiate into chrilUani-
■ ty by water.
z. To name ; to denominate.

Wiicre fuch evils 4S tliefc reign, chnjien the thing
what you will, it can be no better than a mock
millenulum. Bumti.

Chri'stendom. n.f. [from Chrijl and
tlom.] The coUeftive body of chriftiani-
ty ; the regions of which the inhabitants
profeis the chriilian religion.

What hath been don**, the parts of cirijlend'im
moil alh;dtcd CJQ bcfl ti.'iif^. llookir.

And ol Jrr ao'l a letter joldicr, none
That clrtfltfuiam givci out. SlokeJ^tare.

His compuutioD j< univerfally received over all
chrifiendiim^ » Ihldir en Time.

Chrx's TENiNG. >!./. [from the verb.]
The ceremony of the firll initiation Into
chriiHanity.

The queen was with great folcmnity crowned
91 Weftminftcr, ab'Jut two jcars after the marriage j
. like an old chrj/lcning that had ftaid long for god-
fathers. Bjiin.

We (hail infert the caufcs why the account of
tbrijitmngt hath been neglected more than tliat ol
barials. Grauni.

The day oRthe chriftimttg being come, the houfe
wti fiUcii with goflipi. ylihuthmt and Pipe.

CHRI'STIAN. «."/ [Cbrifliams, Lat.]
A profeflbr of the religion of Chrift.

We. rl'rijiitini have certainly the bell and the
hortett, the wiled and niojl teafonablc, rclifiion in
the worid. lilUtfan.

C H R I's T I A N . adj. Profefllng the religion
of Chrift.

I'll not be made a fjft and dull-eyed fool,
To Ihake the head, relent, and figh, and yield
To cbrijiian interceifors. Shak.Jfeare.

Christian-name. »./ The name given
at the font, diftinft from the gentilitious
name, or furname.

C H R I 's T I A N I s M . n, f. \_chrijlianifmus ,
Lat.]

1. The chriftian religion.

2. The nations profeffing chrlftianlty.
Christi a'n iTv.B.yi [rA;<?//>«ff, French.]

The religion of chrilHans.

God doth will that couples, which are married,

both infidels, if either party be converted into chrij-

tiartify, this Ihoutd not raake feparation. Jiiakcr.

Everyone, who lives in the habitual praflicc of

any voluntary fin, cuts himfelf off from ckrijiiiinity,

Mdifin.

To Ch Ri'sTi ANizE. "v. a. [from chrij-
tian.] To make chriftian ; to convert to
chriftianity.

The principles of Platonick pliilofophy, as it
is now chriftianixtd. Drydcn.

Chri'stiani.y. adv. [from chriftian.^
Like a chriilian ; as becomes one who
profcffes the holy religion of Chrilh

Ch Ri'sTMAS. n.f. [from Chujl a.ndmafs.]
The day on which the nativity cf our
blelFed Saviour is celebrated, by the
particular fervice of the church.

Christmas-box. n.f. [from chrijimai
and box.'\ A box in wluch little prefents
are coUefted at Chriilmas.

When time comes round, a Chrifmas-btx they
bear.
And one day makes them rich for all the year.

Gay*! Tri'uia.

Christmas-flower, n.f. Hellebore.

Ch rist's-thorn, n.f. [So called, as
Skinner fancies; becaufe the thorns have
fome likenefs to a crofs.] A plant.

It hath l;)r.g Iharp fpines : the flower has five
leaves*, in fi>rm of a rofe : out of the flower-cup,
which is divided into feveral figments, rifes the
pointal, which becomes a fruit, fiiapcd like a bon-
net, ha\ing -a flieil almoft jlohul.ir, which is di-
vided into three cells, in rath of which is con-
tained a roondilh feed. This is by many pcrfons
fuppofed to be the plant from which our Savinur'i
crown of thcjrns was cjmpofed. Miller.

Chroma'tick. adj. [;^;j4;/*«, colour.]

1. Relating to colour.

1 am now come to the third part of painting,
which is called the clrnr.aitik, or colouring.

Drvdcni Vufrefncy.

2. Relating to a certain fpecics of aiicicin
mufick, now unknown.

It was obfcTved, he never touched his lyre in

fuch a truly ctnmalict and enhiirmonick ni inijrr.

jirhuihnot and Fi.fe.

Chro'nicaI-. 7 ,. re ' ..•_ 1

Chko'mck. V'J- [fron.;c5-<.ttme.]

A chrcnicel diiVi-mpcr is of Icnsth } as dropfir<.
afthmis, and t!io iilce. " iiluin.y.

Of difeafcs fome are ehnmcal, and of long du-
ration ; as quananc agues, fcurvy, wherein «c
defer the cure unto more advanlag-ous feafons.

BriiTvn'l l^itlgnr Evriur^.

The lady's ufe of thefc t-xcellencies is to divert
the old m jn when he is out of the pangs of a chn-
nical diftcmper. .S^f,-7,i/or.

CHRO'NICLE. n.f lchroniq;e, Fr. from

X^o»^, time.]
I . A regifter or account of events ia order
. of time.

No more yet of this ;
For 'tis a chytnicU of day by day.
Not a relation for a breakfaft. Sbattfpiare.

2. A hiftory.

You lean too confidently on thofe IriiTi chronicles,
which ate moft fabulous and forged.

Spenfer en Ireland.
If from the field I Ihould return once more,
I and my fword will earn my chronicle.

Shakcfpeore''s Anteny and Cleopatra.
I am traduc'd by tongues, wluch neither know
My faculties nor perfon, yet will be
The chronicles of my doing. Shakefpeare,

I give up to hiftorians the generals anu heroes
which crowd their annals, together with thofe
which you are to produce for the Biitilh chronicle.

Vrydcn.

To Chro'mcle. 1'. a, [from the noun.]

1. To record in chronicle, or hiftory.

This to rehearfc, flioulJ rather be to chrcnide
times than to fearch into reformation of abui'es in
that realm. ' Sfenfcr.

2. To regifter; to record.

For now the Devil, thjt told me I did well,
Says that this deed is chronicled in hell.' Shakejp.

I.ovc is your maftei-, for he niafters you :
And he that is fn yoked by a fool,
Methinks, (hoiild not be chrcnicled for wife. Fhak.

I (hall be the jcft of t'le town ; nay, in two days
lexpefl to be chronicled in ditty, and fung in woe-
ful ballad. Congrcve,
Chro'nicler. n.f. [from chronicle.]
I. A writer of chronicles ; a recorder of
events in order of time.

Here gathering chroniclers, and by them ftand
Giddy fantalHck poets of c.ich land. Donne.

z. A hiftorian ; one that keeps up the me-
mory of things paft.

I do herein rely upon thcfe bards, or Irifli cbro-

fiiclers, Sptnjcr.

This cuftom was held by the druids and bards

of our ancient Britons, and of latter times by the

Irirti chroniclers, called rimers.

. Raleigh's Hiftory of the World.

Chro'nogram. n.f. [j(;fo»®-, time, and
ypxtpu, to write.] An inlcriptiou includ-
ing the date of any aftion.

Of this kind the following is an ex-
ample :
Gloria laufque Deo (xCLorfM in (xcVH funto.
A cbronogramnjatical verfe, which includes not
only th's year, i66o, butnumcrical letters enough
to leacli above a thoufand years further, until the
year 2^67. Ho^uel

Ch RONOG-R amm a'tic AL. atl/. -'[from
c/hroriogrc!/,i.] Belonging to a chrono-
gram. See the laft example.

kCh RONOGR a'mM ATIST.S./ [ft Om -fArff.'

negram.] A writer of chronograms.

Then- ate foreign univerfities, where, as you
praife a man in England for being an excellent
philofopher or poet, it is an ordinary character to
be a great chronogrammatijl. Addil-r:.

Chrono'loger. n.f. [jf^w^, time, and
Xoy©-, doftrinc.] He th,it ftudies or ex-
plains the fcience of computing paft
time, or of ranging paft events accord-
ing to their proper years.

Chrtiiot.vtn differ among themfelies about moft
great epoclias. Holder on Time.

Chronolo'gical. adj. [from chronolo-
gy.] Relating to the doflrine of time.

Thus much Ijuchin^ the chronologicul adcjunt
of iouic times aud thing5 paft, without ccnfijiing
mylelf to tlie exadncfa of years.

Hale's Origin of Manilnd,

Chbokolo'cicali-v. adv. [from chro-
nological.] In a clironological manner ;
according to the laws or rules of chro-
R r 2 nology .

C H U

C H U

C H U

nology ; according to the exafl ferlet of
time.
Chrono'locist. »./ [See Chronolo-
OBR.] One that ftudies or explains
time ; one that ranges paft events ac-
cording to the crdsr of time ; a chrono-
loger.

According to tbefo cinnclegiftt, the prophecy of
the Rabin, that the world Ihould laft but Cx t!iou-
\fond years, has been long difprovcJ.

BrbVin*! Vulgar Errouri,

All that learned noife and duft of the chmn'JogiJi

is wholly to be aTQided. Loeke m EducatKit,

Chrono'logy. n. /. [yj^it^, time, and
^iiy®-, doftrine.] The fcience of com-
puting and adjufting the periods of time;
as the revolution of the fun and moon ;
and of computing time part, and refer-
ring each event to the proper year.

And the mcatare of the year not being fa per-
feAly known to the ancients, rend-red it wry dif-
ficult for them to tranfmit a true ctrmclogj to
fucceeding a^es. Hcljer on lime,

Where 1 allude to the cuftoms of the Greeks,
1 believe J may be juAlAed by the ftrtdtefl cbrfn-3-
Iff J ; th jugh a poet is not obliged te the rules that
confine an hiA-)rian. Prior,

Chrono'meter. n.f. [>J53»^ and fteV^o*.]
An inflrument for the exaft menl'ura-
tion of time.

Accuidii'.g to obfcrvation made with a pemiu-
lum cbrttimMer, a bullet, at its firll d. (charge, flics
five hundred and ten yards in five half Icconds.

Dirkam,

Chry'salis. n.f. [from p^e^y®-, gold, be-
caufe of the golden colour in the nym-
phje of fome infefts.] A terfti ufed by
fome naturalifls for aurelia, or the firft
apparent change of the maggot of any
fpecies of infedts. . Chambers.

Chry'solite. n.f. [j^ber©-, gold, and
>ii9®-, a ftone. ] A precious ilone of a
duflty green, with a call of yellow.

Wood'ward.
Such another world,
Of one intice and perfefl ihryjdite,
I'd not have f ild her for. Shakiheare.

If metal, part ftcm gold, part filver clear:
If ftone, carbuncle moft, or chryfMa.

MUtin'i PargdifeLcJi.

Chryso'pr ASUS. »./ [;^;i!.'ji&-, gold, and
prafinus, green.] A precious (tone of a
yellow colour, approaching tq green.

The ninth a topa*, the tenth a Urjfo^rafu!. Rev.

CHUB. ». / [from cop, a great head.
Skinner.'] A river fifli. The cheviii.

The cLut is in prime from Midmay to Candle-
mas, but bell in winter. He is full offmalj bones;
he eats watcrilh ; not firm, but limp and nftelefs :
neverthelcft he may be fo drelTed .is to make him
very good meat. ffai'tan'i Ar.gle'r.

Chu'bbed. adj. [from chub.'] Big-headed
like a chub.

To CHUCK, v. n. [A word probably
formed in imitation of the found that it
expreffes ; or perhaps corrupted from
thick.] To make a noife like a hen
when (he calls her chickens.

To Chuck. i'. a.

I. To call as a hen calls her young.

Then crowing cljfp'd his wingi, tli' appointed
call
To ehuci his wives together in the hall. DryJ.Fal.

Z. To give a gentle blow under the chin,
fo as to make the mouth iltike together.
4

Come, thuck the Infant ondtr the thin, force a
fmile, and cry. Ah, the boy takes after hU mo-
ther's relations. CMgrevi.

Chuck, n.f. [from the verb.]

1. The voice of a hen.

He made the etuei four or five times, that peo-
ple ufe to make to chickens when they call them.

Temple.

2. A word of endearment, corrupted from
chicken or chick.

Come, yoarproniife. What promife, cbncit

Shahfpeari.

3. A fudden fmall noife.

Chuck-farthing, n.f. [chuck a.ni far-
thing.] A play, at whieh the money falls
with a chuck into the hole beneath.

He loft his money at thjck-farlb'.Kg., Ih'ifflc.cap,
and all-fours. Arhiithmi't Hijiory of John Bull.

To Chu'ckle. -v. ». [fchaecken, Dut.] To
laugh vehemently ; to laugh convul-
fively.

What talc Ihall I to my old father t^ll >
'Twill make him chuckle thou 'rt bcftow'd fo well.

Drydtn.
She to intrigues was e'en harJ-hearted;
She ehuikled when a bawd was caited. Prkr.

To Chu'ckle. -k. a. [from chuck.]

1 . To call as a hen.

I am not fjr from the women's apartmenr, I am
fure ; and if thefe birds arc within diftance, here's
that will chuckle 'em together. JDryJen.

2. To cocker ; to fondle.

■ Your ccnfefiur, that parcel of holy guts and
garbidge J he mull chuckle you, and moan you.

Drydtn i Spemjh Vriar,

Chu'et n.f. [probably from To che'iv.]
-An old word, as it fcems, for forced
meat.

As for chiiett, which are likewife minced meat,
inftead of buttt-r and fat, it were good to moillen
them partly with cream, or almond or piftachio
milk. Bacon's Nal-ural Hijlory.

CHUFF, n.f. [A word of uncertain de-
rivation ; perhaps corrupted from chub,
or derived from kv.f, Welfh, a ftock.]
A coarfe, fat-headed, blunt clown.

Hang ye, gurbelliej knaves, are you undone?
No, ye fjt chuffs, I would your ftorc wt'e htrc.

^haitjpeare.

A lefs generous chuff than this in tl.e fable,
would have hugged his bags to the laft. L'KJIr.

Cho'ffilv. ad-v. [from chuffy.] Surlilyj
ftomachfuUy.

John anfwered cbuffly. Clari[p>.

Chu'ffiness. n.f. [iromchuffy.] Clown-
iflinefs ; furlineis.

Chu'ffy.a^'. \_hom chuff.] Blunt; fur-
ly; fat.

Chum. n.f. [chcm, Armorick, to live to-
gether.] A chamber fellow: a term
ufed in the univerfities.

Chumi>. ». / A thick heavy piece of
wood, lefs than a block.

When one is battered, they can quickly, of a
chump of wood, accommodate thcmfeives with an-
other. M-.xon.

CHURCH. ;;./. [cijic*. Sax. Kt-?.««i.]

1. The colledlive body of chriflians, ufual-
ly termed the catholick church.

The church, being a 'fupcrnitural foricf)', doth
differ from natural Ibcicties in this; that the pcr-
fons unto whom we alTociate ourfelves in the one,
are men, fimply confidercd as men ; but they to
whom we be joined In the other, arc God, angeh,
and holy men. H»ker.

2. The body of chriflians adhering to one
particular opinion, or form of worlhip.

The church is a religious artembly, or the large
fair building where they meet; and fometimcr
the fame word means a fynod of bilhopi, or nf
preihyters ; anl in fome placet it \> the pope aiid a
general council. fTaiti'i Lspck,

3, The place which chriftians confecrate^to
the worftup of God.

It comprehends the whole church, viz. the naiue
Or body of the church, together with the chancel^
which is even included under the word church.

Ajlffe'% Partrgm.

That churches were confccrated unto none but
the Lord only, the very general name chiefly doth
fvifliciently fhew : church doth fignify no other
thing than the Lord's houfe. Hxker.

Tho' you unty the winds, and let them fight
Againft the churches. Shakejfeare.

4. It is ufed frequently in conjun£Uoit
with other words ; as church-member, the
roemter of a church ; church-poiuer, fpi-
ritual or eccleliaftical authority.

To Church, -v. a, [from the noun.] To
perform with any one the office of re-
turning thanks in the church after any
fignal deliverance, as from the danger
of childbirth.

Church-ale. n.f. [from church and
ale.] A wake, or feaft, commemoratory
of the dedication of the church.

Fdr the cbarrh-ale, two young men of the paridi
are yearly chofen to be wardens, who make collec-
tion 'among the parifhiunciS of what provilion it
picafeih ll-.cm to bc.lov.-. Carcio.

Church-attire. I n. yT The habit in
which rneti officiate at divine fervice, '

Th-*fe and fuch like were their difcourfes,
tou' ' that church-attire, wh'ch v/.th us, for tU
in ■I'Sa.t, is ufedln publiciv prayer. Hooker,

Chu rch-authority. n.f. Ecdefiafti-
cal power ; fpiritual jurifditlbn.

In this point of church-eulhority, 1 Mve lifted all
the little fcraps alleged. ' Aitirlury.

Church-buria !,. n.f. Burial accord-
ing to the rites of the church.

The bilhop has the care of feeing that all chrif-
tians, after their deaths, be not dcilied chitich-
burial, according to the ufage and ciiftom of the
place. Aylffe's Parcrgorl.

Church-founder, n.f. He that builds
or endows a church.

Wliether einperors or biftinps in thbfi days were

thurcb-funders, the folei^n dedication of churcltes

they thought not to be a work in itfelf either vain

or fupcrftitious. Haokfri

Churchman. »./ [church Tini. man.]

1 . An ecclefiaftick ; a clergyman ; one
that minifters in facred things.

If any thing be offered to you touching the
church and cburcb-'men, or church-governmtrnt,
rely not only upon yourfelf. Baqon.

A very difficult work to do, to reform .ind re-
du<:e a church into Order, that had been fo long
negleftcd, and that was fo ill filleJ,by many weak
and more wilful cburchmen, Clireiidoti,

Patience in want, and poverty of mind,
Thefe marks ijt church and churchmen he defign'd,
And living Caught, and dying left behind.

Drydin'i Fables.

2. An adherent to the church of England.

Church-wardens, n.f. [See War-
den.] Officers yearly chofen, by the
confent of the niinifter and parilhioners,
according to the cuftom of each pl.ice,
to look to the church, church-yard, and
fuch things as belong to both ; and to
obferve the behaviour of the parilhion-
ers, for fuch faults as appertain to the
jurifdidion or cenfure of the ecclefiaf-

tical

C H U

tical court. They are i kind of corpo •

ration, enabled by law to fue for any

thing belonging to their church, or poor

■ of their pariih. Ctmiell.

There Ci mid like«>(e charch-ivartUm, of the
graveft men in the psrilh, be appointed, as they be
here in iinj^iand. Sperfer,

Our churcb-ivardens
Feaft on the Clyer, and give us the farthings; Gay.
Churchyard. ».y; The ground adjoin-
ing to the church, in which the dead
are buried ; a cemetery.

I am almolt afraid to iHnd alone
Bfre in \iit,(i»urihyerd, yet 1 will adventure.

In churcByardt where they bury much, the earth
wifl confume the corps in ftr shorter time tKan
other earth *ill. ' BMtcn.

No place fo faercj from fnch fops isTjarr'd )
Nor is Paul's church more fafe tlan Paul's.iarci'-

- y-'J- Peff.

CHURL, a. / [ceonl," Sax. carl, in Ger-
man, is ftrohg, ruliicks being always
obferved to be flrong bodied.]

1. A rurtick; a countryman; a labourer.

He hordetS himfelf a gcr.tlcinah, and fcoriieth
to Work or'<ifc any hard labour, which he faith is
the lifjp of a ptefant or churl.

^ . ' Spm/er's Statt of Inland.

One of the bafer fort, which they call clur/s,
being rcpraved tor his oath, anfwered conJidentJy,
tiiat bis lord cpraiisandcd hirn.

ifenfir'sSlati^Irclaiid.

Churl, iipoh thy eyes I throw

AW tire power tiiis charm doth owe. Sbahfffare.-

From thh light caiilfe th' infernal maid prepares

The country d/uVh to mifchief, hate, and wars.

' ■ « ■!'• , . ... Drydcn.

2. A rude, fijrly, ill-bred man.

A cburl'i, couriefy rarely comes, but either for
gain Or falfjhood, Sidney.

3. Amifer; a niggard ; a felfilh or greedy
wretch.

Poifon, I fee, bafh been his timelefs end !
0 churl, drink all, and leave no friendly drop
To help mc after ! Shaktffcare.

Chu RLI3H. aJj. [irom chttrl.'\
I. Rude; brutal; harih ; aultere ; four;
mercilefs ; unkind ; uncivil.

A fca of .Tjelting pearl, which fome call tears,
Tiiol'e at her father's churlijh feet flic trndcr'd.

Sbakejfctrt.
The interruption of their churhfi drums
Cuts off more i.ircumflance j they are at hand
To pafiy, or to fight. iibnki\b,arc.

A lion in love «*lth a laft, defired her lather's
confent. The anfwer was churlijh enough : Hc'<i
never marry his daughter to a brute. VEftrmt'.
He the purfuit oi ikt/rlijh beafts
Prefcrr'd to (lerping cm her brcaft;. pyalUr.

2. Selfifli ; avaricious.

The man vm chxrlifr and evil in his doings.

«. . ' Samud.

This fuilcn tburUJh thief
Had all his mind pUc'd upun Muilv's beef. Kinr.

3. [Of things.] Unpliant; crofs-grained";
unmanageable ; harlh ; not yielding.

^,j If there be emilTion of fbiiit, the body of the
awtal will be hard and cbvrViJb. Bactm'i Nat. Ilijl.

The Cornifh wcr: become, like metal olteri
fired and qjcnched, ihurlijh, and that would fooner
break than bow. Bacon'i Henry Vll.

In the handreJs ef EITex they have a vciy cbur-
lijhh\ ue clay. M^iimo-; Hujhandr.y.

4. Vexatious; obftruflive.

■Will you a^ain unknit
This churlijh knot of all abhorred war ? Siahfp.
Spain fo'ind the war fo cburlijh and longfome, a-
they found they fhould confume therofclvcs in an
• endlcfi war. c^.

Spreads a path clear as the day,
Where no clurlijh rub fays nay. Crajktiv

C H Y

Chu'rlishly. ati-v^ ^IftoSL clmHiJh.\
• Rudely ; brutally. . ' .

To the oak, nolv regnant, the oiivo iMchurliJhly
■■ put over tlie fon ftf a.ijewatil of the fcrvi&e of his
^'■«-, - , ' Hc-uicl.

.Chi; rlishnejs

C 1 c

*. / [tfotn- (hui-fi^j ;

cyjihj-aiq-pe, Saxon.]- Brotafity; vng-
gednefs of maiiher. , '' ' ■"■ ':'■ -

I ■ Btoer is tht ihutlifirsfi of attian tliWa ctnir-

(eous woman. ■ Ecclut. Hii. 14.

In the charMpnth of fortune, a poor honeft man

fuffers in this world. VEpangc.

Chvrme. »./ [more properly chirm,
from the Saxon cyjime, a clamour or
noife ; as to chirre is to coo as a turtle.]

[ A confufed found ; a noife.

; He was conveyed to the Tower, with the churme
of a thoufand taunts .ind reproaches. Bmon.

CHURN, it./, [properly chem, from ktm,
Dutch ; cejiene. Sax.] The veffel in
which the butter is, fay long and vio-
lent agitation, coagulated and feparated
from the ferous part of the milk.

Her aukward. fill did pe'er tipploy the clfura.-
^ G:ii'i Pajijrah.

,7o.Chuiim..v. a. [>f«'««;i Dutch.] .;'
. To agitate or ftiakc any thing by a vio-
lent motipti.

Perchance he fpdke not ; but
Like a fuU-acorn'd boar,.a churning on,
^'''^^ Ob. i Shchfpeare.

froth fills his, chaps; he fends a iri;ntiiu- fnund,
And part he civijj, _an4 pattbef- md.

'''■,, . ' . . iden.

CBurred in'his teeth tfie foiiiiy vcao.ij tofc.
• . '. . •: ''iHckfilf,,,.

The mtchanifm- of nature, in coirveninj iir
aliment, Confirts in mi«ing with it inim.il juiocs,
and in the aftioa uf the folid pajts, durning tiicnj
toget]:er. . Jrbutbnol on Mimcnli.

To irtakft butter by agitating thp milk.

The cbifriijiig of mi\k.bringet)> fojth bbtA^.

■' • ■', •. ' -•■>J '' ' •■■PMfris.

You may try the fores. pP imiginatioa, upjn
ftayiilg the coming of butter afier rlie liurn/nf:.

Bacm'i Natural Uijhty.

Chu'rrworm. »./ [fromo'fifian, SaV.]
An infeft that turns about nimbly;
called .ilfo a fancricket.

Siinjier. Phillip

To Chuse. See 7i) Choose.
Chyla'ceoits. ^<y. '[from; i:4i>/«.]r Be-
longing to chyle ; eo/ififti^ngpf chyle.

Wncn the fpirits of die cbyic hjve half fcr-
meHtcd the chylacuius mats, it has the ftate of
drink not ripened by fermentation.
^,.,,,. „ Fhycr on rh,- Hurtiiurs.

CHYLE. »./ [r-'^®-.] The white juice
formed in the flomach' by digcftioii'of
the aliment, and afterwards changed
into bload.

This powerful ferment, mingling with the parts.
The levcn'd mafs tu milky cbyk cohverts.

_, . Blacimtre.

the chyle cinnot pafs through the fmalleft
"'"■"=*«■ Arbulhnot.

Chylipa'ction. n.f. [homchyle.] The
aft or procefs of making- chyle in the
body. ' "

Drinking cxcefTivdy during the time of chyli-
fcllhn, ftops perfpiratinn. ArhithiM in Mmnt:.

Chylipa'ctive. ffrt)'. yUomchylu!, and
facio, to make, Lat.] Having the power
of making chyle.

Chylopoe'tick. adj. [x^^®- and^ro.-V]
Having the power, or the office, of form-
ing chyle.

i

According to tfhe force of tVtfhykpaetkk organs^

more or Icls chyle may Be cxtrafted from the fame

^ *=>'"*; yirbutkna.

Chy LOUS. adj. [from chyle.-\ Confifling

of chyle; p.irtaking of chyle.

Milk is the chykui pait of an animal, already

Chy MiCAL. 7 ,. r'l
Ch.y'mi ex. I ''^J- Uh.»>t<^!'i latin.]
U Made by chymiftry.
■nrl'-'^ tif"'! with waiting for thlt chyinkk gold.
Which fools us young, and beggars us when old. '
™, ... Drydcn.

The medicines are ranged in boxes, according
to their natures, whether chymHal or Galenical pre-
F^I"',"'".- Wan..

2. . Kelating to chymiftry.

Methinlcs already, from this chymick flame,
i fee a city -of more precious mold. Dryden.

With chymkk art txalts the min'ral pow'rs,
Ai)d diaws the aromatick. fouls of flow'rs. Pspe:

Chy Mic.,«.y; A chymift. Obfolete. .

The ancients obferving in that material a kind

or metallical nature, fecm to have refolved it into

n.i)Wer ufc : an aft now utterly loft, or perchance

kept up by a few chymicu mum.

Lhy MfCAXLY. adv. [from chyjuical.} In

a chymical manner.
CHY'MIST. n.f [See Chymistry.]
A profeflor of chymiftiy ; a philofopher
by lire.

The flarving chymift, in his golden views
Supi-emely blert. p,^,-, Effay ,n Man.

C H Y M I ST R Y. «./ [derived by fome from

^CVft.©-, juice. Of xva, toinelt ; by othcr^

from an oriental y/ord, kema, black. Ac-

• cording to the fuppdfed etyhiology, it i»

written with j or «■.]

.An .art whereby fcnlible bodies contained -m
veffe.s, or capable of being cojitained therein, are
lo changed by wans of certain inliruracnts, and
pnocjpaUv fire, that their levcral powers and vir-
tues are thereby difcovered, with a view to^)hiio-
...fophy or medicine. . Bocrhaa-ue.

. . . Wpi^rations of riy«j/?ry,fall ^ott of vital force e
no chymift can make milk or blood of grafs.
„ , " '■ ,. : '. ^rtutbv.ot on yi/imenn.

t,iflA RlofS. adj. [tiiarius, Lat. from,
cdus, food.] Relating to food ; ufeful
for food; edible.
Ci'eoL. «.j: [ciboule, Fr.] A fmall fort
of onion ufed in lali.ids. This word is
common in the Scotch dialed ; but the
/ is not pronounced.
CWc^k*, or fcallions, are a kind of de«ner.ite

CrCATRICE. 7 , , ^'"■'■■'""'

CrCATRIX. I "'J- \."'""-ix, Latin.

1. I'he fciir remaining after a wound

One captain Spurio, wuh Jiis ./«»,;«, an em-
blem of war, here on bis fmiftcr cheek. Shairft.

2. A mark; an impieffion : fo ufed by
ahakej'pcare Icfs properly. '

I..ean but vipi.n a rufh,
.The Cicatrice and capable impreirure
Thy palm fome moments keeps. Shahfpmre.

CiCATRi'sANT. n.f. [from cicatru-cA An
^ application that induces a cicatrice
Cic ATR I's. VL. «d>. [from«<^/r/r^.] Hav-
ing the qualities proper to induce a ci.
catrice. "

I. 1 he art ot healing the wound. '

A vciu burfled, or corroded in the lun^s. is
looked upon to be for the molt part incufable
bccaufeo. the motion and coughing of the lungs'
tearing the gap wider, and hindering the con.lu!'
tinauon and cu;<ur,MU,n of the vein. HaXcy.

2. The

C I L

2. The (late of being healed, or fkinned
over.

The firft ftage of heajing, or the difcharge of
matter, i» called digcftion : the fccond, or the fill-
ing up with fle(h, incarnation j and the laft, or
(kinning over, eicatrixaihn, Starf's Surgery.

To Ci'cATRizE, -v. a. [from cicatrix.)

1. To apply fudi medicines to wounds,
or ulcers, as heal and fkin them over.

^incy.

2. To heal and induce the flciii over a fore.

We incarned, and in a few ilavs cidUr'aud it
with a fmooth cicatrijc. fVifinan on Tumcurs.

Ci'cELY./r./ [myrrhis."] A fort of herb.

Cichora'ceous. adj. [from cichorium,
Lat.] Having the qualities of fuccory.

Dlureticks evacuate the fjlt ferum ; as all acid
diureticks, and the teftaceous and bitter cichwa-
tcMi plants. f/cjo-.

Cich'-pease. »./. \cicer.'\ A plant.

To CrCURATE. 'V. a. [cicuro, Lat.] To
tame ; to reclaim from wildnefs } to
make tame and tradable.

Poifons may yet retain £bme portion of their
natures J yet arc fo refrafted, ckuratcj, and fub-
ducd, as not to make good their dellruflivc ma-
lignities. Brmvni yulgar Emurs.

Cicura'tion. n.f. [from cicurate.'] The
aft of taming or reclaiming,irom wild-
nefs.

This holds not only in domeftick and manfucte
birds, for tlien it mitrht be the ert'eft n( cicuialkr:

. or inftitution; but in the wild. Ray en tbi Crcatkit.

CITDER. n.f. [cidre, Yl.fidra, ll^.f^ra,
Lat. o-ix/ja, .^^I:^]

J . All kind of ftrong liquors, except wine.
This fenfe is now wholly obfolete.

2. Liquor made of the juice of fruits
preffed.

We had alfo drink, wholefome and good wine

of the grape, a kind of cider made of a fruit nf that

' country ; a wonderful picafing and rcfrefliing

3. The juice of apples exprefl'ed and fer-
mented. This is now the fenfe.

To the utmoft bounds of thii
Wide univcrfe Silurian cider born,
• Shall pleafe all taftes, and triumph o'er the vme.

Philifi.

Ci'derist. k./. [from ciiier.] A maker
of cider.

When the cidtrifls have taken care for the bcft
fruit, and ordered them after the bell manner they
could, yet hath their cider generally proved pale,
fliarp, and ill tafted. Morlimcr.

Ci'derkin. n./ [from oV^r.]

A low word ufcd f >r the liq'jor made of the murk
orgrofs matter of apples, after the cider is prellcd
out, and a convenient quantity of boiled water
Atlded to it; the whole infufmg for about forty-
eight hour». Pti/lif I'l IVerld of ff^ords.

Cidtrkin is made for common dtioking, and fup-
' plicj the place of fmall beer. M»rlimir.

CiELiMO. n.f. SeeCtiLiNo.

CIERGE. n. f. [French.] A candle car-
ried in proceffions.

Ci'liary. culj. [cilium, L.it.] Belonging
to the eyelids.

The ciliary procefl' s, or rather the ligaments,
oVfcivtJ in the infidc of the fcletotick tuniclet of
the eye, do ferve inlleaj of a miifcle, by the con-
ttaflion, to alter the figure of the eye.

Ray on the Creat'tta,
CiLi'cious. adj. [fjom cilidum, hair^
cloth, Lat.] Made of hair.

A garment of camel's hair, that is, made of
fame texture of that hair ; a coaric f arment, a
cilicitut or facLdoth habit, fuitabie to the aufleritv
•f his lilc. Smvjt'i I'lilgJr Errturs.

I

G I N

Cima'r. SeeSiMAR.

Cl M e'l I A R C H , ». /. [from K«l/*ljXl«f;^{.]

The chief keeper of plate, veftments,
and things of value, belonging to a
church ; a church-warden. Dia.

Ci'meter. n. f. [cimitarra. Span, and
Portug. from chimeteir, Turkiih. Blu-
teait's Portugue/e Diaionary.l A fort of
fword ufed by the Turks, fliort, heavy,
and recurvated, or bent backward. This
word is fometimes erroneoufly fpelty?/-
mitar, nvti fcymiter ; as in the following
examples.

By Ms frimiiar.
That flew the fophy and a Pcrfian prince,
That won three fields of fultan Solyman. Shaieff.

Our armours now may ruft, our idleyryiriVrrj
Hang by our fides for ornament, not ufe. Drydcn.
Ci'ncture. n.f. [cinaura, L.at.]

1. Something worn round the body.

Now happy he, whofe cloak and cinBiire
Hold out this tempeft. Sbakefpeare.

Columbus found th' American fo girt
With feather'd cinSure, naked elfe, and wild.

Milieu.

He binds the facred ciiteiure round his breaft.

2. An indofure.

The court and prifun being within the cinHure
of one wall. Bacon's H.>iry VII.

3. [In architeflure.] A ring or lift at the
top and bottom of the Ihaft of a column ;
feparatingthe ftiaft at one end from the
bafe, at the other from the capital. It is
fuppofed to be in imitation of the girths
or ferrils anciently ufed to ftrengthen
and preferve the primitive wood co-
lumns. Chambers.

Cl'NDER. n.f. \ceindre, Fr. from cineres,
Lat.]

1 . A mafs ignited and quenched, without
being reduced to alhes.

1 Ihould make veiy forges of my cheeks,
Th.it wo'.ild to cinders burn up modelly.
Did but I ("peak thy deeds ! Shakrfbeare.

There is in fmiths cinders, by fomc adhefion of
iron, Ibmetimes to be found a magnetical opera-
tion. Broivii.

So fnow on ^tna does unmelted lie,
Whofe rolling flames and fcatter'd cirjen fly.

ffaller.

2. A hot coal that has ceafed to flame.

If from adown the hcpcful chops
The fat upon a cinder drops.
To ilinkin;^ fmoke if turns the flame. Svvif:.
CiN DER-WENCH. 7«./. [cinder And null-
Cl N D E R-wo MAN. J »«;!».] A Woman whofe
trade is to rake in heaps of alhes for
cinders.

'Tis under fo much nafty ruhbifh laid,
To find it out 's the cindcr-<wcman's traniv,

Effay en Satire.
She had above five hundred fuits of fine cloaais,
and yet went abroad like a cinder-'wench.

jirhuthxct'i Hiftory of John Bull.
In the black form of cinder-toencb Ihc came,
Vfheii love, the hour, the p(acc lia4 banifh'd
lliime. Gay-

emfiRATfON ti.f [from cinere!,Lzu]
The redudlion of any thing by fire to
alhes. A term of chymiftry.
Cineri't jous, adj. [cineridu!, Lat.]
■ Having the form or ftate of afhes.

Tlie nerves arife from tlic glands of tlie cineri-
tious part of the brain, and are terminated in all
parts 0 the body. ' ' Chcyne.

Cinb'rulent, adj. [from cinerts, Lat.]
fullofaOies. . '■ Dia.

C I o

Ci'ngle. n.f. [from cingulum, Lat.] A
girth for a horfe. DiB.

Ci'nnabar. n.f. \cinnabarisy Lat.] Cin-
nabar is native or faftitious; the fafU-
tious cinnabar is called vermilion.

Cinnabar is the ore out of which quickfilver is
drawn, and confiOs partly of a mercarial, and
partly of a fulphurco-ochreous matter.

Wcxd-ward's Met. Tofftls.
The particles of mercury uniting with the par-
ticles oi fulphur, compofe cinnabar, Ncivion'i Opt.

Cinnabar of Antimony, is made of mer-
cury, fulphur, and crude antimony.

Cl'NNAMON.».yr \cinnamomum, Lat.]The
fragrant bark of a low tree in the ifland
of Ceylon. Its leaves refemblc thofe of
the olive, both as to fubftance and co-
lour. The fruit refembles an acorn or
olive, and has neither the fmell nor taftc
of the bark. When boiled in water, it
yields an oil, which, as it cools and
hardens, becomes as firm and white as
tallow ; the fmell of which is agreeable
in candles. The cinnamon of the aa-
cients was different from ours. Chamb.

Let Araby extol her happy coaft
Her cinnamon and fweet amumum boaft. '

Drydtn's Fables.

Cinnamon Water is made by diftilling
the bark, firft infufed in barley waiter,
in fpirit of wine or white wine. Chamb.

CIN^E. n.f [French.] A five. It is
ufed in games alone ; but is often com-
pounded with other words.

Cinque-foil. n.f. {cinque feuille, Fr.J
A kind of five-leaved clover.

Cinque-pace.;?./ [cinque pas, Vt-I A
kind of grave dance.

Wooing, wedding, and repenting, is a Scotch
jig, a meafure, and a cinqve-face. The fiirt fuit is
hot and hafty, like a Scotch jig, and full as fan-
tallical; the wedding, mannerly and modeft, as a
meafurcfuii of ftatc and gravity; and then comes
repentance, and, with bis bad legs, falls into the
cirjue-face fafter and fader, till he finks into his
grave. Shakefpeare.

CiN quE-PORTS. n.f. [cinque ports, Fr.]

Thole havens that lie towards France, and
therefore have been thought Yy our kings to be
. fuch as ought molV vigilantly to be obferved againft
inyafi )n. In which rcfpeii, the places wliere tbey
arc have a fpecial govemour or keeper, called by
his ofEce Lord Warden of the cin-jue pons ; and
divers privileges granted to them, as a particular
jurifdidion ; their warden having the authority of
an admiral among them, and fending out writs in
bis own name. The cinjue ports are Dover, Sand.
w;ch, R;e, Haftin;}3, Winchelfea, Rumney, and
Hitbe ; forae of which, as the number exceeds
five, muft either be added to the firft inftitution
by fo.ne later grant, or accounted as appendants
to I'oine of the rell. CawelU

They, that bear
The cloth of ftatc above her, arc four barons
Of the W/Tjuf/iCT-ifj. atakekeare.

C I N <^ E -s po T T E D .(T<^'. Having five {pots.
On her Ic.'t breaft
A mole, einjue fpetled, like the crimfon drops
r til' bottom' of a cowflip. Sbakefpeare.

Ci'oK. n.J'. [fan, or fcicn, French.]

1 , A fprout ; a (hoot from a plant.

We h.ne rcifon to cool our raging motions, our
carnal (tings, our unbittcd lufts ; whereof I take
this, that you call love, to be a feft or cion. Sbak,

The ftately Caledonian oak, newly fettled in his
triumphant throne, begirt with cions of his own
royal ftem. Jlovtel.

2. The flioot engrafted or inferted on a
ftock. •

The

C I R

The c'lOH over-ruleth the ftock J and the ftock 13
lut pafTive, and giveth aliment, but no motion, to
'lis grifr. Bacct.

CrPHER

C I R

3. / [clii/ri, Fr. zi/ra, Ital.
a/ra, low Lat. from an oriental root.]

1. An arithmetical charafter, by which
fome number is noted ; a figure.

2. An arithmetical mark, which, ftanding
for nothing itfelf, increafes the value of
the other figures.

Mine were the very cifbrr of a funAIon,
To find the faults, whofe fine ftands in record,
And let go by the aflor. Skakifjcare.

It the people be fomewhat in the eleiSion, you
cjnnot make them nulls or cifhtn in the prii'stirn
or tranflation. Bacort,

As, in accounts, ciftert and figures paft for real
fums, fo names pals fur things. South-

3 . An intertexture of letters engraved ufu-
ally on boxes or plate.

Troy flam'd in burniih'd gold; and o'er the
throne.
Asms and thi Man in golden cifhtrt (hone.

Some mingling ftir the melted tar, and fome
Deep on the new-fhorn vagrant's heaving fide
To ftamp the mafter's cifher ready ftand. Thimfm,

4. A character in general.

Ill lucceeding tiawis this wifdom began to be
written in cifhin anj charafters, and letters bear-
ing the form of creatures.

Rjidgh'l Hijiory 0/ the Wirtd.

5. A fecret or occult manner of writing, or
the key to it.

This book, as long liv'd as the elements.
In c':fbtr writ, or new-made idioms. Dcnne.

He was plealed to command me to ftay at Ljii-
don, to fend and receive all his letters ; and I was
furniihed with mine feveral ciphers, in order to it.

Diniam.

7cCi'PHER. 1/. ». [from the noun.] To
praflife arithmetick.

You have been bred to bufmefs ; you can chitr :
1 wo.-.der you never ufcd your pen and ink.

^rfyutlnc!.

To "Ci'pHER. v. a. To write in occult

charafters.
He freijuented fermons, and penned notes : his

nt.tes he cijhired with Creek ch^aflers. IhyxuarJ.
To Cj'rCinaTH. i». a. [circino, Lat.] To

make a circle ; to compafs round, or

turn round. Bailey.

Ci RC I N a'tion. n.f. {cininatio, Lat.] An

orbicular motion ; a turning round ; a

meafuring with the compaffes. Bailej.
CI'RCLE. «.y: \_drculus, Latin.]
1. A line Continued till it ends where it

begun, having all its parts equidiftant

from a common centre.

Any thing thjt iriovcs round about in a cWdi,
in lefs time than our ideas are wont to fucceed
one anorhcr in our minds, is not perceived to
move; but feems to be a perfcdl intire circlr of
that matter, or cotour, and not a part of a circle in
motion. Lockt.

By a circh\ underdand not hercperfeft geome-
trical circle, but an oibicular figure, whofe length
is equal to its breadth; and which, as t. fenfe, may
fcem circular. NcviUn's Oftieis.

Then a deeper ftiU,
In circle following circlr, gatlicrs round
To clofe the face of things. Thomfons Summer.

2. The fpace included iti a circular line.

3. A round body ; an orb.

It is he that fitteth upon the circle of the earth.
_ ... - Jfeiab,

4. Compafs ; inclofure.

A great magician,
Obfcured in the eiriU of the forcft. StahJ/>tare.

. An affembly furrounding the pruicipal
perfon.

To have a box where eunuchs fing,
And, tbtemoft in the circle, eye a king.

Pope's Birace,

A company ; an aflembly.

I will cill over to him the whole circle of beau-
ties that are difpofed among the boxes. Addifon.

Ever fmce that time, Lifander vifits in every
circle. _ Tatlcr.

7. Any feries ending as it begins, and
perpetually repeated.

Ihe/e be fjttit trees in hot countries, which
have bloffims and young fruir, and young fruit
and ripe fruit, ahnoft all the year, fuc'ceeding one
another; but this circle of ripening cannot be but
in fgcculcnt plants, and hot countries. Bacon.

Thus in a circle runs the pcafant's pain.
And the year rolls within itfelf again. Dryd. Virjr.

8. An inconclufive form of argument, in
which the foregoing proportion is proved
by the following, and the following pro-
pofition inferred from the foregoing.

That heavy bodies defccnd by gravity ; and
again, that gravity is a quality whereby an heavy
body defcends, is an impertinent circle, 'and teach-
eth nothing. Glamillc'i Scepjls.

That fallacy called a circle, is when one of the
preraiflcs in a fyllogifm is queftioncd and oppol'e.i,
and we intend to prove it by the cODclufion.

IVatts's Ligich.

9. Circumlocution ; indireft form of words.

Has he given the lye
In circle or oblique, or femicircic.
Or direa parallel .' You mull challenge him. *
Fletcher's Sltieen of Ccrinth.

10. Circles of the German Empire. Such
provinces and principalities as have a
right to be prefent at diets. They are
in number ten. Trc'voux.

To Ci'rcle. v. a. [from the noun.]
I. To move round any thing.

The lords, that were appointed to circle the
hill, had fome days belore planted Uicmfelves in
places convenient. Bacor.

Another Cynthia her new journey runs.
And other planets circle oihcr funs. Pcfc's Duticiad.

2. To inclofe ; to furround.

What ftern ■jngentlc hands
Have lopp'd and hew'd, and mule thy body bare
Of her tw 1 branches, timfe fw^tt ornaments,
Whofe circling ihadows kings have fought to deep
'"1? Shakeffcarc.

While thefe fond arms, thus circling you, may
prove
More heavy chains than tliofe of hopelefs love.

t-nfeen, he glided thro' the joyous crow.i,
yi'thiitkaeU circled »nA an ambient cloud. Pope.

3. To Circle in. To confine;, to keep
together.

We term thofc things dry which have a confid-
ence within thcmfelves, aad which, to enjoy a de-
terminate figure, do not require the flop or hin.
drance of another body to limit and circle them in.

cr n ' ™ '^'^''y "" •*'"''"•

i« Ci RCLE. 1;, ». To move circularly;
to end where it begins.

T!ie well fraught bowl
Circl.i incefTint; -.vhilft the huiribleccll
With quavering laugh and rural jcfts refounds.

XT , .. Ptilifs.

Now the circling years difdofe
The day predcftin'd to reward his woes.
, Pcpe'sOdyJfcy.

Ci RCLED. adj. \{xom circle. "l Having the
form of a circle ; round.

Th* inconflant moon.
That monthly changes in her circled orb. Shai.
Ci'RCLKT. n.f. [from (■/><■/(?.] A circle ;
an orb : properly a little circle.

C I R

Then taJce rcpaU, till Hefperus difplay'd
His golden circlet in tlie weflcrn /hade. Pope's OJyJp.

Ci'v-Chlti a. participial adj. [from To cir.
cle.] Having the form of a circle ; cir-
cular ; round.
Round he furveys, and well might, where he
flood
So high above the circling canopy
Of night's extended ihade. Milton sPcradifc Leji.
CrRCUIT. n.f. [circuit, Fr. circuitut,
Latin.]

1. The aft of moving round any thing.

There arc four moons alio perpetually rolling
round tl-.e planet Jupiter, and carried along with
him in his periodical circuit round the fun.

. fyatts on the Mind.

2. The fpace mclofed in a circle.

■ He led me up
A woody mountain, whofe high top was plain,
A circuit wide inclos'd. Mi/ton's Paradife Loft.

3. Space; extent; meafured by travelling

round.

He attributeth' unto it fmallnefs, in refpcft of
'''"%''• , , ^„ Hooker.

The lake of Bolfena is reckoned one-and-twenty
miles in circuit. Addifon on Italy.

4. A ring; a diadem ; that by which any
thing is incircled.

And this fell tempefl: rtiall not ccafe to rage,
.Until the golden circuit on my head
Do cilm the fury of this mad-brain'd flaw. Shak.

;. The vifitations of the judges for hold-
ing aflifes.

The circuits, in former finics, went hut round
about the pale ; as the circuit of the cynofura .ibout
'''^Po'^- Djvi,i.

6. The tradl of country vifited by the
judges.

7. Long deduftion of renron.

Up into the watch towen got,
And fee all things defpoii'd of falLicies ;
Thou (halt not peep thro' lattices of eyes.
Nor hear thr.i' labyrinths of ears, nor learn
By circuit or coliections to difccin. Danrtc,.

CtKcvir of aaion. [Inlaw.] Is a longer

courfe ot" proceeding to recover the

thing fued for than is needful. Co^ell.

To Ci'rcuit. -v. n. [flora the noun. J

To move circularly.

Pining with Cjuinoaial heat, u«[efs
The cordial cup perpetual motion keep,
Quick circuiting. Philip,.

Circuite'er. n.f. [from circuit. ] One
that travels a circuit.

Like your fellow circuiteer, the fun, you trav/-l
the round of the earth, and behold all the iniqui-

ties under the heavens.

Pope.

Circui'tiov.^./ [circiiiiio, Lat.]

1. The afl of going round any thing.

2. Compafs; maze of argument.

To apprehend by what degrees they lean to
things m fliow, though not in deed, repugnant
one to another, rcquireth more flurpnefs of wit,
more intricate circuities of difcouifc, Srid depth
of judgment, than common ability doth yield.
_ , Hcikr.

v-i RCULAR. adj. [circulari:, Latin.]
I. Round, like a circle;, circumfcribcd by
a circle.

The frame thereof fcem'd partly circular,
Ani part triant.ular. fairy ^ueeii.

He fird inclos'd for lifts a level g-ound ;
The form was circular. Dry Jens Fables.

Nero's port, compofed of huge moles running
round it in a kind oi circular figure.
_ . Addifn OK Italj.

2. buccellive m order ; always returning.

From whence th" innumerable race of things
By circular fucccflive order fptiiig*.. Rof.omm'.n,

3' Vulgi»,j.

C I R

3. Vulgar ; mean ; circumforaneous.

Had Vircllbten J c.r.vlar poet, and clefcly
aJhcrtd tu oiflory, huw could ihc Koinans have
had Dido? DtmU.

-4. Ending in itfdf: ufed of a paralogilm,
where the fecond propofitiou at once
proves the firft, and is proved by it.

One of Cartes's tint principles of reafoning,
after he bad doubted of every thing, feems to be
too circular tu fifcly build upon ; for he is for
, proving the being of GoJ from the truth of our
faculties, and the truth of our faculties from the
bcir% of a God. Baker't R-ffltfi- o» Letrmng.

5. CiRCVLAR Letter, A letter direfted
to feveral perfons, who have the fame
interell in lome common affair; as in
the convocation of aflemblies.

6. Circular Lines. Such fbaight lines
as are divided from the divifions made
in the arch of a circle j as the lines of
fines, taflgi^nts, and l«A<kn(Sj on the plain
fcale and i'eflor.

7. Ck-Cular SatJivg, is that performed
on the arch of a great cir<;le.

Circula'ritv. n.y". [from circular.'] A
circular form.

The heavens have no divcrfity or difFcrtnce, but
a fimplicity of pjrts, and equitormity in motion,
continuilly fucceftding each other ; fo that, I'ron^
what point focvcr wc compute, the account will ba
common unto the whole circulaniy. Brs^-n.

Ci'rci;!. arly. aJ'v. [from circular. y '

1 . In form of a circle.

The internal form of it confifts of feveral re-
gions, involving one another like orbs about the
faifie centre ; or of the feveral elements caft r.rcu-
hrly about each other. Burnet.

2. With a circular motion.

Trade, which, like blomi, (hould drnlarly flow, I
topp'd in their channels, found its freedom loft.

DryJin.

Every body, moved ar<ularly about any centre,
tecedcs, or endeavours to recede, from that centre
of its motion. Ray.

fo Ci'rculate. t. n. [from cireultu.']

1 . To move in a circle ; to run round ;
to return to the place whence it departed
in. a conftant courfe.

If our lives motions theirs muft imitate.
Our kaowledge like our blood muit circuhtt.

Dcnham.

Nature is a perpetual motion ; and the work of
the univerfe tirculaia without any interval or rc-
pofe. L'EJiravgt.

2. To be difperfed.

As the mints of calumny arc perpetually at
work, a great number of curious inventions, ilVucd
out from time to time, grow current among the
party, aad lirculale ihtougk the whole Icibgdom.

7tf Ci'rcu.late. T. <i. To put about.

In the civil wars, the money fpent on bntli liries
wat circulated at home ; no publick debts 4o»-
traded. Siv:ft,

Circula'tion. n.f. [ from circulate. ]
1. Motion in a circle ; a courfe in winch
the motion tends to the point from which
it began.

What more ctivious, one would think, than the

eircuhiicn of tlic blood, unknown till tlje laft age?

Burnetts *Thc:ry:

As much bipod pafTctli through the lungs a^
through all the reft of the body : the circuleiUn i*
quick'jr, and heat greater, and their texture cx-1
trcmeiy delicate. Arhuiimi in AtmcniiJ

a. A feries in which the fame order is al-l
ways obferved, and things alwaye-re?ur-n!
tfr the fame Hate.

Stopp'i

C 1 R

As for tl>e fins of peace, thou ha<l.brougbt upon
ut ll>e niifki\tt of war ; To for the fini of war, tliou
feeft fit 10 deny us the billing of peace, and to
keep us in a cirm/urion'Of mifcries. K, ChurUt.

God, by (he ordinaiy lule of nature, permits
this continual chculut'im cf human things.

Swiften Modirm Et'»iati9w.

3. A reciprocal interchange of meaning.

When the apoftle faith of the Jews, that they
crucified the Lord of glory ; and when the Son of
roan, being on earth, athrnieTh that the Son of man
was in hea<en at the £une initant, tbeie is is thrle
tvvo fpeeches, that mutual iinulaikn before men-
tioned. , Hxkir.

Ci'rculatorv. It./, [from circulate.]
A chymical veflel, in wliich that which
rifes from the veffel on the fite is col-
leftcd and cooled in another fixed upon
it, and falls down again.

Ci'RCULATORY. oilj. [ from circulate. ]
Circulatory Letters are the f^e with
Ciit.cv;LA». Leiiert.

Ci RcuM a'm^biancv. ?/./. [from circum-
amiiait-] The aft of encorapaffing.

Ice rcc«i\cth its figuie according unco the fur-
face it concreteth or tlie circumi>mi''>'cy which con-
form-th it. Sroun.

CIRCUMA'MDIENT. aJj. [circum and
ambio, Latin.] Surrounding ; encom-
pafling; indofing.

The cirtumupihiitis coldnefs towards the fijlcr of

the veflel, like the fecond region, cooling and c<m-

denfing of it. , H'^ilk'»:si

To CiRCUM a'mbulate. I". ». [from cir-

cum a.ad a/niulo, Lat.] To walk round

about. Dia.

To CIRCUMCrSE. "J. a. [circtiiiicido,

Lat.] Td cut the prepuce or forefkin,

according to the law ^iven to the jews.

They canie to draofi'/t 'he child. Laic.

One is alarmed at the induftry of the whi^s,

in aiming to ftrenjjtiitn their routed party by a

reinforcement from the circuficijtj. S-wifl'i Epcarn.

Ci ECUMCl'siON. ».yl [from circunci/c]

The rite or aft of cutting off the foro-

fltin.

They left a race behind
Like to themfelves, diftinguifhable fcarce
From Gentiles, but by c\rcumc}Jt^n vain. Miltcn.
To CIRCUMDU'CT. 1/. a. [circumduco,
Lat.] To contravene; to nullify: a
term of civil law.

Afts of judicature may be cancelled and clrcum.
\ duStcd by the will and direction of the judge; as
alfn by the confent of the oarties litiganr, before
the judge has pronounced aad given lenfence.

Ayliffc'i Partrgon,

CiRCUMDu'cTiON. «.y;^[from circum-
dua.] ] ■

1. Nullification; cancellation.
The citation may be clrcumdudlcd, though tlie

defendant fhould not appear ; and the defendant
mult be cited, as a cucumjuflkn xt(\\nxK.

Ayhffc's Partfgcn.

2. A, leading about. ,

By loag nm,mdu£ikn perhaps any truth may be
derived from any other truth. ' Hacker*

CIRCU'MFERENCE. n.f. [circum/iren-
tia, Latin.] ^ 1

I, The periphery; the line including and
furrounding aay thing. |

Extend thus far thy bounds.
This be thy juft nici.mf,r(tice, O world! Miliar
iBtcault the hero is the centre of the main ac-
tion, all the lipes from the elrcumjirer.ce tend t<^
him alone. DryJcn.

Firqj moved nimbly in the circumftrmct of aj
circle, makes the whole c'lrtfimfcr^nce appear like
a circle oflfire. Nra-tcn.

G I R

2. The fpace inclofed in a circle.

So was Ms will
Pronounc'd among tl^c gods, and by an oatb>
That ihook heav'n's whole circumferaue, ccn-
fjrni'd. ATi!tt>n*

Ht firft inclos'd for lifts a level ground,
T^e whole circuvfatafe a mile around.

pryden'i Ffhiet.

3. The external part of an ortsicular body.

The bubble, being looked on by the light of the
clouds reflefled from it, feemed red at its apparent
ciriuafireme. If the clouds »-ctc viewed thcough
it, tlie colour at its c'tnufftrcnce would be blue.

Nnutcn's Optickj,

4. An orb ; a circle ; any ^ing circular
or orbictilar. '

His pond'rous ihield, large and round.
Behind him caft; the broad circumf revet
Huni; on his thuulders like the moon. ' Miltm,
7« Ci rcu'mference. v. a. [from the
nOun.] . To indnde in a circular (pace.
Not, proper.

riot is the vigour of this great body included
only in itfelf, or eiicumfertrce by its furfacej but
diffufcd at indeterminate diftjnces.

Bnivn^i l^ulgar Errcurs,

Circumfere'ntOr. ti.f, [from circum-
ferp, Lat. to carry about.] An inftru-
ment ufed in furveying, for meai'uring
angles, coufifting of ,a brafs circle, an
index with fights, and a compafs, and
mounted on a i\s.S, v.'ith a ball and
focket. Chambers.

CI'r CUM FLEX. n.f. [<-/)r.v;/^f;r«j, Lat.]
An accent ufe<l to regulate the pro-
nunciation of fyllables, including or
participating the acute and grave.

The cinumjicx keeps the voice in a middle tune,
and therefore in. the Latin is compounded of both
the other. HJdtr,

CiRcu'MELUJtKCE.u.y. [from circuiti-
fueni.] An inclofuie of waters.

CIRCU'M FLUENT, adj. [circumfuens ,
Lat.] Flowing round any thing.

1 rule the I'aphian race,
.Whofe bounds the deep circumJiMnt waves embrace ;
A duteous people, and induftiious ifte.

Pafe'l Odyfry.

CiKCv'MTLVOva.aJJ. [circumfluus, Lat.]
Envirouing with waters.

. He tlie world

-duiit on circutftjluous waters calm, in wide ""
Cryftallrne ocean. Miltm' i Peradife Lojf.

Latries' fon, girt with riirsm/iiieui. tides.

Poiie's Odyffry.
Circumfora'neous. adj. [circumfora-
neus, Latin.] Wandering from houfe to
houfe : as, a circumfor.intcus fiddler, one
that plays at doors.
To ClRCUIvIFU'SE. f. a. [circumfufus,
Lat.] To pour round ; to ipread^ every
way.

Men fee better, when their eyes are againft the
fun, or candle, if they put their hand befoie their
eie. The glaring fun, or candle, weakens the eye ;
wbeicas the light clrcutiifujed is cno\)gti for the per-
ception. Bacon^i Katurat Hijiory,
His am>y, ctrcumfus'd on either wing.- Mtitm.
Earth, with her nether ocean cinum/ui'd.
Their pleafant dweHinj;-houfe. JUilcm-

Thi.'. nvmph the God Ccphifus had abus'd.
With all his winding waters eircumfus'd,

jiiidijon'i Ovid.
ClRCUMFu'siLE. adj. [circum 3.l^d^ fufilis,
Lat.] That which may be poured or
'fpread round any thing.

.»\rti8 divine, whofe Ikilful hands infold
The vlftira 5 horn with cinumfufilt gold.

Pcfe's Odyjfry.

Circum-

C I R

C I R c u w F u's I o N . w. y; [from eircumfuft. ]
The aft offpreading round; the ftateof
being poured round,

Tfl CIRCU'MGyRATE. -v-a. [«>f»«and
gyrus, Lat.] T- roll round.

All thegiands,of'the body be congeries cf various
forts of veiFels curled^ ciTcumgyra'cdy and compli-
cated together. Ray nr. the Criathn.
Circumgvra'tion. n. f. [from circum-
gyrau.] The a£l of running round.

The fun turiss round his own axis in twenty-five
d»yj, from his firft being put into fuch a lircumgj.
rJllsrt, Cbtyne,

Circumja'cent. aiij. [^cimmj actus,
Lat.] Lying round any thing ; bor-
dering on every fide.

Circumi'tion. a. / [from circumeo,
circumitum, Lat.] The aft of going
round. Diil.

Circumliga'tion. n. /, \circumlsgo,
Latin.]

1. The nft of binding round.

2. The bond with which any thing is en-
compafTed.

Ci Rc u M locu't ION. n. f. \circumlacutio,
Latin.]

1 . A circuit or compafs of words ; peri-
phrafis.

Virgil, (ludying brevity, could bring thefe words
into a narrow compafs, which a tranllator cannot
render without circum/cfuritns^ Drydtn.

I muchprtfcrthe plain Biliingfijate wjy of cailing
names, becaufe it would favc abundance oi time,
K'll by cit L:/mIocuikn, Swift,

2. The ufe of indireft expreffions.

T^efe pe^iple are not to be dealt Ck'ithal, but by a

train of myftery and circumlayikn. L'Ejhargt.

Ci rcummu'red. adj. \^circum and murus,

Lat.] Walled round ; encompafied with

a wall.

He bath a garden cinummured with bricks.

Sbuktffieare,

Ci rcumn'a'vigable.<7<^'. [from circum-
natiigaie.] That which may be failed
round.

The being of Antipodes, the hibitablenefs of
the torrid zone, and the leniiering the whole terra-
queous globe cirtufr.ftavJgitbU, Ray cs the Crearhr,

To Circumna'vioate. 1/. a. [^circum
and nazigc, Lat.] To fail round.

CiRcuMN aviga'tion. k. /. [from <■/>-
cumnavigau.] The aft of failing round.

What he fays concerning the circLmnavigathn vl
Africa, from the ftraits of Gibraltar to the R' i
Sea, is very remarliable. JlrluihrM m Ca'mi.

Circumna'vicator. n./. One that fails
round.

Circumplica'tion. n. /. \cercumpUco,
Lat.]

1. The aft of enwrapping on every fide.

2. The (late of being enwrapped.
Circcmpo'lar. adj. [from cinum and

fo/ar.] Stars near the North pole, whitii
move round it, and never (ei in the
Northern latitudes, are faid to be dr-
cumfolar Jlars.
Circumposi'tion. n. f. [from circum
and pojiiion.] The aft of plating any
thing circularly,

Now ii your feafua for c'trcumpifuhn, by tiles or
bafltets of earth. £w!yn-s Ka/tndar.

Circum ra'sion. n. /. [ciraimra/io, La-
tin.] The aft of fhaviog or paring
round. jJi^,

Vot.L

C I R

Circumrota'tiom. n. f. \circum and
rcto, Lat.]

1. The aft of whirling round with a mo-
tion like that of a wheel ; circumvolu-
tion ; circumgyration.

2. The ftate of being whirled round.
roCIRCUMSCRI'BE. -j. a. [circum and

fcribo, Lat.]

1 . To inclofe in certain lines or bounda-
ries.

2. To bound; to limit; to confine.

The good Andronicus
With honour and witJT fortune is returnM ;
\ From whence \a circumjtribcd with his fword,
' And brought to yoite the enemies of Rome.

Sbahefpeate,
Therefore muft his choice be circtimfcrib'i
Unto the voice and yielding of that body
Whereof he 's head. ShaiffKJrc.

1 He forro'd the pow'rs of heav'n

I Such as he.{ikas'd, and cinumjirib'd tlieir being !
' Milton.

The aftion great, yet cinumftrib'd by time ;
The words not forc'd, but Aiding into rhime. Dryd.
The external circumftances which do accom-
I pany men's adls, arc ihofe which io ch-cumftrihe
and limit thejn. Siillhgjiect.

You are above
The little forms which arcurvfcribc your fex.

^^uthcrn.

CiRCuMSCRi'pTiOK. tt.f. \circumfcriptio,
Latin.]

1. Determination of particular form or

magnitude.

In the arcumjcrtpihn of many Icavps, flowers,
j fruits, and feeds, nature affe^s a regular figure.
; Ray on the Creation.

2. Limitation ; boundary ; contraftion ;
confinement.

I would not ray unhoufej ftzt condition
Put into circLptfcription and confine. Shahfpeare.
CiRCUMSCRl'pTlVE. adj. [from circum-
/criie.] Inclofing the fuperticies ; mark-
ing the form or limits on the outfide.

Stones regular, arediftingui/hed by their external.
forms : fucb as is circumjcriptivej or depending
upon thewholellone, as in the eagie-ftone, is pro-
perly called the figu;e. Crciv.
CIRCUMSPE'CT. adj. [circum/feaus,
Lat.] Cautious ; attentive to every-
thing ; watchful on all fides.

None arc for me.
That look into me with confid'rate ej-es :
High reaching Bucki;igham grows circunjpcli.

Sbakejprarc.
Men of their own nature cirnimfptH and llow,
but at the time difcountcnanced and dilcontent.

Haytvcul.
The judicious doflor had been very wati:hful and
circutnJl 1:3 , to keep himlelf from being impofcd
upon. • liiyh:

Ci Rcumspe'ction. n. /. [horn circiim-
fptct.'\ Watchfulnefs on every fide i cau-
tion ; general attention.

Ubfcrve the fuddengtowth of wickednefs, from
want of care and eircumfpcfiiori in the fiift iinprtf-
fionj, Claicn.{'jii.

So faying, his proud ftcp he fcornfal tuin'd.
But with fly tlrcumjpiflion. Milt!,n'iParadiJeL<>Jf.
Circumspe'ctive. adj. [ circuinj'pido, cir-
cumjpetlum, Lat.] Looking round every
way ; attentive ; vigilant ; cautious.

No 1 Is alike the politick and wile.
All fly flow things, with eircumJftSti'vt eyes. Pofie.

CiRcuMSpp'cTiVELY. ad-v. [from cir-
cuinjpe^lt've.'l Cautioufly ; vigilantly;
attentively ; with watchfulnefs every
way ; watchfully.

C I R

Ci'RCtJMSPECTLy. ad'v. [from circutn-
fpeS-l With watchfulnefs every way ;
cautioufly ; watchfully ; vigilantly.

Their authority weighs-more with me than the
concurrent fuftVagcs of a thoufar.d eyes, who never
examined the thing fo carefully and cii cum/ptffly.
Ray en the Crtauon.

Ci'rcumspectness. 71./. [from circum-
fpc^.l Caution; vigilance; watchful-
nefs on every fide.

Travel forces circumfpefimfs on thofe abroad, who
at home arc nurfcrd in fecurity. Wott-m.

CI'RCUMSTANCE. /?./. [circumjlantia,
Latin.]

1 . Something appendant or relative to a
faft : the fame to a moral aftion as acci-
dent to a natural fubftance.

When men are ingenious in picking out cir*
cumflancci of contempt, they do kindle their anger
much. Bacon'' sEjJkys,.

Our confe/fing or concealing perliicuted truths,
vary and change their very nature, according to
different r;rf«w/?(;K«j of time, place, and perfons.

2. The adjunfts of a faft, Which make it
more or lefs criminal; or make an ac-
cufation more or lefs probable.

Of thefe fuppofed crimes give me leave.
By circumflnnce, but to acquit myfi-lf. Shakrfpeare.

3. Accident ; fomething adventitious,
which may be taken away without the
annihiLition of the principal thing con-
fidered.

Senfe outfide knows, the foul thro' ail things fees {
Senfe, circuriflance ; fl)e ioth the fubftance view.

Davits.

4. Incident^ event: generally of a mimlte
or fubordinate kind.

He defended Carlifle with very remarkable cir-
cutnj}anccs of courage, induftry, and patience.

Clarendcn*

The fculptor had in his thoughts the Con-
queror's weeping for new worlds, or the like cir-
cutiijiance in hiilory. Addifon*

'The poet has gathered thofe circumfiances which
raoft terrify the imagination, and wliich really
happen In the raging of a tcmpclf. Add J. Sped.

5. Condition ; ftatc of affairs. It is fre-
quently ufcd with refpeft to wealth or
poverty ; as, good or ill circumjfances.

None but a virtuous man can hope well in a't
cifitimjlar.ieu Bacon, .

We ; ught not to conclude, that if there be ra-
tional inhabitants in any of the planets, they mult
therefore have human nature, or be involved in the
circiinijtanca of our world. Benlley*

When mcti are eafy in their circumjiar.ccs, they
are naturally enemies to innovations.

Add'ijons Freeholder,

To CTRfuMSTANCE. -v. a. [from the
noun.] To place in particular fituation,
or relation to the things.

To worthiert things,
Virtue, art, beauty, fortune, now 1 fee,
Rarenels or ufe, not nature, value brings;
And luch as they are cinumjianc'd, they be. Dome,

Ci'rcumstant. a///, [circumjlans, Lat.]
Surrounding ; environing.

Its beams Hy to viCt the remoteft parts of the
world, and it gives motion to all cinumjlant bodies.
Digby on the SouU
Circumsta'ntial. adj. [circumjiantialit,

low Lat.]
1. Accidental ; not eflential.

'I'lils fierce abridgment
Hath to it cinLtnJIiinlial braiichci, wliich
Diflindtion would h^ rich in. Shakef^eare,

This jurifdiOion in the efl'entials of it, is as old
as chtiftianity ; and thofe circun'ffjntial addition's

s f oi

C I R

ofrecalarenconragcment, cbrifiian princes thooglit
ntccrtiry. Siuik.

WhD would not prefer a religion that differs from
ourown in the circtimjiartiah, before one that diffei s
from it in the clliintials ? Mdihii'i Fntb Idcr.

2. Incidental ; happening by chance ;
cafual.

Virtue 's but anguifh, when 'tis fcvcr.il.
By occaGon wak'd, and driurr.fitrnal. Dcr.r.i.

•y Full of fmall events ; particular ; de-
tailed.

He had been provoked by men's tedious and
cimimftanuni recitals of their affjirs, or by thrir
multiplied queftions about his own. Prior's Drdic.

Cjrcumstantia'lity. n.f. [from cir-
cumfiaKlialJ] The appendage of circum-
ilances ; the ftate of any thing as modi-
fied by circumftaiices.

Ci R c u M s T a'n T I A L L y . od-v. [from tir-
cumftantial.']

1 . According to circumftance ; not effen-
tially ; accidentally.

Of the fancy and jnteileft, the powers are only
tircumjianiially diflFerent. GlairvllU's Scepf:s.

2. Minutely ; exaftly ; in every circum-
itance or particular.

Lucian agrees with Homer in every po'nt cir-
cur.flant'wl!) . Bnorr.t.

y« Circumsta'ntiate. V, a. [fromc/r-
cumftanct.'\

1 . To place in particular circumftances ;
to invert with particular accidents or
adjundls. - - '

If the afl werepthcrwife cireumfinnliaied, it might
will that freely, which now itwills freely. Bramhail.

2. To place in a particular condition, as
with regard to power or wealth.

A number ir.finiteiy fupciiour, and the beil cir-
cumfliXMiand imaginable, are for the fucccflion of
Hanover. Uti^ift.

To CIRCUMVA'LLATE. 'v. a. [drcum-
'vallo,. Lat.] To inclofe round with
trenchifs or fortifications.

Circumvalla'tion. n.f. SJmva circum-
'vaUate.'\

1 . The art or adt of calling up fortifica-
tions round a place.

When the czar firft acquainted hiinfclf with
mathematical learning, he praftifed all the rules of
c'trcvmrualhuor M^i. cootravailation at the fiege of a
town in Liven' 3. Watts.

2. The fortification or trench thrown up
round a place beficged.

This gave refpite to finiih thofe ftupendous c'lr-
fjmvalliiikns and barricadocs, reared up by fea and
land. Hoiccl.

Circumve'ction. «. / [circurmje£lio,
Latin.]

1. The aft of carryirvg round.

2, The ftate of being carried round.

To CIRCUMVE'NT. -v. a. [drcumvenic,
Lat.] To deceive ; to cheat ; to impofe
upon ; to delude.

He, fearing to be betrayed or arcumvinled by his
cruel brother, fled to BarbarnfTa.

KnjJlci's Hiftoiy Df the Turit,
As his malice is vigilant, he refteth not to cir-
eumveirt the ions cf [he Arft deceived.

Bmun't yulgar Erf. «/■».
Should man
Fall (ireuiKvented thus by fraud. MUtm's Pen Left,

Obrtinately bent
To die undaunted, and to circitmvtM. Dryden.

Circumve'ntiok. m. /. [from circum-

•Uu'fl/.]
I. Fraud; impofture ; cheat; delufion.

The inequality of the match between him and
the f^btlcil of us, *9uld fuiciily appear by a fatal

C I T

clreamvfHlieii ! there mud be a wifdom from «bo»e
to over-teach this hcUilh wifdom. Siutb.

If be is in the city, be mull avoid haTlnguing
igainft cirtmrnvntiitn ia commerce.

CMier tf Potularsiy.

t. Prevention; pre-occupation. Thisfenfe
is now out of ufe.

Whatever hath been thooght on in this ftate,
That could be brought to bodily aft, ere R m-.e
Had ctrcumvmiit,n. Stjiffj^t'tirc.

To Circomve'st. 'V. a. [circumvejiio,
Lat.] To cover round with a garment.

Who on this bale the earth did'ft firmly found.

And mad'ft thedceptocirniWK^ it round. IV'.tton.

Circumvola'tion. n.f. [from aVfK/w-

Wfl, Lat.] The aft of flying round.
7c Ci Rcu mvo'lve. t. a. [rircumvelve,
Lat.] To roll round ; to put into a cir-
cular motion.

Could folid orbs be accommodated to phznc-
mena, yet to afcribe each fphere an intelligence to
circumvotve it, were unphilofophical.

Glarvi/le's Step/is.
CiRCtTMVOL-u'TlON. n.f, [circumvoju-
tus, Lat.]

1. The aft of rolling round.

z. The ftate of being rolled round.

The twilling of the guts is really eithera circum-
'va/utiorty or infertion of one part of the gut within
the other. Arbuthnot.

3. The thing rolled round another.

Confider tne obliquity or clofenefs of thefe cir-
cutTnictutioKs ; the nearer they are, the higher may
be the inftrumcnt* ff)Ikins.

CrRCVS. 1 n.f [circus, Latin.] An open
C i'r Qu E. j fpace or area for fpor ts, with
feats round for the fpeftators.

A pleafant valley, like one of thofe cirnifes,
wliicKin greatcities fomewhere doth give a plealant
fpedlacle of running horfes. Sidriy,

The one was about the cirqueoi Flora, the other
upon the Tarpcian mountain. Stil/ingjlcet.

See the cit-^uc I'alls ! th* unpiliar'd temple noJs ;
Streets pav'd with lieroes, Tyber choak'd with goJs.

Pofe.

CIST. n.f. [cijla, Latin.] A cafe ; a te-
gument : commonly ufed in medicinal
language for the coat or inclofure of a
tumour.

Ci'sTED. a.ij. [from ciff.l Inclofed in a
cift, or bag.

Ci'sTBRN. n.f. [cijierna, Latin.]

i. A receptacle of water for domefiick
ufes.

'Tli not the rain that waters the whole earth,
but th^t which falls into his own cificrr,, that muft
relieve him. South.

2. A refervoir ; an inclofed fountain.

Had no part as kindly llaid behind
In the wide cifterns of the lakes confin'd,
Did not the fprings and rivers dicnch the land,
Our globe would grow a wilderncfs of fand.

Blaelmsre.

3. Any receptacle or repofitory of water.

So half my Egypt were fubmerg'd, and ma.ic
A cifttrn for fcal'd fnakes. Siairf/'eari.

But there 's no bottom, none.
In my voluptuoufnefs: your wives, your daughters.
Your matrons, and your tttaids, could not Htl up
The eifli-rn of mv luft. Shakrjpea't.

CrSTUS. n. jr. [Lat.] The name of a

plant. The fame with rockrofe.
Cn.n.f, [contrafted from f/V/sfw.] An
inhabitant of a city, in an ill fenl'e ; a
pert low townfraan ; a pragmatical
trader.

We bring you now to fliow what different things
The cits or ciowns arc from the iourts of kings.

Jah«[o».

C I T

Stud^ your race, or the foil of your family will
dwindle into cat or fijuirca, or run up into wits or
madmen. _ TatUr,

Barnard, thou art a cit, with all thy worrh ;
ButBug andD— 1, theirhonours,and to forth, Pife,
Ci'tadel. ». /. [citat/elle, French.] A
fortrefs ; a callle, or place of arms, in
a city.

As he came to the crown by un'uft means, ts
unjuftly he kept it; by force of ftrangerfoldiers in
cilisdth, the nelts of tyranny and murderers of li-
berty. Siditej.
1 11 to my charge, tiie citadtl, repair. Drjdtn,
Ci'tal. n.f. [from cite.'\

1. Reproof; impeachment.

He made a blulhing cital of himfelf.
And chid his truant youth. Hhaktjptare,

2. Summons; citation; call into a court.

3. Quotation ; citation.
Cita'tion. n.f. [ci/atio, Latin.]

1. The calling a perfon before the judge,
for the fake of trying the caufe of aftion
commenced againfl him. Ayliffe^s Parti:

2. Quotation ; the adduftion of any paf-
fage from another author; or of another
man's words.

3. The paffage or wards quoted ; a quota-
tion.

The letter-writer cannot read thefe citaticifs
without bluOiing, after the charge he hath id-

vanced.

jitlerhi^ry,

View the principle* in their own auriiors, and
not in the citnticni of thofe who would confute
them. _ _ Ifatts.

4. Enumeration ; mention.

Thefe caules effeft a confumption endemlcl: to

this ifland : there remains a citaiiiit of fuch as may

produce it in any country, liarvcy on C'infumpti',!:!.

Ci'tatory. adj. [from To cite.'\ Having

the power or form of citation.

If a judge cite one to a place, to which he cin-
not come with fafety, he miy freely ippejl, though
an appeal be inhibited in the letters citatorf,

Ayliffi's Parngnti,

To CITE. -v. a. [cito. Latin.]

I. To fummon to anfwer in a court.

He held a late court, ti> which
She oft was cited by them, but appear'd not. StjK

Forthwith the cited dead,
Of all paft ages, to the general doom
Shall baften. AfHtoit,

This power of citing, and dragging the defcjidant
into couit, was taken away. Ayiiffc's P.^rcr^m.

z. To enjoin ; to call upon another au-
thoritatively ; to direft ; to fummon.

I fpeak to you. Sir Thurlo;
For Valentine, I need n.t ciit him to it. Shakejf.

This fad experience ciVrj mc to reveal.
And what I dictate is ft«m what 1 feel. Prijr,

3. To quote.

Demonftrations in fcripture may not otherwift
be dicued than by citing them out of the fcripturt.

hci/kcr.
That paffage of P; ato, which I fire./ before. Bacon.
In banllhment he wrote thofe verfcs, which I citt
from his letter. Dryden*

Cj'ter. n.f. [from c:tc.'\
I. One who cites into a court,
z. One who quotes ; a quoter.

I muft deli re the citer henceforward to inform us
of hii editions too. Attirtuiy,

Cite'ss. a. / [from <■/>.] A city woman.
A word peculiar to Dryden.

Cits and cialjls raife a jjyful ftr.iin;
*Tis a good omen t.i begin a rei^jn. Dryjcn.

Ci'tkern.»./. [f/V/tara, Latin.] A kind
of harp ; a mufical inftrument.

At what time the hcithen ha! profaned it, even
in that was it dedicated with fong) and ciibcms, and
liarps aad cymbals. Mact.

Ci'tizen.

C I T

C I V

C I V

Ci'tizen. ti.f. [ci-vis, Lat. cittyen, Fr.]

1. A freeman of a city ; not a foreigner ;
not a flave.

All inhabitants within thefe walls are not pro-
perly cUiictns, but only fuch as are called freemen.
RaUigk'i h'.Jiory.

2. A townfmau ; a man of trade ; not a
gentleman.

When he rpeakt not like a ciimn,
You find him like a foldier, Stoief^cinc.

3. An inhabitant ; a dweller in any plate.

Far from noiiy R'>me fccurc- he liv^-s,
And one more nrizcTt to Sibyl gives* Drydeii,

Ci'tizen. adj. [This is only in Shake-
Jpeare,'\ Having the qualities of a citi-
zen ; as cowardice, meannefs.

So fick I am not, yet I am not ndl ;
But not lb cif:x<n a wanton, as
To fcenri to die ere fick. ^•IjA-Jff.ire.

Ci'trine. aiij. [citrinus, Lat.] Lemon
coloured; of a dark yellow.

The butt.n^fiy, papilio major, has its wings
painted with citiiiu and black, both in long ilreaks
and fjicts. Gr.Tv.

By citrint urine of a thicker confiftcnce, the falt-
ncfs of [.iiicgm is known. Flyir en ttc Humeuri,
Ci'trine. n.f. [from citrinus, Latin.]

A fpecies of crylUl of ati extremely pure, clear,
and fine texture, generally free from Haws and
blcmilhes. It is ever found in a long and fler.der
column, irregularly hexangular, and terminated by
an hexangular pyramid. It is from aac to four or
file inches in length. This (lone is very plentiful
in the Weft Indies. Our jewellers have learned to
call it citrine ; and cut ilones for rings out of it,
which arc millaken for topazes. Hill on FcJpU.

Citron-tree. n./. [from citrus, Lat.]

It hath broad ftilf leaves, like thofcof the laurel.

The flowers confift of many leaves, exi<andcd like

1 rcfe. The piftil becomes an oblong, thick, fleffiy

fruit, very full of juice. Genoa is the great iiur-

fery for thefe trees. One fort, with a pointed

fruit, is in fo great L-fteem, that the finglc fruits are

. (bid at Florence for two diillings each, Millir.

May the fun

Wi;h tttriin groves adorn a diftant foil. jiJdifon.

Citron-water, n./. Aqua vita;, diltilled

with the rind of citrons.

Like afr»ii-w<j/fri matrons cheeks inflam'-. Pcbi.
Ci'tr u L. n',/. The fame with pumpion, fo

named from its yellow colour.
CI'TY. n.f. [(■/■//, French ; ci'vitas, Lat.]

1. A large colleftion of houfes and inha-
bitants.

Men feek fafety from number better united, and
froio walls and foitlfications, the ufe whereof is to
make the few a match for the many : this is ii,e
orij.": ' ■ -. 7impU.

I ' ferfe, means the boufcs inclofcd

wit!. in a larger fenfe, itreachcsto all

the fubutt... ;>'„.,„.

2. [In tlie Engliflilaw.] A town corporate,
that hath a biQiop and a cathedral church.

Coiuell.
J. The inhabitants of a certain city, as
diftinguifhed from other fubjefts.
What is the eiiy but the pecrle ?—

True, the people are the ciiy. Stah'pcsri,
I do fufpeft 1 ha>e done fotne oflTencc,
That fcenis difgracious in the ciift eye. Sbakfjp.
Ci'ty. adj.

1. Relating to the city.

His cnfoicemcnt of the city wives. Sbakcfpcart.
He, I accufe,
The ci'y ports by this haih entered. Shatrfpfare.

2. Refembling the manners of the citi-
zens.

Make not a city feirt of it, !o let the meat cool
<;e we can agree upon the firlt «uU Utatiffairr.

Ci'vET. n.f. [ci'vette, Fr. zibetta, Arabic,
fignifying fant.'^ A perfume from the
civet-cat.

The ci-vct, or (ivd cat, is a little animal not
unlike our cat. It is a native of tlie Indies, Peru ,
Brafil, Guinea. The perfume is forniedlike a kind
of greafc, in a baj; under its tail, bsiv. ccn the anus,
and pudendum. It is gathered from tirrc to time,
and abounds in proportion as tiie animal is fed.

Trrvoux.

Cha is of a bafer birth than tar; the very un-
cleanly flux of a cat. Sha>.:jfi,ir!.

Some putre/aftions and excrements do yield ex-
cellent odours ; as ci-vct and mulk, and, as I'jme
think, ambcrgrcafc. Bjcon's N.nurai Hijicrf.
Ci'viCK. adjr. [f/'D/V*/, Latin] Relating
to civil honours or pradices ; not mili-
tary.

With equal rays immortal Tnlly (hone :
Behind, Rome's j^enius waits with civick crowns,
And the great fatirer of his dountry owns. Pete.

CYWIL. adj. [dvilis, Lat.]

1. Relating to the community; politic.il ;
relating to the city or gcvcrnment.

God gave tliemhwsof r™;/ regimen, and would
not permit their commonweal to be governed by
any other laws than his own. Hmkn.

Part fuch as apj>crta:ii
To «r//juftice J part, reijg ous rites
Of facrifice. Miiiens ParaJi/e Lift.

But there is another unity, vvh'ch .vould be
rood advantageous to our country; and that if,
your endeavour after a eivU, a political union in the
whole nation. Sfratl.

2. Relating to any man as a member of a
community.

Break not your promife, unlcfs it be unlawful or
impolTible; either cut of your na.ural, or out «(
your ci-vil power. Ttty.'cr.

3. Not in anarchy ; not wild ; not without
rule or government.

For rudeft minds with harmony were caught,
And chvil life was by the .tiufes taught. R>f:cmn:en.

4. Not foreign ; intefline.

From a ci-vil war God of his mercy defend us,
as that which is moft defpcrate of all others.

Bacon to yiUiers,

5. Not eccleilaftical ; as, the ecclefiaftical
courts are controlled by the ci-jil.

6. Not natural ; as, a perfon banilhed or
outlawed is faid to fuffer ci-vil, though
not natural, death.

7. Not military ; as, the nW/ magiftrate's
authority is obftrufled by war.

8. Not criminal ; as, this is a civil procefs,
not a criminal profecution.

9. Civilized ; not barbarous.

England was very rude and barbarous ; for it is
but eiea the other day fince Ej.t;land f rcw ci-ml.
Spenfcr Off Ireland.

10. Complaifant; civilized; gentle; well
bred ; elegant of manners; not rude ;
not brut.:l ; not coarfe.

1 heard a mermaid, on a dolphin's back,
Uttering fuch dulcet and harmonious breath,
I'hat the rude fca grew riij/ at her fong. Khalefp.

He was r/vi/andwell-natuied, never rcfufiiig 10
teath another. Dry den 1 DufnJ'r.oy.

And fall tliefc faylngs from ti.at gentle ton^uV,
Where rii)i/fpeerh and loft perfualion hung ? Prior.

1 1 . Grave ; fober ; not gay or (hewy.

Thus (light Lift Ice me in tliy pale career.
Till civil fuitcd morn appear. MJion's Poems.

12. Relating to the ancient confular or
imperial government ; as, ciaiH law.

No woman had it, but a rii/iV doitor. Shateff.
Civi'lian. n.f. [dvilis, Lat.] "One that
profeflbs the knowledge of the old Ro-
man law, and of general equity.

The profelTors of that law, cnilej ci-.'iUjr.s, be-
caufc tlic civil law is tieir guide, Aould not be
difcountenanced nor difcouragerf..

Baccn'i j^dvice to ViHicrt,

A depending kingdom is a term ofartunknowa
to all ancient civilians, and writers upon govern-
ment. Stvift.

Civilisa'tion. «./ [from f/ii//.] A law,
ad of juftice, or judgment, which ren-
ders a criminal procefs civil ; which is
performed by turning an information
into an inquell, or the contrary. Harris.

Civi'litv. n.f. [from civil.']

1. Freedom from barbarity; the ftate of
being civilized.

Tl;e EngUfli were at firft as ftout and warlike a
people as ever the Iri(h ; and jet ate now brought
unto that cimtiiy, that, no nat;on_exceUeth them,
in all goodly converfation, and afi the (tttdies of
knowle-ige and humanity. .Wfr/Ir,

Divers great monarchies have rifen from bar-
barifm to civility, and fallen again to ruin.

Davies on Irtlimd,

Wherefoe'er her conquering eagles fled,
-Arts, learning, and cii'iiity were ipread.

Dcnlani's Pterrs.

2. Politenefs ; complaifance; elegance of
behaviour.

Art thou thus bolden'd, man, by thy dirtrefs f
Or elfe a rude dcfpifer of good manners.
That in civility thou feeni'ft fo empty i Shttkrfp.

He, by his great civility and affability, wrought
very much upon the people. Clarcnd<.n.

I (hould be kept from a publication, did not,
what your civility calls a rcqueft, your greatjicii
command. South.

We, in point of civility, yield to others in our
own h'ufes. - Siiift.

3. Rule of decency ; praftice of politenefs.

Love taught him ihame ; and fliame, with love
at (frife.
Soon taught the fweet civilities of life. Drydch.
To Ci'viLizE. I.', a. [from civil.'] To re-
claim from favagencfs and brutality; to
inftruft in the arts of regular life.
Wc fend th'- graces and the mules forth
To civilize and to inftruft tiie North. ffaller,

Mufreiis firil, then Orpheus, clvi!is:e
Mankind, and give the 'AorliJ their deities.

DtnhaK.
Amongft tbnfe who are counted the civilized
part of mankind, tliis^oiiginal law ot nature Itiil
takes place. Lode.

Ofiris, or Bacchus, is reported to have civilized
the Indians, and reigned amongll them fifty-two I

yearf. j^rhuthnct.

C 1 'v I L I z e R . ». / [ from ci'vilixe.] He that
reclaims others from a wild and favage
life ; he that teaches the rules and cuf-
toms of civility.

The civiliners /— the difturbers fay ;
The robbers, the corrupters of mankind !

Philips' s Btilm,
Ci'viLi.Y. adv. [from civil.]

1. In a manner relating to government,
or to ti'.e rights or charafter of a mem-
ber of a community ; not naturally.

Men that are civil lead their live^ after one
common law; for that a multitude fliould, with-
out harmony, concur in the doing of one thing
(for this is civilly to live), or fliould manage com-
munity ot life. It 15 not poflible. Hooker,

2. Not criminally.

That accufation, which is publick, is either
civilly commenced for the private fatisfatHon of
the pirry injured ; or cllc criminally, that is, fir
fome publitk punifliinenr. ^yliffe,

3. Politely; complaifantly; gently; with-
out rudenefs ; without brutality.

1 will deal a-T/;/fy with his poem > : nothing ill is

to be fpokcn of tiie 'lead. Drydcn's Pref, to his Fab.

S f * J would

C L A

I would hive had Almeria and Ofaiyn parted

civillj ; a» if it wju not proper for lovers to do fo.

Collitr cf ihe Stagt.

He thought tlicm folks that loft tlleir way,
And aflc'd them civil'y to ftay. Pi'itr,

4. Without gay or gaudy colours.

The chambers were nandf )mc and cheerful, and
furniifaed civilly* Bacon*i Nnv jii!amtis>

CizE. It. /. [perhaps from incifa, Lat.
Ihaped or cut to a certain magnitude.]
The quantity of any thing, with regard
to its external form : often written yfaif.

If no motion can alter bodies, that is, reduce
them to fome other cixi or figure, then there is
none of itfelf to give them the ciii and figure
which they haVe. Crew's Cttfmohgij.

Clack. ». / [^/a/^^M, Germ, to rattle,
to make a noife.]

1. Any thing that makes a lafting and im-
portunate noife: generally ufed in con-
tempt for the tongue.

But Aili bis tongue ran on,
And with its evcrlafling clack
Set all men's ears upon the rack. IJuctilrm.

Fancy flows in, and mufe flics high ;
He knows not when my clack will lie. Pri'.r,

2. The Clack of a Mill. A bell that rings
when more corn is required to be put in.

Says John, jufl at the hopper will 1 ftand.
And mark the ilack bjw juftly it will found.

' Bcitcrleti •

7a Clack, v. n. [from the noun.]

1 . To make a chinking noife.

2. To let the tongue run.

To Clack, -u. a. As to clack luool, is to
cut off the (heep's mark, which makes
it to weigh lefs, and fo yield the lefs
cuHom to the king. Coiuell.

Clad. part. pret. [This participle, which
IS now referred to clothe, feems original-
ly to have belonged to clodcn, or fome
fuch word, like kleeden, Dutch.] Cloth-
ed ; inverted ; garbed.

So oft in fealis with coftly changes clad.
To crammed maws a fpract new ftomach brings.

Sidnty.
He hath rWhimfcIf with a new garment.

I Kirgs.
Beyond
The flow'ry dale of Sibma, clad with vine. Millai.

Their prayers clad
With inccnfe, where the golden altar fum'd
Ky their great intcrcelTor. Millcn.

But virtue too, as well as vice, is clad
In flelh and biood. Waller.

To her the weeping hcav'ns become fercne ;
For her the ground iiclad in cheerful green. Dryd.
The courtiers were all moll magailiccntly clad,

Swift.
To CLAIM, -v. a. [clamer, French.] To
demand of right ; to require authorita-
tively ; not to beg or accept as favour,
' but to exa.t\ as due.

If only one man hath a divine right to obedi-
ence, no body can claim that obedience but he that
can (hew his right. Lickt.-

We muft know how the firft ruler, from whom
any one claims, came by his authority, before we
can know who has a right to fuccced him in it.

Locke,
Poets have andoubted right to claim.
If not tlie grcatcft, the moll Ulling name, dttgreve.

Claim, n.f. [from the verb.]
I. A demand of any thing, as due.

You, in the right of laJy Blanch your wife,
May then make all the rAt/xi that Arthur did.

Sbakrfptare.
Forfworn thyfelf ! The traitor's odious name
I isH. leiuro, and tbca difprorc thy clttim, Dryden.

C L A

Will be not, therefore, of iheiwo evils chofethe
leaft, by fubmitting to a mailer who hath nb im-
mediate claim upon him, rather than to another
who hath already revived fevetal claiits upon him >

Stvift .

z. A title to any privilege or poiTeflion in
the hands of another.

Either there muft have b.-en but one fovereign
over them all, or elfe every father of a family had
been as good a prince, and had as goud a claim to
royaltj', as thefe. Ltckt.

3. In law.

A demand of any thing that is in the porteflion
of another, or at the leaft out of his own j as claim
by charter, c'airr. by defcent. Orwell.

4. The phrafes are commonly to make
claim, or to lay claim.

The king of Pruflia lays in his claim for Neuf-
Chatel, as he did for the principality of Orange.
yijjifin on J.'aly.

If God, by pofitive grant, gave dominion to any
man, primogeniture can lay no claim to it, unlefs
God ordained. Locke.

Clai'mable. adj. [from claim.] That
which may be demanded as due.

Clai'mant. n.f. [from claim.] He that
demands any thing, as unjuftly detained
by another.

Clai'mer. ». / [from f /<»»»>.] He that
makes a demand ; he that requires any
thing, as unjuftly withheld from him.

Clair-obscure. «. /. Sec Clare-
obscure.

To Cla';4ber. t. ». [probably corrupted
from climh ; as climber, clamber.] To
climb with difficulty, as with both hands

and feet.

The kitchen malkin pins
Her richeft lockram 'bout her reechy neck,
Clami'rirg the walls to eye him. Shakejpeare.

When you hear the drum,
Clamber not you up to the caferaents then. Shak,

The men there do, not without fome difficulty,
clambir up the acclivities, dragging their kinc with
them. Ray.

They were forced to clamber over fo many
rocks, and to tread upon the brink of fo many
precipices, that they were very often in danger of
their lives. Addijuns Freeholder.

To CLAMM. v. a. [in fome provinces, to
cleam ; from clasmian, Saxon, to glue to-
gether.] To clog with any glutinous
matter.

A fwarro of wafps got into a honey-pot, and
there they cloyed and clammed themfelves till there
was no getting out again. VEJirarre.

The fprigs were all daubed with lime, and the
birds clammed and taken. L'Eflrav^e.

Cla'mminess. n.f. [irom clammy.] Vif-
cofity ; vifcidity ; tenacity ; ropinefs.

A grcafy pipkin will fpoil the clarnminrfs of the
glue. Ifdoxan.

Cla'mmy. adj. [from clamm.] Vifcous ;
glutinous ; tenacious ; adhefive ; ropy.

Bodies ^/iiKny and cleaving, have an appetite, at
once, to follow another body, and to hold to them-
felves. Baien.

Neither the brain nor fpirits can conferve mo-
tion ; the form"r is of fuch a clammy confidence,
it can no more retain it than a quagmire.

Clarville's Scefjis.

Aghaft he wak'd, and flatting from his bed.
Cold fwcat, in clammy drops, hii limbs o'erfpreid.

Drydeii.
Joyful thou'lt fee
The clammy fitface all o'er-ftrown with tribes
Of greedy infefls. Philifs.

There is an unftuous clammy vapour that arifes
from the ftum of grapes, when they lie maftied to-
gether in the vat, which puts out a light when dip-
ped into it, /Udijtit tnjialj-

C L A

The continuance of the fever, ilammy fweats,
palcnefs, and at laft a total celTation of pain, art
figns of a gangrene and approaching death.

ylrbu'hnot 5JI XiJet,

Cla'morous. adj. [{rom clamour.] Voci-
ferous ; noify ; turbulent ; loud.

It is no fufficient argument to fay, that, in urg-
ing thefe ccre-Tionics, none are fo clamorous as pa-
pitls, and they whom papifts fuhorn. Honker.

He kifs'd her lips
With fuch a etamorcus finack, that at the parting
All the church echo'd. Shekrjfeare.

At my birth
The goats ran from the mountains, and the herds
Were ftrangely clem'roHS in the frighted fields.

Shakejpeare.
With the eltmaroids report of war
Thus will I drown your exclamations. Slakcfpeare.

Then vaiious elements ag^iinft thcc join'd.
In one more various animal combin'd.
And fram'd the clamorous race of bufy human kind.

Po(,e.
A pamphlet that will fettle the wavering, i'n-
ftru£i the ignorant, and inflame }he clamenus.

Stuift.
CLA'MOUR. n. f [clamor, Latin.]

1. Outcry; noife; exclamation; vocife-
ration.

Revoke thy doom.
Or whilft I can vent clamour from my throat,
I'll tell thee, thou do'll evil. Shakejfeare.

The people giew then exorbitant In their cla-
mturi for juftice. AT/jg Charles.

The maid
Shall weep the fury of my love decay'J ;
And weeping follow me, as thou do'ft now.
With idle clamours of a broken vow. Prhr,

2. It is ufed fonietimes, but lefs fitly, of
inanimate things.

Here the loud Arno's boift'rotts clamours ceafe
That with fubmiflive murmurs glides in peace.

Mdifin.

7'oCla'mour. v. n. [from the noun.]

1. To make outcries ; to exclaim ; to vo-
ciferate ; to roar in turbulence.

The obfcurc bird clamour'd the live-long night.

Shakejpeare,

Let them not come in multitudes, or in a tribu-
nitious manner : for that is to clamour counfels,
not to infor.-n them_. Bacon's Effhys.

2. In Shakeffeare'it feems to mean, active-
ly, to flop from noife.

Clamour your tongues, and not a word more.

Shakejpeare.
Clamp, n.f. [clamp, French.]

A piece of wood joined to another, as
an addition of ftrength.
2. A quantity of bricks.

To burn a clemp of bricks of fixteen thoufand,
they allow k\cn ton of coals. Mortimer's Hujb.

To Clamp. 1;. a. [from the noun.]

When a piece of board is fitted with the grain to
the end of another piece of board crcfs the grain,
the firft board is clarr.prd. Thus the end's of tables
are commonly damped to preferve them from warp«
ing. Moxon's Mechanical Excrcifes,

Clan. n. f. [probably of Scottilh origi-
nal ; klaan, in the Highlands, fignifi;s
children. ]

J . A family ; a race. ,

'I'hey around the flag
Of each his faction, in their feveral clans.
Swarm populous, unnumber'd. Ikfihon.

Milton was the poetical fon of Spenfcr, and Mr.
Waller of Fairfax j for we have our lineal dcfcents
and clans as well as other families. Dryden.

2. A body or fcdl of perfons, in a fenfc of
contempt,

Partridge and the reft of his clan may hoot me
for a cheat, if I fail in any fingle particular. Stvift.

Cla'ncvlar.

C L A

CtA'NCULAR. fl<^'. [claiKulariiet, Latin.]
Clandeillne ; fecret ; private ; conceal-
ed ; obfcure ; hidden.

LeE us -A-ithdraw all lupplies from our hjfts, and
not by any fecrec rcfetved ^S^iXion give cheai clan-
cii'ar aids to maintain ^beir rebeiiion*

Decay cfPsety.

CL ANDE'STINE.ff«7. [<-/«Wc/?/w, Lat.]
Secret ; hidden ; private : in an ill
fenfe.

Tho' nitrous tempelts, and cltrMJiini death,
Fill'd the deep caves and numerous vaults beneath,

Clande'stinely. adv. ]Jxom dandef-
iine.'\ Secretly; privately; in private;
in fecret.

There have been two printed papers clanitfiirtly
fpread about, whereof no man is able to trace the
original. Siv'ift.

CLANG, n. /, {clangor, Lat.] A Iharp,
fiirill noife.

With fuch a horrid clang
As on mount Sinai rang.

While the red 6re aad fmould'ring clouds out-
break. Milton.
An Ifland f.ilt and bare
The haunt of feals and ores, and fca-mews clang.

Milton.
What cltngs were heard in German (kies afar.
Of arms and armies rulhing to the war! Drydcn.

Guns, and trumpets clongt and folcmn found
Of drunis, o'ercamc tbcir groans. PkiDps.

To Clang, -v. n. \clango, Lat.l To clat-
ter ; to make a loud Ihrill noife.

Have I not in a pitched battle heard
Loud 'larums, neighing ftceds, an4 trumpets chwg ?

Bhakejpiarc.
The Libyans, clad io armour, lead
-fbc dance; and tiatigmg fwords and fliields they
beat. _ Priir.

To Clang, -v. a. To (Irike together with
a noife.

The fierce Curetes trod tumultuous
Their myftic dailce, and clang'd their founding

arms;
Induftrious with the warlilce din t« quell
Thy infant cries. Pritir.

Cr, a'ngour. n.f. [clangor, Lat.] Aloud
ihrill found. '

in ddth he cried.
Like to a difmal clangour heard fiom far,
Warwick, rcie:;gc my death. Stakeffiare.

With joy tar'y vir.w the waving enfigns fly,
And hejr the trutf cts clan^nar pierce tiie fky.

Dryilcn.

Cla'ngoui. adj. [itom clang.] Making
a clang.

We do not obferve the cranes, and birds of long
necks, have any mulical, but harlh and cljngout
throats. Brc-wn.

Clank, n.f. [from clang."] Aloud, (hrilf,
fharp noife, made by ths collifion cf
hard and for' ■ " ies.

: melodious clank of
- ■ •■ *'• !>pcSlator.

[clappan. Sax. klapptn,

They were ^
lTl3rr'>w-bjnc ana

To CLAP. -v. a

Dutch.]
I. To ftrike together with a quick motion,

fo as to make a noife by the collifion.

Following the fliers.
With them he enters; who, upon the fudden,
Clapt to their gates. ShakcJ/xare.

Mm (hall claf their bands at him, and &ail hi^ls
him out of his place. y»i.

Have you never fecn a citixen, in a cold marn-
iflg, claffing his Gdei, aad walking before his
fl>f>P ' _ Dryden.

He crowing i!af,p'ii his wingt, th' appointed call
T» chuck bis wivtJ together in the hall.

Dryden'i Fablit.

C L A

Each port of the air her glary Cng',
And round him the pleas'd audience clap thtir
wings. Drydm.

He had juft time to get in and clap ti the door,
to avoid the blow. Locke on Educathn.

In flowVy wreathes the royal virgin dieft
His bending horns, and kindly chpt his bread,

Addifon.

Glad of a quarrel, ftraight 1 clap the door.
Sir, letmcfeeyourworicsand you no more. Pope.

2. To add one thing to another, implying
the idea of fomething hafty, unexpefted,
or fudden.

They c/ap mouth to mouth, wing to wing, and
leg to leg ; and fo, after a fwxet finging, fjll down
into lakes. Carcw.

This pink is one of Cupid's cairiers : c/ap on
more fails; purfue. Shakifpare.

Smooth temptations, like the fun, makean.aid-
en lay by her veil and robe; which pcrfecution,
like the northern wind, made her hold faft, and
clap clofe about her. layUr,

If a man be highly commended, we think him
fufficicntly Icflened, if we dap fm, or folly, or in-
Brmity into his account. 7aylir's Living Hcly.
Razor-makers generally clap a fnjall bar of Ve-
nice fteel between two fmall birs of Flemilb ftecl.
« Muxon'i Mectankal Excrcif;!.

The man clapt his fingers one day to his mouth,
and blew upon them. LlEJlrange.

His (hield thrown by, to mitigate the fmart,
He clapp''d his hand upon the wounded part. Dryd.
If you leave fome I'pace empty for the air, then
cUp your hand upon the mouth of the vcfTel, and
the filhes will contend to get uppermoft in the
water. Ray m the Creation.

It would be as abfurd as to fay, he clapped fpurs
to his horfe at St. James's, and galloped away to
the Hague. Addfn.

By having their minds yet in their perfe£l free-
dom and indifferency, they purfue trutii the better,
having no bias yet ctapptd on to miflead them.

Locke.

I have obfcrved a certain cheerfulnefs in as bad

a fyftem of features as ever was clapped together,

which hath appeared lovely. AdJipn's Speilater.

Let all her ways be unconfin'd.

And clap your padlock on her mind. Prior.

Socrates or Alexander might have a fool's coat

elapt upon them, and perhaps neither wifdoni nor

majeily would fccurc them from a Oieer.

IVatts on the Mind.

. To do any thing with a fudden hafty
motion, or unexpededly.

We were dead afleep.
And, how we know not, all c'apt under hatches,

Shakefpeare.
He was no fconer entered into the town, but a
ftambling foldierr/a/r hold of his bridle, which he
thought was in a begging or in a drunken fafliiofi.

Woiton'i Life cf Buck.

So much from the reft of Jiis countrymen, and

indeed from his whole fpecies, that his fiicnds

would have clapped him into bedlam, and have

begg-d his eftate. SjedMor.

Have you obfcrv'd a fitting hare,
Lift'niiig, and fearful of the ftorm
Of horns and hounds, cUp back her ear ? Prior.
We will uke our remedy at law, and c/ap an
aflion upon you for old dcbu.

Ariuitti'j'i Uiftory of John Bull.

To celebrate or praife by clapping the
hands ; to applaud.

I have often heard the ftitioner wilhing for
thoi'e hands to take uK his melancholy bargain,
which dipped it; performance on die ftagc.

Dedication to Dryden's Spanijh Friar.

To infefl with a venereal poijfon. [See
the noun.]

If the patient hath been dapt, it will be the more
difficult to cure him the fecond time, and worfe
tJic third. mjemM.

Let men and manners ev'ry di(h adapt;
Who'd force bis p ff per wbcic his gucAs are clapt f

King.

C L A

6. 7o Clap up. To complete fuddenly,
without much precaution.

No longer than we welt could waih our hands,

To clap this royal bargain up of peace. Sbakefp»

Was ever match clapt up fo fuddenly ? Shahfp,

A peace may be clapped up with that fuddennefs,

that the forces, wjiich are now in itiotion, may

unexpedledly fall upon his fkirts.

HotveVs Vocal Forejl,

J. To Clap up. To imprifon with little
formality or delay.

Being prefented to the emperor for his admira..
ble beauty, he was known, and the prince clapt
him up as his inveiglcr, Sandys,

To Clap. -v. n.

1. To move nimbly with a noife.

Every door flew op-ni
T' admit my entrance ; and then clapt behind me.
To bar my going back. Dryden,

A whirlwind rofe, that with a violent blaft
Sliook all the dome : the doors around me clapt.

Dryden,

2. To enter with alacrity and brilknefs up •
on any thing.

Come, a fong.~— •
—Shall we clap into 't roundly, without faying wn

arc hoarfe .' Shakefpeare.

3. To ftrike the hands together in ap-
plaufe.

All the beft men are ours; for 'tis ill hap
If they hold, when tlieir ladies bid 'em !:/«/'. Shah. ^
Clap. n.f. [from the verb.]

1 . A loud nolle made by fudden collifion.

Give the door fuch a clap as you go out, as
will fliake the whole room, and make every tiling
rattle in it. Smft.

2 . A fudden or unexpeiled aft or motion.

It is monftrous to me, that the fouth-fea fliould
pay half their debts at one clap. Sivift'i Lelters.

3. An explofion of thunder.

There Ihall be horrible claps of thunder, and
flalhes of lightning, voices and earthquakes.

liakrujill on Providence.
The clap it paft, and now the ikies are clear.

Dryden s fuv,

4. An aft of applaufe.

The ai3ors, in the inidft of an innocent old
play, are often ftartled in the midft of unexpefted
claps or hiffes, Addifon.

5. A fudden or unexpefted misfortune.
Obfolete.

6. A venereal infeftion. [from clapolr, Pr.]
Time, that at laft matures a claf to pox. Pope,

7. [With falconers.] The nether part of
the beak of a hawk,

Cla'pper, ti.f. [from clap.]

1. One who claps with his hands ; an ap-
plauder.

2. The tongue of a bell.

He hath a h^art as found as a bell, and his
tongue is the clapper; for what his heart thinks,
his tongue fpcaks. Shakefpeare.

I f<w a yojn^ lady fall down the other day, and
/he much rcfeniblcd an overturned bell without a
cl''J>fi'r. Addifoa.

3 . Ct. APPttL of a Mill. A piece of wood
ftiaking the hopper.

To Cla'pi'ercl AW. -v. a. [from clap and
cla-Tv.] To tongurbeat ; to fcold.

They are clapp.-rctaiiing one another, I'll look
■">• , ■ Shakefpeare.

They've always been at daggers-drawing.
And one another !-/a//fr.7n«i»^. Uudibrai.

CLA'RENcEux.or Cla'rbncievx. n.f.

The fecond king at arms : fo named

from tlie ducliy oS^Jaretice.
Clare-obscure, tf, f, [from clarus,

bright, and obfcunu, Lat.] Light and
. fhadc in painting,

M

C L A

A& mafterc in the ehrc-tljcmi
With various light jour tye alluiej
A flaming yfllow here they fpreidi
Draw ofF in blue, or charge in red ;
Yet fiO:n thefe colours, oddly mixM,
Your fight upon the whale is fix'd. Prrw.

Cla'ret. «./. [Jairet, Ft.] French wine,
of a. clear pale red colour.

Red and white wine are in a trice confoundcJ
into (hrttm Soy!^»

The claret fmooth, red as the lips we prcfs
In fparlcling fancyj while wc drain the bowl.

ThonJ'tr.

Cla'ricord. h./. [from a'arus and chcr-
i/a, Latin.]

A mulical inftruineiit in form of a fpinette, but
more ancient. It has forty-nine or fifty keys, and
fevcoty ilrings. Cbambirs.

Clarifica'tjon. n. /. [ftova clarify.]
The adl of making any thing clear from
impurities.

Liquors are, many of them, at tbs firft, thick
and troubled; as mulVe, and wort: to know the
means of accelerating clarificauim> we mud know
the caufc$ of f/jri^fd/iojr. Bactn.

To CLA'RIFY. V. a. [clarifier, French.]

1. To purify or clear any liquor; to fe-
parate from feculencies or impurities.

The apothecaries claiify their fyrups by whites
of eggs, beaten with the juices which they would
tlarify \ which whites of eggs gather all the dregs
and grolTer parts of the juice to them; and afterj
the fyrup being fet on the fire, the whites of eggs
thenifelvcs harden, and arc taken forth. Bac^n,

2. To brighten; to illuminate. This fenfe
is rare.

The will was then duflile and pliant to all the
motions of right reafon : it met the dictates of a
ctarifial undeHlanding half way. South.

The Chriftian religion Is tlje only means that
God has fanOitied, to fet fallen man upon his k-gs
again, to clarify his reafon, and to reflify his will.

Soutb,

To Cla'rify. 1/. «. To clear up; to
grow bright.

Whofoever hath his mind fraught with many
thoughts, his wits and underftanding di clarfy
and break up in the difcourfing with another; he
marfhallcth his thoughts more orderly, he feeth
how they look when they are turned into words.

Bacon's mTnys.
Ci.a'riok. n. f. [clarin, Spanilh ; from
clarus, loud, Lat.] A trumpet ; a wind
inArument of war.

And after to his palace he them brings,
Wi'.h (hams, and trumpets, and with darknt fweet ;
And all the way thejoyous people fings. Speiifir.
' . Then ftrait commands, that at the warlike found
Of trumpets loud, and clancnt, be uprcarM
The mighty flandard. , Milton' t ParaM/e LcJI.

Let fuller notes th' applauding wotUi amaze.
And the loud ctaricn labour in your praifc. Pope*

Cla'rity. n.f. [clarte, French; claritas,
Latin.] Brightnefs ; fplendour.

A light by abundant clarity invifible ; an Ufl>
ierftanding which itfelf can only comprehend.

Sir Walter Raleigh.
Man was not only deceivable in his integrity,
but the angels of light in all their clarity*

Brtiun's f^ulgar Errcurs.

Cla'rv. »./. [herminium, Lat.] An herb.

Plants that have ciicled leaves du all abound with
moilture. The weakelt kind of curling is rough-
nefs ; as in clary and burr. Bacon i Natural lliji.

Tc CLASH, -v. n. [iletfea, Dut. to make

a noife.l
I. To make a noife by mutual coUifion ;

to ftrike one againll another.

Three tiire*, as of the e.'ajhing found
Of uati, we heard. Detibam.

C L A

Thofc fcw ttiat fliouH happen to elajb, Ihight
rebound after the collilion. BenlUy.

How many candles may fend out their light,
vii\.\\a\ix ihJUngi upon one another! which argues
the fmalloeCi of the parts of light, and the latge-
nefs of the interfticei between particles of air and
other bodies._ . Cieyirf .

2. To aft with oppofite power, or contrary
direftion.

Ncitlierwas thete any queen-mother who might
clafi with his counfellors for authority. Bacon.

Thofe that are not convinced what help this i'
to mafjiftracy, would find it, if they fljould chance
to "'V*- South.

3. To contradifl ; to oppofe.

Wherever there are men, there will be clafiiing
fome time or other; and a knock, or a conteii,
fpoilsall. VEflrange.

The afafurdity in tliif inllance is obvious ; and
yet every time that clajh'wg metaphors are put
together, this fault is committed. Spiciaisr.

Tc Clash, f. a. To ftrike one thing a-
gainft another, fo as to produce a noife.

The nodding ftatue clajh'd b\s arms.
And with a fullcn found, and feeble crj-.
Half funk, and half pronounc'd the word of vic-
tor)-. Diydcn.

Clash, n. f. [from the verb.]

1. A noify colli<ion of two bodies.

The clajh of arms and voice of .men we hear.

Denbam.
He nobly feia'd thee In the dire alarm;
Of war and flauViter, and the clajh of arms. Pofc.

2. Oppofition; contradicUon.

Then from the clajhet between popes and kings,
Debate, like fparks from flint's coUifion, fprings.

DenhuK.

In the very next line he reconciles the fatliers
and fcripture, and (hews there is no r/.i/o betwixt
them. yttiaiiury.

CLASP, n.f [chifpc'DatQh.]

1 . A hook to hold any thing clofe ; as .1
bool^ or garment.

The fcurpion's claws here grafp a wide extent,
And here the crab's in Icflcr clajpi are bent. Md':f-

He took me afide, cpening' the claffi of the
parchment cover. Arbuthnot and Pope.

2. An embrace, in contempt.

Your fair daughter,
Tranfportcd with no worfe nor better guard.
But with a knave of hire, a gondjlier,
To the grnfs chfpi of a lafcivious Moor. Sbahefp.

To Clasp, --v. a. [from the noun.]

1. To Ihut with a clafp.

Sermons ,ire the keys of the kingdom of heaven,
and do open tiie fcriptures; which being but read,
remain, in comparifon, dill clajped. Hooker.

There Caxton (lept, witii Wynkln at his iidc;
One cl.-fp'd \n wood, and one in ftrong cowhide.

Pope.

2. To catch and hold by twining,

Pirca
The clajping Ivy 'a here to ciimb. Milicn's Par, Loft.

3. To hold with the hands extended ; to
, indole between the hand.s.

Occafion turneth the handle of the bottle fitft to
be received ; and after the belly, which is hard to
clafp. ' Bacon.

4. To embrace.

Thou art a flave, whom fortune's tender arm
With favour never chfpt, but bred a dog. Shakeff,

Thy fuppiiant
I beg, and Hafp thy knees. Milton's Par. Loft.

He ftoop'd below
The flying fpear, and ihun'd the promis'd blow;
Then creeping, claj'p'd the hero's knees, and pray'd.

Dry den.
Now, now heclafps her to his panting breaft;
Now he devours her with his eager eyes. , Smith.

5. To inclofe.

Boys, with women's voices.
Strive to fpcak big, and clafp their female joints
In ftiif uiiweildy arms againft tJiy crown, Stakefp.

^icK. l^'^j' {^^"f'^"'' Latin.]

C L A

Cla'sper. n.f [from clafp,] The ten.
drils or threads of creeping plants, by
which they cling to other things for fup-
port.

The tendtels or clafpert of plants art given only
to fuch fpeeies at have weak and infirm (talks.

Ray on the Crep'unu

Cla'spknife. «./ [from f^a/^ and )fff/^.]

A knife which folds into the handle.
CL.ASS. n.f. [from clajjis, Latin.]

1 . A rank or order of perfons.

Srgrais has diftinguilhed the readers of poetry,
.iccordi.ng to their capacity of judging, into three
clajjis. Dryden.

2. A number of boys learning the /ame
leHbn at the fchool.

Wc (hall be feized away from this lower clafs
in the fchool of knowledge, and our converfation
(hall be with angels and illuminated fpirits.

fVattt c» the Mind.

3. A fet of beings or things ; a number
ranged in diftribution, under fome com-
mon denomination.

Among this herd of politicians, any one fet
make a very cjnfiderable clajs of men.

Addijcn's Freeholder.

Whate'er of mongrel, no one clafs admits
A wit with dunces, and a dunce with wits. Pope,

To Class. 1/. a. [from the noun.] To
range according to fome Hated method
of diftribution ; to range according to
different ranks.

I confidered that, by the clajjinr and methodi-
zing fuch paffages, I might inftrua the reader.

Arhulbnot en Coint,

Cla'ssical.

C la's SI

1. Relating to antique authors; relating
to literature,

Poetick fields encompafs me around,
And ftiil I feem to tread on clajjick ground. AJdif.

With them the genius of clajpck learning dweU
leth, and from them it is derived.

FJton CH the ClaJJickt.

2. Of the fir ft order or rank.

From this ftanJard the value of the Roman
weights and coins are deduced : in the fettling
of which I have foIloATd Mr. Greaves, who
may be juftly reckoned a clajftcal author on this
fubjec>. A'-hutbnot on Coint.

Cla'ssick, n.f. [iiijicus, Lat.] ,^n au-
thor of the firlt rank : ufuaJly taken for
ancient authors.

The clafu-ks of an age that heard of none. Pope.

CLJ'SSIS. n.f [Latin.] Order; fort;

body.

He had declared his opinion of that f/<>^j of
men, and did all he could to binder their growth.

Clarendon.

To CLA'TTER. v. n. [clarpunje, a rat-
tle, Saxon.]

1. To make a noife by. knocking two fo-
norous bodies frequently together.

Now the fprightly trumpet from afar
Had rous'd the neighing .leeds to fcour the fields.
While the fierce riders clatter" don their fiiiclds.

DryJen.

2. To utter a noife by being ftrnck toge-
ther.

Ail that night was heard an unwonted clattering
of weapons, and of men running to and fro.

Knolles's Hiftory.
Down funk the monfter-bulk, and prefs'd the
ground ;
His arms and clattering fliield on the vaft body
found. Dryden.

Their clattering arms with tljc fierce fhocks
refound ;
Hclmeti and broken launces fjieaJ the ground.

Cranxille,

3. To

C L A

3. To talk faft and idly.

Here is a g.eat deal of good matter

Left for lack of telling ;
N.iw, fiker, I fee thou do'ft but clatter;
Herm may come of melling. Sfenfrr.

All thofa airy fpecolations, which bettered not
men's manners, were wnly a noife and chtieriag ot
words. Decay of Piety.

To Cla'tTER. 1/. a.

1. To ftrike any thing lb as to make it
found and rattle.

I only with an oaken ftaffwill meet thee.
And raife fuch outcries on thy clatter'd iron,
That thou oft (halt wifli thyfelf at Gath. Milun.
When all the bees are gone to fettle,

You clatter ftiU your brazen kettle. Swift.

2. To difpute, jar, or clamour : a low
word. Martin.

Cla'tter. n.f. [from the verb.]

1. A rattling noife made by the frequent
a.nd quick coUifion of fonorous bodies.
A clatter is a clap often repeated with
great quicknefs, and feems to convey
the idea of a found (harper and fhriller
than rattle. [See the verb.]

1 have feen a monkey overthrow all the diflirs
«nd plates in a kitchen, merely for the pleasure of
feeing them tumble, and hearing the clattc they
made in their fjll. Swift,

2. It is uft:d for anyitumultuous and con-
fufed noife.

By this great clatter, one of the greateft note
Scem» bruited. Shakcffeate.

G row to be fhoit.
Throw by your datter^
And handle the matter. Ben Jeifim.

O Rourk's joily boyj
Ne'er dreamt of the matter,
Till rous'd by the noife
And mufical clatter. Staift.

The jumbling particles of matter
In chaos make not fuch a clatter, Stvift.

Cla'vated. atij. [elavatui, Lat.] Knob-
bed; fet with knobs.

Theft appear plaiily to have been clavaied
fpikcs of fome kind of echinus ovariut.

'■" ' ' Wmdviard on Fcfpls.

Cla'udbnt. aJj, [cUuitens, Lat.] Shut-
ting; inclofing; confining. DiJI.
To CLA'UDICATE. -v. n. \claudko, La-
tin.] To halt; to limp. Dia.
Claudica'tion, n.f. [fromf/aad/Va/c]
The aft or habit of halting. Dia.
Clave, [the preterite of dea-ve.l See

Cleave.
Cla'vellates. adj. {clo'vellatut, low
Latin.] Made with burnt tartar: a
chymical terra. Chambers.

Air, traiifmittcd through etavellated aflies into
an exhaufted receiver, \aSa weight » it paffes
through them. ArimbrM.

Cla'ver. n.f. [claepeji pypr, Sax.] Thi,s
is now nniverfally written clover, though
not fo properly. See Clover.
Cla'vjcle. n.f. \yiavicula. Lat.'] The
collar bone.

Some quadrupeda can bring their fore feet unto
their mouths ; as mod that have clavicia, or collar
•"O""- . , Brmjn.

A girl was brought with angry wheaU down
■ her neck, towards the clavicle. IViJeman't Surrerj.

Clause. «./. [dau/ula, Latin.]
I. A fentence; a finglc part of a dif-
courfe ; a fubdivifion of a larger fen-
tence ; fo much of a fenteoce ai is to be
construed together.

Cod may be gloriiied by obedience, and obeyed
by perfermance of Lis wiii, although no Ipccial

C L A

tiauft or fentence of fcripture be in tvery fuch
adtion fet before men's eyes to waj-rant it. ilockcr.
2. An article, or particular ftipulation.
The c/aufe is untrue concerning the bilhop.

Hooker.

When, after his death, thty were fent both to

Jews and Gentiles, we find nc)t this elaife in their

commirticn. Smth.

Cla'ustral. ac//. [ftom elauftriim, Lat.]
Relating to a cloyller, or religious houie.
_ Clauf.ral priors are fuch as prefiJe over monafte-
ries, next to the abbot or chief governour in fuch
religious houfes. Ayliffe.

Cla'usure. n.f. [claufura, Lat.] Con-
finement ; -the aft of ihutting ; the ftate
of being (hut.

In fomc monaftcrics the fcverity of the clanjure
is hard to be born. GcJda.

CLAW. n.f. [clapan, Saxon.]

1 . The foot of a beaft or bird, armed with
(harp naih; or the pincers or holders of
a (hell-fi(h.

I faw her ranfe abroad to feek her food,
T' cmbrue her teeth and clatot with lukwarm
blood. Sfenfer.

What's jufticc to a man, or laws.
That never com-s within their claivi f Hudsbrai.

He foftens the harlh rigour of the laws,
Blunts their keen eijge, and grinds their harpy
clawi. Gerlh.

2. Sometimes a hand, in contempt.
To Claw. v. a. [clapan, Saxon.]

1. To tear with nails or claws.

Lo;k, if the nithei'd elder hath not his poll
clatu'd like a parrot. Sbakeffcare.

2. To pull, as with the nails.

1 .im afraid we (hall not cafily cla-j) off that
name. South.

3. To tear or fcratch in general.

But we mu(l cla-w ourfelves wirh (hameful
And heathen ftripes, by their example, Hudibras.

Tiiey for their own opinions (land faft,
Only to have them cla-u'd and canvaft. Huditrat.

4. To fcratch or tickle.

1 muft laugh whcivl am merry, and clfitf no
I man in his humour. ' Sbaicfpearr.

J. To flatter: an obfoiete fenfe. ' See
> Clawback. ■

6. To C LAV/ off, or away. To fcold ; to
rail at.

Ynu thank the place where you found money ;

but t'lic jade Fortune is to \k clatvid atvay for't, if

you ihould lofe it. L'Eflrange.

Cla'wback. n.f. [from ela^ and i.icL]

A flatterer ; a fycophant ; a whecdler.

The pope's clanrbucki. Jemcl.

Cla'wed. adj. [from daixi.] Furnilhcd or
armed with claws.

Among quadrupeds, of all the clawed, the lion

is the ftrongeft. G rcui' t Ccfmelogia

CLAY, n.f [clai, Welfh ; %, Dutch.] '

1, Unftuous and tenacious earth, fuch as

will mould into a certain form.

Clays .ire e.uths (irmly coherent, weighty and
comfiQ, rtilT, vifcid, and duOiletoa great degree,
whili: moift ; fmooth to the touch, not eafily break-
ing between the fingers, nor reaJily dlflufible in
water; and, when mixed, not readily fubfiding
f""" 't' Hill on Fofpls.

Deep Acheron,
Whofe troubled eddies, thick with ooze and clay.
Are whirl'd aloft. Dryden.

Expofe the clay to the rain, to drain it from iaits,
that the briciu way be more duribie.

H^oodtvard on Foffili.

Th« fun, which foftens wax, will harden claj.

fPait:.

Clover is the beft viay of improving 'la^', where
ounure i« ftarce. Monimei 1 llujhandry.

CLE

I 2. [In-poetry.] Earth in general ; the
terreftrial element.

Why (hould our clay
Over our fplrits fo much fway .' Dcnre.

To Clay. -v. a. [from the noun.] To
cover with clay ; to manure with clay.

This manurisg lafts fifty years : then the ground
muft be clayed again. Mortimer^s Hujhandry,

Clay. COLD. adj. [clay and cold.] Life-
lefs ; cold as the unanimated earth.

I wafh'd his clay. cold corfe v\'!th holy drop?,
And law )iim laid In hallow'd ground. RiWe,

Clay-pit. n.f. [clay and /;>.] A pit
where clay is dug.

"I'was found in a cUy-fit. Tfoodward en FoJ/ils.

CLAYEs.ti.f [claye, Pr. In fortification.]
Wattles made with Hakes interwove
with ofiers, to cover with lodgments.

Chambers.
Cla'vey. adj. [from clny.] Conlifting
of clay ; abounding with clay.

Some in a lax 01 fandy, ferae a heavy or clayey

foil. Derham.

Cla'vish. adj. [from clay.] Partaking of

the nature of clay; containing particles

of clay.

Small beer proves an unwholefome drink ; per-
haps, by being brewed wfth a tliick, muddi/h, aiii
elayipi water, whicli the brewers covet.

Hawey on CcrfuKptiint.
Cla'ymarl. n.f. [clay and marl.] A
whitiih, fmooth, chalky clay.

ticymarl refcmbles clay, and is near a-kin fo
it; b:it is more fat, and fometimes mixed with
chjik-ftoncs. Mortimer's Hujhandry.

CLEAN, adj. [glan, Wel(h ; cljene. Sax.]
1. Free from dirt or filth ; as, clean water. ,

Both his hands, moft filthy feculent,
Ab:)vc the water were on high extent,
And (ain'd to wadi themfclves incelf.intly ;
Yet nothing cleaner were for fuch intent.
But r.ither fouler. ,. Fairy Siveen.

They make clean the outfide of the cup and of
the platter, but within they are full of cxtoi tion
and exccfs. Mat:heiu.

He that hath clean hand-; and a pure heart. Ff.il.

Create in me a clean lieirt, O God ! Pfalms,

z. Free from moral impurity ; chafte ; in-
nocent ; guiltlefs.
3. Elegant; neat ; not unwieldy ; not en-
cumbered with ^ny thing ufclefs or dif-
proportioned.

The timber and wood are in fome trees more
clctin, in fome more knotty. Bacon's Natural Hijl,

Yet thy waift is ftraight and clean
As Cupid's (h.ift, or Hermes' rod. Waller.

4. Not foul with any loathfome difeafe ;
not leprous.

If die plague be fomewhat dark, and fprcad not
in the /kin, the prieft (hall pronounce him clean.

Leviticus.

5. Dextrous ; not bungling ; feat : as, a
clean trick ; a clean leap ; a clean boxer.

Clean, adv.

1. Quite; perfeftly; fully; completely.
This fenfe is now little ufed.

Their aOions have been clean contrary unto
tliofe before mentioned. Hoiker.

Being feated, and domeftick broils
Clean overblown. Shakcfpeare.

A philofopher, prclfcd with the fame obje<aion,
(hapes an anfwcr clean contrary,

Hakenjuill on Providence.

2. Without mifcarriage ; in a dexterous
manner.

Pope came 0^ clean with Homer; but they fay,
Broome went before, and kindly (Vpt the way.

Henlrt.

To

C L E

TfCttAK.v.a. [from the adjccUvc] To
free from dirt or liltli.

Their tiibcsadju(led,r/.r«n'i/th«irvig'rousM'ings,
And many a circle, many a fljort dfay,
Wheel'd round and round. Thmtftii,

Cle'anlily. adv. [from cltanly,] Iti a
cleanly manner.

Cle'anliness. n.J". [from cleanly.']

1. Freedom from dirt or filth.

I (hall fpeak nothing ot' the extent of this city,
the elianlmijs of its ftrtetf, nor the beauties of its
P'Mi". AiJifcn-

2. Neatnefs of drefs ; purity ; the quality
contrary to negligence and nallinefs.

The miArcfj thought it either not to dcfcrvc, or
not to need, any exijuinte decking, having no
adorning but cltanlmefs, SidHey.

From whence the tender /kin alTumes
A fvvcetnels above all perfumes 5
trom whence a ckanlimfs remains.
Incapable of outward ftains. Swift.

Such c/ainriKifs from head to heel ;
No humours grofs, or frowzy fleams,
No noifame whiffs, or fwcaty Ilrcams. Sivift.
Cle'anlv. oi/J. [from clean.]

1 . Free from dirtincfs ; careful to avoid
filth ; pure in the perfon.

Next that (hall mountain 'fparagus be laid, '
PuU'd by fome plain but c/ejn/jf country malJ.

Dryjin.

An ant is a very cltan^ infefl, and throws out
of her ncft all the fmall remains of the corn on
which flie feeds. Addijm.

2. That which makes cleanlinefs.

In our fantaftick climes, the fair
With cleanly powder dry their hair. Pi'iDr.

3. Pure; innocent | immaculate.

Perhaps human nature meets few more fweetiv
reiifliing and ckaisly joys, than thofe that derive
from fuccefsfu' trials. Glanv'iUe.

4. Nice; addrefsful; artful.

Through his li;ie handling, and \a% cleavly play,
All thofe ruyal figns had ftole away. Sferfc'r.

We can fecure ourfclvcs a retreat by (omt cleanly
evafion. L'E/lr'aige'i Fal>!cs.

Cle'anlv. ac/v: [from clean.] Elegantly;
neatly ; without naftinefs.

If I do grow great, I'll leave fack, and live
cleanly, as a nobleman (hnild. Shakcjp. Hcr.ry IV.

Cle'anness. ». /.■ [from clea/i.]

1. Neatnels ; freedom from filth.

2. Eafy exaftnefs; jullncfs; natural, un-
laboured correftriefs.

He fliewcd no ftrcngth in fliaking of his ftaff;
but the fine cUanrift of bearing it was delightful.

Sidney.

He minded only the clcarnefs of his fatirc, and
the cUannefs of exprcdion. Dryden'i Ju-uenal.

3. Pnrity ; innocence. i

The cltanrefs and purity of onr's mind is never
better proved, than in difcovoring its own faults at
firft view. Pabt.

To Cleanse, o/. a. [cl«nfian, Saxon.]

1 . To free from filth or dirt, by wadiing
or rubbing.

CUanfe the pale corps with a religious hind
From thcpollutingweed andcommon fand. Pncr.

2. To purify from guilt.

The bluencfs of a wound clanfeih away evil.

Provtrbi.
Not all her od'rooi tears can eleanfe her ci iirc,
The plant alone deforms the happy ciime. Drydtn.

3. To free from ■ noxious humours by pur-
gation.

Canft thou not minifter to a mind difcas'd,
A . with fome fwoet oblivious antidote,
CUanfe the ftufF'd bofom of that perilous ftuff
Which weighs upon the heart ? Shahijfeare.

This oil, combined with its own fait and fugar,
laakct it faponacwus and cltan/ing, by which qua-
10

CLE

Uty it a/ten helps dige^Kon, and excites appetite.
jtrhmbnoi m AHmemt,

4. To free from leprofy.

Shew thyfelf to the pricft, and offer for Aycleen-
Jmg thofe things which Moles cimmanded.

Mart, i. 44.

5. To'fcour ; to rid of all ofFenfive things.

This river the Jews proffered the pope to cleanfe,
(a tliey might have what they found:

Addifm on Italy.

Cle'anser. »./ [clacnpejie. Sax.] That
which has the quality of evacuating any
foul humours, or digeiling a fore ; a de-
tergent.

If there happens an importhumc, honey, and
even honey of roles, taken inwardly, is a good
clianjer. Arbutlm;!.

CLEAR. aJj. Idair, Fr, klatr. Dutch;
clarus, Lat.]

1. Bright; tranfpicuous ; pellucid; tran-
fparent ; luminous ; without opacity or
cloudinefs ; not nebulous ; not opacous ;
not dark.

The flrcam is fo tranfparrat, pure, and clear.
That, had the felf-enamour*d youth gaz'd here.
He but the bottom, not his face, had feen. Derh.

2. Perfpicacious ; (harp.

Michael from Adam's eyes the film remov'd.
Which that falfe fruit; that promts'd cl:crcr fight.
Had bred. Milton's ParadiJ'e Lofl.

A tun about was every pillar there;
A polilh'd mirrour (hone not half fo clear,

Drydin's FMes,

3 . Cheerful ; not clouded with care er an-
ger.

Sternly he pronounc'd
The rigid interdiftion, which refounds
Yet dreadful in mine ear, though in my choice
Not to incur; but fjon his cleai^ afpcdt
Return'd, and gracious purpofe thus renew'd.

Milton.

4. Free from clouds ; ferene. .

I will darken the earth in a clear day. Anw.
And the clear fun on his wide watery glafs
Onz'd hot. Milf.ni Paradifc l.'fl.

5. Without mixture ; pure j unmingled.

6. Perfpicuous ; not obfcure ; not hard to
be underllood ; not ambiguous.

We pretend to give a clear account how thunder
and lijhtning is produced. ■ ' Tcmfte'.'

Many men reafon exceeding clear and ri(;htly,
who know net how to make a fyllogifm. Lccke.

7. Indifputable ; evident; undeniable.

Rcmain'd to our almighty foe
Clear viOory ; to our part lofs, and rout
Through all th' empyrean. MMtm'i Paradife hofl.

8. Apparent ; manifeft ; not hid ; not
i dark. . ^ /_.. ,

The hemlfphere of earth, la clearefi ken,
Stretch'd out to th' funplell 'reach of profpefl lay.

Milisn.

Unto Ood, who underftandetli all their fecrct
cogitations, they arc clear and man! felt. Hooker,

The pleafure of right reafoning is ftili the greater,
by how much the confcquences arc more clear, and
the chains of th-^m m^rc long. Burnetii theory,

9. Quick to underfland ; prompt ; acute.

Mother of fcience, now 1 feel thy power
Within me clear, not only to djfcern
Things in their caufes, biK to trace tlio ways
Of highrft agents, dcem'd however wife. Mtltoit.

10. Unrpotted ; guiltlefs ; irreproachable.

Duncan has been fo clear in his great olBcr.

Shiiieffeert.
Think that the clearefi g!)ds, who make them
honours
Of men's impoflibilities, have picferv'd thee,

Sbahffftjre.

Repentance fo altereth and chaagcth a man

through the mercy of Ood, be he hever lb delilc I,

. tliat it maketh him pure and clctn ff-bHgijit.

CLE

Though the peripatekick philofophy has been
moll eminent in its way, yet other fe^bave not
been wholly clear of it. Ltcke,

Statcfman, yeT friend to truth, in foul fincere.
In adion faithful, and in honour clear, P9pe,

11. UnprepolTeflcd ; not preoccupied ; im-
partial.

Lcucippe, of whom one look, in a r/wr judg-
ment, would have been more acceptable than all
her kindnefs fo prodigally bellowed. Sidney,

12. Free from diflrefs« profecution, or
imputed guilt.

The cruel corp'ral whifper'd in my ear,
Five pounds, if rightly tipt, would let me clear.

Cay,

13. Free from deduftions or encumbrances.

Hope, if the fuccefs happens to fail, is clear
gains as long a^ it lalls. Collier agairfl Difyair,

Whatever a foreigner, who puichafes land nerf>

gives for it, is fo much every fai thing clear gain

to the nation ; for that money comes clear in,

without carrying out any thing f t it. Locke,

I often wilh'd that I had eUar,

For life, fix hundred pounds a-ycar. Stoift,

14. Unencumbered ; without let or hin-
drance ; vacant ; unobAruded.

If he !*: fo far beyond his health,
Methinks he Ihould the fooner pay his debts.
And make a clear viiy to the gods. Statejifieare,
A pod-boy winding his hoin at us, my compa-
nion gave him two or fkm curfes, and left the
way cljfir for him. AdJijun.

A clear ftage is left for Jupiter to difplay hia
omnipotence, and turn the fate of armies alone.

Pcfe's EJfay on Hemtr.

15. Out of debt.

16. Uneatangled ; at a fafe diftance from
any danger or enemy.

Finding ourfeives too liow of fail, we put on a
compelled valour, and in the grapple 1 boarded
theA : on the inltant they got clear of cur Hiip.

StaLfj:eare,
It requires care for a snan with a double defign
to keep clear of daAting with his own reafonings.

L'EJh-avge.

17. Canorous; {bunding difUndly, plain-
ly, articulately.

I much approved of my friend's infilling upon
the qualifications of a good afpcdl and a clear voice.

AdJijon.
Hark! the numbers foft and clear
Gently (leal upon the ear;
Now louder and yet louder rife,
And fill with fpreAding-.founds the Ikies. Poft,
t8. Free; guiltlefs: with yro«i.

I a.Ti clear from the blood of this woman.

Sufanna,

None is fo fit to correQ their faults, as he whoj

is clear from any in his own writings. Drydin,

19. Sometimes with 0/;

The air is clearer of groCa and damp exhalations

Temple,

20. Ufed of perfons. Diftingnifhing; ju-
dicious ; intelligible : this is fcarcely,
ufed but in converfation.

Clear, cuiv.

1. Plainly; not obfcurely.

Now clear I unierttand
What oft my fteddleft thoughts have fcarih'd in
vain. Miliii).

2. Clean ; quite ; completely. A low
word. .,

He put hi* mouth to-Ker ear, and, under pre-
text of a whifpcr, bit it clear off. L'Eflmhgt',

Clear. «./ A term ufed by builders for.

the inftde of a houfe ; the fpace within

from wall to wall.
To Clear, 'v. a [from the adje^Hvc]
t '. To make bright, by removing opacous

bodies; to brighten.

Your

CLE

Your eyes, that (am f« ttiO,
Yet are but dim, (hall perfeftly be then
Open'd and clear' J. Miltcn's Paradift Lcfl.

Like Boreas in his racc.Vhen rufliing forth.
He fweeps the (kiet, and dean the cloudy North.

Dryden.
A favoury did^ a homely treat,
Where all is plain, where all is neat,
Clear up the cloudy foreheads of the great. DryJ.

2. To free from obfcurity, perplexity, or
ambiguity. ^

To clear up the feveral pjrts of this theory, I
was willing to by alide a great many other fpecu-
lacicjiw. Burnet's Tbecry,

When, in the knot of the pUy, no other way is
left for the difcovery, then let a god dcfcend,
and clear the bufinefs to the audience. DryJer.

By myftical terms, and ambiguous phrafes, he
darkens what he Aould clear up. Beyle.

Many knotty points there an,
■" Wbidi all difcufs, but few can clear. Priu-.

3. To purge from the impntation of gailt ;
■ to JEftify ; to vindicate ; to defend :

often with/rom before the thing.

Somerfet was much cleared by the death of thofe
who were executed, to make him appear faulty.

Sir John Hayivard.
To clear the Deity from the imputation of
tyranny, injuftice, and diflimulation, which none
4o throw upon God with more prefumption than
thofe who are the patrons of abfolute neceflity, is
both comely and cbridian. Bramhall againfi liMet.

To clear herfelf,
For fenifing him no aid, Ihe came from Egypt>

Dryden.

I will afpeal to the reader, and am Cure he will

tlear me jfrcm partiality. Dryden'i Fables.

How ! wouldft thou deer rebellion ? jiddijon.

Before you pray, clear your foul from all thofe

fins, which yau know to be difpleafing to God.

H^ake's Preparation for Death.

^. To cleanfe : with of, 01 from.

My hands are of your colour j but 1 fiiame
To wear a heart fo white :
A little water clears us of this deed. Shakeffeare.

{ . To remove any encumbrance, or em-
barrafTment.

A man digging in the grouad did meet with a

door, l^^ing a wall on each hand of it ; from

which having cleared tiie earth, be forced open the

4«or. iyUkins.

This one mighty fum has tlear'd the debt.

Drydtn.
A ftatue lies hid !n a block of marble; and the
in of the ftatuary only clears away the fuperfluous
■latter, and removes the rubbifti. Addijons Sfca.
Multitudes will furnifli a double proportion to-
wards the clearing of that expence.

Addifons Freeholder.

6. To free from any thing offenflve or
noxioiu.

To clear tbs palace from the foe, fuccecd
The wetiy Irving, and tcveng: the dead. Dryden.

It 0iould br the ficlll and art of the teacher to
clear their heads of all other thoughu, whilft they
are learning of any thing. Loch tn Educaticn.

Augullus, to ellablilh the dominion of the feas,
rigged out a powerful navy to clear it of the pirxci
of Malta. Artuthnot.

7. To clarify ; as, to clear liquors.
S. To gain without dedudion.

He clears but two hur.driad- thoufand crowns a
year, aft^r having defrayed ail the charges of work-
ing the fait. Addijon.

9. To confer judgment or knowledge.

Our common prints would clear up their under-
iiandings, and animate ihaW in'>nds with virtue.

Addijons Sfeilator.

10. T» Ct-EAR ex Jhip, at the Cuftom
Houfe, is to obtain the liberty of fail-
ing, or of felling a cargo, by fatisfying
the Cullonu.

Vol. I.

C l£

To CtiAR. f. n.

1 . To grow bright ; to recover tranfpa-
rency.

S.i foul a (ky clears not without a llorm. Sbakeff,

2. Sometimes with up.

The mift, that hung ^boat my mind, clears tip.

Addifon.

Take heart, nor of the laws of fate complain j

Tho' now 'tis cloudy, 'twill clear up again. Norris.

Advife him to itay till the weather clean up,

for you are afraid there will be rain.

Swift's Direffiors to the Groom.

3. To be difengaged from encOrabrances,
dilh-efs, or entanglements.

H« that clears at once, will relapie J for, finding
himfelf out of ftraits, he will revert to Wscuftoms ;
but he that clearetb by degrees, induceth a habit of
frugality, and gaineth as well upon his mind as
upon his eftate* Bacon's EJfays.

Cle'arance. ». /. [horn clear.'] A cer-
tificate that a Ihip has been cleared at
the Cuftom Houfe.

Cl e'a R E R. n.f. [from cUar.'\ Brightener ;
purifier ; enlightener.

Gold is a wonderful clearer of the undcrdand-
tng : it diflipates every doubt and fctuple in an
inftant. Add'ifon.

Cle'arly. eu^v. [from clear.']

1. Brightly; luminoufly.

Myllciies of grace and falvation, which were but
darkly djfclofed unto thcnl,' have unto tis more
clearly ihined. H^^oker.

2. Plainly ; evidently; without obfcurity
or ambiguity.

Chriftianity firft r/Mr^ proved this noble and
important truth to the world. Rogers.

J. With difcernment ; acutely ; without
embarraflment or perplexity of mind.

There is almoll no man but fees clearlier and
(harper the vices in a fpcaker than the virtues.

Ben Jorfcn.

4. Without entanglement or diftraftion of
affairs.

He that doth not divide, will never enter into
bufinefs ; and he that divideth too much, will never
come out of it clearly. Bacon's Effayi.

5. Without by-ends; without finiltcr
views ; honeftly.

When you arc examining thefe matters, do not
take into confidcratiun any fenfual or worldly
intereft ; bflt deal clearly and impartially wi^th
yourfelvc Tillotfon,

6. Without deduflion or cod.

7. Without refer ve ; without evafion.j-
without fubterfuge.

By a certain day they (hould clearly relinquilh
unto the king all their lands andpoflbliions.

Davits on Ireland.
Cle'arness. n.f. [from clear.']

1. Tranfparency ; brightnefs.

It may be, percolation doth not only caufe
elearnejs and fplendour, but fweetncfs of favour.

Bacon's Natural Hillary.

Glafs in the funiace grows to a greater magni-
tude, and refines to a greater elearnejs, only as the
breath within is more powerful, and the heat more
intenfe. . ' ' Bacon.

2. Splendour ; luHre. .

I^ove, more clear than yourfcif, with the f/rtfr-
nefs, lays a night of forrow upon ine. Sidmy.

3. Diftinftnefs ; perfpicuity.

If he chances to think right, he does not know-
how to convey his thoughts to anorhci with cJcarneJt
and perfpicuity. Addifon's i^pe^atir.

4. Sincerity; honefly ; plain dealing.

When the cafe required diilmiulation, if they
ufed it, the former opinion fpread abro;\d, of their
good faith and clearrefs of ikalingj made them
glmoft iovincibU. . Softm.

CLE

J, Freedom from imputation.

I require a clearnefs. Shakefpeare's Macbeth.

Clearsi'ohted. adj. \_clear unAJight.']
Ferfpicuous ; difcerning ; judicious, tm

Clearjigbted reafon wifdom's judgment le.ids ;
And fenfe, her valTal, in her footlteps treads.

Denbem*

To Cle'arstarch. v, a. [from clear and
Jlarch.'] To ftiffen with flarch.

He took his prefent lodging at the manfion-
houfe of a tiylor's widow, who waflies, ihd can
clearjiarcb his bauds. Addifo/t,

To CLEAVE, f . >i. pret. I clave, [cleo-
jran. Sax. kk'vetr, Dutch.]

1 . To adhere ; to flick ; to hold to.

The clarifying of liquors by adhefion, iS effefteJ
when fome cleaving body is mixed with the liquors^
whereby the gTOler part flicks to that clea-ving
body. ■ Bacon's Natural liifiiry.

Water, in fmall quantity, cleavctk to^ny thing
that is folld. Bacon's Natural Hijiory.

When the duft groweth into hardaefs, and tlic
clouds cleave faft together. Jtb*

The thin ciiamclcon, fed with air, receives
The colourof the thing to which he c/t«t«^ Dryd,

2. To unite aptly ; to fit.

New honours come upon him.
Like our ftrange garments, cleave not to their

mould.
But with the aid of ufe. Shakefpeare.

3. To unite in concord and intereft; to
adhere.

The apoftlcs did conform the Chriftians accord-
ing to the pattern of the Jews, and made them
cleave the better. . Hooker,

The men of Judah clave unto their king. San,

If you Ihall cleave to my confent, when 'tia.
It IKall make honour for you. Shakefptare,

The people would revolt, if they faw any of the
French nation to cleave unto.

Kr.olUs's Hifloty of the Turks.

4. To be concomitant to ; to oe united
with.

We cannot imagine, that, in breeding or be-
getting faith, his grace doth cleave to the onc^
and forfake the other. Hooker.

To CLEAVE. •J/, a. preter. I dove, I-
clave, I cleft ; part. paff. cloven, or cleft.
[cleopan. Sax. klo'ven, Dutch.]

1. To divide with violence; to fplit ; to
part forcibly into pieces.

And at their pafling cleave th' Aflyrian flood.

Miltofi

The foimtains of it are fald to have been cloven,

or bOTft open. Burnet's Theory tf the Earth,

■ The bleifed miniftcr his wings difjiiay'd.

And, like a (hooting ftar, he f/e/> the night. Dryd,

Rais'd on her dulky wipgs, (he cleaves the itcii*.

Drydeiti
Whom with fuch force he-ftrucJc, he fell'd him
down,
And cleft the circle of his golden crown. Drydin.

Or had the fun
Elcfled to the earth a nearer feat.
His beams had cirft the hill, the valley dy'J.

Blacki.trre,

Vlhxe whole brigades one champion's ai'ms o'er-

throw, ♦ "^

And cleave a giant at a random t'ow. Tlcki!,'.

Not half fo fwift tlic trembling doves can fly,
When the fierce r.ijlc cluf.is thr linuid (V;y. I'cpt,-

2. To divide"; to part naturally.

And every bca 11 that pirtcth tjie hoof, anJ
chavtth the cleft into two claws, Deutermomy.

To Cleave. 11, n.
I. To part afunder.

Wars 'twixt you twain, would be
As if the world (hould cleave, and that flain men
Should folder up the rift.

.'ihakejpeari' t Arlory and Cleipa-ret,
The jr»\ind clstife afundtu^ lliac wai under them.

Numhtt.

T t i(t

C L E

C LE

eL'h

He cut the eltaving Ikj, •
And !n i moment vaniA'd tVom her rye,

Pift'i OJjfef.
2, To fuffer dmfiotu

0t It eiigvts with, a glotTjr polite fnMVinoe, Bit
pLuie, bat with lomc little uncvenncA.

Nt-u'iim't Of licit.
t^Lt'AVfR. ti./, [horn cleave.]
I. A butcher's inlbumeut to cut animals
into joint£.

Yau gentlemen keep a pared of roaring bullies'
about me day and night, with hnzeaf and bunting
hornsj and ringing the changes on butchers eir.tvrri.

Tho' arm'd with all thy droK^er;, knives,
And a^et made to li:w down livi.'. Hujitidi.

s. A weed. Improperly written Clivlr.

Clees. ». /. The two parts ot" the foot of
beafts which are sloven-footed.' Sinner.
It is a country word, and probably cor-
rupted from cla-ius.

Ci-Eif. n. /. [from eltf, key, Fr.] la
jnufick, a mark at the beginning of the
lines of a fong, which ftiews the tooe
or key in which the piece is to begin.

Chambers .

Cleft, fiart. pajf, [from clta-ve.] Di-
vided ; parted afunder.

Fat with inccnfe ftrew'd
Oo the eleff wood. Alilimi'i PjraJjfi LeJI.

I never did on cleft Parnadus dtcim.
Nor taile the facrcd Heliconian (Iream. Dryden.
Cleft, n./. [from cUanie.']

1. A fpace made by the feparation of
parts ; a crack ; a crevice.

The cafcades feem to break through the ckfis
and cracks of rocks. Mdifcn'i Guardian.

The extremity of this cape has a long cleft in it,

which was enlarged and cut into fhapeby Agrippa,

who made this the great port for the Roman tUet.

Mdifn en frj!y.

The reft of it, being more grofs and ponderous,
does not move far ; but lodges in the ckfn, craggs,
and fides of the rocks, near the bottoms nf them.

Woid-.vard.

2. In farriery.

Clifit appear en the booght of the paflems, and

arc caufcd by a (harp and malignant humour,

which frets the (kin ; and it is accompanied witli

' pain, and a noifomc fteiich. Fjrricr'i DiSi.

His horfe it is the heralds weft;

No, 'tis a marc, and hath i cleft. Ben ytnfan.

T<> Cle'ftcraft. i^. a. [cle// zni gra/}.]

To engraft by cleaving the ftodt of a

tree, and inferting a branch.

Filberts may be tleftgrafitd on the common- nut.

.Msnimer.
Cle'mencv. ti./. [clemeuce, Fr. dementia,

Lat.]
I . Mercy ; remiffion of feverity ; wilHng-
ncfs to fpare ; tendernefs in punilhing.

I have dated the true notion of cUmency, mercy,
companion, good-nature, humanity, or whatever
sMe it may be called, fo far as is coofiftcnt with
wifdom. 444iJ<m.

3. Mildn«fs ; foftnefs.

Then in. the clemency of upward air
We'll fcour our fpocs, and the dire thunder fear.

CLE'MENT. aelj. [cUmem, Lat.] M?!*";
gentle ; merciful ; kind ; tender ; com-
panionate.

You arc more eletimet than tile men,
Who of their broken debtors take a thirJ,
Letting t)iem thrive again on the abatement.

Sbakeffeare.

Clench. SeeCmfCH.
Ti Clbp*. v. a. [dypian. Sax.] To
tall. Obfolete.

E'

Thitt crabbed months had fowi'd tbemfclres t»
death.
Ere I couM make thee open thy white hand.
And r\efe thjfclf my love. Simieffetrc.

CLE'RGY. n. f. [clerfe, Fr. elerut, Lat.
itXiifO!, Greek.] The body of men fet
apart by due ordination for the fervice
of God.

We hold that God'a tlergy are a flate which
hatii been, and will be as loflg as there is a churcli
upon eartli, ncceflary, by the plain word of God
himfelf ; a rtate wbcrcunto the reft of God's people
muft be fubjefi, as touching tMugs that appertain
to tlitir f.)ar« health. liool^r.

The convocation give a greater fum
Than ever, at one time, tlic clergy yet
Did to faispredcceflbrs part withal. Sb'titff.eare.

Cle'rcvm AN. »r. y; [f&^ and oifla.] A
man in hnly orders ; a man fet apart for
minillration of holy things ; not a laick.

H')\»" I have fped among l!ic clergymen,

The fnms 1 have collefled fliall e«prefs. Sbtiltff.

It feenii to be in the powrr of a reafonablc efer-

■KjM to make tl^ moft ignorant m^n comprehend

is duty. S-uiift,

Cle'rical. aJJ, [cUricui, Lat.] Relat-
ing to the clergy : u, a cltrical man,
a man in orders.

In clericali the key* ate lioed, and ia colleges
they ofe to line the tabfe-men.

Baccn'i UiKurtl Uificry.

Unlefs we may more properly read
clarichords.

CLERK, n. /. [clepic, Sax. cUrlcus, La-
tin.]

1. A clergyman.

All pcrl'ons were ftiled derks, that (crvti in the
church of Cbrift, whether they were bilhops, pricfts,
0|- deacons. Ayliffe.

2. A fcholar ; a man of letters.

They miglit talk of book-learning what they
would ; but, for his part, he never faw more im-
fcaty fellowi than great c/erki were. i'ifcey.

The greateft clerks being not always the Jioncfteft,
any more than the wifell, men. &utb,

3. A man employed under another aj a
writer.

My lord Baflanio gave his ring away
Unto the judge ; and then the boy, his clerk,
That took fome pains iu writing, he bcgg'd mine.

ahakeffiiare.

My friend was in doubt whether he could not
exert the jufticc upon fuch a vagrant ; but not
having his clerk with him, wlio is a neceflUry
counfellor, he let the thought drop. yiddifn.

4; A petty writer in publick offices ; an
officer of various kinds.

Take a juft view, how many may remark
Who 's now a lord, his grandfire was a clerk,

Granville,
It may feem difficult to make out the hills of
fare (01 the fupperi of Vltcllius. I queftion not
but an expert cUrk of a kitchen can do it.

/trhuthmi.
,5. The layman who reads the refponfcs
to the congregation in the church', to
direft the reft.
Cle'rkship. »./ [from rArri.]

1. Scholarlhip.

2. The office of a clerk of any kind.

He fold the clerkjhip of his parifti, when it be-
came vacant. H'J/ifl'' Mifcillaniei.

Cleve.I In compofitlon, at the begin-

Clif. > ning or end of the proper

Clive. J name of a place, denotes it

to be fitoated on the fide of a rock or

hill ; as, Cleveland, Clifton, Stanclijf,

CLE'VER, adj. [of no cer»in etymo-
logy.

t. Dexterous.; fkilfttL

It waa the cleverer mockery of the two.

L'Ff range,

I read Dyer's letter more for the ftile than the

news. The man has a clever pen, it muft be owned,

jiddifm'i FrcehMcTm

2, Juft ; fit ; proper ; commodious.

1 can't but think 'twould found mote clever.
To me, and to my heirs for ever. P'fe^

3. Well-lhaped; handfome.

She called him guiidy-guts, and he called her
loufy Peg, though the girl was a tight eltv.r wenLh
as any was. Ariuiknot.

4.. This is a low word, fcarcely ever ufed
but in burlefque or converfation ; and
applied to any thing a man likes, with-
out a fettled meaning.

Cle'verly. adv. [from elever.l Dtx-
teroufly ; fitly ; handfomely.

Thcfc would inveigle rats with th' fcent.
And fometimes catch them with a fnap.
As cleverly as th' ableft trap. UvdHrdl,

A rogue upon the hlghwav may have as lirasg an
arm, and take off a man's head as cleverly, as the
executioner. Smth,

Cle'verness. ». y! [from fZfffr.] Dex-
terity ; (kill ; accomplifhment.
CLEW. n./. [cly-pe. Sax. klou-wen, Dutch.]

1 . Thread wound upon a bottom ; a ball of
thread.

Eftfoons unCwifting his deceitful clevi,
He 'gan to weave a web of wicked guile. Spenjir.

While, guided by fome r/nti of heav'nly thread.
The perplex'd labyrinth we backward tread.

Rifcmumn,

They fee fmall r/fwi draw vafteft weights along.
Not in their bulk, but in their order, ftrong. Dryd,

2. A guide ; a direftlon : becaufe men di-
redl themfelves by a dew of thread in a
labyrinth.

This alphabet muft be yout own cleti) to guide
you. Holder.

Is there no way, no thought, no beam of light I
No eirttf to guide me thro' this gloomy maze.
To cle.ir my honour, yet prefcrvo my faith ? Smith,

The reader knows not how to tranfpurt hii
thoughts over to the next particular, f«f want of
fome eirvi, or connecting idea, to lay hold of.

ff'atts'i togict.

3. Clew tfth* fail »f afl/ip, is the lower
corner of it, which reaches down to that
earing where the tackles and Iheets are
faftened. Harris,

Tb Clew. f. «. [from clciu, a fea term.]
To clew the fails, is to raife them, in or-
der to be furled ; which is done by a
rope faftened to the clew of a fail, called
the clew-garnet. Harris.

To CLICK, -v. n. [cliken, Dutch ; cliquetir,
French ; or perhaps the diminutive of
clack.'] To make a fharp, fmall, fuccef-
(ive noife. ■
The folemn death-watch elick'd, the hour Ae
died ;
And drilling ericken in the chimney cried. Cay,

Cli'cicer. tt.f. [from did.] A low word
for tlie fervant of a falefman, who ftands
at the door to invite cuftomers.

Cli'cket. n.f. [from click.] The knock-
er of a door. Skinner,

CLI'ENT. n.f [clitni, Latin.]

I. One who applies to an advocate for
counfel and defence.

There is due from, the judge to the advocate
fome commendation, where caufes arc well hand-
led ; for that upholds in ti» (liul the reputation
of Jus coijnfel. Seien'i Sjjjyi.

Advgcacct

C L I

AJTOMtei muft deal plainly with theJr Aetils,
aed tell the true ftzte of their cafe.

Tayhr'i Ruie ofL'mh^ Holy.

t. It may be perhaps fometimes ufed for a
dependant in a more general fenfe, as
it was ufed ar ing the Romans.

I do think they are your friends and clitnti,
And fearful to difturb you. Bin yinjon.

Cli'ektid. particip. adj. [from fAV/j/.]
Supplied with clients.

This due occafion of difcouragemcnt] the word
conditioned «nd lead clitnrtJ petivoguers do yet,
under the fwcet bait of revenge, convert to a more
plentiful profecution of aflions.

Cti>«t'*i Survey of CcrtnoalK

Cliektb'lB. n.f, [clienula, Lat.] The
condition or office of a client. A word
fcarcely ufed.

There 's Varui holdf go«d quarter) with him ;
And, nnder the pretext of r/ioir«/r.
Will be admitted. Senjonfun.

Cli'entship. n. /. [from clJtnt.] The
coadition of a client.

Patronage and clitntjhip among the Renuas al-
ways defcended : the plebeian houfes had recourfe
to the patrician line which bad formerly protected
them. Drydtr,

Cliff, n.f. \cUvus, Lat. clip, cliop» Sax.]

1. A ileep rock ; a rock, according to

Skinner, broken and craggy, [rapes. '\

The Leucidians did ufe to precipitate a man
from a high cliff inr.o the fea. Bacon's Nat, Hijt.

Mountaineers, that from Sererus came, •
At>d from the craggy clifft o{ Tetrica. DrjJcn.

Wherever *tis (o found fcattered upon the
ihores, there ii it as cooftandy found lodj^ed in the
eliffs thereabouts. U^octkvarJ.

». The name of a charafter in mafick.

Properly Clef.
Clift. «./. The fame with Cliff. Now

difufed.

Down he tumbled, like an aged tree,
High growing on the top of rocky clifi. Sfenfer.

CLIMA'CTER. »./ [K\,^.axTi,^.] A cer-
tain fpace of time, or progreflion of
years, which is fuppofed to end in a
critical and dangerous time.

Elder times, fettling their conceits upon c!imac.

ters, differ from one another. Brvwn's Vulg. Err.
Climacte'rick. \adj. [from dimac-
Climacte'rical. \ «r.] Contaiainga

certain number of years, at the enr of

which fome great change is fuppofed to

befal the body.

Certain obfrrvable years are fappofcd to be at-
tended with fome confiderable change in the body ;
as the feveoth year ; the twenty-firft, m»de up of
three times feven ; the forty-ninth, made up of
fevcn times ftven ; the fixty- third, being nine
times feven ; and the eighty-firft, \Ahich is nine
times nine : which two lift are called the grand
ctimcSlcrickt.

The numbers feven acd ainc, multiplied into
themfclvc!, do mjke up fixty-tlirw, commonly
efteemcd the great slimailerical a{ out lives.

Broiunt Vulfrar Errours.

Your lord/hip being now arrived at your great
(rmaUtrijur, yet give no proof of the Icaft decay
vf yoar excellent judgment and ■coroprehenftfin.

Drylrn.

My mother is fometliing better, though, at her
advanced age, every day Ii a cumaairick. Pipe.

CLI'MATE. ». /. [,>i^«.]

I. A fpace upon the furfacc of the earth,
Bjeafured from the equator to the polar

■• circles ; io each of which fpaces the
longeft day is half an hour longer than
in that nearer to the ct^uator. from the

C L T

polar circles to the poles, climates are
meafured by the increafe of a month.
2. In the common and popular fenfe, a re-
gion, or tradl of land, differing from
another by the temperature of the air.

Betwixt th' extrcmrs, two happier c/imatii hold
The temper that partakes of hot and cold. DryJ.

On what new happy climate are we thrown ?

DryJen.

This talent of moving the paJTiont cannot be of
any great ufc in the northern climatn. Sivifr.

To Cli'mate. i;. ». To inhabit. A word
only in Shakejpeare.

The bleflcd gods
Purge all Infeflion from our alx, wliilft you
Do climatt here. Sbaidteari.

Cli'mature. *:/. The fame with Cli-
mate. Not in ufe.

Such harbingers preceding fliil the fates.
Have heav'n and c»rth together dcmonfti ated
Unto our climaturit and countrymen. Shakefpcart.

Cli'max. »./. [)■.^i,aaJ.] Gradation ; af-
cent : a figure in rhetorick, by which
the fentence rifes gradually; as Cicero
fays to Catiline, Thou do'ft nothing,
moveft nothing, thinkeft nothing ; but
I hear it, I fee it, and perfedlly under-
fland it.

Choice between one excellency and another is
diflicultj and yet the condufion, by a due ciimtx,
is evermore the bell. Dryd, Juv, DitHcathtt.

Some radiant Richmond every age has grac'd.
Still rlfing in a climax, till the laft,
SurpalTing all, is not to be furpaft. Granvil/e.

To CLIMB. 'V. n. pret. clomb or climbtJ;
part, clomb or climbed. It is pronounced
like clime, [chman. Sax. klinunen, Dut.]
To afcend up any place ; to mount by
means of fome hold or footing. It im-
plies labour and difficulty, and fucceffive
efforts.

V«u tempt the fury of my three attendants,
l<»i famine, quartcri!'^ fteel, and climhing fire.

Si'ttkejpeare.

When (hall I come to the top of th.it fame hi 11 >—

^You do climh up it now. Look, liow «-e labour.

^hakijpcatc.

Jonathan ctmicd up upon bis hands and upon

f" feet. , Sam.

As a thief
Into the windiw cUmhs, or o'er the tiles.
So cicmk the firft grand thief into God's fold.

Milton.
Thou fun ! of this great world both eye and foul.
Acknowledge him thj greater ; found bis praife
In thy eternal cnurfc, both when thou dimh'fl.
And when high noon haft gain'd, and when thou
fair ft._ MiUm'i Paradijc LoJI.

No rebel Titan's facrlleglouc crime.
By leaping hills on hills, can thither clirnl),

Rcjcommon.
Black vapours climi aloft, aijd cloud the djy.

Vrjdcn.
> What controulingcaufe

Makes waters, in contempt «f nature's laws,
C/imi up, and gain th' al'i'mng mouatain's height ?

B!actm<irt.

7tf Climb. <«. a. To afcend ; to moujit.

Is't not enough to break into my garden,
CUmlUg my walls, in fpite of me the wwner ?

Sbakrfptare.
Thy arms purfue
Paths of renown, and climb afccnts of fame. Prior.

Forlorn he mull and'pcifjcutcd fly j
Climb the ftccp mountain, in the c.ivcrn lie. Prior.
Cli'mber. n.f. [i'vom ilimh .]
I. One that mounts or fcales any place
or thinv ; a mounter ; a rifer.

I wait not at the lawyer's gate^i,
Nc flwuldct slimberi duwn the fia'irs.

Carevi's Survij.

C L 1

Lowlincfs is young ambition's ladder,
Whereto ihtcUmhcr upward turns his face. Shak,

2. A plant that creeps upon other fupports.

Ivy, briony, honey-fuckles, and other dimbcri,
muft be dug up. Mortimer.

3. The name of a particular herb.

The feeds are gathered into a little 1 » id, ending

in a kind of rough plume ; whence it is called by

the country people eld man's beard. Millar.

ToCli'.mber. 11. a. [iromclamber.l To

mount with effort ; to climb.

In fcaling the youngcft to pluck, bff his becke,
Beware how ye climber for breaking your neck.

Clime, n./. {contrafted from clitna/e, and
therefore properly poetical.] Climate ; ,
region ; traft of earth.

He can fprcad thy name o'er land and feas.
Whatever clime the fun's bright circle warms.

Milton.

Theyapply the celeftial defcrlptlonof other climes

unto their own. Brinvn's J'ulgar Errours.

Of beauty fing, her iliining progrefs view.
From clime to clime the daiiling light purfue.

Cranvil/e.

We (hall meet <

In happier dimes, and on a fafer (hore. Add'ifon.

Health to vigorous bodies, or frnitfbl feafon^ in

^ temperate cl'ima, ate cnmunon and familiar bkf-

_''"SS' Atlerbury.

To CLINCH, a-, a. [clymja,. Sax. t«
knock, Junius; dingo, in Feftus, to en-
compafs, Minjheiu.'\

1. To hold in the hand with the fingers
bent over it.

SImois rowls th« bodies and the Ihiclds
Of heroes, whofe difmember'd hands yet bear
The dart aloft, and clinch the pointed 4>=ar.

Drydet.

2. To contraft or double the £ngers.

Their talleft trees are about feven feet high, the
tops' whereof I could but juft reach with my fill
clinched. S-wifl.

3. To bend the point of a nail in the other
fide.

4. To confirm ; to fix : as, to clinch aa

argument.
Clisch. n./. [from tTie verb.]

1. A word ufed in a double meaning ; a
pun ; an ambiguity; a duplicity of
me.aning, with an identity of expreffion.
How it obtains this meaitjng is difiicult
to find. A nail caught on the other fide,
and doubled, is a nail clinched : a word
taken in a different meaning, and doubled
in '.'^s, is likewife a clinch.

Such as tlrey arc, I hope they will prove, with-
out a clinch, luciferous ; fearching after the nature
of "ght. fioyle.

Pure clinches the fuburbian mufe aft'ords.
And Panton waging harmlefs war with words.

Vrphn.
Here one poor word a hundred clinches rtakes.

Pope.

2. That part of the cable which is failened
to the ring of the anchor.

Cli'kcher. «./. {iravci clinch. "^ Acramp^
a holdfall ; a piece of iron bent down
to fallen planks.

The wimblci for the work Calypfo found ;
With thrfc he pierc'd 'era, and with dimhtrt
bound. p!,fi.

To CLING. <v. V. pret. / clur.g ; p.irt. /

hai'c dung, \klynger, Danilh.]
I. To hang upon by twining round; to

ftick to ; to Jiold fall upon.

TIk- broil long doubtful flood j
As two IJ)cnt fwimmers th.i; da Uing together.

And choak th'i; art. $l<a\, i^eare.

T t 1 ' Thr

C L I

Tlie rannnel in h'u ntclc wai defcritd by the
tliiritg of his htir to the plifter. lyifcman'i Surg.

wlitn they united and togetlier eluiig
When undiltinguiflj'd in one heip tliey hong.

B'.tcinnrt,
S<e in the circle next Eliia jilac'd,
Two habes o( lOve dofe clinfrit.g to her waill. Pofc.
T!»it they may the clolcr cim^,
Take your blue tibhun for a ftring. Sw:fl-

3. To adhere, as followers or friends.

Mo'l popular conful he is grown, methinks :
How the rout e/ing to him I Sen jcnfin^t Catiline.

3. To dry ap ; to confume ; to walle ; to
pine away. [Declunjenrpeop, a wither-
ed tree.]

If thou ft>eak'll falfe,
Upon tlie next tree flialt thou hang aiire,
'Fill famine d'mg thee. Sbahlfearc'i Mjctutl.

Cli'ngy. atij. [from cZ/Vj.] Apt to eling;

adhellve.
Cli'nical. 7 aJj. [xX!>u, to lie down.]
Cli'nick. 5 Thofe that keep their beds ;
thofe that are fick, pad hopes of reco-
very. A clinical leilure is a difcourfe
Upon a difeafe, m^e by the bed of the
patient. "

A clinical ceti'vert, one that is con-

•^ verted on his death-bed. This word

occurs often in the works of Taylor,

To CLINK, f. a. [perhaps fofteued from

clank, or corrupted from click.'] To

- ilrike fo as to make a fmall (harp noife.

Five years ! a long Icafe for the dhk'wg of pew-
ter. Shaktfpeare*

8"(» Ct-iNK. i;. ». To Utter a fmall, fliarp,
interrupted noife.

The fever'd ban
Submiflive cl'mk againft your braaea portals. Prkr.

Underneath th' umbrella's oily ffied.
Safe thro' the wet on claiking pattens tread.

Cay's Trivia,

Clink. »./. [from the verb.]

1. A (harp fucceffive noife; a knocking.

I heard the c/int and fall of fwords. Shakijfeare.

2, It feems in Spen/er to have fome unu-
fual feofe. I believe the knocker of a
door.

Tho' creeping clofe, behind the wicket's cUnh,
Privily he peeped out thro' a chink. Sf infer.

CLI'N^ANr,adj, [French.] DrelTed in
embroidery, in- fpangles,. falfe glitter,
tinfel finery.

To-day the French,
All eliafuatit, all in gold, like heathen gods,
Shone down the Englini. Sbakefpeare,

To CLIP. -v. a. [clippan,. Sax.]
1. To embrace, by throwing the arms
round ; to hug ; to enfold in tlie arms.
He that before fliunn'd her, to (hun fuch harms,
Now runa and takes her in hit dipfing arms.

t) Sidney.

Here I e/ifi
The anvil of my fword, and do conteit
Hotly and nobly with l-hy love. Stakeffeare,

O nation, that thou couldll remove
That Neptune'a arms, who dlfpeti thee about.

Sbakefpeare,
Enter the city j clip yoar wiveS}. your friends ;
Tell them your jeata. Sbakifpeare,

Thejadea
That drag the tragick melaneholy night,
Whj with their drov/fy, flow, and flagging wi.x;»,
Clip dead m^n's graves. Sbakefpeare.

The male relicth on the back of the female,
diffmg and embracing her with his legs about the
Bcck and body. Jtjy,

a. To eut with (beers, [klipper, Danifh ;
kt't/)en, Dutch ; apparently from the

C L 0

fame radical fenfe, fince flieCrs cnt by
inclofing and embracing..]

Your Accis come too late to clip the bird's
wirgs, that already is flown away. Siivey,

Then let him, thut my love /hall blame,
Or dip love's «ing5, or quench love's flame.

Suekrir.g.
He cEjit hope's wingf, whofc airy blifs
Much higher than fruition is. Denham.

But If-ve S.iidipp'a his wings, and cut him fljott,
Confin'd within the purlieus of his court.

DryJeit't FaUct,
If mankind had had wings, as perhaps fome ex-
trnvagjut atheifls may lliink us delicieiit in that,
all the world niuft have confented Co dip them.

Bentlcy,
By this l«k, this fjcred lock, I fwear,
■Which never mote fli«l;join its parted hair,
C'.ipp'd from the lowly head where late it grew.

Pope.

He fpent every day ten hours doting, clpfing

papers, or darning his ftockings. Swift,

3. Sometimes with off.

We (hould then haie as much feeling upon the
dipping sfft hair, ai the cutting of a nerve.

Benr/iy'} Sermons.

4. It is particularly ufed of thofe who di-
ininifh coin, by paring the edges.

This defignof newtoinage, isjull of the nature
of capping. Lickt.

5. To curtail ; to cut fliort.

All my reports go with the niodeft truth ;
Nor more, nor dipt, but fo. Shaiefpeare.

Mrs. Mayorefs dipped the king's Englirti. 'jiMif.

Even in London, they dip their words after one
manner about the court, aaothpr in the city, and
a third in the fuburbs. S-wift,

6. To confine; to hold ; to contain.

Where is he living, dipt in with the fca.
Who calls me pupil ? Sbakefpeare.

Tff Clip, f . ». A phrafe in falconry.

Some falcon (loops at what her eye iefign'd.
And with her eagernefs the quarry mifs'd.
Straight flies at check, and dips it down the wind.

Dryden,

Cli'pper. n./. [from clip.] One that de-
bafes coin by cutting.

It is no Englifli treafon to cat
French crowns, and t3-morrow the king
Himfelf will be a dipper. Sbakefpeare,

No coins pleafed (bm« medallifts more than
thofe which had palTed through the hands of an
old Roman dipper, /Iddifon.

C l I'p p I N c. n, /. [from clip,'] The p^rt
cut or clipped off.

Beings purely material, without fenft or thought,
as the dippings o{ oat beards, and parings of our
naiis. L.cke.

Cu'vER.ff. / An herb. More properly
written clea'ver.

It grows wild, the feeds flicking to the clothes of
fuch as paft by them. It is fometimes ufed in
medicine. Miller,

CLOAK. »./ [lach, Saxon.]

1. The outer garment, with which the reft
are covered.

You may bear It
Under a chke that is of any length. Sbakefpeare,

Their dnies were cloth of iilver, mix'd with
Bo'"*" Dryden.

All arguments will be as little able to prevail,
as the wind did with the traveller to part with his
chak, which he held only the faftrr. Locke,

Nimbly he rofe, and caft his garment downj
That inftant in his cloak I wrapt me round.

Pope's Odyjey,

2. A concealment ; a cover.

Not ufing your liberty for a dxik of maliciouf-
n'f"- Peter.

To Cloak, v, a, [from thenpua.]
I. To cover wkh a cloak.

C LO

1. To hide ; to conceal.

Moft heavenly 'lir, in deed and view,
She by creation was, till flie did fall ;
Thenceforth Ihe fought for helps to 'thai hat
crimes withal. Sftrfer,

Clo'a k b a c . «. / [from cloak and hag. J A
portmanteau ; a bag in which clothe*
are carried.

Why doft thou converfe writh that trunk of
humours, that fluffed doaklag of guts } Sbakffp,

1 have already fit
('Tis in my doakhag) doublet, hat, hofe, all
That anfwcr to them. Sbakifpeare,

CLOCK. »./, [clocc, Welfh, from cUcl>, a

bell, Wellh and Armorickj cloche, Fr.]

J. The inllrument which, by a feries of

mechanical movements, tells the hour

by a ftroke upon a bell.

If a man be in ficknefs or pa'm, the time will

feem longer without a dock or hour-glafs than

with it. Sacm.

The pifture of Jerome ufually defcribed at hia

ftudy, is with a dock hanging by.

Brovins P^ulgar Erronrs^
I told the docks, and watch'd the wafting light.

Dryden,

2. It IS an nfual expreflion to fay. What it.
it of the clock, for What hour is it? Or
ten o'clock, for the tenth hour, ■

ffbat is 't o'clock f
— — Upon the ftroke of four. Sbakefpeare,

Macicaus fet forward about /«, oV»c* in the
oiglit- Kncnes.

About nine of the dock at lught the king marched
out of the North-port. Clarendon.

3. The clock of a flocking ; the flowers or
inverted work about the ankle.

His (bockings with filver docks were raviflied
ftomhim^ Stoj/t*

4. An infeft ; a fort of beetle. DiO.
Clo'ckmaker. ». /., [clock and «a/rr.}

An artificer whofe profeffion is to make

clocks.

This inequality. has been diligently obferved by
feveral<if our ingenious ihckmfikiri, and equation]
been made and ufed by them. Dtriiam.

Clo'ckwork. n,f. [^frorn clack and ivcrk.}
Movements by weights or fprings, like
thofe of a. clock.

So if unprejudic'd you fcan
The goings of this dockioork, man ;
You find a hundred movements made
By fine devices in his head :
. But 'tis the ftomach's folid ftroke.

That tells this being what's o'clock. Pricrt

Within this hollow was Vulcan's fliop, full of

fire and clockwork, ..Iddifoit,

You look like a puppet moved by clocktuork.

„, ^^ . .liriufbncf,

CLOD. n,f [club. Sax, a little hillock j
klotte, Dutch.]

1. A lump of earth or clay ; fuch a body
of earth as cleaves or hangs together.

The earth that cafteth up from the plough »
great clod, is not fo good as that which cafteth up
a fmaller dod. Ban*.

I'll cut up, as plows
Do barren lands, and ftrike together flints
And clods, th' ungratefiil fenate and th» people.

Ben Jonpm,
Who fmooths with harrows, or who pound*
with rakes,
The crumbling dodi, Drydttt

2. A turf; the ground,

Byiantians boaft, that on the dod.
Where once their fultan's horfe has trod.
Grows neither grafs, nor flirub, nor tree. Smift,

3. Any thing concreted together in a
duJler.

Fifliermcn who make holes in the ice to dip up
Uk with their nets, light on fvyaUoirs congealed

C LO

In Ml of a flimy fubftance ; and cirrymg them
home to their ftoves, the warmth reftoreth them
to life and flight. Carnti,

4.. A lump, a mafs of metal.

One at the forge
Labouring, two ma0v c/sdi of iron and brafa-
Had melted, . Milton.

5. Any thing vile, bafe, and earthy ; as
the body of man, compared to his foul.

And ye high heavens, the temple of the gods.
In which a thoufand torches, Haming bright.
Do burn, that to us, wretched earthly cUds,
In dreadful darknefs lend delired light. Spenjer.

The ^irit of man,
Which God infpir'd, cannot tngethef perifh
"With shis corporeal chd. Milicns Peradift Lnft.

How the purer fpirit is united to this clu!, li a
knot too hard for our degraded intelle£is to untie.

GlanvilU.

In moral refledions there muft be heat, as well
as dry reafon, to infpiic this cold clod of clay which
we carry about with us. Burnetii theory.

6. A dull, grofs, ilupid fellow; a dolt.

The vulgar ! a fcarce animated cbd.
Ne'er pleasM with aught above 'cm. Dryden.

To Clod. 1;. n. [from the noun.] To ga-
ther into concretions ; to coagulate :
for this we fometimes ufe clot.

Let us go find the body, and from the ftrcam,
With laverr pure, and cieanBn^ herbs, wafli off
The clcdded gore. Miltcn.

Te Clod. i». a. [from the noun.] To pelt

with clods.
Clo'ddy. aJJ. [from rW.}

1. Confifting of earth or clods ; eartfty ;
muddy ; miry ; mean ; grofs ; bafe.

The glorious fun,
Turning with fplendour of his precious eye
The meagre clcddy earth to glittering gold, Stak.

2. Full of clods unbroken.

Thefc lands they fow always under furrow
about Michaelmas, and leave it as chddy as they
ca». Mcrunieri liujhandry.

Clo'dpate. »./. [clod znd pate.'] A ilupid

fellow J a dolt ; a thickflcull.
Clo'dpate D. adj. [from cUdj,ate.] S'.u-

pid ; dull ; doltifh ; thoughtlefs.

My clodpadd lelations fpoiled the greatell genlu.
in die world, when they bred me a mechaniclc.

jirbutbnct.

Clo'dpoll. n. /. [from clod and poll.]
A thickfkull ; a dolt ; a blockhead.

This letter bemg fo excellently ignorant, he
will find that it comes from a clUftlU Siakeff.

S'o CLOG, f . a. [It is imagined by
Skinner to come from, log ; by Cafaubon
derived from xXo'i®-, a dog's collar, be--
ing thought to be firft hung upon fierce
dogs.]

■J. To load with fomething that may hin-
der motion ; to encumber with (hackles ;
to impede, by fattening to the neck or
leg a heavy piece of wood or iron.

If you find fo much blood in his liver as will
tUg the foot of a flea, I'll eat the reft of the
anatomy. Shakcfpeare.

Let a marfVean himfelf from thefe worldly im-
pediments, that here chg his foul's flight.

^igity on the Soul.

The wings of birds were clog^d with ice and

fnow. Dryden,

Flelhly lulls do dtbafe men's minds, and ihg

their fpirits, make them grofs and foul, liftlels

and nnaaive. Ttlhtjor..

Gums and pomatums (hail his flight rcftrain,
Vfhile chgg'd he beau his filken vnjngs in vain.

Pope.

2. To hinder; to obftruft.

The gutter'd rocks and congregated fand?.
Traitors uQcefi'd to (log the juJltJefs keel. Siak

y

C L O

His tnajefty's lliips were over-peftered and dcgged
with great ordnance, whereof there is fuporfiuity.

Rak'igh.

3. To load ; to burthen ; to embarrafs.

Since thou haft far to go, bear not along
The ckgging burthen of a guilty foul, Shakefp.

You 'II rue the time
That chgi me with this anfwer. Shakeffeare.

They lanc'd a vein, and watch'd returning
breatli j
It came, but clogg'dvi'itYi fynnptoms of his death.

Drydf}!.
All the commodities are clogged vi'trk impofitions.

ylddifin.

4. In the following paflage it is impro-
per, for its meaning always includes
hindrance.

Clocks and jacks, though the fcrews and teeth
of the wheels and nuts be never fo fmooth, yet,
if they be not nilod, will hardly move ; though you
clog them with never fo much weight.

Ray OS the Creation.

To Clog. t.-. ».

1 . To coalefce ; to adhere. In this fenfe,
perhaps, only corruptly ufed for clod or
clot.

Move it fometimes with a broom, that the feeds
(log not together, Evelyn.

2. To be encumbered or impeded by fome
extrinfkk matter.

In wnrkinj through the bone, the teeth of the
faw will begin to clog. Sharp's Surgery.

Clog, n. f. [from the verb.]

1 , A load ; a weight ; any encumbrance
hung upon any animal or thing to hin-
der motion.

I 'm glad at foul I have no other child ;
For tliy cfcape would teach me tyranny.
To hang ckgi on them. Shakefpeare.

1 dit^but prompt the age to quit their clogs.
By the known rules of ancient liberty.

Milton's Paradif- Regained.
As a dog, committed clufe
For fome oflfitnce, by chance breaks loofe.
And quits his clog', but all in v^in.
He ftil'S draws aftt^r him his chain. Huditras.

2. An encumbrance ; a hindrance ; an ob-
Ilrqdlion ; an impediment.

Wearitief. of the fiefli is an heavy clog to the
will. Hooker.

They "re our clogs, not their owp ; if a man be
Chain'd to a galley, yet the galley 's fi'ec. Donne.

Their prince made no othe/" ftep than rejeOing
the pojie'i fupremacy, as a clog upon his own power
and paHions, S-wift.

Slavery is, of all things, the greatcft clog and
obftacle to fpeculation, Smifl.

3. A kind of additional ihoe, worn by
women to keep them from wet,

4, A wooden Ihoe.

J n France the peafantry goes barefoot; and the
middle fort, throughout all that kingdom, makes
ufe of wooden clogs, Harvey on Confumptions.

Clo'gginess. ft./, [from cloggy.] The

(late of being clogged.
Clo'goy. adj, [from clog.] That which

has the power of clogging up.

By additaments of fome fuch naturtr, fomegroiTer
and cloggy parts are retained ; or elfe much fubti-
lizcd, and otherwife altered.

Boyle's Hi/iory of Firmnefs.

CLO'ISTER. n,/. [cla', Wel(h ; claup-
wp, Saxon ; defter. Germ, kloofter,
Dut. claitftro, Ital. cloiftre. Ft, clau-
ftrum, Latin.]

I. A religious retirement; a monailery ;
a nunnery.

Nui in a ferret clcifirr doth he keep
Tbcfc vir^io fpirits uMil their inuri>ge-day.

Bavin.

C L O

Some folitary clcifier will 1 choofc,
And there with holy virgins live immur'd. Dryd,

How could he have the leifure and retirednefs
of the chijicr, to perform tiwfe a£ts of devotion ?

Atterbury,

2. A periftyle ; a piazza.

To Clo'ister. II. a. [from the noun.]
To (hut up in a religious houfe ; to con-
(ine ; to immure ; tjj (hut up from the^
world,

Cloijier thee in fome religious houfe. Shakefpeare-,

They have by commandment, though in form
of courtefy, ckificrcd us within thefii walls for three
days, BccoK.

It was of the king''s firft afls to cloiflcr the queen
dowager in the nunnery of Bermondfey. Bacon,

Nature affords plenty of beauties, tjiat no maii
need complain if thj deformed are chifler;d up,

Rym r's Tragedies^:

Cho'isTERAL. adj. [from cloifter.] Soli^
tary ; retired ; religioufly reclufe.
Upon this ground many cloijieral men, of great

• learning and devotion, prefer contemplation before
aftion, Walt n's Angler.

Clo'ister£D, participial adj. [fromf^;-
fter.]

1. Solitary ; inhabiting cloifters.

Ere the bat hath flown.
His ckifier'd .light, there fliall be done
A deed of dreadful note. Shakefpeare' s Macbeth.

2. Built with periHyles or piazzas.

The Greeks and Romans had commonly two
cloijiered open courts, one ferving for the women's
fide, and the other for thffcien. Woiton's ArchiteS.
Clo'istress. n.f. [from cloifter.] A nun ;.
a lady who has vowed religious retire-
ment.

Like a cloiflreji flie will veiled walk,
And water once a day her chamber round
With eye-offending brine. Shakefpeare.

Cloke. ». /. See Cloait,
Clomb. [pret. of To c/imi.] ■

A/k to what end they clomi that tedious height..

Spenfer,

'To Cloom, 'v.a. [corrupted from cleam,.
claemian. Sax. which is ftill ufed in fome.-
provinces.] To clofe or (hut with gluti-
nous or vifcous matter.

Rear the hive enough to let them in, .ind doom.
up the (kirts, all but the door. Morlim. Hnfbandry^

To CLOSE, -v. a. [clo/a, Armorick ; ilujsi.
Dutch ; clos, Fr. clau/us, Lzt,]'.

1. To (hut; to lay together.

Sleep inftantly fell on me, calJ'd
By nature as in aid, and clos'd mine eyes.

Milton's Paredife Loji,

When the fad wife has f/os'i/ her hulband's eyes;.
Lies the pale corps, not yet entirely dead .> Prior.

I foon fliall vifit Heftor, and the fliades
Of my great anceftors. Cephifa, thau
Wilt lend a hand to clofe tliy midrcfs' eyes, Philipt,

2. To conclude; to end; to finilh.

One frugal fupper did our lludies chfc. Dryden, .

I clofe this with my earncft defires that you will'
ferioufly confider your eftate,

Wake's Preparation fir Death,.

Edward and Henry, now the boift of fame;
And virtuous Alfred, a more facred name;
After a life of generous toils endur'd,
Clos'd their long gl iries with a figh, to find
Th' unwilling gratitude of bafe mankind.

Pope'.' Horace,

3. To inclof©;, to confine; to repofue.

Every one
Ac»ording to the gift which bounteoua nature
Hath in him clos'd. » Skaicffca't,

4. To join ; to unite fraftares ; to conlTO'*
lidate fifllircs.

The armourcre accomplifliing the knighti,
Witk tufy lj«Kim«s chftng rivets «p. Uhakejpeare, .

TJy«i

' C L O

C L O

C L O

There being no wtntet yet to chfit up »nd unite
iti pant, and reftore die earth to iu former com-
|>a£tnef>. Burnet.

Ai fooa as any pablic rupture happens, it U im-

IDCiliaRly clafid up by moderation and good orBccs.

MJifia on Italy.

AU the trace* drawn there arc iinnicdialcly clofid
up, as chough you wrote them with your finger on
the furt'ace of a river. tP'iitu en lit MM.

Tt Close. <t;. n.

1. To coalefce ; to join its "own parts to-

• gether.

They, and all that appertained to tbemi went
down olive into the pit, and the earth ei'M upon
them. Nuv^itri, xvi. 33.

In plants, you may try tlie force of imagination
upon the lighicr rootioui, as upon their elo/tng and
•prniiig. haion,

2. To Close uptn. To agree upon ; to
join in.

The jealoufy of fuch a defign in us would
induce France and Holland to fkfe upan fomc
meafuret bctvvccn them to our difadvantagi^

'TemfJt.

3. Ttf Close iciili. J To come to an
To Close /« ivitl;. J agieeme<»t with ;
to comply with ; to unite with.

Intire eowjrdice makes thee wrong this vir-
tuous gehtlewoman, to chfe •with us.

' Shakejff arc's Henry IV.

It would become hie better, than to rloft^
la terms of friendthip iriib tliinc enemies.

Shahefprare's yuUui Cafar.

There was no fuchi iefeii in roan"s underftand-
Sng, but that it woolSThji it'i'i' the evidence. Siulh.

He look the' time wiien Kichard was depos'J,
And high and lavtwitrj happy Harry cloi'J, Dryd.

Pride is fo unfociable a vice, that there is no
clsfirg v/ith it. Ctlliir af fr'unjjhip.

Tliis fpirit, poured upon iron, let:, go the wu-

ter ; the acid fpirit is more attrartcd by the fixed

■ body, and lets go the rater, to chfe ivUb the fixed

-fcody. Neu-ton's Qpticks.

Such a proof as would have been clofrd •with
. certainly at the firft, ihall be fet alide ^afily after-
wards. Atlcrbury.

Thefe governors bent all their thoughts and
applications to chje in xaitb the people, now the
ftronger party. S'wt/t,

4'. Ta Close nvitb. To grapple with in

wreftling.
Close. »./ [from the verb.]

1. Any thing fliut ; without outlet.

The admirable cft'ecfs of this diHillation in (Ufe,
which is like the wombs and matrices of living
creatures. Btcon.

2. A fmall field inclofed.

I have a tree, which grows here in my et^t,

• That mine own ufc invites me to cut down.
And (hortly niuft 1 fell it. ShakfJ^care.

Certain bedgers dividing a clojc, chanced upon a
great chert. Carriu'l Survey cfCorn'wa//

3^ The manner of (hutting : in this and
the following fenfe it is pronounced as
e/oze.

The doors of plank were ; their c/iji exquifite,
Kept with a double key. Ctafman,

4. The time of (hutting up.

In the cl'.ft of night,
Philomel begins her hcav'nly lay. Dryicn.

f. A grapple in wreftling.

The king went of purpoie into the North, lay-
ing an open fide unto Perkin to make him come
«*» the ficfr, and fo to trip up his heels, having
made fure in Ktaf beforehand. Baccn.

Bath fill'a with diift, but darting up, the third
jhk they had made.
Had net Achilles' lelf Itiiud up. Chapman.

i. Fiuife : cc^lktion ; reiL

The air, fuch pleafure lolh to lofe,
With thoufand ecclioes fiili prolongs each heavniy
(iojit Hilitn.

6

At ev'i-y chfi (he made, th' attending throng
Replied, and bor^ t)>c burden of the fang.

. Drydtn'l Feil/t.

7. A condition or end.

Speedy death,
The ekf; of all my mifcriei and the balm. Milttn.

Thro" Syria, Herfia, Greece, (he goes ;
And takes the Romans in the ehj\: Prnr.

Close, adj. Tfrom the verb.]

1 . Shut fall, (o as to leave no part open ;
as, a clofe box, a f/«/^houfe.

We fuppofe this bag t* be tied cisift about, to-
wards the window. ICtlk'mt.

2. Having no vent ; witltout inlet ; fecret ;
private ; not to be feen through.

Nor could his afts too c/ofe a vizard wear.
To 'fcajie their eyei whom guilt had taught to
fear. Drydcn.

3. Confined ;' ftagnant ; without ventila-
tion.

. If the rooms be low-roofed, or full of vvindows

and doors ; the one maketh the air ckje, and not

frclb i and the other maketh it exceeding unequal.

Bacon's Natural Hifiory.

4. Compafl ; folid ; denfe ; without in-
terilices or vacuities.

The inward fubrtancc of the earth is of itfelf an
uniform mafs, cloft and compafi. Burnet's Tbmry.

The golden globe being put into a prefs, which
WIS driven by the extreme force of fcrcws, the
water made itfelf way thro' the pores of that very
ckfe metal. Locke.

5. Vifcous ; glutinous ; not volatile.

This oil, which nourifhes the lamp, is fiippofed
of fo chfe and tenacious a fubftance, that it ma)
(lowly evaporate. H^ilkim.

6. Concife ; brief; comprcfled ;' without
exuberance or digrefllon.

You lay your thoughts lb chfe together, that,
were they clofcr, they would be crowded, and even
a due connexion would be wanting. Dryd. Juv.

Where the original is clofe, no verCon can reach
it in the fame conipafs. Dryden,

Read tbefe inftruftive leaves, in which confpire
Frefnoy's cl'Jt art, and Dryden's native fire. Pope.

7. Joined without any intervening diftance
or fpace, whether of time or place.

Was I a man bred great as Rome herlelf.
Equal to all her titles ! that could ftand
Clofe up with Atlas, and fullain her name
As ftrong as hi doth hcav'n ! Benjonfon.

We mud lay aflde that lazy and fallacious
method of cenfuifng by the lump, and muft bring
things ckfe to the tell of true or falfe.

Burnet's The^.

Plant the fpring crocufes citfe to a wall. Mwiim.
Where'er my name I find.
Some dire misfortune follows clofe behind. Pope.

8. Approaching nearly ; joined one to

another.'

Now fit we clife about this taper here.
And call in queftiun our neceiUties. Hbakefptare.

9. Narrow ; as, a clo/c alley.

10. Admitting fmaUdiilance.

Short crooked fwords in cl<fer fight they wear.

Dryden.

1 1 . Undifcovered ; without any token by
which one may be found.

Clofe nbfervc him for the fake of mockery. Clofe,
in the name of Jolting! lie you there. Shakefp,

12. Hidden; fecret; not revealed.

A iltfe inient at Lilt to fliew me grace. Speifer.

Some fpagyiifts, that keep their bcft things cltfe,
will do mure to vindicate their art, or oppofe their
antagonilh, than to gratify the curious, or benefit
mankind. Beyle.

13. Having the quality of fecrecy ; trufty.

Contlant you arc.
But yet a woman j auil I'm fccrefy,
No Udy clofer. Sbakefpeare.

14. Having an appearance of concealment J
cloudy ; fly.

That clofe afpeft of hjj
Does (hew tlie mood of a much troubled brcaft.

Shakefpeare,

15. Without wandering; without devia-
tion ; ^attentive.

I difeovered no way to keep our thoughti clofe to
their bufincfs, but, by frequent attention, getting
the habit of attention. Ltck:>

16. Full to the point ; home.

I am engaging in a large difpute, where the argu-
ments are not like to reach clofe OQ either lide. Drji,

1 7. Retired ; folitary.

He kept himfelf rfc/t becaufe of Saul. Cbmicla.

18. Secluded from communication; as, a
clafe prifoner.

19. Applied to the weatlier, dark; cloudy;
not clear.

Close. aJ-v. It has the fame meanings
with cloftly, and is not always ealily
diftinguiihed from the adje£tive.

1. Nearly ; denfely ; fecredy.

He his lleep
Diliurb'd not, waiting tioft the approach of mom.

MUtui,
Behind her death
CUfe following pace for pace, not mounted jet
On his purple horfc. Mil'on,^

2. It is ufed fometimes adverbially by it-
felf, but more frequently in compofition.
As,

Close-banded, asif. In clofe order;
thick ranged ; or fecretlj- leagued, which
feems rathei'the meaning in this paf-
fage.

Nor in the houfe, which chamber ambu(he3
Clofe-banded, durft attack me. Mition,

Close-bodied, adj. Made to fit the body
exafUy.

If any clergy ihall appear in any clofe -hidieicoK,
they (hall be fufpcnded. Ay.'iJfe'sParergon,

Close-handed, adj. Covetous.

Galba was very clofe-banded : I have not read
much of his liberalities. Arhuthnot m Corns.

Close-pent. adj. Shut clofe; without
vent.

Then in fome chfe-pent room it crept along,
And, fmould'ring as it went, in filencc fed. Dryi,

Clo'sely. adv. [from f/^.j

1 . Without inlet or outlet.

Putting the mixture into a crucible cicfelj luted,

Boyle,

2. Without much fpace intervening ;
nearly.

Follow Fluellen chfclj at the heelt. SbtUf^art,

3. Attentively.

If we look more chVs, we (hall find
Mofi have the feeds of judgment in their mind.

fitpt.

4. Secretly; fliJy.

A Spaniard, riding on the bay, fent fome clofely
into the village, in the dark of the night.

Carfw's Survey of CcrmueUU

5. Without deviation.

1 h )pe I have tranlUtcd elMf enough, and given
them the fame turn of vcrfe which they had in the
original. Dryden.

Clo'seness. at. / [from f/o/J.]
I . The ftate oi being (hut ; or, the qua-
lity of admitting to be fliut without in-
let or outlet. .

In drums, the, r/o/inr/l round about that prefer-
vcth the found, maketh the noife come forth of
the drum-hole more loud than if yon Ihould Arike
upon the like ikio extcadcd In the open air.

iU<M°( Natural Hifiory,

2. Narrow-

C L O

8. Narrownefs ; ftraitnefs,
5. Want of air, or ventilation.

I took my lesTe, being half-ftified by the elofe-
ntf> of the room. Sivifi.

C L O

8

^. 'Compaftnefs ; folidity.

How could partickn, fowidely difperfcd, combine
loto that cicjenifi of . xture ? Btniky.

The hartc of" the fpiilt to put forth and the chje-
miji of the bark, caufc prickles in boughs.

Baccn's Natural Hi/lwy,

5 , Reclufenefs ; folitude ; reiiremeut.

1 thuj negle^ing worldly ends, all dedicated
To chfetfi, and the bettering of my mind. Shah.

6, Secrfcys privacy.

To bis confederates he was conftant and juft,
but not open. Such was his enquiry, and fuch his
thjtnejt, aslliey flood in the light towards him,
and he flood in the dark towards them.

Bt:n'iHtnryW\.
A jaaniey of much adventure had been r.ot com-
municated with any of bis majcfty's counfeUors,
being carried with great chfcncfi, liker a bufinefs of
love than ftate. fftnnm.

We rife not againft the piercing judgment of
ilkugudus, nor the extreme caution or cltfitup of
Tiberius. Bacons Ejjayi.

This prince was fo very referved, that he would
Impart his fecrcts to n» body: whereupoa this
thjentfi did a little perifli his underftanding.

Cs//iVr of Frimljhif,

7, CovetoufDefs ; fly avarice.

Irus judged, that while he could keep bis po-
verty a fecret, he fliould not feci it : he improved
this thouglit into an affecbtion of ri^Jcnefs and co-
vetoufnefs. _ MJiftn't Sftctalcr.

• Connexion ; dependance.

The aOions and proceedings of wife men run in
greater cA/fw/i and coherence %riih one another,
than thui to drive at a cafual iiTuc, brought undrr
no forecaft or dcfign. Souib.

Clo'ser. n. /. [fromf/a/i.] A finiflier ;

a cbncluder.
Clo'sestool. ». / [clofe and /««/.] A
chamber impleinenc.

A peftle for his truncheon, led the van ;
And his high helmet was a (kft,fnial pan. Garth.

Clo'set. »./ [from r/o/i.J

I. A fmall room of privacy and retirement.

. The taper bumeth in your cla'a- Sbate/fearr.

He would make a ftep into hi's chftt, and after a

ftiort prayer he was gone. ffoittn.

3. A private repofitory, of curiofities and
valuable things.

He fliould have made himfelf a kcv, wherewith
to open the ilofft of Minerva, where thofe fair
treafurei are to be found in all abundance.

,, , .. DryJtt't Dufrefnay.

He furnifliM her ch/et firrt, and fills
The crowded (helves wiih rarities of (helb.
ff. „ , DryJrniFallet,

To Clo set. v. a. [from the noun.]

1. To Ihut up, or conceal, in a dofet.

The heat
Of thy great love once fptead, as in an urn,
Doth ckfct up itfelf. Utrkcrt.

2. To take into a clofet for a fecret inter-
view.

About this time began the projeft of clcfrtirg,
where the principal gentlemen of the kingdom were
privately catechifed by his Majefty. S-wlft.

Closh. n./. A dlftemper in the feet of
cattle ; called alfo \ke founder. Dia.

Cto'suRE. n. f. [from f/e/a.]

1. The aft of (hutting up.

The chink was carefully clofcd up! upon which
(UJuTI there appeared not any change.

BoyU'i Sfrinr i,f ttt Air.

2. That by which anything is clofedor (hut.

1 admire your fending yout latt to me quite open,
without a falf wafer^ oi any cU^uti whatever.

P^f* It Swift.

. The parts indofing ; inclafure.

O thou blooJy prifan !
Within tlic guilty chfure of thy wails
Kichard the Second here was hack'd to death.

' Stjkiffeare,
4. Conclufion ; end. Not in ufe.

We'll hand in hand all headlong ca ft us down,
And make 3 mutual c/c/i/rof our houfe. Shaiiff,

CLOT. »./ [probably, at iirft, the fame
with c/od, but now always applied to
different ufes ; or rather /(/o//^, Dutch,
a mafs. ] Concretion ; coagulation ;
grume.

The white of an egg, with fpirit of wine, doth
bake the egg into cht:, as if it began to poch.

. Bacov.

The opening itfelf wai ftopt with a clot of gru-

mous blood. tVifcman'! Surf^,.y.

To CtOT. 1'. n. [from the noun ; or irom
klotteren, Dutch.]

1 . To form clots, or clods ; to hang toge-
ther.

Huge unwieldy bones, lafting remains
Of that gigantick race ; which, as he breaks
Thei-Zorrrrf glebe, the plowman haply finds, fbilitu

2. _To concrete ; to coagulate ; to gather
. into concretions : as, dmid milk, dotud

blood.

Here mangled limbs, here brains and gore,
Lie dated. eWifs.

3. To become grofs.
CLOTH. «. / plural ckths or clothes.

[claS, Saxon.]

1. Any thing woven for drefs or covering,
whether of animal or vegetable fulj-
flance.

A coftly cUlh of gold. Drayton.

The Spaniards buy their linen cloths in that

'V"E''<"": Sivift.

2. The piece of linen fpread upon a table.

Nor let, like Narvius, every error pafs ;
The mufty wine, foul cloth, or greafy glafs. P'^<.

3. The canvafs on which piftures are tfe-
lineated.

I anfwcr you right painted <■/<,/*, ' from whence
you have lludied jour queftions. Shahfpeare.

Who fears a fentence, or an old mans faw,
Shall by a painted r,Vi te kept in awe. ShaieCfi.

This idea, which we may tall the giKlJef/of
painting and of fculpture, dcfcends upon the mar-
ble and the clat, and becomes the original of thefc
^^- DryJcn.

^. Any texture put to a particular ufe.

The king ftood up under his clotb of l>ate, took/
the fword from the protettor, and dubbed the Lorrf
Mayor of London knight. Sir John Hayicard.

I'll make the very green cloth to look blue./
-— - ^cn jf/nfon,

;. Drefs ; raiment.

I'll ne'er didruft my God for cktb and bread,
While lilies flourifli, and the raven's fed. %flr/«.

). Cloth, taken abfolutely, commonly

means a texture of wool.
'. In the plural. Drefs; habit; garment;
vefture ; veftments : including whatever
covering is worn on the body. In this
fenfe always clothes, pronounced do's.
He with him brought Fryenc, rich arra-,'d
In Claribtllae'i cUthcs. 'spcnjrr.

Take up thefe chtbii here quickly ; carry them
to the laun.lrefs in Datchct-nicad. Sldkrfftcr.,
Strength grows moru from the warmth of exer.
cjfcs than of cloaibi. ttmfli,

. The co\ering of a bed.

Cizing on her midnight foes,
Shi tutu'd each way her ftigliied head.
Then funk it deep brncath the cUttes, Pr'nr,

To Clothe, t'. a. pret. I clothed, ot clad ;
parijcip. fltthtd-, «r chd. [from dofh.]

CLO

I. To invert with garments ; to cover with

drefs, from cold and injuries.

An inhabitant of NcvaZcmbla having lived in
Denmark, wlicre he was chtbcJ, took tlie firft op-
portunity of making his elcape into nak. dnefs.

_, . Addijons freeholder.

1 he Britons, in Caefar's time, painted their b*.
dies, and chthed thcnifelves with the (kins of beafts.

With fuperior boon may your rich foil
Eicubcrant nature's better bleUings pour
O'er every land, the naked nations cLihe,
And be th' cxhauftlefs granary of a world, thomfot,,

s. To adorn with drefs.

We chtbc and adorn our bodies: indeed, too

much time we beftow upon that. Our fouls alfa

are to be chhcd with holy habits, and adorned

witli good works. Hay on Creathn,

Embroiler'd purple clothes the golden beds.

_, . „ . Pope's Statiut.

3. To invert, as with clothes.

I put on righteoufnefs, and it clcihtd me. Jeh,

Hall thou clotbtd his neck with thunder ? Joh.

I will alfo cicthc «er priefts with falvation. Pfal.

- Jf thou beeft he ; but O ho"- fall'n ! how chaiig'd

From him, who in the happy rralms of light,

C.cfAVwith tranfcendentbrightncfs, did'ft out(hire

Myriads though bright ! AfiAon.

They leave the (hady realms of night.
And, chih'd in bodies, breathe your upper lighf.

r I. 1. ,• 1 Drydin,.

l.et both ufe the cleareft language in which they

can clothe their thoughts. H^atn on the Mind.

4. To furnifh or provide with clothes.

Drowlinefs (hall ilothe a man with rags. Priv^.

To Clothe, v. n. To wear clothes.

Carcnomoretor/of/'.randeat. Shut. Cymielire,

Clothier.b./ [from doth.] A maker
ot doth.

Tlie clothiers all, not able to maintain
Tlie many to them 'longing, have put olF
The fpinfters, carders, fullers, weavers.

„. . Shahffeare's Henry VIII;

His commilfioners (hould laul'e ehthitrt to take
wool, paying only two parts of the price. Hanwrd. .

They (hall only fpoil the clothiers wool, and begi
gar the prcfcnt fpinncis, at beft.

Sraunt's Bills of Mutality.

Clo't h I n g . »./ [from To clothe.] Drefs j.-
vefture; garments.

Thy bofom might receive my yielded fpright,
And thine with it, in iicaven's pure chthinr drcft,
1 hrough clcarea Ikies might take united (light.

V L J > . , yatrjax.

Your bread and clothing, and every neced'ary of

life, entirely depend upon it. Sivift.

Clothshe'arer. ti. /. [from doth w A:
fhear.] One who uims the doth, an4.
levels the nap. \

My father is a poor man, and h} bis occupation,
a clotbfheanr. Huke-wW on Providence. .

Clo't POLL. n.f. [from dot And p»ll.1

1. Thick&ull ; blockhead. \

What fajs the fellow there? calY the chtpoll
■"^r^-. . , Hak.fp.ar...

2. Head, in fcorn.

I have fcnt Cloten's clolfoll down tiie ftream.
In emlafly to his mother. Siakefptare' s dymleline^
r« Clo'tter.c. ». [khiterea, Dutch.]''
To concrete j to coagulate j to gather'
into lumps.

.,-ji • ■ "* ''"Se'i 'I'e trembling «rc,
Slidd ring thro' clttttr'd blood and holy mire.

Drydtn's jSfk^Ji.

Clo'ttit. adj. [fromr/«r.] Full of clods j:
concreted ; full of concretions.

The matter expeflorated is thin, and mixt with:
thick, (/«(;, blui.-.'iftteaks. liarvey onCorfunfiienU.

>\ here laid ii ck-ty, «r,d a ftuwcr if . ain loaka ,
through, you «.a; tutU up! of » rail to brca!; it.

M^rtintcm ■

CLOUDw.

C L O

CLOUD. V. /. [The derivation t» not
known. Min/hnu derives it from clauda,
to (hut ; Somner from clod; Cafaubon from
ax^vf, darknefj ; Skinner from kladdt,
Dutch, a fpot.]
I. Thv dark collection of vapours in the
air.

Now are the cluijs, that lowerM upon our houfe,
In the deep balbm of the ocein b'^rieJ.

Sbakifp. Riebdrdm.
As a mill i« a multitude of fma'.i but folid glo-
tuljs, which thdrefore dtfcend ; io a vapour, and
therefore a watery cloud, is nathirg elfc but a con-
geries of very fmall and concave globules, which
jthercfore afccnd, to that height in which they arc
•f eijual weight with the air, where they remain
fufpended, till, by fame motion in the air, being
broken, they defcend in folid drops ; either fmall,
■s in a mill ; »r bigjcr, wlien many of them run
together, as in rain. Crno's Cofmotojia.

ClouJi are the greatcft and moft confiderablc of
all the meteors, as furnilhing water and plenty to
the earth. They confift of very fmall drops of
water, and are elevated a good'dillance above the
furface of the Mrth; for a cloud is nothing but a
mill flying high in the air, as a mill it nothing
fcut a cUud here below. Lackt.

Ho«' vapours, tum'd to clouds, obfcure the Iky ;
And claudi, diiTolv'd, the tbirfty ground fuupiy.

Rofcimmox,
The dawn is overcall, the morning low'rs.
And heavily in clouds brings on the day. Addijon.

8. The veins, marks, or flains, in ftones

or other bodies.
3. Any ftate of obfcurity or darknefa.

Tho' poets may of inl'piration boall.
Their rage, ill govem'd, in the ckuds is loll. Waller,

How can I fee the brave and young
Fall in the tloudofviiT, and fall unfung ? AJdifcn.

A. Any thing that fpreads wide ; as a crowd,
a mtihittide.

Theobjeftion comes to no mor« than this, that,
amangft a cicud of witnefles, there was one of no
very good reputation. jiittrbmy.

Vo Cloud, v. d. [from the noun]

1 . To darken with clouds ; to cover with
" clouds ; to obfcure.

2. To make of fullen and gloomy ap-
pearance.

Be not dilhcarten'd then, nor cloud thofc looks,

That wont to be more cheerful and fcrenc. Miliav.

What fullen fury clouds his fcnrnfiil brow ! Pofe.

3. To obfcure ; to make lefs evident.

If men would not exhale vapours to ckud and
darken the cleared truths, ns man could niifs his
way to heaven for want of light. Decay ofPiitJ,

4. To variegate with dark veins.

The hand'e fmooth and plain,
Made of the clouded olive's eafy grain. Pof'i.

^0 Cloud, v. n. To grow cloudy ; to grow

dark with clouds.
Clo'udeerr Y. n.f. [from (loud 2inA ber-

ry ; cham<emorus.'\ The name of a plant,

called alfo knotberry. Miller.

Clo'udcapt. aJj. [from cloud vnA cnp.^

Toppedwithclouds; touching thedouds.

The cloudccpt towers, the gcrgeous palaces.
The folemn temples, the great globe itfelf.
Yea, all which it inherits, fiiall difTolve. Stakc/f.

Cloudcompe'llinc./k^'. [A word form-
ed in imitation of rifiiXnyfVsTti;, ill under-
flood.] An epithet of Jupiter, by whom
clouds were fuppofed to be coUcded.

Health to both Ui<igs, attended with a roar
Of cannons, ccchoM from th' atlrighted (hore ;
With loud refemklance of his thunder, prove
Bacchui the feed of chudccmfelliitg Jove, fyalter

Supplicating iBove
Tij juft complaliit li) thidstm^elling Jove. Drjd,

C L O

Clo'udilt. adv. [from cloudy.^

1. With clouds ; darkly.

2. Obfcurely ; not perfpicuoufly.

Some had rather have good difcipline delivered
plainly, by way of precepts, than ehudilj enwrapped
in allegories. Sftenfer.

He was comitwindi-d to write fo ekadily by Cor-
nutus . Drydtn.

Clo'udiness. n.f. [from cleudy.'\

1. The ftate of being covered with clouds ;
darknefs.

You have fuch a February face,
So full of froft, of ftorm, and cloudiness. Shaktff.

The (ituation of this illand expofes it to a con-
tinual cloudincfs, which in the fummer readers the
air colder, and in the winter warm.

Harvey on Confutnft'iom.

2. Want of brightnefs.

I faw a cloudy Hungarian diamond made clearer
by lying in a cold liquor; wherein, he affirmed,
that upon keeping it longer, the (lone would lofe
more of its cloudinefs, Scyle.

Clo'udless. ezdj. [from elouJ. ] Without
clouds ; clear ; unclouded ; bright ; lu-
minous ; lightforae ; pure ; undarkened.

This Partridge foon (hall view in ctoudkfs Ikies,
When next he looks through Galilaeo's eyes. Pofi.

How many fuch there muft be in the vail extent
of fpace, a naked eye in a cloudlefs night may give
us fome faint glimpfe. Cbeyr.e.

Clo'u Dv. adj. [from deud.']

1 . Covered with clouds ; obfcurcd with
clouds; confining of clouds.

As Mofes entered into the tabernacle, the cloudy
pillar dcfcended, and flood at the door. Exodus.

2. Dark ; obfcure ; not intelligible.

If you content yourfelf frequently with words

inllead of ideas, «r with cloudy and confufed no-

■ tions of things, how impenetrable will that dark-

nefs be ! H^atis on the Mind.

3. Gloomy of look ; not open, nor cheer-
ful.

So my (lorm-bcaten heart likewife is chcer'd
With that fun-fl-.ine, when cloudy looks are-clcar'd.

Sfenfer.

Witnefs my fon, now in the (hade of death,
Whofe bright outlhining beams thy(/W^ wrath
Hath in eternal darknefs folded up. Sbakeffeare.

4. Marked with fpots or veins.

5. Not bright, wanting luflre.

1 faw a cloudy diamond. Boyle.

Clove, n./. [the preterite of cleave.] Sec
Ta Cleave.

Gyon's angry blaJs fo fierce did play
On th' other's helmet, which as Titan (hone,
That quite it cltve his plumed crell in tway.

Fairy ^een.

CLOVE, a. /. [clou, Ft. a nail, from the
fimilitode of a clove to a nail. ]

1. A valuable fpice brought from Ternate
in the Eaft Indies. It is the fruit or
feed of ^ very Urge tree. ^

Clo-ve fecms to be the rudiment or beginning of
a friiit growing upon dove-trees.

Bro^itn's Vulgar Errcun.

2. Some of the parts into which garlick
feparatcs, when the outer (kin is torn
off. [In this fenfe it is derived from
cluve, the preterite of cleaiie.]

'Tis mortal frn an onion to devour;
Each clove of garlick is a facred power. Tale^s jfuv.

Clove-cillyplower. ». / [from its
fmelling like cloiet.]

This geirus maybe divided into three clafTes !
I. The clove-gillyflower, or carnation, a. The
pink. 3. The fweet William. The carnation,
or clove-p,illyflower, are diftinguilhed into four
clalTes. The 6rll, called flakes, having two co-
louri only, aad their ftripcs large, (oing <ittitc

C L O

throagh the leaves. The feeond, called bitany
have flowers llriped or variegated with three or
four difl^erent colours. The third ate piquettet |
tliefe flowers liave always a white ground, and ar8
fpotted with fcarlot, red, purple, or other colours,
'i'h* fourth are called painted ladies t thefe have
their peuls of a red or purple colouT on the up-
per fide, and are white underneath. Of each of
thefe cbflTes there are numerous varieties. The
true clove-gillyflower has been long in ufe for mak-
ing a cordial fvrup. "There are two or three va-
rietiei commonly brought to the markets, whick
dilTer greatly in goodnefs ; fome having very little
fcent, when compared with the true fort. Miller,

Clo'vzk. fart, fret, [f torn cleave.] See
To CLEAVE.

There is Aulidius, lill you what work he makes
Among your cloven army. Sbakejfeare.

Now heap'd high
Tie cloven oaks and lofty pines do lie. Waller^

A chap-fallen beaver, loofdy hanging by
The cloven helm, and arch of viftory. Dryden.

Clo'ven-footed. ladj. [cloven zn6 foot ,
Clo'ten-hoofed. J or hoof.] Having

the foot divided into two paits ; not a,

round hoof ; bifulcous.

There are the bifulcous or cloven-hoof ed i at CI«
jnels and beavers. Sroivn's fulrar Errtum

The cloven-foeted fiend is banilh'd trom us.

DryJeitf

Great variety of water-fowl, both whole an<
elovenfooied, frequent the waters. Ray on tie Crejt,

CLO'VER. 7». /. [mora properly

Clo'vbr-crass.J clover idxps-HtSix.}
I . A fpecies of trefoil.

The even mead, that erft brought fweetly forth
The freckled cowflip, burnct, and green cfctw.

Sheke/fiare
Nature (hall provide
Green graft and fattening clovtr for their fare.

Dryden.

Clover improves land, by the great quantity of

cattle it maintains. Monimer's Hujlandry.

My Blouzelinda is the blithed lafs.
Than primrofe fweeter, or the clover-grafs. Cay,
z. To live in Clover, is to live luxuri-
oufly ; clover being extremely delicious
and fattening to cattle.
Well, Laureat, was the night in clovtr fpent }

Ogle.

Clo'verbd. fli^'. [fiom clever.] Covered
with clover.

Flocks thick-nibbling thro' the cltver'd vale.

Thov.fin,

Clouch. h. f. [clouih, Saxon.] The
cleft of a hill ; a clitt. In compolition,
a hilly place.

Clouch. «. / [In commerce.] An al-
lowance of two pounds in every hundred
weight for the turn of the fcale that
the commodity may held out weight
when fold by retail.

CLOUT. ». / [clue, Saxon.]

1. A cloth for any mean ufe.

His garment nought but many ragged chuti.
With liorns together pinn'd, and patched was.

Sfenfer,
A clout upon that head.
Where late the diadem flood. Shakefpoarc,

In pow'r of fpittle and a cUul,
Whrtrc'er he plcafe, to blot it out. Swijim

2. A patch on a (hoe or coat.

3. Anciently, the mark of white cloth at
which archers Ihot.

He drew a good bow ; he (hot a fine (hoot ; he
would have clapt in the clcuf at twelve fcote, Stak.

4. An iron plate to keep an axle-uee from
wearing.

C L O

ft! Clout, -b. a. [from the noun.]

1 . To patch ; to mend coarfel y.

1 thought he /lepr, and put
My (hated brogues from off my feet, whofc rudcnefs
Anfwer'd my ftens too loud. Shakejpcare.

Th- dull (wain
Treads on it daily with his chulctt Otoon. Milton.

2. To cover with a cloth.

Milk Tome unhappy ewe,
Whofc chutr-d leg her hurt doth (hew. Spinfcr.

3. To join awkwardly or coarfely toge-
ther.

Many fentences of cue meaning clouteil up toge-
*'«'■• Jlfcbam.

Clo'uted. participial adj. Congealed ;
coagulated : corruptly ufed for clotieti.

I've kai her ikim the douicd cream,
And prcfs from fpongy curds the milky ilream. Gay.
Clo'iiterly. adj. [probably by corrup-
tion from louttrly.^ Clumfy ; awkward :
as, a clout crly fellow.
The fingle wheel plough is a vtry ckuterly fort.
or r\ ir t Mortimer's Hujhandry.

CLOWN, n.f. [imagined by 5,f/nwr and
Junius to be contracted from colonus. It
ieems rather a Saxon word, corrupted
from loiun; hen, Dut. A word nearly of
the fame import.]

\. A ruftick ; a country fellow; a churl.

He came witii all his dnvns, hoifed upon cart-
J'"!!'/ ," Sidney.

1 httkiens, a boift'rous, nide, ungovern'd crew.
With lunous halte to the loud fummens flew.

. , Dryden.

2. A coarfe, ill-bred man.

In youth a coxcomb, and in age » clown. Spea.

A country fquire, rcprefented with no other vice
but that of being a clown, and having the provin-
cial accent, '^sv.ift.

Clownery, ». / [from f/ew».] HI.
breeding; churl ilhnefs; rudenefs; bru-
tality.
The fool', conceit had both clownery and ill-
. ^ r ' L'EJIrangt.

Clo wnish. adj. [from clown.]

1. Confifting ol rullicks or clowns.

Young Silvia beats h-r breail, and cries aloud
tor fuccour from the clm>mjh neighbourhood.

2. Coarfe ; roogh ; ragged. "* "

But with his clownijh hamis their tend:-r wines
He br>,(hcth ofr. Spinfer'i Fain, Sueen.

3. Uncivil ; ill-bred ; ill-mannered.

What if we ellay'd to fteal
The clovini/h fool out of jour father's court ?

4. Clumfy ; ungainly. '^
With a grave look, in this odd equipage,

The climinip miinick traverf -s the Ilage. Prior.
Clo'wn.shly. ad-v. [from cloiunip.^

Coarfely; rudely; brutally.
CtowNisHNHSs. n.f. [itom do-uimjh.y

1. Rufticity; coarfenefs; unpoiifhed rude-
nefs.

Even his Dorick dialeft ha, a„ incomparable

If the boy ffiould n.ttnake leg, very gracefully,
a dancmg mafter will cure that defc«, and wipe

2. Incivility; brutality.
Clown', Mustard, n.f. An herb. Dia.
To CLOY. -v. a. [enclpuir. Fr. to nail up ;

to (top tip. '^ '

I. To latiate ; to fate ; to fill beyond de-

T.' , ^u''*^"' ' '° fi" t° loathing,
n,. le„8d, of thofc fp«chc. had not chjed Py.

C L U

recles, though he were very !mt>at!ent of long de-
liberations. " gidmy.

The very creed of Athanafius, and that facrcd
hymn of glory, are reckoned as fuperfluitics, which
we niurt in any cafe pare away, left we cloy God
with too much fcrvice. Ihoker.

Who ca-. cloy the hungry edge of apoetite
By bare imagination of a feaft ? 'Sbakcfpeare.

Continually vary'ng the fame fenfc, and taking
up what he had more tlian enough inculcated be-
fore, he fometimes clcys his readers inf.ead of fa-
tlsfymg them. Dryden.

Whofe little (lore her well taught mind does
plcafe,
Norpinch'd with want, norrfoy V with wanton eafe.

Rofcomtnar.

Intemperance in eating and drinking, inftcad of

delighting and fatisfying nature, doth but load apd

''"y"'^- Tilhtfon.

Settle, cloy'd with cuftard and with praifc.
Is gather'd to the dull of ancient days. Pope.

2. It feeras to have, in the following paf-
fage, another fenfe : perhaps to ftrike
the beak together.

His royal bird
Prunes the immortal wing, and clyt his beak.
As when his god is pleas'd, Shalejfe.,re.

3. To nail up guns, by ftriking a fpike
into the touch-hole.

Clo'yless. adj. [from cloy.] That of
which too much cannot be had; that
which cannot caufe fatiety.

£picurean cooks
Sharpen with tkylefs fauce his appetite. Shaicfp.
Cloyment, n.f. [from cloy.] Satiety;
repletion beyond appetite.

•'^'^s ; their love may be called appetite :
No motion of the liver, but the palate.
That fuffers furfeit, ckymcnt, and revolt. Shakifp.

CLUB. n.f. [from clivppa, Wellh ; kluppel,
Dutch.]

J . A heavy ftick ; a llafF intended for of-
fence.

He (trove his combreJ tlub to quit
Out of the earth. Spenfe,'! Fairy fluccn.

As he pulled off his helmet, a butcher (lew him
with the ftrokc of a cM. Haytaard.

Arm'd with a knotty club another came. Dryd.

2, The name of one of the fuits of cards.

The ilubi black tyrant fird lu-r viflim died,
Spile of his haughty mien and barb'rous pride.
r„ P-^pe.

3. [From cleopan, to divide. Skinner.]
The fliot or dividend >)f a reckoning,
paid by the company in jull propor-
tions.

C L U

A tuddling couple fold ale: their hum 'ur Was
to drink drunk, upnn their own liquor : they laid
down their club, and this they called f ,rcing a
"a'''" rr , VEjIrange.

4. An aflembly of good fellows, meeting
under certain conditions.

What riylit has any man to meet in faftious
cA(ii to vilify the government? Dryd. Medal. Dcd.

5. Concurrence; contribution; jointcharge.

He 's bound to vouch them for his own,
Th<,' got b" rmplicite genci..tion.
And general club of all the nation. Hudibrau
Te Clud. -v.n. [from the noun.]

1. To contribute to a common expence
in fettled proportions.

2. To join to one effea ; to contribute fe-
parare powers to one end.

Till gralfer atoms, tumbling in the Urcam
Of fancy, madly met, and clubh'd into a dream.

_ Dryden.

tvcry part of the body feems to ilub and contri-
bute to thp feed i elfe why (hould parents, born
blind or deaf, fomi-timci jjencratc childrcu with the
Mme impeiltitioaa i j^^y.

Let fugar, wine, and creaaj together cluh.
To make that gentle viand, fyllabub. . fCinrf
The owl, tlie raven, and the bat,
Cluhb'd for a feather to his hat. S-wift.

To Club. a-, a. To pay to a common
reckoning.

Plums a.od dlreftors, Shylocfc and his <Vife,
Will c/uiThelr tellers now to take your life. Pope.

Fibres being diftinft, and impregnated by dif-
tinft fpirits, how Ihould they club their particular
informatjons into a common idea >

Cillier on Thought,

Cluehea'ded. adj. [dub and head.]
Having a thick head.

Small cluhhcaded antcrinse. Derhew..

Clubla'w. n.f. [cltibs.r\Alniv.] Regula-
tion by force ; the law of .irms.

The enemies of our happy eftablilhment feem t»
have recourfe to the laudable method of cluhlatu,
when they find all other means for enforcing tlie
abfurdity of their opinions to be inelfcftual.

Mdifon'i Freeholder t
Clu'broom. ». / [club and room.] Tho
room in which a club or company af,
fembles.

"Thele ladies refolvcd to give the pifiures of
their deceafed hulbandt to the clubrcom.

Addifon'i Speffator.
ToCLtJcK. 'V.n. [cloccian, WeKh; clochat,
Armorick ; cloccan,Sax. ; klocken, Dut.]
To call chickens, as a hen.

She, poor hen, fond of no fecond brood.
Has cluch'd thee to the wars. Sbakefp. Coriolanus.
Ducklings, though hatched by a hen, if (he
brings them to a river, in they go, though the
hen clucks and calls to keep them out.

Ray on the Creaior.
Clump, n.f. [formed from /;/«/.]

1. A niapelefs piece of wood, or other
matter, nearly equal in its diraenfioni.

2. A duller of trees ; a tuft of trees or
ihrubs ; anciently a plump.

Clv M y s. n.j. A numbfcull. Skinner.

Ci,u'msily. adv. [from cliim(y.] Awk-
wardly ; without readineft ; without nira-
blenefs ; without grace.
He walks very clumjily and ridiculoudy.
_ -Ray on the Creation,

This lofty humour is clutnfly and inartificially
managed, when affected. Collier on Pride,

Clu'msiness. «./ [from clumfy.] Awk-~
wardnefs ; ungainlinefs ; want of rcadi-
nefs, nimblencfs, or dexterity.

The drudging part of life is chiefly owing t«
clumjinejs and i-norance, which either wants prop«r
tools, or (kill to ufc them. Collier on Farr.e.

CLU'MSY. adj. [This word, omitted in
the other etymologifts, is rightly derived
by Bailey from lompjch, Dutch, ftupid.
In Englifh, lump, dump, lumpijh, cLimp-
ijh, dimpijhh, clumjily, dumjy.] Awk-
ward ; heavy ; artlefs ; unhandy ; with-
out dexterity, readinefs, or grace. It i»
ufed either of peribns, or aftions, or
things.

The matter duftile and fequacious, apt to be

moulded into fuch (hapes and machines, even by

clamjy lingers. jj^^,.

But thou in clumfy verfe* unlick'd, unpointed.

Haftltamefullydefy-d. Dryden,

That clumjy outfide of a porter,

How could it thus conceal a courtier ? Siuift.

Clung. The preterite and participle of

ding.
Clung, adj. [clun25u, Sax.] Wjiftedwith

leanncfs ; ftjrunk up with cold.

Uu 79

C L U

TVCtuMft. v.n. [clinjan. Sax.] To dry
as wood does, when it is laid up after
it is cut." See To Clinc.

CLU'STER. »./. [dyrrep. Sax. klijier,
Dutch.]

I . A bunch ; a number of things of the
fame kind growing or joined together.

Grapes will continue frelh and moid M winter,
if you hang them clujltr by clufter in the roof of a
warm room. Bacon.

A fwelling knot is raisM ;
Wience, in fljort fpace, itfclf t!>e clujler (hows,
Anil from earth's moiilure, mixtwith fun-beams,

grows.

Dtnbam,

The faline corpufcles of one liquor do varioufly
aft upon the tinging corpufclca of another, fo as to
make many of thera afibciate latoaclufier, whereby
two Ui.ifparen: liquors may conipole a coloured
one. Ncwttu.

An elm was near, to whofe embraces led,
The curling vine her fwelling cluften fpread. Popi.

2. A number of animals gathered toge-
ther.

As bees
Po«r forth their populous youth about the hive
In clujltn. Milicn's faradije LcJI.

Therewith their dafping feet together clung,
And a long chfiir horn the laurel hung. Drydcn.

3. A body of people collefted : ufed in
contempt.

We lov'd him ; but like bea.ls,
And coward nobles, gave way to your clujitrs.
Who did hoot him out o' th' city. Sbaktjpeari.
■ My friend teok his ftation among a clujltr o{
mob, who were making tbe'mfelves merry with
their betters. Mdifin.

T« Clu'ster. f. n. [from the noun.]
To grow in bunches ; to gather into
bunches ; to congregate.

Forth f. -.iih'd thick the c!iJ}mKgy\ae. Mi/uit.

Great father Bacchus, to my fong repair ;
For clujlcrir.g grapes are thy peculiar caie. Drydcn.

Or from the foreft falls the clujiir'd fnow,
Myriads of gems. Tbamfin's ffintcr.

Ttf Clu'ster. -v. a. TocoUeft any thing
into bodies.

Cluster crape. »./. [from clu/er And
grape."]

The fmall black grape is by fome called the
currant, or tlujiergraft ; which 1 reckon the for-
warded of the black fort. Mcrlimcr's Uujhandry.

Clu'stery. adj. [fxom clufter. 1 Growing

in clufters.
To CLUTCH. V. a. [of uncertain etymo-

lagy. ]

1. To hold in the hand ; to gripe ; to

grafp.

Is this a dagger I fee before me.
The handle tow'rd my hand ? Come, Ictmer/u/ri

thee. . Sheiefftare.

They,
Like moles within us, heave and call about j
And, till they foot and chub their prey.
They never cool. Herbert,

2. To comprize ; to grafp.

A man may fet the poles together in his head,

and clutch the whole globe at one intcUeftual gtafp.

Collitr on Thought,

3. Tocontraft ; to double the hand, fo as
to feize and hold faft.

Net that I have the power to cktcb my hand,
When hSs fair angels would falute my palm.

Shairjptare^s King yohn,

Ch;tch. »./ [from the verb.]

I. The gripe ; grafp; feizure.

a. Generally, in the plural, the paws, the

talons.
It was the hard fortune of a cock to fall into

tb« (iuubti lil a cat. L'Rfinmge,

C O A

3. Hands, in a fcnfe of rapacity and
cruelty.

Your greedy flav'ring to devour,
Before 'twas in your clutches pow'r. Jludibrts,

Set up the covenant on crutches,
'Gainft thofe wlio have us in their clutcbn, Uudih,

1 muft have great leifure, and little care of my-
felf, if I ever more come near the clutches of fufh a
giant. Stilling jifct,

CLU'TTER. n,f, [See Clatter.] A
noife ; a buftle ; a bufy tumult ; a hur-
ry ; a clamour. A low word.

He faw what a clutter there was with huge,
over- grown pots, pans, and fpits. L'EJk-ange.

The fav'rite child, that jull begins to prattle,
Is very humourfomc, and makes great clutter,
Till he has windows on his bread and butter. King.
Prithee, Tim, why all this clatter ?

Why ever in>thefe raging fits ? Stvifi.

To Clu'tter. 'v,v, [from the noun.] To

make a noifc, or buftle.
Cly'ster. »./ [x^l'^V] An injeftion

into the anus.

If nature relieves by a diarrhoea, without finking
the ftrength of the patient, it is not to be ftopt,
but promoted gently by emollient clyjlers, Arhuth.

To COACE'RVATE. a». a, [coacewo,
Latin.] To heap up together.

The collocation of the fpirits in bodies, whe-
ther the fpirits be coaceniate or diftufed.

Bacon's Natural Hifiory,

Coacerva'tion. »./. [from coacer'vate.']
The aft of heaping, or ftate of being
heaped, together.

The fixing of it is the equal fpreading of the
tangible parts, and the clofe ct,accrvation of them.
Bacon's Natural Hiftcry,

COACH ». / [coche, Fr. kotczy, among
the Hungarians, by whom this vehicle
is faid to have been invented. Minfreiu,']
A carriage of pleafure, or ftate, diftin-
guifticd from a chariot by having feats
fronting each other.

Bafilius attended for her in a coach, to carry
her abroad to fee fome fports. Sidney.

A better would you fix ?
Then give humility a coach and fix. Pope,

Suppofe that laft week my coach was within
an inch of overturning in a fmooth even way,
and drawn by very gentle horfes. Sv'ifl.

,To Coach, f. a. [from the noun.] To
carry in a coach.

The needy poet flicks to all he meet!,
Coacb'J, carted, trod upon ; nowr loofc, now faft.
And carry 'd oft' in fome dog's tail at lad. Pope.

CoACH-BOX. n, /, [coetch Btni iox.J The
feat on which the driver of the coach
fits.

Her father had two coachmen : when one was
in the ccachhx, if the coach fwung but the lead
to one fide, flie ufed to fliriek.

Artuthnoi's HiJIory of John Bull.

CoACH-HiRE. n, /, Money p^d for the
ufe of a hired coach.

You exclaim as loud a^ thofe that pralfe.
For fcraps and coach-hire, a young noble's plays.

Drydcn,
My expcnces ia aacb-hire make no fmall ar-
ticle. Spc^ator,

Coach-house, n. / {^ccach and hon/e,']
The houfe in which the coach is kept
from the weather.
Let him lie in the ftable or the ctacb-btufe.

Siuift.
Coach-maker. »./. [coaci zad mahr.]
The artificer whofe trade is to make
coaches.

C O A

Her chariot is an empty haicl-nut, *

Made by the joyner Squirrel, or old Grub,
Time out of mind the furit% eoacbmaiert, Siaim

Take care of your wheels : get a new fet
bought, and probably the ctacb-ttiakerv'sU conCdcr
you. Swift,

Coach-man. «./ [<-o<jfA and »»«».] The
driver of a coach.

Thy nags, the leaned things alive.
So very hard thou lov'd to drive ;
I heard thy anxious coachman fay.
It cod thee more in whips than hay. Pri'.r,
She commanded her trembling coachman to drive
her chariot near the body of her king. South,

To COA'CT. T. «. [from con and eia.\
To aft together ; to aft in concert. Not
ufed.

But if I tell how thefe two did coaB,
Shall I not lye in publilhing a truth ? Siaiefp»

Coa'ction. «. /. [coa^ut, Lat.] Com-
pulfion ; force, either reftraining or im-
pelling.

It had the paflions in perfefl fubjeftion ; and
though its command over them was perfuafive
and political, yet it had the force of coafiion, and
dcfpotical. South'

Cofi'cTivE, ac/J, [from «<j<5.]

1. Having the force of reftraining or im-
pelling ; compulfory ; reftriftlve.

The Levitical priefts, in the old law, never arro-
gated unto themfelvcs any temporal or coaflive
power. Raleigh,

2, Afting in concurrence. Obfolete.

Imagination,

With what's unreal thou ccaUivc art. Shahcfp,
Coadju'ment. n./, [from «« and adju-

mtntum, Lat.] Mutual afliftance. Dla.
Coadju'tant. n.f. [from con MiAeidjulo,

Lat.] Helping; operating.

Thracius coaJjutant, ajid the roar
Of fierce Euroclydon. Philips,

Coadju'tor. n.f. [from con andadjutor,

Lat.]
I . A fellow-helper ; an affiftant ; an aflb-
ciate ; one engaged in the afCftance of
another.

I Ihould not fuccced in a projeft, whereof I have

had no hint from my predeccflbrs the poats, or

their feconds or coadjutors the criticks. Dryden*

Away the friendly coadjutor flies. Garth's Difp,

A gownman of a different make.
Whom Pallas, once Vaneda's tutor.
Had fix'd on for her coadjutor. Swift,

z, [In the canon law.] One who is im-
powered or appointed to perform the
duties of another.

A bifhop that is unprofitable to his dlocefe ought
to be dcpofed and no coadjutor afligncd him. jiyi,

CoADju'vAHCY. n. f, [from con and ad-,
ju-vo, Lat.] Help ; concurrent help ;
contribution of help ; co-operation.

Crydal is a mineral b^dy, in the difference of
done?, made of a lentous percolation of earth,
drawn from the modpureand limpid juice thereof;
owing to the coldncfs of the earth fome concurrem-e
and coadjuvancy, but not immediate determination
and efficiency. Brown's Vu'gar Errnrs.

Coaduni'tion. «. / [from con, ad,
unitio, Lat.] The conjunftion of diffe-
rent fubftances into one mafs.

Bodies fcem to have an intiinfick principle' of,
or corruption from, the craduniticn of particles
endued with contrary qualities.

llalc's Origin rf Mankind,

To COAGME'NT. v, a. [from cen and
agmcn, Lat.] To congregate or heap
together. I have only found the parti-
ciple in ufe.

HaJ

C O A

C O A

C O A

Had the world been ceagmevtcd from that fup-
pofcJ fortuitous jumble, this hypothefis had been
tolerable, Gl.m'vuk,

Coagmenta'tion. n./. [from co^gment.]
Colleftion, or coacervation, into one
nrafs ; union; «njunflion.

The third part rcils in the well joining, ce-
menting, and ieagmeviathn of words, when it is
fmioth, gentle, and fweet. BmjQr.Un.

Coa'gulable. adj. [from coagulate.']
That whicli is capable of concretion.

Stones that are ricii in vitriol, beiag often
drenched with rain-watei, tlie liquor will then ex-
traft a 6ae and traalrarent fub:Unce, coagulahh
into vitriol. Boyle.

To COA'GULATE. 'v. a. \_coagulo, Lat.]
To force into concretions ; as, by the
afFufion of feme other fubftance, to turn
milk.

Roafted in wrath and fire,
■ And thns o'erfiied with ccegulatt gore.- Shaitff.
Vivification ever ccnfifteth in fpirits attenuate,
which the cold doth congeal and ccaguhtt,

Bacon^s Ntiiurjl Iiy^try.

Bitumen is foand in lumps, or coaguUftit maOirs,

in fome fprings. fFccJwerd'i /Vetura/ Hijicry.

The millc in tlie ilomach of calves, whuh is

coagylatcd by the runner, is again diO'wlved and

tendered fluid' by the gall in the duodenum.

ylrbuthmt.

To Coa'gulate. 'V. n. To run into con-
cretions, or congelations.

Spirit of wine commixed with millc, a third
part fpirit of wine, and two parts milk, caaguUltlh
little, but mingleth ; and the fpirit fwims not above.

Bucttn,
About the third part of the oil olive, which was
driven over into the receiver, did tliere coagulutc
into a whitiflj body, almoll like butter. Boyle,
Coagula'tion. n.f. [from coagulate.]
1 . Concretion ; congelation ; the ad of
coagulating ; the ftate of being coagu-
lated.
z. The body formed by coagulation.

As tile fubftance of ccaguhiions is not merely
fatine, nothing dinblves them but what penetratci
and relaxes at the fame time. jirttilhnot.

Coa'gul ATIVE. aJj. [from congulate.]
That which has the power of caufing
concretion, or coagulation.

To manifeft the caagulative power, we haTC
fometimes in a minute arrefled the fluidity of new-
milk, and turned it into a curdled fubftance, only
by dexteroufly mingling with it a few drops of good
oil of vitriol. B^le,

Coacula'tor. n. f. [from coagulate.]
That which caufes coagulation.

Ccagulatirs of the humours, are thofe things
which expel the mnft fluid parts, as in the cafe of
incraflating, or thickening ; and by thofe things
which fuck up fome of the fluid parts, as abforb-
*""• Arhuthmt.

COAL. n. f. [col. Sax. kol. Germ. koU,

Dut. kul, Danilh.]
t . The common foliile fewel.

C<M/is a black, fulphurous, inflammatory matter,
dug out of the earth, ferving for fcArel, common
in Europe, though the Englilh coal is of raoft
repute. One fpecic» of pit-cnal is called camil,
or eatKle coal, which is found in the northern
ountics ; hard, gbfly, and light, apt to cleave
into thin flake*, and, when kindled, yields a con-
tinual blaze till it be burnt out. Ciamten.
Cm.'j are folid, dry, opjiic, InRammabfc fub-
ftanccs, found in large ftijta, Iplitting horizontally
more ealilj than in any other diredlion ; of aglofly
hue, foft and friable', not fufible, but eafily in-
flammable, and kaving a large refiduum of affics.

HilUn Fojil,.
But age, enforc'd, falls by her own confent ; ■,
A« iciti to allies, when the fpijit's ijient, Dcnham.

We iTiall meet with the fame mineral lodged in
ecali, that elfewhere we frund in marie,

fi'oodiuaril^i Natui'iil Il'^try,

'2, The cinder of fcorched wood j charcoal.

Whatfoever doth I'o alter a body, as it rcturneth
net again to tliat it was, mny be called alteratio
m.ijor ; as when cheefe is made ef curd;, or coijls
of wood, or bricks of earth. Baccn.

3. Fire ; any thing inflamed or ignited.

You are no furer, no.
Than is the cojl of fire upon the ic*
Or hailftoncs in the fun. Shaiefpeare.

You have blown this ccal betwixt ray lord and
me. Shakifpeare.

The rage of jealoufy then fir'd his foul,
And his face kindled like a burning co<i/. Drydtn.

To Coal. ki. a. [from the noun.]

1 . To burn wood to charcoal.

Add the tinner's care and coft in buying the wood
for this fcrvicc ; felling, fr-ming, and piling it to
be burnt j in tistching the fame, when it is coaled,
through fuch far, foul, and cumberfome ways.

Carenu^s Survey of Ccrnivail .

Charcoal of roots, coaled ipto great pieces, lafts
longer than ordinary charcoal. Bacon.

2. To delineate with a coal.
Maivailing, he coaled oui rhimes upon the wall,

■ear to the pi^ure. Camden.

CoAL-VLACK. ac/j. [coal znA Hack.] Black
in the higheft degree ; of the colour of
a coal.

As burning /Etna, from his boiling ftew.
Doth belch out flames, and rocks in pieces broke.

And ragged ribs of mountains molten new,
Enwrapt in coal-ilaik clouds and filthy fmoke.

Fairy ^jeert.

Ethiopians and n^rocs become co.il-bIack from

fuliginous cfflorefccncies, and complexional tinc-

turci. ^ Bniun.

Coal-black his colour, but like jet it flione;
His legs and flowing tail were white alone. Drydev.

CoAL-Box. »./. [coal and iox.] A box to
carry coals to the fire.

Leave a pail of dirty water, a ctal-iac, a bottle,

a broom, and fuch otlicr unfightly things. Svuift.

CoA t-pisH.».y. [a/elluj niger.] A fpecies

of beardlefs-gadiis. ' ' '
Coal-mine. ti. /. [coal and miKe.] A
mine in which coals are dug; a coal-
pit.
Springs injure land, that flow from coal-mine!.

Mortimer.

Coal-pit. »./ [from <roa/ and ///.] A
pit made in the ear-th, generally to a
great depth, for digging coals.

A leaf of the polypody kind, found in the {ink-
ing of a coalpit. fVocdicard.

Coal-stone. ». /. [coal zni Jf one.] A
fort of cannel coal. See Coal.

Co:>l-J>one flames eafily, and burns freeiy; but
holds and endures the fire much longer than coal.

Wood'ward.
CoAL-woRK. n. f. [coal and ix'ark.] A
coalery ; a place where coals are found.

There is a vaft treafurc in the old Englifh, from
whence authors may draw conrtant fupplies j as our
officers make their furcft remits from the coal-m:rki
and the mines. Feltcv.

Co'ALERy. n. /. [from coal.] A place
where coals are dug.

Two fine ftala£lits were found hanging from a
black ftunc, at a defcrtcd vault in Benvi ell cowry.

lVv'.ihj:ard.

To COALE'SCE. -v. n. [coakfco, Latin.]
I. To unite in mafles by a fpontaneous
approximation to each other.

When vapours arc railed, th'^y hinder not the
tranfparency of the air, being divided into parts
too fmall to caufe any reflection in their fuperficies;
but whe« thc|r begin to atltfce, aa4 conHitute

globules, thofe globules become of a conveu'ejif

fizc to reflcift fome colours, Acivton.

2. To grow together; to join.
Coale'scence. n./ [from coale/ct:.] The

ad of coalefcing ; concretion j union.
Coali'tion. ft./, [from coale/co, coalittm,

Latin.] Union in one mafs or body ;

conjundion of feparatc parts in one

whole.

The world 's a mafs of hctcrngeneous confiften-
clcs, and every part thereof a coalitior. of dlftin-
guilhable varieties. GlavviUe.

In the fi:ft coalition of a people, their profpeft ia
not great : they provide laws for their prefem ctl-
e^ncc, //j/..

'Tis necelTary that thefe fquandered atoms
fliould convene and unite into great mafles: witli-
out fuch a coalition the chaos muft have reigned to
all etcinlty, Beniley.

Co'aly. adj. [from ccal.] Containing

coal.
Or coaly Tine, or ancient hallow'd Dee. Milton.
Coapta'tion. .•:. f. [from con and aftc,

Lat.] The adjullnicnt of parts to each

other.

In a clock, the hand is moved upon the dial,
the beil is ftruck, and the other aftlons belonging
to the engine are performed, by virtue of the iizc,
(hape, bignefs, and tM^.c(w/j of the feveral parts.

Boyle.

The fame method makes both profe and verfe
beautiful, which confifts in the judicious «fl/'f«(;o»
and ranging of the words. Broome.

To COA'RCT. I -v. a. [coar3o. La-

To COA'RCT ATE. | tin.]

1 . To ftraiten ; to confine into a narrow
compafs.

The wind finding the room in thS form of a
trunk, and coarliatid therein, forced the ftones of
the window, like pellets, clean through it. Bacon,

2. To contrad power ; to reftrain.

If a man coarcit himldf to the extremity of

an 3&, he mi;ft blame and Inipute it to himfelf,

' that he has thus coarflcd or ftraitened himfelf (a

far. yiylife.

Coarcta'tion. tt./. [from coar^.]

1. Confinement ; rellraint to a narrow
fpace.

The greateft winds, if they. have no coardation,
or blow not h )ilow, give an interiour found. Bacon*

2. Contradion of any fpace.

Straiten the artery never fo much, provided
the fides of it do not meet, the vtlfel will continue
to beat, below or beyond the coarSalion, Raj,

3. Reftraint of liberty,

Eleilion is oppofed not only to coailion, but
alii) to coarSiation, or determination to one.

Biai!tl;aIU
COARSE, adj.

1 . Not refined ; not feparated from impu-
rities or bafer parts.

I feel
Of what coarfe metal ye are molded. Shakefpeare.

2. Not foft or fine : ufed of cloth, ofwhidx
the threads are large,

3. Rude; uncivil; rough of manners.

4. Grofs ; not delicate.

'Tis not the coarfer tye of human iaw
That binds their peace. Tbomfon,

5. Inelegant ; rude ; unpolifhed.

I'raif: of Virgil is agalnit myfelf, for prefuming
to copy, in my coarfe EngUih, his beautiful ex-
prcflions, Dryden,

0, Not nicely expert ; unfinished by art
or education,

Praftical rules may bcufefultofuch as arc remote

from advice, and to rMr/< praflitiontrs, which tiny

ar; obliged to iq^Ic' "^ "f- jlrbuthiut.

U u z 7, Mean';

C O A

7. Mean 5 not nice ; not ekgant ; vile.

Ill conforty and * ccarfe pcrluincy
Difgracc the delicacy of a fcalt. Jiofiomimn.

A aarjt ani ufcleis dunghill weed,
Fix'd to one fpot, to rot ju(t as it grows. Oiicjy.

From this coarft mixture of terrcllrial parts,
Dcfire and fear by turns poflcfs their hearts. Vryd.
Co'arsely. aJ'v. [from coar/i.'\
1.. Without finenefs ; without refinement.

2. Meanly ; not elegantly.

John cnme neither eating nor drinlcing, but
^>cd cMrJely and poorly, according Co the ;ipparei
he wore. " Brvwn.

3. Rudely ; not civilly.

The good cannot be too much hoiioured, oor the
bad too cearftly ufed. Drydcn.

4. Inelegantly.

Be plcifed to accept the rudiments of Virgil's
poetry, aarjttj tranflatcd, but which yet reuins
fome beauties of tlie author. Drydcn.

Co'arseness. n. f. [from coarfe.'\

1. Impurity; unrefined Hate.

Firlt know the materials whereof the glafs is
made ; then confider what th; reafon is of the
coarjeMft or dcdtncfs. Bset-n's Ejjdys.

2. Rougbnefs ; want of finenefs.
}. Groflhefs ; want of delicacy.

Friends (pardon thecM«/.ntyi of the illuftratian)
as dogs in couples, (UctuM be uf the daie {itt,

L Ljirangr.

4. Roughnefs ; rudenefs of manners.

A bafe wild olive he remains \
The (hrub the ccarfrvrfi of the clown retains. Garth.

5. Meannefs ; want of nicety.

Confider the penurioufnel's of the Hollanders,
the aarjeniji of their food and raiment, and their
little indulgences of pleafure. ylJJiftn on tki IVar.

COAST, n.f. {cop, Fr. cejla, Latin.]

1. The edge or margin of the land next
the fea ; the (hore. It is not ufed for
the banks of lefs waters.

He fees in Englifli ihips the Holland coaji. DryH.

2. It feems to be taken by Ne^tcn for
fide, like the French cojie. It was like-
wife fo ufed by Bacon.

The fouth-eaft is found to be bettor for ripening
of trees thin the fouth-weft; though the fouth-
wcll be the hottcft coaJi. Baccit.

Some kind of virtue, lodged in fome fides of
the cryllal, inclines and ben.ls the rays towards the
Mjy?,ofunurualrcfra6lion J otlicrwife the rays would
not be refra^ed trvwards thit fOtiy? rather than any
otherrc^, both at their incidence and at theiremcr-
gence, fo as to emerge by a contrary ficuation of
the CM/f. Nfwtia'i Optich,

3. Tie Coast is clear, [a proverbial ex-
preffion.] The danger is over ; the ene-
mies have marched off.

Going out, «nd feeing that tbe eoafi vat clear f,
Zelraane difmiffed Mufidonis. SiJniyr

The royal fpy, when now tht coaft -was dear,
Sought not the garden, butretir'd unfeen. Drydtn.

Tb Coast, -v. n. [from the noun.] To fail
dofe by the coaft ; to fail within fight
of land.

But fteer my ve(Tel with a Iteady hand.
And coafi along the Oiore in fight of land.

Drydai's f^irgH.

The ancients euijitd only in their navigation,

feldom taking the upe n Itia. jirhuihiM en Oiiri.

^» Coast, v. a. To fail by j to fail
near to.

Nearchus, tbeadmiral of Alexander, not knaw-
isg the comf ;;f3, was fain to ttaji chM ftiore.

Srvuia'i fidlgar Brmrs.

The grcatcfl enter! linment we found in aa/ling

tt, were (be li.verjl profpc^s o( wood^, vineyards,

WCaJowi, tai C9i»-ficld< wbicb lie on tbe borders,

ti >t* , J4d^n tn Italy

COB

Co'aster. «. /. [from coaft."] He that
fails timoroufly near the ihore.

In our fmall IkifFwe mud nut launch too far;
We here but coajiin, not difco¥*rers are. Dryden.

COAT. «./. [ceite^ Fr. cotta, Italian.]

1. The upper garment.

He was armed with a ceai of mall, and the
weight of the coat was five ihoufand Hiekils of
brafs. I Samuti.

The coal of many colours they brought to their
father, and fatd, this have we found : know now
whether it be thy fon's con.' or no. Gtrefis.

2. Petticoat ; the habit of a boy in his
infancy ; the lower part of a woman's
drefs.

A friend's younger Ton, a child in coati, was
nor cafily brought to his book. Lccke.

3. The habit or vefture, as demonftrative
of the ofiice.

For his intermeddling with arms, he is the more
excufeable, becaufe many of his ccat, in thofc
times, are not only martial directors, but com-
manders. Hiwcl'i y'ccal Fcrtfi.

Mirn of his r^^rihould be minding their pray'rs,
Acd not among ladies, to give themfelves airs.

Stvifi.

4. The hair or fur of a beaft ; the covering
of any animal.

He clad
Their nakednefs with (kins of hearts ; or llain.
Or, as the fnake, with youthful cmt repaid;
And thought not much to clothe hit enemies.

Miltsn.
Give your horfe fome powder of brimrtone in
his oats, and it will make his ccat lie fine.

Mort'imer'i Hujbavdry.
You have given us milk
In lufcious Areams, and lent us your own coat
Againft the v^-inter's cold. Thumfin'i Sfrhg.

5. Any tegument, tunick, or covering.

Tbe eye is defended with four ccats or Ikms.

Peacham.
The optick nerves have their medullary parts
terminating in the brain, their teguments termi-
nating in the coats of the eye.

Dcrham^i PkyJico-7heckgy,

Amber is a nodule, inveflcd with a coat, called

rock-amber. ffoiJivard on Fcjfih.

6. That on which the enfigns armorial are
portrayed.

The herald of love's mighty king,
In whofc coat armour richly are difplay'd
All forts of flowers the which on earth do fpring.

Spcnjcr.
Cropp'd are tbe flower-de-luces in your arms ;
Of England's coat one half is cut away.

Sbahtffiares Uinry VI.
At each trumpet was a banner boimd.
Which, waving in the wind, difplay'd at large
Their mailer's coat of arms and knightly charge.

Drydci:.

To Coat. <z/. a. [from the noun.] To
cover ; to invert ; to overfpread : as, to
coat a retort ; 10 coat a ceiling.

To COAX. 'V. a. To wheedle ; to flatter ;
to humour. A low word.

The nurfe had changed her note ; ihe was muz-
zling and coaxing the child ; that 's a good dear,
fays flic. L'EjIrangf.

I »ii.r .' I wheedle I I'm above it.

Farqubar's Recruiting Officer.

Co'axer.;/./ [from the verb.] A whecd-
ler ; a flatterer.

Cob. A word often ufed in the compo-
fition of low terms ; corrupted from cop.
Sax. iojif. Germ, the head or top.

Cob. n./.

I. A fort of fca-fowl ; called alfo^«-c«^.

rkiiiip.

COB

2. In fome provinces, and probably in old

language, a fpider ; whence cobtuch.
Co'balt. n. /, A marcafite frequent in
Saxony.

Ceittit is plentifully impregnated with arfenick;
contains copper and fome filvcr. Being fublimed,
the flores are of a blue colour : thefc, German mi>
neralifts call zaflir. H^codtvard.

Cobalt is a denfe, compa^, and ponoerous mi-
neral, very brijjht and Ihining, and much refem-
bling fome of the antimnnisl ores. It is found in
Germany, Saxony, Bohemia, and England ; but
ours is a poor kind. From cobalt arc produced the
three forts uf arfenick, white, yellow, and red ; aa
alfo z>n\e and fmalc. Hill on FMu

To CO'BBLE. 1/. a. [toiler, Danilh.]

1 . To mend any thing coarfely : ufed ge-
nerally of ihoes.

If you be out. Sir, I can mend you. — Why, -Sir,
cobble you. Stakefpcare^s ^vlijn C^/ar,

They'll fit by th' fire, and prefume to know
What's done i' th' capitol ; making parties ftrong,
And feeble fuch as ftand not in their liking
Below their cobbled fhoes. Shakejpeare^ s Coriolanj,

Many underlaycrs, when they could not live
upon their trade, have railed themfelves from cti-
bling to fluxing. L'EJIrange.

2. To do or make any thing clumfily, or
unhandily.

Rejeft the naufeous praifes of the times;
Give thy bafe poets back tiicir cobbled rhimes.

Drydent

Believe not that the whole univerfe is mere

bungling and blundering, nothing efle^led for any

purpol'e ordefign, but all ill-favouredly cobbled ind

jumbled together. Benfley.

Co'bbler. n.f. [from coiilt.']

1. A mender of old ftioes.

Not many years ago it happened that a cobilep
had the calling vote for the life of a criminal.

Addijon on Italy*

2. A dumfy workman in general.

What trade are you?**
Truly, Sir, in refpeA of a flne workman, I an
but, as you would fay, a cobbler.

Sbaiejfeare'i yuTius Citfar.

3 . In a kind of proverbial fenfe, any mean
perfon.

Think you the great prerogative t' enjoy
Of doing ill, by virtue of that race ?
As if what we efteem in ccbblen bafe
Would the high family of Brutus grace.

Drydtn's Juvenal.
Co'birons. n.f. [cob and iron.] Irons
with a knob at the upper end.

The implements of the kitchen ; as fpits, ranges,
c^irons, and pots. Bacon' t Phyfical Remains.

CoBi'tHOP. «./ [con And hijhof.] A coad-
jutant biihop.

Valerius, advanced in years, and a Grecian by
birth, not qualified to prcLiuh in the Latin tongue,
made ufe of Auftin as a cobijhof, for the benefit of
the chuich of Hippo. jiyliffe.

Co'bnut. n.f. [cob and «»/.] A boy's

game ; the conquering nut.
Co'bswan. n.f. [cob, head, and /w««.l
The head or leading fwan.

J am nut taken
With a cohftvan, or a high-mounting bull.
As foolilh Lcda and £uropa were.

Ber. Jfnfin's Catilire.
Co'bweb. n.f. [kofiucb, Dutch.]
I . The web or net of a fpider : from ceb,
a fpider.

The lucklefs Clarion,
With violent fwift flight, tuith carried
Into th,e cuifcd cciivci^ .vliich his foe
Had framed for his fiaal overthrow. Sfenfer.

Is fupper ready, the houfe trimmed, ruflies
ftrtwcd, and cobwebs fwipt ?

Staie/feart't Taming cftie Shrew.
\ Tb«

c o c

c o c

CO c

The fpider, in the h^ufe of a burgher, fell pre-
fencly to her network of drawing cobivdiis up and
down. L'EJIrange.

Z, Any fnare, or trap : implying infi-
dioufneis and weaknefs.

For he a rope of d ! could twift
As tough as learned Sorbonift ;
And weave fine cobvjtbs fit for fcuil
That^s empty when the moon is full. ffud:bras.

Chronology at belt is but a cobwtb law, ano he
broke through it with his weight. Drydn.

Laws are liite (chiuebs, which may catch Imali
flieSy but let wafps and hornets break through.

Swift.

Co'coA. It./. See Cacao.
Cocci'ferous. adj. [from xoxxo?, and
/ero, Lat.] All plants or trees are fo

called that have berries. ^incy.

Co'c H I N E A L . K. /. \_cochittilUt, Span, a

woodloufe.j

Ao inlecV gathered upon the opuntia, and dried ;
from which a beautiful red colour is extracted.

Hill.
Co'cHLEARY. adj. [itota ccchUa, hax. a
fctew.] Screwform ; in the form of a
fcrew.

That at St. Dennis, near Paris, hath wreatliy
fpircs, and cocbUary turnings about it, which
agrreth with the defcriptk)n of the unicorn's horn
in ^lian. Smuns Vulgar Erroun,

Co'cHLEATED. adj. [from cochlea, Lat.]
Of a fcrewed or turbinated form.

Two pieces of ftone, flruclc forth of the cavity of
the umbilici of Ihells, of the fame fort with the
foregoing : they are of a ctchlaittd figure.

WoQdiuard an FoJJiU.

COCK. n.f. [cocc, Saxon ; coq, French.]
•1. The male to the hen ; a domeftick fowl,
remarkable for his gallantry, pride, and
courage.

Coch have great combs and fpurs ; hens, little
or none. Bacon'i Natural Hijiory.

True cMki o* th' game.
That never a(k for what, or whom, they fight i
But turn 'em out, and (hew 'em but a foe,
Cry liberty, and that 's a caufe of quarrel. Drjd.

The careful hen
Calls all her chirping family around,
Fed and defended by the fcarlefs mck.

1 banfun^ I Sfr'wg,

2. The male of any fmall birds.

Calves and philofophers, tygers and ftatefmen,
CHk fparrows and coquets, exiStU refemble one
another in the formation of the piiieat gland.

Arbutbnot and Pope.

3. The weathercock, that (hews the di-
reftion qf the wind by turning.

You catarafls and hurricanoes, fpout
Till you have drench'd our fteeples, drown'd the
«f*» .' Sbakcffeare.

4. A Ijpout to let out water at will, by
turning the ftop : the handle had proba-
bly a «f4 on the top. Things that were
contrived to turn, feera anciently to have
had that form, whatever was the reafon.

When every room
Hath blfu'dwi; blights, and bray'd with minftrelfj,
I have retlr'd me to a wafteful ceck,
And fet mine eyes at flow, Sbaktfteart.

It were good there were a- little eoek made in the
belly of the upper glafs. Bacon's Natural WJInry.
Thu» the fmall jc-tt, which hafty handi unlock,
Spirts in the gaid'ner's eyes who turns the tor*.

Pope.

5. The notch of an arrow.

6. The part of the lock of a gun that
ftrikes with the flint, [from cocca, Ita).
the notch of an arrow. Siinner. Perhaps
from the adlion, like that of a cock

pecking ; but it was, I think, fo called
when it had not its prefent form.]

With hafty rage he fnatch'd
His gunfcot, that in holftcrs watch'd ;
And bending cock, he levell'd full
Aga-nft th' outfide of Talgol's (kull. Hudibras.

A feven-fliot gun carries powder and bullets for
feven charges and difcharges. Uhder the breech
of the barrel is one box for the powder; a little
bffore the lock another for the bullets ; behind
the cock a charger, which carries the powder from
rtie box to a funnel at the further end of the lock.

Grcvf.

7. A conqueror ; a leader ; a governing
man.

Sir Andrew is the cock of the club fince he left
us. AddiJ'on.

My fchooimifter call'd me a dunce and a fool ;
But at cuffs 1 was always the cock of the fchool.

Siuift.

8. Cockcrowing ; a note of the time in a
morning.

We were caroufing till the fccond c«*. Sbakeff.
Hfe begins at curfew, and goes till the firft cock.

Sbakeffeare,

9. A cockboat ; a fmall boat.

They take a view of all fizcd cocks, barges, and
fiiherboats hovering on the cuaft.

Carcvj's Survey of Cornwall.

The fifliermen, that walk upon the beach.
Appear like mice ; and yond tall anchoring bark,
Diminilh'd to her cock ; her cock, a buoy,
Almoft too fmall for fight. Shakefpearc.

10. A fmall heap of hay. [Properly ro/.]

As foon as the dew is oft' the ground, fpread the
hay again, and turn it, that it may wither on the
other fide : then handle it, and, if you find it dry,
make it up into cocks, M-^rtimcr.

11. The form of a hat. [from the comb
of the cock.]

You fee many a fmart rhetorician turning his
hat in his hands, moulding it into feveral different
cocks. Addifor.

12. The ftyle or gnomon of a dial.

Chambers.

13. The needle of a balance.

14. Cock on the Hiiop. Triumphant; ex-
ulting.

Now I am a frilker, all men on me look ;
What (hould I do but let cock on the hoop f

Camden s Remains.
You 'II make a mutiny among my guefts !
You will fet coik a hoop ! Shakefpearc.

For Hudibras, who thought h' had won
The field, as certain as a gun.
And having routed the whole troop,
With viSory was cock a hoop, Hudibras.

To CocK. 1/. a. [from the noun.]

1 . To fet erefl ; to hold bolt upright as
a cock holds his head.

This is that mifcle which perfoms the motion
fo often mentioned by tlie Latin poeta, when thev
talk of a man's cocking his nofe, or playing the
rhi.ioceros. 'jiddifon.

Our Lightfoot barks, and cocks his ears j
O'er yonder ftile fee Lubberkin appears.

Gay's PttJIorals.
Dick would cock his nofe in fcorn.
But Tom was kind and loving. Swift,

2. To fet up the hat with an air of petu-
lance and pertnefs.

Dick, who tlius long had pafTive fat,
Here ftrok'd his chin and cock'd his hat. Prior.

An alert young fellow cockel his hat upon a friend
of his who entered. Mdifon's Spectator,

3. To mould the form of the hat.

4. To Sx the cock of a gun ready for a
difcharge.

Some of them holding up their piftols, cocked,

near the door of tlkchoufi:, which they kept open.

Drydtifl Dciualim, Mntid.

5, To raife ha^ in fmall heaps.

Sike mirth in May is meeteft for to makey
Or fummer Ihade, under the cocked hay,

Spenfer s Paflortlst

To Cock. v. n.

1 . To ftrut ; to hold up the head, and look
big, or menacing, or pert.

Sir Fopling is a fool fo nicely writ.
The ladies would miftake him for a wit;
And when he fings, talks loud, and foc>&5, would crvj
I vow, methinks, he 's pretty company. Dryden.

Every one cocks and ftruts upon it, and pretends
to overlook us. Addifons Guardian^

2. To train or ufe fighting cocks.

Cries out 'gainil cocking, fince he cannot bet.

Ben Jonfon,

Cock, in compofition, fignifies fmall or

little.
Cocka'de. w. / [from feci.] A ribband

worn in the hat.
Co'cKATRicE. n. f. [from cock, and
at:tep. Sax. a ferpent.] A ferpent fup-
pofed to rife from a cock's egg.

They will kill one another by the look, like
cockatrices. Shakcfpeart^

This was the end of this little cockatrice of a
king, that was able to deftroy thofe that did not
efpy him firft. Bacont

■This cockatrice is fooneft crufhed In the ihell ;
but, if it grows, it turns to a ferpent and a dragon,

Taylor*

My wife! 'tis fhe, the very rcfil(jrri-v / Congreve*
Co'cKBOAT. n.f. \_cock and boat.'\ A
fmall boat belonging to a Ihip.

That invincible armada, which having not fired
a cottage o{ ours at land, nor taken a cockboat oi
ours at lea, wandered through the wildernefs of the
northern feas. Bacons

Did they think it lefs difhonour to God to be
like a brute, or a plant, or a cockboat, than to be
like a man ? SiUlmgfleet.

Co'cKBROTH. n.f. Broth made by boil-
ing a cock.

Diet upon fpoon-mqats ; as veal or cockbroths

prepared with French barley. Harvey on Confumpm

CocKCRo'wiNG. n.f. \_cock and cro'w.'\

The time at which cocks crow ; the

morning.

Ye know not when the mafter of the houfc
Cometh ; at even, or at midnight, or at the cock-
crotvingy or in the morning. Matk^

To Co'cKER. 1/. a. [coqueliner, French.]
To cade ; to fondle ; to indulge.

Molt children's conftitutibus arc fpoiled by cocker-
ing and tciidernefs. ' Locke on Education.

He that will give his fon fugar plums to make

him learn, doe? but authorize his love of pleafurCy

and cocker up that propenfity which he ought to

fubdue. Locke 071 E'iuiation.

Bred a fondling and an heirefs,

Drefs'd like any Lady May'refs,

Cocker'd by the fervants round.

Was too good to touch the ground. Sioif^.

Co'cK E R. n. /. [from cock.'] One who fol-
lows the fport of cockfighting.
Co'cKEREL. n.f. [from cock^ A young
cock.

Which of them firft begins to crow ?—
The old cock .'—The cockerel. Shakefpeare.

What wilt thou be, young cockerel, when thy
fp'irs
Are grown to fharpncfs ? Drydcn.

Co'cKET. n.f. [of uncertain derivation,]

A feal belonging to the king's cuftomhoufc :
likcwife a fcroU of parchment, f'aled and delivered
by the officers of the cuitomhoufc to merchants,
as a warrant tiiat their merchandize is entered.

C'.-mII.

The gteateft profit did arifc by the cocket of

hide°. ; lor wool and woolfells were ever of little

value in this kingdom* Daniies,

Co CK-

c o c

Co'cicFicHT. n. f. \ciick and /gi.'.] A
battle or match of cocks.

In cofifghs, t» niilce one cock nmrf hardy, ind
the other mory towirdly, Uttccn't Natural Ifijlsiy*

At ih.: feafoni ot' t'ooibjU and eoitfyiting, 'h^!c
litt'e ri pjbiiclci ivaflunie tlicir national hitrcd to
e.->cl O.IUT. MJijon.

Co'cic HORSE, adj. [cock and hor/e.'\ On
horfebiick ; triumphant ; exulting.
Alma, they Areiiuoufly inatntainy
Sits cKkLirJi on her throne the brain. Prtsr,

CO'CKLE. «. / [coquille, French.]

1. A fmall tellaceous filh.

It is a ncHt or a walnut (hell. Sbaitffeari.

We may, I think, from the make of an oyrter,
or iccklf, reafonably conclude, that it has not fo
many, nor fa quick, fenfes as a man. Loctt.

Three common cockle Ihells, out of gravel pits.

2. A little or young cock. Obfolete.

They bcaren the crjg fo ftlff and fi> (late.
As ctck/e on his dunghill crowing crank.

Sfenlir't Pajlorali.

Co'cKLE-STAiRS. It. /. Winding Or fpiral
ftairs. Chambers.

Co'cKLE. n. f. [coccel, Saxon; lolium,
aix.ania, Lat.] A weed that grows in
corn, the fame with cornrofe ; a fpecies
ot' poppy.

In faothing them, we nouriih 'gainft our fcnate
The ctcUe of rebellion, infolencr, fedition. Shak.

Good feed degenerates, and oft obeys
The foils difeafc, and into cockit (Irays. Dmnt.

T'o Co'cKi. E. <r. «. [from cccik."] To
contraft into wrinkles, like the Ihell of
a cockle.
Show'rs foon drench the camblet's cecUtd grain.

Gay.
Co'cKLED. adj. [from cockle.'\ Shelled;
or perhaps cochleate, turbinated.

Love's feeling ii more foft and I'enfible
Thart are the tender horns o( cwkkj fnails. Shai.

Co'cKLOFT. n. /. [cod and /«/>.] The
room over the garret, in which fowls
are fuppcfed to roolt ; unlefs it be rather
corrupted from ccploft, the cop or top of
the houfe.

If the loweft floors already burn,
CockJofti and garrets foon will take their turn.

Dryiten^s JuvcTial.

My garrets, or rather ray cocktofti indeed, are
very ipdiflerently furnilhcd ; but they are rooms to
lay lumber in. Stvift.

Co'cKMASTER. ft./. [cocA and majfer.]
One that breeds game cocks.

A ceckmajicr bought a partridge, and turned it
among the Hghting cocks. L'EJhangi.

Co'gk MATCH, n. /. [cod and match.]
Cockfight for a priae.

At the fame time that the heads of parties
prcferve towards one another an outward (hew of
good breeding, their tools will not fo much a;
mingle at a cstkmulct. Mdifon,

Though quail-fighting is what is moft taken
notice of, they had doubtlcfs cockmatcbes alfo.

yJrbuthr.st and Pope.

Co'cKNEY. H. f. [A word of which the
• original is much controverted. The
French ufe an expreffion, pais de co-
caigne, for a country of dainties :

Paris ej} piur un riche un pais de co-
caigne. Boilenu.

Of this word -they are not able to fet-
tle the original. It appears, whatever
was it; firft ground, to be very ancient,
being mentioned inan old Normanno-
Saxon poem :

c o c

F.ir in fee by weft S{>ayng,
Is a lond yhote cocayug.
On which Dr. Hickes has this remark :

Nunc coquin, coquim : qux olim apud
Gallos, otio, gula:, et vcntri deditot,
igiiaviim, ignanjam, dejldiofum, dejsdioj'am,
Jtgnem, fignificabant. Hinc urbanos, ut-
pote i rufticis laboribus ad vjtam fcden-
tariam et defidiofam avocatos, pagani
noilri olira coiaignes, quod nunc fcribitur
cockneys, vocabant. Et poeta hie nofter
in munachos & moniale», ut fegne ge-
nus hominum qui, defidiic dediti, ventri
indulgebant, & coquina: amatores erant,
malevolentiflime invehitur ; monalleria
& monafticam vitam inde fcriptionc ter-
tx cockainece parabolicc perftringens.]

1 . A native of London, by way of con-
tempt.

So the coclr.cy did to the eel], when (he put
then i' th' party alive. Sbaktjpcare'i King Lear.

For who is fuch a cockney in liis heart.
Proud of the plenty of the fouthcrn part.
To fcc»rn that union, by which we may
Boafl 'twas his countryman that writ this play ?

Dc.rf.1.

The cockney, travelling int t the country, is fur-
prized at many common practices of rural affairs.

H^atti.

2. Any effeminate, ignorant, low, mean,
defpicable citizen.

1 am afraid this great lubbar the world will
provo a cockney. Sbakejpeare' s Tive/ftb Night.

Co'cKPiT. ft./, [cock zad pit.]

1 . The area where cocks fight.

Can this cockpit hold
The vafty fit Id of France .' Sbakefpeere.

And now have I gained the cockpit of the weftern
world, and academy of arms, for many years.

ll^tvers Focal Forefl.

2. A place on the lower deck of a man of
war, where are fubdivifions for the pur-
fer, the furgeon, and his mates. Harris.

Co'ck's-comb. n. f. [cock nxid comb.] A

plant.
Co'ck's-head. n.f. A plant, named alfo
fainfoin. Miller.

Co'cKSHUT. n. f. [from cock im& Jhut.]

The clofc of the evening, at which time

poultry go to rooil.

Surrey and himfelf.
Much about cockjhut time, from troop to troop
Went through the army. Skakefpeare.

Co'cKSPUR. u.f. [cock and ^«r.]' Vir-
ginian hawthorn. A fpecies of medlar.

Miller.

Co'cKSURE. ad'v. [from cock and fure.l
Confidently certain ; without fear or
diffidence. A word of contempt.

We (leal, as in a caftle, ccckfure. Hbake/peare.

1 thought my(e\f cockfure of h\i horfe, which he

readily promifcd me. Pope's Letter!.

Co'cKswAiN. ft./, [cojjj-paine, Saxon.]
The officer who has the command of
the cock-boat. Corruptly Coxon.

Co'cKWEED. )t. /. [from cock and lueed.]
The name of a plant, called alfo Dit-
tander, or Pepper-wort.

CocOA. n.f. [cacaotal. Span, and there-
fore more properly written cacao.]

A fpecies of palm-tree, cultivated in the Eaft
and Weft Indies. The bark of the nut is made
into cordage, and the (hell into drinking bowls.
The kernel affords them a wholefome fotd, and
the milk contained in the IhcU a coaling liquor.

COD

The lctT«s are afed for thatching their boufes, tni
arc wrought into balkets. MiiUr.

The cacao or chocolate nut is a fruit of «n ob-
long figure i is compofcd of a thin but hard and
woDdy coat or (kin, of a TiJfk blackilh colour;
and tif a dry kernel, filling up its whole cavity,
fle(hy, dry, firm, and fatti(h to the touch, of a
du(ky colour, an agreeable fraell, and a pleafant
and peculiar talie. It was unknown to us till the
difcovcry of America. The tree is of the thick-
nefs of a man's leg, and but a few feet in height;
its bark rcu^h, and full of tubercles ; and its
loaves fix or eight inches long, lulf as'much in
breadth, and pointed at the ends. The flowers
are fucceeded by the fruit, which is large and ob-
long, rcfemhling a cucumber, five, fix, or eight
inches in length, and three or four in thicknels ;
when fully ripe, of a purple colour. Within the
cavity of this fruit are lodged the cocoa nuts,
ufaally about thirty in number. Hill'i Mat. Med.

Amid* thjfe orchards of the fun.
Give me to drain the cocm's milicy bowl.
And from the palm to draw its freiheiiing wine.

Tbomfon*

Co'cTiLE. adj. [«<7;7/'/, Lat.] Made by

baking, as a brick.
Co'cTiON. n.f. [coaio, Lat.] The aft

of boiling.

The dil'eale is fometimes attended with expec-
toration from the lungs, and that is taken off by a
coffion and refolution of the feverilh matter, or ter-
minates \a fuppuratioM or a gangrene.

ylriuibnot en Dieft

???;ts„. } »•/ [1/W/'"-] Afeafilh.
COD. n. f. [cobbe, Saxon.] Any cafe
or hufk in which feeds are lodged.

Thy corn thou there may'ft fafely fow.
Where in full codt laft year rich pcafc did grow.

May,
They let pcafe lie in fmall heaps as they are
reaped, till they find the ha .vm and c^ dry.

Mortimer s Hufhandry.

To Cod. -v. n. [from the noun.] To in-

clofe in a cod.
All codded grain being a deftroyer of weeds, an

improver of land, and a preparer of it for other

crops. Mortimer.

Co'dders. n.f. [from cod.] Gatherers of

peafe. Dia.

Code. «._/". [fo</if.v, Latin.]

1 . A book.

2. A book of the civil law.

We find in the Thcod ifun and Judinian codi
the tnterell of trade very well provided for.

Arbutbnot on Coins,
Indentures, cov'nants, articles they draw,
Large as the fields themfclves ; and larger far
Than civil coda with all their glofies are.

Pope's Sat.

Co'dicil. «. /. [codicillus, Lat.] An
appendage to a wilL

The man ("ufpci^s his lady's crying
Was but to gain him to appoint her,
By codicil a larger jointure. Prior.

Cod i'll e. n.f. [codille, Fr. codillo. Span.]
A term at ombre, when the game is
won.

She fees, and trembles at th' approaching ill }
Ju(l in the jaws of ruin, and codille.

Pope's Rape of the Lock.
To CO'DLE. 'V. a. [coqii$, coSiulo, Lat.
Skinner.] To parboil ; to foften by the
heat of water.
Co'dling. ». / [fro^ To codle.] An
apple generally codled, to be mixed
with milk.

In July come gifl'flowers of all varieties, early
pears and plums in fruit, gennitings and codlings.

SactM'i Ejays,
Theix

C O E

Their entertainment at the height,
In cream and cojimgs rev'ling with delight.

Kirg's Cookery.

He fet it lie all winter in a gravel walk, fouth of

a forf/iig hedge. AUrtimr't Hufiandry.

A codling, ere it went his lip in.
Would ftraight become 4 golden pippin. Sw(/>.
Coe'fficacy. n. f. [f»» and efficacia,
Lat.] The power of feveral things
afting together to produce an efteft.

We cannot in general infer the efficacy of thofe
ftars, or cctffcacy particular in medications.

BrmvnS y^u/gar Errcurs,

CoEFFi'ciENCY. «. / [cort and e^do,
Latin.] Cooperation; theilateof afting
together to ibme fingle end.

The managing and carrying on of this work, by
the fpirits inftrumental aitfficieticy, requires that
they be kept together, without diftin^ion or difli-
pation. Glan-viliii Sccpjiu

CoEFFi'ciENT. ». /. [«« and eficiens,
Latin.]

1. That which unites its ailion with the
aflion of another.

2. [In algebra.] Such numbers, or given
quantities, that are put before letters,
or unknown quantities, into which let-
ters they are fuppofed to be multiplied,
and fo do make a reflangle or produfl
with the letters; as, 4 a, h x, cxx;
where 4 is the co-efiicient of 4a, h of
bx, and f of fATjr. Chambers.

3. In fluxions.

The cjtfiiitnt of any generating term (in fluxi-
ons) is the quantity arifing by the divifion of that
term, by the generated quantity. Chambtn.

Coe'liack P^ffion. [xoi^:a, the belly.]
A diarrhcea, or flux, that arifes from the
infligeflion or putrefaftion of food in the
Homach and bowels, whereby the ali-
ment comes away little altered from
what it was when eaten, or changed like
corrupted Sinking flefh. ^incy.

Coe'mption. n.f. [<-o^/n///>, Lat.] The
aft of buying up the whole quantity of
any thing.

Monopolies and cmmflhn of wares for refale,
where they are not rcllraincd, are great menns to
enrich. Bjcor.'i Ej/jyi.

Coe'qual. aJJ. [from con and ejualis,
Lat.] Equal ; being of the fame rank
or dignity with another.

Henry the fifth did fometimes prophcfy,
If once he came to be a cardinal.
He'll make his cap cct^ol vi\l)\ the crawn.

Shakiffiare'l Hmry VI.

Coequa'lity. a./ [from coequal.] The

(late of being equal.
To COE'RCE. -V. a.[coerceo, Latin.] To

reftrain ; to keep in order by force.

PuniOiments are manifold, that they may cocrct
this profligate fort. Ayl'iffti fait'gm.

Coe'rcible. adj. [from rocr«.]
1. That may be reftrained.
' 2. That ought to be reftrained.
Coe'rcion. n.f. [from coerce.] Penal
reftraint ; check.

The cicriicn or execution of the fentence in ec-
defiaftical courts, is only by eicommunicjt'.on of
the perfon contumacious. Halt'i dmrnyn I.aiu.

Go»emment has aerclen and animadvcrfion upon
fuch as neglcfl their duty ; without which coercive
power, all government is toothlefsandprecarinur.
__ , ,. fc.. S-Mii.

Cob »civ*» aaj. Lfrom ceerce.]

C O E

1. That which has the power of laying
reftraint.

Ail things, on the furface fpread, are bound
By their coerd've vigour to the ground ! Blackmort-.

2. That which h.is the authority of re-
training by punifhment.

For minillers to feek that themfelves might
have ccerci-ve power over the church, woulJ have
been hardly conftrued. Hoaker, Preface.

Tlie virtues of a general, or a king, are pru-
dence, counlel, active fortitude, o/ercive power,
awful command, and the exercife of magnanimity,
as well as juftice. Dryder..

Coesse'nti AL. adj. [con zv\A eff'c!7tia , La-
tin.] Participating of the fame eflence.

The Lord our God is but one God, in which in-
diviJiblc un'ty we adore the Father, as being alto-
gether of himfelf ; we glorify that confuijftantial
Word, which is the Son ; we blefs and magnify
that coejjefttial Spirit eternally proceeding from
both, which is the Holy Ghoft. Hooker.

Coessentia'lity. n.f. [homcoeJ/eniiaL]

Participation of the fame eflence.
Coeta'neous. ae/J. [conzn&eetas, Latin.]
Of the fame age with another : with to.
Eve was old as Adam, and Cain their Ion cceta-
neous unto both. Brciun'i Vulgar Err'^un.

Every fault hath penal eft'efis, coetanetui to the
i(\. Gov.

Through the body every member fuflains an-
other ; and all are coctaiuous, becaufc none can fub-
fift alone. Bentky'i Serm-.n,

Coete'rnal. adj. [con and leternus, Lat.]
Equally eternal with another.

Or of the eternal coeternt/ beam !

Milton' t Paradife hofl.
Coete'rnally. ad-v. [from coetemal.]
In a ftate of equal eternity with an-
other.

Arius had diAonoured his cittcrnally hegotten

Son. Hooker.

Coete'rnity. n. /. [from coeternal.']

Having exiftence from eternity equal

with another eternal being.

The eternir/ of the Son'j generation, and his
ecet/rnlty and confubflantiality with the Father,
when he came down from heaven, and was incar-
nate. iIa7nmond't Furtdamentalt.
COE'VAL. adf. [coeevus, Latin.]

1. Of the fame age.

Even hii teeth and white, like a young flock,
Caci-j/, and ncv.'-(horn, from the clear brook
Recent. Prior,

2. Of the fame age with another : follow-
ed by ivith.

Tins religion cannot pretend to be coeval ivith
man. Hj/t,

The monthly revolutions of the moon, or tlie
diurnal of the earth upon its own axis, by the very
hypothecs, arc coeval -with the former. Bentlcy.

Silence, coeval ivith eternity !
Thou wert, ere nature firfl began to be :
'Twas one vail nothing all, and all flept fort in
thee ! p„p,,

3. Sometimes by to.

_ Although we had no monuments of religion an-

/ cienter than idolatry, we have no ri-afon to con-

dudethat idolatrous religion v/is, coeval to mankind.

Hale\ Origin of Mankind.

Coe'val. m. f. [from the adjcdlivc.] A
contemporary ; but properly one not
only living at the fame time, but of the
fame time of life.

As it were not enough to have outdone all your
coevals io wit, you will excel them in good-nature.

Po/>,.

CoE vous, ac//. [coeevui, Lat.] One of
the fame age.

Th-n it Hiould not have been th? firil, as fup-
pofing fuuK other thing ikv>ui to it. South.

C O F

T'e CoExi'sT. 'V. It. [con a.ndexiJfo, Latin.]

1. To exift at the fiime time.

The three ftars that cccxiji in heavenly conftclla-
tions, areamaititudeof ftjrs. Halr'sOrig.ofMank,

Ot fubftances no one has any clear idea, farther
than of certain fiiiiplc ideas cocxjling together.

Locke»

2. Followed by "uuth.

It is fufficier.t that we have the idea of the
length of any regular periodical appearances, which
we can in our minds apply to durjtion, toiib
which the motion or appearance never cotxijicd.

Locku
COEXl'sTENCE. n.f. [from fflf.V//?.]

1. Having exiftence at the fame time with
another : with to.

Lccke, who in the preceding lines has
coexifed-iaith, has here coexijlence to.

The meafuring of any duration, by fonic mo-
tion, depends not on the real coexijhnce of thi;t
thing to that motion, or any otiier periods of revo-
lution. Lockft

2. More commonly followed by ivith.

We can demonftrate the being of G<jd'5 eternal
ideas, and their coexiflcncc ivith him. Grciv'i C^j\
CoEXi'sTENT. adj. [from ccexiji.]

1 . Having exiftence at the fame time with
another : with to.

To the meafuring the duration of any thing
by time, it is not requifite that that thing ihould
be cocxijlent to the motion we nicalure by, or any
other periodical revolution. Lock^\

2. Sometimes ivith.

This proves no antecedent neccflity, but coexijlcnt
ivith the aft. BrainhalTi Avfiver to Holies.

Time is taken for fo much of duration as is
coexijlent ivith the motions of the great bodies of
the univerfe. Locke,

All that one point is either future or pad, and
no parts are coexijient or contemporary ivith it.

BentUy.
To Coexte'nd. 11. a. [con and extendo,
Latin.] To extend to the fame fpace or
duration with another.

Every motion is, in fume fort, coexicmtri with
the body moved. Gnw's Cofmologia.

Coexte'nSion. »./ [Cmm coextend,] The
aft or ftate of extending to the fame fpace
or duration with another.

Though it be a fpirit, 1 find it is no inconveni-
ence to have fome analogy, at lead of coextenfion,
with my body. Ha!e^

CO'FFEE. n.f. [It is originally Arabick.
pronounced ctiheu by the Turks, and
cahunh by the Arabs.] The tree is a
fpecies of Arabick jcfTamii-.e.

It is found to fuccccd js well in the Caribbee
iflands as in its native place of growth ; but whe-
ther the coffee produced in the Weft Indies will
prove as good as that from Mocha in Arabia
Felix, time will difcover. Miller.

CofFEZ denotes a diink prepared from the
berries, very familiar in Europe for thcfe eighty
years, and among the Turks for one hundred and
fifty. Thevenot, the traveller, wai the firft who
brought it into P'rancej and a Greclc fervant,
called Pafqua, brought into England by Mr. Daniel
Edwards, a Turky merchant, in 1652, to make
his c'ffie, firft fet up the profefiion of coftecman,
and introduced the diink among us. Chctmlcn,

""hey have in Turky a drink called cojf'ec, made
of a berry of the fame nam", as black as" foot, and
of a ftrong fccnt, but not arojnatical ; which they
ta'ce, beaten into powJer, in wa er, as hot as they
can drink it. This drink comforteth the br.iin
an 1 hi:art, and helpcth digcftion. Bacon.

To part her time 'twixt reading and buliea,
Or o'er cold ciffce trifle with the f| oon. Pope.

Co'ffeehousk. rt.j'.[coJ'a and houfe.] A
houfe of entertainment wi.ere coffee is

io\d,

C O F

fold, and the guefts are fiipplied with
news-papers.

At ten, from coffecboujt or play
Rcniriiing, gniihes the day. Pr'nr.

It is a point they do not cmccrn themfelvcs
about, farther than perhaps as a fubjcA in a affa-

tluft. S^viJ't.

Co'ffeeman. ti.f. [cojee -And man.] One
that keeps a coAce-houfe.

Confider your enemies the LaceJemonians ; did
ever yuu hear that they preferred a ctffumati to
Agefiiaus ? Addifin.

Co'ffeepot. k. /. [coffee AnA pot ."^ The

covered pot in which coffee is boiled.
CO'FFER. n.J. [cope, Saxon.]

1. A chell generally for keeping money.

Two iron cojfcn hung on cither (idc,
' With precious metal fuli as they coulJ hold.

Fairy Stuecn.
The lining of his eoffni fliall make coats
To deck our loldicis lor thcfc lri(h wars.

Shjhfffinre'i Richard 11.

If you defVroy your goveniour that is weaitliy,

you muJ> chufe ar;other, who will fill his c*i£cri

out of what is lelu L'EJirjnge.

2. Treafure.

He would dif>:harge it without any burthen to
the <]ueen's ct,ffen, for honour fake.

Bjcvii'i Ailvke to ViiJUrt*

3. •[In architefture.] A fquare deprefl'ure
in each interval between the modillions
of the Corinthian cornice, ufually filled
with fome enrichment. Chambers.

4. [In fortification.] A hollow lodgment
acrofs a dry moat, from lix to feven foot
^eep, and from fixteen to eighteen*
broad ; the upper part being made of
pieces of timber, raifed two foot above
the level of the moat ; which little ele-
vation has hurdles laden with earth for
its covering, and ferves as a parapet
with embrafures. Chambers.

To Co'ffer. 'V. a. [from the noun.] To
treafure up in chelts.

Treafure, as a war might draw forth, fo a peace
fucceeding might coffer up. Baccv's Henry VJl.

Co'ffer ER oy the King's Houfehold. n.f
A principal officer of his majefty's court,
next under the comptroller, that, in the
compting-houfe and elfewhere, hath a
fpecial overfight of other officers of the
houfehold, for their good demeanour in
their offices. Co'wcll.

COTFIN. n.f. [co/», French.]

1. The box or cheft in which dead bodies
are put into the ground. It is ufed both
of wood and other matter.

He went as if he had been the ciffin that carried
himfelf to his fepulchre. SiJmy.

Not- a flower fwcet
On my black re^^'n let there be Drown.

Stakeff'ccire's 1'ivclfth Nig/.!.
One fate they have,
The (hip their coffirr, and the fea tlvir grave, ff^all.
The joiner Is fitting fcrews to ycur cc^n. Snvift,

2. A mould of parte for a pye.

Of the parte a c^ffir will 1 rear.
And make two paliies of your Jhamcful heads.

Skahffcarc.

3. A paper cafe, in form of a cone, ufed
by grocers.

4. In farriery.

Corns of a horfe, is the whole hoof of the foot
above the coronet, including the ccffin bone. The
t!,Jpn bone is a fmall fpongy bone, inclofed in the
inidft of the houf, and |H)fltffing the whole form
•I the foot. Ferricr'i Dia.

5

COG

ToCo'ffik. v. a. [from the noun.] To
inclofe in a coffin.
- Would'ft thou have laugh'd had I come nfiti'd

home.
That weep'lLto fee me triumph ? Shak^ Ccrklanut,

I.et me lie
In prifon, and here be co^rCdy when I die. Donne.
Co'ffinmaker. «. /. \_coffin and maker.']
One whofe trade is to make coffins.

Where will be your fextons, ctfinmatcrt, and
plummets ? TatUr.

To COG. 1/. a. [A word of uncertain ori-
ginal, derived by Skinner from coqueliner,
French.]

I. To flatter; to wheedle j to footh by adu-
latory fpeeches.

I'll mountebank their loves,
Ca^ their hearts from them, and come home belovM
Of all the trades in Rome. Shakefp. Cvriolanus.
z. To Cog a die. To fecure it, fo as to
direft its fall ; to falfify.

But then my ftudy was to cog the dice.
And dext'roully to throw the lucky fice.

Dryden'i Fcr. Satires.
For guineas in other men's breeches,
Vour gamefters will palm and will cog.

Sifift.

Ye gallants of Newgate, whofe fingers aic nice

In diving in pockets, or cogging of dice. Swift.

3. To obtrude by falfehood.

The outcry is, that I abufc liis demonftration
by a falfification, by cogging in the word.

TUktfon, Preface.
I have cogged in the word to fervc my turn.

Stittingfleet.

Fuftian tragedies, or inlipid comedies, have, by

concerted applaufes, been cogged upon the town for

marterpieces. ' Dennis.

To Cog. 'V. «. To lye ; to wheedle.

Now ftealcth he, now will he crave ;
And now will iie cofen and cog. Tujfcr.

Mrs. Ford, I cannot cog ; I cannot prate, Mrs.
Ford ; now ihall 1 fin in my wi(h.

Stakcff care's Merry ff^ives of ff^mdfcr.

COG. «./. The tooth of a wheel, by which
it aiSs upon another wheel.

To Cog. 1/. a. [from the noun.] To fix cogs
in a wheel.

Co'cENcy. n. /. [from eogeKt.] Force "<
ftrength ; power of compelling ; con-
viftion.

Maxims and axioms, principles of fciencc, be-
caufc they arc felf-evident, have been fuppofed in-
nate J although nobody ever Ihewcd the foundation
of tlieir cleainefs and cogency. Locke.

CO'GENT. adj. [cogens, Latin.], Forci-
ble ; refilllefs ; convincing ; powerful ;
having the power to compel convidUon.

Such is the cogent force ni nature. Prior.

They have contrived methods of deceit, one re-
pugnant to another, to evade, if polfible, this moll

cogent proof of a Deity.

Bentley.
Cogently, adv. [from cogent ."^ With
refilllefs force ; forcibly ; ib as to force
coaviftion.

They forbid us to hearken to thofe proofs, as
weak or fallacious, which our own exigence, and
the fenfiblc parts of the univerfc, offer fo clearly
and cogcr.tly to our thoughts. Locke.

Co'gcer. n.f. [from To cef.] A flat-
terer ; a wheedler,
Co'ggleston E. n.f. [cuogolo, Ital.] A
little ftone ; a fmall pebble. Skinner.
Co'gitable. adj. [{rom cogito, Latin.]
That which may be thought on ; what
may be the fiibjeft of thought.
To CO'GITATE. m. n. [cogito. Lat.] To
think. Din.

Gogita'tion. »./. [cogitatio, Latiti.j

COG

1. Thought; the aft of thinking.

Having their eogitaiioni darkened, and b;ing
ftrangers from the life of God, from the4gnorance
which is in them. llorkcr.

A pidure puis me in mind of a friend : the
intention of the mind, in feeing, is carred to the
objeft reprefented ; which is no more than fimp'c
cogitation, or a^prchenfion of the pcrfon. Stilling f.

This Defcartcs ptovcs that brutes have no cogl*
tat'un, becaufe they could never be brought to fig-
ni^ their thoughts by any artificial figns.

Rety en the Creation,

Thefe powera of eogiiatior., and volition, and fen-
fation, are neither inherent in matter as fuch, nor
acquirable tu matter by any motion and'modificatiun
of it. Bentley.

2. Purpofe ; refleflion previous to aflion.

The kinj, pcrcciviil^ that his dcfircs were in-
temperate, and his lagitaticns vaft and irregular,
began not to brook him well. Bacon's Henry VII.

3. Meditation; contemplation; mental
fpeculation.

On fome great charge cmploy'd
He feem'd, or fixt in eogitation deep. ATilt. Par. Loji.

Co'gitative. adj. [from cogito, Latin.]

1. Having the jK)wer of thought and re-
fleftion.

if thefe powers of cogitation and fenfatinn are
neither inherent in matter, nor acquirable to mat-
ter, they proceed from fime cogitative fuhllance,
which we call fpiri: and foul. Bentley.

2. Given to thought and deep meditation.

The earl had the dofer and more rcferved coun-
tenance, being by nature more cogitative. H^otton.
Cogna'tion. n.f. [cognatio, Latin.]

1. Kindred ; defcent from the fame origi-
nal.

Two vices I fliall mention, as being of near cog..
ration to ingratitude ; pride, and hard-heartednefs,
or want of companion. South.

Let the criticks tell me what ceitain fen^i; they
could put upon either of thefe four words, by tiieir
mere cognation with each other. JVatts on the Mind.

2. Relation ; participation of the fame na-
ture.

He induceth us to afcribe effefls unto caufes of
no cognation. Brorvn's J^ulgar Errours.

Cognisef.'. n.f. [Inlaw.] He to whom
a fine in lands or tenements i» acknow-
ledged. Ccivell.

Co'gnisovr. n.f. [In law.] Is he that
pafleth or acknowledgeth a fine in lands
or tenements to another. Cotuell.

COGNI'TION. n. f. [cognitio, Latin.]
Knowledge ; complete conviftion.

I, will not be mylclf, nor have eogiiiiion
Of what I feel : 1 am all patience.

Shakejpearc'i Troilus and Crefftda.
Cod, as he created all things, fo is he beyond
and in them all ; not only in power, as under his
fubjc^ion ^ or in his prefence, as in his cognition i
but in their very elfcncc, as i:j the foul of their
caufalitics. Brcii-ns Vulgar Errours.

Co'gnitive. adj. [fiom ccgnitus, Latin. 1
Having the power of knowing.

Unlefa the unuerftanding employ and excrclfeits
cognitive or apprchenfivc power about thefe terms,
there can be no actual apprch'.:nfion of them.

South'! Sermons.
Co'gnizable. etdj. [cogrtoifable , Fr.]

1. That falls under judicial notice.

2. Liable to be tried, judged, or exa-
mined.

Some are merely of ccclcr:;jftlcal cognizance j
others of a mixed nature, fuch as are ccgnixalle
both in the ecclefialtical and fecular courts.

Ayliffe's Parergon,
Co'gnizance. n.f. [conncifancr, Fr.]
I. judicial notice; trial; judicial auttio*
rity.

C O H

It is worth the wbitcj however, to eonCJcf how
¥.*c may diicountenance and prevent thofc evils
which the law can talce no co^wzanff of. L'EJlr.

Happincfs or mifery, in converfe with others, de-
pends upon things which humaa lawj can talce no
citgrhianceof. Satih.

The moral crime is completed, there are only
eircumftances wanting to work it up tor the c-ig-
n\T.arct of the law. jlddijen.

2. A badge, by which any one is known.

And at the king's going away the earl's fervants
ftood, in a fecmiy manner, in their livery coats,
with eogrtlxjrces, ranged on both fides, and made
the king a bow. Bacca'i Iknry VII.

Thele were the proper eognixaitces and coat-arms
of the tribes. Brouit'i yuhar Erroun

COGNCyMINAL. adj. [cognomen, Lat.]
Having the fame name.

Nor do thofe animals more refemble the crea-
tur-.» on earth, than they on earth the conftella-
tionJ which pafs under animal names in heaven ;
not the dog-filh at fea much more make nut the
' dog of the land, than his ccgmm'mal or namefakc
in the heavens. Brmot'i fulgar Ertsurz.

Cocnomlva'tion. n./. Iccgnonun, La-
tin.]

1 . A furnarae ; the name of a family. .

2. A name added from any accident or
quality.

Pompey dafervcd the name Ctera : Alexander,
of the fame cogrcmimttion, was generaliflimo of
f^fi:". Bmi:n.

COGNO'SCENCE. »./ [cogiu/co.Lit.]
Knowledge ; the ftate or adt of knowings

Difl.
CocNo'sciBLE. adj. [cognD/co, Lat.] That
may be known j being the olyeft of
knowledge.

The Cimc that it fald for the redundance of mat-
ters inte.ligible and ccgr.cJciHr in things natural,
may be applied to things artificial.

Hale'i Origin I,/ Munk'wil.

To COHA'BIT. V. n. [cohatito, Latin.]
I . To dwell with another in the fame place.

The Phiiiftincs wcic worlled Ijy the captivated
ark, which foraged their country more than a con-
quering army : they were not able to cchabit wiOi
that h ly thing. South.

a. To live together as hulband and wife.

He knew her not to be hi» own wife, and yet
had a delign to (chabit with her as fuch.

Eiitdtt^s Serrn'r:.
Coha'bitakt. n.f. [from eobabit.'^ An
inhabitant of the Jiime place.

Tbe opprefled Indians protc.'l againll that hea-
ven where the Spaniards are to be the'it ahMtanti.
Dscay tf PirlJ.

Cohabita'tion. *./ [from re/W///.]

1 . The aifl or ftate of inhabiting tlie fame
place with anoiher. •

2. The ft,iie of living together as married
perfons. ,

Which dcfefl, though it could not evacuate a
marriaje after ccbatiraikr, and aflual confumma-
tion, jet it was enough to make void a contract.
' Biitm't Henry Vll,

■* MonGeur Brumari, at on; hundred and two
yeatt, died for love ol his wife, who was ninety-
two at her death, after Icventy jcjis aietitiitkn.

'i'lUUr.
Cohf/ir. ». / [tohcrret, Lat.] One of
feveral among whom an inheritance i.<
divided.

Married perfons, and -Aidows, and virgins, arc
all r«ifir« in the inheritance of Jcfus, if thoy live
with;ntht lawsof ilicirel.aw. '/^yhrilhly Lniing,
Cohe'iress. «./. [from coljeir-l A wo-
man who has an equal fiiare o<"an inhe-
ritance with other women.
Vol. 1.

C O H

TVCOHE'RE. v.n. [coUree, Latin.]
« . To flick together ; to hold ftil one to
another, as parts of th^ fame mafs.

Two pieces of marble, having their furface ex~
a£ily plain, polite, and applied to each other in
fuch a manner as to intercept the air, do nbtre
firmly together as one. ff^oaJviarJ.

We find that the force, whereby bodies cebcre,
is very much greater wlien they cjme to injme-
diate contaS, than when they are at ever fo fmall
a finite diftance. Cheyre's Pbihfifhical Frirciflet.

None want a place ; for all, their centre found.
Hung to the goddefi, and cohered around ;
Not clofer, orb in orb conglob'd, are feen
The buzzing bees about tlieir du/ky queen.

Pcfit Dur.eiaJ.

2. To be well connefted ; to follow re-
gularly in the order of difcourfe.

3. To fuit ; to fit ; to be fitted to.
Had time «A«r'<< with place, or place with wiih-

ing. Staieffeare.

4. To agree.

Cohe'rence. 1 /. r r • r • -1

CoHE'RENcy. j "--^ [ccUrenCa. Latin.]

1. That ftate of bodies in which their
parts are joined together, from what
caule foever it proceeds, fo that they
refift divulfion and feparation ; nor can
be feparated by the fame force by which
they might be fimply moved, or, being
only laid upon one another, might be
parted again. ^incy.

The preHure of the air will not explain, nor can
be a caufc of, the ecberaut of tbe particks of air
themfelves. ioi,(,.

Matter is either fluid or folid ; words that may
comprehend the middle degrees between extreme
fixcdnefs and cphenrcy, and the moft rapid intef-
tine morion. Bimlty.

2. Connexion; dependency; the relation
of parts er things one to another.

It Aiall be no trouble to find each controverfy's
refting- place, and the «i«Tf»«i; hath with things,
either on which it dependeth, or which depend on
't» Hooker, Prefect.

Why between fermont and faith (hould thcie \>c
ordinarily that cohtrenct, which caufes have with
their ufual effeits? _ Honier.

3. The texture of a difcourfe, by which
one part follows another regularly and
naturally.

4. Confiftency in reafoning, or relating,
fo that one part of the difcourfe does
not deftroy or contrudidl the reft.

Ccbirtncc oi' difcourfe, and a dire^ tendency of
all tbe parts of it to the argument in hand, arc
moil eminently to be found in him.

Locke's Prtfacc 10 St. PauPt EfiJlUi.
Cohe'rent. adj. [cohetrens, Latin.]
I . Sticking together, fo as to refift fepara-
tion.

By coagulating and diluting, that i:, making
their parts more or Icfs toktrtnt. Arhutb. on Al'-.m.

Where all mud full, or not nbcrtnt be;
And ail that rifcs,'tilc iii due degree.

P'ifi't EJfay on Man.

t. Connefted ; united.

The mind proceeds from the knowledge itflands
poflelli-d of aiready, to that -.vhich lies next, and
is cobrrfiit to it, and fo on to what it aims at.

Locke.

3. Suitable to fometbing elfe ; regularly
adapted.

InftruA my daughter,
That time and place, wiilithis deceit fo lawful,
M ly prove coherent. Stak. M'lmell thai ends trc'.l,

4. Confiftcnt ; not contradiftory to itfelf.
A eohireni thinker, and a ftrifl rcafnner, is not

to be made at once by a fct of rules. K'alli'i Leg.

C O I

Cohe'sion. »./. [from echere.^

1. The aft of flicking together.

Hard particles heaped together touch in a few
points, and muft be ieparable by lefs force than
breaks a folid particle, whofe parts touch in all
the fpace between them, without any pores or in-
terftices to weaken their cohrjicn. Nrtiton'i Opt.

Solids and fluids difl^er in the degree of eibcjten,
which, being increafcd, turns a fluid into a folid.
Arhuibvpt on jil'tmcms,

2. The ftate of union or infeparability.

What caufe of their cohift^n can you find?
What props fupport, what chains the fabrick bind ?

Biackmvre.

3. Conneftion ; dependence.

In their tender years, ideas that have no natural

cobcjion come to be united in their heads. Locke.
Cohe'sivb. adj. [from cohere.] That lias

the power of flicking to another, and of

refilling feparation.
Cohe'siveness. «./ [from coheji-ve.] The

quality of being cohefive ; the quality

of refifting feparation.
To Cohi'bit. -v. a. [cohii-eo, Lat.] To

reftrain ; to hinder. Ditl.

To CO'HOB.4TE. "j. a. To pour the dif-

tilled liquor upon the remaining matter,

and diftil it again.

The juices of an animal body are, as itflvere,
ctbciated, being excreted, and admitted again irt«
the blood with the trefh aliment. Arbuik.onAlim,
Cohoba'tion. n.f. [from cohobatg.'\ A
returning any dillilled liquor again up.
on what it was drawn from, or upon
frefli ingredients of the fame kind, to
have it the more impregnated with their
virtues. ^tincy,

OJiihation is the pouring tlie liquordlflilled from
any thing back upon the remaining matter, and
diftilling it again. Lotkt.

This oil, dulcified by cohohattm with an aroma-
tized fpirit, is of ufe to reftore the digeftlvc fa-
culty. Cremi's Mu'gum.

Co'hort. n.f. [colon, Latin.]

A troop of foldiers in the Roman ar-
mies, containing about five hundred foot.

The Romans levied as many cohorts, con^panies,
and enfigns, from hence, as from any of their pro-
vinces. ^ Camden.

2. [In poetical language.] Abodyofwar-
riours.

Th' arch-angelic pow'r prepar'd
For fwift defc"nt ; with him the cobcrt Bright
Of watchful cherubim. Milton's Paradife I-ifi,

9 Here Churc'nill, not fo prompt
To vaunt as fight, his hardy «/i(j/-rr join'd
With Eugene. PhUips's Blevhcim.

Cohorta'tion. n.f.J_coPjortatio, Latin.]
Encouragement by words ; incitement.

COIP, n. J', [coeffe, French ; from cofea,
for cucufu, low Lat.] The head-drcfs ;
a lady's cap ; the ferjeant's cap.

'I'ht juJges of tlie four circuits in Wales, al-
though they are not of the fiift mijjtutude, nor
ne::d be of the degree of the oif, yet are they con
fjderablc. Bacon s Advice to l^ilRci 1

No lefa a man than a btother of the coif hi^^ctv
his fuil, b^'ore lit bad been a (v/clvero'inth at the
Temple. . Addifcn, SfcQalor.

Inftcad of home-fpun /ci/i were fien
Cood pinners edg'd with colbertine. Swift.

Co'i Ft D. adj. [fiom^w/.] Wearing a coif.
Co'ivvvtiZ.<n>/, \_cceff'urt, Fr.j Head-
drefs. ■■■■■' ^-i

I am pleafrJ with the c.ijfuri now in fi^ion,

and think it (licws the gojd Jtrile of tlic v.; .bio

part of the fcx. " Ailc'iin.

X X C010;:a.

C O I

CoiGicB. ■*./ [An Iri(hicnn,asUfccm5.]

Fiti Thomas of DclVnonU began that extortion
of roi^nr and livrr)-, and pay; that is, he and hi$
army took hutfe meat and itiaa*s meac» and moneyy
at plcafure. David 9rt Inland,

COIGNE. »./ [French.]

1. A corner.

Nojuaing frinc,
Buttriccy nbr ceig^ne ot" vantagr, but this bird
H.'Ch niJilc his pendant bi:<l. Sbakiff-Macbtih,
See you yond' »iii u' ta' capitol> yond* corner
ftone ? Shakcfftare.

2. A wooden wedge ufed bv printers.

To COIL. 1/. a. [cutiUir, Fr.] To gather
into a narrow com pals ; as, to coii a
rope, to wind it in a i ing.

The lurking particles of air, (o expanding them-
felves, muft ncceSarily plump out tlw fides of jhe
bladde-, and fo keep them turgid, until tht: pref-
furc c;' thie air, that at firil coikd them, be re-ad-
mitted to do the fame thing again. Baylt.

Coil. »./. [hlleren. Germ.]

1. Tumult; turmoil; buftle ; flir ; hurry;
confufion.

who WIS fo firm, fo conllant, that this csil
Would not infedt his rcafon. Shakefp. temfiji.

You, miftrels, all this en/ is 'long a£.you. Shak.

In that fleep uf death, what dreams may come,
When we have Ihuffled o(i this mortal ciil,
MuH give us paufe. Shakcjfeart'i Hamlet,

2. A rope wound into a ring.

Coin. n. f. \coign!, French.] A corner ;
any thing Handing out angularly ; a
fquare brick cut diagonally : called often
quoin. Or quint.
COIN. n. /. [by fome imagined to come
from cuneus, a wedge, becaufe metal is
cut in wedges to be coined.]
I. Money itamped with a legal impref-
fion.

He gave Dam:tas a good fum of gold In ready
tux, wltich Mcnalcas had bequeathed. SiJiuy,

You have made
Your holy hat be ilamp'd on the king's ri>iif.

/ Sbaie/fcare's HinryVlll.

I cannrit tdl how the ports will fuccecd in the

explication of r&ivs, to which they ate generally

Tcry great Itrangcrs. AJdipn.

She nnur cootraOs her raft defign,
And all her triumphs ihrink into a aiv. Pcft,

z. Payment of any kind.

The lofs of prefent advantage to flefti and blood,
is repaid in a nobler coin. Hammoitd^s FunJamtnta/s,

I'o CoiK. v. a, [from the noun,]

1. To mint or flatnp metals for money.

They cannot touch me for coining: I am the
king. Shakejpearc.

They never put ij pradlce a thing fo neceffary
»s f»i(H./ money is. Ptacbam. of Antiquities.

Te.iants cannot «i« rent juft al quarter- day, but
mud g.ither it by degcees. Locke.

Can IK be fure that this medal was really camel
by an artificer, or is but a produit ofthe foil from
whejice it was taken ? Bcniley.

2. To make or invent.

My lungs
Cain words til! their decny, agalnll thofe meafles
Wh.ch we difd;iin ibould teCer u5.

Sbjke/fieare^s Coriolanus.

J. To make or forge any thing,, in an ill
fenfe. •

Never coin a fjrmal lye on 't,
T« make the knight o'ercome the giant. HuJiirat.
Thofc motives induced Virgil Cu cnn his fable,

Drydca.
Some tale, fome new pretence, he daily (und,
To footh his filter, and delude licr mind.

DrydetCt yifgil.
A una it ceimJ to make the conveyance cily.

jitliriury.

C O I

Co'iKAOE. n,/. [from «/'».]

1 . The art or prattice of coining money.

The care of tnt ttmage was committed to the in-
ferior magiftrates; and .1 don't find that they bad
a publick trial, as wc fulcmnly practifein this coun-
try. j4rbutbr::t.

2. Coin ; money ; (lamped and legitimated
metal.

This is conceived to be a ccinage of fome Jews,
in derlfion of Chiillians, who firll began that por-
trait. , Bro-wn,
Moor was forced t» leave off coining, by the
^eat crowds of people continually oftcring to re-
turn hh coinage upon him. Swift.

3. The charges of coining money.

4. New produdion ; invention.

Unncceifary toinag', as-wdl as unnecclTary re-
vival of words, runs into aUeftatioo ; a fault to
be avoided on cither hand.

Dryden's fuvenal. Dedication.

5. Forgery; invention.

This is the very coinage of your brain;
Thisbodikfs creation ecfticy
Is very cvinniny in. Shakefff^rt' s Hamhi.

To COlNCrbE. V. n. [ceincii/o, Latin.]

1 . To fall upon the fame point ; to meet
in the fame point.

If the equator and ecliptick had coincided, it
would have rendered tlie annual revolution of the
earth ufelcfs. Cbtjne.

2. To concur ; to be confiftent with.

The rules of right judgment, and of good ra-
tiucioation, often coincide with each other.

tyatts's Loritk.'

Coi'ncidence. n. /. [from ccinciJe!\

1. The ftate of feveral bodies, or lines,
falling upon the fame point.

An univerfal equilibrium, arifiiig from the coin-
cidence of infinite centres, can never be naturally
acquired. Btntlcy.

2. Concurrence ; confillency ; tendency of
many things to the fame end ; occur-
rence of many things at the fame time.

The very cojicurrencc and coincidence of fo many
evidences that contribute to the proof, carries a
great weight. Jiaic.

3. It is followed by •with.

The C'/iricidencc of the planes c^f this rotation
tvitb one another, and with the plane of the eclip-
tick, is vear near the truth.

Cbcyne's Pbihfophieal Principles.
Coi'ncident. adj. [from coincide,']

1 . Falling upon the fame point.

Thefe circles I viewed through a prifm ; and,
as 1 went from them, they came nearer and nearer
together, and at length became coincident.

Nrtuton's Optich.

2. Concurrent; confiftent; equivalent:
followed by luith.

Chriiiianlty teaches nothing but what is per-
fcQIy fijicable to and coincident iviih the ruling prin-
ciples of a virtuous and well inclined man. Scatb.

Thcfe words of our apollc arc exadlly coincident
with that controverted palTage in his difcourfe to
the Athenians. Bcniley.

Coindica'tion. n. /. [from coit .and
indico, Latin.] Many fymptoms beto-
kening the fame caufe.
Co'iNER. n.f. [from «/«.]
I. A maker of money ; a minter; a Ham-
per of coin.

My father was 1 know not where
When I was llatnpt : fome coiner with his tools
Male me a counterfeit. Sbakifpeare's Cynibeline.
It is eafy to find defigns that never entered into
the thoughts of the fculptor or the coiner.

jiddiftn on Medais.
There arc only two patents referred to, Iwth Icfs
advantageous to the ainer dun llii& ot \Vo')d.

Svtif'.

COL

2. A counterfeiter of the king's ftimp |
a maker of bafe money.

3. An inventor.

Uionyfius, a Creek cointr of etymologies, it
commended by Atb.cnxus. C.jntdcn's Remains,

To Cojo'tv. f. ». [cmjunge, Lat.] To join
with another in the fame office.
Thou may'ft cjAn with fomething, and thou
- doft.
And that beyond commiflion. Sbak.Txoe'f. Night,

Co'iSTRiL. n.f, A covyard ; a runaway :
corrupted from ktfirtl, a mean or dege-
nerate hawk.

He 's a cdward and a coifirit, that will not drink
to my niece, Sbaktfpeare's Ttvelfth Night,

CoiT. «./. [.fc/^, a die, Dutch.] A thing
thrown at a certain mark. Sec Quoit.

The time they wear out at coits, kayles, or the
like idle cxcrcJfcs. Carcw^s Survey of Ccrnvail,
Coi'tion, »,/, [ra/>/», Latin,]

1. Copulation; the 3(51 of generation.

I cannot but admire that philoflphers fliould
imagine frogs to fill from the clouds, confidering
how openly they aft their coition, produce fpawn,
tadpoles, and frogs. Ray on the Creation,

He is not made ptoduftive of liis kind, but by
coitir.n with a female, Grew*s CcfmoUgia,

2, The ad by which two bodies come to-
gether.

By Gilbertus this motion is termed ccititm, not
rrade by any faculty atcraftive of one, but a fyn.
drome and concnurfe of each. Brown*t yulg. Err,

Co K E . n.f. [ Perhaps from coquo. Skinner. ]
Fewel made by burning pit-coal under
earth, and quenching the cinders ; as
charcoal is made with wood. It is fre-
quently ufed in drying malt.

Co LANDER, n,/. icolo, to ftrain, Lat.]
A fieve either of hair, twigs, or metal,
through which a mixture to be fep,arated
is poured, and which retains the thicker
parts ; a ftrainer.

Take a thick woven ofier colander.
Thro' which the prclfed wines are ftralned clear.

All the vifcera of the body are but as fo many
colanders to feparate feveral juices from the blood.
Ray en the Creation,

The brains from »ofe and m^uth, and cither car,
Came KTuing forth, as through a colander
The curdled milk. Drydnr.

Cola'tion. n.f. [from colo, Lat.] The.

art of filtering or ftraining.
Co'i.ATURE. tt.f. [from co/o, Lat.]

1. The art of ftraining ; filtration.

2. The matter ftrained.
Co'lbektine. n,/. A kind of lace worn

by women.

Go, hang out an old fvilbneer gorget, with a^
yard of yellow ctltcrtitu again.

C-.ngrc'jc's IVay oflbefPirUt.
DifTrcncc rof* between
Mechlin, the <iucen of lace, and CJtcrtine, Vcunr,

Co'i.coTHA». n. /. A term- in chymiftry.

Col othar is the dry fubftance which remains alter

d liiUa.ion, but commonly the caput mortuam of

vitriol. ^incv.

Colcothir, or vitriol burnl,thou>ilt unto a rednc^,

containing the fixed fait, will make good ink.

BmvK,
COLD. adj. [colb, Saxon ; k.->li, German.]
1, Not hot ; not warm; gelid; wanting
warmth; being without heat.

TJic diet in the ftato of manhood ought to be
foUd ; and their chief drink water cold, becaufc in
fudi a iUce it hat its own natural fpirit,

ArbutkM ia Aliments,
Ths

COL

The aggregated foil
~I)eath, Vtth his mace petrifick, cM, and dryi
As with a trident, fmote. Millori.

2. Caufmg fenfe of cold.

Bids us feek
Some better &r<mdf ..jvne better warmth, to cherifh
Our limbs bcnnnib'd, ere this diurnal (tar
Leave cnld the night, how we his gathered beams
Reft-^^ed may with matter fere foment. Jiiihcn.

3. Chill; (hivering; having fenfe of cold.

O noble £iigli{h, that could entertain.
With half thf ir forces, the fu.l power of France j
And let another ha.f Sand laughing by.
All out of Work, and c:ld for aAion.

Sbakefpeare^i Henry V.

4. Having cold qualities ; not volatile;
not acrid.

Co'd plants have a quicker perception of the heat
of the fun than the hot herbs ; as a cM hand will
fooner find a little warmth than an hot*

Bamr's Natural Hijl'.ry.

5. Indifferent ; frigid ; wanting paffion ;
wanting zeal ; without concern ; un-
aftive ; unconcerned ; wanting ardour.

There fprung up one kind nf men, with whofe
zeal and fotwardncfs the reft being compared, were
thought to be marvellous ecid and dull.

Ih'kfr^s Ft-tface,
Infinite /hall be made ca/./ in religion, by your
eiample, that ne^er were hurt by reading books.

AJtkam.
Temp'ratcly proceed to what you would
Thus violently redrefs. Sir, thefe caW ways,

That fccOT like prudent helps, are very poifinous.

Shakejpcare.
New dated letters thefe,
Their cM intent, Aenour, and fubftance thus ;
Here doth he wifti his perfon, and his power.
The which he coulJ not levy. Shaliff. Henry IV.
We (hould not, when the blood was aid, h3\ c
thieatencd our prifoners with the fword.

Shakfjpeare^i Cymbeline*
To fee a world in dames, and an hod of angels
in the clouds, one mud be much of a ftoick to be
a tM andnuKoncerned fp^fbtor.

Burntt'i Pnfjcr ti ibtThciry if tht Earth.
■ ■ •-■ No drum or trumpet needs

T' infpire the coward, or to warm the cdj-y
Hii voice, his fole appearance, makes ciiem bold.

Dtyden,
O, thou haft toucb'd ise with thy (acred theme.
And my aid heart is kindled at thy flame. Rnm.
A man mift be of a vry (c/J dr degenerate tem-
per, whofe heart d^rh not br.rn vvirli'n him in the
midllof praife and adoration., Milifiti'i yrctholdir.

6. UnafFeding; unable tO: move the paf-

fions. 'I '

What a deal of told bufincfs doth a man taif[>end'
the better part of life in r In kattering compti
Dients, u-iwcriagviCts, foU::wing fealis and pU)^;

B<n 'Jonf.n.
The rabble are pleafcd at the firft entiy of a
difguife; but thejeft grriws V^/i/ evin with them'
too, when it comes on in a fccond fcene.

jiildijrm'on Italy*

7. Refert-ed ; coy ; not affeftionatej nptj
cordial ; not friendly. . . ■ .. _ ,

Let hit knights have cMcr looks i !
Among you. . SLakcJpeart^t Kitt^Lear*

The cotnmiflioners grew more rcfcrved, and
co/</.T towards ea'-h other. C/artndon.

8. ChaAe ; not heated by vitious appetite.

You ni.ty
Convey your pleafures in a fpa*.ittus plenty^
And yet fcem fcW, the time ynu inav in iioodwink ;
We've willing dames enough. Shaltff>. Matteih.

9. Not welcome ; not received with kind-
nefs or warmth of afFeftion.

M) mailer's fuit Will be but <ild.
Since Ihe rcrpefc^'> /ny miftrcfe' lov.

Shohcjjirvn'i Tifi Gtrtlemen of Ver/na.i

10. Not haft)'; not •violent. '
1 1* jNot affefUHj^the fccnt ilrohgl/.

COL

She made it gwd
At the hedge corner, in the coldeft fault. Stjiefp.

12. Not having the fenfe ftrongly aiFeded.

Smell this bulinefs with a fenSe as co/d
As is a dead man's nofe. Shakeff. iV'nuri Tale-
Cold. ». / [from the adjeftive.]

1. The caufe of the fenfation of cold ; the
privation of heat ; the frigoriCcit power.

Fair lined flippers tor the ca/J. Shakejpiare.

Heat and cold are nature's t^vo hands, » herehy
She chiefly worketh : and heat we have in teadi-
nefs, in rcfped: of the fire ; but for cold, we mull
(lay till it corr.cth. or feek it in deep caves, or high
mountains : and, when all is done, we cannot ob-
tain it in any great degree. Baceiit Nat. H'tfiwy.

The fun
Had firft his precept fo to move, fo fliinc.
As might affect the earth with cMurA heat
Scarce tolerable, and from the north to call
Decrepit winter, from the fouth to bring
SollVitial fummer's heat. Milltm.

2. The fenfation of cold } coldnefs; chil-
nefs.

When flic faw her lord prepar'd to part,
A deadly cMrin (hiv'ring to her heart. Dryd. Fjh.

3. A difeafe caufed by cold ; the obftruc-i
lion of perfplratlon.

What difeafe haft thou ?— .
A whorefon cold. Sir ; a cough. Shak. Henry IV.

Let no ungentle cold deftroy
All tafte we have of heavenly joy. Rofcommon.
Thofe rains, fo covering the earth, might pro-
videntially contribute to the difroption of it, by
ftopping all the pares and all evaporation, which
would make the vapours within llruggle violently,
as wc get a fever by a cold* ■ Buinef.

Co'ldly. aJ-v. [irom'eoU.']

1. Without heat.

2. Without concern ; indifferently; negli-
gently ; without warmth of temper or
cxpreffion.

What England fays, fay briefly, gentle lord ;
We coldly paufe for thee. Shakefpcare'i King'Jchn.
Swift fecm'd to wonder.what he meant,
Norwould believe my lord bad fent j 1 ,
So never oftcr'd once to ftir, .
But i-jy/y faid, Your fer*ant, Sir. Svlifl.

Cq'l Dx ESS. w. /[from «/'/.]

1. Want of heat; power of caufmg the
fenfation of cold.

He relates the exc'cHiTe'-h>il/«^'*Jf tfttf ■'vatir
they met with in furnvner in that icy regioiH where
they were forced to \»inter. Boyh't Ex/'tnmcntt.

Such was the difcord, which dtJ firlt difpcrle
Form, order, bea-jty, throUj^h tlie uiiivcrle j
While drfwr*»oM*Jrfi <«^«t/i hei)t relics, ,
All that we have, and that wc aVe, fi^fifts. . 4

perleam.,

2. Unconcern ; frigidity of temper ; want
of zeal; negligence; difregard.

Dirifions of religion are not only the ftirthcft
fpre.id, bccaufe in religion all men prefumc tliem-
fcVvcs iatereftcd ; b"t tlicy are alfo,' fyr tlic mo/t
part, hotlicr prnfctut^d : forafmueh as' ri./:i'»ir/i,
ohich, in other corttcntions, may be thought toj
proceed from Inodcrstii^n, isflotin thefe fqtavpu--
ablv condrucd. Hi:iker\ Dcdic^fi'yri,

if, upon reading admired paflages in authors, he
finds a coldneft and indifference in his thou^lit;,
lie ought to conclude, (that he himfclf want; the
faculty of difcovering them. j^dd'ijon.

It betrayed ItfeJf in a fort of indiffcrcrce and
carcl-nViefs in all her a^ioiiar and cdineji t6 her j
bed friends. ^ Artuihnot.;

3. Coynefs; want of kindnefs j ' jfraflti of,
paiUon.

Unhappy youth ! how will thy coldnefi taifc
Tempefts and dorms In his alfliftcd bofoni !

Add^on^t Ca!o*
■•r. Lettv'ry t«hguc its v^ious €cnfur«s chufe,
AbfolvcWitb cslJnefi, or with fpite actufc. frior.

COL

4. Chaftity ; exemption from vehement
defire.

The filver ftream her virgin coldnefz keeps,
For ever murmurs, and for ever weeps.

Pope's Windfor Forcjt.

COLE. n. /. [capl, Saxon.] A general
name fer all forts of cabbage.

Co'leseed. «. /. [from cole and y?#</.]
Cabbage feed.

Where land is ran!;, it is not good tofowwiieat
after a fallow; bat colrjeed or barley, and then
wheat. Msrtimer.

Co'i.EwoRT. n. /. [caplpyrit. Sax.] A
fpecies of cabbage.

The decoction of colcworu is alfo commended to
bathe them. M'ifcman of an Eryfipeiis.

She took the fo/fworfi, which her huibaiid got
From his own ground (a fmall wall-watcr'd fpot) ;
Slie rtripp'd the ftalks of all their leaves; the belt
She cull'd, and then witKhandy care flic drefs'd.

Drydct!,

How turnips hide their fwelling heads below.
And how the clofing ro/t-iuflrri upwards grow. Cay*

Co'lick. n. f. \colicus, Latin.]

It ftriftly is a dilorder of the colon ; but loofely,
any difordcr oi the flomach or bowcb that is at-
tended with pain. There arc four forts *. i. A bi-
lious col'iik, which proceeds from an abundance of
acrimony or choler irritating the bowels, fo as to
occafion continual gripes, and generally with a
loofcnel's ; and this is bell managed with lenitives
and emollients. 2. A flatulent col'ick, which is
pain in the bo>vels from flatufes and wind, which
diftend them into unequal and unnatural capaci-
ties ; .and this is managed with carminatives and
moderate openers. 3. An hyKerical colUk, which
aiilcs from difoiders of the womb, and is commu-
nicated by coni'ent of parts to the bowels ; and is
to be treated with the ordinary hyftcricks. 4. A
nervous col'ick, which is from convullivc fpat'msand
contortions of the guts themfelves, from foms dif-
orders of the fpirits, or nervous fluid, in their
component fibres ; whereby their capacities arc ia
many places flreightened, and fometime^ fo as to
occafion obftinate obftruftions : this is beft re-
medied by brilk catharticks, joined with opiates
and emollient diluters. There is alfo a fpecies of
this diftemper which is commonly called the ftone
colkk, by confent of parts, fron? the irritation ot"
the ftone or gravel in tVc bladdof or kidneys ; and
this ismoft commonly to be tr/ited by ncphritick*
and oily JiurcticUs, .tnd is grjitly aflifted with t.le
carminative turpentine clyftors. Sliijncy,

Cclicks of infants proceed from acidity, and ih--
air m the aliment expanding itfelf, while the ali-
ment ferments. Aihudtict*

Co'lick, adj.. Affefting the bowels.

Inteflinc hon<: a:id ulcer, colirk pangs. Milisu*

le Golla'pse.. t. ». [ccllabor, collapfusy
Latin.] To fall together ; to cloie fo
as that one fide touches the other.
'" In confumptioni and atrophy tlic liquids are ex-
hauflftd, and the ^dc5 or* the canals ccltapje ; therc-
■ fore the attritfoh is incrtafed, and confe<iuently
tiie heat. Arbuthnot on Diet*

Coi, I, A'psio.it. n.f. [from collet f/e.'\

1. The afl of clofing or collapfing.

2. The ilate of veflels clofed.
.CO'LLAR. n.f. [col/are, Latin.]

I. A ring of metal put round the neck.

That 'a notjiini;, fays the dog, but the fretting
of my collar t nay, fays the wolf, if there be a
etllar in the caft, i fcnov/ better things than to fell
mj'liberty. ' VEJirahge.

Tin tiratc jnd'more nf greyhounds ;
With (joldcn muizlcs all their mouths were bound.
And ,i;//d«of the fi.Tie their nicks furrnund.

Drydeii's FtHes*

2* The part of the harnefs that is fattened
about the horfe's neck.

X X 2 Hcf

C O 1.

H»T wajjen (fK>kM wait of long fpinnert legi,

The traces ot tl.c fnullell fpider's web.
The (Ul(jri of the noonfliioe's watr) boms.

3. The part of the drefs that furrounds the
neck.

4. To Jlip tf>e Cot LAR. To get free; to
efcape ; to difentangle hiuifelf from any
engagement or difficulty.

Vv hen, as the ape him heiid fo much to talk
Of labour, that did from his liking biulk,
He would hivt Jlift the cellar haiidfomely.

huhhcritt Tale.

5. .//Collar efBranxin, is the qaantity
bound up in one parcel.

Collar-bone. »./. [from coJlamndioiu.]
The clavicle ; the bones on each fide of
the neck.

A p.igc riding behind the coach Ml down,
bruifed his face, and broke his right (tVar-btnc.

H^ljcmiini Surgery.

To Co'llar. •». a. [from the noun.]
I . To feize by the collar j to take by the

throat.
8 . 9'e Co L L A R bnf, or other meat ; to roll

it up, and bind it liard and clofe with a

firing or collar.

7*0 COLLA'TE. v, a. [con/era, coUatam,'
Latin.]

1 . To compare one thing of the fame kind
with another.

Knowledge will be ever a wandering and Indi-
gerted thing, if it be but a commixture of a few
notions that are at hand and occur, and not ricitrd
from a fuflicienc number of inftances, and thofc
well lollaled. Bncin'i Natural lliftory.

They ciuld not relinijuilh their Judaifm, and
embrace Chrittijnity, without confidering, weigh-
ing, and ro/Z^irm; both religion;.' S<mth.

2. To collate books ; to examine if ho-
thing be wanting.

5. To bcitow ; to confer.

The figovricjnce of the facrament difpnfes the:
fpirit of the vcv:ver to admit the grace of the fpi-
lit or OoJ, tlvre conligned, exhibited, and cdhttd.

■4. With te. To place in an ecdefiaftical
benefice.

He ihruft out the invader, »nd collattJ Amfierf'
It the ben«fi«e: Luther performed the con(ccra.
tJon. Atttrbury.

If a patron (hjiU re^lea,to prefcnt »nto a bene-
fice, voM above bx ni«ntht, the bifiiop may ctllaie
tberc»B(r. Jlylifft.,

CoLLA'TBR'At. ^VffMand /«rt(/,Lati]
I. Side to fide.

In kia bright radiance and ttlUura! light
Ma« 1 be comforted, not iji his fphcre. Siaktff.

Thus ^ying, from hii raiUant feat lie rofe
Of high nOmtrnl glcry. " MUnn't Fartuliji iy?.
i, Running parallel.

3. Diffuitd on either fide.

But man by number is to matifelV
Hii- ingle imperfection ; and beset
t- 'u 01 his likr, his image mulnply'd
Au unity defective, which require!
Cfilaitral love and dcirell amity. Milt. Par. LoJI.

4. In genealogy, thofc that ftand in equal
relation to iome common anceftor.

The eftate and iehtritance of a perfon dying in- (
ieftatr, is, by right of devolution, according to the
tivil law, given to fuch Hi are allied to him tx Itttrt,
CODinionly rtyled tMaitrah, if there be no afccn-
dinu ot defctndants fiinriving at the time of his
*eath. .^lifftt Parenon.

5. Not direft ; not immediate.

They fhalJ hear ar.d judge 'twixt you and (pi ;
ll by dttedt 01 by tillatiTsI bud

COL

They finj us'toucb'd, v« will our kingdom glye
To you in fatisfaClion. Sbai^ftart.

6. Concurrent.

All the force of thf motive lies within itfelf : it
receives no ttlhtcral ftrengih from external onfi-
dciations. " yiticrbury.

Go L I. a't e r a l l y . adv. [ from ttUateral. ]

1. Side by fide.

'1 hcfe pullies may be miiltiplird according to
fundry different fitudtions, not only when they are
ftibotdinate, but alfo when tbcy are placed eiJlate-
ra/ly. mtkni.

2. Indireflly.

By aflertingthe fcripture tobe the canon of Our
faith, I have created two enemies : the papilh
more dirrdtly, becaufc tV.ey have kept tlie fcripture
from ■us ; and the fanaticks more cellttlrrjHj/, bc-
caufe they have aflumcd what amotmts to "--tn ;in-
fallibility in the private fpirit, Dryitei.

3. In collateral relation.
Colla'tion. n./. [collatit, La.t.J

1 . The acl of Conferring or beuowing j
gift.

Neither are we to give thanks alone for the firft
ctlUikn of thcfe benefits, but a'fi> for their prefer-
vation. Ray en the Cretttkn.

2. Comparifon of oBe copy, or one thing
of the fame kind, with another.

In the difquifition of truth, a ready fancy !s of
great ufe j provided that collation doth its office.
Crrw^i Cojmrlogla.
I return you your Milton, which, upon cn/Zdritn,
I find to be revifed aiid augmented in fcveral places.

Pcfe.

3. Inlaw.

Ctllatlon is the bedewing of a benefice, by the
bilhop that hath it in his own gift or patronage j.
and differs from inftitution in this, that inHitution
into a benefice is performed by the bilhop at the;
prefentatton of another who is patron, or hath the '
patron's right for the time. Cmvell. '

BiOiops fhould be placed by ctllaticn of the king
under his letters patent, without any precedent elec-
tion, or confirmation enfuing. HaywarJ.,

4. A repall ; a treat Icfs than a feaft." '
Collati'tious. a.-//', [collatltius, Lat.]!

Done by the contribution of many." '

Dia.

CoLl a'tOR.

I. One that
fciipts.

To read the tltbs they give an editor or collator
of a manufcript, you would take him for the glory
of letters. MtHJcn.

z. One who prefents to an ecclefiaiUcal
benefice. ;

A mandatory cannot interrupt an ordinary col-
latur, till a month is expired frbm the day of pre.

fentation. Ayhffe.

Te Colla'od. -v. a, [cellaujo, Lat.] To
join in praifing. Di^.

CO'LLEAGUE. »./., [colUga, Lat.] aI
partner in office or employment. An-|
cieiitly accented on the lail fyllable. I

Eafy it might be feen that 1 intend
Mercy roHeagui with juftice fending thee. Milton.

The regents, upon demife of the crown, would
keep the peace without colUagaet. Stvifi.

Ti Colle'aoue. "v. a. [from the noun.]
To unite with.

Ctlleagutd with this dream of his advantage,
He hath not fail'd to peller us with melTage,
Importing tbe furtender of thofe lands.

Sbiikeff care's Hamlet,

To COLLE'CT. -V. a. UoIUpo. colUaum,
Lat.]

I. To gather together; to bring into one
place. ,

COL

n.f. [from collate. "[
compares copies or nanu-

pre

'Til memory alone that enriehei tbe mind, bjr
iferving ifhit oar labour and induAry datly <»/•

H'fiit,

z. To draw many units, or numbers, into
one fum.

Let a man ctllcd into one fum as great a num*
bei as he pleafes, this multitude, how great fn-
cvcr, lefl'ens not ooe jot tlu: power uf adding to it>

htci*.

3- To gain by obfervation.

The rev«rent care 1 bear unto my lord.
Made me oZ/nT-thefc dangers in the dulft.

Skake'ftare't linry VI.

4. To infer as a confequence ; to gather
from premifes.

Hiw great the force of error.eoua pfrfuaSon it,
wc may ».e//riff from our Savijur's premcnition to
his difciplei. Decay of P'utf.

They conclude they can have no idea of inii-
nite fpace, becaufe they can have no idea of infi-
nite matter; which cbnfequence, I conceive, isveiV
ill crJhneil. LkIc.

5. Ta Collect himftlf. To recover from
furprife ; to gain command over his
thoughts ; to aflemble his fcntiments.

Be nlltlicd ;
No more amaiement. Shake/peart' t ttmfefi,

Aftrighted much,
I did in time enlh^ mylelt", and thought
This was fo, and no (lumber. Hbak. ff^mter'i Tale,
Profperity unexpected often maketh men care-
lefsand remifsj whereas they, who receive a wound,
become more vigilant and colleBcd. Haytutrd,

As when of old fome orator renown'd
In Athens or free Rome, wBcre eloquence
Flourifti'd, fince route, to fome great caufe ad-

drcfs'd.
Stood in himfelf colledcJ, while each part.
Motion, each aCl won audience, ere the tongue
Sometimes in height began, as no delay
Of preface breaking through his teal of right.

Miken.
Co'l l e c t. n. f. [colUaa, low Lat.] A
Ihort comprehenfive prayer, ufed at the
facrament ; any ihort prayer.

Then let your devotion be humbly to fay over
proper (olUas. Tayhr's Guide to Dewticm,

Collect A'NEOUS.tf<^'. [colUnaneus, La-
tin.] Gathered up together ; collefted ;
notes compiled from various books.

Colle'ctedlv. adv. [from cofliiied.'^
Gathered in one view at once.

The whole evolution of ages from everlafting to
rverlafting is fo ctileHedly and prefentifickly repre-
fented to God. Mere.

Colle'ctible. adj. [from colUa '\ That
which may be gathered from the pre-
mifes by juft confcquence.

Whether tticreby be meant Euphrates, is rot
colUliible from the following wnrds.

Bn-wn'i l^ujfrar Emurt.

Colle'ctiom. It. /. [{torn colUil.']

1. The aft of gathering together.

2. An affcmblage ; the things gathered.

No perjur'd knight defires to quit thy arms,
Faireft ciilrfticn of thy lex's charms. Pricr.

The gallery is hung with a colleiliin of pictures*

Addijon.

3. The aft of deducing confequences ; ra-
tiocination ; difcourfe. This fenfe is
now^carce in ufe.

If once we defcend unto probable cj/iiMmt, we
are then in the territory where free and arbitrary
determiiMtions, the territory where human laws
lake place. //«oj(rr!

Thoumalt not peep thro' lattices of eyes.
Nor hear thro' labyrinths of ears, nor learn
By circuit or (tlleaittti to difcem. Dtiint

4. A

cor,

4. A corollary ; a confeaary deduced from
premifes ; dedudlion ; confequence.

It (hould be a weak ccliecihr. If whereas we fay,
that when Chrift had overco.TC the ftarpnefs of
death he then open. ' the ki. gdom ot heaven to
a;l Mievers i a thing in fueh fort affirmed with
circuraftances, were taken as infinuatine an op.
pofite denial before that circumftmce be aecorn-
P''*"*- Ihohr.

- ■ . This Ubel

Is fo from fenfe and ha.-dnefs, that I can
Make mcolleahn of it. Shakcfpiart, Cymier.r^.

When (he, from fundryar s, one {kill d ,th draw:
Oath ring, from divers tights, one afl of war j

From many csfes like, one tale of law :
The.* her coJ/tfihns, no: the fenfcs are. Daviis.

CoLLECTi'TJOfs. a^j. [colUattius, Lat.l

oathered up.
CoLLE'cTivE. ff,^-. Ifrom celUa ; nlkaif,

French.]
I. Gathered into one mafs ; aggregated •
accumulative. '

A body cilUliivt, it contaJneth a huge multi-
tude. // «i

., '^'?*.,'''"^* '""■■"" ofgovemment differ only by
the civil adminiftration being in the hands of one
or two, called kings; in a fenate, called the nobles ;
or in the people cJUai-ve or repreftntative, who
may be called the commons. Stuift

The difference between a compound and a «/-'
cl't" "' '*"'"' ' compound idea unites things
of a different kind ; but a c>U,ai-ve idea, things of
the fame. If,,..', r • ,

Z. fcmployed m deducing confequences :
argumentative.

Am;,iity left many falfitie, controulable not

3. [In grammar.] A colUai-ve noun is a
word which expreffes a multitude, though
itfelf be Angular ; as a company ; an army.

Colle'ctively. ai/a/. [from colkai'viA
In a general mafs ; in a body ; not fing-
Jy ; not numbered by individuals ; in
the aggregate ; accumulatively; taken
together ; in a Hate of combination or
anion.

Although we cannot be free from all (in «/.
I^ruth,, in fuch fort that no part thereof (hall be
found in us, yet dilbibotively all great aftual of-
fences, as they offer themfelves one by one, both
»^ anJ ousht to be by all means avoided. Hi.oi,r.

Singly and apart many of them are fubjeft to
•icfption, ytt r<V,iflk«^ they make u. a good mo.
nl evidence. ,. ,

The other part of the water was condenfed" a't
the furface of the earth, and fent frnxticiJUdhnh
•oto ftantfug fpringt and rivers.

Woodwari'i Natural Hijiory.

COLLt'cTOR. «. / [colIiaor.L^nn.]

1. A gatherer; he that coUcfts fcattered
things together.

2. A compiler ; one that gathers fcattered
pieces into one book.

1 he grandfather might be the firli „//eB,r of

tt.tm into a body. Hai., C,mm,„ L.10 ,fEn^!a„d.

Volumes without the c<,lI,aor\ own rcflcftions.

The beft Engli(h hiltorian, when his mft/Z',
intiquatrd, will be only confidered as a tedious
telaler of faOs, and perhaps confulted to furnifh
materials for fome future colltflor. Siuift

3. A tax-gatherer; a man employed iii
levying duties or tributes.

)av,(hed, and .eafted away by »lUa„„ and othe?

The comrnifTions of the revenue are difpofe/r.f!
Md the nlUawi are appoiated by tU comm.f
■*""* Sviifi. j

COL

\

C O L

A?! I"""- "V A [/'■°'» "' am! Co'cM FLOWER. ,./ [J!os ir^r^c* .. from

fw fn' ^.^^g^^>'• Latin ] In the civil cap!. S..x. cabbage, and JlLer pn,"

Z:^r -l '° "''^°"' '' ^'^\^ ^'^^'y '" r, P"'y ^-"^-^er.fA fpedes of cabbage,

common with one or more otlier perfoas. Colliga'tion. „./. [colligath Lat ] A

Chambers,
^lum, Latin ]

CO'LLEGE. /,./ [collegi,

1. A confmunity ; a number of pcrfons
living by fome common rules.

On barbed (leeds they rode in prouJ array,
Th:ck as thtcdUgt of the bees in May. bryj,„.

2. A fociety of men fet apart for learning,
or religion.

He is return'd with his opinions,
Gather'd from all the fam.ius coUegct
Aimoft in Chriftcndom. Shaktjtutre, llairyVlXl.

I would the ccUcgi of the cardinals
Would chufe hiin pope, and catry him to Rome.

_,. , , . Sbaiefpeare.

1 his order or fociety is fometimes called Solo-
mon s houfe, and fometimes the alkre of the (ix
day s work. n

'ru L r • Bacon.

\. ine houfe tn which the collegians re-
nde.
Huldah the prophetefs dwelt in Jerufalem in the
A II • /• Kings,

4. A college, in foreign univerfities, is a
leaure read in publick.

Colle'gial. aJj. [ivoia college.-] Relat-
ing to a college ; pofleffed by a college.

Colle'cian. ,./ [from college.] An in-
habitant of a college ; a memter of a
college.

Colle'ciate. adj.{colUgiatus, low La-
tin.]

1. Containing a college; inftituted after
the manner of a college.

I wi(h that yourfelves did well confider how op.
polite certain of your pofitions are unto the ftate
ot colUguui: focietiea, whereanthe t\vo univerfuics

2. A collegiate charch. was fuch as was built
at a convenient diftance from a cathedral
church, wherein a number of pre/byters
were fettled, and lived together in one
congregation.' Jyliffe', Partrgon.

Colle'ciate. ». / [from collegtA A
member of a coUege j a man bred in a
college ; an univerfjty man.

Thefe are a kind of empiricks in poetry, who

hive got a receipt to pleafe; and no clUgM, like

them, for purging the paffions. Jty„,^

Co'llet. n.f. [Fr. from eollum, Lat. the

neck.]

1. Anciently fomething that went about
the neck ; fometimes the neck.

2. That part of a ring in which the llonc
IS fet.

3- A term ufed by turners.
ToQoi.i.xr>z, -v. a. [colliJo, Lat.] To

ftnke agamft each other ; to beat, to

dalh, to knock together.

I Scintillations are not the accen{ion Sf air upon

coll.fion but inflammable e(Buencie« from the bo-
dies collidii. „

Co I. L I E R . /r. / [from coal.]

1. A digger of coali; one that works in
the coal-pits.

2. A coal-merchant ; a dealer in coals.

1 knew a nobleman a great grafier, a great tim-
• b«rman.agreat«/&r, and agrcat landman. Bacon.

3. A ihip that carries coah.
Co'r.LiERY. n.f. [from«///>r.]

1 . The place where coals arc dug.

2. The coal trade.

Colliga'ti

binding together.

Thofe the midwife contriveth into a knot,

whence that tortuofity or nodofity in the navel

ocean )ncd by the coiligMan <if veffels. «

„ , 13r-,iuni Vulvar Ernun.

COLLIMA TiON.«./. [from foZ/Z/w, Lat.]

1 he aft of aiming at a mark ; aim. DUi.

Collinea'tion.w./ [fo//w<7, Lat.] Ti.e

act of aiming.
Co'LLKy/ABLE. adj. [from ceHijuafe.']
Lafily diflblved; liable to be melted.

The tender confiftence renders it the more rs/.
hqu.-.bk and confumptive. Har'vij on Corifumptiort.
Colli c^ament. n.^. [from colliquate.l
The fubftance to which any thing is re-
duced by being melted.
Co'lliquant. adj. [from colli juatel]
Thn.t which has the power of melting or
diffolving.
To CO'LLIQUATE. -v. a. [colli jueo. La-
tin.] To melt ; to diifolve j to turn from
folid to fluid.

The fire meltc-d the gljfs. that made a grdat
ftew, after what was coW^uaial had been removed
from the (ire. BiaU,

The fat of the kidneys ii apt to te coUiquareJ
through a great heat from within, and an ardent
colliquative fever. /f„„.fy o„ Cor,fumfiio«,.

ioyo LLity/ATE. 0/. n. To melti to be
diffolved.

Ice will diffolve in (ire, and coHiauate In water

or warm oils. Bro^u/,', r„!g„r Erro„r,.

Colliqj^-a'tion. n.f. [colliquatio, Lat.]

The ad of melting.

Ghfs may be made by the bare cMquation of

the f.i.t and earth remaining in the alhes of aburnt

L- L , Boyle

^rom them proceed rarefaftion,f3//;yM/;5,,con-

cottioo, maturation, an4 moft effefts of nature.

Bacon's Natural Hijlcrf.

Such a temjoerament or difpofition of
the animal fluids as proceeds from a lax
compages, and wherein they flow off
through the fecretory glands fafler than
they ought. ^incy.

Any kmd of univerfal diminution and colliqua-
tkn of^the body. Harwey on Conjumpihnu

C o L Lj <^u A T 1 V E . adj. [ from colli quote. \

Melting; diflblvent. ■*

A colliquative fever is fush as is attended witfc

a diarrhaa, ot fwcats, from too lu > contexture

of the fluids. «J^,;

Jt 13 a confe^uent of a burning colUquateie fe-
ver, whereby the humours, far, and (ie(h of the
body are melted. ^«r,r«..

C0LLr«MjEPA CTION. «. / [colllfuefacio.
Latin.] The aft of melting together ;
redu«ion to one mafj^by fluxion in the
fire.

After the Incorporation of metals by (imple «///.

futfaffk.11, for the better difcovering of the nature

and confcnts and diffcats of morals. It would be

tried by incorporating of their diffolutions.

^ , Bac(.,-! Phyfical Remaini.

COLLI siON. »./ [from «//iy&. Latin.]
». Theadt of ftriking two bodies togetlier.

Or, by coltifion of two bodies, grind

The air attrite to (ire. nTJton'i Paradife Lojt.

The flint and the (tecl you may move apart as

long a« you pleafe ; but it is the hitting and colli.

fion of them that muft make them ftrike lire.

rry-t rt Bentltym

2. The ftate of being ilruck together; a

ThtD

COL ^

Then f(om the dalhes fcct«ern popei and kings,
Debate^ like fparks from flint's ctltijlsti, fprir.gj.

Dcnbam.

The devil rometiines borrowed fite from the
altar to conlume the votaries j and, by tlie mutual
tcl.'tfijr. of well-meant zcaj, fet even orthod ix
Cliii iiins in a flame. Deaiy ofP'iciy.

To COXLOCATE. -v. a. [.e//9«, Latin.]
To place ; to ftacion.

If you dcfirc to f«i>erinducc any virtue upon a
^ifrfon, take the creature in which that virtue is
moft eminent: of that cieature take the part
wherein th^t virtue is coHteatt. Baan.

Colloca'tion. h. /. [fe//affl/»«, Latin.]

1. Tl»« aft of placing ; tiirpofitioii.

2. The Hate of being placed.

In the cdhiaikn of the fpirits in bodies, the cil-
IlcoW" is equjl or unequal j and the fpirits coiccr-
vate or diffufcd. Bacm

Collocu'tion, h. f. [collocutio, Latin.]

Conference ; converfation.
To CoLLo'cuE. I', n. [probably from col-

/o^Kor, Latin.] To wheedle; to flatter ;

to plcale with kind words. A low word.
Co'llop. n. f. [It is derived by Minjhc'w

from coal and op, a rafher broiled upon

the coals ; a carbonade.]

1 . A fjnall (lice of meat.

Sweetbread and colhfs w.re with fkewers pritk'd
About the fides. Dryden't FabUt.

A coak perhaps has mighty things profefs'd ;
Then fcnt up but two dUhes nicely drcftj
What fignifies Scotch rc/A/s ta a feall ?

Khig's Cookery,

2. A piece of any animal.

The lion is upon his death-bed : not an enemy
that does not apply for a co/Uf of h*m. L'Efirangc.

3- In burlefque language, a child.

Come, Sir page.
Look on me with yourwelkin eye, fwect villain,
Moft dear'ft, my it!:ef. Shjh/f eyre's Homier' i Talc.

Thou art a coU')p of my flefli.
And for thy fake I have (hed many a tear.

Sbaiefpeare* i Henry VI.

Co L L o'cju I A L . a^'. [ from (■o//oy»y.]What-
ever relates to common converfation.

Co'LLOqjjy. n. /. [coJ/ojuium, Latin.]
Conference ; converfation ; alternate
difcourfe ; talk.

My earthly, by hiii heav'nly over-power'd.
In that c^lciiial eot'^^uy fublime.
As with an ohjeft that excels the fenfe,
Pazaled, and fjient.funk do.vn. Mtlnn's Par. LoJ!.

bt retirement make frequent collijuies, or fliort
difcourfing«,betwenG<d and thyown Uml.'Tay/cr.

Co'Lt.ow. >$./. [More properly ce/fy, from
coal. ]

Collovi is the word by whicli they denote black
grimeof burnt coals, or wood, fycidicard on lajph.
Collu'ctancy'. n. f. [iclluilor, Lat.]
A tendency to contell ; oppofition of na-
ture.
Collucta'tion. ». /. [colluaalh, Lat.]
Con tell ; ftruggle ; contrariety ; oppofi-
tion ; fpite.

Tiie tiierma;, r.atural baths, or hot fprings, do
not ewe their heat to any cdlueialion or effervef-
cenceaf the minerals in tliem.

ffocdtvard't Natural Hi/lory.

To COLLUDE, -v. n. [coltudo, Lat.] To
confpire in a fraud ; to aft in concert ;
to play into the hand of each other.

CcLl.i;'«iON. n./. [collujio. Latin.]

CUlafiim it, in our common law, a deceitful
agreement or compad between two or more, far
the one part to bring an aftion agaiiift the other to
fome evil pjiriwfe ; as to ddrc atbird of his
^V't" CtweU.

i

COL

By the ignorance of the merchants, or diAonefty
of weavers, or the collufion of both, the ware wa
bad, and the pr.ce excelfive. Swift.

CoLLu'sivE. aJj. [from colluilt.] Fraudu-
lently concerted.

CoLLu'sifELv. aJ'v. [from colltijt've.l In
a manner fraudulently concerted.

CoLLu'soRY. adj. [from fe//aA, Latin.]
Carrying on a fra^id by fecret concert.

Co'lly. n. /. [from ««/.] The fmut of
coal.

Suppofc thou faw her dreflcd in fomc old hlr-

futc aitii^, out of fafiiion, coarfe raiment, be-

fmcared with foot, eoUy, perfumed with opoponax.

Burton fin Melancholy.

To CoLLY. i;. <T. To grime with coal ; to
fmut with coal.

Biief as the lightning in the cdHed night.
That, in a fpcen, unfolds borh heav'n and earth ;
And, ere a man hath pow'r to fay, behold.
The jaws of darkncfs do devour it up. ShaMf.

CQlLrRWM.n.f. [Latin.] Anointment
for the eyes.

CO'LMAR. n.f. [Fr.] A fort of pear.

Co'locn Earth, n.f. Is a deep brown,
very light baftard ochre, which is no
pure native foflil ; but contains more
vegetable than mineral matter, and
owes its origin to the remains of wood
long buried in the earth. Hill on Foffils.

Co LON. n.f. [y.uXot, a member.'\

1. A point [:] ufed to mark a paufe greater
than that of a comma, and lefs than that
of a period. Its ufe is not very exaftly
fixed; nor is it very neceflary, being
confounded by moft with the femicolon.
It was ufed, before punftuation was re-
fined, to mark almoft any fenfe lefs than
a period. To apply it properly, we
ihould place it, perhaps, only where the
fenfe is continued without dependence
of grammar or conftruftion ; as, / lo've
him, I defpife htm : I ha've long ceafed to
trufi, but fhall never forbear to fuccour
him.

2. The greateft and wideft of all the in-
teftines, about eight or nine hands
breadth long. It begins where the ilium
ends, in the cavity of the os ilium on
the right fide ; from thence afcending
by the kidney on the fame fide, n pafles
under the concave fide of the liver, to

. which it is fometimes tied, as likewife
to the gall-bladder, which tinges it yel-
low in that place : then it runs under the
bottom of the ftomach to the fpleen in
the left fide, to which it is alfo knit ;
from thence it turns down to the left
kidney ; and thence pafling, in form of
an S, it terminates at the upper p.art of
the 03 facrum in the reftum. l^incy.

Now, by your cruelty hjid bo'ind,
1 drain my guts, my fo/c« wound. Siojfi.
The contents of the co/cn arc of a four, fend,
acid fmell in rabbits. Flyer on the Humoun.

CO'LONEL. n. f. [of uncertain etymo-
logy. W/«wfr imagines it originally co-
lonialis, the leader of a colony. Miitpeiv
deduces it from colonna, a pillar : i%,
patrier columen ; exercitus columsn. Each
is plaulible.] The chief commander of a
reginjent ; a field officer of the highcft
rank, next to the geiieral officers. It is

COL

now generally founded with only tAV
diftinft fyllables, col'nel.

The chiefeft help muft be the cart of the rc/c-
m/, that hath the government of all his garrifon.
Spenjir in JrttiUld*

Captain or tolontl, or knight in atm>,
Whofe chance on thefe dcfcncelels doors may fein'.
If deed of honour did thee ever pleafc.
Guard them, and him within protect from hanhi.

Milton.
Co'LotJELSHiP. n.f. [from cclonel.l The
oflice or charafter of colonel.

While he continued a fubal^'m, he complained
againft the pride of colonels towards ihrir officers,
yet, in a few minutes after he had received his
commiflion for a regiment, he confefleJ fhat r«/c-
r.eipnf was coming laft upon him. Stvifi^

To IZo'tosize. -v. a. [from ro/«»>i.] To
plant vyith inhabitants ; to fettle witk
new planters ; to plant with colonies.

There was never an hand drawn, that did double
the relt of the habitable world, before this ; f jr fo
a man may truly term it, if he (hall put to account
as well that that is, as that which may be heic-
aftcr, by the farther occupation and cohnixing of
thofe countries : and yet it cannot be affirmed, if
one I'peak ingenuoufiy, that it was the propagation
of the Chriftian faith that was the adamant of that
difcovcry, entry, and plantntion ; but gold and
filvcr, and temporal profit and glory ; fo that what
was firll in God's providence, was but fccond in
man's appetite and intention. Bacon's H^/y H^ar,

Druina hath advantage by acqueft of illands,
which (he colonixeth and fortilieth daily.

Hoivel's i^ocal Forejf.

Colonna'de. «. / [from M/<wn<», Ital. a
column.]

1 . A periftyle of a circular figure ; or a fe-
ries of columns difpofed in a circle, and
infulated within fide. Builder's Di3.

Here circling colonn/tdct the ground incIofe«
And here the marble (lataes breathe in rows,

Addihtu

2. Any feries or range of pillars.

For you my colonnades extend their wings. Pope*
COXONY. n.f [colonia, Latin.]

1. A body of people drawn from tlie mo-
ther-country to inhabit fome diftant
place.

To thefe new inhabitants iind nlon'us he gavAthe
I^me law under which they were born and bred.

Sferftr in Ireland.

Rooting out thefe two rebellious fepts, he placed
En^jlidi ci'jnics in their rooms. Daviei on Irclar.d,

Ofiris, or the Bacchus of. the ancients, isi re-
ported to h.nve civilized the Indi.in>, planting.co/^-
ni'rt, and building cities. A'kutirot en Coins.

2. The country planted ; a plantation;

The riling city, which from far you fee.
Is Carthage, and a Tyriao cohry. Dry Jen's Hrgil,
Co' L 0 p H o N y . n.f. [ from Colophon, a city
whence it came.] Rofin.

Of Venetian turpentine, (lowly evaporating
about a fourth or fifth part, the remaining fub-
(tance fufjirred to cool, would afl'ord m; acolicrcnt
body, or a fine eokphmy. Boy/e,

Turpentines and oils leave a colophony, upon a
feparation of their thinner oil.

^ Fhyer en tie Humours.

C0L0<y;i NTEDA. n.f [eolocynthit, Lat.
x<j^o'«!,>9t?.] The fruit of a plant of the
fame name, brought from the Levant,
about the bignefs of a large orange, and
often called bitter apple. Both the feed
and pulp are intolerably bitter. It is a
violent purgative, of confiderable ufe in
"pedicine. Chambers.

Co'lorate. adj. [coloratus, Lat.] Co-
loured ; dyed ; marked gr ilained with
fomc colour.

Had

COL

COL

COL

Had the tuniclej and humours of the eye keen
alarete, many rays from vifiWe objtas would have
been ttopt. Ray-

Colo ra't ION. n.f. {cokro, Latin.]

1. The art or pra(3*':e of colouring.

Some bodies have a more departable nature than
others, as is evident in ccloitiihtt ; lor a fmali
quantity of fafiron will tinft more than a great
quantity of brali^ Buccn,

2. The ftate of being coloured.

Amongft curiontici I Ihall place eohratr.7:,
though fomcwhat better; for beauty in flowers is
their prehcminence. Bac:,r's!Jar. I{:Jl.

Colori'fick. aefj. [colorificus, Latin.]
That which has the power of producing
dyes, tints, colours, or hues.

In tliis compofition of white, the feveral rays

do not fulfer any change in their coUr}Ji*k qualities

by a£ling upon one another j but are only mixed,

and by a mixture of tjieir colours produce white.

N^tvt'.n'i Oftkti.

COLO'SSE. "in./. Icohjfus, L^un.] A
COLO'SSUS. j ftatue ot enormous mag-
nitude.

Not to mention the walls and prilace of Baby-
lon, the pyiamids of Egypt, or alcjji of Rhodes.

ToB/Vir.

There huge col^jfus rofe, with trophies crown'd.
And tun'clc charaClers were gravM around. Pepe,

CoLOsss.' At!. aJJ. [coloJ/etitiLat.] Inform
of a colofliis ; of the height and bignefs
of fuch a Aatue ; giantlike.

CO'LOUR. »./. [color, Latin.]

1. The appearance of bodies to the eye
only ; hue ; dye.

It is a vulgar idea of the cchurt of folid bodies,
when we perceive them to be a red, or blue, or
green tincture of the furface ; but a philofnphical
idea, when we confider the various calotirt to be
dilFerent fenfations, excited in us by the refract-
ed rays of light, tcftcfted on our eyes in a different
manner, veording to the different fize, or Ihape,
or fituation of the particles of which furfaces are
compofed. tVadt.

Her hair fhall be of what cijair it pleafe Cod.

Sbakeffeare.

For though our eyes can nought but cbkun fee.
Yet ctJcuri give chcm not their pow'r of fight.

Da'viti.

The lights of eotwn are more refrangible one
than another in this order; red, orange, yellow,
green, blue, indigo, deep violet. Kniim'i Otliiit.

2. The frelhneli, or appearance of blood
in the face.

Mycheetcsno longer did rheir nXiirr boaft. Dryti.
A fudden horror feixM his gidHy head,
Atd his eirs trickled, and his aUur fled, VrjJen.

3. The tint of the painter.

When each bold figure jud begins to live.
The Ireach'rous aisun the fair art betray,
Ard a^l the bright creation fades away. Pcftt.

4. The reprefcntation of any thing fuper-
iicially examined.

Their wildom is only of this world, to put falfe
cotytiri upon things, to call good evil, and evil good,
againit the conviction of their own confciences.

Swifi.

5. Concealment ; palliation ; excufe ; fu-
perficial cover.

It is no matter if I do halt; I have the wars f)r
my tttt-ur, and my ptnfion (hall f em the mnre
reafonable. Sb^kcffurtt licmjlV,

Their An admitted no (cUur or excufe,

Kin^ Chariot.

6. Appearance ; pretence ; falfe (liew.

Under \.\\K£dour of c^mmcndtng him, ,

I have acccfs my own I'jvc to prefer. Sii^ikjftart.

Merchants came to Kho.Jcs with a great (hip
kdcd with corn; under the rd/our of the fale where-
of, tb«y B&ted all that was done in the city.

KmiUn't Htjf-.ty of the 7iirh.

7. KHiJ ; fpecles ; charader.

Boys and women are, for the mort part, cattle of
this C'Jcur, akaktjpeari i As you like /'.

8. In the plural, a ftandard ; an enfign of
war : they fay the ctlours of the foot, and

Jiandard of the horfe.

He at Venice gave
His body to that pleufant country's earth.
And his pure foul un 0 his captain Chrift,
Under whofe colcurs he had fought fo long.

Staiejfcarv's Rhtanl II.

A^ainft all checks, rebukes, and manners,
I mutt advance the colours of my love.
And n.<t retire. Shaitfp, Mtrry H^ives offVlmlfor.

The banks were filled with compapies, pafTing
all along the river under their cohurs, with tium-
pets founding. Kttollcs,

9. Colours is ufed fingularly by Adiiifon.

An author compares a lagged coin to a tiittered
(ahurs, Addljcn.

To Co'lour. 1). a. [colore, Latin ]

1. To mark with fome hue, or dye.

The rays, to fpeak properly, are not coIaut-eH :
in them there is nothing elfe than a certain powrr
and difpolition to ftir up a fenfation of this or that
colour. X^'nclan's Oflicis.

2. To palliate ; to excufe ; to drefs in fpe-
cious colours, or fair appearances.

I told him, that I would not favour or (oUur in
any fort his former folly. Raleigh's Ejjiiyj*

He cchurs the falfehood ofi^neas by an exprefs
command from Jupiter to forfake the queen.

Drydm'i Dedkat. jSneiil.

3. To make plauiibie.

We have fcarce heard of an infurreflion that
was not cukurci with grievances of the highelt
kind, or countenanced by one or more bAnchcs of
the legiflature. AiMjm's Frtikildir.

4. To Colour a Jiranger'' s goods, is when
a freeman allows a foreigner to enter
goods at the Cuftom Houfe in his name ;
fo that the foreigner pays but fingle
duty, when he ought to pay double.

Phillips.
To Co'lou R. 11. n. To blu(h. A low word,

only ufed in converfatioii.
Co'lour ABLE. adj. [from colour.'\ Spe-
cious ; plauiibie. It is now little ufed.

They have now a cvlourahU pretence to wirh-

fland innovations, having accepted of other laws

and rules already. Sf/rtfer,

They were glad to lay hold on fo eolourabli: a

matter, and to traduce him as aa author of (uipi-

ciouft innovation. Hooker.

Had I facrificed ecdefiallical government and

revenues to their covetoufnefs and ambition, they

would have found no cohurahle nccefTity of an

army. King Charles.

We hope the mercy of God will confider us unt)

fome mineration of our offences ; yet had not the

fmceriiy of our parents fo eokuralle expectations.

Br'/:vns yulgnr Errouri.

Co' LOUR ABLY. adv. [from ccilottrai'lc]
Spccioufly ; plaufibly.

The procels, how fic er co/wrai^ awarded, hath
not hit the very mark whereat it was diiefVrd.

Haccn.
Co'lou R e d. participial adj. [from colo7ir.'\
Streaked; diverfified with variety of
hues.

The tolured arc coarfer juiced, and therefore
not fu Weil and e()uaUy coocoCted.

Bacon s Natural }lifiory.

Co'louring. n.f. [from colour.^ The

part of' the painter's art that teaches to

lay on his colours with propriety and

beauty.

But as the flighted /ketch, if juCly trac'd.
Is by ill colouring but the more difgrac'd ;
So by faliie iearnlng it good itab ilef4c'd. Pofe.

Co'lourist. rt./. [from coloi/r.'] A paltt*
tcr who excels in giving the proper co*
lours to his defigns.

Titian, Paul^Veronefe, Van Dyck, and the reft

of the good colcurijls, have cume neaiclt to nature.

Dryden's Dufrrftioy,

Co'lourless. fl<^". [from colour.'^ With-
out colour ; not dillinguifhed by any
hue ; tranfparent.

Tranfparcnt fubrtancc^, as glafs, water, and air,
when made very tiiin by being blown into bubbles,
or otherways formed into plates, exhibit various
colours, according to their various thinnefs ; al*
though, at a greater thiclcnefs, they appear very
clear and cohurlej<. Ncvjtr.ns Opticks*

Pellucid colourlifs glafs or water, by being beaten-
into a po\^'der or froth, do acquire a very intenfe
whitenefs. Bentley,

COLT. »./ [coir, Saxon.]'

1 . A young horfe : ufed commonly for the
male offspring of a horfe, as foal for the
female.

The c'Jt hath about four years of growth, and
fo the fawn, and fu the calf. Bacon's Nat. Hiflory,

Like colts or unmanaged horfes, we Itart at dead-
bones and lilclefs blocks. Taylor's HJy Living,-

Xo fports, but what belong to .var, they know j-
To break the Itubborn colt, to ben»I the bow.

Vryden'i JEticift,

2, A young fooliih fellow.

Ay, tiiat 's a colt, indeed ; for hf doth nothing
but talk of his horfe. Shakefp. Merchant of f^inice.

To Colt. t. ». [from the noun.] To friflc^
to be licentious ; to run at large without
rule ; to riot ; to frolick.

As foon as they vv-ere out of fight by themfelVes*
they Hiook off their bridles, and began to colt anew
more licentioufly than before.

Sfcnfer's State of Ireland.

To Colt. 'v.a. To befool.

What a plague mean ye, to colt me thus ?

SLakrJpean's Henry IV.

CoLTS-FOOT. n.f. \tufftlago ; from colt
and foot.] It hath a radiated flower,
whole diik confills of many florets, but
the crown compofed of many half florets-:
the embryos are inclitded in a multifid
flowercup, which turns to downy feeds
fixed in a bed. Miller.

CoLTS-TOOT H. ?t,f. [from coll and tooth.l

1. An impcrfeft or fupetfluous tooth in-
young horft's.

z. A IbVe of youthful pleafure ; a difpoii-
tion to the pradllces of youth.

We 1 faid, lord Sands ;
Your colts-tooth is not call yet ?— •-
— No, my lord ; nor fliall n»t, while I have a

flump. Sbakcfpeare.

Co'lter. n.f. [culrop. Sax. culter, Lat.]
The (harp iron of a plough that cuts the
ground perpendicularly to the (hare.

Co'tTisH. rt<^'. [from «//.] Having the
tricks of a colt ; wanton.

'Co'lubrine. aij. [fo/a^rj'ffB/,. Latin..],

,1. Relating to a ferpcnt.

2. Cunning; crafty.

Co'lumbary. n.f. [columbarium, ItSX-V
■ A.dovecot ; a pigcoa-houfe.

The eaiili <>( cohtttibtirics, or d.iveUoules, is much
' dcfired in the artifice of faltpetre.

Broken s l^ulgar Errours.
Co'lumbine. H.y; [colitm/>ina, Litm ] A-
plant with leaves like thc-meadOw rue.

Miller.

Co'.urrhines are of feveral forts and colour'.. They

Powei; ill the cod of May, when few other flowers

fhcv\', Iftrlimer. ■

Co'LvMBINC^.

COM

Co't. UMUIKE. »f.y; [celumlinut, hxt.'\ A
kind of violet colour, or chango^ble
dove colour. ^Diii.

CO'LUMN. »./. [columiia, Latin.]

1 . A round pillar.

Some of the old Creek cclumtn, and altarti
were brought from the ruins of Apollo':> temple at
Dilot* Piacbam,

Round broken rc/uwffj clafping ivy twin'd. ¥^'

2. Any body of certain dimenfions prciTing
vertically upon its bale.

The whole weight of any cilumn of the atmo.
fphere, and likewife the fpecifick gravity of its
bafi;, are certainly known by many experiracnis.

Beiitliy.

3. [In the military art.] The long file or
row of troops, or of baggage, of an army
in its inarch. An army marches in one,
two, three, or more columns, according
as the ground will allow.

4. [With printers.] A column is half a
page, when divided into two equal parts
by a line palling through the middle,
from the top to the bottom ; and, by
feveral parallel lines, pages are often
divided into three or more columns.

Colu'mnar. \'"0' [frojn column.'\

Column a'ri AN. 5 Formed in columns.

White co^miur fpar out of a flone-pit.

IVcsdviard tn Fc/fh.

Colu'res. »,_/; [«/«r»', Latin ; xoXotjo*.]

Two great circles fuppofed to pafs through the
poles of the world : one through the enuinoftial
points, Aries and Libra; the other through the
folftitiil points. Cancer and Capricorn. They are
called the equinoctial and folftjtial colurci, and di-
vide the ecliptick into four equal parts. The
points where (bey interfcdl the ecliptick are called
the cardinal points. Harris.

Tlirice the equinoAial line
He circled ; four times crcfs'd the car of night
Fmm pole to pole, traverfing each cefure* Afi/foft*

CO'MA. n./. [xuiJta.] A morbid difpo-
fition to fleep ; a lethargy.

Co'mart. n./. This word, which I have
only met with in one place, feems to
fignify treaty ; article ; from etn, and
mart, or market.

By the fame eunart,
And carriage of the articles delign'd.
His fell to Hamlet. Shaiefpeart's Hamltt,

Co'mate. It./, [coa and mate.\ Compa-
nion.

My ccmaus and brother^ in eiile.

Sbakejpeari^i As you like it.

Comato'se. aJj. [from toma.'] Lethar-
gick ; fleepy to a difeafe.

Our beft caltor is from Ruflia ; the great and
principal ufe wheieof, is in hyfttricil and comatojc
cafes, Gre^\

COMB in the end, and Comp in the be-
ginning of names, feera to be derived
from the Britifh kum, which fignifies a
low fituation. GiLfon't Camden.

Comb, iw Cornijh, fignifies a -vaZ/fy, and
had the fame meaning anciently in the
French tongue.
COMB. »./ [camb. Saxon; *<?«, Dut.]
I. An inlbument to feparate and adjuil
the hair.

By fair L'gea't goldeh eomi.

Wherewith flie fits on diamond rocks.

Sleeking herfoft allur'ng locks. Milttir.

I mad a:', in'lr.imcat in falhion of a comh,

«h >fe teeh being in number fixteen, were about

an inch and a half br ,ad, and the intervals of the

ttetii about two iacbss wide< NnvHu.

COM

2. The top or creft of a cock, fo called
from its peftinated indentures.

Cocks have great ccmts and fpurs, hens little or
none. Bacon.

High was his comi, and coral red withal,
Wlih dent5 embattled like a ciftle-wall. DryJin.

3. The cavities in which the bees lodge
their honey. Perhaps from the fame
word which makes the termination of
towns, and fignifies holltnu or dee^.

This in affairs of Hate,
Employ'd at home, abiJes within the gate.
To fortify the ccxh, to build the wall,
To prop the ruins, Icll the fabrick fail.

■ DryJa's yir^il.

Ti Comb. 1/. a. [from the noun.]

1. To divide, and clean, and adjuft the
hair with a comb.

Hei care (hall be
To comb your noddle with a three-Iegg'd ftool.

Sbateffcare.

Divers with us, that are grown grey, and yet

would appear young, find means to make their hair

black, by camhing it, as they fay, with a leaden

comb, or the like. Bacon.

She with ribbons tied
His tender neck, and comb'd his filken hide.

Drydn's JE,r.cid.

There was a fort of engine, from which were

extended twenty long poles, wherewith the i^an-

mountain combs his head. Siuift.

2. To lay any thing confiding of filaments
fmooth, by drawing through narrow in-
terftices ; as, to comh luool.

CoMB-BRUSH. n./. [comi and irufi."] A

brulh to clean combs.
CoMB-MAKER. >t. f. \comb and maker.'\

One whofe trade is to make combs.

This wood is of ufe for the turner, engraver,
carver, and comb-maker. Mortimer's Hujhandry.

To CO'MBAT. -V. n. [combattre, Fr.]
I. To fight : generally in aduel, or hand
to hand.
Pardon me, I will not combat in my Ihirt.

Shakeffeare.

a. To a£l in oppofition, as the acid and
alkali combat.

Two planets rulhing from afpe^ malign
Of fiercell oppofuion in mid Iky,
Should combat, and their jarring fpberes confound.

Milton.

To Co'mbat. v. a. Tooppofe ; to fight.
Their opprellbrs have changed the fcene, and
combated the opinions in their true Hiape.

Decay of Piety.
Love yields at lail, thus combated by pride,
And fhe fubmitt to be the Roman's bride.

Grayiniille.

Co'mbat. »./. [from the verb.] Conteft ;
battle J duel ; Arife ; oppofitiun : gene-
rally between two, but fometimes it is
ufed for battle.

Thofc regions were full both of cruel monfters
and monftrous men j all which, by private combats,
they delivered the countries of. Sidney.

The noble combat that, 'twixt joy and furrow,
was fought in Paulina ! She had one eye declined
for the lofs of her hulband, another elevated that
the oracle was fulfilled. Sbakefpeare,

The ccmbat now by courage roufl be tried. Drjd.

Co'mbatant. n. f, [cemiattant. Ft.]
I. He that fights with another ; duelliA ;
antagonid in arms.

So frown'd the mighiv combatant, that hell
Grew darker at their frown. Miltin's Par. LJi.

Who, fingle combatant,
DuelM their armies rankM in proud array,
Himfelf an army. Afiltcn't Jlgonj/les.

COM

He with hit fword unflieath'd, on pain of life,
Commaadt both combatants to ceaie their ftrife.

Dryden.

Like defpairing combatants they ftrive againft
you, as if they had beheld unveiled the magical
ihicld of ArioftO) which dozslcd the behoUers with
too much brightnefs. Dryden.

2. A champion.

Whea any of thofe combatants ftrips his tcrmi
of ambiguity, I (hall think him a champion fn
knowledge. Lt^cke*

3. With /ar before the thing defended.

Men become combatant i for thofe opin-ons. Locke,
Co'.viBER. n. /. [itom comb.'] He whofv
trade it is to difentangle wool, and lajr
it fmooth for the fpinner.
Co'mbinate. <i<^'. [hom combitic] Be-
trothed ; promifed ; fettled by compaft.
A word of Shakefftare.

She IoH a nobler brother} with him the finesr
of her fortune, her marriage dowry : with bnih,
her combinate hulband, this well-feeming Angelo.
Sbakcfftare^s Meafure ftr Mcajure*
CoMBiN a'tion. n.f. [from ccmbint.]

1 . Union for fome certain purpofe ; afibci-
atiori ; league. A combination is of
private perlons ; a confederacy, of Aates
or fovereigns.

This canning cardinal

The articles o' th' comhinaticn drew,

As himfelf pleasM. Shaitffeare's Henry VIII.

2. It is now generally ufed in an ill fenfe;
but was formerly indifferent.

They aim to fubdue all to their own will and
power, under the difguifes cif is^i\y comblnatiom.

King Charles,

5. Union of bodies, or qualities ; com-
mixture; conjunftion.

Thefe natures, from the moment of their firft
eombmation, have been and are for ever infeparable.

Hooker,

Refolution of compound bodies by fire, does not
fo much enrich mankind as it divides the bodies }
as upon the fcore of its making new compounds
by new ccmbiniitions, Boyle,

Ingratitude is always in eomhinatisit with pride
and hard-heartednef<. South,

4. Copulation of ideas in the mind.

They never fuffer any ideas to be joined in their
underltandings, in any other or ftronger ambiratim
than what their own nature and corrcfpondcnoe
give them. _ . Locke.

5. Combination is ufed, in mathema-
ticks, to denote the variation or altera-
tion of any number of quantities, letters,
founds, or the like, in all the different
manners pofiible. Thus the number of
poflible changes or combinations of the
twenty - four letters of the alphabet,
taken firft two by two, then three by
three, isfc. amount to 1,391,724,288,
887,252,999,425,128,493,402,200.

Chambers,
To COMBl'NE. V. a, [combiner, Fr. binot
jungere, Lat.]

1. To join together.

Let us not then fulpcfl our happy ftaie,
As not fecure to finale or cjmbin d.

MJtun's Paradife Lifi,

2. To link in union.

God, the be(l mikcr of all marriages,
Combine your hearts in one, your realms in one.

Stakijpcare,

Fricndfhip is the cement which really combines
mankind. Gwcm'nent of the Tongue.

3. To agree ; to accord ; to fettle by com-
paa.

My heart's dear love is fet on his fair daughter;
. As mine oa hens, fo hers ii fet oo mine.

And

COM

COM

COM

And »n cemh'm'H, file what thoa mull cimhhe
By holy mirriage. Shakijf. Rmeo ettd Juliet.

4. To join words or ideas together : op-

pofed to analyji.
yi CombTne. ". jf.

1. To coalefce ; to unite each with other.
Ufed both of things and perfons.

iionour and policy, like xmfever'd iVienis
r th' war, do grow together : grant that, and teli

nie
In pace what each of them by th' other lofes.
That they canb'mr not there ? Shalrff^CtrioUuiui.

2. To unite in friendftilp or defi^n.

„ CimUm together 'gjinll the enemy ;

For thefe domeflick and ^rticviUr broiU

Are not the queftion here. Sbaitff. King Lear.

You with your foes combiee^
And feem your own deliiu^ion to deliga.

\ DrydfHi jJurmgxeie.

Co'mbless. a/^'. [froBi «m^.] Wanting a
comb or cre&.

What, is your creft a coxcomb >
—A ccmkltft cock, fo Kate will be my hen. Shak.

COMBU'ST. adj. [from comhuro, combuf-
tum, Lat.]

When a planet ij not above eight degrees and a
half iliftant from the fun, either before or after
him, it is faid to be ctmhuji, or in fombujiioii.

Harris.
Comb u's t ijb l e . adj. [couburo, cambujium,
Lat.] Having the quality of catching
£re ; fufceptible of firi.

Charcoals, made out uf the wood of oxycedar,
are white, becaufe their vapours are rather fulphu-
reous than of any other comtuJIiUe fubftance.

Srtnvn'i yuigar Erreurt.
Sin is to the foul like fire to cor):huJiAle matter ;
It aSiisil;itee before it dellroys it. SAih.

They are but ftreweJ over with a little peniten-
tial alhcs ; and will, as foon at they meet with
tombujiible matter, flame out. Decay of Piety.

The Same (hall dill remain j
Kor, till the fuel perilh, can decay.
By nature form'd on tilings cantuJiibU to prey.

DrjJen.

Covibu'stibleneSs. «.yr {from combuf-

libli.] Aptnefs to take fire.
CoMBu'sTioN. »./. [French.]
I. Conflagration; burning; conAunption

by fire.

The future ccmbafikn of the earth is to be ulher-
.ed in and accompanied with violent impredions
upon nature. Barrel.

3. Tumult ; hurry ; hubbub ; buflle ;
Burly burly.

Mutual ccmbbJUtttSt bloodflieds, and waftes may
enforce them, thraugh very fainlncfs, after the cx-
pericncc o!" fo endlels mileiies. Hooker.

Prophefying, with accents terrible,
Of dire eombujli^n, and confus'd events,
Vev-lvtch'd to th' woeful time. Sbaieff. Macb.

Thofe cruel wars between the heufes of York
«nd Lincaflcr, brought all England into an horrible
£9mbnjlti.n. Raleigh.

How much more of pow'r.
Army sgainft army, numbcrlcf* to raife
Dri-adful eombujiion warring, and diAtirb,
Though not dellroy, their happy native feat! Afi/f,

£ut fay, from whence this new (W)^i^.'?n fpri ngs ^

Drytien,

The comet moves in an inconceivable fury, and
etmibvfiiim, and at ihe fame time with an exact re-
gular.ty. jlrldlfon'l Guardian.

To COME. v.n. pret. came, particip. come.

[coman, Saxon ; komtn, Dut. komtruii,

(jerman.]
I. To remove from a diHant to a nearer

place ; to arrive : oppofed to go.

And troubled blood throjgh his pale Uccwat fern
To mmt and go, with tidings from the he.ut.

I airy Sijiein :

Vol. 1.

Caefar will i-ome forth to-day. Shak. Juliui CaJ.
Coming to look on yuu, thinking you dead,
I ff akc unto the crown as having fenfc.

Stake/fearc't Hcr.ry IV.
The colour of the king doth come and go.
Between his purpofe and his confcience.

Shakefpeare^ i Kingyahn.

The Chriftians having flood almoft all the day in

order of battle, in the fight of the enemy, vainly

expe^ing when he (hould came forth to give them

battle, returned at night unto their camp.

Kmlki't Hiflory of the Turks.
'Tis true that fince the fenate's fuccour came.
They grow mo.e bold. DryJen's Tyrannick Love.

This Chrillian woman 1
Ah ! there the mifchief coma.

Ro7ve^s Rcyal Convert.

2. To draw near; to advance towards.

By the pticking of my thumbs.
Something wicked this way comes. Sbak. Macbeth.

3. To move ir^ any manner towards an-
other ; implying the idea of being re-
ceived by another, or of tending to-
wards another. The word always re-
fpefts the place to which the motion
tends, not that place which it leaves ;
yet this mr.aning is fometimes almoft
evanefcent and imperceptible.

1 did hear
The galloping of horfe : who was 't came by ?

Shaiefpeare* I Macbeth.

Bid them cover the table, ferse in the meat, and
we wiU come in to dinner.

Sb*ikeipeare' s Merchant tf Venice.

As foon as the commandment came abroad, the
children of Ifrael brought in abundance the liril
fruits. 2 Ctror.iclei,

' Knowledge it a thing of their own invention, or
which they etane to by fair reafoning.

Bumet'i Theory.

It is impoflible to eoire near your Lnrdlhip, at
any time, without receiving fome favour. Congreve.

Nunc may come in view, but fuch as are perti-
nent. Locke.

No perception of basics, at a diftance, may be
accounted for by the motion of particles comirg
from them, and Oriking on our organs. Locke.

They take the colour of what is laid before
them, and as foon lofc and rcil^n it to the next
that happens to nwire in their Way. Locke.

God has made the intellcflual world harmoni-
ous and beautiful without us; bat it will never
come into ou; heads all at once. Loekr,

4. To proceed ; to iffue.

Behold, my fon, which came forth of my bowels,
feeketh my life. 2 Sam. xvi. ii.

5. To advance from one ftage or condi-
tion to another.

Truft me, 1 am exceeding weary.

^Is it eome to that ? I had thought wearinefs
durS not kave attacked one of fo high blood.

Shaki/feare't Henry 1 V.

Though he would after have turned hi% teeth
upon Spain, yet he W3s taken order with before it
came to that. Ba<ott.

Seditious tumults, and feditiou' fames, differ no
more but as brother and lifter; if ir come 10 that,
that the bell actions of a Hate arc taken in an ill
fenfe ami traduced. Bjcar,.

Hi^ f'ldicrv had Ikirmilhes with the Numidiaos,
fo that once the Ikirniilh was like to ci/rne to a juii
battle. Kr.olUi.

Wlirn it cttmc to that once, they that had molt
flelh wiftiednhcy had had left. L' f-flrarigt.

£vcry new fprurg p iflion i^ a pait of the aflion,
except we conceive nothing a£lion tiU the pla)<rs
cime to blows. DryJen,

The fo^ce whcrrby bodies coher; is very mucli
greater when they i^n., to imnirdiatr <onia£l, than
when they are at ever fo I'njall « finite dlRance.

CLij nr'l fitli'fvf.ticjl Prir,, fits.

6. To be brought to fome condition either
for better or worfr, implying Ibme de-
gree of cafualty : with te.

One faid to Ariftippus, 'tis a flrange thing v»?iy
men Ihould rather give to the poor than to phiU>fo-
phers. He anfweied, becaufe they think them-
feives may fooner come to be poor than to be phi-
lofophers. Bacon's jipcftbibcgmt'

His Tons come to honour, and hejuioweth it not*

Job.

He being come to the eftace, keeps abufy family.

Locke.

You were told your mailer had gone to a tavern,*
and come to ioine mifchance. Stvift.

7. To attain any condition or charafter.

A fcrpent, ere he comes to be a dragon.
Does eat a bat. Ben Jonjcn's Catatwe.

He wonder'd how flic came to know
What he had done, and meant to do. Hudihrajm

The tcftimony of confcience, thus informoil,
comes to be fo authentick, and fo much to be relied
upon. South*

8. To become.

So came I a widow ;
And never (hall have length of life enough
To rain upon remembrance with n-ine eyes.

Skakefl'care's Henry TV.
When he returns from hunting,
I will not fpcak with him ; fay I am (ick.
If you come fiick of former ferviccs,
You (hal! do well. Sbakc/jteare's King J'rar,

How came the publican jullified, but by a (li. rf:
and horrible prayer ? Duppas Rules for Dc^/^iir.

9. To arrive at fome aft or habit, or dii"--
pofition.

They would quickly come to have a natu;.al ab- .
horrcnce for that which they found made them
(lighted. Locke*

to. To change from one (late into another
defired ; as the butter comes, when the
parts begin to feparate in the churn.

It is reported, that if you lay good Oore of ker-
nels of grapes about the root of a vine, it will
make the vine come earlier, and profper batter.

Baccn^s Natural Hijiory.
Then butter does rcfufe to ccme^
And love proves crofs and humourfome. Huilihrau
In the coming or fprouting of malt, as it muft
' not come too little, fo it mull not come too ihuch.

M':rtimrr»

1 1 . To become prefeiit, and no longer
future.

A time will come, when my maturer mulii
In Ca-far's wars a nobler theme /hall chul'e.

Dryciev^s Virgil,

It, To become prefent, and no longer ab-
fent.

That's my joy
Not to have feen before ; for nature now
Contes all at once, confounding my delight.

Dryd<n*s Kirg Arthur*
Mean while th? gods thi- dome of Vulcan throng,
Apollo comes, and Neptune caiHe along.

Poult's OJyfcy.
Come then, my friend, my genius, ccr/:i alon;,
Thou mafter of the poet jiid the fong ! Poj>e,

13. To happen ; to fall out.

'I lie duke of Cornwall, and Regan his duchefs,
will be here with him tliis night.—.

—How comes that f Shakrffieare's King Lear*

14. To befal, as an event.

Let mc alone that i may (peak, and let eofne on
me whit wilt. Jab, xiii. I J.

15. To follow as a confequence.

Thole that arc kiti to the king, never prick
their finger but they fay, there is (ome ot the
king'! blood Ipilt. How tomei that > fays he, that
cake^ upon him not to conceive: the anfwerir, 1
am the king's poor coufin, S'r.

ibakijfearc't Henry W,

16. To ceafe very lately from fome aft or
ftatt; ; to have juft doije or luffereil apy
thing.

David faid unto Vriah, camrjl thi^iv not frohi thy
journey > t Sam. xi- ">•

V y 1;. r»

COM

17. ^a Come aiout. To come to pafs ; to
fell out } to come into being. Probably
from the French 'vtiiir a teut.
. AnJ let ir.e fpeak to tli' yet unknowing vroria,
How thcfc ih'ngs (amt eheuu ShikifMKre-

Thjt chi':ub'im> whiih now appears as a God to
a human foul, knows veiy well that tlic petioJ
will nrr.e aioul in ctcrnitv, when the human foul
(hail be as peifc£l as he bimfclf now is.

Adjijm'i SfeSater.

I conclude, however it ttnti abcui, tliat things
»r» not as tliey /hould he. Siiift.

H •* cmtn it .ihut, that, for above fixty years,
affairj have been rtited in the liands of new men.

Sivi/t.

18. To CoMS aisut. To change; to come

roand. .

The wind ctmi eUul, and fettled in the Weft
fot many days. Bauti't Ni%» yitalaniis.

On better thoughts, and my urg'd teafcns,
The) »rc cent ab.at, and won to the true fide.

BaiJiTiJoK.

19. To Come again. To return.

There came Water thereout; and when he had
drunk, his fpirit came cgmn, and he revived.

JudgfSjW: 19.

20. Te Come ajier. To follow.

If any man WuiciMttifi.r me, let him deny liini-
fdf, and take up his crds and follow me.

Mitlhcv!, xvi. 24.

21. To Come <i/. To reach ; togetv/iih-
in the reach of; to obtain ; to gain.

Neidier fword nor fccptre can cunt at cinfci-
cnce j but it i:^ above and beyond the reach of
both. Suckling.

Oats will eat and deftroy your marum, if they
can come at it. Evelyn's Kalendar.

In order to ame at a true knowledge of ourlelvcs.,
we Ihould confidcr how far we may deferve praifc.

Addijon.

Nothing makes a woman more efieemed by the
oppolite fex than chaftity, and we always prize
thofe moft who are hardcft to come at. jidd'ij. Speli.

22. To Come by. To obtain ; to gain ;
to acquire. This feems an irregular and
improper ufe.but has very powerful au-
thorifies.

Things moft needful to preferve this life, are
moft prompt and eafy for all living creatures to
tcm tj. Hoijter.

Love is like a child.
That longs for every thing that he can come hy.

Sbekeffeart.
Thy cafe
Shall be my precedent ; as thou got'ft Milan,
J '11 ccmt hy Naples. Sbakeffcarc'i Timfi/I.

Are you not alhamcd to inforce a poor widow
To fo rough a courfc to come by her own ?

Sbjkejjteare's Henry IV.
The ointment wherewith this is done is made
of divers ingredients, whereof the ftrangeft and
hardcft to comt by is the mnfs of a dead man un-
buried. Bacons Natural Hifiory.

And with that wicked lye
A letter they came hy.
From our king's majclty. Dmham.

He tells a fad ftory, Iiow haid it was for him to
ttmt hy the book of Trigiiitlus. Siittingf^ri.

A.midft your train this unfccn judge will wait.
Examine iiuw you came hy all your Itate.

Vryden's Aurengxehe.
iy TaCoME/fl. To enter.

'Wh.it, are you then ? cime in, and give fome

help. Sbakcfpeare.

TiiC fimple ideas, united in the fame fubjedt,

are as perfedlly dillinit as thot'c that cane in by dif-

fer-nt fcnfes. Locke.

44. To CoMF iu. To comply; t« yield;
to hold out no longer.

If the arch-rebel Tyrone, ia the time of th<fe
war-:, /hiuld oft":r to come in and fubmit hlmfclf to
h:r roajcfty, would yoo not have him received >
* Hfrnfrr en Ireland.

COM

15. TV Com I h. To arrive at a port, or
{)Iace of rendezvous.

At what time our fecond fleet, which kept the
narrow feas, was come in and joined to our main
fleet. Bacon.

, There was the Plymouth fquadrdn now ccme in,
Which in"lhc Strcights laft winter was abroad.

Dryden.

26. To Comb in. To become modifti; to
be brought into ufe.

Then <-«»ie rich cloaths and graceful aflion in,
Then inftruments were taught more moving notes.

Silken garments did not come in till late, and the
ufe of them in men was often reftrained by law.
Arhuibnot on Coin:.

27. To Come in. To be an ingredient;
to make part of a compofition.

A generous contempt of that in which too many
men place their liappinefs, muft come in to height-
en his chjraflcr. Aiterbury.

28. To Comb in. To accrue from an
eilate, trade, or ctherwife, as gain .

I had udicr be raaJ with hiin that, wh=n he
had nothing, thought all the Ihips that came into
the harbour his ; thin with you that, when you
have fo lyuch ccmirg ir., thir.k you have nothing.

Sucklirg,

29. 9^9 Come in. To be gained in abun-
dance.

Sweetheart, we Oialt be rich ere wc depart.
If fairings corre thus plentifully in. Hhakcjfeart.

30. To Come infer. To be early enough
to obtain : taken from hunting, where
the dogs that are flow get nothing.

shape and beauty, worth and education, wit and
underftanding, gentle nature and agreeable hu-
mour, honour and virtue, were to ccmiinfcr their
(hare of fuch contrails. 7emJ>k.

If thinking is efl'cntial to matter, ftocks and
ftones will come in for their Ihare of privilege.

Collier on Thought.

One who had in the rear excluded been.
And could not for a tafte 0' th' flcih ame in.
Licks the folid earth. Tate's Juvenal.

The reft came infer fubfidies, whereof they funk
coniiderable fums. Sivift.

31. To Come in to. To join with; to
bring help.

They marched to Wells, where the lord Audley,
with whom their leaders had before fccrct intelli-
gence, came in to them'; and was by them, with
great gladnefs and cries of joy, icceptcd as their
general. Bacon's Henry VH.

32. To Com into. To comply with ; to
agree to.

The fame of their virtues will make men ready
to come into every thing that is done for the publick
good. Alterhury.

33. To Come near. To approach ; to re-
femble in excellence : a metaphor from
races.

Whom you cannot equal or eome mar in doing,
you would deftroy or ruin with evil fpeaking*

i?t7i yonfon's Dijcovcrics.

The whole atchieved with fuch admirable in-
vention, that nothing ancient or modern feems to
ame isear it. ■ Temple.

34. To Come of. To proceed, as a de-
fcendant from anceftors.

Of Priam's royal race my mother earner

Dryden's ^ncid.

Self-love is fo natural an infirmity, that it makes
us partial even to tliofe tliat come of us, as well as
ourfelves. L'EJirange.

35. To Come of. To proceed, as effefts
f from their caufes.
, Will you pleafe. Sir, be gone ;

I told you wlut wrold come cythis.

Shahj'feare'i jyieltr's Tjk.

COM

The hlceoogh comes of folnefs »f m»st, e(pecl«
ally in children, which caul'eth an extenfion of th<
itomach. Barom.

This comes »/ judging by the eye, without con-
fulting the rcalon. L'EJIrange,

My young miftcr, whatever comes on 't, muft
have a wife looked out for bin by that time he
is of age. Locke,

36. To CoM^ off. To deviate ; to depart
from a rule or dircftion.

The figure- of a bell partaketh of the pyramis,
but yet coining offini dilating more fuddenly.

Bacon's Natural Hifttry,

37. TiCoMEo^ Toefcapc; to get free.

I knew the foul enchanter, though dilguis'd;
Enter'd the very lime-twigs of his fpells,
And yet came of. Milton.

How thou wilt here come off, furmounts my
reach. Milton.

If, upon fuch a fair and full trial, he can come
off, he is then clear and innocent. Suuth.

Thofe that are in any Cgnal danger Implore his
aid i and, if they come off faife, call their deliverance
a miracle. Addijon.

38. To Come off. To end an affair; to
take good or bad fortune.

Oh, bravely came we off.
When with a volley of our needlefs (hot.
After fuch bloody toil, we bid good-night.

Shakffpcare's Ki:ig Jchf!,

Ever fince Spain and England have had any tiling
to debate one with the other, the Engliih, upon all
encounters, have come off with honour and the
better. Bacon.

We muft expert fometimes to come off by the
worft, before we obtain the final conqucft. Calamy.

He oft, in fuch attempts as thefe.
Came s/f with giory and fuccefs. Uudihras.

39. To Come off from. To leave; to
forbear.

To come off from thefe grave difquifltions, t
would clear the point by one inftante more.

Felton on the Clafficks,

40. To Come on. To advance ; to make
progrefs.

Things feera to come on apace to their former
ftate. Bacon,

There was in the camp both ftrcngth and viftual
fuflicient for the obtaining of the viflory, if they
would not protra£l the war until winter were ccmt
en. KnoUcs's Hifiory,

The fca came on, the fouth with mighty roar
Difpers'd and dalh'd the reft upon the rocky fliore.

Drydtti,

So travellers, who wafte the day,
Noting at length the fetting fun.
They mend their pace as night comes on.

Granville,

41. To Come on. To advance to combat.

The great ordnance once difcharged, the armies
came faft on, and joined battle. '

Knolles's Hiftory of the Turks,

Rhymer, fome oil, and do the worft you can;
I fear not you, nor yet a better man. Dryden,

42. To Come on. To thrive; to grow
big ; to grow.

Come on, poor babe ;
Some powerful fpirit inftruft the kites and ravens
To be thy nurfes. Shakeffearc's JVinter's Tale.
It (hould feem by the experiments, both of the
malt and of the rofes, that they will come (a
fafter on in water than in earth ; k\ the nourifti-
ment is eaCer drawn out of water than out of
earth. Bacon's NMural Hiftory,

43. To Come over. To repeat an aft.

44. To Come o'ver. To revolt.

They arc perpetually tcazing their friends to ecme
over to them. Addifon's Sfedaior.

A man, in changing his fide, not only makes
himfelf hated by thofe he left, but is feldom hear-
tily eftecmcd by thofe Jic ctmei over to.

Addifin's SfeUator.

45-^"

COM

45. To Come over. To rife in diftillation.

Perhaps alfo the phlegmatick Mquor, that is
wont to cemt aver in this analjfi!, may, at lead as
to part of it, be produced by the operation of the
fire. , ,f.y''-

46. To Come ou.. To be made publick.

Before his book (cme nut, I had undertaken the
Mfwer of fevcral others. Stil!ii:gf:it.

I have been tedious; and, which i< worfe, it
Vc«« our from the Brft draught, and uncorr^ftcd.

47. To Come out. To appear upon trial ;
to be difcoTered.

It is indeed come cut at laft, that we are to look
on the faints as inferior deities. Stdliirgjljel.

The weight of the denarius, or the fevciith ot
» Roman ounce, ««« eut fixtj-two grains and
four fevenths. Arbuihmt.

48. To Come out luith. To give a vent
to ; to let fly.

Thofe great malers of chymical arcana mud
be provoked, before they will erne tut with them.
, _. Boyle.

49. To Come to. To confent or yield.
What is tliis, if my parfon will not c»mt t> f

Swift.

50. To Come to. To amount to.

The emperour impofed fo great a cuftom upon
all com to be tranfported out of Sicily, that the
very cuftoms came to as much as both the price of
the com and the freight together.

KnolUi'i Hijiory of the Turkt.
You faucily pretend to know
Kiore than your dividend coma to. Hudihrat.
Animals either feed upon vegetables immediate-
ly, or, which coma to the fame at laft, upon other
animals which have fed upon them.

IVoMlzvarJ'i Natural HiJIory.

He (lays not this tax immediately, yet his purfe

will find it by a greater want of money than that

tomet to. I^ocie.

51. To Come to bimjelf. To recover his
fenfes.

He falls into fweet ecftafy of joy, wherein I
Oull leave him till he coma to himjelf. Temflt.

52. To Com to pa/s. To be efFefted ; to
fall out.

It cmiib, we grant, many times tofafs, that the
works of men being the fame, their drifts and
purpofe therein are divers. Huoker.

How comei >l to fafi, that fome liquors cannot
pierce into or motilcn fome bodies, which are cafily
pervious to other liquors ? Boyle's Hift. cfFirmnefs.

53. To Co. ME Up. To grow out of the
ground.

Over-wet, at fowing-time, with us breedeth
much dearth, infumuch as the corn never comcth
up. Baccn.

If wars ftould mow them down never fo fart,
yet they may be fuddenly fupplied, and comt up
again. Bacon.

Good intentions ^re the feeds of good aftions ;
and every man ought to fow thera, whether they
com/' up or no. TanpU.

54. TaCoME up. To come intoufe; as, a
fajhion comei up.

5,5. To Com e up to. To amount to.

H'. prepares for a furrender, alTerting that all

thcfc will not comeup to near the quantity requilite.

IVooA'ward'i Natural WJlt^ry.

56. To Come up to. To rife; to advance.

Whofc ignorant cred'jUty will not
Ctmt up to th' truth. Hhakefpeare's ff^inicr'i Tale.

Conhderations there are, that may make us, if
not etme uf to the character of thole who rejoice
in tfilu'a iorj», yet at lead fatitfy th.; duty of be-
ing patient. ff'tke's Preparathnfr D,aib.

The vedei bylTina:, which fome ladies wore,
muft have been of fuch extraordinary price, that
there i( no (luff in our age comes up 10 it.

yirhutbnot on Coini.

When the heart iofvll, it ti angry at all worrts
that cannot «BK 1^ r« it. Swift.

COM

^T. To Coyiz up luith. To overtake.

58. To Coi.it. upon. To invade ; to attack.

Three hundred horfe, and three thoufand foot
Englilh, commanded by Sir John Norris, were
charged by Parma, coming upon them with feven
thoufand horfe. Bacon.

When old age cotnes upon him, it comes alone,
bringing no other evil with it but itfelf. Souib.

59. To Come. In futurity; npt prefent ;
to happen hereafter.

It ferveth to difcover that which is hid, aiwell
as to foretel that which is 10 come.

Bacon's Natural Htjlory,
In times to come.
My waves (hall wa(h the walls of mighty Rome.

Dryden.

Taking a leafe of land for years to ecme, at the

rent of one hundred pounds. _ Locke.

60. Come is a word of which the ufe is
various and extenfive, but the radical
fignification of tendency hithertuard is
uniformly preferved. When we fay he
came from aplace, the idea is that of re-
turning, or arriinng, or becoming near-
er ; when we fay he 'went from a place,
we conceive fimply departure, or re-
moval to a greater diftance. The but-
ter comes ; it is paffing from its former
Hate to that which is defired ; it is ad-
vancing towards us.

Come, [participle of the verb.]

Thy words were heard, and I am come to thy
wr rd s. Daniel.

Come. A particle of exhortation; be
quick; make no delay.
dme, let us make our father drink wine.

Gen. xix. 32.

Come. A particle of reconciliation, or
incitement to it.

Come, cime, at all 1 laugh he laughs no doubt \
The only difference is, I dare laugh out. Pope.

Co M E. A kind of adverbial word for nuhen
it Jhall come ; as, come IVednefday, when
Wednefday (hall come.
Ccme Candlemas, nine years ago /he died. Gay.

Comb. »./. [from the verb.] A fprout : a
cant term.

That the malt is fufficiently well dried, you may
know both by the taftc, and alfo by the falling off
of the come or fprout. M'.rtivur's Hujbandry.

Come'dian. ». f. [from comedy.'\
I . A player or adlor of comic parts.
J. A player in general ; a ftage-player ;
an aftrefs or aftor.

MclilTirion, pretty honey-bee, whenofarow?-
dian (he became a wealthy man's wife, would be fa-
luted Madam PithiaF, or Prudence. Camd. Remains.

3. A writer of comedies.

Scallgcr willcth u: to admire Plautus as a come-
dian, but Teie«ce as a pure and elei^ant fpeaker.
PeacbamofPi,etry.

CO'MEDY. »./. [comedia, Lat.] A dra-
matick reprefentation of the lighter
faults of mankind, with an intention to
make vice and folly ridiculous : oppofed
to tragedy.

Your honour's players
Are come to play a pleafant comedy.

Shaktip. Taming of the Sbrevf.
A long, cxaft, and ktiua^ xomeJy ;
In every Icene fome mora! lot it tc <ch,
And, if it can, at once b'>'.b pleafc and preach.

Pope.

Co'meliness. /». /. [from ««f/('.] Grace;

beauty ; dignity. It fignifies fomcthing

lefs forcible than beauty, lefs elegant

than^riJir, and lefs light than pretlinefs.

A cateleli cune/inii's with cvirifly cart. Si.i •j'.

COM

The fervfte of God hath not fuch perfeSion of
grace and comelinefs, as when the dignity of the
place doth concur. Hooker.

They IkiUcd not of the goodly ornaments of
poetry, yet were fprinkled with fome pretty flowers,
which gave good grace and comelinefs.

Spenfer on Irelard.
Hardly, (hall you meet with man or woman fo
aged or ill-favoured, but, if you will commend
tliem for eomelincji, nay and for youth too, ihall
take it well. South.

There is great pulchr!t\ide and cosncUrrfs of pro .
portion in the leaves, flowers, and fruits of plants.
iJtfy on the Creation^
A horfeman's coat (hall hide,
Thy taper (h.ipe, and comdinefi of fide. Prior.

CO'MELY. adj. [from iecome } or from
cpenian. Sax. to pleafe.]

1. Graceful; decent; having dignity or
grandeur of mien or look. Comelinefs
feems to be that fpecies of beauty which
excites refpeft rather tlian pleafure.

If the principal part of beauty is in decentmo-
tion, no marvel though perfons in years feem many
times more amiable J for no youth can bf comely
but by pardon, and confldering the youth as to
make up the comelinefs. Bacon.

He that is comply, when old and decrepit, furely
was very beautiful when he was young. Souti,

Thou art a cotncly, young, and valiant knight.

Dryden.

2. Ufed of things, decent ; according to
propriety.

Oh, what a world is thi«, when what is^eonlefy
Envenoms him that bears it. Sbak. jts you like it.

This is a happier and more comely time.
Than when thefe fellows ran about the ftreets,
Crying confufion. Sbakejpeare's Coridanus,

Co'mely. adv. [from tne adjedive. ]
Handfomely ; gracefully.

To ride cov.tly, to play at all weapons, to dance
comely, be very neceljary for a courtly gentleman.
Afcham's Schodnajier,

Co'mek. n.f. [from come.] One that comes.

Time is like a falhionable hoft.
That (lightly (hakes his parting gueft by th' hand ;
But with his arms outftretch'd, as he would fly,
Grafps in the comer: welcome ever fmiles.
And farewel goes out fighing. Sbak. Troil. andCreJfl

Yourfclf, renowned prince, then flood as fair.
As any ccwcr 1 have tuok'd on yet.
For my affeflion. Sbakcjp. Merchant tf Venice,

Plants move upwards ; but, if the fap puts up too
faft, it makcth a (lender ftalk, which will not fup-
port the weight ; and therefore thefe are all fwift
and hally comers. Bacon.

It is natural to be kind to the laft £-9mrr. L'EJi,

Now leave thofe joys, unfuiting to tliy age.
To a frelh coiner, and refign t!ic (lage. Dryden.

The renowned cliamplonof our lady of Lorctto,
and tlie miraculous tranllation of her chapei ; about
which he hath publilhed a defiance to the world,
and olferfc to prove it againfl al! comers. Stillingfett.

.There it is not Itiange, that the mind (houli
give itfelf up to the common opinion, or render it-
iclf to the lirfl comer. Locke.

Houfe and heart are open for a friend ; the pal.
fage is eafy, and not only admits, but even invite:.,
tlic cvmtt . South,

CO'M ET. n. f. [cometa, Lat. a hairy ftar. ]
A heavenly body in the planetary region, appeal-
ing fuddenly, and again diiappearing j and, during
the time of its appearance, ijioving through, its
proper orbit like a pljuet. The orbits oi coinrfi
are cllipfes, having one of their loci in the centre
of the fun ; and being very long and cccentriik,
they become invjfibie when in that part moll rr-
mot;: from th: fun. Comets, popularly ciUed blar-
ing ftars, are dilVinguifhed from other flats by a
long train <jt tail of light, always <»pp'>(ite tp the
fun : hence irifcs a popular divifion oi' comets into
three -kinds, bi'arded, tailed, -and tjircd cmtt% ;
though the divili in ratli^r relates to the diflerent
circemllances of the fame congrr, than to the ph-e-
iiomenaof the (cvtral. Th-j.-wlicntliei.-Trcfi; ;-aft-
V \ 1 wa.-i

COM

wtrd of ilrf lUn, »nd mnvf$ from it, the etmct is

• laid to br brardcd, /'arhi»<, bfciufe th? light
marches before it. When the liglit ikWcft*aici uf
the fun, the nmct is fiiJ Ui be tailed, beciufe tlie
train f jIIows it. When the ami! alid the fun are
diametriciUy oppofite, the earth buitig between
them, tlie crain U hid behind the body of the comet ,
cnepting a little that appears around it, in form of
4 border of hair, h^nce called cr'w'uus,

Recording to Sir Ifiac Newton, the tail of ifs-
pifl is a very thin vapour, emitted by the head or
nucleus of the ccmet, ignited by the neighbourhood
to the fun; and this vapour is furniOied by theat-
jtiofphere of tiie ccmer. The vapours of ccmttt be-
' incr thus dilateJ, rarefied, gnd diffufedimay proba-
bly, by ni«ans of their own gravity, be attratfteJ
down to the planets, and become intermingled with
their atmcfpheres. For the confervaiion of the
water and moifture of the planets, csmetf fecm ab-
folutely requifite; from whofe condenfed vapours
and exhalation! all that moifture which is fpent in
vegetations and putrefaAions, and turned into dry
earth, m.iy be refupplied and recruited ; for allve-
geubles increafe wholly from fluids, and turn, by
putiefa^ion, into earth. Hence the ({uantity of
dry eiEth muft continually increafe, and the moi-
fture of the globe decrcafe, and at laft be quite eva-
r rated, if it have not a continual fupply. And
fufpeft, adds Sir Ifaac, that the fpirit which
makes the fineft, fubtileft, and bed part of our
•ir, and which is abfolutely requifite for the life and
being of all things, comes principally from the (o-
men.

The fame great author has computed that the"
fun's heat, in the amtt of 1680, was, to his heat
with us at Midfummer, as twenty-eight thoufand
to one ; and that the heat of the body of the camit
viaS near two thoufand times as great as that of

• red-hot iron. He alfo calculates, that a globe of
xed-hot iron, of the dimenfions of our earth, would
fcarce be cool in fifty thoufand years. If then
the ecmgt be fuppufed to cool a hundred times as
fart as red-hot iron, ytt, fincc its heat was two
thoufand times greater, fuppoCng it of the btgnefs
of t)\e earth, it would not be cool in a million ot
years* Trnjoux. Cbamhtrs*

And wherefore gaze this goodly company,
As if they faw fame wond'rous monument,
"Some ccirit, or unufual prodigy ?

Sbakiff. Taming eft be Shre^v.

Such his fell glances as the fatal light
Of ftaring comets, Crajhaia.

I coniidered a cimel. Or, in the language of the
vuigar, a blazing-ftar, as a iky-rocket difcharged
by an hand that is almighty. jUdiJon" s Guardian.

Fierce meteors (hoot their arbitrary light.
And ccmtts march with lawlefs horrors bright.

Prior.

'Co'metary. \a^j. [from ci>met.'\ Relat-
Come'tick. 3 ing to a comet. .

Refraflions oi light are in the planetary and co-
fiutary regions, as on our globe. Cbtyne^i Phil. Pnn.
CO'MFIT. ». / [Maria arida, Lat.
ktinfit, Dutch. It fhould feem that both
are formed by hafty pronunciation from
ccnftS.'] A dry fweetmeat ; any kind of
fruit or root preferved with fugar, atid
dried.

By iecding me on beans and peafe,
> He. crams in nafty crevices.
And turns to comfits by his arts.
To make me relifh for dcflcrts. Uudihrcs.

To Co'.M PIT. t*. a. [from the noun.] I'o
preferve dry with fugar.

Tl e fruit that docs fo quickly wafle,
Men fcarce can fee it, much Icfs tafte.
Thou cotKftiJl in flrfcts to make it laft. Cmvlty.

Co'mpiture. »./. [from comfit, ot con-
/e3Kre.] Sweetmeat.

From country grafs to amfilnres of court.
Or city's quelque-chofes, let not report
My mind tranfport. Donne.

To CO'MFORT. V. a. [com/orto, low La-
tin. Salvia c(,mf(.rtat nervou SdohSal.}

COM

r. Toftrengthcnj to enliven; to invigo-
rate.

The evidence of God's own tcftimony, added
unto the natural afl'ent of rcafibn, concerning the
<ertainty of them, dotia not a little crnifart and con-
firm the ffme. Hooker.

Light excclleth in eimfcriir.g the fpirits of men ;
light varird dith tlie fame eifedl, with more no-
velty. Tills is the caufc why precious Hones cim-
fart. Bacon's Niilvral U^icry.

Snme of the abbots had keen guilty of comfort-
ing and aflifting thi- rebels. Ay^ifc's Par rfcm.

2. To confole ; to ftrengthen the mind
under the prefiiire of calamity.

They bemoaned him, and cMnforttd him, over
all tb: evil that the Lord bad brought upon him.

yt^, xlii. II.

Co'mfoiit. n. /. [from the verb.]

1. Support; aflillance ; countenance.

Poynlngs made a wild chace upon the wild Irifli ;
where, in rtfpeft of the mountains and faftneffes,
he did little good, which he would needs impute
unto the ccmfort that the rebels fhould receive un-
derhand from the carl of Kildare. Bacon,

The king did alfo appoint commlflioners for
the fining of all fuch as were of any value, and
had any hand or partaking in the aid or comfort of
Perkins, or the Cornilhmcn. Bacon.

2. Confolation ; fupport under calamity
or danger.

Her foul heaven's queen, whofe name (he bears,
In comf'^rt of her mother's fears,
Has plac'd among her virgin train. Btn Jonfon.

As they have no apprehenfion of thofe riling;,
fo they need no comfort againft them. TiUcitJon.

3. That which gives confolation or fupport
in calamity.

I will keep her ign'rant of her good,
To make her heav'nly comforts of defpair,
When it is leaft cxpedlrd. Sbak. McaJ. fir Meaf.

Your children w^re vexation to your youth.
But mine /hall bi a comfort to your age.

Shakffcare's Richjrd III.
We need not fear
To pafs commodioufly this life, furtain'd
By him with many comforts, till we end
In dull, our final reft and native home. Afillen.

Co'm FOR TABLE. ac/J. [from com/art. ]

1 . Receiving comfort ; fufceptible of com-
fort ; cheerful : of perfons. Not in ufe.

For my fake be comfortable i hold death
A while at the arm's end. Stakeff. As you like it.

My lord leans wond'roufly to difcontcnt ;
His comfortatie teraper has forfook him ;
He is much out of health. SbakeJ/>eare's Timen.

2. Admitting comfort : of conditions

What can promife him • «w/irMi/i; appearance
before his dreadful judge ? South.

3. Difpenfing comfort ; having the power
of giving comfort.

He had no brother, which, though it be am-
firtable for kings to have, yet draweth the fub-
jefts eyes afide. Bacon's Henry VII.

The lives of many miferahlc men were faved,
and a comfirtetle provifion made for their fubfift-
ence. Drydcn's Fables, Dedication.

Co'mfortably. ad-j. [from comfortable.']
In a comfortable manner ; with cheer-
ful ncfs ; without defpair.

Upon view of the finccrity of that performance,
hope ccmfortatty and cheerfully for God's perform-
ance. HiimmQnd.
Co'mforter. n. /. [horn comfort.]
1. One that adminiftcrs confolation in mis-
fortunes ; one that ftrengthens and fup-
ports the mind in mifery or danger.

This very prayer of Chrift obtained angels to be
fent him, nscimfirteis in his agony. Hooker.

The hcav'ns have blel> ycu with a goodly fon,
To be a eomfirtir when he it gone.

Sbakejfiart'i Richard HI.

c o U

Kincveh is laid wi(te, who will bemetnherf

whence (ball I fii k comforters fur thee r Neb. iii . 7.

*. The title of the Third Perfon of the

Holy, Trinity ; the Paraclete.
Co'm FORT LESS. aJj. [irom comfort.]
Wanting comfort ; being without any
thing to allay misfortune ; ufed of per-
fons as well as things.

Yet fliall not my death be comforthfs, receiving

it by your fcntencc. Sidntj,

Where w as a cave, y wrought with wond'rous ai-f,

Deep, dark, uncafy, <k-,leful, comfortleft. Fairy aj.

New-f fitting to the night ;
Black, fearful, (omforilefs, and hoirible.

Sbakefpcare' s King yobn.
* On thy feet thon ftood'ft at laft,

Though comfortlcfs, as when a father mourns
His children, all in vievf dellroj 'd at once. Miltcm.
That unfociable ctmfertlejs dcafnetshad notquite
tired me. Swift.

Co'mfrey. ». f. [con/oIiJa, Lat. com-
frie, French.] A plant. MilUr.

Co'mical. adj. [<-(f/B;V«j, Latin.]
I. Raifing mirth ; merry; diverting.

The greatcil refembiancc of our author is in
the familiar ftile and pleafing way of relating coni-
cal adventurejof that nature. Drydcn's Fab. Pref.

Something fo comical in the voice and geftorcs,
that a man can hardly forbear being plcafed.

Addifon on Italy.

1. Relating to comedy ; befitting come-
dy ; not tragical.

That all migiit appear to be knit up In a comical
conclufion, the duke's daughter was afterwards
joined in marriage ti the lord Lifle. Hayward^
They deny it to be ttagical, bccaufe its caiallro-
phe is a wedding, which hath ever been afsounted ,
comical. Cay%

Co'micalTv. adv. [from comical.]

1. In fuch a manner as raifes mirth.

2. In a manner befitting comedy.
Co'micalness. 71. f. [from fo»«;Va/.] The

quality of being comicsd ; the power of
raifing mirth.
CO'MICK. adj. [comicus, Lat. cemijue,
French.]

1 . Relating to comedy ; not tragick.

1 never yet the tragick mofe elTay'd,
Deterr'd by thy inimitable maid ;
And when I venture at the comick ftile.
Thy fcornful lady feems to mock my toil, trailer,

A aimiik fubjeft loves an humble verfc j
Thyel^es fcorns a low and comick ftile ;
Yet comedy fometimes may raife her voice. Kofc,

Thy tragick mufe gives bniles, thy comick deep.

Drydaim

2. Raifing mirth.
Stately triumphs, mirthful comick (hows.

Such as befit the pleafure. Sbaieff>eiir/'s Henry VI,

Co' MING. K.f. [from To come. ]
I. The aft of coming ; approach.

Where art thou, Adam ! wont with joy to meet
My coming, feen far off' ? Aliltcn's Paradife Left.

Sweet the coming on
Of grateful evening mild. Mdton't Paradife Lo/f*

z. State of being come ; arrival.

May 't pleafe you, nubic Madam, to withdraw
Into your private chamber j we Ihall give you
The full caufc of our coming. Sbakefp. Henry VIII.

Some people in America counted their years by
the coming of certain birds amongft them at theit
certain feafuns, and leaving them at othrrs. Locke.

Co.MiNC-iN. n.f. Revenue; income.

Here's a fmall trifle of wives ; eleven widovn
and nine maids is a fimple coming-in for one man*

Sbakcffteare.
What are thy rents? what are thy cimings-int
O ceremony, fliew me but thy worth I
What is ihy loll, O ailoration ? Sbakrfp. Henry V.
Com I N c . particifial adj. [from come,]
I . Fond ; forward ; ready to come.

Nov»

COM

IJow will I be your Rofilini i« a men em'mg

tm (Jiipofition ; and, afk me wbat you will, 1 will

grant it. SiakeffMri:.

That very lapidary hJrafelf, with a <-»n<;i^ fto-

inach, and in tlic co. ':.'$ ylace, would hive majt

the cock's choice. L'EJirangc.

That he had been (j affcftionate a hufbind, was

no ill argument to the cmir:^ dowager. Dryder..

Oil morning wings haw adtive (prings the min J I

How eaf/ every labour it purfucs.

How CGmirg to the poet cv'ry mufc ! Pife'l Bvace.

t. Future ; to come.

Praitc of great atli he fcatters, as a feed
Which may thcilke in coming ages breed. Rofctm.
Comi'tial. adj. [comitia, Lat. an afl'em-
bly of the Romans.] Relating to the
aflemblies of the people of Rome.
Co'Miry. »._/". [comiiai, Latin.] Cour-
tefy ; civility ; gooJ-breediiig. Did.
Co'mma. »./ [wft^*.]

1. The point which notes the diftinftion of
claufes, and order of conrtruftion.in the-
fentence ; marked thus [,].

C'.mmas and points they fet exatl'y right. Pafe.

2. The ninth part of a tone, or the inter-
val whereby a femitone or a perfeft tone
exceeds the imperfeft tone. It ijaterm
ufed only in theorical mufick, to (hew the
exaft proportions between concords. Har.

To COMlMA'ND. -v. a. [commander, Fr.
tnando, Lat,]

1. To govern; to give orders to; to
hold in fubjedion or obedience : corre-
lative to obey.

Louie, this feather,
Obeying with my wind when I do blow.
And yielding to another when it blows,
Commamid a:wa)S by the greater guft ;
Such ii the Ughtnefs of you common men.

Shakejfiare'i Hmrj VI.

Chrill could cemmand legions of angels to hit
refcue. Decay of Piety.

Should he, who was thy lord, command thee now
With a barlh voice, and fupercilious brow.
To fervile duties. DryJai's PerJ. Sat. 5.

The queen commavdty and weUI obey.
Over the hills, and far away. Old Seng,

2. To order ; to dire£l to be done : con-
trary to prohibit.

My confcience bids me alk, wherefore you have
Commanded of me thefe mod poisonous compounds ?

Shakefpcare.

We will facrifice to the Lord our Cod, as he Ihall
ttmmand m, Excdus,\\\'uz-j.

Whatever hypocrites aufterely tallc
Of purity, and place, and innocence,
Defaming as impure what God declares
Pure, and amfKands to fome, leaves free to all.
Our maker bids increafe; who bids abdain
But our deftroyer, foe to God and man ? Afi/tcn.

3. To have in power.

If the ftrong cane fupport thy walking hand.
Chairmen no longer Siall the wall ctmmand.

Gay^i Trivia.

4. To overlook ; to have fo fubjed as
that'it may be feen or annoyed.

Up to the Eal^ern tower,
Whofc height commimdi as fubjiit all the vale.
To fee the light. Shahff. TroHut and CreJ/ida.

Hia eye might there temmanj wherever Hood
City, ot old or modern fame, the feat
Of mightiell empire. Mi/ton.

One lide ccmnaadi a view of the' fincft garden in
the world. ^ Mdijun't Guardian.

5. To lead as a general.

Thofe he ccmmandt move only in command,
nothing in love. Shaiiffeari'i Macbeth.

TiCoM.MA'ND. V, n. To have the fu-
preme authority; to poffefs the chief
power ; 10 govern.

COM

Thofe two cummanding powers of the foul, the
underftanding and the will. South.

Comma'nd. n.f. [from the verb.]

1. Therightof commanding; power; fu-
prcme authority. It is uled in military
aiFairs, as jnagiftracy or government in
civil life ; with 0 Wr.

Take pity of your town and of your pc4ple.
While yet my foldiers are in my cemmand.

Staiiff can's Henry V.
WiA li jhtning fill her avvtul hand,
And make the clouds fecm all at her ammand.

trailer.
He alTumed an abf;>lute ammand tmcr Iris readers.

Dryden.

2. Cogent authority ; defpotifm.

CoKinand and force may often create, but can
never cure, aa averlion ; and whatever any one is
brought to by compulfion, he will leave as foon as
he can. Locir on Education.

3. The aft of commanding ; the mandate
uttered ; order given.

Of this tree wc may not tafte nor touch ;
God fo commanded, and left that command
Sole daughter of his voice. Milton' t Parad. Lofi.

As there is no prohibition of it, fo no command
for it. _ Taylor.

Xte captain gives command, the joyful train
Glide thro' the gloomy Ihade, and leave the main.

Drydin.

^. The power of overlooking or furveying
any place.

The ftffp)' ftand.
Which overlooks the vale with wide command.

Dryden's j¥lndd.
Comma'nder. n./. [from command.]

1. He that has the fupieme authority; a
general ; a leader ; a chief.

We'll do thee homage, and be rul'd by thee;
Love thee as our commander and our king. Sbak.

1 haVL' given him for a leader and commander to
the people. Ifaiah, Iv. 4.

The Romans, when commanders in war, fpake to
their army, and ftyled them. My foldierf.

Bacon's Apofhtlegmi.

Charles, Henry, and Francis of France, often
adventured rather as foldiers than as commanden.

Hayivard.

Sir Phelim O'Neil appeared as their commander
in chief. Clarendon.

Supreme commander hotii of lea and land.

fTal/er.

The beroick 'aflion of fome great' commander,
enterprifed for the common good, and honour of
the Chriftian caufe. Dryden.

Their great commanders, by credit in their ar-
mies, fell into the fcalcs as a counterpoife to the
people. Stvi/t.

2. A paving beetle, or a very great wooden
mallet, with an handle about three foot
long, to ufe in both hands. Moxon.

3. An inftrument of furgery.

The glofloconiium, comm'rnly called the com-
mander, is of ufe in the moft ftrong tough bodies,
and where the luxation hath been of long conti-
nuance* IVifeman's Surgery.

Comma'ndf.r'V. n.f. [from command.']
A body of the knights of Malta, be-
longing to the fame nation.

CoMM a'ndment. n.f. \commandement ,
French.]

I. Mandate ; command ; order ; precept.

They plainly require lotce fpecial commandment
for that which is ejtailcd at their bandi. Booker.
Say, you chofe him more after owe commandment.
Than guided by your own affeftions.

Shakcfpeare's Coriolanus.

By the eafy commandment by God givjn to Adam,

to forbear to feed thpreon, it plctfed Cod to malv

■ trial of hi! obc4i«i.ce. Raleigh's HiJIory of tbt fVorU.

COM

J. Authority ; coaclive power.

I thought that all things had betn favig- here.
And therefore put I on tile counti--nance
0( ^tm commandmcM. Shakiff. jlty^liifrrt

3. By way of eminence, the precepts of
the decalogue given by God to Mofes.

And he write upon the tables lite word^ of the
covenant, and the ten cejitmandin'n's.

Exodus, xxxiv. I? .
Comma'ndre«%. v.f. [from commander,]
A woman veiled with fupreme autho-
rity.

To prefcribe the order of doing in all things, 13
a peculiar prerogative, wiach wifdom hath, as qaccn
or fovereign commardrefs, over all other virtues.

Hooktf,

Be you commar.drejs therefore, princefs, queen

Of all our forces, be thy word a law. Yairfax.

Commate'rial. adj. [from conzxi^ma-

teria.] Confifting of the fame Diattsr

with another thing.

The b-aks in birds are eommateriii! w'llh teeth.

Bacotr^
The body adjacent and ambient is not comma-
terial, but merely heterogeneal towards the body to
beprcfervcd. Bacosi,

CoMM ATERi a'mty. n.f. [from comma-
terial.] Refemblance to fomething ia
its matter.
Co'mmeline. n.f. [commelina, Latin.]
A plant. Miller.

Comme'.vior ABLE. adj. [from commemo-
rate.] Deferving to be mentioned with
honour ; worthy to be kept in remem-
brance.
Tfl Comme'mor ATE. "v. a. [ffln and me-
moro, Latin.] To preferve the memory
by fome publick aft ; to celebrate fo-
lemnly. ■•»

Such is the divine mercy which we now comme-
morate \ and, if we commemorate it, we Ihall rejoice
in the Lord. Fiddes,

Comme'moration. n.f. [fiom commemo-
rate.] An aft of public celebration;
foUmnization of the memory of any
thing.

That which is daily ofTercd in the church, is a
daily commemoration of that one facrifice offered on
the crofs. Taylor.

St. Auftin believed that the martyrs, when the
'commemorations were made at their own fcpulchres,
did join their prayers with the churches, in behalf
of thofe who there put up their fuppUcatinns to God.

Stillin^feet.

Commemoration was formerly made, with thankf-

giving, in honour of good men departed this world.

Aylijfc's Parergon,

Comme'morative. adj. [from commtmo-

rate.] Tending to preferve memory of

any thing.

The annual offering of the Pafchal lamb was
commt'moraii've of that firC. Pafchal lamb. Attcrh.

The original ufe of facrifice was commfmorative
of the original revelation ; a fort of daily memorial
or record of what God declared, and manvbelieved.

forSes,

raCOMME'NCE. v. n. [commencer, Fr.]

1. To begin ; to take beginning:.

Why hath it given me earned of fucccfs, '
Commencing in a truth ? Shakejpeare's Macbeth,

Man, confcious of his immortality, caiyiot be
without concern for uhat ftate that is to commence
after this life. Rogers.

2. To take a new charafter.

If wit fo much trom ign'raiKf un^rrg'', .
Ah ! let not learning too commmer h: toe ! Pcfie.

To Comme'nce. 'V. a. To begin: to
make a beginning of: as, to commence
afuit.

Moil

C O M

COM

COM

'Vlok Oiallowly did yoo thefe armi nmmnut,
Tondly brought here, and faoliihly fent hence.

Sheliffart.
Co M M e'n cement. ».y; [from cemmtact.'\
Beginning ; date.

The waters were g>tlier;d together into oreplacc,
the third diy from tf>e {-nmineiirrnl of the cri-atitn.
If^uiiTvjrti's Natural Hi'^cry,
.To COMME'ND. v. a. [ccmmenJo, Lat.]
J . To reprelent as worthy of notice, re-
gard, or kindnefs ; to recommend.

Aft;r BaibarolT3.wai arrived, it was known how

ptfcCtuaily the chief biil'i had ctrninmdej him to

Solyman. Kml/cs't HiJIvy.

Among the ohjeds of knowledge, two cfpecial-

ly romrttrd themielves to our contt-mplatioi) ; the

icnawledgeof Gud, and the knowledge ofoutfelves.

JiaWi Qr'sgitt cf Afankind*

Vain -glory it a principle 1 cemn.cnd lo no man.

Decay >/ Piety.

2 . To deliver up with confidence.

To thee 1 i'i corr/rcTiJ my watchful foul,
Ere 1 Idt fail the windows of mine eyes :
Sleeping and waking, O drfend me iliil !

, Siatfjjptare'i Richard lU.

Father, into thy handi 1 c«>;ffir>i<'myfpiiit. Luke.

3. To prailfe; to mention with approba-
tion.

Who is Silvia ? What it (he,
That all our fwains cnmmc/.d her ?
Holy, fair, .ind wife is (he. Shaiijptare.

Old men do moft exceed in this point of folly,
coTnmei^dir.g the days of their youth they fcarce re-
membered, at leaft <vcll undcrflood not.

Srcnuni Vul^tlr Errours.

Helov'dmy worthlefs rhymes; and, like a friend,

"Would find out fomcthing to commend' Ccw/ty.,

Hiftorians commend .Alexander foi weeping when

be read the actions of Achilles.

Jirydcn'i ViTgiCi ^xcid. Dedication.
Each Anding, i.k.c a friend,
Sometbuig to blame, and foiiiediing to commend.

Pcfe.

4. To mention by way of Jceeping in me-
mory ; to recommend to remembrance.

^ Signior Antlionio

Commends him to you.

Ere I ope his letter,

I pray you tell me how my good friend doth.

Shakejpcare^i Merchant of Venice.

5 . To produce to favourable notice.

The chorus was only tr> give the young ladies an
occafion of entertaining the French king with vo-
cal mufick, Ind of commending their own voice:,.

Dryden's Dufrejmy.

6. Tofend.

Thefe draw the diariot which Latinus fends,
And the rich prefent to fhe prince cmmends.

Dryden^s j^neid.

Comme'nd. »./ [from the verb.] Com-
mendation. Not now in ufe.

Tell her I fend to hci my kind c.mmrnJs -■
Take fpecial caie my grcetinfi be dciiver'd.

Sii.ik4l>iafe'i RhhardW.
Comme'nd ABLE. ailj. [from comme><d.'\
Laudable; worthy of praife. Ancient-
ly accented on the iirft fyllable.

. And power, unto Jticjf moft conm, ndable,
Hath not a tomb fr* evident, as a chair
T' extol what it hath done. Skakrjf. Corhhnut.
Order.and decent ceremonies in the church, are
Bot only comely, but commendai/le.

Baein'i Advice to Villien,
Many heroes, and moft wortliy pcrfonf, being
<Aifliciently ammeiuLl/le from true and uiniuciiion-
able merit, have received advancement from falfe-
hood. Bnnvni Vulgar Errcuru

Uritannia is not drawn, like other countries, in
a foft i'earfful pofturr ; but is adorned with em-
blems that mark out the military genius of her in-
habitants. This is, I think, tlie only cimmendahle
quality that the oil poets hayc touched upon in th«
dcfctiptioa of OMi country. A^ldijon on Moduli.

CoMMc'KOABLy. adnj. [from camnund-
ahh.^ Laudably ; in a manner worthy
of commendation.

Of preachers the (hire holdeth a number, all
cemmendahly labouring in their vocation.

Care^v^l Survey cj" Cornvjail.

COMME'NDAM. [commenda, low Latin.]

Commendam is a bcnelice, which,' being void, is
commended to the charge and care of fome fuffi-
cient clerk, to be fupplicd until it be conveniently
provided of a pador. - Cciuell.

It had been once mentioned to him, that his
peace Ihould be made, if he would rcfign his bi-
(hoprick, and deanry of Wcftminfter; for he had
that in commendam, Clarendcn.

Comme'ndatary. n. f. [from commen-
dam.'] One who holds a living in com-
mendam.

Commenda'tion. n.f. [fr«m commend.']

1. Recommendation ; favourable repre-
fentation.

This jewel and my gold are youn, provided I
have your eommendatim for my more free entertain-
ment. Shakeffieare'i Cytnbeiine.

The choice of them Ihould be by the ammenda-
tion of the great officers of the kingdom. Bacon.

2. Praife; declaration of efteem.

His fame would not get fo fweet and noble an air
to fly in as in your breath, fo could not you find a
fitter fubjcft of commendation. Sidney.

3. Ground of praife-

Good-nature is the moft godlike commendation of
a man. Drydeni Juvenal, Dedication.

4. Meflage of love.

Mrs. Page has her hearty commendations to you
too. Sbakejfcarc.

Hark you, Margaret,
No princely commcndaticr.s to my king !
■ ■ Such commendations as become a maid,
A virgin, and his fcrvant, fay to him.

Shakefpeare' s Henry Vi,^
Comme'ndaTORY. adj. [from commend.]
Favourably reprefentativej containing
praife.

It doth much add to a manV-i reputation, and is
like perpetual letters ccmmemlatory, to have good
forms J to attain them, it almoft fuHiceth not to
defpife them. . Bacon^s Effiiys,

Wc beftow the flourifti of ^poetry on thofe rom-
werdatory conceits, which popularly fct forth the
emintincy of this creature. Brov^ns Vulgar Err.

If I can think that neither he nor you defpife me,
it is a greater honour to me, "by far, than if all the
houfe of lords writ commendatory vcrfcs upon me.

Pope.

Comme'nder. n. /. [from compiend.]

Praifer.
Such a concurrence of two extremes, by moft of

the fame commenders and difprovcrs. }Voiton.

Commensa'lity. n.f. [from commeu/a-

lis, Lat.] Fellowftiip of table ; the cuf-

tom of eating together.

They being enjoined and prohibited certain foods,
thereby to avoid community with the Gentiles, upon
promifcuous commenfality. Breton's Vulgar Err.

Com MENSOR abi'lit V. n.f. [from com-
menfurahle.] Capacity of being com-
pared with anetht-r, as to the mc-afiirc ;
or of being mcafured by anotheo". Thus
an inch and a yard arc commenfurable,
a yard containing a certain namber of
inches ; the diameter and circumference
of a circle are incommenfurable, not
being reduccable to any common mea-
fure. Propoition.

Someplace ihe efliince thereof in the proportion
of parts, conceiving it to confift in a comely rtm-
menjurability of the whole unto the parts, and the
paits between tbemfeivet. Brown.

Com me'nsvr ABLE. adj. [con and »m>
/ura, Latin.] Reducible to fome com-
mon meafurc ; as a yard and a foot are
mealured by a-n inch.

Com M e'n su R a b le n ess. »./. [from com-
men/uraBle.'] Commenfurability ; pro-
portion.

There is no eommenfurahlenefs between this ob-
ject and a created underftanding, yet there it a
congruity and connaturality.

Hale's Origin tf Maniini^

To COMME'NSURATE. -v. a. [con and
menjura, Lat.] To reduce to fome com-
mon meafure. '
That divifion is not natural, but artificial, and
by agreement, as the aptcft terms to conimenfuraie
the longitude of places. Brcii'n's Vulgar Errours,

Comme'nsurate. ad/, [from the verb.]

1. Reducible to fome conamon meafure.

They permitted no intelligence between them,
other than by tlie mediation of fome organ equally
ecmmerfurate to foul and body.

Government of the Tongue.

2, Equal; proportionable to each other.

Is our knowledge adequately commenfarate with
the nature of things ? Glanville's Scifjii,

Thofe who are perfuaded that they fhall conti-
nue for ever, cannot chufe but afplre after a hap-
pinefs comnunfurate to their duiation. Tillotfon,

Nothing commenfurate to the deQres of human
nature, o« which' it could fix as its ultimate end,
without being carried on with any farther defire.
Rogers's Scrmonu

Matter and gravity are always commenfurate,

Bentley,

Com M e'nsurately. ad'v, [from commen~

/urate.] With the capacity of meafur-

ing, or being meafured by fome other

thing.

We are conftrained to make the day fcrve to
meafure tiie year as well as we can, though not
commcnjuraiely to each year ; but by coUefting the
fraflion of days in feveral years, till they amount
to an even day. Holder on Time.

Commensura'tion. n./. [irara commen-
furate,] Proportion ; reduftion of fome
things to fome common meafure.

A body over great, or over fmall, will. not be
thrown (r far as a body of a middle fize ; fo that,
it feemeth, there muft be a commenfuralion or pro-
portion between the body moved and the force, to
make it mo7c well. Bacon's Natural Hijlory.

All fitnefs lies in a particular commenfuration, or
proportion, of one thing to another. South.

To CO'MMENT. -v. n. [commentor, Lat.]

1 . To annotate ; to write notes upon an
author ; to expound ; to explain : with
upon before the thing explained.

Such are thy ftcrets, which my life makes good.
And comments on thee; for in ev'ry thing
Thy words do find me out, and parallels bring,
And in another make me underftand. Hericrf.

Criticks having firft taken a llkirg to one of
thefe poets, proceed to comment en him, and illuf-
tratc him. Dryden's Juvenal, Dedication.

They have contented thernlcUcsonly tofcwmM/
ufon thofe texts, and make the belt copies they
C(!u!d after thofe originals. Temple.

Indeed I hate that any man Ihould be idle„ while
I muft tranflate and comment, Popt,

2. To make remarks ; -to make obferva-
tions.

Enter his chamber, view his lifelcfs corpfe,
And comment then upon his fuddcii de.ith.

Sheskfffeare's Henry VI.

Co'mment. w./ [from the verb.]
I. Annotation's on an author; notes; ex-
planation ; cxpofition ; remarks.

A>!am c.mie ir.io the wnvid a philofop^ier, which
appeared by his writing the nature ol things up.m

thcit

Com

their nimes : he couid view elTenMi !n them-
felvss, and read foi-ms without the cumment of
their reipcftive properties- Scurh^s Sermons^

All the volumes of philofophy,
With al'. their ccmnm,':, never could invent
So politick an inftruiuent. Ppor.

Proper geftures, and vehement exertions of the
voice, are a kind of ctmminl to what he utters.

AdJiJon's SprBaior.

Still, with itfelf compar'd, his text pciufe ;
And let your comment be the Jvlantuan roufe. ?oft.

2. Remarks ; obfervarion.

In fjch a time as this, it is not meet
That every nice offence ihould bear iu comment.

Sbetkefpears,
Forgive the ccmmer.t that my paflion made
Upon thy feature ; for my rage was blind.

Sbaieff care's King Jchn.
All that is behind will be by way of cmmetit on
that part of the church of Engl.r.d's charity.

Hammond's Fundamentals,
Co'm M e n t a r y. ;;./. \commentarius , Lat.]

1. An e:;pofition ; book of annotations or
remarks.

In rcLgion, fcripturt is the beft rule; and the
church's univerfal praftice, the bed ctrnmeKtary.

King Charles,

2. Memoir ; narrative in familiar man-
ner.

Vere, in a private commtntary which he wrote
of that fcrvice, teftiB^d that eisht hundred were
fla!D. Bacon,

They (hew ftjll the ruins of Catfar's v.-3ll, that
reached eighteen miles ir. leijih: as he has de-
clared it in the liril book of his Ccwimenlaries,

Aidijon-on Italy,

Commekta'tor. n, /, [from comment,']
Expofitor ; annotator.

1 have made fuch expolitions of my authors, as
no commen^atcr w'll ftrgivc me. Dryden,

Some of the ammentators tell us, that Marfya
was a lawyer who had loft his caufe.

Addijim en Italy.

Galen's commenlatir tells us, that bitter fub-
flaoces engender choier, and bum the blood.

Arbutbnot on Aliments,

No commentator can more flily pafs
O'er a learn'd unintell'g ibie place. Pope.

Co'm M ENTER, n./. [ from comment. ] One
that writes comments ; an explainer ;
an annotator.

Slily as any ctmwimtir goes by
Hard words or fenfe. Donne.

Commbnti'tious. aJj, \_commentitius,
Latin.] Invented ; fiftitious ; imagi-
nary.

It is eafy to draw a paralleJifm between that
ancient and this modern nothing, and mako good
its tefemblance to that eommenlitious inanity.

CiinvVWs Scepjls,
CO'MMERCE. »./ [commercium, Latin.
It was anciently accented on the laft
fyllable.]
1. Intercourfe ; exchange of one thing for
another; interchange of any 'thing;
trade ; traifidk. .

Placet of publick refort being thus provided, our
repair thither ii efpecially for mutual confeience,
and, as it were, commerce to be had between God
and us. Hooker,

How could communities.
Degrees in fchoois, and brotherhoods in cities,
Peaceful commerce from dividablc Hiores,
But by degrees (land in authentick place ?

Shahefjjtare^s Trio/us andCreJftda,
InDru^lcd (hips (hall fail to quick commerce.
By which remntcft regions are ally'd;

Which makes one city of the univcrfe,
Wliere feme may gain, and all may be fupply'd,

Dryden,
Thefe people had not any cmmerct with the
other known parts of the world. Tilloi/in,

9

COM

In any country, that hath commcrti with the reft

cf the world, itisalmoft impolTible now to be with,
out the ufc of fiiver coin. Locke.

2. Common or familiar intercourfe.

Good-nature, which conlilb in overlooking of
faults, is to be exercifcd only in doing ourlelves
j'jliice in the ordinary commerce and occurrences of
life. Addifcn.

7fl Co'm ME ROE. v.n, [from the noun.]

1. To traffick.

Ezckiel in the defcription of Tyre, and of the
exceeding trade that it had with the Eaft, as the
only mart town, reciteth both the people with whom
they commerce, and alfo what commodities every
country yielded. Raleigh.

When they might not converfeor «»iKtrc£ with
any civil men ; whither Ihould they fly but into
the woods and mountains, and thi;re live in a wild
manner? Sir jf.Davies.

2. To hold intercourfe with.

Come, but keep tiiy wonted ilate,
Wiih even llep and ir.uling gait,
And looks commercing with the (kies.
Thy rape foul iitting in thine ejes. Milton.
Comme'rcial. ai\j, [from cotnmerce.]

Relating to commerce or traffick.
To CO'MMIGRATE. v. n. [con and
migro, Latin.] To remove in a body,
or by co.nlent, from one country to an-
other.
Commigra'tion.w./. [from commi^rale.']
A removal of a large body of people
from one country to another.

Both the inhabitants of that, and of our world,
loft ail memory of their commigraiion hence.

H'l/odiaarJ s Natural ffjlory,

COMMINA'TION. t./, [ccmminatio, La-
tin.]

1. A threat ; a denunciation of puniili-
ment, or of vengeance.

Some parts of knowledge God has thought lit to
feclude from us ; to fence them not only by precept
and comminaiion, but with difficulty and impoflibi-
litics. Decay of Piety.

2. The recital of God's threatenings on
dated days.

Commi'natorv. ae/f, [from contmi nation.]
Denunciatory ; threatening.

To Commi'ngle. t. a. [comml/ceo, La-
tin.] To mix into one mafs ; to unite
intimately ; to mix ; to blend.

Bleft are thofe,
Whofe blood and judgment a.-e fo well commingled,
That they are not a pipe for fortune's (inger.
To found what ftcp (he plcafe. Shah^j^. Hamlet.

To Com M i'k g l e. t;. n. To unite one with

another.
DilTolutions of gum tragacanth and oil of fweet

almonds do not commirgle, the oil remaining on tile

top till they be ftirred. Bacon's Pbyjical Rem.

CoMMlNu'iBLE. ae(/. [fxova Comminute. ]

Frangible ; reducible to powder ; fu-

fceptible of pulverization.

'1 he beft diamonds are eomminuible; and are fo
far from breaking hammers, that they fubinit unto
pedilation, and re(i(l not any ordinary pcille.

Brctvn.
To CO'MMINUTE. f. a, [comminuo.La-
tin.] To grind ; to pulverize ; to break
into fmall parts.

Parchment, ficins, and cloth drink in liquors,

though themfelves be entire bodies, and not c-mmi-

nwf:'^, as fand and a(hes. Bacon's Natural Hijiory.

CoMMi vu'tion. n.f, [from comminute.]

I . The aft of grinding into fmall parts ;

pulverization.

The j^w in men, and animals furnilhed with
grinders, hath an oblique or tranfvcrfe motioia, ne-
cc(raryfor«mBJ«»(i{flof the meat- Raytmtbc Great,

C 0 M

This fmiting of the fteel with the flint dotli only
make a comminution, and a very rapid whirling and
melting of fome particles j but that idea of flame
is wholly in us. Beniley,

2. Attenuation.

Caufes of fixation are the even fpreading of the
fpirits and tangible parts, the clofencls of the tan-
gible parts, and tiie jejunenefs or extreme fc;?i»:i-
nutim of fpiiits ; of wliich the two firft may be
joined with a nature liqueliable. Bacon,

Co MM i'serable, aeij. [ from commiferate. ]
Worthy of compaffion; pitiable; fuch as
mull excite fympathy or forrow.

It is the fmfulleft thing in the world to deftitate
a plantation once in forwardnel's : for, bcfijes the
dilhonour, it is the guiltinefs of blood of manyr'^-
mijerable perfons. Bacon s P.jj'ayt.

This was the end of this noble and cotnmijcrablt

perfon, Edward eldeft fon to the duke of Clarence.

Bacon s henry VII.

To COMMI'SERATE. 'v. a. [con and
mifereor, Lat.] To pity ; to look on with
compaffion ; to companionate.

Then we mull thofe, who groan beneath the
weight
Of age, difeafe, or want, commiferale. Denbanu

We (hould commiferate our mutual ignorance, and
endeavour to remove it. Locke.

Commisera'tion. ft./, [from commifi'
rate.] Pity ; compalfion ; tendernefs ;
or concern for another's pains.

Thefe poor fcduced creatures, whom I can nei-
ther fpeak nor think of but with much ammifc-
ration and pity. HooKer,

Live, and hereafter fay
A madman's mercy bade thee run away, j

I do dely thy commijtratiov.
And apprehend thee for a felon here.

Sbakejpeare' s Romeo andyuliet.

God knows with how much cotnmijeration, and
folicitous caution, 1 carried on that bufmefi, that
I mi£ht neither encourage the rebels, nor difcou-
rage the prote(t»iirs. King Chariest

She ended weeping ; and her lovely plight
Immoveable, till peace, obtain'd fiom fault
Acltnowledg'd and deplor'd, in Adam wrought
Ccnnniferation. Milton s Paradife Lojl,

From you their eftate may expeft eft'etlual com-
fort } there are none from whom it may not deferve
commiferation, Spratt,

No where fewer beggars appear to charm up com-
miferaticn, yet no where is there greater charity.

Graunt's Bills of Mortality.

I prevailed with myfelf to go and fee him, partly
out of c^mmiferation, and partly out of curiofity.

S-wifr.

CO'MMISSARY. »./, [commjarius, low
Latin.]

1. An officer made occafionally for a cer-
tain purpofe ; a delegate ; a deputy.

2. It is a title of ecclefiaftical jurildidlion,
appertaining to fuch^ as exercifes fpiri-
tual jurifdiilion (at leall fo far as his
commiffion permits) in places of the
diocefe fo far diftant from the chief city,
as the chancellor cannot tall the fub-
jefts. Cotxell.

The commiffarict of bilhops have authority only
in fnme certain place of the diocefe, and in fome
ccrtMn caufes of the jurlfdiftion limited to them
by the bjlhop's commidion. Ayliffe.

3. An officer who draws up lifts of the
numbers of an array, and re^^ulates the
procuration and conveyance of provifion
or ammunition.

But is it thus you Hnglilh bards compofe ?
With Runick lays thus 1.1^ infipid profe ?
And when you (h.iuld your heroes deeds rehearfe.
Give ut a (ommiffarj'i lift in verfc ? Prhr,

Co'm MIS-

COM

Co'mmissakiship. n. f. [from «jw««/-
fery. The office of a commiflary.

A ccmm'JIiinjhif is not grantibic for life, fo as
to bind the fucceeding biihop, thuugh it fhould
be confirmed by the dean and chapter.

Ayliffct FareTjten,

COMMl'SSION. n.f.\tcmmi£io, low La-
tin.]

1. The adl of entruftin? any thing.

2. A truil; a warrant by which any truft
is held, or authority exercifed.

CemmilJim is the warrant, or letters patent, that
all iTten cxerciling jurifdidion, cither ordinary or
extraordinary, have for their power. CnuelU

Omiflion to do what is neceflary.
Seals a csmanijjitm to a blank of danger.

Shairjfearci Tro'ilui imi Crejp.da,
The fubjedls grief
Comei through ectnmtff rvi, which compel from each
T'lc fixth part o( hii fubrtancf, to be levied
Without delay. Shakcjpeare' s Haiiy VIII.

He led our powers ;
■flore the eumm'iffion of my place and perfonj
The which immediacy may well ftand up.
And call itfclf your bro'Jier. Shakefp- King Lear.
He would have them fully ac(];iainted with the
nature and extent of their office, and fo he joins
ccmmijjion with inftruftion-: by one he conveys
. power, by the other knowledge. South,

3. A warrant by wliich a military officer is
" cor.ftituted-

Snlyinan, filled with the vain hope of the con-
^uert of Perfia, gave out his comr.ijians into all
parts of bis empire, for the raifmg of a mighty
army. Kmllei's H'JIoryofrhe Turks.

I was made a colonel ; though I gained myrwu-
m:Jfi'.n by the horfc's virtues, having leapt over a
fix- bar gate. Mdifm's Freibclder.

He for his fon a gay ccmmijjicn buys,
Who drinks, whores, fights, and in a duel dies.

Pope.

4. Charge; mandate; office; employment.

It was a both a ftrange ccmmijjion, ar.d a ftrange
obedience to a {vmmij/ion. fo; men, in the midtl
of their own blood, and being fo furioufly alTliiltd,
to hold their hands contrary to the laws of nature
and nccelfity. Macon's JVar vi'ah Sfain,

Such cftmnt'tjjion from above
I have recciv'd, to anfwcr thy defire
Of knowledge within bounds. Milton s Far* Loji.

At his command the ftorms invade;
The winds by his ccmmijjion blow.
Till with a nod he bids them ceafe. Drjdin.

He boie hia great a;mmij/isn in liis look ;
But fwcetly tcmper'd awe, and foften'd all he
fpoke.

5. Aft of committing a crime ; perpetra-
tion. Sins of commij^on a.re diilinguifhed
in theology from fins oi omfjfton.

Every ccmmijjion of fin introduces into the foul
a certain degree of hardnefs. Sauit'i Sermons.

He indulges himfelf in the habit of known fin,
whether covmi^i.n of fomething which God hath
forbidJen, or the omiflion of fomething com-
manded., Rcgtrs's Sermons.

6. A r^umber of people joined in a truft
or office.

7. The ilate of that wliich is entrufted to
a number of joint officers ; as, the broad
feiil iK-ar put into comntijfion.

8. [In commerce.] The order by which a
faftor trades for another pcrfon.

To CoM.Mi'ssiON. v.a. \{rom commijpon.'\

I . To e;n.power ; to appoint.

z. To fend with mandate or authority.

The peace polhited thus, a ihofen b.ind
He liril commi^'im to the Latian land.
In thr. at'ning cmbalTy. Vrydcns .^.nciil.

?£ CoMMl'sSlON ATE. V. a. [fiomrofla

miffion.'\ To.cojiuniflion; to empower:
not in ufe.

COM •

As he WIS thus fent by his father, fo alfii were
the apolllei lolemnly comiKi^oMicJ by him to preach
to the Gentile world, who, with indefatigable in-
duflry and refolute fuf^'crings, purfued the charge j
and fure this is competent evidence, that the ^tfign
was of the moft weighty importance. Oecay of Fitly.

CoMMi'ssioNER. n. /. [ftotn commt^tn .]
One included in a warrant of autJtority.

A commyfiorter is one who hath commiiTioo, as
letters patents, or other lawful warrant, to execute
any puhlick olHce. Cornell.

One article they (load upon, which I with your
commijftoners have agreed upon. Sidney.

Thefe commijfiuners came into England, with
whom covenants were concluded. Hayward.

The archbilhop was made one of the commj^iorers
of the treafury. Ciarendon.

" Suppofe itircraryr^mm/^off^stoinfpeG, through-
out the kingdom, into the condu£l of men in office,
with refpect to morals and religion, as well as abi-
lities. Sivifi.

Like are their merits, like rewards they fliaiej
That fliines a conful, this commjffioner.

Pope's Dunciad.

CoMMi'ssuRB. ». / [cemmij/'uro, Latin.]
Joint ; a place where one part is joined
to another.

All thefe inducements cannot countervail the
inconvenience of disjointing the ctmtmijfu^es with fo
many ftrokcs of the chiiTel. iVotrons jiycbileiiure.

This animal is covered with a ^rong (h-ll,
jointed like armour by four tranfverfe CQmmiJJitrcs
in the middle of the body, conneAed by tough
membranes. Ray on the Creation.

Ifo COMM'IT. 'V. a. [committo, Latin.]

1. To intruft ; to give in trull; to put
into the handi of another.

It is not for your health, thus to commit
Your weak condition to the raw, cold morning.
\ Shak^fpcare.

2. To put In any place to be kept fafe.

They who are deiirous to commit to memory,
might have«afe. z Mac. ii. 25.

Is my mufe controul'd
By fervile awe ? Born free, and not be bold I
At Icaft I'll dig a hole within the ground.
And to the trufty earth commit the found.

Drydens Perjius.

3. To fend to prifon ; to imprifon.

Here comes the nobleman that committed the
prince, for ftriking him about Bardolph.

Shakejprare's Henry IV.

They two were committed, at Icaft reftrained of
thrir liberty. Clarendon,

So, though my ankle (he has quitted.
My heart continues ilill committed \
And, like a baii'd and m.iin-priz'd lover,
Al'Juuigh at large, 1 am bound over. Hudihras.

4. To perpetrate i to do a fault ; to be
guilty of a crime.

ICecp thy word juftly ; fwear not ; commit not
.with nun's fworn fpoufe, Siakufp. King Lear.

Letters nut of Ulftcr gave him notice of the in-
humane in.urrfers committed there upon a multitude
of the Protcftants, Clarcr.dcn.

A creeping young fellow eommitted matrimony
with a brilk gamcforoe lafi. L'Ejirangc.

* *Tis policy

For fon and father to take dificrent fides ;
Then Kinds and tenements commit no treaftm. Dryd.

5. To put together for a conteft : a Latin-
ifm.

How becomingly does Philopolis excrcifc his
office, and leafonably ccmmit the opponent with
the rcfpoiident, like a long pcaftifcj moderator.
Z'f'c's Dii'ine Dial.

6. To place in a ftate of hoftility or incon-
gruity : a Latiniiin.

Harry, whole tuneful and well me ifiir'd fong
Flrlt t.ui,3lit our Englilh mufuk how to fpan
Woidii with juft note and accent, not to fcan
With Midas' eats, mmtnittir.g Ihoic and long.

Milicn.

COM

Commi'tmsnt. n./. [from commit.^
I . A&. of fending to prifon ; imj>rifon-
ment.

It did not appear by any new maminations or
eommitjKeitSf th.'vt any other perfoii was difcoverej
or impeached. Bai^n.

They were glad toxompound for his bare com'
miirnent to the Tower, whence he was within few
days enlarged. Clarendor.

I have been con£dering, ever Hnce my eotrtmit^
tnentf what it might be pt^[>cr to deliver upon this
occaHon. Swifu

z. An order for fending to prifon.
Com m i't t e b . n. /. [from commit.^

Thofe to whom the coniidcration or ordering
of any matter is referred, cither by fomc court tj
whom it belongs, or by confcnt of parties. As in
parliament, after a bill it read, it is either agreed
to and palled, ar not agreed to; or neither of thefe,
but referred to the cunlideration of fome appointed
by the huufe to examine it farther, who thereupon
are called a committee. CoweJ/.

Manchefter had orders to march thither, having
a committee of tha parliament with him, as there
was another committee of the Scottilh parliament
always in that army ; there being alfu now a
committee of both kingdoms rcfiding at London,
<'or the carrying on the war. Clarendon.

All corners were filled with covenanters, confu-
iion, cottsmittee men, and foldiers, ferving each othtf
to their ends of revenge, or power, or profit; and
thefe committee men and foidiers were pofl"eft with
this covenant. ff^akon,

CoMMi'TTER. »./. [from commit. 1 Per-
petrator ; he that commits.

Such an one makes a man not only a partaker
of other nicn's fins, but a Jcriver of the whole guiit
to himfelf; yet io as to leave the committer as full
of guilt as before. South.

Commi'ttible. aeij. [fromcewB//.] Lia-
ble .to be committed.

Bcfides the jniftakes cgmmiltii/e in the folary
compute, the difference of chronology difturbs his
computes. Mro-wn.

To Co.MMi'x. Ki. a. [^commi/ceo, Lat.] To
mingle ; to blend ; to mix j to unite
with things in one mafs.

A dram of gold dilfoUcd in aqua regia, with a
dram of copper in a^ua fortis cetnmixed, gave a
great colour^ Bacon,

I have written againll the fpontaneous generation
of frogs in die clouds ; or, on the earth, out of
jduft and rain water commixed. Ray an the Creation.
It is manifcil, by this experiment, that the com-
mixed impreflions of all the colours do ftir up and
beget a fcnfation of white ; that is, that whitencfs
is compounded of all the colours. Ne-u'tan's Opticks,
GoMMl'xiON. »./. [from commix.'] Mix-
tBre ; incorporation of different ingre-
dients.

Wei-c thy eommixion Greek and Trojan, lb
That thou cnuld'ft fay, this hand is Grecian all.
And this isTrojan. Siakcfp. Trt'tlus and Crrjjida.
Com mi'xtion. n.f. [from ccmmix.] Mix-
ture ; incorporation ; union of various
fubftances in one mafs.

Some fpccics there b«*<of middle and part'ic'paC-
ing natyrrs, that it, of birds and beads, as batts,
and fomc few others, fo confirmed ar^l fet toge-
ther, that we cannot define the beginning or end
of cither; thcie being a comtrixtion of both in
the whole, rather than adaptation or cement of the
one unto the other. £t%iuns yulgar Errourt,

Co M M I'x T u R E . n.f. [ from commix. ]
1. The aft of mingling ; the ftate of be-
ing mingled; incorporation; union in
. one mafs.

In the f»mmi*/Br< of any thing that !s more oily
or fwcrt, fuch bodies arc leaft apt to putrefy, the
air working liltlc u^oa them.

^tcttfl Natural HiJIiry.

1. The

COM

COM

COM

«, The mafs formed by mingling different
things ; coinpoiition ; compound.

Fair ladies, maik"d, are rofts in the bud.
Or angels vcii'd in clouds; are rofes blown,
Dil'malfe'd, their dawflc (wcct commixtun (hewn,

Shekcjp:art,

My love and fear glew'd many friends to thee ;
And now I fall, thy touijh ,-oKmixturfs melt.
Impairing Henry, ftrength'ning mil'proud York.

Shukijpeari.

TTiere Ts fcarcely any rifing but by a c^mmixiun
of eood and evil arts. Biu^n.

All the circumftanres and refy-efl of religion and
ftate intermixed together in their eamrxixtiu-e, will
better become a royal hiftory, or a cuuncil-table,
than a fingle life. Woitciu

Commo'de. n. f. [French.] The head-

drefs of women.

Let them rcflefl how they would be aflcftcd,
fliould they meet with a man on horfcback, in his
breeches and jack-boots, die/ted up in a eommodt
and a nightrail. SpcHaf.r.

She has canttivcd to (hew her principles by the
fetting of her f (nrffiot/ff ; fo that it will be impo/Iiblc
tor any woman that is difai&ded to be in the fa-
jhion. Adii'tjnn'i VrcebiUtr.

Sht, like Tome pesGve Aate(man, walks demure,
And fmiles, and bugs, to make deilrudtlijn fure \
Or uii^cr high corrmiodct, with looks erc£V,
Barefai;'d dc\ouii, in gaudy colours deck'd. G/an-v,

COMMO'DIOUS. ai/J. [conmoJus, Lat.]
J. Convenient; fui table ; accommodate

to any perlbn ; fit ; proper ; free from

hindrance or uneafinefs.

Such a plate cannot be c'jtnmojkus to live in { for
being (o neat the moon, it had been too near the
lUn. Ra/iigb'i liijlir/.

To that reeds, ecmtuditit for furprize.
When purple light thall next fuffufc the Ikies,
With me repair. Pi-ft'i Odyffij.

J,. Ufeful -, fuited to wants or necefGties.

If they think we ought to prove tire ceremonies
ammcdiovi, they do greatly deceive theml'clvcs.

Bacchus had found out the making of wine,
and many things cll'e c.mmodioui for mankind.

Jtn/eigb'i Hi/lory if tbt IVwli.
The gods have done their part,
By fending this iummuimt plague. Dryd, OeJif ui.

Maro's mufe,
Tlirict facred nufr, rommeiihui precepts gives,
Inftrufiive to the fwaim. fb'iRfi.

£.ou\*o' a io\J iLY . culv.liTOmctmmodious.l

1 . Conveniently.

At the large root of an old hollow tiec.
In a deep cave featcd comimjleujlyf
His ancient and hereditary houfc.
There dwelt a good fubit jntial couittry moufe.

CMvlty,

2. Without diftrefs.

We need not fear
To pafs cimrnodiftujty this life, fudaln^d
By him wirfi many comforts, till we end
In duft, our Anal left and aatM-e liomii.

Miliin'} ParjJI/t LiJI.

3. Suitably to a certain purpofe.

WifJ im may have framed one and the- fame
thing to Icrvc cjmm.iiy.ttfly for Jivcrs ends, i/ssiif ,
Calen, upon the ci.niiJcration of the body, chal-
lenges any one to find how the \tit\ fibre might be
more ttmrnoiliaijly placed l«r ufe or comelinef>.

South t ^trmcttlt
CoMMo'oiousNESs. n. /. [ftomcsmmo-
t/iius.] Convenience; advantage.

The place rcquircth many ciicumltances ; as
flic fituitior, near the fea, for the timmidi'jufnefi o»
»fi intercourfe with England. Saicn.

Of citici, the grcatnefi and /ichcs incrcafe ac-
cording to Ilie Kmm'JiouJvtfi of their fituation in
fertile countries, or upon rivers and havens. 'Cimblt,
Commo'ditv. ». / [e^mmof/aat, Lian.']
I. Intereft ; advantage; profit.
Vo... J.

They knew, that howfocver mfn may ftek tliQu
own c(.mmodiijy yec, if this were done with injury
unto others, it was not to be (uftcred, Hr^vUr-

Cw.mooityy the bial's of the world,
The world, which of itfelf is poifed well,
Till this advantage, this vi!e drawing biafs.
This fway of moti.n, this rcfffmst^iry,
Makes it take head fr .m ail indiffert:ncy.
From all dire^ioiiy purpofe, courfc, intent.

Sbakefpeares K'^ng yoln.

After much dcbatcment oi the ammctuna or
difcommoditi^ like to cnfue^ they concluded.

Haytvard,

2. Convenience J particular advantage.

There came into her bead certain vcrfiis, which,
if fhe had had prefent c.mmodity, ihc would have
adjoined as a retraction to the other. Sidrcy,

She demanded leave, not to lofe this long fou^hti-
for commodity of rime, to cafe lier heart. S'ldmy,

Travelicrs turn out of the highway, drawn cither
by the commodity of a fooc-path, or the delicacy or
the freihncfs of the lields. Ben Jonj'ons Dsjcoveries*

It had been difficult to make fuch a mole where
they had not fo natural :x commodity as the earth of
Puzzuola, which immeUiateiy hardens in the w.t-
ter. j^dififir. on Jiuly*

3. Wares j merchandife ; good:^ lor traf-
ikk.

All my fortunes are at fca ;
Nor have I money nor r5«ff5</rfv
To raile a prefent fum. Skak. Mtrch, ofVtmct,
Commodiiiis are ni'iveables, vjtuablc by money,
the common meafure. t-cckc*

Of money, in the commerce and tra(?ick of man-
kind, the principal ufe is that of faving the com-
mutation of more bulky ciimmod'ii'iis.

Arhutbn9t on Coitii.

Commodo''r.e. It. f, [probably corrupt-
ed from the Spanilh lonmaru/ador.] The
captain who commands a fljuadrou of
fliips ; a temporary admiral. .

CO'MMON. «./. [communis, Latin.]
I. Belonging equally to more than one.

Though life and fcnfc be common to man and
brutes, and their operations in many things alik' ;
yet by this form he liv.s the lili uf a man, and not
of a brute ; ajid hatli tlic fenfe of a man, and not ol'
a brute. llaU^s Orhin of Miinlh:d.

He who hath received damage, lias, bcfidcs liie
right of punilhment comtn'M to him with other
mt-n, a particular right to leek reparation. Loikt.

z. Having no pofleflbr or owner.

Where no kindred arc to be founil, we fee the
polH'llions of a private man revert to the commu-
nity, and fo become again pcrfe^ly common \ nor
can anyone have a propert) in them,utncrwife than
in other things comitkn by na'ure. Lo^ki''

3. Vulgar ; oiean ; not dillinguifhed by
any excellence ; often feen ; eafy to be
had ; of little value ; not rare ; not
fcarce.

Ur as the man, whom princes do advance
Upon tbtir gracious mercy -frat to fit,
Poth r«mMi^ff things, of C';urie and circumlKmce,
To the reports of lOminon nten commit. Da^'tci,

4. Publick J general j ferving the ufe of
all.

He was advlfcd by a parliament man not to \k
flria in rcadlnji all the commsn prayer, but make
fomc variation. ff'ulim.

1 need nut picntlon the old rdirfn^jr^^bore of
Rome, which ran fiom all | arts of the town, with
(he current and violence of an ordinary river.

MJiJ-.r. 11: If illy.

5. Of no rank ; mean j without birtli or
defcent.

Look, as I blow this feather from my face,
And ai the air blows it to mc again,
&ucb ii the lightncfi of you rotimm men

Stahj'fuart'i Htnry VI.
Flying bullets now,
To execuM liis rage, appear too flow j

They mifj, or fwecp but lvkkoh fouls away)
For fuch a lofs Opdam his iifc nvitt pay, U^jiter,

6. Frequent ; ufua-1 ; ordinary.

There is an evil which 1 have feen cowman among
men. ■ Ecclcf. vi. i.

The Papi(}s were the moft common place, tni
the butt ;ii;ain(l whom all the arrows were direct-
ed. CWmdor.

Neither is it ftrange that there Ihould be myf.
tcrics in divinity, as weil as in the commoKiji ope-
rations in nature. Szeiff*

7. I'roftitute.

'Tis a llrange thing, the impudence of fomc
women ! was the word of a dame who lierfelf yas
common. L'EJfrange.

Hii>parchus was going to marry a common wo-
man, but confulted Philander upon the occalion.

SficiJatJi;

8. [In grammar.] Such verbs as fignify
both adtion and palTion are called com-
mon ; as afpernor, I defpife, or am dej'pij-
■e-d ; and alfo fuch nouns as are both
mafculine and feminine, as parens,

Co'mmon. n.f. [froai the adjcftive.] Ail
open ground equally ufed by many pw-
fons.

Then take we down his loaj, and turn him olf.
Like to the empty afs, to (hake his cars,
And graze in cmmim, Stakefpmre's yuHus Cafar.

Is not the fuparate property of a thing the great
caulc of its endearment? Docs any one rcl]>fct a
common as much as he docs Iris garden? South,

Co'mmon, ad'v. [from the adjetlive.]
Commonly ; ordinarily.

I am more than cummen tall.

Siaktfpcari' s As ycu lite it.
In Common.

I. Etjuiilly to be participated by a certain
number.

By making an eaplicite confcnt of every com-
mttncr nccellary to any one% ajipropriating to him-
felf any part of what is given in cominor., children or
fervants could not cut tlie nicat^'hch their father
or mailer had provided for them in comr.on, with-
out ailigning to every one his peculiar parr. Lpckf^

1. Equally with another ; indifcrimi-
nately.

In a work of this nature it is impoflible to avoid
puerilities; it having that /» i-tmmtn with dictiona-
ries, and books of antiijuities. jirhttthnot on Coins,

To Co'mmon. t. n. [from the noun.] To
have a joint right with others in forae
common ground.

Common Law contains thofe cuftoms and
ufages which have, by long prt-fcrip-
tion, obtained in this nation the force
of laws. It is dilHnguidied from the
ifatute law, which owes its authority to
nils of parliament.

Common Pleas. The king's court now
held in Wcfimlnfter Hall, but anciently
moveable. Qimih obferves, that till
Henry III. granted the magna chart a,
tiiere were but two courts, the exche-
quer, and the king's bench, io calTed
btcaul'e it followed the king ; bur, upon
tlie grant of th.it charter, the rourt of
common pleas was eredled, and fettleii
at Wcllminfler. All civil caufes, both
real and peilbnal, are, or were, formerly
tried in this court, according to the
llrift laws of the realm ; and Fortefcue
reprelents it as the only cgurt for real
caufes. The chief judge is called the
lord chief juflice of the common pleas,
and he is aflilled by three or four afTo-
2* ciates,

COM

ciates, created by letters patent from
the king. C'ewe//.

Co'm mon able. aifj. [from cemKon,] What
is held in common.

Much good land might be gained from forcfV;
and cdulis, and from other uiKmixniU placrs, (j
>> thire ht cire taken that the pjor commoners
have no injury. Bactx to V:!I'.fu

Co'mmon-Ace. K.f. [from common.] I'hc
right of feeding on a common ; the
joint right of ufing any thing in com-
mon with others.

Co'mmonalty. n. /. [communaute,'?T.']

1. The common people; the people of the
lower rank.

Bid him ftrivc
To gain the love o* th" tommontihy j the duke
Sluil govern England. Sb»kc(peare.

There is in every Itate, as we know, two por-
tions of fubjcds ; the nobles, and the cammirally.

Bacon,

The emmet joined in her popular tribes
Of cot/imtKaky, MUti^ni ParaJifi Lc^.

All gentlemen are almoA obliged to it ; and 1
Jtnow no reafon we fho-jld give that advantage to
the ciimmoxaity of £ngiand, to be foremoft in brave
aftiirs. Dryd.n,

2. The bulk of mankind.

1 myfelf too will ufe the fecret acknowledg.
nnt'iit of the ccmmora/tft bearing record of the God
tif Gods. HookiT.

Co'm MON ER. ti.f. [from common.']
I. One of the common people; a man of
low rank, of nuean condition.

Doubt not
The ccwmonrrs, for whom we (land, but they,
Upon their ancient malice, will forger.

Shakffptare* i CnrioJarius.

His great men durft not pay their court to him,

till lie hid fatiated his thirll of blood by the death

o; lomeof his!oyal^5w;m£flfrx. jiddijt,nt Frteboldcr,

z. A mun not noble.

This ccm^nnii has worth and parti.
Is prais'd for arms, or lov'd for arts :
His head aches for a coronet ;
And who is blefs'd that is not great ? Prior,

3. A member of the houfe of commons.

There is hardly a greati^r difference between two
things, than there is between a reprefcnting com-
mivcr in his publick calling, and the lame perfon
in common lite. Siaift.

4. One who has a joint right in common
ground.

Much land might be gained from commonable
places, fo as there be care taken that the poor com-
aietrri have no injury. Eactn's Ad'vice to J^iUiers.

5. A lludent of the fecond rank at the
univerfity of Oxford ; one that eats at
the common table.

6. A proltitute.

Behold this ring,
Whofe high tcfpedt, and rich validity,
Did lack a parallel t yet, for all that.
He gave it to a comt!i:nir 0' th' camp. Shahff.

C 0 M M o N i't 1 0 N . ti.j. [commonitio, Latin. }
Advice ; warning ; inllruilion,

Co' MM ONLY. adv. [(xom common.] Fre-
quently ; ui'uaUy ; ordinarily ; for the
jnoft part.

This hand of yours retiuirei
Much cafiigation, eiercife devout ;
For here 's a ftrong and fweating devil here.
That (immvn/y rebels. Sbukefftere's Otttlh,

A great dileafc may.charge the frame of a budy,
though, if it lives to recover (Irength, it ccmmor/y
rrtiirn< 10 its natural conftit-jtion. 7<:m^le.

Co'm MOH NESS. «. /. [from fo/»«9«.]
1. Equal participation among tnauy.

Nor can the conrr'jr.refs of ttic guilt obviate the
ccniuie, there bci»j nothing more fr(i|ticuC tbap

COM

/or n«;n to acciife their own faults In otW-i; per-
fons. Cmfrrmait of thi TcKgut.

2. Frequent occurrence ; frequency.

Blot lot tliat maxim, r« nclun! dm m.tU aitm-
r'/lrjn: the canniKna'/i makes me not know who
ik the aulhor; but fuit he muft be fome modern.

Swift.

To Co M M o X p L a'c e. 1: a. Ta reduce to
general heads.

1 'i ) not appr-'iiund anydiliicultyincolleflingand
ccmpinfi/acifg an univtrfil liiO.ory tram the hifto-
riins. Ftlton.

Commonpla'cb-book. n./. A book in
which things to be remembered are
ranged under general heads.

I turned (o my aminoitf'htt-took, and found
his cafe under the word coquette. TatUr.

Co'm MON s, n. f.

1 . The vulgar ; the lower people j thofe
who inherit no honours.

Little office
The hateful common will perform for us ;
Except, like curs, to tear us all in pieces.

Stakeffeart's Richard II.
Hath he not pafs'd the nobles and the commons ?

Sbakeffean.
Thefe three Co kings and chiefs their fcenes dif-
play.
The reft before th' ignoble commons play. Dryd. Fab,

The gods of greaier nations dwell around.
And, on the right and left, the palace bound ;
The comment where they can : the nobisr fort,
With winding doors wide open, front the court.

Drydm.

2. The lower houfe of parliament, by which
the people are reprefented, and of which
the members are chofen by the people.

Aly good lord.
How now for mitigation of this bill
Urg'd by the commons? Doth hit majefty
Incline to it, or no ? Shatifpeares Henry VI.

In the houfe of commons many gentlemen, unfa-
tisficd of his guilt, durlt not condemn him.

King Charles.

3. Food ; fare ; diet: fo called from col-
leges, where it is eaten in common.

He painted himfelf of a dove colour, and took
his commons with the pigeons. VEJIrange.

Mean while (he quench'd her fury at the flood.
And with a Icnten fallad cooi'd her blood :
Their commons, though but coarfe, were nothing

Nor did their minds an equal banquet want. Dryd,

The dodlor now obeys the fummons.

Likes both his company and commons. Swift.

Co M M o N w e' A I, . In,/. [ from- common

Commonwe'alth. 3 and iveal, or

ivealth.]

1 . A polity ; an eftablilhed form of civil
life.

Two foundations bear up publitk foc'ieties ; the
one inclination, whereby all men defire fociable
life J the ntlier an order agreed upon, touching
the manner of their union in living together i tlie
latter is that which we call the law of a conmon-
nvcal. .• Hooker.

It was impolTible to make a csmmoniveal in Ire-
land, without fettling of all the eftitcs and polTcf-
fions throughout the kingdom. Dnvies on Ire/and,

A continual parliament would but keep the r&;«-
mmzunil in tune, by ptcferving laws in their vi-
gour. Kir.g Charles.

There is no body in the commomvealtb of learn-
ing who docs not profefs himfelf a lover of truth.

Locke.

2. The publick ; the genera! body of the
people.

Such a prince.
So kind a father of the commonweal, Sbak. B, IV.
Their fons are well tutored by you : you are a
good member of the commonwealth,

Staktffeart'i Ltvt'l iaitur Lfft-

COM

3. A government in which the fuprcine-
power is lodged in the people ; a repub-
lick.

Did he, or do yet any of them, imagine
The gods w uld (leep to fuch a Stygian praflice,
Againil that commonwealth which they have found*
cd ? yonjon^

C-Mm'.nvjealihs were nothing more, in their ori-
ginal, but free cities ; though fometimes, by force
of order and difcipline, they have extended them-
felves into mighty dominions. Temple.

Co'm morance. 7 n,f. [from commerant.\
Co'mmorancy. J Dwelling; habita*
tion ; abode ; refidence.

The very quality, carriage, and place of re«mn«.
ranee, of witnefles is plainly and evidently fet forth.

Hale.
An archbilhop, out of his diocefe, becomes fub-
je£l to the archbilhop of the province where he has
his abode and commorancy, Aylifc's Parergon.

CO'MMORANT. adj. [commorans, La-
tin.] Refident; dwelling; inhabiting.

The abbot may demand and recover his monk,
that is commorant and reliding in another mor.a-
(iery. jiylife's Parergon.

Commo'tion. n.f, [commotio, Latin.]

1. Tumult ; difturbance ; combuAion ; fe—
dition ; publick diforder; infurreftion.

By fla.t'ry he hath won the common hearts ;
And, when he'll pleafe to make commotion,
'Tis to b« fear'd they all will follow him.

SBakcfpfare's Henry VI,
When ye (hall hear of wars and commotions^ be
not tcrriiicd. Luke, xxi. 9.

The Iliad con(i(ls of battles, and a continual com-
motion ; the Odyfley in patience and wifdom.

Brocme^s Notes on the OdyJJly.

2. Perturbation ; diforder of mind ; heat ;.
violence ; agitation.

Some (Irange commotion
I> In bis brain; he bites his lips, and (larts,

Shskelpeare's Henry VUI.
He could not debate any thing without fomecoB-
moiion, wb<n the argument was not of moment.

Claraidow,.

3. Difturbance ; reftleflnefs.

Sacrifices were ofl'eredwhen an earthquake hap-
pened, that he would allay the commotions of the wa-
ter, and put an end to the earthquake.

ff'oodward's Natural Hifory.
Commo'tioner. n.f. \_Uom commotion.]
One that caufes commotions ; a dt4lurber
of the peace. A word not in ufe.

The people, m^re regarding commotioners than
commilTioneis, docked together, as clouds duller
agalnft a ftorm. Hayward.

To Commo've. v. a. [commoveo, Latin.]
To difturb ; to agitate ; to put into a
violent motion ; to unfettle. Not uftd..

Straight the fands,
Commov'd around, in gathering eddies play.

Thomfn^s Sutnmer,
To CO'MMUNE. 1'. n. [commuitico, La-
tin.] To converfe; to talk togethar j
to impart fentiments mutually.

So long ai Guyon with her communed.
Unto the ground (he call her modeft eye ;

And ever and anon, with rofy red,
The balhful blood-iier <aoW7 checks did dye.

Fairy £^een.
twill eomr.iir^ with you of fuch things
That want no ears but yours.

fhakijpi.jre's Mt^fure fr Meafure,
TJiey would foibc.ir open hodility, and refort un-
to hi m peaceably, that they might commune together
as friends. Hayward,

Then commune, how tliat day they br-ft may ply
Their growing wark. Afi/tcn's Paradifi L-^.

Ideas, as ranked under names, arc thofe that,
for the moft part, men rcilbn of within thcmfclws,
and always thofe which tbey csmmune about vfuh
others. Lode.

COMMV)-

CO M

'CoMMUNicABi'iiTv. «./. [from ««-'
ynunicalle-l The quality of being com-
'municable ; capability to be imparted.

Com mu'njc ABLE, adj, [from communi-
cate.'\

H. That which may Isecome the common
poffeffion of more than one : with lo,

Sith eternal life is ccmmum:able unto all, it bc-
hoovcth that the word of God be fo likcwife.

Hwka.

3. That which may be recounted ; that
of which another may (hare the know-
ledge : with to.

Nor let thine own inventions hope
Things not reveal'ii, which th' invifible king.
Only omnifcient, hath fupprcfi'd in night,
I'd none ccmmunkabit in earth or heav'n,

M-.'ua's Paradiji Ufi.
3. That which may be imparted.

The happy place
Rather inflames thy torment, rcprefenting
Loft bltfs, to thee no more ummuniciihh.

Miltm^t PiiraJifc RfgaireJ.
Oommu'nicant. ». /. [from communl-
cate.'\ One who is prefent, as a worfliip-
per, at the celebration of the Lord's
Supper ; one who participates of the
blefled facrament.

C:irmumcavls have ever ufed it ; and we, by the
form of the very utterance, do fliew we ufe it 35
cctrmunicttntt, Ihiier.

A conflant fcequenter of worfliip, and a never-
failing morithW cctmnunjranf. jirterhury's Sermons.
-Te COMMU'NICATE. 1-. a. {ccmmunico,
Latin.]

1. To impart to others what is in our
own power ; to give to others as par-
takers ; to confer a joint poffeffion ; to
beftow.

Common benefits are to be cmrnunUaied with
all, but prculiar benefits with choice. Bacon.

WJiere God is worfliipped, there he ccmmutii-
catcs bis bleflings and holy infiucDCes.

Taykr^t IVortty Ccpmuntcent.
Which of the Grecian chiefs conforts with thee ?
But Diomcde defires my company.
And Hill iim:muriiaui his prailc with me.

Dryiien^t Failct.

2. To reveal ; to impart knowledge.

I learned diligently, and do c(>nmvnicaie wifdom
liberally : I do not hide I er riches, lyijd. vii. 1 3.

3. It ha^ anciently the prepofition tuith
before the perfon to whom communi-
cation, either of benefit or knowledge,
was made.

Chjric- the Hardy would ccmmiiri.ate his fecrets
Tii/i none ; and, leaft of all, thofe fecrets which
trouble '■<'■■- ' . Baan.

He ihofc thoughts only tvltb the

lord Dr . . ; Colcpeper, and the chancel-

lor. Clartiidcrt.

A jonrncy of much adventure, which, to fliew
the fi.-ength of his privacy, had been before nut
CimmunUouH ivith any other, H'oti.r.

4. Now it has only 10 : Clarendon ufes
both tuitk and te.

I-ct him, that is tjught in the word, (ommini-
cati SUM him that ttacheth. Galai.ant, vi. 6.

His m,ijcfty frjnkl j promifed, th Jt he cuuld not,
in any drgrei:, cmmuniriiu 10 any ^eifun the nut-
ter, btf're he had takes and nmmunualid /« tlwm
'■' .. ilions. ClarirJia.

' fpeale in publick are better heard
■J,.: .. ^,.-1 Ufcourfc by a lively genius and ready
jjirmory, than v/hcn they read all they would cm-
tnuntcuu '.:> their hearers. fVatu*

?o Com M u'n I c A T E . v. n,

1. To partake of the blefled facrament.

The j>riiDitivcCktJIUliu/n»iii»n/(«/«f every day.

COM

2. To have fomething in common with '
another; TiS,thehoufescoriimtnticate; there
is a palfage between them, common to
both, by which either may be entered
from the other.

The whole body is nothing but a fyftcmof Aich
cansh, wliich all ccmntimcatc with one ancthet-,
mediately or immediately, j^rbuthra cri Alimnts.

CoKf MUNI Cj\'t ION. n. f, [from cotmnii-
nicatc. ]

1. The aft of impartiiig benefits or know-
ledge.

Buth together km completely for the reception
and commvn'xauon of learned knowledge.

Holier I FJimcvAi cf S^^-eetl-:

2. Common boundary or inlet ; paiiage or
means, by which from one place there is
a way without interruption to another.

The map fliews the natuial commuh'tca:kn provi-
dence has formed between the rivers and lakes of a
country at fo great a diftauce from the fca.

MJihn on Italy.

The Euxine fca 13 conveniently iituatcd for
trade, by the ccmmuKUalkn it haj both with Afia
and Europe. j'lrbuiinct.

3. Interchange of knowledge; good in-
telligence between fevcral perfons.

Secrets may be carried fo far, as to (top the rflw-
munuaiim necelfary among all who hare the ma-
nagement of (iffairs. Sioi/r.

4. Conference ; converfation.

Abner had communiiation with the elders of Ifcaf !,
faying, ye fought for David in times pall to be
king over you: now then do it. x 6Vmi<r/, iii. 17.
7 he chief end of lar^uag;, in f^ni'TunUatiar^
being to be underllooJ, wotda fervc not tor tlut
end, when any word does not excite in the heareis
the fame idea which it llanda for in the mind
of the fpeaker, l.scke,

Commij'nicative. ttcfj. [from c':mmu.
nicafe."] Inclined to in.ikc advantages
common; liberal of benefits or know-
ledge ; not clofe ; not felfilh.

V/e conceive them mote than fome envious and
mercenary {ardeners will thank us for j but they
deferve not the name of that ccrnnuricaih-e and
noble profeffion. Evtlyn'i Ka'cnJar.

We have paid for our want of prudence, and
determine for the future to be lefs cimmurtUmive.
Stvift ar.d Prf>e.

Commu'kicativeness. n./. [fromr^w-
miiiiicaii've.1 The quality of being com-
municative, of bellowing or imparting
benefits or knowledge.

He is not only^the moll communicative of all
beings, but he will alfo communicate himfclf in
fuch meafure as entirely to fatisfy ; othcrwife
fome degrees of ammunkatl'vejufi would be want-
ing. Norr'iS.

Commu'nion. n./. \_communio, Latin.]
I. Intercourfe ; fellowfhip ; common pof-
feffion ; participation of fomething in
common ; interchange of tranfadions.

ConfiJer, finally, the angels, as having with us
that nmmunUti wlii.h th-- ap )fth to the: lltiijrews
noicth ; and in regard whereof .mgtrls iiLive notdif-
daincd to prolefs themfcl\cs our jieUow-lervants.

We are not, by ourfelvea, fufljcient to furniih
ourielves with compctnit fto.'Ci fjr fuch a life a
our nature doth dclircj tlirrcr'jic we are naturally
induced to fi:ek immuniiK And tellowfhip \^ith
others. • jfcohn.

Tlic Ifraclites had never any amirunhti or aiiairs
with the £tbio|>ians. Bjltigb.

Thon, fo pleas'd,
Canft vaife thy creature to what height thou wilt
Of union, ot unmunian, deified. Aiiit. Pa'. Lt/1.

We maintain cmmuniim with Cod himfclf, and
are made in the fame degree partaksts of the divine
nuture, i I'iddcs.

COM

The common or publick celebration o^ .
the Lord's Suoper ; the participation o*
the ble.Ted facianient.

They refolveJ, that the ftanding of the i;o«-
iffaeion table in all churches fiiuuld be altered.

Cbarerdor* '
Tertullian reporteth, that the plflure of Chrill
was engraven upon the commtiTii-m cup,

Peachom or. Drawing,

31 A common or publick aft.

Men began publickly to call on the naTie of riie
Lord; that is, they fcrvcd and ptaifcd God by
ccmmunkn, and in publick manner.

Raicigfs Uifiory of the H-'cr/J.

4, Union in the common worfhip of any
church.

Rare communhn with a good church can never
alone make a good man ; if it could, we fhould
have no iMd ones. South,

Ingenuous men have lived and died in the csk-
mvnkn of that church. Stitlirgficrt.

Co.MMu'NiTy. n. f. \^commumtas , Latin.]

1. The commonwealth ; the body politick.

How could connnun]u:iy
Degrees in fcln^ols, arid brotherhood in cities,
But by degree ftand in authentick place ?

Shakejfean's'troilus and Crrjpdam

Not in a fingle perfon only, but in a community
or multitude ot men. Hcmi'.imVs Fundamcnials.

This parable may be aptly enough cxpoundeJ of
the laws that fecurc a civil community. L^EJlran^e,

It is not defigned for her own ufe, but for nie .
whole COT »:<f>i;r)'. Aldijon'i Guardian,

The love of our country is imprelTed on our
mind for the prefervation of thi commuitity.

j^Jdifcn's f'reeb'ifdtr.

He lives not for hi mfelf alone, but hath a regard
in all his ailions to the great connnuniry. yifttrbury,

2. Comnion poffeffion ; the ftate contrary
to property or appropriation.

Sit up and revel,
Call all the great, the fair, and fpirited damej
Of Rome about thee; and begin a fafliion
Of r'nedom and community. Bin "Jonjoti,

The undillindtion of many in the community of
name, 01 mifapplicatiun of the aft of one unto
the other, bath made fome doubt thereof.

Broiun^s Vu 'gJr Krrourt,

This text is far from proving Adam fole pro-
prietor; it is a confirmation of the original c-k-
»rwnfVy of all r.hings. Locke,

3. KrequertS'/ ; commonnefs. Not in uie.

He was but, as the cuckow is in June
Heard, not regarded ; fcen, but with fuch eyes,
As, fick and blunted with cumwvnity,
A ft'ord no extraordinary gaze. Staitffeare,

Commutabi'lity. n.f. \frorct commuta-
l>lc.'\ The quality of being capable of
exchange.

Commu'table. adj. [from commiiU.'\
That may be exchanged for fomething
elfe ; that may be bought off, or raa-
fomed.

CoMMuTA'Tiot-'. »,/. [from ccminuie.'l

1, Change; alteration.

An innocent nature could hate nothing thatwaj
innocent : in a woyi, fo great i-i the C'lnmutafionj
that the foul then hated only that which now only '
it lives, i. e. fin. Saurb'i Scrmr^ns,

2. Exchange ; the aft of giving one thing
for another.

The whole univcifc it fupported by giving and
returning, by commerce aod commutaiion,

S'.utb'i Scrmem,

According to the prefent temper of mankind, it
is abfolutely nccclTary that there be fome method
and means cf c^mKuiaticin, a£ that of miney.

Kay on lie Crrati;n.

The ufe of money, in the commerce and tralfick
of mankind, is that of faving the cctntnutalivn of
mote bulky commodities. ^rbutkp't m C'lir.t,

Z z 2 3 Ranfom r

4.

C O M

\ Hanfom ; the aft of exchanging a cor-
poral for a pecuniary puoifhrnent.

The law of GuU liad allowed 3n evalioDi that t^,
by way of ;9ntMutatiim or redemption. Brvwn^

Commu'tative. ailj. [from commute.']
Relative to exchange ; as, commutati'vt
juft'ict, tliat honefty which is exercifeil
in traffick, and svliich is contrary to
fraud in bargains.

7a COMMUTE. T'. a. [ccmmato, Latin.]

1. To exchange ; to put one thing in the
place of another ; to give or receive one
thing fiir ;;nother.

Thii will crrrmutt o'lf talks ; exchange thcfi
plcafant and gainful onc&, which OodT aHtgns, Wn
thole oneaf} and I'ruitlefs ohes wu impolb onour.
Idves. DitayifPiiy

2. To buy off", or ranfom one obligation
by another.

Some ctmmatt fwcaring for wboiingi u if for-
bearance of the unc were a ditpcnfaiian (st thr
other. L^EJirangf.

To Commu'te. "v. n. To atone; to bar-
gain for exemption.

Thofc inflitutions which G^d dcfigncd f jr mcun.s
to further men in holincG, they look upon as a
f rivUegc to fervii inllcad of it, and to commute for
it. ii.u:b's Senncm.

Commu'tuai.. a,^j. [con and mutual. ]
Mutual ; reciprocal. Uled only in poe •
try.

Love our hearts, and Hymen did our hand^*,
I'nite iomnuiual in moll facred bands.

* Shakcfptarc^s lI.tmLt,

There, with ctmmmaal zea\, wc both h.>d llrovc
In aAs.of dear, henevolence and. love;
Brothers in peace, not rivaU in sommanti.

Pcpc', Odyfey.

CO'MPACT. «. / [faSum, Latin.] A
contrad ; an accord ; an agreement ; a
mutual and fettled appointment between
two or more, to do or to forbear Ibmc-
thing. It had anciently the accent on
the laft fyllable.

1 liope the king made peace with all of us ;
And the iom^'nit is firm and true in me.

Sbalithctire'i Wubard III.
In the beginnings of fpccv h there v.as an im-
plicit rmi^oi'?, founded upon common confcnt, that
luch words, voices, or gefturcs, Ihould be figni
whereby they wnuld cxprcfs their thoughts. Soitch.
To Compa'ct. •v.a. [compingo,. compac-
tum, Latin.]

1 . To join together with firmnefs ; to
pnite clofely ; to confolidate.

inform her full of my particuhu fears :
And thereto add fuch realons of your own,
As may ccmpad it more. Shakrjfture' i King Lrar,

Nor arc the nerves of his t'.mjmii.J Itrcugth
Stretch'd and diirolv'd inio uufwiew'd length.

Dtnbtim,

By what degrees this cartji's confaflcd fphcre
W.IS harden'd, woods, and rucks, and towns, to
bear. R ffiommon,

Thi> difeaCe it more dangerous, at the folids are
more (UiS and comfnHiJ , and confequcntly more
fo as pc'iple arc jdvtinccd in age. ^yhuth, on fJiet.

Now the bright fun ampaffi the precious ftune,
Imparting radiant luftre like his ovta.

BUcknsorci CrtaU

2. To m'ake out of fomething.

If he, comjijft of j.rrs, grow mutical.
We (hail hive (hortly difcord in the fphetes. Shat.

3. To league with.

Thou pernicious woman,
Com^i>0 with her Chat's gone, ihink'll tlioo thy

oaths,
Though t icy would fwear down each particular fa^.
Were tettimunlo ? Sbakiff.Mi ajurtfur Idujurt,

COM

4. To join together ; to bring into a fyf-
tem.

Wc fee the world fo cfsmfaHiJ, thateach thing
prefcrveth other things, and alfo itfclf. lUoier.

Compa'ct. a/(/. [cotnpaQus, Latin.]
I. Firm ; folid ; dole; denfe ; of firm
texture.

Is not the denfity greater in free and twen fpaces,
void of air and other grorter bodies, than within
tile pore> of water, glat:i) cr^ttal, gems, and other
i'.mfaB bodies ? Nni'ion'i Ofikks.

Without attraflion, tlic diflcvcred particle-* nf'
the chaos could never convene into luch great rw>;-
ptifi mafl'es as ttic plan«a. Bitf.Uy.

"2. Cbmpol'cd ; confilling.

'I'hc hinatic, tlie lover, and the poet.
Are of imagination all car.faS. ShaktCftart .

A wand'ring fire,
O^mpdf? of unfluous vapour, which the night
And the cold environs around condenfcs,
Kindled through agitation to aflame. Miller..
.3. Joined; held together.

In one hand I'an has a pipe of fcven reeds, r»m-
ftii3 with wax together. I'eaihitm,

4. Brief, and well connedled ; as, a com-

paft dijcourfe.
Where a foreign tongue is elegant, cxpreflive,

clofe, and tomfaSi, we mull ftudy the utmoll force

of our language. Film.

Compa'ctedness.»._/; [from compared. ]

Firmnefs ; denfity.

Sticking or ccmpafitilncfi, being natural to den-
fity, requires fome excels of gravity in proportion
to the denfity, or fame other outward violence, to
break it, 1^'gh' "" Buiks.

Thofc atoms are fuppofed infrangible, extreme-
ly compared and hard ; which compatUdnHi and
hardncfs is a dcmonftration that uuciiing could be
produced by them. Ciicjtu,

Compa'ctly. ad'u. [from e»mpall.\

1 . Clofely ; denfely.

2. With neat joining ; with good com-
pafture.

Co M p a'c r N E s s . n. f. [ from compa3.'\
Firmnefs ; clofenefs ; denfity.

Irradiancy or fparklin;;, found in many gems,
is not difcovcrable in this, for it Cometh (hort of
their cimpaHmj' ^ud durity. Jircvin.

The beft lime mortar will not have attained its
utmoft ciMfa^riiiJs, till fourfcorc years after it has
been employed in building. This is one rcafon
why, in dcmolilhing ancient fabrics, it is cafier to
break the ftone than the mortar. B'y/e.

The reil, by re.ifoii o( the arfnilntji of terrcf-
trial matter, cannot make its way to wells.

Com p a'ctu R E. B./ [from fo/w^rti-'Z. ] Struc-
ture ; manner in wiiich any thing is
joined together ; compagination. A
good word, but not in ule.

And over it a fair iiortcullis hong.
Which to the gate dircrtly did incline.
With comely comj>afs, and compiitiure ilron^.
Neither unfeemly Ihort, nor yet exceeding long.

Fairy H^em,

COMPA'GES.a.f. [Latin.] Afyflcmof

many parts united.
The organs in animal bodies are only a regular

ccKpagcs of pipes and vclTcIs, for the fluidj ro pafs

thriugh. Ray.

Co M ? A G I N a't ion , ft./, [cimpago, Latin.]

Union; llrufture; jundion; connexion;

contexture.

The intirc or broken omfaghaiinr. of the mag-

netic;\l fabrick under it. Bro-:un's Vulgar Emun.

Co'mpan ablen ESS. n./. [from company.]

The quality of being a good companion ;

fociablcnefs. A word not now in uli;.

His eyes full of merry Cjiplicity, his words of
hearty iumpaneblmeftt Sidney. '

COM

Co'm p a n I a b l e . adj. [ from campa^y.] So-
cial ; having the qualities of a compa-
nion ; fociable ; maintaining friendly
intercourfe.

Towards his queen he was nothing uxorious, but
comptiriahle and refpeftive. Bacon's Henry VII.
Co M p a'n I o N . «./. [cot/ipagnoti, French. ]

1. One with whom a man frequently con-
verlea, Or with whom he fhares his hours
of reL-ixation. It differs from />"/W» »s-
acquaintance from cuiifidence.

How now, my lord ? vsliy do you keep atone ?
Of foti'ieil fancies your c(,mpani'>ri make ?

Sbakejpeart't Macbeth*
Some friend is a ccmpanim at the tabie, and wiU
not continue in the day of thy atiliflion.

Eccltti. vi. 10.
With anxioi/i doubts, with raging pafTioos torn.
No fweet ctmfgnion near with whom to mourn.

Pritr.

2. A partner; an alToclate.

Epaphroditus, my brother and enrpankn in la-
bour, and fellow foldier. Phi/, ii. ij.

Bercav'd of ha|'pinefs, thou may 'ft partake
His punilhment, eternal mifcry;
Which would be all his folacc and revenge.
Thee once to gain companion of his woe. Milton^

3. A familiar term of contempt ; a fellow.

I fcorn you, fcut^'y compatiion '. What ? you poor,
bafc, rafcally, cheating, iack-linnen mate ! away,
you mouldy rogue, away ! Shaiefp. Henry IV,

It gives boldncfs to .every petty companion to
fpread rumours to my defamation, where I cannot
be prefent. Retkigb,

Compa'n tON ABLE. adj. [from ctmpa-
nion.] Fit for good fellowfhip ; focial ;
agreeable.

He had a more CMpanicnablc wit, and fwayei
more among the good fellows. Clarentioti,

Compa'nion ABLY. odv. [from compa-
nionable.] In a companionable manner.
Compa'niowship. n.f. \ixoTacompanion.'\

1. Company; train.

Alcibiadcs, and fome twenty horfe.
All of compani'.njhip. Sbakijpiarc'i T-'msii.

2. Fellowfliip ; affociation.

If it lie honour in your wars to fcem
The fame you arc not^ which, for your beft ex3d^>-
You call your policy ; how is 't Icfs, or worfc.
That it ihall I'lold companiiKfi.-ip in peace
With honour as in war ? ^bakijptaiet Coriolanus.

CO'MPAN Y. n. /. [cowpngnie. French,;
either from con and pagus, one of the
fame town ; or con and pants, one that
eats of the fame mefs.]

1 , Perfons aflembled together ; a body oi
men..

Go, carry Sir John Falftaff to the Fleet ;
Take all his company along with him.

^bakej'pcjie'i Henry IV.
Honeft company, I thank you all.
That luve beheld me give away myf-df
To this moft patient, fwcct, aiid virtuous wife.

Hbakefpeare*

2, Perfons aflembled for the entertain-
ment of each other ; an affembly of
pleafure.

A crowd is not company ; and faces are but a
gallery of piflurcs, where there is no love.

Bacon's EJ/liys,

3, Perfons confidered as afTcmbled for con-
verfation ; or as capable of convcrfation
and mutual entertainment.

Monficur Zulichem came to me among the reft
of the good company of the town. Tcp^U*

Knowledge of men and manners, the freedom of
habitudes, and conveffation with the beft company
of both fcxes, is neccflary. Dryden,

9 4. The

COM

T. The Hate of a companion ; the aft of
accompanying ; converfation j fellow-
ihip.

it is more pleafanc to enjoy the cnrpany of him
that can fpeak fuch rords, than by fuch words to
be pcrfuaded to follow folitarincfs. Sidny.

Nor will 1 wretched thee
In death fortikc, htit keep thee amftvy.

Drydcn's FnHes.
Abdallah grew by degrees fo enamoured ot" her
convcrfition, that he did not think he lived when
he was not in cumpany with hia belond Ballora.

Guardian,

5. A number of perfons united for the
execution or performance of any thing ;
a band.

Shakelpeare was an aflor, when there were feven
ninpamti ot pla>crs in the town together. DcnnU.

6. Perfons united in a joint trade or part-
nerfhip.

7. A number of fome particular rank or
proi'effion, united by Jome charter ; a
body corporate ; a fiibordinate corpora-
tion.

This emperor feems to have been the firft who
incorporated the fcveral trades ot' Rome into fom-
pdiiia, with their p»titular privileges.

Abuthnot on Coins,
2. A fubdivifion of a regiment of foot ; fo
many as are under one captain.

Every captain brought with him thrice fo many
in his cirrpany as waj esprded.

Knolla'i Hi/larf <>/ the Tnrli,
Q. \ ^""' Company. J To accompa-
'■ I To keep CoMPANV. 3 ny ; to aflbci-
ate with ; to be companion to.

1 do delirc thee

To hear me ccmfany, and go with me. .'\t,iiiff.

Thoft Indian wives are loving tools, and may

do well to iaf comfany with the Arrias and Portia's

ot" old Aomc. Dryden.

Admitted to that equal flcy,
Hi» faithful dog /hall h<ar him comfjny.

Pope'i EJay >,n Man.

Why fliould be call her whore ? Who kt,fi hex

(CmpMy f Shatc^eart', Utbcllo.

10. To keep Com PAN v. To frequent
houfes of entertainment.

11. Sometimes in an ill fenfe.

To Co'm p a n V . -:.•. n, [from the noun.] To
accompany; to attend; to be companion
to ; to be alTuciateti with.

i am
The foldier that did cimfanj thcfc thuee.

Shahfftart's Cymiiiim.

Thus, through what patli I'oc'erof life we rove,

Rage cimfatia our hate, and grief our love. Prkr,

To Co'm p a n y . 1/. ».

t. To aflbciate one's felf with.

I M(rotc to you not to amfany with fornicators.

1 Cor, V. 9.

2. To be a gay companion. Obfokte.

For there ti'.oa i.eed: mull learn to laugh, to lye.
To face, to forge, to fccff, to ccmfary.
, Sflnfcr'l Huhirrd's Tale.

Comparable, nrfj. [from To comptirc]
"Vt orthy to be compared ; of equal re-
gard ; worthy to contend for preference.

This prcfenc world affordeth not any thing cow-
ffrabU unto the publick duties of religion. Uookir.
A min ctimfarabtt with any of the captains of
that ajc, an excellent fol.Iier loth by lea anif land.
. KnrMii's ll,pry -Jihirurhs.

There is nobleffing of life amf arable to the en-
joyment of a difcreet jnd vittuoui friend.
, Add'ijon'i Sjeftator.

COMPARABty. aii-v. [ from comparahle. ]
Jn a manner or degree worthy to be
compared.

COM

There could no form for fuch a royai ufe'be
Citnpcirably imagined, ^ike that of the furcf.ii 1 na-
ti""' H'orton's AixkutHure.

Compa'rates. n./. [from comfare.'\ in
logick, the two things compared to one
another.

Compa'rative. at!j. [compnrativiis , Lat. ]

1 . EAimated by comparifoii ; not pofuive ;
not abfolute.

Thou wert dignified cnoiii.'h,
Ev'n to the point of envy, if 'twe;e iti.ide
O^mparatl've for your virtues, to be ftilcd
The under hangman of his realm. SL.ik. Cymbe/ine.

There refteth the ccmparailvr, chat is, fgrantcd
that it is either lawful or binding; vet whether
other things be no: to be preferred before the ex-
tirpation of herefics. Bacjn,

The bloflbm is a politive good j although the
remove of it, to give place to the fruit, be a om-
parathve good. Bacon.

This bubble, by realbn of its comparative levity
to tlie fluid thatinclofcs it, would nccelfarily afcend
to the top. Bent/iy,

2. Having the power of comparing differ-
ent things.

Beauty is not known by »n eye or nofc; it con-
fifts in a fymmetry, and it Is the comparaiive fa-
culty which notes it. Ghniiillc! Scepfts Scknifca.

3. [In grammar.] The comparative de-
gree expreffes more of any quantity in
one thing than in anotlier; as, the right
hand i J the ftrouger.

CcTmpa'ratively. etJv, [from eompara-
ti've.y In a ftate of comparifon ; ac-
cording to eftimate made by compari-
fon ; not pofitively.

The good or evil, which is removed, may be
cftccmcd good or evil amparaiively, and not pofi-
tively or fimply. £^,,.„.
In this world, whatever is called good, is c.mpa-
rativcly with other things of its kind, or with the
evil mingled in its copipofition ; fobcisagood
mnn that is better than mer. commonly a^e, or in
whom the good qualities are more than the had.
_, Temple,
The vegetables being ntnpVMively lightur th.in
the ordinary terreftriil matter of the gl.be, fub-
fided Uft. it^ood-.uard.
But how few, comparatrvrly, arc the inilancct
of this wife application ! Rfen,
TaCOMPA'RE. f. rz. [cornpar!), Latin'.]
I. To make one thing the meafure of an-
other ; to eftimate the relative goodncfs
orbadnefs, or othej- qualities, of any one
thing, by obferving how it differs 'irom
fomcthing elfe.

I will hear Brutus fpeak..— —
I will hear CalTius, and cutipi^r,- their rcafons.

Shaki}peare.
They meafuring thcmfelves by theip&lvc,', an/i
comparing thcmfclvc* among thcmfclves, are n<\
«■'<■• 2 Ccr. X. .3.

No man can thiuk it grievous, who confidtt-
the pkafureand fweutncls of lojve, and ;hc glorious
viflory of overcoming evil with' good ; and then
comparer thefe with the relH.-fs torment,' an I per-
petual tumults, of a malicious and revengeful
(■P'^t- . ^ TUktf,^.

He that his got the ideas of number!, and h.ith
taken the p lins to compare one, twn, and three, to
fix, cannot chiife but know they are equal. Lech.
Thus much of the wrong judgment men make
of prcfent and future pleafurc and pain, when thev
are compared together, and fo the abfent confidrred
as future. /,„?,

'., It may be obferveJ, that when the com-
parifon intends only fimilitude or iljuf-
tration by likenefs, wc iifc to before the
thing brought for illolbation ; as, he
compart ti anger to a fire.

Solon compared the people unto ;he fea, and ora-
tors and counfellors to the winds ; for th^t the lea
would be cnlit) and quiet, if the vvinds did ii-Jt
. trouble it. Bticen's ylpophlbcgm-,

3. When two perfons or things are com-
paredj to dilcovcr their relative propor-
tion of any quality, luith is ufed before
the thing ufed as a meafure.

Black Macbeth
Will fccm as pure as fnow, being co>npar''d
fViih my confinelefs harms. Shukcjp, Macbeth.

To compare
Small things laieh grcatell, Mihin's Far. Reg,

He carv'd in ivory fuch a maid fo fair,
As nature could not OTi>i> his an compare. Drydcr..

It he compares this tranflation ivith the original,
he will find that the three firft ftanzas arc rendeieil
almoll word for word. Addihii's SpcBaf.r.

4. To compare is in Spejtfer ufed after the
Latin comparo, for to get ; to procure ;
to obtain.

But, both from back and belly, ftill did fpare
To fill his bags, and riches to compare. Fairy i^
Compa're. n. /. [from the v«rb.]

1. The ftate of being compared ; compa-
rative eftimate ; comparilbn ; poifibility
of entering into comparifon.

There I the rarcll things havefeen,
Oh, things without compare ! SucUing.

As their fmall galleys may not hold compare
With our tall ihjps. H'aller.

Beyond compare the Son of God was fcen
Mod glorious. Mi/ion's Paradife Lofi,

2. Simile; fimilitude 5 iiluftratian by com-
parifon.

'Irue fwaijis in love (h.ill, in tjif world to come,
Approve their truths by Troilus ; when their

rhymes.
Full of proted, and oatli, and big compare.
Want fimilies. i>hakffp. Troilus and Crcjfida.

Compa'risok.w./ [i(;/K/i7?vr//i«, French.]

1. The aft of comparing.

Natalis Comes, comparing his parts with thnfu
ot a man, reckons his cl.iws amon^' them, which
. are much mure like tlmle of a lien ; fo Ciify it is
to dri\i on the compaiijon too far to make it good,
Grcui^t Ddujttum.
Our author foves jne the cmparijin with tra-
gedy ; for he fays, that herein .he is to imitate the
tr^ick poet. _ Dryden.

2. The ftate of being compared.

If v« will rightly eltimatc what \vc call good
and iLv'ii, we fliall fiud it lies muoli In comfarijrn.

Loekt.

Oojcfls near our view qre apt, ti» be though:
greater than thofe of a larger fize that are mof*
remote ; and fo it is with pkafuec and pain ; the
prelent is apt to cany it, and tbofc at a diftance
have the difadvantage in the ccmparifin. Loeke.

3. A comparative ellimate ; proportion.

It men would live as religii.n rrouires, the world
vv.iuld tie a mod lovely and defirablc place, in jem-
pariftn of what now it is. TiUvJioK.

One can fcarcc imagine. how fo plentiful a foil
(hould becOTne fo miferably unpeopled, in compa-
r'lj'.r, of whrrtitoncewas. Addij. Remarks oh Italy.

4. A fimile in writing or fpeakipg ; an il-
luftration by fimilitude.

As fair and as good u kind of hand in hjnd cok-
parijon, hid been ibmethiug too lair and too good
for any ladj. kbake/poire.

5. [Ill grammar.] The formation ofanad-
jeftive through its various degrees of fig-
nification ; ^i,Jlrong,J{ronga-,J}rougeJf,

To COMPA'RT. <y. a. {(otnfartir, J<r.
from con and pnnior, Lat.] 'Vo divide ;
to mark out a general defign into its va-
rious parts and fubdivifions.

I make haftc to the calling and comparting of
the whole work. IVutiin's Ar.l'it.elure,

Compa'rti-

COM

CpMrA*RTiMl!NT. ». / [comfar/hiteirh
French.] A divifion of a pifture, or de-
fign.

Vhe circumfeience is diviJcJ 'nto twelve cem-
p3T!h:a>tt, each containing a cpmplete pifture.

Ptft.
Couparti'tion. «./ [ttovncpmparS.'\

1. The afl of comparting or dividing.

I will come lo the c;mf>iirri'ion, by whicn the
aulhors of this aj t underftand a graceful and ufe-
iul diftribut'on of the wliolc gtoundplot, both for
ri>om» of oliice and entertainment. H-'cltm.

2 . The parts marked out, or feparated ; a
feparate part.

Their temples and amphitheatres needed no com-
ptn'itiimi. ff^atons jitMtcfturc.

Compa'rtmekt. (7. / [comparliment,
Prench.] Divifion^ ieparate part of a
ileCgn,

Ihe i()nare will make you ready for all manner
vi comfarimtnti, bafes, pedcftals, and buildings.

Peacbem en Drutvtng,

To COM'PASS. -v.a. [compajfer, Fr. com-

Jiaffiire, Ital. pajphus meiiri, Latin.]
J . To encircle ; to environ ; to furround ;
to inclofe : it has fometimes around, or
about, added.

Adarkfomc way.
That deep defcended through the hollow ground,
And was with dread and horrour cumfeffid arnunJ.

Fairy Sluar.
1 fee thee compafi'd with thy kingdom's peers.
That fpeak my i'a;utation in their minds.

Sbakeffcart's Macbitb.
Now all the bleflings
Of a glad father f;m/Wl thee a/'0«r.' Sbak.TempiJl.
The fliady trees cover him with their (hadow :
the willows of the brook cemfaji him ehout.

Job, x1. II,
Obferve the crowds that comf^fs him arouril.

Drycieni Virgil.

To dare that death, I will approach yet nigher ;

Thus wert thou cot7:f,-JJidvi\ih circling fire. Dry J.

2. To walk round any thing.

Old Chorineus ampafi'd thrice the crew,
AlM dipp'd an olive-branch in holy dew,
Which thrice he fpjinkied round. Drydcn's JEn.

3. To beleaguer ; to befiege ; to block.

Thineenemies (hill caft a trench about thee, and
comfiifi thee round, and keep thee in on every fide.

I^kt, xix. 43.

4. To grafp ; to inclofe in the arms ; to
fcize.

5. To obtai\i ; to procure ; to attain ; to
"hare in the power.

That which by wiidom he faw to be requifite for
thit people, was by as great wifdom c-.mpajUd.

Hooktr^i preface.

His ma.ler being one of great regard,
1 1 court to cir.fafi any fuit not hard.

HMtrd'i Talf.

If I can check my erring love, I will;
If mt, to ccmpafi her I'll ufe my /kill. Shakejf.

How can you hope to ccjTipaJi your dciigns,
And not dilTemble them ? ' Daihami Sophy.

He had a mind to make himfclf maftcr of
Weymouth, if he could compafs it without engag-
ing his army before it. Clarcif/ldn.
' The church of Rome createth titular patriarchs
of Conftantinopie and Alexandria ; fo loth is ihc
pope to lufi: the remembrance of any title that he
hath once canfafjiJ. BreriWyx!.

Invention is the firft part, and abfjlutely ne-
celTary to them both ; ye: no rule ever was, or ever
tan be given, how to Ci,mfiiji it. Drydtn'i Dufrtf,

The knowledge oi what is good and what is

evil, what ought and what ojght not to be done,

thing too large to be compeJ/iJ, and too hard to

be maftered, without bruin;> and ftudy, parts and

eotta>Flatioii« ' Stuti.

CO M

Ii cv'ry work regard the writer's en!,
Since none can canfufi more than they intend.

Pcjv.

6. [In law.] To take mcafurcs prepara-
tory to any thing ; -ai, » compafs /be
death of the king.

Co'mpass. n.f. [from the verb.]
■I. Circle ; round.

This day I breathed firft ; time ii come ro»nd ;
And where I did begin, there (hall i end :
My life is run its c^pipafi, Sbaiifp* "yuliui Cafar.

z. Extent; reach; grafp.

O Juliet, I already know thy grief;
It ftrains me pad lUe cCftnfafs of my wits. Stahff.

That which is out of the compafs of any rnanS
power, is to that man impolTible. South^t Sfrni>ni.

How few there are may be juftly bewailed, the
compafs of them extending but from the time of
Hippocrates to that of Marcus Antoninus. Ttmph.

Animals in their gen«ration are wif^r than the

fons of men ; but their wifdom is confined to a

few particulars, and lies in a very narrow compuft.

Addifon"! SpetltJtet.

This author hath tried the force and anpaf: of
our language with much fucccft. 6^uift.

3. Space ; room ; limits, cither of time or
fpace.

No Itfs than the compafs of twelve bwks is
taken up in thcfc. Pope's Effay on Homer's JSafths,

The £nglilh arc good confederates in an ent:r-
prlzu which may be difpatchcd in a ihort CLmiafs
of time. Addifin's Frielr.U,r,

You have heard what hath been here done for
the poor by the five bofpirals and the workhoufe,
within the compafs of one year, and towards the
end of a long, exj-enfive war. Attirliury.

4. Enclofure; circumference.

And their mount Palatine,
Th' imperial palace, cojy.pafs hti^e, and fiigh
The ftrufture. MJt'.n' s Parjdife Regained.

Old Rome from fuch a race derivM her birth.
Which now on feven high hills triumphant reigns;
And in that comfafs all the world contains.

Dryden's Virv'd,

5. A departure from the right line ; an
indired advance ; as, to fetch a compafs
round the camp.

6. Moderate fpace ; moderation ; due li-
mits.

Certain it is, that in two hundred years before
(1 fpeak within ccmpah^ no fuch commiHion had
been executed in cither of tlicfe provinces.

Ddvics OK Ireland,

Nothing is likelier to keep a man within com.-

pafi, than the having conftantly before his eyes the

(late of his afiairs, in a regular -courfs of acccHmt.

/.«Jf'.

7. The power of the.Vdice to cxprefs the
notes ol mufick.

You would found me from my loweft note to
the top of my ctmpafs* St-ak.fpeare's hamkr*

From harmony, from heavenly harmony,
This univcrfal frame began :

From harmony to harmony
Through all tlic cvptifs of the notes it ran.
The diapafon clofing full in man. Drydcn.

S. [This is rarely ui'ed in the fingular.]
The inllrument with whiqh circles are
drawn.

If they be two, they are tw.i fo
As ftiff twin compaffes ixe two s
Thy foul, the fixt foot, makes no (how
. To move ; tut djth, if th' other dn. D.'.r.i.

In his hand
He took the e°'<'<=° compajfis, piepa.'d
In Cod's eternal (lore, to circiimlcribe
This unlvtifc, and all ctcattd things.

■ Ml/Ion's Paradiff Lcji.
To fix one fjot of their CM-.pofs wherever they
think fit, and extend the O'her to fuch tcrribi:
lengths, without defcriblng any c!rcu:Tiference at
ad, is to l;avc us a.'id thcir.f;lv'.j in a very uncrtain
ftate. it?//>.

C O M

9. The inflrument compofcd of a needle
and card, whereby mariners fteer.

■The breath oT religion fills the tils; profit is
the compafs by whi>.h fa£liou^ men fteer theJt
courfe. f^"^ CbarUi,

Rude as their flitps was navigation then^
No ulrful compafs or m'^ridian krtown :

Coafting they kept the land within their ken.
And k new no north but when ^c pole-ftar /hone.

Dryd.n.
With eoual force the tempeft blows by turns
From ev'ry corner of tlie fcaman's compafs.

Rowe's jane Shore,
He that firft difcovered the ufe of the cmfnfs,
did more for tlie fupptying and increafe of ufel'ul
c:>mmodities, than thole who built workhoufes.

Locke,

to. In old language there was a phrafe,

to come in compafs, to be brought round.

C0MPAS5-SAW. a. f.

The {cmpafs-faw (hould not have its teeth f;t,
as other (uw j have ; but the edge of it (hould be
made (j broad, and the back fo thin, that it may
ealily follow the bioad edge. Its ofiice is to cift a
round ; and therefore the edge muft be made broad,
and the back thin, that the back may have a wide
kerf to turn in, Aioxm,

COMP A'SSrON. n.f \compaffion, French,
from fi7« and /a/;V,Lat.] Pity; com-
mlferation ; ibrrow for the fufterings of
others ; painful fympathy.

Ye had compafjion of me in my bonds.

Ueirens, t. 34,
* Their angry hands

\ My brothers hold, and vengeance thefe exaS ;

This pleads compajfan, and repents the fa£t.
1 . Dryden's Faths,

1 The ^ood-natiired man is apt to be moved with
comp,!jJ;:n tor thofe misfurtu.ie3 or infirmitlci",
which another would turn into ridicule.

Addijon's Spectator,

To Compa'ssion. <v. a. [from the noun.]
To pity ; to compaffionate ; to comml-
ferate. A word fcarcely ufed,

O heavens ! can you hear a good man groan,
And not relent, or not c'j>':piiffiii: l.im ?

Sbakefprare's Titus Andr^nicut,
CoMPA SSIONATE. adj. [^bottt compaJJion.'\
Inclined to compaffion ; inclined to
pity ; merciful ; tender; melting ; foft;
eafily afFefled with forrow by the mifery
of others.

There never was any heart truly great and ge-
nerous, that was not alfo ttnder and compaffionate,
Soutb's Sermons*

To Compa'ssionate. <y. a, [from the
noun,] To pity ; to commiferate.

Experience layeth princes torn cftates before their
eyes, and withal perl'uades them to compaffioKats
themfelves. • RMcigb,

CcmpaJ/icKaies my pains, and pities me !
What is compafTion, when 'tis void of love ?

AdJifon's Cats,
CoMPA'S510NATELT.fl//T;. [frOm COIKpaf-

Jienate.] Mercifully ; tenderly.

The fines were alfigned to the rc'jullding St.
Paul's, and thought therefore 10 be the more fc-
verely impofed, and the lefs ctimp.jj/i9natcly reduced
and cxcufed. ClarendoH,

Compate'rkity. n.f, [ecu andpaterai-
tas, Latin.]

Goftipred, or compatirnity, by the canon law, ij
a fpiritual alKnity ; and a juror that was go.lip to
cither of the parties m'ght, in former times, have
be^n challenged as nut indid'crent by our law.

Davits's State of Ireland,

CoMPATlBl'LITy.»./[ from compatible. ]

Confiftency ; the power of co-exifting

with fomething elle ; agreement with

i any thing.

7 COMPA-

Com

COMPA'TIBLE. aJj. [corrupted, by an
unfkilful compliance with pronunciation,
from competible, from competo, Latin, to
fidtt to agree. Competible is found in good
writers, and ou^at always to be ufed. ]

1. Suitable to; lit for; confjitent with;
not incongruous tOi

The objedl o( the will is fuch a good as is cam-
faliiU to on inKlle^ud nature.

Htih's Origin cf Mar.k'o:d.

2. ConfWent; agreeable.

Our poets have joined together foch qualities as
are by nature the moft c-.mfatsilc ^ valour with
anger, mcekocrs with piety, and prudence with
diliimuljtion. Pr:cm^.

Compa'tibleness. ;;. / [from compati-
hU.'\ Confiftency ; agreement with any
thing.

Compa'tibly. adv. [from compallbU.']
Fitly ; fuitably.

Com p a't t e n t . adj. [from fo«.x^d patter,
Latin.] Suffering togethtr.' Di3.

Compa'triot. B.y" [frSm ccnandpafria,
Lat.] One of the fame country. Did.

The governor Icnew he v/as fo circumfpe^ as
not to adhere to any of the faftjons of the time,
in a neutrality indifferently and friendly entertain-
ing all his canpatrkit, DrummcnJ,
. Compe'er. n.f. [compar, Latin.] Bqual;
companion ; colleague ; aflbciate.

Scl'oftris,
That monarchs harnefs'd, to his chariot yok'd
Bafe fervitude, and his dethron'd ampcin
Lalh'd furioufly. Ph'ilips.

To Compe'er. c a. [from the noun.] To
be equal with ; to mate.

In his own grace he doth exalt hlmfdf
Mote than in your advancement,
i In my right.
By mc invefted, he compeeri the beil.

Skakt/peare's Khg Lear.
To COMPE'L. V. a. [compe/lo, Latin.]
1. To force to fome aft; to oblige; to
conllrain ; to neceHitate ; to urge irre-
fiftibly.
You will entpil me then to read the will ?

iihakffpcare'i yuliui Cafitr.
TKe fpinners, carders, fullers, temfJH by hun-
ger.
And lack of other means, in defp'rate manner
Daring ch' event to the teeth, ate ail in uproar.

Sictrjfetre.
He rcfufed, and faid,.I will not eat : but his
Servants, toge^er with the wom.in, timftilid him.
I Sjtmuti, xxvii. 23.
But firft the lawlefs tyrant, who de nic;
To know their God, or mciia^^, :o i .g^rd.
Mull be compelled by lign* and judgrr.cn:L dirr.

Mdlm.

All thefe bicffings could but enable, not cmftl,

us to be Happy. CiirerJm.

Whole droves of minds are by the driving god
Comftli dxa drink the deep Lethean floodr Dryiten.

2., To take by force or violence ; to ravifh
from ; to feize. This fignification is un-
common and harfh.

The fubjefls grief
Comes through eommillions, which umptl from

each
The fixth part of his fubdance, to be lc\ieJ
Without delay. ihak'Jbtari , Henry VIII.

3. To gather together, and unite in a com-
pany. A Latiniim , compelUre grtgf >:.

H; M tl.c town itrurn'J,
Attended by the chic's who fought the field ,
Now friend'y mix'd, and in one troop cwnpeil'd.

Drjden.

4. To feize ; to overpower.

Our men fecure nor juaids norcentrles held, \
I Bu; eif) Ccc p iheii weary liuibs cmptlfd, prydeti.

COM

CoMPE'LiAELE.cr/?. [ from rt«/f/. ] That

may be forced. Perhaps it (hould be

ccmpellible,
Compella'tion. ». /. [from ccmpello,

Latin.] The ftyle of addrefs ; the word

of falutation.

The ftile bed fitted for all perfons, on all occa-
fions, tj ufe, is the arrpcthtUn of Father, which
our Saviour firft taught. Duppas Ruks of De'vctkn.

The peculiar c^mj^elljt'wn of the kings in France,
is hyjln, which is nothing clfj bat father. Terrfle.

Compe'ller. n. f. [from ccmpel-l Hethat
forces another.

CO'MPEND. «. / [compendium, Latin.]
Abridgment ; funiraary ; epitome; con-
traction ; breviate.

Fix in memory the dlfcourfcs, and abflra£l
them into brief compcr.dt.

IVatti't Imprivement cf the Mind.

CoMPENDI a'riOUS. adj. [compe>tdiari:iS,
Lat.] Short; contraded ; furaraary ;
abridged.

Co M p e N D I o's I T Y. n./. [from canpendious.l
Shortnefs ; contradted brevity. Diil.

Compe'n Dious. adj. [from compendium.'\
Short ; fummary ; abridged ; compre-
henfive ; holding much in a narrow
fpace ; direft ; near ; by which time is
faved, and circuition cut off.

They learned more lompendious and expeditious
\yays, whereby they lliarcened their labours, and
gained time. tymdward.

Compe'ndiously. adv. [from compen-
dious.'] Shortly ; in a (hort method ; fum-
mariiy ; in epitome.

By the apotlles we have the fubftance of Chrif-
tian belief lompendioujjy drawn into few and Ihort
articles. Huoker.

The ftate or condition of matter, before the world
was a- making, hcomfendhujly exprelfcd by the word
chaos. Ber.tlcy.

Compe'ndiousnf.ss. n.f. [from compen-
dious.'\ Shortnefs; brevity; compreheu-
fion ill a narrow compafs.

The inviting eafincfs and compendicufneft of this
afiertion, Ihould dazzle the eyes. Beriley^s Sermons,

COMPENDIUM, n.f. [Latin.] Abridg-
ment ; fummary ; breviate ; abbrevia-
ture ; that which holds much in a nar-
row room ; the near way.

After we arc gruwn well acquainted with a fhcrt
fyftem or ccmfendium of a friencc, which is written
in the plalileil and moi> fimpic manner, it is then
proper to read a larger regular treatife on that fub-
je4t. h^'jits en the M^i^U

Com pe'n SABLE, adj. [from compenjhte.]

That which may be recompcnftd.
To COMPE'NSATE. -v. a. [compenfi, La-
tin.] To recompenfe ; to be equiva-
lent to ; to counterbalance ; to counter-
vail ; to make amends for.

1 he length of the nij^ht, and the dews thereof,
do cojrpei:faje ti»e heat M the day. Ban^n's Nat. ////?.

The picafures of lite do not ccmperjati: the mife-
ries. - Prhr.

Nature to thefe, without profufion kind,
Th': proper organs, proper pow'r.s, alfign'd ;
Eaclj feeming want ecmpenjjted of courfe.
Here with degrees of fwiftnefs, there of force. Pofe.
Com PENS a't ION. n./. [from compen/nte.]
Recotnpence ; fomething equivalent ;
amends.

l*oynings, the better to make eontpt-nfutiorrof his
fcfvitc in till; wir^, called a parliament. Bacon.

All other debts may conpenjar'tan (\nAy
But love it &SI&, aad wiU be piid in kind.

prydent AurcngKek.

COM

Compe'nsative. adj. [from eompettjate.'j
That which compenfates ; that which
countervails. .

To Com pe'nse. v. a. [compenjo, Latin.]
To compenfate ; to countervail ; to be-
equivalent to; to counterbalance; to
recompenfe.

It fcemeth, the weight of the quickfilver doth
not ccmpenfe the weight of a ftone, more than th«
weight of the aqua-fortis. Pnrm'i Natural lift 11 y.

The joys of the two marriages were ccmjienjed
with the mournings and funerals of prince Arthur.
Bacon's Henry VJI.

To COMPERE'NDINATE. v. a. [com-

perendino, Lat.] To delay.
Co M p E R. E K u I N a't ION. n. f. [from com-

perendinate.] Delay; dilatorinefs.

Co'mPETENCE. ") r rr

Co'mpetency. \ »•/ [from competent.-]

1. Such a quantity of any thing as is fuffi-
cient, without iuperfluity.

Something of fpccrh is to be indulged to com-
mon civil. ty, more to intimacies, and a competency
to thofc recreative difcourfes which maintain the
- chcarfglncfs of fociety. Gov. of Tongue.

2. Such a fortune as, without exuberance,
is equal to the neceffities of life..

Tor compeltnci of life I will allow you.
That lack of means enforce you not to evil.

Shakefpeare's Henry IV,
It is no mean happincfs to' be feated in thi
mean : fuperfluity comes fooner by white hairs, but:
competency lives longer. Shak. Mercb. of yinice.
A difcrect learned clergyman, with a competency
fit for one of his education, may bean entertaining,
an ufetui, and fometimes a neceffary companion.

Sisift.
Reafon's whole pleafure, all the joys of fenfe.
Lie in three words, health, peacc,.and cwipeiev.:e.

Pope.

3. [In law.] The power or capacity of
a judge or court, for taking cognifanco
of an affair.

CO'MPETENT. adj. [cemperens, Latin.]

1. Suitable; fit; adequate ; proportionate.

If there be any power in imigination, the dif-
tancc muit be competent, the medium not adverfe,
and the body apt and proportionate. Bac. Nat. Hi/!.

2. Adapted to any purpofe without defcit
or fuperfluity.

The grcatcft captain of the Englifli Brought ra-
ther a guard, than a competent army, to recortrr Ire-
'»"'*• Davics on Ireland,

To draw men from great excefs, it is not amifs,
though we ufe them unto fomcwhat Icfs than U
competent. Hooker.

3. Reafonable ; moderate.

A competent number of th; old Being ffrft read,
the rew Ihould foccccd. Hviktr,

The clergy have giined fome infight into men
and things, and a competenr knowledge of the
**''"■'"'• . Atterbt4rfs Sermons.

4. Qualified ? fit: a competent ]viAgt, is one
wlio has a right of jurifdiftion in the
cafe.

Let us firft confijcr how competent wc are fr the
office. Go^'ernmcnt of ike Torque.

;. Confiffent with ; incident to.

That is the privilejie of the Infinite Author of

things, who never (lumbers nor deeps, but i» not

compeiinl to any finite being. Lo,ii:

Co'mpetently. adv. [(torn cmpelait.}.

1. Adequately; properly.

I t.'iinlc it hath bi^cn competently proved. Bentley.

2. ftcafonably ; moderately ; without fu-
perfluity or want.

Sime places rtir^wht m^n compctcmjy tnA^vci ;
but none think rlie appointment tj bf a duty of
juIUcc bound to rt-lpeci deiut. »^a'„ „,

COMPE-

COMPETIBLE. naj. [from ttinfete, La-
tin. For this word a corrupt orthogra-
phy has introduced comfalitU.] Suit-
able to ; confident with.

It is not cMttfrtHu: with the grace of God fo
jnucit as to mcliiw any man to do evil.

. HimmcrJ en FuitJamentaU.
Thofe are proi>ertie» not at all amfaihlii to body
or matter, though of never fo pure a mixture. ^

The duration o( eternity i parte ante is fuch as
IS only tttKftiikle to tlie eternal God, and not cr>m-
tnunicable to any created being. Sir AfatibiW Hall.

■ Compe'tielenkss. «./. [froin comfeii-
^/?.] SuitablcBels; fitnefs.
COMPETrXION. ». /. [from con and
fetitio, Latin.]

1. The afl of endeavouring to gain what
another eiideavours to gain at the fame
time ; rivalry ; contcft.

The ancient flames ot difcori and inteftine wtrj
upon the umfttiikx at' both houfet, would, again
return. Bmoii.

A portrait, with which one of Titian's could
not come in crniprtiticji. Drydtn's Dufrejn:}.

Though what pioduces any degree of pleafure be
in itfcif good, and what is apt to produce any de-
gree of pjin be evil, yet often we do not call it
fo, \«hcn it comes in ccmfttU'wn: the degrees alfo
of pleafure and pain have a preference. i.oc*r.

We AouW be afhamed to rival infcriours, and
dirtioaour our nature by fo degrading a ci.mpct}:kn.

Rf/gcn.

2. Double claim ; claim of more than one
to one thing : anciently with to.

Coaftiiiion it the crown there is none, nor can
be. Bacon.

3. Now with /or.

The prize of beauty was difputed till you were
fecn i but now all pretenders have withdrawn thejr
claims : there is no ccKpiliiiin but for the feconJ
place. Dryiicn.

Compe'titor. «./■ [con and. fetitor, La-
tin.]

1. One that has a claim oppofite to an-
other's ; a rival : with /or before the
thing claimed.

How furious and impatient they be.

And cannot brook nmfititurs in love.

Shuktj'ftari' s Tilui AiJrer.uus.

Some undertake fuits with purpofe to let them
fall, to gratify the comftiitir. Bmtm.

Cicereius and Scipio were nmftlMnftr the o*'-
fice of prittor. TaiUr.

Hei«ho trufts in God has the advantage in pre-
fent felicity; and, when we take fufjrity into the
account, ftands alone, and is atknowkdgcJ toh«'c
no competitor. Rogtr:.

a. It had formerly 0/ before the thing
claimed.

I Selymcs, king of Algiers, was in arms againft

his brother Mcchemetes, comfilil.r of the king-
dom, Knoihi's H\liiij.
3. In Shakej'peare it feems to fignify only
an opponent.

The Guildfords arc in arms.
And every hour more ccmfeuiort
Flock to tl-.e rebels. Shaitfpearc's RichartI lU.

Compk-a'tion. ti.f. [fromfow/i/7o, Lat.]

1. A collcflion from various authors.

2. An aflemblage ; a coacervation.

There it in it a fniall vein filK'd with fpnr,
probably fince the time of the compiljiion of the
mafs. fyooJiViini Cfi yoffih.

To COMPI'LE. -v. a. [compilo, Latin.]

1 . To draw up from various authors ; to
colleft into one body.

2. l!a write; to compofe.

It. p etry they com/i/e the praifci of virtuous
mm and adions, and fatites agaioil vice, 'ftmfle.

COM

Bv the accounts which authors have left, they

might irAtn that tiie t'lC^*- ot' Tea aiiil iajiJ it the

fame that ic was svhco tliolc accounts wc;c ifmp>\}<d»

yy^fidwartVi Natural If iji^ty*

The regard ho hadf ^t his fiiiekl, had catsleJ

bim forrocHy tortfffj^i/ra difl'rrtaiion conccrnuig ir.

j^/hutbnot end Vvpet

3. To contain ; to comprifc : not ufeJ.

AUer Id long a rate as I have run
Through tairy J and, which thofcfix books .'&m^//f,
Give leave to reil me. !>pcnjcr,

4.. To make up ; to compofe. Not ufed.

Lion like, unlan4ilh and more wiM,
Slave to his yxu\ty and all hjs nerv'cs being natu-
rally ic/Npirj
Of eminent Hrength, ftalks out and preys upm B
filly fceep. Chi}/>mar*s I.'wti*

Comp/lfment. n. f, [from compile.l
Coacervation ; the aft of piling toge-
ther ; the ad of heaping up.

1 was encouraged to allay how 1 could build a
man ; for there is a moral ai well as a natural or
artificial cmipiltmcntj and of better materials.

ff^ottm on Educaiictt*

Compi'ler. n./, [from compile,'] A col-
ledor ; one who frames a compofition
from various authors.

Some draw experiments Into titles and tables;
thofe we call comft'tUrt* Bacon's New AtalantU,

Some painful nrnpiUr, who will n:udy (i-ld lan-
guage, may inform the world that Robert carl ot
Oxford was h'-gh trcafurer. S'zvift.

Co mpla'cence.7 ff. /. [complauntiay
Compla'cency. J low Latin.]

1. Pleafure; fatisfaftion ; gratiEcatioiu

1 by converiing cannot chelc cre^l
From prone, nor in their ways complacence find.

Ki'iltcru

When the fuprcme faculties move regularly, tlie
inferior afieilions following, there arifes a fcrcnity
and complacency upon the whole foul. South.

Dlfealcs extremely lelTen the complacence we have
in all the good things of this life, j^tterh. Sermona,

Others proclaim the infirmities of a great man
with fatisfaction and complacency y if they dtfcover
none of the like in themfeives. Addifons SptBator*

2. The caufe of pleafure ; joy,

O thou, in hcav'n ami earth the only peace
Found out for mankind under wrath ! O thou.
My fole complacence f Milton i Paraiiifc Lcji,

3. Civility ; complaifance ; foftnefs of

manners.

They were not fatisfied with their go\'emnur,
and apprehcnfive of his rudenef;* and want of com-
pUcer.cy, QLrenHor}.

His great humanity appeared in the bencvolcnci;
of his afpcdl, the amplauncy of his behaviour, and
the tone of his vt)ice, AJJ'tJoti'i Freeholder*

Complacency and truth, and manly fwectneft.
Dwell ever on his tongue, and fmooth his thoughts.

Md'ijot!.

With mean complacence ne'er betray your trult,
Nor be fo civil as to prove unjuiK Fcpe.

COMPLA'CENT.«<^\ [complacrns, Lat.]

Civil ; aftable ; foft ; complatfant.
Te COMPLA'JN. -v. n. [comfkiiu/rt, Fr.]
I . To mention with forrow or refentment ;
to murmur; to lament. With ^/'before
the caufe of forrow: fometimcs with on.

Lord Hallings,
Humbly complaimng to her deity,
Got my lord chamberlain his liberty.

Sbakefpcari' s Richard III.

I will fpealc in the angutfh of my Ipirit; 1 will

complain in tlic bitternefs of my foul. Joh, vli. i j.

bhall 1, like thee, on Fiid.iy n)^\X ccmptein P
For on that day was Cuur de Leon flain.

Piydin'i Faila.
Do not all men complain, even ihcle as wcil as
odiers, o/'the great ignorance of maiikind f

Bidina'iPnfaii lo 'Ihctrj cf Earth.

COM

Thus acturs'd.
In rtiidft of water 1 compleut of i liirft. Dryitn.

2. Sometimes with /or before the caufal
noun.

Whciefoie doth a living man (««/>/«»,. a man
for the punilhment cf hii fins? Lam. iii. M.

3. To inform againft.

Now, mailer Sliallow, yno'U cemplaia ef me to
the council ? Shaktfp, M:rry Wivci of fTindfir.

Te Compi.a'i n. t;. a. [This fenft is rare,
and perhaps not very proper.] To la-
ment J to bewail.

Pale death our valiant leader hath opprels'd.
Come wtealc his lofa whom boocleli ye ctmplain,

Fairfax.
Gaufride, who couldfl fo well in ihimc rony/ojr.
The deaih of Richard, with an arro* flain.

Drydm'i Fahln.
They might the grievance inwardly nmp/ain.
But outwardly they needs mart temporize.

Pan. Ci'uH ffar^

Compla'inant. ». /. [from complain,'^
One who urges a fuit, or comracnccj
a profecutiou, againft another.

Congreve and this author are the mod e.>gof

coaplainanis of the difpute. Collier's Defer, r.

Compla'iner. ». /. [from complain.'\

One who complains ; a murmurer ; a

lamenter.

St. Jude obferwt, that the mucmuieis and con-
fla'mers are tlie f.:mc who fpealc fwelling words.

Government cf the Tongue ^

Philips is a complainir ; and oa tlui ucciifton I

told lord Carteret, that caapla'wert nc%ei: fuccacd at

court, though railcrs do. Sxvift^

Compla'iwt. ;;./ ^compUiiitU, French.]

I . Reprefentation ol pains or injuries ;

lamentation.

I cannot And any caufe of compJa'mt, that good
laws have fo much been wanting unto us, m wc to
them. Hjoitr'i liedica:ion.

As for me, is my complaint to man. 'Jeh, xxi. 4.
Adam fjw
Already in part though hid in gloomieft fluJe,
To forrow abandon'd, l«it worft fclc within.
And in a troubled fea of pailion tofc*d.
Thus to diiburthen fought with fad canpta'mt. Milt,

z. The caufe or fubjeft of complaint ;
grief.

The poverty of the clergy in England hath been
the complaint of all who wifti well to the church.

Sfvifi,
3. A malady ; a difeafc.

One, in a complaint u{ his bowels, was let blood
till he had ftarcc any left, and was pcrfcftly cured.

Arhutbnot.

^. RemonHrance againft ; information a-
gainft.

Full of vexation, comr I.with (tmplenit
Againft my child. Skak. Midjum. Night' 1 Dream.

In evil llrait this day 1 ftand
Before my judge, either to undergo
M) felf the total crime, or to tccufu
M\ other felf, the partner of my lifcj
V» hofe falling, while her faith to me remains,
I Ihould conceal, and not expofe to blame
By my complaint \ but ftrift necclTity
Subdues nie, and calamitous conftr.»iut. Milton.

Againll the goddefs thcfe complaint: he made.

Viyilcn'i Mniid.

CoMPL aisa'nce. n.f. [cotnplaifame, Fr.]
Civility i defire of pleafmg ; ad of adu>
lation.

Her death is but in complaijance to her. Oryden.
Vou muft alio be induiiriuus to difcovcr the opi-
nion of your enemies ; for you may be aHured,
that they will give you no quarter, and allow no>
thing to (cmpiaifanee. Dryden't Dufrejnoj,

Fair Venus wept the fad difallsr
Of having loft her fav*rlte dove:
In complaifance poor Cupid mourn'd j
His grief rclicv'd his mother's pain. Tr'nr,

COMPL.'U-

t O M

COMPLAISA'NT. ailj. \complaiJkni,Yt.-\^
Civil ; defirous to pleafe.

There are to whom my latirc fecms too bold j
Scarce ro wile Peter iw/-/(if/J7// enou^,
And fomething faiiof Chatttu mucfrtoo rough.

Fopc.

Complaisa'ktly. ad-a. [from comf/ai-
Jant.] CivilJy ; with defire to plcafe ;
ceremonioufly.

In plenty llarving, tantalized in ftate*

And crjmj>kifar.ily hdf'i to all 1 hate;

Treated, carefs'S, and trr'd, I take my leave. Pcpc.
Oomplaisa'ktness. a.f. [fcatacmnplai-

faat.] CiviUiy ; compliance. D:c7.

Ta Compla'n ATE. Iz). a. [from planus,
S"o Compla'ni. jLat.] To level ; to

reduce to a fiat and even Airface.

The vertebrae of the neck and back-bone are
made Ihort and cdmpianatedf ana firmly braced with
mufclcs. Derham.

Comple'at, See complete.
Co'm plemert. n.f. [complanentutn, La-
tin.]
I. Perfeflion ; fulnefs ; completion ; cora-
pletement.

Our cuHnm is both to place it in the t'ront of
«ur pra} en as a guide, and to add it in the end of
fome principal limbs or parts, as a campUment
which fully pet/e£leth M'hatiaevcr may be defe^ive
In the reft. . Uooktr,

They as they feaited had their fill,
For a full CMplemnt of all their ill. Hubia-d's Tale.
For a cmfianent of thefe blcBings, they were
enjoyed by the protcftion of a king of the moft
harmlefs difpolition, the moll exemplary piety, the
greatctl fobriety, challity, and mercy. . Claundtm.
The fenfible natu re, in its e^ptjtUment and integ-
rity, hath five exterior powers or faculties.

fiiile'l Origin af Mankinii.

3. Complete (et ; complete provifion ; the
full quantity or nomber.

The god of love himleU inhabits there,
V/ith all his rage, and dread, and grief, and care;
His cffmpUmint of ftorcs, and total war. Pnor,

3. Adfcuitious circumftances ; appenda-
ges ; parts not neceffary, but ornamen-
tal : whence ceremony wa.s called commit-
ment, now corrupted to ctmpliment.

If the cafe permittcth not baptifm to have the
4lecent complements of baptifm, better it were to en-
joy the body without his furniture, than to wait for
this, till the opportunity at that, for which we de-
fire it, be loft. Hosier,

Thefe, which have l«(Hy fprung up, for crnnple-
mtnli, rites, and^remonies of church .afiion;,
are, in truth, for the grcateil part, fuch fiily
things, that very cafinefs doth make them hard to
be difputcd of in ferio'js manner. Uacker,

A doleful cafe dcfitu a doleful fong.
Without vain art or curious cotnfUrncnts, Spenftr,

Garniih'd .ind deck'd in models commitment,
Dot working with ttic ear, but with the eye. Shdt.

4. [In geometry.] What remains of a
quadrant of a circle, or of ninety de-
grees, after any certain arch hath been
retrenched from it.

5. [In aftronomy. ] The dillance of a
ftar from the zenith.

6. Complement of the curtain, in forti-
fication, that part in the interiour fide
of it which makes the demigorge.

7 . Arithmetical Complement of a Loga-
rithm, is what the logarithm wants of
I0,000>000. Chambers.

COMPLE'TE. adj. [compUtus, Latin.]
I . Perfeft ; full ; having no deficiencies.

With us the reading of fcriptnre is a part cf our
thorch liturgy, a fpctial potlioa ui tlie l«yicc

Vol, L

COM

which we do to Cod ; and not an exercife to fpend
the time, when one doth wait for another coming,
till the afli;mbly of them that fliall afterwards
worfliip him be t<w/>/iT<. Hoohr.

AnJ ye are nmp/ite in him which is the hc^d
of all principality and power. CoUjJi^ins, ii. ic.

Th-i-n marvel not, thou great and i-omy/erc man.
That all the Creeks iiegin t'l worftip Ajax. Shji.

2. Comph'ie, having no degrees, cannot
properly admit mori and ma/l.

If any Uifpoiition Ihould appear towards (o good
a work, .the aflillance of t-lie legiflative power would
be necPlTary to make it tnrc c.mfilere, . tSiolft.

3. Finilhed ; ended ; concluded.

Thii courfe of vanity almort roff^^A^rf,
Tir'd in the ftold of life, I hope retreat. Prior.
To Comple'i e. f. a. [from the noun.j
Toperfedl; to finilh.

Mr. Sanderfou was conrp/etcd midtr of art:.

tTa/ion.

Bred only and completed to the tafte

Of luftfut appetence. Mi/ion.

To town he comes, c^irphici ths nation's hope,

Aiid lieads the bold trained -band i, and burns a pope.

Pife. •

Com^ple'tbly. ad-v. [fvom complete. '\
Fully; perfeSly.

Then tell us, how you can your bodies roll
TJirough fpace, of matter fo campltitly full .'

Btacimivc.
Whatever perfon would afpire to be comp.ftely
witty, fmart, humorous, and pofite, muft be able to
retain in his memory every tingle fentcncc con-
tained in this work. S^wift.

Comple'tement. n.f. [from ««//<■«-
«rt/t/, French.] The acl of completing.

Allow me to give you, from the bcft authors, the
origin, the antiquity, the growth, the change, and
the ctmpletcmeni of fatire among the Romans.

Dryden^t Dedication' to JwvenaL

Comple'teness. n.f. [from co>npkte.~\
PerfeAion ; the fiate of being com-
plete,

1 cannot allow their wifdom fnch a «m^/r/(m^i

and inerrabiiity as to exclude myl'elf. PC, Charles.

Thefe parts go to make up the campteteneU of any

fubjea. Wails'iLogick.

Comple'tion. n.f. [frora complete. ^

1. Accomplifhment; aftef fulfilling ; ftate
of being fulfilled.

There was a full entire harm'iny and confent of
all tlie divine predidliont, receiving their complciii,n
in Chrift. South.

2. Utmoft height ; perfect ftate. |

He makes it the utmoll eomplcticn of an ill cha-
rafter to bear a malevolence to the bell men. Ptpi.
CO'MPLEX. ladj. [comphxus, Latin.]
Complb'xed.j Compoiite ; of many
parts ; not Ample ; including many par-
ticulars.

To exprefs ccrupicx.'d fignifications, they took a
liberty to compound and piece together creatures of
allowable forms into mixtures incxiftcnt. Brirwn.

Ideas made up of feveral Ample ones, I call com-
plex; fuch as beauty, gratitude, a man, the uni-
verfe; which, though complicated of various fim-
ple ideas, ot eom/JfX ideis made up of fimpie ones,
yet are c^nfl■icrt■d each by itfelf a^ one. Locke.

A fccond.iry elfenti:*.! mode, called a property,
(bmetime-. goes toward making up the eflence of
a caKflex being. 1Vj:ti.

With fuch perfe^lion-iVam'd
Is this complex ftupcndous fclicnir of thing),

Tb^mfoni Spring.

Co'mplex. n.f. [ from the aajedive. ]'
Complication ; collc^ion.

This parable of tlic wedding luppf^r compreliendb
in it the vehuic coriflcx of all tiie blellingb and pri-
vileges exhibited Ly th« gofpel. South't Sermons.

Comple'xedness. n.f. [from complex.]
Complication ; involution of many par-

COM

tlcular parts in one integral ; contra-
riety to fimplicity ; compound ftate or
nature.

From the ccmfi/exedaefs of thefe moral idfas,
there follows another inci>nvenicncc, that the rood
cannot eafily retain thole pvecilc combinations*

hocie.

Comple'xion. tt. f. [cnjrtplc.xij), Lar.m.']

1 . The inclofure or involution of one thing
in another.

Thr.u'jh the terms of propofitions may be com-
plex, yet where the compofition of the argument
is pliin, fimpk, jud regular, it ii prppfrly called »
iimple fyllogilin, fmce the cmit^lexhn does not. be-
long to the fjlbgidick foim of it. H'.iiti,

2. The colour of the external parts of any
body.

Men judge by the ccfnpkx'un of the &y
The ftate anJ inclination of the day.

Shahj}tare's JUcBat-dU,

What fee you in thofe papers, that you lofe
So m 1 1 ch complexion ? Shakeffearc' s Htiuy V.

He fo takes on yonder, fo rails againft all mar-
ried mankind, fo cujfes«ill Eve's daughters, of what
CLmplrxion fcever. Shakefpeart.

Why doth not beauty then refine the wit,
And good complexion reftify the will ? Djvies.

Njcenefs, though it renders them inlignilicant to
great purpofes, yet it polilhes their complexion, and
makes their fpirits ftem more vigorous.

Collier on Pride.

U I write on a blacb man, 1 run over all the
eminent perlbns of that complexhr. Addijon's SptH,

3. The temperature of the body, accord-
ing to the various proportions of the four
medical humours.

'Tis ill, though different your comphxioni Site,
The family of hcav'n for men ihauld war.

Drydens Fahies.
For from all tempers he could fcrvicc draw ;
The worth of each, with its allay, he knew;
And, as the confident oi nature^ faw
How lb.' complexions did divide and brew. Drydcn.
The methods of providence, men of this com-
plexion muft be unfit for the contemplation of.

Burnet's Theory of the Earth,
Let melancholy rule fupieme,
Choler prclidc, or blood, or phlegm.
It makes no dift"'rence in tlie cafe.
Nor is complexion honour's place. Swift.

ComPle'xional. adj. [from complexion . 1
Depending on the complexion or tem-
perament of the body.

Men and other animals receive; d'tliiitent tiic-
fures from «m/>/«icHij/ efllorefcencies, and.defcend
rtill lower as they partake of the fuliginous and de-
nigrating humours, ftrozun.
Ignorance, where it proceeds, from early pr ipm-
pjexional prejudices, wiU not wh'jily exclude from
favour of God. Fiddeiif

Compli.'xionallv. adv. [from cfni.
pUxion,] Ky complexion.

An Ind. an king lent unto Alexander a fair wo-
man, fed with poilnns, ^i;her by convetle 01 co-
puta:ion {^tnplcxicr.ally to deftroy him.

. BroiLu'i Vulgar f.rrouti,

CoMPLE'xLy, adv. [from complex. 1 fn
a complex manner ; not fimply.

Comple'xness, n, f. [from comflex.'\
The Hate of being complex.

CoMPi. e'xure. n.f. [from complex.'] The
involution or complication of one thing
with ethers. ■

Compli'ance. n.f [from comply.']

I. The aifl of yielding to any defire or
demand ; accord ; fubmiffion.

I am far from exculing that compliance, for ple-
nary confcot it was not, to hit delUu£lJon.

King Chorlct.
3 .\ We

COM

Wc ut free from any necef^ary dtterminatio* of
our w.ll to any partitubt iflion, and from a nc-
ceiiary tmfliance with our defire, f« upon any
particular, and then appearing preferable, g'lod.

Let the king meet ccmfriumi in your looks,
A free and ready yitlding tn his wiflits. Rvtvc.

Tho adions to which the world folicits our ctm-
*/iaiirt, are fins, v«bich forfeit eternal expeflations.

What cemfliamn will remove dilTenfion, while
the liberty continues of profefling what new opi-
nions we pleafe ? Siui/V.

t. A difpofition to yield to others ; com-

plaifance.

He was a man of few words, and of great cum-
fCMiice; and ufually delivered that as h-s opinion,
which he forefaw would be grateful to the king.

ClarcTtHon,

Gompli'ant. adj. [from comply.']
X. Yielding; bendir.g.

The ciKfliant boughs
Yielded them. ' • , Millfn't ParaJifi L'fi.

2. Civil; complaifant. V
.5c CO'MPLICATE. v. a. [comJ>Iico, La-
tin.]
I . To entangle one with another ; to join ;
to involve mutually.

Tho'igh 'the particular aftions of war are ma-

' phcaii in U&, yet they are feparate and diftinct in

right. Bacon.

In cafe our offence againft GoJ hath been low-
flicated with injury to mtn, we ihuuld make ref-
rituti9n. TiUoiJin.

When the difeafe is compricatfJ with other Jif-
eafes, one inuft confider that which is moft dan

gerous.

jirlwthmt on Diet.

There are a multitude of human actions, which
have fo many com/ilicaUii circumflances, alpsch,
and fituations, with regard to time and place, per-
fons and things, that it is iropoflible for any one
to pefs » right judgment concerning them, with-
out entering into moft of thefe circumftances.

a. Tg-Tinite by involation of parts one in
another.

Commotion in the parts may make them apply

thcmfelvtis one to another, or ccmplUaU anj dilpofe

them after the manner requifite to make them (lick.

Ball's Hiflcry cf Firm7:efs.

J. To form by complication ; to form by
the union of feveral parts into one in-
tegral.

Dreadful was the din
Of hiCing theottgh the hall ! thick fwarming now
With comflicaied monfters, head and tail.

Milton's ParaJifc Loji.

A man, an army, the unircrfe, arc complicated oi

various Ample ideas, or complex ideas oiiidc up of

frmple ones. Locke.

Co'mplicate. eitfj. [from the veib.]
Compounded of a multiplicity of parts.

What pleafure would felicitate his fpirit, if he

cnuld grafp all in a furvey, as a painter runs o/er

a ctmflicale piece wrought by. Titian or Raphael.

H^aitt on the Mii:d.

Co'MPtlCATENESS. fl. /. [ftOmcompli-

ecte.l The Hate of being complicated ;
intricacy ; perplexity.

There is great variety cf intelligiblcs in the
world, fo much objeded to eur fenli:s, and every
fevjcral objedl is full of fiibdividcd rnultiplicity and
ccmfliciiicnifs, Ualt't Origin of M.mkind.

Complica'tion. n. /. [from. complicate. '\
I. The aft of involving one thing in an-
other.
'I'he Hate of being involved one in. an-

other.

All our grievances ore either of body or of mind,
m in comp/icaticnt uf btjtl>< I. Fjlrangr.

COM

The notions of aconfufcil knowledge art always
full of perplexity and ecmplicati'.ni, and feldom in
order. ff^iltini.

J. The integral confiding of many things
involved, perplexed, and united.

By admitting a amflicaiien of ideas, and taking
too m.iny things at once into oue ijucllion, the mind
is dazztid and bewildered. }Vatiii Lcgick.

Co'mplice. n.f. [Fr. from complex, an
alTociate, low Lat.] One who is united
with others in an ill defign ; an affo-
ciate ; a confederate ; an accomplice.

To arms, viftorious noble father.
To quell the rebels and their cemflices.

Shaktffare'tVenry VI.

yuliice was afterwards dnr.c upon the offenders,
the prii:cipal being hanged and quartered in Smith-
field i and divers of his chief complices executed in
divers.parts of the realm. Hajivard.

The marquis prevailed with the king, that he
might only turn his brother out of the garrifon,
a:ter jurtice was done upon his corr:pUces. Clarendon.

Co,viPLi'iiR. n.f. [from (■Off;//)'.] A man
ot an eafy temper ; a man of ready
compliance,
buppol'e a hundred new employments were ereft-

e i on purpofe :o gratify complicri, an infupportable
dLtfieulty would remain. S%ui/t.

CO'MPLIMENT. «./ [compl'ment. Fr.]
An adl or expreflion of civility, ufually
underftood to include fome hypocrify,
and to mean lefs than it declares : this
is properly complement, fomething fuger-
'fluous, or more than enough.

He obferved lew complinunts in matter of arms,
but fuch as proud anger did indite to him. Sidney.

My fervant, Sir .' 'Twas never merry world
Since lowly feigning was call'd comflmint :
Y' are fervant to the duke Orfmo, youth. Sbak.

One whom the mulickof his own vain tongue
Doth raviHi, like enchanting harmony :
A man of compHmcnts, whom right and wrong
Have chofe as unipiie of their meeting. Sbakeff.

What honour that,
But tedious wafte of time, to fit and hear
So many \\o\\ow compliments and lyes,
Outlandilh riattcrics ? Miltcn'sParadifeRl^ained.

Virtue, religion, heaven, and eternal happincfs,
are not trifles to be given up in a copifiiment, or la-
crificed to a jeft. Rogers.

To Co'mpliment.^'. a. [from the noun.]
To footh with adls or exprefiions of re-
fpe£l ; to flatter ; to praife.

It was not to compliment a Ibciety, fo much above
flattery, and the regardlefs air of comipon ap-
plaiifes. Gianvilte.

Monaichs (hould their inward foul difguifc,
Dilicmble and command, be falfc and wile ;
By igiiominous arts, for I'erviie ends,
Should compliment their foes, and ftiun their friend.:.

Fri^r.

The watchman gave fo very great a thump at
my door, that I awaked, and heard myfelf «w^/i-
nicnted W\\.\\ the ul'ual faiutation. 'Matter.

To Co'm p l I m e n t . ij. «. To ufe ceremo-
nious or adulatory language.

I make the interlocutors upon occalion compli-
ment with one another. Boyle.

She comflinrtnts Menelaus very handfomely, and
fays he wanted no accomplilhment either of mind
or body. Pope.

CoMP L 1 M e'n.tal. adj.[(rom. compliment.']
Exprcffive of refpett or civility ; imply-
ing compliments.

1 come 10 fpeak with Paris from the prince
Troilus : I will make a contplimenlei' alfault uppn
him., Shakejprare's Troilus and Crejfidj.

Languages, for the moil part, in terms of art and,
erudition, retain their original poverty, and rather
grow rich and abundant in compHmmtal phrafes,
and fuch fruthi tVetton,

COM

This falfehood of Ulyffet is intlrely cmprimeiitai
and flficious. Bromttw

Complime'ntally. ad-v. [from compli-
ment al.] In the nature of a compli-
ment ; civilly ; with artful or falfe ci-
vility.

This fpeech has been condemned as avariciooji
Eurtathius judges it fpoken artfully and eemplimen-
tally. Broome.

Complime'kter. v./. [from compliment. '\
One given to compliments ; a flatterer.

Co'm P LINE. n.f. [^compline, ft. completi.,
num, low Lat.] The laft a£l of worfhip
at night, by which the fervice of the day
is completed.

At morn and eve, bcfides their anthems fwect,
Their peny raaffes, and their complin's meet.

HuUerd-s Tale.

If a man were but of a day's life, it is well if

he lafts till even fong, and then fays his c>mf,line

an hour before the time. Taylor's U'ly Lifirg.

To Complo're. -v. n. [comploro, Lat.] To

make lamentation together.
COMPLO'T. n. /. [Fr. from completum,
for complexum, low Latin. Menage.] A
confederacy in fome fecret crime ; a
plot ; a confpiracy.

I cannot, my life, my brother, like but .veil
The purpofe of the comj-lot which ye tell.

htiefirrd's Tall,
I know their complot is to have my life.

Sl-atefprare's Henry VI,

To Complo't. <v. a. [from the noun.]
To form a plot ; to conlpire ; to join
in any fecret defign, generally crimi-
nal.

Nor ever by advifed purpofe meet
To plot, contrive, oi compkt »ny ill.

Shakefpeari' s RichardW,
A few lines after, we find them completing to-
gether, and contriving a new Icene of miferies to
the Trojans. Pope.

Complo'tter. n./. [from complot.] A
confpirator ; one joined in a plot.

Jocafta too, no longer now my (liter,
Is found comphtter in the horrid deed.

Dry den anJ Lee's Oedipus.
To COMPLY', v. n. {^Skinner derives it
from the French complairc ; but proba-
bly it comes from compiler, to bend to.
Plier is ftill in ufe.] To yield to; to
be obfequious to ; to accord with ; to
fuit with. It has luith before as well
perfons as things.

The rifing fun complies wttb our weak fight,
Firft gilds the clouds, then ihews his globe of light.

IVaUer.

They did fervllcly comply laith the people in wor-

ihipping God by fenfible images and reprefentations.

Tillotfon,

The truth of things will not comply luith ourcon-

ccit>, and bend itfelf to our intcrclt. Ti/lot/o^..

Remember I am (he who fav'd your life.
Your loving, lawful, aai complying vi\{e. Dryden^

He made his wi/h •wilk his cllate comply ;
Joyful to live, yet not afraid to die. Prior*

Com po'n E NT. aajf. [componem, Lat,] That
which conftitutcsa compound body.

The b;gncfs,of xhe compoi/ent parts of natural bpr
dies may be conjcfturcd by ilicir colours.

Neivton'f Optich.,

To COMPCRT. -j.n. [comporter, French,
from />«»7o, Latin.] To agree ; to fuit.:
followed by itHth.

Some piety "s not good there, fome vain difport
Ofi this fi4e fin, ivitB that place may comport.

Donnt,
\ S«cb does not comport leitb the nature of time.

Uilder.,

COM

It is not every man's talent to didinguiHi aright
how far our prudence may warrant our charity,
and how far our charity may comjfurt with our pru-
dence. L'EJh-ung!.

Children, in thij things they Jo, if they eemfon
virh their age, fina iittle difference, in they may
be doing. Locki.

TcCompo'rt. -v, a.

1. To bear ; to endure. This is a Gallick
fignification, not adopted among us.

The malecon tented fort,
That never can the prcfeat ilate comport j
But would as often change as they change will.

Oankl.

2. To behave ; to carr)' : with the reci-
procal pronoun.

At years of difcretion, and comport yourf^If at
this rantipole rate ! Congrtve^s }Vay of ibt World.

Compo'rt. n. f. [from the verb.] Beha-
viour ; conduct ; manner of adliiig and
looking.

I (hall account concerning the rules and man-
ners of deportment in the receiving, our comport
and converfation in and after it.

Tttykr's Worthy Communicant.
I know them well, and mark'd their rude comprrt \
In times of tempeft they command alone.
And he but fits precarious on the throne.

Drydcv'l Fahlci.

Compo'rt ABLE. aiij. [from comfort. "l
Confiftent ; not contradidlory.

We caft the rules and cautions of this art into
fome iomportabU method. Wotson^i Arcb'iteSJure.

Compo'rtance. n. f. [from comport.'\
Behavionr; gefture of ceremony.

Goodly ccmportance each to other bear.
And entertain themfclves with cuurt'fursmeet.

Fairy S^uten.
Compo'rtment. n. f. [from comport.'\
Behaviour ; praftice.

The will o! God is like a ftraight unalterable
rule or line ; but the various romporrmcim of the
creature, either thwarting this lule, or holding
conformity to it, occafion fcvctal habitudes of this
rule. JIaie.

By her fcrious and devout coirporlmeitl on thcfe
folemo occations. Hie gives an example that is very
often too much wanted. AriUJ'on's freeholder.

To COMPO'SE. 'V. a. [compo/er, Fr. com
pono, Latin.]

1. To form a mafs hy joining different
things together.

Zeal oui;ln to be ccmftfed of the highcft degrees
of all pious at^Vdtions. ' Spr^iti.

2. To place any thing in its proper Ibrm
and method.

!■. ap acitul ^r?ve my corps dw/o/r. Dryd. Ain.

How doth the fia exactly com^.'fe itfclf to a .cvcl
fupcrficici, and with ihi earth make up one fphc-
rical roundnefs. Ruy.

3. To difpofe ; to put in the proper (late
for any purpole.

The whole army fee med well cimp'JcJ to obtain
that by their fwords, which thty couid not by
lliclt fen. tbrcrdufi,

4. To put together a difcourfe or fcntence ;
to write as an author.

Words f» p'.cafing to Cod, as thofe which the
Son of C d himkll hath cempiftj, were not pofli-
ble for men to frame. Hooter.

The grejtcft conqueror in this nation, after tlie
manner of the old CJrcJjn Ljricks, did not only
co>rpi,Jt the wor^^ nf ]v; divine odes, but generally
fet ttiim to muliik himfiif. Md-.fn.

5 . To coiillitute by being parts of a whole.

Nor did llrael 'fcipe
Th" infeftion, when their bjimw'd g'»ld compoi'd
1 he calf in Orth. Mi/ton'> Paradije l.'.ji.

A f-w ufcfu! things, confounded w.th many tri-
fles, fill their memories, and CMpojt tlieJr intdl( c.
tual pofiefliins. Wans,

COM

6. To calm ; to quiet.

He would undertake the journey with htm, by
which all his fears would be ccmpofH. Clarendon.
You, that had taught tliem to fubdue their foes,
Could erder teach, and their high fpVits ccmpofe.

Waller.
Compofe thy mind;
Nor frauds are here contrived, nor force defign'd.

Drjdeii.

He, having a full command over the wacei, had

power to ftill and compofe it, as well as to move

and dillurb it. Wood^vard.

Yet, to ctmpofe this midnight uuife.
Go freely fearch where'er you plcaf-. Prior.

7. To adjuft the mind to any bufinefs, by
freeing it from dillurbance.

The mind, being thus dilquieted, may not be
able eafily to ojmpoje and fettle itfelf to prayer.

Duppa"! Rules for Dcvoti'^n.

We befcech thee to compoje her thoughts, and
prcferve her reafon during iicr iickneis. S'ivift,

8. To adjull ; to fettle : as, to compofe a
difference.

9. [With printers.] To arrange the let-
ters ; to put the letters in order in the
compofing ftick.

10. [In mulick.] To form a tune from
the different mufical notes.

CoMPo'sED. participial adj. [from ccfit-
po/e."] Calm; ferious ; even; fedate.

In bpajn there is fomcthiiig iViil more fcrious
and comptjed in the manner of the inhabitants.

Addifon on Italy.
The Mantuan there in fnber triumph late,
Compos'd his pollute, and his look ledate. Pope.
CoMPo'sEDLV. adv. [from compo/ed.l,
Calmly ; ferioully ; fedately.

A man was walking before the door very cww-
pofedly without a hat. One crying, Here is the
f.llow that killed the duke; every body alked,
which is he ? The man without the hit very com-
pofidly anIwcrcJ, 1 am he. Clarendon.

CoMPo'sEDNESs. n. /. [from compo/ed.']
Sedatenefs ; calmnefs ; tranquillity.

He that will think to any purpole, mult have
fixcdnels and tompojedneji of humour, as well as
fmartnefs of parti. Notni.

CoMPo'sER. It. /, {from compofe. '\

1 . An author ; a writer.

Now will be the right feafbn of forming them ta
be able writers and ampofen in every excellent
matter. Milton.

If the thoughts of fuch authors have nothing in
them, they at leatl do no harm, and (hew an
honell induHry, and a good intention in the com-
; Jcr, MdiJ'.n'l Frecho/Ja.

2. He that adapts the mufick to words ;
he that forms a tune.

For the troth of the theory I am in no wife con-
cerned, the ionif'ofcr of it mult look to that. Woediv.

For compolition, 1 prefer next Ludovico, a moil
judicious and fweet compojcr. Pcacham on Miijiik.

Tlie coir.p'jjcr has lo cxprclfed my fcnfe, where
1 intended to move the paflions, that he ftems to
have been the poet as well as the ccmpofcr.

Dryden'i jilbi-jn and Albaniuif Preface.
CoMPo'siTE. adj. \compofilus, Latin.]

The iompojite order in architecture is the Lift
of the liv^ orders of columns } fo named, bccaul'e
its capital is corr.pof-d out of thof-- of the oiher
orders ; and it is alfo called the Roman and Ita-
lick order. Harris.

Some arc of opinion, that the compojite pillars of
this arch were in imitation of the pillars uf Solo-
mon's temple, Addijon.
Composi'tion. It. f, \_compcijttio, Latin.]
I. The ad of forming an integral of va-
rious diflimilar parts.

We lia\e rxact liinus oi compojitioti, whereby they
incorporate almoft as tiicy were natural fimples.

Bttcin iHiiu Atlaniii .

COM

I In the time of the Yncas reign cif Peru, ■•

eomfjition w,!s allowed by the laws to be ufcd in
point of medicine, but only fimpies proper to each
difeafe. , Temple.

2. The aft of bringing iimple ideas into
complication : oppoled vaanalyjis, Cf the
feparation of complex notions.

The inveftigation of difficult things, by the
method of analyfis, ought ever to precede the me-
thod of compofiticn. Newton's Opticit.

3. _A mafs formed by mingling diiferent
ingredients.

Heat and vivrcity, in age, is an excellent tompo-
fition for bufinefs. T^acon's E£ay>.

Vaft pillars ofilone, cal'ed o\tr viithicov.pojititn
that looks the moll like marble of any thing one
can imagine. Mdifin,

Jove raix'd up all, and his heft clay employ'd,
Then call'd the happy compoftion Floyd. Sieift,

4. The Hate of being compounded ; union ;
conjunftion ; combination.

Contemplate things lirit in their own fimple na.
turCi, and afterwards view them in compofition with
other things. Walts.

5. The arrangement of various figures in
a pifture.

'I'he difpofition in a pifture is an alTembling of
many parts j is alio called the ccmpojition, by which
is meant the diHribution and orderly placing of
things, both in general and in particular.

Dryden's Dufrefnty*

6. Written work.

Writers are divided concerning the authority of
the greater part of thofe compojitions that pafs in his
name. L'Ejirange,

That divine prayer has always been looked upon
as a compofition fit to have pr< ceeded from the wifcft
of men. Addijcn.

When I read rules of criticifm, I enquire after
the works of the author, and by that means difco*
ver what he likes in a compojltion.

Addifon's Guariiati,

7. Adjuftment ; regulation.

A preacher, in the invention of matter,^eIeflion
of words, ampo/ition of gellurc, took, pronuncia-
tion, motion, ufeth all thele faculties at once.

Ben yonfons Difcoveries,

8. Compaft ; agreement ; terms on which
differences are fettled.

To take away alffuch mutual grievances, injti-
rics, and wrongs, there was no way but only by
going upim compof.ii'jn and agreement amongft
thenil'elves. And again, all publick regiment, of
what kind foevcr, fcemeth evidently to have arifen
from deliberate advice, conlultation, and compfji^
tit,n between men, judging it convenient and be-
hoveful. Hooker,

Tluis we arc agreed j
J crave our conipofiion may be svrittcn
And fcal'd between us. Shah. Antony and C'copaf,

Their courage droops, and, hopelefs now, they
with
For coniprjition with th' unconquer'd fifh. Walter,

9. The aft of dilcharging a debt by pay-
ing part ; the fum paid.

10. Confillcncy; congruity.

There is no compofition in thefe news.
That gives tiiein credit .■

— I ndced they are difptoportion'd. Shaiejp. Oitellt,

11. [In grammar.] The joining of two
Winds together, or the prefixing a par-
ticle to another word, to augment, di-
niinini, or ch.inge its fignitication.

12. A certain method of Jen^onltration iji
m.itheinaticks, which i.s the reverfe of
the analytical method, or of rclblution.
It proceeds upon principles in thcm-
felves ftlf-eiident ; on definitions, pof-
tulates, auil axioms, and a previoudy
demonllratcd I'erles of propofuions, llep

3 A 2 by

COM

by (Ifp, till it Pives a clear knowledge
of the thing to De demonftrated. This
is called the fynthetical method) and is
u/ed by Euclid in his Elements. Harris.
Co«po'siTiVB.<j<//. [from compofe.'\ Com-
pounded ; or, having the power of com-
pounding. Dicl.
CoMPo'siTOR. tt./. [from re»/a/i.] He
that ranges and adjufts the types in
printing ; didinguifhed from the prefl'-
manj who makes the imprefiion upon
paper.
CO'MPOST. »./ [Ft. cimpofitum.'Li.i.']
A mixture of various fubftances for en-
fiching the ground ; manure.

Avoid what is to come,
And do not fpread the ttmfcfl on tlie wcrds,
To make rhem ranker. Shekejftart'i Htmlft,

We alfo have great variety oi corrfojli and foils,
for tbe making uf the earth rruitful.

B«CQn*i AttanUi.

Water young planted flirubs, amomum efpe-

' tlailjr, which you can hardly lefrcQi too often, and

it re-juires abundant aKpoft. ^■vilyn'i Ktltadar.

1'here, as his.dicxn foretold, a cait he found,

ThfC cuiied (iinfofi fotth to dung the ground.

DrydcrJ,
In >ain tlie nurding grove
leemj fair awhile, che.lili'd with follcr earth;
But when the atien toni^pjl istxhaull,
\iM native poverty again prevails. Philips.

Te CoMPo'fiT. <v, a. [frrtm the noun.] To
manure ; to enrich wich-foil.

By removing into worfe earth, er forbearing to
ttmftji the earth, water-mint curneth into iield-
niintj ami the colewort into rape.

Eicon's Natvral U'tjttry.

Ai for earth, it ei-mfcjieth itfelf ; for 1 knew a

garacn that had a field puuied upnn it, and it did

bear fruit eKvikntly. Bacon ; Niiiural H,fit,ry.

COMPO'STURE.B.^ [frOBJ «!«/«/?.] Soil ;

manure. Not iifed.

Th« earth 's a thief,
' That feeds and breeds by a compefivrt flol'n

From gen'ral excrcmfr.tsi ^eakcffcare'sTmcn.

CoMro'suRE. «./ [from cow/o/f.]
I. The aft of composing or inditing.

Their own formb are not like to be fo found, or
COmprehenfivc of the nature of the duty, as forms
of publick comfcjurt, Km^ Charles.

a. Arrangement ; combination; mixture ;
order.

Hence languages arife, when, by inftltution and
agreement, fuch a ciw?/o/i<« of letters, fuchaword,
is intende4 to fignify luch a certain thing.

BMir m Elmtiits of S fetch.
FVoon the various coir^/arfi and combinations of
thtfecorpufcles t. gether, happen all the varieties of
the bodies farmed out of them.

tf^Miward' I Natural HiJIory.

3. The form anfingfrom the difpofition of
the various parts.

In oimpiji.r; of his face,
Liv'd a fair but manly grace. Crejbaiv.

4. Frame ; "make ; temperament. '

To reel tlie flreets at no<m, and Hand the buftet
With llavci that fmcU of fwcat ; fay this becomes

him :
Kt his (vafofurt maft be rare indeed,
^\'bom thefc things cannot blenilh.

StaUJfe&re's jintony and Ckopatra.

The duke of Buckingham fprung, without any

help, by a Jc"n I of congenial comfefure, to the

Ukenefs of our late fovcrcigu and laalicr. fVotton.

5. AdjuRment.

Cud will rather look to the inward raptures of
the mind, than to {he outward form and comffun
of the body. Duff a.

J t. Compofition ; framed difcoarfe.

Dtfcourfu 00 fach occa&ons art feldoia the

COM

prnduftinns of leifure, and (hould be read with xVait
favourable allowances that are made to hafty com-
pofurtl. Atwbury.

In the eomfojum of men, remember you are a
man as well at they 5 and it is not their reafon,
but your Own, that is given to guide you.

ffjirfi <m tbt Mind.

7. Sedatcnefs ; calmnefs ; tranquillity.

To whom the virgin majcfty of Eve,
As one who loves, and fome unkindnefi meets,
With fweet auftcre f»i^»rf thus replied. Milioit.

The calmeft and fereneft hours of life, when the
paflions of nature ate all filent, and the mind en-
joys its mAft perfeQ ccmfcfure. ffatis's Lcglk.

8. Agreement ; compofition ; fettlement
of differences.

The treaty at Uxbridge gave the faired hopes of
an happy cmfojure. H'm^ Charles.

Van guard ! to right and left the front unfold,
That all may fee, who hate us, how we feelc
Peace and con-.fofurc. Mihen's FaraSJt Loft.

Things were not brought to an extremiry : there
fecms yet to be room left for a comfofurt ; here-
after there may be only for pity. D'ydcn.
Compota'tion. »./. [cemfotatio, Lat.]
the aft of drinking or tippling toge-
ther.

Secrecy to words fpoke under the rofe, only
mean, in cm:fctation, from the ancient cuftom in
fympofiack meetings, to wear chaplcts of rofes.

Bmvns Vulgar Errours%
If thou wilt prolong
Dire iomfclaticn, forthwith reafon quits
Her empire to confufion and mifrule,
And vain debates ; then twenty tongues at once
Confpirc in fenfclcfs jargon ; nought is heard
But din and various clamuur, and mad rant.

Philifs.

To COMPO'UND. "J. a. [fflm/ffOT, Latin.]

1. To mingle many ingredients together
in one mafs.

2. To form by uniting various parts.

Whofocver amfoundcti any like it, (hall be cut
oft'. Exodus XXX.

It will be difficult to evince, that nature does
nAt make decompounded bodies ; 1 mean, mingle
together fuch bodies as are already confounded of
eJemSntarj', or rather of fimple ones.

Boyle's SciflUal Clymiji.

The ideas, being each but one finglc pcrcep tioo,
are eafier got than the more complex ones ; and
therefore are not liable to the uncertainty which
attends thofe eomfounded ones. Locke.

3. To mingle in diiFerent pofltions ; to
combine.

Wc cannot have a fingle image that did not
enter through the fight ; but we have the pc-.ver
of altering and comfiunding thofe images into all
the varieties of piflurc. yiddifon'i SfiBator.

4. [In grammar.] To form one word from
two or more words.

Where it and Tigris embrace each other under
the city of Apamia, there do they agree of a joint
and comfoundcJ ntiBt, and are called Pifo-Ttgtis.
Raleigh's Hiftory of tbe fTirld.

5. To compofe by being united.

Who'd be fo mock'd with glory, as to live
But in a dream of friendship ?
To have his pomp, and all what (late comfounds,
But only painted, like his varnilhM friends !

Sbakcffcjire's Timon.

6. To adjuft a difference by fome reCeffion
from the rigour of claims.

] would to God all flrifes were well eomfounded !

Shakcffe^re.
If there be any difcord or fuits between any of
the family, they are cemfounded and appeafed.

Bacon I New Mantis.

7. To difcharge a debt by paying only
part.

Shall I, je jods ! be cries, my debts eomfound f

Gay.

COM

Tv C0MPo'uNl>. «r. «.

1. To come to terms of agreement, tr
abating fomething of the iirft demand.
It has for before the thing accepted or
remitted.

They were, at hft, glad to corn fmni for his bar*
commitment to the Tower. Clarcnikn.

Praj but forhalfthe virtues of this wife;
Comfoundfor all the reft, with longer life. Drydai.

2. To bargain in" the lump.
Here 's a fellow will help you to-morrow : can-

found with him by the year.

Stateffure's Meafurefor Meafure.

3. To come to terms, by granting fome-
thing on each fide.

Cornwall eomfounded to furnifli ten oxen after
Michaelmas for thirty pounds.

Care^v'i Survey of Ccrnv/aU.
Once more I come to know of thee, king Harry,
Jf fir thy ran'.om thou wik nnw etmpoand.
Before thy mofl allured overthrow ?

Sbaiiffeare's Henry V,'
Made all the royal ftars recant.
Com found, and take the covenant. Hudsiras.

But ufclefs all, when he dcfpairing found
Catullus then did with the winds cmfound.

Drytttn's 'JuveraK
ParacelfuS and his admirers have eomfounded
W'ith the Galeniits, and brought a mixed ule of
chymical medicines into the prefcirt pradice.

Tfpifle.

4. To determine. This is not in ufe.

We here deliver,
Subfcribed by the confuls and patricians,
Together with the feal o' th' fcnatc, what
We have ccmfoumfed on. Sbaheffeare's Ccriotanuu

Co'm POUND, adj. [from the verb.]
I. Formed out of many ingredients; not
Ample.

The ancient elcftrum had in it a 6fth of filver
to tbe gold, and made a eomfound metal, as fit for
xnoft ufcs as gold. Bacon*

Comfound fubftances in made up of two or more
fimple fubllances. Watts's Logick*

z. [In grammar.] Compofed of two or
more words ; not fimple.

Thofe who arc his greateft admirers, feem
pleafed with them as beauties ; I fpeak of his com-
/>c;j«rf epithets. Pope,

3. Compound or aggregated Floiver, in
botany, is fuch as confifts of many little
flowers, concurring together to make
up one whole one ; each of which has
its ftyle and ftamina, and adhering feed,
and are all contained within one and the
fame calyx : fuch are the fun-flower and
dandelion. Harris.

Co'mpound. »./ [from the verb.] The
mafs formed by the union of many in-
gredients.

For prefent ufe of profit, this is the rule : con-
fidcr the price of the two fimple bodies ; confider
again the dignity of the one above the «ther in
ufe ; then fee if you can make a eomfound, that
will fave more in price than it will lofe in dignity
of the ufe. Bacon's Phyfcal Remains.

As man is a eomfound and mixture uf flefh as
well as fpirlt. Soutb's Seimoni,

Love why do we one palTion call,
When 'tis a comfound of them all ;
Where hot and cold, where iharp and fweet,
In all their equipages meet? Sfvift,

CoMPo'uNDABLE. adj. [iiom compoiitid.'\

Capable of being compounded.
CoMPo'uNDER. n.f. [from7o componnd.'\
I. One who endeavours to bring parties
to terms of agreement.

Thofe foftners, fwcetners, comfounders, and ex-
pedient-mongers, who (hake their heads foftrongly.

Snuift.

i. A

COM

*. A niingler ; one wTio mixes TjoJIes.
Tc COMPREHE'ND.-z/.a. [com^rthendo .
Latin]

1. To comprife ; to include j to contain ;
to imply.

1 ( thrrc be any ot}i« commandment, it U briefly
towfrchcndcd in this faying, namely. Thou (halt
love thy neighbour as tbyfelf. -Rem. xiii. 9.

It would be ridiculous to grow old in the lludy
of every necciriry thing, in an art which cmtf^re-
hntdi fo many feveial parti. Vrydtnt Ditfrejncy.

2. To contain in the mind; to underiland ;
■ to conceive.

Rome was not better by her Horace ta-ught.
Than we are here to com^cbntd his thought.

Wdler.
'Tis unjttii, chat they who have not the Icaft no-
tion of heroic writing, /bould therefore condemn
the pleafure which others receive from it, becaufc
they cannot r«/rtrr^«r;«d it. Drytiin.

Comprehe'nsible. ai//. \_cmifrehenfible,

Fr. comprebenfibilis , Lat.]
I. Intelligible; attainable by the mind;
conceivable by the underllanding.

The horizon lc:s the bounds between the en-
lightened and dark parts of things, between what
is and what is not ^^mf'rfhcnfihU by us. hochc.

z. Poflible to be comprifed.

L'-ft this f^rt of kn'»vvltdge Ihould (ctm to any
not camprfhtnjihle by axiom, we will fet dowr. louie
heads of it* Bacan,

Comprehe'nsibly. adv. [from compre-
henfibU.'\ With great power of (ignifica-
tion or underftanding ; fignificantly ;
with great extent of I'enfe. Tillotfon
feems to have ufed comprehenjiblj for
comprehoifi'uely .

Th- wordi wifdom and righteoufnefs are com-
monly ufci very comprcbn^ly, fo as to fignify all
religion and virtue. Tilktftn.

Co mprehe'nsion. »./. [comprehenfio, La-
tin.]

1. The a£l or quality of comprifing or
containing ; inclofion.

In the Old Teftanicnt there it a clofe ctmpre-
btnjiin of the New, in the New an open difcovery
of the Old. Ih'.kcr.

Thecompnbettjisit of An idea, regards all efTcntial

modes and properties of it ; fo body, in i:s ccmpre^

bnfiai, talus in folidity, 6gare, quantity, mobility.

W../.'i'j Lcgkk.

2. Summary; epitome; comp'^ndiom ;
abftraft ; abridgment in which much is
comprifed.

If we would draw a Ihort abftrad of human
happinefs, bring together all the various ingrc-
dientsof it, and digefl them into one prefcription,
we mud at lad fix on this wife and religious apho-
rifm in my text, at the fum and cpmfrebtnjion of
all. Rogrr:.

5. Knowledge; capacity; power of the
mind to admit and contain many ideas
at once.

You give no proof of decay of your judgment,
and i<mfrtbtnji(,n of all things, within thccompafs
of aa humin underllanding. Dryden,

4. [In rhetorick.] A trope or figure, by
which the name of a whole is put for a
part, or that of a part for the whole, or
a definite number for an indefinite.

Harris.

Comp«ehe'nsive. adj. [from compri-
f,end.]

J. Having the power to comprehend or
underlland many things at once.

He muft have been a man of a mod wonderful
tTmfrihntfme nature, becaufc he has taken into the
compafi of bis Canterbury Talcs the various man-

COW

lien «ni! hmnours of th: whole Engliflinition in
his age ; not a finale charafker has efcapcd liim.
Dryiais Kii'fo, Prrfacf.
His hand unftainM, his uncorrupted hejrt.
His c^mprehenji'vc'iiz^i \ all intcrells weigh'd.
All £ura>pe fav'd, yet Britain not betray'd.

Popci Epijlfei.

2. Having the quality of comprifing much ;
compendious ; extenfive.

So diffufive, fo [oviprtkErJivCj fo catholick a
grace is charity, that whatever time is'theoppor-
tunity of any other virtue, that time is the oppor-
tunity of charity. Sprnlt'i Serxom.

Comprehe'ksively. adv. [from (om-
prehetifi'ue.'\ In acomprchenfive manner

Comprehe'nsiveness. n. f. [rrom com-
prcht7!fi've.\ The quality of including
much in a few words or narrow compafs.

Compare the beauty and ovpnhcrjinjcrjcfi of

legends on ancient coins, yi.ii.il. on ylncUnt Medal;.

To COMPRE'SS. v. a. \compieJfui, Lat.]

1. To force intt) a narrower compafs ; to
fqueeze together.

2. To embrace.

Her Neptune eyed, with bloom of beauty bicft.
And in his cave the yielding nymph ccmpiefi.

Pope's Odyjfcy.
Thcrt was'in the iHand of lo a young girlri»w-
prrjftd by a genius, who delighted to alTociate with
the mufes. Ppi,

Co'mpress. w./. [from the verb.] Bolfters
of linen, by which furgeons fuit their
bandages for any particular part or pur-
pofe. ^incy

I applied an intercrytttnt about the ankle and
upper part of the foot, and by comprcji and bandage
dreficd it up. H^ifanan.

CoMPRESsi bi'lity. ». /. [from com-
prejjsble.'\ The quality of being com
prellible ; the quality of admitting to
be brought by force into a narrower
compafs ; as air may be comprefFed,
but water can by no violence be re-
duced to lefs fpace than it naturally oc-
cupies.
Compre'ssible. adj. [from comprefs.'\
Capable of being forced into a nar-
rower compafs ; yielding to "prcfTure, fo
as that one part is brought nearer to
another.

Their being fpiral particles, accounts for the
elafticity of air ; their being fpherical particle^,
which gives free f afTage to any heterogeneous mat-
ter, accounts for air's being ccmpnJjlbU.

Cbfym^s Phikjophica/ Pr}rdp/tr.

Compre'ssiblen ESS. «. / [from CO/.; -
prejUible.'\ Capability of being prefTcd
clofe. Dia.

Com p re's SI ON. n. f. [row/r^^a, Latin.]
The aft of bringing the parts of any
body more near to each other by vio-
lence ; the quality of admitting fuch an
effort of force as may compel the body
comprefled into a narrower fpace.

Whenever a folid body is prc(Ted, there is an
inward tumult in the parts, fceking to deliver
themfclves from the cotnprtjju/n ; and this is the
caufe of all violent motion. Bmon.

The powder in (hot, being dilated into fuch a
flame ascndureth not citnpreffion, moveth in round,
the flame being in the nature of a liquid body,
fometlmes recoiling. Bacm.

Te^rs are the cffcfts of the comprfjjlan of the
moillure of the brain, upon dilatation of the fpi-
rits. Baton'! Natural Ilijltry.

Merry Michael, the Cornifl) poet, piped this
upon his oaten pipe for merry England, but with
a mocking ctmpr^tH hi Normancfy. Camd, Rim.

He that fliall find out an hypofhefis, T»y wTiIt*
water may be fo rare, and yet not'bc capable of
comprc^.an by force, may doubclcii, by the fame
lu-pottiefis, make gold and water, and all other bft-
dies, as much rarer as he pleafcs ; fo that light
may And a ready palfage through traefpttrent i\ii»-
ftances. Knunn.

Compre'ssure. n. f. [from comfin/s.]
The aft or force of one body preffing
againft another.

We tried whether heat would, notwithftanding
fo forcible a comprtjfurt, dilate ir,

BoyWs Spring of the A'tr^
To CoMPRi'tJT. v. It. \comprimere, Lat.]
To priirt together ; It is commonly taken, in
law, for the deceitful printing of anotlier's copy,
" or b:iok, to the prejudice of the rightful proprie-
tor. Phillips's mrld of IVords.
To CoMPRi'sE. v. a. \_compreiidre, compris,
French.] To contain; to comprehend ;
to include.

Neceffity of fliortnefs caufeth men to cut off
impertinent difcourfes, and to compr'ijt much mat-
ter in few words. Hooker.
Do they not, under doSrine, comprehend the
fame that we intend by matters of faith ? Do not
they, under difcipline, comprijc the regimen of the
church ? Hooter.

*Tis the polluted love that multiplies ;
But friendlhip does two fouls in ohe comprip,

Rojcommcn.

CoMPROB a'tion. »./. \_comproBo, Lat.]
Proof; atteftation.

That is only elleemcd a legal teftimony, which
receives comprohaiioti from the mouths of at lead
two witneifes. Broiun.

CO'MPROMISE. n.f. \compromiJ[um, La-
tin.]
I. Compromi/e is a mutual promife of two
or more parties at difference, to refer
the ending of their controvcrfies to the
arbitrement or equity of one or more
arbitrators. Co-well.

z. A compaft or bargain, in which fome
conceffions are made on each fide.
Wars have not wafted it, for warr'd he hath
not ;
But bafely yielded, upon compronifi.
That which his anceilors atchicv'd with blows.

!>bakejpeare's Riihard II.

To Co'mpromise. v. a. [irom the noun.]

1. To compound ; to adjult a compaft by
mutual conwffions: as,/^^jicorapromifed
the affair at a middle rate.

2. In Shakefpeare it means, unufually, to
accord ; to agree.

Laban and Inmfelf were ctmpromls'd,
That all the yearlings, which were ftreak'd and pied,
Should fall as Jacob's hire.

Shakefpearr's Mtrehatit of Venlet,
Comi'ro.misso'rial. adj. [ from compro-
mi/e.'] Relating to a compromife.
Comprovi'nci AL. V. /. [from con and
provincial.'] Belonging to the fame pro-
vince..

At the confecration of an archbilhop, all his ron-
provincials ought to give their attendance.

jiyliffe's Parergon,
COMPT. »./ [compte, Fr. computus, Lat.}
Account ; computation ; reckoning.

Your fcrvants ever
Have theirs, themfclves, and what is their;, in

comptf
To make their audit at your highncfs' pleafure.
Still to return your own. Sbukeff. K,ng Jiln,

To CoMPT. V. a. [compter, French.] To
compute ; to number. We now ufe T»
Count, whicli fee,

Co'mptidue.

COM

Co'mptiblk. adj. [from <•»»»//.] Ac-
countable ; refponfible ; ready to give
account; fubjefl ; fubmiffive.

Good beauties,. let m- fuftain my fcorn ; I am
very csmfliltt even to the lejft finiftcr ufage.

To COMPTRO'LL. v. a. [This word is
written by fome authors, who did not
attend to the etymology, for controll ;
and fome of its derivatives are written
in the fame manner.] To controll ; to
overrule ; to oppofe.
Comptro'ller. n. f. [from comptroll.\
Direftor ; fupervifor ; fuperior intend-
ant ; governour.

This night he makes a fupper, and a great one,
To many lords and ladies :
I was fpoke to, with Sir Henry Guildford,
This night to be cimptnlltn. Shak. Henry VIII.

The comptrotlert of" vulgar opinions pretend tu
find out fuch a fimilitude in fome kind of ba-
boons. Ttmfle,

My fates permit me not from hence to fly ;
Nor he, the great comptroller of the (ky.

DryJen't j^lrteiJ*

Comptro'llf.rship. v./. [from «/«/-
trollfr.'] Superintendance.

llic gayle for ftanncry-caufes is annexed to the
cotnptrolUrJh'ipt Careiu^s Survey ofCornivall.

CoMPu'LSATiVEr.Y. ad'v. [from compul-
fatory.'\ With force ; by conftraint.

Clarijfa.

CoMPu'tSAtORY. adj. [from compulfor,
Lat.] Having the force of compelling;
coaftive.

Which is no other,
But to recover from us by ftrong hand,
And terms compulfalory, thoi'c fiirefaiJ lands
So by his father loft. Shairfpeare's Hamlet,

Cimpu'lsion. n. /. [compuljio, Latin.]

1. The a£l of compelling to fomething ;
force ; violence of the agent.

If rcafonswereas plenty as blackberries, I would
give no man a rcafon on c&m^ulfion,

Sbakefptitrc'i Henry IV.
Thoughts, whither have ye led me ? with that
fweet
Coapuljioii thustranfported ! Miltin'i Purad. Ltjl.

Such fwect ccmpuljian doth in mufick lie,
To lull the daughters of ncceflity. Mili'yn.

2. The (late of being compelled ; violence
• fttifered.

Coi>:pulfiott is in an agent capable of volition,
when the beginning or continuation of any aftion
is contrary to the preference of his mind. Lucke.

When the fierce foe hung on our broken rear.
With what compulficn and laborious flight
Wo funk thus low I Milton's Paraitife LoJI.

This faculty is free from compulfion, ^nd fo fpon-
taneous. and free from determination by the parti-
cular nbjcil. Hate.
Foflibly there v/ere others who aflilted Harold,
partly out of fear and am/>ay//"tn.

Hale on Cimmon haio.
CoMPu'l-SIVE. adj. [fTOm ccmpul/er, Fr.
ccmpuljiis, Latin.] Having the power to
compel ; forcible.

The Danube, vaft and deep.
Supreme of rivers I to the frightful brink,
Urg'd by ccmpiilfs-je arms, fnon as they reach'd.
New terror cnill'd their veins. Philips.

The clergy would b: glad to recover their dues
by a more (hort and eompulfive method. Sivift,
Compw'lsi VELV. adv. [from compuljive.]

By force ; by violence.
Compu'lsiveness. II. j'. [from compul-

jive.] Force ; compul fion.
Qoarv'LSOKiir.adv. [from com^ulfiirj.]

COM

In a compulfory or forcible mariner ; by
force ; by violence.

To fay that the better dcfer»er hath fuch right
to gjvern, as he may cunputforily bring under the
lei's worthy, is idle. • Bacon.

CoMPii'LSORV. adj. [compul/oire, Fr. ]
Having the power of neceiHtaiing or
compelling.

He errcth in this, to think that anions, pro-
ceeding from fear, are properly compulfory aflfons ;
whii;h, in truth, are not only voluntary, but free
aflions \ neither compelled, nor fo much as phy-
fically ncceflitateJ. Bramball againjl Hchhis.

K'ndly it would be taken to comply with a pa-
tent, although not compulfory, S'tvift.

COMPlpSlCTlON. «./. [compon^ion, Fr.
from pungc, piinBum, to prick, Latin.]

1 . The power of pricking ; llimulation ;
irritation.

This is that acid and piercing fpirit, which,
with fuch adlivity and c^mpunflicit, invadeth the
brains and noftrils of thofe that receive it.

Bro^vn^s Vulvar Encurs.

2. The ftate of being pricked by the con-
fcience ; repentance ; contrition.

He acknowledged his difljyalty to the king,
with expreHions of great comfunFilon. Clarendon.

Compu'nctious. adj. [from compunc-
tion.'] Repentant; forrowful ; tender.

Stop up th' accefs and pafl'age to remorfe.
That no cantpan^iaus vifitings of nature
Shake my fell purpofe. Sbakefpcare' i Macbeth.
Compu'nctive. adj. [ftom compunSiioii.]

Caufing remorfe.
CoMPURC a'tion. «. /. [compurgaiio,
Lat.] The prailice of juftifying any
man's veracity by the teftimony of an-
other.
Compurga'tor. ».y^ [Latin.] Onewho
bears his telUmony to the credibility of
another.

The neir quarry, or chalk-pit, will give abun-
dant atteftation : thefc are fo obvious, that 1 need
. not be far to feek for a compurgator.

lycoiltvarj* s Natural Hijiory.
Compu't ABLE. fl(^'. [hom compute.] Ca-
pable of being numbered or computed.

If, inltcad of twenty-four letters, there were
tAventy-four millions, as thofe twenty-four millions
are a finite number, fo would all combinations
thereof he finite, though no: eafily computable by
arlthmctick. Hale's Origin of Mankind.

Computa'tion. »./. [from compute.]
I. The aft of reckoning; calculation.

My princely father
Then, by juft computation fvf the time.
Found that the ilTue was not his.

Sbakifpeare's Richard III.

z. The fum collefted or fettled by calcula-
tion.

We pafs for women of fifty ; many additional
years are thrown into female computations of this
nature. Addifin's Guardian.

To COMPU'TE. -v. a. [computo, Latin.]
To reckon ; to calculate ; to number ;
to count.

Compute hovi much water would be requifite to
lay the earth under water.

Burnet's Theory of the Earth.

Where they did compute by weeks, yet Hill the
year was meafured by months. H Idcr en Time,

Alas ! not dazzled with their noon-tide ray,
Ccmpi.te the morn and cv'ning ro the day;
The whole amount of that enormoui fame,
A tale that blends their glory with their (h.imc.

P'pe.

Compu'te. ». / [computus, Lat.] Com-
putation; calculation.

CON

Though there were a fatality in this year, jrtt
divers were out in their account, aberring fevcral
ways from the true and juft compute ; and calling
that one year which perhaps might be another.

Bro7vn's yulgar Errours*

Compu'ter. n.f. [from compute] Reck-
oner ; accountant ; calculator.

■ The kalendars of thcfe computers, and the ac.
counts of thcfe days, are different.

Bro7vns Vulgar Errourt*

I have known fome fuch ill computers, as to

imagine the many "millions in ftocjcs fo much real

wealth. Siviji,

Co'mputist. It./, [computijle, Fr.] Cal-
culator ; one Called in the art of num-
bers or computation.

The treafui«r was a wife man, and a ftrifl com-

f^ft- Wotten.

We conceive we have a year in three hundred

and fixty-fivc days exaft: rom/ii/j^j tell us, that we

efcape fix hours. Brown,

Co MRADE. n.f. [camerade, Fr. from ca-
mera, a chamber : one that lodges in
the fame chainber, contuberniofruitur.]

1 . One who dwells in the fame houfe or
chamber.

Rather I abjure all roofs, and chufe
To be a comrade with the wolf and owl.

Shakefpearc's King Lear.

2. A companion ; a partner in any labour
or danger.

He permitted them
To put out both thine eyes, and fettcr'd fend thee
Into the common prifon, tlicrc to grind
Among the (laves and afTcs, thy comrades.
As good {,<x nothing elfe. Atitton's Agoniflcs.

A footman, being newly married, defired his
comrade to tell him freely what the town faid of it.

Con. a Latin infeparable prepofition,
which, at the beginning of words, fig-
nilies union or aflbciation : as concourj'e,
a running together ; to convene, to come
together.

Con. [abbreviated from contra, againft,
Lat.] A cant word for one who is on
the negative fide of a queftion ; as, the
pros and cons.

To CON. V. a. [connan. Sax. to know ;
as, in Chaucer, Old nxymen connen mochil
thinge ; that is. Old women have much
knowledge.]

1. To kno.v.

Of mufe>, HobbinrI, I nnnt no /kill
Enough to me to paint out my unreft.

!< f infer s Paflorah

2. To ftudy ; to commit to memory ; to
fix in the mind. It is a word now little
in ufe, c'.cept in ludicrous langu.ige.

Pretty anfwcrs \ have you not been aC(5u.ainted
with goldfniilhs wives, and connd tliem out of
rings ? Sbakefpcart.

Here arc your parts ; and I am to intreat you to
con them by to-morrow night.

Shaktfpearc's Midfummcr Night's Dream.

Our underttanding cannot in this body arrive
ff> c'early to the knowiedgeof God, and things iu-
vifible, as by orderly conning over the vifible and
infci i >ur creatures. Milton.

Shew !t him written; and, having the other alfo
wiiten in the paper, fliew him that, after he Itas
conned the firlt, and rc'iiiirc it of him.

Holder's Elements r,f Speech.
The books of which I'm chiefly lond.
Are fuch as you have whilom cunn'd. Prior,

All this while John had canned over fuch a ca-
talogue of hard words, as were enough to conjure
up the devil. viriuibrot.

3- T(,

CON

3. 9*0 Con thanks ; an old expreflion for

te thank. It is the fame with ffo'voir

grh
1 can him no thanki f'jr't, :h the nature he de-

Irvcrs it. iibaiglfeare,

Ti CONCA'MERATE. -v. a. [concamero.

Lat.] To arch over ; to vault ; to lay

concave over.

Of the upper beak, an inch :ind a ha!f confifteth

of one concamerattJ hone f bended downwards, and

toothed as the other. Gniv^i Mufeum.

Con"camera'tioh. v./. [from concami-

rati.] Arch ; vault.

What a romance i( the ftory of thofe impoflible

ccraiivcrjthns, and feigned rotations of foiid orbs !
CUrTviUe^s Sccpjii.

To CONCA'TENATE. -y. a. [from ca-
tena, Lat. a chain.] To link together;
to unite in a fucceflive order.

CoNCATEN a'tion. ti.f. [from concale-
nate.'\ A feries of links ; an uninter-
rupted onvariable fucceflion.

The tto.cks affirmed a fatal, unchangeable «n-
cofmautn of caufes, reaching t5 the elicit acts of
man's will. Scuth.

Concava'tion. n, /. [ from coitca-ve.']
The aft of making concave.

CONCA'VE. a,/J. [ccKcafus, Latin.]

1. Hollow without angles; as, the inner
furface of an egglhell, the inner curve
of an arch ; oppofed to convex.

Thcfe grca". fragm'J'.ti falling hollow, indofcd
under their concave furface a great deal of air,

Burn.l'i Ttcory.

2. Hollow.

Have you not made an univerfal fhout,
ThatTjbcr trembled underneath his banks.
To hear the replication of your founds
Made in his wBCtf-rf rtiores ? Shak.yuJiutCafar,

For his verity in love, I do think him as ton-
€dvc as a covered goblet, or a worm-ca'en nut.

Sbtikf^yeare^s yii im like it.

Cove a've NESS. n. /. [from concave. '\
Hollownefs. D^a.

Conca'vity. ft./. [Uom concave.] In-
ternal furface of a hollow fpherical or
fpheroidical body.

Niches that cor.tain figures of white marble
il^ould not be coloured in their concavity too black.

lycticn.
They have taken the imprefles of thefc (hells
with that ex<iuifite nicenefs, that no metal, when
melted and cad in a mould, can ever poflibly repre-
fent the ctncavity of that mould with greater exa£l-
Mf« than thefc flints do tht ancaiAiiet of the (hells,
wherein they were moulded. IVouliv. Nat. hijl.

CovCAVo-coNCAVE. adj. Concave or

hollow on both fides.
Concavo-convex, adj. [from concave

and convex.] Concave one way, and

convex the other.

1 procured innxhtr ccnrave-etnvex plate of glafs,

ground on both (ides to the fame fphere with the

former plate. Nemton.

A concavo'ccnvex pentangular plate, part of a

flieU that bdongs to the entrochu^.

ff^^eJtvard m F^Jfls.
Conca'vous. adj. [coneavus, Lat.] Con-
cave ; hollow without angles.
CoNC a'vousl V. adv. [from co/ica-vous.]
With hollownefs ; in fuch a manner as
difcovers the internal furface of a hoHow
fyhere.

The dolphin that carricth Arion U attcavcujly
inverted, and hath iu fpine deprelTed.

T» CONCE'AL. V. a. {oncth, Latin.]

CON

To hide ; to keep fecret ; not to di-
vulge ; to cover ; not to deteft.

He oft (inds mcd'cine, who his grief imparts ;
But double griefs afflift cmctj/ing hearts. Fairy iij.

Come, Catelby, thou arffworn
As deeply to e(t'c€t what we intend.
As dofcly to ciKCcal what we impart.

Staicfpearc's RictartlUl.
Vlyfles bimfelf adds, he was the mcft eloquent
and the moft (ilcnt of men : he knew that a word
fpoke never wrought fo much good as a word ccn-
ceahd. Bttccme.

There is but one way I know of converCng fafcly
with all men, tfiat is, not by conceaUtig what wc
fay or do, but by faying or doing nothing that de-
fenes to be concealed. ■P'V^.

Con c e'a l a b l e . adj. [from conceal. ] Ca-
pable of being concealed ; poffible to be
kept fecret, or hid.

Returning a lye unto his Maker, and prefuming-
to put off the Icarchcr of hearts, he denied the
omnil'ciency of God, whereunto there is nothing
caxeahile. Brmvns Vulgar Erroun.

Conce'a LED NESS. n. /. [ivom conceal.^
The ftate of being concealed ; privacy ;
obfcurity. Diil.

Cokce'aler. h. /. [from conceal.'\ He
that conceals any thing.

They were to umlergo the penalty of forgery, and
the ccrtccaler of the crime was equally guilty.

Clareiidt)n.

Conce'a I, ME NT. n.f. \ixom. conceal.'\

1, The aft of hiding ; fccrecy.

She n':vcr told her love ;
But let concealrr.cnt, like a worm i' th' bud.
Feed on her daniafk cheek. Sbaiejp. ttv. Nigbl.

He is a worthy gentleman,
Eiceedingly wcU read, and profited
In (Grange concealments, Sbakefpeare'tlJenryW .
Few own fuch fcniiments ; yet this concealment
derives rather from the fear of man than of any
Being above, Glanville.

2, The ftate of being hid ; privacy ; de-
litefcence.

A perfon of great abilities is zealous for the good
of mankind, and as felicitous for the ccncealnunt as
the performance oi iUuHrious aftions.

Addif^n^s Frnbolder.

3, Hiding-place ; retreat ; cover ; (belter.

The choice of thii holy name, as the moft ef-
fe^ual concealment of a wicked dclign, fuppofes
mankind fatis/ied that nothing but what is jud is
dirc£lcd by the principles of it. Rogers.

The cteft tree
Offers its kind concealment to a few,
Their food its infefis, and its mofs their nells.

Thmfon.

Ttf CONCE'DE. v.a. [concedo, Latin.]
To yield ; to admit ; to grant ; to let
pafs undlfputed.

By expurgatory animadverfions we might ftrike
out great numbers of hidden qualities; and, having
once a conceded lilt, we might with more fafcty at-
tempt their reafons. •' Bro^vn.
This mud not be (ciic«/<i^ without limitation.

Boyle.

The athcid, if you concede to him that foituiic

may be arr agent, doth prcfume himfelf fafe and

invulnerable. Ber.tlcy.

eONCE'IT n./. [concept, French; con-
cept us, Latin.]
1. Conception ; thought; idea; image in
the miod.

Here the very fhcpherds have their fancies lifted
to-fo hi^h conceits, as the learned of other nations
are content both to borrow their names, and imi-
tati' their cunning. Hidney,

Impoffiblc it was, that ever their will ihould.
change or incline to remit any part of their duty,.
without fome olijctl having iorcc to avert thrir
conceit from God,. Hahr.

CON

His grace looks cheerfully and fmooth this morn-
ing:
Thf re 's iami: conceit, or other, likes him well,
When that he bids good-morrow with fuch fpirit.

Sbakejpeare.

Ill laughing there ever precedeth a conceit of

fomewbat ridiculous, and therefore it is proper to

man. Baccn^s Natural Hijlory,

2. Underftanding ; readinefs of appre-
henfion.

How often, alas ! did her eyes fay unto me, that
they loved ! and yet I, not looking for fuch a
matter, had not my conceit open to underdand
tliem. Sidney.

The firft kind of things appointed by laws hu-
mane, containeth whatfoever is good or evil, is
notwithftanding more fecret than that it can be
difccrncd by every man's prefcnt conceit, without
fome deeper difcourfe and judgment. Iloc^ker.

I (hall be found of a quick conceit in judgm.'nt,
and iiiall be admired. iViJdom, viii. ji.

3. Opinion, generally in a fenfe of con-
tempt; fancy; imagination; fantaftical
notion.

1 know not how conceit may rob
The treafuiy of life, when life itfelf
Yields to the theft. Sbakejpeare^ s King Eear,

Strong conceit, like a new principle, carries all
eafily with it, when yet above common fenfe.

Locke,
MalLranche has an odd conceit.
As cverenter'd Frenchman's pate. Prhr,

4. Opinion, in a neutral fenfe.

Seed thou a man wife in his own conceit f
There is more hope of a fool than of him.

Proverbi, xxvi. iz.

I (hall not fall f approve the fair conceit
The king hath of you. Sbakcjfeare's Henry VIII.

5. Pleafant fancy ; gaiety of imagination ;
acutenefs.

His wit is as thick as Tewklbury muftvd •.
there is no more nuceit in him than is in a mailer.

Sbakejpeare' s Henry 1V»
While he wv^ on his way to the gibbet, a freak
took him in tlic head to go off with a conceit.

' L'EJlrangt.

6. Sentiment, as dlftlnguiflied from ima-
gery.

Some 10 conceit alone their works confine.
And glitt'rlng thoughts (iruck out at ev'ry line.

Pope,

7. Fondnefs ; favou»able opinion ; opi-
nionative pride.

S nee by a little (iudying in learning, and great
conceit of himfelf, he has loft his religion ; may he
find it again by harder ftudy, under humbler
truth. Bcntley,

8. Out of Conceit tnith. No longer
fond of.

Nof that I dare alTume to myfelf to have put
him out of conceit *zvitb it, by having convinced
him of the fantafticalncfs of it. 7Wotfon, Preface.

What hath chiefly put me out of conceit wilb
this moving manner, is the frequent difappoint-
mcnt. Sivift.

To Conce'it. V. a. [from the noun.] To
conceive ; to imagine ; to think ; tc
believe.

One of two bad ways you mufV conceit me.
Either a coward, or a flatterer. Sbak.^ul, Ceeff.r.

They looked, for great matters at their hands,
in a caufe which they conctitcd to be for the liberty
of the fubjeft. Baton.

He conceits himfelf to be (truck at, when he is
not fi much as thought of. VEJirange.

The ftrong, by conceiting themfelves weak, are

thereby rendered as unaftivc, and confequently as

ufclels, as if they really were fo. Souib's Sermons,.

Con ck' IT HO. particip. adj. [from conceit. '\

I. Endowed with fancy.

He was of countenance amiable, of feature
comely, aillve of body, plcafantly conceited, and
fliarp of wit.. Knotl-i.

2. Froud;,

•2. .TrouJi fond of himfelf; opinionative;'
alFefted; fantallical.

Thtre is mother extreme In ••bfcure writers,

which feme empty cmitifd heads are apt to run

into, out ot" 3 proJigality of wjrds, and a want of

fenfc. /•«.'«« «i ibt ClaJJicki.

If you think me too concdudi

Or to paffinn ijaiclcly heated. Sv'-ft.

Whit you write of mc, would malce me more

ttr.riitui tiian whar I fcrlbbir mv fclf. fofe.

3. With ff/"before the objea of conceit.
Ever) man is building a feveral way, impotently
cmctiitd oj his own model and his own materials.

Dryden,

If we conEder liow vitiooj «nd corrupt the

Athenians were, how tor.ceiteii of their own wit,

fcience, and politensfs. Bnt/cy.

Coxce'itedlx-. aJ-v. [from (onteited.}
FandfuUy ; whimfically.

ConceiicJIy drefs her, and be aiHgn'd
By you fit place for every flower and jewel :
Make her for love fit fuel. Donnt.

Conce'itedness. n.f. [itom conceited."]
Pride ; opinionativenefs ; fondnefs of
himfelf.

When men think none woithy efteem, but fuch
as claim uiider their own pretences, partiality and
tiitcdtuiiKp make them give the pre-eminence.

Coliler on Pritie.

C»nce'itless. adj. [from conceit,'] Stu-
pid ; without thought ; dull of appre-
henfion.

Think'ft thou I am fo (hallow, fo eiitctitltfs.
To be fcduccd by thy flattery.

Skakefp. T-urn Gent. ofVtrma.

Conce'ivable. adj. [from ctncei'v^.]

1. That may be imagined or thought.

If it were polfible to cjntrive an invention,
whereby any concnvgbk wxight may be moved by
any concervabU power, with the fame quicknefs,
without other inftrument, the works of nature
<vou!d be too much fubjefl to art. H'ilk'm,

2. That may be underftood or believed.

The freezing of the words in the air, in the
Northern climes, is as conciivailt as this ftrange
union. CUnvllU^t Sccpjli,

It is not nncc'ivallt, that it fhould be indeed

that very perfon, whufe Ihape and voice it alfumed.

^ttcrbury's Serntc'ns.

Cokce'ivableness. ». /. [from concei'v-
able.] The quality of being conceivable.

Did.

Conce'ivably. adv. [from concei<val>le.]
In a conceivable or intelligible manner.

To CONCE'IVE. a/, a. [conctvoir, Fr.
concipere, Lat.]

1. To admit into the womb ; to ■form in
the womb.

I was (hafen in ini<}uity, and in fin did my
mother concave me. Pfalm li. 5.

2. To form in the mind ; to imagine.

Nebuchadnezzar hath conceived a purpofe ag.iin(l
you. 'Jeremiah.

Thii mao nnce'rved the duke's death ; but what
was the motive of that felonious conception, is in
the clouds. Wotlon.

3. To comprehend ; to underftand : as, he
conceives the lu hole Jyjietn.

Thi< kifs.if it durft fpeak,
W'ould ftretch thy fiiiits up into the air :
Oinceive, and fare thee well. Sbahj'f. King Lear,

•4. To think; to be of opinion.

If you coin^>arc my gentlemen with Sir John,
you will hardly conceive tiim to have been bred in
the fame climate. Hviifl.

To Conce'ive. f . ».

I . 'io think ; to have an idea of.

Tlie griev'd commoM
Hardly ctnterve of mc : kt it be nois'd,
That, through our intercefiion, this rcvokemeot
Ani pardon tomes. Skikejfeart't Uciuy Vlll.

C O -N

O ^at«valls me now that^ionanrV!^
To have eonc-iv'J of God! or that falute.
Hail, highly favour'd, among women blell ! Afi/j

Corcciv! of citings cle;rrly and dil>inftly in their
own naturci; conceive o( things completciy in all
their parts; eaieeive of things coroprehenfively in
all rheir proper4ics ind relations; ««tewe of things
extenfively in all their kinds ; mtceive of things
ordcrlv, or in a proper method. Want's hogick.

2. To become prignant.

The flocks fliould conceive when they came to
dtlJik. Ctmjti.

The beautenns maid, whom tit beheld, poflefs"U ;
Cnciiving as flie flcpt, her fruitful womb
Swell'd with the founder of immortal Rome.

AUifon.

Conce'iver. «./ [from cenrei've.] One
that underftands or apprehends.

Though hereof prudent fymbols and pious alle-
gories b« made by wilisr conceivtrs, yet common
heads will fly unto fi^erllitious applications.

Brcvtni Vulgar Errouri.

Conce'nt. n. /. [loucentus, Latin.]

1. Concert of voices ; harmony; concord

of found.

It is to' be con£dered, that whatfoever virtue is
in numbers, for conducii^ to conunt of note.*, is
rather to be afcribed to the ante-number than to
the entire number. Bacon,

2. Confiftency.

Reafons borrowed from nature »nd the fchool-
men, as fubfervient mediums, carry a mulickand
concent to that which God hath faid in his word.

Vr. Maine.
'Tis in cmcent to his own principles, which
allow no merit, no intrinfick worth, to accompany
one ftate more than another. jitterbury.

To CONCE'NTRATE. v. a. {concentrer.
Ft. from con and centrum, Lat.] To
drive into a narrow compafs ; to diive
towards the centre : contrary to expand
or dilate.

Spirit of vinegar, concentrated and reduced to its
gicateft ftrcngth, will coagulate the ferum.

jirbutbnot OK jilimentt.
Concentra'tion. «. /. [from concen-
trate,] Colleftion into a narrow fpace
round the centre ; compreffion into a
narrow compafs.

All circular bodies, that receive a concentration
of the light, muft be ftadowed in a circular man-
ner. Peaebam on Draiving.
To Conce'ntre. nj. n. [concentrer, Fr.
from COS and centrum, Latin.] To tend
to one common centre ; to have the
fame centre with fomething elfe.

The bricks having firft been formed in a cir-
cular mould, and then cut, before their burning,
into four quartet'; or more, the firfes afterwards
join fo clofcly, and the points concentre fo ejaftly,
that the pillars appear one entire piece. }Vi,tton.

All thele are like fo many lines drawn from fe-
veral objefts, that fomc way relate to him, and
cor.centre\t\ him. Hale.

To Conce'nt RE. <v. a. To direft or con-
traft towards one centre.

'I'he having a part lei's to animate, will ferve to
concentre the fpirits, and make them more aAive in
the reft. Decay of Piety.

In thee eeneentring all their precious beams
Of facreJ influence ! Milton.

Conce'ntric AL, 7 adj, [ concetitricus,
Conce'ntrick. J Lat.] Having one
common centre.

If, as in water ftirr'd, more circles be
Pioduc'd by one, love fuch additions take ;
Thofc, like fo many fphetes, but one heav'n make 5
For they arc all concentrick unto thee. Donne.
■ Any fubftancc, pitched fteddy upon two points,
as on an axis, and moving about on that axis, ^Ifo
dcfctibcs a circle concentrick to the axis.

bioxon'i Mechanical Exercijes.

CON

If the cryftalline hemoJir had Keen ttmmtricJ

to the fclerodes, the eye would not have admitted

a while hemifphere atone view, fay on tbeCreat,

If a ftonc be thrown into ftagnating water, the

waves excited thereby continue fome time to arile

in tlje place where the ftone fell into the watov

and are propagated from thence into eonctnlrick

circles upon the furface of the water to great dif-

taiices. Tfev/iov'i Oftiekt.

The manner of its concretion is by coneeniricat

rings, like thofeof an onioll about the firft kernel,

/Irbuienot en Diet,

Circular revolutions in emcentriik orbs about the

fun, or other central body, coulc ia no wife.be

attained without the power of the Divine arm.

Bentley^s Sermons,

Co NC e'p T A c L E . n.f. [conceptacufum, Lat.]

That in which any thing is ooniained-j

a veSeU

There is at this day refident, in that huge <o»-
ceftacle, water enough to effeft Cuch » deluge.

Wood-ward's Natural Hijiory, Preface.

Conce'ptible. adj, [from concipio, con-
ceptum, Lat.] That may be conceived ;
intelligible ; capable to be underftood.

Some of his attributes, and the mani'eftations
thereof, are not only highly dcleSable to the intelT
lcSi\e faculty, but arc mort foitable and eafily
ann^tible by us, becaufc apparent in his works.

liale't Origin of Mankind.

Conce'ption. n. /. [conceptia, Latin.]

1 . The aft of conceiving, or growing quick
with pregnancy.

I will greatly multiply thy forrow by tliy ctncep-
t'lan i in forrow thou (halt bring forth children.

Genefii, iii. iSa

Thy forrow I will greatly multiply ,

By thy conctpi'an; children thou diaic bring
In forrow forth. Milton's Paradije Lofl.

2. The ftate of being conceived.

Joy h.id the like conception in our eyes,
And, at that inftant, like a babe fprung up. Sbak.

Our own produftions flatter us : it is impoflible
not to be fond of them at tlie moment of their
conception, Dryden's Bufrejncy,

3. Notion ; idea ; image in the mind.

As c oneepti'jns are the images or refemblances of
things to the mind within itielf, in the like manner
are words or names the marks, tokens, or refem-
blances of thofc conceptions to the minds of theia
whom we converfc with. South' s Sermons,

Confult the acuteft poets and fpeakers, and they
will confefs tliat their quickeft, moft admired con-
ceptijm, were fuch as darted into their minds, like
fudiien flalhcs of lightning, they knew not how,
nor whence ; and not by any certain confequence,
or dependence of one thought upon another, as it
is in matters of ratiocination. Soutb's Servtont.

To have right conctftions about them, we mull
bring our unJerftandings to the inflexible natures
and unalterable relations of things, and not endea-
vour Co bring things to any preconceived notions
of our own. Locke.

4. Sentiment* ; purpofe.

Thou but rcmcmbei'ft mc of my own eonce/eion.
*ave perceived a moft faint negledt of late ; which-
have rather blamed as my own jealous curiofity,
han aiavery pretence and purpofe of unkindnefs.
Sbakeff-care' s King Lear,
Pleafe your highncfs, note
His dangerous conc^tion in this point :
Not friended by his wiflj to your high perfon.
His will is mort malignant, and it ftretches
Beyond you to your friends. Shakejp, Henry VIII,

5. Apprehenfion ; knowledge.

And as if bcaltscimceiv'd what reafon Were,
And that conception ftiould diftinftly fliow

They (hould the name of rcafonable bear ;
For, without reafon, none could reafon know.

Vavies.

6. Conceit ; fentiment ; pointed thought.

He is too flatulent fomctimes, and fonietimea
too dry ; many times unequal, and atmoft always
forced ; and, bcjldcs, is full of conceptions, points

of

CON

of cpigrinii ind witticVfms ; all which »re not
only below the dignity of heroick vcrfc, but con-
trary fo its nature. DrydeKs "Jn-ver.at, DedUau:v.
Coi.ce'ptious. adj. [cojicepttim, Latin.]
Apt to conceive ; fruitful ; pregnant.

C6mmon mother,
£nfear thy fertile aod cncefrkhs womb ;
Let it no more bring out to ingrateful man.

Skakijpfare^i Timottw
Cokce'ptive. a/(/. [conceptum, Latin.]
Capable to conceive.

In hot climates, and where the uterine parts ex-
ceed in heat, by the coldncfs of this fimple they
may be reduced into a <:cn:ef>tivc conilitution.

Brifwn's yalgar Emurs.
To CONCE'RN. 1/. a. {coaarner, French;
cmcerno, low Latin.]

1. To relate to ; to belong to. -

Exclude the ufe of natural rcafoning about tlic
fenfe of holy fcripture, concerning tlic articles of
our faith J andthen, tTjat the fcripture doth cm.
urn the articles of our faith, who can aflure us ?

IhcUr.

Count CUu~aio may hear; for what 1 would
fpealc of cancenu bim. Skakeffcart.

Cracious thing!
Thou haft reveal'd ; thofe chiefly which csnctrn
Juft Abraham, and his feed. MUttr's Par. Loji.

This place anctrnt not at all the dominion oi
one brother over the other. Lccki.

2. To afFeft with fome paflion ; to touch
nearly ; to be of importance to.

I would not
The caufe were known to them it mofl cmcirrs.

Shakeffeare.

Our wars with France have aftefled us in our

moft tender interefls, and ancernid us more than

thofe wth any other nation. j4M/cn en lie ff^ar.

It much concerns them not to futfer the king to

eftablifti his authority on this fide. Mdy'mim Italy.

_ The more the authority of any ftation in fociety

IS extended, the more it unctrm pubiick happinefe

that it be committed to men fearing God.

_, . Roreri't Srrmcns.

3. To intereft ; to engage by intereft.

I knew a young negroe who was fick of the
imall pox : I found by enquiry, at a perfon's cen.
cerned for him, that the4ittle tumours left whitifli
fpecki behind them. Byle on Ct/ouri.

Above the reft two goddefTes appear,
Ccncernd for each ; here Venus, Juno there.

■_ .. , Drydln's yEneid.

_ Providence, where it loves a nation, crcmi
itfdf to own and afllrt the intereft of religion, by
Wafting the fpoilers of religious, perfonslnd places.

_, South' i Sermor.i.

Whatever paft aflions it cannot reconcile, or
appropriate to that prclent felf by confcioufnefs, it
can Le no niore»n«r(;f</ in than if they had never
been doi^e. Lccki

They think the.-nfelves out of the reach of prn-'
Tidencc, and no longer ctnctrntd to folicit his fa-
vour, D

4. To dillurb ; to make uneafy.

In one cnmprefling engine I Ihut a frarrow,
without forcing any air in ; and in an hour the
bird began to pant, and be cmimtd, and in lefs
than an hour and a half to be fick. Ditkam

S- To concern him/elf. To interme<',.lle : to
be bufy.

Bc.ng a layman, I ought not to have r«,«r«^
yf'f with fpeculations which belong to the pio-

C' ^ .. ^ Urjden,

ONCE RK. »./ [from the verb]
I. Eufinefs ; affair : confidered as relatine
to fome one. *

Let early care thy main cot,t,rn, fccure,
Things of lefs moment may delays endure.

This manner of expof.ng the private conc.rn, rf
faroilirs, and fatrific-ng the fecrets of the d^ad to
«fc. cunofity of the living, is one of thofe licen-

Vol. J.

CON

tious ptaflices, which might well defcrvt the jni-
madverfion of our government. Addif. Frcehcld.-r.
A Heathen emperor faid, if the gods were of-
fended, it was their own cmcirr:, and they were
able to vindicate themfelves. S-wifi.

_ Bieligion is no trifling ccmcrr., to be performed
in any carclcfs and fuperficial manner. R'-gn.

2. Intereft ; engagement.

No plots th' alarm to his retirements give ;
'Tis all mankind's concern that he fliouldlive.

ixrv /• Drydcti.

When we fpeak of the conflagration of the world,
thefe have jjo concern in the qucftion.

Burntt'i Tbary tftbt Earth,

3. Importance ; moment.

Myllerious fccrets of a high cer.cern,
And weighty truths, folid convincing fenfe,
Explain'dby unaft'efted eloquence. Rofcmmm.

The mind is ftunned and dazzled amidil that
variety of objefls : (he cannot app)y herlclf to
ttofe things which arc of the utmort cincon to
""• _ Mdijon's Steamor.

4. Paflion ; afFeftion ; regard.

Ah, what coitccrm did both your louls divide !
Vour honour gave us what your love denied. Dryd.

O Marcia, let me hope thy kind concerns,
And gentle willies, follow me to battle.

vM-i . . jidJifon's Cato.

Why all this concern for the poor >' We w.nt
them not, as the country is naw managed : where
the plough has no work, one family can do the
bufinefs of lifty, Stvift

Co.vce'rneoly. ad-v. [from cc>,cin,.\
With affeftion; with intereft.

They had moiepifitively and ancemedh \vedded
his caufe, than they were before underftool to have
done. nf J

f~^ t Liarcndon.

(wONCE RNiNc./r/v». [from conci-rn: this
word, originally a participle, has before
a noun the force of a prepofition.] Re-
latmg to ; with relation to.

There is not any thing more fubjeft to errour,
than the true judgment concerning the power and
forces of an eftate. 5^„„.

Ihe ancients had no higher recourfe than to
nature, ts may appear by a difcourferMrermV; this
point m Strabo. £*^,^_

None can demonftrate that there is fuch an

f !f ^"T"'" ' ''"' "P°" "fti"""iy. I am free

trom all doubt ccncemirtg it. Til/otfon, Preface.

Conce'rnment. n.f. [from concern.-]

I. The thing in which we are concerned

or interefted; affair; bufinefs; intereft.

To mix with thy concernments I delift
Henceforth, nor too much difapprove my own.

Ti • /I. L ^ r . Milton's Agoniftes.

This fliews how ufeful you have been,
Tobring the king's comernments in. Huditras.

Yet when we 're fick, the deftor 's fctcht in
hafte,
Leaving our great ccneerrment to the laft. Denl'arn.

When my concernment takes up ju, nioie room
or compafs than myfelf, then, fo long as 1 know
where to breathe and to exift, I know .Ifo where
to ^ happy. g^^^^

He that 18 Wife in the affairs and concermnenis of
other men, but carelefs and negligent of his own,
that man may be faid to be buly, but he is no

wife. ' rri) r

Our fpiritual mtereftj, and the great r.«frr,im.,«i
of a future (»,ne, would doubtlcfs recur often.

D ,- • ... Attiriurf

Propofinons which extend only to the prelem
life, are fmail, comp.ifed with thofe that have in-
fluence upon our cveilafting cc!:c.r,7ments.
n , . . „ fKiiis on the Mind.

:. K,eIation ; influence.

Si-, 'tis 01 near concernmrr.t, and imports
No lefs than the king's life and honour.

I Tj • /.I <■ Dcniam's Sophy.

I Me jufily feirs a peace with mt- would prove
Of lii eoncernmeni to his haughty love.

Drjden't Indian Smftror.

CON

3. rntercourfe ; bufinefs.

The great .or.arnment of men is witli men, one
amongft another. ^^j^^

4. Importance-; moment.

I look upon experimental truths as matters of
great ctmcernmtnt to mankind. g^if

S- Interpofition ; regard ; meddling.

He married a daughter to the earl, without inw
otl.er appr,A.,rion of her father, or concernn-.en, in
It, than fuffermg him and her to come into hi.
ptelcnce. , r^, j

6-a rr . Clarendon,

. f allion ; eraotiOH of mind.

While they are fo e.iger to dertroy the fame of
others, their ambition is manifeft in th^W concern- '

If It carry w,th it the notion of fomething ex-
traordinary. It apprehenfion and concernment ac-
company It, the idea is likely to fink the deeper.

_. „ Locke.

r. CONCE'RT. 'v.o. [concerter, French;
from concert are, Latin, to prepare them -
ielves for fome pubiick exhibition, or
performance, by private encsunters ^a-
mong themfelves.]

1. To fettle any thing in private by mu-
tual communication.

2. To fettle; to contrive; to adjuft.

Mark how, already, in his working brain.
He forms the vzW-concerted fcheme of inilchi-.f.

Concert. »./. [from the verb.]

1. Communication of defigns ; eftablifti-
ment of meafures among thofe who are
engaged in the fame affair.

Ail thofe difcontents, how ruinous foever, have
anfcn from the want of a due communication and
concert. c ■/-.

AC «. Oivtft.

2. A lymphony; many performers play-
ing to the fame tune.

Concerta'tion. n.f. [ccncertatio, Lat.l
Strife ; contention.

Conce'rtative. adj. [ concert ati'vus,
Latin.] Contentious; quarrelfomc ; re-
criminating. 2);'^

CONCE'SSION. ,./ [..^.#,. Latin.]'

1. The aft of granting or yielding.

The cncejion of thefe charters was-in a parlij.
mentary way. Hale's Common Laio of England.

2. A grant ; the thing yielded.

I mi counted myfelf undiminilhcd by my lavgcit
concejjions, it by them I might gain the love of my
P™1^[- ,. , K.ngChctrlel

When a lover becomes fatisrted bv fmall com-
pliances, withuut further purfuits, then exnea to
find popular aflcmblics content with fmall concef.

rJ"""- . S^ift.

Conce ssionary. adj. [from cpnceffisn.\
Given by indulgence or allowance.

Concb'ssively. adv. [from conceJpoH.-\
By way of conceflion ; as, yielding ;
not controverting by aflumption.

Some ha^e written rhetorically and concelfttieh •
not controverting, but affuming the oueftion'
which, taken as granted, .idvantaged the illation.

Con c H . »./. [concha, Latin.] A ftiell ; a

fea-fticll.
He fuinilhes her clofec firft, and tills

The crowded (lielves with larliies of Ihcl.'s •

Mi, orient pearls, which from the conch he drew.

And all the fpatkling ftones of various hue.
o ' ,. ™, Dryden's Fahltt.

Conchoid, at./ The name of a curve.

CoNci LIAR. adj. [conciliutn, Latin.] Re-
lating to a council.

Having been frameu by men of primitive fimpli.
city, in free and conciliar debates, without any am-
bitious regards. Baker', Rejleahm On Ltarmng.

3 B To

CON

r« CONCI'LIATE. -v. a. [conallo, Ltt.]
To gain ; to procure good will ; to re-
concile.

It via iccoonttd i philtre, or plants that eimci-

liatt affcrtion. Brrwu'i Vulgar Emurt.

Co N c I L I a't 1 o n . ». /. [from conciliate.']

The aft of gaining or reconciling. Didl.

CoNCiLi a'tor. n. f. [from concilialeJ]

One that makes peace between others.
CoNCl'l.I ATOR r. adj. [from conciliate.]
Relating to reconciliation. /)/V?.

Conci'mnity. n, /. [from concinnitas,

Lat.] Decency ; fitnefs.
CONCrN'NOUS.arf>. [concimus, Latin.]

Becoming; pleafitnt ; agreeable.
Co'nciOn ATORY. a<lj. [ ccncicaatorias,
concio, Latin.] Ufed at preachings or
publick afTemt^lies.

Their comclincfs unbcguiled the vulgar of the
old opinion the loyalifts had formerly infufed irto
them bv their ccmicjuif-iy inveftives. Hoicel.

CONCi'SE. adj. [conci/us, cut, Latin.]
Brief; (hort ; broken into fhort periods.
The cmctft ftile, which exi-rcflelh not enuugh,
but leaves fomewhat to be undorftood.

Bm JoKJm'i Difceveriis.
Where the author is obfcure, enlighcen him ;
where he is too brief and ccndfe, amplify a little,
aod fet bis notions in a fairer view,

IValts en the M'wJ.

Coi»ci'sELY.«</a'. [from rone//*.] Briefly;
Ihortly ; in few words ; in ihort fenten-
ces.

UiyfTei here fpeaks very cenc'ifcly, and he may
fcem CO break abruptly into the fubjed.

BiKme fit the Odyffrf.

Cosci'sENEss n.f. [from concife.] Brevi-
ty ; fhortncfs.

Giving niorc fcope to Mezentius and Laufus,
that verfion, which has more of the majofty ot
Virgil, has lefs of his conciferefs. Drydin.

CoNCi'sios n.f. [f5?rf//a»!, Latin.] Cut-
ting off; excifion ; dellruftion.

Concita'tion. n.f, [concitalio, Latin.]
The aft of ftirring up, or putting in mo-
tion.

The revelations of he.iven are conceive! by im-
mediate illumination of the foLl ; whereas the de-
ceiving fpirit, by ancitaliin of liumours, produces
tonccited phantafmes. Brnun.

•iONCLAMA'TiON.Jf./ [coticlamatio, Lat.]
An outcry or fhout of many together.

■ Dia.

Cp'wctAVE. n.f. [conclave, Latin.]

1. A private apartment.

2. Thc.robm in which the cardinals meet;
or, the affembly of the cardinals.

1 chaaic the holy tcnclavc for their loves ;
They've fcilc me fuch a man 1 would have wirti'd
tor. Shaleffeare.

It Was faiJ of a cardinal, by reafon of his apia-
lent likelihood Jo fte p into St. Peter's chair, that
in two cmchvci he went in pope, and came out
again cardinal. ^ Sculh't iiermons.

3. A clofe alFcrably.

Forthwith a cetulavt of the godhead meets,
Where Juno ii> the Ihlning fcnatc fits. Giirfh.

To CONCLU'JDE. -v. a. [concludo, Latin.]

1 . To fhut.

The very perlbn of Chrift, therefore, for ever
and the felt- lime, was only, touching bodily fub-
iVarce, cmluj/d within the jirave. Hooker.

2. To include ; to comprehend.

Cod hath ccncludfd them all in unbelief, that
he might have mercy upon alt. Rt,mani, xi. 31.

J. To col left by ratiocination.

The providences of CioJ are promifcuoufly ad-
minillcrej in this world j fa that no man can i.n-

CON

ehdt God's love or hatted to tny perfon, by any
thing that befals jiim. 7WotJari.

4. To decide ; to determine : that is, to
Jhut or clofe the difpute.

Vouch, eie it fees the world, here ftudies reft;
And age, returning thence, conclude) it beft. Dryd,

But no frail man, however great or high.
Can be ondudcd bleft before he die. Mdij. Ovid.

5. To end ; to fini(h.

Is it concluded he (hall be proteftor ?
It is dctermin'd, not concluded yet ;
But fo it muft be, if the king mifcarry.

Sbak/fl>rart' s Richard III.

I will nnclude this part with the fpcccS of a

couiifellor of ftate. Bacon.

Thefe are my theme, and how the war begau.
And how concludtd by the godlike man.

Dryden'i j^ncid.

6. Tooblige, asbythe final determination.

The king wculd never endure that the bafe
multitude (hould frurtrate the authority of the
parliairent, wherein their votes and confents were
concluded.. Baccn's Hcr.ry VII.

If therefore they will appeal to revelation for
their creation, they muft be concluded by it.

Halt's Origin of Mankind.

He never refufed to be concluded by the autho-
rity of one legally fummoned. Atterbury.

To Conclu'de. v. n.

1. To perform the laft aft of ratiocina-
tion ; to colleft the confequence ; to
determine.

For why fliould we the bufy foul believe.
When boldly (he ccncluda of that and this ;

When of herfelf (he can no judgment give.
Nor how, nor whence, nor where, nor what (he is i'

Dar/ie?,

The blind man's relations import no neceflity of
concluding, that though black was the roughcft 0 J
colours, therefore white fiiould be the fmoothdl.
Boyle en Colours.

There is fometHng infamous in the very at-
tempt : the woild will conclude I had a guilty con-
fcience. jlrhuthnot's Hiftory of Jubn Bull.

2. To fettle opinion.

Can wc conclude upon Luther's inftability as our
author has done, becaufe, in a fmgle notion no
way fundamental, an enemy writes that he had
fome doublings ? _ Aiterhury.

I quell ion not but your tranflation will do h>-
nour to our country ; for I conclude of it already
from thofe performances. .^ddtj'on to Fofe.'

3. Finally to determine.

They humbly fue unto your excellence.
To have a goodly peace concluded of
Between the realms of England and of France.

Shaktfitire.

4. To end.

And all around wore nuptial bonds, the ties
Of love's alTurance, and a train of lyes.
That, made in lurt, conclude in perjuries.

Dryden's Fables.

We'll tell when 'tis enough.

Or if it wants the nice concluding bout. King.

Conclu'dency. n.f, [from concludent.]

Confequence ; regular proof ; logical

deduftion of reafon.

Judgment concerning things to be known, or
the ncglcft and coucludency of them, ends in deci-
fion. H"''-

Conclu'dent. adj. [from conclude.] Dc-
cifive ; ending in jull and undeniable
confequences.

Though thcfc kind of arguments may fcem
more obl'cure, yet, upon a doc confideration ol
them, they are highly confcijuiAtial and concludcnl
to my purpofe. Hale's Origin of Mankind-

Conclu'dingly. ad'v. [from conclude.]
With uncontrovertible evidence.

Examine whether the opinion you meet with,
repugnant to what you were formcily cmbued
with, be cinjudingly dgjnanftraud or not. Digty.
+

CON

Cos CLv'sihLt. adj. [from ce/icluJe.'] De-
terminable ; certain by regular proof.

"Tis as ccrtainiy cinclufite from God's pie-
fcience, that they will voluntarily do this, as that
they will do it at all. Hammond.

CoNCLu'siON. n.f. [from conclude,']

1. Determination; final decifion.

Ways >f peaceable conchfnn there are but thefe
two certain ; the one a fentence of judicial deci-
fion, given by authority thereto appointed within
ourli Ives ; the othtr, the like kind of fentence given
by a more nnivcrfal authority. _ Hooker,

2. The colleftion from propofitions pre-
mifed ; the confequence.

'Ihe ecnclufiin of experience, from the time paft

to the time prefcnt, w.U not be found and pertitft,

Bacon's fVar ivitb Spjin,

And maiTyinj divers principles and grounds.

Out ol their match a true ccnclufon brings, Davie:,

Then doth the wit
Build fond conclufons on thofe idle grounds ;
Then doth it fly the good, and ill purfuc. Dav'sts.
I only deal by rules of art, ^
Such as are lawful, and judge by
Csnclufons of aftrology. Hudilras,

It is of the nature of principles, to yield a cciiclu-
fun diftercnt from themfelves. TulotfoM.

He granted him both the major and the minor;
but denied him the cor.clufion. Aidifon's Freeholder.

3. The clofe ; the laft refult of argumen-
tative deduftioQ.

Let us hear the ccnclufM of the whole matter :
Fear God, and keep his commandments; for this
is the whole duty of man. EccliJ. xii. i 5.

I have been, reafoning, and in concluftcn have
thought it beft to return to what fortune hath
made my home. Sw'ift.

4. The event of experiments ; experi-
ment.

Her phyfician tells me.
She has purfued conclufons in6nite
Of eafy ways to die. Skat. Antony and Cleopatra.
We pradlife likewifc all conclufions of grafting and
inoculating, as well of wild trees as fiuit trees.

Bacon's Ne^o Atlantis.

5. The end ; the laft part.

I can fpcak no longer ; yet I will ftrain myfelf
to breathe out this one invocation, which (hall be
my ccnclufcn. Hmiel.

6. In Shakefpeare it feems to fignify ftlence ;
confinement of the thoughts.

Your wife OQavia, with her modcft eyes
And ftill conclujhn, flj.nll acquire no honour,
Demuring upon me. Sbak. Antony and Cleopatra.
CoNCLu'siVE. adj. [from conclude.]

1. Decifive ; giving the laft determination
to the opinion.

The agreeing votes of both houfes were not by
any law or tenfoafonclufve to my judgment.

King Charles.

The laft dlftate of the underftanding is not
always abfolutc in itlclf, nor conclujive to the will,
yet it produces no antecedent nor external neccf-
fity, Bramhalfs Anjwer to Hohhcs.

They have fecret reafons for what they fecm to
do, which, whatever they are, they muft be equally
conclufive for us as they were for them, Rogers.

2, Regularly confequential. ._

Thofe that are not men ot art, not knowing
the true forms of fyllogifm, cannot know whether
they are made in right and conclujive modes and
figures. Ljcke.

CoNCLu'sivELY. adv. [from concluftve.']
Decifively ; with final determination.

This I fpcak only to dcfire Eupolis not to fpcak
peremptorily, axccnclujively, touching the point of
poflibillty, ■ till they have heard mc deduce the
means of the execution. Bacon.

CoNCHj'siVENfsj. /;. /. [from conclu-
fite.] Power of determining- the opi-
nion ; regular confequence.

Coo-

CON

Confideration of things to be known, 0/ thtlr
Ifeveral weights, cmclufivtncjtt or evidence,

HaWs Origin ef Mankind.

Ti Concoa'culate. T/. ij. [from f5« and
coagulate.^ To curdle or congeal one
thing with another.

The faline parts of thofe, upon their folution
by the rain, may work upon thofe other fub-
ftiaces, formerly nncsaguhitd v'ith them.

Boyle s Experiments.
Th»y do but cdagulate themfeives, without rou-
Ctiigulating with them any witer.

Boyh^t Hifory ef Firmneji.

Concoagula'tion. It./, [from, concoa-
gulati.} A coagulation by which dif-
ferent bodies are joined in one mafs.
To CONCO'CT. f . a. [concoquo, Latin.]
I. To digeft by the ftomach, fo as to turn
food to nutriment.

The working of purging medicines Cometh two
or three hours after the medicines taken ; for
that the ftomach firft maketh 1 proof, whether it
C2n cancel them. Baton.

Aflurcdly he was a man of a feeble ftomach,
unable to concscl any great fortune, profperous or
■dwrfe. Htyieard.

The vital funfiions are performed by general and
coaftant laws ; the food is conceded, the heart beats,
the blood circulates, the lungs play.

Cbeyr.c't Phikfofhical Principles.
The notions and fentiments of others judgment,
as well as of our own memor)', makes our pro-
perty : it does, as it were, concifl our intelleduai
food* and turns it into a part of ourfelves.

Wjfft In ibe MinJ.

t. To purify or fublirae by heat; to
heighten to perfection.

'ibe fmall clufc-lurking minifter of fate,
V/hofc high ctncoSed venom through the veins
A rapid lightning daru. Thon:fin't Summer.

3. To ripen.

The root which continueth ever in the earth, is
Aill concoiiid by the earth ; and fruits and grains
are half a year in ctncofJing, whereas leaves are out
and perfect in a month. ^ Bacon.

CoNco'cTiON. n./. [from concs^.] Di-
geftion in the llomach ; maturation by
heat ; the acceleration of any thing to-
wards purity and perfeilion.

This hard rolling is between coneoBion and a
Cmple maturation. Bacon's Natural Hifiory.

The conftantcd notion of comoBion is, that it
Oiould fignify the degrees of alteration of one body
into another, from crudity to pcrfcil conccBion,
which is the ultimity of that aSion or procefs.

Bacm'i Natural Hijliry.
' He, thotigh he knew not which foul fpake,

Becaufe both meant, bnth fpake the fame.
Might thence « new ciKcc{l:cn take.
And part far purer th.in he came. Donne.

Cosco'lour. adj. [ccncolor, Latin.] Of
one colour ; without variety.

In concohur animals, and fuch as are c«jifined
unto the fame cnl ;ur, we mcafure not their beauty
thereby ; for if a. crow or blackbird grow while,
we account it more pretty. Brown.

Conco'mitance. 7 «./ [from concomi-
C-'ONcoMiTANCv. J /or,Lat.] Subfiftence
together with mother thing.

The fecondary aclii^n fubfifteth not alone, but
in eoncoKUancy with the other j fo the n.)ftfil5 arc
•fefal for rcfpiratlon and fiuelling, but the prin-
eipalufr it fmelling. Brt-wn.

To ar5uc from a concotnitancy to a caufality,
is not infallibly conclufivc. Clanvillc'i Scifjis.

CONCO'MITANT.a^-. [««««;>fl„,,La-

tin.] Conjoined with ; concurrent with ;

coming and going with, as collateral,

not caufative or coiifcqueniial.

1 be fpirit tfiai furthenlh tbeexttniwn or dila-

CON

tat'on of bodies, and is ever ««««//«»/ with pora-
fity and drynefs. Baitn.

It has plealed our wife Creator to annex to fc-
ver.il ohjcfts, as alfo to feveral of our thoughts, a
concomitant pleafure ; and that in feveral objefts,
* to feveral degrees. Locke.

Conco'mitant. ft./. Companion; per-
fon or thing collaterally connefted.

Thefe eftedts are, from the local motion of the
air, a concomitant of the found, and not from the
found. Bacon.

Hemade him the chief cwicem/fj/ir of his heir ap-
parent and only fon, in a journey of much adven-
ture, ffilton.

In confumptions, the preternatural conconiitantSf
an univcrfal heat of the body, a torminous diarrhoea,
and hot diftilUticns, have all a corrofive quality.
Harvey en Conjumptioni.

The other concomitant of ingratitude is hard-
heartednefs, or want of companion. Soatb's Serm.

Horrour ftalks around.
Wild flaring, and his faJ concomitant
Defpiir, of abjeft look. Philips.

Reproach is a concomitant to greatnefs, as fatires
and inveftives were an eiTcntial part of a Roman
triumph. Addijon,

And for tobacco, who could bear it ?
Filthy concomitant of claret ! Prior,

Where antecedents, conccmitatits and confequents,
caufes and eifefts, figns and things fignlfied, fub-
jcfls and adjunOs, are neceflarily connefted with
each other, we may infer. fVatts.

Conco'mitantly. adit, [from concomi-
tattt.] In company with others. DiS.

TV Con'Co'mitate. 1/. a. [concomitatus,
Lat.] To be collaterally connedled with
any thing ; to come and go with an-
other.

This fimple bloody fpeftation of the lungs, is

differenced from that which ctncomitaies a pkurify.

Harvey on Conjumptions.

C0;NC0RD. ft./ [emcordia, Latin.]

I . Agreement between perfons'or things ;

fuitablenefs of one to another ; peace ;

union ; mutual kindnefs.

Had I power, I Hiould
Pour the fweet milk of concord into hell.
Uproar the univerfal peace. Shakefpeare's Machelh.
What r«n«r</hath Chrift with Belial ?

z Cor. vl, 15.
One fliall rife
Of proud ambitious heart, who not content
With fair equality, fraternal ftate.
Will arrogate dominion undefcrv'd
Over his brethren, and quite difpolTcfs
Concord and law of nature from the earth. Milton.

Unfafe within the wind
Of fuch commotion ; fucli «s, to fct forth
Great things by fmall, if, nature's roBreni broke,
Aming the conftellations war were fj rjng. Mi'ton.
Kind concord, heavenly bjrn ! who^e blifsful reign
Holds ihii vaft globe in one furrounding chain j
Soul of the world I Tickel,

z. A corapaft.

It appea/eth by the roiirtri/ made between Henry
and Roderick the Iriffi king. Daviet on Ireland.

3. Harmony; confent of founds.

The man who hath not mufick in himfelf.
Nor is not mov'd with concord of fweet founds.
Is fit for trcafons. Shakcfp, Merch. of Venice.

4. Principal grammatical relation of one
word to another, diftindl from regimen.

Have thofe who have writ about dccl-nfions,
concords, and fyntajes, loft their labour f Locke.

Conco'r dance. »./. [ccttcorciaitti{i,L&t.']

1, Agreement.

2. A book which fhews in how many texts
of fcripture any word occurs,

I Ihall take it for an opportunity to tell you, how
you are to rule the city out of a concordance,

Stuth'i Serment, Dtdicalhit.

CON

Some of you turn over a cottcordancc, and there,
having the principal word. Introduce as much of
the verfe as will fetve your turn. Stvifi.

An old concordance b..und long fince. S'wit't,

3. A concord in grammar ; one of tlie
three chief relations infpeech. It is not
now in ufe in this fenfe.

After the three concordance learned, let the
mafter read unto him the epiiiles of Cicero.

Afcham's Scboolmafter.
ConCo'rdant. ac^J. [concorJans, Latin.]
Agreeable ; agreeing ; correfpondent ;
harmonious.

Were every one employed in points coKy)rdant
to their natures, profeilioni, and arts, common-
wealths wools rife up of thcnilelves.

Bronvn's Vulgar Errours.

CoKCo'RDATE.«.y^ \_cortctirJat,¥t, concor-
datum, Lat.] A compadl ; a convention.

How comes he to number the want of fynods in
the Gailican churcj. among the grievances of tliat
concordatc, and as a mark of their flavery, fmce lift
reckons all convocations of the clergy in Eng;land
to be ufelefs and dangerous ? S-tviftm

Conco'rpor AL. adj. [ from concorpBro,
Latin, to incorporate.] Of the fame
body. Dia.

Ti Conco'rpor ATE. v. a. [from <-»'; and
corpus.'l To unite in one mafs or fub-
ftance.

When we coneorporate the fign with the fignifica-
tion, we conjoin the word with the fplrit.

Taylor's tfortlf Ccmrnvnicant.

To Conco'rpor ATE. -v. ft. [con and cor-
pus.] To unite into one body.

Thus we chaftife the god of wine
With water that is feminine.
Until the cooler nymph abate
His wrath, and fo noncorporate. Chave^and,

Concorpora'tion. n./ [fTOmcaticorpo-
ra/e.] Union in one mafs ; intimate
mixture. Di3.

Co'ncourse. »._/! [cmicur/us, Lutin-I

1. The confluence of many pcrfons or
things to one pl.ice.

Do ail the nightly guards,
The city's watches, with t'le people's fears.
The concourfe of all good men, ftrikc t lec nothing ?

B.n jfonj^n,.

The coalition of the good frame of the univerfi

was not the produ<fl of chance, or fjrtuitous con.

fo«r/t'of particles of matter. Hate'sOr'.g. of Munk,

Vain is his force, and vainer is his ikiil.
With fuch a concourje comes the flood of ill.

Drydens Fables.

2. The perfons aflembled.

The prince with wonder hears, from ev'ry part.
The noifc and bufy concourje of the mart.

DrydeiCs Virgil.

3. The point of junftion or interfeftion of
two bodies.

Sofoon as the upper ghfb is laid upon the lower,
fo as t J touch it at one end, and to touch the drc^p
at thejjthcr end, making with the lower glafs an ■
angle of about ten or fifteen minutes j tlic drop
wiU begin tj move towards the concourje of the
glaffes, and will continue to move with an accele-
rated motion, till it arrives at that concourje of the
glalTcs. NcMtn.

CoNCREM a'tion. ti, / [from concremo,
Lat. to burn together.] The aft of burn-
ing many things together. QiS.
Co'ncrement. n. /. [ from coticre/co,
Latin.] The mafs formed by concre-
tion ; a colleflion of matter growing to-
gether.

There is the cohefion of the matter into a more
loofe confiftency, like clay, and thereby it is pre-
pared to the ccncrctnent of a pebble or flint.

Jiale's Or'.g'tn of ManlirJ,
362 COMCRE SC£MCe«

CON

CoNCRt'scENCt'. ». /. [from tanert/c*,
L:\t.] The aft or quality of growing by
the union of feparatc particles.

Srcing it ib neither a fubitance jMrfeAi nor
ancho I'e, bow any other fukllance fhouid cbcnce
take cMcrtfcnce, hath not been l«ughc>

Raleigh's Hiftcy of the IVorlJ.

Tt, CONCRE'TE. -v. n. [concre/ro, Latin.]
to coalefce into one mafs ; to grow by
the union and coheilon of parts.

The mineral or metallick matter, thut ctmcrcting
with the cryftalline^ is equallj diffufed throughout
the body of it. H'codtvarJ.

When any faline liquor is evaporated to a cu-
ticle, and let cool, the fait ccncrtta in tegular
figures ; which argues that the particles of the fait,
before they conertteJ, floated in the liquor at equal
^ftances, in rank and file. Newicti.

The blood of fome who died of the plague could
not be made to ancrett, by le^fon of the putrefac-
tion begun, jtrhutbrut.

To Concre'te. v. a. To form by con-
cretion ; to form by the coalition of
fcattered particles.

That there are in our inferiour world divers
bodies, that are rmrrrKt/ out of others, is beyond
«U difputc; we fee it in the meteors.

HaWi Origin cf Mankind*

Co'ncretb. adj. [from the verb.]

1 . Formed by concretion ; formed by coa-
lition of feparate particles into one mafs.

The fkt^ aKcritc&Me, or coiififtent futface, of
the chaos, muft be of tlie fame figure as the laft
liquid ftats. Barnit.

2. [In logick.] Not abftraft : applied to a
fubjeft.

A kind of mutual commutation there i«, where-
by thofe fCBcr^ftf names, God and man, when wc
fpeak of ChriH, do take interchangeably one an-

, other's room ; fo tha:, for truth of fpeech, it
Ikilleth not whether we fay that the fon of God

" lath created the world, and tlic fon of man by hi:
death hath fived it ; or eife that the fon of- nian
did create, and the fon of Cod died to fave, the
world. Hooker.

C'iBcrtte terms, while they exptefs the quality,
do alfo either exprefs, or imply, or refer to fomc
fubjefl to which it belongs ; as white, round,
long, broad, wife, mortal, living, dead t butihcTe
are not always noun adjefiives in a grammatical
lenfe ; for a knave, a foo!, a philufopher, and
many other ccncrtte:, are fubftantives, as well aj
kn^ivery, folly, and philofophy, which are the ab-
ftra£t terms that belong to them. fVatti^t Lfgick.

Co'kcretf. n.f. A mafs formed by con-
cretion ; or, union of various parts ad-
hering to each other.

If gold iife!f be admitted, as it mull be, for a
porous nitcrtle, the proportion of void to body, in
the texture of common air, will be fo much the
greater. Bentley's Sermons.

Goncre'tely. ad'v. [from concrete.'] In
a manner including the fubjeft with the
predicate ; not abllraftly.

Sin, confidcrcd not abflracHily for the mere aft
of obliquity, but concr'eitly, vi\t\i fuch a fpecjal
dependance of it upon the will as ferves to render
the 3gent guilty. Ncrris.

Concre'tbness. n.f. [from concrete."]
Coagulation ; colledioa of fluids into a
iblid mafa. Dia.

Concre'tion. n./. [from concrete.]

I. The aft of concreting ; coalition.

3. The mafs formed by a coalition of fepa-
rate particles.

Some plants, upon the trII^of the fea, are fup-
pofcd to grow of fame euuretion of flisne from the
waxr, wbeit the ki fiixreth little.

S^ctn's natural Vifitry.

CON

Heiti In genenl, doth not refolvg ta<l attenu-
ate the juices of a human body \ for too great hea-.
will produce coHcrtlim, ^rhmhtiit ofjiJiments.

Co'^icmrivz. adj. [from concrete.] Hav-
ing the power to produce concretions ;
coagulative.

When wood and other bodies petrify, we do not
afcribe their induration to cold, but unto falinous
fpirit, or cmeretivi jaiia, Brovin's Fulg. Err.

Co N c R e't u R E . n. f. [ from concrete. ] A
mafs formed by coagulation.

Concu'binage. n.f. [concubinage, Fr.
concuiinatus, Lat.] The aft of living
with a woman not married.

Adultery was punifhed with death by the ancient
heatliens ; cmcuimage was permitted. Broome.

CO'NCUBINE. n.f. [concuhina, Lat.] A
woman kept in fornication ; a whore ; a
ftrumpet.

1 know I am too mean to be your queeni
And yet too good to be your coHcuhine,

Sbakeff tare's Henry VI.

When hit great friend »ras fuitor to him to
pardon an offender, he denied him : afterwards,
when a concubine of his made the fame fuit, he
granted it to her ; and faid. Such fuits were to be
granted to whores. Bacon.

He caufed him to paint one of his concubines,
Campafpe, who had the greatell fiiatc ia his aft'ee-
tion. Dryden.

Tile wife, though a bright goddefs, thus gives
place
To mortal coneubines of frerti embrace. Granville.

To CONCLTLCATE. f . a. [concuko, La-
tin.] To tread, or trample, under foot.

Did.

Conculca'tion, n.f. [conculcatio, Lat.]
Trampling with the feet. Did.

Co N c u'p 1 s c £ N c E . n. /. [cincupi/c/ntia,
Latin.] Irregular deiire ; libidinous
with ; luft ; lechery.

We know even fccrct cencufijcence to be fin ;
and are made fearful to ofi'end, though it be but
in a wandering cogitation. Hooker.

In our faces the evident figns
Of foul eoncHpiJcence ; whence evil (tore,
Ev'n fhame, the laft of evils. Milton's Par. Loft.
Nor can they fay, that the difference of climate
inclines one nation to concupifcence and fenfual
pleafures, another to blood-thirflinefs : it would
difcover great ignorance not to know, that a peo-
ple has been overrun with recently invented vice.
Bent ley's Sermons.
CONCUTISCENT. adj. [ concupifiens,
Latin.] Libidinous ; lecherous.

He would not, but by gift of my chaile body
To his concufijcent intemperate luft,
Releafe my brother ! Shakcjp. Meafure for MeaJ.

Concupisce'ntial. adj. [from concu-
pifcent.] Relating to concupifcence. DiS.

CoNctJPi'sciBLE. adj. \concupifcihilii,
Lat] Imprefling dcfire ; eager; defir-
ous ; inclining to the purfuit or attain-
ment of any thing.

The fcbools reduce all the pafTions to thefe two
heads, the concupijdbU and irafcibte appetite.

South' s Sermons.

To CONCU'R. V. n, [conciirro, Latin.]

1 . To meet in one point.

Though reafon favour them, yet fenfe can hard-
ly allow them ; and, to fatisfy, both thefe muft
concur. _ Temple.

2. To agree ; to join in one aftion, or opi-
nion.

A£ls which (hall be done by the greater part of
my executors, (hall be as valid and cffeiflual as if
all my executors bad concurred in the fame.

Sfeift'i Loft mil.

CON

3. It hat <it'/>.& before the perfon with whom
one agrees.

It is not evil fimply to cmcur viilb the heathens,
either in opinion oc adion ; and that conformity
with them it only then a difgrace, when wc fo low
them in that they do amifc, or generally in that
they do without reafon. Hooker,

4. It has to before the efFeft to which one
contributes.

Their aftcflions were known to concur If the mod
defperate counfels. Clarerdn,

Extremes in nature equal good produce,
Extremes in min concur 10 general ufe. Pope,

5. To be united with j to be conjoined.

To have an orthodox belief, and a true profef-
fion, concurring with a bad life, is only to deny
Chrift with a greater folemnity. Stulb,

Teftimony is the argument ; and,'if fair proba-
bilities of reafon concur with it, this argument hath
all the ftrength it can have. TiUotfon,

6. To contribute to one common event
with joint f)ower.

When oiitv.'ard caufes cincur, the idle are fooned
feiaed by this infeQion. Collier on the Spleen,

Concu'rrENCE. 1 r re t

Concu'rrency.}"-/- t'J"^'" ''"""'■I

1. Union; aflbciation ; conjunftion.

We have no other meafure but our own ideas,
with the concurrence of other probable reafons, to
pcrfuade us. Licke.

2. Agreement; aft of joining in any de-
fign, ormeafures.

'I'heh concurrence in perfuafion, about fome mea-

lerial points belonging to the fame polity, is not

flange. Hooker, Preface.

The concurrence of the peers in that fury, can be

imputed to the irreverence the judges were in.

Clarendon*
Tarquin the proud was expelled by an univerfal
concurrence of nobles and people.

S-uiift on tbe DiJ/ini. in Athens and Rome,

3. Combination of many agents or cir-
cumilances.

Struck with thefe great emcurrenus of things.

Craft>avJ,

He views our behaviour in every concurrence of
a(rairs, and fees us engage in all the pol5ibilitics of
a'^ivin. Addifm's SpeBator,

4. Affiftance ; help.

From thefe fublimc images we colleS the great-
nefs of the work, and tlie neceflity of the divine
concurrence to it. Rogers,

5. Joint right; equal claim.

A bi(ht>p might have officers, if there wasarsx-
currency of jurifdiftion between him and the ar.:h.
deacon. Ayliffe,

Concu'rrent. adj. [from concur.]

1. Afting in conjunftion; agreeing in the
fame aft ; contributing to the fame
event ; concomitant in agency.

I join with thefe laws the pcrfonal prefence of
tlie king's fon, as a concurrent caufe of this refor-
■ mation. Davies on Ireland.

For, without the concurrnt confent of all thefe
three parts of the legillature, no fuch law is or can
be made. Hale,

This fole vital faculty is not fu(ficient to exter-
minate noxious humours to the periphery, unlefs
the animal faculty be concurrent with it, to fupply
the nbres with animal fpirits. Harvey,

All combin'd
Your beauty, and my impotence of mind y
And his concurrent flame, that blew my (ire j
For (till our kindred fouls had one defire.

Bryden's Fables,

2. Conjoined ; aflbcinte ; concomitant.

There is no diHcrencc between the concurrent
echo and the iterant, but the quicknefs or flownefs
of the return. Bacon,

Concu'rrent. »./. [from>»wf»r.] That
which concurs ; a contribntory caufe.

T»

e o N

Tb til iffslrJ of imporijnce there are thnt'iie.
Ceffary concurriuti, without which they can never
'be difpatchedj titne, induftry, and faculties.

Dtcay nf Piety.

CONCLTSSION. »./. Icomujfto, Lat.]
I. The aft ollhaJuag; agitation; treme-
fa£lion.

It is believed that gr;at ringing of bells, in po-
I'ulous citiee, hath dufipauid pcftilentairj whiih
may be from the cnr:cu£im of the air.

Baun'i Natural Hijiiry.
The llrong ccmujpon on the heaving tide
Roll'd back the vcilil to the ifland's lidc.

Poft'i Oi-ijfiy.

2. The ftate of being fliaken.

There want not inftances of fuch an univerfa!
cmctijfmn of the whole globe, as mult needs implv
an agitation of the whole abyfs.

^ H'tKil-uard'i Natural H'fiiry.

CoNCU ssivE. adj. [ccncujiis, Lat.] Hav-
ing the power or quality of (haicing.
To CONDE'MN. 'v.a. [cDndemno, Latin.]

1. To find guilty; to doom to punilh-
mer.t : contrary to ab/ol-ve.

My confcience hath a thoufand feveral tongues.
And ev'ry tongue b.-ings ia a fev'ral tale,
And ev'ry taje avdimm me fur a villain.

Slattffcare'i RkLard III.
Is be fund guilty ?
——Yes, truly, is he, and ccr.dtmn'd upofl 't.

Stakejfearei Henry VIII,

Confitiered as a judge, it ctttdrmm where it ought

to abfolv;, and prcnounces ablolution where it

ought to t:„dar.„. Fiddei'i Sermcri.

2. Jt has fo before the punifhrnent.

The fon of .-nzn (hall be betrayed unto the
fcribes, and they /hall ccrdemti him to death.

Mjtt. XX. i%.

3. To cenfure ; to blame ; to declare cri-
miiud : contrary to apprirje.

Who then fliali biame
His pefter'd fenfes to recoil and dart.
When all that is within him does ccndmn
Itfelf for being there > Shakeffeare's Macketb.

The poet, who flour-Died in inc fcene, U cen-
demmd in the ruelle. Drydeti-! JErteid, Preface.
_ He who was fo unjuft as to do his brother an
injury, wiU fcarce be lo jufl as to csudimn himfelf
""■ ''• Lt^ie.

They who approve my condud in this particular,
are much more numerous than thofe who condemn
"• HfxaaHr.

4. To fine.

And the king of Egypt put him down at Jeru-
lalem, and cmdemncd tl.o land in an hundred ta-
lents of filver, zUrtmiele,.

5. To flicw guilt by contrail.

The righteous tliat is dead lha:i ccndemn the un-
godly which arc living. fy,/Jim, W. ,6.
Co K D E M N A B L E . Oi/J. [from coudfma.]
Blameable; culpable.

_ He commands to ccface the print of a cauldron
in aflics i which ftriSly to obferve, were condemn-
able fuperftition. Brtmn.

Cowdemna'tion. n./. [co/iJemna/ic. La-
tin.] The fentence by which any one is
doomed to punilhment ; the adt of con-
demning ; the ftate of being condemned.
There is therefore now no andcmnatkn to them.

C, Rnr.cni, viii.

^^V' "''*'^°''Y- "'O- Urom condemn.]
Pafling a fentence of condemnation, or
of cenfure.

• ^l '''u' '"'''' '*" *'* "^'"•"•l^y fentence,
IS like the incendiary in a popuiar tumult, who
u chargeable with all thofe difordcr. to which he
gave r.te. ■ Ctrvernmcnt of the ronrue.

CONDE MNER. n. f. [from condemn.] K
blamer ; a cenfurer ; a cenfor.

Some few are the only refuiers and ccndemner, of
this cithohtlc praflice. Tayl^; Wttihj Cmmun.

CON

CONDS NSABts. aJj. [from conJcn/attt.]
That wiiich is capable of condeniatten ;
that which can be drawn or compreffed
into a narrower compafs.

This agent meets with n'filtauce in the move,
able; and no: being in the utmoft extremity of
denfit;., but «ii^;r/a«, 5'er further, every rtTillance

. works fomething upon the mover to condenfe it.

_- -, ' , ' ' ^'th on the Soul.

Vo^CoNDE -MSATE. t'. a. [ccnJenfo, Latin.]
To condenfe ; to make thicker.

ToCondb'nsate. v.n. To grow thicker.

Conde'nsate. «//>-. [condenjatiii, Latin.]
Made thick; condenfedj comprefledin-
to lefs fpace.

Water by nature is white ; yea, thickened or
ccndcnpte, moft white, as i: appeareth by thi hail
^"'''^''»'- , Peacham.

(-0 N D E N s A T 1 o N . a. /. [from condenfate. ]
The aft of thickening any body, or
making it more grofs and weighty : op.
pofite to varefaawn.

It by natural arguments it may be proved, that
water, by ■ condcnfatkn, may become earth: the
fame reaton teacheth, that earth, rarefied, m.w
become water. Ra/ei^h't nijlorj.

tSy water-glallcs the account was not regula'r:
ior, from attenuation- and cMden/.ition, the hours
were Iharler in hot weather than in cold.

-. , , ,. _Srm.„'sru/garErroi,rs.

I he lupply of Its moifture is by rains and fnow,
ana dews and condenfathn of vapours, and perhaps
by futterrani-ous pa/Tages. p, .,/ „

7i CONDE'NSE. ^.a. [conJayh. Latin:N'
I o make any body more thick, clofe,
and weighty ; to drive or attraft the
parts of any body nearer to each other ;
to infpiflate : oppofed to rarefy.

Moving in lo high a fphere, he mufi needs, as
the fun, raifc many enviuus exhalations; whicli,
condenfed by a popular odium, were capable to
cloud the bnghteft merit. KhgCharkt.

Some lead their youth abroad, while fome con-
denfe
Their liquid flore, and fome in cells difpenfe.

Such denfe and folid ftrata arreft The'va'pou^'a^
the fu.face of the eartli, and coUeft and conderfe it
there. tx/- j ■ ,

/V CoNDE NSE. rv. n. To grow clofe and
weighty ; to withdraw its parts into a
narrow compafs.

The water tailing from the upper parts of the
cave, docs prefently there condenfe mto little ftones.
.„ , , BoyliiScfpt.Chym.

All vapours, when they begin to condenfe and
coalefce into fmall parcels, become firft of that
bignefs whereby aauie muft be refleftcd, before
they can conftitutt other colours. Newton' i QptUkt.

CoNDE NSE.a^. [from the verb.] Thick;
denfe; condenfated ; clofe; mafly •
weighty. '

They colour, fliape, and fize
AlTume, as likes them bed, condenfe or rare. Mdt.
I hey might be feparated without confociating
lato the huge condenfe bodies of planets.
o t . .. S'ntlty't Sermonl.

Condenser.*./ [from condenfe.] A
ftrong metalline veffel, wherein to crowd
the air, by means of a fyringe faftened

CoNDE NSITY. n.f [from condenfe.] The
flate of being condenfed ; condenfation ;
denfenefs; denfity.
Co'nders. n.f. [conduire, French.]

Such as (land upon high places near the fea
coaft, at the t.me of herring fi(hing, to make (igns
to the (i(hers which way the (hole pafleth, which
may bttter appear to fuch u lUnd upon fome high

CON.

clifl,,ty a kind of blue colour that the firft-caufeth
in the water, than to thofe in the (hips. Thcfe be
likewile called huen, by likelihood of the French
hiiycr, exclamare, and balkers. r-7/..7/

r. CONDESCE'ND. -v. n. .[condefccJe',
It. irom coudefendo, LatJrt.J

1. To depart from the.priv'ilt-ges of fupe-
nonty by a voluntary fubmiflion ; to
link willingly to equal terms with infe-
riours ; to footh by familiarity.

This method carries av.-j-y humble and «rrf,.
fcndmg air, when he that ioftrufls feeras to be the
enquirer, „,

. 'T' r t fralts,

2. To confent to do more than mere juftice
can require.

_ Spain's mighty monarch.

In gracious clemency does eondefcend,
On thefe conditions, to become your uiend.

H»4-j . ■ •, ■ ^0''-'"''!l''dianEmfert»:
He did not primarily intend to appoint this way ;

but condffcended to it, as accommodate to their pre!

lent ftnte. „-.„ V

. T" /I < . Tillotfon.

3. To Hoop ; to bend ; to yield ; to fub-
mit ; to become fubjeft. *

Can they think me fo broken, fo debas'd.
With corporal fervitude, that my mind ever
WiU condejcend to fuch abfuij commands? MVton.

. "or ftall my relblution
Uifarm itfelf. nor condtfcend to oarlv
With foolirh hopes. clnhant's Sothy.

"iT " ^ = " ,>! ° ^ N c E . n.f [condefcendance.
l-rench.] Voluntary fubmiffion to a ftate
ot equality with inferiours.
Condesce'ndingly. ad'zj. [from eonde.
Jcendwg.] By way of voluntary humilia-
tion ; by way of kind conceffion.

_ We condejcendingly made Luthe. 's works umpires
in the controverfy. ^tterhury.

Condesce nsion. n.f [from condefcendS
Voluntary humiliation ; defcent from fu-
penority ; voluntary fubmiffion to equa-
lity with inferiours.

It forbids pride, and ambition, and vain glory ;
and commands humility, and modefty, and «,i.!
>.>« to other,. ^-11^^^^^

Courtefy and condfcenfon is an happy quality,
which never fails to make its way into the good
opinion, and into the very heart ; and allays the
envy which always attends a high (lation.

_ Raphael, amidft his tendernefs, (hews fuch a dic-
mty and ccndefcenjion in all his behaviour, as are
fuiti.ble to a^fuper.our nature. ^j^;fi„_

Condesce NsivE. <?«>■. [From condefcend.l
Courteous ; willing to treat with infe-
riours on equal terms : not haughty :
not arrogant. ° ^

"^^wZ^^- '"'>,[-«'^>«. Latin.]
Worthy of a perfon ; fuitable ; deferv-
ed ; merited : it is always ufed of fonj«.
tiling deferved by crimes.

Unlefs it were a bloody murtherer,
I never gave them condign punilhment.

„_-. , . . ^ _Shatefpeare's Henn VJ.
Confider who is your friend, he that would have
brought him to condign punilhment, or he that
has faved him. ^ i, .j

/~i„ / , , , ylrl>ui/njr.

CONDI ON NESS, n.f [from condign.] Suit-
ablenefs ; agreeablenefs to deferts, Di,3.
Condi ONLY. ad-v. [from condign.] De-
iervedly ; according to merit. Dia
Co NDiMENT. n.f [condimenlum. Latin.]
i>eafoning ; fauce j that which excites
the appetite by a pungent tafte.

As for radilh and the like, they are for condi.
tnenls, and not for nouridimcnt. Baron't Nat, Hi/l

Many things are fwallowed by animals rather for
condiment, guft, or medicament, than any fubllan.
t.al nuttuneou " g,^^

CoNOIJCl'ptl,

CON

CoKDisci'piE. «./. [condifeifidus, Lat.]

A fchoolfellow.
To eO'NDITE. V. a. [coHdio, Lat.] To
pickle ; to prcferve by falls or aroma-
tirks.

Much aOer the fame manner as the Tugar dotli,
in the miJHiiig of pears, quinces, and the like.

Grnv^s Muftevm.
The moft innocent of them are but like ««-
Jiied or pickled niulhrooms, which, carefully cor-
reded, may be harmlefs, but can ncvc-r do good.

Taylor t Rule cf Living He!y.

Co'nditembnt. «./ [{torn conJite.'] A
compofition of conferves, powders, and
fpiccs, in the form of an eleftuary. Diil.

CONDI'TION. H.f. [ctrKlition, ft. condi-
tio, Lat.]

1. Quality ; that by which any thing is
, denominated good or bad.

A rage, whofc heat hath this ftitrfi/ion,
That nothing can allay, nothing but blood.

Shakefi^:are^i King ^oim,

t. Attribute ; accident ; property.

The king is but a man : the violet fmclU, the
element Ihews, to him ai to me : all his fenfes ha%e
but human csndxti^vu Stakcjhejrc.

It feemed to us a ccnSium and property of Divine
Powers and Beings, to be hidden and unfeen to
others. _ Bacm.

They will be able to conferve their properties
unchanged in pafling through fcveral mediums ;
which is another cmjium of the rays of light.

Kc^vtm^s Of>tich*

3. Natural quality of the mind ; temper ;
temperament ; complexion.

The child taketh moll of his nature of the
niother, bcftdes ipeech, manners, and inclinatior,
which are agreeable to the cenJitient of their mo-
thers. Spfnfcr on Jnland.

The bcft and fiundeft of his time hath been but
rafli 1 now mud we luok, from his age, to recei\e
not alone tlie imperfeflions of long engrafted ccn-
diticni, but the unruly waywardncfs tliat infirm and
chnlcrick years being with them. Skakifj-carc.

4. Moral quality ; virtue or vice.

- Jupiter is hot and moift, temperate, modeft,
hone!), adventurous, liberal, merciful, loving, and
faithful ; that is, giving thefe inclinations : and
therefore thofe ancient kings, beautified with thefe
tmJitimi, might be called thereafter Jupiter.

Kaleigh's HiJIory of the H^crU.

Socrates efpoufed Xantippe only for her extreme

ill cmjiti'-'ni, above all ci that fex. South*

5. State; external circumftances.

To us all,
That fee! the bruifes of the days before.
And fufl'er the ctoditicn of thefe times
To lay an heavy and unequal hand
Vpon our humour*. Shakefpeare't Hfnry IV,

It was nut agreeable unto the cordiritn of Para-
dife, and ftate of innocence. Brxvnt l^ufg. Err.

EDimatc the greatnefs of this mercy by S<e ccn-
ditwn it finds the fmncr in, when C«d vouchfafes
it to them. Scuib's Sirmans.

Did we perfeflly know the ftatc of our own rcn-
dii'w, and what was moft proper for us, we might
have rcafoo to conclude our prayers not heard, if
not anfwered. IVaic'i Prtfaralim.

This is'a principle adapted to every panion and
faculty of our nature, to every ftate and ccnditicn
01 our life. Rogers,

Some defponding people take the kingdom to be
ill no ciruUiifiti of encouraging fo numerous a breed
of beggars. Sivi/i-

CcnJiiKit, circumftance, is not the thing ;
Blifs is the fame in fubje^ as in king.

Pcft'i Sjf'y on Man.

6. Rank.

I am, in my enditim,
A prince, Miranda. Sbahfp. Tcmp'ji.

The king himfelf met with many entertain-
CMcts, at the charjjc of particular men, which had

CON

been rarely praflifed till then by the petfoni of the
beft candilKM. Otrmdnr.

7. Stipulation ; terms of coropaft.

Cittditibu !
What tendlfam can a treaty find
1' th' part that is at mercy ? Stitkeff. Coriilanui.

\ yield upon ccnditicrti*^V/t give none
To traitors t ftrike him down. B. Jtnfon't Catilinr.

He could not defend it above ten days, and muft
then fubmit to the woift ct>r.diu<,ti! the rebels were
like to grant to bis perfon, and to bis religion.

ClarcnJ^in.

Many are apt to believe remifliin of fins, but
they beliew it without the c.udilion of repentance.

Tayhr.

Thofe barb'rous pirates willingly receive
Cxidiiicn:, fuch as we are pleas "d to give, ff^jfkr.

Make our ccnJiiims with yon capti»t king.—
Secure me but my folitary cell;
'Tis all 1 alk him. Dry,W< Den Sehjllin.

8. The writing in wliich the terms of agree-
ment are comprifed ; compaft ; bond.

Go with me to 3 notary, feal me there
Your fingic bond ; and in a merry fport.
If you repay me not on fuch a day.
In fuch a place, fuch funi or fums as are
Exprcfs'd in the condiliiit, let the forfeit
Be nominated. Stakeffeare's Merchant of Vctiict.

To Condi'tion. t/. «. [from the ngun.]
To make terms ; to ftipulate.

It was conditioned between Saturn and Titan, that
Saturn Ihould put to death all his male children.

Raleigh's HiJIiry.
Small towns, which ftand Aijf till great (hot
Enforce them, by war's law condition not, Donne.
*Tis one thing, I muft confcfs, to condition for a
good office, and another thing to do it gratis.

L'Ejlrargr.

Condi'tionai.. adj. [from conditioti.]

1. By way of ftipulation ; not abfolute ;
made with limitations ; granted on par-
ticular terms.

For the ul'e we have his exprefs commandment,
for the cffc& h\^ conditional promife j fo thar, with-
out obedience to the one, there is of the other no
aHurance. lloolfer

Many fcriptures, tliough as to their formal terms
they are abfOlute, yet as to their fcnfe they are con-
ditional. South,

This drift neceflity they fimple call ;
Another fort there is conditicnal. Drydens Fahhs,

2. [In grammar and logick.] Expreffing
fome condition or fuppofition.

CoNDi'riONAL.n./ [from the adjcflive.]
A limitation. A word not now in ufe.

He faid, if he were fure that young man -were
king Edward's fon, he would never bear arms againli
him. This cafe fecms hard, botjj in refpefl of the
conditional, and in relpefl of the other w.irds.

Bacon's Henry VII.

Condition a'lity. n. /. [from condi-
tional.] The quality of being condi-
tional ; limitation by certain terms.

And as this clear propofal of the proniifcs may
infpirit our endeavours, fj is the conditionality moft
efficacious to neceffitate and engage them.

Decay of Piety.

Condi'tion ALLY. czdv. [from condi-
tional.] With certain limitations ; on
particular terms ; on certain ftipulations.

I here entail
The crown to thee, and to thine heirs for ever;
C^rditicnallyj that here thou take an oath
To ceafe this civil war. Shakeff>eare's Henry VI.

A falfe apprehenfion underftands that pofitively,
which was b«t cenditiotially ezprefled.

Broivni Vulgar Errturt.

We fee Urge preferments tendered to him, hut
conditionally , upon his doing wicked nffic:s ; ci>o-
fcience (hall here, accordiajj to its office, interpofc
and proteft. Smth.

C O H

CoNDi'riovARY. adj, [from nndiiivi.J
Stipulated.

Would Cod in mercy difpcnfe with it as a eoa-
diticnary, yet we could not be happy without it, 11
a natural qualification for heaven. Norrli,

Te Condi'tionate. v, a. [from condi-
tion.] To qualify ; to regulate.

That ivy arifeth but where it may be fupported^
we cannot afcribe the fame unto any fcicnce there*
in, wluch fufpends and condiiimalii its eruption.

Brtnim'i Vulgar Errourt,

Condi'tionate. adj. [from the verb.]
EAabli(hed on certain terras or condi-
tions.

That which is miHaken to be particular and
abfolute, duly underftood, is general, but eondi-
lionate ; and belongs to none who Hull not perform
the condicicji. Hammond,

Condi'tion ED. adj. [from (ondition.]
Having qualities or properties good or
bad.

The deareft friend to me, the Kindelt man,
The beft conditicn'd, Shakeff. Merch. of Venice.

To CONDO'LE. f . n. [condotto, Lat.l
To lament with thofe that are in mil-
fortune ; to exprefs concern for the mi-
ferics of others. It has luith before the
psrfon fjr whofe misfortune we profefs
grief. It is oppofed to congratulate.

Your friends would have caufe to rejoice, rather
than condole tvitb you. Tcntpie,

I congratulate with the beafts upon this honour
done to their king; and mud condile ■with us poor
mortals, who are rendered incapable of paying
our refpefts. Addifoit,

To Con do'le. i;. a. To bewail with an-
other.

I come not, Sampfon, to condole thy chance.
As thefe perhaps ; yet wilh it had not been,
Though tor no friendly intent. Milton s jigonifits.
Why (hould our poet petition Ifis for her fafe
delivery, and afterwards Cjnd-.li her mifcarriage }

Dryden.
Con do'le ME NT. ». /. [from condole,]
Grief; forrow; mourning.

To perfevcre
In obftinate andolement, is a courfe
Of impious ftubbornefs, unmanly grief.

Shakeff earc' s Hamlet.

Condo'lencb. n./. \condolance, Fr.] The

cxpreflion of grief for the forrows of

another ; the civilities and meflages of

friends upon any lofs or misfortune.

The reader will eicufc this digrefTion, due by
way of condolence to my worthy brethren. Arhuth.

Condo'ler. n. f. [from condole.] One
that joins in lamentation for the misfor-
tunes of another.

Condon a'tion. n. f. [condonatio, Lat.]
A pardoning ; a forgiving. Z);V7.

To CONDU'CE. v. n. {conduco, Lat.] To
promote an end ; to contribute ; to ferve
to fome purpofe : followed by to.

The boring of holes in that kind of wood, and
then laying it abroad, feemcth to nnduce to make
it ihine. Bacon.

The means and preparations that may conduce
unto the entcrpriee. Bacon's Holy IVar.

Every man does love or hate things, according
as he apprehends them to conduct to this end, or to
contradifl it. Tilht/en,

They may conduce to farther difcoveries for com-
pleting the theory of light. Nrtvton,

To CoNDu'cE. t'. a. To conduft ; to
accompany, in order to fhew the way.
In this fenfe I have only found it in the
following pafi'age.

He «us fent tc ar.duce hither the princcfs Hen-
rietta Maria, fVctien,

CONI)v'-«

CON

CoNDu'ciBLE. adj. [ccnJueiiilis, Latin.]
Having the power of conducing ; hav-
ing a tendency to promote or forward :
with to.

To both, the medium which is molt propitious
and CQ^ducihlej is air. Bacon^i Natural Hijiiry,
Tnol*e motions of generations and corruptions,
and of the conducibhs tbereurttst are wifeiy and ad-
mirably ordered and contemporaCed by the re£lor
of all things. Bdlr.

None of thcfe magnctlcal experiments are fuffi-
cicnt for a perpetual motion, though thofe kind of
qualities feem moA carduahl! uxta it.

mk'mt't Ma'h^niatical Magi:k.
Our Saviour hath enjoined us a rcafonable I'er-
»ice: all his U\»s are in iiKmic\\ei cmducibli to
the temporal iaterell of them that obfervc them.

■Bmtley.
COKDU'CIBLENESS. n. /. [flOm COxduci-

ilf.] Thequ.ility of contributing to any
end. Did.

CoNDu'ciVE. adj. [ftom (onduce.'\ That
which may contribute ; having the power

. of forwarding or promoting: with/s.

An a^ion, however conducive to the good of
our country, will be reprefented as prejudicial to
*t» Addifon^s Freebuldir.

Thofe proportions of the good t!)ings of this life,
which are moft confident with the inteteili of the
Ibul, are alio moft ccndmcrae to ourprefest felicity.

Rcgert.

Con Di;'ciVE NESS. »./ [fTomcntdiici've.]
The quality of conducing.

I mention fomc examples of the anducivenrfs of
th;; fmallncfs of a body's parts to its fluidity. Bsy/t.

CO'NDUCT. ». / [conduit, Fr. «« and
JuSuj, Lit.]

1. Management; economy.

_ Young men, in the ccaduH and manage of ac-
tions, embrace more than they can hold, ilir more
than they can quiet, and fly to the end without
eonfideration of the means. Baccn,

How void «f reafon are our hopes and fears !
What in the conduB of our life appears
So well defign'd, fo lucidly begun.
But when we have our wiA, we wi/h undone ?

. _ Dryderi'i Juvtval.

2. The aft of leading troops ; the duty of
a general.

C(.nduf} of armies is a prince's ait. IKi/ier.

3. Convoy; efcorte; guard.

His majefty,
Tend'ring ray perfon's fafety, hath appointed
This condulf to convey me to the Tower.

i;balijfiarc'i RictjrJ lU.

I was afhamed to a/k the king footmen and

horfemen, and cendu{I for fafeguard againft cut

adverfaries. _ i E/drai.

4. The afl of convoying or guarding.

Some three or four of you,
Co, give him courtecoi cotidiill to this place.

Sbakejpeate.

5. A warrant by which a convoy is ap-
pointed, or fafety is affured.

6. Exaft behaviour ; regular life.

Though all regard lor reputation is not quite
laid aCde, it is fo iow, that very few think virtue
and cinduSi of abfolnte cectflity for preferring it.

To CoKDv CT. v. a. [conduire, French.]

1. To lead; to di reft; to accompany, in
order to ihew tJie way.

I (hall llralt ccnduil you to a hill fide, where J
will point you out the right path.

. Mi/tcn cit Educathn.

O may thy pow'r, propitious ftiU to me,
Cndufl my fteps to find the fatal tree.
In this deep fortift ! Drydrnt jp.mid.

2. To ulher, and to attend in civility.

Fray receive them nobly, and cndja them
XAt* our prefeacn Sbjitfffrt'i lUnrj VIII.

CON

Afcanius bids them be cendudid in,

Dtjdcn't Mnt\d.

3. To manage ; as, to conduft a;t affair.

4. To head an army ; to lead and order
troops.

CoNDucTi'Tiot;s. adj. [conduailius , La-
tin.] Hired; employed for wages.

The perfons were neither titularies nor perpetual
curates, butintirely«»</(irt;.';Mj, and removable at
Plesfu'c- Jiyl'ffi.

CoNou'cTOR. n.f. [from cendua.]

1. A leader; one who ihews another thei
way by accompanying him.

Shame of change, and tear of future ill j
And zeal, the blind anduaar of the will. Dryden.

2. A chiefs a general.

Who is unduflcr of his people ?—
As 'tis faid, the bafta. J fon of Glo'fter.

SbaieJ'^earts King Ltar.

3. A manager ; a direilor.

If he did not intiiely ptojift the union anil
regency, none will deny him to have been the chict
condulicr in both. A-tdifov.

4. An inftrument to put up into the blad-
der, to direft the knitie in cutting for
the ftone. ^Incy.

CONDU'CTRESS. n.f. [ftom coiiduil.] A

woman that diredls ; direftrefs.
Co'nduit. n.f. [conduit, French.]

1. A canal of pipes for the conveyance of
waters ; an aqueduft.

Water, in conduit pipes, can rife no higher
Than the well h«aJ from whence it fiilt doth
fprinS' Vavics.

Ths face of mine is hid
In fap confuming winter's drizzled fnow.
And all the conduits of mj blood froze up. Sbai.
1 God is the fountain of honour; and the con-

duit, by which he conveys it to the fons of men,
are virtuous and generous practices. South.

Thefe organs are the nerves which are the con-
diiits to convey them from without to their au.
dience in the brain. Lode.

Wife nature likcwife, they fuppofe.
Has diawri two conduits down our nofe. Prior.

2. The pipe or cocic at which water is
drawn.

I charge and command, that the conduit run
nothing tjut claret wine. SbakeJ'f care's henry VI.

Co K D u p L I c a't I O N , ». /. [cotiduplicatio,
Latin.] A doubling ; a duplicate.

Cone. n.f. [»ii©.. Ta Kitja fiio-n xtV.A©-
W'i. Jrijioiie.] A folid body, of which
the bale is a circle, and which ends
in a point.

Co'ney. See Conv.

To CONFA'UULAT E. 1: n. {confahch,
Lat.] To talk eafily or carelefsly toge-
ther ; to chat ; to prattle.

Conpabi/La'tion. n. y; [confabulatic,
Lat.] Eafy convtrfation ; cheerful and
carclefs talk.

Confa'bula'tory. adj. [from confabu-
late.] Belonging to talk or prattle.

Confarrea'tiok. n. /. {confarrec.lio,
Lat. from/rtr, corn.] The folemniza-
tion of marriage by eating bread toge-
ther.

By tie ancient laws of RoiBulnS, the wife was
by corfirrcaiion joined to the hulband. •'

_ AyMc'.sParcrn^n.

To CO'NFECT. -v. a. [<-o«/.//*/,' Latin.]
To make up into fweetmtats ; to pre-
ferve with fogar. it feemi'riow corrupted
vMa comfit , ,j

Co'npect. n.f. [from the veib.} j^
lweetme»t. .; tlu •,; ,\ .-, ,

I

CON

At fuppcr eat a pippin roaOcJ, and fweetened
wit}i fugar of rofes and carraway confc&s.

' Harvey on Confumptiont.

Cokfe'ction. n.f. {confcltio, Latin.]

1. A preparation of fruit, or juice of fruit,
with fugar ; a Aveetmeat.

Hafl thou not learn'd me to preferve .' yea fo,
That our great king himfelf doth woo me oft
For my confeSlions ? . Sbakefpcare' s Cymbeline.

They have in Turky and the Ball certain con-
feBicr.s, which they call (crvets, which are like to
candied confcrves, and are made of fugar and le-
"""■'•s. Bacon's Natural Hijlory.

He faw him devour fi(h and flcfh, fwallow wines
and fpices, ccnfe&ions and fruits of numherleft
fweets and flavours. Addijon.

2. An aflemblageof different ingredients;
a compofition ; a mixture.

Of beft things then, what world fliajl yield «»-

. fcaion

To liken her ? Sbakefpcare.

There will be a new confi-{Iion of mould, which

perhap^ will alter the feed. Bacon's Nat. Hijl.

Confe'ctionary. n.f. [fromfc«/i<f?/o«.]

One whofe trade is to make fweetmeats.

Myfclf,
Who had the world as my confedinnitry.
The mouths, the tongues, the eyes, the hearts of

men
At duty, more than I could frame employments.

Sbakejfeare.
Confb'ctioner. n.f. [irom confeaion.]
One whofe trade is to make confeiSiottS
or fweetmeats.

Nature's eonfiHioner, the bee.
Whole fuckers are moid alchimy.
The Hill of his refining mold
Minting the garden into gold. CleaveUnd.
Confaionert make much ufe of whites of eggs.

Boyle.

Confe'der Acy. n.f. [confederation. Ft.

faedus, Latin.] A league ; a contraft by

which feveral perfons or bodies of mea

engage to fupport each other ; union ;

■ engagement ; federal compafl.

What confederacy ha-ve you with the traitors ?

SbakefpcLtre's King l^ear.

Judas fent them to 3(ome, to make a league of

amity and corfedcracy with them, i Afa«. viii. 17.

Virgil has a whole confederacy againft him, and

I muft endeavour to defend him. Brydtn.

The (riendlhips of the world are oft
Confederacies in vice, or leagues of pleafure. /Iddifon.
An avaricious man in office is in confederacy
with the whole riau of his diflrift, or depend-
ance; which, in modern tfrms of art, is called
to live and lot live. Sivift.

To CONFE'DERATE. -v. a. [confederer.
French.] To join in a league ; to unite j
to ally.
They were cunftdcrated with Charles's enemy.

KrMles.
With thcfe the Piercies them confederate,
And as three heads conjoin in one intent. Daniel.

To Confede'rate. 1;. n. To league ; ta
unite in a league.

By words men come to know one another's
minds ; by th^fc they covenant and confederate.

South.

It IS a confederating with him to whom the U-
crifice is offered. Alicrbury.

Confe'derate. adj. [from the verb.}
United in league. ' "

For they have cnnfulted tr-gethrr with one con-
lent ! they arc confederate againft thee.

Pfalm Ixxxiii. 5.
All the fwords
In Italy, and her confederate arms.
Could not have made this peace. Sbak. Corhlarut.
While the mind of m,m looketh upon fecond
caufrt fcatlered, it m.iy f imetimes reft in then,
and go no fattiierj bat when it bcholdeth the

chuio

CON

ehiln «f tliem nnftStrme and linked togellier, it
mull need fly to providence and deity. Baior,

Oh race ienftd'rali into ciimes, that prove
Triumphant o'er th' eluded rage of Jove !

Poft'i Statiui.
In a ccnftdtrau %var, it ought to be confidered
which party bai the deepeft fliare in the <juarrel.

Stv'ift,

CowrE'DBRATB. n. f. [from the verb.]
One who engages to fupport another;
an ally.

SirEdmond Courtney, and the haughty prelate,
With many more confcdcrata, are in arms.

Sbaktffiart's Richard III.
We ftitl have frefli recruitj in (lore,
If our confederala can afford us more.

Drydcn't Mm:i.
Co N F E D E R a't 1 0 N . n. f. [confederation,
French.] League; compaft of mutual
fupport ; alliance.

The three princes enter into fome ftrlQ league
and trnfida-atKB amongft themfelvcs.

■' Bacons Hmry VIl.

Nor can thofe covfederatlmi or defigns be durable,
wlieii fubjefts make bankruprof their allegiance.

KingCharics*'
y» CONFE'R- v. n. [confero, Lat. con-
ferer, French.] To difcoiirfe with ano-
'ther upon a Hated fubjeft ; to ventil.ite
any queftion by oral difcuffion ; to con-
verfe folemnly ; to talk gravely toge-
ther ; to compare fentiments.

You will hear us lonfir cf this, and by an auri-
cular affutanee have your fatisfaftion.

Sbikiffiarc 1 King Lear.
Reading makes a full man, conference a ready
man, and writing an exafl man ; and therefore, if
a man write little, he had need have a great me-
mory ; if he ccnfcr little, he had need have a pre-
■ fent wit j and, i/ he read little, he had need have
much cunnin^g, to feem to know that be doth not.

Bacon.
When they had commanded them to go afide out
, cf the council, they conferred among themfelves.

y*3j, iv. 15.
He was thought to eimfer with the Lord Cole-
j)eper upon the fubjeft ; but had fome particular
thoughts, upon whifh he then conferred with no-
body. Clarendon.

The Chriftian princefs in her tent confen
With fifty of your Icarn'd phllofophers ;
Whom with fuch eloquence (he does perfuade,
That they ate captives to her reafons made.

Dryden's Tyrannic Love.

9'o Confe'r.- v. a.

8 . To compare ; to examine by comparifon
with other things of the fame kind.

The words in the eighth vcrfe, conferred with
the fame words in the twentieth, make it manifeft.

Raleigh.

If we confer thcfe obfervations with others of the
like nature, we may find caufe to rcftify the genc-
fal opinion. Bofle.

Pliny conferring his authors, and comparing their
workl together, found thofe that went before Iran,
fcribed by thofe that followed. Smtin.

z. To give ; to bellow : with on before
him who receives the gift.

Reft to the limbs, and quiet 1 c:ifer
Cn troubled minds. H'alUr.

The confer! ing this honour ufen him would in-
treafe the credit he had. Clarendon.

Coronation to a king, confers no royal authority

ttpcn him.

_ __ Souil'.

'There is not the'lftft intimation in fcripturr
of this privilege conferred itfon the Roman church.

TiHotJtn.

Thou conferrrft the benefits, and he receives

them J the firft produces love, and the lalUngra-

titude. jtrbuthml's Hiftory of John Bull.

3. To contribute; to conduce : with /o.
The clofcnefs and compaflncfs of the parts

CON

rtfting together, doth much einfer I! the ftrfngth
of the union. CUnvil'c.

Co'nference. »./. [conference, French.]

1. The adt of converting on ferious fub-
jefls ; formal difcourle ; oral difcuflion'
of any queftion.

I /hil grow (kilful in country matterf, if I have
often conference with your fervanr. Sidney.

Sometime tliey deliver it, whom privately zeal
and piety movctli to be ir.ftruitois of others by
conference ; fometime of them it is taught, whom
the church hath called to the public, either reading
tliereof, or interpreting. tioo'ier.

What palTion hangs thefe weights upon my
tongue !
I cannot fpeak to her ; yet flie urg'd conference.

Shakeff>e^re.

2. An appointed meeting for difcuffing
fome point by perfonal debate.

3. Comparifon ; examination of different
things by comparifon of each with other.

Our diligence muft fearch out all helps and fur-
therances, which fcriptures, councils, laws, and
tfie mutual eanferenct of all men's collcftions and
obfervations, may aRx)rd. Hooker,

The conference of thefe two places, containing fo
excellent a piece of learning as this, cxpreOed by
fo worthy a wit as TuUy's was, muft needs bring
cn pisafure t» him that maketh true account of
learning. • jijcham's Scboolmajicr.

Confe'rrer. n.f. [from confer,']

1 . He that convsrfes,

2. He that bellows.

To CONFE'SS. nj. a. [confeffer, Fr. con-
fiteor, confeffum, Latin.]

1 . To acknowledge a crime ; to own a
failure.

He doth in fome fort cmfefs it.— ^If it be coa^
feffed, it is not redrelTed.

Shakefpeare' s Merry IVivei of Ifind/er.

Human faults with human grief «n/</i ;
'Tis thou art chang'd. Prior.

2. It has of before the thing confeffed,
when it is ufed reciprocally.

CoB/i/j thee freely 0/ thy fin;
For to deny each article with oath,
Cannot remove nor choke the ftrong conception.

Shakff care's Olbellc.

3. To difclofe the ftate of the confcience
to the prieft, in order to repentance and
pardon.

If our fin be only againft God, yet to confefs it
to his miailier may be of good ufc.

JVake's Prefarati'M for Death,

4. It is ufed with the reciprocal pronoun.

Our beautiful votary took the opportunity of
confcjjing herfelf to this celebrated father.

Mdifon's S;>eSlalor.

5. To hear the confeflion of a penitent, as
a priell.

6. To own ; to avow ;• to profefs ; not to
deny.

Whofijcver therefore {hall confefs me before men,
him will I confefs alfo before my Father which is in
heaven ; but whofoever (hail deny me before men,
hiiii will I alfo 8eny before my Father which is in
heaven. • Matt. x. 32, 33.

7. To grant; not to difpute.

If that the king
Have any way your good dcferts forgot.
Which lie conftfj'eih to he manifold,
Huibids you psnie your gri.cfs. ShaUffeare.

They may iiave a clear view of good, great and
confijfid ^aai, without being croctrned, if they can
make up their happinefs withoutTt. Locke.

8. To (hew ; to prove ; to atteft.

Tall thriving trees confifi'd the fniitful mold;
The redd'ning apple ripens litre to gold.

Pofe's Odyffey.

9. It is ufed in a loofe and uqimportant

CON

fenfe, by way of introduftion, or as an
affirmative form of fpcech.

I mull confefs 1 was mofl pleafed with abeautifiM
profpeS, that none of them have nieotioned.

Addijon em Italy.

To Confe'ss. v. n. To make confefGon ;

to difclofe ; to reveal ; . as, he is gene to

the priejl to confefs.
Confe'ssedly. adv. [from ccnfej^ed,^

Avowedly ; indifputably ; pndeni^bly.

Labour "is confifj'edly a great part of the curfe,
and therefore no wonder if men fty from it. South,

Great geniufes, like great minifterr, though thcjr •
are confeffidly the firft in the commonwealth of let-
ters, mull be envied and calumniated.

Pofe's EjTay on Homer.
Cokfe'ssion. n.f. [from confefs.']
X, The acknowledgment of a crime; the
difcovery of one's own guilt.

Your engaging me fi;(l in this adventure of the
Moxa, and defiring the (Inry of it from me, is like
giving one the torture, and then alking bis ctn. '
fiffr.n, which is harJ ufage. Simple,

2. The aft of difburdening the. confcience
to a priell.

You will have little opportunity fo praSife fuch
a confeffjin, and fiiould therefore fupply the want
of it by a due performance uf it to God.

Wake's P reparation fcr Death,

3. Profeflioh ; avowal.

Who, before Pontius Pilate, witnefled a good
confeffiont _ iT/ra. vi. 13.

If there be ore among.1 the fair'll of Greece,
That loves his miftrcfs more than in ccrf J:: 1,
And dare avow her beauty ard her worth
In other arms than h«rs ; to him this challengei

Shakespeare.

4. A formulary in whidi the articles of
faith are comprifed.

Confe'ssional. «. /. [French.] The
feat or box in which the confeffor fits to
hear the declarations of his penitents.

In one of the churches 1 faw a pulpit and «»-
fifftonal, very finely inlaid with lapis-lazuli.

Addtjcn oH Italy*

Confe'ssionary. n, f. [confejjionaire,

Fr.] The confeflion-chair or feat, whdre

the prieft fits to hear confeflions. Di^.

Confe'ssor. n.f. [conffffeur, French.]

1. One who makes profelfion of his faith
in the face of danger. He who dies for
religion, is a martyr; he who fuffers for
it, is a confeffor.

The doilrinc in the thirty-nine articles is U or-
thodoxly fettled, as cannot be qucftioned without
danger to our religion, which hath been fealed
with the blood of fo many martyrs and conftfj^ri.

Bacon: Advice to l''iltiers.

Was not this an excellent confeffor at lead, if
not a martyr, in this caufe ? SiiHingfltet,

The pati™ce and fortitude of a martyr or <■♦'.•-
feffir lie concealed in the flouriihing times of
Chiiftianity. Aldifins Sfcflator,

It was tiie alTurance of a rtfurrcdlion that give
patience to the conf^hr, ahd courage to the mar.
tyr. ■ Ro^irs,

2, He that hears confeffions, and prefcnbes
rules and meafures of penitence.

Sec tiiat Claudio
Be <!)tehilcd by nine to-morow morning :
Bring him his ccnfeffir,itt him be prepai'M;
For that 's the utnioll of his pilgrimagci fliihilfm

It you find any fii that lies heavy upor. you,
di/burthen yo»rfclf of it into the bofum of jeur
ccnfefpir, who (lands between God and you' to pray
for you. Taylor.

One muft be truftcd j and he thought her &t.
As pafling prudent, and a parlous wit,!
To this la>;acious eenfeffr be went.
And tol*he*. Drydtni f*^>I'^f -P"'* •

I ' 3- H«

CON

3. He who confefles his- crimes. Z)/'<.7.
Confe'st. adj. [a poetical word for coii-

/effed.'] Open ; known ; acknowledged ;

not concealed ; not difputed ; apparent.

But V ' erefbre ihould I leek.
Since the perfidious author (lands foi/t/? ?
This villain has traduc'd me. Ro'u.-c's Royjf C^rf.

Confe'stly. adv. [from confefi.'] Un-
difputably ; evidently ; without doubter
concealment.

They addrcfs to that principle which is (onf.jily
predominant in our nature. Drcay cfPuty.

CoNFi'ciENT. adj. [^conficiens, Lat.] That
caufes or procures ; effeftive. Dici.

Co'nfidant. n. /. [confident, French.]'
A perfon trufted with private affairs,
commonly with affairs of love.

Martin compofed his billet-doux, and intruftcd
it to his confJar.t. ArbuttKOi and Foft.

To CONFI'DE. v. n. [confide. Latin.] To,
trilft in ; to put trult in.
He aloiie won't betray, in whom none will cc>i~
fidi. Covgrci'C,

Co'nfidence. n.f. [nrifidenlia, Latin.]

1. Firm belief of another's integrity or
veracity ; reliance.

Society is built upon cnift, and truft apon confi-
dcrtct of one another's integrity. South.

2. Trull in his own abilities or fortune ;
fecuritj-: oppoTedto ^eilion or timidity,

AUs, my lord,

Your wifHom is confum'd in ecnjijmtt s

Do not go forth to day. Shulcffi.yjiius Cafar.

His times being rather profperous than calm,

.bad raifcd his cmfidenct by fuccefs. Bac. Htt.Vll.

He had an ambition and vanity, and a conf.derct

in bimfelf, which fometimes intoxicated, and rranf-

portcd, and expofed him. Clartudoti.

3. Vitious boldnefs ; falfe opinion of his
own excellencies : oppofed to modtfty.

Thefe fervent rtprehenders of things cftabliOied
ky publick authority, are alwayi confident and
bold-fpirited men ; but their ccnfidtnce. for the
mod part, rifcth from too much credit given to
their own wits, for vrhich caufe they arc feldom
free from errors, Hooter, Dtdirathn.

4. Confcioufnefs of innocence; honefl bold-
nefs ; firmnefs of integrity.

Beloved, if our heart condemn us not, then have
we C'jnfidentt towards God. i "Jobn, iii. ii.

Be merciful unto them which have not the con-
fdcfice of good works. i Efd. viii, 36.

Juft eonfdtnce, and native rightcoufnefs.
And honour. Mi/rcn't Farad'ift LoJI.

5. That which gives or caufes confidence,
boldnefs, or fecurity.

Co'nfident. adj. [from confide. ]
I . AfTured beyond donbt.

He it fo furc and totifidcnt of his particular elec-
tion, as to refolve he can never fall.

Hammord en FunJamertalt.

T am conjld/nt, that very much may be done

towards the improvement of philofophy. Boyle.

z. Pofitive; affirmative J dogmatical: as,
a confident talker.

3. Secure of fuccefs ; without fear of mif-
carriage.

Both valiant, as men dcfpifirg death ; both
confident, as unwonted to be overcome. Sidney,

Douglas and the Hotfpur, both together,
Are covfidint agaioft the world in arms.

Steiefftare'i Henry IV.
Be not cir.fident in a jilain way. Erel. xxxii. 21.
People forget how little they know, wlien they
grow confident upon any prefcnt ftate of things.

Siutb.

4. Without fufpicion } Uuftjng without
limitj.

Vol. I.

.C O N

He, true knight,
No lefl'er of her honour ncnfidcul,
Than I did truly find her, lUkcs this ring.

Shakejfeart't CymlJine.
Rome, be as juft and gracious unto me.
As 1 am cosfidexttDi kind to thee.

' Sbjl'ef^care's Titus Aidromcus,

5. Bold to a vice; elated- with falfe opi-
nion of his owu excellencies ; impudent.
Co'nfident. n.f. [fiom co/ifide.] One
trufled -with fecrets.

If ever it comco to this, that a man can fay of
his confidiiit, he would have deceived rae, be has
faid enough. South.

You love me for no other end,
But to become my cirf.deni and friend ;
As fuch, I keep no fecret from your fight.

Dryden's jlurengau-ie.

Co'nfidently. ad-v. [from cotifident.]

1 . Without doubt ; without fear of mif-
carriage. j

We (hall not be ever the left likely to meet)
with ductk, if we do not expert it too confidently.'

jitteriury,

2. With firm truft.

The maid becomes a youth ; no more delay
Vour vows, but look, and terfidently pay. Drydcn.

3. Without appearance of doubt ; without
fufpefting any failure or deficiency ;i
poiitively ; dogmatically.

Many men lead of all know what they thcm-
felves raoft confidently boaft. Ben Jonfin.

It is ftrange how the ancients took up experi-
ments upon credit, and yet did build great matters
upon them : the obfervation of fomc of the belV
of them, delivered canfidentfy, is, that a veljcl filled!
with afhes will receive the like quantity of water aq
if it had been empty ; this is utterly untrue. Bacon,

Every fool may believe, and pronounce confi.
der.tly } but wife men will conclude firmly. SoKlb.

Co'NriDENTNEss. n.f. [from confide/!t,1^
Favourable opinion of one's own pow-i
ers ; affurance. JD/<ff.

Co N F I c V R a't 1 0 N . n. /. [configuratioti,
French,]

1. The form of the various parts of any
thing, as they are adapted to each other.

The difTerent efi'e^is of fire and water, which
we call heat and cold, refult from the fo difTering
configuration and agitation of their particles.

Glan-vMe^s Scepfis.

Ko other account can be given of the different
animal fcctetions, than the dificrent configuration
and aftion of the iVlid parts. Arhuttnct onMmcntt.

There is no plaftick virtue concerned ia (haping
them, but the configurations of the particles whereof
they conlift. ff^ood'WJrd.

2. The face of the horofcope, according to
the afpefls of the planets towards each
other at any time.

To Confi'gure. f. a. [from figura, La-
tin.] To difpofe into any form, by
adaptation.

Mother earth brought forth legs, arms, and
other members of the body, fcattered and diftinft,
at their full growth ; which coming together, ce-
menting, and l^ configuring themfclves into human
(hapc, made Ixfty men. BentUy'% Sermoni.

CO'NFINE. ,,./. [co^fnis, Lat. It had
formerly the accent on the lall fyllable. j
Common boundary ; border; edge.

Here in thrfi- confine! Ilily have 1 lurk'd.
To watch the wainiiig of mine incmiei. ,

Sltelnj'fearr's Ritbird UI.
Youaieolu:
Nature in you ftands on the vcty verge
Of her confine. Sijhrfpeare^i A'i/J^ LfOr,

The confines of the river Niger, whcrc the ne-
gr«c» are, «T« well wJtCfW. Bacin,

CON

'Twii ebbing darknefs. paft rfie noon of night.
And PhoJphor on the corfincs of the lii,ht.

Dryden's Failes.

The idea of duration, equal to a revolution of
the fun, is applicable to duration, where no motion
vCas ; as the idea of a foot, taken from bodies here,
to dillances beyond the confines of the world, whcie
are no bodies. Lirte.

Co'nfine. adj, [confinis, Latin.] Border-
ing upon ; beginning where the other
ends ; having one common boundary.
To Confi'ke. ti, n. To border upon ;• to
touch on different territories, or regi-
ons : it has ".uith or on.

Half loft, I feek
What readleft path leads where your gloomy bounds
Cor/Titi wi(i heav'n. Miltcn's I'aradife Loft, '

Full in the midft of this created fpace,
Betwixt heav'n, earth, and ikies, there ftands a

place
Confining on all three. Dryden.

To Confi'ne. v,a. [coiifiner, Fr. confinis,

Latin.]
I. To bound ; to limit: as, he confrtes his

fubjefb by a rigorous definition.
z. To (hut up ; to imprifon ; to immure ;

to reftrain within certain limits.

I'll not over the threlhold.— ~-
— — Fy, you confine yourl'elf inoft unrcafonably :
come, you muft go vifit the good lady.

Sbakeff care's Coriolanus.
I had been
As broad and gen'ra! as tl e caling air
But now I'm cabbin'd, ctibb'd, covfin'd, bound in.

Sbakfjfeare*

3. To reftrain ; to tie up to.

Children, permitted the freedom of both ■hanijs,
do oft times confine unto the left, and are not with-
out great difficulty reftrained from it.

Broiun's Vulgar Errours,
Make one man's fancies, or failings,. «/yf;;;i^
laws to others, and convey them as I'uch to their
fucceeders. Boyle,

Where honour or vyhere confcienc* iloes not
bind.
No other tic (Iiall (hackle me;
Slave to myfelf I vriJl not be j
Nor Ihall my future! anions be canfind

By my own prefcnt mind. Coivley,

If the gout continue, I confine myfelf wholly to
the milk diet. _ Teinjile.

He is to fo»/fre-himfelf to the compafs of num-
bers, and the (lavery of rliirnc. Dryden.

CoNFi'NELESs.a<j)'. [from corifine,] Bound-
lefs ; unlimited ; unbounded ; without

end.

Eftcem him as a latr.b, b*ing compar'd
V, ith my confinelefs harms. Hhaheff care's Marbeth.

Confinement, n.f. [from f«;j/f/i,?.] Im-
prifonraent ; incarceration ; reftraint of
liberty.

Our hidden foes
Now joyful from their long confinement rofc.

Dryden's f^rgif.
The mind hateS reftraint, and is apt to fancy
itfelf under confinemcni when the light is pent up.

jtddifin.
As to the nuraben who are under reftraint,
people do not fcem fo much furprifed at the con-
finement of fome, as the liberty of others, /idd'don,
Confi'ner. n, /. [hom confine.']

1. A borderer; one that lives upon con-
fines ; one that inhabits the extreme

, ,'parts of a country.

The fenatc hath li'vct'i up the corfincrs.

^ &baltejpeai e' s Cymhelitth

Happy confiners you of other lands,
Thit (hift your foil. DanieTs Civil ffar,

2. A near neighbour.

Though gladnefs and giief be oppofite in na-
ture, jct they ate fuch ncighbouij aiid owners in
3 C art.

CON

art, th»t Ae le»ft touch of a peneil Vill tranflare »
crying into a Uughirg lace. _ H^otiin.

3. One whkh touches upon two difFercnt

regions.

The participles or (on/inert between plants and

living creatures are fuch as have no local motion ;

fuch as oyfters. Bacov.

Confi'kity. ». /. [««/'.-//«/, Latin.]

Nearncfc ; neighbourhood ; contiguity.

DiiJ.
To CONFI'RM. V. a. \(onf.rmi>, Latin.]

1. To j)ut paft doubt by new evidence.

The tellimony of Cbrift was cmjirmtd in you.

I Ccr» i. 6.
So was Ks will
Pronounc'd among the gods, and by an oath,
Which (hook heav'n's whole circumference, un-
firm-d. Muton,

Whilrt all the ftars that round her bum.
And all tlic planets in their turn.
Confirm iui tidings as they roll,
And tf read the truth from pole to pole.

2. To fettle ; to eftablifli either perfons or
things.

I confirm thee in the high priefthood, and ap

point thee ruler. • Mac. xi. 57.

Confirm the crown to roe and to mine heirs.

Shakeff.Hcn.Vl.

3. To fix ; to radicate.

F-.inelius never cured a confirmed pox without it.

H^ifiman.

4. To complete; to perfeft.

Kc ^'r;*/ uvd i)ut till be was a man ;
The which no fooner had his prowefs ccrfirm'd, '
But !ite a man he died. ShAeJftan'i Mrchiath.

5. To ftiengthen by new folennnities or
ties.

That treaty, fo prejudicial, ought to have been
remitted rather than confirmed. _ Swi/V.

%. To fettle or ftrengthen in refolution, or
purpofe, or opinion.

Cjnfrmd then I rcfolve,

Adam Ihall (hare with me in blifs or woe. Miltm.

They 11. iheir ftaie though firm, ftood more cot-

firm-d. Milton.

Believe and be nnfrm'd. Mi/lon-

f. To admit to the full privileges of a
Chiiftian, by impofition of hands.

Thofe which are thus confirmed, arc thereby
fuppofed to be fit for admiffion to the (acrament.
Hammond^) Fundaminrals.
CoNFi'RMABLE.c^i/. [from Confirm.] That
which is capable of inconteftible evi-
dence.

It may receive a fpurious iranate, at is eonjtrm-
cble oy ma y exan-.p!es. Brotvn t Vulvar Rrroun.
Confiima'tion. n.f. [from ce»/fr»i.]

1. The aft of eftablilhing any thing or
perfon ; fettlement ; eftablifhment.

Em b ace and love this roan.
" .. With brother's love 1 do it.—
And let hcav'n
Witnefj how dear 1 hcW this covfirmatiini

Sttkijptare' I i/fflry VUI.

2. Evidence by which any thing is afcer-
tained ; additional proof.

A lalfe report hath
Honour'd v'lflacinfirmauott your great judgment.

Shakijfeare.
The fea-captalns anfwered, that they would per-
form his command J and, in anfirmatini thereof,
promifed not tO do any thing which bcfecmed not
latiantmen. ^ _ KnolUt'i Hjficry.

3. Proof} convincing teftimony.

Wanting frequent tcrfirmaika in a matter fo
tonfiimable, their aiBrmation carricth but flow
perfuafion. Brnon.

Thr arguments brou|ht by Chrift for the ccn.
trm.uian of hi* defUioc, were in themfclvcs fuffi-
citnt. ^»'"^-

CON

J.. An eccfeiiaftical rite.

What is prepared for in catechifing, is, in the
next place, per formed by confirmalUn ; a moft pro-
fitable ufage of the church, tranfcribed from the
praSice of the apoftles, which confifts in two parts :
the child's undertaking, in his own name, every
part of the baptifmal vow (having firft approv:d
htmfelf to underftand it) ; and to that porpofe,
that he may more folemnly enter this obligation,
bringing fome godfather with him, not now (as in
baptifm) as his procurator to undertake for him,
but as a witnefs to tclVify his entering this obliga-
tion, Hammond at Fandatnenti'Js.

Confirma'tor. n, /. [from tovjirmo,
Latin.] An attefter ; he that puts a
matter paft doubt.

There wants herein the dcfinidve nnfirmator,
and teft of things uncertain, the fenfe of man.

Brmvn's Vulgar Emurs,

Confi'rmatory. adj. [from coiifirm.]
Giving additional tellimony ; ellabiilh-
ing with new force.

Confi'rmedn£3s. n.f. [from coHfirmd.]
Confirmed ftate ; radication.

If the difficulty arile from the confirmednefs of
habit, every reliltancc weakens the habit, abates
the difficulty. Decay of Piciy.

Gonfi'rmer. nf. [from confirm.l One
that confirms ; one that produces evi-
dence or ftrength ; an attefter ; an efta-
blifher.

Be tliefe fad fighs confrmen of thy words ?
Then fpeak again. Shakijfeare' t King John.

The oath of a lover is no ftronger than the word
of a tapfter : they are both the confirmers of f Jife
reckonings. Shakejfeare.

Cokfi'scable.<j^. [fiom ce«J!/cate.] Li-
able to forfeiture.

To CONFI'SC ATE. -v. a. [confifcare, con-
fifquer, i. e. in publicum addicere ; from
fifcus, which originally fignifieth a ham-
per, pannier, bafket, or freil ; but me-
tonymically the emperor's treafure, be-
caufe it was anciently kept in fuch ham-
pers. Ccaw//.] To transfer private pro-
perty to the prince or publick, by way
of penalty for an offence.

It was judged th;U he (hould be banilhed, and
his whole ellate confiscated and feiaed, and his
houfes pulicJ down. Macon.

Whatever fifli the vulgar fry excel,
Belong to Caefar, v.hercfoe'er they fwim,
By thiir own worth confijcated to him.

Dry den s Juvenal.

CoNFi'scATE. adj. [ from the verb.]
Transferred to the publick as forfeit.
The accent in Sbakejpeare is on the firft
fyllable.

Thy lands and goods
Are, by the laws of Venice, confij'cate
Unto the rtatc of Venice. Stat. Merch. of Venice.

Confisca'tjon. n.f. [from confifcate.']
The aft of transferring the forfeited
goods of criminals to publick ul'e.

It was in every man's eye, what great forfei-
tures and cinffcaiUni he had at that prcfcnt to help
himfelf. Baeon'i Henry VU.

Co'nfitekt. »./. [conjitins, Lat.] One
confeffing ; one who confefTes his faults.

A wide difi'erence there is between a meer con-
/«Kr and a true penitent. Decay cf Piety ,

Co'nfiture. n.f. [French; from con-
feSura, Lat.] A fweetmeat ; a confec-
tion ; a comfit.

It is certain, thjt there be fome houfcs wherein
confiturti and f iei wiB galh«r inuitld more titan in

others.

CON

We contiin 1 corfiture houfc, wbeic we make aM

fweetmeats, dry and moift^ and divers pleafant

wines. Bjitn,

TaCoNFi'x. ■v. a. [configo, coHfixum, Li-

tiu.] To fix down ; to faften.

As this is uue.
Let me in fafety raife me from my knees ;-.
Or elfe for ever be anfxrd here,
A m»rble moomnent! Sbak. Meafurefir Meafure,

Con fla'c RANT. ad/, [conftagrans, Lat.]-
Burning together; involved in a gene-
ral fire.

Then raife
From the eanfagrant mafs; purg'd and re6n'd,
New heav'ns, new earth. MiltoM'i Paradife L^,

Conflacra'tio.n. n, /, f conjlagratio,
Latin.]

1. A general fire fpreading over a large
fpace.

The opinion derlveth the complexion inm tUa
deviation of the fun, and the con^agration of all-
things under Phaeton. BrovnCi Vulgar £rr:>urs-'

Next o'er the plains, where ripea'd barvefta
grow,
The running anfiagratitm fpreads below.

Addif'.n't Ovid,

MankiiKl hath had a giaduafincreafe, notwith-
ftanding what flools and ccfijiagrjtii>nsj rrd the
religious profelfion of celibacy, may havi. inter-
rupted. BentUys Sermcns,.

2. It is generally taken for the fire which
{hall confume.this world at the confum-
mation of tilings.

Confla'tion. n./. [confatum, Latin.]

1 . The acl of blowing many inltruments
together.

The iweeteft harmony is, when every part or
inArument 'is not beard by itfelf, but a ccnjiaiim of
them all. Bacon,

2. A cafting or melting of metal.
Confle'xure. n.J. [fffff/fcAKra, Latin.]

A bending or turning.
To CONiLl'Cr. -v.n [covfligo, Lat.]
To ftrive ; to contcil ; to fight ; to
ftriiggle ; to couteud ; to encounter ; to
engage : properly by ftriking againft
one another.

Bare unhoufed trunks,
To the con^ifling elements expos'd,
Anfwer meer nature. Si,jte/feeire's timvi.

You Ihall hear under the earth a hirrible tliun-
dering of fire and water conjli^ing together.

Bacon't Natural Hifiory,

A man would be content to ftrive with himfelf,

and conjliS with great difficulties, in hopes of a

mighty reward. Tilhtjonm

Lalh'd into foam, the fierce Cjnflifling brine
Seems o'er a thoufand raging waves to burn.

TiioB/is.

Co'wflict. ir./. \confli3tis, Latin.]

1 . A violent coUifion, or oppofition, of two
fubftances.

Pour dephlcgmed fpirit of vinegar upon fait of
tartar, and there v.ill be fuch a anf.ili or cbuUi-
tion, as if there were fcarcc two more contrary
bodies in nature. Boyle.

2. A combat ; a fight between two. It is
feldom ufed of a general battle.

The lucklefs confliU with the giant ftout,
Wherein captiv'd, cf lif: or death be Aood in
doubt. Spenjer,

It is my father's face.
Whom in this coirfiill 1 unawareji have kiU'd.

Sbaktfpeare,

3. Comcft ; ftrife ; contention.

There is a kind of merry war betwixt fignior

Benedick and her : they never meet but there 's a

iklrmilh of wit between them. — Alas! he gets

nothing by that. In our bft cenftiSI, four of his

Bactn. five wits went tilting ilf. Shakefpeare^

4. Struggle;

CON

+• Struggle; agony; pang.

No alFurance touching viftorics can make pre-
fait f5)i^;3i fo fwfset and ea/y, but nature will
ihrirkfrtrr tr.err. Hxhr.

^' ^ gJTat cbacgr, with what la-

bour an>. - ' he accomplifli it ! R'.^ni.

He perceiv'd
Th'-nneijui! confiia then, as angels look
Chj dying faints. Tb^mfitCs Semmer.

Co'kflcence. «./ \^conjluo, Latin.]
i . The janflion or uni«n of feveral llreams.

HtJinrod, who ufurpej dominion over the re:t,

/it : A-! in the very ctmfiuinct of ali thole rivers

■iKi Paradife. Rjldzb's Hf..cf:ttW'^;d.

\s faenrith tht c^aaxt of Tigris and

Eitirites. Brtreaxud m Largusget.

•» tl*' «Ji>S insmmtrable little rivntets ha-.-e
*■" ' ' -ato the great vein, thecommor.

ch_ .loofl. £«,%.

2. 1 :. . „. crowding to a place.

Vo« fee this arjiatnce, this great flood of vifi-

«»"• ShaMftari.

Some come to make meny, becaufe of the can-

fume of all loru. Bacen.

Vou had foaad by cxpenence the trouble of all

meo't cmfauicc, ana for all matters to your&lf.

Bjcon fs l^iXurt.

A coocourfe ; a muldtode crowded jnto

C O I^

The Gentnei were not m^ anfmrnUe ■anti t
ofClrift' '" wu to ceafe at the coming [

CON

one place.

This will draw a nrfaact of people from all
parts of the country. TantU.

4. CoUedtion'; concurrence.

Wc r.-.jv there be iniinided hour to rate all
g« - "It «i;i concentre into tiie teiicity

we : hich ihall be made uv of the nn-

fuat,:, ,-c.-r:t:ijc, and perpetuity of ail true joys.

CCmPLUENT. adj. {cenJlHens, Latin/)
Running one into another ; meeting.

At length, &> make their vario-js currents one,
The congregated floods together run :
Thefe conjliitnt ftreams make fome great river's

head,
Byftores ftill melting and defcendiag fed,

Co KFLOX. It./, [nnfiuxia, Latin.]

1, The anion of feveral currents; con-
courfc.

Knots, by the nrf.ux of meeting fap,
InfeS the found pine ^nd dive.t his grain. Shai.

2. Crowd; mulritade coTleftfd.

He (juiclcly, by the general cr'f-jx and con-
cou-fe of the whole peopir, ftrci^hter'' "^
ten.

To die gates caft ronnd thine eye, ^ -
What.-wyiM .ffijrngfbrth, orentVinp m. Afiiin.

CoNFo RM. aJj..[ca.iform;j, Latin.] M'.

fuming the lame .«brm ; wearing Uie

fame ibrra ; reicmbling.

_ Variety of tunes djth Jilp >fe the fpirlts to »a.

nety of pa4ionsrMi/lnn Bnte diena.
_^ B.ucx'i Sjrarai H'Jl^rv

To CONFCTRM. ,.. a. [co.f^rmo. uL ]

To reduce to the like appearance, fhapc,

or manner, with fomething el;"e : with

Then fntloKred that moft natural eBefl of <•«.

/,-irm,o- ■ , '• -which Ihe did like. Si,/™^.

'!■ "T" the Cliriftians, ai

?""''■' : n^ to the pattern of the

Deniand of them wherefore they cnf^ a,^l
themfclvei m;. the order of the churc h ? Hc-Jtr.
T-> Confo'rm. -v. n. To comply with :
to > jeld : with to.

„- Amonsmaokiud/o few there are,
Vr bo wilK «,/,„ „ philofophitk fare. Dr^J. Ju-v
.COKFORMASLE. aJj. {hom confo,m.\
\. Having the fame form ; ufing the fame
manners; agreeing either in exterior or
moral charaflers; iirailar; relembling.

5-

ofChrift. u .

, , , Meaner,

z. It has commonly to before that with
which there is agreement.

He gives a reafon icrfcrmaiU to the principles.
o - ^huthnct,

3. Sometimes 'with, not iinproperly ; but
to is tiled with the verb.

The fragments of Sappho give ns a tafte of her
way of writmg, perteelly cnfcrguble viith that
charafier we find of her. jtUifo.; &p.aa,,r.

4. Agreeable ; fuitable .• not oppofite •
confiilent. '

Nature is very coa&nant iaionfirw.alle ,0 her-

I be produOions 0/ a great genias, with many
lapfcs, are preterable to the works of an inferiour
author, fcrupuloully eiafl, and cc^-.rviahU so all
the rules of correft wiiting. MJisn.

Compliant ; ready to follow direftions ;
fubmjffive ; peaceable ; obfequioire.

I've been to you a true and humble viife.
At aU time to yoor will tcnfurmakU,

For all the kingdoms of the earth to yield
themfclves wUlingly c«/r«ui,V, in whauvcr iVould
be required, it was their duty. ' u^t^r

Such dehifions are reformed by a cttfirnmbic
dcvooon, and the well-tempered aeol of the true
Chr,«ua fpirit. 5

CONFORMABLY. aJv. [from csii/oraatleA
With conformity ; agreeably'; fuitably •
It has ti. y

So a man obferre the agreement of his own
imagmationi, and talk unfarmahly, it is all cer
• taiaty. . . j^.

I have treated of the fex nmformablj ft, this defil

Ccnforma'tion. -./[French; c>h'Z'.
matio, Lat.]

The form of things, as relating to each
other ; the particular texture and coii-
fiftence of the parts of a body, anddieir
difpofition to make a whole : as. Ugbt tf
aijatiit colours u Ttji,a<dfrcm bodiu, ac-
cording to thtir different conformation.

Varieties a,e found in the different natural
Oiapcj or the mouth, and feveral cfirmatkr, of

Wh'-'c there hippens to be fuch a flruQuie and

^"•h, as that the fire may pafj

...jcle,, it then readily ijct. out.

H'v'^icard', Kj!:,ral HUUri.

1 he acl of producing fuitablenefs, or
conformity, to any thing : with to. '

Virtue and vi^e, fi„ a„a bolinefj, and tlie r«-
Jtrmmtnn of our hearts and lues rt the duties of
Que religion arU m.^rality, are thing's of more
confoquence than the farnifure of undcritanJing.

CON-FO RMtsT. n.f. [from conform.] One
that complies wijh the worlhip of the
church oi England ; not a diileater.

They «ere not' bbth nbnconformias, n,it';:c.-

Conformity, n.f. [from conform. ^
I. binuluude; refemblance ; the Hate of
having the lime charafter of manners
or form.

Bj the knowledge of truth, and exercife of vir-
tue, nian, amongtt the crea^Jte3 of thii world,
alpir.sth to the gteatell re»/"»TBi/ji with God.

, , llf«krr.

_ Judge not what is beft

By p^afure, though to nature fc-niirg meift 5
Created as thu art to mbl-r ;nd,

,«,/ ' '' (''ffcrmitj m

fimplc idtJs. ^

I.

IZ

This metaphor would Sot have been fo «.-.era!
h.d there not been a rc«>^ between the mental
tafte and the fenfitive ta«e. MJif^^'s Sfta^ur.

2. It has in fome authors tvit/l) before the
model to which the conformity is made.

The end of all religisn is but to draw us to
a c^f:rm,ty iiitb God. Decay ofPktv.

3. In fome to. ■' ■> J
We cannot be otherwU: happy frat by onr cm.

/.m,«/.God. Tdlcfin.

Cz„f,rm.ty in building tn other civil nations, hath
difpoled us to let Qur old wooden dark hoqfes fall
to decay. q

4. Coofifteney.

Many inrtmces prove the conformitj of the eflV*
«tfi the noooas of Hippocrates.

CoNFORTA TiON. n. /. [from ccrforto, 3
low Latm word.] Collation of nrength :
corroboration.

For corroboration ind corfcrtai-m, take fuch
bodies as are of aftrinsent quality, without mani.
(eaccld. I Bac^:, Natural mil,rf.

To CONFCrUND. „. a. [confondr,. Fr.

confunJo, Lat.]
I. To mingle things fo that their feveral

forms or natures cannot be dil'cerned.

Let us go down, and there covhurj their Un,
guage, that they may not underftand oneanother-j

Ipeech. »,

Two planets rufhing from afoeS malign,
0» 8crceft oppoCtion, in mid (ky
Should combat, aaAthdrjarting fpheres rar/m,/.

' — , ., ■ MOtm.

1.2. To perplex; to compare or mentito
without due diftinftion.

A fluid body and a wetting liqoor are wo»t,
becaufe they agree in many things, to be r«- .
Jatndtd. g ,

They who ftrip not ideas from the marks m<S
ule tor them, but emfcundihem with words, mu*
have epdlels difpute. Lockt.

}. To dillurb the apprehenfion by indif-
tinft words or notions.

I am yet to think, that men find their fimpl.
ideas agree, though, indifcourfe, they «,/„,rf o„e
an)ther with difterent names. Loeii.

\. To throw into confternation ; to per-
plex ; to terrify ; to amaze ; to aftoniih j

to ihlpity.

So fpakethe Son of Cod ; and Satan ftood
A w.]ile as mule, coff«,ndtd what to fay.

., . , Milton's ParadifeSegaituX.

Now with furies furrounded, *

Defpairing, ccnfixndcd.
He trembles, lie glows,
Amidft Rhodopes fnows. Pife'i'Sr. CrriS*.

. To deilroy ; to overthrow.

. The fweetcft honey ^

Is loithfome in its own delitioufnefs.
And in the tafte t^«,„d, the appetite. SlcitTp.

rt'u ? ""^"""^ ''^ ' *>" ''^»" ^°^^ 'hwe
- Let t!>rm be ligfandtd in all their po^w^ani
W^ght, and let their ftrength be broken.

io deep a, malice to cmfiuwd the race
Ot mankind in one root. ^/,„

CoNFo'trvDED. particip. adj. [from con.
fouftd.] Hateful; detellaWe; enormous;
odious : a low cant word.
A moftrsn/iuwfc^teafon for h« bmtiSi concep-'

C ■
Sir, I have heard anotiicr ftory i
He was a moft canfiandtj Tory.;
And grew, or he fs much belied,
Ettrem^j duM before he died. Swlfu

■ Co V Fo'u N D E D x.r.iidz'. [from confo,,nd/j.-\
Hatefully ; fhamefully : a low or ludi-

Luki. ^ crous vroxd.

iCi

Vao

C Q N

Teu.are nnftjniulli given to fquirting uy »nd
down, »nd ch«tcrir.c. L'Eftmnii.

Thy fpecuUtJoiu tcjin to fmell confeumltjly of
woods and mtadbws. Aldfn's SfrfJjtcr.

CoNPo'uNDER. ft./, [fronicen/ourni.] He
who dilhjrbs, perplexes, terrifies, or
deilroys.

Confrate'rnity. n./. [from (tin and
fratcrnitas, Latin.] A br-orherhood ; a
body of men united far fome religious
purpofe.

We find days appointed to be kept, and a coifra-
ttrnity eftabliihed for that purpofc, with the laws
of it. Sfill}ngf.etv I

Co N F R I c a' T I o N. »./. [from «aand frico.
Lit.] The a£l of rubbing againll any
tiling.

it hath been rcporttd, iJiat ivy h«th gjrown out
of a (lag's horn ; whicli thej; fupfofe did rather
come from a ar/rkatian of the, horn upon the ivy,
than from the horn itfclf. . Bacon.

To CONFRO'NT. v. a.Xciofronier, Fr.]
t. To Hand a^oll. another in full view ;
to face.

He fpoka, and the* nrfr^Utt the bifll ;

A?d on his ample foreheio, uim'uig full,

TKe' deadly (hoke defcended. Dry Jen' i P^irgil.

2. To ftand face to face, in oppofition to
another.

The Eaft and Weft churches did both eoit/nnt
the Jews, and concur with them. JHonkrr.

Blood hath bough: blood, and blows have an-
fwctM blows.
Strength match'd with ftrength, and power ron-
fror.ud power. Shaitjfeare'i King yobs.
Bellona's bridegroom, lapt in proof,
Ccifrtnlrtl him with felf eomparifons,
IPoint agaioft point rebellious, arm 'gainft arm.

Shattjfiare'i Matbtth.

3. Tooppofe one evidfence to another in
•pen court.

We began to lay his unkindneft unto him: he
feeuij himfelf m^titid by fo'many, vnnx. not to
denial, but to juftify his cruel falfehood. Sidney.

4. To compare one thing with another.

When 1 tmfrtmt » medal with a verfe, I only
fliew yo» the fame dcfign executed by different
hands. AddiJM en Mcdnh.

Confronta'tion. »./. [French.] The
aft of bringing two evidences face to
face.

Ta CONPU'SE. V. a. [coTifufus. Lat.]

1. To diforder ; to difperfe irregularly.

Thus roving on
In ccnfiii'i march forlorn, th' adventurous bands
View'd firil their lamentable lot, and found
No reft. Milieu.

2. To mix, not feparate.

At length an univetfal hubbub wild,
Of (tunning founds and voices all conjut^d^
Biirne through the hollow dark, aflaults bis e.ir,

A/i/fen.

3. To perplex, not diftinguiOi; toobfcure.

We may have a clear and dilUnil ioca of the
cxiAence of many thing*, though our ideas of
their intimate elTencet and caufea arc very confuCd
and obfcure. W»ltii LsgiCk.

4. To hurry the mind.

dnfuCi and fadly (lie at length replies.

Pipe't Statius.

CONFu'sEDLY. at/v. [from CBIt/u/ii/.]

I. In a mixed mafs ; without reparation.

Tliefe four nacions ate every where mixed in the

Scriptures, bccaufe they dwelt ccnfujtdly together.

RaUigb^s Ilijlory,

a. Indiftinftly ; one mingled with another.

The inner court with horror, noife, and teari
CcnJ'ut'dly fill'd } the women's ihrieks and iries
TJk atcbcd vaulM [e-cUw> Dinham.

CON

On tnount Vefcvlus rtxt he fi»'d hii eyei.
And fiw the fmoaking tops csnfm'dly rife ;
A hideous ruin I Addifin on Italy.

I viewed through a prifm, and faw them mt^ft
eonfufidly defined, fo that 1 could not diftinguifli
their fmaller parts from one another.

NnattnU OfticU.

Heroes and heroines fliouts confut'dly rife,
And bale and treble voices ftrikc the ikios. Po/t.

3. Not clearly; not plwnly.

H« unftijtdjy and obfcutely delivered his opinion.

CUi tndoK.

4. Tumultuouffy ; haftily ; not deliberate-
ly ; not «xa£lly.

The propriety of thoughts and words, which

ait the hidden betutiea of a. play, »rcbut<!if!/i./-'^6'

judged in the vehemence of adion. Drydtr..

CoNFu'sEDNESS. ti. /. [from con/u/ed.]

Want of diftinftnefs ; want of dearnefs.

Hithemuto thefe titles of honour carry a kind of
cmfufcdncfi, and rather betokened a fucceffive office
than an el^blilhed dignity.

Carrw't Survey if CurmoaU.
The caufe of the c.nfuydncji of our notions, next
to natural inability, is want of attention. AWij.
CoKPu'siON. n. /. [from confufe.']

1 . Irregular mixture ; tumultuous medley.

God, only wife, to punifli pride of wt,
Among men's wits hath this confufien wrought ;

As the proud tow'r, whofe points the clouds did
hit,
By tongues ctmfufion was to ruin brought. David.

2. Tumult ; diforder.

God is not a God of fedition and cunfnfion, but
of order and of peace. Hooka; Preface.

This is a happier and more comely time.
Than when thefe fellows. ran about the ftrcets
Crying cenfufun. Shakrjfeare' i Ceriolanut.

3. Indiltinft combination.

The ecnfuf.an of two dill'ercnt ideas, which a
cuftomaiy connexion of them in thdt minds hath
made to them almoft one, fills their heads with falfe
vlews,and their reafonings with falfe confequences.

Locke.

4. Overtltrow ; deftruftion.

The ftrength of their illufion,
Shall draw him in to his confufion. Sbakefp. Mad.

5. Aftonifliment ; diftraftion of mind ;
hurry of ideas.

dnfupon dwelt in ev'ry face.

And tear in ev'ry heart.
When waves on waves, and gulphs in gulphs,

O'ercome the pilot's art. SfeSaior.

,Confi*'table. fl^'. [fiom cok/uU.] Pofli-
ble to be difproved ; poflible to be fliewn

falfe.

At the bit day, that inquifitor Oiall not prefcnt
to God a bundle of calunuiics, or confmable accu-
fations ; but will offer unto his omnili:ience a true
lift of our tranfgi-effions. Brown.

Confuta'tion. »./ [confutatio, Latin.]
The aft of confuting ; difproof.

A confutation of atheilm from tlic frame of the
world. Bentley.

To CONFU'TE. w. a. [confute^ Latin.]
To convift of errour or falfehood ; to
difprove.

He could on either fide difpute ;
Ccnfute, change h.'nds, and ftlU confute. Hudihras.

For a man to doubt whether there be any hell,
and thereupon to live as if there were none, but,
when he dies, to find himfelf «wi/i<f«i in the flames,
mud be the height of woe. Souib.

CO'NGE. n.f. {conge, French.]

1 . Aft of reverence ; bow ; courtefy.

, The ciptain falutes you with «n^/ profound.

And jour ladyfliip curt'fies halfway tu the ground.

Sti:ift.

2, Leave ; farcwcl.

So courteous fon^/ both did give and take,
With right hands plighted, gltslies of go^d-will.
*■ Fairy Siuetn.

CON

To Co'hob. v. n, [from the noun.] To
take leave.

1 have congttd with the duke, and done my adieu
with his nearcft. Sbak. All's v/ell that endt me/l,

CO'NGE D'ELIREis French ; andfignU
fies, in common law, the king's permif-
fion royal to a dean and chapter, in time
of vacation, to chufe a bifhop. The
king, as fovereign patron of all archbi-
Ihopricks, bifhopricks, and other eccle*
fiaftical benefices, had, in ancient rimes,
the free appointment of all ecclefiaftical
dignities ; invefting them S\r& per bacu-
lum & annulum, and afterwards by hi*
letters patent. In procefs of time he
made the eleftion over to others, under
certain forms and conditions ; as, that
they Ihould, at every vacation, before
they chufe, demand of the king a conge
d'tlire, that is, licence to proceed to
eleftion. CovitU.

A woman, when flie has maSe her own clioice,
for form's fake, finds a tongf d'tlire to her friends.

Sfeflator,

Co'nge. n.f. [In architefture.] A mould-
ing in form of a quarter round, or a
cavetto, which ferves to feparate two
members from one another : fuch is that
which joins the Ihaft of the column to
the cinfture. Chambers.

To CONGE'AL. i/. a. [congclo, Latin.]_

1 . To turn, by froft, from a fluid to a folid
ftate.

What more miraculous thing may be told.
Than ice, which is cor.gea^d with fenfclefs cold,
Should kindle fire by wonderful device ? S^rftTt

In whofe capacious womb
A vapoury deluge lies, to fnow congeai'dt

tbomfoBi ffiaitirt

2. To bind or fix, as by cold.

Oh, gentlemen, fee ! fee ! dead Henry's wound*
Open their cmgeal'd mouths, and bleed afrcfti.

Sbakeffcare's Richard IIIJ
Too much fadnefa hath congcai'd your blood.

ShakeJ^eare,

To Conce'al. V. It. To concrete; to
gather into a mafs by cold.

In the midft of molten lead, when it beginneth
to congeal, make a little dent, into which put quick-
filver wrapt in linen, and it will fix and run no
more, and endure the hammer. Bacon.

When water congeals, the furface of the ice ia
fmooth and level, as the furface of the water was
before. Burnet's Tbenj.

Conge'alment. »./. [from f«»^<a/.] The
clot formed by congelation; concretion.

Enter the city, clip your wives, your friends ;
Tell them your' feats, whilft they with joyful tean
Wafti the congealmcnt from your wounds.

Shakeffeare's Antony and Cleopatra.

Con oe'l ABLE. adj. [from congeal.'] Suf-
ceptible of congelation ; capable of lof-
ing its fluidity.

'ihe confiftencies of bodies arc very divers t
dcnfe, rare, tangible, pneumatical, fixed, hard,
foft, con^elahle, not congelable, liqucfiable, not li-
quefiable. Bacon.

The chymifts define fait, from fome of its pro-
perties, to be a body fixable in the fire, and congel~
able again by cold into brittle glebes or cryftals.

Arhuthnot on AUnicKtSt

Comcela'tion. n.f. {horn congeal.]
I. Aft of turning fluids to folids by cold.

The cipillary tubes arc obftruSed either by out-
ward comprsfiion or angelation of the fluid.

Ailutbntt «n Aliments.
There

CON

Thert are congehthiu of tha redundatit water,
precipitations, and many otlicr operations.

Arbutbnot o» j^'ir,

S. State of being congealed, or made folid
by cold.

Many waters and fpringi will never freeze j and
riMny parts in rivers and lakes, where there are
mineral eruptions, will ftiU perfift without cjnge-
hthn. Brrtvnl Vulgar Enoun.

CO'NGEKER. n.f. [Latin.] Of the fame

kind or nature.
The cherry-tree has been often grafted on the

laurel, to which it is a angei^cr. Milter.

Conge'nerous. adj. [congener, Latin.]

Of the fame kind ; arifiiig from the

fame original.

Thoi'e bodin, being of a migmerous nature, do
mdily receive the imprcffions ot their nature.

Ervwn's Vulgar Errours.

Team extreme and lafling colds proceeds a great

ruii of apoplexies, and other eongerrrous difcafes.

Arhutbr.oi on jlir.

Concb'nerovskess. n.f. [from conge-

nerout.] The quality of being from the

fame original ; belonging to the fame

clafs. D.-a.

CONGE'NIAL. aJJ. [con andgenus, Lat.]

Partaking of the fame genius ; kindred ;

cognate : in S-wi/t it is followed by luitli.

He fpiung, withuut any help, by a kind of ccn-
gmal compofure, as we may term it, to the like-
nefs of our late fovcreign and mailer. fVelioit,

You look w'lh pleafure on thofe things which
are fomcwhat artgenjalf and of a remote kindred to
your own conceptions. UryJen't Dtilical, cfjwv.

Smit with the love of fiiler arts we came.
And met trngemal, mingling flame with dame.

P:ipe.

He acquires a courage, and ftiffnefs of opinion,

not at all congenial tv'ttb him. Swift.

GoNCENi a'lity. n. /. [from congenial.]

Participation of the fame geniui ; coo--

natioo of mind, or nature.

Conce'ni ALNESS, n./. [from congenia/.']

Cognation.
CoNCE KITE. aJj. [coagenitus, Latin.] Of
the fame birth ; born with another; con-
nate ; begotten together.

Many conclufions of moral and intelleftual
truths feem, upon this account, to be congeniteWn'n
us, connatural to us, and engraven in the very
frame of the fouL HaWi Origin oftianktnd.

Did we learn an alphabet in our embrya-ftate ?
And how comes it ro fa's, that we are not aware
of any fuch cor.gemie ipp.ehenfions ?
_ ^ Clan^ilU^s Scefjii.

CoKCER. n.f. [cengrus, Latin.] The
fea-eel.

Many fi/h, whofe Biape and natnrt are much
like the eel, frequtnt both the fea and frefti livers ;
as the mighty conger, taken often in the Severn.
}VaItan'i AngUr,

Conce'ries. n.f. [Lat.] Amafs of fmall
bodies heaped up together.

The air is nothing but a conreriei or heap of
fmall, and for the moft part of ffexible, particles,
of fevcral fizcs, and of all kinds of figures. S'yU.
To CONGE'ST. V. a. [congers, cong^fium,
Lat.]^ To heap up ; to gather together.
Conge'stible. aiij. [from congefl^ That
may be heaped up. Diii.

Conoe'stiom. n.f [congefiio, Latin.] A
colleftion of matter, as in abfccfles and
tumours. ^incy.

CcngtJIion IS then faid to be the caufe ot a tu-
mour, when the growth of it is flow, anu without
PJ'"- »,jeman.

CONCIARY. n.f [coHgiariitm, from con-
iiuj, a meafure of cori, Latin.] A gift

CON

diftrlbuted to the Roman people or fol-
diery, originaUy in corn, afterwards in
money.

We fee on them the emperor and general officers,
{landing as they diftributcJ a congiary to the fol-
diers or people. AcUifan.

To CONGLA'CL'i.TE. 'v. ». [conglaciam,
Latin.] To turn to ice.

No other doth properly con^laciate but water ;
for the determination ot" quickfilver is properly
fixation, and that of milk coagulation.

Broiuns Vulgar Errcurs.
Co N G I. A CI a't ion. n. f [from conglaci-
ate.] The ftate of being changed, or aft
of changing, into ice.

It cryftal be a ftone, it is concreted by a mineral
fpirit, and lapidiiical principles ; for, while it re-
mained in a ffuid body, it was a fubjcil very unfit
for proper cor.glaciaticn. Brown.

To CO'NGLOBATE. -v. a. [conglobatus,
Latin.] To gather intoahard firm ball.

'i'he telliclc, as is laid, is one large eonglobaleii
gland, confilHng of fot't tibres, all in one convolu-
tion. Cmu.

Co'nolobate. ac/j. [from the verb.]
Moulded into a firm ball, of which the
fibres are not diftinftly vifible.

Fluids are feparated from the blood in the liver,

and the other conghhate and conglomerate glands.

Cbtynt's Phi/ofopbieal Principles.

Co'nclobately. adv. [from conglobate.]
In a fperical form. Dia.

Co KG lob a't I on. n.f, [from conglobate. ]
A round body ; colleftion into a round
mafs.

In this fpawn are difcerned many fpecks, or
little congleiatuns, which in time become black.

Brcwn.
To Conclo'be. -v. a. [conglobo, Lat.] To
gather into a round mafs ; to confolidate
in a ball.

Then he founded, then tongLb'd
Like things to like. Milton's Paradife Left.

For all their centre found.
Hung to the goddefs, and coher'd around :
Not clofer, orb in orb cinghh'd, are feen
The buzzing bees about toeir dulky queen.

^ Pope'i Dunciad.

To Conclo'be. v. n. To coalefce into a
round mafs.

Thither they
Hailed with glad precipitance, up-roli'd
As drops on duft congkhing from the dry,

. Milton' i Paradife Loji.

•roCONGLO'MERATE. -v. a. [conglo-
mero, Lat.] To gather into a ball, like a
ball of thread ; to inweave into a round
mafs.

The liver is one irtitconglmr.eralid gland, com-

pofed of innumerable fmall glands, each of whitli

confifleth of foft fibres, in a dlflina or feparatc

convolution. Gmu's Cofmokgia.

Conglo'merate. adj. [from the verb.]

1, Gathered into a round ball, fo as that
the conftituent parts and fibres are dif-
linft.

Fluids are feparated in the liver, and the other
conglobate and conglomerate glands.

Chejne's P hilofo[>bical Principles.

2. Collefted ; nvifted together.

The beams of light, when they are multiplied
an-S congtomnaie, generate heat. Bacon's Nut. H:fi.
Conclomer a'tion, n.f. [from conglo-
merate.^

1, Colleflion of matter into a loofe ball.

2. Intertexture ; mixture.

The multiplication and conglomeration of ibunds
datl> generate lurcfuilttoo of the air.

Batm't t^atural Hifitrj.

CON

To CONGLU'TINATE. <!;.«. [conglutinn,

Latin.] To cement ; to reunite ; to heal

wounds,
fo Conglu'tin ate. v. n. To coalefce;

to unite by the intervention of a callus.
Conclutin a'tion. ».y; [from conglu-

tinate.] The aft of uniting wounded

bodies; rc-union'i healing.

The caufe is a temperate conglutination ; for
both bodies are clammy and vifcous, and do bri^e
the deflux of humours to the hurts.

Bacon's Natural Hijiory.

To this elongation of the fibres is owing the

union or conglutination of parts feparated by a

wound. Arbuthnot on Aliments.

Conglu'tinativb. adj. [from congiu-

tinate.'\ Having the power of uniting

wounds.

Conglutin a'tor. n.f. [from conglu-

thtate.] That which has the power of

uniting wounds.

The ofteocoUa is recommended as a congfatinator

of broken bones. fVoodivard on Fijfih,

Congra'tulant. adj. [from congratu^

late.] Rejoicing in participation; ex«

preffing participation of another's joy.

Forth rufh'd in hafte the great confulting peers,
Rais'd from the dark divan, and with like joy
C^ngratulant approacK'd him, Miltcn.

To CONGRA'TULATE. t;. a. [gratulor,
Latin.]

1. To compliment upon any happy event ;
to exprefs joy for the good of another.

I congratulate Our Englilh tongue, that it ha»
been enriched with words from all our neighbours.

IVatts'i Lozick.

2. It has fometimes the accufative cafe of
the caufe of joy, and to before the perfon.

An eccteliallical union within yourfelves, 1 am
rather ready to congratulate to you, Spratt's Sernt.

The fubjefls of England may congratulate tt
themfelves, that the nature of our government,
and the ckmcncy of our king, fecure us.

Dryden's Preface to Aurengzebe.

To Congra'tulatb. 1/. n. To rejoice
in participation.

1 cannot but congratulate with my country,
which hath outdone all Europe in advancing con-
verfation, ' Umift.

Congr atula'tion, n.f. [from congra-
tulate.]

1 . The aft of profefling joy for the happi-
. nefs or fuccefs of another.

2. The form in which joy for the happi-
nefs of another is profefl'ed.

Congra'tul ATORY. adj. [from congra-
tulate.] Expreffing joy for the good for-
tune oiF another.
To Conor e'e. -v. n. [from gre, French. J
To agree ; to accord ; to join ; to unite.
Not in ufe.

For government.
Put into parts, doth keep in one concent,
Congreeing in a full and natural clofe.

Shakifpeare's Henry V»
To Co N G R e'e T. <v. n. [ from con and greet. ]
To falute reciprocally. Not in ulc.

My ofSce hath fo far prevaii'd,
That face to face, and royjl eye to eye.
You h.ive congrcetid, Shakrfpejre's Henry V.

To CO'NGREGATE. -v. a. [congrego^
Lat.] To colleft togetlier;. to ailemble ;
to bring into one place..

Any multitude of CIrrillian men. congregated,
may be termed by the name of a church. Hooker.

Thefe waters were afterwards ctngrrgated, and
called tlit fea. Raleigh' i HtJIoty of tit IVorld.

Tempea* '

CON

Tempeft* themfelvct, high km, and howling
winds.
The gutter'd rocks and enigrrgtittil dais,
As having fenfe of beauty, do omit
^heir mortal natures. Sbtkefffort't OtbeUo.

The dry land, earth} and the great receptacle
Of ccirgrtgaleJ waters, he call'd leas ;
And faw that it was good. Milton's Paredifc h<fi.

Heat eengregalti bomogeneal bodies, and fcpa-
lates hetcrogcneal ones. h'eaHon's OfyfUks,

Light, cortgregaieJ by a burning glafs, afls nuft
upon fulphureous bodie>> to turn them into lire.

Nnvtcni Oplkh-

To Co'ncregatb. v.ti. To afTemble; to
meet ; to gather together.

He rails,
Ev'n there where merchant* mod do tongregJte,
On me, my bargains. Sbuktfp. Mtrcb.if Vmcc.

"Tis true (as the old proverb doth relate)
Xquals with equals often ccngrtgatc. Dtntani.

Co'ngrbcate. adj. [from the verb.]

Colledled ; compact
Where the matter is moft nrgrtgatc, the cold is

the greater. Bacm^t Natural Hijicry.

Congrega'tion. n.f. [from tengregate.']

1. The aft of collefting.

The means cf teduftion by the fire, is but by
amgregatkn of homogcneal parts. Baan.

2. A coUeflion ; a mafs of various parts
brought together.

This brave o'crhanging firmament appears no
other thing to me, than a foul and peltiient ««-
grrgctlon of vapours. Shakij'ptare.

-3. An affembly met to worfliip God in
publick, and hear doftrine.

The words which the minidcr lirft pronounceth,
the whole fOim-<j«»i(m Ihall repeat after him. Hooker,
The praSice of thofe that prefer houfes before
churches, and a conventicle before the ccrigrega-
lier. South.

If thofe preachers, who abound in epiphonemas,
would look about them, they would find part of
their congregation out of countenance, and the other
ad -cf . Siiifi.

Cvjngreca'tiokal. o/^'. [from congrega-
tion.'] Publick ; pertaining to a con-
gregation or affembly. It is a word
ufea of fuch Chriftians as hold every
congregation to be a feparate and inde-
pendent church.
.CO'NGRESS. n.f. [congreffus, Latin.]

1. A meeting ; a fliock ; a confiift.

Here Pallas urges on, and Luufus there;
Their congrtfs in the field great Jove withdands.
Both doom'd to fall, but fall by grcat.r hands.

Drjdcn's ^ne'id.
From ihefc laws may be deduced the rules of
the congrijjes and rcflctlions of two bodies.

Cbeyue'i PbHo/cLbical Pr'wcifki.

2. An appointed meeting for fctilement
of affairs between different nations : as,
the congrtfs of Cambray.

Concre'ssive. adj. [ from congrcfs. ]
Meeting ; encountering ; coming toge-
ther.

If it be underftood of fetes conjoined, all plants
are f'-malc j and if of disjoined and c:>ngrtjftve
^eiKration, there is no male or female in them.

Brown i Vulgar Errours.

SirCONGRU'E. <i». «. [fromcongruo, Lat.]
To agree ; to be confident with ; to
fnit ; to be agreeable. Not in ufe.

Our lovereign procefs imports at full,

By iMters congruing to that eft'eft.

The prefcnt death of Hamlet. Sbakefp. Hanlef.
Concru'ence. n-/. [congruentie, Latin.]

Agreement ; fuitablcnefs of one thing

to another ; confiftency.
Co NCR u't N T . adj. [congruem, Latin,]

Agreeing ; cotrefpoudent.

CON

Thcfe planes were fo feparitcd as to move upon

a common fide of the longrumr fquares, as an axis.

Cbryniz Pbthfofhical Prmdj>Ui.

CoNGRv'iTY. «./. [from congrue."]

1. Suit.iblenefs ; agreeablenefs,

Congru'ity of opinions t.i our natural conflltution,
is one great incentive to their reception. Clanville,

2. Fitnefs ; pertinence.
A whole fcntcnce may fail of its eongru'ily by

wanting one particle. Sidniy.

3. Confequence of argument; reafon ;
confiftency.

With what congrttitf doth the church of Rome'
deny, that her enemies do at all appertain to the
church of Chiirt ? Hooker.

4. [In geometry.] Figures or lines which
exaflly correlpond, when laid over one
another, are in congruiiy.

Co'n c r u m e n t. n.f, [from cougrut."] Fit-
nefs ; adaptation. Not in u<c.

The coiigrumcnt and harmonious fitting of pe-
riods in a fentcnce, hath almoli the fadening and
force of knitting and connexion.

B^ yonfon't Difecvery.

Co'ncruous. adj. [congruus, Latin.]
I, Agreeable to ; con fiftent with.

The exirtence of God is fo many ways roani-
fcft, and the obedience we owe him lb congruous to
reafon, that the light of a great part of mankind
give teftimony to the law of nature, . Locke.

z. Suitable to; accommodated to; pro-
portionate .or commenfurate.

The faculty is infinite, the objeft infinite, and
they infinitely corgmous to one another.

Cbeyne's PbUofefbical Prineifles.

3. Rational ; fit.

Motives th.1t addrefs themfi-Ives to our reafoh,
are fitted to be employed upon reafonablc crea-
tures ; it is no ways ccngruoui, that God fh'^uld be
always frightening men into an acknowledgment
of the truth. jitreriury

Co'ngruously. ad-v. [from congrnoui.']
Suitably; pertinently; confiftently.

This conjeilure is to be regarded, bccaufe, con-
gruoujly unfy it, one having warmed the bladder,
found it then lighter than the nppofite weight.

Br.yle's Spring oftb-Air.

Co'kjcai..} adj. [conicus, Lntln.'] Hav-
Co'n-ick. 5 '"S t'ls fonn of a cone, or
round decreafing.

Tow'ring firs in conick forms arife,
And with a pointed fpear divide the (kies. Pri'r.

A brown flint of a conick figure: the b«tis i>
oblong. JVccdtCarii.

They are conical vclTels, with their bafcs tuward>
the heart; and, as they pafs on, their di;imctcrs
grow flill lefs. j^rbuthnct.

Co'nically. adv. [from conical.^ In
- form of a cone.

In a watering pot, ft aped conical/y, or like a
fugar-loaf, filled with water, no liquor falls through
the holes at the bottom, wliilft the gardener keeps
his thumb upon the orifice at the top,

Boyle's Spring of the Air.

Co'n I CAi, NESS. n.f. [from fffwVfl/.] The

ttate or quality of being conical.
Co.vjcK Seelion. n.f. A curve line arifing

from the feftion of a cone by a plane.
CoNicK SeHeions. In.f, That part of geo-
Co'nicks. j metry which confiders

the cone, and the curves ariling from its

feftions.

To CONJE'CT. -v. n. [conjeaum, Lat.]
To guefs ; to conjefture. Not in ufe.

I intreat you then,
From one that but imperfcftly conjefls.
Your wifdom would not build yourfclf a trouble.

Sbakejpetire.

CON

Conjk'ctor. n.f. [from eonjeS,] A
gucffer ; a conjefturer.

Kor (o cotjcBors would obtrude«
And from thy painted ikin conclude, Sviif'.

Conje'cturable. adj. [ from cenjeaure. ]

Being the objedt of conjeAtu-e i pofiiWe

to be gueffed,
Cokje'cturai,. adj. [from conje3ure.'\

Depending on conjeflure j faid or done

by guefs.

They'll fit by th' fire, and prcfume to know ^
Who thrives and who declines, fide iiSCioni, and

give out
CtnjeHural marriages. Shalefpeare't Coritltms.

Thou fpeak'ft it falfely, as I love mine honoor.
And mak'ft cu^iBuriKtaxt to come into me.

Sbake)p<aiit.

It were a matter of great profit, fave tbut 1 doubt
It is .too i-sn/'.flara/ to venture upon, if one cooM
difcern what corn, herbs, or fruits, are likely to
be in plenty or fcarcity. Bacon,

The two lafi words are not in Calllmachus, an<
confequently the reft are only ct,n}eBuraI, Btocmc,

CoNjECTURA'tiTY, s.yi [from COHJcHu-
' ral.] That which depends upon guefi.

They have not recurred unto chronology, or the,
records of time, but taken themfclves unto pro-'
babilities, and the ccnjeSunitily of philofophy.

BriKVn's Vulgar Errours.

Conje'cturally. adai . [ from conjeittt-
rfl/.] By guefs ; by conjeftur.e.

Whatfoevcr may be at any time, out of Scrip-
tuiv, but probably and conjcflurally furmifed.

ifwJfr.
Let it be probably, not corjelfurally, proved.

Maine.

Conje'cture. n.f. [conjeStura, Latin.]

1. Guefs; impeifeft knowledge ; prepon-
deration of opinion without proof.

In the calling of lots, a man cannot, upon any
ground of reafon, bring the event (o much as un-
der ccnje^ure. Soutb.

2. Idea; notion; conception. Not now
in ufe.

Now entertain cenjeffure of a time.
When creeping murmur, and the poring dark.
Fills the wide veflel of the univerfe.

Sbakefpeare'^s Henry V.

To Conje'ctu r e. -v, a. [from the noun,]
To guefs ; to judge by guefs ; to enter-
tain an opinion upon bare probability.

When we look upon fuch things as equally may
or may not be, human reafoncan then, at thebeft,
but eonjeffure what will be, " Soutb.

Conje'cturer, n.f. [from conjeSlurc'^
A gueffer ; one who forms opinion with-
out proof.

If we fhould believe very grave eonjeffurers, car-
nivorous animals now were not flelh devourers
tiien. Brcmtin.

I fliall leave nnjtHurers to their own imaglna*

tions. Addifm,

CoNi^FEROUs. adj. [fo/;w andy^ro, Lat.]

Such trees or herbs are coniferous, as bear a
fquamofe fcaly fruit, of a woody fubllancc, and a
figure approaching to a cone, iti which are many
feeds ; and when they are ripe, the feveral cells in
tlie cone open, and the feeds drop out. Of this
kind are the fir, pine, and beech. I^tincy.

To Con'jo'bble. -v. a. [from con, toge-
ther, and_/WvrW, the head.] To con-
cert ; to fettle ; to difcufs. A low cant
word.

What would a body think of a minifter thit
ftnuld cmcttle matters of ftate with tumblers, and
confer politicks with tinkers ? L'EJirangr.

To CONJO'JN, -V. a. [conjeindr^ Fr, con-

jungo, Latin.]
I. To uaite; to confolldate iato one.

Thou

CON

CON

CON

Ttioo wrong'ft Pmthons> and not liim »lone ;
But, while I live, two friends cciycmJ in one.

DryJtn.

2. To unite in marriage.

If either of you 5 ow any inward impediment,
Why you (hould not be nrjcin'il, I charge
You on your fouls to utter it. Stjt, Much Ado>

3. Toaflociate; to conn eft.

Common and oni^eIfal fi>iriEs convey the a^ion
of die remedy into the part, and conjoin the virtue
of bodies far disjoined. Srcwf't t'u/gar Errours.

Men of differing interelU can be recorcilcd i..
one communion ; at leaft, the dcfigns of all can
be coTijoimJ in ligatures of the fame reverence, and
piety, and devotion. Taylor*

Let that which he learns next be nearly ovj/inJ
v»ith what he knows alreaiy. Leckt.

Tfl Cos ja'tN. f. n. To league ; to unite.

This part of hi.
Copjiiia with Diy difejfe, and helps to end me.

Skakffpcari's Henry IV.

GonJoi'nt. fl*^'. [ccnjoint, Fr.] United;
connefted ; afTcnate.

Conjoint Degrees. [In mufick.] Two
notes which immediately follow each
other in the order of the fcale ; as «/
and re. Di3.

CoNJo'iNTLY. adv. [from conjoittt.'\ In
union ; together ; in afibciation ; joint-
ly ; not apart.

A grofs and frequent error, commonly comroit-
nd in the ufe of doubtful remedies, eoejohl/y with
tbof* that aic of approved virtues.

Brawn*! Vulgar Errourt.

The parts of the body, feparatcly, make known

the pafTions of the foul, or elfc anjoirttly one with

the other. Drjden.

Go'nisoa.- See Cocni^or.
CO'NJUGAL. etilj. [ccrjugalls, Latin.]
Matrimonial ; belonging to marriage ;
connubial.

Their ccnjugal iffeiXion ftill is tied.
And llill the mournful race is multiplied.

Dryttent Fables.
1 could not forbear cotr mending tlie young wo-
man {vr her itnjugal affcdlinn, when i fecund that
fle had left the good man at home. Sfidatcr.
He mark'd the roir/K^a/difpute;
Nell roar'd inceflant, Dick fnt mute. Sivift.
Co' N JUG ALLY, atiiv. [from conjugal.]

Matrimonially ; connubially.
To Co'njucate. v. a. [conjugo, Latin.]

1. To join ; to join in marriage ; to unite.

ThofeJrawing as weL marriage as wardfliip,
jare him both power and occaGon to eonjugate at
pleafure the Norman and the Saxon houfes.

fVctl-.f,.

2. To infleft verbs ; to decline verbs
through their various terminations.

Co'kjuoate. n. /. [cenjugatus, Latin.]
Agreeing in derivation with another
word, and therefore generally refem-
bling in fignification.

His grammatic.il argument, grounded upon the
derivation of fpontancous from Jfcrte, weighs no-
thing : we have learned in logick, that corjugalei
are fometiorws in name only, and not in deed.

Bramhu/l't Ar.pwer to Ihhhei.

Conjugate Diamfter, or Axis. [ I n geo-
metry.] A right line bifefting the tranf-
verfe diameter. Chambers.

Conjuoa'tiok. n.f. \conjugatio, Lat.]
I. A couple ; a pair.

The heart it fo farfrom affording nerves unto
other parts, that it rccciveth wry few itfelf from
the fixth conjugaticTi or pair of nerves.

Sro^n't Vu!/^ar Erriurt.

X. The aft of uniting or compiling things
together.

The general and indefinite contemplations and
notions of the elements, and their ctnjugatkns,
are to be fet afide, being but notional, and illimited
and definite axioms are to be drawn out of meafureJ
inllances. Bacon.

All the various mixtures and conjugations ol
atoms do beget nothing. BentUy'i Sermons.

3. The form of inflefting verbs through
their feries of terminations.

Have thofe who have writ fo much about de-
clenfio'iS and cmjugations, about concords and
fyn'axes, loft their labour, and been learned to no
purpofe ? Locke.

4. Union ; affemblage.

The fuppei of the Lji J is the moft facred, myf-
teiious, and uteful conjugation of fecret and holy
things and duties. Taylor.

CONJU'NCT. adj. [conjunaus, Latin.]
Conjoined ; concurrent ; united. Not
in ufe.

It picas'd the king his mafter to ftrike at me.
When he, c^nji/r^ and flattering his difplcafurc,
Tript me behind. Skakefpcare^s King Lear.

CoK ju'nction. n.f. [^conjunSio, Lat.]

1. Union ; alTociation ; league.

With ourfmoil conjuncricn we iliould on,
To fee how fortune is dilpos^d to us.

ShakeJ'feare'i Henry IV.

He will unite the white rofc and the red ;
Smile, heaven, upon hjs ii't conjunBiony
That long hath frown'd upon rh.-ir enmity.

Shaitfj^cares Richard III.

The treaty gave abroad a reput.ition of a ftrltl
conjunfiion and amity between them.

Bacon's Henry VII.

Man can effeft no great matter by his perfonal
Arength, but Xi he adls in fociety and conjunBion
with others. South,

An invifible hand from heaven mingles hearts
and fiuls by ftranje, fecret, and unaccountable
conjurjli^jns. South.

2. The congrefs of two planets in the fame
degree of the zodiack, where they are
fuppofed to have great power and influ-
ence.

Cod, neither by drawing waters from the deep,
nor by any conjunciion of the ftars, Ihould bury
them under\a I'econd flood.

Ratetgh's Hipry of the World.

Has not a poet more viitues and vices within his
circle ? Cannot he obferve their influences in their
oppofitions and conjanBiont, in their altitudes and
depreffnns ? He /hall fooner find ink than nature
exhaufted. Rymer's Tragedies of the lajl Age.

Pompey and Caefar were two flars of fuch a mag-
nitude, that their conjunSun was as fatal as their
oppofition. Sivift.

3. A word made ufe of to conneft the
claufes of a perio<l together, and to fig-
nify their relation to one another.

Clarke.
Conju'nctive. atij. [conjunSli'vits, Lzl.']

1 . Clofely united. 'A fenfe not in ufe.

She 's fo conjun^n'e to my life and foul.
That as the flar moves not but in his fpherc,
I cnuld not but by her. Shahefpcarc's Herri IV.

2. [In grammar.] The mood of a verb,
ufed fubfsquently to a conjunftion.

Conju'nctively. aJ'u. [from conjunc-
tive.] In union ; not apart.

Thcfe are good mediums ecnjunSlively taken,
that is, not one witltout the cjthei.

Brc/zvtt's Vulgar Errcurs,

Covju'kctiveness. n.f. [from conjisnc-
tivt.] The quality of joining or uniting.

Conju'nctly. eiil'V. [from conjitncl.]
Jointly ; together ; not apart.

Conjuncture, n.f. [co/tjonaure, Fr.]

I. Combination of many circumllajvces,
or caufes.

I never met with a more unhappy conjunSun of
affairs than in the bufinefs of that earl.

King Charles,
Every virtue requires time and place, a proper
objed, and a fit conjunBurc of circumftanccs.

Addijon's SpeHator,

2. Occafion ; critical time.

Such cenlures always attend fuch conjunSures,
and find fault for what is not done, as with that
which is done. Clarendon,

3. Mode of union ; connexion.

He is quick to perceive the motions of articu*
lation, and conjunBurcs of let CiS in words.

Holder's Elements of Sfeab,

4. Conliftency.

I was willing to grant to prclbytcry what with

reafon it can pretend to, in a conjunBure withepH"-

copacy. King Charles,

Con jura'tion. n.f. [from conjure. ]

I. The form or aft of fummoning another

in Ibme facred name.

We charge you, in the name of Gcd, take heed :
Under this conjuration fpeak, my lord.

Shakffpeare's Henry V.

z. A magical form of words; an incan-
tation ; an enchantment.

Your conjurationy fair knight, is too ftrong for
my poor fpirit to difobey. Sidney,

What drugs, what charms.
What conjuration, and what mighty magick.
For fuch proceeding 1 am charged withal,
I won his daughter with ? Shakefpeaie't Othello,
3. A plot; a confpiracy. Diil,

To CONJU'RE. -v. a. [coiijuro, Latin.]

1 . To fummon in a facred name ; to en-
join with the higheft folemnity.

He concluded with fighs and tears to conjuri
them, that they would no more prefs him to con-
fent to a thing io contrary to his reafon. Clarendon.
The church may addrefs her fons in the form
St. Paul does the Phllippians, when he conjures
them to unity. Decay of Piety,

I conjure you ! Let him k]iow,
Whate'er was done againft Iiim, Cato did it.

Addifon's Cato,

2. To bind many by an oath to fome
common defign. This fenfe is rare;

He, in proud rebellious arms,
Drew after him the third part of heav*n*s fons,
Con/arV againft the Higheft. Milton' i Par. Lofl,

3. To influence by magick j to afFeft by
enchantment ; to charm.

What black magician foii/'«r« up this fiend.
To flop devoted charitable deeds ?

Shakefftare' s Richard III.
What is he, whofc griefs
Bear fuch an emphafis ? whofe phrafe of forrow
Conjures the wand'ring ftjrs, and-makes them (land ■
Like wonder-wounded hearers ? Shakfp. Hamlet.
I thought their own fears, whofe black arcs firft
raifed up thofe turbulent fpirits, would force thetn
to ccnjure them down again. King Charles. ■

You have conjured up perfons thatexift no where

elfe but on old coins, and have made our paflions

. and virtues vifrbte. AMfon on Ancient Medals,

4. It is to be obferved, that when this
word is ufed for fummon or confpire, its
accent is on the lall fyllable, conjure ;
when for charm, on the firft, conjure.

To Co'n J tj RK. 'v.n. To praftife charms-
■ or enchantments ; to enchant. •

My invocation is honeft and fair ; and in Ilia

miltrcf&'s name I conjure only but to raife up him. «

Shakejpsare's Romeo and 'Juliet.

Out of my door, you witch I you hag,' you

baggage, you poulcat, you runaway ! Out, out^ ,

out ! I'll conjure you, I'll fortunetellyou I

Shakcffearc' s Merry IVifues of IVindfor^ ,
Co'njttrer. n.f. SJ'cQim conjure.]
I . All enchanter i one tliat ufes durms.

Co«d

CON

Good ioQot Pinch, you are a cmjuru- 1
\ Zllablifli him in bis true fcnli: agaio.

SbakfJ^art's CemtJy of Entuii,
Figures io the book
Of fome dread tcrjunr, clut would ciifoicc nature.

Pcfir.r,
Thus has he done you British conforts riglit,
Whofe hufbinds, fliould they pry like mine to-
night.
Would never find you in your condufl flipping,
Though they turn'd ctmjurtn to take you tripping.

2. An impoftor who pretends to fecret
arts ; a cunning man.

From the account the lofer brings.
The conj'rer knows who liole the tilings. Prior.

3. By way of irony, a man of (hrewd con-
jeilure ; a man of fagacity.

Though ants are very knowing, \ don't take
, them t.> be ttrnjunn ; and therefore tbey could not
gucfs that I had put ibme com in that room. jltUiJ,
Co N J u'r e m e n t . n. /. [from conjure.] Se-
rious injunftion; folemn demand.

I /houlil not be induced but by your earncft
intrcatics and fcrious ccnjuremtmt.

Millai en Edueatkn.
Conka'scen'ce. n. /. [con and na/cor,
Latin.]

1. Common birth; produAion at the fame
time ; community of birth.

2. Being produced together with another
being.

Chrillians have baptized thefe geminou; births
and double comafcmchi, as containing in them a
dirtind>ion ot' (bul. Brovun's l^ulgur Eiroun.

3. The aiS of uniting or growing together :
improperly.

Symphafis denotes a cmtiajctntt, or growing to-
B'ther. m/iman.

Conn a'tb. aJJ. [from con and natus, La-
tin.] Born with another: being of the
fame birth.

Many, who deny all emmale notions in the fpe-
tulative intcllefl, do yet admit them in this. South.

Their difpolitions to be reflected, fame at a

greater, and others at a Icfs thicknefs, of thin

plates or bubbles, ate ccnnate with the rays, and im.

routable. Nnvton^s Optich,

Conna'tural. adj. [con and natural. '\

1. United with the being ; conneded by
nature.

Firti, in man's mind we find an appetite
To learn and know the truth of ev'ry thing ;
Which is connatural, and born with it. Dav'tes.

Thefe aft'c<Sions are nmatural to us, and as we
grow up fo do they. VEjirangc.

2. Participation of the fame nature.

Is there no way, befides
Thefe painful pafl'ages, how we may come
To death, and mix with our ccnnatural duft ? Milt.

Whatever draws me on.
Or fympathy, or fome connatural force,
Pow'rfui at greatell diftance to unite
With fecret amity. Miltm's Para Jife Loft.

Connatura'lity. n. /. [from connatu-
ral.] Participation of the fame nature ;
natural infeparability.

There is a eontiaiura/iiy and congruity between
that knowledge and tliofe habits, and that future
eftate of the foul. Ila/e.

Cov^f a'turally. aJv. [from connatu-
ral.] In coexillence with nature; ori-
ginally.

Some common notions feem cmttaturally engra-
veo in the foul, aouccdeotly to difcuOSve ratioci-
nation. Halt.
~ Conn a'tur Ai.NESS. n. /. [fr>^lp conna-
tural.] Participation of the fajne nature ;
natural union.

CON

Such U tlie c'imaiHtaJiitft of our comptioni.
except we looked for an account hercal'ter.

Peatfon oit the Creed.

To CONNE'CT. *•. a. [conneao, Latin.]

1. To join; to link; to unite; to con-
join ; to fallen together.

The corpufdes tliat couttitute the quickfilvrr
will he fo ccnnifltd to one another, that, inllcad of
a fluid body, they will appear in the form of a red
powder. Boj/.:

2. To unite by intervention, as a cement.

The natural order of the comiB'mg ideas niuft
direft the fylligifms ; and a man mult Sec the
connexion of each intermediate idea with thofe
that it coiuuSi, before he can ufe it in a fyllogifm.

Lode.

3. To join in a juft feries of thought, or
regular contUudion of language : as, tie
author connefts bis rcafini luell.

To Conne'ct. 11. n. To cohere ; to have
juft relation to things precedent and
fubfequent. This is leldom ufed but in
converiation.

Con ne'ctively. ad'v. [from <•«««<?.]
In conjundioii ; in union; jointly;
conjointly ; conjunftly.

The people's power is great and indifputable,
whenever they can unite conntliivdy, or by depu-
tation, to exert it. Sivift.

To Con ne'x. v. a, [connexum, Latin.] To
join or link together ; to fatten to each
other.

'I'hofe birds who are taught fome words or
fenienccs, cannot conrex their words or fcntences
in coherence with the matter which they fignify.
Hali's Origin of Mankind.
They fly.
By chains cor.nix'd, and with deftrudtivc fweep
Behead whole troops at once. Ptillps.

Conne'xion. ft./, [from connex ; ox coa-
nexio, Lat.]

1 . Union ; junflion ; the aft of faftening
together ; the Hate of being fattened
together.

My heart, which by« fecret harmony
Still moves with thine, join'd in conmxisn fweet.

Mi/ton.

There muft be a future (late, where the eternal
and infeparable connexion between virtue and hap—
pinefs ihall be manifcftcd. Atteriury.

2. Juft relation to fomething precedent or
fubfequent ; confequence of argumenta-
tion ; coherence.

Contemplation of human nature doth, by a
necertary Carinexiott and chain of caufes, carry us up
to the Deity. tiale.

Each intermediate idea muft be fuch as, in the
whole chain, hath a viiible connexion with thofe two
it is placed between. Lucks.

A confcious, wife, reflefling caufe.
That can deliberate, means eIcA, and find
Their due connexion with the end dcfign'd.

Blackm, Creation.

Conne'xive. adj. [from connex.] Having
the force of connexion ; conjunftive.

The predicate and fubjeft arc joined in a form
of words by connexive particles. Ifatts's Logick.

Connicta'tion. n. /. [from conniHo,
Lat.] A winking. Dia.

Conni'vance. n.j. [from connive.]

1. The ad of winking. Not in ufe.

2. Voluntary blindneis ; pretended igno-
rance ; forbearance.

It is bttcr to mitigate nfury by declaration,
than to fufl'cr it to rage by cor.r.ivance. Bann.

Difobcdicnce, having gained one degree of li-
berty, will demand another : every vice interpret?-
a (OTaivd;)», an appigbatioa* ' Siuib.

CON

A tm»i«j»:t to admit half, will produce ruin.

S^if>.
T» CONNI'VE. 1/. H. [conniveo, Latin.]

1. To wink.

This artift is Co teach them how Co nod judici-
oufly, to cinr.ive with eitlier eye. SfeHalor,

2. To pretend blindnefs or ignorance ; to
forbear ; to pafs uncenfured.

The licentioufncfi of infetiours, and the re-
mifTnefs of fuperiourJ, the one violates, and the
otiter connives. Decay cf Piety*

With whatever coloun he perfuades authority
to ecrniye at his own vices, he will dcfire its pro-
tcftion from the effefts of other men's. Rogers,

He thinks it a fcandal to government to connive
at fuch trads as rejeft all revelation. Sii/ifr,

CONKOISSE'UR, n, /. [French.] A
judge; a critick. It is often ufed of a
pretended critick.

Your IciTon learnt, you'll be fecure
To get the name of eonnoi^cur. S'Ufiftm

To CO'NNOTATE. -v, a. [con and nota,'
Latin.] To defignate fomething befides
itfelf ; to imply ; to infer.

God's forefceingdoth not include or connotate pre-
determining, any more than I decree with my in-
tellei£l, Hammond.

Co.SNOT a'tion. ». /. [from connotate.]
Implication of fomething" befides itfelf;
inference ; illation.

By reafonof the co-exiftcnce of one thing with
another, there arifeth a various relation or connota-
tion between them. Halc^s Origin of Mankind,
Plato by his ideas means only the divine eficnce
with this corrctation, as it is varioufly imitable or
participabic by created beings. Norrit*

To Conno'te. 'V. a. [con. and nota, Lat.]
To imply ; to betoken ; to include.

Good, in the general notion of it, connotes alfo a
certain fuitablenefs of it to fome other thing.

Sositi.
CoNNu'etAL. aJj. [coHttubialis, Latin.]
Matrimonial ; nuptial ; pertaining to
marriage ; conjugal.

Should fecond love a plcafing flame infpiret
And the chafte queen cennuiial rites require.

Pofe's Odvpy.
CO'NOID. n./. [x«>oiiJ»i{.] A figure ipar-
taking of a cone ; approaching to the
form of a cone.

The tympanum is not capable of tenfion as a
drum : there remains another way, by drawing it
to the centre into a conoid form.

Holder's Elements of Speech*

Conoi'dical. adj. [from conoid.] Ap-
proaching to a conick form, to the form
of a round decreafing.

To CONQUA'SSATE. -v. a. [conquaffo,
Latin.] To fliake ; to agitate. Not ia
ufe.

"Vomits do violently conjuajfate the lungs.

Harvey,

Conquassa'tion-w./ [iTOmconqueffate.]

Agitation ; concuflion.
To eCNQUER. t/. a. [conquerir, Fr. cen-

quirere, Latin.]
I . To gain by conqueft ; to over-run ; to
win.

They had conjuercdihtm and brought them un-
der cribute. I. Mac. viii. z.

Welcome, great Stagirite, and teach me novir
All I was born to kmiw ;
Thy fcholar's yiflories thou doft outdo ;
He conquer' J ch' earth, the whole world you. Cnntej,

'Twas fit,
Who f«7yBfr'</ nature, (hould prefidc o'er wit. Pope,
We conjuer'd France, but felt our captive's
charms ;
Their arts viftorious triuroph'd o'er our arms. Pope.

2. To

CON

2. To overcome; tofubdue; tovanquifli.

Both tugging to be v!£lors, bread to breaft ;
Yet neither conqueror nor ccnquercd.

Shakejfeari'z Henry VI.
The conjuerd alfo, and inflav'd by war.
Shall, with their frecuum loft, all virtue lofe
And fear of God. Milton.

Anna cotj^uert but to fave,
And governs but to blefs. Smith*

3. To furmount; to overcome: as, he
conquered his reluSance.

To Co Nc^uER. "J. n. To get the viftory ;
to overcome.

Put him to choler ftralght : he hath been us'd
Ever to conquer and to have his word
Oft' contradiftion. Shakrfpeare' s Coriolanut.

Equal fuccefs had fet thefe champions high.
And both refolv'd to conquer or to die. JValler.

The logick of a ccr.quering fword has no pro-
priety. Decay of Piety.
Co'nquerabi.e. ac/;. [from conjuer.']
Po^ible to be overcome.

While the heap is fmall, and the particulars
few, he will find it eafy and conquerable. South*
Co'nqjjeror. n.f. [from conquer.'^

1 . A man that has obtained a vidory ; a
viftor.

Bound with triumphant garlands will I come.
And lead thy daughter to a cenoueror^s bed.

ShUefftare's Richard III.
The gain of civil wars will not allow
Bags for the conqueror'i crew. Cowley,

A criticlc that attacks authors in reputation, is
as the flavc who called out to the conquerory Re-
member, Sir, that you are a man. AadiJ. Guard.

2. One that fubdues and ruins countries.

Defcrving freedom more
Than thofe their corquerors, who leave behind
Nothing but toin wherefoe'er they rove.

Milton'i Faradife Regained,
Tbat tyrant god, that reliefs conqueror.
May quit his pleafurc to alTert his pow*r. Prior,

Co'KQvzit. n.f. [fo/tfa^^, French.]

1. The aft of conquering; fubjeftion.

A pcrfeft conquejl of a country reduces all the
people to the condition of fubjefls.

Da-uies on Ireland.

2. Acquifition by viftory ; thing gained.

More willingly I mention air.
This our old conquijf; than remember hell.
Our hated habitation. Milton t Paradifc Regairud,

3. Viftory ; fuccefs in arms.

I muft yield my body to the earth.
And, by my fail, the ccnqueft to my for.

Shakeffeare''s Henry VI.

I'll lead thy daughter to a conqueror's bed ;
To whom I will retail my conqueji won.
And (he (ball be fole vi^refs. Shak. Richard III.

Not to be o'ercome, was to do more
Than all titectnqtiejii former king; did gain. Dryd.

In joys of cmquiji he re(igns his breath.
And, (ill'd with England's glory, fmiles in death.

Addijw.

CONSANGUI'NEOUS. aJj, [co»/a«gui-
neus, Latin.] Near of kin ; of the fame
blood ; related by birth ; not affined.
Am I not con/a nguineou if Aminotofhcrblood ?

Shaieffeate.

Cons.vncui'nity. It./, [confangninitas ,
Lat.] Relation by blood ; relation by
defcent from one common progenitor ;
nearnefs of kin : diftinguifhed from aj/i-
nity, or relation by marriage.

Vvt forgot my father ;
I know no touch of eorfanguinity,

Shekrjftare'i Troilui and Crtjfid.i,

There is the fapremc and indilTcluble conjan-

guin'ty and focicly between men in general j of

which the heathen poet, whom the apoftle calls to

witncfs, faith, We aie all bis generation.

Bann'i Hoh IVar.

Vol. I.

CON

The firft original would fublift, though he out-
lived all KrTn&of confanguinity, and became a Gran-
ger unto his progeny. Bro-wn's Vulgar Errcun.
Chrift has condefcended to a cognation and ccn-
far.guinity with us. South.

CoNSARCiN a'tion. It,/, [from confar-
cino, Latin, to piece.] The aft of patch-
ing together. Dil3.
CO'NSCIENCE. n.f. [con/cientia, hzt.]

1. The knowledge or faculty by which we
judge of the goodaefs or wickednefs of
ourfelves.

When a people have no touch o{ confcience, no
fenfe of their evil doings, it is bootlcfs to tliink to
reftrain them. Sfenjer.

Who againU faith and confcience can be heard
Infallible .' Milton's Pamdije Loji.

Confcience has not been wanting to itfelf in endea-
vouring to get the cleared information about the
will of God. South.

But why muft thofe be thought to 'fcape, that
feel
Thofe rods of fcorpions, and thofe whips of ftecl,
Which confcience (hakes .' Creech' t Juvenal,

No courts created yet, nor caufe was heard j
But all was fafe, for confcience was their guard.

Dryden'i Ovid.

Confcience ngni(ics that knowledge which a man
hath of his own thoughts and anions ; and be-
caufc, if a man judgeth fairly of his actions by
comparing them with thelawof God, his mind will
approve or condemn him, this knowledge or con-
fcience may be both an accufcr and a judge. Stvift.

2. Juftice ; the eftimate of confcience ;
the determination of confcience ; ho-
nefty. This is fometimes a ferious, and
fometimes a ludicrous fenfe.

This is thank-worthy, if a man, for corfcience
toward God, endure grief. i Peter, ii. 19.

Now is Cupid a child of confcience; he makes
reftitution. Shakeffeare's Merry fVivei offVindfor.

He had, againit right and confcience, by Ihameful
treachery, intruded himfelf into another man's
kingdom. KnoUes.

What you require cannot, in confcience, be de-
ferred beyond this time. Milton,

Her majedy is obliged in confcience to endeavour
this by her authority, as much as by her praftice.

Sivifl.

3. Confcioufnefs ; knowledge of our own
thoughts or aftions.

Merit, and good works, is the end of man's
motion ; and eonfcieice of the fame is the accom-
pli(hment of man's icft. Bacon.

The reafon why the (implcr fort are moved with
authority, is the confcience of iheir own ignorance.

Hooker,

The fwceteft cordial we receive at UH,
Is corf-ience of our virtuous aftions pitt, Denham,

Hcdlor was in an abfolute certainty of death, and

deprelTcd with the confcience of being in an ill caufe.

. _ Pofe.

4. Real fentiment ; veracity ; private
thoughts.

Doft thou in confcience think, tell me, JP.na\\i,
That there be women do abufc their hulbands
In fuch grofi kind ? Stakeffeare'i Othello,

They did in their confcitneei know, that he was
not able to fend them any part of it. Clarendon.

5. Scruple; principle of aflion.

We muft make a confcience in keeping the juft
laws of fupcri'iurs. Taylor 1 Holy Living.

Why (hnuld not the one make as much confcience
of betraying for gold, as the other of doing it for
a cruft } L'Efirtinge.

Children are travellers newly arrived iu a ftr.ingc
Country ; we (hould therefore make confcience not
to iniflead them. Locke,

6. In ludicrous language, reafon; reafon-
ablenefs.

Why doft thou weep ? Can'ft thou \he confcience
lack,
To think I fliall Uck friends .' Shakeff, Tmon,

CON

Half a dozen fools are, in all confcienn, as r ■ , »

as you ftiould require. 67; rjjk^

Conscie'ntious. ac/J. [from confcience. '^^
Scrupulous ; exaftly jntt ; regulated by
confcience.

Lead a life in fo corfcient'ioui a probity, as in
thought, word, and deed, to make good the cha-
rafter of an honed man. L'Eflrange,

Conscie'ntiously* ad'v. [from cen/ci-
en/ious.] According to the direftion of
confcience.

More (ircfs has been laid upon the ftriflneA of
law, than confcientioufly did belong to if. L' Efiran,

There is the erroneous as well as the li^jiitly
informed confcience ; and, if the confcience hap-
pens to be deluded, (in does not therefore ceafe to
be (in, becjufeaman comtnitted it cotfcientioujly .

South,

Conscie'ntiousness. n. f. [from cen-
fcientious.'] Exaftnefs of juftice ; tender-
nefs of confcience.

It will be a wonderful confcicnt'icufnefs in them,
if they will content themfelves with lefi, pro(it than
they can make. Loc'kc,

Co'nscionable. adj, [from confcience.]
Reafonable ; juft ; according to con-
fcience.

A knave, very voluble ; no farther confcionalle
than in putting on the meer form of civil and
humane feeming. Shakefpeart.

Let my debtors have confcionable fatisfaftion.

Wotton,
Co'nscion ableness. n, f. [from con-
/cionable.l Equity; reafonableuefs. DiS.
Co'nscionably. adu, [from confcion^
abk.'\ In a manner agreeable to con-
fcience ; reafonably ; juftly.

A prince muft be ufed confcionahly as well as ■
common perfon. Taylor' t Holy Living,

Co'nscious. at//, [confcius, Latin.]

1. Endowed with the power of knowing
one's own thoughts and aftions.

Matter hath no life nor perception, and is not
confcious of its own evidence. BentLy's Sermons.

Among fubftances, fopoe are thinking or con-
fcious beings, or have a power of thought.

IVatts's Logick.

2. Knowing from memory ; having the
knowledge of any thing without any
new information.

The damfel then to Tancred fent.
Who, confcious of th' occafion, fear'd th' event.

Dryd.n.

3. Admitted to the knowledge of any
thing : with to.

The reft ftood trembling, ftruck with awe divine j
>Eneas only, confcious to the (ign,
Prefag'd th' event. Drydcn't Mneii.

Kofcs or honey cannot be thou^hc to fjiiell of
tafte their own fwcetnef?, or an organ be confcious
to its mufick, or gunpowder 10 its dalhing or noife.
Bentley's Sermons.

4. Bearing witnefs by the diftate of con-
fcience to any thing.

The queen had been folicitous with the king on
liis behalf, being confcious to hcrl^lf that he had
been encouraged by her. Chrctidon.

Co'nscious LY. ad-v. [from confcious. "[
With knowledge of pnc's own aftions.

If thcfc perceptions, with their confcioufnefs,
alw.nys remained in the mind, the fime thinking
thing would be always confcioufly prefent. Lockt,

Co'nsciousness. tt.f. [{tomco>!/cious.'\
I. The perception of Vr-hat pafles in a
man's own mind, Lockt.

If fpirit be without thinking, I have no idea of
any thing left j thcieforc confcioufnefs muft be its
eQ'cntial attribute. - ffetts't Logiek,

t D 2. In.

CON

* Internal fenfe of gailt, or inflocence.
No min doubts of a Saprcme Being, until,
from the cmfthufrtji of his proTocitions, Ic be-
come his iatcrell there diould be none.

Gtvcrnmtnt eflht Tongue.
Such ideas, no doubt, they would have Bad,
had not their cmfchufnefi to themfelve', of their
ignorauce of them, kept them from fo idle an at-
tecipt* Lvcke.

An honeft mind is not !n the power of a diflio-
neft : co break its peace, theic muft be foroc guilt
or confdoufttefi* Vo^'

Co'nscript. adj. [from fow/Z-r/'/'ff, Lat.]
A term afed in fpeakine; of the Roman
fcnators, who were called Patres con-
fcripti, from their names being written
in the regifter of the fenate.

CoNSCRi'pTiON. ti.f. [con/criptio, Latin.]
An enrolling or rcgiftering. Di^.

To CO'NSECRATE. v. u. [confecro, Lat.]

1 . To make facred ; to appropriate to fa-
cred ufes.

Enter into the holieft by the blood of Jefus, by
a new and living way which he hath ccnftcralcd for
us. Htb. X. zo.

Shall I abufe this anficrtted gift
Of fticngth, again returning with tny hair ? Mill.

A bifhip ouglit not to confeerate a church which
the patron has built for filthy gain, and not for
true devotion. A^Vtffe.

2. To dedicate inviolably to fome particu-
lar purpofe, or perfon : with to.

He ftall onfccrett unto the Lord the days of
his feplration, and (hall bring a lamb of the firft
year for a trefpafs ofF;:ring. Numb. vi. 12.

3. To canoni7,e.
Co'nsecrate. adj. [from the verb.]

Confecrated; facred; devoted; devote;
dedicated.

The water ccnficrati for facrifice
Appears a'l black. TfaVer.

Siiouldil thou but hear I were licentious ;
And rhnt this body, cor.fecrsu to thee,
By ruffian luft fhould be contaminate.

Shaktjptare i Coimdy of Erreurs.

The cardinal, {landing before the choir, lets

tJiem know that they were alTembled in that ron-

ficrate place to fing unto God. Bacori'i Henry Vil,

Into thcfe fecrct fhades, cried ihe,
How dar'd thon be fo bold

To enter, canfecrate to me ;
Or touch this hallow'd mold ? Drayton's Cynthia.

Co'nSECR ATOR. «. / [from confccrate.'\
One that performs the rites by which
»ny thing is devoted to facred purpofes.

Whether it be not againft the notion of a fa-
crament, that the conjecraior alone fhould partake
of it. Atterhury.

Consecra'tion. n. f. \^xaTs\ tottfurate.'l

4. A rite or ceremony of dedicating anil

devoting things or perfons to the fervice

of God, with an application of certain

proper folemnities. AyUffis Par.

At the ertftion and eonficraihn as well of the

tabernacle as uf the temple, it pleafcd the Almighty

to give a fign. lloiker.

The tenfeerat'ion of h'.s God is upfln his heaJ.

Numi. vi. 7.

We mult know that eonfecraian makes not a

place facred, but only folemnly declares ic fo : the

g'ft of :he owner to' Cod makes it God's, and

confe^uentiy facieJ. South..

8. The aft of declaring one holy by ca-
nonization.

The calendar fwclls with new tenftcrttiom of

faints. //«/f.

CO'NSECTARY. adj. [from confeaarius,

Lat] Confeqaent ; confcquential ; fol-

iewin^bjT confcquence.

CON

From the Inconfiftent md contrary determina-
tions thereof, eonjeaery impieties and conclufions
may arife. Brown.

Co'NSBCTARy. n.f. [from the adjeftive.]

Deduftion from premifes; confequence;

corollary.
Thefe propoGtions are confiffarlet drawn from

the obfervations. fVoodiuarA's Natural Hijloh/.
Consecu'tion. «./. [ccn/ecudo, Latin.T
1. Train of confequences ; chain of <Ie-

duftions; concatenation of propofitions.

Some confrcutions are fo intimately and evidently
cotinexed to or found in the premifes, that the
conclulion is attained, and without any thing of
ratiocinative progrefs. HaJt.

z. SuccefTion.

In a quick confmikr. of the colours, the im-

preflton of ever)- colour remains in the fenforium.

NetatQn's Oftich.

3. In aftronomy.

The month of coirficulhn, or, as fome term it,
of progreffion, is the fpacc between one conjunc-
tion of the moon with the fun unto another.

Brtnvn's Vulgar Errours.

The mooh makes four quarterly fcafont within
her little year, or month of confecution. Holder,

CONSE'CUTIVE. adj. [co>i/icuti/, Fr.]

Following in train ; uninterrupted ;
fucceffive.

That obligation upon the lands did not come
into difufe but by fifty conjtcui'me years of exemp-
tion. Arbuthnci 'in Coi':3.

2. Confequential ; regularly fucceeding.
This is feeming to comprehend only the aftions
of a man, cofifnuthie to volition. Lovke.

Conse'cutively. adv. [from confecu-
ti've.\ A term ufed in the fchool phi-
lofophy, in oppofition to antecedently,
and fometimcs to effeai'jely or caufally.

Diil.

To Conse'minate. f. a. [con/emino, La-
tin.] To fow different feeds together.

Conse'nsion. n. /. [con/ert/io, Latin.]
Agreement ; accord.

A great number of fuch living and thinking
particles could not poffibly, by their mutual con-
taft, and prcffing and ftriking, compofe one greater
individual animal, with one mind and undcrftand-
ing, and a vital cinfenjion of the whole body. Btnilty.

CONSE'NT. n.f. [ccn/en/us. Latin.]

1. The aft of yielding or confenting.

I am far from excufmg or denying that compli-
ance ; for plenary conjent it was not. King Cfarliu.

When thou canft truly call thefe virtues thine,
Ee wife and free, by heav'n's eonfent and mine.

Dry Jen' t Per/.

2. Concord ; agre?ment ; accord ; unity
of opinion.

The fighiing winds would ftnp there and admire.
Learning «»/«»/ and concord from his lyre.

Cotvt. DaviJeis.

j. Coherence with; relation to; corre-
fpondence.

Demons fpund
In fire, air, flood, or under ground,
Whofe pnwfr hath a true cf>nfent
With planet, or wilh element. Milion.

4.. Tendency to one point ; joint opera-
tion.

Such is the world's great harmony, that fprings
From union, order, full rt»/fi(» of things. Pofe.

5. In phyfick.

The perception one part has of another, by
means of fome fibres and nerves common to them
both ; and thus (he (lone in the bladder, by velli-
cating the fibres ihert^ will aflirft and draw them
fo into (pafms, as to aficil the bowels in the fame
manner by the tBterfflcdiatim 0/ nervous tikreids,
{

CON

and C1U& a colick ; and extend tbeir twiches fdine'
times to the ftomacb, and occafion vomitings.

^iney.

To Cokse'wt. v. ft. [con/entio, Latin.]

1 . To be of the fame mind ; to agree.

Though what thou tell'ft fome doubt within me
move.
But more defire to hear. If thou eonfent,
The full relation. Milton,

2. To co-operate to the fame end.

3. To yield ; to give eonfent ; to allow ;
to admit : with to.

Ve comets, fcourge the bad revolting ftarj
That have cmfented unit Henry's death.

Shattrffrtre't Henry VI.

In this we eonfent unto you, if ye will be as we be.

Genefis,

What in deep thou didft abhor to dream.
Waking thou never wilt eonfent to do. Mi/ton,

Their num'rous thunder would awake
Dull earth, which does with hcav'n eonfent
To all they wrote. Waller.

Consenta'neous. adj. [ eoitfentaneus,
Lat.] Agreeable to ; confiftent with.

In the piQure of Abraliam facrificing his fon,
Ifaac is defcrJbed a little boy ; which is not eon-
fenijneoui unto the circumftance of the text.

Brown's Vtilg4r Eircurs,
It will coft no pains to bring you to the know-
ing, nor to the praQice ; it being very agreeable
and confentaneous to every one's natuie.

Hammond's Praliica! Cateehifm.

Consenta'neously. adv. [from confen-
taneous.1 Agreeably; confidently; fuit-
ably.

Paracelfus did not always write fo confcntaneoufly
to himfelf, that his opinions were confidently to be
collefled from every place of his writings, where he
fcems to exprefs it. Boyle,

Consenta'neousness. n. f. [from «»-
fentancous.'] Agreement ; confiftence.

Dia.

Conse'ntient. €iJj. [eonfent ietis.'L^un.']
Agreeing ; united in opinion ; not dif-
fering in fentiment.

The authority due to the confentient judgment
and pradicc of the univerfal church.

Oxford Reajons agairji the Covenant.

CO'NSEQUENCE. ». /. [ confejuentia,

Latin.]
I . That which follows from any caufe or

principle.
8. Event ; efFeft of a caufe.

Spirits that know
All mortal confequences have pronounc'd it.

Sbakeffteare's Macbeth,
Shun the bitter eorfequen'e\ for know,
The day thou eateft thereof, thou (halt die.

Milton, ■

3. Propofition colleftcd from the agree-
ment of other previous propofitions j
deduftion ; conclufion.

It is no good confijuence, that feafon aims at
our being happy, therefore it foibids all voluntary
fulfeiings. Decay of Piety.

4. The laft propofition of a fyllogifm : aj,
tuhat is commanded by cur Saviour is our
duty ; prayer is commanded-, conf. tberefort
prayer is our duty.

Can fyllogifm fct things right ?
No, majors foon with minors fight;
Or, both in friendly confort join'd,
The eonfquence limps falfe behind. Pr'ttr,

5. Concatenation of caufes and effefts ;
confecution.

Sorrow being the nataral and dirciS offer of fin,
that wljich firft brought fin into the world, muft,
by BecciTary covfequetce, bring ia forrow tgo. South.

1 fcl(

CON

CON

...CON

I felt
Tint I muft after thee, with tliis thy fon !
Such fatal consequence unites us three.

M:lion'i Farntiifr hoji.

%. That which produces confequences ; in-
fluence ; tendency.

Aflerted without any colour of fcripturc-proof ;
it is of ver^' ill c^rftquence to the fuperftfudling of
good life. HammmJ.

7. Importance; moment.
The ioftrumeat, of dtrknefi
Win us wi th h^jneil criHe^, to 1 e:ray us
In deepeft cunjetjueme, Shahfpeitre's Machctb*

The anger of Achilles was of luch ctnjrjuince,
that it embroiled the kings of Greece.

jiJiliUn^i SpeEiator.

Their people are funk in poverty, ignorance, and

cowardice ; and of as little Cinfc(^uence as women

and children. Sivift,

Co'KSEqj-'ENT. eu/J. [confiquens, Latin.]

1. Following by rational deduftion.

2. Following as the effeft of a caufe : with
10.

It was not a power poflible to be inherited, be-
eaufe the right was conftftieni 10, and built on, an
aft perfeflly perfonal. Locke.

3. Sometimes with upon.

This fatisfaflion or difTatisfadion, tmjejueni
upon a man's acting fuitablr cu- unfuitably to con-
fcience, is a priiiciple not e.>lily u be worn out.

South.
Co'nseqjjent. n.f.

1 . Confequence ; that which follows from
previous propoiitions by rational deduc-
tion.

Doth it fallow that they, being not the people
of Cod, arc in nothing to be tuUawed ? This
cen/equent were good, if only the cullom of the
people of God is to be nbferved. Iloiier.

2. Effedl; that which follows an ailing
caufe.

1 hey were ill paid ; and they were ill governed,
which is always a conffjuent of ill payment.

Da-vies on heljnd.

He could fee cDnfefuents yet dormant in their

principles, and effedls, yet unborn. South.

Conseque'ntial. aJJ. [ from confequent. ]

1 . Produced by the neceffary concatena-
tion of effeds to caufes.

We fomi:times wrangle, when we fliould debate j
A tonjtqueni'tal ill which freedom draws ;
A bad ef^d, but from a noble caufe. Prhr,

2. Having ths confequences juftiy connect-
ed with the premifes ; conclufive.

Th>ugh thcfe kind of arguments may fecm cb-
fcurc i yet, upon a due confideration of tiicm,
they arc highly confejuenlhl and concludcnt to my
purpofe. ^ Ha!e't Origin c/Maniii.J.

CONSECiUE'KTI ALLY. «</.!;. [from CO/t/e-
quenlia/.'j

1. With juft deduftion of confequences ;
with right connexion of ideas.

No body writes a book without meaning fomc-

thing, though he may not have the faculty of

writir,g confijuential/y, andcxpreffing hi* meaning.

j^ddijans IVhig Exumher.

2. By confequence ; not immediately ;
eventually.

This relation is fo ncccflary, that God himfelf
cannot difchargc 3 rational creature from it ; al-
though conjrrjuentwlly indeed he may do fo, by the
annihilation of fuch creatures. Sctib.

3. In a regular feries.

Were a man a king in his dreams, and a beggar
awake, and dreamt Cinfrqumiially, and in continued
unbroken fchemes, would he be in reality a king
or a beggar ? Mdifon.

CoNSE(y;E'NTiALNEsa. n.f. [from con-
fiqiieniial.] Regular confccution of dif-
courfe. Diii.

Co'njeQjjBNTi.Y. Wa*. [from ct)ti/eqtient.'\
I. By confequence; neceffariJy ; inevita-
bly : by the connexion of effeds to their
caufes.

In the moft perfeft poem a perfeft idea was re-
quired, and confe^tdcittly all poets Ought rather to
imitate it. Drydtti.

The place of the fcvcral forts of tcrreftrial mat-
ter, fuftiincd in the fluid, being contingent and
unceitain, th:ir intermixtures with each other are
£Oiifegucrt/y fo. H^oodtvard.

z. In confequence ; purfuantly.

There is ccvjtquemly, upon this diftJnguilhing
principle, an inward fatisfaSion or diflitisfaftion
in the heart of every man, after good or evil. South.

Co'nseqj/enTness. n. /. [from «»/?-
ya<r«/.] Regular connexion of propor-
tions ; confecution of difcourfe.

Let them examine the i-sfr/cyMtnrw^ of the whole

body of the doctrine I deliver.

Dighy on the Soul, Dedication.
Conse'rvable art)', [from conjir'vo, Lat.

to keep.] Capable of being kept, or

maintained.
Conse'rvancv. n.f. [from canfervans,

Lat.] Courts held by the Lord Mayor

of London, for the prefervation of the

fifliery on the river Thames, are called

Courts of Confervancy.
Conserva'tion. n.f. [ct»ifervatio,lAt.'\

1 . The aft of preferving ; care to keep
from perilhing ; continuance ; protec-
tion.

Though there do indeed happen fome alterations
in the globe, yet they are fuch as tend rather to
the benefit and confervjticn of the earth, and its
productions, than to the diforder and deftruftion
of both. ff'iodtvard'i Natural Hijlory.

2. Prefervation from corruption.

It is an enquiry of excellent ufe, to enquire of
the means of preventing or ftaying of putrefadlion ;
for therein confideth the means of confcrvati'jn ot
bodies. ' Bacon^s Natural liijlory.

Conse'rvative. adj. [from confer'va, La.-
tin.] Having the power of oppofing
diminution or injury.

The Iphcrical figure, as to alt heavenly bodies,
fo it agreeth to light, as the moft perfect and con-
fer'vjtive of all others. P-eacham.

Conserva'tor. n.f. [Latin.] Preferver;
one that has the care or office of keeping
any thing from detriment, diminution,
or extindtion.

For that you declare that you hjvc many fick
amongft you, hp was warned by the cotifervator of
the city, that he fhould keep at a diflance.

Bacon 3 New jitlantis.

The lords of the fecret council were likewjle
made ecnjcr-uatori of the peace of the two king-
doms, during the intervals of parliament. Clarcr.d.

Such Individuals as are the fingle corfervaton of
their own fpecics. Jiale's Origin of Mankind.

Conse'rvatorv. n. f. [from confer'vo,
Lat.] .A place where any thing is kept
in a manner proper to its pccaliar na-
ture, as, fifh in a pond, corn in a gra-
nary.

A cor.jtrvatory of fnow and ice, fucb as they ufe
for delicacy to cool wine in fummer.

Bacon' I Natural llijiory.

You may fct your tender trees and plants, wirh
the uiiidowb and doors of the greenhoufcs and
eonjir ualoritt open, for eight or ten days before
April. E-jflyn^i KaUrttar.

The water difpenfod to the earth and. atmolphsrc
by the great abvfi, that fubterranean confer-ualory,
is by that meant leftored back.

ff'u'dtvjrd'l Nftturttl Ujjiory.

Conse'rvatorv. aJj. Having a prefer-
vative quality. Dia.

To CONSE'RVE. -r. a. [conftrnjo, Latin.]
I. To preferve without lofs or detriment.

Nothing was loft out of thcfe ftores, fince the
art of can/cvcing what others have gained in know-
ledge is eafy. ' TfirjU:

They will be able to conferve their properiiei
unchanged in pafiing through feverai mediums;
which is another condition of the rays of I'ght.

NiWIoii's Opii'.h.

%. To candy or pickle fruit.
Conse'rve. n.f. [from the verb.]

1. h fweatmeat made of the infpiirated
juices of fruit, boiled with fugar till
they will harden and candy.

Will 't pleafe your honour, tafte of thefe con-
ferves f Spfkejfeare.

They have in Turky and the Eafl certain con-
fedlions, which they call fcrvcts, which are like to
candied cottj'er'vesj and are made of fugaf and le-
mons. Bacon* s Natural Hifiory.

The more co(t they were at, and tiie more
fweetsthey bellowed upon them, the more their foe-
fer-jes Hunk. Dennn.

2. A confervatory or place in which any
thing is kept. This fenfe is unufual.

Tuberofes will not endure the wet of this fej-
fon i therefore fet the pots into your cotrferve, and
keep them dry. E-jilyn's Kateudar.

Conse'rver. n.f. [from conferve.^

1 . A layer up ; a repofiter ; on^ that
prcferves any thing from lofs or dimi-
nution.

He hath been moft induftrious both colledlor
and confcrver of choice pieces in that kind.

Ilayicard.

In the Eaflcrn regions there fcems to have been
a general cuftom of the ptiells having been the per-
petual confervcri of knowledge and llory. Temple.

2. A preparer of conferves.
Conse'ssion. n.f. Ico/ifJ^OyLiUa.] A

fitting together.
Conse'ssor. n.f. [Latin.] One that fits

with others, Di^.

To CONSl'DER. -v. a. {confidero, Latin.]

1. To think upon with care ; to ponder ;
to examine ; to fift ; to ftudy.

At our more conftdcrd time we'll read,
Anfwer, and think upon this bufinefs.

Sbakefpeare' t Httvtht.

2. To take into the view ; not to omit in
the examination.

It fcems necclfiry, in the choice of perfons far
greater empl-.yments, to covjider their bodies as
well as their minds, and ages and health as well as
their abilities. "-TctnpU,

3 . To have regard to ; to refpefl j not to
defpife.

Let us confider one another to provoke unto love,
and to good works. ^ Ihhn-ws. x. 24.

4. Jn the imperative mood it is a kind of
interjedion ; a word whereby attention
is fuininoned.

Corjlthrf
Thy life hath yet been private, moll part fpcnt
At home. Miltoii'i Paradife Regained.

5- To requite ; to reward one for his
trouble.

Take away with thee the very fen-ices t'lou ha4
done, which if I have not enough conjidercd^ to be
more tliankful to thee rtiall be my ftuJy.

Shjkcjpeare'i Hunter's tali.

To Consi'der. v. II.
I. To think maturely j notw judge haftily
or raflily.

None t'^n/dirctb in hi: heart, ncttlier is there
knowledge DOC under/landing, IJaiaii, xliv. 1.

3 D 2 z. Ta

CON

2. To deliberate ; to work in the mind.

Widow, we will ccrjultr of your fuit ;
. And come Come other time to know our mind.

■Sbjifff^are*s Henry VI.

Such a treatife might be coniultej by jurymen,

before they ttr.Jid<r o( their verdiA. Swift,

3. To doubt; to hefitate.

M^iny max'd eati/jturings did throngs
Andprtrs'd in with this caution. Stai.H.VlU.

'Twas grief no more, or grief and rage were one
Within her foul ; at lalt 'twas ragi? alone j
Which, burning upwards, in fuccenian dries
The te .rs that Itood arfijcring in her eyes.

Dryiicn^i Fjbfit*

CbNsroERABtE. at(/. [from lonfiJcr.]

1. Worthy of confideration ; worthy of
regard and attention.

I Eternity is infinitely the moft ccnJUeraile dura.

ti«n. liJUffon.

It is arJiiltraHe, that feme urns have had in-

fcriptions on them, exsr^fling that tlie lamps were

burninj. jynyim.

2. Refpeftable ; above negleft j deferving
notice.

■Men nrifidcrable in all worthy profcflions, emi-
nent in many ways of life. Sfratt'i Strmons.

I am fo cofjidcrablt a man, tliat ] cannot have
lefs than forty fliiUingi a year. Miilf. Frctbuldir.

3. Important ; valuable.

Chrift, inftead of applauding St. Peter's zeal,
upbraided his abfurdity, that could think his mean
aids cmfdcrabli to him, who could command Ic-
gions of angels to his refcue. Dicay cf Piety.

In painting, not every aQion, nor every perfon.
Is ccitfidirablt enough to enter into the cloth.

DrydtrCi Dufrefr.oy.

Many can make thcmfelves maftcrs cf as ccn-
JiJcrtbU cftates as thofe who have the grtateft por-
tions of land. Addij'cti.

4. More than a little. It has a middle
fignification between little and great.

Many brought in very eotifidtrabU fums of mo-
J5cy. C/arfrrdott,

Very probably a cmfiJtrabJe part of the earth is
jTt unknown. H^ilkins.

Thofe earthy particles, when they came to be
colledled, would conflitute a body of a very «»-
Jidtrable thickncfs and folidity.

Burnet's Thecry of the Earth.
Every cough, though fevere, and of fome con-
Jiderable continuance, is not of a confumptive na-
ture, nor prefagcs dilTolucion and the grave.

Blacltmi>re.
Consi'derableness. n.f. [from conji-
tlerahle.'\ Importance; dignity; mo-
ment ; value ; defert ; a claim to notice.

We mull not always meafure the ccnfiderableneJ!
of things by their mod obvious and immediate
ufefulncfs, but by their (itnefs to make or contri-
bute to the difcovery of things highly ufeful.

Bcyh.
Their moft flight and trivial occurrences, by
being theirs, they think acquire a cmfderahleneji,
and are forcibly impofed upon the company.

Gcvcratnent of the Tongue.

Consi'dehablv. aJv. [from conftdtr-

aHt.-\
I. In a degree deferving notice, though

jiot the iugheft.

And Europe fltll cortfidcrahty gains
Both by their good example and their pains.

^tf common.

«. With Importance ; importantly.

I defire no fort of favour fo much, as that of

ferving you more anfidcrably than I have been

yet able to do. Pope.

Consi'derance.' «. / [from ccnjtiier.']

Confideration ; refleflion ; fobcr thought.

After this cold confidereKce, fentence me ;
And, 3s you ate a king, fpeak in your Hate
Ttut 1 liave duac that milbccame my place.

Sbakefpiare's Httiry IV

CON

CoNSi'ocilATE. adj. [cenJiJeratui, Lat.]

1 . Serious ; given to confideration ; pru>'
dent ; not rafh ; not negligent.

I will converfe with iron-witted fools,
And onrefpcilive boys : none are for me,
That lojk into me with conJiJerale eyes.

Sbakeffeart'i Richard III.

iEneas is patient, eonjidoale, and careful of hii
people. Diyden'i Fablet, Preface.

I grant it to be in many cafes certain, that it is
fuch as a confde*-are man may prudently rely and
proceed upon, and hath no ju{l caufe to doubt of.

Tillolfon.

The expediency, in the prefent junfiure, may
appear to every conf derate man. Mdif.n.

2. Having refped to ; regardful. Little
ufed.

Though they will do nothing for virtue, yet
they may be prefumcd more conftjerate of praife.

Decay of Piety.

3. Moderate ; not rigorous. This fenfe is
much ufed in converfation.

Consi'derately. adv. [from conJiJe-
rale.'\ Calmly; coolly; prudently.

Circumflances are of fuch force, as they fway
an ordinary judgment of a wife man, not fully and
confidcratcly pondering the matter.

Bacon's Colours of Good and Evil.

Consi'derateness. n. f. [from conji-
dirate.'\ The quality of being confi-
derate ; prudence. Di£l.

Consider a'tion. n.f. [from f«»^d'?r.]

1 . The aft of confidering ; mental view ;
regard ; notice.

As to prefent happinefs and mifery, when that
alone comes in confideration^ and the confequenccs
are removed, a man never chufcs amifs. Locke,

2. Mature thought; prudence; ferious
deliberation.

Let us think with eonfidcralion, and confider with
acknowledging, and acknowledge with admira-
tion. Sidney,

The breath no foonerleft his father's body.
But that his wildnefs mortified in him ;
Ccnjideralion, like an angel, came,
And whipt th' oifending Adam out of him.

Slatejfeare'i Henry V.

3. Contemplation ; meditation upon any
thing.

The love you bear to Mopfa hath brought you
to the confideration of her virtues, and that con-
fideration may have made you the more virtuous,
and fo the more worrhy, Sidney.

4. Importance ; claim to notice ; worthi-
nefs of regard.

Lucan is the only author of confderation among
the Latin poets, who was not explained for the
ufe of the dauphin; becaufe the whole Pharfalia
would have been a fatire upon the French form of
government. Addijon's Freeholder.

5. Equivalent; compenfation.

We are provident enough not to part with any
thing fcrviceable to our bodies under a good confi-
deration, but make little account of our fouls.

Ray on the Creation,

Foreigners can never take our bills for pay-
ment, though they might pafs as valuable confide-
raticns among our own people. Locke.

6. Motive of aftion ; influence ; ground
of conduft.

The confideration, in regard whereof the law
. forbiddeth thefe things, was not becaufe thofe na-
tions did ufe them. Hooker.

He had been made general upon very partial,
and not enough deliberated, c^nf deration!, Clarend,

He was obliged, antecedent to all other confide-
rati'.ns, to fearch an afylum. Dryden,

The world cannot pardon your concealing it, on
the fame corfideratien, Dryden.

CON

7. Reafon ; ground of concluding.

Not led by any commandment, yet movtd with
fuch confderations as have been before fet down.

Hooker,

Ufes, not thought upon before, be reafonable
caufcs of retaining that which other confiderations
did procure to be inllituted. Hooker,

8. [In law.] Confideration is the material
caufe of a contrail, without which no
contraft bindeth. It is either exprefled,
as if a man bargain to give twenty
(hillings for a horfe ; or el(e implied, a«
when a man comes intoi an inn, and
taking both meat and lodging for him-
felf and his horfe, without bargaining
with the hoft, if he difcharge not the
houfe, the hoil may Hay his horfe.

Co^vell.
Cohfsi'DERER. n, /, [{wm con/der,^ A
man of refleftion ; a thinker.

A vain applaufc of wit for an impious jeft, or
of reafon for a deep confd.rer.

Government of the Tongvf^

Consi'derinc. [This is a kind of con-
junftion : it had been more grammati-
cally written confidered ; -vu, French ;
but confidering is always ufed. j If allow-
ance be made for.

It is not poflible to aft otherwife, confdering
the weaknefs of our nature. SpeSlarcr,

roCONSI'GN. 'V. a, [configno, Lil.)

1. To give to another any thing, with the
right to it, in a formal manner ; to
give into other hands ; to transfer :
fometimes with /o, fometimes over to.

Men, by free gift, confgn over a place to the Di-
vine worfliip. South,

Muft I pafs
Again to nothing, when this vital breath
Ceafmg, confgns me o'er to reft and death ? Prior,

At the day of general account, good men are
then to be ccnjigmd vuer to another Ai^x, a ftate of
everlafting love and charity. Atterlur-^.

2. To appropriate ; to quit for a certain
purpofe.

The French commander ctm/lgned it to the ufe
for which it was intended by the donor.

Drydtn's Fables, Dtdicalion,

3. To commit ; to entruft.

The four evangelifts confgned to writing that
hiftory. Md'ijon.

Atridcs, parting for the Trojan war,
Conjign'd tha youthful confort to his care.

, Pofe'sOdyfTey.

To CONSI GN. V. n,

1. To fubmit to the fame terms with an-
other. This is not now in ufe.

Thou haft linilh'd joy and moan ;
All lovers young, all lovers muft
Confign to thee, and come to duft. Shakeff, Cymi.

2. To fign ; to confent to. Obfolete.

A maid yet rofed over with the virgin crimfoa
of modefty : it were a bard condition for a maid
to conjgn to. Shakefpeare.

Consiona'tion. n.f, [from <■<?«/%«.]

1. The aft of configning ; the aft by
which any thing is delivered up to an-
other.

As the hope of falvation is a good difpofition
tpwards it, fo is defpair a certain con/ignation to
eternal ruin. Taylor.

2. The aft of figning.

If we find that ve incrcafe in duty, then we
may look upon the tradition of the holy facra-
mcntal fymbols as a direft conjignaiion of pardoA.

Taylor's tyortby Communicant,

CoNSi'cNMENT. ff.y. [from ««/%«.]
I. The aft of configning.

z. The

CON

CON

a. The writing by which any thing is con-
figned.

Consi'milar. <2^'. [from cd»/tmilis, La-
tin.! Having one sommon refemblance.

Dia.

To CONSI'ST. v. n. icotifipo, Latin.]

1 . To fubfift ; not to perifli.

He is befoie all tWiigs, and by him all things
cmfiji. . CdJ'wvi.

2. To continue fixed, without diffipatjon.

Flame doth not mingli with flame, as air doth
with air, or water with water, but only remaineth
contiguous; as it Cometh to pafs betwixt corfifilng
bodies. Bacon's Natural Hijicry.

It is againft the nature of water, being a flexible
and ponderous body, to ci>i:Jjfi and ftay itfelt', and
not fall to the lower parta ab jut it.

Brerivuxd en Lannaga.

3. To be comprlfed ; to be contained.

1 pretend not to tie tbc hands of artiils, whofe
Ikill {nfps only in a certain manner which they
have aflfcfled. Drydcn.

A great beauty of letters does often corjlft in
little paiTages cf private comxrfation, and refe-
rences to particular matters. tf'eljh,

4. To be compofed.

The land would cuvjiji of plains, and vallies, and
mountains, according as the pieces of this ruin
were difpofed. Burrct.

5. To have being concurrently ; to co-
exift. ••

Neccflity and elcQion cannot ccv/tft tjSjether in
the fame aft. Bramlall <i^»%* Ihbiis.

6. To agree ; not to oppofe ; not to con-
tradict; not to counteradl: itYizs ivith
before the thing compared, or coexiftent.

Hii majelly would be willing to conf-nt to any
thing that could ciiffji ■with his confcicnce and
hunour. C/ciritta'.n.

Nothing but what may t*Si\y4tn/J} tvilh your
plenty, your profperity, if reijuclled of you.

Sj>rart't Sermons,

You could not help bellowing more than is
emfiftirg tvith the fortun ; of a private man, or with
tiie will of any but an Alexander.

Dryilen's Talks, Diiicathr.,

It cannot rtii/^ lUj/A the Divine Atitii.utes, that
the impious man*8 joys lliould, upon thr whole,
exceed thofe of the upiight. Aiterbury.

Health ctmfifis •with teir.ferance alone. Ptft.

The only way of fecuring the conllitution wlU
be by lelTening the power of domeftick advcrfaries,
as much as can corfif lu'ilb lenity. Sviift,

CoNsi'sTENCE. la. /. [coiijtjlentia, low
Co N s I's T E N c Y . 3 Latin.]

1. State with rcfped to material exigence.

Water, being divided, maketh many circles, till
it reftore itfelf to the natural eon/flenci,

Baccti't Natural Hrjicry,

The onjiftncin of bodies are very divers : denfe,
rare, targible, pncumatical, volatile, Hxed, deter-
minate, indeterminate, hard, and foft.

Bacon's Natural HlJIory.

There is the fame necefliry for the Divine in-
fluence and regimen, to order and govern, conferve
and keep together, the univerfe in that confijience it
hath received, as it was at firft to give it, ijefore it
could receive it. Hales Origin of ManHnd.

I carried on my enquiries farther, to try whether
this rifing world, when formed and liniOied, would
continue always the fame, io the fame form, ftruc-
ture, and tmfiftency. Burnet.

2. Degree of dcnfencfs or rarity.

Let the expreflcd juices be boilei into the cott-
fjlenee of a fyrup. jlrhuihmt cnAlimems.

3. Subftance ; form ; make.

Hi* friendfliip is of a noble make, and a laftir,-
ewfifiercj' 6'oa/i'i Sertnons.

4. Durable or lading <l.'\te.

Meditation will confirm rcfoluiionsof good, and
give ihem a durable cinfijicnce in the foul, hiatnmonj.

Thsfe are fundamental trutiis that He tt the
bottom, the bails upon which many others reft,
and in which they have their cmjijienciti teeming
and rich in flore, with which tliey furnifli the
mind. Locke.

5. Agreement with itfelf, or with any
other thing; congruity ; uniformity.

That unlijiency of behaviour, whereby he in-
flexibly puifues thofe mcafures which appear the
moft juft and equitable. AMfin's FrecbiUer.

6. A Hate of reft, in which things capable
of growth or decreafe continue for fonie

-time at .1 ftand, without either; as the
growth, confijhnce, and return. Chamb.
Con si's TENT. adj. \j:onftJiens, Lat.]

1. Not contradiiElory ; not oppofed.

With reference to fuch a lord, to terve, and to be
free, are terms not corjijieni only, but eijuivalent.

Scittth.
A great part of their politicks others do not
think canjijlinl with honour to piaftife.

AJJiJn en Italy.
On their own axis as the planets run.
Yet make at once their circle r und the fun ;
So two I'jnfjient motions afl tlie foul.
And one regards itfelf, and one tiie whole.

Pope's EJfays.
Shew me one that has it in his power
To aft ccnjtjlenl with himfelf an hour. Fope.

Tlie fool corfP^nt, and the fallc fincere. Pofi.

2. Firm; not fluid.
Peftilential miafms Infinuate into the humoral

and ccmfjlir.i parts of the body.

Harvey on Confumptions.

The fand, contained within the ftell, becoming

folid and coK/tftent, at the fame tiiiie that of the

ftratum without it did. H^wduiard's Nat. Hjf..

CoNSl'sTENTLY. adv. [ftom confiJicnt.'\

Without contradidlion ; agreeably.

The Phcenicians are of this charafter, and the

poet defcribcs them cmji^ently with it ! they are

proud, idle, and efl'eminate. Brume.

Consisto'rial. adj. [from confijiorj.']

Relating to the ecclefialtical court.

An ofticial, or chanccliir, lias the fame carjijlo-
rial audience with the bilhop himfelf that dt-putes
him. Ayliffc's Panrgon.

CO'NSISTORY. «./ [coKfyhrium, Lat.]

1. The place of juftice in the court Chrif-
tian. Coive/l.

An offerwas made, that, fcreveryone mitiifter,
tlierc (hould be two of the people to fit and give
voice in the cccleliailical confiJl:ry. Hooker^ VrcJ.

Pius was then hearing of caules in eonfijiory.

Bacon.

Chrift himfelf, in that great eonfijlory, (hali
deign to ftcp down from his tlirone. South.

2. The aflembly of cardinals.

How farl''.e proceeded,
Or how far further fhall, is warranted
By a cummiflion from the co?t/fJhry,
Yea the whcle cBnJiJi'ry of Rome. Shak. II. VIII.
A late prelate, of remarkable xeal for the
church, were religions to be tried by lives, would
have lived down the pope and the whole ccnjijlory.

jitlerbury.

3. Any folemn aflembly.

In mid air
To council fummons all his mighty peers
Within thick clouds, and dark, tenfold involv'd,
A gloomy ccnfjiory, MihorCs Paradife Regained.

At Jove's aflcnt, the deities around
In folemn llate the confijiory crown'd.

Pope's Slalius.

4. Place of refidcnce.

My other felf, my counfel's rimj!jhry, my oracle,
1, as a child, will go by thy direction.

Shakefpeare's Richard 111.

CoNSo'ciATE. ». /. [from fo/i/'oao, Lat.]
An accomplice ; a confederate ; a part-
ner.

CON

Patrldge and Stanhope were condemned as een-
ficialcs in the cunfpiracy ol Som -ffct. liuyward.

To CONSO'CIATE. -v. a. [cottfocio.hzu]

1. To unite ; to join.

Generally the belt outward (hapes are alfo the
l-kclicrt to be confiiioted with good inward facul-
ties, ff^eiion on Education^

2. To cement ; to hold together.

The ancient philofophers alwajs brought in a
ftipcmatural principle to unite and cot/ociate the
parts of the chaos. Burnet*

To CoKso'ciATE. 'V. n. To coalefcc ; to

unite.

If they cohered, yet by the next confliS with
other atoms they raiijht be fcparaced again, with-
out ever conjocialirg into the huge condenfc bodies
of planets. Bcnf ley's Sermons.

CoNsoci a'tion. n./. [from ton/ociate.]

1. Alliance.

There is fuch a confociation of offices betNveen
the prince and whom his favour breeds, that they
may help to fuftain his power, as he their know-
ledge. Ben 'jonpjn's Difccveries*

2. Union; intimacy; companionlhip.

By fo long and i\i various conji^jiation with a
prince, he had now gotten, as it were, two lives in
his own fortune and greatnefs. ^ iVoiton.

Conso'lable. adj. [{xoxa confole.'] That

which admits comfort.
To Co'nsolate. -v. a. [con/olor, Latin.]
To comfort ; to confole ; to footh in
mifery. Not much ufed.

i will be gone,
That pitiful rumour may report my flight.
To confolate thine ear.

Sbakfff tare's jiiri well that ends -welh
What may fomewhat conjolate all men that
honour virtue, we do not difcover the latter fccno
of bis mifery in authors of antiquity.

Brown's fulgar En ours.
Consola'tion. »./. [ccnjhlatio, Latin.]
Comfort ; alleviation of mifery ; fuch
alleviation as is produced by partial re-
medies.

Wt, that were in the jaws of death, were now
brought into a place where we found nothing but
eon/olations. Bacon,

Againft fuch cruellies,
With inward ccn/olaiions recompens'd ;
And oft fuppnrted fo, as (hall amaze
Their proujeft perfecytors. Milton's Paradije Lcfl.

Let the ilj^hcoous perfevcre with patience, fup-
ported with this conj'olatien, that their labour (hall
not be in vain. Rogers,

Consola'tor. «./. [Lat.] A comforter.
Conso'latoky. n./. [fTomcon/olaie.'\ A

fpeech or writing containing topicks of

comfort.

Confolatories writ
With fludied argument, and much perfuaflon

fought.
Lenient of grief and anxious thought.

Milton's Agonijles.
Conso'latory. adj. [from confolate.^

Tending to give comfort.
To CONSO'LE. 11. a. [cett/olcr, Lat.] To
comfort ; to cheer ; to free from the
fenfe of mifery. .

Others the fyren fifters compafs round.
And empty heads confole with empty found.

Pope's DunciaJ.

CONSO'LE. n.f. [French.] In architcc
ture, is a part or member projedling in
manner of a bracket, or fhoulder-piece,
ferviiig to fupport a cornice, buft, vafe,
beam, and frequently ufed as keys of
arches. Chambers.

Conso'ler. n.f. [ftom con/ole.] One that

gives comfort.

Pride

«. To grow firm.

CON

Pride once more jppeirt upon the ftsgf, as tht
grtat tnjtltr of the mifcrics of mair.

CcmwcKt, en FaJ>**i BJJay on Man*

C O N s o' L I D A N T . aJj . [ fro m coiifolidalc, ]

That which has the quality of uniting

wounds.

To CONSOLIDATE. i'. a. [con/oliJer,

Fr. khdus, Latin.]
I . To form into a compaft and folid body ;
to harden ; to ut(ite into a folid mafs.

The )vor<l maybe rendered, eitlicr he ftretchrd,
or he fixed and tcnjMani, the earth above the
WJters. Burnt' i Tbtcry.

The eSeft of fpirits in flopping hemorrhajjcs,
and ctrjilidalivg the fibres, is well known to chi-
rurgeons. Arhuthnot.

z. To combine or unite two parliamentary

bills into one.
To Conso'lidate. v.

hard, or foJid.

In hurts ar.d ulcers in the head, dryncis maketh
thcai more .npt to cnJMate. Bactn s Nat. Hifiory.

The fandy, fparrj , and flinty matter was then
fofr, and lufccptlblc of any form in theft (helly
moulds J and it cotJoliJaUtl and became hard after-
wards. TP^oodivard^ i Nat. Hi/Jwy,
Consolida-'tion. It./, [from con/olidale.'\

1. The aft of uniting into a folid mafs.

The confcl'idathn oi the marble, and of the Hone,
did not fall out at random, ffvulward^ Nat. H!/!.

2. The annexing of one bill in parliament
to another.

3. In law, it is ufcd for the combining and
uniting of two benefices in one. Coivell.

Conso'lio ATivE. adj. [from co>t/olidalt.'\
That which has the quality of healing
wounds. Di^.

Co'nsonance. In./. [ cottfonance, P'r.

Co'nson ANCY. J cen/onanSf'LaX..']

1. Accord of found.

The two principal cmfonanca that mod ravifli
the car, are, by the content of all nature, the fifth
and the o&ave. H^nnn.

And winds and waters fiow'd
In ccnfttnana. Tbomfon^i Spring.

Z, Confiftency ; congruence ; agreeable-
nefs.

Such dccifions held confonancy and congruity
with refolutions and dccifions of former times.

HaiVs Laiu cf England.

I have fet down this, to Ihcw the perfeft anfo-
Tottcy of our pf rfecuted church to the doftrinc of
fcripture and anti<juity. Hammond en Fundamentals.

3. Agreement ; concord ; friendftiip. A
fenfe now not ul'ed.

Let me conjure you by the rights of our fellow-
ihip, by the cmjomsncy of our youth.

Sba/uffcare's Hamlet.
CO'NSONANT. adj. {confinans, Lat.]
Agreeable -, according ; confident : fol-
lowed by either vuith or to.

Were it confinani unD reafun to divorce thefe two

fentenccs, the former of which doth (hew how the

latter is TCdraioed. tiKktr.

That where much is given there ihall be much

required, is a thing confon.m -witk natural equity.

Dttay of PUly.

Religion looks eenfnattt to itfelf. Duay of Puly.

He Jifcovers how confsnant the account which

Mofei hath left of the primitive earth, is 10 this

from nature. lyesd'ward.

Co'ksonant. «./. [ton/onani, Latin.] A
letter which cannot be founded, or but
imperfeilly, by itfelf.

In all vowels the pafl'agc of the mouth is open
and free, without any appullcof an organ of fpccch
to another : but in all eonf/nants there is an appulfe
ef the organs, fomctioics (if you abllraft the

CON

einfen.inli from the vowcli) wholly preclu<t!ng all
fiund i and, in all of them, more or Icfs checkjii;;
and abetting it. llMr's Eln:(nr>ofSf:c.L'

He confiJered thefc at they bat a jrcitcr mix-
ture of vo«tls or eon/marls, and accordingly em-
ployed them aj the vcrfe required a greater frnooth-
ncfs. I'oje'i Fflhy em iloir.tr.

Co'nsonantlt. ad-v- [from con/cnant .]
ConfiHeiuly ; agreeably,

1 his as cQnJfnantly it preacheth, teachetli, and
dclivercih, as if but one tongue did fpcak f >r all.

Hooler,

Ourfch'c'i are formed according to tliat mind

which frames things corjmantly to their refpeftive

natures. Glan^ilU" i Si\pfi,

If he will {ptik confinamff to himfelf, he mu.1

fay that happened in tlie original couftitution.

TiL'otfin.

Co'nson antness. n.f. [horn con/onaiit.'\
Agreeablcnefs ; confiftency. Di<li.

Co'nsonous. ad/, \confome!, Lat.] Agree-
ing in found ; fymphonious.

CoNsopi a'tion. n.J'. [(rom. cov/opio, La-
tin.] Theaftof laying to ileep. Little
in ufe.

One of his maxims is, that a total abftinence
from intemperance is no more philofophy, than a
total confijiiatkn of the fenfes is rcpofe.

Dighy to Poje.

CO'NSORT. »./ [cofi/crs, Latin. It had
antiently the accent on the latter fylla-
ble, but has it now on the former. Milton
has ufed them both.]

1. Companion; partner; generally a part-
ner of the bed ; a wife or hulband.

FellowHiip,
Such as I feek, fit to participate
All rational delight ; wherein the brute
Cannot be human ccnfort. Milton.

Male he created thee, but thy confort
Female for race : then bicfs'd mankind, and faid,
Be fruitful, multiply, and fill the earth.

Milton"!, Puradife Lofi.

Thy Bellona, who thy conjt^rt came
Not only to thy bed, but to thy fame. Denbam.

He fingle chofe to live, and fliunnM to wed.
Well pleas'd to want a confort of his bed.

Drydcn'i Fabla.

His warlike amazon her hoft invades,
Th' imperial conjorl of the crown of fpades. Pofe.

2. Anaflembly; a divan; aconfultation.

In one confort there fat
Cruel revenge, and rancorous defpite,
Difloyal treafon, and heart-burning hate. Fairy S^

3. A number of inftruments playitg toge-
ther ; a fymphony. This is probably a
miftake for concert.

A conjijrt of mufick in a banquet of wine, is as
a fignct of carbuncle fet in gold. Ecclus. xxxii. 5.

4. Concurrence ; union.

Take it lingly, and it carries an air of levity ;
but, in ccnjorl with the reft, has a meaning quite
different. • AiurLury.

To Conso'rt, v. n. [from the noun.] To
aifociate with ; to unite with ; to keep
company with.
What will you do ? Let's not confort with them.

Hbaktf/earc.
Which of the Grecian chiefs confora with thee ?

Dryden.

To Conso'rt. <v. a.

1. To join; to mi.t ; to marry.

He, with his ccnfoitcd Eve,
The ftory heard attentive. Aiilion't Paradife LcJI.
He begins to confort himfelf with rrvcn, and
thinks himfelf one. Loike on Educatiun.

2. To accompany. Not ufed.

I'll meet wfth ynu upon the mart.
And afteiwaid anfori you till bed time. Sbekefj^.

CON

Conso'r TABLE, atfj, [froiH conjirt.] To
be compared with ; to be ranked withj
fuitable. Not ufed.

He was (o'lj'-rieiU to Charles Brandon, under
Hei:ry VIII. who was equal to him. IVutten.

Conso'rtion. ». /. [coiifortiOf Latin.]
Partnerlhip ; fcUowfiiip ; fociety. Diet.

Cons? e'ct ABLE. adj. [from confftSm,
Latin.] Eafy to be feen. Did.

CoNSPECTu'iTy. ». f. [from coe/ptilus,
Latin.] Sight; view; fenfe of feeing. '
This word is, I believe, peculiar to
Shake/peare, and perhaps corrupt.

What harm can your biflbn ccnfj-e^iuiiies glean
out of this character ? Sbakefpcirc'i Ccriolanui,

Conspe'rsiok. n./. [co/i/perfio, Lat.] A
fprinkling about. Dii3.

CoNspicu'iTV. tt. /. [from cottjpicuous.j
Brightnefs ; favonrablenefs to the fight.

If this definition be clearer thin the thing de-
fined, midnight may vie for coajficuiiy with noon.
ClaitviJIe's Sce^Jis.

CONSPl'CUOUS. adj. [con/picuus, Lat.]

1 . Obvious to the fight ; feen at a diftance.

Or come I \^h conjpicuous ? Or what change
Abfents thee ? MUton'i Paradife LoJ},

2. Eminent; famous; dilUnguifiied.

He attributed to each of them thafvirtuc which
he thougiit moH confyicuoui in them.

Drydenz ^uvenaly Dedication.
Thy father's merit points thee out to view,
And fc s th*'e in the faireft point of light.
To make thy virtues or thy faults confpiaious.

yTddifon'i Cato.
The heufe of lords,
C'ifpicuous fceoe ! Pope's Epift. of Horace,

Co N s p I'c uous L V . ad-v. [from con/ficuous.'\

1. Obvioufly to the view.

Thefe methods may be preferved confpicucujly,
and intirely diftinfl. Walls's Logickt

2. Eminently ; famoufly ; remarkably.
CoNSPi'cuousNESs. ti. f. [ffom con/pi-

cuous. ]

1 . Expofure to the view ; ftate of being
vifible at a diftance.

Looked on with fuch a weak light, they appear
well proportioned fabricks ; yet they appear lb but
in that twilight, which is rcquifite to their ctij'pi.
cuoujncfs. Boyle's Proem. Pjjay,

2. Eminence; fame; celebrity.
Their writings a^trad more readers by the au'.

thor's anffuucufncjs. Boyle on Colours,

Conspi'racy. n.f. [coit/piralio, Latin.]
I . A private agreement among fcveral

perfons to commit fome crime ; a plot;

a concerted treafon.

O cenfpiracy !
Sham'ft thou to (hew thydang'rous brow by night,
W hen evils are moft free ? SbatcJ'p. Julius Cafar,

1 had forgot that foul conspiracy
Of the beaft Caliban, and his confed'rates,
Againlt my life. Shakejpeari's Temfcfl,

When fcarcc he had efcap'd tlie blow
Of faftion and aufpiracy.
Death did his promis'd hopes deftroy. Drydea,

;. In law, an agreement of men to do
any thing ; always t-iken in the evil
part. It is taken for a confederacy of
two, at the leaft, falfely to indidl one,
or to procure one to be indiftcd, of fe-
lony. Co-ivcl/.

;. A concurrence ; a general tendency of
many caufes to one event.

When the time new came that mifery was ripe
for him, there was a confpira.y in all heavenly and
earthly things, tu frame tic occaGens to lead him
unto it. Sidnry.

The

CON

Th« tJr appearing fo malicious !ri this mortjific
ccnffiracy, exails a more particular regard.

Har-vey on C'jrjumptions,

Conspi'rant. adj. [con/pirans, Latin.]
Confpiring ; engag )g in a confpiracy
or plot ; plotting.

Thou arc a traitor,
O"!^/™*/ 'gainft this high illuftrious prince,

Shakcfpeare"! King hear.

CoNSPiR a'tion. Tt.f. [coi/firaliii, Lat.]
An agreement of many to one end.

One would wond:r how, from fo differing pi-c-
mifes, they fliould infer tiie fame concluiion, v.-ere
It not that the ccnjpiration of intercft were too po-
tent for the diverlity of judgment. Decay cf PJc'v
Co.vspi'r ATOR. i:./. [from con/piro, La
tin.] A man engaged in a plot ; one
who has fecretly concerted with others
commilSon of a crime ; a plotter.

Achitophel is among che cmjpirtton with Ab-
falom. I Samud.

Stand back, thou manifeft cenfpiranr %
Thou tliat coQtrtv'ft tt> murder our dread lord.

Sbakcfftarci Henry VI.
But let the bold eovfpir^ltr beware ;
For beay'n makei princes its peculiar care.

, Drydm's Sfanijh Friar.

One put into his hand a note of the whole con-
fpiracy againft him, together with ail the naines of
the cin/f^irar^rt. Scutb,

To CONSPI'RE. v. n. [conJ}iro, Lat.]

1 . To concert a crime ; to plot ; to hatch
fecret treafon.

Tell me what they deferre.
That do nnffire my death with devili/h plots
Of damned witchcraft. &haktj. Richard III.

What was it
That mov'd pale CaHius to rorfpire?

Shaiiffean'i Ar.f.ny and CUifatra.

They took great indignation, and anfpind ajainft

th- king. ' Ap'!-.ryph.i.

Let the air be excluded j for that undermineth

the body, and eon/pinlh with the fpirit Of the body

to diflblve it. Baem,

There ia in man a natural poffibility to deftroy

the world ; that i$, to ionjpire to know no woman.

Bn-wi't I'ulgar Ernur:.

Th; prefs, the pulpit, and the .lagc,

Cctijfire to ccnfurt and expofe our age. Rojam-mn,

2. To agree together : as, a// ll/ings con-
fpire to make him hapfy.

So moift ar.d dry, when fhoebas fhinn,
Cm/piritig give the plant to grow, Hiigh.

Conspi'rer, «. / [{torn con/pire.'\ A
confpirator ; a plotter.

Take no care,
Who chafes, who frets, and where c'jrjpirfn are :
Macbeth (hall never vanijtilh'd be. Siai. Macb.

Conspi'ring Ponu&s. [In raechanicks.]
All fuch as aft in direftion not oppofite
to one another. llnrris.

Co N s p u R c a't I o.v. a. y. [from con/purco,
Latin.] The acl of defiling ; defile-
ment ; pollution.

CaNSTABLE. a./ Icomti ftabuli, zi\t
if fuppofed.]

I, Lord high conJlabU is an ancient officer
of the cro-.vn. The fonftion of the (on-
_/?aiAf of England confiHed in the care of
the common peace of the land in deeds
of arms, and in maiters of v.ar. To
the court of the conjiabh and marlhal
■belonged the cognizance of contr.iils,
deeds of arms without the realm, and
combats and blafonry of arms within it.
The firil cenflabU of England was creat-
ed by the Contiucror, and the office coii-
tinaed hereditary till the ihiri«cnth of

CON

Henry VIIL when it was laid afide, as
being fo powerful as to become trouble-
fome to the king. From thefe mighty
magiftrates are derived the inferiour con-
Jlables of hundreds and franchifes ; two
of whom were ordained, in the thir-
teenth of Edward I. to be chofen in
every hundred, for the confervation of
the peace, and view of armour. Tiiefe
are now called high conjiabks ; becaufe
continuance of time, and increale both
of people and offences, h<tve occafioned
others in every town of inferiour autho-
rity, called petty conflables. Belides
thefe, we have conftMes denominated
from particular places ; as, conjlable of
the Tpwtr, of Dover Caftle, of the Cajile
of Carnarvon : but thefe are properly
cafl:llani, or governours of cafiles.

Ccivell. Chambers.

When I caitie hither, I was lord high c^r^flable.

And duke of Buckingham ; now psor Edward

Bohun. Sbakcfpcarc.

The knave conJlMe had fet me i' th' ftocks,
i' th' common ftocks, for a witch.

Shahff earl's Merry PKives of JVindfcr.

The eonjtable being a fobcr man, and an enemy
to fedition, went to obferve what tiiey did.

Clarend'^n.

2. To over-run the ConsTk^hT.. [perhaps
from conteftable, Fr. the fettled, firm,
and Hated account.] To fpend more
than what a man knows himfelf to be
worth : a low plirafe.

Co'kstableship. //./. \irom conjlable.']
The office of a conftable.

This keeperihip is annexed to the conjlahlfjhif
ai the caftle, and that granted out in leafe.

^ Carezj's Survey of Ojrnivall.

Co'kstancy. n.f. [conJlantia.'Lzlm.]

1 . Iminut.-ibility ; perpetuity ; unalterable
continuance.

The lavvs of God himfelf no man will ever deny
to be of a ditferent conftitution from the former,
in refpeft of the one's ccmjlncy, and the mutabi-
lity of the other. Hooker.

2. Confiflency ; unvaried ftate.

Incredible, that corjlancy in fuch a variety, fuch
a muldplicity, /hould ix che rcfult of chance.

Rayon the Creation.

3. Refohtion ; fif-mnefs ; fleadinefs ; un-
Ihaken determination.

In a fmall ille, amidft the wideft Teas,
Triumphant ahjiuncy has fix'd I\cr feat ;
In vain the fyrens fing, the tempers bear. Prioi.

•I-. Lafliiig afteftlon ; continuance of love,
or friendiliip.

Cirfiancy is fuch a ftabiliry and firmnefs of
friend/hip, as ovi-rl)jks a:id piflis by Idibr fai-
lures of kindncfs, and yet ftill retains the fjine
habitual good-will to a friend. South.

5. Certainty; veracity; reality.

But all the (lory of the right told ov6r,
More witneffeth thiii fancy's images.
And grows to fomeihirg of great cot.Jiancy,
Bjt, however, (Irangeand admirable. Sbatifprare.

CO'NSTANT. adj. \_co,,Jlan,, Latin,]

1. Firm; fixed; not fluid.

If y.iu t.-ikc highly teaiiied fpirit of wine, and
d-jiiilegmed fpirit of uiiue, and mix them, \ou
may euro ttcfe two fluid liquors into a cunfiant
body. Boylii llifiiry of rirtnr.cfi.

2. Unvaried ; unchanged ; immutable ;
durable.

The '.vorld 's a fcenc of change:, and to be
CenJIaat, in nature were imronftancy. dw.'ey.

CON

3 . Firm ; refolute ; determined ; immov-
able ; unihaken.

Some ihrewd contents
Now fteal the colour from Baifanio's check :
Some dear friend dead ; clfe nothing in tlie world
Could turn fo much the conftitution
Of any conjlant man. Shakcjp. Mirchatit ofyciiice.

4. Free from change of affedion.

Both loving one fair maid, they yet remained
cciiflant friends, Sidney.

5. Certain ; not various ; fteady ; firmly
adherent : with to.

Now through the land his care of fouls he
ftretch'd.
And like a primitive apoftle preach'd ;
Still cheerful, ever ccnftant to his call ;
By many foUow'd, lov'd by moft, admir'd by all.

Drydtn.
He Ihewed his firm adherence to religion, as
modelled by our national conftitution j and was
cenjlani to its offices in devotion, both in pablick,
and in his family. Mdifon! Freeholder.

Co'nstantly. adv. [ itom, conftant.l
Unvariably ; perpetually ; certainly ;
fteadily.

Ic is ftrange that the fathers fliould never ap.
peal ; r.ay, that they ffiould not cor.Jlantly do it.

TiHotfiit.
To CONSTE'LLATE. v. «. \_conJlcllat,is ,
Latin.] To join luftre ; to Ihine with
one general light.

The fevcral things which engage our afl'jftlons,
dn, in a tranfcendent manner, ffiine forth and ctm-
flelJatt in God. Boyle.

To Constk'llate. v. a. To unite fe-
veral lliining bodies in one fplendour.

Great conftitutiors, and fuch as are conf.eliateJ
into knowledge, do nothing till they outdo all.

Broivn'l y'ulgar Errours.
Thefe fcattc:ed perfeflions, which were divided
among the feveral ranks of inferiour natures, Wi.-e
fummcd up and conftellated in ours.

CUnvilU'sScepJit.
Constella'tion. ti.f. [From co/t/l.'llaie.}

1. A clufterof fi,xed ftars.

For the ftars of heaven, and the roKjleHutktt
thereof, fliall not give their light. Ifaiah, xiii. lo.

The earth, the air, refounded j
The heav'ns and all the conjlt'latims rung,

Milton' i Paradife Left.
A cottfteltaliin is but one ;
Th)ugh 'tis a train of ftars. Dryiicn.

2. An aflemblage of fpendoufs, or excel-
lencies.

The condition is a corftellation or conjunflure of
all diofe gofpcl graces, Jaith, i.opr, charity, felf-
denial, repentance, and the reft.

HaimKiid s PraBical Cateetifm.
Consterna'tion. n.f [horn conjlertto,
Lat.] Aftonifhment; amazement ; alie-
nation of mind by a farprize 5 furprizfij
wonder.

They find the fame holy ccnfternatiort upon rhrm-
felves that Jacob did at Bethel, which he called ihe
gate of heaven. South.

The natives, dubious whom
They muft obey, in confternation wait
Till rigid conqucft will pronounce their liege.

PtM\p%.

To CO'NSTIP.4TE, v. a. [from conjl,po,

Latin.]
1 . To crowd together into a narrow room j
to thicken ; to condenfe.

Of cold, the property is to condenfe and «/i/?;.
t't'- Bacon.

It may, by amafting, cooling, and conftiputir.t
of waters, turn them into rain. Ray intheCreat.
Taerc might nrifc fomc vertiginous morions or
whirlpool; in thit mj'ter of the chaof, wi.-.'cb'y
the aH'Mi miglit be tluuft aud crowded to the

middle.

CON

roidJIe of cliofe whirlpools, and there confifati ant

another into great folid globes. Sntley.

T. To ftuft" up, or flop by filling up the
palTagcs.

It is not probable that any aliment fhouM have
tho quality of intirely tci^ipat'mf or fliutting op
the capillaty vcflels. jfrtjtfhnot en Al'menti.

3. To bind the belly, or make coftive.

Omitting honeys which is laxative, and the
powder of fomc lo:idltones in this, doth rather ci:n-
jP'ifaU and bind, than purge and loofea the belly.

Brcwn^i P^ulgar Errcun*

Constipa'tion. n.f. [from canfiifatt.'\

1. The aft of crowding any thing into lefs
room; condenfation.

This worketh by the detention of the fplrits,
•nd ccnftifatkn of the tangible part .

Saccn'i Natural hjftory.

It requiies either abfolute fulnsfs of matter, or
a pretty clofe conftifaihn ai.d mutual contad of its
particles. Benlliy.

2. Stoppage ; obftruflion by plenitude.

The inaftivity of the gall occafions a tonjiipalion
of the belly. yirbuthmi en-AUmenlt.

5. The ftate of having the body bound.
Consti'tuent. atij. [conjinuens, Lat.]
That which makes any thing what it
is ; neceflary to exiftence ; elemental ;
eflbntial ; that of which any thing con-
fiils.

Body, foul, and reafon, are the three parts nc-
ccflarily conjliiucnt of a man. Dryden'i Du/rcfnoy.
All animals derived all the con/iitueat matter of
their bodies, fucceflively, in all ages, out of this
funo. JVo^uinvardt

It is impoflible that the figures and fizes of its
ecriftilufnt particles, Ihould be fo juftly adapted aa
to touch one another in every point.

Bat/ej/'i Sermons.
Coksti'tuent. tt./.

1. The perfon or thing which conftitutes
or fettles any thing in its peculiar ftate.

Their firft compofurc and origination requires a
higher and nobler conjliluent than chance.

Hale^s Origin of Manhinii,

2. That which is neceflary to the fubfift-
ence of any thing.

The obrtrudion of the mcfentery is a great
impediment to nutrition; for the lymph in tijofc
glands is a necelTary cmjiitucnt of the aliment.

j^rkuthnot on ji/imrnts.

3. He that deputes another ; as, the re-
prefentatives in parliament difregard
their coijlitutnts.

To CO'iMSTITUTE. 1;. a. [lonpluo, La-
tin.]

1. To give formal exiftence ; to make
any thing what it is ; to produce.

Prudence is not only a moral but chriAian vir-
tue, fuch at it necelTary to the cottjiiiuiing of all
others. Vupy o/Pieiy.

2. To erea ; to eftabli(h.

We mull obey laws appointed and csnfliluted by
lawful authority, not againft the law of God.

Ttiyhr^i Holy Living,

It will be neceflary to confider, how at lirll thofc
feveral churches were nnftituled, that we may un-
derhand how in this one church they were all
united. Pearfon.

3. To depute ; to appoint another to an
office.

Co'nstituter. n.f. [from conjlitute.']

He that conftitutes or appoints.
Con$titu'tiOn. n.f. [from conjli tut e-l

1. The aft of coiiftituting ; enafting ;
deputing ; eftabliftiing ; producing.

2. State of being ; particular texture of
parts : natural qualities.

G O N

Thii It more bencAcial than «ny other emjlltu-
tisn. Brmtty*

This light being trajeded through the parallel
prifms, if it fuffered any change by the refvaftion
of one, it loft that impreflion by the contrarj*
refradion of the other ; and (o, being rellorvd to
its priftine conjii'utii/nj became of the fame condition
as at firft. Nnuion't Of licks.

3. Corporeal frame.

Amongft many bad efJcfts of this oily corftiiu-
tiony there is one advantage ; fuch who arrive to
age, are ftot fubjcft to ftriflure of fibres.

yiriuthncl onjiUmenls.

4. Tempe^ of body, with refpeft to health
or difeaf^.

If fuch men happen, by their native nnjtitutim:,
to fall inW the gout, either they mind it not at
all, having no leifure to be fick, or they ufc it like
a dog. temfle.

Beauty is nothing elfc but a juH accord and
harmony of the members, animated by a healthful
ccnjlitution. Drydcfi.

5. Temper of mind.

Dametas, according to the conjiitution of a dull
head, thinks no better way to Ihevv himfelf wife
than by fiifpefting every thing in his way. Si^Kfy.

Some dear friend dead ; elfe nothing in the world
Could turn fo much the conjiitution
Of any confiant man. Shak. Merchant of yenict.

He defended himfelf with undaunted courage,
and lefs pafiion tlian was expeded from his conjii-
tution. Clarendon.

6. Eftablifti^d form of government ; fyftem
of laws and cuftoms.

The Norman conquering all by might.
Mixing our cuftoms, and the form of right.
With foreign conJUiutior.s he had brought. Daniel.

7. Particular law ; eftabliftied ufage ; efta-
bliftiment ; inftitution.

We lawfully may obferve the politive conJUtutitns
of our own churches. Hooker.

Conflitulion, properly fpeaking in the fenfe of the
civil law, is that law which is made and ordained
by fome king or emperor; yet the canonifts, by
adding the word faereJ to it, make it to (ignify the
fame as an ecclehaftical canon. Ayliffe,

Constitu'tiOnal. atij. [from ccnjlitu-
tion. ]

1. Bred in the conftitution ; radical.

It is not probable any fOB^if/zficBtf/illnefswill be

communicated with the fmall-pox by inoculation.

Sharp's Surgery,

2. Confiftent with the civil conftitution ;
legal.

Constitw'tive. tzcfj. [from cenflitute.]

1 . That which conftitutes any thin'g what
it is ; elemental ; eflential ; produftlve.

Although it be pl.'\ccd among the non-naturals,
that is, fuch as, neither naturally conjtiiulivc nor
merely deftruftive, do preferve or deftroy.

Brortvn^s P^u/gar Errours.

The elements and confiiiuiive parts of a fchifma-
tick, being the efteem of himfelf, and the con-
tempt of others. Decay of Piety.

2. Having the power to enaft or eftablim.
To CONSTRA'IN. -v. a. [ccnjirainilre, Fr.

ccnjiringo, Latin.]

1 . To compel ; to force to fome aftion.

Thy fight, which {hould
Make our eyes fiow with joy,
Ctiiijlra'ins them weep. Shakcfftare't Coriolansi.

Namur fubdued, is England^s palm alone;
The reft befieg'd, but we u/njlrain^d the town. Dry.

2. To hinder by force; to reftrain.

My fire in caves conftrains the winds.
Can with a breath their clam'rous rage appeafe ;
They fear his whiftle, and forfake the feas. Dryd.

3. To neceflitate.

The (cars upon your honour, therefore, he
Does pity as conjirained blcm: flies,
Nothing dcfcrv'd. SLakeff. Antony and Cleopatra.

CON

When to Ms Inft yEgyfthus gave the rein.
Did fate or we th' adult'roui a£l cenftrain f

Kope's Odyfy,

4. To violate ; to ravifh.

Her fpotlefs chaftity.
Inhuman traitors I you corjiraind and forc'd.

Shakejpeire'i Titus Andrmidiu

5. To confine ; to prefs.

When amidft the fervour of the feaft,
The T) rian hugs and fonds thee on her bread.
And with./wcet kifles in her arms conjlraini.
Thou may'l> infufe thy venom in her veins. Dryd*
How cfae llrait ftayi the flcnder wafte conftrain.

Gtf,

6. Toconftringe.

When winter frofts eonjl rain the field withcoM,
The fcanty root can take no fteady hold. Drjdeti,

7. To tie ; to bind.

Scarce the weary god had dos'd his eyes.
When rufliing on with ihouts, he binds in chains
The drowfy prophet, and his limbs conjirains,

Drydtx,

8. To imprifon.

Conftrain'd him in a bird, and made him fly
With party-cotour'd plumes, a chattering pye.

Dryden,

9. To force ; to produce in oppofition to
nature.

In this northern trafl our hoarfer throats
Utter unripe and ill conjirained notes. ff^aller,

10. To reftrain ; to withhold.

The foft weapons of paternal perfuafions, after
mankind began to forget the original giver of life,
became overweak to rcfift the firft inclination of
evil : or after, when it became habitual, to ccn-
Jirain it. Raleigh.

Constrai'nable. adj. [from conftrain.'\
Liable to conftraint ; obnoxious to com«
pulfion.

Whereas men before flood bound in confcience
to do as reafon teacheth, they are now, by virtue
of human i3w,conJlrainaii'cj and, if they outwardly
tranfgrefs, punifliable. Hioker,

CoNSTR A'iNEDLY.a</'Z'. [from conJ}rain,'\
By conftraint ; by compulfion.

What occafion it had given them to think, to
their greater obduration in evil, that through a
froward and wanton defire of innovation we did
eon/trained^ thofe things, for which confcience was
pretended. Hooker*

Co N s T R a'i N e R . », /, [ from conjirain. ]
He that conftrains.

Con ST R a'i NT. n.f. \contrainte, French.]

1. Compulfion ; compelling force ; vio-
lence ; aft of overruling the defire ;
confinement.

I did fuppofc it fhould be on conftraint \
But, heav'n be thank^kjt is but voluntary.

Shakefpeare's King yobn.
Like you, a man ; and hither led by fame.
Not by conftraint, but by my choice, I came.

Dryden'' s Hdian Emperour*
The conftant defire of happinefs, and the con-
ftraint it puts upon us to ail for it. no body, I
think, accounts an abridgment of liberty. Locke*

2. Confinement. Outofufe.

His limbs were waxen weak and raw.
Thro' long imprifonmcnt, and hard corftraint,

Spenfer*
To CONSTRI'CT. t/. a. [conflringo, con-
jlriaum, Lat.]

1. To bind ; to cramp ; to confine into a
narrow compafs.

2. To contraft ; to caufe to flirink.

Such things as ccnftrill the fibres, and ftrengthen
the folid parts. Arhuihr.ol on Diet.

CoNSTRi'cTiON. n, f. [ from conJlriB. ]
Contraftion ; comprcffion ; forcible con-
traftion. CompreJJion is from an out-
ward force, coiiftriSim from fome qua-
lity J

CON

Jity ; as the throat is comprefled by a
bandage, and conftringed by a cold.

The 4ir, which thefe receive into the lungs, may
ftrve to render their b ies eijuiponderar.t to the
water; and the coiijlrifiim or dilatation of it, mav
probably aflift them to afccnd or defceiid in the
water. Ray en lit Crcatkn.

CoNSTRi'cTOR. n.f. \cottfinaor, Latin.]
That which comprefles or contrafts.

He fuppofed the conJinSlon of tlic eye-lids muH
be ilrengthened in the fuperciliuus.

Arbuthn^it and Pcpn's Mart. Scnb,
To CONSTRl'NGE. i;. a. [ conftringo,
Lat.] To comprefs ; to contrad ; to
bind ; to force to contraft itfelf.

The dreadful fnout,
Which fhipmen do the hurricano call,
Ctiiflr'trg'd in mafs by the almighty fun.

Shuke/peart's Troilus anj Crejjiila-

Strong liquors, efpccially inflaminatory fpirits,

intoxicate, ttnjlr'mgt, harden the fibres, and coa-

^late the fluids. jjrkuthnu.

Con ST Ri't< GENT. adj. [conftringms, Lat.]
Having the quality of binding or com-
prefling.

try a dc«p well, or »■ confervatory of fnow,
where the culd may be more cotiftrirgnt.

Biltongs Natural Ihjiury*
Winter binds
Our ftrengtben'd bodici in a cold embrace
Ciifflringttii. Tbontpit't IKinta-

Ti CONSTRU'CT. «. a, [canfiruaus.
Latin.]

1. To build; to form; to compile; to

conditute.

Let there be an admiration of thofe divine attri-
bates and prerogntives, for whofe manifefting he
*is pleafed to conjirul} this vaft fabrick.

Boyle I Vftfuhtfi tf Nciural Pbihfipby.

2. To form by the mind : a$, he (onjlrna-
td a new fyftera.

CoNSTRu'cTlON. n.f, [confiruBit, Lat.]

1. The aft of building, or piling up in a
regular method.

2. The form of building ; ftrnfture ; con-
formation.

There's no art
To fliew the mind's cerjlruflim in the face. Sha!:.
The ways were made of feveral layers of flat
ftones and flint: the cmfir-ufHon was a little vari-
ous, according to the nature of the foil, or the
materials which thpy found. Arbutinot.

3. [In grammar.] The putting of words,
do!y chofen, together in fuch a manner
as is proper to convey a complete fenfc.

darkens Lalin Grammar.

Some particlea conftantly, and others in certain

eotiJIruRwni, have the lenfe of a whole fentcnce

contjincd in theoi. Locke.

4. The aa of arranging terms in the pro-
per order, by difentangling tranfpofi-
tions ; the ail of Interpreting; e.xpla-
natlon.

This label, whofe containing
Is (^ from fcrfe in hardncfs, tha' 1 can
Make BO coUedion of it j let him (hew
His flcill in the c'^rflruflkn. Staktf//. CjnMht.

5. Thefenfe; tnc meaning; interpreta-
tion.

In which fenfe although we' judge the apoftle's
wnr.ls to have been uttered, yet hereunto we do
not icqijlre them to yield, tMt think any other
onJiruOhn more found. Hooitr.

He that would iive at cafe, fliould always put th'c
bcft cor.flruSSoK on bulinefs and convcrfation.

Collier on the Spleen.

Religion, in its own nature, produce g..od
«il! towards men, and puts the miidcll {mflruHkn
Itfon evety accideac tliac bcf^ls -tJlcm. SjuSator.

Vol. 1,

CON

6. Judgment 5 mental reprefentatlon.

It cannot, therefore, unto reafonable conjlrue-
tkr.s frem flrange, or favour o{ finguiarity, chat we
have examined this point. Brvwns Vul^. Erroun.

7. The manner, of defcribing a figure or
problem in geometry.

8. CoKSTRUcTiON ef Ejttatiofn, in al-
gebra, is the method of reducing a
known equation into lines and figures,
in order to a geometrical demonlLation.

CoNiTRr'cTURE. ti. /. \Jtoia cenjlru& ."]
Pile ; edifice ; fabrick.

They fliall the earth's canjlntffiire clofely bind,
And to the centre keep the patts conHn'd.

B/jcRmire.

To CO'NSTRUE. -v. a. [ceirjtruo, Latin.]
I . To range words in their natural order ;
to difentangle tranfpofition.

I'll teach mine eyes, with iricek humility,
Love-lcatned letters to her eyes to read ;
Which her deep wit, th«t true heart's thought can

fpcU,
Will foon Conceive, and learn to conflrue well.

SpenfiT.
Cirftrur the tiroes to their necellities.
And you (hall fay, indeed, it is the time.
And not the king, that doth you injuries.

Shakefperre^t Henry IV.

a. To interpret ; to explain ; to Ihew the

meaning.

I muft crave that I be not fo underftood or eon-

^ftrueJ, as if any fuch (fling,- by virtue thereof,

I could be done without the a'ld and afliftance or

Cod's moft bltU'ed fpirit. Hooker.

I Virgil is fo very figurative, 'that he require* (I

• may ahnoft fay) a grammar apart to conjlmt him.

Drydcn.
' Thus we are put to (Onfirae and paraphrafc our
own i^ords, to free ourfelves cither from the igno-
rance or malice of our advcrfaries. ' SlilUn^feet,
When the word is eenfirued into irt idn, the
double meaning vanilhes. /tjdif. enjimitntMidnh.
T",, CO'NSTUPRATE. -j. a. \_co„Jiupro,
Lat.l To violate ; to debauch ; to de-
file.
Constupra'tion. n.f. [from conjlu-

prate.] Violation; defilement.
CONSIJBSTA'NTIAL. a^j. [con/uhjlan-
tialis, Latin.]

1. Having the fame en*encc cr fubfiftence.

The Lord our Cod is but "ne God ; in which
indivifible unity,- notwithftanding we adore the
Father, as being altogether of himfeif, we glorify
that iorfuh/ijniia! Word, which is the Son ; we
blefs and magnify that co-ert"ential Spirit, eternally
proceeding from both, which is the Holy Ghod.

Hooker.

2 . Being of the fame kind or nature.

It continueth a body con/ub/fantial vfith our bo-
dies ; a body of the fame, both nature and meafure ,
which it had on earth. H':'.ker.

In their conceits the human nature of Chrilt
was not nnfuljiantial to ours, but of another kind.

Brcrevi^od.

Conjubstantia'lity. n.f. [from eoii-

fubjlnntial.'\
I. Exiftence of more than oiie, in tlie
fame fubftancc.

'i'he eternity of the Son'i generation, ;)nd his
co-ctcrnity and confubjianiiartiy Wirfi the Father,
when he came down trom heavL-n.

Hammond on Fundamentalt.

z. Participation of the fame nature.

fo Consuesta'nti ATE. -v. a. [from cvt:

ind ful/ia/ilia, Lat.] To unite in one

common fubftanco or nature.
Cons u B ST A NT I a'tion. »./. [from ccn-

/uijlantiafe.] Ths Uftion of ths body of

CON

our blefled Saviour with the facramei|tal ■
element, according to the Lutherans.

In the point of corfubflantiation, toward the latte/
end of his life, he changed his mind, ^iterbury. -
CO'NSUL. n.f. [corful, cpnfulendoi Latin.]

1. The chief magiftrate in the Romaa
republick. •

Or never be fo noble as a conful.
Nor yoke with him for tribune. Shak. Conolar.its,

Onfuh of mod'rate power in calms were made} '
When the Gauls came, one fole dictator iVay'd. i

Dryden.

%. An officer commliHoned in foreign parts
to judge between the merchants of his
nation, and proteft their commerce.
Co'nsular. adj. [re'r/a/am, Latin.}
t . Relating to the conful.

The conftilar power had only the ornaments,
without the force, of the royal authority. SfcBaior. '

2. CoNs'jLAR Af<j«, One who had been,
conful.

Rofe not the eenfufar men, and left their placed.
So foon as thou fat'ft down ? Bmyonfon's CatVinr.

Co'nsui.ate. fi. f. [confulatus, Latin.J
The office of conful.

His name and conjulate were effaced out of all
public legifters and infcriptions. Mdifmonhaly.

Co'nsulship. n. / [ftoni ttnfuL'^ The
office of conful.

' The patricians ihould do very ill,
To let tlie conJ::!jfyip be fo defil'd.

Ben yonjon% C^ulint*'^
The lovely boy, with his anfiiicious face,
' Shall PoU'io's eorfuljhip and triumph grace. Dryd.

To CON'SU'LT. v. H. [confulto, Latin.]
To take counfel together ; to deliberate
in common ; it has iKtiih before the per-
fon admitted to confultation.. j

I Every man.

After the hideous ftorm that follow'd, was
I A thing infpir'd ; and, not eonfa/tiitg, broke
Into a general prophecy, that this tcmpeft,
Dafliing the garment of this peace, abrided '

The fiidden breach on 't. Shakefp, Henry VHI»
A fcnate-houfe, wherein three hundred itti
twenty men fat eovjuhing always for the people.

1 Mac, viii. 15.
C-^rfult not iiiitb the flothfol for any work.

Etcluu KXl^viJ.

He f?nt for his bofom friendsy •cd'ifh whoVn he

_ moft- c-tnfidently corfulted,' and' i^ewcd the pap^r -

to theol, th« contents whereof he could not cftn"^!

ceive. ClarendoHm

To CoNsu'tT. ni, a,

1. To afk advice of: as, he confultcd his
friends ; to con/ull an author.

2. To regard ; to aft with view or refpeft
to.

We arc, in the firft place, to confab the necef-
fities of life, rather than matters of ornament afiJ
d'-'iight.' L'EJh'aige.'^

The fmate owes it? gratitude to Cato,
Who with fo great a foul confuiti its fat'cty,
And guardi our lives, while he ncglcds itis owh.

Addijon,

3. To plan ; to contrive. j

Thnu haft confulud Ihame to thy houfc, by
, cutting -off many people. ' Hdi. i\.'to.

Many things were th--re corfulfed for the ftit'^rc,
yet nr tiling was pofitively tel.lvejl, darcydon, '

Co'nsult. «./. [from the verb. It ]*•
variouily. accented.] , .^

1. The aft of confuiti ng.

Yourfi-lf' -n pc-.!"o-i head or;e choCen half.
And raa.ch t' opprcfs the faQion in confulf
With d,liig Dorax. Drydcn'tjim Stbap'iaa,

2. The effeft of confuiting ; determinij-
tion.

3 E He

CON

Hf f>M, tnd roft thf firft ; the eeoncil fcrok* } I
And all their grave mvjultt dilTolT'd in rmoke'

Drytien^s Fahlft,

3. A cooncil ; a number of perfons affem-
bled in deliberation.

Diven meet.ng« and cenfulit of our whole num-
ber, to conlider of the former labours. Bacon-

A etKjult of co<}uets below
Wu call'd, to tig him out a beio. Stvifr.

Consulta'tion. »./. [from cen/ule.]

1 . The aft of confulting ; fecret delibera-
tion.

The chief priefti held a cmfiiltatKn with the
elders »nd Icribcs. Mjrk, xv. 1.

2. A number of perlons confulted together ;
a council.

A ccnJuUaiion was called, wherein he advifed a
falivation. H^ljiiruni nf Atfctfiu

3. [In law.] CaH/altaiie is a writ, whereby
a cauie, being formerly removed by pro-
hibition from the ecdeiiaftical court, or
court chriiUau, to the king's court, is
returned thither again : for the judges of
the king's court, if, upon comparing the
libel with the fuggeuion of the party,
they do find the fuggelUon falfe, or not
proved, and therefore the caufe to be
wrongfully called from the court chriU
tiau ; then, upon this confultation or de-
liberation, decree is to be returned
again. C<nvell.

Cohsu'lter. h./. [from con/uh.'\ One
that confults, or »&s counfel or intelli-
gence.

There Ihall not be found among you a charmer,
•r a con/ulttr with familiar fpirits, or a wiznrd.

Dtut. xvili. II.

Consu'mable. a<^". [from «»/««*.] Suf-
ceptible of deilrudion ; pofFtble to be
wafted, fpent, or deftroyed.

Albcftos dues truly agree in this common quality
afcribod unto both, of being incombu{Vible, and not
nnjumabh by fire j but it doth contra£t To much
fuliginous matter from the earthy parts of the oil,
though it was tried with fome of the pureft oil,
that in a very few days it did choak and extinguilh
the flame. If^ilkini't Mathaiulual Marict.

Our growing rich or poor depends only on, »-nich

IS greater or lefs, our importation or exportation of

ccnfumahie commodities. Lock*.

To CONSU'ME. v. a. [coti/uma, Latin.]

To wafte ; to fpend ; to deftroy.

Where two raging fires meet together.
They do eenfuwu the thing that feeds their fury.

Shatitffeartt

Thou flialt carry much feed out into the field,
and fhalt gather but tittle in ; for the loculls Ihall
ten/time it. Dcui. xxviii.

Thus in foft anguilh (he rmfumei tht day.
Nor quits her det-p retirement. Thtmfin'i Sfrin~.

ST> Consu'me. t;. «. To wafte away ; to
be exhaafted.

Thefe violent delights have violent ends,
And !n their triumph die ; like fire and powder,
•Which, as they raeeb emtfitme. Stai.Rcm.aiulJul.
Consu'mer. ». /. [from con/ume.l One
that fpends, wailes, or deftroys any
thing.
Money miy be conlideccd as in the hands of the
_^tcitfamrr, tr of the nrrcjiant who buys the com-
■ itiodity, when made to export. Lech-.

y« CONSU'MMATE. -v. a. [confommtr,
¥t. ron/ummare,hAX..'\ To complete; to
perfeft ; to finifh ; to end. Anciently
accented on the firft fyllable.

Yourfelf, myfelf, and other lords, will pafs
To ctn/umiualt thiii buiinefs happily.

Stakcjfcere'i King "Jibti.

CON

There dial] we cmjtinman our fpouW ritet.

Shakcjfttri,
The perfon was cunning enough to begin the
deceit in the weaker, and the we;ikcr fufKcient to
nnjummatt the fraud in the Wronger.

frofcin'i l^vlgar Emiirt.

He had a mind to ccufumiiate the bappinefs or

the day. Tatlcr_

Consu'mmate. a.'//, [from the verb.]
Complete ; perfect ; finiftied : omnibus
numerii ah/olutus,
I do but ftay till your marriage be cmfummatt,

Shiikefpurt,
Earth, In her rich attire
CcnjummatCy lovely fmil'd. AiUftHtU Farjdijt hoji*
Gratlan, among his maxims for raifing a man
to the moll ccnfummaie greatnefs, advifes to per-
form extraordinary actions, and to fccurc a good
hlllorian. ' MdiJfin'iFraboldir,

If a man of perfe£t and eorfummate virtue £alls
into a misfortune, it raifes our pity, but not our
' tcrrour. Aldifon*s Sj>i^atvr,

CoNSUMM a'tion. »./. [from con/ummate.']

1. Completion ; perfedtion ; end.
That juft and regular proccfs, which it muH be

fuppofird to take from its original to its cmjumma-
ti K. Mdifm's Sfcflalor.

2. The end of the prefent fyftem of things ;
the end of the world.

From the firll beginning of the, world unto the
lad ceyijutnmatkn thereof, it neither hath been, nqr
can bCj otherwife. Hooker,

3. Death; end of life.

Gholl, unlaid, forbear thee !
Nothing ill come near thee !
Quiet confiimmat'wn have,.
Uniemoved be thy grave ! Sbak. CymieHnei

Consu'mption'. n./. [con/umptio, Lat.]

1. The aft of confuming ; wafte ; deftruc-
tion.

In commodities, the value rlfea as Its quantity
Is lefii and vent greater; which depends upon its
being preferred in its conjumfftion* Locke,

2. The ftate of wafting or periftiing.

Etna and Vefuvius have fent forth flames for
this two or three thoufand years, yet the moun-
tains themfelves have not fu^ered anyconfiderable
diminution or confumftion \ but are, at this day,
the highell mountains in thofe countries. H^oodiv.

3. [In phyfick.] A wafte of mufcular
flefti. It is frequently attended with a
heftick fever, and is divided by phyft-
cians into feveral kinds, according to
the variety of its caufes. putney.

Conjumptton fow
In hollow bones of man. Slake/feare't Timon.

The ftoppage of women's courfcs, if cot looked
to, fets them into a confumfittorif dropfy, or other
difeafe. Harvey.

The encntial and dlAinguilhing charafler of a
confirmed confumjitkn, is a wafting of the body by
reafon of an ulcerated ftate of the lungs, attended
with a cough, a difcharge of purulent matter, and
a heOick fever. Blackmore.

Consu'mptive. adj. [from con/ume.]

1. Deftruftive ; wafting ; exhaufting; hav-
ing the quality of confuming,

A long confumplrve war is more likely to break
this grand alliance than difable France.

jiddifin Ml the War.

2. Difeafed with a confumption.

Nothing taints found lungs fooner than Infpiring
the breath of confumpt'rve lungs.

Harvey on Confumbtiom,
The lean, eofifumfiive wench, with coughs de-
cayed,
It call'd a pretty, tight, and (lender maid. Dryden.
By an exadl regimen a conjamptive perfon may
hold out for years. jirhuthnot in Diet.

Consu'mptiveness. «. /. [from (on-
/umftivf,] A tendency to a confumption

CON

C0N5u'T!LI.4f<<r. [..-tHfulilit.LH.] TV»t

is fewed or ftitched together. Diff.

To CONTA'BULATE. v. a. [contabulo,

Latin.] To floor with boards.
Contabula'tion. «. /. {contahulatlt,

Latin.] A joining of boards together ;

a boarding a floor.
CO'NTAC T. n. f. [ contaaus, Latin. ]

Touch ; clofe union ; jundture of one

body to another. ■

The Platonilts hold, that the fpirit of the lover
doth pafs into the fpirits of the perfon loved, which
caufeth the defite of return into the body; where-
upon followcth that appetite of entail and con-
junftion. BacoiCi Natural Hijiory.

When the light fell fo obliquely on the air,
which in otlier places was between them, as to be
all refliifled, it fcemed in that place of toHtaa to
be wholly tranfmitted. Ntv/ion'i Opiicks,

The air, by its immediate ccnrali, may coagulate
the blood which flows along the air-bladders. ■,

Arhulhn'A on DieK '

CoNTA'cTto^. «. / [contaittn, Latin.]
The aft of touching ; a joining one body
to another.

That deleterious it may be at fome diftance, and

I dcftruflivc without corporal ctniadkn, there is no

high impr'ibability. Bromn"! Iful^ar Errours,

(j:ONTA'GION. »./ \_contagio, Latin:]

1. The emiftion- fr&ro body to body b^
which diieafes are communicated.
■ .If we two be one, and thou play falfe,
! I do digeft the poifon of thy flelh.
Being (trumpeted by thy contagion.
• Shaktjfiare'i Comedy of Errours,

In infeflion and contagkn from body to body, at
the plague and the like, the infection is received
; many times by the body palTivc ; but yet is, by the
j fttength and good difpofition tliereof, repulfed.

Sttcon*

2. Infeftion ; propagation of mifchief, or
difeafe.

Nor will the goodnefs of intention excufe the
fcandal and emM^o/i of example. Kw^Cbarln,

Down fell they, ,
And the dire hifs renew'd, and the dire form
Catch'd by rmlagion, Milton's Parad'.Je L'fl,

3. Peftilence ; venomous emanations.

Will he fte.il out of his wholcfonx bed.
To dare the vile conlagion of the night ?

Shakeffeart'i yuliui Cafar.

Codta'cious. adj. [from rt«//ifJo, Lat.}
Infeftious ; caught by approach ; poi-
fonons i peftilential.

The jades.
That drag the tragick melancholy nighty
From their mifty jaws
Breathe foul, contagious darknefs In the air.

Shakefpeari's Henry VI.
We ficken foon from her contagkus care,
CrieK for her forrows, groan for her defpair.

Prior.

Conta'oiousness. »./. [from ctmagi-

ous.'] The quality of being contagious.
To CON TA'IN. <v. a. [coniineo, Latin.]

1. To hold as a veffel.

There are many other things which Jefus did, :
the which if they (hould be written every one, I
fuppofe that even the world itfelf could not tintam
the bonks that (hould be written, ^obn, xxi. 15.

Gently inftru£led I (hall hence depart.
Greatly in peace of thought, and have my (ill
Of knowledge what this veffel can contain. ]Uillo».

What thy ftores contain bring forth, and pour
Abundance. Milton.

2. To comprehend ; to comprife.

What feem'd fair in all the world, feero'd now
Mcani 01 in iia fuotm'd up, in her fntain'd.

M'l"n,

Tht

CON

The earth,
ThoTigh In comparifon of heav'n fo fmall,
Nor glift'ring, may of fcliij good contain
More plenty than the fun, that barten <hines.

Miltm.

3. To comprife, as a writing.

Wherefore alfo it it cmtainid ia the fcripture.

I Fet. ii. 6.

4. To reftrain ; to withhold j to keep with-
in bounds.

AH men (hovild be covtainai in duty ever after,
without the tertour of warlike forces.

Sfcnfir on Ireland.
Their Icing'* perfon nntaht the unruly people
from evil oee ifions. Sfenfer.

1 t(-*ll you, firs.

If you tkcvM fmile, he grows impatient.

vFear not, my lord, we can cmia'm ourfelves.

Sbakej'peare.

TeCovrs'itt. <v.n. To live in continence.

1 felt the ardour of my pallion increafe, till 1
could no longer c9rfaht, Mrbutbnot and Poj}e,

Co N T a'i N A B L I . atfj. [from contain. ] Poi-
fible to be contained.

The M,conia\ttMi within the cavity of the coli-

p'k, amounted to eleven graint. Bv)U.

Tv CONTA'MINATE. v. a. [contamino,

Lat.] To defile ; to pollute ; to corrupt

by bafe mixture.

Sl:aU we now
Cmtimnauatu fingers with bafe bribet?

Sbaiijfurii Julius Cttfar.
A bafe pander holds the chamber-door,
Whilft by a flave, no gentler than a dog.
His faiteft daughter ii nntjminated,

Stattffran'i Henry V.

Do it not with poifon ; ftrsngle her in her bed,

£veainthe bedlhchathi.'i7rr!77n:fri7ff</. Shak< OtbelU.

I quickly Ihed
Some of hii baftatd blood, and in difgrace
Befpoke him thus t contom'matedy bafe.
And milbegotten blood I fpill of thine.

Sbakeffeare't Hemy VI.
Though itbeneceiritated, by its leiation toflefb,
to a terredrial convcrfe j yet 'tit, like the fun,
without c^niemrMUnz its beams. Glanville't Afil.
He that lies with another man's wife, propa-
gates children in another's family for him to keep,
and coMMmnata Che honour thereof as much as
in him lies. Ayliffe'i Panrgan.

CoNTAMiN a'tion. ».y^ [A'Om tontami-

naie.] Pollution ; defilement.
Court MlKAT tn.at/J. [contemeratus , La-
tin.] Violated ; polluted. Did.
To CONTE'MN. -j. a [contemno, Latin.]
To dcfpile ; to fcorn ; to flight ; to dif-
regard ; to negleft ; to defy.

Yet better thu^, and known to be contemned.
Than ftill eonltmired and flattered. Sbak. King Lear.

Eve, thy contcmj't of life and pleafure leems
To argue in thee fc.mcthing more fublime
And excellent than what thy mind conlemni. Milt.

Pygmalion then the Tyrian fceptre fway'd.
One who c^ntimn'd divine and human laWs ;
Then ftrifc enfued. Drydens VirgiVt j^neid.

Conte'mner. »./. [from con/emti.] One
that contemns ; a dtfpifer ; a fcorner.

He counlels him to perfttutc innovators of wor-
Hiip, not only 31 contcmncri of the gods, but diituib
crs of the ftjtc. S-nttb.

To CONTE'MPER. -v. a. [conUmpere, La-
tin.] To moderate ; to reduce to z
lower degree by mixing fomething of
oppofite qualities.

The leaves qualify aAd eontanftr the beat, and
hinder theevaporationof mi)ifture.J!<i)i on tbe treat.

CoNTe'mPER AMENT. »./ [from fJ/I/COT-

fira, Latin.] The degree of any quality.

There is nearly an equal itntempiramint of the
warmth of our bodies to that of the hutteft par' nr
{tie atiBofpbere. Derbam.

CON

To Conte'mperate. f. a, [from eon-
temper. "^ To diminifh any quality by
fomething contrary j to moderate ; to
temper.

The mighty Nile and Niger do not only moiften
and ontemperate the air, but refrelh and humeflate
the earth. Brown.

If blood abound, let It out, regulating the pa-
tient's diet, and conumperating the humours.

fyifejnan''t Surgery,

Contempera'tion. h./. [from contem-
perate.']

1. The aft of diminifhing any quality by
admixture of the contrary ; the adl of
moderating or tempering.

The ufe of air, without which there is no conti-
nuation in life, is not nutrition, but the contempera-
tion of fervour in the heart. Brovvn^s l^ulg. Err.

2. Proportionate mixture ;^ proportion.

Thcie is not greater variety in men's faces, and
in the contemperationi of their natural humourv,
than there is in their phantalies*

Hale'i Origin of Mankind.
raCONTE'MPLATE. -v. a. [contimplor,
Lacin. This feems to have been once
accented on the firft fyllable.] To con-
fider with continued attention ; toftudy ;
to medicate.

There is not much difficulty in confining the
mind to contemplate what we have a great defire to
know. Waits.

To Conte'mplate. v. ». Tomufe; to
think fludioufly with long attention.

So many hours muft 1 tak': my relt ;
So many hours muft 1 contemplate, Shak. Henry VI.

Sapor had an heaven of glafs, which he trod upon,
contemplating over the fame as if he had been Jupi-
ter. Peacbem.

How can I confider what belongs to myfcif,
when I have been fo long contemplating on you ?

Dryden's Juvenal, Prcftice.
Contempla'tion. n. /. [from contem-
plate.^

1. Meditation; lludious thought on any
fubjeft ; continued attention.

Huw now ? what ferious contemplation are you
in ? Sbakefpiure,

Contemplation is keeping the idea, which is brought
into the mind, for ibme time afiually in view.

Locke,

2. Holy meditation ; a holy exercife of the
foul, employed in attention to facred
things.

I have breath'd a fecret vow
To live in prayer and ct/ntcmplation,
Only attended by NerifTa here.

Shiikcipeare^i Merchant of Venice,

3 . The faculty of itudy : oppoled to the
power of aftion.

There arc two functions, contemplation and prac-
tice, acording to thjt general divifion of objcfts ;
fame of which entertain our fpeculation, ntl.er;
employ our anions. South.

Conte'mpla riVE. adj, [from contem-
plate.'\

1 . Given to thought or ftudy ; iludious ;
thoughtful.

Fixt and antempltuive their looks.
Still turning over nature's books. Denbam.

2. Employed in ftudy ; dedicated to ftudy.

I am no courtier, nor vcifed in rtate allairs ;
my lite hath rather been eonlemplaiive than a^ivc.

Bacon.

Contemplative men may be without the pleafure of
difcovcfing the fecrets of ftate, and men of adion
are commonly witiiout the pleufure of tracing the
fecrets of divine art. Grnu'i Cofmolog:a.

3. Having the power of thought or medi-
tation.

CON

So many kinds of creatures might be to exercife
the contemplative faculty of man.

Ray OK tbe Creation.
Conte'mplativelt. aJv. [from con-
temflafi've.} Thoughtfully ; attentively ;
with deep attention.
Contempla'tor. n. /. [Latin.] One
employed in ftudy ; an enquirer after
knowledge ; a fludent.

In the Perfian tongue the word magut imports
as much as a conlemplator of divine and heavenljr
fcience. Raleigb^t Hi/lory^

The Platonick contemplaton rejeft both thefc
defcriptions, founded upon parts and colours.

Brovfn's l^ulgar Errourz,

CONTE'MPORARY. adj. [contempQram ,

French.]
I. Living in the fame age ; coetaneous.

Albert Durer was contemporary to Lucas.

Dryden't Dufrejny,

«. Born at the fame time.

A grove born with himfcif he fees.
And loves his old contemporary trees. Cowley*

3. Exiiling at the fame point of time.

It is impolfible to make tlic ideas of yefterday,
to-day, and to-morrow, to be the fame j or bring
ages paft and future together, and make them
contemporary. Locke.

Conte'mporarv. n. /. One who live*
at the fame time with another.

All this in blooming youth you have achiev'd ;
Nor are your foil'd contemporaries griev'd. DryJen.

As he has been favourable to me, he will hear
of his kindncfs from our contemporaries; for we
are fallen into an age illiterate, cenforious, and
detrailing. Drydens Juv, Prefate.

The adlive part of mankind, as they do moft
for the good of their contemporaries, very defervcdljr
gain the greateft fiiare in their applaufes.

Mdifoni Freeholder,

To Conte'mporise. f. a, \^con and tern-
pus, Latin.] To make contemporary ;
to place in the fame age.

The indift'crency of their exiftences, contemporifcd
into our a&iont, admits a farther confideration.

Brown^s Vulgar Errours*

CONTE'MPT. »./. [con'temptut, Latin.]

1. The aft of defpifing others j flight re-
gard ; fcora.

It was neither in contempt nor pride that I did'
not bow. EJlhtTm

The ftiame of being miferable,
Expofes men to fcorn and bafe contempt,
Even from their ncareft friends. Denbam,

There is no a^ion, in the behaviour of one man
towards another, of which human nature is more
impaticntthan of contempt; it being an undervaluing
of a man, upun a belief of his utter ufelelTncfs and
inability, and a fpiteful endeavour to engage the
rc/l of the woild in the fame flight eAeem of him.

South.

His friend fmil'd fcornful, and with proud run*
t^mpt
Rejeds as idle what his fellow dreamt.

Bryden^i Fables.

Nothing, fays Longinus, can be great, the eon-
tem[>t of wliich is great. AJdiJon,

2. The ftate of being defpifed ; vilenefs.

The place was like to come unto contempt.

1 Mac. iii. iS.

Conte'mpt iBi-E. adj. [from contempt,'\

1. Worthy of contempt ; deferving fcorn.

No man truly knows himfelf, but he groweth
daily more contemptible in his own eyes.

Taylor^s Guide to Devotion.
From no one vice exempt,
Anil moft conlempiitle to fhun contempt. Pope's Ep.

2. Defpifed ; fcorned ; neglefted.

.There is not fo contemptible a plant or animsl, that
does not confound the tiioH enlarged undorflaudirg.

Uike.

3 £ 2 3. Scorn*

CON

' 'j. Scornful ; apt to defpife ; contemptnous.
1 ills is no proper uic.

*t flic iliouU n)a>:a trnJ^-r of her Ion, 'tis very

p..irii>klio'l; Icom it J for the man hath tartiiiiif ■

' iiMc i'uiii'.. ^hakijfrati.

Co.K.rB'MPTiBi.kNHS8. n. f, {from «*-
fcm/tiiU] *r he Hate of being contemp-
tible ; the ftate of being dcfpifed ; mean-
nels ; vilenefs ; bafenefs ; chcapnefs.

V\ ho, by a ftcddy praifkice I't" virtur, comes to
difccrn the (auiinftibkncji of baits wherewith he
allures us. D'cy •/" Pi"y-

Conte'mptibly. ad-v. [from eontempti-
6ie.] Meanly ; in a manner deferving
contempt.

Know'ft thoa not
Their language, and their ways ? They alfo know,
And rcjfon no: {ottiniy.hiy. MiluiCt Par. Left.
Conte'mptuous. a<!j. [from conlempt.']
Scor.iiul ; apt to defpife ; nfmg words
or anions of contempt ; infolent.

"To nsglefl God ail our lives, and know th^t
we fttj:le<l him '; >« ""end God voluntarily, aijd
tTioiv tt'.at we ofiend liim, rafting our hopes on
t)i* peace which we tmft to make at parting, is ho
other tiian a rebelUous prefumption, and even a
icr.umpiucui laughing to ("corn and deriding ci
■• GiSt, 1>is Itvw, and precepts, i

Raltigh-i HiJIory of the mrli.
t Some much avetfe 1 found, and wond'rous harft,

CnnttmftuMis, proud, fet on revenge and fpite.

Mihoni Agtinijies,

Rome, the proudeft part of the heathen world,

entertained the moft amcmftuius opinion of thr

jews. Asltrhuij.

Con tb'mftttotjslt. adv. [fromcentemp-
( t«ous.'\ With fcorn ; with defpite ;
fcorhfully ; defpitefally.

1 throw my name againft the bruifing (lone,
Trampling <ontmftutyj1y on thy diadem. Shakcff.
The apoftles and moft eminent Chriftians were
poor, and ufed mutmfttitivjly. Taylor's Hah Living.
' If he governs tyrannically in youth, he will be

treated contimptu'.ujly in age ; and the bafer his
enemies, the more intolerable the affront.

VEftrtnge.

A wife man would not fpeak cmittrnpiMufy ot a

prince, though out of his dominions. Tilimjsm.

Conte'mptuousness, n. f. [from con-

temftuaus.] Difpofition to contempt;

infolence. Diii.

To CONTE'ND. v. n. [canuudo, Latin.]

• 1 . To drive ; to ftragglc in oppoficion.

Heflor's foreheal fpit forth blood
At Grecian iv(iTi% rinttrii'tri. Sbakefp. C^hlanus.

His wonders and his praifes do contend
Which (h'luld be thine or his. Shakeff, Macbeth.

Dc^th and nature do conrend about them,
Wlierher they liri! or die. l^balrfpcare'i Macbeth.

Diftrefs not the Moabltcs, neither centind with
tt«m in battle J ict I will not give thee of their
Ur.d. Diui. ii. 9.

• 2. To vie ; to a£> in emulation.

Von fit aliove, and ue vain men beiow
CeninJ for what j.u only can bellow. Dry Jen.

■ 3. it has/er before the ground or caufe of

contention.

The <]ueftion which our author would contend
fci , i: he did not forge: it, is, what pexibcs have a
righl ID be obe)ed. Locke.

■ 4. bometimes aitut.

He will find that many thiags he fiercely ««-
- lenM abTUt were trivial. Decay of Piety.

5. It has tv/'/A before the opponent.

This baitle fares like to the morning's war.
When dying clouds tontend tuiib growing light.

Sbakeffeare's Henry VI.

Tf we confider him at our Maker, we tannci
cortcnd tvitb Wtm. tiinpie.

6. Sometimes agalnfl.

i^C O N

In ambitious ftrcogth I diJ
Cintmd aguir/! thy valour. ^hahh. CorUlanm.

To CoiiTE'.ND. V. a. To diipute aijy
thing; to conteft.

Their uiry limbs in <partt they exercife.
And on the giesn c.attnd the wreftler's prire.

DryHen't MneU.
A time of war at length will come,
' When Carthage Oiall comcrd the world with Rome.

Dryden.
Thus low we I'e,
Shut from this day and that fiff/M:fr<f fky. Dryden.

Cokte'ndent. n,'/. [from contend.'] An-
tagoniA ; opponent ; champion ; com-
batant. Not ufed.

In all notable changes and rcvolations, the eon-
ter.dents have been ftU! made a prey to the third
party. L'F.flrangc.

Conte'nder. »./. [from contend.'] Com-
batant ; champion.
The contenders tut it look upon it as undeniable.

Lxke.
Thofe difputes ofren arife in good earnefl , where
the two contenders. iry really believe the ditf'etcnc
propofitions which they fupport.

ffttts on the Mind.
CONTETVIT. adj. {ccntentus, Latin.]

1, Satisfied, fo as not to repine; eafy,
though not highly plcafed.

Born to the fpacious empire of the Nine,
One would have thought Hie Should have been ecntent
To manjge well that mighty government. Dryden.

Who is content, is happy. Lode.

A man is perfectly cortent with the .late he is in,
when he is perfeflly without anyuneafinefs. Lcckt.

Foe to loud praife, and friend to learned eafe.
Content with fcience in the vale of peace.

Pope-t EpiJIla.

2. Satisfied, fo as not to oppofe.

Submit you to the people's voices^
Allow their oihcers, and be content
To fuffer lawful cenfure. Shakefpeare'! Coriolanas.

TeCoNTE'NT. If. «. [from the adjeftive.]

1 . To fatisfy, fo as to ftop complaint ; not
to offend ; to appeafe, without plenary
happinefs or complete gratification.

Content thyfelf with this much, and let this
Citisfythee, that I love thee. Sidney.

Great minds do fometimes content themfelves to
threaten, when they could dellroy. Tillotjcn.

Do not content yourfelves with obfcare and con-
fufed ideas, where clearer are to be attained.

lyatts'sLogick.

2. To plcafe ; to gratify.

Is the adder better than the eel,
Becaufe his painted (kin conttnts the eye ? Sbakefp.

It doth much content me.
To hear him fo indin'd. Shakefpeare's Hamlet.
If a man fo temper his adions, as in fome one
of them he dotli content every fa^ion, the mufick
of praife will be fuller. Bacon.

Wheat is contented with a meaner earth, and
contenting with a fi:itable gain. Careiv's Cornwall.

CoNTE NT. «./. [from the verb.]

I. Moderate happinefs ; fuch fatisfaftion

as, though it does not fill up defire, ap-

peafes complaint.

Nought 's had, all 's fpent.
Where our define is jot without content.

Shakefpeare's Macbeth.
One thought content the good to be enjoy'd ;
This every little accident deftroyed. Drytten.

A wife content his even foul fecur'd ;
By want not (haken, nor by wealth allur'd.

Smith on Philips.

z. Acquiefcence ; fatisfa6Uon in a thing
unexamined.

Others for language all their careexprefs,
And value books, as women men, for drefs ;
Their praiie is ftlll— the ftilt is excellent j
The Icufc (hey humbly Ukc upon content.

Poft't Epijiles.

CON

3. [From eententut, contained.] That which
IS contained, or included, in any thiag.

I'hough my htart's r ;« tent firm love dothbear.
Nothing of tbat (hall from mine eyes appear,

Shakefpeartt

Scarcely any thing can be determined of the par*
Xicui^j contents of any finglc mafs of ore by mere in«
fpe^oiu Wi.tkoard,

Experiments are made on the blood of healJiy
animals: in a weak babic ferum might afford
other eomenit, Arbuthnm,

4. The power of containing ; extent ; ca-
pacity.

This ((land had then fifteen hundred ftrong
(hips of great content. Bacon,

It were good to know the geometrical content,
figure, and fituation of ail Uie lands of a kingdom,
according to natural bounds. '

Crannt's Bills of Mortality,

5. That which is comprifed in a writing.
In this fenfe the plural only is in ufe.

I have a letter from her.
Of fuch contents as you will wonder at. Sbakefp,
I fliall prove thefe writings not counterfeits,
but authentick ; and the contents true, and worthy
of a divine original. Crew's Cofmol»ia.

The contents of both books come before thole of
the firft book, in the thread of tiie (lory.

jiddifon's Speftattr,
Contenta'tion. n. f. [from content,^
Satisfadlion ; content. Out of ufe.

I feek no better warrant than my own confci-
ence, nor 00 greater pleafure than my own con-
tentation. Sidney.

Fourteen years fpace, during the minority of
Gordianus, the government was with great ap-
plaufe and contcntation in the hands of Mifitheus,
a pedant. Bacon.

The (hield was not long after incrufted with a
new rulV, and is the fame, a cut of which hath
been engraved and exhibited, to the great contenta-
t'lon of the learned. Arhuthnot and Pope.

Conte'wted. participial adj. [from con~
tent,'] Satisfied; at quiet; not repin-
ing ; not demanding more ; eafy, tho*
not plenarily happy.

BarbarolTa, in hope by fufTerance to obtain an«
Other kingdom, feemed conttmed with the anfwer.
Knolles's Hiftay.
Dream not of other worlds.
Contented that thus far has been reveal'd.
Not of earth only, but of highelt hcav'n.

Milton's Paradife Lojt,
If he can defcry
Some nobler foe approach, to hint he calls,
And begs his fate, and then contented falls.

o. ,•« Denbam,

To diftant lands Verturanus ncrer roves.
Like you conttnted with his native groves. Pope,

Conte'ntedness.w./ [from. coitttftted.}
State of fatisfaftion in any lot.

Angling was, after tedious ftudy, a calmer of
unquiet thoughts, a moderator of paffions, a pro-
curer of ccntentedneft. tfalton's Angler.

Conte'ntion. m./. [contentio, Latin.]
1 . Strife ; debate ; conteft ; quarrel ; mu-
tual oppofition.
Can we with manners alk what was the difle-
rence .'
' Safely, I think; 'twas a conter.tien in publick.

Shakefpeare,

Avoid foolilh qucftions and genealogies, and

contentioni and ftrivings. Tit. iii. 9.

Can they keep themfelves In a perpetual content

t'ton with their eafe, their reafon, and their God,

and not endure a Ihort combat with 3 (infulcuf.

torn .' Duay of Piety.

The ancients made contention the principle that

reigned in the chaos at firft, and then love ; the

one to cxprefs the diviSons, ana the other the

union of all parties in the middle and coromoa

bond, Burtufs Theory' of the E^rtb.

2, Emulation;

ki'o^

'cPcPn-

^cPgPn

a. Emulation ; endeavour to excel.

Ions mi brother at a ftrife !
Wha: 15 your qjirrtl ! howTiegan it firft ?
Ko qulrtci, bat i Twtet contcrtlm.

Shpkrffcare'sITiJtryYl.

2^. Eagernefs ; z^ ;' ardour j vehemence
*' of endeavour.

Your own earneftnefs and ccntnticn to »ffeR
what you are about, will contioually.W^gtft to you
feye;al artifices. ^. . Bcldtr.

This is an end, w^ich at firtf TJew appears
worthy cur utmofl avthithn to ol)taj'n> Rcgers,

Co N T e'n t ious, aJJ. [from confeitJ.'] Quar-
rellbme ; given tp debate ; perverfe ;
not peaceable.

Thou thi.ikeft much that this enilititiius ftotm
InvaJes us to the (kin. Shai'/pmrc's KhgLctA:

There are certain csiUetituus humours that ate
never to be pleafed. _ ' L'EJirarge.

Reft made them idle, idlenels made them curi-
ous, and curiofityrMi.rfii*!. . Decay of Piit^.

Cost itiT\o\3% Jun/tiiaim. [Inlaw.] A
court which has a power to judge and
determine differences between contend-
ing parties. The lord chief juftices,
and judges, have a contentious jurifdic-
tion ; bat the lords of the treafury, antl
the commiffioners of the cuftoms, have
none, being merely judges of accounts
and tranfaftions. Chamber^.

Conte'ntiously. adv. [from conten-
titui. ] Perverfely ; quarrelfomely.

Wefl>alinot{OH/fi:..';aJ<j/ lejoin, or only lojuftify
our own, but to applaud and confirm bis maturer
aiTertiom. Sroiot.

Conte'ntiouskess. «. /. [from cc/itea-
tious.'\ Pronenefs to contell; perverfe-
nefs ; turbulence ; quarreHbmenefs.

Do not ctmletiiioulnefi, and cruelty, and ftudy of
revenge, feldom fail of retaliation ?

Bentlty^t Sermon^,

Covte'wtless. at/;, [from content,] Dif-
contented ; diffatisfied ; uneafy.

Bert ftases, coiiiir.thft.
Have a diftraflcd and moft wrerclied being,
Worfe than the worfl, content. Sbakejfiarc'i Tims*.

Conte'ntment. »./. [from conttntt the
verb.]

1, Acquiefcence, without plenary fatif-

fa£lion.

Such men's cntmmnit muft bewrenghtbyftra-
Cagem : the ufuai method of ^re is not for them.

li'.'oker.
Sabmiflion is the only rcafoning between a
creature and its Maker, and conterimcr.f in his will
is the b«ft remedy we can apply to misfortunes.

Tmplt.
Cfnintmtnl, withotit external honour, is humi-
lity ; Without the pleafure of eating, temperance.
Grtiu*s C'fmt>l*gia»
Some place the blifs in afiion, fome in cafe }
Tbole call it pieaiure, and cmicnimttit thefe.,

Pjpet EJfaf.
Btit now no face dirine {tmlftmnt wears,
*Tis all blank fadnefs, or continual tears. P3/4.

2. Gratification.

At Paris the prince fpent ona whole day, to give
his mind foroe cimtentmcnt in viewing of a famous
city. Wilton.

Conte'rminous. adj. [conUrmi'ius, La-
tin.] Bordering upon ; touching' at tht
boundaries.

This conformed fo many of them, awnt ccn-
tenaiiout to the coloniof and garrifjDS, to '.Ite Ro-
man laws. IlaU,

Contehra'neous. adj. [ conterraneus,
Lat.] Of the fame country. Di^.

To CONTE'ST. t». a. [fome/ler, French,
probably from (onira te/luri, Latin.] To
7

** "diiffute ; to controvert'; fb Htlgate ; (o
call in queilion.

'Tis evident upon what account none have pre-
fumc3 to contcji the proportion of thcfe ancient
pieces. Drydiif's Dufr^n'.^..

To Conte'st. nj. n.

I . To ftrive j- to -tentend : followed ' by ■

•with. " ' . , ' •

• T'lie difBcuttyof in argumeht adds to'thfe plef-
furc of cQMcJiir.g isi^h II, when there arc hopes of
viflory. , . Burnet.

z. To vie ; to emulate.

1 do cutitejt
As liotly and as nobl)- ««* thy love,
Ai ever in ambitious ftrength'l did
Contend againlt ihy valt>ur. ShjJi^J^. Ccrkhnu:,
Of man, who daraa in pomp w^i' Jove cesii^t
.Uochang'd, immortal, ana luprcmeiy l>lei>? j

Co'ntest. n. f. [from tlie verb, it Is
now accented oa the firft fy liable.] Dif-
pute ; difference ; debate'.

This ofold.no iels coniijii did move,
Thira when feriHobier's birth ltr»'ji cities ftrovej
•■ . '^ • ' ji . • '.k- J : Dtrhaiii.

A definit^B is th^ oifljiinajr'whqTebyltbe mean-
ing of word:i can be kaowiv, vii^ovt k^^vin^ roojn
for anujl about it. huat.

Leave all noify etntefls, all immodeft daVnouns,
and brawling language. IVaitf.

Conte'stabib. adj. [from eoMejt.'\

That may be contelled j difputable ;

controvertible.
Contk'stableness. »./. [frotA ctntejla-

blt.} Poffibilityofconteft. Dtil.

Contest.\'tion. n. /. [ from reiff/e/?. ]

The aft of contefting J debate ; Ihife.

Doors (hut, vifits forbidden, and, which w»s
worfe, divers cmtiJiatiiAit even with the queen hcr-
felf, JVoltOf.

After years fpent in domeftick, unfociabk cat-
tejiations, fhe found means to withdraw. ChrcntJok.,

To CONTEX V. a. .[ccnttxo, Lat.] To
weave together ; to unite by interp»ft^
tion of parts. This word is not in ufe.l

Nature may ccnrtx a plant, though that be ^ per-
feOly mixt concrete, without having all the ele-
ments {•.cviuuHy prefcnted to hci to com^ouisl it
of. Bcyfc.

The fluid body of quickfiKcr is ccnttscd with
the faits i; carries up in fubliniacion. Bcy/t.

Co'ntext. »./. [(oijiext us, Luin.] Ihe
general feries of a difcoarfe; the parjs
of the difcourfe that precede and follow
the fentence quoted. , ; ■ ,/ .

That chapter is really a rcprcfeuta<>oa^f; onf,
which hath only the knowledge, not pradlice^ if
his duty } as is maniftft from the ccniexi. ; ' '
Hammof!t{ on yurrdhmftittt/l .

Conte'xt, adj. [from ceniex.1 Knit to^
gcther ; firm.

Hollow and thin, for lightneft) but Withal en -'
««/ and firm, fot ftrength.

Dtrham'i. Ebyjm-Tbah?^.

Conte'xture. «./. [from (i9n«.>r.J '^I'he
difpofition of parts or.c amongJl others S
the compofitioa of arty thing out bffe-
parate parts ; the fyllem ; the conliitu-
tjon ; the manner in which any thing is
woven or formed.

He was nut'of any delicate cmtexiart; his limbs
rather rturdy than dainty.^ : ' H^tiin.

tvery fpecies, atrerv...r.!s e-- ' pro.

duced froui that idc^ fining ''' /Tn.

lexiure of created beings.' i, j"". . ^^./jifmy.

Hence 'gan relax
The ground-'s conttxiurt ; hence Tartarian dregs,
Sulpl;ur and nitrous fpume, cnkindiing fierce,
BcUow'd within tiieur daiklomc ca'.es. I'bUifs.

Th'sapt, (fiT5^*tft «»&.'V«'of the fea, '''■
Makes it the fliips, driv'n by the winds, obey;
Whence hardy merchants fail from ftiore to fhore. ■

" B^ockmore.

Contigna'tion. n.f. [contignatU, Lat.]

1 . A sframe of beams joined together 5 a
Aory. . . - . ■

We mean a porch, or cloiftcr, or the like, of one
ccntigtratkn, and not in ftoricd, buildings. ,

, . ^niiw.'i ArcbiteBure.

Whece more of the i>rders thaii ui.e ihall he fee
in fevcral 'itories or ccntigvaikm, there muft be an
exqulfite care to place the columns one over an-
other. Walton,

2. Tjie aft of framing oi joining a fabrick
of wood. . ,

CoNTiGu'iTY. ». f. [from contiguous. "^
. AcHial contaft ; fituation in which two
bodies or countries touch tipori c!».ch
other.

He defined magnatlcal altraflion to\e a natural

imitation and dilpofition conforming unto mnti-

gulfy. Bi'Civn*

The immediate emigti'iiy ofthat icnvtt. were a

real fpace. li a! tU Origin sf Mtnkind,

GONTrCUOUS. adj. [contlgmts, Latin.^

1. Meeting fo as to touch ; bordering upon
-.teach other ; not feparate.

•Flame doth not mingle with flame as air doth
with air, or water with water, but only remaincth
tsK/ipims J as it cometb to pafs betwixt confifting.
bodies. Bacon I Natural hijii^ry.

The loud mifrule ^

Of chaos far rempv'd ; lell riercc extremes,
C'jrtigiKiis, might diftemper the whole frame. Milt,

The Eaft and Weft,
Upon the globe, a mathematlck point '
Only divides: thus happlnefs and mirsfy.
And all extremes, are ftiU coinigtcu!.

Dcnham's Sofhy,.

DirtingTtifli them by the dhninotion of the lights
anvl Aiadows, joining the CMti^itoai objefts by the
partici(^tion of their colours. Diydeni DitfreJ^oy,

When 1 viewed it too near, the two haltji o£
the paper did not appear fully dividsd from one
antfthSr, hot fccmed contiguats at one 'of their
anjlss. NcoHen'/ Ofiich,-

2. It ha's fometimes nxiith.

Water, hz'in^ 'ccrtiguous ivltb air, cobleth it
but moiflc'neth it not. Bacon's Natural Hiftory.

Con Ti'c nous Lv. ad-v. [fromfc^/y^aicaj.].
Without any intervening fpaoes.

Thus difembroil'd, they take their proper place.
The next of kin cr.nti^ucujiy embtacej '
And foes are funder'd by a larger fpace.
1 ' Drydtn\ OviJi

Conti'guousness. n./. [from contigu-
oiu."] Cloft connexion ; coherence. Dm,

Co'nTI NENCE. -7 r ■ i 1

Co'NT-.NENCV.r--/- i""'""""^' »-«.]

,1., ReRraint ; command of one's felf.
■ii-i, He knew what to lay; he knew alto when- to
, )*»ve.ptf, a cotitimnce which is pradliii'd by few
writeri. IJryJet.'s Fahi,i, Ereftci,

2. Forbearance of lawful pieaiure.

Content without lawful venery, is coirr/fffffV/;
without unlawful, chaflity. Grcw'i Cijmi/iigiat

3. Chaftity in general.

Vt/iiere is he ?—
—In her chamber, making a Icrmon of con!:-
nency to her, and rails, and fwears, and ratco,

t'baltifptwei Tatning of the 6br(w» ■
Sufler not dllhonour to approacii
Th' imperial feat; to virtue confecratc,
.Ta<ju(Uc<^.C(:»/;«i»i'ir, and nobilhy.
Vji :, , , ' Shat:</frarg\'2'itusj4nelr0mi'ul,'

4.. Moderation in lawful pleafurcs.

Chaftity, is either aLftmPncc or continence: ab-

ftinejice is that of viryins or widows j continence;

oT inariied perfons. T.-ylor,

5. Continuity J.

CON

5. Continuity ; uninterrupted courfc.

Anrwen ought Co be mide before tlte fame
judge, before whom the dcpofitionswere produced,
left the ctntaaict of llie courfe Ihould be divided ;
or, in other terms, left there diould be a dlfconti-
nuanee of the caufe. Ayliffci Parrrgcn.

CCNTINENT. oJj. [continem, Latin.]

1. Challe; abllemious in lawful pleafurei.

Life
Hath been as cmlinmt, u chafte, as true.
As 1 »m now unhappy. Sbjkeff. ff^inta-'i 7aU.

2. Reftrained; moderate; temperate.

I pray you, have a cwiineni forbearance, till the
fpeed of his rage goes Qoner. Sbakrfp. KingLear,

3. Continuous ; conneded.

The north-eaft part of Afia, if not nni'mmi
with the weft fide of America, yet certainly is the
Icaft disjoined by fea of all thatcoaftof Afia.

SrtrneooJ on Langua^a,

4. Oppoiing; reftraining.

My defire
All etmtiiunt impediments would o'erbear,
That did oppofe my will. Staktfptart.

Co'ntikent. n.f. [contineni, Latin.]
I. Land not disjoined by the fea from
other lands.

Whether this portion of the world were rent
By the rude ocean from the contw^nt.
Or thus created, it was fure defign'd
To be the facred refuge of mankind. tfallrr.

The declivity of rivers will be fo much the lefs,
and therefore the ctnl'mintt will be the lefs drained,
and will gradually increafe la humidity.

Be»!lty*s Sermom.

X. That which contains any thing. This
fenfe is perhaps only in Shake/feare.

O cleave, my fides \
Heart, once be ftronger than thy ctmtinmi ;
Crack thy frail cafe. Shak. jinttny and Cltopatn.

Clofe pent-up guilts
Ritevour contending (oritinertts* Sbijk. King Lear,

To CdNTI'NGE. v.tt. [co»ii»so, Lat.]

To touch ; to reach ; to happen. Di3.

Conti'ngencb. I »•/• [from eontingenf.]

Conti'ncency. 5 The quality of being

fortuitous ; accidental poflibility.

Their credulities alTent unto any prognofticks,
which, confidering the contingency in events, are
only in the prefcience of God. Brcnun's fulg. Err.
fox once, O heav'n ! unfold thy adamantine
book;
If not thy firm, immutable decree,
At leaft the fecond page of great contingency.
Such as confifts with wills originally free. Drydcn.
Ariftotle fays, we are not to build certain rulei
upon the contingency of human a£tions. S'^ath.

Conti'ncent. adj. [contiiigem, Latin.]
Falling out by chance ; accidental ; not
determinable by any certain rule.

Hazard naturally implies in it, firft, fumcthing
fcture j fccondly, fomething contingent. South.

I firft informed myfelf in all material circum-
ftances of it, in more plac&i than one, that there
might be nothing cafual or contingent in any one of
thofe circumftaneet. JVooJinard.

Conti'noent. n.f.

1. A thing in the hands of chance. ,

By contirgenli we are ro underOanJ th >fc things
which come Co pafs without any human forecaft.
Greiv^t CoJ'mohgia.

His underftanding eoalJ almoft pierce into fu-
ture contingenti, his conjeSures improving even to
prophecy. Soutb'i ScrrncnM.

2. A proportion that falls to any perfon
upon a divifion : thus, in time of war,
each prince of Germany is to furnifh
his ceiuingent of men, money, and mu-
nition.

Conti'kcently. adv. [from contingent. ]
Accidentally ; without any fettled rule.

C O .N

It is digged out of the earth cemingcvtlj, and le-
difftrently, as the pyrita and agates.

fVotdwari't t^atural Uijlay.

CoNTi'vCENTNESS. n.f. [froffl contin-
gent ."^ Accidentalnefi.
Conti'nual. adj. [«»/;«*«/. Latin.]
I. InceiTant ; proceeding without inter-
ruption ; fucceffive without any (ipacc of
time between. Continual is uiedof time,
and cuntinuaus of place.

He that is of a merry heart, hath a eontinaal
feaft, Frtvcrit, xv.

Other care perhaps
May have diverted from continual watch
Our great foibidder. IdiltoH.

'Tit all blank fadncfl, or tonlinual laai. Pope.

z. [In law.] A continual claim is made
from time to time, within every year
and day, to land or other thing, which,
in fome refpeft, we cannot attain with
out danger. For example, if I be dif-
feifed of land, into which, though I
have right into it, I dare not enter for
fear of beating ; it behooveth me to
hold on my right of entry to the beft
opportunity of me and mine heir, by
approaching as near it as I can, once
every year as long as I live ; and fo I
fave the right of entry to my heir.

Co-tvell.

3. It is fometimes ufed (or perpetual.

ContTnually. adv. [from continual.']

I. Without paufe ; without interruption.

The drawing of boughs into the infide of a
room, where fire is continually kept, hath been
tried with grapes. Bjcon.

z. "Without ceaflng.

Why do not all animals continually increafe in
blgnefs, during the whole fpace of their lives ? .
Bcntley^i Sermons.

Conti'nuance. n./. [frota eontiaite.]

1. Succeflion uninterrupted.

The brute immediately regards his own prefer-
vation, or the continuance of bis fpecies.

yiJdifin't SpefJalor.

2. Permanence in one (late.

Conlir.uance of evil doth in itfelf increafe evil.

Sidney.

A chamber where a great fire is kept, though
the fire be at one ftay, yet with the continuance
continually hath its heat incrcafcd. . Sidv.y.

Thefc Romi(h cafuifts fpcak peace to the cnn-
fcienccs of men, by fuggcfting fomething which
fliall fatisfy their mind', notwithftanding a known,
avowed continuance in fins. South.

3. Abode in a place.

4. Duration ; laflingnefs.

You either fear his humour, or my negligence,
that you call in qiieftion the continuance oflii?-
love. Sbak,Jfeare's Tivelfrh Night.

Th<;ir duty depending up-m fear, the one was of
no greater {oniinuance than the other. Hayviurd.

Thatplcalure is not oi ^xvi'^er continuance, whicli
aiifes from tiK prejudice or malice of its hearers.
jUdiJon's FrahclJcr.

5. Perfeverance.

To them who, by patient centinuanet in well-
doing, feek for glory, and honour, and immorta-
lity, eternal life. Rowiani, ii. 7.

6. Progreflion of time. ••• |

In thy bonk aU my members were writteni
which in Cjntinaance were faftiioned.

Pfjlm, c<xxix. 16.

7. Refiftancc to feparation of parts ; con-
tinuity.

Wool, tow, cotton, and raw filk, have, hefides
the defire of continuance in regard of the tenuity
of their ckrcad, a freedinefs of moiilurs. Bacon.

Conti'nuate. adj. Wontinuatus, Latu).]

I. Immediately united.

We are of him and in him, even ai though
our very ficfli and bmes fltould be made ctntinuaH
with hii. Hooker,

Z, Uninterrupted ; gnbroken.

A moft incomparable man, breath'd, ai it Were,
To an untirable and ctntii.uate goodnefs.

Stakrffeare'i Thncr.

A clear body broken to fmall pieces produceth

white j and bccometh moft black while it ii ton-

tinuate and undivided, 15 we fee in deep waters and

thick glalTes. Peacbfm.

Conti'nu ATEi.Y. adv. [from contltiu-
ate.] With continuity; without inter-
ruption.

'Ihe water afcends gently, and by intermiflions ;

but it falls coniiauately, and with force. mkini,

Continua'tiON. a.yl [from continuate-}

Proti-iftion, or fucceflion uninterrupted.

Thefe things muft needs be the works of Pro-
vidence, for The continuation o( the fpecies, and
upholding the world. Ray,

The Roman poem is but the fecond part of the
Ilias; a rofitini/nriofi of the fame flory. Drydin,

Conti'nuative. n,/. [from continuete.J
An expreflion noting permanence or
duration.

To thefe may be added ctntinuatitin i as, Rome
remains to this day) which includes at leaft two
propofitions, vi», Rome was, and Rome is.

ffaiis'i Lngiilk'
Continua'tor. n./. [from continuate.]
He that continues or keeps up the feries
or fucceflion.

It feems injurious to Providence to ordain a viray
of produAion which fliould dcftroy the producer,
or contrive the continuation of the fpecies by the
dcrtruilion of the continuator, Brotvnt t^ulg% Err,

To CONTI'NUE. V. n. [continuer, Fr. «»-
tinuo, Latin.]

1. To remain in the fame (late, or place.

The multitude continue with me now thiee days,
and have nothing to eat. Mattbe^v, xv. 32.

The popular vote
Inclines here to continue, and build up here
A growing empire. Milton,

Happy, but fur fo happy ill fecur'd,
Long to continue, Milrcnt

He (ix days and nights
Continued making. Alifimt

2. To laft ; to be durable.

Thy kingdom Hiall not continue.

I Samuel, x!ii. 14.
For here have we no continuing city, but we
feck one to come, H<ir:tcs, xiii. 14.

They imagine that an animal of the longeft du-
ration (hou'd live in a continued motion, without
that rcll whereby all others ctmriitiir.

Brown't fulgar Errouri,

3. To perlevere.

If ye «nfiii« in my word, then are ye my dif.
ciples indeed. yobn, viii. ji.

Down rulh'd the rain
Impetuous, and continued till- the earth
No more was fecn. Mittm,

To Com \'n\iic.. V. a,

1 . To protraft, or hold without interrup-
tion.

O continue thy loving kindnefs unto them.

Pj..!m xxxvi. io.

You know how tt make yburfelf happy, by
only continuing fuch a life as you have been long
accullomed to lead. Pope.

2. To unite without a chafm, or interven-
ing fubftance.

The ufe of the navel is to continue the infant
unto the mother, and by the vei1i:ls thereof to
convey its alimeuts and fuftenance.

Brown'} fulrar Errouru
Th«

CON

The dailt abj fs, whofc boil!n» gulph
Tamely endur'd a bridge of wDnd'roas length,
From hell ccnt'inued, read^ ig the utmofl orb
or this frail world. Milan's Farajife Ltji.

Here Priam's fon, Deiphobus, he f^und,
TVhofe face and limbs were one continued wound ;
T^iilioneft, with lopp'd arms, the youth appears,
Spoird of his nofe, and Ihorten'd of his cars.

Drydcn's ^neid*
Where any motion or fucceflion is fo flow, as
tliat it keeps not pace with the ideas in our minds,
there the feries of a crjnftantiortw»i-J fucceflion is
loll ; and we perceive it not but with certain gaps
of reft between. hwkc.

Conti'nuedly. ai-u. [from continued.']
Without iaterruption ; without ceafing.

By perieverancc, I do not underOand a ctmti-
muaily uniform, equal courle ai obedience, and
/iich as is not interrupted with^elcaft a^ of fm.

Nirril.

CoNTi'mjER. »./. [from <««//>«(-.] Hav-
ing the power of ped'evcrance.

I would my horfc liad ihe fpced of your tongue,

and fo g-')od a coKfinuer. ■ ^ ■ -■

- • Shakefpicri' i Much adc ahouf N'jfhirg.

CoNTlNu'axY. «./. [cBntinuitas, Li^n,]

I. Connexion uninterrupted ; cubeiien ;

clofe union.

It is certain, that in all bodies there is an appe-
tite of union, and evltation of foluticn of conti-
Muity. Bjccn't Natural Hijhry.

Alter th«, great lights th.^e mu* be great ftj-.
^ws, which we c»ii iTpofc« j betaofe in irjlity
the fight would be tired, if jf fiae ^tCra^rd by >
«jirini(i/jf of glittering objeflsy . / .X^Qujra.

. It wraps itfelf about the flame, nr^ ' - i/i-
awtfy hinders say air Or aitre from ' "

'^Au. , ....•- ..-..•.Ji.

3. Tft phyfick. - - '

_ That lextgre or coheiiooiof- the parti of, an
animal body^ upon the deftrujtion qf which there
is faid to be a^fuluttpn of (tniimij^, l^uincf.

As m the natural body a wou/id'Or; fuiution of
ntitlnuity is woiie than a fprrupf huwfur, (To in the
<P«'tual. ■ JBacif;', Zpyu

The foj<d,fiarta may be contracted by diflulviog
their fwir/irairy ; for a fibre, cut through, cor.trafls
"tfelf. • ' • ■ ' ■ .'- Arbuthmt.

Conti'muou*.' j^j.' f«a^//r«Jni, Latin.]
Joined together without the intervention
of any fpace. .i r , : i'„ = r ; , .

As the breadth of every ring it thus augnKnijd,
th« dark intervals muft be diminjjhed, unti) ^he
neighbouring rings beconi* (ontinms, and, are
Wended. Ncuilaii'i Ofticli^-

To whofe dread cxpanfe,
Citt'tMuiiyt depth, and wond'roos length of courfe.
Our floods are rills, TUmJon's Summer.

Tt CONTO'RT. rv. a. [contortus, Latiu.]
To twiil ; to writhe.
The vertebral arteriea are varioofly nnuriid.'

Say.
Air feems to confift of fpires ccnlorled into fmall
fpheres, through the interftices of which the par-
ticles of light may freely pafs. Chryne.

CoKTo'RTiOK.«./[fromffl»/«r/.]Twift;
wry motion ; flexure.

Difroption they would be In danger of, upon a
great and fudden ilictch or contcrti'yii.

Ray on thtOeatkn.

How can (he acquire thofe hundred graces and
motions, and airs, the contortioiti of every mutcular
motion in the face ? Sinifi

CONTC/UR. n./. [French.] The outline ;

the line by which any figure is defined

or terminated.
Co'ntra. a Latin prepofition, ufcd in

compofition, which fignifies againjl.
CO'NTR ABAND. adj. [courabando, Ital.

contrary to proclamation.] Prohibited ,-

illegal ; unlawful.

CON

1/ there happen to be found an irreverent expref-

fion, or a thought too wanton, in the cargo, let

them be flaved or forfeited, like contrabavd goods.

Drydtn's Fai/esi Preface.

To Co'ntr ABAND. "J. a. [from the ad-

jeftive.] To import goods prohibited.
To CONTRA'CT.-c;. a. [contraauj, Lit.]

1. To draw together into lefs compafs.

' Why love among the virtuci is not known ;
It Is, that love cjittrat?! them all in one. Donne.

2. To leffen ; to make lefs ample.

In all things defuetude docs contraSi and, narrow
our faculties. G'virnment of the 7<.ngue.

3. To dravy the parts of any thing together.

To him the an,;?! with comiaSi-d brow. Milton.

4. To make a bargain.

On him thy grace did liUerty beftow j
But firft cortraBed, that, if ever found.
His head Ihould pay the forfeit. Vrjdcti't Failei.
J. Tq betroth ; to affiance.

The truth i% fljc and J, long lince contraBed,

: Are now fo fure that nothing can dilTolve us.

\ Sbakefpearc.

She was a lady of the higheff condition in that

country, mi tthtraHl-HH.0 a faiaii df merit and <j'a3-

. IJtyJ I ;■ . ■■ .-•■-• I , ratl&.

6. To procure; to bring-; to incur; to
draw ; to get.

Of enemies he could not but coBfrac? good (lore,
while' moving m fo high a fphere. King Chattel.
He that but conceive! a crime in thought, i . ,;
{ Contrufh tht danger of an adlual fault.

'' . , Dryden's ytvtital.

i Uce friendly colours^ found them both unite,

i And ejsh fjopi each fOB/Mif?. new ftrength and light.
:'■ . ., Fife.

■ Soell kha^l^urisi ^Mrrit^ ' by having much
' conwiftd with perfons of high ftations. Siufi.

j. To Ikorten : as, life was contraded.

8. To epitomife ; to abridge.

f'o CoNT« a'ct. f . «. '

i. Ta ftirink up ; to grow Ihort.

! 'Vi^Datevei empties the yefTels, gives room to the
' ffbres to f m/fW; jirbutbmt on Alimentt.

2. To barg'ain : as, W contraft/or a quan-
tity of prowijuns.

Contra'ct. furt.adj. (from the verb.]
Affianced ; contrafted. . ;.. . c , i /
.,• ,. firft was he ircsirfli'? to lady T,n«j'j
YoBc mothei fives a witnefs to that vow.

; ' , ShsktJpcareiUicbar'ii'iW.

Co'ntract. tt.f. [from the verb. Anci-
] ently accented on the lafl.]

1 . An adl whereby two parties are brought
together ; a bargain ; a compadl.

The agreement upon oicjrri, by mutual ccn/raff,
vvlth the confcnt to execute them by common
(VsT't'lhi <^'y make the rife of all civil guvtrn-
rtitnts'i ' • ' ■ • Temple.

Shall Ward -draw €mtral}i with a (latefnian's
(kill ?
Or Japhet pocket, like his gmee, a will ? Pope.

2. An aft whereby a man and woman are
betrothed to one another.

.Touch'd you the baltardy of Edward's chil-
, . drrn ?— •
—I J'l !. '.vlth fiis ctnlr^iB with lady Lucy,
.'■traQ by deputy in France.

Sbakefpeare'i Richard \\i.

3. A writing in which the terms of a bar-
gain are included.

CoNTR a'ctedness. n. f. [from contrail-
ed.] The ilate of being contrafted ;
contradlion. Di<!i.

CONTRACTIBl'l,lTY. tt. /. [frOm CO/t-

tra(fiiile.'\ Poflibility of being contraft-
ed ; quality of fuffering contraftion.

By tnis continual contraflibiHiy and dilatability
by different degrees of beat, the air is kept in a
conilant raotioot jirbuibnot.

CON

Contra'ctible. adj. [from (a»traS.1
Capable of contraftion.

Small air bladders, dilatable and eentrafiiile, are
capable to be inflated by the admiflion of air, and
to fubfide at the expulfion of it.

Arbitthnot on Aliments.
CoNTR a'ctibleness. ». /. [from con-
iraaible.] The quality of fuffering con-
traftion. Dia.
Contra'ctile. adj. [ from contraa. ]
Having the power of contraftion, or of
fhortening itfelf.

The arteries are elaAick tubes, endued with a
conira^ile force, by which tliey fquceze and drive
the blood ftill forward. Arbuthnot on Alimenl$m

CoNTR a'ction. fi./. [contraaio, Lat.]

1. The aft of contrafting or fliortening.

The main parts of the poem, fuch as the fab!«
and fentimcnts, no tranllator can prejudice but by
omiflions or contra^ions. Fope's Ejfay on Homer*

2. The aft of Ihrinking or Ihrivelling.

Oil of vitriol will throw the ftomach into invo-
luntary contrarians. Arbuthnot &n A'iments.

3. The ftate of being contrafted, or drawn
into a; narrow compafs.

Some things induce a contraSiion in the nerves,-,'

placed in the mouth of the ftomach, which is a

great caufe of appetite. Bacon,

Comparing the quantity of contraffion and dila-

, tation made by all the degrees of each colour, I J

^ j found it greateft in the red. Nenvton's Opticks*

'4. [In grammar.] The reduftion of two .
' vowels or fyllables to one.
5. Any thing in its ftate of abbreviation
. or contraftion : as, tbe turiting isfull tif

contraftions.
Contra'ctor. »./. [from contraa.] One.

of the parties to a contraft or bargain.

■Let the meafure of your aflirmation or denial
be the, undeiftanding of your contraHor ; for he
that deceives the buyer or the feller by fpeaking
what is true, in a fenfe not underftood by the
other, is a thief. Taylor's Rule of Living Holy*
All matches, fricndihips, and focicties, are dan-
gerous and Inconvenient, where the contraSors are
not equals, j . , i L'EJirange.

To CONTRADl'CT. <». a. Xcoutradico,
Latin.]

1 . To oppofe verbally ; to aflert the con-
trary to what has been afferted.

I It is not lawful to contradiB a point of hiftory
j which is knuwn to all the world, as to make
: Hannibal and Scipio cootemporarics with Alex-
ander. Dryden*

2. To be contrary to ; to repugn ; to op-
pofe.

I No truth can contradiB any truth. Hookit.

! fi.'- t,) 1 £-(»i/<-«</ifl your banes !

' If you >wU marry, make your loves to me.

,. J. ,, S bat ffpcare't King Lear*

CoNTRADi'cTER. n.f. [i'rom ccniradia.'\
One that contradifts ; one that oppofes j
an oppofe r.

If no coniriidiller appears herein, the fuit will
furvly be good. Aybiffe^s Farergon*

If a gentleman is a little fincere in his reprefen-
tationt, he is lure to have a dozen eontradiffers,

Siuif's yientf of Ireland,

Contr ADi'cTioN. n.f. [from fffB/raaVV?.]

1 . Verbal oppofuion ; controverfial affer-
tion.

That tongue,
Infplr'd with confradiBien, durft oppo(e
A thiiJ part of the godl. Milttn'sFaradifeLofi,

2. Oppofition.

Canfidvr him that cndurcth fuch contradiHion
of finacts againtt himfclf, left ye be wearied.

Jieircivl, xii. 3.

3. Incon-

CON

3.tI»co.ofiftency with iifelfj incoogruUy
in words'or thoaghts.
C :.. V ; ,' > That were

l^u:.:.:.. , .1. .-,-u.-n:

■Ot weajcnrfsj not of pow'r, Mihtii't Pit. J^ifi-
The Ipoftle'j idvice, to be anury and iin not,
was a emtroitlKtm irt their phitofopby. '

5, Soulb't StnKni.
\( truth be once perctrvca, we do thereby aUb
J«i*ciV!: whaUbci et i« falfc in ccrrrailiil'nn t/^ it.

Grrtv'i Cofmoto^ja*

4. COTifraricri', in^thou^ht or effeA. '

AH icnrraJiOhm grow m thofe mindi, wh?ih

neither abfohRsly ciimb the rock ot virtue, -nor

fri-ely fink into chefea of vanity. SklHef.

Laws human muft be made without ttntraiii^hon

unm any poricive law iri fcripture. • Huokir^

CoNTRABi'ff isius. adj. [ftcaa foatra-

did.} ■■',■■' _,.!. ;' ■

j.T'Filledwithcontradiaions; inconfiiteht.

'The tairv of decency, of" gov«rtim«nt, of jufti<e
itrdt', aie fo ditterfnt in on - -' - ' — in wl «t tUcy .
acshi anatlicr, lb pitty-civ -.iraiiifiiau:,

that o»6 nKiuld think th- . , . men altered
»l»)r4biSV>. their climates. ,; . | ^J ■ • j C«Vjfr.

2. Inclined to contradift ;, given to caifij,;

3.. Opjpoihe to ivinconfilkiit with.

i Jfchereiiie »&.'» unmanly, ind. the expeSatMtn
immital, ot coyitr.iilclkui tatheatttifewtes of Qoii,
euahopes-wtfoa^t never ta^«ci>'SA Cafl/i''-

.. 1 . .'■•■ .■:i' r^ f: .17 ;.■ .•■■v

L'-Iiiconiillency ;'cott*ai4?iH;'t*1tftJfC I •

'J'his opinion wa3,ftr'>K ahiXi^tjailditiifriiAV-
Sotjitfi, u'tpiiwrthjicof^l&dxeeuei fpirit nf'Fiata.

^^ :\i i -. •.v\-:i ~:«, /;.,•.■ . . : .fr^i-

2. Difpofition to cavil ; difpataj^ws tejn.-

„d?^ r.^*-.".'^- - "-rM > .., . -«-, ■. T r , I,'

fioiucij' to otner>,

r-Shchevkive dikouited l»e)**,hov»fei4i«r/ej5f,
eojitrjUly, <»t cmtradiH ri/y ici'iy^te^ theaifelvet,
thatm iiAta\iUvtiiom ttcnce i.»kt leipijoably
dflductd. - i ■ . , ■• : ■■■■-■..- tiLi.f^SV"'

CJP«t1tj\ttl'cTORtWB»» *•/• [from re».
i^yiaory^ Oppofitiqn in the higheft

CoNTRADi'«;Toit.Y. ^Jj; [coniroIUJliHui ,
HaiTin.'J J^''-.'^' ' ■ /' '■''''!•"' ■''

1. Qppofite toi'ftt^iort'iiftentiWA:^' '"

ThVJcWs hold, that in cafe two r^tSWes IhtuU

happen to contradift ontf »noth<'r, they were yet

bound toljeUeve the rMfadiacAf -aflertions of both.

Soari's ^ermimu

.The <ch«#«>f iKoft g<n^e*M» airet.'fiBoft -ab-
furd, and conirjJinory to common fenfe. .
.-,;;■ . ,, . yiJUifiii'l FifcboltHr.

2. tTnl(wWc)-That whick is in the fuUefl
oppofitton', where both the te»m» of one

'propolltion are pppofite to thofe of an-
other. - ■ -j • I • i J "■
Co K T «L * i«'cT<fri<-ii«.--»r/' '■ A ^opofition
which oppofes another in all its terms ;
contrariety; inconfiftency.

Jt is conimonVitU princes to will irtrttrnJu'lvie! ;
fof it is tfae folccifm of po^cr to thiiJe to com -
roiin4 the co^ and yet not to eridure the means.

Ba:cn,

To aferiksunto him a power of aleftion, not

. to chu^p ^n or .t)>at inditferent^, ii tp make tlic

fame thing to be determined to 01^, and to be not

detcrmijied to one, whicli arc ^ortraJifloriei,

Brinnbjlti An^cr tp HM(s.

CoKTRADii^i'iJCTioN. tt. /. [hUta'ciri-
ti'aJijiinguiji.] Diftinai'on by oppofite

qualities.

We muft trace the f»«l to ih* w»y» of '"M'-
leAuai aitiwti, wlicicby w «iy come to tlie dif-

in fwirr*;

CON

• rf "hat It meant by 'm»sInJtlon,
I imt other, powei-s.

Clanvi/li'i $ctfjii'

Th*f there are fuch things a's fins of tnflrmity,

I !u nr.irail'p'"'lUpa to thofe of jirrfumption, ia, a

' tniA not !0 be qiicftloncd. SQulh.

To CONTRADISTI'NGUISH. v. a.
[from centra and dijiinguijh .'\ Todirttfi-
guifti not fimply by differential but by
oppofite qualities.

The primary iJ-'as we have peculiar tp body, a<.

CO., ■ ■' ' ' ' ■ , -rdkhecohJltOnpffoJid,

I ar , parrs, and a poweV cf

. cc. . . ; impuifc. ' Z-arV*

"plcX ideas of foi/l an<J body,

as I I. ; 1 . LocU.

Co.vTKAFi'ssuiiis. */. [from r»«*rf« ahd
Mure.]- ■ ■ V

' CiiT.ii.fions, when great, do ufually product i
j fiffnreor craikDf (he fcuU, either in thefaw'^ psrt
I where the bKiW was-inflidledj and then iPit called
' firtUre; ocln' the conmry part, ia which flafc it

obtains the ntlme of cpnrr^J/itrt, H^Jtman,

p CONTRAITvDICAT£.,5?, «. {^"t^ra
apd-.^yfeft i-at.},.', JP pqRt.piit fopie
peculiar or incidental fymptom or me,
thodef cure, solitary Jto jvhacthe gone-.
ral tenour of the malady rwgiiresi

, Vofnitsi have thdc ute in this mHlady ) but the
! ageanJ fci of the-jpotionrior otJ.er i;rgcoto» fo»*
; rrowi^jca/ifl^tfj'abptoms, naarftiK-okferileiiii
1 X::i. . ■• , .u.UamguMdljvkfHm'ii

S^tiWTItjkl'w^jdA'TION. >!./. [from Ci.,:-

1 i^aiMlrare.] A'li jHdicitioh'oiT;

whicK'forbids tliat to' Be dori'e u - -

, inainffope of a dif«afe points wt at
|.firil..' .,,..;.:■.. • - ' «'-"-

( I eaUmnmtD give the ktvril: f;m,iir

diftcmper, and, jm*,^gaer, diet :. -!;i: .

ithe complicationsof the Jtft, or i
tothefecinj. , " ' 'An>i

OKTR
Infor

'■./.[mifKct/i'/'f, r'rtnch. J

, is an diat-waj/.(>i''lt aBpij^t

the npi,l).Wf^<l?f ^ (^fyr; : , :;^A'?7'^-'- :

Co N T R A N i't E K c Y . n. /..{(tOm (cutiti and

vittnrs, lEiit.-J) 1 1 p.e»aion i. 'a rcultency/a-

gainll preifure. .u:: .:■ h', , . v J)iS.

Co N T R A ptwji'T'roif . ». fi ■ [from icutra

and^£^4'(!«'.] A plating ovef-agafnft?''"

Co N.T R A ft ^ o, ij V a'r i.t*"', ''\J\ [frpni ('"'■■>

/r«'and r<f;f/i»;*)'.]'',G(J>ttrariety : :'-.

It is not only it's riot prbiSio'ti;ig, but
or at leaftifs natviVsl aptncfs te oppofc, ;,v ,,.^-.^1
and beftvof end* j fo thai it is not fo properly an
irregularity as a uatrarcguiar'ity. fftirtis.

CoNTR a'riant'. iidj. [ccntrnrlant, from
: fOK/r-anVr, French.] Iriconfifteirt ; Cofl-
tradifSory; 3 t|tr{n <?f iavy- : , ..- ■,

The very depolitions of witneflfes (jiemfelves
befog falle, *ario«»r«»f*'r»i«r,:fi»8to, 'oconclud-
ent, ; . n r ■' ^jfiffc'lPar'Tgon.

Co'ntr ARi Ks. »./. [from contrary.'] In
logkk, prapofuions which dcllroy each
other, biu of which the falfehood of one
does nofeft''^'-"^ -"iC triith of the other.

>ilf two#ni. .n (pjjnty, they are con-

Irivitf-y.^i, I J -^^lyirie, nt vim ii arra.

'Tlicre fiin never be boUi'irue together, but th^y

may be both fflCc. ' Watii'i Lcgkk.

CpNT«Aiti'EtT. «./ [frOBI cmrariet^Si

Latm;] ' '

I. Repugnance; oppofition.

The will abo\jt one and the feuve thing may, in
contiary rcfpefls, have conttai? inclinations, and
that^iffithout (»irriM'/<y(- . UkUt.

flaking a ron-'rarM/y the place of my memory,
in lior foulncfs i beheld Pamda's falrnefs, flill
looking on .Moj'fa, bat thinking on l^auieia. 6Vji.

CO N

He which will perfeAly recover t lick, tai rt*

ftorc a difeafed, body unto' health, muff not eniici-

, voar 10 much to bring it to a ftate of (imple csntta-

rieti, as of fi: proportion in ctntrarieij unto thol^

evils which are Vo be cuied. lh:itr.

It principally failed by late fetting out, and ly
fome cmtrer:fty of we:itbcr at fea, tVmur^

Their rcli jion had more than negative ctatraritiy

to virtue. ' Defoy »f P'ifij,

I There i» a eentrar'itty between thofe things that

coilfcience inclines to, anj tliofe that entertair^ the

fcnfes. , , _ Somk.

Tliefe twd interell?, if is to be feared, cannot
be divided ; but they will aHb prove oppofite, and,
not rcftins; in a bm diverfity, quickly rifc inio a
forrtrarirtj. '' ' ^ Sourb.

Thefe is notliins oiDre eoinioon than tmtraritty
of opinians ; nothing more obvious (lun that 01^
man wholly dilbelieves what another only doubts
of, and * thitd ftedfallly believes and drmly ad.
heres to. Lucht

i. Inconfiftency ; qaality Or pofiticn d^--^
I ftruftive of its oppofite. '

He wilt he-hcre, and yet he is not here ;
How can tliefe «»fr«r;rti« agree ?■ • . ;«

•;• ' ■ ^' Khaiefleare't Henry W,,_

(fcoKt'RA'«itY. Ad-v, [from rtwrrar)-.] • '' '
; ftj^a manner contrary. ' *

j Many of th m confpire to one and the ftme

I action, asii all' tliis r<»«riiT/^ to the laws cf fptci'

fick gravity, iiit whatever -polhuq the body be

i'ocmed. /■- 1 Kay m tht Crtalint.

;;. different Wa • ' ' ■ " ^'ins.

'Thoi/ghWln AiU»

t.SiAj th>!rti fo •C'rr /!• ^ of

th*fO 4o what is evih cUt

^d'rVt R A'R'i.NtSS. 'I- J^f .^truiii ceniraryf^

Coji.tr^rie.^y ; oppoiition. Di3.

•^ON T R a'r lou s . a.ij. [from ccitrmy.l <[Jp-X

'pofitc; repn^nam'theoiw to the other.

'' - ' . li

i <'r err:." .;'■;-:>',

! 1\ DioVidencettlrooghhTsaiortcotWl??

pj'N'TitA'.RrtJ'^sKV. <iife.;.'[fTrW' ctahrn-
' ,r/«i(i.] Oppofheiy ;' contrarily.

I Many things, having lull reference ,

' Ttrone confent',' may work r(?»!/riiTi*j^J^.

f :..;.. .... "i. . ...i .Sbihijpiart't Hittry^.

ontra'riwise. adv. \^ceatrary and
•»!;//&.] '
Converfely.
, Divers medicines in greater quantity move flool,
; aiiS in fAalfei' lirinej and fo, contrarkvifr, fome
! in greater quantity move urine, and in finjillcr
^ (lopl. Ba:on'i Natural BJIirf.

F.vcry thing that afts upon the fluids, mull, at.
the fame time, hSi uypn the follds, and ccnirarkBi/t.
I . 'J ^buthnu on yiitmenii.

J2. Oppofltely*i!./j i ii- ' " "-

r . ai'.e matter of fSth is conftaot; the matter,
' fM(/r<ir>if^, of a<H«ns daily changeable, f/coktr.
I This reqoeft vf as never before made by any other
lords; but, tcnfi.rriTOf/'f, they were humble fuitors
to have the benefit »ai ptoteAion of the Jingliili-
laws. Diivici on Ir.lund.

,The fijn may fet and rife ;
•''But we, csntrjr'r.oi^e.
Sleep, after ou'r ifiort light, ' " *

One evcrtailing night. .r ^._ ,.rU

■ ,Ra!rigb':HiJI}iyc/tbcWl>r^'
CCNTRARY. adj. [coitlrarius, Latin.)
I. (Oppofite,; eoturadiftpry ; not fimpl/
dift'ereiit, or not ali!c,e, but repugnant, (o
that one dellroys or obftrutts the other.

■ Perhaps fome tiling, ffpugn«at ti her kind.
By ftciip tile C)ul may kill ;

But ■ cntr^tj to the mind.

Which i _..t.,iUniries ia conoiW Aiil f- '■•

!. Inconfiifcnx ; difagfe^io£.

Bevies,

' He

CON

,H» that belie»et it, and yet lives ur.trjry to it,
knovfs that he hath no reafon for what he does.

The vafiouj and cmtrary choices th«t men make
in the world, do not argue that they do not a!:
purfue good j but that the fame thing is not good
to every man alikp. Lockt.

3. Adverfe ; in an oppofite direflion.

The (hip was in the midft of the iea, tolfcd with
the waves j for the wind was co»rrflrv.

MiUlb. xiv. 24.

Co'ntrary. »./ [from the adjeftive.]

1. A thing of oppofite qualities.

^o contraries hold more antipathy.
Than I and fuch a knave. Sbahff. King Lear.

He fuilg
Why entrants feed thunder in the cloud.

Ccwfey^l Davitfris.
Honour (honld be concern'd in honour's caulc ;
That is not to be cur'd by ccrtrarirt.
As bodies are, whofe health is often drawn
From ranlieft poifons. Southerns Oreomh.

2. A propolition contrary to fome other;
a fid contrary to the allegation.

1 he inibnces brought by our author are but
. iknder proofs of a right to civil power and domi
nJOD in the firll-born, and do rather flisw ihc

contrary. i^ocke.

3. On theCoKT*.\KY. In oppofition ; on
the other fiie.

He pleaded ftill not guilty ;
The king's ^tornejr, or. the ciir,trjty,
Urg'd on cxamirations, proofs, confefllons.
Of diverfe witjielfes. Sbair/feare's HtttryVUl,
If jurtite .lood on the fide of the fingic perfun,
it ought to g'.vc good mrn pieafure to fee that ligh:
ihoiild t.ilc; phc- ; bar when, on ihi eonirary, the
commonweil of a whole nation is ovciborn by
private intereft, what giod man but moft lament ?

Siuift.

4. 7» /*? Contra RV. To a contrary
purpofe ; to an oppofite intent.

They did ic, not for want of inJlru^ion to the
• ctntrari. Stillingjieel.

To Co^NTRARy. -v. a. [corttraritr, Fr.]
To oppoie ; to thwart ; to contradift.

When I cam; to court, I was advifcd not to con-
trary the Icing. Latimer.
Finding in him the force of it, he wo'ild no
further ontrary it, but employ all his fervlce to
me^cine it. Siilney.

CaNTRAST. «./. [contrafie, Fr.] Op-
pofition and difllmilitude of figures, by
which one contributes to the viiibilityor
effeft of another.

To Co.ntha'si. -u. a. [from the noun.]

1. To place in oppolitiow, fo that one
figure ihews another to advantage.

2. To (hew another figure to advantage by
\ti colour or fituaiion.

The figures of the groups muft not be all on a
li le, thai is, with their faces and bodies ail rtirnc^l
the lanieway ; but muil »«r«/?each other by their
feveral pofitioni. liryden.

CojjTR avalla'tion. tl. /. [from contra
and vaUo, Lat.] The fortification thrown
op by the belicgers, round a city, to
hinder the fallies of the garrifon.

"When the late cz.ir of Mufcuvy fiill acquainted
hiinf:!f with niath':madcal leainiug, he p rail! ft
aM the rules of circurnv^llition and eantrava/Ltin
at tic fiege of a town in Livonia.' tVaiii'i L-j/Jc,

ToCONTRAVE'NE. v. a. [contra and

■venii, Lat.] To oppofe ; to obilrucl ; to

baffle.
Co N- r R A V e'n E R . n.f, [from contravene. ]

Me who oppoles another.
Co.<T R avs'ni lo.v. n.j. [French.] Op-

polltion.
Vol. f.

CON

If ChrHllanity did not lend its name to ftand in
the gap, and to employ or divert thcfe humours,
they muft of necelh-.y be fpent in contramitiior.s to
the lawb of the land. S-tvifi-

Contraye'rva. n. /. [contra, againit,
and yerva, a. naine by which the Spa-
niards call black hellebore ; and, per-
haps, fometimes poifon in general.] A
fpeciesof birthwort growing in Jamaica,
where it is much ufed as an alexiphar-
mick. M'l^"-.

CoktrBCTa'tion. n.f. [contre^atio, La-
tin.] A touching or handling. Difl.

Co N T R i'b u T A R Y . adj. [from ccn and tri-
butary.'\ Paying tribute to the fame fo-
vereign.

Thus we arc engaged in the objefts of geometry
and arithmeiick ; yea, the whole mathematicks
muft be ccntritutoty, and to them all nature pays
a Qjbfldy. GhrvilU'! S:,fjh.

To CONTRI'BUTE. -v. a. [contriiuo, La-
tin.] To give to fome common ftock ; to
advance towards fome common defign.

England contributes much more than any other
of tlie allies. jidJ-pii on the fyhr.

His mafter contributed a great fum of money
to t'-.e Jcfuitj church, which it not yet quite
tinilhed. Aidijon on Italy.

To Co N T R i'b tJ T E . v. II. To bear a part ;
to have a (hare in any aft or effed.

"Whatever praties may be given to vAoiks of
judgment, there is not even a (ingle beauty in them
to which the invention mull not catiiiutc.

?Qpi*s £JJ'ay on Hunter.
CoNTE ibu'tiOK. n./. [from contribute.^

1. The aft of promoting fome defign in
conjunftion with other perfons.

2. That which is given by feveral hands
for fome common purpole.

It hath pleafcd them of Macedonia to make a
certain centribuiion for the poor faints. Rom. zv. 26.

Parents owe their childnrii not only material
fubfiHence for tlicir body, but much m&refpirituai
ccniribul'ioni ios their mind. Di^oy.

Beggars are now maintained by voluntary contn-
butsoss, Graunt's Bills of Mortality.

3. That which is paid for the fupport of
an army lying in a country.

The people 'twi«t I'hilippi and this ground
Do Hani but in a forc'd afi'eflion ;
For they have grudg'd us contribution,

Sbatefpeare*s yuliusCafar.

Contri'butive. ae/J. [from contribute.]
That which has the power or quality of
promoting any purpofe in concurrence
with otiier motives.

A; thr value of the pr-vmifes renders them moft
proper intcntives to virtue, fo the manner of pr?-
pofing we Iha'l find alfo highly coniributive to the
fame end. '' ' ' Decay f Piny .

Contr i'butor. n.f. [from contribute.]
One that bears a part in fome common

, defigti ; one that help, forward, or ex-
erts his endeavours to fome end, in con-
juiiftion with others.

1 pro.nis'd we would be cemtriluforSf
And bear his charge of wcjoing, whatfoe'er. Shalt.

A grand C(.nirit>uijr 10 our dilleutions is pjlhori.
Veeay of Piety.

Art thou a true lover of thy cnuntiy ? zealous

■ for its/eligiou! and ci\il libertie< ? and a rhearfiil

c'jttrihul^r to all thnlit public expenccs which have

been thought nccellary to fecure them < Aticrbury.

The whole people were witneli'es to the building
of tlie ark and tabernacle j they were all contributors
to it. Forbe!.

Contri'butory. adj. [from contribute ]
Promoting the fame end ; bringing a(-

C O N

fiftance to fome ioint defign, or increafc
to fome common flock.

To CONTRI'STATE. «;. a. [contrip,
Latin.] To fadden ; to make forrowful;
to make mel.ancholy. Not ufed.

Ciackncls and darkneis are but privatives, and
therefore have little or no adivity : fomewhat they
do ccvlrifate, hut very little. Bacon's Nat. Uiflcry.

CoNTRiST a'tion. n.f. [from contri^ate.]
The aft of making fad; the ftate of
being made fad ; lorrow ; heavinefs of
heart ; fadnefs ; forrowfulnefs ; gloomi-
ncfs ; grief; moan ; mournfulnefs ; trou-
ble ; difcoiuent ; melancholy. Not ufed,

Incep.fe and nidorcus fmells, fifch as were <it
facrifices, were thought to intoxicate the bialni
aod to difpofe men to devotion; which they may
do by a kind of fadnefs and coittri/l-ation of the
'fpirits, and partly alfo by heating and exalting
them . Bacon's Natural H:Jl»y.

CONTRI'TE. adj. [eor.tritus, Latin.]

1. Bruil'ed ; much worn.

2. Worn with forrow ; harafled with the
fenfe of guilt ; penitent. In the books
of divines, contrite is forrowful for fin,
from the lovi; of God and defire of
pleafmg him ; and attrile is forrowful
for fin, from the fear of punifhment.

1 Richard's h;dy have interred now;
And on it have bciVowed more contrite tears.
Than I'lOm it ifl'ucd forced drops of blood.

Stakeffeare's Henry V,
With tears
Wat'ring the.ground, and with our fighs the air
Frequenting, fentfrom hearts crnfrite, in fign
Of forrow unfeign'd, and humiliation meek.

Mi/lm.

The contrite finner is reftored to pardon, and,

through I'aith in Chrift, our repentance is entitled

to falvation. Rogens.

Contri'teness. n.f. [from contrite.}

Contrition ; repentance. Di^,

Contri'tion. n./ [from contrite.']

1. The aft of grinding, or rubbing to
powder.

Some of thofe coloured powders, which painter*
ufe, may have their colours a little changed, by
being very claboiately and finely ground ; where I
ftc not what can be juftly pretended for thofe
changes, befides the breaking of their parts into
Ufs parts by that contrition. Nituicns Ofticis.

2. Penitence ; forrow for fin : in iheftrift
fenfe, the forrow which arifes from the
defire to pleafe God ; diilinguirtied from
attrition, or imperfeft repentance pro-
duced by dread of hell.

What is lorrow and cor.iriiion for fin ? A being
grieved with l\\i confcience of lin, not only that
we have tliercby incurred fuch danger, but alfo
that we have lo unkindly grieved and piovokcd fn
good a'God. Hiimmoitd': Praflica! Catechifm.

Fruits of more pleafing favour, from thy feed
Sown with contrition in his hcait, than thofe
Which, his own hand manuring, all the trees
Of Paradifc could have pioduc'd. Mitt. Par. LoJI.

Your faftijig, contrition, and mortification, when
the church and ftate appoints, and that efpecially
in times of greater riot and luxury.

Spratt's Sermons.

My future days fhali be one whole contrition j
A chapel will 1 build with large endommenc.
Where every day an hundred atjcd men
Shall all bold up their wither'd hands to heav'n.

DryJen*

CoNTB I'vABi.n. fl(^'. [from contrive.] Pof-
fibie to be planned by the mind ; poffi-
ble to be invented and adjufled.

It will hence appear how a perpetual motion
lOay fecra caiily contrivable. lyUkiitl'l Dadalus.

J 3 F Com-

CON

ConTiit'vAiiCE. »./. [from eoHtrivi.'^
1. The aft of contriving; excogitation;
the thing contrived.

Tkere is no work itnpoffible to thcfe emtri-
I'lif.iu, but tliere mis be as much i€ltd by thU art
•s can be fancied by imagination.

H^Vkhi'i AUtbcmaticjl Magk.
laftniAed, you'll «p1ore
TiWiM aulr'nitnic, asd a God adore.

B'stkmtre^l CrfdticH.

£. Scheme ; plan ; difpofition of parts or
caufes.

Uur bodies arc mad; according to the moft cu-
rious artifice, and orderly ccnirivance.

Glamiille't Sciffs.

3. A conceit ; a plot ; an artifice.

Have 1 not niaiiag*d my contrivance well.
To try your love^ and make you doubt of mine ?

Drydcn.
There might be a feint, a conirivuncc in the
matter, to draw him into fame fecrct ambulh.

jiticrhry.

Ta CONTRI'VE. -J. a. [controuver, Fr.]

I. To plan out ; to excogitate.

One that flept In the cantiivUg luft, and waked
to do it. Siakfjfiarc'i King LiJr.

What more Ukdy to coniri-at this admirable
fame of the univcrte than iniinite wiidom i

TilUtfon.

Our poft has always fome beautiful defign,

vhich he 5rfl riUbliihet, and then coturivet the

means which will naturally conduct him to Iris end.

VryJen.

Z. To wear away. Out of ufe,

I'iirce ages, fuch as mortal men cDntrive,

Fairy S^un.
Pleafe ye, we may untrivc this afternoon.
And quaff caroufes to our miHrcfs' hcaltli. Sbtil.
To CoNTRi'vE. 1;. ti. To form or defign;
to plan ; to fcherae ; to com plot.

Is it enough
That nufting habits, and a tnrrow'd name.
Contrive to hide my plenitude of fhame ? Prior.

CoNTRi'vEMENT. ». /. [from contri've.\

, Invention. Dia.

Go N T R. I'v £ K . n. /. [ from co>itri've.'\ An

jnventer ; one that plans a defign ; a

fchemer.

1 , the miftrefs of your charms.
The clofe contriver of all harms.
Wis never cnll'd to bear my part. Shai. Macbeth.
£petts, who the fraud's antri-vcr was. Denham.
Plain loyalty, not built on hope,
J leave to your contriver. Pope :
None loves his king and country better.
Yet none was ever lefs their debtor. Siii/t.

Scenes of blood and dcfolatiun, I had painted
as the common eft'cfts of thofe dcftruftive ma-
chines; wheieof, hefaid, fome evil genius, enemy
to mankind, mull have been the firit contriver.

Siuift^s GtJliver's Travels.

CONTRO'L. n.f. {controh, that is, coittre

role, French.]
1. A regifter or account kept by another

officer, that each may be examined by

the other.
Sp Check ; reftraint. \

Let parti >< fpirits flill aloud complain,
Think themlclves injur'd that they cannot tcign ;
And own no liberty, but where they may,
V/itUout mMrcl, upon their fellows prey. WalUr.

He fhall feel a force upon himfelf from within,
and from the control of hit own principles, to engage
jiim to do worthily. South,

If the fiuncr fhall win fo complete a viftory over
liii confcience, that all thsfc conliderations (hall be
able to flrike no terrour into liis mind, lay no re-
ftrrtint upon his lufts, no control M^n his appetites,
Iw ii ccruinly Cou fuoog for the means of grac;.
Sntb'i Stniini.

CON

- Sptak, what Phoebus has infpir'd thy foul
For comait)n good, znd fpcak without control.

Ihjilen'i Homer,

3. Power ; authority ; fuperintendence.

The beads, the filhes, and the winged fowls,
Are their males' fubjefts, and at their controh,

Shaktjpeare,

To Contro'l. "u. a. [from the noun.]

1. To keep under check by a counter
reckoning.

2. To govern ; to reftrain ; to fubjeft.

Authority to convent, to toxtrol, to punifli, as
far as with excommutiication, whomfoever they
think worthy. Hooter.

Give me a ftaff of honour for mine age ;
But not a fccpcre to ctnirst the world.

Shaktjfeare'i Titut ^ndronicus.

Who (hall control me for my works ? Eccl. v. 3.

I feel my virtue llruggling in my foul ;
But ftronger paifion does its pow'r control.

Drydin's Aurengxche,

With this be did a herd of goats control.
Which by tlic way he met, and flily dole ;
Clad like a country fwain he pip'd and fung,
And playing drove his jolly troop along. Dryien.

O, dearelV Andrew, fays the humbU droll.
Henceforth may I obey, and thou control. Prior,

.3 . To overpower ; to confute : as, he con-
trolled all the evidence of his ad'verjary.

As for the time while he was in the Tower,
and the manner of his brother's death, and his own
efcape, ftie knew thy were things that a very few
could control. Bacon'i Henry VII.

Contro'llable. ttdj, [from control. 1
Subjeft to control ; liibjeft to command ;
fubjcft to be over-ruled.

Paflion is the drunkenncfs of the mind, and
therefore, in its prefent workings, not contnllahk
by rcafon. South,

Contro'ller. n,/, [from control.] One
that has the power of governing or re-
Itrairiing ; a fuperintendent.

He does not calm his contumelious fpirit.
Nor ceafc to be an arrogant controller.

Sbakefpcare^s Henry VI.
The great nntroUer of our fate
Dcign'd to be man, and liv'd in low eltate. Dryd.

CoNTRo'LLERSHip.w.y^ [from Controller,]

The office of a controller.
Contro'lment. n.f. [from control.]

1 . 'I'he power or aft of fuperintending or
reftraining.

2. The ftate of being reftrained ; reftraint.

They made war and peace with one another,
without controtment. Vavies on Ireland.

3. Oppofition; confutation.

Were it rcal'on that we fliould fuft'er the fame
to pafs without nntrolmint, in that current mean-
ing, whereby every whf.re it prevailcth. Hooker.

4. Refiftance ; hoftility.

Here have we war for war, and blood for blood,
Coiitrolmcnf for controlment. Shukejp. King "John.
Controve'rsi AL. adj. [from cotttro'ver-
fy.] Relating to difputes ; difputatious.

It happens in ccntrovcijial difcourfes" as it docs
in the all'aulting of towns, where, if the ground
be. but firm whereon the batteries are erefted, there
is no farther ciiqulry whom it belongs to, fj it
affords but a fit rife for the prefent purpofc. Locke.
Co'ntroversy. 11,/. [confrover/ia, Lat.]
1. Difputc; debate; agitation of contrary
opinions : a dii'pute is commonly oral,
and a controver/y in writing.

How Cometh it to pafs that we are fo rent with
mutual contentions, and that the church is fo
much troubled ? If men had been willing to learn,
all thcfe comrovrrjiei might have died the very day
they were firft brought forth. Hooker,

Without ccnirovirjy great is th: myflcry of god-
liocfs. I Timothy,

CON

Wild OHfretrofy then, which long hid flept,
Into the prefs from ruin'd cloifters leapt. Denhatn.

This left no room for controvert about the titl#,
nor for encroachment on the right of others. Locltct

2. A fuit in law.

If there be a coniroverjy between men, and they
come unto juflgmcnr, that the judges may judge
them, then they fhall juftify the righteous and con-
demn the wicked. Deuteronomy, XXY. I,

3. A quarrel.

The Lord hath a coiitrcverjy with the nations.

Jer. XIV. jr.

4. Oppofition; enmity. This is an un-
ufual fenfe.

The torrent roar'd, and we did buffet It
With lufty linews j throwing it afide.
And ilemming it with hearts of contrcverjy.

Shakefpeare'i Juliui Ctfar,

To CO'NTROVERT. -v. a. [contro-veno,
Lat.] To debate ; to ventilate in oppo-
fite books ; to difpute any thing in writ-
ing.

If any perfon (hall think (it to controvert them,
he may do it very fafcly for me.

Cbeyne's P hihhfticat Principles,

Hooker kems to ufe the word contm-
'verfe, if it be not an erratum.

Perfuafion ought to be fully fettled in men's
hearts, that, in litigations and controverfed caafej
of fuch quality, the will of God is to have them to
do whatfocver the fenunce of judicial and final dc-
cifion (hall determine. Hooker.

Controve'rtible. adj. [from contro-
i/ert.] Difputable; that may be the
caufe of controverfy.

Difcourfing on matters dubious, and many cm.
trovertiile truths, we cannot without arrogancy
intreat a credulity, or implore any farther atTcnt
than the probability of our rcafons and verity of
our experiments. Brown's Vulgar £rrors.

Controve'rtist. w. /. [from contrc-
njert.] Difputant ; a man verfed or en«
gaged in literary wars or difputations.

Who can think himfelf fj coniiderahle as not
to dj-cad this mighty man of dcmonftration, this
prince o( eoniro-veriijis, this great lord and poiiiiiror
of firft principles ? Tilktfon.

Contuma'cious. adj. \^cont untax, halia,]
OblUnate ; perverfe ; ftubborn ; inflexi-
ble.

He is in lavf faid to be a contumacious perlbn,
who, on his appearance afterwards, departs tho
court without leave. yl/!iffe's I'arerron.

There is another very efficacious method for tub-
duing the moft obftinate ccntumacious fmner, and
bringing him into ttie obedience of the faith of
Ohrift. Hammond's Fundamentals,

Contuma'ciouslv. adv, [[rom contuma-
cious,] Obrtinatcly; ftubbornly ; inflexi-
bly ; perverfely.

CoNTU M a'ciousness. It./, [ftom Contu-
macious.] ObiHnacy ; pcrverfenefs ; in-
flexibility ; ftubbornnefs.

From the dcfcription I have given of it, a judg-
ment may be given of the difticultj and contuma-
cioujntjs of cure. IViJeman.

CO'NTUMACY. n.f. [from conttMacia,
Latin.]

1. Obftinacy; pcrverfenefs; ftubbornnefs;
inflexibility.

Such aSs
Of contumacy will provoke the hlgheft-
To make death in us live. Milion't Paradife LtJI.

2. [In law.] A wilful contempt and dif-
obedience to any lawful fummons or ju-
dicial order. Ayhjfl's Parergon.

Thcfe certificates do only, in the generality,
mention the party's contumacies and difobedience.
jiyliffcs Partrgon.
CONXU-

C ON

Coktumb'liovs. adj. [contumtlie/us, La-
tin.]

1. Reproachful; rude; farcalHck ; con-
temptuous.

Wiih fcofft and fcorns, and ctntumilkus taunts,
In open market-place pro4uc'd they me
To be a publick fpeaaclc. Sliakefji. liatry VI.

In all the quarrels and tumults at Rome, though
the people frequently proceeded to rude ccmumiHom
language, yet no blood was ever drawn in any po-
pular commotions, till the tim? of the Gracchi.
T !• ^ Swift.

2. Inclined to utter reproach or praitjfe
infolts ; brutal ; rude.

There is yet another fort o( covtumeRaut perfons,
who indeed are not chargeable with that circum-
ftince of iU employing their wit; for they ufc
none of i t, Govirr.mer,'. cf tht Tongite ,

Giving our holy virgins to the ftain
Of iontame/ious, beaftly, madbrain'd war.

Sbakijpcarc's Timnt.

3. Produftive of reproach ; fhamefiil ; ig-
nominious.

A% It is in the hijheft degree Injurious t« them,
(o it is coniamtir.us to hire. Decjy of Piery.

Contume'liously. adv. [from contu-
melious.] Reproachfiilly ; contemptuouf-
ly ; rudely.

The people are not wont to. taju^fo great of-
fence, when they are excluded from, honours and
o^ces, as when their peribos ate. ciiiuumtlkujly
trodden upon. U^olur,

Fie, lords! that you, being fupreme magiftratcs.
Thus contumiriiufiy fliould brcjk the peace.

^ Sbakrfftar/'i Himy Vf.

Coktume'liousnkss. «./ [{rom. contu-
melious.'] Rudenefs ; reproach.
CP'NTUi\IELy. «./ [con,u,nelia.Lvit.]
- Rudenefs; contemptuoulnefs; bitternefs
of language ; reproach.

If the helm of chief government be in the hands
of a few of the wealthieft, then laws, providing
for continuance thereof, muft make the puniiTi-
mcnt o( amumtly and wrong, offered unto any of
the common fort, Aarp and grievous, that fo the
evil niay be prevented. Hooktr.

Th' opprelfor's wrong, the proud man's cin-
tumely^
The pang ot defpij'd love, the law's delay.

Shttiejfearc't Hamht.

It was undervalued and deprelfed with fome

bltterncfa and contumely. Clarendon.

Why Ihould any man be troubled at the con.

tum-rm of thofe, whofc judgment defervcs not to

'**"'"'=•',■ , rUkfov.

tternal nniumily attend that guilty title, which
claims exemption from thought, and arrogates to
Its wearers the premgative of brutes.
rr- ^^%.rr^.-„ ~ Addifon'% Guard'iav.

7i CONTLTSE. -v. a. [contufu,, Latin.]

1. To beat togetlier ; to bruife.

Of their roots, barks, and feeds, coniuftd toge-
ther, and mingled with otjier earth, and well wj.
tcred with warm water, there came tbrth herb-
4 much like the other. B.ian.

2. To bruife the fle(h without a breach of
the continuity.

The ligature «n/a/« the. lip«. in cutting thrni,
fo that they require to be digcftcd before tiie-* can
unite. Mr,'

CONTU siON, ». f [froin conlujio.]

1. The aft of beating or bruiflng.

2. The ftate of being beaten or bruifcd.
_ Take a piece of glif,, ..nd reduce it t« p.^wdcr.
It acquiring by «««>«•= multitude of minute
furfaces, from a diaphanous, degenerates ir.to a
white body, /?,,/, r 1

3. A brmle ; a compreflion of the fibres,
diftinguilhed from a wound.

Tliat winter lion, who In raj(e forgets
>iged amufmi, and all bruife cf time.

Sbahffwi'i Utiirj VI,

The bonei, in (harp colds, wm btiftfc ; ait* all
carJu/hm, in hard weather, are more hard to cure.

Bacor,
Cotiv.Mc'scENCE. lit./, [from con-va-
ConVale'scency. J /^o, Latin.] Re-
newal of health ; recovery from a dif-
eafe.

Being in a place out of the re.ich of any alarm,
fl>e recovered her fpirits to a reafonable convaitf-
ccncc. Claraidon.

CONVALE'SCBNT. adj. [cott^alefcens ,
Latin.] Recovering ; returnii.g co a
ftate of health.

Conve'n.\bl.e. adj. [corfjenable, Fr.]

1 . Confillent witli ; agreeable to ; accord-
ant to. Not now in ufe.

He is fo meek, wife, and mcrciable.
And with his word his work is comienabk,

Sfaifcr's Pujkreh,

2. That may be convened.

To CONV'E'NE. 'V. ti. [cotfvettio, Latin.]

1. To come together; to affociate ; to
unite.

The 6re feparatcfi tlie aquegua parts from tlie
others, wherewith they were blended in the con-
crete, and brings them into the receiver, wliere
they convene into a liquor. Boyje.

In ihort-fighted men, whofe eyes are too plump,
the refraaian being too great, the rays converge
ami ccnicne in the eyes, before they come at the
•""torn. Newton's Opt-cks.

2. To affemble for any publick purpofe.

There are fettled periods of their coni:emn^, or a
liberty left to the prince for convoking the iegif-
lature. ^ if,,ke.

To Conve'ne. f. a.

1 . To call together ; to affemble ; to con-
voke.

No man was better pleafed with thf comenhg of
this parliament than myfelf. Kkg Cbarhs.

All the fiaious and fthifmatical people would
frequently, as well in the night as the day, (in-vinc
themfclves by the found of a bell. Clarendon.

And now th' almighty father of the gods
Coavtna a council in the bleft abodes.

Pope''} Stal'ws.

2. To fummon judicially.

By the papal canon law, clerks, in criminal and
civil caufes, cannot be convened before any but an
ecclefiaftical judge. .^y/iffi

Co N V e'n I E N c E . 7 «. / [cottvttiietitia, La-
Conve'niency. J tin.]

1. Fiinefs ; propriety.
a«Tf»ifBcj. is, whi n a thing or aflion i? fo fitted

to the circuml>anccT, .md the circumiljnccs to it,
that thereby it becomes a tiling convenient.
, ^. Pc-kw:

Inthings not commanded of God, yet lawful,
becaufe permitted, the queliion i-, wh.it light Hall
rtiew us the conwmncy which one hath al.ove an-
°*"-' . licokic.

2. Commodioufnefs ; eafe ; freedom from
difficulties.

A;man putting all his pleafurej intoone, is like

a tra«BllM-b putting all i,is goods into one jewel •

the value IS the fame, and the ic»^Y»;.«r greater.

Smth^t Sermans.

Every maq m.oll want fimifthing for the conve-

niencj, of his 1.1c, for which he mull be oblircd to

. "'•crs.. CiWj-.iV, ,;.,,.

. there is another convinUnce in this method,

'. during your waiting.

Stmft's DirccJiofi ti the ro-Amjn.

3. Caufeofeafe; accommodation.

It It have nor fuch a convcmcnct, voyages mud be

, very uncomfortable. mtkinsU MMhtm. Magkh.

A man alreis his mind as the work proceed;,

and will have this or th.it conTtniencc more, of

■ which he had not thought when he began.

Drsdrn'i Fjtki, Preface.
There wm a fair of fp':4U<Kii; a pvekct ifct-

C O N

(>e{Hre,, and (everal other little cmvenkndes, Pi!4;
not think myfelf bouM i 11 honour to difcover.

Swft't Guliivcr'i TiiMvefs,

4. Fitnefs of time or place.

Ufc no farther means ;
But, with all brief and plain ccn'jcnkr.ry^
Let me have judgment. Siektjp. Merxh. ofVenUc„

CONVE'NIENT. adj. [co,fvenie„s, Lat.]'
1. Fit; fuitable; proper; well adapted';
commodious.

The. leaft and moft trivial epifodes, or under
aftions,. are either necqiiary or cotm-niert- ; either
fo necelTary, that without them the poem muft be
|mpert«ft; or fo convement, that no others can be
imagined more fuitable to the place in which- tlicy
"■"• _ _ _ Drydens Dedication to the Aiveid,

Health itfelf is but a kind of temper, gotten .ind

preferycd by a convenient mixture of contrarieties.

J^rbutinol on AHments,

2. It has either U or for before the follow-
ing noun : perhaps it ought generally
to have /ar before perfons, and to before
things.

Give me neiriier poverty nor riches, feed me

with food convenient for me. Prov, xxx. 8«

_ There are fome arts that are peculiarly conve.

nier.t to fome particiil.ir nations. lilktfm.

CoNVE'.MENTLv.art'i/. [from coiKvenieat.]

1. Commodioufly ; without difficulty.

I this morning know
Where ws Ihall find him moft conveniently-..

Shakefpeare's Hamlet,

2. Fitly; with proper adaptation of part
to part, or of the wliole to the effedl
propofed.

It would be worth the experiment to enquire,
whether nr no a failing chariot might be more
conveniently framed with moveable fails, whofe
force may be imprelTed from their motion, equi.
valcnt to thofe in a wind-millt IVilkins,

CO'NVENT. tt.f. [conventus, Latin.]

1 . An ajlembly of religious perfons ; a«
body of monks or nuns.

He came to Leiceftcr ;
Lodg'J in the abbcj-, where the reverend nbbot.
With all his convent, honourably receiv'd him.

. . Shakc/pearet

2. A rehgidus houfe j an abbey ; a mo.,
nailery ; a nunnery.

One fcldom finds in Italy a fpot of ground more

agreeable than Ordinary, that is not coicrcd with

3 convent. ^ Aidjfin.

To Conve'wt. v. a. [co/fvoiio, Latin.]

To call before a judge or judicature.

He with his oath
By all probation will make up full clear.
Whenever he 's convened. Sl^ak. Mcaf. for Meaf.
They fent forth their precepts to attach men,
and convent them before thcmfelves at private
^onUs. Bacon's Henry VII.

Conve'nticle. n.f. [cotivetiticulutn, La-
tin.]

1 . An affembly ; a meeting.

They arc commanded to abilain from all csn-
■uentiehs of men whatfoever j even, out of the
church, to have nothing tvj do with publick bufi-
"''«• .e^yf.ffeS Parergon.

2. An affembly for worfhip. Generally
ufed in an ill fcnfe, including herefy or.
fchifni.

It behovcth, that the place where God (hall be
fcrvcd by the vvholc church be a publick place, for
the avirding of privy conveniieles, which, covered
with pretence of religion, may ferve unto danger-
ous praaices. Hooker.

Who, (arfrnm ftecplcs and their facrcd fiuiici.
In fields their fullen conventicles found. Dryder,

A fort of men, who are content to be ftiled of

the church of England, who perhaps attend it»

fen-ice in the morning, and go with tfldir wives

' t9 i Citiverdiik In the afteriiooiu Snvifr.

3 t' « $.' A

CON

3. A fecret affembly ; an affembly where
confpiracies arc formed.

Ay, all of you have laid your htads together
(Myfcir had notice of your emvtntkln)
And ill to make away my guiltlcfs liic.

Sbekcfptcri'i Henry VI.

1. An affembly, in contempt.

If he revoked this plea too, 'twas becaufe he

found the expeSed council was dwindling into a

anventicte, a packed iflTembly of Italian bifliops;

not a free convention qf fathen from all quarters.

' jitlirhury.

Conve'nticler. a./ [from ccHventicle.]
One that fupports or frequents private
and unlawful affemblies.

Another crop is too like to follow 5 nay, I fear,
it is unavoidable, if the carvtnticleri' \x. pe- mittrd
ftiU to fcatter. DryJn.

Conve'ntion. n.f. [con<ventio, Latin.]

1. The aft of coming together; union;
coalition ; juntHon.

They are to be reckoned amongll the moft ge-
neral atfeftions of the tcnvenihm, or alTociations,
of fcveral particles of matter iflto bodies of a.^y
cettam denomination. Meyit.

2. An affemblyt I

Publick utK.tr.li<m> are liable to ill the infirmi-
ties, follies, a:iJ vices of private men. Syj'ift.

3. A contraft ; an agreement for a time,
previous to a definitive treaty.

Conve'ntional. adj. [from coawnlien.]
Stipulated ; agreed on by compaft.

Ccnviniknal fcrvices refcrved by tenures upon

grants, made out of the crown or knights fcrvke.

Halt I Common Law,

Conve'ntion ART. oJJ. [from con'ven-
//'«».] Afting upon contraft; fettled
by ftipulations.

The ordinary covenants of moft nnvenlKnaiy
tenants are, to pay due capon and due harycll
journeys. ' Carnvi Survey.

Conve'ntu AL. aefj. [con-ventutl, French.]
Belonging to a convent ; monaftick.

Thofe are called cemvenlual priors, that have the
chiisf ruling power over a monaftery.

Ayltff^i Parergon.

CoNVE'NTWAt. n, /. [from coei'tttt.} A
monk i a nun ; one that lives in a con-
vent.

1 hjve read a fermon of a ccr.vivtni'l, who laid
It down, that Adam could not laugh before the
fa!;. yfddijor'i Sfedatir.

To CONVETIGF.. -v. n. {con'vergo, Lat.]
To tend to one point from different
places.

Where the rays from all the paints of any ob-
jedt meet sgain, after they have been made to
tin-verge by reflexion or reftaftion, there they will
make * pidure of the objcd upon a white body.
Newton's Oftitki.
Enfwcepirig fiift
The lower (Vies, they all at once etinvrrge
High to the c.-own of heaven. Thurfon's Autumn.

Conve'rgbnt. 7 "^^ [ from converge. ]

Convk'rcjnc, J Tending to one point
from different pares.

CoNTERCi HO 5fr/>/. See Series.

Cohve'rsable. adj. [from cort-verfe. It
is fometimes written con-vcrjible, but im-
properly ; converfant , ton-uerfation, con-
ti^ffMt.^ Qualified for converfation ;
fit for company ; well adapted to the
reciprocal communication of thoughts ;
communicative.

That fire and levity which makes the young
ftarce convtrfibU, when tempered by years, m.ikes
a ga] uW age. Md^fm.

CON

Conve'rsablsness. «./. [from «ni/«--
fablt.'] The quality of being a pleafing
companion ; fluency of talk.

Conve'rsabiy. ad-v. [from CBH-ver/aUe.]
In a converfable manner ; with the
qualities of a pleafing communicative
companion.

Conve'rsant. adj. [eenver/ant, French.]

1. Acquainted with ; having a knowledge
of any thing acquired by familiarity and
habitude ; familiar : with in.

The learning and ncill which he had by being
fofwrrjinr /» their books. Hozker.

Let them make fome towns near to the moun-
tain's fide, where they may dwell together with
neighbours, and b« cifirverfant in the view of the
world. Spenjer's State of Jre/arJ,

Thofe who are eenverfant in both the tongues,
I leave to make their own judgment of it.

Dryderti Dufrefnoy.

He ufes the different dialefts as one who had
been ccnverjant with them all.

Pofe's EJjay on Ho-ntr.

2. Having intercourfe with any; acquaint-
ed ; familiar by cohabitation or fellow-
fliip ; cohabiting : with among or ivith.

All that Mofcs commanded, Jofhua read before
all the congregation of Ifrael, with the women,
and the little ones, and the ftrangers that were
nnverfant anting them, yoj. vlii. 35.

Never to be infeftcd with delight.
Nor converfant tvitl eafe and idleness.

Sbakefl>eare's King ychn.

Old men who have loved young company, and
been ccnverjant continually ivitb them, have been
of long life. Baton.

Gabriel, this day by proof thou flialt behold,
Thou, and all angels ecntierfant on earth
With man, or men's affairs, how I begin
To verify that folemn mefl'age. Mili.n's Par, Reg.

To fuch a o;ie, an ordinary coffeehoufc gleaner
of the city is an arrant ftatcfman, anl as much
fuperi^ur too, fis a man -oimerfant about Whitehall
and the court is to an ordinary ihopkeepcr. Locke.

3. Relating to ; having for its obieft ;
concerning : with about, formerly tn.

The matters wherein church polity is con<verJant,
arc the publick religious duties of the church.

Hoiker.
If any think education, becaufe it is tontjerf^nt
about children, to be but a private and domellick
duty, he has been ignorantly bred bimfelf.

H^otton on EJueaticn,
Difcretion, cnnfidered .both as an accompliih-
menr and as a virtue, not only as eonverfan> ahut
worldly affairs, but as regarding our whole ex-
iftcnce. Addifon's Sfeflalcr.

Indifference cannot but be criminal, when it is
converfant about objects which are fo far from be-
ing of an indifferent nature, that they are of the
higheft imporcance to ourfelves and our country.
Addifons Freeholder.
Conversa'tion. n.f. [co'fver/atio, Lat.]

1. Familiar difcourfe ; chat; eafy talk:
oppofed to a formal conference.

She went to I'amcla's chamber, meaning to joy
her thoughts with the fwcet tonverjation of her
filler. • Sidney.

What I mentioned fome time ago in anverja-
ficir, was not a new thought, juft then ftartrd by
accident or occalion. Sivift.

2. A particular aft of difcourfing upon
any fubjeft ; as, tvs bad a long converfa-
tion on that quefi'ton.

3. Commerce; intercourfe; familiarity.

The knowle tge of men and manners, the free-
drm of habitudes, and tonverjation with the b:ll
company. Dryden.

His appirent, open guilt ;
I mc^n his (tnverjiititn with Shore's wife.

Stak'ffcart't Ricla/d IJI.

CON

4. Behaviour ; manner of afting in com' '
mon life. <

Having yoar tntverjalicn honeft among the Gen-
tile». I Peter. '

5. Fraftical habits; knowledge by long
acquaintance.

1 fet down, out of long experience is bufinefs
and much converfation in books, what J thought
pertinent to this bulinefs. Baeort.

By experience and converfation with thefe bodies,
a man may be enabled to give a near conjedure at
the metallic ingredients of any mafs. K^codviard.

Conve'rststivb. adji [from conrjcrfe.'] .
Relating to publick life, and commerce
with men ; not contemplative.

Finding him little iludious and contemplative,
Ihe chofe to endue him with convtrfative qualities
of youth. ffotteiu

To CONVE'RSE. v. n. [con'vir/er, Fr.

con<verfor, Lat.]
i. To cohabit with; to hold intercourfe

with ; to be a companion to : followed

by ttrith.

By approving the fentiments of a perfon luisb
whom he eonverfcd, in, fuch particulars as were juil»
he won him over from thofe points in which he
was miffaken. Addifon's Treeholdtr.

For him who lonely loves i

To feek .the diffant hills, and there converfe
}Viih nature. Tbcnfon's Summer.

2. To be acquainted with ; to be familiar
to aftion.

I will converfe •with iron-witted fools.
And unrefpcOivc boys : none are for me,
That look into me with confiderate cjes.

Shaiefyeari's Richard III.

Men then come to be furnifhed with fewer or
more fimple ideas from without, according as the
objetls they converfe •uiilb afford greater or lefs
variety. Locki,

3. To convey the thoughts reciprocally in
talk.

Go therefore half this day, as friend tviib friend,

Converfe •with Adam. Milton's Paradije Loft.

. Much lefs can bird tuitb bead, or fi(h voith fowl.

So well converfe. Milton's Paradil'e Loft.

4. To difcourfe familiarly upon, any fub-
jeft : with on before the thing.

We had eonverfed fo often on that fubjeft, and
he had commiinicated hi thoughts of it fo fully
to me, that I had not the leaft remaining difli.
culty. Dryden'i Dufrefnoy.

5. To have commerce with a different fex.

Being afked by fome of her fex, in how long a
time a woman might be allowed to pray to the
gods, after having convirfed ivitb a man ? If it
were a hufband, fays (he, the next day ; if a
(i ranger, never. Guaidicn.

Co'nverse. n. f. [from the verb. It is
fometimes accented on the firft fyllable,
fometimes on the laft. Pope has ufed
both : the firft is more analogical.]

1 . Converfation ; manner of difcourfing
in familiar life.

His converfe is a fyftem fit
Alone to HI! up all her wit. Sviift.

Gen'rous conxerfe, a foul exempt from pride.
And love to praife with rcafcn on his fide. Pope.

Form'd by thy converfe happily to (leer
From grave to gay, from lively to fevere. Pope,

2. Acquaintance ; cohabitation ; familia-
rity.

'rhough it be nece/Titated , by its relation to
flefb, to a terrcftrial converfe; yet it is, like the
fun, without contaminating its beams.

Gianville's Afol,
By fuch a free converfe with pcrfffTis of diffisrent
fcOs, we (ball find that there are perfons of good
fenle and viituSj perfons of piety and worth.

/#-'«« «» tie Mind.

3- [In

CON

3. [la geometry ; from ceKver/us.] A
propofition is iaid to be the cott-vtr/e of
another, when, after drawing a conclu-
f:on from fometh'ng firfl propofed, we
proceed to fuppofe what had been before
concluded, and to draw from it what
had been fuppofed. Thus, if two fides
of a triangle be equal, the angles op-
pofite to thofe fides are alfo equal : the
converfe of the propofition is, that if two
angles of a triangle be equal, the fides
oppofite to thofe angles are alfo equal.

. Chambtrs.

Conve'rsely. adn}. [ from ccn'-jtr/e.']
With change of order ; in a contrary
order ; reciprocally.

Conve'rsiOn. It./, [coniuer/io , Latin.]

1 . Change from one ftate into another ;
tranfmutacion.

Artificial fjTronyEwiof water into ice, is the work
of a tew hours ; and this of air inajr be tried by a
month's fpace. BiHon.

There are no fuch natural gradations, and an-
vtrfioni of one meul and mineral into another, in
the earth, as many hsv" fancied.

Woodtoard' > Katural Hijiory.

The csmierfan of the aliment into fat, is not
properly nutrition. Artuihnot on jilimmti,

2. Change from reprobation to grace,
from a bad to a holy life.

3. Change from one religjon to another.

They paflid through Pheuicc and Sa.-naria, de-
claring the cemicrfun of the Gentiles. Alix xv' <(..

4. The interchange of terms in an argu-
ment ; as, no virtue is -vice ; no -vice is
•virtue. Chambers.

5. Conversion of Equations, in algebra,
is the reducing of a frafUonal equation
into an integral one.

Conve'rsive. adj. [^(xQta <on'ver/t.'\ Gon-

verfable ; fociable.
?« CONVE'RT. -v. a. [lonwr/o, Latin.]

1 . To change into another fubllance ; to
tranfmute.

If the whoie atmofpbere wai tmvarted into wa-
terj It would malcf no more than eleven yards wa-
ter about the earth. Burnet.

2. To change from one religion to another.

Auguiiinc is cenvcriidby St. Ambrofe's fermon,
when he came to it on no fuch dcfien. IJammond.

3. To turn from a bad to a good life.

He which tcni^ertech the lioner from the errour
of his way, Ihall fave a foul from dnth, and Siall
hide a multirude of fins. Jumts, v. 20.

Then will 1 teach tranfgrefTnrs thy ways, and
Tinners ihall be convirttd unto thee. PJalm li. 13.

4. To turn towards any point.

Cryft.il will callify into electticity, and convert
the needle freely placed. Brnvn't Vulgar Erreuri.

5. To apply to any ufe ; to appropriate.

The abundance of the A-a thi'A be convened unto
cliee, the forces of the Gcaules Ihall come unto
thee. J/mah,lx. 5.

He acijuitted himfetf not Itlee an honefl man ;
for he Cfirverred the prizes to his own ule.

.4rburknct on C^'tm.

6. To change one proportion into another,
fo that what was the tubjcft of the ftrft
beiTomes the predicate of the fecond.

The papin-. cannot abide this propofition e$n-
nierted : all fin is i tranfgrclfi^n of the law; bui
«ery tranfgrcflion o( the law is fin. The ap'/rtl:
there 10 e lurnj it for us ; all ui li^hteoulntfs, fays
he, is fin ; bu' every tranrgrcflion of the U>v s
unrightcu^f^c^i, fiys Au^in, upftr. the place. Hj/,'.

yb Convb'rt. v. n. To undergo a
change ; to be tranfmoted.
2

C O 1^

The lore of wicked friends eonvtrtt to fear j
That fear, to bate. Staiefoeare' s Richard H.

They rub out of it a red dult which ccnvertnh
into worms, which they kill with wine.

Satidys's Tra-aels.

Co'nvert. n. / [from the verbi] A
perfon converted from one opinion or
one practice to another.

The Jefuits did not perfuade the converts to lay

afide the ufe of images. Stillingfett^s Defence

tf Dlj'cmirje on Rom. Idol.

When Platonifra prevailed, the ccrwerls t"
Chriftianit) of that fchool interpreted Holy Writ
according to that phiiof^phy. Lode.

Let U3 not imagine cliat the firft converts only of
Chriftianity were concerned to defend their reli-
gion. Ragtn.

Conve'rter. «./. [{torn convert. "] One

that makes converts.
Convertibi'lity. n. /. [from cortiier-

tib/e.] The quality of being poflible to

be converted.
Conve'rti BLE. aJ/. [fiom convert. "l

1. Sufceptible of change ; tranfniutable ;
capable of tranfmutation.

< Minerals are not convertible into another fpecies,
though of the fame genus j nor reducible into an-
other genus. Harvey.
The gall is' not an alkali j but it is alkalefcent,
conceptiblc and cotntrtitte into a corrofive alkali.
Arhatbnot on Aliments-

2. So much alike as that one may be ufed
for the other.

Though it be not the real effence of any fub-
ftance, it is the fpccifick eifence, to which our
name belongs, and is convertible with it. Locke.

Many, that call themfclves Proteilants, look
upon our worlhip to be idolatrous as well as that of
the P^piAs ; and put prelacy and popery together,
as terms convirtible, Hivift.

Conve'rtibly. adv. [ frotn convertible. ]
Reciprocally; with interchange of terms.

Theie never was any perfc;n ungrateful, who was
not alfo proud ; nor,, convrrtib/y, any one proud,
who was nut equally ungrateful, ^outh^i Hermons.

Co'nvertite. n. /. [converti, French."]
A convert; one converted from another
opinion. Not in ufe.

Since you arc a gentle convertite.
My tongue (hall hufli again this fturm of war.

tibakej'peare^s King yohr.

Nor would 1 be a convertite fu cold,

As not to tell it. Donne.

CO'NVEX. adj. [co»ve.vus, Latin.] Rifing

in a circular form ; oppofite to concave.

It is the duty of a painter, even in this altb, to
imitate the convex inirrour, and to place nothing
which glares at the border of his picture.

Dryden^i Dufrefncy.
An orb or ball round its own axis whirl j
Will not the motion t" a dlftince hurl
Whatever duft or fand you on it place,
And drops of water .V om its convex face }

Bluckmore on :be Creation.

Co'nvex. «■/. A convex body; a body
fwelling externally into a circular form.

A comet draws a long extended blaze ;
From eaft to weft burns thro' th' ethereal frame,
And half heav'n's convex glitters with the Aame.

Ticket.

CoiiVt'xf.O. farticif. adj. [from convex."]
Formed convex ; protuberant in a cir-
cular form.

Uolohins are ftratght; nor have they their fpin:
convexedf or more confiderably embowed 'han ei-
ther (harks, porpoifes, whales, or nthei cenc-ous
animals. Brvwn^i Vulgar Errouri.

Conve'xedly. adv. [from coavexed.] In
a coavex form.

CON

They be drawn convexcdly crooked in one piece f
yet thedolphin, that cairieih Arion, is concavoully
inverted, and bath its fpine depre(red.

Brotvn's Vulgar Errours.

Conve'xity. »./ [from convexi] Protu-
berance in a circular form.

Convex gl illcs f ipply the dcfefl: of plampnefs>
in the eye, and, by increafing the refraflion, make
the rays converge fooncr, fo as to convene dif-
tinftly at the bottom of the eye, if the glafs have '
a due degree of convexity. Newton i Ofticks^

If tlie eye were So piercing as to defcry even
opake and little objefls a hundred leagues o(F, ic
would do us little fervice ; it would be terminated"
by neighbouring hills and woods, or, in the largeft
and eveneft plain, by the very convexity of the
earth. Bentlcy.

Conve'xly. adv. [from convtx."] In a-
convex form.

Almoft all, both blunt and (harp, ixe-'convtxly ■
conical ; they are all along convex, not only/«r
amiituK, but between both ends. Crew's Mu/eeum.

Conve'xness. n.f. [frora convex."] Sphc--
roidical protuberance ; convexity.

Con VEXO-CON CAVE. ar^". Having thehol--
low on the infide correfponding to the
externa! protuberance.

Thefe are the phenomena of thick convexo-
concave plates of glafs which are every where Of ■ ,
the fame tliickncfs. Ne-wlon,

To CONVE'Y. V. a. [convebo, Latin.]

1. To carry ; to tranfport from one place
to another.

Let letters be given me to the governours be-
yond the river, that they may convey me over till
1 come into Judea. A'ri. ii. 7..

1 will convey them by fea, in floats, unto the
place thou (halt appoint me. 1 Kings, V. 9.

2. To hand from one to another.

A divine natural right could not be com'ryed
down, without any plain, natural, or divine rule •
concerning it. Lake.

3. To remove fecretly.

There was one conveyed out of my houfe yefter-
day in this balket. Shak. Merry fVivisoffVindfcr.

4. To bring any thing, as an inllrument
of tranfmiflion ; to tranfmit.

Since there appears not to be any ideas in the
mind, before the fenfes have conveyed any in, I
conceive that ideas in the underftanding are coeval
with frnfation. Lode,

5. To transfer ; to deliver to another.

The ear! of Dcfmond, before his breaking forth .
, into rebellion, conveyed fecretly all his lands to
feoffees in truft, Sf infer.

Adam's property or private dominion could not
conviy any fovereignty or rule to his heir, who, not
having a right to Inherit all his father's polTelTiens,
could not thereby come to have any fovereignty
over his brethren. _ Locke.

6. To impart, by means of fomething.

Men fill ■ e another's heads with nolle and
founds, but eotniey not thereby their thoughts.

Locke.

That which ufes to produce the idea, though
conveyed in by the ufual irgan, not being taken
notice of, there follows 10 lenfation. Locke.

Some finglc imperceptible bodies muft come
from them to the eyes, and thereby convey to the
brain foroe motion which produces thofe ideas.

Locke.

They give energy to our expreflfions, ar.d convey
our thoughts in more ardent anl mtenll phrafes»
than anv in our own tongui. j-lddifon s SfeiiatoT'^

7. To impart ; to introduce.

What obfcured light the 1;.. ,v'ns did grant.
Did but convey unt'i lur fearful m'l ds
A doubtful warrant or immediate death.

Shaktfpeare' s Comedy of Errours.

Others convey theinfelvcs iow the mind by more
fenfc! than one. LiKke.

8. Tq

ro N.

|. To manage with privacy.

I will cMviy the bulirwfs as I fhall find m«Jns,
«nd acq^iaint you Vitlui. Shaitjpcfn's King Liar.

Hugli Capst .ilfo, who ufurp'd the crown,
To line hij ti:^c with fome jhcws of truth,
Ckutfjiihimfflf as htir to tk"iiidy'L-.ngarc.

Shatt^f>tpri.

Comve'vance. n. /. [hem convey.^

1 , The aft of removing any thing.

Tell her, thou m.id'A away her uncle Clarence,
Her urde Rivers ; *ay, and for her fake,
Mad'ft quick iwug'ano'wfth her good aunt Ann.
Sbakeffmrc's RUlard III.

2. Way for carriage or tranfportation.

Following the river downward, there is convy-
ttice into the countries named in the text.

Ra.'/igti's H:J!cry of lie fTorlii.

Ifon works, ought to beconlined to places where
tkefe is nof«*w>>M;irt for timbet^o plaics Of vent,
fo 3i to quit the co!l of ihc carriage; ■ ' Tevlflc.

f. The method of removing fecretly from
' one place to another.

Ynur hulbin'd 's hare at hand ; bethink you of
fomc omefohcc : in the houle you cahnot hide
him. Shii.^<.//>iai\.

4. The meaiDS 0/ inftrument hy which any
thing is co.oyeyed.

We po.u upori the morning, are unapt
To give or to furjivo ; tut when wc 've ftufTd
Thcfc pipes, and thefc cumiejance! of blood,
With wine and feeding, we have lupplcr fouls.

Stahfftari's Corhlanus.

Hbw fuch » variety of motioos fliould be n-gu-
larlj coiiduC^;d, in fuch a %yild(;rnefs of pillages
and dillinft avcnuC5, by mere impellents and ma-
terial ^Ttvtjenceitl have not the lead Conjeflurc.
' •" ' "'■ ■ ^ " ■ ""■■ " ■ G/an.San.Vog.

5. Tranfmiffion ; delivery from one to
another.

Our author has provided for the defccnding and
cmvcyanci down of Adam's monarchical povvei-, or
paternal dominion, to pofterity. L^ckc.

6. Ad of transferring property ; grant.

Uoth not the afl of the parents, in any lawful
grant or ccnviyancff bind their heirs for ever thcre-
\,nto? Spenffr on JrchnJ.

7. Writing by which property is tranf-
ferred.

The very (ettviyancei of Jiis lands will hardly
Jie in tliis bo«; and muft the inheritor himfe:f
have no more ? ' Sbahfpure^ t HamJa.

This b^^ot a fuit in the Chancery before tlic lord
Coventry, who found the convtyamcs in law to be
fo ntm, that in juftice he mijll dQctee the land to
the carl. Cltrimlor.

8. Secret management; juggling artifice ;
private removal ; fecfet lubjTUtutjpn pf
one thing for another.

It coaicih herein to pal's wltli men, unadvifedly
fallen into error, as wiih them whofe ftatc hath nu
ground to uphold it, but only the help which, bj
I'ubtile (jrnvjencr^ they draw out of cafual events,
ariung from dly 10 day, till at length they be dean
Ipcnt. Huikir.

Clofe cenveya'ce, and each.pra^ice ill
Of collnage and knave y. Sfin/ir's JIuh, Talc.

I am this day come to furvey the Tower;
Since Hcnrj'j death, I fear, there is ectn/iyance^
Sbakijpure't Henry VJ.
Can they not juggle, and with llight
C'Mvejance play with wrong and right ? Hvd'ibms.
Conve'vancer. n.f, \i'K)mconveyance.'\
A lawyer who draws writings by which
^property is transferred.
Conve'yf.r. ti. /. [from cm'vey.'] One
who carries or tranfmlts any thing from
one place or perfon to another.

The cimeytrs uf waters of thcle times conjtent
themulves with one inch of fall in fix hundred
je';r, ' Sren^ti'soit on Ztar.guttgeu

'I'hofe who ftand before earthly princes, in the
Kuclt degree ot apprvacb, wIm uc the difpcufcrs

«0. N'

of t,b»ir faKOjjrt, and ctnvrftn of tWr will, to
otiierj, do, on that very account, chaJl(U>gs I4^h
honours lo thcmfelvcs. Atlcrbury^

To CONVrCT. nj. a, [(BTPvittca, Latin.]

1. To prove guilty ; to deteft in guilt.

And they whicE heand it, being ami-ffid by
their own coiil'cicnce, went out one by ono.

J'tH, viii. 9.

ThingSj that at the firft rticw fecrocd ppfilble,
by rifplng up the performance of thenj, have bsfn
cmviiiij of impojfibility. Ji.rccii'i W,'y War.

2. To confute; to difcover to be falfe.

Although not only the realon of any head, but
experience of every hand, may w^ll ttnvilt it, yet
will it not by dlv.-r be rqe^d. Brctvn'i VulgiEj-r.

3. To fhew by j^roof or evidence.

If there be iim luchrjiiijg apparent upon record,
they ijo As ifonc lAould demand a legacy b; virtue
of fomc written tell.iment, wherein there biang no
fuch'thing fpecilied, he plcaJcth tjiat there it mufi
needs be, and bringeth arguments from the lovi
which altvays the reftator tore hinv ; imagining
that thefe proofs will cmtuct a teftameVit to have
that in it, wliidl other men caii no where by read-
lijg'iiad. ' , " ' ■ litakcr.

CoNvi'cT. aefj. [rather the parti cipli oi
the verb. } Convided ; detefted in
guilt.

Before I be cenvifi by courfe of law,
To threaten me with death, is mod unlawful.

!iLiikiJi:eare''iRuhjrd\\\.
'By the civil law, a perfon camnB, of conft/Ting
his own crime, cannot appeal. Ayliffe's Parerz'r.^
Ccnvici a papill he, and 1 a pocri

Popci Efiijl. of Horticc.

Co'nvict. «./. [from thp verb.] A ppr-
fon call at the bar ; one found guilty ot
the crime charged againil him ; a cri-
minal detefted at his .trial.

On the fcorc of humanity, the civil law allows

, a certain fpace of time both to the convjH and to

perfnns confclTing, in ofdcr to fatisfy th' j*V\s-

rnent. yij/ijf<;'s Panrgan.

CoNvi'cTiON. u. f. [from conviil,]

I. Deteiilion of guilt, which is, in law,

either when a man is outlawed, or np-

pears and confefles, or elfe is found

guilty by the inquelh Cowell.

The third bell abfent Iscondemn'd,

I Canvift by Hlght, and rebel to all law ; .

1 CoirviSkn to the ferpent none belongs.

\ " ' Mi/m's Paradife LJI.

<z. The aft of convincing ; confutation ;
the nfl of forcing others, by argument,
to allow a pofition.

■V/hen therefore the apoftle requiretl) habijity
to convia hereticks, can wc think he judgeth ita
thing unlawful, a:id not ratlier needful, to ufe the
principal_in(lrumei)t o(, lUw niiviii'ioa, the light of
rcafon » Hwka.

j The manner of his c^nyiUm was defigncd, not
as a peculiar privilege to Jiirij, but as a llajidjiig

! miracle, a lifting argument tor the rciroifl/on ol
others, to the very end of the World. An(rbury.

3. State of being convinced.

Their wifdom is only of this world, to put
falfe colours upon things, M call good evil, anJ
evil good, againft the anvicfhn ot their own con-
fcienccs. ■ . * ' Swift.

CoNVi'cTiVE. rt/^'. [from fa«x'/<?.] Hav-
ing the power of convincing.
To CONVrNCE. 1'. a. [convinco. La;.]
I. To force any one to acknowledge a
contellqd pofition.

Tiiat whichJ have all thia while been endea-
vouring to ii,r.iince men ir", and to pcrfuaJe thera
to, is no other but what God himlclf doth parti-
cularly rccomrticnd to us, as proper for human
conljderjtion. Tilkifin.

CON

^ut, having fliifted ev'ry form to 'ftape,
C»((«/(«'</ of copqueft, he lefum'd hia fliape,

Qrj/den't fufH.

HJIory is all the light vft have i^ many c^fes 5
and vie receive from it a great part of the il'ful
truths we have, with a erinvinihg endenc(^ Liktr
, Toconvitl; to prove guilty of. '

To coji/iii-c all that are ungodly anotang them,
of all tluit ungodly dec^is, J*dt, 15.

The difeovery of a truth, formerly, uolsnoivn,
doth rather ic/wwcf man of ignordn«e, than t)ature
oferrour. Hitkigh,

Q fcek not to citminu me of a crimt,
WJ>i^ \ «n v.V .repeat, noi can you. pardon. •

D'r^dlK.

. To envince ; to prove ; to inanil«lt ij
to vindicate. Npt in i^fe.

Your 1 taU contains nonQ (i> acconjplillv^d .a cour'a

tier, to i6in,(n.-f the honour of my mlftret. ,

Sbakcjpirare's Cymltctine^

Thislftterjiipftsid.of a con&itacion, only urgethi

mc to prove divers paflagcs of my fermpn, which

^ M. Cheynci's p.irt was to f£;;w;n«. Dr.Hfa'rr.

;4. To overpower j to furpiouat. This
fenfe is now obfolete.

There are a crew of wretched fouls
That (lay his cure; their malady cannimtt
The great elVay of art. itbaicjfeare'i Maditt.

Knaves be fuch abroad.
Who having, by their own importunate fuit.
Or voluntary dotage of fomc miftrcfi,
I CinviKi d or liipplcd them, they cannorchufe
j But they mull blab. ' iihfk'fp''"t'OtbcU(i.

WJjea Duncan, Is a»l«yp, his twu ch,»inbeilajnj f
Will I with wine and walicl fo emvinie,
j That memory, the ttardct of the brairi,
j Shall be a fume. ' Staiijfeqiys. Mactitiy

■jCoNvrNcsM.Ei^T^ >fi./^ [fion^^coxtsiitfctj
i Convi,Sion.

j If that bi: notce/jjikj^ijij/.^ugh, let hin^
j weigH the other alfo. Deciy'ofPit/j,-

;CoNvi'NoiBt,E. afj. [from cov-viace-l
li, Capable of cotividion..
'.2. Capable of being evidently. difpr.o\;pd
' or detc-fted.

l''pon what nncertalnties, and alfo cciivir,(ikU
fallitios, they often ercited fuch emblem's, we havo'
delivered, Bnttrr.

CoNVi'NCiNCLy. ntf-v. [from ccniiaccl
In fuch a manner as to leave no room
for doubt or difpute ; fo as to. prodjicft
conviction.

This he did fo particularly and cerlvinciiirly,
that thofc of the parlianjej|t »v*fc in great confu^
fion, CUreMdm.

The rcfutrcflion is fo ccuviitciag/y attelled by
fuch perfons, with fuch cirtumftanccs, t)>at th?y
who confrder and weigh the tellimony, at what
diftancc foever they o^e placed, cannot entertain
, any more doubt of the rcfurrcdUoa than tjie cruci,^
finion of Jefus. Atlcrl/uiy.^

IConvi'nc.incness. n.f. [from coiiviac'
\ i>ig.'\ The power of convincing.
jTo CONVrVE. V. a. l^convivo, Latin.]
^ To entertain ; to feaft. A word, I be-
lieve, not elfewhere ufed.

t irlt, all you peers of Greece, gq to my te^t^ ■
There in the lull cor.vive you.

Sliajttjycare'i Trsilus end Crij/~da,

CoKVj'vAL. lf<iJ. [cori'vi'viaJh, Latin.]
CoNvi'vtAL. J Relating to an entertain-
ment ; fellal ; fecial.

I was the f.rlt who let up feftivals ;
Not with high talies our appetites did force.
But fiU'd with convcrfarion and difcourf*? ;
Which fcalU, CiKvivijl meetings we dij n.am?.

Your focial and ror.iii-jijl fpirit is fuch, that it
is ahappiacfs to live aud coovcrle with you.,

Dr.^Ntivton,

'.' Conu'mdrum.

CON

Conu'ndrum. n.f. Alowjeft; a quib-
ble ; a mean conceit : a cant word

Mean time he I'moaks, and Uughs at merry talc,
Or pun ambiguous, 0 onumirum quaint, Pbilips,

To CO'NVOCATE. -v. a. [convoco, Lat.]
To call together i to fumraon to an al'-
fembly.

Convoca'tion. fi./. [ctm-voca/ie, Latin.]

1. The aft of calling to an aflembly.

Diaphantus, making a general can'v-uaiknt Ipal'c
to them in this manner. Shhty.

2. An aflembly.

On the eighth day fhjll be an holy ccrmocatitn
unto you. Lev, xxiii. 20.

3. An aflembly of the clergy for confulta-
tion upon matters ecclefiailical, in time
of parliament : and, as the parliament
confills of two dilHnfl houfes, fo does
this ; the one called the upper houfe,
where the archbifhops and bi(hops fit
feverally by themfelves; the other the
lower houfe, where all the reft of the
clergy are reprefented by their deputies.

Coiue/I,
I have made an offer to his inajefty.
Upon our fpiritua! ccnvMHtkn,
As touching France, to give a greater fum
Then ever at one time the clergy yet
Did to his predcceffors part withal. Shak< H. IV.
This is tlie declaration of our church ahout it,
made by thofe who met in convocat'icn, StyfingjUift,

To CONVO'KE. -v. a. [ccv-vocc, Latin.]
To call together ; to fummon to an ai'-
fembly.

AlTembliet exercife their legillature at the times
that their conftitution, or their own adjournment,
appoints, if there be no otlicr way prefciibcd to
nmnke them* Loch,

When next the morning vfirms the purple cart,
dnvrit the peerage. Pefc'i OHyJcy.

The fenatc Originally confided all ot* nobles, the
people being only itnv^ked apoA luch occalloni as
tell into their cognizance* S'auft.

To CONVO'LVE. 'V. a. [nmvah>o, Lat.]
To roll together ; to roll one part upon
another.

He writh'd him to and fro ccttinlv'J, MUton,
It is a wonderful artifice h<v* newly hatched
maggot!, not the parent animal, bccanfe (he em';;s
no web, nor hath any tcxtrir.c art, can £in^-:!-ve
the lluhborn leaf, and bind it with the thread it
weaves from its body. Dcrlam,

Us'd to milder fcents, the tender race
By thoufands tumble from their honey*d domes,
Convolvd and agonizing in the dull.

Tb'jiftjon'i j^utunn,

Co'nvoluted. part, [of the verb I have
found no example.] Twilled; rolled
upon itfelf.

'I'hii differs from Mufcovy-giafs only in this,
that the plates of that are Aat and plain, whereas
tbeCe are convcluttd and infletited.

H^(X,dwarJ on F'jjfili.

Convolu'tiok. It./, [fon'vo/utio, Latin.]

1 . The aft of rolling any thing upon itfelf;
the ftate of being rolled upon itfelf.

Oblerve the tonnjiiut'wn of the faid librcs ijl all
Other giands, in ihe lame or fome other manner.
Crrw'i OjffiaJbgia.
A thouftnxl fectef, fubtile pipes bellow,
From which, by num>ou> iinvoh:iotis wound,
Wrapp'd with th' attending nerve, and twilled
toa-.ti. iilackmun .

2. The ftate of rolling together in com-
pany.

And tofs'd wi<e round, *

CTtt the calm fe:>, in cnvo/mhn (wift
Tbeftrtbct'd cJdy floats. Ibunjin'i^tumn.

CON

To CON\'0'y. T. a. [toH'voyei-, Fr. from
connjiare, low Latin.] To accompany
by land or fea, for the fake of defence :
as, he •was convoyed by pips of miar.

Co'rvOY. ti.f. {from the verb. Anciently
the accent was on the lall fyllable ; it is
now on the firft.]

I . One attending on the road by way of
defence.

Had not God fet peculiar value upon his tem-
ple, he would not have m.tJe himfdf hU people's
anvy to fecure them in their paTHtge to it.

My foul grows hard, and cannot death eriJurc ;
Your ccrfvoy makes the dangerous way fecure.

Convy (hips accompany their merchants, till
they may prolecute the voyage without dangei .

Drydtns Pref. Dufrefry.

z.. The aft of attending as a defence.

Such fclljws will learn you by rote where fcr-
vices were done ; at fuch a breach, a: luch a rin-
•voy. Shakejji^are''i Hinry V.

Swift> as a Ip.irkle of a glancing liar,
I (hoot from heiv'n to give him fjl'e foniy.

Miltan^s ParoHiJe R.gg'.ncd.

3. Coiivcyance. Not now in ufe*

Sifter, as the winds give benefit.
And ct'Tfjoy is adiHanf, do not ficep,
But let me hear from you, * Shakeff^ean,

Co'nusance. rt. /. [^conofjpince , French.]
Cognizance; notice; knowledge* A
law term.

To CtpNVU'LSE. f. a. [convulfus, Lat.]
To give an irregular and involunt.vy
motion to the parts of any body.
Follows the loofenV, aggravated roar,
Enlarging, deepening, mingling peal on peal,
Crufii'd honible, tUBvui/ing heaven and earth.

' , Iboajpr:.

CoNvo'tsi'oN. n.f. [cotfvuljso, Latin".]
I. A toifjiilfion is an involuntary contrac-
tion of the fibres and mufcles, whereby
the body and limbs are preternaturally

diilorted.

(uiiicy.

It my hand l»e put into motion by a cott'vuljwn^
the indi^crcncy of that operative faculty is taken
away, Lccke.

z. Any irregular and violent motion ; tu-
mult ; commotion ; diliurbanee.

All have been Ii.bjeiJl to I'omc concufli.^ns, and
fall under the fame convuljians of Ilate, by diflcri-
fions or invafions, limbic.

Convu'lsive. adj. Sjon'vulftf, French.].
That which produces involuntary moti-
on ; that which gives twitches or fpafms.

They arc irregular and car'vu'f.'ve mocions, or
(Irugglings of the fpirics. UjU^ i Origin of Matik'inii.

Shew mc the flying-foul's coTiv:iyitj^ (Irife,
And all the ungiiiih of departing life,

DrydcrCl Aui er.g-z,;hc.
Her colour chang'd, her face was not the fame,
And hollow groans from her deep fpirit came ;
Her hair ftcod up; convulfive rage po(rt:ri.'d
Her trembling limbs, an^ hcav'd her hb'ring
bteaa, D'yJeiu

In fileD* weep,
And thy convuljive lorro.vs inward keep. PriC'-.
CONY. a. /'. [ini/fri. Germ, cotinil or con-
tiin, Fr. cuniculus, Lat.] A ribbit ; an
animal that burroughs in the ground.

With .\ ihoit-lcgg'd hen,
Lemons and wine for I'auce ; to iheft a eony
It tiiit to be delpalKd of, for our money.

//.'« ytrtjoni Epi^arrs.

The huibandman fufTcrs by hares and coiyt,

wliich eat the corn and trees. Miriir.nr'i HuJI>.

Con Y-B9R0UCM. ri. JT A place where
rabbits nziJce th'ci/ holes xa ih« ground.

COO

To Co'nyc.^tch. f, n. To catch a cony,
IS, in the old cant of thieves, to cheat j
to bite ; to trick.

I have matter in my head againft you, and
againft your cojiycatching rafcals.

iskakeffeaie's Merry jViiics of Hundfcr,

Co'nycatcher, K./. A thief ; a cheat ;

a ftiarper ; a tricking fellow; a raical.

Now obfolete.
To Coo. 'V. n. [from the found.] To cry

as a dove or pigeon.

Th; flrtckdove only through the foreft aoes.
Mournfully hoarfe. TbomJ'.ni Suvirreft

COOK. n.f. \_coqi4us, Latin.] One whofe
profeffion is to drefs and prepare viftuals
for the table.

One miilrefs Quickly is in the manner of hij
hurCe, or his dry-nurfe, or his cotsi, or his laundry,
his wafher, and his wringer.

Siakf /scare's Merry fflves of Windfort
The new-born b.ibe by nurl'cs overlaid.
And the csoi caught within the raging (ire he made.

Drydcn*
Their eocki could mjke artificial birds ai(d
(ilhes, in default of the real ones, and which ex-
ceeded them in the exquilitenefs of the tafte.

yirhuth'iot on CoirtSt

Cook-maid. n. f. [rao/t and maid.'\ A
maid that drefles provifions.

A friend was complaining to me, that his wife
had turned off one of the bell scok-maids in Eng-
land. Addijon,

Cgok-jjoom. n. f. \_ack and room-l A
room in which piovifions are prep.ired
for the fhip's crew. The kitchen of a
ihip.

The commodity of this new cook-room tha
merchants having found to be fo great, as that in
all their (hips the cook-rooms are built in their
fore-caftles, contrary to that which had been an-
ciently ufcd. Riilcigh's Ejj'jys.
To Cook. f. a. [cojuo, Latin.]

1 . To prepare vidtuals for the table*

Had either of tlie crimes been cooked to their pa-
lates, they might have changed nicfTcs,

Decay ofPiity,

2. To prepare for any purpofe.

Hanging is the word. Sir; if you be ready for
that, you arc well cookr. Sbakcjpcare^i Cymbc/tnc,

Coo'k E R V. a. f. [from cook.'l The art of
drefling viftuals.

Some man's wit
Found th' art of cook'ry to delight his fenfc :

More bodies are confum'd and kiil'd with it,
Thau with the fword, famine, or peftilencc.

Va^i'IeSt

Ev'ry one to cookery pretends. King's Cnokfyyt

Thrfe are the in;;rcdients of plants bt rore^tlii'tf

are prr'parcd by coohry. A.hui'hnot on Allij>iii.}s,

COOL. ac/J. [koelen. Dutch.]

1. Somewhat cold; approaching to cold.

He fet his leg in a pail-full, as hot ai he could
well ehdure it, renewing it ua it grew tv^/. Tetf:ple,

2, Not zealous ; not ardent ; not angry ;
not fond ; without paffion ; as, a coo/
friend ; a cool deceiver.

Cool. «. /. Freedom from heat ; foft and
refrefiiing coldnefj*

But fee where Lucia, at her wonted hour,
Amid the res/ of yon high marble-arch,
linjoys the noon-day breeze. Addifons C.Jta

Piiilander was enjoying the cool of tht morning
among the dews that lay on every thing about him,
and that gave theair a frcfho'.-ls. Addijon on Med.

To Cooi,. 1). a. [Jkeclc/i, Dutch.]
I, To make cool ; to allay heat.

Snow they uff in Naples inlhad of ice, he- •
caufe, ai they fay, it iult <fl congrals any liquor
(ouncir. A^d'f'n m luly.

Jelly

coo

Jrlljr.of currintt, or the jelly of iny ripe Aibjcld

fruitj It cmting, and very agree;ible t) tfie/Voroach.

• jirburhr.ot on Did*

«. To quiet paffion; to calm anger-, to
moderate zeal.

Wy lord Northumberland will fooobe cMtd.

Stattjftart'i tlcury IV.
He will keep his jealoufy to himfelf, and repine
. jn private, becauie he will be apt to fear fome ill
tflecl it may produce in acHitg your love to him.

Had they thought they had been fighting only
other people's guarrelf, perhaps it might have ccM
their jeal. Sari/'t.

^0 Cool. v. n. -

1 . To grow lefs hot.

2. To grow lefs warm with regard to paf-
fion or inclination.

My humour (hall not cool; I will incenre Ford

to deal with poifon ; I will polTci's him with yel-

luwnefs. Sbahfpeart.

You never eml while you j-ead Honger. Orydtn.

1 'm impatient till it be done; I will not £ive

myfeif liberty to think, left I fliould <•«/.

Cortgnvt'i OU BiKhikr.
'Co'oLER.. »._/ [frOfflfW.]

*. That which has tbe power -of cooling
the body.

Ciulcn are of two forts ; firft, t)iofe which pro-
duce jn immediate Jenfc of cold, which arc futli
as have their parts in lefs motion than thole cf
the organs of feeling ; and fecondly, fuch as, by
paiticular vifciditj, or groffnefs of parts, give a
greater conliftence to the animal fluids than they
had befoie, whereby they cannot move fo fall, and
theiefore will have lefs of that intelVme force on
which their heat depends. The former are fruits,
all acid liquors, and common water; and the Ut-
ter arc fuch as cucumbers, and all <^ubftances pro-
ducing vifcidity. ^incy.

In dogs or cats there appeared the fameneceflity
for a loJtr at in man. Harvey ok Cottfumfi'urt.

Acid things were ufed only as cooitri.

Arlutbmt en jiUmaili.

2, A veflel in which any thing is made
cool.

Your firft wort being thus boiled, lade off into
«ne or more coolen, or cool-backs, in which leave
■ the fuUage behind, and let it run off fine.

^ Mortimer's Hujbandry,

Coolly, adv. [from ««/.]

1 . Without heat, or (harp cold.

She in the gelid caverns, woodbine wrought.
And frclh bcdew'd with ever-fpouting ftreams.
Sits coolly calm. Ti-imjin'i Summer.

2. Without paffion.

Motives that addrefs themfelves coo/ly to our rea-
fon, are fitteft to be employed upon reafonable crea-
tures. Jitterbury.

Co'aLNEts. n.f. [from coil.'\
I . Gentle cold j a foft or mild degree of
cold.

This difference confifteth not in the heat or

• totir.cjt of fplriti ; for cloves and other fpiccs, nap-

tha, and petroleum, have exceeding hot fpiircs,

hotter a great deal than oil, wax, or tallow, but not

inflamed. Bac-n'i Natural Hijiory.

The toad loveth ihade and cocheji.

Bacon's fJatwal Hifioty.
Yonder the harvell of cold mootht laid up,
•Gives a freflj eoohrjs to the royal cup ;
There ice, like cryftal, firm and never loft,
Tempers hot July with December's frofl. ff^aller.
The (hecp enjoy the cottntft of the (hade.

Dryden's Virgil.

t. Want of aftciflion ; difincli nation.

They pytedwitli (nchcoolnefi ;.jward5 each other,
» if they fcarcc hop<rd to meet .igjin. Clarendon.

3. Freedom from pailion.
CooM. n.J. [ecama, French ]

f . Soot that gatners ov*r an aven's mouth

COO

2. That matter that \v0rk5 out of the
wheels of carriages. BaiUy,

3. It is ufed in Scotland for the ufeleft dull
which falls from large coals.

Coomb, or Comb. n.f. [ctmtle, Ft. cu-
mulus, Lat. a heap, Siinner.] A meafuie
of corn containing four bulhels. Baihy.

COOP. «. /. [kujpe, Dutch.]

1 . A barrel ; a vefl'el for the prefervation
of liquids.

2, A cage ; a pennfor animals, as poultry
or (heep.

Gracchus was (lain the day the chickens refufed
to eat out of the coop ; and Claudius Pulcher un-
derwent the like fucccfs, when he contemned the
tripudiary augurations. Brcivn.

There were a great many crammed capons toge-
ther in a coop. L'Ejlmrgc.

To C00P.1;. a. [from the noun.] Tofhtjt,
up in a narrow compafs ; to confine ; to
cage ; to imprifon : when it is ufed ab-
folutely, it has often, perhaps always,
the intenf.ve particle up.

That pale, that white-fat'd ihore,
Whufe foot fpurnsback the ocean's roaring lidcs,
And coopi from other lands hci if.anders.

abaktjpcare's King yobn.

The Englilhmen did coof up the lord Raven-
flein, that he ftirred ;nit ; and iikcwife held in
ftrait fiege the town. ' ''','. Bacon.

In the taking of a to\v'ft the p6or efcape bettt-r
than the rich ; for the on^ is let gt», and the otliei
is plundered and cooped up. L'BJirarge.

Twice conquer*d cowards, now your (hame is
(hown,
Cxip'd tip a fccond time within your town !
■Who dare not illue forth in open field.

Dryden's ^neid.

One world fuffic'd not Alexanders mind ;
Cotp'd up he feem'd, in earth and leas confin'd.

Dryden^s yuvcnal.

Coop'd up in a narrow iflc, obferving dreams
With flattering wiaards. Dryden's yuvenal.

The Trojans, roof '(/within their walls lolong.
Unbar their gates, and iffuc in a throng.

Dryden's j^n'ciJ.

The contempt of all other knowledge, as if it
were nothing in comparifon erf law or phyfick, of
aftrology or chymiftiy, coops the underllanding up
within narrow bounds, and hinders it from look-
iPj^ ..broad into other provinces of the intelledlual
w.>rld. Loiki.

They are cooped in clofe by the laws of, their
countries, and the fliiift guards of thofe whole
intcred it is to keep them ignorant. Locke.

What ! eo^p whole armies in our walls again I

Pope.

Cooph'f. n.f. [coufe, French.] A motion

in dancing.
Co'opER. n. /. [from eoej).] One that

makes coops or b.irrels.

Societies of artificers and tradefmcn, belonging
to fome towns corporate, fuch as' weavers and coo-
pers, by virtue of their charters, pretend to privi-
lege and jurifditVion. CliJd.

Co'oPERACE. «. /. [from coepfi:'] The

price paid for cooper's work.
n COO'PERATE. xr. n. [con and efera,

Latin.]
I. To labour jointly with another to the

fame en J: it hasT-v'/i before the agent,

and to before tlie cnd.j

It puzzleib and perplexcth the conceits of many,
that perhaps would ox}\cc\\\ie cooperate "zvith h'lin,
and makes a man walk alraott alone to his own
ends. ., ■ Bacon.

By giving man a free will, he allows man that
highefl fatisfrition and piivilc^e ot eocfcraiing to
his owu-fdlclty. ' ' Byle.

C OP

2'. To concur in producing the fame effeft.

His ir.erty will hot forgive offenders, or his be-
nignity eeoptratt tt their convcrfions.

Brown's Vatgar Errours*

All thcfe caufcs f M/rerjfi/!^, muft, at laft, weaken
their motion. CteynCi PbUoj'ophieal Principles.

The fpecial afts and Imprcflions by which the
Divine Spirit introduces this charjje, and how far
human Ifbeity coo{i4^atei iviib it, ate fubjedls beyond
our compiThenlion. Rogers*

Coopera'tion. rt. /. [from cooperate.']
The aft of contributing or concurring to
the fame end.

We might work any effefl without and againll
matter ; and this not holpen by the ctoptratim of
angels or fpi'iu, bat only by tiie unit) and har-
mony of nature. Bacon's Natural Hijiory.

Coo'pER ATIVE. ItilJ. [from cooperate.]
Promoting the fame end jointly.

Coopera'tor. n.f. [from cooperate."] He
that, by joint eiidcavours, promotes the
fame end with others.

Coopta'tion. «. /. l^cooptt, Latin.]
Adoption; aflumption.

COO'RDINATE. adj. {con and ordinatus,
Latin.] Holding the fame rank ; not
being fijbordinate. Thus Iheil-fifli may
be divided into two coordinate kinds,
cruftaceous and tellaceous ; each of
which is again divided into m.iny fpe-
cies, fubordinate to the kind, but coordi-
nate to each other.

The word Analj lis li^'nlfies the generJI and par-
ticular heads of a difcou1'f<S U*]lh their mutual con-
nexions, both coordinate ^ni fubordinate, drawn cut
into one or more tables. Watts.

Coo'rdi k atelv. adv. [from coordinate.]
In tlie fame rank ; in the fame relation :
without I'ubordination.

Coo'rdin ATENESS. n. f. [from Coordi-
nate.] The Hate of being coordinate.

Coo'rdi nation, n.f. [horn coordinate.]
The Hate of holding the fame rank j of
ftanding in the fame relation to fome-
thing higher ; collateralnefs.

In this high court of parliament there is a rare
coordination of power, a wholefomc mixture betwixt
monarchy, optimacy, and democracy.

. Hoviel's Pre-eminence of Parriament.

When thefe pretty intrigues of a play are fo ill

ordered, that they have no coherence with the

other, 1 muftgran^that Lyfidius h.TS reafon to tax

that want of due connexion ; for coordination in a

, play is as dangerous and unnatural as in a flate.

Dryden on Dramatic Poej'ym

Coot. ». / [maer-ieet, Dut. cotee, Fr.J
A fmall black water-fowl, feen often in
fens and maifhes.

A lake, the haunt
Of ctots, and of the filhing cormurant.

Diyden's Fables,

COP. n.f. [Jtop, Di:t. cop, Sa.x.] The
head; the top of any thing; any thing
rifmg to a head : as, a cop, vulgarly coci,
of hay ; a cob-caftle, properly cop-cajlle,
a fniail callie or houfe on a hill ; a cob of
cherry- ftones, for cop, a pile of llone? one
laid upon another j a tuft on the head
of birds.

Co'pAL. n.f. I'he Mexican term for a
gum.

Co^a'rceN'a RV. n.f. [ho'm coparcener.]
Joint fucceflion to any inheritance.

In defccnt to all t'. ' ' in ccpai c.nttry ,

for w.int of fons^ the ; . allotted to the

eldelt dkughter. I'... . :. ..■> f C-.mmcn I.avi.

COPA'R.

c o j»>.

COPA'RCENER. „./ [from «» and /.ir-
• ticeps, Lat.]

_ Cc;.arffrrrs are oth-rwlfecaUcd parceners; and,
in common law, are fuch as have equai portion in
the inheritance of .uk anceftor. Co-mcll.

This great lordihip '-.js broken and divided, and
partition made bcnvren the five daughters : in every
of thefe portions, the Kfarcctmi Ccverally exercifed
Hie fame jurifdiflion royal, which the' carl mar-
flial and his fons had ufed in the whole province.
-, , Davits -17 hcUmi.

t-oPA RCENY. «./ An equal Hiarc of co-
parceners. Phillips's World oflVords
•COPA'RTNER. ,. / [,„ and Ut^erA
One that has a fliare in forae common
flock or affair ; one equally concerned ;
a fharer ; a partaker ; a partner. Mil-
ton has ufed it both with yand in.

, Our faithful friends,

Th aflbciatej and copartners 5/ our lofs.

Milton's Faradife Loll.
Shall I to him make known
As yet my change, and give him to partake
Foil happinefs with me? Or rather not;
But keep the odds of knowledge in my powV,
Without cofartvir f Milton's Paradijt Lcji.

- . Rather by them

•1 gam d what I have gain'd, and with them dwtll
Lofartncr in thefe regions of the world.
„ , Milan's Paradife Rtraind.

tq^A RTNERSHip.«./ [horn copartnir.]
The Hate of bearing an equal part, or
poflefling an equal fliare.

Jn cafe the father left only daunhters, the daugh-
ters equally fuccceded to their father as in c^art-

CopATALV.^^. [from«/.] Highraif-

Oh, fin. villain ! a filken doublet, a velvet hole,
a Icarlet cloke, and a cpaiain hat.

^ SbahfftaresramingoftbtShrtto.

«0PA TV A. »./. [It is fometimes written
capt-vi, copiw, capay-va, cofayva, at-
fay-va, ctipayia.] A gum which diftils
from a tree in Brafil. It is much ufed
m diforders of the urinary paffaees

Cope. «./ [See Cop.]

1 . Any thing with which the head is co-
vered.

2. A facerdotal cloak, or veftment worn in
facred miniftration.

3. Any thing which is fpread over the
head ; as the concave of the fkies ; any
archi^rk over a door.

Mr- I.- A". '^''' '•"'"P' '''" ="« contained
With n this g^dly t,ft, both moft and leaft,
1 iicir bcmg h«e, and daily are incrcaft. Sprnftr.
r>rc J .Ov'-rhendthedifmalhiis '^ ''
Ut fiery d.irts in Aiming vlleys flrw,
Arl flyin,- vaulted eit'irr hoft with fire •
•y ccf(, together ruA'd '
.lain. Mi/tin: PjraJi/t Uli.

1 .:c Kru lar bclKvcs thctt is no mm under fhe
tc/f of heaven, who u fo knowing as his maimer.

fe Cope. t/. a. [from the noun.] '^'"''

1. To cover, as with a cope.

A very lar^e bridge, that is all made of wood,
and rc*rrf over he jd. d u r 1 ,

2. lo contend With; to oppofc.

' , Know my name is left,

J./ trcifon s tooth bare gnawn. and caaker-bit J
V or :.m I noble as the advcrfary

,,, r": • itbatrrf fare's Kmg I.cht.

3. I o reward ; to give in return.

•J . .,.' Jjnd my friend

Have, by your wifdom, been this dayacruittcd
Of grievous renalt.es i in lieu whei^of.
Three thoofjnd ducat;, due unto the lew.
We freeJy cf, your ceurteous pa-i., wiUial. Shah.
VOL. i.

CQ P^

\ To Cope. ■». a.
I. To contend; to flruggle ; to ftrlve. It
has -with before the thing or peribn op-
pofed. [In this fenfe it is a word of
doubtful etymology. The conjedure of
Junius derives it Oom lioopen, to buy, or
fome other word of the fame import ; fo
that to cope with fignilies to interchange
blo--Mi, or any thing elfe, with another.]

Let our trains
March by us, that we may pcrufe the men
We fliould have cofd uiiha!. Sbak, Hmy IV.

It is likely th<^ wilt undertake
A thing, like death, to chide away this Ihame,
ihat tofes tulib death itfclf, to'fcape from it.

Shakcfpcarit
But Eve was Eve;
This far his over-match, who, fclf-deceiv'd
And ralh, befoichai\d had no better vreigh'd
The ftrength he was to c^pe tvitb, 01 his own.

Ti r „ Milton.

1 hey perfcfJly underUood both the hares and

the encjny they were to c.fc mithal. Vh'.jlrangc.

On ever)- plain,
Hoft cop dviitb hoft, dire, was the din of war.
„. .' , , Pbilips.

i neir generals have not been able to cope loitl
the troops of Athens, which I have concUicted.
,. , ... Jiddifon's JVhig Examiner.

If the mind apply itfelf firft to caher (uljeds,
and things near a -kin to what is already known :
and Uen advance to the more remote and knotty
parts of knowledge by (low degrees, it will be able,
in this manner, to ape vinb great difficulties, and
prevail over them wlith amazing and happy fuccefi.
IVatts on the Mind.

2. To encounter; to interchange kindnefs
or fentiments.

„, „ Thou frefli piece

Of excellent witchcraft, who offeree muft know
he royal fool thou cop'fi .with. Shah, mntcrs Talc.
_ Thou art e'en as ju(t a man,
As e er my converfation cop'd withal.
rr r> ™ Shaiefpeare's Hamlet.

lo Cope. 'v. e. To embrace. Not in ufc

_ I will make him tell the tale a.iew;
Where, how how oft, how long ago, and when,
"e tiath, and is again to cope your wife.

Shahejpeare's Othello.

CopESMATE. ;,./ [perhaps for fa/>«/^,
a companion in drinking, or one that
dwells under the fame cope, for houfe 1
Companion ; friend. An old word.

Ne cvcrflaiJ in place, ne fpake to wight,
i 111 that the fox b:ii copefmate he hid found.
, Huhberd'sTalc.

Copier, n.f. [from «/>]

1 . One that copies ; a tranfcriber.

A coin is in no danger of having its ch.iraaers
altered hy copiers and tianfcribers. Mdifin on Coins.

2. One that imitates; a plagiary ; an imi-
tator.

Without invention a ralnter is but a c-pier, and
a poet but a pLigiaryof others. Dry den's £,/„/„,,.

Let the faint «;!.«r, on old Tiber's Ihore,
Nor mean the talk, each breathing buft oxn|„re =
Line after line with painful paticnc^ffac-,
l^his R',man grandeur, that Athenian grace. Tickel.

Co'piNo. „./ [from cope.] The upper
lire of mafonry which covers the wall

All thefe were of coftly ftones, even frcm the
foundation unto the coping. , Kings, vii. o .

Ihccopmg, the modillions, or dentils, make a
noble fliew by their graceful projeflions.

jiddifon's Freeholder.
CO'PIOUS. adj. [copiu, Latin.] '
I. Plentiful; abundant; exuberant; in
great quantities.

Rofe, aa in dance, the ftately trees, and fpread
* heir branches hung wilh copious (s<t\i. MUnn.

COP

Full me-ifare only bsandi
Fxref., b,f.,re the all-bounteousking,who IhowV*
V^^'h copious hand, rejoicing in their joy. Af,/f,„.
T his alkahne acrimony indicates tits copious ufe
of vinegar and acid^ fruits. Arbuthnot oil Aiimems.
. , , . 'I'he tender heart is peace,

And>kindly pours its copious treaiures fordi
In various converfe. Tkontjon's Spring.

2. Abounding in words or images 5 net
barren ; not confined ; not concife.

^u"u'l' l°" "'' ^°'*' ^"'°"'' °'' ">=" '■ tliy nanw
:>tiall be the copious matter of my fong

Henceforth, and never (hall my harp thy praife

torget, nor trora thy Father's prail';; disjoin.

(-■„' . , ,- Miltoit.

<-o PIOUSLY, adv. [from copious.]

1. Plentifully; abundantly; in great quan-

2. At large; without brevity or concife-
nels; diffufely.

Thvfe feveral remains have teen fo (:o«;i).v/?y de-
icribed by abundance of travellers, and other wri-
ters, that it IS very difficult to make any newdif.
covcr.cs on lb beaten a fubjeft. Addifots.

COPIOUSNESS, n.f. Ihom copious.]

1. Plenty; abundance; great quantity j
exuberance.

2. Diffufion ; exuberance of ftyle.

The Roman orator endeavoured to imitate the
copioujrefs of Homer, and the Latin poet made it
his buiinefs to reach the concifenefs of Demof.
tncnes. r^ j

(-OPIST. n./. [from copy.] A copier; a

tranfcriber ; an imitator.
Co'pLAND. n.f. A piece of ground in

which the land terminates witli an acute

r^'"^''- .. rr ^'^•

Co PPED. adj. [from cup.] Rifing to 3
top or head.

It was broad in its bafis, and rofe copped like a

fugar.loaf. m/eman's Surgery.

A galeated efchinus being copped ini fomewhat

r^""" r rrr^.- . ff'^^'i-^'-'-J.-

Co ppEL. n.f. [This word 15 varioufl»

fpelt ; as copel. cupel, ctiple, and cupple ^

but I cannot find its etymology.] An

inftrument ufed in chymiftry, in the

form of a dilh, made of afljes, well

walhed, to cleanfe them from all their

fait ; or of bones thoroughly calcined.

Its ufe is to try and punfy gold and fil-

vcr, which is done by mingling lead

with the metal, and expofing it in the

coppel to a violent fire a long while.

The impurities of the metal will then

be carried off in drofs, which is called

the litharge of gold and iilver. Th«

CO'PPER. „./ Uoper, Dutch ; cuprum,
l.atin.] One of the fix primitive metals.

Copper is the moll duftile and malleable metaL
after (jold and filvcr. Of a mixture of copper anS
lapis calaminaris is formed brafs ; a compofition of
copper and tin makes bvll-metal ; and c,pper and
brals, melted in equal quantities, produces what the
trench call broiuc, uleJ for figures and rtatucs.

r .. • ■L. ■ , . Cbambcrs.

Copper IS heavier than iron or tin ; but liKhter

than (liver, lead, and gold. Hill on FoiJH,.

1 wo vellels of enc copper, precious as gold.

/■■> ' ,. . _ . Exra, viii. 27,

Co ppER. «./ A vefTel made of copper -
commonly ufed for a boiler larger than
a moveable pot.

They boiled it in a copper to the half, then
they poured It into earthen vcifels. Hac.I'i,, Hill

Copper. NOSE. n.f. topper and noli. l A
red nofe. ■'

3 G H,-

COP

C O P

COP

H< havlni colour enough, and the other higher,

Is too (laming a praife for a good complexion : 1

had as lieve Helen's golden tongue had commended

Troilus for a ttffcr-n:ft' Sbilrffiart.

G4itta rnfacea arilethin little hard tubercles, af-

fefling the face all over with great itching, which,

keing fcratched, looks red, and rifej in great welks,

«n(lering the viCage fier)' j an4 malcet ccfftr-Kc/,i,

as we generally exprefj them. Wifman.

C^orPER-PiATE. n.f. A plate on which

piftures are engraven for the neater im-

preflion, diftingailhed from a wooden

cut.

Copper-work. «._/. [cop f er i^nA •work.']

A place where copper is worked or ma-

nufaflured.

This it like thoft wrought at co/fer-vnirti.

Co'pPERAS. n.f. [hpperoefe, Dut. eoupe-
rcii/t, Fr. fuppofcd to be found in copper
mines only.J A name given to three
forts of vitriol ; the green, the bliiifh
j[reen, and the white, which are pro-
duced in the mines of Germany, Hun-
gary, and other countries. But what is
commonly fold here for copperas, is an
artificial vitriol, made of a kind of
Aones found, on the fea-lhore in Effex,
Hampthire, and fo weftward, ordinarily
called gold ftones from their colour.
They abound with iron, and are expofed
to the weather in beds above ground,
and receive the rains and dews, which
in time breaks and diffolves the ftones :
the liquor that runs off is pumped into
boilers, in which is firft put old iron,
which, in boiling, diffolves. This fac-
titious copperas, in many refpefts, agrees
witli the native green vitriol.

Chambers. Hill,
It may be qucftloned, whether, in this opera-
tion, the iron cr cafftrai be rranfmuted, from the
cognation of cifferas with copper, and the iron
remaining after converfion. Breiun.

Co'pPERSMlTH. n.f. [copper zni.fmith.y
One that manufaAures copper.

Salmoneus, as the Grecian tale is,
Wa» a mad ttffcrjmith of Elis ;
' Up at his forge by morning peep. Sivift,

Co'ppERWORM. n.f. [teredo, Latin.]

1. A little worm in ftiips.

2. A worm that fretteth garments.

3. A worm breeding in one's hand.

Ainfixjorth,
Co'miiY. adj. [ftom copper."] Contain-
ing copper ; made of copper.

Some fprings of Hungary, highly impregnated
Krlth vitriolick fa^ts, diflolve the body of iron put
into 'he fpring, and depofita, in lieu of the irony
particles carried off, coffcrj particles brought with
the water out of the neighbouring copper-mines.
IVxuiivarii en Fcjils.

CO'PPICE. »./ [coupeaux, Fr. from cou-
per, to cut or lop. It is often written
coffe.'] Low woods cut at Rated times
for fuel ; a place over-nm with brulh-
wood.

A land, each (lit whereof was bounded both
with high timber trees, and eofjet of far more
tumble ^-rowth. SiJny.

Upon the edge of yonder ccpfke,
A (land, where you may have the faireft (hoot.

Stak^/ptari,

In ri>/i/ic< woods, if you leave ftsddles too thick,

they run to bu(hes and briars, and have Utile clean

under wood* Sattn

The willows, and the hatel ctp/n grttni
Shall now no more be feen
Fanning their joyous leaves to their foft lays.

Milicn.

Raife trecsin your feminarles and nurfrries, and
you may tranfplant them forcefpin ground, walks,
or hedges. Aiortiwur^t Hujhaneiry.

The rate of cofpite lands will fail upon the
difcovery of coal.minc&. Locke,

Co'ppLE-DusT. t:./. [probably for fi)//f/,
or cupel duji.] Powder ufed in purifying
metals, or the grofs parts feparated by
the cupel.

It may be alfo tried by incorpsrating powder of
(leel,. or ctiffh-dujl, by pouncing into the quick-
filver. Bacon.

Copp I. E -STONES are lumps and fragments
of ftone or marble, broke from the ad-
jacent cliffs, rounded by being bowled
and tumbled to and again by the adion
of the water. Woodiuard.

Co'ppLEn. adj. [from <■«/.] Rifing in a
conick form ; rifing to a point.

There is fame difference in this (hape, fome
being flatter on tlie top, others more coppled.

fVoodioard on Fc£iii.

Copse, n.f, [abbreviated from coppice.]
Short wood cut at a certain growth for
fuel ; a place overgrown with (hort wood.

The eaft quarters of the (hire are not dcditute
of copfe woods. Carrw^s Survey ofCornivatL

Oaks and brambles, if the copfe be burn'd.
Confounded lie, to the fanjeafhes turn'd. Waller.

But in what quarter of the copfe it lay,
His eye by certain level could furvey.

Drydtn's Fah/es.

7« Copse, "v. a. [from the noun.] To
preferve underwoods.

The neg'efl of copjtng wood cut down, hath been
of very evil confequence.

S'wift*! jtldrefs to Parliament.

CO'PULA. n.f. [Latin.] The word which
unites the fubjeft and predicate of a pro-
pofition ; as, hooks are dear.

The apiila is the form of a propofition ; it re-
prcfents the aii of the mind, affirming or denying.

Walls's Logick.

To CO'PULATE. f. a. [copulo, Latin.]
To unite; to conjoin; to link together.

Jf the force of cuftum, fimple and feparate, be
great, the force of cudom copulate, and conjoined,
and collegiate, is far greater. Bacon.

To Co' TV I. AT v.. -v. n. To come together
as different fexes.

Not only the perfons fo cofuUting arc infefted,
but a!fo their children. WJcman's Surgery.

Copula'tion. ft./, [from ctpulate.] The
■congrefs or embrace of the two fexes.

Sundry kinds, even of conjugal copulation, are
prohibited as unhonelt. Hooker.

Co'puLATiVE. adj. [copulativus, Latin.]
A term of grammar.

Copulative propofitions arethofe which have more
fubjcfts or predicates connefted by a(iirmative 01
negative conjunctions : as, riches and honours are
temptations to pride j Caefar conquered the Cauls
and the Britons ; neither gold nor jewels will pur-
chafe Immortality. , Wuttt's Logick.

CO'PY; »./ [copie, Fr. fopia, low Latin;
fuod cuipiam faila eft copia exfcribcndi.
Junius inclines, after his manner, to
derive it from xott®-, labour ; becaufe,
fayj he, to copy another's writing is very
painful and Uborious,]

I . A tranfcript from the archetype or ori-
ginal.

If virtue's felf wen lo(f, we might
From ywK fair mind new (tpitt wtftc Waller.

I hiT» not the vanity to think my ctfy equal t»
the original. Denbane^

He ftcpc forth, not only the copy of God's hands,
but alfo the cc^^of hisperfe^ions, a kind of image
or rcprefcniation of the Deity in fmall.

Soutb't Sermonu

The Romans having fent to Athens, and the
Greek cities of Italy, for tepiet of the bell laws,
chofe ten legidators to put them into form. Siuift,

z. An individual book ; one of many books :
as, a good, or fair copy.

The very having of the books of God was a
matter of no fmall charge, as they could not be had
otherwifc than in written ctpiet. Hooker*

3. The autograph ; the original ; the ar-
chetype ; that from which any thing ic
copied.

It was the copy of our conference;
In bed he dept not, for my urging it;
At board he fed not, for my urging it.

Sbniefpeare'i Comedy of Errmrs*
Let him firft learn to write, after a copy, all the
letters in the vulgar alphabet.

Holder^ I Elemmtt of Speeeb,
The firft of them I have forgotten, and cannoC
eafily retrieve, becaufe the ctfy is at the prefs.

Dry dee,

4. An inftrument by which any convey-
ance is made in law.

Thou know'd that Banquo and his Fleance lives;
But in them nature's copy 's not eternal.

Sbakefpeare's Macbeth,

5. A pi(3ure drawn from another pidlure.
Copy-BOOK. n.f. [copy and book.] A

book in which copies are written for
learners to imitate.
Copy-HOLD. n.f. [copy and hold.] A
tenure, for which the tenant hath no-
thing to fhew but the copy of the rolls
made by the (leward of his lord's court :
for the Reward, as he enrolls other
things done in the lord's court, fo he
regiflers fuch tenants as are admitted in
the court, to any parcel of land or tene-
ment belonging to the manor ; and the
tranfcript of this is called the court roll,
the copy of which the tenant takes from
him, and keeps as his only evidence.
This is called a bafe tenure, becaufe it
holds at the will of the lord ; yet not
fimply, but according to the cuftom of
the manor : fo that if a copy-holder break
not the cuftom of the manor, and there-
by forfeit his tenure, he cannot be turned
out at the lord's pleafure. Thefe cuftoms
of manors vary, in one point or other,
almoft in every manor. Some copy-holds
^re finable, and fome certain : that
which is finable, the lord rates at what
fine or income he pleafes, when the
tenant is admitted into it ; that which
is certain, is a kind of inheritance, and
calkd iu many places cuftomary ; be-
caufe the tenant dying, and the hold
being void, the next of blood paying the
cuftomary fine, as two ftiillings for an
acre, or fo, cannot be denied his ad-
miftion. Some copy-holders have, by
cuftom, the wood growing upon their
own land, which by law they could not
have. Some hold by the verge in an-
cient demefne ; and though they hold
by copy, yet arc they, in account, a
kind of freeholder ; for, if fuch a one
commit felony, the king hath annum.

COR

diem, and 'uaftum, as in cafe of freehold.
Some others hold by common tenure,
called mere copy-hold; and, they com-
mitting felony their land efcheats to
the lord of the manor. Ct.'welL

If a cuftomr.ry cenant di.e, the widow fliall liav?
what t'le law calls her free ber.ch in all his cop^.
*"''» '»"<'«• AJd&n.

Copy-HOLDER. »./ [from (opyhoU.] One

that is poffefled of land in copyhold.
To Co'pY. -v. a. [from the noun.]

1. To tranfcribe; to write after an ori-
. ginal : it has fometiraes out, a kind of

pleonafm.

He who hurts a harmlcfs neighbour's peace,
Who loves a lye, lame /lander helps about.
Who writes a libel, or who cjfki oui. Popi: F-l'ilh.

2. To imitate; to propofe to inutation {
to endeavour to refemble.

"' He that borrows other men's experience, with

this defign ai ctipymg it out, poffelfes himfelf of one

of Che greatell advantages. Decay of Piety.

Set the examples, and their fouls inflame j

To ccfy tut their great ferefathers fame. t

Dryderfi King ArtbuK

To co/y her fev/ nymphs afpir'd.

Her virtues fewer fwains admir'd. S-uiifu

To Co'py. <v. n.

I . To do any thing in imitation of fome-
thing elfe.

Some imagine, that whatfoerer they find in the
piflurt of a mafter, who has acquired teputatioil,
xnuft of ncceffity be excellent ; and never fail,
when they crjfy, to follow the bad as well as the
good things. _ Dry Jen's Dufrrfmy.

t. It has fometimes from before the thing
imitated.

COR

C O R

When a painter ccfnis fran the life, he has no
privilege to alter features and lineaments, under
pretence tiiat his pifture will feck better. Dryden.
3. Sometimes after.

Several of our countrymen, and Mr. Dryden "in
particular, feem very often to have copied after it in
tlieir dramatick writings, and in their poems upon
'•"'!; , Addifin'! Speclaior.

To Coquet, -v. a. [from the noun.]
To entertain with compliments and amo-
rous tattle ; to treat with an appearance
of amorous tendernefs.

You arc cojuettlng a maid of honour, my lord
lookiiig on to fee how tlie gamefters play, and I
railing at you both. Swift.

To Co(iy e't. -v. n. To ad the lover j to
entice by blandifliments.

I'hyilis, who but a month ago
Was married to the Tunbridgc beau,
I faw ctjuenin^ t" other night.
In publick, with that odious knight. S'.nifi.
CoQUE'TRr. n. f. [coqtuterie, French.]
Affeftation of amorous advances ; dcfire
of attrafting notice.

I was often in company with a couple of charm-
ing women, who had all the wit and beauty one
cobid defire in female companions, without a daft
of oquelry, that from time to time gave me a great
many agreeable torments. Addifn's Steaaictr.

COQUE'TTE. «./. [coquette, ?r. from
coqufirt, a prattler.] A gay, airy girl ;
a girl who endeavonrs to attraft notice.

'I he light coquettes in fylphs aloft repair.
And fport and flutter in the fields of air. rope.
A cojueiu and a tinder-box are fparkltd.

A'buihmt and Pcpc.

Co'racle. n.f. ffwrow^/f, Wellh, pro-
bably from corium, leather, Lat.] A
boat ufed in Wales by fifliers, made by
drawing leather or oiled cloth upon a
frame of wicker work.

CCRAL. It./. [corallium,L!H\a.-]
I . Red coral IS a plant of as great hardnefs
and ftony nature, wliiie growing in the
water, as it has after long expofure to
the air. The vulgar opinion, that coml
is foft while in the fea, proceeds from
a foft and thin coat, of a cruftaceous
matter, covering it while it is growing,
and which is taken off before it is packed
up for ufe. The whole coral -pUnt grows
to a foot or more in height, and is va-
rioufly ramified. It is thickell at the
ftem, and its branches grow gradually
fmaller. It grows to ftones, without a
root, or without any way penetrating
them ; but as it is found to grow, and
take in its nouriftiment, in the manner
of plants, and to produce flowers and
feeds, or at leaft a matter analogous to
feeds, it properly belongs to the vege-
table kingdom. Hilt's Mat. Med.

In the fea, upon the fouth-weft of Sicily, much
coral IS found. It is a fubmarine plant ; it hath no
leaves 5 it brancheth only when it is under water.
It IS foft, and, green ot' colour; but being brought
into the air, it becometh hard and mining red, as
*' Jf^."^; Bacon's Natural Hi/lory.

This gentleman, defirous to find the nature of
coraJ, caufed a man to go down a hundred fathom
into the lea, with exprefs orders to take notice
whether it were hard or foft in the place where It
groweth.. Bro^un', ru/gar Errours.

"«"«"» t°' crackling found of coral woods.
And fees the fccret fource of fubterranean floods.
DryJen't Virgil.
A turret was inclos'd
Within the wall, of alabaftcr white.
And crimfon coral, for the queen of night,
Who takes in Sylvan fports her chafte delight.

_ . , , , . Dryden,

Or where s the fenfe, direfl or tnoral.
That teeth are pearl, or lips are coral f Prior.

z. The piece of coral which children have
about their necks, imagined to affift
them in breeding teeth.'

Her infant grandame's coral next it grew ;
The bells /he gingled, and the whiillc blew. Pope.

Co R A L-T R E E . «. / [corallodcndro/t , Lat.]

It IS a native of America, and produces very

beautiful fcarlet flowers ; but never any feeds in

the European gardens. Miller,

Co'ralljne. adj. [f«fa//»»w, Lat.] Con-
fifting of coral; approaching to coral.

_ At luch time as the lea is agitated, it takes up
into_ itfelf terreftrial matter of all kinds, and in
particular the coralline matter, letting it fall again,
as It becomes calm. JVocdivard.

Co'ralline. n.f. [from the adjedive.]

Coralline is a fea plant ufed in medicine; but
much inferior to the coral in hardnefs, fometimes
greeni/h, fometimes yellowl/h, often reddifh. and
frequently white. Hill

In Faloiouth there is a fort of fand, or ratlier

coralline, that lies under the owfe. M„riim. Ihjb.

Co'r a L LOi D . 7 adj. [no^oc>},cuh,.] Re-

v_o RAHoiDAL. j feinbling coral.

No'.v that plants and ligneous bodies may indu-
rate under water, without approachment of air, «c
have experiment in coralKne, with many coraUoidal
concretions. g^^^^^

1 he pentadrous, columnar, coralloid bodies, that
are compofed of pl..te.. fet lengthways of the body,
and pafling from the furface to the axis of it.

Pf^oodmard on Fojfils.

Cora'nt. »./ [courani,Vrtnch.] A lofty
fprightly dance.

It is harder to dance a corant well than a jigg;
fo in converfation, even, eafy, and agreeable, more
than poiati 0/ wi t. Temple.

I would ai foon believe a widow in great grief
for her hu/band, becaufe I faw her dance a. corant
about his coffin. Wtillb,

Co'rban. n.f. [mp.] An alms-ba&et ; ,
a receptacle of charity; agift; ai^alnvj.

They think to fatisfy all obligations to duty by
their c'jrlan of religion. King Charles.

Corian (lands for an o/Tering or gift made to God,
or his temple.. The Jews fometimes fwore hy corian,
or the. gifts offered unto God. If a m.m made all
his fortune corian, or devoted it to God, he was for-
bidden to_ ufe it. If all that he was to give hig
wife, or his father and mother, was declared corian,
he was no longer penr.itted to allow them neceflary
fubfillence. Even debtors were permitted to defraud
their creditors, by confecrating their debt to God.
Our Saviour reproaches the Jews, in the Gofptl,
with thefe uncharitible and irreligious vows. By
this word fuch pcrfonswere likewife meant, as 4e-
voted themfelves to tlie fervice of God and his
temple. Corian fignifies alio the treafury of the
temple, where the offerings, which were made in
money, were depofited. Caln-.et,

Cor BE. adj, [courie, French.] Crooked,

For fiker thy head very tottie is,
So thy corie Ihoulder it leans amifs.

Spenfer's PajtcraU,

Co'rbeils. n, f. Little balkets ufed in
fortification, filled with earth, and fet
upon the parapet, to ihelter the men in
firing upon the befiegers.

Co'rbel. «. / [In architediure.] The,
reprefentation of a baflcet, fometimes
placed on the heads of the caryatides.

Co'r BEL. \ .

Co'rb.l. I "■■'•

1. A fhort piece of timber flicking out
fix or eight inches from a wall, fome-
times placed for ftrength under the femi-
girders of a platform.

2. A niche or hollow left in walls for
figures or ftatues. Chambers,

CORD, n.f [cort, Welfh ; chorda, Latin ; .
corde, Fr.]

1. A rope; a firing compofed of feverail
ftrands or twills.

She let them down by a cord through the win-
"•o;^- jof. ir. 5.

Form'd of the (ineft complicated thread,
Thefe num'rous cords are thro' the body fpread.

Blackmore,

2. The cords extended in fetting up tents,
furnifli feveral metaphors in fcripture.

_ Thine eyes fliall fee Jerufalem a quiet habita-
tion, * tabernacle that fliall not be taken down ;
none of the flakes thereof fliall ever be removed,
neither Aall any of the cords thereof be broken.

//u/iri, xxxiii. JO.

3. A quantity of wood for fuel, fuppofed
to be meafured with a cord ; a pileeight
feet long, four high, and four broad.

Cord. MAKER, w./ [cord &nd taaJie.] One

whofe trade is to make ropes j a rope*

maker.
CoRD-wooD. «./ [cord tind 'Wood.] Wooci

piled up for fuel, to be fold by the cord.
To Corp. "v, a. [from tlie noun.] To bind

with ropes ; to fallen with cords ; toclofe

by a bandage.
Co'rdage. n,f, [from cord.] A quanuty

of cords ; the ropes of a (hip.

Our cordage from her /lore, and cables, fliouW
be made.
Of any in that kind mo/l /it for marine trade.

Drayton,
They faftened their /hips, and rid at anchor
with cables of ir»n chains, having ncidier canvas
nor mdage. Raleigh.

3^2 Spuia

COR

COR

COR

•pain fumid.eiJ a fort of ruft called fpartum,
■fet'ul f«r ccfJa^e anJ other parts of /hipping.

^rhutinr>t on Cc'int.

Co'rbed. mJj. [from cord.'\ Made of
ropes.

This night h« meaneth, with a fcrrffi/ ladder,
To climb celeftiahSilvia's chamber windjw. Shak.
Cordeli'er. n.f. A Francifcan friar:
fo named from the cord which ierves him
for a cin£ture.

And who to aiHft bur a grave corjelitr. . Pritr.

CCRDIAL. «. / [from car, the heart,
Latin.)

1. A medicine that increafes the force of
the heart, or quickens the circulation.

2. Any medicine that increafes llrengtli.

A etrtiiaty properly fpeaking, is not always what

increafeth the force of the heart ; for, by in-

crealing tliat, the animal may be weakened, as in

' inilammator>' diTeafes. Whatever increaliith the

natural or animal ftrcngth, the force cf niavinf:

Ui- Aaids and mufctes, i:> a cordial: thtle .trc fucfi

fubftasces as bting the ferum of the blood into the

prupcrcA condition t»r circulation and nutrition j

, ■ as broths made of animal fubAanccs, millc. ripe

fruits, and whatever is endued witn a wholefam'e

-■ but not pungent tafte. j4riuihfioron Alhntins.

' ji' Any thing that comforts, gladdens, and
exhilarates.

Then with fome eerdlah feek for to appeafe, I
The inward languor of my wounded heart, '

And then my body {hall have (hortly eafc;
Eut fuch fweet rcrrf.v/> pafs phyficians art. Sfex/er.
CorHiah of pity give me now, j

For I too weak for purges grew* Cvwlty,
Your warrior offspring that upheld the crov\"n,
The fcarlet honour of your peaceful gown.
Are the mo{l picafing obje^s 1 can find.
Charms to my fight, and cordials to my mind.

DryHcif.
Co'rdiai. aJj.
■ I. Reviving ; invigorating ; reftorative.
It is a thing I make, which hath the king
Five times redccm'd from death : 1 do not knuw
What is more cordial. Sbahefpeare'i Cymbeltne,

He only took cordialwucxs, in which we infufed
fometimes pu.gatives. iVifemart^s Surgery.

2. Sincere ; hearty ; proceeding from the
heart ; without hypocrify.

DoAtines are infufed among chriHians, wh:ch
•re apt to obftruft or intercept the rwrfij/ fupcr-
iiruAing of Chriftian life of renovation, where the
foundation is duly laid. Hammojid.

He, with looks of cordial love,
Hong aver her enamourM. Milton.

Cordia'lity. «./. [froTO.- cor Jial.J

1, Relation to the heart.

That the antlents had any fuch rcfpefts of cor-
diality, or reference unto the heart, will much be
doubted. Braiun,

2. Sinccf iry ; freedom from hypocrify.
t'o'RDJALLY. otiv. [from forrt'/a/.] Sin-
cerely ; heartily ; without hypocrify.

Whire a flrong inveterate love of fin has made
any doflrine or propofition wholly unfuiiable to the
heart, no argument, or demonstration, no nor
miracle whatfuever, (hall be able to bring the heart
rondially to dofe with, and receive it. South's Scrm.
Co' R DINER, n.f, [coriioumcr, French.] A
fhoemaker. It is fo ufed in divers fta-
tntcs.
CORDON, ti.f. [Fr.] In fortification, a
row of Hones jutting out before the ram-
part and the bafis of the par.ipet.

Chamhtrs.
CO'RDWAIN. n. f. {Cordovan leather,
from Cordova in Spain.] Spanifti lea-
ther.

Her ftraight legs troft bravely were embay'J
In golden buflcins of cofti) wijuixn. Fairy S^ctn.

Cordwa'iner. It./, [uncertain whether
from Cordoiran, Spanilh leather, or from
cord, of which (hoes were formerly made,
and are now ufed in the Spaniih Well
Indies. Tieojoux.] A Ihoemakcr.

CORE. 11./. [ceeur, French; tor, Latin.]

I . The heart.

Give me that man
That is not pafTion's Have, and I will wear him
In my heart's corii ay, in my heart of heart.

Shatefpiere's Uamlil,

js. The inner part of any thing.

In the fire bf the fquare Ihe raiftd- a tijwer of a
furlong high. Ralrigh's Hi/lcrye/ibityirJd.

Dig uut ciic c^-cs bcJow the furface*

Mirtinur't Hiifiaiidry.\
They wafteful eat.
Through buds and bark, into the blacken'd rore.

Thomfon.

3 . The innenpartof a fruit which contains
the kernels. .. .<; (, . : ,i i .

It if rspjrted that trees, watCfeJ pet^et'i.i'.Jy
with v/^rni water, will make a fruij with litte or
no i'sri* or flonc. Bacon.

4. .Tke. matter contained in a boil or iorc.

I.aunce the fore,
And cut the K-adj for, till the txre be found.
The fticrct vice is fed, and gathers ground.

Drydeti's Virgil,

5. It is ufbd by Bacon for a body or col-
le^ion. [from corps, French, pronounced

' core.l >. ■ .

He W.1S more doubtful of the raifing of forces
to rclift the rebels, tha.i of the refifiance itfelf ; for
that he was in a core of people whofe ufftrdlions he
fufpcfted. Bacon's Henry VII.

Coria'ceous. act/, [coriaceus, Latin.]

1 . Confifting of leather.

2. Of a fubllance rcfembling leather.

A ftron^er projeftile motion of the blood muft
.occafioQ greater fecretions and lofs of liquid parts,
and from thence perhaps fpilTitude and coriaceous
concretions. jirbulhuo: on yj/i,trals.

Coria'nder. tt. /. [coriandrum, hadni"]
A plant. !

Tile fpccies are, i . G reatcr coriander. 2. Smaller
tefticulated coriander. The firil is cultivated for
the feeds, which arc ufed in medicine : the fccond
fort is feldom found. Miller.

Ifracl called the name thereof manna ; .ind it
was, like fonaTa'rr feed, white. Exodus, xiii. 31.

CO'RINTH. n. / [from the city of that
name in Greece.] Afmall fruit, com-
monly called cur runt.

Now will the corintbs, now the rafps fupply
Delicious draughts. i'hilijK.

The chief riches of Zant ccnfiA in corinihs,
which the inhabitants have in great quantities.

Broome.

Cori'nthian Qrthr, is generally rec-
koned the fourth, but by ibme the fifth,
of the five orders of architefture ; and
is the moft noble, rich, and delicate of
them all. Vitruviiis afcribes it to Cal-
limachus, a Corinthian fcuiptor, who is
faid to have taken the hint by pafling by
the tomb of a young lady, over which a
bafket with fome of her playthings had
been placed by her nurfe, and covered
with a tile ; the whole having been
placed over a root of acanthus. As it
fprung up, the branches encompafled
the bafket ; but arriving at the tile,
bent downwards under the corners of it,
forming a kind of volute. Hence Cal-
limachus imitated the baflcet by the vafe
of his capital, the pie in ihe abasus, and

the leaves in the volute. Villalpandm
imagines the Corinthian capital to have
taken its original from an order in the
temple of Solomon, whofe leaves were
thofe of the palm-tree. The capital is
adorned with two rows of leaves, be-
tween which little ftalks arife, of which
the fixtecn volutes are formed, which
fupport the abacus. Harru,

Behind thefe ftgtires are large columns of the
Corinthian order, adorned with fruit and flbwers.

Drjdeti,

CORK, n./. [for/^*-, Lat. /(sff*, Dutch.
Hie dies, anno redeimte, ft/lus
rCorticem a/irillum pice dimo-jehit
Amphora /umum bibert in/litula

Con/uli Tullo, Hor.]

1. A glandiferous tree, in all refpeds like
the ilex, exxepting the bark, which, in
the ccrk tree, is thick, fpongy, and foft.

' MtlUr,

The cori trcegfows near tlie Pyroieit) hills, ai:d

in fevcral parts of. Ita|y, and the jio^tjt of New

England. , , .Aiorrimer,

2. The bark of the cork tree ufed for Hop-
ples, or burnt into Spaniih black. It is
taken off without injury to the tree.

3. A piece of cork cut for the flopple of
a bottle or barrel.

I.pr'ythcc take the r^ri out of thy mouth, that
I may drink thy tldintiS. Sbateff. As you like it,

hz fire, nay very lure, thy cork be gocd j
Then future ige» Inall of firggy tell,
That nymph that brew'd and [lottled ale fo well.

King.

Nor flop, for one bad cork, his butler's pay. Voj.e,

Corking-pin. n./. A pin of the largefl
fize.

When you put a clean pillow-cafe on your lady's
pillow, be fure to faften it well with three corking-
fins, that it may not fall ofiin the night.

S':ui/:'s Dire^ions to the Chainhcrmaid ,

Co'rky. adj. [from feri.] CouUllingof
cork ; refcmbling cork.

Bind fill his corky arms. Sbaitff, King Lear.
Co' R MORA NT. >i. /. [ Cormorant, Fr. from
corvus tnarinus, Latin.]

1. A bird that preys upon fi(h. It is
nearly of the bignefs of a capon, with
a wry bill and broid feet, black on his
body, but greenifh about his wings. He
is eminently greedy and rapacious.

Let fame, th.i: all hunt after in their lives.
Live regifter'd upon our brazen tombs ;
Wlien, fpite of cormorant devouring time,
Th' endeavour of this prefent breath may buy
That honour which ihall 'bate his fcythe's keen
edge. Stakeffea-e.

Thofe called birds of prey, as the eagle, hawk,
put^ck, and cormorant. Ptacham on Drawing.

Thence up he flew, and on the tree of life
Sat like a cormorant. Milan's Paradifi Loft.

Not fartVoni thence is feen a lake, the haunt
Of coots, and of the filhing eormorant. Dryd. Fat.

2. A glutton.

CORN. n,/. [copn. Sax. korn. Germ. It
is found in all the Teutonick dLilcfts ;
as, in an old Runick rhyme,
H/tgiil er kalda/}ur corna.
Hail is the coldeft grain.]
I . The feeds which grow in cars, not in
pods ; fuch as are made into bread.

Except a com of wheat fail into the ground and
die, it abideth alone. John, xii. 15,

Tiw people cry ysu mock'd them ; and, of late.
When Mta was given then gratis, you repin'd. .

Shake/ttare. .

2, Grain.

COR

COR

COR

2. Grain yet unreaped, {landing in the [
field upon its ftalk.

All the idle weeds th.it prow
In our fuAaining cornm. Shakfjpeare' t King hear.
Landing his men, he burnt the earn all there-
sboutSy which was now almoft rip«.

KnMciS tiljiory of tbt Turhs.
Still a murmur runs
Along the fofc inclining fields of urn.

Thomfr.ns Autumn.

3. Grain in the ear, yetunthre(hed.

Thou ilialt come to thy grave in a full age,
like IS a ihock. of tvrn comech in his feafnn.

Job, V. 56.
^. An excrefcence on the feet, hard and
painful ; probably ft) called from its
ihrm, though by fbme fuppofed to be
denominated from its cornmus or horny
fubltance.

Ladies, that have your feet
UnplaguM with fcriri, weMl have a bout with you.

Sbakejpeare.
The man tliat makes hl^ toe
What he his heart ibould make,

Shall of n corn cry woe.
And turn his deep to wake. Sh, King Liar,
Even in men, aches and hurts and lomi do cn-
grieve either towards rain or towards frort.

Bacon I Natural IVijiory,

The hardeft part of the corn is ufually in tiie

middle, thiafting itfelf in a nail ; whence it has

the Latin appellation of clavh. H':Jcmiin.

He firft that ufcful fccrct did explain,
That pricking cornt foretoli the gath'ring rain.

Gay*: Piijtor.ili.

It lonks as there were regular accumulations

and gatherings of humours, growing perhaps in

fjme people as r^irj. Arluthnot,

Thus Lamb, renown'd for cutting corns.
An oiTerM fee fiom Radcliff fcorns. S-wift,

Tf Corn. t/. a. [from the noun.]

1. To fait; to fprinkle with fait. The
word is fo ufed, as Skinner obfc/ves, by
the old Saxons.

2. To granulate.
Corn-field, ff.yl A field where corn is

growing.

It was a lover and his laf~.
That o'er che green com-jicld did paff.

51 it' ' A^ \su ttke it.

You may foon enjoy th-^ . o{ armies,

encampment', and ilandarJ^ c -' your bro-
ther's ctrnf.dds. Popt.

CoRN-FLAo. »./ [fDrmnd^ag.'] Aplant-
Miller enumerates eleven fpecies of
this plant, fome with red flowers, and
fome with white.
Corn-floor, n./. The floor where corn
is llored.
Thou haft loved a reward upon nay corn -jlcor,

Hof, ix. I.
GoR!»-PLOWER. ». /, [from corn and
Jhiuer.^

There be certain com-fowers, which come fel-
dom or never in other places, unlefs they be fct,

I Itnew a nobleman in England, that had the
greatcft audits ai any man in my time ; a great
graljer, a great jheep-niafter, a great limber-man,
a great culller, a great corn-n.ajiir, and a grc.-.t
ieadman. Bacon.

Corn-marigold, n.f. [from com and

marigold. '\ A flower.
Corn-mill, n.f, [corn and mill.'\ A

mill to grind corn into meal,
Save the more laborious work of beating of

hemp, by making the axle-tree of the corn-milU

longer than ordinary, and placing pins in it to railc

large hammers. Mortimer.

Corn-pipe. n.f. [from torn and /j/^.J

A pipe made by flitting the joint of a

green ftalk of corn.

Now the (liriH lOr jj-f'ipis, echoing loud to arms.
To rank and file reduce the ftraggling fwarms.

Tickil,
CoRN-ROCKET. n, f. [ from corn and

rociet.] A plant.
Corn -ROSE. n,/. A fpecies of poppy.
Corn-s.4llad. n. /? \_fiom corn anifal-
lad.] "*

Cornfallad is an herb, whofe top-leaves are a
fnllet of thcm(clvcs. Mortimer i H:ijhjnclry,

Co'rnage. n. /, [from fflr«^, Fr. cornu,
Latin.] A tenure which obliges the
landholder to give notice of an invafion
by blowing a horn.
Co'r nchandler. n.f. [corn and chand-

ler.] One that rct.^ils corn.
Co'r n c u tt e r . «. /; [from corn and cat.]
A man whofe profeflion is to extirpate
corns from the foot.

The nail was not loofe, nor did fcem to prefs

into the ficrti ; for there bad been a corncuttcr, who

had cleared it. ff^ijeman.

I have known a corncutter, viho, with a right

education, *vould have been an excellent ph)ncian.

Sfeflalor,

Co'r N EL. 1 r T T . 1

f> , > n.f. \cornus^ Lat. 1

CORNE LIAN-TREE. j •' ■• ^

The cornel-trii bcareth the fruit commonly
called theror«/ or cornelian cherry, as well from
the name of the tree, as the coinclian ftone, the
colour whereof it fomewhat reprefcnts. The wood
is very durable, and ufcful for wheel-work.

Mortimer.
Take a fcrvicc-tree, or a corneiian-tree, or an
elder-tree, which we know have fruits of harfli
and binding juice, and fet them near a vine or fig-
tree, and fee whether the grapes or figs will not be
the Iwcctcr- Bacon* t Natural Hijiory.

A huntrefs ilTuiiig from the wood,
Rccllnirg on her cornel fpear fhe flood. Drydcn,

Mean time the goddefs, in diUain, bellows
The maft and acorn, brutal food! and ftrows
The fruits of cornii, as they feaft around.

Pope's Odyffey.
On wildings and on ftrawbcrries they fed j
Cornels and bramble-beirles gave the rclt, ^

And falling acornt fumifh'd out a feaft.

Dryden's Ovid.

Corke'lian stone. See Carneli a n.

but only amongft corn ; as the Olue-bottle, a kind CO'RNEMUSE. n.f. [French. 1 A kind

of yellow maiygold, wild poppy, and furmitory.

Bacon s Natural HiJioTy.

Corn-fi&wers are of many forts ; fnme of them

flower in June and July, and others in Auguft.

The feeds Ihould be fown in March : they require

a good foil. Mortimer.

Corn-land. ».y; [cern and land.] Land
appropriated to the produaion of grain.

Pafturcs and meadows are of fuch advantage to
hulbandry, that many prefer them to comJandi.
Mortimer s Uufhandry.

Corn-master, n.f. [nir« and mnfier.]
One thai cultivates corn for falc. Not
in ufe.

of ruftick Ante
Co'rneous. adj. [orneus, Lat.] Horny;
of a fubflance refembling horn.

Such as have corneous or horny eyes, as lobfl-ers,
and crti^aceous anifflaii» are generally diir.fightcd.

Biotun.

Tfie various fubmarine (hrubs are of a corneous

or ligneous conftitution, conllfUng chicHy of a

fiSrons matter. H^codwasd.

CO'RNER. n.f. [(ornel.WeKh ; ctfrnier,

French.]
I. An angle; a place inclofcd by two

walls or liaesj.' which would intafeift

each other, if drawn beyond the point
where they meet.
. A fecret or remote place.

There's nothing I have done yet, 0' my con-

fcience,

Deferves a corner. Staiefpeare's Henry Vni»

It is better to dwell in a corner of a houfe top,

than with a brawling woman and in a wide houfe.

Provtrb:, xxv. 24.

I am perfuadcd that none of thefe things are

hidden from him ; for this thing was not done in

i corner. Ads, xxv'l. z6.

All the inhabitants, in every corBifr of the ifland,

have been abfolutely reduced under his immediate'

fubjeftion. Davix.

Thofe vices, that lurk in the fecret corners of

the foul. _ Mdifon.

3. The extremities ; the utmoft limit ::
thus every corner is the whole or ewery
part.

Ml^t I but through my prifon, once a day,
Behold this maid, all corners elfe o' th' earth
Let liberty make ufe of. Shakefpeare' s Tenpeft.

I turn'd, and tried each corner of my bed.
To find if fleep weretheve'j but flcep vfras loft.

Dryden,

Corner-stonb. n.f. [corner andy?»«f.]

The ftone that unites the two walls at'

the corner ; the principal ftone.

See you yond' coin 0' th* capitol, yond' cornft..

Jsone f Shakeffcare,

A mafon was fitting a corner-Jlone.

HowePs * 'ocal P.crejt.

Corner-teeth of a Horfe, are the fore
teeth between the middling teeth and
the tuflies ; two above and two below,
on each fide of the jaw, which ffioot
when the horfe is four years and a half
old. Farrier'' sDia.

Co'rnerwise. adv. [corner and ivife!.^
Diagonally ; with the corner in front.

Co'r NET. n.f. [VDr»«/^, French.]

1. A mufical inftrumcnt blown with the
mouth : ufed anciently in war, probably
in the cavalry.

Ifrael played before the Lord on pfalteries, and
on timbrels, and on cornets. 2 Sam. vi. 5,

Other wind inflruments require a forcible'
breath ; as trumpets, cornets, and hunters horns.

Bacon's Natural Ilijf.~ry, .
Cornets and trumpets cannot reach his car j
Under an aftor's nofe, he 's never near.

Dryden's Juvenal , ■

2. A company or troop of horfe ; perhaps
as many as had a cornet belonging to^
them. This fenfe is now difufed.

Thefe noblemen were appointed, with fome
cornets of horfe and bands of foot, to put them-
ftlves beyond the hill where the rebels were en-
camped. Bacon. -

Seventy great horfes lay dead in the field, and
one cornet was taken. Hayward.

They difrerncd a body of five cornets of harfc
very full, ftanding in very good order to receive
them. Clarendon.

. The officer that bears the ftandard of a
trcop.

. Cornet o/'a^STor/J', is the loweflpart of
his partem, that runs round the coffin,
and is diltinguiilied by the hair that
joins and covers the upper part of the
hoof. Farrier's DiSl.

A fcarf anciently worn by doilors. Diil,

Dia.

is defcribed by
Skinner to be a cap of paper, made by
retailers for fmall wares.

Cc'rnettsr,

6. A head drcfs.

7. Cornet of Paper

COR

Co'nifiTTiii. tu /. [from comet.] A
blower of the cornet.

bu great was.ilic rabble ortrumpetterSi umntn,
and olhiT muHcians, that nrcn Claudius himrdr'
nrght have heard them. ti-iknvUl ta Prtn'ifitnce.

iCo'rnice. <i./. [«rn;V^f, French.] The
highell projeftionof a wall or column.

'ihe n-nict of the Pa. CO Fatnefe, which
nuk.'S To beautiful «n cf)c£t beloW) when viewed
mo.e nearly, will be found not to hate its jud
meafutes. Drjiutt Dufrrfnoy.

The walU were mafTy bnifs, the carmct high
Blue metalt crown 'd, in colours of the Iky.

Pifis OJylfey.

Cornice Ring. [In gunnery.] The next
ring from the muzzle backwards.

Chamhers.
Co'rnicle. «./. [from «r»», Latin.] A
little horn.

Tl ere will be found, on cither fide, two b!ack

filament], or membranous ftrings, which extend

unto the long and ihorter ctrnUUf upon protrufion.

BrczvfCs Vulgar Errturt.

ConKicvLK-tt. adj. [from cornu, Lat.]
A term in botany.

Cornkulttte plants are fucb as produce many dlf-
lanCt and horned pods ; and csrnUulate flowers are
fuch hollow flowers as have on their upper part a
kind of fpur, or little horn. Chamhtn.

CoRNi'piCK. adj. [from ccrnu axiA facia ,
Lutin.] Frodudive of horns ; making
horns. Di6l.

CoRKi'cEROUs. adj. [cornigef, Latin.]
Horned ; having horns.

Nature, in other comigeroui animals, hatli placed
the hoins higher, and reclining j as in bucks.

Srcwn^s f^ulgar Errouru

CORNUCC/PIjE. «./. [Lit.] The horn
of plenty ; a horn topped with fruits
and flowers in the hands of a goddefs.

To CeRNu'TE. f. a. [cernutuj, Latin.]

To bellow horns ; to cuckold.
■Corni;'ted. «i^'. [cornufus, Lit.] Grafted
with horns ; horned ; cuckolded.

CtiRNu'ro. n.f. [from carnutus, Latin.]
A man homed ; a cuckold.

The peaking cornuto, her hulband, dwelling in a
continual larum of jcaloufy.

Shaktjbtart^ t Merry H^rvej of H^mtifor.

Co'rny. adj. [from rornu, horn, Latin.]

1. Strong or hard like horn ; horny.

Up {tood the c(/niy reed,
Embattel'd in her field. Milmn's Parad'ijt Left,

2. [from rem.] Producing grain or corn.

Tell me why the ant.
•Midft fummer's plenty, thinks of winter^ want j
By canflai>t journeys cmeful to prepare
Her ftores. and bringing home the corny car. Pricr.

3. Containing corn.

They lodge in habitations not their own, *
By their high crops and ccray gitzards known.

VrytJ^n,

Co'roll ARV. H./. [cm-ollarium, Lat. from

corolla ; jinii coronal opus : corollair, Fr.]

1. The conclufion : a corollary feems to
be a conclufion, whether following from
the premifes neceflarily or not.

Now finoc we have confidered the malignity of
this fin of detraOion, it is but a natural lorellnry,
that we enforce our vigilance againil it.

Ca'vernmeiit cf the Torgye.

As a onllary to this preface, in which 1 have

.done jufhce to others, I owe fomewhat to myfclf.

Drydint Ftilii, Preface.

2. Surplus.

Bring a uriUary^
Rather than want. Slake/feari', Teirpc/l.

CORO'NA. n. / [Latin.] A large Hat
member of the cornice, fo called becaufc

COR

it crowns the entablature and the'whole
order. It it called by workmen tht
drip. ' Chambtrs.

In a tornice the gola or cymatlum of the c?-
ma, the coping, the modillions or dentelli, make
a noble ibew by their graceful pro}e£tions.

I Sfeliaror,

Co'rokal. «. / [corona, Latin.] A
crown ; a garland.

Crown ye god Bacchus with a rerstitl.
And Hymen alio crown with wreaths of vine.

Sfenfer.

Co'ronal. adj. Belonging to the top of
the head.

A man of about forty -five years of age came to
me, with a mund tubertle between the fagittil and
ai-cnal future. fViJmar..

Co'rON ARY. adj. [coronarius, Latin.]

1. Relating to a crown; feated on the top
of the head like a crown.

The bafililk of older times was a proper kind
of ferpent, not above three palms long, as I'ome
account; and difteteoced from other Icrpents by
advancing his head, and fome white marks, or
coronary fpots, upon the crown. Broivn.

2. It is applied in anatomy to arteries;
which arc fancied to encompafs the heart
in the manner of a garland.

The fubftance o( tlie heart itfelf is moft cer-
tainly made and nouriflicd by the blood, which is
convened to it by the coronity arteries.

BentUy's Sermons.

Corona'tion. n./ [from foro/w, Latin.]

1. The aft or folemnity of crowning a
king.

Fortune fmiling at her work therein, that a
fcaffoid of execution fliould grow « fcatl'old af coro-
natm. Sidney.

Willingly I came to Denmark,
To flievf my duty in your coronation.

Shakeffieare^s Hcar.let.
A cough, Sir, which 1 caught with ringing in
the king's aS'airs upon his corcnati-jn day.

Shaiijpcare' i Henry IV.
Now emprefs f.ime had publilh'd the renown

Of Sh 'a coronation through the town.

Dryjcn's Marfl.

2. The pomp or affembly prefent at a co-
ronation.

In penfive thought recal the fancied fcene.
See coronations rile on ev'ry green. Pope.

Co'roner. n.f. [[torn corona.] An officer
whofe duty is to enquire, on the part of
the king, how any violjjnt death was oc-
cafioned ; for which purpofe a jury is
impannelled.

Go thou and feek the coroner, and let him fit
0" my uncle ; for he 's in the third degree of
drink ; he 's drowned. Sbaktfpeare.

Co'ronet. n.f. [coronetta, Ital. the di-
minutive oi corona, a crown.]

I. An infer'our crown worn by the nobi-
lity. The coronet of a duke is adorned
with ftrawberry leaves; that of a mar-
quis has leaves with pearls interpofed ;
tnat of an earl raifes the pearls above
the leaves ; that of a vilcount is fur-
rounded with only pearls ; tiiat of a ba-
ron has only four pearls.

In his livery
Walk'd crowns and coromts; realms and illands

were
As plates dropt from his pocket.

Skakeff>/art's Aiiionj and C/eofialra.
All the reft are counteffcs.

Their coronets fay fo, Shakijp. H«ry VUl.
Nor could our nobles hope their bold attempt.
Who ruin'd crownsj would cormM exemf t. Drji^

COR

Teen and dulcet, and all their fwecpiog train,
And garters, ftars, and coronets appear. PcpL

2. An ornamental head-drefs, in poetical
language.
The rcit was drawn into a coronet of gold, richly

fct with pearl. Sidiy.

Under a annel his flowing hair.
In curls, on either cheek play'd. Milton's Tar. Lofi,

Co'r po R K\..n. f. [corrupted from caporal,
French.] The lowed officer of the in-
fantry, whofe office is to place and re-
move the fentinels.

The cruel corp'ral whifper'd in my ear.
Five pounds, if rightly tipt, would fct me clear.

Gaj.

Coxvotiki. of a Ship. An officer that hath
the charge of fctting the watches and
fentries, and relieving them ; who fcea
that all the foldiers and failors keep
their arms neat and clean, and teaches
them how to ufe them. He has a mate
under him. Harris.

CO'RPORAL. adj. [corferel.Fr. corpus,
Latin.]

1. Relating to the body; belonging to
the body.

To relief of latars and weak age,
Of indigent faint fouls pall rcr^trtf/ toil,
A hundred alms-houfes right well fuppiied.

Stakefpearc's Henry V,

Render to me fome corporal fign about her.
More evident than this. Shakefpcarc's Cymbel'.ne.

That God hath been otherwil'e feen, with cor.
fora! eyes, exceedeth the fmall proportion of my
underftanding. Raleigh,

Beads enjoy greater fcnfual picafures, and feel
fewer corporal pains ; and are utter ftrangcrs to all
thofe anxious and tormenting thoughts, which per-
petually haunt and difquiet mankind. A:tcrhury.

2. Material; notfpiritual. In the prefent
langu.tge, when body is ufed philofophi-
cally in oppofuion to fpirit, the word
corporeal is ufed, as, a corporeal being ;
but other wife corporal. Corporeal is,
having a body ; corporal, relating to
the body. This dillindion feems not
ancient.

Jir'hither are they vanifh'd ?
air; and what feem'd corporal
Melted, as breath, into the wind.

Shakefpeare* s Macbeth*
And from tbefe »r/icro/ nutriments, perhaps.
Your bodies may at laft turn all to fpirit.

Milton's Paiadife Lsji.
Corpora'lity. n.f. [from corporal.]
The quality of being embodied.

If this light be not fpiritual, yet it approacheth
neareft unto fpirituality ; and if it h.rve any cor.
pirality, then, of all other, the moft fubtilt snJ
pure. Raleigh's H':Jiory»

Co'rporally. ed'v. [(com corporal.] Bo-
dily.
The fun Uctrforally conjoined with bafilifcus.

Bro".vn.

CO'RPORATE. adj. [from corpus, Lat.]

1. United in a body or community; en-
abled to aft in legal procefTes as an in-
dividual.

Breaking forth like a fudden temped, he over-
run all Munfter and Connaught, defacing and
utterly fubverting *W corporate towns thai were pot
Arongly walled. Spenjer on Jrclaiid*

The nobles of Athens being not at this tim: a
corporate atTembly, therefore the refentment of tlie
commons was ufually turned againft particular
pcrfons. Sv/ft,

2. General ; united.

They anfwer in a joint and corporate voice.
That BOW tkey ate at fall. Sbaktfpeare' s Tmon.

Co'rfo-

G O R:

COR

COR

Co'rpohateness. »./. [fmn eorprate.]
The ftate of a body corporate ; a com-
munity. Di<3.

CoRPOR a'tion. ft./, [from corpus, Lat.]
A corporation is a body politick, authorized by
the Icing's charter to hare a common leal, one
head officer or more, and members, able, by their
common confcnt, to grant or receive, in law, any
thing within the compafs of their charter : even
as one man may do by law all things, that by law
be is not forbidden j and bindeth the fucceflbrs,
as a finglc man binds his executor or heir. Coweli.
Of angels we are not to confider only what they
are, and do, in regard of their own being ; butthit
alfo which coiicemeth them, as they arc linked
into a kind o( ccrporation amongft themfelves, and
of fociety with men. Hooker,

Of this wc rind fome foot-ftcps in our law.
Which doth her root from God and nature take j

Ten thoufaiid men ihe doth together draw.
And oi them a'l one corporat'wn make. Daviti*

Co'rporature. »./. [iromcorfus, Lat.]
The ftate of being embodied. Z)/<S.

Corpo'real. adj. \_a>rporeus, Latin.]

1. Having a body ; not immaterial ; not
fpiritaah See Corporal.

The fwiftncfs of thofe circles attribute^
Though number Icls, to hi omnipotence,.
That to ctrforcal fuDitances could add
S{^ed aimoli fpirituai. Milt.rCi ParaiTtfe Lofi,

Having furveycd the image of God in the foul,
we are not to omit thofc characters that God
imprinted upon the body, as mu£h as a fpirituai
fubilaace could be pi6lured upon a cvportaL

South^i Sfrmons,

God being fuppofed to be a pure fpirit, cannot
be the objedt of any corporeal fenfe. TiHotJln,

'J'he courfe is lintih'd which thy fates decreed.
And thou from thy corporeal prifon frce4.

Dryden't Fahlei.

Fix thy corptreal and internal eye
On tlie young gnat, or new engender'd fly. Prior.
Z. It is ufed by Siwi/i inaccurately for cor-
pora/.

1 am not in a condition to make a true Rep
even on Aimlbury Dr>wns j and 1 declare, that
a corpcrtal falfe (lep is worfe than a political one.

Svjift.
Corpore'ity. »./. [from corporeus, La-
tin.] Materiality; the quality of being
embodied ; the ftate of having a body ;
bodiiinefs.

Since philofophy aflirmeth, that we are middle
fubdanccs b'. tween the foul and the body, they
muft admit of fome corporeity, which fuppofeth
weight or gravity. Brrwn.

It is the faying of divine Plato, that man is
nature's horizon, diTiding betwixt the upper he-
jsifphcre of immaterial intelle€ti> and this lower
of corporeity. GlartvilleU Scepjli.

The one attributed arfereity to Cod, and the
Other (hape and figure. Siil/irgjleet.

Corforipica'tion. »,/ [from cerpori-
/}.] The aft of giving body or palpa-
bility.
Vo Corpo'rify. v. a. [fromcorpus, Lat.]
To embody ; to infpiffate into body.'
Not ufed.

A certain fpiritnoos fubftance, exirajled out of
i^ it millaken for the fpirit «f the world corptrified,

Boyle.

Cor psE. \ "'^ {.""P'' ^^' f-"-/"'. Latin.]

1. A body.

That lewd ribiuld
Laid firft his filthy hands on virgin cleene,
To fpoil her dainty corfe, (o fair and Oieene,
Of chaftity and honour virginal. Spenfcr.

2. A body, in contempt.

Though plenteous, all too little fecnit
To ftuJT this maw, tlui vaft uohidc-boand cr,rfi.

Mi.ltn.

He lix)ks as man was made, with face erefl.
That fcorns his brittle corfs, and feems afham'd
He 's not all fpirit. Drydtni Don Hehajiian.

3. A carcafe ; a dead body ; a corfe.

Not a friend
Greet my poor corps, where my bones (hall be
thrown. Siakejpeare.

There was the murdcr'd corps in covert laid.
And violent death in thouland Ihapes difplay'd.

Dryden'i Failles.
See where the mrpt of thy dead fon approaches.

Mdijin.
The rcr^^ was laid out upon the floor by the
emperor's command : he then bid every one light
his flambeau, and Hand about the dead body.

jiddtj''ns Guiirdian.

4. The body, in oppofition to the foul.

Cold numbnel's ftreight bereaves
Her ccrps of fenfe, and th' air her foul receives.

Vcnbam.

5. A body of forces.

Co'rpulence. 7 /• r j. t ,■ r .... i
ry ' >n.J.\corpuientia,\j9X.\

Corpulency. 5 '''•/- j

1, Bulkinefs of body ; fleihinefs ; fulnefs
of fle(h.

To what a cumberfeme unwieldinefs.
And burdenous corpulence, my love had grown.

0onne.
It is but one fpccies of corpulency ; for there may
be bulk without fat, from the great quantity of
mufcular fleib, the cafe of robuH people.

Arbutbnot on Alimenli.

2. Spiflitude ; groflhefs of matter.

The mufculou^i fleih lerves for the vibration of
the tail ; the heavinefs and cerf/ulency of the water
requiring a great force to divide it.

Ray on tkt Creation.
Co'rpulent. atij. [corpulentus, Latin.]
Fleftjy ; bulky ; having great bodily
bulk.

We fay it is a flefliy ftile, when there is much
periphrafis, and circuit of -words ; and when, with
more than enough, it grows fat and corpulent.

Ben "Jonfonl Dijcvoeries.
Excefsof nouri/bment is hurtiul j for itmaicetli
the child corpulent, and growing in breadth rather
than in height. ^ Baccn.

CCRPUSCLE. «./. [corpu/cu/nm, Lat.]
A fmall body ; a particle of matter ;
an atom ; a little fragment.

It will add much to our fatisfadlion, if tbofe
ccrpuJcUi can be difcovered with raicrofcopes.

Netuton^s Of-^tich.

Who knows what are the figures of the lit.le
ctrpujckt that compofe and diftinguJIh diflfcrent bo-
dies ? fyaiii's Lcgici.

Corpu'scular. \adj. [from eerpu/.
CoRPuscuL a'ri AN. j cu/um, Lzt.^ Re-
lating to bodies ; comprifing bodies.
It is the diftinguiihing epithet of that
philofophy, which attempts the rational
folution ot all phyfical appearances by
the action of one body upon another.

As to natural philofophy, 1 do not cxpedt to fee
any principles fropofcd, more comprehcnfive and
intelligible than the corpufcularian or mechar:i. 3!.

Bojie.
This may be faid, that the modem corpuJci.!a-
riani talk, in mod things, more intelligibly than
the psripaleticks. Beniley,

The mechanical or for/lB/i-aiir philofophy, though
peradventurc the eldefl, as well as the beil in the
world, had lain dead for many ages in contempt
and oblivion, Bcr.tley.

Co'rraci. E. See Corricle.

To CoRR A'DE.ii.n. [conWe, Latin.] To
rub off; to wear away by frequent rub-
bing ; to fcrape together.

Corradi a'tion. n. f. [con and radius,
Latin.] A conjunftion of rays in one
poiat.

The impreflion of colour worketh not but bjr
a cone of direft beams, or right line?, whereof
the bafis is in the objeiS, and the vertical point
In the eye ; fo as there is a corradiation, and con-
junftion of bf.ims. Bacon's Natural Hijiory,

To CORRE'CT. -v. a. [ctrrigo, correaum,
Latin.]

1. Topunifh; tochaftife; to difcipliae.

Sad accidents, and a itateof afflidliDn.ij a fchool
of virtue; it ccrrcSh levity, and interrupts the
confidence of finning. Tav/or.

After he has once been coire^ed for a lye, 'you
muft be fure never after to pardon it in him.

Loflte on Educationm

Children being to be reftrained by the parents
only in vicious things, a look or nod only oui;ht
to corrcCI them when they do amifs.

Locke on Education.

2. To amend; to take away faults ia
writings, life, or things.

This is a defedl in the firll: make of fome men's
minds, which can fcarce ever be corrcSlcd after-
wards, either by learning or age.

Burnet's Theory, Preface,

drreffing Nature, from what aflually Are is in
individuals, to what flic ought to be, and what flie
was create,!. Dry den. .

I writ, becaufe it am»fed me ; I corrtBtd, be-
caufe it was as pleafant to me to correli as to
write. _ Pope's Preface.

The mind may cool, and be at leifure to attend
to its domcrtick concern : to confider what habit
wants to be torrefied, and what inclination to be
fubducd. Bogirt.

3. To obviate the qualities of one ingre-
dient by another, or by any method of.
preparation.

U happy mixture ! wherein things contrary do
fo qualify and correci the one the danger of the
other's excefs, that neither boldnefs can make us
prefume, as long as we are kept under with the
fenfe of our own wrctchcdnefs.; nor, while we truil
in the mercy of God through Chrift Jefus, fear be
able to tyraanize over us. Hooiter*-^

As, in habitual gout or ftone, .

The only thing that can be done,

Is to correfi your drink and diet.

And keep the Inward foe in quiet. Prior. .

In cafes of acidity, water is the proper drink :

its quality oi relaxing may be correhed by boiling

it with fjme animal fubttances ; as ivory or hartf-

horn. Arbutbnot on Aliments.

4. To remark faults*.

Corke'ct. adj. [fcrr?<f7«.f, Latin.] Revlfed^
or fiuifhed with exaftnefs ; . free from
faults.

What verfe can do, he has perform'd in this.
Which he prefumcs the moft cotrefl of his.

Uryden's Aur. Pro!.

Always ufe the moft^orrrff editions : various ;
readings will be only troublelome where the fenfe
is complete. Felion^.

Corre'ction. n.f. [fiom coma.']

1. Puniftiment ; dil'cipline ; chaftifement; .
penalty.

Wilt thou, pupil like, .
Take thy correRiiis mildly, kifs the rod ?

Shakifi>care's Rhiardil^.
An oS'.iifivc wife,
Th:it hath enrag'd him on to oft'er flrokes,
As h;: is flriking, holds his infant up.
And hangs rcfolv'd cornflion in the arm
That was uprear'd to execution. Sbak, Henry IV. .

We are all but children here under the great
mafler of the family ; and he is plcafed, by hopes
and fears, by mercies and correHions, toinftruiS us
in virtue. IVatt:.

One fault was too great lenity to her fcrvants, to
whom Are gave good counfel, bur too gentle 'Cor*
refli<in. Arb:itlmot. ..

2. Alteration to a better ftate ; the adl of ,
taking away faults; amendment.

AaoUiet fO( t,in anoUier age, may take the f:**,

libi»t)t ;

COR

Irtierty with my writings ; if, at Icaft, th.-y live long
enough to dcfervc corrf^iort, Dryjen^i I-'ah^ Trtf.

3. That which is fubftitutcj in the place
o( any thing wrong.

CorreSiiins or improvcmentJ (houM be adjainet),
by way of" note or commentary, in their prapcr
places. ff^atti,

4. Reprehenflon ; animadverfion.

They proceed with judgment and ingenuity,
cftjbliming theit affertions not only with great
folidity, but fubmitting them alfo unto the icr-
reflim of future dlfco»cry. Breiun.

5. Abatement of noxious qualities, by the
addition of fomething contrary.

To make ambitious, wholefome, do not take
A dram of country ^s dulnefs ; do not -add
Corrcdkn, but as chymills purge the bad. Dixnt.

Corre'ction BR. n.f. [from corte^ion,]
One that has been in the houfe of cor-
reftion ; a jail-bird. This feems to be
the meaning in Shake/peare.

I will have you foundly twinged for this, you

blue-bottle rogue ! you filthy famifhfd corrtSlkner !

Shatefpeari'i Ilerry IV.

Corre'ctive. a<^'. [from correS.] Hav-
ing the power to alter or obviate any
bad qualities.

Mulberries are peroral, ctniU'ive of bilious al-
kali. yi/iuihnoti

Corre'ctive. »./.

1 . That which has the power of altering
or obviating any thing amifs.

The hair, wool, feathers, and kales, which al!
animals of prey do fwallow, are a feafonabic and
BCcelTary orrtBive, to prevent their greedinefs from
filling tliemfclves with too fucculent a food.

Ray on thi Crtatka.

Humanly fpeaking, and according to the me-
■thod of the world, and the little correflhvei fupplicd
by art and difciplinc, itfeldom fails but an ill prin-
ciple has its courfci and nature makes good its
blow. Soulb's Sirmpm,

2. Limitation ; reftriflion.

There feems to be fuch an inllancc in the regi-
men which the human foul excrcifeth in rela-<
tion to the body, that, with certain ccrjt^'fves and
exceptions, may give fome kind of explication or
adumbration thereof. Halt' 1 Origin cf Mantml.

•Corre'ctly. ad-v. [from correS.] Ac-
curately ; exaftly ; without faults.

There are ladie , without knowing what tcnfes
and participles, adverbs and prcpofitions are, fpeak
as properly and as corrcBly as mod gentlemen who
have been bred up in the ordinary methods of
grammar fchools. Loike ca Eduiation*

Such lays as neither ebb nor How,
Corre£fiy cold, and regularly low.

Popii Bjpty on CrUicifm.

Co R R e'c T N E s s . «. / [ from corrcX,] Ac-
curacy ; exaftnefs ; freedom from faults.

Too much labour often takes away the fpirit
by adding to the polilhing ; fo that there remains
nothing but a dull arrt£}r,tfs, a piece without any
coofidcrable faults, but with few beauties.

DryJtn't Dvfrefnvy.

The foftnefs of the flefh, the delicacy of the

Aiapc, air, and i>ofture, and ihcnrrcflnifs of defign,

in this Aatuc, are incxprellible. Addijon on Italy.

, Late, very late, eorriBncJi grew our care,

When the tir'd nation breath'd from civil war.

Pope.

Thofe pieceshave never before been printed from

the true copies, or with any tolerable degree of <or-

riUnefi. Stvift.

Corre'ctor. It./, [frorn corred."]

I. He that amends, or altersi by punilli-

ment or animadverfion.

How many docs real urge rathel to do jullice on
fome fins, than to forbear all fin! How many
xatber to be cerreiltn than pradlifTS of religion.

COR

With all his fault*, he fer< up to be an unU'cr-

fa! reformer and toneBir ut abules, and a remover
cfgrievinccs. Stvift.

z. He that revlfes any thing to free it from
faults'; as the i-orrir^^or of the prcfs, that
amends the errours committed in print-
ing.

1 remember a perfon, who, by his ftyle and
literature, feems to have been the corridur of a
hedge prefs in Little Britain, proceeding gradually
to an author. Swift.

3. In medicine.

Such an ingredient in a compofition, as guards
againfl or abates the force of another; as the lixi-
vial falts prevent the gri-^vous vellications of rc-
finous purges, by dividing their particles, and pre-
venting their adhefion to the inteflinal membranes ;
and as fpices and carminative feeds allill the ope-
ration of fome catharticks, by diHipating wind.
In making a medicine, fuch a thing is called a
comftor, which deftroys or^diminifiies a quality
that could not otherwife be difpenfei with ; thus
turpentines are comflcri of quickfilver, by de-
fraying its fluxility, and making it capable of
mixture. ^incy.

To CO'RRELATE. <w. n. [from fanand
relatus, Latin.] To have a reciprocal
relation, as father and Ton.

Co'rrf.late. 7t./. One that Hands in
the oppofite relation.

It is one thing for a father to ceafe to be a fa-
ther, by calling off his fon ; and another for him
to ceafe to be {vf by the death of his fon t in this
the relation is at an end for want of a correlate.

South.
Corre'lative. adj. [con and rdativus,
Latin.] Having a reciprocal relation,
fo that the exiftence of one in a parti-
cular Hate depends upon the exillence
of another.

Father and fon, hu(band and wife, and fuch
other arrtlatitje terms, feem nearly to belong one
to another. South.

Giving is a relative aAion, and fo requires a
for«/tfrif ^ to anfwer it : giving, on one part, tranf-
fers no property, unlcfs there be an accepting on
the other. Scutb.

Corre'lativeness. n.f. [from correla-
ti've.'\ The ftate of being correlative.

Corre'ption. n.f. \corripk, correpium,
Latin.] Objurgation ; chiding ; repre-
henflon ; reproof.

If we mult b2 talking of other people's faults,
let it not be to defame, but to amend them, by
converting our dctraftion Into admonitio^i and fra-
ternal corrtption. Gwernmcnt of the Tongue.

To CORRESPO'ND. i/. n. [con and re-
fpondeo, Latin.]

1. To fuit ; to anfwer; to be propor-
tionale.; to be adequate to ; to be adapt-
ed to 5 to fit.

The days, if one be compared with another fuc-
ceflively throughout the year, are found not to be
equal, and will not jufily correjpcnd W\^'\ any arti-
ficial or mechanical equal meai'ures of time.

Holder on Time.

Words being but empty founds, any farther
than they are figns of our ideas, we cannot but
afleat to them, as they corrrfpond to thofe ideas we
have, but no farther than that. Loehe.

2. To keep up commerce with another by
alternate letters.

Correspo'n DENCE. !»■/. [from eorre-
Correspo'n dencv. J J'pond.'\
I. Relation; reciprocal adaptation of one
thing to another.

Between the law of their heavenly operations',
and :hc adiions of men in this our llit« of mor-
uli;y, fuch correjpondtttu there is as makcih it ex-

COR

pedient to know in fome fort the one, fur the
other's mote perfeft direflion. hi.oi.er.

Whatever we fancy, things keep their courfc ;
and their habitudes, CDrrefpi.ndenciesy and rclatiors
keep the fame to one another, Locke.

2. Intercourfe ; reciprocal intelligence.

I had difcovcrcd thofe uniawful correjpotidenciet
they had ufed, and engagements they had made to
embroil my kingdoms, f^i'g Cbarla%

Sure the villains hold a eorrefpondcnce
With the enemy, and thus they would betray us.

Derham.

It happens very oddly, that the pope and I fbould
have the fame thought much about the fame time :
my enemies will be apt to fay, that we hold a cer-
refpindence together, and aft by concert in this
matter. Addijor..

3. Friendfliip; interchange of offices or

civilities.

Let fuch military perfons be afTured, and well
reputed of, rather than faflious and popular; hold-
ing alfo good eorrefpondcnce with the other great
men in the ftate. Bacon,

Correspo'n DENT. adj. [from correfPond.]
Srftable ; adapted ; agreeable ; anfwer-
able.

V/hat good or evil is there under the fun, what
aftion eorrefpcndent or repugnant unto the law
which God hath impofed upon his creatures, but
in or upon it God doth work, according to the
law which himfelf bath eternally purpofed to keep.

Hooker.

And as five zones th* etherial regions bind,
Five correfptndent are to earth aflignM, Oryd. Ovid.

Correspo'n DENT, n.f. One with whom
intelligence or commerce is kept up by
mutual meflages or letters.

He was pleafcd to command me to fend to him,
and receive from him all his letters from and to
aM his correfpondentt at home and abroad.

Denbam's Dedtcation,
Correspo'nsive, adj. [from correj}ond.'\^
Anlwerable ; adapted to any thing.

Priam's fix gates i' th' city, with niaily liaples,
And correfponfve and fulfilling bolts,
Sperre up tile fons of Troy.

Sbakifpcare's Trcilui and Crefjida*

CO'RRIDOR. n.f. [French.]

1 . [In fortification.] The covert way lying
round the wholfe compafs of the fortifi-
cations of a place.

2, [In archiiediure.] A gallery or long ifle
round about a building, leading to fe-
veral cJiambers at a dillance from each
other, Harris.

There is fomething very noble in the amphithe-
atre, though the high wall and corridi-rs that went
round it are almaft intircly ruiilcd. Addijon on Italy.
Co'rrigible. adj. [from corrigo, Lat.f

1 . That which may be altered or amended.

2. He who is a proper objeft of puniih-
ment ; puniihable.

He wa» taken up very fliort, and adjudged corri-
gible for fuch prefumptuous language,

H.tml s Vocal Forifi.

3. Correftive ; having the power to cor-
reft. Not proper, nor ufed.

Our bodies are our gardens, to the which our
wills are gardeners ; fo that. If we will either have
it ileril with idlenefs, or manured with induftry,
the power and corrigible authority of this lies in
our will, Shakifpearc' s Othello.

CoR R I'v A L. n.f. [con and ri'vaJ.} Rival ;
competitor.

They had govcrnoure commonly out of the two
families of the Gcraldincs and Butlers, both ad.
verfarics and corrivals one agaiuft the other.

Sptnfcr on Ireland.
He, that doth redeem her thence, might wear
Without lorrivalM her dignities. Shakefp. H. IV.
CoRRl'vALRy.

COR

CoRRi'vAr.Rr. h. /. [from cim-val.]

Competition ; oppofition.
Cbrro'borant. a,/j. [from eorniorate.]

Having the power to give ftrength.

There be d:\cri forts o* bracelets fit to comfort
»he fpirits; and they be of three intentions, refri-
gerant, corrshnram, and aperient. Bacon' t Nat. Ill/l.

To CORRO'BORATE. ^v. a. [con and
ri>boro, Latin.]

1. To confirm ; to eftabli/h.

Machiavel well noteth, though in an ill-favoured
in/lance, there ib no trufting to the force of nature,
nor to the bravery of words, except it be corroborote
-bvcuUom. ^^„„,

2. To ilrengthen ; to make flrong.

To fortify imagination there be three ways ; the
authority v^he^ce the belief is derived, means to
quicken and cirnhorait the imagination, and means
to repeat it and refrefli it. Baan.

It was faid that the prince himfelf had, by the
Kvgay. of foreign courts, and obfcivation on the Jif-
J'erent natures of people, and rules of government,
much excited and awaked his fpjriu, and amia-
tarid his judgment. Wtmn.

As any limb well and duly exercifcd grows
ftronger, the nerves of the body are carrUioraitd
thereby. fy^„,^

Corroboration, n. /. [from corrobo-
rate.'] The aft of fticngtheningor con-
firming; confirmatioa by fome addi-
tional fecurity ; addition of ftrength.

The lady herlelf procured a bull, for the better

etrrtioratiim of the marriage. Bacan't llcitry VII.

Cor Ro'borative. at^'. [from corroborate.]

H.iving the power of incrcaftng ftrength.

In the cure of an ulcer, with a moift intem-
perics, as the heart is weakened by too much hu-
midity, you are to mix corrdoraikiei of an aftrin-
gent faculty j and the uiccr alfo ncquircth to be
<'"«'• tr.J.man, Surgtr}.

To CORRO'DE. -v. a. [corrodo. Latin.]
To eat away by degrees, as a men-
ftruura ; to prey upon ; to confume ; to
wear away gradually.

Statefmeii jurgc vice with vice, and irny corrode
The bad with bad, a fpidcr with a toad ;
For f™ ill thralls not them, but they tame ill,
And make her do much good againft her will.

,y^. ''?'"' '*'^' aqua-fortij currcdmg coppcrj
which IS It that gives the colour to verdigreafe, is
Ws>nt to reduce it to a green-blue folution.

_, ^ . Boyh an Cclcurs.

The nature of mankmd, left to itfcif, would
fnon have fallen into diflojution, without the in-
ceflant and cirrodtng invafions of lo long a time.

„ ., , , „ ^^''■''' "''i™ '/MankM.
Hannib.i| the Pyreneans part,
And itrepy Alps, the mounds that nature call •
^ And with cirroit'wg juices, as he went,

A paflage through the living lock he rent.

vn. .« . . . DryJcn'i ytivcnaU

^ Fiflies, Which ECithcrchew their meat, nor grind
It m their ftomachs, do, by a diflblvcnt liquor there
provided, ccrrcde and reduce it into a chylus.
_. . . R^y "<• the CreaiKti.

1 he blood turning acrimonious, corr.dri the
vcfTels, producing almoft all the difeafes of tlie
inflammatory kind. ^rbuthn.,.

5>hooM jealoufj its venom once ditVulc,
Cwrodhg cvjry thought, and blading all
Love's^paradife. 1k,mJ,n-f Sf^h^.

Cokio'dekt. er.^j. [ from corrotfe. ] Ha v -
ing the power of corroding or wafting
any thing away.
CoRROBiBi'MTy. tt./. [from corrodihle.\
'I he quality of being corrofible ; poffi-
bility to be confuiiied by a mcnftruum.
Co R R o' D I B L E . adj. [ from corrode. ] Poffi.
ble to be coiifuraed or corroded.

COR

Metal;, although ecrroJihU by Waters, yet will
not fuftcr a liquation from the powerfulleft heat
communicable unto that element.

Brc-wn's Vulgar Errcurs.

Co'rrody. n./. [from corrode, Latin.] A

defalcation from an allowance or falary,

for fome other than the original purpofe.

Belides thefe floating burgelies of the ocean,
there are certain flying citizens of the air, which
prefcribe for a corrojy therein. CarLiv.

In thofe days even noble perfons, and other
meaner men, ordered cirnJks and penfioni to their
chaplains and fervants out of churches.

j^yliffp'i Parcrg'^n.

CoRRo'siBLE. adj. [from corrode.] Poilible
to be confumed by a menllruum. This
ought to be corrodihk.

CoRRo'siBLENESs. n. J. [itom corroftble.]
SufceptibiJity of corrofion : rather cor-
rodibility. Diet.

CoRRo'sioN. »./ [ra/vWij, Latin.] The
power of eating or wearing away by
degrees,

Carrofion is a particular fpecies of dilTolution of
bodies, either by an acid or a filine meniVruum.
It is almoft wholly deligneJ for the refolution of
bodies moft ftrongly compared, as bones and me-
tals ; lo that the mcnftruums here employed
have a confiderable moment or force. Thefe li-
quors, whether acid or urinous, are nothing but
falts diflblved in a little phlegm ; therefore thefe
being folid, and' confcquently containing a confi-
derable quantity of matter, do both attraft one
another more, and are alfj more attrafted by the
particles of the body to be diflblved : fo when the
more folid bodies are put into faline menftruums,
the attraflion is ftronger than in other folutions ;
and the motion, which is always proportional to
the attraftion, is more violent : lo that we may
calily conceive, when the motion is in fuch a man-
ner increafcd, it fljould drive the falts into the
pores of tlie bodies, and open and loofen their
cohefion, though ever fo firm. xh'in.y,

A kind of poifon workcth either by ctrr-:Jim, or
by afecret malignity and enmity to nature.

Btiov'! Natural HiJIcry.
• ~\m corrojtcn and dllTolution of bodies, even toe
moft folid and durable, which is vulgarly alcribcd
to the air, is caufed merely by the aftion of water
upon them j the air being lo far from injuring and
preying upon the bodies it environs, that it con-
tributes to their fecurity and ptefcrvation.

fVoothvard.

COR

Such fpeeches favour not of God in fc!m' that
ufcth them; and unto vu-tuoudy difpofed minds
they are grievous coyrafivii. Hookfr,

Away ! though parting be a fretful corrcfive.
It IS applied to a dcathful wound. Siakeff, H.VU

Care is no cure, but rather ecrro/ve,
For things that are not to be remedied.
„ , ShaW/pean's HerryVI,

(..ORRo siVELY. ad-v. [from corrofive.]
I. Like a corrofive.

CoRRo'siVE.ai^', [from forra^ff, Latin. It
was anciently pronounced with the ac-
cent on the firft fyllable, now indiffer-
ently.]
1. Having the power of confuming or
wearing away.

Gold, after it has been divided by corrofive li-
quors into invilible parts, yet may preliaitly be pre-
cipitated, fo as Co appear again in its own form.
_, Grnu's Cofmokgia.

7 ha facred fons of vengeance, on whole courlc,
Corrofive famine waits, and kills the year.

. Thomfin't Spring.

2. Having the quality to fret or vex.

It the maintenance of ceremonies be a corrofive
to fuch as oppugn them, undoubtedly to fuch as
maintain them it can be no great pleafure, when
they behold that which they reverence is oppugned.

Hioicr,
CORRO'SIVE. n. /.

1. That which has the quality of wafting
any thing away, as the flefti of an ulcer.

He meant his corrofives to apply.
And with ftria diet tame his ftubborn malady.

F^iry S^ucen,

2. That which has the power of fretting,
or of giving pain.

At firft it tailed fomewhat corrofniely.
„,.. , , Boyle on Saltpelre,

2. With the power of corrofion,
CoRRo'siVENEss. n.f. [{tovti corro/tve.]

The quality of corroding or eating

away; acrimony.
We do infufe, to what he meant for meat,

Corrofivcntfi, or interne cold or heat. Dcnne.

Saltpetre betrays upon the tongue no heat nor

corrofivcrfi at all, butcoldnefs, mixt with a fome-

what languid rclifli retaining to bitternefs. Boyle.
C 0 R R u c A N T . adj. [ from corrugate. ]

Having the power of contrafting into

wrinkles.
To CO'RRUGATE. <v. a. [cormgo, Lat.]

To wrinkle or purfe up, as the fltin is

drawn into wrinkles by cold, or any

other caufe. %«fy.

The cramp Cometh of contraftion of finevvs : it
Cometh either by cold or drynefs ; for cold and
drynefs do both of them contraft and corrugate.

Bacon's Natural iiijlory.
Corruca'tjon. n.f. [from corrugate.'^
Contrat'tion into wrinkles.

_ The pain of the folid parts is the corrugation or
violent agitation of fibres, when the fpirits are irri.
tatcd by Iharp humours. Floyer on the Humours,

To CORRU'PT. It. a, [corrumpo, corrupt
lus, Latin.]

1. To turn from « found to a putrefcent
ftate ; to infeft.

2. To deprave ; to deftroy integrity j to
vitiate ; to bribe.

I fear leaft by any means, as the ferpent beguiled
Eve through his fubtilty, fo your minds Ihould be
corrupted hom the fimplicity that is in Chrift.

*, i CorinihianSf xi. 3.
Evil communications corrupt good manners.

I Cirinthians,xv, 33,
All that have mifcarried
By underhand, corrupted, foul injuftice.

Shakefpeare's RichardUl.

1 have heard it faid, the fitteft time to corrupt

a man's wife, is when flic 's fallen out with her

huftiand. '■ Shakcj^carc s Cotii/anut.

But ftay, I fmell a man of middle earth }
With trial fire touch me his ftnger-end ;
If he be chafte, the flame will back defcend.
And turn him to no pain j but if he ftart,
It is the flefl) of a anupted heart.

f^kdkejpeares Merry mves (fIVmlJir.
Language being the conduit whereby men con-
vey their knowledge, he that makes an ill ufe of
it, though he does not corrupt the fountains of
knowledge, which arc in things, yet he flops tha
?'?<•«• Locke.

Hear the black trumpet thro' the world pro-
claim,
That not to bf corrupted is the (liaime. P'opt,

3. To fpoil ; to do mifchief.
Ti CoRRu'pT. 'v.n. Tobcccme putrid;
to grow rotten ; to putrefy j to lofe pu-
rity.

The aptnefs or propenfion of air or wat<'r ta
corrupt or putrefy, no doubt, is to be found before
it break forth into manifeft efll<l» of difcalcs,
blafting, or the like. Ban.

CoRRu'pT. adj. [from To corrupt.]
I. Spoiled; tainted; vitiated in its qon-
lititi. I

3 H Ceaite

COR

Coarfc hoary mnuldcJ brcaJ the foldicrs thruft

. upon the points of their fpears, railing againft

FciJinand, who with fuch caruft antl pcftilcnt

biead wouU feed them. Kn}!hi.

2.,Unfound ; putrid.

As luiKitluous flrfli did rot,
Air.enJment icady iHll at hand did wait,
To pluck it out with p'ntcis fiery hot,
Thit foon ia him w js Icl't no ctrruft jot. Spcrfer.

I. Vuious ; tainted with wickedneis ;
without integrity.

Lst no ccrt'jfii commurication proceed out of
your mouth, but tlut whitli is good to the ufc of
edifjing. Efbffinni, iv. ij.

Corrupt, nrruft, and tainted in deiiic. Sbjkejf>.
Thtfe kind of knaves 1 know, which in tliis
pbinr.cfj
Harbour more craft, and more (errufter ends,
Than twenty filky ducking obfcrvants.

Hbah/feare't King I.ar.

Some, who have been cerrupl in their morals,

have yet been infinitely folicltous to liavc theit

children pioufly brought up. Siulb's Scrmtm.

CoRRu'pTER. n. / [from corrupt.] He
that taints or vitiates ; he that leffens
purity or integrity.

Away, away, ccrru/ftrj of my faith! SbaUf/j.

From the vanity of the Greeks, the arruftcis

of all truth, who without all ground of certainty

vaunt tlieir antiquity, came the errour firll of all.

Raltigb'i Hjflcry e/ibt JVoHd.

Thofe great corrupters of Chriftianity, and in-
deed of natural religion, the Jefuits. Addifon.

Co R R u P T 1 B j'l. 1 T Y . ». /. [from corrupti-
ble.] Poflibility to be corrupted.
CoRRu'pTtBLE. aiij. [from carrw//,]
I. Sufceptible of deftruftion by natural
decay, or without violence.

Our ctrruft'tbU bodies could never live the life
they fhall live, were it not that they arc joined
with his body whicli is incorruptible, and that his
is in ours as a caufc of immortality. Hc^ier.

It is i devouring corruption of the cflential mix-
ture, which, confiding chiefly of an oily moillure,
ia nrrufiHU through dlffipation.

Harvey on Conjumptions.

The fcveral parts of which the world confifts
leing in their nature rcrruftiile, it is more than
pri>b^le, that, in an infinite duration, this frame
uf things would long fince have been difl'ulved.

TllUtfon.

», Sufceptible of external depravation ;

poffib* to be tiiinted or vitiated.
CoKRti'PT! BLENEss. n./. [from corruf-

tibh."] Sufccptibility of corruption.
CoRRu'pTlBi.Y. ailv. \_iram. corriipttbh\'\

In fuch a manner as to be corrupted, or

vitiated.
It is too late ; the life of all h-s blood

Is touched corruptibly. Sbaiefpeare^s King Lear,

CoRRu'pTiON. «./. [cerruptio, Latin.]
I . The principle by which bodies tend to

the feparation of their parts,
a, Wickednefs ; perverfion of principles ;

lofs of integrity.

Precepts ot morality, bcfidcs the natural cor-
ruption of our tempers, which makes us averfc to
tbem, are fo abftradted from i-icas of fenfe, that
they feldom get an opportunity for defcriptions and
images. Mdijcn on tbe CcorgUki.

Amidft corruption, luxury, and rage,
Still leave (bme ancient virtues to our age. Pope.

3. Putrel'cence.

The wife contriver, on his end intent.
Careful this fatal enour to prevent,
And keep the waters from corrupii'.n free,
Mix'd them with fait, and fcafon'd all the fea.

BiMkmore.

4. Matter or pus in a fore.

5 . The tendency to a worXe ftate.

COR

After my death I wifli no other herald*
No other fpeaker of my living aflions.
To keep mine honour from corruption.
But fuch an hoaeft chronlckr as Griffith.

ShaKeJfcjre's HenryVWl.

i. Caufe, or means, of depravation.

The region luth by cor.queft, and corruption of
other languages, received new and diftcring names.
R'j.'eigb's Uijiory.
AU thafe four kinds of corruption are very com-
mon in their language; for which reafons the
Greek torguf is become much altered.

Breretvood on Languages .

7. [In law.] An infeftion growing to a
man attainted of felony, ortreafon, and
to his iffue ; for as he lofeth all to the
prince, or other lord of the fee, fo his
iffue cannot be heir to him, or to any
other anceilor, of whom they might have
cLiimed by him ; and if he were noble,
or a gentleman, he and his children are
made ignoble and ungentle, in' refpeft
of the father. Con/jell.

CoRRu'pTivE. fl<^'. [from corrupt.] Hav-
ing the quality of tainting or vitiating.

Carrying a fettled habitude ujito the corruptive
originals. Brcwni yulgar Errcuri.

It fliould be endued with an acid ferment, or
fome corruptive quality, for fo fpcedy a dlU'ululion
of the meat and preparation of the chyle.

Kay on tbe Creation.

CoRRu'pTLESs. «i//. [from corrupt.] In-
fufceptible of corruption ; undecaying.

All around
The borders with corrupikfs myrrh are crown'd.

Dryden.
CoRRu'pTL^-. citfv. [from corrupt.]
1 . With corruption ; with taint ; with
vice ; without integrity.

O that cllatcs, degrees, and offices.
Were not deriv'd crruptly ! that clear honour
Were purchased by the merit of the wearer. Sbak.
V/e have dealt very corruptly againll thee, and
have not kept the commandments. Nehemiab, \. 7.

z. Vitioufly ; improperly ; contrary to
purity.

We have corruptly contraQed moft names, both
of men and places. Carr.den^s Rtmaim.

Cor Ru'pT NESS. n.f. [from corrupt.] The
quality of corruption ; putrefcence ; vice.

CO'RSAIR. n. /. [French.] A pirate j
one who profeffes to fcour the fea, and
feize merchants.

Corse, n.f. [«;•//, French.]

1. A body. Not in ufe.

For lie was ftrong, and of fo mighty cerfe.
As ever wielded fpear in warlike hand. Spenfer.

2. A dead body; a carcafe : a poetical
word.

That from her body, full of filthy fin,
He reft her hateful head, without rcmorfe;
A ftream of coal-black blood forth gufiied from
her cor/e. Spenfer.

Set down the cor/e ; or, by faint Paul,
I'll make a ccrfe of him that difobcys.

Shjitfpeare's Richard l\l.
What may this mean .'
That thou, dead cor/e, again in complete ftcel
Revifit'ft thus the glimpfes of the moon.
Making night hideous ? Shakefpeare's Hamlet.

Here lay him down, my friends,
Full in my fight, that 1 m?y view at leifure
The bloody rcr/.-, and count thofe glorious wounds.

JJdifon.

Co'rselet. ». / [cor/eUt, French.] A
light armour for the forepart of the
body.

Some (hlrts of maile, fome coafs of plate put on,
Somi: dju'd a cuiiMc, lonie a eorjlei bright. Fair/'.

' COS

They lafli, they foin, theypafs, they ftrjve totorc
Their cor/lets, and their thinneil pans explore.

Drjdtn.
But heroes, who o'crcomc or die.
Have their hearts hung extremely high j
The firings of which, in battie's heat,
Againft their very cor/etett beat. Prior,

CO'RTICAL. atij. [cortex, bark, Lat.J
Barky ; belonging to the outer part ;
belonging to the rind ; outward.

Their lail extremities form a httle gland (>U
thefe little glands together make the cortical part
of thetrain), terminating in two little vcfl'ek.

Cheyne'i PHlo/ophical Principlel,

Co'rticated. at/J. [from ccrticatut, La-
tin.] Refembling the bark of a tree.

Th'S animal is a kind of lizard, a quadruped
corticated and depilous ; that is, without wool, fur,
or Jiair. Brovm.

Co'rticose. aJj. [from corticefus, Lat.]
Full of bark. DiB.

Corve'tto. n.f. The curvet.

You muft draw the horfe in his career with
his manage, and turn, doing the corvetto a.nd leap-
ing. Peacbam en Dranving,

CORU'SC.^NT. adj. [ «rir/?e, J.atin. ]

Glittering by flafhes ; flafliing.
Cori'sca'tion. «./." [ccru/catio, Latin.]
Flafti ; quick vibration of light.

We fee that lightnings and coru/catiom, which
are near at hand, yield no found.

Bacon's Natural Hi/lory.
We may learn that fulphureous lleams abound
in the bowe'.s of the earth, and ferment with mi-
nerals, and foroetimes take fire with a fuddcn co-
ru/cathn and explofion. Ntivton't Opiieks,

How beat and moillure mingle in a mafs.
Or belch in thunder, or in lightning blaze ^
Why nimble coru/catior.s ftrikc tl^e eye.
And bold tornados biufter in the ficy.

Garth's Dijpen/iitorf,
Cory'mbiated. adj. [corymLui, Latin.]
Garnifhed with branches of berries.

Dia.

Corymbi'ferous. aJj, [from corjntius
and fero, Lat.] Bearing fruit or berries
in bunches.

Coiymhifenus plants are di/tinguiflied into fuch
as have a radiate flo%ver, as the fun-flt wcr ; and
fuch as have a n.iked fiower, as the bemp-agri-
m")ny, and mugwort : to which are added (bofc
a-kin hereunto, fuch as fcabijus, ccaf.*I, tlvltir,
and the like. Quincy.

CORY'MBUS. n.f. [Larin.]

Amorgil the ancient botahilh, it was ufed to
exprcfs the bunches or cluftcrs of berries of ivy ;
amongft modern botanifts, it is ulcd for a cam-
pounded difcous flower, whofc feeds are not pap-
pous, or do not fly away in down ; fuch ar« th«
flowrrsof daifies, and common marygold. Sjiiticy,

Cosci'nom ANCY. tt. /. [from xctrxUor, a
fieve, and jiavTSM, divination.] The art
of divination by means of a fieve. A
very ancient praftice, mentioned by
Theocritus, and dill ufed in fome parts
of England, to find out perfons un-
known. Chambers,

Cose'cant. n.f. [In geometry.] The
fecant of an arch, which is the comple-
ment of another to ninety degrees.

Harris.

Co'sHEHiNC. n.f. [Irilh.]

C'/hcrings were Vifitations and progrefTcs made
by the loid and his followers among his tenants ',
wherein he did eat them (as the Knglilh proverb
is) out of houTe and home. Davits,

Co'stER. n.J', [from coufer, old French,

to few.] A botcher. Hanmer.

Uo ybu make aa alchoufe of oiy laay's hoofe,

that

COS

COS

COT

tkat ye fqaeak out your cojier catches, without any
nicigation or remorfc of voice .'

StaUJftare'i T-xdftb Night.

Co'siNE. »./. [In -eometry.] The right
fine of an arch, which is the complc- 1
ment of another to ninety degrees.

Harris.

Cosme'tick. adj. [koo'/xiitikc?.] Having
the power of improving beaoty ; beau-
tifying.

No better cofmaicks than a fevere temperance
and parity, mudefly and humility, a gracious
• temper and calmnefs of fpirit ; no true beauty
without the fign-iturc! of thefe graces in the very
countenance. Ray on ibt Criaticn.

Firit, rob'd in white, the rymph intent adores.
With head uncover'J, the rofirnuk pow'rt. Pcft.

CO'SMICAL. adj. [xoVfi©..]

1 . Relating to the world.

2. Riftng or fetting with the fun; not a-
cronycal.

The n/rrical afccnfun of a ftar we term that,
when it arifeth together with the fun, or in the
fame degree of the ediptitU wherein the fun
abideth. Brncn't Vulgar Erroun.

Co'sMiCAiLY. adv. [from co/micaL]
With the fun ; not acronycally.

From the riiing of this ftar, not ccjfmkaHy, that
is, with the fun, but heliacally, th^t is, its emer-
fion from the rays of the fun, the ancients com-
puted their canicular days. Brmvn.

CosMo'coNY. ». / [xi^iA^' and yom]
The rife or birth of the world ; the cre-
ation.

Cosmo'grapher. n./. [Koo-f^d* and y^a-
pu.] One who writes a dcfcription of
the world ; diftindl from geographer,
who defcribes the fituation of particular
countries.

The ancient cufmipafhtrt do plate the divlfion
of the call and weAern hemifpticrc, that is, the
firft term of longitude, in the Canary or Fortunate
Iflands, conceiving thefe parts the extreme^ ha-
bitations weftwatd. Bniun'i Vulgar Erroun .

Cosmocra'phical. adj. [from cofmogra-
fhy.'\ Relating to the general defcrip-
tion of the v/orld.

CoJMocR a'i-hically. adi). [from cof-
mographkal.^ In a manner relating to
the fcience by which the ftru(flure of the
world is difcovcred and defcribed.

The terrella, or fphcrlcal magnet, t'ojMi'graflii-
talhj fct out with circles of the globe.

Brvion^t Vulgar ErrBurj.

COSMO'GRAPHY. «./. [«oV^.». and
y^a^u. ] The fcience of the general
lyftem or afTeflious of the world : dif-
tii»ft from geography, which delivers
ttte tituation and boundaries of parti-
cular countries.

Here it mijhc fee the w^rld without travel ; it
Win; a klTer I'chemc of the creation, nature con-
tttCtci, a little t^'migrafhy, or map uf the uni-
Tfgie. Sautt.

Cosmopo'litan. I rt./. [»icrft'&- and tsro-
Co?Mo'poLiTB. 3 ^irn;.] A clti/.en of

tlv: world ; one who is at home ia every

place.
Co'ssF.T.fl./. A lamb brought np without

tlic dim.

l!' thou wilt bewail my wwful te'-n,
I iSall thee rive yonJ' cyjei for thy pa.n. Sftn'rr.

COST. n./. [i<j/, Dutch. As this word is
found in the remoteft Teutonick dialcfts,
even in tltc Iflandtck, it u not probably
derived to U5 from the Latin caujio ;

though it is not unlikely that the French
coujicr comes from the Latin.]

1. The price of any thing.

2. Sumptuoufiiefs ; luxury.

The city woman bears
The c'jfi of princes on unw^irthy ihoulders. Shah.
Let foreign princes vainly boaft
The rude effefts of pride and ajl
Of vafter fabricks, to which they
Contribute nothing but the pay. Waller.

3. Charge ; expence.

While he found his daughter maintained with-
out his coflf he waa content to be deaf to any noife
of infamy. Sidnty.

1 laall never hold that man my friend,
Wliofe tongue (hall alk me for one penny ct^.
To ranfom home revolted Mortimer. Shak.H.lV.

Have we eaten at all of the king's <-^? or hath
be given us any gift { i Samuel, xiz. 42.

And wilt thou, O cruel boaft !

Put poor nature to fuch ccji ?

O ! 'twill undo our common mother.

To be at charge of fuch another. Cra/haiu.

It is Grange to fee any eccldiaftical pile, not
by ecclefiadical rcfi and influence, rifing above
ground j efpecially in an age in which men's
mouthi are open againft the church, but their
hands ftut towards it. Scutb*i Sermcrs.

He whofc talc is beft, and pleafes moif,
Should win his fupper at our common ccjf.

DryiUn'j Fables,

Fourteen thoufand pounds arc paid' by Wood for
the purchafe of his patent : what were liis other
viliblc ">P't I know not ; what tus latent, is va-
rioufly conje^ured. Szvift.

4. Lois ; fine ; detriment.

What they had fondly wi/hed, proved after-
wards to their rcy?j mer true.

KrMi's II fiery rf tbe Turks.

To Cost. v. n, pret. ccft ; particip. re/?.
\cotiJier, f r.] To be bought for ; to be
had at a price.

The dagger and poifon are always in readinefs j
but to bring the aftion to extremity, and then re-
cover all, will require the ait of a writer, and rc^
'him many a pang. Dryden.

Co'&T K\.. adj. [(-«/?<!, Lat. a rib.] Belong*
ing to the ribs.

Hereby are excluded all cetaceous and cartilagi-
nous fiihes ; many peftinal, whofe ribs are it£b-
lineal ; and many r^j/, which hive their ribs em-
bowed. Brcwns Vulgar Etriujs.

Co'sTARD. n. /. [from cofier, a head ]

1. A head.

Take him over the eijlard with the belt of thy
fword. Sbaieffcarc'i Rkbard H\,

2. An apple round and bulky like the head.

Many country vicars are driven to ihifts ; and
if our greedy patrons ho!d us to fuch conditions,
they will make us turn ecjiard mongers", grafiets,
or IcU ale. Burton on Mt!ai:chdy.

CO'STIVE. adj. {conjlipatus, Lat. t6n-
/ifii.Fr.]

1 . Bound in the body ; having the ex-
cretions obftruftcd.

When the palfag; of the gait becomes obftruftcd,
the body grows njhve, and the excrements of ihf
\My white. Brt/wiu

While faftcr than hij ee/live brain indites,
Philo's quick h.and in flowing letters write;;
His cafe appetrs to me like honcft Teague's,
When he wa» run away with by his k^i. Prior,

2. Clofe ; unpermeable.

Clay in dry Icafnns is [ojltvif hardening with the
fim and wind, till unlockcU by induiUy, fo .is tu
ad.-nit of the air and heavenly influences.

Afortimer'i Hujbandry .

Co'jTivENES?. »./. [from cojii've J The
Aate of the body in which excretion is
obftruflcd.

{.Afiiv^r.ijt fiifpcrfcs maligfl putrid fumes out of
the gutt aQd mcf<:nteiy into all parts of tlic body.

occalioning head-aches, fevers, lofs of appetite, and
dii^urbancc of concof^ion. harmry.

Coftminefs has ill effeils, and is hard to be dealt
witli by phjfick ; pu-.ging medicines rather increaf-
ing than removing the evil. Lech on Educati-^ji.

Co'sTLiNEss. n.f. [from riy?/)'.] Sump-
tuoufnefs ; expeiifivenefs.

Though not with curious cofUlnrfs, yet with

cleanly fufficiency, it entertained nie, Sidney.

Nor have tiie frugaller fons of fortune any rca-

fon to objeft the cojiyirwj:^ j fince they fiet^ucntly pay

dearer for Icfs advantageous pleafures.

G lawille" s Scefjist

Co'sTLY. ad/, [from fc/?.] Sumptuous ;
expenfive ; of a high price.

C'Jily thy habit as thy pujle can buy.
But nut expreft in fancy j rich, not gaudy ;
For the apparel oft proclaims the man.

Sbakejpeares llamlst.

Leave for a while thy ccjily cuuntry-f;:at j
And, to be great indeed, forget
The naufeous pleafures of the J* eat. Drydir.

The chapel of St. Laurence will be perhaps th^
mo!i ujl/y piece of work on the earth, when com-
pleted. Addijon.

He is here fpeaking of Paradifc, which he re-
prefents as a moft charming and delightful placp ;
abounding with things not only uleful and con-
venient, but even the moit rare and valuable, the
moll coftly and defirable. IVadivard's Nat. HiJI.

Co'sTMARY. ».yr [refills, Lat.] An herb.
Co'sTREL. n./. [fuppofed to be derived

from ccjler.] A bottle. Skinner.

Cot. T At the end of the namesof places.
Cote. > come generally from the Saxon
Coat, j cor, a cottnge. Cibjhn,

COT. «. /. [cot. Sax. cii-t, Welili.] A

fmall houfe ; a cottage ; a hut ; a meaa

habitation.

What lliat ufage meant.
Which in her cot Ihc daily pradtifcd. Fairy ^..cen.

Bcfldes, his ror, his flocks, and baunds of feed.
Are now on falc ; and at our ih^ep lot now.
By rcafon of his abfcnce, there is nothing
That you will feed on. Slakcjjieare's A: ycu lihe if.

Hezekiah made himfelf iiaib for all manner of
beafls, and cui for flocks. 1 ChronicUif xxxii. 28*

A ftately temple flioots within the fiiics j
The crotchets of their est in columns rife ;
The pavement, polifli'd marble they behold ;
The gates with fculpture grac'd, the fpires and
tiles of gold. Dryd, Baucis and Philemor:.

As Jove vouchfaf'd on Ida's top, 'tis faid,
At poor I'iiilennn's cot to take a bed. I'eviiti,

Cot. n./. An abridgment of fo/f»f<7».
Cota'noent. »./ [In geometry.] The

tangent of an arch which is the comr

plejnent of another to ninety degrees.

Hitrris.
Tc Cote. v. a. This word, which 1 have

found only in Chapman, feems to fig-

nify the lame as To leave libind, Tt

overfaj's.

Words her worth had prov'd with deed*,

Had more ground bc';n allow'd the race, and c»:ci

far his fteeds. Ch.ipmani Iliads.

Cote'mpor AR Y. adj. [ctn and Umpus,

Latin.] Livit\g at the fame lime ; coe-

taneous ; contemporary.

What would not, to a rational man, coter^*.-

rary with the firil vuuc!\cr, have appearc3 prol-a-

ble, is now ufcd as crrtain, becauic levetal have

lince, from him, faid it one after another. I.o:ir.

Co'TtAND. n.f. [cot and land.] Land

appendant to a cottage.
Co'TCiUEAN. «. /. [probably from. r«-
jiiin, French.] A man who bufies him-
felf with women's all'ajrs.

Look to the bak'd nieacs, good Angelica ;
Sp;u"C not for colt. '

3 H » — — G«,

COT

■ 1 1 Co, go, you titquun, go ;

Get you to bed. Skaktjftarc'i KeiKti tnjyurirl,

A ftatdVvotnan is as ridiculous « cmnire as u
ittjunu: each of the frxcs Ihould keep «ithin its
bounds. y14Jif:r.

You liave given us a lively piSure of hufbinds
hen-pecked i but you have never touched upon one
of clia quite different charaAcr, and who goes b)
the natiK of cttjuean. Addiku-

Co'ttace. n. f. [from <•(!/.] A hut; a
mean habitation ; a cot ; a little houfe.

The fca coaft ihali be dweUijig^ and t^ttagei foi
Aepherds, and folds for flocks. ?,tpk. ii. 6.

They were right glad to take fome corner of a
poor ctttage, and there to fcrve God upon their
knees. Hukcr.

The felf-fame fun that fliines upon his court.
Hides net his vif;Agc from our cDUagtt but
- Looks on both alike. Shakejf (art's Pt^inlcr's Tali ■

Let the women of noble birth and greit fortunes
nurfe their children, look to the affairs of the
koufe, viCt poo? nttagtj, and relieve their necef-
Cties. Tayhr't Hc/y J/miitg.

It is difficult for a peafant, bred up in the ob-
fturities of a cottage, to fancy in his mind the
fplendora of a court. Seutb

Beneath our humble eettage let us halte,
And here, uncnvied, rural dainties tallt.

Pcpe'i Odyffcy.

Co'ttager. n.f. [from ro/fa^e.]
1, One who lives in a hut or cottage.

Let us from our farms
Call forth our eoltagers to arms. S'wift.

The mod ignorant In/h ccitagtr will not fell his
cow for a groat. Swift's Addr,fi to Parliament.

3. A cottager, in law, is one that lives on
the common, without paying rent, and
without any land of liis own.

The huAandmen and plowmen be but as their
work-folks and labourers j or elfc mere ecttagersj
which a«-e but houfed beggars. Baccn's Uenry\l\,

The yeomenry, or middle people, of a condition
between gentlemen and eeitagers.

Saccit's Henry Vll.

Co'ttier. n./. £from «/.] One who in-
habits a cot. DiiS.

CO'TTON. ft./, [named, according to
Skinner, from the down that adheres to
the mala cetonea, or quince, called by the
Italians cotogni ; whence coitone, Ital.

• eot/on, French.]

I . The down of the cotton-tree.

The pin ought to be as thick as a rowling-pin,
and covered with cciim, that its hardiiefs may not
le offenfive. tyifcman.

a. Cloth made of cotton.
Co'tton. n.f. A plant.

The fpccics are, i. Shrubby alton, i. The mod
excellent American cMtPii, with a greenilh ieed.
3. Annual (hrubby utiim, of the illand of Provi-
dence. 4. The tree catm. 5. Tree cef/m, with
• ■ yellow flower. The firft fort is cultivated plen-
tifully in Candia, Lemnos, Cyprus, Malta, Sicily,
and at Naples ; as alfo between Jcrufalcm and
Damafcus, from whence the cuiinn is brought an-
nually into thefe northern parts of Europe. The
tttttn is the wool which inclofes or wraps up the
feeds, and is contained in a kind of brown hulk,
or feed-velfel, growing upon this (hrub. It is from
this fort that the vaft quanticics of tclin arc taken,
which furnffli our parts of the world. The fccond
and third forts are annual : thefe are cultivated
in the Weft Indies in great plenty. But the fourth
and fifth forts grow in Egypt : thefe abide many
years, and often arrive to be trees of great magni-
«ide. Miller,

To Co'tton. 'u.n.

t. To rife with a knap.

z. To cement; to unite with: a cant
word.
A i|uarrtl will end in oo« 9f you being turned
10

c o u

ofT, in which cafe it will not b« cafy M cttttn with
another. Sv/ift,

To COUCH. T. ». [couJjer, French.]

1 . To lie down on a place of rcpofe.

If 1 court more wan\efl, you '11 caici wl:h more
men. Staitjjieere.

Doth not the gentleman
Deferve as full, as fortunate a bed.
As ever Beatrice ihall CDidch upon ? Shairffiare,
When love's fair goddefs
Coarii'(/with her hulband °ui his golden bed.

Drydcns j^rtdj.

2. To lie down on the knees, as a beaJl
to reft.

Trees bent their beads to hear him fiog his
wrongs,
Fierce tygecs ceuch'd around, and loli'd their
lawning tongues. Drydcn't yirgil.

Thefe, when death
Comes like » rufhing lion, covih like fpaniels,
With lolling tongues, and tremble at the paw.

Dryden.

3. To lie down in fecret, or in ambufh.

We '11 ciucb V th" callle-ditch, till we fee the
light of our fairies. Sbak. Merry ff^i-ves cf lyir.dfor.

The earl of Angus ccuihed in a furrow, and was
palTed over for dead, until a horfe was brouijht tjar
his efcape. Htywafd.

4. To lie in a bed, or ftratum.

Bleircdef the Lord be his land, for the dew, and
for the deep that coucbelh beneath. Diut. xxxiii. j 3.

5. To ftoop, or bend down; to lower in
fear, in pain, in refpeft.

Thefe tcuchings, and tiielc lowly curteHes,
Might ftir the blood of ordinary men.

iibakcffyeare's Julius Cajar.

IITachar is a ftrong afs dueling down between
two burdens. Ccnejis, xlix. 14-

To Couch, it, a.

1 . To repofe ; to lay on a place of repofe.

Where unbruis'd youth, with unftuft'd 'brain,
Doth toueh his limbs, there golden ilecpdoth reign.

Sbakejfeare.

2. To lay down any thing in a bed, or
ftratum.

If the weather be warm, wc immediately ctucb
malt about a foot thick ; but if a hotter feafoii
require it, we fpread it on the floor much thinner.
Mortimer's Hujhandry.
The fea and the land make one globe ; and the
waters couch ihemfelves, as clofe as may be, to the
centre of this globe, in a fpherical convexity.

Burnet's Tbeory of the Earth.

3. To bed ; to hide in another body.

It is at this day in ufe at Gaza, to cvarZr pot-
Iherds, or velfels of c-irlh, in their walls, to gather
the wind from the top, and to pafs it down in
fpouts into rooms. Bacon's Natural Hi/loiy.

4. To involve ; to include ; to comprife.

But who will call thofe noble, who deface.
By meaner adts, the glories of thcirracc ;
Whofc only title to. their fathers' fame
Is coutb'd in the dead letters of their n.ime }

Drydcn's Jtivtnjl.

That great argument for a future ftate, which
St. Paul hath couched in the words I have read to
you. jiiierkury's Sermons.

5. To include fecretly ; to hide: with
under.

The foundation of all parables, is fome analogy
or fimilitude between the topical or alluflvc part of
the parable, and the thing couched tinder it, and
intended by it. South.

There is all this, and more, that lies naturally
couched under this allegory. L'Eftrange.

The true notion of tlie inftitution being loit, the
tradition of the deluge, which was couched under
it, was thereupon at length fufpended and loft.

Wi.odioarJ^s Natural Hifiory.

6. To lay clofe to another.

And over all h braaeii fcales was arm'd.
Like plated co.it ^ ftcel, fo (ouiLedojidiXp
That nought might pierce. S^cnjer.

J. To fix the fpear in the reft, in the
pollure of attack.

The knight 'gan fairly «ai4 his fteady fpear.
And fiercely ran at him with rigorous might.

Sfenfer.
Before each van
Prick forth the aery knights, and couch their fpears.
Till thickeft legions clofe. MUion's ParadifeLcJl.

The former wav'd in air
His flaming fword ) iSneas couch'd his fpear.

Dryden's ^neii,

8. To deprefs the condenfed cr)'ftal line-
humour or film that overfpreads the
pupil of the eye. This is improperly
called couching the eye, for couching the
catccraSt : with equal impropriety they
Sometimes fpeak of couching the paticttt'

Some artift, whofe nice hand
Cmcbei the cataracts, and clears bis light.
And all at once a.flood of glorious light
Comes rulhing on his eyes. Dennis*

Whether the cataract be wafted by being fcpa-
rated from its vcfli.l., 1 have never known poli-
tively, by dilTefling one tliat had been couched.

Sbarji,

Couch, n.f. [from the verb.]

1. A feat of repofe, on which it is common
to lie down lirefled.

So Satan fell ; and ftraight a fiery globe
Of angels on full fail of wing flew nigh,
Wlio on their plumy vans receiv'd him foft
From his uncafy ilation, and upbore.
As on a floating couch, through the blithe air.

Milton's ParaJI/e Regain'd.
To loll on couches rich with citron ftcds.
And lay their guilty limbs in Tyrian beds.

Dryden s Firgil's Georgiets.

0 ye immortal pow'rs, that guard the juft.
Watch round his couch, and foftco his repofe!

Addifon's Cato.

2. Abed; a place of repofe.

Let not the royal bed of Denmark be
A couch for luxury and damned inceft.

Shakefpearc's Hamlet.
Dire was the tolling, deep the groans I defpair
Tended the fjck, bufieit from couch to couch.

Milton's Paradi/e Loft.
This gentle knight, infpir'd by jolly May,
Forfook his early couch at early day. Dryd. Fables,

3. A layer, or ftratum.

This heap is called by maltfters a eouch, or bed,
of raw malt. Mortimer's Hujhandry.

Co'ucHANT. ae(/. [couchant, French.]
Lying down ; fquatting.

if a lion were the coat of Judah, yet were it aot
probably a lion rampant, but rather couchar.t or
dormant. Br<nv»»

As a tiger, who by chance hath fpy'd.
In fome purlieu, two gentle fawns at play,
Straight couches clofe ; then rifing, changes oft
His oMchant watch. Milton's Paradife Lcfi,

CO'UCUEE. n. /. [French.] Bedtime ;
the time of vifiting late at night.

None of her fylvan lubjeela made their court;
Levees and ceuchecs pafs'd without refort. Dryden,

Co'ucHER. ;/. /. [from couch.] He that
couches or deprefles catarafts.

Co'ucHFELLOw. N./. [couch ind/el/otu.J
Bedfellow ; companion.

1 have grated upon my good friends for three re-
prieves for you, and your coiicbfellow, Nim ; or
clfc you Itad looked through the grate like a ge-
miny of baboons. Sbakrjpeare..

Co'ucHGRASs. n.f. A weed.

The coucbgrajs, for the firft year, infenfibly robi
moft plants in fandy grounds ape to graze.

Mortimer's Ha/hatidry,
COVE. n.f.

1 . A fmall creek or bay.

2. A Aiclter; a covcj-,

CO'VENANT.

C O V

CO'VENANT. n.f. [caniKtiant.'Prenck;
coifventum, Latin.]

1. Acontraft; a ftbulation.

He makes a coventm nevsr to dcrtroy
The earth again by fliKKi ; r"r let the fci
■ S'jrpafs his bounds. Milton i ParjJiJc Left.

The Englift make the occin their abode,
. Whofe readj fails with CY'ry wind on fly.
And make a cov'mmi with th' inconftant Iky.

Some men live as if thcv have made a co^cti,im
with hell : let divines, tathers, friends, fay what
they will, they ftop their car^ againft them.

L'EJIra'^ge.

2. An agreement on certain terms ; a
compact.

A ctKHnent is a mutual compaft, as we now
tonfidcr it, betwixt God and man ; confiding of
reercies, on God's part, made over to man ; and
of conditions, on man's part, required by God.

Harmar.J's PmHizalCaTKhljn:.

3. A writing containing the terms of
agreement.

I (hall but lend my.diamond till your return j
let there be ccjcxcnts drawn between vjs.

Sbakcfpiarc' s Cymbehri.

To Co'vENANT. v. n. [from the noun.]

1 , To bargain ; to iHpulate.

His lord ufed commonly fo to nvrnant with him,
which if at any time the tenant difliked, he might
freely depart at his pleafure.

Sfnfa't Stan tf Ireland.
It had been coitnanicd belvtta him and the
king of England that neither of them Ihould treat
of peace or truce with the French king.

Haywjrd :« £ diver d VI.
By word) men come to know one another's
minds ; by tbefe they crvenaat and confederate.

Scurh.

Jupiter ccviramtd with him, that it fliould be

hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or windy, as the

tenant fliould dircft. VEJirar.-^r.

2. To agree with another on certain
terms: with /or before either the price
or the thing purchafed.

Thsy crotnamtd with him for thirty pieces of
fijver. MaUktw.

Pointing to a heap of find,
Fur ev'ry grain, to live 1 vtar demand j
But, ah! unmindful of tb' cffift of time.
Forgot to cmenemtfcr youth and prime.

Cartb^i O-vid.

Covenante'e. «./ [from covenaat.] A
party to a covenant ; a ftipulator ; a
bargainer.

Both of them were refpefliye rites of their ad-
miiTion into the fcveral covenants, and the cove-
vantai become thereby entitled to the rcfpeftive
priwleget. ^I'<ff''> Porirgm.

Covena'kTER. n. f. [from co'vtiiant.']
One who takes a covenant. A word
introduced in tl>« civil wars.

The covnuint-.ri (hall h..ve no more alTurance
of inutti4 affiftance each ftonri other, after the
taking of the covenant, than they hid before.

Oxfsrd Stujont tgainft ibc CeVirmnt.

Co'vEHOWs. aJJ. [from rei'/V;.] Fraud'j-
lent; collufive ; trickiQi.

1 wifli fome mcani 'ievifcd for the rertraint of
thefe'inordinaie and ccvenovs lcaf:z of lands, boiden
in chief, for hundreds or tlioufan:: of years.

Sacon'i Ojfiic of juknatkrt.

To CCVER. 1/. a. [cowvrir, French.]
I. To overfpread any, thing with fome-
thjng elfe.

The pafturcs are doathcd with flocks, the valleys
alfo arc coverid over with corn* PJolm Ixv. 1 3.

Sea nver'd fea.
Sea without fliorc. Miltm.

The flaming mount appcar'd
In Djtlun civir'd with a cima of 6j». MiU'r:-

COY

Ob to thy fellows, bid them cover ttie table,

ferve in the meat, and we will come in to dinner.

StuUfftara's Merchant of Vemce.

2. To conceal under fomething laid over.

Nor he their outward only with the (kir.s
Of bcails, but inward nakcdnefs, much more
Opprobrious, with his robe of rijliteoufnefs
Arraying, cover'd from his father's light.. Miitcn.

Ctvtr rac, ye pines !
Ye cedars with innumeriible boughs
Hide me, that 1 may ncva- fee them more. Milt.

In life's cool vale lee my li^w fcene be laid.
Cover me, gods, v\ith Tempe's thitkeft fliade,

Cmvley.
Or lead me to fame follt.'.ry place,
Asd <9ver my retrea: from human race.

Dryder's Virgil.

3. To hide by fuperficial appearances.

4. To overwhelm ; to bury.

Raillery and wit ferve only to f«vrr nonfenfc
with fliamc, when rcafon has firft proved it to be
mere nonfenfc. Watti.

5. To conceal from notice or punilhment.

Charity fliaU c»ttjr the multitude of fins.

iP.(.r,iv. 8.
Thcu may'ft repent.
And one bad aft with many deeds well done
May'rt Ciller. MiltoB.

6. To Ihelter ; to proteft.

His calm and blamelefs life
Does with fubftantial Weffednefs abound.
And the foft wings of peace cover him round.

Cnuley.

7. To incubate ; to brood on.

Natural hi.'lorians obfenc, that only the male
birds have voices j that their fongs begin a little
before breeding time, and end a little after; that,
whilft the hen is covering her eggs, the male
generally takes his ftand upon a neighbouring
bcugh within her hearing, and by that means
amufes and diverts her with his fongs during the
whole time of her fitting. Addijimt SfeBator.

8. To copulate with a female.

9. To wear the hat, or garment of the
head, as a mark of fuperiority or inde-
pendene ■.

The king had conferred the honour of grandee
upon him, which was of no other advantage or
fignification to him, than to be covered in the
prelence of that king. Dryden.

Co'vER. n. /. [from the verb.]

1 . Any thing that is laid over another.

The fecundine is but a general cover, not fliap»d
according to the parts; the ikin is fhaped according
to the parts. Bacon.

The fountains could be ftrengthened no other
way than by making a lirong cover or arch over
them. Burnet'i Theory.

Oreftes* bulky rage,
Unfatisfied with margins dofely writ,
f oam» o'er the averi, and not finifli'd yet.

Drydt-ns Juvenal.
With your hand, or any other cover, you flop
the veffei fo as wholly to exclude the air.

Ray oil the Creation.

2. A concealment ; a fcreen ; a veil ; a
fuperficial appearance, under which
fomething is hidden.

The truth and reafon of things may be artifi-
cially and eft'edtually infinuated, under the cover
either of » real fait ot of a fuppofed one. /- Eflr.

As the fplcen has great ineonvtniencies, fo the
pretence bf it is a hanJfome cover for impe rtec-
tions. Collier on the Splein.

3. Shelter; defence from weather.- '

In the mean Ufni, by being compelled to lodge
in tlic lieU, wh^i-h grcvV now to be 'very coM,
whilft his army was under cover^ they might be
forced to retire. Chrcndon.

C0VER-SHA.ME. H./. [ctmer zni Pame.]
Some appearance uled to conceal in-
famy. '■•

C O V

Does he put on holy garments for a eover-Jhame
of IcwJnefs ? Drydens Spanifh Friar.

Co'vERiNG. n.f. [itom cover.'] Drefs j
vefture ; any thing fpread over anorher.

The women took and fpread a covering over the
well's juauth. 2 5am. xvli. 19.

Brinj feme covering for this naked foul,
, ■V^'hom I'll intreat to lead me. Skak. KingLear-

Through her flelh methinlcs is feen
The brighter foul that dwells within ;
Our eyes the fubtle covering pafs.
And lee the lily through its glafs. Conlef,

Tlicn from the floor he rais'd a royal bed,
"With cov^ringi of Sidoni an purple fpread.

Dry den' I Fables*

Sometimes Providence cafts things fo, that truth
.ind intcreft lie the fame way ; and when it is wrapt
up ill this covering, men can be content to follow
jt. South.

Co'vERLET, n. /. [cowvreliil, French.]
The outerinoft of the bedclothes ; that
under which all the reft are concealed.

Lay her in lilies and in violets.
And filkcn curtains over her difplay,
Andodour'd (heets, and Mtis coverlets, ^enftev

This done, the hoft produc'd the gcnla! bed^
Whicli with no coftly coverlet they fpread.

Dryden': Fahhs.

I was, for want of a houfe and bed, forcfd to lie

on the ground, wrapt up in my coverlet. Stvift.

Co'vERT. n.f. [from cover; cou-verf, Pf.}

1. A ftielter ; a defence.

Let mine outcalfs dwell with thee, Moab ; be
thou a covert to them from the face of the fpoiler.

IJaiah, xvi. 4..

There Ihall be a tabernacle for a ihadow in the
day-time from the heat, and for a place of refuge,
and for a coven from ftorm and rain. Jfaiah, iv. 6.

They are by fudden alarm, or watch-word, to
be called out to their military motions, under (ky
or covert, according to the feafon, as was the
Roman wont. Milton on Education.

It was the hour of night, when thus the Son
Commun'd in filent walk, then laid him dovva
Under the hofpitable covert nigh
Of trees thick interwoven. _ RTiUon.

Now have a care your carnations catch not too

much wet, therefore retire them to covert. ,

Evclyn'i KiiUndar,

2. A thicket, or hiding place.

Tow'rds him I made j but he was 'ware of mf.
And ftole into the cwcrr of the wood.

Shakefpeari't Romeo and Juiit.
I fliall be your faithful guide.
Through this gloomy covert wide. Afi4c».
Thence to the coverts, and the ccnfcious groves.
The fcenes of his pad triumphs and his loves.

Denhamr
Deep into fome thick covert wroulj I run.
Impenetrable to the ftars or fun.

Drydrn't Stae ej Inntcrnce.
The deer is k>dg'd ; I vc track'd her to her co-
vert: ■ ' , "
Be fure ye mind the word ; and when I give it,
Rufh in at once, and ftize upon your picy.

Mdifon't Calo,

Qo'vtE RT, a^. [coti'vert, French.]
1'. Sheltered ; not open ; not expofed.

You art, of either file the green, to plant 3
covat alley, upon carpenter's work, about twelve
foot in lif ight, by which you may go in fliade into
the garden. '. . . •^'"■'"'*

The fox is a bead alfo very prejudicial to the
hulbandman, efpeciJly in places tli.it are near
foreft-woods and co^-eri places. Mortm:, liujbaiiiry.

Togetlie> let us 'oeat this ample field.
Try what the open, what the rt.«ir( yield.

Fobe's EJfiyt.

2. Secret ; hidden ; private ; infidious.

And let us prtfcntly go fit in council.
How tovert mittcrs may be beil <lifclos'd,
Aiki open perils furcft anfwered.

, !>liaieJi':art'sy»li»i<i/efar,

. »1

C O V

By wlut beft vvf,
Vriiethtt of open war, or cn-rri guile,
Wc now debate. Mifcjn'i VaraJtft Ltfl-

Co'vEKT. aJj. [eeuvert, French.] The
flate of a woman (heltered by marriage
uudtr her hu{band ; as cwetT" baron,
feme crjtrt. ,

Instead ct' her being under eov<rt baron, to be
Mnict covirt tcme myfelf! to have my body dif-
abled, and my head fortified '• Dryd. Sfamplr'uir.

CovfiRT-WAV. n. /. [from covtrt and
ouiiy.]

It is, in fortificttion, a fpace of ground level
with the field, on the elge of the diah, three or
tflur fathom broad, ranging quite round the half
inaons, or otht:r works toward the cot^ntry. One
of the greatert difficulties in t fiege is to make a
lodgment on tlie c:~jtn--way, becaufe ufualljr the
belieged paltifade it along the middle, and under-
mine it on all fides. It is fometimes called the cor-
ridor, and fometimes the counterfcarp, tecaufe it
is on the edge of the fcarp. Harrit.

Co'vERTLY. adv. [from eivert.'] Se-
cretly; dofelyi in priviUc; with pri-
vacy.

Yet ftill Aragnol <fo his ht was hight)
I.ay lurking, ccvertlj him to furpiife.

' How can'ft thou crofs this marriage ?—
•-Mot honeitly, my lord j but fo ccvcitly, that
no dilhoneily mall appear in me.

Shaktffijrt' s Much aik ahfjt VitVtng.

Amongft the p ets, Pcrfius cn'cnly ftrikts at

Nero ; fome of whofe verfes he r:cites with fcorn

and indignation. Drydtn,

Co'VEJLTNEES. »./. [froiD «Wr/.] Sc-

crecy ; privacy. DUl.

Co'vERTURE. It./, [from rBwr/.]

1. Slielter ; defence; not expofure.

It may be it is rather the ihaJe, or otlier cvutr-
lure, that they take liking in, than the virtue of
the herb. Bacim'z Natural Hiftcry.

He faw their Qiame, that fought
Vain cmeriura. M:lt!!n's Paradifc Lcji.

The winds fecinj fo fierce, and fo feverc, as
BOt to fuflFcr any tiling to th'ive beyond the lieijjht
of « Oirub, in thofiiflanj!, unlefs protcfleJ by
walls, or other like aixrlurt. fVooi-wirJ.

2. [In law.] The eftate and condition
of a married woman, who, by the laws
of our realm, is in potejfate "uiri, and
therefore difahled to contraft with any,
to the prejudice of herfelf or her huf-
band, without his allowance or confir-
mation. Cciuell.

The infancy of kin^ Edward VI. and the ro-
vtrivrt of queen Mary, did, in fait, difable them
«a accompbOt the conqiKft of Ireland.

Oavus ett Jrtfaiki,

To CO'VET. f. a. [con'oaiter, French.]
I. Todefire inordinately ; todefire beyond

due bounds.

If it be a fin to eovH honour,
I am the inoft offending man alive, Stak. Hin, V.

I am yet
Unknown to viorfian ; never was forfworrTj
Scarcely have cevrlti what was mine own ;
fit ni time brokr my faitb. Sha\tff. AfMitih.

O father ! can it be, that fouls f i*lime
Rstura to vtfit our tcrr«liri«l clkne ^
And that tlie fcn'rous mind, rckas'd by d<:ath.
Can {rvrl laiy limbs and mortal breath >

Vwydin^t ^nt'ij.

Z. To defirc earneilly.

All tilings etvfimg as much ai may be to be
like onto God in being ever ; th»t which cannot
hereunto attain perfonally, doth fcfk to coat uue
itfetf »iother way, by oft>pting and propagation.

liltktr.

But i»atfear«eftly the bcil gifts, i Cn. «ii. 31.

c o u

To Co'viT. V. ti. To have a ftrong defire.

The love of money is the root of all evil, which
while fome aveieJ iiftir, they ha»e «rred from
the faith. t Tim. »i.

Co'vETABiE. /r<i''. [from cwef.] To be
wilhed for ; to be coveted. Di^I.

Co'vETlSE. a. /. [eoavoiti/e, French.]
Avarice ; covetoufnefs of money. Not
in ufe.
Mod wretched wight, whom hothing might
fuffice,
Whofi: greedy luft did lack in greateft ftore ;
Whofc need had end, but no end coveii/e. Fairy ^

Co'vETous. aiij. [co/niciteux, French.] ,_
J . Inordinately defirous ; eager.

While cumber'dwith my dropping cloaths I lay.
The cruel nation, ecvrtait of prey,
Stain'd with my blood th' unhof|,. -ble coaft.

Dryden'i JEndi.

I. Inordinately eager of money ; avari-
cious.

Ail heart they haw extrcifed with eayetcut prac-
tices. * f""'! "'• '4-

What lie cannot help in his nature, you muft
not account a vice in him : you muft in no ways
fay he is ri-vttous. Sbahcjpcare.

Let never fo much probability hang^on one fide
of a ewcltus man's rcifoning, and money on tlic
other, it is eafy to forefce which will outweigh.

3. Defirous; eager: in a good fenfe.

Sheba vyas never
More tn'itous of wifdom and fair virtue.
Than this fair foul (hall ix. Sbukeffi. Ilcitry VIII.
He that is envious or angry at a virtue that is
not his own, at the perfection or excellency of bis
neighbour, is not covetom of the virtue, but of its
reward and reputation ; and then his intentions air
polluted. Taylor' i Rule of Living Ihly.

Co'vETOtTsL Y. W-u. [ffom fe^t/w.] A-
varicioully ; eagerly.

If he care not for "t, he will fiipply us eafily ; if
\it cswtiujly referve it, how fliall 's get it ?

Shalicfpeart.

Co'vETOusNEss. »./. [from covetous.']

1. Avarice; inordinate defire of money ;
eagernefs of gain.

He that takes pains to ferve the ends of eovetcuf-
tiffs, or mihifters to another's luit, or keeps a (hop
of impurities or intemperance, is idle in the worfl
fcnfc. Tayltr's Holy Limri^.

Cmil^ufntfs dcbafcth a man's fpirit, and finks it
into the earth. TUlcrfcn.

2. Eagernefs ; defire : in a neutral fenfe.

When workmen drive to do better than well.
They do confound their (kill in ecvtloufneff.

Shakefptan^s King y<ihn.

Co'vEY. «•/ [nuvis, French.]

1. A hatch; an old bird with her ynung
ones.

2. A number of birds together.

A flight of wafps and covey of partridges went
to a farmer, and begged a fup of him to iioench
their thirft. VEflrar.ge.

A tovey of partridges fpringing in eur front, put
our infantry in difmtrr. AMijt,ns f'rcitcUtr.

There w;)i«ld be no walking in a Ihady wood,
without fpringing a tavey of toafts.

AiMan'i Guartlian.

COUGH, ft./, [hub, Dutch.] A convul-
fion of the lung«, vellic.ited by fome
(harp fcrolity. It is pronounced csj'.

Ill C-'iifu.nptiii'5 of the lungs, when natuic can-
not expel the cM/h, men fall into fluxes of th>-
beJly, and then they die. BMini Natural Hijlury.

For his dear fike Ion,; reO.lefir nights you bore.
While rattling ccughi lis heaving vefiels tore.

Smth.

To Couch. i>. n. [iucie/i, Dutch.] To
h»ife the lungs convulted ; to make a

c o u

Hoife in endeavouring to evacaate the
peccant matter from the lungs.

Thou didit drink
The ftalc of borfei, and the gilded puddle
Which beatU would cngh at.

Sitkeffearr' I Ailxiy and Cleofatrel,
Thou haft quarrelled with a man for caighirg
in the ftrcct, bccaufe he hath wakened thy dog
tliat hath lain aflccp in the fun.

Sbakrjfeare'i Rimec and Juliet.

The firft problem enquireth why a roan doth

ceugt, but not an ox or cow ; whereas the contrary

is often oblerved. Brcnvn.

If any humour be difcharged upon the lungs,

they have a faculty of calling it up by coughing.

Ray on the Creation.
I cudgb like Horace, and tho' lean, am fltart^

Pope't Efifltn,

7ff Couch, -u. a. To ejeft by a cough ;
to expeftorate.

If the matter be to be difcharged by cxpeflora-
tion, it muft fird pafs int> the fuWlancc of the
lungs i then into the afpera artcria, or weafand )
and from thence lie C}ugkcd up, and fpit out by
the mouth. IViJrman^l Surgery,

Co'uGHiR. »./ [from fsa^*.] Onethat
coughs. Dm.

Co'viN. ")»./. A deceitful agreement

Co'viNE. J between two or more, to tlie
hurt of another. Ccwdl.

Co'viNC. n./. [from cei't.l A term in
building, uiedof houfes thatprojed over
the ground-plct, and the turned pro-
jefture arched with timber, lathed and
plaftered. Harris.

Could, [the imperfeft preterite of can.
SeeCAK.] Was able to ; had power to.

And if I ha\e djne well, and as is fitting the
ftory, it is that which I defired J but if flenderly
and meanly, it is that which I isuli! attain untu.
1 Mac. XV. 38.
What if he c^id not all the ill he cmM f
Am I oblig'd by that t' afiiit hit rapines.
And to maintain his murders ^

VryJeni Sfenhh Friar.
Co'uLTER. tt. /. [culler, Latin.] The
fharp iron of the plough, which cuts the
earth perpendicular to the (hare.

The liraelites went down to iharpcn every man
his (hare, ^nd his (0;</ti'r, and his ax, and his mat-
tuck. I Samuel, xiii. 20.

Literature ia ttie'giandftone to Jharpcn the csul-
icrt, to whet tiieir natural faculties.

Hanmor.d on FunitamentaU.

Theplough for fil^ clays is long and broad ; and
the ctjilttr long, and very little bending, with a
very large wing. Mortimer.

CO'UNCIL. »./. ^concilium, Latin.]

1 . An alTembly of perfons met together in
confultation.

The chief priells, and all the eounci/, fought falfe
witnefs. Matthew, xxvi. 59.

The Stygian coun.U thus dirtblv'd ; and fortii
In order came the grand infernal peers. Atillcn.

In hifturics compofcd by politicians, they are
for drawing up a perpetual fchemc of eaufes and
events, and prefcrving a comtant correfpondcncc
between the camp and the auneil table.

Mdijtn's Sfeftattr..

2. Aft of publick deliberation.

The fceptcr'd heralds call
To ccuncil in tho city gates ■. anon
Grey-headed men and grave, with warriors m'x'd,
AtTenble, ,ind harangues arc htard. Miiim.

3. An aftimbly of (hvines to deliberate
upon religion.

Some boriow all {heir religion from the fathers
of the ChrilKan church, or from their fynods or
ceuiuih. ff'atti.

4. I'erfons called together to be confulted

Ion any occaiion, or to give advice.
They

c o u

TJity being thus afTsmblcd, arf more properly a
rcuncil 10 the king, the great council of the king-
dom, to advife his inajcfty in thofe thing- of
weight and dilliculf . walub concern both the king
and people, than a court. Baar'! Adv. ti VillUrs-

5. The body of privy coanfellors.

Without the knowledge
Either of king or aur.cil, you made bold
To carry into Flanders the grc:it feal.

Sbaiefffure-i Henry VIII.

CoOHCit-BOARD. tt. /. [council and
taarcf.] Council-table ; table where
matters of Hate are deliberated.

He hath commanded.
To-morrow morning to the counc'tl-hoard
He be convened. Stuhffcare's Hetiry VIII.

When ihip-money was tranlafied at the cour.cit-
hcarJ, they looked upon it as a work of that power
they were obligtd to trufl. Clartndin.

And Pallas, if (he broke the laws,

Mul"^ yield her foe the ftrongcr caufe ;

A Ihame to one fo much ador'd

For uifdom at Jove's covncil-hoard, Sicift.

CO'UNSEL. «./. [coxJlUum, Latin.]
-I. Advice; direftion.

Tl.^rc is as much difference between the counffl
that a friend giveth, and that a man giveth him-
felf, as there is between the ntmfel of a friend ana
of a flatterer. Bacon.

The beft emrtfil he couU give him was, to go to
his parliament. C/artaJcn.

Bereave me not,
Whereon I live, thy gentle looks, thy aid.
Thy coujffclf in this utceimoft dirtrefs. Miifoti.

2. Confultaticn ; interchange of opinions.

1 hold as little counfei with weak fear
As you, or any Scot rhat lives. Shah. Benry I V.

3. Deliberation; examination of confe-
quences.

They all confefs, therefore, in the working of
that firft caufe, that cminftl is ufed, reafon fol-
lowed, and a Wiy obferved. hosier.

4. Prudence ; art ; machination.

O how comeiy is the wlfdom of old racp, and
undcrflanding and counfei to men cf honour.

Ecclus. XXV. 5.

There is no wifdom, nor underllanding, ncr
counfelj againll the Lord. Pr:v. xxi. 30.

5. Secrecy ; the fecrets entrulied in con-
fulting.

Theplayen cannot kccpc«i</</; they'll tell all.
■ Sbakejpeare.

6. Scheme; purpose; defign. Notiri ufe.

The ciunfcl of the Lcrd (l.indcth for ever, the
thoughts of his heart to all gencrationT*.

Pjtlm xxxiii. II.
O Cod, from whom *ll holy defircr, all good
counjilsy and all jufl works do proceed.

Cojrmcn Pra\'er.

7. Thofe that plead a canfe ; the coan-
fellors. This feems only an abbreviature
ufual in converfation.

Vour hand, a covenant ; we will have thefc
things fct down by lawful caunfti. Shak, Cymheilne.
For the advocates and ccunfti that plead, pa-
tience and gravity of -learning is an efl'cntial part
ofjufiicc; and an ovrrfpeaking judge is no we'J-
tuncd cymbal. Bacon,

What fays mycounft/ learned in the law ? Pifi.
TtfCo'oNSEL. 1'. a. [ccnjiltor, Latin.]
I. To give advice or ccunfel toanyperfon.
But Uy, Lucrtta, now we are alone.
Would' rt thou then counfei me to fall in love ?

Sk^ii/^cart,
Truth Ihall nurfe her ;
Holy anil heav'niy thoughts rti!l aunfel her.

Staieff^art; Henry VIU.

There is danger of being unfaithfully counfclUJ,

and more for the r-ood of them that sounfel th m for

hioi that in counjellid, Baait.

Ill fortune nccr crufhitd that man whom good

fortune decen'td not ; 1 thcicf«re have (tuifciUd

c o u

my friends rerer to trull to her fairer fide, though
flic feemed to make peace with them.

Ben jfonfoni DifcO'.eriet.
He fupports my poverty with his wealth, and 1
counfei and inflruQ him with my learning and ex-
perience. Teyhr.

z. To advife any thing.

The left had been our (hame.
The lefs his counfeWd crime which brands the
Grecian name. Dryden't f^'klcs.

Go'uNSELLABLE. aiij. [ from coun/tLI
Willing to receive and follow the advice
or opinions of others.

Very few van of io great parts were more cour-
fellaUe than he ; fo that he would feldom be in
danger of great errours, if he would communicate
his own thoughts to difquifition. Clarendon.

Co'uNSELLOR. n.f. [fiom cDun/el. This

ftiould rather be written coun/eller ."]
1. One that gives advice.

His mother was liis counfellor to do wickedly.

%Chron. xxii. 3.

She would be a counfellor of good things, and a

tomfort in cares. H^ifJom, viii. 9.

Death of thy foul ! Thofe linen cheeks of ihine

Are courfelhis to fear. Stoieffearc't Macbeth.

z. Coitfidant ; boibm friend.

In fuch green palaces the firft kings rcign'd, '
Slept in their fhades, and angels entcrtain'd \
With fuch old covnfelhri they did advife,
And b\ frcquentinK facred groves grew wife.

WJler.

3. One whofe province is to deliberate and
advife upon publick aiTair."^.

-Vou are a ccunftllorf
And by that virtue no man date accufe you.

Shaicfpcare'tUesryVin.
Of counfello-t there are two loits: the firft,
conjSiarii nali, as I may term them ; fuch are the
prince of Wiles, and others of the king's fons :
but the ordinary fnrt of coi/nfellors are fuch as the
king, out of a dae confideration of their worth
and abilities, and withal of their 'fidelity to hit
pcrfon and to his cr<jwn, callcth tn be of council
with him, in his ordinary government.

Bticons Adflcc to VUlieri.

4. One that is confultcd in a cafe of law ;
a lawyer.

A ctur.fcllor bred up in the knowledge of the
municipal and ftatute laws, may honeftly inform a
juft prince how far his prerogative extends.

Drydent "Juvenjlf Dedication.
Co'lTNSELLORSHir. ti. /. [from counfel-
lor.] The office or poft of a privy coun-
fellor.

Of the great offices and officers of the king-
dom, the moft part are fuch as cannot well be
fevered from the counfellor fhip.

Bacon's AJi'ice to t'llliert.
To COUNT, t/. a. [compter, fx. cemjiu-
tare, Latin.]

1. To number; to tell.

Here thro" this grate I can count every ore.
And view the Frencnmen. Shakefpeare'i Henry VI.
The vicious count their years; virtuovis, their
afls. ycbnfon.

For the preferments of the world, he that wuuld
reckon up all the accidents that tbcy depend upon,
may as well undertake to count the lands, or to fum
up infinity. South.

When men in ficknefs lingering lie,
1 hey count the tedious hours by months and years.

Dry den.
Afgos now rejoice, for Thebes liea low ;
Thy llaughtcr'd fons now fmile, and think they

won,
When they can count more Theban ghofts than
theirs. DrydcK.

2. To prefcrve a reckoning.

Some people in America counted their years by
the conung of certain birds amon^it them at their
certain fcaf ms, a.id Icavirjj them at others, Locke.

c o u

3. To reckon ; to place to an account.

He believed in the Lord, and he courted, it to
him tor righccoufnefs. Ccncfisf xv. 6.

Not barely the plowman ''s pains Js to be counuj
into the vbrcad we eat ; the labjur ot thofe who-
broke the oxen, muft all be charged on the ac-
count of Jab )ur. Lochc,

4. -To efteem ; to account ; to reckon ;
to confider as having a certain charac-
ter, whether good or evil.

When once it comprehended any thing above
this, as the differences of time, affirmations, nega-
tions, and contradictions in fpeech, we then court: it
to have fome ufe of natural realbn. Hooker,

Count not .thine handmaid .for- a daughter of
Belial. I Sam, u

Nor fhall I count it heinous to enjoy
The publiclc marks of honour and reward
Conferr'd upon me»- .Alilton'i AgorA^.a^

Vou wjuld not wifh to count this m^ti a iot 1
In frlendlhip, and in hatred, obilinate.

ThiHpiU Britom,

5. To impute to ; to charge to.

All th* impoiTi bill ties, which p^ets
Count to extravagance of loofc dcfcription,
Shall fooner be. Reiuc's Amhitious Stepmother*

To Count. «z;. ff. To found an account or
fcheme : with upon,

I think it a great errour to ft«n?r/^c» the genius
of a natiuii, as a llandiag argument 111 all ages*

Siviff*
Count, n.'f, [comfte, French; com^uiusa

Laiin.]
J. Number.

That wc up to your palace*; may mount,-
Of biclTcd faints for to incrcafe the count,

Spenjer\ E^ithaU

z. Reckoning ; number fammed.

By my count,
I was your mother much upon thefc years. Shak*

ijince I faw you laft,
There is a change upon you.——"

•~- Well, I know not

What cQunti hard fortune cafts upon my face.

Sbakefpfarg,

Count, n. /. [comte, Fr. row^j, Latin.]
A title of foreign nobility, fuppofed
equivalent to an earl.
Co'uNTABLE. acfj . [ffom count.l That
which may be numbered.

The evils which jou dcllre to be recounted are
very iTrany, arui ulni -iJ <<.ur.f^h'c with thjfc which
were hidden in the b:;(kct of Vandora.

Sffcnj'er^s JreUrd,

COUNTENANCE. «. / [ccnUnance,
French.]

1 . The form of the face ; the fy ftem of the
features.

2. Air ; look.

A made ccuntenajuc about her mouth, between
fiiiipcring and imiling \ her head, bowed fomewh.it
down, feemed to langt-ilfi withovci-muchidlcnfls-

Sidncy*

Well, Sufluik, yet thou fhalt not fee me blulh,
Nor change my countenjncc for this arrcit ;
A heart anfpotted is not callly daunted*

hhakefpcarii Henry VJ,

S J fpakc our fire, and by his £ount'' nance rem'd
E.itcring on ftudiou? thoughts r^ilrufc. Mi'tct,

To whom, with tount^nur.iC calm, and Ami f-'djtc,
Thus Turnus. Diyd^n'xj^./uid,

3. Calmnefs of look ; compofure of face.

l;ht (.iiU'd fcvcrcj nor With a troubled look.
Or tr-^mbling hand, the fun'ral rrel'rnt took j
Ev'n kept her ccunt^nancct whrn the lid lemov'd
Dilcloi'd the heart unfortunately lovM.

Mryde'i's Fjbkt*

The two great maxims of any great man at

court arc, always to keep his ccuntenar.cti and nc v?r

to keep hia wurd. S-.i'/t,

4. ConiidciKe

c o u

4. Confi|lence oF mien ; afpeft of a/Tur-
ance : it is commonly uied in thcfe
phrafes, in countenance, ana tut tf coun-
tenance.

The night beginning to perfu3dc fome retiring
place, the gentlewoman, even mt of cautiinancc be-
fore (he began her fpcech, invited me to lodge tliat
night with her father. Sidney.

We will not make y oat cdrniteitanei to fall by the
«nfwer ye fliall receive. Barm': Nnu Ailar.iii.

Their beft friends were cut of ci>urier,anii, bccauft;
they found that the imputations, whicli their ine-
tnies had laid upon them, were well grounded.

Clcrttid'in.

Yoor examples will meet it at every turn, and
put it Mt of countir.ance in every place ; even in
private comers it will foon lofe confidence.

Sfratfs Serjnoni,

If the outward profefiion of religion and virtue
were once in praflicc and coummance at court, a
good treatment of the clergy would be the neccf-
firy confequence. Sieifi.

If thofe preachers would look aboat, the}' would
find one part of tlieir congregation oui of counie-
nanct, and the otlier afleep. . S-!uifi.

It is a kind of ill manners to ofter objedlions to
a fine woman, and a man would be cut of iounu-
rtance that Aiould gain the I'upcriority in fuch a
conteft : a coqocttc logician may be rallied, bu>
not contiadided. Mdijini FrtthiliUr.

It puts the learned in coumtnanccy and gives
them a place among the faOiionable part of man-
kind. _ AJdifin't Fmbotder.

5. Kindnefs or ill-will, as it appears upon
the face.

Vet the ftout fairy, 'mongft the middeft crowd.
Thought all their glory vain in knightly view.
And thatgre.it princels too, exceeding proud.
That to flrange knight no better countenance al-
low'd. Sfenfer.

6. Patronage ; appearance of favour ; ap-
pearance on any fide ; fupport.

The church of Chrift, which held that profefiion
which had not the publick allowance and counte-
fia«« of authority, could not ufe the excrcilc of
the Chriftian religion but in private. Hooker.

His majefty maintained an army here, to give
ftrcngth and countenance to the civil magiftratc.

Davies on JreUnd.
, Now then we 'II ufe

•His countenance for the battle ; which being done.
Let her who would be rid of hir.i devife
His fpeedy taking off. Stak^ffcre's King Lear.
_ This is the magiftrate's peculiar province, to
give countenance to piety and virtue, and to icbukc
vice and profancnefs. Ailcrbury.

7. Superficial appearance ; fliow ; refem-
blance.

The election being done, he made countenance of
great difcontent thereat. Ajcham's Schoolmafter.

Oh, you bleflcd minifters above !
Keep me in patience, and with ripcn'd time
Unfold the evil, which is here wrapt up
In countenance. Shalteffeare'i Meajurefor Miafure,

Bianca's love
Made me exchange my ftatc with Tranio,
While he did bear my countaiauce in the town.

Sbakeffeare.

7« Co'uNTENANCE. V. a. [from the
■oun.]

1. To fupport ; topatronife ; to vindicate.

Neither /halt thou counicname a poor man in his
c»ak. Excdus.

This conceit, though countenanced by learned
men, is not made out cither by experience or rea-
fcn. _ Brciun.

This national fault, of being fo very talkative,
looks natural and graceful in one tJiat h.is gny
hairi to countenance it. Adjifon.

2, To make a fhow of.

Each to thefc ladies love did countenance.
And to his miftrcfs each himfcif ftrovc to advance.

Sfenfer.

CO tj

3 . To aft fuitably to any tiling ; to keep
up any appearance.

Malcolm ! Banqu") t
As from your graves rife un, and walk like fprites.
To t'ovnterantc this horrour. Shjkeff. Macbeth.

4. To encourage ; to appear in defence.

At the firll defcent on tliore he was not immured
with ^ wooden vefiel, but he Hi ^ountcnjnct the
landing in his long-boat. Wotton.

Co'uNTENANCER. «. /. [froffl counte-
nance ■'[ One that countenances or fup-
ports another.
Co'uNTER. ff./ [from <■«!««/.]
I.. A falfe piece ef i&oney i;^e4 as a means
of reckoning.

Will jou with rati^iT fum

The valt proportion of his infinite ? Sbaieffrare.

Though thei'e half-pence are to be received as

money in the Exchequer, yet in tiaJe they arc no

better thin counHrs. Suift'i Cinjid. oa Wood's Coin.

2. Money, in contempt.

When Marcus Brutus grows. fo covetous.
To lock fuch rafcal csurteri from his frierids,
Be ready, gods I with alt your thunder-bo^ts
U.ilh him to pieces. Sbakcjpvarc'i yul]ut Cafat*^

3. The table on which goods are viewed,
and money told, in a lliop.

A fine gaudy minx, that robs aat countert every
night j and then goes out, and fpcnds it upon our
cuckold-makers. Dryden.

In half-whipt muHin needles ufelefs lie.
And ibutUecocks acrofs the counter Ry.

Gay'iTriv'ia.
Sometimes you would fee him behind HJ^eaumer
felling broadcloth, fometimcs mcafuring linen.

A)-buibnot.
\V'hcther thy counter fliine with fums untold.
And thy wide-grafping hand grows black with
gold. Swift.

4. Counter c/'"^ //i;r/<, is that part of a
horfe's fore-hand that lies between the
(houlder and under the neck. Far. Diil.

Co'u N T E R . adv. [con/re, Fr. contra, Lat.]

1. Contrary to; in oppofition to: it is
commonly ufed with the verb run, per-
haps by a metaphor from the old tour-
naments.

Shall we ereft two wills in Cod's, and make the
will of his purpofe and intention ruti aur.ier to the
will of his approbation? S:utb.

The profit oi the merchant, and the gain of the
kingdom, are fo far from being always parallels,
that frequently they run counter one to the other.

Child on Trade.

He thinks it brave, at his firfi fetting out, to
fignalize himfeU in tunning counter to all the rules
of virtue. Locke.

2. The wrong way ; contrarily to the right
courie.

How cheerfully on the falfe trail tbey cry.
Oh, tJiis is counter, you falfe Danilh dogs!

Sbakeffearo'i llamlct.

3. Contrary ways.

A man, whom I cannot deny, may oblige me to
ufe perfuafions to anethcr, which, at the fame
time I am fpeaking, I may wiili may not prevail
on him ; in this cafa, it is plain, the will and the
defirc run counter. Locke,

4. The face, in oppofition to the back.
Not in ufe.

They hit une another with darts, as the other do
with their hands, which they never throw counter,
but at the back of the flyer. Sandys s 'J.-urnal.

5. This word is often found in compofi-
tion, and may be placed before either
nouns or verbs ufed in a fenfe of oppofi-
tion.

1'hat delign was no fooner known, but others
of an oppofitc party were appointed to let a counter.
petition on foot. Cla'cnditi.

c o u

To Countera'ct. "v. a. [counter and
a^}.] To hinder any thing from its effeft
by contrary agency.

In this cafe we can find no priitciple within him
Urong enough 10 counteraU that piinciplc, and to
relieve him. South.

To CountErba'lance. v. a. [counter
and balance. "l To weigh againft ; to aft
againft with an oppofite weight.

There was lb much air drawn out of the vefl'cl,
that the remaining air was not able to counterba-
lance the mercurial cylinder. Hoyle.

Few of Adam's children are not'bom with feme
bias, which it is the hufincfs of education either to
take off, or counterbalance. Lock**

Counterba'lance. n. f, [from the
verb. ] Oppofite weight ; equivalent
power.

But peaceful kings, o'er martial people fet.
Each other's poife and counterbalance arc.

Dryden's An. Mirah,

Money is the counterbalanei 10 all other things
purchofcable by it, and lying, as it were, in the
oppofite fcale of commerce. Locke.

To Counterbu'fp. v. a. [from counter
and buff.] To impel in a direftion op-
pofite to the former impulfe ; to ftrika
back.

The giddy (hip, betwixt the winds and tides
f orc'd back and forwards, in a circle rides,
Stunn'd with the different blows j then /booti

amain.
Till counterbuff'd fhe flops, and deeps again.

, Diyden.

CouNTERBU FF. w. /. [counfer And buff.]
A blow in a contrary diredlion ; a ftroke
that produces a recoil.

He at the fecond gave him fuch a counterbuf,
that, bccaule Fhalantus was not to be driven from
the laddie, the faddlc with broken girths was driven
from the horfe. Sidney,

Go, captain Stub, lead on, and fhow
What houfc you come trt, by the blow
You give Sir Quintin, and the cuf}'
You 'Icape o' th' fandbags couniabuff. Benjonfon.
Co'untercaster. n. /. [from counter^
for a falfe piece of money, and ca/ier.]
A word of contempt for an arithmeti-
cian ; a book-keeper i a cafter of ac-
counts ; a reckoner.

I, of whom his eyes had fecn the proof
At Rhodes, at Cyprus, muft be let and calm'd
By debtor and creditor, this countcrcafter.

Staielpcare's Othello.

Co'unterchance. ;;.y: [counter and
change.] Exchange; reciprocation.

She, like harmlcfs lightning, throws her eye
On him, her brothers, mc, her malUr, hittliig
Eich objcfl with 3 joy. The counicrchjngi
Is fcvVaily in all. Shakcfpcare's Cyn:beline.

'To Co'unterchance. v. a. To give
and receive.

Countercha'r.m. n. /. [counter and
charm.] That by which a charm is
diflblved ; that which has the power of
deftroying the efiefts of a charm.

Now touch'd by countcrcbarmj they change agtin.
And ftand nvijefiick, and rccall'd to men,

■fo Co u N T E R c H A R M . v./z. [from Counter

and charm.] To deftroy the eifed of an

enchantment.
Like a fpell it was to keep us invvlnci-aUc, and

fo ciuntircbarm all our crimes, that they Jhould

only be aftive to ple:ife, not hurt us.

, Decay of Piety.

To Co u N T E R c H e'c K . ■«. <r. [counter <ind

eheci.] To oppofe ; to flop with fudden

oppofition.

COUKTER-

c o u

^JCouNTERCHE'cit. It. f. [from the Verb.]
' Stop J rebuke.

If again I faid his beard was not well cut, he
would fay I lye: this is called the teurtercbecl
quarrelfome. - Sbaktffearc.

■7a Counter dra'w. v. a. [from counter
and dra'w.'] With painters, to copy a
defign or painting by means of a fine
linen cloth, an oiled paper, or other
tranfparent matter, whereon the ftrokes,
appearing through, are traced with a
pencil. Chamber!.

.Countere'vidence. n./. [counter and
e^idence.'\ Teftimony by which the de
pofition of fome former witnefs is op
pofed.

Senfe itfelf detefls !ts.motc palpable deceits by a
nutitfr- evidence, and the more ordinary impofturcs
fddom outlive the experiments.

ClamiilU'i Stipfn.

We have litlle reafon to queftion his tellimony

in this point, feeing it is backed by others of good

credit i and all becaufc there is no ccunierciiidence,

nor any witnefs, that appears againft it.

BurMt'irheorj of the Earth.
To CO'UNTERFEIT. ^. «. [contrefaire,

Fr.]
1. To copy with an intent to pafs the copy
for an original ; to forge.

What art thou,
That f OBBffr/'ciri the perfon of a king?

Shakrffrare't Henry IV.

ft came into this prieft's fancy to caufc this lad
to cisunierfe'it and pcrfonate the fecond fon ol Ed-
ward IV. I'uppofed to be murdered.

Bacon' 1 Hmry VII.

There have been fome that could countirfca the
diftance of voices, which is a fecondary objeft of
bearing, in fuch fort, as, when they (land faft by
you, you would think the fpeech came from afar
off in a fearful manner. Bacon i Natural WJlory.

Say, lovely dream, where couldft thou find
Shadows to ctunlerfrit that face .' H^allir.

Jt happens, that not one fingle line or thought
is contained in tbu impollure, although it appears
that cliey who aumerfeited me had heard of the
true one. _ S-wlft.

a. To imitate ; to copy >- to refemble.

And.oh, you mort:il engines! whofe rude throats
Th' immortal Jove's dread clamours eaunierfeir,
*■»««■=" ' Sbjhffeare-i Oikelh.

O 1.VC ! in evil hour thou did'ft give ear
To that falie worm, of whomfoevcr taught
To cunterfat man's v .ice. MHin's PuraMfe LoJI.
To cnntcrf.it, is to put on the l.k nr-fs a.id ap.
peirance of fome real excellency : Briftol-ftoncs
would not pretend to be diamonds, if there never
had been diamonds. Ttllotfcn

Co' u N T E R F E I T. adj. [from the verb. ]
I. That which is made in imitation of
another, with intent to pafs for the ori-
ginal ; forged ; fiftitious.
I learn
Now of my own experience, not by talk,
^ Huw ctiunlirfc'ii a coin they are, who friends

Bear in their fuperfcription ; in profperous days
Thrry fwarm, but in adverfe withdraw their :.cad.

Milttn.
General obfervations drawn from particulars,
are the jewels of knowledge, comprehending great
ftore in a little room ; but they ate therefore to be
mit^e with the greater care and caution, left, if we
take c'Mnterfeii for true, our Ihamc be the greater,
when our ftock comes to a fevcre fcrutiny.

2. Deceitful ; hypocritical.

True friends appear Icfs mov'd thin courterfelt.

Counterfeit. «./. [from the verb.]
One who perfonatss another ; an im-
pollor.
Vol. I.

c o u

I am no fsvntrfeit ; to die is to be a etunitrfiit ;
for he is but the cttunttrfcU of' a man, who hatli
not the life of a man. Shaiefpeare.

This pried, being utterly unacijuiinted with the
true perfon, according to whofe pattern he fliould
(hape his ccunterftit, yet could tiiink it polJble for
him to inftrudt his pi iyer, either in gellure or
falhions, or in fit anfweis to queftions, to come
near the rcfemblance. Bacor.

But truft me, child, I 'm much inclln'd to fear
Some counterfeit in this your Jupiter. Addil.O-uid.

i. Something made in imitation of ano-
ther, intended to pafs for that which it
refcmbles ; a forgery.

My father was I know not where.
When I was ftampt. Some coiner, with his tools.
Made me accunterfcit; yet my mother fce.-n'd
The Dian of that time. Shaie/feare'i Cymbilinc.
There would be no counterfeits but for the fake
of fomething real ; though pretenders feem to be
what they really are not, yet they pretend to be
fomething that really is. Tdktjon.

Co'uNTERFEiTER. »./ [from counter-
feit.'] A forger ; one who contrives co-
pies to pafs for originals.

Henry the Second altered the coin, which was
corrupted by counterftiten, to the great good of the
commonwealth. Camden.

c o q

Co'uNTERFEiTLY. <ra«if. {{rom ctunttr.
feit.] Falfely; fiftitioufly ; with forgery.

Since the wifdom of their choice is rather to
have my cap than my heart, I will praflife the in-
finuating nod, and be off to them moft cour.ter-
f"'h' Shakef/ieare't Cor'iolar.ut.

Counterfe'rment. n.f. [counter and
ferment.] Ferment oppofed to ferment.

What unnatural motions and countcrfemunii
muft a medley of intemperance produce in the
body ! When I behold a falhionable table, I fancy
.1 fee innumerable diftempers lurking in ambufcadc
among the diflies. Mdi/onS Sfeaator.

Counter fe'sance.w./. [ctntrefaifance,
French.] The aft of counterfeiting;
forgery. Not in ufe.

And his man Reynold, with fine counlerfcfance.
Supports his credit and bis countenance.

. . . , , Hukhard; rale.

buch IS the face of falfehooJ, fuch the fight
Of foul Dueffa, when her borrow'd light
Is laid away, and csuntirfefjnce known. Fairy S.

Co'ukterfort. ff./. [from counter anti
fort.]

Coualerfortt, buttrefles or fpurs, are pillars ferv-
ing to fupport walls or terralTej fubjcft to bulge.

Cha.nlers.

Counterga'ge. K.f. [from coiwier and
goge.] In carpentry, a method ufed to
meafure the joints, by transferring the
breadth of a mortife to the place where
the tenon is to be, in order to make
them fit each other. Ch^xmbers.

Countercua'rd. n.f [from counter
and guard.] A fmall rampart, with pa-
rapet and ditch, to cover fome part of
the body of the place. Military Dia.

Counterli'cht. ;;./ [from ««/;/fr and
light.] _ A window or light oppofite to
any thing, which makes it appear to a
difadvantage. Chambers.

To Counterma'nd. ti.a. [contremander ,
French.]

I. To order the contrary to what was
ordered or intended before ; to contra-
dift, annul, or repeal a command.

In ft.ttcs nororioully irreligious, a fecrct and
irrcfiftifcle poacr coun.irmaudi their dcepvft pro-
jedls, and faiitti their poUciqs )»iUi frullration and
a «utfc. 5j»,i.

2. To oppofe ; to contradift the orders of
another.

For us to alter any thing, is to lift up ourfctvei
againll God, and, as it wete, to countermand him.

llcaker,

3. To prohibit.

Avicen cjuniermandt letting blood in choleric!:
bodies, becaufe he efieems the blood a bridle of
'"'P'''"- llar-oei.

Counterma'nd. »./ [contremand, Fr.']
Repeal of a former order.

Have you no countennand for Claudio yet.
But rauft he die to-morrow ? Stai. Mcc:J.jcr Mmf.

7» Cou N t e R M a'r c h . t;. «. [counter and
march.] To march backward ; to march

, in indiredl ways.

Counterma'rch. n.f. [from ths verb. J

1 . _ Retroceffion ; march backward ; march
in a different direftion from the former.

How are fuch an infinite number of things
placed with fuch order in the memory, notwitli-
ftanding the tumults, marches, and coiiniermarclcs
of the animal fpirils ? Calliir on Thouglt.

2. Change of meafures ; alteration 0/
conduift.

They make him do and undo, go -forward and

backwards by fuch countermarches and retra£liohs,

as we do not willingly impute to wifdom. }

Burnet's Theory of the Earth.

Counterma'rk. n.f. [counter Sind mar}.]

1 . A fecond or third mark put on a bale
of goods belonging to feveral mer-
chants, that it may not be opened but
in the prefence of them all.

2. The mark of the goldfmiths company,
to (hew the metal is ftandard, added to
that of the artificer.

3. An artificial cavity made in the teeth
of horfes, that have outgrown their na-
tural mark, to difguife their age.

4.. A mark added to a medal a long time
after it is ftruck, by which the curious
know the feveral changes in value which
it has undergone. Chamber/.

To Counterma'rk. v. a. [counter and
mark.]

A horfe is faid to be eountermarkrd, when hi*
corner teeth are artificially made hollow, a falfe
mark being made in the hollow pl.ice, in Imitation "
ot the eye of a bean, to conceal the horfe's age.

^ ^ Farrier's Dili.

Countermi'ne. ;;./ [counter and mine. ]

I. A well or hole funk into the ground,

from which a gallery or branch runs out

under ground, to feek out the enemy's

mine, and difappoint it. Military Did,

After this they rained the w./.ls, laid the pew-
der, and rammed the mouths ; but the citijens
made a countermine, and thereinto they poured fuch
a plenty cf water, that the wet powder could not
^ fi'f'i' Uaytvard.

2. Means of oppofition ; means of coun-
teraftion.

He thinking himfelf contemned, knowing no
countermine .-igainft contempt but terror, began to
let nothing pafs, which might bear the colour of
a faulr, without (harp punifliment. Sidney,

3 . A (Iratagem by which any contrivance
is defeated.

The matter being brought to a trial of (I-.ill, tlie
countermine was only an adt of felf-prcferv.itiun.

L'F/!range.

To Countermi'ne. v. a. [from the
noun.]

I. To delve a pafiage into an enemy's
mine, by which the powder may eva-
porate without mifchief.

3 Jt 2. To

c o u

Z, To counterwork ; to defeat by fecret
jpeafures.

Thus infallibly it muft be, if Cod do not mira-
Culoufl) ciunlirmiiu us, and do more for us than we
cin do againft ouifclvcs. Dicay nf Piity.

Countermo'tion. »./. [counter and mo-
tion.'] Contrary motion ; oppofition of
motion.

That refinance i« a cnuMirmotwti, or equivalent
to one, is pUin by this, that any body which is
prefled muft needs prcfs again on the body that
ptclfes it. Digh 0" 't' Scul.

If any of the returning ffirits (hoilld happen to
fall foul upon others which arc outward bound,
thefe cikntirmaticiu would oveifct them, or occalion
a later arrival. Collier.

Povntermu're. n. /. [contremur, Fr.]
A wall built up behind another wall, to
fupply its place.

The great fliot flying through the breach, did
beat down houfes j but tl-x cJunurir.urey new built
againft the breach, ftinding upon a lower giound,
it feldum touched. Kr.ollo.

Counterna'tx/rai. adj. [counter and
natural.'] Contrary to nature.

A confumf.ti-n is a ccunUrnaturai hefiick ex-
tenuation of the body. Harvryoti C^njlmfthns.
Co u R T E R N o'l s E . »./. [couKtcr and noi/f.]
A found by which any other noife is
overpowered.

They endeavoured, either by a conftant fuccef-
fioD of fenluaJ delights to chirm and lull aflecp,
or elfe by a caintemtije of reyellings and tictou'-
exccflTet to dtowa, the fofter vhifpers of tjieir
confciencc. Calnmy'i Sermon.

CoOKTERo'pENlNG. «. / [counter and
opening.] An aperture or vent on the
contrary fide.

A tent, plugging up the orifice, would make the
matter tecur to the part Jirpoi'ed to receive it„an«]
maik the place for a c(^iiierofir,'mg.

Sharp's Surgery.
Cownterpa'ce. n.f. [counter &ni. pace.]
Contrary raeafure ; attempts in opppfi-
ion to any fcheme.

When the leail ccuti:crfacii are mjije to thcfr
olurions, it will then be time enough for our
TOal"conten:s. A'v/f.

Co'unterpaNE. »•/. [contrepoint, Fr.]
A coverlet for a bed, or any thing elle
woven in fijuares. It is fometimcs
written, according to etymology, coun-
terpoint.

In ivory coffers I have ftufTd ray crowns;
Jn cypnisthclls my arras c'iunttrpaniii. Shakefpearc.
.CounteRPa'rt. n.f. [counter AttA part.]
The correfpondcnt part ; the part which
anfwers to another, as the two papers
of a contr.ift ; the p.irt which fits ano-
ther, as the key of a cypher.

li fome th Rgs the laws of Normandy agreed

with tht lawj of £nglanJ ; io that they frcm to

be, 13 )t w«ie, copies or auunrferit one of another.

little's L.IW ^J England.

An old fellow with a young wench, may pafs

for a ctuntirfurl of thi» fable. L'EJIrange.

Oh counUrpat t
Of our foft fex ; well are >cu made our lords :
So bold, fo great, (o god-like are you.form'il,
How can yon love fa filly thmgs as women? Dryd.^
He is to confider the ihoughrof his author, an<|
his words, anJ to find out the cijMnterpart to each
in another lanfuage. Dyden,

In the difco»eiy, tlie twp different plots look like
emnlerpartt and copies of one another.

/IJifipn's Spe^ator.

CouNTKRPi. e'a. n./. [froai counter and

plea.] In law, a replication : as, if a

ftranger to the afUon begua dz&te to be

c o u

admitted to fay what he can for the fafe-
guard of his eflate, that which the de-
mandant allegeth againft this requeft is
called a counterplea. Coaue/L

To Counterplo't. "v. a. [counter and
plot.] To oppofe one machination by
another ; to obviate art by art.

Counterplo't. n.f. [from the verb.]
An artifice oppofed to an artifice.

The wolf that had a plot upon the kid, was
confounded by a caumarpht of the kid's upon the
wolf j and fuch a cnunicrplot as the wolf, with all
his fagacity, was not able to fmell out. L'Epratige.

Co'unterpoint. ».yr A coverlet woven
in fquares, commonly fpoken counter-
pane. See Counterpane.

To CouNTERPo'isE. T. «. [countcr z.x\ii
poife.]

1. To counterbalance ; to be equi-ponde-
rant to ; to aft againil with equal weight.

Our fpoils we have brought h»iT)e
Do more than coumerpeijc a full tl^ird part
The charges of the anion. Stakefprare's Cariolanus.
The force and the diftance of weights counter-
foijir.g one another, ought to be reciprocal.

Dighy on thf Scul.

2. To produce a contrary adion by an
equal weight.

The beavlnels of bodies muft be ccunttrpafid by
a plummet faftened about the pulley to the axis.

mikir.s.

3. To aft with equal power againft any
perfon or caufe.

!>a many freeholders of Englilh will be able to
beard and to c oiinrrr^oi/e the reft. Sptnfcrai Ireland.

Co'uNTERPOiSE. n.f. [itovn couttterini

pcife.]

1 . Equiponderance ; equivalence of weight;
equal force in the oppofite fcale of the
balance.

Take her by the hand.
And :cU her file is thine ; to whom I proroife
A ccumcrpoift, if not in thy eftate,
A balance more replete.

SlaUJpfure': All's luell sbat ends v:ell.
Faftcning thit to our exa£t balance, we put a
metalline coniitirfoife into the oppofite fcale.

Boyle's Spring ef the Air.

2. The ftate of being phrced in the op-
polite fcale of the balance.

Th' Eternal hung forth his golden fcalcs,
Wherein ail things created firft he Weigh'd,^
Tile pendulous round eaith, with balanc'd air
In counlcrpoi/e. Milton's Puradije Lifi.

3. Equipollence ; equivalence of power.

The lecond nobles are a counterpoife to ihe higher
nobiiity, that they grow not too patent. Bacon.

Their generals, by tlieir credit in the army,
were, with the magiftrates and other civil officers,
a fort of counterpoije to the power of the people.

Swift.

CountBrpo'ison. n.f. [counter ind poi-
fon.] Antidote ; medicine by which the
effefts of poitbn are obviated.

Ciuntcrpoijcns muft be adapted to the caufe; for
example, in poifun from fubiimale corrofive, and
arl'enick. Arbiiibr.it.

CountErpre'ssure. n.f. [counter and
preffure.] Oppofite force ; power afting
in contrary direftions.

Does it not all mechanick heads confound.
That troops of atoms from a'l parts aiound.
Of equal number, and of equal force.
Should to this finglc point dircdt their courfc;
That fo the ctiunitrpr;jfurc ev'ry way,
Of equal vigour, might their nnj^tions flay.
And by a fteady poifc the whole in quiet lay ?

"^ £l»(i3»'.re.

c o u

Counterpro'ject. n.f. [uutttet and
project. ] Correfpondcnt part of a fcheme.
A deax reafon why they ne^ cr fent any forces to
Spain, and why the obligation not to enter into a
tieaty of peace with Frar.cc, until that entire mo-
narchy was' yielded as a preliminary, was ftruck
out of the ccuolerfryti'i by tbe Dutch. Stvift.

To Counterpro've. v. a. [from counter
and pro've.] To take off a defign in
black lead, or red chalk, by palung it
through the rolling-prefs with anoUier
piece pf paper, both being moiftened
with a'lponge. Chamhtrt,

To COUNTERRO'L. <i/. a. [counter and
roll. This is now generally written as
it is fpoken, control.] To preferve the
power of detefting frauds by another ac-
count.

Counterro'lmbnt. n.f. [from counter-
rol.] A counter account ; controlment.

Thi'! manner of exercifing of this ofEce, hath
many teftimonics, interchangeable warrants, and
ctunterrolmeiitSj whertof each, running through the
hands, and refting in the power, of many fereral
perfons, is fufficient to aigue aj;d convince all man-
ner of falfchood. Bacon.

Co'untersc ARP. n.f. [fxom cotinter xad.
fcarp.] That fide of the ditch which is
next the camp, or properly the talus that
fupports the earth of the covert-way ;
although by this term is often under-
ftood the whole covert-way, with its
parapet and glacis : and fo it is to be
underllood when it is faid the enemy
lodged ihemfelves on the ccunterfcarp.

Harris,

To Countersi'cn. t;. a. [from counter

and fign.] To fign an order or patent

of a fuperiour, in quality of fecretary,

to render it more authentick. Thus

charters are figned by the king, and

counterfigned by a fecretary of ftate, or

lord chancellor. Chambers.

Counterte'nor. n.f. [from counter

and tenor.] One of the mean or middle

parts of mufick ; by called, as it were,

oppofite to the tenor. Harris.

i am deaf: this deafnefs unqualifies me for all

company, except a few friends with countertenor

voices. Sv^ift,

Counterti'de. n.f. [counter and irile.']
Contrary tide ; fiuftuations of the water.

Such were our ci-untertides at land, and fo
Prel'aging of the fatal blow,
In your prodigious ebb and flow. Dryden,

Counterti'me. n.f [counter axA time;
contretemps, French.]

1. The defence or refiftance of a horfe,
that intercepts his cadence, and the
meafure of his manage. Farrier'' s Did.

2. Defence ; oppofition.

Let checrfulnels on happy fortune wait,
And give not thus the countertlme to fate.

Dryden's Aarenpseke.

•Countertu'rn. n.f. [counter and turn.]
The cataftifis, called by tjic Romans ftatus, the
height and lull growth of the play, we may call
properly the cc^ntertiirn, which dcftroy^ that cx-
pe£latiun, embroils the aOion in new difficulties,
and leaves you far diftaut from that hope in which
it found you. Drylcn on Bramtitick Pocfy.

To COUNTER VA'IL. -v. a. [conha and
-valco, Latin.] To be equivalent to ; to
have equal force or value; to aft againft
with equal power.

Jn

c o u

In fome men there may be found fuch quali-
ties as art able to countervai! thofe exceptions
which might be taken againft cbcm, and Tuch nen's
authority is not likely to be ihaJccn eft'. haskin

Aud therewithal h^ Aercely at him flew,
And with important outrage him afTaii'd;
.Who, foon preparM to field', bis fword forth
drew,
And him with equal valour ccuntirvairj.

Fairy S^uefn,
The outward dreams, which defcend, mull be
of fo much force as to' ccuntervj'il all that weight
whereby the afcending fide does exceed the other.

\Vc arc to compute, that, upon balancing the
account, the profit at lall will hardly ccunter-vail the
inconveniencics tliat go along with it. L^FJirar.ge.
Counterva'il. n.f. [from the verb.]

1. Equal weight ; power or vaine fuiiicient
to obviate any cSeEL or objeftion.

2, That which has eqoal weight or value
with fomething elle.

Surely, th:: prclent pleafurc of a finful aft is a
poor csunnr-zv'tl tor the bittemefs of the rcvieif ,
wnich bifint where the action ends, and IjlU fo,
ever. Smlbi Strnctu,

Countervib'w. b./. [counter and viiiv.]

1. Oppofition ; a poilure in which two
perlbos front each other.

Mean while, ere thus via iinn'd and judg'd on
earth.
Within the gatea of bell fat fin and death.
In cour.urvirw, AH'tyn^t PaiaJi/c Lofi.

2. Contrali ; a pofition in which two diffi-
milar things illuftrate each other.

I have drawn fome line: of Llngtr's charafter,
on purp>f« to place it in cimniervinii or conttalt
with that of the otlier company. Sivifi.

To Counts rwo'rk. v. a. [counter and
•u;cri.'\ To countcraft ; to hinder any
effeft by contrary operations.

But heav'n's great view is one, and that the
whole :
That f«fr«rw*rh each folly and caprire;
That difappoints th'cfted of ev'ry vice. Pcpt.
Co'uNTESS. tt./. \_iomitiJfa,L3.X.. comtrjfe,
French.] The lady of an earl or count.

1 take it, fhe that carries up thj train,
Ii that old noble lady, the duchefs o( Norfolk.
—It is, and all t!.c rell are ccumiffei,

Sbahjfeart'i Hairy VW.

It is the peculiar happinclj of the nutitifi ot
Abingdon to ha.c been fo truly loved by you while
fhe was living, and fo gratefully honoured afttr
fhe was dead. Dryden.

Co'uNTiNC-HousE. ti.f. [count and
ht>ufe.'\ The room appropriated by traders
to their books and accounts. '

Men in tr;ide feldom think of laying out money
upBii bind, till the'r profit has brought chem in
more than tfeir tr.ide can well imploy; and tiieii
idle bagsc'jniberini,' their cnnring-houfit, put them
upon enip'/''"g them. LotL:

Co'tJWTLESS. aifj. [from couirt.'] Innu-
merable ; without number ; not to be
reckoned.

Ay, tear f ;r 'ear, and loilng kifs for kifs,
Thy brMhci Marcus tcndrs »n thy iips :
O were the fum "( thefe rliat I (Tiouli pay
CsurtUji ai d infiriite, yet would I pay tliem. ShaK

Bu; oh, her mind, that orcus which includes
L^ioni of roifchief, ctuntUfi multitudes
Of firmer cu. ft s. Domn.

By one ir*r>tfji fum of woes oppreft.
Hoary will', ere;, and igno,-antof reft,
We find the vital fpringi relax'd and worn;
Thus, thro' the round of age, to childhood we re-
< ,, '"■■"• P,hr.

I fee, I cried, h.s woes, a cmniUfi train ;
Ifee his iticAds o'erwhelia'd beneath the mj;n.

Pot it Oiijff,y.

G O U

CO'UNTRY. n.f. [conlree, Fr. cantrata,
Low Latin ; fuppoled to be contrafted
fi-om conterraia.^

1. A trail of land; a region, as diillnguifti-
ed from other regions.

They require to be examined concerning the
defcriptions of thofe countries of which tiiey would
be informed. Spran.

2. The parts of a region diftant from ci-
ties or courts ; rural parts.

Would I a houfe for h-ippinefs creft.
Nature alone fhould be the architcil ;
She 'd build it mrire convenient than great,
And doubtlef«in the cMnrrychufe her feat. CmiiUy.

1 (ee them hurry from country to town, and then
from. the town back ajjain into the country. Sfefl.

3. The place which any man inhabits, or
in which he at prefent refides.

Send out more hortes, ficirre the couriry round,
Hang thole that talk of fear. Skakeff. Macbelh.

4. The place of one's birth; the native
foil.

The king fc' on foot a reformation in the orna-
ments and advantages of our couelry. Span.

0 favc my ccuetry, beav'a 1 fliali be your Mt.

Pofc.

5. The inhabitants of any region.

All ihc couti.'ry, in a general voice,
Cried hate upon him; all their pray'rs ar.d love
Were feton Hereford. Sbakcffeaii Henry IV.
Co'uNTRY. adj.

I. Ruftick ; ruraJ ; villatickj

Cannot a country wench know, that, having
received a fhiUing from one that owes her three,
and a (hilling alfo from another that owes her
three, the remaining debts in each ol" their hands
arc c^iual ? tceie.

1 never meant any other, than that Mr. Trot
fhould confine hjmfelf to roi/iioy dances. Hfeffator.

He comes no nearer to a poiitive, clear idea of a
pofitive infinite, than the ccutitry fellow had of the
water which was yet to pafs the channel of the
river where be flood. . l.oclt.

Talk but with country people, or young people,
and you ihall find that tiie notions they apply this
name to, are fo odd, that nobody can imagine they
were taught bj a rational man. Locke.

A country gentleman, learning Latin in the
u.^ivcrfity, removes thence to his maaCon-houfe.

Itocke.

The low mechanielcs of a country town do lorae-
what outdo him. Locke.

Come, we'll e'en to our country feat repair,
T. e native home of innocence and love. Norrii,

2. Of an intcreft opposite to that of courts :
as, the country patty.

3. Peculiar to a region or people.

She laughing the cruel tyrant to fcorn, fpaltc
in her country language. 2 Maccabin, vii. ay.

.4. Rude; ignorant; untaught.

Wc. make a y^t^r.try man dumb, whom we will
not allow to fpeak but by the rules of grammar.

Dryiicns Dufrefny.

CO'UNTRYMAN. t, . /. [frOHl COUttt ry TiXlA
mait.'\

1. Opc bom in the fame country, or trai^
of ground. Locke.

6cc, who comes hae ?
My countryman ; but jet I know Mm not.

Sl'jixffcare': Maciuh.
Hr.mer, great bard 1 fo fate oroaln'd, ar.ife j
And, bold as wore his cmmrymen in fight, '

S .atch'd their fi^railinns from degrading profe.
And fee tiiclr battles in eierual hgii:. Prior.

The Bricifh I'olJii-rs adtwith greater vigour un-
der the conduct ,ot one whom ihey dnnotconfider
only as their leader, but as their oumryman.

yiil.Hftm on the Jf'ar,

2. A rullick J one that inhabits the rural
parts.

c o u

All that have bufinefs to the court, and all

coiimrymca coming up to the city, leave their wives
in the country. Craunt.

3. A farmer ; a hufbandman.

A cour.lrymati took a boar in his corn. L'EJIr,
Co'vNTY. n.f. [comte. Fr. comitatut,Lz.

tin.]
I. A fhire; that is, a circuit or portion
of the realm, into which the whole land
is divided, for the adminillration of
juftice ; fo that there is no part of the
kingdom but what lieth within feme
county. Every county is governed by a
yearly officer, called a IherifF, who puts
in execution all the commands and judg-
ments of the king's courts. Of thefe
counties four are termed county-pala-
tines, as that of Lancafter, Chefter,
Durham, and Ely. A county-palatine
is a jurifdidion of fo high a nature,
that the chief governors of thefe, by
fpecial charter from the king, feut out
all writs in their own name, and did
all things touching juftice as abfolutely
as the prince himfelf, only acknowledg,
ing him their I'uperior and fovereign.
But this power has, by a ftatute in
Henry Vlll. his time, been much a-
bridgcd. There are likewife counties
corporate, which are certain cities or an-
cient borough? upon which our princes
have thought good to beftow extraordi-
nary liberties. Of thefe London is one,
York another, the city of Chefter a
third, and Canterbury a fourth. And
to thefe may be added many mote ; as
the county of the town of Kinglloli upon
Hull, the county of the town of Haver- -
fordwert, and the coitn/y of Litchfield.
County is, in another fignification, ufed
for the county-court. Coive/l.

Dilcharge your powers unto their feveral cotirtiis.
As wc will ours. Shehfjxart'i Henry IV,

He cnught his dcith the laft cour.iy (eflinns,
where he would go to fee juilice done to a poor'
widow-woman, and her fjtherlefs children.

Mdifon's SfeStator*

2. An earldom.

3. [Compte.l A count; a lord. Now wholly
obfolfiie.

The gall.int, young, and/ noble gentleman.

The county Paris. Slai/ptjr^'s Romeo andji.liet.

He mai!e Hujh Lupu? county pjlatinc of Cherter,

and gave tint earldom to him and his heirs, to hold

, the fame ita libcre aigladsum,Jicut rex l.miiit /Ing-

/'ifi^ ad or'jnam. Dviviet. *

COVPE'E. n. /. [French ] A motion in
dancing, vvh.-'n one leg is a little bent
and fufpcndcd from the ground, and with
the other a motion is made forwards.

Chatahirs.

CO'UPLE. n.f. [coupL; Fr. copula, Lat.]

1. A ciuin or tie that holds dpgs together.

I'll keep my ftablc-fland where
I lodge my wifi ; Jil go in ««/■/« with hor.
Than when 1 feel and fee no further trij^ her. '

Shc:k'cfpeur€.,

li is in fome fort with friends ns it is w\ih dogs

in couflcs i they fhould be of the fanie'fine aril

humour. ,, VEjlranyt.

2. Two ; a brace.

He was taken up by a tcufU of fhepberi|,;^<l
by rl.em brought to iifc again. ti^nn.

A fchoclmafter, who fhall teach my ton and

y urs, I will provide; yea, though thu three Jo aift

me a »u/>/e of hundred pounds. ' jifrhmi,

3 I * . A pi«e

c o u

A piece of cTiryftal inclofcd a caij>U of drops,
<nhuh looked like water when they were Oiaken,
• though perhaps Uiey ve nothing but' bubbles of air.

••»■ By adding one to one, we have the complex idea
.•fan..;.//. X-ticki.

3. A male and his female.

, So fljall all the coufUi three,

(Eyer true in lo»ing be. Shak. ATidf. Nhbt't Dr.

Oh! alas!
1 loft a ccufle, that 'twixt heaven and earth
•Might thus have ftood, begetting wonder, as
You gracious caijJi do. Hhaiejf. fyiuicr'i TaU.
1 hive read ol a feigned coainionwcakh, where
the married oufit are permitted, before they con-
'tniQ, to fee one another naked. Bac. Nnv jitlaiilh.
- He faid : the careful ccxfle join their tears,
. And then invoke the gods with pious prayers.

DryJtH.
All fucceeding generations of men are the pro-
geny of one primitive ccufle. Bent/ey's Scrmcm.

To Co'upLE. <t». a. [copula, Latin.]
1 . To chain together.

Huntfman, I charge thee, tender well my hounds;
And CiufU Clowder with the deep-mouth'd Brach.
■ . . Shattffrart.

^, To join one to another.

What greater ills have the heavens in ftorc,
To coB/./^ coming harms with forrow paft. Sidiiiy.

And wherefoe'er we went, like Juno's fwans,
Still we went auflid and infeparable.

Sbakefftare'sAiyou Hie !l.

Put the tacbes into the loops, and ccuf/e the tent
together that it may be one. Exodus, xxvi. 11.

They behold your chafte converfation coupled
«"* 'ti"-- I Peter, iii. i.

Their concernments were fo coupled, that if
nature had not, yet their religions would have
made them brothers. Scuih.

1 hat man makes a mean figure in the eyes of
reafon, who is meafuring fylbbks and ci'upting
Thimes, when he fliould be mending his own foul,
and fecuring his own immortality. Pcpe.

3. To marry; to wed ; to join in wedlock,

1 ftall rejoice to fee you fo coupled, as may he
. fit both for your honour and your fatisfadlion.

Sidney.

I am juft going to aflift with the archbifliop, in

degrading a parfon who couplet all our beggars, by

which 1 Ihall make one happy man. Swift.

TeCo'cpLE. I'.n. Tojoin inemtraces.

Waters in Africa being rare, divers forts of
beafts come from fcveral parts to drink ; and fo
being refrcflied, fall to coaple, and many time with
fcveral kinds. e^„«.

■ Thou, with thy lofty crew,

Caft wanton eyes on the daughters of men,
And ciupted with them, and begot a race.

_ Milton': Paradife Regain'd.

That great variety of brutes in Africa, is bv

reafon of the meeting together of brutes of fcvcra'l

fpec ics, at water, and the promifcuous couplings of

niaJcs and females of fevcral fpecies.

Hate's Origin tf Mankind.
After this alliance.
Let tigers match with hinds, and wolves with

Oieep,
And every cteatore nuplt with his foe,

Dryden's Sfanijh Friar.
Couple. BEG CAR. n. f. [couple znA beg.
gar.'\ One that makes it his bufinefs to
marry beggars to each other.

No coupteOtggiir in the land
E'er joln'd fuch numbers hand in hand. S-xift.

Co'upLET. «./. [French.]

1. Twoverfes; a pair of rhimes.^

Then wo^ld Ihey caft away their pipes, and
holding hand in band, dance by the only cadence
<«£ their voices, which they would ufc in finjing
foaie flicrt ctufltis, whereto the one half begin-
ning, the other half fiiould anfwer. iutn/y.

Then at the laft, an only etuflit fraught
W(U» iacaz unmeaning thing they call a tUought ;

G O U

A needlcfs Alexandrine ends the £>ng.

That, like a wounded fnakc, drags its (low length

along. P(^e.

In Pope I cannot read a line.

But with a figh 1 with it mine;

When he can in one cciplet fix

More fenfe than 1 can do in fix.

It gives me fuch a jealous fit,

I cry, pox take him and hit wit ! Szvift.

2. A pair, as of doves.

Anon, as patient as the female dove,
Ere that her golden couplets are difclos'd,
His filence will fit drooping. Sbakelpeare's Hamlet.
CO'URAGE. n.f. [courage, Fr. from cor,
Latin.] Bravery ; aftive fortitude ; fpi-
rit of enterprize.

1 he king.btcoming graces.
Devotion, patience, courage, fortitude,
I have no rcliih of them. Shatcjpeare's Macbeth.

Their difcipllae
Now mingled with their courage. Shak. Cymieline.
Hope arms their courage ; from their tow'rs
they throw
Their darts with double force, and drive the foe.

Dry den.
Courage, that grows from conftitution, very often
forfakes a man when he has occafion for it ; and
when it is only a kind of inftinft in the foul, it
breaks out on all occafions, without judgment or
difcretion. That courage which arifes from the
fenfe of our duty, and from the fear of oft'ending
Him that made us, afts always in an uniform
manner, and according to the didiatcs of right rea-
fon. Addifons Guardian.
Nothing but the want of common courage was
the caufe of their misfortunes. Sicift,
Coura'geous. aiij. [from courage.]

1 . Brave ; daring ; bold ; enterprizing ;
adventurous ; hardy ; ftout.

And he that is courageous among the mighty,
(hall flee away naked in Siat day. Amos, ii. 16.

Let us imitate the courageous example of St.
Paul, who chofe then to magnify his office when
ill men conlpired to Icd'en it. Atterbury.

2. It is ufed ludicroufly by Shakefpeare for
outrageous.

He is very courageous mad, about his throwirig
into the water. Shakefpeare.

Coura'ceously. adv. [from courageous.]
Bravely ; floutly ; boldly.

The king the nexcday prefented him battle upon
the plain, the fields there being open and cham-
paign: the earl louro^fcj^ji came down, and joined
battle with him. Bacon's Henry Vi I.

Coura'geous NESS. ti. /. [from coura-
geous.] Bravery ; boldnefs ; fpirit ; cou-
rage.

Nitannr hearing of the manlinefs and the coura-
geoufnefs that they had to fight for their country,
durft not try the matter by the fworJ.

2 Maccabees, xiv. 18.

Coura'nt. In./, [couraoie, Fr.] See
Coura'kto. 1 Corant.

1. A nimble dance.

I'll like a, maid the better, wliile I have a
tooth in my head : why, he is able to lead her a
ccuranlo. _ Shakefpeare.

2. Any thing that fpreads quick, as a pa-
per of news.

To CouRB. '■J. n. [courber, French.] To
bend ; to bow ; to ftoop in fupplication.
Not in ufe.

In the fatnefs of thefe purfy times.
Virtue itfelf of vice muft pardon beg.
Yea, courb and woo, for leave to do it good.

SLakeJpeare's Hamlet.
Co'uRiER. n.f. [courier, French.] A
meflenger fent in halle ; an exprefs ; a
• runner.

I met a worirr, one mine ancient friend.

Shakefpean't THicn,

c o u

This tWng the wary balTa well perceiving, by

fpecdy couriers advertifed Solyman of the cnemy'i

purpofe, requefting him with all fpeed to repair

with hi; army toTauris. Knolles's Hiftcry,

COURSE. »./. [cour/e. Ft. eurjus, Latin.]

1 . Race ; career.

And Come (he arms with finewy force.
And fome with fwlftnefs in the courfe. Cowley^

2. Paflage from place to place ; progreis.
To this may be referred, the courfe of a

r'fver.

And when we had finilhed our courfe from
Tyre, wc came to Ptolemais. Afis, xxi. 7.

A light, by which the Argive fquadron fteers
Their filent courfe to Ilium's well known (hore.

Dinham,

3. Tilt ; aft of running in the lifts.

But this hot knight was cooled with a fall, 1
which, at the third courfe, he received of PhaUn-
tut. S'tdney. .

4. Ground on which a race is run.

5. Track or line in which a Ihip fails, or
any motion is performed.

6. Sail ; means by which the courfe is
performed.

To the courfts we have devifed ftudding-fails,
fprit-fails, and top-fails. Raleigh's EJ'ays. .

7. Progrefs from one gradation to another ;
procefs.

Wh-n the (late of the controvecfy it plainly
determined, it muft not be altered by another
difputant in the courfe of the difputation. kVatls.

8. Order of fuccei&on : as, every one in :
his courfe.

If any man fpeak in an unknown tongue, let it
be by two, or at the moft by three, and that by
courfe; and let one interpret. 1 Cor, xiv. 17.

9. Stated and orderly method, or manner. .

If (he live long.
And in the end meet the old courfe of death.
Women will all turn monfters. Sbak. KingLeeir,

The duke cannot deny the courfe of law.

Shakefpeare* .

If God, by his revealed declaration, fir.'t gave
rule to any man, he, that will claim by that title, ,
muft have the fame pofitive grant of God for his '
fuccclTion ; for, if it has not directed the courfeof
its defccnt and conveyance, no body can fucceed to
this title of the fiift ruler. Locke.

10. Series of fucceffive arid methodical
procedure.

The glands did refolve during her courfe of
phyfick, and (hscontinieth very well to this day,
ff^feman's Surgery,

1 1.. The elements of an art exhibited and >
explained, in a methodical feries. Hence
our cour/cs of philofophy, anatomy, chy-
miftry, and mathcmaticks. Chambers.

12. Conduft ; manner of proceeding.

Grittus perceiving the danger he was in, began
to doubt with himfelf what courfe were heft for
him to take. Kmlla.

That worthy deput)' finding nothing but a com- .
mon mifery, took the beft coarfeht polTibly could
to eltablifls a -commonweahh in Ireland,

Davies on Ireland,

He placed commiflioners there, who governed
it only in a courfe of difcretion, part martial, part
civil. . Davies en Ireland.

Give willingly what I can take by force ;
And know, obedience is your fatcft courfe.

Dtydens Aurengxebe,

But if a right courfe be talccn with children,
there will not be fo much need ai common rewards
and pnnidiments. Locke,

'Tis time we lliouU decree
WhatfOTT^to take. Addrfim't Cato. .

The fenate obfcrving how, in all contentions,

they were forced to yield to the tribunes and pco.

pie, thought it their wifeft courfe to give way alfo

to time, Sijift,

!3. Method :

C 6 "O^

c o u

c o u

13., Method of life ; train of a£Hons,

A woman of fo workin£.a-nrin*, and fo vehe-
, inent fpirits, as it was ' ippy (lie took a good coarjc;
or othcrwift it would have been tenible. Sitliiy,
His addiSion was to courfei vain ;
'His companies unletter'd, rude, and iliallow;
His hours fili'd up with riots, banquets, fports.

A; the dtx)pfy-man, the r. i.-e he drinks, the
drier he is, and the more he fVill dcfiiei to drink j
evea fo a finner, the mote he fins, the -apter is he
to fin, and mote defirous to keep (till a coarfe in
wickednefs. . Pcrkint.

Men will fay,
That beauteous Emma vagrant ccarfes took.
Her father's houfe and civil life forfook. Pjia-.
14. Natural bent; uncontrolled will.

It is bell to leave nature to hct cburje^ who is the
fovereign phvfician in moft difeafes. temple.

So every fervant took his courfty
And, bad at firft, they all grew worff. iViV.

13. Catamenia.

The ftoppage of women's ccarfeSi if not fuddenly
looked to, fets them undoubtedly into a confump-
tion, dropfy, orfome other dangerous dlfeafe.

Harvty en Ccmfumptioitt,

16. Orderly ftrnftnre.
The tongue derileth the whole body, and fetteth

on fire the courfe of nature. Jamtiy iii, 6.

17. [In architefture.] A continued range
of ftones, level or of the fame height,
throughout the whole length of the build-
ing, and not interrupted by any aper-
ture. Harris.

1 8. Series of confequences.
19.- Number of difhes fet'on at once upon

the tuble.

Worthy Sir, thou bleed'ft:
Thy excrcife hath been too violent
For a fecond courft of fight. Sbaiejf. Ccrhhnu!.

Then with a fecond covrfc the tables load.
And with full chargers offer to the god. Dryd. ^n.

-You are not to waih your hands till after you
have fcnt up your fecond ccurfe.

Snvift^i DireSiims to the Cook.

So quick retires each nyingr^&r^^, you'd fwear
Sancho's dread do^or and his wand were there.

2C. Regularity ; fettled rule;

21. Empty form.

Men talk as if they believed in God, but they
i;^ as if they thojght there wai none j their vows
and promifcs arc no more than words of courfe,

L'EJirangi,

22. 0/coHr/e. By confequence.

Vi ith a mind unprepuirelTed by doflors and com-
mentators of any led, whofe reafonings, interpre-
tiiion, and language, which J have been ufcd to,
will t/fcar/i make all chime that way ; and make
another, and perhaps the genuine meaning of the
author, fcem harlh, (trained, and uncouth to me.

Uckc.
25. Of courfe. By fettled rule.

Scafe is of courfe annex'd to wealth and power;
No mufc is proof agaiod a golden (hower. Garib,

Neither (ball I be fo far wanting to myfelf, as
not to dcfirea patent, granted of cturfrto all ufeful
pr.jeaor-. Sivi/t.

To Course. i>. a. [from the nDan.]

1. To hunt ; to purfue.

The big round tears
Ccuri'd one another down his innocent nofe
In piteous chafe. Shakiffieare't Aiyoit like it.

The kicg is bunting the deer ; I am ccurfing
myfelf. Shjkeffeare'i Love'% Labour Lafl,

Where 's the thane of CawiJor .'
WerwrrVhim It the heels, and had a purpofe
To Lc his purvjvor. Sl.aitffeart's Macbeth,

2. To purfue with dogs that hunt in view.

U would be tried ;il(o in (lying of hawks, or
Uijourji'fg of a deer, or hart, with greyhounds.

Jiatin'i Neiural Jhfi-ry.

I am continually ftarting hares for you to narft :
we were certainly cut out for one another ; for
my temper quits an amour jull whc/e thine takes
it up. Csngrfue's Old Bitehekr.

3. To put to fpeed ; to force to run.
When they have an appetite
To venery, let them not drink nor eat.
And Ciurfe them oft, and tire them in th'; heat.

May^s yirgil.

?"o Course, ti. «. Torun; toroveabout.

Swift as quickfllver it courfa through
The nat'ral gates and alleys of the body.

Shakefpcare^i Hamlet.

The blood, before cold and fettled, left the liver

white and pale, which is th: badge of pufillanimity

and cowardice; but the (herris warms it, and makes

it ccurfe from the inwards to the parts exireme.

'Shjkefpcarc*s Henry IV,
She did fo courfe o'er my exteiiours, with fu.h
a greedy intention, that the appetite of her eye did
feem to fcorch me up like a burning glaA.

Shakcjpeare's Merry fViiiei of ff^mjfor.
Ten brace and more of greyhounds, fnowy fair.
And tall as ftags, ran loofe, and coun'd around his
chair. Dryden,

All, at once
Rclapfing quick, as quickly re-afcend
And mix, and t'nwart, cxtinguiih, and renew,
All ether caurfwg in a maze of light.

Tbotrtjon' 1 Autumn,
Co'uRSER. n, f. [from courfe; courfier,
French.]

1 . A fwift horfe ; a war horfe : a. word
not ufed in profe.

He proudly pricketh on his courfer (irong,
And Atin ay him pricks wWi Ipurs of (hamc and
wrong. Sfenfer.

Then to his abfent gueft the king decreed
A pair of courferSf born of he av'niy breed j
Who from their noftrils breath'd etherial fire.
Whom Circe ftoh from her celeftial fire.

Drydev't Mneid.

Th' impatient courfer pants in every vein,
And, pawing, feems to beat the dillant plain ;
Hills, vales, and floods appear already crofs'd.
And, ere he ftarts, a thoiifind fteps are loft, Fcpe',.

2, One who purfues the fport of courfing
hares.

A lea(h is a leathern diong, by which a fal-
coner holds his hawk, or a courftr leads his grey-
hound. Ifanmer.
COURT. »./. [cour, Fr. hert, Dut. curtis,
low Latin.]

1. The place where the prince refides ; the
palace.

Here d<»you keep a hundred kniglits and fquires,
^^en n> difordwly, fo dcbauch'd and boldj
That this our court, infeCled with their manners,
Shews like a riotous inn ; epicurifm and luft
Make it more like a tavern, or a brothel.
Than a grac'd palace. Shakeffeare'i King Lejr.

It (hall be an habitation of dragins, and a court
for owls. Ifaiuh, xx% i. 1 3,

His exaftnefs, that every man (hould have Kis
due, was fuch, that you would think he had never
San i court : the politencfs with which thisjufticc
was adminiftered, would convince you he never
had lived out of one. Prior' 1 Dedication,

A fuppliant to your royal court I come.

Pofe's Odvjfiy.

2. The hall or chamber where juftice is
adroiniHered.

Are you acquainted with the difference
Tlut holds this prcfent quellion iu the court ?

Sbakd'pcart.

St. Paul being brought unto the higheft court in
Athens, to give an account of the doftrine he had
preached concerning Jelus and the rcfurreftion,
ukV occafion to imprint on thofe ma^irtratcs a
future ftatc. Atlcrbury,

3. Open fpace before a houfe.

You mull have, before you tome to the front,
'biw (iuril j a grew tour! jiain^ wisil a'i\.Ul iLci:t

It ; i feeond court of the hm^, but more garnilhed*
with little turrets, or other embellilhmcnts, upon
the wall; and a third court, to fquare with the
front, not to be built but inclofed with a naked
wall. Bacon.

Suppofe it were the king's bedchamber, yet the
meaneft man in the tragedy muft come and difpatch
his bufinefs, rather than in the lobby or court yard
(which is fitter for him) for fear the ftag: (h <uld
be cleared, and the fcenes broken. Dryden,

4. A fmall opening inclofed with houfes,
and paved with broad ftones, diftinguifh-
ed from a llreet.

5. Perfons who compofe the retinue of a
prince.

Their wiflom was fo highly efteemed, that'
fome of them were always employed to follow the
courts of their kings, to advife them. temple.

6. Perfons v/iio are aflembled for the ad- 1
miniftration of juftice.

7. Any jurifdiftion, military, civil, or ec-.'
clefiaftical.

If any noife or foldier you perceive
Near to the wall, by fomc apparent fign
Let us have knowledge at the t-owrf of guard.

Sbakifpeare's Henry VI, ■ .
The archbilhop
Of Canterbury, accompanied with other
Learned and reverend fathers of his order.
Held a late court at Dunftable. Skak, Henry VIII,

I have at laft met with the proceedings of the
court baron, held in that behalf. SpeBat'jr, .

8. The art of pleafnig ; the art of infmua-
tion.

Him the prince with gentle court did board.

Spcnfer» .

Haft thou-been never bafe ? Did love ne'er bend
Thy frailer virtue, to betray thy friend ?
Flatter me, make thy««rr, and fay it did ;
Kings in a crowd-would have their vices hid.

Dryden'i Aurengztbe, .

Some fort of people, placing a great part of
theirhappinefsin ftrong drinlc, are always forward
to malce rcftrr to my young mafter, by odering that ■■
which they love beft themfelves. Locke,

I have been confidering why poets have fuch
ill fuccefs in making their court, fince they are
allowed to be the greateft and beft of all flatterers!
the dcfeiS is-, tliat they flatter only in print or in
wrltiYif. ' Stvift to G^rji

9. It is often ufed in compofition in molt
of its fenfes.

To Co u R T . i^. a. [from the noun.]

1 . To woo ; to folicit a woman to marriage.

Follow a (hadow, it flies vou ;.
Seem to fly ir, it will purfue :
So cmrt a millreff, flic c-e^iiei; you ;
Let her alone, (he will court you. Bcr. Jonf. Fonfh

Fir'd with her love, and with ambition led.
The oeighb'ring princes aurt her nuptial bed.

Drydiu'i ALi.iid.. ■

Alas ! Sempronius, wouldft thou talk of love
To Marcia, whilft her father's life '3 in danger.'
Thou might'd as we llroi/rr the pale'trembling veftaJ,
While (he beholds the holy flame expiring.

jiddifon's Cal^J .

Ev'n now, when filc'nt fcorrt is all they gain,
A thoufand court you, though thcv court\n vain.

2. To folicit ; to feck.

Their own eafc and fatisfa£lion would quickly
teach children to court commendation, and avoid
doing what they found condemned. -

Lochc on Education,

3. To flatter ; to endeavour to pleafe.
CouRT-cnAei»iN. n.f. {^court and chap'

Iain.] One who attends the king to >
celebrate the holy offices.

The maids of honour have, been fuUy<;oom'-f J

by a famous court -ihapliiin. .5w./>.

Cot/RT-DAY. a. f. [court ATttl Jay. ^ Uay

on whichju;tjce is folvniBly admiojiltvcd.

The .

c o u

The iua« took time to deliberrt*, mi then"*

<,un.Jiy he fpoke. ^ i«ffe..' '-J Pf-

CoURT-DRESSER. «./[««'•' a^d'''"#^-J

One that drefles the court, or perfons ot
rank ; a flatterer. , . ^ r

There are many ways of fallacy ; tuch art* ot
giving colours, appearances, and refcmblances, by
thh ciurt.drefir, fancy. X-oc**.

Court-favour. «./ Favours or bene-
fits beftowed by princes.

We part with the bleflings of both worlds for
rieafures, «»r//av<wrj, and commillions ; and at
laft, when we Save fold ourfeWcs to our luft., we
grow fick of our bargain. ^ £««,,«.

Court-hand. «. / [^curt and W.]
The hand or manner of writing uled in
records and judicial proceedings.

He can make obligations, and miv: C'fri-hi-r.d.

Shaktjfeart.

CouRT-LADV. ». /. [eouri and lai/y.] A
lady converfant or employed m court.

The fame ftudy, long continued, is "^ 'ntole-
rablc to them, as the appearing long in the lame
clothes or fafhion is to a cnrt-Udy. Lm^'-

Co iig-T^ovs. adj. [iTOJovo;/, French.] Ele-
gant of manners ; polite ; well-bred ;
fullofaftsofrefpeft.

He hath dcferved worthily of his country ; and
his afcent is not by fuch eafy degrees, as thofe who
have been fupplc and ctuneoui to the people.

Shakcjf cares Concltnui,

They are one while covrti.ut, civil, and oblig-
ing; but, within a fm»U time after, avc luperci-
lious, (harp, troublefomc, fierce, and extept.ous^.^

Co'URTEOUSLY. /J//f. [from cmrtttus.]
RefpedlfuUy ; civilly ; complaifantly.

He thought them to be gentlemen of much
mo e worth than their habits bewrayed, yet he let
then. n»rf«..y;j> pafs. »''■'•"'■

■Whilft Chrift was upon earth, he was not onl;

eafy of accefs, he did not only courmujly receive

all that addreffcd thcmfelves tu him, but alio did

not difdainhimfelf to travel up and down the coun-

Calamy'i Sermom.

Alcinous, being prevailed upon by the glory of
his name, entertained him courlcoujiy. Broome.

Co'uRTECUsNESS. »./. [from courteous.]

Civility ; «omplaifance.
Co'uRTESAN. \n. f. {corti/atia, low La-
Co'uRTEZAN. J tin.] A woman of the

town ; a proftitute ; a ftrumpet.

•Tis a brave night to cool a courtezan.

Sickefpeare's Kin^ Lor.

'with them there are no ftcws, nodiffolute noojVs.

jio amriefiim, nor any thing of that kind ; nay tlicy

wonder, with deteftation, at you in Europe, which

permit fuch things. BaccfCi NcviAihm.

The Corinthian is a column lalcivioun) decked

like a esuTlenan. _ fraiiir..

Charixu-i, thr brother of Sappho, in love with

Rhodope the «ar/«<i«t, ^ent his whole eftate upon

her. ^''•^''■

Co'uRTEsy. »./. [fokrtei/ie, Fr. corlefi<>,

Italian.] .

I. Elegance of manners ; civility ; com-
plaifance.

Sir, you are very welcome to our howfe :
It muft appear in other ways than words.
Therefore I fcant this breath: ng cemtejy. •

Stalefp'-aret Mercbunt cj Icm c.

•Who hive fetn his' cAate, his hoffitality, his
fW»,/> to llrangers. Fea.h^w.

He, who was compounded of all th* -lemCTits
of affability and feurltfy towatds all kind ol pt»ple,
Vought himfelf to a habit of nrgtea, and even
of nidenefs tooards the <|ucen. Cljreidcii.

Courlrfy is fooncr found in lowly (hades
-With f^noky latrers, thin in tap llry halls.
And courts ol ptmccs, *rt>eace i: 6rft was njrn d.

C O U

So geatle of condition was he knowDi
That througli the court bis csurlefy was blown.

Drydcn'i Tahiti,

. Aa aft of civility or refpeft.

You fpurn'd me fuch > day ; another time
You call'd me dog ; and, for thefc csurtt/iet,
I'll lend you thus much money.

Shakeffeare'i Merchant cf Venice.
Repofe you there, while I to the hardhoufe
Return, and force their feinted cortcjy.

Shttejftant King Ltar.
When I was laft at Exeter,
The mayor in «i<rrr^ (hew'd me the caftle.

Shakiffeiirc'! R'ubard III.
Sound all the lofty inftruments of war,
And by that mufick let us all embrace j
For heav'n to eirth fome of us never (hall
A fecond time do fuch tiCDurttfy.

Shdkefptare's Henry IV.
Other ftites, affuredly, cannot be juftly accufcd
for not (laying for the firft blow ; or for not ac-
cepting Polyphcmus's cnirt^y, to be the lall that
fliall be e.iten up. Bacon.

3. The reverence made by women.

Some couirry girl, fcarce to a lOBr/yji bred.
Would I much rather than Corn-iia wed j
If, fupercilious, haughty, proud, and wain, .
She brought her father's triumphs in her tram.

Dryden'i Juvenal.

The poor creature was as full of auriefiei at \t
I had been her godmother : the truth on 't i';, 1
endeavoured to make her look forr^thing Chnf-
tian-like. Congreve' i Old Bachelor

4. A tenure, not of right, but by the fa-
vour of others; as, to hoU upon ccurtefy.
;. Courtesy o/£«^/flW. A tenure by

..hich, if a man marry an inheritance,
that is, avvomanfeifedof land, and get-
teth a child of her that comes alive into
the world, though both tjie child and
his wife die forthwith, yet, if (lie were
in poffeflion, Ihall he keep the land dur-
ing his life, and is called tenant per
legem Anglia, or by the courte/y of Eng-
land. Coiuell.
To Co'uRTESY. f. ». [from the noun.]

1 . To perform an aft of reverence : it is
now only ufed of women.

Toby approaches, and cairt'fia there to me.

Sbakef^iare.
The pretty traffickers,
That couri'lf to them, do them reverence. Sh^k.

2. To mate a reverence in the manner

of ladies.

If 1 (hould meet her in my w^iy,
Wc hardly court j'y to each other. fr.sr.

Co'uRTiER. »./ [from ««r/.]
I. One that frequents or attends the courts
of princes. !

He hath bceo a ccurlier, he fwears. ~ I

If any man doubt-; that, let him put me to mj'
purgation. I have trod * meifure; 1 have flatreroi'
aladyi Ih.ivefceen politick with ray friend, fmooti^
with m-ni: enemy ; I have undone three taylors ; I
have had four quaiteU, and like to have fongh"
one. Siak^Jfcare's /Isytulike It.

You are a fiittering boy j now, I fee youM b: a
courtier. Sbak/ffeareS Kferry Tt^ives cf H'trdjcr.
You know 1 aiii no courtier, nor vetfed ia..ftatc.
affairi.' ., ^f'

The principal figure in a piaure, is like a kin^
among htsrMW.-Iiri, who ought to dim the luftrc il
his attendoBts. i).->v/.-«.

. One that courts or folicits the favovr of

another.

What
Made thee, all honout'd, honcft Roman Brutus,
With the aim'd lefl, coun'i.is of beauteous freedom.
To drench tli< capitol ? Sljke/f. Jntony and Claf.
There «a! not among all our princes a greater
cevrtier of the people than Richard UI.j '"ot out
of ti.ir, but wifdom. Suckhnf.

COW

Co't/RTiMi. See CURTAIN.

Co'uRTLiKB. eiJJ, [court and Wi*.] Ele-
gant ; polite.

Our Engiifli tongue is, I will not fay as fjcred
as the Hebrew, or as learned as the Greek, but as
fluent as the Latin, as courteous as the Spanilh, as
courilike as the French, and as amorous is the
Italian. Camden'i Rev^ainu

Co'uRTLiKESS. »./. \itom couftly .^ Ele-
gance of manners ; gtace of mien ;
complaifance ; civility.

The llightefi part that you excel in, is courilinrfs.
Lird Digly it Sir Ktnelm Digby.

Co'uRTLiKC. »./. [from court."] Acour-
; tier; a retainer to a court.

Cjurtling, I rather thou (hould'ft utterly
Difpraife my work, than praife it ftoftiiy.

Ben jfon/on,

Co'vKTtY.ac/J. [from court.] Relating or
retaining to the court ; elegant ; foft ;
flattering.

In our own time (excufe (oxne courtly ftrains)
No wliiier paje than Addifjn's remains. Pofe.
Co'uRTLY. Wf . In the manner of courts ;
elegantly.

They can produce nothing fo courtly writ, or
which eiprefies fo much the converfation of a
gentleman, as Sir John Suckling.

DnJen on Dramatici Poetry,

Co'uRTSHiP. n.f. [fromcourt.]

1 . The aft of foliciting favour.

He paid his co:/rifhip with the crcwd, , .
As far as niod;-Jl pride allow'd. Sn<\ft,

2. The felicitation of a woman to mar-

riage.

Be merry, and employ ypur chlcfeft thoughts
To ccurftiip, and fucli fair oftent? of love.
As rtiall conveniently brcnme yoj there.

Shakejf tare's Merchant of Venke.
In tedious eour'Jhif we dcclari- our pain,
• And ere we fcindncls find, firft meet difdain.

Vryden's Indian Emfercr,

Every man in the time oi court/hip, and in the

firft entrance of martiage, puts on a behaviour like

my corrcfpondent*s holiday fuit. Addifon's Guard,

3. Civility; elegance of manners.

My cour:Jhip to an uiiiverlity.
My modcrty I give to foldierr haie j
My patience to i gamcfter's (hare. Demii.

CO'USIN. n./. {cotiftn, Fr. con/angtiincus,

Lat.]
I. Any one collaterally related .iiore re-
motely than a brother or fitter.

Mncbeth unfcam'd him.
O valiant eoufin ! worthy gei.tkm^n ! Shakefpierr.

Tybalt, my co'/in ! O my brother's child 1
Unhappy light ! alas, the iil .od is fp li'd
Of my dear kinfman. Sbjk'Ip. Riv^en and 'Juliet.

Th'^u art, great lord, my father "i filler's (on.
And aiifn gcrman to C'ca; Priam's I'rd.

Shakti'f art's Tniui aKdCrJfida.

i. A title given by tiie king to a noble-
man, particularly to thofe of the council.
COW. n. /. [in the plural anciently kiiie,
or krtn, now commonly ccvis ; cu. Sax.
/{oc, Dutch.] The female of tlie bull.;
the horned auiraal with cloven feet, kept
for her milk and calves.

Wc fee that the liorns of oxen and c«ws, for
the moft p.iit, arc larger th;\n-tlie bull's; whith is
cjulfd by abundance of moirture, which in the
horns of the bull i.^ileth. Baicn.

After the lever is diminished, ad'es and g >a:s
milk may be neciiTafy ; yt.i, a diet nf «wj milk
alone. hy.man^i Surgery.

Then, leaving in the fields bis.gtaxii* cctvt,
He fought himlelf fome ho pi table houfe :
Oood Cretan cntc-laia'd his j^odlike gueft.

Vryd.n's Fable!,

To

cow

To Cow. V. a. [from coward, by contrac-
tion.] To deprefs with fear ; to opprefs
with habitual tim' lity.

Macduff' was from his mother's womb

Untimely ripp'd.

Accurfcj be that tongue that tells me foj
For it hatjj cmxi'd my better part of man.

Shdhffcart' i Machtth.

By rcafon of their frequent revolts, they have

drawn upon themfclves the preflures of w«r fa

often, that it fccm;» to have fomcwiiat co^urd their

fyirits. Htrjid'iVocalForep,

For when men by their wives are ccfiv^d,

' Tlieir horns of courfc are underltood. Uudihras.

'Cow- HERD. fi./. [ceTU, and hypfe. Sax. ^
keeper.] One whofe occopation is to
tend cows.

Cow-HOUSE. ft, f. [ffltu and houfc.'\ The
hoafe in which kine are kept.

You mull houlc your milch-cows, that you give
hay te, in yjur nrM-bnuU all night. Mertmrr,

Cow-LEECH. n. /. [ca'M and htch."] One
who profeffes to cure diftempered cow«.

To Cow-leech, v. ». To profefs to cure
Cows.

Though there are many pretenders to the art of
fanieting and efw-lrtciing, yet many of tlicm art
very ignorant, efpeciaJiy in the country.

M'yrtimer^s Hujhjndry,

Cow-weed. n. f. [cow and njntui.^ A

fpecies of chervil.
Cow-wheat, n. /. \ccnj13 vAfuheat.^ A

plant.
CO'^VARD. »./. [couarJ, Fr. of uncertain

derivation.]

1. A poltroon ; a wretch whofe predomi-
nant paflion is fear.

Pyroclcs did fuch wonders, beyond belief, as was
able to lead Mufidnrus to courage, though he had
been born a cnvard, SiJ/sH,

There \a3s a loldier that vaunted, before Julius
Carfar, of the hurts he bad received in hii facii.
Czlar, knowing him to be but a cKosrd, rold hia).
You were beft take heed, next time you run away,
how you look bjck. Bacoif.

Some are brave one day, and cvtoards iputher,
as great captains iiave often told me, from their
own experience and obfervation. Timpli.

A citvard docs not always efcape with difgrace,
but fometimesallb he lofes his life. Smti.

Tremble ye not, oh frieads ! and ctmjrdi Ry,
Doom'd.by (he ilern Telcmacbus tp die !

Pe;e't Odijty.

2. It is fometimes ufed in the mariner of
an adjcclive.

Havmg mote man than wit about me, I drew ;
And rais'd the houfe with loud and cvmari cries.

Sbitkfjpeart.

Invading fears repel my reward ]oy.
And ills firefecn the prel'ent blifi deilroy. Prior.

Co'wARDicE. «./, [(torn cmuarJ.] Fear;
habitual timidity ; pufillanimity ; want
of courage.

Certes, Sir kr.ight, ye been too much to blame,
Thus for to blot tlic l;rnonr of the dead ;
And with foul ccnuardice his carcafe fhame,
Whofe living hands immoiutiz'd Jus name.

Fairy Sltteu.

Gallant and fcarlefi courage will turn Into a
na'.ive and hcrolck valour, and make tht-m h^te
the ««ar</;«of doirg vr"- ■. '^■'■?i on Education.

None was dif^rac'd ; , „^ fliame,

Ar.d nvftrdiit alone 1« i

The wnt'ioua knight is fi„.Ti tl.e faddle thrown,
But 'tis the fault of fortune, not hh owiu

. Dry Jin': Fjbltt.

This great, this holy, this terrible Being, i . pi.7-
frnt to all our tfkOAom; f-.-ej evefy tr«ichero<is
Inclination of our heart to def-rt bis frrvice ; and
treafures up, itgalnft the day of hia utraih, the fe-
«tet ifuiardin which iictcr3 uj ftem afftitijig bis

COW

caufe, which prevails on us to compliment thr
vices of the great, to applaud the libertine, :ind
laugh v/ith theprophane. Rsg^n's Sermon!,

Co'WARPLINESS. n. /. [{toju cotuatiii!).]
Timidity ; cowardice.

Co'wARDLV, ad/, [from cmvefrd."]

1. Fearful; timorous; pufillanimous.

An Egyptian foothfayer made Antonius believe
that his genius, otherwife brave and confident, was
in theprefence of Oflavius poor and cnvard/y.

Bacon's Natural Hi/lory.

2, Mean ; befitting a coward ; proceeding
from fear.

I do find it cowardly and Vile,
For fejr of what might f/fl, fo to prevent
The time of life. Shaktjfcare'i Julius Ctrfar.

Let all fuch as can enlarge their cttnlcicnces like
hell, and ftyle a cc-ujardly (ilence in Chrift's caui'c
difcretion, know, that Ciiriil wilt one day fcorn
them. Stutht

Co'wARDLY. ad'v. In the manner of a
coward ; ineaniy ; vilely.

H« (hitf ly reproved thcra as men of np courage,
who had moft cnoardly turned their backs upon
their enemies. KkzIUs,

Co'wARDSHip. n.f. [from c<i'warJ.'\ The
character or qualities of a coward ;
meannefs ; a word not now in ufe.

A very paltry boy, and more a coward than a
hare : his dllhonefty appears in leaving his friend
here in neccfTity, and denying him ; and for his
tywardjhif, aflt Fabian. Shukcfpeare.

To Co'wER. 'V. 71. [civrrian, Welfh ;-
tcurier, Fr. Or perhaps borrowed from
the manner in which a coiu finks on Jier
knees.] To fink by bending the knees ;
to ftoop ; to Ihrink.

Let the pail be put over the man's hfad above

water, then he cower dawa, and the pail be pre/Ted

down with him. Bacm.

The fplitring rocks co^o'r'd in the (Vnking fanda,

And would not dalh me svith their ragged fides.

Staifffieere.
As thus he fpake, each bird add beaft beheld.
Approaching two and two ; thefe c</iv'ring low
With bUndifhment, eaclibird floop'd on his wing.

Afi/toti.
Our dame (its cnv'ring o'er a kitchen fire;
I draw frefli air, and nature's works admire. Dryd.
Co'wisH. adj. [from To cow, to awe.]
Timorous ; fearful ; mean ; pufillani-
mous ; cowardly. Not in uie.
It is the ccnuijh terrour of his fpirit.
That dares not undertake ; he'll not feci wrong.
Which tie him to an anfwer. Shakiff. King Lear.
Co'w KEEPER, n./. \_ctnu and keefer.\ One
whofe bufmel's is to keep cows.

The terms ctnukceper and hogherd are not to be
ufed in our poetry ; but there are ao finer worjs
in the Greek language.. Broome.

COWL. », /. [cujle, Saxon ; cucullui,
Latin.]

1. A monk's hood.

You may imagine that Francis Cornfield did
fcratch his elbow, when he had fwcetly invented,
to fignify hi: name, faint Francis with his fricry
few/ in a cornfield. Cair-dHn.

What differ more yon cry, than crown and co^c! f
I'll till you, friend, a wife man and a fool. Fife.

2. [Perhaps from coo/, conler, a veflel in
which hot liquor is fet to cool.] A veflel
in which water is carried on a pole be-
tween two,

CowL-sTAFP. »./ [fctu/andy?/?^] The
ftaff on which a veflel is fupported be-
tween two men.

Mounting him upon a cnsl-Jlaff,
Which (tolling him fomethicg hijh)
He apprchcoUed to be Pegatusi Snikliig-

COY

The way by a cctvl-J!aff\s fafer ! the ItafT muft
have a bunch in the middle, fomewhatwcdgc-like>
and "covered with a foft bolfter. }Vi(tmant

Co'wSLip. n.f. [faralyjis ; cu)-hppe. Sax.
as fome think, from their refemblance
of fcent to the breath of a cow ; perhaps
from growing much in pafture grounds,
and o'ten meeting the cciv's /;/.]

Cotvjlip is alfo called pagil, grows wild in the
meadows, and is a fpecies of primrofe. Miller^

He might as well fay, that a ecwjlif is a$ white
as a lily. Sidney^

Where the bee fucks, there fuck I ;
In a coivfitf's bell I lie. Shakeffeare's Temp^^

Thy little fons
Permit to range the paf^ures : gladly they
Will mow the cowyj/f polies, faintly fweet. Philips,

Cows-LUNGWoRT. ti. /, A fpecies of

Mullein.
Coxcomb, n.f. [cock and f»«^, corrupted

from cock'i cornl>.^j

1. The top of the liead.

As the cockney did to the eels, when fhe put
them i' the party "live ; (he rapt them o' th' cox-.
comhs with a Aick, and cried, down, wantons^
down ! Sbahfpeare's King hear,

2. The comb refembling that of a cock,
which licenfed fools wore formerly in
their caps.

There, tal e my coxcomb : why, this fellow has
baniflied two of his daughters, and did the third a
blcfling againft his will : it' thou follow him, thou
muft needs wear my coxcomb. Shakejpeare,

3. A fop ; a fuperficial pretender to
knowledge or accomplilhments.

1 fent to her,
By this fame coxcotub that we have i' th' wind,
Tokens and letters, which fhe did refend. Sbakefp,

1 Icorn, (juoth (he, thou coxcomb lilly,
Quarter or council from a foe. HucTtbras.

It is a vanity for every pretending coxcomb to
make himfclf one of the party ItiU with hia
betters. VEJhrange,

They tn'crflowed with fmart repartees, and were
only diflinguiihed from the intended wits by being
called coxcombs, though they dcferved not io fcan-
dalous a name. Dryden,

Some arc bewilder'd in the maze of fchools.
And fome made coxcombs, nature meant but fools.

Pope,

4. A kind of red flower.
Coxco''micai-. adj. [from coxcomi."] Fop-

pifli ; conceited : a low word, unworthy
of ufe.

Bccaufe, as he was a very natural writer, and
they were without prejudice, wit'nout prepolTeflion,
without affeilaiioii, and without the influence of
coxcomica/, feiifclefs cabal, they were at liberty to
receive the imprefnons whicli tilings naturally made
on their minds. Dennis,

COY. adj. [coi, French ; from quietus,
Latin.]

1. Modeft ; decent.

JaCon is as ccy as is a maide ;
He loi/ked pitcoufly, but iiou)>bt he faid. Chjuetr,

2, Referved ; not accefiible ; not eaiily
condefcending to familiarity.

And Vain delight Ihe faw he light did pafs,
A foe of folly and rmmodeft toy ;
Siill folcn.n hi, or ftill difdainful cty, Spevfcr,

Like Hhcebus fung the no lefs am'rous boy :
Like Daphne fhe, a:' lovely and as coy. Walter,
At this fcafon every Imile of the fun, like the
f.-nile of a coy tady, is asi dear as it is uncommon.

Pope,
The Nile's cot fource. Graingir.

To Cov. IT. n, [from the adjeftive.]
I . To behave with referve ; to rejeft fa-
miliarity.

What, coying it again I
No more ; but make me nappy to tny gufl-,
Th»t U, wirhuiit youf ftf iSgling. Pryd, K, Jirthtir.

Kctircl

c o z

-Rrtire ! I beg yon, leave me.— — «
—Thus to CO] it !
With one who knows you too ! ^viot^i y. Shore*

2. To make difficulty ; not to condefcend
willingly.

If he csy'J
To hear Comioius fpeak, I'll keep at home.

Shaiefprare*t Cvriohnus.

y*(7 Coy. <v.a. [for dtay.'^ To allure. Not
in ufe.

I'll mouatebank their tores,
Cny their liearts from them, and come honiG be-
loved
Of all the trades in Rome. Shahfp.Corktamt.
Co'v/.Y. adv. [from coyJ] With referve ;
with difincliaation to familiarity.

This iui, his hand he ccyly fnatch'd away
From forth Anttnous* hand. Chapman^ sOdy [fry.

Co'vNESs. »,/. [fromcoy.'l Refervej un-
willingaefs to become familiar.

When the fun hath warmed the earth and water,
three or four male carps will follow a female ;
and <he putting on a Teeming cynift, they force her
through weeds and flags. ffalton.

Wbcft the kind nymph would coymft feign.
And hides but to be found aga'n. Drydcn.

Co'ystrel. n.f. A fpecies of degenerate
hawk.

One they might truft, their common wrongs to
wreak :
The mufquet and the coyflrtl were too weak,
Too fierce the falcon. Dryiln'i Hind and Pjnibcr.

Coz. n. f. A cant or familiar word, con-
tra^ed from coufin.

Be merry, ax ; fince fudden forrow
Serves to fay thus, fame good thing comes to-
morrow. Shatefpturi.

To CO'ZEN. -v. a. [To co/e is in the old
Scotch dialeft, as Junius obferves, to
chop or change ; whence cozen, to cheat ;
bccaufe in iuch< traffick there is com-
monly fraud.] To cheat ; to trick ; to
defraud.

Let the queen pay never fo fully, let the mufter-
mafter view them never fo diligently, let the de-
puty or general look to them never fo exaflly, yi^t
they Cin ccxin them all. Sptvf-r.

Coring loved no man fo well but that he would
ccxcn him, and expofe him to publick m'rth for
having been «r<«,/. Ctarei.dov,

He thjt fjffcrt a government to be abufcd by
oreldTnefs or negkdt, does the fame thing with
iu^i that maliciouHy and corruptly fcts himl'cif to
«*'» it. L'FJIrangc.

You are not obliged to a literal belief of what
the poet fays ; but you arc pleafcd with the image,
without be ng cuiuiud by the fifHon. Diyden.

What if 1 picafe to lengthen out his date
A day, and take a pride to rtzfa/ate.

Dryden'i jiureitgxehe.

Children maybe ccKcr.rd'mto a knowledge of the
letters, and be taught to read, without perceiving
it to be any thing but a fport. Lstkt on Education.

Co'zENACE. n.f. [ham coxen.'] Fraud;
deceit ; artifice ; fallacy; trick; cheat;
the pradicc of cheating.

They fay this town is full of ctxtnage.
As nimble jugglers that deceive the eye,
Difguifed chratcts. Shahfptarc.

Wildom without honefty is meer craft aiid ccx-
tntgf ; and t!;erefore the reputation ofhoneftymiift
fittt be gotten, which cannot be but by living well :
a good lite is a main argument. Bi.ii ytinf, Dijc.
There's no fuch thing at that we beauty call.
It is mecr roxrnage all ;
For thiiugh fomc long ago
Lik'd certain colours mingled fo and fo,
Tiiat doth not tic me now from chufing new.

Suckling.

Imaginary appearances offer themfelvcs to our

impatient minds, which entertain thefe countcr-

• .fcitSi vrithoul the lead fufpicion of their coxinagt.

GhiivUlc'', Si'fjit.

C R A

Strange rw'rr«{e .' none would live paA yttrs
again.
Vet all hope pleafure in v.lnt yet remain;
And from the dregs of lite think to receive
What the firft fprightly lunning could not give.
Dryjn'i jlaaai^zih.
But all thefe are trifles, if we confider the fraud
and cmunage of trading men and (bopkeepcrs.

Swi/f.

Co'zENER. «./ ffrom cexen.l Acheater;
a defrauder.

Indeed, Sir, there ire .eaentrs abroad, and
tlierefore it behoves mcr. to be wary.

Sbekcfjfxare's Winter's Tate.

CRAB. «. / [cpabba. Sax. iraiie, Dut.

1. A cruftaceous fi.(h.

Thofc that ca!l their (hell are, the lobfter, the
crah, \\\z crawlilh, the hodniandad or doiman,
and th^ tortfife. The old (hells are never found ;
fo as it is like they fcale off and crumble away by
degree:.. Bacon's Natural Hijiory,

The fox catches rrai fifh with his tail, which
Olaus Magnus faith he himfelf was an eye-witnefs
of. Derham.

2. A wi'.d apple ; the tree that bears a
wild apple.

Noble (Vock
Was graft with rrrfi-tree flip, whofe fruit thou art.

Sbakejfeme.

Fetch me a doeen rrai-trce (taves, and itning
ones i thefe are but fwitches. Sbak. Henry Vlll.

When roalted crabs hifs in the bowl.
Then nightly fings the (l-iring owl. Sbaktffeare.

Tell why a graft, taking nouri(hmcnt from a
erah (lock, (hall have a fruit mote nibble than its
nurfc arid parent. .. ■ ^aykr.

3. A peevifh morofe perfon". •

4.. A wooden engine with three claws for
launching of Ihips, or heaving them in-
to the dock P/jillifs:

5. The fign in the zodiack.

Tlien p.irts the Twins and C/ai, the Dog divides,
And Argo's keel, that broke the frothy tides.

Crcccb.

Crab. adj. It is ufed by way of contempt
for any four or degenerate fruit ; as, a
crab cherry, a crab plumb.

Better gleanings their worn foil can boaft
Than the crab vintage of tlie neighb'ring ciall.

Dryden.
Cra'bbed. adj. [from crab.]

1 . Peevifli ; moroie ; cynical ; four.

A man of years, yet frelh, as more appear.
Of fwarth complexion, and o{ crabbed hue,
That him full of melancholy d.d £icw. , Sfenfcr.

O, (he is
Ten times more gentle, than her father's crabbed;
And he's compcfed of hatlhncls. Sbak,Tc»ifeJi,

2. Harlh ; unpleafmg.

Tliat was when
Three crabbed months had four'd chemfeivcs to

death,
Ere I could make thee open thy white han(<,
And clepe thyfclf my love. iihak. Winter's Tale.

How charming is divine philofophy 1
Not har(h and crabbed, as dull (iools fuppofe.
But mulical as is Apollo's lute.
And a perpetual feaft of neftar'd fweets, '
Where no crude furfeit reigns. Mi/ltn.

3. Diflicult ; perplexing.

BcBde, he w<u a (hrewd philofophcr,
And haJ read ev'ry text and glofs over }
Whatc'cr the crabbidrjl author hath.
He undcrllool b' implicit faith. Hudibrai.

Lucretius h!td chol'en a fubje^ naturally rru^'^i^.

Dryden.

Your crabbed rogues that read Lucretius
Are againft gods, you kuow. Prior.

Cra'bbedly. adv., [from crabbed. "^ Pee-

viflily ; morofely ; with perplexity.
Cra'bbedness. It./. [ixQfa (raibed.'\
I , Sournefs of tafte.

C R A

2. Sournefs of countenance; afperitj' of
manners.

3. Difficulty; perplexity.

Crabber, n. f.

The poor (i(h h«ve enemies enough, befide fuch
unnatural ti(hermen as otters, the cormorant, and
the crabtr,, which fomc call the warer-rat.

fValton's Angler t

Cr abs-eyes. «. /. Whitifh bodies, round-
ed on one fide, and deprefled on the
other, heavy, moderately hard, and
without fmell. They are not the eyes
of any creature, nor do they belong to
the crab, but are produced by the conv-
mon crawfiih ; the flones are bred in
two feparate bags, one on each fide of
the ilomach. They are alkaline, ab-
forbcnt, and in fome degree diuretick.

Hill.

Several {lerfona had, in vain, endeavoured to
{lore themfelves with crabs-eyes. Bcyie^

CRACK. ». / [kraeck. Dutch.]

1. A fudden difruption, by which the
parts are feparated but a little way from
each other.

2. The chink, filFure, or vacuity made by
difruption ; a narrow breach.

Contufions, when great, do ufiially produce a
filTure or cr/ick of the (kuU, cither in the fame p.'irt
where the blow was indited, or in the contrary
part. ffiJemtLi.

At length it would crack in many places ; and

thofe cracks, as they d;l;Ued, would appear of a

pretty good, but yet obfcure and dark, (ky-coloor.

Nnuton's Opticks,

3. The found of any body buriling or fil-
ing.

It I fay footh, I muft report they were
As carAnons overcharg'd with double cracks,

Sbakcfpeare's Macbeth^
Now day appears, and with the d.ny the king,
Whofe early care had robb'd him of his reft :

Far oft' the cracks of falling houfes ring.
And (bricks of fubjefls pierce his tender bread.

Dryden.

4. Any fudden and quick found.

A fourth ? — ftart eye !
, What will the line ftrctch out to th' crack of d*om ?

Shake/peare.
Vulcan was employed in hammering out thun-
derbolts, that every now and then (lew up from the
anvil with dreadful cracks and fla(hes. ^^iddi/cn,

5. Change of the voice in puberty.

And let us, Paladour, though now our voices
Have got the maniii(h cratk, (ing him to th'
ground. Sbake/pearc

6. Breach of chaftity.

1 cannot
Believe this cmck to be in my dread midrcfs,
So fovcrcignly being honourable. Sbak.fyint.TaU*

7. Crazincfs of intelle£l.

8. A man crazed.

I hive invented projeAs for railing mMlions,
without barthening the fubjeft ; but cannot get
the parliament to lillen to me, who look upon me
as a crack and a projeftor. AddijMt

9. A whore, in low language.

10. A boaft.

Lcafmgs, backbitings, and vain-glorious (rjcks.
All tliofe agaiiift that fort did bend their batteries.

Spenfer.

1 1 . A boaller. This is only in low phrafe.
Te Crack, -v. a. [iraecien, Dutch.]

I. To break into chinks; to divide the
parts a little from each other.

Look to your pipes, and cover them with frelh
and warm litter out of the iiablr, a good thick-
nefs, iett the ttoft ir«f* them. Mortimer,

«. To

^c%

X

2. To break ; to fplit.

O, madam, my heart is track' J, it's crack' J.

Shakcj^care,

Thou wiltquaAl with a man for cracking nu:s,
having no other reafon but becaufe thou haft hazel
ey«. _ _ Siakfffeare,

Should fome wild fig-tree take her nativefient.
And heave below the gaudy monument.
Would craci the marble titles, and difpcrfc
The charjfters of all the lying verfc. DryJ. Juv.

Or a« a lute, which in moift weather rings
Her knc'.l alone, by cracking of her ftrings. Dontie.

Honour is like that glally bubble.

That finds philofophert fuch trouble ; ■

.Whofe-leail pajt crack' d, the whole docs fly, '

And wits are cracked to find out viiiy. Htdibrai.

J. To do any thing with quickneis or

fmartnefs.

Six Balaam now, he lives like other folks;
He takes his chirping pint, he crackt his jokes.
T" L Pope.

4. Tq break or deftroy any thing.

You'll crack a quart together \ Ha, will ysju not ?
■ • Sb^kijptare,

LovecooU, fiiendfliip falls off, brothers divide:
.10 dtici, mutinies; in countrUs, difcord ; in pa-
laces, treafon ; and the bond cracktd'x\l\t.\. fm and
father. Shaktjfc^rt't King Lear.

5. To craze ; to weaken the intelleft.

I was ever of opinion, that the philofopher's
Aone, and an holy uar, were but the rendezvous
of cracked brains, that wore their feather in their
heads. Bac':ns Hcty War.

He thought none poets till their brains were
crackl. Rofccmmon.

To Crack, v. n.

t. To burrt ; to open in chinks.

. By miiforiune \tcrackrd\n the cooling, whereby
we were reduced to make ufe of one part, which
Was ftmight and intire. Bylc.

2. Tp ftll to ruin.

The i.^dit not only ofbankj,butof exchequers,
cracki when little comes in, and much goes out.

Drydcn.

3. To nttPr a loud and fudden found.

I vrili bDard her, though Ihc chixle as loud
As thunder, when the clouds in autumn crack.

, Hhakcfpeare.

4. To boaft : with of.

To look like her, ate chimney.fwcepcrs black.
And fince her time are colliers counted bright,

And Ethiops cf their fwret complexion crack :
Dark needs no candles now, for dark is light.

Shahfpearc.
Crack-brained, adj. [crack and iraJn-
"^ Crazy; without right reafoa.

We have fent you an anfwer to the ill-grounded
fophifms of th fe crack-trained fellows.

j4i butbnol and Poft.

Crack-hemp. n.f. [crack and hemp.] A
wretch fated to the gallows ; a crack -
rope : ftn-cifer.

Come hither, <rack-bttnp
J hope 1 may chufe. Sir.
^Coinc hither, yna rogue:
What, have you forgot me ?
. ^ Shai'fpeari'i Taming tftht Shrew.

Crack-rope. n.f. [craci mA ropt.] A

fellow that deferves hanging.
Cra'cker. n.f. [hom crack.]

1. A noify boafting fellow.

Vihu cracker is thii fame that dcafs our ears
With this ab indancc of fuferfluous bre.ith (

^buke'peare'lKiigJrhn.

2. A quanuty of gunpowder confined fo as
to burft with great noife.

The bladder, at its breaking, gave a great re.
port, almoft like a cracker. Boyle.

And when, for furious hafte to ran.
They durft not (lay to fire t gun.
Have done 't with bonfires, and at home ,
Ma.V fqu:i;4 and crackers overcome. iudihai.

Vol, I.

C Ti A

Then furious he begins his march,
Drrvet rattling o'er a brazen arch.
With fquibs and crackers arm'd, to throw
Among the trembling crowd below. Sivife.

ToCra'ckle. t;. ». [from craci.] To
make flight cracks ; to make fmall and
frequent noifes ; to decrepitate.

All thefe motions, which we faw,
Are but as ice which crackles at a thaw. Dcnne.

I fear to try new l.jve,
As boys to venture on the unknown ice
That crackles underneath them. Dryjen^

Caught herdilbcveli'd hair and rich attire;
Her croivn.and jL-wels crackled in the fire. .

Drydens Mne'id.

Marrow is a fpeciSck in that fcurvy which oc-

cafions a crackling of the bones ; in which cafe'

marrow performs its natural funftion of moiHen-

ing them. jfrhsilbna on Aliments.

Cra'oknbl. n.f. [from crack.] A hard
brittle cake.

Albee my love he feek with daily futi,
His clownilh gifts and curtefics I difJain,
His kids, his cracknels, and his early fruit. Spenjcr.

Pay tributary cracknels, whith he fells ;
And with our oi^'crings help to T-a>i> liis vai's.

Drydcn' s Juvertl.

CRA'DLE. n.f. [cnabel, Saxon.]
I . A moveable bed, on which children or
fick perfons are agitated with a fmooth
and equal motion, to make them fleep.

She had indeed, Sir, a fon fir her cradle, ere /he
had a huiband for her beJ. Shakefp. King Lear.

No jutting frieze,
Euttrice, nor coigat of vantage, but this bird
Hath made his pendant bed and ptocreant credit.

Shake// eare.

His birth, perhaps, [<tme paltry village hides.
And fets his cradle out of fortune's way. Diydtn.

A child knows Iiis nurfe and his cradle, and by
degrees l;hc playthings of a little more advanced
'S<^- Locke.

The cradle and the tomb, alas, fo nigh !
To live is fcarce diftinguifli'd from to die. Prior.

Me let tl)c tender oliice long engage.
To rock the cradle of repofing age;
With lenient arts extend a mother's breath.
Make languor fmile, and fmooth the bed of death.

Pcft.

2. It is ufed for infancy, or the firft part
of life.

He knew them to be inclined altogether to war,
and therefore wholly trained them up, even from
their cradles, in arms and military excrclfcs.

Speafer's Ireland.

The new duke's daughter, her coufin, loves

her i being ever, from their cradles, bred together.

Sbakefpeare't ylsyou like it.

They diould fcarcely depart from a form of
worfhip, in which they had been educated from
their cradle. Clarcrdcn.

3. [With furgeons.] A cafe for a broken
bone, to keep off preliure.

4. [Withfliipwrights.] A frame of timber
raifed along the outfide of a lliip by the
bulge, ferving more fecurely and com-
modioufly to help to launch her. Harris.

To Cra'dle. t/;(7. [from the fubftantive.]
To lay in a cradle; to rock in a cradle.

He that hath been craciltd in ni.ijelly, will not
leave the throne to play with bcggara.

planvillc's .^ptlhnius.

The tears ileal from oiir<\c8, when in the llrtet
With fome betrothed vir^iii's bcrfe wc nsect; • •
Or infant's fun'ral, from the chcitcd woinb
Convey'd to carthj and craiUcd in a tomb, ^lyjen.

He (hall be cradled in tiiy ancient (hield, '((j^s.
mous through the univerlitics. Arluthnm ..n,! Pope.

Cradle-clot HIS. n, /. [irom cradle
and clothes.] Bcd-clothes belonging to
a crudjc.

C R A

O could it be prov'd
Tliat fome night-tripping fairy had excKing^d,
In cradle-clcaths, our children, v;heie they lay.
And call mine Percy, his Plantagenet;
Then would I have his Harry, and he mine. Shak.

CRAFT. >i.f. [cjaspt. Sax. crefi, in old
Welih.]

1. Manual art; trade.

I hear an objedlion, even from fome v,-ell-mean-
ing men, that thefe delightful crafts may be divey
ways ill applied in a land. Wotton's Architeaute.

2. Art ; ability ; dexterity.

A poem is the work of the poet; poefy is his
(kill or craft of making, llie very (iftion itfelf of
the work. £„, Je«j'.n.

3. Fraud ;, cunning ; artifice.

Th' offence is h"ly that (he hath committed;
-And this deceit lofes the name oi craft.
Of difobcdience, or unduteous t.tie. Shakejfeare.

This gives us a full view of wonderful ait and
craft in raifing fuch a ilruilure of [ower and ;ni-
S"ify- Altjfe.

4. Small failing veflels.

Ti Craft, 'v. n. [from the noun.] To
play tricks ; to praftife artifice. Now
out of ufe.

You *ve made fair hands.
You and your crafts! You 'vc <ra/;irf fair.

Shakej'pcare's Coriolanus.
Cra'ftily. adv. [from crafty.] Cun-
ningly ; artfully ; with more art tjiaa
honelly.

But that which mod impaired his credit,.was
the common report that he did, in all t'niigs, la-
voi'r the Chrillinns ; and had, for thiit cjui'e,'
craftily perfuaded Solyman to take in hand che
unfortunate Perfian war. XnsUes.

May he not craftily infer

The rules of fricndlhip too fevere,

Which chain him to a hated tnift ;
Which make him vvrctclicd to be jurt ? Prior.
Cra'ftiness. n.f. [i:rom crafty.] Cun-
ning ; flratagem.
He tjketh the wife in their ov.n craftinefs. Joh.
Cra'ftsman. «./. [craft &v\d ffian.] An
artificer ; a manufacturer; a mechanick.

That her became, as polifii'd ivory.
Which cunning craftjman'% hand hath ovijrlaid
With fjir vermilhon. Ste'nfer.

What reverence he did throw away on (laves.
Wooing poor crafljrr.en with the craft of fmilcs.

Sbaktfviare.
What a refembtance this advice carries "to the
oration of Demetrius to his tellow crafjmcn!

Decay of Piety.
Cra'ftsmaster. n.f. [craft and majier.]
A man flcilled in his trade.

He is not his crafifmajla; he doth not do it
"&}!'• . Shahjpeart.

There is art In pride; a man might as foon

learn a trade. Thofc wlio wne Hot brought up to

it, feldom prove their craffnujler. Ccllieron Pride.

Cra'fty. adj.^[hova craft.] Cunning;

artful ; full of artifices j fraudulent ; fly.

Nay, you may think my love was cra/'ty love.
And call it cunning. Shuicfpeare's Kmg Jftu.

This oppreffinn did, of force .ind nc „ity
mcke the Iri(h a crafty people; for fv.J„ as a're op!
prclicd, and live in (lavery, iirirver put to their
"""'; ^ . Da-viesonleland.

Before he came ;„ fight, the crafty god
His wings dififlifs'd, but ftill rctaiii'd his rod.

• i I Dryden.

_.»* body was ever fo cunning as to conceal their
being fo; and every body is (hy and diflruftful of
crafty men. 2,„^,,

CRAG, n.f

I. Crag is, in Britifli, a rough fteeprock;
and is ufed in the fame ieak in the
northern counties at this day. Gibfoa.
3 K i, Th«

C R A

C R A

C R A

il. The rugged protuberances of rocks.

And as moxint Etna vomits fulphur ouC|
With clifo o<' burning tragi, and fire and (Vnolc;.

Fairfax.

Who hath difposM, but thoUi the winding way,
Where fprings down from the fteepy crags do heat.

A lion fpicd a goat upon 'the crag of a h'gh
rPck. VEfirargt.

3. The neck.

Thcj- looken bigge, as bulls that been bate,
And bcaren the crag fo ftiff and fo ftate. Sftnfir.

4. The fmall end of a neck of mutton : a
low word.

C R a'g c E D. adj. [from crag.^ Full of in-
equalities and prominences.

On a huge hill,
Craggcd and H»ff, truth (lands. Crajhaiv.

C R a'c c e d n e ss. n./. [from craggtd.'\ Ful-
nefs of cr.igs or prominent rocks.

The craggcdntfi or llecpnefs of that mountain,
maketh many parti of it in a manner inaccelTiblc.

Brcmviod-

Cra'cginess. »./. \JTom craggy. 1 The

ftate of being craggy.
Cra'cgy. adj. [from crag.'\ Rugged;

full of prominences ; rough to walk on,

or climb.

That fame wicked wight
His dwelling has low in .in hollow cave.
Far undrrncath a craggy clift ypighr.
Dark, dolffu!, dreary, like a greedy grave. Sj>cnfer.
It wai imp^lfibU Co pals up the woody and
flaggy bills, without the iofs of thcfe commanders.
Raliigt's EJ/ays.
Mountaineers that from Severws came,
And fiom the craggy clitt's of Tetrica. DryJen.
The town and republick of St. Marino ftands
on the top of a very high aad craggy mountain.

AddxJ^n cti Italy.

To CRAM. t;. a. [cfiamman, Saxon.]

1. To ftafF; to fill with more than can
conveniently be held.

As much love in rhyme.
As would be crantrn'd up in a fhc^.i of paper,
Writ on both Gdcs the leaf, margent and atl. Shak,

Being thus cratrmtd in the baflcet, a couple of
Ford's knaves were called. Shak. M. W. oflVind.

Thou haft fpoke as if thy eldcrt fon fliould be a
fool, whofe (kull Jove cram with brains.

Shake/peart i lioelftb Night.

Cram not in people by fending too faft company
after company ; but fo as the number may live
well in the planUtion, and not by furcharge be in
penur)-. Bac^n.

2. To fill with food beyond fatiety.

You'd mollify a judge, would cram a fquire;
Or clfe fame fmiles from court you may defire.

King.
I am fure children would be freer from difeafes,
if they were not crammed to much as they are by
fond mothers, and were kept wholly from flefli the
firft three years. Lackt.

As a man may b« eating all day, and, for want
of digeftion, ii never nouriflied ; fo thcfe endlefi
readers may cram themfelves in vain with intel-
Icflual food. ffatts on the Mind.

But Annius, crafty feer,
Catoc cramn'd with capon from where Pollio dines.

Pupc.

3. To thruft sa by force.

Yuu ctam thcfe words into mine ears, againft
The ftnroach of my fcnfe. Sbakrjpiarc's Tcmptft.

Huftcr, quoth Hudibras, this fwird
Sh;iU down thy falfe throat cram that wct<

Fate has crtmm'd us all into one leafe,
And that even now expiring. Dryden's Clamenu

In another printed p.ij)er it i» roundly expreni:d,
tiiat be will trim hit Inaft down out throats.

Sv'ijt-

To Cram. f. a. To eat beyond fatiety.

The godly dame, who flefhty failings damns.
Scolds with her maid, or with her chaplain iramu

Tcfi.

Cra'mbo, n. f. [a cant word, probably

without etymology.] A play at which

one gives a word, to which another finds

3 rhyme ; a rhyme.

So Mxvjus, when he drain'd hit flcuU
To celebrate fome fuburb trull.
His limilies in order let.

And ev'ry cramho he could get. Sivift.

CRAMP. »./ [iramfe, Dutch; crampe,
FreiKh.]

1. A fpafm or contradlion of the limbs,
generally removed by warmth and rub-
bing.

For this, be fure, to-night thou (halt havecr<i»i/>i,
Side-ditches tliat (hall pen thy breath up.

Sbakfjptare' I Tcmptfl.

In a retreat he outruns any Uojuey ; marry, in
coming on, he has the cramp. Siaktfpcarc.

The cramp cometh of contraAion of fmcws ;
which is manifed, in that it cometh either by cold
or drynefs. Bacon's NaturjIHifliry,

Hares, faid to live on hemlock, do not make
good the tradition ; and he that obferves what
vertigoes, cramps, and convulfions follow thereon,
in thcfe animals, will be of our belief.

Bryivn's Vulgar Errcurs.

2. A redridlion; confinement; obftruc-
tion ; (hackle.

A nairow fottune is a cramp to a great mind,
and lays a man under incapacities of ferving his
friend. L'EJlr.ir:^e.

3. A piece of iron bent .it each end, by
which two bodies are held together.

To the uppermoft of thcfe there (hould be faf.
tened a (harp graple, or cramp of iron, which may
be apt to take hold of any place where it lights.

JTMrts.

Cramp, adj. Difficult; knotty: a low

term.
To Cramp, -v. a. [from the noun.]

1 . To pain with cramps or twitches.

When the ^ojUraSed limbs were cramp'd, ev'n
tliea
A wateri(h humour fwcil'd, and ooz'd again.

Dryden's I'ir^iu

2. To reftrain ; to confine ; to obftruft ;
to hinder.

It is impolTible to conceive the number of in-
conveniencies that will enfue, if b»rrowing be
cramped. ^acui.

There are few but find that fome companies be-
numb and cr.tmp them, fo that in them they can
neither fpeak nor do any thing that is handfome.
Glam-iiU't Scepjis.

He who ferves has ftill reftraints of dread upon
his fpirits, which, even in the midft of aflion,
crairps and ties up his aciivity. Soatb's Samons.

Dr. Hammjnd loves to contrail and cramp the
frnfe of prophecies. Burnet's Ttcry.

The antiquaries are for cramping their fubjcds
into as narrow a fpace as they can, and for reducing
the whole extent of a fcience into a few general
maxims. Mdifon m Italy.

Marius ufed al^ endeavours for depre(ring the
nobles, and railing the people, particularly for
cramping the former in their power of judicature.

Shiift,
Ko more
Th" expanfive atmofphere is cramp'd with cold,
Bat full of life, and vivifying foul,

Tbcmfoni Spring.

^. To bind with crampirons.
Cra'mpfish. n./. [from cramp and /J/j.]

The torpedo, which benumbs the hands

of tliofc that touch it.
Cra'mpiron. «./. [from fr«/w/ and ;>«».]

See Cramp, isaie }.

Cr a'nace. »./ [cranaglum, low Latin.]
A liberty to ufe a crane for drawing up
wares from the veffels, at any creek of
the fea or wharf, unto the land, and to
make profit of it. It fignifies alfo the
money paid and taken for the fame.

Coxvell.

CRANE. »./ [cpan. Sax. iraen, Dutch.J

1. A bird with a long beak.

Like a crane, or a hvailow, fo did I chatter.

If a tab*
That fmall infantry warr'd on by cranes. Miltcti,

2. An inftrument made with ropes, pullies,
and hooks, by which great weights are
raifed.

In cafe the mould about it be fo ponderous 1;
not to be removed by any ordinary force, you may
then raife it with a crane. Mortimer.

Then commerce brought into the publick walk
The bufy merchant, the big warehoufe built,
Rais'd the Acting crane, Thomftrn's Autumr.

3 . A fiphon ; a crooked pipe for drawing
liquors oiit of a cafk.

Cranes-eill. n.f. [from fr«ae and W/.]

1. An herb.

2. A pair of pincers terminadng in a
point, ufed by furgeons.

CRA'NIVM. 71. f. [Latin.] The flcuU.

In wounds made by contulian, when the era-,
nium is a little naked, you ought not prefently to
crowd in dolTils; for if that contufed (jeih be well
digeftcd, the bone will incarn with the wound
without much diHiculty. WifemaiCs Surgery,

CRANK, n.f. [This word is perhaps a
contraftion of crane-neck, to which it
may bear fome refemblance, and is part
of the inftrument called a crane.']

1. A crank is the end of an iron axis
turned fquare down, and again turned
fquare to the firft turning down ; fo that
on the laft turning down a leather thong
ii flipt, to tread the treddle-wheel about.

^oxon,

2. Any bending or winding palTage',

1 fend it through the rivers of your blood.
Even to the court, the heart, to th' feat o' tli' braia ;
And through the cranks and offices of man.
The (IrongclV nerves, and fmall inferiour veins.
From me receive that natural competency.
Whereby they live. Shakejpeare' s CoriolanaU

3. Any conceit formed by twifting or
changing, in any manner, the form or
meaning of a word.

Hafte thee, nymph, and bring with thee
Jelt and youthful jollity.
Quips and cranks, and wanton wiles.
Nods and becks, and wreathed fmiles.
Such as hang on Hebe's cheek.
And love to live in dimple fleck.

Crank, adj. [itooi tnkranci,
Skinner. 1

1. Healthy; fprightly : fomctimes
rupted to cranky. Not in ufe.

They looken b'rgge, as bulls that been bate.
And bearen the crag fo ftiff' and fo ftate
As cockl: on his dunghill crowing cranke. Spenfer,

2. Among failors, a (hip is faid to be
crank, when, by the form of its bottom,
or by being loaded too much above, it
is liable to be ovcrfet. [from kranck,
Dutch, fick.]

To Cra'nkle. -v.' It. [from crank, as it
fignifies fomething bent.] To run in
and out ; to run in flexures and wind>
ings.

Se«

Millcrt.

Dutch.

cor-

C 11 A

C R A

C R A

See Iiow this river comes me tranllhg In,
And cuts me from the beft ot aN my land
A huge half moon, a monftrous cantlc out.

Sbaltffeare'i Henry IV.

^oCra'nkle. v. a. To break into un-
equal furfaces ; to break into angles.

Old Vaga's ftream,
Forc'd by the fudden /hock, her wonted track
Forroolc, and drew her humid train aflope,
Crank/ing her banks. Phillfs.

Cra'nkles. »./ [from the verb.] In-
equalities ; angular prominences.
Cra'nkness. «./. [from frcwi.]

1. Health ; vigour.

2. Difpofition to overfet.
Cra'nnied. adj. [from cranny.'] Full of

chinks.

A wall it is, as I would have you think,
That had ia it a eragnuJ hole ot chink.

Sbakcjfdri;
A very fair fruit, and not unlike a citron ; but
famcwbat rougher chopt and crsrmtdi vulgarly
conceived the marks of Adam's teeth.

Brtytvni VuJgar Ernun,

CRA'NNY. »./ [cren, Fr. crena, Lat.]
A chink ; a cleft ; a fifTure.

The eye of the underftanding is like the eye of
the fcnfc; for as you may fee great objcfts thro'
fmall crannUi or holes, fo you may fee great axioms
of nature through fmall and contemptible in-
llances. Baccit'i Natural lliflur^.

And therefore beat and laid about.
To find a cranny to creep out. lluJilrJS,

In a firm building, the cavities ought not to be
filled with rubbifli, but with brick or ftone, fitted
to the crartnui, DryJcn.

Within the forking of water and fprings, with
ftreams and currents in the veins and crannia.

Burnetii Theory,

He /kipped from room to room, ran up ftairs
and down ftalrs, from the kitchen to the garrets,
and be peeped into every cramy,

jlrtulbmt't John Bull.

Crape, n./. [f^/;?, low Latin.] A thin
fluff, loofely woven, of which the drefs
of the clergy is fometimes made.

And pr'jud Roxana, fir'd with jealous rage,
With fifty yards of craft (hall fwcep the ftage.

Swift.

To thee I often call'd in vain,

Againd that ad'aflin in craft, Stvift.

*Tis from high life high charaOcrs are drawn {

A faint in crafi is twice a faint in lawn. Pofe,

Cr-*'pulence. n. f. \crapula, a furfeit,
Lat.] Drunkennefs ; ficknefs by intem-
perance. DiSl.

Cra'puloi/s. adj. [crafuk/m, Latin.]
Drunken ; intemperate ; fick with in-
temperance. DU/.

To CRASH. v. n. [a word probably
forAed from the thing. ] To make a
loud complicated noife, as of many
things falling or breaking at once.

There (hall be a great crsjhirg from the hills,

Zrft. 1. 10.
When convulfioni cleave the lab'ring earth,
Before the difmal yawn appear?, the ground
Tremblet and heaves, tlie nodding houfes cra^.

Smith.

7b Crash, v. a. To break or bruife.

My mafler is the great rich Capulet ; and if
you be not of the houfe of Montague, I pray you
come and cra^ a cup of .wine. Sbair/ftarc.

Mr. IVurburton has it, crujh a cup of
•vjine.

To crajh, fays Hanmer, is to be merry ;
a cr^Jh being a word ftill ufed in fome
counties for a merry bout. It is furely
b«tt«r to read cruck. See Crack.

Crash. ». /. [from the verb. J A loud
fudden mixed found, as of many things
broken at the fame time.

Senfclefs Ilium,
Sccm'ng to feel this blow, with flaming top
Stoops to hii baTc ; and, with a hideous crajh.
Takes prifoner Pyrrhus' ear. Shakcff. Hamlet.
Moralizing fat I by the li,iz;ird-table: I looked
upon the uncertainty of richer, the decay of beau-
ty, and the craJh of world!, with as much con-
tempt as ever Plato did. Pcfe.

CRJ'SIS. n. /. [r.^Sia-ti.] Temperature ;
conftitution arifing from the various
properties of humours.

The fancies of men arc fo immediately dlver-
fified by the iuduidual crjjis, that every man owns
fomething wherein none is like him. Glar.vUU.

A man may be naturally inclined to pride, lud,
and anger ; as thefe inclinations are founded in a
peculiar crajit and conditution of the blood and
fpirits, S'^mb.

CRASS, adj. [crnftu, Latin.] Grofs ;
coarfe ; not thin ; not comminuted ; not
fubtle ; not confifting of fmall parts.

Iron, in aquafortis, will fall into ebullition,
with noife and emication ; as alfo a craft and
fumid exhahition, caufed from the combat of the
fulphur of iron with the acid and nitrous fpirits of
aquafortis, Bra^vn^t Vulgar Errours.

Metals are intermixed with the common ter-
redrial matter, fo as not to be difcovcrable by hu-
man induftry ; or, if difcoverable, fo dirl'ufed and
fcattered amongd tlie craj/er and more unprofitable
matter, that it would never be poflible to feparate
ajid cxtraft it. }f^osJ^rarti's Niitural H;fory.

Cra'ssitude. n. /. {crafjitudo, Latin.]
Grofihefs; coarfenefs ; thicknefs.

They mull be but thin, as a leaf, or a piece of
paper or parchment ; for, if they have a greater
crajfiiudt, they will alter in their own body, though
they fpcnd not. Bacon.

The Dead Sea, which vomiteth up bitumen, is

of that crajfiiuile, as living bodies, bound hand and

foot, cafl into it, have been born up, and not funk.

BacoT:'s Natural Hiflory.

The terreftrial matter carried by riven into the
fea, is fullained tlu:iein partly by the greater cr,f~
fitudt and gravity of the fea-water, and pai-tly by
its condant agitation. Wood-ward.

Crastika'tiok. n.f. [from eras, Latin,
to-morrow.] Delay. Di£l.

Cratch, n.f. \creche, Fr. crates, Lat.]
The palifaded frame in which hay is
put for cattle.

When, being expelled out of ParaJife by reafon
of fin, thou wcrt held in the chains of death; I
uas inclofed in the virgin's womb, I was laid in
the cratcb, 1 was wrapped in fwathling-cloatlis.

Halmuill on Providcr.cc.

Crava't. n.f, [of uncertain etymology.]
A neckcloth ; any thing worn about the
neck.

Lefs delinquents have been fcourg'd.
And hemp on wooJcn anvils forg'd ;
Which others for cravan have worn
About their necks, and took a' turn. IluJibras,

The redriftives were applied, one over anotlicr,
to her throat : then we put her on a crjv.it.

JJ^jJeman't Surgery.

To CRAVE, -v. a. [cra'p-in, Saxon.]
I. To a(k with earneftnefs ; to a/k with
fubmiflion ; to beg ; to entreat.

What one petition is there found in the whole
Litany, whcn-of v;e (hill ever be able at any time
to fay, that no man livlnj; ncedeth the grace or
benciit therein trarr.l at Cod'-; hands ? Hooter.

As for my nobler l>it;iid':, I crai>£ their pardons j
But for the mut.iLlc rank-fcented many.
Let them regard roe as I do not flatter.

Stakffejre^i CcrioIariNS,

The poor people, not knowing where to hide
themftlvcj from U>e fury of their enemies, nor of

whom to crave help, fled as men and wom»n i'C-
mayed. KkoIUs.

1 would crave leave here, under the word aiAion,
to comprehend the forbearance too of any action
propofed. Locks,

Ench ardent nymph the riling current cra'va.
Each fliephcrd's pray'r retards the parting waves.

Prior,

2. To aflc infatiably.

The fuhjefts arin'd, the more their princes gave^
Th' advantage only took the more to craic.

De«hnm,

Him do(t thou mean, who, fuite of all his (lore-.
Is ever craving, and will ftill be poor ?
Who cheats for halfpence, and who dofrs his coat
To fave a farthing in a ferry-boat > Dryd. Peifiu.,

3. To long; to wiih unreafonably.

Levity pu(hes us on from one vain defire to an-
other, in a regular viciflicude and fucce/Tion of
cravings and fatiety, L'EJIrange,

He is aflually under the power of a temptation,
and the fway of an iaipetut,us lult j b'lth hurrying
him to fatisfy the cravings of it by fome wickcH
aSion. South.

4. To call for importunately.

Beftow
Your needful counfel to our bufineffes.
Which crave the imiant ufe. Shahej'f. King Lear,
The antecedent concomitants and efi'efts of
fuch a conftitution, are acids, taken in too great
quantities ; four eruftations, and a craving appe-
tite, efpecially of terreftrial and abforbent fub-
(lances. Ariuthnol on Alimtnts.

5. Sometimes with/cr before the thing
fought.

Once one may crave for love,
But more would prove
This heart too little, that too great. Suckling.
Cra'ven. n.f. [derived by 5/(/««fr from
crave, as one that craves or begs his
life : perhcips it comes originally from
the noife made by a conquered cock.

1. A cock conquered and dlfpirited.

What, is your creft a coxcomb !*

A comblefs cock, fo Kate will be my hen.
—No cock of mine} you crow too like a craven.

Shakfpeare.

2. A coward ; a recreant ; a weak-hearted
fpiritlefs fellow.

Is it fit this Ibld.er keep his oath ?
He is a craven and a villain elfe. Skjk. //. Vi

Cra'ven. adj. Cowardly; bafe.

Upon his coward bread
A bloody crofs, and on his cravrn cred
A bunch of hairs difcolour'd diverlly. Sf infer.

Whether it be
Beftial oblivion, or fome craven fcruple.
Of thinking too prccifely on th' event ;
A thought which, quarter'd, hath but one pait

wifdom.
And ever three parts coward. Shakcff care's HamieU

Yet if the Innocent lome mercy tind.
From cowardice, not rinh, did that proceed ;

His noble foes durll not his crav:n kind
Exafpcratc by fuch a bloody deed. Fairfax.

To Cra'ven. i>. a. [from the noun.] To
make recreant or cowardly.

'Gainft felf-flaughter
There IS a prohibition fo divine.
That cravens my weaJt hand. Shakcjf. Cymltcline,

Cra'ver. n./. [from cra've.] An infati-
able afker. It is ufed in ClariJ/a.

To Craunch, 1/. a. [/chrantfai, Dutch;
whence the vulgar fay more properly to
fcraunch.l To crulh in the mouth. The
word is ufed by Sivi/t.

Craw. tr.j'. [;{roir, Danifh.] The crop or
firfl ftomach of birds.

In birds there is no maillcation or comminution

of _lhe meat in the mouth j but, In fucSi as a.c

ijot carnivorous, it is Immediately fw.TlloweJ into

the crop er crgtii, or at lead int'J a kind oi anie-

3 K 2 ftomach,

C R'A

Jlomach, which I haTC obfcrved in many, efye-
ciilly pifclvorous birdi. Kaj c» the Creaiien.

Cra'wfish. n. /. [ fometimes written
(rayfijb, properly crtvice ; in French,
tcrevij/e.'\ A (mall cruftaceous fi(h found
in broolcsj the fmall lobfter of fre(h
water.

Tbofe that caft their flirll are the lobfter, the

crab, the craviffi), the hodmandod or dodman,

and tlie tortoife. Baitn.

• Let me to crack live c»-<«y^rtcommfnd. Pi>f(.

The common crt^vfifb, and the large fea crmv-

fjh, both produce the ilones called crabs eyes. Hill.

To CRAWL. <v. n. \krielen, Dutch.]

1 . To creep ; to move with a flow motion ;
to move without rifing from the ground,
as a worm.

r faw them under a green mantling vine.
That cratu/t along the fide ot' yon fmall hill.

Millcn.
That er^fwling infcO, who from mud began ;
Warm'd by my beams, and kindle^ inta man !

DryAcn.
, The ftreams, but juftcontain'd wHhin their

bounils.
By How degrees into their channels craivl ;
And earth incrcafcs as the waters fall. Dryiin.
A worm finds what it fearchej after, only by
feeling, at it cravih from one thing to anotiier.

Gretv^s Caftjioiogia.
The vile worm, that yefterday brgan
To iraw/j t' y felljw-creature, abjffl man. Prhr.

2. To move weakly and flowly, or timo-
roufly.

'Tis our firft intent
To Ihake all cares and bufmefs from our age.
While we unburthen^d cratul tow 'id death.

ShaJtifpeare^i K;fig Lrar.

They like tall fellows crept out of the holes ;
and fecrctly crmolmgMp the battered walls of the
fort, got into it. KmIIci.

For the fleets of Solomon and th» kings of
Egypt, it is very apparent they went with great
Icifure, and crato/ej clok by theihore-nde.

//-:>■.>>:.

A look fo pale no qnartane ever gave ;
Thy dwindled legs feem craviling to a gr.-ive.

Vrytien'i JuniertiU
• He was hardly able to craivl about the room,
far left to look a;ter a troublefomp bnfincfs.

jiriuthnot^s Join Ball.
Man is a very worm by birth.

Vile reptile, weak and vain !
A while he craivh M\~in the earth,

1 hen ihrinks to earth again. P<ft.

It will be very necelTary for the th:-caiibate

gownman, and every child who can cruvil, to

watch the fields at harveft-time. Sviift.

3. To advance flowly and flily.

Cranmer
Hath craviti into the favour of the king.
And is his oracle. Shukeffeart't Henry VIII.

4. To move about hated and defpifed.

K ^'Q. u; on that litt':r of abfurd opinions that
trazcl about the world, to the difgrace of reafon.

Smth.

How will the condemned fmner then cra-wl
forth, and appear in his fikfa, before that undefined
tribunal f South.

BehbU a rev'rend fire, whom want of grace
Has made the father of a namelefs race,
Craivl thr>ugh the ftreet, fiiov'd on, or rudely

prcfs*d
By liij own (i>i\s, that '^ifs him by unblefs'd ! Pcfe.

Cr a'wi.er. w.T". [from traou/.] Acrecper;

any thing that creeps.
Cr a'y FiSH. »./. [See Crawfish.} The

river lobllcr.
1 h: cure of the muriatick and armoniack fait-

nefs recjuircs fiimy meats j as faails, tortoifes,

jelUes, aud crayfijhut Htyrr.

C, R E

Cra'yon. n.f. [frajow, French.]

1 . A icind of pencil ; a roll of pafte to
' draw lines with.'

Let no d.>y pifs over you without drawing a
line; that is,' to fay, without working, without
giving fome fttokes of the pencil or the crayon.

Drjiir'i D:ifrtfnoy.

2. A drawing or defign done with a pencil
or crayon.

To CRAZE, -v. a. \ecrafer, French,"to
break to pieces.]

1 . To break ; to crufti ; to weaken.

In this confidcration, the anfwcr of Calvin unto
Farrel, concerning the children of popifli parents,
doth fccm craxid. Haiin

Relent, fwcet Hermia ; and, Lyfandcr, yield
Thy irazitl title to my certain right. Sbatifpccrc.

Till length of years.
And fedentary numbnrfs, craxc my limbs. Milton.

Then through the fiery pillar, and the cloud,
God looking forth, will trouble all his hoft.
And craxe their chariot wheels. Milton.

2. To powder.

The tin ore pafleth to the craxing mill, which,
between two grinding ftones, bruifeth it to a fine
fand. Carrw't Survey.

3. To crack the brain ; to impair the in-
telleft.

I lov'd him, friend.
No father his fon dearer, true, to tell thee.
That grief hath crax'd my wits. Shak. K. Lear.
Wickednefs is a kind of voluntary frcnay, and
a cliofen diftraflion ; and every finner does wilder
and more extravagant things than any man can
do that is traced and out of his wirs ; only with
thisYad difference, that he knows bitter what he
does. Tillotfon.

Cra'zedness. n.f. [horn crnzed.'\ De-
crepitude ; brokennefs ; diminution of
intelleft.

The nature, as of men that have fick bodies, fo
likewitif of the people in the cr<ja!.rfnt_/} of their
minds, pofiefled with didike and difcontentmcnt
at tViings prefcnt, is to imagine that any thing
would help them. Hooker.

Cra'zikess. n.f. [hom crazy."]

1. State of being crazy ; imbecility ;
weaknefs.

Touching other pLiccs, (he may be faid to
hold them as one (hould do a wolf by the ears ;
nor will I fpcak now of tbi'eraxinefi of her title
tJ many of them. Hcvicl's fecal ForeJI.

2. Weaknefs of intelleft.
Cra'zv. aiij. \ecrax.e, French.]

1. Broken; decrepit.

Come, my lord.
We will bcftow you in fome better place.
Fitter for ficknefs and for craxy age.

Shaiejpeare't Henry VI.

When people are craxy, and in difordtr, it is

natural for them to groan. VEfirange.

2. Broken-witted ; fliatteredintheintelleft.

The queen of night, whofe large command
Rules all the f:a and half the land,
And over moift and craxy brains,
In high fpiing-tides, at midnight reigns. Hudihat.

3. Weak ; feeble ; fliattered.

Phyfick can but mend out craxy ftate,
Patch an old building, not a new create. Dryden.

Were it pofllble that the near approaches of eter-
nity, whether by a mature age, a craxy conftitu-
tion, or a violent ficknefs, Ihould amaze fo many,
had they truly confidered, tyake.

Creacht. n.f. [An Irirti word.]

In thefe faft places, they kept their creaghti, or
herds of cattle, living by the milk of the cov,
wirhout hulbandry or tillage. Davits on Ireland.

To Creacht. v. v.

It was made penal to the Englifh to permit the
Irilh to crcagbt or grnze upon their lands, or prefcnt
them to ecclcliallical beseficcs. Vaviet en JnLird.

:C R E

To Creak, v. n. {corrupted from crack."]

1. To make a harih protraftel noife. ''

Let not the creaking of flioes, nor the ruftling
of filks, betray thy poor heart to women.

Sbakeffcart's King Lear.
No door there was th' unguarJed houfe to keep.
On creating hinges wrn'd, to brrak his flcep.

brjJtn.

2. It is fometimes ufed of animals.

The creaking locufts with my voice confpire,
They fried with heat, and I with fierce defire.

Dryden,

CREAM, n.f. [cremor, Latin.]

1. The unfluous or oily part of milk,
which, when it is cold, floats on the
top, and is changed by the agitation
of the chura into butter ; the fljwer of
milk. ■

It is not your inky browrs, your black filk hair.
Your bugle eye-balls, nor yourcheelf of cream.
That can entame my fpirits to your worfliip.

Stakeffeare.

I am as vigilant as a cat to fteai cream.

Skatefjteare's Henry IV.

Cream is matured and made to rife fpeedily, by
putting in cold water j which, as it fcemeth,
getteth down the whey. Bacon's Nufaral liy}:ry.

How the drudging goblin fwet,
• To earn his crcam-boviX duly fet ;
When in one night, ere glimpfe of mom.
His ihadowy flail hath threfli'd the com. Milton.

Let your various creams incirled be
With fweiling fruit, juft ravilh'd fiom the tree.

. . '^'•'£-

Milk, (landing fome time, naturally fcparatcs
into an oily liquor called cream j'2nd a thinner,
blue, and more ponderous liquor, called (kimmed
milk. j^rbutbnot on j^iiments.

2. It is ufed for the bed part of any thing :
as, the cream if a jtft.

7c Cream. 1;. «. [from the noun.] To
gather cream.

There are a fort of men, whofe vifages
Do cream and mantle like a (landing pond ;
And do a wilful ilirthcfs emertain.
With purpofe to be drcft in an opijaon
Of wifdom, gravity, profound conceit.

Sbakefpcar^'s Afercbant nj Venice.

7« Cream, -v. a. [from the noun.]

1 . To take off the cream.

2. To take the flower and quinteflence
of any thing : io ufed fomewhere by

Crf A M-FACED. aJj . [cream and faceJ.}
Pale ; coward-looking.

Thou- f(¥<nn-/ic'</ lown.
Where got'ft thou that goofe-look ?

Shaiefpearc's Macbelbf

Cre'amy. aJj. [from cream.] Full of
cream ; having the nature of cream.

CRE'JNCE. n. J. [French.] Is, in fal-
conry, a fine fmall line, faftencd to a
hawk's leafli when flie is firft lured.

CREASE, n.f. [from creta, Latin, cjjalk.
Skinner,] A mark made by doubling any
thing.

Men of great parts are unfortunate in bufincfs,
becaufc they go out of the common road : I once
dcfired lord Bolingbroke to obferve, that the clerks
ufed an ivory knifi:, with a blunt edge, to divide
paper, which cut it even, only requiring a ftrong
hand j whereas a (harp penknife would go out of
the creaje, and disfigure the paper. S-wift^

To Cre'ase. -v. a. [from the noun.] To
mark any thing by doubling it, fo as'to
leave the imprelTian.
To CREA'TE. -v. a. [creo, Latin.]
I . To form out of nothing ; to caufe to
exiA.

Tn

C R E

CiR E

C R E

In the beginning God trtattd the heaven and
the earth. [Getitfu.

We having but imperfeft Ideas of the operations
of our minds, and much imperfefter yet of the
operations of God, run into great difficulties about
free crialid agents, which reafoo cannot well ex-
tricate itfelf out of. Lade.

2. To produce ; to caufe j to be the occa-
iion of.

Now is the time of help : your eye in Scotland
Would create foldiers, and make women fight.

Shakefpeare*

His abilities were prone to create in him great

confidence of undertakings, and this was like

enough to betray him to great errours and many

enemies. ^^'^ Cbarlts.

They edipfe the cleareft truths by difficulties o/

their own creating, or no man could mifs his way

to heaven for want of light. Decay of Piety.

None knev.', till guilt created fear.

What darts or poifon'd arrows were.

Rofcommoit,
Mufl 1 new bars to my own joy create,
Re/ule myfelf what I had forc'd from fate ?

Drydeni Aurengxebe^

Long abdinence is troublefome to acid confTi-

tutions, by the uneallnefs it creates in the flomach.

Arburbnct.

3. To beget.

And the lITue there create
Ever Ihall be fortunate. Shaieffeare^

4. To inveft with any new charafter.

Arife, my knights o' th' battle : 1 create you
Companions to our perfon, and will 6t you
With dignities becoming your eftares.

Sbakefpeare's Cyminrtne.

5. To give any new qualities ; to put any
thing in a new ftate.

The beilBritilh undertaker had but a proportion
of three thoufand acres for hinifelf, with power
to freate a manor, and hold a courc-baron.

Danjiei.cn Ireland.
Crea'tion. n./. [from create.']

1 . The aft of creating or conferring exift-
ence.

Copfidcr the immenfity of the Divine Love,
expreflVd in all the emanations of his proiidcnce ;
ia his creation, in his confervation ci us. Taytor,

2. The aft of inverting with new qualities
or charafter : as, the creation of peers.

3. The things created ; the univerfe.

As fubjccti ihcn the whole creaticn came,
And from thcu natures Adam them did name.

Der.bam.
Such wjis the fiir.t, who flione with ev'ry grate,
Refledliag, M, fa-like, his mailer's face !
God faw his image lively was exprefj'd,
And hi» own Wjrk a» his creation blefs'd.

Dry Jen'' t Fab/et.
Nor could the tender new creation bear
Th" excedive heaw or coldnefj of the year.

Dryden's Virgil,
In dayi of yore, no matter where or when.
Before the liiw creaiicn fwarm'd with men. rarncl.

4. Any thing produced, or caufed.

Art thou not, Tutji vitioq, fenlible
To feeling as n fli;!.t ? Or art thou but
A dagger of the mhij, a falfc crcaiun.
Proceeding from the heat-oppreffed brain ?

Slaliejfeate'i Macbeth,
Crea'tive. adj, [from creaie.1

1 . Having the power to create.

But come, ye generous minds, in wbofe wide
thought,
Of all hi! wirks, creative beauty burns
With warmest beam. Ttomfon'i Spring.

2. Exerting the aft of creation.

To trace the outgoings of the ancient of days
in the firft inftance, and of his creative power, is
a refearch too great for mortal enquiry. S-^utb.

Crea'tor. n, /, [creator, Latin.] The
being that bcdowt exiltence.

Open, ye heavens, your living doors ; let in
The great creator, from his work return'd
Magnificent ; his fix days work, a world. Milton,

When you lie down, clofe your eyes with a fiiort
prayer, commit yourfelf into the hands of your
faithful creator; and when you have done, truft
him with yourfelf, as you muft do when you are
dying. Taylor s Guide to Devotion.

Cre'ature. n,/, [r«a/Br^, low Latin.]

1 . A being not felf-exiftent, but created by
the fupreme power.

Were thefe perfons idolaters for the worship they
did not give to the creator, or for the worihip they
did give to his creatures ? Stillingjlect-,

2. Any thing created.

God's fii (I crcaiun was light. Bacon s New At!.
Imperfr^ the world, and all the creatures in it,
mull be acknowledged in many rcfpcds to be.

Tillotfin,

3. An animal, not human.

The queen pretended fatisfa^tion of her know-
ledge only in killing creatures vile, as cats and dogs.
Shakefpeare' s Cymbeline.

4. A general term for man.

Yet crime in her could never creature i\ni^
But for hii love, and for her own felf fake,

She wandcr'd had from one to other Ind. Spenftr.

Mod curfed of all creatures under iky,
Lo, Tantalus, I here tormented lie.' [Sperfer,

Though he might burll his lungs to call for help,
No creature would affiil or pity him. Rofcommon.

5. A word of contempt for a human being.

Hence ; home, you idle creatures, get you home \
Is this a holiday .' , Shakefpeare' s Julius Cafar.

He would Into the (leivs,
.And from the common creatures pluck a glove.
And wear it as a favour.. Shakefp. Richard \ll.

I've heard that guilty creatures at a'play.
Have, by the very cunning of the fcone.
Been ftruck fo to the foul, that prefeiitly
They have proclaim'd their m.t:efa£tion?.

Shakefpeare' s Hamlet.

Nor think to-night of thy ill nature, ,

But of thy follies, idle creature. Prior,

A good poei no fooner communicates his works,
but it is imagined he is a vain young creoturCi
given up to t'lic ambition of fanie. Pope,

6. A word of petty tendejaefs. .

And then, Sir, wuuld he gripe and wring my
hand ;
Cry, Ob fweet creature, and then kifs me hard.

Shakelpean,
Ah, cruel creature, whom.flon; t]i : :
The^gods, to live in woods, h-ive Ic.

1-, ^d._

Some young frM(Kri;i have learmtneirle:ters and"
fyllabiet by having tliem palled upon little tablets..

If'/atts,

7. A perfoa who owes his rife or his for-
tune to another.

He fent to colonel Maflcy to fend him men,
which he, being a creature ai EiTex's, refufeJ.

Clarendon.

The duke's creature he dcfired to be cllecmed.
■~ Clarendon,

Great princes thus, when favourites they raifc,
'Tojuftify their grace, their rre<7/ur« praiff,- Dryd.

The defign was diicoyered by a perfon whom
every body knows to be the creature of a certain
great man. Swift.

Cre'aturely. adj, [from creature.]
Having the qualities of a creature.

The feveral parts of relatives, or creaturcly in-
finites, may have finite proportions to one another.
Cheyne'i Philofopbical Principles,

C R e'b R I T u D E . It. /. [from creier, fre-
quent, Latin.] Frequentnefs. Di£l.

Cre'brous. ac{/. [from creier, La,t,] Fre-
quent. Z>/V?.

CRE'DENCE. »./. [from credo, Lat. cre-
dence, Norman Fr.]

I. Belief J credit.

Ne let him feem that credence this exceeds.
For he that made the fame was known right well

To have done much more admirable deeds j
It Merlin was, Spenfer,

Love. and wifdom,
Approv'd fo to your majefty, may plead
For ample credence. Shakefpeare.

They did not only underhand give out tlratthis
( was the true earl j but the friar, finding fome cre-
dence In the people, took boldnefs in the pulpit to
declare as much. Bacon.

2. That which gives a claim to credit 01
belief.

After they had delivered to the king their letters
of credence, they were led to a chamber richly fur-
nifhcii. Haytvard.

GMEDE'NDJ. n.f. [Latih.] Things to
be believed ; articles of faith j diftin-
guifhed in theology from agenda, or prac-
tical duties.

Thefe were the great articles and credenda of
Chriftianlty, that fo much ftartled the world. South,
Cre'd&nt. adj. [credens, Latin.]
I . Believing ; eafy of belief.

Then weigh what lofs your honour may fuftain.
If with too credent ear you lift' his fongs.

Shcriejpeare's Hatnlee.

z. Having credit j not to be queftioned.
Lefs proper.

My authority bears a credent bulk.
That no particular fcandal once can touch,
But it confounds the breather. Sbak. Meaf. for M.

Crede'ntial. tt.f. [from fr^rfV^j, Lat.]
That which gives a title to credit ; the
warrant upon which belief or authority
is claimed.!

A few perlbns of an odious and defplfed country
could not have filled the world with believers, had
they not fliown undoubted i-;vA«/;a/j from the Di-
vine Fcrfon who fent tliem o.n fuch a mefl'age.

Addifon tin the Chrifiian Religitm.

Credibi'litv. n. /. [from credible.']
Claim to credit; pollibility of obtaining
belief; probability.

The firfV r,f thofe opinions I (hall fliew to be
alto.gcther incredible, and the latter to have all the
credibility »ad evidence .of which'.*' thing of that -
nature is capable. Ti'lotfon.

Calculate the feveral degrees of credibility and
conviction, by which the one evidence furpall'eth
the.r>ther. Atieriury.

.Cre'dible. a<^'. [credeiilis, L^t.] Worthy
of credit ; deferving of 43elief j having
a juft claim to belief.

The ground of credit is the cre'jibility of things
credited ; and things are made credible, either by
the known condition and quality of the uttercr, or
by the manifeft likelihood of truth in themfelves.

}Uoker.

None can dcmonftrate to me, that there is fuch
an iiland as Jamaica j yet, upon the teiHmony of
credible perfons, 1 am free from doubt. Tillotfon.
CRE'orBLENESs. )!. /. [from credible,]
Credibility; worthinefs of belief; juil
claim. to belief.

The crediblenfs of a good part of thcfe nar.
raclvcs has been confirmed to me by a praitifer of
phyfick. Boyle.

Cre'diblv. ad'v. [from credible.] In a
manner that claims belief.

This, with the lofs of fo few of the Engli/h
as is Icarce credible ; being, as hath been rather
confidently than credibly reported, but of one man, I
thouj^h n<it a few hurt. c . ■ Bacu*^ .

CRE'DIT. n.f. [credit, Frencli.]
I. Belief of; faith yielded to antither.

When the people heard thcfe wordy, they gavC; •
no credit unto them, nor received chcin.

I Mae. X. 46. ''
I may give i^rcdd to tc^QXUt. Adiiijm's SpeeUtor^!^

Some

C R E

Some fecret truths, t'rom learned pr'iJe concetl'd,
Tn ina'tds alone and children arc reveaPd ;
l^^ii though no rrr</.'r doubling wits may give,
Th( lair and innocent Ihall ItiU believe. P^fe.

2. Honour ; reputation.

] publiflied, becaufc I was told I might pleafc
fiich as it was a crcjii to plcafe. /*«/><■.

3. Efteem ; good opinioB.

'I'herc is no decaying merchant, or inward beg-
gar, bath fo many tricks to uphold the criJit ol
their wealth, as thefe empty perfons have to main-
tain the creJit of their fufficiency. Baan.

His Larning, though a poet faid it.
Before a phiy, would lofe no crctitt* • Swift*

Yes, while I live, no rich or noble knave
Shall walk the world in credit to his grave.

Pcfi'i Jhraci.

4. Faith i telUmony ; that wliich procures
belief.

We are contented to take this upon your credit,
and to think it may be, Hocker.

The things which we properly believe, be only-
fuch as are received upon the credit of divine telli-
mony. Hooker*

The author would have done well to have left fo
great a paradox only to the credit of a fingle alfer-
tion. Locke.

5. Truft repofed, with regard to property :
correlative to Mt.

Credit is nothing but the ezpe£tation -of money,
within fome limited time. Lecie,

6. Protnife given.

They have never thought of violating the •pub-
lick credit, or of alienating the revenues to other
ufes than to what tbcy have been thus aflijned.

Mdifei.

7. Influence; power not compulfive ; in-
tcrelK

She employed his nttermoft credit to relieve us,
which was as great as » beloved fon with a mother.

Sidney.
They fenthimlikewife a copy of their fupplica-
tlon to the king, and defircd him to ofe his credi:
that a treat)' might be entered into. Clarendcn.
' Having credit enough with his maAer to provide
for his own intereft, he troubled not himicif for
that of other men. Clarendon.

T^o-Cre'dit. 'v.a. [rr;</0, Latin.]

1 . To believe.

Now I change my mind,
And partly credit things that do prcfage.

Sbakejpcare''i 'JuViut Ctpjjr.

To cruBt the unintelligibility both of this union

and motion, we need no more than to confider it.

Glanville*

2. To procure credit or honour to any
thing.

May here her monument Hand f>>.
To credit this rude age ; and Ihnw
To future times, that even we
Some patterns did of virtue fee. fyh/fer.

It was not upon defign to credit thefe papers,
nor to compliment a fociety fo much above flattery.

G/ar.vi/it.

At prefcnt you credit the church as much by

y«ur government, as you did die fchool formerly

by your wit. South.

3. To trull ; to confide in.

4. To admit as a debtor.
Cre'oitable. a/fj. [from tree/it, "]

1. Reputable; above contempt.

He IctticJ him in a good crediuthU wayof living,
h.tVing procured him by his intexft one of the beft
placci uf the ouiitry. Arbutbnot'i'jftbnBuli.

2. Honourable ; eftiraable.

The conieniplacicn of things, that do not fervo
to promote our happincfi, ii but a more fpccious
fort of idlencfs, a more pardonable and credi:ai>/t
kind of ignnrancr. Tilinfor,

Cre'ditableniss. »./ [from cicdita-
ile.] Rcputation-j clcimation.

C RE

Among all thcfe fnarrs, there is tlone fliwre

entangling than the creditahlencji and repute of

cuftjmary vices. Decay of Piety.

Cre'ditabi.y. eidn.'. [from cret/ita/>/e.]

Reputably; without difgrace.

Many will chufc rather to iie^Ieft their duty

fafely and crediiahly, than to get a broken pate in

I the church's fervice, only to be rewarded with that

' which will break their heart; too. ' S'yufb*

Cr e'd 1 to r. rt.f. ■ [frrJiior, Lfttin.]

1 . He to whom a debt is owed ; he tliat
gives credit : correlative to debtor.

There came divers of Antonio's creditori in my
company to Venice, that fwear be cannot chuk
but break. Sbateffcare.

1 am fo ufcd to confider -myfdf as creditor and
debtor, that 1 often ftatc my accounts after the fame
manner, with regard to heaven and my own foul.
Addifn's SfieSintcr.

No man of honour, >as that word is ufualty un-
dcrAood, did ever pretend that his honour obliged
him to be chaise or temperate, to pay his erediton,-
to be ufeful to his country, to do good to mankind,
to endeavour to be wife or learned, to regard his
word, Ills promifc, or his oath. Swift,

2, One who credits, one who believes.
Not ufcd.

Many fought to feed
The cafy creditors of novelties,
By voicing him alive. Sbakifj>eare.

Credu'lity. n.f. [ereeiulite, French ;
treilulitns, Latin.] Eafmefs of belief ;
readinefs of credit.

The poor Plangus, being fubjcft to that only
difadvantagc of honell hearts, credulity, was per-
fuaded by him. Sidney,

The pfcjudice of credulity may, in fome mea-
fure, be cured, by learning to fet a high value on
truth. U'atti's Logici.

CRE'DULOUS. adj, [credultts, Latin.]
Apt to believe ; unfufpefting ; eafily
deceived.

A credulous father, and a brother noble,
Whofe nature is fo far from doing harm.
That he fufpefts none. Sbateffeare' s King Lear,
Who now enjoys thee credulous all gold.
Who always vacant, always amiable,
Hopes thee, of flattei-y gales
Unmindful, haplelt he,

T' whom thou untry'd feem'ft fair. Milton.

Cre'dulousness. «.y.' [from i-fW/z/ea^.]

Aptnefs to believe ; credulity.
Creed, n.f. [from rrfi/o, the iirft word of
the apoftles creed.]

1 . A form of words in which the ar-ticles
of faith are comprehended.

The larger and fuller view of this foundation
is fet down in the creeds of the church.

Hammond on Fundamentals.

Will they, who decry creeds and creedmakers,

fay thatone whowritcsa treacifc of morality ought

not to make in it any collection of moral prctepts ;

Fiddes's Sermons,

2. Any folemn profeflion of principles or
opinion.

For me, my lords,
1 love him not, nor fear him ; there 's my creed.

Sbtshtf^eare.

7» Creek, v.a. [See To Creak.]' To
make a harfh noife.

Shall I (lay here,
CreeHni; my (hoes on the plain mafonry f Sbakeff>.

CREEK. >t,f, [qiecca. Sax. heie. Dut.]
I . A prominence or jut in a winding coaft.

As dreams, which with their winding banks do
play, . , , i ,

Stopp'd by their cteekt, run foftly through the
plain. Davis.

They on the bank of Jordan, by a crut.
Where winds with reeds and offers whifp'ring play.
Their uncxpefled lofs and plaints ouibtcatb'd.

Milien.

^ R E

a. A fmall port ; a bay ; a cove.

A law was made here to flop their pafTage !■
every port a.id creek. Davies tn Ireland,

3. Any turn, or alley.

A baik-jricr.d, a tiioulder-clapper ; one that

commands ihc paii'ages of alloys, creeks, and nar.

row lands. Shakefftare,

Crc'eky. adj, [from creek, "^ Full of

creek» ; unequal ; winding.

Who, leaning on the belly of a pot,
Pout'd forth a water, whofe outgiiihing flood

Run bathing all the creeiy (hore a-flot,
Whereon the Trojan ptiace fpilt Tumus' blooj.

Stxrfer.
To CREEP. 'V. n, pret. creft. [cfiypan.
Sax. krepan. Germ.]

1. To move with the belly to the ground,
without legs, as a worm.

-Vc that walk
The earth, and (tardy tread, or lowly creep l Milt.
And every crteprng thing that creeps the ground.

Mi/tan,

If they cannot diftinguiih creeping from Hying,

let them lay down Virgil, and take up Ovid de

Ponto. Dryden.

2. To grow along the ground, or on other
fupports.

Tlij grottos cocrl, with Ihady poplars crown'd.
And Creeping vines on arbours weav'd around.

Dryden.

3. To move forward without bounds or
leaps, as infefts.

4. To move flowly and feebly.

To-morrow, and to-morrow, .and to-morrow,
Creeps in this petty pace from day to day.
To the lall fy liable of retorded time.

Sbakeffieare's Macletb.
Why fhouid a man
Sleep when he wakes,'and creep into the jaundice
By being pcevifh ? Shakejp. Merchant of Venict.

He who netps after plain, dull, common fenfe,
is fafe from committing abfurdities, but can never
reach the cicccllcnce of wit. Dryden't Tyrar. Love.

5. To move fecretly and clandeftinely.

I'll creep up into the chimney.

— There they always ufed to difcharge their
birding-pieces : creep into the kiln-hole.

Shakefp. Meiry IVives offTwdja:
Whate'er you are.
That in tliis defart inacceflible)
Under the fliade of melancholy boughs,
Lofe and negleia the creeping hours of ttoe. Sbak.

Of this fort are they which creep into houfcs,
and load captive filly women. 1 Timothy, iii. 6.

Thou makcft darknei's, and it Is night, wherein
all the hearts of the forcll do creep forth.

PJalm civ. 20,

Now and then a work or two has crept in, to
keep his firltdcdgn in countenance. Atterbury.

6. To move timoroufly without fearing,
or venturing into dangers.

Paradife I.o(t is admirable ; but am I therefore
bound to maintain, that there arc no flats amongft
his elevations, when it is evident he creeps along
fomctimes for above an hundred lines together ?

Dryden,

We here took a little boat, to creep along the
fea-(hore as far as Genoa. Mdifin on Italy.

7. To come unexpefted ; to Ileal forward
unheard and unfeen.

By thole gift; of nature and fortune l.e creeps,
nay he flies, into the favour of poor filly women.

Sidney.

It ftems, the marriage of his brother's wife
Has crept too near his -?nf"ifn"r-
— — No, his coiifciencc
Has crept too near another lady. Sbak. II, VIII.

Necefiity enforced them, affer they grew full of
people, to fprrad themfelves, and creep out of Shi-
nar, or Babylonia. Raleigh's Hijl.ry.

None pretends to know from how remote corners
ofthofc frozen mountains fome of thofe fierce ra.
twns fi;ll irr^t ouc. 1en.fle.

it

C R E

It is not to be expefled that every one- fliould
ganrd his undetftanding from being impofed on
by the fophiftry which crtefi into moft of the
books of argument. Lc:lce,

8. To behave with fervility j to fawn j to
ben-d.

They were usM to bendj-
To fend their fmiles before them to Achilles,
To come as humbly as they us'd to creef
To h.jjy altars. Sbakefftare' i Trti/us and Crij^de.

Cre'eper. »./. [from creep .]

1 . A plpnt that fupports itielf by means o£
fome Itronger body.

Plants that put forth their fap haftily, have
bodies not proportionable to their length j there-
fore they are winders or crirfirs, as ivy, briony,
and woodbine. Bacon.

2. An iron ufed to Aide along the grate in
kitchens.

3. A kind of patten or clog worn by wo-
men.

Cree'phole. «./ {^creep and hch.'\

1. A hole into which any animal may
creep to efcape danger.

2. Afubterfuge; an excufe.
CuEE'piNGLr. ad'v. [ from creeping. ]

Slowly ; after the manner of a reptile.

The joy, which wrought into Pygmalion's
mind, was even fuch as, by each dcjsree of Zel-
mane's words, crrtf'nt^lj entered into Phjioclea's.

Sidrey.

Cree'ple. n. /. [from creep."] A lame
perfon ; a cripple.

She to whom this world mull itfelf refer
As fuburbs cr the roicroc fm of her,
She, <he is dead, (he's dead when thou know'ft

thii,
Thou know'ft how lame a crnple this world is.

Danre.

Crema'tion, «./. [cremai i a, Lztin.] A

burning.
CRE'MOR. n.f. [Latin.] A milky fub-

llance ; a foft liquor refembling cream.
The food is fwalloweJ into the ftomach, where,

mingled with dlffolvent juices, it is reduced into a

chyle or frnf?or. Ray.

Cre'nated. adj. [from crena, Latin.]
Notched ; indented.

The cells are prettily frraafri/, or notched, r,ii'te
round t!ie edges ; but not Hraitcd down to any
depth. Wctid'vuai J.

Cre'pane. n.f. [With farriers.] An
olcer feated in the midll of the forepr\rt
of the foot. Farrier's DiB.

To CRETITATE. -v. n. [erepito, Latin.]

To make a fmall crackling noife.
Cr E p I T a't 1 o h. It. /. [from crepitate.] A

fmall crackling noife.
Crb'pt. partkip. [from creep.]

There ate certain men treft in unawares. Jude.

This f«ir vir.e, but that her arms fjrround

Her married elm, hidfr<y/ along the gnund. Pipe.

CREPU'SCULE. n.f. [crepu/culum, Lat.]

Twilight. Dtil.

Crepu'sculous. adj. [crepu/culum .Lut.]

Glimmering ; in a ftate between light

and darkaefs.

A clofe apprehenfion of the one, might perhaps

afford a glimmering light and trifufcuSiiui glance

of the otbf r« Bmvi.

The beginnings of philofophy were in a trtfuf-

tiikus obfcurity, aod it is yet fearer paft the dawn.

Glamiiltii Scefjtt.

CRE'SCENT. aJJ. [from cre/ce, Latin.]

Increaftng ; growing ; in a ftate of in-

creafe.

I have fecn him 10 Btitjin : he was then of j
CTijUvt acl«. SiaJu/fiarc'i Cjrilrhnc.

C R E

With tlicfe in troop
Came Aftorcth, whom the Phoenicians cali'd
Aftarte, queen of heaven, with crcjctm horns. ATih.
Cre'scent. ». /. [cre/cens, Lat.] The
moon in her ftate of increaie ; any fimi-,
litude of the moon increafmg.

My pow'r's a cnjcent, and my auguring hope
Says it will come to th' full. Sh^ik. Ant. and Clnf.

Or Ba£trian fophy, from the horns
Of Turkifh crejceni, leaves all wafte beyond
'The-rcalm of Aladule, in his retreat. Mihim.

Jove in dufky clouds involves the ficieb.
And the faint crtjccr.t Ihoots by fits before their
eyes. Drydia.

And two fair crefcrnts of tranflucent horn
The brows of all their young increafe adorn.

Pope's Oiyjpy.

Q,?.i.'\c\\z.aJj. [from rr^s, Latin.] In-
creafmg ; growing.

So the prince obfcur'd his contemplation
Under the veil of wild.nefs, which no diubt
Grew, like the fummer gtals, falteft by night,
Unfeen, yetirr/irof in his faculty. iibak. H. V.

Cress, n.f. [perhaps from rr^ff, it being
a quick grower ; »fl/?«r//«/», Lat.] An
herb.

Its fliiwer confifts of four leaves, placed in form
of acrofs: the pointal arifes from the centre of
the flower-cup, and becomes a roundifli fmooth
fruit, divided into two cells, and furnilhed with
feeds, generally fmooth. Miller,

His court, with nettles and withrr^i (Vor'd,
With-foups unbought, and fallads, bleil his board.

Pope.

Cre'sset. n. f. [croijfette, Fr. becaufe
beacons had croifes anciently on their
tops.] A great light fet upon a beacon,
light-houfe, or watch-tower. Hantner.
They ftill raile armies in Scotland by
carrying about the fire-crofs.

At my nativity
The front of heav'n was full of fiery fparks,
Of burning crejjitt. Shalcjf tare's llevry IV.

From the arched roof.
Pendent by fubtic ma^ick, many a row
Of ftarry lamps, and t.iizing crrffers, fed
With naphtha and afphaltus, yielded light
As from a (ky. Milton's Paradije Loft.

CREST. «./ [criJUi, Latin.]

1 . The plume of feathers on the top of the
ancient helmet ; the helmet.

His valour, ihewn upon our trejls to-day.
Hath taught us h'>w to cherilh fuch high deeds,
Ev'n in the bofom of our adverfaties.

Shoktffeare's Henry IV.

2. The comb of a cock : whence Milton
calls him crejied.

Others on ground
Walk'd firm ; the ertfted cock, whofe clarion

fjunds
The filent hours. Milton's Paradift L'ft.

3. The ornament of the helmet in he-
raldry.

Of what efteem fr<yfj were, in the time of king
Edward the Third's reign, may appear by his giv-
ing an eagle, which he himfelf had formerly born,
for a crift to William Moncacute, earl of Saliibury.
Carnden's Rcmaim.
The horn ^•
It was a crefl ere thou waft Lorn ".
Thy fathers father wore it. Shak. jls ycu like it.

4. Any tuft or ornament on the head ; as
fome which the poets alTign to ferpepts.

Their crrjls divide.
And, tow'ring o'er his head, in triumph ride.

Dryden'l Virgil.

5. Pride; fpirit ; fire ; courage ; loftiiiefs
of mien.

Wli'n horfts (hould cndurt the bloody fpur.
They fidl their trfs, Siaktfpcare.

C R I

C re's TED. ad/, [from ere/?; err/fat us,
Latin.]

1. Adorned with a plume or creft.

The bold Afcalonites
Then grov'Ilng foil'd their crefted helmets in the
duft. Milton,

At this, for new replies he did not ftay ;
But lac'd his ertfted ht\m, and ftrode away. Drjdw

2. Wearing a comb.

The crcfted bird Ihall by experience know,
Jove made not him his mafter-piece below. Dry J,
Crest-fallen, ctdj. {creji z^ni fall.]
Dejefted ; funk ; dilpiriteJ ; cowed ;
heartiefs ; fpiritlefs.

1 warrant you, they would whip me with their

fine wits, till I were as crtft-falUn as a dried pear.

SLakefpeare's Merry Wives of IVindfor.

They prolate their words in a whining kind of

quel ulcus tone, as if they were ftill complaining

and crift fallen, Hticell.

Cre'stl&ss. adj. [from fc^y?.] Not dig'*
nified with coat-armour j not of any
eminent family.

His grandtathei was Lionel duke of Clarence,
Third Ion to the third Edward king of England,"
Sprung creftlf yeomen from fo deep a root. Shot,

CRETA'CEOUS. adj. [r/f.-a, chalk, Lat.]

1. Having the qualities of chalk; chalky.

What gives the light, feems hard to fay ; whs.,
thcr it be the cretaceous fait, the nitrous fait, or
fome igneous particler, Crr^w* -

2. Abounding witn chalk.

Nor from the fable ground expeiS fuccefs,
Nor from cretaceous, ftubborn and jejune. Philips.

Creta'ted. adj. [(■;■««/»/, Latin.] Rub-
bed with chalk. , DiB. '

C.'^e'vice. >i.f, [from crever, Fr. crcpare, ■
Latin, to burft.] A crack ; a cleft ;
a narrow opening.

1 pried me through the crevice of a waM,
When for his hand he had his two funs heads,

Sbakejfeart,

I thought it no breach of good-manners to peep
at a crevice, and look in at people fo well em*
ployed. Aditifm'i SpeflBtor,

7oCre'vice. -v. a. [ from- the noun.]
To crack ; to flaw.

So laid, they are more apt in f.vagging down ta.
pierce with their points, than in the j:iceiit pollute,
and fo X.0 crevice the wn'l. JVctton'i ArJjle^turr.

CREW. ;;./ [probably from cjntb. Sax.]

I. A company of people aflbciated for any

purpofe : as gallant creiv, for troops.

Che'vj'^chafc\
There a noble crew
Of lords and ladies ftood on every fide,
Which with their picfence fair the place mnciv '
beautified. _ S^enjer.

z. The company of a Ihlp.

The anchors dropp'd, hisoi-wtheveirels moor.
Drydcns Aim iJ^

3. It is now generally ufed in a bad fenfe.

One of the banilh'd crew,
I fear, hath vcntur'd from the deep, to rai&
New troubles. Milton's Etradifc Loft, ,

^le, with a cre^v, whom like .wnbition joins
With him, or under him U'tyrannize,
M uching from Eden tow'rds the wcO, (hall find
The plain. Miltcn'i ParadiJ'e Left, '-

The laft Was he, whofe thunder flew
The 7'itan race, a rebel crew. . Addijon, -

Cr sw. [the preterite of crmu.]

The cotk frc7r. Biile,

Cre'wel. n. f. [klenuel, Dutch.] Yarn 1
twifted, and wound on a knot or ball.

Take filk or cntvel, gold or filKr thread, and
make thefe fail at the bent of the hook.

IValton't Angler.

CRIB. n.f. [cpybbe. Sax. cril>, German.]
I . Tlic ruck or iiiatigcr of u ilablc<

TC'RM

Let a boll be lord- of>beaiNr and his crii Hiall
ftind at the king's melli. Sbaktfptart'i Hiir.ln.

The llc^r anJ lion jt one crih Ihall meet.
Anil harmlefs ferpents lick the pilgrim's (cct, Poff.

2. The Hall or cabin of an ox.

3. A fmall habitation ; a cottage.

"Why rather, fleep, lied thou in (laotkj crlhs.
Upon uneafjr pallets llretching thee,
Than in the perfum'd chambers of the great ?

Stakfj'pfare*

To Grib. v. «. [from the noun.] To fliut
up in a narrow lubit^tion ; to confine ;
to cage.

Now I am cabbin'd, eriti'J, confin'd, bound in
To laucy doubts and I'cars. Shahcjficarc's Mad.

Cri'bbage. n./. A game at cards.
CRi'sBLE.a./. [criirum, Latin.] Acorn-

fieve. Dia.

Cribra'tiov. »./ [<:r/'irfl, Latin.] The

aft of fifting, or feparating by afieve.
Crick, n./,

1. [from criceo, Italian.^ The noife of a
door.

2. [from cpyce, Saxon, a Aake.] A pain-
ful lUiFnefs in the neck.

Cri'cket. n. / [krekel, from ireken, to

make a noife, Dutch.]
I. An infect that fqueaks or chirps about

ovens and fireplaces.

' Didft thou not hear a noife ?

—I heard the owl fcream, and the cr'nktti cry.

ShaUJpfare,

Far from al! refort of mtrth.

Save the critiel on the hearth. Mi'icn.

The folemn death-watch click'd the lioor (he

. died,

And (hrilling crickitt in the chimney cried, dy.

z. [from cpyce, Saxon, a ftick.] A fport,
at .which . the contenders drive a ball
with (licks. in oppofition to each other.

The judge, to dance, his brother ferjeant call ;
The fcnator at trUktt urge the ball. P->[ie.

3. [from ^r/Vfit^o/Germ.- to«reep.] Alow
feat or ftool.

Cri'ckb-ting Apple. H.f. A fmall fpecies
of apple.

Cr)'ei<.». / [from cry.] The officer
(Vhofe bufinefs is to cry or make procla-
mation.

He openeth his moath like a (ritr. Etcl, xx. i 5.
The crUrt command filence, and the whole
mvllftude prefcnt (land In a fufpenfe.

Brnru-wd on Languagts.
The critr calls aloud
Our'old nobility of Trojan Wood,
Wko gape among the crowd for rfieir precarious
*'^' Dry din.

CRIME, n. /. [crimen, Lat. crime, Fr.]
Ah aft contrary to right ; an offence ; a
great fault ; an adof wickednefs.

High God. be witnefs that I giiiltlrfs am j
But if yourfelf. Sir knight, ye guilty find.
Or WTApped be in loves of former dame.
With crime do not it cover, but dlfclofe the fame.

Spenfir.
Undergo with me on* guilt, one crimt, '
Of tailing. M,!ion.

Like in puniihment
, As in tHeir i-nW._ Witian.

No-frimewas thine, if 'tis no crimt to love. Pae.
Cri'miful. ac/J. [from crime and fiJ/.]
Wick«d.; criminal ; faulty in a high
degree ; contrary to July ; contrary to
virtue.

You proceeded not againft tlicfc feats.
So crimtfulmi {0 capital in nature. Sbak. Iljmi't.

Cri'meless. Oi/J. [from crime.] Inno-
cent i without crime.

My foes could not procure me any fcathe,
So long as I am loyal, true, and crhmleft.

Sbakifpeare'sHenrjV\.
Ci.iMtnk\..-adj. [from crime.]

1. Faulty; contrary to right ; contrary
to duty ; contrary to law.

Li«e thou, and to thy mother dead atteft-, t

Thai clear (he died from blemilh crim'wal. Stevferi

What we approve in our friend, we can nardly
be induced to think rrimii>,j/ in ourfirlves. Scgrri.,

2. Guilty; tainted with crime; not in
nocent. , _ |

The negleft of any of the relative duties, rtn-l
ders us criminal in the fight of GoJ. Rogers.'.

3. Not civil': as, a rr;»w'«a/ profecution ;,
the criininiil law.

Cri'minal. n.f. [.frohimwf.]

1. A man accufed.

Was ever criminal forbid to plead ?
Curb your ill-manncr'd zeal. Drjdtn'i Spttiijh Fr,

2. A man guilty of a crime.

All three perfons that had held chief place of
authority in their countries ; all three ruined, not
by war, o(- by any other difailer, but by jliftice and
fcnfencc, as dirlinquents snd criminats. Bacm.

Cri'minally. adv. [from criminal.]
Not innocently ; wickedly ; guiltily.

As our thoughts extend to all fubjefts, they

may be criminaiiy employed on alt. Bcgcrs.

Cri'm IN ALNESS, n.f. [from criminal.]

Guiltinefs; want of innocence.
Cri m I N a'tion. n.f. [crimliiatio, Latin.]
The aft of accufing ; accufatlon ; ar-
raignment ; charge.
Cri'mi N ATORY. cidj. [from crimina, La-
tin.] Relating to accufation; accufing;
cenlorious,
C R i'm I N o u s . adj. [crimimfus, Latin.]
Wicked ; iniquitous ; enormontly guilty.
The p\ini(Ilmeiit that belongs to that grest And
crimlnoks guilt, is the forfeiture of his right and
chim to all mercies, which are made over to him
by Chrift. Hammed.

Cri'minousl^'. adt-. [from criminous.]
Enormoudy; very wickedly.

Some particular duties of piety and charity,
which were mo2 crimimnjly omitted before.

Hammond.
C R I ' M I K o u s .v E s s . ». / [ from criminous. ]
Wickednefs ; guilt ; crime.

I could never be convinced of any fuch trhni-
n'Mjnrfs in him, as willingly to expnfe his liSs to the
Itroke of juHice, and malice of his enemies.

K:rg Claries.
Cri'mosin. adj. [crimofino, Italian; com-
monly written as it is pronounced, crim-
/on.] A fpecies of red colour.

Upon h'-v hrad a crimcjin coronet,
With d;ima(k rofes and daffadilies fet,

Buy leaves between.

And prinirofcs gr-.!en,
Embclliih the white violet. Sfcnfer's Pcji<.rals.
Cr'Imp. adj. [from crumble, or crimbte.]

1 . Friable ; brittle ; eafily crumbled ; ea-
fily reduced to powder.

Now the fowler, warn'd
By thefe good omens, with fwift early fteps,
Treads thcciimjt earth, ranging through- Bcldritnd
glades. Pli!i[,s.

2. Not connitertt; not forcible: a low
cant word.

The trvidcnce is cnmf j the wJtnelTcs fwcar
backwards and forwards, and cnntradiA thc'm-
felves; and his tenants ftick by him.

.elrhuttmt'! Jihn Ball,
To Cri'mple. v. a. [from rumple, crum-
ple, crimpk.] Tocontraft; to corrugate;
to caufe to flirink or contraft.

C R I

He paired the cautery through them, and ae-
cordinglv erimptfd them up. JVtftman^s Surgery,
CRI'MS'ON. n.f. [crimc/tno, Italian.]

1. Red, fomewhat darkened with blue.

As crim/cn (ctmi to be little elfe than a very deep
red, with an eye of blue ; fo fome kinds of red
fcem to be little elfe than heightened yellow.

By/e on CJours.
Why does the foil endue
The blulhing poppy wth a crimfin hue ? Pr'iort

2. Red in general.

Can you blame her then, being a maid /et
rofed over with the virgin crimfin of modelty, if
(he deny <he appearance of a naked Hind boy^ in
her naked feeing Ic'f ? Shakrffetrt' t Henry V.

Beauty's enfign yet
Ismir/onin thy lips, and in thy cheeks. Sbakejf,
The cripifon Ofeam diliaio'd his arms itouni,.
And the difdainful foul canie rudiiiig through the
wound. . , Drydens Mneid.

To Cri'msoj*. '1/. 'a. [frbm the noun,]
To dye with crimfon.
Pardon me, Julius, tiixt wall thou bay'd,
brave hart !
Here didft thou fall ; and here thy hunters (land
Sign'd in thy fpoil, and crimfin d\a thy. letbe. .

Shakifpiart.

Cri'ncum. n.f. [a cant word.] A cramp;
a contraftion ; whirafy.

For jcalouCy is but a kind
Of clap and crincum of the mind. Hudibrat,

Cringe. ». /. [from the verb.] Bow;
fervile civility.

Let me be grateful ; but let far from me
Be fawning crirge, and falfc diflembling lookst

PUnft.
To CRINGE, v. a. [from kriechen, Ger-
man.] To draw together; tocontraft.

Whip him, fellows.
Till, like a boy, you fee him cringe his face,
. And whine aloud for mercy. Sbak. Ant. and Cleof.
To Cringe, -v. n. [kriichen, German.]
To bow ; to pay court with bows ; to
fawn ; to flatter.

Flatterers have the flexor mufcles fo ftrong, that
they are always bowliig and cringing. Arbutbmt,

'i'iie cringing knave, who feeks a place
Without fucctfs, thus tells his cafe. Sioifi.

Crini'gerous. ad), [criniger, Latin.]
Hairy ; overgrown with hair. Di^.

To CRl'NKLE. 'V. n. [krinckelen, Dutch.]
To go in and out ; to run in flexures :
diminutive of cra^/ff?.

Unlefs fomc fweetnefs at the bottom lie.
Who cares for all the crinkling of the pie >

^ . . Kings Cxkerf,

7» Cri NKLE. I". «. To mould into in-
equalities.

Cri'nkle. /;. /. [from the verb.] A
wrinkle ; a finuofity.

CRl'NOSE. adj. [from crinis, Latin.]
Hairy. Dia.

C R I n o's I T Y . «. /. [from crinc/e.] Hairi-
r.efs. Dia.

CRI'PPLE. «. /. [ cnypcl. Sax. krepel.
Dutch.] A larte rain ; one that has lofl
or never enjoyed the ufe of his limbs.
Donne, svith great .tppearance of pro-
priety. Writes it creeple, from creep.

He, poor man, by your firft order died.
And that a winged Mercury did bear ;
Some tardy cripple had the countermand, _ ,
That came too Lag to fee bin) buried. Sbakefpeare,
I am 4 cripple]^ myllmbs; but what decays arc
in my nilnd, the rcaJrt- miiil determine. hryj.
Among the teft there was a lame cripple from
his birth, whom Haul commanded to ftand ujA-ight
on his feet. Bentley.

Sec the blind begjiar dance, the eriffle fing.
The fot a hero, lunatick a king. Pope.

Tt

C R I -

To Cri'ppi-E. -v. «. [from the noun.] To

lame ; to make lame ; to deprive of the

life of limbs.

Knots upon his gi- -ty joints appear.

And chalk is in his crifftid fingers found. Dryd.
Tettyx, the dancing-mafter, threw himfelf

from the rock, but was crippled in the fall. Add'ij.
Cri'ppleness. n. f. [from cripple. '\

Lamenefs ; privation of the limbs. Dici.
Cri'sis. n. /. [x^icrij.]

1. The point in which the difeafe kills,
or changes to the better ; the decifive
moment when fentence is paffed.

Wife leeches will not vain receipts obtrude j
Deaf to complaints, tliey wait upon the ill,
Till fomc fafc cnjii authorize their (kill. Diydcn.

2. The point of time at which any affair
comes to the height.

This hour 's the vciy crifii of your^fate ;
Your good or ill, your intamy or tame.
And all the colour of your life, depends
On this irr.portant now. Drydtnt Spjvijh F'lar,

The undertaking, which I am now laying do > n,
was entered upon in thi- very ir',Jis of the Ijte re-
bellion, when it w:is ri.z duty of e^cry Briton lo
contribute his utm^ft aQifrance to the govern-
ment, in a manner fuitablc to his ftacion and
abilitirs, . ^dd:f^ns Frtekotdtr^

CRISP, atij. [crij}u!, Latin.]

1. Curled.

Bulls are more crijp on the forehead than cows.

The Ethiopian black, flat nofed, and crif/.
haired. Halt.

2. Indented ; winding.

You nymphs, call'd Naiads, of the winding
brooks,
With your fcdf'd crowns, and ever harmlef; look?,
Leave your cr'tfji channels, and on this green land
Anfwer your fummons ; Juno does command.

Shakifftari.

3. Brittle ; friable.

In frofty weather, mufick within doors f.>tmdeth
better j which may be by reafon, not of the difpo-
£tion of the air, but of the wood or ftrlng of the
inftrument, which is made more crifp, and fo more
porous and hollow. Bacan^t Natural H.Jl'^ry*

To Crisp, -v. a. [iri/po, Latin.]

1 . To curl ; to contract into knots or curls.

Severn, affrighted with their bloody looks.
Ran fearfully among the trembling reeds,
Asd bid his crijf'd bead in the hollow bank.

Shaieffeait'i Hcmy IV.
Young I'd have him too ;
Yet a man, with irijfcd hair.
Call in thoufand fnares and rings.
For love's fingers, and his rings. Ben ^wfcn.
Spirit of wine is not only un6t for inAaroma-
tions in general, but alfo trifpt up the veflels of
the dura mater and brain, and fomctimes produces
1 gangrene. Sharp^s Surgery,

2. To twill.

Along the crtfped (hades and bow'n
Revels the fprucc and jocund fpriRg. Ati/fan*

3. To indent ; to run in and out.

From that faphine fount the criffed bTon\af
Rolling on orient pearl and fande of gold.
Ran neflar, vifiting each plant. Mjlton,

Crispa'tion. n f. [from rr/^.]

1. The aft of curling.

2. The Hate of being curled.

Some differ in tlie hair and feathers, both in
the quantity, crifparkn, and colours of them j as
he lions are hirfute, and have great manrs ; the
Ihf's are fmooth, like eats'. Baton.

Cri'spino-pin. 71./. [from cri/p.] A
curling iron.

The change ible fuits of apparel, and the man-
ties, and the wimples, and the iriff'mg-pini.

Ijiiuh. iii. 22.

Vor.. I.

C R I

Crispisu'lcant. a(/j, [cri/pifulcans^'Lvi-
tin.] Waved, or undulating, as light-
ning is reprefented. Di£l.

CRrspNESs.ff.yi [fromrr///.] Curlednefs.

Cri'spy. adj, [from cri/p,] Curled.

So are thofe crjpy I'naky i.jcki, oft known
To be the dowry o? a fccond head.

i^hakejpeare'i Merchant of yer.kc.

Crite'rion. n,f. [k^it^J^ioi'.] a mark by
which any thing is judged of, with re-
gard to its goodnefs or badnefs.

Mutual agreement and endearments was the
badge of primitive believers ; but wc may be
known by the contrary r/'i/cr-on. Glanf'iilc^s Si.e/;fis.

We have here a lure infallible critenenf by which
every man may difcover and find out thegrtciouv
or ungracious difpolicion of his own hcirt. Houth.

By what oiterion do you cjt, d')e tliink|
If this is prir'd for fwtcUjefs, that for flink ?

J'j/f's Uvrace.
CRI'TICK. «./ [....r^,;.]

1. A man (killed in the art of judging of
literature ; a man able to diilinguifh
the faults and beauties of writing.

This fettles truer ideas in men's minds of fcveial
things, whereof we read the names in ancient
authors, tlun all die large and laborious argunlent^
of ciit'id), LoLkt.

Now learn what morals rrU'icki ought to (how,
For 'tis but half a judge's taflt to know. Bope.

2. An examiner; a judge.

But you with plcafuie own yourerrouss pa!I,
And m:ikeeach day a cntt^k on the i.i:l. i't^pe.

3. A fnarler ; a carper ; a caviller.

Ciilicks I faw, that others n:tmes deface.
And fix their own with labour in their place. Pc'/'f.

Whete an author has many beauties confiltent
with %ittue, piety, and truth, let not little :rin,ki
exalt thcmlelvcs, and ihower down their ill-
nature. U^atii.

4. A cenfurer ; a roan apt to find fault.

My ;hief defign, next to leeing you, is to be 3

fevere iri/;rii on you and your ni-tghb'iur. Sivift.

Cri'tick. adj. Critical; relating to

criticifra ; relating to the art of judging

of literary performances.

thence arts o'er all the nortliern world advance,
Butrri;ii-;Heamingflouri(h'd mod in France. Pope.

Cri'tick. n./.

1. A critical examination; critical re-
marks ; animadverfions.

I (hfuldbe glad if 1 could perfuade him to con-
tinue his go->d office?, and write fuch another
cririiA on any thing of mine. Dryden.

I fhould as foon expeft to fee a critique on tht
poefy of a ring, as on the infcription of a medal.

AJdiJ'on en Medals,

2. Science of criticifm.

If ideas and words were diftinOIy weighed, and
duly confidered, they would afford iis another foi*
of logick and cr'ukk than what we have been
hitherto acquainted with. Locke,

What is every year of a wife man's life, but a
cenfure and critique on the paft ? Pope.

Not th It my quill to criticki was confin'd ;
My verfe gave ampler leffou'. to mankind. Pope.

To Cri'tick. 1/. «. [from crieici.] To
pl.iy the critick ; to criticize.

They do but trace over the paths that have been
beaten by the ancients ; or comment, critick, and
flourifh upon them. Temple,

Cri'tical. adj, [irom critick.'\
I. F.xaiSk; nicely judicious ; accurate ; di-
ligent.

It is fiibtr.itted to the judgment of more eritic.it
errs, to Jire£i and drtctmine what is gtacetil ^nd
what is not. iLlJer,

Vlt^il was fo eriiu-alin the ritea of religion, that
he would ne\er have bruughi in fuch prayers as
thrif, if they had (wtbeen ajteeillc to the Roman
cuilom . Si«7m^/«f.

C R O

z. Relating to criticifm : as, be 'wrote a
critical differtation on the laft play,

3. Captious; inclined to find fault.

What wouldll thou write of me, if thou ihouldft
praife mc ?—
— O, gi-ntlc laJy, do not put mc to 't j
For I am nothing, if not critical, .'ihakefp. Otlelh.

4. [from o-yii.'^ Comprifing the time at
which a great event is determined.

The moon li fuppofed to be me.ifured by fcvcns,
and the critical or decretory days to be dependent,
on tliat nuinber. Brown's Vvlgar Erroutsi

5. Decifive ; nice.

Opportunity is in refpeft to time, in fome fcnfe,%
a5 time is in refpecl to eternity :' it is the fmall
moment, the exaifl point, the critical minute, osi
which eveiy good woik fo much depends.

Spralt's Srmiwi.

The people cannot but refent to fee their ap-
prehenfinns of the power of France, in fo criticaf »
juntture, "vholl; laid afide. Strift.

6. Producing a crilis or change of the dif-
eafe: as, d critical fwczl,

Crx'tically. ad-ji. [from critical.]
I. In a critical mamwr ; exatlly ; curi-
oully. . ,

DiEcult it io tn underftand the purity of Englifli,
and critically to dif..erii good writers fiom btd,
and a proper ftllc fnm a corrupt one. Oryden',

TheTc (hells which are digged up out oi
e.irth, feveial hundiedi of which I now keep by
me, have been nicely and critically e-trmired by-
very many learned men. IV^-^ard,

z. At the exaft point of time.

C R i't ic a l n ess. ti./. [from critical.] Ex-

adnefs ; accuracy ; nicety ; incidence

at a particular point of time.
7'o Cri'tictse. -v. rt. Ifrom rritici.]

1. To pKiy the critick ; to judge; to write
remarks upon any performance of lite-
rature ; to point out faults and beauties.

They \Nho «jn :ritutjc fi weakly, as to imagine
I have done my worlt, ma) be convinced, at rhiir
own cort, th;>t I can write feverely with more c ife
than I can gently. Dryditi,

Know well each ancient's proper charaftcr ;
Without all this at once before your eyes.
Civil you may, but never crjf/ri/^. P:p!, .

2. To animadvert upon as faulty.

Nor would 1 have his fa'^her look fo narrowly
into tlu'fe accounts, as to take occaiion 'tVom
thence to critic>Je on his expences. Locke,

•r» Cr i'ticise. v. a, [from criticL] To
cenfure ; to pafs judgment upon.

Nor (hall 1 look upon it as any b^ejch of cha-
rity, to criiici/e the author, fo long as I keep cloir
of the pcrfon. Addijtin,

Cri'ticism. n. /. [(rom critick]

1. Criticifm, as it was firft inftituted by
ArillotJe, was meant a ftandard ofjudg.
ing well. Drjden's Innocence, Preface,

2, Remark ; animadverfion ; critical ob-
fervations.

There is not a Greek or Latin critick, who has
not (hewn, even in the ftile of his criticifms, that
he was a mafler of all the eloquence and delicacy of
his native tongue. JlddiJ-jn,

To CROAK, f . n, [cjiace/.zan, Saxon ;

crocare, Italian ; crocitare, Latin.]
I . To make a hoarfe low noife, like a frog.

T: c fubtle fw illow ^\c.'^ ibout the bn^ok.
And qiierulous frogs in muddy pools do croak.

May's n-gil.
So wh;n Jove's block defcended from on high,
I.oud thunder to if; bottom ihook the bog.
And the hoarfe nation croot'rf. Pope.

Blood, ftoff'J iii(kins, isBtiti(h chriftiansfoodj
And France rob> marlhcs of the croaking brood.

Cay.

3 L 3. To

C R O

• . To caw, or cry as a raven or crow.

I'lie raveu bimfclf is hoarle.
That crwii the fjul cnti-ance of Duncan
Vnder ni> battltmenU. Sbahjptare.

The boarfe raven, on the blafted bough,

By trudiitig from the left, prefag'd the coming

blow, Drydtn.

At the fame time the walk of elms, with the

iioakirg of the ravens, looks exceeding foletnn and

\enerablc. j1Jd:firi.

3. It may be ufed in contempt for any
difagreeable or ofFenfive murmur.

Their uniierllandings arc but little inftruftcd,
when all their whole time and pains is laid out to
ftill the cnalhg of their own bellies. Loike.

Croak. «. /. [from the verb.] The cry
or voice of a frog or raven.

The fwallow Jkims the river's watry face ;
The frogs renew the croaki of their loquacious
race. Drydtn.

Was that a raven's cnak, or my fon't voice i
Ko matter which, I'll to the grave and hide roe.

Lee.

Cao'cEOUs. adj. [crtceus, Latin.] Con-
fifting of faiFron ; liice faffron. Di^.

Crocita'tion. n.f. [crccitatio, Latin.]
The croaking of frogs or ravens. /)/<!?.

CROCK. »./. [truici, Dutch.] A cup ;
any veffel made of earth.

Cro'ckery. n. /. Earthenware.

CRO'CODILE. «./ [fromx5o«®-,fafFron,
and iiiXwt, fearing.] An amphibious vo-
racious animal, in fhape refembling a
lizard, and found in Egypt and the In-
dies. It is covered with very hard fcales,
which cannot, without great difficulty,
be pierced ; except under the belly,
where the fkin is tender. It has a wide
throat, with feveral rows of teeth, fharp
and feparated, which enter one another.
It runs with great fwiftnefs ; but does
not eafily turn itfelf. It is long lived,
and is faid to grow continually. to its
death. Some are fifteen or eighteen
cubits long. Crocodiles lay their eggs,
refembling goofe-eggs, fometimes a-
inounting to fixty, near the water-fide,
covering them with the fand, that the
heat of the fun may hatch them. Calmct.

Glofter's (how
Beguiles him ; as the mournful crocodiU
Withforrow fnares relenting paffengers.

Shakeff care's Henry VI.

CneMes were thought to be peculiar unto the

Kile. Bnvin'i Vulgar Errcun.

Cxfar will weep, the crocodile will weep*- Dryd.

Enticing erocodiUi, whofe tears are death ;

Salens, that murder with enchanting breath.

Grant'tllt*

Creeodile is alfo a little animal, otherwife calkd

ftlni, very much like the lizard, or fmall croccdi/e,

Jt lives by land and water ; has four Jhort finall

legs, a very (harp muezle, and a (hort fmall tail.

It is pretty enough to look at, being covered all

over with little fcales of the colour of filvcr, inter-

mixt with brown, and of a gold colour upon t'.ie

back. It always remains little. Trevoux.

Cro'codii.ine. adj, [crocediliauj, Lat.]

Like a crocodile. Di3.

Cro'cus. n./. A flower.

Fair-hanJed Spring unbofoms every grace.
Throws out the fnow-drop andthccrKui firft.

Tiffin.

Cropt. ». / [cnop. Saxon.] A little
clofe joining to a houfe, that is ufed for
corn or pafture.

Thij^ave I learn'd.
Tending my (locks hjiJ by, i' ih' billy trc/is
ThatkrowUiii bottom glade. MiUen.

C R O

Cjioi!.a'de. ■) «./ [creifade, French, from
Croisa'po. J croix, a crofs.] A holy
war ; a war carried on againil infidels
under the banner of the croft.

Sfe that he take the name of Urban, becaufc
a rope of that name did (irft infiitute the croijado ;
and, as with an holy trumpet, did ftirup the voy-
age for the Holy Land. BtecH,

Cao'isE.s. n.f.

1. Pilgrims who carry a crofs.

2. Soldiers who fight againil infidels under
the banner of the crofs.

Crone, n.f. [cpone. Sax. according to
Vcrfiegan ; krtrAe, Dutch, according to
Skinner. '\

1. An old ewe.

Fie(h herrings plenty Michel brings,
With farted crona, and fuch old things. luffcr.

2. In contempt, an old woman.

Take up the ballard,
Take 't up, I fay ; give 't to thy crone.

Sbaktjfecre'i Watir't Tale.

The front being in bed with him on the wedding

night, and (inding his avcrlion, endeavours to win

his affeflion by teafon. Dryden,

Cro'net. ti. /. The hair which grows
over the top of an horfe's hoof.

Cro'n Y. n./. [a cant word.] An old ac-
quaintance ; a companion of long Hand-
ing.

So when the Scots, yourconftantfr!»irt,
Th' efpoufers of your caufe and monies. Hudibrat,
To oblige your crony Swift,
Bring our dame a new year's gift. Sivifl.

Strange, an a(trologer Oiould die
Without one wonder in the Iky !
Not one of all his crctiy ftars
To pay their duty at his herfe I S-wif'.

CROOK. «./. [crcc, French.]

1 . Any crooked or bent inftrnment.

2. A fheephook.

I fing the man who Judah's fceptre bore
In that right hand which held the crook before.

tcicley.

He left his erook, be left his flocks,
Andwand'ring through the lonely rocks,
He nouri(h'd cndlefs woe. Prior.

3. Any thing bent ; a meander.

There fall thofefaphire-colour'd brooks.
Which, conduit-like, with cutious croiks.
Sweet iflands make in that fweet land. S/</«5».

To Crook, v. a. [crocher, French.]
I, To bend ; to turn into a hook.

It is highly probable, that this difeafe proceeds
from a redundant acidity, becaufe vinegar will
foften and crcok tender bones. y1rtutbm,t on Diet.

■e. To pervert from reftitude ; to divert
from the original end.

Whatfocver affairs pafs fuch a man's hands, he
erookctb them to bis own ends ; which muft needs
be often ecccntrick to the ends of his maflcr or
(late. B""-"-

To Crook, -v. n. To be bent ; to have a

curvature.

Their (hoes and pattens are fnouted and piked

more than a (inger long, crooking upwards. Camiltn.

Cro'okback. ti. f. [crook &TiA hack.'\ A

term of reproach for a man that has

gibbous (houlders.

Aye, crookhack, here I (land to anfwer thee,
Or any he the proudeft of ihy fort. Hbjk. Hen. VI.

Cro'okbacked. adj. Having bent IhouU

ders.

A dwarf as well may for a giant pafs,
As ncgroe for a fwan ; a crookleck'd lafs
Be call'd Europj. Dryden > Juvenal.

There are millions of truths that a man is not,
or raaj' not think Iiiaifclf, contcreed toknuw j as.

C R O

wbetlier our king Richard III. wu cmkbaektd or
no. Locke

Croo'ked. adj. [crocher, French.]

1. Bent; not llraight ; curved.

A bell or a cannon may be heaid beyond a bill
which intercepts the fight of the founding body;
and founds arc propagated as readily through craied
pipes, as throujjb ftraight ones. Nrwi. Ofiicks.

.Mathematicians fay of a ftraight line, that it i«
as well an index of its own rcAiiude <s of tJie ob>
liquity of a crooked ont. H^ood-ward' i Natural Hiji,

2. Winding ; oblique ; anfraduous.

A man (hall never want cracked paths to walk
in, if he thinks that he is in the right way, wher-
ever he has the footfttps of others tofoUuw. Locke.

Among the crooked \3nts, on every hedge.
The glow-worm lights his gem. TbmiJ. Summer.

3. Perverfe ; untoward ; without reflitude
of mind ; given to obliquity of condoft.

They have corrupted themfclvcs : they are a
perveric and rrooJc^ generation. Deut. axxii. 5*

Hence, heap of wrath ; foul, indigeited lump !
As crocked in thy manners as thy (hape.

Sbakefjieare'l Henry VI.

We were not born er'^oked ; we learned thofe
windings and turnings of the fcrpent. South*

Croo'kedly. ad'v. [from f roe W,]

1. Not in a ftraight line.

2. Untowardly ; not compliantly.

If we walk perverfely with God, he will walk
croookedty towards us. Taylor's Rule of Living Holy,
Croo'kedness. n.f. [from crooked.]

1 . Deviation from ftraightnefs j curvity ;
the ftate of being inflected ; inflexion.

He that knowcth what is (traight, doth even
thereby difcern what is crooked i becaufe the ab.
fence of ftraightnefs, in bodies capable thereof, ia
crackednejs. Hooker.

2. Deformity of a gibbous body.
When the heathens o(tered a facri(ice to their

falfe gods, they would make a fevere fearch to (ce
if there were any crookcdeefs or fpot, any unclean-
nefs or deformity, in their facrilice.

layhr's Wortby Conmusicant.
CROP. n.f. [cpop, Saxon.] The craw of
a bird ; the firft ftomach into which its
meat defcends.

• In birds there ii no maftication or comminution
of the meat in the mouth ; but, in fuch as are not
carnivorous, it is immediately fwallowed into the
crop or craw. tiay.

But fluttering there, they nellle near the throne.
And lodge in habitations not their own.
By their high crofs and corny g laards known. Dr.
Cro'pfvtll. adj. \crop iinA full.] Sa-
tiated ; with a full belly.

He, ftretch'd out all the chimney's length.
Balks at the (ire his hairy ftrength ;
And, ercb-full, out of door be flings
Ere the firfl cock bis matin rings. Milton.

Cro'psick. adj. [crop iXiAfck.] Sick with
repletion ; fick with excefs and de-
bauchery.

Strange odds I where crcf-Jkk drunkards muit
engage
A bungiy foe, and arm'd with fober rage.

Tate's Juvenal.

CtiOV..n.f. [cpoppa, Saxon.] .

1 . The higheft part or end of any thing ;
as the head of a tree, the ear of corn.

2. The harveft ; the corn gathered oS a
field ; the produft of the field.

And this of all my harveft hope 1 have.
Nought reaped but a weedy crof of care.

Sfenftr's Pa/lorals.
LabMngthefoil, and reaping plenteous cr^,'
Corn, wine, and oil. Milton's Paradife Lsji.

The fountain which from Helicon proceeds,
Thatfacred (tream, (hould never water weeds,
Nor inaicc the crop of thorns aad tbilUcs grow.

Rojcommon.

Nothing

C R O

Nothing is more prejudicial to your «■«/> than
mowing of it too foon. Mortimer's Hujhtndry.

3. Any thing cut oiF.

Guilclcfs ot fteel, and from the razor free.
It falls a plenteous fnl^fcfsrv'd for thee.

Drydcn's FaL'ts.
To Crop. v. a. [from the noun.]

1. To cut off the ends of any thing ; to
mow ; to reap ; to iop.

Cropp'd are the flower-de-luces in your arms;
Of England's coat, one half is cut awjy.

SbjUeffejre's Henry VI.
He, upon whofe fids
The fewcft rofes are crcpfd t'rom the tree.
Shall yield the other ia tnt right opinion.

ShAcffcare' s Hmry VL
All the budding honours on thy crelt
I'll crop, to make a garland for my head.

Stakeffearc'i Henry IV".
I will crop off from the top ot'his young twigs a
tender one, and will plant it upon an high moun-
tain. Exekiel, xvii. 22.
There are fome tears of trees, which are combed
from the beards of goato ; for when the goats bite
and crop them, efpecially in the mornings^ the dew
being on, the tear comcth forth, and hangeth upon
their beards. Bacon's Natural Hijiory.
No more, my goats, (hall 1 behold you climb
, The fteepy cliffj, or crop the fiow'ry thyme !

Dryden's VirgU.

2, To gather before it falls.

O fruit divine !
Sweet of thyfelf, but much more fweet thus cnpp'd.

Mii'lon.
Age, like ripe appks, on earth's boforo drops ;
While force our youth, like fruits, untimely cropi,

Venhanu
Death deftroys
Tl)e parent's hopes, and crops the growing bays.

Creech.

To CtL.of, V. ti. To yield harveft.

Royal wench !
She made great Cxfar Uy his fword to-bed;
He plough'd her, and (he cropt. Sbak, Ant.S^CUeft
Cro'pper. n.f. [from fjo/.] A kind of
pigeon with a large crop.

There be lame and wild pigeons; and »f tjmc

there be cropperi, c.irriers, runts, lyalton's Angler,

Cro'sier. It. f. \cro'ifcr, Fr. from crcix,.a

crofs.] The paftoral ftaft' of a biihop,

which has a crols upon it.

Wlicn prelates arc great, there is alfo danger
from them ; as in the times of Anfelmus and
Thom.is Beclcet, who, with their crtfiers, did al-
moin try it with the Icing's fword. Bacon,

Grievances there were, I mud confcfs, and fome
incongruities in my civil gr>vernraeriti wherein fome
fay the rr^rr, fome fay the dillaff, was too bufy.
Horwel'i England's Tears,

Her front ereS with majefty (he bore,
The crofer wielded, and the mitre wore. Dryden,

Cro'slet. n.f. [creijiiet, French.]

1 . A fmall croTs.

Then Una 'gan to afli, if aught he knew.
Or heard abroad, of that her'champion true,
That in his armour bare a crojkt red, Spenjer,

Here an unfiniih'd diamond crojlei l.iy,
To which fou lovers adoration pay. Cay's Fan,

2, It feems to be printed in the following
palTage, by miftake, for corj'eht.

The crojlet fome, and fome the cui/hes mould.
With filver plated, and with dudile gold.

Dryden's AEncid.

CROSS, n,/. [croix, Fr. crece, Ital. crux,
Latin.]

1. One ftraight body laid at right angles
over another ; the inftrument by which
the Saviour of the world fuffered death.

They make a iittle crofs ot a quill, longways ot
that part of the quill which ha:h the pith, and
croiiiwayt of that piece cf the quill without pith.
Bactn's Natural Hiliory,

C R O

You are firft to confider ferijufly the infinite
love of. your Saviour, who oiFered himfelf for you
as a facrifice upon the crofs.

V Taylor's Guide to the Penitent.

2. The enfign of the Chriftian religion.

Her holy faith and Chriliian crofi opfos'd
Againft the Saxon gods. Ro^ue.

3. A monument with a crofs upon it to
excite devotion, fuch as were anciently
fet in market-places.

She doth ftray about
By holy crofjes, where Ihe kneels and prays. Shak.

4. A line drawn through another.

5. Any thing that thwarts or obftrufts ;
misfortune ; hindrance ; vcvation ; op-
pofition ; miladventure ; trial of pa-
tience.

Wilhing unto me many croff'es and mifchances in
my love, whcnfoever I Ihoold love. Sidney.

Then let us teach our trial patience,
Becaufe it is a cultomary crois, Shakcfpeaie.

Heaven prepares goi'd men with erodes ; but no
ill can happen to a good man. Ben yonjm's Dtfco^.

A great eilate hath great crojj'a, and a mean
fortune hath but fmall ones.

Tiiyhr's Rale rfLiviig Ifoly.

6. Money, fo called becaufe marked with
a crofs.

He was faid to make foldiers fpring up out of
the very earth to follow him, though he had not a
crofs to pay them falary. Hnuel's Vocal Forif}.

Whereas we cannot much lament our lofs.
Who neither carried back nor brought one crofs.

Dryden.

7. Cra/s and Pile, a play with money ;
at which it is put to chance whether
the fide, which bears a crofs, Ihall lie
upward, or the other.

Whacum had neither crofs nor pile;
His plunder was not worth the whilir. llud^bras.

1 his I humbly conceive to be perfeA biys play ;
crifs, I win, ind pile, yau lofe; or, what's yojr's
is mine, and what's mine is my own. Hwfi.

8. Church lands in Ireland.

The abfolute palatines made their own judges,
fo as the king's writ did nut run in thufe co intics,
but only in the church lands lying within the
fame, which were called the crofs ; wlicrein the
king made a Iherilf; fo in each of ihel'e counties
palatines there was one Iherifi' of tiic liberty, and
another of the crofs. Sir y. Davies.

Cross. etc/J. [from the fubftantive.]

1. Tranfverte ; falling athwart fomething
elfe.

Whatfoever penumbra Ihould be made in the
circles by tlie crfs lefradkion of tJie fecond ptifm,
that penumbra would be confpicuous in the light
lines which touch thofe circles. Newton.

The lun, in that fpatc of time, by his annual
contrary motion cailward, will be advanced near
a dcgrte ot the ecliptick, craft to the motion of
the equator. Holder en Time.

The ihips muS neeJs encounter, wlwn they
either advance towards one anotlier in dlrta
lines, or meet in the iuterfc^tlon of crofs ones.

2. Oblique; lateral.

Was this a (acfj
To (land againd the deep dread-bolted thunder.

In the m-'ft terrible and nimble llroke , ^ .
Of quick crofs lightning? Hhakefpearc's Kinglear.

3. Adverfe ; oppofue : often with to.-

We 're both love's captives; but 'Viih fate fo
crofs, ,. ; . ■

One mull be happy by the other's lofs. Dryden.

Crofi to our intcrefls, curbing fcnfc and fin ;
Opprt-I's'd without, and undermin'd within,
It thrives through pain. Drydiv.

It riins crofs to the belief and apprehenfion ot
the reft of mankind ; a difficulty which a moil«4
and good man is fcarceablc to encounter, yltterli.

4. Ferverfe ; un tradable.

C R 0

Wlicn, through the crofs ciravr^ftances of a
man's temper or condition, the enjoyment of a
pleifurc would certainly expife him to a greater
inconvenience, then religion bids him quit it.

South*

J. Peevilh; fretful; ill-humoured.

Did ever any man upon the rack sffliift himfelf,
becaufe he had received a cr/fs anfvver from his
miftrefs? Taylor.

All crofs and diftafteful humours, and whatever
elfe may render the converfation of men grievous
and uneafy to one another, mull be ihunned.

Tillotfon.

6. Contrary; contradiflory.

The mind brings all the ends of a long and
various hypothefis together ; fees how one part
cohere* with, and depends upon, another; and ft*
clears off ail the appearing contrarieties and con-
tradiftions, that feemcd to lie crofs and uncouth,
and to make the whole unintelligible. South*

7. Contrary to wifh ; unfortunate.

Wc learn the great reafonablenefs of not only
a contented, but alfo a thankful, acquiefcence in
any condition, and under the crojjefi and feverelfc
palTages of Providence. South,

I cannot, without fome regret, behold the crofs
and unlucky ilfue ofmydefign; for, by my diftike
ofdifputes, I am engaged in one. Clanvilk*

8. Interchanged.

Evarchus made a crofs marriage alfo with Do-
rilaus's filler, and (hortly left her with child of the
famous Pyrocles. Sidney.

Crofs marriages, between the king's fon and the
archduke's daughter ; and again, between the arch-
duke's fon and the king's daughter.

Bacon's Henry Wl.
Cross, prep,

1 . Athwart ; fo as to interfeft any thing ;
tianfverfely.

The enemy had, in the woods before them, cut
down great trees crofs the ways, fo that their horfc
could not poflibly pafs that way. Knolles.

Betwixt the midft and thcfe, the gods aflign'd
Two habitable feats of human kind ;
And erofs their limits cut a Doping way,
Which the twelve figns in beauteous order fway.

Dryden's Virgil.

Crofs his back, as in triumphant fcorn.
The hope and pillar of the houfe was born.

Dryden's Fables,

2. Over; from fide to fide.

A fox was taking a walk one night rrofj a village.

L'Efirange,

To Cross, •t'. a. [from the noun.]

1. To lay one body, or draw one line,
athwart another.

This forc'd the (iubborn'ft, for the caufe.
To crofrtht cu'-'gels to the laws ;
That what by breaking them 't had gain'd,
By their fupport might be malntain'd. Hudiiras,

The loxia, or crofs-bill, whofe bill is thick and
(Irong, with the tips crofjingow another, with great
rca.iin:fs breaks open (ir-cones, apples, and other
fruit, to come at their kernels ; as if the croffmg
of the bill was defigned for this lirvice,

•''■•■' Derham's fbyfico-Tbeokgy'.

I fhall'mblt carefully obfervc, not to cnfs over
or dcfjc* the copy of your papers for tire I'uturc,
and only to mark in the margin. Pope,

A hunted hare treiids back her mazes, and
crriijis and confounds her former track. Watts.

2. Tofign with the crofs.

Friara
Refort to farmers rich, and blefs their halls,
And cxercifc the beds, and crti/i the walls. Dryien,

3. To cancel : as, to crofs an article.

4. To pals over.

He conquered this, proud Turk as far as the Hc!-

lefponr, which he croffrd, and made a vifit to the
Greek cn7periir at Conltantinoplc. Temple.

Wc found tht; hero, lorwhtie only fake
Wc fought the dark ^b'oJ.-'s, and crofs'd the bitter
lake. Dryden.

3 L 2 5. Ta

C R O

5. To move laterally, obliixucly, rr a-
thwart ; not in oppofition j not in the
fame line.

But he: them fpying, 'gai) to torn jfiJr,
For tear, as feem'J, ur for fume fcineil l.-l's ;
Mora grecJy thry of news, fall towards him do
crofs. Sp/iifir.

6. To thwart ; to interpofe obftruAion ;
to embarrafs ; to obllruft ; 10 hinder ;
to counteraft.

Still do I crofi this wretch, whatfo he t.ikcth in
hand. ifwAw.

The king no longer could endiiT
Thu.- to be cnft'J in what he did intend. Daniel.

He wus fo grejt an enemy to Ui|jl>y and Colepe-
per, who were only prcfeat in debaies of the war
with the officers, that he cr^iJ «ll they propofed.

Clarend'jtt*

Buried in private, and fo fud.ienly I
Ucrojjii my defign, wliieh » i^ t' allow
TTie rites, of funeral futing hi^ dc^iee. Dryitcn,

&«-cil d with our 1 1« fuccellcs on the foe.
Which Kriite aild Hnlland wanted pow'r to craft.
We urge an unfeeii ti<:e. Diydrv.

'i'lic firm patriot there,
Though dill hy faili"n, vice, and fortune fro/7.
Shall find the ^ner*i^ Ijljourwaj not loft.

Adii'fjni Cit^a.

-. Not to concur ; to be inconfulent with.

Tiien their n'.lis clarti with their underllandings,
and their appetites cnfi their duty. LwU.

8. To contravene; to hinder by autho-
rity; to countermand.

Nil gwemour is fufterej to go 00 with any one
courfe, but upon the Icaft infonnation he is either
flopped and crojjid, or other courfcs appointed him
from hence. SpirtJ:r on IrehnJ.

It may make my cafe dangerous, to croj! this in
tlie fmalleft. Shakcjfeare'i Meajurifar Mtajun.

9. To contradidl.

In all this there is not a fyllable which any ways
criffttb us. _ . i^M*';-

It is certain, howfocver it craft the received opi-
nion, that founds may be created without air.

Ba.int Natural Ujjioty.

I Q. To debar; to preclude.

From his loins no hopeful branch fliall fpring.
To croft me from the golden time I look for.

Sbiikeffeerc.

To Cross, 'v. n.

1. To lie athwart another thing.

2, To be inconfiftent.

.' Men's adions do not always croft with reafon.

Sidney.

CrPSs-bar-shot. ». /. A round fhot,
or great bullet, with a bar of iron put
through it. Harrii.

To Cross-examine, v. a. [crc/s a.nd exa-
mine.] To try the faith of evidence by
captious queftions of the contrary party.

If we may but crofs-examim and interrogate tlieir
aftions againll tiieir words, thefc will foon confefs
the invalidity of their folcrancft confefiions.

Dicay of Piay.
The judges (hall, as they think fit, interrogate
or ctift-cxamnt the witnefl'es. SpcUatr-r.

Cro's5-st AFF. «./. [from croft andpif.]
An inftrumentcommonly called the fore-
ftalT, ufed by fearaen to take the meri-
dian altitude of the fun or ft.ars. Harris.
Cro'ss-bite. n. /. [cro/s &nd iite.] A
deception; a cheat.

The fox, tha; trufte 1 to his aJdrefs and ma-
nage, without fo much as dreaming of a croft-bite
from fo filly an animal, fell himfcJf inta the pit
tS.jt he had digged for another. L'Efirange.

To Csto'ss-BiTE. V. a. [from the noun.!]
To contravene by deception. .

, >. No rhetorick muft be fpetit againft croft-iitiig'i
country evidence, and frighting lii.1i out of h's
'l^aftst

C R O

That many knotty points there are,
Which all dilicuf:, but few can dear;
A* niiturc (lily had thought fii,
For fomc hy-cnds, to trft-kiii wit. Prior.

Cro'sS-bOW. n. / [croj's and hs^.'] A
millive weapon, formed by placing a
bow athwart a Aock.

CJentlemen fiifter their bcafti to run wild in their
wouJ> and wallc groimJ, wheic ihi) arc hunted and
killed with cioft-lovit and pieces, in the manner ot
Jeer. ^ Came ofCormuail.

The«>ailer of therro/iiowi, lord Rambures.

Stalejfiare.

Teflimony is like the Ihit of a long bow, which
owes its efficacy to the force of the (hooter ; ar-
gument is like the A«t of llie crift-toiu, equ-illj
forcible whether difchargcd by a giant or a dwarf.

Ji>,y/f.

Cro'ss-eower. «. / [from cro/t-lonv.]
A fliooter with a crofs-bow.

The French aiVilUd thcmfclvcs by land with the
croftl'ov/crs of Genoa againft the Engliih.

Ral.igh'tEfayi.
Cro'sscrained. adj. [cro/s indgrain.]

1. Having the fibres uanfverfe or irregu-
lar.

If the ftuS" proves crofgrainrd in any part of
its length, then you mijft turn your ftuff to plane
it the contrary wsy, fo far as it runs croffgrjined.

Moxon,

2. Perverfe ; troublefome ; vexatious.

We find in fuUcn writs,

And croft grain' J works of modern wits.

The wonder of tlie ignorant. lludiirat.

The fpirit of contradiilion, in a crojs-grainid

woman, is incurable. VEfirangu

She W.1S none of your crcfi-gralnal, termagant,

fc ilding jadei, that ono had as good be barged as

live in the houfe with. Maiknot'i Join Bull.

But wifdom, peevifh and cr-^ft- grain d,
Muft be oppos'd, to be fuftain'd. Prior.

Cro'ssly. (lil'v. [from cro/s.']

1 . Athwart ; fo as to interfeft fomething
elfe.

2. Oppofitely ; adverfely ; in oppofition to.

He that provides fir this life, but takes no care
for eternitv, is wife for a moment, but a fool for
ever ; and ails as untowardly and crofily to the rca

UVi*.

fon of things, as can be imagined. liJUiJin.

3. Unfortunately.
Cro'ssness. ».,/. [from cro/s.]

1. Tranfverfenefs ; interfedion.

2. Perverfenefs ; peevilhnefs.

The lighter fort of malignity turneth but to a
croffntfs or aptnefs to oppofe ; but the deeper fort,
to envy, or mere mifchietV Bacon.

1 deny nothing, fit to be granted, out of crj^nr/i
or humour. Kir.gCharla.

Who wmld have imagined that the ftirt crojjncjt
of a poor captive (hould ever have had the power
to make Haman's feat fo uneafy to him ? VEfir,

They help us to forget the crojntft of men and
things, compole cur cares and our paliions, and
lay our difappointments allecp.

Co//i>r of tie Entertainment ofB^ois.

Cro'ssrow. «./. [ere/} and roiv.] Alpha-
bet ; fo named becaufe a crofs is plac-
ed at the beginning, to Ihew that the
end of learning is piety.

He hearkens after prophecies and dreams.
And from the crojlrw plucks the letter G ;
And fays a wizard told him, that by G
His iflue difinherited (hould be. Hbak. RictarJ III.
CRO'sswiNU.a./ [crc/s And iviae/.] Wind
blowing from the right or left.

The leaft unhappy perlons do, in fo fickle and
fo tcmpcftuous a fea as this world, meet with many
more either cnjjkuitdi or ftormy gulls than prof-
pcrous gales. r'^'-'ti"

Cro'ssway.» /. [frff/jand-.w/7V.] A Imall
obfcure path interfering the chief road.

C R O

Damn'd fpirits all.
That in cr'JTivayi and floods have burial.
Already to their wormy beds are gone. Slahffejre.

Cro'sswort. »./. [from crc/s and<u'o;7.]

It liJth loft leaves, like the ladies bcdftraw, from
wh.c!i it diSers in the number of leaves that are
produced at every joint; which in this are only
four, difpofed in form of a crolV. Miller.

Crotch. «./. [ow, French.] Ahookor
fork.

There is a tradition of a dilemma that More-
ton ufed to taifc the benevolence to higher rates ;
and fome called it his fork, and fome his crotch.

Bacon s Henry VII.
Save cime, a.*, and crab tree for cart and for
plough.
Save (lep for a (tile of the crtlcb and the bough.

rujfcr.
Cro'tchet. »./. [crochet, French.]

1. [In mufick.] One of the notes or cha-
rafkcrs of time, equal to half a minim,
and double a quaver. Chambers,

Asa good harper, ftricken far in years.
Into wh ifc cunning hands the gout duth fall.
All his old crotrbcti in his brain he bear's.
But on his harp plays ill, or rot at all. Daviei.

2. A fupport ; a piece of wood fitted into
another to fupport a building, [from
crock, a fork.]

A ftatcl; temple (hoots within the Ikies,
The croiikcii of their cot in columns rife. DryJ.

3. [In printing.] Hooks in which words
are included [thus.]

4. A perverfe conceit ; an odd fancy.

All the devices and cntchtti of new inventions,
which crept into her, tended either to twitch or
enlarge the ivy. Hnuel,

The horfe fmelt him out, and prefently a crotchet
came in his head how he might countermine him.

L'Eflrar.ge.

To Crouch. T. ». [crochu, crooked, Fr.]
J . To ftoop low ; to lie clofe to the ground ;

as, the lion crouches to his mailer.
2. To fawn; to bend fervilely ; to ftoop

meanly.

Kvery one that is left in thine houfe, (hall come
and criMtb to him for a piece of filvcr and a morfel
of bread. i Sam. ii. 36.

At his heel ;,
Lealht in like hounds, (hould famine, fword, and

fire.
Crouch for employment. Sbaieffeare' 1 Henry V.
They fawn and crouch to men of parts, whom
they cannot ruin ; quote them, when they are pre-
fent ; and, when they arc abfent, fteal their jefts.

Drydin,
Too well the vigour of that arm they know j
They lick the duft, and crouch beneath their fatal
foe. Dry den.

Your (hamrful (lory (hall record of me.
The men all iroucFd, and left a woman free.

Dryien.

CROUP. «./. [croupe, French.]

1. The rump of a fowl.

2. The buttocks of a horfe.
Croupa'ues. »./ [from o-c«/.] Higher

leaps than thofe of corvets, that keep
the fore and hind quarters of' the horfe
in an equal height, fo that he trufles his
legs under his belly without yerking.

Farrier''! Diff.

CROW. «./. [cpape, Saxon; corvus, Lat.]

1 . A large black bird that feeds upon the

carcaffes of bealb.

The cntat and choughs, that wing the midway

a r.

Shew fcarce fo grofs as bettles. Shah. King l,ear.

To triwt he like impartial grace affords, •-
And cho»ghs and daws, and fuch rcpublick birds.
* Dryden,

i.T$

C R O

i. To pluck aQuow, is to be indullrious
or contentious about that which is of no
value.

It you difpute, we *uft even fluck a crvw about
it. L'EJSmnge.

Refolve, before we go,
That you and 1 mMi\ pull a croiv, Hudihras.

3. A piece of iron, with a beak, ufed as a
Jever to force open doors ; as the La/ini
called a hook cor^'us.

The cmiu is \i',<ti a? a lever to lift up the ends
of great heavy timber, and then they thruft the
claws between the ground and the timber j and
laying fjme ftult behind the cr<tv>, they draw the
other end of the fhank baclcwards, and fo ralfe the
tioiber. Moxi/it^s Mi'cbanical Exenifrs.

Get me an iron crvw^ and bring it ftraight
Unto my cell. Staktfpcarc'iRcmaand 'Ju'.Ut.

Againft the gate employ your crvwt of iron.

Southern,

4. [From 7"a frciv.] The voice of a cock,
or the noife which he makes in his
gaiety.

Cro'wfoot. «. f. [from crc^w and foot ;
in Latin, ranunculus.^ A flower,

Cro'wfoot. n, /. [from croTJU and /«o/.]
A caltrop, or piece of iron with four
points, two, three, or four inches long ;
fo that, whatever way it falls, one point
is up. It is ufed in war for incom-
moding the cavalry. Military Di£l.

T'o Crow. -v. n. preterit. I cre-tu, or cro-w-
eJ ; 1 have cri'wed. [cpapan, Saxon.]

1 . To make the noife which a cock makes
in gaiety or defiance.

But even then the morning cock rrnvloud.

Sbahijpeare'i Hamlit.

Diogenes called an ill phyfician, cock. Why ?
faith he. Diogenes anfwered, Becaufe when you
(Tvw, men ufe to rife. Baccts.

That the lion trembles at the crewhg of the
cock, king James, upon trial, found to be fabu-
1""»., _ . _ HakewUl.

Within this homeftead liv'd, without a peer
For cr^tving loud, the noble Chanticleer,
So hight her cock. Dryden's Fabtit.

2. To boaft ; to bully ; to vapour; to
bluller ; to fwagger.

SeJby is cmu'ing, and, though always defeated
by his wife, ftill crrwing on. Cand'ifon.

CROWD. «./. [cpuS, Saxon.]
I. A multitude confufedly prefled toge-
ther.

2. A promifcuous medley, without order
or diftin£tion.

He could then compare the cinfufion of a mul-
titude to that tumult he had obfcrvcd in the lea.
rian fea, djliing and breaking among its crowd of
iflands. p„^,.

3. The vulgar; the populace.

He went not with the cr(mid to fee a (hrine,
But fed us by tlie way with food Jivinc.

Dndtn't Fai/ct,

4. [Fromrrw//^, Welfh.] A ficfdie.

Hark how the minftrelj 'gin to (hrill aloud
Their merry mufick that refoundi from far.
The pipe, the ubor, and the trembling cnud,
That Will igrce withouten breach or jar.

. fifer/tr's Efitb.

His fiddle is your prnprr furcliafe.
Won in the fcrvice of the ctmrches ;
And by your doom mud be jllo v'd
To be, or be no mt.re, a ircw.l, HuJibrat,

To Crowd, a;, a. [from the noun.]
I. To fill with confufed multitudes.

A mind which is ever crrwd ng its memory with
things which it learns, may cramp tht invention
»«<«"• Ifait,.

C R O

Z. To prefs clofe together,

The time miforder'd, doth in common fcr.fe
Cr'.--u'J us and crufli Uj to this monfti^us form,
To hold our fafcty up. Shjkejpearis Henry IV.

It I'ccms probable that the fea doth ilill grow
narrower from.age :o age, and fmks more within
its channel .ind the bowchof the earth, according
as it can make its wjy Into all thole fubterrancous
cjvitics, and cm-a/d the air out of them.

Burnet's Thicry.

As the mind itfelf is thought to take up no

fpice, fo its aOions fcem to require no time ; but

many of them fcem to be cretvded into an inftant.

Locke,
Then let ns fill
This little interval, this paufe of life.
With all the virtues we can crmid into it.

Mdifon't Cato.

3. To incumber by multitudes.

How (hort is life ! Why will vain courtiers toil,
And rrowrf a vainer monarch for a fmile ?

GranviUe,

To Crowd Sail.

C R O

4. '/o Crowd Sail, [a fea phrafe.] To
fpread wide the fails upon the yards.

To Crowd, t;. ».

I . To fwarm ; to be numerous and con -
fufed.

They follow their undaunted king ;
Crswi/ through their gates; and, in the fields of

light.
The (hocking fquadrons meet in mortal fight.

Drydetl's P''lrgU,

z. To thruft among a multitude.

A mighty man, had not fom; cvmning fin
Amidfl fo many virtues cnieded in.

Ccnuley's Dat'idtis.

Cro'wdbr. »./ [from rrowd".] A fiddler.

Chevy. chafe fung by a blind cmivdir, Sidney.
Cro'wkeeper. »./ [eroiu and ieefi.] A
fcarecrow.
That fellow handles bis bow like a cnukeeper.

Skakejpeare.
CROWN. ». f. [couronne, Fr. krotnt, Dut.

corona, Lat.]
I. The ornament of the head which de-
notes imperial and regal dignity.

If thou be a king, where is thy cnion ?— —
—My critiin is in my heart, not on my head :
My crnon is call'd content ;
A crovin it is that feMom kings enjoy.

Sbakcjpeare's Henry VI.
Look down, you gods.
And o» this couple drop ablcfled croivn.

Shakefpeare's Tenpejl.
I would the college of the cardinals
Would chufe him pope, and carry him to Rome,
And fet the triple cnvin upon his head.

SEakefpeare's Henry VI.

Is it not as great a prefumption in us to become

God's fons; and to inherit kingdoms, and to hope

for cmvns, and thrones, and fceptres, as it is to fit

down with him as his guefts ? Kettlciuell.

2. A garland.

Receive a crovin for thy well ordering of the feaft.

Ecdus.

3. Reward ; honorary diftindion.

They do it to obtain a corruptible cr'-tvn, but wc
an incorruptible. iCor.ix.zc.

Let merit cmvm, and juftice laurels give.
But lee me happy by your pity live. Dryd. Epifl.

4. Regal power ; royalty.

The fuccelTion of a croivn in fevcral countries
places it on difTcrent heads. Locke.

5. The top of the head, In a contemptuous
fenfe.

If he awake.
From toctOfr«wn he'll fill our (kins with p'nche?.
Make us ftrange ftuff. Shakefpiarc' 1 Tcmpefl.

Wliile his head was working upon this thou<^Ki,
the toy took him in the crovin to fend for the f ong-
ftcr. VEflrange.

Behold ! if fortune or a miftrefs frowns.
Some plunge in bufinefs, others (have their crctvni.

Pope.

6. The top of any thing, as of a moun-
tain.

Ifpon the cro-rvn o' th' clift", what thing was that
Which parted from you ? Shakefpcare's King Lear.

Huge trunks of trees, fell'd from the fteepy crovin
Of the bare mountains, roll with ruin down.

Drydeni JEneidt

7. Part of the hat that covers the head.

I once opened a remarkable atheroma : it was
about as big as the cnton of a man's hat, and lay
underneath the peroral mufcle. Sharp's Surgery.

8. A piece of money, anciently ttamped
with a crown ; five Ihillings.

Truft not to your fervants, who may mifinform
you, by which they may perhaps gain a few cr;ivns.

Bacor,
But he that can eat beef, and feed on bread
which is fo brown.
May fatisfy his appetite, and owe no man a cn^un.

Sucklings

An ounce of filver, whether in pence, groats,

or croTOB-pieces, (Vivcrs or ducatoons, or in bullion,

is, and etern illy will be, of equal value to any

other ounce of filver. Locke.

9. Honour ; ornament ; decoration ; ex-
cellence ; dignity.

Much experience is the croivn of old men.

Ecdus. XXV. 6.

Therefore, my brethren, dearly beloved, and
longed for, my joy and crovin, (land fad in the
Lord. Philip, iv. I.

10. Completion ; accompliftiment.
Crown-imperial, n. f. [corona impe-

rialis, Lat.] A plant.
'To Crown. <i/. a. [from the noun.]

1. To inveft with the crown or regal or-
nament.

Had you not come upon your cue, my lord,
William lord Hallin^s had pronounc'd your part;
1 mean your voice iuc cr.ivning of the king.

Shakefpcare's Richard III.
Her who faireH d<ies appear,
Crtwnher queen of all the year. Dtydcn,

2. To cover, as with a crown.

Umbrn,the priefts, the proud Marrabians led.
And peaceful olives cronvn'd his hoary he.id.

Dryden's JEmid.

3. To dignify; to adorn ; to make illuftri-
ous.

Thou hart made him a little lower than the
angels, and haft crowned him with glory and ho-
no^f- Pfalm viii. 5.

She fliall be, to the happlncfs of England,
An aged princefs ; many days (hall fee her,
And yet no day without a deed to cnnn it.

ShaUfpiiire.

\. To reward ; to recompenfc.

VVge your fjccefs ; deferve a lall'ng name ;
She'll crovin a giiiitful and a conftant flamr.

R 'J common.

5. To complete ; to perfei't.

The lading and cro'rc'ii?:^ privilege, or rather
property, of friendfiiip, is corllancy. South.

6. To terminate ; to finilh.
All thefe a milk-white honeycomb furrouni.

Which in the midrt the countrv banquet cromn'd.

Dryd.;,.

Cro'wnciass. n.f. The fineft fort of win-
dow-glafs.

Cro'wnpost. n.f. A port, which, ia
forae buildings, Hands upright in the
middle, between two principal rafters.

Cro'wnscab. »./. A ilinking filthy fcab,
that breeds round about the corners of
a horfe's hoof, and is a cancerous and
painful fore. Farrier's DiS.

Crowk.

C Tl U

Crows-thistle. »./ [coreita Imperial! s.]
A flower.

Cro'wkwheel. n. /. The upper wheel
of a watch next the balance, which is
driven by it.

Cro'wnworks. ». / [In fortificaUon.]
Bulwarks advanced towards the field, to
gain feme hill or rifing ground. Harris.

Cro'wnet. n. /. [from crrwH.]

1 . The fame with coronet.

z. In the following paflage it feems to
fignify chief end ; laft purpofe : proba-
bly fTtimJii:is coronat of us.

Oh, this (life foul of Egypt ! thi» gay charm J
Whofc eye beck'd forth my wars, and callM them

home; . • r j

Whofe bofom was my crswr.et, my chief ena ,
like a right gipfy hath, at fad and loofe,
Bezuil'd me to the very he^rc of lofs.

Cro'wtoe. n./. [croiv and toe.^ A plant.

Bring the rathe primrofr that forfaken dies,
The tufted crow-tot, and pale jelTaminr. Milion.

■Cro'ylstone. n.f. Cryftallized cauk.

In this thecryftals are fmall.

Woodiuard's TnJfth.
Cru'cial.<i/^'. \crux, crxa-f, Lat.] Tranf-

verfe ; interfeding one another.

Whoever has feen the pradicc of the crucial

incifion, muft be fenfible of the falfe reafoning ufed

in its favour. Sbarf.

yoCRu'ciATE. "J. a. [frart'ff, Lat.] To

torture; to torment ; to excruciate.
Cru'cible. n.f. [<:r«Wi«/a/», low Latin.]
A chymift's melting pot, made of earth ;
fo called, becaufe they were formerly
marked with a crofs.

Take a quantity of good fiWer, and put it in a
trvciHe or melting crufe, and fet them on the fire,
well covered round about with coals.

Peacbam en Draiuir.g.

Crtjci'ferous. adj. [crux din6.fero, La-
tin.] Bearing the crofs. Di3.

Cru'cifier. n./. [from crucify.'] He that
inflifts the punilhment of crucifixion.

Vifiblc judgments were executed on Ch'iit's cru-
ejfitrt. lUmmond.

Cru'cifix. n.f. [crucifxuj, Latin.] A
reprefentation in pifture or ftatuary of
our Lord's paffion.

There (lands at the upp;r end of it a large
crucifix, very much efteemed. The figure of our
Saviour reprefents him in his laft agonies of death.
yttltHf.nt'iJti'ly-
Crucifi'xion. n. f. [from crucifxus,
Latin.] The punilhment of nailing to
a crofs.

Thi» earthquake, according to the opinion "f
many learned men, happenei at our Saviour'i cru-
cif.xim. Mdijm on Italy.

Cru'ciforu. fl<^'. [crux znd forma, La-
tin.] Having the form of acrofs.
To CRLTCIFy. -v. a. [crucifgo, Latin.]
To put to death by nailing the hands
and feet to a crofs fet upright.

They crucify to themfelves the Son of God
afrelh, and put him tu an open fliame. Hct. vi. 6.

Burto the crofs he nails thy enemii s,
The law that is againft thee, and the fiiu
Of all mankind, with him there crucify i. Mii'tcn.
Cruci'gerous. aJJ. [cruciger, Latin.]

Bearing the crofs.
CRUD. n.f. [commonly written eurJ. See
Curd.] Aconcretionof any liquid into
Jiardnefs or lliffnefs ; coagulation.

2

C R U

CRUDE, adj. [crudui, Latin.]

1 . Raw ; not fubdued by fire.

2. Not changed by any procefs or prepa-
ration.

Common crude fait, barely diffolved m common

aqua fortis, will give it power of working upon gold.

* ■' Boyle.

Fermented liquors have quite different qualities

from the plant itfelf ; for no fruit, taken rrirrf?, has

the intoxicating quaUty of wine. ArhutbmtonAlm.

I. Harlh ; unripe.

A juice fo crude as cannot be ripened to the de-
gree of nouriflimcnt. Baccn't Natural Hiftjry.

4. Unconcofted ; not well digefted in the

ftomach. .

While the b->dy to be converted and altered is
too ftrong for the efficient that (hould convert or
alter it, whereby it holdeth faft the firft form or
confiftcnce, it is cruiU and inconcoft; and the
procefs is to be called crudity and inconcoaion.

Bac'.ti's Natural H:Jlory.

5. Not brought to perfeftion; unfinilhed ;
immature.

In a moment up they tum'd
Wide the celeftial foil ; and faw beneath
Th' originals of nature, in their crude , ^ , .

Conception. Milton's PartdifeLoJI.

6. Having indigelled notions.

Deep vers'd in books, and (hallow in himfelf.
Crude, or intoxicate, collefting toys. Milton.

7. Indigelled ; not fully concofted in the

intelledl.

Others, whom meer ambition fires, and dole
Of provinces abroad, which they have feign'd
To their crude hopes, and I as amply promisM.

Ben Jonjon,
What peradventure may feem full to nic,Mnay
appear very crude and maimed to a ftranger,
"^ Diglrf on the Saul.

Abfutd cxpre(rions, crude abortive thoughts.
All the lewd legions of exploded faults. Rofcunmon.
Cku'dzlv. adv. [homcrude.] Uoripely;
without due preparation. _

Th" advice was true; but fear had fei«'d the
rooft.
And all good counfel is on cowards loft :
The a«eftion erud/ly put, to (hun delay,
•Twas carried by the major part to ftay. Dryd.n.

Cro'deness.»./. [from crudt.] Unripe-

nefs ; indigeftion.
Cru'dity. »./. [from crude.]

1. Indigeftion; inconcoftion.
They arc very temperate, whereby they prevent

indigeftion and crudititt, and conlequently putrcf-

cence of humours. irncn.

A diet of vifcid aliment creates flatulency and

crerfifiw in the ftomach. . Arbuthnot.

2. Uuripenefs; want of maturity.
■TeCRu'DLE. "v.a. [a word of uncertain

etymology.] To coagulate; to congeal.

I felt my cruiled blood
Congeal with fear ; my hair with horrour flood.

Dryden's Mmid.
The Gelons ufe it, when, for drink and food,
They mix their crudled milk with horfcs blood.

Dryden's rirgil.

Cru'dy. adj. [from fra</.]

1. Concreted; coagulated.

His cruel wounds, with irudy blood congeal'd.
They bindcn up Co wifely as they may. Sfenjcr.

2. [from crude] Raw ; chill.
Sherris fack afcends into the brain ; dries me

there all the foolifli, dull, tnicrudy vapours which
environ it. Sbakeffeare.

CRU'EL. adj. [cruel, French; crudelis,
Latin.]

I . Pleafed with hurting others ; inhuman ;
hard-hearted ; void of pity ; wanting
compaffion ; favage ; barbarous ; unre-
lenting.

C R U.

If wolvei had at thy gate howl'd that ttcrn time.
Thou (houldft have faid, Co, porter, turn the key |
All cruel't eifc fubfcrib'd. Sbakt/feare'iKing Lear,

If thou art that cruel god, wh fc eyes
Delight in blood, and human facrilice.

Dryden's Indian Emfejvr,

2. [Of things.] Bloody ; mifcliievous ;
deftruftive ; caufing pain.

Confider mine enemies ; for they are many,
and they hate me with cruel hatred. Pfalm xxv. 19.

We beheld one of the cruttieft fights between
two knights, that ever hath adorned the mod mar-
tial ftory. Sidney,

Cru'elly. adv. [from cruel]

1 . In a cruel manner ; inhumanly ; barba-
roufly.

He relies upon a broken reed, that not onljr
bafcly fails, but alfo cruelly pierces, the hand that
rcfts upon it. South,

Sir.ce you deny him entrance, he demands
His wife, whom cruelly you hold in bands.

Dryden's AurengKebt,

2. Painfully ; mifchievoufly.

The Scotiilh arrows being (harp and (lender,
enter into a man or borCe moft cruelly, notwith-
ftanding they are (hot forth weakly.

Sperfer on Ireland,

Brimftone and wild-fire, though they burn cru-
elly, and are hard to quench, yet make no fuch
fiery wind as gun-pvivdcr. Bacon,

Cru'elness. n. f, [from cruel.] Inhu-
manity ; cruelty.

But (ire more cruel, and more favage wild.
Than either lion or the lionefs.

Shames not to be with guiltiefs blood icbVA ;
She taketh glory in her cruelncfs. Sfe^fer,

Cru'elty. n.f. [cruaute, French.]

1. Inhumanity ; favagenefs ; barbarity;
delight in the pain or mifery of others.

The cruelty and envy of the people.
Permitted by our daftard nobles.
Have fuSer'd me by the voice of flavcs to be
Whoop'd out of Rome. Sb.tkt-f(>eare'sCuriolatlus,

2. Ad of intentional afiliflion.

There were great changes in the world by the

revolutions of empire, the cruellies of conquering,

and the calamities of enflaved nations. T.mpie,

Cru'entate. adj. [cruentatus, Latin.]

Smeared with blood.

Atomical ajiorrheas pals from the cruentate
cloih or weapon to the wound. Glanville^s Seepfts,

Cru'et. n.f. [kruicke, Dut.] A vial for
vinegar or oil, with a llopple.

Within thy reach I let the vinegar;
And fiU'd the cruet with the acid tide.
While pepper-water worms thy bait fupplied. Snip.

Cru'ise. n.f. [kruicke, DCitch.] A fmall
cup.

1 have not a cake, but an handful of meal in a
barrel, and a little oil in a eruife. 1 Kings,

The train prepare a rruife of curious mould,
A cni'ije of fragrance, form'd of burnifti'd gold.

Pope's Odyjfey.

CRUISE, n.f. [croife, Fr. from the origi-
nal cruifirs, who bore the crofs, and
plundered only infidels.] A voyage in
fearch of plunder.

To Cruise, v. n. [from the noun.] To
rove over the fea in fearch of opportu-
nities to plunder ; to wander on the fea
without any certain courfe.

Cru'iser. n.f. [hatacruifc] One that
roves upon the iea in fearch of plunder.

Amongft the cru'Jirs it was complnined, that
their furgeons were too aflive in amputating frac-
tured members. JVifiVifn.

CRUM. \n.f. [cpuraa, Saxon; *rtfjOT«,

CRUMB. ) Dutch ; krummel, German.]

1. The loft part of bread; not the cruft.

I '^ Take

C,R U

Take of manchet about three ounces, the crvmh
only thin cut; and let it be boiled in milk till it
grow to a pulp. Baon.

2. Afmall particle ir fragment of bread.

More familiar grown, the table crums
Attraa his llender feet. Thomfin's TVwter.

To Cru'mble. II. a. [from crumb.'] To
break into fmall pieces ; to comminute.

Fleih is but the glafs which holds the du!l
That meafures all our time, which alio <ball
Be cramhird into dud. Heriert.

He with his bare wand can unthread thy joints,
And {rumble all thy (ineivs. Mlltcn.

By frequent parcelling and fubdividing of inhe-
ritances, in procefs of time they became fo divided
and cruinbUi, that there were few perfons of able
«fl«e»- HaU'i taw cf E^glavJ.

At the fame tinic we were criimklul into various
faflions and parties, all aiming at by-interefts,
without any fincere regard for the public good.

. Aiiirbury.

The bill leaves three hundred pounds a year to
the mother church ; which they can divide like-
wife, and tramblc as low as their will and pleafure
will difpofe of iheni. Swift.

Te C R u 'm E L E . 17. a. To fall into fmall

C R U

C R U

pieces.
^ There is fo hot a fummer in my brain.

That all my bowels cnimile up to dull.

Shakifftarit King John.
Nor ii the profit fmall the pcafant makei.
Who fmooths with harrow, or who pounds with

nkes,
The trambnne clods. DryJen', Ciirgicks.

Ambition Tigh'd : (he found it vain to trufl
The faithlefs column,and the crumbling buft. Pote.
If the ftone is brittle, it will often crumble, and
pafs in the form of gravel. Arbuihmt en Diet.

What houfe, when its materials crumble,
Muft not Inevitably tumble ? S-w'ifi.

For the little land that remains, provifion it
made by the late aft againft popery, that it will
daily rrvm^/i; away. Swift.

Cru'menal. n./. [from crumtna, Latin.]
A purfe.

The fat ox, that woonnt ligye !n the ftall.
Is now fafl flailed in her crumenal. Sfenfer-i PeJI.
Ckv'mmy. ai(/. [from crum.] Soft.
CRUMP. ac/J. [cpump, Saxon j inm,
Dutch ; irumm, German.] Crooked in
the back.

When the worltmen took meafure of him, he
wa« cmmf OiouUered, and the right fide higher
»^" *= '=<^^ L-EJIr«\ge.

To Cru'mple. v. a. [from crumf; or
corrupted from rumpie, rompeUa, Dutch.]
To draw into wrinkles ; to crufli toge.
ther in complications.

Sir Roger alighted fron, hi, horfe, and expofing
h.spam to two or three that ftcod by himf th-y
.rumfleel It xnxo all Ihaoc, and diligently fc'anncd
every wrinkle that could be made. ' yiMp,„.

C R u 'm p L 1 .w c . ». / A fmall degenerate

apple.

r. Crunk. 1^. „. To cry like a

VoCrunkle.j crane. £)/^

Cru'pper. ». / [from croute, Fr. thfe

buttocb of the horfe.] That part of the

horfeman's furniture that reaches from

the fadUle to the tail. ,

fciitoph,,n had received fuch a blow, that he
had lort tiie rem, of his horfe, with his head well

Where h^ve you left the money that I gave yo7?
-— Oh--f.,pcnce thit I had a Wednefday laft
To pay the Wdler for my ^m^,- „upJ. Tm.

Full OK tne rivals met, and neither V^arM
Wisur ' ir.deach forgot tu ward :

i,l'= ■■ i to the faddle bent,

"" "^ • -'■ ■■ '0 ''« iruppe, fcnt. Vrjdeti.

Cru'ral. ttJj. [from crut, erun'j, Lit.]
Belonging to the leg.

The Iharpnefs of the teeth, and the ftrength of

the crural mufcles, in lions and tygers, are the

caufe of the great and habitual immorality of

thofe animals. Arbuthm.

Crusa'de. 1 /-co

Crusa'do.;"--^ SeeCROiSADE.

1. An expedition againft the infidels.

2. A coin ftamped with a crofs.

Believe me, I had rather have loft my purfe
Full ofcnjadm. Shakeffcarcs Othello.

Crusk. See Cruise.
Cru'set. n./. A goldfmith's melting-
Pot- Phillips.

To CRUSH, -v. a. {ccrafer, Frencli.]
I. To prefs between two oppofue bodies;
to fqueeze ; to force by compreffion.

The afs thruit herfelf unto the wall, ini cruped
Balaam's foot againft the wall. Numbeit, xxii. 25.
Cold caufes rheums and defluiions from the
head, and fome aftringent plafters crujh out puru-
lent matter. Bacon.
He crufixd treafureoutof his fubjeils purfes, by
forfeitures upon penal laws. Bacon.

Bacchus, that firft from out the purple grape
Crufti'd the fweet poifon of mifufed wine. Milton.
J fought and fell like one, but death deceivd me :
I wanted weight of feeble Moors upon me.
To crujh my foul out. Dryden's Don Sebajlitn.

2. To prefs with violence.

You fpeak him far

1 don't extend him. Sir : within himfejf

Crujh him together, rather than unfold
His meafure fully. Sbaktjftare's Cymbeline,

When loud winds from difTrent quarters ru(h,
Vaft clouds encounfringoneanotherer»/Zi. fya/ler.

3. To overwhelm ; to beat down.

Put in their hands thy bruifing irons of wrath,
That they may crufi down, with a heavy fall,
Th' ufurping helmets of our adverfaries !

. . Shakefpeare's Richard III.

Vain is the force of man, and heav'n's as vain,
lacrujb the pfllars which the pile fuftain.

Dryden't ASneiJ.

4. Tofubdue; to conquer' beyond refin-
ance.

They ufe them to plague their enemies, or to
opprcfs and crujh fome of their own too llubborn
freeholder!. Spenfer en Ireland.

Mine emulation
Hath not that honour in 't it had ; for
I thought to crij^ him in an equal force.
True fword to fword. Shakejpeare'i Ceriolanut.

This a(ft
Shall bruife the head of Satan, crujh his ftrength.
Defeating fin and death, his two main arms. Afi/i.

What can that man fear, who takes care cb
pleafi: a Being that is fo able to crujh all his ad-
verfaries? a Being that can divert any misfortune
from befalling him, or turn any fuch misfortune
to his advantage > Addi/on't Guardian.

ToCrvsh. -v. ,t. To be condenfed ; to

come in a clofe body.
Crush. >,. /. [from the verb.] A colli-

fion ; the aft of rulhing together.

rh.)U (halt flourilh in immortal youth,
Unhutt amidft the war of elements,
1 he wreck of matter, and the crujh of worlds.

Addijm'i Cale.
CRUST, n./. Icrttfta, Latin.]

1. Pi.ny fliell, or external coat, by which
any body is enveloped.

I hive known the ftatue of an emperor quite
hid uncicr a erufl of drofs. Addijonon Medal,.

2. An incruftation ; colleftion of matter
into a hard body.

Were the river a confufion of never {o many
different bodies, if they had been all aflually dif-
fi/lved, they would a; leaft have fwnj;d one con-

tmucd erujl; as we fee the fcorium of metals al.
ways gathers into a folid piece. Addijon on Italy.
_ The vifcous cruji flops the entry of the chyle
into the lafleals. Arbmhnot on Alments.

3. The cafe of a pie, made of meal, and
baked.

He was never fuft'ered to go abroad, for fear of
catching cold : when he (hould have been hunt-
ing down a buck, he was by his mother's fide,
learning how to feafon it, or put it in cruji.

AddijensSpcBator,-

4. The outer hard part of bread.

Th' impenetrable cruji thy teeth defies,
And, petri(5ej with age, fecurcly lies. Dryd. Jut,.-

5. A walle piece of bread.

Y" are liberal now; but when your turn is fped.
You '11 wilh me choak'd with every crufi of bread.-

>> .... Dryden.-

Men will do tricks, like dogs, fore™;?!. VEJir.
To Crust, v. a. [from the noun]
I. To envelop; to cover with a hard cafe.

Why gave you me a monarch's foul.
And crujied it with bafe plebeian clay ? Dryden.
_ Nor is it improbable but that, in procefs ot
tinie, the whole furface of it may be trujied over,
as the inands enl3rt;e thcmfelves, and the banks
clofe in upon them. Addijon on Italy.

And now their legs, and breafts, and bodies flood
Crujied with bark, and hard'ning into wood.
J Addijon.

in lome, who have run up to men without eJu.
cation, we may obferve many great qualities dark-
ened and eclipfed; their minds are crujied over,,
like diamonds in the rock. Feltcn,

2. To foul with concretions.

If your mafler hath many mufty, or very foul
and crujied bottles, let thofe be the firft you truck
at the aiehoufc. Sivift.

To Crust, -v. n. To gatherer contrafta
cruft ; to gain a hard covering.

I contented myfelf with a plalter upon the place'
that was burnt, which crvfied and healed in very
_f™ ''^ys; ■ remple.

Crusta CEOus. adj. [from <-r«/a, Lat.]
Shelly, with joints ; not teftaceous ; not
with one continued uninterrupted fliell.
Lobfler is criiftaccum , oyfter teftaceous.

It is true that there are fome (h'elJs, fuch as
thofe of lobfters, crabs, and others of crujlacecus
kinds, that are very raiely found at land.

^ Woodward' i Natural Hijiory,

Crusta'ceousness. n.f. [from cru/a.
ceous.] The quality 'of having jointed
(hells.

Cru'stilv. acfv. [from era/?/.] Peevilh-

ly ; fnappilhly ; harlhly,
Cru'stiness. «. / [fromrrtt/y.]

1. The quality of a cruft.

2. Peevilhnefs; morofenefs.
Cru'sty. ai/J. [from oa/.]

1 . Covered with a cruft.

The e^g itftlh' defervcs our notice; its' parts
■within, and its rrujiy coat without, are admirably
well fitted for the bufinefs of incubation. ,

Derham't Phyjico-Thcclogy.

2. Sturdy ; morofe; fnappilh: a low Word.
CRUTCH, n.f. [rr»<'a«, Italrvce*^, f r.

crucke, German.] ' . .

I . A fupport nfed by cripples.

Ah, ihus king Henry throws away his Crtitch,
Before his legs be (ma to bear his body.

Shakejpeare'i Henry VI,
Henc4, therefore, thou nice crutch 1 ^

A fcaly gauntlet now, with joints of fteel,
Muft glove this hand. Shakijpeare', Hcnky IV.
On tJwrft new trutcta let. theire learn t6 vvallp.

Dryden's Georgicks,
This fair defcfl, this helplefs aid cali'd. wife.
The bending crutch of a decrepit life. Dryden.
Rhyme is a crutch that lifts the weak along.

Supports theftcWe, bwrct«ds the ftropg. Smith.

7il9

CRY

CRY

The dumb (TiuU fmg, the lame his tnlci forego,
And leap exultinj! like the bounding roe.

Poft's Mtjjuib.

2. It is ufed for old age.

Beauty dorh »»rniih age, as if new born.
And gives the crutch the cradle's infancy. Shai.

Te Crutch. i/. a. [^(tom eruich.'] To
fupport on crutches as a cripple.

1 haften Og and Docg to rehcarle,
Two fools that crutch their feeble fenfe on vcrfe.

Dry den •

To CRY. V. n. \crier, French.]

1 . To fpeak with vehemence and loudnefs.

Mtthought 1 heard a voice cry. Sleep no more !
Micbctli djtU muril;er flccp ! the innocent flecp.

Shulajlicart,
While his falling tears the dream fupplied,
Thus mourning to his mother goddefs cried.

DrydcrCi f^irgil-

2. To call importunately.

1 ni.'rf, by reafon of mine affliflion, unto the
Lord, and he heard me. Jonas, \i. ».

3 To talk eagerly or inceffantly ; to re-
peat continually.

They be idle; therefore they cry, faying, Let
us go. Exodui, V. 8.

4. To proclaim ; to make publick.

Go and cry in the ean of Jcrufaiem.

Jeremiah, ii. 2.

5. To exclaim.

Yet let tlijm lu.ik they glory not in mifchief,
Nor build their evils on the graves of great men.
For then mv guiltlefs blood muftcr_y againft them.

Shakeffeare.
What 's the matter.
That in the fcvcral places of the city
You cry againft the noble ftiiate ? Sbat. Ciridanui.

If drefling, milVrciring, and compliment.
Take up thy day, the fun himfdf will cry
Againrt thee. Herbert.

I.yfimachus having obtained the favour of feeing
his (hips and machines, furprifed at the contriv-
ance, <ried out, that they were built with more
than human art. Arbuihnot on Coins.

6. To Utter lamentations.

'.* Wc came cryirg hither :

. Thou know'ft, the firft time that we fmell the air,
We «a»le and cry. Skakejpeare's King Lear.

Behold, my fervants (hall fing for joy of heart ;
but ye fliall cry for furrow of heart, and (hall howl
lor vexation of fpirit. Ijaiab, Ixv. 14.

When any evil has been upon philofophers, they
eroan as pitifully, »nd cry out as loud, as other
men. _ riV/or/ix.

7. To fquall, as an infant.

■ ^ Should fome gid tell me, that I ihould be born.
And cry again, his ofter I ihould fcorn. Deisham.

Thus, is a ftarry night, fond children cry
For the rich fpangles that adorn the (ky. If^aller.

He druggies firft for bri:ath, and criis for aid ;
Then hclplffs in his mother's lap is laid.

Dryden's Fables.

The child certainly knows, that the worm-feed
or muftard-fccd it refufcs, is not the apple or
fugar it criei for. Lccki.

8. To weep ; to Ihed tears.

Her wlm Hill weeps with fpungy eyes,
.. And her who is dry cork, and never iriri. Donne.

^-9. To uuer an inarticulate voice, as an
animal.

He giveth to the bead his food, and to the
jaung ravens «rhich cry. P/alm cxlvii. 9.

' The bealU of the 6eU cry alfo unto thee.
,-. . • Joel.S.ia.

' 10. To yelp, as a hound on a fceut.

He cri'd upon it at the mctrcft lofs ;
Truft me, 1 t.ikc him for the bctttr dog. Hhairff.
To Cry. t/. a. To proclaim, publickly
fomcthing loll or found, in or«icr to its
recovery or reftitutlon.

She feeks, ihc fighs, but no where fpic: Km :
I^«c is ioit, and thus ihc criei him* Crap^vi.

7*0 Cry eimvn. v. a.

1. To blame; to depreciate ; to decry.

Bavlus cries do-wn an admirable treatife ot phi-
lofophy, and fays there 's athe:fm in it. War/i.

Men of dill'olute lives cry down religion, becaule
th-, y wculd not be under the reftraints of it. Ti/Zoi/.

2. To prohibit.
By all means cry down that unworthy courfc ot

late times, that they (hould pay money.

Bacon It yiUiers.

%. To overbear.

I'll to the king.
And from a mouth of honour <juite rry </<>wii
This Ipfwich fellow's infolence. Sbakejf. H.VIIl.

To CrV out. -v. n,

1 . To exclaim ; to fcream ; to clamour.

They make the oppreffed to cry ; they cry out
by realon of the arm of the mighty. J'-i-

With that Sufanna cried with a loud voice, and
the two elders cried cut againll her. SuJ. xxiv.

2. To complain loudly.

We arc ready to fry cut 'if an unequal mamge-
raent, and to blame the Divine adminiftration.

Atterbury.

3. To blame ; to cenfurc : with of, agaivft,

upon. .

Are thcfe things then neccflities ?
Then let us meet them like ncccflities ;
And that fame word even now .riti out on us, Sbak.

Giddy cenfurc
Will then cry out of Marcius : oh, if •»«
Had borne the bulinefs. Sh^ikcffearc's Comlarus.
Behold. 1 cry out c/ wrong, but 1 am not heard.

yoi.xix. 7.
Cry out upon the ftars for doing
111 offices, to crofs their wooing. Hudibras.
Epiphanius criVs out upon it, as rank idolatry,
and dcftruftive to their fouls who did it.

Siillmgfieet.

Tumult, fcdition, and rebellion, are things that
the foUowas of that hypothefis c<y out ag,>inj}.

Locke.

I find every fefl, as far as reafon will help them,
make ufe of it gladly ; and where it fails them,
they .ry out, it is matter of faith, and above rea-
fon! ^»^*'-

4.. To declare loud.
;. To be in labour.

What ! is (he crying out f —

So faid her woman ; and that her fuiTrance

made
Each pang a death. Sbake/peare't HenryWin.

To CkY up. -v. a.

1 . To applaud ; to exalt ; to praifc.

Inftcad of crying up all things which aie orought
from beyond in, let u= advance the native commo-
dities of our own kingdom. Bacon to Villiers.
The philofophcr defervedly fufpefted himfclt ot
vanity, when cried up by the multitude.

' Chn-villt's Scepjis.

The aftrologer, if his prediftions come to pafs,

is cried up to the ftars from whence he ptetends to

draw them. ^ 5'"'*-

Thoy (light the ftrongeft arguments that can be

brought for religion, and rrji up very »•")<: ""^

agrin.i it. ^''M'"-

He may, out of intcreft, as well as convidtion,

cry up that for facrcd, which, if once trampled on

and profaned, he himfclf cannot be fafe, nor le-

cure. „ ^ ^'^*''

Poets, like monarchs on an eaftern throne,
Coiifin'd by notbfng but their will alone,
Here can fry up, and there as boldly blame.
And, as they plcali:, give infamy or tame, lyaljh.
Thot'e who are fond of continuing the war, cry
up our conllant fuccefs at a moll prodigious rate.
'^ Swift.

2. To raife the price by proclamation.

All the effeil that I conceive was made by crying
up the pieces of eight, was to bring in much mure
of that fpccics, inilcad of others current here.

%mplt

CRY

Cry. «./. [eri, French.]

I . Lamentation ; (hriek ; fcream.

And all the firft born in the land of Efypt fliall
die, and tl*t« ihaU be a great rrji throughout all
the land. _ Exodus.

z. Weeping ; mourning.

3, Clamour ; outcry.

Amazement Icizss all ; the general cry
Proclaims Laocoon juftly doom'd to die.

Dryden's VirgV.

Thefe narrow and felii(h views have fo great an
influence in this cry, that there are feveral of my
fellow frecboldeis who fancy the church in danger
upon the rifmg of bank-ftock. yiddifon,

4. Exclamation of triumph or wonder, or
any other paffion.

, , ....

.1; » pilh countries fome importor cries ow, a
miracle f a miracle ! to crmlirm the d-^luded vul
gar in their errours; and fo the cry goes round,
without examining into the cheat. Swift.

5. Proclamation.

6. The hawkers proclamation of wares to
be fold in the ftreet : as, the criei rf
London.

7. Acclamation ; popular favour.

The 1 r_y went once for the/*,
And nill it might, and yet it may again. Shaltfp.

8. Voice; utterance ; manner of vocal ex-
preflion.

S Kinds alfo, befides the diftinft cries of biids
and beads, are modified by diverfity of notti of
different length, put together, which make that
complex idea called tunc. Ltckc.

9. Importunate call.
Fray not thou tor this people, neither lift up

cry nor prayer for them. ^rr, vii. 15.

10. Yelping of dogs.

He fcorns the dog, refolves fo try
The combat next ; but if their cry
Invades again his trembling ear,
He ftrait refumcs his wonted care. W^aHer,

11. Yell; inarticulate noife.

There (hall bethe noife of a ciy from the fifhgatr,
and an howling from tlic fecond, and agreat cralh-
ing from the hills. Zepb. i. 10.

12. A pack of dogs.

About her middle round,
A fry of hell-hounds never ceafing bark'd. Miltm.

\ ou common try of curs, whofe breath I hate
As reek o" th' rotten fens ; whofe loves I prize
As the dead carcafes of unburied men,
That do corrupt my air. Sbake/peare't Coriolanui,

Cry'al. ». /. The heron. Amj'iuortb.
Cry'er. See Crier.
Cr y'er. n.f. A kind of hawk, called the
falcon gentle, an enemy to pigeons, and
very fwift. Ainjivonh.

CKY'?'nC\h.\adj. [«etV1«.] Hidden;
CRY'FTICK. J lecret; occult; pri-
vate ; unknown ; not divulged.

The ftudents of natuK, confcious of her more
cryptick ways of working, refolve miny ftranfc
eficfls into the near eificiency of fecond caufes.

CUnvilk's Apd.
Speakers, whofe chief bufmcfs is to amufe or
delight, do not con(ine themlelves to any natural
order, but in a cryptical or hidden method adapt
every thing to their ends. Watts.

Cry'ptically. adv. \i\om cryftical.^
Occultly ; fecretly : perhaps, in the fol-
lowing example, the author might h.-ive
written critically,

Wc take the word acid in a familiar fcnf',

without cryptically diftinguilhing it from thofe

fapors that arc a-kiu to it. Boy!e.

Crypto'graphy. n, f. [ k^iVIw a;id

•y^aipi'.]

1 . The art of writing fecret charafters.

2. Secret charaflers ; cyphers.

Crypto-

CRY

Crypto'logy. n. f. [n^t/Vlu and xjy^.]
Enigmatical language.

CRY'STAL. n. r:\y.e{,T«.>MS>:'\

I. Cryjlals are Lard, pellucid, and natu-
rally colourlefs bodies, of regularly an-
gular figures, compofed of fimple, not
filamentous plates, not flexile or elaf-
tick, giving fire with fteel, not fer-
menting with acid menftrua, and cal-
cining in a ftrong fire. There are many
various fpecies of it produced in different
parts of the globe. Hill on FoJJils.

IJlard cryjlal is a genuine fpar, ot" an citTeracly
pure, clear, and fine texruie, leidLim cither ble-
xniibed with flaws or fpots, or {lained with an)
other colour. A remarkable property of this body,
which has much cmpi-»yed the v.riters on onticks,
is its double refradion ; (o that if" it be laid over
a black 'line, drawn, on paper, two lines appear in
tlie plate of one. Hill.

Wa:er, as it feems, tumeth into crifial ; as is
fccn in divers caves, where the ciyjlal bangs in Jlil.
licidm. Bacon.

If cryjiai\x a ftone, it is not immediately con-
creted by the efficacy of cold, but rather by a rai-
oeral fpirlt. Brotcn,

Cryjlal is certainly known and diftinguifhed by
the degree cf its diaphaneity and of its refraftion,
as alf:> of its hardncfs, which arc ever the fame.

IVoodivarJ.

z. Cryjlal is alfo ufed for a faflitious body
cart in the giafs-houfes, called alfo cry-
^a/ glafs, which is carried to a degree
of perfeftion beyond the common glafs;
though it comes faf (hort of the white-
nefs and vivacity of the natural iryflal.

Chambers.
3. Cryjlah [in chymlftry] exprcfs falts or
other matters (hot or congealed in man-
ner of cryfial. Chambers.
If the mcnflruum be overcharged, within a
Ihart time the mecaJswill iboot into ceiuin cryjlah.

Bacon,
Cr.y'stal. ac//.

1. Confining of cryftal.

Then, Jupiter, thou Iting of Gois,
Thy cryjl.1l window ope, look out. Stakejf. Cyrri.

2. Bright ; clear ; tranfparcat ; lucid ;
pellucid.

In groves we live, and lie on mofTy bc.iF,
By cryjljl ftrtams that murmur through the meads.

Vryder..

Cry'stalline. adj. [cryjlallinus, Latin . ]

1. Confining of cr)t'.al.

Mount cagie to my palace criflnllinr.

ShaieJ'furare't Cfrnhtline.
Wk' provided ourfelvcs with fome fmail receiv-
ers, "blown of cryjlairiife glafs. Boyle.

2. Bright ; clear ; pellucid ; tranfparent.

'f"I>c clarifying of water is an experiment rend-
ing to the health j befules the pleafurc of the rye,
whtn water is cryjlalline. It is effected by cafting
in and placing pebbles at the licad of tji: current,
that the water may flrain through them.

BacynU Natural Ilijtbry,

He on the wings of cherub rode fublime
On the cryjlalline Iky, in faphir thron'd
Ulnllrious far and wide. Miltiji.

CVy'sTALMNE Humour, n.f. The fecond
humour of the eye, that lies immediate-
ly next to the aqueous behind the uvea,
oppofite to the papilla, nearer to the fore
part than the back part of the globe.
It is the lead; of the humours, but much
more folid than any of them. Its figure,
which is convex on both fides, refem-
blcs two unequal fcgments of fpheres,
of which the moll convex is on its back-

VOL. I.

CUB

fide, which makes a fmall cavity in the
glafly humour in which it lies. It is
covered with a fine coat, called aranca.

The parts of the eye are made convex, and
cfpecially the cryjlallint humour, which is of a len-
ticular figure, convex on both fides.

Ray en the Creation.

Crystalliza'tion. n.f, [troxa. cryfial-
lize.]

1. Congelation into cryftals.

Such a combination of faljne particles as rcfcm-
bles the for.Tj of a cryftal, varioufiy mod:fi?d, ac-
cording to the nature and teiture of the f.;lts. The
method is by ditTolvir.g any faline boiy iu water,
and fiUeiing it, to evaporate, till a film appear ai
the top, and then let it lUnd to (hoot ; and this it
does by that attraOivc fotcc which is in all bodies,
and particularly in fait, by rcafon of its iolicity :
whereby, wlien the mcnftruunrvor fluid, in wlilch
fuch particles flm-, is fated enough or evaporated,
fo that the ("aline particle: are within each other's
attractive powers, they draw one another more
than tiiey are drawn by the fluid, then will they
run into cryftals. And this is peculiar to thofe,
that, let them be ever fo much divided and reduced
into minute particles, yet when they are formed
into cryftals, they each of them rea(rume their
pr»per fliapcs ; (a tliat one might as eaiily divert
them of their ("altncfs, as of their figure. This
being an immutable and perpetual law, by knowing
the figure of the cryftals, we may underftand what
the texture of the particles ought to be, which can
form thofe cryftals ; and, on the other hand, by
knowing the texture of the particles, may be de-
termined the figureof the cryftals. Suircy,

2. The mafs formed by congelation or
concretion.

All natural rart.illick and mineral cryjlaliixaiioni
were ef}"c£ted by the water, which firft brought the
particles, whereof each confiils, out from amongft
the matter of the ftrata. fl^toiiivard'i Nat, llji.

7e Cry'stallize. -v. a. [Croai crjjlal.]
To caufe to congeal or concrete in cryf-
tals.

If you difTolvc copper in ajua forth, or fpirit of
nitre, you may, by cryJIalUxirg tlie folution, ob-
tain a goodly blue, Boyle.

To Crv'st ALLI2E. -v, V, To coaguIatc,
congeal, concrete, or flioot into cryft.ils.
K-cent urine will cryftallmt by infpiffation, and
afford a fait neither acid nor alkaline.

Arhutbno: on j^Hmcr.tj.

CUB. n.f. [of uncertain etymology.]

1. The young of a bcaft ; generally of a
bear or fox.

i would outftare the fterneft eyes that look.
Pluck the you-ng fuckling cuhi from the (he-bear.

SlakcJi'earf.

TTiis night, wherein the ^u^-drav.n bear wouid

couch.

The lion, and the bel!y-pinc!ied wolf,

Keep their fur dry. Stahfjearc't King Lear.

In the eagle's dcrtroying one fox's cuts, tlicrc 's

power executed with oppreflion. L'EJlrange.

2. The young of a whale, perhaps of any
viviparous fifh.

Two mighty whales, which fwelling feas had
toft.
One as a mountain vaft, and with her came
A cub, not much inferior to his dame. Thaller.

3. In reproach or contempt, a young boy
or girl.

O thoudilleinhling ci/i/ what will thou be,
"When time hath fow'd a grizzle on thy cafe ?
Orwill notelfethy craft (o quickly grow.
That thine own trip (hall be thine overthrow?

Shakejpcare.

O moft comical fight ! a country fquire, with
the equipage of a wife and two daughters, came
to Mr. Snipwcl's fhop lafl night ; but, fuch two
unlickcd cull I Ctngreve,

CUB

To Cub. f. a. [from the no jr.] To
bring forth : ufed of beafts, or of a
woman in contempt.

Cuhh'dm a cabbin, on a mattrefs la'd,
On a brown george with Inufy fwabbeis fed ;
Dead wine, that ilink^ of the Borrachi , fup
From afoul jack, or greafy maple cup.

Drydens Verfius,

Cuba'tion. rt. /. [cuiatio, La.un.] The
aft of lying down. DU?.

Cu'batory. ac(f. [from cuBo, Lat.] Re-
cumbent. Dl£7.

Cu'b ATURE. «./ [from cuie.]The find-
ing exsflly the folid content of any pro-
poled body. Harris,

CUBE. ft./, [from xtCo;, a die.]

1. [In geometry] A ;-egular folid body,
confifting of fix fquare and equal faces
or fides, and the angles all right, and
therefore equal. Chambers.

2. [Inarithmetick.] SeeCuaicK Number.

All the mafter planets move about the fun at
fcveral diftances, as tlicir c->mmon centre, and
with different velocities. This common law being
obferved in all of them, that the fquares of the
times of the revolutions are propcrti >nal to the
cubes of their diftances. Grcw^s Cofmologia.

Cube Root. 7 «• /■ The origin of a
Cv'^aiCK Root. 5 cubick number; or a
number, by whofe multiplication into
itfelf, and again into the produft, any
given number is formed : thus two is
the cube-root of eight. Chambers,

Cu'beb. n.f. A fmall dried fruit refem-
bling pepper, but fomewhat longer, of a
greyilh brown colour on the furface. It
has an aromatick fmell, and is acrid ta
the talle. Cubebs are brought from
Java. Htll.

Aromaticks, as eubels, cinnamon, and nutmegs,
arc ufually put into crude poor winfs, to give them
more oily ("pirits. Flcycr on the Humours,

Co'bical. 7 J- rr I 1

,-, , taiti. from^Bftf.l

CunicK. 3

I . Having the form or properties of a

cube.

A dafe velTcl, containing ten cuhical feet of air,
will not fuller a wax candle of an ounce to burn
in it above an hour before it be fufFocatcd.

H'ilkini': Math, MagT"

It is above a hundred to one, againft any parti-
cular rlirow, that yon do not caft any gi\en fc of
fjces with four u.t..Y.i/dicr ; bccaufe there arc Co
many fevcral combinations of the fix faces of four
dice. Beittky's Str/r.:i:i,

z. It is applied to numbers.

The number of lour, multiplied into itfelf, pro-
duceth the Iquare number of fixteen ; and that
aglin multiplied by Jiiur, producct]i the cuNck
number of fixry-ft*ur. if we (huuld ("uppol^; a
muiliiude afluaily irjfi/iiu-, the e mull be infinite
roots, and fquaic and cuh'.ck numbers ; yet, of nc-
cdnry, the ro it is' but tlvj fourth part of the
fquart, and tlie fixtecntli part of the cuhich num-
ber, liale'i Or'gin of Mankind.

The number nf ten hath been as h ghiy extol-
led, as containing even, odd, long and plain, qua-
drate and rrf^rVfl/ numbers. BnyLVn I Vulgar i.i-r.

Cu'bic ALN ESS. K. f, [from cubical.'] The
ftate or quality of being cubical.

CuarcuLARY. aJJ, [cubicitlicm, Latin.]
Fitted for the pollureof lying down.

Cuftom, by dcgrccp, changed their tubiculary
beds into difcubitoiy, and introduced a fafhion b>
go from the baihs unto thefe. Brnvn's Vulg, Err,

Cv'ntroRM. ac^j. [from cube and/b/w.]
Of the (hape of a cube.

3 M C'UEIT.

b u c

CU^IT. «. /. [from cuiitus, Latin.] A
itiealure in ufe among the ancients ;
which, was originally the diflance from
the eibow, bending inwards, to the
extremity of the middle finger. This
mcalure is the fourth part of a well-
proportioned man's ftature. Some fix
the Hebrew cuiii at twenty inches and
a half, Paris meafure j and others at
eighteen. Calmit.

From the tip of tht elbow to the end of the long

finger, is half a yard, ami a quarter of the fiature ;

and ujakcj ata/*;/, thefirit mealurc w? read of", the

ark of Noah being framed a.id incafurcd by cabin,

Jio'tijr on *Xinie.

Mcafilr'd by cuBis, length, and breadth, and
heights Hn/ttitt.

The Je*,s ufed two forts of CBbitt ; the facred,
ud tlw profane or commoo one.

Arhuthnot on Meafurei,

When on the goddcfs fiili I caft my fight,
Scarce fircm'd her ftsture of a cuiir height. Pcpr.

Cu'bital. a</J. [cubitaUi, Latin.] Con-
taining only the length of a cubit.

The watchmen of Tyre niijlit well be called
pygmies, tlie towers of that ciry being fo high,
tliat unto men below ihoy appeared in a cubital
Mature. £rcvjni J^ul^ar Errourt.

'Ct/'cKitfCsTDOL n.f. An engine invent-
ed for the punifhment of fcolds and un-
quiet women, which, in ancient times,
was called tumbrel. Cetuel/.

Thefe mounted on a chair-conile.
Which moderns call a CBclting-fiaii,
March proudly to the river's fide. Budibrat.
CU'CKOLD. »./. [eocu, Fr. from coukoo.]
One that is married to an adulterefs ;
one whofe wife is falfe to his bed.

But for ail the whole world \ why, who would
JiQK. make her hufljand a cuckoidf to make him a
monarch .' I fhould venture purgatory for 't.

Shakeffnare'i OthcUs.
There have been.
Or I am touch deceiv'd, cuchtds ere now ;
And many a man there is, ev'n at this prefent.
Now while I fpcak this, holds his wife by th'arm,
That little thinks flie has been fluic'd in 's abfence.

Shakeff'Ciire,
For though the law makes null th' adulterer's
deed
Of linda to'her,the cuckold any fucceed.

Drydtti's yuvcrtaL
Ever (ince the reign of king Charles II. the
alderman is made a cuckeld, the deluded virgin is
debauched, and adultery and fornication are com-
mitted behind the Hlenes. Swift,
VV Cu'cK.0LD. t;. il. ,

1 . To corrupt 4 man's wife ; to bring upon
a man the reproach of having an adul-
terotu wife ; to rob a man of his wife's
fidelity.

If thou canft cuckold him, thou do'ft thyfelf a
pleafure, and me a fport. Stakefftjrc't Othello.

2. To wrong ahufband by tjnchaftity.

ButfufTcr not thy wife abroad to roam,
Nor ftrut in ftreets with amuonian pace;
For that's to cuckold thee before thy face.

Vrydcn't Jtdvcital,
Cu'cKOLDLY. Hi/;, [from f«f/(»/d'. J Hav-
ing the qualities of a cuckold ; poor ;
mean ; cowardly ; fncaking.

Poor cuihldly knave, I know him not: yet I
wrong him to call him poor ; they fay the jealous
knave hath mafles of money.

Sbjk'fftarc t Merry 'Wivei of Windfor,

Cu'cKOLn.M AKBR. ». /. [ f«r^o/</ and
maks.^ One that makes a praftice of
corrupting wives.
\i 1 fpatcd any cliat bad a head to hit, either

cue

young or old, he or flte, cuckold, or euckcldmakcr,
let roe never hope to fee a chiiM -again.

Sbakiffcarc'i Hcnrj VIIl.
One Hernando, cuckolJmakrr of this city, con-
trived to ileal her away. Dry den' t Sfoniff) Friar.

Cu'cKOLDOM. »./. [{torn cucioU.]

1 . The aft of adultery.

She is thinking on nothing but her colonel, ar.d
corfpiiing (^ck^ldomagit'tnAtnc^ Dryd, Sfani/hfr.

2. The (late of a cuckold.

It is a true faying, that the laft man of the
pariih that knows of his cuckoldom, is himfclf.

jtrbuthi'.t' t John Bull,

CU'CKOO. B. / [cucului, Lat. ctuccw.
Welfh ; cocu, French; cokkock, Dutch.]

1. A bird which appears in the fpring,
and is faid to fuck the eggs of other
birds, and lay her own to be hatched in
their place : from which prafticc, it was
ufual to alarm a hufband, at the ap-
proach of an adulterer, by calling cuc-
koo ; which, by midake, was in time
applied to the hufbaud. This bird is
remarkable for the uniformity of his
note, from which his name in moll
tongues feems to have been formed.

Finding Mopla, like a cuckut by a nightingale,
alone with Pamela, I came in. Sidney.

The merry <ric.*iiij, raeflengerof fpring.
His trumpet Ihrill hath thrice already founded.

Sfccfir.
The plain fong cuchnc gray,
Whofe note full many a man doth mark.
And dares not anlwcr, nay. Sijkeffiare.

Take heed, have open eye j for thieves do foot
by night,
Take heed ere fufflmer comes, or cuckoo birds af-
fright. Shakffpeare.
I deduce.
From the firft note the hollow cuckoo fings,
The fymphony of fpring j and touch a theme
Unknown to fame, the pafiion of the grove.

'Thonijvn.

2. It is a name of contempt.

Why, what a rafcal art thou, then, to praife him
fo for running ! A-horfcback, ye cuckoo \—.

but a-foot, he will not budge a foot.

Stakc/fearc's Henry IV.
Cu'ckOO-bud. "in./, [cardaminus ,

Cu'cKOO-FLOwBR. J Lat.] The name
of "a flower.

When daizies pied, and violets blue.
And cuckoo-buds of yellow hue,
Do paint the meadows much bedight. Stakt-fpcare,

Nettles, cuckoO'Jli^vcrif
Darnel, and all the idle weeds. Sbak. King Lear.

Cu'cKOO-spiTTLE. «./ [^cuckoo &ni./pit-

■ //c]

Cuckoo./jf>itllc, or viooikirc, is that fpumous dew
or exudation, or both, found upon plants, efpe-
cially about the joints of lavcndar and rofcmary ;
obfcrvabic with us about the latter end of May.

Broivni Vulgar Err:uri.

Cu'cuLLATE. \ac/J. [cuiii/la/iti, hooded,
Cu'cuLLATED. 5 Latin.]

1. Hooded; covered as with a hood or
cowl.

2. Having the refemblance or fliape of a
hood.

They are differently cueultattd, and capuchcd

upon the head and back. Brown i Vulgar Errours.

Cu'cuMBER. n./. [cucumis, Latin.] The

name of a plant, and alfoof the fruit of

that plant.

It hath a riower confining of one IJngle leaf, bell
{haped, and expanded toward the top, and cut into
many fcgments ; of which fonie are male, or bar-
ren, having no embryo, but only a large Itylc in
the middle, charged with iVit farina; others'are
female, or fruitful^ being falUaed to an cmb.yu.

CU D

which !s jfterwar Js changed into a fljfliy fruit, for
the mod part oblong and turbinated, which is
divided into three or (oar cells, incloiin^ many ob-
long feeds. The fpecics are, i. The common cu-
cumber. 2. The white cocumber. 3. The long.
Turky cucumber. Miller.

How CU. urnbcrt along the furface creep,
With crooked bodies and with bcllif s derp.

Dryden'i Virgil.

CUCURBITA'CKOUS. aJj. [fr«m cutur-
bita, Latin, a gourd.]

Cucurbilaceoui plants are thofc which referable
a gourd ; fuch as the punipion and melon.

Cbanthers,

Cu'cURBiTE. «. f. [cucuriit/t, Latin.]
A chymical veflel, commonly called a^
body, made of earth or glaf , in the (hape
of a gourd, and therefore called cncur-
bite. ^uiiicy.

1 have, for curiofity's fak'?, dinilled quickfilver
in a cucurbite, fitted with a c<p:.eii;us glafs head.
Boyle on Colours^
Let common yellow fulphur be put into a cu-
curbite glafs, apon which pour the Urongcfl a^ua
fortls. Mortimer^

CUD. n.f. [cub, Saxon.] That food which
is repofited in the firft ftomach in order
to rumination, or to be chewed again.

Many times, when my mafter's cattle came
hither to chew their cud in this frefli place, I might
fee the young bull teftify his love. Sidtiiy,

You range the pathlcfs wood.
While on a flow'ry bank he chews the cud. Dryd,

Cu'dden. \«./. [without etymology.] A
Cu'ddy. J clown; a ilupid ruftick ; a
low dolt : a low bad word.

The flavering cudden, propp'd upon his ftaff.
Stood ready gaping with a grinning laugh. Dry Jen.

To Cu'ddle. v. n. [a low word, I be-
lieve, without etymology.] To lie clofe ;
tofquat.

Have you mark'd a partridge quake.
Viewing the tow'ring falcon nigh ?

She cuddles low behind the brake ;
Nor would /he ftay, nor dares Jhe fly. Prlcr»

CtTDGEL. «. / [kuc/ff, Dutch.]

1. A ftick to firike with, lighter than a
club, fhorter than a pole.

Vine twigs, while they arc green, are'brittle; yet
the wood, dried, is extreme tough ; and was ufed
by thecapuins of armies, amongft the Romans, for
their cudgels. Bacon.

Do not provoke the rage of i>ones
And cudgels to thy hide and bones :
Tremble and vani.*.. Hudibras.

The afs was quickly given to underlland, with a
good cudgel, the difference betwixt the one playfel-
low and the other. L'Eflrangc.

His furly officer ne'er fail'd to crack
His knotty cudgel on his tougher back.

Dryden's Ju-venaU
This, if well reflcified on, would make people
more wary in the ufe of the rod and the cudgel.

Locke.
The wife Cornelius was convinced, that thefe,
being polemical arts, could no more be learned
alone than fencing or cudgcl-^\i^\ ng.

Aibuibntt and Pcpe.

2. To crofs tht Cudgels, is to forbear the
contell, from the praftice of cudgel-
players to lay one over the other.

It is much better to giv,: wjy, than it would
be to contend at firrt, and then either to crtjs the
cudgels, or to be bathed in the conclufion. L'Efr.

7"o Cu'dcel. 'V. a. [from the noun.]
I. To beat with a ftick.

My lord, he (peaks mod vilely of you, like a
foul-mouthed man as he is ; and faid he would
cuJgelyou. Sbake/f. Henry IV .

The afs courting bis mafter, juft as the (paniel
had ioM, iiiftead of being itrokcd and made much

of.

.C U F

■of, is only rated off and cuJgctltd lot all hb court-
■fliip. .'^-?'*-

Three duels he fought, thrice ventur'd h;i liic ;
Went home, and was cudgtU'd again by his «ile.

Swift.

2. To beat in general.

Cudgel thy brains no more about it ; for your
dull afs will not mend Ws pace with beating.

Sbakcfpeare t Hatr.kt.

A good woman happened to pais by, as a com-
pany ol'young fellows were tudgdlirt^ i walnut-trei*,
and a(ked them what they did that (or. VEflran.

Cudgel-proof, adj. Able to refill a
Hick.

His doublet was of (hirdy buff,
And though not fword, yet cu(ige/-f>r^f, HvJihrjs.

Cu'dle. a./. A fmall fea-Zilh.

Of round li/h there are britt, fprat, cudlet, eels.

Cjrczc,

Cu'dweed. «./. [from cuJ ind lueei/.] A
plant. MiiLr.

•Cue. n./. [queue, a tail, French.]

1. The tail or end of any thing ; as, the
long corl of a wig.

2. The lad word of a fpeech, which the
player, who is to anfwer, catches, and
regards as intiijffatioa to begin.

Pyramus, you begin : when you have fpyken
your Ifcech, enter into th<it brake ; and fo every
one according to h's euf.

Sbtikifl^tarc^i MiifumTncr Night^s Dffairt'

3. A hint; an intimacioii; a (liorc direc-
tion.

What's Hecuba to him, or he to Hecuba,
That he fhould weep for her ? What would he do.
Had he the motive and the cue for pailion
That I have ? Ne would drown the Aage with tears.

Shjkefpsarf.
IM him know how many fervants there arc, of
both fexes, who exped vails ; and give them their
tue to attend in two lino, as lie leaves the houfe.

Suif:.

if.. The part which any man is to play in
his turn.

Hold your bands,
Both you of my inclining, and the refl :
Were it my cue to fight, I Ihould have known it
Without a prompter. Shiikrff care's Oihe'h.

Neither is Otto here a much more taking gen-
tleman: nothing appears in his cue to move pity,
or any way make the audience of his party.

Rymer'i Tragedies if the Ufi Age.

5. Humour; temper of mind : a low word.

CUE'RPO. n. f. [Spanilh.] To be in
cuerpo, is to be without the upper coat
or cloke, fo as to difcover the true ihape
of the cuerpo or body.

Expos*d in cuerpo to tlietr rage,
Without my arms and equipage. lludibrm.

CUFF, n /. [xuja, a battle ; zujfare, to

fight, Ital.]
I. A blow with the fift ; a box; aftroke.

The prieft let fall the book.
And 1! he ftoop'd again to take it up,
The mad-brain'd bridegroom took him fuch atfttjf,
Th^t down fell priell and book, and book and
pricft. Shakcfpeare.

There was no money bid for argument, unlcfs
the poet and the pl.^->ct went to cu^t in the qucf-
tion. iihaitjpearc.

He gave her a ci/jf on the ear, and Ihe wouIJ
prick him with her Knitting-needle.

Aibuihnit'i J<,hn Bull.

Their own fefts, which now lie dormant, would

be (Don at cuffi main .wllb each other about pover

and preferment. H-wift.

8. It is ufed of birds that fight with tlitir

talons.
To CuKF. "v. n. [from the noun.] lo

fight ; to fcullic.

C U L

Clapp'ns forces afled by the court.
While the peers cuff to make the rabble fport.

Drydcn'i Juvenal.
To Cuff. •:;. a.

1. To ftrike with the fid.

VI! after him again, and beat him* '

Do, cuff him foundly ; but Sever draw thy

fword . Shakefpcare.

Were not you, my friend, abufcd, and cuffed, and
kicked ? ' Congri'^e's Old Bachelor.

2. To ftrike with the talons.

Thofe lary owls, who, perch'd near fortune's top.
Sit only watchful with their heavy witw.s
To cuffiovin ncw-flcdg'd virtues, that would rife
To nobler heights, and make the gruvc harmoni-
ous. Ot'^vjy.

The daftard cravi, that to the wood made wing,
With her loud kaws her craven kiiiH does bring,
Who, fate in numbers, cuff the noble faijd. Drydcn.

They with their quills did all the hurt they cou'd,
And cuff'd the tender chickens from their food.

Drydcn.

3. To ftrike with the wings. This feems
improper.

Hov'ring aboyt the coaft, they make their moan.
And cuff\ht difls with pinions not their own.

Drydens ^ncid.

Cuff. n. /. [coeji, French.] Part of the
fleeve.

He railed at fops ; and, in<tead of the common
fathion, he woull vifit his miilrefs in a morning
giwn, band, ihort ivj^'i, and a peaked beard.

Arbuihntt.

Cui'-SAGE. n. f. The making up of twine
into fuch forms, as it is commotily fram-
ed into for carriage to other places.

Convell.
CU'IRASS. »./ [cttlraffe, Fr. from culr,
leather ; coraccio, Ital.] A breaftplate.

The lance purfucd the voice without delay.
And pierc'd his cuiraft, with fuch fury fcnr.
And lign'd his bofom with a purple dint. Dryden.

Cuira'ssier. n.f. [fiom cuirafs.'] A man
at arms ; a foldier in armoor.

The field, all iron, call a gleaming brown.
Nor wanted clouds of foot, nor on each horn
Cuirafftirs, all in Heel, for Handing fight.

Milfn.

The pifturc of St. George, wherein he is dc-
fcribcd like a cuiraffer, or horfemaa completely
armed, is rather a Symbolical image than any pro-
per figure. Brcnurt't Vulgar Errours.

CuiSH. n.f. [cuijfe, French.] The armour
that covers the thighs.

1 faw young Harry, with his beaver on.
His cuipet on his thighs, gall mtly ^rm'J,
Rife from the ground like a fcather'd Mercury.

Shuhcfpearel Henry IV.
The croHet fome, and fomc tlie cufan mould.
With filver placed, aad with dudlile gold.

Drydcn s Mr.eid.

But what had our author to wound y^incas with

at lb critical a time ? And how came the cuijhcs

to be worfe tempered than the relt of his armour ?

Drydfn.

Cu'ldees. n.f. [colidei, Lat.] Monks
in Scotland.

Cu'lerace. n.f. The fame plant with
ArsS-smart. Ainf-ucoi-th.

Cu'linarv. adj. [culina, Latin.] Re-
lating to the kitchen ; relating to the
art of cookery.

Cieat weight may condenfe thofe vapours and
exhalationi, a^ foon as thev ihall at any time begin
tp afcend from the fun, and make them prefently
fall back again into him, and by tliar adion in-
Cfcafc his heat j mudi after the manner tliar, in
our' earth, the air incteales the h:at of a culinary
fi\K. Ki'W*on.

To thofe who, by reafon of their northern
cxpofiti^O) will be Hill farced tu be at the cxpcnce

c y L

of culinary fires, it will reduce the price of i':.'f
manut'adture. Arbuti.r.-r

To CULL. v. a. {cueilllr, French.] Ta
feleft from others ; to pick out of many.

The bell: of every thing they had being culled out
for themfelves, if there were in their tiocks any
poor difcafed thing not w;orth the keeping, they
thought it good enough for the altar of God.

Hooker.
Our engines (hall be bent
Agalnft the brows of this refilting town ;
Call for our chiefclt men of difcijUine,
To cull the plots of bell advantage. Shak. K. John,

Like the bee, culling from ev'ry flow'r.
Our thighs arc packt with wax, our mourhs with
honey. Shakefpcan,

I do remember an apothecary
In tattcr'd weeds, with overwhelming brows,
Cullirg of fimples. Shakrfpcare's Romeo and Juliet.

Then in a moment fortune fliail cull forth,
Outof one fide, her happy minion. Shak. K. John.
The choiceft of the Eritifli, the Roman, Saxon,
and Norman laws, being culled, as it were, this
grand cliaitcr was extracted.

Ho^vel's Parity of Beafls.
When falfe flow'rs of rhetorick thou would ft
cull,
Truft natut«, do not labour to be dull. Drydcn,

From his herd he culls.
For flaughter, four tlic faireft of his bulls.

Dtydins Virgil,
When the current pieces of the (ame denf mi-
nation are of different weights, then the traders
in money cuU out the heavier, and melt them dtnvri
with profit, Lo^tc.

With humble duty, and officious hafte,
I'll cull the farthcfl mead for thy repaft, Priyr,

The \aiious off'rings of the world appear:
From each Hie nicely culls with curious toil,
And decks the godJefs with the glitt'ring fpcil.

Prfe.

Cu'ller. n.f. [from «//.] One wiio

picks or choofes.
CU'LLION. »./ [coglioiK, a fool, It.al. or
perhaps from fculUon. It fecms to im-
port meannefs rather than foJly.] A
icoundrcl ; a mean wretch.

Such a one as leaves a gentleman,
And makes a god of fuch a rallicn.

Shakcfpeare's Taming cf the Shrettf.
Up to the breach, you dogs j avaunt, ynitcullions.

SI aUJpcait.

Cu'llionly. «(^'. [from f«///on.] Hav.
ing the qualities of a cullion ; mean ;
bafe.

I'll make a fop 0' th' moonfljlne of you : you
whorelon, culliinly, barber-monger, draw.

Shakefpeare' s King Lear.

Cu'llumbine. n./. [more properly fpelt
Columbine.] The flowers of this
plant arc beautifully variegated' with
blue, purple, red, and white. Miller.

Her goodly bofom, like a ftrawbirry bed;
Her neck, like to a bunch of cullumiines. Spenfer.

CU'LLY. ft.f. [eogflcue, Ital. a fool.] A
man deceived or impofefi, upon ; as by
(harpers, or a ilrumpet.

Why fliould you, v/hofe mother-wits
Arc furniih'J with all perquilites,
B' ailow'd to put all tricks upon
Our cully fex, atid we ufe nor.e ? Iludihras.

Yet the rich cullies may their heading fpare : >
They purchafe but fophillicated v>'3:x'. ■ Drydcn.
He takea it in mighty dudgeon, I)i*caufc 1 w )n'c
let him make me over by deed a'_ \\\^ iawfulVi///}'.

jlrl'Ulbnct,

To Cu'lly. t.'. a. [from the noun.] To
befool ; to cheat ; to trick ; to deceive ;
to impofe upon.

Culm i'ferovs. ailj. [aifmus and fere,
Latin.]

3 M Z Culmifeicus

C U L

C U L

CUM

Culm'ifcnui plants are fuch as haTe t fmooth
jo'mtcd ftalk, and ufually hoUow ; and at each
joint the flalk ia wrapped about with fingle, nar-
row, long, Ihaip (oinled leaves, and their feeds are
contained in cliafly hulks. Slu'mcy.

There are alfo feveral forts of grafles, both of
the Cyprus and ailmffrcut kinds ; fome with
broader, oihei« with narrower leaves.

lyuuiivard on FoJiU.
The propereft food of the vegetable kingdom
It taken ftom the farinaceous or mealy feeds of
fome culmlftnat plants ; as oats, barley, wheat,
rice, r>e, maize, panic, miller. /Irbaibno!.

To CU'LMINATE. -v. n. [culmen, Lat.]
To be vertical ; to be in the meridian.

Far and wide hie eye commands :
For fight no obftjcle found here, cr Ibad^,
But all fun/hine \ as when his beams at noon
Cjim'matt from th' equator. Mihcn'i Parad\fe Lajl.
CtJLMiN a'tion. rt. /. [from culminati.']
The transit of a planet through the me-
ridian,
Culpabi'lity. n. /. [from cu.'palk.]

Blameablenefs.
CU'LPABLE. c<i)'. {culpabilit, Latin.]

1. Criminal.

Proceed no ftralter 'gainft our uncle Glo'fter,
Than from true evidence of good eileem
He be approv'd in praAice luJfat/c, Stat- lien- VI.

2. Guilty : with o/.

Thtfe being p-rhaps culpable of this crime, or
favourers of their friends. Sferijtri State nf Ircl.

3. Blameable ; blameworthy.

The wifdom of God fetlcth belore us in Saipturc
fa many admirable patterns of virtue, and no one
of them without fomewhat noted wherein they
were culfaklt ; to the end that to Him alone it
might always be acknowledged, Tica only art holy,
Tixu only art jufi. Honker.

All fuch ignorance is voluntary, and therefore
culfatle ; foralmuch as it was in every man's power
to have prevented it. Souib.

Cu'lpableness. n. /. [from culpable.']

Blame ; guilt.
Cu'i-PABMT. adv. [from culpable'] Blame-
ably ; criminally.
If wc p-iform this duty pitifully and culfably, it
Js not to be cxpefied ue Ihould communicate hrlily.

Taykr.

Ctj'tPRiT. »./. [About this word there
is great difpute. It is ufed by the judge
at criminal trials, who, when the pri-
foner declares himfelf not guilty, and
puts himfelf upon his trial, anfwers.
Culprit, God fend thee a good deli'verance.
It is likely that it is a corruption of
^'il parcit, may it fe appear \ the wi(h
of the judge being that the prifoner
may be found innocent.] A man ar-
raigned before his judge.

The knight appear'J, and iticnce they proclaim ,
Then fird the tulf,rii anfvuct'd to his namcj

fiai, after forms of 1 w, was laft requir'd
Tonan.ethe*C<irgihu w.'min mortdefir'd. Dryd.

An autUi^r is jn the condition of a rtt'^nV j the
jiublick are his judges*, by allowing too much, and
tun Jcleending tt o fa-, he may injure his own caufe ;
and, by picadirg an4.aflefting too boldly, he may
di''plc.f'-- the C' urt. Prlu'i Prface to Sekmott.

Ci/'lte R. »./. [<-«//fr, Latin.] The iron
of the plough perpendicular to the Ihare.
It is commonly wiilten coulter.

Her fallow Ires
Tl.e darnel, hemlock, and rank fumitory,
D>»*h loor upon ; while that the eu/tcr rufti
That (houlii deracinate fuch lav^gery.

Sl^itfj^eare^i Hmry'V.

r» CU'LTIVATE. -v. a. [cutti-ver, Ft.]
I. To forward or improve the produfl of
the earth by manual induftry.

Thofe excellent feeds implanted in your birth,
will, \( cultivated, be moft flourilhing in produc-
tion ; and, as the foil is good, and no coll nor care
wanting to improve it, we muft entertain hopes of
the richeft harveft. Felton en the Clajfuki.

8. To improve ; to meliorate.

Were we but Icfs indulgent to our faults,
And patience had to eullivate our thoughts.
Our mufe would flourilh. Waller.

To make man mild and fociable to man.
To cultivate the wild licentious favage
With wifdom, difcipline, and liberal arts,
Th' embellifliments of life. Addifen't Calo.

Cult IV a'tion. n.f. [from cultivate.]

1. The art or praftice of improving foils,
and forwarding or meliorating vegeta-
bles.

2. Improvement in general ; promotion ;
melioration.

An inn.itc light difcovers the common noiions
of good and evil, which, by euliivaticn and im-
provement, may be advanced to higher and brighter
difcoveries. South.

A foundation of good fenfc, and a cultivation of
learning, are required to give a feafoning to retire-
ment, and make us tafte the blefling. Dryden.

Cultiva'tor. »./ [from culii'vate.] One
who improves, promotes, or meliorates ;
or endeavours to forward any vegetable
produft, or any thing elfe capable of
improvement.

It has been lately complained of, by fome cul-
thvatori of clover grafs, that from a great quant; ty
of the feed not any grafs fprings up. Boyle.

CU'LTURE. n.f. [cultura, Latin.]

1. The aft of cultivation ; the aft of tilling
the ground ; tillage.

Give us feed unto our heart, and culture to our
underftanding, that there may come fruit of it.

a. EJdrai, viii. 6.

Thefe three laft were flower than the ordinary
wheat of itl'elf, and this culture did rather retard
than advance. Bacon.

The plough was not invented till after the de-
lude ; the earth requiring little or no care or cul
turc, but yielding its increafe freely, and without
labour and toil. ffood-ward.

Where grows .'—Where grows it not ? If vain
our toil.
We ou^ht to blame the culture, not the foil.
Fix'd to no fpot is happihcfs fincerc. Pope.

They rofe as vigorous as the fun ;
Then to the culture of the willing glebe. Thomjon.

2. Art of improvement and melioration.

One might wear any patlion out of a family by
culture, as (kilful g.irdcncrs blot a colour out of d
tulip that hurts its beauty. Tatler.

To Cu'ltur e. f. a. [from the noun.] To
cultivate ; to manure ; to till. It is ufed
by Thomfon, but without authority.
Cu LVER. i:.f. [columha, Lat. cul):jie,Sax.]
A pigeon. An old word.

Had he fo done, he had him fnatch'd away,
Mure light than culver in the frulcon's iift. Sj-enfcr.

Whence, jorne on liquid wing,
The founding culver (boots. 'jhomfont Spring.

Cu'lvkrin. n.f. [colowvrine , French.]
A fpccies of ordnance : originally a
hawk.

A whole cannon requires, for every charge, forty
pounds of powder, and a bullet of fixty - ffiur
pounds; aculverin, fixtecn pounds of powder, and
a bullet of nineteen pounds j a dctn'i'culverin, nine
pounds of powder, and a bullet of twelve pounds.
Ifilkins't Maib. Magic.

Here • well polilh'd mall gives us the jny
To fee our prince his matchlefs force employ :
No fooner has he touch'd the fiying ball,
But 'tis already more than half the mall ;
And I'uch a fury from his arm 't has got.
As AoB> a fmoaking cuhcna 'twere flioti IValler.

Cu'lterkey. n.f. A flower.

Looking down the meadows I could fee a pA
cropping culverkr/t and cowflips, to make gar-
lands. Walton'i Angler.

To CU'MBER. f. a. [kommeren, iombereii,
to difturb, Dutch.]

1 . To embarrafs ; to entangle ; to obftruft.
why alks he what avaiis him not in fight,

And would but eumter and retard his flight.
In which his only excellence is plac'd ?
You give him death, that intercept his hafte.

Dryden's Fablel,

Hardly his head the plunging pilot rears,
Clogg'd with his doaths, and cumber'd with his
years. Dryden,

The learning and maftery of a tongue, being
uneafy and unpleafant enough in itfelf, Ihould not
be cumbered with any other difficulties, as is done
in this way of proceeding. Lcctr.

2. To crowd or load with fomething ufe-
lefs.

Let it not cumber your better remembrance.

Sbekrfpeare' s Timoru

The multiplying variety of arguments, efpecially
frivolous ones, is not only loft laboury- but cumbert
the memory to no purpofc. hocke,

3. 7'o involve in diiEcuIties and dangers ;
td diftrefs.

Domeftick fury, and fierce civil ftrife,
Shall curr.ber all the p.irts of Italy.

Shakeffeare'i Julius Cajar.

4. To bufy ; to diftraft with multiplicity
of cares.

M.irtha was cumbered about much ferving. Ltike,

5 . To be troublefome in any place.

Doth the bramble cumber a garden ? It makes
the better hedge ; where, if it chances to in .:1c
the owner, it will tear the thief. Graves Cjfmologia,

Cu'mber. n.f. [komber, Dutch.] Vexa-
tion ; burdenfomenefs ; embarraifment ;
obilruftion ; hindrance ; dillurbance ;
diftrefs.

By the occafion thereof I was broug'.it to as great
cumber and danger, as lightly any might efcape-

Sidmy.
Thus fade thy helps, and thus thy cumbert fpring.

Sferjcr,

The grcateft (hips are leaft fcrviceable, go very

deep in water, are of marvellous charge and fearful

cuntbcr, Raleigbm

Cu'mbersome. «^'. [from cumber.]

1 . Troublefome ; vexatious.

Thinking it too early, as long as they had any
day, to break off fo pleifing a company, with
going to perform a cumbrrf^me obedience. Sidney,

2. Burdenfome ; embarraflJng.

I was drawn in to write the tirit part by acci-
dent, and to write tht fecond by fome dtfcfts in
the firft ! thefe are the cumberfome perquifites of
authors. Arbuthn.'t on Alimcrti,

3. Uuwieldy ; unmanageable.

Very long tubes arc cumberfome, and fcarce to be
reaJily managed. iVncren i O^ticli,

Cu'mbersomely. adv. [from cumber-
fome.] In a troublefome manner; in a
manner that produces hindrance and
vexation.
Cu'mbersomekess. n.f. [from rxon^/r-
fome.] Encumbrance; hindrance; ob-
liruftion.
Cu'mbrance. n. f. [from camber.]
Burden ; hindrance ; impediment.

Extol not riches then, the toil of J'ools,
The wife man's cutnbrance, if not fnare ; more apt
To fiacken virtue, and abate her edge,
Than prompt her to do aught may merit pralfe.

Milton,

Cu'mbrous. adj. [from r»»j^iT.]

I. Troublefome; vexaiioasj difturbing.

A (loud

C U N

A cloud a( cumbrous gnats do him moleft,
All driving to infix their feeble ftingSi
That from their noy^tnc: he no where can relli

S^nfer»

2. Oppreflive ; burdenfome.

Hencefojth 1 fly not death, nor would prolong
Life much ! Bent rather, how I maybe quit,
T"aireft and eafiefl-, of this cumbrcui charge. Milturt,

They rear'd him from the ground,
And from his cumiroua arms his limbs unbound ;
Then lanc'd a vein. Drydtn,

PolTc/Tion's load was grown fo great.
He funk beneath the iumhrcus weight. Swift,

3. Jumbleci ; obftrufting each other.

Swift to their feveral quarters hafted then
The f aasirsHi elements, earth, flood, air, fire. Mi/t.
Cu'mprey. n.f. [con/clida.] A medicinal

part.
Cu'MiN.w.yl [c«/8/n»/n, Latin.] A plant.

MJlIer.
Rank fmelung rue, and aimin good for eyes.

Sfenfer,

To CU'MUL.^TE. V. a. {cumulo. Latin.]
To heap together.

A man that beholds the mighty (hoals of /hells,
bedded and cvmuhucjy heap upon heap amongft
earth, will fcarcely conceive which way thefe could
ever live. ffooJiverJ,

Cumula'tion. »./ The aft of heaping
together. bu9.

Cukcta'tion. ». /. [cunilatit, Latin.]
Delay ; procrallination ; dilatorineis.

It Is moft certain, that the Englifli made not
their beft improvements of thefe fortunate events;
and that efpecially by two miferable errour , cunc-
larion in profecuting, and hafte in departure.

Uaywani,

The fwifteil animal, conjoined *ith a heavy
body, implies that common mor j1, /^fli;u /tnie;
and that celerity fhould always be contempered
with cuti£la:hn, Broivn*

CUNCTJ-rOR. n.f. [Lat.] One given
to delay ; a lingerer; an idler; a flug-
gard. Not in ufe.

Others, bei.ig unwi:iing to difcourage fuch cunc-
tateri, always keep them up in good hope, that, if
they are not yet cal'ed, they mjy yet, with the
thief, be brought in at the iafl hiur.

Hamm;r.ds FunJamtntals.
To CuND. <v. n. [from konnea, to know,
Dutch.] To give notice : a provincial
or obfolete word. See Con d e r.

They are dircifted by a bjiker or huer on the
cliff, who, difceming the*couifc of the pilchard,
lundtih, as they call it, the mjftcr of each boat.

Carno's Survty t>f CtrKvuall.

CU'NEAL. adj. [ciinius, Latin.] Relat-
ing 10 a weifge; having the form of a
wedge.

Gu'neated. a'fj. [(•»««», Latin.] Made
in form of a wedge.

Cu'meiform. aJj. [from cuneus :mA for-
ma, Lat. ] Having the form of a wedge.

Cuneiform bones, n.f. The fourth,
fifth, and fixth bones of the foot ; thus
called from their wedga-Iike (hape, be-
ing large above and narrow below. Di<^.

Cu'nner. n.f. [/{fas.] A kind of fi(h
lefs than an oyfler, that fticks clofe to
the rocks. Ji/fivort/b.

CU'NNING. ai/J. [from connan, Saxon;
ionnen, Dut. to know."]

1. Skilful; knowing; well inftruaed ;
learned.

Schtolmaflera will I keep within my houfe,
Fit to inllruil her youth — 'Jo cunning men
1 will be very kind ; and libeial
To mine own children, io good bringing ap, Sbai.

CUP

I do preftnt you with a man of mine,

Cunning in mufick and the mathcmaticks.

To inftruQ her fully in thofe fciences. Shaicjp.

Wherein is he good, but to tafte fick and drinl
it ? Wherein cunning, but in craft ? Whercif
crafty, but in villainy ? Shairfpeare's Henry IV.

Send me now therefore a man cunning to woiii
jn gold and in filver, and that can /kiU to cut and
to grave. 2 Chronicles.^

When Pedro docs the lute command.
She guides tiK cunning arcift's hand. Prior.

2. Performed with flcill ; artful.

And over them Arachnc high did lift
Her cunn'rg web, and fpiead her fubtile net,
Enwrapped in foul fmoak, and cloudii more black
than jet. Sfenjcr.

And there befide of marble ftone was built
An altar, carv'd with tunning imageiy ;

On which true Chriftians blood was often fpilt,
And holy martyrs often done Co die. Sfenfcr.

Once put out thy light.
Thou cunnir.g'Ji pattern of excelling nature,
I know not where is that Promethean heat
That can thy light relumine. Sbaktjptares OibeUc.

3. Artfully deceitful ; fly ; defigning ;
trickilh ; full of fetches and llrata-
gems ; fubtle"; crafty ; fubdolous.

Thefe fmail wares and petty points of cunning
are infinite, and it were a good deed to make a
lift of them ; for nothing doth more hurt thjn
that cunning men pafs for wife. Bacon.

Men will leave truth and mifery to fuch as love
it ; they are refolved to be cunning : let others run
the hazard of being fincere. South.

4. Afted with fubtilty.

The more he protefted, the more his father
thought he dilTemblcd, accounting his integrity to
be but a cunning face of falfehood, Sidney.

Cu'nning. n.f. [cunnmje, Saxon.]

1. Artifice ; deceit ; flinefs ; fleight ;
craft ; fubtilty ; diflimulation ; fraudu-
lent dexterity.

What if I be not fo much the poet, as even that
miferable fubje£l of his cuttmng, whereof you
fpeak ? Sidney.

We take canning for a finifter or crooked wif.
dom; and certainly there is great dilTerence be-
tween a cunning man and a wife man, not only in
point of honelly, but in point of ability. Sii.on.

Difcourage cunnhg in a child ; cunning is the
apcofwifdom. Lnke.

2. Art; Ikill 5 knowledge; right-hand
cunning.

Cu'nninglv, ae/'v. [from cunning."] Art-
fully ; flily ; fubtilely ; by fraudulent
con.rivance ; craftily.

Amongll other crimes of this nature, there was
diligent enquiry made of fuch as had raifed and
dii'^cifcj a bruit and rumour, a little t)cfo:e the
field fought, that the rebels had the day, and that
the king's army was overthrown, and the kin^
fled ; wheieby it was fuppofed, that many fuccouis
were cunnirg'y put off and kept back.

Bacon's Henry VII.

I muft meet my danger, and deftroy him firft ;

But cunningly and elcfcly. Denham's Sofhy.

When (lock is high, they come between.
Making by fecor.d hand their offers;

Then cunningly retire unfecii.
With each a mllion in his coffers. Sivift.

Cu'n n 1 n c m a n . n.f. [cunning and man.]
A man who pretends to tell fortunes,
or [each how to recover ftolen goods.
He lent him for a llropg detachment
Of bejJIc, conflable, and watchmen,
T' attack the cunningmurt, for plunder
Committed falfely on his lumber. Hudibras.
Cu'nningij.ess. n. f. [ from cunning. ]

Deceitfulnefs ; flinefs.
CUP. n. f. [cup. Sax. hop, Dut. coufe,

French.]
I . A fmail velTcl to drink in«

CUP

Thou (halt deliver Pharaoh's cup Into his hand'
after the former manner when thou waft his butler'

Gcnefis'
Ye hcav'niy pow'rs, that guard
The Britilh iOes, fuch dire events remove
Far from fair Albion ; nor let civil broils
Ferment from fociai cups. Philips*

2. The liquor contained in the cup ; the
draught.

Which when the vile cnchanterefs perceiv'd.
With cup thus charm'd imparting (he deceiv'd,

Spcnjcr*
All friends Ihall tafte
The wages of their virtue, and all foes
The cups of their defervings. Shakefp. King Lear,
Will 't pleafc your iordlhip, drink a cup of fack ?

Sbakefpearcm
They that never had the ufe
Of the grape's furprlfing juice.
To- the firft delicious cup
All their reafon render up. Waller^

The beft, the deareft fav'rite of the /ky
Muft tafte that cup ; for man is born to die.

Pope's Odyffey,

3. [In the plural.] Social entertainment ;
merry bout.

Then /hall our names,
Familiar in their mouth as houfehold words.
Be in their flowing cups freflily remember'd.

Sbakefpeare's Henry V,

Let us fuppofe that I were reafoning, as one
friend with another, by the fircfide, or in our cups,
without care, without any great affcftion to either
party. Knolles.

It was near a miracle to fee an old man filent,
fince talking is the difeafc of age ; but, amonglt
lupt, makes fully a wonder. Ben jonjon's Dijccj^

Thence from cups to civil broils ! Mihon.

Amidll his cups with fainting fliiv'ring fciz'd.
His limbs disjointed, and all o'er difeas'd.
His hand refufes to fuftain the bowl.

Diydrn's Perjias*

4. Any thing hollow like a cup : as, the
hulk of an acorn ; the bell of a flower.

A pyrites of the fame colour and fliiipe placed
in the cavity of another of an hemifpherick figure,
in much die fame maimer as an acorn in its cup.
JVoodiuard en Fofjils*

5. Cvfai/tlCan, Familiar companions.
The can is the large veflel oi'.r of which,
the cufi is filled, and to which it is si
conllant aflbciate.

You bcafting tell us where you din'd.
And how his lordfhip was fo kind ;
Sivear he 's a moft facetious man ;
That you and he are cup and can :
You travel with a heavy load,
And quite miftake preferment's road. Siuijt,

6. [cauper, French, to fcarify.] A glafs
to draw the blood in fcarification.

Hippocrates tells >ou, that in applying of cups^
the fcarification ought to be made with crooked
inftrumcnts. Arlutbnot.

To Cup. t. a. [from the noun.]

1. To fupply with cups. This fenfe is ob-
folete.

Plumpy Hacchus, with pink eyne.
In thy vats our' cares be drown'd ;
With thy giapcs our hairs be crown'd !
Cup us, till the world go round.

Sbakefpeare's Jlnlotty and Cleopatra,

2. [couper, to cut, Fr.] To fix a glafs
bell or cucurbite upon the (kin, to draw
the blood in fcarification. .

The clotted blood lies heavy on his heart,
Corrupts, and there remains in fpite of art !
Nor breathing veins nor cupping will prevail ;
All outward remedies and inward fail. Dryd. Fab.

You have quartered all the foul language upon
me, that could be raked out of the air of Billingf-
gatc, without knowing who I am, or whether I
defcive to be cupped aad fcarified at this rate.

Spedalor,
Bhiierin^

CUR

C U R

CUR

Bliiterint. caffini, and bUrJinf, are feldsm of
ufe but to lite iaU and intunpcrate.

MJifon'i SptSltlor,

Mim the duniii'd doftort and his friends im-

mur'd \

They bl«d, they «/f V, they poig'J ; in fliort they

cur"d. Btfe,

Cvpbb'arer. tl./.

1. An officer of the king's houfehold.

There is conveyed to Mr. Villicrs an intima-
tion of the king's pleafure to wait and to be fworii
his fervant, and Oiortly after his cufhtarer at
Jargc ; and the fummer fcUowing be was admitted
in ordinary. Wott<m.

2. An attendant to give wine at a feail.

This vine was laid to be given to Tros, the fa-
ther ol' Priam, by Jupiter, as a recompence tor his
carrying away his fon Oanynwde to b< his <vf-
tusTtr* ' Brnomt,

Cu'pBOARD. n.f. [cup, and bopb, a cafe
or receptacle, Saxon. ] A cafe with
llielves, in which visuals or earthen
ware is placed.

Some tt«« aie beft for planchers, as deal ; fome
for tables, cuphfiardi, and dflks, as walnut.

Bacon i ?vat:irai iit/lcry\
Codrus had but one bed ; (o ibort, to boot.
That his ihort wife's ihort Ugs hung dangling out :
His ckfioarj'i head fix earthen pitchers grac'd,
Beacaih thera was bis trufty tankard pUc'd.

Dij Jin'i Juveva!.
Yet their wine and their viftuals thcfe curmuJ-
geon-lubbards
Lock up from my fight, in cellars aad cufhoarjs,

S-uiift.

iTe Cu'PBOAiiii. v. A. [from the noun.]
To treafure m a cupboard ; to hoard up.

The belly did remain
I* th' midft o' th' body, idle and unaftive,
StiU cupietirJirg the viand, never bearing
Like labour with the roll. ShiikeJl>iarei Coriolanut.

Ci/pi'dity. n.f. [(■«//'<///(»/, Latin.] Con-
cuplfcence ; unlawful or unreafonablel
longing. .'

CV'POLA. n.f. [Italian.] A dome; the
hemifpheric.ll fummit of a building.

Nature feems to have dctigncd the head as the
tupili to the moft glorious of her works ; and
when we load it with fupcmumcrary otnamonts,
we deftroy the fymmetry of the human figure.

Ci;'pPEL. n.f. Sec Coppel.

There be otliar b&dics fixed, as we fee in the
fluff whereof fi/^/ii/i are made, which they put into
furnaces, upon wiiicb fire wjrkcth not.

Bacon 5 JStatural Bifiory.

Cu'ppER. »./. [from f///.] One who ap-
plies cupping-glail'es ; a fcariHer.

Cuppi NC-Gi, A.«s. n.f. [from cup and
glaj's. ] A glafs ufcd by fcarificrs to
draw out the blood by rarefying the xu.

A bubu, in this cafe, ought to be drawn out-
ward by cuff'mg-glajfii, aod brought to fuppora-
tion. fKifman.

Cu'pRBOWS. adj. [cj;^rfa/, Latin.] Cop-
pery; confiding of copper.

Having, by tlie ii:tcrvcotiun of a little fal armo-
niacfc, m.id<: coj-per inflammable, I trok fome
fmall grains, and put them under the wicic nf a
burning candle : whereby they were with the
mrltcd callow fo kindled, that the green, not blue,
fiame of th- cufrmi body did burn. BiyU:

Ci'R. n.f. [/fern?, Dutch. SeeCi/RTAL.]
1 . A worthlefs degenerate dog.

•Tis a good dog.

•— A rur, Sir.

•-Sir, he "s a good dog, and a fair dog. Shaieff.

Here 's an old drudging cur turned off to fliift
for himfelf, for want of the very teeth and hicls
thai be hadloft in hii maller'jftnicc, VEfirangi.

A,fi«r n>»)r bear
The n«nn of tiger, iii'r, or whatc'er
Denotes the noWcll or the falrell beaft. DryJ,Ju-v.

2. A term of reproach for a man.

What would you have, ye curi.
That like n'>t peace nor war ? Sift'ff. dr'ahtus.
This knight had occafi.Jn to inquire the way to
St. Anne's Lanej the psrfun, whom he fpoke to,
called him a yi^ung popi/h cur, and alkcd him, who
made Anne a faint i j4,ii!ifcii.

Cu'rable. adj. [hom (ure.] That admits
a remedy ; that may be healed.

A confumption of the lungs, at the beginning,
herein differs from all other «r«i/<-difeaies, that
it is not to be worn away by change of diet, or a
cheerful I'pirit. Harvey.

A defperatc wound mud Ikilful hands employ,
But thine is curahle by Philip's boy. Dryiin% Juv,
Ct/RABLENESS. n.f. [^ftom (vrabie.']

Poflibility to be healed.
Cu'racv. n.f. {hom curate-l Employ-
ment of a curate, dillinft from a bene-
fice ; employment which a hired clergy-
man holds under the beneficiary.

They get into orders as loon as they cm, and,
if they be very fortunate, arrive in time to a cmacy
here in town. Stvifl.

CU'RATE. »./. [curator, Latin.]

1. A clerg)'man hired to perform the
duties of another.

He fpar'd no pains ; for curate he hi.1 none.
Nor durft he tri>lt another with hi«_carc. jQ/jV. F. '

2. A parifti priert.

Biibop^ and curatat and all congregations

Ccmm'^n Prfiyer.
I though^ the Englilh of nreiie had been, an

ecdcfiaftical hireling. No fuch matter; the

proper importof the word fignifics one who has the

cute of fiHils. Collifr on Pride.

Cu'rateship. ft./, [from curate.] The

fame with curacy.
Oc'rative. ac/J. [from cure.'] Relating
to the cure of difeafes ; not prefervative. ,

The therapeutick or curutlvc phjiick, we term
that which rcAorcs the patient unto fanity.

Sriiivn's Vulo'rErr^un.

There may be taken proper ufeful indications,
both prefervative and curatitie, from the qualities
of the air. ybbutbnot.

CU'RJTOR. n.f.- [Latin-]

1 . One that has the c.ire and fuperiuten-
dcnce of a.ny thing.

The cunitvs of Bediam alTurc us, that tqfW '"-
nat'rcks arc pcrfoiis of honour. Sivi/i.

2. A guardian appointed by law.

A minor cannot appear as a defendant in court,
but by his guardian and turaf-r, jtyhffci fanrg'M.

CURB, n.f [cDurhcr, to bend, French.]

1. A curb is an iron chain, made fall to
the upper part of the branches of the
bridle, in a hole called the eye, and
running over the beart} of the horfe.

Farrier's Ditfi.
The ox hath his bav^:, the horfe his eufi, and
t'.ic faulcoii hii bcUs^j h man hath his defires.

abtiie/feare's j^tyou l:h U.

So four fierce coucfem, rtarting to the race,

Seavi (brough the plain, and lengthen ev'ry pace ;

Nor rcinc, nor curii, nor threat'oing cries they

fear. Drydin.

2. Reftraint ; inhibition; oppofition ; hin-
drance. - I

The Roman fiatc, wliufe courfc will on
The way it takes, cracking ten thoufand turtt '
Of molt ftrong links al'under, tlun cm ever
Appear in your impediment. ShtUelp. Ccrioianus,

We remain
In ftrifleft bondage, though thus far remov'd.
Under th' inevitable cuih, rcferv'd
His captive multitude. Stillon'i Baradije Lfi.

7

Ky thefe men, religion, that lhautJl>e
The curi, is n;adc the fpur to tyranny.

Dinbiiis's Sofiy.

Even they, who think uu under no other tic to

the true intercft of our country, will allow this to

be an effeilualferA upon us. Atterhury.

3. A curb is a hard and callous tumour,
which runs along the infide of a horfe'j
hoof; that is, on that part of the hoof
that is oppofite to the leg of the lame
fide. Farrier's Did,

roCuRB. 1'. a. [from the noun.]
I . To guide or reltrain a horfe witn a curb.

Part wield their arms, part curb the foaming
ftecd. Milisr.,

z. To reftraln ; to inhibit ; to check ; to
confine ; to hold back.

Were not the laws planted amongS them at the
firft, and had they not governoors to curb and keep
them rtill in awe and obedience } Spettfcr on Ireland,

Then thou, the mother of fo fwcet a child,
Her faifc imagin'd lofs ceafc to lament.
And wilely learn to cvrb thy forrows wild. Milton,

If fenfe r.nd learning are fuch unfociable impe-
rious things, he ought to keep down -the growth of
his reafon, a;>d, riir^ his intell:duals.

Co.'Hcr OS Pride,

Knowing when a mufe ihnulu be indulged
In her full flight, and whe» Ihe ihould be curbed,

Hofcommcn,

At this (he curb'd a groan, that elfe had come j
And, paufiDg, vicw'd the prei'ent in the tomb.

Dryden^i Fahlcs,

Till force returns, his ardour we rcHrain,
And curb his warlike wiih to crofs the main. Dryd,

Some poor cottage on tl:e mountain's brow.
Where pinching want muft curb thy warm defires.
And houfehold care:; fupprcfs thy genial fires. Priori

Nature to all things fix'd the limits fit.
And wifely curb'd p lOud man's prctendiiig wit.

Pope.

3. Sometimes with /"roOT.

Vet you ire curb'd J rom that enlargement by
The confcquenec of the crown, ^hakefp, Cyrnbeline,

4. In the following pafTage it ^gnifies, I
think, as in French, to bend.

Though the courie of the fun be curbed between
the tropics, yet arc not thofe parts diredily fubjedt
to his perpendicular b^am^ unhabitable or ex-
tremely hot. Say,
CURD, n.f [See Crudle.] The coagu-
lation of milk ; the concretion of the
thicker parts of any liquor.

Miik of itl'elf is fuch a compound of creamy
curdi, and whey, as it is eaiily turned anddiffolveJ.

Bacon,

This n'lght, at teaft, with me forget your care j
Cheilnuts, and iurds and cream, (hall be your fare.

Drydctr,

LetSporus tremble.— What! thatthing of filk?
Sporui, that mere white curd of afs's milk ? Pope,

To Cur I), v. a. [from the noun.] To
turn to curds ; to caufe to coagulate.

Maiden, docs it curd thy Mood,
To fay I am thy mother >

Shjhj'ptart's jl.'l'l tvel! that er.ds tieU.

To C u ' r D L E . f. n. [from curd. ] To' coa-
gulate ; to ftioot together ; to concrete.

Powder of mint, and powder of red roles, keep
the niilk fomewh.it from turning or curdling in the
ftoniacii. Bacon,

Some to llie houfe,
The fold, and dairy, hungry bend their flight.
Sip round the pail, or tafle tlic cufdling cheefe.

^iKnij -ns Svtmner,

To Cu'rdle. -J. a. To caufe to coagulate ;
to force into concretions.

His changed p.wers a: firlt themfelves not felt,
Till curdled co\A his courage 'gin t' alfail. Spcri'tr.

Mixed with the futh part of a fponnful of m'ilk,
it burnt ti the fpace of one hundred pulfes, and
the milk was ennljcd. Btctn's Natural H'f.ry.

CUR

My foul IS all the fame,
ITnmovM with fear, and movM with martial fame ;
But my chill blood Is cyrdUd in my veins
And fcarce the ihadow jf a man remains.

Drydcn's l^irg':!,
Ev'n now a fatal draught works out my foul ;
Ev'n now it curdlei in my flirinkJng veins.
The lazy blood, and freezes at my heart. Smith.
There is in the fpiritof wine fome acidity, by
which brandy curdla milk. Fhfer.

Cu'rdy. ajj. [from ciird.'\ Coagulated;
concreted; full of cards; curdled.

It ditfers from a vegetable emulfion, by coagu-
lating into a curdy mafs with acids.

Arhutknot on Aiitiutits.
CURE. n.f. [cura, Latin.]
1 . Remedy ; reftorative.

This league that we have made
Will give her fadnefs very little cure ;
Brother of England, how may we content
This widow lady ? Sbekc/feare's King Jctn.

Cold, hunger, prifons, ills without a cure.
All thefe he muft, and guiltlefs oft, endure.

Drydeni Fai/es.

Now we 're ador'd, and tlic nczt hour difpleafe i
At firft your fart, and after your difeafe. Granvil/e. !

Horace advifes the Romans to feek a feat in
fome remote part, by way of a cure for the cori'u--
tion of manners. . S-uiift.

2. Aa of healing.

I do curei to-day and to-morrow. Luke, xiii. 32. !

3. The benefice or employment of a curate
or clergyman. 1

If his cure lies among the lawyers, let nothing!
fce faid againft entangling property, fpinning out
ciufei, fqueezing clients, and making the la.vs a
greater grievance than thofe who break them. C'Jl.

To Cure. o/. a. [cura, Latin.]

1. To heal ; to reftore to health ; to re-
medy ; to recover : with of before the
difeafe. Ufed of patients or difeafes.

The bones, in (harp colds, wax brittle; and
therefore all contufiont of bones, in hard weather,
are more difficult to cure. Bacias Natural Hijiaryi

Here the poor lover, that has long endur'd
Some proud nymph's fcorn, c/ his fond paflion"*;
"""''^' Walkr.

J never knew any man cured of inattention. Stiiifi.

Hear what from love unpraflis'd hearts endure.
From love, the fole difeafe thou canft not cure.

2, To prepare m any manner, fo as to be
preferved from corruption.

The beef would be fo ill ch^fen, or fo ill cured,

aa to ftink many times before it came fo far as

_"""""'• Temple.

Cu RELEss. ezc/J. [cure and le/}.'\ Without
cure ; without remedy.

Bootlcfs are plaints, and eurelefs are my wounds ;
No way to fly, nor flrcngth to hold out fli-ht.

. Sbaieffejrc'i Htrry VI.

Repair thy wit, good youth, or it will fall
To curelif, ruin. i,hakeffea-e' , Merchant cf yenke.

If, faid he.
Your grief alone is hard captivity.
For love of he^w'n, with patience undergo
A curtliji ill, finte fate will have it fo. Dryd. Fab.

Cu'rer. »./ [fromrar^.] A healer; a
phyfician.

He is a curer of foulj, and you a curir of bo-
dies : if you (hould fight, you go again/l the hair
•t your profemons. SLakeJpeare.

1 ne mdcxterity and worfe fucccfs of the m ^ft
famous of our confumption curcrs, do evidently
demonftiate their dimnefs in beholding its caufes.
, Ilarvcy c<i ConJ'umpiiini.

■CtJ rfew. n. /. [cowvre feu, French.]

J. An evening-peal, by which the Con-

querer willed that every man fliould rake

up his fire, and put out his light; fo

that in many places, at this day, where

CUR

a bell IS Cuftomarily rung towards bed-
time, it is faid to ring curfeiv. CoiuelL

You, whofc pa.fimc
Is to mnke midnight mufhrooms, that rejoice
To hear the folemn curfetu. Sbakefp. Temfeji.
Oft on a plat of rifing ground
I hear the far oflf curfeiv (bund.
Over (bme wide-water'd (hore.
Swinging (low with fullen roar. lUilicti.

2. A cover for a fire ; a fireplate.

But now for pans, pots, curfcics, counters, and
the like, the beauty will not be fo much refpefted,
fo as the compound (?ulf is like to pafs. Bacon.

Curia'lity. »./ [from c«r.'V/j, Latin.]
The privileges, prerogatives, or per-
haps retinue, of a court.

The court and curial'dy. Bacon to I'iiliers,

Curio's I TV. n.f. [rom curious.'\

I

1 . Inquifitivenefs ; inclination to enquiry.

2. Nicety ; delicacy.
When thou waft in thy gilt, and thy perfume,

they mocked thee for too much curhfity ; in thy
rags thou knowelt none, but art defpifed for the
contrary. Sbahffears'i Timon.^

3. Accuracy ; exadlnefs. ' j

Qualities are fo weighed, that curhfty in neither!
can make choice of cither's moiety. Shak.K.Lear.'

Our fenfcs, however armed or alfuted, are tool
grofs todifcctn the curiofty of the workman(hipof
nature. Hjy,

4. An aft of curiofity ; nice experiment. .

There hath been praSifed alio a curhfity, to let
« tree upon the north (ide of a wall, and, at a little
heiijht, to draw it through the wall, and fpread it
upon the fouth (ide j conceiving that the root and
lower part of the (lock (houli tnjoy the frelhnefs
of the (hade, and the upper boughs and fruit, the
comfort of the f«i; but it fjrteJ not.

Baccn'i Natural Hijiory,

5. An objeft of curiofity; rarity.

We took a ramble together to fee the curiifities
of this great town. Mdifins Frteioldcr.

CU'RIOUS. adj. [curiofiu, Latin.]
I. Inquifitive ; defirous of information ;
addidled to enquiry.

Be not curhus in unnece(rary matters ; for more
things are (hewn unto thee than men underftand .

Rcclus. iii. ^3.
Even thcB to them the fpirit of lyes fuggclis
That they were blind, hecaufe they faw not ill ;

And breath'd into their oncorruptcd breaf^s
A euriaui wi(h, whichdid corrupt their will. Daviei.

If any one too curious (houid enquire
After a viiSory which we difdain.

Then let him know the Belgians did retire
Before the patron faint of injur d Spain. Drydcn.
Reader, if any curious (Say
To afk my hated name,
Tell them, the grave that hides my cl.iy

Conceals me from my (hamc. Wc(l,y.

8. Attentive to ; diligent about : fome-
times with after.

It is pity a gentleman fo very fBrJoajj/ftr things
that were elegant and beautiful, (hnuld not have
been as curious :u to their origin, their ulVs, and
tlieir natural hiftory. IVudivard.

3. Sometimes with of.

Then thus a fcnror of the place replic".
Well read, and rurwaj o/'antiquities. Dridcn'tFab.

4. A(:curate ; careful not to miftake.
Till Arianifm had made it a matter of great

fharpnefs and fubtlcty of witto be a found believ-
ing Chriitian, men were not r/inuMwhat fylbl.lei
or particles of fpeech they ufcJ. llaokcr.

5. Difficult to pleafe ; felicitous of per-
feflion ; not negligent ; full of care.

A temperate pcr(on m n:t.curieui of fancies and
dciiciuufnefs ; he thinks not much, a.^d fpeaks n.it
often, of meat and drink. Taylor,

5. Exaft; nice; fubtle.

^oth thcfcfcnfes embrace tUijirolycfts atgreaier

CUR

aldance, with more variety, and with a more eurisat
difcrimlnation, than the other fenfc. Hi^ldtr,

7. Artful ; not negkaful ; not fortuitous.

A vaile obfcui'd the funlhine of her eyes.
The rofe within herfelf her fweetnefs clos'd j

Each ornament about her feemly lies.
By curioui chance, or carelefs art, compos'd.
o T-, Fairfax,

8. Elegant ; neat ; labeured ; finifhecl.

Uneerftandingto devifc curious works, to work
in goW. Exodui.

9. Rigid; fevere; rigorous.

Tcox curicui I cannot be with you,
Signior Baptifta, of whom I hear fo well. Sbakefp,
Cu'r!Ouslt. adtj. ffrom curiou!.!

ad'u. [from curious.']

1. Inquiiitively ; attentively; ftudioufly.

He looked very curioujli upon himlelf, fome-
times fetching a little (kip, as if he faid his (h-ength
had not yet forfaken l\im. Sidney,

At (irlH thought there had been no light reflefl-
ed from the water in that place ; but oblerving it
more .curicujly, I faw within it feveral fmaller
round fpots, which appeared much blacker an*
darker than the reft. Niwlons Opticks,

2. Elegantly; neatly.

Nor is it the having of wheels and fprings, tho*
never fo curioujly wrought, and artiiicially fct, but
the windiog o» them up, that muft giv«^notion to
the watch. Sautir,

3. Artfully; exaftly.

4. C.iptioufly.
Curl. n.f. [from the verb.]

1. A ringlet of hair.
She apparelled herfelf like a page, cutting nfT

her hair, leaving nothing but the (hort curls to-
cov?r that noble head. Sidney,

Juft as in aft he (tood. In slouds enlhrin'J,
Her hand (he faften'd on his hair behind,
Then backward by his yellow curls (lie drew ;
To him, and him alone, confefs'd in view.

Drydeni Faileu

2. Undulation; wave; fiinuoJity; flexure.

Thus it happens, if the glafs of the prifms be

free from veins, and their (ides be accurately plain

and well polKhed, without thole numbcrlcfs wave*

or curls, which ufually arife from the land holes.

Newton's Opticks,

To CURL. "v. a. [krollen, Datch; cyppan.
Sax. krille, Dan.]

1 . To turn the hair in ringlets.
What haft thou been .'—

—A fervlng man, proud in heart and mind,
that curled my hair, wore gloves in my cap, ferved
the luft of my miftrefs's heart, and did the aft of
darkncfs with her. Shakejpairs' s King Lett;

2. To writhe ; to twill.

3. To drefs with curls.

If (he (irft meet the curled Antony,
He'll make di-mand of her a kifs. ' Sbakrfpejre,

They, up the trees
Climbing, Cit thicker than the fnaky locks
That curl'd .Megxra. Mihons Paradife Lo/l.

4. Toraife in waves, undulations, or fiu'u-
ofities.

The vifitation of the winds.
Who take the ruffian biii.'ws hy the top.
Curling their moiiilrous heads.

Sbakefpeare's Henry IV,
Seas would be pools, without the bruOiiiig air
To curl the waves. Dryden's Fables,

To Cur. I,. 'V. n.
i. I'o (brink into ringlets.

Thofe (lender aerial bodies aie feparatcd an.l-
rtretched out, which otherxvifc, by rcaCori of their
flexihiencfs and welghr, would (lag or curl. B-iylc,
2. To rife in undulations.

To every nobler pjriion of the town
The curling billnvs rowl their lertiels ride;

In pariie!. now they ftragglc up and down.
As armici, uuoppos'd, for prey divide. Drydeir,
While iurling finoak.5 from village tops are leenT

Z' Tar

CUR

5. To twift itfelf.

Th-n nxind her fiender waifthe evrTJ,
And llatnp'd an image of himfelf, a fov'reign of
the world. Drydent Fablti*

"Cu'rlew. n. f. [courlieu, Fr. arquata,

Lat.]
,|. A kind of water-fowl, with a large
beak, of a grey colour, with red and
black fpots.

Among birds we reckon creyfers, curlnvt, and
puffins. Carnu,

S. A bird larger than a partridge, with
longer legs. It runs very fwittly, and
frequents the corn-fields in Spain, in
Sicily, and fometimes in France.

•CURMLrDGEON. n./. [It is a vicious
manner of pronouncing cerur mechant,
Fr. An unknown corrcfpondent.] An
avaricious churlifh fellow; a mil'er; a
niggard ; a churl ; a griper.

Aini when hi: lias it in his claws,
He'll not be hide-bound to the caufe ;
Nor fiialt thou And hiin a cttrntjidgeon.
If tliou difpatch it without grudging. Hudiirai,
A man'f way of living is commended, bccaufe
. ihe will give any rate for it j and a man will give
any rate rather than pafs for a poor wretch, or a
pcnuriouo iurmu^getn» Locke.

Curmu'dceonly. ai^. [from curmud'
geon.^ Avaricious ; covetous ; churlifh ;
■niggardly.

In a country where he that killed a hog invited
tHe neiijhbourhood, a curmudgeonly fellow advilcd
with his companions how he might fai'e tl>e
chargf. L'KJIraitge.

Cu'rrant. n.f. [i-ibes, Lat.]
J . The tree hath no prickles ; the leaves
are large : the Hower confifts of five
leaves, jriaced in form of a rofc : the
ovary, which arifes from the centre of
the fiowercup, becomes a globular fruit,
produced in bunches.
2. A fmall dried grape : properly written
xor:ntb.

They buttcr'd currants on fat veal beftow'd,
And rumps 01 beef with virgin honey ilewM^
Infipid taRe, old friend, to thera who I'aris knew,
Where rocombole, (ballot, .and the rank gar! ck
gro\v. King.

Cu'rrency. n.f. [from current.']
. X. Circulation ; power of pafling from hand
to hand.

The currtrcy of thofe half-pence would, in the
univerfal opinion of our people, be utterly dcf^i ac-
tive to this kingdom. , SlL'ift,.

2. General reception : as, the report had
a long currency.

Fluency ; readinefs of utterance ; Ciri-
tiefs of pronunciation.

Continuance ; conllant flow ; uninter-
rupted courfe.

Thcfxrrrnfy of time to cftabliOi a cuftom, ought
to be with a continuanj-' from tlu- beginning t" the
end of the term prcl'ciibcd. y^j/iffe's Farirgcn.

5. General efteera ; the rate at which any
thing is vulgarly valued.

He th« thinkiith Spain to be fome great over-
match for this edite, alTifted as it is, and may be,
is no good mintman, but takes grcatnefs of king-
doms according to 'their bulk and currency, and
not after intrinfick value. Ba on.

€>. The papers ftampcd in the Englifh
colonies by authority, and pafling for
money.
CU'RRENT. adj. [airreni, Latin.]
t. Circulatory ; pafling from hand to hand.

CUR

3-
4-

Shekels of filver, currem money wUh the mer-
chant. Cen.

That there was current money in Abraham's
time, is pad doubt, though it i» not fure that it
was ftampt ; for he is faid to be rich in cattle, in
filver, iind in gold. Artuibnot.

I, Generally received ; uncontradicted ;
authoritative.

Many Krange bruits are received for current.

Sidnef.

Bccaufe fuch as openly reprove fuppofcd dif-
ordets of ftate are taken for principal friends to
the common benefit of all, under this fair and
plaufible colour, whatt'ocver they utter palTeth for
poo'i and current. hitokcr.

I have colleilcd the fafts, with all pollible im-
paniality, from the current hillories of thofe times.

Siv'ift.

3. Common; genet*!.

They have been trained up from their Infancy
in one fet of notions, without ever hearing or
knowing what other opinions arc current among
mankind. U'ait!.

About three months ago we had a current report
of the king of France's death. yilddtj'jn.

4.. Popular ; fuch as is ellablilhed by vul-i
gar eitimation. ■ i

We are alfo to confider the difference between
wortii and merit, ftriSly taken : that is a man's,
intrinfick, this his current, value ; which is lefs or'
more, as men have occaCon for him.

Crew's Ci^ntoftfgia ,

5. Falhionable ; popular.

Oft leaving what is natural and fit,
The current folly proves our ready wit; '

And authnrs think their reputation fafe, j

Which lives as long as fools are pleas'd to laugh, j

Fi^pe.

6. PalTable; fuch as may be allowed or
admitted.

Fouler than heart can think thee, thou canO
make
No eitcufe current, but to hang thyfelf.

Sbukejpeare's Rklard III.

7. What is now pafling; what is at pre-
fent in its courfe : as, the current year.

Cu'rrent. n./.

1. A running llream.

The currtnt, that with gentle murmur glides,
Thou know'rt, being ftoppM, impatiently doth ragt-,'
But bis fair courfe is nut hindered ;
He makes I'weet mufick with th" enamelt'd ftones.

Skakejfctire.

Thefe inequalities will vanifl» in one place, and
prefently appear in anotlier, and fcem DcrfcdWy to
move like waves, ifucceeding and dcftrojing one
another; fave that their aiotion oftentimes feeics
to be quickeft, as if in that vaft lea they were car-
ried on by a curntit, or at leaft by a tide. Boyle.

Heav'n her Eridanus no more (hall Iwaft,
Whofc fame in thine, like Icder current, 's loft ;
Thy nobler rtrcams fnall vifit Jove's abodes,
To'ihine among the ftirs, and bathe the gods,

DcTtkam.

Not fabled Po more fwelh t!it poet's lays.
While throuuh the (ky his fiiining rurrfM ftrays.
■ • P-.ie.

2. [In navigation.] Currtnts arc certain
progreflive motions of the water of the
fea in feveral places, either quite down
to the bottom, or to a certain determi-
nate depth ; by which a ihip may hap-
pen to be carried more fwiftly, or re-
tarded in her courfe, according to tlie
dircdlion of the current, with or againil
the w.-iy of the ihip. Harris.

3. Courfe ; progreflion.
The cafllc of Cidmus was taken, and Thebes

inverted by Phcbidasthc Lacedemqnianinfidioufly ;
whiih drew on a refurpriae of the caft'e, a recovery
of the town, and a current of the war, even into
the Walls of Sparta. Baan.

CUR

Cu'RRENTtY. adt). [from curreni."]

1 . In a conllant motion.

2. Without oppofition.

The very caufe which maketh the fimple »nd_
ignorant to think they even fee how the word of
God runneth currently on your fide, 15, that thcit
minds are foreftalled, and their conceits perverted
beforehand. Hv,ker, Preface.

3. Popularly; fafliionably ; generally.

4. Without ceafing.

Cu'rrentkess. «./. [from current.']

1. Circulation.

2. General reception.

3. Eafinefs of pronunciation.

When fubftaniialn-is combincth with ddight-'
fuliiefs, and currer.incjs with ftajcdnefs, how can
the language found other than molt full of fweet-
nefs ? Camden's Remains.

Cw'rribr. n.f. [coriarius, Latin.] One
who dreffes and pares leather for thofe
who make (hoes, or other thing;;.

A curri.r bought a he«r-fltin of a huntfman, and
^ laid him down rejdy money for it. L'Eftriinge.

Warn'd by frequent ills, the way they found
To lodge their loathfome carrion under ground;
For ufelcfs to the currier were their hides,
Nor ccnid tlTch- tainted flefli with ocean tides
Be freed from fiith. Drydcn's Virgil,

Co'RRisy. adj. [from cur.] Having the

?iualities of a degenerate dog ; brutal j
our; quarrelfome ; ihalignant; churl-
ifh ; uncivil ; untraftable ; impraftica-

ble.
Sweet fpeaking of> a currip heart reclaims. ,

Sidney.
No care of juftice, nor no rule of reafon.
Did thenceforth ever enter in his mind,
But crurlty, the fign of curHJb kind. Hulii. Tafe.

In ft(hii.>ns wayward, and in loVe unkind;
For Cupid deigns not wound a cuiri/h la'ind, S^irf. ■

I would Ihe were in heaven, Co (he could
Entreat fome pow'f to change this curnib Jew.

ihakiji-ve.
She fays your dog was a cor; and tells you, cur-
rijb thanks is good enqugh for fiicb a pctifent.

ZlaUlfeare.
To CU'RRY. --v. a. [cerium, leather, Lat.]
1. To c'refs leather, by beating and rub-
bing it.
To beat ; to drub ; to thre(h ; to chaftife.

A deep dcfign in 't to divide
The w; ll-atfcdttd that confide;
By felting brother againft brother,
'!»• claw and curry one anothtr. }7ud'u>ras,
I may cxpofl her to take care of her' family, and
cilny herhide in caf; of rcfulal. jidjijon's SfrUjrir.

To rub a horfe with a fcratching in-
ftrumcnt, fo as to fmooth his coat, and
promote his ficfii.

FriiVions make the part's more flcfby and full ;
as we lee both in men, and in the currying of
horfes : the c.-ufc is, for that iliey draw a griaicr
quantity of fpitits and blood M the pans. Bacon.

4. To (cratch in kindncfs ; to rub down
with flattery ; to tickle.

If I had a luit to mailer Shallow, I would hu-
mour his men ; if to his men, 1 would curry with
mailer Shallow. Skaltejfvarr.

J. To Curry Fa'vour. To become a
favourite by petty oiHcioufnefs, (light
kindnefles, or flattery.

He judged them ftill ovcr-abjeiJVIy to fawn upon
the heathens, and to curry favcur with infidels.

Hcckcr.

This humour fucceedcd fo with the puppy, that

an afs would go the fame way to work to curry

fa'Mur for himfelf. L'Efirange.

Cu'rrvcomb. n.f. [from curry z\A comb.]

An irori inllrument ufed for currying or

cleaning horfes.

He

3-

CUR

He has a clearer idea from a little print tbaii
from a long definition ; and (o he would have ol"
'ft"g'l and Jijlrum, if, inftead of a currycomb and
cymbal, he could fee ^atnred in the margin fmall
pidiurcs of thefe inftruments. Lcclit:,

To CURSE, "v. a, [cufipan, Saxon.]

1 . To wifli evil to ; to e.xecrate ; to devote.

Curjt! me thii people j for thev aie too niighty for
■!<•• Kumicrs.

After Solyman had looked upan the dead body,
and bitterly curiej the fame, be caufed a great
weight to be tied unto it, and fo caft into the fca.

Knot Us .

What, yet again ! the third time haft thou carfl
me :
This irrprecation was for Laius' death.
And thou haft w fhed me ILke him. Dry, and Let.

2. To mifchief ; toaffliil; totoiment.

On impious realms and baib'rous kings impofc
Thy plagues, and curfe 'em with futh fons as tliofe.

Pofc.
To Curse, f. n. To imprecate ; to deny
or affirm with imprecation of divine
vengeance.

The filv.-r about which thou {urj'rdji, and fpeakeft
of aifo in my eari, behold the fiiver is with me.

y«^* xvi. 2.

Curse. »./ [from the verb.]

1 . Malediclion ; wifh of evil to another.

Neither h.ive i fuffsrcd my mouth to iin, by
wifiling a curjt to his^fouU 'Job.

I never went from your, lord (hip hot with a
longing to return, or without a hearty f*r/r to him
who invented ceremonies, anil put me on the ne-
cciTity of withdrawing. Drjdtti,

2. Atfliftion ; torment ; vexation.
CurJ! on the tripling ! how he apes his fire !

• Amhitioufly fententious ! Addrfin's Cam.

Qv'KiZD. farticipial ae/J. [from cur/e."]
I. Deferving a curfc ; hateful ; detelbble ;
abominable ; wicked.

Merciful pow'rs !
Reftrain in me the curfed thought) that oatare
Gives way oo in repofe. iibakfff^tare\ Macbeth,

2.' Unholy ; unfanftified ; bladed by a
curfe.

Come, lady, while heav'n hhds us grace, ■
Let us fiy this curftd place,
L'^ft t'lc f>rcerer "u> en'icc
With (omc orh' 1- lic.v J:\'cc;
Not a wafte - nd,

Till we comi: . .und. Mill'jn.

J. Vexatioii5 ; tioublelome.

This curjcd fjuarrei be no more renew'd j
Be, as bsconr.rs a witc, obedient ftil!, . , ■,
Though giiev'd, yet futjcil to her hu/band'iwill'.
■ ■ ' nrydai.

One d^y, Iithitilf, irt Pir^riife he liv'ri ;
Rcliin'J th; nejt h :. journey to purfue,
'. Wnetc Wounding tiiurnt and lurJid-xiiMii gr".v.

rri,r.

Cu'rsedi.y. adv. [from curfed.'\ Mifer-
ably ; fliimefuil-y^; a low cant word.

•^ ' ' ■ ' ' r '^
on

i..- ; . ol

being over-run " and can-

jjot .regain one t .., . --^jeiicetjf

. . another. Ptpe.

Cu'ii«Ei>NH»s. >r. / [(rem car/ed.] The

ftate of being under a curfe.
Cu'usHlP. n. /. [from cur.] Doglliip ;

meannefs ; fcoondrelftiip.
How Jurft he, 1 lay, oppilc thy carp\f,

'Oainft arm^. autli/irijy, aod wnf/hip ? HuA'tbra:.

CU'RSITOR. n. /. [Latin.] An officer
or clerk belonging to the Chancery,
that makes out original writs. They
are called clerks of courfe, in the oath
of the clerks of Chancery. Of thtfe
there are twenty-four in nmnber, which
Vo,,. 1,

CUR

have certain fliires allotted to each of
them, into which they make out I'uch
original writs as are required. They
are a corporation among themfelves.

Cozvell.
Then is the recognition and value, figned with
tlic handwriting of that juftice, carried by the cur-
fitor in Ch.mcery for that (Iiire where thofe lands
do lie, and by him is a writ of covenant thereupon
drawn, and ingrolfcd in parchment. Bacon.

Cu'rsorary. adj. [from cur/us, Latin.]
Curfory ; hafty ; carelefs. A word, 1
believe, only found in the following
line.

I have but with a curforary eye
O'erglanc'd the articles. Sh^iefp.IJerryV,

Cu'RiORiLY-a^xi. [from curfory.] Haftily;
without care ; without folicitous atten-
tion. <

This power, and no other, Luth»r dif )wns, as

any one that views the place but curfmly muft needs

fee. " Atttrhury.

Cu'rsori NESS. n.f. \JxQm curfory.] Slight

.ittentiori.

CU'RSORY. adj. [from curforius, Latin.]
Hafty ; quick ; inattentive ; carelefs.

The firft, upon a curfory and fuperficial view,
appeared like the head of another man. AJJi/cr.
CvRsr. adj. froward; peevifli ; m.ilig-
nant; mifchievous; malicious; fnarling.
• Mr.' Mafon, after his manner, was very mcTiy
with both pirtiesj pleafantly playing both with the
(hrcwd toudies of many cur/1 boya». and with the
fmall difciecion of many lewd fihoolmafters.

Ajtbam^s Schcto!maJ}cr,
Curjt cows have (hort horns. Prmeri

I pray yog, though you mock me, gentlemen,
Let her not hurt me : I was never citrfl ;
I have no gift at all in (hrewi/hnefs ;
I am a right maid, fur my cowardice ;
Let her not ftrlke me. Shah. Midf. Algbt'sDream.
I'll gofeelf thebearbtgonefrom thegcntlcmm,
and {iiw much he hath eaten : they are never cur/}
' but when they are hung'v. Shaktff .Winter iTa'e.
Her only fiutt; and that is fault enough.
Is, that (he "s intolerably mr/!,
And ihtcwj and froward, fo beyond all meafure.
That, were my (lite far worfer than it is,
I would not wed her for a mine of gold. Shatfp.
. When I diifuaded him from his intent,
And found him pight Co do it with cjrjl fpcech,
1 threaten'd to difcovcr him. Shak, King L far.

And though his niind
He ne'er fo curf, his tonjjue is kind. Cri^Jhi-'tc.
Cu'rs.tnfss. n.f. [from f/«y?.] Peevifn-
nefs ; frowE^rdnefs ; mtilignity.

Thcii, nojle partnr 3,
Toych you tic;foureft points with fweeie.1 terms,
Nor curjinfi grow fo tlie flatter. , ■

ShahJ^eare'i Antony and Cleopatra,
Her month ihi writh'd, her forehead, taught to
, frown, ,'•■'"...

H*r eyes to fpirkl^i .fires to love ual«no'.vri ;
Het fallow cheeks Ucr envious mind did (hew,
Aftd cv'ry ff^tfjrjc ff ok« aloud the. curjk<ejt of a
""'«"'• .- / ,.-. i. Dryieii.

Curt. a/*)!. [from.f«r/ai, Latin.] Short.

roCU'R'lAlL. "J. a {curio, Lilm. It
was anciently written curia/, which per-
haps is more proper ; but dogs that had
their tails cut being cj.IIed curfal dogs,
• the word was vulgarly coiiCeivcd'^o mean
originally to xut the icril, and was in time
written according to ih.t notion.]

I. To cut off; to cut (hort ; to fiiorten.

I, that am curtaird of all fair proportioTr,
Dcform'd, un(ini/hd,.f.!\t before my time
Into this breathing world. Utakcfp. RUiard III.
Then why (honid we ourfclves abridge.

And curtail our own privilege ? tfudibras.

CUR

Scribblers fend us over their tra(h !n profe and
verfc, with abjminable curtailwgs and 'quaint mo-
deniifms. S-wiff.

This general employ, and expence of their time,
would as afl'uredly curtail and retrench the ordi-
nary means of knowledge and erudition, as itwould
ftorteii the opportunities of vice. lVo:dtaard.

Perhaps this humour of fpeaking no more than
we mu<?-, has fo miferably curtailed fome of our
words : and, in familiar writings and converfations,
they often lofe all but their firft fjliables.

Addifon's Sfeaatar.
2. It has cf before the thing cut off.

The count aHured the courr, that Fact his an-
tagoiiift h.id taken a wrong name, having curtailed
it of three letters j for that'his name was not Faf?,
bat Faflion. Add'n.'

Cu'rtail Dog. n.f. A dog Lived, or
mutilated according to the foreft laws,
whofe tail is'cut off, and who is therefore
hindered in courfing. Perhaps this word
may be the original of cur.

1, amazed, ran from her as a witch ; and I
think if my breaft had not been made of faith, a::d ■
my heart of ftcrl, (he had transformed me to a
curtail dog, and made me turn i' th' wheel.

Sbakefpeare^s Comedy cf Errours,
CU'RTAIN. n.f [cortina, Latin!]

1 . A cloth contrafted or e.vpanded at plea-
fure, to admit or exclude- .he light; to
conceal or difcover any thing ; to lliacie
a bed ; to darken a room. • '

Their curtains ought to be kejc ipen, lo as to
renew the air. Arhuthmt on Diet.

Sol through white carramj (hoc a tim'rous ray,
Andop'd thofe eyes that muft eclipfe the Jay. Foj>e.

Thy hand, great Dulnels ! lets the fBrr.jiBfa.i,
And univerfal darknefs buries all. Pii,e.

2. To draiu the Curtain. To clofe it,
fo as to (hut out the light, or conceal

the objeft.

1 mull draiv a curtain beiVire the work, for a

while, and keep your patience a lit- c in fufper.fe.

h'urnet's Tl/eory,

Once more I write to you, and this ■ ni;e w U
be the laft ; tiie curtain wi'l f ion hidraivn between
my friend and me, and nothing left but to wi(h v .u
a long good night. • pipe,

3. l''oopen it, fo as to difcern the objeft.

So fmn as the all-cheerrng furi
Should in the fartheft eaft bogin to araw
The Qiady curtain from Aurora's ted.

Shakr/beare's Romeo and fnHet.
Let them deep, let them lleep on.
Till this iiormy night be lione,
And th' eternal morrow d, wn ;
Tli.'n the lurtain will be drawn. Crfpa-ia.

\. [In fortification.] That part of the wall
or rampart that lies between two baftiiOus.
Military tliSi.
The governour, not dlfcouragci, fuddeiily of
timber and b:)ards raifed up a curtain tvyelve foot
high, at the back of his foldi.er-;. Knollei.

Curtain-lecture, n.f [from curtain
and lecture.] A reproof given by a wife
to her hufband in bed.

Wh.it endleTi 1 r.rwis by wives are bred !
The lUrtain'tcBure makes a moui-nful bed.

Drydeni fwvenal.

She ought to exert the autho:ity of the curtain-

ledure, and, if (be findshim of ar^kehious difrcfi-

tinn, to tame him. Aildifon.

ro C u R T A I N . 'u. «. [from the noun. ] To
inclofe or accommodate with curtains'. .

Now o'er one half the world
Niture feems dead, and wicked drea.ms abufe
Tlie curtain J llecp. Sbak.jfarr'' s Machctb.

The wand*ring prince ■<:'d Dido, -^ ■
When with a happy ftorm they were furpri.s'd,
And curtain' d with a counfel-kceping cave. Slai.

3 N But,

See Cutlass.

c u s

Bat, in her temple's laft reccfs inclos'd,
On Dulntfs" lip th anointcil htad rcposM :
Hh]> ciefe Die carfdnV round wicli vipours bine,
Aid toft befprliilcUd wilb ciirnicriio dew. Pift.

Curtate Dsjiance. n. /. [In aftronomy.]
The dillance of a planet's place from
the fun, reduced to the ecllptick.

Corta'tion. h./. [fromcKWo, to fhorten,
Latin.] The interval between a planet's
diftance from the fun and the curtate
diftance. Chambers.

Cu'rtelasse

Cu'rtelax.

Cu'fiTir. See Courtesy.

Cv'rvat^d. «^j. [fori/fl/Mj, Lat.] Bent;
c-Fookcd.

Cuhva'tiok. n.f. {c'tr'vo, Latin.] The
a(\ of bending or crooking.

Cu'rvature. «./ [fromrKr'Tf.] Crook-
ednefs ; inflexion ; aunncr of bending.

It is bent alter ihc manner oi the catena: ian
curve, by whi<;h it obtains tKat curvimrc that is
I'atell for the included marrow.

Chtfiu's PhihJ'fbkal Pr'mriflf,.

Flactid it wjs beyond the adiivity of the miif-

cl«, a^d curvaiure of the'officlc;, to give it a due

tenfion. Holder.

Ci;rve. atfj. [cur-vus, Latin.] Crooked;
bent ; inflefted ; not ftraight.

Unlefs an intrinfick ptincipls of gravity or at-
traction may make it detcnfae a curve line about
the attrafting body. Bently.

Curve, n.f. Any thing bent ; a flexure
or crookednefs of any particular form.

And as you lead it round, in artful curve,
■Witlr eye intentivc mark the fprlnging game.

To CURVE. i>. a. [curvo, Latin.] To
bend ; to crook ; to infleft.
And the tongue is drawn back and cirveii.

Holdir.

-To CURVE'T. <v. n. [corvettare, Italian.]
I. To leap ; to bound.

Cry holla! to tliy tongue, I pr'ythce : it curvcu.
unfcafonably. ^hjkcffcare's .,1s you like it.

Himfcif he on an ca-wig fet.

Yet fcm-ce he on his hack could get.

So oft and high hs did curvet.

Ere he himfelf i..uld fettle. Drayt. Kymphiii.

Seiz'd with unwonted pain, furpris'd with fright.
The wounded deed curveti ; and, rais'd upright,
Ligbtii on his feet before : his hoofs behind
Spring up in air aloft, and laih the wind.

Dry Jen's JEntid.

z. To fri/k ; to be licentious.
Curve't. n.f. [from the verb.]

1 . A leap ; a bound.

2. A frolick ; a prank.

CuRvu. i'kear. «<^'. \cur^<us and linea,
Lat.]

1. Confining of a crooked line.

The impulie continually draws thr coleftial body
from its reflilincar motion, ami forces it into a
curvilinear orbit ; fo that it rauft be repeated c\-cry
minute of time. Cheyne.

2. Cotnpofed of crooked lines,
Cu'rvity. ».y; [fromfwru*.] Crooked-
nefs.

The joined ends of tiiat bone and the incus re.

ecding, make amort acute angle at that joint, and

give a greater rtrvrf)) to (be poftore of the oiricles.

Holder on Speech.

CU'SHION. n.f. [kiiffen, Dutch; couffi,:,
French.] A pilluw for the feat ; a foft
pad placed upon a chair.

Call Claudius, and feme otlicr of my men j
I'Q iiave them Aeep on culhions in my tent.

Hhak.jptjre" i JuHui Cafjr.

c u s

If you are learn'd.
Be not as common fools ; if jou arc not,
Let them have eujbicni by you. Stat. Coiieltwi.

But, ere they lat, ofhcious Baucis lays
Two cu/hiens fturfd with draw, the feat to raife j
Coatfe, but the bed flie had. Dryden's FatUs.

An eallern king put a judge to death for an ini-
quitous fcntcncc i and ordered hishide to beftufted
into a ciijhitn, and placed upon the tribunal, fur the
fin to fit on. Siiifi.

Cu'sHio.vED. aJj. [from <-tf/^/oa.] Seated
on a culhiou ; fupported by cufnions.

Many, who are cujaioned upon thrones, wou'i!
have remained inobduiity. Dijfirtatio* ok Partiet.

CUSP. n.f. {cujpis, Latin.] A term ufed
to exprefs the points or horns of the
moon, or other luminary. Harris.

Cu'spATED. \o(tj. [from <ufpis, Lat.]

Cu'sPiDATt D. J A word expreffing the
leaves of a flower ending in a point.

^uincy.

Co'stard. n.f. [cvjjlarti, Welfli.J A
kind of fweetmeat made by boiling eggs
with milk and fugar till the whole
thickens into a mafs. It is a food much
ufed in city feafts.

He cramm'd them, till their guts did akc.
With cawdic, cuftard, and plumb cake. Hudibra'..
Now may'rs and ihrieves aU hulh'd and latiate
lay;

Yet eat, in dreams, iht cujlard nf tin: day. Fife.

Cu'sTODV. n.f. [cufodia, Latii).]

1. Imprifonment ; reftraint of liberty.

Th-: council rcmondranced unto queen Eliza-
beth the confpiracies againft her life, and therefore
they advifed her, that fhe (hould go lefs abroad
weakly attended; but the queen anfwered, Ihc bid
r«ther be dead than put in cujloily. Bacon.

Pot us enflav'd, is cujicdy fevere,
And ftripcs, and arbitrary punifhment
I n fl ! a ed ? Milton's Paradife Loft.

2. Care ; guardianlhip ; charge.

Under the cujhdy and charge of the fons of
Merari, (balj be the boards of the ubernacle.

Numb. iii. 36.

We being ftrangers here, how dar'ft thou truft
So great a charge from thine own cujiody ? Shak.

An oftcncc it were, raflily to depart out of the
city committed to their cuftody. Knolhs.

Ti>ere is generally but one coin ftampt upon the
occafion, which is made a prefcnt to the perfon
who is celebrated on it : by this means the whole
fam: is in his own cujicdy. Addijon.

3. Defence; prefervation ; fccurity.

There was prepared a fleet of thirty fliips for the
cuftcdy of the narrow fcas. Baton.

CUSTOM, n.f [coujlume, French.]

1. Habit; habitual pradice.

Blood and deftruflion diall be fo in ufe,
That mothers (hall but fmile when they behold
Their infants quarter'd by the hands of war ;
All pity choak'd with cuftom of fell deeds.

ahcikefpeare's yuHus Cajar.

Cuftom, a greater pDvOcr than nature, feldom fails
to make tliem worihip. Luke.

2. Falhion ; common way of ailing.

And the prieft's cuficm with the people was, that
when any man offered facrificc, the prieft's fervant
came, while the flerti was in fcething, with a (leih-
hook of three teeth in his hands. i Sam. ii.

3. Ellablilhed manner.

According to therii^om of the prieft's office, his
lot was to burn incenfe when he went into the
temple of the Lr-d. Luke'\.

4. Prafticc of buying of certain perfons.

You fay he is alJiduous in his calling, and is he
not grown rich by it ? Let him have your cuftoni,
but HOC your votes. j^ddi/cn,

5. Application from buyers : asj tin's t racier
has good cuftom.

c u s

6. [In law.] A law or right not written,
which, being eilablifhed by long ufe,
and the content of oar anceftors, haj
been, and is daily, praftifed. We can-
not fay that this or that is a cujiom, ex-
cept we can juftify that it hath conti-
nued fo one hundred years ; yet, be-
caufe that is hard to prove, it is enough
for the proof of a cuJlom, if two or mare
can depofe that they heard their fathers
fay, that it was a caflom all their time ;
and that their fathers heard their fathers
alio fay, that it was likewife a cujhm in
their time. If it is to be proved by
record, the continui-mce of a hundred
years will ferve. CuJlom is either gene-
ral or particular; general, that which
is current through England ; particular,
is that which belongs, to this or that
county ; as gavelkind to Kent, or this
or that lordfhip, city, or town. CuJlom
differs from prefcripticn ; for tujiom is
common to more, and prelcription is
particular to this or that man : prefcrip-
tion may be for a far Ihorter time than
cujiom. Ccweli.

7. Tribute ; tax paid for goods imported
or exported.

The rcfidue of thcfe ordinary finances be cafual
or uncertain, as be tliecfcheats and forfeitures, the
cuji.ms, butierage, and impofti. Bai.:n.

Thofe commodities may be difpcrfed, after hav-
ing paid Che cujioms in England. Temple.

Cuftitns to (leal is fuch a trivial thing,
That 'tis their charter to defraud their king.

Drydtn.

Strabo tells you, that Britain bore heavy taxes,
efpecially the cujicmi oo the importation of tl)e
Gallick trade. Arhutinot.

Cu'sTOM HOUSE, a. /. The houfc whcie
the taxes upon goods imported or e.'^-
ported are collefled.

Some cujhmbrtdjc officers, birds of paiTage, and
oppreflive thrifty fquireSj are the only thriving
people amongll us. S'wift.

Cu'sTOMABLV. ajj. [from cuJlomJ] Com-
mon ; habitual ; frequent.

Cu'sTOM ABLENEss. ts. f. [itom cujloma*
hie.]

1 . Frequency ; habit.

2. Conformity to cullom.
Cu'sTOMABLY. aci-v. [from cujlomaile.'l

According to cullom.

Kingdoms have cuftcmably been carried away by
right of fuccelTion, according to proximity of blood.

H.^y^vard.
Cu'sTOMARILY. ad<ij. [from cujii,mary.'\
Habitually ; commonly.

To call God to witnefs truth, or a lye perhap-r,
or to appeal to him on every trivial occafion, in
common difcourfe, cufiomarily without confidera-
tiun, is one of the higheft indignities and alFroms
that can be offered him. Rjy,

Cu'sTOM ARiNESS. n.f {^{lom ciiJloTnary.l
Frequency; commonnefs ; frequent oc-
currence.

A vice which for its guilt may juftify the
(harped, and for its cuftmunr.efi the ftequente((,
inTCftives which can be made againd it.

Go~:erntntrt cftbetongut*
Cu'sTOMARY. adj. [from cujlem.^
I. Conformable to eftablilhed cullom; ac-
cording to prcfcriptLon.

Pray you luw, if it may dand witli the tune
of your voices, that I may be cosful : I have here
the cvjlcmat^ go'.ni. Sbakrfpeare.

Several

CUT

Sev

everal ingenious^erfons.whofe a.Tiftance might j y,
be conducire to the advance of real and ufeful J
knowledge, lay under the prejudices of educa- |
tion and cujlanary belief. ClativilU't Sctfjis.

«. Habitual.

We fliouM avoid the profane and irreverent ufe
of God's name, by curfing, or cujiomary fwearing ;
and take heed of the negleft of his worfliip, or an

thing belonging to it. Tilhtjm.

3. tJlual ; wonted.

Ev'n now I met him
With cvfl'-mlry compliment, when he.
Wafting his eyes to th' contrary, and falling
A lip of mucli contempt, fpeeds from me. Skali.

Cu'sTOMED. /?^'. [from f »/?(!«.] Ufual ;
common ; that to wMch we are accuf-
tomed.

No nat'ral exhalation in the /ky.
No common wind, no cuf.smtd event,
E jt they will pluck awly its nat'ral caufc.
And call them meteors, prodigies, and figns.

Shakejpesrf i King ycbn.
Cu'sTOMER. n. /. [from cufiom.]
1. One who frequents any place of fale
for the fake of purchafing.

One would think it Overdone's houfe; for here
be many old cujimert. Sbai/f. Mtaj. for Meaf.

A wealthy poet ukes more pains to hire
A flattering audience, than poor tradefmen do
To peiTuade cujt'.mirs to buy their goods. Rtfcom.

Lord Strut hat befpoke his liveries at Lewis
Baboon's ihop : Don't you fee how that old fox
fteals away your cufiomers, and turns you out of
your bufinefs every day ? Arbuttnot,

Thofe papers are grown a neceflary part in cof .
ftehoufe furniture, and may be read by cuftctiieis
of all ranks for curiofity or amufement. Sivi/i.

I lliewed yon a piece of black and white fluff,
juft fent from the dyer, which you were pleafcd to
approve of, and be my cujlcmrr for. Swift.

2. A common woman. This fenfe is now
obfolete.

I marry her! — TVhit, a cufiomtrf Pr'ythec bear
fome charity to my wit ; do not think it fo un-
wholefome. Shakejfurt'i Oihsllo.

Cu'sTREL. rt./.

1 . A buckler-bearer.

2. A veflel for holding wine. Ainfiuorth.
To CUT. pret. cut. part. pafT. cut. [pro-
bably from the French couteau, a knife.]

I. To penetrate with an edged inftru-
ment ; to divide any continuity by a
ftiarp edge.

Ah, eui my lace «funder.
That my great he irt may have fome fcope to bear,
Or elfe 1 Iwoon with this dead killing new^.
. Shakr/fean's Riciar^ilU.

And when two hearts were join'd by murual love,
The fword of jufticc cuii upon the knot.
And fevers 'cm for ever. Dryiltn'i Sfamjh Friar.
Some I have <ui aw*y with fcid'ars.

WijemarCi Surgtry.

2. To hew.

Thy (ervants can (kill to ctl timber in Lebanon.

2 Chran, ii,

3. To carve ; to make by fculpture.

Why fhouM a man, whofe blood is warm within.
Sit like his grandfire cut in abbalter ? Shakeff.

The triumphal is defjced by time 5 but the
plan of it is neatly rut upon the wall of a neigh-
bouring building. _ Addijon.

4. To form any thing by cutting.

And thsy did beat the gold into thin plates and
ri/r itint) wires. Extid. xxxix. 3.

5. To divide by palling through.

Before the wliililing winds the vclle's fly,
With rapid f^iftncfs cut the liquid way.
And reach Cereftus at the point o{ day.

Pafct Odyfftj

6. To pierce with any uneafy fenfatioii.

The man was m( to the heart with thcfe confo.
•»««>ns. Addifm.

CUT

To divide packs of cards.

Supine they in their heav'n remain.
Exempt from paSion and from pain ;
And frankly leave us, human elves,
To cut and fliuffle for ourfclvcs. Ftijt.

We fure in vain the cards condemn,
Ourfelves both cur and (huifled them. Frhr,

Take a frefli pack, nor is it worth our grieving,
Who cuts or Ihumes with our dirty leaving.

GranvVh.

3. To interfeft ; to crofs : as, one line

cuts another at right angles.
9. To Cut dinun. To fell ; to hew down.

.\\\ the timber whereof was cut dcian in the
mountains of Cil'cia. Knolhi.

I o. To Cu T Joiun. To excel 5 to over-
power : a low phrafe.

So great is his natural eloquence, that he cuti
dvzvn the lineli orator, and deftroys the beft con-
trived argument, as foon as ever he gets himfelf to
be heard. Addifuns Count Tariff.

11. To Cut off. To feparate from the
other paits by cutting.

And they caught him, and cut e^bis thumbs.

Jud. i. 6.

12. To Cm T off. To deftroy; to extir-
pate ; to put to death untimely.

All Spain was firft conquered by the Romans,

and filled with colonies from them, which were

ftill increafcd, and the native Spaniards Hill cut cff.

Sjiaifer en Ireland.

Were I king,

I ihould cat cffthc nobles for their lands.

Sbakefpeare^ s Mjchetb.

This great commander was fuddenly cut off by

a fatal ftroke, given him with a fmall contemptible

inftrument. Hoivcl.

Ircnteus was likewife cut off hy martyrdom.

Addifon.
Ill-fated prince ! too negligent of life^
Cut off in the freih ripening prime of mannood.
Even in the pride of life. Pbirips's Dijlrrjl Msibcr.

13. To Cut 0^ To refcind ; to fepa-
rate ; to take away.

Fetch the will hither, and we (hall determine
How to cut offiame charge in legacies.

Sbnkef/Karr't yuTlul Cafar

He that cuts 0^ twenty years of lite,
Cuti off (o many years of fearing death.

Sbitie/frcare's yurtui Cafar.

Prefume not on thy God, whoe'er he be :
Thee he regards not, owns not, hath cut aff
Quite from his people. AIilnn'sAgoniJlrs.

The propofal of a recompencc from men, cuts
offxhc hopes of future rewards. Sma/ridgc.

14. To Cw off. To intercept ; to hinder
from union or return.

The king of this illind, a wife man and a
great w:;rrior, handled the matter ioj as he cut off
their land farces from their (hips. Baccti.

His parly was fo much inferior to the enemy,
that it would infallibly be .ut off, C/arendon.

15. To Cut off. To put an end to; to
obviate.

To cut off contentions, commilTioners were ap-
pointed to make certain the limits. Hay-ward.

To cut off all further mediation and interpofi-
tion, the king conjured him to give overall thoughts
of excufe. Clarendon.

It may compofe our unnatural feuds, and cut off
frequent occafioni of brutal rage and intemperance.

Addifon.

16. To Cut off. To withhold.

We arc concerned to cut off all occa/ion from
thofe who feek occafion, that they may have where-
of to accufc us. Rogers.

17. To CvT off. To preclude.

Every one who lives in the prafticc of any vo-
luntary fin, aOually cuii himfelf sjf from the bene-
fits and profelTion of chriftianity. Addifn.

This only objcdl of my real care.

q u T

In fome few poAing, fatal lionrs l« hurl'd
From wealth, ftoiWjibWr', froirt lovir, inJ ftom
the vrothi, Fr'ar.

Why (hould thofe »)ho Wait at altars be cut off
from partaking in the general benefits of law,, or of
nature i* Sirff't,

18. To CvT off. To interrupt; to fil^tlc'if.^

It is no grace to a judge to ihcw quickn^-fs of
conceit in cutting 0^ evidence or counfel too (Sort.

Bacon,

19. To Cut off. To apoftrophife ; to ab-
breviate.

No vowel can be cut e^ before another, when wc
cannot fink tht; pronunciation of it. Diyd^n.

20. To Cut out. To fliape ; to form.

By the pattern of mine own thoughts 1 cut Out
the purity of his. Sbaktfpsare^ s ffintcr^s^aki

I, for my part, do not like images cut out in
juniper, or other garden tluti": they be forchildret:.

£a,cn.

There is a large table »t Montraorancy r;« itf
of the thicknefs of a vine ftock. Tcirp'c.

The antiquaries being but indifferent taylors,
they wrangle prodigiourty about the cttit:t:g cut the
toga. A'^utbnot en Czitn,

They have a large fjreft cut cut into Wilks, tt-
trcmely thick and gloomy. Addijon,

21. To Cut out. Tofcheme; to contrive.

Having a moft pernicious fire kindled within tl.-:
very bowels of his own foreft, he had work enough
cut him out toextinguilh it. llo-w:/.

Every man had cut out a place for himfclt in hii
own thoughts : I could reckon up in our army two
or three lord-trcaforcrs. Addijont

22. To Cut cut. To adapt.

You know I am not cut out for writing a trea-
tife, nor have a genius t ) pen any thing cxaftly

Cut off (tarn hop«, abandon'd ta dcfpair.

RjntC'.

23. To Cut out. To debar.

1 am cut out from any thing but common ac-
knowledgments, or common dilcourfc. FofCm

24. To Cut ea/. To excel ; to outdo.

25. To (Imt Jhsrt. To hinder from pro-
ceeding by fudden interruption.

Thus much he fpokc, and Mori he wbuld hite
faid.
But the (lem hero turn'd afidc his head.
And cut \ntnfh:rt. Dryden's /Encid.

AduWes cut Kim fhori ; and thus replied,
My worth, allow'd in words, is in effefl denied.

Drydcn,

26. To CvT fhort. To abridge: as, the
JoUiers -were cut Ihort of their fay.

27. To Cut »/. To divide an 'animal
into convenient piece?.

The boar's intemperance, and the note upon
him afterwards, on the cutting him w/», that he had
no brains in his head, may be moralised into a
fcnfual man. L^Ef range.

28. To Cut /(/. To eradicate.

Who cut up mallows by the bu(hc^, and juniper-
roots for their meat. ^ 'Jo^,

This dofirine cuts up all government by the
roots. LcHe*

To Cut. rv. n.

1. To make way by dividing ; to divide
by pairing through.

When the teeth are ready to cut, the upper ^ arr
is rubbed with hard fubftances, which infants, hy
a natural inllin^, affeft. Arluibnot.

2. To perform the operation of lithotomy.

He faved the lives ot tboul'auds by lu» manner
of cutting for tljc (ti ne. Fape.

3. To interfere : as, a horfe that cuti.
Cut, fart. adj. Prepared for ufe : a me-
taphor from hewn timber.

Sets of phrafe , w and dry,
Evermore thy tongue fippiy. Siicift.

Cut. Tt.f. [from the noun.]
1 . The action of a (harp or edged inftru/.
ment ; the blow of an ax or fword.

3

N

Tae.

CUT

2. The impreffion or reparation of conti-
nuity^ made by an edge or (harp inftru-
■ ment: diftingoilhed from that made by
'perforation with a pointed inftrument. '

3, A would made by cutting.

Shiip weapon-, according to' the force, cut into
t^eboue many ways; which nts are called Jctics,
ancLare reckoned among the ftafiurrs.

' "■ fyifanarCi Surgery.

4. ' A tihanne! made by art. '

This grrot«l or di:ch Seloftris the. rich king of
Ijypt, End lortg after him Ptolomrus Philadcl-
'{thas, purpofcd t!» havL* made a great deal wider and
dicper, and thereby to have kt th« Red Sc:» into
the AUditerrancan. Km.lts,

5. A pan cut ofFfrom the reft.

Suppofe a board to be ten foot long, and one
broad, one cm is leckoned fo many foot.

Mcrtimet'i liujbattdrj.

6. A fmall particle ; a Ihred.

It bach a number of (hort tvtt or flireddin^,
which may be better ca'.led wiflits than pravcrs.

'HcAer.

7. A lot made by cutting a flick. '

My laiiy Zslmanc and my daughter Mopfa may

draw cut!, and the ihorteft cut fpeak firft. Sidney.

' , A man may as realonably draw rxri for his

tenets, and regulate his perfuafion by the caft of

» di'. ^"-^ Luke.

8. A near paffage, by which feme angle is
cut off.

The 5gn 'rjnt't'.ok hrart to enter upon this gri;at
calliiiii, ind i-itlead of their cutting their way to^t
thti'.iji the :ciiowIedge of thu tongues, ttie faticis,
and councils, tbej have taken another and a fliort'^r
cut. Ssuth.

There is a (hotter cut, an eafier paffage.

Dfcay of Piety.

The evidence of my fenfe is fimpK- and imme-
diate, and therefore I have but a fliortfr cut thereby
to the alTenttothe truth of the things fo evidenced.
HaW i Or'tgit of Mjtthitid .

But the gentleman w.)uld needs fee ine part of
my v/ay, and ?arry roe a (hort cut chrough his own
ground, which favcd me half a mile's ridi-ij.

Swift'l Kxamimr.

9. A pliflure cut or carved upon a ftanip
of wood or copper, and imprefled from
it.

In tlus form, according to his defcription, he is
fet t jrth in the prints or cuts of martyrs by Ccval-
lerius. Brown.

It is, 1 believe, ufed improperly by

Au'atjon.

Madam Oacler, from fomeold cult of Tcrencr,
fancies that the larva or perfmi of the Rjmai
adors was iiot only a vizard for the face, but had
falfc hair to It. yUdifn on Italy.

10. The ftamp on which a pifture is car-
ved, and by which it is impreiTed.

11. The aft or praftice of dividing a pack
of cards.

H 5W can the mufe her aid impart,
Unlkill'd in all the terms of art?
Or in harminious numbers put
The deal, the (huffl:, and the cut ? Swift.

rt. Fafhion ; form ; ihape ; manner of
cutting into (hape.

Their clothes arc after fuch a Pagan cut too.
That, fure, they '« worn oiitChriftendom.

Sbakifpearet Hrnry Vill.
His tawny beard was th* equal gra4:e
Both of his wifio'.n and his face;
In cut and dye f 1 like a tilr,
A fudden view it would beijuiie. Huditrm.
Th?y w-r: (j familiatly acquainted with him, as
to know tlw vciy rut of his beard. SidUngfliei.
ChiUrenlove bivechea, not fortbcirra/ or cafe,
but b cav^fe the having ihem is a maik 01 Hep to-
.^wardi manh-Jod. Lockt.

A third defirej yoo to obferve well the toga on
f.,cfa a rererft, and aSkt J^ whether ' you can in

C U 1^

tcnfcience leliete the fleeve of it to be of thrtiut
Roman cut. • jidd'jjn.

Sometimes an old fellow fliall wear this or that
fort of cut in his clothes with great integrity.

^ddijiffi Spcffjtar.
Wilt thiu buy there fome high heads of the
neweft cut for my daughter ?

Arhulknci^i Hifiary offohn Bull.

13. It feerns anciently to have fignified a
fool or cully. To cut .ftiU fignifiw to
cheat, in low language.

Send her money, knight: if thou hafljiernot in
the end, call mcra;. Staiiffrare's I'-wrlfth Night.

14. Cut and long tail. A proverbial ex-
preflioD for men of all kinds. It is bor-
rowed from dogs.

He will maintain you like a gentlewoman.
Ay, that I will, come cut ar.d hrg tail, under the
degree of a fquire. Skak. Merry Wh'Cs tflVindfcr.
At quintin he.
In honour of this bridaltee.
Hath challcng'd cither wide Tountee:
Come cut and iorg.tait^ ft>r there be
Six bachelors as bold as he.

Ben ycvfons Umler^oood.

Cuta'neoi.!. adj. [Tiom cutis, Latin.]
Relating to the (kin.

This icrv>us, nutritious mafs is more readily
circulated ir.to the cutaneous or remoteft parts of
the body. Floyer en Humours,

So.Tie lorM of cutaneous eruptions are occafioncd
by fccdTpg much.on'acid utiripe fruits and farina-
ceous fubftances. , jiibutbtioi.
Cu'ticle. n.f. [cuticula, Latin.]
i . The firft and outerraoft covering of the
body, commonly called the fcarf (kin.
This is that foft (kin which rifes in a
blifter upon any burning, or the appli-
cation of a blillering plaifter. It (licks
clofe to the furface of the true (kin, to
which it is alfo tied by the vc{rels which
nourl(h it, though they are fo fmall as
not to be feen. When the fcarf-(kin is
examined with a microfcope, it appears
to be made up of feveral lays of exceed-
ing fmall fcales. ^incy.
In each of the very fingers there arc bones and
gri(He>, and ligaments a.id membranes, and muf-
cles and tendons, and nerves and arteries, and
veins and fkin, and cj<ritVrand nail.

Hentley^s Sermons.

z. A thin (kin formed on the furface of
any liquor.

When any faline liquor is evaporated to cuiicit,
and let cool, the fait concretes in regular figures:
which argues that the particles of the fait, before
they amcrrted, lioatcd in the liquor at equal dif-
tanccs ill rank and file. Nc^iiton's lil>t:cks.

CvTi'cuLAR. adj. [from cutis, Latin.]

Belonging to the (kin.
Ct'TH, fignifies krwwledge or (kill. So
Cui/j-.L-in is a kiowing conqueror; Cuth-
red, a knowing counfellor ; Cuthberi,
famous for (kill. Much of the fame na
ture are Sophocles and Sophianus.

Giifon's Camden.
Cu'tlass. n.f. [coutelas, French. This
word is written fometimes cutlace, fome-
times cuttkax; in Shakefpeare, curtleaxe;
and in Pope, cutlaf!}.'] A broad cutting
fword : the word is much in ufe among
the feamen.

Were 't not better
That I did fuit me ail points like a man ^
A gallant curtleaxe upon ray thigh,
A boat Ipcjrin my hand. Skaiefp. As you like it .

To the ludgments of his herd he run,
Where tlte fat porIcct> llept bci\cath the fun ;

4

C U T

Of two hit cullafi launcb'd the fpouting blood,
Thefe ^uarter'd, fing'd, and fix'd un forks of wood.

Pofe.
Cu'tler. n.f. [couielier, French.] One
who makes or fells knives.

A paullry ring
' That (he did give, whofe poeiy was
For all the world like cutters poetry
Upon a knife ; love me, and leave me not. Sbak.
In a bye cutler's fliop he bought a tenpenny
knife : fo cheap was the inilrumcnt of this.(reat
attempt. fftMan.

He chofe no other indrument than an ordinaiy
knife, which he bought of a common cuilrr.

Clarendon.
Cu'tpurse. n. /. [cut uni fter/e.] One
who deals by the method of cutting
purfes : a common practice when men
wore their purfes at their girdles, as
was once the cufiom. A thief; arobber.
To have an open ear, a quick eye, and a nimble
hand, is oeceil'ary tot a cutftlrfe. ■• ;

Stjkejpcan'sfyinti.r's Tale.
A vice of Icings,
A eutpurfe of the empire and the rnle,
That from a (lielf the precious diadem ftile.
And put it in his pocket. Staktfftare't Hamlet,
Was there no felony, no bawd,
Cutpurfe, nor burglary abroad ? Hadiirat*
If we could imagine a whole nation to be carf.
purfes and robbers, would there then be kept that
fquare dealing and equity in fuch- a monftrous den
of thieves ? Bintley's Sertnor.s.

Cu'tter. n.f. [from «/.]
I. An agent or indrument that cuts any

thing.
1. A nimble boat that cuts the water.

3. \_Inci/ores.'\ The teeth that cut the
meat.

The mclares, or grhidets, are behind, neareft
the centre of motion, becaufe there is a greater
rtrcngth or force required to chew the meat than
to bite a piece ; and the cutters bef ve, that they
may be ready to cut of}' a morfcl from any fotid
food, to be tranfmittcd to the grinders.

Rjiy on the Creation*

4. An officer in the Exchequer that pro-
vides wood for the tallies, and cuts the
fum paid upon them ; and then calls
the fame into the court to be written

Ct/IVtll.

upon.

CuT-THROAT. v.f. [ctit and tbioat.] A
ruffian ; a murderer ; a butcher of men ;
an alFadin.

Will jou then fuffer thefe robbers, cul-lhroalt,
bafc pc'jple, gathered out of all the corners of
ChriOendom, to wafte your countries, fpoil your
cities, murder your people, and trouble all your
feaj ? KkoI/m.

Perhaps the cut-ihrc^l may rather take his copy
from the Pariliaa malT.icre, one of the horridclt
inOances of barbarous inhumanity that ever was.
known. South.

The ruflian robbers by no juftice aw'd,
And unpaid cut'ttroat foldierj:, are abroad ;
Thiife venal fouU, who, harden'd in c;u;h ill^
To fave complaints and profccutivn, kill.

DiydetCs fuvcnaU

Cu't-throat. adj. Cruel; inhuman;
barbarous.

If to take abive fifty in the hundred be extre-
mity, this in truth caa be none other than caf-
tlnat and abominable dealing,

Cirvi-js Survey of CormvalU

Cu'tting. n. /. [from cut.] A piece
cut off; a chop.

The burning of the cuttings of vines, and cading
them upon land, doth much good.

Bjcon^s Natural Hijiory,

Many are propagated above ground by flips or
cultingi. Ray.

CU'TTLE.

C Y L

CU'TTLE. ». /. [/efia.] A fifli, which
when he is purfued by a fifh of prey,
throws out a blark liquor, by which he
darkens the water and efcapes.

It "n fomcwhat ftrange, that the blood of all
birds, and bfafts, and fiflies, {Iiould be of a red
colour, and only the blood of the cuttle fliould be
»s black as ink. - Bacon,

He that ufcs many words for the explaining any
fubjeft, doth, like the cuttle filh, hide himfelf for
the moft pare in his own ink. Ray or. the Crcatior,
Cu'ttle. n. f. [from cuttle.^ A foul-
mouthed fellow ; a fellow who blackens
the character of others. Hanmcr.

Away, yi;u cutpurlc rafcal ; you filthy bung,
away: by this wine V\\ thruft my knife in your
mouldy chaps, if you play the fancy cuttie with
me, Shiikcfpeare^x Henry IV.

Cv'ci-E. n. /. [Jycltts, Latin J xi/xA©-.]

I. A circle.

z. A round of time ; a fpace in which the
fame revolutions begin again ; a perio-
dical fpace of time.

We do mor« commonly ofe thefe words, fo as

to ftile a ielTcr fpacp a tyclct and a greater by the

Dame of period ; and you may not improperly call

the beginning of a large peiiod the epocha thereof.

Holder on Titr;e,

3, A method, or account of a method,
continued till the fame courfe begins
again.

We thought we Hiould not attempt an unaccep-
table work, if here wc endeavoured to prefent our
gardeners with a complete cycle of what is requifitc
to be done tlirougbout every month of the year.

Evelfn^s Kalendar,

4. Imaginary orbs ; a circle in the heavens.

How build, unbuild, contrive
To favc appearanc^i how gird the fphere
With ccntcick and ezcentrick, fcribbled o'er
Cycle and epicycle, orb in orb ! ATilton.

CV'CLOID. ». /. [from xv»Uuir,<i, of
Kixh^, and I'l'J'©', Ihape.] A geome-
trical curve, of which the genefis may
be conceived by imagining a nail in the
circumference of a wheel : the line
which the nail defcribes in the air, while
the wheel revolves in a tight line, is the
cycloid.

Cyclo'idal. ac/j. [from cycloii/.'] Re-
lating to a cycloid ; as the cycloidal
fpace, is the fp.ice contained between
the cycloid and its fubllance. Chambers.

Cyclop/t. di'a. n./. [xuK^S-andTraioiia.]
A circle of knowledge ; a courfe of the
fciences.

Cy'cNET. n. /. [from cycnus, Latin.] A
* young fwan.

I am chu: cygnet to this pale faint fwan.
Who chaunts a doleful hymn to his own death.

Shakefpeare' 1 King 'John.
So doth the fwan her downy cygmit favc.
Keeping them pris'ners underneath her wings.

Shakeffearyr Herry VI.
Cygnett, from grey, turn white.

Bacon I Natural Hijhry.
Young cygncti arc good meat, if fatted with
oats ; but, ted with weeds, they taftc filhy.

Morthncr't Hufbandry.

CY'LINDER. «. f. [Ki>.»i^».] A body
having two flat furfaces and one circular.

C Y N

The quantity of water which every revolution
docs cany, according to any inclination of the ry-
linder, may be eafiiy found. fyUklns*

The fquarewUI make you ready for all manner
of compartments, bafes, peddlals, plots, and build-
ings ; your cylinder, for vaulted turrets, and round
buildings* Peacham.

Cyli'ndrical, T fl.^'. [from cylinder.'\
Cyli'ndrick. J Partaking of the na-
ture of a cylinder; having the form of
a cylinder.

Minora ferri llslaftitia, when feveral of thery-
lindrick ftri;e arc contiguous, and grow together
into, one Ihcaf, is callej brulhiron ore.

Pf'oodiujrd'i Natural Hi/lory.
Obftructions mud be moll incident to fuch pans
of the body where the circulation and the clallick
fibrx;s are both fmallcd, and thole glands, which
aie the extremities of arteries formed into cylin-
drical canals. Arbuthnot on AlinKr.ti,

Cyma'r. ». /. [properly written Jimar.']
A flight covering; a fcarf.

Her comely limbs ccmpos'd with decent care.
Her body ih:\dcd with a flight cymarj
Her bof tm to the view was only bare. Drydcn.

CTMA'TIUM. n.f. [Lat. from xvua.Ttov, a
little wave.] A member of architedlure,
whereof one half is convex, and the other
concave. There are two forts, of which
one is hollow below, as the other is
above. Harris.

lt\ acornice, the gola, or ^^m^riumof the corona,
the coping, the modillions, or dentelli, make a
noble Ihow by their graceful projcftions. SpeHator,

Cy'mbal. a. /. [cymbalum, Lat.] A mu-
fical infirument.

The trump'^ts, fackbiits, pfalteries and fifes,
Talnrs and cymbals, and the/houtipg Ronmns,
M ike the lun dance. Sbakejf rarest driolanui.

If mirth (hould fail, I'll bufy her with cares,
Silence her clamorous voice with louder wars ;
Trumpets and drums fliall fright her from the

throne.
As founding cymiaU aid the hb'ring moon.

Drydent Auiengxelc.
Cym a'kthropy. n. /. [xtij KDs^, and
aiS^iT'^. ] A fpecies of madnefs in
which men have the qualities of dogs.
Cy N ARCTo'm ACHY. [xfi;», a^ro'?, f/.a-
X^] A word coined by Butler, to de-
note bear-baiting v/ith a dog.

That Ibme occult dcfign doth he
In bloody cynat^'^ntacky.
Is plain enough to him tliat knows ^
How faints lead brothers by the nofc. lludibras.
CyNEGe'tICKS. «. /. [r.'juyr.Tma..] The

art of hunting ; the art of training and
hunting with dogs.

There are extanr, in Greek, fiur bioks of

cyneiiticks, or venition. Brcwn^t yul^tr E.rrottrs.

Cy'nical. Xa/ij- [■'-i'fix®'.] Having the

Cy'nick. 3 qualities of a dog; cur-

rilh ; brutal ; fnarling ; fatirical.

He doth believe that fome new-fangled wit (it
is his cymVj/'phrafe) will fome time or oilier find
out his art. Wdkim.

Cy'nick. n.f. [xiJirix'©-.] A philofopher
of the fnarling or currilh fort; a fol-
lower of Diogenes ; a rude man; afnar-
ler ; a milanthrope.

How vilely doth this cynick ;himc !— •
Get }ou hence, firrah; faucy fellow, heoce. Skak.

C Z A

Without thefe precautions the man degenerates
into a cynick, the woman into a coquette j the
man grows fullen and morofe, the woman imper-
tinenuand fantafticil. /Iddijon.

Cy'nosure. a.y; [from xiJj®' of^a.] The
ftar near the north pole, by which fail-
ors (leer.

Towers and battlements it fees
■ Bofon.'d high in tufted trees,
^ Where perhaps fome beaaty lies.
The cyn'.jure of neighbouring eyes. MiUon^

Cy'on. See Cion.

Gather cyons forgraffs before the buds fprout.

Kvdyn.
Cy'press-tree. n.f. [cuprejjus, Latin.]
I. The cyprefs is a tall ftraight tree, pro-
duced with great difficulty. Its fruit is
of no ufe ; its leaves are hitter, and the
very fmell and ihade of it are dangerous.
Hence the Romans looked upon it to be
a fatal tree, and made ufe of it at fune-
rals, and in mournful ceremonies. The
cyprefs-tree is always green, and never
either rots or is worm-eaten. Calmet..

In ivory coffers I have ftuft'd my crowns;
In cyprtfs cherts my arras counterpanes.

Skahfpiarr,

He taketh the cyprefs and the oak, which he

ftrcngtheneth for himfelf among the trees of the

forcft. Jj. xliv. 14.

Poplars and alders ever quivering play'd.
And nodding cyprejs form'd a fragrant (hade.

Pope's Odyjfcy.

2.- Being anciently ufed in funerals, it i*
the emblem of mourning.

Poifon be their drink.
Their fweeteH (hade a grove of cyprefs trees.

Shakefpeare's Htrry VIv

Cy'prus. n.f. [I fuppofe from the place
where it was made ; or corruptly from
cyprefs, as being ufed in mourning.] A
thin tranfparent black ilufF.

Lffiwn as white as driven fnow,
Cyprus black as e'er was crow.

Shakefpeare's lf')itter''s Tele,
A Cyprus, not a boiom.
Hides my poor heart ! Sbjiefpcare,

CYST. 7 »./ [xDrn.] A bag contain-
CY'STIS. j ing fome morbid matter.

In taking it out, the cyflis broke, and (hewe*
ilfelf by i:s matter to be a meliceris.

IVifcman's Surgery.

There may be a confumption, with a purulent
fpittinj^, when the vomica is containfd in a cyji or
bag ; upon tiic breaking of which the patient is
conwnonly fuffocatei. Arluihmt on Diet.

Cy'stick. adj. [from cyfl, a bag.] Con-
tained in a bag.

The bile is of two fortr : the cyjiic*, or that
contained in the gall- bladder, a Ibrt of rcpnfitory
for t!ie pail j or thr hcpatick, or what flaws im-
mediately from the liver. Arbuihr.ot,

Cysto'tomy. n.f. [xuri; and rij/.toi.'l The
aft or pr'adlice of opening intyfled tii-
.Tiours, orcuttlng the bag in which any
morbid matter is contained.

CZAR. «. / [a Sclavonian word, wiitten
more properly tzar.'\ The title of the
empcrour of Ruflia.

Czari'na. ff. / [from CKnr.'\ Tlie ttot-
prefs of Ruflia»

D.

D.

DAB

Dls a confonont nearly approach-
ing in found lo T, but formed
^ by a ftronger appulfe of the
tongue to the upper part of the mouth.
The found of D in Englifi) is uniform,
and it is never mute.
DA CAPO. [Ital.] A term in mufick,
which fignifj'ing from the head or the
beginning, means that the firft part of
the tune Ihould be repeated at the con-
clufion.
To DAB. v. a. \dauher, Fr.] To ftrike
gently with fomething foft or moid.

A fore fliould never be wiped by drawing a
piete of tow or rag over it, but only by dabbing il
with fine lint. Sharp.

Dab. n.f. [from the verb.]

1. A fmall lump of any thing.

2. A blow with fomething moid or foft.

3. Something moid or fliniy thrown upon
one.

4. [In low language.] An artift ; a man
e.tpert at fomething. This is not nfed
in writing.

5. A kind of fmall flat fi(h.

Of flat fi(h there are rays, flowks, i/«i», plaice.

Care^i'.

Da'b-chick. «. yl a fmall water fowl,
called likewife Dobchuk, and Didapper,
and Dipchick, Colymbui. Ray.

A Jab-cl/uk waddles through the copfe
On feet and \ying5 , and flics, and wades, and hops.

Piifr.
Te DA'BBLE. -o. a. {Jabbclen, Dutch.]
To fmear ; to daub ; to fpatter j to be-
fprinkle ; to wet.

A fiiadow like an angt, with bright hair

Dabbled \n blnod. Shat^ffeare's RictardiJl.

1 fcarifiuJ, and dabbltd the wound with oil of

turpentine. fViJanan's Surge-y.

Mean white tlie South, riHng with dubbUd wings,

A f.ibic cloud athwart the welkin flings. Hwifi.

7e Da'bble. t. n.

I. To pLiy in water ; to move in water
or mud.

Neither will a fpirir, that dwells with (lars,
dMk in this impurcr mud. ClamiilU'i Ai^tl.

The little one complained of her let;') th*t (he
could neither fwim nnr dabllt with them. L'EJIr.
But when he f -.und the b lys at play.
And faw them diibblm^ in thefr clay.
He Itood behind a (tall to lurk.
And mark the prourels of their work. Swi/l.

2. To do any thing In a flight, fuper£cial,
or fliallow manner ; to camper.

Shakcfpeurc Ihall be put into your hands, as
clear and a> fair as it came out of them : though
you, 1 thiuk, have been dabbling here and there
witb the text, 1 have had more rcvcience for the
writer and the printer, and left every thing land-
ing. ' yiltttriury ti ¥opt.

Da'bbler. ft. f. [ from dabble. 1
1. One th&t pLiys in water.

DAP

2. One that meddles without maflery ;
one that never goes to the bottom of an
affair ; a fuperficial meddler.

He dares rot complain of the tooth-ach, left
our dabbltrs in politicks (hould be ready to fwcar
againll him for difaffe£tion. Sioi/i.

Dace. »./• [of uncertain derivation : in
moll provinces called dare. Leucifcus.']
A fmall river USh, refembling a roach,
but lefs.

Let me live harmlefsly, and near the brink
Of Trent or Avon have a dwelling place 4

Where I may fee my quill or cork down fink
With eager bite of pearch, or bleak, or dace.

Wahon.
Da'ctyle. n.f. \}a.)iTv>.'><;, a finger.] A
poetical foot confifting of one long fylla-
ble and two ftiort, like the joints of a
finger ; as candtdus.
Dad. 7 n. /. [The child's way of ex-
Da'ddy. j pref[\ng /atber. It is remark-
able, that, in all parts of the world, the
word for father, as firft taught to chil-
dren, is compounded of a and /, or the
kindred letter d, differently placed ; as
tad, Welih^ aria, Greek ; atta. Go-
thick ; lata, Latin.] Father.

1 was never fo bethumpt with words.
Since firll 1 call'd my brother's father dad. Shak.

His loving mother left him to my care j
Fine child, as like his dad as he cou!d ftare ! Gay.

To DADE. 1/. a. To hold up by a lead-
ing firing.

The little children when they learn to go,
By painful mothers daJed to and iro. Drayton.

DuE'DAL. adj. [dredalus, Latin.]
I. Various; variegated.
z. Skilful : this is not the true meani:ig,
nor fhould be imitated.

Nor hath
The dadal hand of Nature only pour'd
Her gifts of outward grace. PbiJipi.

Da'i'fodil. In. /. [Suppofed

Daffodi'llv. S hy Siinner KQ he

Dafkodowndi'lly. J corrupted from
aJpbodeJus.']

This plant hath a lily-flower, confilting of one
leaf, which is bell-lhaped, and cut into fix feg-
mcnts, which incircle its middle like a crown ;
but the cmpalomcnt, which commonly lifes out of
a membranous vagina, turr\< to an oblong or
roundifli fruit, which is triangular, and gapes in
thice parts ; is divided into three cells, and full of
roundi(h (reds. Milltr.

Srrew me the green ground with dajfcdmvndiliifs,
And cowdips, arid king-cups, and Ijved lilies.

aptn/tr.
Bid amaranthus all his beauty (hcd,
And daffodillHs (ill their cups with tears,
To drew the laureat herfe where Lycid lies.

Milton.
The daughters of the flood have fcarch'd the
mead
For violets pale, and cropp'd the poppy's head :

DAG

The ftcrt rarcifluj, and fair daftdd.
Fancies to pieafe the (ight, and caltia fweet to
fratll. DrydtT.,

To Daft. i», a, [contrafted from do aft ;
that is, to lhro<w back, to thro^ cff.'\ To
tofs afide ; to piit away with contempt ;
to throw away flightly. Not now in ufc.

The nimble-footed mad-cap prince of Wales,
And his comrades, that daft the world alide.
And bid it pafs. Sbakt/ptarc't Henry IV.

I would (he had beltow'd thit dotage on me : I
would have daft all other refpefts, and made her
half myfelf. Sbake/feare,

Dag. n.f. [dague, French.]

1. A dagger.

2. A handgun; a piflol : fo called from
ferving the purpofes of a dagger, being
carried fecretly, and doing mifchieffud-
denly. It is in neither fenfe nowufed.

To DaCv. a. [from daggle."] To daggle ;

to bemire ; to kt fall in the water : a

low word.
DA'GGER. n.f [dague, French.]

1. A (hortfword; a poniard.

She fan to her fon's dagger, and (truck berfelf
a mortal wound. Sidniy,

This fword a dagger had his page.
That was but little for his age ;
And therefore waited on him fo '
As dwarfs upon knights-errant do. Hudibras.
He ftrikcs himfclf with h\% dagger \ but being
interrupted by one of his friends, he (labs him,
and breaks the dagger on one of hi? ribs, jiddiftin.

2. [In fencing fchools.] A blunt blade of
iron with a bafket hilt, ufed for defence.

3. [With printers.] The obelus; a mark
of reference in form of a dagger ; as

[t]-
Da CGERSDRAWING. ti.f. [dagger and

draiv.] The aft of drawing daggers ;

approach to open violence.

Tlicy always are at daggc-fdratving,
And one another clapperclawing, Hudibras,

I have heard of a cjuarrel in a tavern, where all
were at daggtrfdraicing, till one dcfired to know
the fubjcfl of the quarrel. Stvift,

To DA'GGLE. -v. a, [from dag, dew;
a word, according to Mr. Lye, derived
from the Danifli ; according to Skinner,
from b.ij, fprinkled, or bea^an, to dip.
They are probably all of the fame root.]
To dip negligently in mire or water ;
to bemire ; to befprinkle.

To Da'c. GLE. -v. n. To be in the mire;
to run through wet or dirt.

Nor like a puppy, daggled through the town.
To fetch and carry ling- long up and down, ftft,

Da'ccledtail. n.f. [daggle and tail.']
Bemired ; dipped in the water or mud ;
befpattered.

The gentlemen of wit and pleafure are apt to
be choaked at the fight of fo many daggkdtail par-
fons, that happen to fall in their way. S-wif!,

DAILY.

D A I

DA'ILY. aJj. [bajlic, Saxon.] Happen-
ing every day, or very frequently ;
done every day ; quotidian.

Much areV> bound to heaven
In Jt'ily thanks, thaPgave us fuch i prince. Sbtl.

Ceafe, m»o of woman born ! to hope relieJ"
From daily trouble, and continued griet. Pr-.-.r.

Da'ily. fl</f. Everyday; very often.

Let that man with better Icnfe advife,
That of tlie world leaft part to us is read ;
And daily how through hardy enterprize
Many grrJt rrgionn are difcovered. Fairy SluKr..
A man with wliom I converfed almoft Jai/y for
years tngetber. Dryier.

Da'intily. ad-v. [from daivty ]
1. Elegantly; delicately.

Trudi is a naked and open day-light, that dot)i
not fl»tw tht majk* and onunineTiss and triumphs
uf the world, ha)f (o (lately and dtiftUy as candle-
light. ^'""'•
i. Delicioufly ; pleafantly.

There is no region mi earth fo daintily w;itered,
with fuch cre« navigable rivers.

HKvd'i Vo:al Fmji.
Tbofe yowag fuitors had beta accoAomed to no-
tbiot but to flcev well, »iid fa.e daintily.

Brtm'i yinu of Efiik Poms.

J. Nicely; ceremonloufly ; (crupuloufly.
4. Squeamifti'.y ; faftidioufly.
Da'intisess. »./. [from dajniy.]

1 . Delicacy ; (bftnefs.

Wiiat Ihould yet tliy palate pleafe ?
Daimir.cf: and fofter tiii.
Sleeked ilrabs and ficeft blood ? Bn Janfon.

2. Elegance ; nicety.

The duke exceeded in tUe daimiiufi o( his leg
and foot, and the evl iu the fine Ihape of his
hands. fyition.

3. Delicacy ; delicioufnefs.

It was more notorious for the daintinefs of the
provifion which he fcrvcd in it, than for the mafli-
nefi of the dirtt. Hak:m!'di on Prenjid-.nre.

4. Squcainiflinefs ; faftidioufnefs.

Oi tnd, and lime, and clay, Vitruvlus hath

dif'^ouried without any daiittinffu ff^cltat.

r. Ceremonioufnefs ; fcrupulofity.

DA'INTY. adj. [derived by Ski/t/tifr from

diiit, an old French word for delicale ;

which yet I caanot find in diftionaries.]

1. PleafiDg to the palate; of exquiCte
talis ; delicious.

Higher concoSion is required for fwectnefs, or
plearui« of tafte, and therefore all your diiniy
plumbs are a little dry. Bacon.

2. Delicate ; of acute fenfibility ; nice ;
fqueamilli ; foft ; luxurious ; tender.

This is the floweft, yet the dainiitfl fenfc ;
For ev'n the ears of fuch as have no (kill

Perceive a difcord, and conceive offence ;
And knowing no: what '« good, yet find the ill.

Da'uifi.

They were a fine and dainty people; frugal and
yet elegant, though not military. Bacon.

3. Scrupulous ; ceremonious.

Which of yr>u all
Will now deny to dance ? She that makes dainty,
I'll fwear hath corn;. Shaktjf. Romeo and Julitt.

Therefore to horfc ;
And let us not be dainty of leave-taking.
But (hift away. Sbalcjfrare^s Mjcbelh.

4. Elegant ; tenderly, languilhingly, or
effeminately beautiful.

My houfe, within the city,
Is richly furnifhed with plate and gold,
Bafons and ewers to lave her dainty hands. Stall.

Vihy ftiould ye be fo cruel to yourfelf.
And to ihofe dainty limbS} which nature lent
For gentle ulage an^ fott delicacy ? Miltim.

5. Nice ; aiFededly ftne : in contempt.

Your dawty fpcakcrs have the curfei
To plead bad caufu down to worfc. Priir.

DAL

Da'Inty. n. f.

1. Something; nice or delicate ; a delica-
cy ; Ibmething of exquifite tafte.

Be not defnous of his dainties ; for they are de-
ceitful meat. Prci'tris, xiiii. 3.

A worm breedeth in. meat, of the ihape of a
large white maggot, which is giv^n as a great
dainty to nightingales. ( Bii.i.ti.

She then pioduc'd her dairy ft ife,

And unbought daintiis of the poor. Drydcn.

The fhepherd fwains, with fu/e abundance bleil,
On the fat flock and rural djioties feall. Pofc.

2. A word of fondnefs formerly in ufe.

Why, that's my dainty; I (hall mifs thee :
But yet thou ftalt have freedom. Stall. Ta^pift.

There is a fortune coming
Towards you, dainty, that will talcc thee thus.
And fet thee aloft. Ben Jonfcn.

DA'IRY. n.f. [from dey, an old word for
milk. Mr. /.y^.]

I. The occupation or art of making va-
rious kinds of food from milk.

Grounds were turned much in England either
to feeding or dairy ; and this advanced tnc trade uf
Englilh butter. TemfU.

z. The place where milk is manufactured.

You have no more wor'h
Than the coarfe and cotiuiry fairy.
That doth haunt the hearth or dairy. Ben jfonfin.

What ftores my aairiet and my folds contain !
A thoufand Iambs that wander on the plain. Vryd.
She in pens his flocks will fold.
And then produce her dtiiry (lore. Dtyden.

3. Pafturage ; milk farm j -ground where
oiilch cattle are kept.

Dairies, being well houttAived, are exceeding
commodious. Bifcon,

Children, in rfatVycountiic., ill wax ma.-e call than
where they f'ecd more upon uread and ilefli. Bacon.
D.\ IRYMAID. »./ [dair/znd fijaid.'\ The
woman fervant whofe bufmefs is to ma-
nage the milk.

The pooreft of the fex have fill an itch
To know their fortunes, equal to the rich :
The ^inmji^ enquires if Ihc (hall take
The trulty taylor, and the cook forfakc. Drydcn.
Come up quickly, or we ihzW .conclude that
thou art in love with one of Sir Kvg'.rs daiiy.ni.^iiis.

Mdiftr.

Da'isy. n.f. [bxjej-eaje, day's eye,
Chaucer. '\ A fpring flower.

Jt hath a perennial ro.it : t'le (lalks are naked,
and never branch out : the cup of the flower is
fcaly and (implc, divided into many fegments to
the foot-ftalk. The flowers are radiated ; and
the heads,, after the petals are fallen off, rcfemble
obtufe cones. Miller.

When daifies pied, and violets blue,
And lady fmocks all over white.

And cuckoo buds of yellow hue,
Do paint the meadows much bedight. Shakcfpeare.

As he patTed, the woods put forth their blof-
foms, the earth her primrofcs and days-eyes, 10
behold him. Hmael.

Now hawthorns bio (Tom, now Xhidaifies fpring ;
Now leaves the trees, and (iow'ts adorn ihe ground.

Pope.

This will find thee picking of daijses, or fmell-
ing to a lock of hay. Addijoti.

Fair-handed Spring onbofoms every grace j
The ditijy, primrofe, violet. 'rhomfon.

Dale. «./. [</«/«, Gothick ; //«/, Dutch
and German.] A low place between
hills ; a vale ; a valley.

Long toft with ftorms, andbcatwithbittetwinds,
High over hills, and low adown the dale,
She wand'rtd many a wood, and mcafur'd many a
vale. Fairy ^een.

Before the downfall of the fairy (late.
This dale^ pleafing region, not unbleft.
This dale poffcls'd they, and had ftill polTefs'd.

■ 7ichell.
He ftcii! along the lonely dali. Ttomf, Spring.

DAM

Da'lliancf. n.f. [itom dally.']

1. Inierchange ol* carefTes ; at^s of fond-
nefs.

Look thou be true : do not give dalliance
Too much tlie rein : the ftrongeft oaths arc ftraw
To t'r fire i' th' U'ooJ. Shakcfj>eare''s "TemfteJ}..

Nor gentle puxpofe, nor endearing fniilesi
Wanted J nor youthful dalllartccf as befccms
Fair couple liaic'd in happy nuptial icigue,
Afone ai they, Mihoftm

I'll head ray people j
Then think oi dalliance whew tjie danger^s o'er :
My warlike fpiriis woik now another way,
And my C^ul 's tun'd to trumpets, Drydcr*

2. Conjugal convedation.

The gi'int, feir-diJmaye 1 with the found.
Where he with his Ouefla dalliance found,
In hafte came rulhing forth from inner LowVi.^

Fairy ^-'^ff,
Tbatbower, not myftick, where the fapient king
Held dalliance with his fair Egyptian fpoufe.

Miltsjt.
Thou clalm'i^ me for tKy fire,
And ray fair fon here fhow'lt me, the dear pleilge
O't dalHanct had with thee in hcav'n. MdiQr.*

3. Delay ; procraftinatioq.

fc 'th wind and tide ftay for this gentleman ;
And 1, to blame, haveheU him here too long. — «■
—Good lorJ, you ufe this dalliance to excufe
Y )i:.- breach of promife, Shakcfpenre,

Da^lmtr. H.f, [irom dally .1 A trifter ;
a foadler.

'ihe Ually dalliers with pleafant worda, with

fmiling countenances, and with wageis purpofed
to be loil before they weie purpofed to be made.

ylfiharftm

Da'llop. n,/, [of unknown etymology.]
A tuft, or clump : not in ufe.

Of bifley the fine ft and grecneft ye find,
Ler.ve ftanuing in dallvj>s till time ye do bind,

fujfer^

To DA'LLY. 1/. n. [ dolkn, Dutch, to
trifle.]

1. To trifle ; to play the fool ; to amufe
one's felf with idle play; to loie time
in trifles ; to procrallinate idly.

Take up thy mailer :
Ifthou fhouldft i/j/Zy- half aii hour, his life,
With thine, and all that offer to defend him,
Stand in aliurcd lofs. Shakefftearc's ^"'^ hear.

He left his cur, and laying hold
Upon his arms, with courage bold
Cried out, Ms now no time to dally.
The enemy begin to rally. Uudibras*

We have trifled too long already : it is mad-
ncf3 to dally any longer, when our fouls are M
ftake. Caiamy^s Scrmors,

One hundred thoufand pounds muil be raifcd j
for there is no dallying with hunger. Swift*

2. To exchange careffes ; to play the wan-
ton ; to fondle.

He 13 nnt toiling on a lewd love bed.
But on his knees at mt:ditacion j
Not da'lying with a brace of courtezans.
But meditating with two deep divines. Sbakcfpeare*

3. To fport ; to play ; to frolick.

She her airie hu'il.d.-th in the cediir'a top,
And dai/ies with the wind, and fcorns the fun,

Shakef^eare*

4. To delay.

They that would not be reformed by that cor-
redtion, wherein he djllicd with them, /hall feci a
judgment worthy of God. H^ijdotn, xli. 26.

To Da'llv. ^, a. Toputolf; to delay ;
to amufe till a proper opportunity.

He fct down to perform feivicc, not by the
hazard of one fet b<tLtlf, but by dallying olT' the
time with often fkirmi/h'S. Knolla's Bijlr.ry,

Dam. n, /, [from dame, which formerly
fignilied mother. Had Nero ne^ver been
an emperouty Jhulde never his dame hanje
he Jlaine, Chaucer ^'^

I. The

DAM

». The mother: ufed of beaftj, or other
animals not human.

The dum runs lowing up and down,
Looking the wjy her harmlcfs young one w;nt.
Anil can do nought but wal her darling lofs.

Shaktflxare.

Mother, fays a fick kite, let me have your
j-raycrs. — Alas, my child, fays the dam, which of
tliL- -ods fliall I go to ? VEftratig(.

Birds bring but one morlel of meat at a time,
and have nnt fewer, it may be, than feven or
right young in the neft together, which, at the re-
turn of their Aj)HJ,do al. a: once, with equal gieedl-
nefs, hold up rhcir heads and gape. Riiy.

2. A human mother, in contempt or de-
teftation.

This bra: is none of mine ;
It is the iflue of Poiixena :
Hence with it, and, together with the dam.
Commit them to the fire. Shaicff. fP'mier'i tali.

Dam. n. f. [</«»», Dutch.] A mole or bank
to confine water.

Aj when the fea brealcs o'er its bounds.
And overflows the level grounds,
Thofi banks and iamt, that like a Ikreen
Did keep it out, now keep it in. Huditras.

Not with fo fierce a rage the foaming flood
Roar^ when he finds his rapid courfe withftood j
Bears down the dams, wjth unrefifted fway,
And fwecps the cattle and the cots away. Dryden.

Let loofe the reins to all your wat'ry ftor.'.
Bear down the dami, and open every door. Drydtrt.

The infide of the dam muft be very fmooth
and ftrclght ; and if it is made very Hoping on
each fide, it is the better. Mcrtimers Hvjbandry.

To DAM. V. a. [bemman, fopebemman.
Sax. dammen, Dutch.]

1. To confine, or (hut up, water by moles
or dams.

I'll have the current In this place damm'd up ;
And liere tSc Imug and fiivcc Trent (h. 11 run
In a new channel, fair and evenly. Shak, tiin. VI.

Home 1 would go.
But that my doors are hateful-to tny eyes,
FiU'J and djmm'd up with gaping cred.tors.
Watchful as fowlers when their game will fpring.

Ottvay^

Boggy lands are fed byfprings, pent by a weight

of earth, that dami in the water, and caufes it to

ipread. Mcriinsir.

'Tis you muft drive that trouble from your f !ul ;

As flreams, when damm'd, forget their ancient

current, ^

And, wond'ring at their banks, in other channels
flow. Sn:ill:.

2. It is ufcd by Shairjpeare of fire, and
by Milton of light.

The more thou damm'fi it up, the more it burni.

Shakrfpi-ari:,
Moon \ if your influence be quite damm'd, up
With black ufuiping mills, fome geiule tapcr^
Though a ru(h-candlc from the wicker hole
Of fome'clay habitation, vICt us
With thy long Icvell'd rule of ftreaming 1, ! '.

M,:t.r..

DA'MAGE. «./ yomagt, French.]

1. Mifchief ;. hurt; detriment.

Grofs errours and .ibfurdities many commit fur
want of a friend to till them of them, to the great
damage both of their fame and fortune. Pu.cn.

Such as were fcnt from thence did conim mlj
io more hurt and damage to the English lubjcfls
than to the Iriflj enemies, by their cun.inu:il ccfs
and extortion. Dav'ut.

t'z refulfed the enemy very much to their da-
mage. Clatendcn.

2. Lofs ; mifchief fuffered.

His heart exalts him in the harm
Already done, to have difpeopled lieav'n.
My damage foi.dly deem'd ! Aflltai,

3. The value of mifchief done.

Tbey believed that they were not able, though
they (hould be willing to fell all they have in

DAM

Ireland, to pay the damages which had been Aif- I
twined by the war. Clarmden.

\. Reparation of damage ; retribution.

The bifliop demanded reilitution of the fpoils
taken by the Scots, or damages (ox tlie fame.

Tell me whether, upon exhibiting the feveral
particulars which I have related to you, I may
I not fue her for damages in a court of juitice.

jiddifur.

5. [In law.] Any hurt or hindrance that
a man taketh in his eftate. In the com-
mon law it particularly fignifies a part
of what the jurors be to enquire of;
for, after verdift given of the principal
caufe, they are likewife aflccJ their con-
fciences touching colls, which are the
charges of fuit, and damages, which
contain the hindrance which the plain-
tiff or demandant hath fuffcred, by
me-ins of the wrong done him by the
defendant or tenant. Conuell.

V/h^n the judge had awarded i\it^ damages to a
peiTon into w!)ofc field a neighbour's oxen. had
brok", it is reported that he tcvorl'eJ Lis own
fentcnce, when he beard thit the oxen, which
had done this mifchief, were his own. H^alis.

To Da'm AGE. "z/.a. [from the noun.] To
mifchief ; to injure ; to impair ; to
hurt ; to harm.

I confidcr time as an immenfe ocean, into
which many noble aurhors are entirely fwall iwcd
up, many very much ftattered and damaged, fome
quite disjointed and broken into pieces. Addijon.

•ToDa'mage. <v. n. To take damage, or

be damaged.
Da'mageable* adj. [from damage.']

1. Sufceptible of hurt : as, damageabk
goods.

2. Mifchievous ; pernicious.

Obfcenc and immodcft talk is offenfive to the
purity of God, damageable and infcflious to the
innocence of our neighbours, and rnoil pernicious
to ourfclves.

Da'mascene. It. f. \_dam.tfcenus, from
Damafcus.'\ A fmall plum ; a damibn,
as it is now fpoken.

In April follow the cherry tree in bloflbtn, the
damafcene and plum trees in blonboi, and the white*
tho.ii in leaf. Satin.

In fruits rlie white commonly is meaner, .as in
peat plums, and daimi/cenes ; and the choictft p'ums
are bhck. iBaecn.

D.\'MASK. n.f. [damafquln, Fr. dami/-
chino, Ital. from D ima/cus.]

1. Linen or filk woven in a manner in-
vented at Dama/cus, by which part, by
a various dire£lion of the threads, ex-
hibits flowers or other forms.

Not any weaver which his work doth bnaft
In diaper, damafk, or in lync. Sfenfer.

Wipe your Ihoes, for want of a clout, with a
damnjk napkin. Stoiff's Rules to S^rvann.'

2. It is ufed for red colour in Fairfax,
from the damafk rofe.

And for fomc dcalc perplexed was her fpirit,
Her dama/i late, now cbang'd to pureft wliite.

Fairfjx.

To Da'mask. "v. a. [from the noun.] 1

1 . To form flowers upon (luffs.

2. To variegate ; to diverfify.

They fat recline
On the foft downy bank, damajk'd with flower*.

M'slim.
Around him dance the rofy hours.
And damajk'mg the ground with flow'rs,
With ambient fwcets perfume the morn. Fcnun,

DAM

3. To adorn fteel-work with figures :
praAifed, I fuppofe, firft at Damal'cus,

Dam ASu.pLUM. See Plum.

Damask-rose, n.f. The rofe of Damaf-
cus ; a red rofe. See Rose.

Damajk-rojes have not been known in England
above one hundred years, and now are fo common.

Sacon»
No gradual bloom is wanting from the bud,
Nor broad carnations, nor gay fpotted pinks.
Nor, Ihowcr'd from ev'ry bufii, the damafi-mfe.

Thomfortt
Da'maskENInc. »./. [from damajquiner,
Fr.] The art or aft of adorning iron or
fteel, by making incifions, and filling
them up with gold or filver wire : ufed
in enriching the blades of fwords, and
locks of piftols. Chambers.

DAME. «. f, [detme, French; dama,
Spanifh.]

1 . A lady ; the old title of honour to wo-
men.

The word dime originally (ignified a miftrefs
of a family, who was a lady; and it is ufed Itill
in the Englifli law to tignify a ladj : but in com-
mon ule, now-a-days, it reprefeats a former's wife,
or a miftrcfs of a family oi^the lower rank in the
country. IValis's Logkk,

Blefs you, fair dame / I am not to you known.
Though in your ftate of honour I am perft6>.

Sbak.J^eare*

Not all thefe lords do vex me half fo much
As that proud dame, the lord protcSor's wife.

■;i ■ ■ Stakefp)earii

Shut your mouth, dame I Shakifp. King Lear.

Sov'reign of creatures, univerfjl damf ! Miitvn.

2. It is iHll ufed in poetry for women of
rank.

His father Faunus ; a Laurentian djme
His mother, fair Marica was her natne. Drydtn,
Who would not repeat that blifs.
And frequent fight of fuch a dame i.

Buy with. the hazard or his fame ? Walkr.

3. Miftrefs of a low family.
They killed the poor cock ; for, fay they, if it

were not for his waking our dami, (he would not
wake us. L'EJirangt.

4. Vv''oman in general.

We've willing dames enough ; there cannot be
That vulture in you, to devour fo many
As will to greatnels dedicate themfelves. Shakefp.

Dames-vioIet. n.f. A plant, called
alio queen's gillyflower. Milptr.

To D.\MN. -v. a, [diimno, Latin.]

1. To iJpom to eternal torments in a fii'-
ture (late. ' . " ' "" ' ' '

It is rooft neccffary, that" the church, by doc-
trine, and decree,"^ ) a'-m« aiid fend to hell for ever
thofc fafts and opinion?. ■. Bmccn,

2. To procure or ca'ul% to be eternally
condei^ned. ' ' , - ^\'

That which ho continues ignora:\t of, having
done the utmaft lying-in his ppwer that he might
not' be ignorant of >t, Ihall not damn him.

Snuih's itnmnst
To condemn.

His own impartial thought
Will damn, and confciencc will record the 'fault.

Dry,Lr.

. To hoot or hifj any pablick perform-
ance ; to explode. - ... .

Tbey damn themfelves, nor will my mufe dc-
fcend
To dap with fuch who fools and knaves commend.

Dryden.

For the great dons of vilt,

Phrrbtis g'ves ihem full privilege alone

To damn all others, and cry up their own. Diyd.

Vou arc fo good a critick, that i; is the greatelt

bappincfs Qf the modern poets that you do not

heat

DAM

heir their works ; and, next, that ym an not fa
arrant a critick as to damn them, like the reft,
without hearing. Pcft.

Da'mnable. aJ/. [from </««».]
I . Deferving dainnation ; juftly doomed
to never-ending punifhment.

It gives him occjfion of labouring with greater
earnertnefs elfewhere, to entangle unwary minds
with the fnares of his dair.nabU opinion. Hmkir.
He '% a creature unprepar'd, i^nmeet for death j
And to tranfport him in the mind he is
Were damnable. Shukijp. Mtojurtfor Mcafure.

As he does not reckon every fchifm of a dairti-
ailt nature, fo he is far from clofing with the new
opinion of thofe who mskc it no crime. S'u'i/t.
2. It is foinetimes indecently ufed in a
low and ludicrous fenfc; odious; perni-
cious.

O thou damnai/e fellow ! did not I pluck thee
by the nofc for thy fpeeches >

Skaiijf fare's Meafure for Meefure.
Da'mnably. aav. [from damnablt.']
I. In fuch a manner as to incur eternal
puniihment ; fo as to be excluded from
mercy.

We will propofe the queftion, whether thofe
«ho hold the fundamentals of faith may deny
Chrift damr.ably, in relpeft of thofe coniequences
that arile frrmi them ? Ssuit'iScrmom.

2. It is indecently ufed in a ludicrous
fenfe; odioufly ; hatefully.

The more fwects they bellowed upon them, the
inore damnably their conlervcs ftunk. Dertilt,

Damna'tion. »./ [from<j'a/«».] Exclu-
fion from divine mercy ; condemnation
to eternal punifhment.

He that hath been affrighted with the fears of
hell, or remembers how often he hath been fpared
from an horrible damnaticr, will not be ready to
ftiangle his brother for a trifle.

Tayhr'i WV/iy CummunUatil.
Now mince the fin,
And mollify damnation with a phrafe :
Say you confented not to Sancbo's death,
But barely not forbade it. Dryden.

DA'MNATORy. adj. [from damnatorius.]
Containing afentence of condemnation.
X>A')AKZTi. part. adj. [from damn.] Hate-
ful ; detellable ; abhorred ; abominable.

Not in the legions
Of horrid hell can come a devil mo:c damned
In evils to top Macbeth. Skaleff,eiire'i Macbeth.

Let not the royal bed of Denmark be
A couch for luxury and damned incert.

Stakeffrare'i Hamlet.
But, oh '■ what damned minutei f. lis he o'er,
Wkodoata, yet doubts; tifpefls, yetrtrongly loves.

Sbakefpeare.
Date not
To brand the fpotlefa virtue of my prince
Witli falfeboods of mod bafe and damn d contriv-

Damni'fic. adj. [(rom damnify.] Procur-
ing lofs ; milchievoos.

f#DA'MNiFy. -v. a, [from damgificOfLi-
tin.]-

1. To endamage; to injure; tocaufelofs
to any.

He, wi«) has fuffcred the damage, has a right
to demand in his own name, and he alone can
remit, fatisfaftim ; the dimnifed perfon has the
power of appropriating the goods or fervice of the
offender, by right of felf-prefervation. Locke.

2. To hurt ; to impair.

When now he faw himfelf fo fre/hly rear.
As if late fight had nought him damnified.
He wa» difmay'd, and 'gan his fate to fear.
T> i. Fairy ^ueen.

Damnincness. n. /. [from damning.]
Tendency to procure damnation.
Vol. I.

DAM

He may vow never to return to thofe fins which

he hath had fuch experience of, for the emptinefs

and damnmgvejs of them, and fo think himfelf a

complete penitent. Hammond.

Damp. adj. [y^w/f, Dutch.]

1. Moid; inclining to wetj not com-
pletely dry; foggy.

She faid no more : the trembling Trojans hear,
O'erlpread with n damp fweat ai.d holy fear. Dryd.

2. Dejefted; funk; depreffed.

All thefe and more came flocking, but with looks
Downcaft and damf : yet fuch wherein appear'd
Obfcure fome glimpfc of joy. Mdttn

DAMP. n.f.

1. Fog; moid air; moifture.

Night ; not row, as ere man fell,
Wholefom, and cool, and mild j but with black air
Accompanied, with damps and dreadful gloom.

M'diov,
A rift there was, which -from the mountain's
height
Convey'd a glimmering and malignant light ;
A breathing-place to draw the damps away,
A twilight of an intercepted day. Drydrn.

2. A noxious vapour exhaled from the
earth.

The heat of the fun, in the hotter feafons, pene-
trating the exterior parts of the earth, excites thole
mineral exhalations in fubrerraneniis caverns, which
are called i/am^j ; thefe feldom happen but in the
fummer-time j when, the hotter the weather is, the
more frequent are the damps. Woodviard.

3. Dejcftion; depreffion of fpirit ; cloud
of the mind.

Adam, by this from the cold fudden damp
Recov'ring, and his fcatter'd fplrits retuin'd,

DAN

Da'mpnes8.«./ [from a'<j»;^.] Moifture j
foggjnefs.

Nor need they fear the dampness of the flcy
Should flag their wings, and hinder them to fly;
'Twas only water thrown on fails too dry. Dryd,
By (lacks they often have very great lofs, by the
dampmfs of the ground, which rots and fpoils it.
_^ , Mortimer,

Dampy, adj. [fioradamp.] Dejefted;
gloomy ; forrowful.

The lords did difpeli/am^ji thoughts, which the
remembrance of his uncle might raife, by applying
him with exercifes ar.d difports. Hayward.

Da'msel. n.f, [damoifille, French.]
I. A young gentlewoman ; a young wo-
man of diiHndlion : now only ufed in
verfe.

To Michael thus his humble words aJdrefs'd

Milton.

His name ftrucle every where fo great a damp.
As Archimedes through the Roman camp. Rojc.

Ev'n now, while thus I {land bleft in thy pie-
fence,
A fccrct damp of grief aomes o'er my thoughts.

Addifon.

An eternal ftatc he knows and confeflcs that
he has made no provifion for, that he is undone
for ever : a profpeft enough to call a damp over
his fprightlieft hours. Rogen.

Thiscommendablcrefentmentagainftme,ftrikes
3 damp upon that fpirit in all ranks and corpora-
tions of men. Sivift.

To Damp. 'v. a. [from the noun.]
I. To wet; tomoilten; to make humid.
z. To deprefs ; to dejeft ; to chill ; to
dull.

1 he very lofs of one pleafure is enough to damp
the reliflj of another. L'Eflrar.gc.

Dread of death hangs over the mercnatural man,
and, like the hand-writing on the wall, damps all
h'sjoll'ty- Aiietbury.

It would be enough to damp their warmth in
fuch purfuits, if they could once refledl, that in
fuch coutfe they will be fure to run upon the very
rock they mean to avoid. Stvift.

}. To weaken ; to abate ; to hebetate ; to
difcourage.

A foft boiiy damfeib the found much more than
» '"'■d. /,^„„.

4. To hebetate ; to abate motion ; to dif-
courage ; to dull.

Ufury dulls and damps all induflries, improve-
ments, and new inventions, wherein money would
be ftirring, if it were not fir this Aug. Bacon.

Unle/t an age too late, or cold
Climate, or years, damp my intended wing
Deprcfs'd. Milicn.

Da'mpishness. n.f. [from damp .] Ten-
dency towetnefs ; fogginefs; moifture.

It hath been u(<d by lome with great fuccefs
to make their walls thick ; and (o put a lay of
chalk between the bricks, to titke »vyay all da'mf-
i/bnif:, Bacon.

Kneeling, I my fervant's fmiles implore.
And one mad demj'el dates difpute my pow'r. Prior,

2. An attendant of the better rank.

With her train of damfils (he was gone
In (hady walks, the fcorching heat to (hun. Dryd.

3. A wench; a country lafs.

The clowns ate whoremaflers, and the damfeli
with child. c^^,

Da'mson. n.f. [corruptly from </a»»a/-
cent.] A fmall black plum. See Da-
mascene.

My wife defir'd fome damfons.
And mademeclimb with danger of my life. Shak.
Dan. n.f. [from dominus, as now don in
Spanifli ; and donna, Italian, from do~
mina. ] The old term of honour for
men, as we now fay Majler. I know
not that it was ever ufed in profe, and
imagine it to have been rather of ludi-
crous import.

Dan Chaucer well of Englilh undeflled. Douglafs,
This whimpled, whining, purblind, wayward
boy.
This fignor Junio's giant dwarf, dan Cupid, Siak,

Dick, if this ftory pleafeth thee,
Pray thank dan Pope, who told it me.

Prior's Alma.
To DANCE. V. n. [danfer, Fr. dan^ar.
Span, as fome think from tanza, Ara-
bick, a dance ; as Junius, who loves to
derive from Greek, thinks, from ^0-
mo-ij.] To move in meafure ; to move
with fteps correfpondent to the found of
inftruments.

What fay you to young Mr. Fenton ? He capers,
he dances, he has eyes of youth, he writ-s verles.

ShakeJ'piare.

To Dance Attendance, -v. n. To w»it
with fupplenefs and obfequioufnefs.

Wen are fooner weary to dance attendance at the
gates of foreign lords, than to tarry the good lei-
fure of tlieir own magiftratcs. Raleigh's Effays,

It upbraids you.
To let your father's friend, for three long months.
Thus dance attendance for a word of audience,

Dryden,

To Dance. 1;. a. To make to dance ; to
put into a lively motion.

Thy grandfire lov'd thee well ;
Many a time he danc'd thee on his knee. Sbakcfp,

That I fee thee here.
Thou noble thing ! more dances my rapt' heart.
Than when I fii(t my wedded miftrefs law
Bcltride my Ihrc&old. Shaktjpeart's Corielanvs.
In peltilences, the malignity of the infefting
vapour danceth the principal fpirits. Bacon.

Dance, n.f. [from the verb.] A motion
of one or many in concert, regulated by
mufick.

Our dance of cuftom, round about the oak of

Hernethe hunter. Shakefpean'tM.lf.ofH^indfor.

3 O the

DAN

The hoDOurablcft part of talk i< to give the oc- I
cifion, and again to moderate and pal's to fome-
viiat cire i for then a man leadi the djiiet.

Bacon-
But you perhaps rxpefl a modilh fealli
With ajn'rous fongs and wanton daua gtac'd.

Dryden.

Pa'ncer. n.f. [from dance.'\ One that
pra^ifcs the art of dancing.

He at Philippi kept
His fword e'en like a dancer, while I flrook
Thr lean and wrinkled Caflius. Shahfptart,

Muficians and dancers ! take fome truce
With tlvele your pleating laboors ; for great ufe
As much wearincfi as perft-ftio:i brings. Donne.
The earl was fo far from being a good dancer,
that he was no graceful goer. H'ction.

Ic is a ufual praAice for our funambiilouis, or
Janctrt on the lope, to attempt famewbat like tn
flying. IVllkm.

He, perfefl dancer I climbs the rope,
And balances your fear and hope. Prior.

Nature, I thought, perform'd toa mean a part,
Forming her movements to the rules of art ;
And, vcx'd, } found that the mufician's hand
Had o'er xh.c dancer'i mind Coo great command.

Prkr.
Da'k ciNCMASTER. n.f. [Jatice and maf-
ter.'] One who teaches dte art of danc-
ing.

The apes were taught their apes tricks by a
iartdngmajier. L^Efirange,

The legs of a dancMgrnafter, and the fingers of
a mufician, fall, as it were, naturally, without
thought or pains, into regular and admirable mo-
tions. Locke en Underjianding.
Da'ncingschooi. n.f. [eiancing s.aA
/chool.'] The fchool where the art of
dancing is taught.

They bid us to the EngliJh dancingfcleoli.
And teach lavoltas high, and fwift courantos ;
Saying our grace is only in our heels. Sbaktffeare.
A certain Egyptian king endowed a dancing'
fchiiil for the inftitution of apes of quality.

L'Eftrange.

Dasdeli'on. n.f. [Je»f de lion, French.]
The name of a plant.

It agneea in all refpcQs with the hawkwecd, but
only in its having a fingle naked ftalk, with one
flower upon the top. Miller.

For cowflips fwcet, let dandelimi fpread j
For Blouaelinda, blidifume maid, is dead !

Gay^l Pajlcrah.

■ Da'ndipr AT. a.y; [</aW;';j, French.] A

little fellow ; an urchin : a word'ufed

fometimes in fondnefs, fometimes in

contempt.
To DA'NDLE. -v. a. yanJeltn, Dutch.]
1. To fliake a child on the knee, or in

the hands, to plcafe and quiet him.

Then (hall yc (Tick, and (hall be born upon her
fides, and be dunJled upon her knees. Ifaiab.

Thy little brethren, which, like fairy fprjghtr,
Oft (kip into our chamber ihofc fwect nights,

■ And, kifs'd and dandled on thy father's knee,
Were brib'd n..'Xt day to tell what they did fee.

Dcnne.

• Courts arc but fupeHiclal fchool*

To dar.tlU r^^ols. Bacon*

S;>orting the lion ramp'd, and in his paw

. Dandled tlie kid. Millon.

Motion occalions Heep, as we find by the com-

, n>on ofe of rocking frowarJ children in cradles, or

djndtin^ them in their nurfcs arms. 'Xcmple,

a. .To fondle ; to treat like a child.

' Their child (hall be advanc'd,

And be received for the emperor's heir;
And let the emperor dandle him for his own. Shak.
They have put me in a filk gown, and a gaudy
fool's cAp ; 1 am afhamed to be dandled thus, and
caoiot look in the ^ lafs without blulhing, to fee
myfcf Cuincd iotu fuch a little pretty mafter.

Miijin'i G»ati>*n*

DAN

3. To delay ; to procraftinate j to protraft
by trifles : not in ufe.

Captains do fo dandle their doings, and dall)
in rhe fervice, as if they would not have the cnemj
fubdued. Sfenfer.

Da'ndler. n.f. [from </««&] He that

dandles or fondles children.
D a'n d r u f f. n. /. [often written dtndriff,
from tan, the itch, and bpop, fordid,
filthy.] Scabs in the head ; fcurfatthe
roots of the hair.
Da'newort. h. f. A fpecies of elder;

called alfo dwarf-elder, or wallwort.
DA'NGER. n.f. [danger, Fr, of uncertain
derivation . Skinner derives it from dam-
num. Menage from angaria, Minjhe-iu
from Jat®-, death, to which Junius
feems inclined. ] Rifque ; hazard ;
peril.
They that fail on the fea, tell of the danger.

Ecclus. xliii. 24.
Our craft is in danger to be fet at nought.

Alii, X. 17.
He hath writ this to feel my affedtion to your
honour, and to no other pretence of danger,

Shakefpeare.
More danger now from man alone we find,
Than from the rocks, the billows, and the wind.

Waller.

To Da'nger. Ki. a. [from the noun.] To
put in hazard ; to endanger.

Fompey's fon (lands up
For the main foldier ; whofc quality going on,
The fides o' th' world may danger. Shaktfpeare.
Da'ncerless.<j<^'. [tiooi danger. "] 'With-
out hazard ; without rifque ; exempt
from danger.

He (hewed no lefs magnanimity in dangerlejt
defpifing, than others in dangerous affefling, the
multiplying of kingdoms. Sidney.

Da''kgerous. adj. [irom danger."] Ha-
zardous ; perilous ; full of danger.
A man of an ill tongue is dangcicus in his city.

Ecclus. IX.
All men counfel me to take away thy life, like-
ly to bring forth nothing but dangeioui and wicked
cl}'e£ls. Sidney.

Already we have conquer'd half the war.
And the lefs dangerous part is left behind. Drydin.
Da''ngerously. adii. [from dangerous.']
Hazardoufly ; periloufly ; with danger.

But for your (on, believe it, oh believe it,
Moll dang'raujiy you have with him prevaiUd,
If nut muft mortal to him. Shak/Jf. Coriolanus.

A fort of naughty pcrfons
H.ive praflis'd dangeroujly againtl your (late.
Dealing with witctics and with conjurors.

Shakeffteare.
It is juft with God to permit thofc, which
think they (land fo furely, to (all mod danger-
oujly, Hammond on Fundamentals.
Plutarch fays, Telefilla, a noble lady, being
dangeroujly fick, was advifcd to apply her mind to
poetry. Peacham.

If it were fo, which but to think were pride.
My conftantlove would dangeroujly be tried. Dryd.
Da'ncerousness. ».y". [from dangerous.]
Danger ; hazard ; peril.

1 (liall not need to mind you of judging of the
dar.gcrottfntfs of dKcales, by the noblencfs of the
part ad'cacd. By!e.

To DA'NGLE. -v. «, [from l^ang, accord-
ing to Skinner : as, hang, bangle, dangle.]
I. To hang loofe and quivering.

Go, bind thou up yon dangling .ipriGocks. Sbak.

He'd rather on a gibbet dangle.
Than mifs his dear delight to wrangle. Hudibras.

Codrus had but one bed ; fo (hort, to boot.
That his fliort wife's flivt le^s hung dangling out.

Drydcr,.

DAP

With dangling hands he flrokcf th' imperial robe^
And with a cuckold's ur commands the globe.

Srmtb»

But have yon not with thought beheld
The fword hang dangling o'er die (hield ? Pr'ar,

2. To hang upon any one ; to be an hum-
ble, ufelefs, harmlefs follower. _ -

The prelbytcrians, aad other fanaticks that
dangle after them, are well inclined to pull down
the prcfcnt eftablifliment. Siuifr.

Da'noler. w./ [from fl'rt«r^/i'.] A maa
that hangs about women only to wafte
time.

A dangler is of neither fex. Kalfht

DANK. adj. [fromiuKcien, Germ. Siin-
7icr.] Damp; humid; moill ; wet.

He her the maiden (Iceping found
Oa the dank and dirty ground. Sbakcfftare,

'Vet oft they quit
TheiAni*, and rifing on ftiff pinions tour
The mid aereal (ky. Miltm,

Through each thicket, dank or dry.
Like a black mill, low creeping, he held on
His midnight fearch. Milton.

Now that the fields are dank, and ways are miie,
■Where (hall we fometimes meet, and by the fire
Help wafte a fullcn day ? Milton,

By the rulhy-fringed bank.
Where grows the willow and the oGer dank,
My Aiding chariot ftays. Milton*

Mc, in my vow'd
Piflure, the facrcd wall declares t' have hung
My danh and drooping weeds
To the ftcrn god of fea. Milton,

To wa(h the (kins of beafts and fowls herewith,
would keep them from growing dank in moid
weather. Crevt.

Da'nkish. adj. Somewhat dank.

They bound me, b?re me thence.
And in a dark and dankifb vault at home
There left me. Sbakejpeare.

To Dap. <v. n. [corrupted from dip.] To
let fall gently into the water : a word,
I believe, only ufed by anglers.

1 have taught him how to catch a chub, by
dapping with a grafshopper. ff^altc-n.

Dapa'tical. adj. [from dapaticus, Lat.]
Sumptuous in cheer. Bailey.

DA'PPER. adj. {dapper, Dutch.] Little
and aftive ; lively without bulk. It is
ufually fpoken in contempt.

And on the tawny fands and (helves.
Trip the pert fairie»and the dapper elves. Milton.
A pert dapper fpark of a magpye fancied the
birds would never be governed till himfelf Ihould
fit at the helift. VEjirangt,

Da'pperling. n.f. \ixQxa. dapper .] A
dwarf; a dandiprat. Amfivorth.

DA'PPLE. adj. [from apple ; ispommele.]
Marked with various colours ; varie-
gated ; flreaked ; imbricated : it is ufed
chiefly of animals.

My country neighbours do not find itimpofliblc
to think of a lame horfe, till they have run over
all beings that are, and then piich on dapple. Locke.
TeDA'pFLE. 1;. a. [from the adjedlive.]
To ftreak ; to vary ; to diverfify with
colours.

But under him a grey fteed did he wield, .
Whofc fides with dappled circles were endight.

Spinfir.
The gentle day
Dapples the drowfy eail with (pots of grey. Shai.
Horl'cs that are dappled turn white ; and old
fquirrels turn grifly. Bacon.

The lark begins his flight,
From his watch-tower in the Ikies,
Till the dappled dawn doth rife. Milton.

The dappled pink, and bl'i(hing rofe,
Deck my charming Cliloc's hair. Piier.

TJw.

D A R

The gods, to curre Pamela witK K:r priy'rs,
Gave the gilt coich and daff'.id Flanders mares.

Pofl.

Dar. In./. A fifh found in the Severn.

Dart. 3 Bailey. Dart is the fame with
Dace.

To DARE. v. n. pret. / ilurjl ; the pre-
terite / dared belongs to the aftive dare ;
part. I have dared, [beappan, Saxon;
derreit, Dutch.] To have courage for
any purpofe ; not to be afraid ; to ad-
venture ; to be adventurous.

Dareji thou be as good as thy word now ?^-
Why, Hal, thou knoweft, as thou art but a man,
I dart ; but, as thou art a prince, I fear thee.'

Sbakef^tcrc.

I dare do all that may become a man ;
Who darei io more, is none. Shakefpeare.

They are both hanged ; and (a would this be,
if he durjt ileal any thing adventuroully. Shak.

Neither of them was of that temper as to dare
any dangerous fa£l. Haywood.

The father bore it with undaunted foul,
Like one who durjl his deftiny controul. Drjden.

Deliberate and wcll.*veighed courage knows both
to be cautious and to dare, as occafioo offi:rs.

Drydin.

We dare not build much upon fuch a nation or
doftrine, till it be very fully citamin«d. If alts.
To Dare. -v. a. pret. I dared, ROi I durft.
To challenge ; to defy.

I never in my life
Did hear a challenge urg'd more modeflly,
Vnlefs a brother Jbocid a brother dan
To gentle czercife and proof of armt. Sbakiff.

Here Ihe (lands :
Take but poffeffion of her with a touch j
I dare thee but to breathe upon my love. Sbakeffi.

He had many days come half feas over ; and
fomet-mes pafling further, came and lay at the
mouth of the harbour, daring them to light. KrJlei.

Mafterj of the arts of policy thought ftiat they
might even defy and dart Providence to the face.

Sudlt.

All cold, but in her bread, I will defpife j
And dart all heat but that in Celia's eyes,

Rfjccmirton.
Time ! 1 dare thee to difcover
Such a youth, and fuch a lover. Drydtn.
Prefumptuous wrerch ! with mortal art to dare
Immortal power, and brave the thunderer. Graa-u.
To Dare Larks. To catch them by means
of a looking-glafs, or by keeping a bird
of prey hover:^ aloft, which keeps them
in amaze till caught ; to amaze.

Shrimps are dipped up in Ihallow water with
little round nets, not much unlike that which is
ufed for daring larks. Carevi.

As larks lie dar'd to fliun the hobby's flight.

Dryden.

Dare. «. / [from the verb.] Defiance ;
challenge.

Sextus Pompeiuj
Hath given the dare to Caefar, and commands
The empire of the fea. Stalefi^eare.

Dare. n. /. A fmall filh, the fame with
daee. Leucifcus.

Da'reful. adj. [dare itid full.] Full of
defiance : not in nfe.
We might have met them dareful, beard to
beard.
And beat them backward home. Shalefpcare.

Da'rinc. adj. [from dare.] Bold; ad-
venturous ; fearlefs ; courageous ; intre-
pid ; brave ; flout.

The lad Georgick has many metaphors, but

not fo daring as this ; for human palfions may be

moce naturally afcribed to a bee than to an inani-

Biateplant. MMJm.

Ibe ioog too Jaritig, and the theme too great.

rrisr.

DAR

Grieve not, O darhg prince, that noble heart.

Pofe.
Da'kjkcly. adv. [from daring.'] Boldly;
courageouily ; fearlefsly ; impudently ;
outrageoufly.

Some of the great principles of religion are every
day openly and daringly attacked from the prefs.

jittabury.
Your brother, fir'd with his fuccefs.
Tod daringly upon the ioc did pn-ls. Hatifax.

Da'rincness. n.f. [from daring.'] Bold-

nefs.
DARK. adj. [beopc, Saxon.]
I. Not light ; wanting light.

Fleance, Iiis fon, who keeps him company,
Jkrt embrace the fate of that dark hour. Shak-

While we converfe with her, we mark
Ko want of day, nor think it dari:., ff^aller.

z. Not of a fhowy or vivid colour.

If the plague be fomewbat dark, and the plague
fpread not in the Ikin, the prieil Ihall prpnounce
him clean. Leviticus.

In Mufcovy the generality of the people are
more inclined to have dark coloured hair than
flaxen. Boyle.

3. Blind ; without the enjoyment of ligkt.

Thou wretched daughter of i dark old man,
Condufl my weary ftcps. Dryden ar.d Lee's Oedipus.

4. Opake ; not tranfparent : asj lead is a
dark body.

5. Obfcure; not perfpicuous.

What may feem dark at the firft, will after-
wards be found more plain. Hotker.
Mean time we Ihall cxprefs our ^(jrilfr purpofe.

Sbaktfpeare.

6. Not enlightened by knowledge ; igno-
rant.

The age, wherein he Jiv'd, was dark; but he
Could not want Hght, who taught the world to fee.

Denbam.

7. Gloomy ; not cheerful.

All men of dark tempers, according to their
degree of melancholy or enthuCafm, may find
convents fittei to their fauraoun. jiJdifin on Italy.

Dark. n./.

I. Darknefs; obfcurity; want of light.

Come, thick night.
And pall thee in the dunneft fmoke of hell.
That my keen knife fee not the wound it makes ;
Nor heav'n peep through the blanket of the dark.
To cry, hold, hold ! Sbakcfftare' s Macbeth.

Cloud and ever-during dark
Surrounds me ! from the chearful ways of men
Cut off. Millon.

Whereas feeing requires light, and a free me-
dium, and a right line to the objects, we can hear
in the dark immured, and by curve lines. Holder.

z. Obfcurity; condition of one unknown.

All he fays of himlclf is, that he is an oblcure
perfon j one, I fuppofe he means, that is in the

dark, Atttrhttry.

3. Want of knowledge.

Till we ourfelves perceive by our own under-
(landings, we arc as much in xiMdark, and as void
of knowledge, as before. Locke.

To Dark. v. a. [from the noun.] To
darken ; to obfcure : obfolete.'
Fair when that cloud of pride, which oft doth
dark
Her gojdly light, with fniiles (he drives away.

&ftnjer,
7*0 Da'rken. •v. a. [hox&dark.]

1. To make dark ; to deprive of light.

Black with (urrounding forfllj then it ilood.
That hung above, and darken d all the flood.

Addifcn,
Whether the datkend room to mufe invite.
Or whhen'd wall provoke the (kcw'r to write.

Ptft.

2. To cloud ; to perplex.

Svvh was his wiidow, that his sonCdcnce did

DAR

feldom iarUn his foitUsght, efpedally in things
near hand. Bacon.

3. To foul ; to fully.

The lufts and palfions of men do fully and
darken their minds, even by a naturaliaflucncc.
^ Tilloijon,

To Da'rken. f. n. To grow dirk.

Da'rkhng. [a participle, as it feems,
from darkle, which yet I liave never '
found ; or perhaps a kind of diminutive
from dark, &3 young, yoiingliiig.] Being
in the dark ; being without light : u
word merely poetical.

O, wilt tliou darkling leave me ? do not fo. '

Skakejfejre.
DarWmg Hands
The varying fliore 0' th" world. Stahjptari.

The wakeful bird
Sings darkling, and, in (hadieft covert hid.
Tunes her noilurnai note. Mihon.

Darkling they mourn their fate, whom Circe's
pow*r,
■With words and wicked herbs, from human kind
Had alter'd, and in brutal fliapes confin'd. Dr^'d.
Da'rkly. adv. [fiom dark.] In a fitua-
tion void of light ; obfcurely ; blindly ;
gloomily ; uncertainly.

For well you know, and can record alone.
What lame to future times conveys but Vjrk'/
down. Diydeii,

Da'rkness. «. /. [fiQia dark.]

1. Abfencf of light.

Daikr.tfs was upon the face of the deep. Gctic/'s.

I go whence I ihall not return, even to the Uni

of darknefs, and the Ihadow of death. yd.

2. Opakenefs; want of tranfparency.

3. Obfcurity; want of perfpicuity ; diffi-
cultnefs to the underllanding.

4. Infernal gloom ; wickednefs.

The inftruments of darknefs tell us truths ;
Win us with honed trifles, to betray us
In deeped confcquence, Sbakefpeare.

5. State of being intelleftually clouded;
ignorance ; uncertainty.

All the light truth has, or can have, is front
the clearnels and validity of thofe pr<iofs upori
which it is received ; to talk of any other light
in the uaderdanding, is to put ourfelves in the
dark, or in the power of the prince of darknefs.

Locke.

6. The empire of Satan ; or the Devil,

Who hath delivered us from the power of dark'.
nrfs, and tranflated us into tlie kingdom of his
dear Son. Co/cjians.

Da'rksome. adj. [from dark.] Gloomy ;\
obfcure ; not well enlightened ; not lu-
minous.

He brought him thro' a darkfome narrow paf»

To a broad gate. Sfenfer.

And her fair eyes, like dars that dimmed were

With darkfcme cloud, now fliew their goodly beams.

i^penfcr.
You mud not look to have an image in any
thing lightfome ; for even a face in iron, red-hot,
will not be fccn, the light confounding the fm'aii
differences of lightfome and darkfcme, which (hcrfv
the figure. • Bacon.

A darkf'Mt clouJ of locuds, fwarming djwn.
Mud eat, and on the ground leave nothing green.

MiltiK.
He, here with us to be,
Forfook the courts of evcrlafting day,
A.i^ cbofe with us Adatifome houfc of mortal clay.

MillM,

Midakeji blelfing, which old age they call,
'Tis a long, natty, darkfome hofpital, Dryden.

The daikfome pines, that o'er yon roCks reclin'di
Wave high, anJraurniurto thehollowwind, Pofe.

'D\'B.i.itiXi. adj. [beophnpj, Sax. diminu-
tive of dim.] Favourite ; dear ; be-
3 O z lovtfd ;

DAS

loTcd ; ifegarded with great kindnefi
and tendernefs.

'Tis not for a generous prince to countenance
oppreflion and injufticc, even in his moft Jarling
favourite). L'EJIrar.gc.

Have a care left fome beloved notion, or fome
darling fcience, t09 far prevail ovet j'our mind.

War.'i.

Da'rlinc. n.f, A favourite ; one much
beloved.

Young Feidinand they fuppofe is drown'd,
And his and my lov'd durliiig, SLiikeJfettrt.

In Thames, the ocean's darling, England's pride,
The pleafing emblem of his reign does glide.

Halifax.

She became the darlinr of the princefs. Mdijan.

yiDARN. "J. a. [ofuncertain original.]

To mend holes by imitating the texture

of the fluff.

. Will (he thy linen warti, or hofen rfarn? Gay.

He fpent ever)- day ten hours in his clofet, in

darning his ftockings, which he performed to ad-

miration. Swift.

Da'rnel. «./ [lolium.'] A weed growing
in the fields.

He was met ev'n now
Crown'd with rank fumiter and furrow-weeds.
Darnel, and all the idle weeds that grow
Id our fuftaining corn. Sbaiiffcarc.

Want ye corn for bre»d ?
'Twas full of darnel ; do you like the tafte ? Shak.

No fruitful crop the fickly fields return ;
But oats and darnel choiAi. the rifing corn. Dryd,
To Da'rrain. -v. a. [This word is by
Junius referred to eiare : it feems to me
more probably deducible from arranger
la iattaillc]

1. To prepare for battle ; to range troops
for battle.

The town-boys parted in twain, the one fide

calling themfelves Pompcians, the other Csefa-

rians ; and then darraining a kind of battle, but

without arms, the Cafarians got the over hand.

Careiu^s Survey of Corniuall.

CoraesWarwickjbackingof the duke of York:
Darrain your battle ; for they are at hand. Shak.

2. To apply to the fight: of Angle com-
batants.

Therewith they 'gan to hurlen greedily,
Redoubted battle ready to darraine. Spenjer.

DART. n.f. [darei, French.]
1. A miiTile weapon thrown by the hand ;
a fmall lance.

Here one is wounded or (lain with a piece of

a rock or flint j there another with a dart, arrow,

or lance. Peacham.

0'cr\vhelmM with darti, which from afar they

fling,

The weapons round his hollow temples ring.

Drydtn.

t. [In poetry.] Any miflile weapon.
S^o Dart. -v. a. [from the noun.]

1. To throw offenfively.

He whets his tulks, and turns, and dares the war ;
Th' invaders dart their jav'lins from afar. Dryd.

2. To throw; to emit: as, the fun tiarts
his beams on the earth.

Pan came, and a(k'd what magick caus'd. my
fmart ;
Or what ill eyes malignant glances dart. Icfc.
To Dart. i/. n.
I . To fly as a dart.
a. To let fly with hoftile intention.

Now, darting Parthla, art thou (truck, ^hak.

To DASH. 1). a. [The etymology of this
word, in any of its fenfes, is very doubt-
ful.]

J. To throw or ftrilce any thing fuddenly
againft fomething.
1

DAS

If you dafi a done againft a flone 'm the bottom
of the wuiei, it maketh a I'ouud. Baccn.

A m.in that cuts himfelf, and tears his own
fle(h, and dajbei his head againft the (tones, does
not art fo unicafonably as the wicked man. lilUif.

z. To break by coUifion.

They that ftand high have many blafts to (hake
them ;
And, if they fall, they dap themfelves to pieces.

Sbakeffeare.
David's throne (hall then be like a tree,
Spreading and overlhad'wing all the earth }
Or as a ftone, that (hall to pieces dajb
All monarchies belidcs throughout the world.

Milton.

3. To throw water in flaflies.

Dafhing water on tliem may prove the beft re-
medy. Menimer.

Middling his head, and prone to earth his view.
With ears and cheft that dajh the morning dew.

lickel.

4. To befpatter ; to befprinkle.

This tempeft,
DaJJjing the garment of this peace, aboded
Tlic fudden breach on 't. Sbaieff. Henry VIII.

5. To agitate any liquid, fo as to make
the furface fly off.

At once the brulhing oars and brazen prow
DaJb up the fandy waves, and ope the depths below.

Dryden.

6. To mingle ; to adulterate ; to change
by fome worfe admixture.

Whacum, bred to daJh and draw.
Not wine, but more unwholefome law. Hudihras.

I take care to da^; the charaflcrwith fuch par-
ticular circumllances, as may prevent ill-natured
applications. AeldiJ^n.

Several revealed truths are dajhed and adulterated
with a mixture of fables and human inventions.
Sfeffator, N" 580.

7. To form or fketch in hafte, carelefsly.

Never was dajh'd out, at one lucky hit,
A fool fo juft a copy of a wit. Pope.

8. To obliterate ; to blot ; to crofs out.

To da/h over this with a line, will deface the
whole copy extremely, and to a degree that, I fear,
may Aifpleafe you. Pafe.

9. To confound ; to make alhamed fud-
denly ; to furprife with fliame or fear ;
to deprefs ; to fupprefs.

His tongue
Dropp'd manna, and could make the worfe appear
The better reafon, to perplex and di.fi
Matureft councils. Milton.

Yearly enjoin'd, fome fay, to undergo
This annual, humbling certain number'd days,
To dafi their p.-ide and joy for man feduc'd.

Milton.

An unknown hand ftill check'd my forward joy,
Dafi'd me with blulhes. Dryden and Lee's Oedifui.

To daJh this cavil, read but the praflice of Chrif-
tian emperors. South,

After they had fufiiclently blallcd him in his
peifonal capacity, they found it an eafy work to
dafi and overthrow him in his political. South.

Nothing daficd the confidence of the mule like
the braying of the afs, while he was dilating upon
his genealogy. UEJlrange,

The nymph, when nothing could NarcilTus move.
Still dafi'd with blulhcs for her (lighted love.

j^ddifon.

Some ftronger pow'r eludes our fickly will ;
Defies our rifing hope with certain ill. Prior.

Dafi the proud gamel^rr in his gilded car;
Bare the mean heart that lurks beneath a iiar.

Pofe.

To Dash. f. n.

\ . To fly off the furface by a violent mo-
tion.

If the velTel be fuddenly ftopt in its motion, the
liquor continues its motion, and dafiei over the
fides 0/ the vclTel. Cheyne.

DAT

Z. To fly in /lathes with a loud noift,

Un each hand the gu(hing waters play.
And down the roii(|h cafcade, all dafiing, fall.

Thitnfottm

3. To ruih through water, fo as to make K"
fly.

Doeg, tho' without knowing how or why,
Spurr'd boldly on, and dafi'd thro' thick and thin^
Thro' fenfe and nonfenle, never out or in. Drjd»

Dash. n.f. [from the verb.]

1. Collifion.

By the touch ethereal roos'd.
The dafi of clouds, or irritating war
Of fighting winds, while all is calm below,
They furious fpring. Tbomjom*

2. Infufion ; fomething worfe mingled in
a fmall proportion.

There is nothing which one regards fo much with
an eye of mirth and pity, as innocence, when it hai
in it a dafi of folly. Addifm^

3. A mark in writing; a line , to

note a paufe, or omiffion.

He is afraid of letters and charaflers, of note*

and dafiei, which, fet together, do fig^ify nothing.

Brovjn's yulgar Errours.

In modem wit, all printed trafh is
Set otJ'with num'rous breaks and dafiei. Swift.

j^. Sudden flroke ; blow ; a£l : ludicrous.

Stand back, you lords, and give us leave awhile.
She takes upon her bravely at firft dafi. Shak.

Dash. adv. An exprelCon of the fauod of
water dalhed.

Hark, hark, the waters fall ;
And, with a murmuring faund,
Dafi, dafi, upon the ground.
To gentle (lumbers call. Drydtn.

DA'STARD. n.f. [abaj-tpija, Saxon.]
A coward ; a poltron ; a man infamous
for fear.

The cruelty and envy of the people.
Permitted by our dajlard nobles.
Have fufter'd me by th' voice of (laves to be
Whoop'd out of Rome. Sbakefpeartm

Who now my matchlefs valour dare oppofe ?
How long will Dares wait his daftard foes ? Dryd.

Dajiard and drunkard, mean and infolent ;
Tongue. valiant hero, vaunter of thy might,
In threats the foremofl, but the laft in fight. Dryd.

Bug-bear thoughts, in the minds of children.
Make them dajlardi, and afraid of the Ihadow of
darknefs ever after. Locke.

Curfe on their dajlard fouls, they ftand aftoni (h'd !

j^dijon.

7«Da'stard. "v. a. To terrify ; to in-
timidate ; to defert with cowardice ; to

difpirit.

I'am weary of this fle(h which holds us here.
And dajlardi manly fuuls with hope and fear.

DrydiiH
To Da'stardise. 1/. a. [from daflard.^
To intimidate ; to dejecl with cow-
ardice ; to difpirit ; to deprefs ; to ter-
rify ; to make an habitual coward.

He had fuch things to urge againft our marriage.
As, now declar'd, would blunt my fword in battle.
And d^ijlardife my courage. Dryden^

Da'stardly. adj. [ from dajiard. ] Cow-
ardly ; mean ; timorous.

Brawl and clamour is fo arrant a mark of a
daftardly wretch, that he does as good as call him-
felf fo that ufes it. L'Efirange^
Da'stardy. n.f. [f torn dajiard.'] Cow-

ardlinefs ; timoroufnefs.

Da'tary. tf.J. [datarius."} An officer of

the chancery of Rome, through whofe

hands benefices pafs. Diel.

DATE. ;;./. [datte, Fr. from datum, Lat.]

I. The time at wliich a letter is written,

marked at the end or tJie beginning.

2. The

D A tr

f,The time at which any event Jiappened.

3. The time ftipulated when any thine

Ihall be done. ^

His days a \ times are paft.
And my reliance on his tVaftcJ liares
Has fmit my credit. ^ljUJj>!ares Time;!.

My lather's promife ties iiic nut to time j
And bonds without a dale, they fay, are void.

T. J , r '- DrydcK.

4. End ; conciulion.

What time would fpare, from fteel receives its
date\
And monuments, like men, fubmit to fate. Pafe.

5. Duration; continuance.

Could the declining ot this fate, O friend,
Our dute to immortality extend ? Dcnbam.

Then raife.
From the conflagrant mafs, purg'd and refin'd.
New heav'ns, new earth, ages of endlcis daif.
Founded in righteoufnefs. Milim.

6. Ihom da^ylus.] The fruit of the date-
tree.

Hold, take thefe keys, and fetch more fnices,
nurfe.
"—They call for daut and quinces in the paftiy.

Sbaktfpiart.

Date-tree. »./ See Palm, of which it

is a fpecies.
To Date. <k. a. [from the noun.] To
note with the time at which any thing is
written or done.

'Tit all one, in refpeft of eternal duration yet
behind, whether we begin the world fo many mil-
lions of ages ago, ot date from the late aera oj about
fir thoufand years. Bintlit.

To all their dated backs he turns you round :
Thefe Aldut printed, thofe Da Sueil has bound.

Da'telesj. aJj. [from date.] Without
any fixed term.

The fly-flow hours fliall not determinate
The dattUft limit of thy dear eiile. Shakejpeare.
Da tive. adj. [dati'vus, Latin.]

1. [In grammar.] The epithet of the cafe
that fignifies the perfon to whom any
thing is given.

2, [In Jaw.] Thofs are termed Jatiwexe-
cutors, who are appointed fuch by the
judge's decree ; as adminiftrators with
us here in England. ^ylife

To DAUB. -v. a. [dabben. Dutch j dauttr,
French.]

1 . To fmear with fomething adheiive.

She too for him an ark o( buliulhcs, and daubed
It with flime and with pitch. Exmiut.

2. To paint coarfely.

Hafty daukmg will but fpoil the piflure, and
make it fo unnatural as muft want falfe lijit to
f" " "'^ ,. . Ot^ay.

I hey fnatched out of his hands a lame impcrfcd
Jietc, rudely daubed over with too little reflcftion.

Tf 'a. • Dryden,

J( a pi«cire is dauhfd with many bright and

glaring colours, the vulgar admire it as an excellent

P'^"'- . yi'aut.

3. lo cover with fomething {pecious or
grofs, fomething that difguiles what it
lies upon.

So fmooth he daubed his vice with (hew of virfOe,
He iiv'd from all attainder of ful^ect. Hhaktjp.

4. To lay on any thing gaudily or oftenta-'
tioufly.

Since princes will have fuch things, it is better
fhcy fliould be graced with elegance, than duuhcd
with coll. u

Ut him be daub d with Uce, live high, and
whore j
S/metimes be loiify, but be never poor. Drydcu.

5. To flatter groCsIy.
i*t c»»iy ene, therefore, attend the fcntencc of

D A U

Wt cpnfcienco ; for, he may be fur«, It will not

daub nor Hatter. i-„„,^_

ToDavb. 'V. ft. To play the hyprocite :
thii fenfe is not in ule.

I cannot daub it further ;
And yet 1 muft. - Shahfftare.

Dauber, n. /. [(xom daub.]

1. One that daubs.

2. A coarfe low painter.

Wl;at they called his pifture, had been drawn
at length by the dauben of almoll all nations, and
ftill unlike him. /)^ ^^„.

ParU ot different fpecies jumbled together, ac-
cording to the mad imagination of the dauber, tt.
caufe iaughter. £,, ^^„,.

A (ign-poil dauber would difdain to paint
The one-eyed hero on his elephant. Dryden.

The treacherous tapfter, Thomas,

Hangs a new angel two doors from us,

As fine as daubin hands can make it, Si»i\ft.

3. A low flatterer.

Da'ubry. n. f. [from daub.] An old
word for any thing artful.

She works by charms, by IpeUs ; and fuch daubry
as this IS beyond our ekment. Shateffeare.

T^a'vby. adj. [from daub.] Vifcous; glu-
tinous ; adhcfive.

Not in vain th'induftrious kind
With daubj wax and flow'rs the chinks have lin'd.

c L «. . Dryden.

Some the gall d ropes with dauby marling bind,
Or fear-doth mafts with flrong tarpawling coats.
T\ ' Dryden,

Da ughter. n. f. [dauhtar, Gothick ;
bohteri. Sax. dotter, Runick ; dohter,
German ; dochter, Dutch.]
I . The female oiFspring of a man or wo-
man.

Your wives, your daughters.
Your matrons, and your maids, could not fill up
1 he ciftern e>i my luft. Shakejpeare.

Now Aurora, daughter of the dawn.
With rofy luftre purpled o'er the lawn. Papc.

A daughter in law, or fon's wife.
A woman.

Jacob went out to fee the iaugliers of the land.
rr 1 . . . dnefi'..

[.Jn poetry.] Any defcendant.
The female penitent of a confeflbr.

Are you at Icilure, holy father, now j
Or Ihall I come to you at evening mafs ? —
—My leifure ferves me, penfive daughter, now.

Sbahefpeart.

To DAUNT, v. a. [demter. French ; dcmi-
'«r^, Latin.] To difcourage ; to fright ;
to intimidate.

Fairfax, whofe mmt in arms thro' Europe rings.
And fills all mouths witli envy or with praife,
And all her jealous monarchs with amaze,
And rumours loud, which daunt remotell kings.

• Miiton.

Where the ruJe ax, with heaved (Iroke,
Was never heard the nymphs to duurt,
Or flight them from tlieir hallow'd haunt. Mllttit.
Some pi-efcnces daunt and difcourage us, when
others raile us to a briflc afl'urance. GlanvlUe.

DA'vKTtEss.adJ. [from</aa«/.]Fearlefs;
not dejefted ; not difcouraged.

Crow great by your example, and put on
I he dauni/efi fpirit of refuiution. Sbakefpeare.

■a, t""^'^' *" '°^'' "'' '" '''' ''3'" "^tu^nd :
With rhame his glowing cheeks, his eyes with
fury burn'd. Dryden', Vkgd.

He, not bjr wants or woes opprcfs'd.
Stems the bold torrent with a dauntlejt bread.
„, Dryden,

The utmoft weight of ajBiaion from miniderial
power and popular hatred, were almnft worth
bearing, for the gloi7 of fucU a daumUa condudt
as he has in(*_wn iimtAr :«■ P *,

DAY

as be has Ihewn under it.

DA't;NTLEs«NEss. »./ [from dauntle/s.l
Fearleffnefs. "^ ■*

Daw. »./ [fuppofed by Sii/iner fo named
from his note j by 7««/*i to be corrupt-
ed from daivJ ; the German /«/, 8*d dol
in the Bavarian dialed, having thS lame
fignification.] The name of a bird.
Menedula.

I will wear my heart upon mv fleeve.

For ,/^w, to peck it. ShakefpeareS Othello.

It death do quench us quite, we have greatwrong,

li^xdaic!, and trce>, and rocks fliould laft foiong.

When we muft in an inftant pafs to nought. Davie^,

The loud daw, his throat difplaving, draws
The whole alienibly of liis fdlow daius. Waller,

DAWK. n. /. A cant word among the
workmen for a hollow, rupture, or in-
cifion, in their fluff.
Obl'erve if any hollow or dawh be in the length.

rj- x\ Moxon,

/oDawk. -v. a. To mark with an inci-
non.

Should they apply that fide of the tool the edge
lies on, the Iwift coming about of the work would,
where a fmall irregularity of fluff fliould happen,
jobb the edge into the ftuff, and fo da-wk it. Maxm.

To DAWN. 11. n. [fuppofed by tlie etymo-
logifts to have been originally to dayen,
or advance towards day.]

1 . To grow lumi.ious ; to begin to grow
light.

I have been troubled in my fleep this night 5
But dawning day new conifort hath infpir'd.

... , Sbaielpeare.

As It began to daiufi, towards the firft day of

the week, came Mary Magdalene to fee the fepul-

!:, ■ u T ^ , Mattbe-«^

All night I llept, oblivious of my pain ;
Aurora datun'd, and Phofbus (hin'd in vain. Pope,

2. To glimmer obfcurely,

A Roman ift, from the very firft dawning of
any notions in his underftanding, hath this prin-
ciple conftantly inculcated, that he muft believe
as the church. i„^,^_

3. To begin, yet faintly ; to give fome
promifes of luftre or eminence.

While we behold fuch dauntlefs worth appear
In da-wning youth, and fouls fo void of fear.

f L L J. „ ., Dryden,

i hy hand ftrikcs out fome free defign.
When life a« akes and dawns at every line, Pote.

Dawn. n. /. [from the verb.]
I. The time between the firft appearance
of light and the fun's rife, reckoned
from the time that the fun comes withia
eighteen degrees of the horizon.

Then on to-morrow's dawn your care employ
I o Icarch the land, but give this day to joy.

. T) ■ • ^ - . Dryden.

2. Beginning ; firft rife.

Thefe tender circumftanccs dlffi>fe a dawn of
lereiiity over the foul. p^p^^

Such their guiltlefs paflton was.
As in the dawn of time inform'd the heart
Ot innocence and undiffombling truth. Thumfot.

DAY. «./ [baj, Saxon.]
I. The time between the rifing and fet-
ting of the fun, called the artificial day.

Why ftand ye here all the d.ty idle > Matthew,
Ot night impatient, we demand the day ;
The day arrives, then for the night we pray :
Tl he night and day fiicc.-ffivc come and go,
Ourlafting pains no interruption know. Blackmore.
_ Or objeft new

Cafual difcourfe draws on, which intermits
Our^^ji's work. m;,,„„^

2. Ine time from noon to noon, or from
midnight to midnight, called the natu-
ral day.

How

DAY

How many hoors bring about the daj.
How many Jayt will finilh up the year. Sbahfp-

3. Light; fun(hine.

Let us walk honcllly, as in the dty ; not In riot-
ing and drunkenncfs, Ramans,

Tlwweft yet glimmers with fome ftrcaks aiday:
Now fpurs the lated traveller apace.
To gain the timely inn. Sbakeffearc" : Mattelb.

Around th? fields did nimble lightning play.
Which oftiji'J us by fits, and fiiatch'd the djy :
'Midft this was heard the flirill and tender cry
Of .wcll-plea»'d ghoft3, which in the ftorm did fly.

Vrydin.

Yet are we able only to furvey
Dawnings of beams, and prnmifes of djy. PrUr.

4. Any time fpecified and diftinguiflied
from other ti;ne ; an age ; the time. Jn
this fenfe it is generiUy plural.

After him reigned Guthclinc his heir.
The juftcft man and trueft in his dap. Fairy ^.

I think, in thefe dayi, one honeil man is obliged
to acquaint anorlicr who are hi:» friends. Pc^e*

We have, at this time of day, better and more
certain means of information than they had.

U^codteari!.

5. Life : in this fenfe it is commonly plu-
ral. He ne-ver in his days bvokt his tuord ;
that is, in his luhale iife.

He was never at a lofs in his dsyi for a frequent
anCwer. Cjntt Life of Ormonde,

6. The day of. conteft ; the contell ; the
battle.

His name (truck fear, his conduft won the day;
He came, he faw, he feiz'd the ftruggling prey.

Rojcommon,

The noble thanes do bravely in the war j
The day almoft itfelf profefl'es yours.
And little is to do. Stjkeffeare's Maehetb.

Would you th' advantage of the fight delay.
If, ftriking firft, you were to win the day ? Dryd.

7. An appointed or fixed time.

Or if my debtors do not keep their day,
Deny their hands, and then rcfufc to pay,
I mu!f with patience all the terras attend. Dryd,

8. A day appointed for fome commemora-
tion.

The fieU of Agincourt,
Fought on tbe<£>y of Crifpin Crifpianus, Sbakiffi,

9. From day to day ; without certainty or
continuance.

Bavaria h;ith been taught, that merit and fer-
vicc doth oblige the Spaniard but from day to day.

Bacon,

To-day. On this day.

to-day, if ye will hear his voice, harden not
your hearts. Pfalms,

The part is all by death polTeft,
And frugal fate, that guards the reft,

By givjfis, bids us live lo-day, Fertlon.

Da'ybed. »./ [day ani. bed .'\ A bed u fed
for idlenefs and luxury in the day-time.

Calling my officers about me, in my branched
velv«t gown ; having come, down from a dayhid,
where 1 have left Olivia deeping.

SbakijfKdre' I tioilftb Nigbi.

Da'ybook. «./. [from fl'ay and ^oo*.] A
tradefman's journal ; a book in which
all the occurrences of the day are fet
dpwn.

Da'ybheaK. a./ \_day dM^ hreak."] The
dawH ; the Aril appearance of light.

1 watched the early glories of her eyes,
As men for daybrui watch the Eaftern Ikies.

Drfden.

Dayla'boui. It./, [day And laiour.'l La-
bour by the day ; labour divided into
daily taflts.

Doth Ood ex»(\ daylabour, light denied,
) foiidiy ^(k ' Milton.

OtjIaboMr wat but an hard and a dry kind ol

9

D A Z

livelihood to 11 man that coutd get tn eftite with
two or three ftrokes of his pen. South,

Dayla'bourer. ». /. [from </ay/«^e«r.]
One that works by the day.

In one night, ere glimpfe of mom,
His Ihadowy flail hath thrclh'd the corn
That ten daylalourcn could not end. Milton,

The dayhhourf, in a country village, has com-
monly but a fmall pittance of courage. Lech,
Da'ylicht. n. /. [day &nd light.] The
light of the day, as oppofed to that of
the moon, or a taper.

By this the drooping dayligbl "gan to fade.
And yield his room to fad fucceeding night.

Fuiry S^ecn.
Thou flialt buy this dear.
If ever I thy face by dayligbl fee.
Now go tliy way. Shalffpeare,

They, by dayligbt paffing through the Turks
fle-t, recovered the haven, to the joy of the be-
fiegcd ChrifVians. Knoltts,

He ftands in dayUgbt, and difdains to hide
An a£h, to which by honour he is tied. Dryden,
Vi'iW you murder a man in plain daylight f

Dryden.
Though rough bears in covert feck defence.
White foxes ftay, with feeming innocence ;
That crafty kind with jiayligbt can di^enle.

Dry dm.
If bodies be illuminated by the ordinary prif-
matlck colours, they will appear neither of their
own daylight colours, nor of the colour of the
light cait oil them, but of fome middle CLilour be-
tween both. Ncwron^s Opticks.

Day-lily. «./ The fame with Aspho-
del, which fee.

Da'ysman. n.f. [day and man,] An old
word for umpire. Ainfworth. Perhaps
rather, furety.

For what art thou,
That mak'ft thyfelf his daysman, to prolong
The vengeance picil ? ^ Tahy Sliiun.

Da'ysprinc. n.f. [Jay Tcnd/pring.] The
rife of the day ; the dawn ; the firil ap-
pearance of light.

So all ere day/fring, under confcious night,
Secret they Mniih'd, and in order let. Milton,

The breath of heav'n frcfli-blowing, pure and
fwect,
With dayjfring born, here leave me to refpire.

Milton.

Da'ystar. n. /. [Jay axid Jlar.] The
morning ftar.

I meant to make her fair, and free, and wife.
Of greatcft blood, and yet more good than great :

I meant the dayftar Ihould not brighter rife.
Nor lend like influence from hit lucent fear.

Ben Jonjon,
Sunk though he be beneath the wat'ry floor }
So finks the day-Jlar in the ocean bed,
And yet anon repairs his drooping head. Milton.
Da'ytime. n.f. [day and tinu,'] The
time in which there is light ; oppofed
to night.

In the daytime Fame fitteth in a watch-toVer,
and flicth moft by night j flic rn'mgletli things
done with things not done, and is a terror to great
cities. Bacon.

My ants never brought out their corn but ia the

night when the moon did fliine, and kept it under

ground in the daytime. ^Idiiifcn,

Da'ywork. n. /. [day and luori.] Work

impofed by the day ; daylabour.

True labour in the vineyard of thy lord.
Ere prime thou haft th' imputed dayivork done.

. Fairfax,

To DAZE. V, a, [ bpais, Saxon. ] To
overpower with light ; to ftrikc with
too ftrong lullre; to hinder the aft of
feeing by too much light fuddenly in-
troduced.

D E A

They famte the gliftering armies, is they Rmif
With quivering beams, which dax'd the wond'rin^
eye. Fairfax,

Poor human kind, ill dex'J in open day.
Err after blifs, ahd blindly mifs their way. DiyJ.

D a'z I E D. adj, [rather da^td. See Da i s y.]
Belprinkled with daifies.

I.et us
Find out the prettied daxied plot we can.
And make him a grave. Sbakefpeare's Cymhelinet

To Da'zzle. -v. a, [See DAZE.]

1. To overpower with light; to hinder
the aftion of the fight by fuddcn lullre.

Fears ufeto be reprefentcd in fuch an imaginary

' fafliion, as they rather dazxie men's eyes than

open them. Bacim*

How ii it that fome wits are interrupted.
That now they daxxled are, now clearly fee ?

Davui,

2. To flrike or furprife with Iplendour.

Thofe heavenly mapes
Will daxxle now this earthly with their blaze
Infutfcrably bright. Mi/icnS

The places that have either fliining fentiments
or manners, have no occafion for them : i daz-
xling enprcflion rather damages them, and lirrvej
only to eclipfe their beauty. Pope4

Ah, friend ! to daxxlc let the vain defign j
To laife the thought, or touch the heart, be thine.

Pep,:

To Da'zzle. v, n. To bo overpowered
with light ; to lofe the power of iight.

Daxale mine eyes ? or do 1 foe three funs ?

Shakefpeare,
Come, boy, and go with me; thy fight is young.
And you fliall read when mine begins to daxxle,

Sbakefpeare,
An overllght maketh the eyes daxzJe, info-
much as perpetual looking againft the fun woul4
caufc blindnefs. Sacon,

I dare not truft thefe eyes ;
They dance in mifts, and da:cxU with furprirr.

Drydcnt

DE'ACON. n.f. [^/<j«;!«/, Latin.]

1. One of the lowell of the three orders

of the clergy.

I.ikcwife mud thc</f.r««ibe grave. iTim, iii.S.

The conftitutions that the apoftles made con-
cerning dtaconj and widows, are very tmportunely
urged. Bp. Sandtrfm.

2. [In Scotland.] An overfeer of the poor,

3. And alfo the mailer of an incorporated
company.

De'aconess. n.f, [{torn deacon,] A fe-
male officer in the ancient church.

De'aconry. \n,/. [from </f(7i-««.] The

De'aconship. y oiHce or dignity of a
deacon.

DEAD. adj. [beab, Saxon ; dood, Dutch.]

1. Deprived of life ; exanimated.

The queen, my lord, is dead :
——She fliould have died hereafter.

Sbakefpeare^s Maehetb.

A brute or a man arc another thing when they

are alive, from what they arc when dead. Hale.

She cither from her hopclefs lover fled.
Or with difdainfal glances ibot him dead. Dryden*

2. With o/" before the caufe of death.

This Indian told them, tl'.at, miitiiking their
courfe, the crew, all except I'.imfclf, were dead of
hu'ijer. Arbuibaott

3. Without life; inanimate.

All, all but truth, drops dtad-\iara from tht

prcfs.
Like the lad gazette, or like the laft addrefs. Pope.

4. Imitating death ; fenfelefs ; motionlefs.

At thy rebuke, O Ood of Jacob, both the cha-
riot and horfe are cad into a dead flcep. Pfalmi.

Anointing of the forehead, neck, feet, and
backbone, we know is ufed for procuring dead
fleeps, Ba,aru

5. Uiiaaive;

D E A

• J, Unafllve ; motionlefs.

The tin fcid fonietimcs higher, =nj fometimes

A tower, according to the quick vent and abundance,

or thetiead fale and f;arcity. Carnv.

Nay, there's a tii-.; when e'en the rolling year
Seems to (land ftill •. i!eadca\ms are in the ocean.
When not a breath difturbs the droufy main. Lie.

They cannot bear the rfM</ weight of unemployed
time lying upon their hands, nor the uncalinefs it
IS to do nothing at all. Lath'

6, Empty ; vacant.

This colour often carries the mind away; yea,
it deceiveth the fenfe; and it feemeth to the eye
a (horter diftance of way, if it be all diad and con-
tinued, than if it have trees or buildings, or any
other marks whereby the eye may divide it. Buccr..

Nought but a blank remains, a dcadioM fpace,
A ftep of life, that promis'd fuch a race. Drydei.

•J. Ufelefs ; unprofitable.

The commodities of the kingdom they took,
though they lay dtad upon their hands for want of
»ent. Baan.

Perfuade a prince that he is irrefiftible, and he
will take care not to let fo glorious an attribute lie
dead and ufc'.cfs by him. Mdifin.

8. Dull ; glcwmy ; unemployed.

Travelling over Amanus, then covered with
deep (how, tfaey came in tiie<f»</ winter to Aleppo.

' Kn-J/ei.

There is fomething unfpeakabiy chearful in a
fpot of ground which is coveied with trees, that
imiles amidft all the rigours of winter, and gives
U4 a view of the moH gay feafon in the niidH of
that which is the mod dead and melancholy.

jiJdifeti.

9. Still ; obfcure.

Their flight was only deferred until they might
cover their diforders by the dead darkncfs of the
night. Hay-ward.

10. Having no refemblance of life.

At a fccond fitting, though I alter not the
draught, I muft touch the fame features over
again, and change the dead colouring of the
whole. DryJer.

11. Obtufe ; dull; not fprightly : ufed of
' founds.

We toc/k a bell of about two inches in diameter
at the bottom, which was fupported in the midll
•f the cavity of the receiver by a bent llick, in
which when it was dofed up, tiie bell fcemed to
found most dead than it did when jull be/ore ':t
founded in the open air. Boyie,

1 2. Dull ; frigid ; not animated ; not
affefting.

How cold and dead does a prayer appear, that is
compofed in the moft elegant forms of fpcech,
when it is not heightened by folemnity of phrafe
from the facred writings. Addijon.

13. Taftelefs ; vapid; fpiritlefs: ufed of
liquors.

14. Uninhabited.

Somewhat is left under diai walls and dry
ditches. Arhuiimi.

15. Without the natural force or efficacy:
as, a dead_/frf.

16. Without the power of vegetation : as,
a dead bough.

17. [In theology.] The ftate of fpiritual
death ; lying under the power of fin.

You hath he quickened, who were dead in tref-
palfes and fins. Mj'hef, ii. i.

yif Dead. n. /. Dead men.

jove faw from high, with juft difdain,
The dead infpird with vital life again. Dryden.

The ancient Romans generally buried their
dead near the great roads. Add':fin.

That the dead Ihall rife and live ajain, is b'--
yond the difcovery of reafon, and is purely a mat-
ter of faith. Locke,

The row'ring bard had fung, in nobler lays.
How the Ull trumpet wakci tbs lazy dead, Smiib.

. DE.A

Dead. «./. Time in which there is rs.
markablc fliilnefs or gloom ; as at mid-
winter and midnight.

After this life, to liope for the favours of mercy
then, is to expefl an harveft in the </Mrf of winter,

Soulh,
In the dejd of the night, when the men and

their dogs were all fallafieep. L' EJirange,

At length, in dead of nigiit, the gholl appears

Of her unhappy lord. Dryden.

To Dead. 'v. n. [from the noun.] To lofe
force, of whatever kind.

Iron, as foon as it is out of the fire, deadeib
(Iraptways. Bacm't Natural Hijiary.

To Dead. 7

T- T\ ' > "J, a.

■fo De ADEN. 3

1 . To deprive of any kind of force or fen-
fa tion.

That the found may be extinguilhed or deaded
by difcharging the pent air, before it Cometh to
the mouth of the piece, and to the open air, is
not probable. ^ Bacon.

It is requifite that the tympanum be tenfe, and
hard llretched, othcrwife the laxnefs of rhat mem-
brane will certainly dead and damp the found.

Holder.
I This motion would tie quickly deadtned by
countermotions. GlannjUWs ScLpJts Scienfjjica.

We will not oppofe any thhig to them that is
hard and ilubtorn, but by a loft anfwer de.iden
their force by degrees. Burnet's 1'heiry.

Our dreams aie great inftances of that aftivity
which is natural to the human foul, and which is
not in the power of lleep to i&Ai^ii or abate.

Spe^ator,

Anodynes ars fiich things as relax the tenfion
of the a^edled nervous fibres, or deftroy the par-
ticular acrimony which occafions the pain j or
what deadens the fenfation of the brain, by pro-
curing fleep. ylrbuthntt on Diet.

2. To make vapid, or fpiritlefs.

The beer and the wine, as well within water as
above, h^ve not been palled or deaded at all. Bjc^n.

Dead- DO INC. participial aeij, [^eleaei and
eio."] Deftruftive ; killing; mifchie-
vous ; having the power to make dead.

Hold, O dear lord, your dead-doing hand.
Then loud he cried, I am your humble thrall.

SpCTJjer,

They never care how many others
They kill, without regird of mothers,
Or wives, or children, fo they can
Make up ftujw fierce dead duing man. JIudibras.

Dead-li FT. n./. [e/ea/i a.xidL lift ."l Hope-
lefs exigence.

And have no power at all, nor Ihift,

To help itfelf at a </«(/-.'(/>. Hudilras.

De'adly. «//?. [from dtaii.'\

1. Deftruftive ; mortal; murderous.

She then on Romej cnlls, as if that name.
Shot from the deadly level of a gun,
Did murthcr her. Siakefpeare,

Dry mourning will decay more deadly bring,
As a north wind bur.is a too forward fpiing;
Give fjrrow vent, and let ihc fiuiccs go. Dryden,

2. Mortal ; implacable.

The Nu.Tiidians, in number infinite, are deadly
enemies unto the Turks. Knolles.

De'adly. ad-v,

1. In a manner refembling the dead.

Like dumb Itatiies, or unbrcathing ftones,
Star'd each on other, and look'd deadly pale. Shik.

Young Arcite heard, and up he ran with hafte.
And alk'd him why he look'd fo deadly wan ?

Dryden.

2. Mortally.

1 will break Pharanh*9 arms, and he fiiall groan
before him with the groaniugs of a deadly wounded
man. £x. XXX. 24..

3. Implacably; irrcconcileably ; deftruc-
tlvely.

D E A

4. It is fometimes ufed in a ludicrony
fenfe, only to enforce the fignification
of a word.

Mettled fchoolboys, fet to cufl^.
Will not confcl's that they have done enoujh.
Though deadly weary. Orrery,

John. had got Jn impreflion, that Lewis was ('»
deadly cunning a man, that he was afraid to ven-
ture himlell alone with him. Arbulbnot,
De'auness. n.f. [from elead.'\
I. Frigidity; want of warmth; want of
ardour ; want of afieftion.

His grace removes tiie det'ett of inclination, by
taking oft' our natural dcadncjs and difafleftion
tow.irds them. Rogers.

z. Weaknefs of the vital powers; languor j
faintnefs ; inaftivity of the fpirits.

Your gloomy eyes betray a deadiiejs.
And inward languifiiing. Dryden and Lee's Oedipus*
3. Vapidnefs of liquors ; lofs of fpirit.

Dcadnejs or fiatnels in cyder is often occafioned
by the too free admiflion of air into the vefl'ek.

Mortimer,

De'adnettle. n.f. A weed ; the fame
with archangel.

Dead-reckoning. »./ [A fea term.]
That eftimation or conjefture which the
feamen make of the place where a fhip
is, by keeping an account of her way by
the log, by knowing the courfe they
have fleered by the compafs, and by
reftifying all with allowance for drift or
lee-way ; fo that this reckoning is with-
out any obfervation of the fun, moon,
and liars, and is to be reftified as often
as any good obfervation can be had.

DEAF. adj. [dcof, Dutch.]

1. Wanting the lenfe of hearing.

Come on my right hand, for this ear is deaf,

Sbakejpeart.
Infefted minds
To their t/rii/' pillows will difcharge their fecrets.

Shakefpeare,
The chief defign here intended is to inftruft
fuch a? arc deaf :ijid dumb, and dumb only by con-
fcquencc of their want of hearing. Unlder,

If any lins afflifl our life
With that prime ill, a talking wife,-
Till death ihaU bring the kind relief.
We mull be patient, or be deaf, Prhr,-

Thus you may Hill be young to me,-
While 1 can better hear than fee :
Oh, ne'er may fortune fiiew her fpltc,
To make me draf, and mend my fight. Stuifti

2. It has to before the thing that ought tO'
be heard.

I will be deaf to pleading and cjiciifes ;
Nor tears nor prayers (hall purcliale out abufcs.

Shakefpeare,
Oh, that men's ears fliould be
To counfel deaf, but not to (latiery ! Shakefpeare,

Whilft virtue courts them ; but, alas, in vain !
Fly from her kind embracing arras.

Deaf to her fondcft call, blind to her greateft'
charms. Rofc-

Not fo, for once indulg'd, theyfweep the mains
Deaf to the call, or, hearing, hear in vain.

Dryden,-
Hope, too long with vain deliifion fed.
Deaf to the rumour of fallacious fame.
Gives to the roll nf death his glorious name. Popt,-

3. Deprived ofnhe power of hearing. .

Deaf with the noili;, I took my hafty flight :
No mortal courage can fupport the fright. Dryden,.

4. Obfcurely heard.

Nor (ilcnce is within, nor voice exprcA,
But a diaf no\h of founds that never ccale ;
Conlus'd and chiding like the hollow roar
Oi tldci receding from cii' ii)fultcd ihsaj. Dryden,-

The

D E A

The r?ft were kWi with fullsn JifcAnteflt,
And a tUa/mutmot through the fquadrons went.

Dry den.

To Deaf. v. a. To deprive of tlie power
of hearing.

Hearing hath itaf'd our failors ; and if they
Know how to hear, tliere 's none know what to
fay. Dome.

A fwarm of their aerial (hapcs appears.
And, lluct'ring round his temjilcs, dafi his ears.

Dryden.
Te De'afen. v. a. [ from deaf. ] To
deprive of the power of hearing.

But Salius enters j and, exclaiming loud
lor jufVicc, deaf em and difturbs the crowd.

Drydin,
From ihouting men, and horns, and dogs, he
flies,
Dcafeu'd and ftunn'd with their promifcuous cries.

Mdifun,
De'afly. aJv. [from deaf.'\

1 . Without fenfe of founds.

2. Obfcurely to the ear.
De'afness. n.f. [from deaf.']

I . Want of the power of hearing ; want
of fenfe of founds.

Thofc who are deaf and dumb, are dumb by
confequence from their dcafrtej's. ih/der.

The Dunciad had never been writ, but at his
requell, and for his deafnefs j for, had he been able
to converfe with me, do jou thinic I had amufed
my time fo ill ? I'ofe.

3. Unwillingnefs to hear.

I found fuch a deafr.rfi, that no declaration from
the bifliaps could taice place. King Cbar/es.

DEAL. «./. [deel. Dutch.] *•

1. Part.

A great deal of that which had been, was now
to be removed out of the church. Hooker,

2. Quantity ; degree of more or lefs. It
was formerly joined with diiferent words,
to limit its meaning; a.s,fome deal, in
fome degree, to feme amount : we now
either fay, a great deal, or a deal with-
out an adjeftivc ; but this is commonly,
if not always, ludicrous or contemp-
tuous.

When men's afteflions do frame their opinions,
they are in defence of errour more earned, a great
deal, than, for the moft part, found believers in
the maintenance of truth, apprehending according
to the nature of that evidence which fcripture
yleldeth. Uocker.

There is, indeed, (lore of matters, fitter and
better a great deal for teachers to fpcnd time and
labour in. Hooker.

To weep with them that weep, doth eafe fome
deal;
But forrow flouted at is double death. Shakeff.

What a deal of cold bufinefs doth a man mifpend
the better part of life in ! In fcattering compli-
ments, and tendering vifits. lien Jon^m,

The charge fome deal thee haply honour may,i
That noble Dudone had while here he liv'd.

Tatrja*.

Pollibly fome never fo much as doubted of the
fafcty of their fpiritual eftatc ; and, if fo, they
have fo much tlw more teafon, a great deal, to
doubt of it. South.

The author, who knew that fucli a defign as
this could not be carried on without a great deal of
artifice and fophiftry, has puizled and pcrplciad
his caufe. \ Addijon.

3. [From the verb to deal."] The art or
praftice of dealing cards.

How can the mufe her aid impart,
Unflcill'd in all the terms of art ?
Or in harmonious numbers put
The deal, the (huffle, and the cut ? Stuift.

^. [deyl, Dutch.] Fir-wood, or the wood
of piaet.

D E A

I have »li« found, that a piete ofdeal, far thicker
than one would eafily imagine, being purpofcly
interpofed betwixt my eye, placed in a room, and
the clearer daylight, was not only fomewhat tranf-
parent, but appeared quite through a lovely red,

Bi^le en Colon n.

To Deal. v. a, [deelen, Dutch.]

1. To diilribute; to difpofe to different
perfons.

Deal thy bread to the hungry, and bring the poor
that are caft out to ihy houic. Ifaiab, Iviii. 7.

One with a broken truncheon deals his blows.

Dryden,

His lifted arms around his head he throws,
And dealt in whiftling air his empty blows. Dryd.

The bulinefs of mankind, in tliis life, being
rather to 3& than to know, their portion of know-
ledge is dealt them accordingly. Addijen.

How Spain prepares her banners to unfold.
And Rome deals out her bleffings and her gold.

rUkell.

Had the great men of antiquity been poflelTcd of
the art of printing, they would have made an ad-
vantage of it, in dealing out their leflures to the
publick. Addif.n,

It you deal out great quantities of ilrong liquor
to the mob, there will be many drunk. lyatis.

2. To fcatter ; to throw about.

Keep me fr^m the vengeance of thy darts,
Which Niobe's devoted ilTue felt,
When hiffing through the flties the feather'd deaths
were dealt. DryJen.

3. To give gradually, or one after an-
other.

The nightly mallet (fM/rrefounding blows. Cay.

4. To diftribute the cards.
To Deai,. t/. ».

1. To traffick; to tranfaft bufinefs; to
trade.

It is generally better to deal by fpeech than by
letter ; and by a man himfelf, than by the media-
tion of a third. Bacon,

This is to drive a wholefale trade, when all other
petty merchants deal but for parcels. Dec. ofPieiy,

They buy and fell, they deal and traffick. South.

With the fond maids in palmiftry he deals.
They tell the Iccret which he firft reveals. Prior.

2, To aft between two perfons; to inter-
vene.

Sometimes he that i/m/> betvreen man and man,
raifeth his own credit with both, by pretending
greater intcrell than he hath in cither. Bacon.

3, To behave well or ill in any tranfac-
tion.

I doubt not, if he will deal clearly and im-
partially, but that he will acknowledge all'this to
be true. IVbtfin.

4. To aft in any manner.

Two deep enemies.
Foes to my reft, and my fweet deep's difturbers,
Are they that I would have thee deal upon. Stak.

5, To Deal iy. To treat well or ill.
This feems a vitious ule.

Such an one deals not fairly hy his own mind,
nor conducts his own underftanding aright. Locke.

6. To Deal in. To have to do with; to
be engaged in ; to praftife.

Suiters are fo diftaftcd with dehys and abufes,
that plain-dealing, in denying to deal in fuits at
firft, is grown not only honourable, but alfo gra-
cious. Baccn.

The Scripture forbids even the counten.iAcine
a poor man in his caufc ; which is a popular way
of preventing jufliee, thae fome men have dealt in,
though without that fuccefs which they propofd
to themfelves. ' -Atterbury.

Among authors, none draw upon themfelves
more difplcafure tlian thofc who deal in political
matters. Addijon.

True logick is not that noify thing that dels
all m difpute, to which the former ages had de.
bafed it. H'aUs's Logick,

D E A

7. Tff Deal nuith. To treat In any man*
ner ; to ufe well or ill.

Neither can the IriOi, nor yet the Englilh lords*
think themfelves wronged, nor hardly dealt nilh,
to have that which is none of their own giver, t*
them. Sfenjer't Irelanjm

Who then (hall guide
His people ? Who defend ? Will they not deal
Wurfe viiib his followers, than with him they
dealt y Milton.

If a man would have his confcience deal cleariy
viitb him, he mull deal feverely v/iib that.

South' t Scrmonit

God did not only exercife this providence to>
wards his own people, but he dalt thus alfi luitb
other nations. TiUuJin,

But I will deal the more civilly 'u/itb his two
poems, becaufe nothing ill is to be fpoken of the
dead. Dryden^

You wrote to me with the freedom of a'friend,
dealing plainly with me in the matter of my own
trifles. Fofe,

KcflcA on the merits of the caufe, as well as of
the men, who have been thus dealt -wiib by their
country. Svfift,

8. To Deal wfV/^. To contend with.

If (he hated me, I fltould ki^ow what pallion t»
deal 'with, Sidney,

Gentlemen were commanded to remain in the
country, to govern the people, eafy to be dealt
with whim they (land in fear. Hayvsard,

Then you upbraid me ; I am pleas'd to fee
You 're not fo perfe£l, but can fail like me :
I have no Gttd to deal ^oith. Dryden,

To DEA'LBATE. 1/. a. [dealbo, Latin.]
To whiten ; to bleach.

Dealba'tion. n.f. [dealiatio, Latin,]
The aft of bleaching or whitening ;
rendering things white which were not
fo before : a word in little ufe.

All feed is white in viviparous animals, and
fuch as have preparing veflels, wherein it receives
a manifold dealbation. Sroiuns Vulgar Errours.

De'aler,»./. [from deal,]

1. One that has to do with any thing.

1 find it common with thefe fmall dealers in wit
and learning, to give themfelves a title from their
firft adventure. Swift.

2. A trader or trafficker.

Where fraud is permitted and connived at, the
honeft dealer is always undone, and the knave gets
the advantage. Gulliver's Travels.

3. A perfon who deals the cards.
De'ai.inc, n.f. [from deal.]

1. Praftice ; aftion.

Concerning the dealings of men, who adminifler
government, and unto \vhom the execution of that
law belongcth, they have their judge, who fitteth
in heaven. Hocker.

What thefe are !
Whofe owA hard dealings teach them to fufpeft
The thou^^hts of others. Sbakef^eare.

But this was neither one pope's fault, nor one
print 's delliny : he muft write a (lory of the em-
pire, that means to tell of all their dealings in this
kind. Raleigh.

2. Intercourfe.

It were to be wilhed, that men would promote
the happinefs of one another, in all their private
dealings, among thofe who lie within their in-
fiiTcnce. Addijon.

3. Me-ifure of treatment ; mode in which
one treats another.

God's gracious dealings with men, are the aids
and auxiliaries neceffiry to us in the porfuit of
piety. Hammctid.

4. Traffick ; bufinefi.

The doil ir mull needs die rich J he had great
dealings in his way f 'r many years. Svuft,

DEAMBULATION. n,f [de^imiulatio,
Latin.] The aft of walking abroad.

Dii'ambu-

D E A

Dia'mbulatory. adj. [deamBule, Lat.]
Relating to the praftice of walking a-
broad.

DEAN. n./. [dte^/ius, Latin ; t/oyen, Fr.]

From the Greek word Jixa j in English, ten ;
becaufe he was anciently fet over ten canons or
preberdaries at lead in feme cathedral church.

.^yTifft's Portrgon.

As there are two foundations of cathedral
churches in England, the old and the new (the
new are thofe which Henry VIII. upon fuppreflion
of abbeys transformed from abbot or prior, and
convent, to dean and chapter) fo there are two
means of creating thefe titans ; for thofe of the old
foundation arc brought to their dignity much like
bifliops, the king fiift fending out his (fgt J'elirt
to the chapter, the chapter then chuCng and the
bi&op confirming them, and giving his mandate
to inftal them* Thofe of the new foundation are,
by a fhortcr courfe, inftallcd by virtue of the king's
letters patent, without either election or confirma-
tion.

Thi» word is alfo applied to divers, that are
chief of certain peculiar churches or chapels ; as
the dm* of the king's chapel, the dean of the
Arches, the dia* of St. George's chapel at Wind-
for, and the dian of Backing in ElTcx. divdl.
The dean and canons, or prebends, of cathedral
churches, were of great ufc in the church; they
were not only to be of counfel ^ith the bifliop for
his revenue, but chiefly for government in caufes
ecclefialiicai. Ufe your beft meant to prefer fuch
to thofe places who are fit for that purpofe. Bacon.

De'anert. »./. [from dean.l

1. The office of a dean.

He could no longer keep the deanery of the
thapel-royal. Clarendon.

2. The revenue of a dean.

Put both deans in one ; or, if that's too much
trouble,
Inftead of the deans make the Jtanery double. Staifl.

3. The houfe of a dean.

Take her by the hand, aw«y with her to the
deanery, and difpatch it quickly. Shakeffcare.

De'anship. ». / [from dean.] The

office and rank of a dean.
DExAR. adj. [beep, Saxon.]
I . Beloved ; favourite ; darling:

Your brother Glo'rter hates you.
~"Oh, no, he loves me, and he holds me dear,

Sbakejptare.

The dear, dear name ibe bathes in flowing tears,

Hangs o'er the tnmb. Addifon'i 0-vtd.

And the laft joy was dearer than the reft. Pofe.

3. Valuable ; of a high price ; coftly.

What made dircQors cheat the Soutli-fca year ?
To feed on ven'fon when it fold fo dear. Pope.

3. Scarce ; not plentiful : as, a dezr year.

4. It feems to be fometimes ufed in Shake-
/peare for deer ; fad ; hateful ; grievous.

What foolilh boldiiel's brought thee to their
mercies.
Whom thou in terms fo bloody, and fo dear.
Haft made thine enemies ? Shak. ^■welfth Night.

Let IIS return,
And ftrain what other means is left unto us
In our dar peril. Sbakejfeare't Timon.

S^me dear caule
Will in concealment wrap me up a-while :
When I am known aright, you fliall not grieve
Lending me this acquaintance Skak. King Lear.

Would I had met my dtartft foe in heav'n.
Or ever I had feen that day. Shakijfeare'i Hamlet.

Thy other binifli'd fon, with his dear fight
Struck pale and bloijdlefs.

Stakefpeare' t Tuui Andromcui.

Dear. n. /. A word of endearment;
darling.

That kifs
1 carried from thee, dear j and my true lip
Math virgrn'd it e'er fincc. UtakeffeareiCfrklanut.
Co, dair ; euch minute doet ntw danger bring,

Dry den.
V«L. I.

D E A

See, my dear.
How lavift nature has adorn'd the year. Drydcit.
De'arbought. adj. [dear and bought.]
Purchafed at an high price.

O fleeting joys
Of Par^dife, dearioughl with bfting woe. Milton.

Such dearbougbt blefiings happen ev'ry day,
Becaufe we know not for what things to pray.

Dryden.
Forget not what my ranfom cofl.
Nor ict my dearbought foul be loft. Rofcortmcr.

Dearling. «./ [now written //arZ/w^.]
Favourite.

They do feed on neftar, heavenly wife.
With Mercules and Hebe, and the reft
Of Venus' dearlings, through her bounty bleft.
, Sfenfer,

De arlv. ad-v. [from dear.]

1. With great fondnefs.

For the unqueftionable virtues of her perfon and
mind, he loved her dearly, Ifotlon.

2. At an high price.

It is rarely bought, and then alfo bought dearly
enough with fuch a fine. Bacon.

Turnui fliall dearly pay for faith forfworn ;
And corps, and fwords, and (hiclds, on Tybcr born.

Dryden,
My father dotes, and let him ftill dote on j
He buys his mifttefs dearly with his throne.

Dryden.

Te Dearn. <y. a. [byjinan. Sax. to hide.]

To mend clothes. See Darn.
D^'arness. n /, [from dear.]

1. Fondnefs; kindnefs ; love.

My brother holds you well, and in deamefs of
heart hath holp to eft'edl your enfuing marriage.

Shakefpeare.

The whole fenate dedicated an altar to f ricnd-
fliip, as to a goddefs, in refpefl of the great dear-
nefi of friendihip between them two. Bater..

He who hates his ■cighbour mortally, and wifely
too, muft profefs all the dtarnejs and friendfliip,
with readincfs to fcrvc him. Scutb.

2. Scarcity ; high price.

Landlords prohibit tenants from plowing, which
is fcen in the dearnefi of corn. Stvift,

DE'AKNLY.ad'v. [beojin. Sax.] Secretly;
privately; unfeen. Obfolete.

At laft, as chanc'd them by a foreft fide
To pafj, for fuccour from the fcorching rav,
They heard a rueful voice, that dearn/y cried
With piercing (krieks. Sfenfcr.

Dearth. n.J'. [from dear.]
I. Scarcity which makes food dear.

In times of dearth, it drained much coin out of
the kingdom, to furnilh us with corn from foreign
P""- Bacon.

There have been terrible years deartht of corn,
and every place is ftrewed with beggars ; but
dcartbi are common in better climates, and our
evils here lie much deeper. Stuift.

z. Want ; need ; famine.

Pity the dearth that I have pined in,
By longing for that food fo long a time. Sbakefp.

Of every tree that in the garden grows.
Eat freely with glad hcirt; fear here no dearth.
_ , Millcn,

3. Barrennefs ; (lerility.

The French have brought on themfclves that

dearth of plot, and narrownefs of imagination,

which m.iy be obfervcd in all their plays. Dryden.

Te Dearti'culate. -v. a. [de and arti-

cuius, Latin.] To disjoint ; to difmem-

DEATH, n.f. [hiz-f, Saxon.]
. The extinftion of life ; the departure
of the foul from the body.

He is the mediator of the New Teftament, that
ky meani of death, for the redemption of the tranf-
grefliom, they which arc called might receive the
promife of eternal iiiheritanct. Hib.'ix, 15.

D E A

They fay there is divinity in odd numbers,
either in nativity or death. Sbaktfpedre.

Death, a ncccrtary end.
Will come when it will come.

Shakefpeare's Juliut Cxfar,
He muft his afls reveal.
From the firft moment of his vital breath, ' .,
To his laft hour of unrepenting death, W^den,

2. Mortality; deftruaion.

How did yoo data
To trade and trafficfc with Macbeth,
In riddles and affairs of d.atb ? Sbakefpeare.

3. The Hate of the dead.

In fwinlfti fleep
Their drenched natures lie, as in a death, Stakefp,

4. The manner of dying.

Thou Ihalt die the deaths of them that are (lain
in the niidft of the leas. Exckiel, xxviii. 8.

J. The image of mortality reprefented by
a flceleton.

I had rather be married to a death's head, wiih
a bone in his mouth, thai to either of thcfo.

Shakefpearet
If I gare now, 'tis but to fee
What manner of death's head 'twill be.

When it is free
From that frefli upper Ikin,
The t;a2er's joy, and fin. Suckling.

6. Murder ; the aft of deftroying life un-
lawfully.

As in manifcfting the fwert influence of his
mercy, on the feverc ftrokc of hisjuftice; fo in
this, not to fuft'er a man of death to live. Bacon.

7. Caufe of death.

They cried out, and faid, O thou man of God,
there is death in the pot. 2 Kings, iv. 40.

He caught his death the laft countj-lefiioni,
where he would go to fee juftice done to a poor
widow woman. Addijcn.

8. Deftroyer.

All the endca%'ours Achilles ufed to meet with
Hettor, and be the death of him, is the intrigue
which comprehends the battle of the lafV day.

Broome's Vicit} of Epic Poetry,

9. [In poetry.] The inflrument of death.

Deaths invifible come wing'd with fire;
They hear a dreadful noife, and ftraight expire.

Dtydm,
Sounded at once the bow, and Aviftly flies
The fcather'd death, and hiU'cs thro' the (kles,

Dryden^
Oft, as in airy rings they (kirn the heath,
The clam'rous lapwings feel the leaden death.

Pope.

10. [In theology.] Damnation ; eternal
torments.

We pray that God will keep us from all fin and
wickcdnefs, from our gboftly enemy, and from
evcrlafting death. Church Catcchljm.

De'ath-bed. n.f. [death and bed.] The
bed to which a man is confined by mor-
tal ficknefs.

Sweet foul, take heed, take heed of perjury ;
Thou art on thy death-hed. Shakefpeare's Othellt.

Thy death-hed is no lefl'er than the land
Wherein thiiu lieft in deputation fick.

S bate/peat e's R'li'har.l 11,

Thefe are fuch things as a man fiiall rcroemker
with jiiy upon his deathUed; fuch as {hall chc.-Y
and warm his heart, even in that laft .iiid bitter
agony. South s Sermons..

Then round our death-bed ev'ry friend fliouli
run.
And joy us of our conqucft early won. Dryd.Fah.

A death-ted figure is certainly the muft hum-
bling fight in the world. Collier on the ya'ue of Life.

A deathbed repentance ought not indeed to !if
negleftcdj^becaufe it is the laft thing that we cm
''''• Atlerhi^y.

Fame can never make ut lie down conlcntcily
on a death-bed. Pope.

De'athful. adj. [death ^Ti^ full] Full
offlaughterj dcftruftivc; murderous.

3 P Voir

DEB

Your eraclt]r w '<«'»> »• y<™ would fpare hit

life for many dtcthfut torments. Sidnty,

Time itfelf, urde» the Jeatb/nl fliide oS whole

wings all things wither, hath wafted that lively

virtue of nature in man, and beads, and plants.

Ra/eirh.
^tood, death, and diattful deeda, are i» that
ni'ife,
Ruin, dctlruilion at the utmoll point. Mi/ieti.

Thefe eyes behold
The Jtatbful Icene ; priocei on princes roird.

• Pcff.

De'athless. aJj. [from deaiL] Immor-
tal j never-dying; everlalling.

God hath only immoruUty, thougli angels and

human fouls be dfaihir/s, Bcylt.

Their temples wreath'd with leaves that ftill

, renew J
For dtathtifi laurel is the viflor's due. Drydtr..
Faith and hope thrmfelves (hall die.
While dcathltfi charity remains. Ptior.

De'athlike. adj. [death iXiA. hie.] Re
fembling death ; ftill ; gloomy ; mo-
tionlefs; placid; calm; peaceful; un-
diilurbed ; refembling either the hor-
rours or the quietnels of death.

Why doft thou let thy brave foul lie fuppreft
In diathliki (lumbers, while thy dangers crave
A waking eye and hand ? Crajhaio.

A diathlikt deep !
A gentle wafting to immortal fife 1 Mihon.

On feas, on earth, and all that in them dwclh,
A dtathliki quiet and deep ulcnce fell. H^aller.

Black melancholy fits, and round her throws
A dcalhlikt (lumber, and a dread repofc. Pofe.
Death's-door. [death and</«er.] A near
approach to death ; the gates of death,
srt'Aai a,ht. It is now a low phrafe.

I m\fclf knew a perfon of great fanftily, who
was affliaed to death's-door with a vomiting.

Taylor s H^orthy Comtnutikartt .

There was a poor young woman, that had

brought herfelf even to deaib's-dxr with grief for

herfick hulband. L Eflrangc.

De'athsman. n. f. [death and man.']
Executioner ; hangman ; headfman ; he
that executes the fentence of death.

He 's dead ; I 'm only forry
He had no other dialhjman. Sbakeffeart.

As diathjmm you have rid this fweet young
prince. SbakeJI>eari:.

De'athwatch. n.f. [death and •watch.'\
An infeft that makes a tinkling noife
like that of a watch, and is fupcrlHti-
cufly imagined to prognollicate death.
The folemn deathviatch click'd the hour (he
died. Cay.

We learn to prefage approaching death in a fa-
mily by ravens, and little worms, which we there-
fore call a dialbioatcb. Watls.
Mifers are muckworms, (ilkworms beaus.
And dcalb-wauhii phyficians. Pope.

To DEA'URATE. -v. a. [deauro. Latin.]
To gild, or cover with gold. Z)/<S.

De ai/ra'tion. n, /. [from deaurate,]
The aft of gilding.

DeBacch a'tion. n.f. [dthacchalio, La-
tin.] A raging; a madnefs. Did.

yo Deba'rb. -v. a. [from </? inA barha,
Latin.] To deprive of his beard. Dia.

9"a Deba'r.k. -v. «. [debarquer, French]
To difembark. Dia.

Vo Deba'r. "v. a. [from i/jr.] To ex-
clude ; to preclude ; to (hut out from
any thing ; to hinder.

The fame boata and the fame buildings are
found in countries deiarrrd from all commerce by
vopalTabte mouacaini« lalces, and deferts.

Rattigb'i EJfayt.

DEB

Not fo ftriaiy hath our Lord impos'd
Labour, aa to debtr us when we need
Refrelhment, whether foo«i, or talk between,
Food o( the mind. _ Mihn.

Clv'lity, intended to make us eafy, is employed
in layir-.g chains and fetters Tlpon us, ip diiarring
lis of our wi(hes, and in cr0(ring our moft reafon-
able dcfires. Swift.

To DEBA'SE. 'V. a. [from bafe.']

1. To reduce from a higher to a lower
ftate.

Homer intended to teach, that plelfdit and (en-
fuality debafe men into beads.

Brvme m the Odyffcy.

As much as you raife fiUer, you iehaft gold,
for they are in the condition of two things put in
opfofite fcales ; as much as the one rifes, the other
falls. _ Locke.

2. To make mean ; to fink into mean-
nefs ; to make defpicable ; to degrade.

It is a kind of taking God's nante in vain, to
dttaje religion with fuch frivolous dilputes.

Hooker.
A man of large pofTcllions has not leifuie to
confidcr of every flight expence, and will not de-
bafi himfelf to the management of every trifle.

Dry den.
Reftralning others, yet himfelf not free;
Made impotent by pow'r, dcbas\ihy dignity. Dryd.

3. To fink ; to vitiate with meaniiefs.

He ought CO be careful of not letting his fabjed
'drhafe his ftyle, and betray him into a meannefs of
exprc(fionrf u^(/<i'/o«.

Hunting after arguments to make good one .'Jc
of a quefiion, and wholly to refufe thofe which
favour the other, is fo far from giving truth its
due value, that Ic wholly dtbafei it. Loekc,

4. To adulterate ; to leflen in value by
bafe admixtures.

He reformed the coin, which was much adulte-
rated and dchafid in the times and troubles of
king Stephen. Hale.

Words fo deias'd and hard, no ftone
Was hard enough to touch them ou. Hudiiras.
D E B a's E M E N T. ti. /. [from debafe. ] The
afl of debaiing or degrading ; degrada-
tion.

It is a wretched d/lafrment of that fprightly fa-
culty, the tongue, thus to be made the interpreter
to a goat or boar. Government of the 7onguc.

Deba'ser. ».f. [from debafe.^ He that
debafes ; he that adulterates j he that
degrades another ; he that finks the
value of things, or deflroys the dignity
of perlbns.
Deb a'table. a//?', [from debate."] Difpu-
table ; that which is, or may be, fubjeil
to controverfy.

The Flench requefted, that the debatable ground,
and the Scottifh hoftages, might be relloied to thi-
Scots. Uayward.

DEBATE, n.f. [dekat, French.]

1. A perfonal difpute ; a controverfy.

A way that men ordinarily ufc, to force others
to fubmit to their judgments, and receive theii
opinion in debate, is to require the adverfary to
admit what they allege as a proof, or to aflign a
better. Locke.

It is to dlft'ufe a light over the underftanding,
in our enquiries after truth, and not to furni(h the
tongue with debate and controverfy. ff^atti^s Logick.

2. A quarrel ; a contefl : it is not now
ofed of hoAile contefl.

Now, lords, if heav'n doth givj fuccefsful end
Tu this debate that bleedcth at our doors.
We will our youth lead on to higher helds.
And draw no fwords but what arc fan^ified. Shak.

'Tis thine to ruin realms, overturn a (late;
Betwixt the deareft friends to raife debate. Drydeit.

To Deba'te. v. a. [debatre, French.] To
controvert ; to difpute ; to contelt.

DEB

t)eh«f thy caufe with thy neighboar hlmfclff
and difcover not a fecret to another,

Prcverht, xxt. 9 .

He could not debate any thing without fiime
commotion, even when the argument was not of
moment, Clarendm^

To Deba'te. v. n.

1. To deliberate.

Your fev'ral fuiti
Have been confider'd and debated on. Shakeffteiret

2. To difpute.

He prefcnts that great foul Jeialing upon tha
fubje£t of life and death with hit intimate friends.

Tmler.
DEBA'TEfVL. etdj. [from debate. "]

1. [Of perfons.] Quarrelfome ; conten-
tious.

2. [Of things.] Contefled ; occafioning
quarrels.

Deba'tbment. n.f. [from deb^e.] Con-
troverfy ; deliberation.

Without debatemtm further, more or lefs.
He Ihould the bearers pu t to fudden death .

Skakrfiieare^

Deba'ter. n.f. [from debate."] A difpa-

tant 5 a controvertift.
To DEBA'UCH. -v. a. [defiaucher, French;

dtbacchari , Latin.]

1 . To corrupt ; to vitiate.

A man mud have got his confcience thoroughly
debauched and hardened, before he can arrive to
the height of (in. South*

This it is to counfel thing! that are nnjuft ;
fird, to debauch a king to break his laws, and then
to feek protection. Dryden's Sfanijh Friar,

2. To corrupt with lewdncfs.

Here do you keep a hundred knights and fqaires^
Men fo diforderM, fo debauched and bold.
That this our court, infefted with their mannerSf
Shews like a riotous inn. Sbakefpeare^t KingLcar*

3. To corrupt by intemperance.

No man's reafon did ever dilate to him, that it
is reafonable for him to debauch himfelf by intem-
peiance and brutl(h fenfuality. Tilhifcn.

Deba'uch. n.f [from the verb.]

1. A fit of intemperance.

He will for fome time contain himfelf within
the bounds of fobriety ; till within a iitrle while
he recovers his former ^.-^dArii, and is well again,
and then hib appetite returns. Calaty.

2, Luxury ; excefs ; Icwdnefs.

The (iiiV phylicians by debauch were made;
Excefs began, and (loth fudains, the trade. Dryden,

Dbbavche'e. ». f [from dcfbaiiche,
French. ] A lecher ; a drunkard ; a
man given to intemperance.

Could wc but prevail with the greated debcucbeet
amongrt us to change their lives, we (hould tind it
no very hard matter to change their judgments.

South*

Deba'ucher. n.f. [from debauch.] One
who feduces others to intemperance or
lewdnefs ; a corrupter.
Deba'uchbry. «./ [from debauch.] The
praftice of excefs ; intemperance ; lewd-
nefs.

Oppofe vices by their contrary virtues ; hypo-
crify by fober piety, and debauchery by temperance.

SpratI,
Thefe magidrates, indcad of lc(rening enormi-
ties, occafion jud twice as much debauchery a>
there would be without them. Swift.

Deba'uchment. n.f [from debauch.]
The aft of debauching or vitiating ;
corruption.

They told them ancient dories of the ravKhment
of chade maidens, or the dehauchment of nations,
or the exttejae poverty of learned perfuns.

itayhr'i Rule ofLm'mg Holy.

T»

DEB

r»DEBE'L. Iv.a. [Mello, La-

roDEBE'LLATE. J tin.] To conquer;
to overcome in war : not now in ufe.

It doth notablj( _; forth the confcnt of all na-
tions and 4g<:s> in' the approbation of the extirpat-
ing 3dA tlM.'ating ot glints, monfters, and foreign
lyr-rnts, not only as lawful, but as meritorious
even of divine honour. Bacon^s Haty H^ar.

Him long of old
Thnu didft dtbd, and down from heaven caft
With all his a.niy. Mtltcn.

D E B E L L A ' r I o N . ti. /. [ from dehcUatw,
Lat.] The a^ of conquering in war.

DenK'NTURE. n.f. \_iebentur,'Lzx. from
debeo.^ A writ or note, by which a
debt is claimed.

You moJcra wits, fliould eaclr man bring his
ciainiy
Have ieS^>.x^\x dihentura on your fame ;
AnJ little would be left you, 1 'm afraid.
If lU your debts to Greece and Rome were paid.

De'bile. adj. [dibiUt, Lat.] Weak; fee-
ble ; languid ; faint ; without ftrength ;
imbecile ; impotent.

I have not wafli d my nofe that bled.
Or fuilM iomzd^ile wretch, which without note
There 's many ell'e have done. Shakeftearr.

To DEBl'LITATE. -t/. a. {debilito, La'tin.]
To weaken ; to make faint ; to enfee-
ble ; to emafculate.

In the lull: of the eye, the luft of the flefli, and
the pride of life, tbey feeaied as weakly to fail as
their dtbilUaud pofti:rity ever after.

Brown' i Vulgar Errairs,

The fpirits being rendered languid, are incapable

of purifying the blood, and deiiJlrdttd in attraclii.g

nutriment. Harvey on Confumpticns,

Debilita'tion, «. /. [from Jtbilitatio,

Latin.] The aft of weakening.

The weak ncfs cannocrcturn any thing of ftrength,
honour, orfaiety to the head, but a dibililatiim aiid
ruin. KingCharlii.

Debi'lity. »./ [debililas.Ltil.] Weak-
nefs ; feeblenefs J languor; faintnefs ;
imbecility.

Methinks I am partaker of thy paflion.
And in thy cafe do glafs mine own </<ii/iry. Sidney,
Aliment too vaporous or perfpirable will fubjefl
■ C to the inconvenicncies of too ftrong a perfpira-
tion, which are ddility, faintnefs, anrf fometimes
fudden death. jiriui/jnot.

DEBONA'iR. <Jrt>'. [debcBttmre. French.]
Elegant; civil; well-bred; gentle;
complaifant : an obfolete word.

Crying, let be that lady deicnair,
Theu recreant knight, and fnon thyftif prepare
To battle, if thyu mean her love to gain. Spenjer,

ZephyT me: her once a-maying;
FiU'J her with thee, a daughter fair.
So buxom, blithe, and dehonair. Milium.

The nature of the one is debonair and accoftable ;
«f the other, retired and fuprrcilious ; the one
quick and fprightful, the other flow and faturnine.
H.-wePt ysca! lorejl.
And (he that was not only palTing fair,
But was withal difcrcct and dtbinj}r,
Ref .Iv'd the palTive d ■fttiiie to fulfil. Dryden.
Debona'i«lv. adv. [from deboaair.]

Elegantly ; with a genteel air.
DEBT. n.f. [dehilum, Latin; dette, Fr.]
I. That which one man owes to another.

There was one th:vt died grea;ly in debt : Well,
fays one, if he be gone, then he hath carried five
hundred ducau ofmiae with him into the other
*oM, Sacon'i /ifophliegnti.

The dfit nf ten thoufand lalcnu, which the fer-
vant owed the king, was no flight ordinary fum.
Duppa't DevbUont.

To this greJt lofs a fea of tears is due ;
Bui the whuU debt out to be paid by you. K^al/tr.

DEC

Swift, a thoufand pounds in deif.
Takes horfe, and in a mighty fret
Rides day and night. Stvifi.

2. That which any one is obliged to do or
fuffer.

Your fon, my lord, has paid a foidier's debr ;
He only liv'd but till he was a man.
But like a man he died. Shait/j>eare's Marheih.

DE'sTED./art. [from debt. To Debt ii
not found.] Indebted; obliged to.

Which do amount to three odd ducats more
Than I (land dtbtrd to this gentleman. Sbakifp.
De'btor. n.f. [debitor, Latin.]

1. He that owes ibmething to another.

I ai.1 debtcr both to the Greeks and to the Bar-
barians, both to the wife and tj tlie unwifc.

Bi'jtn. \. 14.

2. One that owes money.

I'll bring your latter hazard back again.
And thanklujly reft debtor for tlie firit. Skakcjf.

If he bis ample palm
Should haply on ill-fated (boulder lay
Ot' debtor, ftrait his body, to the touch
Obliequious, as whilom knights were wont.
To foroc enchanted caiHc is conveyed* Philips.

There died my fatlier, no man's debtor ;
And there I'll die, nor worfe, nor better. Pepc.

The cafe of diitott in Rome, for the firft four
centuries, was, after the fet time for paynieiiC, no
choice but either to pay, or be the creditor's Have.

Swift.

3. One fide pf an account book.

When I look upon the debtor fide, I find fuch
innumerable artic es, that I want ariihmetick to
caft them up ; but when I look upon the creditor
fi:le, 1 find little more than blank paper. AJdijon.

Debulli'tion. n. /. [debullitio, Lat.] A
bubbling or feething aver. Diii.

Decacu'minated. adj. [dicacuminetus,
Latin.] Having the top cut off. DieH.

Deca'de. »./. [lixx, Gr. decas, Latin.]
The fam of ten ; a number containing
ten.

I Men were not only out in the number of fome
days, the latitude of a few years, but might be
wide by whole olympiads, and diiers decades of
years. Brown's Vulgar Trrc-Jrs.

We make cycles and periods of years j as decades,
centuries, and chiliads, chiefly for the ufe of com-
putations in hiftory, chronokjgy, and aftronomy.

thlder on Time.
All rank'd by ten ; whole dtcadet, when tlicy
dine,
Mull want a Trojan flave to pour the wine. Pope.
Dt''cADENCY. n.f. [^decadence, French.]
Decay ; fall. Di^i,

De'cagon. n.f. [from SUa., ten, and
yumix, a corner.] A plain figure in geo-
metry, having ten fides and angles.
De'calogue. n.f. [ofxa?,o>©-, Greek.]
The ten commandments given by God
to Mofes.

The commands of God are clearly revealed both
in the decalogue and oilier parts oi facred writ.

Hamtnotid.
TiDECA'MP. or. n. [decamfer.fiench.)

To fliift the camp ; to move off.
Deca'mpment. n.f. [Uomdecamf.'] The

aft of fliifting the camp.
To DECA'NT. v. a. [decanto, Lat. dfca»-
/«r, Fr.] To pour off gently by incli-
nation.

Take ajua foriii, and dilTolve in it ordinary
coined filver, and pour the coloured folution into
twelve timei ai much fair water, and tfcicn decani
or filtrate the mixture, that it may be very clear.

Boyle.

They attend him daily a their chief,
Dtcant hit wine, and carve his beef. Srvifl.

DEC

Decanta'tion. n./. ysutntation, Fr.]

The aft of decanting or pouring off

clear.
Deca'nter. «./ [(iota decant.] A glafs

veffel made for pouring off liquor clear

from the lees.
To D E c a'p I T a T E. f. a. [decapiio, Latin.]

To behead.
To DECA'Y. 'v. n. [decheoir, Fr. from de

and cadere, Latin.] To lofe excellence ;

to decline from the ftate of perfeftion j

to be gradually impaired.

"The laonarch oak,
Thrfv centuries he grows, and three he ftayj
Supreme in ftate, and in three more decays. Dryda

The garlands fade, the vowi are worn away ;
So dies her love, and fo my hojies decay. Pope,

To Deca'y. -v. a. To impair ; to bring
to decay.

Infirmit;., that</«fflyf the wife, doth evermaktf
better the fool. Shakejpeare,

Cut off a (lock of a tree, and lay that which
you cut off to putrefy, to fee whether it will decay
the reft of the ftock. Bacon.

He was of a very fmall and decayed fortune,
and of no good education. Clarendon,

Decayed by time and .wars, they only prove
Their former beauty by your former love. Dryden,

In Spain our fprings, like old men's children, be
Deray'd ind wither'd from their infancy. Dryden,

It is fo ordered, that almoft every thing which
corrupts the foul decays the body. ikddifon,

Deca'y. n.f. [from the verb.]
1. Decline from the ftate of perfeftion}
ftate of depravation or diminution.

What comfort to this great daeiy may come,
Sliall be applied. Shakrfpeare,

She has been a fine lady, and paints and hides
Her decajs very well, Bin Jonjon,

And thofe decays, to fpeak the naked truth.
Through the defefts of age, were crimes of youth.

Denbantm

By reafon of the tenacity of fluids, and attritioa
of their parts, and the w^aknefs of elafticity in
folids, motion is much more apt to be loft than
got, and is always upon the decay. Newton,

Each may feel increafes and decays.
And fee now cleaver and now daiker days. Pope,

Taught, half by reafon, half by mere decay.
To welcome death, and calmly pafs away. Pope,

i. The effefts of diminution ; the marks
of decay.

They think, that whatever is called old muft
have the decay of time upon it, and truth too were
lisble to mould and rottcnnefs. Locke,

3 . Declenfion from profperity.

And if thy brother be waxen poor, and fallen in
decay with thee, then thou flialt relieve him.

Levit, XXV. 35.
I am the very m«n
That, from your firft of difference and deca<i.
Have foUow'd your fad fteps, Shakejp. King Lear.

4. The caufe of decline.

He that fceketji to be eminent amongft all*
men, hath a great talk ; but that if ever good for
the publick : but he that plots to be the only figure
among cyphers, is tlie decay of a whole age. Bacon.

Deca'yer. ». /". [itom- decay,] That
which caufes decay.

Your water it 3 lore decayer of your whorfon ,
dead body. Shekefpeare' s Hamlet,

DECE'ASE. «./ {decejfut.h^u] Death;
departure from life.

Lands are by human law, in fome places, after
the owner's deceafe, divided unto all his children j
in fome, all defcendeth to the eldcft fun. Hooker,

To Dec£''ase. v. «. [decedo, Latin.] Tm
die ; to depart from life.
He tells us Arthur is deceas'd to-oight.

Sbakefptari,

3P a ' YoM,

DEC

You fhall <li<
Tw'ce now, where others, that mortality
In her fair arms holds, (halt but once diceefu

CbafiMiin.
His lateft viAoiies Hill thickeft came,
■ As, near the centre, motion duth increafc ;

Till he, prelVd down by his own weighty name,
. Did, like the vcftal, under fpoils </?««/;■. Drydin,

DECE'IT. ft./, [decepth, Latin.]

1. Fraud; a cheat ; a fallacy ; any prac-
tice by which falfehood is made to pafs
for truth.

My lips fliall not fpeak wickednefs, nor my
tongue utter Jaceit. Jtli, xxvii. 4.

2. Stratagem ; artifice.

His demand
Springs not from Edward's well-meant honed love,
But from Jcciil, bred by ncceflity. Shaiijpiare.

3. [In law.] A fubtlle wily (hift or de-
vice ; all manner of craft, fubtilty, guile,
fraud, wilinefs, fleightnefs, cunning,
covin, collufion," praftice, and offence,
«fed to deceive another man by any
means, which hath no other proper or
particular name but offence. Co-ivell.

Dece'itful./t^'. [deceit ind full."} Frau-
dulent ; full of deceit.

I grant him bloody,
Luxurious, avaricious, fi\k,dect\tfiil. Sbaitjfeare.

The lovely young Lavinia once had friends.
And fortune fmil'd, </««'//»/, on hetbirth. TUmfon.
Dece'itfully. ad'v. [from deceitful,']'
Fraudulently ; with deceit.

Excrcife of form may be datUfuUy difpatched of
courfe. ffcticn.

Dece'itfulness. ti,/. [ftom deceitful. }
The quality of being fraudulent ; ten-
dency to deceive. ^

The c re of this- world, and t}\e deee'ilfulnefs of
riches, choke the word, and he becometh unfruit-
ful. Mult. xiii. 2z.
Dece'ivable. adj. [from decei"je.']

1. Subjeft to fraud ; expofed to impofture.

Man was not only deceivahle in his integrity,
but the angels of light in all their clarity.

Brvtvns Vulgar Errours.

How would thou ufe me now, blind, and thereby
DeciivahUy in mod things as a child
Helplefs ? hence eafily contemn'd and fcorn'd.
And laft negledleJ. _ Mi'lai.

2. Subjeft to produce errour ; deceitful.

It is good to confider of deformity, not as a

fign, which is mort dece'ivable, but as a caufe which

ieldom faileth of the eft'edl. Bacon,

He received nothing but fair promifes, which

ftofvi-dsce'pvahte. llayivard.

O everfailing truft
In mortal drength ! and oh, what not in man
Drceivable and vain ? Miltcn,

Dece'ivab t-ENESs. n. f. [from decciv-
able.] Liableneis to be deceived, or to
deceive.

He th.it has a great patron, has the advantage
of his nfgligeiKe and dect'mahltmfs,

GoviritmtnteftheTmgue.

To DECE'lVE. V. a. [decipio, Latin.]

1. To caufe to miftake ; to bring into
CKOur ; to impofe upon.

Some liave been deceived into an opinion, that
there was a divine right of primogeniture to both
cftate and power. Ltcke.

2. To dclu-le by ftratagem.

3. To cut off from cxpedlation, with of
before the thing.

The Turkilh general, deceived »/ his cxpefla-

^ • tioR, withdrew his rtcft twelve miles off. Knollts.

I now bcliev'd

The happy "fay approaeb'd, nor arc my hopes de-

teni'it Drjdeii,

DEC

4.. To mock ; to fail.

They rais'd a feeble cry with trembling notes,
But the weak voice rf«<TO'J their gafping throats.

Drj/den.

5. To deprive by fraud or ftealth.

Wine is to be forborne in confumptions, for
that the fpirits of the wine prey on the vifcid juice
of the body, intercommon with the fpirits of the
body, and fo deceive and rob them of their nou-
riihment. " Bucon.

Plant fruit-trees in large borders, and fet there- I
in fine flowers, but thin and fparingly, left they |
deceive the trees. Bacon.

Decb'iver. n. f. [from deceive.] One
that leads another into errour ; a cheat.
Sigh no more, ladies, figh no more ;

Men were deceiverx ever :
One foot in fca, and one on Ihore ;
^ To one thing conftant never. Shakeffeare.
As for Perkin's difmiflion out of France, they
interpreted it not as if he were detected for a
counterfeit deceiver. Bacon.

Thofe voices, aClions, or geftures, which men
have not by any compad agreed to make the in-
ftruments of conveying their thoughts one to an-
other, are not the proper indruments of deceiv-
ing, fo as to denominate the perfoa ufing them a
liar or deceiver, ' South-

It is to be admired how any deceiver can be fo
weak to foretel things near at hand, when a very
few months mud of neceflity difcover the im-
podure. Stcift.

Adieu the heart-expanding bowl.
And all the kind deceivers of the foul. Pofe.

Dece'mber. n.f. [decemier, hzlin.] The
laft month of the year ; but named de-
cemher, or the tenth month, when the
year began in March.

Men are April when they woo^ and December
when they wed. Shahefpeare^ i As you like it.

What (hould we fpeak of
When we are old as yo\i ? When we fliall hear
The rain and wind beat dark December. Sbakefp,
Dece'mpedal. adj. [ from decempeda, La-
tin.] Ten feet in length. Di£l,
Dece mvirate. n,f. [decemviratus , La-
tin.] The dignity and office of the ten
governours of Rome, who were ap-
pointed to rule the commonwealth in
ftead of confuls ; their authority fubfifted
only two years. Any body of ten men.
DE'CENCE. ^ »./ [dscence, French ; de-
DE'CENCY. j cct, Latin.]
I. Propriety of form ; proper formality ;
becoming ceremony : decence is feldom
ufed.

Thofe thoufand deeencifs, that daily flow
From all her words and actions. MHion.

In good works there may be goodnefs in the ge-
neral : but decence and graccfulnefs can be only in
the particulars in doing the good. Sprail.

Were the offices of religion ftript of all the
external decencies of worlhip, they would not make
a due impreilion on the minds of thofe who adid
at them. yltieriury.

She fpeaks, behaves, and afls jud as (he ought;
But never, never rcach'd one gcn'rous thought :
Virtue Ihc finds too painful an endeavour,
Content to dwell in decencies for ever. Pope.

. Suitablenefs to charafter ; propriety.

And mud 1 own, (he laid, my fecret fmai-t.
What with more dccince were in filcncc kept ?

Dry den.

Tl(? confidcration immediately fubfequent to
the being of a thing, is wh.it .sgrecs or dlfagrccs
with that thing ; what is fuitiblc or unfuitable to
it; and from this fprings the notion nf decency or
indecency, that which becomes or mifljecomcs.

Scvih.

Sentiments which ralfc laughter, can very fel-
dom be admitted with uny decency into an horoick
poem. Addij^r:.

DEC

3. Modefty; not ribaldry ; not obfcenltjr,

Immodcrt words admit of no' defence 5
For want of decency is want of fenfe. Rt^ctmrnon,

Dece'nnial. adj. [from dccennium, La»

tin.] What continues for the fpace of

ten years.

Decenno'val, \adj. \_decem and »«-•

Decenno'vary. J I'em, Lat.] Relating.

to the number nineteen.

Melon, of old, in the time of the Pcloponne.
Can war, condituted a deecnnitval circle, or ot
nineteen years ; the fame which we now call the
golden number. Holder,

Seven months are retrenched in this whole dt-
ccnnovary progrefs of the epatls, to reduce the ac-
counts of her motion and place to thofe of the fun»

UMcr,

De'cent. fl(^'. [(/fa-«/, Latin.J ^

1. Becoming; fit; fuitable.
Since there mud be ornaments both in painting

and poetry, if th«y are not necefl'ary, they mud at
lead bs decent; that is, in their due place, and but
moderately uled. Dryden^

2. Grave; not gaudy ; not oflentatious.
Come, penfive nun, devout and pure,

Sober, ftedfaft, and demure.

All hi a robe of dirked grain

Flowing with majeftick ti-ain.

And fable dole of Cyprus lawn

O'er the decent flioulders drawn. MiIlori»

Not wanton ; not jmmodeft.

3- ^

De'cently. ad-j. \_irom decent.]

1 . In a proper manner ; with fuitable be-
haviour ; without meannefs or oftenta'
tion.

They could not decently refufe aflidance to a-
perfon, who had punidied thofe who had infulced
their relation. Bronnem-

Perform'd what friendHiip, juftice, trulli re-

quire ; ,

Wh.it could he more, but decently retire ? Swifts

2, Without immndefty.

Pad hope of fafety, 'twas his lateft care,
Like falling Caefar, decently to die, Dryden,

Deceptibi'lity. n. f. [from deceit.]
Liablenefs to be deceived.

Some errours are fo flcftied in us, that they
maintain their interett upon the cUcepiibiliiy of our
decayed natures. Clanville,-

Dece'ptible. ajj, [hom deceit.] Liable
to be deceived ; open to impofture ;
fubjedt to fraud.

The firft and father caiife of common errour,
is the common inhrmity of human nature; of
whofe d(>.eptiile condition, perhaps, there Ihould
not need any other evidlion, than the frequent
errours we (hall ourfelvcs commit. Brnun,-

Dece'ption. n.f. [deceplia, 'Lzun.]
I . The aS or means of deceiving ; cheat i.
fraud ; fallacy.

Being thus divided from truth in themfelves,
they are yet farther removed by advenient decep-
tion. Bronvn,.

All deception is a mlfapplying of thofe figns,
which, by compaO or inftitution, were made the
means of men's lignifyinj or conveying their
thoughts. . Stiulh.

z. The ftate of being deceived.

Roafon, not impoOibly, may meet
Some fpeclous objcdl by the foe fuborn'd.
And fall into deception unaware. Mitten^

Dece'ptious. adj. [from deceit-] De-
ceitful ; apt to deceive.

Vet ihcic is a credence in my heart,
That doth invert th' attclt of eyes and cars ;
As if thofe organs had deceptious funiftions.
Created only to calamniale. Shakcfpeeire^

Dec e'p t i v e . adj. [from deceit-] Having

the power of deceiving. D/<«.

• Dbce'ptory,

DEC

Dece'ptory. adj. [from dtetit.^ Con-
taining means of deceit. DiSi.

rECE'RPT, adj. {dccerftus, Lat.] Crop-
ped ; taken off. Diil.

Dece'rptible. adj. [aV^r/e, Latin. ]
That may be taken off. Dia.

Dece'rption. »./. \i'romdecerpt.'\ The
aft of cropping or taking off. Dici.

Decerta'tiok. n.f. {dereitatie, Latin.]
A contention ; a Itriving j a difpute.

DuJ.

Dece'ssiom. n. /. [dicejjlo, Latin.] A
departure ; a going away. Dia.

Te Deck a'rm. i). a. [decharmer, French.]
To counteract a charm ; to difenchant.

Notrtitlirtan.'jng the lidp of j-hylick, he was
fuildenly cured by dccbarming the witchcraft.

Harvty,

To DECI'DE. -u. a. [dicido, Latin.]

1. To fix the event of; to determine.

The day appioach'd whe.n fortune (hould drcide
The important cntcrpriie, and give the bride.

Drydtn,

2. To determine a queftion or difpute.

In council oft, and oft in battJe tried.
Betwixt thy maftcr and the world dtcide. Gramiillt.

Who (hall dtcidr, when doflors difagree.
And founded cafuills doubt ? Pope.

De'cidence. ti.f. [</?(■/(/«,•//>, Latin.]

1 . The quality of being ftied, or of falling
off.

2. The a£l of falling away.

Men obferving the der'uUncc of their horn, do
fall upon the conceit that it .innually rotteth away,
and fucceflivcly reneweth again.

Brtmin's Vulgar Emuri.
Deci'der. n.f. {(toia decide.']

1. One who determines caufes,

I cannot think that a jeftcr or a monkey, a
droll or a puppet, can be proper judges or dtcidtn
of controverfy. tyultt.

The man is no ill deader in common cafes of
property, where party is out of the qoelllon. Siuifi.

2. One who determines quarrels.
DECI'DUOUS. adj. [ deciduus, Latin. ]

Falling ; not perennial ; not Jailing
through the year.

In buuny, the perianthium, or ci\yx, is dc-
tidutui, with the flower. iiu'mcy.

Deci'duousness. n.f. [from deciduom.]
Aptnefs to fail ; quality of fading once
a year. J)ia.

De'cimal. adj. [decimus, Latin.] Num-
bered by ten ; multiplied by ten.

In the way we take now to name numbers bv
millions of millions of millions, it is hard tu go
beyond eighteen, or, at mod, four and twintj de-
cimal progreflions, without confufion. Lo.ki.

To DE'CIMATE. -v. a. [decimus. Latin,]

To tithe ; to take the tenth,
Decima'tion. n.f. [from decimate.']
t. A tithing ; a feledion of er.ry tenth by

lot or otherwife.
2. A feleftion by lot of every tenth fol-

dier, in a general mutiny, for punilh-

mcnt.

By dtc'matim and a tithed death,
Take tiou the dedin'd tenth. Sieke/fiare.

A dtc'imaixn 1 will ftriftiy make
0( all who my Charinus did forf^ke j
And of each legion each centurion CuU die.

To DECI'PHER. -v. a.' [dechijrer, F?f]"'
I. To explain that which ia written in
ciphers : this is the common ufe.

Zrlmane, that ha.l the fame chjraacr in her
heart, could taCly dic'ifhtr it. Sidttij.

9

D E e^

Affiarajiee U wiit in a f rivate charaacr, not to
be read, nor undcrllood, but by the confcienc-, tc
which thrfpiric of Cud has vouchfafed to dfaf-hfr

'^T^ c ^'""'^•

2.10 unfold ; to unravel ; to explain : as,
lo decipher an ambiguous fpeecb.

3. To write out; to mark down in cha-
rafters.

Could I give you a lively reprefentation of guil.
and horrour on this hand, and paint out eternal
wrath and decipher eternal v.-ngeance on the other,
then might I (hew you the condition' of a finner
hearing himfclf denied by Chrift. Hryatb.

Then wore laws of necclhty invented, that fo
every particular fubjedl might find his principal
pleafure dccifbired uuto him, in the tables of his

4. To ftamp ; to charaftcrife ; to mark.
Yoa are both dccipbtr'd

For villains mark'd with rape. Shahfpearc.

D E CI 'p M E R e R . n.f. [from decipher. ]

One who explains writings in cipher.
Deci'sion. n.f [from decide.]

1. Determination of a difference, or of a
doubt.

The time approaches.
That will with due deciji.n make us know
What we (hall fay wc have, and what we owe.

Sbakejpeare.
Pleafure and revenge
Have ears more dc^" than adders to the voice
Ot any true dtcifan. Sbaie/fejre.

The number of the undertakers, the wurth of
fome of them, and their zeal to bring the matter
to a deeifum, ire fure arguments of the dignity and
importance of it. , -IVoodioard.

War IS a direft .-ppeal to God for the decifion of
fome difpute, which can by no other means be de-
termined. _ _ Atterbury.

2. Determination of an event.

Their arms arc to the lad drcifion bent.
And fortune labours with the vad event. Drydtn.

3. It is uled in Scotland for a narrative,
or reports of the proceedings of the
court of feffion there.

Deci'sive. adj. [irom decide.]

1. Having the power of determining any
difference ; conclafive.

Sucli a rtfleilion, tliough it carries nothing per-
fetllv dtrijive in it, yet creates a mightv confidence
in Ills bread, and ftrengthens him much in his
"P'"'^-''- ATleriury.

1 his they arc ready to look upon as a deteimi-
nation on their fide, and </.ij/i'i,r of the controverfy
between vice and (irtue. Sugen.

2. Having the power of fettling any event.

For on th' event,
Denjiiie of tilis bloody day, depends
The fate of kingdoms. Phllhi.

Deci'sively. adv. [from decifive.] In

a conclufive manner.
Deci'sivkness. n.f. [ ftom deci/ne.]
The power of argument or evidence to
te/mlnate any difference, or fettle an
event.
Deci'sory. adj. [kom decide.] Able to

determine or decide.
To Deck. v. a. [di\Aen,'DMQh.]
I. To cover; to overl'prcad.

Ye mid,, and exhalations, that now rife
Frcm hill or Itc.miing lake, dulky or grey,
111 honour to the world's great Author, rife!
Whether to dak with clouds th' uncolour'd Iky,
Or wet the thirdy eirth with falling diowcis,
Rifing or falling, ft,U advance his praile. Mdun.
z. To dre.'s ; to array.

Sweet ornament ! that d,\h a thing divine. SImk.
I.ong may'd thou live to wail tliy children's lolb,
And fee another, as 1 fee thee now,
Deck'd \a thy rights, ai tiiou art dull'd in mine.

Sbgktjftare.

DEC

She fets to work millions of fpinning worms.
That in their green fliops weave the fniooth-hair"!

filk.
To deck her fons.- Miltciu

3. To adorn ; to embellifh.

But direful, deadly black, both leaf and bloom.
Fit to adorn the dead, and deck the dreary tomb.

.. Spcfjtr.

Now the dew with fpangles deci'd the ground,
A hveetcr fpot of earth was never found. Drjden.
The god ftall to his vnt'rics tell

Each conlcious tear, each blufting grace.

That dtch'd dear Eloifu's face. Prior,

Deck, n.f [from the verb.]

1. The floor of a fhip.

Her krcl plows hell.
And deck knocks heaven. Ben Jtnfin.

Wc have alf.i railed our fecond decks, and given
more vent thereby to our ordnance, trying on our
nether ovcrloop. Raleigh.

It any, born and bred under deck, had no other
information but what fenfe afti.rds, he would be cf
opinion that the fliip was as dablc as a houfc.

danfilk.
On high-rals'd deck: the haughty Belgians ride.
Beneath whofc fliade our humble frigates go.

Dryden.
At fun-fet to their Ihip they make return.
And fnore fecure on decks till rofy morn.

Dryden'i Jliad,

2. rack of cards piled regularly on each
other.

Befides gems, many other forts of ftones are re-
gularly figured : the amianthus, of parallel threadf,
as in the pile of velvet ; and the fclenites, of pa^
rallel plates, as in a deck of cards. Greiu.

De'cker. n.f. [from ^fT^.] A dreffer ;
one that apparels or adorns ; a coverer,
as a table-decker.
To DECLAIM, -v. n. [declamo, Lat.] To
harangue ; to fpeak to the paffions ; to
rheloricate ; to fpeak fet orations.

What are his milchicfs, conful ? You decUiv
againd his manners, and corrupt your own.

. Benyotifon.

The fplendid declaimings of novices and men of
''"'•. South.

It IS ufual for maders to make their boys dc.
claim on both fides of an argument. Stvif't.

Dicis up all the virtues in the beauties of ora-
tory, and declaim xioiid on the praifa of goodnefs.

fTalts.
Dect.a'imer. n.f. [from declaim.] One
who makes fpeeches with intent tp move
the paffions.

_ Your Salamander is a perpetual dcclaimcr againft
}<''i«"'y- Mdijot,.

Declama'tion. n.f. [dedamatio, Lat.'}
A difcourfe addreffed to the paffions ; an
iarangue ; a fet fpeech ; a piece of rhe-
torick.

'llie caufe why dtLlamalions prevail fo greatly,
is, for that men lutter themfelves to be deluded.

Hooker.
Thou mayed forgive his anger, while thou
makcd ufe of the pUinncfs of his dcclamancn.

Taylcr.
Declama'tor.»./ [Latin.} Adeclaim-
er ; an orator ; a rhetorician : feldom
ufcd.

Who could, I fay, hear this generous declameur,
without being fired at his noble zeal ? Taller.

Decl'amatory. adj. [dtclamatorius, La-

tin.]
I. Relating to the praftice of declaiming ;
pertaining to declamation ; treated in
the manner of a rhetorician.

This a while ful'pendcd his interment, and be-
came a dcclametory cheme amongft the religious
men of that age. /AV/cb.

2, Appealing

DEC

s. Appealing to the paffions.

Hr has run himfclt 'into his own Jt,-!jmcry
wayt and alninil torgotcen that he was Aow letting
up for a moral poet. Dfytlen,

Decla'rable. fli^r'. \imTa. declare.'^ Ca-
pable of proof.

This is dtcUrahle from the bed writers. Brnar.
Declara'tion. n./. [horn tieclare.'\

1. A proclamation or affirmation; open
exprelEon ; publication.

His promifes arc nothing 'die but d^chrtikns,
what God will do f^r the good ot' men. Unkcr,

Though wit and learning are cert nil and ha-
hitujl pcrfedions of the mind, yet the </«ibiwr/M
of them, which alone brings Che repute, is fubje£l
to a thoaTand hazards. Soutb.

There are no where (o pljin and Aill decUra-
tiira of mercy and love to ihe ions of men, as are
made in the gofpel. TWarfcr.,

2. An explanation of fomething doubtful.
Obfolete.

3. [In law.] Declaration fjeclaratioj is
properly the fhewing forth, or laying
out, of an a\^ion perfonal in any fuic,
though it is iiled fometimes fur both
perlbnal and real afUons. Ccnvell.

Decla'rative.«/^". \JroTadtclare.'\

1. Malsing declaration ; explanatory.

The names of things fhould be always t.i»ken from
fomething obfervably dulartHive of their form or
nature. Crnv*

2. Making proclamation.

To this we may add the VKC fapuli, fa declara-
tive on the fame fide. Stvift.

DECLA'aATORiLY. ad'v, [ffOm declara-
tory.'] In the form of a declaration ;
not in a decretory form.

Andreas Alciatus the civilian, and Francifcus
de Cordua, have both diclarat'jrily confirmed the
fame. Brnvrt^s Vulgar Etrouru

Decla'ratory. adj. \^ horn declare. Y
Affirmative ; expreffive ; not decretory ; '
not promifTory, but expreffing fomething
before promiied or decreed. Thus, a de-
flaratory law, is a new a£l confirming a
former law.

Thefe Ijjeffings are not only ieclaratary of the
{ood plcafure and Intention of Cod towards them,
(ut Ukewife of the natural tendency of the thing.

TJhthn.
To DECLA'RE. -v. a. [Jedaro., Latin,']
1. To clear; to free from obfcurity ; not
in ufe.

To declare this 1 little, we muft aflfume that the
furfaccs of fuch bodies are exactly fmooth. Boyle.

Z. To make known ; to tell evidently and
openly.

It hath been declared unto me of you, that tlwre
are contentions among you. I Ctr, i. 11.

The fun by certain figns deehres
Both when the fouth projefts a ftormy day,
' And when the clearing north will pu^' the cloud^^
away. Drydin's yirgil.

3. To publilh; to proclaim.

Declare liis glory among the heathen.

i Chroit. avi. 14.

|.. To fliew in open view ; to fliew an opi-
nion in plain terms.

In Czfar's army fomcwhat the foldiers vrouldl
have had, yet they would not declare themlelves in
jt, but only demanded a difcharge. Bacon.

We are 3 confiderablc body, who, upon a proper
occaGon, would not fail to declare ourfelves. jidjif.

Vo Decla're. f. ». To make a declara-
tion ; to proclaim fome refolution or opi-
nion, or favour or oppofuion ; with /or
or again^.

DEC

The Internal faculties of will and underftsnding
decreeing and declaring again/I them. Taylor.

God IS faid not to have left himfcif without
witnefs in the world ; there being fomething fixed
in the nature of men, that will be fore to teltify
and dalnrefor him. Soath'i Sermons,

Like fawning courtiers, for fuccefs they wait ;
And then come fmiling, and dularefor fate.

Dryden.

Deci.a'rement. tt. /. [hom declare.]
Difcovery ; declaration ; tellimony.

Cryital will calefy into eledlricity ; that is, into
a power to attrad ftraws, or light bodies j and
convert the needle freely placed, which is a de~
clarement of very different parts. Brov/n.

Decla'rek. w.y; [from declare.] A pro-
claimer ; one that makes any thing
known.

Declb'nsjon. h./. [declinatio, Latin.]

1 . Tendency from a greater to a lefs de-
gree of excellence.

A beautj'-waining avki dilheflcd widow,
Ev'n in the afternoon of her bcft days,
Scduc'd the pitch and helglit of all his thoughts
To bafe declenfi'.n. Hbah/peare'i Richard 111.

Take the pidiure of a man in the grcenncls and
vivacity of his you:h, and in the latter date and
declenjivn of his drooping years, and you will fcarcc
icnow it to belong to the fame perfon.

South' t Sermons ■

2. Declination; defcent.

We may rcafonably allow as much for the de~
clenjvjn of the land trom that place to the lea, as
for the immediate height of the mountain.

Btimet's Theory.

3. Inflexion J manner of changing nouns.

Declenjiort is only the variation or change of the
termination of a noun, whilft it continues to fignify
the fame thing. Clarke s Latin Grammar,

Decli'n ABLE. adj. [from decline.] Hav-
ing variety of terminations : as, a de-
clinable noun.

Declina'tion. n.f, [^declinatio, Latin.]

1 . Defcent ; change from a better to a
worfe Hate ; diminution of vigour ; de- '
cay.

The queen, hearing of the declination of a mo-
narchy, took it fo ill, as (he would never after hear
of his fuit. Bacon,

Two general motions all animations have, that I
is, their beginning and increafe ; and two more,
that is, their liate and declination.

Brown's Vulgar Errouri.
Hope waits upon the flow'ry prime ;
And fummer, though it be lets gay.

Yet is not look'd on as a time
Of declination or it<:iy. lyaller.

2. The aft of bending down : as, a decli-
nation of the head.

3. Variation from reflitude; oblique mo-
tion ; obliquity.

Suppoftng there were a declination of atoms, yet
will it not effect what they intend ; for then they
do all decline, and fo there will be no more con-
courfe than if they did perpendicularly defcend.

Ray.

This declinaiisn of atoms in their defcent, was
itfelf eitlier necellary or voluntary. Bcnticy.

4. Deviation from moral reftitude.

That a peccant creature Hiould difapprove and
repent of every declination and violation ot the rules
of jull and honcft, this right realon, difcourfing
upon the (lock tyf its own principles, could nut
but infer. Seuib't SeriKons.

5. Variation from a fixed point.

There is no declinalinn of latitude, nor variation
of tlv^ elevation of the pole, notwith'.landing what
fome have alTcrted. JVoodwarJ,

6. [In navigation.] The variation of the
needle from the dixecUon to north and
fouth.

DEC

7. [In tftronomy.] The declhatliiH of n
ftar, we call its (hortefl dittance from the
equator. Brcivn^

8. [In grammar.] The declenfion or in-
flei5\ion of a noun through its various
teroiinations.

9. DtCLtK AT lOK cfaPla/ie [in di.illing]
is an arch of tlie horizon, comprehended
either between the plane and the prime
vertical circle, if accounted from the
call or well ; or eli'e between the meri-
dian and the plane, if accounted from
the north or fouth. Hanis.

D e c LJ N a'i or. \'t. /. [ from decline. ]
Decli'natory. j An inllrument in di-
alling, by which the declination, recli-
nation, and inclination of planes are
determined. Chambers,

1 i;crc are fevcral ways to know the fevcral planes j
but the rcadicft is by an inftrumcnt called a decPi-
naiory, fitted to the variation of your place. JHonon.

To DECLI'NE. -v. n. [decline, Latin.]

1 . To lean downward.

And then with kind embraces, tempting kiflei«

And witli declining head into his bof>m.

Bid him flicd tears, as being overjoy'd. Shakefpt

2. T'o deviate ; to run into obliquities.

Neither Ihalt thou fpeak 'ui a caufe to declitte af-
ter many, to wreft judgment. Exodus, xxiii. a,

3. To fhun ; to avoid to do any thing.

4. To fink ; to be impaired ; to decay,
Oppofed to improvement or exaltation.

Sons at perfect age, and fatliers dedimngf the
father ihould be as a ward to the fon. Slakcjfeare,

They '11 be by th* fire, and prcfume to know
What 's done T th' Capitol ; who 's like to rife.
Who thriven, and who declines, Sbaleffeart,

Sometimes nations will decline lb low
From virtue, which is reafon, that no wrong.
But j'jftice, and fome fatal curfe annex'd.
Deprives them of their outward liberty. ifillm.

That empire mull decline,
Whofcchief fupport and fincwsareof coin, tfaller.

And nature, which all adls of life dcfigns,
Not like ill poets, in the laii declines. Denham*

Thus then my lov'd Euryalus appears;
He looks the prop of my declining years ! DryJen,

Autumnal warmth declines j
Ere heat is quite decay'd, or cold begun. Drydm,

Faith and morality are declined among us. Swiftt

God, in his wifdom, hath been plcaled to load
our declining years witli many fufferings, with dif-
eafes, and decays of nature. Sivifi

•To Dech'ns. v, a,

I. To bend downward; to bringdown.

And now fair Phwbus *gan decline in hafte
His weary waggon to the wcitern vale. Spenfer,

And leaves the femblance of a lover, fixt
In melancholy deep, with head dccl'm'd.
And lovc-dejcfled eyes. Thotnfiti,

2.' To fhun ; to avoid ; to refufe ; to be
cautious of.

He had w'lfcW declined th^t argument, though in
their common fermons they gave it. Clamdcn,

Since the mufcs do invoke my pow*r,
I (hall no more decline that facred buw'r.
Where Gloriana, their great mirtrofs, lies. Jf'aller,
Though I the bufinefs did decline.
Yet 1 contriv'd the whole defign.
And fcnt them their petition. Denham.

If it (hould be faid that minute bodies are indif-
foluble, becaufe it is their nature to be fo, that
would no: be to render a reafon of the thing pro-
pufed, hut, ill cft'eft, to decline Kt\ii:'m^ any. Boyle.
Could Caroline have been captivated with the
glories of this world, fhe had them alt laid before
her; but Ihe gcneroufiy declined them, bccaule /he
faw the acceptance of them was incoulillcnt with
religion. ^Jdifin,

WlMC

DEC

Whtfever ibey judged to be moft «gr«eabte or
difagrteable, they would purfue or icclmc. Atterh,

\, To modify a word by various termina-
tions ; to infleft.

You dedmt mufa, and conftrue Latin, by the help
of a tutor, or with fomeEngliflitrandation. Watn.

Decli'ne. «. /. [from the verb. The
ftate of tendency to the lefs or the worfe ;
diminution ; decay. Contrary to in-
creafe, improvement, or elevation.

Thy rife of fortune did I only wed,
prom its dcclwt determin'd to recede. Prisr.

Thofd fathers lived in the </«//« of literature.

DECLI'VITY. n.f. {dtclMi, Latin.] In-
clination or obliquity reckoned down-
wards ; gradual defcent, not precipitous
or perpendicular ; the contrary to accli-
vity.

Rivers will not flow unlefs upon ded'm'ity, and
their fources be raifcd above the earth's ordinary
iitrface, fo that they rosy run upon a defcent.

Wvidvjard.
I found myfelf within my depth ; and the dicl't-
-uity was fo fmall, that I walked near a mile before
1 go: to the (bore. CuUnir'slraveh.

Decli'vOus. adj. [declivij, Lat.] Gra-
dually defcending ; not precipitous ; not
perpendicularly finking; the contrary
to acclivous ; moderately fteep.
To DECO'CT. -v. a. ytcojuo, decoBum,

Latin.]
I , To prepare by boiling for any ufe ; to
digell in hot water.

Sena lefeth its windinefc by dicoBing ; and fubtile
or windy fpirits are taken otf by incenfion or eva-

porati<

Bac,

2. To digeft by the heat of the (lomach.

There Ihe decoBi, and doth the food prepare ;
There (he diftributes it toev'ry vein ;
There (he exp«l« what (he may fitly (pare. Daviit.

3. To boil in water, fo as to draw the
ilrength or virtue of any thing.

The longer malt or hcrbf are dticBed in liquor,

the clearer it is. Bacon,

4. To boil up to a confidence ; toftrength-
en or invigorate by boiling : this is no
proper ufe.

Can (bddcn water, their barley broth,
Deccd their cold blood to fuch valiant heat ? Sbjk.

Deco'ctibi.b. adj. \_(rom decoft.'\ That
which may be boiled, or prepared by
boiling. Dici.

Deco'ction. n.f. [dtcoHum, Lat.]

1 . The aft of boiling any thing, to extraft
its virtues.

in infuiion the longer it is, the greater is the
part of the grofs bndy that gocth inf. the liquor;
b'lt in dtailion, tho jgh more goeth forth, yet it ci-
ther purgeth at the top, or frttleth at the bottom.
.MM>v Bafon.

The lineamenta of a white lily will remain aftei
the flrongcft deadkn. _ ArhuibnA.

2. A preparation made by boiling in water.

They dittil theii hulbands lajid
In decoflioTis ; and arc mannd
With ten emp'rics, in their chamber
J.ying for the fp'rh of amber. Ben ycnfer.

If the plant ;.e b iied in water, the ftrained li-
euor It called the decMitn of the plant, y^rlnrlinoi,
Deco'cture. a./ [from fl'fcoc?.] A fub-

llance drawn by decoAion.
Decoll a'tion. ». /. [decollatio, Lat.]
The aft of beheading.

He, by a detdlatkn of all hope, annihilated his
Dtercy : this, by ao iumwdaraocy thctcof, defiroy-
cd bit juftice, Mtown.

DEC

Decompo'site. tu(/. \decoi}:fofitu>, Lat.]
Compounded a fecond time; com-
pounded with things already compofite.

Dcccmpojites of three metals, or more, .ije too
long to inquire of, except tliere be (bmc compoii-
tions of them already obferved. Bacor.

Decomposi'tjon. n.J'. \_decompofitus , La-
tin.] The afl of compounding things
already compounded.

We confider what happens in thft compolitiont
and decowpofirhrs of ("aline particles. Boyle,

To DECOMPO'UND. v, a, {decompono,
Lat.]

1. To compofe of things already com-
pounded ; to compound a fecond time ;
to form by a tecond compofition.

Nature herfeifd^ih in tlic bowels of the earth
make decomJxMirded bodies, as we fee in vitriol,
cinnabar, and even in fulphur itfelf. Beyle.

When a word ftands for a very complex idea, that
is compounded and dtcctrpounded, it is not ealy for
men to form and retain that idea eiaflly. Lccke,

If the violet, blue, and green be intercepted, the
remaining yellow, orange, and red will compound
upon the paper an orange ; and then, if the in-
tercepted colours be let pafs, they will fall upon this
compounded orange, and, together with it, deccm-
fcund i while. Ne^vlor:,

2. To refolve a compound into fimple
parts. This is a fenfe that has of late
crept irregularly into chymical books.

Decompo'und. adj, [from the verb.]
Compofed of things or words already
compounded ; compounded a fecond
time.

The pretended falls and fulphur are (o far from
being elementary parts extrafled out of the body of
mercury, that they arc ratber, to borrow a term of
the grammarians, decompturtd bodies, made up of
the whole metal and the mcnUruuni, or other addi-
tame^ls employed to difguife it. Byle,

No body Ihould ufe any compound or decompound
of the fubllantial verbs. Artiiihnol and Pope,

De'corament. 71. /. \_ from decorate. ]
Ornament ; embellilhment. Di^.

To DE'CORATE. 'u, a. [decorc, Lat.]
To adorn ; to embellifh ; to beautify.

Decora'tio.v. n. /, [^(vora decorate.'] Or-
nament ; embellilhment ; added beauty.
The en (Igns of virtues contribute tn the ornament
of (igures j I'uch as tlic decorations belonging to the
liberal art^, and to war. Dryden.

7'hij hel-n and heavy buckler I can fpare.
As only decorationi of the war :
So Mars is arm'd for glory, not for need. Dryden,

Decora'tor. »._/'. [from decorate,] An
adorner ; an embcllifher. Dii!i.

Deco'rous. eidj, [decoruj, Lat.] Decent;
fuitable to a charai^er ; becoming ;
proper; befitting; leemly.

It is not fo decer-;us, in rel'pe^ of God, that
he (hoold immediately dn ail the meaneit and
tnflingeft things himfelt, without any inferiuur or
fuboruinatc minider. Ray,

To DECO'RTICATE. -v. a. [decortico.
Lat.] To dived of the bark or huflc ;
to huflc ; to peel ; to llrip.

Take great barley, .l.icd and deorticalcd, after
itiswcU wa(lied,and boil it in water. Arbuibnot,

De CORT I c a't ion. ti.f. [from decorticate. ]
The art oi llripping the b.-irk or hulk.

D ECO' RUM. n.f. [Latin.] Decency; be-
haviour contrary to licentioufnefs, con-
trary to levity ; feemlinefs.

If yourmafter
Would have a queen his beggar, you muft tell him
Th.-iC majefty, to keep decorum^ niuil
Ma Icf] beg than a kingdom, Sta^effeare.

.?D E C

I am far froqj fufpeiling firopllcity, which [j
bold to trefpafs in points of decorum. ffolton.

Beyond the (ix'd and fettled rules
Of vice and virtue in the fchools.
The better fort (hall fet before 'em
A grace, a manner, a decirum. Prior.

Gentlemen of the army (hould be, at lead,
obliged to external deioruK : a profligate life and
character (he uld not be a means of advancement.

Suljpl.

He kept with princes due decorum.

Yet r.ever (l:ood in awe before 'em. S-wi/^*

To DECO'Y 'v. a. [from ioey Dutch, a

cage.] To lure into a cage ; to entrap j

to draw into a fnare.

A fowier had taken a partridge, who ofTered to
decoy her companions into the fnare. L'EJlrange,

Decoy'd by the fantartic blaze.
Now loft, and now renew'd, he finks abforpt.
Rider and horfe. Tbom/ca.

Deco'y. n.f. [from the verb.] Allure-
ment to mifchiefs ; temptation.

The Devil could never have had fuch numbers,
had he not ufcd fome as decoys to enfnare others.

Co'Vcrnmenr of the Tsn^ue.

Thefe exuberant produSions of the earth became
a continual decoy and fnare : they only excited and
fomenttd lulls. H^oodward.

.^n old dramdrinkeris the Devil's </«sy. Berkley.

Deco'y'juc K. n. /. A duck that lures
others.

There is a fort of ducks, called deeojdiicks, that
will bring whole (lights of fowl to their retirements
where are conveniencies made for catching thein.

Mortimer^

To DECRE'ASE. v. n. [decre/co. Latin.]
To grow lefs ; to be dimintlhcd.

From the moon is the fign of fcafls, a light that
decreafetb in her perfeftion. Ecchi. xiiii. 7.

Unto fifty years, as they faid, the heart annually
increafeth the weight of one drachm ; after which,
in the fame proportion, it decncj^rb.

Brown s Vulgar Errours,

When the 'fun comjs to his tropicks, days in-
creafe and decreafe but a very little for a great
while together. Newton.

7fl Decre'ase, -v. a. To make iefs; to
diminifh.

He did di(honourable (ind
Thofe articles, which did our ftate decreafe. Dan,

Nor cherilh'd they relations poor.
That might decreafe their prefent (lore. Prior.

Heat incrcafcs the fluidity of tenacious liquids,
as of oil, balfam, and honey ; and thereby dccreafes
their refiftance. Kpwton.

Decre'ase. n.f. [from the verb.]

1 . The ilate of growing lefs ; decay.

By weak'ning toil and hcjary age o'ercome,
See thy dccrcajcy and haften to thy tomb. Prior.

2. The wain ; the time when the vifible
face of the moon grows lefs.

See in what time the feeds, fee in the increa(e of
the moon, come to a certain height, and how they
differ from thofe that are fet in the decreafe of die
moon. Bacon.

To DECRE'E. 'V. n. [decretum, Latin.]
To make an edift ; to appoint by edirt ;
to ellablilh by law ; to determine ; to
refolve.

They (hall fee the end of the wife, and (hall not
underftand what God in \\\& counfel hath decreed of
him. ff^fd. iv.

Father eternal ! thine it to decree ;
Mine, both in heav'n and earth, to do thy will.

Milton.
Had heav'n decreed that I (hould life enjoy,
Heav'n had decreed to fave unhappy Troy. Dryd,

To Decre'e. "v. a. To doom or aflign by
a decree.

Thou (halt alfo decree a tfajog, and ic (hall be
eftablilbed. J'l>.

The

DEC

The king their fathwi
On juft ind weighty rcjfons, hai itctttd
His fccDtre to the younger. ^ Ri/Vlt.

Decre E. ». / [decrctum, Latin.]

1. Anedift; a law.

It you deny me, fie upon your law!
There is no force in the <if.vr«i of Venice. Shal.

Tlierc went a decree from Caefar Augulhis, tliat
all the world Ihould be laird, Luke, ii. i.

Are wecondemn'd by fate's yir\yi& decree
No more our houl'es and our homes to fee ? Dryd.

The Supreme Being is fovereignly good; he
rewards thcjult, and puniftiesthe unjuft: and the
folly of man, and not the decree of heaven, is the
caufe of human calamity. Brtane.

2. An eftablilhed rule.

When he made a duree for the rain, ind a way
for the lightning of the thunder. Joh, ixviii. i5.

3 . A determination of a fuit, or litigated
caufe.

4. [In canon law.] An ordinance, which
is enabled by the pope himfelf, by and
with the advice of hii cardinals in coun-
cil affembled, without being confulted
by any one thereon. Ajliffe's Farrrgon.

De'crement. n.J. [/decrement um, Latin.]
Decreafe ; the Hate of growing lefs ; the
quantity loft by decreafing.

Upon the tropick, and flrft dcfcenfion from our
folftice, we are fcarcc fenfib'c of declination ; but
declining farther, our decrevteM accelerates : we fet
apace, and in our lad days precipitate into our
graves. Brrwn's f^ulgar Ermun.

Rocks, mountains, and tlic other elevations of
the earth, fuflcr a continual decrement, and grow
lower and lower. WoQdwarJ.

DECRE'PIT. adj. [ decrepitus, Latin. ]
Wafted and worn out with age ; in the
laft ttage of decay.

Decrepit mifer ! bafe, ignoble WTetch ! Shairfp.

Of men's liv«5, in this decrepit age of the world,

manv exceed fourfcore, and fonie an hundred years.

This pope ts decrepit, and the bell goeth for him :
take order thatthcrebechol'cnapopeof frelh years.

Sacont

Decrepit fuperftitions, and fuch as had their na-

tivity in times beyond all hiftory, are frcfli in the

cbfcrvation of many heads. Brimn's Vulgar Err.

And from the north to call
Decrtpii Winter. Mi/ton.

Who this obfenes, may In his body find
Decrepit age, but never in his mind. Dinbam.

Propp'd on his ftaff, and ftooping as he goes,
' A painted mitte (hades his furrow'd brows;
The god, in tHis decrepit form array'd.
The gardens ertcr'd, and the fruits furvcy'd. Pope.
The cliarge of witchcraft infpires people with a
malevolence towards thofc poor decrepit parts of our
fpecies, in whom human nature is defaced by infir-
mity and dot*gc. MAiJon,
To DECRE'PIT ATE. -v. a. [decrepo, La-
tin.] To calcine fait till it has tcafed
to crackle in the fire.

So will it come topafs in a pot of fait, although
decrepitated. Bniun'% I'ulgar Ermurs.

Decrepita'tion. It./, [from decrepi-
tate.'] The crackling noife which fait
makes, when put over the lire in a cru-

&.

iitncf

cible

DkCKs'piTNESS. 7 »./. [from (/f. •«/>//.]

DacRE'riTutJE. J The laft ftage of de-
cay ; the laft efFofts of old age.

Motlu r earth, in this her barrcniiei's and decre-
pamft of age, can procreate fudi fwarms of curi-
ous cnjrines. ficntLy,

DitcSE'tcexT. etdj. [from decrtfcens, La-
tin.] Growing lets ; being in a ftate of
Recreate.

DEC

De'cretm. ttdj. [(/(ffrrtaw, Latin.] Ap-
pertaining to a decree ; containing a
decree.

A decretal epiftle is that which the pope decrees
either by bimfelf, or elfe by the advice of his car-
dinals; and this muft be on his being confulted
by fome particular petfon or p«fons thereon.

Ayliffi' I F trtrgm.

De'cretal, n.f. [from the adjeflive.j

1. A book of decrees or edifts ; a body of
laws.

The fecond room, wliofe walls
Were painted fair with memorable gefts
Of magiftrates, of courts, of tribunals.
Of lawj, of judgments, and u( decretals. Spcrij'r.

2. The coUeftion of the pope's decrees.

Ti aditions and decretals were made Jf equ jl fuVce,
and as authentical as the facred charter itfelf.

Hmiel's Vdca! Firtji.

De'cretist. n.f. [irom decree,'] One that
ftudies or profeffes the knowledge of the
decretal.

The decretijis had their rife and begiiming under
the reign of the emperor Frcdei ick Barbaroffa.

Aylifft'i farergen.

De'cr ETOR Y. adj. [from decree.]

1. Judicial; definitive.

There aie lenitives that friend/hip will apply,
before it will be brought to the decretory rigours of
a condemning fcntejicc. South^s Sermons.

2. Critic.il; in which there is fome defi-
nitive event.

The motions of the moon, fuppofed to be mea-
fured by fevens, and the critical or decretory days,
depend on that number. Bmvn't Vulgar Eirours.

Decri'al. n, j'. [from decry.] Clamo-
rous cenfure ; hafty or noify condemna-
tion; concurrence in cenfuring any
thing.
To Dh.CRV'v.a. [decrier, French.] To
cenfure ; to blame clamoroufly ; to cla-
mour againft.

Malice in criticks rcigni fa high.
That for fmall errours they whole plays decry,

Dryden.

Thofe mcafures, which are extolled by one half

of the kingdom, are naturally decried by the other.

Mdijcn.
They applied thcmfclves to IcITen their autho-
rity, decried them as hard and urmcceirary reftraints.

Rogers.

Quacks and impoftors are ftil! cautioning us to

beware of counterfeits, and decry others cheats only

to make more way for their own. Stvift.

Decu'mbencf. \ n.f. [decumitr, 'Lat.]

Decu'mbency. J The aft of lying down;

the pofture of lying down.

Tills muft come to pals, if we hold opinion
they lie not down, and enjoy no decumbence at all ;
for ftation is properly no reft, but one kind of
motion. Brrwn^s yulgar Errours.

Not confidering the ancient manner of dccum-
baicy, he imputed this gelVure of the beloved diki-
ple unto rufticity, or an aft of incivility.

Bmm's Vulgar Ernun.

Decu'mbiture. ». / [from decumbo,

Latin.]
I . The time at which a man takes to his

bed in a difeafe.
[In aftriilogy.] A fcheme of the heavens

2. ^

crefted for that time, by which the pro
gnofticks of recovery or death are dif-
covered.

Jf but a mile flic travel out of town,
The planetary hour muft firll bi- known.
And lucky moment; if her eye but akcs.
Or itches, its dccumhiture Ihc takes. D ryder..

Dp-'cvple. adj. [dtci/plus, L^lin.] Ten-
fold ; tlic fame number ten times repeated.

D E D

Man's length, that is, a perpendicular from the
vertex unto the fole of the foot, is deevple unto
his profundity ; that is, a direft line between the
brr-aft and the (pine. Brtnon's Vulgar Errturs,
Suppofmg there bs a thoufand forts of infeits
in this illand, if the fame proportion holds between
the infefls of England and of the world, as between
plants domellick and eiotick, that is, near a t/rrv-
pie, the fpecies of infefii will amount to ten thou-
fund. Ray,

Decij'rion. »./ [decuria, Lat.] A com-
mander over ten ; an oflicer fubordinate
to the centurion.

He inftituted decuriom through both thefe co-
lonies, that is, one over every ten families. Temple,

Decu'rsion. »./. [decur/us, Latin.] The
a6t of running down.

What is decayed by that decurjlon of waten, it
fupplled by the terrene faeces which water brings.

llale.
Decurta'tion.»./. [decurtafio, Latin,]
The acl of cutting ftiort, or (hortening.
T DECU'SSA'lE. v. a. [dectefo, Latin,]
To interfefl at acute angles.

This it performs by the aftion of a notable muf.
cle on each fide, having the form of the letter X,
made up of many fibres, dect/Jfatitig one another
longways, Ray»

Decussa'tion, h. f. [ from decujfate. ]
The adl of crofting ; ftate of being croft-
ed at unequal angles.

Though there bi dccujlfaticn of the rays in the
pupil of the eye, and fo the image of the objcfl in
the retina, or bottom of the eye, be inverted; yet
doth not the objeil appear inverted, but in its right
or natural pollure. Ray,

To DEDE'COKATE. nj. a. [dedecoro.
Latin.] To difgrace ; to bring a re-
proach upon. DiS.

DedECORa'tiON. n.f. [from dedecoraie."]
The aft of difgracing ; difgrace. Dia.

Dede'corous. adj. [dedecus, Lat.] Dif-
graceful ; reproachful ; fliameful. DiB.

Dedenti'tion. n.f. [de and denlitio,
Latin,] Lofs or fliedding of the teeth,

Solon divided life into ten fcptenaries, becaufe in
every one thereof a man received fome fenfibic mu-
tation : inthclirft is </fi/fTifif/9ff, or falling of teeth.
Bi'.vJtss Vulgar Errours.
Te DE'DICATE. -v. a. [eledico, L-itin.]

1. To devote to fome divine power; to
confecrate and fet apart to facred ufes.

A pleafant grove
Was (hot up high, full of the (lately tree
That dedicated is to Olympick Jove,
And to his fon Alcides. Sfetieer,

The princes offered for dedicating the altar, in
the day that it was anointed. Num. vii. ic.

Warn'd by the feer, to her rJfendcd name
We rais'd, and deJicate, tliis wond'rous frame.

Dryden,

2. To appropriate folemnly to any perfon
or purpofe, ^

There cannot be
That vulturn in you, to devour fo many
As will to greatncfs dedicate thenifelves. Stahfp,

Ladles, a gcn'ral welcome from his grace
Salutes you all : this night hcjcdicata
To fair content and you, SbaHefpeart,

He went to learn the profe(lion of a foliiier, te
which he had dedicated hinilell, Cljrtnden,

Bid her inftant wed.
And quiet dedicate her remnant life
To the juft d ities cf an humble wife. Frier,

3. Toinfcribe to a patron.

He compiled, ten elegant books, and dedicated
tlicm to the lord Burghley. Feacbam,

De'dicate. adj. [from the verb.] Con-
fecrate ; devote ; dedicated ; .appro-
priate,

Pray'»»

BED

Pray'ra from preferred foulsj
From faftmg maids, whofe names are dedicate
To nothing temporal. Sbakefpeare.

Tliis tentli part, or tithe, being thus affigncd
»nto him, leaveth now to be of the nature of the
other nine parts, whic are given us for our worldly
neceilities, and becometh as a thing liedkare and
appropriate unto God. Spelmatt.

Dedica'tion. n. /. [at/Z/Va/Zo, Latin.]

1. The a6l of dedicating to any being or
parpofe ; coniecration ; folemn appro-
priation.

It cannot be laid to many men's charge, that
tliey have been fo curious as to trouble bifliops
w'ii piacmg the firl4 tone in the churches; or fo
fcrcpulous as, after the ercclion of them, to make
any great ado for their deJicatiiit. Hoehtr.

Among publick folemniries there is none foglo-
rous as that under the rci^n of king Solomon, at
"tHc <i-vy/fjri'« of the temple. . Addijjn.

2. An addrefs to a patron.

Proud as Apollo on his forked hill,
Sat full-bl -wn Bufo, pnff'd by ev'ry quill ;
Fed by foft dedication all day long,
Hotace and he went hand in hand in fong. P'fc,
Dedica'tor. k./. [from cfeciicaU.'] One
who infcribes his work to a patron with
CO.Tipliment and fcrvility.

Leuve dangerous truths to unfuccefsful fatires.
And flattery to fulfome d;dicatori, Ptipe,

De'dicatory./j/t)'. [from dedicate.'\ Com-
pofing a dedication ; complimental ;
adulatory.

Thus I ihould begin my epiftle, if it were a dt-
dicatcry one; but it is a friendly letter. Psftf.

Dedi'tion. n.f. [liiditio, Latin.] The aft
of yielding up a;r; thing; furrendry.

It was not a complete conqueft, but rather a
dtdition upon terms and capitulations agreed be-
tween the conqueror and the conquered. Hale.
To DEDU'CE. 'V. a. [Jeciuco, Latin.]

1 . To draw in a regular connefted feries,
from one time or one event to another.

I will deduce him from his cradle, through the
deep and lubric waves of ftate and court, till he
waj fwallawed in the gulph of fatality.

H^otten Buck.

O goddefs, fay, fliall I deduce my rhimes
From tlie dire nation in its early times ? Pope.

2. To form a regular chain of confequen-
tial propofitions.

Reafon is nothing bat the faculty of deducing
unknown truth* from principles already known.

hocke,

3. To lay down in regular order, (o as
that the following ihall naturally rife
from the foregoing.

Lend me your fong, ye nightingales I oh pour
The mazy-runriing foul of melody
Into my varied vcrl'c ! while 1 deduce^
From the firft note the hollow cuckoo Zing?,
The fymphony of fpring. Tbomfan.

Dedu'cement. »./ [from deduce.] The
thing deduced ; the colleftion of reafon ;
confequential propofition.

Praife and prayer are his due worfliip, and the
reft of thofc dtducementi which I am con/ident arc
the remote effefls of revelation. Dryden.

DeDu'ciBLE. adj. [from deduce.] Col-
ledljble by reafon ; confequential ; dif-
coverable from principles laid down.

The condition, although dcduable from many
grounds, yet (hall we evidence it but from few,

Brcrwn'l ^ulfar Errcun.

The general charafter of the new earth is pa-
raifaicali and the particular charafler, that it
haft no fca : and both arc apparently deduciiU
tram its formation. Burnet.

io fir, therefore, as confcience reports any thing
apreeable to or deduciile from thefe, it is to be
i^irkened to. South.

Vol. I.

DEE

All properties of a triangle depend on, and are
dcducible from, the complex idea of three lines, in-
cluding a fpace. Lecke.

Dedu'cive. «</i/. [(rom deduce.] Perform-
ing the adl of dedudlion. Di£l.

roDEDU'CT. "j./t. [deduco.h^tm.]

1. To fubftraft ; to take away ; to cut
off; to defalcate.

We deduB from the computation of our years
that part of our time which is fpent in incogitancy
of infjiicy. Nor r is.

2. To feparate ; to difpart ; to divide.
Now not in ufe.

Having yet, in his deduSed fpright.
Some fparks remaining of that heavenly fire.

Spenjer.

Dedu'ction. n.f. [dedttaio, Latin.]
I. Confequential colleftion ; coufequence ;
propofition drawn from principles pre-
mifed.

Out of fcripture fuch duties may be deduced,
by fome kind of 'confcquence ; as by long circuit
oi deducikn it may be that even all truth, out of
any truth, may be concluded. Hooker.

Set before you the moral law of God, with fuch
deJu^iom from it as our Saviour hath drawn, or
our own reafon, well informed, can make. Duppa.

That by diverfity of motions we Ihould fpell out
things not refembled by them, we inuft attribute
to fome fccret deduFlion j but what this JeJulii'.n
Ihould be, or by what mediums this knowledge is
advanced, is as dark as ignorance. GlanvilU.

You have laid the experiments together in fuch
a way, and made fuch dedui>ii,ni from them, as 1
have not hitherto met with. Boyle.

All crofs and diftafteful humours are either ex-
prefsly, or by clear confrquence and deduijion, for-
bidden in the New Teftament. Ti/hi/on.

A refleftlon fo obvious, that natural inllindl
feems to have fuggefted it even to thofe who never
much attended to dedu^ions of reafon. Rogers.

2. That which is dedufted ; defalcation.

Bring then thefe blefiings to a ftrifl account ;
Make fair dcdudimti fee to what they mount.

Pope.
Dedu'ctive. adj. [from dedua.] Dedu-
cible ; that which is or may be deduced
from a pofition premifed.

All knowledge of caufes is deduflive; for we
know noije by timple intuition, but through the
mediation of their effedls. Clan-uille.

Dedu'ctively. tidv. [from dedudi-ve.]
Confequentially ; by regular deduflion ;
by a regular train of ratiocination.

There is fcarce a popular errour paflant in our

days, which is not either direflly exprelTed, or de-

du9i-vely contained, in this work.

_ Brovjn's Vulgar Erroun.

DEED. n.f. [bacb, Saxon ; daed, Dutch.]

I. Adion, whether good or bad; thing

done.

From loweft place when virtuous things prncp-d.
The place is dignified by tli' doer's deed. Shak.
The monfter nought replied ; for words were
vain,
And deedi could only deeds unjuft maintain. Dryd.
The fame had not confented to the council .md
deed. Luke.

We are notfecluded from the expeOation of re-
ward for our chatitiible deeds. Smalridge's Sermons.

2. Exploit; performance.
I, on the other fide,

Us'd no ambition to commend my deeds ;

The deedi themfclves, tho' mute, fpoke loud the

doer. Milton.

Thoufandj were there, in darker faise that dwell,

Whofe deeds fome nobler poem (hall adorn. Dryd.

3 . Power of aflion ; agency.
Nor knew I not

To be with will and deed created free. Milttn.

4. A£l declaratory of an opinion.

DEE

■

They defire, with (Irange abfurdity, tfiat to the
fame fcnatc it (hould belong to give full judgment
in matter of excommunication, and to abfolve
whom it pleafed them, clean contrary to their own
former dcds and oaths. Hooker,

5. Written evidence of any legal aft.

The folicitor gave an evidence for a deed, which
was impeached to be fraudulent. Bacon.

He builds his houfe upon the fand, and writes
the deeds by which he holds his eftate upon the
face of a river. South.

6. Faft ; reality ; the contrary to fiftion :
whence the word indeed.

O that, as oft I have at Athens fcen
The ftage arife, and the big clouds defcend ;
So now in very deed I might behold
The pond'rous earth, and all yon marble roof.
Meet like the hands of Jove. Lee's Oedipus.

Deh'dless. adj. [from deed.] Unaftive;
' without aftion ; without exploits.

Speaking in deeds, and deedi j's in his tongue.

Sbakejpeare.
Inftant, he cried, your female difcord end,
Ye dcedlrfs boaftcrs ! and the fong attend. P:pe.
To DEEM. If. n. part, dem/n, or deemed,
[domgan, Gothick ; doemen, Dutch ; bet-
man, Saxon.]
I. To judge; to conclude upon confidera-
tion ; to tliink ; to opine ; to determine.

Here eke cliaL famous golden apple grew,
For which th' Idean ladies difagieed.
Till partial Paris dempt it Venus' due. Spenler.
So natural is the union of religion with juilice,
that we may boldly deem tlierc is neither, where
both are not. Hooker.

He who, to be deem'd ^

A god, leap'd fondly into ^tna flames. Milton.

Thefe blelTings, friend, a deity bcftow'd ;
For never can I deeitt him lefs than god. Dryden.

Nature, dilhirb'd.
Is deem'd vindiflive to have chang'd her courfe.

7homfin.

i- To eftimate ; to make eftimate of: thi»
fenfe is now difufed.

Do me not to dy,
Ne deem thy force by fortune's doom unjuft,
That hath, maugre her fpite, thus low roe laid Iti
dull. Spenfer.

But they that (kill not of fo heavenly mat(er>
All that they know not, envy, or admire.

Rather than envy, let them wonder at her.
But not to deem of her defert afpire. Spenfir.

Deem. »./. [from the verb.] Judgment;
furmife ; opinion. Not now in ufe.

Hear me, my love, be thou but true of heart, .
—1 true ! how now? what wicked deem is this ?

Sbakefpeare.

Dee'mster. »./ [from deem.] A judge:
a word yet in ufe in Jerfey and the Ifle
of Man.

DEEP. /tdj. [beep, Saxon.]

1 . Having length downwards ; defcending
far ; profound : oppofed te Jhallotjo.

All trees in high and fandy grounds are to be
fet deep, and in watry grounds more (hallow.

Bacon.
The gaping gulph low to the centre lies.
And twice as deep as earth is diftant from the (fcies.

Dryden. ■

2. Low in fituation ; not high.

3. Meafured from the furface downward.

Mr. Hallcy, in diving deep into the fea in a div.
ing veliel, found, in a clear fun-(hine day, that
when he was funk many fathoms deep into the
water, the upper part of his hand, on which the
fun (hone directly, appeared of a red colour.

Newtsn,
\. Entering far ; piercing a great way.

This avarice
Strikes deeper, grows with more pernicious root.

Sbakefpeare,
3 Q- F»r,

For) ercn in that feafm of the jetr, the «.iys
in th»t vale were very tltef. Clami'm.

Titou baft not ftrengch fuch labours to I'uflain

Drink belicburc, my boy! drink diif, and fcour
thy bran. ~

5. F.-ir from the ooter part

Dryd:

»url

5>o the laire I'liiJer, when her nets ar« (presd,
titip i nbufli'd in h.r fiicnc den doet lie. brydey>.

b, l^ot Aipetfioiul ; not obvious.

If the matter b-j knotty, wd tiic Ifnfc liej *(y,
the mind mull (lop and buckle to ir, and ftick
upon it with labour and chougSic, ani clofe con-
trmplatlon." Lvcke*

7. S:'gacious ; penetrating ; having the
power to enter far into a fubjefl.

Wha h-itli not heard i*. Ipokrn,
lijwr itc^ yon were widiin the booiu of bcav'n ?

Sbakrfptarc.
The (pirit c( detp prophecy fli.' hath. Sbaitj'f.
Ke's meiiuting with two </ir/> divines, Shak.
Ho ii>iny ear
Venled nmth policy and projcfts dap
Of enemies, of aids, battles, and leagues,
Piaufibfc to the world, to me worth nought. Mitt.',
I do not difcoTcr the helps which this great man
of dap thought mentions. Lucki,

8, Full of contrivance ; politick; infidious.

When I have mj(b need to employ a friend,
Dttf, hollow, treacheroas, and full of guile.
Be he to mc. Sbakeffeari' 1 Richard III,

9; Grave ; folemn.

O Ood ! if my dtep pray'rs cannot appcafe thee,
But thou wilt be avcngM on my hiifJceds,
Yet execute thy wrath on mc alone. Sbak. R. III.

Not awful Photbtis was on Pindus heard
"With deeper filence, or with more regard. Drjdeu.
JO. Darlc-coloured.

With deefir brown the grove was overfpread.

Dryden.

U. ITaviag a grekt degree of ililnefs, or
gloom, or faduefs.

And the Lord God caufed a deep lleep to f,ill
upon Adam. Gircjii, ii. 21.

12. Dcprefiedjifunk; metaphorically, low.

Their deep poverty, abounde^i into the riches of

their liborality. a Cwinriid^Ti, viii. 2.

J 3. Bafs ; grave in found.

Thefounds made by buckets in a well, are dtepei
and fuller than if the like percuflion were made in
the open air. Bacon,

Deep. it./, [from the adjeftive.]
I. The fea ; the main ; the abyfs of wa-
ters ; the ocean.

Yet we did lift up our hearts and voices to God
abovit, whi'lhewcth his wonders in the deej^. Bacon.

Vhit earth in her dark bow-l» could njt keep
FrOrr. greedy mnn, lies faicr in the deep. fTalltr.

Whoe'er thou art, whom fortune crin^s to keep
Tbdcri'csof Mcptunc, monarch of the liarf. fope.

■i. The moR folemn or ilill part.

There want not many that ^lo fear.
In diff of nighty to walk by this Heine's oak.

Sl.:kijpeare.
TheAf/'of n5ghtis crept open our talk.'SAai.
Virgin face divine
Attra% the haplefs youth through ftorms and

waves,
Alone in deep of night. Philipu

7e 1>e'hpek. v. a. [from deep.]

I . To make deep ; to Hitk far below the

Ajrface. '

The city of Rome would teceivt a great advan-
tage from tlie undertaking, as it would raiie the
tanks jnd deipm the bed of the Tiber. Addiftn.

J, To darken ; to cloud ; to make dark.

You mult deepen \our colours fo, that the irpi
mcnt may be the hi^hcft. P, leham.

3. To make fad or gloomy. See Deep,,

■MfJ '

Her gloomy f r<feftec fadJcns all the fce<ie,u }

4lu(les ev'ry HuW'r,'a*(J ^aikeiit ev'ry gVeeo, ' I

© E F

Dtipeu the mumiura of the failing floods, \

And breathes a browner horror on the woods. Perfe.
DBEP-MOUTHkD. adj. [Jeep inA tMuti.]
Having a hoarfe and load voice.

Huntlnian, 1 charge thee, tender wellmy hound) i
Anil cou^e Clowder with (h: difp-mmib'd Brach.

Shakejpenrt.
Behold the Ehglifli beach
Pales In the florid with men, with wives and boys,
■Whcfi: fhoiJt! ind elaps outvoice that derf-mouth'd-
fea. Shekefpearc.

"Then toils for beaftj, and lime for birds were
found,
A;'.d dop-m-.utb'd iag,i did forell walks fvrroupd.

Drydtn.

Hills, dales, and forellf far behind remain,

Willie the warm fcent draws on the de-.p-mwlh^d

train. Cay.

Deep-muSino. adj. [deep ai\d muj'e.]

Contemplative ; loft'in thought.

But he derp-ir.ufiirg o'er the mountains ftray'4.
Through many thickets of the woodland fliadc.

Pope.
Deh'ply. eid'v. [from deep."]

1 . To a great depth ; far below the fur-
face.

Fear is a palfion thit is moft deep/y rooted in
our natures, and flows immediately from the prin-
ciple of fclf-prefervatton. Tilhtjon.

Thofe imprelfions were made when the brain
was more fufctptive of them : tliey have been
deeply engraven at the proper f^afon, and therefore
they remain. fVarti.

2. With great ftudy or fagacity ; not fuper-
ficially ; not carelefaly ; profoundly.

3. Sorrowfully ; folemnly ; with a great
degree of lerioulr.efs or fadnefs.

He figheJ deeply in his fpirit. Mark, tiii. 12.

Klockin> fo deeply hath fworn ne'er more to come

In bawdy-houfe, that he dares not go home. Donne.

Upon the deck our careful general ilood.

And deeply mus'd on the fuccceding day. Dryden.

4. With a tendency to darknefs of colour.

Having taken of tiie deeply red juice 01 bock-
tburn berries, I let it drop upon white paper.

Boyle.

5 . In a high degree.

To keep his promifc with him, he had deeply
offended both his nobles and people.

Bacon'i Henry Vll.

Dp/BPNESt. n./. [from deep.] Entrance
far below the furface ; profundity
depth.

Cazjianer fet fonvard with great toil, by reafon

of the deef'iiefi of the way, and hcaviiicfs of the

great ordnance. ^nolles^

Some fell upon ftony places.and they withered,

bccaufe they had no deepnej'i of earrh.

Matihfw, xiii. 5.

Debr. »./. [beofi, Saxon ; tbUr, Teu-
tonick ; fl^?, Greek. That clafs of
animals which is hunted for venifon,
containing many fubordinate fpecies ;
as the (lag or red deer, the buck or fill-
low deer, the roebuck, and others.

You have beaten my men, kiUbd my deer, and

broke open my lodge. Sbukejpeare*

The pale that held my lovely deer. Waller.

To DEFA'CE. V. a. [dcfaire, French.]

'J'o Uettroy ; to ra'^ce ; to ruin ; to dif-i

figure.

Give mc leave to fpeak as earneflly in truly
commending it, as you have done in untruly and
unkindly (/f/jrin^ and flandering it. Whitgifte.

Fatal this marriage,
D'faeing monuments of conquer'd FraiKe,
Undoing all. Shakejfearet

Pay turn lix thoufand, and deface the bond.

Sl'ukefpcarei

Wh -fc IVataes, frccies, columns biokon Ue, I

And, tiiou){h de/tu'd, tSve weo>ier of the cjt. ^>jk!.

p E F

One nobler wretch can only rlfisi
'Tis he whofe fury fball deface
The ftoick's image in this piece. PnV.

Defa'cembnt. «,/ [hom deface."] Vio-
lation ; injury ; ralure ; abolition j de-
ftruftion.

But what is this image, a|id how Is it defaced ?
The poor men of Lyons will tell you, that the
image of God is purity, and the defacement fin.

Baton*
Defa'cer. »./. [from deface.] Deftroyerj
abolifher ; violator.

That f 'ul defacer of Cod's handj-work
Thy womb let l,K)fe, to chace us to our graves.

Hbakffeare*
Depa'ilance. n.f. [i/j/a/V/aarf, French.]
Failure j mifcarriage : a word not in
ufe.

The affeftions were the authors of that unhap-
py defaiance. Clanvilk*

■ro DEFA'LCATE. -v. a. [from fair, faL
(is, a fickle ; defutquer, French.] To
cut off; to lop ; to take away part of a
penfion or falary. Jt is generally ufed
of money.

Defalca'tion. n. f. [from defalcate.]
Dmiinution ; abatement ; excifion of
any part ot a cuilomary allowance.

The lea-table is let forth wi'h its cuilomary
b'll of fare, and without any defilcation. Addijtru

'To Defa'lk. 'u a. [See Defalcate.]
To cut off; to lop away.

What he defalks fiom fonie infipid fin, is but to
make fome other mote gufl ftil. Bccay of Piety*
Defama'tion. n.f. [from defame.] The
aft of defaming or bringing infamy upon
another ; calumny ; reproach j cenfure ;
detr.iftion.

Defamation is the uttering of contumelious lan-
guage of any one, with en intent of raifing an ill
fame of the party ; ami thij extends to writi.ig, as
by defamatory libels ; ani to deeds, as reproach-
ful poftures, figns, and ge.lures. .Aylife,

Be filent, and beware, if fucb you fee j
'Tis defamatitn but to fay, that 's he. Dryden.
Many d.irk and intricate motives there are to
detraction and defamation ; and many malicious
fpies are fearching into the aftiuns of a great
man. /Iddiftm.

Defa'matory. adj. [from defame.] Ca-
lumnious ; tending to defame ; unjulUy
cenforious ; libellous ; falfely fatirical.

The moll eminent fin is the fpreading of dfa-
mHiory reports. Gcvemmtnt ef tretongue.

Auguilus, confcious to himfelf of m^ny critnes,
made an ciift agalnft lampoons and falires, and
defamatory writings. Dryder.i

To DEFA'MF,. -v. a. [de &nd fama, Lat.]
To make infamous ; to cenfure falfely
in publick ; to deprive of honoor ; to
difhonour by reports ; to libel ; to ca-
lumniate ; to dcilroy reputation by ei-
ther afts or words.

1 hear^ the defaming of many. yer. xx. 10.

They live as if they profcfledchriftianity merely
in fpite, to defame it. Decay of Piny.

My guilt thy growing virtues did defamti
My blacknefs blotted thy ucblemiih'tl name.

Dryden*^

Defa'me. fi. f. [from the verb.] Dif-
grace ; difhonour : not in ofe.

Many doughty knights he in bis days
Had done to death.

And hung their conquer'd arms for mare M«me
On f diowtrees. Isptnjcr.

Dej amer. n.f, ['ixom defame.] 0{^'»hat
injures rhc reput.-iiioii' of another ; a
detradlor ; a" calumniator.
11 It

D E F

It may ht a ufeful trial of the patience of the
defamed^ jet the dcfatr.ir has not tne >fs crime.

Gover- mcut of th€ Icngue.

To DEFA'TIGATE. -v. a. idefatigo, Lat.l
To weary ; to ti.".

The power of thefe men's indullricSi never <ic
fctigaiii, hith been great. Dr. Mah.i..

Defatica'tion. n. f. [de/aligatio, La.-
tin.J Wearinefs ; fatigue. . Di^l.

DEFAULT. «. /. yefaut. French.] .

I . Omiilion of that which we ought to do j
negled.

z. Crime ; failure ; fault.

Sedition tumbled into England more by the i/i--
fiiilt of governors than tiie people's. Haytuood.

We, that know what 'tis to fall and prav.
Are penitent for your dtfault to-day, Shaiifftari.

Let me not rallily call in doubt
Divine predi(£lion : what if all foretold
Had be;n fulfill'd, but thro' mine own default.
Whom hire 1 to complain of but myfeif ? Miiton.

Partial judges we are of our own excellencies,
and other men's difauUt, Swift.

5. Defe£l ; want.

In litfttult of the king's pay, the force* were

laid upon the fubje^l. Davies,

Cooks could make artificial birds and fifhes, in

Jtfault of re-il ones. j^rbuthnol an Crws.

4. [In law.] Non-appearance in court at
a day affigned. ^ Co^ell.

To Defa'ult. v. n. [from the noun.]
To fail in performing any contraft or
ftipulation ; to forfeit by breaking a
contraft.

Defa'ultbr, «./ [from the verb.] One
that makes default.

DEFE'ASANCE. n. J. [Ji/aifance. Fr.]

1. The aft l; annulling or abrogating any
contraft or ftipulaticm.

2. Defeafanct is a condition annexed to an
aft ; as to an obligation, a recogni-
zance, or ftatute, which performed by
the obligee, or the cognizee, the aft is
difabled and made void, as if it had ne-
ver been done. Cenjuell.

The writing in which a defeafance is
contained.

A defeat; conqueft ; the aft of con-
quering J the ftate of being conquered.
Obfolete. ^

That hoary king, with all his train,'
Being arrived where that champion ttont.
After his foe's deftafar.ct, did remain.
Him goodly greets, and fair docs entertain.

Spenfer.

Defe'asible. atlj. [from defaire, Fr.'to
make void.] That which may be an-
nulled or abrogated.

He cime to the crown by a JifatfiUe title, fo
was never weli fettled. Vnvks.

DEFE'AT. »./. [from itfairt, French.]

1 . The overthrow of an army.

End Marlb' rough's Wjrk and fjnifli ihtjefeal.

jStiii'iJjn,

2. Aft of deftruftion ; deprivation.

A king, up in whofe life
A damn'd defeat was made. SKi'-zTftare.

Deff.'at. v. a. [from the noui).]
To overthrow ; to undo.

Dfui th> fav „ir with ulurpcd heard. Slaitjp.

Yc giidj, yc make the weak moft liiong ;
Thcr<:iil, yc god., ye tyrants do defeat. Shakifp.

'''hey invaded Ireland, and wcrd defeated by the
lorci Mountjoy. Bacun.

2. J ^uilrate.

To his accofations
He pleaded ftill not guilty, and alhg'd
Many SLug rcafuni to defeat the law. Sbahfftere,

P E. F

3-
4-

To
I.

Death,
'Then due by fentence when thou diail tranfgrefs,
Dtfattd of his I'eizuie, many days,
Giv'n thee of grace. Mlltoti.

Difcover'd, and defeated of your prey,
You flculk'd. Drydeit.

He finds himfelf naturally to dread a fuperior
Being, that can drfai all his defigns, and difip-
point all his hopes. Tilkrfn,

3. To abolilh; to undo; to change.
Defe'ature. n.f. [from tie andf'ea/t/iv.]
Change of feature ; alteration of coun-
tenance : not in ui'e.

Grief hath chang'd me,
And careful hours, with time's' deformed hand.
Hath wriit^ ilrange defeatures in my face. Sbak.

To DE'FECATE. -v. a. [defaco, Latin.]

1. To purge liquors from lees or fbulnefs;
to purify ; to cleanfe.

I praailed a way xo^efecntc the dark and muddy
oil of amber. BriU,

The blood is not fulEciently defecated or cla-
rified, bat remains muddy. Harvey.

Provide a brazen tube
Inflext; felf-taught a:id voluntary flies
I'he defecated li4uor, through the vent
Afcending; then, by downward UiCt convey'd,
Spouts into fubjc^ velTcls lovely clear. Philips,

2. To purify from any extraneous or noxi-
ous mixture ; to clear ; to brighten.

We defecate the notion from materiality, and
abftra^l (juantity, place, and all kind of corporeity
from it. Claifvi/le.

De'fecate. adj. [from the verb.] Purged
from lees or foulnefs.

We are puzzled with contradiftions, which are
no abfurdities to defecate faculties. Glanville.

This liquor was very defecate, and of a pleafing
golden colour. ^ Brjyle.

Defeca'tion. n, f. [dcfeecatio, Latin.]
Purification ; the aft of clearing or pu-
rifying.

The fpleen and liver are obftrufted in their
ofHces of defication, whence vicious and dreggifh
blood. Harvry.

DEFE'CT. n.f. [defeaus, Latin.]
I. Want; abfenceof lomething neceflary ;
infufficiency ; the fault oppofed to l"u-
perfluity.
Errors have been corrcflcd, and defds fupplied.

Davies,
Had this ftrange energy been lef>,
Difeli had been as fatal as excels. Sljcimsre,

z. Failing ; imperfeftion.

Oft 'tis fccn
Our mean fecures us, and our mete deff!s
Prove our commodities. Sbakefpeare.

]. A fault ; miftake ; errour.

We had rather follow the perfections of them
whom we like not, than in dtftclt refeinble them
whom we love. HsAeif

You praife yourfclf.
By laying defcBs of judgment to me. Sialeffeare.

'1 rurt not youi&lf i but, your dcfelit to know.
Make ufc of evry friend— and ev'ry foe. Tope.

.. Any natural imperfeftion ; a blemifti ;
a failure, without direft implication of
any thing too little.

Men, through fome drf3 in the organs, want
words, yet faii not to expfclii their univerfal ideas
by figns.^ L^ie.

To Defe'ct. rj. n. [from the noun.] To
be deficieat ; to fall llwrt of; to fail.
Obfolete.

Some loft thcmfclves \if jttempts abo\-e hum.i-
nity j yet the enquiries of moft dcfcHed by the
vKy, and tired within tite fuber circumfe:cnce uf
knowledge. Jircicn's P^ulgar Errmrj,

DEFECTiBi'LlTy. «./. [from defcaihls.']
The ftate of failing ; deficiency ; im-
perfeftion.

••DBF

The perfcflion «nd Ciffisiency of Serif ture ha»
been (litwn, as alfo the defeBthmty of that parti-
ticular tradition. Lord Di^hy 10 Sir Ken. Digly.
The corruption of things corruptible depends
upon the inlrtnfical dcfeaibility of the conneftion
or union of the parts of things corporeal.

, ili>le''s Origin cf MAiikir:d.

DefE CTIBLE. ac{j. [itQaxd(f<ft.]
I. Imperfeft ; deficient; wanting.

The exttaordinavy perfons, thus higbiy favour-
ed, were for a great part of their lives m a dtfeai.
tic condition. Halet

Defe'ctjon. n.f. [de/eaio,l.^\.\n.'\

1. Want; failure.

2. A falling away ; apoftacy.

This defection and falling away from Cod was
firft found i.i angels, and afterwards in men,

RaUigh.
It we fall away after tafting of the good word
of God, how criminal muft fuch a defciiian be !

. Attcrhury^

There is more evil owing to our original defeflius

from God, and the foohfli and evil dilpofitions that

are found in fallen man. yVatts,

3. An abandoning of a king, or ftate;
revolt.

. He was diverted and drawn from hence by the
gencial defcBwn of tlie whole realm. Da-vies.

Neither can this be meant of evil govcrnours or
tyrants, but of fome perverfenefs and dcftition in
the very nation itfelf. Baan.

Defe'ctive. adj. [from defe3ivus,X-s.\..'\

1. Wanting the juil quantity.

Nor will polilheJ amber, although it fend forth
a'grofs and corporeal exhalement, be found a long
time defeSlive upon the exafteft fcalcs.

Brovin's Vulgar Errouru

2. Full of defefts; imperfeft; not fuffi-
cient ; not adequate to the purpofe.

It fubjeifts them to all the difeaf-rs depending
upon a defellrve projcflile motion of the blood.

Arbuthnot on AlimfKts*

It will very little help to cure my ignorance,
that this is. the bed of four or five hypothefes pro-
pofeJ, which are all defeClive. Lucke,

If it renders us perfect in-one accompliihment,
it generally leaves us defcclive in another. Addifn.

3. Faulty ; vitious ; blameable.

Our tragedy writers have been notorioufly dc-
fefiiie in giving proper fentimentj to the perfons
they introduce. AdJifon.

Defective or- dtf dent Nouns. [In gram-
mar.] Indeclinable nouns, or fuch as
want a number, or fome particular cafe.

Defective yeri. [in grammar.] A verb
which wants fome of its tenfes.

Defe'ctiveness. n. /. [from defclli'ue.'\
Want ; the ftate of being imperfeft ;
faultinefs.

Thelowncfs often opens the building in breadth,
or the d'ftBi-vencfs of fome other particular makes
any fingle part appear in perfcdtion. Addifin.

DEFE'NCE. tt.f. \deftrtfio, Lat.]
I, Guard; proteftion ; lecurity.

Rchobcam dwi:3r in Jerufalem, and built cities
for defence in Judah. 2 Chroi ula, ij. 5.

The L(»rd is your protedllon and Itrong Itay, 1
defttice tnm hca:, and a cover from the fun.

Ecclef. xxxiv. 16.

Be thou roy (Irong rock for an houfe af dfnce
to lave me. Pfulm xxxi. j.

Agjinilsll t'liis there feems to be no defence, but
that of fuppoitlng one urtabliflied form of doitrine
and difcipline. Stvft»

t. Vindication ; j unification ; apology.

Alexander beckoned w:th his hand, and would
have made hi^ defence unto the people.

Atls, xix. 33.
The youthful prince
With fcors replied, and made thin bold defence,

Dryden,

3 0*2. 3. ProJiibi-

D E F

3. Prohibition : this is a fcnfe merely
French.

Severe dtfcneit may be made againft wearing
any linen under a cerMiu brcadtlu Imfle.

4. Refiftance.

5. [In law.] The defendant's reply after
declaration produced.

6. [In fortification.] The part that flanks
another work.

7e Depe'.ice, 'V. a. [titfenfus, Lat.] To
defend by fortification : not in ufe.

The city itfeU" lie (Irongly fortifies.
Three fi(le»by fix it well iLftnccJ has. Fairfax.
Defe'nceless. ftt/j. [from Je/ince."]

1. Naked; unarmed; unguarded; not
provided with defence ; unprepared.

Captain or colonel, or knight in arms,
Whofe chance on theie drfcrteli/t doors may felzc.
Guard them, and him within protect from harms.

Milton.
My fifter is not fo Jt/tKcdf/t left
As you imagine : llie has a hidden (Irengtb
■Which you remember not. Miltcn.

Ah me ! that fear
Comes thund'ring back with dreadful revolution
On niy Jt/eme/ifi head. Milton.

On a (lavedifarm'd,
f)eftr.ctlrfi, and fubmitted to my rage,
A b^ife revenge is vengeance on myfclf. Dryim-

2, Impotent ; unable to make refiftance.

V.ill fuch a multitude of men employ
Their ftrcngth agiinft a weak dtfivcit/fi boy ? jiiUl.

To DEFE'ND. -v. a. [defendo, Latin ; de-
fendre, French.]

1. To ftand in defence of ; to proteft ; to
fupport.

There arofe, to defend Ifrael, Tola the fon of
Puah. Judges.

Deliver me from mine enemies, O my God :
dtfend me from them that rife up againd me.

P/a/w lix. I.

Heav'n defmd your fouls, that you think
1 will your ferious and great bufinefs fcant. Shai-

2. To vindicate ; to uphold ; to affert ;
to maintain.

The queen on the throne, by God's afliftance,
is able to defend herfelf agajnfl all her majcfty's
enemies and allies put together. Swift.

3. To fortify ; to fecure.

And here th' accefs a gloomy grove defends.
And here th' unnavigable lake extends. Dr/deti.
A village near 11 was defended by the river.

Clarendon.

4. To prohibit; to forbid, [defendre, Fr.]

Where can you fay, in any manner, age.
That ever God defended marriage ? Chaucer.

O fons ! like one of us man is become,
To know both good and evil, fince his tafte
Of that defended fruit. Milton.

The ufe of wine is little praiflifed, and in fome
places defended by cuftoms or laws. 1'emple.

J. To maintain a place, or caufe, againll
thofe that attack it.

Let me be loremoft to defend the throne,
And guard my father's glories anl my own. Pcfe.

So have I feen two rival wits contend,
One hrilkly charge, one gravely wife defend. Smith.

Defk'ndable. adj. [from defend,'] That

may be defended.
Dbpe'ndant. adj. [dom defendo, Lat.]
Defenfive ; fit for defence.

Line and new repair our towns of war
■With mtfi of courage, and with means defendant.

. Shakefpeare.

IXefe'noakt. n.f. [from the adjedUve.]
1, He that defends againft affailants.

Thofe high towers, out of which the Romans
might more conveniently fijht with the defendants
on the wall, thofe alfo were broken by Aiohime-
dei' engines. IVilkini^t Math. Magi;.

D E F

2. [In law.] Tlie perfon accufed or fued.

This is the day appointed for the combat,
And ready are th' appellant and defendant. Sbak.
Plaintiff dog, tud hear defendant. Hudibras.

Defe'nder. n.f. [defen/or, Latin,]

1 . One that defends ; a champion.

Banilli your defenders, till at length
Your ignorance deliver you,
As molt abated captives, to fame nation
That won you without blows. Shaieffeare.

Do'ft thou not mourn our powV employ'd in
vain.
And the defenders of our city flain ? Dryden.

2. An afferter ; a vindicator.

Undoubtedly there is no way fo effeSnal to be-
tray the truth, as to procure it a weak defender.

South.

3. [In law,] An advocate ; one that de-
fends another in a court of jullice.

Defe'nsative. n.f. [hom defence.]

1. Guard ; defence. .

A very unfafc defenfative it is againft the fury
of the lion, and furely no better than virginity,
or blood royal, which Pliny doth place in cock-
broth. Brown's Vulgar Errours.

If the biihop has no other defenfatwes but ex-
communication, no other power but that of the
keys, he ipay furrcnder up his paftoral fti'JT. South.

2. [In forgery.] A bandage, plafter, or
the like, ul'ed to fecure a wound from
outward violence.

Defe'ksible. a.i;. [from defence.]

1. That may be defended.

A field.
Which nothing but the found of Hotfpur's name
Did ((Mm to make definfihle. Shnkeffeare.

They muft make thcmfelves defenfible both a-
gainft the natives and againft ftrangers. Bacen.

Having often heard Venice rcprefented as one of
the moft deferjitle cities in the world, I informed
myfelf in what its ftrength confifts. jiddifon.

2. JulHfiable ; right ; capable of vindi-
cation.

1 conceive it very defenjihlc to difarm an adver-
ftry, and difabic him from doing mifchief. Collier.

Defe'nsive. adj. \defenfif, Fr. from de-
fendens, Lat.]

1 . That ferves to defend ; proper for de-
fence ; not ofFenfive.

He would not be perfnaded by danger to offer

any offence, but only to ftand upon the beft defen-

Jive guard he could. Sidney.

My unpreparcdnefs for war teftifies for me that

I am fet on the defenfve part. King Charles.

Defenfive arms lay by, as ufclefs here,
Where maffy balls the neighbouring rocks do tear.

h'aller.

2. In a ftate or pofture of defence.

What ftood, recoil'J,
Defeiifive fcarce, or with pale fear furprij'd,
Fled ignominious. Milton.

Defe'nsive. n.f. [from the adjeftivc.]
I. Safeguard.

Wars preventive, upon juft fears, are true de-
fenfivei, as well as on aflual invafions. Bacon.

z. State of defence.

His majefty, not at all difmayed, refolved to
ftand upon the defenfive only. Clarendon.

Defe'nsively. aa'i'. [{rotade/en^ve.] In

a defenfive manner.
DErtKBT. fan. paJJ'. [horn defence.] De-
fended. Obfolete.
Stout men of arms, and with their guide of
power.
Like Troy's old town defenfi with Ilion's tower.

Fairfax.

To DEFE'R. -v. n. [from differo, Lat, J
I. 'I'o put off; to delay to aft.

He win not long defer
To vindicate the glory of bis name

D E F

A^inft all eompetitien, nor will long
Endure it. Mitttn.

Inure thyfelf betimes to the love and practice
of good deeds j for the longer thou dtferrifi to be
acquainted with them, the Icfs every day thou
wilt find thyfelf difpofed to them. Aiierbury.

2. To pay deference or tegard to another's

opinion.
7e Defe'r. v. a,

1. To withhold ; to delay.

/)i/>rthepromis'd boon, the goddefs cries. Pafe.

Neither is this a matter to be deferred til! a more

convenient time of peace and leifuie. S<ujift,

2. To refer to; to leave to another's judg-
ment and determination.

The commiffioners deferred the matter unto the
carl of Northumberland, who was the principal
man of authority in thofe parts. Baun,

De'ference. n.f. [deference, Fr.]

1. Regard ; refpeft.

Virgil could have excelled Varius in tragedy,
and Horace in lyric poetry, but out of deference to
his friends he attempted neither. Diydett.

He may be convinced that he is in an error, by
obferving thofe perfons, for whofe wifdom and
goodnefs he has the greateft deference, to be of a
contrary fentiment. Swifu

2. Complaifance ; condefcenfion.

A natu.al roughnefs makes a man uncomplai-
fant to others; fo that he has no deference for their
inclinations, tempers, or conditions. Lccket

3. Submii&on,

Moft of our fellow-fubjefts are guided either by
the prejudice of education, or by a deference to the
judgment of thofe who, perhaps, in their own
hearts, difapprovc the opinions which they induf*
trioufly fpread among the multitude, Addifon.
D e'f E R E N T. adj. [from deferens, oi defero,
Lat.] That carries up and down.

The figures of pipes or concaves, through which
founds pafs, or of other bodies deferent, conduce to
the variety and alteration of the found. Bacon,

De'ferent. «. / [from the adjeflive.J
That which carries ; that which conveys.

It is certair, however, it ciolTcs the received Opi-
nion, that founds may be created without air,
though air be the moft favourable deferent of
founds. Biiccn.

De'ferents. »./. [In forgery.] Certaiii
vcffels in the human body, appointed
for the conveyance of humours from one
place to another. C/jaml/trs.

DEFI'ANCE. ». / [fromdej!, Fr.]

1. A challenge ; an invitation to fight.

The fiery '1 ybalt, with his fword prepar'd.
Which, as he breath'd defiance to my ears,
Hu fwung about his head. Shakefpeare.

Nor is it juft to bring
A war, without a jijft defiance made. Dryden,

2. A challenge to make any impeachment
good.

3. Expreffion of abhorrence or contempt.

The Novatian herefy was vet)' apt to attra^
well-meaning fouls, who, freing it bade fuch ex-
prefs defiance to apoilacy, could not fufpedt tiwt it
was itfelf any defection from the fa'th.

Decay ef Piety,

Nobody will fo openly bid defunce to common

fcnfe, as to affirm vifible and inziX contradictions.

Locke.

gEFl?[ENS:|''-^t^--.'^^-'L^'-3
I. Want; fomething lefs than is neceflary.

What i; to be confidercd in this cafe, is chiefly,
if there be a fufficient fulnefs or deficiency of blood>
for different methods are to be taken.

Arhuthnot on Diet,

There is no burden laid upon our pofterity, nor
any deficiency to be hereafter made up by ourfelves,
which has been out cafe in fo many other fubfi-
dics, Addijon.

2. Dsfeaj

D E F

C. l>efe£l ; failing ; imperfeftion.

Scaliger, finding a deteit in the reafon of Ari-
ftotle, intrcduceth one of no lefs ^cfic'ur.cs him-
felf. Brr/wni Vuigar Errcurt.

Thou in thyfelf 'rt perfeft, and in thte
Isno i/cjjcittice found. Milton.

We find, In cur own natures, too great evidence
of intclie^ual defcienccj and deplorable confeilions
of human ignorance. GlamitlU.

What great dcjidtnce is it, if we come fliort of
others ? Sprait.

The charaQers of comedy and tragedy are never
to be made perfeft, but always to be drawn with
fome fpecks of frailty and iUfcmct, fiich as they
have been defcribeJ to us in hiftory. Dryden,

Defi'cient. aJj. [Jefidens, from deficio,
Latin.] Failing ; wanting ; defeftive ;
imperfeft.

O woman ! left of all things, as the will
Of God ordain'd them : his creating hand
Nothing imperfeft or deficient left. Miltin.

Figures are either fimplc or mixed ! the fimple
be either circular or angular; and of circular,
eitlier complete, as circles, or deficient, as ovals.

jynton.

Neither Virgil nor Homer were deficient in any
of the former beauties. Drydtn.

Several thoughts of the mind, for which we
have either none, or very deficient names, are dili-
gently to be ftudied. Lucke.

Deficient Numbers [in arithmetick ]
are thofe numbers, whofe parts, added
together, make lefs than the integer
whofe parts they arc.

Defi'er. »./. [from deffi, Fr.] A chal-
lenger; a contemner; one that dares
and defies.

Is it not then high time that the laws fliould
provide, by the moft prudent and effeftual means,
to curb thofe bold and infolent defiert of Heaven ?

Tillotfin.

To DEFI'LE. V. a. [apian, Saxon, from
ful, foul.]

1 . To make foul or impure ; to make
nafty or filthy ; to dirty.

There is a thing, H<rry, known to many in
our hnd by the name of pitch ; this pilch, as
«ncient writers do report, d»th defilr. Stah/f-eart.

He is juftly reckoned among the greatell pre
lates of this age, however his charafler may be
ilifileJ by mean and dirty hands. Stvifi.

2. To pollute; to make legally or ritually
impure.

That which dieth of itfelf he (hall not eat, to
dfi/e himfelf therewith. Lev. xxW, 8.

Neither (hall he defile himfelf for his father.

Lei: xxi, II,

3. To corrupt chaftity ; to violate.

Ev'ry objcft his offence revil'd ;
The hufband murder'd, and the wife dtfil'd. Prior.

4. To taint ; to corrupt ; to vitiate ; to
make guilty.

Forgetfuincfs of good turns, defiling of fouls,
adultery, and Ihamelcfs uncleanncfs.

fyifJ. xiv. 26.

God requires rather that we fljould die, thin

Je/ile ourfelves with impieties. SlilUngfieet.

Let not any inftanccs of fin defile your re'^uefts.

_, _ , lV,ae.

YeDEPt LE. 1/. H. {dcffiler, French.] To

march ; to go off file by file.
Defi'le. n.f. [Jeffile, Fr. from//,?, a line

of foldiers, which is derived homjilum,

a thread.] A narrow paffage ; a long

narrow pafs ; a lane.
There is in Oxford a narrow defile, to ufe the

military term, where the parti fans ufed to cn-

<^°""'"- Mdif-m.

Defi'lement. », / [from defile.'\ Tne

ilate of being defiled j the aft of defil-
I

D E F

ing; nallinefs; pollution; corruption;
defedation.

Luft,
By unchafte looks, loofe geftures, and foul talk.
Lets in defikmer.t to the inward parts. Milton.

The unchafte are provoked to fee their vice
expofed, and the chafte cannot rake into fuch filtli
without danger of rff^/jm.w. SpcBator.

Defi'ler. //. /. [from dejile.'\ One that
defiles ; a corrupter ; a violater.

At the laft tremendous day, I Ihall hold forth
in my arms my much wronged child, and call
aloud for vengeance on her defiler, jiddifon.

Defi'nable. adj. [from dtfine.'\

1. That which may be defined ; capable
of definition.

The Supreme Nature we cannot othcrwife de-
fine, than by faying it is infinite ; as if infinite
were dfinabk, or infinity a fubjeft for our narrow
understanding. Dryden.

2. That which may be afcertatned.

Concerning the time of the end of the vrorld,

the queflion is, whether that time be definable or

no. Burnetts Theory.

To DEFI'NE. a/, a. [defnio, Lat. definer,

French.]

1. To give the definition ; to explain a
thing by its qualities and circumftances.

\^ hofe lofs can'ft thou mean ;

That doft fo well their miferies define ? Sidney.

Though defining be thought the proper way to

make known the proper fignification, yet there are

fome words that will not be defined. Locke.

2. fo circumfcribe ; to mark the limit ;
to bound.

When the rings appeared only black and white,
they were very diftinft and well defined, and the
blacltnefs feenied as intenfe as that of the central
fpot. Neivlan.

To Defi'ne. v. n. To determine; to de-
cide ; to decree.

The unjuft judge is the capital remover of
landmarks, wlien be defintlb amifs of lands and
properties. Bacon.

Defi'ker. n.f. [from define.'] One that
explains ; one that delcribes a thing by
its qualities.

Your God, forfooth, is found

Incomprehenfiblc and infinite;

But it he therefore found ? Vain fearchtr ! no :

Let your imperfcft definition (how.

That nothing you, the weak dtfir.er, know. Prior.

DE'FINITE. adj. [from definitu!, Lat.]
I. Certain; limited; bounded.

Hither to your arbour divers times he repaired,
and here, by your means, had the fight of the
goddefs, who in a definite compafs can fct forth
infinite beauty. Sidney.

z. Exaft ; precife.

Idiots, in ths cafe of favour, would
Be wifely ilefiniie. Staiefpcare.

In a charge of adultery, the acculer ought to
fet forth, in the arcufatory libel, or inquifition,
which fuccceds in the place of accufation, fome
certain and definite time. Aylifie't Purergon.

De'finite. ff. / [from the adjeftive.]
Thing explained or defined.

Spc.ial bjftardy is n^ithlng elfc but the defi.ii-
tion of the general ; and the general, again, is no-
thing elfe but a definite of the fpecial. .e^ylifie.
De'finiteness. fi. /. [from definite.]
Certainty; limitedn«fs. Dii3.
Defini'tion. «./. [drfiniih, l,z\.. defini-

tion, Fr.]
I. A (hort defcription of a thing by its
properties.

I .i.cw my definition of poetical wit from my
particular cnnfideration of him ; for propriety of
thought* and wor«s it only to be ftund in him.

Dryden.

D E F

z. Decifion ; determination,
3, [In logick.] The explication of the
effence af a thing by its kind and differ-
ence.

What is man ? Not a teafonable animal merely ;

for that is not an adequate and diftinguifliing dtf-

niiion. Bentley.

Pefi'nitive. adj. [dejtmti'vus, Latin.]

Determinate ; pofitive ; exprefs.

Other authors write often dubioufiy, even !n
matters wherein is cxpefled a ftricft and definitive
truth. Brown s Vulgar Errours*

I make hafte to the carting and comparting of
the whole work, it being indeed the very definitive
fura of this art, to dift.ibute ufefully and grace-
fully a well chofen plot. IVotton.

Defi'nitively. adv. [from dejiniti've.^
Pofitively ; decifwely ; exprefsly.

Definitively thus I anfwer you :
Vour love deferves my thanks ; but my defert
Unmeritable, (huns your high requeft. Shakejfeare^
BcUarmine faith, becaufa we think that the
body of Chrift may be in many places at once,
locally and vifibly ; therefore we fay and hold, that
tlie fame body may be circumfcriptively and defi-
nitively in more places at once. Hall.
That Metheufelah was the longeft lived of all
the children of Adam, we need not grant; nor
is it definitively fet down by Mofes.

Brovjns Vulgar Errours*

Defi'nitiveness. «./[from dejiniti've.']

Decifivenefs. - Dia.

Deflagrabi'liTy. n.f. [fvova defagro,

Lat.] Combuftibility ; the quality of

taking fire, and burning totally away.

We have fpent more time than the opinion of
the ready defiagraiility, if I may fo fpeak, of falt-
pctre did permit us to imagine. Boyle.

Defla'gr ABLE. adj. [from dejlagro, La-
tin.] Having the quality of walling
away wholly in fire, without any re-
mains.

Our chymical oiL-, fuppofing that they were
exaflly pure, yet they would be, as the beft fpirit
of wine is, but the more inflammable and de-
flagrable. Boyle.
Deflag ra'tion, »,yr \deflagratio, Lat.]

A term frequently made ufe of in chymiftry,
for fetting fire to fcveral things in their prepara-
tion ; as in making y^Jthiops with fire, with fal
prunellse, and many others. Sluincy,

The true reafon why paper is not burned by the
flame tliat plays about it, fecms to be, that the
aqueous part of the fpirit nf wine, being imbibed
by the paper, keeps it fo moift, that the flame of
tlic fulphureous parts of the fame fpirit cannot
faftcn on it ; and therefore, when the dcfiagration
is over, you (hall always find the paper moil't.

Biyle.

To DEFLE'CT. ni. n. {defleao, Lat.] To
turn afide ; to deviate from a true courfe,
or right line.

At lome parts of the Azaics the nziSitdefie^etb
not, but licth in the true meridian : on the other
fide of the Azores, and this fide of the equator,
the north point of the needle wheelcth to the weft.
Bryivn^s Vulgar Errours.
For, did not fome from a llraight courfe defieU,
They could not meet, tijey could no world ercit.

Blachnore.
Defle'ction. n. /. [from dejieilo, Lat.]

1. Deviation ; the aft of turning afide.

Needles incline to the fouth on the other fide of
the equator j and at the very line, or middle circle,
(land without deflexion. Brown's Vulg. Errours.

2. A turning afide, or out of the way.

3. [In navigation.] The departure of a
Jhip from its true courfe.

DfcKLE'xuRE. n.f. [from deflello, Latin.]

A bending down ; a turning afide, or

out of the way, Dia,

Peflora'tion«

D E F

De^lora'tio-k. n. f. \_dtJUratitH, Fr.
. from dtfiiraluj, Lat.]

1. The ad of deflouring ; the taking away
of a woman's virginity.

2. A fclcdion of that which is moft valu-
able.

The liws of Normandy are, in a great meafnrc,
the d^jhrtiin of the Eiglilfc lavM, aiui a trsnfcript
of thf rn. Hale*

To DEFLO'UR. -v. a. [J,/<,rtr. Fr.]

1. To ravifh ; to take away a woman's
vh-ginity.

As is the loft of an eunuch to JtJIour a virgin,
fc i> he that executjth judgment with violence.

Ecclus. XX. 4.
Now will I hence to feirk my lovely mdor,
. And let my fpVenfii! fons this trull drfi'mr. Shak.

2. To- take away the beauty and grace of
any thing.

How on 1 liidden loft,
Defiic'd, iefitur'd, and now to death devote !

Mxhon,
If he died young, he died innocent, and before
the fwcctnefsof his foul was deji'.ured and raviflicd
from him by the flames and follies of a froward
age. Tayl'.r.

Df FLo'uiiiii. »./ [from d/i/wr.] A ra-
vilher ; one that takes away virginity.

I have often wondered, that thofe drficurcn of
innocence, though dtad to all the fcnciments of
virtue and honour, are not retrained iy humanity.

Deflu'ous. adj. [defluus, Lat.]

I. That flows down.

z. That falls off.

Deflc'x. n.f. [defluxus, Latin.] Down-
ward flow.

Both bodies are clammy, and bridle the dejliix
of humours, without penning them in too much.

Bacon*

Deflu'xion. n.f. [dejluxie, Lat.] The
flow of humours downwards.

We fee that taking cold moveth loofencfs, by
contraction of the ikin and outward parts ; and (o
doth cold likewife caufe rheums ajid dcfuxms from
the head. Bactn.

De'fly. adv. [from de/i."] DexterouQy ;
ikilfully. Obfolete. Properly deftly.

La, hnw finely the graces caa it foot

To the inftruracnt;
They dauncen dcfly, and fingen foo'.e.

In their merriment. Sfcnjtr.

D E Fo E D a't I o n . ». y; [from defixdus, Lat.]
The aft of making fiithy ; pollution.
This is no Englifh word ; at Icaft, to
make it Englifh, it ihould be written
dtffdatioH.

What native unextingaifhable beauty muft be
imprclTed and infttti^ed through the whole, which
the drfudaUdft of fo many parts by a bad printer,
and a worfe editor, could not hinder from ihiniag
forth ! Bint'ey.

3D£Fo'*CEMENT. n.f. [{rom f Or ce.'] A
withholding of lands and tenements by
force from the right owner.
To DEFO'RM. 'V. a. [deform!, Lat.]
I. To disfigure; to make ugly; to fpoil
the form of any thing.

I that am curtatl'd of aU fair proportion.
Cheated of feature by diilenihiing nature,
Dffrm'd, unfinilh'd, fent before my time
jUuo tbii breatiung woild, Icarce half made up.

Sbjkijfcart.
Wintry blafts
Dtfarm the year dclightlef?. Tltmfim.

Z. To dilhonour ; to make ungraceful.
Old men with dull dcfrrr.'d tlKit hoary hair.

Drfdcn-

D E F

Dipo'rm. adj. [deformis, Lat.] Ugly;
disfigured; of an irregular form.

I did proclaim.
That whofo kill'd that monller moft difvrm.
Should have mine only daughter to his dame.

$ptnjer.
So fpake the griefly terror ; and in fliape.
So fpcaking and fo threatening, grew tenfold
More drcadftil and diform. Mihtm.

Sight fo deform what heart of rock could long
Dry-eyed behold? MUton.

Deforma'tion. a./ [deformatio, Lat.]

A defacing ; a disfiguring.
Yizvo'v.yii.D. participial adj. Ugly; want-
ing natural beauty.
DEro'RMEDi.y. adv. [from /t/erw.] In

an ugly manner.
Defo'rmednes*. n.f. [from defomui.']

Uglinefs ; a difagreeable form.
Defo'rmity. n. f. [defarmitas, Lat-]

1. Uglinefs; ill-favourednefs.

1, in this weak piping time of peice,
Have no delight to pafs away the time,
Unlefs to fpy my fliadow in the fur.
And dcfcant on mine own dtfrm'uy- Shaicfptare.

Prpper dformity feems not in the fiend
So horrid as in woman. Siah/feare.

Where fits dcfirmity to mock my body.
To (hapt my legs of an unequal fixe.
To difproportion me in every part. Shtieffuri.

Why fhould not man,
Retaining ftill divine fimilitude
In part, from fuch deformUies be free.
And, for his Maker's image fake, exempt ? MVt.

2. Ridiculoufnefs ; the quality of fonie-
thing worthy to be laughed at, or cen-
fured.

In comedy there Is fomewhat more of the worfe
likenefs to be taken, becaufe it is often to produce
laughter, which Is occafioned by the light of fome
dfcrmity. Dry dm.

3. Irregularity; inordinatenefs.

No glory is more to be envied than that of due
reforming either church or ftate, when dtfonr.Uia
are fuch, that the perturbation aninovelty arc not
like to exceed the benefit of reforming. K.CharUs.

Defo'rsor. n.f. [iromforceur, Fr.] One
that overcomes and cafteth out by force.
A law term. Blount.

To DEFRA'UD. tv. a. [defraudo, Latin.]
To rob or deprive by a wile or trick ;
to cheat ; to cozen ; to deceive ; to be-
guile : with of before the thing taken
by fraud.

Tha» no man go beyond and defraud his brother
in any matter^ becaufe that the Lord is the aven-
ger of all fuch, as we alfo have forewarned you
and tertified. Tbtff. iv. 6.

My fon, defraud not the poor o/'his living, and
make not the needy eyes to wait long.

Ecrltis. iv. I.

Churclics fcem iiijurcd and defrauded of their
right, when places, not fanclificd as they arc,
prevent them unneccfTarily in that preeminence and
honour. Hcckcr.

There they, who brothers better claim difown,
Expel their parents, and ufurp the throne ;
Vefraud their clients, and, to lucre fold.
Sit brooding on unprufitablr gold. Pryden.

But now he feiz'd Brifx:i^' iieav'nly charms
And cf my valourN prize dfrauds my arms. Fcfi.

There is a portion of our lives which every wifi
man m>y juftly rfferve for his nwnparticul ir ufc,
without defrauding his nativr country. Drydtn.

Defraud a't ION. n.f. \d:fraudo, Lat.]
Privation by fraud.

Their impofturcs are worfe than aqy other,
deluding not only into pecuniary drfraudaucn:.
but the irr«f arable 4cocit of dcnh.

Urmn't I'td^r Eirmn.

D E F

Defra'udir. n.f. [from Jefraj/d.] A
deceiver ; one that cheats.

The proHigate in morals grow fcvere,
Defrauderi }ii(i, and fycophants fincerc. BhelmfTe.

Xo DEFRA'Y. v. a. [defrayer, Fr.] To
bear the charges of; to difcharge ex-
pences.

He would, out of his own revenue, defray the
charges belonging to the facrilices. z Mac. ix. 16.

It is eal'y to lay a charge upon any town ; but
to forefee how the fame may be anfwered and
defrayed, is the chief part of good advifement.

Sfenfer't Slate of Ireland.

It is long fince any ftranger arrived in thii
part, and thererbre taice ye no care ; the ftate
will defray you all the time you (lay j neither fliall
you ftay one day the lefs for that. Bfcon.

Defra'yer. n.f. [from defray. "^ One

that difcharges expences.
Defra'yment. n.f. [from dtfray.] The

payment of expences.
DEFT. adj. [hxyx. Sax.] Obfolete.

1. Neat ; handfome ; fpruce.

2. Proper; fitting.

You go not the way to examine : you mart «aU
the watch that are their accafcrs.— —
Vea, marry, that 's the diftefi way. Sbaktff.

3. Ready; dexterous.

Loud fits of laughter fciz'd the guelh to fee
The limping god fo deft at bis new miniftry.

Drydtn.
The wanton calf may (kip with many a bound.
And my cur. Tray, pjay diftrji feats around. Gay.
Hi.' r r LY. ad-v. [itom deft.'] Obfolete.

1. Neatly ; dexteroufly.

Come, high or low,
Thyfelf and office deftly (how. Shak. Mechetb.

2, In a fkilful manner.

Young Colin Clout, a lad of poerlefs meed.
Full well could dance, and deft/y tune the reed.

O.iy.
DEFU'NCT. ae^. [defunSus, Lat.] Dead;
deceafed.

I therefore beg it not
To pleafe the palate of my appetite;
Nor to comply with heat, the young afiefts.
In me defunli, and proper fatisfattion. Sbakejf,
Here entity and quiddity.
The fouls oi dcfunH bodies, fly. Uudihra-.

Defu'nct. n.f. [from the atljedlive.]
One that is deceafed j a dead mau or
woman.

Nature doth abhor to make his couch
With the defimft, or fleep iipon the dead. Stah
In many cafes, the fcarchers are able to report
the opinion of the phyfician who was with the
patient, asthey receive the fame from the friends
of the dtfunft. Graunt.

Defo'nction. n.f. [from defu/ia, }
Death.

Nor did the French pcfTefs the Salique land
Until four hundred one and twenty years
After defun^'nn of king Pharamond. Sbakcheare.
To DEFY', ti. a. [deffier, Fr. from d'e fide
decedere, or fome like phrafe, to fall
from allegiance to rebellion, contempt,
or infult.]

1. To call to combat ; to challenge.

I once a«ain
Defy thee to the trial of mortal fight. BtHttn.

Whcic feck retreat, now innocincc is fled .'
Safr in that guard, I durft even hell d.fy ;
Without it, tremble now when heav'nis n'gh.

Dryd.it,
Agis, the Lycian, ftepping forth with pride.
To fingle fight thr boldeii foe dtfed. Vryden,

2. To treat with contempt ; to flight.

As many fools that (land in better place.
Garni ft) 'd like him, that fur atnckfy word
Defy the matter. Sljinjftare,

Defy'.

D E G

DEify'. n.f. [from the verb.] A chal-
lenge ; an invitation to fight ; tiiis is
now bardly ufed.

At this tbe cha!!' -zv, with fierce dtfy.
His tru/npcc Ibuniki tbe challtng'd makcj reply :
With clangour rings tlie field, refounds the vaulted
iky. Drydcn.

Cjfy'er.s./ [frOBii/^.] A challenger;
one that invites to fight : more properly

deJieT,

God may revenje the affronts put upon them
by fuch impudent dtfyert of both, as neither be-
lieve a God, nor ought to be believed by man.

Scath.

Dece'neracv. n. f. [from dtgcneratio,
Lat.]

1. A departure from the virtue of our an-
ceftors.

2. A defertion of that which is good.

'Tis t* ic, we have contrafted a great deal of
weafcncfs and iropotency by our wilful dcgentraty
from goodniifsj but thit grace, which th? gofpel
offers to us for our aiCftance, is fulficicot for us.

TJiotJ'.n.
The ruin of a ftate is generally preceded by an
univerfaj dtg<neracy of manners, and contempt of
religion, which is enciteiy our cale at prefent.

S-wi/t.

3. Meannef).

There Is a kind of fluggifli refignation, as well

as poorncfs and dtgintraty of fpirit, in a ilate of

(lavery. Addifjn.

To DEGE'NERATE. -v. ». [degemrare,

Lat. digenerer, Fr. degentrar, Spanifli.]

1. To fall from the virtue of aocellors.

2. To fall from a more noble to a bafe
ftate.

When wit tranfgielTeth decency, it dtgneratu
into infolence and mipietv. •rilhrjon.

3. To fall from its kind; to grow wild
or bafe.

Moft of thofe fruits that ufe to be grafted, i(
they be fet of kernels or ftones, degenerate. Bacon.

Dege'nerate. adj. [from the verb.]

1. Unlike his ;^nceftors; fallen from the
vinue and merit of hi^ anceAors.

Thou art likr enou^'i
To fight jgainO me unde^ Picrcy's pay ;
To dog his i eels, and curi'Ty at his frowns.
To {how hjw much thou art Xfremerate, Shakefp.
Yet ihou haft greater cajle to be
Alham'd of them, than ihey of thee j
Degenerate frx>ro t!>eir ancie.tt brood.
Since firft the court allow'd th-m food. Smifl.

2. Unwoi thy ; bafe ; departing from its
kind or nature.

So all ihil. tu.n dcgen'mtc, all deprav'd 5
Jjilice and te-r.ierance, truth and faith, forgot I
One man except. MUton.

When a man fo far becomes degenerate as to qui!
the jTinciplcs of human natu;e, anJ to be a noxi-
ous creattnr, theie is commonly aa injury dune
fome perfon or other. Locke.

Dege'nerateness. 71./. [from degene-
rate ] Degeneracy; a being grown wild,
or out of kind.

De o E X E R a't ion . «./. [from degenerate.]

1. A deviation from the virtue of one's
ancelVrs.

z. A falling from a more excellent ftate to
one of lets worth.

3. The thing changed from its primitive
ftate.

In pSants, thrfe tranfplantations are ohvloiis ;

as :hit 01' barlry into nts, if wl eat into darntll ;

mi th<jle grams which jjeiiciaiiyarife among corn,

■t, cockle, aiacu!, legilops, anJ o Uctdegeneratms.

Brntaii't Fuliar £rrturi .

D E G

DECE'tJERors. at(/. [from degemr, Lat.]

1. Degenerated; fallen from the virtue
aod merit of anceftors.

2. Vile; bafe; infamous; unworthy.

Let not the tumultuary violence of fume raen*s

immoderate demands ever betray me to that de^e-

-ntrcttt and unmanly flavcry, which ftould n>ake

me ftrengthen tlicni by my confent. K. Charie%.

Shame, inlh^d of piety, rellrains tliun from

many bafe and degeneroui piaiiicei. iioutb.

Degemrsiis palhon, aj< ; for man too bale.
It feats its empire in the female race ;
There rages, and, to m ike its blow fecure,
Pub fiatt'ry on, until the aim be fure. Drydm.
Deoe'nerously. adv. [ftomdege/urous.]
In a degenerate manner; bafely ; mean-
How wounding a fpeAacle is it to fee heroes,
like Hercules at the diftaft', thus d^generoufy em-
ployed ! Decay cfPUty.

Decluti'tion. n.f. [deglutition, Fr.
from deglutio, Lat.] The aft or power
of fwallowing.

When the deglutition is totally abolllhed, the
patient may be nouriflied by clyfters.

jlrhutimot on Diet.
Decrada'tion. »./ [degradation, Fr.]

1. A deprivation of dignity; dilmiflion
from office.

The word degradation is commonly ufed to de-
note a d^rprivation and removing of a man fiom
his degree. .dyliffe.

2. Degeneracy ; bafenefs.

So deplorable is the degradation of our nature,
that whereas before we bore the image of God, we
now retain only the image of men. Smth.

3. Diminution, with refpeft to ftrength,
efficacy, or value.

4. [In painting.] A term made ufe of to
exprefs the IcITeningand rendering con-
fuled the appearance of diftant objeiSs
in a landfcape, fo as they may appear
there as they would do to an eye placed
at that diAjnce from them. Dia.

•To DEGRA'DE. i/. a. [degrader, Fr.]

1. To pat one from his degree ; to deprive
him of his office, dignity, or title.

He ftould
Be quite eiegradfii, like a hedgebom fwain
That doth prcfume to boall of gentle blood.

Shakrfpeare.

2. To leflen ; to diminifh the value of.

Nor Hialt ihou, by dcfceading to alfumc
Man's nature, leiTcn or ^ra(/« thine own. Milton,

All higher knowledge in her prefence falls
Degraded. Mi/.'or.,

3. To reduce from a higher to a lower
ftate, with refpeft to qualities : as, gold
is degraded into filver.

Dbcrava'tjon. n.f. [ftom degra'vaiiti,

of degravs. Lit.] The aft of making

heavy. D/V/.

DEGRE'E. »./. [degre,Fr. komgra^uj,

Lat.]
1. Quality; rank; ftaiion ; place of dig-
nity.

it was my fortune, common to that age,
To love a lady fair, of great degree.

The which wjn b"rn ot v.Mc parentage.
And fet in highfft fcat of dignity. i'f'lfx'-

1 embrace willingly the ancient received courfe
and convenrency of that difi.-iplinc, which tcachcth
inferior degrees and orders in the church of Cod.

Hooker.

Stirelr ■ 1 '^' '—V degree are vanity, and men

of Ifigh , 'I : to be taid in the balance,

tht'y arc - _ jhtet ihu;i vaniiy.

i'Jalm Ixij. 9.

D E G

Well then, Coleville is yodr name, a knlgfit r«
your degree, and your place the dale. Shakcjpcrt*

Digree being vizarded,
Th' uaworthieft fnews as fairly in the niaik. Slai.

This noble youth to madnefs lov'd a dame
Of high degree, Honoria washer name. Dryden,

' Farmers in dfgrce;

He a good hulbwd, a good houfewife Ihe. Dyitttr

Uut is no rank, no Hation, no degree,^
From this contagious taint of forrow free ? Frier,

The comparative fhte and condiuoB
in which a thing is.

The book of Wifdom noteth degrees of idolatry,
making that of worfhipping petty and vile idols
more grofs than fimply the svorlhipping of th< crea-
ture. ^ Bacon,

As if there were degrees in infinite,
And Heav'n itfelf had rather want perfeflion
Than punilh to excels. Dryden,

Poefy
Admits of no degrees ; but mud: be ftiU
Sublimely good, or dcfpicably ill. Rofiommoit.

3. A Hep or preparation to any thing.
Her hrft degree was by letting forth her beauties,

truly in nature not t) be mifljkcd, but as much
advanced to the eye, as abafed to the judgment, by
»"• Sidney.

Which fight the knowledge of myfelf might
bring,
Which to true wifdom is the firft degree. Deviet,

4. Order of lineage ; defcent of family.

King Latinos, in the third degree.
Had Saturn author of his family. Dryden-,

5. Orders or claflcs.

The leveial degrees of angels may probably h.nve
larger views, and be endowed wvth capacities able
to fet befoic them, as in one pifturc, all rheir paft
knowledge at once. Locki,

6. Meafure ; proportion.

If all the parts jre equally heard as loud as one-
another, they will Hun you to that degree, that
you will fancy your ears were torn in piccei. hryd.

7. [In geometry.] The three hundred and
fixtieth part of the cifcumference of a
circle. The fpace of one degree in the
heavens is accounted to anfwer to fusty
miles on earth.

'n minds and manners, twins oppos'd we lee;
In the fame fign, almoft the fame digree. Dryden.
To you who live in chill degree.
As map informs, of fifty-three. Drydcn.

8. [In arithmecick.] A degree confi.ls of
three figures, viz. of three places, com-
prel«ending units, tens, and hundreds ;
fo three honored and fixty-five is a Vi?-
g''^'' _ Cocker's Arithmttick.

9. The divifton of the lines upon fever^
forts of mathematical inftruments.

10. [Inmufick.] The intervals of fornidS,
which are ufu.-illy marked by little lines.

Dia.

11. [Tn philofophy.] Tlie vehemence or
flacknefs of the hot or cold quality.

'I he fecond, third, and fourtli degrees of heat are
more cafily introduced than the firft: everyone
is both a preparative aod a (Icp to the next. Souti.

.Sy Decrees, adv. Gradu.illy ; by little
and Little.

Thair bodies are cxercifed in all abilities both
of doing and fuffciing, and tncir minds acquainted
iy degrees with danger. Sidney.

Doth not this cthcrisl medium, in pa.Tmg^t
of w.iter, gbls, cryftai, and other compnfl «nd
denfe bodies, into empty fpaces, grow denfer and
ict^cr h dcfreeil' t<lezvttn.

Eaultmg in triumph now fwcll the btild notes;
In broken air, trembling, the wild mufick ftoauj
Till, hy degree! remote and fnuU,
'1 he ltrain>i decay.
And melt away.
In a dying, dying (all. Pope.

Afcrlea

D E J

A nerfon wha Is add!£lc4 to phy or gamiag.
though he took but little delight in it at lirft, hy
itfren contrails a llrong inclination towards it.

SpiHattr, No. 447.

Degusta'tion. It./, [degujiatii, Latin.]
A talHng. DiG.

To DEHO'RT. V. a. [Mortor, Latin.]
To diffuade ; to advife to the contrary.

One feverely d/htittd all his followers fiom

proftituting mathematical principles unto common

apprchenfion or pradice. ffilkim.

The apollles vehemently dibert u( from unbelief.

IVarJ.
Dehorta'tion. ». /. [from dehtrtor,
Latin.] DifluaAon ; acounfelling to the
contrary ; advice agai.nft fometbing.

The autlior of this eptlllc, and the rell of tlic

apoftlcs, do every where vchemcnily and carnuTiy

dehort from unbelief: did they never read thefe

debcrtathm * JVard on Jnjidclity.

Deho'rtatorv. adj. [from dehortof,L^-

tin.] Belonging to diiTuafion.
Deho'rier. «./. [from dehert.] A dif-

fuader ; an adviier to the contrary.
t)E'ICIDE. «. /. [from deus ar.d eade,
Latin.] The murder of God; the aft
of killing God. It is only ufcdin fpcak-
ing of the death of our blefTed Saviour.

Explaining'hrtw Perfcdlion fufter'd pain.
Almighty languifhM, 3nd Eternal died j

How by her patient viclor Death was flain,
And earth profan'd, yet blcfs'd, with dikidt ! Prior,

To DEJE'CT. v. a. [dejicio, Latin.]
I . To caft down ; to afflifl ; to grieve ;

to deprefs ; to fink ; to difcourage ; to

crulh.

Well, I am yonr theme ; you have the dart of
roe; \imde^eHtd\ ignorance itfelf is a plummet
o*er me ; ufe me as you will. Sbiileff>eure.

The lowed, moft dejeSed thing of fortune,
Stands ftill in cfperance ; lives not in fear! Sink.

Nor think to die deject my lofty mind j
All that I dread is leaving you behind ! Pcfe.

z. To change the form with grief; to
make to look fad.

Eneas here beheld, of form divint,
A godlike youth in glittering armour fliine.
With great Marccllus keeping equal pace.
But gloomy were his eyes, dejcCIcd was his face.

Dryder.

Deje'ct. adj. [deJe<Sui, Latin.] Caft
down ; afflifted ; low-fpirited.

1 am of ladies moft dejf^ and wretched.
That fuck'd tlie honey of his mufick vows. Shak.

Deje'ctedlv. ad'v. [from dejeSl.'\ In a
dejecled manner ; fadly ; heavily.

No man in that pallion doth look ftrongly, but
dejed'd/y : and that rcpulfion from the eyes di-
verteth the fpirits, and gives heat more to the
cars, and the parts by them. Bacon.

Deje'ctedness. ». / [from dejtSed.']
The ftateof being caft down ; a lownefs
of fpirits, Diil.

De]e'ction.»./. [dejeHion, French, from

deje3io, Latin.]
1 . Lownefs of fpirits ; melancholy ; de-
prelHon of mind.

What befides
Of farrow, and d^tflicn, and defpair.
Our frailty can fuftain, thy tidings bring. Millm.
Deferred and aftonilhed, he finks into utter dc-
jeUwn i and even hope itfelf is fwallowetl up in de-
fpair. Rt>gers.

a. Wcakncfs; inability.

The effedla of an alkalefcent (late, in any great
degree, are thiril and a dejtSien of appetite, which
putril thJagt occalioB more than any other.

Arbutbttft on AHmenti.

DEI

3. [In medicine.] Going to ftool.

The liver flisuld continual^ feparate the choler
from the blood, and empty it into the intcdines ;
where there is good ufe for it, not only Co provoke
dejcB'ion, but alfo to attenuate the chyle.

Ray on tbe Creation.

DEje'cTtTRE. «./ [horn deji^.] I'he ex-
crement.

A difeafe oppofite to fpinitude is teo great fluidi-
ty, the fymptoms of which aie excefs of animal
fecretions; as of perfpiration, fwcat, urine, fnjuid
dtjfdurcs, leannefs, weaknefs, and third.

A'iuthnot on ^"imffirs.

Dejera'tion. n./. [from dejero, Latin.]
A taking of a folemn oath. Diii.

Deifica'tiON. n.'f. [deijicatian, Fr.]
The aftof deifying, or making a god.

De'iform. adj. [from deus ani forma,
Latin.] Of a godlike form.

To DE'IFY. 'V. a. [differ, French ; from
dei/s zr\A Jio, Lati.i.]

1. To make a god of; to adore as god ;
to transfer into the number of the di-
vinities.

Daphnis, the fields delight, the fliepherds love,
Renown'd on earth, and dfif.cd above. Dryden.
The feais of Julius Ciclar, which we know »o
be aniique, have the dar of Venus over them,
though they were all graven after his death, as a
note that he was diifal, Dryden.

Perfuaiic the covetous man not to dtify his
money, and the proud man not to adore himlelf.

Sotitb.
Half of thee
Is dcijied before thy death. Prior.

2 . To praife cxceffively ; to extol one as
if he were a god.

He did again I'o extol and diify the pope, as
made all that he bad faid in praiie of his mader
and midrefs feem temperate and paflTable. Bacon.
To DEIGN, "v. n. [from daigner, Fr. of
dignor, Latin.] To vouchfafe ; to think
worthy.

Deign to defcend now lower, and relate
What may no lefs perhaps avail n5 known. Milton.

O dei^n to vifit our forfakcn feats.
The mod'y fountains, and the green retreats. Pofe.

To Deign, v. a. To grant ; to permit ;
to allow.

Now Sweno, Norway's king, craves compofition;
Nor would we deign him burial of his men.
Till hedid)urs'd ten thoufund dollars. Sbakeffiare.

D e I'c N I N G . «./. [from deign.] A vouch-
fafing ; a thinking worthy.

To Dei'ntegr ate. -v. ei, [from //.f and
integro, Lat.] To take from the whole ;
to fpoil ; to diminifli. Dia.

Dei'parous. art)'. [(/W/ara^r, Latin.] That
brings forth a god ; the epithet applied
to the blefled Virgin. Dia.

DE'ISM. »./. [deifme, French.] The opi-
nion of thofe that only acknowledge one
God, without the reception of any re-
vealed religion,

Dcifm, or the principles of natural worlhip, are
only the faint remnants or dying flames of revealed
religion in the pofterity of Noah. Drydei.

De'ist. «./ [aV//??, French.] A man who
follows no particular religion, but only
acknowledges the exiftence of God,
without any other article of faith.

In the fecond epidle of St. Peter, certain drijii,
as they feem to have been, laughed at the prophecy
of the day of judgment. Burnet.

Dki'stical. adj. [from </«}?.] Belonging
to the herefy of the deifts.

Wcaknefs does not fall only to the (hare of
chrldian writers, but to feme who hive taken the

DEL

pen in hand to fnpport thtJeiflUa! or jBtlchridian
ichcrae of our days. H^uttu

De'ity. n.j'. [diiie, French, from deitas,

Latin.]
I. Divinity; the nature and effence of

God.

Some things he doth as God, becaufe his dtity
alone is the fpring from which they flow j fom«
things as man, becaufe they iflue fiom his mere
human nature f fome things jointly as both God
and man, becaufe both natures concur as prin-
ciples thereunto. Ilooier,

With what arms
We mean to hold what ancient))' we claim
Of deity, or cmf\re. Milton.

z. A fabulous god ; a term applied to
the heathen gods and goddeflies.

Will you fuft'er a temple, how poorly buift
f.ever, but yet a temple of your </«{y, to be raz-ed ?

Sidnty*

Give the gods a thankful facriijce when it

pleafeth their deiiiei to take the wife of a man from

him. Shakef/eare,

3 . The fuppofed divinity of a heathen god ;
divine qualities.

They on their former journey forward p^f^,
With pains far palling that long wandering U reek.
That for his love retuf-rd deity. Spenjer,

Heard you not what an humble fuppliant
Lord Hadin^s was to her for his delivery ?
—Who humbly complainit^g to her drity.
Cot my lord chamberlain bis liberty. Shakefpeare,
By wiiat reafon could the fame deity be denied
untu Laurentia and Flora, which was given to
Venus ? Riikigb.

Delacer a'tion. n. /. [from delatero,
Latin.] A tearing in pieces. Did,

Delacryma'tion. n. /. [de/acrjmatio,
Latin.] A falling down of the humours ;
the waterilhnefs of the eyes, or a weep-
ing much. Did.
Del act a't I ON. n./. [deladatio,!,^^.]
A weaning from the breaft. Di^f.
Dela'psed. adj. [from delap/us, Latin.]
[With phyficians.] Bearing or falling
down. It is ufed in fpeaking of the
womb, and the like. Did,
To DEL A'TE. a. a. [from delatus, Latin.]

1. To carry; to convey.
Try exattly the time wherein found is delated.

Baton,

2. To accufe ; to inform againft.
Dela'tion. ti. /. [delatic, ha.ua.]

1 . A carriage ; conveyance.

In delation of founds, the inclofure of them
preferveih them, and caufeth them to be heard
further. Bacon.

It is certain, that the dclatitn of light is in an
indant. Baecn,

There is a plain delation of the found from the
teeth to the indrument of hearing. Bacon,

2. An accufation ; an impeachment.
Dela'tor, n. f. [delator, Latin,] An

accufcr ; an informer.

What were thefe harpies but flatterers, delators,
and inexpleably covetous ? .S'*; dyii '■J'ra.tjeh,

Men have proved their own delation, and difco •
vered their own moft important fecrets.

Go'jcrnmcnt of tbe Tongue.

No fooncr was that fmall colony, wherewith the
depopulated earth was to be replanted, come forth
of the ark, but we meet with Cham, a delator to
his own father, inviting his brethren to that exe-
crable fpe£lacle of their parent's nakednefs.

Government of tbe Tonrue,

To DELA'y,i;, ii, [from j/Jfly^r, French.]
I . To defer ; to put off.

And when the people faw that Mofes delayed to
come down out of the mount, the people gathered
themfclvcs together unco Aaran, £xtd, xxxii. t.

Cyruj

DEL

Cyrus he found, on him his force eflayM j
tor Hci5ior was to the tenth year Jelay'ii. Dtydrn.

t. Tobindfer; lo fru Urate ; to'keepYuf-

pended.
3. To detain, flop, or retard the courfe of.

Thydis, whofc artful ftrains have oft dclay'd
The huddling brook to hear his madrigal. Milion.

She flics the town, and mixing with the throng
of madding matrons, bears the bride along :
Wand'ring through woods and wilds, and devious

ways.
And with thefe arts the Trojan match delays.

. . Dryden,

Be mindful, goddefs, of thy promife made !

Muft fad Ulyflis ever be delay d f Prfe,

To Dela'v. v. k. To flop; to ceafe from
afb'on.

There feem to be certain bounds to the quick-

■ cefs and (lownefs of the fuCteiTion of thofe ideas

one to another in our minds, beyond which they

can neither dday nor haften. Licti.

Dela'v. h./. [from the verb.]

i. A deferring J procraftination j lingering

inadivity.

I have learn'd that fearful commenting
Is leaden fervitor to dull delay ;
Jitlay leads impotent and fnail-pac'd beggary.

Shahtjfure'i Rkbard III.
The conduQ of our lives, and the management
of our great concerns, will not bear delay. Loeki.
a. Stay ; Hop.

The keeper charmM, the chief without delay
Pafs'd on, and took th' irremeable way. Dryden.

Dela'yer. «./ [from at/a).] One that

defers ; a putter oiF.
DELE'CTABLE. adj. [eUUaabilh, Lat.l

Pleafing; delightful. ^

Ev'ning now approach;
For we have alfo our ev'nina, and our morn ;
We ourj for change detcaaUe, mt reed. AfiAon.

He brought thee into this delicious grove.
This garden planted with the trees of God ;
Deleliable both to behold and t.iftc ! MUt-M.

Sonie of his attributes, and the manifcftations
thereof, are not only highly dcUaabte to the in-
telleaivc faculty, but are fuitably and eafily con-
ceptible by us, becaufc apparent in his works ; as
bis goodnefs, beneficence, wifdom, and power.

_, Hate.

The apple's outward form,
Deltaaile, the witicfi fwain beguijej ;
Till that with writhen mouth, and fpattcrlng noife.
He taftes the bitter morlel. lii/,/,.

D£I.E'CTABLENESS.«./[from*^A2^/^.]

Delightfulnefs ; pleafantnefs.
Dele'ctabiv. adv. Delightfully; plea-

fantly.
Delecta'tion. ». /. [deleaatio, Lat.l
Pleafure; delight.
Out break the tears for joy and deldtaihn.

Sir T. Mcore.

To DE'LEGATE. -v. a. {delego, Latin.]

1. To fend an ay.

2. To fend upon an embaffy.

3. To entrull; to commit to another's
power and jurifdiaion.

As God hath imprinted hfs authority in feveral
parts upoi, feveral eii^tes of men, as princes, pa-
rent^ fp.ritual guide,; fo he l...-h alio dtlezaud
and committed p„t of hi, care and providence
unt'i them. ' _, .

,^^^^?''^ " '""^ "r*'"^'' monarch, fo we h/v'e"
all the relation of tellow.fubje«, to him : and
can pretend no f.«her jurifdidion over each
other, than what he has delegated to u-..

And All her willing lamp with l,.juij light ■
Commandiag her, with delegated pow'rs,'
To be..ut,fyihc world, »ntf bleu the aigbf? Prnr.

Voi. 1,

DEL

4. To appoint judges to hear and deter-
mine a particular caufe.
De'lecate, n.f. [delegatus, Latin.] A
deputy ; a commiffioner ; a vicar ; any
one tliat is fent to ad for, or reprefent,
another.

If after her
Any fliall live, which dare true good prefer,
Ev'ry fuch perfon is her delegate,
T' accomplilh that which Ihould have been her
<■««• D:mne.

They muft be fevere exaaors of accounts from
their delegatei and minifters of juftice. Taylor.

Let the young Auftrian then her terrours bear,
Great as he is, her delegate in war. Vricr.

Eleft by Jove, his delegate of fway.
With joyous pride the fummons I'd obey. Pt^e.
BE'tEGATE. adj. [delegatus, Lztin.] De-
puted ; fent to ad for, or reprefent, an-
other.

Princes in judgm?nt, and t'neir delegate ]aif(%,
muil judge the caulcs of all pcrfons uprightly and
impartially. Tayicr.

De LECATEs[ Coui-t of], A court wherein
all caufes of appeal, by way of devolu-
tion from either of the archbilhops, are
decided. Ayliffe's Parergon.

Deleca'tion. n.f. [deUgatio, Latin.]

1 . A fending away.

2. A putting in conuniffion.

3. The aflignment of a debt to another.
D£le>(i'fical. adj. [delenificus.hwtl]

Having virtue to afluage or eafe pain.
^ Z>/<3.

To DELE'TE. -v. a. [from deltt, Latin.]

To blot out. Di^^

DELETt'aious. adj. [delelerius, Latin.]

Deadly; deftruftive ; of a poifonous

quality.
^ Many things, neither deletericus by fubftance or

quality, are yet dcftiudtlve by figure, or fome oc-

c.ifional aflivity. 5„,^,,_

Deletery. adj. [fromde/eteriuj, Latin.]
Deftruftive; deadly; poifonous.

Nor doctor cpidemick,
Though (Jor'd with dJetery med'cinei.
Which whofoever took is dead Cncc,
E'er fent fo vaft a colony

To both the under worlds as he. Iludihrai.
Dele'tion. n.f. [deletio, Latin.]

1 . Ad of rafing or blotting out.

2. A deftrudion.
Indeed, if there be a total dclitkti of every perfon

of the oppofing party or country, then the viiftory
i» complete, becaule none remains to call it in
quell ion. „^,^

Delf. J(,. / [from btflpan, Saxon, to
Delfe. j dig.]

1. A mine ; a quarry ; a pit dug.

Yet could nnt luth mines, withoui great pains
and dutgcs, if at all, be wrought : the</.v/j would
be fo flown with waters, that « > gins or machines
■ could luthte to by and keep them dry.

_ tiay t"i the Crci:tkit.

2. i-.arthen ware ; counterfeit China ware
made at Delft.

Thus barter hoiidur for a piece at delf <
No, not for China's wide domain iticlt. Smart.
Deliba'tion. n.f \dcUbatio.t.?An\.^
An effay ; a talle.

To DELI'BERATE. 'v.v. [deltbero, Lat.]
To tliink, in order to choice ; to hefitate.

A coiif.iou , wife, reflecting caulc,
Which freely inovrs and afts by reafon's laws ;
That can drlii.r^ie means clcil, and find
Their dye canne{li«n with the end defign'd.

Bkektmre.

DEL

When love once pleads admifllon to our hearts.
In fpite of all the virtue we can boaft.
Tile woman that deliberates is loft. Addifin.

Deli'berate. adj. [deliberatus, Latin.]

1. Clrcumfped; wary; advifed'; difcrcet.

Moit Grave-beily was deliberate.
Not raih like his accuferj. ibakcSf,. Cmohr.us.

2. Slow ; tedious ; not'fudden ; gradual.
Commonly it is lor virtuous confiJerations, that

wifdom fo far prevaileth with men as to make
them defirous of (low and ddiheraie death, againit
the ilream of their fcnfual inclination. Hlcier.
Echoes are fome more fudjcn, and chop again
as foon as the voice is delivfred j others are more
deliberate, that is, give mere fpacc between the
voice and the echo, which is cauiid by the local
nearncfs or diftancc. Bacon.

Deli'berately. c^ii. [from deliberate.}

1. Circumfpedly ; advifedly ; warily.

Ke judges to a l..\ir of li:rle indecencies; knows
better than any man what is not to be written ;
and never hazards himfclf fo far as to fall, hut
plods on deliieraiely ; and, as a grave man ought,
is fure to put his llaff before him. . Drydcr..

2. Slowly ; gradually.
Deli'berateness. «. / [from delih-

rate.} Circumfpedion ; warinefs ; cool-

nefs ; caution.

They would not ftay the fairproduftion of afts,

in tlic order, gravity, and deliberatenefs befitting*

parliament. Kjrg Charlc'i'.

D E I, I B E R a't I o N . w. / [deliberatlo, Lat . ]

The ad of deliberating ; thought ia

order to choice.

If mankind had no power to avoid ill or choofe
good by free deliberation, it ftiould never be guilty
of any thing that was done.

Hatr.mond'' s Furdamentah.

Deli'berative. adj. [delibera/ivus, La-
tin.] Pertaining to deliberation ; apt
to confidcr.

Dem'berative. »./ [from the adjec-
tive.] The difcourfe in vvJiich a queftiou
is deliberated.

In diliberatives, the point is, what is evil ; and
of good, what is greater } and of evil, what is lefs.

BacCTj.

DE'LICACy. ». f [delicatefjre, French, of
delicire, Latin.]

1. Daintinefs ; pleafantnefs to the tafte.

On hofpitablc thoughts intent.
What choice to choofe for delitacy beft. Milton,

2. Nicety in the choice of food.

3. Any thing highly pleafing to the fenfes.

Thefc delicacies,
I mean of tafte, fight, fmell, herbs, fruits, and

flow'rs.
Walks, and the melody of birds. Milton,

4. Softnefs ; elegant or feminine beauty.

A man of goodly prclencc, in whom ftrong
making took not away delicacy, nor beauty ficice-

5. rsicety; minute accuracy.

Van Dyck hui even exjcllcd him in the delicacy
of his colouring, and in his cabinet pieces. Dryd.

You may fee into the fpirit of them all, and
form your pen from thofe general notions and de-
licacy of thoughts and happy words. Felton,

6. Ncatnefs ; elegance of drefs.

7. Politenefs of manners : contrary to
gro/nej's.

8. Indulgence ; gentle treatment.

Perfun^ b'lrn of families noble and rich, derive
a wcaknefs of conftitution from the e.ili: ;.nd
luxury of their anceftors, and tlie delicacy of tiicir
own cducatinn. I'cmfli.

9. Tendernefs; fcrupuloufnefs.
Any zealous tur promoting the intei'ft of liif

country, muft conquer a!! tlct tendemcfs and
3 " delicacy,

DEL

iditstj, «hUh mun sake hi» aCrs4 t4 ^a»|
^kca iO <A. jUdiftm.

10. Weakne{( of conSibiiion.

11. Snnllncf* ; tenaitjf.
Dz'licatc. adf. [dehait, French.]

1. Nice; pleaifing to the tz&e ; of an
agreeable fiavour.

The cUKfiaf of « iJUtu Wfecc J aofC et£-
avjr didk, 11 c) W4ane a* •xiicr iuHoas aAioni
ur, ' there arc bo dcyitc* tmi ftttiU

2. D~.. .J , -cfiroo* of Cartons meatt.

3. Choice; feled ; excellent.
^ Pleaiing to the renfci.
$■ Floe; not coarfe; confifiing of fmall

pans.

At r.'.ixU U0«4 ftlicAi tbraogb ill* !•»(« u

ii.-',i:!. .1! tbc fco^; itK circaUcion it^akkn,

ittma, tai (bar texture it cxtitmc!;

6. Of L<(Ji:« manner* ; not eiof>,or coarfe.
^. Son ; eficfflinatc ; unabb to bear bard-
Pupf.

Witaeft lliu armjr, ef fadi mat* aa4 cba>t<>
Lc4 bjr a tUHean tn4 ttiuUt priace. Utatf^tri.
Tca4cr aa4 MUalt pcribni mait seedt be oft
■ofrf , lliejr banc <<> oMay thmp to frtxtbk tlxtri,
«U<k tatf* roMI aatate* ban fittk Utit of.

S. Pore; clear.

Where dieir roofl fcxcd m4 faHuit, I have eb-
6rv'4
The aif it itlUtU. Shak^ftart.

Dt'LiCATEi,y. fl/i/. [ham dtlUaii.^
I. Beautifully ; with {c^t elegance.

Tbat trbkli w;U 4i*ia(iiift bit Ajrlc from atl
•dxr foett, it (ht eicfaocc of ld« «e>4«, anJ the
nimt— fadfc of hit *cric « time it oothing (o
^Umtiy \mn»t ia all tW Kbwiw UnpHgr. Dryd.

LaJtet Kkc mntfMtU tutif* Aoir,
Tit to their ekaiifet half (heir chirmt we owe;
itKb hawy (jpou lb* nice »Iinir<:r l,t]ce,
Fine \ri iefea, mmI ditittt^ wttk. Ptft.

z. Finely ; not contklj.

3. Daintily.

£<t n'yt deUtttI), or tiktiji (hat i«, be not
tro«M(ien* to tkyfelf ar Mfccr* •■ ttw cboiee '/f
diy ncstt, or dw 4(i<ca*f of (by iiwcct. 'A>//ir.

4. Choicely,

5. Poltuly.

6. Effeminately. y
De'LiCATtKi**. n. /, [from ilelicatt.\

The ftate of being delicate; tender-
neft ; ibftneft ; effeminacy.

The dcfieaic wamaa unoiM jron «wi>l4 im( a4-
tcnture to fiet (b* M* of Ut/uoi vftM Ibc groand,
for dtlitaumji and icndcrod*. />«ifc «*«iii. 56.

Di'licatei, «r./. [Irom di/ua/e.} Nice,
ties ; raritiet ; that which u chtdce and
dainty.

The flwpbcrd't bomeljr cardi.
Hit coU thin Wriok out of hii Icatiier kottkf
All which fecarc and rweetty be enjojri.
Are far fae^otvd a princc't dtluaiit. Sbatrfftart.

7 h--/ rheW^appetJtit not only fetd
Vi ■ i,f leavei and mardiy w«d,

I !.ckl? rcip the rankeft laod. Drjier,.

wi:ri a^:-incnce all delieatti he feet.
And can regale bimielf witii toad and cheeTc.

Kingi Cwirrjf.

Di'ncn. »./• P'- [</'/'<■'>. Latin.] Plea-
fare"., 'r*"'" ■■■"■' '•. merely French,

An . ouc hit idle mind

In ■:.■ :. joyi,

'.'- wej| oni caft behind,
/. -.'.i.-e* and Tain plcafing toyi.

Sprnjtr,

Titt.i' ciov t. oM. {dtlicitux, French, from
dtlUai.t, Laun.j Sweet ; delicate; Uiat
6

DEL

aibrdt delight ; agreeable ; ckaroiing ;
grateful to the fenie or mind.

It it bifhly ptobaUc, tbtt uy^ Adup't difobe-
i'ltw'. Alrr.ijbtjr Cod ekaied him o« »f Par»lifr,
the fiir'ft and matt dAcieut ftiX of the eanh, inVi
htut other U»e aoift binra »»d vojiet(mt.

fftedvmtd.

In hit Itft hoar* bit aff wit difpiay ;
Like the rich frait b* fop. dtJuhtt in iccar.

otKtff.

SfiU oa that b- ' ri let lae Ue,

StiU drifak dtlU:. 1 tt.y ejre. Ptfe.

DtVt'ctOVtt.Y. «-"-. I !•"" -^/"icui.]

Sweetly ; pleafar.tly ; ;■.

H'/w moeh flte badi (Ic*./, ,. .. ' •"^

dekijojlf, Ui nsuch tunner.t and (in

Dsti'cioutxESt. /t. /. [from dthaouj.]

Delight ; p'^^f'^

I'v/.

DEL

O voice' '«ce }>eard
PetifJ-'' ' '■■• -'it 4&d makipiy ;
ti rti . ' I . Milan,

DtLl',:. n./. [from Jehgit.]

Plca(ure ; ; fatufaAion.

ItloatbCNDcin i'-. ■,-/'>

Aad io ibc tafl* coti/ouoJi I' '!airjf..

LctiMaunjiidttafluiarc.' :c;iiri;(>

and ef&cacy of tlic iacraincnt iti .., .; ..,, ici/fib.^
fdiA, bjr lb* (»* MAdduiwJ'iJh «>>'-•■> >«: f™*-
lirort ftrceirci, and it other lirnet doct n'lt per-
ceive. _ Tajl/yr,

DEtiOA'Tiow.w./; [</r//f<»//e, Latin.] A
binding op in chirurgery.

The third iatention it dtttiat'nn, or rctaininj
the paru f< joined t/>j(«ther. H^i^mun't huryrj.

Deli'cht. m f. \fUlUt, i-rench, from

diUaoT, Latin.]
1. Joy; content; fatisfaftion.

S«u! c<n)inaii ing, comawne

with Mfi'.l f-C!' -Ite kinj; hath

ditifht in thee, tr.i. ^.i 1.13 ic. v.r.u k^re thee.

I igwi, aviii. ax.

a. That which g^ve* delight.

Coaic, After*, cbear w< ap Mt fprigtiW,
And ftew the IkA of oar dttiibtt 1
We'll charm tti« air Xn give a (bund,
While you yninnn jt^T aotick roood. Shaluff.

Titut Vtfpafian wat not more the dititbr of
hkinan ki.-:!! : riie univerfil empire made Htm or.ly
more kro^vn, and more powerful, but cutjld not
make him more beloved. Dtjiin.

SK^ •/. * ! ■ 1 r tr*, hit hope, and hit dtliiki \
M -ht, and ever in hit fight. Drjd,

To\i. ' r. f. «. [de/e^or, Latin.]

To pleafe ; to content ; to latiify ; to
afford pjeafore.

Tlie princet <fe/(|;t/(iijj til - -n-

firmikg their ICn^^wtedge, t ' '■

difcipline differed from tlieljtKH'.v.c-, i.jj viraf.
Ing entert»inm«t<». Sid^ij^

Dtlitif tbyCrlf alio in tJie Lord, and be Ihall
^ ifaw the dcAm of thin* heart, f/. xtzvii. 4.

fom irStAt, v/ti«itof ffiff.'- ^-r bf«», diUiiiii
with flowert, a , otheri beetle*,

lir/jfi/*/ with '. ■■■•• ^ori''

Aehejtd, het'.'-k, J' : ; •' ■''■■,

Dr/fg^W, fwiU'dthelargel' !'■

Tn Deli'cmt, 1/. ». '1 o Ma.i. .,.,,^,.1 or
pleafure in. It it followed by in.
Doth my k»d, tb* king, <<r/igi'< in iliit thing ?

% ham. xaiv.
BiclTcd it tit* m«n thai fcttetli the Uni, thai
dttiibinh gTMfiy in hit commandmenli.

rjalm lt"t. I.

DELi'<iHTi'i'i.. aJj, [from dilight and
y»//.] Plealant ; charming ; full of de-
Hdtt.

He wit given to fptrinf in (o Immetfwrttik fort,
that he did not only ' ' \hi-

Jul, bat aimoft from '

'"'J-
No fpring nor fumtrnr, ' 1,

Smilo with gay frvitt or » „ ., ..

DE(.i'cMTpuLi.r.«i//i/.Flcafantlyicbarjn-
ingly ; with delight.

: 'nth,f,l«f,,

\. 'HiTCKHl.

i>d»J-

Tt))t \rAvA ftcwt (h* ac*ll*<Ky of tie o^i*a,

but d ' 'netuktimtyti»diliitt/'iili>tf$

Hthi I,:: t .•> i.. adj. [from delight. '\
Pleafant; delightful.

'[:- ■■■' nfelvct being fo j"'— • •' -

knit'; ii Skatt aad inbJr

•u\v>>. ^ compaft of hit fpe^

jmu ivtiaiVH niatU, and li> grat e rue Uw ttnnge.
neft. Sftn^r,

C'.- ' .'Vd every ot»e with the fime

rr.'^r /<g hunger and tiiirfi fur <i<//|;/>r-

j:-mt Vi,.. . Ciej/t

DEn'oHTiOMELr. «i/f. [from delight,
/tme.'] Pleaiantly ; in a oelightfal man-
ner.

DeLrcHTSOMCKEti. ». / J from </^-
light/omt.'] Pleafantnef* ; delightfuineft.

To DELI'NEATE. t/. «. [ddmeo, Latin.]

1. To make the firft draught of a thing ;
to delign ; to flcetch.

2. To paint; to reprefcnt a true likencla
in a picture.

The li- -(!•■! piftoria i» v«ry Utgti a^itb the
£iinr miy Atluuaii 'dd Nellor like

Adoi. 'iih Hclen'i face, and Time

with Admijti. . licad. Brvuin,

3. To defcribe ; to iet forth in a lively
manner. '

It followelh, tn ■ '
firft pUnted hi> d'..,,

I have not iierc tim't

r'ei of Cod't heavenly ;,

could ( tell yott, if I had, '*;.a: the \...y^,\tt.i •/(

that plaec and portion it. Ifaie.

DtLiKEA'TiOK. »./ [deliaeattc, Lido.]
The firft draught of a thing.

Jn the orthograjhicjl fth';m-i, th»re (houl'ibc
t true d*tiiietjt';';nf 4;t4 chejufl dirticnfioni.

Deli'k IMEKT. ir.f. [delinimentum, Laf,]

A rr-'— -^-T, or afluaging. Z)///.

DELI CY. «.7 [Jtlinquenlia,

Latin. J A fault; ft failure in duty ; a

roifdecd.
They nevwponim'thegteateft a' ■ " ' '-.

rable di/iifurrcy of the tumoitt, ar.

Can

Thy year; i»ttrrT:ir<; !'ke ^"r a^r if min,
'Ihi fex^uire.

An.

A dtlin^oent oojjh' • ' ,' ..' or

jurifdiOion wlierc the ^ .. j j i, '-ii:\,iu,"-rA
by him. Ajliffu

DELi'»s<iyEi«r. ». /. [from dtliajutnti
Latin.] An offender ; one that hat com-
mittca a crime or fault.

Such an envioui fttte.
That fvnrr v/ill jrctifr !h' m'fi'flrjte
Th»- '»«

TJ.' .. W.»,

>iii i'iirt»:"i u'li uy wjr, 'n *r,v Mjicr aifAihrti
but byjuftkc and fcnUncc* tK dthnqutntt ami crU

Ht \t%'\f wj-or, , b^en ftnt f'jr

r* DE' LIQUATE. 1/. ». [deliquto, Lat.J
To melt i to be diflblvea.

It

><*7

D,E L

It will be refolved into i l!(|Uor very loalogoui
to that which the chymids make of I'jlt of tartar,
kit in moift cellars to dtliqaittc. B'jyU.

Such an ebullition ai we fee made by the m\t-
turc of fnme ch' -tiical liquori, as oil of vitriol and
dtlijualtd fait of tartar. Cuilincrlh.

Delk^ua'tion. «./. [dcliqiiatia, Latin.]
A melting; a didblving.

DELI'^IUM. >:./. [Latin. A chymical
term.] A diliillation by difTolving any
calcined matter, by haneing it up in
mojil cellars, into a lixivious hutuour.

Dia.

Deli'rament. n.f. [iltliramentum; ha-
tin.] A doting or tbolifh fancy. Di3.

To DELI'RAIE. -v. «. {del,ri,, Latin.]
To dote ; to rave ; to tallc or a£^ idly.

Dia.

Deli ra't ION. n. f. \deliratto, Latin.]
Dotage ; folly ; madnefs. Dill.

Deli'rious. aiij, \dtlirius, Lat.] Light-
headed ; raving ; doting.

Thepeu^'ic about him faid he had been forforoc
hours tUlir'utui ( but when I faw hint lie bad hit
underllanding ai well ai ever I knew. Sv/ifi.

On bed
DrUrrui flung, deep frcm his pillow flici. Ttim/'ii.

DELI'RIUM. ;»./. [Latin.] Alienation
of mind ; dotage.

Too great alacriry and promptncfi in anrwcrlng,
efpcciallyin perfons na'urallyof another temper,
ii a fign of an approaching Jtliriym j and in a
fcvcriA Jrhrium there ii a Imall iDllammation of
the brain. ^r6bfhncl co l>i..T,

D£f. itioa'tion. It./, [from delili^o.Lz-
tin.] Arriving; achiding; acoatciij-
ing. Dia.

7o DELI'VER. V. a. [dilivrer, French.]

I . To fet free ; to rcleafe.

Thui (iiZ the capTJve did dcl'n/n- \
The captive thut pjve up his ({uitcr. Piiir.

t. To favc ; to refcye.

Dtln'ir ait, t) my Cod, out of the hand of the
wicked, out of the band of the uniighiecui and
cniel nun. P/ti/m liii. 4.

1 r the witch oi

B'l dfx'erlty of

wit, lu i ;■'- 1:^ i.:t .■■.u/i. I'l .III old wiman,

JtlnimJ mt. Sbaki]i ju.

3. To furrender ; to put into one's hands ;
to refign ; to give up ; to yield.

In any cafe thou Ihill </f/h'«r him the pledge
■gain wlirn die fun goeih down. I>iiir. iiiv, la.

And David faid la kim, canll thou bring me
down to (hit company ? And be faid, fwear unto
me by CoJ, that thou wilt neitber bill mo, nur

Jel'n r • ; ' ■ - mafti-r, and I

will i ,, I.. Sam.

I ' , , imrnts, »h' re.

fore thou halt tleitvertd U9 rof a fpoil, and unto

captivity. Ttb. lii. 4.

4. To give ; to offer; to prefcnt.

Now iheiefore r't-r.e nr* more money of your
a>:<)uainuote, but ddinnrtt. (or the breachri of the
•wyfe- 1. Kin^t.

Thou (halt dttrvtr (Viaraoii'ir-ip info h'.i liund,
after tlw foimel' m.i'irtr, ■ti\.'-'., •(.(,,) /. ul ;,,,
b«tl". <: 1:. t\. ,].

It WIS no w'.r • f,ith .1

eiiTiccouU be coi ,r fich

a petition, Wiuld in-,: i, i-i,;.i'! aj luwi an an-
fwer. Pryd,n.

5 To caft away s to throw oft'.

Charm'd with tlut virtuous Draught, U>'«»-
aUed mind -
All f'-nf (A vor dfl'ittirrvi *.hr'»\r\^. T'tt.

6. To dilburdcii a woman of a child.

On • ilf.Jt«,

She U fometh. !' ,ne d<livirul.

ihalitfi./ari.

D EL

Tully »ai long ere he could be di/kerfd of a
fciv verfes, and thufe poor one: ton. Pcaclam.

7. To fpeak ; to tcll ; to relate ; to utter ;
to pi'onounce.

A mirth-moving jeft.
Which hi;> fair tongue, conceit's expoCtor,
Di^ii'trt in fuch apt and gracious woida,
That aged eirs play truant at his talc*. Sliakt/f.

Tell me your highiiefi" plraf irc,
What from your grace I (hall </f/;wr to him . Shak.
I knew a cler|!yman who appeared to dilivtr his
fermon uithout looking into his notes. Stei/i.

8. To exert in motion. Not in ufe.

Hrocles fiemed fo to ovciriin his age in ftrcngth,
tlvat Mufidorui could not perforin any afllon on
horfe or foot more ftrongly, or delivir that ftrength
more nimbly. Sidnry.

To Deli'ver o'ver. -v. a,

1. To put into another's hands; to leave
to the difcretion of another.

Dtlrvfr me not wcr u.-ito the will of mine ene-
mies i for fallis witneffcj are rifen up againlV me,
and fuch as breathe out cruelty. Pj.ilm xivii. 1 1.

The conflables luve dtl'mcrtd h.'r ot/.-»- to mc.
and (he (ball luve whipping enough, 1 waiT.mc
her. ^ ULitrjitarf.

2. To give from hand to hand; to tranf-
mit.

If a true account may be expelled by future
ages from the prefent, your iDrdiliip wi.i be dtl'evtr-
td vtrtr to pofterity in a fairer chara^er tiian 1 have
given. Dfydm.

To Deli'ver up. V, a. To furrender; to
give up.

He that fpared not Ills own fon, hut dflivtrttl
him ufi for ui all, hnw (hall he iioi, with him alio,
ficely liiic ui .ill tliinf,! .> R,m. viii. 32.

An: theciti'3, that I got with wounds,
Veli-utr'd up again with peaceful words ? Stah/p,

Happy having luch a (on.
That would di/ivir up hit greatnefs fo
Into the lund of juOjcc. Sbairffrari.

Dei.i'vi; R ANCE. It./, [deli-vrance, F'r.l
I. The aft of freeing from captivity,
flavery, or any opprelTion ; rffcue.

He I . !!• to hc«l the .broken-hearted,

to pr^- f to the ca.tiiei, »ni\ rcco\cr-

ing ot 1:,... . , ...- blind, tofct at liberty (hofc thai
arc bound. Luke, iv. iS.

O Gud, command dJivgranctt fur Jacob*

r/alm xliv. 4.

Wbate'er befalii, your life (hall be my care |
One death or one dcliv'ranci we will (liare. I), yd.

z. The aft of delivering a thing to an-
other : now commonly called deifvtry.

3. The aft of bringing children.

Ne'er m ther
Rrjoic'd dil'ivtrami more. Shjktfftarr.

People have a fuocrllitious belief, that in the
labuur of women it liclpeth to the cafy Jt/'n/trnnte.

Bafon

4. The aft of fpeak ing ; utterance ; pro-
nunciiitioii ; now commonly ilelivery.

\i fciioully I may convey mv ilinughtf
In this my light dtlwrtanti, I have fpoke
With one that in her fcx, her years prufenion,
Wiluom and ccndancy, hath am la'd me more
Th^n 1 dare blame my wraknefs.

S/jilkiJpfil'r'l Air I V)rll tbai tndi ivtil.
DlLl'vEltBR. «./. [from deliver.]
I . A faver j a refcuer ; a preferver ; a re-
leafer.

It dnth notably frt forth the coitfent of all na
•ior- fid !>■•,';, In 'he ipprobacion of tlK cxtlrpji-
I 'it^, monllers, and foreign
.vful, bur aa merit^iriuu<.
r . :. .,; -....,. uni.-r,, , and tliii, aJthough tbc dr-
l,.-iitr i.txn'i (>om tjie one end of the world unto
t!.v other, ISaun.

By that feed
V meant thy great Uiitvtnr, who (ball bruife
The ferpent'i bead. Milnn.

DEL

Andrew Doria hat a Satoe ereAed tt> him at the

entrance of the doge's palace, with the glorT^us
title oS dilivirtr of the commonwealth. jiJdifiiit.

Him thci r </f/iT'«-.-i- Europe docs cnnfcfs ;
All tongues e.xtol him, all religions blcfi. HjJifex.
1. A relater ; one that comntunicates
fomething by fpeech or writing.

Divers ehymical experiments, delivered by fober
authors, have been believed falfe, only becaufe the
mcnilroums were not ar, highly reflifiej, or cx-
quifitely d> puiated, as thofc that were ufed by the
dtlwercii of thofc experiments. Beyle.

Dei. I'vERr. ».-. /. [from the verb.]

1 . The aft of delivering.

2. Releafe ; refcue ; faving.

He I'wore, with fobs.
That he would labour my ddiveiy. Stui'fpfftf.

3. A furrender; aft of giving up.

After the ddi-viiyoi your royal father'! perfon
• into the hands of the army, I undertaking to the
queen mother, that I would find foiuc mcius to
gctacccls to him, fire was pleafed to fend me. Dsnh,
Nor did he in any dep,ree contribute to the dr-
Iti'cry of hlfi houfe, wliich was at fiift imagined,
becaufe it was fu ill, or not at all, d>:feiuled.

ClurfndoH,

4. Utter.tncc ; pronunciation ; fpeech.

We allege what the fcriptures themfulvei do
iifually fpeak, for the faving forte of the word of
Oed ; not with reftraintio any certain kind o( d.--
liviry, but howfoevcr the fame fliall chance to be
male known, Ihokrr.

i wii charmed with the gracefulnefi of hit .
figure and dcUviry, ai well is with his difcnurfcs.

MS fin.

5. Ufe of the limbs ; aftivity.

MuliJcrus could not perform any aftion 'on
horfe or font more Urongly, or deliver tjiat ftreoKtliJ
more nimbly, or become the dilivciy inusugrace'-
fully, or employ alt more virtuoudy. ' Sidnry,

I'he ear] was the taller, and much the ftronger ;
but the dike had the neater limbs, and freer Jf-
livfy. H^tllui.

6. Childbirth.

Like as a woman wi;h child, that drawcth near

the time of her Jilivcry, is in pain, and crieth out*

IJ.iial', xxvi. 7*

Dell. »./, [from dal, Dutch.] A pit; a
hole in the ground ; any cavity in the
earth, wider than a ditch and narrower
than a valley. Obfolcte.

The while, the fame unhappy ewe,
Whole clouted leg her hurt doth (hew,
Fell lirjdiong into a dell. Spenftr,

I know e.K'h lane, and every alley green,
Dingle, or bufhy dtll, of this wild wood. MilHii,

But, foes to fun-(hine, moll they took delight
In dtUi and dalei, conceal'd from human light*

77r*r//.
DiM.ni. //. / [from Delfi, the name of
the capital of Dclftland.] A line fort of
earthen ware.

A fuppcr worthy of herfrirj
Five noifiingvin five plates il d.lph, .%vij't,

Dk'ltoidb. adj. [from dilia, the foui.'h
letter of the Greek alniiabct ; fo called
by reafon of its rcfeinbliiii; thi:i letter. ]
An cpitlict applied to it triangular mul-
cle arifiiig from the clavicula, and from
the procel's of the fame, whofeaftion it to
raife tlie arm upward.

Cut Dill more of the di'luid* muftir, ind ciny
the arm backward. UlnirpU .^ui^tt^,

Di'.i.u'n ABLE. adj. [from ddiidf.] Liabli-
to be deceived ; that ii cifiiy iinpofcd
on : rather delndihli'.

Not well uiidetitindiiig offlnifdeiictt.hf it na|
fu ready to drcejvc liiini.Mf, as ( j f^lfify untO'bini
whofccogitatiun in no ways diludnbh,

Brmun'i f'u/ejr Sntii'i.
3 K i • ' -/o

DEL

To DELUDE. I', a. {dthie, Lat.]

1 . To beguile ; to cheat ; to deceive ; to
impole on.

O, give me leave, I have ithitd you ;
TwM neither Charles, nor yet the duke.

Sbiikeffiare's Hmry VI.
Let not the Trojans, with a I'eign'd pretence
. Of protRr'd pcjte, delude the Lacian prince. Dryd.

2. To dil'appoint ; to f'ruftrate.
Delu'der. ». /. [(torn delude. '\ A bc-

guiler ; a deceiver ; an impoflor ; a
cheat ; a falfc pretender.

Say, flatterer, fiy, all fair defudcr fpcik;
Anfwer me this, ere yec my heart docs brtak.

CranvUU.
And thu« the hta dauda-i tune their fong.

I'tft.

Tt DELVE, f . n. [belpan. Sax. delwn,
Dutch ; perhaps from J«^^l»|, a hog.
'Jr.vius.

\. To dig; to open the ground with a
ipade.

Itihallgabardi
But I wiltVf/vf one yard below the mines,
An-J blow them »t the moon. Shfit/parc.

Pelve of convenient depth your thrafhing lioofi
With tcmptr'd clay then fill and face it o'er.

Drjdin.
The S!thy fwine with dil'Ar.g fno«t
The rontci foreft undermine. PhiUpi.

2. To fathom ; to fift ; to found one's
opinion. Figuratively.

What's his name and birth ?
—I cannot dtU't him to the root : his father
Was call'd 9iciliu>. Shakeffcure.

Dflvb. n.f. [from the verb.] A ditch ;
a pit ; a pitfal ; a den ; a c4ve.

He by and by
His feeble feet direflcd to the cry J
Which to th.it Ihady dilve him brought at lalt.
Where Mammon erf. did fun his treafury, Sfeiiftr.
Such a light and mettled dance
Sa«r you never yet in France;
And by leadmen, for the nonce,
TVjjit turn round like grinJIe-ftimes,
Which they dig out fro' the dtlva.
For their bairns bread, wives, and felves.

Ben yi^fon.

Delve of Coals. A certain quantity of
coals dug in the mine or pit. DiS.

Ds'lver. n.f. [from delve.] A digger ;
one that opens the ground with a Ipade.

15e'LUGE. «. /. [deluge, Fr. from dilu-
<vium, Lat.]

1. A general inundation ; Isying entirely
under water.

The apoillc ck>th plairtly intimate, that the old
world was fubjc£l to pcr-.fh by a delude, as this is
fubjeft to peri/h by conflagration. Surtut'ilhcoij.

2. An overflowing of the natural bounds of
a fiver.

Bot if with bays and dams they drive to force
Hi' channel to a new or narrow courfe,
No longer then within his hinlcs he dwells,
Firft to a torrent, then a rf7»;e, fwells Derbam.

^. Any fudden and refiillefs calamity.
Tt De'luce. t. a. [(rem the noon.]
I. To drown ; to lay totally under water.

The rertlels flood the land wioM overflow,
B> which lit dtUgd earth wo<ilu ulclefs j^row.

Utaskaore.
Still the battering waves rufli in
Jmp'acable, till litlugd^jy the foani, ,
The /hip finks, found'ring in the ♦«(! jbyft.

Z, To overwhelm; to eaufe » fitlV-*hder
the weight of any calamity.

At length corrupt'ioii, like a gU\tri\ ftocd,
ShaU.^f/»irall. iV/r.

DEM

Detu'sJON. «./ [dclitfio, Lat.]

I. The ail of deluding ; a cheat ; guile;

deceit; treachery; fraud; coUolion;

falfehood.
J. The liate of one deluded.
J. A falfe reprefentation ; illufion; er-

rour ; a chimerical thought.
Who therefore fecks in thefe

True wifdom, finds her not, or by delujicn. Milion.
I, waking, view'd with grief the rifing fun,

And fondly mournM the dear ddufiin gone. Prtor.

Delu'siVe. w^". [from at/a/K/jiLat.] Apt
to deceive ; beguiling ; impofing on.

When, fir'd with p.illijn, we attack the fair,
Deliifrvr figlis and brittle vows we bear. Prior,

The happy whjmfisy you purfue.

Till you at length believe it true j

Caught by ycur own dclujive art.

You fancy iirft, and then affert. Prior.

While the bafe and groveling multitude were
liftening to the dclufivt deities, thofc o( a more
ereft afpeft and exalted fpirit feparated themfelvcs
from the reft. Ta//rr, N" 8i.

I'hsenomena fo delafivc, that it is very hard to
efcape impofition and miflake. ffcsdioard.

Delu'so'rv. adj. [from delu/us, Latin.]
Apt to deceive.

This confidence is fnnnded on no better founda-
tion than a delu/sry prejudice. GhnviHe.
De'maGOGUE, ». /. [Jii^ayay©-.] A

ringleader of the rabble ; a popular and
factious orator.

Who were the chief demagogues and patrons of
tunuUts, to fend for them, to flatter and embolden
them. Kiitg Cbarla.

A plaujiblc, infigniflcant word, in the mouth ol
an expert demagogue, is a dangerous and dreaclful
weapon. Sleuth.

Demofthenes and Cicero, though each of them
a leader, or, as the Greeks called it, a demagogue,
in a popular iUte, yet fetm to diftcr in their
pradice. S-wijt.

Dem.^'in. 1

Deme'an. ^t./. [domaine, French.]

Deme'sne. 3

1. That land which a man holds origi-
nally of himfelf, called dominium by the
civilians, r'ud oppofed to feodum, or fee,
which fignifies thofe that are held of a
fuperior lord. It is foinetiraes ufed alfo
for a dillinflion between thofe lands that
the lord of the manor has in his ov.'n
handi, or in the hands of his IciTce,
demifed or let upon a rent for a term of
years or life, and fuch other lands ap-
pertaining to the faid manor as belong
to free or copyholders. Phillips.

2. Eftate in land.
Having now provided

A gentleman uf noble parentage,
Of fair <^ti«/nci, )<(>uthful, and nobly allied. Sink.
That earldom indeed had a royal jurifdiflion
and leigniory, though the landr of that county in
devirhe were polieircd for the moft part by the an-
cient in'if.ritors. Dj^t-ies.

3. Land adjoining to the manlion, kept
in the lord's own hand.

Thofe ads for planting foreft trees have hitbcr-

. to. been wli:illy inclTcdlual, except about the de-

me/ncs of a few gentlemen j and even there, in

general, very unskilfully made, ySwi//.

To DEMA'ND. V. «. [demander, Fr.]
r. To claim r to alk for with authority.

Thi; pound of ftefh, which I demard of hni.
Is Nearly bought ; 'tis mine, and I will have it.

■ Sbake/jfvgre.

z. To qucftioti; to interrogate.

And whca Uriah was come unto hiiD> David
+

DEM

demanded of him how Joab did, tod how the peopi*
did, and liow the war prnfpered .' z Sam. xi. •)•

If any friend of Caelar's Jimatid why Brutui
rofe againft Czfar, this is my anfwer: Not th»
I loved Cxfar lefs, but that I loved Rome mote.

Shaiejfcarct
Young one.
Inform vt of thy fortunes ; for, it feems.
They crave to be demanded. Shakej^eeire.

The oracle of Apollo being demanded, w'^icn the
war and mifery of Greece fliould have an end,
replied, When they would double the alur in De-
los, which was of a cubick form.

Peacham en Geometry^

3. [la law.] To profecute in a real aiflion.
Dema'nd. n.f. [</««c»i/i', French.]

1 . A claim ; a challenging ; the aflcing
of any thing with authority.

This matter is by the decree of the watchers,
and the dammd by the word of the holy ones.

Dan. iv. 77.
i Giving vent, gives life and ftrength, to our ap-
petites ; and he that has the confideiyc to turn
his wlflies into demands, will he hut a Irttle way
from thinking he ought to ob-ain them. Locke.

2. A queftion ; an interrogation.

3. The calling for a thing in order to
purchafe it.

My bookleller tells me, the i^en<»r</ for thofe my

pa;e.s increafes daily. ^ Addifon..

4. [Inlaw.] The afking of what is due.
It hath alfo a proper fignification diHin-
guiflicd from plaint ; for all civil ac-
tions are purfued either by demands or
plaints, and the purfuer is called de-
mandant or plaintiff. There are two
manners of demands, the ope of deed,
the other in law : in deed, as in every
f receipt, there is exprefs demand; ia
law, as every entry in land-diftrefs for
rent, taking or feifing of goods, and
fuch like afts, which may be done with-
out any words, are demands in law.

Blount.
Dema'ndable. adj. [from demand.]
That may be demanded ; requefted ;
aflced for.

All fums c',niandeitle, for licence of alienation

to be made of lands holden in chief, have been

rtayed in the way to the hanaper. Baton.

Dema'kdant. n.f. [from demand.]

1. He who is a<Elor or plaintiff in a real

adlion, becaufe he demandeth lands.

Coke,
z. A plaintiff; one that demands redrefs.

One of the witncffcs depofcd, that dining on a
Sunday with the demandant, whofe wife had liit
below the fijuirc's lady at church, (he tlie faid wife
dropped fome exprelfions, as if flie thought her
hulband ought to be knighted. Hf.ftaior.

D E M a'n D E R . n. f [demtindeur, Fr. ]

1. One that requires a thing with autho-.
rity.

2. One thataflcs a quellion.

3. One that afks for a thing in order to
purchafe it.

They grow very fart and fat, which alfo bettereth
their tafte, and delivereth them to the demeindert
ready ufc at all fcafons. " Carenii.

+. A dunner ; one that demands a debt. .

Deme'an. n.f. [(rem demener, Fr.] A
mien ; prefencc ; carriage ; demean-
our ; deportment.

At his feet, with forrowful demian.
Aid deadly hue, an armed corfe did lie. Sfienfer,
To DEME'AN. v. a. [from demener, Fr.]
I, To behave ; to carry one's felf.

Thofe

DEM

TWe plain and legible lines o^duty requiring
us to Jenean ourfelves to God humbly and devout-
ly, to our governors obediently, aad to our neigh-
bours jultiy, and to ourfelves foberly and tempe-
»«*1)' Siult.

A man cannot douht but that there is a God ;

and that, according as he liiaeatis himfelf towards

him, he will make him happy or lail'erable /or

e'er. Tilbtjm.

Strephon had long perplex'd his brains,

How with (o high a nymuh he might

Demean himfelf the wedding-night. Stulft,

2. To leffen ; to debafe ; to undervalue.

Now, out nt' doubt, Antipholis is ir.ad j
Elfe he would never h aemean himfelt. Shaktff.

Deme'anouh. n./. [Jemincr, Fr.] Car-
riage ; behaviour.

^ Oi' fo infupportjole a pride he was, that where

hij deeds might well ftir envy, his dtmeae^ur did

rather breed difdain. SiJn/y.

Angels beft like us, when we are mod like nnto

them in all parts of decent demaiKur. Hookir.

His geftures fierce
He tnark'd, and mad drireantur, then alone.
As he fuppos'd, all unobferv'd, unfecn. Millan.

Thns Eve, Witli fad d<iHeannr meek,

HI worthy I. Milton.

He was of a courage not to be daunted, which

was manifefted in all liis aftions, cfpecially in his

whole dzmtan'Mr atRhee, both at the landing, and

upon the retreat. Cijrtndcn.

DiMz'Mii. n. /. pi. properly </«w^«.

An eftate in lands ; that which a man

poflefles in his own right.

To DEME'NTATE. -v. n. [Jemtnto. Lat.]

To make mad.
Dememta'tiom. n./. [ Jemeiitat h, Lzt.]

Making mad, or frantick.
Deme'rit. a./, yemerite, Fr. from dV-
meritui, of Jimereor, Latin.]

1. The oppofite to merit; ill deferving ;
what makes one worthy of blame or pu-
nilhment.

They (hould not be able once to ftir. or to mur-
mur, but It flinuld be known, ar.d they fliortened
according to their Jmi,„,. Spinf.-r on Irdagd.

Thon liy'ft by me, to me thy breath refign ;
Mine is the merit, the drmirii thine. Dryden.

Whatever they acquire by their induftry or in-

pnuity, fliould be fecure, unlefs forfeited by any

JtmeritoT offence againft the cuilom of the family.

. Trmple,

2. Anciently the fame With merit ; defert.

I fetch my life and being
From men of royal fiege j and my demtrits
May fpeak, unbonnettin<, to as proud a fortune
As this that 1 have reach'd. Shakefpiare'i Orhtlh.

fo Deme'rit. -u. rt. [d,mtnter,YT.} To

deferve Wame or punifhment.
Deme'rsed. aJj^ [from detmrfus, of Je-

D E M

Demi-cannon Ordinary. A great gun
fix inches four eighths diameter in the
bore, twelve foot long. It carries a
niot fix inches one fixth diamster, and
thirty-two pounds weight.

DfiMi-CANNOtf of the grcateji Size. A
gun fix inches and fix eighth parts dia-
meter in the bore, twelve foot long. It
carries a ball of fix inches five eighths
diameter, and thirty-fix pounds weight.

Dia.

What ! this a fleeve ? 'tis like a dtmi

nurgo, Latin.] Plunged ; drowned. Dia.

n.f. [demtrfio, Latin.]

Deme'rsion.

1. A drowning.

2. [In chymiftry.] The putting any me-
dicine in a Jiffolving liquor. Dia.

D E M e's N E. See D E M A I N .

DE'Ml. infeparahle particle. [Jemi, Fr.
dimidium, Lzt.] Half; one of two equal
parts. This word is only ufed in com-
pofition, a.i d.-migod; that is, half hu-
man, half divine.

Demi-caknon. n./. [dcmi :ir\A cannon. 1

Demi-cannon Lc-wejl. A great gun that
carries a ball of thirty pounds weight
and fix inches diameter. The diameter
of the bore is fix inches t.vo eighth parts.

Dia.

i-cannnn.

Shahijpcare.

Ten engines, that /hall be of equal force cither

to a cannon or demi-mnnoriy culverin or d^mi-cul-

verin, may be framed at the fame price that one of

thefe will amount to. tCHkim.

Demi-culverin. n.f. [demi a.nd athe-
rin, ]

Demi-culverin of the /owe/! Size. A
gun four inches two eighths diameter in
the bore, and ten foot long. It carries
a ball four inches diameter, and nine
pounds weight. Dia.

DEKii-cvLVBRin Ordinary. A gun four
inches four eighths diameter in the bore,
ten foot long. It carries a ball four inches
two eighths diameter, and tt.i pounds
eleven ounces weight.

Demi-culverin, e/der Sort, A gun four
inches and fix eighths diameter in the
bore, ten foot one third in length. It
carries a ball four inches four eighth
parts diameter, and twelve pounds ele-
ven ounces weight. Military Diaionary.
They continue a perpetual volley of dimi-cul-
■verins. Rt/clfli.

The army left two dim't-cul-vtr'wt, and two other
good guns. > Clarindcn.

Demi-devil. »./. [dem! ani .-levil.'] Par-
taking of infernal nature ; half a devil.

Will you, 1 pray, demand that deml-dniil.
Why he hath thus enfnar'd ray fi>ul and body ?

Shakrfpcare's Olbello.

Demi-cod. n.f. [demi anA gnd.'^ Par-
taking of divine nature ; half a god ;
an hero produced by the cohabitation of
divinities with mortals.

He took his leave of them, wh'ife eyes bade
him farcwel with tears, making teroptea to him as
to a drmi-gad. Sidny.

Be gods, or angels, d,m!-gadi. Milnn.

Tranfported drmi-gidi (loud round.
And men grew heroes at the found,
Enfl.im'd with glory's charms. Pctr.

Nay, half in heaven, except (what '« mighty
odd)
A fit of vapours clouds this demi-god. Pope.

Demi-lance, n.f. [demi and l/rner.'] A
light lance ; a ftiort fpear ; a ha!f-pike.

On their rteel'd heads then dcmi-Zance! wore
Small pennons, which their ladies colours bore.

Dryden.
Light demi-lances from afar they throw,
Fallen'd with leathern thongs, to gall the foe.

Dryden.
Demi-man. a./ [demi and »wn.] Half
a man : a term of reproach.
We mn\ adventure this battle, le
the complaints of this barking dtmi-ir.in. Kr.atii
Demi-wolf. n.f. [demi &nA ivolf.'] Half
a wolf; a mongrel dog between a dog
and wolf: lyci/ca.

spaniels, curs,
Showght, water-rugs, and rf<wi rvlvft, are'rlcpec'
AU fcy the name of d»g«. i,i,aie/'pttirt't Macbeth.

DEM

Demi'se. n.f, [from demetrt, dempti, de-
mifc, Fr.] Death; deceafe. It is feldom
ufed but in formal and ceremonious lan-
guage.

About a month before the d^-mife of queen Anfie,
th? a;ltlior retired. Stcifr.

To DEMI'SE. -y. <7. [deMii, demi/s, Fr.]
To grant at one's death > to grant bv
will ; to bequeath.

My executors Ihall not have power to demife my
lands to be purchafed. Sii'ift's Lafl fFiU.

hmifT

i battle, lert v/e perifh hy

Demi'ssion. n.f. [demij/io, Latin.] De^
gradation ; diminution of dignity ; de-
preflion.

Inexorable rigour is worfe than a lafche dimijji^n
of fovcrcign authority. UEfiran-j^:.

To DEMI'T. 'V. a. [demitto, Latin.] To.
deprefs ; to hang dowa ; to let fall .

Dia.

When they are in their pride, that is, advar,.- -
ing their train, if they decline their neck to tUe-
ground, they prefently doKlt and let fall the fame.
Ersivr's t^'ulgar E:-raart.
DEMO'CRACY. n.f [V»He«ria.] One
of the three forms of government ; that
in which the fovereigu power is neither
lodged in one man, nor in the nobles,
but in the colleftive body of the people.-
_ While many of the f.nvanti, by induiirj and
virtue, arrive at riches and eftcem, then the na-
ture of the government inclines to a denijcraey.

Temple.
The majority, having the whole power of the
community, may employ all that power in mak-
ing laws, and executing thofe la«s ; and there the
form ot the government is a perfedl democracy.

Locke.
Democra'tical. adj. [from democracy.'^
Pertaining to a popular government ;
popular.

'i hey are dill wiihin the lino of vulgarity, and
are dcmoiratical enemies to truth.

Sroton's Vulgar Erroun.
As the government of England has a mixture of
democraticat in it, fo the right is partly in tha
peoplff. Arhulhiiot,

To DEMO'LISH. -v. a. [demolir, Fr. dc
moliar, Lat.] To throw down buildings ;»
to razv ; to deftroy.

I expciiled the fjbiick of my book woyld long
iince have been dci>.ilij%'idf and laid even wich the
gf"'"'. ^ Tilhlfgn,

Urd llghtnlns play'd along the firmament,
And their rf«.vi)/^/''rf works to pieces pnt. DryJet. ■
Demo'lisher. n.f. [from demolijh.] One
that throws down buildings; a dcHroy-
er ; a layer wallc.
Demom'tiOiV. K.J. [from demoli/ik.] The
afl of overthrowing or deraoliOiing
buildings ; dcllruclion.

Two gentlemen (hould have thedireftion in the

demolition of I^unkirk. Snvifr.

DE'MON. n. f [de/rmon, Latin ; Jal^a,,.]

A fpiritj generally au evil Ipirit ; a

devil.

I felt him ftrike, a;id now I fee h'm fly i
Curs'd dimon ! O for e\: r bti.ken lie
'I h lit fatal fljafts, by which I inward bleed! Prhr, .
DeMONi'aCAL. 7 ]■ rr , i

Demo'niack. r"^'- [from -/.».;,.]

1. Belonging to the devil ; devililh.
lie, all iinarm'd,

Shnll chafe the^ with t!ic tenor of his voice
Fioin tliy ditn'jnijrk holds, pnlT^'flion fnul, /I^f'rsir.

2. Influenced ]iv ihe devil; produced by
dial>olical pulfenion.

Donottic^k phtenfy, moping melancholy. Miiton.

Dimo'niack,

DEM

D EM

DE U

Dfmc'niack. h. /. [from the adjeflive.]
One pofTcfled by the devil ; otic whofc
mind is diilurbed and agitated by the
power of wicked and unclean fpirits.

Tliofc lunatkks and demtmiacis that were re-
ftored to tlieir rifht n'.ind, were fuch as fought
attci hinii and believed in him. Bmllry.

DeMo'NiAN. oi/J. [from i/fK Oil.] De-
viiiih J of the nature of devils.

Demittian fpirits now, from the clcm'^nt
Iich of his icign allotted, righllier cjll'd
l?Dwerj of fire, air, water. Miltm.

DKMONO'cRACr.n.y; [ix'ij/M:» and K^ar/a. ]

The power cf the devil. Diel.

Demono'latrv. n. /. [ Jaif/v» and ^a-
Tfsia.] The worfhip of the devil. jD/VfP.

Dkmono'locy. tt.f. [JaUii and Xoy^-.]
Difcourfe of the nature of devils. Thus
king James inticled his book concern,
ing witches.

Dhmo'nstrable. adj. [dcmonJlrnHlii,
Lat.] That which may be proved be-
yond duubt or contradidion ; that which
may be made not only probable but evi-
dent.

The grand articles of our belief are as ilem'n-
flrable as geometry. GlanvilU.

Demo'nstr.\blv. adv. [from demonflra-
He.'] In fuch a manner as admits of
certain proof; evidently; beyond pof-
libility of contradiftion.

He fliould have compelled his minlftcrs to cx-
excute the law, in catca that rftmon/Jrai/y concerned
the public Ic peace. C/<i/iWcn.

To DEMO'NSTRATR. -v. a. [dmonjfro,
Lat.] To prove with the highell degree
of certainty ; to prove in fuch a manner
as reduces the contrary poiiiicn to evi-
dent abfurdity.

\Vc cinnol Jem^rjirate thcfe things fo, as to
(litw that the contrary often iuvolves a contradic-
tion. Tilhlfin.
Demonstra'tion. n. /. [ ditnonftratio,
Lat.]

1 . The highefl degree of deducible or ar-
gumental Evidence ; the ftrongell de-
gree of proof; fuch proof as not only
evinces the pofition proved to be true,
but fhews the contrary pofition to be
abfurd and impoflible.

Whit appeareth to be true by ftrong and invin-
cible <icm'^nj\iat\t,ni fuch as wherein ic is not by
any way pci(];b!e to \>i deceived, thereunto the mind
doth nccelTarily yield. HnUr.

Where the agreement or difigrecment of any
thing is pliinly and clearly perceived, it is called
Mmonflmt'wn. Luke.

2. Indubitable evidence of the fenfes or
reafon.

Which way foever we turn ourfelves, we arc
encountered with clear evidences and fcnfible dt-
m:nJ}rMi:nt of a Deity. Ti'Urfin.

Demo'nstrativh. ad/, [demonflralivus,
Latin.]

1. Having the powt^r of demonflration ;
invincibly conclnfive ; certain.

An argument necellary a. id .itm^Jlrathjit is
f'lih at, bein^; p'opolcd un:i any man, and undrr-
fluod, the n.ri,-r cannot choufc but inwardly yield.

2. Having the power of exprclling clearly
and ceruinly.

Painting is neceiTary to all other arts, becnufe of
tlie need which they have of d'',:t,nlirath'f figures,
u'hich often give n; >.'C light to the undcrilanding
than tlie dcarcft difcuurfci. Prjdta.

Demo'nstratively. adv. [from de-
mcnjfrali've.'l

1. With evidence not to be oppofed or
doubted.

No man, in matters of this life, requires an

aflurancc cither of the good which he dcligns, nr

of the evil which he avoids, from arguments dc-

motjlrafively certain. Hsutb.

Firft, I dmtmjiralivtly prove,

That feet were only maiie to move. Prior.

2. Clearly ; plainly ; with certain know-
ledge.

Dtir.orftratlvtty underitanding the fimplicity of
perieftion, it was not in the po\»er of earth to
work them from it. Brnvit.

Demonstra'tor. ». /. [from demon-
ftrate. ] One that proves ; one that
teaches ; one that demonilratcs.
Demonstr a'tory. adj. [from demon-
firate.'\ Having the tendency to dcmon-
flrate.
Demo'lcent. adj. \demuJceris, Latin.]
Softening ; mollifying ; affuafive.

Pcafe, being deprived of any aromatick parts,

are mild and dcmuktnt in tl.e higtieil degree; but,

being full of aerial particles, are flatulent, when

dilVolved by digsiiion. . Athuthn^j.

To DEMU'R. 'u. n. [demrursr, French ;

dimorarc, Italian ; demorari, Latin.]
I. To delay a proccfs in law by doubts
and objeftions. See Demurrek.
To thi* pica the plaintilJV^mwrfW.

IVahzini Angler.

t. To paufe in uncertainty ; to fufpend
determination ; to hefitate ; to delay the
conclufion of an aifair.

Upon this nib the Englifii ambalTidogrs thought
fit to </(ff.'i/r, and fo lent into England tt> receive
dircftions from the 1 irds of the council. ILixward.

Running into demands, they expert from us a
fudden refoiution in things wherein the devil of
Uelphos would demur. Bro^vn^s l-^ulgar Errourtt.

He mud be of a very fluggifli or querulous hu-
mour, that fliall denwr upin fecttng out, or dc-
mdud higher cncouragemcnis than toe h"pc of
hv-aven. Decay of Piety.

News of my death from rumour he receiv'd.
And what he wifli'd he eafily believ'd ;
But Ifing demurr^df tho^ from my hand he knew
I liv'd, fo loth he was to think it true. Drydtn.

3. To doubt ; to have fcruples or difficul-
ties ; to deliberate.

There is fomethirg in our compofition that
thinks and apprehends, and refledls and de'ibc-
rates, determines and doubts, confents and denies;
that wills and demtin, and rcfolves, and chufe>,
and rejeiSs. Biitllcy.

To Demu'r. 'V. a. To doubt of.
The latter I demur ; for in their looks
Much reafon, and in their a£kions, o:t appears.

Milton.
Dem'ur. tt.f. [from the verb.] Doubt;
hefitaiion ; ful'penfc of opinion.

O progeny of Hcav'n, empyreal thrones !
With reafon hath deep lilence and demur
Seiz'J us, t!iough unl'frnayM. Mi!r'>Ti.

Ccrta nly the highe'l and dcareft concerns of a
temporal life areinfinitcly lefs valuable than thofe
of an eternal i and cunfequcntly ought, witirout
any dtmur at all, to be facrifitcd t'.> them, when-
foever thry come in competition with tliem. South.

All my demurs but double his attacks ;
At laft he whifper.J, Do, and we go fnacks. Pofe.
DEMU'RE. adj. [desmarurs, French.]
I. Sober ; decent.

Lo ' two moft lovely virgins came in place.
With countenance deniurty and modell grace.

Sfenfir.

Come, penfive nun, devout and pure.
Sober, ftedfalti and dcmm-t. Miiion.

2. Grave; •fFcfledly moded : it is now
generally taken in a fenfe of contempt.

After a demwe travel of regard, 1 tell them I
know my place, as I would they Jhould do theirs.

Sbakefpeare.

There be many wife men, that have fecret
hearts and tianfparent countenances ; yet this
would be done with a demure abafing of your eye ■
fumetimes. Baem.

A cat lay and looked fo demure as if there had
been neither life nor foul in her. L'EJtrtnge.

S? cat, transformed, fat gravely and demure.
Till moufc appeared, and thought himfcif fecure.

Dry dim.

Jove fent and found, far in a country fcene.
Truth, innocence, good-nature, look fcrene ;
From which ingredients, firft, the dext'rons boy
Pick'd the demure, tlie aukward, and the coy.

Swift,

To Demu're. v. n, [from the noun.] To
look with an afFefted modefty : not ufed.

Your wife Odtavia, with her modell eyes,
And nill conclufion, fliall acquire no honour,
Demurir.g upon me. ShaieJ'peare,

Demi;'relv. adv. [hom demurf.']

1. With afFeded modefty ; folemnly ; with
pretended gravity.

Put on a fober habit,
Talk with refpcS, and fwear but now and then,
Wear prayer-books in my pocket, look demurely.

Sbakejpeore.

Efop's damfcl, turned from a cat to a woman,
fat very detr.urdy at the board"; end, till a moufe
ran betoie her. Baton.

Next ftood hypocrlfy with holy leer,
Soft fmiling, .and demurely looking down ;
But hid the Jaeger underneath the gawn. Dryden,

2. In the following line ic is the fame with
folemnly. IVarburton.

Hark, how the drum^</<■Ilc«r<■.Jy wake tiic ilecpcrs!

Sbate'/ieare.
Demu'reness. tt./. [from <T^-»i«r/».]

1. Modefty; fobernefs ; gravity of afpeft.

Her eyes having in them fuch a cbecrfulnefs,
as nature fecmed to fmile in them ; though her
mouth and checks obeyed to that pretty demure-
refs, which the more one marked, the more one
would judge the ))Oor foul apt to believe. Sidnefm

2. AffeSed modeftv ; pretended gravity.
Demu'r RAGE. //. / [from demur.'] An

allowance m.ide by merchants to matters
of {hips, for their ftay in a port beyond
the time appointed.
DEMtj'RRER. It./, [dcmeurer, French;
i. e. manere in aliqtio loco, <vel morari.] A
kind of paufe upon a point of difficulty
in an action : for, in every aflion, the
controverfy confifts either in the fad,
or in the law : if in the fad, that is
tried liy tlie jury ; if in law, then is the
cafe plain to the judge, or fo hard and
rare, as it brccdcth juft doubt. I call
that plain to the judge, wherein he is
alfured of the law ; and in fuch cafe the
judge, with his aflbci.i:«s, proceeds to
judgment without farther work. But
when it is doubtful to him and his affo-
ciates, then is there ftay m:ide, and a
time taken, either for the court to think
farther upon it, and to agree, if they
can ; or elfe for all the juftices to meet
together in the Chequer chamber, and,
upon hearing that which the fcrjeants
can fay of both parts, to advife, and fet
down as law, whatfoever they conclude
firm, without farther remedy. CoiueJ/.

A prohibition was granted, and hereunto there
was a demurrer, Ajli^c't Parergcn.

DEN.

DEN

DEN. »./ [ben, Saxon.]

1. A cavern or hollow running horizon-
tally, Or with a ''mall obliquity, under
ground ; dillinft trom a hole which runs
down perpendicularly.

They here difperfed, fome in the air, fome on
the earth, fome in the waters, fome amongit tlie
irinerah, der:i, and caves und;r the earth. Hoohr,

2. The cave of a wild beaft.

What, (hail they feclc the lion in his den.
And fright him theie ? Stjie/fieare.

The tyranc's Jrn, whofe ufe, though loft to fame.
Was now th' a; artment of tlie royal dame ;
The cavern, only ti her fatlier known.
By him was to his darling daughter fliown. Dryd.

'Tis then the (hapelefs bear his Jca forfakes j
In woods and fields a wild deAru£lion makes.

Dryderi,

3. Den, the termination of a local name,

may fignify either a valley or a woody

place ; for the Saxon ben imports both.

Gih/on's Camden.

Dena'y. n. f. [a word formed between

</wyand»«y.] Denial; refufal.

To her in hade, give her this jeviel : fay.
My love can give no place, bide no dmay. Shai.

Dendro'logy. n.f. [j;,Jjo, and Ao'^®..]

The natural hiftory of trees.
DENi'ABLE.iKj). [from deny J] That which

may be denied ; that to which one may

refufe belief.

The negative authority ii alfo ictiitthk by reafon.
_^ Brawn.

Deni al. n.f. [from deny.']
I . Negation ; the contrary to affirmation.
z. Negation ; the contrary to confeffion.

No man more impudent to deny, where proofs

were not manifell ; no man more ready to confefs,

with a repenting manner of aggravating his own

evil, where den'iai would but make the fault fouler.

■n r /• Sidney.

5. Refufal; the contrary to grant, allow-
ance or conceffion.

Here comes your father; never make denial :
I muft and will havt Carhcrine to my wife. Sliak.

The dititl of land'ng, and hafty warning us
away, troubled U» much. Bacon.

He, a: cv'ry frefli attempt is repcil'd
With faint </rnwA, weaker than before. DriJtn.

4. Abjuration ; contrary to acknowledg-
ment of adherence.

We may deny God in all th«fe aft« that are ca-

• pable of being morally good or evil : tho'.e are the

proper fcenes, in which we aft our confeflions or

dtniah of him. Scu:b.

Dbni'er.w. /. [from i*«y.]

1. A contradidor ; an opponent; one that
holds the negative of a propofition.

By the word Vjrti.o the atSrmcr intends our
whole duty to God and man, and the d^er by the
word Virtue means only courage, or, at rooft,
our duty toward] our neighb<jur, without indud-
ing the idea of the duty which we owe to Cod.

.... Ifait,.

2. A difowner ; one that does not own or
acknowledge.

If it was fo fearful when Chrift looked hj« denier
into repentance, what will it be when he Ihall look
him mto d:(liuaion? S:ult.

3. A refufer ; one that refufes.

It may be 1 am elhemcd by my denier fufficient
of myfelf to difchaige my di.ty to God as a ptieft,
thougii^not to mtn ai a j,rince. King Charlei.
De ^f I e'r n. /. [from denariui, Lat. It is
pronounced as deneer, in two fyllables.]
A fmall- denomination of French mo-
ney ; the twelfth part of a fous.

Yon will not pay for the piaffes you have burft ?
•—No, not a dinier Stakeffeare.

D E'N

ra DE'NIGRATE. ^. a. [dem-p-i, Lat.]
To blacken ; to make black.

By furtcring fome impreflion from fir?, bodies
are cafually or artificially denigrated in their natu-
ral complexion: thus are charcoals made black
hj an infeaion of their own fuifitus.

Brczvns yulgar Errouri.
Hartfliorn, and other white bodies, will be de-
nigrated by heat ; yet camphire would not at all
lole its whitcncfs. Bt\lc.

Demora'tion. n.f. [denigratio, Latin.]
A blackening, or making black.

Thefe arc the advenient and artificial wavs of
denigration, anfwerably whereto mav be the natural
P">&'^1^- Brc^„.

in feveral mftances of d./tigrali n, the metah
are worn off, or ot.her^vifc reduced into very n,i-
nute parts. ^^^^,

Deniza'tion. «./ [from denizen.'} The
aft of infranchifing, or making free.

That the mere Iri/t were reputed jlitns, appears
by the charters of denization, which in all ages
were purchafed by them. Datiti

DEN

DETMI7EN. !«./.[ from dina/ddyn, "
DE'NISON. I man of the cit/; or di-
nefydd, {xtz of the city, Wellh. 1 A
freeman ; one infranchifed.

D'.rtixen is a Britilh law term, which the Saxons
and Angles found here, and retained. Da-via.

Thus th' Almighty Sire began : ye gods,
Natives, or denize) s, of bleft abodes.
From whence thefe murmurs ? Drydtn.

A great many plants will hardiv, with nurfing'
be made to produce their feed out of their native
foil ; but corn, fo neceffary for all people, is fitted
to grow and to feed as a free denijin of the world.

XT r « . . Grenv.

He fumm-ins ftraight hjs demzens of air;
The lucid fquadrons round the fails repair. Poiie.

'^"rrP?'""'^^'*- ""• "• [f™*" the noun.]
To infranchife ; to make free.

Pride, luft, covetize, being feveral
To thefe three places, yet all arc in all ;
Mingled thus, their ilfuc is inceftuous ;
Falfehood is denizen'd, virtue is barbarous. Dinne.
Deno'minable. eidj. [denomino, Latin.]
That may be named or denoted.

An inflammation confifts of a fanguineous
afflux.on, orelfe is denmutalli from other hu
miours, according to the predom'nancy of melan-
choly, phlegm, or choler. Br-.ivn's Vulg. Errors

Ti DENO'MINATE. ^^. «. [dencnino,
^"'"•J ^° "^"'^ ; t° give a name to.

The commendable purpofe of confecraiion beini;
not of cve.y one underftood, they have been con-
ftrued as though they had fuperltitioufly meant
either that thofe places, which were denominated
of angels and faints, (hould li:rve for theworfliin
of fo glorious creatures ; or elfe thofe gloriou.
creituios for defence, proteflion, and' pat.ona.^e
of fuch place!. '^ Hxk^r

Hredeftination is deftrufjivc to all that is efta'b-
l.nied among men, to allth.it is mod precious to
human nature, to the two faculties that denminate
us men, uuderftanding and wiU j for what ufe
can we have of our underllanJings, if we cannot
do what we know to be our duty ? And, if we aft
not voluntarily, what exercife have we of our

y- Hammond.

DENOMt-f A TION. n./ [denominate, La-
tin.] A name given to a thing, which
commonly marks fome principal quality

ofit. r -1 /

But is there any token, deniminatian, or monu-
ment ot the Gauls yet remaining in Ireland, as
'*"" ",?,'."•« Scythians ? Spenfer-i Slate of he!.
I he liking or dirtiking of the people gives the
play the dencmination of good or bad j but do.-s not
really make or conftitiite it fuch. Drf len

I'hilofophy, the gicat idol of the learned pari
of the heathen world, has divided it into many

fefls and dcitcmhaticm ; as Stoicks, PcrlpatetLks;

Epicureans, and the like. .j^^,^;

All men arc finncrs : the moft righteous amon"'

us muft conlefs ourfelves to come under tha' da-.r".

Deno MiNATivE. adj. [from denominate.]

1. That which gives a name; that which
confers a diftinft appellation,

2. That which obtains a diftinft appella-
tion. This would be more analogically
denominaHe.

The leail dir.omireiti've part of time is a minut».

the greateft mteger being a ye^r. O.ckeft Ariilm.

Uenomina'tor. v.f. [from denominau.]

Ths? giver of a name ; the perfon or

thing that caufes an appellation.

B)th the leas of one name Ihoi.ld have one com-
m-)n denzminator. - Breton % Vulgar Errours.
Denominator fa Fraaion, is the num-
ber below the line, Ihewing the nature
and quality tif the parts which any in-
teger is fuppofed to be divided into:
thus in |, 8 the denominator fhews you,
that the integer is fuppofed to be divid-
ed into 8 parts, or half quarters ; and
the numerator 6 fhews, that you take 6
of fuch parts, i, e. three quarters of the

When a Cngle broken number or fraaion hath
for its denoainalor a number confining of an unjt,
in the firft place towards the left hand, and no-
thing but cyphers from the unit towards the right
hand, it is then more aptly and rightly called a de-
cim..l fraaion. Coeker', Arittmetick.

nemmnarcr of any proportion, is the ouotienC
arifing from the divifion of the antecedent by the
conlcquent : thus 6 is the denominator of the pro,
portion that 30 hath to 5, becaufc 5) 30(6. This
)s aifo called the exponent of the "proportion, or
ratio. tr •

, Harm.

Uenotation. n.f. [denotatio, Latin. J'
The ail of denoting.

To DENO'TE, -v. a. [denoto, Latin.] To-
mark ; to be a fign of; to betoken ; to
fliew by fjgns ; as, a quick pulfe denotes
a fever.

To DENOU'NCE. -v. a. [denuncio. La.

tin ; dcnoncer, French.]
I. To threaten by proclamation.

I dcriunce unto you this day, that yc fliall furelv

He- of their wicked ways
Shall them adminifli, dthouncing wrath to come-
On their impcnltt-ncc. Milton.
They impofe their wild conj^aurcs for laws up*
on other:, an'd dciicunct wat againft all that receive

2; 10 threaten by fome outward fign or
e.xpreiron.

He cndrd fiownirg, and his look denounced
Difpcratc revenge, and battle dangerous
To left than gods.. Milton.

The fea grew white ; the rolling waves from far.
Like heralds, firft dcneunct the wat'ry war.
\, rr ■ ■ r ■ - . Dtydm.

3. lo give information againil ; to de-
late; to accufe publickly.

Archdeacons oiijht to propofe parts of the New
Teftament to be learned by heart by inferior cltr-
gymei., aud denounce fuch as are negligent.

Aylifft'i Parergrm.
DeNOu'NCF,MENT. n.f. [from denounce.]
The ait of proclaiming any menace;
the. proclamation of intended evil; de-
nunciation.

Falfc is the reply of Cain upon the r'tnoimeement
of his curfe, My iniquity ii greater than can bei
f^ given. B^rotpn.

Denou'ncer,

Dtkou'ncer. »./. [from Jcnounet.'\ One
thac declares fome menace.

Here comet the fad dcK>unctr of my fate.
To toll the mournful knell of fepantion. Dryier.

DENSE, mlj. [Hin/u!, Latin.] Clofc ;
compad ; approaching to foiidit)' ; hav-
ing ("mail jnierftices between the confti-
tuent particles.

The caufe of cold is the dcnfity o( the holy;
for ill dtjtft bodies are colder than moft other bo-
die*, as met lis, (lone, glifs i and they ate longer
^n heating than fofter bodies. Bacon*

In the air the higher you go, the Icfs it is com-
rrelfed, and confe<]uently the Icfs J^vfe it is j and
'fj the upper part is exceedingly thinner than the
lower part which we breathe. /.«*«.

To D s' N s H I R B . tv.a. A barbarous term
of hulbandry.

Burning of land, or burn-bating, is commonly
called dcrlliir'wg, that is, Dmonjhirwg or Dmhigh-
jhWi'l, becaufe moft ufed or lirll invented there.

M^.r Uir.fr,

De'nsity. n.f. \dcnfiiai, Latin.] Clofe-
iiefs ; compaftnefs ; clofe adhefion, or
near approach, of parts.

Whilit the dcniirt of metals, gold, if foliated,
is tranfpaient, and all met lis become tranfpareiu
if dilfolved in roenlVniums, or viti i<ied, the opacity
«f wl»ite metals arifeth not from their dtnfity abnc.

The air within the veffels being of a Icfs dcnftij,
the outward air would prefs their fiits together ;
and, being of a greater dmfiy, would expand them
to as to endanger the life o( the animal.

jirtuihmt en Alltn^jiH.
DE'NTAL. adj. [dintalis, Latin.]
1. Belonging or relating to the teeth.
3. [In grammar.] Pronounced principally
1^ the agency of the teeth.

Tlie Hebrews have afligned which letters arc
labial, which denial, and which guttural. Bacen.

The datjl ct-nfonants are eafy, therefore let
them be mxt ; firft the labial-i/f/i»«/», as alfo the
lingua-</f/if<i/j. Holdtr.

De'ntal. ». / A fmall fliell-fi(h.

Two fma I black and (hining pieces feem, bj
the (hape, to have been formed in the fliell of a
dfnt.jt. jycodivarii,

DENrirLL/. n.f. [Italian.] Modillons.

The m»di:l ns, or dtnldii, make a noble (how
by graceful prnjeflions. Sftflalor, ti" 415.

Denticula'tion. n.f. [ ife/ilicula(ui,
Latin.] The ft.ite of being fet with
fmall teeth, or prominences' refcmbling
teeth, like thofe of a faw.

He omits the Jeiiiuj./a:it* of the edges of the
bill, or thofe fmal oblique inc fi'jns made for the
better retention of the prey Ore-.o'i Mufaum.

DENTi'ct;iATEO. adj. [diHtituJaius, Lat.]

Set with fmall teeth.
De'nti FRicF. «./. [dens aiidy»-;V»> Lat.]

A powder made to fcour the teeth.

li Ihfb groy powder 3 goo»l diK:tfrtu f B. jonf.
The (hells of all forts of flicli-filh, being burnt,
obtain a c Juftick nature : moft ol them, fj orJeted
tni powdered, make excellent i/ri*ri/*Wr^'.

Orcvj'i Atuftcum.

Te Denti'sr. v. a. [dentekr, French.]

To have the teeth renewed. Not in ufc.

The .1 1 cnintefs 01 P. f nouO, wh.j i.»eJ till Ihc

was feven fcore, did dtnlife twice ur thrice, calking

Yte^ oil teeth, and others coming in their pU>c.

Ba.ftt.

Denti'tiom. «./. [Jeniitio, Latin.]

1. The ad of breeding the teeth.

2. The time at which children's teeth are
bred.

?»DENU'D.ATE. 'v. a. [deuMdo, Latin.]
To divert ; to ftrip ; to lay naked.

DH O '

Till he has itxudatti himfelf of «U ineom-

brances, he is unquaiilied. D(cay cf P,<ty

Denuda'tion. «. /. [from denudate.^

The aft of ftripping, or making naked.

T'oDENtj'uE. v. a. [</r««//i>, Latin.] To

ftiip ; to make naked ; to diveft.

Not a treaty can be obtained, unlefs we would
d:r.:,de ourfclf of all force ti defend us. Clarnd-^n-

If in fummer-time you dirtydt a vine-branch o(

it» leaves, the grapes'wiU never come to maturity.

Ray (Ml the Crcat'iii.

The eve, with the (kin of the eye-iiJ, is dt-
tiudid, to' ftew the mufcle. Sharfi Surgery.

Denuncia'tion. »./. [denunciatio, La-
tin.] The aft of denouncing ; the pro-
clamation of a threat ; a publick me-
nace.

In a dir^vmiatkn or indiflion of a war, the war
is not confined to the place of the quarrel, but is

left at large.

Baccn.

Chrift tells the Jews, that, if they believe not,
fhey Ihall die in their fins: di I they """/"j'
thofe denurcielms ? . ^ '"^^■

Midft of thefe demnciationt, and notwichftand-

ing the warning before me, I commit inylelf to

lailing durance. ^ C^rgrme.

Denuncia'tor. n.f. [from denuncto,

Latin. I

1. He thit proclaims any threat.

2. He that lays an information againft an-
other.

The denunciator does not make himfelf a party
!n iudgment, as the accufer does. Ayhffe's Parerg.

To DENY', v. a. [denier, French ; denegt,

Latin.]
I . To contradift ; oppofed to a^rm.
z. To contradift an accufation ; not to

confefs.

Sarah denied, faying, I laughed not ; for (he
was afraid. Grtj/fs.

3. To refufej not to grant.

My young boy
Hath an afpcS of interceflion, which
Great nature cries— rfiiiy not. Sbaieffeare.

Ah, chatmini; fair, faid I,
How long can you my bVifs and yours deny T

Dryden.

4. To abnegate ; to difown.

It (hall be therefore a witnefs unto you, left you
deny your Cod. J'fi- ««''^- *7-

5. To renounce; to difregard ; to treat
as foreign or not belonging to one.

The lie'.t fijn and fruit oi denying ourfelres, is
mercy to others. Sfruii.

Whin St. Paul fays, If in this life only wc have
hope in Chri(», we are of all men moft tniferable ;
he confidcrs Chriftians as dinyin^ themlclves in the
pleai'ures of this world, for the fake of Chrili.

Al'ertury.

To DEOBSTRUCT. -r. a. [deohjhuo,
Latin.] To clctr from impediments;
to free from fueh things as hinder a
paflfage.

It i< a lingular good wound-herb, ufeful for
deahpruHmg tiic pores of the body. ^

Mere'! Antidote ngainjl jliteijm.

Such as carry oflfthe fjeces and mucus, deoljIruH
the mouth of the lattcals, fo as t!.e chyle may hive
a free pallage into the blood. Ariulhnot en Diet.

Deo'bstruent. n.f. [deobjhuens, Lat.]
A medicine that has the power to rc-
folw vifciditics, or to open by any
means the animal paffages.

.'Ml ro,cs are attenuating ar.d deokftment, re-
folving vilcid fubftinccs. Ar!>uthni.t tn Alimemt.
De'odand. n.f. [Deo dnitdum, Latin.] A
thing given or forfeited to God for the
p.itityiiig his wrath, in cafe any m:s-
tortune, by which any Chriftian comes

D E P

to a violent end, without the fault of
any reafonable creature; as, if a hcrfe
Ihould ftrike his keeper, and C< kill
him ; if a man, in driving a cart, and
endeavouring to reftify fomctbing about
it, ftiould fall fo as the cart -.vhtels, by
running over him, fliould jaG him to
death ; if one (hould be feh! , a tree,
and giving warning to co.- aany by,
when the tree was near falluig, to look
to themfelves, and any of ihcm flioulJ
neverthelefs be flain by the fall of the
tree ; in thefe cafes the horfe, the cart-
wheel, cart, and horfes, and the tree,
arc to be given to God ; that is, fold and
diftributcd to the poor, for an expiation
of this dreadful event, thouph occafion-
ed by unrealbnable, fenfelcfs, and dead
creatures : and though this \>e given to
God, yet it is forfeited to tht king by
law, as executer in this cafe, to iec the
price of thefe diftributed to the poor.

Cowel/.

To DEOTPILATE. t. a. [de and effilo,
Latin.] To deobftruft j to clear a paf-
fage ; to free from obllruftions.

D E O P P I L a't ion. n.f. [ from deoppilate.']
The aft of clearing obllruftions ; the
removal of whatever obllrufts the vital
paffages.

Though the grolTer parts be excluded again, yet
are the dilToluble parts extracted, whereby it be-
comes efi'etlual \a det/ffilatiom.

BrovMi't Vulgar Errcurs.

Deo'ppilatjvk. adj. [from deoppiltUe.'[
Deobftruent.

A phyfician prefcribed him a Jrffilatrve and
purgative apozem. Harvey.

Deoscola'tion. n.f. [deofculatio, Lat.]
The aft of kiffing. •

We have an enumeration of the fcveral afts of
worlhip required to be performed to images, vie,
proceflions, genufleftions, thurifications, and dtef-
cuUtions. StiUingfteet.

To Depa'int. -v. a. [depeint, French.]
I . To pifture ; to defcribe by colours ;
to paint ; to fhew by a painted refem-
blance.

He did unwilling worlhip to the faint
That on his (hieid defaiutcd he did fee. Sftnfert

a. To defcribe.

Such ladies fair would I defoint
In roundelay, or fonnct quaint. Cayt

To DEPA'RT. -v. n. [depart, French.]

1 . To go away from a place : withy/-»«
before the thing left.

When the people dtfarted avray, Sufannah went
into her garden. Sujan, vii.

He faid unto him, go in peace ; fo he drfeuried
from him a little way. i Kingi, v. 19.

They defarled <\iuck\y fr>m the fcpulchre, with
fear and great joy, and did run to bring his difci-
ples word. Mat. xxviii.

He, which hath no (Jomach to this fi,iht.
Let him depart ; his palfport (hall be made.

Shake/peart.

BarbnroflTa, appeafed with prcfcnts, (/rfcfci/out
of th.lt Hay. Knolhs.

And coulJft thou leaTC me, cruel, thus alone ?
Not one kind kifs from a deftirting frn !
No lonit, no laft adieu ! Dryden.

2. To defift from a praftice.

He cleaved unto ihi: liiis of Jeroboam, he de-
parted nor therdroro. i f^mg', ii'. J.

3. To be loft; to perifh.

The good departed away, and the evil abode ftill.

a EJd. iii.

4. To

D E P

4. To defert ; to revolt ; to fall away ; to
apoftatife.

In tranfgreflirg and lying ajainft the Lord, and

5. To defift from a refelution or opinion.

His majefty prevailed not with any of them to
dtpart from the moll unicafonable of all their de-
mandii CiamJ-.n,

6. To die } to deceafe ; to leave the world.

As iiei foul was in dcfarling ; for flie died,

C^TT. iii. 5. 18.

Lord, row lettcft thou thy fervant depart in peace,

accortilng to thy word. Lukt, xxix.

As youwifli Chriftian peace to fouls dtfarted.
Stand thcfe poor people's friend. Shaktjpcerc.

To Depar't. f. a. To quit ; to leave ;
to retire from. Not in ufe.

You 've had difpatch in piirate by the conful ;
You are will'd by him thit eveaing
To difari Rome, Bin Jimftin,

To Pepa'hT' "V. a. [parlir, French; par-
tier, Latin.] To divide; to feparatc :
a chymical term.
Depa'rt. »./ [///f/cr/, French.]

1 . The aft of going, away : now departure.

1 had in cha'^t, ai n-.y d'^ari from France,
To marry princcfs Margaret. Sk'aktjftare.

2. Death,

When your brave father brcath'd his lateA^afp,
Tidings, as fwiftly as the pofi could i u'n,'
Were broaght me of your lols .i.-id Ms dif»Tt.

SiiSkcffiarci Utnry VI.

3. [With chymlils.] An operation fq
named, becaufe the particles of filver
are d parted or divided from gold, or
other metal, when they were before
melted together in the fame mafs, and
could not be feparated any other way.

Dia,

The chymifts have a liquor called water of di.

fart, Baion't

Depa'rter. n. f. [from depart.] One
that refines metals by feparation.

Depa'rtment. n. J. \departerrunt , Fr.]
Separate allotment ; province or bufi-
nefs afligned to a particular perfon : a
French term.

The Roman fleets, during thc'r command at
fea, bad their fcveral ilations and dtparlmmii : the
moll confiderable was the Alexandrian fleet, and
the fecond was the African, jirLulbnot.

Depa'rture. n.f. [iiom depart.]
I. A going away.

For thee, fellow.
Who needs muft know of her drparlUr:, and
Unil fcem fo ignorant, we'll foicc it from thee
By a Iharp torture. Staktfj-iJrt.

■Wbat beli.le?
Of forrnw, and dejcftion, and dcfpiir,
Our frailty can fuftain, thy tiding* bring; '

Diparturt from this hippy plicc. Milirn.

They wrrc frcn rot enly ail the whil^ our Sa-
viour was upcn earth, bot furvivcd alter b\^d fvr-
lurr out of this world. ^Jd.fi,ii,

s. Death ; deceafe ; the aft of leaving the

prefent ftate of ex»4l*ncc, i

Happy Wis tiicir g' od pjincc in his timely di-

ftrii're, which bairod hMlfr^im the knowlcJ_<c of

his Ion's mifcrii-<. ■ .V/ini-J.

3. A forfakiag ; an abandoning : wiqi
from. - (

The fear of the Lord, and dtparturefr'jtn evil,
are phr:iff5 of lite importance. ' : Tillafi^.

Dtp a's cent. a(!j^ [ dcpafctnsi Lia'tin.n
Feeding. • ■ f

To Dei'a'stuhe. y. a. [from drpafccr,
Latin.] To eat up;' to conftime by feed-
ing upon it, I
Vol. I. '

D E P

They keep their cattle, and live themfclves, in
bodies pafturing upon the mountains, and remov-
ing ftill to frelh land, as they hnvc depafiund the
former. Sptnfir.

To Depau'perate. "J. a. [depaupero,
Latin.] To make poor 5 toimpoverilh ;
to confume.

Liming docs not dipavperate i the grotmd will
laft long, and bear large grain. Morihscr.

Great evacuations, which carry oft" the nutri-
tious humours, dfp^^uptmte the b'cod. Arhuthnct.

Depe'ctiblei adj. [from defeSo, Latin.]
Tough ; clammy ; tenacious ; capable
of being extended.

It may be alfo, that fome bodies have a kind of
lentor, and arc <>( .1 nnore dcftiiij?lc nature than oil,
as we fee it evident in coloration ; for a fmall
quantity of fafj'ron will Cindt more than a very
great quantity of br^fil or wine. B,icin.

To Depe'inct. v. a. [^depeindre, Fr.]
To depaint ; to paint ; to defcribe in
colours. A word of Spea/er.

The red rofc meJlied with the white y fere.
In eitlier check dijriiiflen lively here. Sptnf.r.

To DF.PE'ND. -v. n. [dependio, Latin.]

1. To hang from,

Fr'^m the frfren beard
Long iiicles ^e^/n/, and crackling lounds are heard.

Vrydm.
From gilded roofs depending lamps difplay
Noaurnal beams, that emulate the day. Drydin.
There is a chain let down ftom Jove,
Srf (Irong, that from the- lower end.
They fay, all human things d-'ptnd, Utoift.
The direful mottftcr was. afar delcried.
Two bleeding babes dcfendtr.g at her fide. Pcfi.

2. To be in a Hate influenced by fome ex-
ternal caufe ; to live fubjeft to the will
of others : with upon.

We work by wit and not by witchcraft ;
And wit diptndi on dilatory time. Sbakcfpiarc.
Never be witliout money, nor difenj upit: the
curtcfy of others, wliich may fail at a pinch. Bac.

3. To be in a Hate of depcndance ; to
retain to others.

Be then defir'd
Of fifty to difquantity your train ;
And the remainJers, that Ihall ftill depend.
To be fnch men as may hef^rt your age. Shiik.

4. To be connefted with any thing, as
with its caufe, or fomething previous.

The peace and hapjincti of a (ocjcty deperd on
the jultice and fidelity, the temperance and cha-
rity, of its members. Rogers.

5. To be in fufpenfe ; to be yet undeter-
mined.

By no means be you perfuaded to intcrpoii:
yourfelf in any caufe diftn'l':i:g, or like, to be di-
pc/idiag, in any court of juiiicc. BiUort.

Th'- iiiJge corrupt, tfie long d:pn:dihg caufe,
A.ni doubtful ifluc of mifconlhoed laws. Prior.

6:Ta''Diff.KOup?n. To rely on; to truft
to ; to reft upon with confidence ; to be
certain of.

He iclolved no more to depend vpkm i^feotoe, or
to provoke the other. ' C/arrndm.

But if you 'tc rough, and ufe him like a d i;,

i'f^/wi^ i,/w« it— he'll remain iiicog. , Aditifor.

I am a ftrnngcrro your cliira^c^r, fnrtherihijn

Aiiommoh fame reports cliero, wbich'.ii riot t> lie

: ileftr^edg^Vf,.. . ... ..'.ji ■^, '[.,.. , ; 1 'Stoi/f.

DePe'nB ANCE. 7 ,'rr _ J» J^

D . P e'n U A N C V. r;-^ ^C'^""''''''^""'-^

1. The ftateof hfinging dowtl fron< a fup-
porter.

2. Something hanging upon another.

:nding light,

Lik.

i.ipcs they ihoWj
■m 'iic bougii. '
VryJi-n.

D E P

i . Concatenation ; connexion j relation of
one thing to another.

In all forts of reafoning, the connexion and de-
fendiime of ideas Ihould be followed; till the mind
is brought to the fource on which it bcnttomi.

Locks*

4. State of being at the difpofal or under
the fovereignty of another: with upon.

Every moment we feel our depertdantrupon God,
and find that wx can neither be happy without
him, nor think ourfelvesfo. T'dktjon.

5. The things or perfons of which any
man has the dominion or difpofal.

Never was there a prince bereaved of his de-
ptr.dcndc! by his council, except where there hath
been either an over-greatnefs in one counfellor,
or an ovrr-llriti combination in divers, Ba,ttt.

The fecond natural divifion of power, is of fuch
men who have acquired large pofTelTions , and con-
feijucntly dependarteics ; or dcfccnd from ancellors
who have left them great inheritances. Swift,

6. Reliance ; truft ; confidence.

Their dtf^-vdiincirs on him were drowned in this
conceit, Uoskxr,

They (Icpt in peace by night.
Secure of bread, as of returning light ;
And with fuch firm depcndance on the day.
That need grew pamper'd, and forgot to pray,

DrydtK,

7. Accident ; that of which the cxiftence
prefuppofes the exiftence of fomething
elfe.

Modes I call fuch complex ideas, which, hoW'
ever compounded, contain not in them the fuppo-
fition of fubfifting by thcmlclves, but are confi-
dcred as deprrulencici on, or affeflions of, fub-
ftances ; fuch arc the ideas fignified by the words
triangle, gratitude, murder. Locket

Depe'ndant. adj. [{rom depend,]

1 . Hanging down.

2. Relating to fomething previous.

3. In the power of another.

On God, as the moft high, all inferior caufesYit
the world are d/fendatit, Hmkert

Depe'ndant. ti./. [^(rom depend.] One
who lives in fubjeftion, or at the difcrc-
tion of another ; a retainer.

A great abatement of kindnefs appears as well in
the general dependants, as in the duke himfelf
alf 1, and your daughter. Sbakefpeare,

For a lix-clerk a perfon recommended a de-
penJant upon him, who paid fix' thoufand pounds
reidy money. Clarcndtn,

His dependants fliall quickly become his profe-
lytcs. Soulbt

Depe'ndence. In-f- [from dependo, Lat.

Depe'n dencv. J This word, with many
others of the fame termination, are in-
differently written with ance or eticet
amy or ency, as the authors intended to
derive them from the Latin or French.]

1 . A thing or perfon at the difpofal "or
difcretion of another,

We invade the rights of our neighbours, not
ujion account of covetoufnefs, but of dominion,
tliat we may create deper.denan. Co'lUr en Bride*

2. State of being fubordinatc, or fubjeft in
fome degree to the difcretion of ano-
ther ; the contrary to fovereignty,

' • ,';'j Let.rae report to him
Your fwcet dependency, and you (bnli find
A Mnq'ifror that will pray in aid for kindnef;.
Where \\t: for gr.icc is kneel'd to. ' Shakcjpeare.
At their f'tting out they muft have their com-
mifiion, or letters patent, from the king, tliat fo
they may acknowledge their dependency ufUA the
crown of Engl.ind. Baenv,

3. That which is not principal ; that which
is fubordinate.

3S We

D E P

Wt fpejk of the fuhlu««Ty wcrW», tMs *»itb,
acd its JrpeaJndtt, which tofe out of » tbaos
about fix thoufand ytari ago. _ £urnei'x Tteery.

4. Concatenation; connexion; rifeofcon-
fequcnts from premifes.

Her midncfs hath the oddtft frawt of fcnfe }
Such 1 -difKnttemy of thing on thing,
As nf'er i hear-l in rnadnefs. Hbakijliin

5. Reladon of any ihing to3.ncther, as of
«R efted to its caufe,

1 toolc p'icjfjn: to trace outtlie caufc of cflcfts,
and the tttft-miciicc of one tiling uj.on anotlier in
the vifiblc creation. liyriut'i TUii)'-

6. Trull ; reliance ; confidence.

The cipeftation of the pcrformanccof our Jefire,
is thit vtc <M.ikfend(tice uiwn him for liclp and
afiirtance. Siillm^flcri.

Dspe'noent. adj. [dependdn, hz.X.n\.
This, as many other words of Hi<e ter-
mination, are written with ent or ant,
as ihey are fuppofed to flow from the
Latin or Frencn.] Hanging down.

In the time of Charles the Great, and long
fince, the whole furs in the tails were JtpenJt^nt ;
tut now that falhion is left, and the fpots only
worn, without the tails. PtacbDm-

Depe'ndent. »./. [from aV/fWw/, Lat.]
One fubordinate ; one at the difcretion
or difpofal of another.

We are indigent, dcfencelcfs beings j the crea-
tures of his power, and the Jifendcntt of his pro-
vidence. Rcgen.
Depe'kder. n. /. [from JeptuJ.] A de-
pendent ; one that repofes on the kind-
nefs or power of another.

What (halt thou expefl,
To be drfcndtr on a thing that leans ? Sbakefftari.

Depbrdi'Tiok. ti. /. [from deperdit us,
Lajfin.] Lofs ; deftruftion.

It may be unjull to place all efficacy of gold in
the non-omiffion of weights, or JtfcrMiim of any
pofiderous- particles. Bntvif.

D E P H L E c M a't 1 0 K . »./. f from dephlegm.]
An operation which takes away from
the phlegm any fpirituous fluid by re-
peaed dilUUation, till it is at length
left all behind. ^hiry.

In divers cafes it is not enough to feparate the
aqueous parts by Jefhlcgaaihn ; for fonie liquors
contain alfo an unfufpctlcd quantity of fmall cor-
pafcles, of fomcwhat an earthy nature, which,
being aflbciated with the falinc ones, do cl<^ and
blunt them, and thereby weaken their afliviiy.

eoyli.

ro DEPHLE'GM. l-v. a. [dephleg-

To DEPHLE'GMATE. J mo, low Lat.]

To clear from phlegm, or aqueous infi-

pid matter.

We have fametimcs taken fpirit of fait, and

carefully AefbUgmid it. Bylt-

^E p H le'c M ED N ESS. ti.f. [from dephlcgm.']

The quality of being freed from phleg.n

or aqueous matter.

The proportion betwixt the coralline folution
sod the f|)i.-it of wine, depends fo much upon the
fttcngth of the former liquor, and the defhltgmid-
rfjs of the latter, that it is fcarct pofliblc to deter-
mine generally and exactly what quantity of each
ought to be taken. Boyle.

To- Depi'ct. v. a. [depinge, dipiilum,
'- .JLatJn.]

1 . To paint ; to portray ; to reprefent in
colours.

The cowards of Lacedemon dcfllird upon their
fiiieldt the rood terrible beafts tbcy could imagine.

Taykr.

2. To defcribe ; to reprefent an aftion to
the mind.

D E P

When the diRraaions of a tumuU are fenfibl)
dejitlcd, every olijcft and emery occurrence art (o
preknteii to your view, th«C while yoo read, you
feem indeed to fee them. Feller.

DEPi'LATORy. n./. [de and /(Vw, Lat.]
An application ufed to take away hair.

De'pilous. adj. [</« and /»y«o, Latin.]
Without hair.

This animal is a kind of lizard, or quadruped
corticated and defiUm ; that is, without wool, furr,
or hair. Brmn.

Depi-anta'tiok. «./. [deplanto, Lat.]
The ad of uking plants up from the
bed. Oia.

Depi.e'tion. »./. [depko, dephtus, Lat.]
The aft of emptying.

Abrtincme and a llender diet attenuates, bccauf;
dtpUtm of the vefleb gives room to the fluid to
exjiand itfelf. jiihuibn^ji .

Deplo'rabi.b. ff/^". [(romdephro, Latin.]
I. Lamentable; that which demands or
caufes lamentation ; ^mal ; fad ; cala-
mitous ; miferable ; hopekfj.

This was the dtfbrallc condition to which the

king was reduced. Clarcrd^.

The bill, of all weapons, givei the rood ghiftly j

D E P

iierally fignify aftion only ; is, fdtect ,.l
confefs. darkens Latin Grammar.

ToDEPO'PULATE.i;. a. [depepu/cr, La-
tin.] To unpeople; to lay wafte ; to
deftroy inhabited countries.

Where is this viper.
That would depifutste the citj, and
Be every man tiimfejf? ShoUffeart.

He turned his arms upon unirmed and anpM-
vided people, to fpoil only tnd dif^Jmhit, contrary
to the laws both of war and peace.

Banti'i Henry VII.
A land exhaufted to the laft remains,
Dtp'4>uhtfd towns and driven plains. Drydert.

Grim death, in different Ihapes,
Pe^tpulaiei the nations; thoufands fall
Kis viAims. Philips.

D^popula'tion. »./. [horn depopulate.']
The aft of unpeopling ; havock ; wafte ;
■ -^tftruftion of mankind.
'■ How didft thou grieve then, Adam ! to behold
The end of all thy offspring, end fo fad,
Pifopublun ! Thee another Auod,
Ot t-ar« and fortow a flood, thee alfo drown'd.
And funk thee as thy fons. Aiilton.

Remote thou bear'll the dire efTeO of war,
Difipuhtitn. Philips.

and depkrable wounds.

It will be confidered in how deplorable a Hate
learning lies in that kingdom. Sviifi.

2. It is fometimes, in a more lax and jocii-
lar fenfe, ufed for contemptible ; defpi-
cable : as, deplorable nonfenfe ; deplora-
ble flupidity.

Deplo'rableness. n.f. [from deplora-
ble.'] The llate of being deplorable;
mifery ; hopeleflnefs. Diii.

Deplo'rabi, y. adv. [from deplorable.]
Lamentably ; miferably ; hopelefsly :
often in a fcnfe of contempt.

Notwithltanding all their talk of reafon and
philofophy, Gud knows, they ate dcphrably Gran-
gers to them. Scutb.
Deplo'rate. adj. [deploratus, Latin.]
Lamentable ; hopelefs.

The cafe is then mod deplorale, when reward

goes over to tlie wrong fide. VEftrange.

Deplo.ra'tion. n.f. [from deplore.] The

aft of deploring, or of lamenting.
To DEPLO'RE. 'V. a. [deploro, Latin.] To
lament ; to bewail ; to wail ; to mourn ;
to bemoan ; to exprefs forrow.

But chafte Diana, who his death deplored.
With vEfculapian herbs his life reftor'd. Pryden.

If Arcitc thus deplore

His fiiffcrings, yet Palcmon fuffers more. Dryden.

Deplo'rer. »./. [ from deplore."] A la-

menter ; a mourner ; one that laments.

Dep LU M a'i ION. n.f. [deplumatio, Latin.]

1. A pluming, or plucking off the feathers.

2. [In furgery.] A fwelling of the eye-
lids, accompanied with the fall of the
hairs from the eyebrows. Phillips.

To DEPLU'ME. -v. a. [de Zini. pluma , La-
tin.] To ftrip of its feathers.
To DEPO'NE. f. a. [depono, Latin.]

1 . To lay down as a pledge or fecurity. .

2. To rifque upon the fuccefs of an ad-
venture, i ■

On this I would depone

As much, as any caufe I've known. Hudibras.

Depo'nent. n.f. [from depono, 'LtAiTi.]

I. One that depofes his tefUmony in a

courtof juftice; an evidence ; awitnefs.

z. [In grammar.] Such verbs as have no

aftive voi«e are called depomnts, and ge-

Ttmple. I Depopula'tor. «. / [from depopulate.]

A difpeopler ; a deftroyer of mankind ;
a wafter of inhabited countries.
To DEPO'RT. <!/. a. [deporter, French.]
To carry ; to demean ; to behave : it is
ufed only with the reciprocal pronoun.

Let an ambalVadbr dtport himfclf in the TOo(t
graceful manner before a prince. Pcpc.

Depo'rt. n.f. [from the verb.] De-
meanour ; grace of attitude ; behaviour ;
deportment.

She Delia's felf
In gait furpafs'd, and goddefs-like ^<;^rf. Milton*

Of middle age one rifing, eminent
In wife deport, fpake much of right and wrnng.

Milren.
Deporta'tion. n.f. [deportatio, Latin.]

1 . Tranfportation ; exile into a remote
part of the dominion, with prohibition
to change the place of refidence.

2. Exile in general.

An abjuration, which is a deportation (at ever
into a foreign land, was anciently with us a civil
death. -^/I'ffe-

Depo'rtmen T. n.f. [deport ement, Fr.]

1. Conduft ; management; manner of
afting.

I will but fwei-p the way with a few notes touch-
ing the duke'sownrf.^oxmfn/ in that ifland. Ifoltoii^

2. Demeanour ; behaviour.

The coldnefs of his temper, and the gravity of
his depntment, carried him fafe through many
difficulties, and he lived and died in a great ftation.

To DEPO'SE. v. a. [depono, Latin.]

1 . To lay down ; to lodge ; to let fall.

Its ihores are neither advanced one jot further
into the fea, nor its furface raifed by additional
mud depoftd upon it.by the yearly inundations of
the Nile. ffoodmard.

2. To degrade from .a throne or high na-
tion.

Fi^, of the king : what (hall of him become }
—The duke yet lives that Henry fliall depefe.

Sbtiefftaru

May your fick fame dill languilh till it die ;
Then, as the greated curfe that I can give,
Unpitied be dipos'd, and after live. Dryden,

Depcfed confuls, and captive princes, might have
preceded him. Taller.

3. To take away ; to divell 5 to fttip of:

not in ufe.

Yen

D E P

Yoo may my glory and my ftate icfoji.
But not my griefs; ftillam Ikingot'tbofe. Shak-

4. To give teilimony ; to atteft.
'Twas he thar made you to de^Je ;
Your oath, my lord, is vain and frivolous. Sbahefp.
Itwras ufualforhim that dwelt in Southwark, or
TothlU-ftreet, to dcf<ife the yearly rent or valuation
of lands lying in the north, or other r«mote part of
the realm. Bacon.

J. To examine any one on his oatli. Not
now in ufe.

According to our law,
Dtfiofthim in the jullicc of his caufc. Shakef^are,

TbDepo'se. 1-. n. To bear witne{s.

Love ftraight ilood up and defefed, a lye could
not come from the mouth uf Zelmanc. Sidnty.

Depo'sitarv. «./. [defojitarius, Latin.]
One with whom any thing is lodged in
truft.

I gave you all.
^Made you my guardians, my dep9Jitarles ;
But kept a refcrvjtion, to be foUow'd
"With fuch a number. Shakiffiare, '

Te DEPO'SITE. -v. a. [tlefoJ!lum, Latin.]

1 . To lay up ; to lodge in any place.

The <agle got leave here to defKJiu her eggs*

L* EJirange ■

Dryden wants a poor fquare foot of ftone, to
fiiew where the aflies of one of the greatcft poets on
earth are defifited. Garth.

When vcffeU were open, and the infers had free
accels to the aliment within them, Rcdi diligently
oliferveJ, that no other fpccies were produced, but
of fuch as he faw go in and feed, unAdrptifitt their
eggs there, which they would readily do in all pu-
trefaction. BcTtitrj.

2. To lay up as a pledge, or fecurity.

3. To place at intereft.

God commands us tu return, as to him, to the
poor, his gifts, out of mete duty and thanlcfulnefs \
not to defujite them with him, in hopes of meriting
by them. Sfroll.

4- To lay afxde.

The difficulty will be to perfuade the dcfoJiiUg
of thofe lulls, which hive, by I know not what
fafcination, fo endeared themfelves.

Decay cfP'uty.
Depo'site. n.f. [^Jefojitum, Latin.]

1. Any thing committed to the truft and
care of another.

2. A pledge ; a pawn ; a thing given as
a fecurity.

3. The ftate of a thing pawned or pledged.

They had fince Marfeilles, and fairly lc(t it :

they had the other day the Valtoline, and now

have put it in drpofiii. Bacan.

Deposi'tion. n.f. [from depojltio, Lat.]

1. The aft of giving publick teftimony,.

If you will enamine the veracity nf the fathers
by thofe circumSances ufually confidered in depo-
famt, you will find diem ftrong on their fidr.

Sir K, D'lghy.

A wi:ncfs is obliged to fwcar, othcrwife hi^ dt.

ffimn is not valid.. /lyliffe'i Panrgm.

2. The aft of degrading a prince from
fovercignty.

3. [In canon law.] Depofition properly
fignifies a folemn depriving of a man of
his clerical orders. J^yl'ffe'i Partrgoii.

Depo'sitorv. n./. [from drpofite.] The
place where any thing is lodged. De
pofitary is properly ufed of perfons, and
defojitory oi fUcti ; but in the following
example they are confounded.

The Jews themfelves arc the drficjitcrut of all
the prophecies which tend w their own confufion.

'AjdlfiV.

D E P

Deprava'tion. It./. [Afravaiio, Lat.]

1 . The aft of making any thing bad ; the
aft of corrupting ; corruption.

The three forms of government have their fe-
veral pcrfedlions, and are fubjedl to their feveral
depra'vations ; howcTCr, few Jlates are ruined by
defe£l in their inilitution, but generally by corrup-
tion of manners. Siiifr.

2. The ftate of being made badj dege-
neracy ; depravity.

We have a catalogue of the blackeft fins that
human nature, in its higheft drpravaiiortf is capa-
ble of committing. South.

3. Defamation ; cenfure : a fenfe not now
in ufe.

Stubborn criticks are apt, without a theme
For difra-vaiior, to fquarc all the fex. Shah/p,

roDEPRA'VE. -v. a. [depra'vo, Lat.] To
vitiate ; to corrupt ; to contaminate.

We admire the providence of God in the con-
tinuance of fcripture, notwithftanding the endea-
vours of infidels to abollOi, and the fraudulence of
h^reticks to deprave, the fame, Hochr.

Who lives that 's not depra-ved, or depravet ?

Shakejfettri.
But from me what can proceed
But all corrupt, both mind and will deprav'd f

Milton.
A tafte which plenty does deprave,
lioaths lawful good| and lawl^fc ill docs crave.

Vrydtn-.
Depra'veoness. n.f. [from depra<ve.'\
Corruption ; taint ; contamination ; vi-
tiated ftate.

What fins do you mean ? Our original depratied-
tiefs, and pronencfs of our eternal part to all evil.

Hammcnd.

Depra'vement. n./ [from ./^/raw.] A
vitiated ftate ; corruption.

He maketh men believe, that apparitions are
either deceptions of fight, or melancholy diprave-
mtntt of fancy. Brown.

Depr a'ver. n.f. [from depra've.'] A cor-
rupter ; he that caufes depravity.
Depra'vity. n.f. [from i/f/rai/*.] Cor-
ruption ; a vitiated ftate.
To DE'PRECATE. t/. a.

1 . To beg off ; to pray deliverance from ;
to avert by prayer.

In diprecating of evil, we make an humble ac-
kno< • igment of guilt, and of God's jufticc in
chaftiling, as well as clemency in fparing, the
guilty. Grnu.

Poverty indeed, m all its degrees, men are cafily
pcrfuadcd to deprecate frcm themfelves. Rogers.

The judgment* which we vrould deprecate arc
not removed. Umitlridge.

'Vhe luliau entered them in his prayer : amongft
the tliree evils he petitioned to be delivered from,
he might have deprtcattd greater evils.

Baker's Rtjii^ior.s on I.tarnlng.

2. To implore mercy of: this is not pro-
per.

At leni;'h he fets
Thofe darts, whofe points make gods a, lore
His mighr, and diprccatc his power. Prior.

Depreca'tion. «. /. [drprecatio, Lat.]

I. Prayer againft evil.

I, with leave of fpecch implor'd
And humble diprecaiion, thus replied. Milton.

Sternutation they generally conceived to be a
good fign, or a bad one; and fo, upon this motion,
they commonly ufed a gratulaiion fur the one, and
a deprecation for the other. Bro^on.

z. Intreaty ; petitioning.

3. An excufing ; a begging pardon for.
De'prec ATIVE. \adj. \itQ-s(\ depr ec ate. '\
De'precatorv. J That ferves to depre-
cate ; apologetick ; lending to avert
evil by fuppiication.

D E P

Bijhop Fox underftanding that the Scotti/h king
waj ftiU difcontent, being troubled that the occafioii
of breaking of the truce ftiould grow from his men,
fent many humble and deprecatory letters to the
Scottifli king to appeafe him. Bacon.

Depreca'tor. a. /. \deprecaior, Lat.J
One that averts evil by petition.

To DEPRE'CI ATE. •v. a. [depreiiare, Lat.]

1 . To bring a thing down to a lower price.

2. To undervalue.

They prefumcd upon that mercy, which, in all
their converfations, they endeavour to diprtcmte
and mifreprefent. Addiian,

As there are none more ambitious of fame, than
thofe who are coiners in poetry, it is very natural iot
fuch as have not fuccceded in it to depreciate the
works of thofe who have. Spedator-.'

re DE'PRED ATE. -v. a. [depresdari, Lat.J.
I. To rob ; to pillage.

3. To fpoil ; to devour.

It maketh the fubftance of the body more foli j
and compa6V, and fo iefs apt to be confumed and
depredated by the fpirits. BacotJ.

Depreda'tion. »./. Idepreedatio, Lit.]

I. A robbing ; a fpoiling.

Commililoners were appointed to determine all
matters of piracy and depredations between the fuU-
jefts of both kingdoms. Hay-ward.

The land had never been before fo iitc from
robbcrici. and i/^^re<fd/io«i as through his reign. Wo^.

Were there not one who had faid, Hitherto ihalt

thou come, and no farther ; we might well cxpcft

fuchvicilHtudes, fuchclaihing in nature, and fuch

depredations and changes of fea and land, fyocdiq.

z. Voracity; wafte.

The fpeedy depredation of air upon watry moif-
ture, and verlion of the fame into air, appeareth
in nothing more vifible than in the fudJcn dif-
charge or vanishing of a little cloud of breath, or
vapour, from glafs, or the blade of a fword, or any
fuch poliihcd budy. Bacon,

Depreda'tor. n.f. \depretdator , Lat.]
A robber ; a devourer.

it is reported, that the fhrub called cur Lady's
Seal, which is a kiiid of briony, and colcworts, fet
near together, one or both will die : the caufe is^
for that they be both great depredators of the earth*
and one of them ftarvcth the other. Bacon,

We have three that colledl the experiments,
which are in all books j thefe we (all depredators.

Bticrv.
7'oDEPREHE'ND. -v. a. [dcprehendcLa.]

1 . To catch one ; to take unawares ; to
take in the faft.

That wretched creature, being deprehetidcd in
that impiety, was held in ward. Hooker,

Wlio can believe men upon their own authority,
that are once depreht*did in io grofs and impious an
importm-e * More,

2. To difcover ; to find out a thing; to
come to the knowledge or underftanding
of.

The motions of the minute parts of bodies,
which do fo great cffefts, are invifiblc, and incur
not to the eye ; but yet they are to be depreherdtJ
by experience. Bacon.

De P R E H e'n s I b I. e. adj. [from deprehend.]

1 . That may be caught.

2. That may be apprehended, er difco-
vercd. Dicl.

Deprehe'nsible.vess. n.f,

1 . C.ipablenefs of being caught.

2. Intelligiblcnefs ; eaftnefs to be under-
ftood. (

DEPREHE'NSlON.w.y; \_deprehenJlo, Lat.] "

1 . A catching or taking unawares,

2. A difcovery.

roDEPRE'SS. 1/. a. [from depnjfas, of
deprimo, Latin.]

3 S 2 1. To

D E P

1, To prefs or thruft down.

2, To let fall ; to let down.

The fame thing I h«ve tried by letting a globe
teft, and raifing or dtfrifing the eye, or otlierwife
moving it, to make the angle of ajud magnitude.

Niiuton.

3, To humble; todejeft; to fink.

Others deprtf: their own minds, delpond at the
Arft difficulty, and conclude that the making any
progrefs in knowledge is above their capacities.

Lctlt.
If vre confiJer how often it breaks the gloom,
which is apt torfrprc/j the mind, with trarfiont un-
expected gleams uf joy, one would take care not to
grow too wife for fo great a pleafurc of life. Add*
Pa/Tion can dffttfi or raife
The heavenly, ai the human mind. Pr'nr,

Depre'ssion. n.f. [depreffio, Lat.]
1. The a£l of prefling down.

Bricks of a rcftangular form, if laid one by an-
other in a level row between fupporters fuflaining
the two ends, all the pieces between will neccflarily
fink by their own gravity ; and much more, if
Ihey fufier any dtfrtjfuin by other weight above
them. _ IVottiK.

z. The finking or falling in of a furface.

The beams of light are fuch fabtile bodies, that,
in refpeft of them, even furfaces, that are fenfibly
fmooth, are not exaflly fo : they have their own
degree of roughselis, confiding of little protube-
rances and defriff.oni ; and confcqucntly fucli ine-
qualities may fumce to give bodies dirtercnt colours,
at we fee in marble that appears white or black, or
red or blue, even when mod carefully poliftied. Bcylt.

If the bone be much deprefl'ed, and the fifl'ure
eonfiderably large, it is then at your choice, whe-
ther you will enlarge that filTun:, or continue it for
the evacuation of the matter, and forbear the ufe
•f the trepan j not doubting but a fmall defrefficn
of the bone will either riie, or call off, by the be-
•eSt of nature. IVijman.

3. The ad of humbling ; abafement.

Difrrjjion of the nobility may make a king more
abfolate, but lefs Cafe* , Bacon.

Depression of an Equation [in algebra]
is the bringing it into lower and more
fimple terms by divifion. Dia.

Depression c/"a Star [with aflronomers]
\i the diftance of a ftar from the horizon
below, and is meafured by the arch of
the vertical circle or azimuth, palling
through the ftar, intercepted between the
ftar and the horizon. Diii.

Depre'ssor. n.f. \_defreJJor, Lat.]

1. He that keeps or preffes down.

2. An oppreflbr.

Depre'ssor. [In anatomy.] A term given
to feveral mufcles of the body, whofe
aftion is to deprefs the parts to which
they adhere.

De'priment. adj. [fTOmJeprimotSfOfde'
frimo, Latin.] An epithet applied to one
of the ftraight mufcles that move the
globe or bull of the eye, its ufe being to
pull it downwards.

The exquifite equilibration of Jll oppofite and

intagonift mufcles is effetled partly by the natural

pofture of the body and the eye, which is the cafe

of the attollent and dtfrimni mufcles. Dtrbam.

DepRiva'tion. n. /. [from </ir and /r/"-

•uatio, Lat.]
1. The aft of depriving, or taking away

from,
i. The ftate of lofing.

Fools whofe end is dellrufVian, and eternal Je-
frivaiim of being. Brniliy.

Deprivation [inlaw] is when a cler-
gyman, as a bilhopi p.vfon, vicar, or
to

D E P

prebend, is deprived, or depofed from
his preferment, for any matter in fafl
or law. PbilUfi.

To DEPRI'VE. V. a. [from di ziAfri-vo,
Latin.]

1. To bereave one of a thing : to take it
away from him : with of.

Goi hath drprived her ^wifdom, neither hath
he imparted t> her underllanding. ycl,xxx\i. 17.

I-Ie lamented the lul's of an excellent fcrrant, and
the horrid manner in which he had been defrivrd
c/"him. Ctartndcn.

Now wretched Oedipus, deprm'd 0/ fight,
Led a long death in everlafting night. Pefe.

2. To hinder; to debar from: Milton ufes
it without 0/.

From his face I (halTbe hid, dtfr'ro'd
His blcffcd countenance. Mitten.

The ghsAs rcjefted, are th' unhappy crew
Dcpr'm^d o/*fepulchres and fun'ral due. Drjdcn*

3 . To releafe ; to free from.

Mod happy he,
Whofe Icaft delight fuificcth to defrivt
Remembrance c/all pains which him oppreft. Sfenf,

4. To put out of an office.

A miniller, def rived lor inconformity, faid, tlut

if they deprived him, it fliould coft an hundred

men's lives. Bac:r.

Depth, n.f. [from deep, of diep, Dutch.]

1. Deepnefs ; the meafure of any thing
from the furface downwards.

As for men, they had bjiUings in many places
higher than the drptb of the water. Bacux.

We have large and deep caves of feveral dtpthi :
the deeped are funk fix hundred fuihoms. Bacsn.

The left to that unhappy region tends,
Which to the dtfttb of Taitarus dcfcends. Dryd.
For tho', in nature, depth and height

Are equally held in6iiite ;

In poetry the height we know,

*Tis only intinitc below. Sivift.

2. Deep place ; not a (hoal.

The falfe tides (kim o'er liic cover'd land.
And feamcn with dilfembled dc^tli betray. Dryd.

3. The abyfs ; a gulph of infinite profun-
dity.

When he prepared the heavens I was there,
when he fet a comp.>l's upon the face cf tilt- deptt.

Prov. viii. 27.

4. The middle or height of a feafon.

And in tlie depth of winter, in die night.
You plough the raging feas to coads unk: « vn,

DenhatH.

The earl of Newcadle, in the depth of winter,
tefcued the ci:y of York from the rebels.' Claratd.

5. Abftrufenefs ; obfcurity.

There are greater dtptbt and obfcuritres in an
elaborate and well-written piece of nonfenfe, than
in the mod abftrufe traft of fchool divinity.

Addij'cn'i IVkig Examiner.

Depth of ez Squadron or Battalion, is the

number of men in the file. Milit. Diii-

To DEPTHEN. f. a. [dtepen. Dutch.]

To deepen, or make deeper. Diii.

To Depu'celate. -v. a. [dtpuceler, Fr.]

To deflour ; to bereave of virgiuity.

Dia.

Dbpu'lsion. n.f. [depuljto. Lit.} A beat-
ing or thrurting away.

Depu'lsory. adj. [from defulfus, Lat.]
Putting away ; averting. Dia.

To DE'PURATE. -v. a. [depurer, Fr. from
depurgo, Lat.] To purify ; to cleanfe ;
to free any thing from its impurities.

Chemidry enabi ng us to depurate bodies, and in
fome meafuie to analiae them, and take afunJei
their hetcr.)geneou5 parts, in many chemical cxjic.
rimentJ we may, bitter than in others, know what
manner of bodies wt employ. BrjU.

D E P

De'pwrate. adj. [from the verb.]

1. Cleanfed ; freed from dregs and impa-
rities.

2. Pure ; not contaminated.

Neither can any boalt a knowledge depurate from
the defilemert of a contiary, within thia atmo-
fphere of ri .ih. Glamitle,

Depura'tion. n.f. [depuratio, Lat.]

1 . The aQ of feparating the pure from the
impure part of any thing.

Brimdonc is a mireial body, of fat and inflam-
mnble paics; and this is either uled cruue, and
ciiUiJu/piur viie; ur is of a fadder colour, and,
after depuration, fuch as we have in magdeleuns, or
rolis of a ligliter yellow. Bro^vn*i fufgetr Mrrcurt*

What hath been birhcrto difcburfed, inclines u<
to look upon the ventilation and depuration of the
blrrad as one of the principal and condant ufes of
refpiraticn. Boyle,

2. The deanfing of a wound froin its
matter.

To Depu're. -v. a. [depurer, Fr.]

1. To cleanfe ; to free from impurities.

2. To purge J to free from fome noxious
quality.

It produced plants of fuch imp^feftion and
harmful quality, a^ the %vaters of the general flood
could not fo walh out or depure, but that the fame
defefiion hath had continuance in the very gene-
ration and nature of mankind. Ru^eigt,
Deputa'tion. n.f [deputation, Fr. !

1 . The aft of deputing, or fending away
with a fpecial cominUiion.

2. Vicegerency; the poffeiEonof any com-
miffion given.

Cut me off the heids
Of all the fav'rites that the ab:c.it king
In deputaticn lef: behind him here.
When he was pcrfonal in the Irilh war. Shulefp.
He looks not below the moon, but hith de-
figned the regiment of lublunary affairs into fub-
lunary d:putafior.!. Brown*

The authority of confcience dands founded upon
, its vicegerency and (ff^HMficJiUnder God. Start,

To DEPU'TE. <r. a. [deputer, Fr.] To
fend with a fpecial coininiiTion ; to im«
power one to tranlaft inltead of another.
And Abfaloni faid unto iiim, See thy matters
arc good and right, but there is no man depute.i of
the king to hear. » Sam,

And Linus thus, deputed by the re*.
The heroes welcome and their thanks exprefs'd.
' R^eomynoTf,

■, A bifliop, by dcputirg a pried or chaplain to ad-
miaider the facramcnts, may remove him.

Ayliffe's Parcrgc*.
De'puty. n.f. [depute, Fr. from depu/attu,
Lat.]

1 . A lieutenant ; a viceroy ; one that is
a'ppointtiJ by a fpecial commiiTion to
govern or aft inftead of another.

He eiercifeth dominion over them as the vice-
gerent and deputy of Almighty God.

Hr.ie's Origin of Mankind.

He was vouched his imn>ediatci/ef wry upon earth,
and viceroy of the creation, and lord lieutenant of
the woild. South,

2. Any one that tranfafts buunefs for an-
other.

Prelhyters, abfcnt through infirmity from their
chur.:hes, niight be faid 10 preach by thofi: </<yatii'j,
who, irvthtir dead, did but read homilies, hooker.
' A man hath a body, and that body is confined to
a place ; but where friendlhip is, all offices of life
are, as it were, granted to him and his deputy ; for
he may exercife theiti by his friend. Bacon,

3. [In law.] One that exercifes any office
or other thing in another man's right,
whofe- forfeiture or mildcmcanour (hall

caufc

D E R

canfe the officer or perfon for whom he
afts to Me his office. Phillips.

TijDEqjJA'NTiTATF. ■K. a. [ftoin </f and
fuantitas.La' ] 1 o diaiinifh theqaan-
tity of.

Tills we affirm of pure golj ; for that which is
current, «nd pafTfth in Hamp amonpft us, uv rrafan
ot its aliay, which is a prcf.-jrtir-n ot" filvtr or
copper mixed therewith, is aOually diquaTHiiaud
by fire, and poflibly by frequent extinftion.

Srt.vjn'i Vulvar Errours,

D E R . A term ufed in the beginning of
names of places. It is generally to be
derived from beop, a wild beafl, unlefs
the place Hands upon a river ; for then
it may rather be fetched from the Bri-
tifli dur, i. e. water. Gibfon's Camden.

To Dera'cin ATS. i;. a. [Jeraciner, Fr.]

1 . To pluck or tear up by the roots.

Her fallow lees
The darnel, hemlnck, ar.d rank fumitory
Doth root upon j while that the culter rufts
That ihould deracinate fucli favagery. Shekefpeare.

2. Toabolifh ; to deftroy ; to extirpate.
To DERA'IGN. 1 -v. a. [Ji/rationare. or
To DERA'IN. J Mrat.onare, Lat.]

1. To prove ; to judify.

When the parfnn of any church is difturbcd to
deniind tythes in the next pacjfti by a writ of tm/;-
Mfif, the paunn liM have a writ to demand the
idvowfjO of the tjthes being in demand: and
when it ik JinigreJ, then fliall the plea p»fs in the
court chriilian, as far fcrth as it ii Jeraigned \n the
kii:g"« court. E/tunr.

2. To diforder ; to tura oat of courfe.

Der a'ionment
Der a'inment.

1. The aft of deraigning or proving.

2. A difordering or turning out of courfe.

3. A difcharge of profeffion ; a departure
out of religion.

In fomc fliccs the fubilantive Jeraignment is
ufed in the very literal figiiificatlon with the French
Jifrayer, cr difranger ; that i^, tuning out ot
courfe, difplacin^, 01 fetting out of order; as, de-
raignmtnt or departure out of religion, and deraign-
mem or difcharpe of their profefliun, wliich it fpo-
krn of thcfe religious men who forlook their orders
and frofeflicns, Bhuti.

Drra'y. «./ [from defrayer, Fr. to turn
out of the right way.]

1. Tumult; diforder; noife.

2. Merriment; jollity jlbleranity: not in
ufc. Dougla/s.

To Dere. -u. a. [hcpinn. Sax.] To hurt.
Obfolete. Some think that in the ex-
ample it means daring.

So from immo-tal race he does proceed,
That mortal hands may not withfiand his might;

Dred for his derrwr doe, and blody deed ;
For all in blood and fpoil is i.is delight. F.iheen.
Dereli'ction. ». / [dereliaio, Lat.]

1 . 7 he aft of forfaking or leaving ; aban-
donment,

2. The ftate of being forfaken.

There is no other thing to be lookeJ for, but
th: cffeai of God's mcftjuftdifpleafurc, ihe with-
drawing of grace, d!r<l:nUn in this world, and in
the world to come confufion. lieoker.

De'relicts. n. /. pi. [Inlaw.] Goodj
wilfully thrown away, orrclinquifhed, by
the owner. Diil.

DERI'DE. -v. a. [derideo, Lat.] To
augh at i to mock; to tujn to ridicule ;
olcotn.

{"■/• [from/tr<j»fn.]

DER

Before fuchprefence to offend with any theJeall
unfcemlinels, we would be furely as loth as tl.ey
who mol^ reprehend or deride what we do. Hciler.

What rtia!! be the portion of thofe who have
derided God's word, and made a mock of every
thi.ig that is facred and leiigious-? THUtfon.

T hefe fons, ye gods, who v>frh fliigitious pride
I-.fult my darknefs, and my groans dtridt: Pcfe.

Some. th=t adore Newton for his fluxions, deride
him for his religion. BerkLy.

Deri'der. ». /. [from the verb.]
I. A mocker ; a fcofFer.

Upon the wilful violation of oaths, execrable
blafphemies, and like contempts offered by d^ridcrs
of religion, fearful tokens of divine revenge have
been known to follow. Hooker.

^^. A droll; a buffoon.
Deri'sion./t./ [derijio, Lat.]

1 . The aft of deriding or laughing at.

Are we grieved with the fcorn and derifar.ai the
profane ? Thus was the blefled Jefus defpifcd and
rejeftedof men. Rsgeri.

Vanity is the natural weaknefs of an ambitious
man, which expofes him to the fectct fcorn and
derijim of thofe he converfes with. AdJifon.

2. Contempt; fcorn; a laughing- ftock.

I am in dtrifitn daily ; every one mocketh me.

Jer. XX. 7.

Thou makefl us a reproach to our neighbours,
a fcorn and a derifion to them that are round about
"S. ppim xllv. 13.

Enfnar'd, afTaulted, overcome ; led bound.
Thy foes derijim, captive, poor, and blind.
Into a dungeon thnift. Miltor.

Deri'sive. adj. [from deride.] Mocking;
fcoffing.

O'er all th« dome they quaff, they feaft ;
Deriji-je taunCi were fpread from guefl to gucft.
And each in jovial mood his mate addrefs'J, P<ife.

Der i'sor y . tidj. [deri/orius, Lat.] Mock-
ing ; ridiculing.

Deri'vable. fli^'. [(xomderi've.'] Attain-
able by right of defcent or derivation.

God has declared this the eternal rule ar,d ftand-
a'd of all honour derivable upon mc, that thofe
who honour him Ihall be honoured by him. Sotiih.
Deriva'tion. ». / [deri-jatio, Lat]

1. A draining of water; a turning of its
courfe.

When the water began to fwell, it would every
way difcharge itfelf by any defcents or declivities
of the ground ; and thcfe ilTues and deri-uaiions
being once made, and fupplied with new waters
pulhing them forwards, would continue their courle
till they arri»ed at the fea, juft as other rivers do.

Burnet,

2. [In grammar.] The tracing of a word
from its original.

Vour loidi.iip here feems to diflike my taking
notice that the derevaticn of the word SubUancc
favours the idea we have of it j and your lordlhip
tells me, that very little weight is to be laid on it,
on a bare grammatical etymology. Lotie.

3. The tranfmilTion of any thing from its
fource,

Astouching traditional communication, and tra-
dition of thofe truths tliat 1 call connatural and
engraver, I do not doubt but many of thofe truths
have had the help of that deriiiaticn.

lljU^i Origin bf Mankird.

4. [In medicine.] The drawing of a hu-
mour from one part of the body to an-
other.

Dimatien differs from revutfion only in the mca-
furc of the diftaHce, and the force of the medicines
ufed : if we draw it to (bme very remote, or, it
may be, contrary part, we call that rcvulfton ; if
only to fame neighbouring place, and by gctitlc
m-ans, we call it derivation. Wijman.

5. The thing deduced or derived; not
ufed.

DER

Moft of them are the genuine derivations of the
hypothefis they claim to. Glanville.

DERi'vATtVE. adj. [deritjati'vus, Lat.]
Derived or taken from another.

As it is a derivative pcrfciSion, fo it is a diftinil
kind of perfedlion from that which is in God.

Der: vative. «./. [from the adjeftive.]
the thing or word derived or taken
from another.

For honour,
'Tis a derivative from me to mine.
And only that 1 ftand for. Shaheffetirt,

The word Honeftus originally and ftriftly figni-
iics no more than creditable, and is but a deriva-
tive from Honor, which fignifies credit or honour.
, South.

Deri VATivELT.a^fo. [itom deri'vaii've.]

In a derivative manner,
Te DERI'VE. a-, a. [deri-ver, Fr,from de-
riuo, Lat.]

1 . To turn the courfe of virater from its
channel.

. Company lelTens the fhame of vie- by fliaringjt,
and abates the torrent of a common odium by de-
riving it into many channels. Smth.

2. To deduce; as from a root, from a
caufe, from a principle.

They endeavour t.j derivethe varieties of colours
from the various proportion cf th: diredl progreff
or motion of thcfe globules to their circumvolution,
or motion about their own centre, Boy/e.

Men derive their ideas of duration from thoif
refleftion on the train of idi.'as they obfcrve to fuc-
ccedoncanother in their own indcrftarjdings, LccJtc.

From thefe two cjufcsof the laxty and rigidity
of theiibrcs, the methadi.ls, an ancient fet of phy-
ficians, derived all difcifes uf human bsdics with a
great deal of reafon ; for the fluids dirive their qua.
lities from the folids, jSrbutinct.

3. To communicate to another, as from
the origin and fource.

Chrill having Adam's nature as we have, but
incorrupt, deriveih not nature, but incorrujition,
and that immediately from his own perfon, unto all
that belong unto him. Hooker.

4. To receive by tranfmiffion.

This property fccnis rather to have been derived
from the pretorian foldiers. Decay of Piery,

The cenfcrs of thefe wretches, who, I am fure,
could derive no fanftity to thsm from their owa
perf;>ns ; yet upon this account, that they had been
confecrated by the offering incenfe in them, were,
by God's fpecial command, fequefteted from all
common ufc. South.

5. To communicate toby defcent of blood.

Befidcs the readinefs of parts, an excellent dif-
pofition of mind is derived to your lordlhip from
the parents of two generations, to whom I have
the honour to be known. Felttn,

6. To fpread ; to dilFnfe gradually from
one place to another.

The ftreams of the publick juftice vrtn derived
into every part of the kingdom. Dav'us.

7. [In grammar.] To trace a word from
its origin.

To Derive, "v. n.

1 . To come from ; to owe its origin to.

He that rcCfts the power of Ptolemy,
ReUlb the pow'r of hcav'n ; for pow'r from heaT*n
Derivei, and monarchs rule by gods appointed.

Prior.

2. To dcfcend from.

\ am, my lord, as wtll derived ii he,
As well pofTeft. Stakeffeare.

DERi'vER.».y: [from derii/e.] One that
draws or fetches, as from the fource or
principle.

Such a one makes amr-n not only a partaker 0
oti ft men's fins, but alio a deriver of the who l'
itklitc guile o( thesi to hiicCclf. South

Dern

D E R

DzfLK. aJj. [bearin, Saxon.]

I. Sad ; Iblitary.

i. Barbarous ; cruel. Obfoktc.

Dernie'r, /i^'. Laft. It is a mere French

word, and ufed only in the following

phrafe.

In the Imperial Chamber, the term for the pro-
fecutisn of an appeal is Dot circumlcribed by tlic

■ term of one or two years, as the law cKicwIiere
requires in the empire ; this being the dtrritr lefort
and fupteme court of judicature. ^I'fff-

ToDb'rogate. v. a. [Jerego, Lat.]

1 . To do an aft fo far contrary to a law or
cuftom, as to diminifh its former extent :
difHnguiftied from abrogate.

By feveral contrary curtoms and ftiles ufed here,
many of thofe civil and canon laws are controuled
and Jirbga'eJ* Hate.

2. To leffen the worth of any perfon or
thing ; to vilify.

Tff De'rogate. "v. n,

1 . To detraft ; to leflen reputation : with
from.

Wc fliould be injurious to virtue itfclf, if we did
Jerogaiefrm them whom their induftry hath made
great. Hooker.

2. To degenerate ; to aft beneath one's
rank> or place, or birth.

Is there no dcrog.ition in 't ?
*— You cannot tterogafty my lord. Shiilefptare.

De'rogate. aJj. [from the verb.] De-
• graded ; damaged ; leiTened in value.

Into her womb convey fterility ;
Dry up in her the rrgans of increafe.
And from her derogate body never fpring
A babe to honour her ! Skakefpeare^s King hear.
Deroca'tion. tt.f. [ticrogatio, Latin.]

1 . The aft of weakening or reftraining a
former law or contraft.

It was indeed but a wooing ambaflTage, with good
Tcfpefls, to entertain the king in good' aftcdlion ;
but nothing was done or handled to the derogation
of the king's late treaty with the Italians. Bacon,

That which enjoins the deed is certainly God's
law; and it is alfo certain, that the fcripture,
which allows of the will, is neither the dero^ati'^
nor relaxation of that law. South,

2. A defamation ; detraftion ; the aft of
leffening or taking away the honour of
any perfon or thing. Sometimes with
to, properly v/'ith/rom.

Which, though never fo neceffary, they could
not ealily now admit, without fome fear of dero-
gjtionfi-Dm their credit ; and therefore that which
once they had done, they became for ever after re-
folute to maintain. Hooker.

So furely iie is a very brave man, neither is that

any thiaj which Ifpeak to \nt derogation ^ for in

tiiatl faidhe is a mingled people, it is no difpraife.

Sfenfer en Ireland,

The wifeft princes need not think it any dimi-
nution to their greatncfs, or derogation to their fuf-
'ficiency, to rely upon counfcl. Bacon,

I fay not this in derogation to Virgil, neither do
I ei^ntradi£l any thing which I have formerly faid
In his juft praife. Dryden,

Noncnfthefe patriots will think it 3 derogation
from their merit to have it faid, that they received
many lights and advantages from their intimacy
*ith my lord Somer:. AJd'.frn,

Dero'g ATiVE. aiij. [derogati'vui, Latin.}
Derogating ; lelTcuing the honour of:
not in ufe.

.^. Thatfpirits are corporeal, fcrmc to me a conceit

. dirogativt X..t himfcif, and fuch as he /hould rather

labour to o\crthiow; yet thereby he e(ljbli:het'n

* (he do^rine of lullracions, amulets, and ch-irnis.

Brtzvni Vulgar Errvurt,

Dero'g ATORiLY, aei-j. [from aenga-

ftirj.] In a detrafting manner. D::7.

D E S

Dero'oatorikess. ». / [from derega.
lory,^ The aft of derogating. Di3,

Dero'catorv. ailj. [dcrogalorius, Lat.]
Detraftious ; that leffens the honour of;
difhonourable.

They live and die in their abfurdities, pafling
their days in perverted apprehcnfions and concep-
tions of tlie world, derogatory unto God, and the
wifdom of the creation. Brown.

Thefe deputed beings are derogatory from the
wifdom and power of the Author of Nature, who
doubtlefs can govern this machine he could create,
by more dire£t and eafy methods than employing
thefe fubfcrvient divinities. Cbeyne.

De'rvis. n.f, [Jer'vit, French.] ATurk-
ifh prieft, or monk.

Even there, where Chrift vouchfaf 'd to teach.
Their dervifes dare an impoftor preach. Sjndyi,

The deivis at firft made fome fcruple of violat-
ing his proroife to the dying brachman; but told
him, at laft, that he could conceal nothing from fo
excellent a prince. Sfeflator.

DE'SCANT. n.f yifcanto, rtalianf

1. A fong or tune compofed in parts.

Nay, now you arc too flat,
And mar the concord with too harlh a defeant.

Stakefpeare,

The wakeful nightingale
All night long her amorous dffcant fung. Milton.

2. A difcourfe ; a difputation ; a difquifi-
tion branched out into feveral divifions
Or heads. It is commonly ufed as a
word of cenfure or contempt.

Look you get a prayer-book in your hand,
And ftand between two churchmen, g 'Od my lord ;
For on that ground I'll build a holy def.ant. Shak.

Kindnefs would fupplant our unkind reportings,
and fcvcre defcdnts upon our Ircthien.

Government of the T'jngue,

To De'scant. v. n, [from the noun.]

1. To fing in parts.

2. To difcourfe at large ; to make fpceches :
in a fenfe of cenfure or contempt.

Why I, in this weak piping time of peace.
Have no delight to pafs away the time,
Unlefs to fpy my fhadow in the fun.
And defeant oti mine own deformity.

Shakefpeai e*s Riebardlll.

Com'ft thou for this, vain boaller, to I'urvey me.
To defeant on my Arength, and give thy verdift ?

MiJton.

A virtuous man Hiould be pleafed to find people
defcanting upon his actions, becaufe, when they are
thoroughly canvalTcd and examined, they turn to
his honour. MJifcn.

To DESCE'ND. a;. ». [dtfceneio, Latin.]

1 . To go downwards ; to come from a
higher place to a lower ; to fall ; to fink.

The rain defcended, and the floods came, and
the winds blew, and beat upon that houfe ; and it
fell not, for it was founded upon a rock.

Mattbev!, vii. 25.
The brook that defended out of the mount.

Deuteronomy^ ix. 11.
He cleft bis head with one defcending blow.

Drydtn,
Foul with flains
Of gulhing torrents and defending rains. Mdifon,

O goddcfs ! who, defending from the /kies,
Vouchfaf 'd thy prcfcnce to my wond'ring eyes.

Pcpt.

2. To come down, in a popular fenfe, im-
plying only an arrival at one place from
another.

He ihall defend into battle, and perilh.

I Samuel, xxvi. 10.

3. To come fudJenly or violently ; to fall
upon as from an eminence.

For the pious fire prefcrvc the fonj
Hit wifii'J return witKhappy pcw'r betriend,
And on the fuitors let thy wrath defend, £cpi,

6

D E S

4. To go down : in a figurative fenfe.

He, with honed meditations fed.
Into \i\xait\f defcended. Milton,

5. To make an invafion.

The goddefs gives th' alarm ; and foon is known
The Grecian Hetldef ending; on the town. Dryder.,

A foreign fon upon the ihore difcendi,
Whofc martial fame from pole to pole extends.

Drydtn.

6. To proceed as from an original ; to be
derived from.

Dcfpair defcmdi from a mean original ; the off-
fpring of fear, lazinefs, and impatience.

Collier agairfi Drffair.

Will, is younger brother to a baronet, and de-
fended of the ancent family of the Wimbles. Add.

7. To fall in order of inheritance to a fuc-
ceflbr.

• Should wc allow that all the property, all the
eftate, of the father ought to defend to the eldeft
fon j yet the father's natural dominion, the pater-
nal fovettycinnot defend unt» him by inheritance.

Ltcke.

The inheritance of both rule over men, and pro-
perty in things, fprung from the fame original, and
were to defend by the fame rules. Locke,

Our author provides for the defending and con-
veyance down of Adam's monarchical power topnf-
terity, by tlic inheritance of his heir, fuccecding to
his father's authority. Locke,

8. To extend a difcourfe from general to
particular confiderations.

Congregations dllcerned the fmall accord that
was among themfelves, when they defended to par-
ticulars. Decay of Piery .

TsDesce'nd. t;. a. To walk dowirward
upon any place.

He ended, and they both defendththtWX ;
Defcended Adam to the bow'r, where Eve
Lay llceping. Milton.

In all our journey through the Alps, as well when
we climbed as when we defcer.ded them, we had
ftili a river running along with the road. Addifcn.
In the midft of this plain Hands a high hill, fo
very ftcep, that there would be no mounting or de-
fcending it, were not it made up of a loofe crumbled
earth. Addijon.

Desce'ndakt. n.f. \defccndant, French;
defcendens, Latin.] The offspring of an
anceftor ; he that is in the line of gene-
ration, at whatever diftance.
Th» dcfcendanti of Neptune were planted there.

Bacon,
O, true defendant of a patriot line,
Vouchfatc this piflure of thy foul to fee. Drjden,
He revealed his own will, and their duty, in a
mote ample manner than it had been declared to
any of my defendants before them. Atttrbury.
Desce'ndent. adj. [defcendens, Latin.]
It feems to be eftablilhed, that the fub-
ftantivc (hould derive the termination
from the French, and the adjeftive from
the Latin.]
I . Falling ; finking ; coming down ; de*
fcending.

There is a regrefs of the f.ip in plants from above
downwards j and this defendcnt juice is that which
principally nourilhes both fruit and plant.

Ray en the Creation.

I. Proceeding from another, as an original
or anceflor.

More than niortal grace
Speaks thee defender.t of ethereal race. Teft,

Desce'ndible. aA". \itom defend,']

1 . Such as may be defcended ; fuch as may
admit of a pafTage downwards.

2. Tranfmifiible by inheritance.

According to the cufloms of other countries,
thofe honorary fees and infcudations were dtfadi-
blt to the cldelt, and not to all the males.

Hale'i Cemnion Law of England,

Desce'msion.

D E S

D E S

D E S

Dhsce'nsion. »./. [de/cenjto, Latin,]

1 . The aft of going downwards, falling, or
finking; dcfcenc.

3, A declenfion ; a degradation.

From a god to a bull ! a heavy dejcenjion :
It was Jo\e's cafe. From a prince to a 'pren-
tice ! a low [ransformacion : that Jhai] be mine.

Shaktjptart,

3. [In aftronomy.] Right defcenfton is the

arch of the equator, which defcends with

the figa or ftar below the horizon of a

direft fphere.

Oblique dcjcenfion is the arch of the equator,

which defcends with the Cgn below the horizon of

an oblique fphere. Oxanam,

Desce'nSional. eiJj. [from de/cenfion. ]

Relating to defcent.
Desce'nt. n. f. [de/cen/ui, Latin; de-

J'cente, French.]
I; The aft of palTing from a higher to a
lower place.

Why do fragments, from a mountain rent,
Tend to the earth with fucb a fwift Jeftent ?

B/acimire,

2. Progrefs downwards.

Obferving fuch gradual and gentle i/iy^mri down-
wards, in thofe parts of the creation that are be-
neath men, the rule of analogy may make it pro-
bable, that it is fo alfo in things above. Lcrke,

3. Obliquity; inclination.

The lieads and fourccs of rivers flow upon a i/f-
fcenr, or an inclining plane, without which they
could not flow at aJI. fyoi^iu. Nat, Hift.

4. Lowell place.

From the extreme^ upward of tby head
To the dffcent and duft below thy fi.ct. Sbakefpeare,

5. Fall from a higher ftate ; degradation.

O foul ittj'centj that 1, who erlt contended
With gods to fit the highcft, am now conHrain'd
Into a beall, and mix with bcllial tlime
This eflence to incarnate and imbrute. Afi/tin,

6. Invafion ; hollile entrance into a king-
dom : in allufion to the height of ftiips.

At the firrt Jijcent on Aiure, he was not immur-
ed with a wooden velfel, but he did countenance
the landing in his long-boat. ffofton.

The duke was general hirrfcif, and made that
unfortunate dtficnt upon the Ille of Rhec, which was
attended with a miferable tetTLat, in which the
flower of the army was loft. CJarendm,

Ariff, true judges, in your own defence,
Controul thole fopli::gs, and declare for fenfe ;
For, fhculd the fools prevail, they ftop not there.
But make theirrext defcint upon the fair. Drydtn.

7. Tranfmiflion of any thing by fuccefiion
and inheritance.

Jf the agreement and confent of men firft gave a
fceptre into any one's hand, that alfo mud direil
its dtjuni and conveyance, L^Ut.

8. The ftate of proceeding from an origi-
nal or progenitor.

All of them, even without fuch a particulir
claim, had great reafon to glory in their common
dtfcrni fiom Abraham, Ifajc, and Jacob, to whom
the promife of the bleffcd feed was feverally made.

Atlerbury,

9. Birth ; extraftion ; procefs of lineage.

1 give my voice on Richard's fide.
To bar my mailer's heirs in true Jtfctnt I
God koowi, 1 will not do it. Sbaktffearc.

Turnus, for high dtfittii and graceful mien,
Was firft, and favour'd by the Latian queen.

Drydeti.

10. Offspring ; inheritors ; thofe pro-
ceeding in the line of generation.

The care of our dijtini perplexes us mofl.
Which muft be born to certain woe. Mi/ion.

From him
His whole Jffctiir, who thus Iball Caujaa win.

Milttn,

1 1. A fingle ftep in the fcale of genealo-
gy ; a generation.

No man living is a tboufand defctnti removed
from Adam himlclf. Hoi,ier,

Then all the fons of thefe five brethren reign'd,
By due fuccefs, and all their nephews lace.
Even thrice eleven defcents the crown retain'd.
Till aged Heli by due heritage it gain'd. F. iiuien.

12. A rank in the fcale of fubordination.

How have 1 then with whom to hold converfe.
Save with the creatures which 1 made, and thofe
To me inferior J infinite dejcftitt
Beneath what other creatures are to thee? Mi/fcn.

roDESCRI'BE. v. a. \_defcribo, Latin.]

1, To delineate ; to mark out ; to trace :
as a torch r aved about the head dnjcribcs
a circle.

2, To mark out any thing by the mention
of its properties,

I pray thee, overname them ; and as thou nam'ft
them, 1 will dejiribe them ; and acsording to my
defcriptior, level at my aft'ciVion. Hhaktfpiare.

He that writes well in verle will often fend his
thoughts in fearch, through all the treafurc of
wordi that exptefs any one idea in the fame lan-
guage, that fo he may compart with the meafures
of the rhyme, or with his own mofi beautiful and
vivid fentimcnts of the thing he dijcriiei. AFa/rj.

3. To diftribute into proper heads or cii-
vifions.

Men pafTtd through the land, and dtfcribed it by
cities into fcvcn parts in a book, yoJ\ xviii. 9.

4. To define in a lax manner by the pro-
mifcuous mention of qualities general
and peculiar. See Descri.ption.

DesCri'ber. n. /. \_irom defcribe.] He
that defcribes.

From a plantation and colony, an illand near
Spain was by the Greek defcriiers named Erythra.

Descri'er. ». /. [from the verb.] A
difcoverer ; a detefter.

The glad dcjcrier fhail not raifs
To tafic the ne^ar of a kifs. Crajhmv.

Descri'i'tion. n./. [de/criftio, Lztin.]

1. The aft of delineating or expreffing any
perfon or thing by perceptible proper-
ties.

2. The fentence or paflage in which any
thing is defcribed.

A poet mull relufe all tediou% an^ unnece/Tary
dtjcriptkm : a robe which is too heavy, is lefs an
ornament than a burthen, Drydtn.

Sometimes, mifguided by the tuneful throng,
1 look for ftrcams immortaliz'd in fong,
That loft in filence and oblivion lie.
Dumb aie their fountains, and their channels dry,
That run for ever by the mufe's fkill.
And in the fmooth dijcrifikn murmur (till, j^djij.

3. A lax definition.

The fort of dsfinition, which is made up of a
mere collection of the mnft icmarkablc parts or
properties, is called an imprrfctl J'-finition, or a
dijcriptiort ; whereas the definition is called perfect,
when it is compolcd of the elTential difjeitnce,
added to ^jcneral nature or genus, ff^jtit.

4. The qualities exprefled in a defcription.

rU pay fix thoufand, and deface the bond,
Before a friend of this dejcrifl'wn
Shall lofe a hair, .Shakrjf. MfnI.jr.t cf Venice.
To DESCRY'. 1/. a. Idtfcrier, French.]

1. To give notice of any thing fuddenly
difcovered : as, the fcout tie/tried the
enemy, or gave notice of their approacli.
This fenfe is now obfolcte, but gave
occafion to thofe which are now in ufe.

2. To fpy out ; to examine at a diftance.

And Uie houic of Jofepb lent to dtfcry Bethel.
J^i«/f«, 1.13.

Xdm'jnd, I think, is gone to icpry
The ftrcngth o* th' enemy, Sbakefptare^

Our merchants, to their great charges, fct forth
fleets to dcjcry the fe.is. j^lboi.

3. To deteft ; to find out any thing con-
cealed.

Of the king they got a fight after dinner in a
gallery, and of the queen mother at her own table }
ill neither place dijcried, no, not by Cadint't, who
had been lately ambaffador in England. IV^tlcn,

4. To difcover ; to perceive by the eye ;
to fee any thing diftant or obfcure.

Thus diglit, into the court he took his way;
Bjrh through the guard, which never him defcried.
And through the watchmen, who him never fpied.
Htiibard'i'Iah.

The fpirit of deep prophecy (he hath j
What's pall and what's to come Ihecan defcry.

S^okelp^arr.

That planet would, unto our cyei, defcrying pnly
that part whereon the light falls, appeir to be
horned, as the moon fcems. Ra/tigk,

And iiow their way to earth they had dejcried.
To Paradife firft tending. Milinn,

Although the motion of light be not drfrried, n»
argunnent can be made from thence to prove that
light is not a body. t^^gh-

A tow'r fo high, it feem'd to reach the iky.
Stood on the roof, from whence we could dtjlry
All Ilium. Denhan.

Once more at leaft look back', fatd I j

Thyfelf in that large glafs defcry. Prior,

Descry', n./. [from the verb.] Difco-
very ; thing difcovered.

How near 's the other army ?
. -—Near, and on fpeedy foot, the main defcry

Stands in tlie hourly thought. Shakefpearr.

To DE'SECRATE. a;, a. [de/acro, Lat.]

To divert from the purpofe to which.

any thing is confecrated.

The founders of monaftcries imprecated evil on
thofe who iliould dcfecratc their donations.

Salmtins Survey, •

Desecr a'tion. n. /. [from dejecrate.']

The abolition of confecration.
De'sert. n.f. [dr/ertum, Lann.] A wil-
dernefs ; folitude ; wafte country; lui-
inhabited place.

Be alive again, ■
And dare me to the defert with thy fword. -
If trembling I inhibit, then pruteft me
' Tho baby of a girl. Shakejfcarit ■

He, looking round on-cvcry fide, beheld
A paihlcis dcf.rt, dulkwith horrid fhades. Milicn.

De'sert. adj. [deferlus, Latin.] Wild;,
wafte ; folLary ; uninhabited ; uncul-
tivateJ ; untilled.

I have words
That would be howl'd out in ihc defert air, ,
Where hearing fhould not catch them. Xtakefp.

He found him in a defert land, and in the waltc
howling wilderncfs. Diuurammy, xxxii. lo.

The proinifcs and bargains between two men in
a defrt iflari.l are binding to them, though thc-y arr;
perfcflly in a fiatc of nature, in reference to one
another. Loch,

To DESE'RT. -v, a. [dfferter, French ;
de/ero, Latin.]

1. To forfake ; to fall away from; to
leave meanly or treacheroufly ; to aban-
don.

I do not remember one man, who heartily wifh-
cd the palling of that bill, that ever defertcd tliem
till the kingdom was in a flame. Diydcn.

2. To leave ; to quit.

Wli.it is it that holds and keeps the orbs in fixed
ftations and inteivals, againft an inceflfant and in-
herent tendency to defr/t them .' Bir.tlej,

3. To quit the army, or regiment, in which
one is cnliAcd.

Dese'rt.

D E S

Dese'ht. «./. [properly /{,Jfert : Oic woru
is originally French.] Ihe laft courfe ;
the fruit or fwcatmeat* with which a
teaft is concluded. See Dessert.
DEbL'kT. n.f. [horn tfe/er-ve.]
1. Qualities or conduft confidered with
relpccl to rewards or punilhments ; de-
gree of merit or demerit.

BrUif ol ncccflity a thing common, it is, through
the manitold pcriuafions, dilpofitions^ and occa-
fions o( men, with e^ual dej'tri both of praife and
difptaife, fliuflned by lomc, by othert dedred.

Hictcr,
Tht bafe o' th' mount
Isj-ank'd with all Jcjerii, all kind ot" natures,
That labour on the bofom of this fphcre
To propagate their ftatcs. Sbahj'peart,

Cfc every man attcr his dtjtrt, and who ftiall
•fcape whipping ? _ Shatrfftart.

2. Proportional merit ; claim to reward.

All dtj'eri imports an equality between the good
conCerrcj, and the good dcfcr«d, or made due.
, South,

3. Excellence ; right to reward ; virtue.

More to move you,
Take my dtftrls to his, and join them both. Stak.
DESE'KTtK. n.f. [fvom de/ert.]

1. He that has forfaken his caufe or his
poft : commonly in an ill fenfe.

The members of both houfts, who at firft with-
drew, were counted dejcrttn, and outed of their
places in parliament. King Cbji/ts.

Streight to their ancient cells, rccall'd from air.
The rrconcil'd dcferten will repair. D>ydin.

Uofts of defirtcri, who your honour fold.
And bafely broke your faith for bribes of gild.

Dryd.n.

2. He thit leaves the army in which he is
enlifted.

Thiy are the fame dtfirters, whether they flay
in out^wo camp, or run over to the enemy's.

Daay of Piety.
A deftrttr, who came out of the citadel, fays the
garrifon is brought to the utmoft nccelTity.

Tatler, N» 59.

3. He that forfakes another ; an abandoner.

The fair lex, if they had the dcJtrUr in their
power, would certainly have /hewn hmi more meicy
than the Bacchanals did Orpheus. Drydcn.

Thou, falfe guardian of a charge too good.
Thou mean dejcrtir of thy brother's blood. Pcfi.
Dfse'rt ION. ?»./. [from (fe/ert.]

1 . The aft of forfaking or abandoning a
caufe or poft.

Every compliance that wc ^^e pcrfuadcd to by
one, is a cooiradi^linn to the commands of the
other; and our adherence to on.', will ncceliarily
involve us in a dtj'ertiin of the other. Rogers,

2. [In theology.] Spiritu.il dcfpondency ;
a fenfe of the dereliftion of God ; an
opinion that grace is withdrawn.

ChrtI: hears and fympathizcs with the fpritual
agonies of a foul under dtjeilion, or the prcflures 0.
fome flinging r.ffliflion. R.uth.

Dese'rti-Ess. adj. [from //fyfrr.] With-
out merit ; without claim to favour or
reward.

She faid (he lov'd,
Lov'd me dtjertlcft \ who with fliame confcfl,
Anoihcr dime had fcia'd upon my breaft^. Dryd

To DESE'RVR. t- a. y./ervir, French.]
To be worthy of either good or ill.

T 'IV '•^ honoured, as hav.ng povier to work
or ceafe, ai men diferftui of them. IhcL-r.

Some of UJ live you w;ll j and even thofe fonic
Envy your great deji-rvings,'"''^ RO""! name. Siui.

All friends (hall tafte
The wages of tlicir viituc, and all foe<
The cup of their dcft-vixgi. 5b ihffeari

Wh-j; he dtfimit of you and nic 1 kno.v, Siai.

D E S

Vet well, if here would end
The mifery ; I defem'd ir, and wotild bear
My own defcrvings. Atihor.

A motlier cannnt give him death : though he
DrffT^es it, he dcfrri'fs it not from me. Drydir.

Since my Or^zia's death I have not feen
A beauty (b dfferflrg to be queen. Drydcn.

To Dese'rve. V. It. To be worthy of
reward.

According to the rule of natural juftice, one man
may merit and defer^tn of another. South.

Courts arc the places where beft mannersflourifli,
Wliere the drfmiirg ought to rife. Otwjy.

He ha.l been a pcrfon of great difervingi from
the republick, was an admirable fpeaker, and very
popular. Sit'tfi.

DESE'avEBi.v.flii'T. [from</^ri'*.] Wor-
thily ; according to defert, whether of
good or evil.

For hirti 1 was not fent, nor yet to free
That people vi£lor once, now vile and bafe,
DeftrvcJIy made vafl'al. Milton.

A man dff'i-'ved/y cuts himfclf off from the af-
feftions of that community which he endeaviurs
to fwlivert. yiildfon.

Dese'rver. n.f. [from tie/er've.] A man
who merits rewards. It is ufed, I think,
only in a good fenfe.

Their lo\e is never link'd to the dtferver.
Till his deferts are pafs'd. Shakefpeare.

Heavy, with fome high minds, is an overweight
of obligation j or othcrwife gieat defcri'cn do, per-
chance, griAV intolerable prefumers. lyaton.

Emulation will never be wanting amongft poets,
when particular rewards and prizes are propoftd to
the beft dtfcrvtrs. Drydcn.

Desi'ccants. B./ [from deficcau .'\ Ap-
plications that dry up the flow of fores ;
driers.

Thi', in the beginning, may be prevented by
deficranis, and waflcd. Jf^ifeman.

To DE'S'ICCATE. 'v. a. [deftcco, Latin.]

1. To dry 'jp ; to exhauft of moifture.

In bodies dcficcated by heat or age, when the na-
tive fpirit gocth forth, and the moifture with it,
the air with time getteth into the pores. Bacon,

Seminal ferments were elevated from the fen, or
fome dcjkcattd places thereof, by the heat of the
fun. lUlc.

2. To exhale moifture.

Where there is moifture enough, or fupertluous,
there wine fielpcth to digeft and deficcaie the moif-
ture. " Bacon's Natural IVtJlifi.
Desicca'tiON. n.f. [from de/iccate.'\
The aft of making dry ; the ftate of be-
ing dried.

It the fpirits iflue out of the body, there fol-
loweth djiccaiion, induration, and confumption.

Baccn.

Desi'ccative. adj. [from deficcaie. '\
That which has the power of drying.

TsDesi'derate. f. a, \deJide):o, Latin.]
To want ; to mifs ; to defire in abfence.
A word fcarcely ufed.

Eclipfes are of wonderful afliftance toward the
folvition of this fo dclirablc and io much deJiAenilcd
problem. Chtync,

DESIDERA'TUM. [Latin.] Some%vhat
which enquiry has not yet, been able to
fettle or difcover ; as, the longitude is
the rt'f//./'.')7T/«/« of navigation. The tri-
fcftion of an angle, and the quadrature
cf a circle, are the dcjiderata of geo-
metry.

[defidiojut , Lat.] Idle ;

a. [defiant, Latin ; dej-

D E S

2. To form or order with a particular pur_
pofe: withyor.

The adi of religious worfliip wer« purpofcly d.-
Jifncd for the acknowledgment of a Being, whom
the moft excellent creatures arc bound to adore as
well as wc. Still'mgfM,

You are not. for obfcurity dtfign'd,
But, like the fun, muft cheer all human kind.

Diydtn.

3. To devote intentionally : with tti.

One of thofe places was defgntd by the old man
to his fon. C'arcTtdcn,

He was born to the inheritance of a fplcndid f jr-
tune i he was defigned to the fludy of the law. Oryd.

4. To plan ; to pro] eft ; to form Ln idea.

Wc arc to obfervc whether tlic pifture or out ■
lines 1)C well drawn, or as more elegant artizans
verm it, well d/Jlgncd ; then, whether it be well co-
loured ; which be the two general heads, ffcita:.

Thuswhileiheyfpccd theirpave, theprinccA^^m
The new cle£lcd feat, and draws the lines. Dtj<i.n.

5. To mark out by particular tokens : lit-
tle ufed.

'Tis not enough to make a man a fubjeift, to
convince him that there is regal power in tha
world J but th-yre moft be ways of dejtgtting and
knowing the pcrfoii to whom this regal power of
rijjht belongs. Locke,

Desi'gn. n. / [from the verb.]

Desi'diose. ttdj.

lazv ; heavy.
To DESI'GN. T'.
finer, French.]
I . To purpofe ; to intend any thing.

1. An intention ; a purpofe.

2. A fcheme ; a plan of aftion.

Is he a prudent ir.an, as to his temporal eftate,
that lays dcfigns only for a day, without any pro-
fpeft to the remaining part of his life ? Ti//D//;».

3. A fcheme formed to the detriment of
another.

A fi'daie fettled dcfrrn upon another man's life,
put him in a ftate of war with him againft whom
he has declared fuch an intention. Locke.

4. The idea which an artift endeavours to
execute or exprefs.

I doubt not but in the dfgm of feveral Greek
medals one may often fee the hand «f an Apelles or
Protogenes. jiddifon.

Thy hand ftrikes out fome TteMi drfign.
Where life awakes and dawns at every line. Pope*
Desi'gn ABLE. adj. [ defigno, Latin. ]
Diflinguilhable ; capable to be particu-
larly marked out.

The power of all natural agents is limited : the
mover muft be confined to ubt'ervc thefe propor-
tions, and cannot pafs over ail thefe infinite </r^n-
able degrees in an inftant. Digi-y,

Design a'tion. n.f. [defignatio, Latin.]
I. The aft of pointing or marking out by
fome particuLir token.

This is a plain dcfgnaticn of the duke of Marl-
borough : one kind of fluff ufed to fatten land is
called marie, and every body knows that borovigh
is a name for a town. Sivift.

I. Appointment ; direftion.

William thu Conijucror forbore to ufc that claim
in the beginning, but mixed it with a titulary pre-
tence, grounded upon the will and deftgnation of
Edward the CMnfelVor. Bacon.

3. Import ; intention.

Finite and infinite leem to be looked upon byt' e
mind as tlie modes of (quantity, and to be attri-
buted primarily in their firft dejtgtwilon only to thofe
th'-ngs which h.ivc parts, and are capable of in-
crc.ilV or diminution. Loci •

Desi'onedi.y. fl/v. [from difign.] Pur-
pofcly ; intentionally ; by defign or pur-
• pofe; not ignorantly ; not inadvertent-
ly ; not fortuitoufly.

Ufcs made things; that is to fay, fome things
were made dfigiudlyt and on purpofe, for fuch an
life as they ferve t.i. Ray on the Creation.

The n xt thing is fometimes dcfgnedly Xa put
children in pain ; but care muft betaken that this
be done when the child is in good humour. Locke,

Desi'gner.

D E S

Desi'cKBi. »./. [from tfe/tgii.]

I . One that deiigns, intends, or purpofes ;

a purpofer.
X. A plotter ; a .ontriver ; one that lays

fchemes.

It his therefore alwayi been both the rule and
praflice for {ach d^gners to fuborn the publick in-
tcreft, to countenance and coyer their private.

Decay ofP'tety.

^. One that forms the idea of any thing in
painting or fculpture.

There is a great affinity bet«'een deligning and
poetry; for the Latin poets, and the </;/?j&-ri of the
Roman medals, lived very near one another, and
were bred up to the fame relifli for wit and fancy.

AdJiJM.
Desi'cnino. participial adj. [from de-
Jign.'\ Infidious ; treacherous; deceit-
ful ; fraudulently artful.

*Twould fliewme poor, in'iebted, and compeird,
Difigning, mercenary ; and I know
You would not wilh to think I could be bought.

S^ufhcrn.

Desi'cnless. adj. [Uom dejign.'] With-
out intention ; without defign ; unknow-
ing ; inadvertent.

Pesi'gklessly. fl.'/f. [from defignhfs .']
Without intention ; ignorantly ; inad-
vertently.

In this great concert of his whole creation, the
iifigr.kjdj confpiring voices are as differing as the
conditions of the rel'peftive fingers. Buylt,

Desi'cnmEnt. n.f. \hoiai dejign.'\

1 . A purpofe and intent.

The fanftity of the Chriftlan religion excludes
fraud and falfehood from the dtjignmenti and aims
of irs firft promulgators. Decay cf P'lrty.

'Tis a greater credit to know the ways of capti-
vating nature, and making her fubfcrvc our pur-
pofes and Je/ignmertt, than to have learned all the
i;itrigues of policy. Clanvilte.

2. A fcheme of hollility.

News, lords ! our wars at« done !
The defperate temped hath fo bang'd the Turks,
That their dejignmti halts. Sbattjpearc.

She received advice both of the king's defperate
ellate, and of the duke's dtjignmenti againft her.

Hayward.

3. The idea, or (ketch, of a work.

The fcenc! which reprefcnt cities and countries

• mn not really fuch, bot only painted on boards and

canvifi ; but fliall that cxcufe the ill painture or

. 4'Jig'^ment of them ? Drydtn.

When abfent, yet we conquet'd in his riglit ;

For though that fomc mean arti:V8 fitill were lliown

In mingling colours, or in pbc'ing light,
Ytt ftiU the fair dejigmrcni was his own. Dryden.
Desi'radle. cdj. [from </^frr.]

1. That which is to be wiihed with ear-
neftnefs.

Adjudged cafes, toileted by m«n of great faga-
city, will improve his mind toward actjnirins this
iefirahlt amplitude and extent of thoughu fValti.

He cannot but confefs, iliat it is a thing the moft
dfjirahle to man, and moil agreeable to the good-
ncfs of God, that he ihould fend forih his light and
his truth by affcclal revelation of this will. Rogers.

2. Plcafing ; delightful.

She then let drop Ibme eiprelTions about an agate
fnuff-box : I immediately took ahe hint, ami
bought one; being unwilling to omit any thing that
might make me dejirahle in her ejc^. Add'ijm.

Our own fex, our kindreJ, our houfes, and our

very names, feem to have fomcthing good and de-

f fable in them. Waiti.

DESl'RE. n. /. [defir, Fr. defio, It.-il.

Jfjiderium, Lat.] Wi(h ; eagernefs to

obtain or enjoy.

D.fire is the uneafinefs a man finds in himfcif
upon the abfence of any thing, whofe prefent tn-
loymrnt carries the idea of delight witli it. Licke.

Vot.I.

D E S

Drink provokes, and unprovokes ; it provokes
the dejirCf but it takes away the performance.

Shakeffeare.
Dejire 's the vaft extent of human mind ;
It mounts above, and leaves poor hope behind.

Dryden.

It is in a man's power only to obferve what the

ideas are that take the'r turns In his underlland-

ing, or elfe to direct the foit, and call in fuch as

He hath a dejire or ufe of. Lake.

ToDesi're. 'V. a. [iiV/f)vr, French J deji-

derare, •1^7Ain.'\
I. To widi; to long for ; to covet.
Thou flialt not dejire the filver or gold.

Deut. vii. 25.

z. To exprefs wiflies ; to appear to long.

Jove beheld it with a dejirlng look. Dryden.

3. To aik ; to intreat.

Sir, I intreat you home with me to dinner.
.^1 humbly d>t dejire your grace of pardon ;
1 muft away this night. Sbetkjpeare.

But fince you take fuch int'reft in our woe.
And Troy's difaft'rous end dejire to know,
I will reftrain my tears, and briefly tell
What in our laft and fatal night befell. Dryden.

4. To require ; to demand. Not in ufe.

A doleful gale djirei a doleful fong.
Without vain art or curious compliments. Sf^enfer.
DESi'aER. n.f. [(:om dejire.'] One that
is eager of any thing ; a wiftier.

I will counterfeit the bewitchment cf fome po-
pular man, and give it bountifully to the dejtren.

Shakefpcizre.

Desi'rous. adj. [from dejsre.'\ Full of
defire ; eager ; longing after ; wilhing
for.

The fame piety which inaketh them that are in
authority dt/mut to pleafe and refcmble God by
jurtice, inflamcth every way mea of action with
seal to do good. HcJir.

Be not dtfiroui of his dainties ; for they are de-
ceitful meat. Prov. xxiii. 3.
Men arc dlowfy and dejircai to deep before the
fit of an ague, and yawn and llretcb. Bacon.

Adam the while,
Waiting dcfroui her return, had wove
Of choicell fljw'rs a garland. MXtsn.

Conjugal aff'eftion,
Prevailing over fear and timorous doubt,
Hath led me on, dejlrous to behold
Once more thy face. Milton.

Desi'rousness. n.f. [from de/irous. ]
Fulnefs of defire ; eagernefs. DiJl.

DESi'RousLy. adv. [from dejirous.] Ea-
gerly ; with defire ; with ardent wifhes.

Dia.
To DESrST. 1/. n. [dejijio, Latin.] Te
ceafe from any thing ; to flop : with
from.

Dejift, thou art difcern'd,
And toil'd in vain ; nnr me in vain mileft. Mi't.
Tlieie arc many who will not quit a project,
though they find it pernicious or abfurd ; but will
readily dcjif, frjm it, when they are convinced it is
imprafticabic. ^lddif<-n.

Desi'stance. n.f. [from dcjijl."] The
aft of defifting ; ceffation.

Men ufually g.vc frLclicIt where they have not
given before : and make it both the motive and
cxcufe of \\\z\xd<f fiance from giving any mote, that
they have gi\'cn already, Biyle.

DESi'rivE. adj. [dejilus, Latin.] End-
ing ; cdncludent ; final.

Inceptive and defitix'e propofitions are of this
fort : the fogsvaiiifh as the fun riles j but the fogs
have not yet begun to vanifli, therefore the fun is
not yet rilcn. Watti.

Desk. n.f. [////c^, a table, Dutch.] An
inclining table for the ufe of writers or
readers, made commonly with a box or
repoliiyry under k.

D E S

Tell her in the dejky
That 's cover'd o'er with Turkilh tapeftry.
There is a purfe of ducats. Sbakefpeare,

He is drawn leaning on a dejkf with his bible be-
fore him. IVcilton' s Anglerm
I have been obliged to leave unli.-iifhcd in my
dejk the heads of two efl'ays. Poyr/
Not tlic dcji with lilver nails.

Nor bureau of expencc.
Nor ftandir.^ well japann'd, avails

To writing of good fenfe. Stti'jt^

De'solate. adj. \_defilatus, Latin.]

1. Without inhabitants ; uninhabited.

Let us feek fome deJJate ihade, and there
Weep our fad bofoms empty. Sbakefpeare,

This hero appears at fi-ft in a dtfolate illand,
fi;ting upon the fide of the fea. BrocH^t,

2. Deprived of inhabitants ; laid waftc.

This city will be defolaie, ^vithout an inhabitant.

yer. xxvi.

3. Solitary; without focLety.

To DE'SOLATE. -v. a. [defolo, Latin.]
To deprive of inhabitants ; to lay watte ;
to make defert.

The illand of Atlantis was not fwallowed by an
earthquake, but was dijrjaicd by a particular de-
luge. ^ Bacon,

Thick around
Thunders the fport of thofe, who with the gun.
And dog impatient bounding at the (hot,
Worfe than the feafon defilaie tlie fields. Thcmfcn.

De'solately. adv. [from defalate.'\ In

a defolaie manner.
Desola'tion. n. J'. [(vova defohtie.']

1. Deliruftion of inhabitants; reduction
to Iblitude.

What with your praifes of the cnuntr;', what
with your dilcouifc of the l^ncntablc dtfolat'nn
thereof made by thofe Scots, you have filled me
with ; great companion. Sfenfer^s State of Ireland.

Without her follows to myfclf and thee,
Herfelf, the land, and many a Chrirtian foul,
Death, defolalhn, ruin, and decay. Shakefpeart.

2. Gloominefs ; fadnefs ; melancholy ;
deftitution.

That dwelling place is unnatural to mankind;
and then the tcrriblcnefs of the continual motion,
therf^/arioDofthe far being from comfort, the eye
and the ear havirig ugly images before it, dothftiU
vex the mind, even when it is beft armed again ft:
it, Sidney.

Then your haft (hall be ungartet«d, and every
thing about you denwnrtrate acarelefs defotaikn.

. St.tkejpeare»

My defolat'um does begin to make
A better life. Shake/pearl.

To complete
The fcene of dej'o/ttthn, Ihetch'd around
The grim guards iiand. "Th'tiifii:.

3. A place wafted and forfaken.

How is Babylon become a ucjolation among tbe
nations ! yer. I. 23.

DESPATR. n.f. {dcfefpoir, French.]
I . Hopeleflhefs ; dcipondence ; lafs of
hope.

hejpair is the thought of the unattiinablenefs of
any good, which works difl'ercntly in men's minds ;
fimetimcs producing uneafinefs or pain, fometimes
reft and indolency. _ Locke,

You had either never attempted this change, fet
on with hope; or never dilcovered it, ftopc «ith
dcSpaW. Sidney.

We are troubled on evary fide, yet not diftrcfl'cd j
we are perplexed, but not in defpair. 2 Cof, iv. 8.

Wc.irled, forfaken, and purfuc<i at lall.
All fafity in drjfitir of fafety plac'd,
Courage he thrr.ce rcfumes, icf >lv'd to bear
All their alTaults, fince 'tis in vain to fear. Dent.

Fqual the r flame, unequal wis their caie;
One lov'J with hope, one languiih'd with dj/'fi'-

3T

Dryden

2. Tin.

t) E S

i. That, which cauCes defpai'r; tBat ef
w'jich there is no hope.

Strangely \ili[ed )icQpIe,
All fwoln and ukLnm, pitiful to the tye 5
Ihe mere dcjf^ir oi furgerj, he cures ;
Hanging a goldirn flamp about their necks.
Put or wiili holy prayeif . SMifftare.

3. [In ihco'bgy.] Lofsof confidence in the
mercy of God.

Are not all or moft evangelical virtues and
graces in diingcr of extremes ? As there isi God
knows, too often a defcft on the one fwie, fo there
may be an cxcefs on the other : may not hope in
God, or godly forrow, be perverted intoprefumption
or JiJ'fjir ? _ Sfratt.

JoDespa'jr. i;. ». [//^o-o, Latin.] To
be without hope ; to defpond : with 0/
before a noun.

Though thou drewcft a fword at thy friend, yet
Jtjfalr not ; for tlwre may be a turning.

£cr/Bi. xxil. 21.

We commend the wit of the Chinefe, who de-

(ta'ir «/ making of gold, but are mad upon making

•r fijvcr. Boitm.

Never (/f/jsair c/'Cod!5 bleffings here, or of his

reward hereafter; but go on as you have begun.

WaU.
Despa'irer. n. f. [from defpairS\ One
without hope.

He cheers the fearful, and commends the bold,
And makes dtjfairtn hope for good I ucccfs. Drsi-

Desva'irfui.. adj. \deffair and _/««.]
Hopelefs. Obfblete.

That fweet but four dej}mrful care. Sidniy.

Other cries amongft the Irilh favour of the
Scythiaa barbarifm ; as the lamenutions of their
burials, with dejfiairful outcries. Sptsjtr,

Despa'irincly . adv. [ircm defpatring.'\
In a manner betokening hopeleffnefs or
defpondency.

He fpeaks feverely and dijfair'itigly of our fo-
ciety. Boyle.

To DESPA'TCH. -v. a. [depefchir, Fr.]

1. To fend away haftily.

Doflor Theodore Coleby, a fober man, I dif-
patched - immediately to Utrecht, to bring the
moxa, and learn the exaS method of ufing it.

Temfle.

The good JEncis, whofe paternal care.
lulus' abfence could no longer bear,
Dcffatch'd Achates to the Ihips in hafle,
To give a glad relation of the part. Dryder.

2. To fend out of the world; to put to
death.

£dmund, I think, is gone.
In pity of his mifery, to dtffalcb
His knighted life. Shahfpeare.

And the company (hall ftone them with (tones,
»tiidtfpaUh\.\i^mv,'\X.ht.W\t{vioxii. Ezik.xxiW.^j.

In combating, but two of you will fall;
And we refolve we will Hrjpatcb you all. Drydeti.

Dtfpatcb me <)uickiy, 1 may death forgive ;
1 (hail grow tender elf;, and wifti to live. D&ydct.,

3. To perform a bufinefs quickly : as, 1
difpatcbcd isvj affairs, and ran hither.

Therefore commanded he his chariot-man to
drive without ceaiing, and to Jefpaith the journey,
the judgment of God now following him.

2 Mac. ix. 4.
No fuoner is one a£tion difpauhd, which, by
fuch a determination as the will, we are fet upon,
but another untafinefs is ready to fet us on wrrlc.

Licke.

4. To conclude an affair with another.

What, arc the brothers parted ?

They hivedijfutci'd with Pompcy ; he 15 gone.

Sbakffpcari.

Despa'tch. «./. [from the verb.]

1 . Ilally execution ; fpeedy performance.

Atfii^lcd dtjpatih is one of the a\uH dangerous
things to buiir.efs that lan be. Bacm,

7

D E S

You'd fee, could you her inward motions watch,
Feigning delay, (be wi(hcs for dijpatch ;
Then to a woman's meaning would you loo)c.
Then read her backward. Granvi/le.

The dffpnicb of a good office is very often a! be-
neficial to lire folicitor a«,the good office itfdf.

Mdifcn.

2. Conduft ; management. Obfolete.

Vou (hall put
This night's great bufinefs into my defpaich,
V.'hioh (hall, to all our nights and' days to come,
Give folely fovercign fway and mafterdom. Sbak.

3. Exprefs ; hafty meflenger or meflage :
as, defpatches wtie fent away.

Despa'tcmfui,. adj. [from de/patchj]
Bent on hafle ; intent on fpeedy execu-
tion of bufinefs.

So faying, with drfpiitchful \0nk3 in hade
She turns, on hofpitabie thoughts intent. Afiltcn.

L^ one difpiitcbfu! bid fome fwain to lead
A well fed bullock from the gra(ry mead. Pcpe,

DE'SPERATE. adj. [de/peratus, Latin.]

1. Without hope.

Since his cxiie (he hath defpis'd me moft ;
Forfworn my company, and rail'd at me.
That I am dcfperate of obtaining her. Sbjiefpeere.

2. Without care of fafety ; ra(h ; precipi-
tant ; fearlefs of danger.

Can you think, my lords.
That any Englilhman dare give me counfel.
Or be a known friend 'gainft his higbnefs' pleafore.
Though he be grown fo dijpcrate to be honefl.
And live a fubjcft ? Sbnkefpeare.

He who goes on without any care or thought of
reforming, fuch an one we vulgarly call a dejperate
perfon, and that fare is a moft damning (in.

Hammovd.

3. Irretrievable; unfurmountable ; irre-
coverable.

Thefe debts may be well called dejperate ones ;
for a mad man owes them. Sbakefpenre.

In a part of Afia the fick, when their cafe comes
to be thought </t/jt>fr<!rf, are carried out and laid on
the earth, before they are dead, and left there.

Locke.

I am a man of dejperate fortunes, that is, a man
whofe friends are dead ; for I never aimed . at any
other fortune than in friends. Pope to Sivijt.

4.. Mad ; hot-brained ; furious.

Were it not the part of a dijpcrate phyficlan to
wi(h hij friend dead, rather than to apply the bcft
endeavours of his (kill for his recovery ?

Spenfer^s Stale oj Ireland.

5, It is fometimes ufed in a fenfe nearly
ludicrous, and only marks any bad qua-
lity predominating in a high degree.

Concluding all mere dcjp'ratt fots and fools.
That durft depart from Ariftotle's rules. Pcrpe.
De'sperately. adv. [ from defperate. ]

1. Furioufly ; madly; without attention
to fafety or danger.

Your eldeft daughters have foredone thcmfelves.
And dtjp'rately are dead. Shakejpeare.

There might be fomewhat in it, that he would

not have done, or de(ircd undone, when he broke

forth as dcjperctely as before he had done uncivilly.

Brctun's Vulgar Errours.

2. In a great degree ; violently : this fenfe
is ludicrous.

She fell difperately in love with him, and took a
voyage into Sicily in purfuit of him. j^dijon.

De'sperateness. n.f. [from dejperate. "^
Madnefs ; fury ; precipitance.

The going on not only in tcrrours and amaze-
ment of confcience, but alfo boldly, hopihgly, con-
fidently, in wilful habits of fin, is cal'cd a dejpe-
ratenjs alfo ; and the more bold thus, the more
defperate. Hammond.

Despera'tion. «. /. [from defperate.']
Hopeleffnefs; defpair; defpondency.

D E 5

Dejperatwn
Is all the policy, ftrength, and defence,
That Rome can make agaln(V them. Sbakefpeare~.
As long as we are guilty of any pall fin, and
have no promife of remilTion, whatever our future
care be, this dcfpcrathn of fuccefs chills all our in-
duftry, and we fin on bceaufc we have finned.

Hammond*

DE'SPICABLE. adj. [de/picaiilh, Lat.]
Contemptible ; vile ; mean ; fordid j
worthlefs. It h applied. equally to per*
fon« or things.

Our cafe were miferable, ifthat wherewitKwe
molt endeavour to plcafe God were in his fight fo
' vile and dejpicaile as men's difdainful fpecch would
make it. Hooker.

Their heads as low
B^w'd down in battle,^ funk before tlie fpears
Of defpicah/e foes. Milut.

AH th' earth he gave thee to polTefs and rule.
No dejpkahle gift. Ml/tar.

Not lefs cv'n in this defpicabU hero.
Than when my name (hook Africk with a(&ight, ,
And froze your hearts beneath your torrid zone.

Drydeiu
All the quiet that could be cxpefied from, fuch a
reign, muft be the refult of abfohjte power on the.
one hand, and a diJpUabie (lavery on the other.

jiddifon.
When men of rank and figure pafs away their
lives in criminal purfuits and pra^ices, they ren-
der thcmfelves more vile and defpkahU than any
innocent man can be, whatever low (latioo his for-
tune and birth have placed him in. jiddijan,
De'spicableness. ». /. [from defpicar-
He.] Meannefs ; vilenefs j worthleff-
nefs.

We confider the great difproportlon between the
infinity of the reward and ihc dejpicahlenejs of pur
, fervice. Decay of Piety.

De'spicably. adv. [from dejpicable.'\ ^
Meanly ; fordidly ; vilely.

Here wanton Naples crowns the happy (hore.
Nor vainly rich, nor defpicably poor ; - .

The town in foft folcmnities delights.
And gentle poets to her arms invites. Addifcn.
Despi'sable. adj. [from defpife."] Con-
temptible; defpicable ; regarded with,
contempt. .\ word fcarcely ufed but ia.
low converfation.

I am obliged to you for taking notice of a poof-
old diftrclTcd courtier, commonly the moft dtjpif-
ahle thint; in the world. Arbutbr.ot to Pope.

To DESPl'SE. v. a. [defpifer, old French, ,
Skinner; defpicii, Latin.]

1 . To fcorn ; to contemn ; to flight ; to
difrefpeft.

For, lo, I will make thee fmaU among the hea-.
then, and dfpifed among men. Jer. xiix. 1 5.

My fons their old unhappy fire defpije,
Spoil'd of his kingdom, and depriv'd of eyes. Pjtpe,

2. In Shakejpeare it (eems once to fignify
abhor, as from the Italian defpettare.

Let not your ears dejp'ije my tongue for ever,'
Which (hall pod'el's them with the heavieft found
That ever yet they heard. Sbakefpelre,

Despi'ser. n.f. [from defpife."] Con-
temner; fcorner.

Art thou thus bolJcn'd, man, by thy difirefs,
Or elfc a rude */f;^j/cr of good manners.
That in civility thou feem'd fo empty .' Sbakejp*

Wifdom is commonly, at long running, juftified
even of her defpijin. Government of the Tongue.

Thus the athcills, libertines, and d.jfijers oi ce~
ligion, ufually pal's under the name of free,
thinkers. Sivifr.

DESPI'TE. n.f. [fp:jt,Datchi de'pit.Fr.]
I. Malice; anger; malignity} malici-
oufnefs ; fplcen ; hatred.
Thou wretch ! dejpiie o'erwlielm thcc !

ibakefpeire.

D E S

'Wth men the(e confiderations .-.re nfually the

-caufcs o( deffue, difdaln^ or avcrfion from others;

but with God they pafs for reafons of our greater

, tenderness towards 'thers. Spratt,

3. Defiance ; unlubdue.d oppodtion.

The life, tliou gav'ft inc firft, was loft and done ;
Till with thy war like fword, deffjre of fate,
Tomydetermin'd time thou gav'ft new date. Shah

My life thou (halt command, but not my fhame ;
The one my duty owes; bu: my fair name,
Di/'file of death, that lives upon my grave,
' To dark difiionour's ufe thou (halt not hxrt. Shai.

Know I will ferve the fair in thy diffite. DryJ.

I have not quitted yet a vi«£lor's right ;
-I*il make you happy in your own defpUe, Drydar*

Say, would the tender creature, in de/ftte
Of heat by day, and chilling dews by night.
Its life maintain ? Blacimere.

Thou, with rebel infolence, didft dare
To own and to protedt that hoary ruffian ;
And, in deff.iit ey'nof tby father's jufticc.
To ftir the faftious rabble up to arm', Rowt.

3. Aft of malice ; aft of oppofition.

His punifliment, eternal milery.
It would be all his folace and revenge.
As a dtffitc done againft the Moft High,
Thee once to gain companion of his woe. MlUor.
To Despi'te. -v. a. [from the noun.] To
vex ; to offend ; to difappoint ; to give
uneaCnefs to.

Saturn, with his wife Rhea, ded by night ; fet-
ting the lown on fire, to dcMie Bacchus. Ra/figh.
Despi'teful. atij. [tie/fite and /u/l.]
Malicious ; full of fpleen ; full of hate ;
malignant ; mifchievous : ufed both of
perfor.s and things.

I, his deffUeful Juno, fcnt him forth
From courtly friends with camping foes to live,
Where death and danger dog the heels of worth.

Shakrjpearf,

Preferve \a from the hands of our drffittful ani
Jeadly enemies. ^'"F Charlii.

Mean while the heinous and defyittfuri&.
Of Satan, done in Paradife, was known
In heav'n. M}llen.

Despi'tefully. aJ-v, [ham de/piteful.]
Malicioufly ; malignantly.

Pray for them that drfpiitfullj ufe you and per-
fecute you. Matthnv, v. 44.

Despi'tefulness. n. /, [ frtm defpite-
fttl.^ Malice ; hate ; malignity.

Let us examine him with drjfilcfulntjt and tor-
ture, that we know his meeknefs, and prove his
patience. fVifd. ii. 19.

IJespi'teous. adj. [from defpite.'\ Ma-
licious ; forions. A word now out of ufe.
The knight of the red-crofs, when him he fpicd
Sparring fo hot with rage difp'tmus,
"Can fairly couch his fpcar. Fair^ ^nr.

Turning defpitecui torture out of door. ' Shaktjp.
Despi'teously. ad'v. [from defpittous .'\
In a furious manner : not in ufe.

The mortal fteel deff'naujly entail'd
Deep in their flc(h, quite thro' the iron walls,
That a large purple (Iream adown their giambeux
falls. Sfenfir.

ro DESPO'IL. 'V. a. [de/pollc, Lat.]
I. To rob ; to deprive : witTi of.

Veffoird 0/ vnrVikc arms, and knowen (hield.

Spfnfer,
You are nobly born,
Vih'/iled tf your honour in your life. Hhahffrart.

lie waits, with hellifh rancour im.-ninent.
To intercept thy way, or fend thee back
Dej'ftild »/ innocence., of faith, of blifs. Mihn.

He, pale as death, deJfcU'd of Wis an ay,
Into the queen's apartment takes his way. Drjd.

Ev';i now thy *d,
"lugene, with regiments unequal preft,
Awiits ! this day a/all his honours gain'd
Dc/poilt him, if t'ly fuccour oppoituDC
thleaiii not the fad hour. FbUI'tpt.

D E S

2. To diveft by any accident.

Thefc formed ftoncs, </f//i«'W 0/" their (hells, and
expofed upon the furface of the ground, in time
moulder away, K^ocdieard.

3. Simply to llrip : not in ufe.

A groom 'gjn de'pcil

OfpuilTant arms, and laid in ealy bed. Sfieafer.
DispoLl a'tion. «. / [from defpoUo, LaV,]

The aft of defpoiling orftripniner.
To DESPO'ND. -v. a. ideffondco, Lat.]

1 . Tc defpair ; to lofe hope ; to become
hopelefs or defperate.

It is every man's duty to labour in his cabling,
and not to dijprd for any mifcarriages or difap-
pointments that were not in his own power tu
Prs^'^nt- . L-EJIrapge.

There is no furer remedy for fuperftitious and
dcjfond'mg weakn«»'s, than tirft to govern ourlelves
by the beft irapt«vement of that rcafon which pro-
vidence has given us for a guide ; ard then, when
we have done our own parts, to commit all chear-
fully, for the reft, to the good pleafure of heaven,
with truft and refignation. L'Efirangc.

Phyfick is their bane :
The learned leaches in defpair depart.
And (hake their heads, dtff ending ot thtir art. Dryd.

Others deprefs their own mi'nds, dcfpcnd at the
firft di(Sculty; and conclude, that making any
prpgrefs in knowledge, f .rthcr than fervcs their or-
dinary bufinefj, is above their capacities. Locke.

2. [In theology.] To lofe hope of the
divine mercy.

He confiders what is tlie natural tendency of
fuch a -virtue, or fuch a vice : he is well apprized
that the reprefentation of fome of thefe things mav
convince the underftanding, fome may terrify the
confcience, fome may allure the flothful, and fome
encourage the diffondng mind. Watts.

Despo'ndency. »./. [from dejpondent.]
Defpair; hopeleflnefs ; defperaticn.

Despo'ndent. adj. [de/poftdens, Lum.]
Defpairing ; hopelefs ; without hope.

It is well known, both fnim ancient and mo-
dern experience, that the ve:y boldeft athcifts, out
of their debauches and company, when they chance
to be furprifed with folitude or fickncfs, «re the
moft fufpicious, timorous, and deffsndatt wretches
in the world. ' Sttitlcy.

Congregated thru(hes, linnets, ftt
On the dead tree, a dull dtffimdni flock. Ttmfn.

To DESPO'NSATE. -v. a. Idefponfi, Lat.]
To betroth ; to afHance ; to iaiiite by
reciprocal promifes of marriage.
Desponsa'tion. It. f. [from de/pon/ale.]
The aft of betrothing perfons to each
other.
DE'SPOT. »./ [Jj,^„i;.] An abfolute
prince ; one that governs with unlimited
authority. This word is not in ufe, ex-
cept as applied to fome Dacian prince j
as, the d^fpot of Servia.
Despo'tical. 7 «<?>■. [from z/^/^fl/.] Ab-
Despo'tick. 3 folute in power; unli-
mited in authority ; arbitrary ; unac-
countable.

God's univcrfal law
Guve to the man dtjpcikk power
Over his female in due awe,
Nor from that right to part an hour.
Smile (he or lowre. Milroti.

In all its directions of the inferior faculties,
reafon conveyed its fuggeftions with clearncfs, and
enjom'-d them witii power : it had the paffions in
perfcfl fubjcflion ; though its command over them
was but pcrfualive and political, yet it had the force
of coaflive and dr/foikal. Scrub.

We may fee in a neighbouring government the
ill confcqucnces of having a dcfpotkk prince j for
notv/ithftanding there is vaft ex:cnt of lanrfs, and
many of Uieia better ihaa Uinfc «f the SwiU and

D E 5"

Crifons, the common people among the latter ate

in a much batter fituation. Addifon,

Patriots were forced to give way to the ni idnefs

of the people, who were now wholly bent upoa

fingle and dr/poikk fiaverj. . .Sivfc,

Despo'ticalness. n. /. [from dcfpoti-

(■«/.] Abfolute authority.
De'spotism. n.f. [defpotifme, Fr. from

defpot.'] Abfolute power.
To DESPU'MATE. f . «. [de/pumo, Lat.]
To throiv oiF parts in foam ; to froth ;
to work.
DEspuMA'-notf. n.f. [from defpumate.]

The aft of tlwowing oiFexcrementitious

parts in fcum or foam.
Desquama'tion. n. /. [{rom. /quanta,

Latin.] The aft of fcaling foul bones.

A term of chirurgery^
Desse'rt. n.f. [de/erte, French.] The

laft courfe at an entertainment; the

fruit or fweetmeats fet on the table after

the meat.

To give thee all thy due, thou haft the art
To make a fupper with a (ine Jf[rert. Diydm.

At your def/irt bright pewter comes too late.
When your Ijrft couife was well lerv'd up in plate.

To DE'STINATE. -v. a. [defim, Lat.]''fo
defign for any particular end or purpofe.

Birds are dtftir.ated to Hy among the branches of

trees and bulhes. Ray o„ tht Creatkn.

Dest:na'tion. ». /. [from def/natf.]

The purpofe for which any thing is ap-

pointed ; the ultimate defign.

The pafTagcs through which fpirits are conveyed
to the members, being almoft infinite, and each of
them drawn through fo many meanders, it is won-
derful that they (hould perform their regular rfey?,-
isatkrs without lofirg their way. Clanvillr.

Thci-e is a great variety of apprehcnfions and
fancies of men, in tht drjliralion and application of
tilings to fcveral ends ajid ufes. I/alt.

To De'stine. -v. a. [dep'no, Latin.]

1. To doom ; to devote; to appoint unal-
terably to any Hate or condition.

Wherefore ceafc we then ?
Say thay who counfel war : we arc decreed,
Referv'd, and d./liti'd to eternal woe ;
Whatever doing, what can we fufjer more? A/;*.

All altars fjame; before each altar lies,
Drench'd in his gore, the dtfth'd facrifice. DryJ,

2. To appoint to any ule or purpofe.

^ Too thin blood ftrays into the immediately fubor-
dinate velTels, which are d.fmed to carry humourl
fecreted from the blond. Ariutbtic, cr. Mmnls.

3. To devote ; to doom to puniilimcnt or
mifery : ufed ablblutely.

May heav'n around this dejlm'd head
The choiceft of its curfes /lied. Prior.

4. To fix unalterably.

The infernal judges dreadful pow'r
From the dark urn ihall throw thy dijliti'd hour.

De'stiny. n.f. {deftmee, French.]
I. The power that fpins the life, and de-
termines the fate, of living beings.

Thou art neither like thy fire or dam-
But, like a foul mif-(hapen ftigmat'ck,
Mark'd by the drfthncs to be avoided. Shakcfptart.
z. Fate ; invincible neceffifcy.

He faid, dear daughter, rightly may I rue
The fall of famous children born of me •
But who can turn the ftveam of dcftiyi. '
Or break the chain of ftrong necfliity,
Which fa!i is tied to Jove's ;:ternal feat? F^thy 9
How can hearts, not free, be tried whether tW
fervc a

Willin?: or no, who will but what they m\i{i
By deji.nj, and c«] no o her chufe? Uilien.

3 ^ a H*i

D E S

Had th; great tiiftmy but g]vcn thee ficill
To know, as well as pow'r to a<l,her will. Dnb,

Chance, or forceful dijimy.
Which formi \a caufet fait whatc'cr ihall be.

DryJin

3. Doom ; condition in future time.

At the pit (if Acheron
Meet me i' th' morning : thither he
Wi 1 eome to know his tl^/firy, Shaielfiare,

DE'STITUTE. aJJ. [dejiituiuj, Latin.]

1 . Forfaken ; abandoned : with of.

To fjrfalte the true God of heaven, is to fall
into all fuch evils upon the face nf the eaith, as
men, either dcf.\iate »f %m^ divine, may commit,
or unpotefted fr m abive, may endure. lioekcr.

2. Abjeft ; friendlefs.

He will t< gild the prayer of the ilr/!lrutr, and
not defpife their prayer. PijIk cii. 17.

3. In want of.

T-iUe the HeftinM %vay

To iinj the regions JiJIirutroi djy. Tiryjn,

Nothing can he a greater intt^nce of the love

that mankind has for liberty, than fuch a favage

mrunuin covered with people, and the Campania

of Rome, which lies in the fame country, Jeftitute

c/* inhabitants. MJlfrr.

Des tito'tion. w. /. [from deftituie.'\

Want ; the ftate in which fomething is

wanted : applied to perfons.

. That dcJUtui'um in food and rloathing is fuch an
impediment, as, till it be removed, fuff'erelh not
the mind of man to admit any other care. Hociir.

They which want furtherance unto knowledge,
are not left in fo great dtJIUutkn, that juftly any
man fliould think the ordinary means of eternal
life taken from them. Hoohr.

The order of paying the debts of contrail or re-
Aitution is fet down by the civil laws of a king-
dom ; indeJUtution or want of fuch rules, we are to
obfcrve the neceflity of the creditor, the time of the
delay, and the fpecial obligations of friend Ihi p.

Taylor,

To DESTRO'Y. <y. a. [Jejiruo, Latin;
defiruire, French.]

1 . To overturn a city ; to raze a build-
ing ; to ruin.

The Lord will deflrcy this city. Gen, rix. 14.

2. To lay wafte ; to make defolate.

Solyman fent his army, which burnt and dt-
Jlrvitd the country villages. KntlUi,

3. To kill.

A people, great and many, and tall as the Ana-
kims j but the Lord dtjinytd them before them,
and they fucceeded them, and dwelt in their Head.

Deut. ii. 21.

'Tis Cifer to be that which we defircy.
Than by deftrufiion dwell in doubtful joy. Shak,

The wife Providence hath placed a certain anti-
pathy between fome animals and many infef^s,
whereby they delight in their dcllruftion, though
thry ufe them not as food } as the peacock d<firiyi
fnakes and adders ; the wcafel, mice and rats ;
fpiders, flici j and fome forts of Hies dtfiroy fpiders.

Halt.

4. To put an end to ; to bring to nought.

Do we not fee that flithful, intemperate, and
incontinent perfons dijiny their bodies with dif-
eafcs, their reputations with difgrace, and their
iaculcin with want i Bcntlcy.

There wiU be as many fovereigns as fathers :
the mother too hath her title, which dtfroyi the
foveteignty of one fupreme monarch. Locke.

Destro'ver. n. f. [from dcftroy.'] The
perfon that dellroys or lays walle ; a
murderer.

h is faid, that AfTurboth founded it and ruined

4 it : it may be undcrllood, that AITur the founder

was the fon of Sbcm, and Alfur the diflrcyir was

an AITyrian. Raliigh.

Triumph, to be llyl'd greatfConquerort,
Patrons of mankind, gods, and font of gods!
Oiftreytri righUier call'J, and Aayeri of men.

Mtlm,

D E S

Yet, guiltlefj too, this bright dtjirtyir UvM (
At random wounds, nor knows the wound ibe givet.

Poft.
DESTRU'CTIBLE. adj. [ from dtjiruo,

Latin.] Liable to deftruAion.
Destructi bi'lity. n.f. [from dejlruc-

tible.'] Liablencfs to deftruftion.
DtsTRu'cTiON. n. f. \dcJlrueilo, Latin.]

1. The aft of deftroying; fubverfion; de-
molition.

2. Murder ; mafTacre.

'Tis fafrr to be that which we deftroy,
TKan by di-JtiuSIion dwell in doubtful joy, Shak.

3 . The ftate of being deflroyed 5 ruin ;
murder fuffered.

Jf that your moody difcontented fouls
Do through the clouds behold this prefcnt hour,
Even for revenge mock my dcjlrujfion. Sbakejp.
When that which we immortal thought,
We faw fo near deJlruBion brought.
We felt what you did then endure.
And tremble yet, as not fecure. IValter.

4. The caufe of deftruftion ; a deftroyer ;
a depopulator : as a confuming plague.

The deJiruCiion that walleth at noon-day.

PJalm xci. 6.

5. [In theology.] Eternal death.

Broad is the way that Icadeth to de/lruftlon.

Matihtiv.
Destru'ctive. adj. \_deJiruQi'vus, low
Latin.]

1. That which dellroys ; wafteful ; caufing
ruin and devaftation ; that which brings
to deftruftion.

In ports and roads remote,
DiJIriiUme fires among whole fleets we fend.

Drydin,

One may think that the continuation of exift-

ence, with a kind of refinance to any dejiruEl'we

force, is the continuation of folidlty. Lccke.

2. With of.

He will put an end to fo abfurd a praftice,
which makes our moft refined diverCons dijlrufilvc
fl/" all politcnefs. Addijott.

Poth are defeats equally dtftruHivc n/true reli-
gion. Kogert.

3. With to.

In a firm building, even the cavities ought not
to be filled with rubbilh, which is of a perifhablc
kind, dcflruUiiie to the ftrength. Drydm.

Excefs of cold, as well as heat, pains us ; bc-
caufe it is equiilly dejtru^ive to that temper which
is necefliry to the prefervation of life. Lockt.

Destru'ctively. ad-v. [from dtftruc-
ti've.'\ Ruinoufly ; mifchievoufly ; with
power to deilroy.

•What remains but to breathe out Mofes'swifh ?
O that men were not fo drjlruli'mtly foolifh !

Decay cf Piety.

Destru'ctiveness. n.f. [from defiruc-
tive.'] The quality of deftroying or ruin-
ing.

The vice of profcfTors exceeds the dtfiruHivenefs
of the mod hollilc alTaults, as intcfline treachery
is more ruinous than foreign violence.

De:ay of Piety.

Destru'ctor. n.f, [from /(t/?rff)i.i De-
ftroyer ; confuraer.

Helmont wittily calls the fire the deJIruHtr and
the artificial death of things. Boyle,

Desuda'tion. n.f. \defudatio, Lat.] A
profufe and inordinate fwcating, from
what caufe foever.

De'suetude. n.f. \defuttudo, Lat.] Cef-
fation to be accuftomed ; difcontinuance
of praftice or habit.

By the irruption of nuffleroui armies of barba-
rous people, thofc countries were quickly fallen efi',

D E T

with birbarifm and difuttvir, from their former
civility and knowledge. Halt.

We fee in all things how iefuetude ioet contraft
and narrow our faculties, fo that we can apprehend
only thofe things wherein we areconvcrfant.

Government of the 7crgue.

De'stJLTORY. ? <"^' [defultariits, Lat.]

Desulto'rious. j Roving from thing to

thing ; unfettled ; immethodical ; un-

conftant. Defultoricus is not in ufe.

'Tis not for a dejulttry thought to atone for a
lewd coutfe of life; nor for any thing but tl;e fu-
pcrinducing of a virtuous habit upon a vicious one,
to qualify an e/Tedual converfion. L'EJtrangt.
Let but the leafl triRe crofs his way, and his
defuliorious fancy prefently takes the fcent, leaves
the unfinilhcd and half-mangled notion, and fkips
away in purfuit of the new game. Nfrrii*

Take my difuJiory thoughts in their native order,
as they rife in my mind, witliout being reduced to
rules, and raarlhalled according to art.

Felten cm the Cla^ikt*
To Desu'me. 1;. a. [dcfumo, Lzt'in,] To
take from any thing ; to borrow.

This pebble doth fuppofc, as pre-exillcnt to it,
the more fimple matter out of which it is dejumtd,
the heat and influence of the fun, and the due pre-
paration of the matter. lisle.

They have left us relations fuitable to thofc of
Julian and Pliny, whence they dejumcd their nar-
rations. Brcwn.

Laws, if convenient and ufeful, are never the
worfe though they be defatncd and taken from tho
laws of other countries. Halt.

To DETA'CH. -v. a. [detacher, Fr.]

1 . To feparate ; to difengage ; to part
from fomething.

The heat takes along with it a fort of vegetative
and terrcftrial matter, which it dtiacbes from the
uppermofl flratum. IVoodtvard.

The feveral parts of it are detached one from the
other, and yet join again one cannot tell how. Pcfe,

2. To fend out part of a 'greater body of
men on an expedition.

If ten men are in war with forty, and the latter
detach only an equal number to the engagement,
what benefit do they receive from their fuperio-
rity ? Mdijon,

Deta'chment. n.f, [horn dttacb.'] A
body of troops Tent out from the roaia
army.

The czar difpatched inftruflions to fend out
detachmnis of his cavalry, to prevent the king of
Sweden's joining his army. Tatler, No 55.

Befides materials, which arc brute and blind.
Did not this work require a knowing mind.
Who for the ta(k Owuld fit dttacbmatti chufe
From all the atoms ? Blackmort.

To DETA'IL. -v. a. [detainer, Fr.] To
relate particularly ; to particularife ; to
difplay minutely and diftindly.

They will perceive the miltakes of thefe pbilo-
fophers, and be able to anfwcr their arguments,
without my being obliged to detail them. Cbeynt.

Deta'ii.. n. f. [detail, Fr.] A minute
and particular account.

I chufe, rather than trouble the reader with a
detail here, to defer them to their proper place.

tVoodtvaritm

I was unable to treat this part nf my fubjed

more in detail, without becoming dry and tcdiout*

Pofe,
To DETA'IN. t;. a. [detinco, Lat.]

1. To keep that which belongs to mother.

Detain not the v.Mgcs of the hireling j for every
degree of detention of it, beyond the time, is in-
juftice and uncharitablenefs. laylnt.,

2. To withhold ; to keep back.

Thefe doings fting him
So vcnomouHy, that burning fhame detains him
From his Cordelia. Stakifpiari.

He

D E T

He has defcribed the paflion of Calypfo, *id the
indecent advances (be made to Jitain him Irom his
countrfi Brxme.

3. To reftrain frorr departare.

Let us rfcMfu thee until we fliill have made ready
a kid. J'l^g'h "'"• '5-

Had Orpheus fung it in the nether fphere,
S3 much the hymn had pkas'd the tyrant's ear.
The wife had been ^.aa'm'd tu keep her hulkand
there. Vrjdtr..

4. To hold in cuftody.
Deta'inder. «. /. [{rom detain.'] "The

name of a writ for holding one in cXil-
tody.
Deta'iner. n.y; [from detain.'] He that
holds back any one's right ; he that de-
tains any thing.

Judge of the obligation that lies upon all forts of
injurious perfunsj the facritcgious, the Jiiajn^rs of
tithes, and cheaters of men's inheritances. Tajliir.

ro DETE'CT. 'v. a. [deteaus, Lat.]
1. To difcover ; to find oat any crime or
artifice.

There 's no true lover in the foreft ; elfe fighing
every minute, and groaning every hour, would tic-
ttH the lazy foot of time as well as a dock. Shak.

Though ihould 1 hold my peace, yet thou
Wonldft cafily Huc^ what I conceal. Millcn.

a. To difcover in general.

The utmoll infinite ramificatinns and inofcula-
tionsof all the feveril forts of veiTcIs may eafily be
dtttatd by glades. Ray.

Dete'cter. n. /. [from, deted.] A dif-
coverer ; one that finds out what another
deiires to hide.

Oh, heavens ! that this treafoD were not ; or

liot I the daiSler. Sbakiffmre.

Hypocrify has a ftcret hatred of its deitCltr ;

that which will bring it to a teft which it cannot

pafs. Dtcaj of Fitly.

Dete'ction. n. /. [from delta.]

1 . Difcovery of guilt or fraud, or any other
fault.

Should I come to her with any ^.ntlion in my
hand, 1 could drive her then from the ward of her
purity. Shukifpeare.

That is a fign of the true evangelical zeal, and
note for the dtnlikn of its contrary : it IhouM
abound more in the mild and good-natured affec-
tions, than in the vehement and wrathful pafltons.

SfrJt!.

DeftH'tin of the incoherence of loofe difcourfes
was wholly owing to the fyll0giftic.1l form. Leek.'.

2. Difcovery of any thing hidden.

Not only the fca, but rivers and rains alfo, are
inflrumental to the deteSien of amber, and other
fofiils, by wailing away the earth and dirt that
concealed them. H^oodtvard.

Dete'ntion. n. /. [(torn detain.]
I. The a£V of keeping what belongs to
anoth^.

How goes the world, that I am thus encount'red
"With clam'rous claims of debt, of broken bonds,
And the detentKn of long fince due debts,
Agiinft my honour ? Sbakefpeare.

3. Confinement ; reftraint.

This w.irketh by diteniion of the fpitits, and
cunftipation of the tangible parts. Bac^n.

y» DETE'R. v, a. [deieneo, Lat.] To
difcourage by terrour ; to fright from
any thing.

1 never yet the tragick ftrain alTay'd,
Dtliri'd by thy inimitable maid. Waller.

Many and potent enemies tempt and deter us
from our duty j yet our cafe is not hard, fo long as
we have a greater ftrength on our fide. Tilbijon.

Beauty or ur.becomingncfs are of more force to
draw or dtler imiution, than any difcourfes which
«aa be made to them. Luke.

D E T

The ladles may net be deterred from correlpond-

ing with me by this method. j^dd'ifon.

My own face deters me from my glafs j
And K.neller only fecws what CelJa was. Prior.

To DETE'RGE. -v. a. [deterge, Lat.] To
cleanfe a fore ; to purge any part from
feculence or obftrudlions.

CondJer the part and habit of body, and add or
diminiih your iimples as you deiign to deterge or
incarn. IViJeman.

Sea fait preferves bodies, through which it
padeth, from corruption j and it detergrth the vef-
ieis, and keeps the fluids from putrefaction.

Arbuthnot.

Dete'rgent. adj. [iroTH deterge .] That
which cleanfes.

The food ought to be nourifliing and detergent.

Arbuthr.ot.
Deterioba'tiok. n. f. [from deter: or,
Lat.] The aft of making any thing
worfe ; the ftate of growing iVorfe.
Dete'rment. «. y. [from deter.] Caufe
of difcouragement ; that by which one
is deterred. A good word, but not now
ufed.

This will not be thought a difcouragement unto
fpirits, which endeavour to advantage nature by
art; nor will the ill fuccefs of fomc be made a
fuflicicnt determent unto others. Broions ^i^^g' ^tr.

Thcfe are not all the determtnti that oppoled my
obeying you. Boyle.

Detc'rmin ABLE. adj. [fmm determine.]
That which may be certainly decided.

WhMhcr all plants have feeds, were mote ealily
d/ttrminahle, if we could conclude conceding harts-
tongue, feme, and lame others.

Brozvti'i Vulgar Erroun,

About this matter, which feems fo eafily deter-
minable by Icnfc, accurate and feber men widely
dilagree. , B^.yle.

To DETE'RMINATE. -v. a. [determiner,
French.] To limit ; to fix ; to deter-
mine ; to terminate : not in ufe.

The fly- [low hours ihall not determittate
The datelefs limit of thy dear exile. Shukeffeare.

Dete'rmin ATE. adj. [determinatus, Lz-
tin.]

1. Settled; definite; determined.

Demonftrations in numbers, if they are not
more evident and exad than in extenfion, yet
they art: more general in their ufe, and determi-
nate in their application. Locke.

To make lUl the planets move about the fun in
circular orbs, there muft be given to each, by a Je-
tcrmir.jte impulfe, thofe prefent particular degrees
of velocity wiiich they row have, in proportion to
their diftauccs from the fun, and to the quantity
of the folar matter. Bentley,

2. Eftablilhed ; fettled by rule ; pofuive.

Scripture; arc read before the time of divine
fervice, and without eitht^r choice or flint ap-
pointed by any determinate order. liooktr.

3. Decifive ; conclufive.

r tir p.ogtcfs of this bufmcfs.
Ere a dtterm'tnate refolution, he,
1 mean the bilhop, did require a refpite. Shakeffi.

4.. Fixed ; refolute.

Like men difufed in a long peace, more deter-
minaie to do, than Ikilful how to do. Sidney.

5. Refolved.

My determinate voyage i» mere extravagancy.

Siakefjfteare.
D E T e' R M I N A T E L y . adv. [from determi-
nate.]
I. Refolutcly ; with fixed refolve.

The queen obeyed the king's commandment,
full of raging agonies, and determinate/y bent that
Ihe would Icck al] loving mcaat to win Zclm:Mii'.

Sidniy.

D E T

In thofe errors they are fo determinate/y fettled,
that they pay unto fallity the whole fum of what-
foever love is owing unto God's truth. hooker.

2. Certainly ; unchangeably.

Think thus with youileives, that you have not
the making of things true or falfe ; but that the
truth and exiftence of t'ninijs is already fixed and
fettled, and that the principles of religion are al-
ready either determinate/y true or falfe, before you
think of them. Tillor/on.

D e T E r M I N a't ion. n. /. [from determi-
nate. ]

1. Abfolute direftion to a certain end.

When Wi voluntarily wafte much of our lives,
that remiffncfs can by no means confift with a
conftant determination of will or defire to the great-
eft apparent good. L'-^cke,

2. The refult of deliberation ; conclufion
formed ; refolution taken.

They have acquainxd me with their deternsinj-
tion, which is to go home, and trouble you no-
more. . Sbakcheare'! Merchant of Venice.

The proper adls of the intellcdl are intclleflion,
deliberation, and dcterminaticn ov decifion.

Bale's Origin of Mankind.

It is much difputed by divines, concerning the
power of man's will to good and evil in the l^ats
of innocence ; and upon very nice and dangerous
precipices ftand thsir detertninatiin^on either fide.

Souths

Confult thy judgment, affiftions, and ir.clinav
tlons, and make thy determination upon every par-
ticular; and be always as fufpicious of thyfelt as
polTiblc. Calamy-

3. Judicial decifion.

He confined the knowledge of governing to juf-
tice and lenity, and to the fpeedy determination of
civil and criminal caufes. Guirfvers Travels.

Dete'rminative. adj. [irom. determi-
nate.]

1. That which uncontroulably direfts to at.
certain end.

That individual a£Kon, which is juftiy punifhed.
as finful in us, cannot proceed from the fpecial in-
fluence and dcterminati've power of a juft caufe.

Bramhall againji Hobhes,

2. That which makes a limitation.

If the term added to make up the complex fub-
jeft does not ncced'arily or conftantly belong to it,
then it is determinatim, and limits the fubjeft to a
particular part of its extenfion; as, every pious
man (hall be lappy. fVaifs.

DETERMiNA'xaR. n. f. [from determi-
nate.] One who determines.

They have rccourfc unto the great determinator
of virginity, conceptions, fertility, and the infcru-
table infirmities of the whole body. Brtnvn,

To DETE'RMINE. 'v. a. [determiner, Fr.
determino, Lat.]

1 . To fix ; to fettle.

Is it concluded he (hall be proteftor ?
— It is determindy not concliided yet ;
But f I it muft be, if the king mifcarry. Sha\»

More particularly to determine the proper feil'un
for grammar, 1 do not fee how it can be made a
ftudy, but as an introduction to rhetorick. Locke*

2. To conclude ; to fix ultimately.

Probability, in the nature of it, fuppofcs that
a thing may or may not be fo, for any thing that
yet appears, or is Certainly determined, on the other
fide. Souths

Milton's fubjeft was ftill greater than Homer's
or Virgil's : it does not determine the late of fiiigle
perfons or nations, but ot a whole fpecies.

jIddifoMi

UeftruClion hangs on every word we fpeak.
On every thought, till the concluding ftroke
Determines all, and clofes our dcfign.. jiddifon^

3. To bound ; to confine.

The knowledge of men hitherto hath been detir-

mintd by the view or fight ; fo that whatliicvcr i»-

• inviliblc, either in rcfpeil of the fincnefs oi the

bodx-

D E T

+oi)r itfelf, ot the finillnefs of the inrtt, or of the
fubtiity of the motion, is little enquired. Bacun.

1 he principium indlvidiiationrs is exiftence it-
fclfj whicli JiicnKwrs a bi-ing at any fort to a par-
tKular time and place, incommunicable to two be-
ings of the fiinc kind. " Locke.

No foorer have they climbed that hill, which
•us Jctermina their view at a diftance, but a new
profpeft is opened. jitttrbury.

4. Toadjuft; to limit; to define.

He that lias fettled in his mi.nd<i'«/r'TiiW ideas,
with names affixed to them, will be able todifcern
their differences one from another, which it really
diiVingnilhing. Lulit.

5. To influence the choice.

You have the captive*
Who wct« the oppofitcs of this day's ftrife ;
We do require them of you, fo to ufe them
■Ai we (hall find their merits and our fafety
Way equally rff/ermi/w. Shahfptari.

A man may fufpend the aft of his choice from
icing dittrmmd for or againft the thing propofed,
till hi has examined it. Lockt.

As foon as the ftudious man's hunger and thirft
makes him uneafy, he, whofe will was never di-
/jrmineJ to any purfuit of good 'beer, is, by the
uncafmcfs of liunger and thirft, prefently dc-
itrmiatJ to eating and drinking. Lickc.

6. To refolve.

Jonatlian knew that it was Jtiermincd of his fa-
ther to (lay David. 1 Ham. xx. 33.

7. To decide.

1 do not a& whether bodies fo exift, that the
motion of one cannot be without the motion of
another : to dttcrmiti! this cither way, is to beg
the queftion for or againft a vacuum. l,<:ckc.

8. To put an end to ; to deltroy.

Now •where is he, that will not ftay fo long
Till ficknefs hath ditermin'd me ? SbaktJ'fcare.

?'o Dete'rminE. 'V. n.

1. To conclude ; to form a final conclu-
fieii.

Eve ! now ezped great tidings, which perhaps
Of us will foon Jeiirmhc, or impufe
New laws to be obferv'd. Milun.

2. To fettle opinion.

It is inditfcrent to the matter in band which
'• ly the learned ihall ditcimitie of it. Locke.

3. To end ; to come to an end.

They were apprehended, and, after conviflion,
the danger dittrminid by their deaths. Hjywurd.

All plc:ifurc fpringing from a gratified pallion,
as moft I f the picafure of fin does, muft needs di-
tci-minc with that palTion. Stulb.

4. To make a decifion.

She foon (hall know of us
How honourably and how kindly we
Ditem::ni for her. Sbakcffcarc.

5. To end confequentially.

Revolutions of Kate, many times, make way
for new inftitutions and forms ; and often determine
in either letting up fome tyranny at home, or
bringing in fome conqueft from abroad. Temple.

6. To relblve concerning any thing.

Now, noble peers, the Cdufe why we aie met
Is to determine of the coronation. Shakeffeare.

Deterr a'tion. a. f. [e/e and tc-rra, La-
tin ; <JV/^nYr, French.] Difcovery of any
thing by removal of the earth that hides
it ; the aft of unburying.

This concerns the raifing of new mountains,
deterratim, or the devolution of earth down upon
th.e valleys from the hills and higlicr grounds.

PVtKtthvard.

Dbtb'rsion. »./. [from detergo, Latin.]
The ad of cleanfing a fore.

I enddvouifd ditrrjun, but the matter could
not be difchargei. fyifem^n.

Dete'rsive. adj. [from deterge,^ Hav-
ing the power to deanfe.

D E T

Dete'rsive. n. f. An application that
has the power of cleanfing wounds.

We frequently fee fimp'.e ukcrs aifllcted with
(harp humours, which corrode them, and render
them painhil fordid ukers, if not timely relieved
bv del.rj!iict and Icnicnts. fi'ifetHiin.

ToDETE'ST. -v. a. \deteftor, Latin.] To
hate ; to abhor ; to abominate.

Nigh thereto the ever-damned beaft
Durft not approach \ for he was deadly made,
And all that life prcfcrved did det^. Fairy Sueen,

Glory grows guiity of detejied crimes.
When for fame's fake, for praife, an outward part,
Wc bend to that the working of the heart, ^hak.

I've livd in fuch dilhonour, that the gods
DeteJI my bafenefs. ShakiJ}eare.

There is that naturally in the heart of man
which abhors fin as fin, and confequently would
make him detefi it both in himfelf and others tio.

South,

Who dares think one thing, and another tell.
My heart dete^i him as the gates of hell. Pefe.

Dete'stable. ad;', [from detej}.'\ Hate-
ful ; abhorred ; abominable ; odious.

Beguil'd, divorc'd, wrong'd, fpighted, (lain !
Moft deieJIahU death. Sbakeffeare.

He deli red him to confider that both armies con-
fifted of Chriftians, to whom nothing is more de~
lejlabie than effufion of human blood. Hayioard.
Dete'stably. adv. [from detejlabk.'\
Hatefully ; abominably ; odioufly.

■ It ftands here ftigmatized by the apoiKe as a
temper of mind rendering raen fo deiejially bad,
that the great enemy of mankind neither can nor
defires to make them worfe. South.

Detesta'tion. »./. \ixom det eft. '\

1. Hatred; abhorrence ; abomination.

Then only did misfortune make her fee what
Ihe had done, efpccially finding in us rather </rr^<:-
tion than pity. Sidney.

2. It is fometimes ufed with for ; but of
feeras more proper.

The detejiation you ifxprefs

For vice in all its glitt'ring drefs. S'cvifi.

Our' love of God will infpire us with a dctejia-

tim for fin, as what is of all things moft contrary

to his divine nature. Sivlft.

Dete'ster. »./ [from dtteft.] One that

hates or abhors.
To Dethro'ne. t. a. [detroner, French ;
de and thronus, Latin.] To divert of re-
gality ; to throw down from the throne j
to deprive of regal dignity.
Deti'nue. «./. [flV/i^raf, French.] A writ
that lies againft him, who, having goods
or chattels delivered him to keep, rcfules
to deliver them again. Cotiell.

Deton a'tion. n./. [detone, Lat] Some-
what more forcible than the ordinary
crackling of falts in calcination ; as in
the going off of the pulvis or aurum
fulminans, or the like. It is alfo ufed
for that noife which happens upon the
mixture of fluids that ferment with vio-
lence, as oil of turpentine with oil of
vitriol, refembling theexplofion of gun-
powder, ^incy.
A new coal is not to be caft on the nitre, till
the detonation occafioned by the former be cither
quite or almoft altogether ended ; unlefs it chance
that the polling matter do blow the coal too foon
out of the crucible. Boy/e.

To DE'TONIZE. -t/. a. [from detonc, La-
tin.] To calcine with detonation. A
chemical term.

Nineteen parts in twenty of detoniztd nitre is
deftrojed in eighteen days. jlrhtbnot en jiir.

D E T

To DeTo'rt. 1;, «. [ddtrti/f, of detarju/t,
Latin.] To wreft from the original im-
port, meaning, or defign.

They have afl'umed what amounts to an iafallia
hility in th= private fpirit, and have dttorted texts
of fcrlpturc to the fedition, difturbance, and de-
ftruftion of the civil government. Dryden,

To DETR A'CT. -v. a. {detrailum, Latin ;
detrailcr, French.]

1. To derogate ; to take away by envy,
calumny, or ccnfure, any thing from
the reputation of another ; v/it.\\ front.

Thofcwerc alliftmcs in privite, but not trufted
to manage the affairs in publick ; for that would
detract from the hcnour of the principal ambalTa-
dor. Bacon.

No envy can delraH from this : it will fliine in
hiftory, and, like fwans, grow whiter the longer it
endures. Drjdn.

2. To take away ; to withdraw.

By the largcneis of the cornices they hinder both
the light within, and likewife ditrsii much from
the view of the front without. H'otion.

The multitude of partners does Jetraff nothing
from each private fliarc, nor does the publicknefs
of it lert'en propriety in it. Bcylr.

Detra'cter. n.f. [from deiraSl-l One
that takes away another's reputation ;
one that impairs the honour of another
injurioufly.

1 am right glad to be thus fatisfied, in that I

yet W.-IS never able till now to choke the mouth of

fuch detreBers with the certain knowledge of their

flandcrous untruths. Spcnfer on Ireland,

Whetlier we are fo entirely fare of their loyalty

upon the prcfent foot of government, as you may

imagine, their detroBeri make a queftion. Swift*

Away the fair detraHer jwent.

And gave by turns their cenfures vent. Swift.

Det R a'ction. n.f. [detraiSio, Latin ; dc

traffion, French.]

DelraSlion, in the native importance of the word,
fignifies the withdrawing or taking off from a
thing ; and, as it is applied to the reputation, it
denotes the impairing or Icftening a man in point
of fame, rendering him lefs valued and eftecmed
by others, which is the final aim of deiraBion.

^ylifft.
I put myfelf to thy direftion, and
Unfpcak mine own dctraffion ; here abjure
The taints and blames I laid upon myfelf.
For ftrangers to my nature. Stakrffeare,

Fame, that her high birth to raife
Seem'd erft fo lavlfh and profufe,
Wc may juftly now accufe

Of detradion from her prarfe. Miltoti.

If detraCiion could invite us, difcrction furely
would contain us from any derogatoiy intention.

Brown*

To put a flop to the infults and detraBions of

vain men, I tefolvcd to enter into the examination.

fVoodlvard*
To confider an author as the fubjeft of obloquy
and detracliont we may obferve with what pleauire
a work is received by the invidious part of man-
kind, in which a writer falls fliort of hirafilf.

j^Jdifon*

Detra'ctory. adj. [from dctraJl.] De-
famatory by denial of defcrt ; deroga-
tory. Sometimes with to, properly from.

This is not only derogatory unro the wifdom of
God, who hath propofed the world unto our know-
ledge, and thereby the notion of himfelf j but alfo
detraBory unto the intcllcft and lenfe of man, ex-
prelTedly difpofed for that inquifition. Brown.

In mentioning the joys of heaven, I ufe the ex-
preliions 1 find lefs detraBory from a theme above
our praifes. Boyle.

The detraBory lye takes from a great man the
reputation that julHy belongs to'him. .4rl>uth«ot.

Detra'ctress. n. r. [from detracl.] A
ccnforious woman.

li

D E tr

If anVShall decraft from a lady's charafler, un-
lefs flie be abfent, the faid Jelr^flrifs (hall be forth-
with ordered to the lowtft place of the room-

DETRIMENT. ». / yctrlmentum, La-
tin.] Lofs; damage; mifchief; dimi-
nntion ; harm. „, .„. . .

Difficult it muft be for one Chriftian church to
aboliih that which all had received and held for
the fpace of many ages, and that without any A-
trimait unto religion. Hmker.

I can repair
That Jttrimnl, if fuch it be, to lofe

U your joint pow'r prevail, th affairs of heli
Mo dttrimtnt need fear ; go, and be llrong. A/./r»«.

There often fall out fo many things to be done
on the fudden, that fome of them mull ot neceflity
be neglefted for that whole year, whi ch isthe
greateil detriment to this whole myilery.

Evtlynt Kalendar.
Let a family bum but a candle a night lefs than
■ the ufual number, and they may take in die Spec
tator without ditriment to their private affairs.

jUdlJon.

Detrime'ntal. atij. [from detriment.-\
Mifchievous ; harmful; caufing lofs. .

Amon . all honorary rewards, which are neither
dangerous nor dttrimirtiaUo the donor, I remem-
ber none fo remarkable as the titles which are be-
ftowed by the emperor of China : thefe are never
given to any fubjefl tiU the fubjeft is d""!-

Obftiaacy ia prejudices, which are detrimental
to our country, ought not to be miftakea for vir-
tuous refolution and firmnefs of mind. Mdijo^. .
Detri'tion. »./. [dttero, detritus, I.3.-
tin.] The aft of weariag away. Diil.
To DETRU'DE. 'V. a. {detrudo, Latin.]
To thruft down ; to force into a lower
place.

Such as are detruded iovm to hell,
Either for fliame they ftill themfelves retire.
Or, tied in chains, they in clofe prifon dwell.

' Davtet.

Philofophers are of opinion, that the fouls of
men may, for their mifcarriages, be detruded into
the bodies of hearts. *-»'*'•

At thy-command the vernal fun awakes
The torpid fap, detruded to the root
By wiatry winds. Ibompn.

To DETRU'NCATE. -v. a. {^detrunco, La-
tin.] To lop ; to cut ; to ftiorten by de-
privation of parts.

Detrunca't ION. «./ [from </f*r«ffrfl//.]

The aa of lopping or cutting. |

Detru'sion. «./. [from detrufio, Latin.]
The aft bf thrufting or forcing down.

From this detrufi'.n of the waters towards the

fide, the parts towards the pole muft be much m-

creafed. *^"' H'"'fi ^'"•«'-

Dbturba'tion. n. /. [y*/ario, Latin.]

The aft of throwing down ; degrada-

dation. ^"*-

Df.vasta'tion. n. f. {de-vajlo, Latin.]

Wafte ; havock ; defolation ; deftruc-

tion.

By devajlatinn the rough warrior gains.
And farmers fatten moft when famine reigns.

Garth.

That flood which overflowed Attica in the days
of Ogygcs, and that which drowned Theflaly in
Dt-ucalion's time, made cruel havock and dei'af-
taii'.ti among them. fyisdward.

Deuce. »./ [deux, French.]
I. Two : a word ufedin games.

You are a gentleman and a gamefter j then, I
am furc, you know how much the gtifs fum of
(/«« ace amounts to, bhakijfearc.

3. The devil. SeeDeusi.

D E V

To Deve'lop. -v. n. [developer, French.] I
To (iiiengage from fomething that en-
folds and conceals ; to difentangle ; to
clear from its covering.

Take fiim to dmt!,f, if you can.
And hew the bbck off, aijd get out the man.

Vunciad.

Deve'rgence. «./. [de'vergentia, Lat.]
' . Declivity ; declination. Did.

ToDeve'st. t;. a. [devefler, French; de
and 'vefiis, Latin.]

1 . To ftrip ; to deprive of clothes.

Friends all but now.
In quarter and in terms like bride and groom
Devcfiing them for bed. Shakejpeare.

Then of his arms Androgeus he devefts.
His fword, his (hield, he tikes, and plumed crefts.

Derjham.

2. To annul; to take away any thing
good.

What are thofe breaches of the law of nature
and nations, which do forfeit and devejl all right
and title in a nation to government .' Bacon.

3. To free from any thing bad.

Come on, thou little inmate of this breaft.
Which for thy fake from pillions I dei'ejl. Prior.

DEVE'X. ei'dj. [devexus, Latin.] Bend-
ing down; declivous ; incurvated down-
wards.

Deve'xity.w./ [from flVf«jr.] Incurva-
tion downwards ; declivity.

To De'viate. 1'. n, [de "via decedere,
Latin.]

1 . To wander from the right or common
way.

The reft to fome faint meaning make pretence,
But Shadwell never deviates into fcnfe. Dryden.

Thus Pegafus, a nearer way to take.
May boldly ^^^/tf^tf from the common track. Pope.

What makes all phyfical and moral ill ^
There nature deviates, and here wanders will. Pofe.

Befides places which may deviate from the fenfe
of the author, it would be kind to obferve any de-
ficiencies in the di£lion. Pofe.

2. To go aftray ; to err ; to fin ; to offend.
Devi a'tion. »./ [fiota deviate.]
I. The aft of quitting the right way ; er-

ronr ; wandering.

Thefe bodies conftantly move round in the fame
tracks, without making the Icall rfM-'idfion. Ckeyne.

t. Variation from eftabli(hed rule.

Having once furveyed the true and proper natu-
ral alphabet, we may eafily difcovcr the deviations
from it, in all the alphabets in ufe, either by defeft
of fingle charaflers, of letters, or by confufion of
them. Holder.

3. Offence; obliquity of cpnduft.

Worthy perfons, if inadvertently drawn into a
deviatiof, will endeavour inftantly to recover their
loft ground, that they may not bring error into
habit. Chrija.

Devi'ce. n. /. [dill i/e, French ; de-vi/a,
Italian.]

1. A contrivance ; a ftratagem.

This is our device,
That Falftaff at that oak Ihall meet with us.

Sbahfpeare.

He intended it ^ a politick device to Icffen their

intcreft, and keep them low in the world. Aitcrb.

2. A defign ; a fcbeme formed; projeft ;
fpeculation.

Touching the exchange of laws in praftice with
laws in device, whicli they fay are better for the
ftate of the church, if th(ry might take place ; the
fartlier we examine them, the greater caufe we find
to conclude, although we continue the fame we
are, the harm is not great. Hooker.

His device is aguall; Babylon, to dcftroy it.

>-.li. II.

■ D E V

There are many devices in a man's heart; n»-
verthelefs the counfel of the Lord ftiall ftand.

Prcv. xix. 21.

3. The emblem on a fliield ; the enfign
armorial of a nation or family.

Then change we (hieldf, and their devices bear;
Let fraud fupply the wantof force in war. Dryd.

Hibernia's haip, rff^'ifc of her coif.mand.
And parent of her mirth, ftiall there be feen.

Prior*

They intend to let the world fee what party they
are of, by figures and defigns upon thefe fans ; aa
the knights. errant ufed to diftinguiih themfelves
by devices on their ftiields. Addifin^

4. Invention ; genius.

H.'s gentle; never fchooled, and yet learned ;
full of noble device, of all fjrts cnch.mtingly be-
loved. Sbakcfpectre.
DE'VIL. ». f. [biopul, Saxon ; diabolus,
Latin. It were more properly written
divel. ]

1 . A fallen angel ; the tempter and fpiri-
tual enemy of mankind.

Arc you a man ?
Ay, and a bold one, that dare look on that
Which might appal the devil. Sbakefpeare*

2. A wicked man or woman.

See ihyMf, devil :■
Proper dif >rmlty fcems not in the fiend
So horrid as in woman. _ Shakefptere.

3. A ludicrous term for mifchief.

A war of profit mitigates the evil ;
Tut .0 betax'd, and beaten, is the divil. GrativHU]

4. A kind of expletive, exprelling wonder
or vexation.

The things, we know, are neither rich nor rare;
But wonicr how the devi! they got there ! Pope*

c. A kind of ludicrous negative in an ad-
verbial fcnfe.
The devil was well, the devil i monk was he.

A Proverh.

De'vilish. «<^'. [from f/^i'//.]

1 . Partaking ot the qualities of the devil ;
diabolical; mifchievous; malicious;,
deftruftive.

Gynecia miftrufted greatly Cecropia, becaufe 'ftie
had heard much of the dcvi/ijh wickednefs of her
heart. . Sidney.

For grief thereof, and devilijh defpight.
From his infernal furnace forth he threw .

Huge flames, that dimmed all thehe.wen's light,
EiuoH'd in dulkifti fmjke and briraftonc blue.

Spenjcr,

He trains his dcviijh engin'ry, impal'd
On ev'ry fide with ftiadowy fquadrons deep. Mill.

2. Having communication with the devil.

The ducliefs, by his fubornation.
Upon my life began her devilijh praflices. Shak.

3. An epithet of abhorrence or contempt,.
A i/TOii/Z» knave ! befides, the kna\e is hand-

fome, young, and blyth ; all thofe requifites arc in
him that delight. _ Shakefpearc-

4. Exceflive : in a li\dicrous fenfe.

Thy hair and bcaid are of a different dye.
Short of a foot, diftorted of an eye ;
With all th' fe toke-is of a knave complete.
If thou art honcft, th lu 'rt a devilijhcheat. Ad
De'vilishly. adnj. [horn devil) fh.] In a-
manner fuiting the devil ; diabolically.

Thofe trumpeter* threatened them with conti-
nual alarroiof damnation, if they did not vcntur*
life, fortune, and all, in that which wickedly and
deviliply thofe impoftors called the caufe of Clod.

^outh,

De'vilkin, «, / [from dc-vil.] A little
devil. _ CLriffa.

Dt'vious. adj. [dfviiis, Latin.]

I . Out of tlic common tr.ick.

Creufr kept behind : by iholce we ftray
Thiough cv'ry dark sod sv'ry dcvimi way. D>jd. .

D E V

In fWs minute Jcvims fufcjcft, I have bcm ne-
ceflitatrd to cxpUin mylelf in mute words than may
lerni nceilful. Ht/iier.

2. Wandering ; roving ; rambling.

Every mule.
And every blooming pleifurc, wait without
I'll blefs the wildly Jev'ioui morning walk, thcmj.

3. Erring ; going aftray from reftitude.

One dcv'mii ftvp, at lirft letting out, fre(iuently
leads a peribn into a wUdernel's of doubt and error.

Clor'ijfi.

Some lower mufe, perhaps, who lightly trcaos
The dtv'uui piilhs where wantuii fancy leads. Rnve.

4. It is uled likewife of perfons. Roving ;
idly vagrant ; erring from the way.

To DEVISE. V. a. {dfvi/er, French, as
of dcvifare, to iooli about. Skinner. "]

1. To contrive; to form by art; to in-
vent ; to excogitate ; to ftrike out by
thought.

Wlicther they, at ihcir firft coming into the
land, or afterwards, by trading with other nations
which had letters, learned them of tbcm, oc 6e-
viftd them among therafelves, is very doubtful.

Sfaijer'i Stale of Inland.

He could by his (kill draw after him the weight,
•f five thoufand bnihcls of grain, and dnijc thole
fare engines which fliot fmall ftones at hand, but
great ones afar off. Feacham.

Ye fons of art, one curious piece dev'tft.
From whofe conltruflu^e motion fliall arifc.

Blaikmore.

2. To plan; to fcheme.

Behoid I frame evil aj;ain|l you, and dn'\fe a
device againft you. Jcr. xiii. 1 1.

To Devi'se. v. n. To confider ; to con-
trive ; to lay plans ; to form fchemes ;
anciently with of.

Hrr merry fit (he freihlv 'gin to rear,
And did o/'joy and joltty rf»w'r,
Htifclf tocherifliand her gucft to chear.

¥mry S^eert.

But fith now fafe ye feized have the (horc,
And well arrived arc, high God be blcft.
Let us dmijeofink and everlafting reft. Fciry S^.

Since we are (o far entered, let us, I pray you,
a little drvijt of thoie evils by which that country
is held in this wretched cafe, that it cannot, .is
you fay, be recured. Sftnftr's Irtland.

Divje but how you'll ufe him when he comcfl,
and let us two divife to bring him thither. Shak.

Dkvi'se. v./. \_ilrji/e,j. will, old French.]
I . The ad of giving m bequeathing by
will.

This word it properly attributed, in our com-
mon law, to him that bequeaths his goods by his
la.l will or teftament in writing; and the rcafon is
bccaufc tbofc that now apj'c-tain only to the dc-
vifour, by this adt are dilVributed into many pans.

Co'Vtli.

The alienation is made by dei'ift In a la;t will
onlyr and the third part of tbcfe prolits is there
demindabie. Locke,

3. Contrivance. See Devjcb.

God hath omitted nuthing needful to his pur-
pofe, nor left his intention tu be accompliflicd by
our dniftl. ihikir.

To Devi'se. v. a. [from the noun.] To
grant by will. A law term.

Devisee'. B. yl He to whom fomeihing
is bequeathed by will.

Dtvi'sER. It. /. [from (le-vi/i:.'\ A con-
triver; an inventer.

Being divided from truth in them/elvea, they
«c yet farther removed by advenient deception ;
for true it is, if I fay they are daily mocked into
errour by dftifert. Brown.

The aatiiors of ufcful inventions, the dev'iftri of
wholefome laws, a< were the phil .fophers of an-
cient time:, were honoured at the fathers and pro-
phets of tbcir country. Crew.

D E V

Devi'souk. »./ He that gives by will.

See Devise.
DE'VITABLE. adj. [devitabilii, Latin.]

Poflible to be avoided ; avoidable.
Devita'tiok. 1. /■ [dn/itatio, Latin.]

The aft of cfcaping or avoiding. Di<S.
Devo'id. adj. [yuide, French.]

1. Empty; vacant; void.

When 1 awoke and found her place dndA,
And nought but prclTed giafs where /he had lyen,
1 fcrrow'd all fo much as carft 1 joy'd. Fairy £>.

2. Without any thing, whether good or
evil ; free from ; in want of.

He flung it from him, and devoid of dread
Upon him lightly leaped without heed, hairy g>.

That the foul and angels are devoid of quantity
and dimenfion, and that they have nothing to do
with proper locality, is generally opiaioned.

Glanville.

The motion of this chariot will ftill be eafier as
it afcends higher, till at length it fhall become ut-
terly devcid of gravity, when the Icaft ftrength will
be able to beftow upon it a fwift motion.

Wilkim'i Math. Magick.

His warlike mind, his foul devoidol fear,
His high dcfigning thoughts were figur'd there,
As when, by magick, ghofts are made appear.

Dryden.

We Tyrians are not fo devqid of fenfe.
Nor fo remote from Phabus' influence. Dryden.

Devo'ir. n.f. [dfvcir, French.]

1. Service. A fenfe now not ufed.

To rcltore again the kingdom cf the ^fama-
lukcs, he offered him their utmoft deinir and fcr-
vice. KnoUei.

2. Acl of civility or obfequioufnefs.

Gentlemen, who do notdeli^n to many, yet pay
their dcvArt to one particular fair. Speilaar.

Ankward and fupple, each devoir to pay.
She flatters her good laJy twice a-day. Pufe.

To DEVO'LVE. 1/. a. [de-vol'vo, Latin.]

1. To roll down.

Thro' fp!cndid kingdoms he devolve) his maze,
Now wanders wild through folitary tracts
Of life-defcrted fand. Thcmfiit.

2. To move from one hand to another.

Upon the duke of Ormond the king had wlioUy
devolved tile care and difpolition of all affairs in
Ireland. . Temf.'e.

BecauCe they found too much confuflon in fuch
a multitude of ftjtefmcn, they devolved their whole
authority into the liands of the council of fixty.

jiddifin.

The whole power, at home and abroad, wab
devolved upon that family. Swift.

The matter which devolves from the hills down
upon th^.- lower grounds, does not confidcrably
raile and augment them. tftadviard.

To Devo'lve. "V. It,

1. To roll down.

2. To fall in fucceflion into new hands.

Suppufing people, by wanting fpiritual blcflings,
did lofe all their right to temporal, yet that for-
feiture mull devolve only to the fupreme Lord.

Decjy of Piety.

Devolu'tion. n. /. [Je-velutio, Latin.]

1 . The aifl of rolling down.

The railing of new mountains, deterrations, or
the devoluCKn of earth down upon the valleys from
the hills and high grounds, will fall under ourcon-
fideration. IVaodivard.

2, Removal fucccflive from hand to hand.

The junldiftion exercifed in thofc courts is de-
rived from the crown of England, and the lift
devolution is to the king by way of appeal, ihti.

Devora'tion. It./, [from devoro, Lat.]
The adl of devouring. Dui.

To DEVO'TE. 11. a, [devtvce, devotus,
Latin.]

D E V

1. To dedloate; to confecrate ; to appr*^
priate by vow.

No devoted thing that a man fliall Jevcit unto
the Lord, of all that he hath, both of man and
beaft, and of the field of his polfeflion, fliall be fold
or redeemed. iw. xxvii. zi.

What black magician conjures up this fiend.
To flop devoted charitable deeds ? Sbakeffeare.

Th{y, impious, dar'd to prey
On herds devoted to tlie god of day. Pofe^

2. To addift ; as to a feft, or ftudy.

While we do admire
This virtue, and this moral difcipline.
Let 's be no ftoicks, nor no ftocks, I pray ;
Or fo devote to Arillotle's checks,
'Ai Ovid be an outcaft quite abjur'd. Stakefptart,
If perfons of this malce Ihould even/cvsrethem-
felves to fciencc, they Ihould be well alTured of a
foliil and Itrong cnnftitution of body. H^ailu

3. To condemn ; to refign to ill.

Aliens were devoted to their rapine and defpight^
Decty cf P'ttUft

Ah why, Penelope, this eaufelefs fear.
To render fleep's loft bleflings infinceref
Alike devote to forrow's dire extreme
The day lefleAion and the midnightdream. Ptft,

4. To addift ; to give up to ill.

I'iie Romans having once debauched their fenles
with the pleafures of other nations, they devoted
thcmfelves unto all wickcdnrfs. Grewt

J. To curfe ; to execrate ; to doom tode-
ftruflion.

I fly
Thofe wicked tents devoted \ led rhe wrath
Impendent, raging into fudden flame,
Dillinguifli not. Mihonm

To deftruftion facred, and deveif.
He with his whole pofterity muft die. Afi/rst.

Gnddcfs of maids, and confcious of our heartSi
So keep me from the vengeance of thy darts.
Which Niobe's devoted iflue felt.
When, hifling through the (kies, the feathcr'd
deaths were dealt. D'yJex»

Let her, like me, of ev'ry joy forlorn,
Devote the hour when fuch a wretch was born ;
Like me to deferts and to darknefs run. Ritce,

Devo'te. adj. For devoted.

How on a fudden loft,
Defac'd, deflower'd, and now to deatli devote !

Milton,

Devo'tedness. n.f. [from devofe.'\ The
ftate of being devoted or dedicated ;
confccration ; addiflednefs.

Whatever may fali from my pen to her difad-
vantage, relates to her but as flic was, or may again
be, an obftacle to your devotejnejs to terapliicic
love. Boyle,

The owning of our obliga;ion unto virtue, may
be ftyled natural religion ; that is tof.iy,a demoted-
fii/i uuto Cud, fo as to a^ according to bis will.

Cran/,

Devotee', n.f. [dcjot, French.] One
erroneoully or fuperllitioufly religious ;
a bigot.

DEVO'TION. n.f. [de^otktt, FrenchJ
dfvotio, Latin.]

1 . The ftate of being confecrated or dedi-
cated.

2. Piety; adls of religion ; dcvoutnefs.

Mean time her warlike brother on the ftas
His waving llrcamers to the winds difphys.
And vows for his return with vain devotion pays.

Drydcit,

3. An afl of external worlhip.

Religious minds are inflamed with the love of
publick devotion. Hooker,

For as 1 palTed by and beheld your devotiot:, \
found an altar with this infcription. To the un-
known God. Afls, xvii, 13.

in vain doth man the name of jnft cxpeQ,
If his devitims he to God neglcit. Dcnhjm^

4. Prayer J

D E V

'£. Prayer ; expreflion of devotion.

An agcAholy maui
That day and nigJi' faid his divoticti.
No other worldly burinefs did apply. Fairy ^itn.
Your dcvoihn has its opportunity : wc muft pray
always, but chiefly at certain times. Sfrat:.

e. The flate of the mind under a ftrong
fenfe of dependance upon God ; de-
voutnefs ; piety.

Grateful to acknowledge whence his good
Defcends, thither with heart, and voice, and eyes
Dltefted in dfvotKri, to adore
And worOiip God fupremc, who made him chief
Ot" all his works. Millsn.

From the full choir when loud hofannas lilc,
And fwrll the pomp of dreadful facrifice ;
Amid that fccne, if fome relenting eye
Glance on the (lore where our cold reliques lie,
Dmoikns k\f (hall fteal a thought from heav'n.
One human tear (hall drrp, and be forgiv'n. Pofe.

Dmcihn may be con(iJeted either as an excrcife
of publiclc or private prayers at fet times and oc-
tafions, or as a temper of the mind, a (late and
difpofition of the heart, which is rightly affeflcd
with fuch excrcifcs. iaiu cti Cbrift's Ptrf,l}kn.

6, An a£l of reverence, refpeiS, or cere-
mony.

Whither away fo faft ?
.—Upon the like dmcikn as yourfelves,
To gtatulate the gentle prinies there. Slaleff.

7. Strong affeclion ; ardent love ; fuch as
makes the lover the fole property of the
perfon loved.

Tit oppofite all planets of good luck
To my procieding, if, with pure heart's love,
Immaculate dcvotizn, holy thoughts,
I tender not thy beauteous princely daughter.

Stekeffeare.

He had a particular reverence for the perfon cf

the king, and the more extraordinary drvoiim fo'

that of the priiKe, as he had had the honour to be

■ trufted with his education. Clarendon*

8. Earneflnefs ; ardour ; eagernefs.

He (ccks their hare with greater dei-cticn than
they can render it him j and leaves nothing un-
done that may fully difcover him their oppofiie.

Sbairfpearr.

9. Difpofal ; power ; ftate of dependance
on any one.

Arundel caflle would keep that rich corner of
the country at his m3}iHy*s dei-6thn* Cfarend<.n.

Devo'tion AL. rtrtjf. [{vom devotion .1 Per-
taining to devotion ; annexed to wor-
fViip ; religious.
Nor are the foberefV (^f them fo apt for that di-

. vBt'icntti c-'inphince and jutiAure of hearts, which
1 deli.e to bear in holy oificcs, to be performed
with me. King CharUi.

The favourabl'? opinion and good word of men
comes oftcnt'mes at a very rafy rate, by a few de-
mure looks, with ioTue devAknai pollures and gri-
maces. Sour/'.

Devo'tioxalist. «./. [(torn dfVtttion.]
A man zealous without knowledge ; fu-
perllitioufly devout.

To DEVOUR, -v. a. y^joro, Latin.]

J. To eat up ravenoufly, as a v/ild beall or
animal of prey.

We will fay fome evil bead hath drvmred him.

Ctntjii,

We 've willing damet enough ; there cannot be
That vulture in you, to J,-uMr fo many
As will to grcatnefs dcdi«a:c themfclves.
Finding it fo inclia'd. Sbakrffeare.

So looki the pent up lion o'er the wretch
That tiembles under his J't-turinf paws. Staie/f.

2. To deftroy or confume with rapidity
and violence.

A (ire dtiMurtib before them, and behind them
i flame burnetlu 'J'"!) »' J.

Vol. I.

D E U

How dire a tempeft from Myeen* pdurM,
Our plains, our temples, and our town dev^ur'd;
It was the walie of war. Drydcn.

Notwithftanding that Socrates lived in the time
of this demurirg peliilence at Athens, he never
caught the iealt infoftion. Add'ijait*

3 . To fwallow up ; to annihilate.

He fscm'd in fwiftnefs to devaur the way.

SLakcffiare.
Such a ple,ifure as grows frefher upon enjoy-
ment ; and though continually fed upon, yet is
never devcurtd. South,

Death Oalks behind thee, and each flying hour
Docs fomf locfe remnant of thy life devour. Dryd.

4.. To enjoy with avidity.

Longing they look, and gaping at the (i^'ht.
Devour her o'er and o'er with vail delight. Dryd.

Devo'ureh. n.y; \Jrota devour.'] A con-
fumer; he that devours; he that preys
upon.

Rome is but a wildernefs of tygers ;
Tygers muft prey, and Rome aA'ords no prey
But me and mine: how happy art thou, then,
From thcl'e devturert to be banilhed! Hbakcfpaire,

Since thofc leviathans are withdrawn, the lefftr
dcvoureri fupply their place: fraud fucceeds to vio-
lence. Demy cf P'uty.

Carp and tench do beft together, ail other fiil»
being dcuaurers of their fpawn. Mortimer,

DEVO'UT. adj. [de-vo/Hs, Latin.]

1. Pious; religious; devoted to holy du-
ties.

We muft be con(Vant and devout in the worlhlp
of our God, and ready in all a£ts of benevolence
to our neighbour. Rogen.

2. Filled with pious thoughts.

For this, with Iom\ devout , he thank'd the god \
And, of fuccefa fecure, return'd to his abode.

Dry den.

3. Expreflive of devotion or piety.

Anon dry ground appears, and from his ark
The ancient lire defcends with all his train ;
Then with uplifted hands, and eyes devout.
Grateful to heav'n. Mi/ton.

Devo'v n't, adv. [ftomdevcut.] Pioufly;
with ardent devotion ; religioufly.

Her grace role, and with modcli paces
Came to the alur, where (he knccl'd ; and faint-
like
Ca(t her fair eyes to heav'n, and pray'd devoutly.

Sbakejpettre

One of the wife men having a while attencivly

and devoutly viewed and contemplated this pillar

and crofs, fell down upon his face. B^on.

Her twilights were more clear than our mid-day,

She dreamt devout/ier than moft ul'e to pray. Donne.

Think, O my foul, devoutly think,

How, with a(frtghted eyes.
Thou faw'd the wide extended deep

In all its horrors rife I jidd!fcn.

To fecond caufea we fecm to trult, without cx-
prtifing, fo devoutly as we ought to do, our de-
pendance on the (irrt. Aiterhury.

Deuse. n./. [more properly than deuce,
Junius, from Dujius, the name of a cer-
tain fpecies of evil fpirits.] The devil :
a ludicrous word.

'Twas the prettieft prologue, as he wrote it ;
Well, the deuce take me if I ha'n't forgot it.

Congreve.

Deutero'gamv. a. /. [JitTi;®. and
ya.fA.1^.] A fecond marriage. Z>/V?.

DeUTERONo'm V. tl. /. [JftTIf©- M/i®-.]

The fecond book of the law ; the fifth
book of Mofes.
Deutero'scopy. «. /. [ JiuTtf®- and
c-«o«-iw.] The fecond intention ; the
meaning beyond the literal fenfc : not
in ufe.

DEW

Not sttaining the deuterofcopy, or fccond inten.

tior: of the words, they are fain toomic their confe-
queucea, coherences, figures, or tropobgies.

Browns Vulgar Errcuru

DEW. «./. [beap, Saxon; daaiv.Datch.]
The moifture upon the grountl.

Fogs which we frequently obferve after fun-fet.
ting, even in our hotted months, are nothing but
a vapour confiding of water; which vapjur \vij
fent up in greater quantity all tlic foregoing day,
than now in the evening ; but the fan then being
above the horizon, taking it at the furface of the
earth, and rapidly mounting it up int.) the atmo-
fpherc, it was not difcerniblc : the fun being now
gone oft', the vapour ftagnates at and near the
earth, and faturates the air till it is fo thick at to
be eafily vifible therein :-and wiieii at length the
heat there is fomcwhat further fpent, which i»^
ufually about the middle of the night, it falls dOA'a
again in a iftW, alighting upon herbs and other
vegetables, which it cherilhes, cools, and refretfaes.

ff'oodwiirdt
Never yet one hour in bed
Did I enjoy the golden detv of fleep.
But with his tim'rous dreams was ftill awak'd.

Sbaieffeere^

That ctiurchman bears a bounteous mind, in-
deed ;
A hand as fruitful as the land that feeds us ;
His de'W falls cv'ry where. Shakifpearet

She looks as clear
As morning rofes newly wafh'd with deiv. Shai»

D^ivt and rain are but the returns of moid: va-
pours condenfed. Bacotu

Now fliding (Ireams the thirfty plants renew,
And feed their fibres with reviving rfrw. Poft^

To Dew. v. a, [from the noun.] To wet
as with dew ; to moiften ; to beJew.

A trickling ftream of balm moft fovereign.
And dainty dear, which on the ground ftill fell,
And overflowed all the fertile plain.
As it had deiv.d been with timely rain. Pa. ^ieu.

With him pour we in our country's purge
Each drop of us.
—Or fo much as it needs
To deiv the fovereign flower, and drown the weeds.

ShakrJ'peare*
— Give me thy hand.

That I may Jew it with my mournful tears.

Shul:ejp€are9
He ceas'd ; dJfcerning Adam with fuch joy
■ Surcharg'd, as had, like grief, been dem'd in tears.
Without the vent of words, which the^e he
brcath'd. biiiton,

Halcmon above the red appears
In fable garments, dew'd with gu(hing tears.

VrydeMt
In Gallick blood again
Kedewi bis reeking (word, and rtrows the ground
With headlefs ranks. PtilUft.

De'wberry. n.f. [horn devj zxiA ierry."]

Detvicrrirs, as they ilar.d here among the moie
delicate fruits, mull be undcrilood to mean raf-
berrles, which are alfo uf the bramble kind.

HanmiTt
Feed him with apricocks and de^iterrin,
With purple grapes, green figs, and mulb rries.

Sba'efje.ire*

Dewb ESP re'nt. /«?•/. [i/t^zvand be/frent,'\
Sprinkled with dew.

This evening late, by then the chewing floclu
Had ta'en their fuppi'r on the favoury herb
Of knot-grafs dnubefprcnt, and were in fold,
1 fit me down to watch upon a bank
With ivy canopied, and interwove
With flaunting honey-fuckie. Millm,

Dew-burni tiG. adj. [ from ■<j!f-ix' and turn-
ing.] The meaning of this coiipt und
is doubtful. Perhaps it ailudes to the
fparkling of dew.

He, now to prove his late renewed might,
Hi|;h{>randi(liing his bright dtvh-turn'mg biade,

J U Upon

D EX

Upon Ms crefted fcajp fo fore did finite,
That to the fcuU a yawning wound it made.

De'wdrop. n.f. [Je-^u ixid r/mf.] A drop
of dew which fparkles ac fuu-riie.

I mutt go ieck fume dewtirsj>s here,
And hang a pearl in every cowflip'a ear. Sbalrjf.

An hoft
Innumerable u the ftars of night,
Or ftars of morning, tlewJrafi, which the fun
Impcarls on ev'ry leaf, and ev'ry flower. Miltcn,

Reft, fwect as dctvilrsfi on the flow'ry lawns,
y/bcn the iky opens, and ti>e morning dawns !

Tukfll.
De'wlap. n. /. [from lapping or liciiag
the dinu.]

1. The flelh that hangs down from the
throat of oxen.

Large rowles of fat about his ihouldcrs (lung.
And from his neck the doub!e dnvhp bung. Add-

2, It is i<fed in Shakefpeare for a lip flaccid
with age, in contempt.

And loaietimes lurk 1 in a goflip's bowl,
In very likenefs of a roafted crab ;
And when flie drinks againft her lips I bob.
And OD the wither'd dcvilsf pour the ale. Sbai.

De'wlapt, adj. [from dirwlap.'\ Fur-
nflhed with dewlaps.

Who would believe tliat there were mountaiiwers
Dnvli^^t like bulls, whofc throats bad hanging at

'em
Wallets of flefli > Shahffcare.

The dewiapt bull now chafes along the plain,
While burning love ferments in ev'ry vein. Cay.
De'w-worm. »./ [from Jeiv and <worm.]
A worm found in dew.
•For the trout, the dcm ivurm, which fome call
the lob worm, and the brandling, are the chief.

De'wy. adj. [from devj.^

'i.' Refembling dew ; partaking of dew.

From the earth a dewy mift
Went up, and water'd all the ground, and each
Plant of the field. Miiten.

Where two adverfe winds,
Sttblim'd from dnvy vapours in mid (ky,
Isngage with horrid Ibock, the rulflcd brine
Roars llormy. PbUlips,

i. Moift with dew ; rofcid.

The joyous day 'gan early to appear.
And fair Aurora from her dnvy bed

Of aged Tithone 'gan herfcif to rear,
With rofy Aecks, for fliame as blulhing red. Spcnf.
The bee with honied thigh.

That at her flow'ry work doth fing.

And the waters murmuring.

With fucb confort as they keep,

Entice the dewy fcather'd flecp. Milton.

His dewy locks diftill'd
Air.brofia, _ Miltoti.

Befides the fuccour which cold Ancien yields.
The rocks of Hernicus and dnvy fields. Drydcn.

DeXTER. adj. [Latin.] the right ; not
the left. A terra ufed in heraldry.

My mother's blood
Runs on the dixier cheek, and thii finlfter
Bounds in my fire's. Shaitfyeart.

DEXTE'RITY. n.f. [dexteritas, Lat.]

1. Reatlinefa of Ihnbs ; adivity; rcadinefs
to attain iklll ; (kill ; cxpertnefs.

2. Readinefs of contrivance ; quickncfs of
expedient; fldll of management.

His wifdom, by often evading from perils, wis
turned lalhcr into a dixiirUj to deliver himfcll
% from dangers, when they prcfl'ed him, than into a
providence to pttrent and remove tbein afar off.

Bacin.

They attempted to be knaves, but wanted- art
and dtxttrily. Start.

The ' ■ ' V"<'c1anfs may, by their diruiv.j,
make t «: nitinr.al religion, and difpyi'-

«Ik.cL-!. ..j ioiung tbcirpaftuis'. Hivift.

T>z'^r^t.fiv\.adj.\iicxttr, Latin.]

1. Expert at any manual employment;
aftive ; ready : as, a dexterous workman.

For both their dexi'nui hands the lance could
wield. pcbe.

2, Expert in,management J fubtl'e; full
of expedients.

'I'hcy confine themfelves, and are dexterous ma-
nagers enough of the wares and pmdufU of tli.it
corner with which tliey content themfelves. isif i-.
De'xterously. ad'v. [from dextereu}.]
Expertly; fkilfully; artfully.

The magiltrate fometimes cannot do his own
office dcxier'jujly, but by afting the minifter. Siulb.

But then my ftudy was to cog the dice,
And dixi'nujly to throw the lucky fice. Dryden.

De'xtral. adj. [dexter, Latin.] The
right ; not the left.

As for any tunicles or Ikins, which ftiould hinder
the liver from enabling the dexlial parts, wc muft
not conceive it diffufeth its virtue by mere irradia-
tion, but by its veins and proper vcHels.

BrtnurTs P'ulgar Ernun,

Dextra'lity. n.f. [irom dextral'\ The
ftate of being ow the right, not the left,

fidB.

If there were a determinate prepotency In the
right, and fuch as arifeth from a conftant root in
nature, we might expert the fame in other ani-
mals, whofe parts are alfo differenced by dextrelity.
BnivrCs Vulgar Errcun.

Diabe'tes, n.f. [JiaSat1>j«.] A morbid
copioufnefs of urine; a fatal coUiqua-
tion by the urinary paflages.

An increafe of that fecretion may accompany the
general colliquations j as in fluxes, hedlic fweats
and coughs, diabetes, and other confumptions.

Derbam's PbyJicO'Theohgy.
Diabo'lical.T fl(^'. [from diabolus. La-
Diabo'lick. 3 tin.] Devililh; partak-
ing of the qualities of the devil ; im-
pious ; atrocious ; nefarious ; pertain-
ing to the devil.

This, in other beads obferv'd.
Doubt might beget pf dijboHik pow'r,
Aftive within, beyond the fenfe of brute. Milieu.

Does not the ambitious, the envious, and the
revengeful man know very well, that the thirft of
blood, and afl^c^ation of dominion by violence and
opprellion, is a moft dia^olifal outrage upon the
laws of God and Nature .' L'EjIrtnge.

The practice of lying is a d'taboHcal exercifc, and
tjjey that ufc it are the devil's children. Ray.

Damned fpirits muft needs be all envy, dcfpair,
and rage ; and have fo much of a diabolical nature
in them, as to wilh all men to Ihare their mifcry.

A^terbury.

DUCO'DIUM. n.f. [isot*iU,.] The fy-

rup of poppies.
DiAco'usrtcs. n. /. £Ji«xBfu<».] The

do£lr;ne of founds.
Dl'ADEM. n. f. [diadema, Latin.]

1 . A tiara ; an enfign of royalty bound
about the head of eailern monarchs.

The facred diadem in pieces rent.
And purple robe gored with many a wound.

Spenjer.
A lift the coblers' templea ties.
To keep the hair out of their eyes ;
From whence 'tit plain t)ie diadm.
That princes wear, derives from them. Stvi/t.

2. The mark of royalty worn on the head;
the crown.

A crown.
Golden in Ihew, is bat a wreath of thorns;
Brings dangers, tcoubles,carcs, and fleeplefs nights,
To hi m who w^ars the regal dudtm. Milion.

Why ihould be ravjfli then that diadem
From your grey temples, which tbc hand of time
Muii fbottly plaqt on hit i Denbufi.

D I A

Fa Aian,' that once made diademt her prey,
And ftopt our prince in his • iumphant v.ay,
Fled like a mill before this radiant day. kefetm,

Di'a DE .VI KD.adj. [from diadem.] Adorned
with a diadem ; crowned. v

Ni)t fo, when di.idcm'd with rays divine,
Touch'd with die flame that breaks from virtue**

flirine,'
Her pticftlefs mufe forbids the good to die,
And opes the temple of eternity. Pope.

Di'Adrom. n./. [oiao^ofc.'w.] The time in
which any motion is performed ; the
time in which a pendulum performs iti
vibration.

A gry is one tenth of a line, a line one tenth of
an inch, an inch one tenth of a philufophical foot,
a philofophical foot one third of a pendulum ;
whofe diadnms, in the latitude of forty-live de-
grees, are each equal to one fecond of time, or »
fixticth of a minute. Lccte-

Di«'resis. n.f. [Jiai'^irTtj.] The fepara-
tion or disjundion of I'yllables; as aer.

Dl AGNo'sTICK. n.f. [i'layiiwcTKii.] A

fymptom by which a difeafe is diftin-
guirtied from others.

1 Ihall lay down fome indifputable mnks of thi(
vice, that whenever we fee the tokens, we may
conclude the plague is in the houfe: — let us hear
your diagmjikii. Collier en Pride.

One of our phyficians proved difappointed of hie
prognoftickt, or rather diagvefticks.

Har'uey on Confumptionp*

DIA'GONAL. adj. [Jiay^;,!©-.] Reaching
from one angle to another, fo as to di-
vide a parallelogram into equal parts.

The monftrofity of the badger is ill-contrived,
and with fome difadvantage; the diortnefs being
fixed unto the legs of one fide, that might bave
been more properly placed upon the diagonal
movers. Brown's Vulgar Errours.

All forts of ftone compofed of granules, will cut
and rive in any direction, as well in a perpendicu*
lar, or in a diugonaly as horizontally and parallel to
the fide of the llrata. fPoodward»

Dia'conal. «./. [from the adjeftive.] A
line drawn from angle to angle, and di-
viding a fquare into equal parts.

When a man has in his mind the idea of two
lines, viz. the fide and diagonal of i fquare, whereof
the diagonal is an inch long, he may have the idea
alfo of the divifion of that line into a certain nam*
ber of equal parts. Luke.

Dia'gonally. adv. [from diagonal.] In
a diagonal diredion.

Tbe right and left are not defined by philofo.
phers according to common acceptation, that is,
refpe£lively from one man unto another, orsiny con-
llant fite in each, as though that fhould be the
right in one, which, upon confront or facing, ftands
athwart or diagonally unto the other; but were dif-
tinguilhed according unto their activity, and pre-
dominant locomotion, on the either fide.

• Brown's Vulgar Errours,

Di'agram. »./. [Jiayjotju/**.] A delinea-
tion of geometrical figures ; a mathe«
matical Icheme.

Many a fair precept in poetry Is like a feeming
demonliration in the niatbematicks; very fpeciouj
in the diagram, but failing in the mechanick ope-
ration. Dryden.

Why do not thcli! perfons make a diagram of
thefc cogitative lines and angles, and demonftratfr
their properties of perception and appetite, as
plainly as we know the other properties of triangles
and circles ? Beniley.

Dl agry'ui ATES. n,/. [from diagrydirtnt,
Lat.] Strong purgatives made with dia-
grydium.

All cholerick humours ought to be evacuated
by diagrydiaies, mixed with tartar, or fome acid,
o; thubaib powder. Floyrr.

DI'AL.

D I A

Dl'AL. «. / [dhle, SkittHer.] A plate
marked with lines, where a hand or
ihadow (hews the hour.

O, gentlemen, tne time of life is ihortt
To fpenJ that Ihortnefa bafeiy were too long.
Though life did ride upon a JiaPi point.
Still ending at th' arrival of an hour.

Shakiffeere's Henry IV.

If the motion be »ery (low, we per?bive it not :
we have no fenfe of the accretive motion of plants
or animali ; and tile fly fliadow lleaU away upoi.
tht Jial, and the quickeft eye can dilcovernu more-
tlian that it U gen.-. GlanvilU.

PiAi.-PLATE. n.f. [<//(!/ and //a/f.] That
on which hoars or lines are marked.

StraJi tells us thit the two friends, being each
of thetn po/Tefled of a magnetical needle, made a
kind o( dial-jilale, infcribing it with the four and
twenty letters, in the fame manner as the hours of
the day are marked upon the ordinary d'lal-fiatt,
Adi'ijm'i SftRaiar,

DI'ALECT. n.f. [J.a>.«'i®..]

I. The fubdivifion of a language ; as the

Attic, Doric, Ionic, .^lic diale<ils.
^. Style; manner of expreflion.

When themfclves do praiSife that whereof they
write, they change tlicir (/u/rff ; and thofc wdr^s
they fhun, as if there were in them feme fccret
fting- llmta.

3. Language; fpcech.

I« her youth
There is a prone and fpcctlilffs dhliS,
Such as moves men. Shakrfp. Mtsjurt fcr Mcafurt.
If the conferring of a kindnefs did not bind the
perfon upon vhom it was conferred to the returns
of gratitude, why, in the univcrfal diaUa of the
world, are kindnelfM ilill called obligations } Siiitt.

Diale'ctical. adj. [from diaUa-ck.]
Logical ; argumental.

Thofc <ia/.-fl;My fubtletie., that the fchoolmen
employ about phyfiological myfteries, moredeclarr
the wit of him that ulcj them, than incrcafr the
knowledge of fober lovers of truth. Boylt.

DIALE'CTICK. n.f. [i.«x,x1.*,.] Lo

■ giclc ; the art of reafoiiing.

Di'allino. B./. [from <//a/.] The fcia
terick fcience ; the knowledge of (ha-
dow ; the art of conftrutling dials on
which the fliadow may (liew the hour.

Di'alist. «./ [from dial.'] A conftrufler
of dials.

_ Scii-ntitick dial'ffli, by the geometrick confidera-
tions of lines, have found out rules to mark out the
irre;u!ir motion of the fhadow in all latitudes, and
onfall planes. ^5,„„

DiA tOGiST. ». / [{xom dialogue.] A
fpeaker in a dialogue or conference ; a
writer of dialogues.

DI'ALOGUE. n.f. [J,^^oyO..] A confe-
rence ; a converfation between two or
more, cither real or feigned.

Will yw hear thtdu/cgut mat the two learned

men have comilpal in praife of the owl and cuc-

kow ? _ i>hak.Jf">f'-

_ Oh, the ImpOdencc' of this wicked fcx ! Lal-

■ 'Civious dialigun art innocen' with you.

Drydcni Spaayh Fr'ur.
Tn cafy diahguts is Fletcher's praifc j
We mov'd the mind, but had not pow'r to raife.
tr- -n ' Do-d.r,.

Vfl Di ALOCVE. V. a. [from the noun.]
To difcourfe with another ; to confer.

Doddialogui with thy ftiadow > Shak. '/man.
Dialy'su. «./. [Jia\i/er,f.] The figure
in rhctorick by which fyllables or words
are divided.

D I A

D I A

DfA'METER. »./ [J,i and^/T^,,.] The
line which, paffing through the centre J

1

of a circle, or other curvilinear figure,
divides it into equal parts.

The fpace between the earth and the moon, ac-
cording to Ptolemy, is feventeen times the </u»irttT
of the earth, which makes, in a grofs account,
about one hundred and twenty thoul'and miles.

Raleigh.
The bay of Naples is the moft delightful one
that 1 ever faw : it lies in almolt a round figure ot
about thirty miles in ihc diameter. Addifin on Italy.
Dia'metral. adj. [from diameter.] De-
fcribing the diameter ; relating to the
diameter.
Dia'metrally. adv. [horn diametral.]
According to the dired^ion of a diame-
ter ; in direft oppofition,

Chrillian piety is, beyond all other things^ dia-
mttrally oppofed to profaoenefs and impiety of
anions. HamnorJ.

Diame'trical. adj. [from diameter. ]

1 . Defcribiug a diameter,

2. Obl'erving the direftion of a diameter.

The fin ot calumny is let in a moft diamarical
oppofition to the evangelical precept of loving our
neighbours as ourfelves. Gwernmcnt of the Tongue.
Diame'trically. adv. {iioa\ diametri-
cal.] In a diametrical direftion.

He peifuaded the king to confcnt to what was
dlamttriaitly a^ainft his cohfcience and his honour,
arJ, in truth, bis fccurity. Clsmndoa.

Thus intercepted in its palTage, the vapour,
whxh cannot penetrate the ftiatum diamctricajly,
gliues along the lower furfaceof it, permeating the
horizontal interval, which is betwixt the faid dcnfe
(Iratum and that which lies underneath it. fVoodiu.
Di'amonb. n.f. [diamant. Ft. adamas,
Lat;in.]

'1 he diamond, the moft valuable and hardeft of
all the gems, is, when pure, perfeflly clear and
pellucid as the pureft water ; and is eminentlv dif-
tinguiflied from all other fubftancet by its'vivid
fplendour, and the brightnefs of its reflexions. It
is extremely vari jus in llape and lize, being fouml
in the greateft quantity very fmall, and the larger
ones extremely leldom met with. The Urged ever
known is that in the pofTeirnn of the Great Mogul,
which weighs two hundred and feventy-nine carats,
and is computed to be worth feven hundred and
fcventy-niue tlioufand two hundred and forty-four
pounds. The diamond bears the force of tlir
ftrongeft fires, except the concentrated folar lays,
without hurt; and even that infinitely ficrceft 0:
all fiies does it no injury unlffs direfled to if.
weaker parts. It bears a glafs-houfe fire for man)
days, and if taken carefully out, and fuffered t'
cool by degrees, is found as biight and beautifui
as before; but if tak;:nhaftily ou'.it will fometimrs
ctjkk, and even fplit into two or thiee pieces. The
places where we have diamondi arc the Eaft Indies
and the Brafils ; and though t.Sey are ufually founu
clear and colourlefs, yet thry are fomctimes 11 glitlj
tinged with the colours of the other gems, bv the
mixture of fome metalline particles. Hill on t\^l,.

GiVf me the ring of mine you had at dinner ;
Or, for the diamond, the chain you promis'd.

Sbakefpeare.
I fee how thine eye would emulate the diamond :
thou hall the right arched bent of the brow. Stak.
The diamond ii preferable and valily fuperior to
all others in luftic and beauty 5 as alfo in hardnefs,
which renders it more durable and lalting, and
therefore much more valuable, than any other
ftone. _ fVoodward.

The aiamwd is by mighty monarchs worn,
Fair as the liar that ulhers in the morn. Bluikm.

The lively diamond dtinks thy pureft rays,
ColledeJ light, compaift. Ttomfin.

Di'apase. n.f. [J,i auffur.] Achordin-
cluding all tones. The old word for
diapaftin. See Diapason.

And "twixt them both a quadrant was the bafe,
Pioportion'd equally by fevcn and nine j

*^iia 11J.1R.C it luiiciui aiapajf 01
Now being let to run at liberty,
Diapa'so'n. Ji.f. [Jia «;a(ri

Nine was the circle fet in heaven's place,

A II which compared made a good ciaj>afe. Spcnfer,

The Iweet numbers and melodious meafures.
With which I wont the winged words to tie.
And make a tuneful diafafi of plcalures,

Sfcnfer.
Titairm. ]
Diafajcn denotes a chord which includes all
tones : it is the fame with that we call an eighth,
</r an oftave ; becaufe there are bur fcvcn tones or
notes, and then the eighth is the fame again ^ith
the lirft. Hani,.

Itdifcovereththe true coincidence of founds into
diafafons, which is the return of the fame found.

Ba:oiit
Harfli din
Broke the fair mufick that all creatures made
To their great Lord, whofe love their motion fway'd
In perfcft diapajon, whilft they ftood
In firft obedience, and thtir ftate of good. Milton,

Many a fweet rife, many as fweet a fall,
A full-mouth dinpqfm iwallows all. CrafioaiUt

From harmony, from heavenly harmony,
■This univerfal frame began ;
From harmony to harmony
Through ail the compafs of the notes It ran,

The (ii.ipajon clofjng full in man.

Drydctt.

DI'APER. tt.f. [^<<2/>-^, Fr. of uncertaia
etymology.]

1. Linen cloth woven in flowers, and other
figures ; the fineft fpecies of figured liaea
after dama(k.

Not any damfcl, which her vaunteth moft
In (kilful knitting of foft Clken twine ;

Nor any weaver, w-hich his work doth boaft
In diaper, in damaik, or in lync,
Might in their diverlb cunning ever dare
With this fo curious net-work to compare. Spcnf.

2. A napkin ; a towel.

Irft one attend him with a filvcr haf in
Full of rofe-water, and beftrew'd with flowers ;
Another bear the ewer, a tiiird a diaper. Slakeff,

To Di'aper. 'V. a. [from the noun.]

1. To variegate ; todiverfifyj to flower.

For fear the ftoncs her tender foot ih 'uU wrongj
The ground he ftrew'd with flowers a. I along,
And diapered like the difcolour^d me id. S/'nUr*

Flora ufeth to cloath our g;and-uami' Lartk
with a new livery, diapered with various flowers,
and chequered wuh delightful objeils.

Homers foeal Forejf.

2, To draw flowers upon clothes.

If you diaper upon lolds, let your w-irk be
brokers, and taken, as it were, by the half; for
reafoa tells you, that your fold muft c ver fome*
what unfeen. Peacbam on Dra-wing,

Diaphanb'ity. n.f. [from .Jiayaiiia.J
Tranfparency ; pellucidneis j power of
tranfmitti;ig light.

ficcauie the outvvjrd c^at of the eye ought to
be pellucid, to tranlmit tlie liglit, winch, if the
eyes mould always ftand open, would be apt to
glow dry and lhii;ik, and loic their </w, icnti/^ j
therefoic are the c.elids fi cnt.-iveJ as .)Ken to
wink, that lb they m ly, as it wtn-, glaze and \xi-
nilh them oveswith the mfifturc the cjnta n R.n,
Diapha'nick. adj. [S.a. and pa.»©- 1
Tranlp.ifCiit ; pellucid; having the pow-
er to tranfmit light.

Air is in elenient luperior, and lighter than wa-
ter, through whofe va(t, open, fubtik, diapiiani.i,
or tranlparont budy, the light, afterwards cieated
ealjly naiifpired. Raleigh'.

DIA'PHANOUS. adj. [J.i and ?>a.»^.]
Trantparent ; clear ; tranllucent ; pel-
lucid ; capable to tranlmit light.

Ariiiotlecilleth light aqualiiy inheicni or cleav-
ing to a diaphanous body. Raleigh.
When he had taken off the iol'eG, he foun4
in the leaf very little and diaphanous eggs, cx-
aOly like to I'lole which yet rcmanel n the
tubes of Uic fly's w&mb. -Pgy.
3 U » PlAPHO-

D I B

DfATHOtLB'TlCK. adj. [^a^o^DTix®-.] Su-

dorifick ; promoting a. diaphorelis or
perfpiration ; caufing fwcac.

A auphoretrck rr.edicine, or a fudorifick, is fomc-
thing that will provoke (Vnating. If^aiii.

Viaffhorefickii or promoters ot' perfpiration, help
the organs of digefliony becaufe the attenuation ot'
the aliment makeJ it pcrfpirablr. jirhuthnct.

Di'aphraCM. n. /. [^laf^ay/xa ]

1. The midriff which divides the upper
cavity of the body from the lower.

2. Any divifion or partition which divides
a hollow body.

■ It conlifts of a fafciculus of bodies, round, a-

bout one fixtli of an inch in diameter, holbw, and

parted inConumerous cells by means oidiapbra^mt,

thick fet throughout tiie whole length of the body.

fyoodvvard en Foffilt.

DIARRHOE'A. »./. [ha^foir,.] A flux of
die belly, whereby a perfon frequently
goes to ftool, and is cured either by
purging off the caufe, or reftringing
the bowels. ^incy.

During hit £arrtcea I healed up the fontanels.

H^ifi-man.

1>iarrhoe'tick. <Mjr. [from diarrhaa.]
Promoting the flux of the belly ; folu-
tive ; purgative.

Millet is (/;jrri>iv/iVi,cleanfing,and ufeful indif-
eafcsof the kidneys. Arbuthm;.

Di'ary. n./. [diarium. Lat.] An account
of the tranfadlions, accidents, and ob-
servations of every day ; a journal.

Jn fea-voyages, wh-re there is nothing to be feen
but iky and fca, men make d'larUs \ but, in land-
travel, wherein fo much is to be obferved, they
omit it. Bacdn.

I go on in my intended diary. taller.

Kia'stOLE. ». / [Jla^o^»l.]

1 . A figure in rhetorick, by which a fljort
fyllable is made long.

2. The dilation of the heart.

The lyiloie feems to refe i.ble the forcible bend-
ing of a Ipring, a id the diajiolc its flying ;ut again
to its natural lla^e. Rayon the Creation-

DiA'sTYi, E. [Jra, and rix^'t a pillar.] A
iort of edifice, where the pillars ftand at
fuch. a diftance from one another, that
three diameters of their thicknefs are
allowed for intercolumniation. Harris.
Diate'sseRON. n.f. [of^ia, and -ririrt^a,
four.] An interval in,mufick, compofed
of one greater tone, one IcflTer, and one
greater fcmitone ; its proportion being
as four to three. It is called, in mufi-
cal compofition, a perfedl fourth. Harr,

Diato'nicic. [o{ iixrit&-.'\ The ordi-
nary fort of raufick which proceeds by
different tones, either in afcending or
defcending. It contains only the two
greater and leflTcr tones, and the greater
fcmi-tone. Harris,

Diaze'utick ToHt. [of Jaand^tiJyK'f,*!.]
In the ancient Greek mufick, disjoined
two^fourths, one on each fide of it ; and
which, being joined to either, made a
fifth. This is, in ourmuiick, from A
to B.

They allowed to tliii Jiatutttick tone, which
is uur La, Mi, the proportion of nine to eighty as
beirg the unalterable difference of the fifth and
fourth. Harris.

Di'BBtE.n./ [from «'lf)9/>/, Dutch, afliarp
point. Skinner ; from dalble, 'Junius.\
A imall fpade ; a pointed inftiument

D I C

with which the gardeners make holes for
planting.

Through cunning, with diUlt, rake, mattock,

and fpade.
By line and by level trim garden is male.

'rufr'i Uu/haniry.

Di'bstone. «. / A little ftone which
children throw at another ftone.

i have feen little girli exeicife whole hours to-
gether, and take abundance of pains, to be expert
at diMeitti. Lxke.

DiCA CITY. n.f. [dicacitas, Lat] Fert-
nefs : faucinefs. Diil.

DICE. n.f. The plural of <//>. See Di e.

I: is above a hundred to one aga'nD any particular
throw, that you do not cart any given let of faces
with four cubical dice; bccaufc there are fo many
fevcral combinations cf the fix faces of four dice j
now, after yon have cart all the trials but one, it is
ftill as much odds at the laft remaining time, as it
was at the firft. Benilry.

TbDice. 'V. n. [from the noun.] To
game with dice.

i was as virtuoudy given as a gentleman need
to be ; virtuous enough ; fwore little ; diced not
above feven times a week. Shaktfp. Henry IV.

Di'cE-BOX. n.f. {dice and box.] The box
from which the dice are thrown.

What would you fay, rtiould you fee the fparkler
/baking her elbow for a whole night together, and
thumping the table with a dice-box ? Addif. Guard.

Di'cER. n.f. [from dice-l A player at
dice ; a gamefter.

They make manlage vowj
As falfe as dicers' oaths. Shakifpeare's Hamlet.

DicH. This word feems corrupted from
dil for do it.

Rich men fin, and I eat root :
Much good dich thy good heart, Apemantus. Shak.

Dicho'tomy. n.f. [}iy(tiroji'M.'\ Diftribu-
tion of ideas by pairs.

Some perfons have difturbcd the order of nature,
and abufed their readers by an alfe^ation of dicljo-
tomies, trichotomies, fevens, twelves, &c. Lee the
nature of the fubjeft, confidered t gcther with the
defign which you have in view, always determine
the number of partsintowhich you divide \t.lf^atii.

Di'cKENS. A kind of adverbial excla-
mation, importing, as it feems, much
the fame with the dcvii ; but I know
not whence derived.

Where had you this pretty weathercock ?

] canjiot tell what the dickens his name is my
hulbind had him ol". SI. Meriy IVitus i/K'imlj.
What a dickens does he mean by a trivial fum ?
But ha'n't you found it. Sir ? Csngr. Old Bach-
Di'cKER of Leather, n.f. [dicra, low Lat.]
Ten hides. Dia.

To DI'CTATE. V. a. [diiJo, Lat.] To
deliver to another with authority ; to de-
clare with confidence.

The fpoils of elephants the roofs inlay,
And lludded amber darts a golden ray ;
Such, and not nobler, in the realms above.
My wonder diflales ]$ the dome of Jove. Pope's Od.
Whatfocver is diBated to us by God himfelf, or
by men who are divinely infpired, mud be believed
with full aflurance. }Kitls.

Di'cTATE. n.f. [diaatum, Lat.] Rule or
maxim delivered with authority ; pre-
fcription ; prefcript.

Thofc right helps of art, which will force be
found by thofe who fervilely confine themfelves to
the rfiflarci of others. Locke.

I cr'^dit what the Grecian difljtit fay,

And Samian founds o"er Scota's hills convey. Priir.

Then let iXmHiSate of my love prevail. Pofe't Od.

Dicta'tion. n.f. [from dilate.] The

aft or pradlice of dilating or prcfcrib-

ing. Dia.

D I D

DICTATOR, n.f [Lat.]

I. A magiftrate of Rome made in times

/- • 1 j'ii r, 1 : A-J

of exigence and diftrefs, and inverted
with abfolute authority.

Kind diHalirs made, w'-.en they came home.
Their vanquilh'd foes Ireecitiiens of Rome. Ifalur.

Julius with honour tam'd Rome's foreign fo«5 J
But patriots fell, ere the diSinnr rofe. Prior.

2. One itivefted with abfolute ai-.thority.

Unanimous they all commit the care
And management of this main enterprize
To him, their great diffator. Afi'i:nm

3. One whofe credit or authority enables
him to direct the condudt or opinion of
others.

Nor is it a fmall power it givej one man over an-
other, to have the authority to be the diHaur of
principles, and teacher of unqueftionable truths.

Liikf.

That riches, honours, and outward fplendour,
flnuld fet up peifons fcvc dOlators to all the reft of
mankind, is a molVlhameful invafion of the right
of our underftunding. lyatts*

Dictato'rial. adj. [from diaator. ] Au-
thoritative ; confident ; dogmaticjil j o-
verbearing.

A young acadcmick often dwells upon a journal,
or an obfervator that treats of trade and politicks
in a diEiatatsal ftile, and is iavilh in the praife o£
the author. ffatisr

Dicta'torship. n.f. [from diSator.]

1. The ofice of diftator.

This is the foleroneit title they can confer under
the princedom, being indeed a kind of di^iatorjhip,

fVitlM,

2. Authority jinfolent confidence.

This is that perpetual diflaicrjoip which is e«-
ercifcd by Lucretius, though often io the wrong.

DryJen,
Di'ctature. n.f. [diaatura.Lat.] The
oiEce of a didlator ; diftatorlhip. Diai
Di'ction. n.f. [diaion, fr. diSio, Lat.] -
Style ; language ; expreflion.

There appears inevciy part of his diction, orex-
prelfion, a kind of noble and bold purity. DryJcn,
Di'ctionary. n.f. [diaionarium, Lat.]
A book containing the words of any
language in alphabetical order, with
explanations of their meaning ; a lexi^-
con ; a vocabulary ; a word-book.

Some have delivered the polity of fpirits, and
left an account that tliey Itaiid in awe of char'ns,
fpells, and conjurations ; t'iat they are afraid of
letters and characters, notes and daOies, which, fee
tjgether, do fignify nothiag ; and not only in th«
dmitnary of man, but in the fubtler vocaoulary of
Satan. Broivn's Vulgar Erraurs,

Is it fuch a fault to tranflate fimulacra images t
I fee what a good thing it is to have a good cathO'*
lick diSimary. SiiUingJteet,

An army, or a parliament, is a collc3ion of
men ; a diltionary, or nomenclature, is a coUeflion
of words. M^Mts,

Did. of ^0. [bib, S.ixon.]

1 . The preterite of do.

Thou canil not fay I did it. Siakifprofi,

What did that greatnefs in a woman's mind ?
Ill lodg'd, and weak toaQ what it defign'd. Dryd,

2. The fign of the prcter-imperfeil tenfe,
or perfedl.

When did his pen on learning fix a brand,
Or rail at arts he did not undesftand ? DiyJen,

3. It is fomctimes ufed emphatically ; as,
I r/;i/ really love him.

niDA'cTicAL.7 a^. [JiJix"iK©..] Pre-
Dida'ctick. 3 ceptivc ; giving pre-
cepts : as a didaaick poem is a poent
that gives rules for fooie art ; as the
Georgicks.

The

D I E

The means ufed to this purpofe ve psrtly di-
ScBkal, and partly protrepticai J domonfti-ating tKe
truth of the gofpel, and then urging the protefl'ors
of thofe truths to be ledi'aft in the faith, and to
beware of infidelity. IVard :n Infiddhy,

Di'DAPPER. r../, [from <///>,] A bird that
dives into the water.

DiDAscA'ticK. adj. [JiJao-xaAix^.] Pre-
ceptive ; didadlick ; giving precepts in
fome art.

I found it neceniry to form fome ftory, and give
a kind of body to the poem : under what fpecics it
may be comprehended, whether dtiafiaUck or he-
roiclc, I leave to the judgment of the criticks. Pr'nr.
TaDi'DDER. I'.fl. \diddtrn,Te\iX.. xitttrn.
Germ.] To quake with cold ; to fhiver.
A provincial word. Skinner.

Didst. The fecond perfon of the preter
tenfe oi do. See D i d .

Oh lali and bed of Scots '. who didlt maintain
Thy country's fteedom from a foreign reign. Dryi.

Diou'cTioN. n.f. [diduaio, Latin.] Se-
paration by withdrawing one part from

the other.

He ought to (hew what kind of firings they are,
which, though ftrongly fattened to the infide of the
receiver and fuperficies of the bladder, muft draw
as forcibly one as another, in comparifon of thcfe
that within the bladder draw fo as to hinder the
(ftWaflicB of its fides. Biy!-.

To DIE. 1/. a. [beaj, Sajpon, a colour.]
To tinge ; to colour ; to ftain.

So much of death her thoughts
Had entectain'd, as died her cheeks with pale.

Milinri.
All white, a virgin faint flie fought the fkies ;
For marriage, though it lullics not, it d:cs. Dryd.

Die. n.f. [from the verb.] Colour; tinc-
ture ; {lain ; hue acquired.

It will help me nothing
To plead mine innocence ; for that die is on me,
'Which makes my whit'ft part black.

Shck-fftare's Hinry VIII.
We have dainty works of /cathcts of wonderful
lttAre,.excelleat dht, and many.

Bjccn't New Atlamh.
Darknefs we fee emerges into light,
And (hining funs defcend to fable night :
Ev'n heav'n itfclf receives anotficr dity
When wea.ied animals^ in lumbers lie
Of midnight eafe ; another, when the grey
Of morn preludes the fplendor of the day.. Dryd.
It is furprifing to fee the im%ei of the mind
ftampcJ upon the afpefl ; to fee the cheeks take
the die of the paflions, and appear in all the co-
lours of thought. C-jUUr of lit jiffeH.

foDiE.*'. ». [feiafeian. Sax.]

1. To lofe life; to expire; to pafs into
another ftate of exillence.

Thou dod kill me with thy falfehood; and it
grieves me not to die, but it grieves me that thou
art tlw murtherer. Sidrcy.

Nor did the third his con^uefts long furvivc,
Dj'"<l! ere fcarce he had begun to live. Addif. Ov.

Oh let me live my own, and </;.• fo too !
To live and die is all 1 have to do. Dinbam.

2. To perilh by violence or difeafe.

The dira only ferved to confirm him in his firft
opinion, that it was his deftiny to die in the en-
fuing combat. Drjden.

Talk not of life or rsnfom, be replies ;
Patroclus dead, whoever ireets tr.t, diet ;
In vain a fingle Trjan fucs f,>r grace;
Bat leaft the fons Gf^i^ri-im's hateful race :
Die then, my friend ! what boots it to deplore ?
The great, the good Patroclus it no more I
He, far thy bttter, was foredoom'd to dic^
Aod thou, daft thou, bewail mortality >

PDft'i H-m'r.

J-. It has by before an inftrument of death.

Their young men Ihall dit hy the fword ; their
ions acd daughters /haU die ly taminc. Jecm.

D I E

4. 0/"beforea difeafe.

They often come into the world clear, and with
the appearance of found bodies; which, notvvith-
ftanding, have been infciSed with difeafe, and have
died a/n, or at leaft have been very infirm.

ff^ifeman.

5. For commonly before a privative, and
£/" before a pohtive caufe : thefe prepo-
fitions are not always truly diftinguiihed.

At fird (he dartles, then (he ibnds amjz'd ;
At lad with terror fhe from thentc Jotli fly.

And loaths the wat'ry glafs wherein (he gaz'd.
And fliuns it dill, altho'/ir third ilie die. Duvies.

He in the leaden vineyard diesfcr third. Addij.

Hipparchus being pafTionately fond of his own
vi''fe, who was enamoured of Batliyllus, leaped and
died of \\\% ia\\. Addifon.

6. To be punilhed with death.

If I die for it, as no lefs is threatened me, the
. king my old matter mud be relieved,

Shakejpeare^s King Lear.
What is the love of our neighbour ?—
—The valuing him as the image of God, one for
whom Chrift died. Jiammottd.

7. To be loft ; to perifli ; to come to no-
thing.

How now, my lord, why do you keep alone ?
Of forried fancies your companion making,
Ufing thofe thoughts which (hould indeed have died
With them they think on. Staiejfeare's Macheib.

If any fovereignty, on account of his property,
had been veded in Adam, which in truth there
was not, it would have died with him. Locke.

Whatever pleafure any man may take in fpread-
ing whifpers, he will find greater fatisfaftion by
letting the fecret die within his own bread. SficH.

8. To fink ; to faint.

His heart died within him, and he became as a
lone. I Samuel.

9. [In theology.] T^ perifli everlaftingly.

So long at Cod (hall live, folong (hall the damned
die. Haktivill on Providence.

10. To languilh with pleafure or tender-
nefs.

To founds of heav'niy harps (he diet away,
And melts in vifions of eternal day, Pofe.

11. To vaniih.

This battle fares like to the morning's war,
When dymg clouds sontend wiUi growing light.

Sbakefj^eare.

The fmaller ftains and blemifhes may die away
and difciopear, amidft the brightnefs that furrounds
them i but a blot of a deeper nature cads a fhade
on all the other beauties, and darkens the whole
charaftcr. Addifon'i S/^eaaur.

12. [In the flyle of lovers.] Tx) languifh
with afteflion.

The young men acknowledged, in love-letter;,
that they ditd for Rebecca. Teller.

13. To wither, as a vegetable.

Except a corn of wheat fall into the ground,
and die, it abideth alone; but if it die it biingeth
forth much fruit. Jota.

1 4. To grow vapid, as liquor.

Die, n.f. pi. due. [de, Fr. di,, Welflr.]
I. Afmall cube, marked on its faces with

numbers from one to fix, which game-

fters throw in play.

KeepagamederfromthcrfiVf, and a-good rtudent
from his book, and it is wonderful. Shakejfearc.

I have fct my life upon a caft,
And I will ftand the hazard of the die.

Shakcjpeare'i Richard \M.

He knows which way the lot and the die fhall

fall» as perfeilly as if they were alisady cj(U South.

I. Hazard ; chance.

Eftfoons his cruel hand Sir Cuyon daid,
Tcmp'ring the palTion with advifcment (low.

And muft'ring might on enemy difmay'd ;
For th' eijual rfje of war he well did know, tairy ^.

D I E

So both to battle fierce arranged are }
In which his harder fortune was to fall

Under my fpear; fuch is the (/if of war. Vairy?^
'i'hine is th' adventure, thine :he victory :
Well has thy fortune turn'd the die for thee. Dryd,-

3. Any cubick body.

Young creatures have learned fpelling of words-"
by havinj^^h^m palled upon litt'.e flat tablets or d\e%t

Walls,

Die. n.f. plur. dies. The ftamp ufed iiii
coinage.

Such a variety oC dies made ufe of by Wood ia
ttamping his money, makes the difcovery of coun-
terfeits more difliciilt. Smifi,-

Di'er.//./ [from <//>,] One who follows-
the trade of dying ; one who dies clothes,-

The fleece, that has been by the dier ftain'd.
Never again its native whiteoefs gain'd. Ifailer.
There were fome of very low rank and profcfTions
who acquired great edates : coblers, diers, and Ihoe-
makers gave pubiick fhows to the people,

Arbutlnot on Coins*
DI'ET. n.f. [dicela, low Latin ; Jiaira.Jj

1. Food ; provifions for the mouth; vic--
tuals.

They cared for no other delicacy of fare, or cu-
riofity of diet, tiian to maintain life, Raleigh^-

Time may come, when men
With angels may participate ; and find
No inconvenient ditt, nor too light fare, Jirdtsnt ■

No part of diet, in any fcafon, is fo healthful, fa-
natural, and fo agreeable' to the domach, as good
and well-ripened fruits. Temfle,

Milk appears to be a proper diet for human bo-
dies, where acrimony is to be purged or avoided ;.
but not where the canals are obdru^ej, it being
void of all fatine quality. Atluthnot,

2. Food regulated by the rules of medi-
cine, for the prevention or cure of any
dtfeale.

I commend rather fomcdier for certain feaibns^'
than frequent ufe of phylick ; for thofe diets alter
the body more, and trouble it lefs. Bacon.

1 reftrained myfelf to fo regular a diet, as to eat
flelh but oncea-day, and little at a time, without
fait or vinegar. ^ Ttrnfle^-

3. Allowance of provifion;

For his diet, there was a continual diet given
him by the king. Jeremiah.

To Di'iiT. -v. a. [from the noun.]

1. To feed by the ruks of medicine..

She diets him with fading every day.
The fwclling of his wounds to mitigate.
And made him .pray botli early and eke late,.

« Fairy ^eeiu-

Shew a while like fearful war,
To diet rank minds fick of happinefs,
A.id puige th' obftruclions v.hich begin to dop ■
Our very >eins of life. Shalijpeare't Henry IV,.

He was not taken well ; he had not din'd ;
The veins unfill'd, our blood is cold ; and then
- We powl upon the morning, are unapt

To give or to forgive ; but when we've ftuff'd 1
Thcfe pipes, and thefe conveyances of blood,
With wine and feeding, we have fupplcr fouls
Than in our pricftlike fads ; therefore I'll watch hint
Till he be dieted to my requed. Sbakejp. CorioU^

I .will attend my hufband, be his nurfc,
Diet his fickntfs; for it is my ofHce. Sbakejfeart^

H-.:nceforth my early ciire
Shall tend thee, and the fertile burden eafe { ,
'1 ll(, dieted by thee, 1 grow mauire
In knowii-dge as the gods, who all'things know.

Milton
We have lived upon expedienta^ of which no -
. country h.id Icl'soccafion : we have rfirrri/ a healthy
body into a coufum^tion, byj)lying it with phyfick
indead of food. S^vift. ■

2. To give- food to. .

I'm paitly led to diet my rovcngc,
For that I do fufpeft the lufty Moor-
' Hathleaptintomyfe.it. Shakrffeare's Olbelitt -

3. To board ; to fuppjy with dictr

D I F

Te Di'et. v. n.

ly.To eat by rules of phyfick.

a". To eat i to Teed.

1 join with the,- calm peace and quiet;
Sp<r<r (al>, thu oft wUh gods doth flirt. Milieu.

Di'et-drinic. »./ [Jiet and JriaJr.] Me-
dicated liquors ; drink brewed with
medicinal ingre4ients.

The obfcrvaton will do thit better than the lady'-.
dict-drmii, or apothecary's medicines. imif.

Di'ht. n.f. [from dies, an appointed day,
Skinner ; from diet, an old German word
fignifying a multitude, Junius.] An
afienibly of princes or eftates.

An rmperur in title without territory, who can
ordain nothing of importance but by a diet, or af-
Iconbly of the elVaccs ot'many free princesi cccle-
(iartical and temporal. RaUigb.

DTetary. adj. (from diet.'] Pertaining
to the rules of diet. Di£i.

Di'eter. «. / [from diet.] One who
jjrefcribes rules for eating ; one who
prepares food by medicinal roles.

He iauc'd our broth as Juno had been fick,
And he her dieter. Skairfpearti Cymbclive.

Diete'ticxl. 7 a<2ir. [J>aiTw«»:.] Relat-
J^iete'tick. j ing to diet ; belonging
" to the medicinal cautions about the ule
of food.

He received no other counfel than to refrain
from cold drink, which was but a dietttieal caution,
and fuch as culinary prefcription might have af-
forded. Brnvni Vutgur Ernuri

This book of Cheyne's became the fubjcit ol
converration, and produced even fctts in ihe dierc-
tick philofnphy. jiibuthnot on /ilimcnti, Prcf.

Ta DI'FFER. V. n. [differo, Latin ]

1. To be diftinguifhed from ; to have pro-
perties and qualities not the fame with
thofe of another pcrfon or thing.

If the pipe be a littie «et on the inlide, it wil;
make a diffcrirg found from the fame pipe dry.

Bacon.

Thy prejudices, Syphax, won't difcern
What virtues grow (rom ignorance and choice,
Nor how the \\t:xodi^cr% from the brute, jidd. Catc.

The feveral parts of the lame animal differ in
their qualities. j1rbuil>n)t,

2. To contend ; to be at variance.

A man of judgment Ihall fomc:imcs hear igno-
rant men dijfir, and know well within himfelf that
thofe which fo differ mean one thing, and yet they
thenifclves never agree. Been.

Here uncontroll'd you may in judgment fit j
We'll never r.'i^r with a crowded pit. Rtwe,

J. To be of a contrary opinion.

In things purely fpeculative, as thefe are, and no
ingredients of our faith, it is free to differ from
one another in out opiniont and fentiments.

Burnett Theory.

There are certain, meafures to be kept, which
may leave a tendency tather to gain than to irritate
thute who dffer with you in their fcntiments.

jitldijun's Freeholder.

Others differ with roe about the truth and rea-
lity of thefe f|<ccu]atlons. Ch.yne.

Di't'fer.e»'ce. It./, \differenlia, Latin.]

1 . State of being diftinft from fomething ;
contrariety to identity.

Where the faith of the holy church is one, a
difference between culloms of the church doth no
harm. Hooker.

2. The quality by which one differs from
another.

This nobility, or dfferenet from the vulgar, was
not in the beginning given to the fucccffion of
Hood, but to the fuccelTion of virtue. Raleigh.

. D I F .

Thus, born alike, fmm »lrtue firft legiB
The d:ff"retieet\\U diftinguifli'd man from man!
He claim'd no tiile from dcfcent of blood ;
But that, which made him noble, made him good.

Oryden.

Though it be ufeful to diftern every variety th.it
is tj be found in ratuie, yet It it not convenient
to confider every </j/f(«.< that is in things, and
divide them into diftinfl daffes under every fuch
difference, Locke.

3. The difproportion between one thing
and another, caufcd by the qualities ot
each.

You (hall fee great difference betwixt our Bohe-
mia and your Sicilia. Sbakcjf. Winter' it aU.

Oh the (Irtnge dffcrtmce of man and man !
To iliee a woman's Cervices arc due ;
My fool ufurps my body. Shate'f. King tear.

Here might be fcen a great difference betv\eer
men praflifed to £ght, and men accuftnmed only
to fpoll. Hayward.

4. Difpute ; debate ; quarrel ; controverfy.

What was the difference f
It was a contention in pubiick. Sbak. Cymh,
He is weary of his life, tliat hith a dfferencc with
any «-f them, and will walk abroad after daylight.

Sand'fi.

Nothing could have fallen out more unluckily

than that there iTiould be fuch differences among

them about that which they pretend to be the only

means of ending dfferencei. TMIoijon.

5. Dittinftion.

Our conftltution docs not only make z difference
between the guilty and the innocent, but, even
among the guilty, between fuch as are more orlefs
criminal. jiddifin's Freeholder.

6. Point in queftionj ground of contro-
verfy.

Are you acquainted with the difference
That holds this prefent guelUon in the court ?

Sbaheffeare,

7. A logical diftinftion.

Somf are never without a difference j and com-
monly, by amufing men with a fubtilty, blanch the
matter. Bacon.

8. Evidences of diftinftion ; differential
marks.

Honry had the title of fovereign, yet did not put
thofe things in execution which arc the true marks
and dffcri'vrei n( fovcreignty. Davia.

9. DiftiniSl kind.

This is notorioufly known in fome difference! of
brake or fern. Brcn'ns Vulgar Errcurs.

To Di'fference. "J. a. [from the noun.]
To caufe a difference ; to make one
thing not the fame as another.

Moil arc apt to feck all the differences of letters
in thofe articulating motions; whereas feveral com-
binations of letters are framed by the very fame
motions of thofe orcrans which are commonly ob-
ferved, and are differenced by other concurrent
caufcs. Bolder.

Gr.ifs differenceth a civil and well cultivated re«
gion from a barren and def date wilderntfs. Rjy.

We fee nothing that differences the courage of
Mneftheus from that of Sergefthus.

Pope's Effay en Homer.

DIFFERENT, adj. [(rom differ.']
I. Diftinft ; not the fame.

There are covered galleries that lead from thp
palace to five different churches. jSddiJon on Italy.

z. Of contrary qualities.

The Britons change
Sweet native home for unaccuft.nn'd air,
And other climes, where diff'rent food aW fiil
Portend dillcmpers. Ptilift-

3. Unlike ; diflimilar.

Neither the Ihape of faces, nor the age, nor the
colour, ought to be alike in all figures, any more
than the hair ; becaiife men arc as different from
each other, as the tegioas ia which they arc burir
arc different* Prjden's Dujrejr.oy.

n I F

Happing conGfts in th'mgs which produce plei.
furc, and in the abfencc of thofe which caufe any
pain : nuw thefe, to different men, are very different
things. ^ Lr.tke,

Difpere'nti AL Method, is applied to
the doi^rine -of infinitefimals, or infi-
nitely imall quantities, called the arith-
metick of fluxions. It confills in de-
fccnding from whole quantities to their
infinitely imall differences, and com-
paring together thefe infinitely fmall
differences, ot what kind focver they be :
and from thence it takes the name of
the differential calculus, or analyfis of
infinitefimals. Harris.

Dj'pferently. adti. [from different.]
In a different manner.

He may conlidcrhow dffertntly he is afFefted by
the fame thought, which prefents itfelf in a great
writer, from what he it when he finds it delivered
by an ordinary genius. jiddifm,

Di'fferinolv. adv. [from differing.]
In a different manner.

Such protuberant and concave parts of a furface
may remit the light fo differingly, as to vary a co-
lour. BcKle.

DIFFI'CIL. adj. [diffcilis, Latin.]

1. Difficult; hard; not eafy j not obvi-
ous. Little ufed.

That that Ihnuld give motion to an unweildr
bulk, which itfelf hath neither bulk nor motion,
is of as difficil appreheniion as any myftery in na-
ture. GlanvUle's Scejjit.
Latin was not more difficil.

Than to a blackbird 'tis to whiftle. Hudihras.

2. Scrupulous ; hard to be perfuaded.

The cardinal finding the pope difficil in granting
the difpenfation, doth ufe it as a principal argu-
ment, concerning the king's merit, that he had
touched none of thofe dcniers which had been le-
vied by popes in England. Bacon.

DiFFt'ciLNESs. ti.f. [from difficil.] Dif-
ficulty to be perfuaded ; incompliance ;
imprafticability. A word not in ufe,
but proper.

There be tliat in their nature do not af{e€t the
good of others : the lighter fort of malignity turn-
eth but to a croffnefs, or frowardnefs, or aptnefs to
oppofc, or dijicilnefi, or the like j but the deeper
fort, to envy and mere mifchicf. Bacon,

Di'FFlCULT. adj. [diffcilis, Latin.]
I. Hard ; not eafy ; not facil.

It is difficult in the eyes of this people. Zachar,
z. Troublefome ; vexatious.

3. Hard to pleafe j pee\'ilh ; morofe.
Di'fficultly. adv. [from difficult,]

Hardly ; with difiiculty.

A man, wljo has always indulged himfelf in the
full enjoyment of his ftation, wili Ji^fi////y be per-
fuaJcd to think any methods unjult that ofter to
continue it. RcfertU Sermons.

Di'fficulty. n./. [horn difficult ; diffi.
cuke, French.]

1 . Hardnefs ; contrariety to eafinefs or fa-
cility.

The religion which, by this covenant, we en.
gag? ourfclves to obfene, is a work of labour and
difftulty; a feivice that requires our greatefl care
and attention. Rogers,

2. That which is hard to accomplilh ; that
which is not eafy.

They miftake difficulties for impoflibilities : a
pernicious miftake certainly; and the more per.
nicious, for that men arc feldom convinced of it,
till their convidtluns do them no good. South.

3. Diftrefs ; oppofition.

Thus, by degrees, he rjfe to Jove's imperial feafi

Thus i/i^.<(/ri«provealouUcgitimately great. /)r)'£/.

4. Perplexity

b rif

4. Perplexity in affairs ; uneaMefs of cir-
cumAances.

They lie under fome difficulties by reafon of the
emperor's difpleafur^, fcho has forbidden their ma-
nutaaures. MM/in on Italy.

'5. Objedion; cavil.

Men Aould confider, that raJfingrf/^f »/<;"« con-
cerning the myfteries in religion, cannot make
them more wife, learned, or virtuous. Swift.

To DIFFI'DE, V. n. yiffido, Latin.] To
diftruft; to have no confidence in.

With hope and fear
The woman did the new folution hear:
The man ii^dei in his own augury.
And doubts the gods. Dryder.

Di'ffidence. n./. [from e/ij^t/e.]

1. Diftruft; want of confidence in others.

No man almoft thought himfell' fecure, and men
durft fcarce commune or talk one with another;
but there was a general diffidence every where.

Bacon's Henry VII.
You have brought fcandal
To IfracI, diffidence of God, and doubt
In feeble hearts, propenfe enough before
To waver. Miltcn's Agtmj/le,.

2. Doubt; want of confidence in ourfelves.

If the evidence of its being, or that this is its
true fenfe, be only on probable proofs, our aflent
"." "".'' "" higher than an affurance or diffidence
arifing from the more or lefs apparent probability
of the proofs. Ltcie.

Be fiient always when you doubt your fenfe ;
And fpealc, though fure, with feeming diffidence.

Pipe.

Whatfoever atheifts think on, or whatfoever
they look on, all do adminiller fome reafons for
fufpicion and diffidence, left poflibly they may be
in the wrong ; and then it is a fearful thing to fall
into the hands of the living God. Bentley.

Di'ffjdent. adj. [horn diffide.}

1. Diftruftful; doubting others.

Be not diffident
Ofwifdom; flie deferts thee not, if thou
Difinifs not her, when moft thou need'ft her nigh.

_,. . , ^ , Miiton.

Plmy fpeaks of the Seres, the fame people with
the Chincfe, as being very fliy and d'^mt in their
marner of dealing. jirbuthnci.

2. Doubtful of an event, ufed of things ;
uncertain.

I was reaUy fo diffident of it, » to let it lie by
me thcfc two years, juft as you now fee it. Pmic.

3. Doubtful of himfelf; not confident.

I am not fo confident of my own fufficicncy, as
not willingly to admit the counfcl of others j but
yet I am not fo diffident of myfelf, as brutifhiy to
fubmit to any man's diftates. King Charles.

Diftrefs makes the humble heart diffident.

To piFFI'ND. -v. a. [diffirtdo, Latinffro
cleave in two; to fpl it. £)/^7

DiFF.'ssiON. „./ [diJiJJio.Luin.] The
aft of cleaving or fplitting. Dm.

Diffla'tio.v. «./. {dtfflare, Latin.] The
ad of fcattcring with a blatt of wind.

T, e " Dia.

D-i FPLUENCE. \n./. [from diffluo, Lzt.-\

Di PFLUEKCY. f The quality of falling

away on all fides; the effect of fluidity ■

the contrary to confiftency. '

Ice iL waccr cong-aleJ by the frigidity of rhe

air, whereby it acquireth no new form, but rather

a confiftence or determination of ifs diffiucncf : and

amitteth not its efibncc,- but condition of Huidity.

_ , ,. , Brmns rulgar Err,,urs.

Di FFLUENT. adj. [dtffluen,, Lat.] Flow-
J"r?r.^^''^"'*>''. "O'.confifte'it; not fixed.

DrFFORiM. adj. [horn rorm'a. Latin.]
'^ ' " I ; having parts of

Contrary to uniform, ^^ , „.

different flruOuxe ; diffimilar ; unlike ;

D I F

irregular : as, a difform flower, one of
which the leaves are unlike each other.

The unequal refradions of dijfcnr. rays proceed
not from any contingent irregularities ; fuch as are
veins, an uneven poliih, or fortuitous pofition of
the pores of glafs. K^wton.

Diffo'rmitv. «./ [from aV^rwj.] Di-
verfity of form j irregularity ; dilTimi-
litude.

While they murmur againft the prefent difpofurc
of things, they defire in them a difformily from
the primitive rule, and the idea of that mind that
formed all things belt. Brmvn's Vulgar Erraurs,
Diffra'nchisement. n.f. [franchiji,
French.] The aft of taking away the
privileges of a city.
r^DIFFU'SE. -v. a. [difu/us, Latin.]

1. To pour out upon a plane, fo that the
liquor may run every way ; to pour
without particular diredlion.

When thefe waters began to rife at (irft,. long
before they coi,ld fwell to the height of the moun-
tains, they would diffuje themfelves every way.

Burnet's Theory,

2. To fpread ; to fcatter ; to dil'perfe.

Wifdom had ordain'd
Good out of evil to create; inftead
Of fpirits malign, a better race to bring
Into their vacant room, and thence diffufe
His good to worlds, and ages, infinite. Milton.
No fedl wanu iu apoftles to propagate and diffufe
"• Decay of Piety,

A chief renown'd in war,
Whofe race (hall bear alo.l the Latian name.
And through the conquer'd world dijitfe our fame.

Drydtn,
His eyes diffused a venerable grace.
And charity itfclfwas in his face.

DrydenU Good Parfon,
Diffu'sb. adj. {diffu/us, Latin.]

1 . Scattered ; widely fpread.

2. Copious ; not concife.
Di ffu'se d. participial adj. [from diffufe.]

This word feems to have fignified, in
Shake/feare's time, the fame as wild,
uncouth, irregular.

Let them from forth a fawpit ru(h at once,
With fome diffufed fong. Slak. M. fV. ofmndf.

He grows like favages.
To fwearing and ftern looks, diffas'd attire,
And every thing that feems unnatuial.

ifhaicffjearc's Henry V".

Di ffu'se d ly. ad-j, [from diffufed.] Wide-
ly ; difperfedly ; in manner of that
which is fpread every way.

Diffi/sedness. n, f. [from dffu/id.]
The (late of being diffuied ; diiperfion.

DiFFu'sELY. adv. [nom diffufe.]

1. Widely; extenfively.

2. Copioufly; not concifely.
DiFFu'siON. n.f, [from diffufe.]
I. Difperfion ; \^ ftate of being fcattered

D I G

T>'iffufive of ttienfclves, where'er thev pals
Thiy make thtit wainith in others they'expcdl •.

Their valour works like bodies on a glafs,
And aces its image on their men projeft. Dryd.
2. Scattered; difperfed ; having the qua-
lity of fuffering diffufion.

All liquid bodies are diffuftve ; for their parts,
being in motion, have no connexion, but glide and
fallofl'any way. Burnet's Theory of the Earths

No man is of fo general and diffujive a lull, as
to profecute his amours all the world over. South,

The ftars, no longer overlaid witli weight.
Exert their heads from underneath the mafs.
And upward Ihoot, and kindle as tliey psis.
And with i/i^i</t»lighc.adorn their heav'nly placeV
. Dry den ^

Cherifh'd with hope, and fed with joy, it grows j
Its cheerful buds their opening bloom dililole.
And round the happy foil diffuf-ve odour flows.

3. Extended.

They arc not agreed among themfelves where
infallibility is fcated ; whether in the pope alone,
or a council al.mc, or in botli together, or in the
diffuffvs body of Chriftians. Titictfin.

Diffu'sively. adu. [from diffitf,'ve.'\
Widely; extenfively; every way.

Diffu'siveness. n.f. [from diffuftve.]

1. Extenfion ; difperfion; the power of
diffufing ; the ftate of being diffufed.

2. Want 6f concifeneis ; large compal's of
exprefiion.

The fault that I find with a modern legend. Is
its diffufi-..er,ejs : you have fometimes the whola.
fiJe of a medal over-run with it. Addij. on Med,
To DIG. 'V. a, preter. dug, or digged i
part. paff. dug, or digged, [bic, Saxon, »
ditch; i/v^iTiDanilh, to dig.j

1 . To pierce with a fpade..-

Then laid he unto mc, Son of man, dig now In
the wall ; and when I had digged in the wall, I
beheld a door. '" Exek,

2. To form by digging.

Seek with heart and mouth to buildup the wall*
of -Jerufalem, which you have broken down ; and
to fill up the mines that you have digged, by craft
and fubticty, to overthrow the fame.' WiAigft..

He built tjwers in the defert, and diggtd many
— "-■ for he had mucli cattle. 2 Cira;. xxvl. 10.

every way

Whereas all bodies aft cither by the communi-
cation of their natures, or by th* imprcirioBs .md
fignatuics of their motions, the diffufon n( f|)ecies
vifible fee.-ncih to participate more of the farmer
operation, and the fpcciej; audible nf the latter.

Bacrn's Natural Ilijlory.
A ffieet of very well flecked marbled paper did
not call diftir.a colours upon the wall, nor throiv
its light with an equal diffufion; but threw its
beams, undjined and bright, to th^s and that part
of the wall. Boyle on Colours.

.2. Copioufnefs ; exuberance of (lyle-
DiFPu'siVB. adj, [i}om diffufe.]
I. Having the quality of Icattering any
thing every way.

3. To cultivate the ground by turning it
with a fpade.

The walls of your garden, without their furni-
ture, look as ill as thofc of your houfc ; fo that
you cannot dig up your garden too often. Temple.

Be firll to dig the ground, be firft to burn
The branches lopt. Drydens Virgil;^

4. To pierce with a fljarp point.

A.rav'nous vulture in his opcn'd fide
Her crooked beak and cruel talons tried ;
Still for the growing liver digg'd his breaft,
The growing liver ftiU fupplied the fcjft.

. Drydsn's JEneiJ.

5. To gain by digging.

It is digged out of even the highed raoiintjlns,
snd all parts of the earth contingently; as the py,
'•''^- IVoodward^ .

Nor was the ground alone- requir'd to bear
Her annual income to the crooked fliarc ;
But greedy mortals, ninimaging her ftore,
^'Sf^ •'■'"" her entraili firft the precious ore.
,_ Dryden's Oi'iJ,.

To Die. -v. n. To work with' a fpade ; to
work in making holes, or tca-ning the
ground..

They long for death,.but it comethnot ; and dir

, forit mo.e than fjr hid treafures, 'Job,Wu^x,

The Italians have often dug into lanJs, defcribed

in old authori as the places where ftatues or obe-

liflts ftood, and feldoao failed of fuccefs.

Addifon's Travels.

T»

D I G

D I G

DIG

y» Dig up. v. a. To throw up that which
is covered with euith.

If I iligg'tl uf iliy turefather! gravfs,
And bun^ tiicir rutlen coffins up in chains*
It vA-ouM not (like rr.i e ire. Shaktfpiere.

Di'cAMY. n. f. [JiyafA'.a.] Second mar-
jiage ; marriage to a fccond wife after
ihe death of tlie firft : as bigautj, having
<wo wives at once.

Dr. Champnv only proves, that archbifliop Cran-

iincr was twice married j which is not denied : bu;

brings nothing to proy; that fuch bigamy, or digj-

jirji rather, deprives a bilbup of the lawful ufe of his

power of ordainirg, £i^*> Frrre.

Cl'c.ERENT. aJJ. [Jigerens, Latin.] That

which has the power of digelUng, or

caufing digeftion. Di3.

Di'oES r. n.J. [digejla, Latin.] The pan-

Jeil of the civil law, containing the opi-

oione of the ancwnt lawyers.

1 had a purpufe to make a particular digrji, or
JTCompilcnicnt to the laws of mine own nation.

Baccn,
Laws in the i'lgrjl (hew that the Romans ap-
plied thetrfelves to trade* jirbuthntt en C'-inj.
yo DIGE'ST. V. a. [Jigero, digeftum, La-
tin.]

1. To diflribute into various clafles or re-
pofuories j to range or difpofe meiho
dically.

2. To concoiSl in the ftomach, fo as that
the various particles of food may be ap-
plied to their proper ufe.

]f little faults, proceeding on dillemper,
jShall not be wink\d at, howfiiall wc fVretchoure^e,
When capital crimes chew'd, fwallow'd, and d:-

gepid.
Appear ? Sbahtffiarc's Henry V.

Each then has organs to digeji his food ;
One to beget, and one receive, the brood. Prhr,

3. To foften by heat, as in a boiler, or in
a dunghill : a chemical term.

4. To range methodically in the mind ; to
apply 'knowledge by meditation to its
proper ufe,

Choien friends, with fenfc refined,
Learning d'lgrJicH well. Themfin,

, {. To reduce to any plan, fcheme, or me-
thod.

Our play
l,eaps o'«r the vaunt and firftlings of thofe broils,
'Ginning i' th' middle : darting thence away
To what may be d'lgrjitd in a play. Slakcffeare.

£. To receive without loathing or repug-
nance ; not to rejeft.

Firrt, let us go to dinner*
~-N»y, Jet me praijc you while 1 have a ftomach.
—No, prny thee, let i: icrvc for tabJc-talk ;
Then, howfoe'cr thnu fpeak'ft, 'mong other things
I fliall <//»<y? it. Shaieffcarc's Merchant tfVenki.
Theplcafancenf numbers is, that rudenefs ai^d
barbarifm might the better tafte >ni4%iijl the Icf-
fons of civility. Piacbam.

7, To r-eccive and enjoy.

Cornwal and Albany,
With ay two daughters dowers, digtji the third.

Sbakrfptarc,

8. [In chirurgery.] To difpofe a wound
to generate pus in order to a cure.

yoDiGE's r. 1;. n. To generate matter, as

a wound, and tend to a cure.
DiGi'siER. »./. [from aVf^y?.]

1. He that digefts or difpofes*

2. He that digefts or concodls his food.

People that are bilious and fat, rather thin lean,
are great caters and ill dg.ftn-t. yl-liutlmit.

3. A llrong veflel or engine, contrived by
M. I'apin, wiicrein to boil, witx a very

ftroBg heat, any bony fabftane«i fo as
to reduce them into a fluid (late. ^iney.
4. That which caufcs or ftrengthens the
concodivc power. '

R cc is of excellent ufe for all illnefTrs of the
ftomach, a great reftoter of health, and a grcdt
diff^--r. I'tmf'lf-

Djge'stible. adj. [from digej}.'] That
which is capable of being digelted or
conceded in the ftomach.

I'liofc medicines that purge by ftool are, at the
fill), not digifiibit by the llvmach, and diierefure
mo\t immcoiately downwards tn the guts.

Bcim's Natural Hificry.

Digb'stion. n.f. [from <%£/?.]

1 . The aft of digefting or conceding food
in the ftomach.

Now good digefticit wait on appetite,
And health on both. Sbakeffcare's Macbeth.

Digepio* is a fermentation begun, becaufe there
are all the tequifites cf fuch a fermentation ; heat,
air, and motion : but it is not a complete fermenta-
tion, becaufe that requires a greater time than the
continuance of the aliment in the ftomach : vege-
table putrefaftion refembles very much animal di-
gcjiktt* ySrbutbnot on Alimenti,

Quantity of food cannot be determined by mea-
fures and weights, or any general LeHian aules \
but muft vary with the vigour or decays of age or
of health, and the ufe or difofe of ^ir or of exer-
cife, with the changes of appetite; and then, by
what every man may firid or fufpeft of the prefcnt
ftrength or wcaknefs of digrfilan. Temple.

'Every morfel t > a fatislicd hunger, is only a new
labour to a tired digeji,c,n. Siutb.

2. The preparation of matter by a chemi-
cal heat.

We conceive, indeed, that a pcrfcft good on-
coftion, or dige^ion, or maruralion of fome metals,
will produce gold* Bacon s Natural Hijiory.

Did chymick chance the furnaces prepare,
Raife all the Ubour-houfes of the air.
And lay crude vapours mdigejikn there ? B/acimcre.

3. Reduftion to a plan ; the aft of metho-
difiiig ; the maturation of a defign.

The d'tgcjlton of the counfels in Swedjii is made
in fcnatc, conlilting of forty counfellors, who are
generally the greateft men. lemptc.

4. The aft of difpofmg a wound to gene-
rate matter.

5* The difpofition of a wound or fore to
generate matter*

The firft liage of healing, or the difcharge of
matter, is by furgeons called digrflion.

Sbjrp*s Surgery.

Dice'stive. adj. [from dJgefi.]

1. Having the power to caule digeflion,
or to ftrengthen the ftomach.

A chilifjftory racnitruum, or a digefii-ve pre-
paration, drawn from fpecies or individuals, whofe
ilomachs peculiarly diflblve lapideous bodies.

Brnuni Vulgar Erroun.

2. Capable by heat to foften and fubdue.

The earth and fun were in that very ftatej the
one aftivc, piercing, and digrftive, by its heat ; the
other palTive, receptive, and ftoted with materials
for fuch a production. hale.

3. Methodifing ; adjufting.

To bufmefs, ripcn'd by digeftive thought.
This future rule is into method brought. Drydcn.

Dice'stive. »■/. [horn i)igejl.'\ An ap-
plicauon which difpolies a wound to ge-
nerate matter.

1 drelfcd it with digtjimet, fTifrm. tinAhfciffeu

Dice'sturb. »./. Concoftion: not ufed.

Neither tie yourlelf always to eat meats of eafy
dtgejlure J fuch as veal, Iwectbreads. liarvry.

Di'ccfR. n.f. [from dig.'] One that
, opens the ground with a fpade.

When # vifited mines, we h«v« beln told by
Jiggers, tMleven when the (ky fecmed clear, lhn»
WKuld fuddenly arife a ftcam fu thick, that it would
I u> out their candles* Bnyle,

To Di'oHT. "v. a, [bihran, to prepare, to

regulate, Saxon.]
I. To drcfs; to deck; to bedeck; to em-
bellifh ; to adorn It feems always to
fignify the paft ; the participle paflive
is dight, as dighttd in Hudtbrat is per-
haps improper.

Let my due feet never fail
To walk the (ludious cloiftert pale ;

And love the hijjh embowed roof,-

With antick pillar, malTy proof;
And ftoricd windows richly digbt.
Calling a dim religious light* Mi/tait

Juft lo the proud infulring lafs
Array'd and digbted Hudibras. Hudtbrat,

2* To put on.

On Ills head his dreadful hat he dight.
Which maketh him invifible to fight. Hub, TaU.

Di'ciT. »./. [digitus, Latin.]

1. The mealure of length containing three
fourths of an inch.

If tile inverted tube of mercury be but twenty-
fivt digits high, or fomewhat more, the c,u cktilver
will not fall, but remain fufpcndeu in the tube, be.
caufe it cannot prefs the fubjacent mercury with
fo great a force as doth the incumbent cylinder of
the air, reaching then<;e to the top of the atroo-
fphcre. Bcyle^s Spring cf the Air,

2. The twelfth part of the diameter of the
fun or moon.

3. Any of the numbers exprefled by (ingle
figures ; any number to ten : fo called
from counting upon the fingers.

Not only the nuii^b^>s leven a -rt nme, from con«
fiderations abftrufe, have been extolled by moft,
but all or m^ft of other digits have been as myfti-
cally applauded. £r>tvn s Vulgar Errours,

Di'gitated. adj. [from digitus, Latin.]
Branched out intodivifions like lingers ;
as a digitated ieat is a leaf compofed of
many (mall leaves.

For aniniali muitifidous, or fuch as are digitated,
or have I'eveiai divifions in thrir feet, there ate but
two that are uniparous; that is, men and elc.
phan'S. Bryjun^t Vulgar Errcurs,

Dici.adia'tiON. n./. [diglaaiatia, La-
tin ] A combat with fwords; any quar-
rel or contert.

Arift' tie Iccms purpofely to intend the cherifli-
ing of jcontrpverfial diglaitiutiani, by his own alTcc-
tion of an intricate ohlcurity. Gtarville^s $,cf-^s,

Di'cNiFiED,c<^'. {from dignify.] Invefted
with fome dignity: it is uled chiefly of
the clergy.

Abbots are (lied dignified clerk;, as having fome
dignity in the church* Ayliffe'i Parergcn.

Dicnifica'tion. n.f. [from digitijyj]
Exaltation.

I grant that where a noble and ancient defcent
and merit meet in any man, it is a double digr.iji-
calion of that ptrfon. Ji^alton'i Angler,

To DI'GNIFY. 1/. a. [from dignus and
facio, Latin.]

1. To advance; to prefer; to exalt. Ufed
chiefly of the clergy.

2. To honour ; to adorn ; to give luftre to;
to improve by fome adventitious excel-
lence, or honourable diftinftion*

Such a day.
So fought, fo follow'd, and fo fairly won,
Came not till now to dignify the times
Since Caeliir's fortune* ! &takej[>eare't Henry IV,

Not that we think us worthy fuch a gueft.
But that yo<v worth vrill dignify oiu teal).

Bin y^nfin.
No

D I G

No turbotj dignify my boardi J
- But gudgcoM, flounders, wliat ray Thames affords.

Fofe.

Di'cNiTARY. n.f. [from Jignus, Latin.]

A clergyman advanced to fome dignity,

to fome rank above that of a parochial

prieft.

If there be my Jigmiaries, whofe preferments are
perhapt not liable to the iccufation of fuperfluily,
they may be perfoni of fupetior nnerit. Sv/jft,

Di'oNiTV. »./ [Manilas, Latin.]

1. Rank of elevation.

Angeli ars not any where fpoken fo highly of as
our Lord and Saviour Jefus Chrift, and are not in
diprity equal to hin:i. U'jckfr.

2. Grandeur of mien ; elevation of afpeft.

Some men have a native dsgn'uy, which will pro-
cure them more regard by a look, than others can
ob;:.tn by the moft imperious commands. CJariJj'ii.

3. Advancement; preferment; high place.

Faflcr than fpring-time fliow'rs comes thought
on thought,
And not a thought but thinks on dignity. Shak.

For thofe of old,
Aad thefe late d'gn'.rit! hrap'd up to them. St't.

A, [Among ccclefiafticks ] By a dignity
we underftand that promotion or prefer-
ment to which any jurifdiftion is an-
nexed. » Ayliffe's Parergon.

5. Ma.fims ; general principles : xtfiai

The fciences cincluding fiom dlgnitiri, and prm-
ciples known by thtmfclvcs, receive not fatisfac-
tion from probable reafoas, much Icfs Ciom bare af-
fcverations. Brcncn,

6. [In aftrology.] The jplanet is indig-
nity when it is in any fign.

DiGNo'riON. /;./. [from dignofco, Latin.]
. Diftinftton ; dilHnguifhing mark.

That temperamental (i/fnc'r-Bi, a.iJconjeflureof
prevalent humours, may be c-jilc^cd from fpots in
our ualls, »c are not avcrfe to concede.

Briti'r,'i yul^ar Errsvrs*

To DIGRE'SS. -v. n. [digrefus, Latin.]

1 . To turn afide out of the road.

2. To depart from the main defign of a
difcourl'e, or chief tenour of an argu-
ment.

In the pnrfuit of an argument there '\i hanily
room to digrffs into a particular definition, ai
ofics as a man varies the figni&cation of any term.

3. To wander; to expatiate.

It feemeth (to digriji no farther) that the Tar-

digreji 1
; fo far,

tariani, fpreading fo far, cannot be the Ifracliies.

Bnmvsod.

4. To go oat of the right way, or common
- track ; to tranfgrefs ; to deviate : not
in ufe>

1 am come to keep my word,
Thoufth in fom: part liii fi,rccd to dlgrcfs,
•Whirli 1- r.' ••■ irifure I will fo excuk
As be fati.6ed. Staitjfctre.

1i ■<: ii but a Torm of wax,

Digf-t^l^i- from the valour of a man. Sbatifptarf,
Dicbe'ssiOn. »./ [digrtjia, T,nin.]
I. A paiTage deviating from the main te-
nour or ccfign of a difcourfe.

The good mtn thought fo mudi nf hii late con-
ceiveil commonwealth, that all other matters were
buti/i^rf^cni to him. Sidney.

He, ftit knew, would intermix
Grattful di«r'-T'-''. a-.d fjlve high difpote
W.th con; MiltiK.

Here f\^ . I murt m',k", t' accufc

Thee, my i

To cont'
the be*t a'jtii'>rc ipri > ;c wim -vntr.- w.m ; : ;t, ^
digfrffimi, with which they rccreatt the irin,<! , 01
tfieir readers. Dryd<n.

■ V01..L

n I L

2. Deviation.

The digrelff^r. of the fun is not equal ; but, near
t)ie cquinoitial interfeftions, it is right and greater ;
near the folftltes, more obli<jue and leffer.

Br'j^vn's Vulgar Errcurs.

Di J u D 1 c a't ION. tt.JV[diJudicatie, Latin.]

Judicial dillinftion.
Dike. «./ [bic, Saxon; dji. Erfe.]

1. A channel to receive water.

The dykfs arc fiii'd, and with a roaring found
The rifing rivers float the nether graund.

Drydiv's yirgil.
The king of dykes I than whom no fluice ol
mud
With deeper fable blots the filver flood.

Pope's Duncitid.

2. A mound to hinder inundations,

God, that breaks up the flood-gates of fo great
a deluje, and all the art and indiifiry of man is not
fufficient to raife up dykes and rampatts againft it.

To piLA'CERATE. -v. a. [dilactro, La-
tin.] To tear; to rend; to force in
two.

The infant, at the aceompliflied period, flrug-
gling to come forth, dilaceratts ana breaks thole
parts which retrained him before.

Brown s Vufgjr Errcuis,

Dilacera'tion. n.f. [from dilaceratio,
Latin.] The aft of rending in two.

Thegreatelt (eri'ation of pain is by the obftruc-
tion of the fmall vatfels, and diUccraiian of the ncr-
Yons fibre?. Arbuthiiat.

To Dila'niate. t. a. [diiaaie, Latin.]
To tear ; to rend in pieces.

Rather than they would dilamatt the entrails of
their own mother, and cxpofc h:r thereby to be
raviflied, they met half way in a gallant kind?

HmvePt Eng, Tears,
To piLA'PlDATE. v. n. [dilapido, La-
tin.] To go to ruin ; to fall by decay.
DlLAPlDA'riON.w.y; [dilapidatio, hMin.]
Th-j incumbent's fuffering the chancel,
or any other edifices of his ecclefiaflical
living, to go to ruin or decay, by ne-
glefting to repair the fame : arid it like-
wife extends to his committing, or Aif-
fering to be committed, any wilful wafte
in or upon the glebe-woods, or any
other inheritance of the church.

Ayliffe' s Partrgon.
'Ti» thedutyof allchurch-warLins to prevent th?
• di/a/iidaiitns of tha chancel and manfion-houfc be-
longing to the reQor or vicar. Aylijfe's Pcrergon.
Dilatabi'litv. n.f. [(com dilatable ]
The quality of admitting extenfion.

We take notice of the wonJerful dil.itabilily or
extennveneli of the gull-tn of ferpents : I have
taken two aJult mice out of the ftomach of an ad-
der, whofe neck was ust bigger than my little fin-

By this continual contraSability and dilatability,

by difFcient degrees of heat, the air is kept in a con-

ftant motion. jiriuitiiot.

D I L a't able. eidj. [from dilate.'] Capable

of extenfion.

The windpipe divides itfcif into a great number
of branches called bronchia : thefe end in fmall air
bladders, di/ataile and contra£tible, capable to be
inflated by the adniifiion of air, and to fubfidc at
the cxpulfion of it. Arialbmtcn yl/imen s.

Dilata'tiow. «._/; \itom dilataiio, La-
tin.]

1. The aft of extending into greater
fpace : oppofed to conlraHion.

The iTiotKJijs of the tongue, by cantraftion and
diljiaiiitr, arc fo eafy and lo fublie, that you ca.)
hardly conceive or diftinguifli them aright. C'tder.

2. The ftate of being extended ; the rtate

D I L

in which the parts are at more diftancc
from each other.

Joy caufeth a chcerfulnefs uii vigour in the
eyes ; (inging, leaping, dancing, and fomotimcs
tears : all thefe are the eflTcifts ot the di/ateiion, ani
coming forth of the fpirits into the outward par ts.
Bacon's N.llural Hijlory,
The image of the fun fliould be drawn our into
an oblong form, eitlier by «rfito<i.'/m of every m,
or by any other cafual inequality of the tefraainn's.

_ _ . . Ni'Msn,

TomLATE.-v.a. [dilato, Latin.]

1 . To extend ; to fpread out ; to enlarge {
opp&fcd to centraii.

But ye thereby much greater glory gate,
Than had ye fort?d with a prince's peer; /

l"or now your light doth more itfelf rfj/arf.
And in my darlcnefs greater doth api-aar. Sf infer,

Satan alarm'd,
Cjjlleaing all his might, di/ated llood.
Like Tenetifl^ or Atlas, unremov'd. Miiton,

Opener of mine eyes,
Dim crrt ; dileitcd fpirits, ampler heart.
And growing up to godhead : which for thee
Chiefly I fuughtj without thee can defpife. MJt.

Through all the air his founding ftrings dihtc
Sorrow, like that which touch'd our hearts of late.

IfaUer.

Diflus'd, it rifes irt a hightr fphere ;
Ddtttti its drops, and foftens into air. Prierm

1 mark the various fui7 of the winds ;
Thefe neither feaUns guide, nor ord^r binds :
They now di/jte and now contraft their force ;
Various their (peed, butcndlcfs is their courfe.

Prior,

The fecond refraSion would fpread the rays one
way as mutli as the firft doth another, and ia dilate
the image in breadth as mucli as the firft doth ii^
length. ' NttutcH.

2. To relate at large ; to tell diffufely and
copioully.

But he would not endure that woful theain
For to ddan at large ; but urged fore.
With piercing words, and pitiful implore.
Him hafty to arife. Fairy S^gent,

I obferving,
Took once a pliant hour, and found good meaoi
To draw from her a prayer of earned heart,
'i'hat 1 woiilu all my pilgrimage dilate^
Whereof by parcels /he had fomcthitij heard.
But not diftindHvely. Staktffeare's Oihello.

To Di(. a'te. -v. n.

1. To widen ; to grow wide.

His licart diUtts and glories in his ftrength.

Mdifim,

2. To fpeak largely and copioufly.

It may bi? boln/veful for princes, in matters of
grace, to tranfaci the fame publicity, and by thntj-
Iclves; or their miniftcis ta<^(/w«upiHi it, and im-
pi.ivc their luftre, by any addition or eloquence of
fp^'ch. Chut.dcr^.

Dila'tor. tt./. [from dilate.] That
which widens or extends.

The bu-cinat<">rrs, or blowers up of the cheeks,
and the di/atort of the nofc, are too ftrong in cho-
Icrick people. yiibui/jnot.

Di'latouness. n. / [from dilatory.]
'I'he quality of being dilatory; llow-
nefs ; lluggifhnefs.
DJ'LATORY. adjt [dilatoire, Fr. dHato.
rius, Latin.] 'i'ardy ; flow ; given ta
procrafti nation ; addifted to delay ; flug-
gilh ; loitering.

An inferior council, after former tedious fuita
in a higher court, would be but di/utory, and (b tj
little purpofe. Hayu'arAt

What wound did ever heal but by degrees f
Thou know'ft we work by wit, and not by witch-
craft;
Ami wit depends on dilatery time. Shak. 0:bt!!i,

Thefe cardinals trifle wirh me; I abhor
Thii dilateri floth, and tricks of Rome.

ShaUJftare't Henry VIU.
3 X Di!ato<j

D I L

Di/atery fortune "pltyi th*J1lt
Wiih the brave, niiblc, honeft, gallant maUi
To thrtw herlclt away on fools anJ knaves. Ortray.
A dilatory temper commits innumerable crueltlcf
without defign. jUiij-in'i SfeHaHr.

Di L e'c T I o N . »./ [dihaio, Latin. ] The
aft of loving ; Icindnefs.

_ So free is Chrift's diltOuir, that the grand con-
dition of our felicity ii our belief.

Boyte's Serafbk Love,
BiLe'mma. «./ [J.X.[u;«a.]

1. An argument equally conclufive by con-
trary fuppofitions. A young rhetorician
applied lo an old fophill to be taught
the art of pleading, and bargained for
a certain reward to be paW, when he
Jhould gain a caufe. The mailer fued
for his reward, and the fcholar endea-
voured to elude his claim by a dilemma :
If I gain my caufe, I (hall withhold your
pay, becaufe the judge's award will be
againfl you ; if I lo(e it, I may with-
hold it, became I Ihall not yet have
gained a caufe. On the contrary, fays
the mafter, if you gain your caufe, you
Biuft pay me, becaufe you are to pay me
when you gain a caufe ; if you lofe it
you muft pay me, becaufe the judge
will award it.

A Jilimma, that Morton ufcd to raife benevo-
lence, fome called his fork, and fome his crotch. .
Baccti's Henry VII.
Hope, whofe weak being ruin'd is
Alike if it fucceed, and if it mifs ;
Whom good or ill does equally confound.
And both the horns of fate's dilemma wound.

Cowley,

2. A dilGcuh or doubtful choice; a vexa-
tious alternative.

A ftrong dilemma in a defp'rate cafe !
To aft with infamy, or quit the place. Swift,

A dire dilemma ; either way I'm fped ;
If foes they write, if friewls they read, me dead.

Pope,

Di'ligence. n.f. [diligentia, Latin.] In-
duftry ; alSduity ; conftancy in bufinefs ;
continuance of endeavour ; unintermit-
ted application ; the contrary to idle-
neft.

Do thy diligence to come Ihortly unto me.

c 7'm, IT. 9.

Brethren, give diligence to make your calling and

eleftion fure. a Pet. i. 10.

DI'LIGENT. adj. [diligent, Latin.]

1. Conftant in application; perfevering
in endeavour ; afliduous; not idle ; not
negligent ; not lazy.

Sccit thuu a min ditigetit in his bufinefs, he
fliall fljnd before kings. Pr<ii', xxii. 19.

2. Conilantly applied ; profecuted with
aftivlty arid pcrfeverance ; afliduous.

And tiie judges fhall make diligent inquificion.

Deut. XIX.

Di'licentlv. adv. [fromdt'ligext,] With
affiduity ; with heed and perfoverance ;
not carelefsly ; not idly ; not negli-
gently,

lf;yi>u inquire not attentively and dirtgenlly, you
ihall liCvtT hi able to difcern a number of mecha-
nical moti'^ns. Bacor;.

The ancients have diligenily examinrd in ivh.it
conClis the beauty 'A good poAurct. Dryd. Du/rcf.

Dii,L. It,/. [biliT, Saxon ] It hath a flen-
der, fibrofe, an-iunl root; the leaves are
like thofe of fennel ; the feeds are oval,
plain, drcaked, and bordered.

DIM

DillU nlki of feed, which !( dp* 1" Auguft.

Murtiner,

DILU'CID. adj, [dilucidut. Latin.]
I. Clear; not opaque,
z. Clear ; plain ; not obfcure.
To DiL v'c 1 D AT E. iJ. a. [from dilu(idare,
Latin.] To make clear or plain ; to ex-
plain ; to free from obfcurity.

I (hall not extenuate, but explain ini dilucidate,
according to the cuftom of the ancients.

Bmon's Vulgar Errniri.

Dilucida'tion. «./". [from dilucidatie,
Latin.] The aft of making clear ; ex-
planation ; expofition.

DI'LUENT. adj. [diluens, Latin.] Hav-
ing the power to thin and attenuate
other matter.

Di'luent. n.f. [from the adjeftive,]
That which thins other matter.

There is no real ditucnt but water : every fluid
IS diluent, as it contains water in it.

^rbuihmt en ytlimats.

To DILU'TE. -v. a, [diluo, Latin.]

1, To make thin ; to attenuate by the ad-
mixture of other parts.

Drinking a large dole of diluted tea, as (he was
ordered by a phyfician, fhe g^'t to bed. L^le,

The aliment ought to be thin to dilute, demul-
cent to temper, or acid to fubdue.

Arbvtbnot on jUimtnii,

2. To make weak.

The chamber was dark, left thefe colours (hould
he diluted inA weakened by the mixture of any ad-
ventitious light. Nnutm.

DiLt;'TE. adj. Thin ; attenuated.

If the red and blue colours were more dilute Jn-'
weak, the diftance of the images would be Icfs than
an inch ; and if they were more intcnfc an Ifull,
that didance would be greater. He-wttn,

Dilv'ter. n, f, [from dilute."] That
which makes any thing elfe thin. •

Water is the only diluttr, and the bed diflblvent
of moft of the ingicdients of our aliment.

/irhuthmt on ylUmenti,

Dilu'tion. ». yi [<//7»/«o, Latin.] The
aft of making any thing thin or weak.

Oppofitc todiluiion is coagulation, or thickening,
which is performed by di/Tipating the moft liquid
parts by heat, or by infinuatlng fome fubftances,
which make the parts of the fluid cohere more
ftrongly. jirtutlnat on Alimcr.ts.

Diiu'vi AN. adj. [from diluvium, Latin.]
Relating to the deluge.

Suppofc that this diluvUiit lake Ihould rife to the
mountain tops in one place, and not diffufe iifelf
equally into all countries about. Burnetii Theory.

DIM. adj. [bimme, Saxon ; dy, Welfh ;
dmv, Erfe.]

1 . Not having a quick fight ; not feeing
clearly. ,

For her true form how can my fpark difcern,
Which, </im by nature, nrt did never clear ? Vavies.

2. Dullof apprehenfion.

The unJerftanding is dim, and cannot by its n.i-
tural light difcover (piritujl truths. Roger:.

3. Not clearly feen } obfcure ; imperfeftly
difcbvered.

We mijiht be able to aim at fome dim and feem-
Ing cnncrption, how matter misht b«gin toexidby
the power of that eternal firft Being. Loeie.

Something, as dim to our internal view,
Is thus perhaps the caufe of all we do. Pope.

4. Obftrufting the aft of vifion ; not lu-
minous ; fomewhat dark.

Her face right wond*rous fair did feem to be,
Tijt her broad bcauty'sbeamgrejtbrightnefs threw
T&raugh the dim Oude, that all men might it fee.

Sptnjer,

DIM

To Dim. V, a, [from the adjeftive.]

1 . To cloud ; to darksTi i to hinder frOM
a full perception of light, and free ex-
erciie of vifion.

As where the Almighty's lightning brand doei

li^iht.

It dimt the dazed eyen, and daunts the fenfes quite.

Spenjer's Fairy Queen.

It bath been obferved by the ancients, that much

ufe of Venus doth dim the fight ; and yet eunuchs,

which are unable to generate, are neverthelcfs alfo

dim fighted. Btnn,

Every one declares agaiuft blindnrfs, and yet who

almoft is not fond of that which dina his fight t

Locke,
For thee I dm tbefe eyes, and ftufF this head.
With all fuch reading as was never rcaJ.

Pr'pe'i Dunciad,

2. To make lefs bright ; to obfcure.

A fliip that through the ocean wide.
By conduS of fome ftar, doth make her way.

When as a ftorm hath d'mm'dhct trufty guide.
Out of her courfe doth wander far aliiay. Spenfer.

All of us have caufe
To wajl the dimming of our fliining ftar.

Statefpeare't Richard III.

Thus while he fpake, each palTion dimm'dV.s face,

-Thrice chang'd. Milton,

The principal figure in a pifture is like a king

among bis courtiers, whu^imiallhisaltefidants.

DlidE'NSION. «,/, Idimeiijlo, La?in!]
Space contained in any thing ; bulk ;
extent; capacity. It is feldom ufed but
in tiie plural. The three dimenfions
are length, breadth, and depth.

He tried
The tomb, and found the ftrait dimenponi wide.

Dryden,

My gentleman was meafuring my walls, and

taking the dimerjioni of the room. Sivift,

Dime'nsionless. adj. [from dimeiiJion,'\

Without any definite bulk.

In they pafi'd
Dimenjionlefs through heav'nty doofs. Mihon,

Dime'nsive. «i^'. [dimen/us, hit."] That
which marks the boundaries or outlines.

A:1 bodies have their mealure, and their fpace;
But who can draw the foul's dimenjhve lines ?

Daviee.

Dimica'tion. »./. [dtmic-atio, Lat,] A

battle ; the aft of fighting ; conteft.

Dia.

Di M I D I a't ion. n.f. [dimidiatio, Latin.]
The aft of halving ; divifion into two
equal parts. - DiH,

TiDIMl'NISH. 'u.a. [dlminue, Lat.]

1. To make lefs by abfciflicn or deftruo-
tion of any part : the oppofite to increafe.

That we call good which js apt to caufe or in-
creafe pleafure, or dimin'fb pain in us. Ltcke%

2. To impair ; to leilen ; to degrade.

Impioudy they thought
Thee to diminijh, a,.d from thfe wilhiraw
Thi- number of thy woi (hlppcrs. Rfillon,

3. To take any thing from that to which
it belongs : the contrary to add.

Nothing was dimirijhed from the fafery of the
king by the imprifonnientof the duke. Hayicetrd,

Ye (hall not add unto the word which I com-
mand you, neither ihall you diminijh aught froia
it. Deut. iv. 2,

Te Dimi.'nish. <v, n. To grow lefs j to
be impaired.

Wh4t judgment I had, increafcs rather than </;"-
tninijlia ; and thought!, luch as tliey are, cwmc
crowding in fo faft upon me, that my only dllK-
culry IS to thufe or toreji-fl. Drydtn.

Crete's ample fields d.>r.inp to our eye;
Bcfoic the B.)real blalb the veii'els &j.

I'rpe's Od^ffty.
Dimi'msh-

DIM

Di M I's I s H I N c L Y . adv. [from dimlKtJh.l
Jn a manner tending to vilify, or leffen.

I never ha^i hira ccniure, or lb much as fpeak
iim'wijhmgly of any one that was abfent. Lxlie.
Diminu'tion. n..'. [diminutio, Lat.]
■ I. The an of maJung lefs : oppofed to
tiuginentatian.

1 he one is not capable of any dimiitatim or aug-
inentation ac all by men ; the other apt to admit
both. . Hooker.

2. The ftate of growing lefs : oppofed to
inaea,e.

The g.-avitating power of the fii;> is tranfmitted
tliroqgh the va!k b-j^ies of the planets without any
diminuihnf fo as to aft upon ail their pans, to their
Tery centrei, wi;h the fame fotce, afid according
to the fame laws, as if the part upon which it acts
were not furroanded with Che body of the planet.

Ntnvttn.

Finite an-^ infinite feejh to be looked upon as the
modes of qjantity, and to be atrributed primarily
to thofe things which arc capable of increj|\: or
dtm'iituthn. Locks.

3 . Difcredit ; lofs of dignity ; degrada-
tion.

Gladly to thee
Heroick laurel'd Eugene yields the prime;
Mor thinks it diminution to bcrank'd
In military honour next. Philitis.

4. Deprivation of dignity ; injury of re-
putation.

Make me wife by thy truth, for my own foul's
falvation, and I Ihall not regard the wcrlcj'j opi-
nion or diminuticn- of me. King CbarUs.

They might raife the reputation ot another,
though they are a i^iminu:ion to his. Adi'if Sficfl.

5. [In architefture.] The contradion of
the diameter of a colu-nn, as it afcends.

Dimi'notive. adj. [dimiauti'vus, Lat.j
Small J little ; narrow ; contradled.

The poor wren,
The mod dimtnuli-jt t( biids, will fight.
Her young ones in her neft, againft the owl.

Sbaitffearc'i Macbeth.

It is the intereft of mankind, in order to the ad-
vance of knowledge, to be fcnfible they have jet
attained it but in poor and diminutive meafure.

Glanvif/e'i Sceff!.

The light of man'sunderftandingis but a (hurt,
diminutive, contrailcd light, and looks not beyond
the prcfent. South.

If the ladies fhould once take a liking to fuch a
eTiminutive race of lovers, we fliould, in a little
time, fee mankind epitomized, and die whole fpe-
tlet in miniature. Mdifin.

They know how weak and aukward many of
thofe little <//mwu(it;! difcourfcs arc. ffalts.

DiMrNUTivE. n./. [from the adjeftive.]

1. A word formed to exprefs littlenefs ;
as /fl//7/tt/, in Latin, a.litlIi;Jione; mat-

finette, in French, a littU bouft ; manni-
ken, in Engli(h, a littlt man.

He afterwards proving a dainty and effeminate
youth, was commonly called, by the diminutive of
bis name, Petcrkin or Pcrkin. Bacin'i Heiu VII.

Sim, v/hile but Sim, in good repute did live ;
Was then a knave, but in diminutive. Cott-.n.

2. A fmall thing : a ftnfe not now in ufe.

Follow his chariot ; monfter-like, be (hewn
For poor'rt diminuii-uet, for doits ! Siattcfptare.

Dimi'nutively. ad'v. [from diminu-
ti-ve.] In a diminutive manner.

Dimi'nutiveness. a./ {from diminu-
tive.] Smallnefs; littlenefs; petty-
nefs ; want of bulk ; want of dignity.

Di'mish. adj. [from dim.] Somewhat
dim ; fomewhat obfcure.

'Tis true, but let it not be known.
My eyes are fnmewhat dimip grown }
For nature, always in the right,
T» your ikcays adapu my fight, Stoift,

D I tr

Til'vAilOV.Y.tdj. [Jimifm-ius.-Lnt.'] That
by which a man is difraifled to another
junfdidlion.

A. b:ihop of another diocefs ought neither to or-
dain or admit a clerk, without the confent of his
own proper bi/hop, and without the letters dimif-
fy- Ayliffe 'i Parer^on.

Di'mittv. n.f. A fine kind of fuftian,
or doth of cotton.

i dirciled a Crowie of fine dimitty. ff^fmatt.

Di'mly. a/i;. [from dim.]
I • Not with a quick fight ; not with a
clear perception.

Unfpeukable ! who Ctt'ft above thefe heav'ns,
To us invifitip, or dimly feen.
In ^hefe thy lowed worKS. Milton.

2. Not brig'uly ; not luroinoufly.

In the beginning of our pumping the air, the
match appeared well lighted, though it had almoft
filled the receiver with .'umcs j but by degrees it
burnt more and more dimly.

Boyle' I Spring of the jiir.

I faw th'angelick guards from ejrth afcend,
Oriev'd they muft now no longer man attend j
The beams about their temples rfiw/y Ihone ;
One would have thought the crime bad been their
own. Dryden.

Di'mness. n.f. [horn dim.]

1. Dulnefs of fight.

2. Want of apprehenfion ; ftupidity.

Aniwerable to this dimnefi of their perception,
was the whole fj ftem and body of their religion.

Decay of Piety .
D'IMPLE. «. / [dint, a hole j dintle, a
little hole ; by a carelefs pronunciation
dimple. Skinner.] A fmall cavity or
depreffion in the cheek, chin, or other
part.

The dimple of the upper lip is the common mea-
fure of them all. Criiu,
In her forehead's fair half-round,
Love fits in open triumpli crown'd j
He in tlie dim fie of her chin,
In private ftate, by friends is feen. Prior.

To Di'mple. v. n. [from the noun.] To
fink in fmall cavities, or little inequali-

ties.

The wild waves mafter'd him,and fuck'd him in,
And fmiling cii\ti di$npled on the main. Vrydcn.

Eternal fmilcs his emptinefs betray,
As fliaUow dreams run dimpling M the way. Pipe.

Di'mpled. adj. [fiomdimfle.] Set with
dimples.

On each fide her
Stood pretty dimpled boys like fmiling Cupids.

Shaiifpeare.

Di'mply. adj. [from dimple.] Full of

dimples ; finking in little inequalities.

As the fmooth furface of the dimply flood
The filver-llipper'd virgin lightly trod.

ff^arton's Ifti.

DIN. n.f. [byn, a noifc; bynan, to make
a noifc. Sax. dyna, to thunder, Ifland-
ick.] A loud noife ; a violent and con-
tinued found.

And all the way he roared as he went.
That all the foreft with aftoniflimcnt
Thereof did tremble ; and the beads therein
Fled fad away from tliat fo dreadful din.

Jluiberd'i TiiU.
O, 'twas a din to fright a monder's ear ;
To make an earthqualte : fure, it was the roar
Of a whole herd of lions. Shahfpeare'i TempeJI.
While the cock with lively <//«
Scatters the rear of darkncfs thin j
And to the dack, or the barn-door.
Stoutly ftruti his dame before. Milton.

Now n ght over heav'n
Inducing darkncfs, grateful truce impos'd, '
And filcncc, oa the odiow dm o[ war. Afilteih

D I N

How, while the troutled elements around,
. Earth, water, air, the dunning din refiund.
Thro' dreams of fmoke and adverfe fire he rides.
While every Ihot is ievell'd at his fides. Smith.

Some independent ideas, of no alliance to one
another, are, by education, cuftom, and the con-
dant A'» of their party, fo coupled in their minds,
that they always appear there together. Locke,

To Din. <v. a. [from the noun,]

1. To ftun with noife ; to harafs with cla-
mour.

Rather live
To bait thee for his bread, and rfmyour ears
With hungry ciies. Ottvay's yemce Prrjr-vri.

2. To imprefs with violent and continued
noife.

What ihall we do, if his majefly puts out a
proclamation commanding usto take Wood's half,
pence ? This hath been often dinned in my ears.

Sxvif},

To DINE. -v. «. [diner, Fr.] To eat the

chief meal about the middle of the day.
Perhaps lomc merchant hath invited him,

And from the mart he's f)mewhere.gone to dinners

Good fider, let us dine, and never fret. Shuieff.
Myielf, he, and my fider.

To-day did dine together. Shaiefpeare.

He would dine <vith him the next day. Clarend,
Thus,ot your heroes and brave boys.

With whom old Homer makes fuch nolle,

Ihe greated anions I can find.

Are, that they did their work and din'd. Prior.

To Dike. -v. a. To give a dinner to ; to
feed.

Bv)il this reftoiing root in gen'rous wine,
And fct befide the door the lickly dock to dine.

Dry den' i l^irgit.

Dine'tical. adj. [Jir^Tix®-.] Whirling
round j vertiginous.

Some of late have concluded, from fpots in the
fun, which appear and dilappcar again, that, fae-
fides the revolution it malceth with its orbs, it
hath alfo idinetical motion, and rolls upon its own
poles. _ ^ £r,ivn's P^ulgar Errourt,

A fpherical figure is mod commodious for dine-
/iVfl/ motion, or revolution upon its own ax's. Ray.
To DING. pret. dung, v. a. \dnngea,
Dutch.

1. To da(h with violence.

2. To imprefs with force.

To Ding. 1/. «. To binder; to bounc ;
to huff. A low word.

He hurts and dingt, becaufe we will not fpenl
the little we haVe left, to get him the title of lorj
Strut. Arbulhnot.

DiNC-DONG. n.f. A word by which the"
found of bells is imitated.

Let us all ring fancy's knell;
Ding, dong bell. Shaiefpeare.

Di'ngle. n.f. [from ben, or bin, a hol-
low. Sax.] A hollow between hills j s
dale.

I know each lane, and every alley green.
Dingle, or budiy dcll of this wild wood j

And every bolky bourn from fide to fide,
My daily walks and ancientneighbourhood. Mile,
Di'ning-room. n.f. [dine and reom.']
The principal apartment of the houfe ;
the room where entertainments are
made.

He went out from the dining-room befdre he hid
fallen into errour by the intempeiance of his meat,
or die delugeofdrink. Taylor't Rule of Living Hoh.

Di'n n e r . n.f. [diner, French.] The chief
meal ; the meal eaten about the middle
of the day.

Let me not day a jot for dinner t
Go, get it ready. Shaktjpeare': King Lear.

^ Before dinner and fuppcr,as often as itis conve-
nient, «r can be had, let the public prayers of the
3X3 church.

D I O

church, or feme part» of them, be faid publicly io
the family. leylw.

The jolly crew, unmindful c.f thepift,
The quarry ihare, tlitJr plenteous ^'mntr hafte.

Dryicn'i MniiiU
Di'nner-tim!!. »./ \dinner and time.'\
The time of dining.

At Jiniur-timr,
S pray you, have in mind where wc muft meet.

Sbakrfp{*r{.
Then from the mint wilks forth the man of
rhyme,
Happy to catch me juft at d'mur-iime, Pipe.

DINT. n.f. [bynr, ^Saxon.]

1. A blow; a ftroke. * ^

Much daunted with that </>>/, her fenfewas daz'd;
Yn, Juaaiia,; rage, hcifelf fliegathcr'd round.

Sptitjer^
Neither vainly hope
To be inrulnerable in thefc bright arms,
Though temper'd heav'niy ; for that mortal dirt,
Save hi who reigns above, none can relift. Afiluii,

2. The mark made by a blow ; the cavity
remaining after a violent prcflurc.

He cmbi ic'd her naked body o'er ;
And, ftiaininghard the liitue.'was afraid
His hands had made a diat, and hurt the maid.

Dryden.

3. Violence; force; power.

Now you weep ; and, 1 perceive, you feel
Tlie dint of pity. Shaitjftare' i Ju/lus Cafar.

Wc are to wreft the whole Spanilh monarchy out
•f thehinds ofthe enemy ; and, in order to it, to
wirlc oar way into the heart of his eountry by dint
of arms. Addijcrt.

The dcwiaptbull now chafes along the plain.
While burning love ferments in cv'ry vein ;
His wcll-arm'd front againfl his rival aims.
And by the dmi of v/ar his miftrefs claims. Gay.

To Dint. 11. a. [from the noun.] To
mark with a cavity by a blow, or vio-
lent imprefCon.

With greedy force each other both afTail,
And ttfike fo fiercely, that they do inr.prcfj
Vccf-diitlcd furrowi in the batter'd mail :
1 he iron wall* to ward tlieir blows were weak an^
frail. Fairy S^ttii.

Leave, leave, fair bride, your folitary bone,
No more ihall you return to it alone ;
1; nu feth fadncA j, and your body's print,
Llk': tja grave, theyielding down doihdint. Donne.
Dcep-JiK»frf wrinkLs on her cheeks Shi draws ;
Sunk are her eyes, and toothlefs aie her jaws.

Dryden*: ^.neid.

Dinumera'tion. n. f. \dinumtratk,

Lat.l The aft of nmnbering out fingly.

CiocESAN. n. f. [from dioceJi.\ A bi-

fliop, as he ftands related to his own

clergy or flock.

As a dioeefan you arc like to outdo yourfelf In all
other capacitiei, and exemplify every word of tiiis
(iifcourfc. South.

1 have heard it has been advifed by a diceefan to
his inferior clergy, that they (hould read fome of
the mod celebrated fermons printed by others.

Taller.
DI'OCESS. n. /. {eliactfis ; a Greek
word, co.Tipounded of J.m. and ox>i5-k.]
The circuit of every bifhop's jurifdic-
tion ; for tliis realm has two divifions,
one into Ihires or counties, in refpeft of
temporal policy ; another into diecefes,
ill refpeft of jurifdidion ecclefialtical.

Caivell

None ought to be admitted by any biOiop, but

fuch as have dwelt and remained io his i/io.v/i a

eonveoient time. JVhiigifi.

He (hould regard the bllhop of Rome as the

10 inders of Jcrley »nd GuernJey do him of Con-

^ ft^ace in NJrmaady; that is, nothing at all, fmce

by ckat fivbcb bi;^op'l lefuUl U fwear uotu our

D I P

king, tSofe ifles were annexed t« the dattji •.'
Winchefler. RaSeigh't EJftyi.

St. Paul looks upon Titos as advanced to the
dignity of a prince, ruler of the church, and in-
truflcd with a large </iei:r/>, containing many parti-
cular cities, under the immediate government of
their rel'peaive elders, and thofe deriving authority
frcim his ord'nati.m. Seulb.

DIO'PTRJCAL. 7»./. [dVVlou«..1 Af-
DIO'PTRICK. i fording a medium for
the fight ; affifting the fight in the view
of diltant objefts. __^

Being excellently well fumifhed with dioffrkal
glades, he had not been able to fee the fun fpotted.

Byle.
View the afperities of the moon through a diop-
Irick glafs, and venture at the proportion of her
hills by their (hadows.

More't Antidote againji Atheifm.

Dto'pTRiCKS. n. /. A part of opticks,.
treating of the different refraflions of
the light pafling through dirterent me-
diums J as the air, water, glaffes. &c.

Ham's.

DiORTHo'siS. n./. [JioeSua-i;, of JiojSow,

to make llraight.] A cliirurgical opera-
tion, by which crooked or diftorted
members are reftored to their primitive
and regular Ihape. Harris.

To DIP. -v. a. pret. dipped; particip. dip-
ped, or dipt, [bippan, Saxon ; docpen,
Dutch.]

1 . To immerge ; to put into any liquor.

The perfon to be baptized may be dipped in wa-
ter; an- fuch anlmmerfion or dipping ought to be
made thrice, accjrding to the canon.

Ayliffe'i Parergon.
Old Corineus compafs'd thrice the crew.
And dipp'd an olive-branch in holy dew.
Which thrice he fprinkled round, and thrice aloud
Invok'd the dead, and then difmifs'dthe crowd.

Drydtn's jSneid.
He turn'd a tyrant in his latter days.
And from the bright meridian where he flood,
Dffcending, dipp'd his hands in lovers' blood.

Drydeii'i Failei.
The kindred arts (hall in their praife confpirc.
One dip the pencil, and one ftring the lyre. Pope,

Now, on fancy's cafy wing convey'd,
The king defcended to th' Elyfian Hiadcj
There in a duflcy vale, whe.e Lethe tolls.
Old Bavlus fits to dip poetic fouls. Pope's Dune.
So filhcs, rifing from the main.
Can foar withmoiften'd wings on high j
The moifture dried, they link again.
And dip their wings again to lly. Siui/t.

2. To moiften ; to wet.

And thuugh not mortal, yet a cold fliudd'rlng
dew
Dips me all o'er, as when the wratli of Jove
Spciks thunder. Millir..

3. To be engaged in any affair.

When men arc once dipt, what with the cncou •

rageraents of fenfe, cullom, facility, and ihame of

. departing fromwh.it they have given thcmf-lves up

to, thiy goon till they aie nifled. L'EJirange.

In Richard's time, I doubt, he was a llltli: it [i
in the rebellion of the commons. Dryden's FabLs,

4. To engage as a pledge : generally ufed
for the firil mortgage.

Be careful ftiU of the main chance, my fon ;
Put out the principal in trnfty hands.
Live on the ufe, and never dip thy lands.

Dryden's Perfiui.

To Dip. v. n.

t. To fink; to immerge.

We have fnakct in our cups, and in our diOics ;
and whoever dips too deep wiU find death in the
pot. I,' Eflrange.

2. To enter; to pierce.

D I U

The vuUuit dipping in Prometheui* fid(,
His bloody bc»!l witli his torn iivcr dyed.

GramvilUn

3, To enter (lightly into any thing.

When 1 chink all tiie repetitions are ({ruck out
in a copy, I fometimes £nd more upon dipping in
the fii ft volume. Pope.

4. To take that which comes firft ; to chufe
by chance.

With what ill thoughts of Jove art thou pof-
fefs'd ?
Wouldft thou prefer lilm to forac man ? Snppofe
1 dipp'd among the wor(V, and Staius chofe }

Dryden I Perjius,

Di'pcHicK. fi. /. [from dip and chick-l
The name of a bird; .
Dipcbiik is fo named of his diving yid littlcnefs.

Carevs.

Dipe'tal&us. adj. [Ji{ and oiVaXsr. ]
Having two flower leaves.

Di'pHTHONG.w./ [JipSo>y®-.] A coali-
tion of two vowels to form one found ;
as, vain, leaf, Cte/ar.

We fee how many difputes the fimple and am-
biguous nature of vowels created among gramma-
rians, and how it has begot the miftake concem-
mg diphthongs : all that arc properly fo are fylla-
bles, and not diphthongs, as is intended to be iig-
nified by that word. Holder's Eitn.er.ti of Speech,
Make a diphthong of the fecond eta and iita, in-
ftead of their being two fyllables, and theobje^ioa
is gone. Pope.

Di'pLOE. rt.f. The inner plate or lamina
of the (kull.

Diplo'ma. ri.f. [Jiw>ii7x«.] A letter or
writing conferring fome privilege ; fo
called, becaufe they ufed formerly to
be tvritten on waxed tables, and folded
together.

Di'ppER. n./. [horn dip.] One that dips
in the water.

Dipping Needle, n. f. A dcvife which
fhews a particular property of the mag-
netick needle, fo that, befides its pola-
rity or verticity, which is its direftion
of altitude, or height above the hori-
zon, when duly poifed about an hori-
zontal axis, it will always point to a
determined degree of altitude, or ele-
vation above the horizon, in this or that
place refpe£lively.

Di'psAS. ti. f, [Latin, from h\a.o:, to
thirft.] A ferpent, whofe bite produces
the fenfation of unquenchable thirft.

Scorpion, and alp, anU amphilbcena dire,
Ceraftes horn'd, hydrus, and ellops drear,
And dipfas, Milton.

Di'pTOTE. n.f, [MiJJa.] A noun con-
filling of two calcs only. Clark.

Di'pTYCH. n.f. [rt'/^/yf/6a,Lat. two leaves
£Dlded together,] A regifler of bilhops
and martyrs.

The commemoration of faints was made out of
the diptyihs of the church, as appears by multi-
tudes of places in St. Auflin. StillingJIect,

DIRE. adj. [dints, Lat.] Dreadful ; dif-
mal ; iDOurnTul ; horrible ; terrible ;
evil in a gre.it degree.

Women fi jht,
To do(r their dire diflrefl'es. Shukefp. Maehitb.

More by intemperance die
In meats, and drinks, which on the earth (hall

bring
Difeafcs dire j of which a monftrous crew
Before thee (hall appear. MUton.

Hydras, and gor^oos, and chimaeras dire.

Miller,

Or

D I R

Or w!i»t thccrofs tiire-laoWing pUnet Cmites,
Of liurcful worm with ca kcr'd v»nom bites.

ATittm.

Dire was the tofliDg, deep the groans, defpair
Tended the (ick. Miiitn.

Difcord ! itire dtfi of the flaughtet'd pow'r,
Small a: her birth, butnfin^evrj hour j
While fcaice the Ikies hpr horrid head can boui]d,
She ftallts on earth, and ihakcs the world around.

DIRE'CT. a</J. yireaus. Latin.] ''^''

1. Straight ; not crcx>ked.

2. Not oblique.

The ihip.-- would move in one and the fame fur-
face; and confequenrlj muftr.etd; encounter when
they either advance towards one another in direli
lines, or meet in the iocerfcflion of crofi lines.

Brntley.

J. [In aftronomy.] Appearing to an eye
on earth to move progreffively through
the zodiac ; not retrograde.

Two (jeomantick liijurcs were Jifplay'd
Above his head, i warrior and a maid.
One v'xn dlrcS, wA one when retrograde.

DiyJin's FaUes.

4. Not collateral, as the grandfon fucceeds
his grandfire in zdirei^ line.

5. Apparenily tending to fome end, aj in
a ftraight line.

Such was as then the ftate of the king, as it
<Kii no time by ilirta means to fcek her. And fuch
WIS the ftate of his captivated will, as he would
delay no time of feekin^ her. Sirlney.

He that does this, will be able to caft off all that
15 fupetfluous : he will fee what is pertinent, what
coherent; what is dirta to, what flidc» bv, the
qu'flL'"- 'Lockt.

0. Open ; not ambiguoas.

There be, that are in nature faithful and Cncere,
and plain and iliriii, not crafty and involved.
_, . Bacon,

7. Plain ; exprefs.

He no where, that I know, fayj it in Jirca

TiDiRE'cT. v. a. {MrigOydinaum.Li.
tin.]

1. To aim or drive in a ftraight line.

'I'wo eagles from a mountain's height,
% J<'«'»."minind, Jirta their rapid flight. Pobt.

2. To point againft as a mark.

The fpear flew hifling thro' the middle fpacc.
And pierc'd hjs throat, JirtSlid at his f:.ce.
_ , ,. Dryden't JEnciH.

3. To regulate; to adjuft.

It is not in man that walketh to dir,n his fteps.

Wifdom is profitable to dircR. Ecclui. x'. 10.'

All that isia a min's po*er, is to mind whji

the Ideas are that take their turn » n his ondcr-

Bandm^' ; orelle torf/nfland fjrt, and call in fuch

ms bcdrfires. r,,i.

4. To prefcribe certain meafure ; to mark
out a certain courfe.

Hcdir^liit it under the whole heavens, tad hii
ligLtoing unCJ the ends of Itie earth.
_, , yt-i xx/vi\ 3.

i- 10 order; to command : ko dina \% a

fofter term than to command.
Dire'cter. n.f. [dircaor, Latin.]
I. One that direfts; one that prefcribes.
*. An inftrument that Icrvcs to guide any

mannal operation.

DiRE'cTiON. n./. [<//r/^.„, Latin.]
I. Aim at a certain poi u.

. .'"'=''' """ » "'' ' - n-.t the ptoduft of

iff'r"r'r'^" "frcafo.., butts,

eft.as of ch,n:e . _, uf a m,nd flaau.g

•t a 1 .dventuic, wjujout cHuice, and withou' di

Locke

D I R

The dhrXot of gnod works to a good end, is
t^e only principle tliat diftinguilhes charity.

Smafridge.

2. Motion imprefled by a certain im-
pulfe.

No particle of matter, nor any combination ot"
particles, that is, no body, can either move of it-
fclf, ot of iti'elf alter the dircilLn of its m ition.

Cheyne,

3. Order; command; prefcription.

From the counfel that St. Jerome giveth Lata,
of taking heed how ihf read the apocrvplia ; as
alfo by the heip of other learned men's jud-ments,
ddivetcd in like cafe, we may uke direaion.

Hooker,
Ev'n now
I put myfelf to thy dirtaUn. Skakeff. M.icb'eth.
The nobles of the people digged it, bv the di-
rf£P;M of the law-giver. Numt.'xxl, 18.

Men's paflions and God'j d'triakn feldom agree.
King Churla.
Ctaenl dirtffims forfcholafticdifputcrs, is, ne-
ver to difputc upon me:e trifles. /^««j.

4. Regularity; adjuftment.

All nature is but art unknown to thee ;
All chance, direaion which thou, canft not fee.

Directive. ».y: [from (//rc^?.]

1. Having the power of direftion.

A law therefore, generally taken, is a diriOvvt
rule unto goodne.'s of operation. Hookrr.

_ A power of command there is withaut all quel-
Uon, though there be fome doubt In what faculty
this command doth principally refide, whether in
the will or the underftanding. The true refolution
IS, that the c'iriaivc command for counfel is in thi^
underftanding; and the applicative command, or
empire, tor putting in execution of what is dirctl-
ed, is in the will. Bramhall again/} HoHa.

On the direaive powers of the fori.«.-r, and the
regularity of the latter, whereby it is capable of
direaion, depends the generation of all bodies.

2. Informing ; fliewing the way.

Nor viCtea by one direame ray.
From" cottage ftrcaming, or from airy hill.
,.. , tbomCm.

Directly, adv. [from <A«<S.]

I. In a ftraight line; reailineally.

The more a body is nearer to the eyes, and the

more </;/-tfl/y it \i oppoied to them, the mure it is

cnliglitened ; becaufe ihc light languiftcs and lef-

fens, the farther it removes from its proper fourc^.

Dryden'i'Dufrifmy.

fhcrewaa no other place afligned to any of thii.

matter, than that whercunto its own gravity bore

it, which was only dirtiHy downwards, whereby it

obtained that place in the globe which was iult

underneath. V/ood-ward,

U the icfraflrd ray be returned dircaiy back lu

the point of incidence, it ftall be refiaiici by the

incident ray. Ncioton-, Oj^ticki.

2, Immediately ; apparently ; without cir-
cumlocution ; without any long train of
confequence.

Infi.jeu, being clean without the church, deny
r?.rf.%, and utterly rejeci, the very principles 01
t.hr.!lianity, which heieticks embrace erroneouflv
bymiicon'truflion. ^y^^J.

■V' ;rii , lijth nithertoteen fo impious, as plain.
ly .mJ dirtUiy to condemn prayer. linker.

By aliening the fcripture 1 1 be the canon of our
faith, I ^ave onavuidably creafd to myfelf fnc-
miei in the papift . dinaiy, becaufe they have kept
the Icripiure from ua what they couid.

I}ryd.Prt/,ioRf/igit,Laici.
Hit work d:rcafy tends to raile fcntiments of
honour and virtue in his readers.

Mdijhn'i Frcfto/dir.

No reafon can be afligned, why it is beft for the

world that Gjd Almighry hath abfolutc power,

which doth not dircaiy prove that no mortal man

flwuld have the like. Hwi/i.

D I R

Dire'ctness. ». /. [from dmSf.-]
Straig.itnefs ; tendency to any point ;
the neareft way.

They argued from celcftial caufes only, the con-
ftant vicinny of the fun, and the direa„fs of his
rays; never lufpefling that the body of the earth
had fo gieat an efficiency in the changes of the air.

D, _ • Beutlev^

IREC TOR. n.f. [direaor, Latin.]

1. One that has authority over others ; a
fuperintendent ; one that has the gene-
ral managemt-nt of a defign or work,

Himlelf ftuod direaor over them, with noddine

or ftampmg, (hewing he did like or midike thofe

. things he did not underftand. Sidr.ey.

In all affairs thou loie dinaor. Sioi/u

2. A rule ; an ordinance.

Common forms were not deflgn'd
Dinifon to a noble mind. Sivifl.

3. An inftruftor; one who ftiews the pro-
per methods of proceeding.

They arc glad to ufe counfellors and direaors in
all their dealings of weight, as contraSs, tefta-
"'""• _ . Hooter.

4. One who is confulted in cafes of con-
fcience.

I am her direaor and her guide in fpiritual af.
'""• • Dryde..

One appointed to tranfaft fhe afftirs of
a trading company.

What Oiiiediream cheat in fouth.fea year?
... . Peje.

An inurument in furgery, by which the
hand is guided in its operation.

'i he manner of opening wiih a knife, is by (lid-
ding It on a dir/aor, the groove of which prev. nts
its being mifguiJed. Sharfs Surgiry.

Dire'ctory. n.f. [from direaor.] Tha
book which the fadious preachers pub-
lidied in the rebellion for the direiftion
of their feft in afls of worftiip.

As to the ordinance concerning the dircaory, we
cannot confcnt to the takirg away of the book of
common prayer. Oxford Rrafins agai„Ji the Co-v.
Di'REFut. adj. [This word is frequent
among the poets, but 4ias been cen-
fured as not analogical ; all other words
compounded with full confifting of a
fubllantive and /«//; as, dreadful, or
full of dread; joyful, or full of joy. 1
Dire ; dreadful ; difraal. ^

Point of fpear it never picrcen would,
Ne dint of direful (word divide the fubii ince could.
_ ... Vuiry Queen.

But yet at laft, whereas the direful (ieiid
She faw not ftir, oft' (baking vain alf.ijjht.

She Higher drew, and fa.v that jovous end ;
Then Cod (lie pray'd, and thank'd her faithful
„ ''"'«'"• FaiPy i^,f,„.

Direful h.ip betide that hated wretch
That makes ut wretched by tlje death of thee.

_. . . _ ' ShakrI'pcare.

\ The voice of God himfelf fpcajcs in the heart

of men, whether they underfland it or no; and by
fetict intimations gives the finncr a forctafte of
thii direful cup, which he is iike to drink more
deeply ot hereafter. Htutl.

i curs'd the direful author of ray woes :
'Twas told again, and thence my ruin rofc.

Achilles' wrath, to Greeks the direful (Jxnz'
Ofwoesunnumber'd, heavenly goddefs! fin^. Pope.

Di'rekess. «, / [from <//>f.] Difmal-
nefs ; horror ; hideoulnefs.

Direticfi, familiar to my (1 lught'rous thoughts,
Cannot once (iart me. Sbnkef/.-eare't M.ni.tb.

Dire'ption. a./. [dinj>tio, Latin.] The
aft oi plundering.

DiRCE.

D I R

DiKCt' [This « not a contraftion of the
Latin Jirigi, in the popilh hymn, Di-
rigt grejfus meus, as I'ome pretend ; but
from the Teutonic dyrke, laudare, to
praife and extol. Whence it is poffible
their Jyrke, and our dirgt, was a lauda-
tory fong to commemorate and applaud
the dead. Verfttgan. Bacon apparently
derives it from dirigi. ] A mournful dit-
ty ; a fong of lamentation.
Th' imperial jointrefs of this warlike ftate
"" Have we, as 'twere, with a defeated joy.

With mirth in funeral, and with dirp in mar-
riage,
In equal fcale weighing delight and dole.
Taken to wife. SbaktjfcariU Htmht.

Meanwhile the body of Richard, after many
indignities and rcptoachcs, \!ntd'vr\gn andobfcquie>
of the common people towardi tyrants, was ob-
feurcly buried. Baccfi-

You from above (hall hear each day
One (/irjfdifpatch'd unto your clay;
Thefe your own anthems Ihall become,
Your lafting cpicedium. Sandys,

All due meafures of her mourning kept.
Did office at the dirgt, and by infedion wept.

brydc)!,

Di'ricent. adj. [dirige/is, Latin.]

Tl\e</iri^Mf line in geometry is that along which
the line dcfcribcnt is carried in the generation ot
any figure. Harm.

DIRK. n./. [an Erfe word.] A kind of
dagger ufed in the Highlands of Scot-
land.

In vain thy hungry mountaineers
Come forth in all their warlike gcers.
The ftiield, the piftol, dirk, and dagger.
In which they daily wont to fwagger. liikell.

fe DiRKE. -y. a. To fpoil ; to ruin. Ob-
folete.

Thy wafte bignefs but cambers the ground.
And dirkes the beauties of my bloflbms round.

Sptvfer.

DIRT. «./. [</r>'f, Dutch ; dirt, Ulandick.]

1. Mud; filth; mire; any tiling that
flicks to the clothes or body.

They, gilding dirt in noble vcrfe,

Rufticic philofophy rehearfe. Denham.

Numbers engage their lives and labours to heap
together a little dirt that fliall bury them in the
jid. tyake.

The fea rifcs as high as ever, though the great
tieaps of dirt it brings along with it are apt to
choak up the Ihallowt. Addifcn.

Mark by what wretched fteps their glory grows ;
From dirt and fea-weed as proud Venice rofe :
In each how guilt and greatnefs equal ran.
And all that raisM the hero funk the man. Pipe,

Is yellow dirt the paflion of thy life ?
Look but on Gripus, or on Gripus' wife. Ptpe.

2. Meannefs; jbrdidnefs.

'To Dirt. i/. a. [from the noun.] To
foul ; toi bemire ; to make filthy ; to
bedaub ; to foil ; to pollute ; tonafty.

Ill company is like a dog, ivho dim thofe moft
whom he loves bed. Swift.

Dirt-pie. n. /. [dirt and fit.] Forms
moulded by children of clay, in imita-
tion of paftry.

Thou fetteft thy heart upon that which has new-
ly left off making of dirt- fits, and is but preparing
itfelffora grcen-ficknefs. Suckling.

Di'rtily. a/t). [from dirty-l
I. Nattily; foully; filthily.
Meanly ; fordidly ; IhamefuUy.

Such gold as that wherewithal
Chimiques from each mineral
Are diti>{y and defpcratdy gull'd, Dnite.

D 1 S

Di'iiTtKZts. «./ [from </;>/)'.] ..

1. Naflinefs ; filthinefs ; foulncfs,

2. Meannefs ; bafenefs ; fordidmfj.
Di'rty. adj. [from dirt.]

1. Foul; nafty ; filthy.

ThyDol and Helen of thy noble thoughts
Is in bafe durance, tni contagious p'rifon,
Haul'd thither by mechanic, diiiy hand?.

Shahffure.

2. Sullied ! cloudy } not elegant.

Pound an almond, .-ind the clear white colour
will be altered into a dtrly one, and the fweet taiVc
into an qily one. Lacke.

3. Mean ; bafe ; defplcable.

Such employments aie the difea&s of l.iboiir,
and the nift of time, which it contrafls not by
lying ftill, but by JiVry employment.

I'aylor't Holy Living.

Marriages would be made up upon more naiu .il
motives than mccr dirty interefts, and increalc ■>!
riclies without meafure or end. Temf'c.

They come at length to grow fots and epicures,
mean in their difcourfes, and dirty in their prac-
tices. Seuit.

To Di'rty. i». a, [from the noun.]

1 . To foul ; to foil.

The lords Strutts lived generoudy, and never
ufed to dirty their fingers with pen, ink, and coun-
ters. Arliulhr.it.

2. Todifgrace; to fcandalizc.
DIRUTTION. n.f. [dtruptio, Latin.]

1. The aft of barlling, or breaking.

2. The ftate of burlHng, or breaking.
Dis. An infcparable particle r.lcd in com-

pofition, implying commonly a priva-
tive or negative fignilication of the word
to wiilch it is joined : as, to arm, to di/-
arm ; to Join, to disjoin. It is borrowed
from des, ufed by the French and Spa-
niards in this fenfe : as, defnouer, to
untie ; dejlerrar, to banifh : from the
Latin de ; as, Jiruo, to build ; dcjlruo,
to deftroy.
Disabi'lity. »./ [from difcille.'\

1 . Want of power to do any thing ; weak-
nefs ; impotence.

Our confiJcration of creatures, and attention
unto fcriptures, are not in themfelves things of
like iijahiliiy to breed or beget faith. HvAer.

Many withdrew themfelves out of pure faint-
nefs, and difatility to attend the conclufion.

■^ Ralrgt.

He that knows mod of himfclf, knows kM of
his knowledge, and the exercifcd underftanding is
confcious of its difaiility. Glatniillc.

The ability of mankind does not lie in the im-
potency or dij'abililies of brutes. Lxkt.

2. Want of proper qualifications for any
purpofe ; legal impediment.

A fuit is commenced in a temporal court for an
inheritance ; and the defendant pleads, in difability,
that the plaintiff is a baftard. yJyliff''' Pjrirgen.
This difadvantage which the diifentcrs atprcfent
lie under, of a d'dMlity to receive church prefer-
ments, will be eafily remedied by the repeal of the
^ left. Sviift.

7*0 Disa'ble. f. a. [dis and able.]
I . To deprive of force ; to weaken ; to
difqualify for any aft.

The invafun and rebellion did not only difeili
this king to be a conqueror, but deprived him both
of his kingdom and life. Daviu's Inland.

Nor fo is overcome
Satan, whofc fall from heaven, a deadlier bruife
Dijablid not to give thee thy death's wound.

Milm.

A Chriftian'j life is a perpetual excrcife, a wrcft -

ling aad warfare, for which fenfual pleafure dijal/lcs

DIS

. li^m, by yielding to diat«n«ny with whom li« maft
ftrive. . Saykr't ihh Lii-ing,

I. To hinder from aftion: ufed of thing*.

1 have known a great fieet difabici for tw»
months, and thereby lofe great occii6onJ by an in-
dlfpofition of the admiral. Temflct

3. To impair ; to dyiinilh.

I have dijabled mine eftatr.
By Ihewing fornethip.g a triore fwellirg port
Than my faint means would grant oniinuance.

Shal:Jfeare»

\. To deprive of ufefiilnefs or efficacy,

Fatewel, Monfieur Traveller ; look you lifp, »tii
wear ftrange fuits ; difabit all the benefits of your
own country. Sbeitjfetrt^

Your days I will alarm, I'll haunt your nightJ,
And worfe than age difaUt yourJeiights. Drydau

5. To exclude, as waptipg proper qualifi-
cations.

I will not difablt any for proving a fchohr, not
yet dillemble thai I have fecn mncy happily forced
up-.n the courfe to which by nature tiwy teemed
much indifpofed. lyotton^

yp DisABu'sE. f. a. [disandabu/e.] To
fet free from a miftake ; to difentangle
from a fallacy ; to let right ; to unde-
ceive.

The impofture and fallacy of our fenfei impofe
not only on common heaj:, but even more refined
mercuries, who have the advantages of an improve^
reafon to difabuft you. Clannlle's Sce^Jii,

Thole t:eth fair Ljce muft not (how.
If flic would bite : her lovers, tlUiugh
Like birds they ftoop atfeeming grapes.
Are dijabus'd when fir!! flic gapes. fVall'r.

If by limplicity you meant a general defcft iu
thofe that prolefs angling, I hope Xu difubufe yoit.
fyahons Angler*
Chaos of thought and pafiions, 4H confus'd ;
Still by himf-lf abus'd r^x difabus'd. Pufic.

Disaccommoda'tion. n.f. [<//V and «<■-
cominodatioti.] The Hate of being unfit <tf
unprepared.

Di;\aitations have happened in fnme places more
than in others, according to the accoramndation or
difa.ccmmodatim of them to fuch calamities.

Hale's Origin cf Mankind.

■To Disaccu'stom. 'V. a. [dis and accuf-

tom.] To deftroy tlie force of habit by

difufe or contrary praftice.

Ti DisACKNo'wLEDCE. <!/.«. [dis and

acknouuicdge.] Not to acknowledge.

The manner of denying Chrift's deity here pro-
hibited, was, by words and oral expreffions verbally
io ieny ini difackncfzvlsdge It. S^uth*

Disacqjja'intance. n.f. [dis ind ac'
quaintance.] Difufe of familiarity.

Confcience, by a long negi^ft of, and dtfac-

guainiancc with itfelf, contracts an inveterate rult

or foil. South,

DisaDva'ntage .n.f. [dis and advantage.]

1. Lofs ; injury to intereil : as, he fold to
difad-jantagc.

2. Diminution of any thing defirable, as
credit, fame, honour.

Chaucer in many things rcfemblcd Ovid, and
that with no difadvantage on the fide of the modern
author. Drydin.

The moft fliining merit goes down to pofterity
with difadvantage, when it is not placed by writcrj
in its proper light. j4ddifin's Frerbilder,

Thofe parts already publiflied give reafon t»
think, that the Iliad will appear with no dif.idvan-
tage to that immortal poem. Addifcn^t Freeholder,

Their reftimony wiii not be of much weight to
its difadvantage, lince they are liable to the com-
mon objeiflion of condemning what they did not
underfl-ind. Swift*

3. A (late not prepared for defence.

No fort can be fo ftrong,
Ne flcibly breail can armeJ be (0 found,

3 But

D I S

But will at lift be won with batt'rjr long,
Or unawares at Jifadvaniage found. Fairy $uifv,
Ti Disadva'ntace. 'v. a. [from the
noun.] To injure in intcreftofany kind.

Ail 'other vialences are h far iVom advancing
Chriftianity, that they extremely weaken and </,■/'
ad-vanl^gt xt. Deiay (./ Piay.

Disj»dva'ntaceable. aJj, {ii^vadifad-
'vantage. \ Contrary to profit; producing
lofs. A word not ufed.

In clearing of a man's. eftate, he may as well
hurt himfelf in being too fudden, as in letting it
nn on toj long ; for hafty felling is commonly aj
dijadtaniagtablt as intereil. Bccon,

Disadvanta'ceous. adj. [from difad-
I'antage.'] Contrary to intereJl ; con-
trary to convenience ; unfavourable. i

A multitude of eyes will nariowly Jivfpcfl every
part of an eminent man, cr>fifidcr him nicely in
all »iew8, and not be a little pleafed when they
have taken him in the worft and moft difad-vania-
geous lights. Mdifov-s Sfeflalor.

Disadvanta'ceously. adv. [homdif
advantageous.'] In a manner contrary to
intereil or profit ; in a manner not fa-
vourable.

An approving nod or fmile ferves to drive yo
on, and make you difplay yourfelves more difad-
vantagaujly. ^ Gcvcrnmcnt cfthe Torgue.

Djsadvanta'ceousness. n. /. [from
difad-cantageous. ] Contrariety to profit ;
inconvenience; raifchief; lofs.

Disadve'nturou;. adj. [dis and adveit-
taroui.'] Unhappy ; unprofperous.

Now I.e hath left }ou here,
To be the record of his rueful lofs.
And of my doleful difttdvinturout death.

_ _ , Fj}rf Slyeen.

ioDiSAFFE CT.'v.a. [disinia£ecl.]To
fill with difcontent ; to difcontent ; to
make lefs faithful or zealous.

They had attempted to dijaffil} and difcontent
his majefty-s late army. C7^r,W™.

DiSAFPE CTBD. part. adj. [From difiji/f.]
Not difpofed to zeal or affedlion. Uiu-
ally applied to thofe who are enemies to
the government.

By denying civil worlhip to thff emperor's fta-
tue», which the cuftom then was to give, they were
proceeded againft as di/affcled to the emperr.r.

D Stil/ingfftet.

isAFfE CTBDLY.adv.[fromdi/aJiaed.1
After a difaffeded manner. *
DiSAFFE'cTEDNESs.n./. [from di/hfea^

ed.] The quality of being difarfeaed.
Disaffe'ction. «./. [[com dijaffid.l
I. Diflike; ill will. ■^■^ J

Inmaicingljws, princes muft have regard to the
public difpofiti-jns, to the a/feaioni and difaffic
tiam, of [he people ; and muft nut introduce a law
with public fcanJal and difplcafure.
^ iir r . , '^''S'"-'' Rol' "/Holy Lrvhr

2. Want of zeal for the government ; want
of ardour for the reigning prince.

In this age, every thing diUik<:.i by thofe who
think with the majority, it called d.jag,a\un.

3. Diforder ; bad conAitution : in a phv-
fical fenfe. ^ '

The difcafe took it, original me-ely from th-
difaffea^n of the part, and not from the ,>ecc nc
ot tne hu noun. ic^-r

DiSAFFi RMANCE. «./. [dh and affirm.-]
Confutation ; negation.

Ttia: icinJ of reafoning which reduceth the op
pofite c(.,.clu(ion to fometlimg that ,s apparenflv
ablurd, ,s a demonaration in ^/,«^,«„„ of my
Hung that ii iSumti. ^/^//_

D I S

D I S

To DfSAPPo'REST. -v. a. [dis Md/are/.]
To throw open to common purpofes ; to
reduce from the privileges of a foreft to
the ilate of common ground.

The commiUioners of the treafury moved the
king to dipfcrejl fome forefls of his, explaining
themfelves oi fuch forefts as lay out of the way, not
near any of the king's houfes. Baccti.

How happy 's he, which hath due place aflign'd
To his hearts ; and d'ljifforefted his mind ! Dv.r.e.
7» Disagree', 'v.n. [dis T^nA agree.]

1. To differ ; not to be the fame.

The mihd clearly and infallibly perceives all dif-
tind ideas to dijagrtt; that is, the one not to be
the other. Lucke.

2. To differ ; not to be of the fame opi-
nion.

Why both the bands In worfliip difagree.
And fume adore the flow'r, and Ibme the tree.

. ■ Drydt„.

3. To be in a Hate ofoppofition : followed
by /rent or wti, before the oppofite.

It containeth mary improprieties, dijagredng al-
moft in all things/rwji the true and proper defcrip
''"°- Brnun.

Strange it la, that they rejeQ the plaineft ferf-
of fcripture, becaufe it feems to dh'agrte ivilb what
they call realbn, ' Aticrbury.

Disa«ree'able. adj. [from difagree.]
1. Contrary ; unfuitable.

Some demon, an enemy to the Creeks, had
forced her to a condufl dijigruabti to her Cnce-

z. Unpleafing; offenfive.

To make the fenfe of elleem ordifgrace link the
deeper, and be of the mote weight, either agreeable
or dijagrttatle things fliould conftantly accompany
thefe different ftates. Lukt.

Disagree'ablenbss. n. /. [from dija-
greeable.

1. Untuitablenefs ; contrariety.

2. Unpleafantnefs ; offenfivenefs.

A tather will hug and embrace his beloved fon,
for all the dirt and fouliiefs of his doaths j the
dearncfs of the perfon eafily apologizing for the
difagruaUmtJi of the habit. S'Mh.

Disagree ment. n. f. [from difagree.]
I. Difference; diffimilitude ; diverfuy ;
not identity ; not likenefs.

Thefe carry fuch plain and evident notes and
charaflers, either of dijagntment or affinity with
one another, that the feveral kinds of them are
eafily didinguiflied. IVo'.dward.

2. Difference of opinion ; coHtrariety of
fentiments.

They feemed one to crofs another, as touching
their feveral opinions about the ncceflity of facra-
ments, whereas in truth their difagmmtnt is not
e«"- H..ker.

To DisALLo'w. 'v. a, [dis and allnu.]

1. To deny authority to any.

When, f.id (he.
Were thofe firft councils dl/alI'Mu d by me ?
Or where dd I at fure tradition Ittike,
Provided Hill it were apoltolic ?

DryJen'i Hind and Panther.

2. To confider as unl.iwful ; not to permit.

Their ufual kind of difputing flicwcth, that they
do not difallo-jj only thefe Rom fli ceremonies
which are unprofitable, but count all unprofitab e
whicli arc Romifh. Hooker.

3. To cenfure by fome pofterlor aft.

It was known that the m-,ft eminent of thofe
who prufeded his own principles, publickly dif.il-
I'.ivcd h\% p. -.cesdings. Swift,

4. To cen.''ure ; not to jullify.

There is a I'Arel, inward f ireboding fear, that
(ome evil or other will follow the doing of that
which a nun's own conTcieacc difullnui him i n .

Stuiii,

To refufe permif-
not to make or

7oI)lSALLO'w. 1/. tt.

fion ; not to grant
fuppofe lawful.

_ God doth in converts, being married, allow con.
-tinuance with infidels, and yet di/a/low that the
faithful, when they are free, fliould enter into
bonds ot wedlock with fuch. Hooker.

DisALLo'wABLE. adj. [from difallonu.1
Not allowable ; not to be fuffered.

DiSALLo'WANCE. »./ [from difal/o'w.J
Prohibition,

God accepts of a thing fuitable for him to re-
ceive, and for us to give, where he does nut declare
his refufal and difallowavce of it. ' South.

To Disa'nchor. 'V. a. [from a'/.f and an.
chor.] To drive aftiip from its anchor.

To Dis a'ni MATE, v, a. [dis and ani-
mate.]

1. To deprive pf life.

2. To difcourage ; to dejefl; ; to deprefs.

The prefence of a king engenders love ainongft
his fubjefts and hij loyal friends, as it dlfanimatcs
his enemies. Shakefpeare's Henry VI.

He was confounded and dijar.iniatid at his pre-
fence, and added, How can th ^ lervant of ray lord
talk with my lord ? Boyle's Seraphic Love.

Disanima'tion. «./ [from difanimate.l
Privation of life.

They cannot in reafon retain that apprehenfion
after death, as being iffeSions which depend on
life, and depart upon difammaiirm.

Brown's Vjilgar Erroart.

ToDisannu'l. -v. a. [dis and an, at!. This
word is formed, contrarily to analogy,
by thofe who, not knowing the meaning
of the word annul, intended to form a
negative fenle by the needlefs ufe of the
negative particle. It ought therefore ta
be rejected, as ungrammatical and bar-
barous.] To annul ; to deprive of au-
thority ; to vacate ; to make null ; ta
make void ; to nullify.

The Jews ordinances for us to refume, were tt>
check our Lord himfelf, which hath dljannullid
""=jr- , Hooker.

_ i hat gave him power of difanmilllng of laws, and
difpofing of men's fortunes and crtates, and the like
points Of abfolute power, being in tijemfelves harih
and odious. _ ^acon.

To be in both worlds full.
Is more than God was, who was hungry here :
Wouldft thou his laws of fading dijuniiulf

,,,., . Herbert,

Wilt thou my judgments difannulf Defame
My equal rule, to clear thylelf of blame ? Sandys.
Disannu'lment. «./ [hum difannul.}

The ad of making void.
To Disappe'ar. -v. n. [difparoitre, Fr.]
To be loft to view; to vaniih out of
fight ; to fly ; to go away.

She difppear'd, and left me dark I I wak'd
To find her, or for ever to deplore. Milton.

W'hen the night and winter disappear,
I The purple morning, rifing with the year.

Salutes the fpring. Dr/den.

The pifturcs drawn in our minds are laid in

fading colours, and, if not fomctimes refreflied,

vanifli and difappear. Locke.

Criticks I law that others names deface.
And fix their own with labour in their place ;
Their ..wn, like others, foon their place relign'd.
Or difappear'd, and left the firft behind. Pope.

To DiSAppo'iNT. o. a. [disznd appoint.]
I . To defeat of expeftation ; to balk ; to
hinder from fomething cxpefted.

The fuperior Being can defeat all his dcfigns
and difipfoint all his hopes. Tilbifott,

Whim

D I S

Whilft thr champian, w'nh KiSdubW inl(he,
Strikes home the jjv'lin, his irtiring foe
Shrinks t'rjm the wound, a;nl (/[/iJ/'/iiiwt the blow.

jUJifin.
There's nothing like fuiprifing tlie rogues : how
»ill they hi- ilifapj>nnteH, vihca they he»r Clut ihoo
hift prevented tlicir revenge !

^rtvtbn-il'i UijJiry c/JthnButi.

We are notonly tortured by the reproaches which

>.-e ..liV-red u>, but »re dijuff'^micd by the lilence of

men wlwn it is unexpefted, and humbled even by

their praifcj^ jiaJiJcn.

2. It has c/" before the thing loft by difap-
pointment.

The Janizariei, <C/J/'/w(i>/<'i/ by the baflis e/the
fpoil, received of tlie bounty of Solyman a great
brgefs. Kxiha.

Dis\proi'NTMEKT. «. / [ from <?'//«/•
/w«/.] Defeat of hopes ; mifcarriage of
expcfiaiions. ^

It is impoSible for us to know what afe calami-
ua, and wiiat ate bleiTings. How many accidents
haw palled for misfortunes, which have turned to
the wclt'ire and profpcrity of the perfcns in whole
lot they have fallen 1 Hi

How many dijafifiintmnti
have, in their confequences, faved a man from
ruin ! SfcBator.

If we hope for things, of which wc have not
thoroughly confidered the value, our difafifeimmatl
will be greater than our pleafurc in the fruition of
them. jitiiiifon'i SftHnor.

Disapproba'tion. H.f, \_dit and afpro-
taiion.'] Ceufure ; condemnation ; e.x-
preflion o( diflike.

He W.18 obliged to put-lilh his letters, to, fliew
his dtjiifprchalkn of the publilliing of others, Ttfc.
^oDisAPPRO'vE. 1'. a. \_delapprottver, Fr.]
I. To diflike ; to cenfure.

I leal'on'd much, alas! but more I lov'd ;
Sent and recaU'd,ordain'd uni Jlfjf/,rov'd. Prior.

Without good breeding truth \% dtja^frbv^ d \
That only makes fuprrior fcnfe beiov'd, -TtfiC'

■i. To rejsft as difliked; not to confirm

by concurrence,
t A project for a treaty of barrier with the States
was tranfmitted hither from Hi>lan(), and was di(-
■ afprotitd of by our courts. Swift.

DisARu. n./. [hip, bifis, Saxon, a fool,
Skinner ; difeur, French, "Juniti!.^ A
prattler ; a boalling talker. This word
16 inferted both by Skinner and Junius ;
but 1 do not remember it.

ToDisa'rm. f. a. [di/ariiter, French.]

1. To fpoil or diveft of arms; to deprive
of arhis.

An order was made by both houfcs, for difarm-
ing all the papills in England. Clarmdon.

I am liill the fame,
By different ways ftill moving to one fame ;
And by dijarfifg you 1 now do more
To fave tlie town, than arming you before. Dryd.

2, It has o/" before the arms taken away.

They wjuld be immediately d'ljartnid of their
great magazine of artillery. I.crif.

y» D I s A R R a'y . -v.a. [dis and array.'\ To
undrefs any one ; to diveft of clothes.

So, a (he bad, the witch they dijarray'd.

Fairy ^tfrr.
Now night is come, now foon her difurruy.
And in her bed her lay. Spfrjtr't EpithjUimum.
Dijarra'y. n.f. [fronj the verb.]
I. Difordcr ; confuuon ;
lar order of battle.

' He returned towards the river, to prevent fuch
danger as the difirroy, occafione.i by the narrow-
nefs of the bridge,' mij,tit caft upon them.

Hayivard.
Vifarroy and fhamcful rout enftie.
And force is added la the fainting crew.
- Dtydin's Fallis,

t' Uadrcfs.

D 1 5

DuASJiDu'jTV. «./. Abfence of care or
attention.

The Cecillani kept him back; M very well
knovking that, up»n every little abfcnce ur Ji/a^-
duity, he ihoiild be fubjeft to take cold at his fcatk.

Wataiti.

DISA'&TER. n.f. [^j/a/?r«. French.]

1. The blaft or ftrolce of an unfavourable

planet. '^
Stars (hone with traim of fire, dews of blood
fall;
rj/f/'ri veil'i thefun; and the moift ftar.
Upon whole influence Neptune's c.npire llands,
Was Cck almuft to doomfday with eclipfe.- Shak.

2. Misfortune; grief; mifhap; mifery;ca-
lamity.

This day black omens threat the brighteft fair.
That e'er dcferv'd a watchful fpirit's care.
Some dire difujfer, or by force or QighCi
But what, or where, the fates have wrapt in night.

Poft.

To Disa'ster. -v. a. [from the noun.]

1. To blaft by the ftroke of an unfavour-
able ftar.

Ah, chafte bed of mine, Md (he, which never
heretofore couldft accufeme of one defiled thought,
how canll thou now receive that dijojlercd change-
ling ? s;</b7.

2. To afflia ; to mifchief.

Thele are the linlcs where eyes fliouid be, which
pitifully dij.ifi:i the cheeks. Shakiffcart.

In his own fields, the fwain
Difajlrr'd Amis. Tbomfor..

Disa'strous, adj. [(rom di/aj}er.'\

1. Unlucky; not fortunate.

That feeroetb a moft difajlrtui day to the Scots,
notonly in regard of this overthrow, but for thai
upon the fame day theji were defeated by the Eng
lilh arFloodenfi-ld. lUywar~

2. Gloomy ; threatening misfortune.

The moon.
In dim eclipfe, difuftmus twilight fliedj
On half the nations. _M''cn

3. Unhappy ; calamitous; miferabie ; ftruck
with artliftion.

Then Juno, pitjing her di/iflrottt fate.
Sends Iriii down, her pangs co mitigate. Deitam.

Immediately after his return from this ve y ex-
pedition, fuch difajlmii calamities betel his family,
that he burnt two of bis children hirnfelf. South.'

Kly the purfuit of my dipflrwi love ;
From my unhappy neighbourhood remove.

JDryd^n.

Disa'strously. adv. [from di/ajrous.]

In a difmal manner.
Disa'strousness. »./ [from di/afirous .'\

Unluckinefs ; unfortunatenefs. _ Dicl.
To DiSAVOu'cH. f. a. [dis and a'vouch.]

To retrail profeflion ; to difown.

Thereupon they Hatly dijavourh
To yield him more obedience or funport. Di'itirl.

To DiSAVo'w. ai. a. [d'ls and at/oxi'.] To

lofs of the regu-

difown ; to deny knowledge of ; to deny
concurrence in a"ny thing, or with any
perfon.

The he'rj and pofterity of them which yielded

the fame, are either ignorant thereof, or do wil-r

fully deny, orjlcdfaftly difuvc^O it, 1

ifcKjcr'i State oflrtJand.

The EngUfh did believe his. name was thcftin
abuftd; which hemanifefted to be true, by dljaijoto-
ing it openly aftcnvards. Hnynwrd.

To deal in ptrfon is good, when a man's face
hrcedeth rr£.i d, and generally when, a man will re-
firvc to himfeif liberty cither to difaww or to ex-
pound* Safort,

A roan that afts below his rank, doth but d[fa-
vsio fortune, and feemeth to be confcioua bi his
own want in worth, and doth but leach others to
cr.vv him< Maciti-

DIS

H< only does his con!)uell difavnv,
And tliinlu too little what they fuund too mueti.

DrydtD,

We are reminded by the ceremony of taking an

oath, that it is a part of that obedience whirfiwe

learn from the gofpel, cxprefsly to dijawu) aii

cvafions and mental refervations whatfeever.

Atidifon'a FreibMtr-

DiSAVo'wAL. n.f. [ixom dijavovj."] De-
nial.

An cameft difavmral of fear often proceeds
frt>m fear. Chr'ijfa,

DiSAVo'wMENT. ». /. [from di/avovi.'\
Deni.il.

As touching the Tridcntine hiftory, his holinef*
will not prefs you to any Jlj'jvawatiit tlieicof.

To Disau'thorisb. v. a. [dis and au~
thori/e.] To deprive of credit or autho-
rity.

The obtrufion of fuch particular inftanccs ai
thele, are infufficient to i//,'iii((i>sr//j a note grounded
upon the final intention of nature. H^ottcn,

ToDisba'nd. v. a. [dis '^nd iand.l

1. To difmifs from military fervice ; to
break up an army ; to dilmifs foldiers
from their colours.

They difhandcd themfelves, and returned every
man to his own dwelling. Knolla's Hijlorj,

Pythagoras bids us in ourftation ftand,
Till GoJ, our general, (hall us dijband. Dcnkiiv..

1 «m content to lead a private life;
Difian d my army to fccurc the (late,

Dryderi'l AurmgKehe*

Bid him di/b.ind his legiuns. Addifin'i Caie,

2, To difmifs from fervice.

Some imagine that a quantity of water, fufficient

to make fuch a deluge, was created upon that oc-

calion ; and, when the buiinefs wa> apne, ail dif-

bundtd again, and annihilated. H'iod'wari,

To DiSB a'nO. "V. n.

I . To retire from military fervice ; to fe-
parate ; to break ap.

Our navy was up m the point of i///^<ii»/!nf, and
many of our men come alhore. Bae.ffarwitb Sf.

The ra..g'dpow'rs
D /hand, and wand'ring each his fe.eral way
Puiurs. JiiUltllt

J lie co.nmon foldiers, and inferior oilicers,
fli uio be fully paid upon their Ji/4ff«j;ff^. Clarti:d.
' Were it not f^ft f me fmall remainders of piety
and virtue, whir.h aie yet ieft fcattcrcd among
mankind, human fociety would in a Ihort fpa<;e
t/jy^i;^ and run ntocotifurion, and the earth would
grow wild a: d becime a forell. Tilkijen,

2. To be diflblved.

Wh'.e rocks ftand,
And riwrs Or, thou canft not Ihrink or quail ;
Yfa, when both rocks and all things (hall dijband,
Vheo (halt til >u be my rock and tower, lltrh.

To Disba'rk, 1;. a, [rtt^aryniT, French.]
To land from a Ihip ; to put on (liore.

Together I'al' they, iraught with all the thingi
To fervice dene by land that might belong,
And, when occafi )ii Icrv'd, dijiitiiea thciii. Fairf,

The (hip we moor on thele obfcure abides ;
Dijbark the (hcep, an oficring to the gcds.

faje'i Odylfiy.
Dubeli'ef. n.f. [(rom dijhelieve.'\ Re-
fufal of credit ; denial of belief.

Our belief or dijte'itf iif a thing d^cs not alter
th'- ".atute of th'- tiling. Ti/htfir..

To Disbeli'eve. v. a. [dis and iehe-ve.]
Not to credit ; not to hold true.

The thinking it impodible his (ins (hould be
forgiven, though he (hould be truly penitent, is a
fin, but rather of infidelity than defpair; it being
the dijbitievmg of in eternal truth or God's.

Hammniii*% Pra^. Catech.

Such who profefs to dijhdievc a future llate, arc

not always equally fatisfied with their own reafbn-

ings. ' ^Ittrbury.

Fiom

D I S

Fiom t fondaefs to fome vices, which tlit <la£>
trine of futurity rendered uncafy, they brought
themfelves to doubt of religion ; or, out of a vain
affectation of feeing farther than other men, pre-
tenJcd to d'tjbrlicvc it. Rogers.

Pisbeli'ever. . /. [from diJbeUc've.'\
One who refufes belief; one who denies
any pofition to be true.

An humble foul is frighted into fentunents, be-

caufe a man of great name pronoui;ces berefy upon

■ the contrar)' fentiments, and cafts the d'ljhil'iever

out of the cbun:fa. ffnin.

TV Disbe'kch. I", a. [dii ind iencb.'] To

drive from a feat.

Sir, I hope
My words dijhenck^d you not ?
— — Na, Sir; yet oft.

When blows have made mr ftay, I fled from words.

Shahefpeare.
TV DisbRa'nch. v. a. [dis and branch.']
To feparate, or break off, as a branch
from a tree.

She that herfelf will flivcr tnA Jl/irjticb
From her maternal fap, perforce rouft wither.
And come to deadly ufe. Sbskefp. K'ing hear.

Such as are newly planted, need not be d'tj-
hrartrhtd till the fap begins to ftir, that fo the
wound may be healed wirfiout the fear.

Evelyn i Kalaidar^

7<>Disbu'd. v. a. [With gardeners.]

To take away the branches or fprigs

newly put forth, that are ill placed. Diel.

To Disbu'rden. -v. a. [dij and burden.]

I. To eafe of a burden ; to unload.

The river, with ten branches or flreams, dif'
turdsnt bimielf within the Perfian fea.

Ptactofn on Dratving.
Dijhurden'd heav'n rejoic'd. MJun.

3. To difencumber, difcharge, or clear.

They removed eicher by cafualty and (cmpcft, or
by intention and delign, either out of lucre of gold,
or for the dijhurdtninjr of the countries furcharged
lA'ith multitudes of inhabitants.

HaWt Origin of Mankind.
Wc fliall dijhurdcn the piece of thole hard fhn-
doK'ijigs, which are always ungraceful.

DryJtti't Dufrejny.

J. To throw off a burden.

Better yel-do I live, chat though by my thoughts
I be plunged into my life's bondage, ] yet may dij-
iurdinzpiffion, i>tdiify.

Lucia, dijhurden all thy cajrs on me,
And let me (Ian cby oioft ictir'd diiiii-fs.

.Iddyin's Calo.

y»Di»Bu'RDHjj. 1/. ». To eafe the mind.
To DISBLTRSE. i/. a. [debeur/er, French.]
To fpend or lay out money.

Money is not dijhurjed at once, but dra\Tn into a
long length, by fending over new twenty thnufand,
and next half year ten thoufand pounds. S^infrr.

Nor would we deign him burial for his men,
Tilt he difjurid ten thoufand dollars. Shakfff'.

As Alexander received great fums, he was no
le& generous and liberal in dijhurjing of them.

Arhuthn'jt an Coini,

Disbu'rsement. a./,[dibour/einent. Ft.]

1. Aiflofdifljurfing or laying out.

The queen's ttealure, in fo great occafions of
dijhurjtmcnts, is not always fo ready, nor fo plenti-
ful, M it can fpare lo great a fum together.

Sftnjir'i Irtltnd.

2. Sum fpent.

Disbu'rser. »./ [hom dfjbur/c.'] One

that difburfes.
DISCA'LCEATED. adj. {d:/<alc(atu,,

Latin.] Stripped of Ihoes.
Discalcea'tion. ». /. [from difcaJ-

ceaud.] The aft of pulling oft the

ihoes.
Vol. I.

D I S

The cuflom of difea/ccansn, or putting off ihtir
fliocj at meals, is conceived to have been done, ai
by that means keeping their beds clean.

Brczon s Vulgar Errottrs.

To Disca'ndy. 'V. n. [from dis and
candy.] To diffolve ; to melt. Hanmcr.

The hearts
That fpanlel'd me at heels, to whom I gave
Their wifhes, do difcandy, melt tlieir Iweets
On blolToming Caefar. Shahjyiare.

TcDisca'rd. -v. a. [dis AnA card.]

1 . To throw out of the hand fuch cards a?
are ufelefs.

2. To difmifs or ejedl from fervice or em-
ployment.

Thefe men being certainly jewels to a wife man,
confidering what wonders tiiey weie able to per-
form, yet vitn difcardtd by that unworthy prince,
as not worthy the holdini;. Sidney.

Their captains, if they lift, difrard v,hiim they
pleafe, and fend away fuch as will peihaps willingly
be rid of that dangerous and hard fervice.

Spcrijfr'i StJtf cf Ire/jnd.

Should we own ih'at we have a very iniperfefl
idea of fubHance, would it not be hard to ciiarge us
with dijcarding fubliancc out of the world } L'^cke.

JixR'iccdifcurds party, fricndfhip, kindred, and is
always thercfaie reprcfented as blind.

jiddijoni Guardian.

They blame the favourites, and think it nothing
extraordinary that the queen Ihould be at an end of
her patience, and refolve to dijeard them. Swift.

I do not conceive why a funk difeardtd party,
who neither expert nor defire more than a quiet
life, fliould be charged with endeavouring to intro-
duce popery. S-wif:.
Disca'rnate. adj. [dis, and caro, flelh;
/carnal 0, luL] Stripped of flefV.

'Tis better to own a judgment, though but with
a carta Jupftllex of coherent notions; than a nie-
niory, like a fcpulchre, furnifljed with a load of
broken and dijcarnatt bones. Glanville.

To Disca'se. 1/. a. [dis and cafe.] To
ftrip ; to undrefs.

Fetch me the hat and rapier in my cell :
1 will dfcafi me, and myfelf prefent. Sh,ik. Temp.
To DISCE'RN. ru. a. [difcemo, Latin.]

1. Todefcry; to fee; to difcover.

And behold among the fimple ones, I difeirned
among the youths a young man void of under-
landing. Pryv. vii. 7.

2. To judge; to have knowledge of by
comparifon.

What doth better become wifdom than to Jif-
cern what is wortliy the loving ? Sidney.

Does any here know me f This is not Lear :
Does i ear walk thus, fpeak thus > Where are his

eyes ?
Either his motion weakens, or his Ji/cernings
Me Irtharglcd. Sbakcjpiart.

You Ihould be rui'd and led
By fomc difcretiun, that dijctrni your ftate
Better than you yourfelf. Shak^feart' s King Lear.

3. To diftingullh.

To dijcern fuch buds as are fit to produce blof-
foms, from fuch as will difplay themfelves but in
leaves, is no difficult matter. Bcylc.

4. To make the difference between.

They follow virtue for reward to-day j
To-morrow vice, if (he give better pay :
We are fo good, or bad, juft at a price;
For nothing elfe dijarni the virtue or vice.

Ben ycnfon.
To Disce'r.v. -v. n.

I. To make diftinftion.

Great part of the country was abandoned to the
fpoils of the foldiers, who not troubling themfelves
to difaro between a fubjcft and a rebel, whil/1
their lifcerty laftcd, made indifferently profit of
both. Hayward.

The cu<V>m of arguing on any fide, even againft
ovrfer.uabsM, dims the uoderitanding, and makes

D I S

it by dcgieei lofe the faculty of d'ifcen.'uig between
truth and filfehood. ' Locke.

2. To have judicial cognizance: not in ufe.

It difcernctb of forces, frauds, crimes various of
ftellionate, and the inchoations towards crimes ca-
pital, not adlually perpetrated. BaccH,
Disce'rner. »./. [from di/c^rn.]

1. Difcovei L'l- ; he that defcries.

'Twjs fjiu they law but one; and no difcerner
Duifl wjg his tongue in eeniure. ^Ibak. Hen. VIU.

2. Judge ; one that has the power of dif-
tinguilhing.

He was a great obferver and difcerner of men's
natures and hum'urs, and was very dexterous io
compliance, wheie hz found it ufeful. CLnndcn.
How unequal dijh-tr.'n of truth they are, and
eafily expcfcd Lint.> cri^ur, will appear by t'.ieir un-
qualified intelleftuats. Brcwn's Vulgar Errouru
Disce'rnible. adj. [from dijcern.] Dif-
covcrable ; perceptible j diftinguilha-
ble ; apparent.

It is iiideed a fin of fo grofs, fo formidable a
bulk, that there needs no heip of opcicks to render
it dijcernrlfle, 2.nd therefore I need not farther expa-
tiate on it. Go-vernt'^ctjt of the Tongue.
All this is eafUy di/cemitle by the ordinary dif-
coarfcsof the undcrftanding. South,
Disce'rnibleness. n.f. [from dijctrni-

ble.] Vifiblenefs.
Disce'rn IBLY. adv. [from difcermble.'\
Perceptibly ; apparently.

Confider what doctrines are infufed difcernihly
amongll Cliril>ians, moft apt to obftrufl or inter-
rupt thechrillian life. Hammond.
DiSce'rning. part. adj. [from dijcern.]
Judicious ; knowing.

This hath been maintained not only by warm

enthufiafts, but by cooler and more difcernir.g

heads. Atterbury.

Djsce'rningly. ad'v. [from difcerning.]

Judicioufly ; rationally ; acutely.

Thefe two errours Ovid has moll difcemingly
avoided. Garth.

Disck'rnment. ». /. [from dijcern.]
Judgment; power of dillinguifiiing.

A leaitr that wants dfccrrn^ent, loves and ad-
mires the charadlers and actions of men in a wrong;
place. Freeholder.

To DISCE'Rf*. V. a. [difcerpo, Lat.] To
tear in pieces ; to break j to dellroy by
leparation of its parts. Diii.

Disce'rpti BLE. adj. [from dij'cerf.]
Frangible ; feparable ; liable to be de-
ftroyed by the difunion of its parts.

What is moft denfe, and Icaft porous, will he
moft coherent and leaft d'.jetj ptihle. Clawj Scepfn.

Matter is moveable, this immoveable; luacter

diftrpttble^ thip imiifcerptible. i^cre.

DlSCERPTIBrLITY. }l. f. [ftOm di/cCrf-

tible.] Liablenefs to be dellroyed by

difunion of parts.
Disce'rption. n.f. [from di/cerp.] The

ail of pulling to pieces, or deftroying by

difuniting the parts.
To DISCHA'RGE. -v. a. [decharger, Fr.]
t. To difburden ; to exonerate; to free

from any load or inconvenience.

How rich in humble poverty is he.
Who leads a quiet country life ; .^,

Difcharg^d of bufinr-fs, void of Itrife I ' /l)ryden,

2. To unload ; to difembatk.

I will convey them by (ea, in iloats, unto the
place that thou Ihalt appoint me, and will caufi;
them to be t'.ifthiirged. Kings,

3. To throw off any thing coIleSed or ac-
cumulated ; to give vent to any thing ;
to let fly. It is ufed of any thing vio-
lent or fudden.

3 Y - Mountinj;

D I S

Mounting his eyes,
He i'li iijiharge a horrible oath. Sbak. Hen. VIII.

Infcfted minds
To their deif pillows will dijcbarge their fecrcts.

Hhekeffietre': Mccbtlb.
Nor were thofe bluft'ring brechren left at large,
On feaa and fliorcs their fury to tlijdargr.

X)ryiicn'i Ovid*
Soon may kind heav'n a fu-e relief provide;
•Soon may your fire difchnrgt the vengeance due,
And all your wrongs the proud oppreflors rue.

Pofe's Odypj.
Difcbarge thy (hafts ; this ready bofom rend.

Pifii Slai'iui.

4. To unload a gun.

A conceit runneth abroad, that there fliould be
a w lite powder, which will dijcharge a piece with-
out noi fc. Bacon,

l^he galleys alfo did oftentimes, out of their

prow , difcitirrt their great piices agalnft the city.

KroHtt's Hi/lory.

We difihaiged a piftol, and had th: fou-.id rc-
t'lriied upon us nfty-fix times, though the air was
tofgy. ' Mdifiri tn Jialy.

5. To clear a debt by payment.

Death of one perfon can be paid but once,
^nd that the Ijs dijibarg'd.

Sbakrfpt,2rt'tAnlimy avd Cleopatra.
Now to the horrors of that uncouth place
He paflage begs with unregarded pray'i.
And wants two farthings to difchargr his fare.

Diyden's Juvenal.
When foreign trade imports more than our com-
modities will pay for, we contrail debts beyond
fta; and thofe are paid with money, when they
will not take our goods to difcbarge them. Locke.

6. To fend away a creditor by payment.

If he had
The prefent money to dijchargt the Jew,
He would not take it. ShaheJf.Menb. of Venice.

7. To clear a debtor.

A grateful mind
by owing owes not, but ftlll pays ; at once
Indebted and dijcharg'd. Milton.

8. To fet free from obligation.

If one man's fault could difcbarge another man
of his duty, there would be no place left for the
common offices of fociety. L'Eflrange.

When they ha« taken a degree, and are conle-
quently grown a burden 'to their friends, who now
think themfelves fully difcbarged, they get into
orders as foon as they can. - S^vift

9. To clear from an accufation or crime ;
to abfolve : with e/.

Tiicy wanted not rcafons to he difcbarged ff all
klame, who are confcflcd to have no great iault,
even by their very word and teftimony, in whofe
eyes no fault of ours hath ever hitherto been
Clleemed to be fmall. Hookey,

They are imprudent enough to difcbarge them-
ftlves c/'this blunder, by laying the contradiftion
at Virgil's door. Drjden.

lo. To perform ; to execute.

Had i a hundred tongues, a wit fo large
As could theii hundred ofBces difcbarge.

Dryden't FaHeu

ti. To pat away ; to obliterate j to de-
»oy-

It is done by little and little, and with many
effays ; but all this dijcbargetb not the wonder.

Bacon s Natural Hiflory.

Trial would alfo be made in herbs poifonous and
fwgacivc, whofe ill quality perhaps may be dif-
ciarg/d, or attempered, byfetling ftronget poifons
Or purgatives by them. Bacon.

la. To diveftofany office or employment;
todifmifs fromfervice : as, he difchargcd
his fteward ; the foldier wa» difcharged.

13. To diimils ; to releafe ; to fend away

D I S

When Cxfar would have difcbarged the fenitf,
in regard of a dream of Calphu.nia, this man tolJ
him, he hoped he would not difmifs the fcnate till
his wife had dreamed a better dream. Bacon.

14. To emit.

The matter oeing fuppurated, I opened an in-
flamed tubercle in the great angle of the left eye,
and difcbarged a well-coucofled matter.

Wifemans Surgery.

To Discha'rce. v. «. To difmifs itfelf;
to break up.

The cloud, if it were oily or fatty, would not
difcbarge. Bacon's Natural Hifiery.

Discha'rge. »./ [from the verb.]

from any bufinefs or appointment.
Ptfebargt yaui fow'n uoM their feveral coun-
Jtet, SbakiJ^eare.

1 .^ Vent ; explofion ; emiflion

As the heat of all fprings is owing to fubterrane-
ous fire, fo wherever there are any extraordinary
difcbargct of this fire, there alfo are the neighbour-
ing fprings hotter than ordinary. Jfoodicard.

2. Matter vented.

The hzmorrhage being flopped, the next oc-
currence is a thin ittOMi difcbarge. Sharp's Surg,

3. Difruption ; evanefcence.

Mark the difcbarge of the little cloud upon
glafs or gems, or blades of fwords, and you /hall fee
it ever break up firft in the flcirts, and laft in the
middle. Bacon't Natural liiflory.

4. Difmiflion from an office : as, the go-
vernour folicited his difcbarge,

5. Releafe from an obligation or penalty.

He warns
Us, haply too fecure of our difcbarge
From penalty, becaufe from death rcleas'd
Some days. _ MMton.

5. Abfolution from a crime.

The text exprell'es the found cftate of the con-
fcience, not barely by its not accufmg, but by its
not condemning us ; which word imports properly
an acquittance or difcbarge of a man upon fome
p-.ccedent accufation, and a full trial and cogni-
zance of his caufe. . South.

7. Ranfom ; price of ranfom.

O, all my hopes defeated
To free him hence ! But death, who fets all free.
Hath paid his ranfom now and full difcbarge.

Milton.

8. Performance ; execution.

The obligations of hofpitality and proteftion are
facred ; nothing can abfolve us from the difcbarge
of thole duties. L'Efirange.

9. An acquittance from a debt.

10. Exemption ; privilege.

There is no difcbarge in that war, neither fliall
wickednefs deliver thofe that are given to it.

Eccl. viii. 8.
Discha'rger. ti.f. [from di/ciarge.]

1 . He that difcharges in any manne».

2. He that fires a gun.
To abate the bombilation of gunpowder, a way

is promifed by Porta, by borax and butter, which

he fays will make it fo go off, as fcarcely to be

heard by the difcharger. Brtnvn,

Disci'ncr. adj. ldi/cin^us,Litia.'\ Un-

girded ; loofely dreffed. Di^.

To Disci'nd. v. a, [di/citidt, Latin.] To

divide ; to cut in pieces.

We found fevcral concretions fo foft, that we
could eafily difcind them betwixt our fingers. Beyle,

DlSCl'PLE. tt.f. [di/cifuluj. Latin.] A
fcholar ; one that profeiTes to receive in-
ftruilions from another.

He rebuked difciflei who would call for fire
from heaven upon whole cities, for the negleft of
a few. King Charles.

The commemorating the death of Chrilt, is the
profciling ourfclves the difciples of the crucified Sa-
viour ; and that engageth us to take up his crofs
and fallow him. Hammond.

A young difcifle (hould behave himfelf fo well, as
to gain the aSc^isn and (he car of his inftrudlor.

D I S

To Disci'pLE. v. a. [from the tiouB.J

1 . To train ; to bring up.

He did look far
Into thff fervke of the time, and was
VUcipled of the bravell. Shaiefpnre,

2. To puniQi ; to difcipline. This word
is not in ufe.

She, bitter penance ! with an iron whip
Was wont him to difciple everyday. Spenfer^

Disci'pLESHiP.M./ {hom di/dph.'\ The
ftate or fundlion of a difciple, or follower
of a mailer.

That to which juftificatlon is promifed, is the
giving up of the whole foul intirely unto Chrift, un-
dertaking difciflefhip upon Chrift's terms.

Hamn^^or.d's Prali. Cateeb,

DisCIPLi'nabLE. odj. [di/ciplinabilit,
Latin.] Capable of inftrudtion ; capable
of improvement by difcipline an J learn-
ing.

DisciplTnableness. »./ [from di/ci~
flinaile,] Capacity of inftruftion ; qua-
lification for improvement by educatioa
and difcipline.

We find in animals, efpecially fome of them, u
foxes, dogs, apes, hotfes, and elephants, not onljr
perception, phantafy, and memory, common ti>
moii if not all animals, but fomethingof fagacity^
providence, and difciplinatleneft. Hale,

DisciPLi N a'ri AN. adj, [from di/cifliue.l
Pertaining to difcipline.

What eagernefs in difciplinarisfi uncertainties,
when the love of God and our neighbour, evange-
lical unqueftionables, arc neglc£led! Clanv.Scefjis*
DisciPLiN a'rian. n.f. [di/ciplina, hat J]

1. One who rules or teaches with great
flridnefs ; one who allows no deviation
from flated rules.

2. A follower of the prefbyterian feft, fo-
called from their perpetual clamour
about difcipline.

They draw thofe that diffent into dillike with
the ftate, as puritans, or difciplinarians,

Sanderf, Pax. EceU
Di'sciplinarv. adj. \dijciplina, Latin. J

Pertaining to difcipline.

2. Relating to government.

Thofe canons in behalf of marriage were only
difciplinary, grounded on prudential motives.

Bijhop Feme,

3. Relating to a regular coarfe of educa-
tion.

Thefe are the ftudies, wherein our noble and.
gentle youth ought to beftow their time in a (/i/i-;-
plirarywiy. Milton,.

DI'SCIPLINE. n.f. {di/dplina, Latin.],
I. Education; infiruftion ; the aft of cul-
tivating the mind; the aft of forming;
the manners.

He had charge my difciprtr.e to frame,
And tutors nourlturc to ovcrfec. Spcnfer,

The cold of the northern parts is that which,
without aid of difcipline, doth make the bodiest
hardeft, and the cour..§cwarmeft. Bjcsr..

They who v\'ant that fenfe of difcipline, hearing,
are alfo by confequence deprived of fpeech. Holder.

It is by the afliftancc of the eye and the ear ef-
pecially, which are called the fcnfes of difciptirt,
that our minds are furnifhed with various parts of
knowledge. H'^atis.-

, Rule of government; order.; methodi
of government.

They hold, that from the very apoftles time-,
till this prefent age, wherein yourfclvei imagine
ye have found out a right pattern of found difcipline,,
there never was any time fate to be followed. HyAer^

As we are to believe for ever the articles of evan-
gelical doctrine, (o the precepts of difcipline we
are; in like foic,b9ui}d for ever (oobf«rvc. Hooker.

While

D I S

While we do tim'ts
tV%t virtue and thi» moral difdflme,
Let's be no ftoicks. Stfliffeare.

3. Military regulation.

This opens a)l your vidlories in Scotland,
Vour Jifciflm in w.i, wifdom in peace. Sbakeff.

Let croolccd fteel invade
The lawlafs troops which di/tipli'tt dilclaim,
And their fupcrtluous growth with rigour tame.

Drjden.

4. A (late of fubjedion.

The moft pej^feft, who have their pafllons in the
beft Jifcifiint, are yet obliged to be conftantly on
their guird. Rigcr:.

5. Any thing taught j art ; fcience.

Art may be faid to overcome and advance na-
ture in thefe mechanical Jifcif lines, which, in this
refpeO, are much to be preferred. H^ilkitij,

6. Punifhment j chaftifement ; csrreSion.

A lively col>ler kicked and fpurrcd while his
wife was carrying him, and had fcarcepalfcd a day
without giving her the dlfciflir.e of the ftrap.

AJJijin's Sfiflalir.

7. External mortification.

The love of God makes a man chade without
the laborious arts of fatting and exterior difcifl'me ;
he reaches at glory without any other arms but
thole of love. T^lor.

yi Di'sciPMNE. f. a. [from the noun.]

1. To educate ; to inftrufl ; to bring up.

We are wife enough to begin when they arc
very young, and difcif.'m by limes thofe other crea-
tares we would make ufeful and good for fome-
what. l^Kie.

They were with care prepared and difciptincd
for conlirmation, which they could not arrive at
till they were found, upon examination, to have
made a fufiicieat progrefs in the knowledge of
Chriftianit)-. AJdifim en the Chrijjian Relighn.

2. To regulate ; to keep in order.

They look to ui, as we fliould judge of an army
o( •KeU-Jifciflhud foldiers at a difiance.

_ Dcrbam'i Aflrt-Theologj,

3. To puniih ; to corred ; tochaftife.

4. To advance by inftrufUon.

The law appear'd imperfeO, and but giv'n
With purpofe to refign them in full time .
Up to a better covenant, difciflin'd
From Shadowy t)pes to truth, from fleih to fpirit.

Miltim.

To Discla'im. i». a. [Jit andr/a/w.] To

difown ; to deny any knowledge of; to

retrad any union with; to abrogate;

to renounce.

You cowardly rafcnl ! nature difcUi'mi all (hare
\a thee : a tayter made thee. Stair^. King Lear.

He call* the gods to witnefs their offence j
Vifclnimi the war, alierts his innocence.

Drydtn't /Eniid.

We fiiid our Lord, on all occafions, difc^iming
all pretenfions to a temporal kingdom. ' Rcgfs,

Very few, among thofe who profefs themfelves
Chriftians, difchm M concern for their fouls, dif-
own the authority, or renounce the expcftations,
of the gofpel. Rogert.

Discla'imer. n.f. [(torn di/c'aim.]

1. One that difclaims, difowns, gr re-
nounces.

2. [Inlaw.] A plea containing an exprefi
denial or refufal. Co^vell.

V'o DucLo'jE. v. a. {M/cluJc, Latin ; dis

and 4lo/t.'\
1. To uncover ; to produce from a flate of
lacitancy to open view.

In this deep quiet, from what fource unknown.
Thole feeds of fire their fatal birth difihfe ;

And fiift few fcatt'ring fparks about were blown,
Big with the flames that to our piin rofe. Dryd.
Then earth and ocean various forms difcl^fe.

The <faeUi being fcrokeh, ftnjtk off, and jont^

D I S

the ftone ;iiclude4 In them U thereby JifeltM anj
fet at liberty. H^nedward.

2. To hatch ; to open.

It is reported by the ancient*, thjt the oftrich
layeth her eggs under fand, where the heat of the
fun dijclojcth them. Bacon.

3. To reveal 5 to tell ; to impart what is
fecret.

There may be a reconciliation, except for up-
braiding, or pride, or di/chjrg of fecrets, or a trea-
cherous wound ; for from thefe things every friend
will depart. £„/«,,

If I difihyfe toy paflion.
Our friendfhip's at an end ; if I conceal it,
The world will call me falfc. Mdifins Cats.

DiscLo'sER. n.y; [from di/chfe.'] One
that reveals or difcovers.

DiSCLo'suRE. n.f. [from di/c/o/e.]

1. Difcovery ; produftion into view.

The producing of cold is a thing very worthy
the inijuifition, both for the ufe and dijik/ufe of
caufes. _ £aci„.

2. Adl of revealing any thing fecret.

After (o happy a marriage between the king and
her daughter, flic was, upon a fuddcn mutability
and difchfttre of the king's mind, fcvercly
handled. ^^„„.

DiscLu'siON. n.f. [di/clu/us, Lit.] Emif-
iion.

Judge what a ridiculous thing it were, that the
continued Ihadow of the earth fliould be broken by
fudden miraculous eruptions and di/c/ujions of light,
to prevent the art of the lanthorn-maker. More.

Discolora'tio.v. n.f. [from di/rolour.]

I. The aft of changing the colour; the adl
of llaining.

z. Change of colour ; ftain ; die.

In a depravation of the humours from a found
(late to what the phyficians call by a general name
of a cacochymy, fpots and dyccloraliins of the (kin
are ligns of weak fibres. Arbuibnsi.

To DISCO'LOUR. 'V. a. [decoloro, Lat.]
To change from the natural hue; to ftain.

Many a widow's hufljand groveling lies,
Coldly embracing xhe difcobur' d eitxh.

. , Shake//,. King John.

Drink water, eitherpare, or but difctUuredWah
"•^'f- rtmfU.

Sufpicions, and fantadical furmifc,
And jealoufy, with jaundice in her eyes,
Vifcakunng all (he view'd. Dryden.

He who looks upon the foul through its outward
aftions, fees it through a deceitful medium, which
is apt to difadcur and pervert the objcft. Add. Sfrfi.

Have a care left fome beloved notion, or fome
darling fcience, fo prevail over your mind as to dif-
eelour all your ideas. ffaits.

To DISCO'MFIT. IF. <j. [de/co«j!re. Fr.
fionfiggen, Ital. as if from difconjigere,
Lat.] To defeat ; to conquer ; to van-
quilh ; to overpower ; to fubdue ; to
beat ; to overthrow.

Fight againll that monftrous rebel, Cade,
Whom, fm>e, Hward to be dlfcamfittd. Shahfl>.

Jofliua diftomjijrd Amalck and his people w'ith
the edge of the fword. Excdtn.

He, fugitive, dedin'd fuperior ftrength ;
Difiomjitid, purfued, in the fad cfaace
Ten thoufjnJ ignnjninious fall. Philips.

While my gallant countrymen are employed in
piiil'uing rebels hi\( dijanifitrd through the confci-
oufncfs of their guilt, I rtiall improic thofe viftorics
to the good of my fellow I'ubjeiJls. Addifon.

Dijco'mfit. «./ [from the verb.] De-
feat ; rout ; overthrow.

Fly you muft : incurable difccmfit
Reigns in the hearts of all our prefent party.

Sbahff'eare.

Dagon muft ftoop, and ftiall ere long receive
Such a dif(>n:Jit, as fliall quite dcfpoilhim
Of all thefe bobited trophies, Milun's AgimJIes.

DIS

Dnco'MriTuiiB. »./. [from difcomfif.\
Defeat ; lofs of battle ; rout ; ruin i
overthrow.

Sad tidings bring I to you out of France,
Ot lofs, of flaughter, and dfcmiftute. ■'^haleffi.

Behold, every man's fword wis againft his fellow,
and there was a very great df omfiure. i Sam.

What a defeat and dijcomfiture is irto a man,
when he somes to ufe this we Jith, to find it all falfd
nietal . Government cf the Tongue.

He fent hij angels to fight for his p.-op|e ; and
the diftomjiture and flaughter of great iiolls is at-
tributed to their afliftance. yUtaburf^
Disco'mfort. n. j: [dii and com/on.)
Uneafinefs ; forrow ; melancholy f
gloom >

This himfelf did forefce, .-ind therefore armed h;i
church, to the end they might fuftaia it without
difcmfert. ^ Hnker.

Dijcomfcrt guides my tongue,
And bids me fpeak of nothing but defpair. Shai,

In folitude there is nolonly dij'ccmfirl, but weak-
ncfs alfo. SMb.

To Disco'mfort. v. a. [from the noun.]
To grieve ; to fadden ; to dejeft.

Her champion went away difcjmforted as much
as difcomftted. ' Sidn.y,

His funeral fliall not be in our camp,
Leit it difiomforl us. Sbakeffetre't Julius C<efar,

Disco'mfortable. adj. [from di.'cvn-
forr]

1. That is melancholy and refufes com»
fort.

Difcomfortaile eoufin, know'ft thou Dot
That when the fearching eye of Heav'n is hid
Behind the globe, it lights the lower world t Siak.

2, That caufes fadnefsi

What ! did that help poor Dorus, whofe evcj
could carry unto him no other news but </iTco»^f.
able ? ' aifimy ,

To Discomme'nb. <v. a. [Jit and co»i'
mend.] To blame ; to cenfure ; to me«^
tion with difapprobation.

Abfolutcly we cannot difccmmendi we cannot ab-
folutely approve, cither v/illingnefs to live, or for^
wardnefs to die. Hooker,

Now you will all be wits ; and he, I pray,
And you, that difctmmtnd it, mend the play.

Dcr.hifiu
Neitlicr do I difcommefid the lofty ftyle in tragedy,
which is naturally pompous and magnificent.

Drjd^.
D I s CO M M e'n d a b l e . adj. [from di/com-
mend.] Blameable ; cenfurable ; deferv-
ing blame.

I'ufillanimity is, according to Ariftotle's mora.

lity, a vice very dijtommendable. Ayliffe's Purergon,

DiS COM Me'nD ABLE NESS. n.f. [flOaxdif-

commendable.] Blamcablenefs ; liable-
nefs to cenfure. Diit,

D1SC0.VIMEN0 a'tion. n.f. [from difcom-
mend.] filame; reproach; cenfure.

Tuily alTigns three motions, whereby, without
any difcommendation, a man might be drawn to be-
come an accufcr of others. AyU^ts Tir:rggn.

Disco mme'nder. n.f. [ from di/conm.'nd. ]

One that difcommends ; a difpraifer.
To D I s c o M M o'n E . <v. a. [</r'i and eommtie,
Fr.] To put to inconvenience ; to mo-"
left ; to incommode.
Discommo'dious. adj. [from Ji/ccmmtd/. ]
Inconvenient ; troiiblefome ; uiipleaftng.
So many thoufand foldieis, unfit ior any labour^
or other trade, muft cither feck fervlce and cna-
pbymcnt abroad, which may be dangerous ; Or
elfe employ themfelves here at horn-:, wiiiih miy '
be Ji/eimirudioust .'sftnjer'i State of Ireland.

3 Y » Dirc*v-

D I S

Disco'Mmo'dit V. »./. [from Ji/ttmmedi.]
Inconvenience ; difadvanuge ; hurt ;
jnifchief.

Wtfrealcnowof ufury,how xht tUfcemimiCuits of
it OMiy be beft avoided, and the commoditiet re-
tiined : or how, in the balance ofcommoditlea and
J^itmrntdiiui, the (jualities of ufury are to be recon-
ciled. *«'■'"'•
It is better that a ftip (houM be prefcrved with
feme dijccamadity to the fjilots, than that, tlic
fai ors being in health, the (hip Oiould pf rifti.

liaytoard.
To DISCOMPO'SE. -v. fi. [ decompojtr,

Fr.]
1 . To djforder ; to unfettle.

The debate upon tlie fdf-di-nying ordinance
had raifed many jealoulies, and dijiimpojul the
••nfidtnce that had fonnerly been between many
of them. Clttrenioii.

a. To ruffle ; to diforder.

Now Betty from her nialter's bed had flown.
And fofdy ftole to rfi/fcm^/ir her own. Siv'ift.

3. To ditturb the temper ; to agitate by
perturbation.

No more, dear mother: ill in dcith It (hows,
Yo'jr peace of mind by rage to dlfcomfoft. Drydeti.

4. To offend ; to fret ; to vex.

Men, who po(refs all the advantages of life, are
in a ftate where there are many accidents to difor-
der snd di/com^cf; but few to pleafe them. S-wi/i,

5. To difplace ; to difcard : not in ufe.

Though he was a dark prince, and infinitely
fofpicious, he never put down or Jlj'comfcffd a
counfdlor or near feivjnt. Bccon.

Disk:ompo'sure. «./ [from difcompo/e.']
Diforder ; perturbation.

He threw himfelf upon his bed, lamentingwith
much palTion, and with abundance of tears ; and
continued in this melincholick dijcmifojure of
mind miny days. . CJartndon.

To Disconce'rt. f. a. [dii and co/icert.]

1. To unfettle the mind ; to difcompofe.

You need not provoke their fpirits by outrajjes :
a^carelefj gefture, a word, or a look, is enough to
JiJcMcm them. Coilnr.

2. To break a fcheme ; to defeat a ma-
chination.

Disconfo'rmity. «./. [dii and confor-
mity.'\ Want of agreement j inconfif-
tency.

Lyes arifc from errodr and mi(take, or malice,
and forgery ; they confift in the difagreement and
Ji/conformiiy betwixt the fpeech and the conception
of the mind, or the conceptions of the mind and
the things themfclves, or the fpeech and the
things. Unktuill o« Pnmdetice.

"DisconGKv'iTY.n./. [dii and congruily.']
Difagreement ; inconfiflency.

\ There is want of capacity in the thing, to fuf-
tain fuch a duration, from the intrinfical dijccn-
gruiiy of the one to the other.

Haiti Origin if Maniind^

Disco'nsol ATR. adj. [dis and ctn/ele.]
Void of comfort ; hcpelcfs ; forrowful ;
melancholy.

See CalTuis all difcerf&faU, ■
With Plitdarui his bondman, on this hilU Stak.

\{ patiently thy bidding they obey,
Dlfmifs them ivit diftanjolati. Mittm.

The ladies and the knightr , no (helter nigh,
Were dropping wet, di/cvtijolarr Anti wan,
Afid through their thin array receiv'd the rain.

Drydtn.

The moon reflets the funbeams to us, and fo,

hy Ulutninating the air, takes away in fome mea-

futc the dijctiifi/aii darkocfs of our winter nights.

R*y.
Di«co'nsolatbi.y. adv. [from diftenjo-
tatt.'\ Id a difconfolatc manner ;. com-
fortlcfsly.
»

D I S

Di»co'nsoi.atenb»s. »./ [from difnn-
folate. '\ The ftatc of being ciifconfulate.

Disconte'nt. n./. [ dis and content. ]
Want of content ; uaeafinefs at the pre-
fent llatc.

I fee your brows fall of difcstittnt^
Your hearts of forrows, and your eyes of tears.

Shuktjfcare.
Not that their pleafures caus'd her dijccnieni.
She figh'd, not that tbey (lay'd, but that (he went.

Pcft.

Disconte'nt. adj. [dis and content.']
Uneafy at the prefent Aate ; diflatif-
ficd.

They were of their own nature circumfpeA
and (low, dlfcountenanced and di/ccntent ; and
thofe the earl tingled as /itteli for bis purpofe.

Haytvard.

To Disconte'nt. v. a. [from the noun.]
To diffatisfy ; to make uneafy at the
prefent ftate.

I know a difc anient id %cnt.\tnM,
Whofe humble means match not his haughty
fpirit. Shaktfftare.

The difiemtrftJ now are only they
Whofe crimes before did your juft caufc betray. '

Drydcn.
Disconte'nted. participial adj. [from
difcontent.\ Uneafy ; cheerlefs ; male-
volent.

Let us know

What will tie up your difconienttd fword. Shakeff.

Thel'c are, beyond comparifon, the two greateft

evils in this world ; a difeafed body, and a dijcon.

tented mind. Tilimfon.

The goddefs, with a difcmtented air,
Seems to rejeA him, though (be grants his pray'r.

fofe.

Disconte'ntedneis. tt,/. [horn di/con-
tented.] Uneafinefs j want of eafe ; dif-
fatisfadion.

A beautiful had of Alexander the Creat calls
up his face to heaven with a noble air of grief, or
dijcimtentednefs, in his looks. AddiJonU Tmvels.

Disconte ntment. »./. [itom difcoa-
tcHt.l The ftate of being difcontented ;
uneafinefs.

Thefe arc tlie vices that fill them with genera)
difcontentmentt as though the bofom of that fa-
mous church, wherein they live, were more noi-
fome thab any dungeon. Hsoker,

The politick and artificial nouiilhing and en-
tertaining of hopes, and carrying men from hopes
to hopes, is one of the beft antidotes againft the
^oMoti oi dijtontentmenci, Baeor.

Disconti'nu ANCE. ti, f. [from dtfcon-
tinxe. ]

1 . Want of cohefion of parts ; want of
union of one part with another ; dif-
ruption.

The (lillicidcs of water, if there be enough to
follow, will draw themfclves into a fmall thread,
bccaufe they will not difcontinue j but if there le
no remedy, then they caA thcmfelves into round
drops, which is the figure that favcth the body
moll from diftontmuitnce. Bacon i Natural hijtory.

2. CefTation ; intermiflion.

Let us conlider whctl)er our approaches to him
are fwcet and refrelhing, and if we arc xmcafy
under any long difccntimuance of our ctinvcrf.ition
with htm. jitterbury.

3. [In the common law.] An interrup-
tion or breaking off; as difcontinuance
of pofleflion, or difcoiitinuance of pro-
cefs. The effeft of difccnttnuance of pof-
fcfilon is, that a m.in may not enter up-
on his own land or tenement alienated,
whatfoevcr his right Be unto it, or by
his owa authority ; but mull feck to re-

D I S

cover pofleflion by law. The effeft of
difconlinuame of plea is, that the in-
ftance may not be taken up again, but
by a new writ to begin the fuit afrelh.'

Cmiv//.

Discontinu a'tion. n./. [from di/ccn-

tinue.] Difruption of continuity ; breach

of union of parts ; difruption ; fepara-

tion.

Upon any diftentinuatkn of parts, made cither

by bubbles, or by (hakjng the glafs, the whole

mercury falls. Nt-vvtcn.

To DisconTi'nue. 1). n. [difcontinuer,

French.]

1 . To lofe the cohefion of parts ; to fuffer
feparation or difruption of fubftance.

All bodies, ductile and tenfile, as metals, that
will be drawn into v.'ires ; wool and tow, that
will be drawn into yarn, cr thread ; have in them
the appetite of not dijccnnnuim . llrong, which
maketh them follow the force tiiat pullcth them
out, and yet fo as not to di/emtiitue orfoifake their
own body. Bacon.

2. To lofe an eftabliflied or prefcriptive
cuftom or right.

Thyfelf (halt difcentinue from thine heritage th«t
I gave tliee, and I will caufe thee Co ferve thine
enemies. Jtr, ■

TV Disconti'nue. -v. a.

1. To leave off ; to ceafe any praftice or
habit.

Twenty puny lyes I'll tell,
That men (hall fwear I've difcentinufd fchool
Above a twelvemonth. Shakefpuire.

Examine thy cuftomi of diet, lleep, exercife,
apparel, and the like ; and try, in any thou (halt
judge hurtful, to di/conrinte it by little and little |
but fo, as if thou find any inconvenience by the
change, thou come back to it again. Baetn,

2, To break off; to interrupt.

There is that property, in all letters, of aptnefs
to be conjoined in fyllables and wordS) through
the voluble motions of tlic organs from one (top
or figure to another, that they modify and difcri-
minate the roice« without appearing to difKntinue
it. - Hoider^s Element: if S^eeb*

Disco ntinu'ity. n.f. [dis and conti-
nuity.] Difunity of parts ; want of co-'
hefion.

That difconlinuit] of parts is the principal cauft
of the opacity of bridles, will appear by confidering
that opaque fubftances became tranfparent bv (it-
ling their pores with any fubiUnce of equal, or »1-
raoft equal, deofity with their parts. Newta, ■

DiscON ve'niencb. n.f. [dis and convt-
#;V»ff.] Incongruity; difagreement; op-
pofttion of nature.

Fear arifeth many times out of natural antipa«
thics of nature ; but, in thcfc di/convenienees of na-
ture, deliberation bath no place at all.

Bramhairi Anftiiir te Hoiiet.
DI'SCORD. n./. [dijcordia, Latin.]

1. Difagreement ; oppofition ; mutual an-
ger ; reciprocal oppugnancy.

Sec what a fcourge is laid upon your hate.
That heav'n finds means to kill your joys with

love !
And I, for winking at your difcords t»o.
Have loll a brace of kinfmcn.

Sbakeffcare' 1 Renue and Juliet.

He is a falfe witnefs that fpeaketh lies, and that

fowcth difeord among brethren. Proverit.

2. Difference or contmriety of qualities,
particularly of founds.

Take but degree awjy, untune that ftrlng,
Atid hark what dijcjrd follows ; each thing meet*
In lorrc oppugnar.cy. Shc-<LeJ'j>, Trcil. ard Cre^

Dife^fJt like that, of mufic's various parts,
D./ierd that makes the harmony of hearts;

Difetrd,

D 1 S

mFcsri, that only this Jifput* Uiall bring, ■
Wlio bed <hall Uve the d»rfte aad fcrve the king.

Drydi-ri.
All haturt il but art unknown to thee ;
All ch«nee, ^jfeftion which ttioa tanft not fce }
All dljccrd, harmony 't imderftood }
All partial ev-1, uni^crfal good. Tope.

3. [In raufic] Sounds not of themfelves
pleafing, but neceffary to be mixed wi»li

others.

It is found alone that doth Immediately and in-
torporeally affeft moft i this is moft manifefl in
niufic, and concords and difc-.rjt in mufic •. for
all founds, whether they be iharp or fljt, if they
be fweet, hjve a roundncfs and equality ; and if
they be harfli, are unequal : for a difcard itfelf is
but a harflinefi of divers founiJs meeting. BacM.

It is the larlc that linjS fo out of tune.
Straining harfli Ji cor</; and unplcafing (harps.

Sbjkefptare,

Hov/doth raufic amaze us, when of difcordi ihe

maketh the fweeteft harmony ! Ptjcbam.

To Di'scoRD. -v .n. idi/cordo, Latin.] To

difagree ; -not to fuit with.

Sounds do diftorb and alter the "Sne th« other ;
fometimcs the-onc drcnA^iirg the other, and mailing
it not heard ; fomeiimes the one jarring and
SJardmg with the other, and making a confufion.

Sacin.
Disco'rdance. 7 «./. [from di/cord.]
Disco'rdancy. J Difagreeraenti oppo-

fition ; inconfiftency.
3)ico'r.uant. adj. \difcotdans, Ladn.]
1, Inconfiftent ; at variance with itfelf.
Myrrlia was joy'd the welcome news to hear.
Bur, clogg'd with guilt, the jiy was unfincete;
So various, fo d'ljcvrdant is the mind,
That in our will a different will we find. Drydtn.

i, Oppofite ; contrarious.

The di/ccrdani attraction of fome wandering
comets would certainly difordcr the revolutions
of the planets, if they approach? J too near th«n.

3. IncongTuous ; not conformable.

Hither confcirnce is ta be referred ; if by a com-
parifon »f things done with the rule there be a
confonancy, then follow? the fcntence of appro-
bation J it difcordant from it, the fentcnce of con-
demnation. Halt's OHgil! of MiinHrd.

Disco'RDANTLY.<j(f'i/.[ ftom difcordant. ]
1 . Inconfiftently ; in difagreement with
itfelf.

1. In difagreement with another.

Two ftrings of ■ mufical inftrumcnt being
ftruclc' together, making two noifes that arrive at
the ear at the fame time as to fenfe, yield a found
di^ering- from cither of them, and as it wert
compounded of both ; infomuch, that if they be
Jifardanriy tuned, though Cdch of them ftruck
apart would yield -a pleating found, yet being
ftruck together they nuke a harlhand troublcfom':
noife. BoyJi on Colours,

3. I'eeyifVily ; in a contradiftious manner.
Te Disco'vBR. V, a. [dhowvrir, French )

dis and fif^r..]
I. T« (hew ; to difclofe ; to bring to

light; to make vilible.
3. TocKpofe to view.

The cover of the coach wa? made with fuch
joints, that as they might, to avoid the weather,
pnll it op clofe, fo they mifht put ra;h end down,
and remain as difcMjtred a. id opcn-fightcjj as on
hor/eback. Sidney •

Co draw a{ide the cartaini, and difcvt'ir
Tnc fevtial cafketsto this noble prince. Shukejf.
He dift<niirtib deep things out of darkncl:, and
bringeth out to light the fliadow of deiitb.

'J-'h, xii. 22.

3. To (hew ; not to IheHer ; to cxpofe.

And now will 1 dijcner l;er Uwdncfs. Hfjra.
Law can dijt;'jir fin, but not remuve. M.llon.

DIS

4. To make known ; not to difguife ; to
reveal.

We will pafs over unto thofe men, and we will
(/i/cwa- ourfelves unto tlicm. Ijn. xiv. 8.

Eve, who unfeen
Yet all had heard, with audible lament
Difcmir'd from the place of her retire. MUlon.

5. To ken ; to efpy.

When we had dijuvercd Cyprus, we left it on
the left hand. _ _ ^^s-

6. To find out ; to obtain information.

He (bail never, by any alteration in me, rlifccmrr
my knowledge of his miftake. Pope's Letters.

7. To deteft ; to find though concealed

Up he ftarts,
Djfctvtr'd and furpris'd. Milton.

Man with ftrength and free will arm'd
Complete, to hi^vedifiover'd and repuls'd
Whatever wiles of foe or fceming friend. Milton.

8. To find things or places not known
before.

Some to difcovtr illands far away, Shaiefp.

Another part in fquadrons bend their march
On bold adventure, to difiover wide
That difmal world. ' Milton.

So of things. The Germans di/co-
vered printing and gunpowder.

9. To exhibit to the view.

Some high climbing hill.
Which to his eye difmvert unaware
The goodly pr«fpedi of fome foreign land, •
Firll feen, or fome renown'd metropolis
With glift'ring fpires and battlements adorn'd.

Miitsn.
Not light, but rather datkncfj vifible,
Setv'd only to difiover fights of woe.

Milton.
Disco'vERABLE. adj. [frOTli di/cover.]

1 . That which may be found out.

That mineral matter, which is fo intermixed
wltli the common and terrellrial matter, as not to
be difioverablety human indufti^ ; or, \< dijcover-
able, dilfiifed and fcatttrrt amongft the crafler
matter, can never ai feparated.

fVood'jiard^s Nalur^l Hifiory.

Revelation may alTert ^vo things to he joined,
whofe conneftion or agreement is not difioveraih
by reafon. IValls.

2. Apparent ; expofed to view.

They were deceived ty Satan, and that not in
an invinble fitnation, but in an open and difiover-
able apparition, that is, in the form of a ferpent.
Broti'n't Vulgar Errours.
It is concluded by afttonomers, that the atmo-
fphere of the moon hath no clouds nor rains, but
I a perpetuil-and uniform fercnity ; bccaufe no-
thing dijeoverahle in the liinar furface is ever co-
■ vered and abfcondcd by the interpolition of any
cloodi or mills. Benlley.

jDisco'vERER. fi.f. [from difcinier.'\
\\. One that finds any thing not known
before ; a finder out.

Jf more be found out, they will not recompcnfe
the diftovtrer'i pain3, but will be fitter Xa be cart
out. Holder,

Places receive appellations, according to the lan-
guage of the difiovirir, from obfervatjons made
upon the people. Bncme.

The Cape of Good Hope was doubled in thofe
early times ; and the Portugucfc wcic notthe firft
dijio-vertrs of that navigiition. ylrhttthinit on Coint.

An old miidcH gentlev/oman is the grcatcfl dij-
eoverir of j jdjmentb ; (he can tell you what fin it
was (hat fei fuch a man'i> houfe on fire.

Mdijon's SpiElator,

z. A fcout ; one who ^is put to dcfcry the
pollure or number of an enemy ; fpe-

culator.

Here tland, my lords, and fend dijiorvtrtrs forth.
To kn lA the numbcis of our rncmics. iihahjp.

^Disco'vERV. II. /. [ftom dt/coier,']
I. The ac^ of finding any thing hidden.

D I S

Of all who fince have us'd the open (ia.
Than the bold Engllfh none more tame hive W"

Beyond the year, and out of heaven's highw./.,
They make i/i/fiwer<fj where they fee no fun.

Dry den.

2. The aft of revealing or difclofing any
fecret.

What, muft I hold a candle to my fhamc ?
They in themfelves, good footh, are too, too lighf.
Why 'tis an office of <///r(«'cry, love.
And I (hould be obfcur'd. Sh^k, Merch.ofFcmtf^
" Things that iippcared amiable by the light o^
this world, appear n{ a different odious hue in th*-
clear difcoveries of the nexU Soutb.

It would be neceffary to fay fomcthing of the
(late to which the w;ir hath reduced us j fuch a
dijcavery ought to be made as late as pofiible.

Stv'ift.

To Discou'nsel. 'V. a. [dis and coun/eL]
To difTuade ; to give contrary advice..
Obfolete.

But him that palmer from that vanity
With temperate advice difaunftlkd. Spenfer.

Di'scouNT. n.f. \_dis zxiA count. 1 The
fum refunded in a bargain.

His whole intention was, to buy a certain quan-
tity of copper money from Wood, at a large dif-
eount, and fell tnem as well as he could. Sivift,

To Discou'nt. "t/. «. [from the noun.]
To count back j to pay back again.

My father's, mother's, brother's death 1 pardon ;
My prayers and penance (hall dijcount for thefe.
And beg of heav'n to charge the bill on mc.

Vryden*
The farmers, fpitefully combin'd,
i^rce him to take his tithes in kind ;
And Parvifol dtfcounis arrears
By bills for taxes and repairs. Stvi/t.

To Discou'ntenance. v. a. [dis and
countenance,']

1 . To difcourage by cold treatment.

Unwilling they wt-re to dijcountenance any man
who was willing to ferve them. Clarcndm*

The truly upright judge will always countenance
rig',", and iHfisuntinmce wrong. Atterburj,

2. To abafh ; to put to Ihame.

Wifdom, in difcourfe with her,
Lofes difictititenanc'd, and like folly (hewi. Milton.'

He came, and with him Eve, more loth, tho' firft
To offend j difcountenanc'd both and difeompos'd.

MiJtmt

How would one look from his majeftic brow,
Seated as on the top of virtue's hill,
Difiouni' nance her defpis'd '. Milton;

Discou'nte N AN CE. ti./. [dis and coun-
tenance.] Cold treatment ; unfavourable
afped ; unfriendly regard. -

He thought a little dijcouiitenance upon thofe per-
fons would fupprefs that fpirit. Clarendon.

All accidental misfortunes, how inevitable fo-
ever, were (lill attended with very apparent dif-
countenanee. ' Clarendon, '

In expeftation of the hour of judgment, he pa-
tiently bears all the difficulties of duty, and the
difcouritcnance he meets with from a wicked' and
prophanc world. 'Rogeis.

Discoo'ntenancbr. «./. [from di/caan-
tenance.] One that difcourages by cold
treatment; one that depreiTes by un-
friendly regard.

Rumours of fcandal and murmurs againlt the
king, and his government, taxed him f r a great
taxer of his people, and dijcountenancer of his no-
bility. Bacon.

To DISCOU'RAGE. i;. a. [decourager,
Fr. dis and courage ]

I. To dcprefs ; to deprive of confidence ;
to dejctl ; to daftardiz.e.

I might neitlier encourage the rebels infolence,
not difiouraio Che pto;e(lant5 loyalty and patience.

K.nit Charles.

* The

D I S

Tbr voft1< <^>th S"*i 1^*1 dijoiirjgu tM un-
rtifonable a prcfuniftinn. Itegrrt.

>. To deter ; to fright from any attempt :
v.ithyrcm betbrc the tiling.

Whtrefore dijnurage ye the lieart of ihe children
of ICmel/i-cm going over into the laud ?

3. It is irregularly ufcd by Temfte with
<o before the following word.

You may keep your beauty and your health,
unlefs )ru deltroy them yourfclf, or diftt/uroge
them (0 Oaywitli you, by ufing them ill. ttmfh.
Piscou'racsr. n. f. [from difcoHrage.'\
One that imprefTes difitdence and ter-
rour.

Moft men in years, as they are generally iij-

towjgrrt of youth, arc like old trees, which, being

pill bfitina themfelves, will futi'crno young planta

ro fiouriih beneath them. Pci^e.

DlSCOtj'R.ACEMENT, K. /. [from dij'cOU-

rage.'\

1 . 1 he aft of deterring, or deprefling hope.

2. Determent ; that which deters from
any thing : withjO-ww.

Amongft other impediments of any inventions,
it is none of the mtstntft difrourag/Tncrts, that they
ate lb generatiy derided by comn^on opinion.

mHim.

The books read at fchooU and colleges are full

of incitements to virtue, anti dhicuragtments from

. vice. Swift.

3. The caufe of deprcffion, or fear : with
to, lefs properly.

'fo thincs we would have them learn, the great
and only dijauragcmtnt is, tliat they are called to

DIScbu'RSE. ». /. yi/cours, French •
difcur/us, Latin.]

1. The aft of the underftanding, by which
it pafles from premifes to coniequences.

By reaibn of that original weaknels in the in-
ftn.merts, without which the underftanding part
is not able in this world by difcmirfi to work, the
•very conceit of painfulnefs is a bridle to ftay us.

'.■^jcher.

Sure be that made us with fiich large dijcsurft,
Looking before and .'sftcr, gave us not
That capability and godlike realoa
To ruft in us unus'd. Shahfpeare.

The a£l of the mind which conne^s propofi-
tions, and deduccth conclufions from them, the
fchools call dijccurfc ; and we Ibail not mifcall it,
if we name it reafon. Clar.vilU.

2. Converfation ; mutual intercourfe of
language ; talk.

He waxeth wifcr thanhimfclf, more by an hour's
dijCiurJe, than by a day's meditation. Bjibn.

In thy dtjcottfjey if tl^c)u defirc to pleafe.
All fuch is courteous, ufcful, new, or witty ;

Ufefulnefs comes by labour, witbyeale,
Courtefy grows in court, news in the city. Hirhcrt,

The vantjuifli'd party with the vidlors join'd,.
Nor wanted fwcet dij'ceurft, the banquet of the
mind. J)rydcn,

3. Effufion of language ; fpeech.

Topical and fuperAeial arguments, of which
there is ftoie to be found on both fides, Ailing the
head with variety of thoughts, and the mouth with
copious dijuuijt, Icrve only to amufe the under-
llanding and entertain company. Lm-ir.

4. A treatife ; a dinertation either written
or uttered.

The dificurfc here is about ideas, which, he fays,
ire real things, and feen in God. Lacitc.

Klutaich, in his rfi/roar/i upon garrulity, com-
mends the fidelity of the companions of Ulyflcs.
Pif,t'l ddyl/^y.

Tfl Dwcou'rse. rv. n. [from the noun. J
J . To converfe ; to talk ; to relate.
Hr,w wi-rt thou handled, lieing prifonci >
Dij*i0rji, I pr'y thee, on this turret's top. Slakeff.

D I S

Of vat'ioiu thing* diffmrfng as be pafk'd,
Anchifes hither herd;. Dtjdtn.

2. To treat upon in a folemn or fet manner.

The general maxims we an dijccurjlng of are not
known to children, ideots, and a great part of
mankind. Lwit.

3. To reafon ; to pafs from premifes to
eonfcquences.

And yet tiie pow'rs of hcT difcwrjing thoughts.
From the colleSion is a divcrfe thing. Dmiicu
Brutes do want that quick dijcmrjirg power.

Daviet.

To Discou'rse. <v.a. [from the noun.]
To treat of ; to talk over ; to difcufs.

Go with us into the ahbey here.
And let us there at large diJcosirCe our fortunes.

Discou'rser. n.f. [from di/cour/e.']

1 . A fpeaker ; an haranguer.

The traft of every thing
Would by a good difcevrfcr lofe foroc life,
Which action's felf was tongue to. Sl'okeffeari,

2. A writer on any fubjeft } a diflertator.

rhilologcrs and critical dtfcourjiri, who look be-
yond the obvious exteriors of things, will not be
angry at our narrower explorations. Bro-wn.

But it feems to me, that fuch difcourfers do rea-
fon upon fliort views, and a very moderate compafi
of thought. Sivi/t.

Discou'rsive. <7i^". [from difc<iurfe.'\

1. Faffing by intermediate Heps from pre-
mifes to confequences.

The foul
Reafon receives, and reafon is her being,
D.;/"«i/r/iWf, or intuitive ; di/i:ourfe
Is ofteii yours, the latter is moil ours. Milltn.

2. Containing dialogue ; interlocutory.

Thccpic is every where interlaced with dialogue,
OT difc:ur/i-ve Cccncu Drydcfi on Dravratic Poffy.

Discou RTEOiiS. «fljr'. {^dis indcourleous.]
Uncivil ; uncomplaifant ; defcftive in
good manners.

He refolvedtounhorfethe firft difinrtKus knight

he fiiould meet. Mitieux's Don fixate.

Discou'rtesy. n./. \_dis and courte/y.'\

Incivility ; rudenefs ; aft of difrefpeft.

As if chearfulncfs had been tedioufnefs, and
good entertainment had been turned to difcourtefy,
he would ever get himfclf alone. Sidny.

Be calm in arguing ; for fiercenefs makes
Error a fault, and truth difceurttfy. Herheri,

He made me vilits, maundering as if I had done
him a Jifcouriejy. JVifemnn.

Discou rteously. ad-v. [from difcour-

teous.'\ Uncivilly ; rudely.
Di'scous. adj. [from <///?«/, Lat.] Broad;
flat ; wide. Ufed by botanilh to denote
the middle, plain, and flat part of fome
flowers, fuch as the flos foils, l^c.

putney.

DISCRET)IT, n.f. [decredUer, French.]

Ignominy ; reproach ; lower degree of

infamy ; difgrace ; impnt.itionof a fault.

Had 1 been the iindcr-outof this fecret, it would

not have relifticd among my other dijcredtts. Sbok.

Idlers will ever live like rogues, and not fall to

work, but be la^y, and then certify over their

country to the dijcrtdit of a plantation. Baan.

That they may quit their morals without any

difcn'dit to their intellectuals, they fly to feveral

ftalc, trite, pitiful objections and cavils. Scut^.

'Tis the duty of every chriliian to be concerned

for the reputation or diftreJit his life may bring on

hiS protcflion. Rcgtrs,

Alas, the Imall difcredit of a bribe
Scarce hurts thclawycr, but undoes the fcribe.

Poft.
rij Discre'dit. f. a. [dt'creditcr, Fr.J
I. To deprive of credibility ; to make not
trufted.

D I S

He had framed to htmfelf many jtee'ving pra*
mifes of life, whicKJ have d':fcredind to him, in4
now is he refolved to die. ShaktJ^tare,

1. To difgrace ; to bring reproach upon j
to fliarae ; to make lefs reputable or hO'
nourable.

Vou had left unfcen a wonderful piece of work,
which not to hive been Ueft withal, vrould hav«
dijiredilcd you. Shaktjptare*

He is commended that makes a faviAg voyage,
a d lead di/credili Wit travels, who returns the fame
man he went. ff^ottca.

He, like a privlleg'd (Jiy, whom nothing can
Dticfidr, libels now 'gainft each great man. Dcme^

Reflect how glorious it would be to appear in
countenance of d:fcredUed duty, and by example of
piety rcvivi: the declining fpirit of religion. Rcgtri.

Without care our bell aCtions will lofe much of
their influence, and our virtues will be often difcn-
dited with the appearance of evil. Roget-j,

3. To diftruft ; not to credit ; not to hold

certain.
DISCRE'ET. adj. [di/cret, French.]

1 . Prudent ; circumfpcft ; cautions ; fo-
ber ; not rafh ; not precipitant ; not
carclefs ; not hardily adventurous.

Honell, difcrtet, quiet, and godly learned men,
will not be withdrawn by you. fytitgiFtt.

Lefs fearful than difcn-et.
You love the fundamental pattof ftate.
More than you doubt the charge of 't. Siaktff,

To elder years to be d'tjcrcu and grave.
Then to old age maturity (he gave. Derbam.

It is the difcrttr man, not the witty, nor tlrf
learned, nor the brave, who guides the converfatioRy
and gives meafures to fociety. Mdijon's SfcH.

2. Modeft ; not^forward. Not well au-
thorifed.

Dear youth, by fortune favour'd, but by los'e,
Alas ! not favour'd lefs, be ftiU as now
Difcreet. Ttcmfn.

Ducree'tl V. ad-v, [from di/ci-ee/.] Pru-
dently ; cautioufly ; circumfpeftly.

Poets lofe half the praifc they fhould have got.
Could it be known what they dijtrutly blot. WalUr.
The labour of obedience, loyalty, and fubjeClion,
is no mote but for a man honelily and difcrectly la
fit dill. _ Scutt.

Profit fprings from hufks Jifcrett'yui'd. Fhilipt.
The duUeft brain, if gently ftirr'd.
Perhaps may waken to a humming bird ;
The mod reclufe, difcrectly open'd, find
Congenial objeCl In the cockle kind. Fvfe'sDtin.
Discree'tness. n.f. [from difcreet.)
The quality of being difcreet ; difcre--
tion.
DI'SCREPANCE. n.f. [di/crefaKtia, La-
tin.] Difl^erence ; contrariety ; dif-
agreement.

Oiverlity of cdocatitm, and dijirepancy of thofe
principles wherewith men are at firft imbued, and
wherein all our after reafonirgs are founded.

Lcrd Digiy la K, D:giy.
Di'scrbpant. adj. [di/cnpans, Latin.}

Different ; difagreeing ; contrary.
■Ja Discre'te. -v. a. [di/cretus, Latin.]
lb feparate ; to difcontiuue.

As for its diaphaneity, it enjoyeth that moA

emin^tly j as^ving its earthly and falinous parts

fo exafliy refolved, that its body is left imporous,

and not difcrtudhy atomical terminations. Broviit*

Discre'te. adj. [di/cretus, Latin.]

I. Diliinft ; disjoined ; not continuous.

Ptfcrtle quantity, or diiiercnt individuals, arc
mcafurcd by number, without any breaking conti-
nuity j that is, in things that have continuity, as
continued quantity and motion.

HaU't Origin cf Manhind.

i. Disjunftive ; as, / rcjtgn my life, but
not my hnnottr, is a difcrete propofition.
6 3. Difirett

D I S

J. Di/crete ProferticK is when the ratio be-
tween two pairs of numbers or quanti-
ties is the fame ; but there is not the
fame proportion between all the four :
thus, 6 : 8 : : 3 ; . Harris.

Discre'tion. n./. [from dijcref to, Lat.]
I. Prudence ; knowledge to govern or di-
reft one's felf ; flcill ; wife management.

Notliing then was further thought upon for the
manner of governing J but all permitted unto their
wifdom ?nd tii/ireuou which were to rxilc, }icoker.

A kni'e may be taken away from a child, with-
out depriving them of the benefits thereof which
have years and 4'tjcrmon to ufe it. Hooker.

It is not g'>od that diiiiren fliould know any
wickednefs : uld folks have Ji/crttim, and know
the world. ShaUffcare,

All this -wai ordcr'd by the good dif'.rctkn
Of the right reverend cardinal of Vork.

Stakcffeare's Henry VIII.

The plcafuT* of commanding our paHions is to
be preferred before any fenfual plcafure , becaufe it
js the pleafure of wifjom and di/creihn, Tillotfcn.

But care in poetry mud liill be had,
It aflcs difcrethn ev'n in running mad. P-ift.

There is no talent fo ufeful towards rifing in the
world, or which puts men more out of the reach of
fortune, than difcretian, a fpecies of lower pru-
dence. Swift,

Z. Liberty of ailing at pleafure ; uncon-
trolled and unconditional power: as,
he furrenders at Aifcretion ; that is, with-
out (lipulation.

Discre'tionary./i^'. [from difcretkn.'\
Left at large ; unlimited ; unreftrained.

A deacon may have a djfpenfatton for entering
into orders before he is twrenty-three years of age ;
and it is d':fcrethnary in the bilhop to admit him to
that order at what time be thinks fit.

Aylifft'i Parergnn.
The major being a perfon of conlummnte expe-
rience, was invefted willi a difcnti^nary power.

T^.'/.r.
Discre'tive. a{lj. [Ji/cretus, Latin.]

1. [In logick.] Di/creti-ve propofitions are
fuch wherein various, and feemingly op-
pofite, judgments are made, whofe va-
riety or diftinftion is noted by the par-
ticles iut, though, yet, ice. as, tra-vellen
may change their climate, but net their
temper ; Job •was patient, though his grief
avas great. PVatts.

2. [fn grammar.] Di/cretitie diHin(MoBs
are fuch as imply oppofition ; as, net a
man, but a heaji.

Discri'min ABLE. adj. [from liifcrimi-

nate-l DiHinguifhable by outward marks

Or tokens. Diff.

To DISCRI'MINATE. v. a. [dt/crimino,

Latin.]
K To mark with note* of difference ; to
dillinguifh by certain tokens from an-
other.

Oyfters, and cockles, and mufclcs, which move
not, have no dijcrirn'miti fcx. t arm's Nat. Hift.

There arc three forti of it differing in fincnefs
from eacji other, and Hiftr'm'malrd by the natives
bj three peculiar namct. Boyle.

The right hand \% difcrminated from the left by
a natural, necefluy, and never to be confounded
diftinflian. Smih,

Although the fintures of hit countenance be no
reafon of obedience, yet thty may fcrve to difcri-
mirati him from any other perfon, whom rtie ii not
*> obey. SiHhrg/le/t.

There may be ways of difcriminating the voice j
ai by acutenefs and gravity, the fcveral degrees of
jjCnc and failing from one tsae or note to another.

Uddtr.

D I S

2. To feJeft or feparate from others.

You owe little lefs for what you arc nor, than
for what you are, to that dijcrimhaiing mercy, to
which alone you owe your cxempcion from mife-
ric5. Soyle.

Discri'minateness. n.f. [from dijcri-
minate.} Diftin£tnefs j marked differ-
ence. Di^.

DiscRiMiN a'tion. n. /. [from di/cri-
minalio, Latin.]

1. The ftate of being diftinguifhed from
other perfons or things.

There is a reverence to be fiiewed them on the
account of their difcriniination from other places,
and fcparation for facred^fes. StiUingjiect.

2. The aft of diftinguifhing one from an-
other ; diftindion ; difference put.

A ficire ihould cxpofe nothing but what is cor-
rigible \ and make a due difcriminarion between
thofe that are, and thofe who are not, the proper
objefts of it. Addiftn's S^e^atur.

liy that prudent difcriminaticn made between the
offenders of different degrees, he obliges tliofe
whom he has dillinguiihed as objefls of mercy.

Addijon's Frteto/der.

3. The marks of diltinflion.

Take heed of abetting any fa£lions, or applying
any publick difcrimtnaturs in matters of religion.

King Charles.

Letters arife from the firll original dijcr'imwa-
tions of voice, by way of articulation, whereby the
ear is able to judge and obferve the differences of
vocal founds. Holder,

DiscRruiNATivE. adj. [from di/crimi-
nate."]

1. That which makes the mark ofdiilinc-
tion ; charadleriilical.

The only Handing teft, and difcrtminative cha-
ra£leriflick of any metal or mineral, muit be
fought for in the conftituent matter of it. ff^oodw.

2. That which obferves diftinAion.

Difirimiittttive Providence knew before the na-
ture and couife of all things.

Mirers Antidote againft Atheijm.
Discri'minous. adj. [from difcrimen,
Latin.] Dangerous ; hazardous. Not
ufual.

Any kind of fpitting of blood imports a very
dijcriminous fiatc, unlefs it happens upon the gap-
ing of a vein opened by a pletliory.

Her'vey on CbTtJumptions.
Discu'bitoRY. adj. [di/cuhi/orius, Lat.]
Fitted to the pofture of leaning.

After bathing they retired to bed, and refrelhed
themlelvcs with a repafl ; and fo that cuflom, by
d^gr-ees, changed their cubicuUry beds into di/cu-
hitcry, Bro^vns yulgar Errourj.

Discu'MBENcy. ft,/, [di/cttmiens, Lat.]
The afl of leaning at meat, after the
ancient manner.

The Greeks and Romans ufed the cuftom of

difiuml/eitcy at meals, which was upon their left

fide i for fo their right hand was free and leady for

all fervice. Brcicns yulgar Errcun.

To Discu^iBER. "v. a. [dis and cumier.]

To difengage from any troublefome

weight ; to difengage from impediment.

His limbs difcunbtr'd uf the clinging vert,

■ He binds the facred cincture round hi? brcall.

Pcjr'i OdyjTry.

TcDiscu're. "v.a. [(//i-oz/w/r, French.]
To difcover ; to reveal. A word per-
haps peculiar to Spenjer.

1 w.li, if pleafc you it dijcurs, aflay
To exit you iif that ill. Feirf Sjitfr.

DISCU'RSIVE. adj. \difcurjif, Fierich,

from difcurrc, Latin.]
1. Moving here and there j roving; de-

fultory.

D T S

Some noifei help lleep; as the blowing of the
wind, and the trickling of water : tliey move a
gentle attention ; and whatfoever moveth attention,
without too much labour, fliUcth the natural and
dijcurfi've motion of the fpiiits. Bacm,

2. Proceeding by regular gradation from
premil'es to confequenccs ; argumenta-
tive. This is fometimes, perhaps not
improperly, written dij'courfive.'

There is a fanitity of I'oul and body, of more
effieacy for the receiving of divine truths, than the
gieateil pretences to dijcurfit'e dcmonftrarion.

Morels Divine Dialogues,

There hath been much difpute touching the
knowledge of bnitci, whether they ha\e a kiad of
dijcurftve faculty, which fonr.e call reafon.

HaWs Origin of Mankind,

Discu'rsively. ad'v, [trcm dijlurjti'e.]

By due gradation of argument.
Wc have a principle within, whereby we think,

and we know we think ; whereby we do difcur-
fnely, and by way of radocinatlcn, deduce one

thing from another. Hale,

Discu'rsory. adj. [di/curfor, Latin.]

Argumental ; rational. .
DJ'SCUS. n, /. [Latin.] A quoit ; a

heavy piece of iron thrown in the ai>-

cient fports.

From Elatreus' fSrong arm the diftui flies,
And fings with unmatch'd force abng the fkies.

Fifi's Odyffey,
To DISCU'SS. f. a. [di/cKlio, dijcujiim,
Latin.]

1. To examine ; to ventilate ; to clear by
difquifition.

We are to difcufs only thofe general exceptions
which have been taken. Hooker^-./

His ufage was to cammit the dif<njfng of caufec
privately to certain perfons learned in the laws.

AyVifes Barcrgon,

This knotty point fhould you and 1 dijcujs.
Or tell a tale? Pope,

2. To difperfe : commonly applied to'a-
humour or fwelling.

Many arts were ufed to (///"«/» the beginnings of
new afl'cflion. IVoiton,-

3. To break to pieces..

Cunfi Jer the thrcefuld effeft of Jupiter's trifullr, .

to burn, dijcuji, and terebratc. Brotvn's ^utg. Err,
Discu'ssER. n.f, [from di/cu/s.] He that-

difcuffes; an examiner.
Discu'ssiON. «./. [from di/iu/s.]

1. Difquifition ; examination ; ventila--
tion of a queftion.

Truth cannot be found without fomc labour and •
intention of the mind, and the thoughts dwelling
a confiderable time upon thefurvey and dijeujjion of ■
each particular. Htutb,-

Various difcuj/tons tear our heated brain :
Opinions often turn j fliU duubts remnin;
And who indulges thought, increafespiin. Prisi"

2. [In furgery.] Difcujjfion or refolution is
nothing elfe but breathing out the hu-
mours by infenfiblc tranfpiration. i{'ifem, ■

Discu'ssivE. <i<^'. \_UaTa difcufs.] Having"
the power to difcufs or difperfe atry^
noxious matter^

D 1 s c u' r I E N T . «- / [di/cutitns , Latin:] '
A medicine that has power to repel or
drive back the matter of tumours in the'
blood. It fometimes means the fame as-
crrminative. ^imy.

The fvvellings ariling from ihefe require to be
treated, in their beginning, with moderate repel-
lent'' and dijcutients. fViJcman,

To DISD.VIN. 1:. a. [dedaigner, French.]
To fcorn ; to cpnfider as unworthy of
one'i charailer.

D I S

^httt ii notKing fo great, which I wJII f«« to

4oforyoui nor nothing fo fmill, which I will

aijda'm to do for you. SUrry,

Tiiey do llijdain us much bfyond our thought',

Which mikcs mc fwMt with wrath. Shateffrarr.

What fafc and nic«Iy I might \«11 delay
By rule of knighthood, I difJa'tn and fpuin. Shak.

TeU'liim, Cato
D'fJair.: a life which he has power to offer, MJiJ.
Disda'in. ;;./ {/Jegnii, Ital.] Contempt;
fcorn ; contemptuous anger ; indigna-
tion.

ChiUren being haughty, through difdain and
want of nurture, do ftain the nobility of (heir kin-
drtd. Eceltn.

But agalnft you, Je Creeks, ye coward train,
Godil how my foul is mov'd with juft dijdain !

Pifi't Odyffty.

Disda'inful. aJj. [ difdain and /a//. ]
Contemptuous ; haughtily fcornful ; in-
dignant.

There will come a time when three words, ut-
tered with charity and meeknefs, fli^J! receive a far
more blelTcd reward, than three thoufand volumes,
written with difjjinful (harpnefs of wit. Hocktr.

The queen ii«bllinate.
Stubborn to juftice, apt t' accilfe it>
Difdairful to be tried by 't. SbaUfftarc.

Seek through this grove ;
A (weet Athenian jadyJs in love
With a difJainfu! youth : anoint his eyes ;
But do it when the next thing he efpies
Shall be the lady. Shakef^earc.

But thofe I can accufc, I can forgive:

. By my difdainful filence let them live, DryJcH.

The difda'mful foul came rufliing through the

wound. , Drydtn.

Disda'infully. adv. [irom difdainful.']

Contcmptuoufly ; with haughty fcorn ;

with indignation.

Either greet hin? not.
Or elfe difjaiafully, which ihall fliakc him more.

Shakcfftcarc,

It is not to infult and domineer, to look diJJain-

fully, and revile imperioufly, that procures efteem

from any one. South.

Di s D a'i K F u L N E ss. ». /. ' [from dift'ain-

ful.'\ Contempt; contemptuoulnefs ;

haughty fcorn.

Can I former, when they in prifon placing her,
With fwclling heart, in fpitc and due iijdawfutniji.
She lay for dead, till I help'd with unlacing her.

Sidney.
A prouil d'tfdainfulmfi of other men. jifcban:.
riSE.VSE. n.f. [dis and. ea/e.] Diftem-
per ; malady ; ficknefs ; morbid ftate.

What's the dijceft he means ?
— 'Tis call'd the evil. Sbakiffcari's Machtih.
And Ala, in the thirty and ninth year ff his
reign, was difcafcd in his feet, and \\m dijrnje was
exceeding great ; and in his dijtufche foiight not t<>
the Lord, but to the phyficiani. Chrim.

It is idle to propcfe remedies before we arc af-
fured ot the J//i'<i/f,.or to be in pain till we arc con-
vinced of the danger.

Sw'jfi's Prejcilfcr tht Mvamtmcnt cfRtligitn.
Intemperance
In meats and drinks, which in the eartii fliati bring
DiUth dire. Mthan.

Then wafteful forth
Walks the dire pow'r of peftilent iijicjt.

'rh{/ntjijn'*s Summer.

fg Disea'se. -v. a. [from the noun.]
I. To afflict with difeale ; to torment with

pain or ficknefs ; to make morbid ; to

iofea.

We are all djfrafid.
And with our forfeiting and wanton hours
Hive brought ourfelves intoaburning fever. Shai.

Flatt'rers yet wear filk, drink wine, lie foft.
Hog their d'feat\l (>etfumcs, and have forgot
XWst «ver Timou was. ^bakijftari.

D I S

Let h« alane, Udy •• a« &• »' »»«"> "" *'" >"''
dijetfi our better mirth. Sbatj'fiai::

He W4> dilUftd in his feet. l" Kiagt.

A !a«ar.houle it feera'd, wherein were laid
Numbers of all difeas'J, all maladies
Of ghaflly fpifin, or racking torture. Milin.

2. To put to pain ; to pain; to make un-

eafy.

Though gteat light be iufufferaWe to our ejcs,
yet the highett degree of 'darknefs does not at all
diftafi them. ^ I-'"*'-

Disease UNEss. ». /. [from difeafed.^
Sicknefs ; morbidnefs ; the ftate of being
difeafed.

This is a reftoration to fome former ftate ; not
that ftate ofindigeftcyind </[/■«;«</»>?/». _

Bunui'i l%tory.

D i s e'd G F D . adj. [dis and edge.] Blunted ;
obtuuded ; dulled.

I grieve myfelf
To think, when thou (halt be difcdg'd by her
Whom now thou tir'ft on, how thy memory
Will then be pang'd by mc. Shakiff. CymMwt.
To Disemba'rk. o. «. [du and e/ntari.]
To carry to land.

I mull unto the road, to dij-mbark
' Some.necefVaries. ShahJi,.Tvi,Gcn:.<,fI''mM.'

^0 Disemba'rk:. 'v. n. To land; logo
on land.

There dijtmbark'mg on the green f:a-fide.
We land our cattle, and the fpoil divide. Poft'i Od.
7» Disembi'tter. f . «. [(/i> and embit-
ter.] To fweeten ; to free from bitter-
nefs ; to clear from acrimony : an un-
ufual word.

Encourage fuch innocent amnfcments as may
difmtiittr the minds of men, and make them mu-
tually rejoice in the fame agreeable latisfiSions.
Mdijm's I'riihddcr.

Disembo'died. adj. [dii and embodied.]

Diveftedof the body.
T*!? D I s e M B o'g V e . v. a. \_difeinhoucher, old

Prench. Skinner.] To pour out at the

mouth of a river j to vent.

Rivers
In ample oceans dlfemhgud, or lort. Dryd. Ovid.

Rolling down, the deep Timavus raves.
And throug!/ nine channels difcmbogaet his waves.

jiddijin.

ToDisembo'gue.t'. n. Togaina vent;

to flow.

By eminences placed up and down the globe, the
rivers make innumerable turnings and windings,
and at laft difimbogue in feveral mouths into the
fca. . Ctowr.

Disembo'wem.ed. participial adj. [dis
and embov.'el.] Taken from out the bow-
els.

So her difcmhtnocird v.eb
Arachne in a hall or kitchen fpreads.
Obvious to vagrant flies, Pti/ifs.

ro DisEMDRo'iL. -v. a. [debeuiHer, Fr.]
To difentangle ; to free from perplex-
ity ; to reduce from confufjon.
Then earth from air, and leas from earth were
driv*n.
And groflcr air funk from etherial hcav'n ;
Thus difembroU'd, they take their proper place.

Dryd<n.
The fyftero of his politicks is difanbnilid, and
cleared of all thofe incoherences and independent
matters that are woven into this motley pieci'.

Aikiijim'l Whig Examnir.

To Disena'bi.e. v. a. {dis and enable.]
To deprive of power ; to difable ; to
fink into weaknefs ; to weaken.

Now age has overtakes me; and wjnt, a more
infufferable evil, through the change af ihr times,
has wholly dijinttiid mc. , ^rydtu

T> 1 s-

7* D I s E N c H a'k T . t;, fl. {</;'/ and tHcheni.'] '
I'o free from the force oran enchant-
mcM ; to deliver from the power cf
charms or fpells.

Alas ! let your own \<TiL'iadiftncbam you. Sidmf.
Mule, ftoop iiiy dyiuiaiuU wing to truth.

Hafle to thrwork ; t nohle ftroke or two
Ends all the charms, and difimteuls the gtove.

PrydtUt

To Disencu'mber. v. a. [dis and en-
camber. ]

1. To difcharge from encumbrances; to
free from clogs and. impediments ; to
di (burthen ; to exonerate.

I It will need the aftual intention, the particular
1 ftrefs and application of the whole foul, to difin-
T cunslier and fet it free, Co fcour oflFits mil, and r«-
' move thofe hindrances which would otherwife clog
I and check the freedom of its operations. Sfratr,

The diftncumher'd foul
' Flew off, and left behind the clouds and ftarry pole.

Drydfit,

Dreams look like the amufements of the foul,

when the is difencumhcr^d of her mac^^ine j- her

fports and recreations, when fhe has laid her charge

afle'ep. • Stcflatir,

2. To free from obftruftion of any kind.

1 Dim night had difcntumhcrd heav'n. Mskcrim
I The church of Scjuflina,uefigned by Palladio,
la the moft handlbme, luminous, dijencuptbercd
building in the inlide, that I have ever fcen.

Addifm on Italy.

Disencu'mbrance. It. f. [from the
verb.] Freedom from encumbrance and

' obitruflion.

There are many who make a figure below what
their fortune or merit entitles them to, out of
mere choice, and an elegant defire of cafe and d'^-
encumbranct. SpcBatar,

9"« D I s e N G a'g e . 'V. a. [dis and eugage.]

1 . To feparate from any thing with which
it is in union.

Some others, being very light, would float up
and down a good while, before they could wholly
difengiigf themfelves and defcend. BurnetU ^Ibtiry,

2. To difentangle ; to clear from impe-
diments or difEculties.

From civil broils he did us difengage ;
Found nobler objefts for our martial rage. JValUr*

In the next paragraph, 1 found my auttior pretty
well dijtngjged from quotations. j4tterbt/ry»

3. To withdraw, applied to the affection ;
to wean ; to abftraft the mind.

it is rcquilite that we Ihould.icquaint our(?lvcs
with God, tljat we {hould frequently dtfingag* our
hearts from cartljy purfuits. Att-:rbury.

Theconfideration that (hn\\\i d'tfoigagtOMx fond-
nefs iTOm worldly things, is, that they ate uncer-
tain in their fuundatinn j lading, tracfient, and
corruptible in their nature. Rtgen*

4. To free from any powerful detention.

When our mind's eyes are d'yengagd and froCf .
I They clearer, farther, and diftinQly Se. Dtnham,

5. To rcleafe from an obligation.

7fl Disenga'ce. v. n. To fet one's felf
free from; to withdraw one's alFeflioQs
from.

Providence gives us notice, by fenfible decles-
fions, that we may diftngage from the world by de-
grees. Cojlifr OB Thought.

Disenca'cbd. participial adj. [from dif-
engage.]

1. Disjoined; difentangled.

2. Vacant ; at leifure ; not fixed down to
any particular objeft of attention.

3. 'Releafed from obligation.
Disenca'cedness.b./. [from difingage.]

Th^ (juality of being difengaged ; va-
J- ' cuity

D I S

Culty of attention ; freedom from any
pieffing bufinefs ; disjunftion.

Disenga'gement. n.f. [fromt/i/enga^e.]

I. Releafe from any engagement, or obli-
gation.

2. Freedom of attention ; vacancy.

9"o DisENTA'rfGLE. "Ji a. [^dis and en-
tangle. ]

I. To unfold or loofe the parts of any
tiling interwoven with one another.
.. Though ia cn;icKtion»partic!es lb entangle one
•nother, that they cannot in a Aort time clear
themfelvet, yet they do incc(l'int!y rtrUe to tUfic-
ta^^le themfch cp, and get away. BmU.

8.. To fee free from impediments ; to dif-
embroil ; to cleA- from perplexity Or
difficulty.

Till they could find feme expedient to explicate
«nd dijerUrgU themfelaes ouOof this lahyrinth,
they made no advance towards fupplying their ar-
nu"- . Clarendon.

The welfare of their fouls requires a better ju Jg-
ment than their ov/n, either to guide them in their
duty, or to dijitiiatglc them from a temptation.
m J'/- South.

3., To difengage ; to feparate.

Neither can God himfelf be otherwife under,
flood by us than as a mind free and d'ljenlangled
trom all corporeal mixtures. SiilUnrfieir.

To Disente'rre. 'u. a. [dis and enter-rer,
French.] To unbury ; totakeoutof the
grave.

Though the blindnefs of fnme fanaticks have
favaged on the bodies of the dead, and have been
lb injurious unto worms as. to difmterre the bodies
of the deceafed, yet had they therein no defign
upon the foul. Brmrnt y^alg.lr Erroun.

yi DiSE NT H R a'l. f. a. \_dis and enthral.]
To fet free ; to rettore to liberty ; to
refcue from flavery.

But God my foul fliall di/ntbrtli
For I upon his name will call. Sandyt.

If religion were falfe, bad men would fet the
utmoft force of their reafon on work to difcbver

D I S

that falfity, and thereby dijenthral themlelves
_. , Snutt.

To DiSENTHRo NE. 17. a. [dit and e/i-
throne.] To depofe from ibvereignty ;
to dethrone. ,

Either to difitilbrimt the king of hea>. "a
We war, if war be beft j or to regain
Our own right loft. MUm.

To Disentra'nce. -v. a. [dis and en-
trance.] To awaken from a trance, or
deep fleep.

Ralpho, by thi« time dilnlratic'd.
Upon his bum himfelf advanc'd. Hudibra:.
9« DiSESPo'usE. -v. a. [dis ind e/pou/e.']
To feparate after faith plighted.

Such was the rage
Of Turnus, for Lavinia difrftcai'd. Miltcn.
Diseste'em. n./ [dis -and ejleem.] Slight
regard ; a difregard more moderate than
contempt.

When any one, by mifc.irriage, falls into d:f.
tjitm, he will fall under negleS and contempt,

tr T\ r Loch.

Y« JJisESTE EM. V. a. [from thffnoun.]
To regard flightly ; to confider with a
flight degree of contempt.

Should Mars fee 't.
That horrid hurricr of men, or (he that betters him,
Mmerva, never fo incens'd, they could not dif-

But if thi. facr«d gift you difeftcem.

Then cruel plagues IhaU fall on Priam'i date.

T I J , , Dcnham.

JTa r "' *" ""'"«'" ^ '"/'■fi"" or diffuade
the ftudy of nature. ^. ^,

Vol. I,

Disestima'tion. »./. [dis and</?/w«.
//o, Lat.] Difrefpeft ; difefteem. Diii.
Disfa'vour. n.f. [dis and fa'vour.]

1. Difcountenance; unpropitious regard;
unfavourable afpeft ;. unfavourable cir-
cumftance.

2. A ftate of ungracioufnefs or unaccepta-
blenefs; a Hate in which one is not fa-
voured.

While free from facrilege, he was at peace, as it
were, with God and man ; but after his facriiege
he was in dnfamur with both. Sf dinar.

3. Want of beauty. d;^

■^"JP'fJ'^'^'""'^- ""• "■ [from the noun.]
Todifcountenance ; to withhold or with-
draw kindnefs. .

Might not thofeof higher rank, and nearer ac-

ccfs to her majelh-, receive her own commands,

and be countenanced or dufa-vsuud accordine as

^'^'^7 obey f s-ilf,.

UiSFA VOURER, n.f. [from disfavour.]

Difcountenancer ; not a favourer.

It was verily thought, that had it not been for
four great disfa-veureri of that voyage, the enter-
pnae had fucceeded. £a„„.

Djsfigura'tion. n.f. [from disfigure. 1
I. The aft of disfiguring, ■■

z. The flate of being disfigured.
%. Deformity.

To DisFr'cuRE. "J. a. [dis Z-X^d figure.]
To change any thing to a worfe form ;
to deform ; to mangle.

You are but as a form in wax
By him imprinted, and within his power
To leave the figure, or dUJigure it. Sbahfpearc.

In this the antique and well-noted face
Ot plain old form is much disfigured. Shaheff.

Abjeift is their punirtiment,
Disfigurhg not God's likcnefs, but their own.
Or, It his likenefs, by themfelves defac'd. Milton.

Uriel, on the AflVrian mount.
Saw him dUfigur'd, more' than could befal
Spirit of happy fort. ;|^/,,„.

A noTe flatter, or a mouth wider, could have
confiftcd, as well as the reft of his figure, with
fuch a foul and fuch parts as made him, dhkgured
as he was, capable to be a dignitary ia the church.

»- ■.<-.. . Locke.

Nor would his naughter'd army now have lain
On Africfs fands, dUfigur'd with their wounds,
1 0 gorge the wolves and vultures of Numidia.

J,. , , , /iddifcn's Calo .

His long abfence, and travels which had disfi.
gurcd him, made him altogether unknown.

, Broome on Epic Poetry.

DiSFi GUREMENT. K.f. [from disfigure.]
Defacement of beauty ; change of a
better form to a worfe.**

The dhfiguremtnt that travel or ficknefs has be-
llowed upon him, is not thought great by the ladv
of^^'l^'- Suckling

And they, fo perfeift is their mifcry.
Not once perceive their foul disfigurement.

Milton's Comus.

Te Dispo REST, t'.fl. [diszndforcjl.] To
reduce land from the privileges of a fo-
reft to the ftate of common land.

To Djsfra'nchise. -v. a. [dis mxdfran-
chi/e.'^^ To deprive of privileges or im-
munities,

Disfra'nchisement. n.f. [from dif-
francbife.] The aft of depriving of pri-
vileges. /j;^_

yuDisFu'RNisH, v.a [dis a.nd ftirnijh.]
To deprive ; to unfumifti ; to ftrip.

My riches are thefe poor habiliirtcnts,
OPwhich, if you fliould herc</;i/»r»i/i?i me.
You take the fum and fubftancc that I have. Shak.

D I S

^ He t'urft not diifiurai/h that country either of Ot
great a commander, or of the wonted garrUbns,

Knollcs'lUifiorf.

To Disga'rnish.i;. a. [dis &ndgarnifo.\
I, To ftnp of ornaments. /)y^.

z. To take guns from a fortrefs. \

r»Dlsci.o'RlFY. -v. a. [dis v,t,d glorify.-\
To deprive of glory; to treat with in-
dignity.

So Dagon ftall be magnified, and God,
Befides whomisno god, compar'd with idols,
Difgtonfied, blafphcm-d, and had in fcorn. Mihon.'
To Drsco-RGE. -u. a. [degorger. Fr. from

^w.j-/', the throat.]
I. To difcharge by the mouth; to fpew "
out ; to vomit,

,_ So, fo, thou common dog, didft thou difiorge
I hy glutton bofom of the royal Richard >
And now thou wouldfteat thy dead vomit up.

r 1 ,•„ - Shakefaeare.

™ /';''.'" .""^ ^'^^"^ "x'" they loudly laught.
To fee his heaving bread difgorgc the brinydraught.

.. 'r~ • , . . Dryden,

2. 1 o pour out with violence.

All th' embofled fores and headed cvilj
That thou with licence of free foot haft cau,ht,
Wouldft thou difgorge into the general world ?

The deep drawing barks do there difgorie
Their warlike fraughtagc. 'Shahfpcare.

nr I- . . '^'"i' ""^^ ^'""g *e banks
t)f tour infernal rivers, that difgorge
Into the burning lake their baleful ftreams. Milton.
Countries much annoyed with earthquakes, have
volcanoes ; and thefe are conftantly all in flames,
whenever any earthquake happens; th^y difgorginc
that hre which was the caufe of the difaftcr.

D, , Derbam,

ISGRACE. n.f. [difgrace.Vr.]
1. State of being out of favour.

z. State of ignominy ; dilhonour; ftate of
ihame.

Like a dull aiflor, now
I have forgot my part, and I am out
Even to a tuJI difgrace. Shakefpeare.

foetry, however cenfured, Is not fallen from
the higheft ftage of honour to the loweft rtair of
^IT'r ,- 1 r Pc^cham.

3. Adt of unkindnefs. Obfolete.

To fuch bondage he was for fo many courfes tied
by her, whole Jifgraces to him were graced by lier
• excellence. gj

4. Caufe of fhame.

And is it not a foul difgrace.
To lofe the boltfprit of thy face » Baynari.

And he whofe affluence difduin'd a place,
Brib'd by a title, makes it a dfgraci. Brown.

To Disgra'ce. -v. a. [from the noun.]

1. To bring a reproach upon ; to dilho-
nour, as an agent.

We may not lo in any one fpecial kind admira
her, that we difgrace her in any other; but let all
her ways be according unto their place and degree

,. , ^ . Hooker.

Men 5 paflions will carry them far in mifrepre.
fentmg an opinion which they have a mind to di(-
^'''■"- Burru.

2. To bring to fhame, as a caufe : as, his
ignorance difgraced him.

3. To put out of favour : as, the mlnifier
ivas difgraced,

Disgra'ceful. adj. [difgrace And full. J
Shameful ; ignominious ; leproachful ;
procuring ftiarae,

Maficrs muftcorrcft their fervants with gentle-
nefs, prudence, and mercyj not with upbraiding
and difgracrful language, but with fuch only as
may exprefj and reprove the fault, and amend the
perfon. ' Tayhr't Rule of Living Holy.

3 Z T,

D I S

D I S

D I S

To Rtite behind their chariots, wu as little i/i/-
fractfilxhco, as it is now to alight tVum one's horlc
in a battle. Pofe.

DiscRA'cEFutLY. a</f. [frota Ji/graci-
/ul.] In difgrace J with indignity ; ig-
nominioufly.

The icnate have cart you forth

DifgratifuUy, to be the common talc

Of the whole city. Brn yoHfiti's Catalhe.

Discra'cepulness. (T.y; [from difgrace-

ful.'] Ignominy.
Discra'cer. »./, [from di/grace.'\ One

that expofcs to (hame ; one that caufes

ignominy.

I have given good advice to thofe infamous djf-
graetrs of the fen and calling. Swi/'r.

D I s o R a'c tovs. adj. [dis and graciaus. ]
Unpleafing.

I (Jo fufpcdt I have done fome oftcnce,
That feems dlfgrackus in the city's eye. ShAcff.

7*0 D 1 5 G u I's E. V. a. [dcgui/tr, Fr. dh and

gu{li.']
I. To conceal by an unufual drefs.

How niifjht we di/^uift hinj ?
Alas ! 1 know not : tliete is no wotnan't
gown big enough for liim.

Sbahffiarii Aitny ff^nti of Wttiijar.
D;/gaij'</ he came ; but thod- his chiidren dear
Their parent fogn dil'ccrn'd thtuutjh his difguife.

z. To hide by a counterfeit appearance ;
to cloak by a falle Ihew : as, he d:J'gmfed
his anger.

3. To disfigure; to change the form.

They faw the tacts, which too well they knew,
Though then d'ljgu'ti" d in death, and fmear'd all

o'er
With filth obfcene, and dropping putrid gore.

Drydm'i /Etllid,

More duteous at her call,

Than at Circean call the herd dUgith'd. Milttm.

Ulyfles wjkes, not knowing the place where lie

was ; becaule Minerva made all things appear in a

d^jguijed view. jPe^«.

4. To deform by liquor : a low term.

I have juft left the right worftiipful, and his
myrmidons, about a fneaker of five gallons : the
whole magiftracy was pretty well dijguiftd before I
gave them the flip. SfeclaUr.

DiSGui'sE. ft./, [from the verb.]

1 . A drefs contrived to conceal the perfon
' that wears it.

They generally aft in a difguj/t themfclvcs, and
therefore miftake all outward ftjw and appearances
for hypocrify in others. yiddifon.

Sinse I in Arcitc cannot Arcire find.
The world m:y fcarch in vain with all their eyes.
But never penetrate through this difguife.

Drydeit^s FohUi.

2. A falfe appearance ; counterfeit (hoiv.

Hence guilty joys, diftaftes, furmifes,
Falfe oaths, falfe tears, deceits, difguifa, P>fi.

3. Diforder by drink.

Vou fee we 've burnt our cheeks i and mine own

tongue

Splits what i! fpeaks ! the wild dijgalft hath almoft

Antickt us. Sbahfp. Ai.tmy and CUcfatra.

PiSQUi'sEMENT. tt./. [^ ftom di/gutfe. "]

Drefs of conccalrat-nt.

Under that difguiftment ] ihould find opportunity
to reveal myfclf to the owner of my heart. Sidney.

The marijiis thought boft to difmaflc his beard,
and told him, that he was going covertly to take
a fecrel view of the forwardnefi of his majelty's
Oeet : this did famewhat handfamely hc«l the dij-
gi/iftmtnt. IVfiiia.

Djsgui'ser. »./. [from dijgui/e.l
I. One that puts on a difguiji.

I hope he is grown more difengagid from bit in-
tcatnefi on his own affairs, which is quite the rc-

verfe to you, unleft 70a are a very dextero ui i)}-

gu'fcr. SvMt.

2. One that conceals another by a difguiie ;
one that disfigures.

Death '» a great difguijir. Shuliffeari.

DISGU'ST. n.f. [degottt, French.]

1 . Averfion of the palate from any thing.

2. Ill humour; malevolence ; offence con-
ceived.

The manner of doing is of more eonfeqacucc
than the thing done, and upon that depends the
fatisfadtion or difguji wheiewith it is received.

Ltcit.

Thence iuk dyguji and hatred, winding wiles.
Coward deceit, and ruffian viflence. Thomfiji.

7e Di sou's T. V. a. [degouter, Fr. deguflo,
Latin.]

1 . To raife avtrfion in the ftomach ; to
diftafte.

2. To llrike with difllke ; to offend. It is
varioufly conftrufted with at or 'wUh,

If a man were dlfgujitd at marriage, he would
never recommend it to his friend. Aticrtury.

Thofc unenlarged fouls are dijgujltd tv'itb the
wonders which the microfcope hasdifcovered.

3. To produce averfion : w'whfrom.

What di/gufit mcfrom having to do with anfwer-
jobbers, is, that they have no confcience. Swift.
DiSGu'sTFUL. adj. [ dijgafi and/a//.]
Naufeous ; that which cauies averfion.

I have finiihed the moii d if gujl ful talk that ever
I undeitook. Swift,

DISH. n.f. [bij-c. Sax. dy/c, Erfe ; di/truj,
Latin.]

1. A broad wide vefFel, in which food is
ferved up at the table.

Of thciV he murders one ; he boils the flclh,
And lays the mangled morfels in a dijb. Drydin.

I faw among tlic ruins an old heathen altar,
with this particularity in it, that it is hollowed
like a di/h at one end ; but it was not this end, on
which tlie facrifice was laid. Addifon.

2. A deep hollow vefTel for liquid food.

Who would rob a hermit of his weeds.
His few books, or his beads, or maple-</i/^;
Or do his grey hairs any violence ? ATdton.

A ladle for our filver dijh

Is what 1 want, is what 1 wifli. Prior.

3. The meat ferved in a difh ; any parti-
cular kind of food.

I have here a difli of doves, that I would bellow
upon your wurfhip. Shakeff. Mirch. t,fVetnct.

Let 's kill him baldly, but not wrath fully;
Let's carve him as ^difh fit for the gods,
Not hew him as a carcafs fi: for hound$.

ShdUjfearti yuliui Ctefar.

The contract you pretend with that bafe wretch.
One bred of alms and fofter'd with cold dijhes,
With fcraps o' th' court ; it is no contra^, none.

Stakffptare.

'T!s not the meat, but 'tia the appetite,
Makes eating a delight;
And if 1 like one dl/h
More than another, that a pheafant is. SmUing.

The earth would have been deprived of a moil
excellent, and wholefomc fare, and very many de-
licious di/bes that we have the ufe and benelit o(.

jy^odxoard'

Many people would, with rcafon, prefer the
griping of an hungry belly, to thofe dijha which
are a feall to others. Loikt.

4. A kind of meafure among_the tinners.

They meafure block-tin by the d'fh, which con-
taineth » gallon. Cernu.

To Dish. -v. a. [from the noun.] To ferve
in a difh ; .to fend up to table.

For coiifpiracy,
I know not how it taiies, though it be difi'd
For me to try, Shakfffmre'i If'iKKr'i lalt.

DiSH-c LOUT. If. /[<///* and r/oa/.] The
cloth with which the maids rub their
difhes.

A d'Jh-chut of Jaquenetta's he wears next hij
heart for a favour. S'taktfp. l.oveU Lahcur Loft.

Send them up to their mafters with a dijh-chut
pinned at their tails. Swift DireCli-jtit totbiCook.

Dish-washer, n.f. \_dijh ViAiMajhtr,\

The name of a bird : mergus.
DISHABI'LLE.fl^. [dtfhabilli, Fr.] Un-

drefled ; loofely or negligently dreffed.

Queens are not to be too negligently dreffed or
iifhaailU. Dry den' i Dufrefney,

Dishabi'llb. n.f. Undrefs; loofe drefs.

A woman, who would preferve a lover's refpejl
to her perfon, will be careful of her appearance be-
fore him when in d't^ahiUt. Clariffa.

Ti Disha'bjt. t;. fl. [This word I have
found only in Shakefp€are.'\ To throw
out of place ; to drive from their ha-
bitation.

9ut for our approach thofe deeping ftonei«
By the compulfiun of their ordinance.
By this time from their fixed beds of lime
Had been difhatited, and wide havock made.

Sbaieffeare's fCittg hear.

Disha'rmonv. n.f. [<//'< and harmtiny.\

Contrariety to harmony,
fa D I s H E a'r T E N . 1; a. \_di$ and hearten.'X

To difcourage ; to dejeft ; to terrify j

to deprefs.

To dijhiorten with fearful fentencas, as though
falvation could hardly be hoped for, is not fo con-
fonant ^^ich Chriftian charity. Hooker.

Be not dijhtarten'd then, nor cloud thofe looks
That wont tobemore chcarfuland ftrene, Milttn.

Yet neither thus dijhearien'd nor difmay'd.
The time prep.ir'd I waited. Militm.

It is a confideration that might difhearien thofe
who are engaged againft the common adverfaries,
that they promife tbemfelves as much from the
folly of enemies, as from the power of their friends.

Sliltir.gf.tet,
Men cannot fay, that thegreatnefs of an evil and
danger-is un encouragement to men to run upon
it; and that the grcatnefs of any good and h.rppi.
nefs ought in rcafon to dijhcartm men from the
pucfuitofit. Tillotfoti.

A true chriftian fervour is more than the alli-
ances of our potent friends, or even the fears of our
difjeartrted enemies. A:terhufy.

Dishe'rison. n.f. {dis ;ini. herifon.] The

aft of debarring from inheritance.
To Dishe'rit. v. a. [dis and inherit.']
To cut oflTrom hereditary fucceflion j to
debar from an inheritance. '

He tries to reftore to their 1 ightful heritage fuch
good old Englifli words as have been long time out
of ufe, almolt diperited. Spetifer.

Nor haw the Dryads and rfie woodland train,
Di/heiited, ran howling o'er the plain. Dryd. Fah.
ToDiiH e'vel. I", a. [decbeveler, French.]
To fpread the hair diforderly ; to threw
the hair of a womsn negligently about
her head. It is not often ufed but in
the paffive participle.

A gentle lad, , all alone
With garments rent and hair dfbcvelled.
Wringing her hands, and making piteous moan.

Sfrnftr.
After followrd great numbers of women weep-
ing with dijhevelled hair, fcratching their faces,
and tearing themfelves, after the manner of the
country. _ KnolUs.

A troop of Trojaos mix*d with thefe appear,
And mourning matrons with difb'nelVd hair.

Dryden's jSvti/^
The flames, involv'd in fmoke
Of incenfe, from the facted altar broke,
Cau|)bt her dijlitvtll'd hair and rich attire.

Prydn'i iSneid.
Vou

D I S

D I S

D i S

You this morn beheld his iri:nt eye).
Saw his arm lock'd in her dj/hmell'ii hair. Smith.

Vi'sitih-G. aJj. [from dffi.] Concave: a
cant term among artificers.

For the form of t' - wheels, fome make them
more dijhi^ig, as they call it, than others ; that is,
more concave, by fccting offtiie fpoket and tellies
more outwards. Mortimtr.

Disho'nest. «<^'. [iih znd bonfji.]

1 . Void of probity ; void of faiih ; faith-
lefs ; wicked ; fraudulent.

Jurtice then was neither blind to difcern, nor
lame to execute. It was not fubjeft to be im-
pofed upon by a deluded fancy, nor yet to be bribed
by a gloiing appetite, for an utile or jucundum to
turn Jhe balance to a falfe or dijhmtji fentence.

Scuit.

Hu lays it down as a principle, that right and
wrong, honed and diponj}, are denned only by
laws, and not by nature. L'^cke,

2. Unchaile ; lewd.

Tij-morrow will we be married.— I do defire it
with a'l my heart ; and 1 hope it is no liipwifi de-
fire, todifire to be a woman of the wurld.

Slaktfpeare's yk yau like it.

3. Difgraced ; dilhonoured.

Difrancfi with lopp'd arms the youth appears,
Spoil'd of bii nofe, iiod dtorten'd of his ears.

Drydefu

4. Difgraceful ; ignominious. Thefe two
fenfes are fcarcely Englifh, being bor-
rowed from the Latin idiom.

She faw her fons with purple death expire.
Her facred domes involv'd in rolling fire;
A dreadful feries of intcftine wars,
Ing-'orious triumphs, 3X\i dijkcneji fears. Pope.

Disho'nestly. aJv. [from dijkonc/l.']

1. Without faith; without probity; faith-
lefsly ; wickedly.

I proteft h« had the chain of me,
Tho' m^ft iWJhwijilj he doth deny it. Shaiejpean.

2. Lewdly ; wantonly ; unchallely.

A wife daughter (hall bring an inheritance to
her hufljand ; but Ihe that Uv«th dijhamfilj is her
father 's beavinefi. £cr. xxii. 4.

Disho'nESTy. n.f. [from d;jhiinejt.'\
I . Want of probity ; faithlefsnel's ; vio-
lation of trull.

Their fortune dqiendt upon their credit, tnd a
fiain of open public difxmifij muft be to their dif-
ativant.igc. Stvift.

Z, Unchaftity ; incontinence ; lewdnefs.

Mrs. Ford, the honeft worn *n, the modeli wife,
the virtuous creature, thit hath the jc-alous f kjI to
tier hulband ! I futpeA without caufe, millrcfs, do
I ?— Heaven be my witnefj you do, if you fufpril
me in any diptnifiy, Shairj'pearc.

Disho'nour. n.y. [Jij and beitour.]

1. Reproach; difgrace ; ignominy.

Let not myjealoufies be yo»T diJ/Kmun,
But mine own fafeties. SbaJtefptare't Muchetb.

He wa« pleafed to own Lazarus even in the dij-

bimcari of the grave, and vouchfafcd him, in that

defpicable condition, the glorious trti': of hi^ frivrnd.

By lit Sera/biri Lavt.

Take him for yotir hufband and your lord ;
'Tis no dijKnncur to coilfcr your grace
On oncdcfcended from a royal race. D'yd. Fai.'et.

2. Reproach uttered ; cenfure ; report of
infamy.

So good, that DO tongne could ever
Pronounce JiJhut'Mr of her; by my life
She never knew harm d.jing. ULakcJp. Henry VIII
To Disho'mour. v. a. [(/it and ffoiicur.]
I . To difgrace ; to bring fhame upon ; to
blaft with infamy.

It is no vicious blot, murther, or foulnrfs^
No uiichafte aAion, or dijltncmr'd Hep,
That hath dcpriT'd me of your grace and favour.

ibaktjjitre.

This no more dljhimurs you at all*
Than to take in a town with gentle wordfi|
Which elfe would put you to your fortune.

S hnk<:Jpuire^ I CcrioUnus.
A woman that honoureth her hufband, fiiall be
judged wife of all : but (he that dip-imureth him
in her pride, (hall be counted ungodly of all.

Eccl. xxvi. 16.

We are not io much to ftrain ourfelves to make

thofe virtues appear in us which realty we have

not, as to avoid thole imperfections which may

di/hor.r.m lis, Drydin't Dvfrefncy.

2. To violate chaftity.

3. To treat with indignity.

One glimpfe of glory to my ilTue give,
Grac'd for the little time he has to live !
pyhoticiird by the king of men he (lands;
His rightful prize is raviOi'd from his hands.

Drydtn^s Iliad.
Disho'novrable. adj. [from^ij^omiir.]

1 . Shameful ; reproachful ; ignominious.

He did difhonouraiU iind
Thofe articles which did our ftate decreafe. Dan.

2. Being in a ftate of negledl or difefteem.

He that is honoured in poverty, how much more
in riches ? and he that is dijbonourahlt in riches,
how much more in poverfy ? Eclus. x. 31.

Disho'nourer. n.f. [from t/ijbcnour.]

1 . One that treats another with indignity.

Preaching how meritorious with the gods
It would be, to enfnare an irreligious
Di/h':Ttsurfr of Vi^on. Aii/tOH.

2. A violator of chaftity.
ToDisho'rn. t;. a. [<//V and W/i.] To

ftrip of horns.

Wt'il dijhorn the fpirit.
And mock him home to Windfor. Shaktffare.
Dishu'mour. n./. [dii and humour^
Pecviftinefs ; ill humour ; uneafy ftate
of mind.

Speaking impatiently to fervants, or any thin(:
that betrays inattention or dijbunnur, arc alfo cri-
minal. Speaamr.

DisiMPRo'vEMENT. n.f. [dis and im-
frovemen/.] Reduction from a better to
a worfe ftate ; the contrary to meliora-
tion ; the contrary to improvement.

The final ilfue of the matter would be, an uttci
negleO and dijimfrovtmrnt of the earth. Norrii.

I cannot fee how this kingdom is at any height
of improvement, while four parts in five of the
plantations, for thirty years pall, have been real
dijimprvt'rmi'nlt. Sioift.

ToDisinca'rcerate. -v. a. [dij&ndin-
car cerate. ] To fet at liberty ; to free
from prifon.

The arfenical bodies being now coagulated, and
kindled into flaming atoms, require dry and warm
air, to open the earth for to diftncai cerate the fame
vcnenc bodies. Harvey.

D 1 s I N c L I N a't \ou. n.f. [from dijincline. ]
V/ant of afteftion ; flight ; diftike ; ill
will not heightened to averfion.

Uifippointm^nt gave him a dijiteliraiian to "he
fairfex, for whom he does notexprcfs all rhe refpeQ
poffible. jiriuihr.ot and Fopr.

7a Disincm'ne. -v. a. [dis and incline.]
To produce diflike to ; to make difaf-
fefted ; to alienate aft'eftion from.

They were careful to keep up the fars and ap.
prehcniions in the people of dangiirs and defigns,
and to difmcliiie them from any reverence or afj'cc-
tion to the queen, whom tlicy begun every Jay
more implacably to hate, and confequently to dif-
oblige. Clarendon.

DisiNGENu'iTY. n f. [from difengenu-

««/.] Meannefs of artifice ; unfairnefs.

They conlraft a habit of ill-nature and difinge-

nuiiy ncccnary to their affairs, and the tcnipci ut

thofe upon whsm they arc to vwrk. Cljrcndsn.

Dtsi ti a e'uvovs, adj. [dis^nd ingtmroat.']
Unfair ; meanly artful ; vitioufly fub-
tle ; fiy ; cnnning ; illiberal ; unbecom-
ing a genllemln ; crafty.

'Tis djijigenuous to accufe our age
Of idlenefs, who all our pow'rs engage
In the fame Itudics, the fame courfe to hold,
Nor think our reafon for new arts too old. Dsiih.
It-.vas a difingcnuoui way of proceeding, to oppofr.
a judgment of charity concerning their church, to
a judgment of reafon concerning ths nature of ac-.
tlons. Stillingfeil,

' There cannot be any thing fo diJlvgenuOKS and
mifbecoHiing any rational creature, us not to yield
to plain reafon, and the conviflion of cleat argu-
ments. ■ Locke.

Disinge'nuously. fl;/i;. [from dijinge-
nuous.] In a difingenuous manner.

Disi nce'nuousness. n.J'. [from di^n-
gettuous.'] Mean fubtilty ; unfairnefs;
Tow craft.

I might prefs them with the unrcafonahlenefs,

the dijir.genuovjnfji uf embracing a piofcl'ion to

which their own heart\have an inward reluilancc.

Givctnment of the Tongue.

Disinhe'rison. n.f. [dis and iniierit.]

1. The aft of cutting off from any here-
ditary fucceffion ; the aft of difmherit-
ing.

If he flood upon his own title of the houft of
Lancadcr, inherent in his perlbn, he knew it was
a title condemned by parliament, and generally
prejudged in the common opinion of the realm,
chat it fended dircOly to the difinhtrijon of the line
of York. _ Hacons Henry VII,

The chief minifter of the revenue was obliged to
prevent, and even oppof*, fuch difnhtrijon. Cfarert,

2, The ftate of being cut ofl-'from an he-
reditary right.

In refpetl of the eft'edls and evil confequences,
the adultery of the woman is Worfe, as biinging
baftardy into a family, and difinhcrijom or great in*
juries to the lawful children. Taylor.

To Disinhe'rit. -v. a. [dis and inherit.']
To cut off from an hereditary right ; to
deprive ofan inheritance.

Is it then juft with us to dijinberit
The unborn nephews for the father's fault ? Davits.

Unmufflc, ye faint ftars ; and thou, fair moon,
Scoop thy pale vifage through an amber cloud.
And diJJ>inberit chaos that reigns here
In double night of darkncfs, and of llander. Milt*

Poflerity Hands curs'd ! fair patrimony,
That I muft leave ye, fons I 6 were 1 able
To wjfle it all myfclf, and leave ye none ;
So difti:bcritedf how would ye bleis
Me, now your turfe ! Milton.

Of how fair a portion Adam dijinhtrited hi«

whole poflerity by one fingle prevarication ! .South.

To Disinte'r. v, a. [from dis and infer.]

To unbury ; to take as out of the grave,

Th.; philofopher, the faint, or the hero, the wile,
the good, or the great man, very often lie hid aid
concealed in a plebeian, which a proper educatioa
might have diftnterrcd. Addijon.

Disi'nteressed. v.f, [dis, &nd in'erej/'e,
French. It is written diftutnefied by
thofe who derive it immediritely from
interfji, and 1 think more properly.]
Without .-egard to private advantage ;
not biafted by particular views; impar-
tial.

Not that tradition's parts arc ufelefs here,
When general, old, diftntetej's' d, and clc^ir. Dryden.
Dl'siNTERESS.MENT. n.f. [dli, aud /«-

terffftment, French.] r3irregard to pri-
vate advantage ; difintereft ; dilintereft-
cdnefs. This word, like charges in the'
fame fentence, is merely Galiick.
He has managed fome of tiie charges of th.'
3 Z 2 kingdotn

D I S

kingdom with known ability, and laid them down
with cntite difimtreffrntnt. Friar's Poffcrift.

Disi'kterest. »./ [dis An^ intertft.'\

1. What is contrary to one's wifh or pro-
fperity ; that which any one is con-
cerned to prevent.

They judge it the great difintereji to Rome.

Glanv'Ue^

2. Indifference to profit ; fuperiority to
regards of private advantage.

Disi'nterested. aJj. [from Jijinlereft.'\

1. Superior to regard of private advantage;
not influenced by private profit.

As d'lfinterified as you appear to the world, no
man is more in the power ot that prevailing ta-
vonrite paflion than yourfclf. H-wift.

2. Without any concern in an affair ;
without fear or hope.

Disi'nterestedly. aJv. [from di/in-
terejied.'] In a difinterefted manner.

JDlSI NTERESTEDNESS. «./ [itOlSL difin-

terefttd. ] Contempt of private intcreft ;
negleft of perfonal profit.

Thefc citpveflions of -felfi/hnefs and difimer^ed-
nefs have been ufed ia a very loofe and indetermi-
nate manner. Brovin.

y« Disi'ntricatb. v. a, [du and ifitri-
ea/e.'] To difentangle. DiO.

To Disinvi'te. i». a. [du and in'vite.]
To retraa an invitation. Diil.

9'o Disjoi'n. -v. a. [dejoittdre, Fr.dij and
Join. ] To feparate ; to part from each
other ; to di(unite ; to funder.

Never (hall my harp thy praife
Forget, nor from thy father's praife (//j/m/i. Milton.

Left different degree
Dlijo'm us, and I then too late renounce
Deity for thee, yvhen fate will not permit. MiUon.

Happier for me, that all our hours aflign'd
Together we had liv'd ; cv'n not in death dUjc'm'd.

Drydcn.
^ Never let us lay down our arms againft France,
till we have utterly disjoined her &om the Spanifli
monarchy. Addifin.

yoDisjoi'uT. -v. a. [dis andJoiHt.]
S. To pnt out of joint.

Be all their ligaments at once unbound.
And their disjointed bones to powder ground.

Sandys*

Yet what could fwords or poifon, racks or flame,

But mangle and disjoint the brittle frame ?

More fatal Henry's words ; they murder'd Emma's

fame. Prior.

2. To break at junfliires ; to feparate at
the part where there is a cement.

Mould'ring arches, and disjoimtd co\umns.

Irene.

3. To break in pieces ; to dilaniate.

Rotation muft difpcrfe in air
All things which on the rapid orb appear;
And if no power that motion ihould controul.
It rouft diijihl and dilTipate the whole. Bleckmtre,
Should a barbarous Indian, who had never fccn
a palace or a (hip, view the feparate and disjointed
parts, he would be able to form b|ft a very lame and
dark idea 1 { el.her of thofe excellent and ufeful
inventlori. }Vatts.

4. To carve a fowl.

5. To make incoherent ; to break the re-
lation between the parts.

Theconftancy of your wit was not wont to bring
forth fuch diijiititcd fpeechet. Sidney,

But now her grief has wrought h,er into frenzy;
The images her troubled fancy forms
Arc incoherent, wild ; her words disjointed. Smith.

y« DisjOi'nT. V. n. To fall in pieces.
Let both worlds disjoint, and all things I'ufi'er,
Srt wc will eat our meal ia fear. Stak, MiKtttk,

D I S

Drsjoi'NT. participle, [from the verb.]
Separated ; divided. We now write
disjointed.

Young Fortinbras,
Holding a weak fuppofal of our worth,
Thinks by our late dear brother's death
Our (late to be disjoint and out of frame.

Shake/peare's flam!et,
Disjudica'tion. «./. [dijudicalio, Lat.]
Judgment ; determination : perhaps only
miflaken for dijudication.

The difpofitJon uf the organ is of great import-
ance in the disjudicai'iom we make of colours.

Biyle on Coltirs,
Disjv'kct. adj. [disJunSus, Lat-I Dif-

joined ; feparate.
Disj u'nction. n. Jl [from disJunSiio,
Lat.] Difunion ; feparatiun ; parting.

You may
Enjoy your mlftrefs now, from whom you fee
There's no disjunHiein to be made, but by
Your ruin. iibakeffeare's fVinter's Tale.

There is a great analogy between the body natu-
ral and politic, in which the ccclcfiallical or fpiri-
loal part juftly fupplics the part of the foul ; and
the violent feparation of this from the other, does
as certainly infer death and di(rolution, as the dif
junflion of the body and the foul in the natural.

South.

Disju'nctive. adj. [disJunSi'vus, Lat.]

1. Incapable of union.

Such principles, whofe atoms are of that rfii/V/w-
tive nature, ai not to be united in a fufBcient num-
ber to make a vifiblc mafs. Gretu.

2. That which marks feparation or oppo-
sition : as, J love him, or fear him.

1 here are I'uch words as disjuiili'ive conjundlnns.

JVtsitt.

3. [In logick."] A disjunftive propofition
is when the parts are oppofed to one an-
other by disjunftive particles: as, // is
either day or night ; The tueather is either
Jhiny or rainy ; ^antity is either length,
breadth, or depth. The truth of disjunc-
tidies depends on the neceffary and im-
mediate oppofition of the parts, there-
fore only the laft of thefe examples is
true : but the two firft are not ftriftly
true ; becaufe twilight is a medium be-
tween day and night ; and dry cloudy
weather is a medium between ftiining
and raining. IVattt's Logick.

A disjunfiive fylloglfm is when the major propo-
fition is disjunliivc : as, ilbe earth moves in a cir-
ele, or an ellifjis ; but it does not move in a circle,
therefore it moves in an cllipfis. fVatts '» Logiik.
DiSjt;'NCTivEl.Y. adv. [from disjunc-
tive-l Diftinftly ; feparately. *

What he obferves of the numbers diijunSIively
and apart, reafon fuggeds to be applicable to the
whole body united. Caufes of the Decay of Piety.
DISK. n.f. [di/cus, Lat.]

1 . The face of the fun, or any planet, as
it appears to the eye.

The di/i of I'habus, when he climbs on high.
Appears at firft but as a bloodlhot eye. Dryden.

It is to be confidftcd, that the cays, which are
equally refrangible, do fall upon a circle anfwer-
ing to the fun's diji. Newton,

Mercury's dijk
Can fcarce be caught by philofophic eye.
Loft in the near clfulgciice. Thomfcn,

2. A broad piece of iron thrown in the an-
cient fports ; a quoit.

The cryftal of the eye, which in a fifli Is a ball,
in any land anVmal is a di/i or howl; being hereby
iitted for the clearer light of the object. Crew.

In areas varied with mofaic art,
Some whirl the diJi, and fonc the j av'lin dart. Pope,

D I S

Diski'ndness. n. /. [dis and kinJne/s.']

1. Want ofTcindnef*; want of-affedlion ;
want of benevolence.

2. Ill turn ; injury j a£l of malignity ; de-
triment.

This difcourfe is fo far from doing any difltind-
reft to the caufe, that it docs it a real fervice.

ff^oodward,

DiSLi KE. n.f. [from tlie verb]

1. Difinclination ; abfence of affeflion ;
the contrary to fondnefs.

He then them took, and tempering goodly well
Their contrary dijlikes with loved means.

Did place them all in order, and compel
To keep themfelvcs within their fundry reigns,
Togcibcr link'd with adamantine chains. Sfenjer.

Your dif.ikes, to whom I would be plcafing.
Do cloud oiy joys with danger and with forrow.

Shakeffeartf

God's grace, that principle of tiis new birth,
gives him continual dijlike to (In.

Hammond's PraSi. Catechifm.

Our likings or dipkei are founded rather upon
liumoar and fancy, than upon reafon. L'EJirjnge.

Sorrow would have been as filent as thought, at
fevere as philofophy. It would have refted in in-
ward fenfes, tacit </i/li>M. South.

The jealous man is not angry if you diflUe an.
other ; but if you find thoft faults which are in his
own charafter, you difcover not only your i/j/toe of
another, but of himfelf. MJifon.

2. Difcord i _ diffcnfion ; difagreement.
This fenfe is not now in ufe.

This faid Aletes, and a murmur rofe
That (hew'd dijlike among the chriftian peers.
_. , lairfaxm

■To DiSLi KE. -v. a. [dis and Hie.] To

difapprove ; to regard without affetlion ;

to regard with ill will or difguft.

What moft he (hould dijlike, fcems pJeafant t»

him;

What like, olFenfive. Slakefj>eare'i King Lear.

Ye dijlike, and fo undo

The players, and difgrace the poet too. Denham.

VfhoCcicvtr dijlikes the digreflions, or grows weary

of them, may throw them away. Temple.

Disli'kepul. adj.\dijlike and /a«.]

Difaffefted ; malign : not in ufe.

I think it bcft, by an union of manners, and
conformity of minds, to bring them to be one peo-
ple, and to put away thtdiJlikeJulcot\cek of the one
and the other. Spenfer's Ireland.

To Disli'ken. "r. a. [dis and liken.] To
make unlike. Unufual.

Muffle your face,
Difraantlc you ; and, as you can, diftikem
The truth of your own fecming.

Shakefpeare't fTinttr"! Takt
Disii'keness. 71./. [dis and lUene/s.]
Diffimilitude ; no» refemblance ; un-
likenefs.

That which is not deligned to- repre(ent any
thing but itfelf, can never be capable of a wrong
reprcfcntation, normifleadus from the true apprf-
hci.fion of any thing by its dijlikenefs to it; and
fuch, excepting thofe of fublUiices, art all our own '
complex ideas. i«>r.

DislTker. n.f. [from dijiite.] A difap-
prover ; one that is not pleafed.

There is a point, which whoever can touch,
will never fail of plcafing a majority, (o great that
the dijlikm will be forced to faU in with the herd.

Svfift,

To Disli'mb. -v. a. [dis and linti.] Tq

dilaniate; to tear limb from limb. Z>/V7,

To Disli'mn. -v. a. [dis and limn.] To

unpaint ; to ftrike out of a pifture.

1 hat which is now a harfe, even with a thought
The rack dijlimns, and makes it indillinft
A« w»tet is in water. Sbakejf. Ant. and Cleop,

iT.Dt'sto-

D rs

Te Dt'sLOC AT E . <r;. a, [dis, and/ofaJ,Lat.]

1 . To put out of the proper place.

After fame time the itrata on all fides of the
globe were Jijlocaic', and their fituation varied, be-
ing elevated in lome pla^.J, and dep;efli;d in others.

ffcodiaard.

2. To put out of joint ; to disjoint.

Wcre't my iitnefs
To let rhefc hands obey my boiling blood,
They're apt eflough to dijlocate and tear
Thy flefli and bones. Shakiffeare'i King Lear.
DiSLOC a'tion. Ti./. [from dijlocate. "l

1. The aft of (hifting the places of things.

2. The Hate of being difplaced.

The poflure of rocks, often leaning or proftrate,
fhews that they had fome dijhcaticn from their na-
tural fite. Burnet.

, 3. A luxation ; a violent preffure of a
bone out of the fockct, or correfpondent
part ; a joint put out.

It might go awry either within or without the
upper, a» often as it is'forcibly pulled to it, and fo
caufe a tlijlcciiticn, or a ftraln. Grnv^i Muf^tim.
To Dislo'dce. "v. a. \dis and loJ^e.'\

1. To remove from a place.

The /he!l-fi(h which are refidcnt in the deptlis
live and die there, and are never dijl'idgcd or re-
iTiOvcd by ftorms, nor caft upon the fhores ; whicii
the littorales ufuiilly ate. Wmdviard.

2. To remove from an habitation.

Tliefe fenfes loft, behold a new defeat.
The fjul dijhdg:ng from another feat.

Drydcn't Juvenal.

3. To drive an enemy from a ilation.

My fword can perfect what it ha: begun.
And from your walls dijlodge that haughty fon.

' Drydeti.

4. To remove an arniy to other quarters.

The ladies have prevail'd ;
The VolfcianJ arc djjjtdg'd, and Marcus gone.

Sbakefpeare,

To Dislo'dce. o/. ». Togo away to an-
other place.

Soon at midnight brought on the dulky hour,
Friendiieft to fleep, and filencc, he refoiv'd
With all his legions to difoJge. Jlfillcn.

Disloy'al. adj. [deflojal, French; dit
and loyal. '\

1. Not true to allegiance ; faithlefs ; falfe
to a fovereign ; difobedient.

Foul oiflruft, and breach
Dijloyal; on the part of man, revolt
.And difubedlence. * Milieu.

2. Difhoneft ; perfidious. Obfolete.

Such things, in i falfe dijloyal kn^Lve,
Are tricks of cuftom ; but, in a man that 't juD, '
They're cold delations working from the heart,
That pallion cannot rule. Sbakefpeare'i Othello.

3. Not true to the marriage bed.

The lady is dijloyal.
I Dijl-yal ! The word is too good to paint out
her wickedneis. SbakeJJieare.

Dijloyal town '.
Speak, did ft nut thou
Forfake thy faith, and break the nuptial vow }

Dryden.

4. Falfe in love ; not conftant. The three
latter fenfes are now obfolete.

Dislo'yally. adv. [from diJloyal.'\ Not
faithfully ;lreacheroufly ; ditobqdiently.
DiSLo'y Ai.TY. n.f. [from dijloyai.]

1 . Want of fidelity to the fovereign.

Let the truth of that religion I profefs be repre-
fented to judgment, not in the difgulfes of levity,
fchlfm, herefy, novelty, zni dijlyatty. K.Charlti.

2. Want of fidelity in love. A fenfe now
obfolete.

There Ihall appear fuch fceming truths of Hero's
difojalty, that Jc<Uou(^0>aU be called afTurance.

Hbakejfegre.

D 1 S

DrSMAL. adj. [dies titalus, Latin, an evil
day.] Sorrowful ; dire ; horrid ; me-
lancholy J uncomfortable ; unhappy ;
dark.

The thane of Cawder'gan a difmal con&'id. Shah.
He hears
On all fides from innumerable tongues
A difmal univerfal hifs. Milton.

Nor yet in horrid ihade or difmal den.
Nor n'^cent yec ; but on the gtalTy herb
Fearlefs, unfear'd, he flept. , Milton.

The difmal fituation y.aftf and wild,.
A dungeon horrible ! " Milton.

Such a variety ^f difmal accidents muft hare
broken the fpirits of iny man. " Clarendon.

On the one hand fet the moft glittering tempta-
tions to.difcord, and on the other view the difmal
elTciSiofit. ' ] \ ■ Decay of 'Piety,

'• Dreadful gleams,' 1
Difmal fcreains. Pcfe.

Di'sMALLY. adv. [from (iV/wa/.J Hor-
• ribly ; forrowfully;- uncomfortably.
Di'sMA^LNEss. ti.J'. [^from <///««/.] Hor-

rour ; forrow. • -

To Disma'ntLb, %;.<*; 'TdSs and mantle.]
I . To deprive of a df/^ iijto ftrip ; to de-
nude. .

He that makes his prince defpifcd and underva-
lued, and beats him out of his fubjefts hearts,
may eafily ftrip him of his other garrifcns, having
already difpulftffed him of his llrongeft, by dij-
mantling him of his honour,, and feizing his reputa.,
lion. ' Soutb.

z. To loofe ; to throw off a dreft ; to throw

open. .;., . , .r :'. ;

This is moft ftrange ! .
That (he, who ev'n but now was your beft objeft,
Deareft and beft, (hould in this trice of time
Commit a thing fo monftrous, to difmantle
So many folds of favour. ShakeffieareU King Lear.

3 . To ftrip a town of its oat\yorks.

It is not fufticient to polfefs our own fort, with-
out thc^{^<3fff//ii^aoddcmolifhingof our enemies.

Haktiuill.

4. To bre..Ic down any thing external.

His eyeballs, rooted out, are thrown to ground ;
His nofe difmaMltd in his mouth is found ;
pis jaws, cheeks, front, one undiftiagui/h'd
wound. ; Jh-yden.

ToDisma'sk. v. a. [<//> and w(i/?.] To
divelt of a mafic ; to uncover i'rom con-
cealment.

Fair ladies malk'd are rofes in tlje butj,
Or angels viil'd in clouds ; are rofts' blown,
DifmafiCd, their damalk fweet commixture (hewn.

Sbakcfjjcare,

The marquis thought beft to difmajk his beard ;

and tol.'l him that he was going covertly, JVottm.

To DISMA'Y. V. a. [dejmayar, Spanifh.]

To terrify ; to difcourage j to affright ;

to depr'efs ; to dejeft.

Their mighty ftrokcs their haberjeons difmay'd.

apenfer.

Enemies would not be fo troublefome to the
weftern coafts, nor that country itfelf vwould be (o
often difmayed with alarms as they have of late
years been. Raltigb's Ejfays.

He will not fail thee | fear not, neither be difi-
mayed. Deal.

Nothing can make him remifs in the prafljce ot
his duty; no profpeft of intercft can allure him, no
fear of danger difmay hint. jitterlury,

Disma'y. n.f. \defmayo, Spanjlh.] Fall
of courage ; terrour felt ; defertion of
mind ; fear imprefled.

All fate mute,
Pondering the danger with deep thoughts ; and each
In other's countenance read his min difmay. Milt.

This then, not minded in difmay^ yet now
AITures me that the biltetncfs of dcach
Is f»ft. Miltttn.

Disma'vedness. n.f. [ from flV/Jaaj. ]
Dejeftion of courage ; difpiritedneifs.

The valianteft feels inward difmayednefs, and yet
the fearfulleft is afliamed fully to fliew it. Sidney.

DTSME. n.f. [French.] A tenth j th»
tenth part ; tythe.

Since thefirft fwordwasdrawnaboutthis queftioir,
Fv'ry tithe foul 'mongft many thoufand difmes.
Hath been as dear as Helen.

Shakefp. froilui and Crejfida,

The pope began to exercife his new rapines by a

compliance with king Edward, in granting him

two years difme from the clergy. Ayl'iff^i Parergon*

To Disme'mber. f. a. [dis and member.}

To divide member from member ; to

, dilacerate ; to cut in pieces.

j I am with both, each army hath a hand ;
< And in their rage, I having hold of both,

They whirl afunder, a^id difmemier me. Shakefp»

O, that we then could come by Csefar's fpirit.

And not difnember Cjefar ! but, alas I

Caefar mult bleed for it. Shahfpeare^

A ftate can never arrive to its period in a more

deplorable crifis, than when fome prince lies ho-

I vering, like a vulture, to devour ot difmemier its

I dying carcafs. Snift^

Fowls obfcene difmcmher^d his remains,
' And dogs had torn him on the naked plains.

Pope's Odyjfey.-
Thofe who contemplate only the fragments or
pieces of fcicnce difperfed in fliort unconnefted
difcourfes, can never lurvey an entire body of truths
but muft always view it as deformed and difmem-
herid. fViiits.

To DISMI'SS. V. a. [dimijfus, Latin.]

'I. To fend away.

1 ^! We commit thee thkher,

I Until his army be dfmifi'd from him.

Shakefpeare'i Henry IV,
He i/j/ini^i/ tlic affembly. .<&^J, xix.41.

a. To give leave of departure.

If our young liilus be no more,
r D'lfmiji our navy from your friendly fhore.

Dryden's yirgif.

'3. To difcard ; to diveft of an office.
DlSMi'ssiON. n.f. [fiom dimijjio, 'Lzt.'\

1. Difpatch ; aft offending away.

So p jis'd, fo gently fhe defcends from high.
It feems a fnfc difmijjion from the (ky. Dryden^

2. An honourable difcharge from any of- •
fice or place.

Not only thou degrad'ft them, or remit'ft
To life obfcurr, which were a f Air difmij/ion ;
But throw'ft them lower than thou didft exalt them
high. _ _ Milton's Agor.iftei.

3. Deprivation ; obligation to leave any
poft or place.

You muft not ftay here longer j your difmijfioit
Is come from Casfar. Sbakefp. Jint. andCleop,

To Dismo'rtgage. f. «. [dis and mort"
gage.] To redeem from mortgage.

He difmortgaged the crown demefncs, and left
behind a mafs of gold. htmnl's Vocal Foreji,

7ff DisMo'uNT. f. a. [demonter, French.!

1. To throw off an horfe.

From this flying ftced unrein'd, as once
Bellerophon, though from a lower clime,
Difmountedt on th' Alci.in field I fall. Milton^

2. To throw from any elevation or place
of honour.

3. To throw a cannon from its carriage.

The Turks artillery, planted againft that tow-
er, was by the Chriftian cannoneers dij'mounted
with (hot from the tower, and many of the gun-
ners (lain. ^ Knollet,
To Dl 3 mo' IT NT. V, ».

I. To alight from an horfe.

When he came witliiii fight of that prodigiou*
army at Agincourt, he ordered all his cavalry.
dij'munl, aad implore upon their knees a bleliingr.,
Mdifon't Vreebolder
Z, T»

D I S

2. To defcend from any elevation.

7# Disna'turali/.e. -v. a. dit and na-

turalize.] To alienate ; to make alien ;

to deprive of the privileges of birth.
DiSN a'turbd. adj. [ dis and naturt. ]

Unnatural ; wanting natural tendcrnefi ;

devoid of natural afFeftion. Unufoal.
If (he muft tteiDi

Create her child of fplcen, that it may live.

And be a thwart itijiuiur'd torment to her.

Sbakefpeare^s King Lear,

Disobb'dience. »./.' [dis and obedience.']
I. Violation of lawful command or prohi-
bition ; breach of duty due to fuppfi-
ours. J

Th' oSisace is holy that (he hath committed ;
And this deceit lofes the name of craft,
Of tH/eieJUuct, or unduteous title. Sbah/ftari.

Of man's firft difibidicnei, and the fruit
Of that forbidden tree, ling heav'nly mufc.

Mitttn.

Murder, adultery, or JifibeJhue to. prirenti,
have a general notion antecedently to laws.

Siiil'mgfiec:.

This is not difobrdUnce, but rebellion ; 'tis dis-
claiming the fovereignty of Chrift, and renounc-
ing all allt^giance to his authorit)'. Rogers.

i. Incompliance.

if planetary orbs the fun obey.
Why ihould the moon difown his fovereign fway ;
Why in a whirling eddy of her own
Around the globe terreftial Ihould fl>e run ?
This dijihediince of the moon will prove
The fun's br ightorb does qot the planets more.

BiMkawe.

Disobe'dient. adj. [dh u\d. cliedient.]
Not obfervant of lawful authority ; guilty
of the breach of lawful commands, cr
prohibition.

The man of God waj Jifibediail unto the word
of the Lord. ' t Kingi, xlii. l6.

STtf DisoBE'y. V. a. [dis and oLeji.] To
break con^mandf, or tranfgref^ prohibi-;
tions.

She abfjlutely bade him, and hcd^rft notjkaow
how to difoiey, oidniy.

He's loth to di/cbty the god's command,
Nor willing to forfake this pleafant land. Dt'ibam.

Disoblica'tion. h. /, [dit and obliga-
tion.'] Offence; caufe of difgull.

If be receded from what he had proniifedi it
would be fuch a JifMigtitim to the prince that \k
would never forget it. Clarcvdtn.

There can be no malice^ and.con&quently no
crime or dijclllgauon. ' VEJlmngt.

^0 DISOBLl'GE. v.a. [dis sni oblige.]
To offend ; to difguft ; to give offence

■ to. A term by which ofience is tenderly
cxpreffed.

Alhlcy had been removed from that charge, and
was thereby fo much dijotligal, that he quitted the
king's party. C/nrcndtn.

Thofe, though in higticQ place, who (Dj^ht and
iijMige their friends, fliall infallibly come to
luiow the value of them, by having none when
ihey fliall mod need them. Somb.

It is in the power of more particular perfons in
this kingdom, than in any other, to diltrcfs the
government, when they are difiliged.

AddijoH'i FreehMr.

My plan has given offence to fomc gentlemen,
whom it would not be very fafe to di/Migr.

Addipn'i Guardian.

We love and cfteem our clergy, and arc apt to
lay feme weight npon their opinion, and would
Slot willingly difeiligt them.

Snvtft ionc/rnittg tbe Sacramftitai Te/t.

If a woman fu/Tcrs her lover to fee Oic is loth
t9 JijMie hita, let hec beware of an cncroacher.

Clarija.

D I SO 8 L I'c I N c . participial adj. [h^Vn dif-
oili^e.] Difgufting; unplcafiijg ; offcn

PeremptoriAels can befit no form bf unJetftlpd-
ing: it renders wife men dij'ohlighr and trouWe-
foJnc, and fooh ridiculoui and contemptible.

G(rveri:mtvt of ihi tcrgue.

Disoj^Li'oitidiY. adv. [from difoblig-
ing.] In a difgufting or offciifive man-
ner; without attention to, pleafe.

Disobli'gingness. n.f. [froin di/oblig-
ing.] Offenfivenefs ; readinefs to dilgiift.

Diso'rbed. a<3jf. [dis and ori.] Thrown
out of the proper orbit.

Fly like chidden Mercury from Jove,
; Or like a ftar difirb'd. Sbak. Tioilui and Crtjfid».

Diso'rder. n.f. [dis and order ; defordre,
French.]

I. Want of regular difpofition ; irregula-
rity ; confufion ; immethodical dillribu-
tion.

When I read an author of genius without mt-

thod, I fancy rajfelf iq a wood that abounds with

\ many noble objefts, rifirig amonij one anotliec in

the greacfft confufion and diforder. Sptlfator.

Z. Tumult ; difturbance ; buftle. •

A greater favour this dijurdtr brought
Unto her fervants, than their a%vful thouglt
Durft entertain, when thus compell'd they preft
The jiclding nK-rble of her fnowy bread, ffellcr.

3. Negleft of rule ; irregularity.

From vulgar bounds with brave dijardrr part,
And fnatch a grace beyond the reacii of art. Pofe.

4. Bre.ich of laws ; violation of ftanding
inftitytion.

There reigned in all men blood, manilaughter,
difcjuicting of good men, forgctfulnefs of good
turus, and difordtr in marriages. fl^ifd. xiv. 26.

'5. Breach of that regularity in the animal
economy which caufes health ; fick-
nefs ; dillemper. It is ufed commonly
for a flight difeafe.

Pleafure and pain are only dlfferfint conl^itu-

■ ■ tions of the mind, fometimcs occafioned by ti'^~

order in the body, or fomctimes by thoughts in the

j mind< Locii-.

6. Difcompofure of mind ; turbulence of

paflions.
To D I so'r D E R . t». a. [dis and order."]

',1. To throw into confufion; to confound ;
I to put out of method ; to dillurb ; to
ruifle ; to confufe.

Eve,
Not fo repuls'd, with tears' that ceas'd not flowing.
And trdTes all diforder'd, at his feet
Fell humble. Millsn.

Von dijordcr^d heap of ruin lies,
Stones rent from ftones, where clouds of dull arife,

Drydtn.
The incurfions of the Goths, and other barba-
rous nations, dijt/rdered the affairs of the Roman
empire. Arbutbr.'.t,

2. To make fick ; to difturb the body :
as, my dinner diforders me.

3. To difcompofe ; to difturb the mind.
4.. To turn out of holy orders ; to dcpofe ;

to ftrip of ecclefiaftical vcilmcnts.

Let him be ftript, and dijordtred ; I would fain
fee him walk in qucrp-i, that the world may bo-
hold the inlide of a fiiar. DryJi.n's Sf'CniJb Friar.

Diso'rdbred. adj. [from di/order,] Dif-
orderly ; irregular ; vitious ; loofe ; un-
rellrained in behaviour ; debauched.

Here do you keep a hundred knights and fquires.
Men fo diforder'd, Co dcbaucli'd and boW,
That this our court, infefteJ with their mannerf.
Shews like a riotous ino. SkakeJ{rart't KmgLear.

D I S

Diso'rdebedness. n.f. [from difordtr-
ed.'\ Irregularity J want of order; con.
fufion.

By that diftrdertdntfi of the foldiers, a great
advantage was offered unto the enemy. Kmllti^
Diso'rderly. adj. [from dij'order.]
I. Confufed ; immethodical ; without pro*
per diftribution.

Thofe obfoUte laws of Henry I. were but Jif.
orderly, confulied, and general things ; rather ca^s
and uells of adminiliration than inftitutioui.

lUU.
$. Irregular ; tumultuous.

They thought it the extremelt ofevilito pot

tbemfelves at the mercy o( thofe hungry and dif-

ordirly people. Bac^ru

His thoughts, which are the piflures and re-

fults of palnons, are generally fuch as naturally

arife from thofe dijorderly motions of our fpirits.

' ■ Drydtn.

I A difarderly multitude contending with the body

of the lejjiflature, is like a man in a fit under

I the condud of one in the fulnefs of liii health

an(^ ftrength. Mdifn.

3. Lawlefs ; contrary to law ; inordinate ;
I contrary to the rules of life ; vitious.

; He reproved them for their difarderly afiemblies
\ againii the peaceable people of the realms.

Haytvard.

Dtso'RDERLY. «</t/. [fiom di/order.]
I. Without rule; without method; irre-
gularly ; confufedly.

Naked favages fighting dfordcrly with ftones,
by appointment of their commanders, ra.iy truly!
and abfolutely be faid to war. Raieigt.

z. Without law ; inordinately.

We behaved not ourlelves dijorderly among you.

^Tbeff..
Diso RDINATE. adj. [dts and ordinate.]
Not living by the rules of virtue j in-
ordinate.

Thcfe not diferdhate, yet caofclefs foffer
, The punifhment of dilTolutc days. Milt, yiginijirs,
Diso'rdin ATELY. adv. [from dij'ordi-

nate.] Inordinately; vitioufly.
Diso'rientated. adj. [dis i.nd orient.]
Turned from the eaft ; turned from the
right direction ; thrown out of the pro-
per place. Harris.
To Diso'wN. <i>. a, [dis and o-iun.]

1. To deny ; not to allow.

1'hcn they, who brotiier's better claim rfi/oTOff,
Expel their parents, and ufurp the throne.

Drydets j^ne-d,

2. To abnegate ; to renounce.

When an author has pubiickly difonmd a fpu-
rious piece, they have difputcd his name with him .

Svii/r.

To DISPA'ND. -v. a. [difpando, Latin.]

To difplay ; to fpread abroad. Din.

Dispa'nsion. n.f. [from di/pan/us, Lat.]

The aftofdifplaying; the aft of fpixad-

ing ; diffufion ; dilatation.

To DISPA'RAGE. -v. a. [from di/par,

Latin.]

1. To marry any one to another of infe-
riour condition.

2. To match unequally; to injure by
union with fomething inferiour in excel-
lence.

3. To injure by a comparifon with fome-
thing of lefs value.

4.. To treat with contempt ; to mock ; to
flout ; to reproach.

Aliaz, his fottilh conqueror, he drew
Cod's altar to difj-arjge and dil'placc.
For one of Syrian mode Millen't Partdife L:fi,

Thuu

D 1 S

Thou dorft not thus difparafi glortoos irm?,
Which greateft heroes have \aDJttk worn,
Their omamcBt and fifety. Milton's /!«;:mfi"-
They will defy
That which thfy love moft tenderly ;
Quarri:! with mincV ^ies, and iifp:ir^ge ^
Their bell and Jeireft friend, plura-porriJge,

Huiiihras,

t. To bring reproach upon; to be die
caufe of difgrace.

How fliall frail pen, with fear iifparagid.
Conceive fuchfoveteign glory and great bauntihed?

Sfsyn.

His religion fat eafily, naturally, and gnccfully

upon him, with Jut any of th»ie forbiJding ap-

pearanpe* which fomctimes di/farage the atlions

of men finterely pious. Atttrbury.

D I s p a'r A c E M E .-» T . »./ [from difparage.']

1. Injurious onion or comparifon with
fomething of inferiour excellence.

They take it for a Mffaragtmatt to ^rt thcm-
ftlves with any other than the enemies of the pub-
lick peace. VKjirangt.

2. [In law.] Matching an heir in mar-
riage under his or her degree, or againft
decency. Cnuell.

You wrongfully 4o retjuire Moffa to fo great a
J-,^srat:mtnt, as to wed her father's feivant.

Sidney ,

She was much afftSionate to her own kindred,
• hich did ftir ^reatenvy in the lords of the king's
fide, who coun-.crf her blood a dlfparagcv-.tn: to be
mingled with the king's. Bacon.

3. Reproach; difgrace; indignity.

(Jcntle knight.
That doth againft the dead his hand uprear.
His honour (lains witii rancour and dcfpight,
And great dyfarjrtnttnl makes to hit former
might. Sfen/er.

In a commonwealth, mach d'lffitagnnm is oc-
cafioned, when able fririts, attracted by a famili-
arity, are inflamed with fadHon. ffaiton.

•Tis no diffaragrmtrit to philofophy, that it ron-
not Ceify us. G/anville.

ReaioB is a wejk, diminutive light, compared to
revelation ; but it ought to be no dijfaragrme-t
to a Itar that it i< not a fun* Scuih-

"Rely upon your beauty : 'twere a d'Jfaraganent
of tfait to talk of conditiors, when you a.e cer-
tain of making your own terms.

Snatbern'i Innxaif AJulltry.

4. It has lo befo/-e the perfon or thing
difparaged. ~-

Then 10 our age, when not to pleafure bent,
This feems an honnur, not dij'paragcment, Devbe'm*

The play was never Intended for the ftage; nor,
without difpcragtmtnt to the author, could have
fuccecd ;d. Drydot,

Dispa'racer. "■ /. [ from Ji^arage. ]
One that difgraces ; one that treats with
indi;;iiity ; one that contrives an un-
equal match.

Di'spARATEs. «. /. [i/i/parata, Latin.]
Things fo unlike that they cannot be
compared with each other.

Dispa'rm Y. a. / [from difpar, Latin.]

J. Inequality; difference in degree either
of rank or excellence.

Bet.ieen Elihu and the reft of Job's familiars,
the greatell diffariij wa» but in years. Htioier,

Aniong un'-quals, what fociety
Can fort, what harmony or true delight ?
Which muft be mutual, in proportion due
Giv'n and rcceiv'd j but in dijfarity^
The one intenfc, the other ftill remifs.
Cannot well fuit with either, but foon prove
Tedious alike. Milf.n'i Paradifi I.0JI.

There was as great a d'ljfanty between the prsc-
tlcal diftatei of the undcrllanding, then and now,
an there W between empire and advice, couafel and
commudt South.

b I s

Men ought not to affociate and join themfelves
together in the fame ofSce, under a difnjriiy of
condition. Aylifc's Farirgon.

Some members mud prcfide, aitd others obey ;
and r. d^ffanry in the outward condition is necef-
fary to keep feverai orderi in mutual dependence
on each other. ' RcTen.

2. Diffimilitude ; unlikenefs.
?"oDispa'rk. 1'. a. [dis i^nA park.'\
1. To throw open a park.

Vou have fed upon my figniories,
Difpari'd ray parks, and fell'd my foreft woods.

ShiTkeJjpeare.

i. To fet at large ; to releafe from en-
clofure.

They were fuppos'd
By narrow wits to be inclos'd ;
Till his free mufe threw ilo.vn the pale.
And did at once dijjf>art them all. Jfallir,

'7<) Dispa'rt. 11. a. [dis and pari; de-
parttr.Ereach; di/pertiDr, Latin.'] To
divide in two ; to feparate ; to break ;
to bnrft ; to rive.

Tiie gate nor wood, nor of enduring Vrafs,
But of more worthy fubftanec framed was ;
Doub\y dij'paricd, it !id lock and clofe.
That when it locked none might through it pafs.

Spetifer.
On either fide
Difparttd chaos overbuilt exclaim'd;
And with rebounding furge the bars aflail'd,
That fcom'd his indignation. Miltcn.

The re(i to fcvcral places,

Difparted, and between fpun out the air. Mn'icn.

Di/furlrd Brkiun mourn'd their doubtful fway.

And dreaded both, when neither would obey, frioi ,

The pilgrim oft
At dead of night, 'mid his orifon, hears,
Aghaft, the viice of time dijfartmg tow'rs. Din.
Dispa'ssion. »./ [dis and pa^en.] Free-
dom from mental perturbation ; exemp-
tion from paflion.

What is calicJ by the Stoicks apathy, or dif-
fajlii, is called by the Sceptickj indifturbancc.
by tlie Molenifts quietifm, by comibon men peace
of conlcicnce. Tmpk.

Dispa'ssionate. adj. [from dis andpa/-
Jienate.\ Cool j calm ; impartial ; mo-
derate ; temperate : it was fometimes
written difpaffionatid.

Yr^u have, as al! ai^^amni men may judgr',
fulfilled the poet's dennition of madnefs.

Dr. Maine.

Wife and difppjjicinale men thought he had been

proceeded with very juilly. C/arntdcn.

To Dis i'e'l. -v. a. [di/pel/o, Lntin.] 'lo

drive by fcattering ; to diffipate.

If the night
Have gather'd aught of evil, or conceai'd,
Difperfi: it, as now light difpeli the dark. Aiilttm.
When the fpirit brings light into ovir rtiind^,
it difpth darknefs : we fee it, as we do that t :
the fun at noon, and need not the twilight of
reafon to /hew it. Lmki,

Dispe'nce. n.f. [difpence, French.] Ex-
pence ; coft ; charge ; profafion.

It wai a vault ybuilt for great difpmcr.
With many ranges rear'd along the wall.
And one great chimney, whofe long funnel
thence
The fmoke forth threw. Fairy S^een,

To DISPE'ND. t'. n. [difptttdo, Latin.]
To fpend ; to confume ; to expend.

Of their commodities they were now fcarce able
to di/ftnd the third part.

Spenfrr'i Start of Ireland.
Dispe'nsary. n.f. [from di/ptn/e.] The
place where medicines arc difpenfed.

lo thee the lov'd dijfeni'ry I refign. Garth.

Dispensa'tioi*. n.f, [from di/pen/aiio,
Latin.]

' b'f s

1 . Dlftribution ; the aft of dealing out any
thing.

'i'h;s perpetual circulation is conftantly pro-
moted by a dij'penj'ation of water promifcuou (ly
and indifferently to all parts of the earth.

Woodward's Katuiai Hijicry,

2. The dealing of God with his creatures ;
method of providence ; dillribution of
gtwd and evil.

God delights in the minillries of his oWn choice*
and the methods of grace, in the (economy 0^
licaven, and ihc dilpenfatiors of eternal happinefi*
Taylor's Worthy Communicarttm

Neither are God's methods or intentions differ-
entin his difpcnfations toeach privateman. Rogtrt,

Do thou, my foul, the dcllin'd period wait.
When God ihall folve the dark decrees of fate ;
His now unequal difpn/ations clear.
And make all wife and beautiful appear. Tickell.

3. An exemption from fome law ; a per-
milTion to do fomething forbidden ; an
allowance to omit fomething command-
ed.

A Jifperfation was obtained to enable Dr. Barrow
to many. Ward,

Dispensa'tor. n.f. [Latin.] One em-
ployed in dealing out any thing ; adif-
tributer.

As her majefty hath made them difpenfaton of
her favour towards her people, fo it behoveth them
to (hew themfelvcs equal diftributers of th^fame.

Bacon

Dispe'nsatory. n.f. [from difpenfe.] A
book in which the compofition of medi-
cines is (.'efcribed and diredled ; in the
Greek, a Pharmacopeia.

The defcription of the ointment it foond in the
chyniical difperjatory. Bacon's Natural Hijiory,

A whole difpenfatory was little enough tb meet
with, and fuffice to all their wants. Hammonds

Our materia medica is large enough j and, to
look irito our difpenfator'us, one would think no
. d'leafe incurable. Bakerp

To DISPE'NSE. V. a. [de/penfer, Fr.]

1. To deal out ; to diftribute.

Thofe now, that were difpens'd
The burden of many ages, on me light
At once, by my foteknowled£e. Miiton.

Thofe to whom Chrift has committed the dif-
, penjing of" his gofpel. Decay of Piety,

At length the mufes ftand reftor'd again.
While you dijpenfc the laws, and guide the ftate.

Dryden,
To them but earth-l)orn life they did difpenjc ;
To us, for mvitual aid, celeftial fenfe. Tate's Juv,

2. To make up a medicine.

To Dispense luith. To cxcufe ; to grant
difpenfatiore for ; to allow : before

things.

To fave a brother's life,
Nature diffenfes luith the deed, Sbaiefpearf,

How few kingdoms arc there, wherein, by dif-
penfmgiuith oaths, abfolving fubjefls from alle-
giance, and curfing, or threatening to curfe, at
long as their curfcs were regarded, the popes have
not wrought innumerable raifchicfs. Raleigh.

s Rules of words may be (/i/^es/ii/TOM. Watts,'

4, To Dispense nuith : before perfons.
To fet free from an obligation. This
conftruftion feems ungrammatical.

1 coulii p'lt dijpenfe viitb myfelf from making a
voyage to Caprea. Addifon on Italy,

5. To D I s p E N s E w//^. To obtain a dif-
penfation from ; to come to agreement
with. Thii ftruflure is irregular, un-
lefs it be here fuppofed to mean, as it
may, to difcount ; to pay an equiva-

, lent.

Hal

SptM/er.
. dq,;not

D I S

Hift thau not fworn allejiance unla me }
Canl( thou iifptnft teiih betv'n for fuch in oith ?

Dispe'nsc. If./, [from the verb.] ' Dif-
penfation ; exemption : not in ufe.

Then rcliques, beads.
Indulgences, diffenfts, pardons, bulls.
The (port of winds. , , .: ■ Afiliiw.

Dispe'nser.. n./, [from iijftnfc.'\ One
th.tt difpenfes ; one that deals out any
thing ; a diftributer.

The miniftcn of chathoulehoM «re theVifrot/rrj
of that faith. S^ali

Thofc who ftand before earthly princes, who are
the difpnfert of their favours, and cohveybrs of
their will to others, challenge high honours, jittirh-
To Dispe'ople. -v. a. \_iiit Ani fifo/>U.]
To depopulate ; to empty of people;

The Irilh, baniflied into the mountains, where
they lived only upon white meats, feeing their
lands (o dlfpKfledmi weakened, cMnk'Jown into
the plains. i:! :> i St

Conflagrations, and £reie 4rovght>>
merely isjftufle, but deftroy.

His heart exalts him in the harm
Already done, td'havc d-fjrcoplid'hciiv'n.

Kings, furious and fevere,
Wh» elaim'd the (kiesj diffe^latMr and flobds, .
The lonely lords of empty wilds and w>ods. Pofi.

Dispb'opler.' «./ [from di/people.] A
depopul^tor ; a waller.

Nor drain I ponds the golden carp to take ;
Nor tfowle for pilces, difftif'ieri of the lake. Gty,
Te Dispe'rce. -v. a. \_difpergo, Lat.] To
.fprinkle ; to feat ten- 1 ■ Shaie/ptark.
To DISPE'RSE. -v. a. [di/per/us, Lat.J
I.. To fcattcr ; to drive to different pares.
And I fcattcred them among the hcachenj and
they were difftrjed through tlic countries.

Exek, xxxvi. 19.

3. To diflipate.

Soldiers, dijferfeyourCehes. Sbaktjfeare.
If the night
Have gather'd aught of evil, or conceal'd,
Difperjc it, as now light difpels the dark. Mh'len.

3. To deal about ; to dillribute.

Being a king that loved wealth, he could not
endure to have trade fick, nor any obftruftion to
continue in the gate vein which diffcrjab that
blood. Bacon*

DlspE'asZDLr. adv. Ifrom dijptr/id,] In
a difperfed manner ; feparately.

The exquifite wits of fome few, peradventure,
are able, difptrjidiy here and there, to 6nd now a
word, and then a fentcnce, which may be more
frobably fufpe£lisl) than eaGly clcareJ|Of errour,

H:ck,r.

Thofe minerals are either found in grains, dif-

pcrjrdly intermixed with the corpofcles of earth, cr

fand, or clfc amalted into bnlls or nodules. tVcokv!,

Dispe'rsBDness. n. f. [from di/per/ed.']

The ll.ite of being difperfed ; difperfion.

Dispe'*seness. ti. /. [from dij'per/e.'\

Thinnefs ; fcattercdnefs.

The torrid parts of Africk are by Plfo refemblcd
to a libbard's (kin, the diHance of whofe fpots re-
prefent the dljpirjnefa of habitations or towns in
Africk. Brtrrwiod on LangU'jga,

Dispe'rser. »./ [frora</i/^<r/^.] Afcat-
terer ; a fpreader.

Thofe who are pleafed with defamatory libels,
fo far as to approve the authors and dijpcrfirtof
them, are at guilty ai if they had compofed tnem.

Spe^ator.

Dupe'rsion. »./. [from dlfperfto, Lat.]

1. The aft of fcattering or fpreadiag.

2. The ftate of being Mattered.

Noah began from thence his difptrfim, Rtleigh.
After fo many difpirjioni, and 10 many divifipns,
two 01 6utt of lu may yet be gathered together.

P'pc.

t> I 3

To Dtspi'mr. v. a, [dis ini J)>ir!t.] !

I. To difcourage ; to dejeft ; to deprcTs ;

to damp ; to terrify ; to intimidate ; to

fright ; to ftrike with fear.

Certain it is, that the poor man appeared Co,dif-\
flrlted, that he fpoke but few' words after he came)
upon the fcaffold. Cltirtridon.

The providenei^ of God- ftrlltes not In' with
them, but dalhes, and even dijpirlit, all ♦hiiV en-
deavours, and n)aksi their ucfigns heivtlet and '
ineffeaual. S:iilh.\

Steady to my principles, and not dlffiriud *ith'
my affliflions, I nave overcome all difficulties.

.-.. ,• ■..-,.■ J, ; J^ty'n'-*

AmMft'all the'hohouVs'tha't'are paid WtHj he
feels nothing in himfelf but a poor, Wcitt, difpi-
riied mortal, yielding KJ the lavfsbf corruption.

; • .. ' >^. Rogers.

2. To isxhauft the fpirits ; to opprefs the
conftitutioQ of the body.

He has Jj/^in/fi/ 'himfelf by a.tfebauch, .and,
drank away his good hnmpu'r. Collier,

Dispi'rit^dkesV. »,'_/! .[fronkj^^^/r//.]
Wantrofj vigour ;.. vyant of vivacity.^ t>iil.
To Dis^i,A'cE.. w.ftfi- [dis and p/ace.]

1. To put'out of plate ; to place-in another
fituation *. as, the dieflmen -art difplated.

2. To put Out of any ftate, condition, of-
fice, truft, or dignity.

To difp/jce my who arc in, upon difpteafurc, is
by all means to be avoided, unlefs there be a manl-
feft caufejbi it. Bacon.

Abdal, who commands
Tht cTty, is the prince's friend, and therefore
Mull bedi/placJ, and thou (halt (trait fuccocd him

Derbjtn.
A religiorf, eftablilhed by God hirnfi.!f, (hould
not be dijphced by any thing, under a dcmonftra-
tion of that divine power that Aril ititroduced it.

Soutb.
■ One then mav be difplac'd, and one may reign ;
And want of merit render birthright vain.

Dijdcn.

3. To diforde)-.

You have difplac'd the mirth, broke the good
meeting
With mod admip'd diforder. Sbaicfpeare.

Displa'cency. It./, [di/placeniia, Lat.]

1. Incivility; difobligation.

2. Difguft ; any thing unpleafing.

The difplacenciti that he receives, by the con-
fequences of his excefs, far outwrfgh all that is
grateful in it. Decay of Pitty.

i7i DiSPL a'nt. V. a. [dis And p/aiit.}

1. To remove a plant.

2. To drive a people from the place in
which they have fixed their refidence.

All thofe countries, which, lying near unto any
mountJins, or Irilh defarts, had been planted with
Englilh, were ihortly difplanttd and lod. Sp/nftr,

1 may juftly account new plantations to be the
children of former kingdoms : I like a plantation
in a pure foif; that is, where people arc not dif-
planud. BacoK..

Displanta'tion. ti. f. [from dis and
plan:atio.\

1. The removal of a plant.

2. The ejeftion of a people.

The Edenltes were garrifoncd to refill the AlTy-
rians, whofe djfplantation Senacherib vaunted of.

Rilcigb,

ToT>lS?LA'Y. -J.a. [de/plojer. Fr.]
I . To fpread wide.

The northern wind his wings did broai difplaj
At bis command, and reared him up light.

Fairy Siuten,

There he him found all carelcfsly dijplay^d.
In fccret (hadow from the funny ray.
On a fwcet bed bf lilies f»ftly laid, Fairy S^sm.

D I S

, To eshiblt to the light or mind.

You fpeak not like yourlcif, who ever yet
Have ftood to charity, and diJpUy'd th' cflccH

Of difpofition gentli

Thou heav'n's alternate bea
The blulh of morning, and tl;

The works of nature, and
tion, dSphy ttfith to niankin
fibir, tlut thofc, wiio arc not -.,<

Shilit[ptM-em

■ hy,
Dryd.
re?cla-
' (b vi.
y read.

Lucktm

The (lorm the dirk Lycain groves ifljphy'd.
And Htdto liglit expos'd the facrcJ (hade.

"••■: Porv'iSidSus.

Say how this inftmment of l^vc b< 'an;
And in inmiorbl &t2fut'dijp/tj thD|*n. ■ ; Cay,

3. To carve j to cut up. : v ,; ;i < , , ,

He carvej, difpkiyt, and ctits uptoi wsnden
"■ , Sptilat'.r,

4. To talk with,o{it rcftraint.

'I he very felliw wh ch of late
Di/p/ay'd (a faucily agai.nft your .ligliflelii. SlaK

5. 'J'o let oilentatiouny to yisiV.

They arc all couched in a pit, with obfcMred
. lights ; which, at the very inftant of.our meeting,
tluy wH^ at once dijp/ay to thonigbt. ' Sbahfpeare.
Display, n.f. [from the verb. J An ex-
hibition of any thing to vievvi

Our ennobled underllaiijinjs take the wings of

the morning to vilit the'w*ld above us, and have

a glorious d/ffay of the highell foim of created

extcllencic!,. G/an-ji/i..

Wc can with thf greateft'coldnefs behold the

ftupcndous difptays of omnipotence, and be intranf-

■p-irts at the puny elTays of human (kill. Sptffator.

Oisplea'sanci:. n. /. [from d!/plea/e.']

Anger; difcontent. Obfolete.

Coidell faid, (he lov'd him as behov'd ;
Whofe fimple anfwcr, wanting colours fair
To paint it forth, him to difpleaj'anct mov'd.

DispLEA SANT. adj. [from drJp/ea/e.]Xja-
pleafing; ofFenfive; unpleafant.

What to one is a moft grateiui odour, to another

is noxious and di/piea/ani ; and it were a miferv jj

f 'me to lie ftretched on a bed of rofes. G/arr. Sap.

ToDisple'ase. T. a. [dis &nd p/ta/e,] To

offend ; to m.ike angry.

God was difplmfcd with this thing, i Cbmi:. xxi. 7.

To Disple'ase. f. ». Todilguft; toraife
averfion.

Foul fights do rather difpteaft, in that they ex-
cite the memory of foul things, than in the im-
mediate objcQs; and therefore, in pifhires, thofe
foul fights do not much oft'end. Bac. Nat. Hi/>.

Your extreme fondnefs was perhaps as difpkaf.
itig to God before, as now your extreme affliftion.

TmpU.

Sweet and (linking commonly ferve our turn
for thefe ideas, which, in ef}"e<!>, is little more thaa
to jcal( them pleafing or dijpleafing ; though the
fmell of a rofc and violet, both fweet, arc certainly
very didiaO ideas. Lvic.

Disple'asincness. n.f. [from dijj>lea/-
'"£•] Offenfivenefs ; quality of ofFend-
Jng-

It is 1 midake to think that men cannot change
the dilpi'ea/ingnejs or indifferency, that is in actions,
into plealure and delire, if they will do but what it
in their power. Lociit

Disple'asure. tl./. [from dtjplea/e.}

1. Uncafinefs ; pain received.
When good is propofed, its abfeace carries £J'

pfeafure or pain with it. Locke*

2. Offence ; pain given.

Now (Iiall I be more blamelefs than the Philit
tine?, though I do them a difpleafurt, Judget.

3. Anger; indignation.

True repentance may be wrought 5n the hearts
of fuch as fear God, and yet incur his difpUafure,
the dcferved cftc£l whereof is eternal death, llviter.

He (hould beware that he did not provoke Soly.
man's heavy difpUafure ajalnft him. Knolltt,

Undoubtedly

D I S

Undoubfedly he will rdmt, ti\i turn

From his tUfpltafure, ATilnit.

Though the teciprocalncfs of the injury ought
to allay the diffltajure at it, yet men fo much more
confider what they fufter thjji what they do.

Decay ofPUly.
On me alone thy juft d\fpkajurt lay j
But take thy judgments from this mourning land.

Drydat,

You've fliewnhowmuch you my content defign j

Vet, ah! would hcav'n'si/y//j/rj/««pafs like mine !

Dryden.
Nothing is initfelffo pernicious to communities
of learned men, as the d:Jflei:fure of thuii prince.
AdJifon'i Freehildtr.

4. State of difgrace ; ftate of being dif-
countenanced ; disfavour.

He went into Poland, being in d^fflcafure with
the pope for overmuch familiarity, ftad: on Mujic,

TcDisple'asure. T. a. [from the noun.]
To difplcafe ; not to gain favour; not
to win affcftion. A word not elegant,
nor now in ufc.

When the way of pleifuring or JUpleafiirivg licth
by thfe favourite, it is impoflible any other fliould
be over great. Bactin.

To piSPLO'DE. 'V. a. [diJpIoJo, Lat.] To
difperfe with a loud noiie; to vent with
violence.

Stood rank'd of fetaphim another row.
In pollurc to diff!tdt their fecorid tire
Of thunder. Afi/tsn.

DispLo'siON. n. / [from diffhfus, Lat.]
The afl of difploding ; a fudden buril
or difperfion with noife and violence,

Dispo'rt. n. f. [</is and //)ort.] Play;
fport; paftime; diverfion; amufement;
merriment.

She lift not hear, bat her diffirit purfiied ;
And ever bade him (lay, till time the tide renew'd.

D I S

\diffofer, Fr. di/pono,

Spcrjrr.
His difftrti were ingeououi and manlike, where-
by he always Uarned fomewhat. Uyiu. mZd, VI,
She buficd, h^ard ih: found 1

Of ruftlingleavesj but minded not, as us'd
Tu fuch dijfart before her through the ■field. ATilt,

To Dispo'rt. '•J. a. [from the noun.] To
"divert.

He often, but attended with weak^aard.
Comes hunting this way to difpcrt himfclf. Stat.

To Pispo'aT. v. u.^o play; to toy; tq
l^anton.

Frcfli gales and gentle airs
■ Whiffer'd it to the woods, and from their wings
Flung rofe, Aung odours, from tiie fpicy (hrub

Vi/forihgl _ ^ . MUicn.

Laofe 1 '■ ■ • ■ • ■ ments flew;

The glitt , if„

I'ipt in t!: iKk-?,

Wheie light dijfent in ever mingling dyes. Pofc.
'Dispo'sAL. »./ [from di/po/e^
I. The aft of difpollng or regulating any
thing; regulation; difpenlation ; dil-
tribution.

Tax not i'lv'we drffo/al; wITefl men
Haveerr'd, and by bao'wmen been deluded. Mill.

3. The power of diftubution ; the right
of bellowing.

Are not th: bleflings both of this world and the
next in his difpcfai f jintrh^rj.

3. Government ; management ; conduct.

We fltsU get more tiue and ilear knowledge by
one rule, than by taking up principtes, and thereby
putting -Kir minds into tbcdt/pefaii of others. LkIk.

4, Eftabliiliment in a new ftate; difmif-
fion into new hands.

I am called off f.om public *(rertations by a do.
mtftick affair of great importance, which i5 no
kit aa»<he di/ptjalnl my lifter Jenny for liCe.

Ztfr/rr, N" 75.

To DISPO'SE, -v. a
Lat.]

1 . To employ to various purpofes ; to
diffufe.

Thus, whilft Ac did her various pow'r diffsfi.
The world was free from tyrants, wars, and woes.

Frior.

2. To give; to place; to beilow.

yet ici, when noble benefitsThall prove
Not well dupes' d, the mind grown once corrupt.
They turn to vicious forms, ten times more ugly
Than ever they were fair. Shaktfpeare,

Of what you gathered, as mod your own, you
- have difpcfid much in works of public piety. Spratt.

3. To turn to any particular end or con-
fequence.

Endure, and conquer; Jove will Coon difpoft
To future good our part and prefent v/oes.' Dryd.

4. To adapt ; to form for any purpofe.
Thefc when the knights beheld, they 'gan difprj,-

Themfelves to court, aud each a damfcl chofe. '

Spertf^r,
But if thee lift unto the court to throng.
And there to haunt after th&hoped prey.
Then muft thou thee dij'pt>fe another way.

Iluilierd's Tak.

J. To frame the mind ; to give apropen-
fion ; to incline : with le,

Sofpicions dsfpaje kings to tyranny, hufljands to
jealoufy, and wife men to irre'folution and melan-
choly. Bjcm.

The memory of what they had fuffered, by being
without it, eafily dijpojtd them to do this. Clarcmi.
He knew the (ear of Paradifc;

And, as he was d.fpoid, could prove it

Below the moon, or elfe above it. Uudihras.

This d'tjpt^t: men to believe what it teaches, to
follow what )t advifcs. Tcmplt.

A man might do this now if bewere malicioufty
dlffojed, and had a mind to bring matters t.i extre-
""ty- Drydn.

Although the frequency of prayer and t'afting
may be of no efficacy to dijpofe God to be more
gracious, yet it is of greit ufe V3 difpofi us to be
more objefts of his grace. Smalridgr.

If mere moralifti find themfelves di/jtofed 10 pride,
luft, iiite.-nporance, or avarice, ihcy do" not think
their morality concerned to check them. Siu.ft.

6. To make fit : with/or.

This may di/poje me, perhaps, /or the reception
of truth; but helps me not to it. Loike.

7. To regulate; to adjiift.

W'.kd by the cries, th' Athenian chief arefe
The knightly formj of combat to difpoft.

D'rydrn's Fail,!.

8. ToDisposE o/". To apply to any. pur-
pofe ; to transfer to any otlicr ptrfon or
ufe.

All men are naturally in a ftaf^of perftft free-
dom to order their iftions, and </i/^»/i c/ their pof-
feflions and perfons, as they tlrink fit, within the
bounds of the law of nature. Loch.

V!fp(./c ofihe meat with the butler, or any other

'""•■y- s'wir.:

9. Te D I s PCS E ^. To put into the hands
of another. |

As r.-.c is mine, I may difp^fe of her ;
Which (liall b»-«itlicr to this gentleitun.
Or to Rer death. Sbahfptare.

I have difpojtd of hcT to a man of bufircl.5, who
will let her lee, that to be well drrlTed, in good
humour, and cliearful in her family, arc the art?
and Icjcnces of female lift Tai.'rt,

10. 7» Dispose e/. To give aWay by
authority.

A rural judge </if>MVc/"bcauty's prize. If^ailtr.

11. 7i Dispose e/^. To di reft.

The lot is cart into the lap; but the whole di/
poJiKg ihmef is of the Lord. Fre-virbi.

12. To Dispose of. To conduft; to be-
have.

D 1 S

They muft receive inftruftions how » difpoff if
tliemfelvcs when they come, which muft be in the
nature of laws unto them. Bacm tsViUUn.

13. reDisposE of. To place in any con-
didon.

For the remaining doubt,
What to refolve, and how difpofe nf mt.
Be warn'd to call that ufelefs care afide.

Drydttl'l FaL!u.

14. 7« Dispose 0/^. To put av/ay by any
means.

They require more water than can be found,

and more than can be dijpofrd of, if it was found,

<■ Burret.

To DisFo SE. t/. «. To bargain; to make
terms. Obfolete.

When (he faw you did fufpeft
She had difpos'd with Cafar, and that your rage
Would nit be purg'd. Ok fent word Ihe was deadi.

Siakefpiarfi.

Dispo !e. »./. [from the verbi]

1. Power; management; difpofal: witk
at or to.

All that is mine I leave at thy difpifei
My goods, my lands, my reputation. Shehfp,

It (hall be my talk
To render thee the Parthian at difpofi. Mi/ton.

Of all your goodnefs leaves to our difpaft.
Our liberty's the only gift we chuff.

Dryden' s Indian Emperor.

2. Diftribution ; aft of government; dlf-
penfation.

All is belt, though oft we doubt
What th' unfearchable d'ifpofe

Of higheft wifdom brings about.
And ever beft found in the dole. Milt. Agon.

3. Difpofition ; call of behaviour. Obfo-
lete.

He hath a perfon, and a fmooth d'ifpofe.
To be fulpedtcd ; fram'd to make women falfe.

Shai^fpcare'i Otbe/!n

4. Difpofition ; call of mind; inclination.
Obfolete.

He carries on the ftream of his difpofc
Without obCcrvancc or refpcft of any.
In will peculiar. Shakefp. Troii. and Crcffidt-^

Dispo'ser. H.f. [from d{ffafe.'\

1. Dillributor; dilpenfer; beftower.
The magillrate is both the besgar and the dif.

pojcr of what is got by begging.

Grcunt't Bills of Mormlitj^

2. Governor; regulator; diredlor.
I think myfelf obliged, whatever my private ip-

prchenlions may be of the fuccefs, to do my duty,
and leave event? to their difpftr. ^ ■ Btyle.

All the reafon of mankind cannot fuggeft any
f >lid ground of fatisfaftion, but in making that
God our friend, who is the abfolutc difpojir at all
things. South,

Would I had been d'fpofer of thy ftars;
Thou fliouldft have had thy wifli, and died in wars.

DrydiH.

3. One who takes from, and gives to>
whom he pleafes.

But brandilh'd hi^h, in an ill omen'd hour,
To thee, proud Caul, behold thy jufted fear,
'The raafter fword, difpofcr of thy pow'r. Prior.

Disposi'tion. n.f. [from dijpojitio, Lat.] .
I . Order ; m'ethod ; dillribution.

Touching mufical harmony, whether by inftru-
mcnt or voice, it being of high and low, in ini
proportionable d'ffofii'ioH, fuch notwithltanding is
the force thereof, and fo very pleafing efl'cdts it
hath, in tha^ very part of man which is moft di-
vine, that fomc have been thereby Induced to
think, that the foul itfrlf by nature is, or hath in
1t, harmony. Hulser.

Under this head of invent!.m is placed the difpo-
fiion of the work, to,put all things i(i a beautiful
Older and harrilony, that the whole may be of a
pi««« Dr-fMn't Dufrtfny, Briface.

4 A iaft

D 1 S

I Hk whertier the connexion of the extremes be
H.it mere clearly feen, in this fimplc and natural
d',/{Kfi:iati, than in the perplexed repetitions and
jumble of five or fi« fyliogifms ? Luh-

2. Natural fitnefs ; quality.

Refrangibility of the rays of light is their Jl/ftf-
Ktnn to be refrafled, or turned out of their wavr in
pacing out of one tranfparent body or medium
inro another. Kiwdn,

3. Tendency to any aft or ftate.

This argueth a great d'ljpcfitkn to puttefaSion in
the foil and air. Bf-cnt Njittrai IVO.ry.

Difftfilion is when the power and ability of do-
ing any thing is for^^ard, and ready upon cvciy
eccalion tu brcalc into a£lioD. Ln-ke.

Bleeding it to be ufed or omitted according to'
the fjmptnms which iH'cA the brain : it relieves
ill any inflammatory iifpijiuiii of the coat of the
nerve. jlrtuttntt en Dill-

4. Temper of mind.

I hive fuftercd more for their fakes, more than
the vlllanous inconftancy of man's Jilfj/ition is able
I tobear. Slr*kej}rarc.

Lefler had been
The thwarting? of your dijpojii'an, if
You hjd not (hew'd them liow you were difposM,
Eic tlicy lack'd power to crnfs you.

Shaief/iiart'i driolanui,

5. Affeftlon of kindnefs or ill-.will.

I take mylelf to be as well informed »s moft
men in the di/jK/ukns of each people towards the
other. , . Swijy.

6. Predominant inclination.

As they pinch one asother by the difptjitim, lie
Cries out, no more. Shahff. Anthony andClKpaira.

The love we bear to our friends is generally
caufed by our finding the fame dijfojiiion in them
which we feel in ourfelve:. - Fi>ft.

7. Affortment; adjuftment of external cir-
cumftances: not ufed.

I crave fit diffcfitum for my wife,
Due reference of place and exhibition,
As levels with her breeding. Shakefpeare^t Oibello.

D I s p o's I T 1 V E. adj. [ from difpofc.'] That
which implies difpofal of any property;

decretive.

The words of all judicial aflt are written narra-
tively, unlefs it be in fentenccs wherein difpifitivt
and cnafting terms are made ufe of. Ayliffii Par.
Dispo'siTivELY. ad'v. [horn di/po/itiw.]

1 . In a difpofitive manner.

2. Refpefting individuals ; diftributively.

That axiom in philofophy, that the generation
of one thing is the corruption of another, although
it be fubiiantially true, concerning the form and
matter, is alfo dijpojit'vvtly verified in the efficient
or producer. Breivn'i Vulgar Errouri.

i>ispo'siTOR. ». / [from di/j>o/e.] The

lord of that fign in which the planet is,

and by which therefore it is over-ruled.

To Disposse'ss. -v. a. [dii and paji/}.]

I. To put out of poffeffion ; to deprive ;

to difTeize.

The bl.iw from faddle forced him to fly ;
Elfe might it needs down to his manly bread
Have cleft his head in twain, and life thence dif-
prffi/l. Fairy £Jurra.

Thou iTialt hold the opinion of Pythagoras, ere
I will .1II0W of thy wits; and fear to kill a w.ioJ-
tock, left thou di/fjifi the foul of thy grandame.
^ Staktfpeari's Twtlfib Night.

Lerut fit upon the ground, and tell
How feme have been depos'd, fomc flaln in war,
Some haunted by the ghofts they d^fpcffep'J.

Siakrffurt'i Richard II.
I will chufc
Mine heir from forth the beggars of the world,
And Jifpof'/i her all. Sbahffrart't Timen.

In tiiee 1 hope ; ihy fuccours 1 invoke.
To win the crown whcat;e I am dlff-Jpfi'di
for like renown awaileth on the (troke,
T« *»• the baujhtj down, or raife lb" opprefs'd.

fai-fax.

•39-

MCi

D I S

The children went to Oilcad, ai>d took It, ind
ditfff'JI'd the Amorite which was in it.

J\'umb. xxxii
This inaecemblehigh ftrengt^, the feat
Ol Deity fupirme, us dijftjfcjidy
He ttuited to have feii'd.

ReHlefs Amata lay
Fii'd with difdain fir Tuinvt di/ftfcjl,
.■\iid the new nuptials of the Trojan ^iicft.

Drydeni.Mr.eid.

z. It is generally ufed with of before the
thing taken away.

Charles refolved, with a puiffant army, to pafe
over, aud Co </t/*#/s the pirate 0/ Tunis.

"■" Knollett Sipry.

No pow'r (hall idjptpfi
Afy thoughts (i/"that eipjacd happincfs. Denbam.

.0 faireft of .ill creatures, laft and bell
Of whit heaVn made, how art thou dif/cJi^yVd
0/all ihy native glories! Dryd. State if Jmcurtre.
Nothing can create more trouble tu a man than
to endeavour to dijfi0t liim »/ this con'^^i?-

3. Formerly with yre»».

They arrogate dominion undeferv'd
Over their brethren, and quite dijfnjfijs
Concord and law of nature /rora thi; earth. WJl.

It will be faund a work of no fmall difficulty to
J:Jpc//ij'i and throw out a vice fnm that heart,
where long pofl'effion begins to plead prcfcription.

Stulh.

Dispo'suRE. n.f. [from diJ]<ofe.']

1. Difpofal J government; power; ma-
nagement.

In his lyj/ft/urf is the orb of earth.
The throne of kings, and all of human birth. Satid.

They quietly forrendered both it and themfclvcs
to his difpifurt. Sandys': Jiurr.ey.

Whim they murmur againft the prefent dijfejure
of things, they do tacitly defire in them a dittor-
mity from the primitive rule, and the idea of that
mind that formed all things beft.

Brnvn't Vulgar^rrours.

2. State ; pofture.

They remained in a kind of warlike difpsfuri, or
perhaps little better. fVoiloi.

Dispra'ue. n.f. [disnadfrai/e.] Blame ;
cenfure ; diflionour.

If I can do it
By aught that I can fpcak in his difpraifi.
She (hall not long continue love to him. Sbakeff.

To me reproach
Rather belongs, diftrutt, and ail diffraifi. Miltun.

Nothing is here for Sears, nothing to wail
Or knock the brcafl^s; nowcakncfs ; no contempt,
Difpraiji, or blame. Milton'! Agenijies.

I need not raife

Trophies to thee from other men's dlfpraift. Denb.

Looks fright not men : the general has feen Moor?

With as bad faces ; no difpraife to Bei tran's. Dryd.

If any writer (hall do this paper f» much honour

as to infcribe the title of it to others, the whole

praifc or difpraife of fuch a performance will belong

to fome other author. Addjon.

My faults will not be hid, and it \% no difpraift

to me that they will not: the clearnefs of ones

mind is never better proved than in difcovering its

own faults. '''f-

To Dispra'ise. 1;. a. [f^tm the noun.]

To blame ; to cenfure ; to condemn.

In prailiug Anthony, 1 've dijprais'd Ca-far.

Shr.krfpeare.

No ibufe, Ned, in the world; honeft Ned,

none: I difpraifid him before the wicked, that the

wicked roisht not fall in love with him; in which

doing, I have done the part of a careful friend.

Sbaiejptart'i Uiiuy IV.

The criticks, while they like my ware;, may

dtjpraif: my writing. Spcliatar.

Dispra'iser. n.f. [from difpraife.'] A

cenfurer; one who blames. Diii.

Dispra'isiple. adj. [from difprni/i]

Unworthy of commendation. Di^.

D I S

DlSPRAl'siNOLY. ad'v. [from tfi/jirai/i.l
With blame ; with cenlure.

Michael Caflia!
That came a wooing with you ; many a time.
When I have fpoke of you dijfreifmgly,
H.ith ta'en your part. Sbaiefpearc't Olhfll),

To Dispre'ad. 1'. a. \_dis ind ff read. ]
To fpread different ways. In this word,
and a few others, dh has the fame force
as in Latin compofiiion, and means,
different ways; iii different direftioas.
This word is poeticaL

As morning fun her beams difpreaden clear.
And in het face fait tcuth and mercy doth appeaf.

Sferjir.
Over him, art, (laving to compare
With nature, did an arbour green dijfriad,

Fjamed of wanton ivy, flowing tair.
Through which the fragrant eglantine did fpreaJ
His pricking arms, entrail'd with roles ;ed. Spenftrr

Above, below, around, with »rt difpread.
The furc inclofurc folds the genial bed.

Fife's OdyJ/ry,

D I s p R o'f I T. n.f. [dh and profit. "[ Lofs ;
damage ; detriment. Di3.

DisPRo'oF. n.f. [dis znd proof] Con-
futation ; conviftion of errour or falfe-
hood.

His remark contains the grounds of his dodrinr,
and oflers at foraewhat towards tlie difprcaf of
mine. Atieriuiy.

I need not offer any thing farther in fupport of
one, or in dij'pmf of the other. jiagert,^

To DiSPRo'pERTY. 'V. a. [dis and /m-
pertj.] To difpoffefs of any property.

Dia^

Dis.propo'rtion. It. f. [dis Sind propor-
tion.] Unfuitablenefs in form or quan-
tity of one thing, or one part of the fame
thing, to another ; want of fymmetry i
difparity.

Not to aflfciSl many propofed matches
Of her own clime, complexion, and degree.
Whereto we fee in all things nature tends :
Foh I one may fmell, in fuch, a will moft rank.
Foul di/frcfiirticn, thoughts unnatural.

Sbaktfpeare's Olttllot.
Reafoning, I oft admire
How nature, wife and frugal, could commit
Such difprepcniom ; with fuperfiuous hand
So many nobler bodies to create.
Greater, fu many fold, to this one ufe. Mi/ton^
Perhaps, from greatnefs, (late and pride.
Thus furprifed, Ihe may fall :
Sleep does difpr&portion hide.
And, death refembling, equals all. Wallert

For their (Ircngth,
The difpripcrllon is fo great, we cannot but
Experf a latal conlcquence. Derbam's Seftft

What did the liquid to th' afTcmbly cill,
To give their aid to form the pond'rous ball ?
Firft tell us, why did any come ? next, why
In fuch a diffrcpirtmi to the dry ?

Blaekmcre's Creation^.
That we are defigncd for a more exalted happi-
nefs thaa can be der'.vcd from the things of iWn
life, we .may infer (lom their vaft drfproportian to
the deljtes and c<pacitics of our foul. Rogeri,

To DispROPo'ftTiON. v. a. [from the
noun.] 'I'o mifmatch ; to join thing*
unfuitable in quantity or form ; to join
unfitly.

There fits deformity to mock my body,
To ihape my legs of an unequal fije.
To dijp'ipirti:!! mc in every part. Shak'fpeare,

Diflance and men's fears have fo enlarged the
truth, and io dijfriipcrtiintd every tiling, that we
have made the little troop of difcontents a gallant
army, and already meafuted'by the evening (ha-
dow'. Suck.'hj;*

• Mutck

D I S

Mufick craveth your ncquaintance i many are
of luch <i)ffrtforikj!cd fpiritsj that they avoid her
company. Ptacbam.

Wc on earth, with ondifcording voice.
May rightly anfwe.- that melodious na'ik ;
As once we did, tin dijipnfortian'j fin
Ja.-r'd Jgainft natuie's' chime. AfHrat!.

. Pispropo'rtjonable. aJJ. [from </ry-
proporlior.] Unfuitable in form or quan-
tity ; not duly regulated in regard to
fomething elfe.

Doubts and fcjrs are the fliarpeft paflions :
through thefe tslfe opticks all that y lu fee is like
th= cv.ning fli.idov.f, di/frr/orthttail't to the truth,
and feangely longer than rhc true fubflance.

St/ci/iiig.

Had the okliquity been greater, the earth had not
been able to endure the d-ffrcfcrtktiaUcilffcrcacci
of feafon. »,/»,„-

We are apt to fet too great a value on temporal
bleflings, and have too low and difbrol-orMraiU
ertecm of fpiritual. " Smalndge.

There u no wine of fo ftrong a body as to bejr
fuch a diffrofcrtkreble quantity of water as fixty

DiSPROPO RTIONABLENE.SS. »./ [from

_ dij}rof.orthnahle. ] Unfuitablenefs to

fomething elfe.
Dispr.oco'rtionably. ad-v. [from dif.

frcponion.'] Unfuitably ; not fymme-

trically.
We have no reafon to think much to facri6ce to

God our deareft interrfts in this world, if wc con-

fider how diffriftiriionahly great the reward of our

luftenngs fiiali be in another. Tilki'm.

Dispropo'rtional. a,:j. [from diffro-

/orticu.] Difproportionable ; unfymme-

trkal ; unlunable in quantity or form to

fomething elfe.
Dispropo'rtionally. ad'v. [from d/f-

froport tonal.] Unfuitably with refpca to

quantity or value.
Disf ropo'rtionat^. adj: [from dif.

proportion.')^ Unfymmetrical ; unfuitable

to Something elfe either in buUc, form,

or value.
None of our members are crooked or diftorted

or diffrcftnknau to the reft, cither in excefs or de-

.fca. Ray

It is plain that men have agreed f o a i^ftro/,, .-„„ '

Mt and unequal polTeflion of the earth. Lcckc.

Dispropo'rtiOnately.Wi;. [horn dif.
propsrticnau.] Unfuitably; unfymme-
trically.

Dispropo'rtionateness. a./, [from
difprcporiionaie.] Unfuitablenefs in bulk
form, or value. '

y-! DispRo'vE. T/. a. [Ji! and/rcw.l
I. To confute an afTertion ; to convift of
crrour or falfchood.

This cxr<.(ition they plainly rf^,^ ^„j ft,^.
by manilc I reafon, that of Uavfd the words o,
David could not poflibly be meant. Hioka^

rh.s Wfftmoreland maintains.
And Warwick !hM dijpro-v, it. i>hak.Jp,art.

1 lie traitor's odious name
I ftrft return, and then dijfrmt thy claim.

I. ■ , „ Dry den's Fahla.

'rlTfX< 'r ''^'"'."'an to d\jfr^,. Holder.
ihat falfe fuppofition I advanced in order to

.feofl'ri'n:' "' •"" '"""• " ''™"itr ■ '

We fee the fame afTertions produced ^JxT,-. ithi
«.t ,«rt,ce of what bash been liid to d./ro-",' ^u[t.

2. To convift a praftice of errour. ''°''''

a«d rLr^r'^"^'' ''';''E^'''/r'«"/. difannulled,

licf/ktr.

D I S

D I S,

If God did not forbid all indiffarsntteremonie),
tiicn our conformity with the church of Rome h:

.-u :. _.. 1-.! ._ _ .-^ f.: ,

feme fuch is not hitherto a> yet dijfrirved, i
though papiiis were uino us as heathens were unto
Ifrael. _ Hooker.

3. To difapprove ; to difallow.

Sume things are good, yet in io mean a degree
of goodncff, that men arc orly not diffiwed, nor
difailoved cf God for thjm. Hocktr.

D 1 s p R o'v E R . a. /. [from di/pro^e. ]

1. One that difproves or confutes.

2. One that blames ; a cenfurer : if the
following paiTage be not ill printed for
difapprcver.

1 lie tingle example that our annals have yielded
of tw.i extremes, wHhin fo fli.rr time, by moft of
the fame cooimendcrs and difpryvfrs, would re-
quire no flight memorial. fk'i.iior:.
Dispu'kishable. adj. [dis Mi pioiijh-
al'U.] Without penal reftraint.

No leafes of any part of the faid lands (hall ever
•be made, other than Icafes fnr years not exceeding
thirty-one, in pofrcffion, ?nd not in rcverfion or
rcmamder, and not difpunyhabli of waje.

, Siuifrsunmn.

To Dispu RSE. 'v. a. {dis a.nA pur/e.l To
pay ; to diiburfe. It is not certain that
the following paffage (hould not be writ-
ten dijhur/ej

Mjny a pound of my own proper ftnre,
Becaufc 1 would not tax the needy common'!.
Have J dij'furfcd to the garrifon';.
And never a(k"d for reftitution. Shak. lien. VI.
Dispu'tabi.e. adj. [from difpute.']

1. Liable to contell; controvertible; that
for which fomething may be alleged on
oppofite fides.

If they are not in themfelves dtfputaUe,vihy arc
they (0 mucii diCputcd ? " Siuth.

2. Lawful to be contefted.

Until any point is determined to be a law, it re-
mains diji-utahU by every fubjcO. Unvifi.

Di'spuTAKT. »./ [from difpute; dijpu-
taits, Latin.] A controvenift ; an ar-

• guer ; a reafoner.

Natwithlranding thefe learned Sfptnantt, it was
to the unlcholaftick fta^cfman that'the world owed
their peace, defence, and liberties. Lakt.

Our dijfutants put me in mind of the /liutiit
fifli, that, when he is unable to extricate himfelf,
blackens all the water about him till he becomes
'7''"'''''=- Sfcfianr.

Disputant, adj. Difpnting; engaged
in controverfv. Not in ufe.

Thou there waft found
Among the graveft rabbles, difputant
On points and qucftions fiiting'Mofes' chair. M\It.

Disputa'tion. n. /. [from di/putatio,
Latia. J

1. The fkill of controverfy ; argumenta-
tion,

Confiderwhat the learning of difputation is, and
how they arc emplo;ed for the advantage of them-
felves or others, whole bufinefs is only the vain
oftcntation of founds. Loiki.

2. Controverfy; argumental conteft.

Well do 1 find, by the wife knitting together of
your anfwer, that any di/fmaticn I can ulc is as
much loo weak as I unworthv . Sidney.

Till foir.e admirable or uiufual accident hap-
pens, as It hath in fome, to work the beginning 01
a better alteration in the mind, dijpu,,ithn abiut
the knowledge of Ood commonly prevaileth little.

Hid

Disputa'tious. adj. [From di/pute.] In-
clined to difpiue ; cavilling.

A ii.an muft be of a very diJpur^iUus temper,
that enters into ft.itc controverfics wivh any of the
'*" '"• ^djfon.

Dispu'tative. adj. [from difpntf.] Dif-
pofed to debate ; argumentative.

l'crhaps,this praftice might not fo eafily be per-
verted, as to raifeacaviHingjf/j'/a.-arwc, a;idlVcp-
tical temper in the minds of youth.

IVatt'i Improvemcnf of the Mind,

TiDISPU'TE. -v. n. [dtfputa, Latiii.J To
contend by argument ; to akercite ; to
debate ; to argue ; to coutrovcit.

It attempts of the pen have often proved unfit,

thole of the fword are m«Te fr>, »r.J fighting is a

woife expedient than difpuling. Decay ofPiefy.

_Ths athejit can pietend no obligation "of con-

fcicncc, why he Ihould difpule againit rQiigion.

Did not Paul and Bajnabas diipute with vehe-
mence about a very little point of convcniency ?
rr- T> y /bterbury.

Yo DisPU T£. <v. a. ■

1. To contend for, whether by words Or
adion.

I'hings were difputed before they came to be d«-
termincd : men afterwafds were not to difpute any
longer, but toobey. Umkcr.

So di/pute the prize,
As if you foughr before Cydaria's eyes.

Drydtns Indian Etfjperorm,

One fays the kingdom is his own: a Saxoix

drinks the quart, and fvvears he'll diffute that with

2. To queition ; to reafon about.

Now 1 am fcnt, and am nut to difpule
My prince's orders, but to execute. Dryd, Ind. Emf.

3. To dilcufs; to think on: a fcnfe not in
ufe.

Difpute it like a man.

1 (h»ll dofo^

But I muft alfo feel It as a man. Shakefp. Mad.
Dispu'te. n.f. [from the verb.]

Conteft; controverfy; arguracntal con-
tention.

The queflion being about a faS, it is begging it,
to bring as a proof an hypothefis which is the very
thing in dijpute. i^^j,;^

The earlfc is now plac-d fo conveniently, that
plrnts thrive and flouri/h in it, and animals live:
this is matter of dH, and beyond all dijpule.

Beniliy.
Di s p u't e r. e ss. adj. [from difpute.] Un-
difputcd ; uncontrovertible. Dia.

Dispu'ter. n. f. [from difpute.] A con-
trovenift ; one given to argument and
oppofition.

B )th were vehement difputirs againft the hea-
then idolatry. StiUingPtt.

Thefe conclufions have generally obtained, and
have been acknowledged even by difpuien thcm-
(cJves, till with labour they had ftifled tlieir con-
^'^'••"«- Roger,.

Di s Qu A L I F 1 1 a't 1 0 N . «./. [from difjua-
lify.] That which dilqualilies ; that
which makes unfit.

Il is recorded as a fulhcicnt dif<fitaTificarKn of a
wife, that, fpcaking of her hulband, ftie faid,
God forgive him. SpeSlator.

r*DiS(iUA'LiPr.-j. a. [dis and fW/^-.]
I. To make unfit ; to difable by fome na-
tural or legal impediment.

Such pcrtiiis as fliall confer benefices on un-
wonhy and difqualijiid pcrfons, after a notice or
correction given, (hall for that turn be deprived 0/
the power of prcfenting unto fuch benefices.

■/iyliffc'i Parirgen.

z. It has commonly /ar before tlie objec-
tive noun.
1 know no employment for which pietv </'/inj- '

'•■^'': ' sZif,.

My common illnefs utterly diffua/i/ln me for all ,
convcifationj 1 mean my deafnsfs, Stvift.

4 A a 3. T«

D I S

3. To deprive of a right or claim by feme
pofitive rettriftion; 10 difable; to ex-
cept from any grant. Swiji has /row.

The chuich of England i> tne only body of
Chriftians wliich dijjuslfoi thofe, who are em-
plcyeS to prrich its doa.-inc, from (baring ia the
civil jovKT, farther than as fenatort.

Sivsfi n tbe Sacramitilal Trft.

Vo Disqoa'ntity. -v. a. [dii and quatt-

tiey.} Toleffen; to dimini(h. Not ufed.

Be entreated
Of fifty to difjusnlilj your train ;
And the remainder*, that (hal! ftill depend,
Tn be fu'-h men as may befort your age. Staie/f.
DiSQyi'ET. »./ [Jii and quiet.] Unea-
finefs; reftleffnefs ; Want of tranquillity ;
vexation ; dillurbance ; anxiety.

He that, upon a true principle, lives without
iny Jifquiei o( thought, may be faid to be happy.

VEfirange.

1£ we give way to our paflions, we do but gratily

ourfelves for the prefent, in order to our future

Jifyaitt. ' Tilhtfm.

I bad rather live in Ireland thftn under the tre-

•uent Jifiuitii of hearing you are out of order.

Swi/i.

Dis<yji'ET. adj. Unquiet j iineafy j rel-
iefs.

1 pray you, huiband, be not iifyuUt;
The meat was well if you were fo content.

Shaielptart.

7i Disqui'et. -c. a. [from the noun.]
To dillurb ; to make uneafy ; to ha-
rafs ; to vex ; to fret ; to deprive of
tranquillity.

The proui Roman him difjuitttd. Fairy S}ute».

WJxy art thou fo vexed, O my foul? and why
«tt tbou f^ difyuieted within rae ? P/.i/.-b.

By anger and impatience the mind is d\[qukted,
aasi i« not able eaUly to compofe itfelf to prayer.

Thou, happy creature, art fecure
Prom all the torments we endure;
Delpair, amh'.tion, jealoufy.
Loft friends, nor love, difqtiiiti thee. R'fccm.

Disqui'bter. n. f. [from di/quiet.'] A

difturber ; a haraifcr. -
Disqui'etly. adv. [ from di/quiet. J

Without reft ; anxioufly ; uneafily ;

without calmnefs.

Treachery, and all ruinous djfordcrs, follow us
•Jiffuittly to our graves. Stakcffear'i King Lter.
He refted dUquiriiy that night ; but in the morn-
ing 1 found bim cjlm. JVif.mtn.
DistyJi'ETNEts. n.f. [from di/quiet.] Un-
eafinefs ; reftleflhefs ; anxiety ; diilurb-

ancc.

All otherwife, faid he, T riches rede,
And deem ihcm root of all difjuirituji. Fa:ry ^.

Arlos won to blml'tlf borh followers and great
^fendersj whereupon much difjuiHnifi enfued.

Ilaekfr.

Diiqvi'tTVBt.tt./. [fromdi/quUf.^Vn-
ealinefs ; anxiety j dillurbance ; want of
tranquillity.

Little happincfs attends a great charaAer, and
to a multitude of d'lijiiUiiidtt the d:lirc of it fuk-
jefls an ambitious nVii.d. AJdiJoni Sfeautcr.

•Tis the bed prefervative froin all thofe ternpo-
ral fears and dijijuifiuJit, which corrupt tlie enjoy-
ment, and embitter the lives, of men. Rogtri.

Duquisi'tion. «./. [di/juiJtiio,Lmn.]
Examination ; difputativc enquiry.

God hath relc.vei many things to his o;vn refo-
lution, whofe d jnrrinations we cinmt hope from
flcfli: but with reverence mu.t fufpend unto that
great day, whole }ufti«c (hall either co.idemn our
curiofity, cr ref dve our dijquifl cm. Brrain.

•Tis indeed the proyer place for this d^quifitki:
agajceiiung the antediluvian earth.

U'ttdvuuJ I Natural Bi/lery.

D I S

The royal fociety had a good efftft, ts it turned
many of the greateft geniufes of that age to the
difyuifilhui of natural knowledge. Mdif. SftHater.

The nature of animal diet may be difcoveicd
by tafte, and other fenfible qualities, and fime ge-
neral rules, without particular dijq:i'if'thn upon
every kind. ArbulhiKt.

To Disra'nk. 1;. a. [dit and rani.] To
degrade. from his rank. J5/''?.

Disreca'rd,/!./. [dij and regard.] Slight
notice; ncgledl ; contempt.

Tc Disreca'rd. v. a. [from the noun.]
To flight; to negleft ; to contemn.

Since we are to do good to the poor, to ftran-
gtrs, to enemies, thofe whom nature is too apt to
make us defpifc, difregard, or hate, then undoubt-
edly we are to do good to all. Sfralt.
Thofe falls which God hath dijrcgarded hitherto,
he may regard for the time to come. Smahidgr.

Studious of good, man. difngarjed favtK,
And ufeful knowledge was his eldell aim. Bbchm.
DisRECA'RtJFUL. adj. [di/regard aixd/u/l. ]

Negligent ; contemptuous.
Disrega'rdfully. adv. [from di/re-
gard/uL] Negligently; contemptuoufly.
IDisre'lish. k./. [dis and refijh.]

1. Bad tafte; naufeoufnefs.

Oft they aflay'd,
H<inger and thirft condraining; drugg'd as oft
With hitefulleft difrdi/b, writh'd their jaws
With foot and cinders fiU'd. Milrcx.

2. Diflike of the palate ; fqueamilhnefs.

Bread or tobacco may be negleded, where they
are fliewn npt to be ufeful to health, becaufe of an
indifferency or d'ljrcl'ip to them. Locke.

TaDisRE'LiSH. If. a. [from the noun.]

1 . To make naufeous ; to infeft with an
unpleafant tafte.

Fruits of tafte to pleafe
True appetite, and not dijrrl'ip thirftt
Of ncftarousdraughts between, from milky ftteam.

The fame anxiety and folic'tude that embittered
the purfuit, difrrnpes the fruition itfelf. Rcgcn.

2. To want a tafte of; to diflike.

The world is become too bufy for me : every
body is fo concerned for the publick, that all pri-
vate enjoyments are loft, or difrclj/btd. Pope,
Disreputa'tion. n./. [dis and re/>uta-

tion.]
1. Difgrace ; diflionour.

1 will tell you what was the courfe In the happy
days of queen Elizabeth, whom it is no difrtfiitii
.•■«» ti folljw. _ Baccii.

z. Lofs of reputation ; ignominy.

The king fearing left that the bad fuccefs might
difcourage his people, and bring difrtyutaum to
himfelf, forbad any report to be made. Hay-vaid.

Gluttony is not of fo great difrefummn amongft
men as drunkennefs. Taylor's Holy L'miig.

Disrepu'te. n. /■ [dis and repute.] Ill
character ; diflionour ; want of reputa-
tion.

H )W ftudioufly did they call a flur upon the
king's perfon, and bring his governing piinolplcs
unjcr a dijrepuit. Souili.

DisRESpr/cT. n.f. [dis and re/pe3.] In-
civility ; want of reverence; irreverence ;
an aft approaching to rudencfs.

Any dijrtifid to aft^ of ftate, or to the perfons
of ftatcfmen, was in no time more penal. Clarer.d.

Ariftotle writ a methodical difcourfe concetninfj;
thefe arts, chuling a certain benefit before the ha-
zard that might acBTtJe from the vain dijrtfptfis of
ignorant perfons. ty'tlkint.

What is more ufual to warriours than impatience
of bearing the Icaft atfront or d'ljrtjftH f Pope.
"QMrni? t CTT V i-.adj .[dijre/peS iVydfull .]
Irreverent ; uncivil

D I S

Disrejpe'ctfullt. adv. [from Jl/rt'
fpiBful] Irreverently ; uncivilly.

Wc cannot believe our pofterity will think fo

dijrejpteifully of their great grandmothers, as that

they made uiemfelves mon.lrous to appear amiable.

yidd Jin's Speflalor,

To Disro'be. v. a. [dis and robe,] To-
undrefs ; to uncover ; to ftrip.

Thus wiien they had the witch dijroied quite.
And a!l her filthy feature open ihown,
They let her go at will, and wander ways un-
known. Sj'tnjer,
Kill the villain ftraight,
Dijrobe him of the matchlefs monument.
Thy father's triumph o'er the favagcs.

Shakefpearc s King yobn.

Thefe two great peers were difroktd of their

glory, the one by judgment, the other by violence.

Wmion,
'Who will be prevailed with to dijrdie himfdf ac
once of all his old op'mions, and pretences to know-
ledge and learning, and turn himfelf out ftark na-
keJ in queft afrefli of new notions .' Locke,

DisRu'pTiON. n.f. [di/ruflio, Latin.]
I . The ad of breaking afunder.

This I'ccures them frim di/nption, which they
would be in danger >of, upon a fuJien ftretch or
contortion. ' Say,

I. Breach ; rent ; dilaceration.

The agent which eft'adtcd this dlfrnpthn, and
diflocation of die ftrata, was fcated with n thi
eattli. Woodward,

If raging winds invade the atmofphere,
"Their force its curious tc«ure cannot tear.
Nor make dij'rap.'icn in the tiiieads of air. Blackm, .

Dissatisfa'ction. n.f. [dis and fat if-
faaion.] The ftate of being diflatisfied; '
diCcontent ; want of fomething to com-
plete the wifli.

He that changes his condition, out of impa-
tience and diffatUfaHion, when he has tried a new
one, wilhes fur his old again. L'EJirange.

The ambitious man has little happinefa, b^c is.>
fubjedfto much uneafincfs and dUfa:itfa3ioK.

' Mdijons SpfBator,

In viin wc try to remedy the defefts ot our ac-
quifition, by varying the objcft : the fame diffaiif-
fiillhn purfucs us through the circle of rreatcd
goods. ','• .1 Rogm,

Dissatisfa'ctoriness. n.f. [fromd.f-.

falisfaSlory.] Inability to give content.
Dissatisfa'ctor V. adj. [ from diffa—

tisfy.] That which is u.iable to give.

content. "
To Dissa'tisfy'. 'u. a. [dis axidfatisfj.\^ ■

1 . To difcoiitent ; to difpleafe.
• The advantag s of life will not hold out to tti«
Isrgth of dcfirc; and, fincc thry are not big enough,
to fatisfy, they fliould not be big enough to ifrt'i-
tisfy. Collier,

2. To fail to pleafe.; to offend by the
want of fomething requifite.

I ftill retain fome of my n-Jtims, after your
lordlhip's hiving appeared d'tffawjifi with them.
,1 ' > Locke,

To DISSte'CT. -v. a. [difeco, Latin.]

1. To cut in pieces. It is ufed chiefly of
anatomical enquiries, made by fepara-
tion of the parts of animal bodies.

>T ■' I ;ric!;, no I'av^^ur, no rcfcrvc ; ,

/', I d, examine evtry nerve. Sofcu},

i„ ^ i:c in creatures we (i/^<5?, •

We lofe it in. the moment we dete«. Pope,

2. To divide and examine minutely.

Th s paragraph, that has not one ingenuous word
throughout, 1 have dijpfitd f.ir a fample. ..^tttrh,

Disse'ctjon. n.f. [diffeSio, Latin.]
I. The aft of feparating the parts of ani-
mal bodies ; anatomy.

D I S

She cut her np; but, upon iht^JJelJion, found
hrrjuft like other hens. VZfirange.

I (hall enter upon the clijftP.hn of a coquet's
heart, and communicate that curious piece of ana-
tomy. Add'ifm*
2. Nice examination.

Such ftiidl enquiries into nature, fo true and fo
perfefl a Jj/pfficn of human kitd, is the work of
extraordir.aiy diligence. Granvil/i.

To DISSE'IZE. -v. a. \iijfeifer, French.]
To difpoiTel's ; to deprive. It is com-
monly uied of a legal adit.

He lo JiJJiizid of bis. griping grofs.
The knight his thrilUnt Ipear again aflay'd
In his brafs-plated body to embofs. Fairy S^ecv.
If a prince ihouli give a man, befide^ his an-
cient patrimony which his family had been dif-
faz.:d of, an additional eftate, never before in Ihe
polfeilion of his anceAors, he could not be faid to
re-cftablifc lineal fucctflion. Lickc.

Uisizins. It./, [from d:jfeijir, French.]
An unlawful dilpoffeffing a man of his
land, tenement, or other immoveable or
incorporeal right. CotMeU.

Disse'izor. n.j. [from Jifeizt.} He that
difpofleffes another.

To DISSE'MBLE. f. a. [diftmulo, Latin ;
femblanct, d'JJemblance, and probably dij-
Jembter, in old French.]
* 1. To hide under falfe appearance; to
conceal ; to pretend that not to be which
really is.

She anfwered, that her foul was God's; and
touching her faith, as fbe could not change, fo (he
would nut rfi^emWe it. Hayward*

2. To pretend that to be which is not.
This is not the true ligiiification.

Your fon Luccniio
Doth love my daughter, and Ihe loveth him.
Or both diJfemhU deeply their alfe£lions. Staktff.

In vain on the dj^embled mother's tongue
Had cunning art and fly perfuafi on hung j
And real care in vain, and native love,
Inthetrue patent'spantingbreailhadftiove. Pr'wr.
To Disse'mble. f. w.
1. To play the hypocrite ; to ufe falfe pro-
ikflions ; to wheedle.

y e dijfcmiitti in your heart! when ye feat me unro
thel'itd your Cod, faying, Pray for us,

Jirimiab, xlii. zo.
I would JyjimUfviith ray nature, where
My fortures, and my friends, at Itakc, required
I Dioiiid do fo in honour. Sbakejpeare'i Ccrkfartut*

Thy funflion too will varnuh o'er oar ans.
And fandity diffemiUng. Rmit'i Ami. Si^m.
a. Shakejpeare ules it for fraadulent ; on-
performing.

1 that am curtail'd of this fair proportion.
Cheated of feature by d'l^rmliUnt natuit,
Deform'd, unfinifli d. ^hak-^cart' i Richard IW.

Disse'mbler. n.f. [from dijfemkle.'\ An
hypocrite ; a man who conceals his true
difpofition.

Tbou dcfi wrong me, thou diJfemliUr, thou.

^baltjptart.

The French king, in the bufinefs of peace, was

the greater diffmhitr of the two. Bac, Hinry Vll.

Such an one, whofe virtue forbiddeth him to be

bafe and a diffimUir, (hall evermore hang under the

mbeel. Reltigh.

The queen, with rage infl.im'd, ^
Thus^reets him : Thou dijfrmhiir, wouldft thou fly
Out of my arms by Health ? Dtntam.

Men will tiuft po farther than they judge a per-
fon lot finccrity fit to be truftcd : a difcovercd dij-
Jimtlir can achieve nothing great and confiderable.

South.

DissE'MBiiNfcLy. adv: [from diJimiU.]
With diliimulation ; hypocritically.

D I S

They might all have been either eHJl'mHingly
fpoken, or fa'fely reported of the equity of the bar-
barous king. Kmlla.

ro DISSE'MlNATE.-v.a. [//|^;7i/«o,Lat.]
To fcatter as feed ; to fow ; to fpread
every way.

Ill ufes ate made of it many times in flirting up

feditions, rebellions, in dijpminat'n^gof htrtfifi, and

infufing of prejudices. Hammond^s Fuvdumetitals.

There is a nearly uniform and conflant fire or

•heat diffeminmeJ throughout the body of the earth.

H^codxvcrdt

The Jews are indeed diJ/emiKated throagh aii the

trading parts of the world. Addifoni Sprdiiter,

By firmnefs of mind, and f:eedom of ficech,

the gofpel was dijfimtiattd at firft, and muft flj'l b;

maintained. Ailirbury,

Dissemin.'i'tion. n.f. [dijfeminatio, La-
tin.] The aft of fcattering like feed ;
the a6l of fowing or fpreading.

Though now at the greateft dirtancc from the
bcgirning of errour, yet we arc aloiift loft in its
dijffminaiiffn, whofe ways are boundlcfs, and confefs
no circumfcription. Sr-nvn.

Dissemina'tor. «.y; [dijfcminatcr, Lat.]
He th.tt fcatters ; a fcatterer ; a fower ;
a fpreader.

Men, vehemently thirfting after a name in tlie
world, hope to acquire it by being the dijjemlnaton
of novel dodlrines. Decay of Piety.

DISSE'NSION. n. /. \_diJferflo. Latin.]
Difagreemsnt ; ftrife ; difcord ; con-
tention ; difference ; quarrel ; breach
of union.

Friend now, faft fworn,
Whofe hours, whofe bed, whofe meal," whofe ex-

ercifc.
Are dill together ; who twine, as 'twere, in love
Unfeparablc, Ihall within this hour.
On a dijjitfioti of a doit, break out
To bittereft enmijr. Sbaiefptari'i Coriohttui.

Now join your hands, and with your hands youi
hearts ,
That no difftxfion hinder government, Shfiktjfcare.
He appealed the d.Jfinfinn then arifing abjut re-
ligion. KtmlUt.

Grown ^

In wealth and multitude, fadtious they grow ;
But firft among the priefts difftnfiov fprings. Milt.

Debates, dijpnjion}, uproars arc thy joy;
Provok'd without offence, and piaflis'd to dertroy.

Diydett
Disse'nsious. adj. [from diJenfSon.'] Dif-
pofcd to dL'cord j quarrelfome ; factious ;
contentious.

Either in religion they have a diffiifoui head,
or in the commonwealth a fa^ious heiJ.

AJcharni Sih-^oh-ajitr,
Who are they that complain unto the king
That I am ttern? They love his grace but lightly.
That fill his earl with fuch dijfcnfisus rumouis,

Sbak!\f<ari.
Von differfiais rogues,
That rubbing the poor itch of your opinion,
M-ike yourfdves fcabs. Siaktpcare'i Coriolanux,

To DISSE'NT. -v. n. [djJfe„i-:o, Latin.]
I, To difagree in opinion; to tivink in a
contrary manner.

Let ine not be any occafion to defraud the puh-
lick ' f what is belt, by any mOrofc or perverfe
diffiniitigi. King Char In.

What crneltv of heathens has not been mi'.ch-
ed by the inhumanity of dijftming Chrlft!ans.>

Dnay cf Piety.

There are many opinions in which multitudes
of men difint from us, who ate as good and wife
as ourfclves. Addifn.

a. To differ ; to be of a contrary nature.

We fee a general agreement in the fecret opi-
nion of men, that every man ought to embrace
the religion which is true, and t« fliuo, aa hurt-

D I S

ful, whatever dijinteth from if, but that tnoh
which doth fartheft dhjent, Hocker.

3. To differ from the eftabliilied church.

How will dl/fenting brethren relifli i"
What will malig:iants fay ? Hudibrau

Disse'nt. n.f. [from the verb.]

1. Diiagreemcnt ; difference of opinion;
declaration of difference of opinion.

In propofitions, where though die prooft in
view are of moft nio:Tient, yet there are grounds
to fufpeft that there is proof as confiderable to
be produced on the contrary fidej there fufpenfe
or diluent are voluntary actions. Lticke,

Wh<u could be the reafon of this general di£int
from the notion of the refurreftjon, feeing that
almoft all of them did believe the immortality of
the foul?' BentLy'i Sermuns.

2. Contrariety of nature; oppofite qua-
lity. Not in ufe.

'ihe diff'tnts of tlie mcnftrual or ftrong waters
may hinder the incorporation, as well as the diJTent
of the metals. Therefore v/hcre the menlt.ua
are the {xrv>t^ and yet the incorporation fuiloweth
not, the dijjint is in the metals. Buccn,

Dissenta'neous. adj. [from d.Jfent.'\
Dlfagrceable ; inconfillent ; contrary.

Disse'ntkr. n.f. [from di£ent.'\

1. One that difagrees, or declares his ^if-
agreement, from an opinion.

1 hey will aauijt of matter of faCi, and agree
with dijj'ctitcri in that; but differ only in allignin^
of reatons. n Locke,

2. One who, for whatever reafi:is, rcfufes
the communion of the EiigKlli church.

Dissrrta'tion. n.f. [di^ertcitio, Latin.] .
A difcourfe ; a dilquifitiori ; a trcKtiJe.

Plutarch, in h^s dtjfe'tatiofi upon the Poets,
quotes an inftance of Homer's judgment in doling
a ludicrous fcenc with decency ana nuti-u^ion.

Broome 9ft the Odyjfey,

To Disse'rve. 'V. a. [dis andfefve.] To
do injury to ; to mifchicf ; to damage ;
to hui t ; to liarm.

Having never done the king the leaft ferviccj
lie took the firft opportunity to difftnve him, and
engaged againft him from the be^^inning of the
rebellion. Cianndort.'

Delires of things of this world, by their ten-
dency, promote or dtjjirve our interelVs m another.

Ro^rri.
Disse'rvice. n.f. [dis xndtfervice."] In-
jury ; mil'chief; ill turn.

We ihall rather perform good ofEcci unto truth,
than any d'iffcrvice unto relaters who have well de-
feivcd. Broiftt,

Great ftcknetres make a fenfible alteration, but

fmaller inuilpofitio.-.s do a proportionable dijjir-

vice. Cjilier.

Disse'rviceable. a<^'. [from difftr<v'ue.'\

Injurious; mifchievouv ; huitfu).
Disse'rvice ABi.EN ess. n.f. [from dif-
/ewiceable.l Injury-; harm ; hurt; mif-
chief; damage.

All action being for fome end, and nj: the tni

itl'elr', its aptnefs to be commanded o.- forbidden

mull be foui.dcd upon itj ferviccablenefj'cr (/Mir..

iiieettUctttfs to fome end. T^^rriz,

To Disse'ttle. v. a, \dis.AnA.feitle.Y'To

unfettle ; to unfix.
To Disse've R. <!;. a, [di J, and feaier. In
this word, the particle dji makes no
change in the fignification, ,ind there-
fore the word, though fupported by great
authorities> ought to be ejefled from otir
language.] To part in two ; to break ;
to divide ; to fuiider ; to feparaie ; to
difunite.

Shortly had the ftorm fo difrverej the com-
pany, whidt the day before had tarried together,

that

Dl S

tlut moA if tlirm never met »it\a, but »cre
Swallowed Uf. Sulney.

The difflvnini of fleeti h»th bctn the ovtr-
thiow o» many laion!. Kalfigt.

All <io«nrigl>t rjinj d'Jjevtr the violence of out-
lageous winds, inJ level the mountiinousbillms.

Dj/Jivtr your united (Irergtht,
And part your minflcd colours once igain. Stat.

The meeting pointt the facred hair J,J!vtr
Frum ihc fair head, for ever and for evtr. Pefe.

Di'ssiDBKCE. H.f. \i'iJpdeo, Latin.] Dif-
cord ; difagrcement. DiQ.

Dissi'l'ience. n.f. [rf'/^//'a, Latin.] The
aft of ilaning afunder.

Dissi'nENT. aJj. [dijiliins, Lat.] Start-
ing afunder; burlUng in two.

Dussiii'nON.x.y; yiJT'lio, Latin.] The
aft of burlling in two; the aftofllait-
ing different ways.

The air having much room to receive motion,
the dyftiiiim of that ai» was great.

Bylt'i Sf'ing of the Air.
Dissi'.Mii.AR. aJj, \iis and^fimilar.] Un-
like; heterogeneous.

Simple oil is reduced into Jiff.m'ilar parts, and
\iclds a fwect oil, very dificring from fillet oil.

Biyti.

The light, whufe rays are all alike refrangible,

1 call finifle, horn gencal, and fimilar; and that,

whofe rays are fome more refrangible than otheri,

ij call compound, hetcrogeneat, and djfmikr.

Ni^vton

If the fluid be fuppofed to confid of hetero-

generus particles, we cannot conceive how thofe

dijfmilar parts can have a lilci: fituation. Btnilty.

Dissimh-a'rity. »./. [from dijfimilar.l

UnlikeneG ; diffimilitude.

If the principle of reunion has not its energy
in this life, whenever the attraflions of fenfe
ceafc, the acquired principles of Aijjimihr'iiy mud
repel thclc beings from their centre : fo that the
principle of reunion, being fet free by death, muft
drive thcfe beings towards God their centre ; and
the principle of iliJjimHanly, forcing him to repel
them with infinite violence from him, muft make
them infinitely miferable. Cbiyitc.

BiSilMl'l.lTUDE. n.f. [diJJimilitutio,L,3L-
tin.] Unlikenefs; want of refemblance.

Thereupon grew marvellous ■d'tjjimilitudci, and
by leafon thereof jcaloulics, heartburnings, jars,
and difcords. llnhir.

We doubt vtbether the Lord, in different cir-
cumftanccE, did frame his people unto any utter
^iJJim'iiiiuJe, either with Egyptians, or any oclitr
nation. Hooker.

The Jijpnnlitudt between the Divinity and ima-
ges, flie>ts that images are not a fuitable means
whereby to woi(hip God. Stilthgjiee: .

A> humane focicty i^ founded in the limilituHe
•f fome things, fo it is promoted by fome certain
dijfim'iiittidiu Grevj,

Women are curious obfervcrs of the likenefs ot
children to patents, that they may, upon fuiding
■JiffimUiludt, hive the plealure of hinting unchal-
t,:y. Pc/f'j OdjjJ/iy, AV.i.

©issimwla'tion. h. C l^dij/imulaiio, La-
tin.] The aft of didcmbling ; hypo-
crify ; fallacious appearance ; falfe pre-
teniions.

UiJfiviiiSatkn is but a faint kind of policy; for
It alketh a ftrong wit, and a ftrong heart, to know
when to tell truth, and to do it. Baan.

He added not ; and Satan, bowing low
His grey dij/imu/aihn, difappear'd
Int'J thin air diffus'd. Miitcn,

r>':ff:mu!alkti may be taken for a hare conceal-
meiit if one's mind; in which fenfe we commonly
fay, that it is prudence to dilTcmble injuries. Smth.

iPl'ssil'ABLE.a.^'. [(torn dij/il>ate.'\ Eafily
/cattercd ; liable to dil'perfion.

•>'< The heat of Ihofc plantt it very dijft^aklt, wliich

D I S

under the earth is contained and held in; but
when it Cometh to the air it exhaleth,

BticotCi I^^Jtural Hiftsri.
The parts of plants aie very tender, as confifk-
ing of corpufcles which are extremely Iniall and
light, and therefore the more cjfily ilijfij>,il>li.

' fytuiward's Aulural Hl/iii}''

n DI'SSIPATE. i: a. [dijfipalus, Lm.]

1. To fcatter every way ; to difperfe.

The heat at lengtn grows fo great, that it again
dl/Jifvtis and bears olf tbofc -corpufcles which it
brought. Jf^ood'icjrd,

It is covered with ikin and hair, to quench and
diffrf^le tbz force of any ftroke, and retard th-
ecgc of any wcapin. Bay.

The circling mountains eddy in,
Fr'>m tlie bare wild, the dijjifattd ftorm. thou fin.

2. To fcatter the attention.
This llavcry to his pailions produced a life ir-
regular and djffjfaied. Savage'% Life.

3. To fpcnd a fortune.

rl.c wherry that contains
Of dtjjifated wealth the poor remains, Lcrdcn.

Dissipa'tion. //./. \_diJ/!patio, Latin.]

1 . The aft of difperfion.

1'he eH'eCtj oi heat are moft advanced when it
woiketh upon a body viichout lofs or diJfifntKn ot
the matter. Baa^n.

Abraham was contemporary with Paleg, in
whcfc time the famous dijjtfotion of mankind,
aud diHinction of languages, happi-ned.

ilttWi Origin cf Mankind.

2. The (late of being difperfed.
Now

Foul di£':fiiti(m follow'd, and forc'd rout. Milrni.
Where the earth contains nitre within it, if
that heat which is continually (teaming out of the
earth be preli:rvcd, its dijjlparion prevented, and
the cold kept off by fome building, this alone is
ordinarily fullicicnt to raife up the nitre.

ff^toj'aiard.

3. Scattered attention.

I have be^un two or three letters to you by
fnatches, and .beeji j>rcveiUcd fr«m niiilhing them
by a thoufand avocations and i!il/ij>iitici:s, i'-u.'ifi.

To Disso'ci ATE. <r. a, [dijjocio, Latin.]
To feparate ; to difunite ; to part.

In the JtlfQciaiing action, even of tiie gcntleft
fire, ujjon a conciciC, there perhaps vanilh loine
aiilive and fugitive particles, whofe prefencc was
requificc to contain the concfcic under fuch a de-
terminate form. Boyti.

Disso'lvable. fl<^'. \ixoTa dij/hli/e.^ Ca-
pable of dinblution ; liable to be melt-
ed.

Such things as are not djffjhaik by the moif-
ture of the tongue, aft not upon the taAe.'

Di'ssoLUBLE. adj. [diJpilnbiUs, Latin.]
Capable of feparation ; having one part
feparable from another by heat or moif-
ture.

Nodules, repofed in cliff's amongft the earth,
being hard and not fo dijjhiuhle, are left behind.

fyoidtvariCi Natural Uijiory.

Dissohjbi'lity. n.f. [from drfilui/c]
Liablencfs to fuffer a dii'union of parts
by heat or moiiture ; capacity of being
diflblved.

Bodies fcem to have an intrinfick principle of
alteration, or corruption, from the diffilubiluy of
their parts, and the coalition of fever j1 particles
endued with contrary and deltrucllve qualit'es each
toother. Hale's Origin of Mankind.

To DISSO'LVE. -v. a. {diffolvc, Latin.]
I. To deftroy the form of any thing by
difnniting the parts with heat or inoif-
ture ; to mek ; to liquefy,
i have heard of acchuviu di^okitd in fnucr.

D>yien.

D I S

The whole terrcftrial globe viras taken a'J to
pieces, and diffolved, at the deluge. Wo:d'u:a<d.

z. To break ; to difunite in any manner.

Seeing then that all thefe things fliali be dif-
folved, whatjnanner of peifons ought \c ti be?

2 Fit. iii. 1 1.

3. To loofe; to break the ties of any
thing.

Down fell the duke, his joints dijilv'd tfandcr.
Blind with the light, and ftiickcn dead with won-
■ dcr. Fairfax,

Witnefs thefe ancient empires of the ea^th.
In height of all their flowing wealth diffolv'd.

Mill, n.
The commons live, by no divifions rent;
But the great monarchy death diffijivet the go-
vernment, firydcn.

4. To feparate perfons united; as, to dif-
filiii a league.

She and I, long fince contraSed,
Arc now fo furc that nnthin; can dijpdve us. Slal.

J. To break up aficrablies.

By the king's authority alone, and by his
writs, p^Haments are sHirmbled ; a'^l by him
alone they arc prorogued and di^olved, but each
houfe may adjourn itielf. Bacon to yHIieri,

6. To folve ; to clear.

And 1 have heard of thee, that thou cinft
make interpretations and dij/ilvt doubts.

Dan. T. 16.

7. To break an enchantment.

Highly it concerns his glory now
To fruftratc and d'ffolfe the magick fpells. Milton,

8. To be relaxed by pleafurc.
Angels diffolv'd in hallelujahs lie. Drydes,

To Disso'lve 'V. n.

I. To be melted ; to be liquefied.

All putrefadtioD, if it difjijl^ve not in rarefac-
tion, will in the end ifluc into plants or living
creatures bred of putrefaflion. Ba^on,

As wax di^ol-:ei, as ice b^r;i.ns to run
And trickle into drops betore the fun.
So meits the youth, and languilhes away.

Addifm's Ovid,
. To fink away ; to fall to nothing.

If there be more, more woeful, hoU it in ;
For 1 iim almoll ready t j riiffihe.
Hearing of this. Seaktjpeari: King Lear,

To melt away in pleafures.

Disso'lvekt. a<^. [from dij/oli/f.] Hav-
. ing the power of diilolving or melting.

In man and vivipar .us quadrupeds, the food,
nioi;>cned with the Ipittlc, is firft chcwej, then
fwallowcd into t^c ftomach, wheie, being mingled
with diffilvent juices, it is concealed, macerated,
and rejuced into a chyle. Ray,

Disso'LVENf. ». /. [from the adjeftive.]
Thai which has the power of difuniting
the parts of any thing.

Spittle is a great dijj'oivtnt, and there is a gre:tt
quantity of it in the ftomach, b^ing Iwjllowcd
coniiantly. ylrtiuibnti.

Disso'lver. a./ [from di^clve.] That
which has the power of diflblving.

Fire, and the more fubtle i^i/T^'/.i/^rr, putrcfa^ion,
by dividing the particles of lubllances, turn them
black. uirtutkrot.

Hot mineral waters are the bed d.JJJ-uers of
phlegm. Arbuthnct,

Disso'lvible. adj. [from dijilt-e. It is
commonly written dijcl'vakle, but lefs
properly.] Liable ro perilh by dlAb-
lution.

Man, that is even upon the intrinfick confli-
tution of his nature dijfhii le, muft, by Jwing in
an eternal duration, continue immortal.

Hall's Or gin of Mankind,

DI'SSOLUTE. adj. [ diffolutm. Latin. ]
Lootc; wanton; unreltrained ; diflblv-
e4 in pleafures ; luxurious; debauched.

A giant

D I S

»^

A giant huge and tall,
Who him di(arn-.ed, dijjiiuic, diimaj'd,
Unawares furpris'd. Fairy <9»«n.

Such iland in narrow lanes,
And beat our watch, and rob our palfen'g-rs ;
While he, young, wai.ic-., and eftcminate boy,
Takes on the point of honour, to Tupport
So dj/Jiluie 3 crew. Shukejfeart's Rklard II.

A man of little gravit)-, 6r abftinence in u'ea-
fures; yea, fometimes ajmoll dijp.lutc. Hayivard.

They cool'd in zeal.
Thenceforth (hali prafli e liow to live fecure,
Worldly, or liij/chiti, on what their lords
bhall leave them to enjoy. Afi/ton,

The true fpirlt of religion banllhes indeed all
levity of behaviour, all vicious and Jiff Jute mirlh;
but, in exchange, fills the mind with a perpetual
fe'CO'ty- MtUfzn's ^'fiaolor.

The beauty of religion the muft dij/.tute are
forced to acknowledge. Rogers,

Di'ssoLUTELY. Wi/. [ from dijj'olule. ]
Loofely ; in debauchery ; without re-
iiraint.

Wheieas men have lived Jigilutely and unright-
eoufly, thou haft tormented them with their own
abominations. iVifiian,

Di'ssoi.t/TENESs. n. f. [from dijfoiuie.']
Loofenels ; laxity of manners ; de-
bauchery.

If we look into the common management, we
fl-.all have reafon to wonder, in the great di/jhlute-
rejt of manners which the world complains of,
that there arc any footlleps at ail left of virtue.

Dissolu'tion. n./. [dijfolutio, Latin.]
I. The aft of liquefying by heat or moif-

ture.
3. The ftate of being liquefied.

3. The ftate of melting away ; liquefac-
tion.

I am a» fubjeft to heat as butter ; a man of
continual diffilulion and thaw.

Shaiiffeare's Merry Wrvn ef Wwdfor,

4. peftruftion of any thing by the fepara-
tion of its parts.

The elements were at perfefl union in his
kodyj and their conuary qualities ferved not for
the dijjhlutkn of the compound, but the variety
of the compofure. Sniiih.

5. The fubftance formed by diflblving any
body.

Weigh iron and aqua-fortis feverally; then
difTclve the iron in the aqua-fortis, and weigh the
dijilutim. /;^„„_

6. Death ; the refolution of the body into
its cooftituent elements.

The life of man is always either increafing to-
wards ripenefs and perfcaion, or declining aad
dccrtafuig towards rotuoncfs ajjd dijfoluikn.

Weexpeftcd "^ "^

Immediate dij/iluthr, which we thought
Was meant by death that day. MiJans Par, L-JI.

7. Deftfuftion. ^

He determined to ilfake a prefent dWeluikti of
^•"^M- H^i,r.

He thence (hall come.
When this world's iTgai^tkn O.ail be ripe. MUton.

Would they have mankind lay afide all care of
provTions by agriculture or commerce, becaufc
poliibly the diffululicn of the worid may h.ipien th'
next moment? _ £^„/,^._

8. Breach or ruin of any thing compaftcd
or united.

Is a man confident of wealth and power ?
Why let him read of tliofe Orange ut.execfled
d.jjtUiicni of the great" monarchies and g -veri-
menta of the woild. c- , ,,

9. The aft of breaking up an aflembly.

10. Loofcnefs of manners; laxity j re-
miffhefsj diflipation.

D I S

A Unging afiw fenfual pleafures is a difihika
of the fpirit of a man, and makes it loolc, foft,
and wandering, unapt for noble or.fpiritual em-
ployments. Bp. Tajkr.

Fame mattes the mind loofe and gayifh, fcatteis
the fpirits, and leaves a kind o( dijiluticn upon a',1
the faculties. Siuii.

An univerfal diffdutwa of manners began to pre-
vail, and a proltlfcd difregard to all fixed princi-

DI'SSONANCE. n. /. [diffonans, Lat.
diJTcnaiice, Fr.] A mixture of harfh, un-
plealing, unharmonious founds; unfuit-
ableneis of one found to another.

Still govern thou my fong.
But drive far oft' the barbarous dijpm(ime
Of Bacchus and hs revellers. Milton.

The Latin tongue is a dead language, and none
can decide with confidence on the harmony or
dijjtinanie ot the numbers of thcfe times.
^ Garth's frtface ti Ovid.

Di SSONAN-T. adj. [dijlnans, Lat.]
r. Harfh ; unharmonious.

Dire were the ftrain, and diffinant, to fing
The cruel raptures of the favage kind. Thimjm.

2. Incongruous; dil'agreeing : with/ro«.
What can be more iijjinar.t from tcalon and

nature, than that a man, naturally inclined to cle-
mency, Ihould fliewhimlelf unkind and inhuman ?
fhkcviill en Pmidence.

3. With to i lefs properly.

When confcience reports any thing diffhnoKt to
truth, it obliges no more than the falfehood re-
ported by it. i„„£,.

Tc DiSSUA'DE. -v. a. [dlfuadeo, Lat.]

1. To dehort ; to divert by reafon or im-
portunity from any thing.

We fubmit to Csfar, promifing
To pay our wonted tribute, from the which
We were diffuaded by our wicked queen.

Shjkejptare'i Cymbtline.

2. To reprefent any thing as unfit or dan-
gerous.

This would be worfe;
War therefore, open or conceai'd, alike
My voice dijfuadn. Milion't Paradife Loft.

Not diffident of thee, do I dijuade
Thy abfence from my fight. Mdicn't Par. Lojl.
I'd fain deny this wilh, which thou haft madt;
Or, what I can't deny, would fain diffiiade.

^ Add.fns Ovid.

DissuA DER. «. / [from difuadc] He
that diU'uades.

Dissua'sion. «./ [rf'^fl/fa, Lat.] Ur-
gency of reafon or importunity againft
anything; dehortation.

Endeavour to preferve yourfcif from relapfe by
fuch dijjiiajitnt from love, as its votaries call in'-
veftives againft ir. ^y.

Dissuasive, adj. [from dijliade.] De-
hortatory; tending to divert or deter
front any purpofe.

Dissua'sive. «./ Dehortation ; argu-
meiit or importunity employed to turn
the mind off from any purpofe or pur-
fuit.

_ 1 he meannefs, or the fin, will fcarce be di/Tla-
fivet to thi/fe who have reconciled thcmfclves to
both. ^ Gmtrnmint of the T<,rgut.

To DissONDER. m. a. [dis and /under.
This is a barbarous word. See Disse-
ver.] To funder ; to feparatc.

— But when her draught the fea and earth di/Tun-
dir'd,
The troubled boltorai turn'd up, and (he thunder'd.

_^ ^ Cbapmav.

D'SSY I.LABLE. fl. /. [iiffgUhc^'S)'.] A

word of two fyllables.

No man is tied, in modirrn poetry, to obfcrvc
any Jattiior rule in Uje feet of bii veifc, but that

D I S

they be dij^l/ahfa; whether fj)ondee, trocTiec, or
iambiquc, it matters not. Drydeti,

Di'staff. «./. [bij-taep, Saxon.]

1. The ftaff from which the flax is drawa
in fpinning.

In fum, proud Boreas never ruled fleet.
Who Neptune's web on danger's dij>ciff(f\m.
With greater pow'r than (he tlid make them wend
Each way, as (he that age's praift d'd bend. Sidney,

Weave thou to end this vcb which I b"gin;
I will the dijiajfholi, come thou. and fpin. Faiif.

Ran Coll our dog, and Talbot, with the b;ind ;
And Malkin, with her diflaff'm her hand. Dryd.

2. It is ufed as an emblem of the female
fex. So the French fay. The crown of
France never falls to the difiaff.

In my civil government fome fay the crofier,
fome (ay the diftaff, was too bofy.

Hawers England's Tears.
See my royal mafter murder'd.
His crown ulnrp'd, a dijiaff'in. the throne. Dryd.

Distaff-thistle, n. /. A fpecies of'

thiftle. '^

To Dista'in. v. a. [dis and /«/«.]

1. To ft.-iin ; to tinge with an adventi-
- tious colour.

Nor ccas'd his arrows, till the (hady plain
Scv'n mighty bodies with their blood diffein.

Drydfns fiigH.
Place on their heads- that crown difnin'd wi,h
gore.
Which thofe dire hands from my flaln father tore.

Btfe.

2. To blot; to fully with infamy.

H-" nnderftood.
That lady, whom I had to me alhgn'd.
Had both dijiain'd her honourable blood.
And eke the faith which (he to me did bind.

Fairy Sluecn,.
The worthmefs of pi^aifj dijiains his worth.
If he that 's prais'd himfelf bring the praife forth.

Shakeffeare.
Some theologicians delile places erefted for re-
ligion, by defending oppredions, diflMning their
profeOions by publiihing odious untruths upon re-
port of othci s. Sir J. Hay-ward.

Dl'STANCE. »./. yijiance^ Fr. dijlantiuy
Latin.]

\. Dijiance is fpace confidered barely in
length between any two beings, without
confideriiig any thing elfc between them.

Locke..

It is very cheap, notwithftanding the great dif.
tance between the vineyards and the towns that fed
t'"= *'««• Addifon on Italy.

As he lived but. a ftw miles di/ianct from her fa-
ther's houlc, he had frequent opportunities of fee-
'"8 ^"- , MdifM.

2. Remotenefs in place.

Caelat is (till difpos'd to give us terms.
And waits at JiJIancc till he hears from Cato. Mi.

Thefe dwell at fuch convenient diflame.
That each may give his friend alhll.mce. Prior.

3 . The fpace kept between two antagonifts
in fencing.

We come to fee fight; to fee thy pafs, thy
ftock, thy rci-cife, thy difance.

Sbakcffeares Meiry Wi-vti ofWindfor;

4. Contrariety ; oppofition. ' '
Banquo was y ^ur cn^my.

So is ho mine; and in fuch bluody dilance,

That every minute of his being th'rults

Againft my ncar'ft of life. Sbakejfiarr's Mjchih,.

5. A fpace marked on the courfe where,
horfe: run.

This w.,s the horfe that ran the whule field out
o( dji^nct, and won the race. VEJiraitgt.

, 6. Space of time.

You muftdoitby</i/?j»crof time. i^EJdr.v.nj.

I Kaip

D I S

1 help tny preftce by a prefcript, to t«II that
theic it ten jun Jfanct between one and the
other. Pmr.

•f. Rcmotenefs in time either pail or future.

We"hive a much alijtjnce ot thefe things, as
things future anJ at a Aifiame are capable of.

Tilhtfon.
, .To judge light of bleflingj prayed fjri and yet
«t a Jijlana, we muft be able to know things fu-
ture.* Smahiflgti

8. Ideal disjunftion ; mental reparation.

The qualities that aS'cft our fcnfcs are,Jn tlic

' things themfelve^.lo united aiMJ blended, thai there

is no fcparation, n^ ^ijiana between chem. Locke*

5. Rcfpeft ; diftant behaviour.

I hope ycur modci^y
Will know what dyianct to the crown is due.

Dryder*
'Tis by refpeQ and iifiat:a that authority is up-
held. Atltrhury.
If a man makes me keep my iijtance, the com-
fort is, he keeps his at the fame time. Swift.
JO. Reu-aftion of kindnefs ; referve ; ali-
enation.

On the part of heav'n,
Now alienated, oijlance and diHaftc,
Anjcr, and juft rebuke, and judgment giv'n.

Mihcn.
To Di'sTANCE. f. a. [from the noun.]
J . To place remotely ; to throw off from
the view.

That which gives a relievo to a bowl, is the
quick light, or white, which appears to be on the
fide neateft to us, and the bbck by conlequencc
dijlancii the objefl. Dryden'i Dufrtjry.

2. To leave behind at a race the length of
a defiance ; to conquer in a race with
great fuperiority.

Enh daring lover, with advent'rous pace,
Purfued his wiflies in the dang'iou5 race;
Like the fwift hind the bounding damfel flies.
Strains to the goal ; the iiflanc'd lover dies. Gay,

Di'sTANT. adj. \dijlans, Latin.]

1 . Remote in place ; not near.

This heav'n which we behold
D'lfian fo high. Miitm.

I felt.
Though difiatit from the worlds between. Afjloti. .

The wond'rous rock the Parian marble Ihone,
And fcem'd to diftant fight of folid ftonc. Pefe.
Narrownefs of mind ftiould be cured by reading
biftorics of part ages, and of nations and countries
dijiant from our own.

ffalli't Imfrovemeitt of the Mind.

The fenfes will difcover things near us with fuf •

ficient eiaftnefs, and things diftattl aifi>, fo far as

they relate to our neccfiary ufe. IVatts^i Logick,

2. Remote in time either pad or future.

3. Remote to a certain degree : as, ten
years, ten miles, diftant.

4. Referved ; fliy.

5. Remote in nature ; not allied.

What betides this unhappy fcrvility to cudom
can reconcile mcn.that own chriftianity, toapiac-
tice fo widely d'ljlar.t from it ? Gov. eftbi 'tevgitt,

6. Not obvious; not plain.

It was one of the firll diftinflions of a well-bred
man to exprefs every thing obfcene in modeft terms
and diftant phrafes} while the clown clothed thofc
ideas in plain homely terms that arc the moft ob-
vious and natural. Addijon't SftHaldr.

D 1 8 T a's 1 E . n.f. {d!t and tafti. ]

1. Averfioa of the palate ; difrclifh ; dif-

guft.

He gives the leafon of the dlfiup of fatiety, and
of the pleafurc in novelty in meats and drinks.

Baten't Nalurnl Hifttry,

2. Diflike ; nneafincfs.

Profperity is not without m»ny fears and lRfl,.flti,
and adverCty it not without oiiiforts and hopes.

Bonn' I EJfuyt.

D I S

3. Anger; alienation of affefliott.

• Julius Cacfir was by acclamation termed king,
to try how the people would take it : the people
(hewed great murmur and dijlafltui it-

Sacvn'i Apipbtbegmi.
The king having tafted of the envy ot the peo-
ple, for his imprifonment of Edward Plantagenet,
was doubtful to heap up any more d'tfi.-.fln of that
kind by the imprifonment of De la Pole alfo.

-Baon't Henry VII.
On the part of heaven.
Now alienated, diitancc and di/lajb.
Anger, and juft rebuke. Milim's Faradife Lift.

With ftern diftefte avow'd,
To' their own diftriils drive the fuitor crowd.

Pofe't Odyjfcy.

TaDista'ste. V. <J. [from the noun.]

1. To fill the mouth with naufeoufnefs, or
difrelifli.

Dang'rous conceits are in their nature poifons.
Which at the firft are fcarce found to d'lftaftt.
But, with a little id upon the blood.
Burn like tlie mines of fulphur. ibtkejp, OtbeUo.

2. To diflike ; to loath.

I'd have it come to queflion;
If he diftafte it, let him to my fiftcr.

Stakif/ieare's King Lear.

I am unwilling to believe thai he doth it with a

dcfign to play tricks, and fly-blow my words to

make others diftafte them. Stiliin^Jlitt.

3. To offend; to difguft'.

He thought it no policy to diftafte the Engliih or
Irifli by a cjurfe of rcformatun, but fought to
pleafc them. Daviei.

4. To vex; to exafperate ; to four.

The whlftiing of the winds is better mufick to
contented rtinds, than the opera to the fpleenful,
ambitious, dikakiiuliftafted, and diflra£ted fouls.

Pofe.

Dista'steful. ^dj. [diftafte and full. ]

1. Naufeous to tiv; palate ; d^^gufting.

What to one palate h fweet and delicious, tn
another is odious and diftaftiful. Gianviile^s Scepjti.

2. Offenfive; unpleafing.

The vifitation, though fomewhat dift.:ftcful to
the Irifh lords, was fweet and welcome to tne com-
mon people. Davieu

None but a fool diftafteful truth will tell ;
So it be new and pleafe, tis full as well. Drydin.

Difttiftcful humoats, and whatever clfe may ren-
der the convcrfation of men grievous and uncafy
to one another, are forbidden in the -New Tcfta-
ment. 7itlofji.n.

3. Malignant; malevolent.

After diftafteful looks.
With certain half-caps, and cold moving ricds.
They froze me into fiience. SbakeffitarJi Tin:cn.
The ground might be the diftafteful averfenefs of
the Chriftian from the Jew. Bnwn.

D I s T e' M P E R . ff. y^ [dis znd temper. ]

1. A dilproportionate mixture of parts ;
want of a due temper of ingredients.

2. A difeafe ; a malady ; the peccant pre-
dominance of Ibme humour; properly a
flight illnefs; indiCpofition.

They heighten diftemptrs to difcafes. Sudtltng,

It argues ficknefs and dft/mpcr in the mind, as

well as in the body, when a man is contir.i.illy

turning and toHing. South.

3. Want pi due tempeMture.

It was a rcafonablc conje^ure, thatthofe coun-
tries which were fituated direflly under the tro-
' pick, were of a diftemfer uainhah:table.

Rfitigb'i Hiftiry.

4. Bad confiitution of the mind ; predo-
minanco of any paffiou or appetite.

If little faults, p.ocrcding on diftemfer.
Shall not be wink'd at, how ihill we ftretch our eye
At cipital crimes ? Skaicjpcare' > Henry V.

5. Want of due balance between contra-
ri(i.

D I S

The fnie temp«r of empire is a thing rare, ami
hard to keep; for both temper and A^^fujfCT- con-
fift of contraries. Bac^n,

6. Ill humour of mind; depravity of in-
clination.

I was not forgetful of thofe fparka, which fomt
men's di/ltmpert formerly lluditd to kindle in par-
liament. King Cbariti,

7. Tumultuous diforder.

Siill as you rile, the Hate, exalted too,
Finds no diftttnptr while 'tis cbaog'd by you.

lyaller.

8. Diforder ; uneafinefs.

There is a ficknefs,
Which puts fomc of us in diftemper; but
I cannot name the difeafe, and it is caught
Of you thit yet are well. Slakejp. jyinter't Tale.

To Diste'mper. f. a. \_dis and temfer.'\

1. To dileafe.

Young fon, it argues a diftemper'd head.
So foon to bid good-morrow t} (hy. bed.

Sbtiffeare's Remn and Juliet,

2. To diforder.

In madnefs,
Being full of /upper and diftemp'rirg draughts.
Upon malicious bravery, doll thou come
Tn ftat my guilt? ' Sbakefpeare'i Oltelh.

He dift-'mpcrcd himfclf one night with long ami
har.l ftudy. Bc^le'i Hiftory ofhluid:.

3. To difturb; to fill with perturbation;
to ruffle.

Thou fee'ft,me much diftemfer'd in my mind |
PuU'd back, and then pulh'd forward to be kii;tl.

Dryden,

4. To deprive of temper or moderation.

Difterrper'd zcal, fediiion, canker'd hate.
No more /hall vex the church and tear the tiate.

Dryden.

They will have admirers among poderity, and

be equally celebrated by thofc whole minds will _

' not be difteinftrcd by intetelt, pafiirp, or partiality,

jiitdiUiCi Frecbolder*

5. To make^lifaffeiled, or m.^ignant.

Once more to-day well met, diftemfer'd \oran
The king by me rcquells your prefence ftraight.

Si^akejptare.

D I s T e'm p e r a t e . adj. [dit and temperMit.']
Immoderate.

Aquinas objefleth the diftemperate heat, which
be fuppofeth to be in all places directly under the
fun. RaUigh's Hi^ory.

Diste'mperature. h, /. [from drfte/fi'
fierate.]

1 . Intemperatenefs ; excefs of heat or cold,
'or other qualitici.

Through this dftemferarure we fee
The feafons alter; hoary-headed fiofts
Fall in the frcfti lap of the crimfon rofe. Shaieff.
They were confumcd by thj difcommodities of
the country, and the diftemferature of the air.

ylkhot,

2. Violent tumultuoufoefs ; outrageouf-
ncfs.

3. Perturbation of the mind.

Thy earlinefs doth m^e aflure
Thoa art uprous'd by fome diftemperjture, Sbak,

4. Confufion ; commixture of contrarie-
ties ; lofs of regularity.

•" At your birth

Our grandame earth, with tl>is diftemptraiure.
In patlion Oiook. Slialufpeart'% Henry IV.

Tell how the w wid fell into this difeafe.
And how fo great diftewperature did grow. Daniel.

To DISTE'ND. -v. a. [diftendo, Latin.]
To ftretch out in hreadtn.

Avoid enormous heights of fcven ftories, as well
at irregular forms; and the contrary faalt, of low
diftended fronts, is as unieemlj. tFM>ii,

Thus all djy long the full difl<.ndtd clouds
Indulge their genial ftores. Tk^mfan.

DlSTJi'tiT«

J

D I S

Diste'nt, part. pajf. {difientus, Latin.]
Spread, Not a(ed.

Some others were new driven and i'lflmt
Into great ingors and '■o wedges fqua'e.
Some in round pUtMwithoucen mnniinent Sperfer.
Diste'nt. n. f. [from dijienj.] The
fpace through which any thing is fpread ;
breadth. Not"much in ufe.

Thofe arches are the gracefuUeft, which, keep-
ing precifely the fame height, 3iall yet be diftenJed
one fourteenth part longer ; which addition of
dlptnl wi:i confer much to their beauty, and de-
traft but little from their ftrength. tfotton.

Diste'ntiok. n.f. [dijlenlio, Latin.]
1. The aft of ftretching j (late of things
ftretched.

Wind and dijlmkn of the fcowtis are figni of a
bad digeftion in the inteftines ; for in dead ani-
mals, when there is no digclion at all, the Hif.en-
tkn is in the grcateft extrrmitj'. Arbuihtiot,

1. Brcidth; fpace occupied by the thing
diflended.

3. The aft of feparating one part from an-
other ; divarication.

Our legs do labour more in elevation than in
ilijimim. rfotioti's ArcbittRure.

yoDisTHRo'NizE. v. a. [dij ztid tirojie.]
To dethrone ; to depofe from fove-
reignty. Not ufed.

By his death he it recovered ;
But Peridure and Vigent him difitnmxej.
_^ , Fairy ^iitn,

Di STICK, n.f. {^dipcbon, Lat.] A cou-
plet; a couple of lines ; an epigram
confiding only of two verfes.

The French compare anagrams, by themfelvej,
to gems ; but when they are caft into a diflUb, or
epigram, to genu enchafed in enamelled gold.

CamJtni Remaini.
The bard, whofe JiJUcb all commend.
In power, a fervantj out of power, a friend. Pcpe

To DISTl'L. -v. n. [dijiillo, Lat.]
I. To drop ; to fall by drops.

In vain kind fealuns fwcil'd the teeming grain ;
Soft.lhow'rs Ji/liWi, and funsgrcw warm, in vain.

Pope,
Cryftal drops from min'ral riofi diftil, Pctt.
t. To flow gently and filently.

The Euphrates SftMctb out of the mountains of
Anncaia, aad fallech into the gulph of Perfii.

Raltigh't Hifiory.

3. To ufe a ftill ; to pradlife the aft of
diilillation.

Have I not been
Thy pupil long ? Haft thou not learn'd me how
To make perfamea, iifiU, preferve >
_, _ , Shakcfptarc's CjmhtUnt.

To Disti l. v. a.

J. To let fall in drops ; to drop an/ thing
down.

D I S

They pour down rain, according to the vapour
thereof, which the clouds do drop and dijlil upon
nan abundantly. y^^

The dew, which on the tender grafs

The evcninjJ'Jia-i <{ijlill\l.
To pure rofe-water turned was.
The Ihadcj wkii fweeu that fill'd.

Draylon'i Cynthia.
From his fair head
Perfumes itjid their fweets. Frhr.

The roof is vaulted, and d)flil, frefli water from'
every part of it, which fell upon us as fail as the
firft droppings of a (hower. Addijm on Italy.

8. 'Po force by fire through the veffels of
diftillation; to exalt, feparate, or pu-
rify by fire : as, diJldUd fpirits.

^ There hangs a vap'rous drop, profound j
I'll catch it ere it comes to ground ;
And that, dijiilidhy magicic (lights.
Shall riife up Mtifici«J fprighu. Sh*k. Mad.

Vot. I.

3. To draw by diftillation ; to extraft by
the force of fire.

The liquid diJ/iUed from benzoin is fubjeft to
frequent vicifiitudes of fluidity and firmQCfj. Boy/e.

4. To diflblve or melt.

S'.vords by the lightjiing's fubtle force di/liird,
And the cold ihcath with running metal fi.l'd.

Addljin.
Distilla'tion. »./ [dijlillatlo, Lat.]

1. The aft of dropping, or falling in drops.

2. The aft of pouring out in drops.

3. That which falls in drops.

4. The aft of diftilling by fire.

Water by (xei^MMdiflillatiam changes into fixed
"^f''- Nnoton.

rhe ferum of the blood, by a ftrong dijiillatim,
affords a fpirit, or volatile alkaline ialt, and two
Idnds of oil, and an earth. A.-butbmit on Atimcntu

5. The fubftance drawn by the ftill.

I luffercd the pangs of an egregious deJth, to be
ftopt in, like a Aiov^dijlillaiim, withcloaths. Shak.

DisTi llatory. adj. [from dipl.] Be-
longing to diftillation; ufed in diftilla-
tion.

Befides thofe grofler elements of bodies, fait,
fulphur, and mercury, ingredients of a more fubtile
nature, extremely little, and not vifible, may efcapc
at the junaures of the dijlil/alory veflels. Boyle.

Disti'ller. n.f. [from <///?//.]

I. One who praftifes the art or trade of

diftilling.
I fent for fpirit of fait to a very eminent di/l!ller

of 't- eoyle.

z. One who makes and fells pernicious and

inflammatory fpirits.
Disti'lment. »./ [from <///?;•/.] That

which is drawn by diftillation ; that

which drops. A word formerly ufed,

but now obfolete.

Upon my fecure hour thy uncle Hole,
And in the porches of mine ears did pour
The Icperous dijiilmeni. ShakeffeareS Hamlet.

DISTI'NCT. adj. [dijtinau,, Lat.]
I. Different; not the fame in number or
m kind.

Btllarmin faith, it ii idolatry to give the fame
worOiip to an image which is»uetoGodi Vafquez
faith, it i$ idolatry to give diftina worlhip : there-
fore, if a man would avoid idolatry, he muft give
none at all. Siillingfieet.

Fatherhood and property are dijtlna titles, and
began prefently, upon Adam's death, to be in dif-
tin-l perfoM. Loctc.

2. Different ; feparate ; being apart, not
conjunft.

The intention was, that the two armies, which
marched out together, Ihould afterwards be di/lina.
-- , . Clarcndcn.

Men have immortal fpirits, capable of a pleaforc
and happinefs difima from that of our bodies.

TtlUtJon.

j. Clear; unconfufed.

Hcav-n is high.
High and remote, to fee from thence diflh^i
Jisch thing on earth. Miht^r,

4. Spotted ; variegated.

Tempeftuouj fell
His arrows from the fourfold-vifag'd four,
Dipina with eyes ; and from the living wheels
Diflmft alike with multitude of eyei. Mihcn.

5. Marked out; fpecified.

Dominion hold
Over all living things that move on th' earth.
Wherever thus created ; for no place
Is yet d,]l\r.fl by name. Miltcn.

Disti'nction. n.f. {diJH„aio, Latin.]
I . The aft of difcernipg one %s preferable
to the other.

S-

D I S

In the windand tempeft of fortune'* frovn,
Difimfiicn, with a broad and powerful fan,
Puffing at all, winnows the light away. ShitHifi,,
z. Note of difference. ;

3. Honourable note of fuperiority.

4. That by which one differ^from another.

This faculty of perception puts the difimahn be-
twixt the animal kingdom, and the inferior parla
of matter. Lw/r.

Difference regarded ; preference or ne-
gleft in comparifon with fomething elfc.

Maids, women, wives, urithout dipmainn fall j
The fwecping deluge, love, comes on, and covers
, c ^"' • . Drydcn^

o. Reparation of complex notions.

This fierce abridgment
Hath to it circumllantial branches, which
Dlfthaion fliould be rich in. Sbalefp. Cymiefate.

7. Divifion into different parts.
The diJUamn of tragedy into afls was not

kno^vn ; or, if it were, it is yet fo darkly delivered
to us, that we cannot make it out.

. Drydcn on Dramatick Poefy.

8. Notation of difference between things
feemingly the fame.

The mixture of thofe things by fpeech, which
by nature are divided, is the mother of all error :
to taki; away therefore that error, which confufioa
breedeth, d^ivilitn is requifite. Hooker,

Lawfulnefs cannot be handled without limita-
tions aad dpnOiom. Bacon, Holy War,

This will puzzle all your logick and di/linSicnt
toanfwerit. De,:ham's Sophy.

trntn this dlflinaion of real and apparent gooJ,
fome diftinguifii happinefs into two forts, real and
'"ii4'"'"y- . , North.

9. Dilcernment ; judgment.
DiSTi'tJCTiVE. adj. [from diftina.']

1 . That which marks diftinftion or differ-
ence.

For from the natal hour, diJllnBlvi name*.
One cjmmon right the great and lowly claims,
TT . , PofeiOdyffiy.

2. Having the power to diftinguifli and
difcern ; judicious.

Credulous and vulgar auditors readily believe it,
and the more judiciaus and diftinakiehtiit do not

-'■'■J^'^;^- ♦ Br,^.n.

Disti nctively. adv. [ from dftinil-
tue.] Particularly ; not confufedly.

I did all my pilgrimage dilate.
Whereof by parcels ihe had fomething heard.
But not d,fi\nah,ely. Shakcfpeare', OtbelU.

UiSTi NCTLY. ad'v. \ixom diftina.]

I. Not confufedly ; without the confufioiv
of one part with another.

To make an echo that will report three, or four,

or five words dijlmaly, it is requifife that the body

percufling be a good dirtance oft; Bacon t Nat. HiR.

On Its fides it was bounded pretty diflmaiy, but

on Its ends very confufedly and indiftindlly,

„, . , , . Newlon'i Optkku

z. Plainly; clearly.

The objea I could firft difiinaly view.
Was tall ftreight trees, which on the waters flew.

After the light of the fun was a little worn off
tny eyes, I could fee all the parts of it d;fimiiiy by
a glimmering rcfleftien that played upon them
from the furface of the water. Addijon.

Distinctness, n.f. [irom diftina.]

1. Nice obfervation of the difference be-
tween different things.

The membranes and humours of the eye arr:
perfeftly pellucid, and void of colour, for the clear-
nefs, and far the d}Jlha„tf>, of vifion. Ray on Creat.

2. buch reparation of things as makes

them eafy to be feparately obferved

■n DlSTI'NGUISH. ^. a. id.ftingu,.
Lat.] >. J e> •

To note the diverfity of things,

♦ B Righty

D 1 S

Rijlitly »o iifiUtnifi), is, by corctil of the mind,
Ic fcuT things diffeient in nature, and to difcern
•wherein they differ. Hosier.

3. To feparatc from others by foroe mark
of honour or preference.

They diiiiiguifi) my poems from thofe of ether
men, and have made roe their peculiar caie. DryJ.

Let us revolve that roll with ftrifteft eye,
Where, faft from time, tl:jiingiiifi'i aflions lie. Pr.

3. To divide by proper notes of diverfity.

M< &> dlJI'iniJjht% the caufej of the flood into
thofe tha: belong to the heavenj, and ihofe that
belong to the earth, the rains, and the abyfs.

Burnit't thnry.

4. To know one from another by any mark
or note of difference.

So long
As he could make me, with his eye or ear,
Diftiitgtiijb him from others, he did keep
The deck. Shaiejftare's CymicTmi'

We have not yet been feen in any houle,
Nor can we be Jifiinguijh'd, by our faces,
For man or mailer. Hbaliff. Tom. c/tte Shrni:

By our reafon we are enabled to dijl.nguljh good
from evil, as well as truth from falfehood.

Wnttt's Lcgui.

5. To difcern critically ; to judge.

S«e. t prince, th' untainted virtue of your years
Hath not yet div'd into the world's deceit ;
Nor more can you dift'ingwjb of a man.
Than of his outward (hew ! Shakrff. Rkt. III.

6. Toconftitute difference ; to fpecificate;
to make different from another.

St. Paul's Epiftles contain nothing but points of
Chriftian inftruflion, amongft which he fcldom
fails to enlarge on the great and d'lftUguipmg doc-
trines of our holy religion. Locke.

7. To make known or eminent.

To Disti'ncuish. 1: It. To make dif-
tinttion ; to find or (hew the difference.

He would warily d'iftir.guijh between the profit of
the merchant and the gain of the kingdom.

Child'! Difcourfe en Trade.

The readers muft learn by all means to dj/lh-
[mjb between proverbs, and thofe polite fpeeches
which beautify converfation. Sviift.

Di»ti'kcuishabi.e. adj. [from <///?<//-

I. Capable of being diftinguifhed ; capa-
ble of being known, or made known, by
notes of diverfity.

Impenitent, they left a race behind
I/ike to therofelvcs, di/lirguiJ/jaHe fcarce
From Gentiles, but by circumcifion vain. Milten.
The a£>ing of the foul, as it relates to percep-
tion and decinon, to choice and purfuit, oravertion,
is dtjUnguifrable to U3. HaU'i Origin af Mankind,
I llijU diftribute duty into its principal and emi-
nent parts, d'tji'.KguijbaHe a? they relate to God, our
neighbour, and ourfelves. Govemmtnt of the Tongve .
Being dinblved in aqueous juices, it is by the
eye d jVnguiJbablt from the folvent body. Boyle.
A fimplc idea, being in itfelf uncompoundec",
contains nothing but one uniform appearance, or
conception in the mind, and is not dijiingvijhable
into different ideas. Lotke.

Z. Worthy of note ; worthy of regard.
I would endeavour that my betters Hiould feek
me by the merit of fomething d]Jiingu:Jbatle, in-
ftead "f my fceking them. Sivifr,

Disti'ncuished. participial a Jj. [from
dijiiagiiijb.'] Eminent ; trankendent ;
extraordinary.

Fut fins committed, with many aggravatiotw of
guilt, the furnace of wraih will be feven times
hotter, and burn with a dijlir.guijhej fury. RDgert.

Never on roan did heav'nly tavour (bine
With tays fu (trong, dijlinguijV d, and divine.

P(!fe'\ Od\£iy.

Dxsti'ncuisher.w./. [isom dijlingu'ifl} .]

I. A judicious obfervcr ; one that ascu-

ratcly difcerns one thing from another.

D I S

If writers be juft to the memory of Charles 11.
they cannot deny him to have been an exafl knower
of mankind, and a ptrfeft dijlinguijhcr of their
talents. _ Dryitn.

z. He that feparates one thing from an-
other by proper marks of diverfity.

Let us admire the wifdom of God in this itj-
tinguifxr of times, and vifible deity, the fun.

Bri'u;ni Vulvar £rroun.

Disti'nguishincly. adz: [from di/-
linguijhing.'] With diftinClion ; with fome
mark of eminent preference.

Some call me a Tory, becaufe the heads of that
party have been dijiinguijhingly favourable to me.

Pope.
DiSTi'NGtJiSHMENT. n.f. [from dijiin-
gu>Jh.'\ Diftinftion; obfervation of dif-
ference.

To make correSions upon the fearchers reports, I
confiJered whether any credit at all were to be given
to their diftingwjhmeni:. Graunt'i Bills of Mortality,

To DISTO'RT. f. a. [dijiortus, Lat.]
I. To writhe ; to twifl; to deform by ir-
regular motions.

I fee her tafte each naufeous draught,
And fo obligingly am caughr ;
1 blefs the hand from whence they came.
Nor dare diftarl my face for (hamc. Svfft.

N ow mortal pangs <fj/!«rr his lovely form. Sm:th.

z. To put out of the true diredlion or pof-
ture.

With fear and pain
Dijiorted, all my nether (hape thus grew
Transform'd. M'llton.

Wrath and malice, envy and revenge, do darken
and </j/!Drr the underftandings of men. Tillotfon.

3. To wreft from the true meaning.

Something muft be dijlorted belide the intent
of the divine inditcr. Peacbam on Poetry,

Disto'rtion. n,/. [dijiortio, Lat.] Ir-
regular motion by which the face is
writhed, or the parts difordered.

By his dijioriioni he levcals his pains ;
He by his tears and by his lighs complains. Prior.

In England we fee people lulled aflcep with folid
and elaborate difcourfes of piety, who would be
warmed and tranfported out of themfelves by the
bellowings and diftortiim of enthufiafm.

Addifon's Sfe^ator.

To DISTRA'CT. v. a. part. pafT. diJiraS-
ed ; anciently dijlraught ; and fometimes
dijirad. \dijira3us, Latin.]

1 . To pull different ways at once.

The needle endeavours to conform unto the me-
ridian ; but, being diftraHed, driveth that way where
the greater and powerfuller part of the earth is
placed. Bro^un's Vulgar Err:ur:.

2. To feparate ; to divide.

By fea, by fea.

^Moft worthy Sir, you therein throw awiy
The abfulute foldierthip you have by land ;
Diftralt your army, which doth moll confift
Of war-mark*d footmen. Shakefp, Ant. and Chop.

3. To turn from a fingle diredlion towards
various points.

If he cannot wholly avoid the eye of the ob-
fervcr, he hopes to diftred it by a multiplicity of
the objeft. Soutb.

4. Ts fill the mind with contrary confide-
rations ; to perplex ; to conibund ; to
harafs.

While 1 fufTer thy terrors I am iijiranid. Pftlms.
Come, coulin, canll thou quake, and change thy
colour.
Murder thy breath in middle oi a word,
And then again begin, and (lop again.
As if thou wttt di/lraugbl and mad with terror ?
Sbakefteare'i Richard HI.
It would burft forth ; but I recover breath.
And fenfc diftrjS to koow »x!l what 1 utier.

Aliitin'i Agir.ijiei,

D I S

He piflelTes a quiet and cheerful mind, not af.
flidled with violent paflions, or difiraffed mth im.
moderate cares. Rty.

If our fenfe of hearing were a thoufand time*
quicker than it is, how would a perpetual noife
i/rjfl us I We (hould, in the quieteft retire,
ment, be lefs able to Deep or meditate than in thtf-
middle of a fea-fight. Locke.

5. To make mad : properly, by an unfet-
tled and vagrant fancy ; but, popularly,
to make mad in whatever mode.

Wherefore throng you hither ?—
—To fetch my^oor dl^radcd halhini hence:
Let us come in, that we may bind him faff.
And bear bim home for his recovery.

Sbakefpeare'i Comedy »f Errfurtk
Better I were diftroB,
So (hnutd my thoughts be fevcr'd from my griefs,
And woes, by wrong imagination, lofe
The knowledge of themfelves. Shakefp. King Ltar%
She was unable in (Irength of mind to htnc the
grief of his difeafe, and fell diJiraHedof her wits.

Bacon,

You (hall find a difiroEled man fancy himfelf a

king, and with a right inference require fuitable

attendance, refpcO, and obedience. Locke.

Distra'ctedly. ad-v, [from diftraa.l

Madly ; frantickly.

Methought her eyes had crofs*d her tongue ;
For (he did fpeak in ftarts diJlraSledlf,

Sbakefpeare'i Ttvelflb Night.

Distra'ctedness. n.f. [from d:Jlracl.y'

The ftate of being diilrafted ; madnefs.
Distra'ction. n.f. \diJira{lio, L.itin.J

1. Tendency to different parts; fepara-
tion.

While he was yet in Rome,
His power went out in fuch diJimUicni, as
Beguird all fpies. Shakefp. Antony ard Cleopatra,

2. Confufion ; ftate in which the attention
is called different ways.

Never was known a night of fuch diJiralHon, -
Noife fo confus'd and dreadful ; joftlir.g crowds.
That run and knew not whither. Dryd. Span. Fr,

What may we not hope from him in a time of
quiet and tranquillity, fmce, during the late dif-
trafiicntt he has done fo much for the advantage of
our trade .> AJdifon'i Fnehalder.

3. Perturbation of mind ; violence of fome
painful pailion.

The irafcible pailions folloif the temper of the
heart ; the concupifciblc diflrtflicnz, the crafis of
the liver. B. •«•».

The dijlra.lion of the children, who faw both
their parents expiring together, would have melted
the hardeft heart. . Tatter.

4. Madnefs; franticknefs; lofsof the wits;
vagrancy of the mind.

Madam, this is a mere diji ruffian :
You turn the good we offer into envy. Sbakefpeare*

So to mad Pentheus double Thebes appears,
And furies hf wl in his di(femper'd ears ;
Orefte? fo, with like dsjiraHion toft,
Is made to fly his mother's angry ghod. ff^allcr,

Commiferate all thofe who labour under a. fet-
tled dijiradnn, and who are (hut out from all the
pleafures and advantages of buman commcice.

'^' Aitirhury,

5. Diflurbance; difcord; difference of fen-
timents.

The t\vo armies lay quiet near each other, with-
out improving the confufion and dijlraiiiin which
thttklng'sfiircesweic too much inclined to. Clar.

Distra'ctive.<7^'. [ from </{;?» j<9.] Caof-
ing perplexity.

Oft grown unmindful through dijlrafiive cares,
I've Itretch'ii my arms, and touch'd'bim unawares.

To DISTRA'IN. f. a. [from diftringo,

Latin.]
I. To fei/.e ; to lay hold on as an indem>

aiiication for a debt.

Here's

D I S

Hcre't Beauford, that regards not God nor Icing,
Hath here difirainj the Tower to his ufe. Stat.,
t. To rend ; to tear: not in ufc. Spenfer,
ToDistra'in. f >i. To make feizure.

The carl anlwcrea, I will not lend money to my

fupcrior, upon whom I cannot (///J^am for the debt,

Camden I Rnttains,

Blood, his rent to have regain'd.

Upon the Britifli diadem diJIrain'J. Marvel.

D 1 5 T R a'i N E R . w. /. [from dijlrain. ] He

that feizes.
Distra'int. »./ [from </r/?r«;».] Seiz-
ure. Dia.
DisTRA'uGHT./nrr. adj. [from </^ra^.]
Diftrafted.

He bad been a good military man in his days,
but was then dijiravgbt of his wit- , Camd, Ritn,

DISTRE'SS. »./• {.deftrefft, French.]

1. The aft of making a legal feizure.

He would firft demand his debt \ and, if he were

not paid, he would ftraight go and nVx i di/lrrft of

goods and cattle, where he could £nd thcni, tu the

value. Spenfer,

Quoth (he, fome fay the foul 's fecurc

Againft i///7r^i and forfeiture. Iludiiras,

2. A comptlfion in real aftions, by which
a man is aflured to appear in court, or
to pay a debt or duty which he refufed.

Coivell.

3. The thing feized by law.

4. Calamity ; raifery; misfortune.

There can J fit alone, unfeen of any.
And to the nightingale's complaining notes
Tune my diflriffti, and record my woes. Shalifp.

There Oiall be figns in the fun, and in the
moon, and in the flars ; and upon earth difirtjs of
nations, with perplexity, the fea and the waves
roaring. huie^ xxi. 25.

People in aSllAionor diflrefi cannot be hated by
generous minds. ClariJJa.

To Distre'ss. 1'. a. [from the noun.]

1. To profecute by law to a feizure.

2. To harafs ; to make miferable ; to
crufh with calamity.

Diftrijs not the Moabites, neither contend with
them in battle. Diut. ii. j.

I am dijirejfed for thee, my brother Jonathan.
2 Sam, I, z6.
Distre'ssfol. aeij. [liijlre/s a.nAfull.'\

1. Miferable; full of trouble; full of
mifery.

I often did beguile her of her tears.
When I did fpeak of fome diftrefifuL ftroke
That my youth fufFer'd. Sbakeffeare' 1 OibtHo,

The ewes ftill folded, with diftendcd thighs,
Unmillc'd, lay bletting in £prejiful cries.

Pope't Odyjfey.

Dijirefiful ini defnlating events, which have at-
tendea the millalccs 01 politicians, (hould be piefent
in their minds. H'tJlls,

2, Attended with poverty.

He, with a body fiU'd, and vacant mind,
CetJ him to reft, cramm'd with diftrefiful bread.

Stakrfpeaie,

To DISTRI'BUTE. -v. a. {dijlnbuo, Lat.]
To divide amongl^ more than two ; to
deal out ; to difpenfate.

The king fcnt over a great ftore of gentlemen
and warlike people, amongft whom he difinbuted
the land. Spenfer,

The fpoil got on the Antiates
Was not dijlribused, Sbairffeare'i Cmc/nnui.

She did diflrikute her goods to all them that
were neareft of kindred. Judith, xvi. 24.

Distributer, n. /, [from dijfriiu/e.]
One who deals out any thing ; a dU-
penfer.

There wertjudges and di/lrihuteri of juftice ap-
f ointed for the feveial patu of his dominions.

Mdifin in Iialj.

D I S

Of thjt peculiar matter out of which the iod'es

of vegetables and of animals are formed, water is

the common vehicle and dijhibuter to the parts of

thofe bodies. Wad-iuard,

Distribu'tion. n.f, [d-Jlrihitio, Lat.]

1. The aft of diftributing or dealing out
to others ; difpenfation.

Of great ricbi-s there is no real ufe, except it be
in the dlflriiutkn. Baccn's EJJays.

Providence has made an equal diftribulkn of na-
tural gifts, whereof each creature feverally has a
(hare. ^ L'Eflrjnge.

Every man in a great ftation would Imitate the
queen inthci/^Wiai'/cnofofficesinhisdifpofal. S-zu.

2. Aft of giving in charity.

Irft us govern our charitable diflributm: by this
pattern of nature, and maintain a mutual circula-
tion of benefits and returns. Attirlury.

3. [In logick.] As an integral whole is
dillinguifhed into its feveral parts by
divifion ; fo the word diftribution is moll
properly ufed, when v.e diftinguiih a
univerfal whole into its feveral kinds of
fpecies. Watts.

Distri'butive. adj. [from djflribule,]

1 . That which is employed in afligning to
others their portions ; as, dijiributi've
juftice, that which allots to each his fen-
tenceor claim.

If juftice will take all, and nothing give,
Juftice methinks is not difiributi-ve. Dryden.

Obfcrvc the diflribuii-ve juftice of thi? authors,
which is conftantly applied to the punifliment of
virtue, and the reward of vice, dirtdlly oppofite to
the rules of their beft criticks. S-wift.

2. That which aiCgns the various fpecies
of a general term.

Djstri'butivelv. adv. [from dijlri-
buti've. ]

1. By diftribution.

2. Singly; particularly.

Ahhough we cannot be free from all fin collec-
tively. In fuch fort that no part thereof ftiall be
found inherent in us; yet, dj/lributively at the
leaft, all great and grievous aftual oftcnccs, as they
offer the.Tifelvcs one by one, both m.'y and ought
to be by all means avoided. ihokir,

3. In a manner tltat exprefles fingly all
the particulars included in a general
term ; not colleftively.

An univerfal term is fometimes taken collec-
tively for all its particular ideas united together j
and fometimes difiiibutively, meaning each of
them finglc and alone. Watli't Loght,

Di'sTRicT. n.f. {dijlri^us, Latin.]

1. The circuit or territory within which a
man may be compelled to appearance.

CoiJveH.

2. Circuit of authority ; province.

His governors, who formed themfelvcs upon the
example of their grand monarquc, pradtifed all the
arts of defpotick givernmcnt in their refpeflive
dipr-.ai. Addifon.

With ftcrn diftafte avow'd,
To their own diftrias drive the fuitor crowd.

Pope's Odyffey.

3. Region ; country ; territory.

Thofe diflrifii which between the tropicks lie,
The fcorching beams, diredlly darted, fry. Blaclm.
DisTRi'cTiON. n.f. \_diftri£}us, Latin.]
Sudden difplay. A word little ufed.

A fmile plays with a furprizing agreeablcnefs in
the eye, breaks out with the brighteft diftrHI'nn,
and fits like a glory upon tlic countenance.

&//<>/■ on the AfpcB.

To DisTRu'sT. V. a. [dii and tru^.] To
regard with diffidence } to difHde in ;
not to truft.

D IS

He Aeweth himfelf unto fuch as de not dl/lrii^
him. fViJdtm,

DiSTRu'sT. n./. [from the verb.]

1 . Difcredit ; lofs of credit ; lofs of con-
fidence.

To me reproach
Rather belongs, diflrufi, and all difpraife. MUtcn,

2. Sufpicion ; want of faith ; want of con-
fidence in another.

You doubt not me j nor have I fpent my bloodi
To have my faith no better undcrft'-od ;
Your foul 's abos'e the bafcnefs of difirufi ;
Nothing but love could make you fo unjuft. Vryd,
DiSTRu'sTFUL. adj. [dijlriiji dtaA full,'\

1. Apt to diftruft ; fufpicious.
Generals often harbour diftrujiful thoughts in

their hreafts. hoyle's SerapUck Live,

2. Not confident ; diffident.

The great coiruptors of difcourfe have not been
fo d'ifinijiful of themfeives. Govern, of the Tongue.

3. Diffident of himfelf; modeft ; timo-
rous.

Difiruftful fenfe with modeft caution fpeaks ;

But rattling nonfcnfe in full voUies breaks. Pope.
DisTRu'sTFULLY. ad'v. [ftom dtjlruj}-

yi/.] In a diftrullful manner.
DiSTRu's TFULNESS. n.f. [from dijirujl-

fuL] The ftate of being dittruftful ;

want of confidence.
To DISTU'RB. "J. a. {difturho, low Lat.]

1. To perplex ; to difquiet ; to deprive of
tranquillity.

He that has his own troubles, and the happinefs

of his neighbours, toi/i/Zar^hlm, has work enough,

Call'icr on Envy.

His youth with wants andhardftiips muft engage;
Plots and rebellions muft dijiurb his age. Prior,

2. To confound ; to put into irregular
motions.

3. To interrupt ; to hinder : as, ca.re dip-
tiobs Audy.

4. To turn off from any direftion ; witli
from. This is not ufual.

It oft-times may fuccced, fo as perhaps
Shall grieve him, if 1 fail not ; and dijiurb
His inmoft counfcls_/riff: their deftin'd aim. Milt,

Distu'rb. n.f. [from the verb.] Con-
fufion ; tumultuary emotion.

Inftant without (///?«rA they took alarm,
And onward move enibattel'd Milton,

Distu'rbance. ti. f. [from diJlurb,']

1. Perplexity; interruption of a fettled
ftate.

The denomination of money concerns trade, and
the alteration of that neceffarily brings dijiurhixnct
to it. _ Locke,

2. Confufion ; diforder of thoughts.

They can furvey a variety of complicated ideas
without fatigue or difiurbance. JVatti on the Mind*

3. Tumult ; violation of peace.

This mifchicf had not then befalKn,
And more that ftiall bcfal : innumerable
Diflurbancei on earth through female fnares. Milt,

Distu'rber. n.f. [hom di/lurb.']
I. A violater of peace ; he that caufes tu-
mults and publick diforders.

He ftands in the fight both of God and men
moft juftly blameable, as a necdlefs dijiurber of the
peace of God's church, and an author of diU'enfion*

Hocker*

Men that make an infolt upon fociety, ought to

behumbled, ^i difJurbers of the publick tranquillity.

Addiftint
Ye great dlflurbers, who in endlefs noife.
In blood and horror, feck unnatural joys ;
For what is all this fouftle, but to ihun
Tbofc thoughts with which you dare not be alone ?

Cranvilte,

4 B 2 z. He

V I s

«. He that injures tranquillity; Be that
caufes pertarbation of mind.
/Iwo ietf enemits,
Foci to my refti and my fweet fleep'i djflurheri,

Shaktffenre.
YeDiSTu'RN. 1/. a. [Jit &r\A turn."] To
turn off ; to turn afide. Not in ufe.

He gUd was to JiJIurn that furious ftrcam
Oi <MU on us, that elfe had fwallow'd them. Dun.
1)isvalua'tion, It./. [rtVV and valua-
tion.] Difgrace; diminution of reputa-
tion.

What can be more to the diJvalHatiin of the
power of the Spaniard, than that eleven thoufand
Englilh fliouid have maicbed into the heart of his
countries ? Bacon.

fe Disva'h;b. o/. a. [Jis and'value.] To
undervalue ; to fet a low price upon.

Her reputation was dijvaiyid
In levity. ' Sbakejftare't Mtajurtfar Mtajurt.

The very fame pride which prompu a man to

Taunt and overvalue what he is, does as forcibly

incline him to contemn and dijavcw what he has.

Cwcrnmmt of the Tongue.

To Disve'lop. v. a, [^develofer, French.]
To uncover. Di£i.

Disu'nion. n,f. [</;V and «»/■«».]
I. Separation ; disjunflion.

Reft is moft oppofite to motion, the immediate

(aufe of dijumon. Glanvi/li'i Scrf/s.

Difunitn of the corporeal principles, and the

vital, caufcth death. Grfw's Cojmologia Sacra.

Let not peace be made before the difunion of

Trance and Spain. jiddifott's Statt of tie ffur.

The ftrengthofit will join itfcif to France, and

grow the defer to it by its difunion from the reft.

./iddijm M the IVar.

z. Breach of concord.

To Disuni'te. v. a. \dis and unite.]

1. To 'eparate ; to divide.

The bcaft they then divide, and difunite
The ribs and limbs. Papt's Odyffey.

2. To part friends or allies.
SeDlsuNi'iE. ni.n. [dis uni unite.] To

fall afunder ; to become feparate.

Whi.e every particular member of the publick
provides folcly for itfelf, the fevcral joints of the
body politick do feparate and dijunite, and fo be-
come ur>able to fupport the whole. South.

Disu'nity. n,/. [dis and u/iitjt.] A ftale
of a£lual reparation.

Difuniiy is the natural property of matter, which

is nothing elfe but an infinite congeries of phyfical

monads. More.

Disu'sACE. n, /. [dis and u/age.] The

gradual ceHation of ufe or cultoni.

They cut offprefently fuch things as might be
cxtinguilhed without danger, leaving the reft to be
aboliHied by difu/age through trafl of time. Hooker.
DlStj'sE. n.f. [dis and u/e.]

1. Ceflation of ufe; defuetudc ; want of
praftice.

The difu/t of the tongue is the orly efFedual re-
medy agaiiift thefe. Addifon'i Guardian,

2. Ceflation of cnHom.

That obligation upon the lands did not prefcribe,
or come into dijujct butty fifty confccutive years.

jlrbuthnot.

To Disu'sg. v. a. [dis and ufe.]
\, To ceafe to make ufe of.

'Tis law, (hfiughcuflom now diverts thecourfc !
As nittirr'i inftitutc is yet in force,
Vncanc;ird, though difjs'd. Drydtn's Fai/et.
Priam in arms dij'ui'd invella his limbs decny'd.

Dryden.

i. To difaccuftonv: with/r<ww or to ; more
properIy/ro*T.

D:jife mil from the ((ucafy pain
Of hcinj btlov'd aail leviiij;. Honm.

D I T

He (hall his troops for Bghtlt.g fields preptt*>
Diki'd It toils and triumphs of the war.

Dr}d<n'i yEfirirf.

To Dssvo'o c H. i;. a. [dis znd vouch.] To
deftroy the credit of; to contradift.

Every letter he hath writ hath diffcuch'd ano-
ther. Stakeffeare.

Diswi'tted. adj. [dis and ou/V.] De-
prived of the wits ; mad; diftraded.
A word not in ufe.

She ran away alone ;
Which whtn they heard, there was not one
But hafted after to be gone,
As (he had been diftvilltd. Drayton's Nymftid.

DiT. ». /. [ dicht, Dutch.] A ditty ; a
poem ; a tune. Obfolete.

No bird but did her (hriU notes fweetly fing ;
No fong but did contain a lovely dii. Fairy Sueen.

Dita'tion. n.f. [ditatus, Latin.] The
aft of enriching.

Thofe eaftern worlhippers intended rather ho-
mage than dilation j the blelfed virgin comes in the
form of poverty. Hall's Ccntcmflationi.

DITCH. »./ [bic, Saxon ; diii, Erfe.]
I . A trench cut in the ground, ufually be-
tween fields.

Some a(ked for manors, others for acres that
lay convenient for them ; that he would pull down
his fences, and level his ditcbei.

Arkuthnot's Hiflory of John Bull.
Sudden the ditches fwell, the meadows fwinn.^

Thomjar,.

z. Any long narrow receptacle of water :
ufed fometimes of a fmall river in con-
tempt.

In the great plagues there were feen, in di-
vers ditches and low grounds about London, many
toads that had tails three inches long. Bacon.

3. The moat with which a foruefs is fur-
rounded.

The ditches, fuch as they were, were altogether
dry, and eafy to be pafiiid over. Knolles.

4. bitch is ufed, in compofition, of any
thing worthlefs, or thrown away into
ditches.

Poor Tom, when the foul fiend rages, eats cow-
dung for fallets, fwallows the old rat, and the ditcb-
dog. Shakeffeare.

Tff Ditch, v. n. [from the noun.] To

make a ditch.
I have employed my time,be(ides</)fciiB|:, in (1-

nilhing my travels. '^'"■f''

Ditch-delivered, adj. [difcb and de-

li-ver.] Brought forth in a ditch.

Finger of birth-ftranglcd babe,
Ditcb-dtlitier'd by a drab. Shakefp. Macbeth.

D i't c H E R . ». /. Lfron» ''''''■*• ] °"^ ^'•^
digs ditches.

You merit new employments daily.
Our thatcher, ditcher, gard'ner, baily. Smft.
Dithyra'mbicic. n.f. [ dithyramhus ,
Latin.]

A fong in honour of Bacchus ; m which

anciently, and now among the Italians,

the diftraftion of ebriety is imitated.

Any poem written with wildnefs and

enthufiafm.

thyr<v'mbick. «J<^'. Wild ; enthuC-

Di

a (lick.

Pindar does new words and (igares roll
Down his impetuous diihyramhick tide. CoivUy.

Ditta'nder. H./. The fame with pep-

perwort,
Di'ttanv. n.f. [diSlamnus, Latin.]

Dittany hath been renowned, formany ages, upon

the account of its fovereign qualities in medicines.
' It is generally brought over dry from the ^"*"^'

D I V

Virgil reports of diiiem, that the w!M goats est
it when they are (hot with darts.

More'i Antidote againj} Alheifin,

Tii'TTitD. adj. [irom dittj.] Sung; ad-
apted to mufick.

He, with bis foft pipe, and fmooth dittitd fong,

Well knows to ftill the wild winds when they

roar. Milton,

DITTY, n.f. [dicht, Dutch,] A poem
to be fung ; a fong.

Although we lay altogether afide the confidera-
tion oi ditty or matter, the very harmony of founds
being framed in due fort, and carried from the ear
to the fpiritual faculties of our fouls, is, by a native
puilTance and efiicacy, greatly available to bring to
a perfcft temper whatfoevcr is there troubled.

Htokert
Being young, I framed to the harp
Many an Englilh ditty lovely well.
And gave the tongue a helpful ornament. Sbak,

Strike the melodious harp, (hriil timbrels ring.
And to the warbling lute foft ditties (ing. Sandys,

His annual wound in Lebanon, allur'd
The Syrian damfels to lament his fate.
In am'rous ditties, all a fummer's day. Milton,

Mean while the rural ditties were not mute,
TemperM to th* oaten flute j
Rough fatyrs danc'd. Milton,

They will be fighing and finging under thy in-
exorable windows lamentable diitiei, and call thee
cruel. Dryden.

Diva'n. n. /. [ an Arabick or Turkifh
word. ]

1. The council of the Oriental princes.

2. Any council aflembled : ufed commonly
in a fenfe of diflike.

Forth rulh'd in hafte the great confulting pecrs^
Rais'd from the dark divan, and with like joy
Congratulant approach'd him. Milton,.

Swift to the queen the herald Medon ran,
Who heard the confult of the dire divan.

Pope's Odypy.
To DIVA'RICATE. v, n. [ dii>aricatus,.
Latin.] To be parted into two; to be-
come bifid.

The partitions are ftrained acrofs : one of them
divaricates into two, and another into fcveral fmall
ones. Wmdtvard,

To Diva'ricatb. t/. «. To divide intO'
two.

A (lender pipe is produced forward towards the

throat, whereinto it is at laft inferted, and is there

divaricated, after the fame manner as thc.fperma*

tick ve(rcls. Grew,

D I V A R I c a't ion. n.f. [di'varicatioy'LzX.]

1. Partition into two.
Dogs, tunning before their mafters, will ftop at

a divarication of tlie way, till they fee which hand:
their martcrs will take. Aay.

2. Divifion of opinions.

To take away ail do)iJ)t, or any probable d'tverU
cation, the curfe is plainly fpccilied.

Broivn't J/'ulgar Errourt,

To DIVE. -v. n. [bippan, Saxon.]
1. To fink voluntarily under water.

I am not yet informed, whether when a diver
diveth, having his eyes open, and fwimmcth upon-
bis back, he fees things in the air greater or Ids.
Baton's f^'atural Hijicty*
Around our pole the fpiry dragon glides.
And, like a winding ftream, the bears divides,
The Icfs and greater ; wlio, by fate's decree.
Abhor to dive beneath the fouthcrn fea.

Dryden s ftrgil.
That the air in the blood-vclTels of live bodiea
has a communication with the outward air, I
think, fcems plain, from the experiments of hu-
man creatures being able to bear air of much
greater denfity in diving, and of much lefs upon
the tops of mountains, provided the changes be
. 1. L...j.,..iiir Arhtthnot,-

raade gradually.

Artnthmt,

z. To

D I V

t. To go under water in fearch of any

tiling- . ,

CncodUes defend thofe pearls which lie in the

lakes: the poor Indians are eaten up by them,

when they di-vc for the pearl. Raleigh't Hifiiry.

The knave dcferves it, when he tempu the

main,

Where folly fights for kings, or</f«« for gain.

Pofc.

3. To go deep into any queftion, doc-
trine, or fcience.

The w'ts that Jm'JtaaH deep, and foar'd mod
ligh.
Seeking man's pow'rs, have foond his wcaknefj
fuch. D<iv!es.

' He performs all this out of his own fund, with-
out tlrwig into the arts and fcienccs for a fupply.
* • Dryrlin.

■Wherfoever we would proceed beyond thole
Cmple ideas, and d'nit farther into the nature of
things, we fall prefently into darknefs and ob-
fcurity. Loike.

You fwim a-top, and on the furface drive ;
But to the depths of nature never Jive, Blackmore,
You Jhould have div'ii intu my inmoft thoughts.

4. To immerge into any bufmefs or con-
dition.

Sweet prince, th' untainted virtue of your years
Hath not yet div'il into the world's deceit,
Nor can diltinguifli. Shairjftart'% Richard III.

5. To depart from obfervation ; to fink.

Dire, thoughts, down to my foul. Sbaicfjaan,
To Dive. o/. a. To explore by diving.
Then Brutus, Rome's nrft martyr, I mud namcj
Tfe Curtii bravely Ji-v'd the gulph of fame.

Din bam.

To Dive'll. 1/. a. [di-vil/e, Latin.] To
pull; to feparate ; to fever.

They begin to f-parate; and may be eafily di-
velled or parted afunder. Brc-wn's I'ulg. Err.

l)i'vER. jr./ [from dive.']

1. One that finks voluntarily under water.

Pcrfeverance gains the divtri prize.

Vope'i Dunciad.

2. One that goes under water in fearch of
treafure.

It is evident, from the relation of divers and
£fliers for pearls, that there are many kinds of
fiiell-filh which lie perpetually concealed in the
d*!ep, l^.reened from our figh*. ff'ocdv^ard.

3 . He that enters deep into knowledge or
fludy.

He would have hina, » I conceive it, to be no

fuperficial and floating artificer j but a <//ver into
caufes, and into the myftcries of proportion.

IVmliui's Arehiltfture.

To DIVE'RGE. v. n. [ di-vergo, Latin. ]
To tend various ways from one point.

Homogenral rays, which flow from feveral points
of any otjeft, and fall perpendicularly on any re-
fleeing furface, Ihall afterwards drvtrge from f
many points. Ntnvurt.

Divf/rgent.«<^'. [from di-vergens, Lat.]
Tending to various parts from one
point.

Di'vERS. adj. [di-verfus, Latin.] Several ;
fundry ; more than one. It is now grown
out of ufe.

We have d'njtrt examples in the church of fuel
aa, by fear, being compelled to facrilice to ftrang--
gods, repented, and kept ftill the office of preach
ing the gofpel. JVhitgtfi.

The teeth breed when the child is a year and n
half old : then they catl them, and new on,s come
about If ven years j but d'nitri have backward teeth
come at twenty, fome at thirty and forty.

Baciti'i Natural JUJIory.

D'mers letters were (hot into the city with ar-
Mwt, wherein Solyman'i couQcili were revealed.

Kiit/lti.

t> r V

Dlvm friends thought it ftrange, tnit i white
dry body (hould acquire a rich cobur upon the ef-
fufion of fpring>water. Boy/e on Cclmin.

Di'vERSE. adj. [di'ver/us, Latin.]

1. Different from another.

Four gr-at beads came up from the fea, d'lverfe
one from another. Dan. vii. i,.

2. DLferent from itfelf ; various ; multi-
form; difFufed.

Eloquence is a great and diverfe thing, nor did
fhe yet ever favour any man fo much as to be
wholly his. Ben yonf^r.

3. In different direflions. It is litde ufed
but in the laft fenfe.

The gourd
And thirfty cucumber, whrn they perceive
Th' approaching olive, with rcfentment fly
Her fatty fibres, and with tendrils creep
D'rutrjt, detelling contact. Pbil/tpi.

To feiae his papers. Curl, was next thy carej
His papers light fly divtrjt tod in air.

Papers Dunciad.

Diversifica'tion. n. /. [from diver-

JifyA

I. The aft of changing forms or quali-
ties.

If you confiderbowvarioully feveral things may
be compounded, you will not wonder that fnch
fruitful principles, or manners of diverjificatim,
fhould generate differing colours.

Boyle on Coloun.

i. Variation ; variegation.

3. Variety of forms; multiformity.

4. Change; alteration.

Tlii", which is here called a change of will, is
not a change of his will, but a change in the ob-
jed, which fcems to make a diverjijicaiion of the
will, but indeed is the fame will diverfified,

Ha/e^t Origin 0/ Mankind.

7*0 Dive'rsify. -v. a. {ditjerjifier , ft.]

1. To make different from another; to
diftinguiih ; to difcriminate.

There may be many fpecies of fpirits, as much
feparated and dtverjijitd one from another as the
fpecies of fenfible things are didinguifhed one frjm
another. Locke.

Male fouls are diverjlfied with fo many charac
ters, that the world has not variety of materials
fuf&cient to furnifb out their different inclinations.
AddiJiiCi SpeHator.

It was eafier for Homer to find proper feuti
mcnis for Grecian generals, than for Milton to di
verjify bis infernal council with proper charadlers.
Add'ijoni Spedator.

2. To make different from itfelf; to vary;
to variegate.

The country being di-verjijied between hills and
dales, woods and plains, one place more clear,
another more darkfome, it is a pleafaot picture.

Sidney

There is, in the producing of fome fpecies, a

compofition of matter, which may be much diver-

Jljied. Bacon.

Dive'rsion. n./. [from divert.']

1. The aft of turning &ify thing ofF from
its courfe.

Cutting off the tops, and pulling off the huds,
work retention of the fap for a time, and dixerjion
of it to the fprouts that were not f .rward.

Bacons Natural Hijlory.
1 have ranked this diverfan of Chriftian praftice
among the cffedt of our contentions.

Duty of Piny.

2. The caufe by which any thing is turned
from its proper courfe or tendency,

Fortunes, honour, friends.
Are mere divtrji*n\ from love's proper objeft.
Which only is itfelf. Denbam'i Sophy.

3. Sport; fomething that unbends the
mind by turning it off from care. Di-

\ D I V

verfion fecms to be fomething lighter
than amitfement, and lefs forcible than
pleafure.

You for thofe ends whole days lo councirfit.

And the diver/ions of your youth forget. fVa/Ier, ■
In the book of games and diverJiotiSj the reader's
mind may be fuppofcd to be relaxed.

yiddifcn'i Speflatar.
Such produ^ions of wit and humour as expofo
vice and folly, furnirti u(t(u\ diver^ons to readers.

j^ddij'n''s Freehofder.

4. [In war.] The aft or purpofe of draw-
ing the enemy off from fome defign,
by threatening or attacking a diftant
part.

Dive'rsit Y. n.f. \d'i'verjtte , French; from-
di-verjltai, Latin,]

1. Difference; diflimilitude ; unlikenefs.

Then is there in this diverjity no contrariety.

Hcoker.
They cannot be divided, but they will prove
oppofitc; and, not reding in a bare &'fir/fry, rife
into a contrariety. South,

The mod common diverjiiy of human conditu-
tions arifes from the folii parts, ai to their diffe-
rent degrees of dtength and tcnfion.

Arbuthnot on Aliments.

2. Variety.

The diverjity of ceremonies in this kind ought
not »o caufe didenfion in churches. Hooker.

Society cannot (ubiid without a dii'erjity of da-
tions; and if God (hould grant every one a middle
dation, he would defeat the very fcherae of happi-
nefs propofed in it. Rogers^

3. Diftinft being ; not identity.

Corifidering any thing as cxiding at any deter-
mined time and place, we compare it with icfeif
exiding at another time, and thereon form the
ideas of identity and Jivtrfity, Loch.

4. Variegation.

A waving glow his bloomy beds difplay,
Blufhing in bright divcrjities of day. Pofe. ■

Di'vEt?!. >r. adv. [from diverfe.]

1. In different ways; differently; vari-
oufly.

The lack we all have, as well of ghodly as or
earthly favours, is in each kind ealily known;
but the gifts of God arc fo diverjly kedowcd, that
it feldom appeareth what all receive: what all
ftand in need of feldom lieth hid. Hooker.

Both of them do diverjiy- -worh, as they have
their medium djverjly difpofed.

Bacon's Natural Hijlory.

Whether the king did permit it to .'ave his
purfe, or to communicate the envy of a bufinefs
difpleafing to his people, wsxsdivcrjly interpreted,

Bacor^.

I.eicfder bewrayed a defirc to plant him in the
queen's favour, which was diverjly interpreted by
fuch as thought tliat great artizan of courts to do
nothing by chance, nor much by affection.

fyotton.

The univerfal matter, which Mofes compre-
hendeth under the names of heaven and earth, ic
by divers diverjly underftood. Rmejgh's Hijlory,

William'* arm
Could nought avail, however fam'd in war;
Nor armies Icagu'd, that diverjly affay'd
To curb his power. Phillipsi

2. In different direftions ; to differentr
points.

On life's vaft ocean diverjly v»e fail ;
Reafon the card, but pafTion is the gale. Pope,

To DIVE'RT. V. a. [diverto, Latin.]
I, To turn off. from any direftlon or
courfe.

I rather will fubjeiV me to the malice
Of a divtrnd blood and bloody brother.

Shele^intrr;

Kro»«,

D I V

Knott, by the conflux of the raeetiBg fipi
InfcQ the found pine, and divtrl his grain,
Tortive and cirajit, from his courfe of growth.

Sbakfff>eart.

He findalno reafon to have hi« rent abated, be-
caufe a greater part of it is JivtrtiJ from his land-
lord. Locke.

They divtrtei raillery from improper objefts,
lECgave a new turn to ridicule.

Add'tjini FrecholJir.

Nothing more is requifite for producing all the
variety of colours, and degrees of refrangibility,
than tliat the rays of light be bodies of different
fizes ; the leaft of which may make violet, the
weakeft and darkeft of the colours, and be more
tafily divtrted by rcfrafting furfaccs from the right
courfe; and the reft, as they are bigijor and big.
ger, make the Itronger and more lucid colours,
blue, green, yellow, and red, and be more and
more difficultly divtrted. Newtcn.

2. To draw forces to a different part.

The kings of England would have had an ahfo-
lute conqueft of Ireland, if their whole power had
been employed ; but ftill there arcfe fundry occa-
fions, which divided and diverted their power fome
other way. Davits in Irdand',

.3. To withdraw the mind.

Alas, how firaple, to thefe catcs compar'd,
Was that crude apple that diverted £\ e I

Milton's Ptiradife Regained.

They avoid pleafure, left they diould have their
tfic^ions tainted by any fenfuality, and di'.-rrted
from the love of him who is to be the only com-
fort, jiddifott on Italy.

Maro's mule, not wholly bent
On what is gainful, fometimes Ihe divert!
From folid coonfcl. Phillips.

4. To pleafe ; to exhilarate. See Diver-
sion.

An ingenious gentleman did divert or inftruft
the kingdom by his papers. StviJ't.

5. To fubvert ; to dettroy ; in Shakefpeare,
unlefs it belong to the firft fenfe.

frights, changes, horrours.
Divert and .crack, rend and deracinate
The unity and married calm of ftjt»s. Shakejp.
Dive'rter. n. f. [from the verb.] Any
thing that diverts or alleviates.'

Angling was, after tedious ftudy, a reft to his
mind, a cheerer of his fpirrts, and a divetter of
fadnefs. tfalion.

To DIVERTI'SE. f . a. [di-vertj/er, Fr.
^/i»(rr/o, Latin.] To pleafe; to exhila-
rate ; to divert. A word now little
ufed.

X.et orators inftruQ, let them diveritfe, and let
them move us; this is what is properly meant by
the vmxi/all. Dry den.

Dive'rtisement. ti. /. {di-vertijjimcnt,
French.] Diverfion ; delight; pleafure.
A word now not much in ufe.

How fond fnever men arc of bad divertifemcnt,
it will prove mirth which ends in heavinefs.

Grverrmint if the Tongue.

Dive'rtive. <i(^'. \fromdi'uert.'\ Recrea-
tive ; amufive ; exhilarating. A word
not fully authorized.

I would not exclude the common accidents of
life, nor even things of a pleafant and divrrtive
nature, fo they arc ianocent, from couverfation.

Rogers.

To DIVF/ST. V. a. [ de-ve/lir, French.
The Englilh word is therefore more
properly written deaiej}. See Deve«t.]
To ftrip ; to make naked ; to denude.

Then of his arms Androgeus he dive/Is;
His fword, his (hield, he takes, and plumed crerts.

Dinham.

Jxt ui diveft the gay phantom of temporal hap.
(incCs of all that faUe luftre ind ornament in

D I V

wh^ch the pride, the paffions, and the folly of
men have dreflcd it up. Rogers,

Dive'sture. n.f. [from di-ve/l.] The att
of putting up.

The dive/lure of mortality difpenfes them from
thofc laborious and avocating duties which are here
requifite to be performed . Beyle's Seraphitk Love.

Divi'dable. cuij. [from divide.^ Sepa-
rate ; different ; parted. A word not
in ufe.

Hi>w could communities maintain
Peaceful commerce from dividahle fliores ?

Shakefpcare.

Divi'dant. adj. [from di'vide.] Differ-
ent ; feparate. A word not in ufe.

Twinn'd brothers of one womb,
Whofc procreation, rcfidence, and birth
Scarce is dividant, touch with feveral fortunes.

Shakefpectrt,

To DIVIDE, v. a. [di-vido, Latin.]

1, To part one whole into different
pieces.

Divide the living child into two, and give half
to the one, and half to the other. 1 fCingi.

Let old Timotheus yield the prize,

Or both divide the crown ;
He rais'd a mortal to the ikies.

She drew an angel down. Dryd. St. Cecil.

They were divided into little independent focic'.

ties, fpeaking different languages. Locke.

2. To feparate; to keep apart, by (land-
ing as a partition between.

Let there be a firmament in the midft of the
waters, and let it divide the waters from the wa-
ters. Genres.

You muff go
Where feas, and winds, and defarts will divide yru.

Drydcn,

-3. To difunite by difcord.

There (hall five in One houfe be diviJcd. Luke.

4. To deal out ; to give in fhares.

Then in the midll a tearing groan did break
The name of Anthony ; it was divided
Between her heart and lips. Sbakrfpeare.

Divide the prey into two parts; between them
that took the war upon them, who went nut to
battle ; and between all the con^jrcj^atiin. Nunih.

Cham and Japhct were heads and princes over
their families, ajid had a right to divide the earth
by families. Lccke.

To Divi'de. 'V. n.

1. To part ; to funder.

2. To break friendlhip.

l.nve cools, friend (hip falls off".
Brothers divide. Shaktfpcare's King Lear.

Di'viDEND. »,/. [from divide."]

1 . A fhare ; the part allotted iii divi-
fion.

Each perfon (li.ill adapt to hlmfelf his peculiar
(hare, like o:her dividends. Decay of Piety.

If on fucii petty merits you conler
So vaft a prize, let each his portion (hare :
Make a juft dividend ; and, if not all.
The griater part to Djomcde will ('all.

Dryden's Fatles.

2. [In arithmetick.] Dividfitdis the num-
ber given to be parted or divided.

Cocker's Arithmetick,
Divi'der. ti.f. [from divide. "]

1. That which parts any thing into
pieces.

According as the body moved, the divider did
more and more enter into the divided boi!y ; fo it
joined itfelf to foa?e jicw parts of the medium, or
divided budy^ and did in like manner furfake
others. ^'gl'y on the Soul.

2. A diftributor; he who deals out to each
his fhar«.

Wlio miie rae a judge or divider over you ?

Uke.

D I V

3. A dtfuniter; the perfon or caufe tb«t
breaks concord.

Money, the great divider of the world, hatli,
by a ftrange revolution, been the great unitcr of a
divided people. Stiifi,

4. A particular kind of compaffes.

Divi'dual. tidj. [dii/idnus, Latin.] Di-
vided; fhared or participated in com-
mon with others.

She (hines,
Rcvolv'd on heav'n'a gr.;at axle, and her reign
With thoufand leffer lights dividual holds,
With thoufand thoufanJ ftars ! Miitm.

Divina'tjon. n./. [div.'natio, Latin.]

1. Di'vination is a prediftion or foretelling
of future things, which are of a fecret
and hidden nature, and cannot be
known by any human means.

Ayliffe's Parerten.

Certain tokens they noted in birds, or in the

entrails of beads, or by other the like frivolius

divinations. Hsokir.

Surely thine is no enchantment againff Jacob,

neither is there, any d'tviniitivn againft Ifra;!.

NumUrs*
His countenance did innprint an awe,
And naturally all fouls to his did bow ;

As wands of divination downward draw.
And point to beds where fov' reign gold doth grow.

Drydtn.
The excellency of the foul is feen by its power
of divining in dreams : that feveral fuch divina-
tions have been made, none can que.lion who be-
lieves the holy writings. Add:jtn,

2. Conjeftural prefage or prediftion.

Tell thou thy earl his divination lies,
And I will take it as a fweet difgrace.

'Shakefp. Henry IV.

DIVI'NE. adj. [di-vintts, Latin.]

1. Partaking of the nature of God.

Her line
Was hero-make, half human, hM divine.

Dryden.

2. Proceeding from Godj not natural;

not human.

The benefit of nature's light is not thought ex-
cluded as unneccffary, bccaufe the neceflity of a
divive light is magnified. Hooker,

Inllrufled, you'd explore
Divine contrivance, and a God adore. Blackmore.

j. Excellent in a fupreme degree. In
this fenfe it may admit of compari-
fon.

The divine/! and the richeft mind.
Both by art's purchaf^ and by nature's dower.
That ever was from heav'n to earth confin'd.

Davies,

4. Prefageful ; divining ; prefcient.

Yet oft hii heart, divine of fomething ill,
Mifgavc iiim ; he the faulc'ring meafure felt.

Milton,

Divi'ne. tt./.

1. A minifler of the gofpel; a priellj a
clergyman.

Claudio mull die to-morrow; let him be fur-
nilhed with divinesy and have all charitable prepa-
ration. Shakefpcare,

Give Martins leave t"* proceed in his difcourfe ;
for h: fpokc like a divine in armour.

Bacon's Moly H^ar,

A divine has nothing to Ciy to the wifcll con-
grcgation, which he may not exorefs in a mahncr
to be underffood by the meanclt among them.

Svi/i.

2. A man Ikilled in divinity; a theolo-
gian.

Th' eternal caafe in their immortal lines
Was taught, and poets were the firli d'tvincs.

Denhani.
To

- D I V

?e Divi'ne. -y. a. [di'vino, Latin.] To
foretel; to foreknow; to prefage.

Why doft thou fay king Richard is jcpos'd »
Dar'ft thou, thou little beC'.er thing than earth,
T)':vine his downfal .' Shakijfearc.

To Divi'ne. -u. ».

I . To utter prognoftication.

Then is Csefar and he knit tngether.— If 1
were to diiht of this unity, I would not prophefy
fj. Shakcfpcare.

The prophets thereof (/ifiM for money.

M<V. iii.ii.
s. To feel prefages.

If fecret powers
Suggeft but troth to my di-vnthg thought?,
This pretty lad will prove our country's blifs.

Shakfjfeari.
3. To conjefture ; to gtjefs.

The beft 01' commentators can but gucfs at his
meaning; none can be certain he has Jivina!
rightly. Dryd. Juvmal, DedUaUon.

He took it with a bow, and foon divin'd
The feeming toy was not for nought defign'd.

Drjdin,
In change of tomnent would be eafe:
Could you d'rvine what lovers bear, .

E\en you, Prometheus, would confefs
There is no vulture like acfpair. Cranvillt.
Divi'nei.v. ad-v. [from di-vine,"]

1. By the agency or influence of God.

Faith, as we ufe the word, called commonly di-
vine faith, has to d> with no propofitions but
thofe which are fuppoj'ed to be d'rvintly infpired.

Loike.
This topick was very fitly and dnhrly made
ufe o> by our apollle, in his conference with phi-
ioCofbtn, and the inquifitive people of Athens.

Bemley.

2. Excellently; in the fupreme degree.

The Grecians znoft divintty have given to the
a^ive perfefti'-.n of men, a name exprciTing both
beauty and goodncfs. Jiccker,

She fair, dmittely fair! fi: love for gods. Afz/rcn.

Exalted Socrates ! divinely brave !
Injur'd he fell, and dying he forgave;
Too noble for revenge. Cracb^s jfttvetiaK

3. In a manner noting a deity.

His golden bomi appear'd,
That on the forehead /hone divintiy bright,
And o'er the banks diffus'd a yellow Wfht. Mdif.
Divi'neness. n. J. [from di'vint.'\

1. Divinity ; participation of the divine
nature.

Is it then impolTiblc to diftiogu'fh the drvinenejt
of this book from that which is humane ? Griiu.

2. Excellence in the fupreme degree.

By Jupiter, an angel I or, if not,
j*n earthly paragon : behold dh'wtite/i
No elder than a boy. Siakrff' fore's Cymhetine,

Divi'ner. n. /. [from To di-vine.]

1. One that profeffes divination, or the
art of revealing occult things by fuper-
natural means.

This drudge of the devil, thu diviner, laid claim
to me, called me Dronio, and fworc 1 was affured
10 her; told rae what privy marks 1 had abiut
nic. Shakrjpeares Comedy of Errouri-

Expelled hit eracles, and common ten.plet o!
dcialion, the devil runs into corners, exercifin^
meaner trumperies, and a^ing his deceits in
witches, magici^s, divinert, and fuch inferior
ieducers. Brvuia't yklg<tr Emuri.

2. Conjefturer ; gueffer.

If he bimklf be conl'cious of nothing he ihtn
thought on, he muft be a notable dimr.er ot
thoughU, that can affuse him that he was thi: k-
ing. Luke.

Divi'neress. n. f. [from di'i'inei'.] A
propbetefs ; a woman profeffing divina-
tion.

The mad divifterefs h«d pl.iinly writ,
A time (bsuld come, but many ages yet.

D I V

In which finifter deftinies crdair,
A dame fliould drown with all her feather'd train.

Drydi-ti,

Divi'nity. ». /. [di<vtniie, French;
from divinitas, Latin.]

1. Participation of the nature and excel-
lence of God ; deity ; gtxlhead.

As with new wine intoxicated both.
They fwim in mirth, and fancy that they feci
Drvimty within them breeding wings,
Wherewith to fcorn the earth. Milton.

When he attributes druinity to other things
than God, it is only a divinity by way of partici-
r^tion. Siiinv.gjteet.

2. God; the Deity ; the Supreme Being;
the Caufe of caufes.

'T)5 the Divinity .hat ftirs within u?,
'Tis Hciv'n itfelf that points out an hereafter.
And intimates eternity to man. Mdijon.

3. Falfe god.

Vain idols, deities that ne'er before
Tn Ifrael's lands had fix'd their dire abodes,
Beadly divinities, and droves of gods. Pritr.

4. Celeftial being.

Gcd doubllefs can govern this machine he could
create, by more direft and eafy methods than em-
ployingthefe fubfervient divir.iiia. Chcyne.

5. The icience of divine things; theology.

Hear him but reafon in divinity.
And, all admiring, with an inward willi
You would defirc the king were made a prelate.

Hbakejfeare.
Truft not my age.
My reverence, calling, nor divinity.
If this fweet lady lie not guiltlefs here
Under fome biting errour. ^hakcfpeari.

Among hard words I number thofe which are
peculiar to divinity, as it is a fcience. SiL-iftt

6. Something fupernatural.

They fay there \, divinity in odd number.*:,
either in nativity, chance, or death. Shakefteare.

DIVrSIBLE. adj. [ di-ui/ihtlis. Latin. ]
Capable of being divided into parts ;
difcerptible ; feparable.

When we frame in our minds any nation of
matter, we conceive nothing elfe but extenfion
and bulk, which is impenetrable, or d'ltiifihh and
P'^ivc. Bet:tley's .Sermons.

DivisiBi'Llxy. n. /. [di-vifibitite, Fr.]
The quality of admitting divifion or
feparation of parts.

The moft palpable abfurdities will prefs the
afferters of infinite divifHlity, Ghnville's Sceffn,

This will eafily appear to any one, who will let

his thoughts loofe in the vaft expansion of fpace,

or dh'ijibituy of matter. l.oike.

DiVl'siBLENESS. ti. /. [from divijibk.]

Divifibility.

Natonlifts difagree about the origin of motio'i,
and the indefinite divifihhnefs of matter. -BoyU.
Divi'sioN. n.f. [di-vijio, Latin.]

1. The ad of diriding any thing into
parts.

2. The ftate of being divided.

Ihou madeft the fpirit of the firmament, and
commanded it to part afundcr, and to make a
divijicn betwixt the waters. 2 Efdr. vi. 41.

3. That by which any thing is kept apart ;
partition.

4. The part which is feparated from the

reft by dividing.

If we lock into communities and divjji-ins of
men, we oblervc that the difcrect man, not the
witty, guides the converfation. Addifin's S/rA

5. Difunion; difcord ; difference.

There was a divifiin among the people, becaufe
of him. ^oA», vli. 43.

As to ottf d'pvijscns with the Romanifts, were
our . rfferences the projuft of heat, they would,
like fmall clefts in the ground, want but a cool
fealbo to cement them. Decay of Piety.

D I V

6. Parts into which a difcourfe is di/lri-
buted.

In the divijlons I have made, I have endeavour-
ed, the beil I could, to govern myfeif by the di-
verfity of matter. Loeke,

Exprefs the heads of your divijons in as few
and clear words as you can, otherwifc I never can
be able to retain tiiem. Stvift.

7. Space between the notes of mufick, or
parts of a mufical compofure ; juft time.

Thy tongue
Makes Welfli as fweet as ditties highly penn'd.
Sung by a fair queen in a fummer's bower.
With ravilhing divifion, to her lute.

Shakejptare's Henry IV.
Our tongue will run divijlcns in a tune, not
mifiing a note, eien when our thoughts are to-
tally engaged elfewhcre. Gtanville,

8. Diftinftion.

I will put a div'Jion between my people and thy
people. Exodus.

9. [In arithmetick.] The feparation or
parting of any number or quantity
given, into any parts affigned. Cocker.

10. Subdivifion; diftinftion of the gene-
ral into fpecies.

Abound
In the diiijion of each feveral crime.
Ailing it many ways. Sbakcjteare's Mactetb,

Divi'soR. 71./. [di'vi/or, Latin.] The
number given, by which the dividend
is divided ; the number which Iheweth
how many parts the dividend is to be
divided into.

DIVOHCE. n./. [diiitvce, French ; from
diiiortium, Latin.]

1. The legal feparation of hufband and
wife.

Divorce is a lawful feparation of huAand and
wife, made before a competent judge, on due cog-
nizance had of the caufe, and fufficient proof
made thereof. Ayhffe's Parergon,

To reftore the king.
He counfels a divorce, a lofs of her.
That like a jewel has hung twenty years
About his neck, yet never toll her luflre.

Sbckefpeare's Hcmy VIII.
He had in his eye tlic divorce which had paOcd
betwixt the emperor and Scribonia.

Dryden's Dedication to ite ^neid,

2. Separation; difunion.

Such motions may occafion a farther alienation
of mind, and divorce of alfeilions, in her, from my
religion. K. Charles.

Thefc things, to be a baftard, and to be born
out of lawful wedlock, are convertible the one
witli the other; and 'tis hard to make divorce be-
tween thofe things that are fo near in nature to
each other, as being convertible terms.

/lyliffe's Parergon^

3. The fentence by which a marriage is
diflblved.

4. The caufe of any penal feparation.

Go with me, like good angels, to my end f
And, as the long divorce of fteel falls on me.
Make of your prayers one fwect facrifice.
And liferay foul to heav'n. Shake/f. Henry VIII.

To Divo'rce. 1/. a. [from the noun.]

1, To feparatc a hulband or wife from the
other.

2. To' force afunder ; to feparate by vio-
lence.

Were it confonant unto reafon to divorce thefe
two fentenccs, the former of which doth /hew how
the latter is reftrained, and, not marking the for.
mer, to conclude by the latter of them.' Hooker.

The continent and the ifland were continued
together, within men's remembrance, by a draw-
bridge; but arc now divorced by the downfallen
cliDs* Caretv's Hurvey of Cornivall*

So

D 1 V

? ■ . youthful foul not ejs'ly fore'i,

Or . fo fwcet a feat (/worcV. tfalltr.

3. Tu R-;,ajiic from another.

If thou weit not glad,
I vrouM iivtici me from thy mither'j tomb,
Sepulch'ring on jJuttrefs. Sbaiffp. King Lear.
If fo be it wfre poflible, that all other oma-
ineuts of mind might b« had in their full perlec-
tSon, ncvtrthelffs the mind that (hould poffefs
them, d'taoreci from piety, could be but a fpeOacle
of commiferatton. Jloikcr.

4. To take away ; to put away.

I djxe not make myUlf fo guilty.
To give up wiiiiiigly that noble title
Your mailer wed me toi nothing but death
Shall eVr/iwerrt my dignities. Soji. JlenryVlll.

Atrial pafture the lungs with gentle force
Conilaat embrace by turns, by turns divorte,

Biaiimsrc,

Divo'rcemr-nt. ». / [from tiivorcc.']
Divorce ; feparation of marriage.

Write her a bill of dhiorceir.irt, and give it in
her hand, and fend her out of his houfe.

Deul. xxiv. I.

Bivo'rcer. h. /. [from tli'viirct.'\ The
perfon or caufe which produces divorce
or feparation.

Death is the violent eftranger of ac(]naintaace,
the eternal divorcer of marriage.

Drummfind^s Cypr, Crnve.

Diure'tick. adj. [Jiaj^TiK^.] Having
the power to provoke urine.

Dhircici! are dccoflions, emulfions, and oils
of emoU ent vegetables, that relax the urinary
palfages : fuch as relax ought to be tried before
fuch as force and ftimulare. Thofe emollients
ought to be taken in o^cn air, to hinder them from
ptrfpiring, and on empty (loniachs. yirbulbnot.

Gracfful as John, ihc moderates the rein!.
And whiftles fwect her diuretUk drains. Toung.

DIITRNAL. adj. [a'iunius, Latin.]
1. Relating to the day.

We obfcrve in a day, which is a (hort year, the
grcatct heat about two in the afternoon, when
the lun is pad the meridian, which is the diurnal
folitice, and the fame is evident from the thcrmo-
nieicr. Brirtvn'i P^uigar Erroun.

Think, ere this diurnal ftar
Leave cold the night, how we his gather'd beams
Rrfleiacd, may with matter fsre foment. Milton.

fl. Conftituting the day.

Why docs he order the diurnal hours
To leave eairth's other part, and rife in ours *

Prior.

3. Performed in a day ; daily ; quotidian.

The prime orb,

Incredible how fwift, had thither rowl'd

l)iurna!. Milton.

The diurnal and annual rcvoli.t'in of the fun

have been, from the beginning of nature, conl^unt,

regular, and univerfallyobfcrvable by all mankind.

' Lccte.

Dio'rnal. n./. [diurnal, Fr.] A jouf-

■nal ; a day-book.
Diu'rnallv. adv. [from diurnal.'^ Dai-
ly ; every day.

As we make tie enquiries, we fliall diurnally
ccmmunlcaie them to the publick. Tetlv .

Diutu'rkity. »./. [diuiurniias, Lat.]
Length of duration.

Suth a coming, as it might be faid that that
geieration (hould not plfs til! it was fulfilled, tliry
needed n^ fuppoft of fuch diutyrniiy.

• ■ ; Bromn'i Vulgar Erroun.

" To DIVU'LGE. -v. a. [divulgo, Lat.]
1. To publifli ; to make publick; to re-
veal to the world.

Men arc better contented to have their com-

mendations fupprcCcd, than the contrary much

Jivutgtd. Ihoke.

I will pluck the veil of modcfty from the (a

D O

feemTng mlftrefs Page, and divulge Pagt hlinfdf
for a fecure and wilful Afteon.

SbakeJieari'i Merry tfivei offVindJor.

Thefe anfwers, in the filcnt night receiv'd,
The king himlelf (/ivb/^V, the land believ'd.

Drydin'i JEneid.

You are deprived of the right over your own
fentiments, of the privilege of every human crea-
ture, to di'vulgi or conceal them. Pope.

The cabinets of the fick, and the clofets of
the dead, have been ranfacked to publirt) private
letters, and divulge to all mankind the moR. it-
cret fentiments ot friendlhip. Pope,

2. To proclaim ; to declare by a publick
aa.

This is true glory and renvwn, when God,
Looking on th' earth, with approbation marks
The jull man, utdjivulget him through lieav'n
To all his angels, who with true applaufe
Recount his praifes. Miilon's Paradije Loft.

Divo'lcer. «./. [from di'vulge.] A pub-
lilher; one that expofcs to publick
view.

I think not any thing in my letters could tend
fo much to my reproach, as the odious divulging
of them did to the infamy of the divulgers.

King Cborlet.

Divu'lsion. h. /. [di-vulfio, Lat.] The
aft of plucking away.

Ariftotle, in his Ethicks, takes up the conceit
of the beaver, and the divulficn of his tefticlcs.

Brian's Vulgar Erroun.

To Di'zEN. -v. a. [This word feems cor-
rupted from dighi.] To drefs ; to deck j
to rig out. A low word.

Your lady/hip lifts up the falh to be fcen ;
For fure I had dizen'd you out like a queen.

Sioift.
Di'zzA rd. n.f. [from dixKy."] A block-
head ; a fool. Z)/V?.
Di'y.ziNESs. n.f. [from dizzy.'] Giddi-
nefs ; whirl in the head.

Fixed ferioufnefs beats the brain in fometodif-
traftion, and caufeth an aching and dixxinefs in
founder heads. Glanville.

Dl'ZZY. adj. [bip, bip5, Saxon]
I . Gid J^ ; vertiginous ; having in the
head the fenfation of turning round.

All on a fuddcn mifcrablc pain
Surpris'd thee, dim thine eyes, and dixxy fwam
In darknefs. Mi/ton's Paradifc Loft.

Z. Caufing giddinefs.

How fearful
And dixxy 'tis to caft one's eyes (o low !

Shahfpeare'i King Lear,

3. Giddy ; thoughtlefj.

What followers, what retinue canit than gain ?
Or at thy heels the dizxy multitude,
Longer than thou can'fl feed them on thy cod i

Milton.

7*0 Di'zzv. "v, a, [from the adjeftivc.]
To whirl round; to make giddy.

Not the dreadful fpout,
. (Which (hipmen do the hurricano call.

Shall dixxy with more clamour Neptune's ear
In his ddcent, than fliall my prompted fword
Falling on Diomede. Sbni. Triclus and Crejjida.
To divide him inventorially, would diaxy the
arithmetick of memory. Shaktjprari.

To DO. v. a. Thou dc/l, he doth or does ;
preter. did ; part. paff. done, [bon. Sax.
dtjen, Dutch.]

1. To praitife or aft any thing good or
bad.

Thou hid dent evil above all that were bef ire

thee. J K'.rg!.

Flee evil, and </;) good. Pj'alms.

2. To perform ; to achieve.
They help, who hurt fo fmall j

And he hath nothing dene, that dtib not atl.

Daniil.

DO ,

Learn to live well, that thoo miyft die fo to«|
To live and die is all we have to rfr. Dent,:m.

What is the teafnn a man's arm won't fmile
and froA'n, and do all the intclle£iual podurcs of
the countenance ? Collitr,

3. To execute; to difcharge.

Mayo.ne, that is a heralJ and a prince,
Do a fair mcfl'age to his kingly cars'

Sbairfp,::rc's Triolus and CreffiJt,
I'indaru^ is come
To d» yon falutation from his mader.

Sbake/feare't 'juliui Ctr/ar.

The jury prayed of the fcnatc a guard, that

they might do their confciences. Batcti,

4. To caufe. This ftrudture is obfolete.

A fatal plague which many did to dye. SpenJ.-r,
Nought can quench mine inly flaming fice.
Nor lea of liquor cold, nor lake of mire,
Nothing but death can dp m; to rcfpirc. Fairy S^.
J. To tranfift.

The thing was not dost in a corner.

jifli, xxvi. zt.

6. To produce any effeft to another.

If he did not care whether he hid their love or
no, he waved indifferently 'twixt doing them nei-
ther good nor harm. Sbake/peare'i Corielanui.

Thou had, Sebadian, done good feature (hame.

Sbak^ffeare,

If there be any good th'rg to be dene.
That may to tlice do eafe, and grace to me.
Speak to me. Sbakejpeare' t Uamlel.

'Tis true, I did fo; nor was it in vain:
She did me right, and fatisfied my vengeance.

Ro".ve.

You do her too much horour 1 (he hath neither
fcnfe nor tadc, if' (he dares to rctulc jou. Swift.

7. To have recourfe to ; to praflife as the
laft effort : commonly in the form of a
pafiionate interrogation.

What will yc do in the end thereof? Jer. v. %i.

8. To perform for the benefit or hurt of
anotlier.

1 know what God will do for me. Sam. xxii. 3.

Adts of mercy done to the poor, (hall be ac-
cepted and rewarded as done to our Saviour him-
fclf. Altcihsry,

9. To exert ; to put forth.

Do thy. diligence to come fhortly unto me.

2 Tim. iv. 9.

10. To manage byway of intercourfe or
dealing ; to have bufinefs ; to deal.

I have been detcired by an indilpofition from,
having much to do with deams of fo dangerous a
nature. Biyle.

What had I to i& » ith kings and courts ?
My humble lot had cad me far beneath them.

Koive.

11 . To gain ; to efFefl by influence.

It is much that a jed with a fad brow will d>
with a fellow that never had the ache in his
Ihoulders. Shakejpcjre'i IIrnry]V.

His queen, notwithdandiiig (he h^d prcftntej
him with divers children, and with a crown alio,
though he would not acknowledge it, could do no-
thing with him. Bacan,

12. To make any thing wh.-it it is not.

Od' with the crown, and w^th the crown his
head;
And whild we breathe take him to do him dead.

Sbakijf.arc.

13. To finilh; to end.

At for this mercy.
Which he intends for Lear and for Cordelia,
The battle done, and they within our power.
Shall never fee his pardon. Shakefpian.

Go to the reading of fome part of the New
Tedament, not carclefsly, or in hade, as if you
had a mind to have done', but attentively, as to
be able to give fomc account of what you have
read. Dupfa.

Gigantick hinds, as foon as work was dt,nc.
To their huge pots of bailing puife would run.

Dryd'r..

14. T.

D O

14. To conclude ; to fettle.

Tlicy did their work and din'd. Prior.

When all is dmc, there is no man can ferve his
own intereft better than by ferring God.

1$. To put. ^

Why, Warwick, who fliould do the duke to

"^■^. , Uahjttart.

The lord Aubrey Vere
Was dtnt to death. Shahfitare's Hcr.ry VI.

16. The phrafe, 'what to do ijuith, fignifies
how to beflow ; what ufe to make of;
what courfe to take ; how to employ ;
which way to get rid of.

Men are many times brought to that extremity,

thai if It were not for Gad, they would not know

•wlal todo-wUb themfcJTes, or how to enjoy them-

fclvcs for one hour. TMoifon.

To Do. -v. n.

1 . To aft or behave in any manner well or
ill.

Unto this day they </. afterthe former manners -.
they fear not the Lord, neither do they after the
law and commandment which the Lord command-
ed the children of Jacob. ^ Kru.

A« every prince ftould govern as he would deiire
to be governed, fo every fubjcft ought to obey as
be would defire to be obeyed, according to the
maxim of doing as we would be done by. Timt/e.

2. To make an end; to conclude. This
is only in the compound preterite.

You may ramble a whole day, and everv mo-
mcntdilcoverfomething new; but when vou have
</=«, you will have but a confufed notion of the
P'^'- ^ , ■ . Sj„cljfcr.

I 0 ceale to be concerned with ; to ceale

DOC

to care about ; to defirt from notice or
praftice : only in the compound prete-
rite.

No men would make ufe of difunited parties to
di.lroy one body, unlefs they were fure to mafter
them when they had diat luhi them. SilUmgficii

1 have dent -with Chaucer, when I have anlwerei
feme objeftions. Drydm.

We have not yet dent -wUb aCenting to propofil
tior.3 at firft hearing, and undcrftanding th-ir
terms. r i

Having d<miv!:th fuch amufements, we give up
what we cannot difown. ' p^.^

4. To fare ; to be with regard to ficknefs
or health.

Gjod woman, how J^JI th->u ?
-— ^The better that it pleafes your good worfliip

5. To fucceed ; to fulfil a purpofe.

Come, -tisno matter; we iha.J do «iithout him.

Vou would do well to prefer a bill tfil^t'^x '
kmjs and parliament lince the conqueft ■ and if
thJt wont J/i, chalieogc tlie crown. % '

6. To deal with.

No niM<. who hath to do with the kinc, will
thmk himfelf fate, unlef, you be his »oud mgel.
and guide him. " jj^

7. To Do is ufcd for any verb, to fave the
repetition of the word : as, I Jiall com,,
tul / / do not, go aiuaj ; tliat jj, // /
tome mt. ''

Thus painters Cupids paint, thus p^ets J,
A naked god, blind, young, with arrows too.

Ifany tiling io the world deferve our ft/j^'';
flady and confide,at,o„,thofe principles of religion

"Xake all thing, which r.lax rh. vein,; '^'tt"
rf^r fo, prevents too vigorous a motion thro^sh ,hc
arteries. - , " , ^

Don a word of vehement command •
or earncft requell : a., help m,, do ; mSe
hajt€, do.
Vol. I,

Ifthou had loft thy land, rf,f ot alfo loie thy
conftancy ; and if tlicu mult die a little fooner,
yet do not die impatiently.

T-'ylcr'sliulcofHoIyLnhr.
— Loofe me — I will free theo.
—Do, and I'll be thy Dave. Drydcn's Kmg /Irth.

9. lo Do IS put before verts fometinies
^/P.'";vely : as, / do love, or / love;
1 did lo-ve, or / lo-ued.

The Turks do acknowledge God the Father,
creator of heaven and earth, being the Hrft Perfon
in the Trmity, though they deny the reft.

._, . . „ Bacon s H'Jy IVar.

1 bis juft reproach their virtue </«j excite.

_ , . . Dryden't JEmid.

Expletives their feeble aid do join. Pope.

10. Sometimes emphatically ; as, / do
hate him, hut nuill not luroiig him,
„ Perdition catch my foul
But I do love thee ; and when I love thee not.
Chaos is come again. Shairfftari', Othdh.

' 'V 5.°'""""*^ by way of oppofition : as,
/did love him, iutjlorn him no-iu.

ToDoAT.'v. n. SeeToDoTE.

^0;CiBLIi. "'(/. [doalis, Lat.] Trafta-
Die ; docile ; ealy to be Mught."

Tiie afinine feaft of fow-thiftles and brambles
IS commonly fet before them, as all the food and
entertainment of their tendered and mod docMe

r^^i'' ' M:h.n.

DociBLENEls. n. /. [ from docihle. ]
Teachablenefs j docility j readinefs to
learn.

I might enlarge in commrndation of the noble
hound, as alfo of the doabUcj, of dogs in general.

DO CILE. adj. [docilit, Latin.] ^

1. Teachable ; eafily inllruaed ; trada-
ble.

Dogs foon grow accuftomed to whaever they
arc taught, and, being docile and tractable, are verv

2. With to before the thing taoght.

Soon docile to the fccret ails of ill.
With fmiles I could betray, with temper kill. />Wor.
Doci'litv. n.f. [donlitJ, Ft. from dcci-
Ittas Lat.] Aptnefs to be taught ; tea-
dinefs to learn.

All the pcrfcftion they allowed his under/land,
ing was aptnefs and doiHiiy, and all that they at-
tributed to his will wa» a poiiibiliiy to be virtuous.

,17. . , . Siiift.

What IS more admirable than the firnefs of very
creature fonife ? the Joci.'ity of an elephant, and
the inbiiencyof a camel for travelling in dcfuts >

UocK. »./, [bocca, Saxon.] A plant ; a
weed.

The fpecies arc feienteen, ten of which grow
wild, feveral of them being ufeJ in medicin-j and
the fort called the oriental burdock, is f^id rr> be
the true rhubarb. MiUe

_ . . Nothing teems

But hateful dvh, rough thirties, k.-ckfie», hurs
Lolmg both b, auty and utility. Sh^i. Henry V.

My love for gentle Uermot farter grows
Than yon tall docJi that rifes to thy nofe :
Cut down the </,.*, 'twill fprout again ; but knorv
fCVrr"""'' ""' 'S''™ **" """ eruvv. Jwif,'.

1. The ftump of the tail, which remains
after doling. ^

2. The folid part of the tail.

The tail of a great rhinoceros is not wi-ll dc-
fcnbcd by Rontiui. Thedoct is about half an inch
thick, and two inches broad, ^kr an apnth carv's
fpatula. Cr..-,,; M.f^um.

UocK. n.f. [as fome imagine, of iuyy<',.'\
A place where water is let in or out at
plcafure, where Ihips are built or laid up.

DOC

The boatfwim and mariner may bring religion
to what </.c* they pleafe. %.W?.

1 here are dock, for their gallies and men of
war, as well as work-houfes for all land and naval
preparations. ^, ,.,

' Addipn.

To Dock. V. a. [from dock, a tail. 1

1. To cut off a tail. ■■

2. To cut any thing (hort.

One or two ftood conflant centry, who docked ^\\
favours handed down ; and fpread a huge intifib i
ne between the prince and fubjeft, through wiii.h
nothing of value could pafs. si>ife, iJJI^^^

3. To cut oiF a reckoning ; to cut off an

4. To lay the fhip in a dock.
Do'cKET. n /. A direaion tied upon

goods ; a fummary pf a larger writing.

DOCTOR. „./. [doaor, Latin.] ^''^'
I. One that has taken the highell degree
in the faculties of divinity, law, or phy-
iick. In fame univerfities they have
dodors of mufick. m its original im-
port. It means a man fo well verfed in
his faculty as to be qualified to teach it.

Who did re.ufe three thoufand ducats of me.
And begg d the ring. Sb.ie/p. Merchan, of knice.

Then ftood there up one in the council, a Pha
rifee, named C,maliel,a doBor of laws, ^flr'v J'

2. A man flcilled in any profeffiom ^^"

Ca^iift? r"^'"''''"'^'"'''?'"" '"^''<' th'ir pride.
Cafu.fts,hke cocks, ftruck out each other's eyes.

Each prcfelyte would vote hi, doaor beft^'"*"""
With abfolute exclufion to the reft. r,„ j

3. Aphyfician; one who undertakes the
cure of difeafes.

,.,?,>','"='■'''='"= '■"'<: -nay be prolonE'd, vet death
Wm feue the doBor toi. W.*,/^V. Cvtt^,^
How does your patient, dcffor J J"""'"^-

—Not fo fick, my lord.
As Ihe is troubled with thick coming fancies.

Children will not take thofe medicines from the
d^a^. hand, which th.y will f.om a nu"b o^

■?"-' ,1. ■ , ,. Co^vernme.t of, he Tongue.

To pothecaries let the learnd preliribe. ^
i. ha: men may die without a double bribe •
Let them, but under their fuperiors kill '
When doaor, firft have fagn'd the bloody'biU.

He that can cure by recreation, and mak^'puT'
fure rte vehicle of health, i. .doctor at it in "^

vefr::js;e-ctihei^:;^"^r

4- Any able or learned man. ^"^'^^

l h.- fimpleft perlbn, that can but apprehend
and fjicak fenfe, is as much judge ofTaT th!
greatey.„Hnthefchoo,. liJy':/lZ

To Do CTOR. .V. a. [from the noun.] To

phyfick ; to cure ; to treat with medi- "

cines. A low word.
Do'crORAL.fl,-)-. idoaoralis,hi.t.-\ Relat

•ng to the degree of a dodor.
Do'oTORALLv. .7^T,. [ from ^»^„ra/. 1 In

mannerofadodtor. -• "

Tlie phyficians reforted to him to touch his
pulfe. and conf.der of hi, difeafe doBoraU, a their

Do cTORSHiP. v.f [from doaor.] The
rank of a doftor. ■•

From, a kholar he became a fellow, and then
he nrefidcnt o. the colleje. after he hid received

' "^ _, Clarendon.

4 V, Doctri'nal.

D O D

J)OCT*.\'kai. eJJ. [deffriiia, LM\a.]
i. Containing doArine, or fomeihing for-
mally uught.

'ITic Mtfle iMtorally iftbfJs u" the titftrirul pro-
fo£it>on, which liiall be cur fabjetV. St*.*i.

2. PertaiaLng to tivc aft or means of teach-
ing.

To this end tl.e woiJ oC Cod no otbtrwifc fer-
•^tb, than only in the sawrt ot' a dtdri/ial ioftru-
nicnf. Hoeitr.

Wbit fpecial ptopetty or quality is that, which,
b'-Vng DO where found but in Icrraons, maketh them
eifi.ftu;il to fave fouU, and leavcth all other tUfiri-
njl meaaa btfido dcfticiiteo^vital efficacy ? Hukrr.

Doctri'nal. n. /. Something that is

part of doftrine.
Not f»cl« aa aifent to trery word in Tcriptuie,

can be bid in ^o^Wio/i to deny ChrilK Sfutt.
Doctri'n ALLY, flr/x'. [from JoiHrini.] In

the form of dodrintj pofitively ; as

neceflkry to be held.

Scripture accommodates itfel/to comtnon opi-

rion3, and employs the ufual tbrnu ot fpeech,

without delivering any chinj doBntially concerning

. tbcfe poinM. _ ■ Jtay-

Do'cTRiNE. n. f. [afc<3rraa, Latin.]

1. The principles or pofitioas of any fed
or mailer ; that which is taught.

To make new articles of faith and dotlr'ntf, no
man thinkalh it lawful : new laws of government,
what church or cimmorwcalth is there which
maketh not, eiehn- ar one time or other ? Huier.

Yc are the fons of clergy, who bring all their
dcSrinet fajj^y to the light, and invite men with
he*iam to cx.imine them. jiiu-riury.

That greit principle in natural philofophy is the
dcflrim of gravitation, or mutual tendency of all
bodies toward each other. Wdttiilmf.cfibcMind.

J. The aa of teaching.

He faid unto them in his diffr'we. Mart, iv. 2.
Do'cuMEN.T. n. /. [Jocume/itum, Latin.]
». Precept; inftruAion ; dircftion.

U is a mod neceflary inftruSion and JotuKtr.t
for them, that as her majefty made them difpen-
faturs of her fiavour, fo it behovcth them to Aicw
themf':!ves equal diltributors. Bacon.

Learners fhould net be &>o much crowded with
a heap os multitude of dBcumtr.ti or ideas at one
time. , fV.uti.

2. Precept, in an ill fenfe ; a precept info-
lently authoritative, magifterially dog-
matical, folcmnly trifling.

.Gentle infinuations pierce, as oil is the moft
g»netrating of all liquors ; but in magiftcrial do-
lunkRtt men think themfdves attacked, and ftand
«pon their guard. Cot!crr.meni of tbt tor.guc*

It is not unnecediry to digcll the dotumtm of
ciiJting authors iiito fcvcral clafTes.

Ilaivty on Conjutnpticm.

DO'DDER. ». /. [touterm, to ftioot up,
Dutch. SAinmtr,}

Dodder i» a fingula: plant: when it firft (hoots
faun the feed it has little roots, which pierce the
urth near the roou of other plants ; but the ca-
piliamcau of which it is formed foon after ding-
ing abfut thefe plants, the roou wither away.
From this time it propagates itfeif along the (Valks
ef the plant, entangling itfrlf about them. It has
no leaves, hut conuils of capillamonts or ftalks,
brownilh VMth a caft of red, which run to great
lengths. They have tubercles, -wliich ftx tliem
faft down to the plant, and by means of which they
abforb the juices dcAined for its oourilhment.

//.//.

Do'DntitrD. adj. {{torn do.ider.'] Over-
grown with dodder; covered with luper-
crefccnt plants.

Near the h'arth a Llurel grrv,
JJtirfivVwi'.hagc, whofclKjughu cncompafs round
Ttw boufthold |ods, and ihaac the holy ground.

DOE

• The peafants were eajoin'i
Ser<-WO»d, and firs, and dtddtr'd oaks to find.

Dryden'l Fat/ei.

Dode'c*cO!i. n. /. [^o/hKd, and 7»»;<«.]
A figure of twelve fides.

Do D S C A T E VIO'r I O N . n./. [ J* JlK«I'!/*»ftl>».]

The twelfth part.

■Tia'Aii^rarnnoriM thus defcrib'd !
Thrice ten degrees, which every fign contains,
Let twelve exhauft, that not one part remains ;
It follows ftreight, that e\ciy twelfth confines
Two whole and one half portion of the figos.

To Dodge, v. n. [probably corrupted
from dog ; to ftiift, and play fly tricks,
like a dog.]

1. To ufe craft ; to deal with tergivcrfa-
tion ; to play mean tricks ; to ufe low
fliifts.

If in good offices and due retributions we may
not be pinchipg and niggardly, it argues an earthly
and Ignoble mind, where we have apparently wrong-
ed, to higgle and dodge in the amends.

Ualt'i Cotiltmplai'nn.

The canfideratjon fliould noake gien grow wcarj
of dodging and fhcwing tricks with God. Soutb.

2. To Ihift place as another approaches.

For he had, any lime this ten years full,
DoJs'dv\ti\ him betwixt Cambridge and the Bull.
* Milton.

3. To play faft and loofe ; to raife expec-
tations and difappoint them.

You know my paliion for Martha, and wltat a
dance flic has led me ; flie dodged with mc above
thirty years. Adiif'm.

The chaffering with difl'entcrs, and dodging about
this or t'other ceremony, is but like opening a
few wickets, and leaving them a-jar ; by which no
more than one can get in at a time. Stuiji.

4. The word in all its fenfes is low and

vulgar.
Do'd k I n . n./ [duyileti, Dutch.] A dolt-
kin or little doit ; a contemptuous name
for a low coin.

I would not buy them for a dodkin.

Lily'i Grammar corjirued.
Do'dman. n.f. The name of a fifli.

Fiih that caft their fliell are the lohrtcr, the crab,

the craw-fifti, the hodmandod or dodman, and the

tortoifc. Banrt.

Doe. n.f. [ba, Saxon; daa, Danifti ;

Jama, Latin.] A flie deer ; the female

of a buck.

Then but forbear your food a little while.
While, like a doc, 1 go to find my fawn.
And give it fond. Hbakefpiart^s Aiyou like il.

Bucks have horns, dca none. Bac. Nat, Bift.
The fearful dot
And flying flag amidft tlie greyhounds go.

Drydeni Virgil.

DoE. n.f. [from To do.] A feat ; what one
has to do ; what one can perform.

No foouer he does peep into
The world, hut he has done his (fc<. Hudihras.
Do'er. n.f. [from To do.]

1. One that does any thing good or bad.

So foul a thing, O ! thou injufticc art,
Thattort'tcft both the d'itr and diftrelf. Dane!.

!• may be indeed a public crime, or a national
mifchief i yet it is but a private aft, and the dvr
of it may cbaiKC to pay his head for his prefump-
tion. i'«"^-

2. Aftor ; agent.

Sith thus tar we open the things that have been
done, let not the principal dtcri thcmfclves be for-
gotten. Hooker.

3. Performer.

One judgcth the priie to the bcft dur, of which
they arc no UU gUd than great prioco are of rri-
uraphs. Siiinry.

DOG

4. An ateve, or bufy, or valiant perfon.

■Fear not, my lord, we will not fta.id to prate |
Talkers are no good doer: : be alTur'd,
We go to ufe our bands, and not our tongues.

^hakrjfeare.

They ate great fpeakers but fmaU doin ; greater
in (hew thaa in deed. Knollti'i Hijiirj,

5. One that habitually performs or prac-
tifes.

Be doers of the word, and not hearers only.

Commat Prayer,

In this we (hew ourfelves weak, and unapt to be
diets of his will, in that we take upon us 0 be
controllers of his wifdom. Uaokcr,

Does. The third perfon from^, for doth.

Though lending to foreigners, upon ufe, doth
not at all alter the balance ot"" trade bet\veen thofo
countries, yet it doa alter the exchange between
thofe countries. Lecit'

To Doff. 1/. a. [from do off.]
I. To put offdrefs.

You have deceiv*d our trul^.
And made us dsff o\>r eafy robes of peace.
To cru(h our old limbs in ungentle ((eel.

Sl'akeJJuare''i Hmry IV.
X)o^ thofe links. Milun'e jlgoniftei.

Nature, in awe to him.
Had doffd her gaudy tnm,

Witli Ger great mafter fo to fympathiae. Milton,
That judge is hot, and difft his gown.

Drydm^s yuverai.
Alcidcs di-ffi the lion's tawny hide, Rotot,

1. To ftrip ; to deveft of any thing.

Why art thou troubled, Herod ? What vain fear
Thy blood-revolving breaft doth move ?

Heav'n's king, who doffi himfclf our flefli to
wear,
Comes not to rule in wrath, but ferve in love.

Crafhavit

3 . To put away ; to get rid of.

Your eye in Scotland
Would create fold.crs, and make women fight.
To rfs^ their dire diltrclfcs. Hhukijp. Macillh,

4. To Ihift off; to delay ; to refer to an-
other time ; to put off.

Every day thou doff'Ji me with fome device,
lago ; and rather kcep'il from me all convcniency,
than fupplicftmewith the lead advantage of hope.

Sbakeffeare't Othello •

Away, I will not have to do with you.—
— £anft thou fo do^ mc ? Shaiejf. Much Ado.

5. This word is in all its fenles obfolete,
and fcarcely ufed except by rulHcks;
yet it is a pure and commodious word.

DOG. n.f. [dogghe, Dutch; canis, Lat.]

1 . A domeftic animal remarkably various
in his fpccies ; comprifmg the malUff,
the fpaniel, the bulldog, the greyhound,
the hound, the terrier, the cur, with
many others. The larger fort are ufed
as a guard ; the lefs for fports.

Such fmiling rogues as thele looth every pa(ri)>n >
Renege, affirm, and turn their halcyon beaks
With ev'ry gale and vary of their mailers.
As knowing nought, like dogs, but following.

Shakeffeare's King Ltai\

Wliy (hould we not tliink a watch and piftol as
di(lin£t fpecies one from another, as a horfe and a
dog f Locke^

The clamour roan of men, and boys, and dogi,

Thcmjon,

2. A conftellation called Sirius, or Cani-
cula, rifing and fetting with the fun
during the canicular days, or dog days.

Among the fouthcrn condellations, two there
are who bear the name of the dog ; tiie one in fix-
tcen degrees latitude, containing on the Ict't thigh
a ftar of the firft magnitude, ufually called Procyon,
or Anticanus. Brovins Vulgar Errcun,

It parts the twins and crab, the dog divides,

I And Argo'skedtliat broke the frothy tides. Creech,
3. A

r

DOG

3. Areproachful name for a man.

I never heard a paHion fo confus'd.
So ftrange, outrageous, and fo variable.
As the itg Jew did utter in the ftreets. Sttkeff.

Beware of Jogs, bevi .e of evil workers.

Fli/. ili. 2.

4. 7*9 gi-ve or fend to the Dogs ; to throw
away. To go to the DoGS ; to be ruined,
deftroyed, or devoured.

Hadwhole Colepepcr'swealth beenbops and hogs.
Could he himfelf have fent it to the dog! f Pore.

5. It is ofed as the term for the male of fe-
veral fpecies : as, die dog fox, the Jog
Otter.

If ever I tlianfc any man, I'll thxnk you ; but
that they call compliments is like the encounter of
two Jtig apes. Shakef^are.

The Came ill tafte of fenfe will ferve to join
Dog foxes in the yoke, and Iheer the fwinc. Dryil.

6. Dog is a particle added to any thing,
to mark meannefs, or degeneracy, or
worthleflnefs : as, dog rofe.

To Doc. v. e. [from the noun.] To hmit,
jij a dog, infidioufly and indefatigably.

I li«»e tUrfd him like his murthcter. Shahff
I, his despiteful Juno, fent him forth
From courtly friends, with camping foes to live.
Where death and iingadog the heels of worth.

Sbakefpiarr.
Sorrow dogging fin.
Afflictions forted. Rfriert.

I fear the dread events that dug them both.
Left fome ill-greeting touch attempt the perfon
Of our renowned filler. Mi/isn.

Thefe fp'ritual joys trcdcggeJby no fad fequels.

Glaitville.

I have been purfued, deggij, and way-laid

through fevcral nations, and even now fcarce think

myfelf fecjre. p,^,.

Hate dogi their rife, and infult mocki their fail.

y^anilj of Human Wijhn.

DoG-FisHER. n f [dcg Aad/Jher.y A
kind of fi(h.
The dog.fjber is good againft the falling fick-

nefs.

t^alton.

Doc-TEETH, n.f. [dog and teeth.'] The
teeth in the human head next to the
grinders ; the eye-teeth.

The bcft inftrumcnts for dividing of herbs arc
incifor-teeth ; for cracking of hard fubl»ance~, :i.
bones and nutr, grinders, or mill-teeth} for di-
viding of flefli, iharjJ-pfjintod or Jog-iceib,

ArbulhnU on Mmei-.ti.

DoG-TRicK. «./ [dogmdtri^.] An ill
turn ; furly or brutal treatment.

l..arn better ninners, or I (hall lerve you a Jog.
tr'tik ; I'll make you know your rider.

,,, , , Drfdtn'i Don Stiajliafi.

Do OBAtiB. n.f [dcg and hane.] A plant.

AL//e,:

DoGBERRY-TRKE. A kind of cherrv.

Do CBOLT. „.f [dog and 60/1.] Of thu
word 1 know not tlie meaning, uniefa it
be. that when meal or flower is /ifted or
bolted to a certain degree, the coarfcr
part 13 called dogiolt. or flower for dogj.

His only folace was, tliat now
Hi. dgl-.li fortune was fo low.
That titlicr it murt quickly end,
Or torn about again, and mend. IludHrat.
Do 0 B » I A R . ,./ [^«^ and ir/ar.] Tlie
briar that be.irs the hip ; the cynofba-
ton. ■'

DoocHE-AP. „dj [dogznd cb,ap.-[ Cheap
as dogs meat ; cheap as the offal bought
tur dogn. "

<;o..J H.TC 9f harlotH fny yoB, uii dxgchfaf >

DOG

Do'gdats. «.f. [dog and days.] The days
in which the dogllar fifes and fets with
the fun, vulgarly reputed unwholefome.

Nor was it more in hia power to be without prft-
motion and titles, than for a healthy man to lit in
the fun, in the brighteft dc^dajs, and remain with-
out warmth. Clarendon.

Do'cDRAW. n.f. [dog and drteiv.'] A ma-
nifeft deprehenfion of an offender againfl
venifon in the foreft, when He is found
drawing after a deer by th« fcent of a
hound whichheleadsin hishand. Con.veIl.

Doge. n.f. [^/sg-f, Italian.] The title of
the chief magi ilrate of Venice and Ge-
noa.

Doria has a ftatue at the entrance of the doge's
palace, with the title of deliverer of the common-
we.-ilth. Addifon.

Do'gfish. n.f [from dog z.rxdffh.\ An-
other name for a fhark.
It it part of the jaw of a ihark, or dogfijh.

Vyoodviard.

Do'cFLv. n.f [dog and_/!y.] A voracious
biting fly. ^

Thump-buckler Mars began.
And at Minerva with a lance of brafs he headlong

ran ;
Thefe vile words ufliering his blows. Thou dogfiy,

whft's the caufe
Thou makeft gods fight thus ? Chafman'i Iliad.
Do'ccED. adj. [from<j'<i^.] Sullen; fourj
morofe ; ill-humoured ; gloomy.

Your uncle muft not know but you arc dead ?
I '11 fill thefe dogged fpies with falfe reports.

isiaktjfeare's King "John.
Dogged York, that readies at the moon,
Wht.fe over-wcening arm I have pluck'd back,
By falfe accufe doth level at my life.

, Sbiilnff tare's Henry VI.
Few miles on horfeback had they jogged.
But fortune unto them turn'd digged. H-Jdilras.
Do'cGEDLY. adv. [ from dogged. ] S ul-

'fly; gloomily; fourly ; morofely.
Do'gcedness. n.f. [ from dogged. ] Gloom

of mind; fullenneft ; morofenefs.
Do'cGER. n.f. [from dog, for its mean-
nefs. Siinutr.] A fraall Ihip with one
mart.

Do'cGER El.

eidj> [from dog.]
from the meal'ures or rules of regular
poetr^ ; vile
of vcrfes.

Loofed
regular
defpicable ; mean : ufed

DOG

Do'sHOLE. n.f. [dog and Me.] A vile
hole ; a mean habitation.

France is a dsghole, and it no ic£>re merits the
tread of a man's foot : to the wars. Shakejfeare.

But, could you be content to bid adieu
To the dear playhoufe, and the players too.
Sweet country feats are purchas'd ev'ry where.
With lands and gardens, at iefs price than here
You hire > darkfome dfgi'ole by the year.

DryJen's yuveXtt,
Revcrfe your ornaments, and hang them all
On fome patch'd dogbole ek'd with ends of wall.

Vope.
Do'cKENNEL. »./ [dog a.nd kennel.] A
little hut or ho«ie for dogs.

A certain nobleman, beginning with a Jcgkennel,
never lived to finifli the palace he had contrived.

Dry den.

I am defired to recommend a dtgiennel to airy

that (hall want a pack. Ttnlcn

Do'g LOUSE, n. f. [dog and loufe.] An in.

feft that harbours on dogs.
DO'GMA. n.f [Latin.]

1. Efhiblifhed principle ; do'ftrinal notion.

Our poet V.-1S a ftoick philofopher, and all his
moral fentences are drawn from thi dogmas of that
fea. J Dryicn.

2. [In canon law.] Dogma is that deter-
mination which confifls in, and has a
relation to, fome cafuillical point of doc-
trine, or fome dodririal part of the
chriflian faith. 4yf(fe'i Parergon.

Docma'tical. \adj. [horn dogma.] Avi-

Dogma'tick. j thoritative ; magifte-

rial ; pofitivC ; in the manner of a phi-

lofophcr laying down the lirll principles

of a k&.

The dim and bounded intellefl of man feldom
profperoudy adv«ntures to be dogmatical about
things that approach to infinite, whether in vaft-
ncfs or littlenci's. Boyle.

I laid by my natural diffidence and fcepticifn»
for a while, to take up that dogmatical way, which
is fo much his charaOcr. . Dryden.

Learning gives us a difcovery of our ignorance,
and keeps us from being peremptory and do^wafi..'

Then haden Og and Doeg to rthearfe.
Two fools that crutch tlieir frcble fcnfe on vcrfe j
Who by my mufe to all fuccecding times
Shili live, in fpitc of their own </s^'r</ rhymes.

Drydtn.
Your wit biirli-fque may one ftep higher climb.
And in his fphere may judge all dogg'rel rhyme.

Dryden.
It it a difpute among th»criticks, whether bur-
l!:lque poctiy runs beft in hcroick vcrfe, like that
ff the Dlfpcnlary ; or in ioggril, like that of Hu-
iJi*""'. MMfons SpcSlator.

Do'cGEREL. n.f Mean, defpicable,
worthlefs vcrfes.

1 he hand and head v^'erc never loft of thofe
Who dealt in dogg'rel, or who pin'd in profc.

Dryden'i Jutienal.
The vilfft dog£rel Grubftreet fends
Will pafs for yuiirs with foes and friends. Sicifi.
Do'ggish. adj. [from dog.] Churlilh ;

brutal.
Do'ghearted. adj. [dog and
Cruel ; pitilefs ; malicious.

His unkindnffs,
That ftript her from his beneditlioi>, turn'd her
To f'.Trign cafiialtiei;, gave her dear rights
T« his di,;i,eart^ daughter!. Shakei'f. K. tetr

heart. ]

cal in our determinations. Collier on Pride.

Ciititks write in a pofitive (/o^maririS way, »ith-
out either language, genius, or imagination.

Sp(^a:9r»
One of thefe authors is indeed fo grave, (cnten-
tious, dogmatical i rogue, that there is no enduring
him.
Dogma'ticaily. adv. [from dogmati-
cal.] M.igiflcrially ; pofitively.

1 (hall not prcfume to interpofc dogmatically in a
controvcrfy, which I look never to lee decided.

.'youth.

Doc ma'tic ALNESS, n.f. [from dogma-
tical.] The quality of being dogmati-
cal ; magifterialnefs ; mock authority.

Do'omatist. n.f [dogmatifte, Fr.] A
magifterial teacher ; a pofitive afferter ;
a bold advancer of principles.

I could (lefiribe the vanity of bold opinion,
which the dogmatifts thcmfclvcs demonftrate in all
the controvcrfies they arc engaged in.

Glatti^ille's Sceffi.
A dogmaiiJI in religion is not a great way off
from a bigot, and is in high danger of growing up
to be a bloody pcrfccutor.

ffatis's Im/irKement of the MinJ.

To Do'gmatize.t;. «. [from dogma.] To
affert pofitively ; to advance without
diftrull ; to teach magifterially.

'I liple, with the pride ol dogmaiixing fchools,
Jmpos'd on nature arbitrary rules ;
Forc'd her their vain inventions to obey.
And move as learned frenzy trac'd the way.
^ Blacktnori,

4 C z Dogma*

D O I

Dor.UATi'zER. ». /. \ from //egmatize.']
An afTerter ; a magillcrial teacher ; a
bold advancer of opinions.

Such op:nion«, bring not entered into the con-
fcfiions of our church, arc not properly chargeable
either on Papifts or ProteilantSy but on particuUr
Gtgmafia^eri of both parties. Hammcrtti.

Do'cROSE. n. /. \_dffg and rc/i.] The
flower of the hip.

Of the rough or hairy excrefcence, thofe on the
brUr> or Jogrcftf are a good indancc.

Derham's PhyJico-tbtDhgy.

Do'csLEEp. «. y; [dog zn^Jleep.'] Pre-
tended fleep.

Juvenal indeed mentions a drowfy hufband,
who raifcd an eftace by fnoriug ; but then he is
reprefcnted to have flept what the common people
call Jcfjlnf. A^iitjan.

Do'csMEAT. n. /. [dog and meat."] Re-

fufe ; vile ftuff ; offal like the flelh fold

to feed dogs.
His reverence bought of me the flower of all the

market ; thcfe are but dugjmtat to 'em. Drydtn.
Do'csTAR. n. f. [//of and_/?ar ; canicula,

Lat.] The liar wliich gives the name

to the dogdays.

All ftion the raging JogftM-'i fultry heat.
And from the half-unpeopled town retreat. jlJd.

Do'csTOOTH. n.f. [from Jog and tooth.'\
A plant. Miller.

Do'gtrot. n./. [Jog ini trot.} A gen-
tle trot like that of a dog.

This faid, they both aJvanc'd, and rode
A Hogtrct through the bawling crowd. Huaihrai.
Dogwe'arv. <J/^'. [dog znA nxieary .} Tired
as a dog ; exceffively weary.

Oh, marter, maftcr, 1 have watchM fo long.
That Vm di^gweary* Shak. taming ef the Shrciu,

Do'gwood. n.f. A fpecies of cornelian

cherry.
Doi'ly. »./. A fpecies of woollen ftuff ;

fo called, I fuppofe, from the name of

the firft maker.

We Qiould be as weary of one fet of acquaint-
ance, though never fo good, as we arc of one fuit,
though never fo fine : a fool, and a Joily ftuO',
would now jnd then find days of grace, and be
worn for variety. Cougrme's Way of the War Id.

Do'iNCs. n.f. [from To do. This word

has hardly any fingular.]
1. Things done ; events; tranfaftions.

1 have but Icill'd a fly.—
—But how if that fly had a father and mother ?
How would he hang his fl:nder gilded wings.
And buz lairiented doings in the air ! Sbakeffean.

z. Feats ; a£lions : good or bad.

The next degree was to mark all Zelmane^s
doirgtf f^Kcchcs, and fafhions, and to take them
unto bcrfelf, as a pattern of worthy proceeding.

S':drry.

If I'm ttaduc'd by tongues which neither know
My faculties nor perfor, yet will be
The chronicles of my doing, let mc fay
• Tis but the face of place, and ihe rough brake
That virtue murt go through. Sbalt, Hen. VIII.

At length a reverend fire among them came,
And of their dtinri great diflike dedar'd.
And teftiflcd againft their ways. Milton,

3. Behaviour ; conduft.

Never the earth on his round (boulders bare
A maid train'd up from high or low degree.

Thai in her dymgs better could compare
Mirth with rcffeft, few wards with curtcfy.

SiJiiy.

4. Conduft ; difpenfatton .

Dangerous it were for the feeble brains of man to
wade far into the dungi of the Moft High. Hooter.
r. Stir ; bulllc; tumult.

Shall {here be then, in the mtan while, no do-
ing! f Jiooler.

D O L

6. Feftivity ; merriment : as, jolly </w'»jf/.

7. This word is now only ufed in a ludi-
crous fenfe, or in low mean language.

After fuch miraculous doings, we ate i;ot yet in
a condition of bringing France to our terms. Swi/r.

Doit. «./. [duyt , Dtnch ; doyght, Erfe.]
A fmall piece of money.

When they wiU not give a doit to relieve a lame
beggar, they will lay out ten to f:e a dead Indian.
Shahfptare's Tanptjl.
In Anna's wars a foldier, poor and old,
Had dearly earn'd a little purfe of gold j
Tir'd with a tedious march, one luf kiefs night
He flept, poor dog ! and loft it to a doii. Fefe.
DOLE. «./ [from deal; balan, Saxon.]

1. The aft of dillribution or dealing.

It was yuur prefurmife.
That in the dolt of blows your fon might drop.

Sbakeffteare.

The perfonal fruition in any man cannot reach

to feel great riches : there is a cuftody of them, or

a power ofici/< and donative of them, orafame ot

tliem, but no folid ufe to the owner. Bacon.

At her general dole,

Each receives his ancient foul. Cltavdand.

2. Any thing dealt out or diftributed.

Now, my mafters, happy man be his dole, fay I ;
every man to his bufinefs. Sbalejjfieare.

Let us, that are unhurt and whole.
Fall on, and happy man he's dole. ■ Hudibras.

3. Provifions or money diftributed in cha-
rity.

They had fuch firm dependence on the day,
That need grew pamper'd, and forgot to pray ;
Si> fure the dole, fo ready at their call,
They Hood prcpar'd to fee the manna fall. Dryd.

Clients of old were feafted ; now a poor
Divided dole is dealt at th' outward door,
Which by the hungry rout is foon difpatch'd.

Vrydens ^u-venal.

4. Blows dealt out.

What if his eye-fight, for to Ifrael's God
Nothing is hard, by miracle reftor'd, ,
He now be dealing dole among his foes,
And over heaps of flaughtcr'd walk his way ?

Milton.

5. [from //c/or.] Grief; forrow ; mifery.
Obfolete.

Yonder they lie; the poor old man, thrir fa-
ther, making fuch pitiful d<de over them, that all
beholders take his part with weeping.

Sbakcjfeare's As you like it.
Our fomctime fifter, now our queen.
Have we, as 'twere, with a defeated joy.
With minh in funeral, and with dirge in marriage,
In equal fcale weighing delight and dsle, '
Taken to wife. Shakefjfieare's Hamlet.

They might hope to change
Torment with eafe, and fooned rccompcnfc
Dole with delight. Mi'tcn's Faradije Loft.

To Dole. -v. a. [from the noun.] To
deal ; to diftribute. DiSl.

Dole. »./. Void fpace left in tillage. DiSl.
Do'leful. adj. [dole znd /ill/.]

1 . Sorrowful ; difmal ; expreffing grief ;
querulous.

She earneltly tntreated to know the caufc there-
of, that either Oie might comfort or accompany
her doleful humour. Sidney.

For none but you, or who of you it learns.
Can rightfully aread (0 drleful \a'j, Spenfer,

With tVrcwed f ice, and doleful whine, they only
ply with fenfelcfs harangu:s of confcicDCC again/)
carnal oidinances. Soutb.

Juft then the hero caft a doleful cry.
And in thofe ardent flames began to fry :
The blind contagion rag'd within his veins. Dryd.

2. Melancholy; afflifted ; feeling grief;
forrowful.

How oft my doleful (i:e cry'd to laei tarry, fon.
When fitft he fyj'd my love, Sidney.

D O L

J. Difmal ; imprefling forrow ; dolorifick.

It watercth the heart to the end it may fruftify ;
maketh the virtuous, in trouble, full of magnani-
mity and courage ; fcrveth as a moft approved re.
medy againft all doleful and heavy accidents, which
befal men in this prefent life. Hooker,

No light, but rather darknefs vifible,
Scrv'd only to difcover fights of woe.
Regions of farrow, dileful ihadcs, where peace
And reft can never dwell ! Milton's Par. Loft.

Happy th; mortal man, who now at laft
Has through this doleful vale of mis'ry paft;
Who to his deftin'd nage has carried on
The tedious load, and laid his burden dpwn. Prior.

Do'le FULLY, adv. [{vom doleful.'] In a
doleful manner; forrowfully; difmally;
queruloufly.

Do'lefulness. n.f. [hom doleful.}

1. Sorrow; melancholy.

2. Qucruloufncfs.

3. Difmalnefs.

Do'leso.\ie. adj. [from dele.} Melan-
choly ; gloomy ; dilmal ; forrow/ul ;
doleful.

Hell-ward bending o'er the beach defcry
The dolefme pafla^e to th' infernal ^y.

/•o/w'i Odyjfcy-.

Do'lesomei.y. ad-v. [from dolefeme.} Jn
a dolefomc manner.

Do'i.EsoM ENESS. n.f. [from dolefome.}
Gloom ; melancholy ; difmalnefs.

Doi.L. n.f.

1. A contraftion of Dorothy.

Doll learfticit. Sbakifpeare.

2. A little girl's puppet or baby.
Do'llar. n. f. [daler, Dutch.] A Dutch

and German coin of different value,
from about tivo (hillings and fixpence to
four and fixpence.

He diftjurs'd
Ten thoufahd dollars for our gen'ral ufe.

Skakcffeare's Machetb,

Dolori'fick. adj. [ dolorificus , Latin.]
That which caufes grief or pain.

Thepain returned, difiiparing that vapour which
obftru£lcd the nerves, and giving \he dolorifick mo-
tion free palTage again. Ray%

This, by the foftncfs and rarity of the fluid, is
infenfible, and not dolorfik. yirbtitbnot on Air.
Do'lorous. adj. [from dolor, Latin.]

1 . Sorrowful ; doleful ; difmal ; gloomy ;
impreffing forrow.

We are taught, by his example, thatthe prefcnce
of dolorous and dreadful objefts, even in minds moft
perfefl, may, as clouds, overcaft all fcafjnable
joy. Hookir.

You take me in too dolorous a fenfe :
I fpake t' you for your comfort. Sbakefpeare.

Through many a dark and dreary vale
They pafs'd, and many a region dolorous.
O'er many a frozen, many a fiaiy alp.
Rocks, caves, lakes, lens, bogs, dens, and fliades
of death. M^'ton's Paradife Loft.

Talk not of ruling in this doTrous gloom.
Nor think vain words, he cried, can eafe my
doom. Pcfe,

2. Painful.

Their difpatch is quick, and lefs dolonux than
the paw of the bear, or teeth of the lion.

More's Antidote againft Aibeifm.
Do'lour. n.f. [(/o/w, Latin.]

1. Grief; forrow.

1 've words too few to take my leaveof you,
When the tongue's oflice (hould be prodigal,
To brcatlie th' abundant dolour of the heart. Shak.

2. Lamentation ; complaint.

Never troubling him either with aflcing quef-
tions, or finding fault with his melancholy; but
rather fitting to his dolour dolorous difcourfcs of
their own and other folks misfortune. Sidnty.

' 3- Pain;

1

DOM

DOM

DON

3. Pai'n J pang.

A mind fixed and bfnt upon fomewhat that Is
■ go'd, doth avert the dokars of death. Bacim.

Do'lphin. n.'f. [ifi'-'-hin, Latin; thougK
the dolphin is fuppofcd to be not the
fame fi(h.] The name of a iifli.

His driighrs
Were Jif/^in like; they rtievv'd his back above
'rlie element they liv'd in. Shaktffiare.

Draw boys riding upon goats, eagles, and Jol-
flins. Paekjm.

DOLT. «./. [M, Teutonick.] A heavy
ftupiJ fellow ; a blockhead ; a thick-
fcull , a loggerhead.

Let litilti in hafte fome altar fair ereft
To thcfc high pow>s, which idly fix. above* 5;</«.
Thcu haft not half that power to do me harm,
As I have to be hurt; oh gull, oh doh.
As ignorant as dirt ! $hak£jf>cjrc''s dbelh.

Like iTiCn condemn^ to thundcr-bults^
Who, ere the blow, become meie dJts;
They neither have the hearts to ftay.
Nor wit enough to run away. HuJiiras.

Wood's aiult*rate copper,
Which, as he fcattei'd, we, Ilk': di.':s,
Miftook at 5rft for ihundfr-bolts. Siv'tf:.

Do'ltish. adj. [from </»//.] Stupid;
mean ; dull ; blockilh.

Dametas, the mod arrant doliijh cIowB that ever
was without the privilege of a bauble. Sidney.

Do'm able. aJj. [Jemaiilit, Latin.] Tame-
able. Dia.

Doma'in. n. /. [Jomaine, French, from
dominium, Latin.]

1. Dominion; empire.

Rome's gicac erapeior, whofe wide domain
Had ample territory, wealth, and pow'r. AJilton.
Ocean trembles for his green dt^mj.n, Thomfttn.

2. Pofleffion; eflate.

A Latian field, with fruitful plains.
And a large poition of the Icing's J.mmiis-

Dryder'i jfEiuiJ.

3. The land about a maniion houfe occu-
pied by the lord.

Dome. n. /. [dome, French, from domus,
Latin.]

1 . A building ; a houfe ; a fabrick.

Beft be he caJl'd among good mer.
Who to hif God tliis column lais'd :

Though lightning flrike the dimt again,
Theman wiiobuikitihalibeprais'd. Prhr,

Stranger! whoe'er thou art, fecurely reft
Affianc'd in my faith, a friendly gucft ;
Approach the dmt, the focial banquet Ihare.

Pifc'i Odyjfij.

2. A hemifpherical arch ; a cupola.
DOME'STICAL. ) ,. .j „■ r ■.
DOME-STICK. I ^dj-[d'»^'P<^hLai.]

1 . Belonging to the houfe ; not relating to
things publick.

The nccefiities of man had at the firft no other

helps and fupplics than domejlica/ ; (uch as that

which the prophet implieth, faying, Can a mother

: foriet lier child ? Ifeoler.

The praftical knowledge of the domiftick duties
is the principal glory uf a woman. Cter\Jfi.

2. Private ; done at home ; not open.

In this their domtftkal celebration of the PafT-
ovcr, they divided fupper into two courfes.

Hmktr,

Beholding thus, O happy as a qneen !
We cry ; but (Kift the gaudy, flatt'ring fccnc.
View her at liuine in her d'.mJUck light,
For thither flic mull come, at lead at night*

GranvtlU.

3. Inhabiting the houfe ; not wild.

The faithtui prudent hulband is an honed,
tra'93ble, and damcflkk animji. jidd.hn'i Spilt.

JL. Not foreign ; inteiiine.

Dcm.JJicj! evils, for that we think we can mi.rter
them at all times, are often permitted to run on
forward, till it be too late to recall them.

Hooker J Dedicaticti*

Equality of two domcflkk pow'rs
Breeds fcrupulous faiiion. Sbak, Ant, and Qltcf.

Combine together 'gainft the enemy;
For thcle d(mcpuk and particular broils
Are not the queftion here. Shakefp. King Ltar.

Such they were, who might p.-el'ume t" have
done
Much for- the king ani honour of the ftatej

Having the chiefclt actions undcfj^^ae.
Both foreign and dtmcjliatlf of late. DanUL

Next to the fin of thofe who began that rebellion,
theirs muft needs be, who hindered the fpecjy fup-
prelfing of it, by darnip'uk dilTentitms. K. Clnir'es.

. To Do M e's 1 1 c A T E . t/. a. [from domeJHck.'\
To. make domellick; to withdraw from
the publick. Clarijfa.

Dome'stick. n. f. One kept in the fame
houfe.

A fctvant dwells remote from all knowledge of
his lord's purpofcs : he lives as a kind of foreigner
under tlie fame roof; a doincjiick, and yet a ftranger

too* South.

To Do'mify. v. a, \domifico, Latin.] To

tame. Did.

Do'min ANT. adj. \dr,m'nant, French ; do-

minans, Latin.] Predominant; prefid-

ing ; afcendant.
To DO'MINATE, m. a. [domhaius, Lat.]

To predominate ; to prevail over the

reft.

I thus conclude my theme.
The dominatirg humour makes the dream. Dryd.

DoMiN a'tion. ». y; \_dominatio, Latin.]

1. Power; dominion.

Thou and thine ufurp
The domwat'on, royalties, and rights
Of thisopprrfTcd l>oy. Shakf/ptarii King John.

2. Tyranny; infolent authority.

Maximinus traded with the Goths in the product
of his own eftate in Thracia, the place of his na-
tivity; whither he retired, to withdraw from the
unjud domination of Opilius Macrinus.

Arhutbmt on Corns.

J. One highly exalted in power: ufed of
angelick beings.

He heav n of heav'ns,and all the powers therein,
By thee created ; and by thee threw down
Til' afpiring dominations. MUton's Paradift Loft.

Hear, all ye angels, progeny of light.
Thrones, dominations, princedoms, virtues, pow'rs !

Milton.
Do'minative. adj. [{TOm dominate.'] Im-
periou; ; infolent. Di3.

DOMINA'TOR.n./.[hzt\n.'\ Thepre-
fiding or predominant power or influ-
ence.

Jupiter and Mars are dominators for this north-
weft pait of the world, which makcth the people
impatient of fcrritude, lovers of liberty, martial,
and courageous. Camden s Rcmumu

To Domine'er. "v. n. [dominor, Litin.]
To rule with infolence ; to fwell ; to
blufter ; to afl without controul.

Go to tlic fcatt, revel, and d^jmineer,
Caroufc full meafure. Shakeff. lam. oftheSbrr^o.

The voice of confcicncc now is low and weak,
chaftifing the pafTions, as old £1! did his luftfui
domineering fons. South.

Both would their little ends fecure j

He fighi fir freedom, flie for pow'r;

His wtflies tend abroad to roam.

And hers to domineer at home. Prio"-.

Domi'nical. adj. [dominicalh, Latin.]
That which notes the Lord's day, or
Sunday.

The cycle of the moon ferves to (hew the epafls,

and that of the fun the don^injcal letter, throughout

all their variations. Holder on Time.

Domi'nmon. ti.f. [dominium, Latin.]

I . Sovereign authority ; unlimited power.

They on the earth
D'minion exercife, and in the air.
Chiefly on man. Milton.

He gave us only over beaft, fifli, fowl.
Dominion abfolute ; that right we hold
By his donation : but man over man
He made not lord. Milton.

Bleft ufa of pow'r, O virtuous pride in kings'!
And like his kaunty whence dominion fprings.

Tiekell.

: 2. Power ; right of poffcflion or ufe, with-
out bcirtg accountable.

He could not have private dominion over that,
which was under the private dominion of another.

Loi'ke,

3. Territory; region ; diftrift : confide'red
as fubjeft.

T';"! donations of bifliopricks the kingsof Eng-
land did ever retain in all thcirf^cmmionr, when the
pope's ufurped authority was at thehigheft.

Davits on Inland,

4. Predominance ; afcendant.

Objefls placed foremoft ought tobemorefiniflied
than thofe caft behind, and to have dominion over
things confufcd and tranfient. Drydens Dufrejniy,

5. An order of angels.

By him were all things created, vifible and in-
vifiblc, wi)e!!ier they b.; throne* or dominions, or
principjlltie; or powers. Col. i. 16.

Don. n. f. [dominus, Latin.] The Spanifti
title for a gentlemar ; as, Don Quixote.
It is with us ufed ludicroufly.

To the great d:ns of wit,
Phtthns gives them full priviltge alone
To damn all others, and cry up their own. Dryd.
Do'n'hip. n, /. [fTom don.] Quality or
rank of a gentleman or knight.

I'm none of rhofe,
Your bofnm- friends, as you fuppofe ;
But Ralph himfelf, your trufty fquire,
Wh' lias d.agg'd your donjhip out 0' th' mire.

Hudibras.
To Don. o/. a, [To do on.] To put on; to
invert with ; the contrary to doff. Ob-
folete.

The purple morning left her crimfon bed.
And donned her robes of pure vermilion hue.

Fairfax,
Her helm the virgin donnd, Fairfax,

What ! Ihould 1 don this robe, and trouble you !

Shahejpeare,

Do'nary. n. /. [donarium, Latin.] A

thing given to facred ufes.
Dona'tion. ti.f. [donatio, Latin.]

1 . The adl of giving any thing ; the aft
of bellowing.

He gave us only over heaft, filh, fowl,
Dominion abfolute ; that right we hold
By his donation, Milton s Paradife hoft.

After donation there is an abfolute change and
■ alienation made of the property of the thing given!
which being fo alienated, a man has no more to
do with it than with a thing bought with ano-
ther's money. South.

2. The grant by which any thing is given »
or conferred.

Howfucver tlie letter of that donation may be un-
regarded by men, yet the fenfc thereof is fo im-
printed in their hearts, as if every one laid claim
for himfelf unto that which was conferred upon all.
RaliigFs Effays.

The kingdoms of the world to thee were gjv n.
Permitted rather, and by thee ufurp'd ;
Other donation none thou canft produce. Milton.

Do'native. n. /. [donatif. Ft. from do-
natus, Latin.]

1. A

BOO

4. A gift ; a largefs ; a prefeot ; a dole of
jnoney dillribitted.

The Roman emperor's cuAom wai, ae certain
'f(>lanm times, to b'.-ilow on bis loUicrs a dnainu]
whicb dtnu'rvt tiiey received wearing gafUnJs up.
on ihcir heads. Hixitr.

They were eotertained with puhlick Oiewi and
Jmat'rvti, to make them more ealiiy digcH their
loft libeK|r. Drydm.

2. [In law.] A 'benefice merely given and
coUated by the patron to a man, without
either prefentacion to the ordinary, or
inHitution by the ordinary, or indudion
ky his orders. ' Coin-ell.

Never did fteeple carry douWe trier ;
His is the JcKath'tj and mine the cure. Clefivelavd.

Don E. fart. pc^JJ". of the verb To Jo.

Another like fair tree eke grew thereby,
^yhcrcof wht)fo did eat, eftfoons did know
Both gocd and evil : O mournful memory I
That tree, through one man's fault, hath ^sm us
all to dye. Sf>tKjtri Fairy ^{tn.

Do Ht.a kinJ of interjeSion. The word by
which a wager is concluded : when a
wager is offered, be that accepts it fays
Jont,

Z>«>H : the wager ? Staktfpearc'tTtm/Kj}.

One thing, fweet-heart, I will alkj
Take me for a ncw-fafljion'd malk,
^■^Vofie: but niy bargain fliall be this,
I'll throw my mafk off when I kifs. CItavelcnJ,
Twas done and done, and the fox, by confcnt^
was to be the judge. h'''Efirar.gt,

Do'njon. n.f. [now corrupted to i//.'«ffa«,
from domnionum, low Latin, according
to Menage.'] The higheft and ftrongeft
tower of the caftle, in which prifoners
were kept ; as in Chaucer, It is now
ufed of fubterraneous prifons.

T he grtte tourc, that was fo thicke and Irong,
Which of the caftle was the c\iit( limgear,
Wherein the knightes were in prifon,
Was cvln joynant to the garden-wall,
Ther as this Emcly had her playeing. Chaucer.

J>o'nor. n.f. [from Jono, Latin.] A giver;
a beftower ; one who gives any thing.

Litters thick befii'gc the doner's gate,
Ann begging lords and teeming ladies wait
The promis'd <iole. Dryden't Juvenal.

It is a mighty check to beneficent tempers to
confider how often good dcfigns arc fruftratcJ and
perverted to purpofcs, which, could the duncn
themfelvcs have forefcen, they would have been
very loth to promote. /llterbury.

Doo'dle. r.. f. [a cant word, perhaps
corrupted from Jo little: faineant. "{ A
triflor ; an idler.

To DOOM. T. a. [bcman, Saxon.]

1. To judge.

Him through malioe fall'n.
Father of mercy and grace ! thou didS not dvn
So ftriaiy, butmuch more to pity incline. Mdion.

2. To condemn to any punilhment ; to
fentence.

He may be Joaad to chains, to fliame, to death.
While proud Hippolitus ffiall mount his throne.

t SKitb.

Ju(Hy tV impartial fates confpite,
Dooming that fon to be the 6rc
Of fuch another fon. Cratn/illi.

3. To pronounce condemnation upon any.

Minos, the ftriil incjuiiitor, appears.
And lives ami crimes, with his amrlTors, hears ;
Round in his urn the blended balls he rnwis,
Abfolves the Jul}, and dooat the guilty fouls.

Dryden't j^neid.

4. To command judicially or authorita-
tively.

Have I a tongue to </«m my fcrotlier't dtaeh,
Ar.d Oiall that tonj^ue give pardon to a flave }

Shake^eare.

5. To delline ; to command by uncon-
trollable authority.

Fate and the gods, by their fopremc command,
Hivc dijtn'd our ikips to feck the 1-itian land.

Drydtn't Mnnd.
I hav< BO will but what your eyes ordain ;
Deliin'd to love, as they arc dovm'd to reign.

Granville.

Doom. n.f. [bom, Saxon; doem, Latin.]

1. Judicial fentence ; judgment.

He's fled, my lord, and all his pow'rs do yield;
And humbly thus, with halters on their necks,
Expert your highnefs' doom of life or death.

Shakcf[*itre.

To Satan, firft in fin, his doom applied.
Though in myOerious terms, jadg'd as then bed.

Mill'.n.

And now, without rcdcmptbn, all mankind
Muft have been loft, adjudg'd to death and hell
By do;m fevere. Mihon.

In the great day, wherein the fecrets of all hearts
fhall be laid open, no one fliall be made to anfwer
for what he knows nothing of ; but ftiatl receive
his dxm, his confcicnce accufing or excufing him.

Locke.

2. The great and final judgment.

Search Windibr Cattle, eives, within and out :
Strew good luck, ouphes, on every facrcd room.
That it may ftand till the perpetual d'^cm. Stak.

3. Condemnation; judicial fentence.

Revoke thy i/tam,
Or whilft I can vent chmaur from my throat,
I'll tell thee thou doft evil. Sbakefp. King Lear.

4. Determination declared.

If friend or foe, let him be gently us'd.
— Revoke that dotm of mercy, for 'tis CliflTord.

Sbtikffeare.

5. The ftate to which one is deftined.

By day the web and loom.
And homely houfehold talk, fliail be her doom,

Drydtn's Iliad,

6. Ruin ; de(lru£lion.

From tlie fame foes, at laft, both felt their doom ;
And the fame age faw learning fall, and Rome.

Ptfe.
Doo'msd AV. n. /. [doom and day.]
1 . The day of final and univerfal judg-
ment ; the laft, the great day.

Men, wives, and children ftare, cry out, and run,

As it were doomfday, Shakcffeare' s Julius Cafar.

They may ferve for any theme, and never be

out of date until doomjday. Brown's f''utj;,Errcurs.

Our fouls, not yet prepai 'd for upper light.
Till dionfduy wander in the fliuJcs of nighv:
This only holiday of all the year.
We privileg'd in funftiine may appear. Dryd r.

I, The day of fentence or condemnation.

All-fouls day is my body's diomfday,

!itakrjff,m 1 RiiharrI III.

DooMSDAy-BOOK. «. / [ dcomjWay and
iooi.] A book made by" order of Wil-
liam the Conqueror, in which the ef-
tates of the kingdom were regiftcred.

The Danes alfo broujht in a reckiniiig of mo.
ney by oics, frr eras, which is mentioned in doom/-
day-Uok. Camd.n.

DOOR. n. /. [boji, feupe, Saxon ; dorrit,

Erfe.]
I. The gate of a houfe ; that which open'

to yield entrance. Door is ufed of houfes,

and gatcj of cities or publick buildings ;

except in the licence of poetry.

All the ciftle quaked from the ground.
And every door of free-will open flew. Fairy ^een.

In the fice, a dcor
Conliiv'd; and rf provilions laid in large.
For man and bea.l. Milrm's Paradife L-Jl.

To the fame end men fev'ral paths may tread,
As many dmri into one temple lead. Dtntam.

DOR

Fcr without rules there can be na an, any men
than there can be a houfe without a door to conduct
you in. _ _ Diydcn.

2. In familiar language, a houfe; often in
the plural, doors.

Lay one piece of flcrti or fifli in the open air, ani

another of the lame kind and bignefs within d»>rs.

Bacon's Natural H:Jhry.

Let him doubt whether his cloaths be warm,
and fo go naked ; whether his houfe be firm, and
live without i/sors. Decay of Fi.ty,

Martin's office is now the fccoud d-^cr in the
ftrcet, where he will fee Parnel. jirbutbntt.

Lambs, though they aic bred within doors, and
neixr faw the actions of their own ftccics, pu<B at
thofe who approach thorn witli thcirforeheaJs. •

Mdifor's Sf'tffator.

The fultan entered again tlie pcafant's lioufe,and
turned the owner out oidars, yiddi/on's Guardian,

3. Entrance ; portal.

The tender blades of grafs appear ;
And buds, that yet the blaft of Eurus fear,
Stand at the dcor of life, and doubt to clotlic the

year. Drydm.

4. Paffage ; avenue; means of approach.

The indifpenfabic nccelTity of fincere obedience,
(huts the doer a^ainft all temptations t. carnal fe-
curity. Hamrxnd,

5. 0;//e/"DooR, or DcoRs. No more to
be found ; quite gone ; fairly fent away.

Should he, who was tliy lord, coni»and thet
now.
With a hsaSi vo'xe and funercilieus brow.
To fervilc duties, thou woulJ'ft fear no more;
The gallows and the whip are our of door.

Dryden's Perfu!.'

His imaginary title of fatherhood is out rf doors,

and Cain is no prince over his brother. Locke,

6. At the T)OOs. of any one. Imputable;
chargeable upon him.

bi any of wjiich parts if I have failed, the
fault lies wholly at ny door.

Dryden's Dvfrefnty, Preface,

7. Next DooR to. Approaching to; near
to; bordering upon.

A feditious word leads to a broil, and a riot un-
punilhed is but next door to a tumult. L'Eftran^e.
Do'oRCASE. n.f. [door and cafe.] The
frame in which the door is incloied.

The making of frames for d:,ircafes, is the fram.

ing of two pieces of wood athwart two other pieces.

^ Moxon,

Doorkeeper, n. f. [door and ieeper.']

Porter ; one that keeps the entrance of

a houfe.

He that hath given the following afTiftances to
thee, defires to be even a doorkeeper in God's houfe,
and to be a fcrvant to the nicaneft of God's fcr-
";i". r.iyhr's Preface

Do'tiUET. ;/. / A p.tper cdnt.iining a
warrant.

Before Thcinttitution of this office, no doqnet
f.ir licence to alien, nor warrant for pardon of
alienation made, could be purchafcd without an
oa^t"- liaansOJiceofeHimatior.,

Do'rmant. adj. [dormant, French.]

1. Sleeping.

He a dragon ! if he be, 'tis a ver)- peaceful one :
I can infure his anger is dormant; or, ftould he
fecm to roufe, 'tis well killing him, and he wiH
fltcp li ke a top. Cmgreve's Old Bachelor.

With this radius he is fjid to ftrike and kill his
prey, for wliicli he lies, as it were, di.rm.wf, till it
fwims Uithin his reach. Gre-ui's Mufaum.

2. In a lleeping pollure.

If a lion were the coat of Judah, yet were It
not a liorr rampant, but rather couchant and dor.
mani. Brown.

3. Private ; not pnblick.

There were other dormant mufters of foldiers
throughjut all parts of the realm, that were put
in teaJincfs, but not drawn together.

Bacon's ffar -with Spain,

4. Concealed;

y

DOR

4. Concealed ; not divulged.

It would be prudent to rEl'erve thefc pri»IIfgei
donnarUy never £0 be produtsd but upon great oc-
c»fions._ Sivijt.

5. Leaning ; not pcpendicnlar.

Old dormant windows muil confefs
Her beams: their glimmering rpr£laclcs,
Struck with the fpl'cndjr of her face,
Po th" office of a burn^nt;-£lafs. ClcavJarct.
Do R MiTOH y. a.yr \tlormitorium, Laxin.]
I. A place to fleep in: ufed commonly
for a room with many beds.

Roomi that have thorough lights are left for en-
tertiunment, and thofe thac have windows oh one
lidc for ^rmltorut. Mwlirur.

Naked mourns the Jarmtiry wall.
And Jones and Boyle's united labanrs fall.

Piiff't Dtnciad.
3. A burial place.

The places whcix; liead bodies a.-e buried, arc in
Latin called ctemireria, and in Englilh darm'mr'us.
j^ylijTt's Pjrerg'.n^

Do'rmobse. ». / [tiormh, to fleep, and
eMa/^.] A finali animal which paffes a
large part of the winter in fieep.

Come, WB »M fleep, and are mere Jtrmice flics, '
A little lefs iJian dead t mort dulnel's bangs
On us than on the moon. Ben JinWi C-.talm.
After rliey have lain a little whiici they grow as
drowfy as dirmUt, unlets they are roufed.

Coil'ur on Thtught.

DoRN. n./. [from <i'cr», German, a thorn.]
The name of a fiib; perhaps the faine
as the thornback..

I he C'jaa is ftored both with (heil-£/h, as fcal-
lops a.Td iheathifini ; and fiat, as turbett, dirni, and

Do'rnick. »./ [ofDecrnick in Flanders,
where firft made.] A fpecies of linen
cloth ufed in Scotland for the table..

To DORR. -v. a. [ter, ftupid, Teutonick.]
To deafen or ilupify with noife. This
word I find only in Skir./ier^

Dorr. »./ [fo named probabfy from the
poife which he makes.] A kind of fly-
ing infi-a, remarkable for flying with a
loud noifc;

Some infefls % with four wings, as all the va-
gimpcanous, or flieath- winged, as beetles and rforn.

Brcwn's Vulgar Errturt.

The dtrr or hedge-chafer's chief marks are
Ch^fe : his head is fmai;, like that of the com-
mon beetle: this, and his eyes, bl-ck: his flioul-
dcr-piece, and the middle of his belly, alfo black-
but juft under the wiog.fliells fpotted with white!
H.s wing-fliells, legs, and the end of his tail,
which IS long and flat-pointed, of a light chcftBuf
bis breall, efpecially, covered with a downy hair.
, Grnu's Mufaim.

Dorset.. 7 »./. [from dfcr/i^, the back.]
UORSER.J A pannier ; a bafkct or bag,
one of which hangs on either fide a beaft
of burthen, for the reception of things
of fmall bulk. It is corruptly fpoken,
and perhaps written, dofel.

DOT

He led us XO a pallery like a dtrture, wljere he
(hewed us along the one fide fevcnteen cells,. very
""f- Bacon.

DoSE. »./. [Ji'fflf.]

I. So much of any medicine as is taken

tJ O X

at one time.

S>!.

iHcy.

DoRSi FERous.l adj. [dor/hm and /,ro,

DoRsi PAROi;s. j or /«/■«, Latin.] Hav-
ing the property of bearing or bringing
forth on the back. It is ufed of plantl
that have the feeds on the back of their
leaves as fern ; and may be properly

• nfed of the American frog, which brings
forth young Irom her back.

Do'rti; R E. „. /. [contraaed from dormi-
itire; dornitura, Latin ; dorloir, French 1
A dorraitoryj a place to fleep in.

The too vig'rous dcfe too fiercely wrought.
And added fury to the ftrength it brought.

DrycUn^s VW^iK

In a vehement pain of the head lie prefcabed

the juice of the thapfia in warm v.ater, without

mentioning c"he dofi. Athuthmeti.

2. Any thing naufeous.

If you can tell an ignoramus in power and
place that he has a wit and underftandirg above
all tlie world, I dare undertake that, as fiilfomr. a
dt,jc as you give him, be fliali readily take it down.

Smth.

3. As much ofany thing as falls to a man's
lot. Ladicroufly.

No fooner does he peep into
The world, but he has done his doe;
Married h'ra puntSual Ji^ of wives,
Is cuckolded, and breaks, or thrives. HuJibrai,

4. Quantity.
VVe pity or laugh at thofe fatuous extravsgants,

while yet ourfclves have a confiderablci/i/ioi what
Blak« th-m fo. Gra»vilh,

5. It is often ufed of the ntmofl: quantity
of ftrongliqoor that a man can fwallow.
He has his dojii ; that is, he can carry I
off no more. I

To Dose. -v. a.

1. To proportion a medicine properly to
the patient or difcafe.

Plants ItUom ufed in medicine, being efleemed
poifonous, if sorre^W, and exafily Jsfed, may
prove powerful medicines.

. Di-rbjm'i PLy/to-Tteoh^.

2. To give phyfick, or any thing naufeous,
to any man : in a ludicrous fenfe.

Do'ssiL. It./, [corrupted fromdcrjel, forae-
thing laid upon the part.] A pledget ;
a nodule or lump of lint to be laid on a
fore.

Her complaints put me upon drefling with fuch
medicaments as bafilicon, with pracipitate, upon
a dof/. ftnfitnan,

Dost, [the fecond perfon of <jfc.]

Why then d:^ treat me with rebukes, Infteid
Of kind condoling cares, and friendly forrow.'
Y\/-^^r* Addifon\ Cato.

UOT. „./. [This is derived by 'Sinner,

from do/ui-, German, tie luhiie of an

egg; and interpreted by him a grume

of pus. It has now no fuch fignifica-

tion, and feems rather corrupted from

jot, a point.] A fmall point or fpot made

to mark any place in a writing.

To Dot. a-, a. To mark with fpecks.

To Dot. 'v. «. [from the noun.] To make

dots or fpots.
Do'tage. »./. [from dote.'\
I . Lofs of underftanding ; imbecility of
mind ; delirioufnefs.

The foul in all hath one intelligence;
Though too much moifture in an infant's brain.

And too much drinefs in an old man's fenfe.
Cannot the prints of outward things retain:

Then doth the full wjnt work, and idle lit-
And this we childiftinefs and </<.ftf^<'call. Da-uUt.

1 hold, that perfedl joy makes all our parts
As joyful as our hearts :
Oui fcnfcs tell us, if we pleafc not them.
Our love is but a dttagt, or a dream. Sucklwr.

2. Exceflive fondnefs.

It on your head my fury does not turn.
Thank that fond dstegt which f j much you fcorn .

Dry Jtn.

Do'tal. eiJj. [do/a/is, Latin.] Relating to-
the portion of a woman ; conftituting
her portion j compriled in her por-
tion.

Shall I, of one poor dotal town poffeft.
My people thin, my wretched country wafte.
An exii'd prince, and on a (hakin^ throne.
Or rifk my patron's fubjeits, or my own ;

Car(i'i Ov:J.

Do'tard. »./ [from dote] A man whofe-
age has impaired his intelkas ; a man
in his fecond childhood, called in fome
provinces a tivichild.

Dotard, faid he, let be thy deep advife.
Seems that through many years thy wits thee fail,-

A:-.d that weak old hath left thee nothing wife,
Elfc never ihould thy judgment be fo frail.

^airy S^eett,

The nckly dotard Wfants a wife.

To drav» off his iaft dregs of life. PrK^.

Dota'tion. n. f. [dolatio, Lalin.] The

aft of giving a dowry or portion. Dia.

To DOTE. 1/. n. [doun, Dutch ; radeter,

French.]

I. To have the intellcft impaired by age
or paflion ; to be delirious.

Unlcfs the fear of death make me do'i,
I fee my fon. ShaMp. Comedy of Errmrs.

A fttwd IS upon the liars, and tlify ihall date ■
a fword IS upon her mighty men, and tht-y (hall be

I iif.e has made you dott, and vainly tell
Of arms ima^in'd in your lonely cell :
Go, be the tcmpje and the gods your care;.
Permit to men the thought of peace and war.

wu .J , Oiyd.n's ^ne'iJ.

When an old woman begins to Jctc, and grow
ch-trgeable to a parift, (he is turned intj a witch,
and fills the country witH extravagant fancies.

AdJifon^s Spc^atort

2. To be in love to extremity.

He was ftrickcn with great aUoflion towards
inc, which (iiice is grown to fuch a doting love,
that 1 was fain to get this place fometimes to re-
tire in freely. sidn.y.

I have long loved her, and bellowed much on
her, followed her with a doting obfervance.

Shakcfpeare,

To Dot b upon. To regard with exceflive
fondnefs; to love to excefs..

All their prayers and love
Were fet on Heicford, whom they dot/d on.
And blefs'd, and grac'd. Shakfff. Hinry IV.

Forgive mc, that I do not dream on thee,
Becaufe thou fecft me date upon my love.

All I- . . . . Shaktjptare, ■

All the beauties of the court befides
Arc mad in love, and dott upon your perfon.

IWark thofe who dole on arbitrary power, '
And you (hall And 'era cither hot-brain'd youth.
Or needy bankrupts. Dryd^n

Would you fo dott upon your firft defirc,
As not to entertain a nobler fire .>

Drydlri'i Indian Einferor.

We dot, upon this prefcnt world, and the enjoy-

monrs of-.f j and 'tis not without pain and fear,

and rehiftancy, that we are torn from them, as if

our hopes lay all within the compafs of this life.

rv 1 1 ■! 1 , Burnet,

U death all cliqucnt ! you only prove
What dud wo dote on, when 'tis man we love.

Prior.

Do't ED adj. [from the verb.] Stupid.
Not ufed. ^

His frnfelefs fpcech and doted ignorance
i .10 prince had marked well. Sfenfer

Do'ter. »./ [from dote.]
I. One whofe underflanding i* Impaired
by years ; a dotard.

WhM

D O U

Whit fliouU a bald fellow do with a comb, o
ilamb iitfr with a pi[X| or a blind mail with a
looklng-f Ufs ? Burion.

2, A man fondly, weakly, and exceffively
in love.

If in black my lady's brow be declct.
It mourns that painting and ufurping hair
Should raviih Jata-i with a fatl'i: afpcit ;
And tbetefuie is Aie barn to make black tair.

Shahfffurf.

Our Jclert upon red and white are inceliantly

peijlcxed by the inccrtiinty both of the conti.

nuance of their miftrelt'tkindncrs, and of the laft-

ing of her beauty. B:)le.

Do't I N c L V . adv. [ from doting.] Fondly ;
by excefftve fondnefs.

That he, to wedlock dat'mgly betray'd.
Should hope in this lewd town to find a maid \

Drfden'i Juvenal.

Do'ttard. »./. This word feems to llg-
nify a tree kept low by cutting.

For great trees, we fee almoft all overgrown
trees in church-yards, or near ancient buildings,
and the like, are pollads and dctlards, and not
trees at their full height. Baron.

Do'tterjl. «./ [from deu."] The name
of a bird that miinicks geftures.

We fee howready apes and monkeys are to
Imitate all motions of man ; and in catching ot
dMtrih, we fee how the foolifli bird playeth the
ape in gefttres. Baceit.

DO'UBLE. adj. [douhh, French; duplex,
Latin ; duple, Erfe.]

1. Two of a fort; one correfponding to
the other ; in pairs.

All things are douhlt one againft another, and
he hath made nothing impcrfcrt. Ecchs. ilii. 24.

2. Twice as much; containing the fame
quantity repeated. It is fometimes ufed
with to, and fometimes without.

Great hmours are great burthens; butonwh^m
They arc cart with envy, he doth bear two loads :
His cares mud ftill be dsuble'to his joys.
In any dignity. Ben "Jcrfott's Catatirre.

This fum of forty thoufaiid pounds is almoA
JsMe to what is ful%cienc.

Stvift^s Drap'ier^s Letttrs.

3. Having one added to another; having
more than one in the fame order or pa-
rallel.

It is a turiofity alfo to make flowers tliulile,

which i« effefted by often removing them into

new earth ; as, on the contrary part, {ioublc flow-

, exa, by ncgle^ing, and not removing, prove fingle.

Ba otrs Natural IJiJl'^ry.

1 met a rorerend, fat, old gouty friar,

With a paunch fwolnJb high, his diuhle chin

Might rell upon 't. Dryden'i Sfanijh Friar.

4. Twofold ^ of two kinds.

Thus curfed fteel, and more accurfcd gold.
Gave mil<:hief birth, and made that mifchief bold,
And douhlt death did wrctchel man invade.
By Seel aflaulted, and by gold betray'd.

Drydelj^l Ovid.
No ftar appears to lend his f/ienily light;
Carkneft and tcmpcft make a dtubie night.

Drydrn.

5. Two in number.

And if one power did not both fee and hear,
Our iightt and founds would always dmhlt be.

Da-viet.

6. Having twice theeffeifl or influence ;
having the power of two. Not ufed. ,

The magnifico is much belov'd,
And hath in his effert a voice potential,
As diuklr ai the duke's. Sbakrfftaie's Othe'h.

7. Deceitful ; afting two parts, one open-
ly, the other in fecret.

D O U

r th' pfefcnc* !

He would fay untrtlths, and be ever icniU
Both in his words and m'-aning.

Sbateffcart'i Henry VIII.
Fifty thoufand could keep rank, that were not
of double hcurt, 1 Ctrcit. xii. 33.

DouBi E-PL£A. «./ [duplex p/acilum, La-
tin.] Is that in which the defendant al-
leges for himfelf two feveral matters
in bar of the aftion, whereof either ii
futficient to effeft his dcfire in debarring
the plaintiff. Co^velt.

Double QjJARREi,, is a complaint made
by any clerk or other to the archbifliop
of the province, againft an inferiour or-t
dinary, for delaying juftice in fome
caufe ecclefiaftical. The effefl is, that
the archbifhop dire£ls his letters, under
the authcntical feal, to all clerks of his
province, commanding them to admo-
nifh the faid ordinary within nine days
to do the juftice required, or otherwife
to cite him to appear before him or his
official ; and lallly to intimate to the
faid ordinary, that if he neither per-
forms the thing enjoined, nor appears
at the day alligned, he himfelf will pro-
ceed to perform the juilice required.
And this feems to be termed a double-
quarrel, becaufe it is molt commonly
made againft both the judge, and him
at whofe petition juftice is delayed.

Co-well
Double. «<^". Twice over.

I am not fo old in proportion to them as I for-
merly was, which I can prove by arithmctick ;
for then 1 was double their age, which now I am

n^t. _ _ Sivift

Double is much ufed in compofition, ge-
nerally for doubly, two ways ; as, ditthle-
tdged, having an edge on each fide : or
for twice the number or quantity ; as,
double-died, twice died.
Double-biting, adj. [dauble and bite.']
Biting or cutting on either fide.
But mod their looks on the black monarch
bend,
His riling mufclcs and his brawn commend j
His double-biting ax, and beamy fpear,
Each alking a gigantick force to rear.

Dryden^S'Fables.
DouBLE-EUTTONED. adj. [double and
buttoned,'] Having two rows of but-
tons.

Others you fee, when all the town's afloat,
Wrapt in th' embraces of a kerfey coat,
Or djuile-buttort'd frieie. Cay's Trivia.

Double-dealer. B.y! [double s.nd deal-
er.] A deceitful, fubtle, infidious fel-
low ; one who afts two parts at the fame
time ; one who fays one thing and thinks
another.

D'juble-dealers may pafs mnfterfor a while; but
all parties wa(h their hands of them in the cmiclu-
fion. L'EJirang,:

Double-dealing, n./. [double and deal-
itig ] Artifice ; dilfimulation ; low or
wicked cunning ; the aftion of one thing
with the profeffion of another.

Thou ihalt not be the worfe for me ; there's
gold. —

— But that it would be double-dealing, Sir, I would
; ou could make it another.

Shayjfeare" s Ttotlfih Nigl I.

Our poets have joined together fuch qualities as
ate by nature mod compatible; valour with anger,

D O U

me- knefs with piety, and prudi-nce wi'.h diflin(«-
lation ': this laft union was necclfjry for the good-
ncfs yii Ulyfies; for, without that, his dilfimula-
tion might have degenerated into wickednefs and
double-dealing. Brccrne^t f^itm of F fie Ptetri.

To Double- DIE. v. a, [double tsA dit.\
To die twice over.

Ves, I'll to the royal bed.
Where firft the itiyfieries of our love were \(!i.ti,
Anii-dsulic-du it with imperial crimfon.

Dryden and Lee,

Double-founted. adj. [ double and
fount.] Having two fources.

Here the double-jounted llream
' Jordan, true limit eallward. Milton

Double-handed, adj. [double and band. ]
Having two hands.

All things being double-handed, and having tile
appearances both of truth and falfehood, where our
aftefliona have engaged us, we attend only to the
former. Chnvilic's Scefju,

Double-headed, adj. [double and head. ]
Having the flowers growing one to ano-
ther.

The double rich fcarlet nonfuch is a large dou-
ile-leadtd flower, of tlic richelt fcarlet colour.

Mortimer.
To Double-lock. v. a. [doable and loci.]
To fhoot the lock tvvice ; to faften with
double fecurity.

He immediately double-hched his door, and fat
down carefully to reading and comparing both his
orders, Tatlcr,

Double-minded, adj. [from i/wi/? and
mind.] Unfettled ; undetermined.
A double-minded man is un.'iaotc in all his ways.

Jan.es,

Double-shining. adj. [double and_^;«<?.]
Shining with double lullre.

He was
Among the reft that there did take delight
To fee the fports oi dyubk-Jhining day. Siilney.

Double-tongued, adj. [ double and
tongue.] Deceitful; giving contrary ac-
counts of the fame thing.

The deacons mult be grave, t\ox. double-tongued,
not given to much wiiiC, not greedy of filthy lui;re.

I Tim.
For much (he fear'd the Tyrians double-tongu'd.
And knew the town to Juno's care belong'd.

Dtyd-x's yiigil.

To Do'uBLE. f. a. [from the adjeftive.]

1. To enl.irge any quantity by addition
of the fame quantity.

Humour doth dmble vjice anJ echo
The numbers of the fear'd. Sbaleff. Henry IV.

Pay him fix thoufand, and deface the bond ;
Diuble fix thoufand, and then treble that. Sbak,

Our fo-; s too proud the weaker to all'ail,
Or doubles his diftionoor if he fail. Drydcn.

This power of repeating or d'ubling any idea we
have of any dilhnc;-, and adJing it to the former,
as often as we will, without being ever able to
come to any (lop or ftint, is that which gives us
the idea of immenfiry. Locke,

This vvui only the value of the filvcr: there
was befiJcs a trnth p.irt of that number of ta.
lents of gold, which, if g->ld was reckoned in a
decuple proportion, will jull double the fum.

^rbuthmt on Coins.

2. To contain twice the quantity.

Thus reinforc'd againft the advcjfc fleet.
Still doubling ours, brave Rupert leads the way.

Dry den.

3. To repeat ; to add.

He faw proud Arcite and fierce Pabmon
In mortal battle d'.ubling blow on blow ;
Like lightning flam'd their falidaans to and fro.

Vrydet,

4. To

i

D O U

4. To add one to another in the fame order
or parallel.
1 hou (halt iouhU the curtain in the tabernacle.

. 5. To fold.

He bough: her fermons, pfalms, and graces.
And dcjH.1! C'-ii!\ the ulel'ul places. Pr'wr.

6. To pafs j-ound a headland.

Sai!i';g a^iing the coaft, he djuhlcd the promon-
tory of Carthage, yet famous for the ruins of that
proud city. KnMn.

Now we have the Cape of Good Hope in fight,
the ttJde-wind is our own, if we can but doublt
"• t>rydn.

To Do'OBLE. 'V. n.

I. To increafe to fiice the quantity.

'Tis chfcrved in particular nations, that within
the fpace of three hundred years, notwithllanding
all cafualties, the number of men dmhii.

Burnetts theory,

%. To enlarge the ilake to twice the fum
in play.

Throw i^gjpt's by, and offer in the flead,
Oft'er — tiie ciown on Berenice's heid :
I aiD refolv'd to double till I win.

Drydrn's Tyrntimc Love.

3. To turn back, or wind in running.

Under the line the fun tiofTcth the line, a.nd
makcth twofummers and two winters; but in the
fkirts of the torrid jone it diuileihtni goeth batk
again, and fo maketlu)ne long fummer.

Bacsm's Natural Hiftorj.
Who knows which way (he points ?
Douii'hg and Curnin; like an hunted hare !
Find out the meaning of her mind who ean. Dryd.

So keen thy hunters, and thy fcent fo ft ong,
Thy turns and dsuhl'mgi cannot fave thee long.

Sivifi,

4. To play tricks ; to ufe Heights.

Do'uBLE. 11./.

1 . Twice the quantity or number.

If the thief be found, let him pay dtuhre. Exid.

In all the four great years of mortality above
mentioned, I do not find that any week the plague
increafed to the dnbU of the precedent wftk above
five time;. Grauni', Mwality.

«. Strong beer ; beer of twice the common
Arength.

Here '1 a pot of good double, neighbour : drink,
and fear not your man. Sbakeffeart't Henry VI.

3. A turn ufed to efcape purfuit,

Man is frail,
Convulfions rack his nerves, and cares his bread j
H.s flying life is chas'd l>y rav'ning pains.
Through all his doublet, in the winding veins.
, . , Blaekmort,

4. A trick ; a Aift ; an artifice.

Thel- men are too vnrli acquaiiv.ed with the
chafe, to be flung off by any falfe fteps or diuilei.
T\ * Addifou.

DouBLENE^s. n.f. [from e/ou6k.] The
Rate of being double.

If you think well to carry this ai you mar, the
douhlenej, of the benefit defends the deceit from

Do'u BLER. »./ [from double.-] He that

doubles any thing.
Do'vBLET. n.f. [ftom deai/t.]
t. The inner garment of a man; thewaill-

coat : fo called from being double for

warmth, or becaufe it makes the drefs

double.

What a pretty thing a man is, when he got- in
hi.=fc«i.«and hofe,and leaves off hi. wit ! iiai

His doublet \iu of fturdy buff.
And though not fwotd yet cudgel proof. Hudibrau

»he doublet and breeches of hi. great grandfather.

TL J . . . . , yldJifcn en It ah.

Iheydobutmimickantient Wilts at beft,
A- apes our grandfires, in thei: i.ubUn -ireft. P.*.
VOB. I. ^•

D O U

2. Two; a pair.

Thofe dmbleti on the fides of his tail feem to
add ftrenjth to the mufdes which move the tail

DOUBLO'N. „. / [French.] A Spanilh

coin containing the value of two piftoles.

Do UBLY. aJtj. [from e/ouble.] In twice

the quantity ; to twice the degree.

Young Hollis, on a mufe by Mars begot.

Born, Czlar like, to write and aft great deeds.

Impatient to revenge his fatal /hot,
His right hand doubly to his left fucceeds. Dryd.

Haply at night he does with horror ihun
A widow'd daughter, or a dying fon :
His neighbour's offspring he to-morrow fes.
And «f,„^/« feels his want in their increafe. Prkr.

■ro DOUfir. ^. „. ycubter, French;
dubtto, Latm.]

1. To quelllon; to be in uncertainty.

Ev:n ,n patters divin:, concerning fo*. things,
we maj, la-.fujy d^bt and fuipcnd our judgment,
mchnjni n, uher t, on- (ide or ether ; as. namely
t--uch,ng t!,e time or the fall both of man and an-

r'. ,. . llKUr.

Let no man, whilo-he lives here in the world,
rfo^Ar whether there is .ny hell or no, and there-
upon Inc fo, as rablclutelv there were none. South.

r l! T'a "!i' l" !"''"■ '' "PP"'' '» ^ " n>Mi.'{rous
ioU) to deride hcl/ tl.ings. Tilkljin.

Oan we conclude upon Luther's inftability, be-
cauie .n a fingk notjon, no way fundamental, an
enemy writes thit he'h^d fome doubting, f Auerl.

2. I o queftion any event, fearing the worft.
Doubt,ng things EO ill, often hurt, more

1 han to be (ure they do. Shakeff. CymbeTtne.

Admitting motion, this I urge to fliew
Invalid, that which thee to doubt it mov'd. Milt.

3. Soinetimes with of in both the forego-
mg fenfes. °

Solyman faid he had hitherto made war againft

divers nations, and always had the viftory, .Jbereof

ae doubled not aow il(o. ■'

fCnollei; JliJIory of the Turks.

Have I not manag'd my contrivance weil.

To try your love, and make you doubt ofmnt ?

- T r , Dryden.

4. 1 o tear ; to be apprchenfive of ill

F„ .r,' '''n",!' ^"? '^Onfment in his mind,
tor the late flight his honour fuffer'd there. OiJa^.

If there were no fault in the title, I d-.ubt there
are too many in the body of the w-irk.

rn.. . , _ Baker on Learning.

I 7^ " ""'"^^ fi"-* prqjefl, without any namej
I doub, more than wiU be reduced into praOice.

J. To fufpcft ; to have fufpicion. *"^''

, . . The king did all his courage bend
Againft thofe four which now before l,im were,
Doabtwg not who behind h^m doth attend. Dan!el.

6. To hcfuate ; to be in fufpenfe ; to wa-
ver undetermined.

What fear we then, why doubt we to incenfe
Hu utmoft ire > ax,

..£,,. , . Milton,

At firft the tender blade, of grafs appear.
And buds that yet the blaft of Eurus fear,
Stand at the door of life, and doubt to clothe the

o- r\ ' Dryden.

Vb Uovbt. 1,. a.

1. TohoJdquertionable; to think uncertain.

2. To think endangered.

He from the terror of this arm fo late
Doubled h;, empire. Milton', Paradife L.I!.

3. To fear; to fufpeft.

He did ordain the interdifls and prohibitions

hU ** ^"^ '° ■"''" '"'""'= "' ftrangers,
which at that time was freijuent, doubting novelties
and commixture of manners. Bacon.

If they turn not back perverfe ;
But that I doubt. Milton.

You that will be lefs fearful th.in difcreet.
That love the fundamental part of ft«te.
More than youjioubt the change of it, prefer
A Boble life before a long. Shakeff, Coriotaiiuu

D O U

4. Todiftrufl; to hold fufpeaed.

To teach vain wits a fcience litHe known,
T' admire fuperior fcnfe, and doubt their ow:i.,

Doubt, fi.f. [from the verb.]
t. Uncertainty of mind ; fufpenfe; unde-
termined Hate of opinion.

Could any dilficuity have been propofed, the rc-
folution would have been as early as the propofal ;
It could not have had time to fettle into douLt.

rt.. r L South,

Thofe who Inve examined it, are thereby got
part dciibt in ail the doftrines they piofefs. Locte.

2. Quellion ; point uafettled.
Hippccratcs commends the flelh of the wild fow

above the tame ; and no dcubl but the animal ii
more or lefs healthy, according to the air it lives
'"• Arkuihnot on Alimmit,

*Tis paft a doubt,
All Bedlam or ParnafTus is let out. P^,

3. Scruple; perplexity; irrefolution.

Our Joubts are traitors.
And make us lofc, by fearing to attempt.
The good we oft might win. Siaheffeare,

4. Uncertainty of condition.

And thy life (hall hang \n doubt before thee;
and thou (halt fear day and night, and (halt have
no aflurance of thy lite. Deut,

I *m bound in
To faucy dimbt, and fea s. Shakcfftart.

5. Sufpicion ; apprehenfion of ill.

I delire to be picfcnt with you now, and t»
change my voice j for I ftand in doubt of you.

6. Difficulty obje£tcd.

To every </oait your anfwer is the fame.
It fo fell out, and fo by chance it came. Blarlmore.

Do'uBTER. n.f. [from </i!ai5/.] One who
entertains fcroples ; one who hangs in
uncertainty.

Do'uBTFUL. adj. [doubt an^ full]

1. Dubious; not fettled in opinion.

Mcthinks I (hould know you, and know this man;
Yet I am doubtful. Shakcjpeure, King Ltar.

Thus they their doubtful condiltations ended,

Milian.

2. Anibignous ; not clear in its meaning :
as, a dcubiful expreflion.

3. That about which there is doubt, that
which is not yet determined or decided ;
obicure ; quellionable ; uncertain.

Ill handling the riisht ..f a » ir, i am not willing
to intern-.ix matter i/oti' .•/:•,/ with that 'Ahich is out
01 doubt ! for as in capital cnul-s, wherein but one
man's life is in qurKlion, the evidence ought f) be
cle:iri fo much more in a judgment upon a war,
which is cipital to thoulands. Bium.

\n doubtful itks, reafon ftill determines foi the
fafer fide ; elpeclally if the cafe be njt only d<.-'bt.
fkl. but all J highly concerning, and the venture l,e
a f->ul, and an eternity. Siutb.

Tiicmctes firif, 'tis </c»*f^a/ whether hit' J,
Or fo tiie Irojnn liefli.iy lequir'd,
Mov'd that the rain^iarti r.iig.it be broken down.

J)'yd,n.

4. Hazardous; of uncertain event.

We have fultair'd one day in doubtful Riht,
Whi: iicav'n'b high Ljru had p ^w'tiuiieil, Jiii/tm.

New cojnf'ls to d-bate
What tt'onij/'i.^ imy enlje. Mi.'ton,

5. Not lecure ; not without fufpicion.
Our manner li always to cait a Jo-lifi! and a

more iufpicit/u- eye towards that, over which we
kn-^w we have Icaft pcwci. Hooker, D.dkation.

6. Not confident ; not without fear. ^
With doubtful feet, and wavering rrfolution,

I come, (till dreading ihy difpIcaCurc, Samfcn. Mi/t,

Thii waj at fir(! refolved '

If we were wife, againfl fo great a foe
Cuntending, an ! C) douiiful\th:it might fall. }lfi/i,

7. Partaking different qualities.
4 O Lookt

D O V

Dewncift anJ Jamp, yet iiich wlirrein tppcir'd
Si>me j^l'm.'re of jc^y, which on h.\ cuunc'iiance cafV
itike riablrfkt hue. Mtlfpti.

Do'uBTFUi.LY. adv. [from <«'fl«^{/«/.]

1. Dubioufly ; irrefolutcly.

2. Ambiguoufly ; with uncertainty of
meaning.

Knowing how i<uhifiti!^ all allegories may be
coai^rtiedi and (hisb-ioicot tiijno being a continual
sjrgory, 1 have thotiglitgood :o JiftO«r the g re-
I-! intention. iy»/'i/rr.

Nor did the gooil fi iouhtfrUy declare
Her alterM niind, and alienated carr. OryJtn.
Po'UBTF VI, N fc'.b. n. J. 'iJxK>m Jouhlful.\
\. Dubioufncl's ; iufpeiile ; iullability of
opinion.

'I'bough A»^r/i./«fi or unceitiinly feems to be a
medium bi-'twccn certain tiutb aiid crrtiin talfe
hood in our miiidi, \ettheii' is no fuib inediurn in
tbingt themfelvc!, ll'mt:.

a. Ambiguity ; uncertainty of meaning.

In arguing, the opp'mcr.t utos as comprch-'iilivc
and equivocal terms as he can, to i!i\n[\'r hi> id-
%erfary in the Jtuhtfulmfs of' bis expreHion*; and
tbctetore the anfwerer, on bis fide, maketi it hi>
play to dittinguifh as much us he can. L^ke.

Moll of hii phiiofophy is in broken fentcnccs,
delivered with much dttubrfultuj!, Bakrr cm Ltiini.

3. Hazard ; uncertainty of event or con-
dition.

Do'uBTi NCI.Y. /li/i'. [from </oa^/.] In a
doubting manner ; dubioufly ; without
confidence.

^ hatfoevcr a man imagineth Jouht'mgfyy or with
fear, mutt needs do hurt, if imagination have any
power at al) ; for a man reprcfcnteth that oftener
that he tcareth, than the contrary. Sjccn'i A'. Hift.
Do'uBTi, ESS. aJ/. [from douit."] Free
from fear ; void of apprehenfion of dan-
ger.

t'retty child, fleep duikiUft ard fecure.
That Hubert, for th« wealih of all the world,
Will roc offend thee. ^haUf^are^sKing J(;bn.

1 am dnbtlejti 1 can purge
M\feif of many I am charg'd withal. Shak. H. IV.
Do'uBTiEss. aJ'v. Without doubt ; with-
out qucftion i unqueftionably.

J^buUlefs he would have made a noble knight. Sb*

All their dcfires, dclcrts, or expeftatiuns the
Conqueror had no other means to fatisfy, but b)
the cllates of fuch a& had appeared open enemies to
him, and libuhtltjt many innocent perfnns fulfcred
in this kind. llaJe't C'.rtintttt Lav:.

V'.uhtlrji many men are Anally loft, who yet have
flu men's (uii to anfvver for but tlieir own. South,

Mnuntaina have been dtiihtleft much higher than
they are at prcfent : the rains have wilhed away
the foil, that has left the veins of ftones (hooting
•ut of them. ffoMvard.

Dtnii'/fi, oh gucA I great laud and praifc were
m'nc.
If, after focial rites and gifts beflow'd,
'1 ftain'd my hofpitable hearth with blood. Pufc'fOd.

Jtouct'T. n.j', [</fl«rff^, French ] A cuf-

urd. This word 1 find only in Skinner,

and in A n/noorth.
Do'ocKEH. n.f. [colymbui ; from To </i!»<-.f ,

corrupted from To tiuck.'\ A bird that

dips in the water.

The colymbi, or dtuchn, or loons, arc admira-
bly cpntnrrocd for diving, covered with thick
f lumaiic, and their feathers fo flippery that water
cannot moillen them. Ray.

DOVE. n. / [palumius ; diivo, old Tcu-

tonick ; lamb, daub, German.]
I, A wild pigeon.

So fliews a fnowy drvt trooping with crows,
A> yoaiiGtUdy e'er her tcllows (hows.

Sbti'Jfuri'i Rifn ttdjiliti.

DOW

Say, will the falcon, floopiag from above, ,

Smit with her varying plumage, fpare the devi f

Pcft.
N.it \m\! fo fwift tlie trembling dcjes can fly,
When the fierce eagle cleaves the liquid (kyj
Not li.ilf 10 fwiftly the fierce eagle moves.
When through the fkies he drives the trembling
divri. Ptfl.

z, A pigeon.

1 have heie a dilh of dtv€S, that I will beftow
upon your worlhip. Sytakiff. Mirch. tfVinkc.

Do'vecoT. «./ [</ea'« and CO/.] A fmall
building in which pigeons axe bred and
kept.

Like an eagle in a dtAjubt, 1
Hutler'd your Volfciar.s ia Corioii ;
.^lone 1 did it. • ahatrffcarc'i Ccr'alanui.

Do'vEHCusE. n.f. [dcv4 and iouje.] A
houfe for pigeons.

■J he hawk lets up for protcQor, and makes ha-

»-«Lk in ilie davebaufe, U EJi range.

Bu: '.Mil the dc-vibouft obftinately flood. Dryd.

Do'v E T d I L . n./. [dove and tail. ] A form
of joining two bodies together, where
that which is inferteJ has the form of a
wedge reverfeJ, and therefore cannot
fkli out.

DoucH. »./. [h^h. Sax. dergi, Dutch.]

1. The pafteofbread, or pies, yet unbaked.

When the gods muulded up the parte of man.
Some of their dcugb was left upon their hand:^,
For want of fouh, and fo they made Egyptians. Cry.

You that from pliant parte would fabricka raife,
Expefling thence to gain immortal praife,
Yrur knuckles try, and let your finews know
Their power to kneed, and gi\e the form to dmgk.

King.

2. My caie is DotrcH. My aiFair has
miicarrifd ; my undertaking has never
come to maturity.

My tall is dough, but I'll in among the reft ;
Out of hope of all, but my Iharc of the fcili. Sbak.

Doughb.a'ked. adj. [dough znd bahJ.]
Unfiniihed ; not hardened to perfedlion ;
foft.

For when, through taftelefs flat humility,
In do:'ghhak'd men f.)me harmltlTiicfs we fee,
'Tis but his phlegm that's virtuous, and not he.

Dinne.

Do'uGHTY. adj. [bohTi3, Saxonj deught,
virtue, Dutch.]

1. Brave; noble; illuftrious ; eminent.
Ufed of men and things.

Such rcrtlcfs paiTion did all night torment
The flatt'ning courage of that fairy knight.

Deviling how that doughty tournament
With greatcrt honour he achievcn might. F. £^1/.

2. It is now feldom ufed but ironically, or
in burlefque.

If this </c;»Wfyhirtorian hath any honour or con-
fcicnce left, ne ought to beg pardon. Stillirgflctt .

She fmii'd to fee the doughy hero flain ;
But, at her fmile, the beau rcviv'd again. Pcfe.

Do'uGHY. adj. [from dough.l Unfound ;
foft ; unhardeiied.

Your fon was mifled with a fnipt taffata fellow
there, whufc villanuus faffron would have made all
the unbaked and doughy youth of a nation in his
colour. Shaktfftarc.

To DOUSE, -v. a. [ iiuir, but probably
it is a cant word formed from the found.]
To put over head fuddenly in the water.

To Douse. '■J. 11. To fall fuddenly into,
the water.

It is no jcrting, trivial matter.
To Iwing i' th' air, or douft in water. IJudibra:,
Do'wACER. n.f. [douairiert, French.]
I . A widow witb a joiaiure.

DOW

5he liogerr my dcfires.
Like to a llepdame or a d-.tiragrr,
Long wintering on a young man's revenue. Shai.
Widows have a greater intcrtft in property than
either maids or wives ; fo that it i^ as unnatural
for a dvicagtr as a freeholder to be an enemy to our
conftitution. Addijoi.

2. The title given to ladies who furviv«
their hufbands.

Carliarinc no more
Shall be call'd queen ; but princefs dvwagtr.
And widow to prince Arthur. Hhakcfp. lien. VIII.

Do'wDv. «./. .^n awkward, ill-dreffed,
inelegant woman.

Laura, to his lady, was but a kitchen wench j
Dido, a dnvjy ; Cleopatra, a gipfy ; Helen and
Hero, flidingsand harlots. Shak. R^mn erd yulict.

The bedlam train of lovers ufe
T' inhance the value, and the faults cxcufe ;
And therefore 'tis no wonder if we fee
Thiy doat on dotmliet and deformity. Diydt*,

Do'wDY. at/;. Awkward.

No houfcwil'ery the dcftedy creature knew;
To fum up all, her tongue confcfs'd the flircw.

Cay.

DO'WER. 7 , r , - ,, . -,
DO'WERY. I""-^ [douaire, French.]

1. That which the wife bringeth to her
hufband in marriage.

His wife brought in dow'r Cilicia's crown.
And in herfelf a greater Aif'r alone. Drydn.

His only daughter in a ftranger's pow'r ;
For very want, he could not pay a Jvtv'r. Pcfic.

Rich, though depriv'd of all her little ftore,
For who can fcize fair virtue's better Jow'r f

Mtlmiuth.

2. That which the widow poflefFes.

His patrimonial territories of Flanders were in
dfu\r to his mother-in-law. Baccn's Henry \ II,

3. The gifts of a hufband for a wife.

Alk me never fo much diivery and gift, and I
will give according as you fliall fay unto me ; but
give mc the damfel to wife. Gen. xxxiv. ii» '

4. Endowment ; gift.

What fpreading virtue, what a fparkiing fire.
How great, how plentiful, how rich a dmo'r,
Doft thou within this dying flelh infpiie ! D,niitt%

Do'wERED. adj. [from r/oTtrr. ] Por-
tioned ; fupplicd with a portion.

Will you with tliofe infiimities Ihe owes,
V'nfrien.'led, new adapted to our hate,
Dower'd with our curfe, and llrarger'd with out

oath.
Take her, or leave her .' Shake/frare't King Lur,
Do'wERLESs. «4). [from deiutr.] Want-
ing a fortune ; unportioned.

I'hy d/iv'ri.-J'i daughter, king, thrown to my
chance,
Is queen of us, and ours, and our fair France.

i>hakfl:f>eart,

DoVla.s. n.f. A coarfe kind of linen.

Dmvlm, filthy dowlat ; 1 have given them away
to bakers wives, and they have made boulters of
them. Shaktjfan.

DewN. n.f. [duun, Daaifli.]

1 . Soft feathers.

Virtue is the roughert way ;
But proves at night a bed of dotvt. Witto:

Leave, leave, fair bride ! your folitary bed,
No more (hall you return to it alone ;
It nurfeth fadncfs : and your body's print,
Like to a grave, the yieldingyowji doth dint.

Dcnntt

We tumble on our Jov>n, and court the Uefling
Of a (hort minute's (lumber. Der.ham't Sefbf,

A tender weakly conftitution is very much
owing to the ufe ot dnoH beds. Lockt,

2. Any thing that foothes or mollifies.

Thcu b.lom lo.''tnofs ! doivn of all my cares !
I could recline my thoughts upon this breaft
To a forgetfulnels of aU my griefs,
Antl vet be happy. ' Siuitern's Oncnokc.

3. Soft

DOW

J. Soft wool, or tender hair.

I love my hufl>artd ft!II ;
But love him ai he was when youthful grlce,
And the firft dvam, bt n to fiiade his face. Dryd.

On thy chin the fpringinj beard began
To Cpread a dpubtful dovn, and promiie man.

frior.

4. The foft fibres of pUnts which wing the
feeds.

Any light thing that moveth, when we 6nd no
wind, Iheweth a wind at hand j as when feathers,
or </«Mi of thiftles, fly to and fro in the air.

Baeoni Natural Hijiory.
Like fcatter'd Jctun, by howling Euros blown
By rapid whirlwinds from his manfion thrown.

DOWN. H.f. [bun. Saxon ; Jane, Erfe,'^a
hill.] A large open plain ; properly a
flat on the top of an hill.

On the Jcivm we fee, near Wilton fair,
A haftrn'd hare from greedy greyhound go. Sidttcj.

Lord of much riches which the ufc renowns ;

Seven tlwu&nd broad-taiPd flietp grai'd on his

dttcni. Sandys.

Not all the fleecy wealth

That doth enrich thofc d'.ium is worth a thought.

To this my errand, and the care it brought. Mill.

Hills afford plrafant profj eels ; as they muft
aeeds acknowledge wh» have been on the Awbj of
Suflex. R,y_

How Will-a-wifp mifleaJs night-faring clowns
O'er hillj, and finking bogs, and fuiiltb drtrm.

Gay,

To compafs this, his building !i a town,
His pond an ocean, his parterre a dttm. P.pi.

Dqv.s. fref. [abtjna, Saxon.]
I. AIonj{ a defcent ; from a liigher place
to a lower.

Let go thy hold when 1 grea' wheel runs dnun
hill, left it break thy neck with following it ; but
the great one that goes upward, let him draw
»"«'■• , . Shaiifftarci King Utr.

A man falling down a precipice, though in mo-
tion, it not at liberty, becaufe he cannot Hop that
motion if he would. Ltekt.

z. Towards the mouth of a river.

MahoiT.ct put hit chief fubrtancc into certain
boats, to be conveyed dmin the river, ai purpofing
_ '° ")• ^ Knillt,.

DowK. aa-v. Not up.

1 . On the ground ; from the height at
which any thin» waj to a lower fitaation.

Whom they \n\, r.m^ on :hc'r fei t mi-ht fta id,
1 bough liunoing elfc at ro.kj ; but dvwit tliey fell
By thoufands. MUt^,', ^jradif, tlft.

Di-un finks th» giant with a tbund'ring founj,
Hupond'rous limbs oppri.fi the trenibrmg ijroui^d.

rv* 1. « Drydtm,

z. Tending towards the ground.

3. From former to latter times : as, this
has been the prafUce Joivn from the
conqueft.

4. Out of fight ; below the horizon.

H.-.» gr-ei the night, bu) >
—The nwon is d-^wr. ; I luie not liiard the clock,
And Oil- g.,es d«wn at twelve. Staiifp. Macitth.

5. To a total fubjeaion: ufed of men and
things.

What remains of the fuhje^, after the decoc-
tion, IS cntinued to be bolle.^ d'.vn, with the a-i
4iiionr,ffreiliw.tT,t«afapd at, ^rkuib.cnMm.
». Into difgrace ; into declining reputa-
tion. '^
He rtiar'd our dividrnd o' th' trown,
We had fo painfully preach'd d'.wn ;
And forc'd us, thau^h againft the grain,
T- have calif to preach it up .gain, fludlirai.
It has been Itill preached up, but aftcd diywn ;
and dealt with as the eagle in th( fable did with
the oyftcr, carrying it up on high, that, by letting
»t tall, he might daA it in pieces. Scutb.
There it not a mare melancholy objeft in th'

DOW

1

learned world, than a man who had written himrerif
%''•''•. .4ddif>i.

7. [anfwering to »/.] Here and there.

Let them wander up and drwn for meat, and
grudge if they be not fatisficd. P/alx lix. 1 5.

Down, interj.

I. An exhortation to deftrnftion or demo-
lition.

Go, fome pull down the Savoy j others to the
inns of court : d<niin with them all. khaicjpcarc.

If there be ten, flirink not, but dovin with
*'•""• Sbakejfmrc.

But now they cry, dnvn with the palace, fire it.
Pull out th' ufurping queen. Dryden.

2. A contemptuous threat.

Dnun, down to hell, and fay I fent thee thither.

Shakrfptan.

Down. [Toga.] To be digefted ; 'to be
received.

If he be hungry more than wanton, bread alone
will diyiun ; and if he be not hungry, 'tis not fit he
Ihould eat. i,,^,.

1 kn<ns- not how abfurd this may feem to the
mafters of demonftration ; and probably it will
hardly Jcw» with any body, at firrt hearing. Lccit.
To Down. v. a. [from the particle.] To
knock ; to fubdue ; to fupprefs j :o con-
quer.

The hidden beauties feeni'd in wait to lie.
To (/nvii proud heartt that would not willing die.

Sidney .

Do'wN c AST. aJJ. [tToviH and caj}.] Bent
down ; direfted to the ground.

Wanton Unguilhing borrowed of her eyes the
dr-.vncaft look of modefty. Sidney.

My wily nurfe by long experience found,
And firft diTcoyet'd to my foul its wound j
• Tis love, faij /be ; and 'th-.-n my dnvncaj! eyes.
And guilty dumbncfs, witneb'd my furprize.

-., , Drydeti.

Thy drwncajl looks, and thy difordcr'd thouglitf,
Tell me thy fate : 1 alk not the fuccefs
My caufe has fouud. Mdifin', Cato.

Do WNFAL. n. /. [from dcivn and/a//.]
I. Ruin ; calamity ; fall from rank or
ftate.

Why doll thou fay king Richard it dcpos'd '
Dar'ft thou, thou little better thing than earth,
Dmne hit d'^n/M f Sbahff.ar.s Richard U.

We have .'-en firoe, by the wavs by which they
had deligncd to rife unc mtroliably, to have direaiy
procured their utter dctunfal. South.

2. A fudden fall, or body of thing.? falling!

Each dvwnf.il of a flood the mountain-, p lur
Frnm th-ir rich bowels, rolj^ a Olvcrrtrcam. Dryd.

3. Dellruftion of fabricks.
Not more aj'ialt the m«ront of renown.

When tyrant Nero burn'd iir imperial town,
Shriek'd f >r the dnvnfal in a doleful cry.
For which their juiltlefs lords were doom'd to die
, I>rid,n.

Do WNTALLEK.partUifiaia^j. [d'c<zt.« and
/a//.] Ruined; fallen.

riii: land is niw divorced bv the dm'nral/,n
ftcep clili's on the farther fide. Car. Surn.: ■tJCo'vii:
Do'wNCvRED. niij. [rtfcxoj/ and gyri:J.'\
Let down in circular wrinkles.

Lord Hamlet, «ith his (locking's loole,
Ungartcr'd, and </',««^V,vrf to his ancles. Sbahfp

Do WNHi r.i.. n.f. [dWv/.ind /.///. J Decli-
vity ; defcent.

Heavy the third, and ftift', be finks apace;
And though 'ti« dnunhiU 4,\\, but creeps along th-
^ , "«• Dry,i,n.

Do WNHI LL. adj. Declivcus ; defcemfing.
And the firft fteps a downhill greenfward yield>.

_ , Conrr.vr.

Do wNL00KED.rt<a)'. [</(iw»and/t>i!;^.] Hav-
ing a dejcft.-d countenance ; gloo my ;
fullen; melancholy. •*

DOW

Jealoufy, fufTus'd with jaundice in her eyes,
Dikolouring all /he view'd, in tawncy drcfs'd (
Downhtk'd, and with .i cuckoo on her fid. Dryd.

Downly'ing. adj.yo'-MfiMiilie.] About

to be in travail of childbirth.
Downri'ght. adnj. [do'WH and right.]
I . Straight or right down ; down perpen-
dicularly.

A giant's /lain in fight,
Or mow'd o'crthwart, or cleft down, igtt. HuJih-au

z. In plain terms; withotit ceremony.

Elves, away !
We (hall chide drtcmight if J longer ftiy, Sbjt.
3. Completely ; without flopping fhort.
This paper put Mis. Bull in /„ch ap.ffion, that
(he fell dnonriibt into a fit. jMuibna.

Downrj'ght, adj.
I. Plain; open; apparent; undifguifcd.

An admonition from a dead author, or a caveat
from an impartial pen, will prevail more than a
dc'u.'nrrgb, advice, which may be miftaken a, '
fpoken mag.ftcnally. ^^„,_

Jt IS dj-wnr.git madnefs to /trike where we have
no power to hurt. __ VEJIran...

1 he merchant s w,te, who abounds in plenty, is

not to have dc-zonrigi, money ; but the mercenary

part of her mind is engaged with a prefent of plate.

_^. Spihalor,

2. Direftly tending to the point ; plain .-

artlels. '^ *

I would rather have a plain dc^nrigb, wifdora.
than a fooliih and aflciitcd eloquence.

Bin Jon/on'i Difcniriri.

. Unceremonious ; honeftly furly.

When it came to the count to fp..ak, old Faft f*
ftared him in the face, after his plain ^««,„>i.,
w.ry, that the count was llruck dumb.
Dl • ., .^'Id'fir,; Count Tarif,

. Plain ; without palliation.

The idolatry was direft and downrirbt in the
people, whole credulity is illimitable.

D ,. . , . ^'■"""'l I'flgar Errours.

Religion fecms not in danger from drwnrisht
atheifm, fmce rational men mull rcjea that for
want of proof. r,

Dr ' , Korrri.

OWN3ITT1NC. n.f. [dom,n and /ft.]
Reft ; repofe ; the aft of fitting down,
or going to rcrt.

Thou kncmeft my dotv^fiiing and mine unrif.
ing J thou underftandcit my thoughts afar oft.

r. X , ^/'''« cxx»ix. 2.

Uo WN WAR D.J

Do'wr.wARns. j""^'"' [ounepeapb. Sax.]
". Towards the centre.

As you lit't up the gUin-s, the drop will in;enl
flower and flower, and at length rc,1, being carried
rf«r«,...;r,n.y Its weight ai much at upwards!,*
the jttrartinn. jv— -•

2. From a higher fituation to a lower.'

Look ,y',-.c««Mr,/ on that g4obe, whofe hither
lide.
With lijjht from hence, fhines. JIfv't-,

Hills are ornament.il to the earth, afTordini
pleafint profpcfts to them that look diwnwardt
from them upon the fubjacent countries.

,„, , , , . Riy tsn the Crea-h».

Whit would this mim ? Now upward will fas
foar,
And, lit'lc Irfs than angel, would be more t
Now, I loking down-wardt, jult as gricv'd appcart
I o wa.it the ftrcngth of bulls, the furof bears. Pope.

3. In a courfe of fuceeflive or lineal de-
fcent.

A ring the count docs wear.
That devntvard hath fu.tcedcd in hij houfc,
F, om fon to (on, fomc four or five defcents. '^aK

Do wnwa rd. adj.

I. Moving on a declivity; tending to-
wards the centre ; tending to the
ground.

♦ » » Witli

D O Z

With dnonoari forcf.
That drove the fand alonf , he took his wav,
And roll'd his yellow billows to the fea. Dryitn.

-g. Declivous; bending.

When Aurora leaves our northern fphere,
She lights the Jrwntuard heaven, and rifes there.

Drjdn.

3. Deprefled ; dejeAed.

At the lowed of my jMuvward thoughts, I

pulled up my heart to remember, that nothing is

achieved liefore it be thjrougbly attempted, and

that lying (till doth never go forward. Sidtny,

Do'wNY. ailj. [from i/ewff.]

1 . Covered witli down or nap.

By his gates ot breath
There lies adofvny fc:::hcr, which ftirs not !
Did he ful'pirr, that light and wcightlefs down
Perforce muft mo\*c. Sbahjfe^fe*

There be plants. that have prickles, yet have
dct/ty or velvet rind upon ilicir leaves, as ftock-
gilljnowers and coltsfoot; which djwn or nap
tondftcth of a fubtlle fpiiit, 'n a foft fubflance.

Sticiui NaiKTol Kijtitry.
In her hand Ihc held
A bou^h of faireft fruit, that downy fmil'd.
New g^iclicr'd, and ajnbrofial fniell diffused. Milt.

2. Made of down or foft feathers.

A lide breeze from weftward waits tlieir fails to

611,
And refts in thofe high beds bis dyivny wings.

Dryden.
Belinda ftill her dc-wry pillow prcft,
Her guardian fylph prolong'd the balmy reft. Pcpi.

3. Soft J tender ; foothing,

Banquo ! Donalbain ! Malcolm ! awake !
Shake off this downy deep, death's counterfeit,
And look on death itfelf. Sbakefptarei Macbeth.

The night's companion kindly cheating them
Of all their cares, tam'd tl;c rebellious eye
Of forrow with a foft and dtnvny hand,
Sealing all breafts in a Icthean band. Crajhtiiv.
Do'wRE. X"./' [douaire, Fr. It ought to
Do'wRy.J be written (iWy^r.]

1 . A portion given with a wife. See
Dower. '

I could marry this wench for this dcvjre, Sidn.

And aik no other dowry but fuch another jell.
, Sbakefpeart,

The king muft die, that I may make you great.
And give a crown in dowry with my love.

Diydent Sfuni/h Friar.

Tethys all herwavesin (/orory gives. Uryd. yirg.

2. A revvarJ paid for a wife.

Thine own hand
An hundred of the faithlefs foe (hall flay,
And for idotorc a hundred forelklns pay. CowJey.

3. A gift ; a fortune given.
D»xo'"locy. »./. [ai^x and hiy^.] A

form of giving glory to God.

Davi.l breaks forth into thefe triumphant praifes
and JoxJegies, BlelTcd be the Lord God of Ifrael,
who has kept me this day from (hedding blood,
and from avenging myfclf with my own hand.

South,

Little did Athanafius imagine, that ever it wu,.ld
have been received in the Chridian church, to
conclude their books with a doxthgy to God and
the blelTed virgin. Siillin^fieel.

Do'xy. (I./. A whore; a loofe wench.

When ilaffbdilt begin to pure,
"With heigh ! the doxy over the dsle. Sbakiff.

To DOZE. V. n. [bpaef, Saxon ; daes,

Dutch ]
I'. To flumber ; to fleep lightly.

There was no fleeping under his roof: if he hap-
pened to dtut a little, the jolly cobler waked him.

UF.prange.

2. To live in a ftate of dronfinefs ; to be
half adeep.

It has happened to yoong men of the greateft
«It to wa(h! their fpirits with anxiety and pain, fo
far, as to Jcze upon their woilt with too much
cagemefs of doing wcU> Vrjin,

D R A

How to the banks, where bards departed dttu.
They led him foft. Pife'i Dumciad.

Chieflefs armies ^csV out the campaign,
And navies yawn'd for orders on the main. Ptft.

To DOZE. 'V. a. To ftupify ; to dull.

He was now much decayed in his parts, and
with immoderate drinking daxtd in his under-
danding. Clarendon.

Two fatyrs on the ground,
Stretch'd at his-eafe, their fire Silenus found
i)o»V with his fumes, and heavy with his load.

Drydtn.
Do'zEN. n. f. \doutLaine, French.] The
number of twelve. It is feldc^ ufed
but on light occafions.

We cannot lodge and board a doi^tn or fourteen
gentlewomen, but wc keep a bawdyhoufe draighr.

Shakffp€are.

That the Indian (igs bear fuch huge leaves, or
delicate fruit, I could never find \ yet I have tra-
velled a dimtn miles together under them. Raleigh.

By putting twelve units together, we have the
complex idea of a dox-cn. Locke.

The number of difTentcrs wa» fomething under
a disser with them. • Sioifi.

Do'ziNEst. «./. [from Jozy.] Sleepinefs ;
droufmefs. Little ufed.

A man, by -a violentlitof the gout in his limbs,
finds a doainefs in his head, or a want of appetite.

Locie,

Do'zY. aJJ. [from (/««.] Sleepy; droufy ;
fluggifti.

The yawning youth, fcarce half awake, effays
His laiy limbs and </oiy head to raife. Drydtn.

Drab. «./. [bpabbe, Saxon, lees.] A
whore ; a ftrumpet.

That 1, the fon of a dear father murder'd.
Mull, like a whore, unpack my heart with words.
And fall a curfing like a very drah ! Shak. Ham!.

If your worfhip will take order for the drabs and
the knaves, yuu need not fear the bawds. Shaktjj).
Babe,

Ditch-delivcr'd by a drab. Shakifp. Macbeth.

Curs'd be the wretch fu venal, and io vain.
Paltry and proud as drabt in Drury-lane. Pope.

Drachm, n.f. [^drachma, Latin.]

1. An old Roman coin.

See here thefe movers, that do prixe their ho-
nours
At a ctack'd drachm. Sbakeffean'x Macittb.

2. The eighth part of an ounce.
DRACV'NCVLUS. n.f. [Latin.] A worm

bred in the hot countries, which grows
to many yards length between the llcin
and flefh.
Dr AD. adj. [for dread, or the part, paflive
of To dread.] Terrible ; formidable ;
dreaded.

Th' utmod fand-breach they (hortly fetch,
Whild the <//-«i/ danger does behind remain.

Fairy ^een.

DRAFF, n./. [bpop, dirty, Saxon; dra/,

Dutch, the fediment of ale.]
I. Refufe ; lees ; dregs : properly fome-
thing fluid.

You would think I had a hundred and fifty
tatter'd prodigals lately come from fwinekccping,
from eating draff ini hulks. Shaief/:. Henry IV.
' 'Twere fimple fury, dill thyfelf to wade

On fuch as have no taile \
To oft'er them a forfeit of pure bread

Whofe appetite is dead !
No, give thi-m grains their fill j
Hulks, draff, to drink and fwill. Ben "Jttjon.
1 caird and drew them thlt'ier.
My hell-hounds to lick up the draff ir\i filth.
Which man's polluting (in with taint had (hed
On wliat was pure. Mtlions Parodist L«f.

Here rather let u.c drudgf:, and earn my bread.
Till vermin, or tlie</r«^of fcrvile fod,
CsoTume mt, Afilitn't /tfJuiJItt.

DRA

2. Refufe ; fweepings. Perhaps improper-

Younger brothers but the </r«(^of nature. Dryd.

Dra'ffy, adj. [from //ra^.J Wcrthlefs;

dreggy.
Draft, adj. [corrupt for draught.] Em-
ployed to draw.

UlyiTes and old Neftoryoke yo» like draft oxen^
and make you plough up the wair. j

Shakeffcare' t Troilui and Creffida,

To DRAG. -v. a. [bpajan, Saxon.]

1 . To pull along the ground by main force ;
to draw heavily along.

Such his afpect, when, fuil'd with .bloody dud,

Dragg'd by the cords which through his feet «ert

thrud. Dtnham.

While I have any ability to hold a commerce
with you, I will never be filcnt; and this chancing
to be a d.iy that I can hold a pen, 1 will drag It as
long as I am able. Swift,

2. To draw any thing burthenfome, any
thing from which one cannot difengagc
one's felf.

'Tis long fmce I, for my eeleftial wife,
Loatb'd by the gods, have dragg'd t ling'ring life.

Drydtn.
Can I, who lov'd fo well.
To part with all my blifs to fave my lover.
Oh ! can I Jrtig a wretched life without him *

Smith*

J. To draw contemptuoufly along, as a
thing unworthy to be carried.

He triumphs in St. Auftin's opinion ; and is
not only content to drag me at his chariot-wheels,
but he makes a fliew of me. Stil/icgfieet

4. To pull about with violence and igno-
miny.

They (hall furprife
The ferpent, prince of air, and drag in chains
Through all his realm, and there confounded leave.

Mi/ten.

The condable was no fooner efpied but he

was reproached with difdainful words, beaten and

dragged in fo barbarous a manner, that he hardly

efcajed with his life. Clarendcn.

5. To pull roughly and forcibly.

To fall, that's judice;
But then, to drag him after ! For to die.
And ye: in dtatli to conquer, is my wifh. DryJ,

In my fatal caufe your fvrord was drawn j
Tl»e weight of my misfortuoet dragg'd you down.

Dryden,

Te Drag. -v. «r. To hang fo low as to
trail or grate upon the ground.
From hence are heard the groans of ghods, the
pains
Of founding la/hes, and of dragging chains. Diyd
A d(jur is faid (a drag, when, by its ill hanging^
on iti hinges, the Bottom ed^eof the door rides in
its Iweep upon the floor. Moxcn'i Mech. Exercifei.
Drag. n.f. [from the verb.]

1. A net drawn along the bottom of th«.
water.

Carting nets were fpread in (hallow brooks,
Dragt in the deep, and baits were hung on hooks.

rw.x. Dryden.

The creatures are but indmments in God's

hand! the retisming our acknowledgments to

them is jud the fame abfurdity with theirs who

burnt incenfe to xhedrag, and facrificed to the net.

^ Rogert,

2. An tnftrument with hooks to catch lipid
of things under water.

y lu may in the morning find it near to fome
fixed place, and then take it up with a drar hook,
oroche.wife. V^.'..<,„.

3. A kind of car dr.-iwn by the hand.

The drag is made fomewhat like a low car : it is
ufed for the carri.ige of timber, and then is
drawn i>y tlic hand.c by tvm or more mm.

Mvcm't Mabanica! Exercifei,

To Dra'cgle.

D R A

To Dra'cgle. v. a. [from drag."] Tp
make dirty by dragging on the ground.

You'll fee a draggUd damlel, here and there.
From Billingfgate her ijlhy trafficJc bear.

Gay'i Trivia.

He wore the fame gown five years, without
draggling or tearing. Stuift.

. 7* Dra GCLE. v, ti. To grow dirty by
being drawn along the ground.

His draggling tail hung in the dirt,
Which on his rider he would flirt. Hudibras.
Dra'gket. n.f. [drag 2inA »«.] A net
which is drawn along the bottom of the
water.

Dragnctt were made to fifli within the deep.
And caftingr.e;! did rivers bottoms fweep.

May'i yirgi/.
Some fifliermen, tjiat had been out with a drag,
nti, ini caught nothing, had a draught towards
the evening, which put them in hope of a fturgcon
»t ''«• L'Efirarg,.

One of our late great poets is fonk in his repu-
tation, becaufe he could never forgive any conceit
which came in bis way, but fwept, lilce a draentt,
great and fmall. Dryden.

Whatfoever old Time, wlih his huge dragon,
has conveyed down to us along the ftrcam of ages,
whether it be /hells or (hellfifh, jewels or pebbles,
flicks or draws, fcawteds or mud, thefe are the an-
cients, thefe are the fathers. H^aiu
DR.VGON. n./. [draco. Latin; dragon'..

French.]
vl. A kind of wijiged ferpent, perhaps
• imaginary, much celebrated in the ro-
mances of the middle ages.

1 go alone.
Like to a lonely dragon, that his fen
Makes feard and ta";k'd of more than feen.

- .- f .. Hbakf [peart.

Swift, fwift, you dragta, of the night! ihat
dawning
May bear the raven's ej-e. Shairfp.art', CymttLm.

And you, ye dragons ! of the fcaly race.
Whom glittering gold and (hining armours grace :
In other nations harmlcfs are you found,
Their guardian g-nii and proteflors own'd. JJrt»,.

On fpiery volumes there a dragon rides ;
Here, from our ftrict embrace, a ftream he glides.

2. A fierce violent man or woman.
J. A conftellation near the north pole.
Dra'cOn. n.f. [dracunculus. LatUl.T A
plant.

Dra'conet. n.f. [(tomdragoitA A little
dragon.

Or in his womb might lork fome hidden neft

Ot many drag^ntn. his fruitful fred. Fairy 3ut,„

Dra coNFLy. ,. / [Jrag,n and fly:

Ubella.] A fierce ftitiging fly.

Th- b.,iy of the cantharide. is bright coktired ;

• and 't may b„ th.t the delicate coloured drangonjiu)

may have likewifc fome cwofive <)ual!-/.
T\ ' ,. , , Bactn'% Natural Hif>,r:.

1>R A co.N- IS H. aJj. [from dragon. ] Hav-
ing the form of a dragon ; dragonlike.
An arbitrary word.

Sometimei we lee a cloud that 's dri>f^,]A ;
A vapour f.metimes like ..bear or lion. 'haltp
Dra cONLiRE.a^.r^,fl^^and//^^ 1 /J.
noHS ; fiery. ■■

He figiit> dragon/Ike, and dnes achicw
A, foon a, draw h.s Iword. Stah/f, CrMaru,.

Dra coNSBLOOD.n./ [dragon ^ndSho^.]
So called from a Calle oi^inion of the
dragon s combat wUh the elephant.

DragonJbUcd,, a refill, l,, „,T.ed I ,, ,eem •
have beeii imagined an animal pr^du.ti ,n. //,/;
I ake drar.rfl,M, beat it in a .„o,tar, a Jo..
|nn^. clotn with »iua v,l,, and ftrain |h- ,> t ,- ".i

DRA

Dra'gonshbad. a./ A plant.

Dra'gontree. »./ A fpecies of palm.

DRAGO'ON. n. /. [from drager,, GtT-
man, to carry.] A kind of foldier that
ferves inaifferently either on foot or
horfeback.

Two egiraents of dragoons iuffetei much in the
late aftion. ^^,,„._

7oDrago'on.i;.<j. [from the noun.] To
perfecute by abandoning a place to the
rage of loldiers.

In politicks I hear you Ve ftanch,
Direaiy bent againft the French j
Deny to have y.mr free-born foe
Dragoon'd into a wooden (hoe. Prior.

To DRAIN, -v. a. [trainer, French.]
I. To draw off gradually.

Salt water, drained, tlirough twenty velTels of

''tu c '^'^°™= '^-^ Bacon' iNaluralHifljry.

The fountains drain the water from the gruunu

adjacent, and leave but fufficient moifture to breed

mofs. D

. a a con.

In times of dearth it drained much coin of the

kingdom, to furnifli us with corn from foreign

■"wl-l/t t ■ Bacon to m,ers.

vvhilft a foreign war devoured our ftrcngth, and
rfraicf^ourtreafures, luxury and eutpencesincreafed
at home. ^., t

Tk I /I Atttrbury.

i he laft emperor drained the wealth of chofc-
countries into bis own cotters, without increafine
his troops againll France. S-wift.

2. To empty, by drawing gradually away
what It contains.

Sinking waters, the firm land to drain,
Fill'd the capacious deep, and form'd the n.ain.

The royal babes a tawny wolf ftall drain. Dred.

Wnile cruel Nero only drain$
The mortal Spaniard's ebbing veins.
By ftudy worn, and flack with ag.-,
Hjw dull, how thoughtlef. is his rage ! Prcr.
Had the world lafteo f.o:n all eternity, thefe co-
mtu moft have been drained of all their fluids.

3. To make quite dry.

When wine is to be bottird, wa/h your bittle?
b'.t do not draim them. Stvifts Direc. ,0 the Butler.
Dra. n. ». / [from the verb.] The chan-
nel through which linuids are gradually
drawn ; a watercocrfe ; a fink.

It your drains be deep, that you fear cnttle fall-
ing into th'-m, cover ihem. Mo'rnm.r's H.,/iand, v.
Why (hould I tell of p.,nds and drain,.
What carps we met with for our pains? Stvl/t.
Drake, n.f. [of uncertain' etymolosv.l
I. The male of the duck.

The dock (hould hide her eggs from the drake,
who wiU fuck them if he finds them.
- - Murtimer's Hujhandry.

z. Ifrom draco, dragon, Latin.] A linall
piece of artillery.

Two or three (h, ti, made at them by a couple of
dr.,k:,, mide them ft.gger. Clarendon

DRAM. „./ [from drachm; drachma,
Latin.]

1. In weight the eighth part of an ounce.

1 he trial beint; made betwixt lead ..nj lead,
>«i«h,ng f,,er..lly (bven ^,ams in the ait, the ba
aoce in tf,e water weigh-tn o ly feu. dram, an.'
tor.y-one gra.ns, and ab.teth of the weight in f>e
a,r two drami and nineteen grains: the balance
Kept the lame depth in the water. Bacor

z. A fmall quantity, in a kind of prover-
bial leifle.

One hving ly»'jr
For mary years of forr.,w can difpenfe;
A dram ol iweet is worth » pound of four.

\i J r ■ . Fairy Slueen.

No dram of judgnwat with thy force is io:„ d :
1 hy body i»«fprolit, and siy niiod. Orjd, tai.'es.

DRA

3. Such a quantity of diftilled fpirit as ij
ufually drank at once.

ic.'uld do this, and that with no ra(h j)Otion,
But with a ling'ring dram, that (hould not wnrk
Malicioudy like poifon. Sbakejp. fTsmer', Tale.
tvery dram of brandy, every pot of ale that you
drink, raifeth your charatter. sJirr

4- Spirits; diftilled liquors.

A fecond fee, by meeker manners known.
And modcft as the maid that fips alone :
From the (Iron- fate of drams if thou get free.
Another Durfy, Ward ! (hall fing in thee. Ape.

5fcURAM. 'V. n. [from the noun.] In low
language, to drink drams ; to drink dif-
tilled Ipirits.

DRA'MA n./. [Jp«,,„.] A poem accom-
modated to aftion ; a poem in which the
adion IS not related, but reprefcnted •
and in which therefore fuch rules are to
be obferved as make the reprefentatlon
probable.

fr.i^H^' '■'''" °r!'?'j'"'S nafte Ariflotlc dreir
• ^ ^mer, wnich he fitted to the drama; furnifh-
■ng himfelt alfo with obfervations from th. the.tre.

a^/sopho^r *"' ""'" ^"'■^'-' '"r>
' ■ Driden.

Dramatical. 7 «^. [from -/r«;»^.]'Re-

DraMA TICK. J "■

not narrative

-J ■ ^ .. -, vtrnu . J XVC-

prefented by aflion;

I hope to make it appear, that, in the great ^ra-
rCol^""" ""'"'' '' " """'""i' of '"tforf^cing
D R A M a't I c A I. L Y . ad-v . [ from dramatUkA
Reprefentatively ; by reprefentaticn.

Ignorance and errors are feverally reprehended,
partly dramatually, partly fimply. "^ Or-id.n

Dra matist. n.f. [from drama.-\ The
author of dramatick compofitions

The whole theatre ref -unds with the praifes of
the great dramat.ft, and the Wonderful art and ci>der
ot the compofition. Burners Tk.orf.

Urank. [the preterite oUrink.}
r. DRAPE. .^. „. [drap. French; draiu,,
low Latin.] '

1. To make cloth.

It vva. rare to let prices by ftatute; and thisidl
did not prefcnbe prices, but ftinted them not tt.
exceed a rate that the clothier might drape ac-
cordingly as he might afford. ^f^

2. Tojeer orfaiirize. [drapper. French.V
Jt IS ufed in this fenfe by the innovator
•lempU, whom nobody has imitated

fell'^cVoih!'-^- ^''^""^ '"'''•'^ °- -''<'

..^pi:S::t;di^:,!!---:-j

The draper an! mercer may meafure her.

Dra'p.rv „./ [Jrapperie, Frenchy*^'-'
I. Clothwork ; the trade of making cloth j
woollen manufafture.

He made (latutes tor the maintenance of draptr,
and the keeping of wools within the realm.

Xk J , » Bacem'i Henry VII.

The reverend clergy Aould fee u, an example, bJ
contenting themleivcs with wearing gowns, 4^d

. Ihe Bulls auJ Frogs had ferved the lord Strutt
with drapery ware for many yc.rs. , -

}. The drefs of a pidure or ftatue

P.«ts art allowed the f.ime liberty in their d..
(cnption, and comparifons. as painters in th i,
drapenes and ornaments. „ '

Dra'p.t. n f. [from drape.^ Cloth; c*
verlet. Npt in ufe. ,

i hence (he them brought into a ftate'y half.
Wherein wctc many t.ibkfr fair difpfedy

And

D R A

An! ic^ 4i|6t With ttraptis friltivt',
AgiinA ihc viinds ihfiuld be mioilUcrf.

Farf S^tm.

"Dtfi'tTicK. adj. [Jf«fiit®-.] Powerful ;
vigorous ; efficacious.

ll it ufed of i medicine that works with fpccd j
as jitip, fcammory, and the ft.-onger putgc^.

t)iiAVE. [the preterite of j/r/i)?.] Dro-vt
is more ufed.

He dravt them bey \niPn's flood,
And their fad bound> i. .c'd deep in their own
blood. Cfrwlrfy

The foe rulb'4 furious as lie pants for breath,
And through hij n.ivel dravt the pointed death.

Tofie^i Jiiadi

Srauoh. ti. /. [corruptly written for
Jraff.'\ Refufe; fwill. See Draff.

>\'c dij not a6l, that often jcA and laugh ;
*Ti> old, but true, ftill fwinc cat all the draugb,

Sbaijijpeare.

DuAVCHT. 71./. [from tlra'w.'\

I. The ad of drinking.

They fiung up one ot their Ingflieads, and 1
drank it oft' at a draught ; witich ln.:;;ht well dn,
for it did not hold hait a pint. QnUivfr'z 1'rax'c'i.

X. A quantity of liquor drank at ot^ce.

He had once cuntioued about nine days • thout
drink; and he might have cone nucd lorjjtr, if,
by diftempcring himfelf one night with haM (Judy,
he had not had fame inclination to take a fmall
draught. Bcyh.

Fill high the gobKts with the fparkling H^mi,
And with deep draugbti invoke our common g(;d.

Dtyd<:n.
Long draughii of fleep his monllrous limbs cn-
flavc;
He reels, and falling fills the fpacious cave.

Drydeni ^ntiii.
I have cured feme very dcfperatc coughs by a
draught cvory morning of fpring water, with a
handful of fage boiled in it. Timylf,

Every draught, to him that hat quenched his
thirtt, is but a fa. ther quenching oi naiurc ; a
provifion for rheum and aifcafes. S.uih.

3. Liquor drank for pleafure.

Were it a draught for Juno when (he banquet?,
1 would not taftc thy treafonous offer. Milttin.

Numb'r'd ills, that lie unfeen
In the pernicious draught : the word oblcc nc.
Or hatft, which, once elanc'd, murt ever fly
Irrevocable, the too prompt teply. Prkr.

Delicious wines th' attending herald brougilt ;
The gold gave luftrc to the purple draught.

Fojit OJyffiy.

^. The a£l of drawing or pulling car-
riages.

A genera! cuftom of u Ting oxen f^r all forts of

draught, would be perhaps the grcateft improve -

meat. 'Tcmflr.

The moil occafion that farmers have, i^ tor

draught horfcs. At'rt'tHur^j Uujbattdry.

t. The quality of being drawn.

The Hcrtfordfhirc wheel-plough is the b~ft anJ
ftrongell for mod ufes, and of the cafiell draught.

Mortimer.

6. Rcprefeiitation by pifture.

Her p'ncil drew wiiatc'er hr foul dcSgn'd,
And oft the happy draught furpafs'd the image in
her mind. Dry,Un.

7. D.eliaeation ; (ketch ; outline.

A good inclination is but the firil rude draught
of viitucj but the iinifhing llrokes are from ihc
#ill. Siuth. .

I have, in a IhoU draught, given a view 01 our
original .ideaa, from whence all tiMs reft aro dc-
lived. Lotke,,

S. A pifture drawn.

WAercas in other creatures we have but the trace
of hi] f lotllcps, in man we have the draught of his
hand: in him were united aU tb« (i:Utered perfec-
tioBi of tiw cieacuie. Sn:h.

D R A

9. Th« i(S. of fwoeping with ft net.

Upo« ti>t draught or' a pond, not one filh was left,
but two pikes grown to an cacclBve bignela* lialr.

JO. The quantity of filhes taken by once
dravsin£ the net.

Hl- l,iid d wn his pipe, and cad ]»is net, which
brought him a very great dr.iugbt* VEflrangr.

ix. The zt\ of fiiooting with the bow.

Geffrey of Bouhion, ai one drought ot his bow,
fiiooting againd David's tower in Jerufalcm|
broached three feeticfs birds called allerions.

Cajr.dcnU Rrmaini,

12. Diverfion^in war ; the adl of difturb-
ing the main defign ; perhaps fiiddch
attack.

i conceive the manner of your handling. of the
fcri'io^, by drawing fudden drttughts upon the ene-
my, when he l.jokcth not for you. Sffnf* Irrhnd.

13. Forces drawn off from the main
army ; a det.ichment.

Such a draught of forces would Icflcn the num-
ber of thofe that might otherwife be employed. }

AtSdijin.

14. A fink ; a drain.

Whatfocvcr cntcrcth In at the mouth gocth into
the belly, and is caft out into the draught.

Matt. XV. 17.

15. The depth which a veflel draws, or
finks into the water.

With roomy decks, her guns •f "ri^hty ftrrngth.
Deep in her draught, and wailtki in her length.

Dry den.

With a fmall vertcl one may keep within a mile

of the ihorc, go amongli rircks, and pal's over

fiiJ.iU, where a vcfl'cl of any draught woulJ ftrike.

Ellis* s J'cyage.

16. [In the plural, Jraugin.] A kind of
piay referabling chefs.

D R a' u G H r H o u s E . If. Jl [ draught and
houji.j A houfe in which filth is depo-
fited.

And they brake down the image of Baal, and
brake d 'Wn the huule of Baal, and made it a
df-.iughrhcuff. 1 Kirgt.

To DRAW. 1'. a. pret. drfiv ; part. paif.
di-a-ivn, [bpagan, Saxon.]

1 . To pull along ; not to carry.

Then Ihail all ilraci bring ropes to that city, and
we \^iil dra^v it into the ri\x-r. 2 Sam.

2. To pull forcibly; to pluck.

He could not t/rM^v the. dagger 6ut of his belly.
jfudgti, ii. 2Z.
The arrow is now drati'n to the head, jitierh. ^

3. To bring by violence; to drag.

Do not rich men opprcls you, and dr..'w you be-
fore the jud^mcnt-feats ? Jamet, ii. 6.

4.. To raife out of a deep place.

T.icy drew up Jeremiah with cords, and took
him up out of the dungeon. jfer. xixviii. 13.
Draw ihc water for the ficge. /\'ath. iii. 14.]
5. To fuck.

He baih drawn thee dry. Ecclus. xiii. 7

There was no war, no dearth, no ftop of trade or,

commerce; it was only the crown \ihich had|

fucked coo hard, and now being full, upon' thci

head of a young king, was liXe to dra-w lefs, '

Ba.cn't H.ury VlV

Sucking and drawing the brcaft difchargcth the;

milk as fait a it can be gcnerared. '.

IViJrman ck Tumoun.}

. To attraft J to call towards itfdf. I

tVe ICC that fait, laid to a cut finjier, healeth it;"
(ii as it feemcch fait dravicth blood, as well as blood'
dratoeih fait. Baccn.

MajclVy in an cclipfe, like the (hn, dra^vs eyes
that wiuld not have looked towards it if it had
Ihincd out. Suckling.

He afFcrtcd a habit different from that of the
times, fuch as men had only beheld in pidturcs,
» hich drciv the eyes of moft, and the reverence of
many, towards him. Clartndcn,

D R A

7. To draw ai a magnet does.

She had all ma^inciic force alone,
To dra%t? and faflcn fundrcd parts in one. Dtrnnr,

Draw out with credulous defire, and lead
At will the manlicft, rciolutelt brcaft.
At the magnetic hardeft iron drmvi, Miltcn,

All eyes you draw, and with the eyes d>c heart ;
Of your own pomp yoorlclf thegreaielt pan. Dryd.

8. To inhale.

Thus I call'd, and firay'd I know not whither,
From whcie I fi.ft drew air, and firft beheld
This hippy light. MUten'i Paradiji Lc/I.

While near the Lucrine lake, confum'd to death,
I dre':v the fultry air, and gafp for breach,
■you tafte the cooling brec^e. /Uiiifcn tn Italy.

Why drnv Marfeille!" good bilhop jnircr brratb.
When nature ficken'd, and each gale was death *

9. To take from any thing containing or
holding.

They rf,-«i' out the (laves of the ark. x Chrtt,

10. To take off the fpit or broacher.

The re(l
They cut in leg* and fillets for the feaft,
Wbich drawn and fcrv'd, their hunger they appeafr.

Vrydcn,

1 1. To take from a caflc.

The wine ai life is dmvn, and the mere lees
Are left th;< vault to brag of. Shakifp. Machtth.

12. To pull a fword from the Uicath.

We will our youth lead on to higher ficlda.
And draiv no fi< ords but what are landtificd. Stat.

I will dme thy Kvord; my band (hall deltray
tkem. Exixlui, xv.

He peucecded fo far in his infolence, as to draw
out his fwcrdwith an intent to kill him. Dryden.

In all your wars good fortune blew before you,
Till in my fatal caufe your fword was draivni
The weight of my misfortunes dragg'd you down.

Dryden*

13. To let out any liquid.

Some blood dra-wn on me would beget opinion
Of my more (jcrce endeavour, Shaicjf. King Liar.

1 opened the tumour by the point of a lancet,
witliouti/ra'tt'm^ one drop of blood. tVifem. Surg.

14. To take bread out of the oven.

The joiner puts boards into ovens after the batch
\% drawn. Mwiimtr's Hujbandry,

15.. To unclofeor Aide back curtains.

Cq^ draw afidc the curtains, and difcuver
The lev'ral calkets to this nnbic prince. Staitft,

Alarm'd, and with prefaging heart he came,
And driw the curtains, and exp'^s'd the dame. Dry,
Shouts, cries, and groans liril pierce my ears,
and tlicn
A flalh of lightning dra^t'i the guilty fecne,
And (hows new arms and wounds, and dj ing men«

Dryderu

16. To clofe or fprcad curtains.

I'hilocica intreated Pamela to open her grief;
who, drawing the curtain, that the candle might not
complain of her blulhing, was ready to fpcak. 5i<f.

17. To cxtr.iifl.

Herbs draw a weak juice, and have a foft ftaik.

Bacn,

Spirits, by dlftillations, may be drawn out of
vegetable juices, which ihati fl.ime and fume of
themfelves. Ch.ynt,

1 8. To procure as an agent caufe.

When he finds the hardfhip of ftavety outwei^
the value of life, 'tis in hi? power, by refuting hit
maltcr, to draw on himfelf death. Lccie.

1 9. To produce, or bring, as an efficient
caufe.

When the fountain of mankind
Old, draw corruption, and God's curfe, by fin.

This W.1S a charge that all his heirs did bind.
And all his offspring grew corrupt therein. Sir j"./)*.

Religion will requite all the honour we can do it,
by the bleffmgs it will draw down upon us. Tiltcif.

Our^voluntary actions are the precedent caufes of
good and evil, which they dratv after itrem, and
brins upon us. J.xkn

What

D R A

Yfhit would a man value land rtady cultivated,
and well ftocked, where he had no hopes of com-
inerce with other parts of the world, to dra'Uf mo-
ney to him by the Tale of the product ? Ltcke.

Thoft elucidation:^ have ^iven rife or increafe to
his doubts, anJ dranLn ubicurity upon places of
firipture. Lscke.

His fword ne'er fell but on the guilty head ;
Oppreilion, t)ranny, and pow*r ufurpM,
Draw all the vengeance of his arm upon 'em. Add'ij.

■to. To convey fecretly or gradually.

The iicis in wait dra'u: themltlvej along.

J'd^- XX. 37.

In procrfs of time, and as their people incrcafcd,
they Ariiu chcmfclves more wcilcrly towards the
Red Sea. Raleigh.

21. Toprotraft; to lengthen; to fpin.

Huw much her grace is alter'd on tlic fudden !
Huw long her lace is linrtvn ! how pale Aie looks.
And of an earthly c.ld-! Sljkclfcjrt'i Hinrj VJII.

Hear himfclt repine
At Fate's unecjwa! laws ; and at the clue
Which ra«r-"(s in length the midmoft fiftert/rnii.
OryHfni yu-i-enal.
If we fliall irfctitgiin with more delight,
Then dra^v iji) Hfe in Ic-npthj let me fuflain.
In hopes of his cmhfracc, the worft of pain. Dr.JEti,
In Itime fimilies, men draia their comparifuns
into minute particulars of no importance.

Ftlxm on tit Claljicii.
t2. To Utter lingeringly.

The brand, amid the flaming fuel thrown.
Or drtvi, or fcem'u to dram, a dying groan.

Drydcn't FaiUi.

23. To derive ; to have from ibme origi-
nal catife or donor.

Shall freebom men, in humble awe.
Submit Co fervile Hiamc ;
Who from confent and cullum drjtv
The fame right to be rui'd by law.

Which Icings pretend to reign ? Dtydm.

Several wits entered into commerce with the

Egyptians, and from tiiem drivi the rudiments ot

fciences. Timfli.

24. To deduce as from populates.

From theeventi and revolutions otthefc govern-
racnts, are drawn the ufual inltruftions of princes
and Aatcfmen. Temple.

Jj. To imply ; to produce as aconfequen-
(ial inference.

What flicws the force of the infu'nce but a

view of all the intermediate ideas thati^^iv in the

" concluficn, or propofiti .n inferred ? Lsekr.

26. To allure^ to entice.

I'll raife fuch artificial fprights.
As by the llrength of their illulion
Shi!l draw him on to his confufion. Slak. Mad.

We have drawn them from the city. j's/. viii. 6.

Vra-ai me not away with the wicked.

Pfiilm xxviii. 3.

Having the art, by empty proroifcs and threats,
to draw others to hit purpofe. Hayward.

The Spaniaids, that were in the town, had ft
good memories of rticir lofi-s in their former fal-
li«i, as t!.e confidence of an armv, which came
for their delivsrancs, could nnt draw them forth
again. Bnani tVar v)iib Sfain.

27. To lead as a motive.

Vour way is (huter ;
My purpofes do draw me much about. Stakefp.

y£neas wond'ring (lon6, then a/lc'd the caufc
Which to the rtrcam the eicwdmg people draws.

Drydtn.

28. To perfuade to follow.

I drew this gai att head of war.
And call'd thefe fiery fpiriu from the world
To outlook con(jueft. Sbaktffeart.

The poet
Did feign that Orphr.s dreia tree*, (hmo, and

flnods;
Since noj^jht fo flsckilh, hard, and foil of ra-r,
Sui mulick, for tae-boie, doth charge lin na^tu.-r.

HOiktjfeart.

D R A

29. To induce ; to perfuade.

The Englift lords did ally thcmfclves with the
Irifli, and dreru them in to dwell among them, and
gave their children to be foftered by tiicm. Da^vks.

Their beauty or unbecomingnefs are of more
force to draw or detet their imitation than dif-
""'■'""• . Lock,.

JO. To win ; to gain : a metaphor from
gaming.

This feems a fair deferving, and muft dram mc
That which my father lofcs. Shakejf. King Le^r.

J I. To receive; to take up : as, to Jraii.-
money from the funds.

For thy three thoufand ducats here it fix.
^If every ducat in fix thoufand ducats
Were in fix parts, and every part a ducat,
I would not rfrawthem, I would have my bond. Sta.

32. To extort ; to force.

So fad an objeft, jiid fo well exprefs'd,
Dreiv fighs and groans from the giiev'd hero's
breaft. Dryden.

Can you e'er forget
The fond embraces, and repeated blcltmgs.
Which you drew from him in your lad farewcl ?

Mdijln.

33. To wreft ; to diftort.

1 wilh that both you and others would ceafe
from drawing the fcriptures to your fantafies and
aff^ions. mi,gi/,e.

34. To compofe; to form in writing: ufed
of formulary or juridical writings.

In the mean time 1 will draw a bll of proper-
ties, fuch as our play wants. Sbake/feare.

Clerk, draw a deed of gift. Shakelfeari.

The report is not unartfully ^r^i-n, in the fplrit
of a pleader, who can find the moft plaufiblL- to-
Pi'lts. Swift.

Shall Ward draw contraQs with a ftatefir.an's

35. To withdraw from judici.il notice.

Go, wjfh thy face, and draw thy aflion : come,
thou mufl not be in tliis humour with mc. Shak.

36. To evifcerate ; to embowel.

In private draw your poultry, clean your tripe,
And from your eels their fiimj lubflancewipe. Kin".

37. To convey a criminal to execution on
a lledge.

38. To Draw in. To apply to any pur-
pofe by diftortion or violence.

A difpute, where every little l»raw la laid hold
on, and every thing that can but be dra^i-n in any
way, to give coljur to the argument, is advanced
with oflentation. Locke.

39. To reprefent by piaure, or in fancy.

I do arm myfcif
To welcome the condition of tiie time ;
Which cannot look more bidcouOy on me,'
Than I \ii\r drawn it in my fantsfy. Shak. H. IV.

With his other hand, thus o'er his brow,
He falls to fuch perulal of my face.
As he would draw it. Shake/feare'l Itamlel.

Draw the whole world expecting whj fhouUi

D R A

The men, as I.idians with a female
Tarn-: elephant inveigle the male ? HudihrA.
It was the proihture faith of faithlefs mifcreantj
t.iat drew 'hem in, and deceived them. South,

'^i- To Draw of. To extract by diftilla-
tion.

Au'hjrs who have thus drawn ojf the fplrits of
their th.Hights, fhould lie fliU for (ome time, till
their minds have gathered f.elh fVrength, and by
reading, reflexion, and conveifjtion, laid in a new
ftock of elegancies, fcntiments, and images of na-
'"'f- . . , Md,Jcn', Freeholder.

44. J o drain out by a vent.

Stop your vcni-1, ar.d have a little vent-hole
f1o,>ped with a fpill, which never allow to be pulled
out till you draw offi great quantity. Mcrt. Hujh.

45. To'Dt.AV/of. To withdraw ; to ab-
ftraft.

It draws men's minds offUom the bitternefs of
r"J-' T. Mdifon.

46. Jo D HAW on. Tooccafion; to invite.
Undercolourofwar, which either his negligence

dr.rws on, or hit practices procured, he levied x
'"''"'*>■• Hayward.

47. T» D R A w OB. To caufe ; to bring by
degrees.

The eximination of the fubtile matter would
draw on the confideration of the nice controvcr-
fiesthat perplex philofophers. Jicyle on Fluids.

48. To Draw o-ver. To rRJfe in a ftiil.

I took rcilifieo oil of vitriol, and bv degrees
mixed with it elTential oil of wormwood,
over with water in a limbeck.

49. To Draw eT)er.

I drati'n
Boyle cu Colours.

To perfuade to re-
volt ; to induce to change a party.

Sorr.e might be brought into his intererts by
money, ethers drawn omr by fear. Add. on the Wat.

One of differing fcntiments would have drawn
Lurlier cwr to his party, Aiterhury.

50. 7 D D R A w out. To protraa ; to lengthen.

He mult not only die the death.
Bat tl.y unlcindiicl's fliall his death draw out
To ling'ring I'uflerance. Shak. Meaf.for Meafure.

51. To Draw out. To beat out, as is done
to hot iron.

Batter

After this combat, o'er the cot\^wt'itaMa. Waller.

From the fofi affaults of love "

Poets and painters never arc fccurc ;

Can I untouch'd, the fair one's nalTions move,
Or thiu draw beauty, and net feel its pow'r ' Prior.

40. To form a reprefentativc image.

The emperor one day took op a pencil which f i;
from the hand o< Titian, who was tlwi drawir:g
his pifture ; and, upon the compliment wliich Ti-
tian made him on that occafion, he faid, Titian de-
ferve! to be fcrved by Carfar. Drydeti

41. To Draw ;//. To contraft ; to pull
back.

Now, fpoftinginafe,^nn(;wlhefIowing reins ;
Leave 'he ckar ftreams awhile for funny plains. Cay.

42. To Draw in. To inveigle; to entice.

Have they invenied tones ti> win
The w«nitn» and nlakc tUtm draw in
i

r a piece of iron our, or, as workmen call it,

dra^v iisur, till it comes to its bicidth. Afo.X!.n.

Virgil has drawn out the lulcs of tillage and

planting into two books, which Hefiod has dif-

patched in half a one. Mdi/on.

52. -ra D R A w oitt. To e.vtraft ; to pump
out by infinuation.

Philoclea found her, and, to draw out more, '
faid lie, I have often wonJcicd how fuch excel.
ler.cies could be. Sidney.

SI- To Draw out. To induce by motive. '

Wherea. it is concluded, that the retaining di-
veifc things in the church of England, which other
reformed churches have cart out, murt needs arnuo
that we do not well, unlels we can (hew that they
have done ill ; What needed this wrelt to draw out ■
from u^ an accufation of foreign churches ? liookir.

54. To Draw out. To call to aftion ; to
detach for fervice ; to ran'^e.

Draw out .t file, pick man by man,
Such who dare die, and dear will fell their death.

»i /• 1 • Dryden, ■

Next of his men and /liips he makes review.
Draws out the bell and .iblelt of the crew. Dr. yK»,

5 J. To range in battle.

Let him delJre his luperior ofSccr, that, the next
time he is drawn out, the challenger may be pofled
near him. Colli-

56. To Draw up. To form in order of
battle.

So Muley-Zcydan found us
Drawn up in battle, to receive flie charge. Dryden.

57. To Draw b/. To form in writing ; to
compofe in a formulary manner.

To make a fltctch, or a more perfcft model of

apic-

D R A

t ptdure, Is, in the language of posts, to dra^v uf

tbe fccnciy of a play. Dr^fd^r..

A paper may be dra-viti i/f , anJ figncd by two or

three hundred principal gentlcinen. Swift.

To Draw. ^'. ».

1. To perforin the office of a bea() of
draught.

An heifer which hath not been wrought with,
tnd*hich hath noti/rawnin the yoke. Dtui.xx\. 3.

Think every bearded fellow, that 's but yok'd,
May draiu with you. Shaitfftare'i Othel/o.

2. To aft as a weight.

'i hey Ihould keep a watch upon the particular

bias in their Itiinds, that it may not draiv too much .

jiddifm't SptSaUr.

3. Tocontraift; to (hrink.

1 have not yet found certainly, that the water
itfelf, by mixture of aflies. or duft, will (brink or
dma into let's room. i^acm's Natural Wfioy-

4. To advance ; to move ; to make pro-
greffion any way.

Vou were, Jupiter, a fwan, for the love of Le-
da: Oh, omnipotent love! bow near the jjod rfrrw
to the cjmpienion of a goofe. Shukcfptare.

Draw yc near liither all the chief of the people.

I Sajjt.

He ended ; and th' archangel foon drew nijh,
Nit in hi3 Oiape celcftial, but as man
Chd to meet nun. Milton's Paradife LcJI.

They rerorned to the camp where the king was,
and the Scots drtia a little back to a more conve-
nient poft for their refiJence. Clanrdm.

Ambitious meteors I how willing they are to fet
themfclves upon the wing, taking every occafion
of drawing upward to the fun. Dryd. Don SetaJI.

Now nearer to the Stygian lake they draw.
Whom from the fliorc the furly boatman faw,
Obfcrv'd their paffage through the rtiady wood.
And mark'd their near approaches to the flood.Dr_>'.

And now I faintwith grief; my fate drawi ni^h,
In all the pride of blooming youth I die. Md. Ovid.

5. To draw together ; to be coUefted ; to
come together.

They mutter there, and round the centre fwarm,
And draw together in a globofc form. Bhckmcre.

i. To draw a fword.

For his fake
Did 1 expofc myfelf, pure; for his love
Drew to defend him, when he was befct. Shakeff.

7. To pradlife the art of delineation.

Si much infight into perfpeftive, and flcill in
drawing, at will enable him to reprefent tolerably
on paper any thing he fees, (hould be got. Loch.

t. To take a card out of the pack ; to
take a lot.

He Yi3s drawn a black, and fmiles. Dryden.

'9. To make a fore run by attraftion.
JO. To Draw oJ\ To retire; to retreat.

When the engagement proves unluckly, the way
is to draw off by degrees, and not to come to an
open rupture. Ccllier.

1 1 , Te D R A w a». To advance ; to approach.

The fatalday</r«w»on,whcnl mud tall. Dryd.

12, To Da AW up. To form troops into
regular order.

The lord Bernard, with the king's troops, feeing
there was no enemy left on that fide, driw up in a
large fieid oppofite to the bridge. Clarendon.

13, To Draw retains, through all its va-
rieties of ufe, feme (hade of its original
meaning, to full. It expreflcs an aftion,
gradual or continuous, and leifurely.
Thus <Me forge a fword by blows, but we
Jraw it by a continued line. We pour
liouor quick, but we draiu it in a con-
tinued *ream. Vfe force compliance by
threats, but we draw it by gradual pre-
valence. We turttt a letter with what-
ever hade, but we draw a bill with ilow
ftfupuloiity.

D R A

Draw. n.f. [from the verb.]

1. The ad of drawing.

2. The lot or chance drawn.

Dra'wback. n.f. [rtVrt'-u- and W/f.] Mo-
ney paid back for ready payment, or
any other reafon.

In poundage and drawbacks I lofe half my rent ;
Whatever they give me, I muft be content. Stvift.
Dra'wb RIDGE. >i.f. [dranv and iridge.'^
A bridge made to be lifted up, to hin-
der or admit communication at pleafure.

Half the buildings were raifod on the continent,
and the other half on an iOand, continued toge-
ther by a drawbridge. Carc^.v's Surveyof Cornwall.
Dra'wer. n.f. [from drww.']

1. One employed in^procuring water from
the well.

From the hewer of thy wood unto the drawer
of thy water. Deut. %%\x. is.

2. One whofe bulinefs is to draw liquors
from the cafk.

Stand in fame bye room, while I queftion my

puny dratver to what end he gave me tlie fuga--.

Shakejfeare's Heiry IV.

Let the drawirs be ready with wine and frc.'Ii

glalTcs;

Let the waiters ha^e eyes, though their tongu?s

mutt be lied. Bt^i yi^nfon's Tavern Acad.

A man of fire is a general ei;emy to all wai.er",

and makes the draivirs abroad, aitd hjs footman

at home, know he is not to be provoked. 'Tarler.

3. That which has the power of attradion.

Love is a ll.unc, and therefore we fiv be-iuty is
attraclive, becaufe phyficians obferve that lire is a
great drawer. Hwifi.

4. A box in a cafe, out of which it is
drawn at pleafure.

There may be other and different intelligent
beings, of whofe faeuKies he has as little know-
ledge, or apprehenfion, as a worm, (hut up in one
drawer of a cabinet, hath of the fenfes or undcr-
(liinding of a man. , Locke.

We will fuppofe the China dilhcs takea off,
and a drawer of medals fupplying their ro(;m.
« Addijcn on Medals.

5. [In the plural.] The lower part of a
man's drefs.

The Maltefe harden the bodies of their chil-
dren, by making them go (fark naked, without
ihirt or draivers, till they are ten years old. Locke.
Dra'wing. n.f. [from d'ratt;.] Delinea-
tion ; rcprefentation.

They random drawings from your (heets (hall take.
And of one beauty many blunders make. Pofe.

Dra'wing ROOM. n.f. [from drenu and
room."]

1. The room in which company allcmbles
at court.

What )Ou heard of the words fpoken of you
in the drawingrcom wis not true : the fayings of
princes ate generally as ill related as the fayings of
wits. Pope.

2. The company affembled there.
Drawn, [participle from dra^v.^

An army was drawn together of near fir thou-
fand horfe. Clarendon.

So lofty was the pile, a Parthian bow.
With vigour drawn, muft put the ihaft below.

Drydett's Fables.

1 . Equal ; where each party takes his own
ftake.

If we make a drawn game of it, or procure
but moderate advantages, every Britilh heart muft
tremble. Addijon.

2. With a fword drawn.

What, act thou drawn among thofe heartlefs
hi.ids ? Sbakejpeare.

3. Open ; put afide, or unclofed.

A curtain dcawn prefented to our view
A town befieg'd. Dryden'i Tyrannic Lave

D R E

4. Evifcerated.

There is no more faith in thee thin in a ttoned
prune ; no more truth in thee than in a drawn
fox. Sbaie/peart.

5. Induced as from fome motive.

The Iri(h will better be drawn to 'the Englilh,
than the Englilh to the Irilh government.

Spenfer on It-eland.
As this friendfhip was dratvn together by fear
on both (ides, fo it was not like to be more durable
than was the fear. Hayxvard.

Dra'wwell. tt.f. [dratu and ivelf.] A
deep well ; a well out of which water is
drawn by a long cord.

The firii conceit, tending to a watch, was a
drawzvell: th: people of old were wont only to
let down a pitcher with a handcord, for as much .
water as they could ea(ily pull up. Grrw.

To Drawl, •v. k. [from draiv.'] To utter
any thing in a flow, driveling way.

Then mount the clerks, and in one lizy tone
Through the long heavy page drawl on. Pope.

DRAY. I „.f [bjtaj. Sax.] The

DRA'YCART. I car on which beer is
carried.

Let him be brought into the (ield of eleflioJi

upon his drajcart, and i will meet him there in a

triumphant chariot. Addifon.

When drays bound high, then never crof^ behind,

Where bubbling yeft is blown by guftsxjf wind.

Gay,
Dra'y HORSE, n.f. [dray inA horfe,] A
horfe which draws a dray.

'1 his truth is illuilrated by a difcnurfe on tile
nature of the e'xphant ind the drayhof. Taller.
D R a'v man. n. f. [dray and matt.] Oac
, tha: attends a dray or cart.

A brace of draymen bid God fpeed him well.
And had the tribute of his fupplc knee. Sbatefp.
Have not coblers, draymen, and mechanicks
governed as well as preached > Nay, have not they
by preaching come to govern ? South.

Dra'yplough. n.f. [dray i^nA ploirgh.]
A plough of a particular kind.

The drayflougb i%jist bed plough in winter for
miry clays. Mortimers Hujbandry,

Dra'zel. n.f. [perhaps corrupted from
droffel, the fcum or drofs of human na-
ture ; or from drofleffe, French, a whore.]
A low, mean, worthlefs wretch.

As !he devil ufes witches.
To be their cully fo: a fpace.
That, when the time 's expir'd, the draxeh
For ever may become his valfals. HudibrO,

DREAD, n.f [bpab, Saxon.]

1. Fear; terrour ; affright; horrour ei-
ther felt or impreffed.

Think'IV thou that duty (hail have dread to
fpeak.
When pow'r to flatt'ry bows ? To plainne.'s honoor
Is bound, when majefty to folly falls.

Sbakcfpeare's King Lear. ■

Let not thy dread make me afraid. yob.

Was ever any wicked man free from the (lings
of a guilty confciencc, from the fccret dread of
divine difpleafure, and of the vengeance of another
world ? Tillctfin.

If our fears can be awakened with the dreed of
evil, he has armed his laws with the terrour of
eternal mifcry. Rogers.

2. Habitual fear ; awe.

The fear of you, and the dread of you, (hall
b- upon every bread of the earth. Ocn. ix. 2.

3. The perfon or thing feared; the caufe
of fear.

Let him be your dread. Ifaiab*

To thee, of all our good the facred fpring;
To the:, out dearcft ^rr«if; to thee, our fofier
king. Prior.

Dread, adj. [bpseb, Saxon.]
I. Terrible; frightful.

That

D R E

That e'er this tongue of mifte.
That laid the fentence of dread bani/bnient
Oh yond' proud man, fiiould Cake it off again
With wcrds of footh ! Siake/feen't Richard II,

It cannot be, but tho haft niurthcr'd him :
So ihauld a murtherrr look, fo dread, fn grim.

Sbakeffeare,
To be vcpos'd againft the warring winds ',
To ftand againft the deep dread bohed thunder.

^hakejpcjre,
Terrour feiz'd the rebel hoft,
When, coming tiwards them; fo dread they fa.v
The b'^ttom of the muuntains upward turn'c . Milt,
«. Awful; venerable in the higheft degree.
Th'ju, attended glorioufly from hcav'n,
Shalt in the Iky appear, and from thee fend
The fjmmoning archangels to proclaim
Thy dread tribunal. Mdton'i Paradife L'Ji.

From this defccnt
Celeftial virtues ri£ng, will appear
More gloiious and more drtod than from no fall.

This feeras to be the meaning of that
controverted f\iXi{^, dread majejiy. Some
of the old afts of parliament are faid
in the preface to be metueadijftmi ngis,
our dread fovereign's.
STa Dread, -v. a. [from the noun.] To
fear in an exceffive d^ree.

) You may defpife that which terrifiei others,

and which yet all, even thofe who moft dread it,
muft in a little time encounter. Waii.

7o D K E A D . <!/. a. To be in fear.

Dread not, ncjiher be afraid of tliem. Deut. i. 8.

Dre'ader. »./ [from </«<i</.] One that
lirci in fear.

I have fufpended much of mjr pity towards the
grcac dreaders of popery. S-wifc,

Dre'adful. adj. [dread znd/u/!.']
I. Terrible; frightful; formidable.
The rigid interdiction which refounds
Vet dreadful in mine ear. M'.lton.

The ftiil night,
Accompanied with d»mp« and dreadful %\aom.

Milieu,
Thy lore, Bill arm'd with f»t«,
I» dreadful as thy hate. Granville.

i. Awful ; venerable.

How dreadful is this place ! Genets.

Dre'adfulness. )i. /. [from drtad/u/.]
Terriblenefs ; frightful nel's.

It may juftly fer\e for matter of extreme ter-
rour to the wicked, whether they regard thcdread-
fulre/t of the day in which they Ihall be tried, or
the quality of the judge by whom they are 1 1 be
tried. HaieTrill en Prenidenre.

Dre'ad FULLY, ad-v. [ from itrtadful. ]
Terribly ; frightfully.

Not iharp revenge, nor bell itfclf, can find
A fiercer torment than a guilty mind,
Which day and night doth dreadfully accufe.
Condemns the wretch, and ftiil the charge renews.
, lirydtn.

Dre aoless. adj. [from drtad.'\ Fear-
le& ; unaffrighted ; intrepid ; un&aken ;
undaanted ; free from terrour.

Dreadleji, faid he, that (hall I fion declare;
It was compJain'd, that thou hadft done great tort
Unto an aged woman. Fairy 0ueen.

All n'ght the dreadltft angel, unporfued,
Through hcav'n'j wide champaign heid hit way.
^ Mdun.

Dre adlesswess. n. f. [from dreadle/i.]
Fearleffnefs ; intrepidity ; undauntcd-
refs.

Zflmane, to whom danger then was a eaufe of
iretdljfitjs, all the ompifttion of htr elements
being nothing but fiery, with fwifmefi of iiUire
croiTed him. Suiney.

DREAM, n. f. [droDm. Dutch. This
•rord is tferivcd by Meric Ca/aubon, with
Vol. J.

DRE

more ingenuity than truth, from i^&na,
T» Q'm, the comedy of life ; dreams being,
as plays are, a reprefentation of feme-
thing which does not really happen.
This conceit Junius' has enlarged by
quoting an epigram :

£«1*i/ 'uiet<i 0 (S,'^ xj 'OTXiyvicv ri /xa3i erai-

TuF ffiruar.t /x'TaSsr?, ? ^{pt rif oJi.»a<.

^riti:!.]

. A phantafm of Heep ; the thoughts of
a fleeping man.

\Ve ejt our meat in fear, and deep
In the affliction of thofe terrible dreams
That /hllfc us nightiy. Shahejpeare's Macbeth.

In dreams they fearful precip.cc's crcad ;
Or, Ihipwreck'd, labour to fouie djiiant Jhore.

Dry den.
Glorious dreams ffand ready to reflore
Th; pltjfing (hipss of all you law before. Drydcn.

. An idle fancy; a wild conceit; a
groundlefs fufpicion.

Let him keep
A hundred knights; yes, that on ev'ry dream.
Each bua, each fancy, each compUinr, dillike,
Ke m^y eoguard his dotage. Sbaieff. K. Lear.

DRE

dreaine

To Dream, -v. n. prefer

dreamt, [from the noun.]
I. To have the reprefentation of fome-

thing in ficep.

Dreaming is the having of ideas, whilft the
outward fenfcs are ftopped, not fuggeiled by any
eitcrnal objefls, or known occaCon, nor under
the rule or condufl of the underftanding. L(xte.

I dreamed that I was conveyed ii.to a wide and
boundlcfs plain. Taller.

2. It has e/" before the noun.

I have long dream'd o/fuch a kind of man.
But, being awake, I do defpife my dream. Shak.

1 have nightly lince
/Jrrjmf »/■ encounters 'twixt thyfelfand me:
V/e have been down together in my fleep,
Unbuckling helms, fifting each other's throat,
And wakd halfdead with nothing. Shak. Coriol.

}. To think ; to imagine.

Thefe boys know little they are fons to th' king,
Nor Cymbelinci/rrawi that they are alive. iibat.

He never dreamed of the deluge, nor thought
that firft orb more than a tranfient cruft.

„ ,. Burnet's 7beciy,

He little dream'd how nigh he was to care.
Till treach'rous fortune caught him in the fnare.
Mn .... Dtyden.

. To think idly. ^

They dream on in a conftant toarft of reading,
but 1,0: digeftng. i„,,.

1 began to dream of nothing left thin the im-
mortality of my wvrk. Smith.

5. To be fluggifli ; to idle.

Why does Anthony dream out his hours.
And tempts not fortune for a noble day ? Dryden,

7oD9.^^u,'v. a. To fee in a dream.

The Maccdon, by Jove's decree, '

Was taught to dream in herb for Ptolemy. Dryd.

At length in fleep their bodies theycompife,
And dreamt the future fight, and early rofe. Dryd.
Dre'amer. /J./ [from a'r.'aOT.]
I . One who has dreams ; one who has fan-
cies in his fleep.

Tii!^ vifion faiJ, and vanilh'd from his fight;
Th:dt earner wskcn'd in a mortal fright. Dryden.
Jr our dreamer pleafcs to try whether the glow-
ing heat of a jjlafj furnace be barely a wandering
irnaginaticn ia a drowfy man's fancy, by putting
his head into it, he may perhaps be wakened into

z. An idle fanciful man; a vifionary.

Somcc-mc he angers me
With telling of the moldwarp and the ant,
Ol dreamir Merlin, sM iiit profhccies. Siiakff.

. A mope ; a man loft in wild imagina-
tion ; a reveur.

The man of fenfe his meat devours.
But only fmells the peel and flow'rs ;
And he muft be an idle dreamer.
Who leave* the pie and gnaws the ftreamer. Prior,
4. A fluggard : an idler.
DsE'AMLESs.iji^'. [{romdream.^ Without
dreams.

The favages of Mount Atlas, in Barb.iry, were
reported to be both nan^elefs and dreamleju

Camden's Remains,

Drear, ff.y. Dread; terrour.

The ill-fac'd owl, death's diejtiful mefTenger;
The hoarle night raven, trump of doleful dr^ar.

Drear, adj. [bitet^ij, Saxon, dreary. j
Mournful; difmal ; forrowful.
In urns and altars round,
A drear and' dying found
Affrights the ilamens at their fervice quaint.
_- , Altlton,

Dre arihead. n. f. [from dreary.] Hor-
rour ; difmalnefs : a word now no long-
er in ufe.

That fnonly from the (hape of womanhed,
Such as Jhe was when I'aUas Ihc attempted.
She grew to hide^ius ihapc of drearibend.
Pined wjth grief of foliy ,ate repented. Sftnfer,

Dre'ariment. ft./, [hom dreary.]
I. Sorrow; difraalnefs; melancholy.
1 teach the woods and waters to lament
Vour doleful dr.ariment. Spenf,.,-s Efiibaltmium.

z. Horrour ; dread ; terrour. This word
is now obfolete.

Almighty Jove, in wrathful mood.
To wreak the guilt of mortal fins is bent;

Hurls forth his thundering dait with deadly
feud, '

InroU'd in flames and fmoaldring drearime^t.

DRE'ARY. adj. [bneonij. Saxon'.] ^"''
I- Sorrowful; dillrefsful.

The mcU'enger of death, the ghaftly owl.
With dreary Ihrieks did alfo yell ;
And hungry wolves continually did howl
At her abhorred face, fo horrid and fo foul.
_,, fairy &ueen»

2. Gloomy ; difmal ; horrid.

Obfcure they went through dreary Ihadct, that
led
Alnrg the vaft dominlonj of the dead. Drydin.
TaviTxi, forelis, her><S, and men promilcu.;ui
drown'd.
With one great death deform t!b.t dreary ground.
T-ii. 1 . /. Prier.

3. This word is fcarccly ufed but in poe-
tical didlion.

DREDGE. ». /. [To dret<h, in Chattcev,
IS to delay ; perhaps a net fo often
flopped may be called from this.] A
kind of net.

for oyfteis they have a peculiar dredge; a
thick, ftrong net, faftened to thix:e fpillj of iron,
and drawn at the boat's Item, gathering wliatlo-
ever It mecteth lying in the bottom. Ciereiu.

7c Dredge. <!;.«. [from the noun.] To
gather with a dredge.

Tl,c oyfters dredged in the Lyne find a welcome

acceptance. Careti.

Dre'dcer. n.f, [from dredge.] One who

fifties with a dredge.
Dre'cginess. n.f. [from dreggy.] Ful.
nefs of drjgs or lees; foulnefs; muddi-
nefs ; feculence.
Dre'ggish. adj. [from dreg:.] Foul with
lees ; feculent.

To give a ftrong tafte to this dreggip li(juor,
they fling ill an inciedibie deal of broom or hops,
4 £ wheieby

D R E

whereby fm»ll bter i( tendered equal in mrfchief
to flrong. Harviy en Conjumftkri.

Dre'ogv. adj. [from drtgs.] Containing
dregs ; confifting of dregs ; muddy ;
feculent.

Thefe num'touj veins, fuch is the curious frame,
Receive the pure infinuating ftream j
. Bui no corrupt or dregp parts admit.
To form the blood or fted the limbs unfit.

Ripe grapes being moderately prclTcd, their juice
may, without much Jrcggy matter, be fqufezsd

out. ^ ^^-y'f-

DREGS. «./. [bpepen, Saxon ; dreggi-
an, Iflandick.]

1. The fediment of liquors; the lees; the

grounds ; the feculence.

Fain would we make liim author of the wine.
If for the diegi we could tome other blame. De-uiti.

They often tread dciltuaion's hoi rid path,
And drink thicrfrf^s of therevengcr'swiath.SaiK/yj.

We from the drep of life think to receive
What the /ir!l fptightly running could not give.

Dryder.

Such run on ppets h> i raging vein,
■ Ev'n to the dreg' and Fqaeezings of the bram.

PofC'

2. Any thing by which purity is corrupted.

The king by this journey purged a littl: the
iJ«£. and leaven of the northern people, that

• were hefore in no gooJ affVftions towaids him.

Becon,

3. Drofs; fweepings; refufe.

Heav'n-s f=*ou. itc thou, for better fates defign d
Than we, tbeJngt and rubbifli of mankind. Dryd.

What diffidence we muft be under whether
God will regard our facrifice, when we have no-
thing to oft'er him but the dngs and refufe of lite,
the days of loathing and fatiety, and the years in
which we have no pleafure. Kcgtn.

roDREiN.f.B. [See Drain.] Toeinp-
ty. The fame with drain : fpelt differ-
ently perhaps by chance.

She is the iluice of her lady's fecrets: 'tis but
fettmg her mill a going, and I can drtm her of
them all. ^ ,. ., ^""S"'^'

•Tis drein-d and emptied of its poifon now;
A cordial draught. Sou,h'r.

fo DRENCH, -v. a. [bpencan, Saxon.J

1. To wa(h ; to foak ; to fteep.

Our garments being as they were dref<cbtd m

the fea, hold notwithiianding their frelhnefs and

•glofies. ., Shah^can,

• To-day deep thoughts learn with me to d>;-mb

In mirth, that after no repenting draws. Mtlten.

Now dam the ditches, and the floods reftrain;
Their moifture has already drinch'd the plain.

Dryden.

2. To faturate with drink or moifture : in
an ill fenfe.

In fwinirti fleep
ThM drenched Bitatti lie, 33 \n »ieith.
■ Shakiffare' s Machetk,

Too oft, alas! has mutual hatred lirewA'i
Our fwords in native blood. l-bilif!.

%. -To p'hyfick by violence.

If any of your cattle are ii.fertcd, fjecdily let
both fick and well blood, ini drench thefti.

Mirl-mer t Hujbandry.

Drench, n.f. [from the verb.]

• 1. A draught; afwill: by way of abhor-

rence or contempt.

Let fuch bethink them, if the (Icepy drcncb
Of that forgetful lake benumb not ftiU,
Thatin our proper motion we a.'i:end. MtUim.

a.*Phyfickforabrute.

A drtiftb is a potion or drink prepared for a fick
horfc and^ompofed of fevtral drugs ui a liquid
1 J/ ■ Farriir s Diet.

"Harry, faya (he, how many haft thou kill'd to-
day? Oi« my roan ht-rf=.6Wi., fays ly; and
aJwrs. fourteen, an hour aTtet. Aiai. Hen. IV.

D R E

A Jrttieb of wine has with fuccefs httn us'd.
And through a horn the gen'rous juice infus'd.

Dryden.

3. Phyfick that muft be given by violence.

Their counfels are more like a drcncb that muft
be poured down, than a draught which muft be
leifurely drank if 1 liked it. King Cbarlet.

4. A channel of water.
Dre'ncher.»./ [from drench.]

1. One that dips or fteeps any thing.

2. One that gives phyfick by force. DL1.
Drent. fariiciple. Probably corrupted

from drenched, to make a proverbial
rhyme to brent, or burnt.

What flames, quoth he, when I the prefcnt fee
In daneer rather to be drent than brent ? Fairy ^
To DRESS, v. a. {dreffer, French.]
I. To clothe ; to invert with clothes.
The firil rcqueft
He made, was, like his brothers to be drefCd;
7\nd, as his birth requir'd, above the reft. Dryd-

z. To clothe pompoufly or elegantly. It
is ufed with up and out to enforce it.

Look upon pleafures not upon that fide that is
next the fun, or where they look beauteoully ;
that is, as they come towards you to be enjoyed ;
for then they pjint and fmile, and drch themfelv^s
up in tinfel, and glafs gems, and counterfeit ima-
gery. ^. '^'y^'"-

Few admir'd the native red and white.
Till poets drefsd them up to charm the fight.

^ •' ^ Dryden.

LoUia Paulina wore, in Jewels, when dreffe'dcut,
the value of three hur>dred twenty-two thoufand
nine hundred and fixteen pounds thirteen (hillings
and four-pence. , f_'-^thn,t.

3. To adorn; to deck ; to embelhlh ; to
furnifh.

Where was a fine room in the middle of tl.e
houfe, handfomely drejfed uf, for the commiflion-
ers to fit in. CUrendon.

Skill is ufcd in drejing up power with all xht
fplendour ahfolutenefs can add to it. Lochc.

The mind lofes its natural tclifli of real truth,
and is reconciled infenftbly to any thing that can
be drrpduf into any faint appearance of it. Loch.

4. To cover a wound with medicaments.

Jn time of my ficknefs another chirurgcon drtffcd
her. Wifeman.

5. To curry ; to rub; a term of the ftable.

Our infirmities are fo many, that we a-! forced
to drcft and tend horfcs and aflcs, that they may
help our needs. 7aylir.

Three hundred horfes, in high ftables fed.
Stood ready, fiiining all, and fmooihly drefi'd.

Dryden i Mncid.

6. To break'or teacK a horfe : a term of
horfemanftiip.

A fteed
Well mouth'd well manag'd, which himfelf did

''"/' ' r.

His aid in war, his ornament in peace. Dryden.

7. To reftify; to adjurt.

Adam ! well may we labour ftill to drift
This garden ; ftUl to ten* plant, herb, and llow'r.

Milton.
V.'ell muft the ground be digg'd, and better
drefi'd.
New foil to make, and meliorate the reft. Dryd.

8. To prepare for any purpofe.

In Orkney they drrfi their leather with roots of
tormentil, inftead of bark. Mnrlimeri Hup>.miry.

9. To trim ; to fit any thing for ready ufe.
When he drtjjiib the lamps he (hall burn in-

ccnfe. Excd. xxx.

When you </r«/j your young hops, cut away roots

or fprigs. Marlimrr's Hu/hnndry.

10. To prepare viftuals for the tabl?.

Thus the voluptuous youth, bred up to drrfi
For Ijis fat grandfire fome delicious mefs.
In feeding bigh his tutor will furpafs.
An heir appaienl of the gourmand race. Dryden

D R I

Dress. «./ [from the verb.]

1. Clothes; garment; habit.
Drtflet laughed at in our forefathers wardrobes

or piiSures, when, by the circulation of time >ni
vanity they are brought about, we think becom-
ing. Government ef tbe Tongut
A robe obfcene was o'er his flnulders thrown,
A dreft by fates and furies worn alone.

' Pope's Stdtwi,

2. Splendid clothes ; habit of cere.mony.

Full dreft creates dignity, augments confciouf.
ncfs, and keeps at diftance an encroacher. Clerj/fa.

3. The (kill of adjufting drefs.

Themenof pleafure, i/rf/j, and gallantry. Pipe.

Dre'sser. ft./, [[torn dre/s.]
I . One employed in putting on the clothes
and adorning the perfon of another.

She hurries a'l her hand-maids to the talk;
Her head alone will twenty drejen afk.

Dryden^s yuvenaJ.

t. One employed in regulating, trim-
ming, oV adjufting any thing.

Said he unto the dreffer of his vineyard, Behold,
thefe three years I come feeking fruit on this fig-
tree, and find none. Luke.

3. The bench in a kitchen on which meat
is dreft or prepared for the table.

'Tis burnt, and io is all the meat :
What dogs arc thefe f Where is the rafcal cook ?
How durft you, villains? bring it from the drrfflr.
And fervc it thus to me that love it not ? ShaK

A maple dre/Tcr in her hall (he had.
On which full many a (lender meal the made.

Dryden.

When you take down difties, tip a dozen upon

the dreffer, Stvrfr's DirePioni to the Cook.

Dre'ssing. a. f. [from drefs.\ The ap-
plication made to a fore.

The fccond day after we took oflT the dreffwgSy
and found an efchar made by the cathcretick.

fp^ifeman en 'Tumours.

Dre'ssino-room. n. / [dre/s and room."]
The room in which clothes are put on.

Latin books might be found every day in his
dnffia^-room, if it were cjrefuily fearchcd. Swift,
Drest-. part, [from dreft.] <

In flow'ry wreaths the royal virgin drifi
His bending horns, and kindly clapt his breaft.

./Iddifon.

To Drib. T. a. [contraifled from dribble.]
To crop ; to cut oft"; to defalcate. A
cant word.

Merch.ints gains come fhort of half the mart;
For he who drives their bargains driis a part.

Dryden.

To DRI'BBLE. 'V. n. [This word feems
to have come from drop by fucceffive al-
terations, fuch as are ufual in living
languages: drop, drip, dripple, dribble,
from thence dri-vel and dri'veller. Drip
may indeed be the original word, from
the Danilh drypp.]

1. To fall in drops.
Semilunar proccfiis on the furfaee owe their

form to the dribbling of water that pafi'ed oyer ir.

Woodtvard on Fcfft:s,

A dribbling, difficulty, and a momentary fup-

pveflTim (if urine, miy be cajfcd by tbe ftone's

(hutting up the orifice of the blrdder.

/^rbulhmt CK jiliminls,

2. To fall weakly and flowly.

Believe not. that the dribbling dart of love
Can pierce a tiomplet- b>fom. Sbaiejpeare.

3. To flaver as a child or idiot. -
rs Dri'bble. i>. a. To throw down in

drops.

Let ihe cosk follow with a hdia full of foup,
ani drM'e it all the way up ftairs.

Swifl't Rk'cs to Ser:u:nti.

Dri'blet.

D R I

Dri'biet. n.f. [from driblle.1 A fmall
fum ; odd money in a fum.

_ Twelve long years of" exile borne,
Twice twelve we number'd fince his bieft return ;
So ftiidlly wert thou ji " to pay.
Even to the aribhUt of a djy. Dryder..

Dri'pr. »./ [from dry.'] That whicJi has
the quality of abforbing moillure ; a de-
ficcative.

There is a tale, that boiling «f daifv roots in
milk, which it is certain are great driers, will
make dogs little. Batrn

DRIFT, n.f. [from dri-vc.-]
I. Force impellent; impulle; overbear-
ing influence.

A man bting under the drift of any paffion,
will «i!l follow the, impulfe of it till fmech ng
interpofc, and, b) a ftiocger impulfe, turn him

another wav. «,.,-/,

... , • ocir.'i).

Z. Violence ; courfe.

The mighty trunk, half rent with rugged rife,

Doth roll adonn the rocks, and fall wiih fearful

3. Any thing driven at random.

So.-ne log, perhaps, upon the waters fwam.
An ufciefs drft, which rudely cut within,

And h llow-d, fi;ft a fl mating trough became.
And cr^s fome riv'lct paffage did bcjin. Dryden.

4. Any thing driven or bom along in a
body.

The reaoy racers (land ;
Swift as on wings of wind upborne they fly.
And drifts 01" riling duft involve the Iky.

» n ., Soft's Ojjjprj.

5. A llorm; a (hower. "^

■ ci. ^^' '*'"'"'-'■ (""^ the fouth

Sha'l rain their i/rj/i of bullets on tbis town.
^ A L ii Sbakffpeare.

b. A heap or ftratum of any mutter thrown
together by the wind : as, a fntnudrifi,
a deep body of fnovv.

7. Tendency or aim of aflion.

The part cular drf. of everj af>, proceeding
eternally from Cod, we are not able to dilce-n •
and therefore cannot always give the proper and
certain reafin of his works. tiixlirr

Their drift comes known, and they difcover'd

For fome, ot many, will be falfe of courfe. Dar.,,1

8. Scope of a difcourfe.

The main drft of his book being to prove,
that what is true is impoffible to be falfe, he op
pofe. nobody. 7-,;/^,/,_

I he driji of the pamphlet is to ftir up our com-
palfion towards the rebels. AdJifon

^ This, by the ftile, the manner, and the drift,
fwas thuught could be the work of none but
Swift. c ,-

To Drift, -v. a. [from the noun.]
I. To drive; to urge along.

■ Snow, no larjrr than fo many grains of fand,
drftid with the wind in clouds from every plain.

ry, . , Ellis's Vi-jOfC.

i. To throw together on heaps. Not au
thorifed.

He wanders on
From hlU to dale, ftill more and more adrav,
Jmpaticnt fljuncing through the dr,fiid heaps.

Thtmf;r>.

r» DRILL, -v. a. [drillfu, Dutch; ^iphan.

Sax. from 5u)i3h, through.]
I. To pierce any thing with a drill.

ThedriU.plate i. only a piece of flat iron, «,rd

upon a flat board, which iron hath an hole punched

a little way into it, to fet the blunt end o» the

fliank of the drill in, when you drill a hole.

• _ r '^''^'""'' '^^"'"'"ical Excrcifts.

2. To perforate ; to bore ; to pierce.

My body through and through he drilld

■ Ami Whacum by my fide lay klll'd. lludibras.

D R I

Tell, what could drill and perforate tf,e poles.
And to th' attraftive rays adapt their holes.
r-, Blacimori.

3. 10 make a hole.

When a hole is drilltd in a piece of metal, they
hold the drill-bow in their right hand ; but, when
they turn fmali work, they hold the driU-bow in
their left hand. Moxon.

4. To delay; to put off: in low phrafe ;
corrupted, I believe, from drawled.

She has bubbled him oat of his youth : Ihe
dnUrd him on to five-and-tifty, and Ihe will drop
him in his old age. A<iai-r,.

J. To draw from ilep to ftep. A low
phrafe.

When by fuch infinnaticns they hive once got
wit!iin him, and arc able to drill him oa li j.-ti one
lewJneff tj anoth.-r, by the fame arti they corrupt
and fquecje him. 5,^,^,_

6. To drain ; to draw flowly. This fenfe
wants better authority.

Driild through the fandy rtratum every way,
The waters with the Tandy ftratum rife. TUmfa,.

7. To form to arms ; to teach the military
exercife. An old cant word.

Tiw foe appeal "d drawn up and drill d, '

Ready to charge thtm in the field. mdiirus.

Drilj.. »./. [from the verb]

1. An inllrument with which holes are
bored. It is a point prefled hard againft
the thing bored, and turned round with
a bow and firing.

The wny of tempering fteel to make gravers,
drills, and mechanical inftruments, we have tauzht
artificers. , p.,,

Drills are ufed for the making fuch holei as
punches will not ferve for ; as a piece of work
th.t hath already its Ihape, and mull have an hole

2. An ape; a baboon.

Shall the difference of hair be a mark of a dif.
fercnt internal fpecifick conftitution between a
changeling and a drill, when they agree in fliape
and want of reafon ? Locke.

3. A fmall dribbling brook. This I have
found no where elle, and fufpect it Ihould
be ri/J.

Springs through the pleafant meadows pour their
drills.
Which fnake-like glide between the bordering
•"""• Sesndys.

To DRINK. 1: n. preter. Jrank, or drunk;
part. pair, drunk, or drunken, [bpincan,
Saxon.]
I. To fwallow liquors ; to quench thirft.

Here, between the armies.
Let •» drink together friendly, and embrace.

ei r 'J J ■ , Sbaitjfieare.

She raid, drmk, and I will give tliy camels diink

a fo i 10 I draitk, and ihe made tlie camels drink

He </««* of the wine. Cw. \x Zi

When delight is the only end, and reds in i'tfelf!
and dwells there long, then eating and dri„kinz is
not a frtving of God, but an inordinate aiition.

Taylor- s Rule of Living Ihly.

2. To feaft; to be entertained with li-
quors.

We tame to fight you For my part, I am

forry it 11 turned to a drwkm£.

Sbakfpcar,-s ylnltny and Cleofatrd.

3. To drink to excefs ; to be an habitual
drunkard. A colloquial phrafe.

4. To Dri UK to. To falute in drinking ;
to invite to drink by drinking firft.

I take yuur princely word for thole redreffes.
—I gave it you, and will maintain my word ;
And ihsrcupon 1 drinl unto your grace. Sbukfjf.

D R 1

J . To D R I N K /«. To wilh well to in the
aft of taking the cup.

Give me fome wine; fill full :
I drink to th" general joy of the whole table.
And to our dear friend Banquo, whom we mifi,

T.n 7 • . Sbakefpeare.

1 11 drmk to mailer Bardolph, and to all the ca.
valeroes about London. Shakeffeart.

7^ Dr INK. 1'. a.

1. To fwallow : applied to liquids.

He had eaten no bread, nor drunk any water.

three days and three nights. i Sam. xxx. ii.

We have drunken our water for money.

Lam. V. ^

2. To fuck up ; to abfcrb.

Set rows of rofcmary with f.ow'ring ftem.
And let the purple violets drii:k the ftream.

D n. ■ , . . Dryden.

Kiufh not thy fwceping (kirt too near the wall •

Thy heedlefs flecve will drM the colour'd oil. '

n, . . '^':!-

3.10 take m by any inlet; to hear ; to
fee.

My ears Imve yet not drvnk a hundred words
Of that tongue's uttering, yet 1 know the found.

Sbakefpeare.
Thither write, my queen j
And with mine eyes Til drmk the words you fend,
1 hough ink be made of gall. Shakefl,. CymbeVme.

hcmius ! let a«s of gods, and heroes old.
What ancient ba.ds in hall and bow'r have told,
Attjit>per'd to the lyre, your voice employ 2
Such the pleas'd ear will drink with filent joy.

T I . , . ,. . Pope.

1 drmk delicious poifon from thy eye. Pope.

4. To ail upon by drinking.
Come, we have a hot vcnifon pjfty to dinner-

come, gentlemen, I hope we Ihall drink down ali
unkindnefs. ^ Shakcjheari.

He w.U drown li.s health and his ftrcngth in h^s
belly i and, after all his drunken trophies, atlcnetk
drink down himfelf too. South,

5. To make drunk.
Beiihadad was drinking himfelf A^ni in the pa.

vilions. , IT-

6. It is ufed with the intenfive particles
of, up, and in. Off, to note a fingle aft
of drinking.

One man gives another 3 cup of poifon, a thinir
as terrible as death ; but at the fame time he tel «
h.m that It IS a cordial, and fo he drinks it off, an4 '
TT , . Soutb.

7. up, to note that the whole is drunk.

Alexander, after he had drank up a cup of four-
teen pints, was going to take jnother
or. f , r ^ yirbu/inot on Coin.

H. Ill, to enforce the fenfe : ufually of in-
animate things.

The b.dy being reduced nearer unto the earth
and emptied, becomcth more porous, and grecily
dr,nkeih ,n KMcr. Br,.wn, Tulgar Erroars

Drink, n.f. [from the verb.]

1. Liquor to be fwallowed; oppofed to
meat.

When God made choice to rear

His mighty cham.nion, ftrong above compare,

Whofe drink Wis only from the liquid brook !

. T • c . , ■ . Milton,

2. Liquor of any particular kind.

We will give you rare and (lecpy drinks.

Tu ■ ■ rr ■ *"'*''*'//>"»•''« mnter's Tale.

1 he juices of fmin arc either watery or oily •
I reckon .imong the watery all the fruits out of
which drwk IS exprcffed, as the grape, the apple,
and the pear. ti

O madnef., to think life of ftrongeft wines.
And ftrongcft drinks, our chief fupport of health !

Thefe, when th' allotted orb of time 's complete,'
Are more commended than the labuur'd drink.

. Pbilips,
4 * • AmoBgib

D R I

Amongft drMs, aufterc wiiift »re apt to oco»-
fi .n t'.ul eruptions. Aibuihntt m j^lim(nii.

Drink-money. »./. [Jrini and moaey.]
Money given to buy liquor.

Ptg'i fcrvincs were always alkinx for Jriiti-
muuy. jiriuihnit.

Dri'nkablb. aJJ. [from liriai.] Pota-
ble ; fuch as may be drank.

Dri'nker. ». yi [fronnJii/iL'] One that
drinks to excefs ; a drunkard.

It were good for thcfc that have moift brains,
and are great drinken, t) take fume of lignum,
aloes, rofcmaty, and frankincenfc, about the full
of the moon. Bacon.

The drinker and debauched pcrfon is the objcft
of fcorn and contempt. Souih,

The urine of hard Jriitkers affords a liquor ei-

trsmely fetid, but no inflammable fpirit: what is

Snflammible flays in the blood, and affcds the

brain. Great dr'mktn commonly die apopleaiclt-

ytrbutbni^t cti j^limcrtt.

To DRIP. V. n. [drifpen, Dutch.]

1. To fall in drop?.

2. To have drops falling frora it.

The foil, with fatt'ning moillurc fill'd,
li cloat!i'd with gr ifs, and fruitful to be tiU'dj
Such as in fruitful vales we view from high,
Which driff'iKg rocks, not rowling ftreams, fupply.

Drydert'
The fined fparks, and cleaned beaux,
Drif) from the (boulders to the toes. Frier.

To Da. IP. 'V. a.

I. To let fall in drops.

Her flood of tears
Seem like the lofty barn of fome rich fwain,
Which from the thatch dripi faft a fliow'r of rain.

Stv-ft

». To drop fat in roafting.

Let what was put into bis bel!y, and what he
Jrifs, be his fauce. ^a/«»'i ^nf'cr.

His cffer'd entrails Ihall his crime reproach.
And drip their fatnefs from the hazle broach.

Drydens Virgil.

Dr IP. » / [from the verb.] That which

falls In drops.
Water may be procured for neccfTary occafions

from tiie heavens, by prefcrving the dii;>i of the

houfes. Mortimer-

Dr.i'ppinc. n. f. [ham drip."] The fat

which houfewives gather from road meat.

Shev« all hf-r fecreis of hnufekceping ;
For candles how (he trucks her dripping. Sivi/r-
Dri'ppingpan. n. /. [drip, and pan.']
The pan in which the fat of roaft meat
b caught.

When the cook turns her back, throw fmoaking
coals into the diijifUfpan. .Siuift

Dri'pple, adj. [from drip.] This word
it ufed fomewhere by Fair/ax for weak,
or rare ;■ dripfiUyhot.

To DRIVE, v. a. preterite dro-ve, anci-
ently drove ; part pafl". driven, or drove,
[dreilian, Gothick ; bpipan, Saxon;
dryven, Dutch.]

1. To produce motion in any thing by vio-
lence : as, the hammer drives the nail.

2. To force along by impetuous preflore.

He builds a bridge, who neyer</r»ti<a pile. Pofe.
On helmets helmets throng.
Shield prefa'J on ftiirld, and man drmumin al-ng.

Pope.

3. To expel by force from any place :
with from.

Driven frem his native land to foreign grounds,
Jle with a gen'rous rage refent» his wounds.

Dryden't yirgj.
His ignominious n'jbt the viflors D)a(l,
Beaux l»>3i(h bcaux, and fwordkiwts fwordknots
tbivt, fppe.

D R I

4.. To fend \>y force to ajiy place : with to.

Time dri:iet the flicks from field to fold.
When rivers rage and rocks grow cold. Sbakefp.

Fate has driveg 'cm all
/«« the net. Drydcni Dai Seiaftian.

5. To chafe ; to hunt.

To Jrivt the deer with hound and horn

Earl Percy took his way. Chevy Chafe,

6. To force or urge in any direftion.

He flood and mcafured the eatthi he '>ehel'i>
and drove afunder the nations. Hai. iii. 6.

7. To impel to greater fpeed.

8. To guide and regulate a carriaje.

He took off their chariot wheels, that they
rfrwf them heavily. £x. xiv. 25.

9. To convey animals ; to make animals
march along under guidance.

Thrrc find a herd of heifers, wand'ring o'er
The reiglib'ring hill, and drive 'em to the (hire.

j4drfifcfl.

10. To clear any place by forcing away
what is in it.

We come not with defign of wafteful prey.
To drive the country, force the fvvains away. Dryd.

11. To force; to compel.

For the metre fake, fome words in him fometirr.e
berfrk-CT! awry, which requ]re ftraighter placing in
plain profe. .eifiham.

I J. To hurry on inconfiderately.

Moi^ mifcrable if fuch unfkilfulnefs.make them
dri : t on their time by the periods of fin and de ith.

Taylor.

H», driven to difmount, threatened, if I did not
the like, to do as much for my horfe as fortune had
done for his. Sidney.

The Romans did not think that tyranny was
thoroughly extinguilhed, till they had driven one of
their confuls to depart the city, againft whom they
found not in the wirld what to objeft, faving only
that his name was Tarquin. Hooker.

He was drivn by the neceiTities of iime5, more
than led by his own difpnfition, to rigour. K. Cha.

13. To diflrefs ; to ftraighten.

This kind of I'pccch is in the manner of defpe-
rate men far driven. Spenfirs Stale of Ireland.

14. To urge by violence, not kindnefs.

He taught the gnfpel rather than the law.
And forc'd himfelf to drive, but l»v'd to driw.

Dryden.

15. To impel by influence of paffion.

Idmvemi fuitor ftom his mad humour of

love

to a living humour of madnefs. Shak.jlitoulikeit.

Difcontents druve men into Hidings. K.Cber/es,

Lord Cottington, being mailcrof temper, and of

the moft piofound diliimulation, knew 'too well

h.iw to lead him into a miftake, and then drive him

int<) cholsr. Clarendon.

It is better to marry than to born, fays St. Paul;

where we may fee what drives men into a conjugal

life; a little burning pufhes us more powerfully

than greater plcafures in profpeft. Locke.

16. To urge ; to prefs to a conclufion.

The experiment of wood that fliineth in the
dark, we have diligently driven and purfued ; the
rather for that, of all things that give light here
below, it is the raoft durable, and hath Jeall appa-
rent motion. BMon's Natural Hiftiry.

We have thus the proper notions of the four ele-
ments, and both them and their qualities <ir)VfB up
aud rcfolved into their mo!t fimple principles.

Dighf on Bodies.

To dri*e the argivracnt farther, let us inquire
into the obvious defigns of this divine architeO.

Cheyne's PhVof. Prircipl.s.

The defign of thefc orators was to drive fome
particular point, either the condemnation or ac-
quittal. 5»oi/>.

17. To carry on ; Co keep in motion.

As a farmer cannot hufband his gro.ind fo well,
if he fit at a great rent; fo the merchant cannot
drive his trade fo well, if he lit at great ufury . Bjcoh.

D R J

The ben hare common cities of their »w«.

And common fort; beneath or.elaw thoy live.
And with one common flock their traffick drhe.

Dryden,

Your Pafimond a lawlefs bargain drove,
The fa-ent could not tell the daughter's love. Dry.

Tiie trade of life cannot be driven withrait part,
ners. Collier.

18. To purify by motion : fowe fay to

dri-ve feathers.
His thrice driven bed of down. Shakeff.

The one 's in the plot, let him be never fo inno-
cent ; and the other is as white as the driven fnow,
let him be never fo criminal. L'EJIrangt,

19. 9'ij Drivb o«/. To expel.

Tumults and their exciters drave myfelf and
many of both houfesout of their places. K. Charles.

As foon as they heard tlie name of Rofcetes,
they forthwith drave out their governour, and re-
ceived the Turks into the town. Knolles's Hiftery.

To Drive. i>. n.

I. To go as impelled by any external
agent.

The needle endeavours to conform unto the
meridian ; but, being diltra^cd, driveth that way
where the greater and powerfuller partoftbc earth

js place'

Brcwns Vulgar Etrours.

Love, fixt to one, flill fafc at anchor rides.
And dares the fury of the winds and tides 5
But lofing once that hold, to the wide ocean born,
lldrives away at will, to every wave a fcorn. Dryd,

Nor with the rifmg ftorm would vainly drive ;
But left the helm, and let tlie vefi'el drive.

Drydens jEneid,

2. To rulh with violence.

Fierce Boreas drove agaiufl his flying fails,
And rent the flicets. Drydens uSncid,

Near as he draws, thick harbingers of fmoke
With gloomy pil!ars cover all the place;

Whofe little intervals of night are broke
By fparks that drive againfl his facrcd face. Dryd.
Tlien with fo fwifc an ebb the flood drove back*
ward,
It flipt from underneath the fca'y herd.

Drycitns All for Love,
The bees drive out upon ea-.h other's backs,
T'imbofs thrir hives in cluflers. Dryd. Don Sebaft,

While thus he flood,
Perithous' dart drove on, and naii'd him to the
wood. Dryden*

As a (hip, which winds and waves affail.
Now with the current drives, now with the gale }
She feels a doubc force, by turiis obeys
Th' imperious tempeft, and ch' impetuous feas.

Dryden,

The wolves fcampered away, however, as hard

as they could drive, L^Efirange,

Thick as autumnal leaves, or driving fand.
The moving fquadrons blacken all the ftrand.

pope's Iliad,

3. To pafs in a carriagei

There is a litter ready; lay him in 't/
And drive tow'rd Dover. Sbakefp. King Lear,

Thy flaming chariot-wheels, that fliook
Heav'n's everlafting frame, while o'er the necks
Thou drov'P of warring angels difarray'd. Milton,

4. To tend to; to confider as the fcope
and ultimate defign.

Authors dri-ie at thele, as the higheft elegancies,
which a:c but the frigidities of wit.

Brofton*s Vulgar Errours,

We cannot widely miftake his dilcourfe, when
we have f.iund out the point he drives at. Locke,

They look no further befosc them than the next
line; whence it will inevitably follow, that they
can driue to no certain point, but ramble from one
fubjeO to another. Dryden,

We have done our work, and are come within
view of the end that wo have b.:cn driving -au

AJdifin on the ffar^

5. To aim ; to ftrike at with fury.
Four tojues in buckram let drive at me.

^ Sbakefptart's Ifenry IV.

D R I

At Auxur's fliield he dreve, and »t the Mow
Both fliield and »rm to ground together go.

Drydeni j^nfjd*

6. To tfrive, in all its fenfes, whether ac-
tive or neuter, n\ay ' e obferved to retain
a fenfe compounded of violence and pro-
greffion.

To DRl'VEL. -v. n. [from drip, dripph,
dribble, drivel.]

1. To flaver ; to let the fpittle fall in
drops, like a child, an idiot, or a do-
tard.

I met with this Chremes, a JrrveUng old fellow,
lean, (baking buth of head and hands, already half
earth, and jet thep mod greedy of earth. Sidnr/.

No man could fpit from him, but would be
forced to drivtl like ibme paralvticfor a fuol.

Grrw*

2. To be weak or fbolifli ; to dote.

This drhielhg love is like a great nauiral, that
runs lolling up and d'^wii to hide his bauble.

Shiiijfairei Rorrn and Julicl.
I bate to fee a brave bold fellow lotted,
Made four and lenf::lefs, tum'd to whey, by love;
A drivelirg hero, fit for a romance. X)rydeit.

Dri'vel. n.f. [from the verb.]
I. Slaver; moifture fhed from the mouth.
Befidss th' eternal dri'vel, that fupplics
The dropping beard, from noftrils, mouth, and eyes

Drydtr.

z. A fool ; an idiot ; a driveller. This
fenfe is now out of ufe.

What fool am I, to mingle that drivitt fpeechcs
among my noble thoughts ! 6idnfy-

Millioni of years this old drivel Cupid lives.
While (till mote wretch, more wicked, he doth
prove. Sidney ,

Dri'veller. n./. [from </r»W.] A fool ;
an idiot ; a flaverer.

I have heard the arranted drmeUen commended
for their ibrcwdncfs, even by men of tolerable judg-
ment. Svi'tft,

Dm'vEN. Participle of </nw.

Tfaey were drhtn forth from among men.

•JU, XXX. s-
Dm'vER. ».yr [horn dri've.']
I. The pcrfon or inllrument who gives any
motion by violence.

3. One who drives beads.

He from the many-peopled city flies ;
Coctemns their labours, and the driver's cries.

Saiidyt'

The driver runs up to him immediately, and
teats him atmolt to death. VEfirtnge.

The multirude or common rout, like a drove ot

ftieep, or an herd of oxen, may be managed by any

noifeorcry which their ^rtvn-lhallaccuftom them

to. Scuit-

3, One who drives a carriage.

N-r the fierce driver with more fury lends
The founding lafh, and, ere the ilroke defcends,
Low to the wheels his pliant body bends. Diyd'yirg,

To DRl'ZZLE. -J. a. [dri/elcn, German,
to (tied dew.] To ftied in fmall flow
drops, as iviiiter rains.
WiIkd the fun lets, the air doth </rrssa/; dew. Sh>
Though now this face of mine be hid
In fap-cf-rifuming winter's drizix>led fnow.
And ill the conduiti t\f wy blood froze up,
Yer hath my night cf life feme memory. Ktihlf.

To Dri'/izlb. 1/. It. To fall in ihort flow
drops.

And drivxting drops, that often do rediund,
Trcfirmr.a Hint doth in continuancewear. Sfienjer*

Her heart did melt in great compafiion.
And dnm/ing tears did Ibed for pure affeftion.

Fairy a^uetn.
This day will poor down.
If I conjrflure anght, no driza/.rp (how'r,
But iitUin^ liotoi of arrows b;iib'd with fire. Milt.

D R O

The (leighbourin J mountains, by reafon of their
height, are moreexpofed to the dews and drizxling
rains than any of the adjacent parts. Addif. on Italy.

"Dm'zzLr. adj. [from dV/zz/is.] Shedding
fmall rain.

This during winter's driicxh) reign be done.
Till the new raai receives th' exalted fun.

Drydcn's firgil.

DROIL. ti. /. [by Juitias underftood a
contraAion of drive/.] A drone ; a flug-
gard.

To D B o I L. 'v.n. To work fiuggifhly and
flowly ; to plod.

Let fuch vile vaiTals, born to bafe vocation.
Drudge in the world, and for their living t^oil.
Which have no wit to live withoutcn toyle. Sfxnjer,
Detuctude does contra<S and narrow our tacul-
ties, fo that we can apprehend only thofe things in
which we are converiant : the droiling peal'anc
fcarce thinks there is any world beyond the neigh-
bouring markets. Government of the Tcngue.

DROLL. «./ [drchr, French.]

1. One whofe bufiuefs is to raife mirth by
petty tricks ; a jefter ; a buftbon ; a
jackpudding.

As he was running home in all hafte, a tiro//
takes him up by the way, L^ Efirttrge*

Why, how now, Antirew? cric$ his brother (/ro/Zi
To-day*s conceit, mechioks, is fomcthing dull.

PWor.

Democrrtus, dear </«/// revifit earth,
AHd-.vithourto]!iesgIut chyhcighten'd mirth. Prisr.

2. A farce ; fomething exhibited to raife
mirth.

Some as jtiflly Tame extols,
For lofty lines in Smithficid droUs, Stvift.

To Daoll, Tf, n. [iirSie, ¥x\'\ To jeft ;
to play the buffoon.

Such auguft defigns as inrpire your inquiries,
ufed to be decided by drollifg tantaflicks, that have
only wit enough to make others and themfelve^.
rid i c ulou s. GU nnf'dls*

Men that will not be reafoRed into their renlcd,
may yet he laughed or drolled into theni.

V Eft range.

Let virtuofos infulr and dcTpire on, yet they

never (hall be able to druU away ni^ture. Scuil*

Dro'llerv. /»._/; [from ^reh\] Idle
jokes ; buffoonery.

They hang between heaven and hell, borrow the
chriftians faichy aud the atheiiis drollery upun it.

Governmfnt of the Tcnvue.
Dro'medary. n.f. [dromtiiaret Ital.)
A fort of camel fo called from its fwiftnefs, be
caufe it is faid to travel a hundred miles a-dav.
DromedarUi are fmaller than cr>mm3n cumelt,
Henderer, and mote nirnbie j and are of two kinds :
one larger, with two fmall bunches, covered with
hair, en its back; the other telfcr, with cnc
hairy eminence, and more frequently call'jd camel :
both arc capable of great fatigue. Their h::ir \f
(oh and (h)rn j they have no farg* and fore-
teeth, nor horn upon their feet, which are only co-
vered with a fle/hy /kin ; and they are abo-.u fcven
feet and a half high, from the ground to the t.pof
their heads. SccCamkl. Culiret.

Straw for the horfei and dromedar'u: brought tiu:y
unti-. the pi; ce. 1 Kingt.

Mules, after thefc camels stnA dromedaries,
And wjigijons frjujiht with uienl'lT c-l'war, Mihon

DRONE, n.f. [bpoen, Saxon.J
I. The bee which makes no honey, and is
therefore driven out by the reft.

The fad-eyed jufticc, with his fuily hum,
Delivering o'er to executors pale
The laiy yawning dront. Staijf. Henry V.

Luxurious kin^s are to their people lult }
They live, like dronei, upon the publick coll.

Dryden't .4arengx.ehe.
All,, with united force, combine to drive'
The laay drma from the Uboriou.t hive.

Prydea'i f'irgil.

D R O

2, A fluggard ; an idler.

He fleeps by dajr
More than the wild cat : dronei hive not with me,
Therefore I pait with him. SbakeJ^eare*

Sit idle on the houftiold hearth,

A burd'nous drone, to vifitants a gase. Mihon»

It is my misfortune to be married to a drctie,

who lives, upon v^hat 1 ger, witiiout bringing any

thing into the common ftock, Addijcn.

3. The hum, or inftrument of humming*

Here while his canting drove-pipe fcann'd
The myftic figures ot her hand',
He tipples palr.ieftry, and dines .
On atl her fortune-telling lipes. Cleavelaitd^

To Drone, 'v. «. [from the noun,]

1. To live in idlenefs ; to dream.

What have 1 loft by my forefathers fault!
Why was not I the twentieth by dcfcent
Frr.m a long reftive race of drcn'mg kings ? Dryd*

2. To give a heavy dull tone.

Melfoil and honcyfucklcs pound,
With thefe alluiing favours ftrew the grnund,
And mix with tinkling brafs the-cymbaPs drcning
f)jnd. Drydext

Dro'nish. ad/', [from drone,] Idle ; ilug-
gifh ; dreaming; lazy; indolent; un-
aiSive.
The dronifimonkifihe fcorn and Ihame of man-
hood,
Roufe ar.d prepare once more to take pofleflion,
To ne(Hc in their ancient hives again. Rczve*

Jo Droop. <v. n, [aVo^, forrow, Dutch.]

1. To languifh with forrow.

Conceiving the difhonour of his mother,-
He,llra'ght deciin'd, droop^dy took it deeply ;
Farten'd and fix'd the fhai. on*t in himfelf, Sbak,
1 drocpy with ftruggling fpent;

My thougiits are on my forrows bent. Sandys,

2. To faint ; to grow weak ; to be difpi-
rited.

I rtnd my zenith doth depend upon
A mofV aufpicious ftar ; whofe influence
If n-'iw i cuuit r.iit, but omit, my fortunes
Will ever after drcop* Sbakejpcai'e'i Tempep,

Co^)d things of day begin to dro'.p and drowl'e,
While night's black agents to their prey do roufe,

a hake] p He re*

When by impulfe from heav'n Tyrtaus iung,
In^d'Gifing fol licrs a new courage fprung. Rofiom*

Oin flovv'rs but d'oop in abfcnce of the fun.
Which wjic'd their fweets ? and mine, atas ! Is
gone. Dryden,

Time fecms not now beneath his years to ftoop,
Nor do his wings with fickly feathers droop* Dryd*

When faOinu? rjge to crui-l exile drove
The queen of beauty jnd the coun of love,
1 \\'i rr»ufts drcop^dy/\.\\ their forfaken arts. Dryd*

I'll animate the foidiers drooping couiage
With love of freedom and contempt of life.

Addifon'i Cato,

I faw him ten days before he died, and obTerved
he began very much la droop and langui/h, itiv'ift*

3. To fmk ; to lean downwards : com-
monly by weaknefs or grief

, I never from thy fide henceforth muft ftray,
Wherever our day's work lies i though n»w etijoin'd
Laborious, till day droop, Afi'tcn't Paradij'e Loft,

"His head, tln^ugh gay,
Carnat'rtn, purple, azure, or fpeck'd with gold,
Hying drooping , unfuftain d. Milton i Parad'ife Lrjf,

Onher hcav'd boftm hung her drooping head,
Which with a figh fhe rais'd, and this flje faid.

Pop*,

DROP. n,f- [bnoj^pa, Saxon.]
I. A globule of moilture ; as much liquor
a.^ falls at once when there is not a con-
tinual iheam.

Meet we the moJVine of our ccnntry's we.i!,
Ar.d with him pour we, in our country's purge,
Ej^Ii .irop of us. Shtiketpetire'i Macbeth*

Wliercas Ariflotlc Tells us, that if a drop of wine
be put into ten tiioutaud mcaluro of water, the

wiui)

PRO

■wine, being orerpoweicj by to vjft i qumtity of
water, will be turned into it j he fpealu very im-
probably. Bcflt.
Admiring in the gloomy Oiade,

Thofe little dnfi of light. Ifalkr.

Had 1 but known that Sancho wai bis father,
I w-ouid have pour'd a deluge of my blood
To l'j\e oi:e drcf of his. DryHn'i S/anifi> Friar.

a. Diamond hanging in the ear.

The JrDft to thee, Brillante, we confignj
And, Momentilla, let the watch be thine. Pcfe.

Drop Serene. »./ [gutiajirena, Lat.]
A difeafe of thf eye, proceeding from an
inTpiflation ofthe humour.

Sii thick a drcf^/trme lijth qucnch'd their orbs,
Or (Jim fuffjlioh vcil'd I Milton's ParaM/i LcJI.

To Drop. f. a. [bpoppan, Saxon.]

1. To pour in drops or fingle globules.

Hit r.cavens (hall drofiuvm dew. Dtut. xx«iii.i8.

2. 'l"o let fall from a higher place.

- Others o'er chimney tops and turrets row,
A.id dnf their anchors on the meads below. Dryd,

One only ha^ remain'd :
Propp'd on her trufty (laff, not half upright,
■ And draff d an aukward court'fy to the knight.

Drytten.
St. John himfelf will fcarce forbear
To bite his pen and dr'tp a tear. S'.vifi,

3. To let go; to difoi LPs from the hand, or
the pofTellion.

Though I could
With birefacM power fwecp him from my fight.
And bid my will avouch ir ; yet I mud nor.
For certain friends that arc both his and mine,
Whore loves I may nor dr-.p. Stakeff. Macbcib.
Thofe who have aflumed vlfible Vhapes for a
feafon, can hardly be reckoned among this order
ot compounded beings ; becaufe they drcf their bo-
4iiet, and dived themfelves of thofe vifible (hapcs.
ff^iirts't Lcgick.

4. To Utter (lightly or cafually.

Drof not thy word againft the houfe of Ifaac.

5. To infcrt indireflly, or by way of di
greffion.

St. Paul's epiftlet contain nothing but points of
Chrillian inftruftion, araongft which he feldnm
fails to drop in the great and diftinguilhing doc-
trines f^f our holy religion. Ltclte.

6. To intermit; to ceafe.

Vrhtre the ail is unmanly or immoral, we ought
to drop our hopes, or rather never entertain them.
Collier on Dtffair,

After having given this judgment in its favour,
they fudjcniy ,>-o;./ the puifuit. Sharp's Surgny.

7. To quit a mailer.

1 have beat the hoof till I have worn out thefe
does in your fcrvice, and not one penny left nie t >
buy more; fo that you mud even excufe me if 1
drp you hc.e. L'Eflrtnge.

8. To let go a dependant, or companion,
. without farther affociation.

She drilled him on to five-and-fifty, and will
drop him in bis old age, if /he can find her account
in another. Addjlon.

They have no fooner fetched themfelves up to
the falhion of tjic polite world, but the town has
irifftd them. AJdjfon.

Mention either of the kings ofSpain or Poland,
»nd be Ulks notably j but if you go out of the Ga.
lette, you drop him. jiddijotu

9. To fuffer to vanilh, or come to nothing.

Thus was the fame of our Saviour perpetuated
by foch records as would prcferve the traditionary
account of him to after-ages ; and reftify it, if, by
pafflng through feveral generations, it might dl-op
4oy part that was material. Addifon.

Opinions, like fa/hions, always defccnd from
thofe of quality to the middle fort, and thence to
the vulgar, whcrt they zxt dnfpid ioi vanilh.

i: To bedrop ; to fpcckle ; to variegate
• withfpots, Variis Jidlatui cerfara guttis. I

D R O

Or fporting, with quick glinee,
Sh^w to the fun tlieir wav'd coats, </re^/'V with
gold. Miller.

T» Drop. oi. «.

1. To fall in drops, or fingle globules.

The quality of meicy is not lliain"d ;
It drcpfeib as the gentle rain from heaven
Upon the place beneath. Sioi. Mtnh. of Vmet.,

2. To let drops fall ; to difcharge itfelf in
drops.

The heaveni dioppcd at the prefence of God.

Pjalm Ixvii. 8.
While cumber'd with my droffirg cloaths I lay,
The cruel nation, covetous of prey,
Stain'd witji my blood th' unhofpitable coaft.

Dryden's ^r.iid.
Beneath a "rock he figh'd alone.
And cold Lycaeus wept from evciy drtppirg ftone.

Vryden.

3. To fall ; to come from a higher place.

Hhilofophers conjcfture that yiu dropped from
the moon, or one of the ftars. GuUrver'i Traveli.

In every revolution, approaching nearer and
nearer to the fun, this comet mud at lad drop, int'j
the fun's body. Ciryre.

4. To fall fpontaneoufly.

So mayd thou live, till, like ripe fruit, thou
diop
Into thy mother's lap ; or be with eafc
Gathcr'd, not hardily pluck'd. MiUon.

5. To fall in death ; to die fuddenly.

It was your prefurmife.
That in the dole of blows your fon might drop.

Sbakijpeare.

6. To die.

Nothing, fays Seneca, fo foon reconciles us to
tlie thoughts of our own death, as the profpecl of
one friend after another dropping round us.

D:gby to Pope.

7. To fink into filence ; to vanilh; to
come to nothing : a familiar phrafe.

Virgil's friends thought fit to let drop this inci-
dent of Helen. Addifon'sTra-ueh.

I heard of threats occafioned by my verfes : I
fent to acquaint them where I was to be found, and
fo it dropped. Pope.

8. To come unexpe£ledly.

Either you come not here, or, as you gr^ce
"Some old acquaintance, drop into the place,
Carelefs and qualmid), with a yawning face.

Dryden.

He could never make any figure in company,
but by giving didurbance at his entry : and there-
fore takes care to drop in when he thinks you arc
juft feated. Speilator, No ^g.

9. To fall (hort of a mark.

Often it drops or ovcrflioots by the difproportions
of didancc or application. Collier.

Dro'pping. h./. [from </ro/.]
t. That which falls in drops.

Thrifty wench fcrapcs kitchen-duff,
And barrelling tie droppitgi and the fnuff
Of wading candles. Define.

2. That which drops when the continuous
ftream ceafes.

Strain out the laft dull droppings of your fcnfc.
And rhyme with all the rage of impotence. Pope.

Dro'plet. n. /. A little drop.

Thou abhorr'dd in us our human griefs,

Scorn'd our brine's flow, and thofe our droplets,
which

From niggard nature fall. Shake/prare't Timon.
Dro'pstone. n.f. [elro^ a.nd^one.'] Spar

formed into the Ihape of drops. fVooJiu.
Dro'pwort. n.f. {drop and luort.'] A

plant of various fpccies.
Dro'psical. cii/J. [from '^■''fj}-] Difeafcd

with a dropfy ; hydropical ; tending to

a dropfy.

The diet of nephritick and dropfitnl perfons
ought to be fuch 19 is oppolice to, and fubdueth, the

D R O

ilkalefcent nature of the falts in the ferum of the
bluod. Arhuthnct on M-.mer.ts.

Dro'psied. fl<^'. [ftotn Jrofjif.] Difeafcd
with a dropfy.

Where great addition fwells, a nd virtuenone,
It is a drop/ed honour : good alone
Isgood. Shjtefpiari' i Air s vitll ihtt ends luelU

-DRO'PSY. n.f. [^<j'rc/j. Latin ; whence
anciently hydropijy, thence dropify, drop.
J}."] A colleition of water in the body,
from too lax a tone of the folids,
whereby digettion is weakened, and all
the parts ftufFed. !i>>iincj.

An anafai'ca, a fprcles of dreffy, is an extravi-
fation of water lodged in the cells of the mcmbrana
adipofa. Sharp,

DROSS, n.f. [bfoj-, Saxon.]

1. The recrement or deipumationofmeialt.

Some fcumm'd the drofs that from the metal
came.
Some dirr'd the molten ore with ladles great,
And every one did fwink, and every one did fweat.

Sprnfer.

Should the nsiiture of a little drofs condrain the

chuiCh to deprive herfelf of fo much gold, rather

than learn how, by art and judgment, to make fc-

paration of the one from the other ? hookrr*

2. Ruft; incruflation upon metal.

An emperor, hid under a crud of drofs, after
cieanfing, has appeared with all his titles frcdi and
beautiful. Addijon*

3. Refufc ; leavings ; fwcepings ; any
thing remaining after the removal of the
better part ; dregs ; feculence'; corrup-
tion. ->

Fairproud, now tell mewliy Ihould fair be proud,
Sith all world's glory is but drofs unclean ;

And in the rtiadc of death itlclf diatl duoud.
However now thereof ye little w ecn ? Spenftr,

That mod divine light only diineth on thole
minds which are purged from ali worldly drofs and
human unclcanneis. Rnlcigh,

All treafures and all gain edeem as drofs.
And dignities and pow'rs, all but the highcd. Milt.

Such precepts exceedingly difpofc us to piety

and religion, by purifying our fouls from the droft

and filth of fenfual delights. lilkifn.

Dro'ssiness. n.f. [irom droffy.'\ Foul-

nefs ; feculence ; ruft.

The furnace of affiitiion refines us from earthly
drijjinefs, and fuftens us for the imprelfion of God's
damp. Boyli,

Dro'ssy. adj. [from drofs.'\

1. Full of fcorious or recrement! tious
parts ; full of drofs.

So doth the fire the drjjfy gold refine, Dfvies.

For, by the fire, they emit not only many dr^
and fcorious parts, but whatfoever they had re-
ceived either from earth or loaddone.

Browns Vulgar Errturst

2. Worthlefs ; foul ; feculent.

Your intention hold,
•As fire thefe drojjy rhymes to purify.
Or as elixir to change them into gold. Donne.

Dro'tchel. n.f. [corrupted perhaps from
dretchel. To dretch, in Chaucer, is to idle,
to delay. Droch, in Frifick, is delay.'\
An idle weoch ; a fluggard. In Scot-
tilTi it is ftill ufed.

Drove, n.f. [from drive.']

1 . A body or number of cattle : generally .
ufed of oxen or black cattle.

They brought to their dations many droves of
cattle i and within a few days were brought out
of the country two thoufind muttons. Haynvord.

A Spaniard is unacquainted with our northern
droves. Brcivn.

2. A number of (heep driven. To an herd
of oxen we regularly oppofe, not a
drove, but i. flock, of (heep.

A drove of Ihecf, or an herd of oxen, may be

^anjged

D R O

Biniged by iny noife or cry which the drivers
fliill accuftom them to. Smth.

3' Any colleftion of animals.'

. The founds and feas, with all rheir finny drove.
Now CO the muon in wavering morrice move.

Milttn.

4. A crowd ; a tumult.

But if to fame alone thott doft pretend,
The nnifer will his empty palace lend,
Set wide with doors, adornM with plated brafs.
Where drtvis, u at a city-gate may pafs.

Drydens yuveitaK

J)g.(/vES.fart. from </ri<ve. Not now ufed.

Tliis is fought indeed ;
Had we fo done at firft, we had drwin them home
With clouts about their heads. Shaitffeare.

Dro'ver. n.f. ffrom ilro--vt.'\ One that
fats oxen for fale, and drives them to
market.

The prince hath got your hero.
i I wilh him joy of her.
—Why, that's fpoken like an honeft driver ; fo
they fell bullocks. Sbak, Much ado about Nothing.

The drovtr, who his fellow drt/ver meets
In narrow paHiiges of winding ftrcels. Dryd. yuit,

DROUGHT, n.f. [bpujobe, Saxon.]
I. Dry weather ; want of rain.

O earth I •! will befriend thee more with rain
Than youthful April Ihall with all hi: fliowers : .
In (\imn'tzx^i drought V\\ drop upon thee ftill. Slak*

Great drrjghtt io fummer, laOir.g till the end
of Auguft, fome gentle (bowers upon them, and
then fome dry weather, portend a pellilent fummer
the year following. Batcn,

To fouth the Perfian bay,
Aai inacceflible th' Arabian draught. Mi/ton.

As torrents in the drc/wih of fummer fail.
So perifh'd man from death ihall never rife. Sajtdyi.

They were (b learned in natural philofophy,
that they foretold earthquakes and Aorms, great
Jreughts, and great plagues. Temf'Ie*

In a drought, the thirfty creatures cry.
And gape upon the gathcr'd clouds for rain. Dryd.

Upon a (Rower, after a driughi, earthworms and

land-fnailsinnumerablecomeout of their lurking-

■ places. Sfiy.

a. Thirft ; want of drink.

Hit carcafe, pin'd with hunger and with drcugbi.

One, whofe drought
Yet fcarce allavM, ftill eyes the current (Ireim,
Wholi: liquid murmur heard new thirft cxcitc<.

MVf.n.

Drou'chtiness. n.f. [from Jraughty."]

The Hate of wanting rain.
Dro'uchty. ajj. [hottt Jr ought. '\
I. Wanting rain; fultry.

That a camel, fo patient of long thirft, ihould
he bred in fjth dr'Mvbty and parched countries,
where it ii'of foch eminent ufc for travelling over
Oidrrfrf and Tandy defarts wh^-re no water is Co
be had, mull be acknowledged an a£l of provi'lencc
and delign. Rnj on Crealhn,

3. Thirlly ; dry with thitft.
If the former years
Eihibil no fupplies, alas ! thou mud
With taflelefs water wa(h thy droughty throat.

Pl-i/lfi.
To DiowN. v. a. [from d.-unJeit, below,
German, Skinner; from bjruncman. Sax.
Mr. Lje.]
I. To fufFocate in water.

They W' ' ''ivn rhofe that ref-ifed to
fwim ttow . Itream. King Charlrt.

When f.. -.-..-. ...i.-tiC only eight he tojnd
Snalch'J fram the waf"ry grave, aod fav'd from
nati- ns dri^vind* Priir.

a. To overwhelm in water.

Or fo mu%,i as it needs
To dew the fovcrejgn flow'r, aod druvix the wreds.

SbaktJ^eare,

D R O

Galleys might be drnoned in the h»rbour with
the great ordnance, before they could be rigged.

Kroltui HiJIiry,

3. To overflow ; to bury in an inundation ;
to deluge.

Betwi»t the prince and parliament we Aand,
The barriers •f the ftate on either hand ;
May neither overflow, for then ihey drown the
land. Dryder..

4. To immerge ; to lofe in any thing.

Moft men being in fenfual pleafures drowned.
It fecms their fouls but in their fcnfes are. Daviei,

5. To lofe in fomething that overpowers
or covers.

Who Cometh next will not follow that courfe,
however good, which his predecefibrs held, for
doubt to have his doln^i drcv/ned in another man's
praife. Sperffer on Ireland.

That the brightnefs of the fun doth drciun our
difccrningof the lefVer lights, is 3 popular errour.

mtton.
My private voice is drown d amid the fenate.

AdMf.n,
Some aged man who lives this aft to fee.
And who in former times remember'd me.
May fay, the fon, In fortittidc and fame.
Outgoes the mark, and droiuns Ills father's name.
I Dryden.

To Drown, t;. ». To be fuffocated in the
waters.

There be, that keep them out of fire, and yet
was never burned ; that beware of water, and yet
was never nigh drowning, jijlham^t Schoolmajler.

Methoughi what pain it was to droivn 1
What! leadful noife of waters in my ears ! Shak.

To DROWSE, -v. a. [Jroojin, Dutch.] To
make heavy with fleep.

There gentle fleep
Firft found me, and with foft opprcfiion feiz'd
My dri,iofed {cTift% uncontroU'd. Mill. Farad. Lcfi

To Drowse, t. n.

r. To fluraber ; to grow heavy with fleep.

All their ffiape
Spangled with eyes, more numerous than thofe
Of Argus ; and more wakeful than to drnoje,
Charm'd with Arcadian pipe. Milt.Parad. Lop.

2. To look heavy ; not cheerful.

They rsther drotui'd, and hung their eyelids
down.
Slept in his face, and render'd fuch afpeft
As cloudy men uftto their adverfaries.

Shakejf. Henry VI.

Dro'wsily. aJiv. [from drtnvjy.']

1. Sleepily ; heavily ; with an inclination
to fleep.

The air fwarms thick with wand'ring deities,
Whicii drcntjfingly like humming beetles rife.

Vryden.

2. Sluggiftily ; idly ; flothfully ; lazily.

Wc latisfy our undeiftanding with the firft
' things, and, thereby fatia:ed, flothfully and droio-
ft!y fit down. Raleigh.

Dro'wsinesj. n.f. [from <iVuti^.]
I . Sleepinefs ; heavinefs with fleep ; dif-
pofltion to fleep.

Wriat a {kt^t\^c drciujt/iefs poftcllcs them ! Shai.
In deep of night, when dronvjinefi
Ha:h lock'd up mortal fenfe, then liften I
To the cclcftial fyrcn'a harmony. Miltcn.

What fuccour can I hope the mnfe will fend,
yfhok drvwfiiieft hath wroog'd the mufc'sfricnH ?

Crajhaiu.

Tfe paftes his whole life in a dozed condition,
between flecping and waking, with a kind oi
drctufinfjt and confufion upon his fenfes. ^outh.

Ke that from his childhood h.;s made rifing be-
tirn'S familiar to him, will not w.ifte the beft part
of his life in drotvjineji, and lying a-bsd. Locke.

A fenfation of i/ro7tJ^iTr/j, oppri-ilion, and laffl-

tudc, uc £gat of a plcMiful meal in young pcoj-Ir.

, Ati'Ulhml.

D R U

2. Idlenefs ; indolence; jnadllvity.

It falleth out well, to (hake off your litewyfd*/} J'
for it feeraed to be the trumpet of a war.

Bacon's Holy Jf^ar,

Dro'wsihed. ft./. Sleepinefs; inclina-
tion to fleep. Obfolete.

The royal virgin ihook oS d-owEhcd ;
And riling forth cut of her bafer boure,
Look'd f )r her knight. Fairy Sluein,

Dro'wsy. aJj. [from drotufe.']

1. Sleepy ; heavy with fleep ; lethargick.

Droivfy am I, and yet can rarely (leep. Sidney.

Men jLT&drowJy, and defirous to fleep, before the
fi: of an ague, and do ufe to yawn and ftretch.

Bacon' I Natural Hifiory,

The flowers, call'd out of their beds.
Start and raife up thci r droiufy heads. Cleaveland*

Drunken at laft, and droiJjy, they depart
Each tJ his hoiifr. Dryden.

2. Heavy ; lulling ; caufing fleep.

Sir Giiyon, mindful of his vows yplighr,
Uprofe from droiv/y couch. Faity Siueen^

While thus (he rcfted, on her arm reclin'd.
The horary willows waving with the wind,
And feather'd quires that warbled in the (hade,
And purling ftreaQis that through the meadow

liray'd.
In dniufy murmurs lull'd the gentle maid. Add.

3. Stupid ; dull.

Thofe iiudv-.Ttcncies, a body would think, even
our author, with all his drawfy realfning, could
never have been capable of. Aiterbury.

roDRUB. nj.a. [d'r-ft^fr, tokill.Danilh.]
To threlh ; to be.it ; to bang ; to thump ;
to thwack ; to cudgel. A word of con-
tempt.

He that is valiant, and dares fight.
Thrush drubb'd, can lofe no honour by't. Huiih.

The little thief had been loundly drukbiJ vih\\ a
g"od honeft cudgel. L'Ejirange.

Though the bread be not minf,yet, iCit had been
lef:. than wcij^ht. 1 ihou d have hze-\.'yubhed. L',cke.

Drub. n.f. [from the verb.] A thump;
a knock ; a blow.

The blows and drubs I have receiv'd

Have bruis'd my body, and bereav'd

My limbs of ftrength. Hudiiras.

By felting an un(i3rtiinate mark on their folluw-

crs, they have expofed them to innumerable drubt

and contuficns. Addifont

To DRUDGE, -v. ft. [ bpeccan, to vex,
Saxon; draghen, to carry, Dutch.] To
labour in mean offices ; to toil without
honour or dignity ; to work hard ; to
flave.

And to crack'd fiddle, and hoarfe tabour.
In merriment, did drudge and labour. Hudibrai

The poor fleep little : we rpuft learn to watch
Our labours late, and early every morning,
Midft wintcrfroftsj then, clad and fed with fparing.
Rife fo our toils, and drudge away the day. Ot^way.

Advantages obtained "by induftry, dirc^ed by
philofophy, can never be expelled from drudgirg
ignorance. Clanvdle.

Soon he came to court,
ProfTering for hire his fervice at the gate,
To drudge, draw water, and to run or wait. Dryd.

I made no fuch bargain with you, to live always
drudging, Dryden s Dedication, j^neid.

What is an age, in duil rt-nown drudg'd o'er !
One little (ingle hnur of love is more, (rrcnntille.
Drudge. «.y; [from the verb.] One em.
ployed in mean labour ; a flave ; one
doomed to fcrvile occupation.

To c.nclude, this drudge r-f the devil, this di-
viner, h-d claim to me. ihakcff. Comedy of Erf

He fit^ above and laughs (he wl'ile
At thee, rrJa'n'd \\-i drudge, to execute
Whate'rr his wrath (hall bid. Miion's Par. Lfi,

Art th'Mi our Q«ve,
Our cflpiive, at the publick \Xi\\\''\ix drui'gf.
And dar'ft tiiou, at our fending and coinm.»nd/,
Dipfute thy coming } Milton' t Agonijfet,

H(

D R U

F;

He IS content to be their druige.
And on their errands gladly trudge. Hudihrai,
The hard mafter malces men fcrvc him for
nought, who rewards his JruJgei and Haves with
nothing but ^ame, and forrow, 2nd mifery.

Tilhtfeit.

Dru'dcer. h./. [from Jrui/ge.]

1. A mean labourer.

2. The drudging-box ; the box out of
which flower is thrown on roaft meat.

Di3.
Dru'dcerv. w.yi [from tiriu/ge.'\ Me.in
labour ; ignoble toil ; dilhonourable
work ; fervile occupation.

My old dame will be undone for one ti do her
hufbandry and her drud^try^ ^bakej^are*

Were there not inlliuments (nr drudgery as well
as offices of drudgery f Were there not people to
receive orders, as well -as others to give and autho-
riee them ? VEflraxgr.

Vou do not know the heavy grievances.
The toils, the labours, weary drud^rrki.
Which they impofe. St^utherni Oracnoh.

To thee that drudjrny of pow'r 1 give ;
Cares be thy bt : re^gn thou, and let me live.

Dry den,

P»r»difc was a place of blifs, as well as immor-
tality, without drudgery, and without forrow.

Locke.
Even Drudgery himfelf,
As at the car he fwcats, or dufty hen's
The palace Hone, I^oks gay. • Tiomfin's Summer.

It is now handled by every dirty wench, and
condemned to do her drudgery.

Sv)iJ'l's Meditations en a BrmmJUck.

Dru'dcincbox. «./. le^rue/ging znd iox."]
The box out of which flower is fprinkled
upon roaft meat.

But if it lies too long, tlie crackling's pall'd.
Not by the dmdgingiox to be recall'd.

Kirjg'i C^'jkery.

Dru'dcingly. adv. [from <irudging.'\
Laborioufly ; toilfomely.

He does now all the meaneft and triflingcft
things himfelf </n(rf;fir^/y, without making u(e of
any inferiour or fubordinate miniftrr.

Kay em lie Creation.

DRUG. K.f. yregue, French.]
1. An ingredient ufed in phyfick ; a me-
dicinal fimple.

A fleet defcried i
Hangs in the clouds, by cquinoftial winds
Clufc failing from Kcngala, or the ifles
Of Ternatc and Tidore, whence merchants bring
Tbcir fpicy drugs- Milicn^s Faradije Loji.

Judicious phytick's noble art to gain,
He drugs and plants explor'd, alas ! in vain.

Smith,
Bright Helen mix'd a mirth-infpiring bowl,
Temper'd with drugs of fov'reign ufe, faffuage
The bailing bofom of tumultuous rage.

Pefe's Odyjfey.
In the names of drugs and plants, the miftaice
in a word may endanger life.

Baker^s Rejieflions on Learrtirg.

S,, It is ufed fometimes for poiftJn.

Mortal diugs 1 have ; but Mantua's law
Is death to any he that utters them. Shakeffcart.
Kn& yet no doubts the poor man's draught cun-
trull ;
He dreads no poifon in his homely bowl ;
Then fear the duadly rfri/;, whcji gems divine
Znchafe thr cup, and fparkle in the wine. Dryd.
■t. Any thing without worth or value ;
any thing of which no purcbafer can be
found.

Each noble rice

Shall bear a price.
And vijtue (hall a drug becomes

An empty name.

Was all her fame.
But now ihc (kail be dumb. Drfdtn't /tlinn.

ID R U

4. A drudge. This feems the meaning
here.

He from bis firft fwath proceeded
Thro' fwcet degrees that this brief world afford,
To fuch as may the jiallive drugs of it
Freely command. Shaktjfeare.

To Dkug. 1). a. [from the noun.]
I. To ffafon with ingredients, commonly
medicinal.

The forfeited grooms
Do mock their charge with fnores.— I've dmgg'd

tlif Ir poflctt,
That death and nature do contend about them.

Shaiejpeare.

z. To tinflure with fomething oftenfive.

Of: they alfay'd.
Hunger and third conftraining ; drugged as oft
With hatcfulcft dilrelilh, writh'd their jaws
With foot and cinders fill'd. Mi'tins Far . LoJI.

Dru'gget. »./. A flight kind of woollen
fluff.

In druggets dreft, of thirteen pence a-yard,
S c Philips fon amidft his Pcrlian guard. Swift.
Dru'ccist. «./ [from ^raf.] One who
fells phyfical drugs.

Common nitre ^ve bought at the druggift's. Beyle.

Dru'cster. ti./, [from drug.\ One who
fells phyfical finiples.

Common oil of turpentine 1 bought at the drug'

Jler'i. Boyli.

They fct the clergy below their apothecaries,

the phylician of the foul below the drugfiers of the

K-idy. Atterhury.

DRUM. n. f. [tromme. Daniftl ; drumme,

Erfe.]

1. An inftrument of military mufick, con-
fiding of vellum ftrained over a broad
hoop on each fide, and beaten with
(licks.

Let's march witiiout the noife of threatening

drvmy Sbakcfpeare.

In drumrfthft clofenefs round about, that pre-

fervcth the found from difperiing, maketh the

noife come fortiv at the drum-hole far more loud

and rtrong than if you Hiould ilrike upon the like

flcin extended in the open air. Bacon.

Tears trickling down their krcafts bcdcw the

ground,

And drums and trumpets mix their mournful found.

Dry den.
Now no more the drum
Provokes to arms, or trumpet's clangor flirill
Atfiights the wives, and chills the virgin's blood.

Pii/ifis.

2. The tympanum of the ear, or the mem-
brane which perceives the vibration of
the air.

To Drum. f. a.

1. To oeat a drum ; to beat a tune on a
drum.

2. To heat with a pu'fatory motion.

Now, heart.
Set ope thy fluices, lend the vigorous blood
Through every ailive limb for iny relief j
Then take thy reft within the ouict cell,
For thou Ihalt drum no more. Dryden.

ToDru'mble. v. h. To drone; to be

fluggifh. Hanmer.

7 akc op thefe cloaths here quickly : where's

the cowlftaff? Look, hnw you drumhie I carry

them to the tandrcfs in Da'chet Mead.

Sbakeff>eare^s Afeny fVi'ues of fVmdJor.

Dru'mfuh. n./. The name of a fifh.

The under-jaw of the drumffh from Virginia.

fyooJtVJr J.

Drumma'jor. n. /. [drum and ina/or.]
The chief drummer of a regiment.

Such cotil^ny may chance to fpoil the fwcaring.
And the drummajor'a oaths, of bulk unruly,
May dwindle to a I'ceblc^ CJetiwland.

DRY

Dru'm MAKER. »./. [druM and tnaier.^
He who deals in drums.

The druimuker ofes it, and the<ab!netmaker.

Mortimer^
Dru'mmer. >»./. [from drum. "l He whof«
office it is to beat the drum.

Drummer, ftiike up, and let us march away.

Skjkfptartt
Here rows of drummers ftand in martial file.
And with tbcir vellum-thisgder dake the pile.

Cay.

Dru'mstick. ».y^ [drum zn^Jiick.'\ Tac

flick with which a drum is beaten.
Drunk, adj. [from driHk.']

1. Intoxicated with llrong liquor ; ine-
briated.

Tliis was the morn when ilfuing on the guards
Drawn up in rar.k and file, they ft^d prepar'd
Of feeming arms to make a ihort affay ;
Then haflen to be drunk, the bufmeft of the day.

Dryden.

We generally conclude that man druni, whi
takes piins to be thought fober. Spefiator,

2. Drenched or faturated with moifture.

I will make mine arrows drunk with blood.

Dmt.
Dru'nkard. n. /. [from drunk.'] On^
given to exceflive ufe of flrong liquors j
one addifted to habitual ebricty.

Some blood drawn on me would beget opini-n
Of my more fierce endeavour. I've f;;n druriardt
Do more than this in fport. Stairff). King Lear.

My bowels cannot hide her woes.

But, like a drunkard, I mud vomit them. Shak.

God will not take the drunkard's excufc, that

lie hai fo long accuftomed himfelf to intsmp erate

drinking, that now he cannot leave it off. South.

Dru'nken. adj. [homdrini,']

1. Intoxicated with liquor ; inebriated.

O monflrous beall ! how like a fwjne he iiea t
Sirs, I will praAife on this drunken man.

Shjkeffeare.
Drunken men imagine every thing lurnech
round : they imagine that things come upon
them J they fee not well things afar off; thofe
things that they fee near hand, they fee out of
their place, and fometimes they fee thmgs double.

Bacon^

2. Given to habitual ebriety.

3. Saturated with moifture.

Then let the earth be drunken with our blood.

Shakejptaf

4. Done in a flate of inebriation.

When your carters, or your waiting vaffils.
Have done a (/ri/»iffl flaughter, and defac'd
The precious image of our dear Redeemer,
You llraight are on your kHses f^r pardon, pardnn.

Shakefpeart.
V/c HiouK! for honour take
The drunken quanels of a rake. Swiftt

Dru'nkenly. adv. [from druitien,] In
a drunken manner.

My blood alcady, like the pelican,
Halt thou tapt out, and drunkcniy carous'd.

Slakeffeart.

Dru'nkEnness. v.f. [from driutkeit.'\

1. Intoxication with flrong liquor.

Every going off from our natural and common
temper, and our ufual fevcrily of behaviour, it a
degree of drunkennefs. Tjykr's RuU of Living Holy.

2. Habitual ebriety.

The Lacedemonians trained up their children
to hate drunkcntie/s, by bringing a drunken man
intotheir company. Jfar/i on the Mind.

3. .Intoxication or inebriation of any kind ;
diforder of the faculties.

Paffunis the r/r«n*f Bii^i of the mind, and there*
fore in its prd'ent workings not controllable by
reafon. Sfinjir,

DRY. adj. [bpij, Saxon]
I . Arid ; not wet ; not moifl.

If

DRY

If the pipe be a little wet en the InflsJc, it will
Biskc a dittcring found trcm the fjme j'if* Jry-

Whjn Goii fiid,
Be gather'H now, ye waters under hctv'n.
Into one jilite, an>t le ./ly 'an<l SVP''"'' ! Milttin.

Ot turbii elements the fp rt ;
Fronri cicar to cloudy tell, from hot to colli,
Aoii dry tt maift. 1 hem fun.

a. Not rainy.

A tiry March and a Jry May portend a '-vhoie-

fome (unimer, if ".here be a ifcowerinj April be-

t*een, Ba.cH.

The •feather, we igreed, wai too dry for tlie

Tea fun. Ai.iijun,

J. Not fucculent ; not juicy.

I will tirain hi:n i/ry as hay ;
■ S eep fljaii neither night oBr day
N^ng upon his penthnufe lid i
He ftiall live a man forbid, Sbaktff, Mtnttib,

4. Being without tears.

Dry mouminj w',.i deeays more deadly bring.
As a north wind burns a too forward fpring 1
Give forrow veat, and let tb{ lluiccijo. Vryditt.

5. Thirily j a-thirft.

So dry he was for fway. SteteA. Temftfi.

Void^of a bulky charter near their lipi,
With which, in often interrupted fleep,
Their frying blood compels to irrigat*
Their dry furr'd tongue«. fb'iRpu

6. Jejune ; barren ; plain ; unembellilTi-
cd ; without pathos • without flowerj.

As '.ve (h-iuld taJcc care that our ftilc in writing
be neither dry nor empty, we Oiogld look again
It h« not winding or wanton with far-fttchcd oc-
feriptioni 1 either it a vice. JJ.-w ytnfun.

It remjiocth to treat concerning ornaments

within or without tbe fabrick | a piece not fo diy

J t% the nieer contempiat'on of proportions 1 an J

. ti)ej»fore 1 hope therein faini*wlvt to refcelh both

|he reader JnJ m;fe:?, yfnion'; jir,t',l:fii,c.

Thjt tke fire burns by hsat, if an en-.p^y diy
rtturo to tite <)urftian, and lc»vci ix (till ignorant.

It li a dry (tkXt, with Jitile or nothing in it,

I'' EJInifi^/.

Authority and .Mendft^p work lipou i'mr, dry
ind fober reafcn works opop. others, I- f/lmngt,

Ti> cUar up thii theory, J was wlliinf; to lay
lUe dry fubtiUtiti with 'which the fch"o!i are
fined, ' Byrmt'i Th^ry.

Theft epiftlei will be«om« left dry, and more
rcfceptihla of ornament, Ptfe.

7. Hard ( fevere. [Z>r/M jncicntljr to ^7-
rfWr^J tiree, Scottlih,]

Of two noblemen, th« one was given to fcoff,

Vut kept evrr royal che^r in his houfe ) the other

would iSk t>( thof: that had been at hit tablet »as

tkeia novar > ticut or dry blow given t fianii.

I rather hop'd I ih"uld no noora

Hear fniin you o" th' gallanting fcorr (

For hard d'y bailingt \n'4 to provt

Th» iej.lle!t remedtet of lore (

Neil a dry d!«. Hmliini.

I . To free from moifturc i lo itrefy j to
ex/iccate.

The .-neat wai xell, If you were fo eotitentrd,
n't tell tbce, Kate, 'twai burnt and drird away.

Sttt'&ifre.

Heal drkit hoi'nt chat ds eaflly expire, as~

yatchmenl, k«r«>, rPOC, ind «lay ; and I'o doth

time -efy, J?rt.-«».

Herbs and ftoweti, If they he drird In the (bade,

tr drkd In the hot fiin a fmaU tifri, keep t>iU,

Baim.
Th» running ftroanii >ra deep (
S «, they have caught the father of the^ock,
Who drill bif fleece upon tttc nel|hb«wripg rock.

^7^eii.
J. To exhale moifturc.

'Twn i;r.ef no mon, or ||rief and ragt rvere one
Within hif (ckl ; at '.iH ''.vfn, r»jtt aloDf )

Vol. J.

DRY

Wiilih, burning upwards In fuccelTion, dr'ut
Tlie fjais thai ilood confidering in her eyes,

J)ryJeK,

3. T" wipe away moifture.

Then w.ili her vcft the wound flis wipes and
d^irt, Derian,

Sec, at your Mefl retuminf,

R-fpC dir.»pprars ;
Tbe widow'd iflc in moiirninj

Drlit lip her tears. ' Dryiiti'i jilhm.

4. To fcorch with third.

Tljelr honourable men are familTied, and tlicir
muhitudc dr'itii up with thiiil. ija:ab, Y. 15.

5. To drain j to exhauft.

Raih Elpenor, in an evil hour,
DrirJ an inimcsfuralile bowl, and thought
1'^ cxha'c his forfeit by iniguous fipep,
Impnident : him death'* iron f.trep cpprc*.

rti/i;!.

6. Ta Drv uf To deprive totally of
moifturc J to take all moilture away.

The water of tl'.c fes, which formerly covered
It, was in time exhaled and dr'nd uf by the fun.

H^oodivard.

To Drv. tj. ». To grow dry; to lofe

moillure ; to be drained of its moiliure.

DRY'E*^»r.y; [from dry.] That which

has the quality of ebforbing moifture.

The ill ci{z(\i of drinking are relieved by this
plant, which ia a gr»at dryn mi opener, efpcri-
all) by pcrrpiraticn. 'Tem[-li.

Dkv'stsd. aaj. [dry and 0"-] Without
tears 5 without weeping.

Sight fo deform what heait of rock eould lonj
Dryeycd behold ? Adam coold not, but wept,

M'tU'.n.
Day'i-y. adv. [from </rv.]

1. Without moillure.

2. Coldly i frigidly; without affcflion.

The archdaUe, conki->u> to liimleif how drily
the king had been ufcd by his council, diJ ft; ne
to toccviT the kind's afftaion. Paitn't Henry VJI.

Wouldft thou to honilur and pre.'ermcnti climb,
Be b IJ in njilclilcr", dare fume mighty crime.
Which diingccns, d..)th, or biniftiment delerves ;
For virtue i« but dryly prals'd, and (larvcs.

P'ydln'l yattrxii!.

3. Jejunely: barrenly j without ornament
or embcili(bm«nt,

Somu dry/j phiio, without invention's aid.
Write dtill tf ceiptj how pacms may ba iqad*. Ptfr,

Dry'kiij. «./, [from dry.]
I. Want of moifture J ficcity,

T*t Africans are eonceind to be pecullativ
ftorched and torr'.ftaJ by the fgn, by dryrf/i of tii'e
foil, from want and defeft of water.

Srm'ii'i Vuigar Xrmrt.

Such was tha difeord which did flrft dllperfj
Form, order, bciuty, through the univerfe (
Whil-i dryn/i moillure, coldnofs heat roiiitj,
AH that we have, and (hit we are, fiibflfts.

Tbe marrow fuppltci an oil for |h* Jnundlion
of the bonei and igaments In tli« aitieulatiopi,
and psrtieularty r.f the ligaments, prefirvinjj them
from dry«r/i and rigidity, and keejiing them fuppic
and dex^blii. J(ay «» ibf QuatUn

U ijw fei ever likely to be evaporated b) (be fun,
or to be emptied w|th buckets r Whv tbrn mt'fl
wa fjnoy th;» Impoitikle drymfi, and then, upon
that fittitiout itcount, calamniitt nature }

ttpll'j.
t. Want of fucculencc.
Ifhefill-d
Hll vncancy with hli voluptuoufneft,
Full furfelts, and the drymfi of his bones,
Call on bim for 't. Sbakiff. ytrHiny usd Ctitf.

The diftiirence of mufcular fleih depends upon
tha hjrdnefi, ccndcrneb, molfturC| or dryntji of
tha fibrei. dL'liuUiict-

DUB

3. Want of enibelliniment ; want of pa-
thos; jejuncnefs; b.irrennefs.

Their new ijuwers a.'d fwcetnefs do as mucA
corrupt as others dryncjs and fqualor, if they chu(e
not cjrcful'y. Binjir.jor.

Be taitlilul where t!i= author excels, and pa.-a-
phrife wheie penury of fancy or dryvifs of rx-
prcfli'>n aik it. ' Gii'tb^

4. Want of fenfibility in devotion; want
of ardour ; aridity.

It miy b-.', that by this dryrnft of fp^rlt, God
intends to make us the more fervent and relisned
in our dircft and 4;)!emn devotions, by the per-
ceiving of our weskneft. tuykr,
Dry'n'DRSE. n /. \_dry and iiurfs.]

1. A woman who brings up and feeds a
child without the breaft.

2. One who takes care of another: with
fo.Tie contempt of the perfon taken care
of,

Mrs. Quickly is his nurfe, or his rlryrtarfr, or
his cock, or his laundry, his waflier, and hii
W'.inger. itatefj:etr^.

To Dav'KURSE. 1'. a. [from the noun.]
To feed without the breaft. »

As Romulus a wilt'Ji.l rear.
So he wa5 drymir:\i liy .1 bear. Hrdiirss.

Dry's HOD. adj. [dry mxd/ied.] Without
wet feet ; without treading above the
Ihoes in the water.

He had embarked us in fuck difadvantage, a«
wc could not return dryjhcd. SiJnty,

Dry/hod to pafs, (he parts the floods in twiy 5
And eke huge mountains from their nritive lent

Shi; would coromar.d themfdves to bear away.
^'■liijr S^iau

Has honour's fountain then fuck'd back tbe
ftream ?
He Iu5i and hooting boyi may dry/bad t'^t.
And gather pebblts from the naked ford. V'yderr.

Du'ai.. tt'/j. [dua/h, Latin.] ExpreiCng
the number two.

Modern languages have enly one variation, an4
fo the Latin; but the Greek and Hebrew hav;
one. to figiiify two, and another to fi2nify more
than two I under one variation the noun is laid to
be of the dual number, and under the other of tlie
plural. CUrkSi Lal]n Gram'tlar.

ToV>\J'Q,'v.a. [bubbanzopibsfiii, Saxon;
ndduyha sill riddai-a, Jflandick, to dub a
knight, Adjuhba, in its primary fenfc,
fignifie* to /Irike, knighta being .made
by 3 blow with the fword.j

I. To irrafec r man a knight.

Knigiit, knight: gooj mi'tne r ' Dafilifco like
What I I am dM'd; I havu it o» my (houHor.'

ahjltij'pe.irf,

Th* robot which thr kings then ello«ed to each
knight, tt-hen he wis Jubicd, of green, or burnet,
as tl;ey fjiake in that age, appejiefh upon rctord.
Cawdtn'i Rima'iMi,

The kln^ (lood up updar his cloth of ftate, took
tha fword from t!ie 1 j:d protcftor, and dvUti tlio
lord mayor f-nnJonltnl|iht. H-iywiirdtn Ed, VI,

3. To confer »iy kind of dignity, or new
charafter,

The Jonlous o'erworn widow and herfelf,
Since that our brother duH'd them gentlirwomon.
Art mightji jolTips in this monnrchy. ^4, SjV. Ul,

Ha
Gave theenolnftancewhy theu Oio«!dftdotrea|'i[,
Unlefl 10 (^vithMwiih tbenameoftraitiir, Sb.ik,
Women commence by Cvnld's dait,
A« « king hiintln| M<ii a ha'rt, C'rvtt'iitif.

A plain gentleman, of »n anelcnt family. i% of
better qunlity th»n 3 new iioitlit, ihouih tha' taafon
of his dutlinz was meritorioui. cJlirt fk ffU^
O poet! thou hadiV be«n difj Mtw,
Hanging th." mwarv-h's bjit (ii high.

If th"u hadft duih'i thy ftjr a meteor,
That did \t%\ bia^e, and rove, aad die. JPiV.
4 r~.l^l Tb«t|

DUG

Thrfc demoniaclu let me dab
With the name of Icgian club. SnuJft.

A man cf wealth is Juib'd a man of worth ;
V^nus fhallgive him foim, and Anltisbinh. Pcye,

Dub. n. /. [from the verb.] A blow; a
knock.

As Ikllful coopers hoop their tubs
WithLytiin anJ with Phrygian </**». Hniihras.

DuBio'siTY, »./. [from (/a^ew.] A thing
doubtful. A word not ufed.

jMen often fwallow falfities for truths, dubioftiii
for certainties, feaiibilitics for p'^SibilitJcs, anU
things impoflibie for poffible. Bnu-n'sfiilg. Err.
DU'BIOUS. at/j. yuiius, Latin.]
I. Doubting; not fettled in an opinion.
ii. Uncertain; that of which the truth is
not fully known.
No quick reply to dukisut queflioos make.

Derbam.
Wc alfo call it a Juthut or doubtful propoiiiion,
»hen there are no arguments on either fide.

ft'tili^s LcgUk.

3. Not plain; not clear.

Sdtan with Id's toil, and now with cafe.
Wafts on the calmer wave, by dubhus light. MiUoti*

4. Having the event uncertain.

Ills utmoft powV with advcrfe povv'roppo.<(*d.
In dubious battle, on the plains of heav'n. Afi/roit.

Du'biously. adv. [from dubious.'] Un-
certainly ; without any determination.

Authors write often dubicujiy, even in matters
wherein is expected a ftrifi definitive truth.

Brtrwns Vulgar Errfiurs.
Almanack-makers wander in general, and talk
Jubkujly, and leave to the reader the bulinefsof in-
teipreting. Sv/i/i.

Du'biousness. n./. [from dubious.'] Un-
certainty ; doubtfulnefs.

She fpeaks with dubloujmfi, not with the certainty
of a goddefs. ^ Broonie.

DU'BITABLE. adj. [dubi/e, Lat.] Doubt-
ful ; uncertain ; what may be doubted.

Pubita'tion. ft./, [dubilatio, Latin.]
The a£l of doubting ; doubt.

Many of the ancients denied the antipodes ; but
the experience of our enlarged navigation can now
aflert them beyond all dubiialim.

Brown^i Vulgar Erreurt.

Duhitautm may be called a negative perception j
that is, when 1 perceive that what I fee is not
wiiat I would fee. Crew.

Du'cAL. adj. [from daie.] Pertaining to

a duke : as, a ducal coronet.
Du'cAT. n./. [from duie.] A coin ftruck

by dukes : in filver, valued at about

four shillings and fix pence ; in gold, at

nine (hillings and fix pence.

1 cannot inrtantly raifc up the grofs
Of full three thoufand ducats. Shakffpeare.

There was one that died in debt : it was re-

|!Oted,wh-ie his creditors were, that he was .dead:

one faid, he li:ith carried five hundred '</iirof> of

mine into the other wotM. Baccn.

DUCK. n./. [aaas ; dtukcn, to dip, Dut.]

1. A water fowl, both wild ^nd tame.

TliC ducU, that heard the prociam ttion cried,
And fear'd a profecution m ght betide,
Fuil t^entjf mile from town their voyage take,
Obfcure in rtilhes of the liquid lake. lirjdin.

Grubs, if you lind your land fubjeO tc, turn
ducii into it. Afiriirnh's Flujoandry.

2. A word of endearment, or fondncfs.

Will you buy any tape or lace for /our cap.
My dainty liuct, my dear-a ? Siak. tVwttr'i Tale.

3. A declination of the head ; fo called
from the freqaent aftion of a duck in
the waier.

Back, diephcrds, back; enovgh your play
Till next funfiiioe bolyday ;

DUG

Here be without dack or nod,

Other trippings to be trod.

Of lighter toes, and fuch court gulfe

As Mercury did firft devife. M'lhcji,

4. A Hone thrown obliquely on the water,
fo as to ftrike it and rebound.

Neither crofs and pile, nor duckt and drakes,
arc quite fo ancient as handy-dandy.

ylrbutbnel and Pope.

To Duck. t. ti. [from the noun.]

1. To dive under water as a duck.

The varlet faw, when to the flood he came.
How without ftop or flay he fie.cely leaptj

And deep himfelf he ducked in the fame.
That in the lake his lofty creft was lt«ept.

Fain Sluecn.

Let the labouring bark climb hills of (eas
Olympus high, and duik again as low
As hell's fiom heaven. Sbaieffeart't OtbelU.

Thou art wickedly devout;
In Tiber ducking thrice by break of day. Dryden,

2. To drop down the head, as a duck.

As fome raw youth in country bred.
When at a Ikirmidi firft he hears
The bullets whiflling round his ears.
Will du<k his held afide, will ftart,
And feel a trembling at his heart. Siri/r.

3. To bow low ; to cringe. In Scottilh
duyi, otjuyi, to make obeifance, is ftill
ufed.

I cannot flatter and look fair.
Smite in men's faces, fmooth, deceive, and cog,
Duck with French nods, and apiflt courtefy. Shak.

The learned pate
Ducks to the golden fool. Sbakefpeare^s Timon.

To Duck. 1/. a. To put under water.
Do'cKER. It./, [from duck.]

1 . A diver.

2. A cringer. DiS.
Du'cKiNGSTOOL. »./. [duck ahd y?W.]

A chair in which fcolds are tied, and
put under water.

She in the diiciingjfoo! Ihould take her feat,
Dreft like herfelf in a great chair of ftate. Darfcf.

Reclaim the obftinately opprobrious and virulent
women, and make the duckingftxl more ufeful.

j^iidifcn^s Freeboldcr.

D u c K L f/c o e d . adj. \duck and leg.] Short
legged.

DuckUgg'd, (hort waifted, fuch a dwarf (he is,
That Ihe muft rife on tiptoes for a kifs.

Drydens Juvenal.

Du'cKLiNC. »./. [from </»fi.] A young
duck ; the brood of the duck.

DuiklirrgSf though hatched and led by a hen, if
ihe brings them to the brink of a river or pond,
prefently leave her, and in they go.

Ray on tie Creation.
Ev*ry morn
Amid the ducklings let her fcatter corn.

Gay's Pajlorah.
Du'cKMEAT. n. /. [duck and meat; lens
palujlris.] A common plant growing in
Handing waters.
To Ducko'y. 'V. a. [miilaken for daoy :
thedecoy beingcommonly pr^ii'ed ujxin
ducks, produced the crrour.] To entice
to a fnare.

This filh hath a flender membranous firing,
which he projefls and draws in at plcafun-, as .<
fcrpent doth his tongue: with this he ducktys little
filhcs, and preys upon them. Cre^u.

Duckco'y. «. yr Any means of enticing
and enfnaring.'

Seducers have found it the mod compendious

way to their defigns, to lead captive filly women,

and make thcjn the ducktcys to their whole family.

Decay of Piety.

Dtr'cKSFooT. n. /. Black fnakeroot, or
Mayapple.

DUE

Du'ckwbed.w./ [duck and itteed.] The
faine with duckmeat.

That we call duckweed hath a leaf no bigger than
a thyme leaf, but of a frelher green ; and putteth
forth a little ftring into the water, far from the
bottom. Bacon.

Duct. »./. [duffus, Lat.]

1. Guidance; direftion.

This d.)ftrine, by faflening all our adions by a
fatal decree at the foor of Cod's chair, leaves no-
thing to us but only to obey our fate, to follow the
dulJ of the (lars, or nccclTity of thofe irony chains
which wc are b rn under. Hammond.

2. A paflage through which any thing is
conduf^ed : a term chiefly ufe^ by ana-
tomilb.

A duU from each of thofe cells ran into the root

of the tongue, where both joined together, and

palTed forward in one common dufl to the tip of it.

yiddi/en's SptSlator,

It was obferved that the chyle, in the thoracicfc

duSl, retained the original Ufte of the ailment.

ylrbuibnci on AlimeKls,

DU'CTILE. adj. [duailis, Lat.]

1. Flexible; pliable.

Thick woods and gloomy night
Conceal the happy plant from human fight !
One bough it bears; but, wond'rous to behold !
The duSiilc tind and leaves of radiant gold.

Dryoen^s ^rttij.

2. Eafy to be drawn out into length, or
expanded.

All bodies duSile and tenfile, as metali>, that
will be drawn into wires ; wool and tow, (hat will
be drawn into yarn or thread ; have the appetite of
not difcontinuing ftrong. Bacon.

Gold, as it is the purcft, fo it is the foftcft and
mod duffiie of all metals. Drydet,

3. Tradable ; obfequious ; complying ;
yielding.

He generous thoughts inftiDs
Of true nobility ; forms their du{3ile minds
To human virtues. Philips,

Their dcfigning leaders cannot deCre a more
du^ile and eafy people to work upon.

Aldijles Freeboldcr.
Du'cTi LE N ESS. »./ [ffom dui'Ule.] Flexi-
bility ; duftility.

I, when I value gold, may think upon
The du^ilenefsf the application ;
The wholefomenefs, the ingenuity.
From ruft, from foU, from fiie ever free. Donne,
Ducti'lity. n./. [from ducliU,]
\. Quality of fufFering extenfion; flexibi-
lity.

YbIIow colour and duCtility are properties of
gold : they belong to all gold, but not only to
gold i for falfron is alfo yellow, and lead is duc-
I'tl'. _ Watt's Ligick,

2. Obfequioufnefs ; compliance.

Do'dgeon. n./. [dolch, German.]

1 . A fmall dagger.

It was a ferviceablc dudgeon.
Either for fi jhting or for drudging. Hudihas,

2. Malice; fullenncfs; malignity; ill will.

Civil dudgeon firft grew high.
And men fell out they knew not why. UuMbras.
, The cuckoo took this a little in dudgeon.

L' EJlrange,

DUE. adj. The participle pallive of oaw.

[dii, French.]
I . Owed ; that which any one has a right
to demand in coiifeqiience of a compadl,
or for any other re.iibn.

Theit is duehom the judge to the advocate fame
commendation and gracing, where caufes are well
handled and fair pleaded. There is likewife dnt to
the public a civil rcprehcnfion of advocates, where
there appeareth cunning, jrofs neglcdi, or llight .
infotisation, Baan.

Mirth

» U E

13 U K

to us frstn his vtracrty. Smalridgt'i S,rmc,r,!.

TiiEri is a rsfpett lAr to mmkir.J, which (h')u)d

.Incline ever the wiltft oi ni«n to follow Innocent

caftom.. ^|.^,„.

J. rruper. ; nt j appropnate,

0|/jx>rtunity moy b^ taken t> eicite, in pcrfoiis
»t»cndn? on tlioie f-ilf maitlss, a Jut lenfe of the
vi,;ity ol cartlilv ■,v.\,{utu,ni. /litiriury.

3. ExA^ ; without deviation.

You might Ice him omc tumrds me bcatipg
the ground in ib cui time, 45 no dancer can ob-
(crve luTter inraf.i;c. Sidney.

And Eve wiifam, dur at her hour, prepar'd
Fordinner favoury t;u'ts. Mjlicti.

4- Confeqiient to ; occafioncd or efFeded
by. Proper, but not ufugl.

The motion of the oily Jrops may be in part
d:ii to fome parr;.:! u>lutif)n made by the vinous
fpirit, which may tumble them to and fro. Boyle.

Pu E. aJv. [from the adjcflive.] Exadly •
difeaiy ; duly, The courfe is c/us call!
or due weft,

fcike the Poatick fra,
VThofi icy curruir, and compullivecourft.
Ne'er .■'ecl!:»:iring ebb, but kc^^s Jut on
To the Propontick and the Hcllcfpr.nt.
_ ^ ,, , Sl>ait/f,ar(-i Ottd.'s.

DCE. H./. [from the adjeftive.]
1. 1 hat which belongs to one ; that which
may be julily cl.^inicd.

My dut from thee i| fbis impmial crown,
Wli.ch, as immojiat* froijj tby place and blood,
P«nvei itfcW to m*. Hbaktiptart.

The n^n of Duncan,
From whom this tynnt holds the dm of birth,
I.iTe»intl«:En|lilhcf>urr. Sbjicfftare'iMa.l>eth.

Thou better Icnoiv'ft
rfFeSt of courtefy, iuii of jrarituijei
'i-^.y !;8 f o' ;h' kinsdom thog hsft not forgo>,
Wherein J thee endow'd. SlfK/peart; Khg Itar.
1 he dut ot honour in no point omit.
r . , . , , , Stat./peere'i Cymidm.

I t»Jce tnit {;ar)iind, not ?5 given by you,
Butai my merit and mv beaury'j dut. Dndn
No popular ailimbly ever kr^w, or propofcd, or
declared, «h it ihare of potvcr wai their dui. Swift.

t. Right} juA title, "^

1 he k>y of (l,ii infernal pit bv due,
And by tommand of heaven's all-poworfbl king
•k"'!- MiltJifaradiftl.rJI.

3. Whatever cuftom or law requires 50 be
done.

Befriend
Vt, thy vow'd pricftf, till outmofj end
Of_j|l thy V/wriw (jane, >n^ none left oqt. Mittri.
They pay tk- dead hi. .nnual duti. Dt-dtn

4. Cuftoro ; tribute j ejcaajorM , legal or
Cflftomary pcrtjuifjtet, *"

In refpeft . f -he exorbitant dun th»t «re peid
M moft other port}, this dcfcrMly retains tfie
name of free. jjjt

Va Dur. 1/. •. [from tht noun. J To pay
as due j perhapt for enMv. It is per-
haps cnly in this fmgle paflagc,

Th!i It the ijteft glory of their praife,
That I thy enemy d>it thee withal, ShahJ)>4i,rt.

DU'F.L.*./ [yw/Zaw, Latin.] A combat
betwean two ; 3 fingle fight.

In many armiei, if the matter (bould b« trijd bv
Ar' hetiveen two chjippions, the viflory ftould «.,
nn <f.e one Me ; and vet, if it fc, ^ied by the ^rof- ,
fj on th9 other fide. ' »

r\ « PfiCCn,

A. , , ,""•""'«" of y"»r«jht
A« of a dul, or ih« |<Jca| woundj

foujht"' ""'"*'' ''""^ ^""' "> ''*^ •>"'
Kb </#(/ €vci W3I more juftly f^ght. WtUir.

P u t

To I D u'k r DOM . »./ [from tiuke.']

I.

!!y 3t

- -„ — ^giit fo faftiionably and

genteelly haie been dvtUcd or gujfcd into another

the rlullengmg and fighting with a man is
called dueilirg. L'tlc.

To Do'et.. <v. «. To attack or fight with
fingjy.

, ^''"' Cngle

Duell'd th-ir ?rmic« rank'd in proud array,
[ Himfcif ^n .u-iny, now unequal match
To fave himfelt againlt a coward .irm'd.
At o.ie Ipear's len^-h. Milnr'i Agi>r.in».

DuELLkR. n.f. [from 4'«,-/.j A fiiigk
combatant.

They perhaps begin at (ingle iut'Mn, but then
they foon get their troops about them.
T» .. Dtcay of Piety.

Du £I,LIST./,./ [from.yW.]

A fmgle combatant.

\S the king ends the diHerenees, the cafe will
fa.l out no worfe than vvhcn tw > dtiflUpi enter the
field, where the worfted party hath his f.vorJ
agam, without fiirther hurt. Suckrmi.

Kcnceforth let poets, ere r.!lnw'd to writ-.
Be fearchd like d:,WM before they fight. U<y.l<,..

. One who profefles to Uudy the rules of
honour.
Hi» bought arms Mung not Ijk'd ; for hit flrU

djy
Of bearing tham in field, he threw "em away.

^f^'^*^-"/- ti'^'*»"0 the duel /the
role of duelling. ^

The gentleman will, for hii hono n'l fake, have
one bout with you I he cannot by the dutllc avoid

DVFNNA. n. /. [Spanilh.] An'oK^:
man kept to guard a younger.

I felt the ardour of my pafTion ipcreafc at the
(«.iljn advanced, till In the month of J„ly J couid
nc. longer contain , 1 bribed her ^a«»fl, wat ad-
mitted to the bath, faw her undreifed, and the won-
der difplaypd, ^riutL,,,! and Popt.

Dt/G. »./ [</^/^/^,togIveGjck, Iflandick.]

''k F^' ^ "'??'« i a ««: 'pokon of
beads, or in malice or coijtampt of hu-
man beings.

Of her there bred
A thoufjnd young one,, which Iho daily f.,),
Suckin* upon her poifonous d^g, ; ejch one
Of fundry (Ji.pe, yet ail ill.f.,voured. fairy ^«„.
1 hey are fitfl; fed and nouriftej with theTnilk
of a ftrang. rf„f M,if:>.-f m%,y.

rhenfl,.m:t,hegoat,whpf«bruti(h/:,„tu4lied
The laftnt Jove, and nurft his grqwjng pridel

3. It fecTis to have been ufed formerfy of
the^breaft, without reproach,

It was » faithlsis fouire t.hat was the fource
"* ,.' my forro^v, and of thefc fad tears i

With whom, from tender </«jfof common nourfe.
At one, I wa. up brought. Fairy Sl-f.n.

As mild and gentle as the cradje.babe,
Pying with snotTier-s d,g between its lips, Siei.
D V O . ^re/fr. and frirt. faff, of ^,V

They had often found medal., an? pipe, of
ead, js they dui amonj the ruhbifl,. ^l \„ Ual.

DUKE. n.f. idut, Prenchi <tu^, Latin.]
One of the higheft order of nobility in
hngland in rank a nobleman next to
the royal family.

Ch'l'i Will be hor( With him this night.

. 1 . Sbaktjpeart'i Kitr hrar.

Aurmarle, Surrry, and Exeter, mull lolj
The names of ^»i.-;, their litlea, dignities,
And wjistfoevcr j>rofit: tliwcby rife,

fftnitl'i Civil Ifar.

The feigniory or poffeflions of a duke,

Herbruthsr found a wife.
Where he himfclf was loit ; Prc.fpero his duittd.n
Jn a poor ille. Stahfpea>i; -Tarpfl.

Ilic cardinal never refigned his purple f ,r c!.e
prolpea ot giving an heir to the duktdm of Tuf.
cany. 1 1 1 ,

2. inc title or quality of a duke.
D u 'l B a A I .V E D . adi. [ dull and Lrain. ]
Stupid J doltift ; "foolifti.

This arm of mine hath chaflh'd
The petty rebel, A«/a;ryBuckingham. Ut,U%.

yjv Lzz-r. adj. [dukis. Lat.l
I. Sweet to {he tafte ; lufcioits..

Fio.T) fweet kernels preii'd.
She tempers dumi creams ; nor tiicle to hold
Wants Ihc fit veiTels pure. Mutn

z. Sweet to the ear ; harmonious : melo-
dious.

. ' '*' "pon a promontory,

And heard a mermaid, on a dolphin's back.
Uttering iiu:h duUet and harmonious breath,

i hat the rude lea grew civil ,t her fong. Sbahrt^.
„ . Afabrickhuge ^^''

Kofe like an exhalation, with the found
Wduhtt fymphanies, and voices fweer. Mi'i<^^

Dulcif.ca'tion. ,./ [from dt^ldfy.]
1 he aft of fA-eetening ;■ the aft of free.
ing from acidity, faltnefs. or acrimony.

In colco-har the exafteft calcination, followed
byan exquilite duldfic^tim, does not reduce the re
mammg body .n:o elementary e.utii ; for after the
lalt of vitnol, if the calcination h.ive been to^
faint, IS drawn out of the colcothar, the reddue is
not earth, but a niixt body, rich in medical vir.
tues. _

7i DU'LCIFY. n,. a. {duldfier, Fr.l To
fweeten ; to fet free from acidity, fait,
nefs, or acrimony of any kind.

A decoftion of wild gourd, or colocynthij,
though fomewhat qualified, will not from «verr
hand be dulciftd into aliment, by an addition of
fiour or meal. »

I drefli:d him with a pledglf. dipt in a d7kmed
tinftur. ot vitriol, H^.ftman', SurfJ.

Spirit of wine dMfii: fpirit of (alt; nitre of v1.
triol have other bad elJias. ArhuthZt en Mmt.L
Uu LCIMER, • - • ■ --

-~ •"■"•■Ml k'l ^tttTFirfiHa

. r- , , "■ •'• y<'''''»'^!l<', Shttner.l
A mufical mnrument played by ftrikini
the brafs wires with little fticks. i

Ye hear the found of the cornet, flute, har«
facktut, plaltory, dii/ciwer, and all kinds of mu!

Tij^DU'LCORATE. ^. «.'[n-oSA/W^

I. To fweeten,

1 he arcicr,., foi the duln-ailiv of fruh, d.
commend fwine's dung above all other dung. B^c
2.10 make lefs acrinaonious.

Turbith minar.J,as it is fold !n the Oiops, Is a
rough c^dicme; but, being fomewhat ,/j,/„rW.
firft procuteth voroumg, ,ad then falivation.
Tx , ff'ij'man't Surt'tr't,

i he aft t)f fweeteninj, ■

Malt g^tbcrcth a Iwectnefs to the taflo, which
iippoarath in the wort , tl>e duk^raii^n of thinst It
worthy to b. tried to the fnllj for that </W«rj?,to„
miporteth a decree to nouiilhmont : and tlio
malsing of things inafimont jl (o become alimcnul
may be an experiment of great profit. £<?»«'

DY>"t*P- »■/ [M «nd ,*W.] A
blockhtiadj a wretch foolilh and ftupJdj
a dolt, '^ *

This people b« fooli and dulttads t« all good-
fh'ief. ' *"""'"«' '^^ l""^'' '" «nx mif.

^">y- ''-/.P-i^-'^.] An inffnW
Kindotadorauon. > •

4 r » " riisotos

t) U L

Filfotiii ftith, that the fjme worflilp slikh W
gifrn tt» the prot.»typc nuy be given to tiie image j
buc with the diBcreiU degrees of latria ind ttulia'-

Sii.'.ugjiict.

DULL. aJj. [Jnvl, Welih ; bole. Saxon ;

dol, mad, Duich.]
I. Stupid; doltiih ; blockiih ; un.ippre-

henlive ; indocile ; flow of undcrlland-

ing.

Such is their evil bap to play upon dull fpirited
men. Jleoier.

He that hath lenmed nn wit by nature, nor aiti
jnay complain of grofs breeding, or comes of a
very i^i*// kiadreil. Shjktff^arc^

Som*.'times this perception, in fome.kind ot
bodies, is far more fubtilc t'lan the fenfe ; fj that
the fenfc is but a JaU thing in compariion of it.
B'con'i Naiural Uijlar^.

Every man, even the Sullijl, is thinking more
than the moll eloquent can teach him how to ut-
ter. Drydtn.

3. Blunt; obtufe.

Meeting with Tim<r, Slack thing, faid I,
Thy fey the is dull; whet it, for (hame. Htrheri.

3. Unre.idy ; awkward.

Gynccia a great while flood ftill, with a kind of
dull amazement, looking fledfallly upon her.

Sidnty,

O help thou my weak wit, and Ovarpen my dull

tongue. Fairy ^een.

Memory is (o necefTary to all conditions of lite,

that we are not to fear it Ifaould grow dull for want

of exercife, if excrcife would make it ftronger.

Luit.

4. Hebetated ; not quick.

This people's heart is waxed grofs, and their

ears are du/l of hearing. Aialt. xiii. 1 5.

The princes of Germany had but a dull fear of

the greatnefs of Spain, upon a general apprchen-

fion i now that fear is lliarpened and pointed.

Saceu,
3 . Sad ; melancholy.

6. Sluggifti; heavy; flow of motion.

Thenceforth the waters waxed dull and llow.
And all that drunk thereof did faint and feeble
grow. Spevj'er.

7. Grofs; cloggy; vile.

She exceis each mortal thing
Upon the dull earth dwelling.

Shakeff, Tvjo Gtmlemtn of Vrrona,
t. Not exhilarating ; not delightful : as,
to make diSlionaries is dull ivark,

9. Not bright : as, the mirrour, it dull, the
fire is dull.

I'll not be made a foft and dull-cytd foo\,
To (hake the head, relent, and figh, and yield
To chriftian intetceflbrs. Shai. Al:rcb. ifVenkt.

10. Drowfy ; fleepy.
to Dull. t/. a. [from the adje£live.]
I. To ftupify ; to infatuate.

So wai; Hie dulled with all, that we could come
fo near as to hear her fpecchcs, and yet (Tie not
perceive the hearers of her lamentation. Sidnty.

Thnfe drugs (he has
Will ftupify and dull the fenfe awhile.

&haktffiarc'i Cymbtl'mi.

3. To blunt ; to obtund.

Borrowing dulli the edge of induftry. Shakejf.
This entrance of the battle did whet the couraj,c
of the Spaniards, though it dulled their fwords.

3. Tofadden; to make melancholy.

4. To hebetate ; to weaken.

Now forc'd tp ovc.riow with bracki(h tears.
The troublous noifc did dull their dainty ears.

Spfnfer.

Nothing hath more dulkd the wits, or taken

away the will of childrcu from learnir.g, than care

in making of Latin. j^fjjam.

5. To damp ; to clog.

Prayers were (hort, as if dir^s thrown out with n
fuddea<iuickr.cfs, kli that vigilant and eic^ attea-

D U M

(ion of mind, which in prayer is very necelTary,
(boulj be walled or dulhd thiougli continuance.

Ih'.klr.

In bodies, luiion (Irepgtbencth and cherirtieth
any nitural liWna j and, on tiie other fide, wak-
enocti and dulhib any violent imprelTion : and
even f.> is it of minds. Bact/ti.

6. To make heavy, or flow of motion.

Ufury dulli and damps a'l induftries, wherein mo-
nry Would befVirrirg, Ifi; were not for the (lug. Bac.

7. To fully btighinefs.

The brcatii dulli the mirrour* Bamr.,

Do'i. LARu. ». /. [from </«//.] A block-
head ; a dolt ; a llupid fellow ; a dunce.

What ! ni.ik'd th'iu me a dullard in iliis aft ?
Wilt thou not fpeak to me ? Hbokrffi* Cymbdint.

Thou moll m '.kc a dullard of the world.
If they not thought the profits of my death
Were very pregnant and pote.itial fpurs
To niriic thcc ftek it. Sbakijpeare't Kirg Lter

Du'llv. affv. [from Jull-I
I. Stupidly ; doltiflily.

It is not fufHcient to imititc nature in every cir-
cumftance dully^ literally, and meanly j but it be-
comes a painter to take what is moll beautiful*

Orydeti's Dufrefmy.

Z. Slowly ; fluggilhly.

The air, if it be moid, doth in a degree quench
the f.ame, and howfoever maketh it burn m >re
dully. Bacon,

3. Not vigoroiifly ; not gaily ; not bright-
ly ; not keenly.

Not that 1 think thofe pantomimes,
Who vary aOion with the times.
Are lefs ingenious in their art
Than thofe who dully atl one part. Hudiirai.

Du'lness. »./ [from </«//.]

1. Stupidity; weaknes of intellefl; in-
doci'.ity ; flownefs of apprehenfion.

Nor is the dulr.fji of the Icholar to extinguKh,
but rather to inflame,' the charity of the teacher.

Scutb.

Shadwcl alone my perfc-fl image bears.
Mature in dulnefi from his tender years. Dryden.

2. Want of quick perception.

Nature, by a continual ulc of any thing, groweth
to a fatiety a.id duhifs either of appetite or work-
ing. BacGtt,

3. Drowunefs ; inclination to fleep.

Here ccafe more quellions ;
Thou art inclin'd to ileep. 'Tis a good dufnffs,
And give it way. Shakefftarii Ttmfe^,

4. Sluggilhnefs of motion.

5. Dimncfs ; want of luilre.

6. Bluntnefs; want of edge.
Du'ly. adv. [from «W.]

1 . Properly ; fitly ; in the due manner.

Ever fince they firmly have retained.
And duly well obferved his behead. Sfex/er.

My prayers
Are not words duly hallcw'd, nor my wilbes
More worth than vanities ; yet prayers and wifhci
Arc all I can return. Sbaiifpeare's Henry VIII.

In the body, when the principal parts, as the
heart and liver, do their offices, and all the infe-
riour fmaller veflels aft orderly and duly, there
arifes a fweet enjoyment upon the whole, which wc
call heslth. Scuib.

If attention be du,y engaged to thofe rcfleftions,
they cannot fail of influence. Rogers.

2. Regularly ; exaftly.
Seldom at church, 'twas fuch a bufy life;

But duly fent his family and wife. Pvfe.

DUMB. •u/J. [dt], he was filent; dumbs,
Gothick: bumbe, Sa.von ; dum, Da-
nilb ; tlom, Dutch, dull.]

I. Mute; incapable of I'peech.

It hath plealed himfelf fometime to unloofe the
very tongues even ot dun: b creatures, and to teach
them to picaJ in their own defence, left the ciucity
of naa Ihould perfift to ail^ift them. hooker.

DUM

They fp ake not a word |
But like </iiwi llatues, or unbiejthing llon<i,
Stjr'd each on other. Sbake/feare't Ricburd III.
borne p')fttive terms ftgnity a negative ideal
blind implies a privation o» fight, dumb a denial of
• r'ech. tyntli I Logid-

z. Deprived of fpeech.

They fung no itiore, or only fung his fame ;
Struck dumb, they all admir d the godlike man,

Drydin,

3. Mute ; not uCng words.

He is a pioper nv.ui's pifture; hut, alas! who
can cor.vcrlc with a dunb (h.-.w ?

Sbaifjfeare's Mtrebatii ef J^trnce,

His gentle dumb exprclfion tuin'd at length
The cjc of Eve to mark his play. Millm.

Her humble gellures made the refidue plain,
Dumb eloquence perfuading more than fpeech.

Rtje.mpiiit*

For he who covets gain in fuch excefs
Does by dumb (jgns himfelf as much exprefs.
As if in words at length be (how'd his mind.

Dryden s Juvenal.

Nothing is more common than for lovers t»
complain, relent, languilh, defjiaii, and die la
dumb (how. Addijon,

4* Silent ; refufing to fpeak.

The good old fecr wlthftood
Th' intended tiealon, and was dumb to bSod ;
Till tir'd with endlels clamours, and purfuit
Of Ithacus, he (lood no longer mute. Dryd. JEn.

Du'mbly. adv. [from dumi.] Mutely ;

filently ; without words.
Du'mbness, »./ [fromAw^.]
I. Incapacity to fpeak.
z. Omiffion of fpeech ; mutenefs.

There was fpeech in their dumbnefs, language ii»
their very gcfture : they looked as they had heard
of a world ranfonied, or one dedroyed.

Sbakcjfeare'i H'lrrer's Tale,
To th' dumbttefi oi the gedurc
One might interpret. Sbakefp. Timon of Athens.
3. Refufal to fpeak ; filence.

'Tis love, faid (he ; and then my downeaft eves.

And guilty dumhntfi, witnefs'd my lurpri/e. Dryd.

To Du'm fou n d. 1;. a. [from dumb.] To

confufe ; to ftrike dumb. A low phrafe.

They had like to have dumfiunded the jurtice;

but his clerk came in to his airiC.ance.' Sfiliatir.

DUMP. n.f. [from dam, llupid, Dutch.]

1. Sorrow; melancholy; fadnefs.
Sing no more ditties, fiog bo mo

Of dumps fo dull and heavy ;
The frauds of men were ever lo,

Since fommerfird was leafy. Sb.MucbAdt,
■ Vific by night your lady's chamber vilndow
With fome fweet confort; to their indruments
Tune a deploring dumf : the night's de.id fticnce
Will well become fuch fweet complaining grievance.

Shaktff'eare.
Funerals with (lately pomp
March (lowly on in folemn dump. h'udibras.
The fquire who fought on bloody dumps.
By future bards bewail'd in doleful dumps.

Gay's Paji orals.

2. Abfence of mind; reverie. Locke ufei
dumps fingularly.

'I his Ihame dumps caufe to well-'ored people,
when it carries them away from the company.
, Locke.

Dv MfisH. adj. [from dump.] Sad; me-
lancholy ; iorrowful.

New year, forth looking out of Janus' gate.
Doth feem to promifc hope of new delight ;

And bidding th' old adieu, his palled date
Bids all old thoughts to die in dumpijb fpight.

Spenfer*

The life which I live at this age it not a dead,

dumpi/h, and four life; but chearful, lively, and

pleafant. Habere.

DuMPLiNo. n. /. [from dumf, heavi-

nefs.] A fort of pudding.

Pudding and Jumpling burn to pot. Dryder.

DUK,

\

DUN

Dun. auj. [ban, Saxon.]

I. A colour partaking of brown and black.

We are not to eitpeil a rtrong and full white,
fuch as is that of paprr j tut Liiije duficy oLIcui ;
cnt', fuch as might a:ac'#'jm a mixtuit; of llgiit
an;i daricr.ei-, or from white and Wick, that is, a
grey, or dim, or ruflit ijrowa. f/m-hn'i Oftkis.
Z. Dark ; gloomy.

Come, thick night !
And pali thee in the iur.reft luiolte of hell. ^hcl.

He then fun-ev'd
Hell and the go!ph between, and Satan there
C ja.ting the wall of l;eaven on this fide.
In I'le dun a'.r fub.'iir.e. Mi'ion's ParaJife I.r,JI.
To DUN, I', a. [bunan, Saxoii, itj cla-
mour.] 'i'o chitn a debt with vehe-
mence and i.Tipcrtunity.

E-rrcw o;' ibj t^i'x, and borrow of thy bjlly :

they "H never alk tJiee again. 1 fliall be dunning

tVee every day. £^ci.

V/hen thou a'v-r'J! th.ir paren-s, feldom rriPN,

"Without a fuit be.\>rc cru tTibuae,pay. Oiyd.'J^-v.

I remember what ihc won :

A* J hath fli; (e. t fo fc^on to dun f S-u-ifi.

DwN. »./. [•from the verb.] A clamorous,

importunate, troublefome creditor.

'1 iius, while my i'.ylefs minutes tedious flaw, i
With looks demure, .and filent pace, idun,
Horrible morfter! hated by gods and men.
To my «-ria! cirai.l afcend^. Pt-lipi,

It grieves my .-ej t to be pulJeJ by the fleeve b\
ibmc raUaily liun — bir, remember my bill.

ylriuibmi't Jehu Bull.

Dunce, n. /. [.A word of uncertaiii
etymology ; periiaps from dum, Dutch,
fiupid.] A dullard ; a dolt ; a thick-
fcull ; a ftupid, indocile animal.

Dun c at till- b;!>, in ftreets but fcarce allow'd
To tickle, on thy ft;aw, the ftupid crowd. Drydcn.

Wai Ep'phanius f i great a duitce to imagine a
thin;, i idifiireiit in itfcli, fliould be direflly oppo-
fite to the law of Gjd i Sti.>fii:/firt.

I never kn:w this to*n without </Bnr{i if rigurc,
who had ir d t er.ough to giie rife to fome row

DUNG. «./ [bmej, Saxon.] The excr^e-
ment of animals ufed to fatten ground.

For dung, all excrements are the refufe and pu-
trefaftioni of nouiiflimcnt. Sjc.n'i Nui. liy.iiry.

1 judge the likclieft way to be the perforation ni
the body of the tree in fcvcral places, one above the
other; and the filling of the holes «i-ith dur.g,
mingled with the medicine; and the watering i.f
thofe lumps of </i(i»j with fqiiirts of an inlufion of
the medicine in dunged water, once in three or
four days. Baccnt Natural Hiflwy.

For when from herbs the pure part muft be won
From grnf» by "ftilling, this is better done
By defpis'd dung than by the fiie or fun. Dcnnc.
He foon would learn to think like me,

And blefs his rav'iih'd eyes to fee

Such order from confufion fpr'ing,

Such gaudy tulips rais'd from dung. Swift.

To Dung. -v. a. [from the noun.] To
manure with dung.

It vias received qI old, that dunging of grounds
when the weft wind blowcth, and in the decreafc of
the moon, doth greatly help. Bacant Nat. HiJI.

There, as his drea.-n foretold, a cart he found.
That carried compoft forth to dung the ground.
, Drydrn,

Dy NCEOw. n.f. [from donjon, the tower
in which prifoners were kept, whence
all prifons eminently ftrong were in
time called dungeiiin.~\ A dole prilon :
generally fpoke of a prifon dark or lub-
terrancous.

Then up h: look the (lumbered fenfelefi corfe,
AnJ, ere he c-.uid out of his fwoon awake,

Him to his caftle brought with hafly force.
And in a durgen deej hinj thiew without remorfe.

S^enjtr,

D U P

V/eknowno'thatthekingofheav'n hath JDom'd
This place oar durtggoa ; not our (afe ictrcat
Beyond his potent ar'p. Uli.'ion'i Varad.Je l.'.ft.

No'v from the north
Of Norumbeque, and the Sa-.nocd Ciore,
Bur.ijog their brazen i/a/j^.vr r arm'd with ice.
And fnow, aad hail, comu iKriry j-uft and fliw.

Riuton.

By iaiagin.nio.T, a ir.an in a dungi^nii znfjax a'

entertaining himlelf with fcenes and landicapes,

more beautitiul than any chat can be found in the

whole compais of rature. jijn'ifttn.

Du'ngfork. n./, [duvg znd/orL] A

forkto tofs out dung from ftables.

Dungfarh and paddles are common eiery where.

^ Mcr timer.

Dv NCHiL. »./ [dung and hill.]

1. An heap or accumulation of dung.
I, his brother, gain nothins; under him but

growth ; for the which his anim«ls on his durg-
Lili are ^much bound to h\n\ as I.

Sl..hcJiici2re'i j4s yt:u like it.

Two cocks fought a duel for the maftery of a
<!'"'f.H'- VEJlrangi.

Never enter into a league of friendfliip with an
ingratcfiil pe- fon j that is, plant not thy friendfliip
upon a dunghii ! it is too noble a plant for fo bale
» '"•!• South.

The i/on^i;/ having raifed a huge mulhroom oi
ftortdurition, is now fpread to enrich other men's
'^"J- Sivift.

2. Any mean or vile abode.

Hcihjjs a thoufand other wi.'rids, that lie
Remote from us, and latent in the Sky,
Arc lighten'd by his beams, and kindly nurft,
Of which our earthly ,lur.^hil is the WJrft. Dryd.

3. Any fituation of meannefj.

The poor he raifcth from the du!>,
Ev'n from the dungtit lifts the jufl. Sandys.

4. A term of reproach for a man meanly
born.

Out, dunghii! dar'ft thou brave a nobleman ?

Sbiikejpeare.

Du'kghil. adj. Sprung from the dung-
hii ; mean ; low ; bale ; vile ; vvorth-
lefs.

His i/j/)>{W/ thought*, which do themfclves enure

To dirty drofj, no higher date afpire.

^ Spenjer on Love,

Du'NGY.adj. [from dung.] Full ofdung ;

mean; vile; btife ; low; odious; wojth-

lefs.

We need no grave to bury hnnefly :
There's not a grain of it, the f.ice to fweeten
Of the whole dungy earth. Slak. H'mt.r'i 7Me.
Du'wcYARD. »./: [dung dind yard.] The
place of the dunghii.
Any manner of vegcubles cad into the dung-
3"^- Mr., timer .

DuNNER. n.f. [from dun.] One em-
ployed in foliciting petty debts.

They arc ever talking of new liiks, and fcrve

the owners in getting them cullomers, as their

common rfa/iBtri do in making them pay.

.p^ Spiltator.

DuoDE CUPLE. adj. [duo and decuplus,

Latin.] Conftlling of twelves.

Grifeplius, a Ica.nci i^olander, endeavours to

eflablifli the dmdicupU proportion among the Je.vs,

by comparing fome padagcs of fcripture togctlici-.

Arbutbttot on Coim.

DUPE. n.f. [dupe, French ; from duppe, a
foolilh bird, cafily caught.] A credulous
man ; a man cafily tiicked. A modern
word hardly clhibliflied.

An ufurping populace is its own </»/>?, a mere
unjerworkcr, and a purchafec in trull for fome
fingle tyrant. Swift.

FirH (lave to words, then vaflal to a hamc,
Then dupt to party ; child and man the (ame,

Dutjiiitd.

To

D U R

To Dupe, <u. a. [from the noun,]
trick ; to cheat.

The th; .le a bigot keep, a genius cuit ;
Faichlcfi ;hrough piety, and dl/^'d tinuugh wit.

uxi PLE. aaj. [duplus, Latin.] Double;

one repeated.
•nDU'rLICATE. -v. a. [.-/;.///>», L.-ttin,]

1. To "double ; to enlarge by the repeti-
tion ot the firft number or quantity.

And fr me alterations in the brain duplicati that
which is but a (in^lc ofjoa to our undiftempercd
fentin:ents. - ^GUti-vilU.

2. To told together.
Du'pucATE. adj. [from the verb.]

/>i/.';<-(j/f proportion is the proportion of (qjares.
Th;is, in a rank of geometrical propurti.-ns, the
(irif term to the third is faid to ba i;i a dup.itate
ra.io of the fir!> to the fec.md, or as its fquare is
to the fquare of the fecond : 10 in 2, 4, ?, 16, the
ratio of 7 to 8 is a duplicite of that of a n; 4, ot
as the fijuarc of j to the fijuaie of 4.

Ptiilips. b'ai-ris, BaiUy..
It has been found, that the attraflion is almoit
recipioc^Hltin a i/i//..';.wr proportion of the diitance
o( the middle of the drop f.ora the concourfe of the
glalTes, v'.T. reciprocally in a fi.TipIc proportion, by
rcal'on of the fpreadingof the drp, and its touch-
ing each glafs in a larger furfjce ; and again recj-
pracallyin a fimple proportion, by reifon of the
a:tra£lions growing (irongcr within the fame qi:an-
tity of attraaing furfacc. Ncwtini O^tkh.

Du'pi, ICATE.

f. Another correfpon
dent to the firft ; a fecond tiling of the
fame kind, as a tranfcript of a paper.

Noth-ng is more needful f r perfei3irg the na-
tural hifioryof bodies, tiian the fubjcaing them to
the (ire ; to which end I h-ve rclerved duflkatL-s u(
the mod confiderable. Pycjikuurd

Duvlica'tion. »./ [from dup Lean:]

1. The aft of doubling.

What great pains hath been talAn concerning
the quadrature of a circle, and the duf.'icatlo,: of a
cu'oe, and fome otiier mathcmaticdl prohlcns.

■ H'd''! Origin ofUmikini.

2. The act of folding together.

3. A fold ; a doubling.

The peritoneum is a llrong membrane, every

where double; in the duylimtiins of which all the

vifcera of the abdomen are hid. ft^J,n:.-:n'i Sur^,

Du'pLicATURE. n.f. [from duplicateS]

A fold ; any thing doubled.

The lymuhcdudls, cither dilaceratcd orobflnifl--
cd, exonerate themlclves into the foldings, or be-
tween the duplictttures of the membranes.

, Riiy en thi Creation.

DupLi ciTV. ». /. [duplicis, Latin.]
I. Doubltnefs ; the number of two.

Th'istluflkity was ill cnrrivc-d to place one head

at both extremes, .and had been more tolerable to

have fet three or four at one. Brown's Vulg. Err.

Do not affeft duplidiics nor triplicities, itor any

certain number of parts, in your divifion of things.

. ff^iins's Logick.

2. Deceit; doublenefs of heart or of

tongue.
Durabi'lity. n.f. [durahilis, Latin.]
The power of lading; continuance;
endurance.

Stones, though in dignity of nature inferior un-
to plants, vet exceed them in lirmnefj of ibength,
or dtirabilily of being. Hooker.

Our times upon the earth have neither certainty
nor dtirahilir,'. RaUich's Hiflori.

DU'RABLE. adj. [durabiUs, Latin.]
I. Lalting ; having the quality of long
continuance.

The bines of his br^dy we may compare to the
hard rocks and (tones, and ih. icf irc ftroni. and
JuraLle, BuUigh's ifftri.

Witk.

T) tl R

WUh pins of ad«mint,
And c1>«inS| they maJe illfaft; too f ift they m* If,
Anf JtritUe .' Altlt-m'i Pararlijf Loft.

The gl()ii'« of her majcfty':. reign ought to b<r
recoidcd in words more durable than btafs, and
fuch ai our ^l^rtt; may read a tluuOnd ytars
hence. 5w./'.

2. Having faccelEve exiftcnce.

Time, though in eternity, applied
Tt> motion, meafuies all things duratlt
By prUent, pafl, and future. MMcn.

Dv'p.ABhtstts. a./. [ fiom tfuruile.]
Power of lalting ; continuance.

The diflerent contiltcnce and Jurablctn^t of the
fliatj whereof they confirt, ate more or lefs.

fyocdward*
A bad poet, if he cannot become immortal by
the goodnefs of hi« vcrfe, may by the dyrablenefi of
the metal that fupports it.

Addijon on ^ncUtil Midt2h*

Du'rablv. adv. [from durable.'^ In a
lafting manner.

There indeed he found his fane flourifliing, his
monuments engraved in marble, an^ yet more du-
rably in men's memories. Siilmy.

Du' RANGE, tt. /. [from durtffe, law

French.]
I . Imprifonment ; the cuftody or power

of a jailor ; a prifon.

Thy DjI, and Helen of thy noble thoughts,
Is in \ii\t Autanii \n>ii contagious prifon :
HauI'd tbithct by roechanick dirty hand:.

Shaitjpeare*
A poor, innocent, forlorn (iranger, languifting
In duraitcr, upon the falfe accufationi of a lying,
iafulent,whari(h woman. Souib.

There *s neither iron bar nor gate.
Portcullis, chain, nor bolt, nor grace )
And yet mendurtnct there abide.
In dungeons Icatce three inches wide, ffudii,
Notwich|iandiag the warning and example before
roe, I coimnitmyfelf to lafting <i«ri7rr».

Cofigrcve^s Old Ba<hthr,

z. Endur.-ince ; continuance ; duration.
A doubtful word.

Sick nature at that inftant trembled round,
Ard mother earth fi^h'J as Die felt the wound i
Of lio'.v Ih'rt dura no was this new made rtate j
How far more niijhty than heav'n's love, htll'f
hate I PryJtti.

©ura'tion. »./ [duraiie, Latin.]
I. A fort of diftance or length, the idea
whereof we get, not from the permanent
parts of fpace.but from the fleeting and
perpetually perifiiing parts of I'ucceflion.

Lscie.
c Power of continuance.

Duraim is * circumrtj.icc fo elTcntUl to happi-
ne^, that if «« conceived it poffible for the joys of
heaTtn iifelf to pals from us in an Inftant, we
fljould find ourfelv'ei not much concerned for the
attainment of them. Rctrrs,

3. Length of continuance.

Ariftotle, hy greatnrfs of aftion, does not only

mean it fhouM be great in its nature, but alfu In

iti duraiKn ; that It fltould hare a due length in it.

Mdifin'i Sftflai'jr.

To DURE. V. n. [dun, Latin.] ToUftj
to continue ', to endure.

The delights and pleafurcs of the world are moft
pleafing while they dun, Raleigb'i Hiftery.

Du'riful. adj. [from endure and /«//.]
Lafting ; of long continuance s durable.
Not in ufe.

The durr/ul ot\i, whofc fap is not yet dried,
It l«Bg ere it conceive the kindling fire (

But when it o««e doih burn, it doth divide
Oteat heat, aoil makcj Iii> AamM to hcav'n afpire.

Sj>enfrr.

PUS

TJv'reless, adj. [from durt.] Without
continuance ; fading } trtnfitorjr ; fliorc.
Not in {lie.

Vet were that aptitude natural, more Inclinable
to foUaw and emLrace the falf: and durriefi p'ea-
farcs of this Itage-play world, than to become the
fllJdow of GoJ. B.itigt'i lll/iory.

DVRESSE.n.f. [French; hai^lhip'. fe-
verity.]

|. Imprifonment ; conftraint ; confine-
ment.

2. [In law. J A pica ufed, by way of ex-
ception, by him who, being call into
prifon at a man's fuit, or otherwife by
threats, beating, &c. hardly ufed, fcals
any bond to him daring his reftraint.
This the law holds as invalid, and fup-
pofes to be conftrained. Cixvell.

Du'rikc. prep. [This word is rather a
participle from dure ; as, during life ; du-
rante 'vita, life eontimting ; during my
p/ea/vre, my pleafurc continuing the
fame.] For the time of the continuance
of; while any thing lafls.

If dur'tJ'g his childhood he be constantly and ri-
goroufly kept from drinking cold liquor whilll he
is hot, forbearance grows into a habit. /.^/r^r.

Du'rity. It./, [dureie, French; durus,
Latin.] Hardnefs ; firmnefs.

Ancients did burn fr.igments of marble, which
in time became marble again, at leait of indifl'^i-
luble diirity, as appeareth m the (landing theatres',
ffiitcn's jli chill fluri,
Irradiancy or fparkllng, fuvmd In many g' ms,
Is not difcoverable in this \ for it Cometh fhort of
their compaflnefs and duriiy.

Braivn's fulgar Brrtan,

Durst. The preterite of d«re.

The Chri'iians du*-Jf have no images of the Da-
lly, becaufethcy would rather die thandenle them-
felves with fucli an impiety, St'ill'intjlcit.

DUSK. adj. [d.iyfter, Dutch.]

1. Tending to darknefs, SeeDvJKy.

2. Tending to blacknefs ! dark-colourcd.

The hills, to their fupply,
Vapour and ohalation, t/o^ and moill,
Sent up amain. MJiiiCi Parfdift Lip.

Dusic. H.f, [from the adjeftive.]

1 . Tendency to darkqefs ; incipient ob-
fcurity.

I will wait on you In the diifl of th« 'evening,
with my fhow upon my back, Sptffjt-yr.

2. Darknefa of colour ; tendency to biack-
neft.

Some fprinkled freelcles on hh face wero |e«n,
Wh )fo duji (el off the whitenefs of the Ikin.

D,yd(n.

•To DutK. V. a. [from the noun.] To
m.ikc duflcifli, DOl.

Ts DutK. V. n. To grow dark » to begin
to lofe light or brightnefs ; to have lulire
diminifhed. Dift,

Du'sKiLv. adv. [from dujliy-l With a
tendency to darkneft or blacknefs,

Du'sKUH. adj. [hom d:iji.'\

I. Inclining to darkncfs j tending to ob-
feurity.

From his Infimal fumice forth he threw
H.ige Hames, that dimmed all the heaven's li^ht,
£nruird in dujk\p fmoke, and brimftope blue.

Spenjtr.

z. Tending to blacknef? j dark- coloured.

Sight is not contenud with fuOden departments
from one extreme to another ) therefore rather a
iupiif] <\ai\<iK than an abfolute black.

W«iv«fi ^rcbittHurt,

PUS

Pu'sKi8Hty.#</D. [ftomduJUiJh,^ CJoucW«
Jy ; darkly.

I'hc fawdult burned fair, till part ot tht candle
con Turned 1 the dull gathering about the fijaft,
made the fiull to burn dtfiijhij.

JJjcr.r'i t^'aiiirel Hijki)\
Du'sfcv. «dj, [from duJl; j duyfier, Dutch.)
I. Tending to darkncfs ; obfcure ; not
luminous.

Here lies the</(»|flv tortih of Mortimer,
Cholc'd with ambition of khe meaner fort. Sbak,

There fierce winds o'er i/b^ji valleys blow,
Whofe every putf bears empty (hades away. Pr^rf,

Through the plains of one continual day,
S|)t (hining monthi. purfue their even way ;
And fix fuccecJing urge their du^y flight,
Obfcur'd with vapours and o'crwhelm'd in night.

f'itr;

?. Tending to blacknefs ; dark-coloured j
not clear ; not bright<

They did plat
The means that <^/ly Dis my daughter got.

/ Sb.ieffeart,

It is not green, but of a dufy brown colour, -

PaciAl,
When Jove in iujky clouds involves the (Hies,
And the faint crffcent (hoots by tits before their e)ci.

Drjdn,
The AirfaM It of a d-.ifiy yellow colour.

IVocdvard,
By mlKifl^ fuch powders, we are not to cxpeiS a
(Vrong and lull white, f«ch as <5 that of paper j
hut fome dufiy oblcuro one, fueh «s might arifa
from > mixture of light and daikricfs, or from
white and black j that is, a grey, or dun. or ruiTet
hrown. Ntrvhn's Oftkki,

3. Gloomv ; fad; intelleftually clouded.

WiiiU he continues in life, this dvjty (cen^ of
horrour, this melancholy prolpeil of tiiial pcrdi.
tion, will fiv^u/iitl} 0£>jur to hi| fancy,

BmiUyi Scrmsnu

Uinhriel, a d^Jiy, melancholy fprite,
As ever fuMicd the fair face of light,
Down to the central earth, his proper fcene,
Repairs to fearc'i the gloomy cave of fpleen, Pcp^,

DUST. »./. [bupe, Saxon ; dui/?, Erfe.l
1. Earth or other matter reduced to finall
particles.

Thedufl
Should have afcended to the roof of hcav'n,
Rais'd by your n.ipulaus troops.

iibakcffturt't /Is.-^iiy end Cls'.J^iilnt.

Dufl helpeth the frultfuint-(s of tress, infomucK

as ihoj call daft upon them 1 that powdering, when

a lliower eonieth, maketh a foiling to th« tNc,

being liatth and water finely laid on.

Uartn'i N»t»ral Hifttry^

J. The grave ; the ftate of diflblation.

The f<cBtre, ha.-ninj, phyfick, mull
AH (ollaw this, ,>nd come to duff,

Statc/f cart's Cj/aielktt
Thou
Out of the ground wail taken, know thy birth (
For diifi thou art, and (hnlt la ditft r«tupn. lUUt,

J, A mean and dejefked ilate.

Gud taifoth up the poor out of (he daft, to f»t
them among princes, 1 Sem, ii..8»

Te fiujT. V. a. [from the noun.]
I , To free from duft,
3. To fprinklc with doll.
Du'»TUAN. ;?./, [du^ md Kian.) On»
whofe employment it.tocarry awav the
. daft.

The dfflman'i eart o/fjndi thy elothes and ayet,
When through tha ftreet a cloud of aOies flies.

Oty.
Du'iTV. Hdj. rfronj du^.']

I, Filled with auft j clouded with daA,

All our yoflerdayt have lighted f9oU
The way to duAl death. Sbilujjeare,

Arms and the d„l!i (|flj>| left admire.

And foirn ftrangciy'ia Jomt now deAi*. Diydm,

s. Covtred

pur

s. Covered or flattered with dull.

Even Drudgery himfelf,
As at the car he I'wcats, or ttujiy hews
Tfe palace ftone, looks gay. Thrwfm'i Summer.

Du'tchess. n.f. \dtitpiffe, French.]

1. The lady of a duke.

The duke of Cornwal, and Regan his Juttbep,
will be here. Shakejlwes Kmg Liar.

The duke was to commanU the army, and the
dulchtfs, by the favour ihe foffefled, to ^e near
herm.jelly. . , „ ^ ■^''''/'•

The cen'rous god who wit and gold rcnocs.
And ripens fpir'its as he ripens mioei.
Kept drofs for Juubcjfrs, the world (hall know it,
To vou gave fcnie, good humour, and a poet.
' Pofe.

2. A lady who has the fovereignty ot a
dukedom.

Du'tchy. n.f. [</«c-^*, French.] A terri-
tory which gives title to a duke, or has
a duke for its fove reign.

Different ftates border on it ; the kingdom of.

France, the dutihy of Savoy, and the canton of

Btrn. jiddij'ai ea Italy.

France might baie fwallowed up his wh-jlc

dutcby. S-w-fr.

DuTCHY-couiT. »./. A court wherein

all matters appertaining to the dutchy of

Lancafter are decided by the decree of

the chancellor of that court. Cc^ell.

Du'teous. adj. [from (/«/>>.]

1. Obedient; obfequious; refpeflful to
thofe who have natural or Itgal autho-
rity.

Great Aurengzebe diiJutnjt careexprcfs.
And duift not puQi too far bis great fuccefs.

Dryjen,

A female fofuiefs, with a manly mind ;
A dursoui daughter, and a fiflcr kind ;
In ficknefs patient, and in death rcfign'd. Dryd,

Who taught the bee with winds and rains to ftrive,
To bring her burden to the certain hive ;
And through the liquid fields again to pafs
Duiauit and hark'ning t* the founding brafs ?

Priir.

2. Obfequious ; obedient to good or bad
porpofes : with to.

I know thee well ; a fcrvlccable viUaia!
As dutnut IS the vices of thy roiftrcfs,
A> badnefs would defirc. Shakcff. King Ltar.

Every beafi, more Juiaui at her call.
Than at Circean call the herd difguis'd. Mdicn.

3. Enjoined by duty ; enforced by the re-
lation of one to another. This fenfe is
not now ufed.

With mine own tongue deny my facred right,
With mine own breath releafe all duuous ties.

Shakefpeare.

Du'xiFUt. adj. [duty and full."]

1. Obedient ; UibmifGve to natural or le-
gal fupcriours ; reverent.

She died in an extreme old agr, without pain,
under the care of the moft dutiful Son that I have
ever known or heard of. Snvift to Pope.

2. Expreffive of refpeft ; giving token of
reverence ; refpeclful ; reverential.

There would (he kifs the ground, and thank the
trees, blefs the air, and do dutiful reverence to
everything Ihe thought did accompany her at their
firft meeting. Sidney.

Du'tifully. adv. [from dutiful.']
J. Obediently; fubmiiSvely.
2. Reverently ; refpedlfully.

Hi^ daughter Phlloc!ca he found at that time
dutifully watching by her mother, and Milo cu:l
oully watvhing her. Sidney

He with joyful, nimble wing,
Flew dutifully back again,
And made an bumble cbaplet for tbeking. Swift.

D W A

Du'tifwlness. n.f. [from duli/ul.]

1. Obedience; fubniiffion to jull autho-
rity.

Piety, or dutifulnefi to parents, was a moft po-
pular virtue among the Ramans. Dryden't JEn.

2. Reverence ; refpecl.

It is a ftrange kind of civility, and an evil dnij-
fulnefs in friends and relatives, to fuffer him to j-c-
rilh without reproof or medicine, rather than to
feem unmannerly to a great finncr.

Tjy/or'i Rule of Living Holy.
Du'TY.n./ [from due.}

1. That to which a man is by any natural
or legal obligation bound.

When ye (hall have done all thofe things which
are commanded yoo, fay, We are urprolitabie ler-
vants : we have done that which was our duty to
do. Luke, xvii. 10.

The pain children feel from any ncccflity of
nature, it is the duty of parents to relieve. Loile.

2. Afts or forbearances required by reli-
gion or morality. In this fenfe it has a
plural.

Good my lord.
You have begot me, bred me, lov'd me : I
Return thofe dutiei back, as arc right fit ;
Obey you, love you, and moft honour you.

Shfkcffeare.

All our duty is fet down in our prayers, becaufe

in all our duty ue.b<;g the Divine aUiliance } and

I remember that you are bound to do all thofe duiia,

for the doing of which you have prayed for the

Divine alTil^aiice. T*iy/*r'i Devotion.

3. Obedience or fubmiffion due to pa-
rents, governours, or fupcriours ; loy-
alty ; piety to parents.

Think'll thou that duty (ball have dread tn
fpeak.
When p'jw'rto flatt'rybows ? To plainnefs honour
Is bound, when majclty to folly falls.

Sbiikffpeare^i King Lear.

God*s party will appear fmall, and the king's

not greater; it being not probable, that thofe

(bould have fenfe of duly to him that had none to

God. Decay if Piciy.

4. Aft of reverence or refpeft.

The, ,

Did duly to their I., i fairy Stueen.

5. The buiioefs ot .1 luiuicr on guard.

The regiment did duly there pun^ually.

Clarendon.
Otlio, aa often as Galba fupped with him,
ufed to give every foldler upon duty an aureus.

Arbutbni/t on Coins.

6. The bufinefs of war ; fervice.

The night came and fevered them, all parties
being tired with ihc duly of tlic day. Clarendon.

See how the madmen bleed ! Behold the gains
With which thcirmafter, love, rewards their pains I
For ('even long years, on duly ev'ry day,
Lo I their obedience, and their monarch's pay I

Dryden.

7. Tax; impoft; cuftom ; toll.
All the wines make their way through feveral

dutiei and taxes, before they reach the port.

Mdifin.
Such (hekeh a< they now diew, were the old
ones in which duly was to be paid by their law.

Arhutbnot on Coins.

DWARF. »./. [bpeopj, Saxon ; d-werg,
Dutch.]

1. A man below the common fize of men.

Gel you gone, you divarf !
You minimus, of hind'ring knot-grafs made.

Sbukcffeare.
Such divarfs were fome kind of apes. Brown,
They, but now who feem'd
In bignefs to furpafs earth's giant fons.
Now lefs than fmalleft dwarf s, in narrow room
Throng numberlcfs. ' Mdtont Paradije Lofl.

2. Any animal or plant below its natural
bulk.

D- W E

In a delicate plantation of trees, all well growili'
fair, and fmooth, one dwarf was knotty and
crooked, and the reft had it in derilion. L^EJlr

Saw off the (lock in a imooth place ; and for
•warf trees, graft them within four fingfrs of the
ground. Mort'.tn-r.

3. An attendant on a lady or knight in
romances.

The champion ftout,
Eftfooncs difmounted from his courf?r brave,
And to the divarf awhile his ncedlefa fpear he
gave. Spenfei-t ■

4. It is ufed often by botanifts in compo-
fition ; as, d'auar/'-elder, ^luor/'-honey-
fuckle.

To Dwarf, w. a. [from the noun.] To
hinder from growing to the natural
bulk ; to leffen ; to make little.

It is reported that a good {Irong canvas, fpread
over a tree grafted low, foon after itputteth forth,
will divarf \X, and make it fpread.

Bacon^s Natural Hijiory*

The whole fex is in a manner dioarfed, and
fhrunk into a race of beauties, that I'ecms almod
another fpecies. Addtfon.

Dwa'rfish. adj. [from dTvarf."] Below
the natur.il bulk; low; fmall ; littles
petty ; defpicable.

Th'jir divarfp pages were
As cherubins, all gilt. Shaiejpcart's Henry VIII.

And are you grown fo high in his eftecm,
Becaufe 1 am fo dwarfifi} and fo low ? Shakefpiare.

This uiih^'fi faucinefs, and bojiih tioops,
The ki/ig doth fmile at ; and is v/ell pvepar'd
"f » whip this dwarfp visr, thefe pigmy arms.
From out the circle of his territories.

Sboktjpeare's Kir.g yt,bn.

A thicket clofc bcfide the grove there flood.
With briars and brambles choak''d, and dwaifijh
wood. Dryden.

■We (hould have loft oaks apd cedars, and the
other tall and lofty fons of the foreft, and have
found nothing but dwarfjh (hrubs, and creeping
mofs, and defpicable mulhrooms. Ber.lley,

Dwa'rfishly. adv. [from dtx;arjijh^'\

Like a dwarf.
Dwa'rfishness. n.f. [from divarfjh.']

Minutenefs of itature ; littlenefs.

'Tis no wonder that fclence hath not outgrown
the dwarfifhnejs of its priftine ftature, and that the
intelleftual world is fuch a microcofm.

G hnijille* s Scepfii.

To DwAui.E. 'V. a. [bpehan, Saxon, to
wander ; dwailen, Dutch.] To be deli-
rious : a provincial word mentioned by
Junius.

To DWELL, ni. n. preterite dwtlt, or
dnuelUd. [</W/«, old Teutonick, \%jiay,
delay ; duelia, Iflandick, 10 ftay, tolland
ftiU.]

1. To inhabit ; to live in a place ; to
refide ; to have an habitation.

If thy brother that dwellcth by thee be waxen
poor, and be fold unto thee, thou (halt not compel
him to frrvc as a bond-fervant. Lev. xxv, 39.

He (hall dwell alone, without the camp (hall his
habitation be. Lev, xiii. 46.

John Haywood and Sir Thomas More, in the
parifh wherein I was born, dtutlt and had polfef-
fions. Peacbam.

Why are you vex'd, lady ? Why do you frown ?
Hejt dwell na frowns, nor anger ; from thefe gates
Sorrow (lies far. Milton.

2. To live in any form of habitation.

Abraham fnjourncd in the land of pr;miifc as in
a ftrange country, dwelling in tabernacles.

Heb.x'i, 9>

3. To be in acy (late or condition.

'Tis fafer to be thatwhich we deft-oy,
Thau by dcftrut^icn dwell in doubtful joy. Shat.

4. To

D W E

4. To be fufpended with attention; to
hang upon with care or fondnefs.

He'in great pairion all this while did Htvtll i
111 IK bufying his quick' eyM her face ro view,
Than his dull ears to hear what ike did tell.

D W I

The force of fire sfccnded fuA on K^h,
And tMk it% dwtirwr in the vaulted flcy.

Vrjdn't Ovtc,

1. State of life ; mode of living.

My Hii:cinr.r (hall be with the beafts of the fiild.

Dunirl.

Th" attentive queen
JJwfll on his accents. Sii:ilb's PtteJ. t'JHiffol.
Such .vas that face, on which I Jmrlt with joy,
Eic Cir;cce alTerobled ftemtn'd the tiJei to Troy.

5, To continue long fpeiking.

He preach'd thi-joys ot heav'n, and pains of hell,
And warn'd the finnerwith becoming zeal;
Bat on eternal mercy lov'd to diviH.

Drjden's Good Parfin.

We have </wc/r pretty long on the confiderations
of fpace and duration. Locke.

Thole who defend our negotiators, difdl upon
their leal and patience. i'wi/r.

To Dwell, t/. a. To inhabit. Not ufed.

I faw and heard ; for wo fonnetimej
Who/aJf/Zthis wild , conftrain'd by want, <»me forth
To town or village nigh. Milim's Par. Rfgal'iJ.

Dwe'ller. »./. [from ifivflJ.] An inha-
bitant ; one that lives in any place.

The houfes being kept up, did of nccelfity enforce
« Jiuelltr ; and the proportion of land for occupa-
tion being kept up, did of ncceflity enforce that
dwi//er not to be beggar or cottager, but a man of
Ibme fubftance. Bflren'j tUnry Vil.

Their cries foon waken all the divtllin near \
Now murmuring norfts rife in every ftreet. Dr;/d.
Dwe'lling. »./. [from divell."]
I, Habitation; place of refidence ; abode.

His dwelling is low in a valley green.
Under the foot of Rauran molTy hore. Fairy ^an.
Hazor fliall be idwtUing for dragons and a de-
folation for ever.. Jci: x\\\..%V

If he have feveral diatlHirgi, let him fort them
fo, that what he winteth in the one he may find in
the other. . ■^'''"'•

God will deign
To vifit ofl the</w«'/in£i of juft men,
TJelighted. Miltott't Paradife LtjI.

All d-mtllings elfe
Flood overwhelm'd, and them with all their pomp
Deep under water roli'd ; fca covcr'd fea.
Sea without fliore ! Milttn's Paradife Loft.

The living few, and frequent funerals, then
Troclaim'd thy wrath on this forfikcn place ;
And now thofe few, who arc return'd again,
Tky fearchin^ judgments to thtit dv/tltings trace.

Drjdtiu

Dwe'llinohousb. n.f. [from </aw//and
S>ufe.'\ The houfe at which one lives.

A pcrfon ought always to be clteJ at the place of
his dweHinghcufi, which he has in tcfpcft of his
habitation and ul'uil refidence ; and not at the
houfe which he has in tefpeft oj his eftate, or the
place of his birth. 4)/#"' P'"-"^'-'-

Dwe'llino PLACE. ». / [dwell and
place.] The place of refidence.

People do often change their divellingplacti, and
fome muft die, whilft other fomc do grow up into
ftrengtU. ^H"'

To Dwi'nole. -v. n. [bpinan. Saxon.]
I. To (brink; to lofe bulk; to grow
little.

Thy divindlid less fcem crawling to the grave.
' Drjdin,

Proper names, when familiarized in Englifli,
dwiiA to monofylhbles ; whercM in other Un-
Euages they receive a fofter turn, by the addition of
\ new fyllable. Mdijen.

Our drooping days are dwindled down to nought.
Their period finiiTiM ere "tis well begun. 7bovijon.

z. To degenerate ; to fink.

•Tis now d-windltd down to light frothy fluff.

N'rrii.

If there have been fuch » gradual diminution
of the generative faculty of the earth, that it hath
d-windUd from nobler animals to puny micQ anJ
infefts, why was there not tha like decay m tie
produftion of vegetables ? BtntUy.

H« found the cxpetlcJ council was dtvindhng
into a conventicle, a packed aflembly of Julian
biihops, not a free convention of fathers.

Alterhary.

Religioui fociet'ies, though begun with dtcd-
lent intentions, are faid to have d-tviadltd into
foaious clubs. i'w!/"'-

3. To wear away ; to lofe health 5 to
grow feeble. ■ '■ ' '' ]

Weary fev'nnlghts ntne tiines nine,
Shall he dioindle, peak, and pine.

Sh.iieff tare's Matteih.

We fee, that fome fmall part of the foot being

injured by a wrench or a blow, the whol« leg or

thigh thereby lofes its ftrengtb and nourirtiment,

I aad d-windUi away. i«*''

D Y S

Phyficlans, with tb«ir milky cheer,
Tlis love-fick maid and dwitdlwg beau repa'i'.

Gojf.
4. To fall away ; to be dirainiflved ; to
nioulder off.

Under Grecnvil, there were only five liundrei,
foot and thrtc hundicd horfe left.; the rtrft wens
dtDindled 'w^v. Ch nrj.-i,

DvE. See Die.
Dy'i KC. The participle of ifie.
I. Expiring j giving up the gWi, •
t. Tinging ; giving a new colour.
Dr'NASTY. n.f, [Jt.;^r;i<t] Government}
fovcreignty.

Some a..couiit him fjbuljus, becaufe he carrle«
up tha Egyptian 4m/'"i hcf ire the flood, yea, an4
long before the creation. Uah't Origin nf Mankind,

Greece was divided into fcrcral dynaji'.ei, which,
our author ha. enumerated under their rofpsftive
princoi. P'i^-

Dy'scrasy. «./ [W«{«»!«.] An un-
equal mixture of elements in the blood
or nervous juice ; a diftemperature,
when fome humour or quality abounds
in the body. Diff.

In this pjtuitous dyfcrafi of blood, i»re muHi
vomit off the pituita, and purge upon ioiermif--
fiins. Fliysr en the Ifvmii't,

Dvsb'ntery. «. /. [efy/enterie, French,
from JicriiTi{i«.] A loofencfs, wherein
very ill humoars flow off by ttool, and
are alfo fometimes attended with blood..

Di&,

From aiir unufual Inconftancy of the woathtr,

, and perpetual changes of the wind from eai> to

' weft, proceed epiiicmica!^^/fWfieJ. /iiiu'l-.en-ei^r,

Dvspr'fsy. »./. [Sucrvfi,'M.] A difficuhy
of digeftion, or bad fermentation in tha
ftomach or guts. D'^,

Dy's PHONY. ?!./. [ivc-j!ann.'] A difficult/

in fpeaking, occafioncd by an ill diipo-

fition of tha organs. _ Dici.

Dyspno'ea. »./ [iiairvom.] A <H5icalty

of breathing j ftraitneis of breath.
Dy'sury. ».y; [ivm^U.] A difficulty in

making urine.

It doth end in a dyfentcry, pains of the hsmor-
rhoids, inrtammations of any of the lower p«rts,
dlabeas, a continual piffmg, or a hatdjfury, dif-
ficulty of making water, mrveft

E.

E

E,

E A D

Has two founds ; long, &s,fcem, and
(hort, as men. E is the moll fre-
quent vowel in the Englifh lan-
guage; for it not only is ufed like the
reft in the beginning or end of words,
but has the peculiar quality of lengthen-
ing the foregoing vowel, as, t^n, cnne ;
m\n, m'me; gip. g'lpe ; gl'id, gl'ie ; bred,
br;de; chin, chme; lu'p, nvpe; thin,
thine ; nod, node ; t'm, tine; plum, pl'ime.
Yet it fometimes occurs final, where yet
the foregoing vowel is not lengthened ;
zs gone, ino'w/fdge, edge, glife. Anciently
almoft every word ended with e, as for
can, canne; (or year, yeare; for great,
greate; for need, neede; iox flock, Jioche.
It is probable that this e final liad at firft
a foft found, like the female e of the
French ; and that afterwards it was in
poetr)- cither mute or vocal, as the verfe
required, 'till at laft it became univer-
fally filent.

Ea has the found of e long ; the e is com-
monly lengthened rather by the imme-
diate addition of a than by the appofition
of e to the end of the word ; as men,
mean •,Jel,/eal; mil, meat; ntt, neat.

Each. prvn. [elc, Saxon; tlch, Dutch; ilk,
Scottilh.

1. Either of two.

Though your orbs ofdifferent jreatnefs be.
Yet both arc tor each other's ufe difpos'd ;
His to itidofc, and your's to be inclosM. Drydcfi.

2. Every one of any number. This fenfe
is rare, except in poetry,

Th' invention all admir'd, aad each how he
J To be the invcntet miis'd. Milicn.

Let each
His adamantine coat gird well, and each
Fit well his helm. Milton.

By hunger, thatmrii other creature tames,
Thou art not to be harm'd, therefore not mov'd j
Thy iemperance invincible bclides.

Millon'i Par. Reg.
Wife Plato faid, the world with men was ftor'd.
That fuccour taeh to other might afford. Denhum.

To Each the correfpondent word is other,
whether it be ufed of two, or of a great-
er number.

'Tis (aid they eat each other, Sbatt/p. Macbeth.

Let each tfintm otliir belter than thcintcives.

P til. n.i.
Loveliet^ of women! heaven is in thy foul;
Beaut)- and virtue ihine for ever round thee,
Bright'ning Mr<& cilxr ! Thou art all divine.

AJdIfoH't Cato.

Ead ■■•'■■••

[*d. ed.] in the compound, and endlg
the fimpfe names, denotes happinefs.
1^, bieflednefs. Thus Ead-ward is a hap-
py prcferver; Eadulpb.h^ji^y affiftance;
Eadgar, happy power; Eadiuin, happy
conqueror; which Macahui Eupolemm,
taiijia, Eortunntui, Feliciaimi, Sec. do in
fome meafure refemble. Ead may alfo
in fome cafes be derived from the S;ixon
eatb, which figiiifies eafy, gentle, mild.

,, _ ^ib, Camden.

Vol, I,

E A G

EA'GER. ttdj. feaiorv, Saxon; aigre,
French.]

1. Struck with defire; ardently wi(hing;
keenly defirous; vehement in defire;
hotly longing.

Of aftion eager, and intent of thought,
The chiets your honourable danger fought.

D>yJt-fi*s O'utii.

EjgertaTCiAihzn&, Achatescamc. Dryien'sMn.

With joy the ambitious youth his mother heard,
And, eugn-, for the journey, foon prepar' J ;
He longs the world beneath him to furvey,
To guide the chariot, and to give the day. Drydin.

liore inflant'd, and eager oxi his blifs,
Smother'd: her words. AJJifin's Ovid.

2. It is ufed fometimes with «/', fometimes
withyir, fometimes with on or after be-
fore the thing fought.

3. Hot of difpofition; vehement; ardent;
impetuous.

Apt as well to quicken the fpirits as to allay that
which is too eager. Hooker.

Nor do the eager clamours of difputants yield
more relief to eclipl'ed truth, than did the founding
brafs of old to the labouring moon.

Glanville^ s Scefjtr.

ImperfeA zeal is hot and etgtr, without know-
ledge. Sfratt.

Eager his tone, and ardent were liis eyes. Dryden.

A man, charged with a crime of which he thinks
himfelf innocent, is apt to be too eager In his own
defence. Dryden.

4. Quick; bufy; eafily put in aftion.

His Numidlan genius
Is wcUdJfpos'd to mifchief, were he prompt
And eager <»f it ; but he mull be fpurr'd. Add!/. Cato.

5. Sh.irp; fower; acid.

With a fudJen vigour it doth poffet ■
And curd, like eager droppings into milk.
The thin and wholefome blood. Sbatejp. Hamlet.

6. Keen ; feverc ; biting.

The airbites Ihrewdly; it is very cold.
— It is a nipping and an eager air. Shakrff. Hamlet.
The flcfli ihrioketh, but the bone refillcih, where-
by the cold becometh more eager.

Jiaem's Natural ITlfiorJ.

7. Brittle; inflexible; nottludile. A cant
word of artificers.

Cold will be fometimes To eager, as artilh call

it, that it will as little endure the hammer as glafs

itfelf. Lecie.

Ea'g iKLX. eiJv.[ftom eager.y

I. With great ardour of defire; with im-

petuofity of inclination.

To the holy war how fall and eagerly did men
go, when the prieft perfuadcd them that whofoevcr
died in that expedition was a martyr f South.

How eagerly h« Bew, when Europe's fate
Did for the feed of future adlions wait. Stepney,

I. Ardently; hotly.

Brutus gave the word too early, ,
Whohaviiig fome advantage 00 Oflavms,
Took it too eagerly; his foldiers fell to fpoil, '
Whilft we by Ajitlipny were all inclos'd. Shakefp

3. Keenly ; fharply.

Abundance of rain froie fo eagerly as it fell,
that it fccmed the depth of winter had of a fodden
been come in. Knoltet's HlJIory of the Turks

Ea'cerness. »•./. [(torn eager.] . ,
I. Keenncfs of defire; ardour of inclina-
tion.

She knew ber diilance,'and did angln fo^me,
Madding my ttgetnrjt with Ijei idtniat. Shakefji.

E A G

Have you not feen, when whiftled from the fift.
Some faulcon iWp'd at what her eyedefign'd.
And, with hneagernefi, the quarry mifs'd. Drydeie,

The eageritefs and ilrong bent of the mind after
knowledge, if not warily regulated, is often an hin-
drance to it. Locke.

Detraftion and oilo^juy are received with as
much eagernefs as wit anu humour.

Addifon'i Freeholder ,,
Jaba lives to catch
That dear embrace, and to return it too.
With mutual warmth and ^^^crw^ of love.

AdJifatU Cato.

His continued application to pubhck atVairs di-
verts him from thofc pleafures which are purfued
with eagernefs by princes who have not the publick
fo much at heart. Addifm.

The things of this world, with whatever eager-
nefs they engage our purfuit, leave us ftill empty
and unfatisfied with their fruition, Rogers.

. Impetuofity ; vehemence ; violence.

It finds them in the eagernefs and height of their -
devotion ; they are fpeechlefs for the time tl'.at it
continues, and proltrate and dead when it departs.

Dryiit)!.

I'll kill thee with fuch eagernefs of hafte.
As hends, let loofe, would lay all nature wafte. 1

Dryden,

E.^'GLE. «;/; fa/V/r, French ; ajuila, La^
tin ; ealln-, Erie.]

1. A bird of prey, which, as it is reported,
renews its age when it grows old. It is
alfo faid not to drink at all, like other

I birds with (harp claws. It is given out,
that when an eagle fees its young fo well

' grown as to venture upon flying, it ho-
vers over their neft, and excites them td"
imitate it, and take their flight; and
when it fees them weary, or fearful, it
takes them upon its back. Eagles arc
faid to be extremely fljarp-fighted, and,
when they take flight, fpring perpendi-
cularly upward, with their eyes fteadily
fixed upon the fun. Calmit,

Draw forth the monfters of the abyfs p^ofound,
Or fetch th' aerial eagle to the ground. ^^*.

2, The ftandard of the ancient ^flw^w. ■<■

_ Arts ftill followed where Rome's e,igtes flew. Pope*
Ea'gle-eyed. adj. [hom eagle znd eyed.'\
Sharp-fighted as an eagle.

As nc was quick and perfpicacious. To was he
inwardly eagle-eyed, and verfed in the humours of
his fubjefts. Hoviel,

Ev'ry one is eagle-eyed to fee
■ Another's faults and his deformity. Dryden,

Ea'glespeed. ». /. \eagle and ffecd.^
, Swiftnefs like that of an eagle.
Abrupt, with ragAy/)n</lhe cut the Iky,
Inftant invifiblc 10 niurtal eye. Pope

Ea'clestonb. n. f. A ftone faid to b«'
found at the intrance of the holes in
I which the eagles make their neds, and
affirmed to have a particular virtue in de-
fending the eagle's neft from thunder.
I , Cfilmef,

' The eaglrflme contains, in a cavity within It»
.' a fmall loofe ilonc, which rattles when it is fliaken ;
and every folTil, with a nucleus in it, has obtained
the name. The analogy between a itone, thus
containing another within it, or, as the fanciful |
I writers exprefs vt, pregnant with anptlicr,'' and a
woman big with child, led people to .iov^gine that

1 4 N , , . k.

EAR

it mud haw greit virtues and tffeai in accelcritin?
or retarding delivery; to ihati it lied to the arm
of a woman with cnildt it prevents abortion; and
if to the leg, it promotes delivery. On ftich idle
tnd imngiiiar)- virtues was r?ifcd all the credit
which this famous lutlil poirelTed for many ages.

Hill't Mjuria MrJici
If you ftop the holes of a hawlc's M\ it will I
md\ic no ring, but a flat noifc or rattle ; and la
doth tlie Ktiies, or tagl'Jhiu, which hith a little
Itonc within it. Haron.

Ea'clet. u. f. [from tagU.\ A youn^
eagle.

This trcafon of his fons did the king cxprtfs in
an emblem, wherein was an cajle with three tagldt
tyring on her breatt, and the fourth pecking at one
of her eyes. Dairies

Ka'gre. k. /. \_'rgre, in Riinick, is the
ocean; (gzia, in lllandick, is to agitate,
to iiuHe7\ A tide fwelling above another
tide, obkrvablc in the river Severn.

I'orasan eagr-: rides in triumph o'er thettdC}
The tyrant palkons, hope aud fear,
Did in extremes appear,
Andflafti'd upon tile foul with equal force. Dryden.

Ea'i.oerm.»n. m. f. [ealoepman, Saxon.]
The name of a Saxon magiftrate; alder-
man.
Eame. ft./, [eam, Saxon; com, Dutch.]
Uncle : a word ftill ufed in the wilder
parts of Staffbrdftiire.

Daughter, fays fhe, fly, fly ; behold thy dame
Torelhows the treafon of thy wretched eame !

FaWfdx.

EAR. *./. [eape, Saxon ; aor, Dutch.]

1. The whole organ of audition or hearing.

What fire is io my ean.? Can this be true ?
Stand 1 condcmn'd ! Sbakejf. Much Ado.

His ears are open unto their cry. P/". xiiiv. 1 5.

Valfalva difcovered fome palTages inio the region
of the tfijr drum; of mighty ufe, among others, to
make dil'charges of hruifes.

DerbanCi PhyJtco-TbeoUgy .

2. That part of the ear that ftands promi-
nent.

Yon have heard of the news abroad: I mean,
the whifper'd ones; for they are yet but ear kifling
arguments. Shakc/feare.

His mafter (hall bore his ear through with an awl.

ExoJ.

3. Power of judging of harmony ; the fcnfe
of hearing.

She has a delicate ear, and her voice is mulick.

Rlchardfott.

^. The head; or the perfon: in familiar
language.

Their warlike force was fore weakened, the city
beaten down about their ears^ and moll of them
wounded. Kiollei.

Better pafs over an affront from one fcoundrel,
than draw the whole herd about a man's eart,
' V Eftrange.

Be not alarmed, as if all religion was falling
about our earu

Burnet's Theory,

5. The higheft part of a man ; the top.

.\ cavalier was up to the eart in love witn a very
fine lady. V EJIrange.

t). The privilege of being readily and kind-
ly heard; favour.

ArlHippus wa( camcft fuitor to Dionylius for
fome grant, who would give no ear to his fuit ;
Ariftippus fell at his feet, and then Dionylius grant-
ed it. Baeon's Afofbihegihs,

They being told there was fmall hope of cafe,
Were willing at (Kc firft to give an ear
To any thing that founded liberty. Ben yon/on.

If on a pillor)', or near a throne.
He gain his prince's Mr, or iofe his own. Pope,

7> Difpofition to like or dillike what is
«heard ; judgment ; opinion ; tafle.
' He laid his fenfc clofer, and in fewer words, ac-
cording to the Hyle and ear of thefc tiiTici. Denbem,

EAR

8. Any prominences from a larger body,
raifed for the fake of holding it.

There are forac vclTels, which, if you oflTer to
lilt by the belly or bottom, you cannot llir them :
but ate foon removed, if you take them by tke ears.
Tajhr's Rule of livini helj,
A cjuiltcd night cap with one ear,

Cong, kfay of ibe World,
A pot without an r.]r, Svjifl,

g. The fpike of corn; that part which
contains the feeds.

He delivereth to e.nch of them a jewel, made in
the figure of an ear of wheat, which they ever after
wear. Bacon,

The leaves on trees not more.
Nor bearded nrr in fields, nor fands upon the (hore.

Dryden.
From fcveral giains he had eighty ftalks, with
very large ears, full of large com.

Mortimer's Hujhandrj.
XO.^o beby theYjK^%. 7^° fight;

To fall together by the'£.Kt,%^^ to fcuffle;
Tt go together by the EkV.i. ) to quar-
rel. [In Dutch otrlogen.'l A familiar
■ phrafe.

Poor naked men belaboured one another with

fliagged rticks, or dully fell together hj the ears at

fifty-cufl^s. More,

Fools go together by the eart, to have knaves run

away with the Hakes. L'EJIrangr.

All Atia now was by the eart.
And gods beat up for volunteers. Prior .

II. Ttfetby t/je Ears. To make ftrife;
to quarrel : in low language,

A mean rafcaly>/r othert together by the ears
without fighting himfelf. V Eftrange.

She ufed to carry talcs from one to another, 'till
fhe hady^/ tJie neighbourhood together by the ears.

Arbutbnot,
It is ufualtoyr/thefe poor animals J^fiie ears.

Addifon,

Ea'rless. adj. [from ttttil Without any
ears.

Earlefi on high ftood unabafli'd Defoe,
And Tutchin flagrant from the fcourge below. Pope,
Ea'rring. »./.. \ear and rirtg.'\ Jewels fet
in a ring and worn at the ears; orna-
ments of a woman's ear.

With gold and filver they increafe his ftore,.
And gave the precious eairings which they wore.

Sandys.

A lady bellowed earrings upon a favourite lam-
prey. Arhuthnot,

Ea'rshot. ». /. Reach of the ear; fpace
within which words may be heard.

Gomez, Hand you out. oi earjhot, — 1 have ibme-
thing to fay to your wife in private.

Dryden's Spanijh Fryar.
Ea'rwax. »./. [ear and luax,] The ce-
rumen or exudation which fmears the in-
fide of the ear.

The ear being to (land open, becaufe there was
fome danger that infcfts might creep in thereat;
therefore hath nature loricated or plaillered over the
fidciof the hole with eurMiax, 10 entangle infects

Ray om the Creation.

Ea'rwig. ». /. [eape and pijsa, a grub,
Saxon.

1. A fheath-winged infeft, imagined to
creep into the ear.

Himfelf he on an earuig fet ;
Yet fcarce he on his back could get.
So oft and high he did curvet. Dr.tyton's Nymphid.

Marivigs and fnails feldom infedt timber.

Mortimer's Hufh.

Doll never flies to cut her lace,
Or throw cold water in her face,
Becaufe (he heard a fudden drum,
Or found an ear^vig in a plum. Swift,

2. By way of reproach, a whifperer; a
prying informer.

Ea'rwitnus, »./. [ear and ivitne/t.yOnc
I

EAR

who attefts, or can atteft any thing is-
heard by himfelf.

All prefent were made earviltneffes, even of each

particular branch of a common indictment. Hooker,

The hiftories of mankind, written by eye or ear.

•witn^Jfet, are built upon this principle, fratt't Logick,

7fl Ear. 1'. «. [er».Lat.J To plow; to till.

Obfolete

He that etri my land fpares my teanit and giret
me leave to enjoy the crop.

Sbakefpeare's A.'l'i v.-ell that endt well,
Menecrates and Menas, famous pirates.
Make the fea fcrvc them, which they ear and wound
With keels of every kind. Shakejp, Ant. and Ckof,
A rough valley, which is neither eared dov fown.

Deuter,
fwe years, in the which there Ihall neither Iw
eanirg^ nor harvetl. Gen. xiv. ^,

The field of love, with plough of virtue ear'd.

Fairfax,

Tt Ear. v. n. [from ear.'\ To-fhoot into

cars.
Ea'red. aelj, [from ear,'\

1 . Having ears, or organs of hearing..

2, Having ears, or ripe com.

The covert of the thrice ear'd field
Saw (lately Ceres to her palTion yield. Pope't OiyJ".
EARL, n, f, [eopl, Saxon; eoryl, Erie.]
A title of nobility, anciently the highcll
of this nation, now the third..

Thanes and kinfmen,
Hencelbrth be earls, the finl that ever Scotland
For fuch an honour nam'd. Skakefp, Macietb,

EftRL-MA.RSHAL. ». /. [earl and marjhal.\
He that haschief care cf military folem.
nities.
The marching troops through Athens take tbeit
way;
The great earl-mafhal oritn their array. Dryden 1

Ea'rldom. »./. [fromrar/.] The feigniory
of an earl ; the title and digrtity of aa
earl.

The duke of Clarence having married the heir
of the earl of Ulder, and by her having all the
earldom of Ulfter, carefully went about rcdrcllinj
evils. S^enfet's Ireland',

When I>am king, claim- thou of me
The**ir/*y&M of Hereford. Shak-fp. RichardWX,

Ea'rliness. «./. f from ftzr/)-.J (^icknefs
of any afljon with refpeft to fomething
elfe : as, earlinefs in the morning, the ail
of rifmg foon with refpeft to the fun ;
earlinefs of growth, the aft of growing
up foon in compariIba<with other things
of the fame kind.

The next morning we, having (Iriven with fhe
fun's earlinefs, were beyond the profpe£l of the
higheft turrets. Sidney,

The goodnefs of the crop is great gain, if the
goodncfsanfwer the earlinefs of coming up. Bacon,

Ea'RLY. aelj. [sp, Saxon, before.] Soon
with refpeft to fomething elfe : as, ii»
the morning, with refpeft to the fun ; in
time, with refpeft to creation; in the
feafon, in comparifon with other pro-
dufts.

I am a tainted wether of the flock,
Meeted for death : the weakefl kind of fruit
Drops earliejl to the ground, and fo let me. Shakeff.

It is a curiofity to have feN-etal fruits upon tiie
tree ; and the more when fome of them come early,
and fome come late. Bacon's Natural Hifiory,

Cod made all the world, that he might be wor-
ihippcd in fome parts of the world ; and therefore,
in the iitll and moll early times of the church, what
care did he manifcd to have fuch places ertdtcd to
his honour ! South,

The nymphs, forfaking ev'ry cave and fpring.
Their early fruit and milk-white turtles bring. Pope,

Sickneis is early old age : it leaches us diffidence
in our earthly Hate, and iuffirci tu with thoughts
fif a future. fope.

EAR

Oh foul of honour!
■Oh «'/>■ htroe ! Smith's Ph^dra and IVipptliiUi.
Ea'^ly. adv. [fro n the adjetflive. j Soon;
betimes.

Early before the mom, with crimfon ray.
The windows of bright hcJv'n opened had. Sfenfer.

None in more languages can (how
Thofe irU, which you fo rarly know. Wallir,

The princefs malces her ilfue liiie herfelf, by ia-
(lilUng etrly into their mindi religion, virtue, and
honour. Addtfon.

To Eark. V. a. [eapnian, Saxon.]
I . To gain as the reward or wages of la-
bour, or any performance.

Thofe that have joined with their honour great
perils, are lefs fubje^ to eavy ; for men think tliat
they earn their honours hardly. Bacon*3 EJfayi,

Winning cheap the high repute,
Which he through hazard huge mud larn. Milton.

1 to the evil turn
My ohvious breaft ; arming to overcome
By fuffering, and tarn relt from labour won. Miltan.

Men maydifcerm
From what contummate virtue I have chofe
This pcrfe^ man, by merit call'd ray Son,
T*'arn falvation for (he fons of men. Milton.

Since they all beg, it were better for the ftate to
kefp theai,cvcn although they e>ir»ri/ nothing.

Grauftt*t BilU of Mortality.

This is the great expence of the poor, that takes

Up aJmoll all their {'dr/r//ij^/. Locke.

The poems gained the plagiary wealth, while the

author hardly tamed his bread by repeating them.

Poft qh Htmtr.
After (oiling twenty dayt.
To earn a ftock of pence and prailV,
Thy labonr'i grown the critick's prey. Svnjr.

3, Toobtaifi, as a confequence of a^on.

I can't fay whore •(
\\ does abhor me, now 1 fpeak the word :
To do the z&, that might th' addition earn,
Ko( the world's mafs of vanity could make me.

Shaktffeare^

EA'RNEST. atlj. [eonnci-t, Saxon.]

1 . Ardent in any aiffedion ; warm ; zealous ;
iBjp<ntunate.

He which prayeth in due fort, is thereby made
the more attentive to hear; and he which hearcth,
the more eamrjl to pray for the time which we be-
ftow, as well in the one as the other* Hoeitr.

2. Intent ; fixed ; eaeer.

■ On that profpecTftrange

Their ejrnrjl ejcs they fix'd \ imagining,

for one forbidden tree, a multitude

Now ris'n, t* work them (urther woe or Diame.

Milton.

Ther are never mere tan^ to dillurh us, than

^hen they fee us m*ft earnefi in this duty. Ou^fj.

3. Serious; important. Sonne fay in earit-
ejl, not mjfji.

'fhey whom larnrfi lets do often hinder from
fceing partakers of the whole, have yet this the
kngth of divine femice, opsortunity for accefs unto
foaw reafonable pan thcreot. Hooker.

Ea'rnest. n.J, [from the adjeAive.J
I . Serioufnefs ; a ferious event, not a jeft ;
reality, not a feigned appearance.

Take heed that this jeft do not one day t«m to
tarnrji. Sid.

I told youVlaiuswas tTic haplcfs wight^
Vf\toe.irneJi found whalthey accounted play. Sidney.

Therewith Ihc laugh'd, and did her earntfl end
injci>. Fairy ^lueen.

That high AU-feer, which I dallied with,
Ifath tum'd mf feigned praytr on my head.
And giv'n \nearnefi^ what 1 begg'd in jefV. Shaltrj.

Nor can I think that God, Creator wile !
Th«ugh thrcat'ning, will in earatft To delhoy
Us, hit prime creatures. Milton.

But the imain ^ulinefs and tarnefi of the world is
money, dominion ar)d power. L'EJIran^e.

We Ihall die in earnifi, and it will not becon.r
U5 to live in jet). i^ovtmment t,f the ^tongue.

SMRprooius, you have aAed UJuyeuiMf j

EAR

On* would have thought you had been half in tarne/t.

Addi/oTi.

2. [Erm'/z, fenge, Dani(h; a»r«, French.]
Pledge ; handfel ; firft fruits ; token of
fomething of the fame kind in futurity

The apolrles term it the handfel or eamrji of
that which is to come. Hooker.

Which leader (hall the doubtful vi^'ry blefs.
And give an tarnefi of the war's fuccefs. Walltr.

It may be looked upon as a pledge and tarnefi of
quiet and tranquillity. Smalridge.

The mercies rec<:ived, great as they are, were
earnefis and pledges of greater. Attethury.

3. The money which is given in token
that a bargain is ratified.

You have cunfpir'd againttour perfon,
Join'd with an enemy proclaim'd, and from his

coffers
Receiv'd the golden tarnefi of our death. Sbakeff.

Pay back the earnefi penny received from Satan,
and fling away his (in. Decay of Piety.

Ea'rnkstlt. fl^'-j. [from r«r»j/?.]

1 . Warmly ; afFeftionately ; rcaloufly ; im-
portunately ; intenfely.

When earnrfily they feek
Such proof, conclude they then beg«i to fail. Mil.

Shame is a banilhment «f him from the good
opinion of the world, which every man moft ear.
irr^defires. South.

Earnefily invoke the goodnefs and power of an
all-merciful and almighty Cod. Smalridge.

2. Eagerly ; deliroully.

Why fo earnefity feek you to put up that letter ?

Sbakefpeare.
My (bul, mott earnefily releas'd.
Will outftripher's; as bullets flown before,
A latter bullet may o'eroke, the powder being more.

Donne.
Ea'rnistness. n.f. [from Mrw^/?. ]

1 . Eagemefs ; warmth ; vehemence ; impc-
tuofity.

Often with a folemn earnefinifi.
More than, indeed belong'd to luch a trifle.
He begg'd of me to (leal it. Shakrffeart't Othello.

Audacity and conHdeiKe doth in bufinefs fo great
ef}i:£)s, as a man may doubt, that, bcfids the very
daring and tarnefine/i, and perfiKing and importu-
nity, there Ihould be fome fecrct binding, and
lloopiiig of other men's fpirits to fuch ixrfons.

£ aeon* I Natural Hifiory.

Marcus is overwarm; his fbnd complaints
Have fo much earnrfinefs and paflion in themi
I hear him with a tecret kind of horror,
And tremble at his veheancnce of temper.

Addifrm't Cato.

2. Solemnity; real; ferionfnefs.

There never was a charge maintained with fuch
a Ihew of gravity and earnrfine/j, which had a
(lighter foundation tefupport it. Atieriury.

3. Solitude; oare; intenfenefs.

With overfiraining, and earnifintfs of iinMhing
their pieces, tbey oflea did them more harm than
good. Dryien.

Eassh. h. f. [from tar, to plow.] A
plowed ield. Not now in ufe.

Hres oft are good on barren eur/hei made,
With crackling flames to burn ific Hubble blade.

May'4 yirg.

EARTH, n.f. [#op«, Saxon.]

1 . The element diftinft from air, fire, or
water ; foil ; terrene matier.

The fmiling god is I'een ; while water, earth.
And airartell his bounty. Ilumjon.

2. The terraqueous globe ; the world.

Nought fo vile that on the earth doth live.
But to the earth fome fpecial good doth give. Shaief.

This folid globe we live upon is called the earth;
which word, taken in a more limited fenfe, fignifies
fuch parts of this globe as are capable, being cx-
poled to the air, to give rooting and nourifhment
to flaau, f« (bat they may lUnd lad grow in it.

LKkt.

EAR

3. Different modification of terrene matter.
In this fenfe it has a plural.

The five genera of earth} are, i. Boles. S. Clayi.
3. Marls. 4. Ochres, j. Tripelas.

Hill's Mat. Mediea.

Earths vrt opiTae, infipid, and, when dried, fri.
able, or conlifting of parts eafy to feparatc, and f»-
luble in water; not difpofed to burn, flame, or take
fire. _ fFoodtiard.

4. 'i his world oppofed to other fcenes of
exiftence.

What are thefe.
So wither'd, and fo wild in their attire.
That look not like th' inhabitants o' th' earth,
And yet are on't ? Shakeff care's Macielb.

They can judge as litly of his worth.
As I can of thofe mylteries which heav'n -

Will not have earth to know. Shakt/f. Corlolamti.

5. The inhabitants of the earth.

The whole earth was of onc.ianguage. Gen. n't. i.

6. Countr}' ; diflinft region.

In ten fet battles have wc driven back
Thofe heathen Saxons, and rcgain'd our earth,
' As earth recovers from the ebbing tide. Dryderr.

7. 'The aft of turning up the ground ia
tillage, [from <■«>-, to plow.]

Such land as ye break up for barley to fow.
Two earths, at the IcalV, ere ye fow it beflow.

luffer.

To Earth, f . a. [from the noun. J

1. To hide in earth.

The fox is rarthtd; but I Ihall fend my two tar.
riers in after him. Drydcn' s Sfanljh Fryat.

2, To cover with earth.

Earth up with frelh mould the roots of thofe au-
riculas which thefroltmay have uncovered.

Evelyn 's Calendar.

Ta Earth. a>. n. To retire under grour\d.

Hence foxes ttrth'd, and wolves abhorr'd the <)ay.

And hungry churls enfnar'd the nightly prey. Ticktl.

Ea'rthboARD.w./. \earth&viiS.board.'\ The

board of the plow that (hakes off the

earth.

The plow reckoned the mo(t proper for ftiff

black clays, is one that is long, large, and broad,

with a deep head ai>d a fquare earthboard, fo as t«

turn op a great furrow. Mortimer,

EA'RTflB<»RN. adj, {earth tnA b«rn.y'-(i

I. Born of the earth; terrigenotis. T

The wounds 1 make but fow new enemies; '
Which from their Hood, like earthhont brethrea
Tife. DrydcK.

The God for ever gnat, for ever king.
Who flew the tarthhorn race and mealures right
To heav'n's great habitants! Prior,

Earthborn Lycon Ihall afcend the throne. Smith.
Ea'rthbound. adj, [earth and bound.\
Fartened by the prctfure of the earth.

Whocan imprefs the foreli, bid the tree
Uniix hit tarthbound root ? Shake/ftare't Math,

Ea'rthen. ai/^; [from eeirth.'\ Made of
earth; made of clay.

About his inelves
Green earthen pots, bladders, and mufty feeds
Were thinly fcattcr'd. Shaltrffeart.

As aruftick wasdigging the ground by Padua, he
found an um, or earthen pot, in which there wa«
another urn, and in this lelfer a lamp clearly burn-
Ing. IVilkins,

TTie mod brittle water-carriage was ufcd among
the Egyptians, who, as Stiabo faith, would fail
foinctime« in (he boats made oi ear then ware.

Arhttthnot on Coin%.
Ea'rthfIAX, n.f. [earth and _fia.x.] A
kind of fibrous foflil.

Of Englifli talc, the coarfcr fort is called plnifter,
or parget; the liuci, raiihfiax, or falamander't
hair, ll'oodward.

Ea'rthiness. ». /. The quality of con-
taining earth ; groffnefs.

EA'RTHLtNe. «. /. [from ttrth,] An iiv
4 N a habtURt

EAR

itshnant of the earth'; a mortal; a poor

frail creiiture,

To c*rMi'.g', the footftool of Cod, thai ftage
wliich he aiki lor * fmall time, Cctmeth magni-
ficent. Drummond.
Ea'rthly. fulj. [from earth]

1. Not heavenly; vile; mean; fordid.

3iit I remember now
I'm in iKis e^ibly n-oiU, where to do harm
Is oftenlaudable j to in good, fometime
Accounted dangerous lolly. Sbuktfp. Mjcbctb.\

When t'aith and lovCi which parted tram thee

nevtr,
Ilad ripeo'd (hyjuft Toul to dwell with Gad|
Meetlv iliou didit relign this earllilj load
Of dea'th, call'd life. Milton.

2. Belonging only to our prefent ftatt j not'
•'' fpiritiial.

Our common necefTities, and the lack which we
all have as wdl ol ghoftly aoiyartblj fatour?, is'
in each kind eafily known. • Htokir.

You have fcarce time

To ileal from fp iritual leifure a brief fpan,

• To keep youreac/A/y audit. Sbakefp, Henry VIW.

It mutt be ofir (blemn bulinefs and endeavour, at

fit feafons, to turn the ilream of our tliou'hts from

tartbly towards divine objeiJls. Attcrbury.

3. Corporeal ; not mental.

Great grace that old man to him given had, j

Tor Cod he oftpnfaw, from heaven highu . , t I
All were his tarlbly eyen both blunt and had.

■ Spenfer,

Sudden he view'd, in fpite of all her art.
An earthly lover lurking at her heart. Pope.

4. Any thing in the world; a femide hy-
' perbole.

Oh ! if to dance all night, and drefs all day,
1 Charm'4 thc,fmall-pox, orchas'd old-age away,
" Who would not fcorn whathoufewife's cares produce?!
■ Or who would learn one «i-M/y thing of ufe ? P.ope.'

Ea'rthnut. «./. [earth axidi nut.'] A pig-
nnt ; a root in Ihape and fize like a nut.

When there are earthnuls in feveral patches,
.J 4hqHgh the rqots lie deep in the ground, and the
' . Bilks be dead, the fwine will by iheir icent root
" only where they grow. Ray.

JEa'rthqo AKE. n. f. [earth and quake.]
Tremor or convulConof.the earth.

Thfs fubterr!ane.->n heat or 6re being in any part

of thejearth ftopi, by fomc accidental glut or ob-

,,flruSion ia.the pafl'ages through which it ufed to

^. afccod, and being pretcrnaturally alTembled in

greater (juautity iato one place, caufes a great' tare-

ti^on and intumescence of the water of the abyfs,

.^putting it into very great commotions ; and making

_4,the like cBfcrt upon the earth, expanded upon the

V

Jace pf the abyfs, occafions. that agitation aiid con-
iculBon which w« call an earthquake

' Wttodtx-ard^ i Natural Hijlory.

Thefe tumults were like an tartkfuake, fhaking
"the Tcry foundations of all, than which nothing in
the world haih more of horrour. i^'tg Charles.

Was it his youth, his valour, or fuccefs,
Thefe might perhaps be found in other men':
*'l"was that rcjjeiS, that awful homage paid me ;
That fearful love which trembled in his eyes,
And with a Client earlb^uaic Ikook his foul. Dryjrn.

The countr)', by rcafon of its vaft caverns and
fubterraneous fires, has been miferably torn by
earlbjuates, fo that the whole face of it is quite
changed. Addtjon vt Italy.

Ea'rthshakino. aiij. [earth and y^oif .j
Having power to (hake the earth, or to
raifeeartnauakes.

By the eartbjhaking^ Neptune's mace,
And Tclhys grave majellick pace. Milton.

Now fcartx witbdiawa the fierce tarlbjhaking
pow'r, ,

Jove's daughter Palla! watch'd the fav'ring hour;

JJack to thei/ caves iViade the winds to fiy,

And hulh'd the blulVring brethren of the rtty. Pofe.

E*'rthwoRM. »./. [earth znA luorm.] (

1, A worm bred undox ground. '

W«ciDi arc found ic fuow csmmooly, lilK tttrth- \

iL'crm', and therefore it is not unlike that it may
likewile put forth plants. Bacon's iS'atural Hjhry.

Upon a Ihower, after a droughtf ejrllmmtnH and
landfiiails innumerable come out of their luiking
places. ^'V'l

2. A mean fordid wretch. '•

Thy vain coatetnpt,'dull iarlbworm, ccafe J
I won't for refuge fiy. '' Iforr'ts.

^a'ktvi^. adj. [itom earth.]

1. Confiding of earth. ;

I>ong may'ft thou live in Richard'sfeat to fit.
And loon lie Richard in an earthy pit ! Shakrfp.

Lamps are inflamed by the admilTion of new air,
when the fcpukhres are opened, as wc fee in fat
earthy vapours oWivers forts. H^ilktns*s Afatb. Mttg.

All water, el'pcoially that of raia, is Itered with
matter, light in comparifon of the common e.irihy
matter. ■ IViodviitrd.

2. Conipofeijl or partaking of earth; ter-
rene.

Tofurvey his dead and eariby'imagc.
What were it but to make my fotrow greater.

Sbakefpeare, '

Him lord pronotmc'd, he, O indignity }
Subjedled to his fervice angel-wings,
And flaming minillcrs to watch and tend;
Their earthy ^his^t. Milton's Paradi/e Loft.

3. Inhabiting the earth ; terreftrial.

Thofe earthy fpirits black and envious are ;
. rUcall up otlier Gods of form more fair. Dryden.

4. Relating to earth.

Mine is the Ihipwreck, in a watry fign ;
And in an earthy ^ the dark dungeon thine, ^rydpn.

5. Not mental ; grofs ; not reiined. - '

Tcach-me, dear creature, how to think and fpeak ;
Lay open to my earthy grofs conceit, ■ '

Smother'd in errors, feeble, fliallow, weak.
The folded jueaniog of your words deceit. Sbakefp. \

Nor is my flame
So earthy^ as to need'the dullmaterial force
Of eyes, or lips, or checks. Daibam's Sofhy.

EASE. n.J. [alje, French.]

1. Quiet; refl; undillurbed tranquillity;
not folicitude.

We Ihould not find her half fo brave and bold
To lead it to the wars and to the feas ;

To make icluflfer.watchings, hunger, cold;
When it might feed with plenty, relt with eafe.

OaiAcs.

The prieft on ikins of ofT'ringtakes his eafe. •
And nightly viCons in liis (lumber fecj. Dryd. ASn.

2. Freedom from pain; a neutral ftate be-
tween pain and pleafure. 1

That which we call eafeis only an indolency, or
a freedom from pain. L'£ftrange.

Is it a fmall crim.e to wound bimfelf by anguilh
of heart, to deprive liimfilf of all the pleaiiives, or
eafeSi or enjoyments of life ? 'Temple.

3. K.efl aftet labour ; intermiffion of labour.

Give yourfelvcs eaji from the fatigue of waiting.

S'wffi.

4. Facility ; not difficulty.

The willing metal will obey' thy hand,
Following with eafe^ if favour'dby thy fate,
Tli()u art foredoom'd to view the Stjgian ftate ;
If not, no labourcaQ the tree conllratn.
And (Irength of Itubborn arms and fteel are vain.

,. , Orydi'n.

5. tlnconftraint ; freedom from liarfhnefs,
formality, forced behaviour, or coftceits.

, True eafe in writing comes from art, not chance;
Xi thofe move caficft who have learn'd to dance.

' ^ • ' . ■ Pope.

6. At JEa'se. In i ftate of undillurbed
leifure; without paiii; without anxiety.

I.ucan content with praife, may lie at eafe.

. In coflly grotts and marble fajaces. Dryden's'lm.

Mcii of parts and penetration were not idly to

difpute at their ^afe, but were to aA according to

the refult of their debates. Locke.

No body is under an o'bligation to know every

thing : knowledge and Lcience in general is the bu-

. fmcfs only of thofe who are at cafe aiid leifure. Lccke.

To Ease. v. a, [from the noun.]

E A S •;

1. To free from pain.

Help and lafe children the bell ym can ; ?iuf by
no means bemoan them. £Me,

2. To afluage ; to mitigate ; to alleviated '

llw father made our yoke grievous, now there-
fore eafe Ihoti lomewhai the grievous I'crTinide.

i Chton.

Complain, queen M.irgaret, and tell thy grief;
It Ihall be rat'd, if Fiance can yield relief. Slu^hfp.

As if with fpotts my fu$erings I could c£/e> /iryd.

Though he fpeaksoffuch medicines as pttxtite
fleep, and eafe pain, he doth not determine their
doles. ArbutfmX,

Will he for facrificc our forrows My} ?
And can ourlears r^verfe his firai decrees ? Prjvr.

3. To relieve frotnl'^botir, or .•Anything that
offends : With a/'before the thing.

If ere night the gatb'ring clouds we fear,
A fong will help the beating ftorm to bear;
And that thou may'ft not be too late abroad
Sing, aiid I'll f.i/i' thy flioulderso/'Uiy load. Dryd.

I will eafe me of mine adverfaries. ffaiah, 1.^4.

No body feels pain that he wi(faes not to be eafed

of, with a defire equal to that pain, and iirfeparable

from it Litkt,

Ea'sefu'L. aJj. [eafe and full.] Quiet j

peaceable ; fit for reft.

I fpy a bUnck, fulpicious, ihreat'ning doudi
That will encounter with our glorious fan.
Ere htattaioMs ej/"</i(/ weilcrn bed.

Sbakefp. Henry Yl.
Ea'sement. 71. f. [itom eafe.]

1 . Afliftance ; fupport ; relief from . §x-
pences. .

He has the advantage of a freelodginl, and Tome
other eafementi-, • Stiltft,

2. [In law.] A fervice that one neigh-
bour has of another by charter or pre-
fcription, without profit; as a way
through his ground, a link, or fuch like.

Coruoel,
Ea'sily. ad-v. [fromc^/j'.]

1. Without difficulty.

Sounds move fwtftly, and at great dtftance; but
they require a medium well difpofed, and their
tranfiniliiou is eajily tlopped. Bacon's Nal.Hifi,

She alk'd the rcafon of his woe J
. She alk'd, but with aii air and mien
That made it eafily forefeen

She fear'd too much to know. Prior,

2. 'Without pain ; without diflurbance; ia
tranquility.

Is it not to bid defiance to all mankind to con-
demn their univerfal opinions and defigus, if, in-
ftead of palTuig your life as well and eajily, you re-
folve to-Jiafs it as ill and as milierable as you can ?

Temfle.

3. Readily ; without reluftance.

I can eajily refign to others the praife of yoilf
illuftrious family. Dtyden's Ded. to Stale of Inno.

Not foon provok'd, (he r.{y?/y forgives ;
And much Ihe fuflers, as llie much believes. Prior,

Ea'stness. 71. f. [from <•«/>■.]

1. Freedom from difficulty. ^
'Believe me, friepds, loud tumults are not laid', , |

With half the fa/?«^ that they are rais'd.

Ben foTlfon,

Tafinefs and' diffitulty are relative terms, and re.
late to fome power; and a thing may be diflScult
to a weik man, which yet may be eafy to the l^ne
perfon, when aflfilted with a greater ftrength. Tilloif.

The fecming eajitiefs of Pindarick verfe has made
it fpread ; but it has not been confidercd. Dryden.

'You lefta conqucif more than half atchiev'd.
And forwhofe e.fimfs I almoftgricv'd. Dryden,

Thispica, under a colour of Irieildlhip to religion,
invites men to it by the eofineft of the terms, it
offers. _ • ■ Rigers,

2. Flexibility; compliance ; rea^incfsj riot
oppofition ; not reluiSance.

His yielding unto them in one thing might hap.
pily put them in hope, that time would breed the
like c(^Jincfs of coaddcciului{ tuither uato them .

Hooker.
Sine*

JE AS

\fct;JNh«e-Ac taSamSoi-'ti^xeft.ui alter and charge,
taws is \o evil, no dsuht but to bear a tolerable'
fare u bettier tbaa to vtal^rt on a dangerous rsinedv.

Hooker.'
Give to him. and lie (hjll but laugh at your aa/f-
"(fa ; favt his lite, hut, when you have done, look

eia:^tt

. «to you r own.-

^i

.The (aloft »(ay to fecure,l>ojitfty( is to lay the.

loundation of it eiclj- iji Uberaiily, auil an fi]/i/iejfi\

tOjpart with, to "others" wliateVer they 'have or likei

WKinfcI*«." L ••■ . ■ LacHi.i

3. Freedom from conftraint ; n« effort; not

formality.
_ • AAftrufe and myftick thoughts you mud eiprefs
'^Itti .gainful care, but fcemingfvyfxj/t;
^TPor truth iTiines brigjitei^ through the plainei^ dr;fs.

jf: Keft; tranquUlity; eafe.; ia^^mJtom
ppin. . •

I think thf ra^n I -haw i^^gnti Iwth ,a( gtcat
intercft in that reft and eafirtft we enjoy when

^ai«p- : ," : A<v.

PAST. ». /[eors, Saxon i /«/, Erfe.]

I. The quarter where the fun riics : oppo-

•j.^tetothe/fj/f. ' . ■ . . ' , .,

They counting forwards ! (Bw^rds die iafi, did
-'•Mow i3o degtre* to the Portugani eaftVar'd- Ahioi.
a. The regions in the eaftern paiis of the

world. '
■^ "■ J wouH not be the vilTiin that thou thlnkeft \
Tortfie whole fpace that'sin the ty/ant'sgrafp,
AKJ the rich Esft to boo(. Shjhfji. Macbtib.

The gorgepuj liaft, wi(h.richeft bojid,
• PSnts on her kinis b.irbarick, peajl and gold. Milt,
j;A%Te». ».' /. [fcap^te, Saxon ; /sj^fr,
[Dutch.]^ The day on which' the Cbriftian
church cpmmeraorates'out Saviour's re-
furreflion.

Didli thou not fallotit wUh a Uylor jbr wearing
his new daitl'ict betote Eafirr f

^hake/f. Romto mud Juliet.

ViOorlsunbrother-likeheat to.varJj tlie baftei.i

churchci,in the contro«rfy abput Eajltr, foment-

«d that difference into a fchil'm. Decay of Piety.

EAfsTERWNC. »./ [from£n^.] •

}; A native of foii^e country eaftward to
another. j

He oft in battle Tin^uidied
Ihol^ ijwiltul, rich, and fwarming Eajierliw.
■ Hi > • /• ^ Sitnfct;

2. A Ipecies of waterfowl.

Ea'sterly. fl<^'. [from£a/2.]

i.^ Cpmine from the parts toward the Eaft.

When tnt M/fr/|r winds or breezes are kept off
By fomehijh mountains from the vallies, whereby
Ihe ■air, wanHng motron, doth become; eiciedini
unhealthlul. ».,< ■_.'

2. Lving towards the Eail.

"iTheS give us a yie\v of the (noft eiSerli, foutiier.
tj, and wtiliirly parts of Englmd.

Grau^fi Hilh if Mart at, ty.

3. Looking towards the Ealh

• r-"!,*^! ''* ='>'''*^ <:''". I'?''', wifhput tafte -or
taell, drawn from fptingn t^iih an «>,/„ eihord
tion. , ■^ J 1 ~r

a'stfrk. «;<„ [ftom£fl/«.7

y. ,_ .-, .^SA-

- l>«iudetneirbolotBli«\es. •Tbtmfuiu

a. Lying orbeingtowardj the Eaft.- ■

The tajhn, end W»he ide rife ^p \„ precipices.
3. Coin? • : n' • ;• ^¥''.

..p-.^ ' "^'W in eirtlfr her

• '•'■ •■ even in lier'lefi di-

', ^ ''now ttr iesgitade,

,,„ " ri w 1. ''' '■ —■•'■■•"<' or,wta*ard< as

•'i'P'tu^ ^"°"'" 1" '">' '^'" '^'■'y »■• nighl how
much he :s gone noptliiyjiid or fc^*a.,ra. ^yUd/fm'.

^..jLpokiM tqw?rd> lire Eaft, ' , ,

Our ling'ring parents, and toih' eajttm^ '
Led them dircfl. /»?/,„,

t-ASTWARD. ^a'l'. [£,j/?and Awars/.] To-
wards rhe Eaft.

Tlie inoon,, which performs its mp;ion fwifter

■Hoiiib '■ ■•""" '''run. gtts faJ^vMd-oux'»( his faj-s, ana

.appears wjien the fun isfel. Braii'it's P'u/K Srr.

.What fnal 1 we do, or where dirtft out. flight }

^El^Ji■wa^f^^ it far as I i;ou!d caft my. fight, o r. . t

■ Fronj^pVjng hpav'os,,Ka«^defcending I'lgf^f. ■ \ i

Ea'sy, ^n^. rfrorn-f^T/J."! '^ '"'

'fi 'Not difficult.'

The fcrviccof God, in the folemn alRinMy of

jtur.B, ijia^w(ork, though «/).,-yet withaf «ri-

weighty, and of great refReJt- ... Hxhr.

, How much b it in evesy one's power to make

ttftlitions to hi mfelf, fu<h as. he miyiceep, is m/v

forertrydnetatry. - ^ lJI

i. JVotcaufing difficulty.

The whole iflind was probably cut into feveral
tajy afconts, and planted with variety- of palaces.
_ . Aidifat on Italy.

3. C^ieti at reft; not h.-4raired; unmoleft-
ed; fecu re; not anxious. ■ ■ <

■ Thofc that an ta/y in ttieir condifioni «r their

minds, rcfufe often to enter upon pubick charges or

employment. : ■.. •' .- ♦ -tW.

Keep your thoughts fa/} a«4 free, the otHy tem-

]Xr wherein the mind is capable of receivini; new

mfomiatipns. |^^^,

A mamageoflove is plcafnnt, a marriage of in.

i Wjcft xf/jiT and a tnarriage where both meet hai.pv.

U't , . .^•''•■''" •■*•

\^ h'.-, men sre ea/y in the'rcir. ,|,ey

nre nat.irjUjrenemiesto mnovjttoSi^ .■,.,, , ,,/,

A »aa Uioutd *re« ail his Hudies rtid endeavours

, 4t hiakuig himlelfM_^ ,*>w, and hiip^y hereafter.

WepUinly feel whether at Uiis iiirta'ni ive are
*'■& '^ "j?*'^?' ""^PPy »f miferable. SmalriJz'.

4. rree from pam. *■

Bold adventure to difcover wide
That difmal world, if any clime perhaps
Might yield them ejfie, habi lation. Mlllm

Pleafure has been the bus'nefsof mylife,
And every ch.inge of fortune cafy to mc,
Becaule I ftill was e.ify to myfell. DryJcn

J. Complying; unrefiftiog;<:reduIou8.

Baited with rca&os not unpiaiifibie,
Win me into the eafy hearted man,
_ And hag him into foares. Milton

With fuch deceits he gain'd their cfy hearts.
Too prune to credii hispetiidiousarts. UryJen's^n
.\ The kioded taiher 1 have ever fo(«id him,
Eafy and good, and bounteous to my wirties..
, n ,. • . ' AjIdfjiViCaii,.'

o. Keady ; not unwilhng.

V\\tl and he .ire one ;
"So mercifi/la king did never live,
.Loth to revenge, and tafy to forgive. DrydtTi.

7,. * ree from w-int of more.
- . They (hould be allowed each of them fuch a rent
as would make them *a^. Sit//;.

S. Not conftrained; not iliff. , .<• '

Thofe move tafteji that, h»s« leam'd to duK»>, • ■ :

Praifc the eafy vigour of aline, lu ^' '

Where- Denham'4 ftiength, and Waller's ' fweitn'efs

■ ■ J"'"* '-'fiitc

ToBAT.^; /7. preterite /7fr, op m/; part.

rw, or r/z/f,/ reran, Saxon; Uau, Go-

, thick; f/f-^, Erie.] • ■

'•Jo devour with the month. ,/ ,

"Locurts (hall f.,r the retinue of that whiA is'
efcaped from' the h.il, ,,;J (hil «/ cveVy tree
which groweth. ^i.;,J j

'.v"?!r ??'"""'?,'" *"= =•«"'■"' '<"■ "»* n^jiiig'ifor

the firll blow, or far not accepTtrtg P5l'ypflemus's

tourtefy, ttr(>e the lail thai (hall be ealcn up.

.HJ^ ','^ .. ;.. .?■ ' miM's H'arHiAtb Spain.

Even worm\y*dv'«t with bmad,<»lll not bile,

,, oefaule it is «»xe(l wiilj agrcat -luanlityof friltfc.

■• * .^riiiil/HoloiyMtimmu.

a. Toconfume; to corrode, '

E A'T

Thdu beft ofgnldart worftofgold ;
Others lefs fine in carr.u is more precious,
Prel'etviug lif« in med'cine petable ;
But thou, mod fine, mod honour'J, mod renown'd.
Has MC cfiy bcwer up. Shakeff. Hetir-y IV,

They entail a fecret'curfe upon their cllates,

which does either infcnfibly wafte alid Cqnfumeit,

or far out the heait and comfortof it. TiUotJon.

kjiiTtg cares,

Lydian airs. Miltoii,

There aiifes a necclTity of keeping the furfdte
even, either by preffuie or eating medicines, that
the eminence of the flefh may not relift the fibr. s
of the (kin in their tendency to cover the wound.

Sharp's Surgery,

3. To fwallow back; to retraft. This 'is
only ufed of a man's word.

They cannot hold, but burft out thi:rf"e words,
which afterwards they are forced to eat.

Haknt.'ill on Vrovidente,
Credit wete not to be loft
B' a brave koight err.intofthepo(V,
ThotM/rt rerridioully, his word.
And fweati his eats ihrougha two inch board.
cr n' ' Jludiirts.

ToEkr. -v. n.

1 ; "i'o go to meals ; to take meals ; to feed.

He did eat continually at the king's table.

2 S.it». \x. 13,

And when the fcribes and pharifces law him eat
with publicans and tinners, they faid unto his difci-
ples. How is it tiiat he ealclb with publicans and
^'™"5' ^ Matt. n.ii.

2. To take food.
He.that will not cir till he has a demonftrau'oti

that It mil nouriOi him, he that will not llir' tiH'
he infallibly knows the bufinefs he goes about Will
fucceed. Will have little etfe to do but lit ftill and
P";1i' . Loch.

3. 'lo be maintained in food.

The righteous c.7ff/i to the fatisfying of his foul,
but the belly of the wicked (liall want.' Prov. jtiii. 25.

Thou art paft the tyrant's ftrokc j
Care no more to cloath and eat. Shakeff. Cymt.

But, thanks to my indulgent ftars, I eat.
Since 1 have found the fecret to be great. Prior.

4. To make way by corrofion.
The plague of fia has even altered his nature, and'

ealeHiato his very elTential?. South.

A prince's court ca/j too much into the income

ofapoorftate. AddiJ-m's Italy.

Ea'table. aiij. [from eat.'\ That may be

eaten.
Ea'table. n. J. Anything that maybe

eaten.
1 f you all forts of perfons woutd engage, '

Suit well your eatables to ev'ry age.
„ , ^ ^^ King's Art of Cceitry.

E a't E R . 7/. /. [from ear. J

1. One that eat.s any thing.

The Caribeesand the Cannibals, almoft all, are

MrtM of man's flelh. Aiioi's Deferip of the If-'orld.

A knave, a raftal, an eater ol broken meats. Shah.

It the talte of this fruit maketh the eluert like

I gods, why lemai^icU thou a beall J ., „ '

Broivn's f'^jjlgarin'oun.
, A4 if the- lotnV'grew only here,' the virtdi of'
whole fruit is to caufc in the caters an oblivion of
all other foils. • H<,wel,

2. A qqrrofive;' '

E ATtt . a'j;. [eaX, Sa.xon.] Eafy ; not
j difficult. Aa old word.

I i-.'^VJiett eaik abounds, it'sca/i to do amifs.
I „,, ■ , i • -Paity Queen,.

I Wh.itworl:<:notbeauiy,man'srelfiuingniiiid
Ueaib to move wiih plaints and I'hcws'of woe.

^ The way was,ftraight and,^/i". / . J^'ki'ijlti

'aV-h. ar/'w. [from the adjediive.] EaliU-.
An old word. , '

^p ' .Whi>| hwh iHc world not trv'dj .£

Pvftitt the rigln «»y full eatlj uiay wander v.'i^e. 1 j

I , ' * , ■ lias, i-jfei} '■

p'TiNc'irou'si. n.f, \eatc and honfi'.] A*

houie

E B O

houfe where proviuons are fold ready
•Ireited.

An hungry traveller ftept imo an eaiing houfe for
his dinner. L'Efirangt.

E.-lVfcS. »./. [epcf-e, Saxon.] The edges
of the roof which overhang the houfe.

Every night he comes
With mufick of all forts, and fongs compo^'i
To her unworthincfs: it nothing lleajs us
To chide him from our tavei ; lot he petftfts>
As if hit life lay on't.

Shairfp. jill'i vitll ibar enJs vitll.

Hi« tears rundovi'n his beardi liWe Winter drops
From tuia of reeds. Shahff. Trnfyrfi.

If in the beginning of Winter the drop* ot the tava
ofhoufes come'more Aowly down than ihcy ufe, it
portendeth a hard and frofty Wiiit«r. £«c»n.

Ulher'd wilha (howcr Dill,
When the guft hath blown his till,
¥indinjon the ruftling leaves,
With minute drops from off the e*vn. Mlliom.

The icicles hang down from the tavn ofhoufes.

To Ea'vesdrop. t>. a, \eavft and Jro/t.]
To catch what come* from the eavct; in
common phrafcj to.liften under windows.

EaVesdropj-er, It./- [etrves and dro/>.^ A
Jiftoner under windows; an infidious
iliftener.

Under our tents I'll phy the eavn dropptr.
To hear if any mean do Ihrink from«ie. Shaitff.

EBB, «. /. [ebb^, epplob, Saxon.; thbe,

Dutch.J
J, The reflux of the {ide.towards the fea.:
oppofed.to^/JW;.

The dear fun on his wide wat'ry glafs
■Caz'd hot, and of the frefti wave largely drewf,
As after thirft ; whidh made theii flowing iTirink
from ftandiog lake to tripping tti, thatllole
With fofl foot tow'rds the deep. Mihai.

Hither the feas at iHted times. refort.
And fliovethc loaden vcffcls into pori,;
Then with a gentle itk retire again,
Aii4rtnderb;(cX their pargoto the main.

AJdi/tn tM Jtaiy.

a. .Decline; decay/, waftc.

You havefinifhed all the war, and L-rought all
■things to that low ti6 which you fpeak of.

Spenfer onjrtlaxd.
This tide of man's life, after it once tuineth aod
jicclineth, ever runnneth with a perpetuaUiiiJ and
felling ftreamj biK never floweth again.

JLalcighUHiftoty.

Thus all the treafure of our flowing years.

,Our tbk of life forever takes away. Bufccmtfinti .

The greatefl ^ge for poetry was that of Augullus

Carfar, yet painting was then at its loweft tih, and

perhaps fciilpture was alfo declining. Piyjtn.

Near my apartmentlcthim pris'nerb^,
That I his ho»rly eUi of life may fee. Orjd-

What Is it he afpires to?
1s if not this ? To (hed the flow remains,
His laft poor eii of blood in your defence.

Addtfon*i Oife.

TeEBB.i;. ft. [from the noun.]

I . To flow back towards.tUe fea.: cjppcjfed

lOTfmu.

Though my tide of blood ;.«

Halh proudly flow'd in vanity till now, jj^.
Now it doth turn and eii back to the fea. St^lfff,

From thence the tide of fortune left their (howcr,
And tbh'd much fafUr than iiy/?»tu'</ before.

Dndcn'ij^n.

%, To decline ; -to decay; -lo waftt;.

Well, I am ftanding water:
I'll teach you how teflow.

D»foi Xochb

Hereditary lloih ioftrufls me. Stahffi. TrmJ>rJ}^

Bui oh, he e^^' .' the fmiling waves decay !
Jor ever lovely ftream, foreverftay! Halifax

E'ren, 1 n. f. \ebtnus,\M\n.'\ A hard,
E'bon. > heavy, black, valuable wood.
£'boky.J which adtsits a fine glofa.

E C C

\{ tli« wood be very hard, m thtos, «> lignum
vitae, they are to turn ; they ufe not tKe fame tools
they do for foft woods. Moxan 'i flffch, Excrcifrt.

Oft by the winds octinfl the fignal lies,
ErenighfhM'halfroll'd round her <•*()» throne. Gay.
Ebri'ety., «. /. \ebrietas, X.atin,] Drun-
kennefs; intoxication by ftrong'ttquors.

Bitter almonds, at an antidote againft eirirty, hath
commonLy failed. 'Srori'nU f^fg^ar hrrours,

EBRPLLABE.m.f. [French.] A cheCk of
the bridle which a.Korfeman gives a horfe.
by a jerk of one rein, when he refufes to
turn.

Ebrio'si-tt. ■«. /. [<'iWe/i/<7/, Latin.] Ha-
bitual drunkenne(«.

That religion which excufeth Noah in fiirprifal,
will neither acquit tbriofity vat ebricty in their in-
tended pcrvetiion. Mrinvn,

EftULLi'TiON, n.f. \ebutlo. Lat.^
I. The ad of boiling tip with heat,
z. Any inteftine motion.

The difi'olution of gold and filver difagret ; fo that
in their mixture there is great eiuliiihn, tiarknefs,
andin the end, aprecipitaiion of a black powder.

Bact".
Uron, in aqua fsrtis, will fall into ebullition with
.noife aiidemication; as alf* a crafTe and fumid ex-
halation, <uufi:d from (he combat of thefulphur'of
.icon withi the acid aud nitrous fpirits of aquafortis.

.Br&^vn' I Vulffir Err our t.

3. That 'ftrnggling or effe^i-efceace which
arifes from the mingling together any
alkalizate and acid liquor; any inteftine
violent motion of the parts of a fluid
occafioned by .the ftruggling of particles
df different-properties. ^tincy.

When aqua fortis, or fpirit of 'vilrioU poured
tipen filings of iron, dilTolves the filings with a great
heat and ebullition j is not the beat and ebullition
e&Aed by a violent motion of the paru ; and does
not.tJieir motion argue, that the acid parts of the
liquor rufh towards the parti of the metal with vio-
lence, aiid run forcibly into its pores, 'till they get
between its outmoft particles and the main mafs of
the -meta 1 ? Ke'wton.

A 'violent-celd, as well as 'heat, may be produced
by this e^yllition; for if fal ammoniack, orany pure
volatile alkali, diiVolved in water, be mixed with an
acid, -an ebullition, with a greater degree of cold,
wiU enfue. Arbuthnot on Alimmtt,

ECCE'NTRICAL. 7 ,. . _, . t , n
ECCE'NTRICK. H* i'""^'^'"'' L«.]

1. Beviating from tlie centre.

2. Not having the fame cetrtre wifh ano-
ther circle : fuch circles were fuppofed hy
the PtolemaiCk-philofophy.

Aftronomers, lo lolve the phicnomena, framed to
their conceit ecceniticki and ^icycles, and a wonder-
fi*l engine of orbs. Bucon.

Thither his c»urfe he bends
Through the calm firmament ; but up atiovm,
. iBy centrick or eceenirUk, hard to tell. MUlon.

They build, unbuild,. contrive,
To favc appearances : they gird the fphere
With centrick, and iccea ricA, fcribbl'd o'er.
Cyclic, and epicycle, orb in orb. Milton.

■ Whence is it ihat plaiiets move all one and ihe
'fame way in orbs concentrick, while comets mo\c all
jnanncr of ways io orbs very eccentrici F
, Neivton't Qptickt.

3. Not terminating in the fame point j not
direfted by the fame principle.

Whatfocver affairs pafs luch a man's .hand?, he
I crookelh them to his own ends.; which rouli ueeds
})toil^ti<tfitrick CO the ends of his inaiter.

■ . , Bacon' t Effort.

Irregular ; anomalous; deviatlag ifroui
dated and conllant methods.

This motion, like othc-rs of (he -times, feem

ueentikk and irregular. KingCharlei.

A chiii&tt vl iu eeeeitliici virluc, it ibe mote

E C H

ttaA Image »f human life, becaufe it m ns( «'hotlf
exempted from i4s frailties. DryJvii

Then from-wbate'er wc can to fenfe produce.
Common and plain, or wond'rous and ablfrufo«
From nature's conftant or eceentrick laws,
Ihe thoughtful foul thicgenlial inference draws.
That an (StO. mull prefuppofe a caufe. Prior,

Ec c s NT R I'c I T Y. »./. [frofn eecfiilriei,]

1. Deviation from a centre.

2. The ftatc of having a difFertnt centre
from another ciicle.

\n regari of eceentrieiif, and the epicycle whert-
in it moveth, the motion of the moon is unequal.

Brotim.

By reafon of the 'fun's eccenlrieiiy to the earth,
and obliquity to the equator, he appears to us to move
unequally. Htlder,

3. Excuriion from the proper orb.

The duke at his return from his eccenirU-lty, for
fo I account favourites abroad, met no good news.

fPolton.

4. 'Eccentrkity of the earth is the di (lance
•between the focus and the centre of the
earth's clliptick orbit. Harritt

'Ecchy'mosis. rr.f. [tK^vaiturif.'] Lividfpota
or blotches in the Ikin, made by extra*
vafated blood. ^inty^

Ecchymojit may be defined an extra¥afatioo of
theJ>laod in or under (he (kin, (he fkin remaining
whole. Wifeman.

Laiations are accompanied witli tumour and «•
cbymoKi IVifiman.

ECCLESIA'STICAL.?*^-. {ucUfiafitcui^
EGCLESIA'STICK. \ Lau] Relating
■to the church ; not civil.

1$ difcipline an ecclcfafiical matter or civil ? H

iti eccUfiaJiical, it murt belong to the duty of the

minirters. Huker.

■Clergymen, otherwife little fond of obfcure terms,

yet in their fermons are liberal of thofe which they

lind in ecclefajlictil writers. Swift,

A church oi Englandmaii has a tnie veneration

for the fchemceftablilhed among us of tcckfajdck

government. SviiJU

Ecolesia'stick. n.f, [from the adjeo

tive.] A perfon dedicated to the niim«

ftries of religion.

The ambition of Ihe eeclefiajllclt dcllroyet -the
purity of tlx church. Burnet' tTlieorr,

Eccotro'ticks. «. / [s« and xiirf®-'.J
Such medicines as gently purge the bel-
ly, fo as to bring away no more tlian the
•natursd excrements lodged in the in-
teftines.

The body ought to be maintained in its daily ex-
cretions by fuch means as arc eceofroiiclt.

Harvey on the Plague,
Echin*'te.. "l-at/j. [from c<-/6;»*-/, Latin,]
Echina'tecuS BrJftled like an hedge-
hog; fet with prickles.
An ecbiitated fyriics in Siape approaches the eebi^
jtaied cryHalline balls. tfoodwardiat F>£llt.

E'CHJhlU^n.f. [Latin.]

I . A hedgehog.

z. A fhell fifh fet with prickleiu

3. [With botanifls.] Tlie priCk'Iy head,
cover of the feed, or top of any plant.

4.. [Inarchiteflure.] A member or orn.i-
mervt, taking its name from the rough-
nefsof the carving, refembling the prick-
Jy rind of a chefnut, and not unlike the
thorny ooat of a hetlge-hog.

This ornament is -ufeii by raodern architefls its
cornifhesof thelonick, Cocrmhi.in, and Compofite
orders; and generally fet next to the abacus, being
■curved with anchors, dartSi and ovals or eggs.

Harrli,

E'CHO. *./ Ux„; Lat.]
I . Echo was fuppofed to Tiave been once a

oyraph.

E C L

symph, who pined into a found for love
sf Narciflus,
The plealant myrtfc may teacly th' unfortunatt

Echo
In thefe woods to refound the renowned name of a
gpddcls. Sidney.

%, THe returner repercuflion of any found.

The found, filling great fpaccs in archtd lines,

cannot be guided ; therefore there hath not been any

means to-nuI« artiticial echoes. Bacan^iSat, Hiji.

3, The found returned.

Babbling echo mocks the hounds.
Replying (hrilly to the well-tun'd horns,
A< it a double huat were heard at once. Sbaiefp.

Wilt thou hunt;
Thy hounds (hall mike the welkin anfwer them ,
And fetch thrill ecboej from their hollow earth.

Shakefpeare.
O woods, O- fountains, hillocks, dales and bow'rs !
With other «-Aa late I taught your Hiades
To anfwer, and refound tar other fong ! Afi'lttft.

To you 1 mourn, nor to-the deaf 1 fing ;
The woods {hall.anfwer,.and the echc rir.g. Popt.

'Tis not cnot;^ no harthncfs gives offence;
The found muft Teem an echo to the fenfe. Pope.
5o.E'cHO. -v^n,

I. To refound ; to give the repercuflion of
a voice.

At the fattiag-

All the church «^oV. Shitie/.Tamhg of the Shrenv.
Through iDckt and. caves tke name of Delia
founds -^
Delia each cave loi-echoing rock rebvunds. Pope,
2^ To be founded back.

Hark, how the found dilhirb's imperious Rome !
Shakes her proud hilh, and rolls from dome to dome !
Her mitr'd princes bear the echoing noife,
And, Albion, dread thy wrath and awful voice.

Bta. kmore.

TffE'cHO. 'V. ai To ftnd back a voice ;
to retnm what has been ottered.
Our fepari:)s do but echo the fame note.

Decay of Piety:
With peals oflhoutj ibeTyrians praifcthc long ;
Thofe peals are ecb'^'J by the Trojan ihrong.

Dryden's J^n.
One great death deforms the dreary ground ;
The ecbo'd woes from diltaol rocks refound. Prior,

ECUIRCrSSEMENT^ ». /. [Fiench.]
Explanation ; the id of clearing up an
aifairby verbal expoftulation.

Tht eclaircijfement ended in thedifooveiyof the
informer. Clurendun.

ECLAT. H.f. [French.] Splendour; (how ;
• luftrc. Not Englilh.

Nothing more contributes to the variety, furpriie,
and eclat of Homer's battles, than that artUiciai
manner of gaging his heroes by each other.

Pope' I Ejfay on Homer.

Ecle'ctick. aij, [wAf«7w^] Sclefting ;
chuling at will.

Cicero was of the eclelilck fed, and chofe out of
each fuch ]ipicions as came oearell truth.

H'atti on the Mind.

Ecle'gma. »./. pTxand Aii;k;i<».] A form
of medicine made by the incorporation
of oils with fyrups, and which is to be
taken upon a liquorice ftick.. ^tncy,

ECU'PSE. ,/./. [?xA..T(r;<.]

. I. An obfcuration of the luminaries of
heaven ; the fun is ech'pfed by the in-
tcrvention of the moon ; the moon by
the in.t«r|X)fTtion of the earth. The word
originally fignifies departure from the
place, to which A/»//oa alludes.

Sips of yew,
Silvtr'd in the moon's iclipfe, Shakeff. Macbeth.

Planeu, planet-ftruck, real erlipft
Then fuBer'd. Milton't Paradife Left.

So though the fun viAorious be,
And froD a dark nl'spfc let free,

E C L

The influence, which we fondly fear,
Atflidts our thoughts the following year. Waller,
An eclipfe of the moon is when the atmofphere
of the earth, between the fun and the moon, hinders
the light of the fun from falling upon and being
reflci^ed by the moon: if the light of the fun is
kept oft" from the whole body of the moon, it is a
total eclipfe; if from a part only, it is a partial one.

lacke,

2. Darknefs ; obfcuration.

All the pofterityof our firft parents fuflfered a per-
petual eclipfe of fpiritual liie. Raleigh's Hift.

Experience we have of the vanity of human glory,
in our fcatterings and eclipfet. f^'tg Charles,

To Eclipse, w. a. [from the noun. J

1. To darken a luminary.

Let the *c/;^/i*i/ moon Iicr throne refign. Sandys.
Now if the earth were flat the darken'd moon
Would fccm to all ectipi'd as well as one. Creech,

2. To extinguidi ; to put out.

Then here 1 take my leave of thee,, fair fon^.
Born tu eclipfe thy life this aflernooB.

Shdufp. HenryyX,

3. To cloud ; to oljfcure..

They had leen tokens of mote than common
greatnefs, howictver iww eclipfed with.fortune.

Sidney.
Praife him to his father :
— Let the prince's ftory
Seem to eclipfe, and call a doud on his.

Dtnham's Sophy.
Let other mufcs write hii profp'rous tate,
Ofconquer'd nations tell, and kings retlor'd;

But mine fhali fing of his ec'ips'd tfiite.
Which, like the fun's more wonders doe» afford.

Dfyden.
He defccnded from his Father, and ectiffcd the
glory of his divine Majedy with a veil of ticin.

Culamy's Sermons.

4. To dTTgrace.

She told the king, that her hulband vneelipfed
in Ireland by the no-countenance his majefty had
(hewed towards him. Clarendun.

Another now hath to himfelf cngrofs'd
.Ml pow'r. Hid us ec lip t' J. Milton's Par. LoJI.

EcLi'pTiCK. rt.f. [iKAsiTTiKi?..] A great
circle of the fphere, fiippofed to t)e
drawn through the middle of the Zo-
diack, and making an angle with the
Equinoftial, in the points ot Aries and
Libra, of z-?<'. 3;'.. which is the fun's
greateft declinations This is by fome
called -via foils, or the way of the fun,
becaufe the fun, in his annual motion,
never deviates from tlus line. This line
is drawn on the globe: but ia. the new
aftronomy the Ecliptick is that path
among the fixed ftars, which the earth
appears to defcribe to an eye placed in
the fun, as in Its annual motioir it runs
round the fun from Weft to Eaft. If
you fuppofe this circle to be divided into
twelve equal parts, they will, be the
twelve frgtn. Harris

All ftars that have their dUhnce from the Eellp-
tick northwards not more than twenty-thrie degrees
and a half, may, in progrelTion of time, have de-
clination fouthward, and move beyond the equaicr,
Brov-ft's Vulgar Errours.
The terraqueous globe had the fame tite and peti-
tion, inrcfpefl of the fun, that it now huih : its
axis was not parallel to that of the Ecliptick, but
inclined i<i like manner as it is at prefent.

kh'ood-ward's Natural Hlftory.
You mud conceive an imaginary plane, which
pairing through the centre of the fun and the earth,
extends itlcU on .ill hdes as far as the firmament :
this plane is called the Ecliftick, and in this the
centre of the earth is j>eij.etuaUy carried, without
any deviation, Benlley.

Eti.i'pTicK. eiJj, Defciibed by the eclip-
tick line.

E C T

The earth's rotation makes the night and day |
The fun revolving through th' Ecliptick way,
EfFecSs the various feafons of the year. Blaekmore.

E'cLOGUE. »,f. fsxAovii.] Apaftoral poem,
fo called becaufe Hrgil called his pafto-
rals eclogues.

What exclaiming praifesBafilius gave this eclogue

any man may guefs, that knows bve is better than

fpe£lacles to make every thing feem great. Sidney.

It is not fufficient that the l'cate.ices be brief, the

whole eclogue fliouid be lb too. Pope.

ECO'NOMY. »./. [,Uo\,ij„U.] This word
is oftcrr written, from its derivation,
ticonomy ; but ce being no diphthong, in
Englilh, it is placed here with the au-
thorities for different orthography.]

I. The management of, a family ; the go-

' vernment of a houfehold.

I By St. Paul's economy the heir differs nothing
) from a I'crvant, while he is in his minority; fo *
; iervant ihould differ nothing from a child in the fub.

ftantial part. Taylor,

|z. Dittribation of expence.

Particular fums are not laid out to the greateft

advantage in h\% economy ; but arc fometimes fuf.

fered to ru« wafte,. while he is only careful of the
' main. Drydrte.

• • Frugality ; dilcretion of expence ; lauda-
. dable paiiimony.

I have no other notion o{ economy, ftijn that it ii
. the parent of liberty and eafc. S-mift to Bolingi,
4. Difpofition of things ; regulation.

All the divine and infinitely wile -ways of ecanainy
that God could ufe towards a rational creature,
oblige mankind to that courfe of living which is
molt agreeable to our nature. Hamm.

j. The difpofition or arrangement of any
work.

In the Creek poets, as in Piautus, we fee the
economy and. difpofition of poems better ob(erve4-
than m Tetence. B^n Jthnfon.

If this economy muft be obfcrved in the ininuteft"
parts of an epick poem, what foul, though fent inta
the world with great advantages of nature, culti-
vated with the liberal arts and fcienccs, can be fufa
ficicnt to inform the body of fo great a work ?

Dryden's Dedication to the j^neid*

6. Syftem of matter ; diilribution of every
thing aftivo or paflive to its proper place..

Tlielc the (frainers aid, .
That by a conllant feparation made, .
Tliey may a due economy maintain.
Exclude the> noxious pans, the good retain.

Blackmort,
Eco.No'miCK. 7 ,. rr -i

Econo'micai.. f '"V- [irom etommy.]
1 . Pertainii^ to the regulation of an houfe-
hold.

Her quick 'ning power in every living part,
Doth a» a nurfe, or as a mother ferve ;
And doth employ her tccTtomickitv,
And bufy care, her houfehold to prcferve. Davits,
In economical affairs, having propofed the go-
vernment of a family, we conlidertlie proper me.ini
toetfeait. ff.-a,„^

I. frugal.

Some are fo plainly eccnomical^ as even to defire
that the feat be well watered, .and well fwelled.

l-f'oit'./r'i /Irchitefl.
Ecehra'cticim. k. /, [?K and «if«Tl«...]
Such medicines as render tough humours
more thin, fo as to promote their dif-
charge. i^timy.

Procure the blood a froeoourfe, »entilaiion, and.
tranfpiration, by fuitable purges and ecphranick
medicines. Harvey.

E'CTASY. ;,./. [Uo^tr,,.-]
I. Anypaflion by -Afhich the thoughts are
abforbed, and in which the mind is for

• a time loft;

J Follow them fwiftly,

Ani

EDD

A|)Akini<r 0»em fmia mint this /</jJ5r
May new provoke them to. Hhaiffp. Temf.-ft.

'T may he

Nolongerjoy tliere, butaof<j?j/y. Suriling.

Whether what we call tcjiajy^ be not dreanvug
'with our ens open, I leave ti> be examined, Lvtc.
2, Exceffive joy ; rapture.
■ Olove, be ruodcrate! allay thyrr;^ijA'' Sbakeff.
The religious pleafure of a well-difpofed mind
moves gcntW, ami therefore con(fantly : it does not
"affofl by rapture and tcftafy; but is like the plea-
fure of health, ftill and lohrr. Si,iitb.
i Each delighted, and delijhiingi gives .
7^bepl^afing<-iy?«/>' which each rcteivcs, , fri^-.
'■- A pleafure, which no langnapcjiifxprffs;
■An tcjiafy, t(iat mothers only ietl,.
■ Flaysround my !>eart. Phir%fff Oijlr^fi MUfAr.
3. Enthufiafm ; exceffive elev:)ti6n and ab-
forptioa of the mind .

He lov'd me well, and oft would beg me ling ; >
Whicli when I did, he on the lender grafs
AVould fit, andJxarken even to <Ky?i»/>. _ Mitloti.

4..Exce(rivegrief or anxiety. This is not

' noyr ufed.

Sighs and groans»»nd ftirieks thatrend the air.
Are made, not mark'd ; where violent forrow fccms
A modem tcftafy. Shxktff. Macbeth.

Better be with the dead.
Than on the torture of the mind to lie
In reltlefs rty/^i/y. SLzieff. MacUtb.

5, Madnefs; diftradlion.. , This fenfe is
, not now in ufe.

. Now fee that noble and moft fovereign reafon»
Like fwee! bellsjangledouioftune, andharfli,
TTUat unmatch'd form, and feature of blown youtli,
' Slatted with tcfia/y, SbakeJ'p. Uaittltt.

E'csTASiED. ndj. [from tcftajy.'\ Ravilhi
ed ; filled with enthufiafm.

Tltefe are as common to the -inanimate things as
to the mott ccjiajicd foul upon earth. Norrh.

1. Ravifhed; rapturous; elevated tcyond
the ufual bounds of nature.

Ther? doth my foul in holy vifion fit,
In peofive trance, and anguilh, taiecftjilck kt.

Milton.

When one of them, after an ecftalica! manner,

fell down before an angel, he was feverely rebuked,

and bidden to woifliip Cod. SiUlingfiut.

In ttinccccflalici may thypangs be drovvn'd\
Bright clouds defcend, and angels watch thee taund.

Pol>c.

2. R;.ifed to the higheft degree of joy.

To gain Pefcennius one employs his fchemcs ;
One grafps a Cecrops in ccjhiick dreams. Pope.

3. Tending to external objefts. This fenfe
is, I think, only to be found once,
though agreeable enough to the deriva-
tion.

1 find in me a great deal of ecfiatical love,
which continually carries me out to good without
myfelf. Norrit.

E'tTYPE. »./. [«««/!r®-..] A copy.

The complex ideas of fubllaoces are eSiypei, co-
pict, but not pcrfeft ones ; not adequate. Lock!

E'cuRiE. «. /. [French; eqmisy I.at.] A
place covered for the lodging or houfing
of horfes.

Eda'cious. adj' [fJtix, Lat.] Eating;
voracious; devouring; predatory; rave-
nous ; rapacious ; greedy.

Eda'city. ». /. [eJacifm, Lat.] Voraci-
ty ; ravenoufnefs ; greedinefs ; rapacity.

The wolf it a bealf of great eiiacily and digeftion ;
it may be the paru of him comlort the bo^vels.

Bacorr,

To E'DDER. 'V, a. [probably from etlge.']

To bind or interweave a fence. Not in

ufe.

To add ftrength to the hedge, tdJtr it ; which

' is, bind the t«p of the tiikes with frttwflhul] toKg
pole«V)n ea»h lid* •' Mtrtlmer's Hu/ia)iiity.

E'ddbr. >/.'/. [from theverk}.SiKh fence-
wood as is commonlv pOt u{>0p tlip top
of fences, Not in uCi,

In lopping and felling, fave eiJJfaal Ihike, .'
Thine hedges, as needelli, to mend cr to mike.

Tujer.

E'ODY. v. /. [«;bi baektiuardi ■aga:»i and

ca, iitUir, Saxon.]
», The water that- by fome repyercuffion,

or oppoljte ■wift'd, runi contrary tp the

main ftreaci. ■ „. '
My praifes are as'a bulriirti, upon 4 Itream; if

they link not, 'tis becaufethay arc borne up by the
I itrength «f the cut-relit, which fupports their light-
' ncf«i but they arc carried round again, and return
, <mtht<'</(<ywliere they lirft began. Dry Jen.

,2. Whirlpool; circular motion.

j The wild waves mafter'd him, ai:d fuck'd him in,

I And fmiling w^rfiVrdimpled ontFie'maio. Dryden.

So, where our %vide Numidian waftes extend,

1 Sudden, th* impetuous hurricanes defcend, ' . .'

i Wheel through the air, in circiiiie; eddies play,

I Tear up the funds, and fwcep wliole plains away. ,
' Addifon's Cjto.

!E'd d y . aJj. Whirling ; moving circularly.

i And chaff with eddy winds is whirl'd around,
And dancing leaves are lifted from the ground.

Dryd.yirg.

iiDEMA'To'sE. adj. [t!Ciy>)/x.«i.] Swelling;
full t)f humours ; commonly written ocde-

■ . Aforofity obftrufting the glands may be watery,

I edimaloje, and fchitrous, accofdhig to- the'v'tfcolity

ot the hunour, i Arbuthnat.

Ede'ntated. '/Jia^'. \edetita1us, Lat..J De-
prived of teeth. Did:
EDGE. «./, [ecbe, Saxon.]
I. The thin or cutting part of a blade.

Seize upon Fife ; give to the -edgeo' th' fword
His wife, his babes. Xbakeff. Macbeth.

He that will a gP9d f(/^f win,
Muft forge thick, and grind thin. Proverb.

Thcf^^fotwar, like an ill-fhealhed knife,
No more (half cut his m-aftcr. Sbaie/f.

•Tis llanJcr,
\Vhofe edS' is^fl^arper than the fwcrd.
I , Sihiir/f. Cymbciine.

i. A narrow part rifing from a broader.

! Soine;hatrow their ground over, and then plow
1 it upon 'an^y^f'-. ' Mortimer* iliujhandry.

3. Brink ; 'margin ; extferhity.

The fays which p'afs very near to the tdgei of

any body, are bent a little by the aftion of the body.

Netvtm's Opiich.

We have, for many years, walked upon the edge

of a precipice, while nothing but the {lender thread

' of human life has held Us from finking into endlels

I mifcry. Rogers.

' Y?^, the laft pen for fixedom let me draw,

; When tnitbiftaads trembling on the ^dge o{ law.

Pope.

4. Sharpnefs of mind ; proper difpofition
for adion or operation; intenfenefs of

. defire.

Give him a further edge,
I And drive his purpofe into ihel'e delights.

Siiikr/p. H.imlel.
' But when long time the wretches thoughts refin 'd.
When want had fci an eHgi upon their mind,
Then various cares their working thoughts employ'd.
And that which each invented, all enjoy'd.

Creech's Mam I.

Silence .uid folitude fet an edge upon the genius,

and caufe a greater application. Dryd. Dufrrfmy.

J. Keennefs; acrimony of temj-)er.

Abate the edge of traitors, gracious Lord !
That svould reduce thefe bloody days again.

Shakefp.Rleb III.

16. Te/et teeth on Bbce. To caufe a ting-
ling uneafinefs in the teeth.

El 15.1

■T*

Ai htrfii grating tutntf^letb the teeth oneign >

Bacon,.

' To Edc b, "k. a. [from the noun. ]
1. To ftiarpen ; to enable to cut.

There' fat (he rolling her alluring eyes,
- To Mge her champion 's f-A-urd, and urge my ruin.

Dryicit,
z. To fumi(h with an edge.

I feli'd along a man of bearded face,
His limbs all covei'd with a (hining cafe ;
So wond'rous hard, und'fotecure of wound.
It made my f\\erd, though-ct/gV with flint, rtbbunj",

Drydtri,
'3. To border with any thing ; to fringe, •
Their long defcendine train,
With rubies edg'J, -and I^philet,fwept the' plain.

Dryiet.

I rid over hanging hills, whofe tops were e,/gej

with groves, and wliofo feet were watered wyth

winding rivers. Pope,

4. To exafperate; to embitter.

By fuch reafonings the fimple were "tilinde J, and

the malicious edged. Hay^Lratd.

I He was indigent and low in jponey.^whlch per.

j ■ hajis mrght have a little r/gferfhisdel^ieratfon.' ,j

. Ifoitm's Life ofD. c/BueiE

J. To put forward beyond a line.

Edging by degrees their chairs forwards, they
' were in a little time gotupclofe to one another.

Loiie,

Te Edge. 'v. ti. [perhaps from eb, back-

i ward, Saxon.] To move forward a;;ai^pft

any power ; going clofe upon a wind, .is

if upon its l)virts or.border^ and fo failing

'. flow.

1 muft edge upon a point of wind.
And make ilow way. Drydeai*s Cleometies,

%'ooi.\>. particijiialadj. [from f(s(ff .] Sharp;
not blunt.

We find that fubiile or edged quantities do pre-
vail over blunt onci. Oigby sn Bodies,

E'doinc. //,/. [iromedge,^

1 . What is added to any thing by way of
ornament.

The garland « liich I wove for you to wear,
1 And bordcr'd with a rofy edging round. Dryden,
A woman branches out into a long differtation
upon the edging of a petticoat. Addifon's SpeO,

2. A narrow lace.

E'dceless. eidj. [from edge."] Blunt; ob-
tufe; unable to cut.

To-morrow in the battle think on me.
And fall thy edgiUfs fword ; defpair apd die. \ .

Sbaiefp.Rich.m,
' They are edgelefs weapons it hath to encounter.

Dec. of P.
E'dge'tool. »./. [edge AnA. lool.^ A tool
made (harp to cut.

'there mult be no playing with things (acred, not

jcfting with tdgtiools. L'EJiran^e,

Nuifesfronnheir children VeAfedgetools. Dorjrt.

I fliall csercil'e upon ileel, and its feveral forts;

and what fort is litlelt for edgelocls, which for fprings.

' Moxon,

E'dcewise. adv. [edge and ii.'i/e.'\ With
the edge put into any particular direftion.

Should the flat fide be objefted 10 the dream, it
would be foon turned edge^ife by the force of it.

Ray.

E'oible. adf. [from edo, Latin.] Fit to
be eaten ; fit for food.

Some fleih is n6t edible, as horfes and dogs. Baeon.
Wheat and barley, and the like, are made eitlier
edible or potable by man's art and induftry-.

More againji Atbtiftn.
Some of the fungous kind, gathered for cdiUt mulh-
rooms, have produced a difficulty of breathing.

Arbuibnot,
The edillt creation decks the board. Prior,

E'dict. ». /. [ediaiim, Lat.] A procla-
mation or command or prohibition :^ a
law promulgated.

When

Wfiin in a^jfolute monarch commjnJsJ hii fub-
jc^s tiiat which leemeih good in his own difcretion,
fcjth not liis tiiil3 tlic force of a law? Hotkir.

The great King c cings,
Halh in the table of i'.islaw commanded
That thou Hialt do no murder; will you then
Spurn at his fdicfj and fulfil a man's }

Sbuke/p. Rich. lU.
ScTcre decitts may keep our tongues in avve.
But to our thoughts what tiiiSf can give law ? DryJ.
The minilters are always preaching, and the go-
Ternours putting out etiuls, agaiufl gaming and fuie
ctoaths. Addifin.

Euifica'tion. n.J. \edificatio,\M.\
r. The aft of building up man in the faith;
improvement in holinefs.

Our bleli'ed Saviour told us, that we muft account

for every idle word, not meaning that every word

not (Jrfigncd for edijicaiion, or lefs prudent} Ihall be

reckoned for a fin. Taylor.

2. Iroproremcnt ; inftrutflion.

Out of ihefe magazines I fhall fupply the town
with what may tend to their edljiciition.

Addi/on's Citafdtart,

IS'dipici. It,/, {^iificium, Lat.] A fabrick;
a building ; a (Iruclure.

M) love was like a fair houfe built oB another
man's ground ; fo that I hive \o\\ my tdljice by mif-
takicj the place where I ereflcd it.

Shaktff. Meriy fflvti of IViitdfcr.
Cod built
So fpacious, and his line ftretch'd out fo' far,
That man may know he dwells not in his own ;
An edljice too large for him to till. Mlliin.

ThKfdl^ce, where all were met to fee him.
Upon their heads and on his own he puli'd. Miiton.
,^s Tufcan pillan owe their original to this coun-
try', the architeSs always gi<t them a place in (://-
fictt raifed in Tofcany.

Add'ifon on it.tly.

He muft be an idiot that cannot dilcem mote

flrokes of woikmanthip in the ftru^ure of an animal

than in the moft elegant edifice. Beiilley.

Edifi'er, ?/./. [from edifj-.'l One that im-
proves or inftrufts another.
To EDIKY'. V. a. \edifco, Lat.]
1.. To build.

There was a holy chapel edify' J,
Wherein the hermit wont to lay
His holy tilings each morn and erenlide. Sftnfer.

Men ha« edify' d
A lofty temple, and perfum'dan altar to thy name.

Chapm.

%. To inftruft ; to in>proTe.

He who fpeakeih no more than edifietb^ is unde-
fervcdly repichendcd for much fpcaking. iUcker.

Men ate edified^ when cither their underOanding
is taught fomewhat whereof, in fuch adlions, it
bchoveth all n^cn to conlidcr, or when their hearts
are moved with any affeflion fuitable thereunto.

Hooker,
Life it IM life, without the UcICng of a friendly
■nd an edifying converfation . h 'Eflrange.

He g;ive, he taught ; and edify* d the more,
Becaufc he Ihew'd, by prooff 'twas eafy to be poor.

. bryde„.

J. To teach; to perfuade. This is now
either obfolete or ludicrous.

You (hall hardly edfy me, that thofe nitioni
might not, by the law ot nature, have been fubdued
by any nation that had only policy and moral vir-
tue. Bacon' z Holy IVar,
E'dm.e, n.f. [W/7;'/,I^itin ] The title of a
magiftrate in old Rome, whofe office
feems in fome particulars to have re-
fembled that of our joftices of peace.

The edilr, ho I let him be apprehended. Sbakeff.
EDI'TION. n.f. [ediiio. Utin.]
I. Publicationof any thing, particularly of
a book.

tt*n,

This Eo^rifh edition a not fo propeily a tranfla-
i»n, as a new compofiuos upon the ume ground.

Vol. I,

Burnet.

E FF

2. Republk'atton ; generally with fome re-
vifal or correfting.

Thefe are of the fecond edition. Sbaktff.

The bufinefs of our redcnption is to tub over ilie
defaced copy of the crcation» to reprint God's ima^e
upon the foul, and to fet forth nature in a fecond and
a fairer edition. South.

1 cannot go fo far as he who publilhcd the laO: cdi-
tivH of him. Dryden's Fal/Us, Pref.:cc.

The Code, compofed hailily, was forced to un-
dergo an emendation, and to come forth in a fecond
edition. Baker.

E'ditor. n.f. [(■(///or, Latin.] Publifher;
he that revifes or prepares any work for
publication.

When a different reading gives us a different fenfc,

or a new elegance in an author) the ediror does very

well in taking notice of it. /Iddif. Spili.

This noiifenfe got into all the editions by a miilake

of the ftage ediitrt. Pope'i Notes on Shakefp.

ToE'DUCATE. -v. a. [educo, Latin.] To
breed ; to bring up ; to inftrucl youth,

Theiryoung fucccfllon all theircares employ.
They breed, they brood, inftnifl and educate.
And make provilion for the future (late. Dryd. I'irg.

Education is worfe, in proportion to the grandeur
of the parents : if the whole world were under one
■lonarch, the heir of that monarch would be the
worft educated mortal fince the creation.

Stvift on Modern Education.

Educa'tion.*./. [from educate.] Forma-
tion of manners in youth ; the manner of
breeding youth ; nurture*

Education and inllruflion are the means, the one
by ufe, the other by precept, to make our natural
faculty of txal'on both the better and the fooner to
judge rightly between trutli and error, good and evil.

H^^oker.

All nations have agreed in the necelfity of a (Iritl
tduealion, which confided in the Obfervance of moral
duties. S^ift.

To EDU'CE. f. a. [tduco. Latin.] To bring
out ; to extraft ; to produce from a ftate
of occultation.

That 'the world was r^ji/r**^/ out of the power of
fp'cc, give that as a reafon of its original 1 in this
language, to grow rich, were to /t/urr monev out of
the power of the pocket. clan^ille.

This matter muft have lain eternally confined to
its beds of earth, were there not this agent to educe it
thence. H^oodiv.

Th" eternal irf e</aff J good from ill.
Crafts on this pafTion our bell principle. Pfpe.

Eotj'cTisN. n, f. ffrom edure.] The ad

of bringing any thing into view.
To EDU'LCORATE. or. a. [from dtthis,

Latin.] To fwectcn. A chymical term.
Edulcora'tion. n, f, [ftom edulcorate,]

The adl of fweetening.
To Eek. -v. a, [eacan, ccan, ican. Sax, eai,

Scott, eck, Erfe.]

1 , To make bigger by the addition of an-
otlierpicce.

2. To fupply any deficiency. See Eke.

Hence cndlefs penance for our fault I pay ;
But that redoubled crime, witli vengeance new,
Thou biddeft me to eke. Fairy S^ueen,

Eel. n.f, [ccl, Saxon ; W, German.] A
ferpcntine (limy fi(h, that lurks in mud.

Is the adder better than the eri,
Becaufc his painted (kin contenir. the eye ? Sbakeff.
The Cockney put the eelt V th' pafty alive.

Shakefpeare,

E'en. -ad-v. Contrafted from tven. See
Even,

Says the fatyr, if you have a trick of blowing hot
and cold out of the fame mouth, 1 have e'm done
with you. L'Ejhange.

Eff. n.f. Commonly written Eft, A fmall
lizard.

EFF

E'ffabl^. adj. [effabills, Latin.] Ex-
prcflive ; utteraWe. DiSt

To EfFa'ce. -v. a, [cffacer, Frerxh.]

1. To deftroy any thing painted, or catted.

2. To m.ikc no inore legible or vifiblt; ta
blot out ; to ftrike out.

Chai-aders on duil, the firft breath of wind eficett.
l^cke,

1 1 was ordered, that his name (hould be effaced out
of all pubiickregillers. Addifon on Italy.

Time, I faid, may happily efface.
That cruel image of the king's difgrace. Prior.

Otway fail'd to polilh orretine.
And fluent Shakefpearc fcarce tffuc'd a line. Pop^

3. To deftroy ; to wear away.

Nor our admiftion (htill your realm dllgiace.
Nor length of time ourgratitude efface. Dry'd./En,
Effe'cT, n.f, \cgeilus, Latin.]

1 . That which is produced by an o})eratinfr
caufe.

You may fee by her example, -in herfflf wife,
and ofolhers belovej, that neither folly is the caufe
ot vehement love, nor reproach the cffcB, Sidney.

Flffr3 is the fubilancc produced, or fimple idcJi
introduced into any fubjedl, by the cxerting.of power*

LiOcke.

We fee the pernicious (^i57j of luxury in the an-
cient Romans, who immediately found themfelvcs
poor as foon as this vice got tooting among them.

Addifm ctt Italy,

2. Confequence; event.

No man, in effeS, doth accompany with othert,
but he icarnctlr, ere he is aware, iome gcllure, or
voice, or faihlon. Bacon's Natural HiJior\,

To fay of a celebrated piece that there aie laults
in It, is, M^effelf, to fay that tlie author of it is a
man. Addifon.

3. Purpoft; meaning; general intent.
They fpakc to her to that rffe£l. 2 Cbron.

4. ConfequenCe intended ; fuccefs ; advan*
tage.

thrift is become of nof^fluntoyou. Gal.i 4,
He Ihould depart only with a title, the cffrti
whereof he (liould not be pofliiiUd of, before he de-
fcivcd it. Vlareridun.

The inftitution has hitherto proved without f^ic7|
and has neither extinguiihcd crimes, nur IciVened the
numbers of criminals. Templi',

J. Completion j perfeftion.

Not fo worthily to be brought to heroical rffeSJhy
fortune or neccflity, like Uly&s and iEnea>, as by
one's own choice and working. Sidney,

Semblant art (ball catve the lair cffcfl.
And full atchicvement of thy gicat defigns. Prisr.

6. Reality; not mere appearance.

In (hew, a marvellous indifferently compofed fe*
natc ecclefiaftical was to govern, but in tffe& one
only man (liould) as the fpirit and foul of the reliilue.
do all in all. Hucken

State and wealth, the bufincfs and the crowd.
Seems at this diftance but a darker cloud ;
And is to him, who rightly things elleemS)
No other in effe£l than what it feems. Denharlt.

7. [In the plural.] Goods; mo\'eablesw

What form of prayer
Can ferve my turn ? Forgive me my foul murtherj
That cannot be, fince I am (till poflirft
Of thofe effrSii for which I did the murther,
My crown, mine own ambition) and my queen.

Shakff^,
The emperor kniw that they could not convey
away many of their effeSif. Addifi/n'i Spitl.

To Eff^'ct. [1;. n. [c^f/o, Latini]

1. To bring to pafs ( to attempt with fuc-
ccfs ; to atchieve; to accomplilh as an
agent.

Being confuH I doubt not t' effiSJ
All that you wi(h. B^nfonfon,

2. To produce aS a i:aufe.

The change made of that fyiup into a purple colour,
w»i cffiflcd by the vinegar. Boyle on Colours,

E f F I 'c T 1 B L E . adj. [ fro m effeff, ] Perform,
able; prafticablc; fcniiblr^

4 U That

E F F

Th»t» |K>t fiai of alhe» w'tll ftiU eonttin ta much

water u it would wiihoui ihsm, is nateffratUevf-

on (he ftriaeft expefimcnt. Biown's ful^. Brr.

EprE'cTlVE. aJj, [from effeiH.]

I.. Having the power to produce effcfts j

efficacious ; effeftual : with of.

The; v^ "•>* tffcSiive of anything, nor leave Bo
work behind them. Haran.

If apymjfttry, rite, or facrament, be effrCliwoi
anyfpiriiualbleltin^s, then this much more, as hav-
int; the prerogative and principality above every thing
elfe. Tdj/sr.

TRere is nothing in words and ftiles butfuitablc-
neft, ihat makes them acceptable and effeClivt.

CUmiilU.

2. Operative ; aftive ; having the quality of
producing effetf^s.

Nor do they fpeak properly who fay that time con-
fumeth all things J for time is not cji^ii-c, not are
bodies deftroyed by it. Brown's I'ulgar Err.

3. Producing effefts; efficient,

Whofoever is an effcclive real caufe of doing his
neighbour wrong is criminal, by what inftrument
foever he does it. , Taylor.

4. Having the power of operation ; ufcful :
as, fffe^i've men in an army<

Effe'ctitely. adv. [from effeakie.']
Powerfully; with real operation.

This (ffeanely refifti the devil, and fufiers us to
receive no hurtfrsm him.

Taylor'i Riilf of living holy.

Effe'ctless. o^'. [trom ^-A] Without
eficft; impotent; ufelefs; unmeaning.

I'll chop off my hands;
In bootlefi prayer have they been held up.
And they have ferv'd me to tffeSilrft ufe. Shjkr/f.
Effe'ctor. »./. [efe^or, Latin.]

1. He that produces any effeft; performer.

2. Maker; Creator.

We commeraoraic the creation, and pay worrtiip
to that inliniie Being who was the effenoro't it.

Dtrham.

Effe'ctual. adj. [effeSlual, French.]

1, Produftive of cffefts; powerful to a de-
gree adequate to the occafion ; operative ;
efficacious.

Tlic rctding of fcripture is cffefiual, as well to
lay even the lull foundation, as to add degrees of far-
ther pcrfeftion, in the f&x of God. Hi,iiker.

The communication of thy faith may become
rffeBual, by the acknowledging of every good thing.

Philrm. 6.

2. Veracious; expreflive of fafts. A fenfe
not in ufe. •.

Reprove my allegation, if you can ;
Or eile ca.\clude my words cffcflual. Sliahrfp.

Effe'ctuaii.y. adv. [itom fjf'eclual.] in
a manner produftive of the confequcnce
intended ; efficacioufly.

Sometime the fight of the altar, and decent pre-
ratdtioiis for devotion, may comj-of'c and recover
the wandering miud moie rJfiHuatiy than a fermoa.

A fubjeS of that vaft latitude, that the ftreiifi.h
of one man will fcarcely be fufficiei.t cffi.-inul/y to

•v. a. [effeauer, French.]
Tobring topafs; to fulfil.

lie foinid means to ac<)iiatnt hitnfclf with a no-
bleman, 10 wlwm diftovcring what he was, he
found him a fit mlttumenl toeffe^unlc his defire.

Siiinty.
Effe'mi.iiaCV. It./, \irom eff'tmi/inte,']

1. Adinilfion of the qualities of a woman,
fofmefs ; unmanly delicacy; mean fub-
miffion.

But toul rfftminary held me yok'd
lUr bond rt.ive: O indifnity, O Wot
To honour and religion I Mi'lon'i Agonificu

2. Lafcivjo'jfncfs; loofe plcafure.
&o long as idlenefais (joitcihut out from out\ivcs.

carry it on. '

To Kfff'ctuate

, all the flnj of wantonnefi, foftnefr, anjl fffemimtcy
nre pre«nted. Taylor.

EFFE'MINATE. adj. \effemina1u!, Latin.]

1. Having the qualities of a woman; wo-
manifii ; foft to an unmanly degree ; vo-
luptuous ; tender; luxurious : of perfons.

The king, by his voluptuous life and mean mar-
riage, became rffeminaie, and lefs fcniible of honour.

Bacon.

2. Refembling the praftice of a woman ;
womanifh: of things.

After the (laughter of lo many peers.
Shall we at lall conclude tffeminaie peace ? Sljaiefp.

From man's efftrr.inate ll.ickncis it begins,
Who (hould better hold Irs place. Milton.

The more rffrminale and foft his life.
The more his fame to llrugjle to the field. DryJ.

J. Womanlike ; foft without reproach. A
fenfe not in ufe.

As well we know your tendernefs of heart.
And gentle, kind, effem'matf remorfe. Shakrfp.

To Effe'minate. <i>. a. [,?^wr»a, Latin.]
To make womanifti ; to weaken ; to emaf-
culate ; to unman.

When one is fure it will not corrupt or effcminaie
children's mi-.ids, and make them fond o( trifles, 1
think all things Ihould be contrived to their fatis-
faflion. ^'''"•

To Effe'minatb. v. ». To grow wo-
manilh; to foften; to melt into weak-

nefs.

In a (lothful peace both courage will effeminate mi

manners corrupt. Pofe.

Effemina'tfon. «./. [from effeminate.]

7 he ftate of one grown womanifh ; the.

ftate of one emafculated or unmanned.

Vices the hare figured; not only feneration, or
ufury, I'rom its fecundity and fuperfetation, but de-
generate rffemination. B.icon's Vulgar Errsurs.
To EFFERVE'SCE. -v. n. [effer-vefio. La-
tin.] To generate heat by inteltine mo-
tion.

The compound fpiri? of nitre, put to oil of cloves,
will efferiefce even to a flame. MeaJ on Poifoiis.

E F f I R V £ ^s c E N c E . w./. [ ftom efervco, La-
tin. The adt of growing hot; produc-
tion of heat by inteftine motion.

In the thymical fcafe, effervtfcence fignifies an
intclline motion, produced by mixing two bodies to-
gether that lay at reft beiorej attended lometimes
with ahUriog noife, frothing, and ebullition.

Arbuthnot on Aliment i.

Take chalk, igniteil in a crucible, and then pow-
der it ; put it into llroog fpirit of nine, till it bei;<imes
fwTetiili, and makes no iffa-.icfcince upon the iii-
jccfion of the chalk. Grnu.

Hot fprings dp not owe their heal to anycoUuifta-
tion ox effervejctnce of the minerals in theip, but to
fubteriaiican heat or hre. IV^^aU'warJ's Sal. Hiji.
Effe'te. <;y^'. [t^rf-/ttr, L.uin.]
I. Barren; difabled from generation.

It is probable th*t females have in tlicm the fccils
of all the young they v.-ill afterwards bring forth,
wliicli, all fuent and cxhaufted, the animal becomes
barren and ^effete. Ray-

In moll countries the eaith would be fo parched
and effete by tin: drought, tliat it would aftoii but
one harvcll. Bcntlcy.

z. Worn out with age.

.Ml that can be allo.vtd liim now, is to rcfrcfh his
decrepit, effde fcnfuality, with the hiilory 01 his
former lilc. South.

EFFICA'CIOUS. fl<^'. \efficax,\M\Vi.'\ Pro-
duftive of cfFcfts ; powerful to produce
the confequcnce intended. ^.

A glowing drop with hollow'd llecl
He takes, and, by oi.e effeacious brcail).
Dilates to cube or fquare. Pliilijii.

Effica'ciously. adv. [from efficaciotts.\
Effertually ; in fuch a manner as to pro-
duce the confequcnce dcfircd.

.\n, f. [from efficio, Latin.]
. ) The aft of producing

E F F

• If we find that any other bodv ftrjkes »^«t(V/fy
enough upon it, we cannot doubt out it will move that
way in which the ftriking body impels it.

Digby on Bodieu

E'fficacy. n. f. [from efficax, Latin.]
Power to produce eliecls ; ptoduftion of
the confcquence intended.

Whaifi.ever is fpoken concerniDg the efficacy or ne-
ceility of God's word, they tie and reftrain only into
fermons. Hooker.

Whether if they had tailed the tree of life before
that of good and evil, they hid fuftiired the curfe of
mortality ; or whether the effi.a y of the one had
not overpowered the penalty ol the other, we leave it
unto God. Brovin.

Efficacy is a power of fpeech which reprcfents a
thing, by prefenting to oar minds the lively ideas or
forms. Peacham.

The apoftle tells us of the fuccefs and efficacy of
the Gofpcl upon the minds •f men ; and, for thii
reafon, he calls it the power of God unto falvation.

Tillotfon.

1'he arguments drawn from the goodnefs of God,
have a prevailing ir^Kify to induce men to repent.

Rogers.
Effi'cience

E»l I'CI ENCY.

efFeds; agency.

The manner of this divine effiienry being far
above us, we are no more able to conceive by our
reafon, than creatures uniealbnable by their fenfe aiie
able to apprehend alter what manner we difpofe and
order the courfe of our aftairs. Hooker.

That they are carried by the manudu£lion of a
rule, is evident; but what that regulating efficiency
Ihould be, is not eafily determined. CTanvilti,

Sianing againft confciencc has no fpecial produc-
tive efficieny of this particular fort of finning, more
than of any other. South.

A pious will is the means to enlighten the under-
ftanding in the truth of ChriHianity, upon the account
of a natural efficiency 1 a will fo difpofed, will engage
the mind in a fevere fcarch. Souib.

Gravity does not proceed from the efficiency oi any

contingent and unliable agents ; being e»tirely owing

to the dire£l concourfe of the power of the Author of

nature, kHodiiard.

Effi'cient. «./. [(#i-w, Latin.]

1. The caufe which makes effeds to be what

they are.

God, which moveih meer natural agents as an
efficient only, doth otherwife move intelleflual crea-
tures, and efpecially his angels. Hooker,

2. He that makes ; the effeftor.

Obfervations of the order of nature carry the rniod
up to the admiration of the great e^r/Vnr of the world.

Hale.

Effi'cient. ad/. Caufing effeds ; that
makes the efFed to be what it is.

Your anfi"<ring in the final caufe, makes me be-
lieve you arc at a lofs for the effi.irnt.

Collier on Ttoifgbt.

roEFl'GlATE. -v. <7. [effigio, L-M\n.'\ !>
form in femblance ; to image.

Ef riGi a'tion. It./, [frovacffigiate.'] The
ad of imaging; or forming the refcm-
blancc of things or perfons. Di3.

Effi'gies. "I ?/./. {ej/igics, Latin; effigy is

■)"

E'ffigy. J from being in r^^^^.] Rc-
femblance ; image in painting or fculp-
ture ; rcprefentation; idea.

We behold the fpecies of cloijuence in our minds,
the effigies or aflual image of wliich we fcek in the
organs of our hearing. DtyJen's Diifrejnoy, Pref,

Obferve thofe numerous wrongs in effigy.
The gods have fav'd from the devouring lea. Garth.
EfFLORe'sCENCF. 7 rem r T .• 1

EfFLORE SCENCV. S J \.M J • J

I. Produdion of flowers.

Where there is lefs heat, there the fpirit of the
plant is digcfled, and levered from the gfulVerjuiie in
effiorcfen.e. - Bacon.'

I. iixcrcfccncics in the form of flowers.

Two

E F F

Two white Tparry incruftjtions, with ijjlirtfctn-
eies in form of ftirubs, formed bjr the trickling of
water. fVoidivarJ.

3. [In phyfick.] The breaking out of

fome humours in the (kin, in diiiempcrs

called exanthematous ; as in the meafles,

and the like. ^lincf.

A wart beginneth in the cutis, and feemeih to be

an efflore/cnce of the fc'fum oi the biood.

H'rffman^i Surgery.
Efplore'scent. aJJ. \efflorefco, Lat.]
Shooting out in form of flowers.
Yeilow efforefcent fpirrj incmllations on ftone,

E F F

KfFLu'eNCE, ff. /. [effuo.

Latin.] That

which iflues from fome other principle

Bright effluence of bright clTeHce increate. Mllian.

Thefe fcintillations are not the afcenfion of the
air upon the coliilion of two hard bodies, but rather
the inflammable effiumcct difcharged from the
baches collided. Brnun.

From the bright effluener of his deed
They borrow that refleflcd light,

With which the lairing lamp they feed,
Whofe beams difpcl the damps of envious aighr.

Prhr.

Efflu'via. T «'•/• [from ^ffluo, Latin.]

Efflu'vium. J Thofe fmail particles

which are continually flying off from

bodies ; the fubtilty of which appears from

their being able, a long time together, to

produce very fenfible effcfts, without any

fenfible diminution of the body from

whence they arife. ^incj.

If the earth were an ele^lrick body, and the air

but the effiu-vium thereof, we might believe that

from attraction, and by effluxion, bodies (ended to

the earth. Brnun.

Neither the earth's diurnal revolution upon its

axis, nor any magnetick ejflitviii of the earth, nor

the air, or atmolphcie which environs the earth,

can produce gravity. IfusJward.

If thefe e^ui'ijf which do upward tend,
Becaufe Irfs heavy than the air, afcend ;
Why do they ever from their height retreat.
And why return to feck their central feat ? Blackm.

E'fflux. n.f. \effiuxut, Latin.]

1. The act of flowing out.

Through the copious efflux of matter through
the orifice of a deep ulcer, he was reduced to a
(keleton. Harvej,

2. Effufion ; flow.

Thefirrt ifflux of men's piety, after receiving of
the faith, was the felling and conl'ecraiing their
polTeffions. HummenJ.

J. That which flows from fomcthing clfe;
emanation.

Prime chearer, light !
Of all material beings, firll and bc{{ !
Efflux divine ! tbomfut't Summer.

4. The aft of flowing is more properly ef.
fluetict, and that which flows more pro-
perly effiux.
Ti Efflu'x. 1;. n. [rffluo, Latin.] To
run out ; to flow away. This is not of-
ten in ufe.

Five ihoufand and fome odd centuries of years
are effiuxed fince the creation. Beyle's Seraph, L(iVe.
Kfflu'xion. n.f. [effluxum, Latin.]

1. The aft of flowing out.

By effluxion and attraction bodies tend towards
the earth. Braivn.

2. That which flows out ; effluvium ; ema-
nation.

"There are fome light effluxicni horn fpirit to

fpirit, when men are one with another.; as from

body to body. Baem.

7e Effo'rce. -v. a. [(;^or«r, French.]

1. To force ; to break through by violence.

In all that room was nothing to be fcen,
But huge great iron cUcUt and <.afii»> ftrwg,

All barr'J with double bonds, that ne'er could
ween
Them to efforce by violence or wrong. Fairy ^u.

2. To force; to ravifh ; to violate by force.

Then 'gan her beauty (hine as brightell Iky,
And burnt his beaftly heart t' effme her chaflity.

itperfer.

3. To ftrain ; to exert with effort or \'ehe-
nicnce. This word is not now ufed.

1 he palmer lent his ear unto the noife,
To wheet who called fo importunely ;
Again he heard a more efforced voice.
That bad him come in halle. Spenfer.

TiEFFo'RM. -v.a. [efformo, Latin.] To
make in any certain manner ; to Ihape ;
to fafhion.

Merciful and gracious, thou gaveft us being, raif-
ing us from nothing, and efflirmiiig us after thy
own image. laylor.

Efforma'tion. v./. [from efform.'] The
aft of fafhioniug or giving form to.
^fature begias to let upon her work of effurmalion.

. M'jie.

They pretend to folve ph.-enomena, and to give

an account of the produaion and effirmalhn of the

uiiivcrfe. " Rjy,

E'ffort. »./ [ffort, French.] Struggle;
ftrain ; vehement aftion ; laborious en-
deavour.

If, after having gained viflories, we had made
the lame ejirtt as if we had loft them, Franc*
could not have withllood us.

Addifon on the Stale tflki Hat.

Though the fame fun, with all ditfufive tJys,
Blufh in the rofe, and in the diamond blaze,'

We prize the iironger rffari of his pow'r.
And always fct the gem above the flow'r. Pope.

Effo'ssion. «. /. {tffiiAto, Latin.] The
aft of digging up from the ground ; de-
terration.

He fet apart annual Arms for the recovery of ma-
nufcripts the ejfejjion of coins, and the procuring
of mummies. Arbuthnot.

Effra'iable, adj. [effroyable, French.]
Dreadful; frightful; terrible. A word
not ufed.

Pellileiiiial fymptoms declare nothing a propor-
tionate efficient of their effraiile nature but arfeni-
cal fumes. Harvey.

Effro'ntery. n.f. [effrtinterlt.Yi.l Im-
pudence; IhameieflTncfs; contempt of re-
proach.

They could hardly contain themfelves within one
unworthy afl, who had effrontery enough to com-
mit or countenance it. f<'''l Charlei.

EFT

Ing in fumes An ufeful word, but not
adopted.

They feem to define mercury by vo'atilitjr, or, if
I may coin fuch a word, effumahiliiy, Bifie,

To EFFU'SE. -v. a. {tffufm, Lat.] To pour
out ; to fpill ; to ihed.

He fell, and, deadly pale,
Groan'd outhis foul, with guiliing blood rffas'd.

Milmt.
At lad emerging from his noftrils wide.
And guOiing mouth, effui'd the briny tide.

Pile's Odyfey,

Effu'se. n.f. [from the verb,] Wailc ;
efi"ufion. Not ufed.

1 he air hath got into my deadly wounds.
And much effu/e of blood doth m.ike me faint.

aiiakefp,
Effu'sion, n.f. leffufto, Latin.]
I. The aft of pouring out.

My heart luih melted at a lady's tears.
Being an oidinaiy inundation;
But this effufion of luch manly drops.
This Ihow'r, blown up by tcnipcit ot the foul.

Othcis with ignorance and infufficielicy have
felf-admifilion and effrontery to fet up themfelves.

i*'alii.
A bold man's effromtery, in company with wo-
men, mill be owing to his low opinion of them,
and his hieh oneof himfelf. Cl.ttiff,t.

Ta Effu'i.ge, v. n. [rjiilgco, Latin.] lo
fend forth iuflre or cff^ulgence. I know
not that this word is ufed.

The topai charms the fight,
Like thefe effulging yellow Itreams of light Saz'age.
Effu'lcence. n. f. \effulgei, Latin.]
Luftre; brightnefs ; clarity: fplendour.

On tlue
Imprefj'd, th ' effulgence of his glory abides. Milton.

'Ihy luttre, bleft iffulgcrwe, can difpel
The cloud* of error, and ihegloomof hell. Blackm.
ETyy\.Ofsv.itdJ. [ejfulgens, LTyUn.] tJhi-
ning; bright; luminous.

How foon tn' effiilfent emanations fly.
Through the blue gulph of interpofiug Iky I Bluckm.

The downward fun
Lroks out effulgent, from amid' the flafli
01 brokcin louds. Tbamjin't Spring.

Effumabi'lity^». /. [fumus, Latin.]
The quality of flying away, or rapoui-

Startles mine eyes, and makes me more ainaz'd.

Shakefp.
Our blefled Lord commanded the reprefentation
of his death, and facritice on the crot», Ihould be
made by breaking bread, and effufion of wine.

''lay tor's H'ortty Communicant.
If the florj.gates of heaven were anv thing di-
ftinft from the torty days rain, their effufion, 'tis
likely, was at this fame time when tlic abyfs was
broken open. Burrrci'sT/xoiy.

'.. Wafte ; the aft of fpilling or llicdding.
When there was but as yet one only family in
the world, no means of inftrudlion, human or di-
vine, could prevent ^^»A3» of blood. Hooker.

Stop effufion of our ChnlHan blood,
And Itabhlh quietncfs. Shakefp. Henry VI.

Yet (hall the be lelloi'd, fine; publitk good
For private int'reft ought not be withllood,
To lave th' effufion ot my people's blood.

Dryd. Homer.
. The aft of pouring out words.

Endlefs andjfenfelels effnfioni of indigefted pray-
ers, oftentimei difgtacc, in moft unfuftcrabic man-
ner, the worthielt part of -Chiiftian duty towards
God. Hookir.

. Bounteous donation.

Such great force the gofpcl of Chrift had then
upon men's fouls, melting them into that liberal
tff'i'fion of all that they had. Hamm. on Fundam.
. I he thing pointed out.

Purge me with the blood of my Redeemer, and 1
(hall be clean; wafli me with that precious effufion,
and I fliall be whiter than fnow. King Lharles.

Effu'sive. adj. [from ffft'fi.'] Pouring
out ; difperfing.

The Nortli-eart fpends its rage ; th' effufi-ue South
Warms the wide ai"r. -Tbonifon't Spiing.

Eft. n.f. [tfj.-e.Ta, Saxon. A newt: an
evet; a imall kind of lizard that lives
generally in the water.

Peacocks are beneficial to the places where ihey

are kept, by clearing of them fmm fnakc.-, adders,

and efts, uponwhich they will live. Minim. Huji.

The crocodile of Egypt is the lizard of Italy, and

the eft in cur country. Nicholat.

EFT. fli/v. [epr, Saxon.] Soon; quickly;
fpeedily ; (hortly. Obfoleie.

Eft through the thick they heard one rudely ruflr.
With noife whereof he from his lofty (feed

I)own fell to ground, and crept into a bulh.
To hide his coward head from dying dread.

Fairy S^'ecJt.
Quite confnmed with flame,
The idol IS of that eternal maid ;

For fo at leaft 1 have prcfervM llie fame,
With hands profane, from being eft betray'd.

Fiirftje,

E'ftsoons. adv, [ept and j^oop] Soon

afterwards; in a fhort time ; again. An

obfoleto word j formed, as it feeinp, by

4 O 2 die

EGO

the conjunftion of two words of the
fame meaning.

He in their &Kzifft/oo«i placed Engliflimen, who
pofltfl'ed m\ their Unds. Sftnjer'i Stale uf htlnnd.

J?/(/oo/;j the nymphs, which nosv had flowers their
hll,
Run all in hafte to fee that filver brood. Spinftr

The Germans deadly haled theTurks, whereof it

was to be thought thatnewwarsfhoiildf/'//i«i«xenlue.

K):ollcx't liijhry.

Efifrxni, O fweetheart kind, my love repay,
And M the year Ihall then be holiday. Gay'i Vcjl.

E.G. [exempli gratia.] For the fake of an
inftance or example.

E'ciSL. n,/. [SeeKAcnR.] An impetuous
or irregular flood or tide.

From the peculiar difpofition of the earth at the
bottom, wherein quick excitations are made, may
arife ihofc egers and flows in fomc eftuarlcs and
rivers; as is oblervablc about Trent and Ilumber in
England. Brown^i Vulgar Errours.

7»Ece'st. v. a. [c^cro, Latin.] To throw
out food at the natural vents.

Divers creatures fleep all the Winter; as the bear,
the hedge-hog, the bat, and the bee : thefe all wax
fet when theylleep, and <^<'/J not. Bacon' iflai Hip.
Ece'stion. «./. \egefiut, Lat.] The ail
of throwing out the digefted food at the
natural vents.

The animal foul or fpirits manage as well their
fpontaneous aflions as the natural or involuntary
exertions of digeftion , fgc^'iw', and circulation.

Hales' s Origin ^^ Mankind.

Ecc. »./. [ojj, Saxon; origh, Erfe.]

1. That which is Ijud by feathered and fome
other animivb, from which thcit young is

produced.

An egg was found having lain many years at the
bottom ot a moat, where the earth had fomewhat
overgrown it ; and this egg was come to the haidnefs
of a tlone, and the colours of the white and yolk
ftrleft. BacoH.

Eggt are perhaps the higheft, moll nourilhing,
and exalted of animal food, and m«ft indigeftible.

Aihulhno!.

2. The fpawn or fperm of other creatures.

Therefore think hinv as the ferpent's eggr
Which hatch'd, would, as his kind, grow mif-
chievous. Sbakeffeare.

Evry infefl of each different kind,
In its own egg, chear'd by the folar rays,
Org.ins involv'd and latent life difplays. B/ackmor,:

3. Any thing fafjiioned in the lliape of an
egg.

'1 here waj taken » great glafs-bithble with a long
neck, fuch as chemifts are wont to call a philofophi-

calf^. , . •^°y'-

To Egg. 1;. a. \eggia, to incite, Iflandick ;
*j3ian. Sax.] To incite; to inftigate ;.
' to provoke to aftion : for this, edge is,
] think, foraetimes ignorantly ufed.

Study becomes jileafant to him who is purfuing
his gcmus, and wiiofc ardour of inclination rg| j him
forwaid, sad carrieth him through every obltacle.

Derham'i Pityfica-Tbrology.

E'otANTIwr. n. /. [efglanlier, French.]
A fpecies of rofe ; fweet- briar.

0*cr-canopied with lufcious woodbine,
V' ith fweet mu(k rofes, and with eglantine. Shake/ji.

The leaf of eglantine, nr>t to flander,
Out-fweeten'd not thy breath. Shakefpeare'i Cymi.

Sycamores with eglantine were fpread,
A hedge about the fides, a covering o^er head. Dryd.
E'gotism. «./. [from ego, Lat. J The
f.iult committed in writin.g by the fre-
quent repetition of the word ego or / ,•
too frequent mention of a man's felf in
writing or converfation.

The mod violent i-gcc/w which I have met with,
in the courli; of my reading, is that of Cardinal
Wolfcy's; ego & rex Krus, I and my king. SfcHalor.

E'coTiJT. n. /. [from ego.] One that is

E J A

always repeating the word ego, I; a talker
of hiinfelf.

A tribe of egotiJIs, for whom I have always ha4 a
mortal averfion, arc the authors of memoirs, who ate
never mentioned in any works but their own. Sfefi.

ToE'coTizE. f. n. [from ego,] To talk

much of one's felf.
EGRE'GIOUS. adj. [egregious, Lat.J
I. Eminent; remarkable; extraordinary.
He might be able to adorn 'this prefentage, and
furniifi hiifory with the records of egregicut exploits
both of art and valour. Moore againji Albeifm,

One to empire born ;
Egregious prince; whofe ounly childhood (hew'd
His mingled parents, and portended joy
Untpcakable. Philips.

An egregious and pregnant inftance how far virtue
furpaffcs ingenuity. (Voixlward.

z. Eminently bad ; remarkably vicious.
This is the ufuai fenfe.

We maybe bold to conclude, that thefe laft times,
for infolence, pride, and egregisus contempt of all
good order, are the worlV. Hookei 's Preface.

Ah nie, moll credulous fool !
Egregious murtherer ! Sbakefpeare's Cymbeline.

And hence th* egregious wixzard (hall foredoom
The fate of Louis and the fall of Rome. Pope.

EcRE'ciousLY.ai/'i'. [homegregioHs.] Emi-
nently ; (hamcfuUy,

Make theMoor thank me, love me, an4 reward me,
For making him egregioujly an afs,
And pradlifing upon his peace and quiet.
Even to madnefs. Shakefpeare^s Othello.

He difcovered that, befidcs the extravagance of
every article, he had been egregioujly cheated.

Arbulbnot'sjobn Bull.

E'cREss. n.f. [egreffus, Lat.] The power or
aft of going out of any place; departure.

Gates of burning adamant,
Barr'd over us, prohibit all egre/s. Milton.

This water would have been locked upwithin the
earth, and its egrefs utterly debarred, had the llrata
of llone and marble remained continuous.

lf^r,odiv,ird's Nat. Hijl.

Er.ar'ssioN. n.f. [^-^r^^w, Lat.] The aft
of going out.

The vail number of troops is exprefled in the
fwarms ; their tumultuous manner of ilTuing out of
their Ihips, and the perpetual egrrjjicn, which fccmed
without end, are imaged in the bees pouring out. /*&/>(•.

E'gr.et. »./. A fowl of the heron kind,
with red legs. Bailie.

E'griot. n.f. [aigret, French; perhaps
from aigre, four.] A fpecies of cherry.

The coEur-chcriy, which inclineth more to white,
is fwcetcr than (he red : but the egriot is more four.

Bacon.
To EJA'CULATE. -v. a. [ejamlor, Lat.J
To throw ; to (hoot ; to dart out.

Being rooted foliftleway in the (kin, nothing near
fo deeply as the quills of fowls, they are the more
eafily ejaculated. Greiv's Mu/aiim.

The mighty magnet from the centre darts
This (Irong, though fubtile force,thi-ough all the parts:
Its aClivc rays ejarulate.l thence,
Irradiate all the widecir:umfertnce. Blacimere.
Ejaculation, n.f. [from ejaculate.]

1. The aft of darting or throwing our.

There fetmeth to be acknowledged, in the aft
of envy, an ejaeitlaiion or irradiation of the eye.

Bacon's EJjays.

There is tobeobferved^in thofedillblutions which
will not eafily incoipora;e, what the cifetls are ; as
the ebullition, tlie precipitation to the bottom, the
ejaculation towards the top, the fufpenlion in the
midll, and the like. Bacon.

2. A fhort prayer darted out oocafionally,
without folcmn retirement.

In yourdrefling let there be eJMuLitions fitted to
the feveral aftions of drcfliag ; as at walhiiig your
hands, pray God to cleanfc your foul from fin.

Taylor's Guide to Oex'i.tion.

Eja'culatory, adj. [irom ejaculate.]

E I G

1. Suddenly darted out ; uttered in fliort
fentences.

The continuance of this pofture might incline to
eafe and drowfinefs ; they ufed it rather upon fome
(hort ejaculaiory prayers, than in their larger devo-
tions. Duppt's Devotitn,

2. Sudden ; hafty.

We are not to value ourfelves upon the merit of
ejaeulatory repentances, that take us by (its and
Itarts. L'EJIrange,

To EJE'CT. -v. a. [ejicio, ejtaum, Lat.]

1 . To throw out ; to caft forth ; to void.

Infernal lightning fallies from his throat I
EjeHed fparks upon the billows float ! Sandju

The heart, as faid, from its contrafted cave,
On the left fide ejefls the bounding wave. Blackmore.

Tears mayfpoil the eyes, but not walh away the
afflitlion, fighs may exhauft the man, but not ejeSt
the burthen. South.

2. To throw out or expel from an office or
expreflion.

Itwasthc force of conqueft ; force with force
Is well ejeHed, when the conquer' J can. Miltoa,

The French king was again ejeQed when our king
fubmitted to the church. Drydett.

3. To expel; to drive away; to difinifs
with hatred.

We are peremptory to difpatch-
This viperous traitor; to eje^ him hence.
Were but our danger ; and to keep him here,.
Our certain death ; therefore it is decreed
He dies to-ni^ht. Shakefptare'sCoriolaJitf

4. To caft away ; to reject.

To have ejelied nhatfoever the church doth make
account of, be it never fo harmlcfs in itfelf, and of
never fo ancient continuance, without any other
crime to charge it with, than only that it hath been
the hap thereof to be ufed by the church of Rome, .
and not to be commanded in the word of God, could •
not have been defended. Hooker,

Will any man fay, that if the words whoring and'
drinking were by parliament ^Vflei/ out of the Englifh ■
tongue, we (hould all awake next mornii^-ihafte and
temperate. Swiji..

EjE'cTros. n.f. [ejeSio, Lat.]-

1. The aft of calling out;, expulfion.
Thefe (lories are founded on the ejcUiiM of the

fallen angels from heaven. " Broome.

2. [In phyfitk.] The difcharge of any
tiling by vomit, ftool, or any other,
emunftory. !^incy,.

Eje'ctment. n.f. [from f/f<?.] A legal,
writ by which any inhabitant of a houTe,
or tenant of an eftate, is commanded to-
depart.
EicH. interj. An expreflion of fadden de-
light.
EIGHT, adj. [eapra, Saxon ; abta,.
Gothick ; achi, Scottiih.] Twice four.
A word of nomber.

This iflaad contains c/^// fcore and eight miles in
circuit. Tandy's Journey,

Eighth, adj. [from «^^/.] Next in or-
der 10 the feventh; the ordinal.of eight.

Another yet ?— .^ I'cventh ! I'll fee no more ;
And yet the eighth appears ! Shakrfpear't Machetb,
In the eighth month (hould te the leign of Saturn,

Bacon,
I (lay reludlant fcven continued years.
And water her ambrolial couch with tears ^
The eighth ihe voluntarily mores to part,
Or urg'd by Jove, or her own changeful heart. Pope.

Ei'ghteen. adj. [eight and ten.] Twice
nine.

He can't take two from twenty, for his heart.

And leave eighteen. Sh.tkefpeare's Cymbeline,

If men niiturally live but twenty years, we fliould

be fatisiied if they di»daboiitc-'g/.''''M ; andyetc/f A/ff<»

years now are as long as eighteen years would be then,

Tijjr/or.

Eighteenth, adj. [itom eightetn,] Ihe
I next

E I T

next in order to the feventeenth ; twice
ninth.
In the tiibtentb jtat of Jeroboam died Abnam.

I Kingi.

Ei'ghtfold. aJf. [eight and fold.] Eight

times the number or quantity.
Ei'cHTHLY. adv. [from eighth,'] In the
eighth place.

Eighthly, living creatures Iiave vuluntary motion,

wliich plants have not. Bacon's Natural Hijliry.

Ei'ghtieth. «i//. \^\om. eighty.] The next

in order to the feventy-ninth ; eighth

tenth.

Some balances are fCTexafl as (o be fenfibly turned
with the eirttitlb part of a grain.

m/tint'i Mjli. Magic.
Ei'cHTSCORF.. fl</x'. [eight and/core.] Eight
times twenty ; an hundred and Cxty.

What ! keep a week away ? ftven days and nights ?
Eight/core t\%\a hours? and lovers abfent hours.
More tedious than tlie dial tight/core times ?
Oh weary reckoning ! Sliakefyeari's OibeiU.

Ei'cHTY. adj. [eight and ten.] Eight times
ten ; fourfcore.

Eighty odd years of forrowhafe I feen.
And each hour's joy wrcck'd with a week of teen.

Sbjkfjfeare.
Among all other climaQericks three ate mod re-
markable ; that is, feven times feven, or forty-nine ;
nine times nine, or eighty orx ; and feven times nine,
Of the year fiity-ihree, which is conceived t» Carry
with it tilt moftxonfiderable fatality.

BroXL'ti's Vulgar Errattrs.

Eigne, adj. [aifne^ Fr.] [Inlaw.] Denotes
the eldeft or firft bom. Here it fignifies
unalienable, as being entailed.

It happeneih not feldotn, that, to avoid the yearly
oath, for averment of the continuance of fome ellate
for life, which is eigne, and not fubjeft to forfeiture
for the alienation that coroeth after it, the party will
offer to fue idr a pardon unccmpelltd before i be time ;
in all which, fome mitigation of the uttermot't value
may well and worthily be ottered. Bacon.

Ei'sEL. »./. [4oj"il, Saxon.] Vinegar, ver-
juice ; any acid. An old word.

Call ia thy mind
How thou refeniblclf Chritt, as with fowre poifon.
If thou paine thy tafte; remember therewithatl.
How Chrift for ihec tailed eiji/ind gall. Sir T. More.
Ei'thsr. pron. [sejbefi, Saxon; auther,
Scottifh.j

1. Which loererof the two; whether one
or the other.

L.epidus flatters both,
Of both is flatter'd ; but he neuher lover.
Nor either cares for him. Hbakejf. Ant. attdCleepal

So like in arms thefe champions were,
A< they had been a very pair ;
So that a man would almoi\ fwear.
That either had been either. Drayton*! Nymp.

Coring made a {.ilt fricndfhip with Difeby, citi>er of
tliem believing he could deceive the other. Clarritjon.

1 do not a(k whether bodies do lb exilV, that the
motion of one body cannot really be without the
motion of another : to determine this e tber way, is
to beg the quei^ion for or againft a vacuum. hvcke.

2. Each ; both.

In the proiefs of natural beings, there fcem (one
to be creatures placed, as it were, on the confiiics of
feveral provinces, and prticipating fometliing of
tilher. Hale.

SeWn times the fun has eitbtr tropic'a rirw'd,
'i'hc Winter banilh'd,and the Spring tcncw'd

Drydtn'i Vii£i'!.

J. It is ufcd fomctimes of more than two;

any one of a certain number.
.J. Any of an indeterminate number, as in

the following pafTage :

Henry VHI. Francis I. and Charles V. were fo
providciii, as fcarcc a pulm of ground oould be gftt'en
by either of the three, but that the other two would
fct the baUnce of Europe upright a|ajii. Bgecn.

E L A

Ei'ther. fl</'u. [from the nonn.] A diftrl-
butive adverb, anfwered by or; either the
one or.

We never heard of any Ihip that had been feen to
arrive upon any Ihore of Europe ; no nor of either the
Eaft or Weft Indies. Bacon's Netu Atlantis.

What perils fliall we hnd.
If either place, or time, or other courfe,
Caufe us to alter th* order now aflign'd ? Daniel.
Either your brethren h.ive miferably deceived us,
or power confers virtue. Swift to Pop e.

Ejui.a'tion. a./, [ejulatio, Latin.] Out-
cry ; lamentation ; moaning ; wailing.

Inftead of hymns and praife^, he breaks out
into ejutations and effeminate waitings.

Government of the- Tongue.
With difmal groans
And ejulatiox, in the pangs of death>.
Some call for aid. Philips.

Eke. eidv. feac, Saxon ; ook, Dutch.] Alio ;
likewife; befide; moreover.

If any ftrength we have, it is to ill ;
But all the good is God's, both power and eke will.

i^iiy Q^een.
Now if 'lis chiefly in the Reart
That courage does itfelf exert,
'Twill be prodigious hard to prove, -
That this IS the the throne of love. P-rtor.

To Ekf. t>. a. [eacan, Saxon \_
J. To increafe.

I dempt there much to have eieJmy ftore.
But fuch eiing hath made my heart fore. Sfenfer.
The little Itreogth that 1 have, I would it were
with you.
—And mine to«('Oul her's. Shakeff). Asyou lUtit.

2. To fupply ; to fill up deficiencies.

Still be kind.
And f/e out ourperformancc with your mind. .Sioi^.

Your ornaments hung all^
On fome patch'ddogholcr^'*/ with ends of wall. Pope,

3. To protrafl ; to lengthen.

I fpeak too long; but 'tis to piece the time.
To eie it, and todruw it out in length,
Toftay you from ele^ion. Shaliejp. AUrcb, of Venice.
4» To f[vn out by ufelcfs addition?. [In
this fenfe it fcems borrowed from tlic ufc
of our old poets, who put rke into their
lines, when they vvanted afyllable.

Eufden r^ejoul Blackmore's endlcfs line. Pope.
To ELA'i:ORATE.-^. a. [ekboro, Lat.}

1. To produce with labour.

They in full joy elaltoraten figh, Voung.

2, To heighten and improve by fucceflive
endeavours or operations.

The fap is divcifihed, and ftill mpre elaborated
and exalted, as it circulates through the velTels of the
plant. Ariulbnol.

Ela'borate. adj. [elahratiis, Lat.] Fi-
ni(hed with great diligence ; performed
with great labour.

Pormaliti:s rf extraordinary zeal and piety arc
never mr>re ftudied and elaborate than when po-
liticians moll agitate dc.'peratedeligns. XingCbarles,

At leartjOn hsr bclJow'd
Too much of ornament, of outward ihew
Eiaiorale, of inward, lefs exaft. Milton.

Man is thy tlieme, his virtne or his rage

Drawn to the lite in each elah'rate page, If alter.

Confider the difference between r/<t^crrt/fdifcourfes

upon important occalions, dciiv'^rcd 10 parliaments,

and a plain fer.-non intended tor the common people.

Su'ift.
El a'b OR AT ELY. erdv. [from elaborate.]
l.abotioufly; diligently; witli great ftudy
or labour.

Pjliiick conception?, fo elaborately forfncd and
wrotight, and grown at length ripe tor delivery, do
yet jTove abortive, Soitrh.

Some colourc'i powders, which painters ufc, may
have their colours a little changed, by being very
elaiiortitcly and hnely ground, l^'cxuton's Opiicki.

I will venture once to incur the cenlure of lotne
perfons, fur \ie\Dlelaioratily (tilling. Bmllry.

E L B

It is there elaborately (heivn, tint pateats are
good. S-wift.

Elabora'tion. n.f. [from elalorate.] Im-
provement by fucceUive operations.

To what purpofe is there fuch an apparatus of

veflels for the elaboration of the fpeim and eggs ; fuch

a tedious procefs of generation and nutrition. Ray.

To Elance. "v. a. [elancer, French.] To

throw out; to dart ; to caft as a dart.

While thy unerriilg hand elartc'd
Another, and another dart, the people
Joyfully repeated lij ! Prior,

Harlh words, that once elanc'd, rauft ever fly
Irrevocable, P^ior,

To Ela'psz. v. tt. [elafi/ttt, Lzt.] To pafs
away; to glide away; to run out without
notice.

Thereisadociblefeafon, a learning time in youth,
which, fuffered to ehpfe, and no foundation laid,-
felJom returns. Clai'iffa,

ELA'STICAL.Ta^-. [from .'a««] Hav-
ELA'STICK. / iiig the power of re-
turning to the form from which it is
diftorted or withheld; fpringy; having
the power of a fpring.

By v/hatela^iclc engines did (he rear
The ftarry loof, and roll the orbsin air, Blackmore.

If the body is compact, and bends or yit^ds inward
to predion, without any flidinj; of its parts, it is hard
and elaflick, returning to its hgurc with a forces
rifing Irum the mutual attradlion of its parts.

Nevton't Ofticii..

The moft common divcrfilies of human conftifi-
tions, arife from the foliJs, as to their different
degrees of ftrenglh and tcniion ; in fome being too
lax and weak, in others tooel.ijiicjk and drone,

Arbuthnot on Aliments.

A fermentation muft be excited in fome affignable
place, which may expand itfelf by itse/iiy?/c.?/ power,
and break through, where it meets with the ueakell
rcliltance. Bemlef, - ^

Ei.ASTi'ciTY. 71. /. [fr»m elajiick.] Force
in bodies, by which they endeavour to
rcftore themfelves tp the pofture from-
w hence they were difplaced by any ex-
ternal force. i^ii'icy,

AlLte-liring will bear an hundred weight witiiouc
rupture; but at the fame time cannot exerts its
elajlicityi take away filty, and immediately it
raili^th ilie weight, Arbuthnot.

Mc eniptinefs and dulnefs could iufpire,
-\nd were my ilajlicity and-hre. Pope,

Ela'te. adj. [elatns, Lat.] Flnlhed with
fucccfs ; elevated with profperity ; Ipfty j
haughty.

Oh, thoughtlefs mortals! ever blind to fate!
Too loon dcjcdlctl, and too foon elatsi

I, of mind elate, and fcorniiig fear,
TIius with new taunts iiifult the monliet's ear,

Pofe-s Odyfey.'

ToE'late. v.et. [from the noun.]

1. To elevate with fiiccefs; to puff up-
with profperity.

2. To exult; to heighten. An unufual

Or truth, divinely breaking cn-his mind,
£/.ij<-i his being, and unloWs his power, Tbomfon.

ELATE' RIUM. n. f. [Latin.] An in-
fpiflatcd juice, light, of a friable texture
and an .ncid atrd pungent tafte. It is"
procured from the fruit of a wild cu-
cumlier. It is a very viofent and rough
purge. Hill,

Ela'tion. t. f.[Ucixr\ elate.] Haughtinef*
proceeding from fuccefs ; pi ide of prof-
perity.
(Jod began fo punilh this vain elation of mind, by
withdrawing his favours. Atitrburyr-

EL'BOW, n.J. [elboza, Saxon.]

i.Tb«

ELD

1. The next joint orcunature of the arm
below the fliouldcf .

In fome fair evening, oh your r/^vlaid.
You drejin of triumphs in the rural (hade. Pope.

2. Any flexure or angle.

Fruit trees, rif vines, fet upon a vfall between

Mavi or buttreflcs of Hone, ripen more tlian upon

■ a plain wall. Baon.

3. 7(1 ie at the Elbow. To be near ; to be
at hand.

Strait will he come ;
Wear thy good rapier bare, and put it home ;
Quick, quick ; fear nothing, I'll if «r ihytlto^v.

Sbjh/ptari'i Othello.

Elbow cHA'lR. n. /. [Mew and chair.]

A chair with arms to fupport the ell)ows.

Swans and Motichain, in the opera of Dioclelian,
have danced upon the Englirti ftage with good
("ucccfs. ''".''

E'lbowroom.«./ [^/^9wand fiMwi.] Room
• to ftretch out the elbows on each fide;
perfcft freedom from confinement.

Now my foul haih etbov.'iaim ;
It would not out at windows nor at doors. Shahjf.

The natives are not fo many, but that there may
be ilicxunom enough for themi and forj the adveu-
tiv« alfo. Bacii«.

A politician muft put himfelf into a ftate of liberty
to provide dbnur<xt» for confgiencc to have its full
play in. South.

To El'bow. 'V. a. ffrom the noun.]

1. To pufli with the elbow.

One tlbovis hims one joftles in the (hole.

Dry den's "Jievna}.

2. To pufli ; to drive to a diftance; to en-
croach upon.

It thrufh andfttetches out.
And flhfj'ws all the kingdoms round about. Dryden,

\i fortune takes not of)' this boy betimes.
He'll make mad work and elbnv out his neighbour!.

Dryden.

To E'lbow. -v. ft. To jutout in angles.
ELD. »./. [ealb, Saxon; e/J, bcottilh.]

1. Old age ; decrepitude.

Her heart with joy unwonted inly fwell'd.
As feeling wond'rous comfort in lier weaker el J.

Spenfer.
Thy blazed youth
Becomes afliiaged, and doth begthe alms
Of palfied eld. Shakefpeare't Meajurefot Meafurt.

He thought ittouch'd his deity full near,
If likcwife he fomc fairone wedded not.
Thereby to wipe away th ' infamous blot
Of long uncoupled bed and childlefs lU. ' Milioit.

2. OTd people; perfons worn out with
years.

They counthimof ihegreen-ha'.- 'df/</. Chafman.
E'lder. adj. The comparative oi eld, now
corrupted to s/i/. [<:alb, ealbop, Saxon.]
SurpafTing another in years; furvivor;
bavinff the privileges of primogeniture :
oppolcd 10 younger.

They bring the comparifon of younger daughters
Conf»rmiug themfclrts in attire to their i/^i-r (iflers.

Hooker.
Let ftill the woman take
An elder than herfelf : fo wears (he to him,
So fways Ihe level in her hudiand \ heart. Shakeff.

How 1 firmly am rcfolv'd, you know;
Thatis, not to bellow my youngcft daughter.
Before 1 have a hulband tor the elder. Sbakefptare.

Among the Lacedemonians, (he chief magiitrates,
as they were, fo were they called, elder men.

Raleigh's Hifiory.

The elder of his children comes to acquire adrgree
•f aulhoiity among the younger, by the fame means
the father did among them.

Fame's high temple Oands;
Stupendous pile ; not rear'J by mortal hands !
Whatc'er proud Rome, or artful Greece beheld.
Or elder Babylon, its name excell'd. Pcfe.

E'LDias. »./. \iromelder.'\

t. Perfons whofc age gives them a claim to
credit and reverenec.

Rebuke not an elder, but intreat him as a father,
and the younger men as brethren. I Tim, v. i .

Our elders fay,
The barren, touched in this holy chafe.
Shake otl' their ilcril nirfc. Sbjkefp. Julius Cafar.

The blulTiing youth their virtuous awe difclulc.
And from their feats the reverend elders rofe. Sandys.

2. Ancedors.

Bays the goofc. If it will be no better, e'en carry
your head as yoMr elders have done before you.

L'EJlrange.

I lofc my patience, and I own it too,
Where works are ceijfui'd, not as bad, but new;
While, if our elders break all rcafon's laws,
Thofe fools demand not pardon, but applaufe. Pope.

3. Thofe who arc older than others.

Many nations arc very fupcrllitious and diligent
obfervcrs of old culloms, which lliey received by
continual ti^adition from their parents, by recording
of their bards and chronicles, in their fongii, and bv
daily ufe and enfample of tlicir^/i/ff/. Spenfer's Irel.

At tile board, and in private, it very well becom-
cth children's innocciK'y to pray, and their elders to
fay Amen. Hooker.

4. l^Among the Jews.] Rulers of (he
people.

s. [In the New Teftament.] Ecclefiafticks.

6. [Among prefbyterians.] Laymen intro-
duced into the kirk-polity in feflions,
prelbyteries, fynods, and affemblics.

Flea-bitten fynod, an alTembly brew'd
Of clerks and elders ana; like the rude »

Chaos of prelbytiY, where laymen ride
With the tame woolpack deigy by their (ide.

Cleaveland.
E'loer. n. f. [ellaj-a, Saxon; faTtibucus.']
The name of a tree.

The branches are full of pith, having but little
wood : the flovtxrs are monopetalous, divided into
feveral fegments, and expand in form of a rofe :
thefe are, for the moft part, collcftcd into an um-
bel, and are fucceeded by foft fucculent berries,
having three feeds in each. Miller,

Look for thy reward
Amongll the nettles at the elder tree,
Which overlhades the mouth of that fame pit.

Sbakeff.
E'lderly. adj. [from elder. "^

1, Seniority; primogeniture.

The world, while ii had fcarcity of people, un-
dei^'ent no other dominion than paternity and fl~
derjhip. ' Raleigh.

That all (hould Alihcch adore, 'tis true;
But fomc refpeft is to my birthright due :
My claim to her by eldcrjhip 1 prove.

Dryden's Ind. Emp.
Nor were the elder/hip
Of Artaxcrxes worth our leait of fears.
If Mcmnon's intereftdid not prop hiscaufe. Ronve.

2. Hrelbytery ; ecclefiaftical fenate ; kirk-
feffion.

That conthoverry fprang up between Bcaa and
Fraftus, about the matter of excommuiiicatioiis;
whether there ought to be in all churches an elder.
Jbip, having power to excommunicate, and a part
of that e. derjhip to be of necelFity certain chofcn out
from amongft the laity. Hooktr, Preface.

E'ldest. adj. The fuperlative of eld,
now changed to old. [ealb, ealbop,
ealoj-te, baxon.]

1, The oMeft; that has the right of primo-
geniture.

We will eftablifli oureftate upon
Our eldrjl Malcolm, whom we name hereafter
The prince of Cumberland. Shukefp. Machelh.

The mother's and her fWf/? daughter's grace.
It fcems had bnb'd him to prolong their fpacc.

DrydcH.

2. The perfon that has lived moft years.

Eldcjl parents (ignilies either the oldeft men and
women that have hid chiidrco> or thofe who have
longcft had iU'ye. Ltcke.

E L E

Ef^eCAMPa'ne. n. f. \helen!um,'L3i.'\ A
plant, named alfo ftarwort. BotanilU
enumerate thirty fpecies of this plant.

Miller.

The Cermans have a method of candying ele.

eampame root like ginger, to which they piefcr it,

and call it German fpice. /////'/ Maloia Medica.

To ELE'C T. a-, a. [eleSm, Lat.]

I . To choofe for any office or ufe ; to take

in preference to others.

Henry his fon is chofen king; though young;
And Lewis of France, elelied hrft, beguil'd. Daniel.

This prince, in gratitude to the people, by whofe
confent he was chofen, eielt.d a hundred ftnaion
out of the commoners. Sviifi.

z. [In theology.] To feleft as an objeft

of eternal mercy.
Ele'ct. adj. [from the verb.]

1. Chofen; taken by preference from among
others.

You have here, lady,
And of your choice, thefe reverend fathers,
Vea, the elcS} of the land, who are aflTembl'J
To plead your caufe. Sbakefp. Henry VI 1 1.

2. Cnofen to an office, not yet in poflcf-
fion.

The bilhop eteB takes the oaths of fupremacy,
canonical obedience, ;ind agaiiill fimony; and then
the dean of the arches Kiis, and fubferibes tlie fen-
tences. Aylifle's Parergm.

3. [In theology.] Chofen at an objefl of
eternal mercy.

A vicious liver, believing that Chtift died for none
but the ilecl, (hall have attempts made upon him
to reform and amend his life. Hammond .

Some I have chofen of peculiar grace,
Eka above the reft : fo is my will. Milttn.

Ele'ct ION. »./. [ele^io, Lat.]

1. The aft of chafing; the aft of felefting
one or more from a greater number for
any ufe or office; choice.

If the ehliiin of the miniiler (hould be commit-
ted to every feveral parifh, do you thisk that they
would chufe the mectell ? fVbilglfl.

Him, not thy eteilion.
But natural necelTity, begot. Milton.

As charity is, nothing can more increafe the luf-
tre and beauty than 4 prudent eleBion of ubjeOs,
and a fit application afit to them. Spratt.

2. The power of choice.

For what is man w ithout a moving mi.id,
Which hath a judging wit, and chuiing will ?

Now if God's pow'r ihoutd her ele^ion bind, '

Her motions then would ccafe, and (land all (till.

Davies.

3. Voluntary preference.

He calls upon th< fmners to turn themfelves and
live ; he tells us, that he has fet before us life and
death, and referred it to our own elelHon which we
willchufc, -Rcgeri.

4. Difcernment; diftinftion; difcrimina-
tion.

The difcovering of thefe colours cannot be don*
but out of a very univerfal knowledge of things :
which fo cleareth men's judgment mieleOion, as
it is the lei's apt to Aide into error. Baetn.

In favour, to ufe men with much difTerence and
elefiion is good : for it maketh thofe preferred more
thankful, and the rcll more officious. Jiaccn.

5. [In theology.] The predetermination
of G0.I by which any were felcfted for
eternal life.

The conceit about abfolute ele£ii',n to eternal life,
fome enthuliafts entertaining, have been made re-
mifs in the praif^ice of virtue. Atterbury.

6. The ceremony of a publick choice.

I was forry to hear with what partiality, aad
popularheat,f/(<57/o/rx were carried in many places.

King Charles.

Since the late dilToIution of the club, many per-
fons put up for the next cleHion, Addif. SpeH,

Ele'ctive. adj. [fromf/fiff.]

I. Regulated

E L E

1. Regulated or beftewed by eleftion or
choice.

I will fay pofitive!y ai-d refoiutely, that it is im-
poflible an eleSliiit monpichy fliould be fo free and
abfolute as an hercdit.^ry. Bacor.

The lift change ollheirgov-ernment, from eteSivc
to hcredinry, has made it feem hitherto ot Icfs
force, and unfitter lor a<^lion abroad. Trvtplt.

2. Everting the power of choice.

To talk ol compelling a man to ic good, is a con-
tradiftion ; for where there is force, there can he
no choice: whereas all moral goodi.efs confilleth
in the tleSivc afl ot the undcrlUnding will.

Gytw*i Cofmohgia Sacra.

EtE'cTivELY.Afo. [from <•/?:•/.] bychoicc;
with preference ofone to another.

How or why that (hould have fuch an influence
upor. the fpirits, as to drive them into thofe muffles
flellittly, I am nut lijbtle enough to difccrn.

Ray on the Crtati n.
They work not tUB'ively, or upon propofing to
themfelves an end of their operations. Crno.

Ele'ctor. «./. [from e/f^.]

1. He that has a vote in the choice of any
officer.

From the new world her filver and her gold
Came, like a tempeft, to confound the old;
Feeding with thefe the brib'd elcdcns' hopes.
Alone ihe gave us emperors and popes, H^aller.

2. A prince who has a voice in the choice
of the German emperour.

Ele'ctoral. <j^*. [ftom eleHor.'^ Hiving

the dignity of^an eleftor.
Elk'ctorate. »./. [from elraor.] The

territor}' of an eleftor.

He has a great and powerful king for his fon-in-
law ; and can himfelf command, when he pleales,
the whole flitngth of an eUEiorait in ihe empire.

AdJifan'i freiboUer.
Els'ctre. n.f. \eleanim, Lat.]

1. Amber; which, having the quality when
warmed by friftion of attracting bodies,
gave to one fpecies of attraftion the
name of eUaricity, and to the bodies that
fo attraft the epithet eleiirick.

2, A mixed metal.

Change filver plate or »eflel into the compound
ftuff, being a kind of (iWer e/ee!re, and turn the
reft into coin. Bacon

ELR'CTRICAL. 1 ,. ,.
ELE'CTRICK J "'''• L"*"" "'^^'^"
See EtEcTRg.

1. AttraAive withcut magnctifm ;• attrac-
tive by a pectiliar property, fuppofed
once to belong chiefly to amber.

By <liitnck bodies do I conceive not only fuch
as Uke lip light bodies, i;i which number the an-
cientj cn.'y placed jctt and amber j but fuch a,
conveuiciitiy placed, allrafl all bodies palpable.

Biiwn's yulgar Erroun.
_ An tUHrick body can by (ncVion em.t an cxlijla-
tion fo fublile, and yet fo potent, as by its emif-
fion to caufe no feniible diminution of the weight
Ol the eltHtick body, and tn le expanrfed through
a Iphcie, whole diameter i, jbove two feet, and vet
to be able to carry up lead, copper, or leif.yold'at
the dUlaoce of above a foot from the tUeiiiik jody.
T> I II Nciinon.

2. Froduccd by an eleflritk body.

It thjt atiradtion were not n'.Ucr //rUrka/ than
roagoetical, it was wonjerouj what Helmont deli-
wreih concerninf a gla(«, wherein the magiftery ol
loadHoMC wa. prepared, which retained an atirac
tive quality. g,.^^

If a piece of white paper, or a while doih, o:
Ihe Cod of one's finjcr, be held nt about a quar-er
of an inch from the glafs, the tUarick vapour, ex-
cited by friftion, will, by dafliiiig againft the white
p..per, cloth, or finger, be put into fuch an iigna-
t 1 .1 a, to emit light. Nnrton'i Quick,.

iii-Ecm ciTV. tt /. [from cUatick, iscc

E I E

Electre.] a property in forae bo-
dies, whereby, when rubbed fo as to
grow warm, they draw little bits of pa
per. Of fuch like fubllances to them.

^lincy.
Such was the account given a few years a"o of
clearicity; but the induftry of the prefcnt age° firit
excited by the experiments of Gray, has difcovered
in cleilricity a multitude of philofophical wondere.
Bodies elearificd by a fphere of glafs, turned nim
biy round, not only emit flame, but may be fitted
wiih fuch a quantity of the cleflrical vapour, as, if
difcharged at once upon a human body, would en-
danger life. The ibrce of this vapour has hiilierto
appeared inftantaneous, perfons at both ends of a
loiig chain feeming to be ftruck at once. The
philofophers are now endeavouring to intercept the
ftrokes of lightning.
Ele'ctuary. n.f. [eleaarhm, Ccelius Au-
rel, which is now written e/eauary.] A
form of medicine made of conferves and
powders, in the confiftence of honey
Elecluaries made up with honey or fyrup,
when the confiftence is fo thin, ferment ;
and when too thick, candy. By both
which the ingredients will be altered or
impaired. ^„„y,

We meet with divers eUBuarict, which have no
ingredient, except fugar, common to any two of
p'"""- , Boyle.

liLEEMOSyNARY. ajj. [fAlij^o(rt-»D.]

1. Living upon alms; depending upon cha-
rity. Not ufed.

It is little better than an abfurdity, that the
caufe (hould b« an elicmo/ytiary for its fublirtence
to its effefts, as a nature polleriour to and dependent
onttMf. GUnvilW, ScrfJU.

2. Given in charity. This is the prefent
ufe.

E'lECANCE. \ ^ r / . T T

E'lecancy. C "-J- ['%<"•""». Lat.]
I. Beauty rather foothing than ftriking;
beauty without grandeur; the beauty of
propriety not of greatnefs.

St. Auguftine, out of a kind of eUr.,ncy in wri-
ting, makes fome diflerence. Raldgh's Hijl.
Thefe queftions have more propriety, and ele-
gancy, underrtood of the old world. Burnel.
z. Any thing that pleafes by its nicety, hi
this fenfe it has a plural.

My compofitions in gardening are altogether Pln-
darick, and run into the beauiiiul wildncfs of na-
ture, without the nicer f/rgaw/Va of art. Stea
E'LEGANT. adj. [eUgmi,. Lat. J

• ,'.E L-E

Let elegiac lay the woe relate.
Soft as the breath of dIHant flutes. Gay's Trivit,
E'legy. t!./. [eleguSflAt.]
I. A mournful long.'

I

Pleafing by minuter beauties.
TriHes themfelves are elegant in him. Pope,

There may'lt thou find fomc elegant letreat.

»,. London.

2. Nice; notcoarfe; not grofs.

PJite with candour, el,g.,ni with eulc. Pope.
J1I.EGANTLY. adv. [Uom elegant.]

1 . Ill fuch a manner as to pleafe.

Now read with them thofe organic arts which
enable men to dilcourfe and write perfpicuuully,
eieg.,r.tly, jnd according to ihc Hltelt llylc of lotiv,
mean, or lowly. ^,y,^;,_

In a poem elegantly vir'n,
I will not quarrel with a flight miftake. Rfcrv

2. Ni-atly; nicely; with minute beauty;
with pleaCing propriety.

They delcnbe her in part finely and eleganih,
and 11) part grav. ly and fciiiciitiouily. bac'^n.

W hoevcr would write elegantly, mull have repaid
to the different turn and junfture of every period :
there mutt be proper diftances and pjuii..

Eleci'ack. ndj. [e/eg,aai!. Lit.']

I . Ufed in Elegies.

i. Pertaininij to elegies.

3. Mournful; forrowful.

He hangr odes upon hawthorns, and elegtet upco
brambles, all forfooth deifying the name of Rofa-
'"'i- Sbake/p,

2. A funeral fong.

So on Meander's banks, when death is nigh.
The mournful fwan fings her own elegy. DryJen,

J. A fhort poem without points or affefted

elegancies.
E'LEMENT. «./. [elemeKlt„n\ Lat.]
I. The firft or conftitucnt principle of aiiy
thing.

If nature (hould intermit her courfe, thofe prin- '
cipal and mother elemenit of the world, whereof all
things in this lower world are made, (hould lofc the
qualities which now they have. Hooter.

A man may rationally retain doubts concerning
tlie number of thofe ingredients of bodies, wh.ch
fome call elements, and others principles. Boyle.

Simple fubftances are either fpirits, which have
no manner of compofition, or the firll principles of
bodies ufually called ir/n»f«(j, of which otiier bodies
are compounded. Halts,

I. The four elements, ufually fo called, •
are earth, fire, air, water, of which our
world is compofed. When it is ufed
alonp, element commonly means the air.

Th« king is but a man : the violet Imells to liiiB
as it doth to me j and the clement (hews to him as
it doth to me. Shakrfp.

My dearcrt filler, fare thee well ;
The elements be kind to thee, and make
Thy fpirits all ol comfort. Sbakejp. Ant. andCleop.

The king,
Contending with the fretful elements.
Bids the wind blow the earth into the fea.
Or fwcll the curled waters. Shakifp. Kli.g I.ear.

The hcivens and the earth (hull pafs away, and
^the elements melt with fervent heat. Peter.

Here be four of you able to m.ikc a good
world ; for you are as differing as the four elements.

Bacon,

He from his flaming (hip his chiljicn fcnt.
To perilli in a milder element. tValler.

3. The proper habitation or fphere of any
thing : as water of lifh.

We are fimple men j we do not know (lie work*
by charms, by fpclls, and fuch daubry as is beyond
our element. Shakefp.

Our torments may, in length o' time.
Become our elements. Milton.

They (hew that they arc out of their element, and
that logick is none of their talent.

Baker on learning.

\. An ingredient ; a conftituent part.
Who let the body and the limbs

Ol this great fport together, as you guefs?

One fure ih.it piomife;> no element

Infuch a bufiuefs. SbuLfp. Henry WW,

;. '1 he letters of any language.
6. The iowett or firft rudiments of litera- '

tuie or fcience.

With religion it farclh as with other fclcnces ;
the firlb delivery of the elements thereof mull, tor
like confidcratioii, be fr.uned -iccotdiiig to the weak
and Hinder capicityof young licginneis. Houker.
K^ll7 patilli fliould keep a pettv fchoolmaflcri
which ftiould bring up children in the hr(l elements
ofleitcrs. Upenjer.

Wc, when we were children, were in boinijte
under ther/<M(-///x of the world. Gal.iv. 3.

Tl,?ie is nothing more pernicious to a j-O'jth, in
the rttments of painting, than an ignorant mailer.
T-- T-.. Dr\den,

y»Ki.rMENT. f. a. [from the noun."] ■
1. Tn compound of elements.

Whether any one fuch body ba met with. In

thofe laid to be elemented bodiej, I cuj.s

Bjylt.

2. To conftitute ; to make as a firft princi-
pic.

Dull

"Dslf fjWiiMry lovei 'i lovt,
■ Whofe foul is lenfe, cannot admit

or abfcncc, caufe It doth remove
The thing which f/fm«"J It. Voitnt.

:ELtME'NTAL. adj. [from element:]
I. Produced by fome of the four elements.

Kdulkyfpots arc vary'don hisbrovv.
And rtreali'd with red, a tfoubl'd colour (how ;
That fullen mixture (hall at once declare
Winds, rain, and llorms, and tlemfnury war

DiyJen'i VirgU.

Tip!.

ELT

tt.B?MA!*Tt'ASIS. »./. [tlepl-''t!tla/ts,\At.'\

A fpecies of leprofy, fo calletl from co-
rerirg flie (kin with incniftations like
thofe on the hide of an elephant.
EtEPHA'NTiSE. aJj. [elephaiitinut, Lat.]
Pertaining to the elephant,
'i E'LpVATE. a;. «. '
To raife up aloft.

elepli:
7. [eh

Soft yielding minds t9 water glide away,
And fip with nymphs, their eUm<ntdl tea.

-4. Arifing from firft principles.

Leeches are by feme accounted polfan, not pro-
perly, that is by temperamental contrariety, occul
form, orfo much as eUmenul repugnancy; but in-
waiJlv taken, they fallen upon the veins, and oc.
cafioii an effulion cf Hood. Hrcnvn

ELEMENTA'llitY. ff. /. [hom'ekmmtap:\
Containing rudiments or tirll prmciples j
the fimplicity of nature, at abfeiice of
compofition ;' being •uncoropoundcd.

A very large clafs ot creatures in die earth, far above

theconduioi).off/f««/wny' b-,.,„„

Bi'.tun s Vulgar lirsours.

Eleme'ktary, fl.^'. [from <■/<•«"'''.]

1. Uncompounded ; having only one pnn-
1 ciple or conftituent part.

All rain water contains in it a. copious fcdiment ot

• terreltrial matter, and is i«>ta,fimplef/«»;f«'aO' "J'"-,

Kay.

"ntttlemcnlary falts of animals are not the fame as
theyappearbyduVillation. Arbmb. <,ii Alimcnn.

2. Initial; rude.

JiXE'Mi..»./. , . . •

This drug is impiopeTiy«all«d gum f^cm. ocing a
refin. The genuine eltmi is biought from A.ihiopia
in flitli(b malTes, or in cylinders, of a yellowtlh co-
lour. It is very rare in Europe, and fuopofed to be
produced by a tree of the .live kind. Ihe fpurious
m American ^/cw/, almolt the only kind known, is
of a whitilh colour, with a greater or let greennh
,*r yellowi(h tingf . It proceeds from a tall tree, which
the Bi-afilians wound, and colkift the reiin .

Hill's Mm. Med.

aiLE'NCH. >i. f.\eUuchu!, Lat.] An argu-
ment; a fq>hifm.

The firrt delufion Satan put into Eve, and his
whole tentation mi^ht be tlie fame f/fwA continued,
a» when he faid. Ye (hall not die , that was, in his
.equivocation, you (hall not incur prefent death.

Brown' I Vulgar Errcun.
Uifcover the fallacies of our common adverfary,
that old fophilter, who puU the moft abufivc ritnchs
on us. i""-- "J ^■

^le'ots. ». /. Some name the apples in re-
queft in the cyder countries fo ; not
known by that name in feveral parts of
England. Mortimer's Hi/Jbatidty.

E'tEPHANT. n.J. [elcphos, Lat.]
J. Thelargtftof all quadruneds, of whofe
fagacity, faithfulnefs, prudence, and t:ven
underft'anding, many lurprifine relations
are given. This animal feeds on hay,
herbs, and all forts of pulfe ; .and is faid
to be extremely long lived. He is fiip-
plied with a trunk, or long hollow carti-
lage, which hangs between his teeth, and
icrves him for hands. His teeth are the
ivory. Calmet.

lie loves to hear,
That unicorns may bebetray'd with trees.
And bears with glaffcs, tltfbanU with holes.

abakej^tare.
The cUpbant hath joints, but not foriourlely ;
His legs ate for neceffity, not flexure. Shakrfp^

X, Ivory ; the teeth of elephants.

High o'er the gate, in tltfham and gold,

2;he crowd Ihall Cselii's loiliui war behold.

Prjden't yirg.

Lteke.
Savagr.

To E'LpVA'VE. v.a. [elfvo. Lawn.]

This fubterranean heat Offitt, i»hich elfyaie! the
water out of the abyCs. _ ff-'ouiitvarj.

2. To exalt ; to dignify.

3. To raife with great conceptions.

Otliers apirtTat 00 a hill retir'd,
1-n thoughts more elevau, and reafon'd high
Of providence, foreknowledge, will, and fate. Mill.

In all that great extent, wherein the mind wan-
ders, in thofe remote fpcculations it mayfccmto be
eltvaud widi, dt ftirs -not beyond fenfe or refla-
tion.

Now riling fortune efevates his mind.
He Ihines unclouded, and adornS mankind

(.. To elate with vicious pride.

Tomifchief fwift, hope elevates, and joy

Brightens his cretl. Milton.

;. To leffen b^ detraftion. This fenfe,

though legitimately deduced from the

Latin, is not now in ufe.

When the judgments of learned men are alledged

againft you, what do they but t'tther delate their

credit, or oppofe unto tliem the judgments of others

as learned ? Hooker.

E'levatf. p<irt. aJJ, .[from elevaled.] Ex-
alted ; raifed aloft.

On each (ije an imperial city ftooJ,
With tow'rs and temples proudly elevate
On feven fmall hills. _ Milton.

Eleva'tion. n./. [elefatio, Litln.^

1. The .ift of raifing aloft.

The difruption of the llrata, the eler'Htion of
fome, and deprcirion of olliers, did not fall out by
chance, but were diie£ted by a difccroing principle.

lyoodward.

2. Exaltation ; dignity.
Angels, in their feveral degrees of elevation above

us, may be endowed with mote comprehenfive facul-
ties.

Locke

3. Exaltations of the mind by noble con-
ceptions.

We are therefore to love him with all poitible ap-
plication and elevation of fpirlt, with all t!ie heart,
foul anit mind. Norris.

4. Exaltation of ftyle

His lH!e was
phrafe, but

elegant perfpicuity, rich of
feldom any bold metaphors ; and fo
far from tumid, that it rather wanted a little eleva-
tion, H-'etton*

5. Attention to objeifls above ns.

All which diftirent f/ff^/iowj of fpirit unto God,
arecontained in the name of prayer. Hooker,

t. The height of any heavenly body with
refpefl to the horizon.

Some latitudes hai-e no canicular days, as thofe
which have more than feventy-thrce degrees of
northern elevation, as Nova Zembla.

Brown's Vulgar Errours.

Eleva'tor. tt. f. \{-com ele-vate.'\ A raifer.
or lifter up, applied to fome chirurgieal
inftruments put to fuch ufcs. i^incj.

ELE'VEN. [adj. inWepen, Saxon.] Ten
and one ; one more than ten,

Had 1 a dozen fons, and none lefs dear than Mar-
cius, I had TMhcr eleven i'lc nobly for their country,
than one voluptuouHy furteit out of adtion.

ahakfpeare.

EleVenth, adj. [(torn eleven.l The next
in order to the tenth.

In the eir/venth chapter he returns tofpeakof the
building of Babel. Raleigl's Hijliry.

ELF. »./. plural elves, [elf, Wellh. Baxters
Gloir.]

ELI

I. A vranJering fptrtt, fuppofed to be fe««

in wild unfreipented places ; a fairy.

Through this houfe give glimmering light.
By the dcod and drowfy fire ;
Every t//'aiid fairy fprite.
Hop »s light as bird from briar. Sn.iitff,

fairy »/-.«,
Whofe midnight revels by fome foreft fide,
Or foiintaiH, 1'omc belated peifint fee^.
Or dreams he fees. MillM.

The king of .-//> and little fairy queen
Gambol'd on heaths, and danc'douev'ry green.

DryieHt

If e'er one vifion touch'd thy infant thought.
Of all the nurfe and all tlie prices have taught ;
Of airy elies by moon-light Ih.ido'.v fecn.
The lilver token, and llie cii'ded green. Pefe.

2. A devil.

That we may angels fcem, we paint them elves ;
Andarebut fatirej tofetupourfelvtS. DryJen.

However it was civil, an angel or f//",:
For he ne'er could have fill'd it fo well of himfelf.

Swift.

To Elf. f. a. [from the noon.] To en-
tangle hair in fo intricate a manner, that
it is not to be unravelled. This the vul-
gar have fuppofed to be the work of fai-
ries in the night ; and all hair fo matted
together, hath had the name of elf-locks.

llanmer.
My face I'll grime with filth,
Kankct my loins, r//'all my hair in knots. Sbake^.

E'lfin. adj. [from elf.] Relating to fai-
ries ; elfiih ; belonging to elves.

Now when that idle dream was to him brought.
Unto that clfn knight he bade him fly.
Where he (lept foundly. Sf infer.

E'lflock. «. /. [elf oA lock,^ Knots of
hair twilled by elves.

This is that very Mab,
I That plats the manes of horfes in the night.
And cakes the elf-Ueks in foul lluttifli hairs.
Which, once entangl'd, much misfortune bodes.

Sbakfp.

To ELI'CTTE. -v. a. [f/;Vw, Latin.] To
ftrike out ; to fetch out by labour or art.

Although the fame truths may be elicited, and ex-
plicated by the contemplation of anim.ils, yet they
are more clearly evidenced in the contemplation of
man. Halt's Origin of Mank.

He elicits thofe afts out of the meer laplisd ftate of
human nature. Cbiynt.

Eli'cit. adj. [elkiius, Latin.] Brought
into aft ; brought from poffibility to real
exiftence.

It is the virtue of humility and obedience ; and not
the formal elicit aft ofmecknefs; mecknefs being
ordinarily annexed to thefc virtues. Hamm.

The fchools difpute whether, in morals, the ex-
ternal aftion fupcradds any thingof good or evil to Ihe
internal elicii aft of the will. South.

Elicita'tion ti.f. [from c/iV/o, Latin.]

That clicitalion which the fchools intend, is a de-
ducing of the power of the will info aft: that draw-
ing which they mention, is merely from theappetibi-

lit'

r

Bramhall.

To break

of the objeft,

To £li'd£. -v. a. [elido, Latin.]
in pieces ; to crufh.

We are to cut oft" that whereunto they, from
■whom thcfe objeftions proceed, fly for defence, whes
tlie force and itrength of tlie argument is elided.

Hooker..
Elioibilitv.. ». /. [ixom eligible.'] Wor-
thinefs to be chofen.

The bufinefs of the will is not to judge concerning
the nature of things, but to choofe them in confe-
quence of the report made by the underftanding, as to
their eligibility or goodnefe. Fidd's's Serm.

E'LIGIBLE. adj. [ehgibilis, Latin.] Fit
to be chofen; wortSy of -choice; pre-
ferable.

A Britilh miniftry ought to be fatisfied, if, al.
lowing to every particular man that liis private

Ichwns

ELL

(Atmt ii wifeft, they can perfuade him, that next
to his own plan, that of the govcrnmtnt is (he
tnoft eligHU. AJdi/o't's Frtibcldir.

Did they really thir , that going on with the
war was more ebglitt for their countiy than (he
had abatement of thofe conditions f Sn-ift.

That the moft plain, fhort, and lawful way to
«ny good end, is more eligible than one direftly con-
trary in fome or all of thele qualities. S-wift.
Certainty, in a deep dillrcfs, is more eligible than
fufpenfe. PT/*'n
E'ligibleness. ». /. [from eligible.]
Worthinefs to be chofen ; preferablenefs.
Ehmina'tion. ff./. [elimina, Lal'm.] The
aft of banifhing; the aft of turning out
of doors; rejeftion. JD'3-
Eli'sion ».y. [<■////<», Latin.]

1. Thcaft of cutting off; as, can't tV at-
tempt, there is an elifion of a fyllable.

Vou will obferve the abbreviations and elifions,
by which confoaauts of molt obdurate founds are
joined together, without any foftening vowel to in-
tervene. Swift.

2. Divifion; feparation of parts.

The caufe given of found, that it would be an
ilifim of the air, whereby, if they mean any thing,
they ro^n a cutting or dividing, or elfe an attenu-
atiag of the air, is but a term of ignorance.

Bacon's Natural llifiory.

Elixa'tiok. »./. \elixut, Latin. J The
aft of boiling or flewing any thing.

Even to ourfeives, and more perfcft animals, wa-
ter performs no fubftantial nutrition ; fcrring for rc-
frigeraiion, dilution of folid aliments, and its clix-
aiiijt in ihellomach. Bn,'u:n.

Eli'xir. «./. [Arabick.]

1. A medicine made by ftrong infufion,
where the ingredients are almoft diflblved
in the menftruam, and give it a thicker
conCftence than a tinfture. ^incj.

For when no healing art prevail'd,
When cordials and elixirs fail'd.
On your pale cheek he dropp'd the (how'r,
Reviv'd you like a dying flow'r. Waller.

2. The liquour, or whatever it be, with
which chymifts hope to tranfmute raetals
to gold.

No chymift yet the elixir got.
But gloritics his pregnant pat,
If by the way to him befal
Some oderiferout thing, ormeJicinal, Dinne.

3. The extraft or quintcffence of nny thing.

In the foul, when the fupreme faculties move re-
gularly, the inferiour paflions and affections follow-
ing, there arifes a lerenity infinitely beyond the
Inghcft ijuinteflcnce and elixir of worldly delight.

South.

if. Any cordial ; or invigorating fubftancc.

What wonder then, if fields and regions here
Kreathe forth elixir pure ! Milltn's Par. LoJI.

Elk. »./. [a;lc, Saxon.]

The eH is a large and rtaidy animal of the flag
kii-d. The neck is ihort and flendcr ; the eari
nine inches in length, and tour in breadth. The
colour of iti coal in Winter is greyilh, in Summer
it IS paler. The horns of the male elk'ztt ihort
and thick near the head, where r by degrees enpands
into a great breadlii, with fcveral prominences in its
edges. Hill.

And, fcarce his head
Rais'd o'er the hcapy wreath, the branchiner/i
Lies fiumb'ringfilent in the white abyft. T'bom/t.n.

Ei.L. H.f. [eln, Saxon.]

1. A meafure containing forty-five inches,
or a yard and a quarter.

Tli»/ arc fald to mjke yearly forty thoufind

pieces of linen cloih, reckoning two hundred (■//■

^f. the piL:ce. Addiftn.

2. It is taken proverbially for a long mea-
fure,

.^cquit thee brave'y, play the man ;
I.onk nor on pleafuret as they come, but go :

Vol. L

E L O

Defer not the laft virtue ; life's poor fpan
Makes not an ell by trifling in thy woe. Herbert.
ELLIPSIS, v.f. [jAAfiirm?.]

I. A figure of rhetorick, by which fonie-
thing is left out neceflary to be fupplied
by the hearer : as, tbt thing I lofve, for the
thing which / Icrce.

The words are delivered by way of ^///wJr, Rom.
iv^ 18^ tiamntond.

z. [In geometry.] An oval figure, being
generated from the feftion of a cone, by
a plane cutting both fides of the cone,
but not parallel to the bafe, which pro-
duces a circle, and meeting with the
bafe when produced. Harris.

On the cylinder inclined, defcribe an elliffts pa-
rallel to the horizon. Wilkins's Dxdalut.
The planets could not poflibly acquire fuch re-
voluticns in circular orbs, or in ellifjis very little
eccentrick. Beiitlry.
Ell I 'p Ti c A L . "1 odj.. [from ellipfts.'] Hav-
Elli'ptick. J ing the form of an el-
lipfis ; oval.

Since the planets move in elliptick ottlts, in one
of whole foci the fun is, and by a radius from the
fun defcribe equal areas in equal times, which no
other law of a circulating fluid, but the harmonical
circulation, can account for ; we muft tind out a
law for the paracentrical motion, that may make
the orbits elliftici. Chtyne\ PMI. Prin.

In animals, that gather food trom the ground,
the pupil is oval or f/Z/pf/ca/; the grcatelk diameter
going iranfverlcly from fide to IrJe.

Cheyne's Phil. Prin.

Elm. k./. [ulmns, Latin; elm, Saxon.]
1 . The name of a tree. The fpcties are,
the common rough-leaved elm ; the
witch hazel, orbroad-leaved elm, by fome
called the Briti(h elm; the fmooth-leaved
or witch elm. Neither of them were
originally natives of this country ; but
they have propagated themfelvcs by feeds
and fuckers in fuch plenty as hardly to
be rooted out ; efpecially in hedgerows,
where there is harbour for their roots.
They are very proper to place in hedge-
rows upon the borders of the fields,
where they will thrive better thnn when
pl.mted in a wood or clofe plantation,
and their (hade will not be very injurious
to whatever grows under thcra ; for they
may be trained up in form of an hedge,
keeping them cut every year, to the
height of forty or fifty feet : but they
(hould not be planted too near fruit trees;
becaufe the roots of the elm will inter-
mix with the roots of otlicr trees, and
deprive them of nourilhracnt. Miller.

The rur.TJ feat,
Wbofe lolly i/;«i and venerable oa'' s,
invite the rook, wlio ht8:h amid' the boughs.
In early Spring Hii airy city build . 'tbcmpn.

. It was ufeJ to fupport vines, to which
the poets alhuie.

Thou art an i/ot, my hulhand ; I a vine,
Wl.ofe wcikncfi married to thy llrongcr ftatc,
Makc> me with thy Itrc.igth to communicitc.

Sbjktfftare.

Eloco'tIok. '»,/. [eloctttio, Latin.]
1. The power of fluent fpecch.

A travelled do^or of j-hyfick, of lold, and of able
elocution. H'otton.

1. Power of fpe.ik ing ; fpecch.

Whofe lafte, ton long lorhr>rne, atfirftefliiy
Gave ilocuti'./i to (he mure, and taught
1 lie tongue not nude for fpeeth to fpeaW thy praife.

Milttn.

E L O

3. The power of expreflion <5r diftion 5
eloquence; beauty of words.

The tliird happinefs of his (oet's imagination i»
eloculion^ or the art ef cloathing or adorning that
thought fo found, and varied, in apt, ligniHcant,
and founding words. Dryden,

As 1 have endeavoured to adorn it with noble
thoughts, fo much more to exprefs thofe thoughts
with (locution. Dryden.

E'logy. V.J. \eloge, French.] Praife;
panegyrick.

Buckingham lay under millions of maledii!>iorj,
which at the prince's arrival did vaniih into praifes
and elogit s. l^otton.

If I durft fay alt I know of the elegies received
concerning him, I Ihould offend the modefty of our
author. ISoylc.

Some excellent perfons, above my approbation or
elegy i have conlidered this fubjedt-.

Holder's Elements of Speech,
T^E'loigne. nj.a. [ir/o/f/z^r, French.] To
put at a diftance ; to remove one far from
another. Now difufed.

From worldly care himfelf he did e/o/w,
And greatly Dunned manly exercife. Fairy ^tteeit.

I'll tell thee now, dear love 1 what thou thalt d»
To anger dertiny, as Ihe doth us ;
How I fliall flay though Ihe eloigne me thus.
And how pofterity Ihall know it too. Donne.

To E'LONGATK. 'V. a. [from longus, La-
tin.]

I. To lengthen; to draw Out; to protraft ;
to ftretch.

J. To put further off.

The rirft rtar of Aries, in the time of Meton the
Athenian, was placed in the very inttrfeflion,
which is now eltnguied and moved eallward twenty-
ei^!it degrees. Ih-o'wn.

To Klo'ngate. v. n. To go off to a
diftance from any thing.

About Cape Frio in Brafilia, the South point of
the compafs varieih twelve degrees unto the Wcftj
but elongating from the coart of Brafilia, towards
the (liorc of Africa, it varieth eaflwaril.

Brown's Vulgar Errours.
Elonca'tion. »./. [from elongate.']

1. The aft of ftretching or lengthening it-
felf.

To this motion of elongation of the fibres is
owing the union or conglutination of the parts of the
body, when they are fcparatcd by a wound.

Arbuthnot on Aliments,

2. The ftate of being ftretched.

3. [In rnedicinc.] An iniperfeft luxation,
when the ligament of any joint is fo ex.
tendedor relaxed as to lenghten the limb,
but yet not let the bone go quite out of
its place. Sluinry,

Elonf.ations arc the cflfcft of an humour Ibaking
upon a ligament, thereby making it liable to bo
fttetched, and to be thtuft quite out upon every
litdc force. IVi/tman's Surgerv.

4. Diftance ; fpace at which one thing it
diftant frorn another.

The dirtant points in the celeftial expanfe appear
to the eye in fo fmall a degree of e otigation from
another, as bears no proportion to what i> real.

Clan ville 's Scepfs,

5. Departure ; rcmov.nl.

Nor then had it been placed in a middle point,,
but that of defcent, or elongation.

Brown's Vulgar Errours,
To ELOTE. -v. a. [loifen, to run, Dutch.]
To run away ; to break loofe; to efcapc
from law or rcftraint.

It is neceflary to treat women as members of the
body politick, fince great numbers of them have
elofrd fiom llieir allegiance. Addihr.'s Frwholder,

What from the dame can Paris hope ?
She may as well from him elope. Ptior.

The fool whole wife <•/»/''■' '°"" thrice a quarter,
Fi,r matrimonial folace dies a martyr. Pope.

4 P Elo'i'EMi; »T.

ELS

Elo'pement. ». /. [from elope."] De-
parture from juft reftraint; rejedion of
lawful piwer: coraraonly ufedofawife.

An fl'rprmnti is the voluBtary departure of a wife
from her hulband to live with aii idullerer, and
with whom flic lives in breach of the malrimoni il
vow. Ayllffc't Parergon.

The negligent huflund, tnifting to the efficacy

of his principle, was undone by his wife's tlofe-

nuni from him. Ariuihnot.

Elops. ». /. r?Ao\j/.] A fi(h; reckoned

however by Milton among the ferpents.

Scorpion and afp, and amphitbena dire
Ceraftes horn'd, hydrus, and tloks drear.
And dipfas. milloTi's Par. Liji.

E'loquence. n.f. [elojuentia, Latin.]

1. The power of fpeaking with fluency and
elegance ; oratory.

Action is tloouexce, and the eyes of the ignorant
More learned tnan the ears. Shakefp^ Coiioia.ius.

Athens or free Rome, where etoqiuuce
Tlourifli'd, fince mute. Millon.

His infant foftnefs pleads a milder doom.
And fpeaks with all the eloquenct of tears. He'rgh.

2. Elegant language uttered with fluency.

Say (he be mute, and will not fpeak a word ;
Then I'll commend her volubility.
And fay flie uttered piercing eloquenet. Sbakijp.

Fit words attended on his weighty fenfe,
And mild perfuafion flow'd in eloquence. Pope*s Od.
E'toquENT. adj. [elofuens, Latin.] Hav-
ing the power of oratory; having the
power of fluent and elegant fpeech.

The Lord of hods doth take away the captain of
6fty, and the honourable man, and the counfellor,
and the cunning artificer, and the eloquent orator.

Ifiiah iii. J.

O death ! all eloquent, you only prove
What dull we dote on, when 'tis man we love. Pope.

Else, pronoun. \t\\ty, Saxon.] Other;
one beCdes : it is applied both to perfons
and things.

To Hand ftained with travel, and fweating with
defire to fee him j thinking of nothing elfe, putting
all affairs elfe in oblivion, as if there were nothing
elfe to be done but to fee him. Shakeff. Hinry IV.

Should he or anyr^fearch, he will Hnd evidence
of the Divine Wifdom. Hate't Origin of Mankind.

He fays, 'twas then with him, as now with you ;
He did it when he had nothing elfe to do. Denham.

Else. adv.

1. Otherwife.

Dare not, on thy life.

Touch ought of mine bclide, by lot my due,

. But ftand aloof, and think profane to view : '

This faulchion, elfe, not hitherto withftood,

Thefe hoftile fields Ihall fatten with thy blood.

Dry den.
What ways are there whereby we Ihould be af-
fiired, but either by an internal imprelTion of the
Dotion of a Cod upon our minds, or elfe by fucli
external and vifible elieds as our reafon tells us mult
be attributed to fome caufe ? Tillolfon.

2. Befide ; except that mentioned.

Fleafures which no where elfe were to be founii,
And all Elyfium in a fpot of ground. Dryden.

3. It has foraetimesor before it fiiperflu-
oudy.

Be more abftemious.
Or elfe, good night your vow. Shakefp.

E'lsewhere. ad'u. [elfe ai\A •where.]
I, In any other place.

Therrare here divers trees, which ate not to1>e
fo md elfenhere. Abbot 't Defcrip. of the World,

.^s he proved that Pifon was not Ganges, or Ge-
>on, Nilus ; fo where to find them elfewhere he
knew not. Raleigh'i Hifl.

For, if we chance to fix our thoughts elfrwheie,
ThoJgh our eyes open be, we cannot fee. Davits,

Henceforth oracles are ceas'd.
And thou no more with pomp and facrilice
Shalt be enqnir'J at Dilphos, otilfe^bere. Millon,
Although fcafoncd bodies may and d» live near as
Irrg in London ai eljev/kere, yet new-comers and
ti ildi:a do oau Craiiiu't Billt oj Mtr.aliiy,

E L U

2. In other places ; in fome oth?r place.

They which etfembere comphin, that injury is
offered to the mcancli minifler, when the maginrate
appoinlcth him what to wear, think the gravelt
prelates no competent judges where it is fit for the
minifter toftand. Hooker.

Let us no more contend, nor blame
Each other, blam'd enough elfetvbere. Alillon.

Bcftow, bafc man, thy idle threats elfevjbere ;
My mother's daughter know's not how to fear. Dryd.

If it contradiits what he fays elfewbere, it is no
new or ftrange . hing. Tillotfon.

To Elu'cidate. -r. a. \elucido, Latin,]
To explain ; to clear ; to make plain.
To elucidtte iXiltii the matter, let us confidcr it.

B^yle.
Elucida'tion. »./. \itom eliuidate.] Ex-
planation ; expofltion.

We (hall, in order to the elucidation of this matter,
fubjoin the following experiment. Boyle.

Elucida'tor. n.f. [itova elucidale.] Ex-
plainer; expofitor; commentator.

Obfcurity is brought over them by the courfe of
ignorance and age, and yet more by their pedantical
e/kcidatorj. Abbot.

To ELU'DE. -v. a. [eludo, Latin,]

1 . To efcape by ftratagem ; to avoid any
mifchief or danger by artifice.

Several pernicious vices, notorious among us,
efcape or elude the punilhment of any law yet in-
vented. Stvift.

He who looks no higher for the motives of h is
conduft than the refentments of humjn juftice,
whenever he can prcfume himfcif cunning enough to
elude, rich enough to bribe, or ftrong enough to re-
fill it, will be underno rellraint. Rugas.

2. To mock by an unexpefted efcape.

Me gentle Delia beckons from the plain,
Then, hid in Ihadcs, eludes her eager fwain ;
But feigns a laugh to fee me fearch around.
And by that laugh the willing fair is found. Pope.

Elu'dibi.e. od-v. [from <■/«</<■.] PolhWe
to be defeated.

There is not any common place more infilled on
than the happinefs of trials by juries; yet if this
blcifed part of our law be eludible ■ by power and ar-
tifice, we Ihall have little reafon to boaft. Swift.

Elves. The plural of <'^. See Elf.

Fairy el-ves
Whofe midnight revels by fome foreft (iJe,
Or fountain, fome belated peafant fees.
Or dreams he fees. ' Milton.

Ye fylphs and fylphids to your chief give ear ;
Fays, fairies, genii, el-ues and demons hear. Pepe,

E'lvelock. ». /. [from elves and loci.]
Knots in the hair fuperftitioufly fuppofed
to be tangled by the fairies.

From the like might proceed the fears of polling
elvelacks, or complicated hairs of the head.

Brotun's yulgar Errours.

E'lvish. adj. [{mm el'vet, the plural ofc^:
it had been written more properly f^',^.]
Relating to elves, or wandering fpi-
rits.

Thou elviji markt, abortive, rioting hog !
The (lave of nature, and the fon of hell 1 Shakefp.

No mufe hath been fo bold.
Or of the latter or the old,
Thofe elz-ifh fecrets to unfold.

Which lie from others reading. Drayton.

Ei.v'MBATt.D. adj. [elunibis. Lit.] Weak-
ened in the loins. I>i<3.

Ei.u'sioN. n.y. [eltijta, Latin.] An efcape
from enquiry or examination ; a fraud ;
an artifice.

An appendix relating to the tranfmutation of me-
tals, detefts the impoftures and .'/lyfcwa- of thofe who
have pretended to it. ffcoJ-ivard's Nat. Hifl.

Elu'sive. adj. [from ehde.] Praftififlg
elufion ; ufing arts to efcape.

i/jj/TiY of the bridal day, (he gives
Pofld liopes W aJl, aoiall wiih hopes il.ceivej. Pope.

E M A

Eltj'sort, adj. [hom elude.] Tending to
elude; tending to deceive ; fraudulent,
deceitful; fallacious.

It may be feared they are but Parthian flights,
ambufcade retreats, and elufory tergivcrfation.

Brc^'n's Vulgar Erroteru

To El u'te. -v. a. [eluo. Latin.] To walh off.

The more oily any fpirit is, the more pernicious ;
becaufe it is haitier to be cluied by the blood.

Arbutbnoi on Aliments.

To Elu'triate. -v. a. [elutrio, iM.] To
decant ; or ftrain out. ■

The prelfure of the air upon the lungs is muciv
lefs than it has been computed by fome ; but ^ill
it is fomething, and the alteration of one tenth of
its force upon the lungs mull produce fome dif&r-
ence in elutriating the blood as it pafTes through the
lungs. Arbutbnoi on Air.

Eiy'siAv. adj. [eljj^us, Lziin.] Pertaining
to Elyfium; pleafant; delicioufly foft
and foothing ; exceedingly delightful.

The river of life, through midft of heaven.
Rolls o'er clyfian flowers her amber llream. Milton.

ELY'SIUM. n,f. [Latin.] The place af-
figned by the heathens to happy fouls ;
any place exquifitely pleafant.

To have thee with thy lips to Hop my mouth.
So (hould'll thou either turn my Hying foul.
Or 1 (hould breathe it fo into thy body.
And then it liv'd in (vial Elyfium, Stak, Hen. VI.

'Em. a contraction oi them.

For he could coin and counterfeit
New words with little or no wit ;
And when with hady noife he fpoke *ewr.
The ignorant for current took *em, Hudibras..

ro EMA'CIATE. -.•. «.. [emacio, Latin.j
To Vafte ; to deprive of flefli.

Men after long emaciating diets wax plump, fat,
and almoll new. Bacon.

All dying of the confumption, die emaciated and
lean. GraunI' s Bills of Morlality,

ToEma'ciate. 'V. n. To lofe flefli; to
pine ; to grow lean.

He emaciated and pined away in the too anxious
enquiry of the fea's reciprocation, although nor
drowned therein. Brcetvn.

Emacta'tion. n.f, [emaciatut, I^atin,]

1. The aft of making lean.

2. The ftate of one grown lean.

Searchers cannot tell whether this emaciation or
leannefs were from a phthifis, or from a hedlick fe^
vcr. Gi-aunt.

Emacula'tion. a./, [emaculo, Latin ]
The aft of freeing any thing from fpots
or foulnefs. Difl,

E'manant. adj. [emanam, Lat.] Ifluing
from fomething elfe.

The firft aft of the divine nature, relating to the
world, and his adminillration thereof, is an emanant
atl : the moll wife counfel and purpofe of Al-
mighty God terminate in thofe two great tranfient
ox emanam .ifls or works, the work of creation and
providence. Hale's Origin if Mankind.

ToE'ut^.nKTZ.'v. n. [emano, hsiiin.] To
ifliie or flow from fomething elfe.

E M A N a't 1 o N .; ». /. [emanatio, Latin . ]

1. The aft of ifluing or proceeding from
any other fubftance.

Ariilotle faid, that it llreamed by connatural n-
fult and emanation from God, the infinite and.
eternal Mind, as the light ilTues from the fun. Souib,

2. That which ifl'uej from another fub-
ftance ; an efilux ; eflluvium.

The experience of thofe profitable and excellent
emanations from God, may be, and commoiily are,
the firtl motive of our love. Taylor,

Another way of attradlion is delivered by a te-v
nuous emanation, or continued effluvium, which,
after fome dillance, rctratteth unto itfelf ; as in fy-
rups, oils, and vi cotities, which fpun, at length ue-
tirc into iheii iormcr dimenfioas. £' '""'"•

Sueb

I

E M B

Sach vtn the features of her hcav'nly face ;
Her limSs were form'd with fuch harmonious grace ;
So tauitlefs wasthc frar*", as if the whole
« Had been an eiruinafitn of the foul. Dryd.

1 he letters, cTcry judge will fee, were by no
xneana-edjrts of the genius, but emanations of the
heart. P^fe.

'Each ntajtation of his fires
That beams on earth, each virtue he infpires ;
Each art he prompts, each charm he can create;
Whate'er he gives, are giv'n for you to hate. Pope,
E»ia'nativ£. adj. [from emano, Latin.]
Ifluing from another. Dia.

7« EMA'NCIPATE. -v. a. {emancipo, U-
tin.] To fet free from fervitude; to
reftore to libertjr.

Having received the prebaMe mducements of
truth, »'c become emancifaitd from cellimonial en-
gagements. Brawn.
By the twelve tables, only thofe were called unto
the inieftateft:cceflion of their parents that were in
* the parents power, excluded aU em-iKcipaud chil-
dren. Aylift'iParergon,
They tmanel^ted themTclves from dependence.

Arhuihnot.
Emancipa'tion. n, f, [from emancipate.^
The aft of fetting free ; deliverance from
flavery.

ObQinacy in opinions holds the dogmatifl in the
chains of error, without hope of emancifatian.

GIunviUe*s Scrpjis.

Ta Ema'kcinate. v. a. [marfo, Latin.]
To take away the margin or edge of any
thing. Dia.

To Ema'sculate. -v. a. [ema/cuk, Latin.]

1 . To caftrate ; to deprive of virility.

When it is found how many ews, fuppofe twenty,
one ram will fervc, we may geld nineteen, or ihetc-
abouts; for if you fira/iWjri' but ten, you (hall, by
promifcuous copulatioo, binder the incrcafc.

Craunt.

2. To effeminate ; to weaken ; to vitiate by
unmanly foftnefs.

From wars and from affairs of (late abftain ;
Women tmafculalt a monarch's reign. Dryd.

Dangerous principles impofe upon our underftaiid-
ings, cmjfckUtc our fpirits, and fpeil our temper.

Collier.

Emascula'tion. n.f. [from emafculate.\

1. Caftration.

2. Effeminacy; womani(h qualities; un-
manly foftnefs.

7oEmbj.'le. -v. a. {embalhr, French.]

1. To make up into a bundle.

2. To bind up ; to inclofe.

Below her ham her weed did fomewhat train.
And her ftraight legs mod bravely were emhal'd
Ingolden bufkini of coftly cordwain. Fairy Sluttn.
To Emba'lm. f. a. [tmbaumer, French;
emial/amer, Spanilh.J To impregnate a
body with aromaticks, that it may refill
putrefaflion.

Embalm me.
Then lay me forth ; although unqueeo'il, yet like
A f ueen, and <iaui;hler to a king, inter me.

S&aiejpeare,
I would (hew future times
What you were, and ttach them t'urge towards fuch :
Verfe cmbalmt virtue, and tombs or thrones of
rhymes,
Preferve frail tran(itory fame as much
Ki fpice doth bodies from corrupt ait's touch.

Dmne.
Mute \ at that name ihy facred forrows (hed ;
Thofe tears eternal that emhztm the dead. Popt.

Emba'lmbii. n. r. [from <'«W«.] One
that praftifes the art of embalming and
prefcrving bodies.

The komans were not fo good emlialmeri aa the
Egyp'.iaiis, fo the body was u'lerly cmfumcd.

bacon't Inatural HiJIory.

EM B

To EmbaHi. <u, a. [from bar.]
I, lofhut; to enclofe.

Thcmfelves for fear into his jaws to fall.
He forc'd to caftlc (Irong to take their flight j
Where faft embai'd in mighty brazen wall.
He has them now four years belieg'd to make them
thrall. Sfenfir.

In form of airy members fair enthar^d
His fpirits pure were fubjeft to our light. F.iirjjx,
2. To ftop ; to hinder by prohibition ; to
block up.

Tranilating the mart unto Calais, he emiarrd all
further trade for the future. Bacon's Heny Vi I.

I f this commerce 'twixt heaven and earth were not
Embar'd, and all this traffick quite forgot.
She, fur whofe \oh we have lamented thus.
Would work more fully and pow'rfullyon us. Donne.
Embarka'tion. }:./. [iiova embark.]

1 . The aifl of putting on fliipboard.

The French gentlemen were very folicitous for
the embarcalion of the army, and for the departure
of the eet. _ Clarendon,

2. The aft of going on (hipboard.
Emba'rco. ».y. [embargar, Spaiiilh.]- A

prohibition to pafs ; in commerce, a ftop
put to trade.

He knew tliat the fubjefls of Flanders drew fo
great commodity from the trade of England, as by
embargo they would foon wax weary of Perkm.

Bacon's Henry VU.

After an embargo al oat trading (hips in the livcr
ofBourdeaux, and other-points of foverei^ affront,
there did I'ucceed the aftion of fthcez. If'ottun.

I was not much concerned, in my own particular,
for (htcmiargo which was laid upon it. Diyd

ToEmda'rk. <r. a. [embarjuer, Attach.]

1. To put on Ihipboard.

Of mankind, fo numerous late,
All left, in one fmall bottom fwam embark' d.

._, , . . Milton.

The kmg had provided a good fleet, and had
caufed a body of three thoufand foot to be embarked
on thofe rtiips, Clarendtn.

Straight to the (hips JEntis took his way,
Emiait'd his men, and (kim'd along the fea.

Dryden'i Mn.

2. To engage another in any affair.
To Emba'rk nj. 71.

1. To go on (hipboard.

I (hould with (jpeed embark.
And with their embaffy return to Greece.
_ ; A. Phillift.

2. Te engage in any affair.

7b EMBA'RRASS. -v. a. [embarajer, Fr.]
To perplex ; to diftrefi ; to entangle.

1 faw my friend a little emtarrajid, and turned

_*"■■■'>■•, Sf"^-

Emba rrassment. »./. [from embarra/s.]
Perplexity ; entanglement.

\m your method be plain, that your hearers may
run through it witliout emiarraj'meni, and take a
clear view of the » hole. IVaits's Logiii.

ToEmba'se. -v. a. [from ba/e.]

1. To vitiate; to depauperate ; to lower;
to deprave ; to impair.

Grains are annual, fo that the virtue of the feed
is not worn out ; whereas in a tree it is emia/ed by
the ground. Bacon.

1 have no fcrvice or ignoble end in my prcfent
labour, which may, on cither (ide, reftrain or em.
ia/t (he freedom of my poor judgment. IVotion.

1 will rather chufe to wear a crown of thorns,
than to exchange that of gold for one of lead, whofe
mifl/r/flexiblenefs (lull be forced to bend.

^ing Charles.

A plf afure high, rational, and angelical ; a plci-
fure tmbaj'ed with no appendant fling j but fuch a
one as being honey in the mouth, never turns to
gall or gravel in the belly. Hoiub.

2 . To degrade ; to vilify.

Joy of my life, full oft for loving you
I bkls my lot, that was fo lutky pUc'ii :

E M B

Rut then the more your own milhap I rue,
That are fo much by fomean love embas'd. Sfenfir.
Emba'ssador. n.f. [See Ambassadour.]
One fent on a publick meffage.

Mighty Jove's embaffador appear'd .

With the fame meffage. Denham.

Myfelf, the king's emb.jffador, will go. Dryden.

Emba'ssadress. tt.f. A woman fcnt oa
a publick meffage.

With fear the raodeft matron lifts her eyes.
And to the bright embaffudrrfs replief .

Garth's Ovid.
E'mbassage. "1 »./. [It may be obferved,
E'mbassy. / that though our authoiirs
write almoft indifcriminately embaffador,
or ambaffador, emhaffage or ambaffage ;
yet there is fcarcely an example of am-
bafjy, all concurring to write embaffy.]

1 . A publick meffage ; a meffage concerning
bufinefs between princes or ftates.

Frelh embaffy and fuits.
Nor from the ftate nor private friends, hereafter.
Will I lend ear to. Shukeff. Coriolanut.

When he was atNewcaftle he fent a folemn em-
iaffagc nnlo ]imei king of Scotland, to treat Snd
conclude a peace with him. Bacon's Henry VU.

The peace polluted thus, a chofen band.
He firll commilhons to the Latian land.
In threat'ning embaffy. Dryden's j^».

2. Any folemn meffage.

He fends the angels on embtjjics with his decrees.

Taylor.

3. An errand in an ironical fenfe.

A bird was made fly with fuch art to carry a writ-
ten embaffage among the ladies, that one might
fay. If a live bird, how taught? If dead, how
made ? Sidney.

Nimble mifchance, that art fo light of foot,
Doth not thy embaffage belong to me ;
And am I laft that know it .> Shakef. Rich. It.

To Emba'ttle. -v. a. [from battle] To
range in order or array of battle.

The Englifti are w/j/ar/Zfif;
Tohorfe I you gallant princes, ftraight to horfe \Shak.
I could drive her fron»the ward of her reputation,
her marriage-vow, and a thoufand other her de-
fences, which now are too ttrongly embattled againft
me. Shakef^

On their fmiar//'rf ranks the waves return.
And overwhelm the war ! Milton's Par. Lofl.

Embattl'd nations ftrive in vain
The hero's glory to reftrain :
Streams arm'd with rocks, and mountains red with

lire.
In vain againft his force confpire. Prior.

To Emba'ttle. -v. tt. To be ranged in
battle array.

The night
Is Ihmy, and they fay we (hall embattle
By the fecond hour of the morn. Shakef peare.

To Emba'v, v. a, [from baigner, to bathe,
French.]

1 . To bathe ; to wet ; to wa(h. Not ufed.

In her lap a little babe did play
His cruel fport;

For in her ftrcaming blood he i'\i em' ay
His little hands, and tender joints embrew. Fairy SK

Every fenfe the humour fwcet embay'd.
And, (lumb'ring folt, my heart did (leal away.

Fairy S^ueen.

2. \yxombay.] To inclofe in a bay ; to
land lock.

If that the Turkilh fleet
Be not indieltcr'd ViAembay'd, they're drown 'd.

Shake fp.
To EMBE'LLISH. -v. a. {ernhellir, French;]
To dorn ; to beautify ; to grace with
ornaments ; to decorate.

How mucli more beauteous had the fountain heeni

F.mbeliijh'd with herfirft created green ;

Where cryllal ((reams through living turf had run.

Contented with an urn ofjiative (tone. Dryd. Jim.

The names of the tijurcs that embcl'iifhed the

4 P z difcouifcs

E M B

iifeourfei of thofc ihal underftonJ the art ef fr«V-
isg, jre ROI the art aod Ikill ot fpeakiag well. lUcke.
That which was once the moll beauti(ul fpot of
Italy, covered with palaces, tmbtU'ijlrd by emjie-
rorsi and celebrated by poets, hjj n-^iv noihinp to
Slew but ruin*. AJdiJin on IrJy^

Embi.'llishmi:nt. n. /. [hottttmbtlLi/b.]
Ornament; adventitious hcauty ; decora
tion ; adfcititious grace ; any thing that
confers the. power of plcafing.

Cultivate the wild licentious Tivaje
With wifdoin, difcipline, and libera! .-.rf«.
The fmirlHJhmerits of li(e. AJUij-.n's Cm.

Apparitions, vifions, andiiitercourfesot all kiudj
k("«Ten the dead an;! the iivi:if, aie riie frequent
and lamiliar tmbtUiJknur.u of the Ugei.-ls oi the
Romilh chureh. Aufrbwj.

Fmberinc. ». /. The ember days. A
word ufed by old authours, no-*^ obfolete.

For Ciulcs good io many wajrs.
Keep etnt'iings well, and falling days ;
What law eeiTiTninds, wc ou|ht to obey.
For Friday, Saturn, and Wedneiaiy. TitJJer.

E'mbers.'«./. without a fingular [zmyjiia,
iiaxon, afhes ; emmjria, Irtandick, hot
afties or cinders.] Hot cinders ; aQies
not yet extinguilhed.

Take hot rmtcn, and put them about a bottle
filled with new beer, almoll to the very rteck : let
the bottle be well flopped, leil it fly out; and con-
tinue it, renewing the Hitirrs every day for the fpace
of ttrt days. buon'i Sat.lVJI.

If the air will not permit.
Some llill removed place will (it,
Wh;lc glowing ^ffiiifj through the room
Teach light to counterfeit a gloom. Mllttm.

While thus heaven's hijhcll counfels, by the low
Footlleps of their effedls, hetrac'd too well.

He tofs'd his troubl'd eyes, cmlitri that glow
Now with new rage, and wax too hot for hell.

Crjjbavi.

Hefaid, and rofe, as holy zealinfpires;
" He ralcei hot na^r^, and renews the lires.

Dryitn'i Virgil.

E'mberweek. *./. [The original of" this
word has been much controverted : foine
derive it from embtn or a(hes ftrewed by
•penitents on their heads; but Nelfon de-
cides it in favour oi Marcjihal, who de-
rives it from jmiren or embren, a (ourje or
tiraimlocution.^ A week in which an
ember day falls.

The ember days at the four fcafons are the WeJ-
nefdav, Friday, and Saturday alter ihe ftrll Sunday
in Lent, the fcaft of Pentecoft, September i.), De-
cember 13. Commort Prayer,

Stated times appointed for falling are Lent, and
the iiour feafbns of the year called rnilniveeis.

flyliffe'i Partrgon.
To EMBEZZLE, v. a. [This word fcems
corrupted by an ignorant pronunciation
from imbecil.\

1. To appropriate by breach of trnft ; to'
turn what is intruded in his hands to his
own ufe.

He had tmhex.Tdtd \\\t king's treafure, and ex-
torted money by way of loan (rom all men. Ha\^\

2. To waftc ; to fwallow up in riot.

When thou haft emtixil'd ail thy (lore,
Where's all thy father left i Diyden't P/rf.

Embezzlement, n.f. \itOTaembex.xJe.'\

1. The aft of appropriating to himfcif that
which is received in trnit for another.

2. Thrifiing appropriated.
I0 K M B I. a'z E . -v, a, [hlafanHer, French. ]
I. To adorn with glittering embellilhmcnts.

I'K' unlbu^htdiamonds
Would fo tmblnv-c the forehead of the deep.
Ana lu bcftud with (lark, that ihey below
Would jrow inux'd » lijht. Milloit.

E M B

Ko weeping orphan faw his father'} ftotN
Our (lirinrs Irradiate, or emtiaxt the Hoors. Topf

2. To blazon; to paint with cnfigns armO'
rial.

Nor (hall this bloodbe wiped from this point,
But thou (halt wear it as a herald's coat,
T\m6/tix^ the honour which lliy mallcrgot. Shak.

He from the glittering llaft* cufurl'd
Th' iuipctialcnlign, ilreaming to the wind.
With gems and golden lullie rich entiiasi'd^
Senphick arm, and trophies. Mi/ion's P^ir, Lcjl.

71) Embla'zon. 'v./j. [blafonner, French.]

1. To adorn with figures of heraldry ; to
grace with cnfigns armorial.

2. 'l"o deck in glaring colours ; to fet out
pompoiifly to (hew.

We linJ Auguilus, for fomc petty conqueil, cm-
blaaantd by the poets to the highcfl pitch.

tiuknvlii on Prtjniidettce.
Embla'zonry. n.f. [it<im emblazau.^ Pic-
tures upon (hiclds.

Him rot:nd
A globe of fiery feraphim inclos'd
With bright emhlasMtry'iai horrent arms, Milton.
E'MBLEM. ;/./. [I,«,C>>,,.*.a,J

1. Inlay ; enamel ; ;iny thing inferted into
the body of another.

2. An occult rcprefentation ; an illufive
pifture ; a typical defignation.

She hr.d all the royal makings of a queen.
The rod, and bird of peace, and all fuch cmbltmi^
Laid noble on her. ^haiifp. HemyVlW.

If you uraw your bead in an entblt'mf Ihcw a
landfcape of the country natural to the beall.

Peacbtmi on Draiuing.
Gentle Thames,
Thy mighty mailer's emblem, in whofe face
Sate meeknels, hcighten'd ^'ith majetlick grace.

Denbam.

He is indeed a froper emblem of knowledge and

aftion, being all head and paws. Addifon's Gttard.

7a E'mbi, LM. v. a. [from the noun] To

rcprefent in an occult or illufive manner.

Notufed.

The primitive fight oF elements doth fitly emblem
that of opinions. GlunvilU^s See/Jis,

EmBLEMa'tICAL. 7 ,. rr 77 1

Emblema'tick. 3 ■' •- ^

1. Comprifing an emblem; allufive; occult-
ly reprcfentative.

In the well fram'd models.
With embiematicit Ikill and myllick order.
Thou Ihew'dll where low'i-s on battlements fhould

rife,
Where gates fhould open, or where walls (h<iUld com-

pafs. Prior,

The poets contribute to the explication of rcveil'es
purely tmblcmalical, or when the perlbns aie alle-
gorical. AddiJ'^n,

2. Dealing in emblems; ufing emblems.

By tongue and pudding to our friends explain
What docs sovs emhUmutick worlhip mean. Prior.
EmblemA'TICai.lv. adi'. [from emblema-
tical.\ In the manner of emblems; allu-
fively; with occult reprefentation.

Others have fpoken emblematieally and hiero-
gliphica'ly, as to the Kgyptians ; and the phcenix was
the hitrof liphick of the lun. Bitvti's Fiilg, Er.
He look a great ilonc, and put it up unUer tbc
oak, emblematicoliy joining the two great elements
of malonry. Sivifr.

Emble'matist. »./. [from emblem.'^ Wri-
ters or invcnters of emblems.

Thefe tables aie Hill maintained by fymbolical

writers, emblema/ijls, and hculds. Brown*s Vu/. Er.

E'mbolisM. ri.J. [•/i«;ii(rj«.»<.J

I. Intercalation ; infcrtion of days or years

to produce regularity and equation of

time.

The civil conftitutior.i of the year were after
diS'crcutmanneriBlevtra) nations; fomc i:Gn£ tbc

E M B

fun'i reir, bot in divers falhions ; and fome follow,
ing the moon, finding out embolifmt or equations,
even to the addition of whole months, or to make all
as even as they could. Holder on Time*

>. The time inferted; intercalatory time.

E'mbolus. n.f. ['iiiCoAe?.] Any thing in-
ferted and afting in another, as the fucker
in a pump.

Our members make a fort of an hydraulick en-
gine, in which a chemical liquor refembhng blood*
is driven through claftic channels by an emiol:it,
like the heart. Arimbnol.

To EMBOSS. 17. a. [from taj/i, a protube-
rance, French.]

1. To form with protuberances; to cover
with fomething rlfiug into lumps or
bunches.

Timon hath made hiseverlafting manfiaa
Upon the beached verge of the fait flood ;
Which once a-day, with his emioj/'ed froth.
The turbulent furge ihall cover. Sbake/f, Timon,

Thou an a bilr,
A plague fore, or embcj/ed carbuncle.
In my corrupted blood. St^iikef. Kiftg Lear,

Botches and blaiiis mufl all his flelh embo/s.
And all his people. Milton's I'm. Lift,

All crowd in heaps, as at a night-alarm
The bees drive out upon each other's backs,
T' ^rtf^o/> their hives inclutlers. Dryd, Don. Sehaft,

2. 7'o engrave with relief, or rifing work.

Then o'er rhc lofty gate his art embofs'd.
Aiidrngeo's death, and oA'riags Co his ghod.

DryJ. yirg.

3. [from emho'ijler, French, to inclofe in a
box.] To inclofe; to include; to cover.

The knight his thrilliant fpear again alTay'd
111 his brals-plated body to emb'.fs. Sfenfer,

And in the way, as (he did weep and wail,
A knight her met, in mighty arms embtfs'd.

Fairy ShteeH.

^. {embofcare, Italian.] To inclofe in a
thicket.

Like that felf-begotten bird
In th' .\rabian woods emboj}, Milian's Agoaijles,

5, To hunt hard.

When a deer is hard run, and foams at the
mouth, he is faid to be embojl'. a dog alfo, when he
is ftrained with hard running, cfpccially upon hard
ground, will have his knees fwcUcd, and then he is
faid to be emboft, from bojje, Ficach, a tumour.

Hanmer,
Oh, he is more mad
Than Telamoii for his fliield ; the boar of ThelTaly
Was ue\xr fo embofi, Sbakejpeare,

We have almoll embofl him : you fhall lee hi*
fall to-night. Sbakeffcare,

Embo'ssment. ti.f. [from ^OTiia/f.]
I. i^ny thing Handing out froiB the icfl ;
jut ; eminence.

1 wiili alfo, in the very middle, a fair mount,
with three afcents and alleys, enough for four to
walk a-bi-c.tU ; which i would have to be perrcct
circles, without any bulwaiki or «««^y/»<i"'r.

Bacon's EJfays,

z. Relief; rifing work.

They are at a lot's about the word pendents ;
fome fancy it exprclfcs only the great embejfment of
the figure, others believe it hung oif the helmet in
alto relievo. AJdifon on hah.

To b.MB'orTLE. -v. a. \houtalle, French.]
To include in bottles ; to bottle.

Stirom, lirmcil fruit
Kmbotiled, long as Triametn Troy
Withitooil the Greeks' endures Fbilifs,

To EMiio'wiiL. -v. a. [from loixiel.\ To
evifceriite; to deprive of the entrails ; to
exentrate.

The fchools,
Embotvelled «f their dodlrine, have left off
The danger to itl'vlt. Hbaiieffejrt,

Emh-j-weiied will I fee ihcc by and by ;
'Till iheu, 10 blood, by n«Uk Percy lye.

^kakeff. lUnrjW .
Th«

EM B

The roar
ImicVKl/'Jvrith outrageous noife the aif,
And all her entrails tore. MiUon's Par. Loft.

Foflilf and minerals chat th' emtu'weil'dcir h
Di'plavs. Philips,

To EMBRA'CE. -v. a. [embraffer, French,]

1 . To hold fondly in the arms ; to fqueeze
in icindncfs.

£mini« again, my fons! be foes no more;
Nor Itaio your country with her children's gore.

Drydttt.

2. To feize ardently or eagerly ; to lay hold
on ; to welcome ; to accept willingly any
thing offered.

I take it, your own buflnefs calls on you,
And you embrace th' occafion to depart. Shakifp.

Atfirft, her mother earth ihe holdeth dear.
And doth emhruce the world, and worldly things.

Davies.

Thejr who are reprefented by the wife virgins,

embraced the profcflion of the Chriltian religion, as

the foolifli virgins alfo had done. Tilhijan.

3. To comprehend; to take in : as, natural
philofophy embraces manyfcieuces,

4. To comprife; to inclofe; to contain;
to encompfs ; to encircle.

I.owat his fcctafpacious plain is plac'd.
Between Lhe mountain and tlie ftttam cmbrac'd.

. Dtnbam.

{. To admit ; to receive. -

Fenton, Heav'n give the^ joy!

What cannot be efcbew'd, mull be embraced. Shalt.

If a man can be affured of any thing, without

having examined, what is there that he may not

imirace for truth ? Locke.

6. To find ; to take.

Fleance, his fon,
Whofe abfence is nolefs material (ome
Than is his father's, m.\A embrace the fate
Ofthatdarkhour. Shakeff . Mactelb.

7. To fqucere in a hoftile manner,
Te Embra'ce. "v. n. To join in an em-
brace.

Let me embrace with old Vincentio ;
And wander we to fee tliy honeft fon.
Who wiU of thy arrival be full joyous.

Embra'ce. a./, [from the verb.]

.] f^

E M B

An aperture in the wall, through which
the cannon is pointed ; battlement.
Ta Embra've. -v. a. [from brirve.l To
decorate; toembellifli; to deck; to grace;
to adorn. N ot now in ufe.
So, both agree their bodies to engrave;
The great earth's womb they open to the (ky.
And, with fad cyprefs, feemly it embia-ue

To E'MBROCATE. 1;. a. {i^Z^iy^. .J
rub any part difeafed with medicinal li-
quours.
1 returned her a glafs with oil of rofes and vine-

^ gar, to embiocne her arm. mjeman „n IxJLmm.

tiMBROCA'TioN. »./. \ito<ai embrocate. \

1. The aa of rubbing any part difeafed
with medicinal liquours or fpirits.

2. The lotion with which any difeafed part
is waflied or embrocated.

We endeavoured to eafe by difcutient and emnl-
lient cataplafmj, and embrocations of various forts.
^^ „ tyifeman* s Surirerv.

To EMBROI'DE R, 1,. a. [broder. French.]
To border with ornaments ; to decorate
with figured work; to diverfify with
needlework; to adorn a ground with
raifed figures of needlework.

Such un accumulation of favours is like a kind
of embroidering, or lifting of one favour upon ano

E M

T'o Embro'thel. 1; a.
To inclofe in a brotheL

Me:i, which chufe

E

\brothcl, broJel.]

ther.

H^oticn.

Sbahfp.

I. Clafp ; fond preffure in the arms ; hug.

Thames, the moftlov'd of all the ocean's fons

Embroidit'd fo with flowers it had ilood,
Thatitbecame agardenofawood. Waller.

Let no virgin be allowed to receive her lover,
but in a fuit of her own embroidering. Specl. N ' 606.

EmbroiJer'd purple clothes the golden beds ;
This flave the floor, and that the table fpreads. Po6e.
Embroi'derer. n. /. [embroider.] One
that adorns clothes with needlework.

Blue iilk and purple, the work of the embroiderer.

fcMBRoi DERY. 7/./. [{tom embroider.]
I. Figures raifed upon a ground; varie-
gated needlework.

Write,
III em'rald tuffs, (low'rs purfled, blue and while,
Likelapphire, pearl, in rich cmbroidtry.

Denham.

By his old lire, to \\\iembiacei runs.
S. An hoftile fqueeze; crudi.
Embra'cement. »./. \itom embrace.]

1. Clafp in the arms ; hug; embrace.

Thus death becomes a rival to us all.
And hopes with foul cmbracemenit her to get,
In whofe decay virtue'* fair Ihiine mult fall. Sidney

There cherifhlng one another with dear, though
chafte embractmemu with fweet, tliough cold kifies,
it might feem that Love was come to play him'
there v^ithout darts. i;j

2. rlotTile hug ; grapple.

Thefe beat*!, fighting with any man, ftand upon
Iheir hinder ictt, and fo this did, being readylo
give me a fhrewd cmbraccment. Sidney

3. Comprehenfion.

Nor can her wide f«^r«f»f«« filled be. Datues.

4. Stateof being contained ; inclofure.

The parts in man's body cifily reparable, as fui-
rus, blood, and flert,, die in the emirac<meni.o(
the paru hardly reparable, as bones ner.es, and
membranes. Bacon', NaturaHiiJi.ry

5. Conjugal ende.irmcnt.

1 wo.il,l freeher rejoice in .hat abfeiKe, wherein

he won honour, than in the tmhracemcni, of his

bed, where ..e, would Ihcw ^.<A love. Sbak . Cori.la

tMBRACER. n. f. \itoai embrace.] The

perfon c-nbracing.

Ytt are they the greattft embracer, of pleafure
of any other upon C4r;h; aod ihcy ellecm ot pearls
».,rbbles fo .hey may fatisfy the.r guft, in poir.t
of pleat ;re or revenge. tf^^i^

\tmhrafmrt, French.]

f'cnge,
EMBRA'SWRi. It, J.

Buckled below lair knighthood's beudmg knee

Shakefp.

Laces and embroideries are more coftly than either
warm or comely. Bacon s Advice to ViUiers.

Next thefe a youthful train their vows exprefs'd.
With feathen ctowu'd, with gay embroidery diefs'd.

■ir - • ^"f-

2. Vartegation; diverfity of colours.

11 the natural embroidery of the meadows were
helpt and improved by an, a man might make a
pretty lanJlkip of his own polfeflions.

Special or. No 414.
To Embro il. 1'. a. [broiiiller, French.]
l.Todifturb; to confufe; to diftraft; to
throw into commotion; to involve in
troubles by diflbnfion and difcord.

I had no pafTion, defign, or preparation to em-
broil my kingdom in a civil war. King Charles.

Rumour next, and chance.
And tumult and confufion, all embrotl'd.
And difcord with a thoufand various mouths. Mill.

When (lie found her venom fprcad fo far.
The royal lioith embtail'd in civil war,
Kais'd on her dulky wings Ihc cleaves the Ikies.

Dryden.

9. I o perplex ; to entangle.

li.^' '"'""*''"' ^"'i'l"i"fs at Rnme, though of a
frclhcr date, are fo fmir«i/r,/ with fable and legend,
that one receives but little fatisladlion.

Addif'jn on It.ity.

3. In the following paffage the word fecras
iinpropcrly ufed for broil or burn.

'hat knowledge, for which we boldly attempt to
rifle God's cabinet, (hould, like the coal from the
aliar, fe ve only to tmbroll kA conCumc the facri-
legious invaders. p^uy of Pieiy.

Law praflice for mere gain, boldly repute,

Warle than "»iro/.6ir/'i/ ilrumpetspioltitutc. Donne.

i'MBRYON. f "•■/• [«/*«;"*'•]

. The offspring yet unfiaifhed in the
womb.

The bringing forth of living creatures may be
accelerated, il the embryo ripeiieth and perfetleth
fooner. d _

An exclufion before conformation, before the
birth can bear the name of tlie parent, or be la
much as properly called an embryon.

Broiuii'r Cnlgar Errours.

1 he earth was form'd, but in the womb as yet
Of waters, embryon immature iuvolv'd
Appear 'd nor. Milton's Par. Lijl.

In that dark womb are the figns and rudimmtt
oi^rxembryo world. Burnn's Theory.

When thecrudc ^-m^rya careful nature breeds.
See how (he works, and how her work proceeds.

,,,,., , Blackmare,

While the promis'd fruit
Lies vet a little embt >•<?, unperceiv'd
Within its crimlon folds. Thtmf.n's Spring.

2. 7 he Ihite of any thing yet not fit for
produftion ; yet unfinifhed.

The company little fufpeded what a noble work
I had then in i-mbryo. Swifi.

Em E. K./. [eame, Saxon.] Uncle. Nov»
obfolete.

Whiirt they were young, Caffibelan their em?,.
Was by the people chofcn in their ftead ;
Who on him took the royal diadem,
^ Andgoodly well it long timegoverned. Sperfer;

Eme'nuadle. fl(//. [<'/««yo, Lat.] Capa-
ble of emendation ; corrigible.
Emenda'tion.//./. [emivdo, Lat.]
1. Correction ; alteration of any thing from:
worfe to better.

The effciice and relation of any thing in beiii", It
fitted, beyond any emnd.tiion, for its aiilion "and
ufcj and Ihews it to proceed from a mind of the
highett underltaiiding. Gretu.

2. An alteration made in the text by verbal.

criticifm.
Emenoa'tor. n./. [emendo, Lat.] A cofi
redor; an improver; an altcrer for the
better.
E'meralD. n. f. \emerttude,Yrcnch; /ma-
ragdm, Lat.] A green precious ftone.

The wwcra/i/ is evidently the fame with tlie an-
cient fmaragdus ; and, in its moll perfect llatc, is
perhaps the moll bc.iutifiil of .ill the gems. The
rough emerald is ufually of a very bright and na-
turally polilhed fui1.ice,.and is ever of a pure and
beautiful green,. without the admixture of any other
colour. The oriental emerald is of the h ird'nefs of
the fapphire and ruby, and is fecond only to the dia-
mond in lurtreand btightnefs. Hill on Fnjils.
Do you not fee the grafs how in colour tliey excel.
the emerald ?■ Sidney.
The emerald is a bright grafs green : it is touod
in filTurcs of rocks, along with copper ores.

IP'oodavard on Fojftls^
Nor deeper verdure dies the robe of Spring,
When hi ft (he gives it to the fouthern gale.
Than thegrecn emerald ihovis. Ttiooijm'a Summer.
roEMh'RGli. -J. n. [emergo. Lat.]

1. To rife out of any thing in which' it ii.
covered.

y\\f] cmtrgfd ,Ao the upper part of the fpirit of
wine, as much of them as lay immerfed in the
fpirir. Eoyle.

The mountains entergedi and became dry fani
again, when ihe waters retired. ISurnefs 'Theory,

Thetis, not unmindful I I hei fon,.
Emerging from lhe deep, to beg her boon,
Furfu'd their track. Dryd. Horner^

2. To iflue ; to proceed.

If llie pnfia vat turocdabout its i%U that way,.

E ME

which mide the ray» tmtrge more oMlnuely out of
the fecond refnding furfatc of the prifniithe image
ioon iKcame an inch or two longer, or more.

Nfivim'i Ofticki.
5, To rife; to mount from a ftate.of de-
preffion orobfcurity; to rife into view.

Darknefs, we fee, emcrgei into light ;
And Ihiding funs defcend to fable night DrjJ. Fab.

When, from dewy Ihadc emerging bright,
Aurora llreaks the fky with orient light,
Let each deplore his dead. Pofe's OiyJJ'iy,

Then from ancient gloom emert'i
A rifing world. 'Ihimfon's Summer.

Eme'rgen<:e. J ,- rf.. _ 1

T t t n.J, \\tOTR emerge. \

I , The aft of rifing oat of any fluid by
which it is corered.

We have read of a tyrant, ^vho tried to prevent
the emergence of murdered bodies.

brmun's Vulgar Errours.

3. The aft of rifing or ftaiting into view.

The emergency of colours, upon coalition of the
particles of fuch bodies, as were neitljer of them
of the colour of that mixture whereof they are in-
gredients, is very well worth our attentive obferva-
tion. Boy/eon Colours,

The white colour of all refrafted light, at its
Wry firft emergence, where it appears as white as
before its incidence, is compouodcd of various co-
lours. Neviott's Ofticki.

3. Any fudden occafion; unexpefted ca-

fualty.

Moil of our rarities have been found out by ca-
fual emergency, and have been the works of time
and chance rather than of .philofophy.

Glanville*s Sce^s,

4. Preffing neceffityj exigence, A fenfe
not proper.

In any cafe of emergency, he would employ the
v^'hole wealth of his empire, which he had thus
amalTcd together, in his fubterraneous exchequer.

Addifon^s Freebclder.
Eme'rgent. <7d7. [ixom emerge. "l

1 . Rifing out of that which overwhelms or
obfcurcs it.

love made my emergent fortune once more look
Above the inain, which now Ihall hit the ftars.

Bill jfonfon.

Immediately the mountains huge appear
Emergent, and their broad bare backs unheave
Into the clouds. Milton.

2. Rifing into view, or notice, »t honour.

The man that is once hated, both his good and
his evil deeds opprefs him ; he is not eafily emer-
gent. Ben yon/on,

3. Proceeding or iffuing from any thing.

The ftoici held a fatality, and a fixed unalterable
courfe of events; but then they held alio, that they
fell out by a nccelTity emergent from and inherent
in the things themfclvcs, which God himfelf could
not alter. Sovib.

4. Sudden ; unexpeftedly cafual.

'AH the lords declared, that upon any emergent
occafion, they would mount their fervants upon their
horfes. Clarendon.

E'merods. 7 »./. [corrupted by ignorant
E'meroius. J pronunciation from hemor-
rhoids, iufjicffctin ] Painful fwellings of
the hemorrhoidal veins ; piles.

He dcllrojcd them and fmotc them with emerodi.

1 Sam.
Eme'rsion. «. /. [from emerge.] The
time when a ftar, naving been obfcured
by its tot) near approach to the fun, ap-
pears again.

The time was in the heliacal emerSon, when it
becomes at greatcll diftance from the hin.

Bn^n'j Vulgar Errours.
E'merv. »./. [fmyrii, Lat. e/meril, Fr.]

Emery is an iron ore, confidcnbly rich. It is
found in the idand of Cucrnfey, in Tufcany, an(i
guiiy parts of Gernuny. It hat a oeu reUuou to

E M I

the m<|net. The lapidaries cut the orJinarjr gemi
on their wheels by iprinkling the wetted powder
over tliem ; but it will not cut diamonds. It is
ufcful in cleaning andpolilhing Itcel.

kill's Mai. Med.

EME'TICAL.Ifl^-. [.>!«] Having the
EME'TICK. J quality of provoking vo-
mits.

Various are the temperaments and operations of

herbs ; fome purgative, fome emetlck and fome fu-

dorifick. HcJe.

Eme'tically. adv. [from emetical.] In

fuch a manner as to provoke to vomit.

It has been complained of, that preparations of
filvcr have produced violent vomits; whereas we
have not obferved duly refined filver to work emeti-
calty, even in women and girls. Boyle.

Emica'tion. «./. \emicatio, Lat.] Spark-
ling ; flying off in fmall particles, as
fprightly liquors.

Iron, in aqua fortis, wilt fall Into ebullition with
noife and emication, as alfo a crals and fumid exh:i-
lation. Brown.

Emi'ction. ». /. [from emiHum, Lat.]
Urine; what is voided by the urinary
paflTages.

Gravel and (lone grind away the flelh, and efFufe
the blood apparent in a fanguine emiBion.

Harj'ey on Confumptions.

To E'MIGRATE. v. a. [emigro, Lat. ] To
remove from one place to another,

Em I G R a't I o N . »./. [from emigrate.] Change
of habitation ; removal from one place to
another.

We find the originals of many kingdoms either by
viftorics, or by emigrations, orintclline commotions.

Hale.

E'minence.1 /■ r • ,• T„»l
r-, \ n.J. \emiiientia, Lat. I

Eminency. J ■' •- •*

1. Loftinefs; height.

2. Suinmit ; higheft part.

Mountains abound withdifierent vegetables, every
vertexor eminency affording new kinds.

Ray on the Creation.

3. A part rifing above the reft.

They muft be fmooth, almoft imperceptible to
the touch, and without either eminence ot cavities.

DryJeri*s Dufrefnoy.

4. A place where one is expofed to general
notice,

A fatyr or libel on one of the common (lamp,
never meets with that reception as what is aimed at
a perfon whofe merit places him upon an eminence,
and gives him a more confpicuous figure.

Addi fan's SpeSSator

5. Exaltation; confpicuoufnefs; ftate of
being expofed to view ; reputation ; ce-
lebrity ; fame ; preferment ; greatnefs.

You've too a woman's heart, which ever yet
ASt(}ttieminence, wealth, fovereignty.

Sh.jk4p. Henry WW.

Alterations are attributed to the powcrfulleft un-
der princes, where tlic eminency of one obfcureth
the reft. IVolton.

He deferv'd no fuch return
From me, whom he created what I was.
In that bright eminence; and with his good
Upbrsided none. Milton's Parjcfif, L^Jl.

Where men cannot arrive to any eminency ot
edate, yet religion makes a compenfation, by teach-
ing content. Till.it/on.

1'hefe two were men of eminency, of learning as
well as piety. Sllllingfeet.

6. Supreme degree.

Whatever pure thou in the body enjoy'fl.
And pure thou wert created, we enjoy
In eminence. Milton's Paradi/c hcJI.

7. Notice; diftinftion.

Let your remembrance dill apply to Banquo ;
Prefent him eminence both with eye and tongnc.

Sbatcff.

8. A title given to cardinals,

i

EMM

L'MINENT. adj. [emmeut, Lat,]

1. High ; lafty.

Thou h.irt built unto thee an eminent place. Exek.
Satan, in gedure proudly eminent,
Stood like a tow 'r. Milton.

2. Dignified ; exalted.

Rome for your fake Ihall pufh her conquefts on,
And bring new titles home from nations won.
To dignify fo eminent a fon. Dryden's Juv,

3. Confpicuous; remarkable.

She is eminent for a finccrc piety in the praflice
of religion. Addifon's Freeholder^

Eminent he mov'd
In Grecian arms, the wander of his foes. Clmer.
E'minently. adv. prom eminetil.]

1. Confpicuoufly; m a manner that at-
trafts obfervation.

Thy love, which elfe
So em;>f»//)i never had been known. Mi/tm,

Lady, that in the prime ofcarliell youth.
Wifely has (hun'd the broad way and the greei>«
And with thofe few ut eminently feen.

That labour up the hill of heavenly truth. Milt.

Such as thou hall folemnly ele^ed,
With gifts and^races eminently adorned.
To fome great work. Milton's Agonijle's.'

2. In a high degree.

All men are equal in their judgment of what ii
eminently bed. Dtyden.

That fimplicity, without which no human per.
formance can arrive to perfection, is no where more
eminently ufeful than in this. Sui/i.

E'missary. »./. [emi^ariut, Lzt.]

1. One fent out on private meflages ; a fpy ;
a fecret agent.

ClifTord, an emijfury and fpy of the king's, fled
over into Flanders with his privity. Bacon's Hen. Vll.

You (hall neither eat nor (leep.
No, nor forth your window peep,
With your emfj/lay eye.
To fetch in the furms go by. Ben "Jonfon's Vnderv.',

The Jefuits fend over emijfaries, with inttruilions
to perfonatc themfelves members of the feveral feds
amongft us. _ Sivift.

2. One that emits or fends out, A tech-
nical fenfe.

Wherever there inemiffaries, there are abforbent
veflcls in the (kin; and, by the abforbent vefTels,
mercury will pafs into the blood. Arbulhnoton Alim.

Emi'ssion. tt. f. [emiffio, Lat.] The aft
of fending out ; vent.

pickling caufcth laughter : the caufe may be the
emijjion of the fpirits, and fo of the breath by a flight
from titillation. Bacon.

Populofity naturally requireth tranfmigration and
emijjion of colonies. Brotim's Vulgar Errours.

Cover them with glalTesj but upon all warm and
benign emijions of the fun, and fweet (howcrs, give
them air. Evelyn,

AtTeflion, in the ftate of innocence, was happily

pitched upon its right objeft; it flamed up in di-

redl fervours of devotion to God, and in collateral

cmijjions of charity to its neighbour. South.

To EMIT. 'V. a. [emitio, Lat.]

I . To fend forth ; to let go ; to give vent to.

Thefe baths continually emit a manifed and very
fenfible heat ; nay, fome of them, at fome times,
fend forth an adlual and vifible flame.

Woodtvard' s Natural Hijlory,

The foil, being fruitfijl and rich, emits deams,
confidingofvolatile and aiSive parts. Arbutb. on Air.
1. To let fly ; to dart.

Pay facred rev'rencc to Apollo's fong,
I<ft, wrathful, the far-lhooting god emit
His fatal arrows. Prior,

3. To iflue out juridically.

That a citation be valid, it ought to be decreed
and emitted by the judge's authority, and at the iii-
llance ot the party. ^yl'Jf'-

Emme'nacogues. n.J. [k'/i(.jt*))»i«and«viw ]
Medicines that promote the courfes, ei-
ther by giving a greater force to the
blood in us circulation, or by making it.
thinner. ^htcy.

immeiugoguci

E M P

Emmnjg-.gKei ire fuch as produce a plethora, or
fulnefs of the vclfeis, confequently fuch as ttrcngthen
the organs of digeftion, fa as to make good blood.

Ariulbnol on Diet.

E'mmet. »./. [semertc, Saxon.J An ant;

a pifmire.

When cedars to the ground fall down by the

weight oiAnemttiet,

Or when a rich ruby's juft price be the worth of a

walnut. S/Jmy.

Tff Emme'w. 'V, a. [from mnv.JTomew
or coop up.

This outward fainted deputy,
Whole fctti'd vifage and delib'rate word,
Nips youth i' th' head, and follies doth emmeiv^
As faulcon doth the fowl, is yet a devil. Sbakffp,
TsEmmo've. -v. a. [emmo/evoir, Fr.] To
excite J toroufe; to put int« emotion.
Not ufed.

One day, when him high courage did emmovr.
He pricked forth. Fairy S^uein.

Emo LLIENT. a/^'. [emolliens, Lat.] Soften-
ing; fuppling.
Barley is emuUicnt, molllcning, and e)[pe(3orating.

AriuthHoi.

Diureticks are decoflions, emulfions, and oils of

m^///>ffr vegetables, fofar as they relax the urinary

paflages fuch as relax ought to be tried before fuch as

himulate. Arbuthmt.

Emo'llients. n. f. Such things as (heath
and foften the afperities of the humours,
and relax and fupple the folids at the
fame time. ^incy.

Emollienn ought to be taken in open air, to hinder
them imvn perfpiring, and on empty llomachs.

Arbuthnot^

Emolli'tiow. n. /, [emollith, Lat.] The
aft of foftening.

LaOitude it remedied by bathing, or anointing
with oil and warm water; the caufe is, for that all
latitude is a kind of contufion and compreflion of
the parts, and bathing and anaioting give a relaxa-
tion or emoUition, Bacon.
Powerful menlhruums are made for its emo/iiihn,
whereby it may receive the tinQure of minerals.

Brovin,
Emo'lumekt. ». /. \emolumentum, Lat.]
Profit ; advantage.

Let them confult how politick they were, for a
temporal emilumtnt to tlirow awayeternity. Snuth,
Nothing gives greater fatisfaSion than the fenfe of
having difpalched a great deml of buliuefsto publick
emoiument. TalUr.

Emo'.ncst. /«/. [fo viMtnhy Sfen/er.]
Among.

The merry binla of every fort,
Chaunted aloud their chearful harmony ;
And made irwj»;.^ thcmfelves a fweetconfort.
That quick'r.ed the dull fp'rit with mufical comfort.

Fair J 1^<tn.

Emo'tion. n.f. [emotion. French.] Difturb-
ance of mind; vehemence of paflion, or
pleafing or painful.

I will appeal t* any man, who has read this poet,
whether he finds not the natural emotion of the fame
paiTion in hifr.felf, which the poet dcfcribcs in his
feigned perfons. Dryden.

Thofe rocks and oaks that fuch emotion felt,
Were rural maids whom Orpheus taught to melt.

Granville.
To EMfA'tE. w. a. [empaler, French.]

1. To fence with a pale.

How happy'i he, which hath due place aflign'd
T' hi? beafh, and difaforeOed his mind ?
Emfal'<!h\mk\( to keep them out, not in ;
Call fow, and dares truft corn, where they have been.
_ . ., Difine.

2. To fortify.

All that dwell near enemies fwWf villages, to
iave themfelvcs from furprize. Raleigh's EJfayi.

The Englinie»i/ia/^</themfelves with the.r pikes,
and therewith bareofflheirenemies, llay-warj.

3. To indofc ; to (hut in,

E M P

Round about Ker work (he did empile,
With a ftir border wrought of fundry fiow'n. Spen/er,

Keep yourfelves in breath.
And when 1 have the bloody Hei3or found.
Empale him with your weapons round about. Sbak,

They have emfal'd within a lodiacic
The free-born fun, and keep twelve figns awake
To watch his fteps ; the Goat and Crab controul
.^nd fright him back. Donne.

Thank my charms,
I now empale her in my arms. Cleaveland.

Impenetrable, empal'd With circlingfire,
Yet unconfum'd. Milton's Par. Lofl.

4.. To put to death by fpitting on a ftake
fixed upright.

Who can bear this.refolve to be empal'd f
His (kin flead off", and roafted yet alive ? Southerne,

Let them each be broken on the rack ;
Then, with what life remains, empal'd and left
To writhe at leifure round the bloody ftake. Addifon.

Nay, I don't believe they will be contented wfth
hanging ; they talk oi empaling, or breaking on the
w^eel. Arbulhnot.

EMPA'NNEL. n.f. [from panne. French.]
The writing or entering the names of a
jury into a parchment fchcdule, or roll
of paper, by the (herifF, which he ha«
fummoned to appear for the performance
of fuch publick fervice as juries are em-
ployed in. Ct~Mel.
Who can expefl upright verdifb from fuch packed,
corrupt juries ? Why may we not be allowed to make
exceptions agaiuft this fo incompetent rmr/i.in^ir?/'

Decay of Piety.

ToEmpa'nnel. 'V. a. [from the noun.]
To furamon to fervc on a jury. A law
term.

1 (hall not need to empannel a jury of moralilh or
divines, every man's own brealt fufficiently inftruft-
ing him. Government oj the Toneue.

Empa'rlance.)?./ [from/«r/?r, French.]
It fignifieth, in common law, a defire or
petition in court of a day to paufe what
IS beft to do ; and it is fometimes ufed
for the conference of a jury in the caufe
committed to them,
Empa'sm, tt. /. [tfbxa.rrit] A powder to

correft the bad fcent of the body.
7» Empa'ssion. t>. a. [from pnJJion.'\ To
move with paflion ; to affeft ftrongly ; to
throw off from equanimity.

Unto my eyes ftrangc (hows prefented were,
Pifturing that which I in mind embrac'd,
That yet thofe fights empajficn me full near. Spenfcr.

So, ftanding, moving, or to height upgrown.
The tempter all empajfton'd thus began. Milton.
7i Empe'ople. f. a. [from ^i-a/A".] To
form into a people or community.

He wondcr'd much, and 'gan enquire
What (lately building durllfo high extend
Her lofty towers unto the ftarry fphere,
And what unknown nation thcie empeoptedv-tte.}

Spenfer,

E'mperess, n.f. [ftomemperour, now writ-
ten emprejs.'\

1. A woman invefted with imperial power.

Long, long, jnay you on earth our emferep reign.
Ere you in heaven a glorious angel ftand. Da-vies.

2. The queen of aft emjierour.

Laviniawill I m:tkc my cmpcrefs.
Rome's royal millrefj, miftrefs of my heart. Sbak.
E'MPEROUR. n. /. \empereur, French;
imperator, Lat. A monarch of title and
dignity fuperiour to a king : as, the em-
perour of Germany.

Charles the emperottr.
Under pretence to fee the queen his aunt.
Makes vifitation. Shaktfp. HenryWU.

E'mpeRY.»./. \empire, Frencn ; imperiiim,
Latin.] Empire ; fovereignty j domi-
nion, A word out of ufe.

Shahff.

E M P

A lady
So fair, and faften'd to an empery.
Would make the great'ft king dquble.

Take on you the charge
And kingly government of this your land ;
Not at prote&or, fteward, fubft itute.
But as fucce(rively from blood'to blood,
Your right of birth, som empery, your own. Shakefp.

E'MPHASIS. n. /. [i^^-af*,,] A remark-
able ftrefs laid upon a word or fentence ;
particular force impreffed by ftile or pro-
nunciation.

Oh, that brave Caefar!
— Be choak'd with fuch inolhtr emphajls. Shakefp.
Emf hafts not fo much regards tlie time as a cer-
tain grandeur, whereby feme letter, f) liable, word,
or fentence is rendered more remakable than the reft,
by a more vigorous pronunciation, and a longer ftay
upon it. Holder^

Thefe queftions have force and emphafls, if they be
underftoodof the antediluvian earth. Burnet's Tb-,

mpha'tical. "1 ,. p, ^ ,
mpha'tick. ]'"'J- t''"^""

']

Forcible; ftrong; ftriking.

Where he endeavoui-s todiifuaJc from carnivorou*

appetites, how emphaiical is his rcalbning ! Garth,

In proper iniemphatick terms thou didft paint the

blazing comet's fiery tail. Arbuthnot's John Biil(.

Striking the fight.

It is commonly granted, that emphaiical colours

are light itfelf modified by refradions. Boyle on Col.

I Empha'tically. otZ-v. [from emfhatical.\

1. Strongly ; forcibly; in a ftriking manner.

How emphatically and divinely does every word
proclaim the truth that I have been fpeaking of. SoutH,

2. According to appearance..
What is delivered of the incurvity of dolphins,

muft be taken emphatically, not really, but in ap-
pearance, when they leap above water, and I'ud-
denly (hoot down again. Brown,-

Emphvse'ma. ».y. [i/ii^i«-«;t<,«.]

Emphyfema is a light puffy humour, eafily yield-
ing to the prelTure of the finger, ariling again in the
inftant you take it off". IVfeman.

Emphvse'matous. adj. [fromi;Wiiti'r)(/*».]_
Bloated ; puffed up ; fvvollen.

The figns of a gangrene are thefe : the inflam-
mation lofcs its rednel's, and becomes du(ki(h and
livid J the tenfencfs of the fliin goes 08", and feels to
the touch flabby or emphyfimatous ; and veficatiout,
filled with ichor of ditierent clours, fpread all over it.
Sharp's Surgery,.
To Empie'rCE. -v. a. [from pierce.'] To
pierce into; to enter intoby violent ap-
pulle.

The weapon bright.
Taking advantage oi his open jaw,.

Ran through his mou;'i with fo importune nilgh^^

That deep (•»;/>;'<'rf '(/his daikfome hollow ma w.Sflw/;

EmPi'ght. preterite and par/, from Topight^

o^ pitch. [See Pitch.] Set;, fixed; fallcn-

ed.

But he was war)-, and ere 'it empigbt
In the mcaBtniark,advanc'd his Ihield atwetn.^//^
E'MPIRE. n.f. {empire, P^rench; imperium

Latin.]
I, Imperial power ; fupreme dominion ; fo-
vereign command.

Alfert, ye fair ones, wlioia judgment fit,
Your ancient cw^/rr over li>ve and wit. RoMe

z. 1 he region over which dominion is ex*
tended.

A nation extended over valt trafls of land, nnd
numbers of people, arri\es in time at the ancient
name of kingdom, or modern ot empire. Temple,

Scxuis I'ompeius,
Hath given the dare to Cicfjr, and commands
The empire o< the fea. Shakcf. Ai:i. and Cletp. .

3. Comm:ind over any thing.
EMPKIC. ». f, [i^Tiifix:<^. This word
fccms to have been pronounced cmpinck

by

E M P

hy Milton, and emfirid by DryJen. Mil-
ton's pronunciation is to be preferred.]
A trier ; an experimenter ; fuch perfons
•s have no true education in, or know-
ledge of phvfical praclicc,.but venture
upon hearfa_v and obferration only. ^tnty.

'ITie name of Hvppocrjtcs was more cflicftuil m
«erft:aie fuch men as Cal«n, (kan to move a filly
tMirfri. Hothr.

TJiJt e«ry plaafroight receive a nam.-, accoid-
inj! unto llie Jil'cafes it coreih, was the wilh of Para-
ceirus; a way more likely to multiply empirick,
than hcrbalirts. Brown.

Such an averfion and contempt for all manner ol
innovators, as phyficians .ire apt to hare for rmfi-
4-;V*J,orla«yers forpetiifo^gers. Svi/l.

Th' illit'rate writer, emp'rici-\iVc apptiea
To each difcafe unfatie chance remedies ;
The leam'd in fchool, whence fcience fiift began,
Studies with care th' anatomy of man. Dryjfji.

Em^'rical.} ^v,-. [from the noun.]

Empirics. S

I. Verfed in experiments.

By fire
Of footy coal, the emfirlrt alchymift
Can turn, or holds it polTible to turn,
Metals of drofliert ore to perfeft gold . Millitt.

a. Known only by experience; praftifcd
only by rote, without rational grounds.

The moft fovereign prcfcription in Galen is but
cmtirick to this prefervative, Sbakefpcare,

In extremes, bold counfels are the bcft ;
Like rmfirick remedies, they laft are try J,
And by th ' event condemn'd or jullify 'd. Dndtn.
Emi'i'rically. ad<v. \{x<3a\ empirical .]

1. Experimentally ; according to experience.

We (hall anpiiically and fenfibly deduft the
caufes ot blackncfs from originals, by which ne ge-
nerally obferve things denigrated. BraVL'n'sFul. Err.

2. Without rational ground ; charlatanical-
ly ; in the manner of quacks.

Empi'ricism. tt.f. [imm empirick.'] De-
pendence on experience without know-
ledge or art ; quackery.

EMPLASTER. »./. [V*-^"*?*- This word
is now always pronounced, and generally
written plafter.] An application to a
fore of an oleaginous or vifcous fubftance,
fpread upon cloth. SeePLASTtR.

All emphjiers, applied to the breafts, ought to
have a hole tor the nipples. Wijcman's Hurgcry.

fo Emtla'ster. t. a. [from the noun.]
To cover with a plafter.

They mull be cut out to the tjuick, and the fores
OHplafifrtd with tar. Marumtr'! Hu/bandry.

Empla'stick. adj. [»/iB-A«4t»®-.] Vif-
cous ; glutinous ; fit to be applied as a
plaller,

Refin, by its tmphJiUi quality, miied with oil

«f rofes, perfefls the concoftiun. Wijiman's .^iirg.

Empltijlicl applications are not fufficient to defend

a wound Irom the air. A't:iihxct c/t Air.

To Emple'ad.i;. <7. [from pie tiii. To in-

dift ; to prefer a charge againft ; to accufe.

To terrify and torture them, their tyrannoui

naners did often empUad, arrcft, caft them into

prifon, and thereby coufume them to worfe than

nothing. Ilayrward.

Antiquity thought thunder the immediate voice of

Jupiter, and cmplradrd ihtxn of impiety that referred

jt to natural caluallies. Glam>J/t'i Scepfii.

Since none the living villjiiis ii\itmphad.
Arraign them in the pcrfoii's of the dead. Dryden.
T» EMPLO'Y. v. a. [emploier, French.]
|, To bufy; to keep at work; to excrcife.
It is ufcd both as agent ; as, ite king em-
ployed the minifier ; or caufe, as, the publick
tredit employed Jhe mwijler.

For thrice, at leaft, in conipafs of the year,
Thy vineyard mull cmplcy the llurdy llccr
To turn tlie glebe. i>rydcn's yiriit.

E M P

2. In the following qnotattons it is ufed
with in, abtrt, to, and upon, before the
objefl. To feems lefs proper.

Theit principal leainiog was applied to the courfe
of the ftais, and the reft was cmpUytd in difplaying
the brave exploits of their princes. temflc.

Ojr rvafon is ofteu puzzled, i>ccau& of the imper-
fc£iian of the ideas it is tmploytd akiul. Locke.

The proper bufinefs of the unJerilanding is not
that which men always employ it f. Loeke.

Labour in the beginning gave a right of property,
wherecver any one was pleafed to cphy it upon
what was common. Ltcke.

On the happy change, the boy
Employ'd his wonder and his joy. Pri'oi.

This is a day in which the thoughts of oor coun-
trymen ought t» be employed on fcrious fubje^.

Add if on' a t'reeboldcr.

3. To ufe as an inftrument.

The cleanly cheefe-prefs (he could never turn j
Heraukvuard (ill did ne'er fW/'/y the chum. Gay.

4. To ufe as means.

The money was empioyedf the making of gallies.

z Mac.
Peace is not freed from labour, but from noife ;
And war more force, but not more pains employ!.

Dryden.

^. To ufe as materials.

The hbour of thofe who felled and framed the
timber employed about the plough, mud be charged
on labour. Locke,

6. To commiflion ; to intruft with the ma-
nagement of any aSairs.

Jonathan and Jahaiiah were employed aiout this
matter. £xra,x. 15.

JefusChrift isfumirtied with fuperior powers to
the angels, becaufe he is employed in fuperiour
works, and appointed to be the fovereign Lord of
all the vilible and invifible worlds. W^alls.

7. To fill up with bufinefs.

If you're idle you're detlroy'd ;
All his force on you he tries.

Be but watchful and employ'd.
Soon the bafHed tempter flies. Molieux's Don. Quix.

To lludy nature will thy time employ ;
Knowledge and innocence are perfedl joy, Dryden,
%. To pafs or fpend in bufinefs.

Why, whillt we ftruggle in this vale beneath.
With want andforrow, with diieafe and death.
Do they more blefs'd perpetual life employ
In fongs of plcafure, and in fcencs of joy ? Prior.

Emplo'y. n.f. [from the verb.]

1. Bufinefs; objeftof induflry.

Prcfent tografp, and future (lill to find.
The whole employ of body and of mind. Tope.

2, Publick office.

Lell animofities (hould obftrufl the courfe of
jullice, if one of their own number had Ae diHribu-
tion of it, they hive always a foreigner for this
employ. Addl/on on Italy.

The honours and the burdens of great pods and
employs were joined together. Atterbury.

E.mpi.o'ya BLE. ndj, [from employ.] Ca-
pable to be ufed ; proper for ufe.

The objeilions m^de agalnd the doflrine of the
chymids, feem empUyable againd this hypotlielis.

Hoyle.

Emplo'y ER. «./. [from empUy ] Onetliat
ufes or caufes to be ufcd.

That man drives a great trade, and is owner or
employer of much (hipping, and continues and in-
creales in trade and rtiipping. Child on IraJe.

Emp uo' y m e k t. «. /. [from employ. ]

1. Bufinefs; objeft of^indullry; objeft of
labour.

2. Bufinefs ; the ftate of being employed.

3. Office ; poll of bufinefs.

If anv tidtion, any employment upon earth be ho-
nourahle, theirs was. Atterbury.

Leaders on each fide, inde.id of intending the
publick weal have their hearts wlioUy fet to gel or
to keep '.tployme/its. ^zvij't,

4. Bufinefs intruilcd.

EMP

Call not your ftocks for me ( I fetve the King.
On whofe employment I was fent to you. Sh. K. Lear,
To Empo'ison. v. a, \empoijonner, French.]

1. To deftroy by poifon;,to deftroy by
venomous food or drugs ; to poifon."

Leaving no means unaitemplcd of dedroying hil
fon, that wicked fervant of his undertook to f»i-
polfon^\m. Sidney,

Malhrooms caufe the incubus, or mare in the
ftomach, therefore the furfeit of them may fuffi)catc
and empoijtn. Baton,

2. To taint with poifon ; to envenom.
This is the more ufual fenfe.

Empo'isoner. «./. [enrpoi/onnear, French.]
One who deftroys another by poifon.

He is vehemently fufpe^ed to have been the em-
poijoner of his wife, thereby to make vacant hit
bed. Bacon's Henry Vll.

Empoi'sonmenT. ». /. [empoifonnrment,

French.] The pradicc of deftroy ing by
poifon.
1 1 were dangerous for fccret empoifonments, Bceeon.

Empore'tick. adj. \\ujito^itxau»,] That
which is ufed at mariccts, or in mer-
chandize.

Empo'rium. » /. [«'/*!ro{ior.] A place of
merchandife ; a mart; a town of trade; a
commercial city.

And while this fam'd empor'item we prepare,
The Britilh ocean (hall fuch triumphs boall.

That thofe who now dilUain our trade to (hare,
Shall rob like pirates on our wealthy coad. Dryden.

1 take the profperous edate of this great emporimn
to be owing to thofe indances of charity. Atterbury.

TiEMPO'VERISH. 'v.a. [^^atxr, French.]

1 . To make poor ; to depauperate ; to re-
duce to indigence.

Since they might talk better as they lay together,
they /»i/>ow//6frf their doaths to enrich their bed,
which, fijr that night, might well fcorn the dirina
of Venus. Hidney.

Your's founds aloud, and tells us you excel
No lefs in courage than in linging well;
While, unconcem'd, you let your country know.
They have empoverljh'd themfclves, not you. H'aller.

For fenfe of honour, if \x.empn'erijbetb a man, it
is, in his edecm, neither honour nor feni'c. South.

I'relh rofes bring,
To drew my bed, "till the fm/iov<'rc^.''i/ Spring
Confefs her want. Prior.

2. To leflTen fertility; as tillage impeyverijhei
land.

Empo'verisher. n. f. [ixam eaptverijh .]

1 . One that makes others poor.

2. 1 hat which impairs fertility.

They dedroy the weeds, and fit the land for af:er-
crops, being an improver, and not an empcn.erijher of
land. Mortimer,

EmpoVeiiishment.»./. [from^OT/ox'«-rj2'.] ,
Depauperation ; caufe of poverty ; drain
ofwealih. ''

Being paid as It is, now foroc, and then fome, it
is no great burden unto her, nor any gre.u .•iw/w i"-
rijhment to her colRrs. Spenfer's -V/.i/.- of Irelmxl.

All appeals for jufiicc, or appellations for favour or
preferment to another country, are fo many grievous
impo^ierifhments. Siolfl's fietv if Ireland.

To Empo'wer. 'V, a, [froin/«-iwr.]

1. To authorife; to commiflion; to give
power or authority to any purjwfe.

You are empowered, when yi>u pleafe, to give il»e
final dccifion ol wit. Drydtn's Juv. DiJicati^^n.

The government (hall be impouered to giant
commiflions to all I'roiedants wliaifocvrr. S-wift.

2. To give natural force ; to enable.

Does not the fame power that enables them to

heal, empotver them to dedroy ? Baker on Learning.

E'mprsss. «. /. [contraded from emfeiejs,

which is retained by Johnfcu in the lol-

' lowing lines ]

1 . 'ITie queen of an emperour.

Let

E M P

Irft your nimble feet
Tread fubtilc circles, that may always mset
In point to him; and figures to cxprefs
• Thegraccofhim, andhlsgrcatrw/><-fr/j. Be»yanfon.

2. A female inveft«d rtfith imperial dignity ;
a female fovereign.

£»i^rf/iofthisfairvirorid, refplendent Eve ! Milton,
Yet, London, emfrefs of the northern clime.
By an high fate thou greatly didft expire. Dryden.
Wifdom, thou fay'lt, from heav'n receiv'd her
birth;
Her beams tranfmitted (o the fubjefl earth :
Yet this great emfrefs of the human foul,
Does only with imagin'd power controul.
If reftlefi piflion, by rebellious fway.
Compels the weak ufurper to obey. Prhr.

Empri'se. ?t./. [empifi, French.] Attempt
of danger J undertaking of hazard; cuter-
prife.

Noble minds of yore, allied were
In brave purl'uit of chivalrous em f rife. Fairy 0ifeerr.

A double conijuell mull you make.
If you atchieve renown by this emprife. Fuiifjx.

Fierce faces threit'ning wars ;
Ciaats of mighty bone, and bold emprife. Milion,

Thus, 'till the fun had travell'd halt the (kies,
Ambufli'd we lie, and wait the bold emprlfc. Pipe.
K'mptier. n.f. [from empj.'\ One that
empties J one that makes any place void
by taking away what it contained.

The emptier! have emptied tliem out, and mar-
ried their vine-branches. Nabum^ ii, a,

I'mptineis. n.f. [from fOT/s/j.]
Abfence of plenitude; inanity.

Where cities flood.
Well fcoc'd, and numerous, deii^Ucion reigns
And emptimf, ; difmay'd, unfed, ui4>ors'd,
The widow and the orphan llroil. Philips.

g. The ftate of being empty.

His cotfers found '

With hollow poverty and cmptinefs. Sbairfpeare.
J. A voidfpace; vacuity; 'vacuttm.
Nor could another in your room have been.
Except an emptinefs had come between. Dry Jen,
The ordinary air in which we live and refpire,
is of fo thin a compofitlon, that fixteen Uioufand
•nc hundred and fortj'-nine parts of its dimenfions
are mere empiinefi and nothing; and the remaining
one only, material ani real fubftance. Benllej.

4. Want of fubftance or folidity.

'Tis this which cauli» the graces and the loves
to uke up their habitation^ in the hardeft marble
and to fubfid in the cmptineft of light and (hadow.

Dryiert's I >ufrrfn'>y, Pref.

^. Unfatisfaftorinefs ; inability to hll up
' the defircs.

O frail eft.ite of h'jm.in thin;!.
Now to your cotl your emptinefs we know. Drydni.
Form the judgement about the worth or emptinefs
of things here, according as they are or are not of
ufe, in relation to what is to come after. Atleriiery.
6. Vacuity of head ; want of knowledge.
Etcrn.il fmiles his emptlntft betray.
As (hallow ilreams tun dimphng all the way. Pope.
E'mption. n.f. [empth, Latin.] The
aft of purchafing ; a piuchafc.

There is a liifpulc among the lawyers, whether'
Claucus his exchanging his golden armour with the
braien one of Tydidcs, was emj>tiw: or commutation.
T- ,. .T,^..^ . . Ariiuthnal on Coins.

E'MPTY. adj. [imrijj, .Saxon.J

1. Void; having nothing in it; not full.

I did never know fo fuU a voice ilTuc from fo
rmpty a heart ; but the faying is true, the empty
TclTi I makes the greatell found. Hhakrjpear,.

The pit vintmptj, thercwas no water n. ii. C,n.

Ii you have two vetfcU to ii!l, and jou empty one
to hll the other, you gain nothing by ilui ; ihcrc
ftill remains one velfel empty. Burnet.

2. Evacuated ; no longer full.

Himltlf he frees by fecict me ins unfeen.
His ll,a..kksfm;,/V left, himfelf efcapcJclcaa. Spenf.

3. Devoid; unfurnilhcd.
Vol.. I.

E M P

Art thou thus boldened, man, by thy diftrcfs.
That in civility thou feem'll fo empty f Shakefp,

Mr. Boyle has Ihcwcd, that air mav be rarihed
above ten thoufand times in veffcls of glafs; and the
heavens are much empiitr of ai : than any vacuum we
can make below. Netuton,

4. Unfatisfaftory; unable to fill the mind
or defires.

Pleas'd in the filent (hade with empty praife. Pope.

5. M'ithout any thing to carry; unbur-
theiied ; unfreighted.

They beat liim, and fcnt him away empty. Matt.

When ye go, ye IhiU not go empty. Exodus.

lie allcJges that fat^rs carried platters full of fruit
in their hands; but il they had been empty handed,
had they been ever (he larger fatyis ? Diydcn.

Yet all the liulc tlut I got, I fpent ;
And Hill return'd as empty as I Went, Dryden.

6. Hungrj-,
My falcon now is (harp and palTmg empty.

And till flic lloop, (he muft not be fuU-gorgd,

For then flic never looks upon her lure. Sh.tiifp.

7. Vacant of head; ignorant; unfkilful;
unfurnilhed with materials for thought.

Hovs' comes it that fo many worthy and wife men
depend upon fo many unworthy and empty headed

f«>';.! . " 'Raleigh.

His amwtr u a handfome way of expoling an

<w/>{y, trifling, pretending pedant; tlie wit lively,

the latyr courtly and fevcre. Feltan.

8. Unfruitful; barren.

.Seven empty ears blalled with the eaft wind. Gen.
Ilrael is an impii vine. Hofea.

9. Wanting fubltancc ; wanting folidity;
vain.

The god of fleep there hides liis heavy head.
And empty dreams on every leaf arc fpread. Dryden.

To E'mptv. <i-. a. [from the adjeaive.]
To evacuate ; to ex'liauft ; to deprive of
that which was contained in it.

Boundlel's intemperance.
In nature is a tyranny : it hath been
Th' untimely uaptjiug ot the hippy throne.
And fall of many kings. Sbakefpeare's Machetb.
The empliers have emptied them out, and married
tlieir vine-branclics. N.>kum, ii. 2.

Sheep are often blind by fulncfs of blood: cut
their tails, and emptj them of their blood. Mortimer.
The Euxine fca is conveniently fituated for tiade,
bjr ihe communication it has both with Ada and
Europe, and the great navigable riven that emptv
Ihemlelvcs into it. Arbntbnot.

■To Empu'rple. -.-. /7. [from ///r/^.] To,
make of a purple colour; to difcolour
with purple.

Now in loofe garlands, thick thrown olT, the bright'
Pavement, that like a fea of jafper (hone,

EmpiiipM with celcrtial rofcJ fmil'd. Miltm.
The deep,
Empnrpl'd ran, with gufliing gore dillain'd. Philips.
ToEmpu'zzi.e. 'V. a, [from /mazle.] To'
perplex ; to put to a ttand. ;

It hathfof/ij/it^^the enquiries of others to ap-
prehend, and entorccd tlieni unto llrangc conceptions
to make out. Jir'.un.

Empye'ma. 71./. [iyjieunii.tt.'] A colleftion
of purulent matter in anr part wliatfo-
ever; |cnera!ly ufeJ to 'iiguify that in
the cavity of the brc.ifl only, and which
fomctimes happens upon the opening of
abfceifcs, or ulcerations of the lungs, or'
membranes incloiing the breafl. ^iincj.\

T* •*! at!...- '

An empyema, or a coTleftion of purulent matter
In the bieall, if noi fuddenly cured, doth undoubtedly j
impel the patient injo a phtl'ulical conluiaiUmn. liar. <

The I e is likcwife a confumption from jlO empyema,:
after an inflammation of ihe luogs; which may be
known trom a weight upon the diaphragm, Ojiprcnion
ol the luhj'i, a difiituliy olbreatliing, and inability
to lie on one tide, which ii that which is found.

^ ' /Iriurbnal.

Empy'iikal. at//. ['i/tffvf^.J Formed of
the clcineut of fire ; refined beyond aerial;

EMU

I pertaining to the higheft and pareft region

I of heaven. \Tickell accents it on the

penult.] _ "

Now went forth the morn.
Such as in higheft heav'n, array'd in gold
Empyreal. Milton's Pjr.tdife Lojf^

Co, foar with Plato to th' rra/i^'rea/fjihcre,
■To the lirft good, firil pcrfeil, and hrft fair. Pope,

But fw^rca/ forms, howe'cr i'. fight
Galh'danddifmember'deafily unite. Tielell,

Empyre'an. n.f. [fWujo5.] The higheft
heaven where the pure element of fire is
fuppofed to fubfift.

Almighty Father from .ibove.
From the pure empyrean, where he (Its
High tliion'd above all height, bent down his eye,

Milton,
Under his burning wheel
The fledfuft empyrean (hook tliroujhout.
All but the throne itfelf of God, Milton's Par. Lofl.

The empyrean rung

With hallelujahs. Milton's Paradife Loft.

E'MPYRElr^f. l n.f. [lfjt.7!voiuiJt,c,,] The

EMPVRf>'oMA. i burning to of any matter

in boiling or diltillation, which gives a

particular ofFenfive fmcU. ^/iucj.

It is fo far from admitting an empyret/m, that it
burns clear away without leaving any cinders, or a
dull about it. liamy.

The hopes of an elixir infcnlibly evaporate, and
vanilh to air, or leave in the recipient a fonl etn~
pyrruma. Decay of Pitfj.

Emp yreuma'tical. atl\. [from emfy-
rtunin,^^ Having the fmell or tafte of
burnt fubftances.

F.mpyreumatiejl oilsi dillilled by llrong fires ih
retorts, may be brought to emulate elTential oils
drawn in limbicks. Boyle.

Empyro'sis. n.f. [<j*»'vfo4).] Conflagra-
tion ; general fire. '

The (urmer opinion that held thcfe cataclifms
and empyrofei univerfal, was fuch as held that it
put a total confummation unto things in this lower
world, cfpecially that of conflagration. Hale,

To E'MULATE. t: a. leemulor, Latin.]

1. To rival; to propofe as one to l>e
equalled or excelled,

2. 'i'o imitate with hope of equality, or
fuj>eriour excellence.

I would ll.avc
Ilim emulate you ! 'til no fliame to follow
Tlw better precedent. Hen jKihnfon't CatHint,

Thofc fair ide^s to my aid I'll call.
And r«i«/ii« my great original, Dryden.

What though no weeping loves thy allies grace.
Nor polilh'd marble emulate thy face, I'ope. ■

3. To be equ.-il to ; to rife to equality with.

I fee how thy eyt would eoiK/arethediamond. Sbak,

We fee no new-built palaces afpirc.

No kitchens emulate the vertal liic. Pope,

4. To imitate; to copy ; to refomble.

Jt it likcwif* attended with a delirium, fury, and
«n involuntary laughter, the convuKion emiil.iUng
, this motion. Ar'ipthnot,

Emula'tion. n.f, [itmulalh, Latin.] '•
I. Rivalry; dcfire of fupericrity.

Mine emulation
Halh not that honour in't it h.'ul ; for where
1 thought to crulh bim 111 an e<jual force.
True f»«pJ to fword, I 'U pitch at him Come way,
Ur wratli or cialt may get him. Sfialiefpe.irf.

There was licilher envy nor emulalion aniongft
them. r. M.ic.

Arillotle allows that fomc emulation may be good,
and may be found iu fame good men; jet envy lie
utterly condemns, as wicked in itfell, and only ta
be found in vsicked minds. Spratt.

The apodlc exhorts the Corinthians to an holy
and_ general emulatim of the charily of the Mace-
donians, in conuibuting freely to tlie relief ol ihe
poor faints at Jcrufolcra. South,

A noble emulatian heats yoiu: brcaft.
And y jur awu Uuie new toix you of your reft :
4 ^ Coo4'

E N F

^J

E N G

Cood iflionj (till muft be maintainM with gDoit
As bodies nourifti'd with refcmSling food. DryJe:

2. Envy ; defire of depreffing anotner

conteft ; contention ; difcord.
What madnefs rules in brainlick men.

When for fo Highc and frivolous a caufe,

Such faiftious tmulathnt (bM arifc ! Stair/fitare.
E'mulative. <7<^'. [from emulatf.] Inclined

to emulation ; rivalling ; difpofed to

competition.
Emula'tor. »./. [{rota emu/a/e.] A rival;

a competitor.

In fiiperiour* it quencheth jealoufy, and hyeih
their competitors and ««H/a»wj adeep. _ Bacon.

^o Emi/'le. "v. a. [e/nu/or, Latin.] To
emulate. Not in ufe.

He titling me bcfide, in that fame (hade,
Provolt'd me to play fome picafant tit j
Yet cmu/i/tg my pipe, he look in hand
My pipe, before that tmuUd of many.
And plaid thereon ; for well that IkiU be c«uM.

' Sftnfer.

7iEMu'i.GE, V. a. [tirmlgea, Latia.J To

milk out.
Emu'lgent. adj. \emulge«s, Latin.]

1. Milking or draining out.

2. Emulgent veflels [in anatomy] are the
two large arteries and veins which arife,
the former from the dcfcending trunk of
the. aorta, or great artery ; the latter from
the vena cava. They are both inferted
into the kidneys ; the emulgent arteries
carrying blood with the fcrum to them,
and the emulgent veins bringing it back
again, after the ferum has been feparated
therefrom by the kidneys. Harris.

It doth furiuih th« left emulgent with one vien.

Broivn.
Through the «m«^««branchesthe blood is brought
to the kidneys, and is therefreed of its fetum. Chejne.
E'm ULCUS, adj. [amulgjii, Latin.
J. Rivalling; engaged in competition.

What the Gaul or Moor could not etFeiS,
Nor emulous Carthage, with their length of fjite.
Shall be the work of one. Ben JonfrM's Catiline.

She is in perpetual diffidence, or adual enmity
with her, but always emulous and fufpcftful of her.
Hoviel'sFocal Foreji.

2. Defirous of fuperlority ; defirous to rife
above another; defirous of any excel-
lence poifcffed by another; with o/" before
the objeft of emulation.

By ftrength
They meafure all, </ other excellence
Not emulous, nor care who them excells. Milton.

By fair rewards our noble youth we raife
To emulous merit, and to thirft of praife. Prior.

Good Howard, emulous of the Grecian art. Prior.

3. Faftious; contentious.

Whofe glorious deeds, but in the fields of late.
Made emulous millions 'mon^ft the gods themfelves.
And dravc great Mars to fartion. Siaie/feare.

E'mulously. adv. [fiom emulous.] With
defire of excelling or outgoing another.

So tempt they him, and emuTouJIy vie
To bribe a voice, that empires would not buy. Granv.

Emo'lsion. »./. [emiJjio, Litin.] A form
of medicine, by bruifing oily feeds and
kernels, and drawing out their fubftanccs
with fome liquor, that thereby becomes
milky. ^lincy.

The aliment isdilTolved by an operation rcfein-
bling that of making an etmiljUn ; in which opera-
tion the oily parts of nut, and feeds, being gently
pound in a marble nortar, and gradually mixed
with fome watery liquor, or dUIblved into a fweet,
thick, turbid, milky liquor, refcmbling the chyle in
an aninul body. Arbutbnot

Xmu'nctories. »./. \emun6lorium, Latin.]
Thofe parU of the body where any thing

excrementitious is feparated and colle(J\ed,
to be in readinefs for ejeclment. ^incy.

Superfluous matter deflows from the body under
their proper emunEiories. Bro-wn's Vulgar Errors.

There are receptacles in the body ot man, and
tmuttSlories to drain them of fuperfluous choler. ^hre.

Difcourfing of the lungs, I (hew that thejr arc the
grand emunderji of the body ; that the main end of
refpiration is continually to difcharge and expel an
excrementitious fluid out of the mafs of blood.

JVoodviard's Natural Hifiory.

The regimen in quinfies, which proceed from an
obftruaioii of the glands, muft be to ufe fuch warm
liquors as relax thofc glands, fuch as, by ftimoUing,
open the emunHmts to fecern the humour. Arhuth.

En. An infeparable particle borrowed by us
from the French, and by the French form-
ed from the Latin in. Many words are
uncertainly written with ?« or/'«. In many
words en is changed into em for more
eafy pronunciation.

To Ena'ble. -v. a. [from abh.\ To make
able; to empower; to fupply with ftrength

or ability.

If thou would'll vouchfafe to overfpre.id
Me with the (hadow of thy gentle wing,
I (hould enabled be thy ails to ling. ^P'"I"'-

His gre.it fricndlhip with God might enable him,
and his compafllon might incline him. Atierbury.

He points out to him the way of life, ftrengthens
his weaknefs, reftores his lapfes, and enables him to
walk and perfevete in it. Rogers.

To Ena'ct. 'u. a. [from alf.\

1. To aft; to perform; to e&ft. Not
now in ufe.

In true balancing of.juftice, it u flat wroiig to
punilh the thought or purpofc of iitiy bcfoie it be
enaBrd. Sfen/er.

Valiant Talbot, above human thought,
Enaeied wondets with his fword and lance. Sbakeff.

2. To eftablifh by law ; to decree.

It is enaStd in the laws of Venice,
If it be proved againll an alien.
He fecks the life of any citizen.
The party, 'gainft which he doth contrive,
Shdil feize on half his goods. Shakeffeare.

The fenate were authors of all counfels in the
(late i and what was by them confulted and agreed,
was pro))ofed to the people, by whom it viaenaBtd
or commanded. Temflc.

3. To reprefent by aftion.

I did enaa Hiftor. Shaiefpeare .

EsJi'cT. fr./. [from the verb.] Purpofe ;

determination.
Ena'ctor. »./. [from ettaO."]

1. One that forms decrees, or ellabliHies
laws.

The great author of our nature, and enalior ol
this law of good and evil, is highly dilhonourcd.

Atlrrbury.

2. One who pradlifes or performs any thing.

Not ufed.

The violence of either grief or joy.
Their own enaSiors with themfelves deftroy. Shakcff.

Ena'llage. «./. [iwAA«y«.] A figure )n
grammar, whereby fome change is made
of the common modes of fpeech, as when
one mood or tenfc of a verb is put for

another. , n 1 -r

To En'ambush. -v. a. [from amhiijh.] To
hide in ambulh ; to hide with hoftile in-
tention.
They went within a vale, clofe to a flood, whole
ftream
Us'd to sivc all their cattle drink, they there enam-
bujh'd them. Cbafmun's Iliad

TsEna'mel. i;.fl. [fromflOT//. SeeAMEL.]
I. To inlay; to variegate with colours,
fixed by fire.

Muft I, alas!
Frame kA </wW plate, »tti drink inilafc? Dtnnt.

E N G

See Pai\ wiA flocks, with fruits Pomona erownUf
Here bluftiing Flora paints th' enaaell'd gromi.

Pope.

I bequeath to the Earl of Orrery the enamttfd
filver plates, todiftinguifti bottlesof wineby. S-uift,

2. To lay upon another body fo as to vary it.

Higher than that wall, a circling row
Of goodlieft trees, loaden with the faired fruit,
BlolToms, and fruits at once of golden hue,
Appear'd with gay enamell'd colours mix'd. Muton,

TuEna'-mel. v.ti. TopradUfcthc ufe of

enamel.

Though it were foolilh to colour or en.imel upott
the glafl'cs of teicfcopes, yet to gild the tubts of
them may render them moie acceptable to the ufcrs,
without lelTening the clearncfi of the objedt. Boyle,

Ena'meu «./. [from the wrb.]

1 . Any thing enamelled, or variegated with
colours fixed by fire.

Down from her eyes welled the pearles round.
Upon the bright enamel of her tace ;
Such honey drops on fpringing flowers are found.
When Phoebus holds the crimfon mom iii chace.

Fairfax^

There are various forts of coloured glaflesr pa(»ts,.
enamels, and faftitious gems, kf'oodviard oil Fojfilt,

2. The fubftance inlaid in other things.
Ena'meller. n. /. [from enamel] On«

that praftifes the art of enamelling.
To Ena'mour. 11. a. [amour, French.] To
inflame with love ; to make fond : with
0/ before the the thing or perfon loved.

AftlicSion is enamour'd ol thy parts.
And thou art wedded to calamity. Shjkefpeare..

My Oberon ! what vilions hive I feen !
I thought I was enamour'd of an afs. Shakeffeare.
You are very near jny brother ii» his love , he is
enamoured on Hero. Sbakjeftare.

Or (hould (he, confident.
As (itting queen ador'd on beauty's throne,
Defcend with all her winning charms begirt,
T' enamour, as the zone of Venus once
Brought that effea on Jove, fo fables tell. Mlltort.

He, on his (ide.
Leaning hali-rais'd, with looks of cordial love
Hung over her enam'Mr'd. MiUon's Par.Lofi.

Your uncle cardinal
Is not fo far enamour'd of a cloyfter.
But he will thauk you for the crown. Dryden..

'Tis hard to diicern whether is in the greatelt
erroiu', he who is enamour'd of all he does, or be
whom nothing of his own can pleafe.. _ Dryden.

Enarra'tion. n.f. [enarro, Latin.] Ex-
planation ; expofition. iWr?.

Enarthro'sis. »./. [«» and af^for.] The
infertion of one bone into another ta
form a joint.

Enarthrofis is where a good round head enters into
acavitv, whether it be a cotyla, or profound cavity»
as that of os coxae, receiving the head of tho o«
femoris; orglene, which is more Ihallow, as in the
fcapula, where it receives the humerus. kVifema.t.
Enata'tion. u.f. [enato,Lzun.\ The aft
of fwimming oi»t ; efcape by fwimming.

Didt
Ena'untbr, adv. An obfolete word ex-
plained by %»/*rhimfelf to mean leji that.

Anger would not let him fpeak to the tree,
Enaunier his rage might cooled be.
But to the root bent his fturdy ftroke. fifenfer.

To Enca'ce. t;. a. [from ca^.-.] To fliut
up in a cage ; to coop up ; to confine.

HeTuftet'd his kiiifman March,
Who is, if every owner were right plac'd.
Indeed, his king, to be rncag'd in Wales,
There without lanfom to lie lorleited. Siak.fp.

Like Bajazet enaig'd, the (hepherd's fcoflT,
Or like llack-finew'J Sampfon, his hair aff. Donne.

Tfl Enca'.mp. 1'. «. [from cam/. ] To pitch
tents ; to fit down for a time in a march;
to fettle a temporary habitation.

Hcc«fjm;>'</atthemountof God, ExoJ.xWi. J.
The f (caeh kaew how to make war with the

£r.glilb^

EL E

Inglifli, by BOt putting things to the haiwJ of »
fcattle, but wearing them by long ficges of towns,
«nd ftrong fortified encamfhgi. HMon.

To Enc a'mp. I', a Toform an array into
a regular camp; to order to encamp.
The people were encamped againll Gibbeihon*

Evca'mpment. n.f. \i:om encamp.']

I . The aft of encamping, or pitching tents.

«. A carap; tents pitched in order.

Their enemies ferved to improve them in their

ncamfmenti, weapons, or fomething elfe. Crew.
When a gen*ral bids the martial train

Spread the trtramprntnt o'er the fpacious plain.

Thickrifingtentsacanvascky build. Caji'fTrivia.
fo Enca've. i;. a. Ifrom cave.] To hide

as in a cave.

Do but (Mcave yourfelf.
And mark the Beers, the gibes, and notable fcorns,
That dwell in every region of his face j
For I will make him tell the tale anew. Shah/p.

ENCEINTE, n.f. [French.] Inclofure ;

ground inclofed with a fortification. A

military term not yet naturalifed.
yVENCHA'fB. v. a. [e/chauffer, French.]

To enrage; to irritate ; to provoke.
The wind-ihali'd furge, with high and monftrous
main,

Seems to call water on (he burning bear,

1 never did like molclUtion view

Or. the ncbafed flood . Shakejfeart'i Oibella,

'Te Encha'im. -v. a. \encbainer, French.]

1 . To fatten with a chain ; to hold in

chains; to bind; to hold in bondage.

What Ihould I do? while here I was enciain'd.
No glimpfe of godlike liberty remain'd. Dtydii.
T. To link together ; to concateaate.

The one contrafls and eacbaiitt his words, fpcak-
ing prelTugly and (hort i the other delights in long-
breaLhcd accents. Htnvrl.

To ENCHANT, -v. a. [enchanier, French.]

1. To give efficacy to any thing by fongs
of forceiy.

And now about the cjuldron fing,
'Like elvts and fairies in a ring,
Ertcbanttng all that you put in. Sbakefptare.

I'hefe powerful drops thrice on the thrcfliold pour,
And bathe with this encbamed\\iKK. her door;
That door where no admittance now is found,
But where my foul is ever hovering round. GrarrvUle.

2. To fubdue by charms or fpel's.

Arcadia was the charmM circle, where all his
fpirit* for ever Ihould be encbanttd. Hidxty.

John thinks them all ^xrA.i/rr/i/ ; he enrjuires if
Nick bad not given them fome intoxicating potion.

Arbutbmt.

3. To delight in a high degree.

One whom the mufick of his own vain tongue
Doth ravifti like enchanting harmony. Shakefftare.

Too dear I prizM a fair tncbanting face ;
Beauty unchaAe is beauty in difgrace. fope.

Escha'.nter. n.f, [rnchattteur, French.]
A magician ; a forcerer ; one who has
fpirits or demons at his command ; one
who has the power of charms and fpells.

Such phafms, fuch apparitions, are enccllrncies
which men applaud in thcmfelves, conjured up by
tfie magick oi a ftrong imaijinaiion, and only feen
withm that circle in wliicli the trubaitier iUnds.

Decay of Piety .

Cladio, by valour and ftratagcm, put to death

tyrants, tncbanien, monltcrs, and knights. SftH.

Ardan, that black eitcbanter^ whofc -dire arts
Enllav'd our knights, and broke our virgin hearts.

Giuftv.

^nCHa'ntinolv. ad'v. [from enchant.]

With the force of enchantment. It is

improperly uftd in a paflive fenfe in the

following paflage.

He's gentle ; never fhooIM, and yet learned ; full

"of aebledcviccf ef aUloium«&a«//ffj;/ybclov'd.

Shake/fearr,

E LE

Encha'ntement. ». / \encbantemen1,
French.]

1 . Magical charms ; fpells ; incintation ;
forcery.

'The Turks thought that tempeft was brought
upon them by the charms .aid enchamtmenti of the
Perllan magicians. KncHes,

2. Irrefiilible influence; overpowering de-
light.

Warmth of fancy will carry the loudeft and moft

up.iverfal applaufe, which holds the heart of a reader

under the llrongeft encbatttmrnt. Pope.

Ench a'ntress. »./. \enchanlercjfe, French.]

1 . A forcerefs ; a woman verfed in magical
arts.

Fell banning hag ! enebantrefs, hold thy tongue.

abakefprare.

I have it by certain tradition, that it was given to

the tirll who wore it by an cncbuntrefi. Tuiler.

2. A woman whofe beauty or excellencies
give irrefiilible influence.

From this enchanlre/i all thefe ills ate come ;
You are not fate 'till you jRonounce her doom. Dryd,

Oft with til' tnchanlrefs of hit foul ho talks.
Sometimes in crowds dillrefs'd. Tvom/on,

T'oEncha'se. a;, a. \enchajfer, French.]
I. To infix; to inclofe in any other body
fo as to be held fait, but not conceakd.'

Like polifh'd iv'ry, beauteous to behold j
Or Parian marble, when f»cijj'</ in gold. Drydeti.

Words, which, in their natural fituation, Ihine
like jewels encbj/ed in gold, look, when tranfpofcd
into notes, as if let in lead. Feliort.

z. To adorn by being fixed upon it-

What fee'ft thou there ! King Henry's diadem,
Eicbiu'd with all tlic lionours of the world ! Siahf.

They houl'es burn, and houfeliold gods deface,
To drink in bowb which glitt'riiig gemt enchafe.

Drydeti.

3. To adorn by raifcd or emboffed work.

When was old Sherewood'i head more quaintly
curl'd.
Or look'd the earth more green upon the world.
Or nature's cradle more cncbui'd and purl'd ?

Hen ^J'ib/tfdt:.

Enchea'son. n.f. [enche/ifan, old law
French.] Caufe; occafion.

Skiitntr. C(nvel. Bailej,

Certes, faid he, well mote I (hould to tell

The fond encbeaftn that me hither led. fairy Siueen.

To Enci'rcle. f. a. [from chcle.] 'I'o

furround ; to environ ; to enclofe in a

ring or circle; to enring.

That ftrangergueft the Paphian realms obeys,
A realm defended with encirclittg feas. Pope.

Beneath a fculptur'd arch he Ills enlTiron'd ;
The peers eneircling, form an awful round. Pope.

Enci'rclet. ».y. [itooi circle.] A circle ;

a ring.
In whore tnc'irelets if ye gaze.

Your eyes may tread a lover's m.ize. Sidney.

Encli'ticks. n.f. [ly»AiT»)t«.] Particles

which throw back the accent upon the

foregoing fy liable.
» Hnclo^i

To Hnclo^se. -v. a. [enclos, French.]

1. To part from things or grounds common
by a fence.

The protcflor caufed a proclamation to be fet
forth againft cnclofures, comm-inding that they who
had enclofcd lands, accultomed to lie open, Ihould
lay ihem open again. Hjyu-ard.'

As much land as » man tills, and can ufc the
product of, fo much he by his labour enclofn from
the common. Locke,

far inclining of Und, the ufual way is with a bank
fet with ^uick. Moriimer't Hijliandry.

2. To environ ; to enciix:le ; to furround ;
to encompafs ; ro (hut in between other
things ; to include.

The lourth row a beryl, and an onyx, and a
jafpct : ihey Ihall be fct in gold in their enciofmgi.

£x, ziviii. zo.

E L E

The peer now fpreads the glitt'rinj forfex wide.
T' enclofe the lock; now joins it, to divide. Pupt.
3» To hold by an exclufivc claim.
Enclo'ser. n.f, [{torn enclofe.],

1. One that enclofes or feparates common
fields in feveral diftinft preperties.

If Cod had laid all comiiion, certainly
Man \vouId have been th' tnclcfer; but fince now
God hath impal'd us, on the contrary,
Man breaks the fence. Herbert,

2. Any thing in which another is enclofed.
Enclo'sure. n.f. \iici\Xi enclofe.]

1. The aft of enelofing or environing any
thing.

The membranes are for the comprehfnfion or
enclojure of all thefe together. H'ilkint.

2. The reparation of common grounds into
difljnft pofleflions.

Enciofures began to be frequent, whereby arable
land was turned into pafturc. BjCon's lierrry\Ht

Touching endo^ures, a company of lands inclofed
are thereby improved in worth two or three parts at
the leaft. Haytvard.

3. The appropriation of things common.

Let no man appropriate what God hath made
common ; that is againll jullice and charity, and
by miraculous accidents God hath declared his dif-
pleafurc againft fuch encjojure. Baylor,

4. State of being (hut up in any place ; en-
compa(red or environed.

This expreflVs particularly the enclofure of the
waters within the earth. Burnei'sTbeoty,

For the young, during its tnchfure in the womb,
there are formed membranes invelopinj it, called
fecundines. Kay,

5. The fpace enclofed ; the fpace compre-
hended within certain limits.

And all, that elfe this world's rwr/o/ire baie
Hath great or glorious in mortal eye.
Adorns the perion of her Majetly. Fairy ^aeerr.

They arc to live all ia a body, and generally
within the fame encUfure; to marry among them-
felws, and to eat no meats that are not prepared
their own way. Addi/ott's Sptffalor.

6. Several ; ground enclofed ; ground fe-
parated from the common.

'Tisnot the common, but the ««f/o/«ii; muft make

him rich. South.

Enco'miast. »./. [ty>£»i(in«5Ti5.] A pane-

gyrift ; a proclaimer of praife ; a praifer.

The jcfuiti are the great tn^omiajis of the Chinefe.

h^icke,
Encomia'stical. "I adj. [iy«»'f<'i«Vi»S>-.]
Encomia'stick. J Panegyrical; laudato-
ry , containing praife ; beftowing praife.
ENCO'iVIIUlM. n.f, [iy»<ii^<(.r,] Panegy-
rick ; praife ; elogy-

How eagerly do fome men propagate every little
encxnium their parafites make of ihcm I Cc-u.Sin.

A vile encomium doubly ridicules ;
There's nothing blackens like the ink of fools. P.ope,

To Enco'mpass, -v. a. [from cuM/(7//j

1. To enclofe ; to encircle.

Look how my ring encorr.pajfetb thy linger;
Ev'n 10 thy breall encloleth iu> jjoor heart. SbakeJ^,

Two ftrong ligaments c-nipa/i the whole he-.d of
the femur. IVij'eman's Surgery.

Poctick fields eneo-npafi me around,
And llill 1 feem to tre t>! on clalVic ground. AddifoHm

2. To (hut in ; to furround; to environ.
He, having ^i^it\:.z lix thoufand in his troop.

By three and twenty thoufand of the French

Whs round enctimp.ij/'ed; and let upon. .Sbakr/ji.

3. Togo round any place; as, Diah en-
compalfed the nuorld.

Ek^o'mj'assment. n.f. [from enom/^fs.]
Cirturalocution; oWi'mic tendency of
talk.

Finding
By this tHcompaJfmcnl and drift of i]UclVion,
That they do ktiuw mfrlon, come you more near.

^hakcfpeare,

4 %^ ENC<JrE.

EN C

fNCORE. adv. [French.] Again ; once
more. A word ufed at puolick (hows
when tl finger, or fidler, or buffoon, is
defired by the audience to dothcfamiE
thing again.

To the fame not« thy fons ftull hum or fnnrc,
*ndall ihy Yawning daughters cry Off 9rf. Dttacl.tJ.

tNCO'UN'TKR. »./. [^»«»/»r, French.]
I. Duel; finglc fight; conflift.
Thou haft heal me out
Twelve feveral timts, and I have nightly fince
Dreamt of encounltri 'twixt thyfclf and me. Siat/f.

Let's leave this keen rnccu/iter of our wits,
And h\l fomething into a (lower method. Sh:il.cfp.
, Pallas ih' intountir fcelu ; but ere he throws,
. j[o Tufcan Tiber thus addreii'd his vows :

0 Tacred ftream, direft my flying Jjrt,

And give to pal's the proud Halefius' heart. D'yJ.

' 2,^Batt!e; fight in which enemies rufh againft
each other.

Two black cloudi
Will) heav'ni artillery fraught, come rattling on
Over ilie Cafpian ; then Hand tront to irout,
. Jlov'ring a (pace, 'till winds the fignal blow
. To join their dark f«fo»«/?r in mid air. Alifton.

ij. Eager and warm converfation, either of
Jove or anger.

Tlie peaking comuto coAe> to me in the inltant
mf OUT oieyitnier, after we had fpokc the prologue of
our comedy. Si,ak,fp/-jre.

4. Accidental congrefs ; fudden meeting.

Propitious Pallas, to fecure her care.
Around him fpread a veil of (hickcu'd air.
To Iliun th' tficoumer of the vulgar crowd. Popf,

5. Accoftjng; tranfient or uneitpefted ad-
'^rcfs.

But in what habit will you go along ?
»— Not like a woman ; for 1 would prevent the loofe
rA<;<UfX/rrj of lafcivious men. i^hake/jteare.

Three parts oi Bmtus
Is out's already ; and the man entire.
Upon the next tnctunter^ yields him ours. Shakef,

6. Cafual incident ; occafion. Thi* fcnfc
is fcarceiy Englifh.

An equality it not fufficient for the utility of ch*.
Tat£^r: 'tis further neceirary, that the fame fpirit
appear in all fort of encounters. Pope.

yi Enco'unter. "v, a. [from the aoun.] i
1 . To meet face to face ; to front.

If I mult die,

1 will inetuKtet darknefs j.% a bride,

And hug it in mine arms. Shakefpeare.

The faOiioo of the world is to avoid colt, and you
tuecimler it. Isbakejpeare,

Tbou ftronger may'ft endure the flood of light ;
And while in (hades 1 chear my fainting fight,
Encowiler the defcending ejcclknce. Dryden.

i. To meet in a hollile manner ; to rufh
ngainfi in confliifl.

Putting thcmfclves in order of battle, they e/t.
iouxrereJ then enemies. Ktwlks's llij!. of 'he Turks.

3. To meet with reciprocal kindnefs.

See they encounter thee with their hearts thanks j
Both (ides arc even. Shjkefp. Alacifeti.

4. To attack ; to meet in the front.

Which v»ay focver we turn, we arc enemntered
with clear evidences and fenfible dcmonDrations of a
IXity. tiUoiJm.

5. To oppofe ; to oppugn.

Jurors are rot bound to believe two witnelTes, if
the probability of the faiii does tcafonably encounter
them. Hale.

6. To meet by accident.

I am moll foitunatc liius to enccjifrttr you ;
You have endrd my buftnefs, and I will merrily
Accompany you home, i^iair/peare'j Corioiaftut.

7e EnCo'unter. -v. n.

I. To rufli together in a hoflile manner; to
confliA.

Encwntrr (b.
As doth the tury of two dcfperate men,
\N hich, ill the tcry meeting, WW and die. Stairf.

E N e

Tive times, Marciu?,
Hare 1 fought with thee ; fo often haft thou 1>ejt rat :
And wouldft d* fo, I think, (hould we encounter.
As often as wc eat. SLikrff are's Corialanus.

2. To engage; to fight: it hath av/Vi before
the thing.

Our wars
Will turn into a peaceful comick fport.
When ladies crave to be encounter'd with. Sbaicf.

Both the wings of his fleet had begun to entnunter
with the Chrillians. Kmiln's Hiji. of the Turks.

Tliofe who have the motl dread of death, muA be
content to encounter •uiili it, v\hethcr they will
or no. If'ake.

3. To meet face to face.

A. . To come together by chance.
Enco'untkrer. 7i.f. [{torn euc'iuKter,'^

1. Opponent ; antagonifl ; enemy.

The lion will not kick with his feet, but he will
ftrikefuch a ftroke with his tail, that he will break
the b.ick of his tncouHterer with it. More.

The doctrines of the reformation have kept the
field againll all encoimteiers. Allerbury.

2. One tliat loves to accoft Others, An old
terra.

Oh, thefe encomlerers I fo gilt of tongue.
They give a coalling welcome ere it comes ;
And wide unclafp the tables of their thouglils
To every ticklilh leader. Shakef. Troilus a>:dCre£ida.
To Enco'uragi. V, a. [eiicMrn^ir, French.]

1. To animate; to incite to any thing.

They rxcoiirate themfclvcs in an evil matter.

Pf. Ixiv. 5.

2. To give courage to; to fiipport the fpi-
rits ; to infpirit ; to embolden.

Kinds of mufick encour.ige men, and make them
warlike, or make them (oft and cfieminate. JBactn,

1 would neither encourage the rebels, nor difcou-
rage the proteltants loyalty. ^'"g Charles.

J. To raife confidence ; to make confident.

1 doubt not but there are ways to be found, to
alTilt our reafon in this moll uleful part ; and this the
judicious Hooker encourages me to fay. Locke.

EnCo'uHACEMENT. »./. \^Vom etictiiirage.^

1. Incitement to any aftion or praftice ; in-
centive.

2. Encreafe of confidence.

Such llrengih of heart
Thy condufl and examples gives ; nor fmall
Eticourjgetnentf Godolphin, wife andjuil. Phllrps,

J, Favour; countenance; fupport.

For when he dies, farewel all honour, bounty.
All generous encour.igeinent of arts. Ottuay' s Orphan.

The reproach of immortality will lie heavieft
againft an eftablilhcd religion, becaufe thofe who
have no religion will prolefs ihemfelvcs of that which
has the eiieouragement of the law. Rogers.

Enco'urager. K./. {irom fncoureige.'] One
that fupplies incitements to any thing ; n
favourer.

Live then, thou great enourager of arts.
Live ever in our thankful hearts. DryJen,

As the pope is a mailer of polite learning, and a
great e/;f^tfrtf^cr of arts ; ^o at Rome thefe arts im-
mediately thrive, under the encouragement of the
prince. AdJijon.

To ENCRO'ACH. <v. a. {accrocher, from
croc, a hook, French.]

I. To make invafions upon the right of
another; to put a hook into another man's
pofTeffions to draw them away.

Thofe Irilh captains of counties h:xvc encroached
upon the queen's freeholders and tenants. Spenfer.

z. To advance gradually ar>d by flealth upon

that to which one has no right : with on

before the fubjeifl.

This hour is mine J if for the next 1 care, I grow

too wide,

And do encrcMh upon death's fide. Herbert.

Tifiphone, let luoic tram under ground,
Belbn bcr drives dii'calct and ali'ri(hti

E N C

Ani3 erery moment rifes to the fight,
Aiuiring to the (kies, encroaehing on the light. DryJ,
To EncRo'acH. rv, n.
I. To creep on gradually without right.
The fuperftition that rileth voluntarily, and by
degrees minglcth itfelf with the rites, even of every
divine fervice, done to the only true God, muft be
confidercd of as a creeping and eecroacbing evil.

Htoker,
Th' eticroacbing ill you early (hould oppofe ;
Flatter'd, 'tis worle, and by indulgence growl. Dryi,
2« To pafs bounds.

They fabled how the ferpent, whom they call'd
Ophion, with Eurynome, the wide
Encroaching F.ve perhaps, had iiil> the rule
Of high Olympus. Milton's Parad'ife hofi.

Next ftnc'd with hedges and deep ditches round,
Exclude th'f»rrajrii«^ cattle from thy ground. Dryi,
Encro'acher. »./. \{ioai encroach. ^

1. One who feizes the pofTeffion of another
by gradual and filent means.

The bold encroachers on the deep.
Gain by degrees huge trails of land,

'Till Neptune, with one general fwcep^
Turns all again to barren ftrand. Sivlji,

2. One who makes flow and gradual ad-
vances beyond his rights.

Full drcfs creates dignity, augments confcioufnefs,'
and keeps at diilaiicc an fncroacher. Clariffa,

Encr«'achment. »./. [irom encroach. 'I

1. An unlawful gathering in upon another
man. For example : ift wo men's grounds
lie together, the one prefles too far upon
the other ; or if a tenant owe two fnil-
lings rent-fervice to the lord, and the lord
takes three : fo the Spencers encroached
to themfelvcs royal power and authority.

Ctnixl.

But this ufurper his encroachment proud.
Stays not on man : to Cod his tow'r intends
Siege, and defiance. Alilton's ParadlfeLoJf.

If it be a man's known principle to depart from
his right, ill men will make unjuft encroachmentt
upon him. Atterbury.

2. To advance into the territories or rights
of another.

As a yian had a right to all he could employ hi*
labour upon, {o he had no temptation to labour for
more than he could make ufeof : this left no room
for controvcrfy about the title, nor for encroachment
on the right of others. Locke.

The ancient Romans msde many encroachmentt
on the fca, and laid the foundations of their palaccx
within the very borders of it. AJdlfon on Italy.

The people, lince the death of Solon, had already

made great encroachments. Swft^

To Encu'mber. <v. a. [eneomhrer, French.}

1. To clog; to load; to impede.

We have, by this many years experience, found
that exceeding great good, not e/ieumbered with any
notable inconvenience. Hooker.

Encumber' d With hisveft, without defence. Dryd..

2. To entangle ; to embarrafs ; to obftruft.

The verbal copier is incumbered with fo many
difficulties at once, that he can never difentangis
himfelf. Dryden.

The god awak'd.
And thrice in vain he Ihook his w'lng,
Encumber'd in the filken firing. Prior.

3. To load with debts; as, hi: efiaie is en-
cumbered ivilh mortgages.

Enco'mbrance. n.f. [hom encumber.l

1. Clog; load; impetiiment.

Philolb|ihers .igreed in del'pifmg riches, at belt,

confideriiig them as unnccdVai-y f//ca;«^*uw^fjof life.

• Temple.

Dead limbs are an encumbrance to the body, in-
ftead of being of ufc to it. AJ.iifon's Freeholder.

2. Excrefcence ; ufeicfs addition.

Strip from the branching Alps tbcir piny load.
The huge cncmnbiafKe of liorriOck woo(U* TkoinfjH*

3. Burthen upoa an eilatc.

END

In refp«a of the tncumbranett of a Uvleg, wnfijer
• hethcr it be fufficicnt for his faroily, and to main-
tain hofpitality. Ajl.
Ency'clical. adj. [VyxuKAonK-] Circular;
fent round through i, iarge region.

This council was not received in patriarchal fees,
which is evident from Photius's encyclical epiftle to
the patriarch of Alexandria. StUl'mrfieit.

Encvclope'diaTTw. /. [iyxtijcAwi-itJii*.]
Encyclope'dy. J The circle of fci-
ences ; the round of learning.

In this encyclnfitdiu and round of knowledge,
like the great wheels of heaven, we muft obferve
two circles, that while we are daily carried about,
and whirled on by the fwing and rapt of the one,
we may maintain a natural and proper courfe in
the fober wheel of the other. Brmxm's falgar Err,
Every fcicnce borrows from all the reft, and we
cannot attain any fingle one without tlie tncjclofady.

Glamiiue.
This art may juftly claim a place in the tncyclo-
f4edia, cfpecially fuch as fervei for a model of educa-
tion for an able politician. Arbulhnot.

Ency'sted. adj. [iwsK.] Enclofcd in a
veficle or bag.

Encyfted tumours borrow their names from a cyft
or bag in which they are contained. Shmf'i Surgay.

End. »./. [eni>, Saxon.J

J. The extremity of the length of any thing
materially extended. Of bodies that have
equal dimenfions we do not ufe end: the
extremity of breadth i^jiJe.

Jonallun put forth the end of the rod that was in
his hand, and dipt it in a honeycomb. i Saai,

3« Extremity or laft part in general.

The eitremity and bounds of all bodies we have
no difficulty to arrive at; but, when the mind is
there, it finds nothing to hinder itsprogrefs into this
endlefs eipanfion ; of that it can neither tind, nor
conceive any ^;r.y. Locke,

3. The laft particle of any aflignablc dura-
tion.

Behold the day groweth to an end, Judgei.

At (he nii/of two months flie leiumrd. jfutiget.

If the world's age and death be argu'd well
By ihc fun's iall, which now tow'rds earth doth bend,

'l"hen we might tear, that virtue, fincc (he fell
So k>w as woman, Ihould be near her end, Donne.

4. The conclulion or celTation of any action.

Jacob had made an end of commanding hit fon;.

(Jen,

Yet vainly moft iheir age in ftudy fpend ;
No end of writing books, and to no end. Denham,

The caufes and defigns of an aifion art the begin-
ning : the eifcfU of tliefc caufes, and the diflficuliics
met with in the execution of thefe defigns, are the
middle; and the unravelling and refolution of thefe
difficulties, art the end. Brume of Epic Poetry,

5. When end is not uf«d materially, it is
oppofed to begitming.

Better ii the endihin the iegtnnlng thereof. Ecclef,

€. The ccnclufion or laft part of any thing :
as, the end of a chapter; the end of a
difcourfe.

7. Ultimate ftate ; final doom.

Mjrk ihe perleift man, and behold the upright,
for ilie etidoi that man is peace. ' fjuimi.

t. The point beyond which no profeflioii
can be made.

'Ihey reel to and fro, md ftajger like a drunken
man, and are at their wits end, I'f cvii. ay.

9. Final determination ; concltifion of de-
bate or deliberation.
My guilt be on my head, and there's an rnj'

, Hhjliifpfj) i: .

JO. Death; fate; dcccafe.

1 determioe to writ; the' life and end, the ni-
lure and the fortunes ol (leorge Villiers. Wui.n,

7'hc louliet.eiv«si>iulligcnce.
By her oe.ir genius, of the budy'>r«./,
An-I fo imparts a tidncfs to the fcr.le. nanirl'jCit .

'I'll the g:ta« buliBaf) 9lUcu> h( «ur)cl«c^ lor

END

ear end, %ni tra man <an live well t'hat hath not
death in his eye. L'Ejhange,

Remember Milo's end^
Wedg'd in that timber which he ftrove to rend.

Rojctmman.
My God, my father, and my friend.
Do not forfake me in my end. Ro/ccmmori,

Unblam'd through life, lamented in thy end. Pofe,
1 1. Ceflation ; period.

What is the fign of the end of the world ? Maitb.
Great houfes Ihall luve an end, Amos,

iz. Limit; termination.

There is no end of the ftore. Nahum.

1 3 . Abolition : total lofs.

There would be an end of all civil government, if
the airignment of civil power were by fuch iullitu-
tion. Locke.

J4. Caufe of death ; deftroyer.

Take heed you dally not before yourkinff,
Lcll he that is the fupremc King ol kings.
Confound your hidden faUchood, and award
Either of you to the other's f»if. Stiak, Rich.lll.

15. Confequence; conclulive event; con-
clulion.

O, that a man might know
The end of this day's bulinefs ere it come !
But it fufficeth that the day will end. Sbatefp,

The end of thefe things is death. Rom, vi. 21.

16. Fragment; broken piece.
Thus i clotlie my naked villainy

With old odd endt, ftol'n forth of Holy Writ,

And feem a faint. Sbuteff. Rich. 111.

17. Purpofe; intention.

There was a purpofe to reduce the monarchy to a
republick, which was far from the end and purpofe
ol that nation. CUrendon,

1 have lov'd !
What can tliy endt, malicious beauty, be'?
Can he who kill'd thy brother, live lor thee ? Dryd,

Heav'n, as its inllrument, my courage (ends;
Heav'n ne'er fent thofe who fight for private ends,

Dryden.

Others are apt to attribute them fo fome falfe end
or intention. _ Addi/an'tSfeaator.

1 8. '1 hing intended ; final delign ; die ter-
mination of intelledualprofpett.

Wifdom may have framed one and the fame
thing to fervc comraodioully lor divers ends, and of
thole ends any one may be fufficicnt caufe lor con-
tinuance, though the rell have ceafed. Ho'Aer,
All thofe things whicR are done by hira, have
fome end for which they are done; and the end for
which they are done, is a reafon of his will to do
them. Hooter.

Her only end is never-ending blifs ;
Which is, the eternal face of God to fee.
Who laft oiends, and hrft of caufes is ;
And to do this, Ihe muft eternal be. Davles,

The r^Ti/ of the commandment is charity, i 7int.
Two things I (hall propound to you, as ends;
fince the wile men ol this world have made them
••"'i"- Suckling,

Such conditions did fully comply with all thole
ends, for which the parliament had firft taken up
»"»»• Clarendon.

Hear and mark
To what end I have brought thee hither. MUton,

Lite, with my liidamora, 1 would chufe;
But, lofiog her, the end of living lofe. Dryden.

For when (iiccefs a lover's toil attends.
Few alk'd if fraud or forte attain'd liii ends. Pope.
The rWofour faft is to plcalc God, and make
him propitious. .Smalridgc.

}^. An Knd. [Probably corrupted from
oa end,] Upright; erect: ao, his hair
ftands an end.
20. y^n End has a fignificafion in low lan-
guage not e:il)ly i;xplaincd ; as, mojl an
end, cammonlj : pcrh«ps it is properly en
end, at the concliifion ,• or corrupted from
fome old word noteatily rccoaabk.

Slay 'ft thou to vex me here ?
Slave, that llill an end, tuiii. me to lliame! Stake/,

III li.s p. 'J. a, [from the noun. J
4

END •

1. To ferminate; to conclude; to finifh.

They have fBd'rrf all my harvcft. Ruti.

He would in one battle end quarrel with them,
either win or lofe the empire. Knolles.

That expenfive war under which we have lb long
groaned , is not yet ended. Smalridgc.

2. Jo deftroy; to put to death.
The lord of Staftbrd dear to-day hath bought

Thy likenci's; forinftead of thee. King Harry,

1 his fword haih ended him. Shake/, Henry IV.

I. To come to an end; to be finifhetl.

Then eafe your weary Trojans w/ll attend.
And the long labours of your voyage end. Drydiit.
t. To die. {riXivrku]

Y" happy were my death, mine ending Weft,
If this 1 could obtain, that, kreaft to brcalt.
Thy bofom might rccei vc my yielded fpright. Fairf, ^

3. To terminate; to conclude.
Ourlayghing, if it be loud and high, commonly

ends in a deep figh ; and all the inftances of pleafure
have a fting in the tail. -Tayiof,

4. To ceafe; tofail.
His fovereignT), built upon either of thefe titles,

could not have defccnded to his heir, but mutt have
ended with him. Locke,

y. To conclude adion or difcourfe.

The angel ended, and in Adam's car
So charming left his voice. MikoH.

To Enda'mage. -v. a, [from damage,] Ta
mifchief ; to prejudice; to harm.

Nor ought he car'd whom he endamaged
By tort'ous wrong, or whom bereav'd of rigli t. Spen/er.
It Cometh Ibnietime lopafs, that a thing ujinciefl
fary in itfe;tdolh notwithftanding appear convenient
to be ftiU held, even without lUe, left, by reafon of
that coherence which it hath with fumewhat moft
neceffary, tiie removal of the one (hould endamage
theother. Hooker.

Where your good word cannot advantage him.
Your (lander never can endamage him. Stake/,

Gather our foldieis, fcatttr'd and difperft,
And lay new platforms to endamage them. Shale/.

The trial hath endamaged thcc no way ;
Rather more honour left, and more clfeera. Miliox.
When an erroneous opinion is publilhed, the jiub.
lick is endamaged, and therefore it becomes pu-
nilhable by the raagiftrate. Souib.

A great alteration doth fcldom any wife emiamagt
or dilbrdcr the glube. IVti/dward's Natural Hi/lcry.

Enda'macemekt. «./. [from endamage.]
Damage; lofs.

Tliele riags oi Prance that are advanced here.

Have liitiicv maich'd to the endamagement, Shakefi

To Enda'noek. X-. a. [from danger.]

I. To put into hazard : to bring into peril.

Every ore detircs his own prefervation and happi-

nefs, and therefore hath a natural dread of every

thing that can deftroy his being, or endanger his

happinels. TilLi/on.

He rais'd the reft.
To force the foes fr >m the l.avinian (hore,
And Italy '» endanger'dpnce reftoie. Dryden's Mn.
My kingdom claims ymir birth ; my late defence,
Of our endanger' d fleet, may claim your couiidcnce.

Dryden.

Volatile falts never exlft in an animal body; the

heat re<iuired to make them volatile, endangers the

animal. ArOuihnal.

The inlereil endangeni is our title to heaven.

Rogers*

2. To Incur the danger of; to hazard.

He that turneth the humours b.iclt, and maketh
the wound bleed inwards, e/idangere;l> malign ulcers.

Hacon ^

To End e'ar. 'v. a. [from dear.] To make
dear; to mjikc beloved.

All thofe inllances ol charity v/hich ufnally c»-
<''•" '^ach oihcr, Iweetnefs of conveilaiici!, frec|ucnt
admonition, all (ignilicaiioiij of love mut^ be ex-
ptrfted towatdi children. TayUr. .

And in tlic mixture of all ttiefeappeaB
Variet) , which lU the veil enMun. Drnbam.

The only ihiuj ih»t can endear religion "i# y.iur

|)raCtiikC, .

END

«ra{nce, will be to raiCe your jflfeaioiu »*<we '^'n
world. '^'«*'-

Ende'arment. «./. [from mdcar.']

1. The caufe of love; means by which any
thing is endeared.

Her tirft tnjiarmtiin, twining round the foul.

7i«m/oir.

2. The ftatc of being endeared ; theftate of
being loved.

Is not the fcpiinte property of a thing the greit
caufe of its endearment amongftill mankind? South.

When a man fhall have done all that he can to
make one his friend, and emptied his purfe to ere-
ate endtameni between them, he may, in the end,
be forced to write vanity and fraftration. South,

ENDE'AVOUR. »./. {de'joir, French; «;-
devoir.'] Labour direded to forae certain
eiid; effort to obtain or avoid.

My ftudicd purpofes went
Beyond all man's enjeavcurx. Simkrf. HexrjVWl.

Heav'n doth divide
The ftate of man in divers funftioin.
Setting <^<^wx'7wr in continual motion. Sbakef,

Here their appointment we may beft difcover.
And look on t\\(:it enjeavoar . Shakff. Ant. andCleo.

I take imitation of an author to be an endeavour
ef a later poet to WTite like one who has written be-
fcre him on the fame fubjeft. Drydin.

The bold and fufficient purfue their game witli
more paflion, endeavour, and application, and there-
fore often fucceed. Temfle.

She could not make the lead endeavour towards
the producing of any thing that hath vital and or-
ganical parts. Ray.

Such an aflurance as will qnicken men's endea-
•vourifot the obtaining of a lelTer good, ought to
animate men more powerfully In the purfuit of that
which is in6nitely greater. Tillotfon.

This is the hinge on which turns the liberty of
■ Sntellertual beings, in tlieir conftant fWMVoliri af-
ter, and fteady profecution of, true felicity. Locke.

fo Endea'vour. <v. n. [from the noun.]
To labour to a certain porpofe; to work
for a certain end. It h»s commonly after
before the thing.

I could wilh that more of our countr)- clergy « ould
tndeavour after a handfome elocution. Addifon .

Of old, thofe met rewards who could excel ;
And thofe were prais'd, who but endeavour' d well.

Pofe.

Ta Endea'vour* f . o. To attempt; to

eflay.
To pray'rt ttpentanee, anJ bbedience due>

Though but endeavour'' d w ith finccre intent,

Mine ear Ihall not be flow, mine ear not (hut. Milt.
Endea'vourer. n.f. \{xova eudeatour.]

One who labours to a certain end.

He appears an humble endeavourer, and fpeaks
honcftly to no purpofc. Bjmer*s Tragediej.

EtJDECA'coN. n.f. [iVAxayw ] A plain

END

}i>. a. [enditer, French ; rfrV-
tum, Latin.]

figure of eleven fides and angles
Ende'mial. 1/j^'. [I'Jiju,®-.] Peculiar to
Ende'mical. ^ acotmtry; ufed of any
Ende'mick. ^ - -

E

E

Ende'mick. 3 difeafe proceeding from
fome caufe peculiar to the country v.here
it reigns : fuch as the fcurvy to the north-
ern climes. ^ling.

We may bring a confumption under the notion of
a pandcmick, or endemick, or rather a vernacular
difeafe, to England. Harvey .

Solenander, from the frequency of the plants
fpringing up in any region, could gather what en-
dtmial difeafe the inhabitants were fubjefl to. Ray.

An endemiul difeafe is what is common to the
people of the country. Arbuthnoi on Air.

What dcmnnftratcs the plague to be endemiul to
Egypt, is iu invafion and going olf at certain fea-
font. Arbuthnnt .

yo Ende'ni7.e. V, a. [from denizen.^ To
maicc free ; to enfranchife.

The EngllOi tongue hath been beautified and en-
riched out of other tongicj by enfranchifuig and
i/Uenixing llraiige words* Camden.

To ENDrcr.
r» endi'te,

1. To charge any man by a written accu-
fation before a court of juftice: as, he
•was cndited ftrffloHj. It is often writ-
ten india.

2. To draw op ; to compofe ; td Write.

How fliall Filbert unto me indiie\
When neither I can read nor he can write. Cay.
Hear how leafn'd Greece her ufeful rules Indites,
When toreprefs, and when indulge our flights! Pofe.
Te E K D i't e. "u. «. To compofe.

Your battles they hereafter fliall indite.
And draw the image of our Mars in fight. Waller.

Endi'ctment.T ». /. [from endite.'] A
Endi'tement. J billor declaration made
in form of law, for the benefit of the com-
monwealth ; or an accufaiion for fome
offence exhibited unto jurours, and by
their verdift found to be true, before an
officer can have power to punifli the fame
offence. Coixsel.

■Tis r.ccefTary that the fpecies of the crime be
defcribei in the libei or articles, which our Englifli
lawyers call an indieiment or information. Ayliffe.

We never draw any indiSlmmt at all agairill them,
but think commendably even of them. Hooker.

The hand-writing againft him may be cancelled
in the court of heaven, and yet the indiClmem run
on in the court of confcience. South.

Attend the court, and thou flialt briefly find
In that one place the manners of mankind ;
Hear the indiCtfntOls, then return again.
Call tliyfclfwTetch, and, if thoudar'ft, complain.

Dryden.

E'ndive. n.f, [etiJive, French; intjbum,

Latin.] A plant.
Endive, or luccoty, is of fevcral forts; as the

white, the green, and the curled. Mortima .

K'ndlebs. adj. [from <•«</.]
I k Having no end ; being without conclu-

fion or termination.

Nothing was more ertdlf than the common ir.e-
thod of comparing eminent writers by an oppofiiion
of particular pallagcs in them. Pope.

2. Infinite in longitudinal extent.

As it is pleafant to the eye to have an endlrfs
profpe^, fo it is fome pleafure to a finite underrtand-
mg to view unlimited excellencies. Tillorfon,

3. Infinite in duration ; perpetual.

None of the heathens, how curious foever in
fearching out all kinds of outward ceremonies, could
ever once endeavour to refemble herein the cliurch's
care for the endlrfs good of her children. Hooker.

But after labours long, and fad delay,
Brings them to joyous reil, and endlifi blifs. Spenfer.

•Ml our glory extin^, and happy lUte,
Here fwallow'd up in tndlefs mifery ! Milton.

4. Inceflant; continual.

All the pricfts and friars in my realm,
Shall in proceflion fing her .■«d'/f/i praife. Shakeff.

Each piealing Blount fliall endUfs fmiles bcftow ,
And fott Belinda's blurti for ever glow, P^fe.

E'ndhsslv. adv. \fxoxn eiidlefs.'\

1. Inceffantly ; perpetually.

Though God's promifc has made a fure entail
of grate to all thofe who humbly feek, yet it no
where engages that it fliall importunely and end-
lejsly renew its aflaults on thofe who have otten re-
pulled it. Decay of Piety.

2, Without termination of length.
E'NDLfSSNESS. n.f. [from endlefs,\

1. Extcnfion without limit.

2. Perpetuity; emUcfs duration.

3. The quality of being round without an

end.

The Tropick circles have.
Yea, and thofe fmall ones, which the poles engrave,
All the fame rour.Jiicfs, evcnncfs, and all
The clutlegntjt ot the E^uinoaial. Datnc.

I

END

E'UDLOKC.fli/i/. [^Wand^wf.] InaftrSight
line.

Then fpuriing at fiill fpeed, ran endlong on,

Where Thefeuj fat on his imperial throne. Drydcit.

E'n d m ost. adj. [rnd and m<fi. ] Remoteft ;

fnrtheft ; at the farther end. Did,

To ENDORSE, -v. a. \endorfer, French}

dorfum, Latin.]

1. To regifter on the back of a writing; ta
fuperfcribc.

A French gentleman fpeaking with an EnglKh of
the law falique, the Englllh faid that was meant of
the women themfelves, not of males claiming by
women. The French gentleman faid. Where do you
find that glofs ? The EngUlh anfwered, Look on
the backfide of the record of the law falique, and
there you will findjit eniorjed. Bacon's Af of htbegmt.

Upon credential letten was endorjed mis fuper*
fcription. To the king who hath the fun for hit.
helmet. H<ni.el,

All the letters I can find of vours I have faftencd
in a folio cover, and the reft in tundles endorfed.

Sv)ift to Pope,

2. To cover on the back. This is not ufed.

Chaiiots, or elephants, endors'd with tow'n
Of archerJi Millon't Paradife Regaintdt

Endo'rsement. n.f. [from endorfe.']

1. Superfcription ; writing on the back.

2. Ratification.

Th' endorfemeni of fupreme delight.
Writ by a friend, and with his blood. Heriert,

■To ENDO'W. 1;. a. [indotarr, Latin ; endow
airer, French.]

1. To enrich with a portion.

He (hall furely endmi her to be bis wife. Exodm.

2. To fupply with any external goods.

An alms-Iioufe I intend to endotv very handfomC"
ly for a dozen fuperannuated hufbandmen. Addifon,

3. To enrich with any excellence.

1 at firit with two fair gifts
Created him endow'd; with happincfs
And immortality; that fondly lolt.
This other ferv'd but to eternize woe. Milton,

Among thofe who are the moft richly endowed by
nature, and accompliflied by their own indultr^', how
few are there whofe virtues arc notobfcured ? Addif,

God did never command us to believe, nor hia
minillers to preach, any do^nne contrary to lherea«
fan he halh plcafed to endou> us with. Stuffi,

4. To be the fortune of any one.

1 do not think
So fait an outward, and fuch ftufl"within,
Endov/s a man but him. Shakefpeare' e Cymbeline,

Ekdo'wment. n.f. [from f»i/9Tt>.]

1. Wealth bellowed to any perfon or ufc.

2. The beftowing or affuring a dower ; the
fetting forth or fevering a fufficient por-
tion ibr a vicar towards his perpetual
maintcn.nnce, when the benefict is appro-
priated. Ctnuel,

3. Appropriation of revenue.

A chapel will I build, wilh large endovmtnl,

Dryden.

4. Gifts of nature. In this fenfe it is com-
monly plural.

By a delirc of fame, great endo^-ments are not
fuH'ered to lie idle and ufelcfs to the publtck. Addifon,

If providence fliews itfclf even in the blemifhes of
thcfe creatures, how much more does it difcover
itfclf in their feveral Mjcwmfs/r, according to the
condition in which they are polled? Addifoa,

To Endu'e. -v. a. [indut>, Lat.]

I. To fupply with mental excellencies; to

invert with intclletflual powers.

Endue them with thy holy Spirit. Ci-mmon Prayer,

Wifdom was Adam's inftruii^or in Paradife : wif-

dom endued the fathers, who lived before the law,

wilh the knowledge of holy things. Hooker,

Thcfe banith'd men that I have kept withal.
Are men endu'dWith worthy qualiUCJ, Sbake/feare.
Willi what c»fe>

Eitdi/'d

END

InJu'J with rojal virtues as thou art|
Might'ft thou expel this monfter from his throne?

Mi'toK.

Whatfoever other knowledge a man may be en -

i/o^Vf/ withal, lie is but an .^.lorant perlbn who doth

not know God, the author ol his being. TiUoiJon.

Every ChrilUan is endued with a power, whereby

he is enabled to ie5il and conquer temptations.

Tllloifen.

2. In the following paflage it feems incor-

reftly printed for endmu.
Leah faid, God hath endued me with a good

dowry. Gen.

Endu'rance. II. f. \ixom endure, '\

1. Continuance; laftingnefs.

Some of them are of very great anti(]uity and con-
tinuance, others more late and of lefs endurance.

Sfenfer'i Irclaad.

2. Patience; fufferance.

Great things of fmall
One can create ; and in what place foe'er
Thrive under evil, and work eafe out of pain.
Through labour and endurance, MUton.

Their fortitude was moft admirable in their pte-
fence ani endurance of all evils, of pain, and of
death. Temple.

3. State of fuffering.

I would fain know whether that man takes a ra-
tional courfe to prefervc himfelf, whs rcfufes the
endur.ance oi iiKk higher troubles, to fecure himfelf
from a condition in6nitely more miferable? Saulb.

4. Delay; procraftination. Obfolete.

I Ihould have ta'en fome pains to bring together
Yourfelf and jrour accufers, and have heard you,
Without«i/»ra«« further. Sbakeff. Henry\lll

ToEUDU'KE. -v. a. [enJurer,F teach; du-
rare, Latin.]

1. To bear; to fuftain ; to fupport un-
broken.

_ The hardnefs of bodies Is caufed chiefly by the
jejunenefs of the fpirits, and their imparity with the
Ungiblc parts, which make them not only hand, but
fragile, and left enduring of preffurc. Baon.

Both were of Ihinmg Iteel, and wrought fo pure.
As might the llrokes of two fuch arms endure. Drjd.

2. To bear with patience.

So dear I love him, that with him all deaths
1 could M</«rc; without him, live no life. Milan.

The gout haunts ufually the eafy and the rich,
the nice and the laiy, who grow to endure much, be-
caufe they can rai/arc little. Temble.

By thine own tongue thou art condemn 'd, and muft
EndureoMt Uw. Shakejfear'i CjmMine.

Takmg into the city all fuch things as they thought
needful for the enduring of the liege, they dellroyed
»" ''« «'■*• KnMei'sHiJi.

3. To untiergo ; to fuftain.

I w Ih to die, yet dare not death ?»</««. Dryd.

4. To continue in. Not ufed.

The deer Mi/arf/i the womb but eight months,
and is complete at fix years. Brawn' 1 Vulg, Err.
To Endu're. v. n.

1. To laft ; to remain ; to continue.

Labour not for the meat which pchfheih, but for
that meat which«i/ir«/A unto everlalfing life. %i».

Doth the crowo tndute to every generation i

_ Praverti.

By being able to repe»t meafures of time, or ideas
of dated length of duration in our mind;, we can
imagine duration, where nothing does really endure
*>■■*«'*• Licke.

A charm that Ihilt to age endure
The mind benevolent and pure. yincn.

2. To brook ; to bear ; to admit.

For how can I endure to fee the evil that fhall

come unto my people > Or how can I en.lure to fee

the deftruCtion 01 my kindred > EJlh. viii. 5.

Our great Englilh lords could not endure that any

kings ftiould reign in Ireland but themfelvesj nay

they could hardly endure that the crown of England

(hould have any power over them. Dm^ie4

Ekdu'rer. n.f. {Uom endure.]

I . One that can bear or endure ; fufiainer •

fuflcrer, '

E N E

They are very valiant and hardy ; for the meft
part great enduren of cold, labour, hunger, and all
hardincfs. Spenfer.

2. Continuer ; latter.

E'ndwise. adv. [end and tui/e.] Ereftly;
uprightly ; on end.

A rude and unpolilhed America, peopled with
flothful and naked Indians, living in pitiful huts and
cabbin5,madeof poles fetendwife. Rayon theCrrat.

To E'nec ATE. 'V. a. [eneco, Lat.j To kill ;
to deftroy.

Some plagues partake of fuch a pernicious degree

of malignity, that, in the jnannerof amoftprefen.

taneous poifon, they enecate in two or three hours,

fuddenly corrupting or extinguilhing the vital fpirits.

Harvey on the Plague,

E'nemy. w./, [en?umi, French; iuimkus,

Latin.]
I. A publick foe.

Ail thefe ftatutes fpeak of EnglilJi ftbels and Irilh
enemies, as if the Irilh had never been in condition
of fubjedls, but always out of the protedlion of the
'»*• Daviei on Ireland.

The enemy thinks of raifing threcfcore thoufand
men for the next fummer. Addifan on tie kVar.

z. A private opponent; an antagonift.

I fay unto you, love your enemiet. Mall.

3. Any one who regards another with ma-
levolence ; not a friend.

Kent in difguife,
Foltov'd his enemy king, and did him fervice
Improper for a (lave. Sbakeff eare' i King Lear

4. One that diflikes.

He that defignedly nfes ambiguities, ought to be
looked on as an enemy to truth and knowledge. Locke.

Bold is the critick, who dares prove
Thele heroes were no friends to love ;
And bolder he who dares aver.
That they were enemies to war. Prior.

J. [In theology.] The fiend ; the devil.

Defend us from the danger of the enemy.

Common Prayer,

E:jerce'tick. adj. [t»ifyuT<x«s.]
I. Forcible; aftive ; vigorous} powerful
in efieft ; efficacious.

Thefe miafms entering the body, are not fo ener-
geiick as to venerate tlic entire mafs of blood in an
inrt^nt. _ Harvey.

t. Operative; aftive ; working; not at relt.

If then we will conceive of God truly, and, as
far as we can, adequately, we muft look upon him
not only as an eternal Being, but alfo as a Being
eternally energelick. Crew

E'NERGY. »./. [i.fjvi.'«.]

1. Power not exerted in aftion.

They are not efleflive of any thing, nor leave no
work behind them, but are enerriej merely; for
their working upon mirrours, and places of echo,
doth not alter any thing in thofc bodies. Bacon.

2. Force; vigour; efficacy; influence.

Whether with particles of heavenly fire
The God of nature did his foul infpire ;
Or earth, but new divided from the Ikv,
And pliant llill, retain'd th' ethereal energy. Dryd.
Cod thinketh with operation infinitely perleflj
with an omnipotent as well as an eternal energy.

(jretu.
Beg the bleffed Jefus to give an energy to your
imperfcft prayers, by his molt powerful inieiteirion.
.... Smalridge.

What but God !
Infpiring God ! who, bou«dlefs fpirit all,
And unremitting energ y, pervades,
AJjufts, fullains, and agitates the whole. Thomjon,

3. faculty ; operation.

Matter, though divided into the fubiileft parts,
moved fwillly, is fcnlclefs and ftupid, and makes
no approach to vital energy. Ray.

H jw can conculhon 01 atoms beget fclf-tonfciouf-
nefj, and powers and energiet that we feel in our
minds? BeniUy.

4. Strength of expredion ; force of figni-
ficatioa; fpirit j liie.

E N F

Who did ever, in French authours, fee
o ^mprehenfive Englilh energy f Ro/commen.
Swift and ready and familiar communication ii
made by fpeech ; and, when animated by elocution,
it acquires a greater life and energy, ravilhing and
captivating the hearers. Holder.

Many words deferve to be thrown out of our lan-
guage, and not a few antiquated to be rcftored, on
account of their energy and found . Swift.

VoEne'rvate. 1;. ?/. [enervo, "Lzt.] To
weaken ; to deprive of force ; to emaf-
culate.

Great empires, while they ftand, do enenate and
deftroy the forces of the natives which they have
fubdued, refting upon their own protedling forces^

Bacon.

5>heepi(h foftnefsoften enervates thofe who arc bred

like fondlings at home. Locke.

On each enervate ftring they taught the note.
To pant, or tremble through an eunuch 's throat. Pope.
Footmen exercifc themfclves, whilft their ener.
vated lords are foftly lolling in their chariots.

Arbuthnot and Pope.

Enerva'tion. »./. [£mmc}iei-^e.]

1. The aft of weakening; eraafculation.

2. Theftate of being weakened; effeminacv.
ToEne'rve. t^.fl. [f«.Tio,Lat.] To weak-
en ; to break the force of; to crulh.

We (hall be able to folve and enerve theii force.

Such objeiS hath the pow'r to foft'n .inj tame
Severert temper, fmooih the rugged'ft brow,
Ener-ue, and with voluptuous hope diflblve. Miltin.
ToEnfa'mish. -v. a. \ixom famijh,] To
ftarve; to famifh; to kill with hunger.

Dia.
ToEnfee'bLE. "v. a. \ixQ\x\ fcelle,] To
weaken ; to enervate ; to deprive oi
ftrength.

I've belied a lady.
The princefs of this country ; and the air on't
Revcngingly enfetLles me. Sh.ikeffearc's Cymirline.
My people are with fi;knefs much enfeebled. Shak.
Much hath hell debas'd, and pain
EnfeeWd me, to what I was in heav'n ! Milton.
_ Some employ their time in affairs belnw the dig-
nity of thtir perfons ; and being called by God, or
the republick, to bear great bu:dens, do enftel/le
their underltandings by fordid and brutilh bufiiiefs.
Taylor's Rule if li-ving boly.
Sure, nature form'd me of herfofteil mold,
Enfeebled all my foul with tender palTions,
And funk me even below ray own weak lex. Addif.

ToENFE'OFF.'u. a. \feoffamenium, low-
Latin.] To inveft with any dignities or
poCellions. A law term.

If the eldell fon enfeoff the fecond, referving ho-
mage, and that homage paid, and then the lecond
fon dies without ilfue, it will defccnd to the eldell as
heir, and the feignory is extinct. Hale,

Enfe'offment. '«.y; [Uom enfeoff .1

1. The aft of enfeoffing.

2. The inllruracnt or deed by which one is
inverted with poffeffions.

ToEnfe'tter. 11. a. [from _/;//cr.] To

bind in fetters; to encnain. Not in ufe.
His foul is fo cnfelter'd to her love.

That Ibc may make, unnuke, do what Ihc lift.

Hbai^ejpcare.
ENFILADE, n,f. [Fr.] A ftrait pailage;

any thing through which a right line may

be drawn. Military term.
7a En fii.a'de. •!/.«. [from the noun.] To

pierce in a right line.

The avenues being cut through the wood in right
lines, were enjiladed by the Spanilh cannon.

Expedition to Cartbagena,
TeENFi'RE, -v. a, [from /;■<■.] To tire j
to fet on fire ; to kindle. Obfolete.

So hard thofc heavenly beauties he enjir'd,
A« things divioe, leaft paflions du imprers. Stcnftr.

T»

E N F

7'jFnfo'«.ce. •». rt. [f»/Ji-i;V, French.]
I. To give ftrength to j to ilrengthen ; to

invigorate.
?. To make or gain by force.

Tht idle ftrofcc, enforcing furious w»yi
Mifling the mirk of his miUimcd fight,
Did fall to ground. Fairy S^tjetn.

Som-thnes with lunatk bans, fomclimes with
jfrxy'n
Knforct their charity. ShtktfpcAre' s King Lear.

3. 'I'o put \n\i\ by .violence.

Skcr away as fivift as ftoncs
Efifrrccii from ihcold Affyrian flings. Sbakrff.

4. To inlligatc; to provoke ; to urge on ;
•to .iiumate.

Fear gave her wings, and rage tnforc'd my flight
Tiirougl) woods and plains. Fairy Hiuetn.

If you knew to whom you Hiew this lionour,
1 know you would be prouder of the work.
Than cullomary bounty can ttijhrce you. Shait/f.

5. To urge with energy.

All revoke
Your ignorant clediion ; itiforee his pride,
A;)d his old hate to you. Shakffp, Coriolafius.

He prevailed with him, by enforcing the ill con-
fcijueace of his refufal to take the office, which
would be interpreted to his dillike of the court.

Clarendon.

To avoid all appearance of difaffedion, I have
taken care to enforce loyalty by an invincible argu-
meat. Sivi/t,

6. To compel ; to conllrain.

For competence of life I will allow you.
That lack of means ^(j/ocft- you nottoevil. Sbakefp.

A juli difd'iin conceived by that queen, that fo
wicked a rebel Ihould prevail againll her, did move
and almolt enforce her to fend over that mighty
army. Vav,es on Ireland,

7. To prefs with a charge. Little ufed.

In this point charge him home, that he alfeils
Tyrannick pow'r : If he evade us there.
Enforce him with his envy to the people.
And that the fpoils got on the Antiates
Was ne'er diilributed> Shukefb. Corlolanus.

ToEnfo'rce. f. «. To prove; to evince;
to fhew beyond contradiction.

Which laws in fuch cafe we muft obey, unlefs
there be reafon fliewed, which may neceifarily en-
_/<>;<-( that the law of reafon, or of God, doth enjoin
the contrary. Hooker,

Enfo'rce. n. /. [iiom force,'] Povk-er ;
ftrength. Not ufed.

He now dcKcs thee thrice to fingle fight,
As a petty enterprife of fmall enforce, Milion.

E^fFo'RCEULT, adv. [from enforce.'] By
violence ; not voluntarily ; not fponta-
neoufly; not by choice.

If thou did'ft put this fow'r cold habit on.
To caftigate thy pride, 'twere well, but thou
Doll it enforcedly : thou'dll courtier be,
Wert tliou not beggar. Sbakeffeare't Timon.

Enfo'rcement. ti.f. [from er/force.]
I. An aft of violence ; compuluon ; force
offered.

Confcfs 'twas hers, and by what rough enforcem-nt
You got it from her. Sbakcfpeare.

He that contendeth againft thefc exforccmrntt,
may eafily maderor refill tl>cm. Raleigh' t HiJIory.

Zs Sanftion ; that which gives force to a
lanr.

The rewards and punifliments of anol'her life,
which the Almighty has eftablilhed as the tnfnrce-
■wn/jof hislaw, are of weight enough to determine
the choice. l.ocke.

3. Motive of convidion; urgent evidence.

The peribtul defcent of God himfcif, and his af-
fumption of our flelh to his divinity, was an en-
forcement beyond all the methods of wifdom that
were ever made ufe of in the world. Hammond

4. Prefling exigence.

Mure than I havefaid.
The leifure and enforcement of the time
I'wbids to dwell on. Shtkef, Rid. Ill,

E N G

Rkpo'rcbR. a», /. [(torn ettfirfe.] Cotti-
pcller ; one who ctfefts by violence.

VVhcn a man tumbles a cj linder or roller down an
hill, 'lis certain tiiat the man is the violent en-
forcer of the fiiil motion of it. Hammond.

EsFo'uLDRHD, aJj, [homfinflre, French.]
Mixed with lightning. Obfolete.

Heart cannot think what courage and what crieti
With (oMenfiu/dred fnio.ik and rialhing hre.
The bell-bred bcall thicw lorih uuio tlie Ikies. "

F'aiiy ^ueen,

7oEnfra'nchise. 1). a. [from//-<i»f^j/f.]

1. To admit to the privileges of a freeman

The Englilhcolonifis, and fome feplsofihc Irifliry,
nfranchijcd by fpecial diartcrs were admitted to
the beneHt of the laws. Davies.

Romulus was the natural parent of all thofe people
th.it were the tirft inhabitants of Rome, or of diofe
that were after incorporated ani enfranchifed into
that name, "city, or government. Hale.

2. To fet free from flavery.

Men, forbearing wine, come fr"m drinkinghealths
to a draught at a meal ; and, la(l:y, to difcontinuc
altogether: but if a man have the fortitude and re-
folution to enfrancbife himfelf at once, that is the
bell. Bacon's Ejfays.

If they won a battle, prifoners became flaves, and
continued foin tlieir generations, m\Wiienfiamuiffd
by their mafters. Temple.

3. To free or releafe from cuftody.

His miftreft
Did hold his eyes lockt in her cryllal looks.
— Belike, th.it now (heliath enfnincbis'd them,
Upon fome other paw« for fealty Sbakefpeare.

4. To denizen; to endenizen.

Thefc woids have been enfrancbifed amongft us.

Watli.

En»Ra'nchiseMENT. n.f. [from enfran-
cbife.] * _

1. Inveftiture of the privilege of a denizen.

The incorporating a man into any rL>ciety, or body
politick. For example, he that is by charier made
denizen of England, is faid to be entranchifed ; and
fo is he that is made a citizen of London, or other
city, or burgcfs of any town corporate, becaufe he is
made partaker of thole liberties that appertain to the
corporation, Couiel.

His coming hither hath no farther fcopc,
Than for his lineal royalties, and to b:g
Enfranchifement immediate on hij knees, Shakef

2. Releafe from prifon or from flavery.

Never did captive with a freer heart
Call oil* his chains of bondage, and embrace
His golden unconuouVd enfrancbifeme/it. Sbakef.

Enfro'zen. particip. [from /)-o3^«. ] Con-
gealed with cold. Not ufed.

Yet to augment the anguilh of my finart.
Thou haft enffoxen her difd.iinful bread,
That no one drop of pity there doth rell. Sptnfer.

To ENGAGE. i>. a. [^engager, French.]
I. To make liable for a debt to a creditor.

1 have engag'd myfcif to a dear friend,
Engag'd my friend to his mere enemy.
To feed my means. Suakefpean's Mercb. of Venice,

z. To impawn ; to ftake.

They moft perfidioufly condemn
Thofe that engag'd their lives for them. Hudibrai.

3. To enlift ; to bring into a party.

Ail wicked men are of a party ag.iinll religion :
fome lult or intercllf'r^^'^f/i them .igainll it. TilLlf.

4. To embark in an affair.

So far had we f«^«^'iourfelvcs, unfortunate fouls,
that we lilted not to complain, fincc our complaints
could not but carry the greatclt accufation to our-
felves. Hidnty.

Before I engage myfcif in giving any anfwei to
this o^jcclion of iiiconfuipptiblc lights, I would fee
llie ei15.fl certainly averred. F)ighy.

5. To unite; to attach ; to make adlierent.

Good-naturc engages every body to him. Addifon.

6. To induce ; to win by pleafing means ; to
gain.

E N G

To vi'vf duly he could minds txgtjt.
Provoke their courage, and command (heirra{t,

WalUr,

His beauty thefe, and thofe hit blooming age,
The rell his houfe and his own fame engage. Dry J,

So (hall I court thy dearcft truth.
When beauty ceafes to engage ;

So thinking on ihy charming youth,
I'll love it o'er again in age. Prior.

7. To bind by any appointment or contraft.

We have been Hrm to our allies, without de-
clining any expence to which we had engaged our.
felvei, and we have cvco exceeded our engagement.

Atlerbury^

8. To feize by the attention : as, he waa
deeply engaged in converfation.

g. To employ ; to hold in bufinefs.
Fori fliall fing of battles, blood, and rage.
Which princes and tlteir peorlc did engage. Drjden,

10. To encounter; to ^ght.

The rebel knave, who dares his prince erg.ige.
Proves the juft viftim of his royal rage. Pope^

JeENG a'ge. -v. ».
J. Toconflid; to fight.

Upon advciurement of the Scots amy, the earl
of HalU:id was fent with a body to meet and engage
with it. Clarendon.

2, To ciubark in any bufmefs 5 to enlift ia
any party.

'Tis not indeed my talent toeegage
In lolt) trifles, or to Ivvell my page
With wind and noifc. Dryden't Pcrfiitt,

Eng&'geme NT. nf. [iiomengage, engage-
ment, French.]

1. The aft of engaging, impawning, oe
making liable to a debt.

2. Obligation by contraft.

We have, in expence, exceeded our engagemeiitf.

■ Atterbury^

3. Adherence to aparty or caufe ; partiality.

This pradticc may be obvious to any who impar*
tially, and without engagement, is at the pains to
examine. Svifi,

4. Employmentof the attention.

Play, cither by our too conftant or too long engage*
ment ill it, becomes like an employment or profcllion.

Rogers,

5. Fight ; conflift ; battle. A word \ztj
poetical.

Our army, led by valiant Torrifmond,
Is now in hot engagement with the Moors. Dryden,

Encourag'd by defpair, or obllinate
To fall like men in arms, fome dare renew.
Feeble engagement, meeting glorious fate
On the firm land. Philips,

6. Obligation ; motive.

This is the %tCib:A engagement not to forfeit an
opportunity. Hamm,

ToEi^ G a'ol. t). a. [from gaol.] To impri-
fon ; to confine.

Within my mouth you have engaol'd my ton^o,
Douhlyportcullis'd with my teeth and lips.' Sbakef.
To Enga'rrison. v. a. [horn garrifon.]
To proteft by a garrifon.

Neptune with a guard doth engarrifon licr ftrongly.

HoiL-el.
To Ence'nder. -v. a. [engendrer, French.]

1. To beget between diffeieot fexes.

I TJiU ballard love is enrenderej betwixt luft itA
idlcnefs.

2. To produce ; to form.

Oh nature I thou, who of the felf.fame mettle.
Whereof thy proud child, arrogant man i%putVt,
Engender'^ the black toad and ailjer blue. Sbakef,

Again, if fouls do other fouls btget,
*Tis by themfelvcs, or by the b;)dy's pow'r :

If by tbemfclvc:^, what doth their working let.
But they might fouls enaender ev 'ry hour ? Davies,

3. To excite ; to caufe ; to produce.

Say, can you fall ? Your fiomaclis arc too young,
And abftinence engenden maladies. Sbakefpeare.

The prcfcnce ot a king engenders love
AmoDgll hisl'ubjc^ and his loyal friends. Sbakefp.

ThiK

E N G

Th»t tngejfifrs rhonder in his breaft.
And malces him roar thcfc accufarions forth. Shake/.

It unloads the mind, engenders thoughts, and
animates virtue. Addijln.

4. To bring forth.

Vice engenders ftiame, and foUy brood's o'er grief.

Prior.

ToEnge'nder. <v.n. To be caufed ; to
be produced.
Thick clouds »re fpread, and ftorms engender there.

Dryden,

E'NGINE. n. /. [engitt, French ; ingegm,

Italian.]
r. Any mechanical complication, in which

various movements and parts concur to

one effeft.

2. A military machine.

This is our engine, towers that overthrows;
Our fpear that hurts, our fwoid that wounds our dots.

Fm<f.

3. Any inftrument.

The fword, the arfow, the gijn, with many ttr-
riblc fM^/«?i of death, v> iTl be well employed. RMtigb,

He ukes the fciffars, and extends
The Httie engine on his finger ends. Fi>fe.

4. Any initruraent to throw water upon
barning houfes.

Some cut the pipes, uidlbme the »r^''Ki play; >
fkoi fomc, more bold, mount laddcr&to the lire.

Dryden,

5. Any means ufed to bring to pafs, or to
efFecl. Ufually in an ill fenfc.

Prayer mull be divine and heavenly, which the
devil with all his engines io violently oppofeth.

Duppa^s Ruleif'jr Devotion.

6. An agent for another. In contempt.

They had ih^ efpecial engines been, to rear,
His fortunes up into tlic Hate they were. Daniel.

Encine'ek. ». /. [cHgiugitier, French.]
One who manages engines: one who di-
refts the artillery of an army.

For 'tis the fport to have the engineer
IloiH with hii own petard. Sbakefpeare't Hamlet,

Him thus cnrag'd.
Deferring from afar, fome engineer,
Dext'rous to guide th' unerring chaige, defign'd.
By one nice (hot, to terminate the war. Philips.

An aiiThor, who points his fatire at a great man,
is like the engineer who lignalized himTclf by this
ungeiKious pradice. Aidi/on.

E'nci N ERY. »./. [from eng'ine.^

1. T lie aA of managing artillery.

They may defcend in mathem^uicks to fortifica-
tion, architecture, enginery, or navigation. Milton.

2. Engines of war ; artiller)-.

Wc faw the loe
Approaching, grofs and huge, in kollow cube
Training his dev'hlh enginery, ATiltcn.

To Enci'ru. '•J- a. [from gird,~\ To en-
circle; to furround; to environ ; to en-
compafs.

My heart is drown'd with grief,
M/ body round ^fl^.'Vr with mileft;
For what's more mii'erabic than discontent ? Sbakefp.
That gold muli nnind engirt thetc brows of mine.

iibakefpeate.

ETCGLISH. adj, [enjlcf, Saxon.] Be-
longing to England ; thence Engli.t is
the language of England.

He h^ih neither Latin, Fiench, nor Italian ; and
you may come into the court, .inj fwear that 1 have
a poor pennyworth in th: Eiziifl>. Sijaltrfprare.

Of Englijb tale, the coarfer fort i> cal>d ;>lairter,
or parget ; the finer, fpoad. IVondiuard,

I0 E'nclish. v. a. [from the noun.] 'io
tranflatc into Englifh.

The liollow inftrument terebra, we may englijl
piercer. Bjc,n.

We find not a word in the tent can properly be
rendered anife, which is whit the Latins call ane-
thum, and properly <//g//yZ>r^ dill. Brvwn.

Jii Enclu t. -v. a. [enghutir, French.]
Vol, I.

E N G

1. To fwallow up. It is now little ufed in
any (enfe.

Neither my place, nor ought I heard of bufincfs,
Hilh rais'd me from mji bed; nor doth the general
Take hold on me : lor my particular grief
£,r^/wrjandfwallowsotlicr forrows. . Sbakefpeare,

Certainly, thou artfo near the gulf,
Thou needs muft be engiuttej. Shake/. IfenryV.

How many prodigal bits have Haves and pe<ilants
This night englutied! Sbaie/peare't Tinun,

2. To fill.

Whofe grieved minds, which cholerdid engJur,
Againfl themlclves turning their u^rathfulfpight.

_ , Spin/cr.

3. To glut; to pamper. ; ,.

Being once englumd with vanity, he will llrai^U-
way loath all learning. A/cham^s Schoo'mitjler.

To Eng o'm. 'V. a. [from gore.'] To pierce ;
to prick. Not ufed.

' As favage bull, whom two 6erce maflifls bait,
When rancour doth with rage him once engorcf
Forgets with wary ward them to await.
But with hisdreadful horns them drives afore. Spen/.
To Engo'rge, 'V. a. [from jfor^?, Frcncii,
a throat.] To fwallow ; to devour ; to
gorge.

Tlien fraught with rancour and engorged in.
He call at once him to avenge for all, Spen/r.

Tliat is the gulf of grcedincfs, they fay.
That deep engcrgeth all this world is prey. Spe'/er.

To En'go'rce. I", tt. To devour; to feed
with eagemefs and voracity ; to riot.

Gitcdiiy flie engorg'd without rellraim.
And knew not eating death ? Milton's Par. I^fi.

To Engra'il. 1; a. [{mm gre/e, French,
hail.] To variegate; to fpot as with
hail. A word now nfcd only in heraldry,
for to indent in curve lines,

j^acides then Qicws

A long lance, and a caldron, new, engrail'd with

twenty hues. Chapman's Jlitids.

Polwhecl beareih a faultier <r;>^ir//',/. Car,^L>.

To Encr a'i n. 1'. n. [from grain'] To die

deep ; to die in gram.

See thou how frcih my flowers being fpttad.
Dyed in lilie white and crimfon red.
With leaves engrai/i'd in lully green. Spen/.

To Encrapfle. v, a. [dom gra/i/>/e.] 'I'o
clofe with) to contend with hold on each
other.

There (hall young Hotfpur, with a fury led,
Engrappleviilh thy fon, as fierce as he. Daniel.

To LxGRASP. i\ a. [from gra/p.] To
feize ; to hold fad in the hand ; to gripe.

Now 'gall Pyrocles wax as wood as he,
And him affronted with impatient might;
And both together fierce *»^r*i/jE»f(^ he.
Whiles Cuyon (landing by, their uncoutli flrife does
fee. Spen/.

ToEngra've. I,', a, preter. engra'ved; part,
pair, engra'ved or engraveu. [engraver,
French.)

1. '1 o piftureby incifions in any matter.

Her ivory forehead, full of bounty brave,
Like a bread table, did itfelf difpread.
For love hn lofty triumphs to engrave.
And ivritethe battles of his great godhe.id. Fairy ^.

O'er all, the heav'n's refulgent image (hines ;
On either gate were (ii engraven figns. Addi/on.

Names Irelli ingfjv^d appcar'd of wits rcnown'd ;
I look'd again, not could their trace be found. Pope.

2. To mark wood or flone.

Engrave the two Hones with the names.

Ex. xxviil. II.

3. To imprefs deeply ; to imprint.

It will fcarce fccm pciTil>lc, that God (hfluld en-
grave principles, in men's minds, in words of un-
certain (ignification. /..ocke.
Our Saviour makes this return, fit to be en-
graven in the heart:, of all promoters of charily.

Aller^ury,
Pounds which addrcfi the ear, are loft and die
' l&snt Sauil hjui ; but lliai which Itiikcf the eye,

E N H

Lives long upon the mind : the faithful (ight
Engraves the knowledge with a beam of light, ti'aiti.
4. [frsra grave.] To bury; to inhume,;
to inter.

The fun had charge of them, now being dead,
111 feemly fort their corfcs to engrave,
And deck with dainty flowers their bridal bed. Spen/.
Engra'ver. ft. /. [from engrave,] A cut-
ter in ftone or other matter.

Images are not made in the brain itfelf, as the
pencil of a painter or e»^rai/fr makes the images in
the table, but ate imprinted in a wonderful method
in the foul. Hair,

To EngrigVe. V, o. [from grieve.] To
pain ; to vex ; to afflift ; to difconfolate.

The gnawing anguifh, and (harp jealoufy,
Which his fad fpccch infixed in my breaft.

Rankled fo fore, and feftet'd inwardly.
That my engrieved m\ai could find no rell. Fairy ^

Aches, and hurts, and cords, do engrieve either
towards rain, or towards froft. Bacon's Nat. HiJI.
To Engro'ss. -v. a. [grq/Jir, French.]

1. To thicken ; to make thick.

But more happy he than wife.
Of that Tea's natuiedid him not avife;
The waves thereof fo llo\v and llufgilh were,
Engro/'d with mud, whichd:J them foul agrieft,
That every weighty thing tliey did upbear. Fairy S^.

2. To encreafe in bulk.

Though pilbrs, by channeling, be feemingly m~
grojfed 10 our fight, yet they arc truly weakened in
thcmfelves. H'otton,

3. To fatten ; to plump up.

Not fleepiog, to engro/s his idle body;
But praying, toenrich his watchful foul. Shakf/,

4. To feize in the grofs ; to feize the whole
of any thing.

I r thou engrojfcft all the gtiefs as thine,
Thnu robb'll m« of a moiety. Sbake/peare,

Thofc two great things that fo engre/s the defiles
and deligns of both the nobler and ignobler fort of
mankind arc to be found in religion; namely,
wifdomand plcalure. South,

A dog, a parrot, or an ape.
Or fome woric brute. in human fliape,
Engro/s the fancies of the fair. Sivi/i,

5. I o purchafe the whole of an)' commo-
dity for the fake of felling at a high price.

6. To copy in a large hand.

Here is the iudidmcnt of the good lord H.iftingt.
Which in a fct hand fairly is engro/s'd. Shake/.

A clerk, foredoom 'd his father's ibul to crofs.
Who pens a ftaiiza when hethould engru/s. Pop",
Ekgro'sser. n. /. [from engrc/s.] He
that purchafes large quantifies of any
commodity, in order to fell it at a high
price.

A new fort of engrojjirs, or foreflallers, having
the feeding and fupplyiiig this numerous body of
workmen in the woollen manufaflurcs, out of their
warchoufes, fet the price upon the poor landholder.

Locke,
Engro'ssment. »./. [from Mrg-ro/},] Ap-
propriation of things in the grofs ; exor-
bitant acquifition.
Our thighs are pack't with wax, our mouths with
honey :
We bring it to the hive ; and, like the bees,
Are murdcr'd for our pains I This bitter tafte
Yield his engroj/ments to the dying father. Shake/p.
Thofe held their immoderate engroj/tnentsoi^awzi
and favour by no other tenure than prefumption.

Svilfr.
To Engua'rd. t'. a. [from guard.] To
proteft; to defend; to furround as guards.
Not ufed.

A hundred knights ! yes, that on ev'ry dream
He may f»fg<rar</ his dotage with their pow'rs,
And hold out lives at mercy. Shake/. King Lear.
To Enha'nCE. v. a, [hatij/er, enhau/fer,

French.]
I. To lift up; toraifeon high. A fenfc
now obfoU'tCi
4 R »otl«

E N J

B«th of them high at once their hands ntanc'J,
And both at onte their huge blows down did fway.

Z, To raife; to advance; to heighten in
price.

The defire of money is every where the fame ! its
vent vdries very liitlc, but as its greater rcan.'ity en-
tancti its price, and incrtafes the fcramble. Lcickc.

3. To raife in efteem.

What is it but the experience of want that f<r-
itf<»r« (he value of plenty? L'EJlranfrf,

The remembrance of the diBRculties we now un-
dergo, will contribute to enhance our pleafure.

/ttlcrtuyy,

4. To aggravate; to increafe from bad to
worfe.

To believe or pretend that whatever our hearts
Incite is the will of God within us, is the principle
of villainy that hath afled in the children of dif-
obedience, enbaneed and improved with circum-
ftances of greater impudence than the mod abo-
minable heathens were guilty of. Hammond.

The relation which thofe children bore to the
priefthood, contributed to enkance their guilt, apd
increafe their puniihment. Alurbiiry.

Enha'ncement. n.f.\\.ict\a enhance.^

1. Encreafe; augmentation of value.

Their yearly rents arc not improved, the land-
lords making no lefs gain by tines than by enhance-
ment of rents. ^ _ Bacim.

2. Aggravation ; increafe of ill.

Jocular llanders have, from the flightnefs of the
temptation, an enbanciment of guilt.

Government of the Tongue.

ENI'GMA. ». /. [eetiigma, Lat. amy /«-«.]

A riddle; an obfcurequeftion ; apofition

exprefled in remote and ambiguous terms.

The dark er.ifma will allow
A meaning; which, if well I underftand,
From facrilege will free the god's command. Dryd.
A cuftom was amongft the ancients of propoling
an enigma at feftivals, and adjudging a reward to
him that folved it. Pofe.

Enigma'tical. ailj. [homeetiigma.']

1. Obfcure; ambiguoufly or darkly ex-
preffed.

Your anfwer, fir, is entgmatieal. Shakefp.

Enigmatical deliveries comprehend ufcful vc-
•itics; but being m'lftaken by liberal ejtpolitors at
Srrt, they have been mifunderltood by moll fince.

Jiro^vn's ru/gar Erroups.

Whilil they aflefl enigmalica/ obfcurity, they
•uz2le the readers of their divulged proceffes. Sojie.

Athenzus gives inftances of the enigmaticaJ pro-
pofttions in ufe at Athens, and of the forfeitures
and rewards upon the folution or nonfoluiion.

Brocire'j Notes on the Odyjfey.

2. Cloudy; obfcurely conceived or appre-
hended.

Faith here is the alTent to thofe things which come
10 us by hearing, and are fo believed by adherence,
01 dark enigmatical knowledge, but hereafter are
feen or known demonftratively. Hammond,

Enicma'tically. /7i/i'. [from <■»/>/««.] In
a fenfe different from that which the
words in their familiar acceptation imply.

liomer fpeaks enigmatically, and intends that
thefe monliers are merely the creation of poetrv.

Brocite.
Eni'gm.'Ctist. n.f. [from r^/fwa.] One
who deals in obfcure and ambiguous mat-
ters; maker of riddles.

That 1 roay deal more ingenuoufly with my reader
than the abovcmentioiied c-m^wa///? has done, I Ihall
prefcnt him with a key to my riddle. Addijon,

To ENJCIN. -u. a. \enjpindre, French.] To
direft; to order; to prefcribe. It is more
authoritative than direil, and lefs impe-
rious th.".n command.

To fjtiify the good old man,
I would' bend under any heavy weight
■ih*l ht 'U rV"'" »« »• Hbaliijf. Mmi Mi.

E N L

Monkt and philofophers, and fuch as do conti-
nually enjoin themfelvcs. Bacon's Natural Hijlory.

It endeavours to fccurc every man's intereit, by
enjoining that truth and fidelity be inviolably prc-
fcrvcd. Tillotfon.

Enju'iner. «r. /. [from«yV».] One who
gives injutiftions. Di^.

Enjo'inment. tt. /. [from enjoin.'] Di-
redlion ; command.

Critical trial (hould be made by publick emoln-
mcnt, whereby determination might be fettled be-
yond debate. Biown's Vulgar Errours.
TiENJO'y. v. a. [Jucir, enkuir, French,]

1. To feel or perceive with pleafure; to
have a pleafing fenfe of; to be delighted
with.

I could enjoy the pangs of death,
And fmilc in agony. Addifon's Cato.

2. To obtain pofleffion or fruition of.

Edward the laint, in whom it pleafed God, righte-
ous and juft, to let England fee what a blefling Cn
and iniquity would not fuffer it to enjoy. Hooker,

He, who, to enjoy
Plato's elyfium, leap'd into the fea,
Cleombrotus. Milton's Ptradife Lojl.

3. Topieafi:; to gladden; to exhilarate ; to
glad; to -delight. This fenfe is ufual
with the reciprocal pronoun, and is de-
rived from enjouir.

Creatures arc made to enjoy themfelvcs, as well as
to ferve us. More.

When a man (hall, with a fober, fedate, diabolical
rancour, look upon and enjoy himfelf in the fight
of his neighbour's fin and (hame, can he plead the
inlligation of any appetite in nature ? South.

To ENjo'y. -v. ft. To live in happinefs.

Then I (lull be no more I
And Adam, wedded to another Eve,
Shall live with her enjoying, I exlinft. Milton,
Enjo'yer. n. f. [from enjoy.] One that
has fruition or poffefTion. DiB.
Enjo'yment. ?/./. [from f»/oy.] Pleafure;
happinefs ; fruition.
His hopes and expeditions are bigger than his en-
joyments. 'Jillatjon.

ToEnki'nulb. -v. a. [from kindle.]

1. To fet on fire; to inflame ; to put in a
flame.

Edmund, enkindle all the fparks of nature
To quit this horrid ai£l. Shakcff. Kin^ Lear.

2. To roufe paflions; to fet the foul into a
flame.

Your hand
Gave fign for me to leave you : fo I did,
Fearing to ftrengthen that impatience.
Which feem'd too much enkindled. Sbakeffeare.

3. To incite to any aft or hope.

Do you not hope your chiidicn (hall be kings.
When thofe who gave the thane of Cawder to me,
Promis'd no lefs to them ?

That, trulled home.

Might yet enkindle you unto the crown. Shukrfp.
To Enlarge. T. a. \cnlargir, French.]

1 . To make greater in qi»antity or appear-
ance.

The wall, in luftre and eflfcfl like glafs.
Which o'er each objcdl catling various dyes,
Enlarges fome, and others multiplies. Pope.

2. To encteafe any thing in magnitude ; to
extend.

Where there is fomcthing both lading and fcarce,
and fo valuable to be huaidcd up, there men will
not be apt to enlarge their polTelTions of land . Locke.

3. To encreafe by reprcfentation ; to mag-
nify ; to exaggerate.

4. To dilate ; to expand.

O ye Corinthians, our mouth is open unto you,
our heart is enlarged. 2 Cvr, vi. It.

5. To fet free from limitation.

Though Qie s^^u bonelt W ine, yet at other places

E N L

' the enlargtth her mirth fo far, that tliere is (hrewj
conltru£ti»n made of her. Shakefpeare.

6. To extend to moPcpurpofes or ufes.

It hath grown from no other root than only a defire
to enlarge the necelTary ufe of the word of God,
whi<;h defire hath begotten an errour, enlarging it
farther than fouiidiiefs of truth will bear. Hooker.

7. To amplify; to aggrandife.

This is that fcience wliich would truly enlargt
men's minds, were it fludicd. Locke.

Could the mind as in number, come to fo fmall
a part of extciifion or duration as excluded divitibili-
ty, that would be the indivifible unit, or idea ; by
repetition of which it would make its n.ore enlarged
idtas of exteiiQon and duration. Locke,

8. To relcafe from confinement.

Enlitrge the man committed yeftcrday,
That rail'd againll our pcrfon. Shakefp. Henry V.

9. To AifFufe in eloquence. •

They enlarged themfelvcs upon this fubjeft wjth
all the invidious infinuations they could devrfc.

Clarendon,
■To Enla'rce. "v. «.

1. To expatiate; to fpeak in many words.

They appointed the chancellor of the Exchequer
to enlarge upon any of thefe particulars. Clarendon.

This IS a fcheme fo unpleafant, 1 delight not ta
enlarge OB it; rather with the memory of it were
extinct. Decay of Piety,

2. To be further extended.

The caliphs obtained a mighty empire, which
was in a fair way to have been enlarged, until they
fell out among themfelves. Raleigh,

Enla'rgement. n.f. [itom enleirge.]

1. Encreafe; augmentation; farther exten-
fion.

The king afterwards enlarged the condant obe*
dience of the city with enlargement both of liberties
and of revenues. Hayward..

The ocean, which fo long our hopes contiu'd.
Could give no limits to his vafter mind :
Our bounds enlargement was his latetl toil.
Nor hath he left us pris'ners to our iile. IKsHer,

There never were any iHands, or other confider-
able parcels of lard, amafTed or heaped up; nor any
enlargement, or addition of earth, made to the con*
tincnt by the mud that is carried down into the fea
by the rivers. M-'oodti.'ard.

The commons in Rome generally purfued the en-
largement of their power by more let quarrels of ona
entire aifembly againd another. Sivift.

The Greek tongue received many enlargements
between the time of Homer and that of Plutarch.

S-U'ift.

2. Releafe from confinement or fervitude. ■

Lieutenant,

At our enlargement what are thy due fees ? Shakefp.

If thou holded thy peace at the time, then (halt

their enlargement and deliverance arifc to the Jews

from another place. EJlher, iv. 14,

3. Magnifying reprcfentation.

And all who told it, added fomething new;
And all who heard it, made enlargetncnn [00. Pope,

4. Expatiating fpeech ; copious difcourfc.

He concluded with an cnUrgtment upon the vices
and corruptions which were got into the army.

Clarendon.

Enlarger. »./. [from txhrge.] Ampli-
fier; one that encreafes or dilates any.
thing.

We Ihall not contentioufly rejoin, but confer what
is in us unto his name and honour, ready to be
fwallowed in any worthy enlarger. £rov.n.

To Enli'ght. f. /7. [from i'ghf.] To il-
luminate; to fupply with light; to en-
lighten.

VVit from the fiift has (hone on ages pad,
Enllghts the prefent, and (hall warm the lad. Popt,

To ENi.i'GHTEN..a', a. [from //fM]
I. To illuininate; to fupply with light.
God will enlighten my darkncfs. Pfalms,

As the fun (hineth to the whole world, io there
is uo taith but ibis oik publilhcd, the brightncft

wlicrcof^

E N M

•hereaT muft tnlighten all that come to the know-
ledge 01 the truth. Hxker.
2. '1 o quicken in the faculty of vifion,

His cyts were rniighi ed. Sam.

Love never fails to mafter what he finds |
The fool enUgbtenSj aiid the wife he blinds. Dryden,

%. To inltrnft; to furnilh with encreafe of
knowledge.

This doctrine is io agreeable to rcafon, that we
meet with it in the writings of the rniightened hea-
thens. S^Batar,

*Tis he who etdightens our underftanding, corrects
ournills, and enables us to fubdue our afi'edions to
the law of God. R,g.

4. To cheer; to exhilarate ; to gladden.

5. To illuminate with divine knowledge.

Thofc who were once enlightetted. Hebrews,

EvLl'cHTENER. w./. \itom erilighleii.'\
I. Illuminator; one that gives light.

O, fcnt from heaven,
Enligbi'ncr of my darknefs ! gracious things
Thou haft reveal'd. Milton's Paradi/t Lofi.

3, Inftruftor,

To Enli'nk. v. a. [from link.} To chain
to ; to conneft.
Eitlinki to wade anddefolation. Sh,ihff. Hen. V.
TiEsLl'vEN. -v. a. [iTomlifi, //ir.]

1 . To make quick ; to make alive ; to ani-
mate.

2. To make vigorous or aftivr.

Thefe great 01 bs thus radically bright,
Primitive founts and origins of light,
Enliven worlds denied to human light. Priir.

In a gUfs-houl'e the worlcmcn olicn fling in a
fmall cjuantity of frelh coals, which feems to oifturb
the tire, but very much enlivens it. Swifi.

3. To make fprightly or vivacious.

4. To make gay or cheerful in appearance.
Enli'vener. n./. [from enliven.'] That

which animates ; that which puts in mo-
tion ; that which invigorates.

Botfire th' enHvencr of the general frame«
Is one, its operatioo If ill (he fame :
Its principle is in itfelf; while oun
Works, as confederates war, with mingled pow'n.

Dryden.
To E K L u 'm I N E . O". «r. [enlitmiiier, French . j
To illumine; to illuminate; to enlighten.
Not in ufe.

For haviig yet, in his deduflcd fpright,
Some fparks remaining of (hat heav'nly fire.

He it enlumln'd with thai goodly light.
Unto like goodly femblance to afp ire. Spenfer.

E'nmitv. n.f.SJiom enemy ; Ziifenemify,
iuamity. ]

1. Unfriendly difpofition ; malevolence ;
averlion.

Their being forced to their books, in an a;e at
enmity with all reteaini, has been the reafon why
many have hated books. Locke,

2. Contrariety of in terefts or inclinations ;
mutual malignity.

They (hill within this hour.
On a d'iTention 01 a doit break Oiit
Jn bittereft enmity. ^hdkefiteare': Corlolan:tt.

Between Ihee and the woman I will put
Enmity; and between thine and her feed :
Her feed ihall biuife thy head, ihou bruife hit heel.

Millu:.

H«w {at tKofc controverfies, and appearing enmi-

•tiaoi thofc ^Inrious creatures, may be carried, is

nor my bufinefs to lliew or determine. Dryden,

3. State of oppofition.

Know ye not that the friendihip of the world is
eirmity with God ( J"", 'v. 4.

You muft firmly be convinced, that every fin you
commii fris you it enmity with heaven, ana will, if
rot forfaken, render you incapable ol it, IVuU.

4. Malice ; mifchievout attempts.

I abjure all rouis, and chufc
T» wage af^ioti the e:ut,:yti'\it' air. Skai'fleare,

E N O

He who performs his duty in a (latloii of g«at

power, m.A needs incur the utter «»;/y' of tnany,

and the high difpleafure of more. Alierbury.

To Enma'rbi.e. <i.'./7. [from OTar^Z?.] To

turn to marble ; to harden. Obfolete.

Their dying lo delay.
Thou do'il rnmarble the proud heart of her,
Whofe lOve before their life they do prefer. Spenfer,
To Enml'sh. rv. a. [from OT^^.] Tdnet;
to entangle ; to intrap.

So will I turn her virtue into pitch ;
And out of her own goodnefs make the net
That Ihall tnmrjh tJiem all. Shukefpeare's Oibella.

To Enpi'erce. 1. <7. [from /;>/-ff.] To
transfix.

1 am too fore empierred with his Ihaft
To foar w iih his light lieathers. Sbatcfptare,

E:j.ne'agon. n. f. [f"i« and y*>i'«.J A
figure of nine angles.

Enni'atical. adj. [t»»i».] Enneatical days ,
are every ninth day of a fitfkncfs ; and
titnealicalyeari, every niath year of one's
life.

To Ennoble. 1;, a. \ennMir, French.]

1. To raife from commonalty to nobility.

Many fair promotions
Are given daily to ennoble thofe,
That fcarce fome two days lince were worth a noble.

Skakifp.

2. To dignify; to a ggrandife ; to exalt ; to
raife.

God raifed up the fpirit of this great perfon, and
ennabUd his courage and conduct with the entire
overthrow of this mighty hoU. Scut.

What can ennoble fots, or llaves, or cowards ?
Alas! not all the blood of all the Howards. i'i,pr,

3. To elevate; to magnify.

None fo lovely, fweetaiid lair,
Or do more fflr;ri5^/p love. ffjller,

4. To make famous or illuilrious.

The Spaniards could not as invaders land in Ire-
land, but only ennobled fome of the coafts thereof

with Ihipwie.ks.

X

Baton.

Enno'blement. »./. [from eurtoL'i',]

1. The aft of raifing to the rank ol" nobi-
lity.

He added, during parliament, to his former crea-
tions, therirnoj/rmr/iror advancement in nobility of
a few others. Bacon.

2. Exaltation; elevation ;, dignify.

The eternal wifdom enriched us with all emioblc-
mentsy fuitabic to the meafurcs of an unltraitncd
goodnefs. CUnviilf,

Enoda'tion. »./. [enodatio, Latin.]

1. The aft of untying a knot.

2. Solution of a difficulty.

E N o'r M I T r . »./. [from enormatts.]

1. Deviation from rule ; irregularity.

2. Deviation from right ; depravity; cor-
ruption.

We (hall ffcak of the particular abufes and enor-
mities of the government. Spenfer' s Stale of Ireland.

Thai this law will be always fufficicnt to bridle or
retrain enormity, no man can warrant. Ihokcr.

There arc many little enormities in the world,
which our preachers would be very glad to fee re-
moved ; but at the fame time dare not meddle with
tbcmi for fear of betraying the dignity of ihe pulpit.
Addijtjn's Guardian.

3. Atrocious crime ; flagitious villaiiy ;
crimes exceeding the common meafure.
In this fenfe it has a plural.

It is nut a bare fpcculation that kings may run
into enormities j the p ra^ice may he proved by ex-
ample. Svjifl.
ENO'RMOUS. adj. [enermit, l^tin.]
I. Irregular; out of rule; not regulated by
any Hated raeafure.
Wallowing, uowitldy, «i;rm«tr> in their gait.

Milton.

E N O

Nature here
Wanton'd, as in her prime j and plaid at wil!
Her virgin fancies, pouring forth more fweets.
Wild above rule, or art, enormous blifs. Millon,

2. Excurfive ; beyond the limits of a regu-
lar figure.

The enormous part of the light in the circumfe-
i»nce of every lucid point, ought to be Icfs difcerni-
ble in ihorter tclefcopcs than in longer, becaufc the
fhortcr tranfmit lefs light to the eye. Newton's Op.

3. Difordered ; confufed.

1 (hall find lime
From this enormous Hate, and feek to give
LoITes their remedies. Shakefper.re's King Lear.

4. ^^'icked beyond the common meafure.

5. Exceeding in bulk the common mea-
fures : always ufed with fome degree of
diflikc, or horror, or wonder.

A giant lliepherd here his flock maintainSf
Far from the reft, and folitary reigns,
A iorm. enarmoi^ ! far unlike the race
Of human birth, in ftature, or in face. Pope's OJy.
Eno'rmouslv. flifo. [{torn enormoui.] Be-
yond meafure.

One who could ever efpoufe a notion fo enor*

moujly abfurd and feiifelefs, as that the world was

framed by chanec. Woodti>ard.

Eno'rmoosness. ji. j, [from €normom,\

Immeafurable excefs.

Then thofe who have no opportunity to examine
our faith, fee the encrmoufntfs of our works, _ but
wiiatiliould hinder them from meafuring tiie'mafter
by the difciples ? Decay of Viet;.

Eno'uoh. adj. [jenoh, Saxon ; _fa?M^, Go-
thick ; getioeg, Dut.] It is not eafy to de-
termine whether this word be an adjective
or adverb; perhaps, when it is joined
with a fubftantive, it is an adjeftive, of
which e>iri--M is the plural. In other firua-
tions it fccms an adverb ; except that after
tlie verb To hate, or To be, either ex-
prefl'ed or underftood, it may be account-
ed a ftibftantive. It is pronounced as if
it were written f7/.v/".] In a fufficient mea-
fure; fo as may fatisfy ; fo as may fiiffice.
Why wouid'lt thou go, with one confent they cry.
When thou hafVgold enough, and Emily? Dryden.
When there was not room enough for their herds,
they by confent feparated, and enlai^ed their pafture.

Loiie.
Exo'ugh. «./.

1. Something fufficient in greatnefs or ex-
cellence.

'Tis enough for me to have endeavoured the union
of my country, whillt I continued in publick em ■
ploymenis. Temple.

The indolencyand enjoyment we have, fulliciiii;
for ourprefcnt happinefs, v.'c delircnotto venture ih»
change, being content, and fhat is «oi/g/!;. Loike.

Enough for me that to the lilVning Trains,
Firilin thole tielis I fung ll'.c filvan ftrains. Pope,

\ will not quarrel w-iili the prefent age : it has
done enough for me, in making and keeping you
two my friends. Pope.

2. Something equal to a man's powers or
faculties.

Some great defefts and main errours in his nature,

cuf^oms, and proceedings, he' had enough to do to

fave and help, witli a Uioafarid little iiidulUies and

watches. Bacon.

Eno'ugh. etdv.

1. In a fufficient degree; in a degree that
gives fatisfaftion.

2. Itnotes a flight augmentation of the po-
fitive degree : as, / atn ready enough /»
(jttarrel; that is, I am rather quarrelfonic
than peaceable.

I am apt enough to think, that this fame bina-

riumof a Itroiiger and a weaker, like unto mafcur

line and femininq,dutU hoUI'm all tiring bodict.&at "f.

i 4 R z. It

E N R

It is fometimes pleafant tnough to confider the
dif!«Fenl notions which diiferent perfons haw of the
fame thing. AJilifon.

They are now in prifon at Florence ; and. as it is
faid, tteattd haidly exougb. AdJiJm m Italy.

3. Sometimes it notes diminution ; as, the
. fong \t> vr^Vi enough ; that is, not quite

well, though not much amifs.

4. An exclamation noting fulnefs or fatiety.

Macbeth, beware Macduft"!
Bewar«, the thane of Fife ! Difmifi me.— ifmwg*.

ShakcJ.

Henceforth, I'll bear
Affliction 'till it do cry out of itfelf.
Enough, cntugb, and die. Siiakejftare': KirgLear.

Eno'w. 'l he plural of f«oA^^. In a f urn -
cient number.

The earth hath Cnce born ainv bleedinj; *it-'
oeffes, that it » as no want ot true courage. Sijny.

The walls of the church there are er.^'M content-
ed to build; the marbles are polithcd, the rools
fliine with gold, the altar hath precious ftone* to
tdorn it, and of Chrift's miiiillcts no cbpice at all.

Hooker.

Man had fclfidi foes em-a befides,
-That, day and night, for his dellruftion wait. Milt.

My conquering brother will have flaves erutv.
To pay his cruel vows for viiftory. Drydm.

There are at Rome ouno modern works of archi-
tefture to employ any reafonable man. AdMfon

EN'PASSANT. ad'v. [French]. By the way.
ToEnra'ge. 'v.a. [rara^?/-, French.] To

irritate ; to provoke ; to make furious ;

to exafperate.

The juftice of their quarrel (hould not fo much
tncourage as emage them, being to revenge the
difhonour done to their king, and (0 chaftife deceit-
ful enemies. Haywjrd.

Enrdg'd at this, upon the bawd I flew;
And that which molt enrag'd me was, 'twas true.

IValJh.

Te Enra'ngh. f. a, [from range.'] To
place regularly ; to put into order.

In their jaw
Three ranlts of iron teeth enrtngcd were. Fairy Q^

As fair Diana, in frclh fummcr'sday.
Beholds her nymphs exrang'd in Ihady wood.

Fairy Siiietrt.

To Enra'nk. v. a. [from rank,'] To place
in orderly ranks.

No leifure had he xoenraKk Ills men. Shakefpeare.

TiENRAPT. -v.a. {itomrapt: the parti-
ciple preterite feems to be etirapt.]

1. To throw into an e.Ktafy; to tranfport
with enthufiafm.

1 myfelf
Am, like a prophet, fuddenly tnmpt
To tell thee, that tliis day is ominous. Sbatrfpeare.

2. In the following quotation it feems
erroncoufly written for etmurapt, in-
volv'd, wrapt up.

Nor hath he been lb inrapt in thofe ftudies as to
■egleil the polite arts pf painting and poetry.

ArLutfmiit and Ptpt.

To EmXa'pture. "v. a. [from raptun.]
To tranfport with pleafure; to delight
highly.

To Enra'vish. -v. n. [from raii/i.] To
throw into extafy ; to tranfport with de-
light.

What wordf r,
Frail men, whofc eyes feck heavenly things to fee,
At fight thereof fo much rnravijh'd be ? Hpenfer.

Bnra'vishment. n, f. [from eitra-vij^j.]
Extafy of delight.

They contrail a kind of fplendour from the fcem-

ingly obfcuring vail, which adds ioi\\z enyavijhmenis

of her tranfported admirers. VUnville'tScep.

To En RHEUM. 'V.a. \enrhumer, French,]

To have rheum through cold.

E N R

The phyGcian is to enquire where the party hath
taken cold or embeunud. liarxty.

To Enri'ch. v.a. \enrkher, French.]

1. To make wealthy ; to make opulent.

The king will tnricb him with great riches and
Aviil give him his daughter. i Sim. xvii. 2j.

Henry is able to tnricb his queen.
And not to feek a queen to make him rich. Shair/p.

Great and glorious Rome queen of the earth,
So far renown'd, and with the fpoils cnricb'd
Of nations. Milton's faradife Regain'd,

Thofe are fo unhappy as to rob others, without
eiricbing themfelves. Dcr.ham.

2. To fertilife ; to make fruitful.

See the fweet brooks in filver mazes creep,
Emitb the meadows, and fupply the dstf.Blackmm.

3. To (lore ; to fupply with augmentation
of any thing defirable.

There is rot any one among them that could ever
fnricb his own undcrltanding with any certain truth,
or ever edify others therein. Raleigh's llifiory.

Enri'chment. »./. (from M«fA.]

1. Augmentation of wealth.

2. Amplification ; improvement by addition.

I have procured a tranflation of that book into
the general language, not without great and ample
additions, and enrichment thereof. Bacon' sHoly vyar.

It is a vaft hindrance to the enri hment of our
underftandings, if wc fpend too much of our time
and pains among infinites and unfearchables. If'atti.

ToEnri'dge. "V.a. [from r/V^*".] To form
with longitudinal protuberances or ridges.

He had a tboufand nofes,
Horns walk'd and wav'd like the enridgedki :
It was fome fiend. Shakefpeare' s King Lear.

To Enri'ng -v. a, [from ring.] To bind
round ; to encircle.

Iry fo
Enrlngs the barky hngers of the elm. Shakefpeare.

To Enri'pen. n). a. [from ripe.] To ripen;
to mature ; to bring to perfeftion.

The Summer, how it enripen'd the year;
And Autumn, whatourgolden harveftswere. Donne.
To Enro'be. -v. a. [from role.] To drefs ;
to clothe ; to Iwbit ; to invert.

Her mother hath intended,
That, quaint in green, (he (hall be loofe enrok'd,
With ribbands pendant, Baring 'bout her head. Sbai,
ToEnro'll. 'V.a, [enroller, French.]

1. To infert in a roll, lift, or regifter.

There be enrolled nmon^H the king's forces about
thirty thoufand men of the Jews. i Mic. x. 36.

We find ourfelves enrolled in this heavenly family
as fervants, and as Ions. Sprall.

The champions, all of high degr«,
Who knighthoofi loy'd, and deeds of chii'alry,
Throng'd to the lifts, and envy'd to behold
The names of others,'not their own cr.rM'd. Dryd.

Mentes, an evcr-honour'd name of old.
High in Ulyffes' focial lift enrdl'd. Pope's Odyffey.

Heroes and heroines of old.
By honour only were enroll' d
Among their brethren of the (kies ;
To which, though late, (hall Stella rife. S-wift.

2. To record ; to leave in writing.

He fwore confent to your fucccflion ;
His oath enrolled in the parliament. Shakr/f>.

Laws, which none ihall find
Left them enrell'd; or what the fpirit within
Shall on the heart engrave. Milton' sParadife lj>ft.

3. To involve ; to inwran.

From his inftnial furnace forth he threw
Huge (lame, that dimmed all the heaven's light,
Enrotl'd in dulktih fmoak and brimflone blue.

Fairy ^ueen.

ENiio'LLER.. ft./, [from faro/. J He that

enrols ; he that regifters.
Enro'lment. n./, [from enrol.] Regifter;

writing in which any thing is recorded;

record.
The king hlmfclf caufed to be enrolled, and tcfti-

fied bj 4 BOtary fuUick ; and delivered the «;o/-

ENS

meittt, with hi: own hands, to the Biihop of Salif-
bury. Daviet 01 Ireland.

To Enro'ot. t). a. [from mot.] To fix by
the root; to implant deep.

He cannDt I'o precifely weed this land,
As his mifdoubts prefcnt occafion :
His foes arc fo enrooted with his friend),
That, plucking to unfix an enemy.
He doth uufailen fo and (liakc a friend. Shakefftare.

To Enro'und. 'V.a. [from round.'] To
environ; to furround; to encircle; to
inclofe.

Upon his royal face there is no note
How drc.id an army hath eKtounded him. Sbakeffi.

ENS. ft./. [Latin.]

1 . Any being or exiftence.

2. [In chymiftry.] Some things that are
pretended to contain all the qualities or
virtues of the ingredients they are drawn
from in a little room.

ENSA'MPLE.b./. [#«■/<», Italian.] Ex-
ample ; pattern ; fubjeft of imitation.
This orthography is now juft'y difufed.

Such life (houid be the honour of your light ;
Such deatli, the U .! cnfjmpU of your night. Spenfer,

You have us lb; a.i enjarrple. Pbil. lii. 17.

Such as would be williug to make ufe of our fn^
fample to do the fame thing, where there is not tlic
fame neceility, may not be able to vouch our practice
for their excufe. Sanderfon*

ToEnsa'mple. T. c. [from the noun.] To
exemplify; to fhew by example; to give
us a copy.

I have followed all the ancient poets hiftotical :
firit, Homer, who, in the perfon of Agamemnon,
enfampUd a good governor and virtuous man.

Spenfcr,
To Ensa'nguine. 1?. c. [fanguit, Latin;
enfanglantcr, French.] To fmear with
go:e ; to fuffufe with blood.

With cruel tournameut the fquadrons join.
Where cattle paltur'J late ; now fcatter'd lies.
With carcalles and arms, lAi' enfanguin'di^iM.
Defcrted. Miltcn't Paradi/elj>fi.

To En s c H e'd u L E . 'V. a. [ fro m fchedule, ]
To infert in a fchedule or writing.

You mull buy that peace
With full accord to all our jull demands,
Eif.hedul'd here. Stakefpcare's HeniyV .

ToEnsco'nce. a'. (7. [hom fconce.] To
cover as with a fort; to fecure. Hanmer.

I myfelf fometimcs, hiding mine honour in my
neceility, and. fain to (huffle, to hedge, and to lurch ;
and yet your rogue will tnfcoxce your rags, your
cat-a-mountain looks under the flielter of your ho-
nour. Shakefpeare,

She (hall not fee me, 1 will enfconce me behind
the arras. Hhakcfpearr's Merry Ifites of If'inafor.

We make trifles of terrours, enfconcing ourfelves
in fccming knowledge. Shakefpeare,

A fort of errour to enfconce
Abfurdity and ignorance, Hudibras.

This he courageoufly invaded.
And having enter'd, barricado'd,
Enfconc'd himfelf as formidable
As could be, underneath a table. JJudlbrar.

To Ense'am. 'V.a, \i113xnfeam.] To fow
up; toenclofe by a feam or junflure of
needlework,

A name engraved in the reveftiary of the temple,
one Hole away, and atfeamcdk on his thigh. Camden^

To Ensea'r. 'V.a. [from fettr,] To caute-
rife ; to llanch or ilop with tire.

Enfear thy fertile and conceptions womb ;
Let it no more bring out t'ingraieful man. Sbaktfp.

To Enshi'eld. 'V.a, [hom fhield.] To
(hield ; to cover ; to proteft.

Thofe black mafks
Proclaim Sinenfhield beauty, ten times louder
Than beauty could difplay. Sbakifpeare.

Ti) EKsam'NE. ■«,«, [from ,^w/'.j To
> enclole

ENS

enclofe in a cheft or cabinet j to prcferve
and fecure as a thing facred.

He fecms
A phccnix, gazM by all, a« (hat folc bird,
When to enjhrim his rellques in the fun's
Bright temple, to Egyptian Thebes hefiies. MUtm.

The fots combine
V.'ith pious care a monkey to erjhrine. Tate*syuv,

Yin fortune next, with looki ferene and kind,
Receive! 'em, in her ancient fane eifirin'J. Add]/.
E'nsiform. adj. [enjiformis , Latin.] Hav-,
ine the (hape of a fword, as the xipho-
eides or enjiform cartilage.
E'NSIGN. n.f. [en/tigne, French.]

1. The flag or ftandard of a regiment.
Hang up your enjigns, let your drums be ftill.

Shakefptare.

The Turks ftill preffing on, got up to the top of
the ••alls with eight f^j«, from whence they li ad
repulfed the defendants, Knollti's Hi'ft.ry.

Men taking occafion from the (jualitics, wherein
they obferve often feveral individuals to agree, range
them into forO, in order to th«ir naming under
which individuals, according to their conformity to
this or that abllraft idea, come to be ranked as
under infigni. Locke.

2. Any fignal to aflemble.

He will lift up an ttijign to the nations from far.

I/aijb, V.

3. Badge ; or mark of diftinftion, rank, or
office.

Princes that fly, their fceplres left behind,
Contempt or pity, where they travel, find;
The ettjignt of our pow'r about we bear,
And ev'ry land pays tribute to the fair. ff^till/r.

The marks or fifig"! of virtues contribute, by
their noblenefs, lo the ornament of the figures ; as
the decorations belonging to the liberal arts, to war,
or facritices. Drydtn,

4. The officer of foot who carries the flag.
[Formerly written ancient. '\

E'nsicnbearer. n.f. [et/fign and if/zr.]
He that carries the flag ; the enfign.

If it be true that the giants ever made war againft
heaven, IkC bad been a tit trfignbtartr for (hat com-
pany. Sidney.

To Ensla've. t'. a. rfrom_y7«a;f.]

1. To reduce to fervitude ; to deprive of
liberty.

The coD^r'd alio, and txJlav'A by war,
Shall, with their freedom toit, their virtue lofe.

Millon

I to do this ! I, whom you once thought brave.
To fell my country, and my king (■»/''''•'" ■' Dryden.

Long draughts of fleephis nwnftruus limbs tnJLve ;
He reels, and faliiog hlls the fpacious cave. Drydiit.

He isccftainly the moft fubjeflcd, the moll tn-
_ JIavtJ, who ii fa in his underftanding. Locltr.

While the balance of power is equally heW, the
ambition of private men gives neititer danger nor
fear, nor can polTiblyi<»/&ii/f their country. H-uifi.

2. To make over to another as his flave or
bondman.

No man can make another man to be his (lave,

unlefs he hath firll tnflavid himfelf to life and death,

to pleafure or pain, to hope or fear: command thofc

faliions, and you are freer than the Parthian king,

Tayhr'x Rplt cf living ijcly.

The more virtuoufly any man lives, and the lefs
he is enJIavrJ to any luft, the more ready he is to
entertain the principles of religion. Tilhijon.

A man, not having the power of his own life,
cannot by ccmpaft, or his own ccnfent, f/»^iai <• him-
felf to any o«e, nor put himfelf under the .ibfolutc
..: 'r^ry power of another, to ukc away lile when

ht |;,c:ifc!. Lulil.

Ensi.a'veme.nt. n.f. \{\omenJla've.'\ 1 he
ftate of fervitude; flavery; abjettAibjec-
tion.

The children of Ifrael, according to tl.eir me-
thod of fmning, after mercies, and thereupon rc-
turjiii (; lo a fr;(h <riflaxtmtnl \t their enemies, had
cow pailcd fcven jcari ia cruel fubjsHian, Hiuib.

E N T

Ensla'ver. »./. [from ot/Iavf.'] He that
reduces others to a ftate of fervitude.

What indignation in her mind,
AgainiV enjlirvert of mankind ! S'wift.

To Ensu'e. v. a. [en/ui'vre, Erench,] To
follow ; to purfue.
Flee evil, and do good ; feek peace, and enfut it.

Com Prayer,
But nowthefc Epicures begin to fmile,
And fay, my doftrine is more fafe than true ;

And that 1 fondly do mylelf beguile,
While thefe recciv'd opinions I enfue. Ditvics.

To Ensu'e. 11. tt,

1. To follow as a confequence to premifes.

Let this be granted, and it ihall hereupon plainly
enfuCf that the light of fcripture once lliiuing in the
wotld, all other light of nature is theiewith in fuch
fort drowned, that now we need it not. Haokcr.

2. To fucceed in a train of events, or courfc
of time.

The man was noble.
But with his lad attempt he wip'd it out,
Dellioy'd his country, and his name remains
To the enfuing age abhoa'd, Sbaiiefpfare.

Bjhops are placed by collation of the king, with-
out any precedent ele^ion 01 confirmation enfuing.

Haytt'ard .

Of worfe deeds worfe fufferings mud enfue. Mill.

With mortal heat each other Oiall puilue ;
What wars, what wounds, what flauglitcr (hall rnfue '.

Dryden.

Impute not then thofe ills which miy enfite
To me, but thufe who with incelTant hate
Purfue my life. Roive's Ambitiom Stepmother.

Then grave ClarifTa graceful vvav'd her fan j
Silence enfu^J, and thus the nymph began. Pope.

Ensu'ranc?^ n.f. [from en/ure.']

1. Exemption from hazard, obtained by the
payment of a certain fum.

2. The fum paid for fecurity.
Ensu'rancer. n.f. [hom ertfurance.] He

who undertakes to exempt from hasutrd.

The vain enfurancers of life.
And they who moft petform'd, and promis'd lefs,
Ev'n Short and Hobbes, forfook th' unequal ftrife.

Dryden.
ro Ensu're. v. a. {itorci Jure, ajjurer,
French.]

1. Toafcertain; to make certain ; to fecure.

It is eafy to entail debts on fuccceding ages, but
how to rnfuri peace for any term of years is difficult
enough. Stvifi.

2. To exempt any thing from hazard by
paying a certain fum, on condition of
being reimburfed for mifcarriage.

3. To promife reimburfement of any mif-
carriage for a certain reward ftipulatcd.

A mendicant contracted with a country fellow
for a quantity of corn, to enfure his (heep for that
year. VEJlrange.

Ensu'rer. «./. [(torn e>/f!ire.'\ One who
makes contracts of cnfurancc ; one who
for a certain fum exempts any thing from
hazard.
Enta'blature. \n./. [from /a/; /r.] The
Enta'blament. 5 architrave, frifc, and
cornice of a pillar; being in efFeft the ex-
tremity of the flooring, which is either
Supported by pillars, or by a wall, if
there be no columns. Harris.

Enta'il. «./. \feudum talliatum, from the
French entaille, cut, from lailler, to cut.]
r. The cftate entailed or fettled, witli re-
gard to the rule of its defcent.
2. 'I"he rule of defcent fettled for anycflate.
.3. Engravers work ; inlay. Obfolcte.
Well it appeared lo have been of old
A work ol rich entail, and curious mold.
Woven Willi antickj and wild im^cry, fairy Sljteen,

E NT

To Entail, 'u.a, [tailler, to cut; tnlaiUer,
French.]

1 . To fettle the defcent of any eftate, fo
that it cannot lie by any fubfequent pof-
feflbr bequeathed at pleafure.

1 heie entail
The crown to thee and to thine heirs for ever. Sh.ik.

Had Richard uncontlrain'd refign'd the throne,
A king can give no more than is his own :
The title llood email' d, had Rich.ud had a Ion.

Dryden,

2. To fix unalienably upon any perfon ot
thing.

None ever had a privilege of infallibility entailed to
all he faid. Dighy on Bodies..

The intemperate and unjuft tranfmit their bodily
infirmities and difeafesto their children, and entail a
fec.et curfe upon their cftates. Tiliotfm,

3. To cut. Obfolete. In the following
paflage it is neuter.

The mortal fte;l, difpiteoufly ex/j;/',/,
Deep in their flelh, quite through the iron walls.
That a large purple (Iriram aJovvn their giambcaux
falls. Fairy ^ter.

To Enta'me. 1-. a. [from tame.'] To tame;
to fnbjugate ; to fubdue.

'Tis not your inky biows, your black filk hair.
Your bugle eyeballs, and your cheek of civam.
That can entame my fpirits to your worlhip. Shakefp.

To Ekta'sgle. -v. a. [A word of uncertain
etymology.]

1. To inwrapor infnare with fomethingnot
eafily extncable, as a net ; or fomething
adhefive, as briars.

2. To lofe in multiplied involutions; as in
a labyrinth.

3. To twin, or confufe in fuch a manner as
that a feparation cannot eafily be made ;-
to make an eniangled knot.

4. To involve in difliculties ; toembarrafs;
to perplex.

Now all iubour,
Marrs what it does, yea very force entangles
Itfelf with ftrength. Shaiefptare's Ant. and Cleop,
He knew not how to wrctile wiih" defperate con-
tingencies, and fo abhorred to be entangled in fuch.

CLr.ndon.

5. To puzzle; to bewilder.

The duke, being queftioneJ, neither held lilence
as he might, nor conftantly denied it, but entangUt-
himfelf in his doubtful tale. Hayiuard.

I fuppofe a great part of the difficulties that perplex
men's thoughts, and entangle their undeiltandiiigs,
would be eafily refolved. hicke.

6. To enfnare by captious queftions or anful
talk.

The Pharifees took counfel how they might en-
/a«g/fhimin his talk. Mait.r.-i\\. ij.

7. To dillraft with a variety of cares.

No man that waireth entangletb himfelf with the
afr.:irs of this life zT/w. ii. 4.

?:. To multiply the intricacies or difliculties

of a work.
Enta'nci.ement. tt.f. [from f«/<7»f/c.]

1. Involution of any thing intricate or ad-
hefive.

2. Perplexity; puzzle.

Tlic molt impioved fpirits arc frequently c.tught
in the entanglements oi ^ tenacious imagination.

Glanville\t Scepjis.

There will be no ^tiUx entanglements, toucning

the notion of Cod ai,d liis providence. Mote.

It is 10 fence againlt the «w/(7^»/(mf»/jof equivocal

words, and the arts of fophiltry, that dilliiii^lioiis

have been multiplied. ' I.0 ke.

Enta'ncler. n.f. \UoTS\ entangle.] One

that entangles.
To E'NTER. 1.. a. \i-i!ircr, French.]
I. To go or come into any place.
I with (h: mulutudc »f my led^cst'il,
3 Sb»B

E N T

Shall enter heiv'n, long abfcnt. Mllox.

A king of repute and learning entered the lifts

againft him. Atlerburf.

t. To initiate in a bufinefs. method, or fo-
ciety.

The elJeft being thus enter' J, and then made the
fafliioni it would be impolIii>le to hinder them.

Locke.

3. To introduce or admit into any counfel.

They of Rome arc enlei'd in our counfels.
And know how we proceed. Sbakeff, Coriolanut.

4, .To fet down in writing.

Mr. Phang, have you enter' d the aftion f
—\l\i enler'd. Shakcjp. He)irj\'V.

Agues and fevers are enler'd promifcuoufly, yet in
the few bills they h.»ve been dillinguilhed. Graunt.
S'o li'NTER. T. «.

i. To come in ; to go in.

Be not flothful to go and to enter to poflels the
laud. J''<^5-

Other creature here,
Beaft, bird, infefl, or worm, durft enter none. Milt.

2. To penetrate mentally ; to make intellec-
tual entrance.

He is particularly pleafed with Livy for his man-
ner of telling a Itory, and with SalUift for his en-
tering into eternal principles of attion, Addifin.

They were not capable of entering into the^ nu-
merous concurring fprings of a£lioa. /■(■atts.

3. To engage in.

The French king hath often entered on feveral
expenfive projects, on purpofe to diilipate wealth.

Addifon en the fVar.

Gentlemen did not care to enter into bufinefs 'till
after their morning draught. Tutler.

4. To be initiated in.

O pity and Aiame, that thofe who to live well
F.nter'd (o fair, fliould turn afide ! Milton.

As foon as they once entered \nu> a tafte of plea-
fure, politenefs, and magntticence, they fell into a
thoufand violences, confpiracies, and ilivilions. AddiJ.
Enterde'al. «./. \entre iX\A deal.^ Re-
ciprocal tranfaftions. Obfolete.

ror he is prailis'd well in policy.
And thereto doth his courting moll apply ;
'i'o learn the enterdeal q{ ^x'wxzt^^ ttrange.
To mark ch' intent of counlels, and the change
Of Hates. Hubberd'j Tale.

E'nterinc. //./. [itom enter.'l Entrance;
■paflage into a place.

It is laid walte, fo that there is no houfe, no en-
tering in. Iftiiah.

To Enterla'ce. -v. 17. lentrelerjfer, YtcnchJ]
To intermix ; to interweave.

This lady walked outright, 'till Ihc might fee her

enter into a fine clofe arbor : it was of trees, whofe

branches fo lovingly fn/ci/.ic-i-i/ one another, that it

could refift the Ifrongcll violence of the fight. Sidney.

Entero'cele. «./. [ciiterocele, Latin.] A

rupture from the bowels preffing through

or dilating the peritoneum, fo as to fall

down into the groin. The remedy in

fuch cafes, is chiefly by ttuifes and bol-

fters. ^in,y.

If the intedine only is fallen, it becomes an en-

leru:ele\ if the omentum or epiploon, epiplocele;

and if both, enteroepiplocele. Siurp't Hurgerj.

Estero'logy. a. y. [t»T!{ei and Aoyo?,]

The anatomical account of the bowels

and internal parrs.

Entero'mphalos. »./. [«»TiMK and «/*-

^i»A»<.] An umbilical or navel rupture.
Enterpa'ri-Ance. »./. [entre and parUr,
French.] Parley ; mutual talk ; confer-
ence.

During the enlerparlance the Scots difcharged

againll the Englilh, not without breach of the laws

01 the field. Ha\iuard.

ENTERPLt'ADER. «./. \entre ZnA plead, ^

The difcufling of a jwint • incidentally
falling out, before the principal caufe can

E N T

take end. For example : two feveral per-
foDS, being found heirs to land by two
feveral officers in one county, the king
is brought in doubt whether livery ought
to be made ; and therefore, before li\cry
be made to eitlier, they muft enterplead ;
that is, try between themfelves who is the
right heir. Cov^el.

BN I ERPRISE. «./. \enterprife, French.]
An undertaking of hazard; aii arduous
attempt.

Kow is the time to execute mine enterprifes to
the deftruftion of the enemies. Judith, ii. 5.

Whet on Warwick to this enierprife. Shakefp.

The day approach'd, when fortune (hould decide
Th' important enierprife, and give the bride. Drjd.

To E's'TERPRtsE. 1: n. [from the noufi.]

1. To undertake; to attempt; to eflay.

Nor (hall 1 to the work thou enurprlfrji
Be wanting, but afford thee equal aid. Milan.

Princes were only chiefs of thofe aflcmblies, by
whofe confultations and authority the great anions
were rctblvcd and enierpris'd. Temple.

An epick poem, or the heroick aflion of fume
great commander, enterprijed for the common good
and honour of the Chrilhan caufc, and executed
happily, may be as well written now, as it was of
old by the heathens. Drjdcn.

Hjfte then, and lofe no time :
The bufinefs muft be enlerpris'd this night ;
We mull furprife the court in its delight. Drydtn.

2. To receive ; to entertain. Obfolete.

In goodly garments, that her well became,
Fair marching forth in honourable wife,
Him at the threlhold met, and well did enierprife

J t\penfer.

E'nterpriser. »./. [from enterprifi.\ A
n;an of enterpriie; one who undertakes
great things ; one who engages himfclf in
important and dangerous deligns.

They commonly prove great enielprifers wiih
happy fucccfs. Iluyward on JidivardW.

To ENTERTA'IN. t-. a. \e„trctenir, Fren.]

1. To converfc with ; to talk with.

His head was fo well ftored a mag.-\zine, that
nothing could be propofed which he was not readily
furuilhed to entertain any one in. L^cke,

2. To treat at the table.

You (hsU find an apartment fitted up for you, and
fhall be every day entertained with beef or mutton of
my own feeding. Addifon,

3. To receive hofpitably.

Be not forgetful to cnleri.iin ftrangers ; for thereby
fome have entertainel angels unawares. Ue!>. xiii. 2.

He.iv'n fet open thy everhifting gates.
To emerlain my vows of tl>.mks and praife. Shakef.

4. To keep in one's fervice.

How many men would you require to the fur-
nifhing of this which you t.ike in hand ? And how
long fpace would you have them enieriainrd.

Spenfir's Ireland.
You, fir, I entertain for one of my hundred ;
only I do not like the falhion of your garments.

Siatif, King Lear.
I'll weep and figh.
And, leaving fo his fervice, follow j-ou.
So pleafe you entertain me. Shakefp. Cymheline.

5. To referve in the mind.

This purpofe Cod can entertain towards us.

Diejy vfPieiy.

6. Topleafe; toamufe; to divert.

David entertained liimfilf with the meditations of
Cod's law, not his hidJcn decrees or counfels.

Dec.ty of Piety.

They were capable of entertaining themlclvcs on
a thnuland fubjects, without running into the com-
mon topicks. Addifa ,

The hilloryofthe Royal Society (hews how well
philofophy becometli a n.irration : the progrcfe of
knowledge is as enurtaining as that ol arms.

Feit»n on theClafJicks.

la gardens^ art can only reduce the beauties of

E N T

niturt to a figure which the common eye may better
take int and istlierefore more entertained with.

Pope's Pref. to the Iliad >.

7. To admit with fatisfaftion.

Reafon can never permit the mind to entertain
probability iu oppofition to knowledge and certainty.

Jj>eke,
Enterta'iner. k./. [hom entertitiv.]

1. He that keeps others in his fervice.

He was, in his nature and conllitutioii of minds
not veryappiehcnfive or forccafting of future event,
afar oft, but an entertainer of fortune by the day.

Hiiean's HtnryVM,

2. He that treats others at his table.

He (hews both to the guefts and to the entertainer
• their great mirtake. Snutlridge,

It is littk the lign of a wife or good man u> futicr
temperance to be tranfgrelled, in order to purchafc
the repute of a generous entertainer., Atlerhury,

3. He that pleafes, diverts, or amufes.
Enterta'inment. n,f, \itom entertam,'\

1. Converfation.

2. Treatment at the table; convivial provi-
(ion.

AiTivedthei^, the little houfe they fill
Nor look for entertainment where nunc was ;

Rett is their feall, and ail things at their will ;
The nobleO: mind the bell contencment has.

Fairy ^een.

With Britilh bounty in his (hip h« featts
Th' Hefperian princes, his amazed guefts
To find that wat'ry wiiderncfs exceed
The entertainment of their great Madrid. ffaller.

•:. Hofpitable reception.

4. Reception ; admiflion.

It is not ealy to imagine how it fliould at firft gain
entertainment, but much more difBcult to conceive
how it (hould be univerfally propagated. ^lllotfon,

5. The ftate of being in pay as foldiers or
fervants.

Have you an army ready, fay you ?

A mod royal one. The ceuturionf and their

charges diilindlly billeted, already in the entertain-
ment, and to be on foot at an hour's warning.

Shakefpeare's Coriolaniii,

6. Payment of foldiers or fervants. Now
obfolete.

The enfertainmtnt of the general, upon his firft
anlval, was but tixlhillingsandeighi-pence. Davies,

The captains did covenant with the king to fervc
him with certain numbers of men, for ceruin wages
and enlcrlaintmnt, Davies,

■J. Amufement ; diverfion.

Becaufe he that knoweth leaft is fitteft to alk
queftions, it is more realbn for the entertainment
of tli£ lime, tliat be aik me queltions than that I
alk you. Bacon's Ne^u Atlantis.

Paifions ought to be our fervants, and not our
matters ; to give us fome agitation for entertainment,
but never to throw leal'on out of its Icat. temple.

8. Dramatick performance ; the lower co-
medy.

A great number of dramatick entertainments are

not comedies, but five-ail farces. Gay.

EnteRTi'ssu ID. eielj, [entre and ti£ue.\

Enterwovcn or intermixed with various

colours or fubftances.

The (word, tlie inace, the crown imperial.
The eniertijfued robe of gold and pearl. Sbak^,

To Enthro'ne. t. a. [from throne.^

1. To place on a regal feat.

Mercy is above this Iceptcr'd fway ;
It is enthroned in the hearts of kings }
It is an attribute to God himfelf. Shakefp,

On a tribunal filver'd,
Cleopatra and himfclf, in chairs of gold.
Were publickly entbr(.n'd. Shakef^eare,

Beneath a (culptur'd arch he fits enthron'd.
The peers, euciicling, lorn, an awtul round. Pope,

2, To inveft with fovereign authority.

This pope w«s no fooncr elected and enthroned,
but chat he began to cxcrcife his new rapines.

Ayli^'e's Parergon,

Enikusia'sm.

E N T

EnTHUSIa'sm. n.f. [fi&Kirws-tAe?.]

1. A vain belief of private revelation; a
Tain confidence of d' ine favour or cora-
munication.

Enthujiafm is founded neither on reafon nor divine
revelation, but rifes from the conceits ol a warmed
or overweening brain. Lccke.

2. Heat of imagination; violence of paffion;
confidence of opinion.

3. Elevation of fancy ; exultation of ideas

Imaging is, in ilfelf, the very height and life of

poetry, which, by a kind of entbujlam, or cxtr.ior-

dinary emotion ot foul, makes it feem to us that we

behold thofe things which the poet paints. Dryd<n.

ESTHU'SIAST. »./. [«>3-l«r«»«.]

1 . One who vainly imagines a private re-
velation ; one who has a \'ain confidence of
his intercourfe with God.

Let an er.thufiajl be principled that he or his
teacher is infpired, and afted by an immediate
communication of the Divine Spirit, and you in
vain bring the evidence of clear rcafons againll his
do^rine. Locke.

2. One of a hot imagination, or violent
paflions.

Chapman (cam to have been of an arrogant turn,
and an enthufiaft in poetry. Pcft's Pre/, in the 11.

3. One of elevated fancy, or exalted ideas.

At laft divine Cecilia came,
Inventrefs of the vocal frame ;
The fweet enihu/iaji, from her facrcJ (lore,
Hnlarg'd the former narrow bounds,
\ And added length to folemn founds.

With nature's mother-wit, and arts unknown before.

DryJen.

Enthusia'stical.I ,. r" 1 ^1

EnTHUSIA STICK. J -^ ^ ' 'J

1. Perfuaded of fome communication with
the deity.

He pretended not to any (eraphick tntbujiajlical
npturei^ or inimitable unaccoimtablc tranfports of
devotion. Calamy,

2. Vehemently hot in any caufe.

3. Elevated in fancy ; exalted in ideas.

An tntbvjiajlkk or prophetick ftyle, by reafon of
the eagemcfs of the fancv, doth not always follow
the even thread of difcourfe Burnet.

At lalt, fublim'd /

To rapture and enibujiujiick heat,
We feci the prefeni Ueity. Thomjan,

E'ntiiymeme. n. /. .( irS-B^jjita ] An ar-
gument confining only of an antecedent
and confequcntial propofition ; a fyllo-
gifm where the major propofition is fup-
prelTed, and only the minor and confe-
quence produced in words.
Playmg much upon the fnnple or lullrativc argu

E N T

mentation, to inilucc their enlbymemes unto the
people, they take up popubr conceits, B'otvn.

What is an enthymeme^ quoth Cornelius ? W'hy,
an enihjirtti.v rej-licd Crambc, is wlien the major
is indeed married to the minor, but the marriage
kept feciet. ArhuibnfA and Pope.

To ENTI'CE. fu. a. [of uncertain etymo-
'"SXO T"" allute ; to attraft ; to draw
by blandifhments ot hopes of fomething
finful or deftruftive.

The rcadi«(t way to entangle the mind with falfe

decline, i< firil \o entice the will to wanton living.

Afcbam'i Scboolmajier.

If a mnetil're a maid that is not betrothed, he

i)iaM fuRly endaw her to be his wile. Ex. xxii. 16.

Softngthe fyrens, with enchanting found,
Erticing alt to liftcn, and be d^o^htl'd. Granville,
Enti'cemekt. «s/. [from «//■«.]
I . 'I he aft or praftice of alluring to ill.

Suppofc VIC that the facrej word of Cod can .it
their hands receive due honour, by whofe emlcemtnt
the holy ordinances of the church endure every
where open contempt. titoker.

And bcfC W every thirfty -.ViBiIertr

By fly entieement gives his baneful cup.

With many murmurs mixt. Milfift.

2. The means by which one is allured to
ill; blandifliment; allurement.

In all thefe inftances we muft feparate intreaty
and enticements from deceit or violence. Taylor.

Enti'cer. n.f. [from entice.} One that
allures to ill.

Enti'cingly. ad-v. [from entice.} Charm-
ingly ; in a winning manner.

She ftrikes a lute well, and Cngs moft enlieiugly.

Ad.Jifin.
E'ntiertt. n.f. [entlerte, French.] 'Ihe
whole; not barely a part.

Sometime the attorney thrufteth into the writ

the uttcrmoft quantity; or, elfe fetteth down an f«-

tierty, where but a moiety was to be pafTed. Bacon.

ENTl'RE. aiij. [entier, French; integer.'Lz-

tin.]

1. Whole; undivided.

It is not fate to divide, but to extol the entire,
ftill in general. Bacon's Collellion of Good and Evil.

2. Unbroken ; complete in its parts.

An antique model of the famous Laocoon is entire
in thofe parts where the ftatue is maimed.

Addijon tm Italy.

Water and earth, compofed of old worn particles
and fragments of particles, would not be of the fame
nature and texture now with water and earth com-
pofed of rwr/re particles in the beginning. Nezuton.

3. Full : complete ; comprifing all requiiites
in itfelf.

The church of Rome hath rightly confidered that
publick piayer is a duty entire in itfelf, a duty
rcquifite to be performed much ol'tener than fermons
can be made. Hooker.

An aAion is entire when it is complete in all
its parts ; or, as Ariltotle defcribcs it, when it con-
lifts in a beginiimg, a middle, and an end. SfeClator.

4. Sincere; hearty.

Love's not love.
When it is mingled with regards that ftand
Aloof from th' entire point. Si>akefi>. King Lear.
He run a courfe more entire with the king of
Arragon, but more laboured and oflicious with the
king of Caltile. Bacon.

5. Firm; fure; folid; fixed.

Entire and fure the monarch's rule muft prove.
Who founds her greatnefs on herfubjcfts love. Piior,

6. Unraingled; unallayed.
Wrath Hiall be no more

Thenceforth, but in thy prefcnce joy entire. Milton.

7. Honeft; fir.mly adherent ; faithful.

No man had ever a heart more entiie to the kinj,
the church, or his country; but he never ftudied the
eafieft ways to thofe ends. Clarendon.

They had many pcrfons, of whofe entire affeftions
they were well alfured. Clarendon.

8. In full ftrength, with vigour unabated;
with power unbroken.

Then back, to fight again, new breathed and m/iVr,

Spcnfr.

Enti'rely. da'z'. [from ^w//Vc.]

1. In the whole; without divilion.

Euphrates, running, (inkcth partly into the lakes
of Chaldea, and lalls not entirely into the Pcrlian fea.

Kale'igb.

2. Completely ; fully.

Here finilh'J he, and all that he had made
Vicw'd, and beheld ! all w.is entirely good. Milton,

Chyle may be fjid to be a vr-^ctable juice in the
ftomach and inteftines; as it pjffcth into the laile-
als it grows ftill more animal, and when it has cir-
culated often with the blood, it is entirely (a.

Ail.uthnot.

General confent entirety altered the whole frame
of their government. S-wift,

3. With firm adherence ; faithfully.

Which when his pcnfive lady faw from far.
Great woe and forrow did her foul .ifTay,

\^ weening at the lad end of the war.
And 'gan to highcft God (*/////y/v pray. Fairy ^ten.

Enti'r£nss8. fi.f, [fromc';;///v,]

E N T

1. Totality; completenefs ; fulnefs.

In anarch, each lingle llone, which, if CtvtttA
from the reft, would be perhaps defencelcl's, is fuffi-
cicntly fecurcd by the folidity and entireiitfs of the
whole fabrick, of which it is a part. Boyle,

2. Honefty; integrity.
ToEnti'tle. "j.a. [erttitu/er, ¥ rsnch.}

1. To grace or dignify with a title or ho-
nourable appellation.

2. To give a title or difcriminative appel--
lation ; as, to entitle a book.

Bcfidcs the Scripture, the books which they call
ecclefiaftical were thought not unworthy to be brought
into publick audience, and with that name they enm
titled the books which we term Apocryphal. Hooker,

Next favourable thou,
Who highly thus ro entitle me vouchfaf 'll
Far other name delerving ! Milton's Paradife Lejf,

3. To fuperfcribe, or prefix as a title.
How ready zeal for party is to entitle chriltianity

to their defigns, and to charge atheifmon thofe who
will not fubmit. Locke,

We have been entitled, and have had our names
prefixed at length to whole volumes of mean produc*
tionc. SiX'ift.

4. To give a claim to any thing.

But we, del'cended from your facred line
Entitled to your heav'n, and rites divine.
Are baniih'd e.vrth. Dryden' s VirgiT,

Cod difcovCTs the martyr and confcfTor without
the trial of flames and tortures, and will hereafter
entitle many to the rewards of adioi.s which they
had never the opportunity of performing. Addifon.

He entitled himfelf to the continuance of tlic-
divine ptoteCtion and goodiiefs, by humiliation and.
prayer. Atterbury.

Hardly even is the penitent (inner faved; thus diffi-
cult is that duty, by which alone he can be reconciled
to his Creator, and entitled to the mercies of the
gofpel. Rogers.

5. To grant a thing as claimed by a title.

This is to entitle God's care how and to what we ■
pleafe. Locke,

E'ntity. fi.f. [?»/;>«/, low Latin.]
I. Something which really is ; a real being.
Dear hope, earth's dowry and heaven's debt.
The entity of things that are not yet :
Subt'lcft, but furcft being. Crajb.itv,

Fortune is no real entity, nor phyfical elienue,.
but a mere relative (ignitication. Bentley,

Here entity &ni quiddity.
The fouls ot defunct bodies fly. Hiidiiras,.

z. A particular fpecies of being.

All eruptions of air, though fmall and flight, give
an entity oi found,, which we call crackling, pufBng,
and fpitting; as in bay fait and buy leaves, caft into-
the fire. Bacon.

God's decrees of falvafion and damnation, both
Romilli and Reformed, affix to men's particular en--
tiiy, abfolutely confidereJ, without any refpedt to
demeanours. Hammond's Fundamentals,

To Fnto'il.i;. ti. [from /o;7.] Toenfnare;.
to entangle ; to bring into toils or nels.

He cut off their land-fortes from their ftiips, and
entailed both their navy and their camp with a greater
power than theirs, both by fea and hnd. Bacon,

To Ento'mb. -v, a [ixQTa tomb,} To put
into a tomb ; to bury.

HrorelTions were fiift begun for the interring of.
holy martyrs, and the vifitiiigof ihofe places where
they were entombed. Hooker,

The cry went once for thee, and yet it may again.
If thou wouliift not entomb thyfelf alive.
And cafe thy reputation in a tent. Sbakefpearet

They within the beail's vaft womb.
The choice and Bower of all their troops entomb;

Deuham, -

E'ntrails. w./. without a fingular. \en~-
trnillei, Fr. s>Tf«i».]

I. 'Ihe inteilincs; the inward parts; the-
guts.

What, hath thy fiery heart fo parch 'd thine entrails, .
That not a tear can fall? Sbakejh, //,«)•» VI..

ThUT

E T<I T

The nlrnUt are all without bones; tkvt that a
bone it fometimei found in the heart of a (lag.

Bacon' t Nat. llifi.
1 tear that harden'd heart from out her brcaft,
Which with her entrails makes my hungry hounds a
feaft. Drydtn.

s. The internal parts.

A precious ring that lightens all the hole,
And fhews the ragged entrails of this pit. Sbalrfp.
He had brought to light but little ot that Irealure,
that lay fo long hid in 3ie dark entrails of America.

Locke.

Tlie earth hath loft

Moft of her ribs, as entrails j being now.

Wounded no Icfs for marble than for io\d. Beit-jfcnfon.

To Entra'il. v. a. [itttrakiare, Italian.]

To mingle; to interweave; todivcrfify.

Over him, art ftri»ing to compare
Wi h nature, did an arbor green difpred,

Framed of wanton ivy, Bow'ring fair.
Through which the fragr.int eglantine did fpread,
His pricking arms entrail'ii with rofes red. Fairy Q^.

A little wicker baiket.
Made of fine twigs, enlrailed curioufly,
In which they gather'd flowers. Spenfn's Protba!,

E'ntrance. ft./, [entrattt, French.]

1 . The power of entering into a place.

Whence are you, fir ? Has the porter his eyes in
his head, that he gives entrance to fuch companions !
Pmv, get you out. Sbakefpeare.

Where diligence opens the door of the underltand-
ing, and impartially keeps it, truth is fure to find
botii an entrance and a welcome too. South,

2. "^1 he aft of entering.

The reafon, that I gather, he is mad.
Is a mad tale he toIJ to-day at dinner,
Of his own door being (hut againll his entrance.

Sbakefftare.
Better far, I guefe.
That we do make our enlraiKe feveral wayi. Sbak.

All the world's a llage.
And all tlie men and women merely plifyers;
They have their exits and their entrances. Hhakefp.

3. The paflltge by which a place is entered;
avenue. ...»

He charged them to keep the paffages of the liiUy
country ; for by them there was an entrance into
JuJea. JuMlh.

Palladio did conclude, that the principal entrance
was never to be regulated by any certain dimcnfvini,
but by the dignity of the mailer. H otton.

Many are the ways that lead
To his grim cave, all difmal ! yet to fenfe
More terrible at th' entrance than within. Milton.

Let this, and every other anxious thought.
At th' entrance of my thrclhjld be forgot. Dryjtn.

4. Initiation ; commencement.

This is that which, at firft <■»/«»« baulks and
tools them : they wa:il their liberty. Locke.

5. Intelkftual ingrcfs; knowledge.

He that travelleth a country before he hath fome
entrance into the language, g'leth to fchool, and not
to travel. Bacon's EJfays.

6. The aft of taking poffcffion of an office
or dignity.

From the tirft entrance of this king to his reign,

never was king either more loving, or better beljved.

Hayw. Ed'M. VI.

J, The beginning of any thing.

St. Augulline in the rff/rdwc** of one of his fcrmons,
aukes a kind of apology. Hakewellon Providence.
The earl of Holland we have had occafion to men-
tion before in the tiill entrance upon this difcourfe.

Clarendon.
To Entra'nce. v. n. {from tratrcf ; Iranfe,
French, from /raw/Iii, Latin, to pafs over;
to pafs for a time from one region to
another.]
I. To put into a trance; to withdraw the
foul wholly to other regions, while the
boily appears to lie in a ilead flecp.
Z. To put into an extafy ; to make infenfi-
b!e of prefent objefts.
Willi delight I wa> entranced, mi carried fo far

E N T

from myfelf, m that I am forry that fou ended To
fcoti. Spfnfer.

Adam, iww enforc'd to clofe his eyes.
Sunk down, and all his fpirits became rmramV.

Milton.
And I fo ravilh'd with her heav'nly note,
I ftood cntranc'd, and had no room for thought ;
But all o'erpowxr'd with ecftafy of Wifi,
Was in a plcafing dream of paradife. Dryden.

To Entra'p. f. a. [from tmf.'l

1 . To enfnare ; to catch in a trap or fnare.

Take heed mine eyes, how ye do ftare
Henceforth too ralhly on that guileful net;

In which, if ever eyti entraf fed are.
Out of her bands ye by no means (hall get. Spenfer.

Th; fraud of England, not the force of France,
Hath now entraft the noble-minded Talbot. Sbak.

2. To involve unexpcftedly in difEcuIties or
diftrefles ; to entangle.

Misfortune waits advantage \o entrap
The man mollwary,inhsr whelming lap. Fairy S^u.
He fought to entrap me by iutdligence. Sbakijp.

3. To take advantage of.

An injurious perfon lies in wait to entrap thee in
thy words. EcclrJ. viii. n.

To Entre'at. v. a. \traeter, French.]

1 . To petition ; to folicit ; to importune.

Ifaac entreated the Lord for his wife.

Gen. XXXV. 21.

2. To prevail upon by folicitation.

I have a wife, whom 1 proteH, I love;
1 would the were in heaven, lb (he could
Entreat fome pow'r to change this curriih Jew.

Sbakefpeare.

The Lord was entrealeJ oi him, and Rebecca his
wi fe conceived . Gen . xxv. 1 1 .

It were a fruitlefs attempt to appeafe a power,
whom no prayers could cntteat, no repentance re-
concile. Rogtrs.

3. To treat or ufe well or ill.

Whereas thy fervant worketh truly, entreaf him
rot evil. Ecclef. vii. 20.

Muft you, fir John, proteft my lady here ?
Entreat her not the worlc in that 1 pray
You ufe lier well. Sbakrfpeare'i Henry VL

Well I. entreated her, who «cll deierv'd :
I callM her often ; for (he always ferv'd :
Ufe made her j-erfon eafy to my fight.
And cjfcinfenlibly produc'd delight. Prior.

4. To entertain; to amufe. Notufed.

My lord, I muft entrtat the time alone.
— God fhield 1 ihould diftutb devotion. Shakrfp.

5. To entertain; to receive. Not in ufe.

The garden of Proferuino this hight.
And in ihomidll thereof a filver feat.

With a thick arbour goodly overdight.
In which (he often us'd, from open heat,
Hcrfcif to (hroud, and plcafures to eiureat. Fairy S>^
ToEntrk'at. f. n,

1. To offer a treaty orcorapaft. Not ufcti.

Alexander was the firft that entreated peace with
thv-m. Mac.

2. To treat ; to difcourfe. Not ufed;

The moft admirable myftery of nature is the
turningof iron, touched with the lo;idftonc, toward
the North-pole, of which I (lull have farther occafi.in
to entreat. Uakeviill.

3. To make a petition.

They charged me, on pain of perpetual Jifpleafurr,
neither to fpeak of him, entreat for him, or any way
fuftain liim. Sbakefpeare.

'I'hc Janizaries entreated Sot them, as valiant men.

Knolles,

Entre'atance. »./. [from «//fM/.] Pe-
tition; entreaty; follicitation. Notufed.

Tijcfc twn entreatance made ihcy might be heard,
Nor was their juft petition long deny'd. Fahjax.
ENTRtATV. n. J. [from entreat.'\ Peti-
tion; prayer; follicitation; fupplication ;
requell.

If niy weak orator
Cm ficm his mother win the duke of Yori{>
Anon exped him here; but if (he b«
Obdurate ta entrmiies. Cod forbid

E N V

We (liouU infringe the holy privilege

Of fsniVuary. Sbakefpeare' s Richard Ilf.

ENTliBME'TS. n.f. r French.] Small plates
fet between the main difhes.

Chards of beet are plants of white beet tranf-
planted, producing great tops, which, in the midlf,
hive a large white main Ihoot, which is rile true
chard ufed in pottages and entremets. Moriimer.

E'ntry. «./. [frovn enttr ; entree, French.]
I . The paffage by which any one enters a
houfe.

fome there are that know the reforts and falls of
bufinefs, that cannot fink into the main of it; Kke
a houfe that hath convenient llairs and entries, but
never a fair room. Bacon.

A ftiait long entry to the temple led.
Blind with high walls, and horror over head. Diyi,

Is all this hurry made
On this account, becaufe thou art afraid
A dirty hull or entry fhould offend.
The curious eyes of thy invited friend ? Dryd.

We proceeded through the enrry, and were ne-
ce(rarily kept in order by the fiiuation. Tatter,

1. The aft of entrance ; ingrefs.

Bathing and anointing give a relaxation or «mol-
lition ; and the mixture of oil and water is belter
than either of them alone, becaufe water entercth
better into the pores, and oil after entry foftenetli
better. Bacon's Natural Hijlor^.

The lake of Conftance is formed by the enrry of
the Uhine. AddifM.

By the entry of tJie chyle and air into the blood,
by the lafleals, the animal may again revive.

Arhmknut on Alimen:s,

3. The aft of taking poffcffion of any cllaie.

4. The aft of regiftering or fetting down
in writing.

A notary made an entry of this aft. Bacan,

5. The ac^ of entering puWickly into any
city.

The day being come, he made his entry : he wis
a man of middle Itature and age, and comely. Bacm.
To Enu'bilate. 1'. a. [e and nubile, La-
tin.] To clear from clouds. Dili.
To Enu'cleatb. f. a, \ertiicleo, Latin.]
To folve; to clear; to difentangle. Diet,
To Enve'lop. <v. a. [errvelofer, French ]

1. To iiiwrap; to cover; to inveft withforac
integument.

2. To cover; to hide; to furround.

The beft and wholelom'ft fpirits of the night en.
velop you, good provoft. Sbakefp. Meaf.for Mcaf.

A cloud of fmokc envelops either holt.
And all at once the combatai.ts are loft :
Darkling ihcy join adverfe, and fhock unfeen,
Courfers wiih courfere juftiiig, men with men. DryJ.

It is but to approach nearer, and that mift thaC
enveloped iliem will remove.

Nod^uraal (hades
Tfiis world envelop, and th' inclement air
Pcrfuades men to repel benu.nbing frolls. Philips.

3. To line; to cover on the infide.

His iron coat, all overgrown wiih tuft.
Was underneath enveloped with gold,
Daik'ned with filthy duft. Fairy ^ueen,

ENFELO'PE. n.f. [French.] A wrapper;
an outward cafe ; an integument; a cover.

Send ihcfc to paper-fpating fop e ;
And, when lie fit* to write,
No letter with An envelope
Could give him more delight. Svift.

To Enve'nom. -v. a. [iiom venom. '\
I. To tinge with poifon; topoifon; to im-
pregnate with venom. It is never ufed
of the perfon to whom poifon is given,
but of tue draught, meat, or inftrument
by which it is conveyed.

The treacherous iiiftrument is in thy hand,
Uiibalcd and envensm'd. Sbtkefpeare,

Alcide?, from Occhalia crown'd
With con*|ueft, feltth' etnfenom'd rohc, and tore,
TUro' paiii, up by the tgou Thelfaliaa pines. Milt.

Not

fi N V

Tv'or with eHvfiom'J ton juc to blaft tfis.fiiwe'
Of harmleft men. Philips.

*.. To make odious.

Oh, what a world is t* ;, whtn what is comely
fffViT/awf him that bears it! Shakef. Asyoullkcit,
3. To enrage; to exafperate,

Withherlull force (he threw the pois'nousdart,
And fix'd it deep witliin Amata's heart ;
That thus envmom'd flie might kindie rjge
And facrificc to ftrife her houle and hulband'iagK

Dryicn.

E'nviable. adj, [from <«-^'.] Defervlng
envy; fuch as may excite envy.

Tlicy, in an /»v/ai/(f mediocrity of fortune, do
happ\Jj' poiTefs thcmfclves. Car^iv's Sui'v. "JCorniu,

E'nvier. »./. \i\OTa etniy.'\ One that en-
vies another] a tnaligner; one that defires
the downfall of another.

Men had need beware how fhey be too perfeiS
in compliments; for thatenv/Vrx will giv-tthemtiiat
! attribute to tiicdifjdvautage of their virtues. Baion.
They ween'd
To win the mount of God, and on his throne
To fet the emner of his (late, the proud
Alpiier; but their thoughts prov'd fond and vain.

Millon.
AU preferments in church and (late were given
by him, all his kindred and friends proinoted, and
all his enemies and cm'itrs difcountenanced.

Clarendon

E'n'Vious. ff.^'. [fromr^xy.l

1. Infefted with envy; pained by the ex-
cellence or happinefs of another.

A man of the moll rnvituf difpontion that ever
infeficd the air with his breath, whofe eyes could
not look right upon any happy man, aor ears bear
the burden of any man's prail'c, SiJ/j^y.

Still in thy right hand carry gentle peace,
To filonce crmljui tonguei. Shakrff, Utnry VIII.

2. Sometimes with agahifi.

Be not thou fWT/ci^j *7^j/7j^ evil men. Vrov. xxiv. 19.

3. Sometimes with at.

Neither be thou twvim at the wicked.

Prav, tivt. 19.

4. Commonly with of.

Sure you miftake'the precept, or the tne ;
Heaven cannot einhui 3^ his bleflings be. DryJtn.

E'nvioxjslY. adv. [itota eu'viori:.'] With
envy ; with malignity ; with ill-will, ex-
cited by another's good.

Damned fpirits, being fallen from heaven, en-
deavour tnv'iQvfly to obftrufl the ways that may lead
us thither. Dufpa.

How rrrvioufly the ladies look,
^\hen ihey ftirprife me at my book !
And fure .is they're alive at night,
.^s foon as gone, will (hew their fp ght. Sm'!/i.

To Envi'ron. t; a. [inziironntr, French.]

1. To furroand ; to encompafs ; to encircle.

1 lUnd.;is one upAn a rock,
. Envir'yx'J wilb a wiiderneis of (ej. SiairJ^arr.

The countr)' near unto the city of Sultama is on
every tide envlntied with huge mountains,

KmMe,.

The manifold ftreami of goodly navigable rivers,
as To many chains, rnvlrotuj the faine lite and
<emple; _ Bacon.

Vviihin the tnv'inaitig rocks ftood the city. Sandys.

Thought following thought, and ftep bj llepledon,
He eoter'd now the bordering defart wild.
And with dark Ihades and rocks mvircn'J round,
Hi's holy meditation thus purfu'd. Millon.

Cod hath Ic.ittettd feveral degrees of pleafure and
piia in all thingi that tntiruit and aBeft us, and
blended them together in aknod all our ihoughK.

2. To involve; to envelope.

May never glorious fun reBeft his l>eam«
l^pon the country where you make abode !
But darkoef] and the gloomy (hiie of death .
. £in>lm you, 'till mifchicf and J>:rpair

Crir/e you te break your necks. Sbakeff. Henry VI.
Since (lie muU go, and 1 mull ipourii, come, night,
tni-ircH mc wilb daiknefi whillt I 'write. 'Dtmc
Vol. I.

E N V

'3. To furroimd in a hoftile mannet; to be-
fiege; to hera in* •

Methought-a legion of foul fiends
Envirmcd ms, and howled in mine ears. Sbaktfp,

la thy danger.
If ever danger do cfitiroii thee.
Commend thy grievance to iriy holy prayer. Shahf,

1 did but i>rompt the age to quit their clogs,
By the known ruks of ancient liberty.
When llraight a barbarous noife environs me. Mih.

4. To inclofe; to invert.

The foldier, that man or" iron.
Whom ribs of horrour .ill environ, Cleaveland.

Envi'rons. II. /.[fuviio.is, French.] The

neighbourhood, or neighbouring places

round about the country,
fo ENU'MERATE.'t'. a. [euumero, Latia.]

To reckon up fingly ; to count over di-

fcinclly; to number.
You murt not only acknowledge to God that you

are a (inner, but mult particularly enumerate the

kind* 01' fin whereof you knovf yourfelf guilty.

. U^aU's Pfifarationfor Death.

Befldes atum-tating the giols deled of duty to

the que:;n, i (iiew how all things were managed

v.rong. SrtJft.

Enumera'tion. n.f. [emtmciatie, Latin.]

The ati of numbering or counting over;

number told out,

Whofbever reads St. PauVtenniiieratlonof duties,
mull cjncljdc, that well nigh the bulinel's of Chii-
iliaiiity is laid on charity. Sprait,

'i'h« chemills make fpirit, fait, Tulphur, water,
and earth their five elements, though they are not
all agreed m this enum^raiion of elements. IVatis.

To ENU'NCMTE. i>. a. [ennmin, Latin.]
To declare; to proclaim; to relate; to
exprefs.
Enuncia'tion. v. /. \enunciatio, Latin.]
t. Declaration; publick. atteftation; open
proclamation.

Preaching is to (trangen and infants in Chrid, to
produce faith; but this facramental enunciation is
the declaration and conlenion ol it by men jn Chrill,
declaring it to be done, and owned, and accepted,
and prevailing. Taylor.

2. Intelligence ; information.

It remembers and retains (uch things at were
never at all in thefenfej as the co:.ceptions, etuin-
ciaiions, and ai^ions ol the intelicdt and will.

Utile's Origin of Mani-ind.

J. Exprcflioa.

Enu'kciative. adr. [from eitundale.]
Declarative; expteifive.

Tliis prelumpiioa 0i:ly proceeds in refpeA of the

dil'poruive words, and not in regard of the enunciatlve

terms thereof. Ayliffe.

E N u ' .N- c J A T I V E L y . adv. [from ettumia'tivc. ]

Declariitivcly,
E'nvoy. n.f. [env^r, French.]
I. A publick miniltet fent from one power
to another.

Now the Lycian lots confjjire
With I'htsbu jj Slow Jove's envoy through the air
brings difmal tidings. ' Denbam,

Perfeus fent envoys to Carihafe to kindle their
hatred ag linft the Romans, Arbutbnot on Ceini.

z. A publick mcffenger, in digoJty below
an ambaflador. .

3. A mcircnger.

The watthfutfentinelt XI every p^e.

At cv'rypafTage to the fenfes.wait;

Still travtl to and fro tlie nerroiu way.

And their imprelTions to the bt ain convey;

Where their report the vital eni/iyi make.

And with ncH trdcu ate commanded back.

Btacimsre.
To E'NVY, V, p. [eavkr, French; invidere,

Latin.]
I . To hate another Cor ^ccUcncc, happi-

neft, of fuccciJ.

E O L '

lE»vy thou not the opprefTor, and chiife none of
his ways. prov. lii. 31.

A woman does not envy a man for fighting cou-
rage, nor a man a woman for her beauty.

Collier of Envy.

2» To grieve at any qualities of excellence
in another.

I have feen the 5ght,
When I have envied thy behaviour. Shakeffeare,
_ You cannot en-uy your neighbour's wifdom, if he
gives you good caunfel ; nor his riches, if he ftipplies
you in your wants ; nor his greataefs, if he employs
It to yourproteftion. Swift.

3. To grudge ; to inipart unwillingly ; to
withold malicJouny.

Jonlbn, who, by ftuilying Horace, had been ac-
quainted with the rules, fcemed to en-vy ethers that
knowledge. Dryden.

To E'nvy. v. It, To feel envy; to feel pain
at the fight of excellence or felicity : with
at.

In feeking tales and informations
Againft this man, whofe honclly the devil
And his difciplcs only envy at.
Ye blew the tire that bums ye. Shalief. H.nryWW.

He that loves God is not difpljafed at accidents
which God chufcs, nor envies at thofc gifts he bc-
"OWS. taylor.

Who would envy at the prcrpcrity of the wicked,
aad the fuccefsi>4 perfecu tors? Taylor,

E'nvy. «,/. [from the verb.]

1 . Pain felt and malignity conceived at the
fight of excellence or h-ippincfs.

Envy is a repining at the profperity pr good of
another, or anger and difplcafure at any good of
another which we want, or any advant.ige another
hath above us. Ray on iheCreation.

Envy, to which th' ignoble mind's a (lave.
Is emulation in the learn 'd or brave. Pofe,

2. It is ufed foraetiracs with of.

All the confpirators, fave only he.
Did that they did in envy of great Carfar. Shakefp,

3. Sometimes with to.

Many fuffcred death merely in envy to their vir-
tuous and luperiour genius. Sviifi.

4. Rivalry; competition.

You mav fee the parliament of, women, the littls
if/n/iV/of them to one another. DryJrti.

5. Malic-e; malignity.

^ Madam, this is a mecr diftraftion ;
You turn the good we otfer \tAoenvy. Sbakfffear,^

6. Publick odium; ill repute; iiividioul-
nefs.

Edward Plantagenet (liould be (liewed unto the
people; todifchaige the king of the envy of that
opinion and bruit, how he had been put to death

Jf'^jh- , £aco».

To htiWHz'tL.v. a. [from -w/^c'/.] To
encompafs; to encircle, A word proba-
bly peculiar to Shakeffeare. ' s

Hail to thee, lady! and the grace of heay'n.
Before, behind thee, and on ev'ry hand
Envikel thee round. Shakcffcare's Olbellt,

To Enwo'mb. -v. a, [(xomnvomb.']

I. To make pregnant.

Me then he left emmmbtd ol this child,
Thib lucklcfs child, whoai thusyc fee with blootj.

Spenfef,
I 'm your mother J
And put you in the catalogue of tliofe
That were emuombed mine. Shukefpeart^

I. To bury ; to hide as in a womb.

Or as the .\frick niger(h-cam envjomis
llfelf into the earth, and after comes,
Having firft made a natural bridge to paff,
for many leagues, far greater than it was ;
May't not be faid, that her grave (ball reftore
Her greater, purer, finer than belbre i Donne.

Eo'lipils. St./. [from -rffti/w and ///«.] A
hollow ballof met'iL witha long pipe;
which ball, filled with water, and ex-
po fed to tile fite, fends out, a^ the water
4 "> hcAM,

E P H

heats, at intervals, blafts of cold wind
through the pipe.

CoiinJering the rtni^re of thai globe, the ei-
lerior criul, and the watcn lying round under it,
kotb expoTcd to the Tun, we may fitly com|ftrc it to
•a rJifiU, or an Kollow fphcre with water ia it,
which llie heat oi' the fire rarefies, and turns into
vapours and wind. £urne[*t ^Tvt!srj of the £arth.

Epa'ct. »./• ['«••""».] A number, where-
by wc note the exce(s of the common fo-
lar vear above the lunar, and thereby may
find out the age of the moon every year.
For the folar year confiding of 365 days,
the lonar but of 354, the lunations every
year get eleven days before the folar year :
and thereby, in 19 years, the moan com-
pletes 20 minutes iz lunations, or gets
up one whole folar year; and having fi-
nifhed that circuit, begins again with the
fun, and fo from 19 to J9 years. For
the firft year afterwards the moon will go
before the fun but 11 days; the fecond
year 22 days; the third 33 days: but 30
being an entire lunation, call that away,
and the remainder 3 (hall be that year's
cpa£l; and fo on, adding yearly 1 1 da)s.
1 o find the epa^, having the prime or
golden number given, you have this rule :

I>ivide bv three ; Tor each one left add ten ;

Thirty rcje& ; the prime mak.cs efuli then. Hurfis.

As the cycle of the moon ferves 10 lliew tlie efailt,

and that of the fun the domiaicAl letter, throughout

all their variations ; fo this Dionyfian period lerves

to (liew thefe two cycles both together, and how

they priced or vary all along, 'till at laft they ac-

complilh their period, and both togeilicr take their

beginning again, after every 5 J 2d year. Uildir.

Epa'ulmint. n. /. [French, from //Wf,

a Ihoulder.] In fortification, a fidcwork

made either of earth thrown up, of bags

of earth, gabions, or of fafcines and eartli.

It fometimes denotes a femibaftion and a

fquare orillion, or mafs of ea: ch faced and

lined with a wall, defigned to cover the

cannon of a cazemate. Harris.

Epe'nthesis. »./. [tT«;J««-tj.3 [In gram-

nur.] The addition of a vowel or con-

fonant in the middle of a word. Harn'i.

R'PH/J. n.J'. [Hebrew.] A meafure among

the Jews, containing fiften folid inches.

The *fka and the bath ihall be of one mer.furc ;
that the bath may contain tlie tenth part of aa
honer, and the tpha the tenth part of au homer.

Extkiti.
EpHe'mEK*. 7/./; [t^i)^if».]

1. A fever that terminates in one day.

2, An infeft that lives only one day.
Ephe'meral. "XaJj. [i<^/*i{io«.] Diurnal;
EpHE'MEmcit. J beginning and ending

in a day.

This vm no more than a mere bubble or blaft,
and lilcc an efijbtmiraj tit ot applaufe. ffbtien.

EPilE'MERlS. ».j: [i(h*H^.^

I. A journal; an account of daily tranftc-

tions.
,2. Pitt account of tlie daily motions and fi-

tiiations of the plar.ets.

When caftmg up his eyes agalnll the light.
Both month and day, and hour he raeafut'd right ;
And told more truly than the t^b^mtns j
for art may err, but nature cannot mili. DrjJin.

Eriib'MERlST. K./. [imin rphtnieris.'] One
who confults the planets ; one who ftudies
or pr.-ii\ircs ailrology.

The iiiglit bci'iic, be wa> dilcourfmg of and
digliling (he art ot fiiolilh afUologtrs, and gcnc-
iliijcal rpitmeri^i, tfa*l pry iuta Ihe Itorufcope of
•aiivuict. i^ntttl.

PT

lEFHEXltllON-WORM. «. /. [ftOIO \i(iiu^n

and ivorm.^ A fort of worm that lives
but a day.

Swammerdam ohfervej of the (fitmiroK-ivtm-;
that their food is clay, and that lliey make their
cells of the fame. Dnhum.

EpHOD. //./. [.11D«] A fort of ornament
worn by the Hebrew pricfts. That worn
by the high priell was richly compofed of
gold, blue, purple, crimfon, and twilled
cotton ; and upon the part which came
over his two fhoulders were two large
precious ftones, upon which were en-
graven the names of the twelve tribes of
Ifrael, upon each ftone fix names. Where
the ephod crofied the high prieft's bread,
was a fquare ornament, called the brealt
plate; in which twelve precious ftones
were fet, with the names of the twelve
tribes of Ifrael engraved on them, one on
e^ach ftone. The ephods worn by the
other priefts were of plain linen. Calmet.

He made the ephod oi gold, blue, and purple, and
fcarlet, and fine twined linen. £xod, xxxix. z.

Array 'din rpbodi ; nor fo few
As are thofe pearls of morning dew,
Which hang on herbs and flowers. Sandyt.

E'pic. adj. [epicus, Latin; 'ttoi.'] Narra-
tive; comprifmg narrations, not acted,
but rehearfed. It is ufually fuppofed to
be heroick, or to contain one great aftion
atchieved by a hero.

Holmes, whofc name (hall live ia efh fong,
While mufic numbers, or while verfc lias feet. DryJ.

The ej'ic poem is more for the manners, and the
tragedy lor the paiuons. Drydtn.

Froin morality they formed that kind of poets and
fable which wc q^ll cyie. Brtomi.

Epicu'dium. a.'/. [!T(K^««,.l .^^S^f^'

a poem upon a funeral.
You from above (hall hear each day

One dirge dilpatch'd unto your day ;

Thefe, your own anthems, Ihall becsme

Your lading ificcdium, Sandyt'i P,ir,it>'orii,fi.

E'PICURE. ». /. [epkurcus, Latin, j A

follower of Epicurus ; a man given wholly

to luxury.

Then fly falfe thanes.

And mingle with the Englilh epieilret.-. Sbatrfp.
The epicure bucklei to ftudy, When (h.imf, or

the defire to recommend hirafcif to his millrcls,

(hall make him uncafy ip tlie want of any fart oi

knowledge. ' _ Locke.

Epictj'REAN.fli^'. Luxurious } contributing
to luxury.

Tie up the libertine in a iield of feafts.
Keep his brain fuming; epieureqn cooVSf
Sh.irpen witt^ tioylefs fauce his appetite. Shakeff.

What jdamii'd <'^K'««<i«rafcal is this! Shak.

E'l'icuRiSM. n. f. [from epicure.'] Lux-
ury; fenfual enjoyment; grofs pleafure.

Here do you keep a hundred knights and fcjuires;
Men lb diforder'd, fo debauch'd, aad bold.
That this our court, infcfled with their manners.
Shews like 0 riotous inn ; epicurifm and lull
Make it a tavern or a brothel. Hijuke/f. King Lear.

There •« not hslf fo much ificurijm in any of
their mod ftudied lujurics, as a bleeding fame at
their mercy. (■'■i''. ernment of lh< lang^i.

Some good men have ventured to call munificence,
the greaieft I'eiifuality, a piece of eficmi/vi.

Ca/jmj's SermetiJ.

To EpicORi'zE. v. a. [from £//(■«»•/«.] To
devour like an epicure. A word not ufed.

While I could fee thee full of eager pain
My greedy eyes epicurix'd on thine. F/aU/ian.

Epicy'cle. «./ [iVi and kma©'.] A little
circle whofe centre is in the circumference
of a greater; or'a fthall «rb, which, being

t P I

in the defereni.of a planet, is carried along .
with its motion; and yet, with its owa
peculiar motion, carries the body of the
planet fafteiied to it round about its pro-
per centre. Harris,
In regard of the epicycle, or lefler orb, whereiit
it moveth, the motion of the moon is various and
unequal. lirQVJt*-

Gird the fphete
With centric and eccentric, fcribbi'd o'Sr;
Cycle and epycUle, orb in orb. Militn'i Par. Loji^

Epicy'cloid. n.f. [jTixmtAeiiJijj.] A curve-
generated by the revolution of the peri-
phery of a circle* along the convex or
concare part of another circle» Harris^

Ep 1 d e;m 1 c ai,. 1 .. ^j^^ ^, ^.^^-j.

EPIDE MICK. J •' r- J

u That which falls at once upon great
numbers of people, as a plague.

It was conceived not to be an efedcmic difeafe,.faut
to proceed from a malignity in the conltitution of l}i&
air, gathered by the predifpoTitionsof feafons. fior^'r..

As the proportion of epidewicai difeafes (hews the
aptnefs ot the air to fudden and vehement imprcf—
fions, the chronical difeafes ihcw the ordinal^ temper
of the plhce. Crjunt,.

2. Generally prevailing; affefting great
numben.

The more epidemical, and prevailiog this evil iv
the mote boaourabla are thole who thine as etcep-^
tions. Souib,.

He ought to have been bufied in lofing his money,.
or in other amuferaents equally laudable and epi-
dt:rnick among perfons of honour. H^'ifr,

3, General; univerfal. Not ufed, nor
proper^

They're citizens o* th' world, they're all in all:
Scotland's a nation epidtmic.il. CUui>eUnd.

EpiDt'RMis^. n.f. [J TiiJif /*'«•] The fcarf-

flcin of a man's body.
E'PIGRAM. n.f. [fpigrammat Latin.] A.

;lhort poem terminating in a point.

A colkgc of witcrackers canuoi flout me out of my
humour: do'lt thou think I can for a fatire or an
epigram ? ShaUfpeare.

. What can be more witty than the epigram uf
Moorc upon the name of Nicolaus, an ignorant phy-
&ciaa that 'ludi been thi death of thoufands ?

Peachmn tfPuiry.
\ wijit
All epigam that boalU more tmih than wit. Gey.
Epigramm a'tical, 1 aiij.\epigrtiiitmati(iis,
Epioramma'tick. J Latin,]

1. Dealing in epigrams; writing epigrams..

Our good epigrammaticaJ poet, old Godfrey of*
Winchcller, thiiiketh no ominous fojcfpcaking to lie
in names. ^ Camdex.

2. Suitable to epigrams j belonging to epi-
grams.

He it every where above ctmceiis otepigrammjtieh
wit and grofs hyperboks.: he maintains majclly in
the midll of plainnefs ; he fhines but glares not ;
and Is ftately,. without ambition. jiddifo".

He has none of thofe little jwints and puerilities
that are fo often to be met with ih Ovid; none ol
the epigran:iratici turns of I.ucan; jione of thofe
f\vellit:g fciitimcnts which are fo frequent in Slatius
and Claudiau ; none of thofe mixt emhcllilhmcnts of
Taifo. Addifon.

Ef igra'mmatist. 71./. [from epigram.]
One \»ho writes or deals in epigrams.

A jeft upon a poor wi', at firft might have had
an efiframinalijt for its father, and been afterwards
grately underUood by fome jiainful coUetlor. Pi^pe.

Such a cuftomer the tpigrammatift Martial meets
withal, one who, after he had walked through the
falrcrt itrcettwiceor thrice, cheapening je« els, plate,
rich hangings, came away with a wooden dilh.

Peacbaif,

Epi'oraphie. n.f. [imyf»<pi.] An in-

fcription on a ftatue. Dia,

^ E'PILEPSy

fi p I

or convulfive motion of the whole body,
or fome of its parts, with a lofs of fenfe.
A convulfive motion happens when the
l)lood, or nervous fluid, runs into anj-
part with {o great violence, that the mind
cannot rcftrain them. ^ ^imcj.

Mv lord is fell into an e^'lrffy ■
Thit'is the fecond tit. Hiaiefpeare' s Otbillo.

Melancholy diftempere are deduced from fpirits
drawn from that cachochymia-, the phrcnitis from
cholerick fpirits, and the rfHrpfy from fumes.

Player ox the Humours^
flriLF-'pTlcit. aJJ. [from efiltjyjy.] Con-
vulfed ; difeafed with an epilepfy.

A plague upon your efHefikk vilage !
Smile you my fpceches, as 1 were a fool ? Shirie/p,
£fileflicis ought to breathe a pure air, unaffected
with any fteams, even fuch as are very fragrant.

Jtrbutbnot wJ Diet.

E'fiLocut. «. /. {tpilagus, Latin.] The
poem or fpeech at the end of a play.

If it be true that good wine needs no bulh, 'tis
true that a good play needs no ef>iUgue ; yet to good
wTrie they do ulegood bulhes, and good plays prove
the better by the help of good epUognes. Sbt>e/iK

Are you mad, you dog?
1 am to life and fpeak the epilogu*. Dryden.

E«int'ctis. 17. J. \hiaiii\i^,\ A fore at the
corner of the eye.

The etinyflit is of the bigncfs of a lupin, of a
duflcy red, and fomctimes of a livid and pale colour,
with great indammaHon and pain. IVifeman's Surg.

Kn'pHANY. n. f, r»»if«rii«,] A church
feftival, celebrated oft the twelfth day
after Chriftmas, in iommemorationof our
Saviour's being marlifefted to tht; world,
by the appearance ol a miraculous blazing
ftar, which conduced the magi to the
-place where he was. Diet,

Ef irHONE'HA, a. /. fiVi^«'i)^,] An ex-
clantration ; a conclufive fentence not clofe-
ly ccmnefted with the words foregoing.

i know a gentleman, who made ija rule in read.-
-ing (o Ikip ow alt fcnrcncts where 'he fpicd a note
of admiration at the end. If thofe preachers who
Abound in epithincmai would but look about them,
they would hnd one part of their congregation out
of countenance and the other alleep, except perhaps
an old female beggar or two in the ides ; who, if
they be &ncerc, may probably groan at ihe found.

Sivift.
Em'phor.v. »./. [«ri'(p«f«.] An inflamma-
tion of any part, bt:t more efpecially a
defluxion of humours on the eyes. Harris.
^PIPBYLtosr E'iMous. atij. [from Wi,
^cIaaop and <rx«jfo«,] Is applied to planti
that bear their feed on the back part ©f
tneir leaves. Harris.

Epi'phvsis, ti. /. [«»ii^t«ri«»] Accretion;
•the part added by accretion j one bone
growing t© another by fimple contiguity,
without any proper articulation, i^incj.

The efifhjifit of the os femoris ii a diilindl bjn«
from it in a child, whereas in a man they do en-
tirely unite. Ififeman.

Epi'floce. n.f. IititA**)),] A figure of
rhetorick, by which one ager.-ivation, or
(Iriking circumftance, is added in due

fradation to another; as, be not only fparcd
it eiiemiei, but cmtintud them in empliy-
tiUHt; not only <ontiniui, but adoanced them.
Eri'scoPACV. », /. [efi/cipalus, Latin.]
The government of bilhops, the govern-
ment of the churcli eftabiifhed by the
apof^les.

Th- bilhopt dnrll not contdl with the afTcmbly in
jurifdirtion ; fo that there was little more than the
■nK of ifi/npacy p rtfcivU. Clanndtn.

E P I

' Pfe!»<y itftlf Mnnot be tnmi by prefcriptian,
(ince efifcofacy is not prcfcribed by any time what-
foever. AyUJ<:.

Epi'scoPAL. adj. l^Tom epifcapus , Latin.]

1. Belonging to a bifhop.

The plot of difcipline fought to ereft a popular
authority of elders, and to takeaway efifcofni! ju-
rifdidtios. - tlooker.

2. Veiled in a bifhop.

The apolUe commands Titus hot only to be a
pattern of good works himfclf, but to ufe his r/;/-
ro^a/ authority iaeihorting every rank and order of
men. Rogen,

Epi'scop\te. w./. fc/^fa/ff/aj-, Latin.] A
bifhoprick; the office and dignity of a
bilhop.

E'PISODE. «. / [iT.orwJ'a.] An incidental
narrative, or digreffion in a poem, fepa-
rable from the main fubjeft, yet rifmg
naturally from it.

The poem hath no other efifoJei than fuch as
naturally arife from the fubjeft. /iddifon't Sptfiaror.

Episo'dical. J fli^'. [from epi/ode.'^ Con-
Episo'dick. J tained in an epifode ; per-
taining to an epifode.

Kpifodicgl ornaments, fuch as defcriptions and
narrations, were delivered to u> fromtiie obfervations
of Ariftotle. DryJer.

I difcDver the difTerence between the ef'ffojiili anil
principal adion, as welt as the nature otcpifodes.

N'jtes ctn the OJ\Jpy.

Epupa'stick. »./. [iVi and tfjziu.]

1. Drawing.

2. Btiftering. This is now the more fre-
quent, though lefs proper fenfe.

This matter ought to be folicited to the lower
parti, by fomentations, bathings efiffaiickty and
bliltering. Ariatlom.

EPI'-^TLE. w. /. [«Vi«-oAii] A letter. This
word is feldom ufed but in poetry, or on
occafions of dignity and folemnity.

When loofe epiftles violate challe eyes,
She half confent:>, who filently denies. Drjdeit,

Epi'stolary. adj. [from <-/jtf/<-.]

I. Relating to letters ; fuitable to letters.

z. Tranfafted by letters.

I ftiaH carry on an efijlolary correfpondence be-
tween the two heads. Addifon,

Epi'stler. n. J.SJmm epijllt.'] A fcrib-

bler of letters.
E'pitaph. a /. [i».7«;ki«<.] An infcription

upon a tomb.

Live tliU, and write mine efilapb. Shakeff.

Some thy iov'd duli in Parian Itonei enlhrine,
Others immortal epitupbs defign ;
With wit and llrength that only yields to thine.

Smitb.

EprrHAt-A'MiiJM. n, /. [iTi ^tihafb(Sy- .\
A nuptial fongj a compliment upon
marriage.

I prefunK to invite you to thefe facred nuptials:

the etitia/amium fung by a crowned mufe. Sandys.

The forty-fifth pfalm is an epiibaUwium to Chrift

and the dlurch, or to the lamb and his fpoufc. Burnet.

E'pitheM. ti. /. [1'ti3»/*(».] a liquid me-
dicaoient externally Spplied.

EpitbeniTj or cordial applications, are juftly ap-
plied unto the left breaft. Brnvn'i p^uigar Errours.
Cordials and epiibems are alfo necelfary, to refill
the putrelaflion and rtrengllien the vitals.' li'ifvman.
E'PITHET. n.f, [iVlS-tTof,]

1. An adjeflive denoting any quality good
or bad : as, the •verdant grove, the craggy
mountain's laj'ty head.

I affirm with phlegm, leaving the effiibets of falfc,
fcandalous, and villainous, to the author, HiL'ifi,

2. It is ufed by fome writers improperly
for title, name.

The epitijet of {hades belonged more properly to
lh« dariiucft tbao tin icficiliment. Utcay Ijl'iity.

E Q^U

^. It is ufed improperly (otphrafe,exprrJ/ititi.

For which of my good parts did you lirlt fufftr
love for me ?— — .

Suffer love! a good epithet : I do fuffcrlove indeed (

for I love thee againll my will. Sl^akcfpenre,

EPITOME, n.f. [iiTiT.f/,;!.] Abridgement ;

abbreviature; compendious abilta6l; coni'.

pendium.

This is a poor epitome of your's.
Which, by th' interpretation of full time.
May (hew like all yourfelf. Sbakef. Curishnut,

Epitomes are helpful to the memory, and of gocxj
private ufe; but fet forth for publick monuments,
accufe the indufti ious writers of deliveritig much im.
pertinency. ffott.it.

it ivould be wxll, if thert were a fhort and plaint
epitome made containing the moil material heads.

Lociie.

Such abftrafts and epitomes may be reviewed in
their proper places. M-'atii's Jmprrvem. of the Mind.
7s E'piTO.MISE. T. a. [from epitor/ie.]

1. To abftra^; to contract into a narrow
fpace.

Who did the whole world's foul contraft, and droK
Into the glaifcs of your eyes ;
So made fuch mirrours and fuch fpiest
That they did all to you epiiomife. Ddnne.

If the ladies take a lil:ing to fuch a diminutive
fact, tve Ihould fee mankind epii'jmticed ^ and the
whole fpeclcs in miniatuic. Addifn.

2. Lefs properly, to diminifh by amputa-
tion ; to curtail.

We have epitomi3.ed many particular words to the
detriment of our tongue. AdJifon'i Spe&ator.

Epi'tomiser. J «. /. [from epiiomije.] An

;;■}

Epi'tpmist. J abridger; to abftra^erj

a writer of epitomej.
E'PoCH. In. f. Vi7:»x,i^
J whicn

Epo'cHa.

The time at
new computation

is begun ; the time from which dates are
numbered.

Mofcs dilliii£lly computes by certain interval;,'
memorable seras and epoelms, or terms of time.

Bro'ttite.

Thefe are the praAifet of the world lince ths
year liityj the grand epoch of talfliood, as well ai
debauchery. Snilb,

Some lazy ages, loft In deep and eafe.
No aOion leave to bufy ehroniclcs:
Such whole fupine felicity but makes
In ftory chafms, in epocbas miltakeS. R'yleit^

Their feveral epocbas or beginnings, as from the
creation of the world from the Hood, from the fir.t
olympiad, from the building of Rome, or from any
remarkable patfage Or accident, give us a pleafant
profpeft into the hillories of antiquity and of former
ages. Holdfi' oii Timfi

Time is always reckoned from fome known partB
of this fenfibic worldi and from Ibme certain epocbt
marked out to us by the motions obfervable in it.

Locke.

Time, by ncceflity compell'd, (hall go
Through fcenea of war, zni epocbai of woe. Piior.

Epo'de. n.f [£Ta'J\&-.] The flanza follow*

ing the ftrophe and antiftrophe.
Epopb'e. n.f. [tjoroi',] An epick <y he* .

roick poem.

Tragedy borrows frUln the epopee, and thai tvhich
borrows is of lefi dignity, becaufe it has not ,of itj
own, Dryden't yir^il.

Epi/la'tion. *./. [eptdatio, Latin.] Ban-
quet; feaft.

Contented with bread and water, when he woul3i
dine with Jove, and pretended to epiilation, he^de*
bred no other addiljoa tiisn a piece ol cheefe.

JJroivM^s Vulgar En ours.,

Epui.o'tick. ti. f. [(*-ei(A<ij-(»<&-.] A ci'
catrifing medicament.

The ulcer, incarned with cotnmon fareoticlcs, anJ
the ulcerations about it, were cured by ointment of
tuty, and fuch like epuloticks. IVifeman of tnfiam^

Eqvabi'lity. (f. /. [from fy//(73A.] Equa-
lity to itfclf : cvenncffi* unifi»rmity,
S > ' iot

E CLU

For the celedial b<aies the ejuaiility anJ con-
ftancy of tKeir motions argue them ordained by
Wtfifom. /{,/,,.

The tjuaiil!/jio! the temperature of the air ren-
dered the Afuticks lazy. Ariulbnit m A!r.

EQUABLE, adj. {aijuabilis, Latin.] Equal
to kfelf ; even ; uniform in reipeft to
form, motion,, or temperature.

He would have the vail body of a planet to be as
elegant and round as a fadlitioiis globe reprefents it ;
to be every where fmooth and tquabU, and as plain
as the elyfian fields. ' Binilcy,

Nothing abates acrimony of the blood more than
zaejuaiU motion of it, neither too fwift nor too
flow ; for too quick a motion proJucelh an allcaline,
»nd too flow an acid acrimony. Arbuibtiot.

E'quABLY. (7<//. \}X0iva equable. ^ Uniform-
ly; in the fame tenour; evciily; equally
to itfelf.

1 1 bodies move equably in concentrick circles, and
the I'quares of their pervodical times be as the cubes
of their diilances from the convnon centre, their
ceniripctal forces will be reciprocally as the fquares
of the dilUnccs. Cbeyne.

E'qual. adj. \j£(jmtlis, Latin.]
I. Like another in bulk, excellence, or any
other quality that admits comparifon;
neither greater nor lefs; neither worfe
nor better.

If tliou be among great men, make not thyfelf
<7«a/wilh them. Ecclef.

Equal lot

May join us; equal ]oy, as ejualhve. Millat.

Altiiough there were no man to take notice of it,

every triangle would contaia three angles equal to

. two right angles. Bale.

3. Adequate to any purpofe.

The Scots truilcd not their own numbers as equal
to fight with the Englifli. Clartndon.

3. Even ; uniform.

He laughs at all the vulgar cares and fears.
At their vain triumphs, and their vainer teatSi
An equal temper in his mind he found,
When fortune flattet'd him, and when Ihefrown'd.

Dry den.

Think not of me, perhaps my equal mind
May ieain to bear the fate the gods allot me. Smith.
j^ In juft proportion.

It is not permitted me to make my commendation
xq:ial to your merit. Dryden'i tab. Dedication.

5. Impartial; neutral.

Each to his proper fortune ftand or fall ;
Bt^uat and unconccrn'd I look on all :
Rulilians, Trojans, are the fjme to me.
And both (hall draw the lots their fates decree.

Drydtn's /£».

6. Indifferent.

They who are not difp^Ted to receive them, may
let them aione, o; rcjcd ihcm ; it is equal to me.

Chtyne^tPhil. Prin.

7. Equitable; advantageous alike to both
parties.

Hefubmitted himfelf, andfwareto all equalcan-
dition:. ■ Mac,

8. Being upon the fame terms.

They made the married, orphans, widows, yea
and the aged alfo, equal \a fpc^ls v.'ith tliemfelves.

Mac.

E'qual. ». /. [from the adjeflive.]
' I. One not inferior or fuperior to another.
He is enamoured on Hero : I pray you, dilTuade
lim from her ; flie is no equal for hi^ birth.

kliakiffeare'i Much Ado.

He would make them all equah to the citizens of

Komc. z Mac. ix. 15.

Thofe who were once his equalt, envy and defumc

him, becaufe they now fee him their fuperior; and

- • thofe who wereonce his fuperiors, becaufe they look

upon him as their cqujl. Addijon.

To my dear equal in my Dative land.
My plighted vow i gave ; 1 his received :
Each^worc with truth, with pleafurc each bcliev'd:
The mutual contraft was to heay'n coavcy'd. Trior.

a. One <)f ihc fame age.

E (vy

I profiled in the ]«ws religion above many my
equal! in mine own nation. Cal. i. >4-

To Equal, -v. a. [from the noun. J

1 . To make one thing or perfon equal to
another.

2. To rife to to the fame ftate with another
perfon.

I know no body fo like to equal him,'even at the
age he wrote moll of them, as yourfelf.

Trumbull to Pope.

3. To be equal to.

One whofc all not equah Edward's moiety.

Shakefpeare.

4. To recompenfe fully ; to anfwer in full
proportion.

She fought Sicheus through the Qiady grove,
Who anfwer'd atl her cares, and eqxai'd aii her love.

Drydefi.
Nor you great queen, thefe officcirepent,
Which he will equ.il, and perhaps augment. Dryd.
To E'qu a l I s e . v.a. [from e^ual ]

1. To make even.

To equalife accounts we will allow thiee hundred
yeais, and lo long a time as we iian manifell from
the Scripture. Bro,

2. To be equal to : a fenfe not ufed.

That would make the moved body, remaining
what it is, in regard of its bignefs, to eqiudife and
fit a thing bigger than it is. Vigby.

Ye lofly beeches tell this matchlefs dame,
That if together ye fed all one fiame.
It could not equ.tiife the hundredth part
Of what her eyes have kindled in ray heart. Waller.

EqyA'nTy. n.f. [from equal.'\

1. Likenefs with regard to any quantities
compared.

Equality of two domeftick powers.
Breeds fcrupulous fadlion. Sbattfp, Anth, and Cleof.

2. The fame degree of dignity.

One Ihall rife,
Of proud ambition ; who, not content
With fair equaliiy^ fraternal ftate,
Will arrogate dominion undefcrv'd,
Over his brethren. Milton's Paraiife Lojl.

According to this enu.tlily wherein God hath
placed all mankind, with relation lo himfelf, in all
the relations between man and man there is a mu-
tual dependance. S-ui/t.

3. Evennefs; uniformity j conilant tenour;
equability.

Meafure out the lives of men, and periodically
define the alterations oi their tempers, conceive a
regularity in mutations, with an t-quality in confti-
tutions, and forget that variety which phyficians
therein difcover. Bro^vn's yulgar-Emurs.

E'qu ALLY. adv. [from egt/al.]

1. In the fame degree with another perfon
or thing; alike.

To reconcile men's vices to their fears is the
aim of all the various fcheraes and projeds of fin,
and is equally intended by .itlieifm and immorality.

Roget s.

The covetous arc equally impatient of their con-
dition, equally tempted with the wages of unrighte-
oufnefs, as il ihcy were jjideed poor. Rogers.

2. Jlvenly ; equably; uniformly.

If the motion of the fun were as unequal as of a
(hip, fomciimes llow, and at others. Uvitt; or, il,
being conftantly equally fwiU, it )ct was not cir-|
cular, .Did produced not the fame appearances, it
would not help us to meafure time more than the
motion of a comet does. Locke.

3. Impartially.

We Ihill ufe them,
As we Ihall find their merits aiiJ our fafcty ^

May equally determine. Sliakeffeare's Kiiig Lidr.

E'qualness; »./. [from equal.'] Equality.)

Let me lament '

That our ftars unrecontileable (bould have divided 1
Our cqualite/s to this. ShtHt/peare,

Equan'gular. adj. [from eqtms and <?»-
guliis, Latin.] Confiltitig of tqual angles,

Equani'^mity. ». /. [etquanimitas, Lat.J

:E:Ct.u

Evennefs* of mind, neithet elated nor de>

prefled. ,

Equa'nimous.. ,adj. yteqnauimtA, i'LAtS\

Even ; not dejefted ; not elated.
Eqx-a'tion. »./. [^eeqiiare, Lat.] The<n-
veftigation of a mean proportion'collefted
from the extremities of excpfsand deleft,
to be applied to the whole.

We are to find out the extremities on both fides,
and from and between them the middle daily mo-
tions of the fun along the Ecliptick; and to frame
tables of equation of natural days, to be applied to
the mean motion by addition or fubHradion, as the
cafe Ihall require. Bolder on Time,

By an argument taken from the equatimsof {hi
times of the edipfes of Jupiter's fatcllites, itfecms
that light is propagated m time, fpendii^ in its
paffjge from the fun to us about fcven minutes of
time. Ne^'tbn*s Opticks.

E(}ua'tion. [In algebra.] Is .in exprcffion
of the fame quantity in two difliniilar
terms, but of equal value; as 3/. = 36^.

Di3,
Equa'tion. [In aftronomy.] The differ-
ence between the time marked out by
the fun's apparent motion, and the time
that is meafured by its real or middle-
motion; according to which clocks anl
watches otight to be adjufted. Di{l^

EQUA'TOR. tt. /. [aqiuitor, Lat.] The
equator on the eatth, or eqiiino^ial in
the heavens, is a great circle, whofc poles
are the poles of the world. It divides
the globe into two equal parts, the
northern and fouthern hemifpheres. It
paffes through the eaft and weft points of
the horizon ; and at the meridian is raifet^
as much above the horizon as is the com-
plement of the latitude of the places
Whenever the fun comes to this circle, it
makes equal days and nights all round the-
globe, becaufe he then rifes due eaft and
fets due weft, w hich he doth at no other
time of the year. Harris,.

By reafon of the convexity of the earth, the eye.
of man, under the equjtcr, cannot difcover both the
poles: neither would the eye, under the poles,,
difcover the fun in the equator. Brawn's fulg. Err,.
On the other fiJe the equator there is much land
ftill remaining undifcovercd. Ray on tie Creatioit.
Rocks rich in gems, and mountains bigwith mines,
That 00 the high equator ridgy rift, ^

Whence many a burfting ftreana auriferous plays.

Tbomfinh
Equato'rial. adj. [from equator.'] Per-
taining to the equator; taken at the equa-
tor.

The phnets have fpheroidical figures, and obli--
quitics of their ejualorial to their ecliptick planes.

Cbeyne,
Eque'strian. t7dj. \epifftris, Latin.]

1. Being on horfeback.,

An equefirian lady appeared upon the plains.

SftSiator.

2. Skilled in borfemanlhip.

3 . Belonging to the fccond rank in Rome.
E'querry. X. f. [^cHnV, Dutch.] Mafter

of the horfe.
Ecj^icru'ral. "Xadj. [tsqifitt and erus, La-
Equicrv're. f tin. ■
i. Having legs of anequnl length.
2. Having the legs <f an equal length, and

longer than the bafe; ifofccles.

An eijuicrtfre •riangle goes upon a crrtain propor- -
tion of lengih au.i brtadth, Dighy on the i'jtf..

We fucccifively oraw-iines from anele to angle un-
til fevcu equicrural triangles be dcic-. ibid. iirovjn.

Eqvudi'stant.

E QJU

EqjJiDi'sTANT. aJJ. [fjuus aad iijlant,

Latin.] At the fame diitance.
tquiDi'sTAKTLY, adv. \itom equidiflaitt.']
At the fame diftano^.

Tho fixt iJars are not all placed in the fame con-
cave fjpeiiicies, and ejuitlffijKt from us, as they
fccm to be. Raj.

Tlie liver, feate d on the right fide, by the fub-
davian divilion e^uidijiantty cemaiunicaies unto
either arm. Br^iun.

Equiformity. v. f. [itjutts »hd Jbrma,
Latin.] Uniform equality.

Nodiverfityor difference, but afimpiicity of parts
and e(fuifarmity oi motion. Btmtin'syulgar Brrours*
Equila'teral. adj. [ejrms and /al/Uthi-
tin.] Having all fides equal.

. Circles or fquares, or triangles equihteral^ which
are all figures ot e^ual lines, can ditfer but in gteater
or leffer. Bacen,

Trifling futility appears in their t«elve figns of
the zodiack and their af^^s : why no more afpcfts
than diametrically oppoticc, and fuch as make c^ui-
tofTfl/ figures? • BertUy.

To Eciuili'brate. 1'. a. [from equilibri-
um.^ To balance equally ; ta keep even
with equal weight on each fide.

If the point of the knife, drawn over the load-
ftone, have in this affri^ion been drawn from the
equator of the loadltooe towards the pole, it will
attract one of the extremes of an equilibraud mag-
aetick needle. BoyL'i Exj>erimefits.

The bodies of filhes are ejuUiiraud with the wa-
ter in which they fwim. Arbuthnot tit Air.
EquiLIBRa'tion. »./. [itoia equilibrate. '\
Equipoife; the aft of keeping the balance
. even.

The acceffion of bodies upon, or feceflion thereof
from the earth's furface, perturb not the iqmiliira-
/i«« of either htmifpherc. Bn-wn's yulgar Ermtt.

In fo great a variety of motions, as running, leap-
ing, and dancing, nature's laws of ejui/Hruiion ate
obfervcd. Derbam.

Et^yiLi'sRiUM. »./. [Latin,]
I. Equipoife; equality of weight.
a. "Equality of evidence, motives, or powers
of any kind.

Things arc not left to an rjui/Jirium, to hover
under ao indiScicnce whether they Ihall come to
pafi, or not <.oinc to paft, Sculi.

It is in ti^uilihrio
If deities defcend or no ;
Then let th' affirmative prevail,
As requifiic to form my tale. Prior.

Health confifts in the cjuilitrium between thofe
two powers, when the fluids move fo equally that
they don't preCs upon the iblids with a greater force
than iliey can bear. Arbuibiiji.

E<y;iNfc'cES«ARY. adj. [trquus and neeejfa-
riut, Lat.] Needful in the fame degree.

For both to give blows and to carry.
In fights, are equinecrjfary. Hudiirai.

EcjuiNo'cTiAL. a./. [<cquusandmx, Lat.]
'1 he line that encompaffcs the world at
an equal diftance from either pole, to
which circle when the fun comes, he
makes equal days and nights all over the
globe ; the fame with equator.

Eqjjiko'ctial. adj. [from <';«;>a;r.]

1. Pertaining to the eijuinox.

Thrit-c th' equiitoeiiai line
He circled ; four times crofs'd the car of night
f lom pole to pole, travetfmg each colure. Mlllsti.

Some fay the fun
Was bid turn rci..> Irom ili' (■jiiimftial road.
Like dillant brculih. MiV(mi farajifi [.oft.

2. Happening about the time of the equi-
noxes.

3. Being near the cquinoftial line; having
the properties of things near the equator.

In viin they tover fliades .ind I hracia's gales,
Pining witli ry»/»-i3w/ heat. Fbiuft.

>

E CLU

EQUlNo'cTtAtLY. ad-v, [from eqaim^iel.'}
In the direfkion of the equinoftial.

They may be refrigerated indanately, or fome-
what eijuinoniully ; that is, towards the eaftem and
wcifern points. Bro^-n.

E'QUINOX. »./. [o'jtmt and mx, Lat.]

1. Equinoxes are the precife times in which
the fun enters into the firft point of Aries
and Libra ; for then, moving exaftly un-
der the equinoflial, he makes our days
and nights equal. This he doth twice a
year, about theaift of March and 23d of
September, which therefore are called the
vernal and autumnal equinoxes. Harris.

Itarifcth not heliacally about the autumnal ei^ui-
nox. Broixnt,

The time when this kid was taken out of the
womb was about the vernal equinox. Ray.

'Twat now the month in which the world began,
If March beheld the 6rft created man ;
And fince the vernal equinox, the fun
In Aries twelve degrees or more had run. Drydeii,

2. Equality ; even meafure. Improper,

Do but fee his vice;
'Tis to his virtues a juft equinox.
The one as long as th' other. Shakeffeare's Othello,

3. Equinoftial wind : a poetical ufe.

The palTage yet was good ; the wind, 'tis true,
Was fomewhat high, but that was nothing new.
No more than ufual equtnaxes blew. Dryden.

Eciuinu'mer,ant. adj. \xquus and Hume-
rus, Lat.] Having the fame number;
confining of the fame number.

This talent of gold, though notrquinumfrant, nor
yet equiponderant, as to any other ; yet was equi-
Talent to lome cotrefpondent uleiit in brafs.

Arbmbnot on Coins.

To EQUIP, -v. a. [equipfer, French.]

1. To turnilh for a horfeman or cavalier.

2. To furnifh ; to accoutre j to drefs out.

The country are led aftray in following the town ;
and tquipfeJ in a ridiculous habit, when they fancy
fhemlelves in the height of the mode. Addijcn.

B.'qo I p A c E . ». /. [equipage, French.]

1. Furniture for a horfeman.

2. Carriage of ftatc ; vehicle.

Winged fpirits, and chariots wing'd.
From th' armory of God ; where Hand of old
Myriads, between two braacn mountains lodg'd
Againit a folemn day, haruafs'd at hand,
Celellial niuifage ! Milton 's Paradife Lofl.

j. Attendance; retinue.

Soon as thy dreadful trump begins to found.
The god of war, with his tierce cjuijiage.
Thou dnft awake, fleep never he fo found. Fairy ^.

1 will not Ici.d ihce a penny.

I will retort the fum in equipage, Sbakefptare.

Think what an nquipage thou had in air.
And view with fcorn two pages and a chair. Pope,

4. Accoutrements ; furniture.

E'cyJiPACHD. adj. [from equipage.^ Ac-
coutred ; attended ; having fine habits ;
having fplendid retinue.

She toriti iffued with a goodly train
Oi fquircs and ladies, efuiftagedwcW,
Aiidrn'etiair.ed them right fairly, as befell. Sfrnfer.
Eqvipe'ndency. »./. S^ieqmis and pemleo,
Latin.] The aft of hanging in equipoife;.
not determined either way.

The will of m.in, in the ftate of innocence, had
an entire freedom, a perfett ajuipendency and in-
difference 10 ciilicr pait of the contradiAion, to
Aand or not to Ifand. South,

Lqji i'p m e n r. It./, from equips
I. 'The a<t of equipping or accoutring,
z. Accoutrement; equipage.
E'quipoise. n.i. ^a quus ,\,ax\n, znd poids ,
French.] Equality of weight; equilibra-
tion ; equality of force.
In the tcoiperate zone of our life there «c Jew,

i

E Q^U

bodies at fuch an equipoi/e of humours ; but that

the prevalMicy of fome one indifpofeth the fpirits.

Glanvitle' sSeeffu
Equipo'i.lence. v.f. \tequui and pollen-

tia, Latin.] Equality of force or power.
Ecyjipo'LLENT. adj. \^te qui pollens, Lat.]

Having equal power or force ; equivalent.

Votary refolution is made equipollent to cuftom,

even in matter of blood. Bacon's EJJ'ayt,

Equipo'nderance. 1 ff. /. [aquus and

EtyjiPo'NDERANCY. J pondtts, Latin.]

Equality of weight ; equipoife. Did.

Equipo'nderant. ndj. [^tqt/us and poa-

dernns, Latin,] Being of the fame weight. ■

Theirlungs may feive to render theirbodies tijui-
fonderani to the iMiter. Ray on theCreation.

A column of air, of any given diameter, is fyir;- •
fenderant to a column of quickfilver of between
twenty-nine and thirty laches height. Locke.

To Eqj;ipo'nderate. t.-'w. \^cequus and
pcndero, Latin.] To weigh equal to any
thing.

The heavinefs of any weight doth increafe pro- ■
portionably to its diitance from the centre : thus one
pound .\ at D, will equiponderate unto two pounds
at B, i f the diftance A O is double unto A B.

IVilkins'i Mali. Magick,
Eqjiipo'ndiovs. adj. [/ejttus and pctidus, .
Lat.] Equilibrated ; equal on cither part.
Not in ufe.

The Scepticks aflfefled an indlfKtent equlpondiout
neutrality, as the only means to their ataraxia.

Giairville's Scefjit,
E' QUIT ABLE, [equitable, French.] ,

1 . Juft ; due to juftice.

It feems but equitable to give the artiftj leave fo-
name ihem as they pleafe. Bojle'i Scept. Cbymifli-

2. Loving juftice ; candid; impartial: as,~
an equi table y*<3^f.

E'quitabiy. <7</i/, \liQmequitahle,'\ Juftfy^

impartially.
E'cjuiTY. «./. [equile, French; tequims,'Lz.'

tin.]

1. Juftice; right; honefty.

Foulfubordination is predominalnt, .
And equity vi\\'i your highncfs' land. Shakrfp.

Chrilfianity fecures both the private intereft cf'
men and the publick peace, enibrcing all jutiice and
equity. Tillotjon. ■

2. Impartiality.

Liking their own fomcivhat better than other
mens, even becaufe they are their own, they mull
in equity allow us to be like unto them in thb af-
fection. Hooker.

3. [In law.] The rules of decifion obferved
by the court of Chancery, as diftinft from
the literal maxims of law.

Equi'vALEKCE. 7 //./. [requus Vind <valeo.
EquiValency. i Latin.] Equality of'
power or worth.

Muft the fervant of God be afTured that which
he nightly prays for (hall be granted ? Vts, either
formally or by way of equivahnre, either that or
fomething belter. , Uamaend,

That there is any eqkli'ahitee or parity of worth
betwixt the good we do to'our brother, and the gpod
we hope iat from. God, ail good Froieltants do deny.

*S'»;.i/i idge.

Civil caufcs are equivalent urtto crimhial caulcs,
but this e'{iiiz'aUncy only rcfpefts the careful and
diligent :idmiirion of proofs. Aylift's FatergoTt.

To Equivalence, t. c. [from the noun.]
To cquipontierate ; to be equal- to.

Whether th:; tranfgrefiioii of. tve fediicip? did
not exctcd .'\djm fcduced, or whether ihe rcfiliiLility
of his rcafoodid not equihjaler.ee 'he facility of her
fcduCtioi), we fliajl' relcr to fchoolmen. ■ Broitn.

F^(iyi'v.^Etiv.adj. [I<^quus and xalait. La- -

titl.J- '■ t, '

I.' Equal in value. .

' ■ Thlsgf :

ECLU

ThiBf*
Well nigh ejklvMfni, and mighb'riag »ilue,
By lot re parted i but iht value, high heaven, thy

(hire,
In eijual balance laid with earth and hell,
Flings up the adverfe (i.ale, and ihuns proportion.

Prhr.

i, Fqusl in any excellence.

No fair to thine
E'lfivAltitt, or ftcond ! which compeli'd
Mc thus, though importune oerhaps, to come
And gaze, and wohliip thee. MUian'i PtraJiJ^ Loft.
«, Equal in force or power.

The dread of Ifrael's foe«, who, wi* a ftrength
EijuivjUnt to angels, walk'd their ftrtets,
Njne oftering fight. MiiroJtS Agomps.

a. Of the ^arae cogency or weight.

The confiJsration of publicic utility is, by very goo.1
•dvice, judged at th: lealt the equivalent to the cifier
kiad ol necellity. . Honker.

e. Of the fame import or meaning.

The ufc of the word miniftcr is brought down to
Che literal fignilicafion of it, a fervant ; for now to
fer« and to minilter, fervile and mioifterial, are
terms f7»r-i,j/,«. '•-;»'*•

Etyri'vALENT. »./ A ^hmg of the fame
weight, dlonity, or value.

The Have without a ranfom fliall be fent;
it rells for you to ijiake th" tifuivaient. Dryitn.

Fancy a regular obedience to one law will be a
full njuh-ilmt fcr their breaeh of another. Rogers.

EooiTOCAL. <2<//. [<*ya/To<-7/>, Latin.]
I. Ofdoubtfulfignificatlon; meaning dif-
ferent things, (landing for different no-
lions.

Thefe fentenc* to fugaf, or to gall, ., . ^ i

Bting llrong on both fiJes, are rjuivccM. Sbtlfjp.

V^risot ditferent lignilicatioiis taken in general,
^re of .in cyjivtcal feni'c ; but being coiifiJered wiih
all their particular circumftances, they have their
' fcnlc reftrained. SiUthg_fl, . i.

.The greater number of thofe .who held this were
mifguided by.c^Bifsfj/ terms. _ ^'^f/'-'

«. Uncertain; doubtful; happemng dii-"
fcrent ways.

Snui-vocal generation is the produflion of plants
without feed, or of infefts or .animals without pa-'
rents, in the natural way of toition between male^
;ind female ; which is now bclicied never to happen
hut that alt bodies are univocally producei. Hai ns.

There is no fuch thing as r'lmvtcal or fponta-
jrtous generation ; but all animals are generated by
animal parents of the fame fpecies with lhemfel«).
'^ * Rij\\

Tliofe half-learn 'd witHng», num'rous in our ittc
fa hall-form'd infeds on the Banks of N^.e;
■Unfinilh'J things, one knows not what to call.
Their generation's Sor^uivoca/. Pepe.

^<yji'vocAL. ».y. Ambiguity; word of

doubtful meaning,
Sh.ill two or three wretched *3««'«'j/a have the-

force ro corrupt us > Dtnnit.

jEouivoCALCV..a(/'i;. [uom r^uiiiocal.]
^. Ambiguoufly; ia a doubtful or double

fenfe. ^ , , .

Words abfttafled from their pKper fcnfc and fig-
nifiealion, lofe the nature of words, and are only
.yi/iVorW/j-fo called. ■ ^'"'^

2. By uncertain or irregular birth; by
etiuivocal generation ; t>y generation out j
of the dated order. . „

No infeft or animal did ever proceed ejMvtctUy.
from putiefaflion, unlefs in mitaculout cafes j as in
Egypt by the divine judgments. Bcailiy

f^ui'voc ALNESS. H-,/. {itoxatqui-vi>cal.\,
Ambiguity; double meaning.

DillinguiOi the tjnivxalnif! or laflitude of the
word, and then point out tli.it determinate pjrt
which it the ground of my demonftration. Norris.
To EeJUi'vofATE. 1). m. [cefKtvocaiio, La-
tin^ To ufe words of jdouble meaning ;
to ofc ambiguous expreflions ; t9 mean
fine wing an3 cxpr?fs aootbc;«

ERE

Ko* »ti5j lefuiti can t^'ifieate. i)i_yi.».

My foul difdain'd a promi'.'e ;—
— But yet your falfe equivxaling tongtie.
Your looks, yourcycs, your every motion promisM :
But you arc ripe in frauds, and karn'd in falihoods.

Smith.

Equi'vocation- a./. [e<iuii:ocatio,'\-At\n.\
Ambiguity of fpeech; .double meaning.

Reproof is eafily mifapplted, and, through t^ui-
iKcatioit wrefted. Hooti.r,

1 pull in lelelution and begin
To doubt the c^aivttdtlhn of the fiend
That lies like truth. S.hak^furtU Machtlh.

E^uivoca'tor. n, /^ (from ejutvecaU.]
One who ufes ambiguous language ; -one
who ufes iiKntal refervation.

Here's an equhxator, that tould fwear in both
theJiralesagainfteiaierfcale} yet could not equivo-
cate to Heaven. S/jaiff.

Er, n fyllable in the middle of names or
places, comes by contraftion from the
^jaxon papa, dwellers. Gihjan't Camdtn.

E'ra. «./. [^ftf, Latin.] The account of
time from any particttlar d*te or epoch.

from the blcflings they bellow
Oar times are dated, and our eras move.:

They govern, and enlighten all below.
As thou do'll all above.

Eradia'tion. «./. £<• and radiia, Latin.] j
Jimiffion of radiance.

God gives roe a heart ^lumbly to eonverfe with
him, fr»m whom alone are all the etailiatims of
true mjjelky. ^. Cbaitci.

ro ERA'DICATE. -v. a. {eradict, Latin.]

1. To pull up by the jot.

He fufti:reth the poifon ot "Nubia to be gathered,
and Aconite to be eradicated, yet this not to be
moved. Brown.

z. To completely deftroy ; to end^ to cut
off.

If a gouty perfon can bring himfclf entirely to a

milk diet, he may fo change the w'hole juices ol

his body as to eradicate the diftcmper. Arhutbtiot.

If vice cannot wholly be rr,ijic.iiej, it ought at

leaft to be confined to {>articular objefls. Stij/r.,

Eradica'tion. J/./, [from eradicate.]

u 1 he aft of tearing up by the root; de-

ftrufiion.; excifion.

2. The (late of being torn up by the roots.

Tiiey affirm the roots of mandrakes give a fliriek
upon eradhcaiioii, which is falfe below confutation-

£rciv/i.

Era'dicatj.ve^<7/^'. \from. eraJicate.} 'lliat
which cures radically; that wh>ch drives
quite away.

■To ERA'iiE. 'v. a. [rn/er, Frsnch-J

I. Todedroy,; to exfcind.

The heads of birds, for the mod part, are given
era/id; th:t is, plucked elf. Ptacham cm Blawnini.
%. To expunge; .to rub out.
Eaa'sbmvnt. 7/./ [from <T/7/^.jJ

1. l>:(ltudion; devitftation.

2. Expuniflion; abolition.
ERt. «</'!,■. [a;r, Saxon; «;>, GothicK.; ttr,

Dutch. This word is fometimes vitioufly
written «Vr, as if from ever. It isJike-
wifc written or before.<^vrf, o/i and ajfv in
Saxon being indifcrimiately written. Mr.
Ljt.] Before ; fooner than.

Ere J>c would have hang'd a man for the get-
ting a hundred baftards, he would have paid for the
nulling a thoufand. Hhuk.

The lions brake all their bones in pieces or ever
thcycamc to the bottom of the den. Daniel.

'in E

The ttHnis to breathe, the wavmgwflodi lo RMV,

MUtcn

Jull trial, ere 1 merit
My exaltation without change or ctti.

The mountain trees in diltant profpeft picafe,
J?r/ yet the pine defcended to the feas j
Ere fails were fpread new oceans to explore. Dtyden.

The birds Oialt ««»fe to tuBc ihui cv'ning fonj,

And Arcami to murmur, ere I ceafe to lore.

Ere. fref. Before.

Our fruitful Nile
Flow'd era the wonted feafon. Dryden.

£*E'Lo>iG ad-v. I from errand /a»f.] Before
a lon^<irac'haa el^fcd. Nee Imgum tern-
put.

The anger already began to paint revenge in inanf

.colours, fniong he l»ad not only gotten pity but

pardon. Sidney

The wild "horfe having enmity with the ftaj,

'■■ came to a man todefire aid. who mounted upon

his back, and following the itag, erelong (lew hitn.

apcn/ei on Ireland^

Nothing is Jafting that is feigned : it will have

another face than ifftad erelong. Ben ym/ny

Tliey fwim in joy,
JTr^/oijf tofwimat'large, aodlaugli, for which
The world erelone a world of tears aiuft weep.

* ^^lltM.

1 (aw tw« ftocW-doves billinj, and erelong
IViU take tlie neft. Dryden't Virgil.

It pleafesme to thiiJk, fhal I who know fo fmaU
a portion of the works of the Creator, and with
flow and painful fteps creep up and down on the
furfaee of this globe, (hall trrloxg (hoot away with
the fwiftnefs of imagination, and trace the fpringt
of uature's operations. Speilafjr^

Erenoav. fli/i'. [from rrr and «oat;.] "Before
this time.

.^h, gentle Ibldiers, fome fbort time aliov;
My father has repented him ereni'ji. P^y^.

Had the word eternally been; Icicnce had bees
brought to perfection long erentrxu. CkeyH.

Erewhi'le. \ adv. [froRifw and iuhilc.\
E'REv/HtxES. J Sometime ago^ before
a little while.

■I am as fair now as 1 was emviHe !
Since night you lov'd me.yel lince night you left met

Shaie/p.
We fit down to our meals, fufpcA not the in>
trafion of armed uninvited guclh, who ere^vhilet,
we know were wont to furprife us. Decay of Pietj,
To ERE'CT. f. a. [erefltis. Latin.]
I. To raife in a ftraight line ; to place per-
pendicularly to the horizon.
2.. To "Erect a PerpendkiAnr. To croft

one line by another at right angles.
5, To raife.; to build.

Happier walls expeiil.
Which, waud'ring long, at iaft thou (hall errd.

Dry den* s VirgU*

There are many monuments<Trffe</ to benefadlon

to the rcpoblick. Addifon on Italy.^

4. To ellablilh anew ; to fettle.

Rreat ditfereice there is between their proceed-
ings, who rreR a new commonwealth which is to
have neither regiment nor religion the fame that
was, and theirs who only reform a decayed Ifate.

Hester,
He fuftirs fevcnty-two diftinfl nations to be erected
out «f the firllanonarchy under diltinft go«rnoius.

Raleigb,

5. To elevate ; to exalt.

I, who am a party, am not to rrefi myfelf into a
judge. D'yitn'i Fahles, Preface.

I am far from.pretendlng infallibility : that would
be toerefl myfelf into an apoltlc. Locke,

All the little fcnmblers alter fame fall upon him,
and have tecourfc to their own invention, rather
th.in fuffer him to ertfl himfelf into an author with
impunity. AJJifon,

6. To raife confequence& from premifes.

From fallacious foundations and mifapprchendeJ
mediums, men erefi conduCons no way inferrible
from the ptemiles. Brcwn' s Vulgar Errours,

Men being too hafty to ereS to themfelves general
notions and illgrounded theories, find thcmfeivca
deceived in their flock of knowledge. I^cke.

Malcbranche ereelt this propofition, of feeing all
things in Cod, upon their ruin. Locke,

7. To animate; mot todeptefsj to encou-
"S^ Wh,

ERG

Why ftiouldnof hope
A< much exil our thoughts, as fear iejift them ?

7i Ere'ct. v. n. To .ife upright.

The trefoil againft rain fwelieth in the ftallc,
and fo ftandeth more upright ; for by wet, dalles do
tre£}, and leaves bow down. Bacen's t^at, H'^,
Erec't. adj- [ere3us, Latin.]
U Upright ; not leaning ; not prone.

Bird*,- far from proncnefs, arc almoft f^rtf?; ad-
vancing the head and bceatl in p(ogrclUan> onl)
prone in volitation. Broturt^

Bafil tells usr that thi feipent nreot treli like
nan. Bri^vn.

t, Direfted upwards.

Vain were vows».
And plainti and fuppliant hands, to Heav'n ert£l.

Pbilift.
J, Bold ; confident ; unfhaken.

Let no vain fear thy gtn'rous ardour tame.
But lland trcct, and found as loud as fame,

GlamjWt.
4,. Vigorous ;. not deprefled.

That vigilant and trt£i attention of mind j which
in prayer is very necelTary,- is walUd or dulled,

Booker.

£RE'citoif. n.f. [itova.frtS ."]
1.. 'I'he Z&. of raifing, or fiate of being
raifed upward.-

We arc to confider only the freQioft of the hills
above the ordinary land. Brerrwocti ok Langua^et,

2- The id of bui.'.-iing or raifing edifices.

The firfl thing which moveth them thus to caft
up their poifon,. are certain folemnities ufual at the
firft «rffl/«» of churches. Honker.

Pillars were fet up above one thoufand four hun-
dred and twenty-fit year: before the flood, countmg
Seth to be an hundred )cars old at the erenion ol
them. Ralti^h's HiJInj.

3. Eftablilhment ; fettlement.

It mull needs have a peculiar influence upon the
ereHion, coutiswance, and diflblutiou ol every foct^ty.

Soyli.

4. Elevation j. exaltation of fentiments.

Her pecrkl's height my mind to high eriffion
draws up. Sidvty.

5. Aft of roufing;. excitement to attention.
Starting is an ap| rehenlion of ihe thing feared,

and io that is a flirinking, and likewife an inqui-
fition what the matter S\.Oh\A be 1 and in th.it ii is 4
motion of erefficfi ; fo that when ivman would (itten
fuddenly he llarteth ; for the fUrtjog is an en3ic»
of the fpirits to attend. hac^m.

Ere'ctness. n.f. ffr^m e»wS.] Upright-
nefs of pofture or form.

We take ereantfi ftriflly as Calen defined il :
they, only faycth he, have an ere^ tigure,. whole
ff ine and tbigjtbaoe arc carried on right linesi

Bravm'i Vulgar Brreun.

E'REMITE. tf./. \enmita, Latin; i'jiu^.]

One who lives in a wildernefs ; one who

lives in folitudc ;. an hermit ;. a iolitaiy :

WC now fay hermit.

Antoriius, the rrrvriir, lindeih a fifth commodity
not inferior to any of thefe four. Ruitigh^i Uifiury.

Embryoes and idiots, eremite* and friars.
White, black, and gKy, with all their trumpery.

Mlltot.

Kb emi'tical. «<^'. [from<'r?OT//<'.'| Keli-
giotilly folitary ; leading the life of an
hermit.

They have mulliliBles lA, religious orders, tremt-
tiul and cenobiiical. Siillingffeei.

Eufpta'tion, v./. [irtftit, Latiiuj A
creeping forth.. Bail..

Erj-.'ition. »./. [erf///>, Latin.] AfaatcK-
ing or taking away by force.

E'rcot. »./. A fort of ilub, like a piece
of foft horn, about the bignefsof a chef-
nut, which is placed behind and below
the paftcrn joint, and is commonly hid
under th« tuft uf Uk fetlock. i'arr^Dui.

ERR

Eri'nco. n,f. Sea-hoUy. A plant
E»i'»TicAt, aJj. [iffi«.] Controverfial; re-
lating to difpute ; containing contrtjver-

iies.
Eb6E. «. /- [eapj, Saxon.] Idle; lazy;

flothful. An- old word whence we bow

lay irl/ome.
For men therein would hem ddite ;-

And of that dede be not crke.

But oft fithes haunt that werkc. Chauttr.

E'rmelin.. »./. [dimiwiti've of rrmin •, ar-

melin. French. An ermine. See Ermine.
Silver (kins,

Pafling the hate fpot ernullni. Sithiey.

E'RMINE.. ».y: [hermixe, French, from ar-
meniui, Latin.] An animal in cold coun-
tries, which ver)' nearly refembles a vvea-
fele in (hape ; having a white pile, and
the tip of the tail black, and fumifhing
a valuable fur. The fellmonger, and fur-
risrs put upon it little bits of Lomhardy
lamblkin, which is noted for its fhinirig
black colour, the better to fet off the
whitenefs of the ermine. Trfi-oiiic.

Emi/te is the fur of a little beaft, about the big-
nefs of a wcafel,. called Mus Armenius ; for they are
found in Armenia. Futchum on Blaxoxirg

A lady's honour mud be touch'd;
Which, nice as ermines^ will not bear a foil. Dryd,
E'rmined. adj. [from ermiat.^ Clothed
with ermine.

Arcadia's couatefs, here in wmm'^.pride.
Is there Paftora by a fountain fide. Pi5^<%

Erne. } Do immediately flow from the
E'aoK. J Saxon epp, eafin, a cott;ige, or
pLlce of retirement. Gihfotit Camden.
To ERO'DE.i'. a. [«Wfl, Latin.] To can-
kef , to eat aw.iv ; to corrode.

It haih been anciently received, that tWfea-air

hath antipathy with the lungs, if it comclh near the

body, anitccjV/i them. Bacvn'i t^al. Hiji.

I'he blood, being too Iharp or thin,, eroda the

veflel. ^ ktyem.

ER'^CA'Tit5N. It./, [emgnria; Latin. 1 Ihe
aft of giving or beuowing ; diliribution.
Erosion, u. /. [ft-ofu, Latin.t

1. The aft of eating away.

2. The ftate of being eaten. away; caskert
corrofion.

As fea-faU is a (harp folid body, in a conftant diet
of fait me.it, It breaks the vclleis, producctb rrc-
Jhnt of the folid paiti,-and all the fymptoms ol the
fea-fcvirvy. ArbMbna.

TaERR. f.m [frro, Latin.]

1. To wander; to ramble.

A ftotm of Itroke'!, well meant, with fiir^ flies,
and <iri about their temples, ears, and evcji

Orvje/i'i yirg.
The rains arife, and fires their -warmth difpcnfe ;
And fa'i and triin^.Staii dilfofc their intliicn.ce.

UrjJ, P'iig.

2. To mifs- the right way ; to dray.

Wc have tnid and llia)cd like lotk ihccp.

Ci.inmi.n Prayi! .
I will not lag behind nor err
The way, thou leading. .V/.-Avv.

3. To deviate from any purpofr.

B'jt (-•-rt not nature from ihi^ £r.icioi:i cni^
From buniing funs when iivi.l dejtlis UeUend. y.iyc.
A, To commit errours ; to miltakc.

It ij a jijtfgment maim'd mi moll imptrlcfl,.
That will coiiicls petttdtiou fo could err,.
Ag-iitill jU r.ile^ ol natuic. Shakffpt.ire'i dtbilL.

Ki .li/ ilicy not err thatdevifc evil > i'mi. xiv. 2a.

Pollibly tlte man mdV err iu his judgment of cir-
tuniltance-, ai.d tliculo e let linn tear;, but becaule
it i> ii~t utlaiJt be i> milUken, ><:t him not dcfpair.
^UtyUt* i RuUuf lii.ing huly.

Not lia^ it only been the heat 01 ini/.g perl'on^
Utal l>i»< ifcsn (Mm miiihicT<>u^, l>41Miini'.;j|^ti tnrn

ERR

of tighf judgmcntt have too nuch eontriiiuttd ««
the breach. Decay of fiit^^

The mufes' friend, unto himfelf fcvcre,
With filent pity looks on all that trr. Waller;

He who from the refieftcd image of the fun in
water would conclude of light and heat, could not
err mote grofly. Cbeynu

E'rrable. a<//. [from#rr.] Liable to err;

liable to miftake.
E'rrableness. ».y; \hoxti errahle.'\ Lla-

blenefs to error; liablenefs to miflake.

We may infer from the errahlenefs of our naturC)
the reafonablcncfs of compalTion to the feduced.

Decay of Piety,
E'rrand. n.f. [aepenh, Saxon; arend, Da-
ni(h.] A raeifage ; fomething to be fold
or done by a meffenger ; a mandate ; »
commiflion. It is generally ufed now
only in familiar language.

Servants being commanded to go, fhall ftand ftilln
'till they have their errand •warranted unto them ■

Hcokcr,

But haft thou done thy errand to B-iptifta ?
— I told him that yojr Utl.er was in Venice. Sljairf.
A (]uean ! have 1 not forbid her roy houfe ? She
con:?s of errttnd! does flie ? ' Shakef^eare.

When he came,. behold the captains of the holl .
were tilting, and he faid, I have an errand to thee,

0 captain. ' . Kings.

Krora them I %a I
This uncouth fr™;f</fole. Wilfon'f Parajife Lejt^

His eyes, 1
Thai run thro' all heav'ns, or -down to th' earth,
Bear his fwift errands over moift and dry.
O'er fea and land. Milton's ParadiJeLoJI,

Well thou do'rt to hide from conunon fight
Thy dole intrigueSy too bad to be.ir the light;
^ot d»ubt I,. but the filver-footcj dame,
Tripping tram lca,.oi: fiich an etrand came. . Dryd.
Ersa'nt. adj.^ [errani, Latin ; errant,
French.

1. Wanderino ; roving ; rambling. Parti-
cularly applied to an tjrder of knights
much celebrated in roma;ices> who roved
about the world in fearch of adventures.

It was thought that there are jull fcvcn planets,.
or errant ft.irs, in the lower orbs of Iteaven; but it
is now demonlVablc unto lenle, that there urc many
more. Broxun^i Vulgar Errours*

Chief of domeftick k-nights and erran.',
Eiliicr for chattel or for warrant. Uudi/tras,

2. Vile abantioned ;. completely bad.- See
Arrant. ■

Good impertinence :
Thy company, if I ilept notvcry well*
A-nights,- would make me an errant' fool wittl»

^ueltions; . Ben jfohn/oM's-Cutaline*-

3. Deviating from a certain courfc. ■ '

K nots, by' the conflux of meeting fap,
Inleft 'the found pine, and divert his nrain,
FoitivC and etratit, from his court'c of gnnvrb.

•' f~ ' •','UiiikiJ'feart^

E'RRAKTiry., m~f, [frpin H-rttuti]' .1

1 . An crpant ftate ; the condition 'of a wan-

dercr« /

After a (hort fpace of &ran!yy upoi^thc feaj. he
got fafe back to Dunkirk . Addi/on'$ J-'reei'tldtr,^

2. 1 he employment of a knight erranN
ERRa'TA. >t. f. [Latin. J The faults of

the printer inferted in the beginning or
end iif the book.

It he meet with faiilo:, befiJci iliofc that the er-
rau take notice of, he will coniidcr tiie wcakiiels
oi the author's eyes. Boyle.

Krra'tick. edj. [erraticits, Latin.]
I. Wandering; uncertain; keening no cer-
tain orde; ; holding no cflabliflicd courfc.

'Ihc earth, and each erraiick v.otlJ,
Around the fun their proper centre whirl'd,
Compofe but one extended vail machine. Blartmofe^
Tliroui;h the va(k waves the dlMdluI wonders move,

1 lcnc« Iiam'i fratici, P»/ r'j OdyJTey.

%r Jrre^uUr).

ERR ERU

[3. Roving exeurfion ; irregular cowrfe.

Ilr, Whit brought you living to t}ie Si) ;ian ftate !

Bk Irregular ; changeable.

• ■ • They are incommoded witli a flimy miMery (»u|
ftiiik of 'breath, and an erratick fever. Harv^

Ekka'ticallt. ad'v. [from erralkal or er-
raiicL] Without rule ; withont any cfta-
bli(hed method or order,
. They come not forth in generationt trraiUsl/y,
•r dltrcrcnt from each other { but in fpecifical and
tegular Ihapcs. Brown.

Err'hime. «./. [jpfiue.] Snufied up the

nofe; occafioning fneezing.
'" We fee faje or betony brulfcd, focezine power,

and other powders or liquors, which the pn>ticians

• call rriirtes, put into the nofe to driW phlegm Irom

: die head.

Bacar..

Ekroneous. adj. [from «r», Latin.]

1. Wandering; unfcttled.

TTicy roam
Erroaeoui and ditconfoUte, themfelves
Acculing, and their chief improvident
Of military chance. PhUlpt.

This circle, by being placed here, flopped much
of the tmnnut light, vttuch otherwife would have
difturbed the vifion. l^cutM.

Unblam'd abundance crowrt'd the royal bo-iid,
What time this done rever'd her prndent lord ;
Who now, fo heav'n decrees, is doom'd to mourn.
Bitter conftraiiit ! erroanut and forlorn. Pafr.

2. Irregular; wandering from the right road.

Iftheveffels, mftead of breaking, yield, it fub-

■ jefts the perl'on to all the. incouvcnieiices of erroneout
circulation ; ihat is when the blood ftrjys into the
vcflcU delliaed to catry ferum or lymph.

Arbutbnol an Allmtnts.

3. Midaking; mifled by errour.

Thou art Tar from deftroying (he itmocent with
the guilty, and the trrontous with tiic malicious.

King Cbarlft.

There is the trtmceut as well as the rightly in-
formed coofcience. South.

4. Miftaken ; not conformable to truth ;
~ phyfically falfe.

Their whole counfcl is condemned, as havii^ ei-
ther proceeded from the blindncfs of thofe limes, or
from negligence, or from dcfirc of honour and glory,

■ or from an erroneoui opinion that fuch things might
, ibe lor a while. Hooter.

A wonderful erronrous obfervation that walketh
about, is commonly received, contrary to all the true
Account of time and experience. Baiott.

The phjenomena ol light have keen hitherto ex-
. plained by luppoTing that they arife from new modi-
jicationt of the rays, which is an erroneout fuppoli-
tioil. Nrxtfton*i Opticks.

Erro'neotjslv. adv. [from erroHeous.] By
miftake ; not rightly.

The miads of men are erroneoftjly perfuaded, that
it is the will of God to have tliole things dune w hich
they fanpy. H«)k.

I could not difcover the lenity of this fentence ;

but conceived it, perhaps eriomoujly, father to be

rigoroiu than gentle. Gulliver,

Ekro'neousness. »./. [from ern>nmiis.~\

Phyfical falfchood ; inconformity to truth.

The pfasenomena may be eiplaincd by this hypo-
tiiefis, whereof he demonftratcs llie truth, together
uiih the erro««(r/iif/>of ours. Beyle.

t'RROUR. n./. [error, Latin.]

1. Miftakc; involuntary deviation from
truth.

Errour is a midake of our judgment giving affcnt
to (hat which i^ not true. Ltcte.

Oh, hateful «r(«/r, mclancholv's child !
Why doft thou (hew to the apt (houghts of men.
The things (hut are not ? Shakefpearr.

2. A blunder; an aft or aflcrtion in which
a miftake is committed.

In religion.
What damned errour, but Tome fober brow
Will blefs it ? SLikrJf care's Merihant ofVcHxce.

He look'd like nature's

a; the mind

i errour.
A;id body were not of a piece dcfign'd.
But made fcjrtwo, and by miftakc iu otic were join'd.

Drydcn.

Driv'n by the winds and ermurt of the fea.
Or did you Heav'n's fuperiour doom obey ? Drj/J<n.
jL. [In theology.] Sin.

Blood he oUTered for himfelf, and for the errotin
of the people. _ //<•*. ix. 7.

5, [Inlaw, more ef}>ecially in. our common
law] An errour in pleadine, or in the
procefs; and the writ, which is brought
for remcdj- of this ovcrfight, is called a
writ of errour, which lies to redrefs falfe
judgment given in any court of record,

Cowel.
Ers, or Bluer Vetch, n.f. ['vicia valde ama-

ra.^ A plant.
Erst. ad'v. \etft, German ; aepj-ra, Saxon.]

1. Firil.

Sir knight, if knight thou be.
Abandon this foreftalled place at er^.
For fear of further harm, I counfcl ihee. Sfenfer.

2. At firft ; in the beginning.

Fame that her high worth to taife,
Seem'd erjl fo lavilh and profufe.
We may juftly now accufe

Of detradion from her praife. Milton.

3. Once ; when time was.

As Cgnal now in low dejefled ftate
As erjl in highett, behold him. Milton's AgonlJIn.
He Uught us erjl ihe heifer's tail to view, Gaj/.

4. Formerly ; long ago.
The future few or more, howc'er they be,

Were deftin'd erjl, nor can'by fate's decree

Be now cut off. Frier.

5. Before ; till then ; till now.
Opener mine eyes.

Dim?)/; dilated fpirits, ampler he.ut. Milton.
The Rhodians, who crjl thought themfelves at
great quiet, were now overtaken wilh a fuddcn mif-
chief. Knillet.

Erube'sCKNCE. \ «. /, \ernhefcentia, La-
Erube'scency, J tin.] The ad of grow-
ing red ; rednefs.
Erubescent, adj. [emhefcem, I-atin,]
Reddifh; fomewhat red; inclining to red-
nefs.
To ERU'CT. v. a. [erudo, Latin.] To
belch ; to break wind from the ftomach,
Eructa'tion, n.f. [itota erua.'\
I. The aft of belching.
z. Belch ; the matter vented from the fto-
mach.

The figns of the funOions of the ftoi.iach being
depraved, are erudalioxs, cither with the tafte of
the aliment, acid, inodorous, or fetid. Arbnthnot.

3. Any fudden burft of wind or matter.

Thermx, are. hot fprings or fiery cruaalions;
fuch as burrt forth of the eartli during earihijuakes.

if'ooJ^vaVj.

Erudi'tion, n.f. \erudUio, Latin.] Learn-
ing; knowledge obtained by ftudy and
inftruftion.

Fam'd by ihy tutor, and thy parts of nature ;
Tlirice fam'd beyond all rruditiin. Sliitkrff.

The earl was of a good erudition, having been
placed at ftudy in Cambridge very young. H'otton.

To your experience in ftate affairs you have alfo
joined no vulgar erudition, which all your modcfty
is not able to conceal ; for to undcrrtan>l critically
the delicacies of Horace, is a height to which few ol
our noblemrn have arrived. DryJen.

Some gentlemen abounding in their univcrflty eru-
dition, iXi their fermons wilh philofophical terms.

X^'ift.

Eru'cinous, <j</r. [*r»g;'ffo/Kf, Latin,] Par-
taking of the fubftancc and nature of cop-
per.

Copperas is a rough and acrimonious kind of
fait drawn out of ferreous and eruginous earths,
partaking chiefly of iron and copper i the blue of
copper, the greto of iron, , Brav/ne.

ESC

Agues dfpend upon a corrupt incineflW inebii>
choly, or upon an aduftftibial or e raj /««« fulph'ur.

Hjiyey,

Erup'tion, »,/, \erupth, Latin. J

1. The aft of breaking or burftmg forth
from any confinement.

Finding themfelves pent in by the eiterior earth,

they prelTcd with violence againft that arch, to make

it yield and give way to their dilatation and eruftioti.

Burnet's Ipeoiy.

2. Burft ; emiffion ; fomething forcing it-
felf out fuddenly.

1 n part of Media there are eruf lions of flames out
of plains. Bacon's Natural llifiory^

Upon a fignal given the eiufitwn began ; fircand
fmoak, mired wilh feveril unufual prodipi»s and fi-
gures, made their appear.ince. Addifon's Guardian,

3. Sudden exeurfion of an hoftilc kind,

Thilher, if but to pry, Ihall be perhapa
Our hrft fr»/>r/"!!«, thither or clfewbere;
For this infernal pit lliall never hold

Celeftial fpirits in bondage. Milton's Par. Lofi.

Such command we had.
To fee that none (hence iffu'd forth a fpy.
Or enemy, while God was in his work ;
Left he, incens'd at {wc\i rruflioti bold,
Defti^aion wilh creation might have mix'd. Milton,

4. Violent exclamation.

To his fecretary, whom he laid in a pallet near
him for natural ventilation of his thougtiw, lie
would in the abfence of all other ears and eyes,
break out into bitter and palTionate eriifli.m.

H'olion's I.'fitJ'Buckingbim.

It did not run out in voice or indecent ciuftloni
but filled the (bul, as God the univerfe, filcntW aid
without noife. Souldi,

5. Efflorefcence ; puftyles.

Difeafed nature oftentimes breaks forth
In itrange er«/ir;o«. Siakc/fearc's Henry IV,

An eruption of humours in any part, is not cured
merely by outward applications, but by alterative
medicines. C«'. rongue.'

Unripe fruits are apt to pccafion foul eruptions om

the ikin. Arbutbrot.

EtiVf'yivt. adj. [<■>■»//)■«, Latin.] Burftiag

forth,

'Tis liftening fear, and dumb amaiement all.
When to the ftartlcd eye the fuddcn glance
Appears far fouth eruptive through the cloud.
" Ttomp/on,

Ery'ngo. »./. [eiyugion.] A plant.
Ervsi'i-elas, «,/. [ifi^.ViA«<.]

An eryfepelas is generated by a hot ferum in the
blood, and alfi:as the fuperficies of the Ikin wilh
a (hining pale red, and citron colour, without pul-
fation or circumfcribei tumour, ff reading from one
place to another. H- ifeman' s Surgery.

ESCALA'DE. n.f. [French.] The aft of
fcaling the walls of a fortification.

In Geneva one meets with the ladders, petard,
and other utenfiU, which were made ufe of ''"h'ir
famous efealade. Addifon,

Esca'lop. n.f, .

1. A (hellfiflt, whofe Ihell is regularly in-
dented.

The (hells of thofe cockles, cfcalops and pen
winkles, which have greater gravity, were ei
in ftune.

2. An inequality of margin ; indenture.

The figure of the leaves is divided into jags anJ
efcahps, curioufly indented round the edgei, Ray,

ESCAPADE, n.f. [French.] Irregular

motion of a horfc

He with a graceful pride,

While his rider every hand furvey'd.

Sprung loofe, and flew into an efcapade;

Not moving forward, yet wilh every boonil

Prelling, and feeniing ftill to ijuit his ground. O'^J,
To ESCA'PE. 1: a. [ecbaprr, French-]
I. To obtain exemption from ; to obtain

fecurity from ; to fly; to avoid.
Since we cannot efcafe the purfuit of paiTieris,

and i>etplciity of thoughts, there is no way IcU bn

lofcd
li\ydiuarj.

ESC

to eoJe«vaur all we can either to Tubdue or divert

them. •Temple.

Had David died fooaer. bow much trouble had

he Reaped, which by li'- ig he endured in the rc-

'_ bellion of his fon? fVake.

Z. To pafs unobferved by one.

Men are blinded with ignorance and errout:
many tilings may e/cajie them, in many they may
be deceived. Hooter.

"Tis Hill the fame, although their airy Ihape
All but a quick poetick fighir/i-j^f. Daibam.

The reader Snds out thofc beauties of propriety

in thought and writing, which efcafed him in the

tumult and hurry of reprefenting. Dryden.

To Esca'pe. 'V. n. To fly; to get out of

danger; to avoid puni(hment or harm.

Benhadad, the king of Syria, efcafed oa horfe.

Cbroniclts .

They efcafed all fafe to land. Aett, xxvii. 44.

Efcafe for thy life; look not behind thee, neither

. Ray thou in all the plain: efafe to the mountain,

lelt thou be confumed. Gtiufis.

Whofo pleafcth God (hall efcafe from her, but

the finner (hall be taken by her. Ecci. yii. i6.

He mijht put on a hat, a muffler, and a kerchief,

and fo efcafe. Shakeff. Mary tUvet of H'indfar.

To convince us that there v.as no way torfcafe by

. climbing up to the mountains, he afl'urcs us that the

higbell were all covered. IVoudivard,

Laws are not executed, meo of virtue are difgraced,

aad murderers 5/ca/f. lVaui<i LogUk.

Esc'ape. »./. [from the verb.]

I. Flight; the adl of getting out of danger.

I would haften my efcafe from ihe windy (torm
and tem^ft. Pfalms, Iv. 7.

He enjeyed neither his efcafe nor his honour long ;
for he was hewn in pieces. Hayviard.

Men of virtue have had extraordinary efcafei out
of fuch dangers as have endofcd them, and which
have feemcd inevitable. Add'ifan.

Z. Excurfion; fally.

We made an efcafe, not fo much to feek our own,
as to be iortruments of your fafety. Denham.

3. [^nlaw.] Violent or privy evafion out
of fome lawful reftraint. For example,

. if the fheriff. upon a capias direfted unto
him, takes a peribn and endeavours to
carry him to gaol, and he in the way,
either by violence or by flight, breaks
from him, this is called an efcafe. Cowel.

4. Excufe; fubterfugc; evafion.

St. Paul himfclf did not defpife to remember

whatfoever he found agreeable to the word of God

among the heathens, that he might take from them

- all efcafe by way of ignorance. Rji/e!gb.

5. Sally; flight; irregularity.

T houfand 'fcafer of wit.
Make thee the father ot their idle dreams,
And rack thee in their fanciet. Siakif.

J^ooCe fcafet of love. Milim.

6. Overfight; miftake.

In tranfcribing there viould be lefs care taken, as

the language was kfs underilood, and fo the efcafei
lefs liibjeit 10 obfervation. Brerrwead on Lunr.

ESCA'RGATOIkE.n.f. [French.] A nur-
fcry of fnails.

At the Capuchins I fjw rfcargatoires, which I
look the more notice of, becaufe fdo not rcmemfcr
to have met with any tiling of the fame kind in
other countries. Jt is a fqmre place boardtd in,
and filled with a vaft quantiiy of large foa.ls that
are efteemed excellent food, when they are well
drefled. AddlTon

laCALOfT. n.f. [French.] Pronounced

fhallot.

Efrhahix are now from France becrme an Englilh

•plani, managed after the fame manner as garlick ;

only they arc to He fet earlier, and taken up as foon

as the leaves begin to wither, left the Winter kills
r "'/1^"?V . r. Mortimer-, Hufhandry.

fc.SCHAR. n.f. [/«rx«f«.] A hard crull
or fear made by hot applications.

When ilfues are made, or bones expofcd, the
tfchjr (hould be cut out immtdiaiely. Shit<f, Hue.
Vai..J.

£ S C

Escha'roticic. W/. [from e/d-ar.] Cauf-
tick ; having the power to fear or bum
theflefh.
Escha'rotick. n.f. A cauftick applica-
tion.

An efchar was made by the catharetick, which we

thtull oft, and continued in the ufe o( efchurolick^. '

IFifeman^s Surgery.

Sfciaroticks applied of alh-alhes, or blifteriug

flatter. F/oyt-r.

ESCHE'AT. »./. [from the French ^c/Wr.]
Any lands, or other profits, that fall to a
lord within his manor by forfeiture, or
the death of his tenant, dying without
I heir general or efpccial. E/cf'cat is alfo
ufed fometimes for the place in which the
king, or other lord, has efcheats of his
tetiants. Thirdly, e/cfxat is ufed for a
writ, which lies where the tenant, having
, eftate of fee-fimple in any lands or tene-
ments holdcn of a fupcriour lord, dies
feifed, without heir general or e(pecial.

■ , Cowel.

If the king's ordinary courts of jufticedo notjiro-
te^ the people, if he have-no certain revenue or ef-
cheats, 1 cannot fay that fuch a country is conquered.
David on Ireland.

To Esche'at. v. a. [from the noun.] To
fall to the lord oi the manor by forfeiture,
or for want of heirs.

In the lall general wars there, I knew many good
freeholders executed by mattial law, whofc lands
were thereby faved to their heirs which Ihould have
othetwife efcheated to her majelW.

Sfe/tfr'r OH Ireland.
He would forbear to alienate any of the forfeited
efcheated lands in Ireland, which (hould accrue to
the crown by reafon of this rebellion. Clarendon.
Eschea'tor. n.f. [from efd-eat.] An
officer that obferves.the efcheats of the
king in the county whereof he is efchea-
tor, and certifies them into the exchequer.

Ctnuel,
At a Bartholomew fair at I/mdoni an efcheator of
the city arreted a clothier, and feifed his goods.

' Camdem's Remains^

To Esch'ew. 1: a. [efheotr, old French.]
To fly; to avoid; to (hun; to decline. A
word almoft obfolete.

She was like a young fawn, who (»ming !n the
wind of the hunters, doth not know whether it bo a
thing or no tobc r/cArtwi/. Sidney.

So let us, which this change of weather view,
Change eke our minds, and former lives amend.

The old year's (ins forepart let us cfhevi.
And fly the faults with which ive did offend. Sfetif.

He who obeys, deftrutlion (llall efche-w;
A wife man knows both when and what to do. San.
Of virtue and vice, men are univerfally to priflife
the one, and efcberv the other. Atterhury.

Eschu'tcheon. ». / The fliield of the
family; the pidure of the f»/?^«/ armorial.
Efchutcheon is a Frencli word, from the
\.M\x\fcutu7n, leather; and hence cometh
our Englifh word buckler, lepe in the old
Sa»{on fignifying leather, and buck or
bock a buck or flag; of whofe (kiiis,
quilted clofe together with horn or liird
wood, the antient Britons made their
fhieldj; Peacham.

There be now, for martial encouragement, fome
dc;recs and orders of chiv.ilry and fome temcmbjance
pcihapi upon the tfchulcbro*. Bacon.

We will pafs over Che efchutckeom a( the ttiliej of
Ifrael, as tliey are ufually defctibed ia the maps of
Canaiii. Broinn.

Esco'rt. n. f. \efcoii, French.] Convoy;
guard from pl^pe to placf .

ESP

To Esco'rt. m. a. \efcorter, French.] To

convoy; to guard from place to place.
ESCOT. n. f. [French.] A tax paid ia

boroughs and corporations towards the ,
; fupporf of the community, which is called
'■ feat and lot.
To Esco't. rv, a. [from the noun.] To

pay a man's reckoning; to fupport.
What, are they children { Who maintains them ?

How are they efcondf Shakcffeare's Ihmlct.

Esco'ut. n.f. [^off/^r, French.] Lifteners

or fpies ; perfons fent for intelligence.

isowfccut.
They were well entrenched, having good rfctut

.ibroad, and fure watch within. I/ayward.

ESCRPTUIR. n.f [French.] A box with
all the implements neceflary for writing.
Pronounced yir/zoiy. :

Escu'age. >t. f [from efiu, French, a
Ihield.]

Efctiage, that is, fcrvice of the (hield, is either
uncertain or certain. i}'fM^f uncertain is likcwife
twofold: firil, where the tenant by his tenure is
bound to follow his loid, going in perfon to tlie
king's wars fo ma.iy days. The days of fuch fer-
vice feem to have been rated by the quantity of the
land fo holden : as, if it extend to a whole knight's
fee, then the tenant was bound thus to follow his"
lord forty days. A knight's fee was fo much land
as, in thofe days, was accounted a fufficient living
for a knight; and that was fix hundred and eighty
acres as fome think, or eight hundred as others, or
Ij/. fer annum. Sir Thomas Smith faith, that
cenfus cfurfiris is 40/. revenue in free lands. If
the land extend but to half a ksight's fee, then .
the tenant is bound to follow his lord but twenty
days. The other kind of i.\\\% efcuage uncertain is
called Caltleward, where the tenant is bound t*
defend a cadle. Efcuage certain is where the tenant
is fet at a certain fum o( money to be paid in lieu of
fuch uncertain ferviccs. Coivel,

E'sculentI <7i//. [^a/ewteir, Latin.] Good
for food ; eatable.

I knew a man that would faft five days ; but tlie
fame man ufed to have continually a great wifp of
herbs that he fmellcd on, and fome efculent herbs
of ftrong fcent, as garlick. Hacon.

Es'coLEvr. n.f. Something fit for food.
This cutting oft' the leaves in plants, where the '
root is the efculent, as radilh and parfnips, it will
makethe root the greater, and fo it will do to the
heads of onioiu ; and where the fruit is the efculent,
by llrengthening the root, it will make the Iruit alio
the greater. liaeon's Natural Hifloiy.

EspA'LirR. ». /. Trees planted and cut fo
as to join.

Plant your faireft tulips in places of flielter, an*
under effaliers. Eiielyn'x Kalexder.

Behold Vilbrio'j ten years toil complete.
His arbours darken, his iffalicrs meet. Pofe.

Espa'rcet, n. f. \^medica, or trifolium,
Latin.] A kind of faint-foin. A plant.

Mortimer.
ESPE'CIAL. adj. [^W,/, Latin.] Prin-
cipal ; chief.

They had tli' effedal tTi%mct been, to rear.
His fortunes up. Daniel's Ci-vil Ifar,

Espe'ciai.ly. ad-v. [from rffedaL] Princi-
pally ; chiefly ; particularly ; in an un-
common degree above any other,

I fomewhat marvel, lli.n they effecially (hoii!i
think it abfurd to oppofc church Roicniment, a phm
matter of adiior., unto matter 01 taiih, who know
that thcmfdves divide the gofpel into doflrine and

Would you proceed effecially againft Caius Mjf.
""i.;. , , Shakeffrare.

This dehght children take in doing of mifchief.
but more effecially the pleafure ilicy take to put any
thing to pain that is capable of it, 1 cannot pcrfuad'e
myfelt to be any nihcr than a foreign and introduced
difpofuuMi. l^ckf.

4 1 PAjvidcoce

ESP

"IVwidence hath planted in all mftianatural defire
and curioliiy of knowing things to romc ; anJ luch
thing! rfptclally as concern our particular happinefs,
or the general late of mankind. Burnef.

ESPERA'NCE. n.J. [French.] Hope. Nbt
ufed.

To be word,
The loweft, nioft dejefled things of fortune.
Stands flill in tjferanci, lives not in fear.

Sbakijf care's Khig Lear.
Yet there is a credence in my heart,
An efptranct fo obDiiiately ftrong,
That doth invert th' attell of eyes and ears. Shahf.
ISPI'AL. n.J. [French, Izova efper.] A
fpy; afcout; one fent to bring intelli-
gence. Not ufetl.

Thofe four garrifons, iffulng forth at fuch con-
venient times as they Ihali have intelligence, or
a/fial upon the enemjr, will drive him from one fide
to another. Sfenfer on IrelmiJ.

As he march'H along,
B7 your tffials were difcovered
Two mightier troops. Sbai'J^eare,

'Splals have inform'd me.
The Englith in the fuburbs clofe entrench'd,
Went through a fecret grate. Shake/. Hemy VI.
She had fome fecret r/fsa/s to look abroad for
{;racelul youths, to make Plantagenets.

Bacon's iJetiry Vll-

ESPLANA'BE. n. f. [French. [ In for-
tification, the fame with the glacis of the
countcrfcarp originally ; but now it is
taken for the empty fpace between the
glacis of a citadel and the firllhoufes of
the town. ' Harris,

Espousals, w. /. without a fmgular.
[fpotifalia, Latin; ^o//f, French.] The
aft of contrafting or affiancing a man
and woman to each other; the aft or
ceremony of betrothing.

Espo'osAL. adj. Ufed in the aft^ of
efpoufing or betrothing.

The ambanador put his leg, l^ript naked to the
knee, between the efpoufal (heets ; that the cere-
mony might amount to a con&immation. ■

Bacon's HewyWl.
To ESPO'USE.i;. a. [efpoufer, French.]
J. To contraft or betroth to another :
with to.

Deliver me my wife Michal^ which I effmfed to
me. a Sam.

3, Or 'ui'itb.

He bad received him as a fuppliant, protefied him
as a perfon fled jDr refine, and tffmfcd him "wUb
his kiniwoman. Bacon.

3. To marry; to wed.

Lavinia will 1 make my empcrefs,
lnai in the facred Pantheon her efoufe.

Sbakifpcart's fit. Atidr.

With flowers, garlands, and fwcct fmelling herbs,

JEffoiifed F.ve Jeck'd firft her nuptial bed. Milton.

They foon tfpous'd ; for they with cafe were joinM,

Who were before contradled in the mind, Dryden.

If her fire approves,
1*1 him effoufc her to the peer fhe loves. Pope.

4. To adopt; to take to himfelf.

In gratitude unto the duke of Brstagne for his
former favours, he f/J>o///ii^ that quarrel, and dccljr.^d
himfelf in aid of the duke. Bacon's Henry VII.

5. To maintain; to defend.

Their gods did not on'y interell themfelves in the
•vent of wars, but alfu efpoufed the Icveral parries in
a vifible corporeal defccnt. Dtyden's ywv. Dedic.

The city, array, court, e/fouje my caufe. Dryden.

Men effoufc the well-endowed opinions in faihion,

\ and then iccjc arguments either to make good their

beauty, or varnifh over tlwir deforinity. Lacif,

The lighteoufncfs of the belt caulc may be over-
balanced by the iniquities ol thole that effoufe ir.

StMairidge.

Tlic caufe of religion and goodncfs, which is the
caufe of Cod, is oui's by deiceiit) aud we .ire doubly
bcaad KoiJ^^uff it, Atteriu'y.

ESS

To EspV. v. a, {ejpier, French.]

1 . To fee things at a diftance.

Few there are of fo weak capacity but publick
evils they eafily 'ffyi fewer fo patient as not to
complain, nhcn the grievous Inconveniencies thereof
work feniible fniart. Hooker.

2. To difcover a thing intended to be hid.

He who before he was efpicd was afraid, after
being perceived was afliamed, now being hardly
rubbed upon, left both fi:ar and fliame, and was
moved to anger. Sidnty.

3. To fee unexpeftedly.

As one of them opened hi» fack, he effled his
money. Gen.

4. To difcover as a fpy.

Mofes fent me to efpy out the land, and 1 brought
him word again. Jof. x'lv.j.

To Espy', -v. tt. To watch; to look about.

Stand by the way and efpy ; aOc him that fieeth
what is done? ^11-. xlvii. 19.

Estyji'RE. «. /. [f/ctier, French.] See
Squire.

Ik The armour-bearer ox attendant on a
knight.

z. A title of dignity, and next in degree
below a knight. Thofe to whom this
title is now of right due, arc all the
younger fons of noblemen, and their
heirs male for ever; the four efquires of
the king's body; the eldeft fons of all
baronets ; fo alfo of all knights of the
Bath, and knights batchelors, and their
heirs male in the right line; thofe that
ferve the king in any worfhipful call-
ing, as the fcrjeant chirurgeon, ferjeant
of the ewry, mailer cook, &c. fuch as
are created efquires by the king with a
collar of S. S. of filver, as the heralds and
ferjeants at arm. The chief of fome an-
cient families are likewife efquires by
prefcription ; thofe that bear any fupe-
rior office in the commonwealth, as high
Iheriff of any county, who retains the
titleofefquire during his life, in refpeft
of the great trull he kas had of the po£i
comitatus. He who is a juftice of the peace
has it during the time he is in commilfion,
and no longer. Utter barrifteis, in the
afts of parliament for poll- money, were
ranked among efquires. Bhunt.

What, are our Englifli dead?
^Sir Richard Ketley, Davy Gam, cfyuire. Shakef.
To ESSA'Y. -v. n. [ejfayer, French.]

1 . To attempt ; to try ; to endeavour.

While I this unexampled talk 'JJay,
Pafa awful gulfs, and beat my painful way,
Celelhaldove, divine aflilbncc bring, Blaclmore.

Noconqucft Ihe, but o'er herfelfdefir'd;
No arts efl'ay'd, but not to be admir'd, Pope.

2. To make experiment of,

3. To try the value and purity of metals.

The rtandard in our mint being now fcitled, the
rules and methodsof effaying fuited to it Ihould re-
main unvariable. Locke,

E'ssAY. n.f. [from the verb. The accent
is ufed on either fyllable.]

1. Attempt; endeavour.

Fruitlcls our hopes, though pious our effafs;
Yours to prcfcrve a friend, and mine to prait'c. Smith.

2. Aloofefallyof the mind ; an irregular
indigefted piece; not a regular and orderly
compofition.

My r£ays, of all my other works have been raoft
cnrreiit. Bacon.

Yet modeflly he does his work furvey,
And calls his Snifh'd poem an cjfjy. I'cem to Rofr.

3. Atrial; an experiment.

This ttealiic ^>rjd«i ilfdf in OP higher a title than

ESS

fliat of an ejfay or ImperfeA attempt at t fubjeft.

Gtarrvilte,
He wrote this but ai in ejfay, ortafte of my virtue.

Sbakefpeart,

Aepetitions wear us into a liking of what poflibly,

in the firlt ejfay, difpleafed us. Locke*

4. Firft tafte of any thing ; firft experiment.

Tranilating the firii of Homer's Iliads, I intended

as an effay to the whole work. Dryden't Fall. Pref.

E'SSENCE. tt. /. [cfentia, Latin.]

1. Eflence is but the very nature of any be-
ing, whether it be aftually exifting or
no : a rofe in Winter has an effetice ; irt
Summer it has exiftence alfo. Watts' s Log.

One thinks the foul is air j another, firej
Another, blood ditfus'd about the heart;
Another faiih, the elements confpire.
And to her effence each doth give a part. Dieviet.

I could with the nature of a fpirit were more un«
known to me than it is, that I might believe ill
exiftence, without meddling at all with its ejfence.
Move's Divinf Dia/ogt/cti

He wrote the nature of things upon their names :
he could view«3(/tf««j in themfelves, and read forms
without the comment of dieir refpedlive properties.

South,

2, Formal exiftence ; that which makes aby
thing to be wliat it is.

The vifible church of Jefus is one in outward
profeflion of thofe things, which fupernaturally-
appcrtain to the very ej/ence of ChrilVianlty, and,
are neceflfarily required in every particular Chriftian
man. HAtker,

}. Exiftence ; the quality of being.

In fuch cogitations have I (lood, with fuch a dark-
nefs and'heavinefs of mind, that I might have been
perfuaded to have refigned my very ejfence, Sidney, .

4. Being; exillent perfon.

As far as gods, and heav'niy ejeacrs
Can peri ill. Milton's Paradife LoJI.

5.. Species of exiftent being.

Here be four of your as differing as the four ele-
ments ; and yet you are friends : as for Eupolis, be--
caufe he is temperate, and without patTion he may
be the tifth effence. Bacon,

6. Conftituent fubflance.

For fpirits when thf y plfafe.
Can either fex afTume, or boih ; fo loft
And uncompoundcd is their ijfence pure ;
Not ty'J or manacled wiih joiat or limb. MUfn.

7. The caufe of exiftence. This feofe isr-
not proper.

She is my ejfence; and I leave to be,
If I be not by her fair influence
Foller'd, illumin'd, cherilh'd, kept alive, Sbakefi

8. [In medicine,] The chief properties-
or virtues of any fimple, or compofition.
collefted in a narrow compafs.

9. Perfume; odour; fcent.

Our humble province is to 'tend the fair;
To fave the powder from too rude a gaic.
Nor let th' imprifon'd ejf:nces exhale. ^"f.

To Essence, v, a, [from ^^^f^-.] Toper-
fume; to fcent.

The hulbind rails, from morning to night, at
ejfenced fops and tawdry courtiers. Adjifoit's SpeS,

EbSE'NTIAL. adj. [ejfentialis, Latin.]
I. Neceflary to the conftitution or ex-
iftence of any thing.

The difcipline of our church, although it be not
an eJfcniiaJ fitt of our religion, IhoulJ not be ralhly
altered, as the very fubflance of our rcnglon will be
interefted in it. Bacov.

Frgm that original of doing good, that is ejfeiitial
to the infitjite being of our Creator, we have an ex- '
ccllcnt copy tranfcribed, Spratt,

This power cannot be innate and ejfential to mat-
ter; and it it be not ejfcKtiai^ it is cot^fcqiicnfly moft
manitclHt could never fupervene to it, unlefs im-
prelfcd and infuicd into it by aa immaterial and dt-
vinc power. Bentle^..

A great miniftcr puts you a cafe, and alks your
ofiiiiun; but conceals ui r^rn/zW circuiDltance, up-

EST

«n which the whole weight of the mitter turni.

Svrl/l
And if ejch fyftem ia gradation roll,
Alike effentiul to th' ama*' ig whole,
The leall confulion hut in one, not all
That fyrtem only, but the whole muft fjll.

Pope.

prin-

Important in the higheft degree ;
cipal.

Judgment's amn tffenriai to a general.
Than courage. Dmham'i Sophy.

3. Pure; highly redlified; fubtilely elabo-
rated ; extracted fo as to contain all the
virtues of its elemental parts contraded
into a narrow coinpafs.

The juice of the feed is an tjftntial oil or balm,
defigncd by nature to preferve the feed from corrup-
tion. Arbulbmi,

Essb'ntial. n, f.

I. Exiftence; being.

His utmoft ire to the height cnragM,
Will eitiier quite confume us, or reduce
To nothing this rjfinlial. Mihan't Parajife L-ifi.

t. Nature; firft or conftituent principles.

The plague of fin has even altered his nature, and
eaten into his very r^'oT/u/j. Soutb.

5, The chief point; that which is in any

refpeft of great importance.
Esje'ntially. aJf, \fffentialiler, Latin.]

By the conftitution of nature; really;

according to the true Rate of things.

He ihat loves himfelf,
Hath not effiniially, butbycircumftance.
The name of valour. Shak//f. Henry VI.

Body and fpitit are tJentUUy divided, though not
locallydiftant. Glaiii'ille.

All fin ejftntially is, and muft be mortal. Souib.
Knowledge is that which, next to virtue, truly
and rjfentiaily raifet one man above another.

Addifon't Guardiiin,

Esso'i N E. ». /. [of the French ejjhnit, or
exmnii.\

I . He that has his prefence forborn or ex-
cufed upon any juft caufe; as iickncfs.

Z. Allegement of an excufe for him that is
furamoncd, or fought for, to appear and
anfvi-cr to an aftion real, or to j>erform
fuit to a court-baron, upon juft caofe of
abfence. t'oiye/.

3. Excufe ; exemption.

From every work he challenged ejpnit^
For contemplation fake; yet otherwife
His life he led in lawlefs riotife. Fairy Sfticm

To ESTA'BLISH. v. a. {ftabUr, French.]

1. To fettle tirmlv ; to fix unalterably.

He may eftablijii thee to-day for a people unto
iimfell. "^ ^„,_

I will tjiablijh my covenant with him for an ever-
'"'^•B covenant. Cm. xvii. i,.

The Kormans never obtained this kingdom by
fuch a right of con9uell, as did or might alter the
eftailijhtd laws of the kingdom. Halt'i Com. La-u\

2. To fettle in any privilege or poflcflion ;
to confirm.

Soon afier the rebellion broke out, the Prelbyterian
Uav3:rJ}a6IIJbrd in all its forms by an ordinance
•f tJie lords and commons. S-wif'i

3. To make firm ; to ratify.

Every vow, and every kindinv oath to .fflia the
fou., htr hulband may ejiailifi it, or her hulband
m.y make It void. _ Numi.r,.

4. I o hx or fettle in an opinion.

So were the churches f/aWy/.frf in th, fai,h.

5. To form or modeL

He appointed in what manner his family Oiould be

b. loJoand; to build firmly; to fix im-

moveably, A fenfe not in ufe.

For he hith founded it upon the ftas, and efiabtiJI,.
td It upon ih« floods, pj, )uuy, j,_

EST

7. To make a fettlement of atiy inheritance.
A fenfe not in ufe.

We will eJfMifi our eftafe upon
Ourcldeil Malcolm, whom we name hereafter.
The prince of Cumberland. Shakef. Macbiih.

EsTA'^BLisHEa. a./, \itQTXi eftabli/h.l He
who e^abliftes.

I reverence the holy fathers as divine fjlablijhers
o'f^'/h. L.Dt^by.

ESTA BLTSHMENT. ». /, [from ejlablijh ;
ctahlijfenent, French. J

1. Settlement ; fixed ftate.

All happy peace, and g.Todl7 government,
Is fettled tlieie in fure ejlablijbmcnt . Fairy Slum.

2. Confirmation of fomething already done ;
ratification.

He had not the aft penned by way of recognition
of right; as, on the other fide, he avoided to have it
by new law) but chofe rather a kind of middle way,
by way of ejiublijhmoit. Bacon's Htrtry VII.

3. Settled regulation; form; model of a
government or family.

Now come into that general reformation, and
bring in that e/labUJbmmt by which all men Ihould
be contained in duty. Stoifer.

4. foundation; 'fundamental prmciple;
fettled law.

Tlic facred order (0 which you belong, and even
the f/lailifimeKt on which it fubCfts, have often been
flruckat; but in vain. Aiurimy.

5. Allowance; income; falary.

His excellency, who had the fole difpofal of the
emperor's revenue, might gradually leilcnyour eflab-
lijhm"". i<u,if,.

6. bettled or final reft.

Whilft we fet unour hopes and fjl.ih!ljhme>,t here,
we do not (erioufly confider that God has provided
another and better place for us. lyakt

Esta'te. »./. \]:Jiat, French.]

The general intereft ; the bufinefs of the
government; the publick. In this fenfe
It IS now commonly writtenyya/^.

Many times the things .idduced to judgment may
be wteum &f tuum, when the reafon and confciucnces
thereof may reach to point of cftatt i 1 call matters
of f/?,jre not only the parts of fovereignty, butwhat-
foever introduccth any great alter.uion, or dangerous
precedent, or concemeth manifeftly anygreat portion
ot people. Bacon's Ujfays.

. Condition of life, with regard to prof-
perity or adverfity.

Thanks to giddy chance.
She call _ys headlong from our high cjiatt. Dryitn.

3. Condition; circumftances in general.
Truth and certainty are not at all fecured by innate

principles; but men are in the fame uncertain,
floating rjijtt with as without them. Locki.

4. Fortune; poflcflion: generally meant of
pofleflions m land, or realities.

Sheaccufed us to the king, as thoueh we went
about to overthrow him in his own cjiutc. Sidney.

Co, mifer! go; for lucre fell thy foul ;
Truck wares for wares, and trudge from pole to pole.
That men may fay, when thou .irt dead and gone,
See what a vail ejlate he left his fon I Dryd. Per/.

5. Rank; quality.
Who hath not heard of the greatnefs of your

tfiatef Who feeth not that your ejaie is much
excelled with that fwect uniting of all beauties.
/■A /> Sidney.

6. A perfon of high rank. This fenfe is
difufed.

She is a dutchefs, a great rjlale. Latimer.

Herod, on his birth-day, maje a fupper to his lords,
high captains, and chief rjlatei of Gililce.
_ „ Murk,i\. 21.

■/ohsTATE. v. a. [from the noun.J To
fettle as a fortune.

Why hatli ihy (jneen
Stimmon'd me hirher *
— A contraa of true love to celebrate.
And fomc donation fieely to ejlale
Oa Uie blca l9vct.. kljukcjj/eari': T^m^ejl ,

EST

To ESTEEM, eo. a. Sjflinur, French j ^/«,,

Latin.]
I. To fet a value whether high or low upon

any thing.
The worth of all men by their end ejleem^ _

And then due praife, or due reproach them yield.

« I 1 J • , Sten/en

A Iciowledge in the works of nature th.:y honour,

and ejieen highly profound wifdom:' howbei; this

wifdom ftvetli not. Hooker^

I preferred her before fceptres and thrones, ani

ejieemed riches nothing in comparifon of her

_, . . iyifd.yvx.%.

2. I o compare ; to eftimate by proportion.
Befides, thofe (ingle foims Ihc doth ejlecm.

And in her balance doth their values try. Daviet,

3. To prize; to rate high; to regard with
revererice.

Who would not be lo«d more, though he were
e/eemcd lefs i Drydan

4. To hold in opinion ; to think ; to ima-
gine.

One man efteemeih one day above another ; anotheC
ejleemelh every day alike. Ram. xiv. ;.

To Esteem, -j. n. To confider as to value :
with«/C

Many would little ejlcem o/"theirown lives, yet
for remoife of their wives and children, would be
withheld from that henious crime.

Estk'em. »./. [from the verb.] High valiic;
reverential regard.

Who can fee.
Without ^wm for virtuous poverty,
Sevete Fabricius, or can ccafc t' admire
The ploughman conful in hifcoavfe attire? Dryden.
Both thofe poets lived in much cjieem with good
and holy men in orders. Dryden' s Fables, Preface,
1 am not uncafy that many, whom I never had
any efleem for, axe likely to enjoy this world after
„>"«•, Pofe.

Este'embr. n. f. [from ejiecm.] One
that highly values; one that fcts an higk
rate upon any thing.

This might inllruift the proudeft ^center of hil
own parts, how ufeful it is to talk and coiifult with
otheis. Licke

E'STIMABLE. adj. [French.]

1. Valuable; *orth a large price.

A pound of man's flelh, taken from a man.
Is not fo ejiimable or protitable
As flelh of muttons, beefs, or goats. Shi>kefpeare.

2, Worthy of efteem; worthyof feme degree
of honour and refpeft.

A lady faid of her two companions, that one w»s
more amiable, the other more ejiimalile.

Vou loft one, who gave hopes of being, in time,

every thing that was ejiimable and good. Tenitle.

E'sTiMABLENESS. n. /. [itom cftJmaile.']

The quality of dcferving regard.
To E'STIMATE. -v. a. [efjiimo, Latin.]

1. To rate; toadjult the value of; to judge
of any thing by its proportloil., to fome-
thing elfe.

When a man (hall fanftify his houfe to the Lord,
then the pricft (hall (Jlimate it whether it be good of
bad: as the pricft (hall rJliMate it, fo (hall it (land.

Lev. xxvii. 14.

It is by the weight 0' filver, and not the i»me of '
the piece, that men efiimatc commodities and ex-
change them, l,xke.

2. To calculate; to compute.
E'sTiMATE. «./. [from the verb.]

1 . Computation ; calculation.

Upon a moderate efiimale and calculation of t!ie
quantity of water nojv adually contained in l\\f
abjfs 1 found that this alone w.t. full enonpli tn
cover the whole globe to the hci|;ht afligncd by
Mofes. H'otidvard ,

2. Value.

I'd love
My conntr/'t good, with a rcfpeft more tender,
4 T * M»re

EST

More hol;^ and profaund tlun mine own Y\(e,
My deir Wife's ej/imatr, her womb's incrcafe,
Thetreafure of my loins. ■Siakcfffare'i Cariolanu).

5. Valuation ; alTigniiient of proportional
value; comparative judgment.

The only way to come to a true rJilmMt upon the

tidds beitviit a publick and a private lil'c, is to try

both. L'Ejiraxgi.

Outward anions can never give a juft eftimaic of

U5, fince there are many perfections of a man which

are not capable of appearing in a£iions. Addijun.

Estima'tion. ti, f, \XtQKi ejiimau,^

i. The aft of adjufting proportional value.

If a man ihould faofiify unto the lord fome part
of a 6eld, the tjiimatiai thall be according to the
Iced. Levhicus.

2. Calculation; computation.

3. Opinion ; judgement.

In our own ejiimaiion we account fuch particulars
more worthy than thofe that are already tried and
known. Bacon.

4. Efteem; regard; honour.

Crimes there were laid to his charge many, the
leaft whereof being juft, had bereaved him of i^;>a-
tion and credit with men. (lioker.

Of your brace of unprizcabie .iJlimationSy the ohc
is but frail, and the other c.ifual. Shakefptare.

I know the gen;leman
To be of worth and worthy ijlimatioii.
And not without dcfert fo well reputed. Shakefptare.

1 fball have ejiimtithn among the multitude, and
honour with the elders. lyi/J. viii. 10.

A plain reafon of the publick honours due to the
magiltrate is, that he may be in due eJHmaiinn and
reverence. Atterhury.

E'sTlMATiVF. ad/, [hom ejlimafe-l Hav-
ing the power of comparing and adjufting
the preference.

VVc find in animals an eftimative or judicial
faculty, anappetitionoraverfation, and loco-motive
faculty anfwermg the will. Hale.

The error is not in the eye, hut 'm\\\i efiimullve
farulty, which miftakingly concludes that colour 10
belong CO the wall, which indeed belongs to the ob-
jeft. BoyU.

Estima'tor. n.f. [from eftlmale.'] A fet-

tler of rates; a computift.
E'srivAL. adj. \^izus, Latin.]
I. Pertaining to the fummer.
z. Continuing for the funinier.
Estiva'tion. «. /. \a-flivatio, Latin.]
The aft of pafiing the fummer.

A grotto is a place ol Ihade, or tfiii'Miun. Bjcon.

EsTo'pKL. ». /. [law term.] Such an aft

as bars any legal procefs.
EtTo'vERS. w. /. [law terra.] Neceffaries

allowed by law.
Estra'de. n.f. [French ;^r<7/ii(«, Latin.]

An even or level fpacc. Dii'l.

qr* ESTRA'NGE. 'v. a. [fftraMgn-, French.]
I . To keep at a diftance ; to withdraw.

Mad we not only cut off" rheir corruption*, but
alfo ejifungci outfclvcs from them til things indif-
ferent, who feeili not how greatly' prejudicial this
mit;ht have been to fo good a caufe ! HiAtr.

They know it it out cu!iom of fimple reading, not
for coiivcrfion of infidcK rjlr.tiiged from tlie houfe of
Cod, but for lolUudion of men bap. need, bred, aitd
brought up in the bofum of the church. lliu,kir.

, See, Ihc weeps;
Thinks me unkind, or faUe, and knows not why
I thus rft range my perfon from her bc4. Dry Jen.

a. To alienate; to divert from its original
ufc or pofTeflbr.

They have ejhangtd this place, and have b.irnt
inrenfe in it toother gods. fir. xii. 4.

7, To alienate from afTcftion ; to turn from
kindnefs to malevolence or indifference.

1 low cooies it now, my hurt'and, oh, how comes it,
That thou ait thus rjlrangid fiom ihjfelf?
VhytcU 1 Call it, beii-g ftiaiigc to me. Xkakefftare.

ETC

Kiia\,ejlraiig'd in look, and alter'd ftyle.
Speech intermitted, thus to Eve renew'd. Milten.

1 came to grieve a fatlier's heart tjlrant'd;
Butlittle thought to find a miftrefs chang'd. Dryden.

I do not know, to this hour, what it is that has
ejirangtd him from me. Pope.

4. To withdraw or withhold.

We muft tjirange our belief from every thing
which is not clearly and dillih£lly evidenced.

Clanv'tlle's Scepjis.
Estrangement, n.f. [from eftrange.]
Alienation; dillance; removal; voluntary
abftraftion.

Dcfires, by a loop eftrangemtnt from better things,
come at length perfeflly to loath, and fly otF from
them. South.

ESrRAPJ'DE. ». /. [French.] The de-
fence of a horfe that will not obey, who,
to get rid of his rider, rifes mightly
before ; and while his forehand is yet
in the air, yerks furioufly with his hind
legs. ' Farrier's Dia.

Estre'ate. n.f. [extrnavrntljiCin] The
true copy of an original writing : for
example, of amerciaments or penalties, fet
down in the rolls of a court, to be levied
by the bailiff, or other officer, of every
man for his offence. A law term,

Ctnvel.

Estrf'pement. K.f. [of the French word

ejirepier.] Spoil made by the tenant for

term of life upon any lands or woods,

to the prejudice of him in the rcverfion.

Cmvel.
E'strich. «?./. [commonly written j/?^^, •
Jirutiiocameiris.J The largeft of birds.

To be furious.
Is to be frighred out of tear ; and in tliat mood.
The dove will peck the cjlrijge. Shake/peare.

The peacock, not at thy command afTumes,
His glorious (rain, nor eftricb her rare plumes.

Sandys.

E'sTUANCE. n.J. Heat; warmth. AVord
rarely found.

Averroes iclvrainiul his hilarity, and made no
more thereof than Seneca commciideth and was al-
lowable in Cato; that is, a f'ober incakfccnce, and
regulated ejluance from wine. Brown,

E'sTUARV. ». /. {.-rjluarium, Latin.] An
arm of t!ie fea ; the mouth of a lake or
river in which the tide recipiDcates ; a
frith.
To Est u ATE. "v. a. [^a-Jitio, Latin.] To
fwell and fall reciprocally; to boil; to be
in a (late of violent commotion. Di.fl.
Estua'tion. ». /. [from erjiuo, Latin.]
The ftate of boiling; reciprocation of rife
and fall ; agitation ; commotion.

Rivets and lakes that want fermenting parts at ihe
bottom, arc not excited into ejiuations\ therefore
Come ii:a!i flow higher than others. Brc-wn.

'Ilic motion of tlie will is accompanied with a
fenfible commotion of the fpirits, and an' rjluathn-oi
the bldod. N:/rrL\

E'sTURE. «./. \_ajlu!, Liitin.] Violence;
commotion.

The Teas retain
Not only their outrageous f^ute there.
Bill lupernatural mifchicf they expire. Chapman.

Esu'rif NT. a^'. [^//yVw, Latin.] Hungry;
voracious. Di(3.

BJs-VKiKE, aJJ. [j/irr/fl, Latin.] Corroding;
eating. - '■'■'

Over much piercing is the air of HampOead, in
which fort of air there is always fomelhing r/>.r/;rt°
and acid. H'i/tman.

Etc. A contraftion cf the two Latin

E T E

words et cielera, which fignifies, andfo mt;
and the reft ; and others of the like kind.
To Etch. t;. a. [etzen, German.]

1. A way ufed in making of prints, by
drawing with a proper needle upon a cop-
per-plate, covered over with a ground of
wax, ijf(. and well blacked with the fmoke
of a link, in order to take off the figure of
the drawing or print ; which having its
backfide tinftured with white lead, will
by running over the ftrucken out lines
with a (lift, imprefs the cxaft figure on

, the black or red ground ; which figure is
afterwards with needles drawn deeper
quite through the ground, and all the
fnadows and hatchings put in; and then
a wax border being made all round the
plate, there is poured on a fufficient quan-
tity of well tempered ajaa fortis, which
infmuating into the ftrokes made by the
needles, ufually eats, in about half an
hour, into the figure of the print or draw-
ing on the copper-plate. Harris,

2. To (ketch ; to draw ; to delineate [^unlefs
this word be miftaken by Locke iot eke,]

There are many empty terms to be found in fome
learned writers, to which they had recaurfe to eicb
out their fyftems. Locke.

3. [This word is evidently miftaken by Ray
for edge.'] To move forwards towards one
fide.

When we lie long awake in the night, we are not
able to reft one quarter of on hour without (hifting
of lides, or at leatt etching this way and that way,
more or lefs. Rxiy.

Etch. n. f. A country word of which I
know not the meaning.

When they fow their etch crops, they fprinklc
a pound or two of clover on an acre. Mortimer.

Where you find dunging of land makes it rank,
lay dung upon the etch, and fow it with barley.

Mortimer's Hujbandry,
ETE'RNAL. adj. [erternits, Latin.]

1. Without beginning or end.

The eterna! God is thy refuge. Diuler. xxxiii. 27.

2. Without beginning.

' It is a (jueftion quite diflferent from our having an
idea of eternity, to know whether there were any
real being, whofe duration has been eternal f hiekt,

3. Without end ; endlefs; immortal.

Thou kiK}w*ll that Banquo and his Fleance lives,
— But in them nature's copy's not eternal. Shakefp,

4. Perpetual; conftant; unintermrtting.

Burnt otf 'rings morn and ev'ning (hall be thine,
.\nd fires fiern.ii \n thy temple thine. Dryden.

5. Unchangeable.

Mobbes believed the eternal truths which he op-
pofed. \ DryJen.

Ete'rnal. ». /. [eternel, French,] One
of the appellations of the Godhead.

Tliatlaw whereby the iVnTi.jyhirofcIf doth work*

Hooker.

The Eternal, to prevent fuch horrid fray,

Hung out of lieav'n his golden fcales. Milton.

Ete'rnai.ist. »./. [aternifs, Latin.] One

that holds the pall exigence of the world

infinite.

I would aflc the eternaliJIs what mark is there
that they could expect to delire of the iiovelry of a
woiid, that is not found in thii>? Or what mark is
there of eternity that is not lound in this^ Burnet.

To Eti'rn alize. t. a. [fromrfrrW.] To
make eternal. Z);V7,

Etfr'n ally. ad-v. [from eternal.']

1. Without beginning or end.

2. Unchangeably ; invariably.

That v\liich is morally good, or evil, at any bme,

E T E

' or in »ny cafe, mull be «lfo tttmaUy and unchange-
ably fo, with relation to that time and to that cafe.

South ,

3, Perpetually; withcJt interrniflion.

, Bear me, fame god, to Baj .'s gentle feats,
Or cover me in Umbna's green retreats.
Where wcftern gales tttrnaily refide.
And all the feafons laviOi all their pride. AJJifc^it.
Ete'rne. adj. [<«■/(•"?«/, Latin.] Eternal;
perpetual ; endlefs.

The Cyclops \.:,mmtTi fall
On Mars his armour, forg'd for proof cieme. Shake/.
Ete'enity. 71. f. [Eterifita:, Latin.]

1. Duration without beginning or end.

In this ground his precious root
Still lives, which, when weak time (hall be pour'd oat
IntOf/erw/Vv, and circular joys
Dancing ari endlefs round, again (liall rife. Crajhavi.

Thy immortal rhyme
Makes this one (hort point of time.
To fill up half the orb of round Eternity. Cnvlcy.
By repeating the idea of any length of duration
which we have in our minds, with all the endlefs
addition of number, we come by the idea o( eternity.

Lode,

2. Duration without end.

Beyond is all abyfs,
Etermtyf whofc end no eye can reach ! Miltcrt,

Eternity, thou pleating, dreadful thought !
Through what vanety of uniried being.
Through what new fcenes and changes muft we pafs !

Addi/on.
To Ete'rnize. <v. a. [eeterm, Latin.]

1. To make endlefs ; to perpetuate.

1 with two fair gifts
Created him endow'd ; with happinefs,
And immortality : that fondly lolt.
This other ferv'd but to eternize woe. Alitton,

2. To make for ever famous ; to immor-
talize.

Mankind by all means feeking to eterni-xx him-
felf, fo much the more as he it near his end, doth
it by fpeeches and writings. Sidney.

And well befeems all knights of noble name,
That covet in th* immortal book of fame
To be eterni:ud, that fame to haunt. Fairy Siueen.

I might relate of thoufands, and their names
Eternite here on earth ; but lliofe elcft
AngeU, contented with their fame in heav'n.
Seek not the praife of men. Milton' i Faradife Loji.

The four great monarchies have been celebrated
by the writings of many famous men, who have
tternixed their fame, and thereby their own. Temple.

Both of them art fet on fire by the great actions
of heroes, and both endeavour to eteini-x^ them.

Dryden't Dufrefnoy.

3. Creech feems to have accented the firft
fyllable.

Hence came its name, in that the grateful Jove
Hath eier):ii.'d the glory of his love. Creech's Manil.
ETHER, n.f. [alher, Latin; «.:>«.]
I, An element more Hne and fubtile than
air ; air refined or fublimed.

If any one (hould fuppofc that ether, like our air,
nay contain particles which endeavour to recede
from one another ; for X do not know that this
efher is; and that its particles are exceedingly
fmallerthan thofe of air, or even than thofe of light,
the exceeding fmallnefs of its particles may contri-
bute to the grearnefs of the force by which thofe par-
ticle? may recede from one another. Neivtcn.

The parts of other bodies are held together by
the eternal preffure of the el/j'r, and can have no
other conceivable ca .'; of their cohclion and union.

JLccie.

a. The matter of the higheft tegions above.

There fields of light and liquid ether flow,
Purg'd from the pond'rous dregs of earth below,

JUrjden.

Ethf.'reai. adj. [from «^fr.]
1, Formed of ether.

Man feel» men when I prefs th' erierea/ fh'im.

Dryden.

a. CelcfUal; heavenly.

E T Y

Co heavenly gueft, ethereal mefleflger,
Sent from whofe fovcreign goodnefs I adore, Atilton,

Thrones and imperial pow'rs, offspring of Heaven,
Ethereal virtues ! Milton' Paradife Left.

Such as thefe, being in good part freed from the
entanglements of fenfe and body, are employed,
like the fpirits above, in contemplating the Divine
Wifdom in the works of nature ; a kind of antici-
pation of the ethereal happinefs and employment.

Glanfille.

Vaft chain of being, which from God began,
VsLtures ethereal, human; angel, man. Pope.

Ethe'reous. adj. [from ether.] Formed
of ether ; heavenly.

Behold the bright furface
Of this elhereous mould, whereon we (land. Milton.

E'THICAL. adj. [i'3-.x©'.] Moral; treating
on morality.

E'thically. ai^'. [ftom elhica!.] Accord-
ing to the doftrines of morality. ,

My fubjedlleadsmenot todifcourfee/A/ia//)', but
Chriftiaftly of the faults of the tongue.

Government of the Tongue.
E'thick. adj. [i'^i»©-.] Moral; deliver-
ing precepts of morality. Whence Pofe
entitled part of his works Ethid Epiftles.
E'thicks. n. /. without the Angular.

fii^wi).] The doftrine of morality; a
yftem of morality.

For of all moral virtues, Ihe was all
That etbicks fpcak of virtues cardinal. Donne,

I will never fet politicks againft ethicki; for true
ethicki are but as a handmaid to divinity and reli-
gion. Bacon,

Perlius profefles the Hoick philofophy ; the mod
generous amongH all the feds who have given rules
of elbickt. Dryden.

If the atheids would live up to the ethicks of
Epicurus himfclf, they would make few or no pro-
fclytes from the Chridian religion. BentUy.

E'thnick. adj. [i&nx®-.] Heathen; Pa-
gan; notJewi(h; notChriftian.

Such contumely as the ethick world durft not
offer him, is the peculiar infolence of degenerated
Chrillians. Gei'. 0/ the Tongue.

1 (hall begin with the agreement of profane,
whether Jewilh or ethick, with the Sacred Writ-
ings. Greiu.

E'th.mcks. «./. Heathens; not Jews; not
Chriftians.

This fird Jupiter of the eihnicki was then the

fame Cain, the fon of Adam. Raitigh'i Hijlory.

Etholo'gical. adj. [ii'&®* and A*y©-.]

Treating of morality.
Etio'locy. a. /. [iiiTioA»y««.] An ac-
count of the caufes of any thing, gene-
rally of a diftemper.

1 have not particulars enough to enable me to en-
ter into the etiology of this didemper. Arbuthnoi.
Etymclo'cical. adj. [from etymology.]
Relating to etymology ; relating to the
derivation of words.
EjKufe this conceit, this etymological obfervation.

Locke.

Etymo'locist. ». f. [from etymology.]

One who fearches out the original of

words ; one who (hows the derivation of

words from their original.

ETMO'LOGY. n. f. [etjmologia, Lat.

'irvfU/'M, and AoV<^.]
I. Thedcfcent or derivation of a word from
its original; the dedudlionof formations
from the radical word ; the analyfis of
compound words into primitives.

Confumpiion is generally taken for any univerfal
diminution «nd colliquaiionofthe body which accep-
tation its ttymology implies.

Harvey on Confumptions.

When words are redrained, by common ulage,

to a particukr fenfe, to run up to etymology, and

EVA

conllrue them by didionary, is wretchedly ridicu-
lous. Collier's Vieiu of the Stage,

Pelvis is ufed by comick writers for a looking-
glafs, by which means the etymology of the word is
vifible, and pelvidera will (ignify a lady who looks in
her glafs. Addifon's SpeBator.

If the meaning of a word could be learned by its
derivation oc etymology, yet the original derivation
of words is oftentimes very daik. If'atts's Log.

2. The part of grammar which delivers the

inflexions of nouns and verbs.
E'tymon. k./. [ij-t/ior.] Origin; primi-
tive word.

Blue hath its etymon from the High Dutch btaw;

from whence they call hemmel-blue, that which we

call iky-colour or heaven's blue. Peacham.

To Eva'cate. 1'. a. \jvaco, Latin.] To

empt)' out ; to throw out.

Dry air opens the furface of the earth to difin-
carcerate venene bodies, or to cvacite them.

Harvey on the Plague.

To EVA'CUATE. -v. a. [e^acuo, Latin.]

1. To make empty ; to clear.

There is no good way of prevention but by eva-
cuating c\m\, and emptying the church. Hooker,

We tried how far tlie air would manifed its gra-
vity in fo thin a medium, as we could make in our
receiver, hy evacuating \t. Boyle,

2. Te throw out as noxious, or offenfive.

3. To void by any of the excretory paflages. ^

Boerhaave gives an indanceof a patient, who by
a long ufe of whey and water, and garden fruits,
evacuated a great quantity of black matter, and
recovered his fenfes. Athuthrot,

4. To make void; to evacate ; to nullify;
to annul.

The defeft, though it would not evacuate a mar-
riage, after cohabitation and adlual confummation ;
yet it was enough to make void a contra*^.

Bacon's Henry VII,
If the prophecies recorded of the Meffiah are not
fulfilled in Jefus of Nazareth, it is impoffible to
know when a prophecy is fulfilled, and when not,
in any thing or perfon whatfoever, which would ut-
terly evacuate the ufe of them. South,
c. To quit ; to withdraw from out of a place.
As this neutrality was never obferved by the em-
pereur, fo he never z^t^\s2\\y evacuated Catatonia.

SvjiJ't,
Eva'cuant. tt,/, \evacuatti, Latin.] iVlc-
dicme that procures evacuation by any
paflage.
Evacua'tion. n./, [^Tome'vaciiafe,]

1 . Such emiffions as leave a vacancy ; dif-
charge. ,

Confider the vad evacuatitni of men that Eng-
land hath had by affiftances lent to foreign king-
doms. Hale'i Origin cj Mankind,

2. Abolition; nullification.

Popery hath not been able to re-edablirti iifelf in
any place, after provifion made agaiiill it, by utter
evacuation o( M Romifh ceremonies. Hooker.

3. The praflice of emptying the body by
phyfick.

The ufual praftice of phyfick among us, turns in
a manner wholly upon ev,icitation, either by bleed-
ing, vomit, or fome purgation. Temple,

4. Difcharges of the body by any vent na-
tural or artificial.

To EVA'DE. 1), a, [evado, Latin.]
I. To elude; to efcape by artifice or ilrata-
gem.

In this point charge him home, that he affedlt
Tyrannick power: il he evade us there,
Inforcc him with hiscnvy to the people. Sbakefpeare%

\\ thou covet death as utmoll end
Ofmifery, fothiiiking loeiade
The penalty pronouncM, doubt not but Cod
Hath wifclicr arm'd his ve.ige ful ire, than fo
To be forcftall'd. Milton's Par.,dife Loft.

He might evade the accomplilhmcKt ot ihefe
affliClions he now gradually endureih. Brottm,

To

EVA

t. To avoid ; to decline by AiHterf igf .

Ourqueftion thou evjJ'Ji ; how did 'II ihoj dare
Tobreak hcUbounds? Dryjfit's St.ilc of liauKence.

J. To efcape or elude by fophillry.

My argument evijemly oveiilir.iws all that he
bringi 10 n'uJe the leilimonica of the fathers.

Siillingjlttt ,

4. To efcape as imperceptible or uncon-
querable, as too great or too fubtleto be
icized or fubducd.

Wc have feeii how a contingent even baffles man'i
Vnowlcdge, and evajis his po\ver. South.

To. Eva'de. h, n.

1. To efcape ; to flip away. It ia Hot now
ufed with_/ro/7r.

His wifilow, by ofien evading fram perils, was
turned rather into a dexterity to deliver himfclt
from dangers, than into a providence to prevent it.
Bucon'i Utnry VII.
Unarm'd they might
Have eafily. as fjpirils, ruarffi/fwift
By quick ccntradlion, or remove. Millon.

2. To praiJ^ifc fophiftry or evafions.

The miuillers of God are not to rvaiie or take
irfuge in any of thefc two formentioned ways.

South.

Evaga'tion. n.f. [evagor, Latin.] The
aft of wandering ; excurfion J ramble; de-
viation.

Thcie long chains of lofty mountains which run
through whole continents eall and we'.i, ferve to ftop
the « yaf a/i'oB of the vapours to the north and fouth
in hot countries. /'•y-

Evane'scent. adj. [ei'/titfjctus, Latin. J
Vanifhing ; imperceptible ; leffening be-
yond the perception of the fenfes.

The canal grows ftill fmaller and flendcrer, fo as
that the cvaiu-fctnt folid and fluid will fcarce differ.

Arifuthnot.

The difference between right and wrong, on fome
ff tty cafes, is almoll evanrfccm. Vl'Maftcn,

The downy orchard, and the melting pulp
Of mellow fruit, the namelefs nations Iced
Of rvantf.oit YlAtSa ThomJoCs Spring,

iEvange'licai.. <7i^'. [evangelique, French;

evangelicu! , Latin.]
ii. Agreeable to gofpel ; confonant to the

Chriltian law revealed in the holy gofpel.

This diftinflion between moral goodnefs and
«»j»jf/(fa/ perfetlioni ought to have been obferved.

Arbuthntt^

GoJ will indeed judge the world in righteoufnefsj

but 'tis by ruangtiical, not a legal rightcoufncfs,

and by the intervention of the man Chrift JefUs,

who is the Saviour at well as the Judge of the world.

Attevbury ,

2. Contained in the gofpel.

Thofc tvangclicai hymns they allow not to ftand
in our liturgy. Hoehr.

■Eva'ngelism. «./. [from ri'ange/j.'j The
promulgation of the blefled gofpel.

Thus was this land faved from inhdelity, through
the apoftolical and mirnculous evjfrgt/i/m. Bacon.
Eva'nCELIST. «./. [it/KyysA®-.]

1. A writer of the niftory of our Lord
Jefus.

Each of thcfe early writers afcribe to the four
ruangrtiflt by name their refpeflive hilloriu.

Adiifutt.
a. A promulgator of the Chriftian laws.

Thofe to whom he firll enlrurted the promulgating
of the gofpc), h.id inilruflions; and it were lit our
new nanfj.ljtt lltould (liow tlieir authority.

DeayifPilty.

To EvA'NcrLlZF. 'v.a. [evangelizo, Latin;
tt>!tvy»^'i»'.] To inllruft in the gofpel,
or law of Jefus.

The fpirit
Pour'd firft on his apoftles, whom he fends
T' fva"geliz£ the nations; then on all
Bjj-t>t'U| fhall them with wosd'rous jifis endue.

MiJ:cii,

EVA

EVA'MGELY. «. /. [-nxyyoJi, that is,
good tidings.] Good tidings; themcflage
of pardon and falvatioiv; the holy gofpel ;
the gofpel oijijus.

Good I>UCiuS,

Thatfirft receiv'd Chrinianity,
The facred pledge of Q.'tv(\A.\evttngtly. Fairy ^
Eva'nid. adj. \e<vamdust Latin.] Faint;
weak ; evanefcent.

Where there is heat and ftrength enough in the
plant to make the leaves odoratc, there the fmell
of the flower is rather nianid and weaker than that
of the leave?. Bacon,

The decoilions of 6mplc9, which bear the vifible
colours of bodies decoded, are dead and evanid,
without the commixtion of allum, argol, and tlie
like. Broivn.

I put as great difTerence between our new liglits
and ancient truths, as between ths fun and an
tvaiiid meteor. GlunviUe.

ToEva'nish. v.a. [««M^, Latin.] To
vanilh; to efcape from notice or percep-
tion.

Eva'porable. adj. [from e-japoraU.^ Ea-
fily diilipatcd in fumes or vapours.

Such cordial powders as arc aromatick, their vir-
tue lies in parts that ai« of themfelves volatile, and
ealily n'afomhle, Crctv.

To EVA'PORATE. -v. n. [rvapen,, La-
tin.] To fly away in vapours or fumes ;
to wade infenfibly as a volatile fpirit.

Pocfy is of fo fubtile a fpirit, that in the fouring
out of one language into another it will evaporate.

Denbem.

Our works unhappily e^'aforated into word» ; we
Ihould have talked lefs,. and done morev

Decay of Piety.

Being weary with attending the flow contumption
of the liquor, we fet it in a digefting furnace to
evaporati' more nimbly. Boyle.

'riiis vapour falling upon joints which have not
heat enough to difpel it, cannot be curcu otherwife
than by burning, by which U evaporates. Temple.

The enemy takes a furer way to confume us, by
letting our courage evaporate aguinlf Hones and rub-
bifli. Siuijt.

To Eva'porate. "v. a.

1. To drive away in fumes; to difperfe in
vapours.

1 f w c compute that prodigious mafs of water daily
thrown into the fca from all the riv«rs, wc (liould
then know how much is perpetually evaporated, and
cad again upon the continents to fupply thofe innu-
merable llreams. Beniliy.

Convents abroad are fo many retreats for the fpe-
culative, the melancholy, the proud, the l.lcnt, the
politick, and the morofe, to fpend themfelves, and
evaporate the noiious particles. Sv.ujt.

We perceive clearly that five will warm or burn us,
and will evaporate water. lVatti*i l^gitk.

2. To give vent to; to let out in ebullition
or fallics.

My lord of Effex niaporalfd his thoughts in a fon-
net to be lung before the queen. tVotton.

Evapora'tion. n.f. [from «;/7/«r<7/<f.]

1 . 1 he aft of flying away in fumes or va-
pours ; vent ; difcharge.

They are but the fruits of adufted choler, and the
evaporatiom of a vindidlive fpirit. tio^vel.

£vuptraiiont are at fome times greater, according
to the greater heat of the fun; fo wherever they
alight again in rain, 'tis fuperior in quan^y to the
rain of colder I'eafons. ffondivard.

2. The aft of attenuating matter, fo as to
make it fume away.

Thofe waters, by rarcfaflion and evaporation,
afcended. Ral,

3. [In pharmacy.] An operation by which
liquids are fpent or driven away in fleams,
fo as to leave fome part ftronger, or of a
hii>her confirtence than before. ^incy,

Eva'sio.n, *./. [fi'a/«/«, Latin.] Excufe;

EVE

fubterfugc ; fophiftry ; artifice ; artful
means of eluding or efctping.

We are too well acquainted with Uiofc anfwers ;
But his rvajion, wiug'd thus fwjft witli fcorn,
Cannot outriy our appiohenrions. Sbatrfptate,

Him, after all di^putcff,
Forc'd I abfolve s all my cvajions vaiir,
.^nd reafonings, though through mazes, lead me ftilj
But to my own couvidion. Milton' t Buradife L^.

In ^*ain thou llriv'ft to cover Oiame with Oituitc ;
Tliou by evafiom thy crime uncover'll more. Mtht
Eva'sive. adj. \fiom evade. '\

1. Ptaftifing evafion ; elufive.

Thus he", though confcious of th'cticrial gueft,
Anfvvcr'd evajlve oi the flv- rcquclV. Popc'i OJyJjiyt

2. Containing an evafion; fophiftical ; dif-
honeftly artful.

Eva'sively. ad-v. [ftome^'aftve.l Byeva«

fion ; elufively ; fophifticaily.
EU'CHARIST. «. /. [«>;«f.f.«.] Theaft
of giving thanks; the facramental aft in
wluch the death of our Redeemer is com-
memorated with a thankful remembrance j
the facramcnt of the Lord's ftipi)er.

Himfelf did better like of common bread to be ufed

in the euchariji. Uootc.

Some receive the facramcnt as a means to procure

great graces and bleflings, others as an euchariji an4

an office of thanklgivisg for what they have received.

TayUr.
EuCHARi'stICAL. itdj. \1tom eachaiiji.y

1. Containing afts of thankfgiving.

The latter fart w.is eucbarijli.al, which began at
the breaking and blclfrngof the bread. Bro'u-H,

It would not be amil's to put it into the eueia-
rijllcal finoi our da liy devotions: we praife thee,
OGod, for our limbs and fenfes. Ray.

2. Relating to the facrament of the fupper
of the Lord.

Eucho'logy. «./. [i;(;«A*)'(«r,] A formu-
lary' of prayers.

Eu'cRAsY. »./. [i»x{««-(«.] An agreeable
well proportioned mixttire of qualities,
wliereby a body is faid to be in a good

(jiiucy.

Eve. "1 n.f. [a;pen, Saxon; avend, or
E'vEN. J atroad, Dutch.]

ftate of health.
Eve.

I. The clofe of the day; the latter part of
the day ; the interval between bright light
and darknefs.

They, like fo many Alexanders
Have in thcfe parts from morn 'dWcven fought.
And Iheath'd their fwords for lack of argument.

Shakefp.

When the fun's orb both et'M and morn is bright,^
ThenT*t no fear of llorms thy mind affiight. May.

Such lights as youthful poets dream
On Summer eves by haunted ftream. Miltott.

O, nightingale, that on yon bloomy fpray
Warblelt at eve, when all the woods aic Itill.

Milton,

Th' unerring fun by certain figns declares.
What the late rv'«,or early morn prepares. Diydctt.

Winter, oft^at eve, lefumes the breczr,
Chills the pjle''morn. Ihcmjsn'i Spring.

z. The vigil c^ fail to be obferved before
an holiday, w this fenfe only.^fT;^ is ufed,
not e-i-eii. \

Let the immediate preceding day be kept as the
<"iw to this great le aft. Ltppa's Rule to Devotion.

E'vEN. adj. [epen,' Saxon; «;cw, Dutchj

iTjuus, Latin.]
1. Level; not ragged; not unequal; fmooth
as oppofed to rough.

To Ice a beggar's brat in fiches flow.

Adds not a wrinkle to my even brow. Dryden,

Th* prefcnt face of R>me is much man even and

level (&ai>it was formerly. Addijon on Italy.

The fuperticits of fuch plates are not even,

but have «>ny «avitics and fwellings, which, how

" '•^~' ' thallow

EVE

ftillow foever, do a little vary the thlcknefs of the
pl'Tle. Neivton't Of ticks.

t. Uniform ; equal to "tfelf.

Lay the rough paths of peevilh nature ev*nj
And open in each heart a little heav'n, Pihr.

3. Level with ; parallel to.

Thattlie net may \xevtii to the midft of the altar.

Exod
And (hall lay thee even with the ground.

Luke, xlx. 44.

4.. Not having inclination any way ; nor
leaning to any fide.
He was

A noble fervant to them ; but he could not

Carr>- his honours even, SbaluJ'ptare's Cor'iolanus.

5. Not having any part higher or lower
than the other.

When Alexander deounded of one what was the
litteft feat of bis empire, he laid a dry hide before
him, and dclircd him to fet his foot on one fide
thereof; which being done, all the other parts of
the hide did rife up ; but when hedid fet his foot in
the middle, all the other parts lay flat and even.

lyavies.

C Equal on both fides ; fair; not favouring
either.

Upheld by me, yet once more he Ihall (land
On t^ifn ground againft his mortal foe. Milton.

7. Without any thing owed, either good or
ill ; out of debt.

We reckon with your feveral loves,
And make us iven with you ;
Henceforth be earls. Shairfff^e'i Mach'.h.

I will be tvfn niih thee, doubt it not. Shake/.
I do confefs
The blind lad's pow'r, white he inhabits there ;
But I 'be n 'n with hrm neverthelefs. Suckling.

In taking revenge, a man is but ncn with his
enemy, but in palling it over, he is fuperior.

Bacon's Effyis.

Evn reckoning makes lafting friends ; and the
way to make reckonings even is tamake them often.

S&utb.

The publick it always eitm with an authour who
has not a juft deference for them : the contempt
U reciprocal. Addijcn.

The true reafon of this fttange doflrine was to be
«VM with the magiilrate, who was ag.iinft them ;
and they relblved at any rate to be againii him.

Alterkury.

8. Calm ; not fubjedt to elevation or de-
prcffion ; not uncertain.

Defirts compos'd, aft'eftions ever tv'n.
Tears that deliglit, and fighs that waft to heav'n.

¥cpe.

9. Capable to be divided into equal parts ;
not odd.

Let him tell me whether the number of the ftars be
men or odd. T.tyl<.r's Rule of living hcly.

What verity there is in that numeral conceit in
the lateral divifion of man by«/i?H and odd, afcribiiig
the odd unto the right lide, and men unto the left.
Hr'^tvn's yulgar Errcurs.

To Even. -v. a. [from the noun.j

1. To make even.

2. To make out of debt; to pat in aflate in'
which either good or ill is fully repaid.

Nothing can, or (hall content my fou!,
'Til! I am rvemJ nith him wife for wife. Sbukef.

3. To level ; to make level.

This temple Xerxes eiened uiththefoil, which
Alexander i« fait to have repaired. Ral,igh.

Beat, roll, and mow cSrpei-walks and camomile-;
fcf now the ground is fupfle, and it will cuen all
ine^ua'itRs. Ewlyn.

To Even. -v. a. To be- equal to. Now
difufcd.

A like (Irangeobfervaiion t.nketh place here 35 at
Sicnehenge, that a redcubkd numbering never
n'lneib with the firft. Carrw.

E'viK. adi:. [often contrafted to W'/».]
t, Awordof" -- -•' • n; verily.

Svenioin: ' 'le coaftj, f/'f ///ir.

EVE

.Eww to Cato's wi(h ; not fierce, and terrlMe
Only in (trokes. Shakefpeare' s MjcLelh,

Dang'rous rocks,
Which, touching but my gentle vclTel'i fide.
Would fcattcr all the fpices on the ftream.
And, in a word, yea even now worth this,
And now worth nothing. Sbak,/.

It is not much that the good man ventures ; after
this life, if there be no God, he is as-well as the
bad ; but if there be a God, is infinitely better, nten
as much as unfpeakable and eternal happinefs is bet
ter than extreme and endlefs mifery. Tillcifon.

He miglit even as well have employed his time, as
fomc princes have done, in catching moles. Alter.

2. Notwithftanding ; though it was fo that.

All I can fay for thofe palfages is, tliat 1 knew
they were bad enough to plcafe even when I wrote
them. _ DrydcK.

3. Likewife ; not only fo, but alfo.
The motions of all the lights of heaven might

afford meafurcs of time, if we could number them ;
but moft of thofe motions are not evident, and the
great lights are fufScient, and ferve alfo to meafure
even the motions of thofe others. Holder.

Here all their rage, and ev'n their murmurs ceafe.
And facted filence reigns, and univerfal peace. Pope:

4. So much as.

Books give the fame turn to «ur thoughts that
company does to our converfation, without h>ading
our memories, or making us even (cnlible of the
change. Svjifi.

5. A word of exaggeration in which a fe-
cret comparifon is implied ; as, even the
great, that is, the great like the mean.

Nor death itfclf can wholly wa(h your (lams.
But long couuaded filth ev'n in the foul remains.

Dryden,
I have made feveral difcoveries which appear new,
even to thofe who are verfed in critical learning.

Addijon's Speaaior,

6. A term of conceflion.

Since you refined the notion, and corrcfted the
malignity, 1 (hall e'en let it paft. Collier.

Evenha'nded. adj. \e^'tn and hand.]
impartial ; equitable.

Evenbanded \M^\zt
Returns th' ingredients ot our poifon'd chalice
To our own lips. Sbakeffeare' s Macbetb.

E'vENiNG. n. /. [zepen, Saxon; amend,
Dutch.] The clofe of the day ; the be-
ginning of night.

1 (hall fall
Like a bright exhalation in the evening.
And no man fee me more. Siakr/f. H^nry VIII.

The devil is now more laborious than ever, the long
day of mankind drawing towards an evening, and the
world's tragedy and time near at an end. Raleigb.

Mean time the fun defcended from theflcics.
And the bright evening ftar began to rife. Dryden.

It was the fjcred rule among the Pythagoreans,
that tliey (hould tvtry evening thrice run over the
aitions and affairs of the day. H'atis on the Mind,
E'vENLV. adj. [itom e-ven.']
1 . Equally ; uniformly; in an equipoife.

In an infinite chaos nothing could be formed ; no
particles could convene by mutual attraftion ; for
every one there muft have infinite matter around it,
and therefore muft reft for ever, being evenly ba-
lanced between infinite attradfions. Btntley.

2. Levelly; without afperities.

A paliih cicarntf!, evenly and fmoothly fpread ;
not overthiu and walhy, but of a pretty folid cou-
fiilence. _ IVolton.

3. Without inclination to either fide ; in a
pofture parallel to the horizon ; hori-
zontally.

The upper face of the fea is known to be level by
nature, and tvenly^\^2.nl from the centre, and waxes
deeper and deeper the farther one failcth from the
"•ore. lirerelu<.i,d.

4. impartially; without favour or enmity.

You ferve a great and gracious mailer, and llicrc
is a mr<il hopelul young prince : it behoves you to
tarry y<nirfc)l wifcly »n4 evenly between them both.
Macon's A4vi(t to I'illitii,

EVE

EVenjjess. »./. [fromfiw.]

1 . State of being even.

2. Uniformity; regularity.

The ether moft leadily yicldeth to the revolution!
of the cclertial bodies, and the making them with
that evennefs and celerity is requifite in them all.

Grevj's Cofmologia Sacra,

3. Equality of furface ; equal refpeft.

4. Freedom from inclination to cither fide.

A crooked (tick is not llraitned, unlefs it be bent
as far on the clear contrary fide, that fo it may fettle
itfelf a; the length in a middle (late of evennefs be-
tween both. Hooker.

5. Impartiality; equ.nl rcfpet't.

6. Calmnefs; freedom from perturbation.

Though he appeared to reliili thefe bleffings as
much as any mnn, yet he bore the lofs of them,
when it happened, with great compofure and eira-.
nr/s of mind. Aiteriury.

E'vENSoNC. «./. [e^jen and feme.].

I. 1 he form of worfliip ufed in the evening,.

Thee, 'chantrcfs of the woods among,
I woo to hear thy cvenfohg. Milton.

If a man were but of a day's life, it is well if he
lafts 'till evenfong, and then fays his complinj an
hour bcfoie the lime. Taylor..

«. I he evening; the clofe of the day.

He tun'd his notes both evenfong and morn.

Diyden.

Eventi'de. »./. fw^and/zV/f.] The time
of evening,

A fwarrn of gnats at eventide.
Out of the fens of Allan do arifc.
Their murmuring fmall trumpets founding wide.

Fairy ^teen..
Ifaac went out to meditate at the eventide.

Gen. xxiv. 67.

EVE'NT. »./ [c'venitts, Latin.]
I. An incident; anything that happens,,
good or bad.

There is one event to the righteous and to tlie

wicked Eecl.

Oh heavy times, begetting fitch events ! Sbakejfi.

I. The confequcnce of an adion ; the con-^
clufion ; the upfhot.

Two fpears from Mele.iger's hand were fent,
With cqu^il force but vutlous in \\\' event'.
The firit was fix'd in earth, the (ccond (lood
On the boar's brif.led back, and deeply dr.mk hia
blood. Dryd..

To Eve'nterate. i>. (7. \eventen, Latin.]-

To rip up; to open by ripping the belly..

In a bear, which the hunters evtnteratid, or

opened, I beheld the young ones, with all llieir parts

dirtiiiiS. bro^vn..

Eve'ntful. adj. \ementmd full.] Full.

of incidents ; full of changes of fortune.

Laft fccne of all.
That ends this ftrange eventful hiftory.
Is fecoiid childithnefs. Shakeff. As you like it.

To Eve'ntilate. v.n. [eventilo, La.i\n.'\

1. To winnow; to fift out.

2. To examine; to difcufs. Z>/A.

Eve'ntuai,. adj. [irome-vent.] Happen-
ing in confequence of any thing ; confe-
quential.

Eve'ntuai.lv.. i?;/-!;. [from <~i'<'/r/j/fl/.] Im
the event ; in the laft refult ; in the con-
fequence.

Hermione has but intentionally, r\ot eventually,. .
difobliged you ; and hath made your flainc a butcc
return, by reltoring you your own heart.. Boyle..

E'vKR. adi'. [xppe, Saxon.]
I. At any time.

Men know by this time, if ever ihey will know,,
whether it be good or evil vvhich hath been lb long,
retained. Hooker..

If thou haft that, which I have greater realWn tn.
believe now than ever, 1 mean valour, this might
(hew it. Sb.sktffcan..

You ferve a m der who it as free from the envy of
fliuila. ■■i.if.iti any king WM. Uucun..

EVE

So few tnafl<lions dtfcrve praife, thit ! fttrcc
rtvr faw any whicli Jcl'cn'cd pardun, Dcuham,

The molt Tenfuil man thji mer was in the world
never felt fo delicious a pie ifure as a clear confcience.

Tillotfin.

By repeating any idea of any length of time, as ol a
minute, a year, or an age, as often as we will in our
own thoughts, and adding lliem toone another, with-
out evfr coming to the end of fuch addition, we
come by the idea of eternity. l/)ch.

2. At all times; always; without end.

Cod hath had ever^ and ever Ihall have, feme
church vifible upon the earth. Hr>oker.

I fee things may ferve long, but not ferve ever.

Sbakrfpfare.

Riches endtefs is as poor as Winter,
To him that ever fears he (hall be poor, Shak/fp.

Blinded greatnefs, ever in turmoil.
Still feelcing happy life, makes life a toil. Darnel.

There under ebon Ihades, and low-brow 'd rocks.
In dark Cimmerian defart ever dwell. Milton.

The inclinations of the people mud ever have a
- great influence. Temfle.

He fhall.i'fi- love, and always be
Tlie- fubjeft of my fcorn and cruelty. Dryd'en.

Mankind is ever the fame, and nothing loft out of
nature, though every thing is altered. Dryden.

Ever fince that time L^fander has been at the
houfe. ^atler.

Immortal Vida! on whofe honour'd brow
The poets bays and critick's ivy grow,
Cremona now (hall ever boaft thy name,
As next in place to Mantua, next in fame. Tope,

3. For ever. Eternally ; to perpetuity.

Men are like a company of poor infcils, whereof
fome are bees, delighted with flowers and their
fweetnefs; others beetles, dcHghted with other kinds
of viands; which, having ejijoycd for a feafon, they
(eafe to be, and exitt no moreJOi- ever. Locke.

We'll to the lerople : there you'll find your fon ;
And there becrown'd, or give him up for ever.

A. PtUHps.
i|. It is fometimes reduplicated.

J*'or ever jindjor eter, hKwcU-, Caflius. Shake/.

I know a lord, who values no leafe, though for a
thoufand years, nor any eftate that is not Jor ever
and ever, Temple,

The meeting points the fatal lock diiTever
From the fair headier rver undjor ever. Pope.

J. At one time, as e^vr and anon ; that is,
at one tinie and another ; now and then.

So long as Guyonwiih her communed,
■Unto the ground (he caft her modcd eye ;

And ever and anon, with rofy red,
The baihful blood her fnowy cheeks did dye.

F.iiiy ^uee/r.
The fat one's would be ever and anon, making
ffort with the lean, and calling them (tarveliiigs.

L'E^rtiKgc,
.He lay (Iretch'd along.
And ever and anon a iilent tear
Stole down and trickled from his hoary beard. DrjJ.

6. In any degree.

Let no man fear that harmful creature ever the
lefs, bccaufc he fees the apolUe fafe from that
poifon. Hall.

For a mine undifcovered, neither the owner cf the
ground or any body elle are ever the richer. CnUier.

It luffices to the unity of any idea, that it be con-

- fidered as one reprefcnlation or pi^urc, though made

up ol ever fo many particulars. Locke.

There muft be fomewhere fuch a rank as man:
And all the queftion, wrangle e'er fo long,
I1 only this. It God has plac'd him wrong .' Pope.

•J. A word of enforcement, or aggravation,
jtfj /ocn as ever he had done it ; that is,
immediately after he had done it. In
this fenfc it is fcarcely ufed but in fa-
miliar language.

That ever this fellow (hould have fewer words
than a parrot, and yet the fon ol a woman. Sbaktf.

They brake all their hones in pieces, or tver they
came at the bottom of the den. Dun, iv, z.^.

That purfc in your hand, has a twin-broiher, is as
like him asfT'frhe can look. Dryden' tSpanifli fry.

As >oou me'er the bird is dcaif^

EVE

opening again, he lays his claim
To hall the profit half the fame. Prior.

The title of duke had been -funk in the family
ever, fince the attainder of the great Duke of Suf-
folk. Addifon on Italy.

8. EvFR A. Any: \i.%every, that is, even
ich or ever each is each one, all.] This
word is ftill retained in the Scottilh dia-
led.

I am old, I am old.
—I love thee better than llove^'ri- a ("curvy young
boy of them all. Shakejpear't Henry IV

9. It is often contrafted into e'er.

10. It is much ufed in compofition in the
fenfe of always : as, e^^ergreeii, green
throughout the year; eterduring, endur-
ing without end. It is added almoft ar-
bitrarily to neutral participles and adjec-
tives, and will be fufficiently explained by
the following inftances :

EveRbu'bbling. adj. [e'verani Bubbling.]
Boiling Up with perpetual murmers.
Panting murmurs, ftiU'd out of her breafl-.
That e'verbubbltng fpring. Crajhav/.

Everbu'rning, adj. [ever and burning.']
Unextinguiflied.

His tail wJs ftretched out in wond'rous length,
That to the houfe of heavenly gods it raught ;

And with eiitorted power and borrow'd ftrength,
The everburning lamps from thence it brought.

Spenfer.
Torture without end
Still ui^es, and a fiery deluge, fed
With eierburniftg fulphur unconfum'd ! Milton.
Everdu'ring. adj. [e'ver and during.]
Eternal ; enduring without end.

Our fouls, piercing through the impurity of flefh,
behold the higheft heavens, and thence bring know-
ledge to contemplate {he everduring glory and term-
lefs joy. Raleigh.

.Heav'n open'd wide
Her everduritjg gates, harmonious found I
On golden hinges moving. Milten's Paradife Loji.
Evercre'en. «i^'. {ever inii^ green,] Ver-
dant throughout the year.

There will 1 build him
A monument, and plant it round with (hade
-Ot laurel, evergreen, and branching palm. Milton.
The juice, when in greater plenty than can be
exhaled by the fun, renders the plant evergreen

Arbuthnot on Aliments.

E'vERGREEN. »./. A plant that retains its
verdure through all the feafons.

Some of the hardieft evergreens ma;> be tranf-
planted, efpecially if the weather be moill and tem-
perate. Evelyn.

1 find you are againft filling an Englilh garden
with evergreens. Addi/on's Speliater.

Ev ERHONOURED. ad/, [ever and honoured. ]
Always held in honour or efteem.

Mcntcsan everhonour'd name, of old
High in UlylTcs' focial lift enroU'd. Pi-fe's Odyffey.
Everla'sting. adj. [ever znA lajiing.]
i. Lading or enduring without end; per-
petual ; immortal ; eternal.

Whether v^e ft).ill meet again, I know not;
Therefore our everlafting farewell take :
For ever, and for ever, tarcwcll, C'alBus. Shake/.

The everlajiing lite, both of body and Ibul, in that
future ftate, »vhether in blifs or woe, hath been
added. Hammond,

And what a trifle is a moment's breath.
Laid in the fcalc with everla/ling death ! Denbam.

2. It is ufed of pad as well as future eterni-
ty, though not fo properly.

Everla'sting. n. /. Paternity; eternal
duration whether ^jaft or future.

From ever/a/iing to everla/ling thou art God.

Pfalm xc. 2.

We are in God through the knowledge which is
had of us, and the love wiiich is borne towards us,
trott cvirlajiing, linker. ,

E V E

Everi.a'stINOIV. adv. [from evtrlafiirig.1
Eternally ; without end.

I'W hAic Wim everla/lifTglyt
That bids me be of comfort any more. Sbake/h.

Many have made themfelves everla/tingly ridicu-
lous. Svii/i,
Everlastingness. n, /, [dom everlafi^
ing.] Eternity; perpetuity; an indefinite
duration.

Nothing could make me fooncr to confeft,
That this world had an everla/iingne/s, '

Than to confider that a year is run
Since both this lower world's and the fun'i fun.
Did fet. Donne.

EvERLi'viNC. (7(//. [ever ■i.Ti^ living.] Liv-
ing without end ; immortal; eternal ; vai»
ceflant.

Is notfrom hence the way, that leadeth right
To that mod glorious houfe, that glift'reth bright
With burning liars and everliving^actA I Fairy ^.
In that he is man, he received life from the Fa«
ther, as from the fountain of that evej-living Deity.

Hooker.
God's juftice in the one, and his goodnefs in the
other, is exercifed for evermore, as the ever/iving
fubjedls of his reward and puniftiment. Raleigh.

The inftindl of brutes and iiifefts can be the cfift
of nothing elfe than the wifdom and (kill of a power-
ful everliving agent. Nevttai,
Evermo're. adv. [ever and ?nore.] Always;
eternally. More feems an expletive acci-
dentally added, unlefs it lignified origi-
nally yrsw this time : as, evermore, alviiyt,
henceforward ; but this fenfe has not been
ftriftly preferved.

It govern 'd was, and guided evermore,
7"hrough wifdom of a matron grave and hoare.

Fairy ^epi.
Sparks by nature evermore afpire,
Wliich makes them now to fuch a highnefs flee.

Davies*

Religion prefers thofc pleafures which flow froiA

the preience of God for evermore , infinitely before

the tranfilory pleafures of this world, billot/on,

Evero'pen. adj. [ever Anii open.] Never
clofed ; not at any time fhut.

God is the great eye of the world, always watch-
ing over our afiions, and has an everopen ear to all
our words. Taylor,

Everplea'sing. adj. [ever ■z.vA fieaftng.'\
Delighting at all times; never ceafing to
give pleafure.

The everpleafing Pamela was content to urge a
little farther for me.

Sidneyi

Forfaking Sheria's everpleafng (hore,
The winds to Marathon the virgin bore. Pope*

To Eve'rsf. v. a. [everjus, Latin.] To
overthrow; to.fubvert; todeftroy. Wot
ufed.

The foundation of this principle is totally etvr/ri/
by the ingenious commentator upon ioHnaterial be-
ings. Gianville,

•Ta Evert. -u. a. [everto, Latin.] Tode-
ftroy ; to overthrow.

A procefs is valid, if the jurifdidlion of the judge

is not yet everted AViA overthrown. Ayliffe.

EvERW ATCHFUL. adj. [ever 3Bd ivatchfiil.]

Always vigilant.

Plac'd at the helm he fat, and mark'd the (kies.

Nor clos'd in (Iccp his evertvatch/ul eyes. ' Pope*

E'vERY. adj. in old language f^fne/J', that

is ever each; spep ealc, Saxon.]
I. Each one of all. Everj has therefore no
plural fignification.

He propoled unto God their neceflities, and they
their own rcquclts lor relief in every ot ihcm.
All the congregation are holy, every one of them.

Num. xvi.

The King madethis ordonnance, that every twelve

years ibcre iiwuld be (cut forth two ihips. Bacon.

The

E V I

The Tirhie »nd force of cvirj of (fiefe three Is
"'"*.^ly ^'ay=«l- Hummond's Fundamtnlah.

Ariftotle h.islong fince obliivcd, how unreafon-
»We tt 1$ to eipeft the b. e kind of proof for rvery
thing, which we have for fome things. Tilloifon.

Every OM, that has an idea of a foot, finds that
he can repeat that idea, and, joining it to the former,
make the idea of two feet. Locke.

From pole to pole the thunder roan aloud.
And broken lightnings flaih from^x.'>j,cIoud. Pope.

X. EvERy.wHERE. In all places; in each
place.

The fubftancelof thebodyofChrift wasnot i-uery.
vbere feen, nor did it e'jery:^viere fuffer death •

■ - nery.tcBere it could not be enl»mbed : it is not

■ n,ery.-u,bere now, bei ng eial ted i nto heaven. H^ier.

Ill (end myfon abroad, how is it poflible to Icccp
mm Irom vim, which is every.iuiire fo in fafliioa ?

'Tisno-wheretobcfound, orroiry-tuirrf Pc/.e
*^yi*:roVi^c.<7jj. [e^er and jo»vg.] Noi
fubjeft to old age, or decaying : unde-
caying.

Joys everysung, unmix'd with pain or fear,
1-iU Ihewidecirdeof th-eternal year. Pope's Ody/T.
fivESDRoFPER. „. /. {e^e, vitiA Jrotpef.]
Some mean fellow that flculks about a
houfe in the night to liften.

What makes you liftening tliere ? Get farther off-
I preach not to thee, Uiou wicked evcfdropper.
rt,v f . , Oryden'iSpariJhfryar

TV /■*.,",'' *""f •'"""'•"g yoxr funflion it is to

E V I

, , c .y- ■■, r "-••■"'"'"S your lunction it is to

be difgutfed like a Have, and an e^-rfdrofper, under
the woman's windows. Drydm; £,„. Sekaji

C»EVE',TICATE. ^.a. \e^-,pgo, Lat.J To
fearch out. jy^ei

fuGH n.f. [This word is fo writteT by'
moft writers ; but fince the original ip,
Saxon, or WelOi^ru;*, more favours the
caller orthography oijnv, I have referred
iKhither.j A tree.

At the firft Ilretch of both his h.indj he drew.
And almoftjoin'd the horn* of the lough eug,b.

•r.Evi'CT. ..a. r..v>«, LatSf ■'^•

1. JlodifpolTefs of by a judicial courfe, .

•t iheir pofTeffiin, and therefore thcv held it the beft
policy toca,Uffthe yoke of-Esglilh law. •
« T" . I I » Davits on IreUxd.

Z, i.0 take away by fcntence of law.

His land, were eviaed from him. K. -fame',

3. To prove; to evince. Little ufetL

livJ.nirjT'l,''''!- ^r' """ ^'" (lif^vered in
Zm -^Vll'^'"^"- however affirtcd; nor ita

neceffity ev.Sled by any cogent experiment. Ciey^e

Eviction. »./. [from ^wV?.]

1. Difpoffeflion or deprivation by a defini-
tive fentence of a court of judicature.

If any of the parties be laid afleep under pretence
lltnZ ' '"'' "",""'" P"'Ho,hcau,ioufty

r.v.7.o«ordirpo(rdlioil. " g^^.^^

2. Proof; evidence; certain teftimony.' '

E'VipENCE.1./. [French.] ^'^"^'•

indubitable certainty; notoriety.
2. Jellimony; proof.

la'ruch^ delivered .he ruide^re of the purchafe unto

Baruch.

Unreafonable it is .0 eipcS the fame kind of IZlt

■ oi7. " '" '"^ "''"^' *'"-•'' - have for 'Cc

Caro major, who hid borne all ,he ^reaT'X'

h« lett u, an rvUeree, urfd-r Im o^/", nd ho "'

much he was »erled in country affairs. UcTe

1I-y bear n,ide.c. V> ^ )^A«, -^ ^^J'^^

Chrillianlty, the truth of which hiftory was their
motive to embrace Chriftianity. Mdifm

3. Witnefs; one that gives evidence. In
this fenfe it is fometimes plural ; as, the
evidence -Mre fworn: but fometimes re-
gularly augmented, as eviJevces.

To fwear he faw three inches through a door.
As Afiatick cvidrxm Avore. Dryden's Juvenal.

1 here are books extant, which they mull needs
allowof as proper fW.-«,; even the might>- vo-
lumes of vifible natwe, and the everlafting tables of
'fr"^""- Bemley.

/« tiViDENCE. -F. a. [from the noun.]
I. To prove ; to evince.

.„ T"" !''"■'""'""'* >« ^'W.we./bjrgood »eftImonies

to have been bred in Ireland. Temple

If they be principles evident of themfelves, thev

ceed nothing to evidence them. Tilktr^L

m^h t be evidenced from texis. Ti.'/okn

•2. lo fhew ; to mnke difcovery of

Thou on earth had'il profper'd. which thv looks
Now alfo n,-ience. Mi/„n; p.,rjij, l,a

Although the fame truths be elicited and expli-
cated by the contemplation of animals, yet they are
more cleariy«„^«„^ i„ ,h, contemplation of man,
!?/„.„ ,. -„ f^"^''' Origin of Mankind.

E V I D E NT. ^<7^. [French. J Plain ; appa-
rent; notorious.

It is<^,^,7Tr, in the general frame of nature, that
things moft maniteft unto lenfe h..ve proved obfcure
unN, the underftanding. BroJnS V^h e"

neiThbi'.r '"v''?'''' "fl^^kingconquells iipJn their

c:::fHturn.. ""' " "-"'"" "• ^" '"« ■'■■i^'--

Children minded not what was faid, whenirtas
«"</<■« to U,em that no attention was fufficient.

E'viDBNTLr. ay*, [from «„V.»/.] Awi
rcntly; certainly; undeniably.

Laying their eggs, they evidently prove
The genial pow'r and full eftids of love Prior

Xr2\Z ^T''^ ''"''•"' ''"'" " ''" «■''■•'* <■"« of b'-'

iHeX?li r"""' " " ""■''""!> h-is the moit
eitenli»e ill confeqiiencei. p

E Vn.._aJj [y^t\, Saxon ;.,«W, Dutch. T
I. Having bad qualities of any kind ; not
good.
He hath brought up .n.«/i/,ume u^n a virtio.

that he heth, he (hall rif. up „. more. Pjaln,s.

he good tig's very good, and the evil very evil,

2. Wicked; bad; corrupt.
. Is thine eye evil, becaufc I am jood } Malih
youTh! ""•^"'"'°" "'■ °""'' '•"« is 'vil from hi^

3. Unhappy ; mifcrable ; calamitous.
And the officers did fee that they were in eviluh.

All the day. of the amirted arc r-.ll. pf",'fZ

4. -Mifchiev^pus; dcrtruftive; ravenoul
him." "'' • ""' *" W/beafthath devoured

^'""u'-' "'f £2<'""'J'y contraOcd to ilL]"'

1. WicKednefs; a crimt-.

Of I, a u „ '^°' '" 'he jfgioni

I't horrid hell can come a devil nvortdamnM

In „■,/, to top Ma _be,h ! Uak.;,.earc' , Macbeth.

2. Injury; oiifchief. '

parl'd'ot hIsTot' '"'■'''" ^~''' •^'^%" "-"^/-

E V I

- ndV be r. 'hZ:- '"' ""'' """■'* 'n-"-/

3. Malignity; corrvption

The heart of the fonsof men is full of«v7. FccleC
4. Misfortune; cahmity.

Shjjl we receive gopd at thehandof Cod, ,ind
Inall we not receive tiiV? y ,

biafeil!'"^'" ""^ '""'"''' '""^ ""'''' "^ h^:

If we will ftand boggling at ini.iginary tvili. Ie

us, never blame a horfe for ftarting at a Ihadow. «

p •; • 1 L' EJirangt,

.'"'' " »hat is apt to produce or increafe any

pain, or diminifh any pleafure in us ; or clfe to pro.

T^ ".' ',"^ ""''• "'■ '''^P"" "^ of ■•'"y good- ■^"'■'f'^-
5. Malady ; dlfeafe : as, the kine's e^nl.
Whafs the difeafe he means ?
— I IS call'd the evil. Shakefpeare's Macbeth.

E viL. ad'v. [commonly contrafted to »//.]
I . Not well in whatever refpecl.

Ah, froward Clarence, evil it befeems thee,
lo flatter Henry, and forfake thy brother I Shak.

z. Not well; not virtuoully; not inno-
ccntly.

If I have fpoken evil, bear witnefs of the evil;
but if well, why fmighteft thou me ? John, xviii. 2z.

3. Not well ; not happilv; not fortunately.
It went <-!.// with his houfe. Deul vii. it.

4. Injurioufly; not kindly.
The Egyptians evU entreated us, and afSifleJ us.

?• J' 's often ufcd in compofidon to give a
bad meaning to a word ; but in this, as
m all other cafes, it is in the modern
dialed generally contraaed to ///.
EviLAFPt'cTED. adj. {e'vil and affeaed.\
Not kind ; not difpoled to kindnefs.

The unbelieving jews Ifirred up the Gentiles, an*
made their minds evilajfeilcd againft the brethren.

tviLDo'ER. »./. [rvil znA doer.] Malefac-
tor; one that commits crimes.

VVhereas ihey fpeak evil againft you as evildoer,,

they may by your good works .lorifv God. Peter.

Evilfa'voured. adj. [^..,7 and >T.^«n 1

ill countenanced ; having no good afpeft.

. Mach,a«l well noteth, though in an evilfalomei

r".?r,".'K " \ "" ""'^'"S '" 'he force of nature,

except It be corroborated by culbm. bacon- i Eirays.

EVILFAVOURPDNESS. ;,. /. [from W-

Javoured.] Deformity.

Thou Ihalt not facrifice unto the Lord any bullock,
or flieep, wherein is blemilh, or any evil/avowed.

^'^'i-/-^- '7'^'- [from rt;,/.] Not well,
nr .,'l"^*' ^°''"'^^y '""■n, Ihall cool the hearts
Ut all hi, people, and freeze up their zeal. Shaken,.

EviLMiNDED «^-. [^x.y/and«/W.] Ma-
licious ■ mifchicvous ; malignant ; wick-
ed ; infidious.

But moft Ihe fcat'd, that travelling fo late.
Some eie: minded beafts might lie in wait.
And, wiihout witnefs, wreak their hidden hale.

E'y.,.NEs.. „.f [fro^ ,.,,./ 1 Contf^lT;
to goodnefs ; badnefs of whatever kind.

\he mora gooJncf. and coi.?ruity, or evilnef,

unfitnef, ,nd unfeafon.bienef, of moral or naTuf i

ailioos, falls not within the verge of a bnital faculty.

€•„,,.„.., '^'''''^ ^'''t'" of Mankind.

Evii.3pe'ak,nc. n.f. [«.//and^.„to^.J
Zander; defamation; calumny; cenfo-
rioufnefs.

Wherefore laying afide all malice and all guile,
and hypocrilies and envies, and .11 evilfpeaking,

Evii.wt'sHiNc.<7^-, fw7and,t.;^..] Wi(h-
mg evil to ; having no good will.

rhey heard of this fuddeii going out. in a coun
try full of evilu.iy7sing minds towards him I'Zy

who does wickednefs. J ^»«

Beware of dogs, beware of evil-ivorkers. fH/

7-« EVINCE. ^. a. [en,i„co, l^tin.] To
prove; tolhew; to manifeft ; to make
evident.

. Douht not but that fin
Will reign amoug Uiem w of Uiee begot }

E VO

And thcierort was l.iw given thjm to nlgf*
Their naturil piavtty. Miiion't Paradift Lefl.

That religion, tcuchin; a future ftatc at foult, is
a probability ; and tlut its contrary catiaot, with
equal pcobabilitv, be provcdf we \\v>ievinc<d,SiiMtb,^
' The greater abiurjitics are, tlic more llrongly they
evince the tallity ot' that fuppofitioa from whence
they flow. Atlrr,

Evi'ncible. ai^'. [Jtom e-jinct.1 Capable
of proof; demonrtrable.

Implanted lntlia£ts in brutes are ia themfi^lve;
liishly rcafonable and ufelul to their eiiJ?, and
rvineiiic by true reafon to be fuch. Halt.

Evi'ncibly. adv. [from ruincibleJ] In
fuch a manner as to force cionviflton.

7ff E'viRATE. I,-. «. ^ e-^rirasiis , hi.iin.'] To
deprive of manhood ; to emafculate.

To Rvi'scERAri, t.\ a. [fvi/cen, Latin.]
To embowel ; to draw ; to deprive of
the entrails; to fearch within the entrails.

E'viTABLE. (7:?^. [ez-itahilir, Latin.] Avoid-
able ; that may be efcapcd ot fliunned.

Of divers things evil, all being sot tvUahic, wc
take one ; which one, faving only in cafe of fo great
urgency, were not otherwife to be taken. Hooker,

^oYJWlTATE.-v.a. {e'vito, Latin.] To
avoid ; to (hun ; to efcape.

Therein (he doth rvilale and (bun
A thoufand irreligious curfed hours.
Which forced marriage would have brought upon her,

Sibjkeffeare.

Evita'tion. a./, [from n-itate.] The ad
of avoiding.

In all bodies there is an appetite of union and
ruilalioxt of folutiuo of continuity, Bacort.

f,viTt'iitiAi..aJj. [^wV^rna/, Latin.] Eter-
nalin a limited fenfe; of duration not
infinitely but indefinitely long.

EviTE'RNiry. n./. [t£^iier»itas, low La-
tin.] Duration not infinitely, but indefi-
nitely long.

Eu'logy. n,/. [su and Aoyo®-.] Praife ;
encomium ; panegyrick.

Many brave young minds have oftentimes, through
hearing the praifes and famous euloglts of worthy
men, been ftitrcd up to alfeiit the like commenda-
tions. Sp€»fer on JreUnd.
If fome men's ap.ietites find more melody in dif-
cord, than in the harmony of the angelic quires ;
jet even thcfe fclJom mils to be affeOed with eulo.
■gUs given ihemfctves. Decay of Fitly,

E'UNUCH. »./. [ImnyJ^.} One that is
caftrated or emafculated.

He hath gelded the common wcaltk, and made
it an tunitcb. Shakefptart't Henry VI.

It hath been obferved by the ancients, that much
•f Venus doth dim the fight ; and yet eunuchs^
which are unable to ge.icrate, are nevcrthelefs alio
4imf^hted. Bacon't Nal. liiji.

So charm'd you were, you causM awhile to doat
On non(<:nfe gargPd in an tunuc-b's throat, yinton,

Ttf Eu'nbchate. f. a. To make an eu-
nuch.

It were an impolTible aft to tunuchatt or caftrate
Ihemfelvei. Hroiun's fuhar Errturt,

Evoca'tioh. u./. [e-vocaiio, Latin.] The
ii\ of calling out.

Would truth difpenfe, we could be ctmtent with
Mato, that knowledge were but remembrance, that
intclleftual acquifition were but tcminifccntial evo-
tailon. Brottin.

Inftead of a defcent into liell, it fccms rather a
(onjuring up, or an tmealion of the dead from bell.
Nolfs to OJiffey.

Evola'tiok. n f. \tveio, Latin,] The

aft of flying away.
Ti EVO'lVe. 1'. a. {evol-vo, Latin.] To
unfold ; to difentangle.

The animal foul f)oncr expands and c-jolvet itfelf

k its full orb and extent than the human foul. //.i/r.

This little active priacif Ic, u Uie bodj iB({Cilfc(b^

EUR

ani! dilateth, tvtivtib, diltufeih, and expainjetb, if
not hisfubftantial exiltcnce, yet his energy, //j/*.

To Evo'lvs. "j, a. To open itfelf; to dif-

clofe itfelf.

Ambniftal odours

Does round the air evo/vine fccnts diflufir.; .

The holy ground is wet with lieavjniy dews. Priori
Evolu'tion, »,/. [e-volutus, Latin.]
I. The aft of unrolling or unfolding.

The fpontaneous coagulation of the little faline

bodies was preceded by a!mal\ innumerable rvolu.

lions, which were fo v.\rious, that the little bodies

came toobvbrt to each other ihofe parts by which

they might be bcft fallencd together. . Bayle.

z. The feries of things unrolled or unfolded.

The whole evolution of ages, from everlalting to
everlafting, is fo collectedly and prefentitically reprc-
fented t* God at once, as if all things which ever
were, are, or fliall be, were 4t this very indant
really preient. Mori'iDivini Dialogues,

3. [In geometry.] The equable etiolation
of the periphery of a circle, or any other
curve, is fuch a gradual approach of the
circumference to reftitude, as that all its
parts do meet together, and equally
evolve or unbend ; fo that the fame line
becomes fucceffively a lefs arch of a re-
ciprocally greater circle, 'till at laft they
turn into a ftraight line. Harris,

4. [In tafticks.J The motion made by a
-' body of men in changing their pofture,

or form of drawing up. And thcfe e^-o-
lutions are doubling of ranks or files, coun-
ter-marches, and wheelings. Harris,

5. Evolu'tion. of Pcnuers. [In .ilgebra.J
Extrafting of roots from any given pow-
er, being the reverfeof involution. Harris.

Evomi'tion, n. f. [e-vomo, Latin.] The aft
of vomiting out. Diil.

Eu'patoRY. »./. [eiifatorium.} A plant.

Eufno'NiCAL. adj, iftom m/il/oa)-.] Sound-
ing agreeably. /J;V?.

EUTHONY. n.f. [ivpunx] An agreeable
found ; the contrary to harlTinefs.

Eufhu'rbium. »./.

1. A plant.

It Iiath flowers and fruit like the fpurge, and is
alfo full of an hot (harp milky juice. The plants
are angular, and (haped fomewhat lilce the ccreus
or torch-thilUe. It is commonly bcfet with fplncs,
and for the moll part hath no leaves. Miller.

2. A gum refin, brought to us always in
drops or grains, of a bright yellow, be-
tween a ftraw and a gold colour, and a
fmooth glofly furface. It has no great
fmell, but its talle is violently arcid and
naufeous. It is ufed medicinally in fina-
pifms. Hill.

Eu'pHRASY. ». /. [^^/&r<7/7«, Latin.] The
herb eyebright ; a plant fuppofed to clear
the fight.

Then purg'd with euphrafy, and rue.
The vifual nerve; for he had much to fee;
And from tlie well of life three drops iuftill'd.

Milton.
EuRo'cLYDoN. », f. [iVjoxAuJlwi'.] A wind
which blows between the Eaft and North,
and is very dangerous in the Mediterra-
nean. It is of the nature of a whirlwind,
which falls fuddenly on fliips, makes them
tack about, and fomctimes caufes them to
founder, as Pliny obferves, Calmet.

There arofc againd it a tcmpcduous wind called
euroilydon, Alfs, xxvii. 14.

EU'RUS. n.f. [Latin.] The Eail wind.

Eurui, as all oiher winds, mull be drawn with
blown cheeks, viiigs upon his Ihouldcrs, and his
Itody lUc coivU 01 the uwny mooo. £eecham.

E X A

E'i;)iyTHMY. n./. [i«»i/.V®'-] Harmony,

^ar and fymmetrical meafure,
EVTHJyj'SJ.i. 1 «./. |-|<-^<.<ri.] Anfafy

regular and fymmetrical meafure,
fHJ\J'SU.\»._ :"' ' "
EtJTHA.NA'sY. J death.

A recovery, in my cafe, and at my age, is im«
poflible : the kindelt wilb of my friends is mihu-
tiajia. Ariutlmoi,

Evu'lsion. n.f. [evttlfio, Latin.] The adl
of plucking out.

From a ftri£t enquiry we cannot maintain Hie
evuljion, or bitingoti' any parts. Brown' tl^u/g.Err^

Evulca'tion. »./. [fxa/^5,' Latin.] The
aft of divulging ; publicatioi). X)»V9.

Ewe. n.f. [eope, Saxon.] The Ihe-lhecp ;
the female to the ram.
Rams have more wreathed horns than erves, Baan,
Hade the facritice ;
Sev'n bullocks yet unyok'd for Phabus chufe ;
And for Diana fcven unfpotted fwri. Drydn'i Su.

E'WER. n. J. [from eau, perhaps anciently^
est, water.] A veffel in which water is
brought for wafhing the hands.

I dreamt of a (ilver ba(on and ewer to-night Sb»
Let one attend him with a lilvcr bafon

VuU of rofawater, and beHrew'd with flowers;

Another bear the evier ; a third a diaper ;

And fay, viil't pleafe your lordOiipcool your hand:.

khmktfptartt
The golden ener a maid obfecjuious brings ;

Replenilli'd from the cool, tranllucent fprings;

With copious water the bright vafc fupplies.

A (liver laver, of capacious lize :

They wafli. fope's OJyJfef.

E'wRY. n. f, [from Mfer.] An office in ;ke
king's houfliold, where they take cart of
the linen for the king's table, lay ' the
cloth, and ferve up water in filver e^en
after dinner. DiS,

Ex. A Latin prepofition often prefixed to
compounded words : fometiraes meaning
out, as exhaiiji, to draw out; fometimcs
only enforcing the meaning, and fome-
times prodiicing little alteniiion.

To EXACE'RBATE. -v. a. [cxncerbo. La-
fin.] To imbitter; to exafperate; tO'
heighten any malignant quality.

Exacerba'tiom. n.f. [from (.xacerbatcl

I. Encreafe of malignity ; augmented force
or feverity.

z. Height of a difeafe ; paroxyfm.

The patient may Urivc, by little and little, to

ovcicome the fymptom in cxu.tiiAtion; and fo, by

time, turn futfcting into nature. Bacon's Nut. Hijt..

Watchfulncfs and delirium, and exiicriution,

every other day. Arlutbnot on Diet..

Exacerva'i ION. n.f. [acervus, Latin.]

The .lit of heaping up. ZJ;V?»

EX'ACT. adj. [e.xaetiis, Latin.]

1. Nice; not failing; not devi.iting from
rule.

All this, rAT^^to rule, were brought about,
Were but in a combat in the iilh left out. Pofe.

2. Methodical ; not negligently performed.

What if you and I enquire how money matters
(land between us ? — With all my heart 1 love exalt
dealing ; and let Hocus audit. Artuib. "John. Bull.

3. Careful; not negligent : ofperfons.

Many gentlemen turn out of the feats of their an«
oeftors, to make way for fuch new matters as have
been mote rac.in in their accounts than thonfelvcs.

Speaator,

4. Honeft ; drift; punfluaL

In my doings 1 wasfjra.f7. Seclef. li. 19,

Ta Ex ACT. 11. a, \e.-i:igo, exaBiis, Latin,]
I . To require authoritatively..

Thou now exaEl'Ji the penalty.
Which is a pound of hij poor merchant's 9efh,

Sbahef..
Of A fcreigacf t)iOU taA>ft exaB it agaiu ; bu:

EX A

rtnJ wWcfi U thine with thy brother, iWn* kanJ
fliill rcleifc. •"«*'•

£«j/? af fcrvants to be faithW »nd dihgent.

r<y/»r.

From us his foes proiioimc'i glory he exaas.

Miilan.

The hand of fate is over us, and Heaven
ExdfiTj fefcrity from all our thoaghti, Addijon.

t. To demand of right.

Vcara of fervice paft.

From grateful fouls «>»,3 reward at laft, Dryien.

Where ihey defign a rccompence for benefits re-

ceivei, they are lefs folicitous to make it when it is

txaacJ. , Smalridg!.

|. To furamon; to enjoin; to enforce.
Txl us defcend now therefore from this top
Of CpecuUtion ; for the hour prccife
£xaHt our parting hence. Milun't Ptradlfc Lcfl.

Duty,
And juftiee to my father's foul, fxaS
This cruel piety. Dmhdm's Sophy.

To Exa'ct. i: ». To praftice extortion.

The enemy (hall not txnel upon him.

Pf. IXXX. 2J.

Exa'cter. »./. [from ^jra<9.]

1. Extortioner; one who claims tnorc than
his due, or claims his due with outrage
and fevcrity.

The poller and rxaBer 'of fees juftifJes the com-
■ mon relemblance of the courts of juTiiee to the bufli,
whereunto while the (heep flies for defence in
leather, he is fore to lofe part of the fleece.

Bacon'! Efjys.

I will alfo make thy officers peace, and ihine

fit<ifl(Tj righieoufnefs. _ //aijA, U. 17.

2. He that demands by authority.

Light and lewd perfons, efpecially that the txjfttr
of the oath did neither ofe eihorutioo, nor examin-
ing of them for taking thereof, were ealily fubonicd
ID make an affidavit for money. litcon.

5. One who i» fevere in hie injundlions or
' his demands,

N» men are prone to he greater tyrants, and more

'vigorous exjcJeri upon otlicrs, than fuch whofe pride

was f.wmefly leaft difpoTed to the obedience of lawful

conttitulions. KiirgChjrltt.

ITie grateful perfon being ftill the molt fevere

*Mn((-r ot himl'elt, not oijJyconfcfles, but proclaims

his debts. Scuih.

There is no way to deal with this man of reafon,

^itrigid txjcler of (Irirt demonlbation for things

• hich are not capable of it. lilUlfon.

Exa'ctios. w. /. [from exaaj]
ff. The aft of makmg an authoritative de-
mand, or levying by force.

If he Ihould breakhis dav, wliit fhould I gain
B; the . vjfl/i/i of llie forfeiture ? Shakr/ftare.

J. Extortion; unjaft demand.

They vent rcproaciics
Mod bitterly on you, for putter-on
Of tlicfe fxadhrit, Shjkeff. Henry VIII.

Remove violence and fpoil, and execute judgment
and juftiee; uke away ytnir txj&i-jnt from my
people. i:"*. xlv. 9.

As the firft earl did firfl raife the grcatntfs of
that houfc, by Irilh exallhni and opprellioni ; fo
Girald tlie Uit earl did at bit ruin it by the like
cxtorlioEis. Davits 's Statr of ireland,

3. A tribute feverely levied.

llicy have not made bridges over the river for

the convenience of their fubjeCls as well at llrangen,

\Ma pay an unreafonalile exaHion at every ferry

upon the tr.utuliTig oi ihc waters. AdjiJ(jn on Ituly.

Exa'cti.y. /7</i'. rfrom«-«<7.] Accurately;

nicely ; thoroughly.

B<itli uf 'em knew mankind fXjSlly well ; for both

of "cm Sfjinn that fhidy in tlicmiclves. Drydtn.

'i hr rciigion they profefs is fuch, that the more

rxtilly it ik fitted by pure unbialTcd reafon, the more

reafonable Itill it will be found, jilurbxry.

Exa'ctniss. »./. [from rxaf}."]

I. Accuracy; nicety; llrift conformity to

rule or fymraetry.
The experiments are all made with the utm*n|

0r<i -Ir'Ji and attsimfjiediun. If'ndvtrd »n i'rJpU. \

E X A

In wit, as nature, what affefts oht heartj
Is not th' exjilnjioi peculiar parts s
'Tis not a lip, or eye, we beauty call
Bui thejoint force, and full rcfult of all, f<!ff.

The balance mult be held by a third haiid, who
is to deal power svith the utmoft exaClnc/s into the
feveral fcalcs. Six'!/'.

2. Regularity of conduft; ftriftnefs of man-
ners ; care not to deviate.

i preferred not the outward peace of my kingdoms
with men, before that inward cxaa»efs of confeience
before God. K. CbarUt.

They think that their txtlhiffi in one duty will
atone for their neglcift of another. Ritgcr!.

fo EXA'GGERATE. v. a. \txaggero, La-
tin.]
I. To heap upon; to accumulate.

In the great level near Thorny, feveral oaks and
firs (land in firm earth below the moor, and have
lain there hundreds of years, ftill covered by the
frtlh aud fait waters and moorilh e«rth exjggcraied
upon them. Hale,

1. To heighten by reprefentation ; to en-
large by hyperbolical expreflions.

He had ex.iggiratid, as pathetically as he could,
the fenfe the people generally had, e«n dcfpair of
ever feeing an end of the calamities. Clarendon.

A friend ixjggeralei z man's virtues, an enemy
inflames his crimes. Addifon's Sj-edaloi.

ExAGCERA'Tlo^f. ti.f. [itotn cxa^gtralf.'^

1. The aft of heaping together; an heap;
an accumulation.

Some towns that were anciently havens ind ports,
arc now, by exj^rrj/i6ff of fand between thcfe towns
and the fea, converted into firm land.

Halc'i Origin cf Mankind.

2 . Hyperbolical amplification.

Exagg:raiiont o( the prodigious condefcenfions in
the priuce to pafs good laws, would have an oJl
found at Weltminller. Stvj/i,

To Exa'citate. v. a. [rxa^ito, Latin.

1. To (hake; to put in motion.

The warm air of the bed rxagilatet the blood.

Arburhn^t.

2. To reproach ; to purfue with invedlives.
The fcnfe u now difufcd, being purely
Latin.

This their defed and impeffeftion I had rather
lament in fuch Cafe than exagitate. Hxitr.

Exaoita'tion, »./. [from fxagitate,'] The
a^t of fhaking or agitating. Di^.

Td RXA'LT. -v. a. [exalie'r, French; alius,

Latin ; fxaltt, low Latin.]
I. To raife on higlK

Aad thou, Capernaum, which art exalted unto

heaven, flialt be brought down t» hell. Afa/r. xi.lj.

I, To elevate to power, wealth, or dignity.

Exat{ him that is low, and abafc him that is

high. Exjk.

Aa yet «j/r(/?.thou thyfelf againft my people,

that thou wilt not let tlirm go i Exodus^ ix. 17.

How long Ihall mine enemy be exalted over me?

Pf. liil. ».

3, To elevate to joy or confidence.

The covenanters, who urderftood llicirown want
of Itrength, were very reasonably exatt.-d with this
" fuccels. Clarendon.

\ low much foever the king's friends ware dejcOei
upon the palfmg thofe two afts, it is cerraiii, they
who thj«^ht they (*ot whatfoevcr he loft were
iiviglttity exalted, and thought thenifclves no*^ fu-
pcrior to any uppoiition. ihydenU Min, Ved.

4.. Topraife; to extol; to magnify,

O magnify the I.otd with me, aiii let us exalt
his name together. PJat. iiiiv. j.

5. To raife up in oppofition; a fcrjptural
phrafc.

Againd whom haft thou exalted thy Toice, and
lift up thin: eyes on high > t Kings, xix.ia,

6. To intend ; to enforce.
Now Marj, flie faid,. let fame exalt her voice ;

Nor let th/ lonij iclU osily bt hw i.hon:e. Prior.
/ "

EX A

6. To heighten ; to improve j to refitje by
fire, as in chemiftr)'.

The wild animals have more exercife, have thei#

juices more elaborated tniexalted; butforthe fame

reafon the fibres are harder. Arbulhnot on Alimcnlu

With chymick art«.i/(i the mineral pow'rs,

And draws the aromatick fouls of flow'rs. Prfe,

They meditate whether the virtues of tl« one"

will exalt or diminiih the force of the other, or

correct any of its nocent qualities. H'dUtt

8. To elevate in diftion or fentiment.

But hear, oh hear, in vihit exalted flrains,
Sicilian mufes, through thcfe happy plains.
Proclaim Saturnian times, eur own Apollo reigns,

Rofcom'rtftr^

Exalt a'tiok. n.f. [from fxelt.]

1. The aft of railing on high.

2. Elevation to power, dignity, or excel,
lence.

She put off the garments of widowhood, for the
exaltation of lliofe that wcreopprciTed. fuditb, xvi. 8»-

The former was an humiliation of Deity, the lat.
ter an humiliatioif of manhood ; for which caufe
there followed an exaltation of that which was hum-
bled , for with power he created the world, but
redored it by obedience. Hocttry

J. Elevated ftatc ; ftate of greatnefi ordig.
nity,

1 wonder'd at my flight ardchartge
To this high exaltation. Milton 't Faradife Lojl^

In God ill perfcdtions, in their higlieft degree aa4
exaltation, meet losether. Tillttfon,

You are as much efleemed and as much beluved^
perhaps more dreaded than ever yois were in your
highelt exaltation. Svjift.

4. [In pharmacy.] Raifmg a medicine to
a higher degree of virtue, or an increafo
of the moll remarkable property of any
body. _ i^luincy,

5. Dignity of a planet in which Its powtrs
are incrcafcd.

AOrolocers tell us, that the fun receives his ex,
alljlian lii the lign .\t\t3. _ _ Dryden,

Exa'mkn.w./. [Latin.] Examination j djf»
quifition ; enquiry.

Iliis conlidcrcd togeiher with 4 ftiifl account, and
critical ex.imrn oi rrarou, will alfo diftradt the witty
dcicrminations of alliology, Brovn'i Vulgar Err^

Ex'aminate. n.f. [examinatui, Latin.]
The perfon examined.

In an ctarainuion where a freed fervant, wh»
h.iving power with Claudius, very faucily had a1-
moft all the wofdi, afked in fcorn one of the ex^jm
eminatii, who was likewile a freed fervant of Scri-
bonianus; I pray, fir, if Scribonianus had been
emperor, what would you have done ? He anfwered
I would haT« flood behind his chair and held my
peace. B.icon,

ExAMiieA'TloK. «,/. \examinath, Latin.]
The aft of examining by queftions, or
experiment; accararc difquiution.

I have brotighthim foith, that, tha examinatim
bad, 1 might have fbmewhat to write. Ailt,xnv,t6,

thfTcrcnt men leaving out or pi:tting in fereral
Cmpie ideas, according to their vsiious examination,
(kill, or oUiervaiioo of the fubjcS, have dilferent
(iTencrs. Locke,

Examiwa'tor. ti.f, [Latin.] An examiner;
an enquirer.

An inference, not of powrr to perfuade a ferious
examinator, Broti'n't f'^ulgar Emurs,

To EXAMINE, v. a. [e.ramirro, Latin.]
I, To iry apcjfon accufed or fnfpeftcd by
iatcrrogatorici.

Let ihcm rar.»iiii« themfclves whether they repent

tliem truly. Church. Cat.

If we tliis day he examined oi the good deed done

to the impotent man. Ails, iv, 9.

We ou^ht, hcforr it be too l-^tc, to txamixe otir

fouls, and pmide ics fis^irity. IVaice's Prejiaration.

t. To interrogate a witncfs.

C/>m<nand bii occufcta to ocne unto thee, by
4 U t examining

E X A

lOMniViti of whom (hylclf mjy'lt t&e knowledge
of »11 theic things. jf^'-

3. To tr>- the truth or falfehood of any pro-
pofition.

4. To try by experiment, or obfervarion ;
narrowly fift ; fcan.

"To write what may fccurely ftmd the tell
Of being well read over ibrice a( lealV,
Compare each phrafe, examine cv'iy line.
Weigh tv'ry word, and ev'ry thought refine. Pope.

5. To make enquiry into; to fearch into ;
to fcrutinife.

When I be^an to exam'inf the extent and certainty
of our knowledge, I found it had a near connexion
with words. Lxkt.

Exa'miner. ». /. [from examine.^

1. One who interrogates a criminal or evi-
dence.

A crafty clerk, coramilTioner, or ixaMiner, will
make a witKcfs fpeak what he truly never meant.

Halc'i Imiv BfEngLtncl.

2, One who fearches or tries any thing; one
who fcrutinifes.

So mucli diligence is not altogether neceffary, but
it will promote ihc fuci;ef3 of the experiments, and
by a very fcrupulous txamh:er of things deferves to
be applied. Nc-wi. Oft.

Exe'mplary. aJj.[Ugm example.'^ Serving
for example or pattern ; propofed to imi-
tation.

We are. not of opinion that nature, in workitJg,
hath before her certain ixrmflary draughts or pat-
terns, which fublirting in the bofom of the Highell,
and being thence difcovcreJ, Ihe fixeth her eye upon
,l,cm. . - - Hi.ikir.

EXA'i*/IPLE. w.'/. {exemple, French; txem-
plitm, Latin.]

1. Copy or pattern ; thit which is propofed
to be refembled or imitated.

'V\\z example uni pattern of thofe his creatures he
beheld in all eternity. _ Raleigh's Hijl<.<y.

2. Precedent ; former inftance of the like.

So hot a fpeed, with fuch advice difpos'd.
Such temperate order in fo fierce a courfe.
Doth want example. Stake/feare'i Xing Jel/n.

3. Precedent of good. •

Let us Ihew an eximple to our brethren

yudiib, viii. 24.
Taught this by his example, whom 1 now
Acknowledge my Redeemer ever bieft ! MiU„n

A. A perfon fit to be propofed as a pattern.

Be ihou an example ai ihi: bdievers'. ^ _ i Tim.

5. One punilhed for the admonition of
others.

Sodom and Gomorrah, giving themfelves o»er to
fornication, are f«t forth for an example, fuffering
the vengeance of eternal fire. _ _ ^uJe, 7.

6. Influence which difpofes to imitation.

When virtue is prcfent, mon take example at it;
»nd when it is gone, they defire it. H- ifj. iv. 2.

Example it a motive of a very prevailing force on
the adlions of men. Rogers.

7. Inllance; ilhillrationof a general pofition
by fomc particular fpccification.

Can we, for example, give the ptaifc of valour to
a man, who, feeing his gods prophaoed, IhouU want
the courage to defend them. Dej/den.

1. Inftancc In which a rule is illuftrated by
atr.ipplication.

My rcaib)) is fiifficiently convinced both ef the
truth and ufcfulncfi of his precepts : it is to pretrnd
ihat I have, at leaft in feme places, miit exampl.s
to his rulea. DrfJcn.

To ExA'Mfi.E. t'. n. [from the noun.'
I. To exemplify ; to give an inftancce of.

The pnwf whereof 1 faw fuflicicntly exampUd in
thofe late wars of Mimrter. Spen/tr't Stale of htl.

a. To fet an example.

Do villaiav, do, fincc -fci ;ro<efi to do
Like warkmciv; \"Xexam^le jou with ihievenr.

SbaLejpeare.

E X A

ExA'NOVtouJ. adj. \exnngub, latin.] Hav-
ing no blood; formed with animal juices,
not fanguineous.

Hereby they confound the generation of perfefl
tnimals with imperfeft, fanguineous with *«•«»-
guious. Brovm

The infcfls, if we takeio the exanguious, both
terreftrial and aijuatick, may for number vie even
with plants. , ^V

Exa'nimate. adj. \exanimatus, Latin.]

1. Lifelefs; dead.

2. Spiritlefs ; deprefled.

The grey morfl
Lifts her pale luftxe on the paler wretch,
Exammite by love. Thmifon's Spring.

Exani.ma'tion. k. /, [from exanimate.]
Deprivation of life. _ Djit.

Exa'nimous. adj. [cAr«w/Wj, L.itin.] Life-
lefs ; dead ; k'.lled.

EX.iMTnEMATA. n.f. [[ig«»^^.»*«r«.] Ef-
florcfcencies; eruptions; breaking out;
puftules.

Exakthk'matous. adj, [from exanthema-
ta.'] Puftulous; efflorefcent; eruptive.

To EXANTLA' TE. -v. n. [exantlo, Latin.]

1. To draw out.

2. To exhauft ; to wade away.

By lime thofe feeJs arc wearied or exanllaleJ, or
unable to adt th;ir parts any longer. Boyle.

Exa.n-tla'iion n./. [from exaKt/afe.] The
aft of drawing out; exhauftion.

Exara'iion. »./. [ctaro, Lat.j The ma-
nual aft of writing; the manner of ma-
nual writing. , Dicl.

Exarticula'tion. »./. [fx 7mdaiiicu!i/s,
Latin.] 'Ihe diilocation of a joint. Di/f.

•Fo EXA'SPERATE. -l: a. \exafpen, Latin.]-

». To provoke; to enrage ; to irritate ; to
anger; to make furious.
To take tlie widow,
Exafperates, makes mad her filler Goneril. Skakcf.
The people of Italy, who run into politicks, hav-
ing fom'':thing to exafperau them againll the king of
France. Addijtn.

2. To heighten a difference ; to aggravate;
to embitter.

Matters grew mon ex.'Jp^rate between the kings
of England and France, for the auxiliary lorcca of
French and Engliih were much blooded one againft
another. Baccn.

When ambition is unable to attain its end, it is
not only wearied, but exasperated at the vanity of
itslSiours. . Parml.

3. To exacerbate ; to heighten malignity.

The platter alone would pen the humour already

contained in the part, and fo exa/peraie it. Baenn.

Exaspera'ter. w./. [fcomexa/peratf.] He

that exafiierates, or provokes; a provoker.

Exasi-era'tion. ». /. [from exajperatf.]

1. Aggravation; malignant reprefentation.

My going to demand jurtice upon the five mem-
bcis, my enemies loaded with all the obloquies and
ex.ifperalionl they could. King Charles.

2. Provocation; irriutjon; incitement of
rage. ^

'i'heir ill ufaje and exafperationt of him, and his
zeal for maintaining his argument, difpofed him to
take liberty. Attrrtmy.

To EXAL'CTORATE. 'v. a. [exauaoro.
Latin.

1. To difmifs from fcrvice.

2. To depri\e of a benefice.

Arch hcreticks, in the primitive days of ChrlfVi-

anitv, were by the chuich treated with no other

punilTiment than excommunication, and by exaulio.

raii)!v and depriving them ol thtir deRvecs thcteiu.

Aylijfe's Parerg.n.

Ex.vu ctora' . 10N,»./. [ftoba txauSoraU.]

EX C

1. Difmifllon from fervioe.

2. Deprivation ; degradation.

Depolition, degradation, or exauSltfatlat, \% itfc
thing elfe but the removing of a perfon Itom foma
dignity or order in the church, and depriving hin»
of his ecclcfiaftical preferments. Ayliffe's Parcrgm.

ExcANDt'scENCE.7»./. \excandeJco, \a-

ExcANDt.'scENCY. j tin.]

1. Heat; the ftatc of growing hot.

2. Anger; the flate of growing angry.
Excanta'tion. »./. \excaiito, Latin.] Dif-

enchantmcnt by a counter-charm.
To Exca'rnate.i». a. \exza.iicamei, Lat.]
To clear, from flefh.

The fplecn is moll curidufly excarnaiej, and the
velTuls filled with wax, whereby its fibres and velTelt
are very well feeii. Grew,

Excarnifica'tion. »./. [exearnifico, La-
tin.] The aft of taking away the flefti.
To E'XCAVATE. -v. a. [excavo, Latin.]
To hollow ; to cut into hollows.

The cups, gilt with a golden border about the
brim, were of that wonderful fmallnefs, that Faber
put a thoufand of them into an excavated pepper-'
corn. Ray «> tbe Creation.

Though nitrous tempefts, and clandeftinc death,
FiU'd the deep caves, and num'rous vaults beneath,
Which form'd with art, and wrought withendlel* toil,
Ran through tlie faithlefs excavated foil.
See the unwearied Briton delves his way.
And to the caverns lets in war and day. Blackmnre.

Flat thecT, fome like hats, feme like buttons,
excavated in the middle.

Derbam's Pbyjico-Theolegj.

Excava'tign. »./. \ixom e.xcavhte.]
I. The aft of cutting into hollows,
z. The hollow formed ; the cavity.

While our eye meafurcs the eminent and the hol-
lowed parts 0! pillars, the total objedt appeareth tlie-
bigger; and fo, as much as thofe exta^jaiiont do
fubilrail, is fupplied by a falUcy of the- fight

tVoilcn's Arciiiteltitrt,

To EXCE'ED. v. a. [excedo, Latin.]

1. To go beyond; to outgo.

Nor ilid any of the crufts much exceed \tiM an
inch in thicknefs. Hiodward on Fojfik,

2. To excel; to furpafs.

Solomon exceeded all the kings of the earth.

1 Kings,

To Exce'ed. f. a.

1. To go too far; to pafs tte bounds of fit-
nefs.

In your prayers, and places of religion, ufe reve-
rent poftures and great attention, remembering that
we fpeak to Gcd, in our reverence to whom «c can-
: not pollibly exceed. _ ,^ laylor.

2. To go beyond any limits.

Forty ftrires he may give him and not exceed.
' Deul.

3. To bear the greater proportion.

Juftice muti punilh the rebellious 'deed ;
Yet punilii fo, as pity fliall exceed. DryJirn.

Exce'edinc. participial adj. \^tom exceed.'\
Great in quantity, extent, or duration.

He faith, that cities werejRiilt an exceeding Ipace
of. time before the great flood. Raleigh's Hljlcty,
Exce'edinc. adv. [This word is not ana-
logical, but has becr>long admitted and
eilablirtied.} I»»very great degree ; emi-
nently.

The country is fuppofed to be iMeeding rich.

Aiic!.

Tlie Gcnoefe were exceeding powerful by fea, and
contended often with the Venetians forfuperiority.

Raleigh.

Talk no more fo exceeding proudly; let not arro.
gance come out of your mouili. ^ li'jm. ii.J.

The action of the Iliad and "that of the j*;nc;4
were in themfelves exceeding ihort ; but are beauii-
fully eiicinle.l and diverfilied by the invention of
epiludei, and the micliiacry ot ilje jods. Addiy.'i.

E X C

Hie feniwof the blood afForJs, by diftilUtion, in
txeeeding limpid water, neither acidnor allcaline.

Arbutbnot^
Exce'edingly. ad-j. 'Jrom txceeding.'\ To
a great degree; greatly; very much.
They cried out more exceedingly. Crucify him,

Mar. IV.

I faac trembled «f«<//>^Vy. . Gen ixvii. 3J.

The Eirl of Surrey, lieutenant of Ireland, was

much feared of the king's enemies, and exceedingly

beloved of the king'« fubjefts. Daviei on Ireland.

Precious (tones look exceedingly well, when they

are fet in thofe places which wc would make to come

cut of the pifture. Dryden.

Is not this medium exceedingly more rate and

, fubtile than the air, and exceedingly more elaftick

andaftive? Ncwion' s Opiicks .

T> EXCE'L. t>. a. {excello, Lat.] To outgo
in good qualities ; to furjjafs.

Venus her myrtle, Phabus has his bays ;
Tea both e'xcelt which you vouchlafe to ptaife.

Waller.
How heroes rife, how patriots fet,
Thy father's bloom and death may tell;

Excelling others, thefe ivere great ;
Thou greater ftill, muft thSTe excel. Prior.

7»Exce'l. f. n. To have good qualities
in a great degree ; to Ise eminent ; to be
great. •

Then to Silvia let us fing,
That Silvia is excelling. Sbakeffeare.

Reuben, unliable as water, thou (halt not excel.

(Jen, xlii.
It is not only in order of nature for him to go-
vern, that is the more intslligent; but there is no
lefs required, courage to protcft, and, above all, ho-
nelly and probity to abliain from injury: fo fitnei's
to govern is a perplexed buitnefs. Some men, fome
nations, excel in the one ability, fome in the other.
Bacon^s Holy War,
Company are to be avoided that are good for no-
thing; thofie to be fought and frequented that rxrr/
in fome quality orother. Temfle.

He match'd iheir beauties where they moft excel;
Of love fung.better, and of arms as well. Dryden.

Let thofe teach others, who ihemfelves excel;
And ccnfure freely, who have written well. Pope.
E'xcELLENCE. T »./. [excellence, French;
E'xcELLENCY. J excellealia, Latin.]

1. The ftate of abounding in any good qua-

'■^y- . . . .

2. Dignity; high rank inexiftence.

Is it not wonderful, that bafe defires ihoiild fo
txtin^uifh in men the fcnfc of their own excellency,
as to make them willing that iheir fouls Ihould be
like the fouls of bealls, mortal and corruptible with
tbeir bodies? Hosier,

I know not why a Send may not deceive a crea-
ture of more excellency thin himfelf, but yet a crea-
ture. _ Dryd. Ju-j. Dedic,

3. The ftate of excelling in any thing.

1 h.rve amongft men of parts and Sufinefs, feldom
heard any one commended for having an excellency
in mufick. : Locke.

4. That in which one excels.

The criticiftr.s have been rojde rather to difcover
beauties and excellenciet than their faults and im-
pcrfeaions. Addijoei.

5. Purity ; goodnefs.

St.e loves him with that excellence.
That angais love good men with. Sbaiefiteare,

6. A title of honour. It is now ufually ap-
plied to generals of an army, ambafladors,
and govern ours.

They humbly (hew unto your excellence.
To liave a gtwdly peace concluded of. Shakrfpejre.
E'xcF.Ll.ENT. adj, [exccllem, Latin.]

1. Of great virtue; of great worth; of great
dignity. .

Arts and fci^ncea are excellent, in order to certain
ends. _ Taylot.

2. P'minent in any good quality.

H« is ixctllint in power and iu judgment.

'^ib, ixxvii. 23.

E X C

E'XCELLENTLT. ad-v, \irQTCi exceUiHU'\

1 . Well ; in a high degree.

He determines that man waa ere£l, becaufe he
was made with hands, as he excellently declareth.

Brotvn*! Vulgar Errours,

That was excellently obferved, fays I, when 1 read
a palTage in an author, where his opinion agrees with
mine, Svjijt,

2. To an eminent degree.

Comedy is .both excellently inftruiflive and ex-
tremely pleafant; fatire lalhesvice into reformation ;
and humour reprefents foily, fo as to render it ridi-
culous. Dryderu
To EXCEPT, v. a. {extipio, Latin.]
I. To leave out, and fpecify as left out of
a general precept, or pofition.

But when he faith, .'^11 things are put under him,
it is manifelt, that he is excepted which did put all
things under him. Cor.

Adam, behold
Th' eiTeds, which thy original crime hath wrought
'In fome to fpring from thee, who never touch'd
Th' exeeftedtnt. Milton's Paradife Loft.

To Exce'pt. "v. «. To objeft; to make
objeftions.

A fuccefliion which our author could not except
againl>. , Locke,

Exce'pt. prepojit, [from the verb. This
word, long taken as a prepofition or con-
junftion, is originally the participle paf-
live of the verb; which/like moft others,
had for its participle two terminations,
except or excepted. All except one is all,
one excepted. Except may likewife be,
according to the Teutonlck idiom, the im-
perative mood: i// except ow,- that is, all
but one, which you muft except.]

1. Exclufively of ; without inclufion of.

Richard except, thofe whom we fight againll.
Had rather have us win than him they follow.

libalctfpeare.
Cod and his Ton except.
Nought valued he nor fear'd. Milton.

t. Unlefs ; if it be not fo that.

It is necelTary to know our duty, becaufe 'tis ne-
cefTaryfor us to doit; and it is impolTible to do it,
except we know it. Tilloi/on.

Exce'pting. prepofit, [from except. Sec
EXCEPT.]. Without inclufion of; with
exception of. An improper word.

Miy I not live without coniroul and awe.

Excepting ftill the letter of the law ! Dry den' t Per/.

People come into the world in Turkey the lame

way they do here; and yet, excepting the royal fa.-

■ roily, they get but little by it. Collier on Ouelling.

Exce'ption. ti. /. [from except; exceplio,

Latin.]

1. Exclufion from the things comprehended
in 3|^recept, or pofitioh ; exclufion of
any perfon from a general law.

Whtn God renewed this charter "of man's fove-
rcignty over the creatures to Noah and hi^ family,
we rind no exception at all ; but that Cham llood
as fully invefted with this right as any of his bre-
thren. Souths

Ixt the money be raifed on land, with an excep-
tion to fome ol the more . barren parts, that might
bt tax-'ree. Addjon.

2. It fhould have /rom before the rule or
law to which the exception refers; but
it is fometimes inaccurately ufedwith to.

Pleads in exception to all gen'ral rules,
Yourtalleof follies, with our fcorn of fools. Pope.

3. Thing excepted or fpecified in exception.

Every aA of parliament was not previous to vvhai
it enacted; unlefs thofe two, by which the Earl 01
• Strafford and Sir John Fcnwick left their heads mnv
fdft for exceptions. Stui/t.

Who hrlttaught fouls endav'd, and realms undone,
Th' enormous faith of many made for one ;
That proud exception to all nature's laws,
T' invert the world andcouuterwotk its caufc. Pope.

E X C

4. Ot^eftion ; cavil : with a^ainft or to.

Your aflertion hath drawn us to make feaicll'
whether thefe be julf exceptions agairft the cuftomr
of our church, when ye plead that they are the fame
which the church of Rome hath, or that they ar»
not the fame which fome other reformed churches
havedevifed, • Hooker, Pnface.

He may have exteptioni peremptory agai/ft the
jurors, of which he then (hall !hew caufc, Spinfer,..

Revelations will foon be difccrned to be extremey
ly conducible to reforming men's lives, fuch as will
anfwer all objeflions and exceftions of fle(h an*
blood <7ja;>^ it. Hammond.

.1 will anfwer what exceptions they can have
againjl our account, and confute all the reafons and
explications they can give of their own. Benlley,

5. Peevifti diflike; offence taken: fome-
times with to. • ■

I fear'd to (hew my father Julia's letter.
Left he Ihould tike exception to my love. Sbakefp.

6. Sometimes with at. ■ ' '

He (irlt took exception at this badge.
Pronouncing, that the palenels of this Bow'r
Bewray'dthe faintnefs of my mailer's heart. Sbak.

7. Sometimes with againfi.

Roderigo, thou haft tikenagaln/l me an excef.
tion; but I protelt I have dealt rtoftdiieaiy in thy ■. •„
'ff^ir- . _ •; Hbak'fpeare..

8. In this fenfe it is commonly u^ed with
the verb take.

He gave Sir James Tirrel great thanks ; but took
exception to the place of their burial, being too bafe
for them that were king's cliildren. Bacon.

Exce'ptionable. adj. [from fxceptiott.]
Liable to objeflidii.

The only piece of pleafantry in Milton is where
the evil fpirits rally rile angels upon Uie fuccefs of '
their artillery : this palTage 1 look upon to be the
moft «<-r/i/;sKaWf in the whole poem, Addifon. ■' ■
Exce'ptious. rti/;'. \i<com except. '\ Peevifh •
froward; full of objeftions; qu;irreIfome.
They are (b fupercilious, ftiarf, triKiblefomc, fierce;
and exceptious, that* they ar^e not only tfiort of the
true chatai£kr of lrieud<hip, but become the veiy
fores of fociety. South,

Exce'ptive. <7^". [from Mff//.] Including
an exception.

^ Exceptive profolitions will make complex fyllo-

gifms, as none but phyfici.uis came to the con-

fultation , the nurfe is no phyfician, therefore the

nurfe cime not to thf confuit,.tion, li'at s's Logick.

ExcE'pTLiiSS. a,//', [from except.^ Omitting

or negledingaJl exception; gene:al; uni-

verfal. This is not in life.

• Forgive my gen'ral and f»-i-f/.//,r/} raflinefs, ' '

Perpetual (obcr gods ! 1 do proclaim

One honeft man, HiuUfpcare's Timon,

Exce'ptor. ;/./. [from «ff//.j Objeflor;
one that in;ikes exccpticns.

The txcipior makes a rcftcCfion upon the im-
propriety of thofe cxprciTions, Burnet

ToExce'rn. a>. a. {excerno, Latin.] To
ftrainout; to fcparate or emit by ftrain-
ers ; to fend out by excretion.

That which is dead, or corrupted, or rxccrmdf
. hath antipathy with tlie fame ifiing when it is ali«e
and found, and With thofe parts which doixcern,'

Buco/j's Naturul Uijlory,

Exercife firft fendetli nourifhmcnt into the pans j

and fccundl), hclpotli \o excern by fweat, and f6

maketh the parts allimilate. Bacon's Sat. Ilift.

\n unguent or pap picparcd, witji m\ open veiicl

to iAr«r« it into, Ray 01: t/x Creation.

ExceVption. »./. [excerptia, Latin.]

1. The aft of gleaning ; feledling.

2. The thing gleaned or feJcfted.

Times have confumed his works, faving fome few
excerptons. , Raleigh. '

EXCE'SS. «./. [exof,,,, Latin,]
I. More than enough; fuihy fupcrfluity.

Am(>nj;ft the heaps of ihrlc ixcj/rs and fuper-
fluitics, there is cfpicd the want of a principal part
of duty. Hcoktr,

Coodnefi

'CoojiiierMnl'wert to the thcnlogiol »ifhie di«ril7>
tfid t^O'" ■><> excf/' but error) the dcfire of power
in fxfr/t cauled tlie »ngcl» to fill i the defire of
knowledge in txcefi caufed inaii to fill ; but in
ijiarity theit is no nccc/i, neither c»n angel or nun
-come in danger by it. BiUvn's mf^yi-

Members are crooked or didorted, or diffxopor-
tioiuic to the reft, either in nre/i or defeft. A-y

2. Exuberance^ ftatc of exceeding; compa-
rative exuberance.

Let the rupeifluous and lull dieted man.
That braves your ordinioot. feci your power quickly;
So dlllribution (hall do unto env/>,
iVnd each man have enough. Shaitf.Xin^Leaf.

The feverjl rays in that white light retain their
c6loriticlc qualities, by whi^ thofc of tny fort,
whenever they become more oopieut than the reft,
do by their txceft aad predominance caufc their f ro-
fer colour (o appear. Stxvicm'i Oftirit.

3. Intemperance; unreafonable indalgence
in meat and drink.

It was rxcrfs of wine that fct him on,

And on4iis more advice we pardon him. Shtl/fp.

There will be need of femperance in dietj tt
«he body once heavy with ne^s and furtciti , hangs

plummett on the noUer parts, Duffa.

4. V^iolence of paflion.

5. Tranfgredion of dqe limitl.

A popularfway, by forcing kings to give
More than ■■/* m for objects to receive,
fUn to the fame catremes ; and one txcr/t
Vlade both, by driving to be greater, Uli. Dunham.
f liofpitality fomciimcs degenerates into protul'e-

«e(s: tveo parlimony ilfelf, which fits but ill upon
a publick figure, is yet tlie more parJonable txcr/s of
the two. Ailirkury.

ExcE'isivE. adj. [excfffif, French; frome'r-

I, Beyond the common proportion of quan-
tity or bulk.

If the panicum be laid below and about the bot-
tom of a root, it will caufe the root to grow to an
txciJfntV\pitU, _ _ Sanit,

t. Vehement beyond mcafure in kindnefs

or diflike.

Be not txcrjiivt toward any. Ecelrf.

The people's propeity it is, \sy txa/^vt favour,

to bring great men to mifcry, and then to be rx-

erJTir in pity. Hayu/arJ.

Exce'ssivelv. ad-v, [from excfjji've.\ Ex-
ceedingly; eminently; in a great degree.

A man muft be cxrrjfively ftupid, as well as un-
rtaritable, who belicvea there is no virtue but on
his own fide. AJJifon.

To EXCH A'NGE. i\ a. \exchanger, French ;

txcambiare, low Latin.]
I. To give or quit one thing for the fake
of gaining another.

They Ihall not fell of it, neither exchange nor
alienate the hrft fruits. Ex.ek. ilviii. 14.

Exchange his (heep for fhclh, or wool for 1 fpark-
ling pebble, or a diamond. Lccic.

Take delight in the good things of this world,
fo a» to remember that wc are to part with Ihem, and
to excbangt them for more eicellent and durable
erpoymentt. _ Altetbury.

J, l"o give or take reciprocally.

Exctange forgivenefs with me, nohle lUmlet j
Mine and my father's blood, be not upon thee.
Nor thine on me. Shakrfpcare'i Hamlri.

Words having naturally no fignilitation, tlie idea
mull be learned by thofe who would exchange
thoughts, aad hold intelligible difcourfe with ©then.

Ijacte.

Heie.then exthange we mutually foigivenefs,
So may the guilt of ai! my broken vows.
My perjuries to ihee be all forgotten, _ Rrwe.

3. it has iviih before the perfon with whom
the exchange is made, and for before the
thing taken in exchange.

The king called in the old money, and ercflcJ
enchanges where the weight of old money was ex-
tbangedftrneii. CjmJrn.

Uttn Kiviaiatcd willi the Uwt and fafhions ol

E X C

his tmm MUntry, he hat fusicthiag ta enelange 1
vrVitlvore abeoad. lacke.

Ekcha'noe. «f./ [from the verb.]

1. TTic acl of giving and receiving recipro-
cally.

And ttien they parted, with txcbangeaS hami< I
Much blood the mooiters lolt, and they their arms.

IVe^Ur.

Th«y ka4 their 00m, they aiake exehanget;
they are always ready to ferve eoc another. Aidijon.

2. I'raflick by permutation.

The wwM ta maintained by intereourie t acd the
whole o*tt>i< of nature it a gnat exchange, in which
one go>d tuni it, and ought to be, the ftatcd price
of another. Smith.

3. The form or a£l of tramferritg. properly
by bills or MOte*-

I have biUt \ttx moaey by fxtianftf
from Floretsee. and muft here deliver them. Shakef.

4. The balance of the aonef of difibrent

nations.

He wai Ociiled in the enhatige beyond feat, and
in ail the cirouAftanees ud praOioee thenof.

HuywarJ »n EJrrmrd VI,

;. The Hmg given In return for fometbing
received.

If none appear ts Mwe upon dsy pcrfoa
Thy heinous, maaitdft, and many treafonl.
There is mypUdgo: I'll prove it on thy heart.
— Tharc'smy ncbeuige; what in the world he it
That EuuBcs me traitor, viUaia4ike he lies. SieU^f.

Spend xU I hjive, only rive me fo much time in
tf change of it. Siaie/p. Merry lflve> a/H-'inii/ar.

It made not the filvtr coined go for more than
its vahie in all things to be bought; butjuft fo much
as the denomination was raifcd, juft fo much Icfs of
commodity had the buyer in exchange for it. Locie,

I { blood you feek, 1 will my own retign ;
O fpare her life, and in exchange take mine.

Dry den' t hid. Emf.

6. The thing received in return for fome-
tbing given.

The refpeft and love which was paid you by all,
who had the happinefs fo know you, was a wife
exchange for the honours of the court. Dryden.

7. The place where the merchants meet
to negociate their affairs ; place of fale.

He that »res the fame words lometimes in one,
and fomelimoa in another fignilicatinn, ought to pafs,
in the fchools for as fair a man, as he does in the
market and exchange, who fells leveral things under
the fame name. Licle.

No thing, no place is Orange,
While his fair liofom is the world'* exchange.

Den ham.

Excha'nger. rt.f. [itom cxckange.'\ One
who praftifes e*chanj;e.

Whili^ bullion may be had for a fmall price more
than ilic weight of our current cadi, ihefc rxcb^ngen
generally chufe rather to buy bullion than run the
silk of melting down our coin, which is crijr ■ 'al hy
the law . « 'rff^f-

ExcHt'AT. »./. SeeEsCHtAT.

He by my ruins thinks to make them great;
To make one great by others lofs is bad txcbeai.

Sfenfer,

Exche'ato*. «./. See Escheator.

Thcfe earls and dukes appointed their fpecial
officers ; as (hcrift', admiral, receiver, h.ivcncr,
cuftomer, butler, fearclier, comptroller, gjgcr, ex-
tbealu; feodiry, auditor, and clerk of the market.

Carew.

Exchk'quer. w. f. [f/chejueir, Norman
French; fchaccarium, low Latin,* from
/fAu/i, a trcafure ; German.] The court
to which are brought all the revenues be-
longing to the crown. It confifts of tw o
parts; whereof one dealcth fpecialiy in
the hearing and dcciJinjj of all caufcs ap-
pertaining to tlie king's, coffers : the other
IS called the receipt of the exchequer,
whidi i4 properl/ employed in the rccciv-

E X C

Ing and paying of mone;?. It Is alfo t
court of record, wherein all caufes touch-
ing the revenues of the crown are h.nndled.

Harris,

I will be cheater to them both, and they (hall be
txcie^veri to m-. Shakcfpearc,

Your trcafurei
Are qiiilc eahaulKd, At exchequer' t en^ty. Denham.

Clipped money will pafs whilll the king's banker*
and at Icaft the exrhrfuer takee if. Locke.

EXCrSE. »./. [accifi, Dutch; excifum, La-
ttp.] A baleful tax levied upon commo-
dities, and adjudged not by the commoa
judges of property, but wrctchea hired
by thofe to whom excife is paid.

llie people lliould pay a ratable tax for their
(haep, aad ao exri/i foe evory thing whlih thcv
IhouideH. ^ HayumrJ.

Ambitious now to take eirr^
Of » more icagrant ^aradife. Cleavehid,

Exci/e,
With htmdred rows ot teeth, the Oiark exceeds.
And on all trades iikc Cafliiwar (be feeds. Mar-nl.

Hire large houfes, and opprefs the poor.
By farm'Je«i/e. liryden' s Juvenal .

ToExcj'se. 'V, a. [from the noun.] To
levy exclfe upon a perfon or thing.

In South-fea days, not happier when furraii'd
The lord ofthoufands, than if now txcu'd. Pope,
Exci'seman. ft,/, [exci/e ZTiA man,} An
officer who infpetls commodities, and rate*
their excife.
Excision. ». /. [exci/io, Latin.] Extir-
pation ; deftruftion ; ruin ; the aft of
cutting off; the ftate of being cut off.

Pride is one of the fataleft inftruments of excifim.
Decay o/tiely.

Such conquerors are the inlhmnents of vengeance
on thofe nations that have filled up the mcafure of
iniquities, and aregrowo ripe for excijion, Atterhtiry,

Excita'tion. n./. [from ««/«, to excite,

Latin.]
I. The aft of exciting, or putting into raoi
tion.

All putrefaflions come from the ambient body,
either by ingrefs of the ambient body into the body
putiefieJ, or by excitation and foUicitatiou of the body
putrefied, by the body ambient. hanm,

I. The aft of roufing or awakening.

The original of fenfible and fpiritual ideas may
be owing to fenfation apd refledlion, the recolletUoD
and frelh excitation of them to other occjtions.

Watts' I LtgicK
To EXCl'TE. -v. a. \eieito, Latin.]
I . To roufe ; to animate ; to ftir up ; to
encourage.

The LageJcmonians were more excited to Sefirc
of honour with the excellent verfes of the poet
Tirtarus, than with all the exhortations of their cap.
tains. Sfenjn's IriLmd.

That kind of poefy which excites to virtue the
greateft of men, is of greatcrt ufc to human kind.

DryJen,

z. To put in motion; to awaken; to raife.
Exci'tement. n. /. [from excite.] 'Ihe
motive by which one is ftirred up, ani-
mated, or put in aftion.
lluvv l).ind I then.
That have a father kill'd, a mother ftain'd.
Excitements ol my reafon and my blood.
And let all llcep > Shahffctrt.

Excj'ifR. v./. [from r.ri</e.]

1. One that llirs up others, or puts them ia
motion.

They never punifhcd the delinquency of the tu-
mults and tlicir exiiiers. i^'ng Cbjil:,,

2, The caufe hy which any thing is raiied
or put in motion.

Hope is tlie grand exciter of induftry.

Decay of Firm.

EX C

ft EXCLAIM. IT. n, [exdamo, Latin.]

1. To cry out with vehemence; to make
an outcry ; to cry out querulouily and
outrageoufly.

This ring,
Which, when you part from, lofe, or give awajr.
Let it prebge the ruin of your love,
Andbemy 'vantage to «f/«/)» on you. Siakrff,

Thofc who fXcUim againft foreign tyranny, do,
to this intedine ufutpcr, make la mlire dedition of
themfflves. Decay of Piety.

The mod infupportable of tyrants exclaim againd
theexercife of arbitrary power. L' EJfratige.

2. To declare with loud vociferation.

Is Cade the fon of Henry the Filth,
That thus you do exclaim you'll go with him? Sbak.

Exclaim. ». /. [from the verb] Cla-
mour; outcry. Kow dtfufcd.

Alas, the part I had in Glo'ller's blood
Doth more folicit me than your rxclaimi.
To llir againft the butchers of his life. Stat.

Exch^'iMitL, a. /. [{mm exclaim ] One
that makes vehement outcries ; one that
fpeaks with great heat and paffion.

I muft tell Sis excUimcr, that his manner of
proceeding is very ilrauge and unaccountable.

Aiteriury.
Exclama'tiok. »./. [exclamath, Latin.]

1. Vehement outcry; clamour; outrageous
vociferation.

The ears of the people are continuaHy beaten
«ith excUmatiiati againli abuliEt in the church.

Htakir, Deeticat'ian.

Either be patient, or intreat me lair,
Or with clamorous report of war,
Thus will 1 drown your exclamations, Shake/p.

2. An emphatical utterance ; a pathetical
feittence.

O Mufidonis • Mufidorus ! but what ferve tncla-
nutieru, where there are no ears to receive the found ?

Sidney,

3. A note by which a pathetical fentencc is
marked thus !

ExcL a'matory. adj, [from exclaim.^

1. Pradifing exclamation.

2. Containing exclamation.

To EXCLU-DE. -v. a. [ixclutfo, Latin.]
I. To (hut up ; to hinder from entraiKC or
admiflion.

Fcnc'd with hedges and deep ditches round
ExclmJt th' encroaching cattle fronv thy grouni.

DrjJ. Virgil.

Sure I am, unlefs I win in arms.
To Hand cxcluMd trom Emilia's charms. Dryder.

Bodies do each linfly polTefs its proper portion,
iccotding to the eitentof its fohd parts, ud thereby
ixctudi all other bodies from that (pace Lxke.

Though thefe three fons of fubftjnces do no not ex-
tlude one another out of the fame place, yet we
cannot conceive but that they murt necelTanly each
•f ihtmexclujc any of the fame kind out of the fame
flare. Lcclte.

If the church be fo unhappily contrived as to ex-
clude fiom it5 commanion luch perfons likelieft to
have great abilities, it fliould be altered S-wift.

a. To debar; to hinder from participation;
to prohibit.

Juftice, that fits and frowns were pubKck law«
Exclude (oft mercy from a private caufe.
In your tribunal moft hcrfelf does pleale ;
There only fmilcs, becjufelhelivcs ateafe. Dryden.

This is Dutch partnerlhip, to (hare in all our
beneficial bargains, and exdiult us wholly from
theirs. s-Mifu

3. To except in any pofition.

4. Not to comprehend in any grant orprivi-

They feparate from all apparent hope of life and
falvation, tlioufands whom the goodnefsof Almightv
Cod doili not exclude. fhokir.

5» To difmifs from the womb or egg.

Otbcn gsound (his difrufuon upon iLcir conti-

EX C

nued or profrafted time of ielivery, wherewith <*•
eluding but one a-day, tlie latter btood impatient,
by a forcible proruptioo, antidates their perijd at
exdufion. Bnian's I'ulgar £rrt,urs.

Exclusion. »./ [{torn exclude.]
I - The a^ of Ihutting out or denying ad-
miffion.

In bodies that need detention of fpirits, the c.v-
elufim of the air doth good ; but in bodies that need
emilfion of fpft-its, it doth hurt. _ Bacon,

2. Rejeflion ; not reception in any manner.

If he is for an entire exdufion of fear, which is
fuppofed to have fome iiU!uer^ce in every law, he op-
pofeshimfclf tocvcrygo^■ernment. Addifon.

3. The aft of debarring from any privilege
or participation.

4. Exception.

There was a queltion a(kej at the table, whether
the French king would agree to ha« the difpoling of
the marriage ot Bretagne, with an exception and
txclujion that he (hould not marrv her himfelf?

ilactn's lleniy VII.

5. The difmiflion of the young from the
egg or womb.

How were it p*Btble the womb (hould contain
the child, nay, fometimes twins, 'till they come
to their due pcrfedlion and maturity for exdufion *
Ray on the Creation.

6. Ejeftion; emiflion; thingemitted.

The fait and liitviated ferolity, with fome por-
tion of choler, is divided between the guts and blad-
der, yet it rem.iins undivided in birds, and hath
but a fingle Jefcent by the guts with the exclujhns
of the belly. Brotun's Vulgar Errours.

'ExcLv'aivs. aJJ. [ftomexc/utle.]

1. Having the power of excluding or deny-
ing admiffion.

They obftaele End none
Of membrane, joint, or limb, exelufivehnt:
F.afier rh.iii air with air, if fpirits embrace.
Total they mis. M'lion't Pjradifi Left.

2. Debarring from participation.

In fcriplure there is no fuch thing as an heir that
was, by right of nature, to inherit all, exclufiie oi
hisbiethrcn. Locke.

3. Not takiirg into an account or number :
oppofcd to iuclujiie.

1 k.iow not whether he reckons the drofs, txclu.
five or iiiclulive, with his three hundred and ftxty
tons of capper Sivi/l.

4. Excepting.
ExcLu'slVELY. aJf. [from exclufme .]

1. Without admiffion of another to partici-
pation : fometimes with to, properly with

of.

It is not eafy to difcern, among the many dif-
fering fubftances obtained from the fame portion
of matter, which ought to be eftecmcd, exctufii'nJy
to ail the rctl, its inexillcitt elementary ingredients';
much Icfs what primogenial and limple bodies, con-
vened together, compofe it. Boylr.

Ulylfes aJJreffcs himfelf to ihe qtnen chieBy or
primarily, but not f*f/<yfi'«'/vof the king. Broome.

2. Without comprehenfton in an account ox
number ; not iiiclufively.

Tlie hi'.t part lafts from the J.ite of the citation
to the joining of ilfue, exdufively: the fecond con-
tinues to a conclulion in the caufe, inclufively.

Ayli£cU Parirgon^

To Exco'cT. -p. a. [excofJui, Latin.] To
boil up ; to make by boiling.

Salt and fugar, ixcodedhy heif, are diflTolved by
cold and moitture. Bacon's Natural Hifiory.

To Exco'gitatb. v. a, \excogito, Lasin.J
To invent; to ftrike out by thinking.

If the wit of man had been to contrive this organ,
what could he have poflibly exagiiated more ac-
curate ?

The tradition of the origination of mankind feems
to be univerlat ; but the particular methods of that
origination excogitated by the heathen, were parti-
cular, ilaU'i Origin of Miakiitd.

E XC

We ftiall find them to be little elfe thatl txragl'
fated and invented models, net much arifiiig from
the true image of the things themftives. lljle.

Excommu'nicable. adj. Liable or d«-
ferving to be excommunicated.

VerhifixMcommitnicaile; yea, and call for noto-
rious improbity. Hooker

•ToExcommu'nicate. [t: a. excommuttko,
low Latin.} To ejeifl from tKc commu-
nion of the vifible church by an ecclefi*
aftical cenfure ; to interdift from the par<i-
ticipation of holy myfteries.

Thou (halt ftand curft and excommunicate ;
And blcfled (hall he be, that doth revolt
From his all^iance to an heretick. Shakefp,

What if they (hall excommunicate me, hath tne
doctrine of meeknefs any falvc for me then ?

Hammond's Pra6l. Cjtecb,
The office is performed by the parilh-prieft at in-
termont, bm not unto perfons excommxnicattd.

Ayliffe's Parergon.

Excommunica'tjon. »./. [iiom excom~
municate.'] An ecclefiafticalinterdift; ex-
dufion from the fellowlhip of the church;
As for excommunication, it neither (hutteth out
from the myltical, nor clean from the vifible church ;
but only from fellowlhip with the vifible in holy du.
ties. Hooker..

To EXCO'RIATE. %'. a. To flay; to ftrip.
off the fltin.

An hyperfarcoTs arifes upon the txcorlatedeytWi,
and turneih it outward. IVifeman's Surgery.

A loolciiers proves often a fatal fymptom in fevers-;
for it weakens, MMr;ar», andintiaines the bowels.

AriuthtioC,
Excoria'tiov, n.f. [from excoriate.]

1. Lofs of (kin > privation of ikin; the aiTl
of flaying.

The pituite fecerned in the nofe, mouth, and in*
tcltines, is not an excrementitious, but a laudable
humour, necelTary for defending thofe parts fron».
excoriations, Ariutbnot.

2. Plunder; fpoil ; the sCi of dripping o£
pofleflions.

It hath marvelloufly enhanced the revenues ofthe
crown, though with a pitiful excoriation of the poorer
fort. Hoiuei.

ExcoRTicVrioif. n.f. [Itam. cortex, and.
ex, Latin.] Pulling the bark off any
thing. ^utncj;

To E'xcreate. <v. a. [excreo, Latin.] lo
ej'eft at the.'mouth by hawking, or forcing
matter from the throat.
E'.XCREMENT. n.f.\excreme»titm, Latin.]
That which is thrown out as ufelefs, noxi-
ous, or corrapted from the natural paflage*
of the body.

We fee that thofe excretaenti, that .ire of the firft
digenion, fnell the worll ; as the excrements of the
Ihe kdly. Bacon.

It fares with politick bodies as with the phyfical j;
each would convert all into their own proper fub-
(iince„ and caA forth as excrement what will not fa
be changed, Jialcigi't Ejfajs.

Their fordid avarice rakes
\a excrements^ and hires the very jakes. Drjdtit,.

Farce, in itfelf, is of a naif y fccct ;
Buttbe gainfmelis notof the excremtnt. Dryden.
You may tind, by diifcltion, not only their (to-
machs full of meat, but their intcliines full of ri'*
crement. BcntUy, .

The excrem^Jils of horf^s are nothing but hay,
and, as luch, combultible. Arbulhnotcm Aliments.

ExcR-EMt'.NTAL. adj. [from ctcrement.^
That which is voided as excrement,

God hath given virtues to fpring3, fo'.intains,
earth, plants, and thcexcrfffieff/a/paruof ihebafc(i:
living creatures. . ' Raleigl-,

ExcREMEN'i i'tious.(7(^'. [(mmexcrfme^it.]

CoBtaiaing excrements; conlifling gl'

EX c

matter evcreted from the body; offenfive
or ufelcfs to the body.

The txcroK'niilhu! moifture paflcth in birds
thmugh a fairer and more delicate ttrainer than in
fceafts. Btinn.

'loll of the mini deftroyi health, by altraflinf
the fpirits from their talk of concodion to the brain ;
whither they carry along with them clouds of vapours
and txcrenunlithus humouis, Harvey.

The lungs are the grand emunflory of lUe bojy ;
and the main end of refpiralion is continually to
difcharge and expel au txcremtntitiont fluid out of
the mafs of blood. IVoodvurii.

An animal fluid no ways excnmtntiihia, mild,
elaborated, and nutncious. Arbulhuot on jilimtnls.
Excre'sence. 1 ». /. [excn/co, Latin.]
Excre'sency. / Somewhat growing out
of another without ufe, and contrary to
the common order of produftion ; pre-
ternatural produdion.

All beyond this is monftrous, 'tis out of nature,
'biiaexciffcence, and not a liring part of poetry.

Dry dm.

We have little more than the txcrtfienda of the

Spanilh monarchy. Addifon on the IVar.

They are the fJr(T^/irffr« of our fouls; which, like

our'hair and beards, look horrid or becoming, as we

cut or let them gr«w. 7atUr.

Tumoui's and txcrffccncfi of plants, out of which

generalk ilTuts a fly or a worm, are at firft made by

fuch inleils which wounJ the tender buds. Bently.

Excre'scent, adj. \excrejctns. Latin.]

7'hat which grows out of another with

preternatural fuperfluity.

Expunge the whole, orlop ih' cxeri/ient fUtt
Of all, our vices have created arts :
Then fee how little the remaining fum,
: Which fcrv'd the palt, and muft the times to come.

Pope.

Excre't<on. »./. {excre/i'o, Latin,]
I. Separation of animal fubllance ; ejecting
fomewhat quite out of the body, as of no
■further ufe, which is called excrement.

Thefymplomsof the fx<-r«/«« of the bile vitiated
are a yellowilh Ikin, while baid faopes, lofs of apjetite,
and lixivial urine. ArbulhnotJiri Aliments.

3. The thing excerned.

The mols from apple-trees is little better than an
txcrettott. Bacon.

Excre'tive.o*^' [rjrfrf/«/, I.atin.] Having
the power of feparating and ejefting ex-
crements.

A' diminution of the body happens by the excre-
tive faculty, excerning and evacuating more than
iiecefiary. Harvey on Confuntp.

E'xcretory. adj. [(rom excretion.'] Having
the quality of feparating and ejecting fu-
perfluous parts.
E'xcRtTORY. tt. /. The inltniment of ex-
cretion,

Excreioriet of the boJy are nothing but (lender

flips bf the iricries, deriving an appropriated juice

from tlie blood. Cbeyne.

ExcRu'ci ABLE. adj. [from rxcrrtante.]

•■ Liable to torment. DiYf.

To EXcRU'*-LA rE. -v. a. {excrum, Latin.]

'Jotorlpre; to torment.

And h^rc my heart 4oiie time excruciate

Amongft the leaves I reftcd all that night. Cbafman.

Leave them, as long as they keep their h-irdncfs

. and impenitent hearts, to thole gnawing and excru-

eiating fears, thofe whips of the Divine Ncmeits,

^a( ttequently Icourge evea atheilh thcmfclvcs,

Benl/y.

Excuba'tion. »./. [excu/iatio, Latin.] The
aft of watching all night. Di^L

yi Excui.'pATt, i>. fl. [ex and c/i//>i), Lat.J
To clear from the imputation of a fault.

A good child will not feck to ex^iiljiaie herfclt at
tl^c cxpeace of die molt icvcrtd cbarattcr^. Clarijf.i.

EX C

Td Excu'i. V. ft. To pafs beyond limits;
A word not nfed.

His difcafe was an afthma, oft excurrlng to an
orthopnoiia; the caufe, a tranflation of tartarous
humours from his joints to hislungs^ Harx'ey.

Excu'rsion. w./. lex(ier/:6», French; fx-
curro, Latin.]

1. The aft of deviating; from the ftated or
fettled path ; a ramble.

The mufe whofe early voice you taught to fing,
Prefcrib'd her heights, and prun'd her tender wing;
Her guide now loft, no more attempts to rife,
But in low numben (hort exetirfiom tries. Pofe.

2. An expedition into fome dillant part.

The mind extends its thoughts oftencr beyond the
utmoft expanfion of matter, and makes txcurfions
into that incomprchenfible. _ Lficlte.

3. Progreflion beyond fixed limits.

The caufci of ihofe great excurfiom of the feafons

into the extremes of cold and heat, are veryobfcure.

Arbulbnot on Air,

4. Digreffion ; ramble from a fubjeft.

Expeft not that 1 (hould beg pardon for this ex-
curfion, 'till I think it a digreflion, to inQft on the
btelIi:dnersof Chrill in Heaven, Boylt.

I am too weary to allow myfelf any excurjon
from the main defign. Atteibury.

Excu'rsive. adj. [from excurn, Latin.]
Rambling; wandering; deviating.

But why lo far excurjhie, when at hand
Fair-handed Spring unbofoms every grace ? Thomfon.
Excu'sable. adj. [from exciife,'] Pardon-
able; that for which fome excufe or apo-
logy may be admitted.

Though he were already ftept into the winter of
his age, he found himfelf warm in thofe defires,
whidi were in his fon far more excufable. Sidney.

Learned men are excufable in particulars, where-
upon our falvation dependeth not. Raleigh.

Not only that ;
That were excufable, that and thoufands more
Ol femblablc import. Shaicfpcare'i Ant.and Cleof,

For his intermeddling with arms he is the more
excufable, becaufc. many others of his coatare com-
manders. Hovel.
■ Before the Cofpel, impenitency was much more
excufable, becaufe men were ignorant. TilUtfon,
Excu'sableness. ». /. [from exai/able.]
Pardonahlenefs ; capability to beexcufed.

It may fatisl'y others of the excufablenefs of my
diffEtisfadion, to perufe the enfuing relation. Biyle.
Excusa'tion. »./. |from exca/e.] Excufe ;
plea; apology.

Prefaces, excufaliont, and other fpeeches of re-
ference to the perfon, though they fccip.to proceed
of modefty, tlicy are bravery. Bacon's Effayi.

GoodneCs to be admired, that it refuted not liis
argument in thepunilhrneotof h'nexcufation.

Bro^i'n.
Excu'satory adj. [horn excufe.] Pleading

excufe; apologetital ; making apology.
To RXcU'SE. 1'. a. [excii/o, Latin.]

1 . To extenuate by apolog)'.

Bad men excufe their faults, good men will leave
them;
He a£ls the third crime that defends the lirft.
, , , Bcnyonfcn.

2. To difengage from an obligation; remit
attendance.

I have bought a piece of ground, and I mud needs
go and tee it : I pray thee have me cxcufrd. Luke.

I.aud attended throughout that whole journey,
which he was not obliged to do, and no doubt would
have been excufcd from it. Clarendon,

3. To remit; not to exaft ; as, /o excufe a
forfeiture.

4» I o weaken or mollify obligation to any
- thing; to obtain remiflion.

Nor could t'lc real danger of leavi-ng their dwel-
lingi to go up t» the temple, excufe their journey.

South,

5. To pardon by allowing an apology.

EXE

0 thou, whoe'er thou art, exeufe the force
Thefc men have us'd; and O befrieod our courfe !

Addi/oH.
Excufe fome courtly ftrainsj
No whiter page than Addifon's remains. Pope,

6. To throw ofiF imputation by a feigned
apology.

Think you that we excufe outfelfts unto you ?

2 Cor. jii,

7. To juftify; to vindicate. This fcnfe it
rare.

AccuGng or elfe txcufing ooe another. Rom.

Excu'se ». /. [from the verb. The laft

fy liable of the verb is founded as if written

excuze, that of the noun with the natural

found.]

1 . Plea offered in extenuation ; apology.

1 was fet upon by fome of your feryants, whaim
becaufe I have in my juft defence evil entreated, I
came to make my exeufe to you. Sidney,

Be gone, I will not hear thy vain excufe^
But, u thou lov'ft thy life, make fpecd from hcnca.

Shalteffeare,

As good fucccfs admits no examinatiog, lb the
contrary aliowi of no excufe, how teafoiuble or jull
foever. Raleigi,

We find out fome exeufe or other for referring
good refolutioiis, 'till our intended retreat is cut oK
by death. Addifon.

2. The aft of excufing or apologifing.

Heaven put it in thy mind to take it hence.
That thou might'ft win the more thy father's love.
Pleading fo wifely in excufe oi\x, Sbakef, Henry IV.

3. Caufe for which one is excufed.

Let no vain hope youreafy mind feducc;
For rich ill poets are without excufe. Rofcommom
' Nothing but love this patience could produce ;
And 1 allow your rage that kind excufe, Drydea,

Excu'seless. <7i^'. [from <';fi-»/i-.] That for
which no excufe or apology can be given.
The voluntary enllaving myfelf is excufelefs.

Decay of Piety,
Excu^ER. ».yt liiovRtxcufe.]

1 . One who pleads for another.

In vain K'ould his excufert endeavour to palliate
.his inormitics by imputing them to madnefs. Sv:ift.

2. One who forgives another.

To EXCU'SS. f. a. [exciijus, Latin.] t To
feize and detain by law, ■ .

The perfon of a man ought not, by the civil law
to be taken for a debt, uultfs his goods and eftatei
has beenfiift exeuffed, Ayliffe's Parergon,

Excu'ssioN^^»./. \txcufjia, Latin.] Seizure
by law.

If upon an txeitffion there are not goods ?o fatisfy
the judgement his body may be attached. Aylijje.

E'xECRABLE adj. [e^ecrobiUs, Latin.] Hate-
, ful ; deteftable ; accurfed ; abominable.

For us to change that which he hath cllablirhed,
they hold it execrable pride and prefumption. Huoiier.

Of the viftble church of Jelus Chrill thole may
be, ill rcfped^ of their outward profeflion ; who, iik
regard of theirinward difpofition, are mofl worthily
both hateful in the fight of Cod hiint'clf, and in
the eyes of the founder part of the vilible church
moft execrable. Hooker.

Give fentence on this execrable'ymXth,
That hath been biccJer of ihefe dire events. Stat.

When execrabUTvoy in aOics lay,
Through hrcs, and Iwoids, and feas, they forc'd their
way. Dryden.

E'xECRABLY.fli/x'. \fitQmexecrable.'\ Curfed-
ly ; abominably.

'Tis fuftianall; 'tis «<Trai/y bad ;
But if they will be fools, mult you hem.ad? Dry J,

T'oEX'ECRArE. 'V. a. {execror, Latin.]
To ciiiTe ; to imprecate ill upon ; to abo-
min.ntc.

Extindion of fome tyranny, by the indignation
of a people, makes way for fome form contrary to
that which they lately rxefroMi/ and detcfted.

Temple.

Execra'tioj.-.

E X E

■ExECRA'TtON. n.f. \itara.extt¥tttc.'\ Curfcj
imprecation of evil,

Mifchance and forrow j,o along with you.
And thrtcfold rengeance 'tend upon your ftcps !
i— Ceafc, gentls qutm, thefe execratims. Shikef.

For this we may. thank Adam ! but his thanks
Shall be the exccnzHm. Mi/ton's Paradife Ltfi.

The Indians, at naming the devil, did fpit on the
ground in token of rJ:«r^«o/r, RtiUitigfieet.

Ta EXE'CT. 'V. a. \execo, ,Latin.] To cut
ont; to cot away.

Were it not for the effufion of blood which vrould

follo%v an exeftion, the liver' might not only be'

. txead, but its office fupplied hy the fpletn and other

parts. , Harvey on Confumpthfts.

•Exe'cTioN. n.f. [from exea.'\ The a(3 of-

cutting out. See EXECT. '''
'-TsE'XECUTE. -.•, a. [exejuor,-U\lu.]
I. To perform ; to praftife.

Againft all the gods of Egypt I will execute \a^i.

"«'"■'• . ' BxcJus

He cafts into th« balance the proqiife of a reward

to fuch as thouM exeirJe, and of puuifiiment to fuch

as lliouli ncg!e£l their commiffion. South.

^ To put in aft ; to do what is planned or
determined.

Men may not devife laws, but are bound forever
to ufe uA execute thof* which God hath delivered.

Hooker.

The gorernment here iifo regularly difpofed, that

it almoft execures itfelf. .luvfi

Ahfahm pronounced fentence of death againit his

brother, and had it exerxfeJtao. Lode.

3. To put to death according to form of
juftice ; to punifh capitally.

filzolbom was «f.-»rf</ under him, or difcarded
into foreign fervice for a pretty fludowr of exilement.

Spenfer.
Sir William Bremingh»mwas««a/fifortreafon.
r» -T- Ddvies.

O Tyburn, coud'ft thou mtin and difpute,
Coud'ft Ihojj but judge as well as execaie.
How often wou'dlV thou change the felon's doom.
And trufs fome ftern chief juftice in bis room !

DryJrn,

.4. To put to death ; to kill.

The treacherous Faltolfe wounds my peace.
Whom with my bare fids I would execute.
If I now had him. Shokefpeare's Henry VI.

To E'xECUTB. ^, ». To perform the pro-
per office.

The cannon againll St. Stephen's gate execultJ
10 well, that the portcullis and gale were biuken,
and entry opened into the city. Sir. J. Haywa'rj. '.
Ex t'c u T ER. ». /. [from execute.]
.J. He that performs or executes any tiling.

My fweet miftrefs
Weeps when (he fees me work, and favj fuch bafenefs
. Had ne'er like execuler. ' .Shake/ fetre.

Sophocles and Euripide?, in their moil beautiful j
- pieces, are impartial «f«/r« of poctick juftice. '
XI • - . Deniih.

2. He that IS intrufted to perform the will
x>f a teftator. In this fenfe the accent is
on the fecond fyllable.

Le['jchnferrcf»/c/-t, and talk nf wills J '
And yet not fo; foe what can v* bcijueatb I Siak.\

3. An executioner; one who puts others to
drath. Difufed.

The fad evM juftice with his furl y hum,

Delireis o'er to ex, r,rer; yale
• The lazy yawning drone. Siakr/frari', ff,^yy\;,
Exe'cuter-^mip.//./. [from e^xecuter.yxhf

ofiice of him that is .ippointed to perform'

thewillofthedefifftrt.

For hlhing for tetbments and ixeeuiorfiip, it is
worte, by how much men fubmu themlelvcs to me in
perfon;, than ii. feivicc Bm^h

Ex«cu'tion,»./. [from <■*«»•»/<..]
■I* Performance ; practice.

■ When tilings are com? ta-i\ii exevtM, th.-r^ i,
BO fccrerv comj,^i*bi< lacsleiit)-, taciM.', M,:.,
. Vol. L ' ^ ' I

EXE

—, I widi no belter,

Tlian have him hold that puipofe, and to put it
, laexecilon. Sbakefp. CorhUnu!.

I like thy counfel ; and how well 1 lilce it,
The execution of it ihall make known. Shake/.

The excellency of the fubjeft contribiited mUch
to the happinefs of the execution. Dryden.

2. The laft aet of the law in civil caufes,
by which pofleffion is given of body or
goods.

_ Sir Richard was committed to the Fleet in execu-
tiui for the whole fix thoufand pounds. ClareiiJan.

J. Capital puniflinient; death inflitled by
forms of law.

Good reft-,
— As WTetches have o'er iiisht.
That wait for tjf«».';"M in the morn. Shakefp.

I have fccu,
When, after rxcctttioa, judgment hath
Repented o'er hii doom. Siake/peare.

Laws fupport ihofe crimes they checkt before.
And executions now atlriglit 110 more. Creech.

4. Deftruftion; flaughter.

Brave Macbeth with his brandifti'd fteel,
Whit-h fmok'd with bloody execution,
Carv'd out his paffage. . , Shakrfpeare.

The execution had been (00 cruel, and far exceed-
ing the bounds of ordinary hoftiiity. H,iyw,irJ.
J. It is ufed with the verb da.

When the tongue is the weapon, a man may
ftrike where he cannot reach, and a word fliall do
execution both further and deeper than the mightielt

•"'^r-. , • sottth.

■ Ships of fuch height and ftirngth, that his veffels
could Ji no execution upoii them. Arbutbnot.

ExEcu'rioNER. n.f. [itam execution.]

1. He that puts in aft, or executes; in this
feiife exeniter is now more ufed.

It is a comfort to the executioners of this office,
when ihcy confider that they cannot be guilty of
opptdfion. ]i^^..„

iTie heart of everj- man was in the hand of God,
and he could have^ made them V-Tccwn'swri of his
wrath one upon another. tV^^J-jLHwdU Nat. liij}.

In this cafe every man hath a right topunilh the

oftendcr, and be the executioner of the law of nature.

tr ' L Locke.

2. He that infiifts capital punilhment; he
that puts to death according to the fen-
tence 6f the law.

He, born of the grcateA blood, fubmitted himfelf
to be the fervant to the executioner that ihould put to
death Mufidorus. . Sidney.

,The deluge waj not lent only it an executioner to
mankind, but its prime errand was to reform the
"ith. IVoodward.

3. He that kills; he that pinrthers.

Is not the caufer of the tiinelefs deaths,
as blameful as the executioner f Shake fh.

1 would not be thy executioner ;
I fly thee, for I woulJnoi iiijurc thee;
Thou teli'ft'me there is murierin miac eyes.
,1.', . . . ■ Sh,il:efpeare.

4. The. inttruincot by which any tluug is
pe'rfofiiied.

All along ■ \
The walls, abominablf ornamenb I
Are topis bf wrath, anvils oftorin'cnts hung,
Fell executioners ol foul intents. Cr^ifl-atu.

Exf'cijtive. adj. \Ut3va. execute.]
ir Having the quality of executing or per-
forming, ■ .

iTbey are ihc nimWefl, agil, (Ironge'ft inftruipcr.ls,
fittelt to be exiiiitive of thee vnimauJi of thcfoult.

.; - ■ , . H.Uc.\

2. Aftive; not dcll&ratlve; not legidative;
having the power to put iiv adt the laws.

■^rhc Homan emperors v.crc pofTcifed of the whole,
legilljtivc as well as rxecnti i-e power. Addifrin. '

H'ibScs, contodiidi ihc rxecui!i--c with thelraiflative!
pov.cr. Uioujih all well isKlitutci ftalqs Ijave ever;
[l?c:d, Ihenim diScrtut haiid*. ' , , Su'ift.

Lxi't c vii\.'",l, 'y;" '[from 'execute] A

EXE

w'bmSn 'intfufted to perform the will of
the teftator.
He did, after the death of the earl, buy of hig

executrix the remnant of the term . Bacon.

Exege'sis. w./. [i'liyijo-i;.] An explanation.
Exege'tical. adj. [i'c^iiyi,-**®-.] Explana-
tory; expofitory.

I have here and there interfperfed fome critical and

KaTC\s. exegetical notes, fit for learners to know, and

not unfit tor fome teachers to read; IValker.

Exe'mplar. n.f. {exemplar, Latin.] A

pattern ; an exan-.ple to be imitated.

The idea ajid exemplar of the world was firft in
^°^- Rateigb.

They began at a known body, a barleycorn, thr
weight whereof is therefore called a grain; vihich
arifeth, being multiplied to fcruples, drachms, ounces,
and pounds, and then thole weights, as iliey happen
to take them, are fixed by authority, and exemplars
bf them publickly kept. Holder.

If he intends to murder his prince, as Cromwell
did, he muft perfuade him that he refolves nothing
but his fafety; as the fame grand exemplar hypocrify
didbefore. So^/,^

Bell poet ! ktrxemplar fgr tfie tribe
Of Phffibus. Philip,.

Exe'mplarilv. ad-v. [from exemplary.]

1. In fuch a manner as deferves imitation.
She K exemplary loyal in a high exaft obedience.

Hov/el.

2. In fuch a manner as may warn others.

Some he punilheth excmplarily in this world, that
we might from thence have a talte or glimnfe of his
future juftice. Haketvill.

It he had (liut the commons houfe, whiilt their
champions were excmplarily puniihed, their juriS
diftiou would probably in a Ihort time have been
brought within due limits. Clarendon.

Exfi'MPLARiNESS. n.f. \jitoxa exemplary .\
State of Handing as a patterf) to be copied.

In Scripture we find fevcral titl&s given to ChrifV,

which import his exemplarine/s as of a prince and a

captain, a mailer and a guide. 7illotfoH.

Exb'mplary. adj . [hom exemplar.]

I. Such as maydeferve to be propofed to

imitation, whether perfons or things.

The archbifhops and bifhops have the government
of the church : be not you the means to prefer any to
thofe places, but only for their learning, gravity, and
worth : their lives and dodltines ought to be exem~
P^'^'y- . , :. Baun.

It all thefe were exemplary in the conduit of
their lives, religion would receive a mighty cncou,
ragctnent. _ S-u.:}/!^

z. Such as may give warning to others.

Had the tumults been reprcHed hy exemplary iuf.

ticc, I had obtained all that I dcligned. K. Charles.

3. Such as may attraft notice and imitation.

Awaking, therefore, as who long had drcam'd.
Much of my women anil their gods artiam'd.
From lliis abyfs of' (rjrfw^/arv vice
Relblv'd, as time might aid my thought, to rife,

■' ■■ ■' Prior.

When any duty is fallen under a general difufe
and ncgleitt, in fuch a cafe the moft viliUe and r.v. ■
emplary perfurmance is rc<]urred. Rcgers,

Kxrmpljsica'tion. n.f. [from exemflify^\
A co{>y ; a tranfcript.

An iimbafTaJor of Scotland demanded an «i'wi
plijication ai. the articles of peace. Haytuard.

■ A love of vice, as fuch, a delighting Tn litf for its
own fake, I3 in imitation, or rather an exemplifica-
tion, of the malice of the devil. South.
To Exe'mpi.ifv. -v. a. {ixom exemplar.]-
I. To illuilrate by example.

This might be cxemplijied even by heaps of rite»
andcuftoms, now fuperllitious in the greateft part of
the Chriftian world. tijoker.

Our author has exemptijitd his precepts in the very
precepts thcmfelvcs. Spectator.,

A latiremay be «f ffi/Zyfri/ by piftures, charadter'',
and etamjileii. Pipe.

4 '"^ «. To

EXE

«. To tranferihe ; to copy : in the juridical

fenfe, to take an attefted copy.
To EXE'MPT. <v. a. [exempt us, Latin.] To
privilege ; to grant immunity from.
Things done well,
' And with a care txemfi thcmfelves from fear :
Things done without example ill their iifue
Are to be fcar'd> Shekrff.

The religious were not rxempleJ, but fought among
the other fold iers. KruJIii 't Hifi. of the Turki.

Th« emperors ixempted them from all taxes, to
which they fubje£lcd merchants without exception.
Arhuihmt en Cai'itt.

Ex-'mpt. aJ/. [from the verb.}
1. Free by privilege.
, Be it my wrong you are from me exempt i
. But wrong not that wrong with a mere contempt.

Sba.kf/p.

An abbot cannot, without (he confeat of his con-

»eot, fubjctt a monaltery to any, fit>m whofe jurif-

diclion fiich moiiaitcry was extrapteJ, AjUffe.

%. Not fubjed ; not liable to.

£K} not once hope, that thoj can'il tempt
. A fpirit fu refolvcd to tread

\)pan thy throat, and Vive exempt.
From all the nets that thou canti Iprcad. B. yonfin.
No man, not even the moft pawert'ul among the
fonsofmcn is ^x^^r^/ irom the chances of humn/i
life. Atlcrburj.

I The god conftrains the Greek to roam,
A hopelels exile from his native home.
From death alone txempt, Pope't Oiyjfg.

3. Clear ; not included.

His dreadful imprecation hear;
-* *Tis laid on all, not any one exempt, Lee*t Oedipus.

4. Cut off from. Difufed.

Wai not thy father for treafon 'headed \
And by his treafon ltand*tt not thou attainted,
Corrupted and exempt from ancient gentry ? Shak.

Exe'mption. ». /• [from exemptJ] Im-
munity; privilege from evil ; freedom
from impofts orburdenfome employments.

The like exemption hath the writ to enquire of
a man's death, which alio muA he granted freely.

£aeon.

The Roman laws gave particular exemptions to
fuch as built Ihipt or traded in corn. Ariuib/ioi.

Exempti'tious. aJ/. [from exemptus, Lat. ]
Separable ; that which may be taken from
another.

If the motion were loofe or exemptitlous from
matter, I Qould be convinced that it had extenfion
of its own. , More.

7e ExE'NTERATi. «. et. {extntero, Latin ]
To embowel ; to deprive of the entrails.

A toad contains not thofe urinary parts which arc
feund in other animals to avoid that (erous excretion,
which may appear unto any that exenterates or
difleits them. - Brawn.

Ex-entera'tion. »./. [exevteratio, Latin.]
The a^ of taking out the bowels ; em-
bowelling.

Belonnius not only affirms that chamelions feed
on flies, caterpillars, beetles, and other infefts ; but
upon exexieraiioH he found ihefc animals in their
•*lli«. Brotvn.

£xE'qj;iAL. ailj. [from exeattitt, Latin.]
Funeral; relating to funerals. Dia.

E'xFQuiEs. »./. without a lingular. \ex-
tquite, Latin.] Funeral rites; the cere-
inody of burial ; the proceflion of burial.
For this word ohfequiet is often ufcd, but
not fo propcrjy.

l<t's not forget
The noble Duke of Bedford late deceas'd.
But fee his exequies fulfill'd in Roan. Shake/.

The tragical end of the two brothers, whofe »-
<y<w(j the next fucceObr had leifure to perform.

Dryden.

JEXF/RCBNT, aJj. [exercens, Latin. ] I'rac-

tifmgj following any calling Of vocation.

EXE

The judge may oblige every exertent ijvoeate to
give his patronage and affiftance onto a litigant in
diftrefs for want of an advocate. Ajl.

E'XERCISK. «./. {exercitiusn, Larin.]
1. Labour of the body; labour confidered
as conducive to the cure or prevention
of difeafes.

Men ought to beware that they ufe not rxn-fZ/i;
and a fpare diet both; but if much exerci/e, a plen-
tiful diet; if fparing diet, little «er«/f. Bacon.

The wife for cure on exercije depend :
God never made his work for man to mend. Dryd.

He is exaA in prefciibing the exercifes of bis
patients, ordering fome of them to walk eighty ftadia
in a day, which is about nine Eiiglilh miles.

Ariulbnol on Coins,

The pureft exerdfe of health.
The kind refrelher of the Summer heats, tbomfon.

I" z. Something done for amufement.
As a watchful king, he would not negleft hii
fafety, thinking nevcrthelefs to perform all things
rather as an exercife than as a labour. Bacon.

3. Habitual aftion by which the body is
formed to gracefulnefs, air, and gentle-
nefs.

He was ftrong of body, and fo much the ftronger
as he, by a well-difcipliued exercije, taught it both
to do and to fuffer. Sidney.

The French apply thcmfelves mort unirerfally ta
their exercijcs than any nation : one feldom fees a
young gentleman that does not fence, dance, and ride.

AJdifon.

4. Preparatory pradlice in order to Ik ill ;
as, the exerci/e of foldicrs.

5. Ufe ; atSual application of any thing.
The fceptre of fpiritual regimen over us in this

prefent world, is at thelength to be yielded up into
the hands of the Father which gave i'tj that is, the
ufe and exerci/e thereof (hall ceafc, there being no
longer on earth any militant church to govern.

Hooker.

6. Praflice; outward performance.

Lewis relufed even thofe of the church of Eng-
land, who followed their mailer to St. Cjermain's,
the pub!ick«erf;//'of their religion. Addi/an.

7. Employment frequently repeated.

The learning of the fituations and boundaries of
kingdoms, being only an excici/e of the eyes and
memory, a child with pleafure will learn them.

Locke.

Children, by the exerci/e of their fenfes about ob-
jefls that atfea them in the womb, receive fome few
ideas before they are b»rn. Locke.

Exerci/e is very alluring and entertaining to the
underllanding, while its reafaning powers are em-
ployed without labour. Watts.

8. Talk; that which one is appointed to
perform.

Patience is more oft the exerci/e
Of faints, the trial of their fortitude
Making them each his own deliverer.
And viilor oi*r all
That tyranny or fortune can infliA. Milton.

9. Aft of divine worihip, whether publick
or private.

Good fir John,
I'm in your debt fcTr your \z^ exerci/e ;
Come the next Sabbath, and I will content you.

Sbake/p.
To E'xERCiSE. -v. a, \exerceo, Latin.]
I. To employ ; to engage in employment.

This faculty of the mind, when it is exerci/ed
immediately about things, is called judgement.

L»ekc.

z. To train by ufe to any a<S.

The Roman tongue was the ftudy of their youth :
it was their own langu^^e they vein, inltruded and
exer(i/ed\n. Locke.

3. To make Ikiiful or dexterous by practice ;
to habituate.

Sttong meat belongcth (o them who, hy rlafsn of
ufe, have tJieix feiilij cxcrii/ed to difcern both good
and evil, lUir.

EXE

Reafon, by itt own penetration, where it U ftrall(
and exerci/ed, ufually fees quicker and clearer with-
out fyllogifm, l^cke.

And now the goddefs, exercit'd in ill.
Who watch 'd an hour to work her impious will,
Afcends the roof. Dryden't Mh,

4. To bufy ; to keep bufy.

He will exerci/e himfelf with pleafure, and witli-
out wearinefs, in that godlike employment of doing
good. Attertmy.

5. To talk; to keep employed as a penal
injunction.

Sore travel hath God given to the (bnsof man, ta
be exerci/ed therewith. Etcl, i. IJ,

Where pain of unextinguilkaHe fire
Muft exerci/e a% without hope of end. MiltM,

6. To pradife ; to perform.
A man's body is confined to a place; wbcK

friendlhip is, all offices are granted to him and hi]
deputy : for he may exerci/e them by his friend.

Bacon's EJ/ays,
Age's chief arts, and arms, are to grow wife ;
Virtue to know, and, known, to exerci/e. Denbam,

7. To exert ; to put in ufe.

The princes of the Gentiles exerci/e dominion
over them, and they that are great exerci/e authority
upon them. Mait. xi.

Their confcieaoes oblige t m to fubmit to that
dominion which tUeix governors had a right to ex~
erci/e over them. Lotke.

8. To pradice or nfc in order to habitual
flcill.

To you fuch fcabb'd harih fruit is given, as raw
Young foldiers at their exerciftngs gnaw. Dryden,.

Mean while I'll draw up my Numidian troop
Within the f(]uare, to fJrtrci/i their arms. Addi/on,

To E'xEReiSE. v. n. To ufe exer<:ife ; to.

labour for health or for amufement.

The Lacedemonians were remarkable for the
fport, and Alexander the Great frequently exerci/ed
at it. Broome.

E'x E R c 1 s ER. w. /. [from exerd/i.[ Ho

.that direfts or ufes exercife. £>/<?.

Exercita'tion. v./, [exereifatte, Latin.]

1. Exercife.

It were fome extenuation of the curfe, if in /»•
dore vultus tui were confiiiable unto corporeal exrr.
cittitions, Brnu*.

2. Praftife; nfc.

By frequent exercitutlons wt form them within utt

t'ellen.

To EXERT. i». a. [exero, Latin.]

1. To ufe with an effort; to ufe with ar-
dour and vehemence.

When the fervice of Britain requires your courage
and condutt, you may exert them both. Drydem,

Whate'er I am, each faculty
The utmofi power of m-j exerted foul,
Preferves a being only for your fervice. Jleieie,

2. To put forth to perform.

When the will has exerted an aft of commaid
upon any faculty of the foul, or member of the body,
it lias done all that the whole roan, as a moral
agent, can do for the adlual exercife or employment
ol fuch a faculty or member. Stutb.

3. To enforce ; to pufh to an effort. VN'ith
the reciprocal pronoun.

Strong virtue, like ftrong nature; ftruggles (Wl ;
£.v«7i itfelf; aiyi then throws off the ill. Dryden.

4. To bring out.

The fcvcr.il parts lay hidden in the piece,
Th' occa6on but excited that or this. Dryden.

5. To emit; to pulh out.; to put forth.

The orchard loves to wave
With winter winds, before the gems ixert
Their feeble heads. Phlliplm

The ftars, no longer overlaid with weight
Exert their heads from underneath the mafs.
And upward Ihoot, .ind kindle as they pafs.
And with diffufive light adorn the heavenly place.

Dryden.

Exe'rtion. n.f, [from txert.^ The aft
of exerting ; cfibrt,

£xe'iion.

E X H

Etfsjon, «f, /. [(xe/us, Latin.] The aifl
of eating through.

Theophrallus denied the exejion or forcing of
vipers througli the belly of the dam. Brotvn.

ExESTt;A'TioN. »./. [c.vtf^aa, Latin.] The
ftatc of boiling; tumultuous heat; ef-
fervefcence ; ebullition.

Saltpetre is in operation a cold body : phvficians
and chymirts give it in fevers, to allay the inward
fxrjluaiiont of the blood and humours. Boyle.

fo Exfo'liate. t, «. [fx and folium,
Latin.] To (hell off; feparate, as a cor-
rupt bone from the found part. A term
of chirurgery.

Our work went on ruccefsfullv, the bone exfi-
Ujiing from the edges. U'ifeman's Surgery.

Exfolia'tion, »./. [from *.r/»/y<j//.] The
procefs by, which the corrupted part of
the bone feparates from the found.

K the bone be dreftd, the flelh will foon arife in
that tut of the bor.e, and malcc fxfdiatUK of what
is necefTary, and iocarn it. H^ifman'i Surgery.

Exfol'jative. aiy, \ixoityxf!>liate.'\ '1 hat
which has the power of fvocuring exfo-
liation.

Drcfs the bone with the milder exfiHativet, 'till
iKc burnt boue is caft off. H'iftman's Surgery.

Exha'lable. adj. [from exhale.'\ That
which may be evaporated or exhaled.

The fire may refolve fome of the more fpirituotis
and fxhalaile parts, whereof diltiUation has thcwa
me that alabalier it not deltituie, iuto vapours.

ExftALA'TioN. ». / [txbalaiio, Latin.]
f. The aft of exhaling or fending out In

vapours; eraifiion.
B. The flate of evaporating or flying out

in vapours; evaporation.
3, That which rifes in vapours, and fome-

times takes the form of meteors.

No nat'ral exhalatim in the (kf,
Ko'fcapeof nature, nodillemper'd day^
But they would pluck away its natural caule.
And call them metcori, prodigies, and ligns.

Shaief^eare.

Moving in fo high a fphere, and with fo vigorous
t lultrr, h« muft needs, at the fijn, raife many envious
exbalationt \ which, condenfed by a popular odium,
■re capable to call a cloud upon the brighteft merit
and integrity. XixgCburlet.

A fabrlck huge
Rofe like an exiaUiim, with the found
Of dulcet fymphonies and voices fweeL Milton.

It is no wonder if the earth be often (haken,
there being quantities of exhaUiiom within thofe
mines, or cavernous pafTages, that are capable of
rarefadtion and inflammation. Burn.

The growing low'islike exbalmims rife.
And the huge columns heave into the Ikies. Poft.
To EXHA'LE. -v. a. \exhah, Latin.]
». To fend or draw out in vapours or
fumes.

Yon light if not daylight, I know it well :
It is fome meteor that the Am exhales,
'I'o be 10 thee this night a torch-bearer. Sbakefp,

1 flattered myfelt with the hopes that the va|).)ur
bad been exhaled. 'Temfte,

Fear frceus minds) but love, likeheat>
Exhales the foul fublimc to leek her native feat.

Dryden.

2. To draw out.

See, dead Henry's wounds

Open their congcal'd mouths, and bleed afrelh !

Biufh, bIu(h,thou lump ot foul defurniity ;

For 'tis Ihyprefence that«ia/rj this blood

From cold aod empty Teins, where no blood dwells !
«, Shakrjprure.

Exha'limest. »./. [from txhali,\ Mat-
ter exhaled ; vapour.

Nor will polifhed amber, although it fend forth a
frofj and corporal exbalrmcnl, he found a long time
iticaive upgirthe eXaCleft fcilcj, Bniun.

EX H

To EXHAUST. t>. a.

1 . To drain ; to diminifh ; to deprive by
draining.

Single men be many tiraaf more charitable, be
caufe their means are lefs exhaujltd. Bacon.

Spermatick matter of a vilious fort abounds in tl;e
blood, exbauJIs it of its bell fpitits, and drives tl'.e
flower of it to the feminal velfels, IVifeman.

2 . To draw out totally ; to draw 'till no-
thing is left.

Though the knowledge they have left us be worth
our ftudy, yet they exhaujled not all its treafures :
they left a great deal fdr the induHry and fagacity of
after-ages, Locke.

The nurftling grove
Seems fair awhile, cherifti'd with fbller earth ;
But when the alien compoft is exbaujt,
I Its native poverty again prevails. Philips.

Exha'ustion. ». /. \{xomexhaufi.^ The

aft of drawing or draining.
Exha'ustless. adj. Sixam exhauji.'\ Not
to be emptied ; not to be all drawn off;
incxhauftibie.

Of heat and light, what everduring ttaxa
Brought from ihe fun's exhaujilefs yAitn Ihores,
Through gulphs immenfc of intervening air,
Enrich the earth, and every lofs repair. Blackmtsre,

To EXHl'BIT. 'V. a. [exhibio, Latin.]

1 . To offer to view or nfe ; to offer or
propofe in a formal or publick manner.

If any claim redrefs of injuAice, they Ihould
txbibit their petitions in the ftreet. Sbakefp.

He fuffertd his attorney-general to exiiiil a charge
of high treafon againll the earl. Clarendon.

2. To fhow ; to difplay.

One of an unfortunate conftitution is perpetually
txbikiiing a nuferablc example of the weakncfs of
mind and body. Pcfe.

Exhi'biter. n. /,\Jxoxxiexhiliit.'] He that
offers any thing, as a petition or charge,
in a publick manner.

He fcems indifferent.
Or rather fw.iying more upon our part.
Than cherilhiiig ih' exhibiiers agamtl us, Siak.

ExhiTbi'tioH, ft./. [fxoxl\ exMit.]

1. The aft of exhibiting; difplay; fetting
forth.

What are alt mechanick works, but the fenfibic
txhibitiott oi mathematick demoDllrations ! Grtiv.

2. Allowance; falary; penfion : it is much
ufed-for penfions allowed to fcholars at
the univerfity.

I crave fit difpofilion for my wife.
Due preference o! f\.v:t aod exMilioit,
As levels with her breeding, Sbakefp.

What maintenance he from his friends receives.
Like exhiiitlen thou flialt have from me. Shake/.

All was afligncd to the army and garrifons there,
and ihe received only a penfion or ixkiiiiian out ol
his coffers. Bacon,

He is now ncglefled, and driven to lite in exile
upon a fmall exbibitic/n. Swft..

3. Payment; recompcnce.

I would not do fuch a thing for gowns, petticoats,
nor caps, nor any petty exhiiitlon. Sbakefp,

Exhi'bitive. adj. [ixoTXi exhibit.] Reprc-
fentative ; difplaying.

Truths muft h.>ve an eternal exiilence in fome
underftandingj or rather, they ate tlie fame with
that undcrftanding itfcif, confidcred as varioully ex-
bibifive or rcpnfentMyr, according to various modes
of in'mitabiiiiy or participation. Norris.

To EXHl'LARATE. -v. a. \exkiIaro, Latin.]

To make cheerful; to cheer; tb fill with

mirth; to enliven ; to glad; to gladden.

The coming into a fair garden, the coming into a

fair room richly furnilhed, a beautiful peifon, and

the like, do delight, and exhilaraie the fpirits much.

Bacon's NalHrni ilijiory.

The force of that fallacious fruit.

That wiih exbilaraiing vafouri blaal

E X t

Ahout their /piritt had play'tf, and mmolt pow'ra
Made err, was now exhal'd. ' MilUHi

Let them thank
Boon nature, that thus annually fupplies
Their vaults, and with her former liquid giftt
Exhilarates their languid minds, within
^ The golden mean confin'd. Philips,

Exhilara'tion. n./. {fxoxa exMarate, J

1 . The aft of giving gaiety.

2. The ftate of being enlivened.

Exhilaration hath fdfce affinity with joy, though
it be a much lighter motion. Bacof

To EXHO'RT. -v. a. [exhoriar, Latin.] i o
incite by words to any good aftion.

We befeech you, and exhort you by the Lord
Jefus, that as ye have received of ut, how you ought
to walk, fo ye would abound. Tl'ejf.

My duty is \o exhort you to confider the dignity
of that holy myftery. Common Prayer.

Defigniag or exhorting glorious war. Milton,

Exhorta'tion. tt. f. [hoxn exhort.]

1. The adl of exhorting; incitement to
good.

If we will not encourage publick beneficence,
'till we are fecure that no ftorm (hall overturn what
we help to build, there is no room for exhortations
to charity. Atlcrhiiry.

2, The form of words by which one is ex«
horted,

I'll end my exhorlatioil after dinner, Sbakefp,
Exho'r-T ATORY. adj, {from exbort.] Tend-
ing to exhort.
Exho'rter, n. /, [{xom exhort.] One who

exhorts or encourages by words.
To EXl'CCATE. V. a. [ex/!cco,Laun.] To
dry ; to dry up. Z>/V9,

Exicca'tio.n. «.y; [Jxom fxi£at(.] A re-
faftion ; aft of drying up ; ftate of being
dried up.

What IS more eafily refuted than that old vulgar
alTcrtion of an univcrfal drought and exiccalioa of
the earth? As if the fun could evaporate the Jeaft
drop of its moilturc, fo th.it it Ihould never dcfcend
again, but be attraiAed and elevated quite out ot.tha
atmofphcre. Benlley^

Exi'cCATiVE.Oi//. \^XQ,xxivxicciitf.\^ Drying

in quality; having the power of dryino;.
E'xiGENCE. "1 «. /. [This word is proba-
E'xiGENCv. J bly only a corruption of
exigents, vitiated by an unikilful pronun-
ciation.]

1. Demand; want; need.

As men, wc are at our own choice, both for time
and place and form, according to the exigence of
our own occafions in private. Ild6ker.

You have heard v. hat the prefent condition and
exigencies of tliefe f'.vcral charities are. Atterb'ury.

While our fortur.cs exceed not the nieafure ot real
convenience, and are adapted to the exigriicii^ of
our iHtion, we perceive the hand of KiOviJenif in
our gradual and fuccelTive fupplies. R ,',ers.

2, Prefflng, neceffity; diftrefs; fudden or-
calion.

Thij dilTimulatioii in war may be Called rtr-itagew
and condudlj in other ct-g^ncies addrefi and dci.
te.ity. Broime.

Now in fuch exigencies not to ncedj
Up m my word you muft be rich indeed I
A noble fuperlluity it cra\'cs.
Not for yourfelf, but for your fools and knaves.

PlM,

E'xiOBNT. w./. \exigevs,\M\x\.]
t. Prcding bufincfs; occafion that requ'"-»
immediate help.

In futh an cyigint I fee not how they could h.^*
ftaid to deliberate about- any other regimetir lh»n
that which already was devifcd to their hands.

Hook.-r, Preface.

The council met, your guards (o fi.nd you lent,.
And know yoir pleafure in tiiis exigent. , H'ajl^ r.

2. [A li^w term,] A writ fuqd when the
4X1 defendant

E\ I

defendant is not to be found, being part
■ of the procefs leading to an outlawry.
Shaie/jteare ufes it for any extremity.

Hanmtr.
3. End.

Thcfe eyes, like lamps whofc wafting oil is fpent,
Wax dim, as drawing to their exigent. Shakejpt

ExiGu'iTY. «./. [exiguitas, Latin.] Small-
nefs ; diminutivenefs ; Ilendernefs.

The ex.'^uiiy and Ihape of tlie ettant particles is
nowfupjM^Ied. Boyle &» Citlours.

Exi'guous. adj. [e.vfgum, Latin.J Small;
diminutive ; little. Not ufed.

Their Tubtilc pads and txig'Mus dofe are confumcd
and evaporated in lei's than two hours time.

Harvey.
E'XILE. «. /. [exiliiim, Latin.] It feems
anciently to have had the accent indif-
ferently on either fyllable: now it ii
uniformly on the firft.J
I. Banilhment; ftate of being banifhed
from one's country.

Our Itate of bodies would bewray what life
We've led fince thy exile. Shakefp,

V/e\comc is exi/e, welcoine were my death.

Shakefp.
Let them pronounce the fte?p Tarpeian death, •
Vagabond exile, flaying, pent to linger,
But with a grain ot day, 1 would not buy
Their mercy at the price of one fair word. Shaiefp,

3. The perfon banifhed.

O muft the wretched (•jr/Av evermourn^
' Nor after length of rowling years return ? Dryden.

Uiyfles, fole of all tiie viftor triin,
, An exile from his dear paternal coalV,

Deplor'd his abfent queen, and empire loft. Fopr.
X'xiLE. <j<^'. ffr/Z/V, Latin.] Small; flen-
der; not full; not powerful. Not in
ufe, except in philofophical writings.

Jt were good to enquire what means may be to
draw forth the exile heat which is in tTie air: for
that may be a fectet of great powej- ta produce cold
weather. Baton.

In a vii^inal,' when the lid is down, it maketli a
more exiU fbttnd than when the lid is open. Baeon,

5e E'xiLE. T. a. [from the noun. This
had formerly the accent on the laft fyl-
lable, now generally on the firft, though
Drydetu has ufed both.] To banifh ; to
drive front a country ; to tranfport.

Call home our txil'd friends abroad.
That fled the fnatcs of watchful tjranny. Shakefp.

Foul lubordination is predominant*

And equity exil'd your highucfs' land. Shakefp.

For t*lat offence, '

Immediately we do exile him hence. Shakefp.

They, fettered with the bonds of a long night,

lay there exiled from the eternal Providence.

Ityd. xvii. 2.
His brutal manners from his breait exil'd,
Mil mien he fafliion'd, and bis tongue he hi'd,

' ' DfyJeft^

Arms and the man I fing, who forc'd by fate,

And haughty Junn'» unrelenting hate, "

K;tpcl'd andfjr/W. Dry/fen.

Eiti'LEMENT. n.j,\itQmtxilf.'\ Banilh-

ment. < <

Ktzcfborn was difcardcd into foreign feivice for a
pretty ftjadow of exiUment. kVotlon!

Exili'tton. n. J. [exilith, Latin.] The
aft of fpringingor rufliiog out fuddcnly,

From faltpetre proceedeth the force and report of
fuupowder: for fulphur aod f'nall-coal mixt, will
KO! take lire with t»ife or exbitiiiort;, aad powder,
which is made of impuje mi grcafy peirc, hath
but a weak cminion„and givtibut a faint report.

if? OU'tt.

Exi'litv. ». /. [«*/«,. Ijitin.] Sknder-
jiefs; fmalliicfs ; diminution.

Certain Hies, called epl'cmcia, live but a d.iy :
tbecaufe is the exility oi the fpirit, or ptrh^ips th:
iibfciKt of the fun, B.teM.

For rtW/y'of the voice, or other founds, it isf
certaiti that the voice doth pafs through folid and I
hard bodies, if they be not too thick; and through I
water, which is likfwife a very dofe body, und fuch
an one as lettcth not in air. Bacon.

A body, by being fubtilized, can lofe iwthing ot
its corjioreity; neither can it hereby gain any tiling
but ixiliiy; for all degrees of fubtility are elTentially
the fame thing. Grnv,

Exi'mious. fl<^'. [<jf;V»/w, Latin.] Famous;

eminent ; confpicuous ; excellent. Diil.
ExiN ani'tion. n, /, \exinanhio, Latin.]

Privation ; lofs. ■ . "

He is not more impoteiit iiiliSsllot^ thaii he was

in his*vv/«tfW//o;:, D^cay of Piety.

To EXrST. 1/. Jt. {exiflo, Latin.] ' To be ;
to have a being.

It is eafy to conceiTC that an Almighty Power
might produce a thing out of nothing, andr make
xh.it to exiji de novo, which did not r*.^ bclore ; a^
to conceive the world to have had no beginning, bjt
to have cxifled from eternity. So«tb.

It feems reafonable lo cnquife, how fuch a mil-
titude comes to make but one idea,' fince that com-
binatiou does not always cxifl together in nature.

Locke.
One year is pad, a different fcenel
No farther mention of the dean :
Who now, alas, no more Is raiil
Than if he never did cxifi. Svcnft.

Exi'stenCe. \n-f \exiftentia, low Latin.]
Exi'sTENCY. / State of being; aftual
poffelTiort of being.

Nor is only the exijlcncy of this animal coAfi-
derable, but many things delivered thereof. Bro-wn.

It is impoffible any being can be eternal with
fuccclEve eternal, pliylical chinges, or variety of
ftatcs or manner of cxifiency naturally and necef-
faiily concomitant unto It. ■• ' ' Hale.

The foul, Iccur'd in her exifjence, fmiles
At the drawn dagger, and deh.es its point. Addifon.

When a being is confideted as pollible, it is laid
to have an ed'cRce or nature: fuch were alj things
before the creation., \Vheh it is confidered as aflual,
then it is faid tphave w/y/i-ncealfo. IValU.

Ext'sTEjfT. c/^'. [from <^.] Having be-
ing; in pofleliionof being or of exigence.
W.hatfoever tign the fun polTelVed, whofe recels or
vicinity derineih the quarters of the year, th'ofe
feafons were a*5fually r.r///V///. Brovi'n.

The eyes and minds are ' fattened on objects
which have no real being, as if they were truly
exijleni. ; : ; Dryden,

Existim.^'tion. tt.f. \exiftmatio, Latin.]

1. Opinion. '

2. Erteem.

E'xiT. It./, [exit, Latin.]

1 . '1 he term fct in the margin of plays to
mark, the time at which the plajer goes
off the ftagc.

2. Reccfs; departure; aft ■ of quitting the
ftagc; aft of quitting the theatrd'ot life.

All the world's a llage, '
And all the men and women mcci-ly players :
They have their exttt and their enitances,
' Aaid ore mail in his time flays many paru. £hak.
A regard tor fame becomes a man more towards
tlie exit than at his c;iira,-ice into lite, , S-.t.ifi.

Manyof your old comrades live a Ihort life, and
make a figure at their c»V. • Svi/},

3 . PaflTagc out of any place.

In fuch a pcrvjcius fubllaficc as the brain, they
might Cnd ^n eafy eiltidt (otr^t^e fft exit, almoif
every where. • 1 : ' ' C^/j;^.ii'/^_

4. Way by which tncre is a paflHge out.

The lire rnakes iis way, forcing the water forth
ihcough its Ordinary i-ar(/.t, wcUsj and the ojtlcis of
rivers. If-'eodit'tird.

Exi'tiai.. '\ifdj. [txT/m/t'r, LaK] Deftruc-
Exi'rious. J tive; fatal; mortal; dele-
terious. Not in ufe.
Myiil txiiiai Cevcrt>. altlioit^h not concomitaKd

EX O

with the tokens, exantliemaiai anthracci, or oM

buncles, are to be cenfured pcllilential. Harvey.

E'xoDus, In. /. [«4«^.] Departure;
E'xoDi. J journey from a place; the

fecond book of Mofes is fo called, be-;

caufe it defcribes the journey of the

Ifraelites from Egypt.
In all probability liieir years continued to be

three hundred and fixty-five days, ever fince t'ls

time of the Jewifti exodi at leatt. Hale,

Exoi.e'te. adj. [exoletus, Latin.] Obfolete.j

out of ufe. Diif.

To Exo'lve. 'V. a, [ixol'va, Latin.] To

loofe ; to pay. DUI.

Exolu'tion. »./. [«o//rfK>, Latin.] Laxa-

tion of the nerves.
Contidering the exolution and languor enfuing that

a<5iioD ia fomc, we cannot but think it much

abridgeth our days. Bro^vn'i Vulg. Err.

Exo'MrHA'Los. n.f. [«| and of<«fi«A®-.] A

navel rupture.
To EXO'NERATE. -v. a. [exontro. Latin.]

To unload ;^d difburthen ; to free from

any heavy ^H^e.

The glands being a congeries of veCels curled,
circumgirated, and complicated, give the blood time
to feparate through the capillary velTels into the
fecretory ones, wliich alter«-aids all exonerate cliem/^
fclves into one common ductus. Rjiy*

Exonera'tion. 71./. [from exotitrate,'\ The
aft of dift)urthening, or difcharging..

The body is adapted unto eating, drinking, nu-
tri^op, and othfr way» of repletion and exoneration,

Ex'opt;Able. adj. [(•A-o//(7i///'>, Latin.] Da.
fireable; to be fought with eagernefs or
defire, j

E'xoRABLE. adj. [exttrabili!-, Latin.] Tabc
moved by intreaty.

Exo'rbltance. ) ». /. [from exorbitdttce,

Exo'rbita.ncy. J Fr.] 1

1 . The aft of going out of the traft prc-
fcribed. .

2. Enormity; grofs deviation from rule ot
right.

I fee feme of this fault ctMve to thofe, who have
eminently correfled all tthtt *xoruilancies of the
tongue. • Gtrt'. Tongue,

"The rewrcnce of my prefence may be a curt* ta
your exorbitanciet. ' ' Vryden's Spanfjh Ftyar.

The people were giofly impofed on, to commit
fuch exiriitanties as could not end but in the dilfo.
lution of the government. ilvifi»

3. Boundlefs depravity.

They riot iVill,
TJnbounded in exarkilance of ill. Garth.

Exo'reiitant. adj. [ex and oriito, Latifi.]
1. Going out of the prefcribed track.
z. Deviating frgin the courfe appointed or
rule eftablilhed.

Wihat fignifies the.fia(on of the tortoife riding
upon the wings of the wind, but toprelcribe botin^s
and tBcjfures loour ex«)^Va<.'f pallious! U£/irayrge,.
Thefe phenomena are not peculiar to earthquakes
in our times, bat have been oblerved in all ages, a.nd
particularly thofe exoraitani commotions of the wa-
ters of theglobe. ... a ■ H'aidward's Nat. Hifi,

3. Aiwmalous ; not comprehended in a fet-
tled rule or method. ■' ' ■

The J>»s, wlto had laws fcr ■particularly .deter-
mining in all affairs what to do, were notwiili-
ftandirig continually Inuied with caufes exorbitant,
and fuch IS their laws had not provided for. Hooker.

4. Enormous ; beyond due proportion ;. cx-
cedive^ ;

Tiicir fubjeft* would live in great pkoty, were
not the impolitions fo very rtcoiiiiant ; tor the courtj
arc too fj'lenJid lor the territories. . Add.fcn,

Sa cuiUcfs and tx'orbiiaal are the dcfircs of men,

tkut

E X O

rtat they will grifjp at all, andean form no fdieme
of pcrfci^hiopincfs with lefs. ■ Stiifi.

9^0 Exo'rbiS^te. f. ». [i-r and orb:to.

'' Latin.] To devial- ; to go out of the
track or road prefcribcd.

The plaD£ts fomelimes would have approached

• tlie fun as near as the o:b of Mercury, and I'ome-
times have exirhitatcd beyond the dilUuce of Saturn.

To E'XORCTSE. -v. a. Sjl-t^^x-l

1 . To adjaje by fome holy name.

2. To drive a'vay fpirits by certain- forms
of adjuration.

f . To pnrify from the infloence of malig-
nant fpirits by religious ceremonies.

And fr) 'rj, that through the wealthy regions run,
Rcfort to farmers rich, and blcfs their halU,

* And exorcije the beds, and crofs the wails. Dtyd
E'x o R CI s £ R . ?/./. [ from exorci/e. ] One who

praftifcs to drive away evil fpirits.
E'xuLcisM. tt.f. [ijMjuir/x.®-.] The form
of adjuration, or religious ceremony by
v^'hichevil and malignant fpirits are driven
away.

VVJlhls lordOiip behold and hear our exorcifmi f

Shakcjpeari,
Symptoms fupematural, mud be only curable by

* fupematural means; namely, by devout prayers or

• exorcifmi Harvry,
E'XORCIST. n./. ri|»»xi«T!«.]

I. One who by adjurations, prayers, or re-

■ Jigioos afls, drives away malignant fpirits.

Then certain of the vagabond Jews, txorcijit,

took upon them to call over them which had evil

fpirits. Ant, xii. 13.

a. An enchanter ; a conjuror. Improperly,

Soul of Rome !
Thou, like an exsrfi^, had conjur'd up
, My mortified fpirit. Shakef peart* s Julius Cafar,

Is there no exurcifl
Sejuites the truer oSice of mine eyes ?
Is't real that I fee ? Shakefptart.

EXO'RDIUM. «. /. [Latin.] A formal
preface ; the proemial part of a compo-
fition.

Nor will I thee detain
With poets fiftions, nor opprefs thine ear
With circumllance, and long rxor<//v«ir here

May's ItrgU.
1 have been dlftafttd at this way of writing, by
■- feafofvof long prefaces and txordlumK jiddi/trt,

Exorna'tion. «,/. \_excr;ratio,LiUn.'^ Or-
nament; decoration; embelli(hment.

It feemeth that all thofe curioiu exornalitnt
ihouid rather ceafe. Hcricr.

Hjperbolical exornatkia and elegancies many
much iiM. Hale.

Exo'ssATED. adj. [exoj/etus, Latin.] De-
prived of bones. — Diet.
ExosTo'su. ». /. [« and or*".] Any pro-
' tuberance of a bone that h not natural,
as often happens in venereal cates.

Kxo'ssEous. ai/J. \fx and ojfa, Latin.]
Wanting bones ; bonelcfs ; tbrnied with-
out bones.

Thus we dally obferve in the heads of fifhes» as
alfo in fnails and foft cxt,Jfniii aniinaU, nature near
the head hath placed a Sat white Hone, or teftaceou-.
concretion. Brc-an

Exo'ncK. adj. ['i|«TiKo,.] Foreign ;. not
produced in our owa country ;. not do-
mcflick.

Some learne* men treat of the nature of letters as

cf fnme remote exctick thing,, whereof we had no

kno'Jrtedje but by fabulous relations. thider.

Continue frelh hotbeds to entertain-fuch .»&.'( k

flaois as arrive not to their petlcftion withoin iheiii.

Evelyn's I^aitndf .

Exo'tick. »./. A fotcign ^laac.

EXP

Claudian was fetted on Uie other fummlti, which
was barren, and produced, on fome fpots, plants that
are unknown toltaly, and fuch as the gardeners call
fXoticks. Addijon'i Guard.

To EXPA'ND. v. a. [fxfando, Latin.]

1. Tofprcad; tolay open as a net oriheet.

2. To dilate; to fpread out every way; to
diffufe.

She ufcth moft the target to fence away the blow,
and leaves all other weapons to the Alchoran to
propagate and expand itfelf. Ihivil.

Bellerophon's horfe, framed of iron, and placed
between two loadilones, with wings expanded^ hung
pendulous in the air. Btcwn.

An aniinal growing, expands its fibres in tlie air
as a fluid. Arbuthnot on Air.

Along the ftream of time thy name
Expanded flies, and gathers all its fame. Pope.

Expa'.nse. n.f. \expanfum, Latin.] A body
widely extended without inequalities.

A murmuring found
Of waten ifliie from a cave, and fpread
Into a liquid plain; then flood uumov'd,
Pure as Ui' expanfeof heav'n. Milton.

Bright as th' ethereal glows the green expanfe.

Savage.
On the fmooth <rAr^*r/> of cryftal lakes,
The finking Hone at tint a circle makes ;
The trembling furface, by the motion ftirr'd,
Spreads in a fecond circle, then a third ;
Wide, and more wide, the floating rings advance.
Fill all the wat'ry plain, and to the margin dance.

Pope.
Expansabi'lity. ». /. [ftom exfanJibU.]
Capacity of extenfion ; poffibility to be
expanded or fpread into a wider furface.

With the rotundity common to the atoms of all
fluids, there is fome diflTerence in bulk, by which the
atoms in one fluid are diflinguilhed from thofe of
another; elfe al) fluids would be alike in weight,
expanjibility, and all other qualities. Grevj.

Expa'nsible. adj. [from M/a»/?//, Latin.]
Capable to be extended ; capable to fpread
into a wider furface.

Bodies are not exp.uijihlt in proportion to their
weight, or to tlie quantity of matter to be expanded.

Grevj.
ExPA'NsroN. n.f. [from expand.']

1 . The ftate of being expanded into a wider
furface or greater fpace.

'Tis deraonflrated that the condenfation and ex-
panfion of any portion of the air is always psopor-
tional to the weight and prclfure incumbent upon ii.

Bentky.

2. The aft of fpread ing ont.

The cafy expanjlon of the wing of a bird, and
the lightnefs, ttrengllt, and Ihapc of the feathers, are
all fitted for her better flight. Grciv.

3. Extent ; fpace to which any thing is ex-
tended.

The capacious mind of man cannot be confined
by the limits of the world : it extends iis thoughts
even beyond the utmotl txfanjvm of matter, and
make incuifioiu into that mcumprehenlible inane.

Loeke.

4. Pure fpace, as diftinft from extenfion in
foltd matter.

Diflance or fpace, in its fimple afaflraifl concep-
tion, 1 call ixpaitjUii, todlftiiiguilh it from exten-
fii>n, which exprcin s this diflancc only as it is in the
fohd parts of matter. Locke,

It woiil.l ioi- ever take an ufrlefs flight,
Lud in etcpaii/fun, void and infinite. Blarkmore

Exp.a'nsivi-. adj. [from M'^a«y.] Having
the power to Ipreadinto a wider furface,
or greater fiiace.

The ^fallick or expanjsve faculty of the air,
^vhrreby it dilates ilfelt when compi died,. bath hn-n
made ufc 01 in the common weather glaffcs. Hay.
'nr fxpanjivi atmolphcrc is cramp'd with cold.

^kumpftn.
Ta EIxpa'tiate. v. »• {expatior, Latin.],

EXP

.1. To range at large; to rove without any
prefcribed limits.

Religion contrads the circle of our pleafures, but

leaves it wide enough for her votaries to expatiate in.

Addifoti's Speilator.

He looks in heav'n with more than mortal eyes.
Bids his free foul expatiate in ihc fkies ;
Amidit her kindred liars familiar roam,
Survey the region, and confefs her home. Pope.

Expatiate free o'er all this fcene of man ;
A mighty maze ! but not without a plan. Papf.

With wonder feiz'd, we view the plealing ground.
And walk delighted, and expatiate round. Pope.

2. To enlarge upon language.

They had a cuftom of ofieiing the tongues to Mer-
cury, becaiife they believed him the giver of elo-'
qucnce : Dacier expatiates upon this cuftom. Z^rocra^.

3. To let loofe; to allow to range. This
fenfe, which is aftive, is very improper.

Make choice of a fubjefl, which, being of itfelf

eapable of all that colours and the elegance of defign

can polTibly give, (liall afterwards afford an ample

field of matter wherein to f A M//.;r< iti'clf. Dryd,

To EXPE'CT. -v. a. \espeao, Latin.]

1. To have a previous apprehenfion of
cither good or evil.

We expeHed
Immediate dilToUition. Mitlox.

Needs mull the ferpent now his capital bruife
ExpeS! with mortal pain. Miltoit,

Good with had
Expefl tohesr, (iipernal grace contending
With finfulnefs of man. Mihm.

Eve, now er/>ei?7 great tidings. Miitm.

2. To wait for ; to attend the coming.

The guards,
By me encamp'd on yonder hill, txpeCt
Their motion. Mi/ton.

While, expedi/Tg there the queen, he rais'd
His wond'ringeyes, and round the temple gaz'd.

Oryden.
To Expe'ct v. n. To wait; to ftay.

ElHiu had expeB.d till Job had fpoken. ' J,i.

Expr.'cTABLE. aJJ. [from «-^fcV.] To be
expeflcd ; to be hoped or ft;ared.

Occult and fpiriiual operations are not expeltailt
from ice ; for being but waier concealed, it can
never make good luch qualities. Bnws,

ExPt'CTANCE. > , rJl. r, 1

ExpE'cTANcy.r--^-t'^°"'"/"'-]
i . The aft or ftate of- expefting ; expefta<»
tion.

Every moment is exfeSaney
Of more arrivance. Sbakefpearc's OibelU. ■

Satyrs leave your petulance,.
Or elfe rail upon the moon.
Your expiSla/ee is too foon ;..
lor beibre the lecond cock
Crow, the gates will not unlock. Ben. yi'i/dn,

Tiiis blclled f j[/it<S'<i/»f f niuft be now my theme.

Boyli^

But fy, my wand'ring mufe, how thou do'il (lay i
Expefiajice calls thee now .mothoa' way, Milt'jn,

2. Something expeftcd. "

There is expe^nnce here from both the fides,
Wlrat further you will doi St>ak//h..

3. Hope; that of which rheexpeftation iifr
accomp^mied with plcafure..

(>li,.what a noble miud is hereo.*erihrowTi !
The txpcSfavcy and rofe of ihc fair ftate. Sltake/h..

EXFE'crjNr..adJ. [\iKndi.] Waiting la
expcftation.

lier noajcfty has offered conjefiioH!, in order to
remove fcrupics raifcd in tine mind of the cxprltant
heir. Stsnft,

ExPh'cTANT. »•. / [from fxpi-^.]. C ne
who waits in cxpett«tion of any thing;
one hcldin dependence by his hopes.

They, vain expeelanls ni the brid;'.l hour,
My llores in-riotous expencedevouc, Popei

This trcarife was agrcc;:ble to the whole nation,.

except thofe who had employments, or ■ ere ex..

peilants.- Hii.ifi to Pope,

ExPEC 1 a'. l.KiN..

EXP

L'lff kcta'iion. »./ [ex/K^atk.Litln.]

1 . 'J he atl of expcfting.

The trees
Should have home men, and exfcUaiioii fainted)
Ix>ngii){ for what it hod not Sbakefp,

The reft,
That are within the note of (xfcBailai,
Already arc i' th' court. Shakeffeart.

'Tis exftcialioH makei a blefling dear. Cm^,

2. The ftatc of expefting either with hope
of fear.

Live in a conftant and feriotu expeHatioH of that
day, when we mullappear before the Judge of heaven
and earth. Rtgcri's Strut.

J. Profpeft of any thing good to come.

My foul, wait thou only upon God j for my ex.
ftltaiioi is from him. Pf. \xi\. 5.

4. The objecl of happy expeftation ; the
MefCah expetted.

Now clear I undcrOand,
What oft my ftcadieft thoughts have fearch'd in vain,
Whyour great txptSalwn (hould be call'd
The Seed of woman. Milton' t faradi/c Loft.

5. A flatc in which fomcthing excellent is
expcfled/rom us.

How 6t it will be for you, bom lb great a prince,
and of fo rare not only expefiation but proof, to
divert your thoughts from the way of goodnefs.

Sidney.
You firltcame home
From travel with fuch hopes as made you look'd on
By alt men's eyes, a youth of expiOatiam j
Plcas'd with your growing virtue 1 receiv'd you.

Otviay.

Expe'cter. »./. [fromt-A-Z^cS".]
I . One who has hopes of fomething.

Thcfc are not ^reat ixpe3trs under your admi-
nillration, according to the period of governors here.

Stoift.

t. One who waits for another.

Signify this loving interview .

To the exptlicrt of our Trojan part, Shatrf.^

To EXPE'CTORATE. 'v. a. [ex zn^ peaus ,\
Latin.] To ejeft from the bread

Excrementitious humours are expeClorated by a'
cough after a cold or an alfhma. Harvey.i

Morbifick matter is either attenuated fo as to be*
returned into the channels, ottxprCtoratrdhy cough-
ing. Aiiulbnot.

Exp EC TOR a't ION. n. /. [ham expeai>ratf.'\

1 . The aft of difcharging from the breaft.

2. That difcharge which is made by cough-
ing, as bringing up phlegm, or any thing
that obftrufts the veflels of the 1
and ftr.iitens the breath.

With water, vineger, and honey, in picurificsand
inflammations of the lungs, hemixcthfpices, for pnv
moling rxptSi.ration. Arbutbniit an Alimints,

Expe'ctorative. adj. [Uom expeiioralf.]
Having the quality of promoting expec-
toration.

Syrups and other «jr^r/?om/«r J, in coughs, muft
ncceffarily nccaflon a greater cough, Harviy,

Expe'dienci. 7 * y rr .J- T

Expe'd.ency. [ '• /• [JVo™'-^/"/'""-]

1. Fitnefs; propriety; fuitablenefs to an
end.

Solemn dedication of things fet apart for EMvinc
Worftiip, could never have been univerfally praififc I,
had not right reafon Jidlated the high expid!f>c\
and great ufc of fuch praAifes. Smb.

2. It is ufed in Shake/peare<Sot expedition ;
adventure ; or attempt.

Lei me hear
What yelfetnighioiir council did decree,
In forwarding th'.5 tlc.tr cxped'unce. Shakff.

3. It is alfo ufcd by Shnhfpeare for expe-
dition; hafte; difpatch.

I (hall break
The caufe of our rxptdiencc to the ^eCBt
And jet iKr learc to part, SbuktJ,

lungs,

EXP

Eight tail (hips, three thourand men «f mr.
Are muring hither with all due txptdhnct,

Shakijp. R. II.
EXPE'DIENT. aJ/. [exfedit, Latin.]

1 . Proper ; fit ; convenient ; fuitahlc.

All things are not exptdirnt ; in things indif-
ferent there is a choice j theji are not always equally
cxpeditr.l. Ihoker.

When men live as if there were no God, it becomes
expiditnl for them that there fhotild be none ; and
then they endeavour to perfuade ihem&lves fo.

Tdhifmi.
3. In Sbakefptare, qwrek ; expeditious.
The adverfe winds
VVhofeleifute I haveltaid, have given him time
To land his legionsall as loon as I :
His marches are txpedhnt to this town. Shdkejp.

Expk'dient n. f. [from the adjeftivc.J
Is That which helps forward, as means to
an end.

God docs not projeft for our fbrrow, but our inno-
cence; and \\ould never have invited us to the one,
but ai an rxpedient to the other. Ditay of Fitly,

2. A Ihift ; means to an end which are
contrived in an exigence, or difficulty.

Th' expedimt pteas'd, where neither loft his right ;
Mars had the day, and Venus had the night.

Dry den.

He flics to a new expedient to folve the matter,

and fuppofes an earth of a make and frame like that

of Des Cartes. Woeitv,

Expe'diently. adj. \{xovc\ expedient, ^

1. Fitly; fuirably ; conveniently.

2. Haftily ; quickly. Not ufed.

Let my officers of fuch a nature
Make an extent upon his houfe and lands :
Do this txptditntly, and turn him going. Sbairfp.
To E'XPLDITE. -v. a. [expedio, Latin.]

1. To facilitate ; to free from impediment.

By (in and death a broad way now is f av'd.
To expedite your glorious march. Milton.

2. To haften ; to quicken.

An inquifiiion would ftill be a further improve-
ment, and would expedite the convetiion of the
Papifts. _ Stvift.

3. To difpatch; to iffuc from a publick
office.

Though fuch charters be expedited of covHc, and
as of right, yet they arc varied by difcretion. Bacon .
E'xPEDlTE. adj. [expedilm, Latin.]

1. Quick; hafty ; foon performed.

VVholefome advice, and expedite execution in
freeing the ftatc of thole monllers. Sandyt,

2. Eafy ; difencumbered ; clear frrnn impe-
diments.

Nature can teach the church but in part; neither
fo fully as is rcquifite for man's falvation, nor fo
eafily as 10 make she way plain and expedite enough,
that m.iny come to the knowledge of it, and fo be
faved, and therefore the Scripture has been given.

Hiikir.

3. Nimble; aftive; agile.

The more any man's foul is cleanfed from fen-
fual lults, the more nimble and expedite it will be in
its operations. Tilhtfont

4. It fecins to be ufed by Bacon for light
armed in the Roman fignification.

He fent the lord chamberlain with expedite fonts
to fpeed to Exeter, to the refcue of the town.

Bacon's Henry VII.

i^'x p F D I T ELY. adj. [from expedite.^ With
quicknefs, readincfs. hafte.

Nature left his ears naked, iliilhemay turn them
moierx/>f</;Vf^ for the reception of founds from every
quarter. Gvnu.

Expedi'tiok. n.f, \Uom ex pedUe.'\

I. Hafte; fpeed; activity.

I'rayers, whcreunlo devout minds have added a
piercing kind of brevity, thereby the belter to ex-
l>refs that quick and fpeedy expedition wherewith
r.rdciit afltdions, the very wings of prayer are de-
lighted to fitfcDt our fuiti in hcavtSa Hnktr,
i

EXP

Ev'n with the fpcedieft expedlllitt
I will difpatch him to the emperor's court, She^,

2. A march or vopgc with martial bten-
tions.

Young Oftavius, and Mark Antony,
Come down upon us with a mighty power.
Bending tfieir expedititn tow'rJs Philippi. Skate/,

Expedi'tious. <7<^'. [from expedile.'X

i. Speedy; quick; foon done : ?is,vc\. ex-
peditious march.

2. Nimble; quick; Avjft ; afting with ce-
lerity: as, an exfiditbus xanntr.

Expedi'tiously. adv. [from expeditious,]
Speedily; nimbly; with celerity.

To EXPE'L. -v. a. [expello, Latin.']

1. To drive out ; to force awaj-.

Tlie Lord your God (hall expel them from befon
you, and drive them fitom outof your light.

yof. xxiii. j%

I may know the let why gentle peace

Should not *x^r/ ihefe inconveniences. Sbakejp,

Suppofe a mighty rock to fall there, it would

expel the waters out of their pUces with fuch rio.

lence as to fling them among the clouds. Burnet,

2. To ejeft ; to throw out.

Whatfoever cannot be digefted by the ftomacb, it
cither put up by vomit, or put down to the guts,
and other parts of the body are moved to expel by
coiifent. Bacon's H»t, Hi^,

The virgin huntrefs was not (low
T' ^;r^r/ the (haft from her contracted bow. Dry J,

3. To banifh; to drive from the place of
relidence.

Arms and the man I (ing, who forc'd by fate.
And haughty Juno's utirelenting hate,
Expel' d and exil'd left the Trojan ihorc. DryJen,

4. To rcjeft ; to refufe.

And would you not poor fellowlhip expetf
Myfelf would oftcr you to t* accompany
In this adventurous chanceful jeopardy. HuiierJ,

5. To keep off; to exclude ; to keep out.

Since (he did negleft her looking-glafs,
And threw her fun expelling mafk away,
1'hc air hath ftarv'd the roles in her cheeks,
And pitch'd the lily tinffure of her face. Sbakefp,

Oh that that earth which kept the world in awe
Would pateh a wall, expel tht winter's flaw !

Shahefpeare,

Expe'i.ler. n.f. [from fA>v/.] One that

expels or drives away.
ToExpe'nd. 1;. a. [expettdo. Latin.] To

lay out ; to fpend.

If my death might make this i (land happy,
I would expend it with all willingnefs. Sbakefp,

The king of England wafted the French king't
country, and thereby caufcd him to expend fuch
fums of money as exceeded the debt. nayrvard.

The publick burthens, though they may be a loot
reafon for our not expendingfo much inch-irily, yet
will notjuftify us in giving nothing. Allertnry,

EXPE'NSE. n.j: [expenfum, Latin.] Coft J
charges J money expended.

Hence comes that wild and vaft cxpenfe.
That ha(h enforc'd Rome's virtue thence.
Which limple poverty Hrft made. Ben. 'Jonfon,

A feaftprepar'd with riotous expenfe.
Much coft, more care, and moft magnificence.

Dryden,

Such provifion made, that a country (hould not
Want fo many fpiings as were convenient, and adbrd
a fupply ever;' where fuilablr to the necelTities and
fa-^c^yij^of each climate. kHodvard,

I can fee no reafon by which we arc obliged 14
make thofe prodigious exfenfes. Stvift.

ExPt'NSEFOL. adj. [expen/e and /ulL]
Collly ; charjieable ; expenfive.

No part of llruiTture is either more expenftful thaa
windows or more ruinous. li'otton's Arcbiie^iere.

Expe'nseless. adj. [from «/«{/>.] With-
out coft. .

A phvfician may fave any army by this frugal an4
txfenftlt/s meant only. Miltm un Education.

What

E X F

What heaUli promotes, and gives unenvyM peaM,
Is all ixftnfdejs, and procur'd with eafe. Bhckm.
Expt'N3lVE. (7j^'. [fK Aexpenfe.']

1. Given to expenfe; extravagant; luxu-
rious.

Frugal and induihious men are friendly to the
eftiblirtied government, as the idle and txfrnjive are
dangerous. Tfw^/r.

2. Coftly; requiring expenfe, as expenlive
drefi; an expenfiveyoHnrf)'.

3. Liberal; generous; diftributive.

This requires an aftive. expetfvc, indefatigable

goodoefs, luch as our apolUe calls a work and labour

-"f'o"- Sfratl.

Exp E KsiVH LY.<i</v. [{tomexffttjt've.'] With
great expenfe; at great charge.

I never knew him live fo great and txftnfively
as he has done fincc his leturn Irom exile. Svjiji
Expe'nsiveness. »./ [horn exfrnfi'vt.]

1. Addition to expenfe: txtravaeance.

2. Colllinefs *

EXP

Their highways, for their extent, folidity, orcx-
pcr/,x'ne/i, are fome of the greateft monuments of
T>.i?^l.?,!."i'""' °^ '''' '^'""^" empire. Arbuthnot.

EXPE'RIENCE. ;,./. UxfnU„tia. Latin.]

1. Praftice ; frequent trial.

Hereof cxpmence hath informed reafon, and time
hath made thofe things apparent which were hidden.

_ Raieirh.

But apt the mind or fancy is to rove,
Uncheck'd, and of her roving ii no end,
•Till warn'd, or by «/.mV/,« taught, fhe learn,
I bat not CO know at large of things remote
from ufe, obfcureand fubtle, but to know
That which before u» lies in daily life.
Is the prime wifdom ; what ii more, is fume
Uremptinefs, or fond impertinence,
, And renders us in things that moll concern

UnpraClis'd, unprepar'd, and rtill to feek. Milton.

2. iij)ovvIedgc gamed by trial and prafticc.

Bjys immature in knowledge.
Pawn their M/>o-/fw« to their prefentplcafures.

But if you'll profper, mark what I advife.
Whom age and long ixpnitnct render wife. Pape

y;> Lxfe'rie.vce. -v. a. [from the noun, 5 '
I. To try; to praftife.
2.. To know by praflifc.

He through the armed filej

Darts his «,,r/«rV eye. Mll.on.

i^:iri't.iii,czu.farl,cifial adj. [from txte-

r/eirce] '^

I. Made (kilful by experience.

the d.lhn<9 (pecies ; or l«rn them fror^ fuch as are
ufed^to that for, of things, and are ,x,:fLyZ

a. Wifebylongpraaice. '^*'-

1 o him rxftrUnr-J N=rt„r ,K„, rejoioM,
O friend I what forrows doll (hou bring to mind !

ExF e'ri «KC FR. ,./ One who maJces trkt''
a pradifer of experiments.

»e^.of any object. ,1 Uronglv enlightened, will ap.
pear to«,o,her. in the eye o/him that looks llro..g^
If y^llT" "' "" ^ ^ '^■'">'i by it ; even

Tml of any thtng; fomething done in
order to d.fcover an uncertain or un-
known efTc^'t.

That which (heweth them to be wife i. iWr „,

/'r,«f/,/,, and tW framing ol out particular rxp,-
jv»,.«r. .ccordmg ,0 the n,l« of ,Lir princ pt,
Ihall make utiuch as they are. '^ th^Zr

It IS good alfo not to try cxpirimnii in ftate, «'
ce,< Uk ncceffity be urgent, or the utility evide;,,

Adam ! by f.d «/.„.„„, I k„o„, *"""•

«ow liulc weight wttJj tJice my word. can6nd.

Milton.

TJI hu fall man's mind was ignorant of nothing' '
but of fin; or, at lead, it reiled in the notion with-
'"' Wk °^ '*" txprriment. South': SmHom.

When we are fearching out the nature or proper-
ties of any being by various methods of trial, this
lort of obfervation is called expniment. IValis.

To Expe'riment. 1;. a. [from the noun. j

1. To try; to fearch out bv trial.

Francifco Redi <-r^i-r/mw/rd' that no putrified fierti
will of itfelf, if all iufeas be carefully kept from it,
produce any. Ruy m tU Cna.

2. J o know by experience.

When the fjcceflion of ideas ceafes, our pre-
ception of duration ceafes with it, which every or.e
expiriments whiUl he Heeps foundly. Lorke.

Experime'ntal. adj. [from experiment.^

1 . Pertaining to experiment.

2. Built upon experiment; formed by obfer-
vation.

«/?"i'* "°' "'' 'fading, nor my obfervations,
vv hich with exptrimnial feal do warrant,
The tenor of my book. Sbaktfptart.

1 he txfcrinemal teftimony of Gillus is moll
conliderablc of any, who behe'ld'the co r-!e thereof.
-. Broiun'^yulgir Err.

3. Known by experiment or trial.

We have no other evidence of univerfal impene-
trabiht)-, befides a large experience, without an «-
/.fr™,^,^/ exception. t^ru,to„.

1 ncle are fo far from being fubfervient to atheifts
m their audacious attempts, that they rather atForJ
an <-'/>rr,«M/a/ confirmation of the univerfal deluge.
r. Benttey'sStrmom.

^xperime'ntally. ad-v. [from exferi-
mental.\ By experience; by trial; by
experiment; by obfervation.

The mifcarriage being fometimes univerfal, h.is

made us impart what we have experimentally learned,

by our own obfervations. E-velyn', Kaltnder.

While the man is under the fcourge of affliftion,

he IS willing to abjure thofe fins which he now tx-

i«rrimntally finds attended with fuch bitferconfe-

,.'"="«'• Roger,' s:iermom.

iiX^PE RIMENTER. »./ [from experiment.]

One who makes experiment.

Galelius and Morfennus, tvio txufk txpei imniters,

do think they find this verity by their erperiences :

T.i".^.^"."'j' "''* '' '■npoflible to be done. Dirh.

EXPE'RT. adj. [exfenui, Latin.]
I. Skilful; addrefstui; intelligent.

Now we will take fome order in the town.
Placing therein fome expert officers. Sbahefp

Again fair Alma fits confeft,
On Florirael'srA/i/T/irr breall;
When (he the rifing figh conftiains.
And by concealing fpeaks her pains. Prior

2. Ready; dexterous.

The meanell fculptor in th' ^milian fquare.
Can imitate m brafs the nail, and hair j
Expert in trifles, and a cunning fool.
Able f exprefs the parts, but notdifpefe the whole.

They have not the good luck to be perfeiflly ku.v<'.
ing in the forms of fyllogifm, mexpert in mc le ...J
*^"T" Lo€kt

J. J^kilful by pradice or experience. This
fenfc is rare.

Expert m<^n c.in execute, and judge of particu-
lars, one ly one; but the general counfels, and the
plots and marlhaling ot at&irs, come bell from th„l-
tliat are learned, />

+. It IS "fed by Pope with of before the
objeft of flcill, generally with in.

^ 1 hy olt>pi lug bloom,

tixpert of srmj, ,-.i prudeii- i„ debate,
Ifrtgiftsof H»aven to guard thy hoary date.

ExPE»'TtY, ad-v. [from expert. f{^tt.{C

tul, ready, and dexterous manner.
EXPERT.VESS. n. f. \{xom expert.] Skill;
readmcfs; dexterity.

What his reput.ition, what his valour, honeftv,

iai.xper„,ef, in war. Sl. ..k.fpcJe.

rhuitfmy, far tbe expennefi and valour of the

EXP

foliierj, waj thought fufficient to have Biet tli«

greateft army of the Turks. Knollei'i Hijlory.

Ex'p I A BL E . adj. [from expiate.] Capable to

be expiated, or atoned.
To E'XPIATE -v. a. [expio. Latin.]
I. To annul the guilt of a crime by fub-

fequent afts of piety ; to atone for.

Strong and able petty felons, in true penitence,

implore permiflion to expiate, tiieir crimes by their

afliduous labours in fo ini/.ent and fo hopeful a

*%''• ^ Bacon's Phif. Remains.

ihe odium which fome men's rigour or remifi^

nefs h.id contradlcd upon my government, I refolved

to expiate by regulations. King Churls.

For the cure of this difeafe an humble, fcrions',

hearty repentance is the only phyfick ; not to ,-;<•-

piute tbc guilt of it, but to qualify us to partak*

of the benefit of Chrift's atonement. Ray,

2. To avert the threats of prodigies.

3. To make reparation for,
_ The ;reaJ.:i-:- obliged himfelf to exphte the in.
jury, to i,r,.ure fome declaration to that "purpofe,
under his majefty's fign manual. Clarendon.

The mere they have hitherto cmbcziled their

parts, the more ihey endeavour to explat- that un-

tJiriftinelsby a more careful managery tor the future.

Cdvernmeht of the Tongtie.

Expia'tion. ». /. [from expiate.]

The aft of e.vpiating or atoning for any
crime.
:. The means by which we atone for
crimes ; atonement.

Law cj.-. lifcover fin, lut not remove.
Save by tl.t ; (hadowyex^ar/om weak,
Tile blood of bulls and foats. Milton,

The former part of this poem is but a due ex'.
piaiion for my not ferviiig my king and country in it.

, . DryJrn.

l.et a man's innocence be what it will, let his
virtues rife to the higheft pitch of perfection, there
Will be ftill in him fo many fecret fins, fo many
human frailties, fo man/ oflences of ignorance,
paflion, and (jrejudice, lb many unguarued words
and thoiigljts, that v.iihout the advantage of fuch an
expiation and atonement, as Clirillianity has revealed
to us, it is impoflible he ihould be faved. Addifon.

_ Praflices by which the threats of omi-
nous prodigies vittt averted.

I'pon the birth of fuch monflers, the Creciant
and Rom.uis did ufe divers fi.rts of expiation^, anj
to go about their principal cities with many folemn
ceremonies and facriticcs. Haywood

Expiatory, adj. [from expiate.] Having
the power of expiation or atonement.

His voluntary death for others prevailed with God»
and had the force of an explatoi v facrifice. Hook'r
Expila'tion. n. f. {/xpilatio, Larin.j
Robbery; the aft of committing waftc
upon land to thelofsof the heir.
Expira'tion. »./. \ivQm expire.]
I. That aft of refpiraiion which thrufta
the air out of the lungs, and contrafts
the cavity of the bread. i^tincj.

In all expiration the motion is outwards, and
therefore rather driveth away the voite than draw.
s'h it. Ba.jon-, Nut Hijl.

Of an inflammation of the dijpiiragm, the fymp-
toms are a violent fever, and a moll exquifitc' pain
increafes upon infpiiation; by which it is dillin-
giilhed from a plcurify, in which the greaieit pain
is in ei^pirailan. Arluibnol on Diet.

2. The lad emiffionof breath; death.

We have heard him breathe the groan ol fxplra-
''""■ R.vnilert

3. Evaporation; aft of fuming out.

4. Vapour; matter expired.

Words of this fort refemble the wini in furv
and impctuoufnefs, in iraniieutnslii and fudden ex-

f'"-"'""- . ' DiC.,j ,f Play.

Clofe air is warmer than open air, as the caiifeof

cold IS an expiration fjoin the e.iitli. whirli in

. ofcn place* is flionger. Umok'sJ^.h. Hiji.

2. I he

EXP

■^- The cctTation of any thing to which life
is figuratively afcrilicd.

To I'jlisfy ourfclvtt of iis txfhailoH we Jarkened
the loom, and in vain eadeavojrol to Jifcover any
fpark ol lire. _ _ _ Biylf.

6. The conclufion of any limited time.

If 'till the rxpiratinv of you'nionlh.
You will return and^juurn with my filler,
Cifmiirmg half yourtrain, come then to mr.

Hhatrfp. K. tear.

This he did in a fortnight after the txpimlhn
of the treaty of Uihridge. Clarcndsn.

To EXPl'RE. -v. a. \fxfin, Latin,]
■ I. To breathe out.

To fave his holy from the fcorching fire,\
. Which.he from hcUilh eniraiU did exfirt.

Fairy Sjiern.

Anatomy exhibits tlie lungs in a continual motion

inTpiring ar.d rxbirhig nir. lljrvey.

ThischafFd the-hoar; his noftrilt flames «/>!><•.

. And his red eyeballs roll with living fire. _ DryJ.

t. To exhale; to fend out in exhalations.

The fluid which is thus fccreted, and txpired

forth along with tlie air, goes off in inlcnfiblc parcels.

f^'coaivard.

■2- To clofe; to conclude; to bring to an
end. Obfolete.

When as time flying with wings fwift.
Expired \iiA the term that thcfc two javels
Should render up aiect'uing of their travels.

ToExpi're. 1>. tl.

I. To make an emlffionof the breath.

If the infpiring and expiring organ of any animal
beftopi, itfudJenlydies. IValton'i jingler.

3. To die; to breathe the lalt.

For when the fair in all their fi\i& expirt,
To their lirlt elements the fouls retire." Pope.

3. To perifh ; to fall ; to be deltroycd.

' All thy prail'e is vain,

Save what this vcrfe, which never (hall expire.
Shall to the purchafe., Sfetifer.

Thedcad m.in'sknell
Is tt>ere fc tree aflcM, for whom ; and good men's lives
Expire before the flcA^ers in their caps,
Dymg or ere they licken. Shakcfpeare.

4. To fly out with a blafl.

The ditlaiice judg'd for ihot of every fize,
The linftocks touch, the ponderous hall ex fires.

The vigorous feaman every porthole plies,
And adds his heart to every gun he lire?. Drydcn.

,5. Toconclude; to terminate; to come to
an end.

A month before
This bond exfirei, 1 do exf eft return
Of thrice three timea the value of this b.-md.

Sbukejpe.tre.

ToEXPLA'IN. f.ff. [ex/ila/to, Latin.] To
expound; to illuftrate; to clear by notes
or commentaries.

Such it the original dclign, however we may <•*-
f/ain it away. ytyHJfe't I'arergon.

You will have variety of.commentaiors to expl.ilii
rtie difficult paffagestoymi. Gay.

Some expiaimd the meaning quite away. Vofe.
Expla'inabi.e. adj. [from <■*■//<«>/.] Ca-
pable of being explained or interpreted.

It isfymbolically exptainabie, and implicth puri-
fication and clcaniiefs. Brown's fiilgar Errours.
ExPLA'lNfe*. ». /. [from exfilain.'l Ex-

pofitor; interpreter; commentator.
Expi.ana'tion. »./. [from expluin.']
1- '1 he a^t of explaining or interpreting.
2. The fenfe given by an explainer or in-
terpreter.

Before this explanalion be condemned, and the

bill found upon it, forae lawyers Ihould fully inform

• the jutv. Siuift.

Expla'."* ATORY. adj. [from explain.'] Con-

EXP

E'xri.ETivs, n. f. \expUiivum, Latin.]
Something ufed only to take up room :
foniething of which the ufc i» only to
prevent a vacancy.

Thefe ire not only ufeful expletives to matter,
but grf at ornaments of ftyle'. Svjifi.

Oft the ear the oiien vowels tire.
While expleii-ues their feeble aid do join. Pope.

Expliiivcs, whether words or fyllablei, are made
ufe of purely to fupply a vacancy ; do, before verbs
plural, is abfnlutcly fuch; and future refiners may
explode did and does. Pope.

E'xPLiCABLE. ad}, [frotn expIkateJ] Kx-
plainablo; poflible to be explained.

Many difticulties, fcarce explicahle with any cer-
tainty, occur in the fabrick of human nature. //.;/».

Great variety there is in compound bodies, and
little many of them feem to be explicable. Boyle.

To EXPLICATE, -v. a. lexpUco, Latin ]

1 . To unfold ; to expanti.

They explicate the leaves, and ripen food
For the' filk labourers of the mulberry wood.

Blackmore.

2. To explain ; to clear ; to interpret.

Tlicy do not underftand that part of Chriftian
philolophy which explicates the fccret nature of this
divine facrament. Taylor.

Although the truth* may be elicited and expli-
cated by the contemplation of animals, yet they are
more clearly evidenced in the contemplation of man.
Hate's Origin of Maniicd.

The laft verfe of his laftfatyr is not yet fufficiently
explicated. Drydcn.

E'xpLicATioN. ft./, [f torn explicate.]

1 . T he aft of opening : unfolding or ex-
panding.

2. The aft of explaining; interpretation;
explanation.

The church prcacheth, firfl; publifliing by way of
teftimony, the truth which from them (he hath re-
ceived, written in the facred volumes of Scripture;
fecondly, by way of explication, difcovering the
jnylleries which lie hid therein. Hooker.

Many thir.gs are needful fat explication, and many
for application unto particular occafion*. Hooker.

Allowances are made in the explication of our
Saviour's parables, which hold only as to the main
fcope. Atterbury.

3. 1 he fenfe given by an explainer; inter-
pretation,

'Tis the fublHnce of this theory I mainly depend

upon : many fingle explicatiors and particularities

may be redtilied upon farther thoughts. Burnet.

P^'xpi.iCATiVE. adj. [from explicate.]

Having a tendency to explain. '

If the term which is added to the fubjed of a
complex propofition be either effential or any way
necellary to it, then it is called explicative; for it
only explams the fubjed; as every morul man is a
fon of Adam. H'attt's Logick.

Explica'tor. «./, [from f-v/Z/iv//*-.] lix-

pounder; interpreter; explainer.
EXPl-1'CIT. adj \explidtus, Latin.] Un-
folded; plain; clear; not obfcure; not
merely implied.

We muA lay afidc thai lazy and fallacious me-
thod of cenfuring by the lump, and bring things
clofc 10 explicit proof and cvidei^cc. Burnet.

Theft fpeculations, when moll refined, fervc only
to Ihow how impoilibic it is lor us to have a clear
and explicit notion of that which is infinite.

South's Sermons.

Exp Li'c IT Lv. adv. [from «///«>.] Plainly ;
direftly ; not merely by inference or im-
plication.

This querulous humour carries an implicit repug-
nance to God's difpofals ; but whtre it is indulged,
itulually is its owncxpolitui ; ^nd cxp'iri;iy ivo a* it.
Government of the l^n^ue.

taining expl.ination

ll.ii the primer given me notice, I would have
fiiutcd tlie uamct lod writ cxpUitMory uolcs.

Swift, i^

To EXPLO'DE. ■x.-.rt. [fxphdo, Latin.]

I. To drive out difgracefully with fome

noifc of coatcmpt; to titat with open

EXP

contempt; to treat not only with nc^
glcft, but opendifdain orfcom.

Him old and young
Exploded, and had fciz'd with violent hands,
Had not a cloud defcending fnatch'd him thence
Unleen amid' the throng. Millcn's Paradift LoJI,

Thus was th' applaufethcy meant,
Turn'd to exploding hifs, triumph to (liame,
Cait on tbemlclves Irom their own mouths. Mih.
Old age explodes all but morality. Rofcomm(.n.

There is pretended that a magnetical globe ot
terella, being placed upon its poles, would have -a
conftant rotation ; but this is commonly exploded,
as being againft ail experience. Irilkins.

Shall that man pifs for a proficient in Chrili'a
fchaol who would have been exploded in the fchool
of Zeno ? . Somj.

Provided that no word, which a fociety (hall give
a fanfliou to, be antiquated and exploded, they may
receive ithaterac new ones they lliall find occalioa
for. _ Sviif:.

2 . To drtve out with nojfe and violence.

But late the kindled power did explode
The malTy bait, and the bilafs tube unload.

B/ackmsre.

Explo'd ER. »./. [from explode.] An hiffer ;

one who drives out any perfon or thing

with open contempt.
EXPLOIT, n. /. [explefum, Latin, res ex-

pleta.] A defign accomplifhed; an at-

chievcment; a fuccefsful attempt.

Know'ft thou not any whom corrupting gold ,
Would tempt into a cMcexptoil of death ? Siat.

Flight cannot ftain the honour you have won ;
But mine it will that no exploit have done. Siak.

How Ihall I relate
To human fenfe th' invifible exploits
Of warring fpiriis? Milton's Parajife LoJI.

He breaks fierce Hannibal's infulting heats ;
Of which exploit thus our friend Ennius treats.

Denham,
Will you thus dilhonour
Your pad exploits, and I'ul ly all j our wars ! AJdif.
To ExPLoi'r. ev. a. [from the noun.] lo
perform; to atchieve. Not ufed.

He exploited great matters in his own perfon i|i

Gallia, and by his fon in Spain. Camden.

roEXPLO'RAl b. v. a. [exploiv, Latin.]

To fearch out; to try by fearching; to

explore.

Snails exclude their horns, and therewith expto-
rale their way. Bratvn's Vulgar Errours.

Explora'tion. n. f. [from exploralc.]
Search ; exanf>ination.

For eiaft exploration fcales fiiould be fufpended
where the air is quicr, that, clear of impedimehis,
they may the mere freely conwrt upon their natural
vcrticitv. Brt/wn't Vulgar Errours.

Ulc inay be made of the like way ot exploratim

in that enquiry which puzzles fo many modem na-

turalifts ^0)/c»

Explora'tor. >/./. \ix<imexplorate.] One

who fearches; afearcher; an examiner.
Expi.o'ratory. adj. [from explorate.\

Searching; examining.
To EX'PLORR. v. a. [explon, Latin. J
To try; to fearch into; to examine by
trial,

Abdiel that fight endur'd not, where he flood i
Among the mighticft, bent on highcll deeds,
And thus his own undaunted heart exphris. Milt,

Divers opinions I have bren inclined to qucllioa
not only as a naturalill, but as a chymilV, i^heilier
they be agreeable to true grounds of philolophy, or
the'AC^/or;>geXferimeiiis of the fire Beyle,

Bui Capys, and the rcrt of founder mind.
The fatal prclcnttothe flames defign'd,
Or to the wat'ry deep ; at leall to bore
The hollow fides, aud bidden frauds explore.

Dryden's Xn,

The mighty Stagj'rite firfl left the (horc.
Spread all his fails and duift the deeps explore ;
He rteer'd fecurely, and difcover'd far,
Led by the lijht ol the Maonian liar. P^spe.

Explo'rement.

E X P

E!crLo<REMENT.a./.[ftomw/>/anr.]Search,
trial.

The Jhiftrafrf fearch of Porta, upon the exphre-

■mm.'nf many, could fca-o! find one. Biiiun.

ExpLo'sioN. »./. [from explode.'] The aft

of driving out any thing with noife and

violence.

Thofe parts which abound with ftrata of ftone, or
marble, making the Ih-ongeft oppofition, are the mod
forioufly Ihattered, an event obfcrvable not only in
this, but all other exflofians whatever. If'jodwarJ.
In gunpowder the charcoal and fulphur eafily take
fire, and fet fiie to the nitre; and the fpirit of the
nitre being thereby rarified into vapour, rulhes out
with explofijn, after the manner that the vapour
of water rulhes of an awiipile: the fulphur alfo,
being volatile, is converted into vapour, and aug-
mentt the txplofi^n. Nnuun's Opt.

With explc^an vii.
The thunder raifes his tremenduous voice. Thamfun.
ExPLo'sivE. fl*//, \^iom explode.] Driving
out with noife and violence.

Thefe minerals conftitute in the earth a kind of
natural gunpowder, which takes fire ; and by the
aJIiftancc of itj txplofivt power renders the (bock
greater. »'Qodv.-trd.

EXPCNENT. ». f. [from ^A-/e»(j, Latin.]

Exponent of the ratio, or proportion between any
two numben or quantities, is the expormi arifing
when the antecedent ii divided by the confeouent :
thus fix u the exponent of the ratio which thirty
bath to five. Alfo a rank of numbers in arithme-
tical progreflion, beginning from o, and placed over
a rank of numbers in geometrical progreflion, are
called indices or exponent! : and in this is founded
the reafon and demonftration of logarithms; for ad-
dition and fubtraftion of thefe exponents anfwets to
multiplication and divifion in the geometrical num-
•*»• Harris.

Expone'ntial. ff<^'. [from exponent.]

Exponential curves are fuch as partake both of
the nature of algebraicfc and tranlcendciitial ones.
They paruke of the former, bccaufc theyconfill of
a linite number of terms though thofe terms them-
felves are indeterminate ; and they aie in fome
meafure tranfcendental, becauTe they cannot be al-
gebraicallyconftrufled. Harris

To EXPO'RT. -v. a. [exporlo, Latin.] To
carry out of a country, generally in the
way of traffick.

Glorious followers taint bufinefs for want of fe-
crecy, and export honour from a man, and mike
him a return in envy. Bacon.

Edward III by his encouragement of trade, turn-
ed the fcale fo much in favour of Englilh mer-
chandife, that, by a balance of trade taken in his
time, the exported commodities amounted to two
hundred ninety-four thoufand pounds, and the im-
ported but to thirty-eight ihouiand. Addif. Freeh.
Great (hips brought from the Indies precious
wood, and Mj»sr/f</ pearls and robes. Arhaihnot.

E'xpoRT. n.f. [from the verb.] Commodity

carried out in traffick.
Exforta'tion. n.f. [from/*-/er/.] The
aft or pradice of carrying out oommo
dities into other countries.

The caufe of a kingdom's thriving is fruitfulncfi
•f foil to produce neceflarics, noi only fufficient f»r
the inhabitants, but fcr exptriaiitn into other
countries. .Suifi.

Expo'rter. »,/. [from exfirt.] He that
carries out commodities, in opr,ofitjon to
the importer, who brings them in.

Moaey will be mcicd liuwn, or cartjcd aw,iy in

com by the enporirr, whsiner the pieces of ea. li

fpecies be by the law bigger or lefs. Loete.

7» EXPO'JiE. -u. a. [expona, expojiium,

Lat. expojer, French.]
I. To lay open ; to make liable.

Take Phyfie Pomp ;
Expofe thyfelf roieel what wretcJiea fetl.
That thou ojay'ft fliake the fuperflui to ihem.
And n.ew Heaven jult. ikikeffeare't kinr Lear
Vol, 1. *

EXP

' . Who here

Will envy whom the highcft place expofes
Fotemoft to (land againft tbe Thunderer's aim i

~r r -u ■ MiltOK.

10 pafs the riper period of his age,
Aifting hispartupon a crowded Itage,
"VaVitimitoxh expos'd, and endlefs cares.
To open dangers, ?.ni to fecret fnares. Prior.

'.. To put in the power of any thing.

But Itill he held his purpofc to depart;
For as he Inv'd her equal to his life.
He would not to the leas expole his wife, Dryien.
;. To lay open; to make bare; to put in
a ftate of being afted upon.

Then joyous birds frequent the lonely grovx.
And hearts, by nature llrong, renew their love :
Then (icids the blades of buried corn difclofe.
And while the balmy wertern fpirit hbws.
Earth to the breath her boibm dares expij'e. Dry den.

. To lay opcH, to cenfure or ridicule ; to
(hew in fuch a ftatc as brings contempt.

Like Horace, you only expofe the follies of men,
without arraigning their vices. Drfd. Ju-u. Dedic

Tully has jull expafed a pretipt, that a man
(hould live with his Iriend in fuch a manner that if
he became his enemy, it (hould not be in his power
to hurt him. AdJifon's SpecJatar.

A fool might once himfelf alone expofe.
Now one in verfe makes many more m profe. Pope.

Your fame and your property fuffer alike, you are
atonce<jr/>o/^^rf and plundered. />o*j.

J. To lay open to examination,

Thofe who feck truth only, freely expofe their
principles to the left, and are plcafed to have them
examined. Locke

6. To put in danger.

Ihc expofirg himfelf notorioudv did change the
fortune ot the day, when his troops begun to cive
8'-£""''- . , CUrendon.

7. 1 o caft out to chance.

A father, unnaturally carelefs of his child, gives

WA° ^"''^" '"^" < ""<• '" »gJin exp',fes him : a

third man finding him, breeds up and provides for

him as his own. Locke

Helplefi and naked on a woman's knees.
To be expot'd or rear'd as Ihe maypleafe.
Keel her neglcft, and pine for her difeafe. Prior.

8. Tocerifure; to treat with difpraife. A
collotjuial abufc of the word.

A little wit is equally capable of rxHofing a
beauty, and of aggravating a fault. Addifon's Sp,a.
Jixposi'TioN n.f. \iiam. expofe.]

1. The fituation in which any thing is
placed with rcfpeft to the fun or air.

VVater he chufes clear, light, without tafte 01
fmell i drawn from fprings with an eafterly expuji-

'"'-^■^ ,- ,- , Arbutbnot.

I he diverfity of expofition of the feveral kitchens
in this city, whereby fome receive the rays of the
fun fooner, and others later, will occafion great ir-
regularity as to thctime of dining. Ar6ulh::ot.

2. Explanation ; interpretation : [from c.v-
pound, expoiio, Latin.]

My lord of York, it belter fhew'd with vou,
When that your flock, alTembled hy the bel'l.
Encircled you, to hear with reverence
Your rxpfiiKn on the holy text. Shakeff. Hen. IV.

You are a worthy judge ;
Vou know the taw : your expofiiion
Hith been molt found, Shukrfp. Mercb. of Venice
I have fometimes very boldly made fuch expMon's
ot mv authors, as no commentator will forgive me.
^ , Dryden.

Expositor n.f {expoftor, Latin.] E.x-
plaincr ; expounder ; interpreter.

A mirth.inoving jeft.
Which hi-: fjir tongue, conceit's ixpofitor,
Uehiers lu fuch apt and gracious words,
'that aged ears play truant at his tales. .Siairfpeare.

Ill the piSure of Abraham's facriticing his fon,
Ifaac isdelcribed as a little boy, which is not con -
tantaiieouj unto ilieauthority of cxpiftort. Br^-wn.

The tinner's confcience it the bed expifiicr 01

the miod ot Go^ undw any judgement oralHicVion.

South' sUtrmoni.

EXP

I Scholi'afts, thofe copious exprjitors of places, pott
I out a vain overflow of learning on paflfagcs plain and

Ti'EXPO'STULATE. -v. v. \f.Kp:%d».
Latin.] To canrafs with another : to al-
tercate ; to debate without open rupture.

More bitterly could I expoJluUle,
Save that for reverence of fome alive
1 giveafparinglimittomytongue. ■ Sbakefpeare.

The emperor's ambalTadordid expoju/jtrwah tl'.e
king, that he had broken his league with the em-
Ff'"'- . HyiuarJ.

It is ra.idnefs for ftlcndlcfs and unarmed in-
nocence to ixp'fulate with invincible power. L'EJIr.

Dutit I expopuUte with Providence, I then might
»1i:. _ Cmon.

The bifhop will expofluUte, and tlie tenant will
have regard to the reafonabienefs of the demand.

Svtift.

Expostula'tion. n.f. ^itam expofiulatc.]
. Debate; altercation; difciiffion of an
affair in private without rupture.

Expoftulations end well between loycrs, but ill
between frieuds. SpeHatar,

z. Charge ; accufation.

This makes her bleedingpaticnts toaccufe
High Heav 'n, and thefe expoJluUtions ufe ;
Could Nature then no private woman grace,
WhoDV we may dare to love with fuch a face? Waller.

Expojliilation is a private accufation of one frienii

touching another, fuppofed not to have dealt lingly or

confijcrately in the courfe of good fricndlhip. Aylijje.

Expostula'tor n.f. [from expojlulate.]

One that debates with another without

open rupture.
Expo'sTULAToxY, tidj. [(tom txpo^ulate.]
Containing expeftulation.

This fable is a kind ol an expojiulatory debate be-
tween Bounty and Injiatitude. VEJirange.
Expo'suRE n.f. \iiCim. expofe.]

1. The aft of expofmg orfettingout to ob-
fervation.

2. The Hale of being open to obfervation.
When we have ouraikcd frailties hid.

That fulFer in expofure, let ts meet ii7juKef. Mad.

3. The ftate ol being expofed, or being
liable to any thing.

t)ctermlne on lome courle.
More than a wild cx/'j/i/rftoeach chance
That ilarts i' th' way before thee. Shal!. Corioknus,

4. The ftate of being in danger.

Ajax fets Therfites
To match us in comparifons with dirt;
To weaken and i'lCcicdit ear expofai e.
How hard foever rounded in with danger. Shakefp.

. Expofition ; the fituation in which the
fun or air is received,

1 he cold now advancing fct fuch plants as will
not endure ihe houle, in pots, two or three inches,
lower than the furtace ol fome bed, under a fouthern
exp,fur,. Evelyx.

To EXPO'UND. v. a. [expmtp, Latin.]

1. To explain ; to clear; to interpret; to
(hew the meaning of.

We cannot belter interjiret the meaning of thofe
woids than pope Leo himlclf fA:^:'.v;/,/c,^ ihern whole
fpecch concerning our Lord's af.eufujii, may fene
inltead of a marginal glofs. Hooker.

Thisby Calphurnia'sd. eamisfign'&d.
—And tlii', way you have weii cxp;tfn,.eu it. Shakif.

He expounacd unto them in all the Scriptures the
things concerning himJelt. Luke. xxiv. a"

Thofe right holy latherj, as in matters of faiih
they did not make truth, but rcligioully expounded
it; fo in matters of eccleliaftical goicrnmcnl, ihey
did not create piovinces, hut ordered the coumrics
which they then had. Raleigh.

2, To examine ; to lay open : a Latinifm. ,

He expounded both his pockets.
And found a watch with rings and lockcis. Uudihras

Ex po'u N D F R. ;/. /. [from exptunJ.] Ex-
plainer; interpreter,
•♦ ^' This.

EXP

■Jliit they i\i partly a? fiUfiful witneflc* ; nwWing
• men relation of what God himftlf fin* rt>*al«il
unto them; and partly as ca.e.'ul txi-owtdnt,
teachers, and perfuaders thereof. Hooker.

The beft he was,
And faithfulleli exfounjeroiihi laws. Dryd. Jav.
So EXPRE'SS. -v. a. [txprima, exprfus,
Latin].

1. To copy; to rsCemble; toTeprefcnt.

So kids and whcjps their (ires and dims (xpr,fi.
And fo the ^eat I m.-afurM by the lefs. DryJm.
Adorn a di-eam, exprijJSis^ human form,
' The (hapcof him whofutftied in (he ftom. /)rvi^<-«.

2. Tp reprefent by any of the imitative artis;
as poetry, fculpture, painting.

Each (kilful artift (hall cxfrtf! thy form
Tnaninuttd f:old. Smiih'i PiiaJra anil lll^^.litm.

3. To reprefent in words ; to exhibit by

EXP

As to the tc?\imbi1)cs of the fathers, let ihem be
never fo .•J7>i('/iagaiuft all forts of praj-er* and invo-
catibnsj they hold-only of fuch a fort of prayer.

Slili'ngjiift-

Where rcafoft or fcripture Ts filprefi lor any
opinion, or uilion, w« may rec«i« itasof divint
authority.- Lotkf,

. Oh purpofe; for a particular end. .

They who arc not induced to btlieW and'live as
they ought,- by thole difcovetics which Gsd hath
made in Scripture, would ftatid out againft' any
evidtntc whatibever; even that of a melTenger feni
/jfpry/iftbm the other woUd'. Ait«l>urj.

Rxi-re'ss. //./. [from theadjeftive.]

language; to utter ; to declare.

, . Lcfsthao halfwe'iind,-A-«;i_/i,
EiK-/ bi-J concejl the reft. MilKn.

Though tl.cy have learned tliofe found?, yet there
are no dctirrtiincd' ideas' 1-aid- up in their minds,
which are to be cxfreJfiJ to others by theih. Ijicltr.

Ill moral ideas we h«Ve no fenllble nlatlts that
rereinfcle tHeift, whereby we canfct thcnidown : -.ve
bav« nothing bttt vvords lofxprt/i them by. Loeke.

True-wit is nature to advantage drcIV,
Wfiat oft was thought, but ne'er lb wtW rxprfJI. Pope.

Others forlanjuajre all their care exprrfs,
■ And value books, as women men, for drcfs. Pupe.

To Ihed tears, among the ancients, whe.-i they
(hould (x/ir«/j their jr.uiti;de to the gods with joy,
was e(teemcd a prophanation. Bn/imc.

4. To ilicw or make known in any manner.
No longer (hall thy bodice aptly lace.
That air and Ihape of harmony expfefi,
Tine by degrees, and delicately lels. _ Prior.

€. To utter; to declare ; with the reciprocal
pronoun.

Mr. Philips did exprtfi Unlfetf vi\Ch much in-
dignation againfl me one cv'ening. Popt.
6. To denote ; to defignate.

Mofes and Aaron took thcfe men exprrffed by
their names. I\umb.\.\n.

•J. To fquceze out; to force out by com-
preffion.

Among the watry juices of fruit are all the frtits
cut of whii.h diiak is. txprejftd\ as the grape and
the apple. _ Bacon.

8. To extort by violence, or dicite by art :

a Latlnifm.

Halters and racks cannot exprtp from thee.
More than thy deeds: 'tis only judgement waits tKce.

Ben yonfcn.
Art did rxpt'rft
A quinJeiftnce even from nothingncfs
From dull privalives and lean emptinefs,

ExrRii'ss. aJj. [from the verb.]
J. Copied; rcfembling ; exaftly like.
Of his prefence many a lign
Still following thee, (tiP compafliiig thee round
With goodnefs and paternal love j his face
ExpTffi, and of his lieps ihc track divine. MlUtn

2. Plain'; apparent; declared in direft terms

There hath been f.irte doubt whether containin;^
in Scripture do impott exprefi fetting down in plain
terms ; or die compiehcnding in fuch fort, that by
rcafon we may from thence conclude all things which
ate necelTary. fjcoter.

There is not any pofitive latv of men, whether
general or particular, received by formal exf\'rf\
sonfrnt as in councils; or by fccrct approbhtion ;
b'jt tl'.e fam^ may be taken away, if occalion ferves.

Hooker.

All the gazers on the fkics
Read not in fair heav'ns (fory
Exprrjprr truth, or truer glory.
Than they might in her bright eyes. Ben Jinfon.

J. Clear; not dubious. This feems to be
DO proper ufe.

^yc tolcel myfelfof an txprefi and fettled judg-

■fkbrMid afliaioij in things oi the grcaieft moment.

Mtre'i Div, Dial.

. A meffenger fent on pur^ofe,

The king fent an exfrrfi immediately to the
marquis, with all the particular informations.

Clarendm.
As V rxpfeffei fiwm' all parts Had come.
With ffelb alaritis threat'ning the-fatc of Rome.

Dryd. J«-u
Uppn the firft moment I was difcovcred, the em-
peror had early notice of itby an expre/s.

Gutliver'ttravelt.

I. A mefiage fent.

I -am content my heart (hould be difcovered to
the w-orld, without any of thofe popular captations
which fomc men ufe in their fpeechcs and exprej/es.

King Charles.

3. A' declaration in plain terms. Not ufual.

They do not only contradifl the general defign and
particular cxpreffex of the gofpel, but trefpafs againft
all logick and common fcnfe. Nonis.

Expre'ssi-b-lh. eiifj. [from fxfrr/r.l

1. That may be uttered or declared.
They had not only a m'emory and tradition of it

in general, but even of feveral particular acciddnts of
it likewife, which they handed downwards to the
fuccccdingages, with notes of the greatell terror «-
prejjille, pf^oodtvard' l Kalural Hijlmy.

2. T hat may be drawn by fqueezing or ex-
preflion.

Kxprk'ssion. »./. [from expre/s.']
I. The aft or power of reprefenting any
thing,

EX F

The power of cxprcrtion, or reprefent«*

tion by words.

The murrain has all the exprfjivrmffi that words-
can give : it wa« here that Virgil ftrained hard to
outdo tucretius'. AdHfttt.

iBxi-Re'sslv. adj. [from escprefs.'] In dirtfl
terms; plainly; not by implication ; not
general ly.

It dbth not follow, that <rf neceflity we (haU fin,.
unlcfs we (-x/>>-//!/y extctid this in every p-artienlar.

llooker.

Articles of belief, and things which all men muft

Jo, to the end they may be faved, are eitlxirfx-

frffily fetdown in Scripture, or elfe plainly thereby

to be galhewdl Hookei,

Who dare crofs-'en),.
Bearing the king's will (ramhKmoMhexfrr/ilji f

Hikierfpetirf,

The beginnii^ of the worlhip of images in tbefc

weftern parrs, was by the folly and fitperftition of the

Donne,

There is nothing comparable to the variety of 1
inftruftiVe expyejpons by fpcecli, wherewith a man
alone is endowed, as with an inlh-ument fuitable to
tlie excellency of his foul, for the comitiunication of
his thoughts. HclJtr on Speech.

z. T he form or mode of language in which
any thoughts are uttered.

But ill exp,£i(.n fomelimes give allay
To noble thoughts, whofe flanle (hall ne'er decay.

Buckingham.

The poet, to reconcile Helen to his reader,
brii:£s her in as a pcmtent, c-ondcmning her ov.-n
intiilelity in very (Irong exprtffions. Broome.

3. A phiafe ; a mode of fpeech.

4. The aft of fqueezing or forcing out any
thing by a prefs.

Tliofe juices that are fo flelhy, as they cannot
m.%ke drink by expre^ou, yet may make drink by
misturc of water. Bacon.

The iuiccs of the leaves are obtained by exprej/son:
from this juice proceeds the talle. Arhuthnot.

Expre'ssive. adj. [irom exprf/s.'] Having
the power of utterance or rcprcicntation.
With o/"l')efore the thing exprcfled.

Each vcrfe lb fwells expreffive at her woes
And ev'ry tear in lines lo mourntul Hows,
We, fpiie of fime,licr fatcievcrs'd believe,
O'erldok her crimes, and think (he ought to live !

TickeH.

And four fair tjueens, whofe handsfuftain a riow'r,

Th' exprejk'e emblem of their foftcr pow'r. Pope.

.\ viliblc and exemplary o'hcditnce to Cod's laws

is the moft expreffive acknowledgement of the ma-

jefiy and fovercignty of God, and difpofes others to

glorify him by the fame obfervances. Rogers.

Expre'ssively /id'v. [from cxpreffi've.'\ In

a clear and ttprefentacive way.
ExFRi'ssiTENtss. ». / [from txprcjpve]

people ixprcfilj againlt the will o) their own bi-

(liop. Slillifigjleel.

This account I exprrfsij give of them, when I

enter on the ai^iiment. Allerbury .

All the duties that the be(V political laws enjoin,,

as conducive to the quiet and order of focial hfe^..

arc ej:/»r^/y commanded by our religion. Rogers,.

Expre'ssure. K. /. [itortt exp>re/i. Now.

difufcd.j
I. Expreflion; utterance.- Not ufed..
There is a myftery in the foul of ftale.
Which hath an operation morcdivinc.
Than breath or pon cm give exfrrjj'itre 10. Sbakefp.

, The form ; the likeneis reprefented.
Mot ufed.

1 will drop fome obfcure epiftles of love, whcrrin,
by the colbilfof his beard, the' manner of his gait,
the cxprejfsre of his eye, forehead, and complexion,
he fli'illfind himfelf perfonatcd. . Shdkffp.

. This mark ; the impreflicm. Not ufed.

And nightly, meadow fairie;, look you ting,
Like to the garter-compafs in a ring;
Th' exprfjfurt that it bears, green let it be.
Mure tertile frcfli than all the (iftd-to fee. Shakrfp^.

ToE'XPROBRATE. 'V. a._\fxprohro. La-

tin.] To charge upon with reproach ; to
impuW only with blame ; to upbraid.

To txproitate iheic llupidity, he induces the
providence of ftorks: now if the bird had been
unknown, the illullralion had been obfcure, and,
the erprobration norfo proper. Brotvu,

Exproer.^'tion. ». /. [from fxprobraie.~\
Scornful charge; reproachful accufation ;
zi\ of upbraiding.

The goodnefs wc glory in, is to (ind out fome
what whereby we may judge others to be ungodly t
each other's fault we obl'etvc as matter of expro.
brmion, not of grief. Hooker.

The Parihi.-.nst with exproirarion of Craffus'i
thirll after money, poured gold into his mouth 'after
he was dead. Abbot.

it will be a denial with fc«m, with a taunting
exproiration; and to be miferable without com*
mileiMtion, is the height of mifery. Soush's Scrm.

No need fuch bo;;ft6, ot e>eprobrdllom{i\k
Of cowardice : the military mound
The Britilh tiles tranfceud in evil li«ur
Kortl«irpioudf(^s. PhUipt,

Ttf ExPSoVRTAtE. •v.tr.[fx TiisA prof tires,
Latin.] To make no longer our own ; to
hold no longer as a property. Not in ufe.

When you have religned, or nlhcr configncd
your expropriated wUl to God, and thc/tby entrulV-
ed him to Will for you, all-J.is difpenfations towards
you are, inefl'edt, the atls ot yourown will.

Boylt's Serafhick Love,

To EXPU'GN.-t;. <j. {(xpugno, Latin.] To

conquer ; to take by aflault.
Expugna'tton. «./. [from expagn.l Con-

queft ; the aft of taking by aflault. "
The exps/gmiliui of Vicuna he could mverac-

comblifh. Sand,

E'X:f

'Tc EXPU'LSE. f. rt. \exfiul/us,l^un:] To
drive out; to expel; to force away.

For ever IhoulJ theyTie txptils'J from France.
And not have tiile of . aarldom there. Shahfp.

Suppafe a nation vherc the cuftom *«re, that
after full age the Ibns fhould expulje their fathers
.«nd mothers out of pollciTiaas, and put them to
•their peniipns. Bacon's lialy War.

Inwardly received, jt.mnj be very diurecick, and
exjt\lfi the rtoiie iji the kidneys. Bnttn.

D'ldys relates, that Pelus was ixfulftj from his
kiogdf^m by \caftus. Broome.

_ Jjcp.u'lsion. n. f. [from expulfe.'\
-«. The a^ of expelling or driving oat.

A wooer,
Kfore hattful thaii this foul txpuljion \i,
jOt thy dear huflund. ShaiiJ'ptart'i CymbcUnt.

? " ' .V.-im th' exputjton of his foes,
^J^: :mphal cliaridt turn'd, Afi/ion.

()... ki it poffible fo to coatrivc feveral

^ecesof Iteei and a load-lloce, that, by their con-
^Auai attrattion and txpuljion of one another, tijey
JTay caufe a perpetual revolutioaof a wheel.

H'tlkinVi Dad.ilus.
This magnificent temple was not iiniQied 'till after.
the rxijilji-.n of Tarquin. StiUin^fiect.

Couec-coloured urine proceeds from a mixture of
• Dnall quantity of blood with the urine ; but often
j)t>gnQlVicates a refolution of the obftrufting matter,
^nd the expuljhn of gravel or a (lone. Ariuibntl.

■«, The (late of being driven out.

To what end had the aujcl been font to keep
'the entrance into Paradife, after Adam's f'x-^.v^/jrt,
iflheuniverfe had been Paradife ?/J«/f/j/j'r////.'»ry.

■fcxPu'tsiVE. aJj. [itO!& exjiul/e.\ Having
the power of expulfion.

If the member be dependent, by railing of it up,
ind placing it equal with, or higher tharv the rell
of the body, the influx may be retrained, and the
part ibrcnginencd by ^x^w^fvc bandages. ' fViJerKan.

"lExpo'NcrioN. n.f. \ftom expunge.^ Abo-
lition ; the aft of expunging, blotting,
or effacing.
^0 EXPU'NGE. -tj. e. [fxpHugo, Latin.]
■ft. To blot out ; to rub ont.

The difference of the denarius and drachm hav-
ing .been done in the nunurcripti it lyai necdiefs to
txfun-iC it. Artuihitm.

Nciiher dolhey remember the many alterations,
•dditions, and fxpuight^i made by great authors in
thofe trcjitifcs which they prepare for the publick.

S'wlfl.

.». To efface; To annihilate.

Wilt thou not to a broken heart difpcnfe
The balm of mercy, and nfiwgt ih'. offence ?

Hantlytt
DeduA what is but vanity, or drefs.
Or learning's luxury, or idlencfs.
Or tricks to flieiv the ftrctch of human brain
■ Mere curious pleafurc, or ing»iious pain ;
Expunge the whole, or lop tji' ercrefcent parts
Ofall, our vices have cmied arts :
Then fee how little the remaining fum.
Which fivvc the pall, and mull the time to come I

I'opt.
aExpD.ROA'TioN. «./. [expurgatio, Latin.]
1, The aa of purging or cleanfmg.

.Ail the inteiltncs, but cfpccially the gtcat ones*
kidneys, and uretcrc>,fervc ioxexputgaiiott. H'ijtm.irt-

■2. Pofification from bad mixture, as of
errour or falfehood.

Wife men know, that arts and Iramin? want
txpurgaiin ; and if the courfc of truth be pcrmittea
to ftlclf, if cannot ^ape many errours. Brozun.

.^XPu'acATor. »./. One who corrects by
expunging. ,

They may well b« allowed sn expurgalar. ,

Lord Dig^y.

ExPc'RtJATORY. adj. \expiirgatoriiis, Latin, ]

Employed in purging away what is

noxious : as, the expurgatory index of tbc

Romanics dirc& the abolition or ex-

•rE X S

pun^ion of paflages .admitted b/ any
authors contrary to popery.

There wants exfurgiln'i-y animadyer(i«ns, where-
by we .might ftrike out grsat .numbers of hidden
qualities ; and having once a conceded iitl, we njigl)t
with more fafety attempt their reafons. Vroix'n.

E'XQUISITE. adj. [exqiiij^tus, Latin.,]
I . Farfought ; excellent ; confuairaate,;
complete.

Hjs absolute exadlnefs they imitate hy tendii^

unttj that which is.moft exjuljiie in i;»ery particular.

■■"•'- ' Hoober.

Why Ihould the ftate be troubled with this needlefs
charge of keeping and maintaining fo great a navy
iii fuch exquijiu perfection and rcadiaefs. Raleigh,

Adam and Eve, bcfoi: the fall, w«ie a difereat
fpecies ; and none but a poet of the moA unbovnded
invention, and the moft r/ey«//?/<',judjraeat, could
have fitted their converfationand.bchaviour to their
(late of innocence. ■ ' AdJtJon.

The pleafures of fenfe are probably. r-!ithed by
beads in i mMt. exquifttt degree than, they are by~
menj for they taftc them finccre and.purr, withogt
being diilrafteJ in the purfuit,.«r difquietcd in the
ufe of thein. Autrl/urj'.i Sermam.

2. Confummately bad.

.With exju'/iie malice (hey have mired.the gall
and v'megar of falfity and contempt. JCmg'Ciarlet.
}. Very ferifibly felt.

The fcalcs* of ihe {i;«rf.<^in hinder objeils from
making too painful and fxju!/ite imprcdion oh the
nefves. Vkeyne..

Exqjji'siTELY. fl</'v. [iiom^rxquijiif.^ Per-
feftly ; completely ; in either a good or
ill fenfe.

We fee more cxpajitily with one eye Ihut than
with both open ; for that the fpirits vifual unite
themfclves, and" become llronger. Bacon* s Sat, Hiji.

A collection of rare manulcripts, ex^uijitely writ-
ten in Arabick, and fought in the mDJr remote parts
by Epcnius, the moll excellent linguilt. IPoiton.

I'he foldier then, in (Grecian arts unikiU'd,
Returning rich with plunder fium the held,
If cups oi filver or of gold be brought.
With jewels fct, and ex^uijiiely wrought,
To glorious trappings ftrait the plate he turn'J,
And with the glitt'nng fpoil his horfe adorn 'd . Dryd.

The poejry of operas is generally as- ex'^rtijire/v ill
as the mulic is good. Aildifan an Italy.

E'xQuisiTtNEss. It. /. [frcmj txquijiie.\
Nicety ; perfeftion.

We fuppofe ihe fupcrficies of the two glalTei Ihould
be fo ciaoQjrAat and fmooth, iJiai no air at all can
come between- them; and experience has informed,
us, th.^t it is extremely diflkult to procure from our
ordinary tradcfmen either glalTes or maiMcs fo much
as approaching fuch an expiijitcnefs. BjyU.

E'xscRiPT. ft. f. [ex/(ripiiim, Latin.] A

copy; a writing copied from another.
Exsi'ccANT. fli^'. \fxom exf.Kaie.l Drying;
having the power to dry up.

Some are moderately moill, and require to be
treated with medicines of the like natuie, fuch as
flelhy parts ; others dry in themfelves, yet require
exjiecanttt as bones. H'Jfetnt^/i.

To EXSl'CCATE. -v. a, [exjicco, Latini]
To dry.

If in a diffblution of (lecl a reparation of parts fie

made by precipitation, or exhalation, the cxfccatfd

powder atcenjs not unto the loadltone. ' Broiu/i.

Great heats and ij^oM^ti fxjicca!tr Atii watlc the

moifiurc and vegetative nature of the earth.

' Mortimer's ih//handry.
Exsicca'tibn. «./. \isoTa exjiccate.] The
adl of drying.

That which is concreted by txfitcatio/i, or cx-
preffion ot humidity, will be refolved by hume^ta-
tion ; as earth, diet, and clay. Brm>>t.

Exsi'ccATlVE. «(/r'. [from ex/ttcate,} Hav-,

ing the power of drying.
Exspui'tion. «./- [fx/iKo, Latin.] A dif-

charge of faliva by fpitting. ^tiinty.

Exsu'trioN. »,/. [m»^«, Latin J The«ft

•EXT

of fucking out, or draining out, wi^hotjt
immediate ccntadt of the power of Atek-
.ing with the thing fucked.

If you op.cu the valvd, and force up the fucker,
after. this firft rxJuBion, you will drive out almoll a
whole cylinder fuUof air. Boyle.

Exsxjda'tiqn. n.f. [from exudo, Latin.]
A fweatlng out ; an extillatiop ; an emif-
.fion.

'i'hey feemed to be made by an exfudatlor, or er.
tillation of fome petrifying juices out of the rocky
earth. ' Derham.

TiExsu'FFoi.ATB. f. a. [a word peculiar
to Skakc/ptare.'] To whifper; to buzz in
the ear ; from the Italian verb/a^tf/ac.

Exchange me for a goat,
When I (hall turn the bufinafs of my foul.
To fuch exfuffoUte and blown furmifes. Shakefp.

Ex,suffla'tion. n. f. [ex mifufflo, La-
tin.] A bl.tft working undcrneatiii.

Of volatility, the molt degree is when it will fly
away without returning: the next is when jt will
9y up, but with ^afc return; the next is when it
will fly upwards over the helm, by a kind of ex-
fitgtiiioii, without vapouring. Baeoit,

ro Exsu'sciTATE. -.J. a. [fx/tt/Mo, Ijaun.]

Taroufe up; to ftir up.
E'xTANcy. a./, [from e.vtatt/.]

1. The ftate of rifing above the reft,

2. Parts rifing np above the reft 5 in oppo-
fition to thofe depreffed.

Tlic order of the Utile rxtjncles, and confequcntl^

that of .the htlle deprMfwis, will be altered likewife.

Boyle OH Colottrs.

E'XTANT. adj.{<-xtam. Latin.]

1 . Standing out to view ; Handing above the
reih

That part of the t«eth which is extant aOiovi the

gums is naked, and not inverted with that fenfible

membrane called peiiofteuni, wherewith the other

" bones arc covered. Ray.

If a body have part of it extant, and part of it
ioimeiled in flu d, then fo much of the fluid as ii
equal in bulk to the immcrfed part ihall be equal in
gravity to the whole. MfHtley.

2. I'ublick ; not fupprelTed,

The tirfl of the continued v\c';kly bills of mor.
tality, eiftani at the pari (h clerks hall, begins the
twenty-ninth of December, t6oj. ' Graunt,

Exta'tical. T ci^'. [«»fi»Tix<i5, SeeEcsTA-

ExTa'tICK. J CY.]

1. Tending to fomething external.

1 find in me a great J:al (jf ,-xtai!.aJ\o\e, whick
continually carries me to good without myfelf. Boyle,

2. Rajiturous; in a flare in which the foul
feems to leave tht biody.

In trance extatick, may thy pangs be drowo'd;
Bright clouds Jefceud, and angals watch thee round.

Pope.
ExtE MPORAL. adj. [e.xtemporalii, Latin j

1. Uttered without fremeditation; tjuick;
ready ; fudden. ^

Akidim^s the fpphifter hath jujunients to prove,
ifiiat vokiniaiy.and «;f«»/>f«/ far c»ceedeth pieme.
dilated fpeevh. . Uonker.

A man of pleafant and popular converfation, of
good ejtttmporul judgment and iilL-OMtf!:, for the
fatisfyidg ot publick miniltqrs. . .H-'oitom,

2. Spenking without prcmeditntion.

Many foolifli things fall from wife men, if they
fpeak in hafte, or be exiempnral. gen JoiJ'.n.

Exte'mporally. adv. [From rxlempora/,'}

Qiii«kly; without premeditation.

The quick comedians

ExItmporaUy will ftagc us, and picfcnt

Our Alexandrian revels. Shukejp. Ant. aadCUof.
ExtemPora'nfous. ndj: [extempomnruf,

Latin.] Without premeditation ; fudden.
ExTE'MPORAiY, adj. [exteniptrarais, La-

4 Y « tin. 3

EXT

tin.] Uttered or performed without pre-
meditation; fudden ; quick.

This cui^om Wis begun by our anceftorj out of
an ambition of (hewing their ixtrmfiorary ability of
faking upon any fubjeft. Mcrt*i Divine Dialog.

That men (hould confer at very rfiftjnt removes by
an txtemporary intercourfc is another reputed im-
pofflbility. Glanv.

They write in fo diminutive a manner, with fuch

frequent interlineations, that they are hardly able to

noon without perpetual helitatioDS, or cxtemforarj^

expletives. Stvi/I.

EXTE'MPORE. c^dv. [ex tempore, Latin.]

1. Without premeditation ; fuddenly ; rea-
dily ; without any previous care or pre-
paration.

Vou may do it cxttntfcre : for it is but roaring.

ahakefpfwe.

Nothing great ought to be ventured upon without
preparation; but, above all, how fottidi it is to en-
gage «f/rm/ we, where the concern is eternity ? South.

Haft thou no mark at which lo bend thy bow ?
Or, like a boy, purfu'll the carrion-crow
With pellets and with rtones from tree to tree,
A fruitlefs toil, and liv'll extempore? Dry Jen.

2, It is fometimes ufed as an adjeftive, but
, very improperly.

I have known a woman branch out into a long
exr/m^cr; diireriatioaupon a petticoat, Addifon.
ExTE'MroRiNESs. tt. /. [from fxlempore.]
The faculty of fpeaking of afting with-
out premeditation ; the ftate of being un-
premeditated.
To Exte'mporize, 'v, ». [from txtemfort.'\
To fpcak extempore, or without preme-
ditation.

The extemperixjng faculty is never more out of
its clement than in the pulpit; though even here,
it is much more excufable io a fermon than in a
prayer. Sauth*j SermcKS.

To EXTE'ND. V. a. [extendo, Latin.]

1. To ftretch out towards any part.

See the figure of his lifelefs friend.
And his old fire, his hclplefs hand extend. DryJen.

Should'ting d'od's altar a vile image (tands.
Belies his features, and extendi his bauds. Pop*.

2. To amplify : oppofed to contraii.

It is Uifterible in any to ufe what liberty tb»y lift
in their own manner of writing; but the contriifting
ar.d extending the lines and fenfe of others would
appear a thanklefs office. ffolicn.

3. To fpread abroad ; to diffufe; to expnd.

He much magnifies the capacity of his undcr-
ftanding, who perfuades himfcifthat he cm extend
his thoughts farther than God eiifts, er imagine any
cipaniioii where he is not. Loeke.

4. To widen a large comprehenfion.

Few ext nd their thoughts towards univerfal
knowledge. L^ <"*'•

^. To rtrctch into aflignable dimenfions ; to
m^e local ; to magnify fo as to fill foii»e
aflignable place.

The mind, fay they, while you fufiata
To hold lier lUtion in the brain ;
You grant, at leafl Ihc is extended,
Etgothe whole dil'pute is ended. Friar.

6. To enlarge ; to continue.

To Helen's bed the gods .lone aflign
Hermoine f cxtertd tlie regal line. Pc}>e't Odyjty.

>j. To eticteafe by force or duration.
if much you note him,
Yon ftiall offend him, and extend his pafTion :
?eed and regard him not. S'j.ikefp,are's Macielli.
The c«s of Tobit cariymg in therofelvei fome
•Aion ofthelrown, were aildiiionally promoted by
inai power which can extend \iK\t luiures into pto-
4udion of effefts, beyond citaied efficiencies.

Urtwn'r J^ittgar Errouri.

8. To enlarge the comprehenfion of any
Bofition.

Seeing it is not fet down how far the boundi of
lut fpctch cQiKcaunf dilCiailttude teach, who can

EXT

adure U« that it exundelh farther than to tho(eth!nj5l
only wherein the natiotte were idolatrous ? Hooker.

9. To impart ; to communicate.

Let there be none to extend mercy unto him. P/»K

10. To feize by courfe of law.

The law that fettles all you do.
And marries where you did but woo;
And if it judge upon your fide.
Will foon ^ar.v;i^ her for your bride j
And put her perlijn, goods or lands,
Or which you like beft int' your hands. Hudiirat.
Ta Exte'no. 1'. n. lo reach any di-
ftance.

My goodnefs txtendeth not to thee. P/alnu.

The bijnefs of fuch a church ought 10 be no
greater than that unto which the voice of a preacher
of a middling lungs can ealily extend. Grm/nt.

Exte'nder. n./. [(wm extend.] The per-
fon or inftrument by which any thing is
extended.

The extenfion'made, the extender! are to be loofen-
ed gently. If^'/.

Ext'endible. adj. [from extend.]

1. Capable of extenCon ; capable to be made
wider or longer.

Tubes, recently made of fluids, are eafilyleagthen-
ed ; fuch as have iften fuftired force, grow ri|id, and
hardly extendible, Arhutinrt.

2. That may be feifed by law.

Exte'ndlessness. ti.f. [iwmextend.] Un-
limited extenfion. In tliis fenfe it is once
found; but, I think, with little propriety.

Certain wJeculx feminaUi mulV keep the world

from an infinitude and extendlejfnefs of excurlions

every moment into new figures and animals. Hale.

Extensibi'litv. n. f. [from extettjible.]

The quality of being extenCble.

In what manner they are mixed, fo as to give a
fibre exienfibiUiy, who can fay ? Crew's Co/. Sacra.
Exte'nsible. adj. [exte/ifio, Latin.]
I . Capable of being ttretched into length or
breadth.

The malleous being fixed to an extenjpite mem-
brane, follows the cradlion of the mufcle, and is
drawn inward. Hdda.

I. Capable of being extended to a larger
comprehenfion.

That love is blind is txlenjiile beyond the objefl

of poetry. Glan-jille.

Exte'nsiblbkess. »./. [frpm extenjibh.]

Capacity of being extended.
Exten'sio.m. «./. [from fA-/c^e, Latin.]
1 , 1 he aft of extending,
z. The ftate of being extended.

The hiccough comcth of fulnefs of meat, efpe-
eiaUy in children, which caufeth an extenfion of tho
Ilomach. Baca^.

All the reft f.ilisficd at the poftuies of moderatios,
and none endure the extremity of Hcxure or exten-
fion. Bvoxvn.
This foundation of the canh upon the waters, or
exlt.vficn of it above the waters, doth agree to the
antediluvian earth. Burnet
Hy this idea of folidity is the extenfion of body
diltingvifbed from the exlrnfi.n of fpace : the ex-
tenfion of body being nothing but the cohefion 01
continuity of fulid, feparable, moveable parts; and
the extctifion of fpace, the continuity of dnfolid, in-
feparablc, and immoveable parts. Li,cke
Exte'nsional. adj. [Uom extenjion.] Long
drawn out ; having great extent.

You run into thefe r.t/f»y/trrf/ j:hantafms, which
1 look upon as contemptuoufly, a^ upon the quick
wriitglings up and down of pifmircs. m-jre.

Exte'nsivk. adj. \exttHji'viu, Latin.].
I. Wide; large.

i woald not be underftood to recommend to all a
furfuit of thole fciences, to thofe txienfive lengths
to which the modern! have advantcd them.

tt'atti.

z. That may be extended. Not ufed.

EXT

Silver beaters chufethc fined coin, atthatwhiah
is moft ixtenfive under the hammer. Boyle.

Exte'nsively. ad-v. [from extenji'vc,'\
Widely ; largely.

'Til impoflibie for any to pafs a right judgement

concerning them, without entering into moft of theft

circumftances, and furvcying thenv extenfively, and

comparing and balancing them all aright. Hattt^

Exte'nsivekess. «./. [from extetijhve.]

1. Largenefs ; difFufivenefs ; widenefs. '•

As we hai'e reafon to admire the excellency of
this contrivance, Jo have we u applaud the extenjive--
rteft o{iht benefit. Gcyv, Tongut*

An exienfivenr/i of underftanding and a large me-
mory arc of fervice. IVatti't Logick,

2. Poflibility to be extended.

We take notice of the wonderful dilatability or
exterfivene/s of the throats and gullets of ferpents :
1 myi'clf have taken two entire adult mice out of
the liomach of an adder, whofc neck was not bigger
than my little linger. Ray en the Creation.

Exte'nsor. »./. [Latin.] The mufcle by
which any limb is extended.

Extenfort are mufcles fo called, which ferve t»
extend any part. Quincy.

Civil people had the flexors of the head very
llrong ; but in the infolent there was a great over*
balance of ftrcngth in the extenfort of the neck.

Ai tulhnct and Pope's Mart. Srrii.

Exrt'nr. /iarticij>Je iiom extend. Extended.

Not ufed.
Eoth his hands moft filthy feculent.

Above the water were on high txteni.

And fain to walh themfelves incciTantly. Spenfer.
Exte'nt. n.f. \extentus, Latin.]

1 . Space or degree to which any thing is ex-
tended.

If I mean to reign
- David's true heir, and his lull fccptre fway
To juft extent over all Ifrael's forj. Miltm.

2. fiulk ; fize ; com]>afs.

The ferpent, fubtleft beaft of all the Seld,
Of huge' ejrr^«/ fometimes. Milton,

Ariana^of Darius' race.
That rul'd th' extent of Alia. Clover.

3. CommunicatioD ; diftrrbution.

An emperour of Ramc,
Troubled, confronted thus, and for th' exfnt.
Of equal j\iftice us'd with fuch contempt. Siake/p,

4. Execution ; feizure.

Let my officers
Make an extent upon his houfe and land.
And turn him going. Shakefpeare's Atyoutike !t.
To EXTENUATE, a. a. [extenuo, Latin.]

1 . To leflen ; to make fmall or flendet in
bulk.

I lis body behind his head becomes broad, from

whence it is again extenuated all the way to the tail.

Gretv's Alttfeeum*

2. To Icffen ; to diminilh in any quality.

To perfitt
In doing wrong, extenujtei not wrong,-
But makes it much more heavy. Sbakefptnri.

But fortune there extenuates the crime ;
What's vice in me, is only mirth in him. Dryden.

3. To leflen ; to degrade; to diminifh in
honour. '

Righteous are thy decrees on all thy works ;
Who can extenuate thee ? MHt<,n't Paradife Lojf,

4. To leflfen in reprefentation; to palliate j
oppofite to aggravate.

VVhrn you Ihall thefe unlucky deeds relate.
Speak of me, as 1 am : nothing extenuate.
Nor let down aught in miil'ttre. Shakejp. Othello.

Upon his examinalion he denied little of that
wherewith he was charged, nor endeavoured mnch
to excufe or extenuate his fault; fo that, not very
wifely thinking to make his oflience lefs by confef-
fion, he imtdc it enough for condemnation. Bacon.

Yet hear me, Sampfon, not that I endeavour
To letren or extenuate my ofGtoce. Milton,

J. To make lean.

6. To make rare; oppofed to den/e.

The

EXT

The race of all things here is to txtinuait 'and

turn things to be more pneumatical and rare, and

not to retrograde from pneumatical to that which is

dcnfe. Bacon.

ExTFNUA'TloN. n.f. [from exte>tua/c,]

1. The aft of reprefenting things lets ill
than they are; contrary to aggravation;
palliation,

2. Mitigation; alleviation of punifliment.

When fir is to be judged, the kindeft enquiry is
vhil deeds of charity we can alledge in exttnuation
ofourpunifliment. Attirbury.

3. A lofs of plumpnefs, or a general decay
of the raufcular flefh of the whole body.

A third fort ormarafmus is an extrniuilion of the
body, caufcd through an immoderate heat and dry-
nefs of the parts. Harvey.

EXTE'RIOR. adj. [exterior, Lat.] Out-
ward; external; not intrinfick.

And what is faith, love, virtue unefTay'd
Alone, without exterior help fuilaifl'd } Mlliin.
Seraphick and common lovers behold exterior
beauties, as children and aftronomera confider Ga-
lileo'sopticlc glalfes. Bny/t.

Father, blacker, and merrier, are words which,
together with the thing they denominate, imply
alfo fomething clfe feparjte and exterior to the ei-
illence of that thing. Loclte.

Exte'riorly. adv. [from exteriy.- ] Out-
wardly ; externally; not intrinficaUy.

You have flan4cr*d nature in my form;
Which, howfoever rude exteriorly.
Is yet the cover of a fairer miod.
Than to be butcher of an innocent child. Sbakefp
To EXTERMINATE, •v. a. [extermim,
Latin.] To root out; to tear upj to
drive away ; to aboliflt ; to deftroy.

Unlucky vices, on which the exterminating lot
happened to fall. Decay 0/ Piety.

Alexander left Grecian colonies in the Indies;
but ibey were exterminated hy Sandrocothus,

Arbutbnot en Coins.

This difco%-ery alone is fuflficicnt, if the vices of

men did not captivate their reafon, to explode and

exterminate rank atheii'm out of the world. Be.ttiey.

Extlrmlsa'tion. ti. /. [from txtermi-

nate."] Deftrudtion ; excifion.

The queftion is, how far an holy war is to be
purfued, whether to difplanting and extermination
of people ? Bactn.

Extermina'tor. n.f. [extermiaalor, Lat.]
The pcrfon or inftrument by which any
thing is deftroycd.
y* Exte'r.mine. 1-. <7. [exeermi/ia, l.atin.]
To exterminate ; to dertroy. Not ufed.

If you do forrow at my grief in love.
By giving love, your forrow and my grief
Were both exirrmin'd. Sbatejfeare't Aiyonliie it.
ExTE'RN./7i//. [e*/^r«(/, Latin.]

1. External ; outward ; vifible.

When my outward aAion dolh demonftrate
The native aft and figure of my heait
In compliment extern, 'tis not lr<n- after
But I wdl wrar my heart upon my lleeve
For daws to peck ar. v Sbakejf. OthelU.

2. Without itfclf ; not ii(?ierent ; not intiin-
Cck ; not depending on itfelf.

When two bodies ate prellcd one againft another,
the rare body not being lb able to refill dinfn r. as
thedenfc, and being not permitted to retire b„tk,
by reafon of ihe extern violence impelling it, the
patu of the rate body mult be fevered. /)/>*»

EXTE'RNAL. adj. [^.r/.r»»r, Latin.]
I. Outward: not proceeding from ii'tlf;
operating or ading from w illiout : oppo-
flte to inltrnal.

Vie ccnic To br aflur'd th.it there is fuch a bcinr,
cither by an inlrroal imptelTion of the notion 01 .
<",od upon our minds, or elfe by fuch xtcrnaJ ai.<!
vifible cfl'fdls as our reafun lelJi us mul) be atiri-
kutcd to Umc cauft, and wUith we cannot attn-

EXT

bute to any other but fuch as we conceive God to
be. Ti/ioi/'m.

Shells being expofed loofe upon the furfacc of
the earth to the injuries of weather, to be trod
upon by horfes and other cattle, and to m.iny other
external accidents, are, in traiS of time, broken to
pieces. ff'oojtvarj.

z. Having the outward appearance ; having
to the view or outward perception any
particular nature.

Adam was then no lefs glorious in hi? externals :
he had a beautiful body as well as an immortal
foul. Soutb,

He that commits only the external aft of idolatry
is as guilty as he that commits the external aft of
theft. StUlingftet.

Exte'knallv. ad-v- [irom external.] Out-
wardly.

The exterior minitlry, externally and alone, hath
in it nothing excellent, as being delUtute of the
fanftity that God requires, and it is common to
wicked men and good. Taylor.

To Exti'l. ^'. ti. [ex vcA Jiillo, Latin.]

To drop or diftil from.
Extilla'tion. ». /. [from ex va^ ftillo,

Latin.] The aft of falling in drops.

They feemed made by an exfudation or extilla-
tim el putrifyiiig juices out of the rocky earth.

Uerbam'i Pkyf. 'Theology.
To EXTI'MULATE. -v. a. [exti,m,lo,h!kU\
To prick ; to incite by (limulation.

Cholcr is one excretion whereby nature cxdudcth
another, which, defcending into the bowels, exti-
mulales and excites them unto expullion. Bro\on.
Extimula'tion. n.f. [from extimulatia,
Latin.] Pungency ; power of exciting mo-
tion or fenfation.

The native fpirits admit great diverfity ; as, hot,
cold, aftive, dull, &c. whence proceed mod of the
virtues of bodies ; but the air intermixed is without
viiiues, and makeih things infipid, and wiihout
any extimulation. Bacon's Natural HiJIory.

Exti'nct. adj. [«//«!?;«, Latin.]

1. Extinguifhed ; quenched; put out.

They are exiinli, quenched as tow. Ifaiab.

Their purple vengeance bath'd in gore retires.
Her weapons blunted, and exiinll her fires. Pope.

2. At a llop ; without progreffive fucceflion.

My days arc extinO. Job.

The royal family is all extinB,
And (he who reigns beftowa her crown on me. DryJ.

The nobility aie never likely to be extinll, bc-
caufe the greateft part of their titles defccnd to
heirs general. iui/t.

3. Abolilhed ; out of force.

A renfure inflided a jure continues, though fuch
law be eitinCl, or the lawgiver removed from his
ctfice. Aylige.

Exti'nction, n.f. [extinaio, Latin.]

1. The aft of quenching or extinguifliing.

Ked-hot needles or wires, extinguifhed in quick-
filver, do yet acquire a verticity according to the
1.1WS of pofuion and extinHion. fifttcn's f^u/g. Err.

2. The ftate of being quenched.

The parts are confumcd through extinSlion of their
native heal, and diflipation of their radical moifture.

tlai ifey.

3. Deftruftion ; excifion.

The extiirSiion of nations, and the defoljtion of
kingdoms, were but the clfefts of this dcftruifive
'"''• Rogeti's Sermons.

4. isuppreflion.

riiiy lie in dead oblivion, lofinghalf
The ilccting inomea(s of too (hoit a life.
Total exiinnioi! of the enlighten'd foul. Tbomfon.
To EXTI'NGUISH. ru. a. [exiingtio, Lat.]

1. T o put out; to quench.

The folt god of picafure that warmM our defires,
Has broken hisbow, and fx/f^^iy/^'i/hi> fires.

Drydcn.

Thenrofe the feed of chaos and of night,
To blfjt out order, and ixtit'guijh light. Pope.

2. To fupptcfi; to dcllroy.

EXT

Tliey exiinguijh the love of the people to the
young king, by remembering fome imperfeftions of
his father. Hayward.

My fame of chaftity, by which the (kies
1 reacht before, by thee exiinguijh'diies. Denbam.
3. To cloud ; to obfcurel

Bethink thee on her virtues that furmount.
Her nat'ral graces that exrlnguijh art. Shakeff..

Exti'nguishable. adj. [(rom e.xtinguijh.]
That may be quenched, fuppreffed, orde-
ftroyed.
Exti'nguisher. n.f. [from extittgtiijh.'] A
hollow coneputupon a candle to quench it.
If it Ihould ever offer to Bame out again, 1 would
ufe the conicum as an extinguijher to fmother it.

More's Div. Dialogs
Of it a broad extinguijher he makest
And hoods the flames. Dryden.

'Tis better to cover the vital flame with an ex-
tinguijher of honour, than let it confumc till it burns
blue, and lies agonizing within the focket. Collier.
Exti'nguishment, n.f. [(tomextitiguijh.]

1 . Extinftion ; fuppreffion ; aft bf tjuench-
ing ; deftruftion.

When death's form appean, (he fearfth not
An utterquenching, or exiinguijhment ;

She would be glad to meet with fuch a Iot|
That fo (he might all future ill prevent. Daviet.

He moved him 10 a war upon Flanders, for the
better exiinguijhment of the civil wars of France.

Bacon.

The immediate caufe of death is the refolution or
extirtguijhment of the fpirits. Macon's Natural Hifi.

2. Abolition ; nullification.

Divine laws of Chriitian church polity may not
be altered by exttnguijhmenr. Hooker,

3. Termination of a family or fucceflion.

His heart eafily conceived trcafon agaiiill the

crown, wherein he perilhed himfelf, and mjde a

final ejr/;»g»//3'«e»r of his houfe and honour. Davies.

To ExTiRP v. a. [extirjo, Latin.] To

eradicate; to root out. Not ufed.

Which to exiirf, he laid him privily
Down in a darkfome lowly place far in. Fairy 0.

Nor (hall that nation boalt it lb with us,
But be extirpeJ from our provinces. ^hak.efpearu

To EXTl'RPATE. ^. a. [cxtirpo. Latin]
To root out; to eradicate ; to exftind ;]
to deftroy.

The rebels were grown fo ftrong th.it they made
account fpeedily to extirpate the Britilh nation in
that kingdom. Dryden,

Wc in vain enJcivour to drive the wolf from our
own to another's door ; tfie breed ought to be txiiit.
yj<^e^ out of tlic Itlaiid. Locke.

It is not the buiinefs of virtue to exiiipaie the
affcftions, but to regulate them. Add/fun' i Shf£l.

Extirpa'tion. u /. [(xamextirpriie.] ihe
aft of rooting out ; eradication; cxcifiou;
•deftruftion.

It is faid that popery, for want of utter exiirf a-
tion, hath in fome places taken root and ilourillicd
again. Hooker.

Religion requires the extirpation of all thofe
pilTions and vices which render men unfociable and
troublefome to one another. Tillvijon.

Extirpa'tor. )t.f. [from extirpate.] One

who roots out; a deftroyer.
ExTispl'cious. adj. [e.xlj/idiim, Latin.]
' Hgurial ; relating to the itvfpeftion of
entrails in order to prognofticalion.

Tiius hath he deluded many, nations unto his

auguiial and C'lifpicious invention , from cafual ar.d

uncoiurived comingences, divining events fuccecd-

ing. hrovn's Vulgar Emurs.

To EXTO'L. -v. a. [extollo, l,atin.] To

pniife; to magnify; to laud ; to celebrate.

' Ex;olK\m that rideth upon the Heavens, Pfalms.

' When a rich m.ui fpc.ikctli, every man holdelh

Ills t jiigue ; and look, what he faith they extol it to

the clouds. Ecetif, xiii.

Heav'ii and earth (hall hl^h extol
I'hy praifcs wuh th' innumerable found

Of

'EXT

t^fTiymM, »n3 facrcJ fonft!, wbecewitli thy throne
Encompafi'd AiallrcloundilKeaver btc&'d. Milien.

t«i Ars'sia f^toi her happy coaft.
Hot cinnamon and fwfct amoiiltim hoaft. D>'yJc»-

lixTc'LLER. «./. tfrom fr?5/.] A praifer ;

a raagnlfiet; one that praifes to the lk;«.
■ExTo'Rslvt. aJ/. [from exlort.'] Having

the quality of drawing hy violent means.
Ex ro'RsiVKLV. flif, [liomextor/!'vt.'\ In

an extoriive manner ; by violence.
fe EXTO'RT. v. a. [exUr<)iuo, extertu!,

Latin.]

1. To draw by force; to force away; to
wreft ; to wring from one.

'Till ihe injurious Roman did extort
This tribute from us, wc were free. Shaif^fore,

Thal-g'.ory never Ihall his- wrath or might
Extort from me, to bow and fue for grace
■With fuppliant knee, and deify his pow'r. MUlon.
l remember well (he impious oath,
» ftitdly»t(of/i*' from my trembling youth. Rotue.
■ My earneft defires, not any doubts of your good-
nefs, but my real concern for your welfare, exmri
this from me. Waki.

2. To gain by violence or opprtlTion.

His tail w:is ftretch'd out inwoiid'rous length,
iThat to the houfe of heavenly gods it raught.

And with exioitai fawcr-aai borrow'd ftrcnglh.
That e«r*buraing lamps from ihence it brought.

Are my ihefts fiU'd up m ih txMted gold ! Shtke.

f'o ExTo'^T. -v. ». To praftife opprcffion

and violence. Now difufed.

To virham- they never give any peimy «f enter-
tainment, but let them feed upon the countries, and
exlort upon all men where tliey come. Upenfer.

Before llicy did exlort and opprefs the people only
by colour of a lewd cuftom, they did afterwards ufe
the f.i!fte extortions by warrant. Davits on licUaA,

Exto'rter. ?;./. [from cxt!>rt.'\ One who
praftifcsoppreflion or extortion.

EJric tlie ntarter was deprived by king Canute
of ihegovcrnmentof Mcrcia. Ciindeii's Remaim.
Exto'rtiO^. n.f. [from extort.'\
i; The aft or praftice of gaining by vjo-
^lence and >rapacity,

That goodnefe
©f gleaningall the land's wealth intoTjne.
Into your own h-it^ds, cardinal, by extortion. Skak.
Oppieirion and cxtott'.on did maintain the great-
nefs, and opprcllion and txtorlion did extinguilh the
greiuiefs ol that houfe. Oavin on Irtland.

«. Force by which any thing is unjuftly
taken away.

Becaufe the lords had power to impofc this charge,'
the freeholders were glad to give i great part ol theii]
lands to hoU the reft free from that exlcrfhn, Dav'm-
A fucceeding king's juft recovery of rights from
nnjuft ufuruations and (xtoriiofitt liiall never be prc-i
judiccd byany aftof mine. Kmg'Charlct',

'Exto'rtionhr. »./. \iton\ extortiDtt.~\ One|
who priiftifes extortion ; one who grow^
rich by violence and rapacity. i

There will be always murderers, adulterers, rxlor'

/;'owi.t, church-robbers, traitors, and other rabble.

■jDcn}. Camden.

The covetous eitlvrliiter is iovolwd in the fame

fcntooce.. Dteaycf Fifty.

Vo EXTRA'CT. V, a. [e.vtt^i'a, txtruclum,

Latin.]
••J, To draw out of fomething.

The drawing one rtictal or mineral our of ano-
ther, we call fTtrirffi;^. Bacon's Phyjic.il Remains.

f hit of the afhes of all plants they rxtrafi a fait
which they ufc in medicines. Bacon's l^alural HfJI,

The metallick or mineral matter is fo ditfufcd
amongit the craffer matter, that it would never be
polfible to fcp.irate and exlrtH it. H'a>dv:aid,

a. To draw by chemical operation.

They
Whom funny Borneo bears, are ftor'd with ftreams
Egregious, rum and licc'i i^MAOclraa, fbilifsi

EXT

3. To t»ke from fomething of which the
thing taken was a part.

I now lee
Bone of my bone, ftefli of my flefh, myfelf
Before me : woman is her name, of m.\n
ExtraSed. Mi/ton't Paridife h'JI.

4. To draw oat of any containing body or
cavity.

Thefe waters wtttextrifBcd, and laid upon the
furface of the ground. Burnet' tThrory nf the Eaitii.

5. To feleft and abftraft from a largcr-trca-
tife.

To fee how this cat is reprtfentcd, I have ex-
trtDcd out of 'that pamphlet a few notorious luK-
hoods. .Htfift.

E'xTRACT. *./. [from the verb.,]
I. The fubftance «xtra(fled ; the chief -partsf
drawn from any thing.

In tisatires, if the fuperfl«ou5 fpirit of wine be
diitiiledoff, it leaves at the bottom that thicker fub-
ttanco, which chemills call the exirai} of the vege-
Ubies. iBoylc.

To dip cur tongues in gall, to have nothing in our
moutJi but the extraR and exhalation of our inward
bitterntfi, is no great fenfuality. Gov. tfthe^ongue.

z. 'I'he chief heads drawn from a book ; an
abftradt; an epitome.

-1 will prcfent a few ^ouSj otjt of authors. 'C<:»k/,
Some books may be read by extract made of
them by others, btit only in the lefs important ar-
guments, and the meaner hooks; elfe diftilled booksj
are like common diiijlied waters, lialiiy things. j

Bacon's Effiiys.
Spend feme hoUTsevery dcyjn reading, and making
•txtralls, if your memoiy be weak. Swl/t.

3..ExtraAion; defceiit. Not ufed.

The apoftle gives it a valuefuitable to its extrall,

branding it with the moll ignominious imputation'

of foohfhneft. ' South.

Extra'ction. »./. \extm^io, Latin.]

I. The aft of drawing one part out of ^

compound; the aft of drawing out the

principal fubftanceby chemical operation..

Although the charge oiextrafJlon iliould exceed'

the worth, at4eaft it will dil'cover ualure and poUi-

bility. Bacon.

'1'htdiftilla.tions of waters, extrafiions of oiky and.

fueh like expertm:iiC*,ttre unknown to the ancient;.

Hake-U'iJ/.
It would not defray the charge and labour ot the
cKlraBioK, and muft needs be all irretrievably loft.

iroodvj.ird's Natural Hi//cry.

. Derivation from an original; lineage; de-
fcent.

■One whofc exlra&ion 's from an ancient line,
Gives hope again thrit well-born mcnmay thine-; ,
The meanelt in your nature mild and good| j

The noble rcil fecurcd in your blootl. ffuJUri

A family of an ancient txiraHion, tranfpprted
witti the Conqueror out of Normandy. Clarendon.

Extra'ctor. «. /. [Latin.] The perform

or inftrument by which any thing is ex-
t rafted. '.

Ex 1 RADl'cTIONARV. adj. [exirtt anidiA'oi
Latin.] Not conftfting fn words but reali-
ties.

QiextradiClionary. and teal fallacies, Ariftotic and
logicians make fix ; but we obfenrc men are com.
mnnly deceived by four thereof. Brovn.

ExTRAjUDi'cTAt.. <!i/J.[extm snAjiiJUium,
Latin.] Out of the regtiUrcovrfe of legal
procedure.

A declaratory or e>r>ra/jf.A'r/rfi/obfoU)tion is con-
ferred \v\Joro pa-ttitcntiali. jiyLiJfc's-Pare*gon.

Extra juDi'ciALLv. c/f. [from exiraju-
dicinl.'] In a manner different from -tlic
■ordinary courfe of legal procedure.

The conhrniaiion of .-^n election, though done by
a previous citation of all peifoiis concerned, may be
faid to be done f A /nt/ W/W<j.'/y, when oppolilion en-
fues thereupon. Ayi'fft.

Ext*ami'«sion. », ./. [wrtw-and mitto.

EXT

L»tin.] The a6l of emitting outwJirJst
oppoflte to !ittromiJfij>i.

Arirtolle, Alha«n, and others, hoM that fi^ht if

by reception, and not by exi'amijjion \ by receiving

the rays of the objctl unto 'the eye, and not by

•fending any out. Brovik,

ExTRAMU noa'ne. odi. [extra tXiA muttdiis,

Latin.] Bt;yond the verge of the. material

world.

'•Tis a philofophy that gives the taahtA topogra-
phy ef the- extra)ttiind.ine ^accs. Gltr.fille' s. Scepfiu

Extra'neous. ffi//- ["/raww/, Latin.] Not
belonging to any thing; foreim; of dif-
ferent Jubilance'} not intiinfick.

Relation is not cgiUjincd in the real exiftenc*

of things, but fcmething txtrancoiu aad liiperin.

^uced. Iccke.

When the mind refers any .of its ideas to any

thing f)f;m«rt»*to them, ,tiey me ib?n.c«lled -trve

or f.illc. .Locke.

GolA, when equally pure, and freed from extra.

*«Kr nutter, is ibfoluiely .ilike in colour, coofift-

cnce, fpetiticgr.ivity, and all other rcfpefls. Ifoadv/.

EiTRAo'RDiKARiLY. tfi/y. [from extroQrdi-

ntirj.]
I. In a mnnner oat of the eommon method
and order.

In the affairs v.hich were net ijeterroinable one
way or other by the, §crip^urc, himfelf^gave an tfr-
lraordf»arity direSioa and counfcl, as pft as they
fought it at his hands. tUtker.

Ill goveriunent it is gaodta«fe metv of «ae rank
equally; for to countcn.^iu;e ibme <«rr<j«r///»<«7'/)i,
b to make them infoknt, andtlic relidil'voBtent.

■Bacon.

1. Uncommonly; particularly ; eminently ;
remarkably.

•He quotes me right; and I hope »ll his quota-
tions, wherein he is fo cxiraordiaarity copious and
elaborate, are fo. . Hafi.fl-

The temple of Solomon -ivas a type,. and therefore
was fo extraordinarily magnific«pti olherwife per-
haps a cheaper ftrudure m'jht li.ive been as f.;rvice-
able. tVitkiat's Math. Hagick,

Extrao'rdinariness. ii.f. [from<'jr/»iBor^-
iliimry.'\ Uncommonncfs ; eminence ; rC"
markablenefs.

■! chufe fome few either for ike-eMraardJtuiriiieft
of theit guilt, or the frequency oftheir practice.

. Cfjj. tf the Temgue.

EXTRAORDINARY, adj. \txtraordinti-

riiis, Lat.] This word attd its derivatives

are ^nerally pronounced extrordinary ,

whereby the a is liquified into the 0.]

1 . Different from common order and me-
thod; not ordinary.

Evils muft be judged inevitablr, if tkere be no
apparentordinary way to avoid them ; becaufe where
council and advice bear rule of God's extraordinary
power, without extratrdtnary warrant, we cannot
prefume. " H'-oktr,

Spain had no wars feve thofe which were grown
into an ordinary : now tlicy have coupled therewith
the cxiratrdi/tary of the Voltaline and the Fala-
tinala. Bacon.

See vi\i3.t.-extra9*-d}n>iry armies have been tranf-
mitted thither, aud what ordinary farces maiinaitied
there. Dalies.

2. Different from the common con rfe of law.

If they proceeded in a martial or any other ex»
traordina^-y wav, wiihout any form of law, his ma-
jcltylhould declare his jultrce and atfti5lion to an old
faithful fcrvant. Clarendon.

3. Eminent; remarkable; more than com-

mon

The houfe was built of fair and ftrong flone,
not -aftisdling fo much any extraordinary kind of
finencfs, as an honourable reprefenting of a firm
ftatelinefs. Sidney.

The Indians wotlhippcd rivers, fourvtains, rocks,
orftreat ftones, and all things which feemed to have
fomething extraordinary in tixeni. Siillingjleet.

ExT*Ao'iiDmAiiT,«</'v. [This word feems

»nly

EXT

•Wlf a colloquial barbarifm, ufed for the
eafe of pronunciatioi ] Extraordinarily.

1 ran over their cabinet of medals, but don't re-
member to have met with any things in it ^'^f^"'
extraordmciry rare. /Iddijor..

XxTRAPARo'cHiAl,. adj. [extra and fn-
nchia, Latin ] Not comprehended with-
in any parilh.
Extraprovi'ncial. edj. [ex/r/i and /ro-
^incia, Latin.] Not within the fame pro-
vince ; not within the jurifdidlion of the

fame archbithop.

An exnafroviKrJal citation is not valid, ultra
duas d!a:tai, above two days journey v nor is a cita-
tion valid that contains man/ conditions manifeltly
inconvenient. Aylife'i Ptrrrrgsn.

Extrare'oulax. adj. [«-.'r./ and rtgula,
Latin.] Not comprehen'l'd within a rule
His providence is txirar^gxi.t, and producei
ftrangc things bevor.d common rules-; and he led
Ifriel through a fca, artd made a rock pour forih
^ater. 'fayior*s Rale cflivirr^ holy.

RxTRA'vAaAWC!!. > 71. f [txlravagaits,

EstRa'vacancy. 5 Latin.]

r. ErcuTfion or fally beyond prefcrib«d li-
mits.

i have, troubled you too far witii this exiravS'
rtwrr : I flull make no delay U> recall myfelf in'9
the road again. Hiunmond.

i. ItrcguKTity; \rildnefs.
3. Outrage; violence; outrageous vehe-
mence.

How many, by th« wild furj' and rx;ravaga>!ef of
th'jir own partiom, have put their bodies into a
cotnb'^lbon, and by liirruig up their rage againll
others, havearaserf thsc berce humour againi^ them-
fcKej. Tiihrfon.

^ Unrtatoraltwmour; bombaft.

Some vcrfesof my own, Maiimiatvand Almanzor,
crv vengeance upon me lor \X\iiT extrwOa^anrft

Drjdeti.

t. Wa<Te ; vain and iirperRuous expcnce.

She wa> fo expeniive, that the income of three
dukes was not enoi^Ii to fupply her txi'mva^.tricc.

Arbulimt.
EXTRA'VAGANT. adj. [exna-jagojis,

Latin.]
%. Wandering oat of his bounds. This is
tlie prinK>genaI fenfe, bat not now in
ufc.

At hisAvatniog
The extrava^jat and erring fphricbie«
To his confine. ShaJtt/p HarnlLt.

2. Roving beyond juft limits or prefcribed

mLthotis

I d are not a<k for what you would not grant :
But wilhcs, madam, arc extravagant;
They aie not bounthd with tilings poflible;
1 may wirti more than 1 prefume ro tell, ■ Drydrr.

3. Not couip»ehendcd in any thing.

Twenty coiirtitiitions of pope John XXII. are
called the txlra:'fganrs; for ihat they being writttn
h\ r.rt order or method, 'Vpganti/ extra corpus rcl.
if^iouum carf,nicm, j^yiijje's i'arer^n.

4. Irregul.tr; wild.

for a dance th»y feem'd
Somewhatf Jr;r«T/«g»«;,and wild. Milton's Par.h'Jl

There appears temething nobly wild and txitra-
vttgaiit in- greflt natirral (icniufes, inhniiely n.ore
beautiful than turn and polithing. Addim.

Kew ideas cmplqycd my fancy all night, and
compofed a wild (xlravag^ut dream. AJitifcin.

f. Waftcful ; prodigal ; vainly expenfive.

An exirai'agant man, who has rwthing elfe to
recommend him but a falfegenerofiry, is often more
beloved than a perfon of a much mure hnilhed cha-
rafter, who is Jef'^w: in this particular. AddXfon.

ExtraVacanT. w. /. One who is con-
fined Jn no general rule or definition.

We ^uy or laug'> at Ui<^ taluoui eMiai'iganlt.
J iilanxitle

EXT

There are certain cxtravagaiitt among pmple of
all flies ar.d profellions. L'EJlr.mge.

E.xtra'vagajjtly. adv. [from extra-va-
gnnt. ]

1 . In an extravagant manner ; wildly.

Her pafTion was extravagantly new ;
But mine is much the madder of the two. Drydfi.

2. In an unreafonable degree.
Some are found to praife our author, and others

asralhly and extravagatilly contradidl his admirers.

Pope.

3. Expenfively; luxuricufly; waftefuUy;
profufely.

Extra'vagantxess. »./. l^rorci exlraua-
gnnl.] Exccfa ; excursion beyond limits.

To ExTR a'vac AT E H. a. [extra and vagar,
Latin.] To wander out of limits. DUJ.

Extra'va-s^ated. adj. [extra znAtn/a, La-
tin ] Forced out of the properly contain-
ing veflels.

The vifcuous matter, which lies like leather upon

the extravafated iriood of pleutetick pe.iplc, may be

dil&lvcd by a due degree of heat, Arbmbns: an AIL

Extra V AS a'tion. n f. [from extra'va-

J<ued.\ The aft of forcing, or ftate of

being forced out of the proper containing

veffels.

Aliment, too vifcuotm obftnifling the glands, and
by its acrimony corroding the fmall vellcb of the
lungs, after a rupture and exiravafatwH of blood,
eafily producei an ulcer. Arbuthnot.

ExTR/vvt'NATE. iidj. [extra 3.n^ 'vtna, La-
tin.] Let out of the veins.

That th-re is a magnetick way of curing wounds,
by anointing the weapon; and tftat thr wound is
effeflrd in like man:>er as is the extravtnav blood
by the fympathetick medicine, as to matter of fail,
is with circumrtanccs of good evidence afTerted.

Olanille's Scff>/h.
Extrave'rsion. ft../, [extra and 'verjlo,
Latin.] Tlie aCl of throwing out; the
ftate of being thrown out.

Nor does there intervene heat to afford them any
colour to prcimid ilia; there is made an eMraverjiun
of the fulphur, or of any of the two oilier fuppofed
principles. _ _ Boyle.

Extra'ucht. pnri. [This is an obfolete
parlicijile from exUatt ; as iijlraugkt from
dijlraa.] Extraded.

Shsm'ft thou not, knov/ing whence thoo art ex-
iraiighr,
To let ihy tongue deleO thy bafeborn heart ? i'/mit/.

EXTRE'ME. ndj. [e.xtrem/ts, L.atin. This
word is foinctimes corri^pted by the fu-
perlativc termination, of-Zv-hich it is by no
means capable, as it has in itfelf the fu-
perlative fignificatitm.]

I. Created ; of the highcft degree.

T!;c I.ord fhall fmite thee with a fever, an in-
flammation, and an «/c«(e burning. Dcul.xxv\it.7.z.

They thought it the ext<-emejl of evils to put
thcmfelves at the lliercy of thofe hungry and difor-
derly people. Bacon.

z. Utmoft.

The hairy ftol
Stood on \h' extremrjl verge of thefwlfl Vroolc,
Aiii:nenti:J3;, 1} with- tears. Soakefp. Atycu like It.

Mifciie'. ofe and Kauli laft he view'd.
That on the fe.i 's exti emejl borders ftood. Addifin.

3. L.-irt; that beyond which there is nothing.

Farcwei, ungrateful and unkind ! 1 go,
Condemii'd by iliec, toihofcfad Ihades below:
I go ih' fxtvemtjl remedy to prove.
To drink oblivion, and loctmch my love. Dryden.

4 Vrefiing in the Btmeft degree. •

Cafes 01 necelTity being fometime but urgent,
fometime extreme, the coiiflileration of puhlick utility

•EXT

is urgcdc({u>vuknt to the caiier kind 01 ncccifiiv.

iintkcr.

;. Rigorous ; Ihi^.

If tliou I>e extreme to marlc what is amifs, O
lord, who (hall abide it ? PJalmt,

Extr e'm e . n. /. [from the adjeftive.]

1. Utmoll point; higheft degree of any
thing.

Thiilicr by harpy footed furies hal'dy
At certain revolutions, all the damn'd
Are brought; and feel by turns the bitter change
Of fierce t-xtyeinesy extre»us by change more tierce J
From beds of raging ^>e to ftarve in ice
Their foft elhercal warmiii, and there to pine
Imn>oveable, inftx'd, and frozen round
Periods of time; thence hurried back to fire. Miltoft.

Avoid extre^tcSj and {Viun the faults of fuch
Who ftill are pleas'd too little, or too much. Pofn

They cannot bear that huir.an nature, which they
know to he imperfeft, lliould be raifed in an ex:remt,
without opporttion. Pofr's EJf.-iy on Homer.

2. Points at the grcateft diltance from each
other; extremity.

Tlie true Pit>i«ftant religion is (ituated in the<
golden mean ; the enemies unto her are the extreme*-
on either hand. BacoTn

The fyllogiftical form onl'^ (hews, that if the in-
termediate idea agrees with thofe ii is on both (id«»
immediately applied 10, then thole two remote ones,
or, as they are called, «/(-f/«j, do ccitainly agree.

Locke,

ExTRE'MELy, adv.[Siomexlremd.'\

1. In the utmoft degree-,.

She might he.ir, not far from her, an extremely
doleful voice; butfo fupprclfed with a kind of whil-
pering note, that iie could not cone «ve the wordi
dilUndly. _ Sidney,

2. Very much ; great ; in familiar language.
Whoever fees a (coundrel in a gown reeling home

at midnight, is apt to- be extremely comforted in his
own vices. Swijj.

Extr e'm ITV. »./. [extremitas, Latin,]
I. The utmoft point; the higheft tiegree.

He that will take away extreme heat by fettiflg
tliC body in extremity of cold, fhall undoubtedly
remove the difeafe ; but together with it the difealed
too. Hooker.

Sliould any one be cruel and unchari-tab'ic to that
extremity, yet this would not prove that propriety
gave any authority. Locke.

. The utmoft parts; the parts mod remote
from the middle.

in its pjoj.er colour it is inclining to white, ex-
ccf^ting tha exirrtnities or lops of llie wing leathers,
which artyack. Brown.

The extremities of the joints muft be feldnm hid-
den, and the iArru»i;V/" or end of the feet never.

Dryden*s Dujrefnny.

The extremity of pain often creates a coldnels in
xheextrfmities ; butluch a (enfation iivery confident
wi;h an inHammatory diilenipcr. Arliuthncl on Diet..

;. ■; he points in the utmoft degree of ep-
pofition, or at the utmoft diflance fronv-
cach other.
He's amanofthat (Vrangc compofition,

Made up of all the wortt extremities

i)f youih and ttgc. Denhum's Sofiyi

|. Remoteft parts; parts at the greateft di-
ftancc.

They fent fleets out of the Red Sea to the ex.
/ifm/.'jVr of >F.thiofia, and imported qu-intiiiei of
precious goods. Ariulbiwl.

5. Violence of paflion.
Wiih eijiiai mcafiire ffie did moderate

The Itroiig extremitiis o\ ilit-ir niiirajc. Spen/er.

If l-lhew no colour for my extremity, let me be

your4ablcfporl. Shakefpeure,

6. The utmoft violence, ligotir, or diltrefs.
Why fliould not the fame laws lake good efiefl

on that [leoplc, being prepared by the fword, and,-
brought under a-j ixtiimiiy. SJienj.r on JiUaiid.

Their hearts (he giietlcth.
And yields her to ixtnmily of time. Faiiy Quien.
He promil'cd, if ihc) ihould be bcfegtd, to re-
lieve them before they lliould be icducrd to ex-
in-milY. Clarendon;

It ihould be never fo expofed to the ex'nmtiy of
war u» to iallintotholflbaibaiou* Iftud*. L'lareit.lon.

Iwillx

E X U

I wifii i>«ace, ir^t any t«rm« prefer.

Before the Ui> rvd fmliifsoi war. JUr^ii. /«</. £m/.

' T. The rooft aggrarated ibte.

The world is rim-.iing mjj after farce, the ex-
trtmity o\ hii fottry X or rather the judgment that
is fallen upon dramieic writing. Dyi/. Pirf. Cltim.
7o b.'XTRlCATK. -v. a. {extnco. Latin.]
To difembamfs : to fet free any one in
a ftate of perplexity ; to difentangle.

We run in'o gKil difficulties aHout freecreatej

agents, which reafon cannot vieWtxliiculi itfclf out

of. ^"*'-

Theicire reliefs to nature, as they give her »n

opportunity of r.v.'"V4f;>g herfelf from her ojjprcf-

Cons, and recovering (he feveral tones ind fpiings

ofhervelTels. AdJiJon.

tlxTRlCA'TtON. n.f. [from extricate.] 1 he

aft of difentiingling; difentanglement.

Crude fait has a tafte not pioperly acid, but fuch
as predominates in brine ; »nd it does not appear,
that this acid fpirit did as fuch pre-ciiftin the fait
whence it was obtained, fo that we may fuppofe it
to have been nude rather by tranfroutation than tx.
tricalion. *y''-

EXTRI'NSICAL. aJJ. [extrin/ecm Latin.]
' External; outward; not intiniately be-
longing ; not intrinCck. It is commonly
written fo, but analogy requires exiriit-

Jtcl- ' ^ r

A body cannot move, unlefs it be moved by fome
txtrinfictl agent ; abfurJ it is to think that a body,
fcy a qualic in it, can work upon itfelt. Digh-

Neither is the atom by any extrlufical impulfe
diverted from its natural courfe. RaycntheCreathn.
Outward objeits, that are cxtrinjjcalto the mind ;
and its own operations, proceeding from powers in-
winfical, and proper to itfelf, which, when rcflefled
on by itfelf, become alfo obje£Js of its contempla-
tion, are the original of all knowledge. Loch.
Extri'nsically. ad'v. [from exiri/ijical.]
From without.

If to fuppofe the foul a diftinft fubftance from

the body, and extrinfually advenient, be an error,

almoft all the world hath been miftakcn. GlanvUU.

Extri'nsick. adj. [extrittfeais, Latin.]

Outward ; external.

When they cannot (hake the main fort, they try

it they can polfcfs themfelves of the outworks, raife

fome prejudice againfthi* mort«/r;r/(<-X adherents.

Go%!r>iinent of ike Tongui.

Rxtrinfick modes are fuch as arife from fome-

thing that is not in the fubjeit or fubftance itfelf;

but it is a manner of being which fome fubftances

attain, by realon of f.imething external or foreign

to the fubjea; as, this globe lies within two yards

of the wall; this man is beloved or hated. IValii.

T» EXTRU'CT. v. a. [extnio, extruaum,

Latin. 3 To huild ; to raife; to form into

a ftrufture.

ExTRu'cTOR.//./. {Kmraextrua.l Abuild-

er ; a fabricator ; a contriver.
To Extru'de. I". /I- \extmdo, Latin.] To
thruft off; to drive off; to pufh out with
violence.

If in any part of the continent they found the
(hells, they concluded that the fea had \xinixlrudcd
and driven off by the mud. WoJward' t Nat. tliji.

Extru'sion. »./. [extrujui, Latin.] The
aft of thrufting or driving out.

They fuppofe the channel of the fea formed, and
mountains and caverns, by a violent depreflion sf
fome part* of the earth, and an cxtru/wn and elc-
vauon of others. Uurnel.

Extu'berakce.«./ [^jrand/wtfr, Lattn.J
Knobs, or parts , protuberant ; parts that
rife from the reft of the body.

The gouge takes <ifi the irregularities or extu-

itiji.ctt that lie farthell from the axis of the work.

Mt-xon'i Mtrb. Exfr.

Exw'berance. «. /. [exuberalio, Latin.]

Overgrowth ; fuperfiuous flioots ; ufcleft

abundance ; luxuriance.

E XU

Men edcem the overflowing of gall the txuie-
rMceoimX, and all the promifes of of the faithful
combatant they confidently appropriate. Dfcay of Fi.
Though he expatiates on the fame thoughts in
difFercnt words, yet in his fimilies that exubeiavct is
avoided. Garth.

EXU'BERANT. adj. [exuberam, Latin.] ,
I. Growing with fuperfiuous fhoots ; over-
abundant; fuperHuoufly plenteous; luxu-
riant.

Another Flora thereof bolder hues,
' Plays o'er the fields, and lliowers with fudden hand
Exuierarrl fprings. Tbomfon's Spring.

His fimilies have been thought too exuberant, and
full of circumftances. Pope's Preface to the Iliad.

z. Abounding in the utmoft degree.

Such immenfe power, fuch unfearchable wifdom,
and fuch exuberant goodnefs, as may jul\ly rayilh
us to an amazement, rather than a bare admira-
tion. Boyle's Seraphic Love.
A part of that exuberant devotion, with which
the whole affembly raited and animated one another,
catches a reader at the gicateft diftance of time.

Addifon's Freeholder.
Exu'berantlv. ad'v. [from exuberant.]
Abundantly ; to a fuperfiuous degree.

A confiJerable quantity of the vegetable matter

lay at the furface of the antediluvian earth, and

rendered it exuberantly fruitful. IVood-ward.

roExu'sERATE.'U. n. \exubero,'Li.\.\n.'\'Vo

abound in the higheft degree.

All the lovelinefs imparted to the creature is lent
it, to give us enlarged conceptions of that vaft con-:
fluence 'and immenfity that exuieratet in God.

Boyle's Seraphick Love.

Exu'ccous. adj. [exfuccus,lM.n.'\ With-
out juice; dry.

This is to be efFeifted not only in the plant yet
growing, but in that which is brought exuccaus and
dry unto us. Broivn.

Exuda'tion. n.f. [from fXK^o, Latin.]
I. The aft of emitting in fweat; the aft
of emitting moifture through the pores.

The tumour fometimes arifes by a general exu-
dation out of the cutis. ff'ifeman's Surgery.

. The matter iffuing oat by fweat from
any body.

The gum of trees, fhining and clear, is but a
draining of the juice of the tree through the wood
and bark ; and Comilh diamonds, and rock rubies,
which are yet more refplendent than gums, are the
fine exudations of (lone. Bacon's Nat. Hijl.

If it hath more dew at noon than in the morn-
ing, then it feemeth to be an exudation of the herb
itfelf. ^''"''■

Cuckowfpittle, or woodfere, that fp-mous frothy
dew, or exudation, or both, is found efpecially about
the joints of lavender and rofemary. _ Brotvn.

T'oExu'date. 1 1». «. [e.xudo, Latin.] To
To Exu'de. i fweat out; to iffuc out
by fweat.

Some perforations in the part itfelf, through
which the humour included doth exudate, may be
obferved in luch as are frelh. Brown's Vulg. Err.

The juices of the flowers, are, firft, the expreffed
juice; fecondly, a volatile oil, wherein the fmell of
the plant prefides; thirdly, honey, exuding from
all flowers, the bitter not excepted. Arbutbnut.

To Ex u'd ATE. "I I', a. To force out, or
To Exu'de. J throw out, as by fweat.
To EXU'LCERATE. 'V. a. [e.xulcero, Lat.]
I . To make fore with an ulcer ; to affeft
with a running or eating fore.

Cantharides, applied to any part of the body
touch the bladder and exulcerale it, if they (lay on
long. B-V-""-

That the faliva hath a virtue of macerating bo
dies, .ippears by the eflSrtts in taking away warts,
Ibmelimes exkUeraling the jaws, and rotting the
tjjih. Hay on ibe Creation.

The ftagnating ferum turning acrimonious, exul-
cerates and putrilies the bowels. Arbutbntt on Diet.

1 . To afflift ; to corrodcj t« enrage.

EYE

Thoughts, myformentors,arm'dwitli<leadlyftiiigi.
Mangle my apprehenfive tendered parts,
Exafperate, exulceratt, and raife
Dire inflammation, which no cooling herb
Ormedicinalliquorcan alTuage. Mi/ton's Agonijles.
ExulceRa'tion. n.f. [from exulceiatc]
1. The beginning cronon, which wears
away the fubftance and forms an ulcer.

^uittcy.
z. Exacerbation ; corrofion.

This exulceration of mind made Iiim apt to take

all occafions ot contradiction. Hooker.

Exu'lceratory. adj. [from extilctrate.}

Having a tendency to caufe ulcers.
To EXULT, x-. «. [f.*-a//o, Latin.] To re-
joice above meafure; to triumph; to be
in high exaltation of gladnefs.

The whole world did feem to exult that it had
occafion of pouring out gifts to fo blelTed a purpofe.

Hoolttr,
Who might be your mother,
-That you infult, exult, and rail, at once
Overthe wretched? Shakefpeare't Asyoullke'st.

Exu'ltance. «./. [from^Ar«/^J Tran-
fport; joy; triumph; gladnefs; exultation.

We have great caufe of exultance and joy, God't
fervice bei ng the moft pcrfeil freedom. Grv. Tongue.

Exult a'tion.«./. [exultath, latin.] joy i
triumph ; rapturous delight.

Good efFefts may grow in each ef the people
towards other, in them all towards their paftor, and
in theirpaftor towards every of them; between whoa
there daily and interchangeably pafs, in the hearing
of God himfelf, and in the prefence of his h«ly
angels, fo many heavenly acclamations, exultatidu,
provocations, petitions. Hatter.

Devotion infpires Men with fentiments of religiout
gratitude, and fwells their hearts with inward tran-
fports of ioy and exultation. Addifon's Freeholder,

To EXU^NDATE. V. n. \exundo, Lat. J To
overflow.

Exunda'tion.»./. [from w««&/^.] Over-
flow; abundance.

It is more worthy the Deity to attribute the.crea-
tion of the world to the exumaiion and overflowing
of histranfcendent and infinite goodnefs. Ray.

Exu'perable. ai^'. [extiperabilis , Latin.]
Conquerable; fuperable; vincible.

Exu'perance. n.f. \exuperantia, Lat.]
Overbalance ; greater proportion.

Rome hath lefs variation than London; for on

the Weft fide of Rome are fcated France, Spain,

and Germany, which take off the exuferance, tni

balance the vigour of the Eaftern parts. Broium.

To Exu'sciTATE. i;. a. [exf/t/dto, Latin.]

To ftir up ; to roufe.
Exu'sTioN. »./. [<?Ar;//?io, Latin.] The aft

of burning up ; confumption by fire.
EXV'ri^^. n.f. [Latin.] Caft (kins; caft
fhells; whatever is thrown off, or ftied
by animals.

.They appear to be only the (kin or txuviee,
rather than entire bodies of (ilhes. Wood-ward.

Ey. 7 May either come from 15 an ifland,
Ea. J- by melting the Saxon 5 into y,
Ee. J w'hich is ufually done; or from
the Saxon ea, which fignifies a water, ri-
ver, ^c. or, lallly, from 1633, a field, by
the fame kind of melting. Gibfen.

Ev'as. «./■. [7"fl/>, French.] A young hawk
juft taken from the neft, not able to prey
for itfelf. Hanmer.

An aiery of children, little eyefes, that cry out.

Sbakefptarr.

Ey'asmuskkt. n.f. A young unfledged

male hawk of the mulke't kind. Hanmer.

Here comes little Robin.— How now, my eyaf~

mufket ; what news with you ? Sbakefp.

EYE. «. /. cbfolete plural tjnt, now ejet.

EYE

XsTga

^a, Gothick; eaj, Saxon j tog, Dutch ;
fe, Sicottilh, plur. eeiie.'\
I. Tlie organ of vilion ; the medium of the
fenfe of fight. j.

Good iir John as you have enc tyc upon my fol-
lies, turn another into thcVcgifteror your own, that
I may pals with a reproot' oiFthe eafier. SLiirfpejit.
Vouehfafe, bright moon, and thefc thyllar^tolhiric,
Thofc clouds remorM, upon our watry tyits, SbakrJ,

Nor Joih the cyt irfclf,
Thu rr, " ' ;t at fenl'e, behold itfelf,

Kotg. 1 ; but &ycs oppofcd,

Silute :.!- -. .iheatrh other's lorm; • Siairfp.

Helcepthtmistheapplcofhis^f. D^nr.xxiii. to.

As Ion; loo'iiint; agaioft the tun or lire huricth

the fjr by diLtation ; (o curious pttiiting in fmall

volumes, and reading of fmall letxrc, do hurt tlie

djff by contraction. Biico/t,

fiis awUi! prcfence did the crowd furprizc,
. Nor durll the rafli fpc^ator meet )iij ^yfsi
£yf/ ihjtconter?M hin» horn for kingiy fwiy,
Sotieice, tliey riaihM intolerabh day. OtyJtM.

But fure the /;<'of time bciioldsiio^aiae
So bled as thire ip all the rolls ot fjmi. Poff.

e. Sight ; ocular knowlegc.

VVhd hath bcwi;i:h..'d you, that you IhouUl not
obey the truth, before whofe yrj Jcfut Chrift ha'ih
been evidently fet forth? GaL'ui. i.

J. Look; coDntenance.

Til fay yon grey is not the morning's eyr,
'Tis but the pale reflex of Cynthia's brow, Sbahefp.

4. ^- ••• : !':ice.

lis wxirlhy nobleman,
1--. -, - ixardifprovcd toyour r^rr, Sh-i^ffp.

5. A pofture of direft oppofition, where
f" • ''^'r- ;t in thefame line with anotl^r.

, en either fide, they nimbly tacic,
I itercept and guide the wind;

And 111 Its ey< more clofely tliey come back.
To finifti all the deaths they left beliiad. Drydcn.
O. AfjKft; regard. .

Having an tyc to a number of Titej txA oeder:
i.-i the church of England, as marrving with the
ring; fuadry church-oifices, digniiie>, and callings,
for which they found nocummandmeni in the holy
Scripture, they thought b» tbe oocooly lltokeof an
axiom to haie cut them ott. Hnktr.

As in Scripture a number of laws, particular and
pofitive, being in force, may not by any law of min
Bt violated j we are, in making laws, to have Ihere-
uoto an efpccial ryt. Hoolcr.

The man that is tender among you, and very de-
licate, hii ryti Ikall not be evil towards hit bioiher.

DtMt.

lie that hath a bountiful rye (hall be blerted. Prir..

None rtiould be put into either of thofc com-
mifliin!, with an <yf of fayour to their peifons, to
give them counieiunce or reputation in the places
where ihey live. BacM n rWUn.

Thefe are intrinfick dIBicullies jrili.-ij from the
test itliclf, aa the jincerUiniy Ibmetimet who are the
ferfons he fpeaks to, or the opiniooa or prafliccs
which he has in his eye. Jiccir.

Winds and hurricanes at laod, lempeftsand Itorms
at fea, have always been looted upon with as evil
an eye as earihiuakes. If'ciiii'arifi Nat. IVJI.

iseveral performances have been jiiftly applauded
for iheir wii, which have been VMitien with au eye
to (bis predominant humour of the town.

We were the moft obedient crcatuies in the world,

■*""'^"' ' ' ■■ ' ' - .., the

•"^ ^°' l.,lor.

Jv 'l' ■'■'>■'

to her bei;.j < wie, ..nd provided that the bridegroo'm

»e a man of (ound judgment. Tttler.

mention with rcfped) the authors thoy
nd confeijuently luvc an rye to their

"■■ S- AJiUfr.n.

7. Notice; obfcrvation ; vigilance ; watch.

Not falisfiej with our oaih, he appointed a band
ef horfcmen to have an eye that we Ihould not go
kej.iiid apcointed limits. SUmy.

Lawmikers muft have an rye to the place where,
and to the men amongll ijhom. Ihi^krr.

Hii Majefty hath tart bi»»>rt upon jroii, islind-

Voi.. I.

E Y EI

ing you to be fuch as you 'fliouH be, or hopm; ta

make you to be fuch as he wojild hiiVe ybu'te be. ^

■ • ' ■ '; iiaccn.

If the Englilh had driven the IriHiinfb'the open
countries, where they might have an ••)■? arid bbL
fervation upou them, the frifh had bten esfily kept
in prder. Otiv'n'in Trriand.

Spenfer has followed both Virgil and Theocritus
in the charms which he employii fti.r curing Bxi-
lomartis of her love; btit He. had alio oar poet's
Ceiris in his f)"-. T.ir-.t i Drydrn't jSji.

Mifdouht my conllancy; ^nd do not try;
1 But ftay, and ever keep itt? in your ryr. •UrMen.

Alter this jealdttfy he kept a AuSCeye npori Jiitri/- ,
■-' '- \ ■ . ■ L'K/lrexi^e,

This method of teic^ing children by a repeated
praffice, nndct the rye jnd dirediion of the tutor,
'till they haw golxhc habit 01 doing wcil, has ma:i^
advantages. Lctle.

8. Opiaiim formed by obfcrvation.

Si.e toldhcrbujbiadrthe del>giu:d to be btautifal

ill no bod^'a .ye but his. ^ • 1 . ■ Siditrt.

t It hath,. in their eye, no great iHinity with the

I form of the church ot Kame. . > ' Ileoier.

Like one of two contending'in a pri*r.
That tliiuks heJiJth done weti in people's i'vj. SxKtL

i was as lar trom medicauug a vh'ar, aa 1 was, 1:1
the r>'c of the world, fruia havisig any preparauons
for one. - Xing Ci at/ej ,

Though he in all the people 'srjvriiecDi'd g^reat.
Yet greater he appcar'd in his retreat. De.rb^m.

9. Sight; view; the place in which any
thing may be fccn.

There (lull he prai'lifc lilti and lotii'n.lnicnff,
Hear fweet difcourl'e, convene at;h noblemen;
And be, in eye of every eaercifr.
Worthy bis youth and ooblencfs of birth. SiaJte/p.

to. Any thing formed like an eye.

IWe fee colours like the eye <ft ^ peacock ''. . feather,
by preffing our fya on either .ci)ipcri w
tnc other way.

U. Any fmall pcrforat!'.

This Ajax has not fo r

k.

Ini^-

the naii»w sr>y
■ iriiads

p ...

}.:

to heaveu? l>o. r.ot ihe^ mai
much narrower, and conttaiik the' gate whtilf
to life 10 the Ureightnefs of a oeedie't eye f Smth.
12. A fmall catch inlQ which a hook gt)cs.

Thole parts, if they cohere to one another but
by reft only, may be lAuch more eafily dilfuciated,
and pui (::io motion by any cxiernal body, than they
could be, it they were by little hooks and ryej, or
other kind of faltenings entangled iu ona another.

Boyle.

15. 'Bad of a plant. _

Prune and cut im aU rotir vine movts to tlic wry
root, fare one nr two of the llouteft, lo'ie left with
three or four rye< of ynuri» wool. Evetyi'j JCa/ea.

14. A fmall (hade of colour.

The ground indeed is f m-ny.
— With an eyr of green in'r." Shate/frnre't tanprjl.
Red wtih ail rye of blue mukes a purple. Hiyle.

15. Power of perccptiofr.

The eyei of jour undcrftanding being enlightened.

Hfb. i.
A gift dolh blind^the eyeia\ the wife.

: ' ; . Drut. irvi. 19.

To Eye. t-. a. [from the noun.] 'I o
watch; to keep in view; toobfe.-ve; to
look on ; 10 gaze on.

When they are \m\ in gtrrifon, tlie^M. 'i^ (>ett*r
hide their del.i:ili$ il.in. when they »n in lainp,
where they He eoniinually rteJ and wied ot jl)
""0. a^cufei id, lrcj,t>,J.

Full many .i li-ly
I've eydvn\U bcft regard. S/uir/f. Tcm/,r/.

The kitchen Malkin rim
Her richrll iockram 'bout her reeky neck,
Clamb'riiig the walls lo rye him. .^'t.|;f. Ccrhi.inui.

Ihd the cheek be rr;uJy with a bhilh,
Modeft ai morning, when the coldly eyet
The youihlul Phabuj. SlikeJ. TrJ/ni axd Crtff.

Bold deed thou hall prefi ra'il, advent'ious Kve,
And peril great pruvofd, who thus hath dar'd,

E T 'E •!

I Hjd it been only coTelingto'yi^ •
I •TlMtfiicred fnii't. .. MikM's t^jrjiPfr l.nJI.

I Sucii a ftoryas tlie bafililk'is that of the wolt.
concerning j^rioiity ot rifion, that a man becomes
. hoarfe isd dumbv'if the, wialf have the. advantage .'
hfit tojvf l»tm«'- ,; . ,; ■■;, Broii'x.

It v>aSyjicedfuI for the hare perpetually to rye \vr
■ pmliiing enemy. More's '.InuJbte liguinjl Atue'fn.
Then gave it to his faithful fquire,
With leHbfis how t' obferve and eye her. fiuJiirat.
Eye nature^ walks, Ihoot folly as it flies, • '''

' And mttb the manners living as tliey life. ., P^.*
I Have a box when tuniichs ling, - ') ; ■•

: -Anil fo:einoll iu the circle ,yc a king. Pcfe'i IhtJce.
To EYE. 1-. It. To appcaf ; to ihow ; ip
; bear an appcsiratice. Not ofed.

Forgive me, - - •

' Since my becomings kill me wlfcn they do not
Eye vitW to you. Sbcikrfp. Anioty .mj Clrofttia.

pv 'eb ALL. K. /. [eye antl kall.\ '1 he apple
I ,oii the eye ; the' pupil. '
i , ^ fuhjedt to no liglii' but tnitie ; 'iBvifible
j Tocicry yv/itf.'^clU. .,SluUJf..Temji!jl.

1 Iccl xny hair grow ftifTfc icy flyi'^iJtVj toll.
This is life only form could lV.ik.e.oiy foijl. Drydin.

Slot when ^ gilt bulfet's rcllecled pride
Turns you fioii> found philolbphy afide, ■
Not when from pUic to [late )Our eyehalh roll.
And the brain dances to the mantling bowl. Pope.
Ei'EBRi SHT. a./. \aiipkr<7f!a, Latin.] A

plant, called by Milton Hnphrajy..
pv'tBRow. ;»,/, fiyr.andiow.] The hairy
?rch' over the eye. ^ • .

The lovef,
rSichingl.ilcje a furnace, with a wofnl ballad
Nfa Je to tiU inilLef^' eybrex, Sb,ak. Asyou like it.
On tha fcvenih day Ke (hall fhave all his hair off
his head, his beard^i)iid his ^Ylb)<'•wt. in-, xiv, 9.
I Above ftand the ye^oCtV, to'kccpanj thing from
, running down upon the eyes; a drops of fweat from
I the' forehead, or dult. .. ' Ray.

The b.iUs.Bf his broad eyes roll'd ip his head,
Andglai'J betwixt a jellow and a ted; •'

j iHb lookM.a-lion with a gloomy ibrc,
.And o'e» his ryrlirotfi hung liK matted hair. Dryii.

E^ErO. aiij. rfro_ijv^r.:]'..ilajifing.eycs; ufed
in conipomion.

Scene leliquclof the true^anliqulty»
.TilOMgh dish;Mred, a wellyerf JJUUi
May happily diftover. Spenfer^

I '11 not be made a foft and iuW-eyeJ fool.
To fhake the head, relent, and ligh, and yield
ToChrilfian iotercelfors. Hitair/peaee.

Ey'fdrop. n.f. [eye and d>v/>.[ Tear.

I V which never quitt but Wood,

.}J iJing Imn, h^jc walli'd his knife

W.,„ f ..i.v ■y.Jropt. Slai,-/p. Henry VT.

Ev'tci.ANCE. ff./. [eje and g/eince.j Quick
notice of the eye.

Hi- counteojnce was bold, and baflied not
Fur Guyon's looks; but fcornful ey^/jwr at him
Ihot. t'aity £>iir,i>,

Ey'eolass. n. /. [f}e an<\ g/ei/f.] "Specta-
clcs ; glafs to alTiit the fight.

Ha' you not fccn Camillo?
- Rut that's paft doubt you have; or yovir Kffglafi '
Ij thicker thin a euokoWs horn. ' S/takr/p.

Hy comparing it with a good perfpcflivc of tour
foot in length, made with a co.icave eyegUfi, t
could lej I ..t .. -71^,1 -I ,i;i(.u\ce .with my oun in*
tlromeiii AVwro*.

Ey'm.a^;'. .,,.., -a' lrjh.1 Theliil-6-

of hair that ctlLc* the. eyelid. .,< , ,
Ey's'less. adl. ■^froin yr.j Wanting evc's;
Cghtlefs; deprived of fight.

A'proclaim'd prize! mod happy!
That eyelifs head of thine was tirff fr.im'd flcUi
To raite my fonunes. Sbakrfp. A/r* I.rnr.

Promifr was, that I
Should Ifrael from Pluliltian yoke deliver: .

Aik for ihii great deliverer now, and hnd him
EyrUft in G.ija, at tl^e null viihliavcs. MIllM.

Pentheus durft deride .
The chejrteJ pcop[e, ani ihc <yir/e/5 juide. AJil!f<.'\
4 '^ Mconiic't

EYE

MeonidtJ,
ToOt tft/r/i Mgtim. ■ Philips,

Cyclop, if any pitying thy dirgrjcc,
A(k who distigai 'd thus that tytifji face. Fn^,

Ev'fLET.a.y; \aillet, French, a link eye.]
A hole through which light may enter;
any fmall perforation for a lace to go
through.

Slitting the back and 6ngen of a glnvr, I made
tyfUt holes to draw it dofe. H'ifimaiCi Surgtyy,

Ey'elid. »./. \eye and lid.\ The inem-
brane that fliuts over the eye.

Mark when (he fmiles with amiable cheer.
And tell me whereto can ye liken it !

When on each eyeliJ (wcei\y do appear
An hundred graces as in (hade to fit. Sfertfer'sSoxi.

On my tytlidi is thelhadow of death. j»i. xvi. i6.

Tetcb me ihac flower; the herb I |]Kw'd thee once;
The juice of it on fleepiog tjtiidt laid.
Wilt make or man or woman madly doat
Upon the next live creature that it fees. Sbalrfp,

The Turks have a black powder, made of .1 mi-
neral called alcohol, which with s fine long pencil
they lay under their ryrliJi, which doih colour
black, whereby the white of the eye is fet oiT more
white. Bacon's Natural Hifiarj.

At length, the crackling noife and dreadful blaze
CallM up fome wakinglover to the light;
And bng it was ere he the reft could raifc,
■Wlwfe heavy eytUJi were yet lull of nighf. Dryden.
Eyese'rvant. «./. \fye •mA/ervant,'] A
fervant that works only while watched.]
Eyese'rvice. »./. [eye vmA /er^ice.l Ser-
vice performed only under infpeftion.

Servants obey in all things your mailers; not with
tyfervici, as men-pleafcrs, but in finglenel's of heart.

Col. iii,
EV'eshot. ». /. [e)e and /5s/.] Sight;
glance ; view.

i muft not think of fharing the booty before I am

free from danger, aud out of rytjhot from the other

yrindows. Diyden.

I have preferved many a ycung man from her

eytjhoi by this means. Sftdator,

Ey'esight. »./. \1ye2sA fight. "l Sight of
the eye.

The Lord hath recompeofed me according to my
■leannefs in his ty-;figbt. z &im.

E y E

VfeihinJcs I Tee thee, now thou artbitow,
As one dead in the bottom of a tomb ;
Either my ryjight fails, or thou look'ft pale, Sbak.

Though fight be loft.
Life yet bath manyfolaces, enjoy'J
Where other fenfcs want not their delights.
At home in leifure and domeftick eafe.
Exempt from many a care and chance, to which
Eytfiobt cxfohi daily men abroad. MHtan'i Ag^n.

Jolcphus fe:s this down from his own eyjighi,
bemg himfelf a chief captain at the ficge ot Jopata,
where thcfc events happened. Irilkim.

He blind; the wife, giv^sfyfyf^fi/ to the blind.
And moulds and (tamps anew the lover's mind. Oryd.
Ey'esore, n.f. [eye anA fore,'] Something
offenfive to the light.

Hath the church of Chrift, from the firrt begin-
nine, by a fecret univerfal inftinft of Cod's good
fpirit, always tied itfelf to end neither fermon, nor
almoft .my fpeech of moment, which hath con-
cerned matters of God, witliout fame fpecial words
of honour and glory to the Trinity, which we all
adore; and is the like conclulion of pfalms become
now, at length, an eye/ore^ or a galling to the ears
thai hear it i H^nktr.

Fy, do(F this habit ; (hamc to your cftate,
And eytforc to our folemn feltival. S hair f peart.

As toon as the two lord:^ came thither tiiey covered,
to the trouble of the other ; but having prcfer.tly to
fpeak, they were quickly freed from that eyrjure.

Ctarindati.

Mordecai w'v 3n ryf/orf to Haman. L'tjlungc,

He's the belt piece of ma;>'s fle(h in the market ;
not an eyefsrt in his whole body. Dryd. Dm Sch.
Eyespo'tted. adj.\eyc v^Afput.] Maiketl
with fpots like eyes.

Nor Juno's bird, in htt eyrffolled Ui\n.
So many goodly colours doth contain, . Sptrijii;

Eyestring. ». /. [eye anA Jiri'/g.] The
firing of the eye ; the tendon by which
the eye is moved,

I would have brpke mine eytjiring!; crackt them, but
To look upon him. iibahff. CyK:be!i/jf.

To know whether the (lieep arc found or not,
fee that their gums be red and the eyfjirings ruddy.

Mortimtr.
Ey'htooth. n. f. [eye and tooth.'] The
tooth on the upper jaw next on each fide
to the grinders ; the fang.

E Y R

The ne«t tooth on each fide ftronger and deeper
rooted, and more pointed, called canini, in Engliih
tjettcib, to (ear the more tough fort of aliments.

Ray on the Creaiion.

Ey'kwink. n. f, {eye and nxiink.] A wink.

ly'kwink. n.f,[eyea
as a hint, or token.

They would have won any woman's heart; and,
I warrant you, they could iKvcrgctanywi'/iof her.

SbaJceJpeare,

Evewi'tnfss, »./. [eye znd tuitttefs.] An
ocular evidence; one who gives tcftimo-
ny to fa(rts feen with hi: own eyes.

We midc known unto you the power and coming
of our Lord Jcfus Chrift, and were eytviiintjfts ai
his majefty. » P*t,

To meet him all his faints, who iileat ftood
Eye^vitfieff'es of bis almighty afts.
With jubilee advanc'd. Mihon'iParadife LoJI,

The curious, by laying together circumllancesr
atteftations, and charaders of thofe who are am-
ccroed in them, either receive or reje£t what al (irft
but eyeviitnrffet could abfolutcly believe or dHbelicve.
Addifon on the Cbrijlian Religion.

Eyre. »./. [eyre, French ; iter, Latin.] The
court of julHccs itinerants ; and juftices in
eyre are thofe only, which Bradon in many
places Cd.\hJNjtkiarioi itinerantes. The eyrt
alfo of the foreft is nothing but the
juftice-feat, otherwife called ; which is,
or fhould, by ancient cuftom, be held
every three years by the juftices of the
foreft, journeying up and down to thai
purpofo. Corwel,

Ev'rv. .»/./. [from <>•, an egg.] The place
wliere birds of prey build their nefts and
hatch.

But I was bom fo high.
Our eyrlt buildeth in thecedais top.
And dallies with the wind, and (corns the fun. Shak.

The eagle and the lloilc.
On clifis and cedar-tops their eyries build. MUton,

Some lug^ard hawk, who had her eyry nigh.
Well pounc'd to filien, and well wing'd to fly.

Dryda:.

F.

FA confonant generally reckoned by
authors, and admitted by Scaliger,
^ among tlie femi-vowels, and ac-
^ cording to that opinion diftin-

fuifhed in the enumeration of the alphabet
y a name beginning with a vowel, which
yet has fo far the nature of a mute, that
it is eafily pronounced liefore a liquid in
the fame fyllable. It ha.s in Englifh an
invariable found, formed by conipiedion
of the whole lips, and a forcible breath.
Its kindred letter is V, which, in the
IHandick alphabet, is only dillinguilhed

FAB

from it by a point in the body of ilxe

letter.
Faba'ceus. adj. [falaceus, Latin.] Having

the nature of a bean. Diil,

FA'BLE. n.f. [fable, French ;/«Wa, Lat.]

1. A feigned ftory intended to enforce fome
moral precept.

Jotham's /.;//•■ of \Se trees is the olJeft exrant,
and as beauiilul as any made lincc. Add-j*Ki '"^/^c'i.

2. A fiftion in general.

Triptolemus, fo fung the nine,
Strcw'd plenty from his cirt divine;
Bi»t, fpite of all ihofey^jA/i -makers,
He never iow 'd on Almaijn acres. Jhyicn.

FAB

Palljijius coming to die fomewhere in the north
part of Britain, may fecm to give fome kind ot
countenance to thofe fables that make him to have
lived many years among the Scots. Uoyd.

3. A vitious or foolifh fidion.

But refute profane and old vi'wtifailes. I 7im. it,

4. The feries or contexture of events which
conftitute a poem epick or dramatick.

The moral is the (irft bufinefs of the poet : this
being formed, he contrives fm.h a defign ox fable as
may be moil fuitabie to the moral. Pr^den's Dufvff.

The (irft thing to be conlidered in an epick poem
is the fable, which is perfedt or impcrfefl, ac-
cording as the aftion, wliich it relates, is more or
iefs fo. Addifon' s SftHuttr.

FA B

5. A lye; a vicious falfehood. This fenfe
is merely familiar.

1 1 would look like a fable to report that this gen-
tleman gives away a great ' -tune by fecret methods.

Addifon.
To Fa'ble. v. n. [from the noun. J
|. To feign; to write not truth but fiftion.

That Saturn's fons receix'd the three-fold reign
Of heav'n, of ocean, and deep hell beneath,
Old poets vitaimn f Ming, Pricr.

Vain now the tales which fahlirtg poets tell.
That wav'riog conqucft ftill delires to rove !
In Marlbro's camp the goddels knows to dwelt.

Prior.

z. To tell falfehoods; to lyc; a familiar
ufe.

Htfailes noi: I hear the enemy. .Via*. Hen.Vl.
To Fa^bli . -v. a. To feign ; to tell falfcly.

We mean to win.
Or torn this heaven itlelf into the hell
Tltoii/ai/rj}. Milton' sParaJife Lift.

Ladies of th' Hefperidcs, they feem'd
Fairer than feign'd of old, oifabi'd fincc
Of fairy damfcls met in forett wide.
By kni jliB. Milt'.n's Paradife Left.

Fa'blso. adj. [from_/ai/r.] Celebrated in
fables.

Hail, /t^a/ grotto! hail, Elyfian foil !
Thou fairelV fpot of fair Britannia'* ifle ! Tickcll.

Fa'bler. n. /. [fromy«^/i:.J A dealer In

fi^ion ; a writer of feigned ftories.
TaFA'BRICATE. t. a. [fabncor, Latb.]

1, To build; to conftrufl.

2. To forge; to devife falfely. This fenfe
is retained among the Scottifh lawyers ;
for when they fufpeft a paper to be forged,
they (ay it \% fahritatt,

Fabrica'tion. w. /. [from fabricate.']
The ad of building ; conftruftion.

This fakrication of the human body is the im-
mediate work of a vital principle, that formeth the
firtt rudiments of the homan nature. Half,

Pa'brick »./. [Jabrica, Latin.]

1. A building; an edifice.

There muft be an cxqiiiiitc care to place the co-
luortDs, fet in leveral ftories, m >li prrcifcly 00c over
a.nother, that (o the folid may anfwcr (o the folid,
sod (he vacuities to the vacuities, as wcU for beauty
» llretigth of ihe fatrick . Hetton,

2. Any fyftem or compages of matter; any
body formed by the conjunflion of dif-
fitnilar parts.

Still will ye think it ftran<;e.
That ail the parts of this gtnt/^iirid change ;
Qu!tiheifoldftalionmrf primeval frime. Prior.
y» Fa'brick. v. a, [from the noon. J To
build ; to form ; to conftrufl.

Shew what lav.-s of life
The cheefe inhabitants obfervc, and how
h'jii'iii theirmanfions, Plulifi,

Fa'bui.ist. ;/. / [fabulijie, French.] A
writer of fables.

Quining ^fop and the faiiilifti, he copies Boc-

«^<- Cr<,xal.

Our bard's ufabidift, and deals in fidJion. Canick.

Fabulo'sity. n. /. {fabuUjilas , l^tin.]

Fuincis of feigned ftories ; fabulous in-

Tcntion.

Jntheir/iWi>//y they report, that (hey had ob-
femtioni lor twenty thoufand years.

Abbot' 1 Drfrlpt. of the tf'(,rU.

FA'Bt't.ous. adj. \fabttloJut, Latin.] Feign-
ed ; full of fal.'.es, invented talcs,

.'. 'lied with the imaxinatioD of fpeflrcs,

•' "i'le than one who thii.ks the ap-

pej -^...lifabuiout and groundlcfi. Addift.n.

Fa'bulously. adv. \ from fabiihui.] In
fiction ; in a fabulous manner.

There are many thinjs/uii,A«/7,. delivered, »nd
«re nottobe»ttej>tedaj ttuihs. Brvwn'tyulg.Err.

F A C

FACE. H.f. [face, French, ftoxdfacies, Lat.]

1. The vifage.

The children of Ifracl faw the face of Mofcs, that
the llcin of Wjfcs'sfare ihonc. £x(id. xxxiv. j j.

A man Hiall (ic fucirs, which, if you examine
them p:\rt by p:rt, you (hall never find good; but
take them together, are not uncomely; Bicom

From beauty Hill to beauty ranging.
In ev:-r\ face 1 found a d;irt. A-^di/ott's Spe^alar,

2. Countenanccj call of the features; lix)k ;
air of the face.

Kick'd but, we fet the htSfae on't we could.

Dryden'i Virg.

Seii'd and ty'd down to judge, how wretched 1 !
Who can't be lileiit, and who wiH not lye ;
To laugh, were want of gcwdnefs and of grace ;
And to be grave, exceeds all pow er otyirr. Poft,

3. The furface of any thing.

A mift wittered the wholcyt/cc of the ground. Gen,

4. The front or forepart of any thing.

The breadth of ihe_/j<-c of tlie houfc, towards the
Ea!l, was art hundred cubits. Exxk sli. 14.

5. V ifible ftate of affairs.

Helook'd,aiKll'aw'tl>ey<rrofthingsquitechang'd,
The brazen throat of war had ceas'd tg roar ;
.Ml now was turn'd to jollity and game,
Toluxury and r^ol, feall and dance. Milf.n.

This would produce a n^Kfuct ol things in Euiu'pc.

AiidijtfH,

6. Appearance; refemblance; look.

Keep (111! your htmex face, and mix again
With ihefe loft fpirits ? run all their mazes with em j
Fur fuch are Ireafons. Brn. J/nfan.

At the tint Ihock, with blood and power liain'd.
Nor heav'n, nor fca, their formcryure letain'd ;
Fury and art produce efTefts fo Itrange,
They trouble nature, and het vifage change. If'jtlir.

His dialogue has (-^ much the face' of probabiKny,
that fome have millaken it for a mX conference.

Baker.

7. Preference; fight; ftate of confrontation.

Ye ihall giv.: her unto Eleazar, and one ihall ilay
her before his fju. l^umb. xix. 3.

Jove cannot tear ; then tell me to myface.
That I of all ihcg.idj am lead in grace. Oryd llijd.

8. Confidei»ce; bokinefs; freedom from
baflifulncfs or coniulion.

Thty'mhinkiiij:, byhisyjrr,
To fallen in our thoughts that they have courage ;
But 'tis not fo. Hh.thr;: Julim. C^'ftir.

H<rwmany things are there which a man cannfti,
w iih an J face or comelinefs, fay or do himfell > A
man can Iciruc alleged his own merits with mok-Uy,
much Ids e»tol them : a man cannot fometimcs
bfook 10 fupptiia:e or beg. Haeon.

You'll hnU the thing will not be done
With ignorance ainiyl/ir alone. lludibrau

You, l..yj the judge to the wolf, have thcjfjrr to
chalfciigit that whit h you never ioft^ and you, fjys
he to the Irrx,- have thecuiitidence to deny : hat which
yoo have rtolen, L'lft^an^c.

'line is the map. (hat has the y5« to charge others
viiiliUllc uiatiuns TilUtJin, Prefue.

9. Diftortion of the face.

Shame itfelll
Why do you make {\ich ftruf Si.ih/p. AfaeUib
Fac t /5 t,\c(. [All adverbial cxpreffiou J

1. When both parties arc ptefent.

It 1$ ndt the manner of the K -vrj'

any man to die, bttere ihai lie v ,;VJ

have hij.Tcculcriyire ro^jrc. ^ir/i, v^v. ib

2. Nakedly; without the interpofition ol
other bodies.

Now we fee through » glafs daiklyj but ihen/ire
''>"• I. C«. xiii.

To fACE. 1'. w. [from the noun.]

1 . To carry a falfc appearance ; to play the
hypocrite,

'Ihou needs muft learn to laugh, to lye.
To face, to forge, to feoff, to company. Habb. Tale.

2. To turn the face; to come iti front.

Face about, man ; a foldicr, and afraid of the
•n"ny '■ Dryden.

Then thrice the mounted fquadrons ride around
The fire, and Arcile'i iiamc tmy lliiicc refwnd.

F A C

' Hail and farevi'eH they Ihouted thrice irtailT, " '
Thrice facing to the left, and thence th«y taA'i
=>ga'n- Diydeit.

To Face. -u. n.

1. To meet in front; to oppofe with con-
fidence and firmnefs.

VWfacc
This tempcit, and deferve the nai«e ijf king. Dryi.

We get intelligence of the forte of the enemy,
antfcaft about for a fufficient number of troops toyi're
tlie enemy iir tht! field of battle. .4ddr/bn an i^c.H-'ar.

They are as loth to f.!e the fires kii"ijljd i;: S'mith-
field as his" Tordlhip ; and, at leaft, as ready to face
them unJer a popllh pcrfecutton. Sivfi.

2. 'Lo oppote with impudence: commonly
with do-zuu. ,

W« trcpaii'd thp^ale> and/ac '</ it i/iWK
With plotiandprojeflsol ourown. Uudibrnf.

Becaulc he walk'd -igainrt his will,
Hefac'd men d-jti'v that lie ftooj iVill. Prisr.

3. To Hand oppofite to. ] • • " ' '

On one fide is the head of the eihptror Trijap ;
the reverfe lias on it the circus Mjximus, an* a
view of the fide of the Palatine mountain thst faces
't. Addifon on Italy.

The tempk is defcrilied ftjuare, and the four
front!? with open gates, fating tlie difiere.iit quarttrs
of the worlij. ' Pope.

,4,. To cover with an additional filperficies ;
I to invert with a covering. \- ,

The tiiiificatioii of Sulcure a faced witli marWe.
I . Addifon,

Where your old bank is hollow, fact it witli the
firftfpitol earth that you dig out of the ditch^

Mortimer's liiifiiandry,

Fa'celess; adj. [froray</(f.J iJeingwith-

out a face. , Jjailev.

FAtrp^Ar'NTSR. df. /. ff.tctf and fmnfir.]

A drawer of portraits; a juintcr who

dimvi from the life.
Fackpa'iniinc. i.f.[/aceS[tiA fttfuiln^.']

The art of drawing portraits. V "

Georgionc, the cotemjiorary of Titian^ exo^d
ill portraits or Facrp:iir:iif)g. Drydai'i Difrfnov.

Fa'cet. H.f. [facettci French.] A ima'U
furface; a luperficics cut into fcveral
angles.

Honour th^t is gained and broken ujion another,

hath the quickcd rcfletaion, like diammids-ctit with

facets. Bacon.

FACE'TIOUS, erdj. [facltiettx, French ; /"«-

cetia, Latin.] ' Gay; chearfiil; lively;

merry; witty. It ii ufcd both of per-

foiTS and fcntiments.

Socrates, iii*'orraed of fome derogating fuccches

■ of^d-of him iKhind his; b.itk, made <t>\» Jaciiiuu

reply, Let hilt) ieat me t«6 when 1 aan abfert.

.,, GfjVtrntitcpt fij ihe ^oftrue.

FACE'TtousuY. eid^j. [froni/«ff//«»/.] J^jii-

ly ; cheerfully ; wittily ; merrily. 't
Face'Tioosn/ss. J?, /, [from faeeiious.']
V'C-be«tiJiil wft; tiitrth ; gaiety. 'J

Tt,'c\Lz,Mdj, \_J<uiU, Vtcach; /Milts, Lat.l

1. tafy; not tliflicuk ; [KtknmMc or dt-
tainable with little lu'iour. ■ , ,

Then alfo thofe poets, «liidi are now yuiued
molt kUni, will be tmihfuciL- mi pUirfant. • ■,

All lion on , Education,

To confine the imagination is a facile a pen.
foimancc ai the Goteham'adefign ol hedging in this
cuckoo. Granville.

By dividing it into parts fo dirtintfl, the order in
wliicli theyllicll lind each difpofed, will render iha
work /iW/e mid Jfli|;hrful Evelyn's KaUndar,

This may at lirll fcem perpleneil with many dif-
ficultie*, yet many things may be fuggclled to m^ke
it mm^ facile luid commodious. Wilkin t,

2. Eafily furmouiitable; eafily concjuerable.

The facile gates of hell too flighily barr'u, Milton,

3. F,afy ofacccfs or convcrfc; not haughty ;
not fiijiercilious; not aufterc,

4^2 I mce '

V AG

1 meant Hie (hau!ll ht matitom, faetlf, i»xtki
llAting tUat folemn viL«-ol'^ reamer's,, pridr, ^ '

I mc:nt c»cl> fofitll »irije there Oiouid meet.
Fit in that fouer bofom to reliJc. .- . Ben.yeitfoH.

Kaph.-el now, to Adfiip's^oiibtpro^s'ili
Bcnevolertt anJ/jfWf, thus I'eply'il'. Millett.

4. Pliant ; flexible ; eafily pi;rftiaded to good
or bad ; duftile to a fault. , ;■

TooJacUe then, thou did'ik not much ga'infay ;
N«y diil'ft permit, approve, and fair dilmiis. Alliien.

Since Adam, ai-.d his_/jc//<r coiifori Eve.
lioft Paradife, deceivM by me. Miititt.

Soni* men arc of that facilt temper, that they
are wrought upon by every objeft they convcrfe with,
whom any afteOionate difcaurfe, or ferioua fcrmon,
or any notable accident, (hall put into a lit of re-
ligion, which yet ufually lalh no longer than till
fomeu'hat elfe comes ill tkcir way. ■ Cjlaniy.

To Faci'i.itate. r. a. \fnciliter, Frencll.]
To iiiai<e eafy ; to frte. from liifficulty ;
to clear from impediments.

Choice of the likelicft and beft prepared metal for
tile verfion v\\\fjcUiiaie the work. Bacon

They renewed their afTault two or three days to-
getlicr, and planted cTkiinon Xo Jiici/iiate tht'ir ^C-
iagc, which did little hurt; ..but they {liU lull ;nany
men in the attempt. Qla-rKJon.

Though peffpeflivc cannot be called a certain rule
i>f pifture, yet it is a great fuccour and relief to art,

■ andyrfrfAV^ff the meansof execution. Dryd.Ds'ifrcfi

What produceth a due quantity of'animal fpit^ts,
necefl'arily yif (/;'»ar« the animal and natural mo-
tions. Arbutbnot on Pitt,
A war on the fide of Italy would caufe a great
divetfion of the French lorces, ani fiKilitatf iht
progrefs of our arm* in Spiiin. ^'*'^,'Jh
FAcr'tiTY. »./. [ fail ijti, French ifacU//ds,

Latin.] '••■•'

I . Eafinefs to be performed ; freedotfl from
ditncully.

Yet realbn faith, reafoji (hould have ability
To hold thefc wordly things in fuch proportion.
As let themcome or go witli nvtn/aci/Lji. Sidney,
4 Piety could not be diverted fror.i this to a more
commudious bufmeft by any motives of profit or
ftuiliiy, " Raleigh.

A war upon the Turk's is more worthy than upon
»ny other <»«ntiles, both in point of religion and in
foint of honour ; thoughy.ir/V/y and hope of fucccfs
.might invite fome other cliocc. _ Bacu/t,

?. Rcadinefs in performing; dexterity.

They who h.i%e (luJicd have not only learned

many excellent things, hut alio have acquired a great

j'ttility ai proliticg tliemfelvcs by reading good .lu-

' thors. Drydtn^i Dirfi efncy.

yhv facility which we get ol" doinj things, by a

cuiloin at doing, malcc^ them often pals iiiMs without

; «ornOti«..-- , , .; , •.^ • li'-ck'.

g-. . VttiotU duftility ; eafineft to' be per-
fuadedtrfjood or bad ; itsidy cotnpliance.

•■ ' 'J^iUitilv n Woffe tli.irv bribery; for bnbts tome
•'rWandihcn; but if importunity or idle lefpeOs

lead a man. he (h?ll never be without them. BaCftr.
' 'Tis a great error to^tiksJ'aeiJity for good-nature,

tf ndenicfs without d'faetioD, h no belter than a

more pdidonable folly. ' ' L'Ffrjftgf.

k, Kafinefs of accefs ; complaifance ; con-
"' defcenfion; affability.

He oper.!. and yields himfcif to the m.in of Uifinefs
' Willv diftculiy and rcl;:dtancy;but otfers himfclf to

the vililsol a friend with_/j, lAVy, and all the mect-
. ingreadinels ot appetite and deliic. .S'^uih.

Facini'rious. ai/J. [corrupted hy Siah-

Jfeare from faciiiirout ; facinus, faciiioris,
Latin.] Wicked; facinorous. ,

" 'Tu ftrai-fe, Ms very ftiangc, that is -the brief

atidlhc tedioutof it ; and lie's ol a \niSt f acini lioui
- fpiiil ihatwillnotacluiowledge it. Hitairjpraie,

Fa'c inc. «. /. [fr<'»m To fau, ] An orna-
merital covering ; 'tliat wliich is pat on

■ the otitlide of any thing by way of de-
coration.

Tliefe oHlcn
udfrmgctutbisi^teat

nd Jirnities were but the fafirlgi
teatnclV. U'ction.

F) ft- O

' FACI'NOROUS. aJf. [faciMwa, Lafin.]
Wicked ; atrocious ; deteftably bad.

FACi'Nt-RousNfss. »./. l^Tom fachierousJ]
Wickednefs in a high degree.

Fact, n.f, Xfaiiitm, LM\n,]

1. A thing done ; an efTccl produced; fome-
thing not barely fuppofed or fufpeftcd,
but really done.

In matter of/ifl they fay there is fome credit to
be given to the tellimo ;y of man ; but not in matter
of opinion and judgment : we fee tlie contrary both
acknowledged and univcrfallypraclifed all throughout
the world. Uaolar.

As men are not to niiftake the caufes of thefe
operations, fo much lefs are ibcy to miltakc iVafad
or etfcif, and ralhly to take that for done which is
notdonc. Bacr-n,

irhofc cffcifls which are wrought by the pcicuirioii
of the fenfc, and by tilings in fafi, are produced
likewifc in fome degree by ilie imagination : there-
fore if a man fee another eat four or acid things,
whicli fet the teeth on edge, that object tamteth
theim.igination. Bacon's Natural llijiory.

M.uter of fall breaks out and blazes with too
great an evidence to be denied. Suuth*^ Scrmrni.

2. Reality; not fuppoCtion ; not fpecula-

tion. : 1, ,. .. ^

.^ If this were true \nfaCi, 1 do not fee any colour

for fi'cii aiconclulion. Adjifr.n ui the H'ar,

Ma:rf Id fins, though in fpeculation they may be

feparable from war, in reality and yiiS? never fail to
' attend it. Smalridgi

3. Aftion; deed.
Unhappy man ! to break the pious laws

Of nature, pleading in his children's caufe :
Howe'cr the doubtful_/u«f7 is undcrftood,
'Tji love of honour and hiscountry's good ;
The conful, not the lather, flicds the blood. Dryden.
FA'CTION.//./. [faaion, YtcacXi; faclio,
Latin.]

1. A party in a ftate.

The queen is v.ilued thirty thoufand ftrosj;
If Oi^ hath lime to breathe, be well alfur'd
Htrfaliion will be full as ftrong as ours. Shakeff.

He has been known to commit outrages.
And cherifliy^i?7/o«. Hhakef^eare* x timon.

By one ol Simon's fa!} ion murders were conv
inilted. Afac.

By the weight of rcafon I fhould counterpoifc the
over'o.tlaiicing of dnyfa^io/rs, ^^'^g Chariet.

2. Tumult; difcord; diffenfion.
They remained at Newbery ia %xtiifa3ion among

themfclvcs. Clarendon.

'Fa'ctionary. n, f, \fa8hnaire, French.}
One of a faftion ; a party man. A word
not in uft:.

Pi'vtliee, fellow, remember my name is Me-
nenius; 3.V>L\-jiJa^loM*ryai i\\t, party of your ge-
neral, ajjakej^, Coriolanus,

Fa'ctious. adj. [fafiiiitx, French.]
I. Given to faction; loud and violent in a
party ; publickly diffentious ; addidled to
ibrin parties andfaife publick difturbances.

He is a traitor J let him to the Tower,
And'cropaway AiXfiB'.eut pate of his. Shakeff,
UcfaCliotn for redrefs of alliliefe griefs- Si.iiijf.

z. Proceeding from publick diffenfions;
tending to publick difcord.

Grey-headed men and grave, with warriors mix'd,
Afl'cmble i and harangues are heard; but foon
liififii^ui oppofition. Miltzn' s Paradife LoJ! ,

t'a^int! tumults overbore the freedontand ho-
nour of the two Ii.iiifcs. A.7«g Charles.

Why thttc faSli'US quarrels, controvcrlics, and
battles aniopgll ihemfclves, when they were all
united in the Jame delign ? Vrydet.

Fa' .Tiou.'iLY. aJv. [fromyrti!7/c«r.] In a
rtjannet criminally diflcntious or tunMiI-
tuous.

1 inlendrd not only to oblige my friends, but mine
enemies alfu ; exceeding even the delircs of thofe that
fit.ttfailit'i'Jiy dlCionleuUd. King Cbarks.

FA C

Fa'ctiouine'ss. «./. [from/d<5/a»/.] In-
clination to publick diifcnfion; violent
clamoroufnefs for a party.
Fa'ctitious. adj. {^faititiui, Latin,] Made
by art, in oppofition to what is made by
n.iturc.

In the making and 'diflilling of foap, by one
degree of fin: the (alt, the water, and the oil orgreafe,
vyhcreof that faHitious concrete is made up, being
boiled up together, or eafily brought to incorporate.

Boyle,
Hardnefi wherein fome ftones exceed all other
bodies, and among them the adamant, all other
ftones being exalted to Ihivt degree that art in vain
endeavour* to counterfeit it; the facliiioies ftonei
of chymills, in imitation, being eaiily detefled by
an ordinary htpidift. ! ■ • Aaji on the Creation,

FA'CTOR.w, /. [faaeur, I Kadi; factor i.
Latin.]

1. An agent for anether; one who tranfaAs
bufinefs for another. Commonly a fub-
ftitute in mercantile affairs.

Take on )0u the chaise
And kingly government of this your land;
Not as protestor, (leward, fubltitute.
Or lowly_/<i<57o'- for another's gain. Shake, RicL, III.

Picrcy is but myfaHor^ good my lord,
T' engrofs up glorious deeds on my behalf. Siakeff,

You all three.
The fenators alone of this great world,
Cbietfaelors for the gods. Shakeff. Ant, and C'eof,

We agreed that 1 lliouldfend up an EngiilhyjiSur,
that whatfoever the illand could yield (hould be de-
livered at a reafonable rate. Raleigh's Apology,

The Scots had good intelligence, having foma
faBors doubtlefs at this mart, albeit they did aot
openly trade. HayivarJ,

Vile arts and relllcfs ehdeavourj are ufed by fome
(ly and ttaomoa^ fadors for the old republican caufe.

South.

All the reafon that I could ever hear alledged, by
the chief_/aif?t<rj for a general intromilTion of all forts,
fedts, and perfua(tons> into our communion, is, that
thofe who feparate from us ate (lift' and obllinate,
and will not fubmit to the rules .ind orders of ouc
church, and that, therefore, they oti^ht to be taken
away. Scath.

Foic'd into exile from his rightful throne.
He made ail countries where he came his own ;
■ And viewing monarchs fccret arts of I'way,
A Toya\faBor for their kingdoms lay. Dryden,

2. [In arithmetick.] The multiplicator
and multiplicand. Herrit,

Fa'ctory. n.J. [fvoTttfador.']

1. A houfe or diflritfi inhabited by traders
in a diftant coiintry.

2. The traders embodied in one place.
Facto'tum. n. f. {f<tc totum, Latin. It

is lafed likevvife in burlefque French.] A
fervant employed alike in all kinds of bu-
finefs : as Hcriih in the Stratngom

FA'CTUKE.n. f. [French.] 1 he aft or
manner of making any thing.

Fa'culty. n.f. [fitaiiti, Yicach ifacullas,
Latin.]

1. 'J he power of doing art)' thing ; ability;
whether corporal or iniellttftual.

Tlicse is no kind oi faculty or power in man, or
any creature, which can rightly j.erform the -fuuc-
tioiis allotted to it without perpetual aid and con-
currence of that fupreme caufe of all things. Uoohr^

Orators may giieve ; for in tlicir (ides.
Rather than heads, ihcir_/"ac.v//v abides. Dc«bam„

Renfon in man fupplies the dcfcrt of oi xtfacul*

tics wherein we are interior to beads, and whai wc

cannot compafs by force we bring about by (Iratagem.

^ L'lijlrpngc.

2 . Powers of the mind, imagination, reafon*
memory.

I underlland in the prime end
Of nature, her the inferior ; in the mind
And inward /«f»Ai«, winch moil excel. Milton.

la

FAD

Inthe oriinary way of Tpeakinj, the undcriland.
jnf and will are lvio/aruit,et of the mind. tacir.

Neither did our Saviour think it neceiTary to ex-
pUin to us the nature o^ God, beeaufe it would be
impolTiMe, without beAowing od us other /mu/i in
than we poflefs at prefent. Siuifc.

3. Mechanical power.

The 61th mechin'\ci\ Jacu/tji is the wedge ufed in
cleaving w'ood. /Fi/ihs.

4. [In phyfick.] A power or ability to
perform any aftion, natural, vital, and
animal : by the firft they underftand that
by which the body is notiriflied, or ano-

• ther like it generated : the vita.] /acu//j is
that by which life is pr.»ferved, and the
ordinary funftions of the body perform-
ed ; and the animal faculty is what con-
dufts the operations of the mind. ^incj.

5. A knack; habitual excellence ; dexterity.

He had none of thnl'c /acu/rirs, which the other
had, of reconciliBg men to him. C/arerrdm.

Our author found out monarchial abfolute power
in that text, he had an exceeding good faculty lo find
it himfclf where he could not Ihew it others. Licke.

He had an excellent faculty in preaching if he
were not too refined. Szi'if,

6. Quality perfonal; difpofuion or habit of
good or ill. <

I am traduc'd by tongues which neither know
Myfaculiiei or perfon, yet will he
Tlie chronicles of my doing. Shaktff. HciiryVlll,

7. Natural virtue ; efficacy.

In requital ope his leathern fcrip.
And (hew me fimples of a thoufand names,
Tellir.g thti.- ftrange and vigorouifacuJiiei. Mltton.

8. Power; authority.

This Duncan
Hath bom \\\t facuiila fo meek, hath been
So clear in his great office, that his virtaei
Will plead like angels. Shalefftari' , Macbtlb.

9. Privilege ; right to do any thing.

Law hath fet down to what perfons, in what
caufei, with what circumftances, almftll ever/ A-
culiy or favour Ihall be granted. Hooker.

10. i-acult)', in an univerfity, denotes the
mailers and profeflbrs of the feveral fci-
ences : as, a meeting of \.\\z faculty otfa-
cultiei.

TxQv'no.aJj. [facum/ui, Latin.] Eloquent.

3"o Faddle. "v. ». [corrupted from To fid-
dle, or toy with the lingers.] To trifle ;
to toy ; to play. A low word.

To Fa D E. 1/. H, [fade, French, infipid, lan-
guid.]

1. To tend from greater to lefs vigour ; to
grow weak ; to languish.

2. To tend from a brighter to a weaker co-
lour.

The gretnnefs of a leaf ought to pafs for apparent,
bft-aufe torn f ding into a )eIlow, it fcarce lafts at
all, in comparifonof thegrcennefsof an emerald.

H'^y 'c ox Cohun.
The fpots of this (lone are of the fame colour

,\. u. .. - •■■- very edg«; there being an

■' hi te to b!.ick, and the co-
. _ -'ggtadualy, f^'ocdviard.

3. To witlier, as a vcgct.»b)e.

Ve (lull be as an oak whofe \zi( fajtib, and as a
garden that hath no water. If^ i. jd,

4. To die away gradually; tovanifli; to be
worn out.

Where either through th« temper of the body, or
fame other default, the memory 1$ very weak, ideas
in the mind '\\iKV.\yfjile. Locte

'1 he ftarj \hi.\/,\dr away, the fun himfelf
Crow dim with ajc, and nature fink m years. AJ.lif.

5. To be naturally not durable; to be tran-
fient ; eafily to lofe vigour or beauty.

The glorimis beautv on llic head.of the fat valley
ftiall be ». fading flower. y. jxy\x\. 4.

F A I

The piflures drawn in our minds are laid mfaJtng
colours, and, if not fometimes reft«(hed, vani(h and
diiappear. Locke,

Narcnius* change to the vain virgin (hows,
Who trulls to beauty, trulls tht/adt»g rofe. Gay.
To Fade. -v. a. To wear away; to reduce
to languor ; to deprive of frefhnefs or
rigour ; to wither.

'I'his isaman, o!i» 'vrinkled, ^t/ej/, withered;
And not a maiden, as thou fay '11 he is. Sbakefpeare,

His palms, tho' underweights thcydidnot ftand.
Still thriv'd; no Winter could his laurels_/ii/i?. Dryd

ReiHefs anxiety, forlorn defpair.
And all x\\i faded family of care. Gartb't D\fpenf.
To Fadge. xi. n. [jepejan, Saxon ; fngen,
German.]

1. To fuit ; to fit ; to have one part con-
fident with another.

How will ihisyja'^f ? my malVer loves herdearly,,
And I, poor monller, fond as much on him ;
And (he, milVakcn, feems to doat on me. Shaktff.

2. To agree ; not to quarrel ; to live in amity.

When they thriv'd they ntitt fadg'J,
But cnly by the ears cngag'd ;
That dogs that fnarl about a bone.
And play together when they've none. Hudibrjs^

3. To fuccced ; to hit.

The fox had a fetch ; and when he faw it would
not fadge, away goes he prefently. VEJiratJge.

4. This is a mean word not now ufed, un-
lefs perhaps in ludicrous and low compo-
fitions.

F./ECES. n.f. [Latin.] Excrements ; fett-
lings after dillillation and infufion. Siuincy.

To FAG. m. a. \faligo, Latin.] To grow
weary; to faint with wearinefs.

Crelghtonwith-heldhis force 'till the Italian be-
gun to fag, aud then brought him to the ground.

• Mackc/txJes Lives.

Fa'cend. n.f. [from fag and end.]

1 . 'I he end of a web of cloth, generally
maile of coarfer materials.

2. The refufe, or meaner part of any thing.

In the world's fagend
A nation lies. FartJJjaiv.

When they are in the worft of their way, and hxt
in ihcfageitd of bufinefs, they are apt to look not
kindly upon thofe who go before them. Collier.

FA;G0T. »./. [fagod, Wellh and Armo-
rick ; fagot, French.]

1 . A bundle of flicks bound together for

the fire.

About the pile of yii^iiM, (licks and h.iy.
The bellows raifed the newly-kindled dame. Fairfx.

Spare for no fagaii, let there be enow ;
Place pitchy barrels on the fatal (lake. Shakeff.

Milrcs crfjg'M have been the rewards of difTercnl
peifon., according ai they ptonouoccd thefe confe-
craicd A ii jl)lr! or r.ot. I^k'aits t,n the Mivd.

2. A bundle of (licks foraay purpofe.

The B'ack I'rince filled a diti h \\\\\i fagcts as
fucceliiii'ily as the generals of our armies do it with
fafcines. Addif'.n.

3. A foldier numbered in the raufter-roU,
but not really exiiling.

•reFA'cijT. 'v.a. [from the noun.] To
tie. up ; to bundle together.

He was too warm on picking work to dwell,
i'A f'ge!ed his notions as they fell.
And it they rhym'd and rattl'd, all was well. Dryd,
To FAIL. v. ft. [failler, French ; faeln.

Wellh. Pe7.ro».\
!. To be deficient ; to ceafe from former
plenty ; to fall Diort ; not to be equal to
demand or ufc.

The waters y^jjV from the fea, and the flood dc-
caycih and drieth up. Joi, xiv. 11.

VVIicielore ihouM notftrength and might
There /iijV where yitiM/ailt, or weakell prove
Where boidcfl, though ioBghtuaeantiuetiiit i Ailli.

F A I .

Where the credit and money/:."/, bartei alor.e -nnSt
io. _ Lecke.

z, Tobeextinft; to ceafe; to be no longer
produced.

Help, Lord, for the godly man ceafeth ; for tlve
faithful fail trom among the children ol men.

Pf. lii. I..
Whether fuch virtue fpent of old nave fail' d
More angels to create. Milton.

3. To ceafe ; to perilh ; to be loft.

By fate the ftrength of Gods
And this empyreal fub(bncecannot/.j-'/. MShon.

For Titan, by the mighty lol's dilmoy'd.
Among th' heavens th' immortal faft difplay'd,
Leit the remembrance of his grief ihouldy.)//. Addif^

4. To die ; to lofe life.

Had the king in his lall ficknefs/jZ/'y,
Theirhcads (Itould have goneolf. Shake//'. H.VIU,

Both he that helpeth (hall fall, and he that it
holpen (hall fall down, and they Ihall all fail loge-

5. To fink ; to be bor'n down ; to eome to
an end.

Neither will 1 be always wroth ; for the fpirit
(liould fail More me. //". Ivii, 16,

His works, which in outfall.
For us created, needs with us muA fail.
Dependent made. ATiltoit.

6. To decay; to decline ; to languifh.

Let none henceforth feck nCvdlcfs caufe t'appiove
The faith they owe; when carnellly they feck
Such proof, conclude, they then begin toyi/7. Miit.

I perceive
Thy mortal fight lo/ail: objects divine
Mud needs impair arid weary human I'cnfe. Miltnir.

7. To mifs ; not to produce itb effetfl.

Confider of dclorniity not as a fign, wliioh is de-
ceivablc, but as a caule which (e\iam Jaileih of the
'«■'«■ ^ hac^:

All thefe puifTant legions, whofe exile *■

Hath emptied heav'n, Ihall fail to rc-afcend. MilioH.

This jell was firll of th' oilier houfe's making,
And, live times tiy'd,has ncvcr/a/7'J of taking.

D.yden.

A perfuafion that we (hall mercomc any diffimlncs
that we meet with in the fcicnces, fcldoin /.;,> to
carry us through them. Locke.

lie does not remember whether every grain came
up or not; but he thinks that very iev. failed.

Mr.rtimer'i HuJhaitJry.

8. To mifs ; not to fucceed in a delign ; to-
mifcarry.

1 am enjoin'd, by oath, \( I fail
Of the right cafket, never in mj life
To woo a oi-iid in way of nwirriagc, Sl/akefp.

At Icaft ourerivious foe hiXhfail'd, who 'thought
All like himfelf rebellious, Mition.

In difficulties of (late, the true reafon oi failing
proceeds from tailings in the adminiHration.

L'Ef, an/re.

Men who liave been buficd in the purlmtot ihc
philofopher's (lone, h.\yej'aifd mlheU iibp\.AdJiJ.

9. To be deficient in duty.

Or nature jfij/W in me, and left Tome part
Nut^ prool ti.ough fuch object to full jin. Miliot^

Kndeavour 10 fulfill r.o<rs commaiijs, to repent
as oltcn as- you fail ol it, and to hope lor panlou of
''i™- IVake.

ToYkW.. v. a.

I. Todefert; not to continue to affift or
fiiupiy; to difappoint..

i'he (hip wai now left alone, as proud lords be
when foriunc_/Tj(//th«m- Sidney.

So haft thou oft with guile thine honour ble.it;
But little may fuch guile thee now avail,
if wonted forccand foriunedo not much me fall.

SpeTtfer;-
Tlicre (hall be Cgns In the fun, the moon, and
the ftais, men's hearts failing tliem lor (ear.

Luke, xxi. 26.
Nor could the mufe defend
Her fon, foyi/7 not ihon w ho ihrc implores. Millom

1 laugh, when ihofc who at ihc fpr.ir arc bold
And vent'rous, if that/o;/ them, Ihtiuk and fear.

Mil,cn.

F A I

ilet htixtfii/fJ her, and fl)l woutii fiin hive
comronnded tor hci life. VEJlrtnei.

He prefumM upon hu pirli ih« ihey »Ul noi/jil
him IX time of n«d, and fo Ainks it furpeifluoui
labour to msice any provilion bcl'orehand. Lccke.

z. Not to aflift; to neglcfl ; to omit to help.
Since vitnttfaili iis in no needful ihiiiji
Whj want 1 means m;' inward felf to fee .' Daviii.

3. To omit ; not to perform.

The inventive tJod who ncv«iyi//j hS part, ,
Infjiires the wit when onct be warmt the hurt,.

4, To be wanfine to. .

There (hall notfiil thet a oun on the throne.

Fail. »./. [from the verb.]

I. Mifearriage; mifs; unfuccefsfulnefs.

a, ■Omifilon ; non-performance.

Mark and perform it, feed thou ? for ihejail
Of any point in 'I (hall not only be
Death to thyfelf, but to thy lewd tongu'd wife. Stak.
He will nithoiit_^V drive out from bt fore you the
Canianites. ycf. iii. 10.

^, Deficience ; want.
4. Death ; extinflion.

How grounded he hij title to the etown
t f pon ourjaij f Sbjirfp. fJen'-y V HI .

F»'ii,i.Nc. »./. [from _/a//.] Deficiency;
imperfeftion ; fault not atrocious; lapfe.

hefides whM/ariirrgj may be in a matter, even in
the exprelTions there muft often be great obfcurities.

Dlgiy.

To fadings mild, but realous for defert ;
The citrareft head and the tmcereil heart. Popr.

Even good men have many temptations to fubduc,
inanv conflicts with thofe enemies which war againtt
the foul, and mAnyJai^if/gi and laplefi to lament
and recover. Rogers.

Fai'lure. ft./, [iromfail.l

1 . Deficience ; ceffation.

There muft have been an univerfal failure and
want of fprings and rivers all the fummer feafon.

li 'oodivard,

2. Omiflion ; non- performance ; flip.

He that being fuSjecl to an apoplexy, ufed ftill to
carry his remedy about him ; but upon a time (hift-
ing his clothes, and not taking that with him,
chanced upon tliat very day to He furprixed with a
Ht : he owed his death to a mere accident, to a
little inadvertency unAfai/ure of memory. South,

3. A lapfe ; a flight fault.
FAIN. eiJj. [peajn, Saxon.]

1. Glad; merry; cheerful; fond. It is ftill
letaiped in Scotland in this fcnfe.

And in her hand fhe held a mirrour bright.
Wherein her face (he often viewed fai;t. Fairy ^

My lips will he faift when 1 Ting unto thee, and in
will n.'_ foul whom thou haft delivered. P/j/m, Ixxi.

2. Forced; obliged; compelled. ['Ihisfig-
nificition fcems to have arifen from the
milUike of the original (ignificatlon in
fomc ambiguoas exprefTions : as, /avas
fain to do this, would equally fuit with the
reft of the fentence, whether it was un-
derflood to mean / ivai compdUd, or /
icas glad to do it for far of nKorfe. Thus
the primary meaning feems to have been
early loft.]

Every weight to (hroud it did conlh^in.

And this fair couple eke to (hroud themfelves were

fain, Sj>cjtfer.

Whofocver will hear, he (hail find Cod ; whol'o-

evor will ftudy to know, ihail be alfo/,(/a to believe.

Uo<,k-r.
1 was fain to forfwear it ; they would elfe have
married me to the rotten medlar. Shakrfh.

When Hildebrand had acourfed Henry IV. there
were none fo hardy as to defend their lord; where-
fore he wiifain to humble hirofelf before Hildebrand.
Raleigh's F.Jfays.
The learned Caftalio was fain to make trcncliers
at liailca to keep bimfelf from Itarviiig. Lucke.

r AT

FaI!». aiv. [from the adjei^tve.] Gladly j i
very defiroufly ; according to earneft
wifhcs.

Now I would gilt a ihoufand furlongs of fea for an
acre of barren ground : I would yi<'« die a dry death.

Sbakefptare,

Why would'lt thou urge me to confefs a flame
I long have ftiflcd, and wouKiydiw conceal. AJdifsn,

Fain would! Raphael'sgodlike artrehearfe.
And ihew th' immortal labours in my terfe. Addij'o/t,

The plebeians would fain have a law enabled to
lay all men's rights and privilege: upon the fame
level. Swift,

To Faiw. 1'. «. [from tl»e noun.] 'i'o
with ; to defire iondly.

Fairer than faircft in hhfaining eye,
^Vhofc fole afpcit he ceunts felicity. Spcnfrr on Love.
7o F.MN 1'. t; n. [fancr, French.]

1. To decay ; to wear or wafte away quickly.

Gilded cloud*, while we gaze upon them, y^/'n/
before the eye, and decay into confullon. Fofe,

The fliow'ry arch
Delight! and puzzles the beholders eyes,
That views the wat'ry brede with thoul'and (hews
Of paintuie vary'd yet unlkitl'd to tell
Or where one colour riles, or where onefaints. Philips,

2. To lofe the animal functions ; to fink
motionkfs and fenfelefs.

Their young children were out of heart, and their
women and young men fainted for thiift and fell
down. fuditb.

We arc ready tofaim with fafting. 1 I^ac. iii. 17.

Upon hearing the honour intended her, ihe fainted
aw.ty, and fell down as dead. Guardian,

3. To grow feeble; to decline in force or
courage.

They will ftand in their Order, and never faint in
their watches. Ecc/ef. xliii, 10

The imagination cannof he always alike, conftant
and ftiong, and if the fuccefs follow not Ipeedily it
w'MftinI and lofe ftrength. B-uan's Natural Hijiory.

O pity and Ihame, that they wlro to live well,
Enter'd fo fair, (liould turn afide tp tread
Paths indiredl, or in the m'lSwAy faint. Mi/ton,

How while ihefainting Dutch remotely fire,
And the fam'd Eugene's iron troops retire. Smith.

4. To fink into dejedion.

Left ihcyfiim
At the fad fentence rigoroufly urg'd,
All terror hide. Milton,

To Faint, -v. a. To dejeft ; to deprefs ;
to enfeeble. A word little in ufe.

\l faints me

To think what follows. Shnkefpeare's Henry Vlll.

Faint, ndj. [fane, French.]

1 . Languid ; weak ; feeble.

In intemperate climates, the fpirits, exh.iled by
heat or eomprelt by cold, arc rendered _/i//«/ and
lluggift). Temple.

Words pronounced at length, founded faint and
hnguid. _ Stuifl,

2. Not bright; not vivid; not ftriking.
The hluccompa.-ed with thefe is a_/a/«/ and dark

colour, and the indigo and violet are much darker and
fainten. Newton.

The length of ihe image I mcafured from the
faimifl and utmoft red at one end, to \he fainttji
uiid uimolt blue at the other end, excepting only a
little penumbra. Ne-uiton'sOpiicks,

Vrom her naked limbs of glowing white.
In folds loofe floating feil thcf.tinin lawn. Thomfon.

3. Not loud ; not piercing.

The pump after this being employed from time to
time, the found grfwyj/n/er and yj/«/er. Boyle,

4. I'ecble of body.

Two neighbouring ftiepherds/<i/«/ with thirft, ftood
at the common boundary oltheirgroundi. Rambler.
5;. Cowardly; timorous; not vigorous; not
ardent.
Faint heart never won fair lady,

Prov. in Cjtnden*s Rem.
Our faint Egyptians pray tor .'\,itonv ;
But ill their fervile hearts they own Uclaviut. Dryd,

6. Dejefted ; depreffed.

F A I

Confider him (hat endurelh fuch eontraJiAie*.
igainft himfelf, left ye be wearied aad faint in your
minds. Heh. ati. 3.

7. Not vigorous ; not aftivc.

The deledls which hindered the conqueft, were
ihe faint profecution of the war, and the loofenefs
of the civil government. Davies on Irelandl

Fainthba'rted, adj. [faint and icart.]
Cowardly ; timorous ; dejefled ; eafily
deprelTed.

Fear not, neither hefainthrarteJ. If. vii. 4.

They (bould refolve the next day, as viflorious

conquerors to take the city, or elfe there, it faint-

hearted cowards to end their days, Knollet,

Now the \iie fainthearted rout
O'crthrown and fcatter'd round about,
Chac'd by the horrour of their fear.
From bloody fray of knight and bear,
I'ook heart again and fac'd about.
As if they meant to ftand it out. llajiihrai.

Villain, ftand olfl bafe, groveling, wcthlefs,
wretches,
Mongrels in faiSion : joar fainthearted Hn\lor%.Ad<lif,
Fainthf.a'r.tedi,y. aJ'v. [ixorafaititheart-
cd.'\ Timoroufly; in a cowardly manner.
Fainthea'rtedness. rr. f. [from faint~
hearted.^ Cowardice; timoroufneis ; want
of courage.
Fa'intino. n.f. [fromy«/»/.] Deliquiuraj
temporary lofs of animal motion.

Thefefaintings her phyficians fufpeft to proceed

from contulions. ff'.feman's Surgery ,

Fa'intishne.s3. »./. [from faint,] Weaic-

nefs in a flight degree; incipient debility.

A certain degree of heat lengthens and relaxes the

fibres; whence proceeds the fenfation of faintijhneji

and debility in a hot day. Arbuthnot on Air.

Fa'ihtlihg. adj. [iromfiint.] Timorous;

feebleminded. A burlefque or low word.

There's no having patience, thou art fuch zfttini-

/;»g filly creature. Arbutbnot' s Hiflory ofyobnButU

Fa'intly. ad'v. [horn faint.]

1. Feebly; languidly.

Love's like a torch, which, if fecur'd from VUiif
WiW faintly burn ; but then it losiger lafts :
Expos'd to Itorms ofjealoufy aud doubt,
The blaze grows greater, but 'tis fooner out. If'al/i,

2. Not in bright colours.

Nature tSotiis atleaft aglimm'ringlight;
The lines, tho' touch'd hutfttinily, are drawi> right,

P»j>e.

3. Without force of reprefentation.

1 have told you what 1 have feen and heard but
faintly; nothing like the image and horrour of it.

Shakifp, King Lear,

An obfcure and confufed idea reprclencs tiieobjeCt

(o faintly, that it doth not appear plain to the mind.

ffatts.

4. Without ftrength of body.

With his loli'd tongue he faintly licks his prey.
His warm breath blows her flix up as (he lies. Dryd,

5. Not vigoroufly ; not aftively.

Though llill the familh'd Englilh, like pale ghoiis.
Faintly bcfiege us one hour in a month. Shakefp,

6. Timouroufly ; with dcjeftion ; without
fpirit.

Loihwas the ape, though praifed, to adventure ;
Vet faintly 'gan into his work to enter. Hub, Tale,

lley.i/K//)' now declines the fatal ftrife;
So much his lovr was dearer than his life. Deniam,
Fa'intness. n.f. [from/rt/a/,]

1. Languor; fecblenefs ; want of ftrength.

If tlie prince of the lights of heaven, whitli now
as a gi.int doih run his unwearied courles, Ihoutd
tliioiii;h a languiihiiigy;j/«fnf/i begin toliand. Hooker,

This proceeded not Ironi any violence of pain, but
from a general languilhing and faintnef of fpirits,
which made him think nothing worth the trouble of
one careful thought. Temple,

2. Inadivity; want of vigour.

This evil proceeds rather of the unfoundnefs of
tlie counleU, or of fainlnefi in following and cfieCt.

ing

F A I

Ing the fame, than of any fuch fata! coutfe appoint-
■ ed of god. ii^enfer.

3. Timoroufnefs; deieftion.

The palcnels o. ihis flow'r
Btwray'd Ckx, famine fi of my maftcr's heart. Sbak.
TA'itiTY. aJJ. [{romfa/»t.] Weak; feeble;
languid ; debilitated ; enfeebled.

Wheu Winter frofts conltrains the tielj with cold,
The Jainfy root can take no tleady hold. DiyJ.

The ladies gafp'd, and fcarcely could refpire;
The. breath they drew, no longer air, but tire :
' Xhcjiiixtykiiightswcrt fcorch'd and knew not where
To run for ihcitcr ; ibr no (hade was near. DrvMn.
YAl^.adj, [pjBjefi, Saxon; four, Danifh.]
J. Beautiful; eleg.int of featurej handfome.
Fair feems in the common acceptation to
be reftrained, when applied to women, to
the beauty of the face.

He oaXyfair, and what he/a!r hath made.
All otheryj/V like flowers untimely fade. Spenffr.
Thou art zfa'tx woman to look upon. Gt-«.xii.i 1.

2, Not blsck; not brown; white in the
complexion.

I never yet fan- man.
But Ihe would fpcU him backward ; \i fair fac'd.
She'd fivcarlhe gentleman (Ijould be her filler ;
If black, why, nature, drawing of an amick.
Made a foul blot. Sbak. Much Ada about Ntthing.
Let us look upon men in feveral climates: the
Ethiopians arc black, flat-nofed, and crifp-hair<;d :
the Moors lawny ; the Northern people large, and
fair complexicned. Hale.

3. Pleafing to the eye; excellent or beau-
tiful in general to the eye or mind.

Thai which made her faimels much the fairer
was that it was but an ambaffador of a moikfair
ciiod. SiSney.

Carry him gently to myyi/ri^ chamber,
And haiig it round with all my wanton pi6tures.^/).ijt.

Thus was he fair in his greatncls, and in the
length of hn braiuhes. Et^k. xai. 7.

for *s by depredations wafps proclaim
^\itfairrfi fruit, fo thefe the faircft fame. T'Ulig.

^. Clear; pure.

A standard of a damaflt-rofe, with the root «i ,
was fet in a chamber where no fire was, upright in
an earthen pan, full of fair water, half a foot under
the water. Baccn.

Even fair water, fallia^ upon white paper or
hnen, will immediately alter the colour of them,
and make it fadder than that of the unwetted parts.
Boyle en Ccic/urs.

J. Not cloudy; not foul; not tcmpeftuous.

Farr'nitnl, and foul Ufair;
Hover through the fog and tilthy air. Sliakefp.

[■ah weather ccmeih out of the earth. fi.

About three of the clock in the afternoon the
weather was vetyfairtni very warm. Clarmjtn.

6. Favourable ; profperous : as, afairau;W.

In vain you lell your parting lover.
You wi(h fair winds may wafthimover. i'liV.

7. Likely to fucceed.

Your felf renowned prinee, Rood i%fair
Ai any comer 1 have look'd on yet,
For my affeaion. Stiakifp. Mi rcL if Venice.

The Caliphs obtained a miglity empire, which
was in a fur way to have enlarged, until they
^'!1 out- Ralrigb's Rjfayi.

O piiy and (hame ! that they who to live well,
Enier'd fofaii, Ihould turn afidc to tread
Paih* indircO, os in the midway faint. Mii:.

8. E(]uai ; juft.

'liie king did fo much defire a peot-e, that no
ma:i iieed advife him to it, 01 could divert him
fr ,m it, if fair and honourable condition of peace
were offered to him. Oaie«i/in.

9. Not effected by any infidious or unlaw-
ful methods ; not foul.

After all ihcfe conquelfs he pafTed the reft 01 l.ij
age in his own lutive couiUry, and died a/j/' .1: .1
natural death. 1 'iemttl,

JO. Not praftifing any fraudulent or infi
diout axtt : k, a fair rivat, uiwiijfutam.

F A I

Virtuous and vicious ev'ry man muft be.
Few in th' extreme, but all in the degree ;
The rogue and fool by fits inyii/rand wife.
And ev'n the beft, by tits, what they defpife. Pope.

11. Open; dired.

For ItiU, methought, flie fung not far away ;
At lall I found her on a laurel-fpray ?
Clofe by my fide (he fat, Aaifuir in fight,
Full in a line, againli her oppolite. Dryden,

12. Gentle; mild; not compulfory.

All the lords came in, and, being \>-j fair means
wrought thereunto, acknowledged King Henry.

Spenjer on Ireland.

For to reduce her by main force.
Is now in vain ; ^yy*""'' means, worfe. Hudibrai.

13. Mild; not fevere.

Not only do'ft degrade them, or remit
To lifeobfcur'd, which were a_/J;V difmillion ;
But throw'rt them lower than thou did'lt exalt them
high. MiUon'i Agonijies,

14. Pleafing; civil.

Good lir, why do you ftart, and feem to fear
Things that do found (ofair? Shaliifpeare.

Whtnfair words and good counfel will not pre-
vail upon us, we mull be (righted into our duty.

L'Ejlrange.

15. Equitable; not injurious.

His doom iifairf
That dull I am, and (hall to duft leturn. Milton,

16. Commodious; eafy.

Hereby, upon the edge of yonder coppice,
A (land where you may make ihc fairtji l)ioot.Sbak.

I looked tor the jugular veins, opened thcfairejl,
and took away a dozen ounces of blood. lyfemun,

17. Liberal; not narrow.

He through his virtue was as free from greedinefs,
As through hUfair livelihood, far from neeiiinefs.

Carev).

Fair. adv. [from theadjeAive.]

1. Gently; decently; without violence.

He whoyjiV and foftiy goes (leadily forward, in
a courle that points right, will fooner be at his
journey's end, than ite that runs after every one,
though he gallop. Lode.

2. Civilly; complaifantly.

Well, you mud iiowfpeak Sir John FalftalF/afr.

Sbakefp.

One of the company fpoke him fair, and would
have llopt his mouth with a crull. UEJirange,

\a this plain fable you ih' eSc^ may fee
Of negligence, and lond credulity;
And learn befidesof flatt'rersto beware
Then moil pernicious vihen they ("peak Voo fair,

Dryden,

His promife Palamon accepts; butpray'd
To keep it better than the hrtv he made:
'VYwiifiir they parted, 'till the morrow's dawn ;
For each had laid his plighted faith to pawn. Uryd.

Kalib afcend, my fair fpoke fervant rife.
And (botlie my heart with pleafing prophecies. DryJ.

This promilcdyj/V at firft. Addifun en liaiy,

3. Happily; fuccefsfully.

O, princely Buckingham, I'll kifs thy hand,
In lign of league and amity with thee:
Saw fair befall thee and thy noble lioufe I
Thy garments are not ff«ted with our blood. Siak.

4. On good term?.

There are other nice, though inferior caft?, in
which a man mull guard, if he intends loktef fail
with.thc v\Hld, and tuiu llie penny. CaUier m I'op,
Fair. a./.

1. A beauty; cllipticaily a fair woman.

Of deep iorfaken, to relieve his care,
lie fought ihr convcrfaiion oiiUtfair. Dryd.Failei.

Gentlemen who do not delign to marry, yet pay
their devoirs toone pariicular/j/r. SpefJatir,

2. Uiinf^y ; jull dealing.

I am not much (or that prefent; we'll fettle it
between ouifelves; fair and fijuaie, Nic, keeps
liitiidi t.'>reiher. Arl'nibnci.

F.MR. »./. \foire, French ; yrr;V, orfortm,
l.atin. I rti) annual or Hated meeting of
buyers ;ir,J Icllers ; a time of traffick more
frtquenied than a iiurJt€t, The privilege

fa: r

ef holding fairs in England is granted'bjr
the king.

With (ilver, iron, tin, and lead, they traded ia
thy/i/rj. Ex.ek.

His corn, his cattle, were his only care.
And his fupremc delight a country yi/V. Dryden.

The ancient Nundins, or fairs of Rom:, were
kept every ninth day : afterwards the fame privileges
were granted to the country markets, which were at
firll under the power of the confuls. Arbutb.on Coint,

Fa'ring. V.J. [fromya;>.] A prefent given
at a fair.

Sweetheart, we (hall he rich ere wc depart,
\i fairings come thus plentifully in. Sbakefp.

Like children that elleem every trifle, and pret.-r
2, fairing before their fathers. Btn fnifon.

Now he goes on and lings of fairs and (hows;
For dill new fairs before his eyes arofe :
How pedlars ftalls with glitt'ring toys are laid.
The various/i«V;V»^x of the country mud,Gay'sPa/l,
FA'iKLy.aJ'v. [fromya/>.]

1. Beautifully: as, a city iwXj fituaud,

2. Commodioufly; conveniently j fuitably
to any purpofe or defign.

■Waiting 'till willing winds theirfails fupply'J,
Within a trading town they long abide,
YvWfairly fituate on a haven's tide. Dryden,

3. Honeftly; juftly; without fliiftj, without
fraud ; not foully.

There is due from the judge to the advocate fom»
commendation and gracing where caufes m fairly
pleaded. Bacon.

To the firft advantages we miy fairly lay claim ;
I with we had as good a title to the latter. Atleriury.

It is a church o( hngland-man's opinion that the
freedom ot a nation contills in an abfolute unli-
mited legillalive power, wherein the whole body of
the people arc fairly reprelcnied in an executive duly
limited. Sviifi,

4. Ingcnioufly; plainly; openly.

Thctlage how lool'ely does Allrea tread,
Vfhofiir/y puts all characters to bed ! P«fe.

J. Candidly ; without iiniftrous interpieta-
tions.

As I interpretya/»/)yourde(ign.
So look not with fevcrer eyes on mine. Dryden,

6. Without violence to right reafon.

Where I have enlarged them, I delire the falfe
criticks would not always think that ihofe thoughts
are wholly mine ; but that either they arc fecretly
in the poet, or may hi fairly deduced (rom him.

Dryden, .

This nutriciousjuice being a fubtile liquor, fcaccc
obtainable by a human body, the ferum of the blood .
h fairly fubltitutcd in its plate. Arbutb.on Aliments. .

7. Without blots.

Here is th' Indidlmentof the good locd Hadings...
Whi'.h in a fet \iini fairly is engrofs'd. Shakrff. .

8. Completely; without any deficience.

All this they fairly overcame, .by reafon of the
continual prefcnce of their kin^.. Uptn/'Jiiate if Irel. .
Let them fay it is groOy done ; fo it be_/i«>A;donc, .
no matter. Hhakr/p.^Mei ryji'iv.s oflVinJfor. .

Our love is not fo great, . Hortenlio, but wc may
blow our nails together, and tall \x. fail ly am.

Sbakfp. Taming if the Sbrew. .
F^'ilwiESS. »./. [fromy«;>.]

1. Beauty; elegance of form..

That which made htr fiiriifs much the fairer,,
was that it was but a fair ambalfador of a moll fair ■
mind, full ot wit, and a wit which delighted more
tojuJgeitleli than to Ihowitfclf. Sidney,.

2, Honcfly; candour; ingenuity.

There maybe fomcwliat of wifdom,. but little
of goodiiefs otfairnrfs m this conduct. Ajteikiiry,'
FA'lRSPOKliN. adj.. [(toixi fair and f peak,]]
Bland and civil in language and addrefs.

Alius, a pricll in the church o( Alexandria, a Tub- -
tlcwiltcd and a m?.r\cnomfair/pcil<cn man, but Jif* ■
contented that w« iliould be placed beloic him in ho- -
nour, whofe fupeiior he thought himfeif in dcferr,
bec.iufc thiougli envy and itoroach prone uotoconi-
tradiilioii. Haqkcr. .

FA'IRY. It./, [pcph^, Saxon ; fee, French. .

Au

r A I

Ah tf«; terra, fit & y^i* Macedonum
rfi^lci^o; unde 1't(c-Xp(ot, Sc Romanis
inferJ, qui Scoto-Saxonibas diciintur
firm, noftratrq; vulgo corruptius /a/r/«,
iM(T«;c5<it(«i ikif/^atti, five dii manes. Bax-
ter t GUjfary.^

I. A kind of taWed beings fuppofed to ap-
pear in a diminutive human form, and
to dance in the meadows, and reward
clc.Tnlinefs in houfes ; an elf; a fay.

Nan PdgCi my daughter, and my little Tun,
And three or four inore of their growth, we'll drcfs
Like urchius, ouphcs, andya/ivVj, green and white.

Stakff^turc.
Then let them all encircle liim about,
hnifairyX\\ii: too pinch the unclean knight;
And alk him, why, that hour oi fniry revel,
1^1 their fo facred paths he dares to tread

•' Jnvjiupe prophane. Shak. Merry H'ives of fVivJfcr.

By the idea any «ne h»sof\/*i'V/«, or centaurs,

lie caiuiot know that things, anrwsritig thofe ideas,

exift. Lxkt.

Tays,/a/V(Vr, genii, elves, and demons hear, i'ojie.

Z. Enchantrefs. ' lFarbnrii»i.

■To this greatyi/r)' I'll cam mend ihy a£ls,
Makf her thanj^ibjcls thee. Sbak, Ant.andClnp.

Fa'iRY. adj.

I. Given iDf/airies.

Be fecret and difcreet i 'ks^fj'ny favours

Are loft whennotconceal'd. DryJ. Sfani/h Fryar.

Such borrow'd wealth, like f-i'ry money, though

it were gold in the hand from which he received'it,

' will be but leaves and dull wlien it comes to \iit.Li>cjie.

f. Belonging to fairies.

This is ihcjairy land : sh, fpighl of fpights,
. We talk witli goblins, owls, aod elvilli Iprights.

Siaie/p.

fi'RYSTONE. n. /. l/oiiy and_/?o»f.] A

ftone found in gravel-pits*
FAITH. ». /. [Jbi, French ; fede, Italian ;

/del, Latin.]

1. Belief of the revealed truths of religion.

The name of Jliirb being'properly and IVriiSly
taken, it muft needs have reference usito fpme ut-
tered word, as the objedl of belief. Wm/vc.

Faiih, if it have not works, isdead. J.im. ii. 17.

Vifion in the next lite is the perfeiSing of that
fuith in this life, or that fatih here is Wrncd into
Tifion there, as hope into enjoying. Uammotid.

'Vhtnfaiih ihall fail, and holy hope (hall die ;
One loll irt certainly, and one in joy. Frhr.

2. '1 he fyitera of revealed truths held by
the Chriftian cfiurch ; the credendn.

Felix heard Paul concerning itit/aiih. Acl!xii\i.
'I'his is the catholickyd/Vi6. Cemmon Prayer,

3. Trutt in God.

Faith is an entire depcndance upon the truth,
the power, the juftice, and the mercy of Cod;
which dependence will certainly incline us to obey
him in all things. Sui/i.

4. Tenet held.

Which to believe of her,
tAaH ht a /aiti, that reafon, without miracle.
Should never plant in roc. Shaki'fptare^\ K> Lrar.

5. Truft in the honelly or veracity of an-
other.

6. Fidelity; unfhaken adherence.

Iler failing, while hciftilh to me remains,
I (hould tonteal. Alilton's Paradife Lffi.

"J, Honour; fecial confidence.

For you alone
t broke rai faith with injur'd Palamon. ^ Dryd,

S. bincerity; honefty ; veracity..

Sir, in %ooi/aiih, in mcer verity. Shak. K* hear.

They ate a very frouard generation, children in

whom is nofaith. Dtut, xxii> IC.

9. Prumife given.

I have been forfworn.
In bre»king/a;ri with Julia whom I lovfd. Siuk.
Fa'ithbreach. n. /. [faith and hrfach."]
lireach of fideliy ; dilloyalty; perfidy.

F A I

Now minutely revolts upbraid Km falthbnaeh ;
Thofe he commands move only in command.
Nothing in love. Sliakrfptare's Macbeth.

Fa'ithed. adj. [from _/}?/■/ A.] Honeft; fin-
cere. A word not in ufe.

Thou baftard ! would the repofal
Of any trult, virtue, or worth in thee.
Make thy *)oxiifai:h'df Sbakefprare'i K. Lear.
Y k'nwfVU, adj. \ faith ATlA full.}

1. Firm in adherence to the truth of re-
ligion. >

To the faints which are at Ephefus and thefaiibful
in Cliiiil Jcftis. Eph. i. 1.

Be ihou/aiih/ul unto death, and I will give thee
a crown oi life. Rrv. u. .to.

2. Of true fidelity; loyal; true to the al-
legiance or duty profeflcd.

1 have this day rcceiv'd a traitor'sjudgment.
And by that "name muft die; j-et, heav'n bearwitnefs,
A id, if 1 have a conMenct, let it fink me,
Ev'ii as tht .!« fills, if I be aox faithful. Shakifp.

So fpake the Seraph Abdiel, faithful found ;
Ainong the faiihlcfs,ya//i(j/i(/ only he. Milton.

3. Hcncit; upriglit ; without fraud.

Wy fetvant .Moles '^faithful in all mine houfe.

■ . . Nutnbers.

4. Obfervant of compaft or promife; true
to his contract; fincere; veracious.

Well 1 know him ;
Of city temper, naii;rally good,
' Ar.dyi////"/ to his word. Uryden's Dox Sehaflian.
Fa'ithf u i,ly. ad-v. [itom faithful.^

1. W. rch htm belief in religion.

2. With full confidence in God.

3. M ith drift adherence to duty and alle-
gi.ince.

His noble grace would have fomc pity
Upon my wrcahcd women, that fo long
HavefoUow'd borh my lortunes_/<i i/i(/7y. Shak.

4. Without failure of performance; honeft-
ly; exaftly.

If on my wounded breaft thou drop a tear.
Think for whole fake ray breaft thatsvound did bear;
Jii'AfaithfuHy my laft defires fulhl.
As I perform my cruel father's will. Dryden't Ovid.

5. Withearneftprofelfions; with ftrongpro-
tnifes.

For his own part he did faithfully promife to be
ftillinthe king's power. hacnn's HexryVU.

6. HOnelUy; without fraud, trick,, or am-
biguity.

They fuppofe the natvire of things to be, truly and
faithfully figni.fied by their names, and thereupon
believe as they hear, aud'pradifc as they btlieve.

^■Siuth''s Sermons,

7. In Sbah/ptare, according to Mr. IVar-
burton, fervently; perhaps . rather confi-
fidently ; fteadily.

If his occalions were not virtuous,
1 ihould not urge it half {a faithfully. Shak.Timon.

Fa'itheulness. ». /. [irora faitkftd.']

1. Honefty; veracity.

For there is nofaiibfiilnefs in your mouth; your
inward part is very \vitkedncfs. Pfal.Wx.

The bapd.that knits together and fupports all
compafls, is truth anAfaithfulncfs. South.

2. Adherence to duty; loyalty.

The fame jcal ^nifaiihfulnefs continues in your
• blood, which animated one of your noble ancellors
t9 facrifice his life in the quarrel of his fovereigu.

Dry deft.

Fa'ithless. adj. [ho'rn faith.']
I. Without belief in the revealed truths
of religion; unconverted.

Whatfoevef our hearts be to God and to his truth,
believe wc, or be we as yiL^ faitble(t, for our conver-
lion or coufirmaliou the loice of natural reafon is
great. Hocker.

Never dare misfortune crofs hcrfoOt,
Unlefj Ihe doih it under this cxcufc,
That Ihe \i lifue to ifaitklefs jew. Siekefp.

F A L

2. PerfidioDS ; difloyal; not tree to duty,
profcfTion, promife, or allegiance.

Both
Fell by ourfervanis, by thofe men weloy'd moft;
A moft unnatural tnifnithlefs fervice. Shake/p,

Abdiel, faithful found ;
Among ihe faitblefs, Milton' t Par. lyft.

Fa'ithlessness. »./. [from/arV/ji/}.]

1 . Treachery ; [lerfidy.

2. Unbelief as to revealed religion.
Fa'itour. «. /. [faitard, French.] A

fcoundrel; a rafcal ; a mean fellow; a
poltroon. Aj\ old word now obfolete.

To Philemon, ia\kfaiti:ur, Phtleaion,
I call to pay, that I fo dearly bought. £airj.Sluteii.

i.ito new woes uiiivceting 1 was caft,
By this falfe_/i/Vt»r. Fairy. Slueen.

Fake. n. f. [Among feamcn.] A coil- of

rope.

Harris.

Falcade. »./. \fxorafalx,falcis, Latin.]
A horfe is faid to miV.^ falcaJci when he throw*
himfelf upon tiis haunches two or three times, as
in very quick curvets; therefore i falcade is that
aiilion of the haunc4ics and of the legs, which bend
very iow, when you make a ftop and half a ftop. ;
1 Farrier's Did.

Fa'lcated. adj. [falrattts, Latin.] Hook-
ed; bent like a reaping hook or fcythe.

The enlightened part of the moon appears in the
form of a iickle, or reaping h(>ok, which is while
(he is moving from the conjunflion lo the oppofition,
or fiom the new moon to tije full; but from full to
a new again, the enligluened part appears gibbous,
and the AvtV falcated. Harris.

Fa'lcation. »./. \falds, Latin.] Crook-

ednefs; form like . that of a reaper'*

hook.
The locufts- have antenns, -or long horns before,

with along/«/fa/;a«orforcipatedtailbehind. Brovn.
Fa'lchion, w.y. \atjhfalcatiis ; in French,

fiKchon,'\ . A Ihort crooked fword ; a cy-

metcr.

I've fcer.the day,, with my good h'ltwgfaleiion,
I would have made them (kip: I am old now. Sbak.

Olifalcbions are new temper'd in the fires;
.Thefoundingtrumpeteveryfoulinrptres. Dryd. Mm

What fighs and tears
Hath Eugene caufed I how many widows curfe
His c\c3\\nifalchitjn. PUllpt,

FA'LCON. It. /. [faulcon,^ French ; fal-
(Qtine, Italian ; falco, Latin.] Credo, a
rofhofalcato five aduaco, from the falcated
or crooked bill.

1. A hawk trained for fport.

As Venus' bird, the white, fwift, lovely dove,
O ! happy dove that art compar'd to her,

Dotl) on her wings her utmoft Iwiftncfs prove,
Finding thcgripc oi falcon fierce not far. Sidney.

Air Hops not the high foating of my noVit falcon.

ff'alioii.

Apulian farms, for the rich foil admir'd.
And thy large ticlds vihercfalcons maybe tir'd. DryJ,

Suy, will thefilcon, ftooping fiom above,
Smit with her varying plumage, fpare the domlPope.

2. A fort of cannon, whofe diameter at the
bore is five inches and a quarter, weight
feven hundred and fifty pounds, length
feven foot, load two pounds and a quarter,
fhot two inches and a half diameter, and
two pounds and a half weight.

Fa'lconer. ti, f, [faiikoitnier, French.]
One who breeds and trains hawks; one
who follows the fport of fowling with
hawks.

Hift! Romeo, hid! O for ayi/c'wr'j voice.
To lure this taifcl gentle back again. Sbakeffeare.
The univerfal remedy was fwallowing of pebble-
ftoncs, in imitation oi faUontrs curing hawks.

Temple.

I have learned of a falconer never to feed up a

hawk when 1 would havehimfly. Dryd.Don.Scb.ift.

^ Afaii 'ner

F AL

Ay5t/.f'/fCT-Henryis, when Emma haivks;
With her of tarielj, and of lures he lalks. Prhr.

^a'lconet. »./. [fffkoueffe, French.] A

fort of ordnance, -whofe diameter at the

. bore is four inches and a quarter, weight

p.fbur hondred pounds, lengtli fix foot, load

one pound and a quarter, fliot fomething

More than two inches diameter, and one

' pound and a quarter weight. Ham's,

Mihomctfeiirjjnizariesand nimble footmen, wiili

aTtimfaUoiteli and other fmall pieces, to take tlie

'ftnights. " . . KtoiUz.

IV'lda&e. •K,''f.\\Ja1d!igiam, barbarous ,
Latin. J A privilege which anciently fe-
veral lords referved to themfclves of let-
ting up folds for flieep, in any fields
Avithin their manors, the better to manure

^ them ; and this not only with their own,
but their tenants fheep. 'XWf. fnldage in

, fome places they call k foldcourfeor free-
,hold< ' Harris.

Ea'ldfee. ». /. \faU i.Vi&fee.'\ A com-
pofition paid anciently by tenants for the
privilege of faldage. DiSl.

Fa'l D I N G 1 n. /. A kind of coarfe cloth.

Dia.

Fx'l.DSTOoL. tt. f. [faU or fold zniftool.]

A kind of ftool placed at the fouth fide

of the altar, at which the kings of England

kneel at their coronation.

To FALL. 'V. n. pret. / fill; compound

; pret. / hrrve fallev ox falii, [peallan,
Saxon ; folLn, German. J

1. To drop from a higher place.

Thou (halt make a batilemcnt for thy roof, tbit

thou bring not blood ufioii itiinc houfc, if any man

. /J// from thence. Dtut.

1 Ihill/j//
Xike a bright exhalation in the evening,
And no man fee me more. ShaktJ. Henry VIII.

2. To drop from an ereft to a prone jwdure.
Saul /■■//ail along on the earth, i Sam. xxviii. 2o.

That is a llep,
•On which 1 mulfyizZ/down, or elfc o*er!eap ;
For in my way it lies. Shakr/pfurc'i Macheib.

J. To drop ; to be held or adhere no longer.

His chains/f//olf from his hands. Altt,'^. -.

4. To move down any defcent.

All liquid bodies are diffufive; for their parte lieins
in motion, h.tvc no connexion one with anotltcr, but
glide and yj// off any way, as gravity and ihc air
tireflcthihem._ Burnet.

5. To drop ripe from tlie tree.

As the Icaffallcth off from Oic viiie.and as a////.
irg fig fronv the %-tree. If. xxj,,. ^

<^To pafs at the outlet : as a river.

Cafar therefore gave orders to build his gallics on
the Loir, ind the rivers that/;// into it. Arhuihnii.

7. To be determined to fome particular di-
reflion.
Bird: and fowls that reft one foot to cafe the other.

F A L

K one (liould be a prey, how much the better
To/j// before the lion than the wolf! ShaUffcare.

What other oath,
Than honcfty to hanefty engag'd ?
That thii (hall be, or we will/<i// for it. Shakeft.
A thoul'and (hall fall >t thy fide, and ten thoulaiid
at thy right hand j but it (hall not come nigh thee.

Pj. nci. 7.

Ye (lull chafe your enemies, and they Ihall foil

before you by the I'word. irt;. ]tx?i. 7.

They not obeyinj,
Inct.'rr'd, what could .they le!.> the penalty;
■ Ar.d itianil'old in lin, deferv'd toy«//. Milton.

\\mon falls, old Tyrrhcus' el-itll care,
Picrc'd iviiii an arrow from thediflant war. Drydcn.

le. To come tjj a fudden end.

The greatnels of thele Irilh lords fudrfeniy y^//
and vjnilhed, when their opfrOiions and ertortioiis
i were taken j>iM';. Dalies.

Me 6rlt the fati: of Cxfar did foretell,
And pitv'd Rome when Rome in Cilar///; '
In iron clouds conceal'd the publick light,
( And imnious mortals feir'd eternal night. Drydttt.
ill. To be degraded from an high ftation ;
to fink into meannefs or difgracej to be
plunged inti;. fudden uiifeiy.

I VVhit can be their bulinefs

\Viih a poor- weak v/umTinfjij'H from favour! Sbgi.

1 2 To decline from power or empire ; to be
overthrown.

What men could do.
Is done already : heaven and earth will witnefs,
ll Rome muliyi.'/ that we are innocent. AdJifan.

13. 'I o enter into any flate worfe than the
former. ;

We Jell M dit&rence with Ludovico Sfortia, -who
carried the keys which brought him in, andlhuth'im
»'": h.ieon'sHey:ry\\\.

Some paintera taking precepts in too literal a Icnfe,
hai-e/iZ/cwthcreby into great mconveniencies. Dryd.

14. '1 o come imo any Jtate of wcaknefs,
terrour, or mifery.

Thcfe, by obtruding the beginning of a change for

the eatitcwurk of new Ufi;,w:ill_/i/<; under the for -

"" Suilt. ■ ■ Hammmd.

Ouc would wonder how (a many learned men

could/j// into fo great an abfurdity, as to believe

this river could fl-efcrre itfclf unmixed with the lake.

AddifjH en l:aiy.

s. H'-Je.

F A L

fn fweet mulicfe is (\ich art.
Killing care and griff of heart, '

rait afleep, or heaiing die. Shakef^

Solyman, chafed with the lols of his gallics and
beft foldieis, and wjjh the double injury done unto.
him by the Venetians, /-//into fuch a raje that he
curfed Barbaroffa Knalleu

When about f.venty, upon the falfenefs of a Iov*r»
Hit fill diftraflcd. Tem^le^.

A fpark Hke thee of the man-killing trade,
Jell lick, and thus to his phylician faid :
Methinks t am not right in ev'ry part,
1 feel a kmd of tremb,i.^g at my heart;
My pulfe unc:)ual, and my hriath is Krong; :

Bclides a filthy fuiTupon my tongue, Drydrn's Pfrf,

And you have known none in health who have
pitied you ? and. benold, they ate gone belore yiju,-

cv«|/isice yMftU into this dilicmpcr.

Ih^ike.'

He died calmly, .tud with all the caGiiefs of a maji,
'fiillirg afiecp. Alltflu'iy.-

. I'ortius himfcif oft////iin tears befsrcmc, .
A; if he mourn'd hisrival's ill fuccefs. Addifon.
I For as his own bright image he furvcy'd,

WtfiU in to«e with tlie fantaflrck lltaie. AdJifoMf
1 fell in love with the charjder of I'omponiu?'
Atticus; I longed- to imitate him. Bijui.'t 10 Pope,

22. To iink'into an air of difcontent or de-
jwftion of the look.

If thou fcifuade thyfelf that they Ihall not be
taken, letnot ihycountenance/i//. yuditb, \\^i).-r

If you have any other tequell to make, hide it'
not ; for ye (hall hnd we will not make your coun-
tenance to/j// by tlie anl'wer ye Ihall receive. Bdfiih.

1 have obferv'd of late thy looks are (alUn,
O'ei'cait wiih'glooroy «are3 and difcontent. Addifm^

23. J"o fink below fomething in comparifon-.'

Fame of thy beauty and tby youth,
Amon^ the rcil me imhcr brought.
Finding this fame/i/Znioit of truth,
Made Hie flay longer than I thought. Waller.

24. To happen ; to befal.

For (uch- things n io fall fcarce once in m,iry

natirally lay their heads under their wings, that ibe
centre of gravity may fall a fon the foot they Hand

8. To apoltatife; to depart from faith or
goodnefs.

labour to enter into that reft, left any man fall
»fter the fame example of unbelief. Hei. iv. 1 1.

They brought fcandal
To Ifrael, diffidence cf Cod, and dvjbt
In feeble hearts, propcnic enough belore
To waver or fall off, and j6in with idols. Mlllon.

Whether fome fpirfton hi.lypurpofe bent.
Or fome/;//> angel from below broke loofc.
Who comes with enfious eyes, and curlt luicot,
To view this woild and its created Lard. Uryd^n.

9. To die by violence.

'iod and good angels hghlno Riehmond'k fide,
Ai'i Richard /w/Zin h:ight of all his pride, ihak.

Vol, I.

Tlie bell mta fall under the fevered predures.

15. To decreafe; to be dimiai(hed,,as in
weight. , . f .

From the pound weight, as Pliny tellt d^ the
As/// to two ounces in the firft Punick war: when
Hannibal inv.ided Italy, to one ounce ; then, bv the
Papitian law, to half an ounce. ArhuthtvA.

j6. 'I'o ebb; to grow fhaiiow ; as, the river
falls.

1 7. To tlecreafe in value ; to bear Jefs price.

When the price of corn falleih, men generally
break go more ground than i*ill fupply their own
turn. Care-w.

Burnowher price hfall'm Siairf/,. A'. L,ar.

Rents will faJl, and iricomes every day Iclfenj
'till indmJry. and jriigalily, joined to a •well orierid
trade, (hall reftore to the kingdom the riches it had
f"™"'/- ■'■■ • ' ■ Uc/ie.

18. lo fink; not to amount to the full.
The greatnefs of an crtatc in bulk and territory,

doth fall under meafure ; and the greatnels of h-
naiices and revenue doth/:// under computation.

JDacon.

19. To be dejeacd ; to become null.

This book muft (hnd or fall with thee; not by
any opinion I have of It, but thy own. ' L,.clc.

20. To.dccline from violence to calmnefs;
from infenfenefs to remiffion.

He was Itirr'd,
And fomething (poke in choler, ill and hally;
But he /;•// M himfclt again, and fwettly

i> w'd a moft noble patience. Shakef.
"ry///, her foaming ceat'd; '
... i.ir loul, tlie god dccreas'd. Diyden.
.21. To enter into any new ftatc of the body j
or mind, I

^n

A-

Aui >

ages, itvliutufficc to take (uch order as was lequMitc
when they fell, Haaktr.

Oit\i falls out, that while one thinks to» much
of his doing, he leaves to do the cffcft of his think-
ing. Sidnty.

A long advertent and deliberate counexing of coa-
fe]i;ent«, vih'xbfalh not in the common toad of or.
dinary laeft Ha/r,

Since this fortune/i//i to you,
Be content and feek no new, .'Utaie/pejrr,

If the wiA fall that lvqt fill, 1 hqpc, "l (hall
make Ihift tojo wiihoutihim. , ■ ^/bftir/j^,

<), how iceble is.man's power,
That if good ionunefail.
Cannot add another tiour.
Nor a loft hour recall 1 Dannt, ■

Since both cannot polTcfs what both purfue,
I'm griev'J'my friend, the chance lhould/(// on you.
•' ■ ' Dtyden,

I had more lelfure, and difpo(ition, than have
finci. fallen to my (hare. ■ Siuift.

25. To come by chaupe; to light on.. . ,

I have two bo^t '
.Seek Pcfcy and tliyliU about th^ field ;
Biit feeing ihou fa/i'/f oil me To luckily,
; 1 will .iHay thee. Shake/;-: Henry W.

■ 'I'he Romans/^/ tiporf this model by chance, but
ihe Spartana by thought and dcfign. Svift,

it 6. To come to a ilated method.

The odd hours atr the end bfthe folar year, are
not indeed fully fix, but areWeKcient 10' 44";
which deficiency, .in 134 year;, colleilcd, ampunts
io a whole. day; and hence may b*-' fecn the reafon
why the vernal equinox, which 'itt the time of the
Nicerrc council /i.// upon the 21ft '--f March, falls
now about ten tTivs fooner. fluldti on 'lime'^

It does not/j// within my fiibiei^t 10 lay down the
rules of odes. Felioncn iheClaJpik,.

27. To come unexpetflcdly.

I Am fallen u; on the mention of mercuries. Bhyje
It happened this evening that we fell into a very
plealing walk, »t a diftaiicc from hi^ houl'e.

Addifon,

28. To begin anything with ardoui^ .lna
vchemcnte. ' '

j A The

F A L

The Icing oniuftindiog of their adventure, fuJ-
tealy/il/s to take pride \a making much of them.

Sidnry.

Each of wftll \a praife of our country railireffcs.

Siai(fptare.

And the next multitud»/V// a lufling. i^'umt. ii. 4.

It is better to found a ptrfon afar off, than XafuH
upon the point at 6rft ; except you m^an to fui7>rizc
faim by fome (hort queftion. Bucm.

When a horfe is hungry, and eomei to a good
palliite, ht fails 10 his iood immediately. HaU.

They /f// 10 blows, infomucli that the Argonauts
flew the mod part of the Deliones. L'Efirangt.

29. To handle or treat dircfUy.

We muft immediitclyyii// int* our fiibjefV,
treat every part of it in a lively manner. _ Adi

30. To come vindiftively : as a punifhment.
There /f// wrath for it agiinft Ifrael. » OOron.

3 1 . To come by any mifchancc to any new
poflefTor.

The ftout bifhop could not well broolc that his
province (hould_/a// into ihcir hanli. KaolUs.

jz. To drop tir pafs by careleflhefs or im-
prudence.

Ulyffcs let no partial favours /a//.
The people's parent, he protefted all. Pofr't OJjJfry.

Some expreflions />// from him, not very favour.
»We to the people of^^lreland. Sivift.

and
Addifon.

33. To come forcibly and irrefiftibly.

y tir fell on them all. A£ts, xix. J7.

.\ kind refrclhing fleep UfjUen upon him .
I faw him ftrelch'dat eafe, his fancy left.
In pleafing dreams. Addifon' s Calo.

34.. To become the property of any one by
lot, chance, inheritance, or otherwife.

All the lands, which will/;// to her majcfty there-
abouts, are lar^je enough to contain them. Spetifer.

If you do chance to hear of that blind traitor,
Preferment/ij//j on him that cuts him off. Siate/p.

Then 'tis moft like
The fovereignty WxWfall upon Macbeth. Shakejf.

After the flood, arts to Chaldea/f//;
The father of the faithful there did dwell.
Who both their parent and Inftriuftor was. Denham.

You (hall fe<: a great zttiXzfall to you, which you
WiA have loft the relilli of, had you known your-
fclf born to it. Addifon.

If to her (hare fome female trcoanfalt,
1.00k on her face, and you'll forget them all. Pcfte.

In their fpiritual and tempor,\l courts the labour
falh to their vicars-general, prodots, apparitors, and
fenefchals. Swiji.

35. To langulfli ; to grow faint.

Their hopes or fears for the common caufe rofe or
/(r//with your lordftiip's intereft. Addifon on Il:ily.

36. To be born to be yenned.

I.arobs pju^ have care taken of them a.t theii firll
Jailing, elfe, while they arc weak, the cows .ind
majpics will be apt to pick out their eyes.

Moitifner*
yj. To F A L L tnony. To grow lean.

Wiijry xegctables are proper, and fi(h ralhef.ihaii
flefli; in a Z.«j>t diet people commorily_/r// .iw<jv

ArhathnQt i^/i IJie!.

38. ToFALLflou^.. To.ifevolt; to change
allegiance.

The lagitivei/'// aivay iO;0>% ting of Kabylnn.

2 Kl>rgu

39. 7e Fall fl<u;«>r. To apofltatife; tofi^.
into wjckednefs.

Thefe for a while believe, and in time of temp-
UUionfaltii-waj. /.«/<, viii. I^.

Say not thou, it is through the Lord that I fell
mKray i for thqu oughtell not to do tlie tliiiws that he
batcth. , _ £«/(/. XV.

40. 7« Fall nv.'aif. To perifti ; to be loll.

Still j>rupagate; ler fliU they /i// iWJi .
•Tif prudence to prvvenl entire decay. Uiyd, Virg.

How can 11 entei' into the thoughts of man, that
the foul, wliich is capable of fuch iinmenfc perfec-
tions, and of rrc.i^ing new improvement to all eter-
nity, thiV fall alt) J into nothinj, almoft as fooii as
U is cre-ited ? ' Addifon*i SpeSJttior,

41. To FALU/mi'«y. To decline gradually J
to fade; to iaoguifh.

F A L

In t euriouj brede of needlework one eolovr falli
a^vay by fuch juft degrees, and another rifes fo in-
fcnfibly, that we fee the variety, without being able
to dirtinguhh the total vanilhingof the one from the
firft appearance of the other. Addifon.

42. Vo Fall iaci. To fail of a promife
or purpofc.

We have oitcn filleit iack from our refolutions.

Tayhr.

43. To Fall bad. To recede; to give way.

44. To Fall down, [diywtt is foinetimes
added to fall, though it adds little to the
fignification.] To proftrate himfelf in
adoration.

All kings (hall_/a// imvn befo« him; all nations

(hall ferve him. Pf l»xii. 1 1 .

Shall \fall dtmm to the (lock of a tree ?//". xliv. 11.

4 J. To Fall do-zua. To fink; not to ftand.

As (he wasfpeaking, (he/f// dowit for faiiitneli.

*^ ' £/?/-. XV.

Dnoitfe/l the beauteous youth; the yawning wound
Gufh'd out a purple ftream, and (tain'd the ground.

Diyden.

46. To Fall do^m. To bend as a fuppliant.

They (hall /a// durvn unto thee; they (hall m*kc
fuppUcation unto thee. ^ xlv. 14.

47. To Fall from. To revolt; to depart
from adherence.

Clarence
Is very likely to fall from him. Shaieff. Henry VI.
The emperor being much foUicited by the Scots
not to be a help to ruin their kingdom,/// by de-
grees/row the king of England. Hayward.

48. 7o Fall in. To concur ; to coincide.
Objedions fall in here, and are the clearcft and

iJioft convincing ai^uments of the truth, tyaodivard.

His rcafonings in this chapter feem tofall in with
each other; yet, upon a clofer inveftigation, v.e
(tall find ihem propofed with great variety and di-
ftinaion. Atteriury.

Any fingle paper th^t falls in with the popular

tafte, and ple.ifes more than ordinary, brings one

a great return of letters.

Addifon.

When the war was begun, there foon fell in other
incidentsat home, which made the continuance of

it nccellary.

Sxuift.

49. ToFall />/. To comply; to yield to.

eur fine young ladies re.idily_/fl// in with the di-
reilion of the graver fort. Sfteffaiar.

It is a double misti^rtune to a nation, which is thus
given to change, when they have a fovereigu that is
prone to fall in with all the turns and veerings of
the people. Addijon.

You will 6nd it difficult to perfuade learned men
Xofali in with your projcfts. Addifon on Medals.

That prince applied himfelf tirft to thechurchof
England; and, upon their refuf.il lo full in with
bis meafurcs, made the like advances to the dilfenters.

Svifi.

50. To Fall e^. To feparate ; to be broken.

Love cools, friendfhip /j//r oj, brothers divide;
In cities, mutinies; in countries, difcord. SiiaUff.

51. To Fall off. To pcrilh ; to die awav.
Languages need recruits to fupply the place of

' thofe words that are con«iQually_/".).'A>5 off through
difufc. I'dlon.

52. ToYk\.-l off, Toapoftatize; to revolt;
to forfake. 1 ■' '

9{\i.^*W'«' "(hat; a/fl/Z/n^o^ was there. Sbak.
Revolted Mortimer?
— He xxnf^i^fall off, my foyereign liege.
But by the chance of war. Sb.ikiff. lUn'y TV.

I'b'cy, a^uftomcd \n afford, at o;her tinus either
(ilcncc or fliort alfent to what he did purpofe, did
then_/i//<iy and forfake him. ^fpi/t^fd.

What caufe
Mov'd our grjnd paronti, in that hap^iy' (fate,
Favoiir'd ol Hcav'nifo highly, Xofali off
from their Creator, !>ai tranfgrefs bis will i Milton.

Thofe captive Xrihafll off
From Cod to woilhip calves. MUloa'sParadifi Lofi.

Were I always grave, one half of my readers

F A L

Soare coarfc cold fallad is before thee fct j
Bread with the bran, perhaps, and broken meal{
Fall on, and try thy appetite to eat. Drydcn'i Perfi

54. To Fall oti. To make an ^flault ; to
begin the attack.

They fell on, I made good my place: at leiieth
they came to the broomftaff with me; I defied 'en
ftill. Stakefpeare't Henry VUl,

Fall oif, fall on, and hear him not;
But fpare his perfon for his father's fake. Dryicx.

Draw all; and when I give the viari,fall on.

Oediput.

He pretends, among the refV, to quarel with m«,
to hive fallen foul on pricfthood. D'ydm.

55. To Fall over. To revolt; to dcfcrt
from one fide to the o<hcr.

And do'ft thou now fall over to my foes*
Thou wear a lion's hide ! doff it, for Ihame,
And hang a calve's (kin on thole recreant limbs.

Sbakefpeare't King foblt*

56. To Fall oa/. To quarrel; to jar; to
grow contentious.

Little needed thofe proofs to one who would have
fallen out with herfelf, rather than make any coa-
jeftures to Zclmanc't fpcechcs. SiJney,

Hot/ fell you out, fay that ?
— No contraries hold more antipathy.
Than I and fuch a knave. Shakefpeare's Kin^Le*r^

Meeting her of late behind the wood.
Seeking fwcct favours for this hateful fool,
I did upbraid her, inifall otil with her. Siakeff,.

The cedar, by the inftigation of the loyalifti, ///
out with the homebians, who had cledted him to be
their king. HoveU

A foul exafperated in \\\s,falh out
With every thing, its Irlend, itiell. Addifon's Calo.

It has been my misfortune to live among quarrel-
fome neighbours : there is but one thing can make
Mi fall out, and that is the inheritance of Lord Strut's
cftate. Arliuihnot's fobn Hull.

yj.To Fall out. To happen; to befall.

Who think you is-my Uorus \i fallen out to be*

Sidney.

Now for the moft part, it (ofalleii out, touching

things which generally are received, that although

in therafelves they be moft certain, yet, becaiife

we ate hardlielt
iiocier.

would fall off Irom me.

53. To Fall
1 any tiling.

Addifon's itpeikiu

Off, To begin eagcdy to do

men prefume them granted of all,
able to briag p:pof ol ilieir certainty.

it {o fell cut, that certain players
We o'cr-rode on the way; of thofe we told him. Sbak.

Yet fo it miy fall out, bec4ufe their end
Is hate, not help to me. Miltoii's Agoniftet.

Then fell out a bloody quarrel betwixt the lrog»
and the mice. L'Eflrange.

If it (ofall out that you are miferable tor ever,
thou haft no reafon to be furprifed, as if fome unex-
pected thing had happened. Tillotfon.

58. TcFall to. To begin eagerly to eat.

The men were falhion'd in a larger mould,
The women ht for labour, big and bold ;
Giganiick hinJs, as foon as work was done.
To tlicir huge pots of boiling pulfe would run ;
Fall to, with eager joy, on homely food. DrydeiK

59. To Fall to. To apply himfelf to.
They would needs /;// to the piaiflice of thofe

virtues which they before learned. Sidney.

1 know tliee not, old man ; fall to thy pr.iyera :
How ill white hairs become a tool ai)d jefter! Sbak.

Having been broughr up an idle horl'ebpy, he wiU
never after/a// to labour; but is ooly made fit fp«*
the halter. Spenfor.

They /■// ta raifing money under pKtcnce of the
relief ot Ireland. Clarendon.

Mj \ii: fails la play : fo bad her chance,
He muft repair It. Pope.

60. To Fa.ll tiTtder. To be fubjeft to ; to
- become the fubjeft ofl

We know the cfiects of heat will be (iich as will
fcarce fall under the conceit of man, if the force of
it be aliogcther kept in. Bacon's Natural Hifoory.

Thofe things vinith are wholly i|) the choice of
another, fall undtr our dcliberatbn. Taylor.

'1 hs idea of the painter .tnd the fculptor is un-
doubtedly rtiat perfedl and excellent example ol the
mind, by imiution of which imagined form, all
things are repttfented which/a// under human fight.
L fitjden's DufrefttOy,

(n.Tt

jj A t:

6i. ToVki-i. under. To be ranged whh ; to
be reckoned with.

No rules that relate to paftoral can a!!Wl the
Georgicks, which fall «» -<f that chfs of poetry
which. confilb in giving plain inftriiftions to the rei-
*r. AAJifoit tin the Georgicts,

62. To Fall ufm. To attack; to invade;
to aflfault.

A\ini\i/i//iiig upon thefepllies, had with them a
cruel and deadly fight. Xfi^Ues.

An inlic£lion in a town firft Jjl/s upsn children,
weak conftitutions, or thofe who are fubjeCl toother
difeafetj but, fpreading further, fcizes upon the moll
hcal*y. TempU.

V<an falls ufm every thinf that comes in his
way; not a berry or mufhroom can efcape him.

Aidlfon's SfeBalar.

To get rid of fods and fcour.drels was one part
of my defign inyV//>^ upon thefe authors. Pope.

63. Ta Fall «/«w. To attempt.

I do not intend to fjU upon niu philofophical
difquifitionsalKxit llic nature of time. nddir.

64. TaY \\.\. upQii, To ru(h againft.

At the iamc umc that the t^rm bean upon the
whole fpeciei, we uc falling foul ufun one another.

Addif.n.

6%i Fall is one of thofe general words
of which it is very diffi^It to afcertain
or detail the full fignification. It retains
in moft of its fenfcs fome part of its pri-
mitive meaning, and implies either lite-
rally or figuratively defcent, violence, or
fuddennefs. In many of its fenfes it is
oppofed to rife ; but in others has no
counterpart or correlative.
7» Fall. f. a.
I. To drop; to let fall.

Tu-morrow in the battle think on me,
Ani fall thy edglcfs fword, defpair and die. Shalt.
It that the earth could teem with womanS tears,
Each drop, Wttfallt, would prove a crocodile. Sbak.

Draw together;
And when I rear my hand, do you the like,
To fall it en Goazalo. Skikr/pt are's Ttmfefl.

am willing to fall this aiguoient: 'tis free lor
evenr man to write or not to write in verfe, as he
thinks it is or is not his talent, or as he imagines
the audience will receive it. Drydrn.

2. To fink ; to deprefs : the contrary to

raift.

If a man would endeavour to n\(e oc fall his

twice ftill by half notes, like the ftops of a lute, or

ky whole notes alone without halls, as far as an

eight, he will not be able to frame his voice unto it.

hacin's Natural Hifi.

3. To diminifli ; to let fink : oppofed to
raife.

Vfon leflening intercft to (our ftr cmt.yaa fall
the price of your native commodiiiei, or Icflcn your
Uadc, or elfc prevent not tlie high ule. JUtir.

4. To yean; to bring forth.

They then conceiving, did in yeaning time
J'j//parly-colour'd lambs, and tliofe were Jacob's.

^hakefpcart.

Fall. a./, [from the verb.]

1. The aft of dropping from on high.

High o'er iheirhcads a mould'nng rock is plic'd.
That promifcs ^faU, and ihakes at ever blart. Dtyd.

2. Thea^tof tumbling from an ereftpofture.

I faw him run after a gilded butterfly ; and when
he caught it, he let it go again, and after it again ;
and over and over he comei, and uji again, and
taught it again; or whether liij/j/; enraged him,
•r bow it was, he did fo let his teeth, and did team.
. , Hhaktfftare.

3. The Tiolence fuffered in dropping from
on high.

Mylontoming into bii nurtiate-chamber^ hap-
fened to have a/i//, and died. i gfj,, j. ^{j

Spirit of wiuc, mingled with common water, li
the MXfmil be broken, by means of a fop, of other-
wife, ftjycih above; and once if mingled, it ft-
Tcretk 001 ajaln, is ail doth, .fijfs/t'j I'tyf. R,„

t' A L

A ferer ar fall my take away my reaiol*': lUiti.

Some were hurt by the falls they got by leaping

upon the ground. Gi..,;vfr'sTrav,.ls.

|. Death; overthrow; deHruftion incurred.

Wail hisfall.
Whom I myfelf ftrudc down. Shakcff care's Mad.
Our fathers were given to the fword, and for a
fpoil, and h.ui a greitfaJi before our enemies.

_ . jfuduljf vili 9,

I will begin to pr.iy Rr myfelf and for them; for

I fci Ihefalli of us that dwell in the land.

_ . 2 Efdr. viii. 17.

|. Ruin : Diflblution.

Paul's, the late theme of fuch a mufe, whofe flight
Has bravely reach'd and foar'd above thy height;
Now (halt ihou ftand, though fword, or time, or fire.
Or zeal more fierce than they, thy fall confpire.
. Dcnham.

>. Dowittall; fofsof greatnefs;; declerifion
from eminence; degradation ; ftate of be-
ing depofeil from a high ftation ; plunge
from happincfs or greatnefs into mifery
or meaiinefs, or from virtue tocorruption.
In a fenfe like this we fay the fait of
man, and they^// of angels.

Her memory feiv'd as an accufer of her change,
and herown hand v\ riling was there to bcarteftimony
againft her/;//. Sidttty.

Perhaps thoutalk'ftof me, and do'ft enquire
Ot my leftraint: why here 1 live alone;
And piticft this my mif'erable/a//. Daniel's Civ. (far.

He, carelefs now of int'rcrt, fame, or fate.
Perhaps foigrti that Oiford e'er was great ;
Or deeming meaneft what we grcatell call.
Beholds thee glorious only in tityfall. Pupe to Ptrntl.

. Dedcnfion of greatnefs, power, or do-
minion.

F" A L

Before the/j// of the Po into the giilph, it rtcelvta
into its channel confiderable rivers Addijonon Italy.

13. Autumn; the fall of the leaf; the time
when the leaves drop from the trees.

What crowds of patients the town doiaor kills.
Or how laft/;//|ie rais'd the weekly bills. Drfdeir.

14. Any thing that comes down in great -
quantities.

Upon a ^K3tfall of rain the current Carried aWa*
a huge hcap_of appks^.^_ VH^raagc.

of

Till the empire came to be fettled in Charles the
Great, the/j,/of the Romans huge dominion con-
curringwith other univerfal evils, caufcd thofe times
to be days of much affiiflion and trouble tho.ighoiit
the world. fj^^„_

8. iJiminution; decreafe of value.

That the improvement of Ireland is the principal
caufe why our lands in purchale rife not, as natu-
rally they ftiould, with the fallal our intcrcft, ap-
pears evidently from the eiTea the fall of interelt
hath had upon houfes in London. CiilJ.

9. Declination or diminution of found; ca-
dence ; clofe of mufick.

That Drain again; it hada dyiiig/j,7;
O, it came o'er my ear, like the fwteih South
That breathes upon a bank of violets.
Stealing and giving odours. Sbakrfp. Twelfth Night.

How fwectly did they float upon the wings
Of filencc, through the empty-vaulted night.
At ev'ry_/a//fmoothing the raven down
Ot darkiicfs 'till it fmil'd I Milton.

10. Declivity; ftcep defcent.

Waters when beat upon the (liore, or ftraimei,
at the/a//x of bridges, or dalhed againft ihemfelves
by winds, give a roaring noife. Bar(,n's Nat. Hiji.

11. Catarafl; cafcade; rulb of water down
a deep place.

There will we lit upon the rocks.
And fee the (hepherds feed their tiocki
By (hallow rivers, to whakfalls
Melodious birds ling madrigals. Shakefpeart.

A whiftling wind, or a melodious noife ot birds
among the fpreading branches, or a pleafing/i// of
water running violently, thefe things made them to
fwoon for fear. iVifd

Down through the crannies of the living walls
The cryftil ftreams defcend in murm 'xmi. falls. Dryd.

Tlie fwain, in barren defcrts, with lurpriae
Sees lilies fpring and fudden verdure rile;
And Harts, amidft the thirfty wilds to hear
tizw falls of water murm'ring in his ear. Pope.

Now under hanging mountains,
Belide the/,//, of fountains,
He makes hit moan;
And calls herghoft.
For ever, ever, ever loft ! Pope's St. Cecilia.

(2. 1 he outlet of a current into any other
water.

|.

I J. The aft of felling or cutting down;

as, df fall of timkr.
FALLA'CIOUS. adj. \falla,e, Latin ;. falla-

ciettx, French.]

1. Producing mtftake; fophiftic.-'.l. It iV
never nfed of men, but of writings, pro-
pofitions, or things.

The Jews believed and aflented to things neither
evident nor certain, nor yet fo much as probable,
but aftually falle ini fallacious; fuch .n the abfurd
doaiines ar.d ftoties of their tabbies. .JbarA'i Sermons,

2. Deceitful ; mocking expeftafion.
The force of thttfallaeioin fruir.

That wi th exh ilerati ng vapour bland
About their fpirits had play'd, and in inmofl' pow'Vj
Made err, was now exhal'd. Milton's Par. l^ft.
Falfc philofophy infpires . v

Fallacious hope. ATilm.

FALLA'ciousLy. ndv. [from fallmious:']
Sophiftically; with purpofe to deceive;
with unfound reafoning.

We (liallfo far encourage conlradiflion, as to pro-
mife not to oppoli: any pen that (hall fallaciiujly
refute us. Bro-nm.

We have fecn how fallacimi/ly the author has
ftaled the caufe, by fuppoling that nothing but un-
limited mercy, or unlimited yunilhmcnt, arc the
methods that can be made ufe of. Addifon.

Falla'ciousness. »./. \ixoxn falladons,\
Tendency to deceive ; inconclufivenefs.

Fa'llacv. »./. \fallncia,'L'i.t:m\fallaec,
French.] Sophifm; logical artifice ; de-
ceit; deceitful argument; del ufory mode
of ratiocination.

Moft princes make themfelves another thing froi«
the people by ayj//ayrofaijument, thinking them-
felves moft kings when the fubje^ is moft balclyfuh,
jedlcd. Hidney.

Until I know this fure tinccrtainty,
I'll entertain the (now' i fallacy . Sbakefp.

It were a mtttfallacy, and miftaking to afcnbe
that to the force of imagination upon another bo<Iy,
which is but the force of imagination upon the pro-
per body. ^^r„„.
All men, who can fee an inch before them, maf
eafily iiit(X%xo(s fallacies. Dryden.
Falladi'lity. n.f. [(torn fallihle.] Ua-
blenefs to be deceived; uncertainty; pof-
Ability of errour.

There is a great deal o( fallahility in the teftimony
of men ; yet fome things we may be almoft as certain
of, as that the fun Ihines, or that five twenties mak«
an hundred. U^aits,

FA'LLIBLE. adj. [/alio, Latin.] Liable
to errour; fuch as may be deceived.

Do not falfify your refolution with hopes that are
fallible: to-morrow you mutl die. Shakefp.

He that creates to himfdf ihbufands of BWe hoj.e»,
uneertain in the promife, falliblt in tli^tvenl, and
depending upon a thoufand cirtumftaiicc, 0/1^1 fail
hiscspeftatinns. 'Tnvl'r.

Ojr intellectual or rational powers need foi»a
alTiftance, bccaufe they are fo frail aai fallible '\a
the prcfcnt ftate. Halts,

Fa'i.ling.
Fa'lli.vc in.

It ftiows the iiofc .tnJ c.ebiows, wish the fcvcral
prominences and filling^i in of the features, much
more diftinftly than any other kind of figure. Addif.
Fa'i.lincsickn£Ss. n. f. {fall and />'fl-
«//}.] Ihecpilepfy; a difeiif.' in which
5 A 2 tl*c

. "1 »./ [fromyi//.] Indenting*
in. J oppofed to promiiiercc.

F A L

tlie patient is without- anj' warning^e-

privedatonce of hisfenfes, and falls down.

t^DidCafarfwoon?— He fell down in the market-

place, and foam'd at moulli, auvJ was Ipeochleft.--

He hath i\xtfuin>,gM'":f'- ,. /f"*W-

The d<«filher is good ajaina thc/iJuxs/icirieJi.

FALLOW, ailj. [plepe, Saxon.]

1. Pale red, or pale yellow.

How does your/iZ/aw greyhound, fir?
1 heard fay, he was oat-run at Cotfale. Sbakeff.

The king, who wis erceffivcly afieflcd to hurit-
ine, had a great defire to make a great park for red
as »-ell as fj/Zm/ deer between Rklimond and
Hampton-court. Cla<tnd(,n.

2. Unfowed; left to reft after the yeat8_ ot ,
tillage. [Suppofed to be fo called uop
the colour ot naked ground.] _ ,

The ridges of thc/d/.'viy field lay traverfed, fo
as the EngliUi mull crofs lliem in prefenimg the
charge. , . , "^■^"'"■^■

3. Plowed, but not fowed ; .plowed as pre-
pared for a fecond aration.

Her prcdecefVors, in their courrc of govemrpent,

did but fometimes call up tlie ground ; and fo leaving

it/a/Jrw, it became .juickly overgrown with weeds.

' ' Uetuel's Focal ronJI.

4^ Unplowed; uncultivated.

Herfj/futv lees
The darnel, hemlock, and rank fumitory,
. Doth root upon. Shah/fcar^s HtMrj N .

' 5. Unoccupied; neglefled.

Shall faints in civil bloodflied wallow
Of faints, and let the caufe lie/i/.'sw? Hudibras.

Fa'llow. »./. ffrbra the adjeaive.]
I, Ground plowed in order to be plowed
ag«in.

'The plowing of fallovji is a benefit to land.

Morlimcr.

The bell ploi'ghs to plow up Suramer/i//sw with.

Morlimer.

3^. Ground lying at teft.

Within an ancient forclfs ample vei-ge,
■ There Hands a lonely but a healthful dwelling,
'Built for convenience, and the ufe of life;

Ar.iund it falUxui, meads, and pafturc! lair,
, A little 6;irden, and a limpid brookv
JV>4 nature'sown contiivancefecms difpos'd. R'-ivt.

gie JbAi.LOw. 'V. n. To plow in order to a
. la fecond plowing.

Begin 10 plow up fallows: this iitt falliilving
.ought to be very lh;Jlow. Moriium's HuJianJiy.

I^a'llowness. «. /. [ixomfnlkw.] Bar-
• rcnnc.fs ; an exemption from bearing fruit.

' Like one, who, in her third widowhood, doth

proii-ls. ^ .,..,,.

HerfcU a nun, ty'd to retirednefs, '
S' aftflsmy niufc now a chAt/allotvnr/s.' Donnt.
FAT.se. adj. [faljus, Latin j faux, fauffe,
'French.]

1. Not morally truCi expreffing that which
^iji not thought. . .' .

'. y . Inn'Xeuce ihall make
'Tl^fi accufatlon bluili, and tyranny
ri KBiWc at palieiKC. iihMijf. (fiitlrr't -Tuft.

Thire irifa/fr witnelTes among men. L'EJlyan^e.

2. Not phyficaUy true; conceiving that which

docs not Oktn.
r,,; iMimn that be_/<i^, which ev'ry tongue

Of ■••|».«»ria; man atfinns for(r,ue.>

VV^h tn;;:i halb mall ages bet'nfoftronf, _ ,
As loj^one like, all hearts it ever ditw. iJavvV^.
Afaiceis thai in poetry, whifh groiefn»M: is iii a
fiilure; the perlOos and aOiicn of a farce are all
unnatural, and' the maancrsyj//i- j that is, iucoii-
'filling wilh the tharaOcri of maiikiud. Dijien-

3. .'■Uiccedancons ; fuppofitious. *

Take » \efi(:l, and make a/ j.^'V bottom of coaVfe
canval's: kllu wiih carih above the caovals. Bioen.

44 Deceiving expedation; not folid i not
found.

ilc fell, «s a huge rocky difli

F A L

. Wliofe/»y« foui\iation waves have walh'tl away,
With dreadful poife is from the main land reft.

Fan) Queen.

When that flood in its own depths were drow n'd,

Itlclt bchiii'd it_/fl//( and llipp'ry ground. Dryden

The heart ot man looks fair, but when we come

i to'lOTany weight upon't, the ground is /;iJ/> un.-'er

I us, ' ; VBIiratti^.

j. Not agreeable to nsle, or propriety.'.

Now, fv upon my fylfe French; by mine hopeur,
in true En'glilh, I love ihee, Kate. Shakejp.

k, Nolhoneft; nbtjuft.

The true prince may, for recreation, rfve ifalfi
thief j for thepoorabulcs of the times wjut counte-
nance. , Hhahfp.

Men arefnimgcs, which, to pour out receive;
Who know /a^f 'play, rather than lofe, deceive.
. • ' Donne

7. Treacherous ; perfidious i trajterous j de-
ceitful ; hollow.

1 grant him bloody,
Luxurious, avaricious, _/"<;^, deceitful,
Sudden, malicious, fmacking of ev'ry fin
That has a name. Shukff. Macbeth,

t'alfe of heart, light of ear, bloody 01 hmi.Sbah.
' ■ A man to whom he had committed the truft o<
, his peifon, in making him his chamberlain ; this
man, no ways difgraced, noways difcontcnt, noways
put in fear, tatmfal/e unto him. Bacon's Hen. 'Vl.

bo hail thou cheated Thcfeus with a wile,
Aguinll thy vow, returning to beguile
Under a borrow'd name 1 as_/ij^ to ine,
Sofalfe thou art to him who let the free. Dryjm.
■Mic ladies will make a numerous party agaii.ll
him, for bdngjy/t to love in forfaking Dido. OiyJ.

8. Counterfeit; hypocritical; not real j as
afa//e diamond.

Fa/fe tears true pity moves : the king commands
To bole l;is fetleis. - Drjifen's JSn.

9, In all thefe fenfes true is the word op-
pofed.

False, flifo. Not truly; not honeftly; not
exaiftly; falfely.

What thou would'ft highly,
Thai thou woulu'il hblilyj would'it not fUy fa/fe.
And ye! would'lt wrongly win. Shakfji. M.tcbctb.
To False, -v, n. [from the noun. J

1 . 'i o violate by failure of veracity.
Is't not enough thai to this lady mild,

1'hu'j fi/fid hath thy faith with perjury} Fairy ^.

2. To deceive.
Fairfcemly pleafance each to other makes.

Wall goodly purpoles ihcre as theyfit;
And in K\ifa!feJ fincy he her takes

To ie the fairelt" wight that lived yet. Fahy Slueeii.

3. To make feints ; as fencers com;nonly do.

But, Guyon, in the heat of all his ftrifc,
. Waswary wife, and dofcly did await

Advantage, wliilil his fje did rage niofl rife;
Someiiincs athwart, I'ometimeshc llrook him (Irait,
Anija/fedoh his blows t'illude him with fuch bait.

Fairy £J(/a«.

4, This word is now out of ufe.
F.alSiIHea'rted. aiij. [fiilje and heait:^

Treacherous ; perfidious; deceitful ; hot-

; low. ^

Tiie traiteroiis or treacherous, who have milled

others, •are'fcvcrely punilhed; aiid ihe nejiials and

fjfth.arud fri^ds and followers, vdio have l^ricd

aiiac like a biolicn bDw, he noted, ., Bucon.

FA'l.3eH00D. «.,/. [ifomjul/cl

1. Wantof triith; want of verjicity.

Arlilictf of fraud t he *as'the flrll

That-prafl!S."d/ff//W*i/und«rfainVly (how. Miltcn.

All deception in thtcoiirl'cofliteist indeed, no-

I thing elfe biit a lie' reduced to pradice, dni/ii//e-

/i'oci palllhg-fromwoWs to things. ' fiMib.

2. 'Wantof-'ht)Ae(ly^; treachery; dccdtfui-
nefs; perfidy.'" ' \ .. ;

Nothing wants, but tnat thy fliape.
Like his, and colour li;rpentine| may fl\ow
Thy inward frau<K to wani-allcrcatureslVom thee
Hincefot;h ; Itll that looheaveiiiy torn, pretended
To htU'iA/a/fucci, faarc them.' " M'ii^^.

'' F A L

A lie ; a falfe alfertion. ^

In your anAveri tliere xemMBi faljlocd, Joit

. Counterfeit; impolttirc.

YaTTio/UljunsJcxa endure
Touch of ccleltial temper, bui leturos
Of force to its own likeoefs. Mlltom

'a'lselV. /zii;. [fromya^.] .j

. Contrarily to truth ; not truly.

bimeon and Levi Ipake not oniy/al/7y but infi«
dioufly, nay hypocritically, abufing rafclytes an^
religion. Gov, a/ Tcngue.

Already were ih« Belgians on ourcoart,
Wliafc fleet more mightyevery daybecame

By late fuccefs, whicfi ihey i.\ljaifely boaft,-
And now by fiilla)jpeaiing.lee;n'tl to claim. Diyi,

Tell him, I did in vainhis t:oilKr move.
And j ct hvjalf*/y faid he was in iovt ;
/a^^/)'; forhad hctiuly iov'd,- at leaft
He would have giv'u one day to my requeft. DryJat.

Such aS are treated ill and upbraided y^/^/ji findj
out an intimate friend that will hear ihiir corn*
plaints, and endeavour to footh their fecret refent-
menis. Add'ijon's SfeHaltt'.

z. Erroneoufly ; by midake. '

He knows that to be inconvenienf which wtfalfetj
think 'convenient for us. Smatft'fdge't Sefmons,

1,. Pertidiouny; treacherouflyj deceitfully,..
Fa'i.seness. n.f. [fromya^ir.]

1. Contrariety to truth.

2. Want of veracity ; violation of promife.

Suppofe the reverl'e of virtue were folemnly enabl-
ed, and the cra^iicc ol traud and rapine, and per-
jury and fatfenefs to a man's word, and all vice
were eilablillted by a law, would that which we
now call vice gain the reputation ol virtue, and that
which we now call virtue grow odious to human
nature ? ■ Ttlhtftn,

3. Duplicity; deceit; double dealing.

Piety is oj-^ofed to hypocrify and inliiiccrity, and.
all ftilfeneji or foulnefs of intentions, efpecially ta
perlonated devotion, - FLtrnmcnd' s Fundi^mentalim

4. Treachery; perfidy; traiieroufnefs.

King Richard inightcreate a perfcil gucis.
That gix:aL Nonhumbeiland, then talle to Iiim,
Would cf that Iced grow to agrcaifr/i3^7/(y>. Shok,

The prince is in no danger ot-beiiig betiayed by
iheJli/Jene/Sf or cheated by the avarice of fuch a fer-
vaut. Rogerp,

Fa'lser. rt. /. [from/a(/e.] A deceiver j
An hypocrite. Now obfolete.

Such end had the kid j for he woultf weaned be
Of craft coloured with fim}.Iicity;
And fuch end, pardic, does all them remain,
I That of fuchyi.^r'j fiicndlhip been fain. Spenjei*.

Falsifi'able. o(^'. [fvom/al/ify.] Liable

to be counterfeited or corrupted.
Falsifica'ti.on. »./. \faljijication, French, '.

{nm f<iyitj.\
I. The aft of counterfeiting any thing fo
as to make it appear what it is not.

Concerning the word of Cod, whether it be by
mifconlliuilion of the I'cnie, or by J'jljijicaiiyn of ■'
the words, wittingly to endeavour that any thing
may feem divine wh-ch is nor, is very plainly to
abufe, and even to fallify liivine evidence, which.,
' injury, oftercd but unto men, is irioft worthily counted -
heinous.' Hivker,l

To counterfeit the dead image of a king \ii hi>

coin is an high oti'emc; but to counterfeit the living

imageof a king in his perlon, excecdeth ally*i^^".\.i:

. ciiio/ii \ except it Ihould be that of a Mahomet,

that connterfcils Divine honour. Btico/t,

a. Confutation.

' The poet invents this fiftion to prevent pollerity
from fcarehing aftei this ific, and to pieferve his ftory
, from dt'tc^lion of yi;^6rri.'/6«. _ _ Bfojme.

^x'ttniiiL.ti./. {(xomf(tlj1fy.'\
I. Obc that counterfeits; one that iiiakes
any thing to feem what it is not.

It happens in theories built oil too obvious or loa
few experiments, what happens toy<i^i&ii of coin;
for counterfeit money will endure fonic one rrooj^
others another, but «o»t ol tliem all proofs. ify/V.

I ■■ 'a'A

FAE

|V A liar ; one that contrives fiiirehoods,

Bo-illcrs »re natural ly/j^f/ftf J i and ihe people, of
all others Uiat put »heir Ih-ais tlie word together.

L* EJirange.

To Fa'lsifv. 'V. a. ifolJ)fier,¥Knc\\.]
I. To counterfeit; to forge; to produce
foraething for that which in reality it is
not.

We cannot excufe that church, which through
corrupt tranflaii'is ol Icri, turc, delivereth, inllead
of divine fpeeches, any thing repugnant unto that
vhidi God fpcsUeth; or, throughyj^(^<'<'ajdi[io:is,
prBpnfcth that to the people of God as Scrirtute,
V»hich ii in truth no Scripture. tLoscr.

The Iriih bards ufe to fbrge mifalfify every thing
as they ''ft, top'-r.Ie ordifplcale any man. Sfrnfer.
' ^•^'J'fy"'& 'he balance by deceit. Anus.

4. To confute; io prove faife.

Ouj Saviour's prophecy l\ands good hi the de-
flrufVion of the temple, and the di'.loiution of the

* Jcwilh oiconomy, when Je«s a:id Pagai.i united alt
their enJeavDuri, under Julian the apoftaie, to

■ bafCe r.nd_/Jiff//the prediiSion. Addifcn.

4i To violate; to break by falfehood.

It fiiall be thy work, thy Ihamcful work, which
U in thy power to ihun, to make him li\e to fee
thy faithyii//i/Sf</ and liis bed defiled. Sldmy.

He fujdtniy fjljified his faiih, and villainoully
ficv.' Selymcs the king, as he was bathing himfelt,
millTufting nothing Ids than the fallchood of the
pirate. KnoUcs^s Hi^tty.

This fuperadds treachery to all ihe other p:ltikrit
ingredients of the crime; 'tis ihtfal/ifying the molt
iiTifwrtant truft. Drcay of Pieiy.

4. To pierce; to run through.

Ilii creff is rafli'd away, his ample (hicld
Xifjijify'd, and round with javMins lillM. Drjd-n.

Ol this word Mr. Drjdm writes thus : My
friends quarrelled at \\x. tia-.i J.ilftfird, as an iimo-

* nation in Our language. The lact is confelVcd ; lor
I remember not to have read it i!> any Er.glilh au
thor; though peihaps it may be found in Sfrrfcr'i
Yi\rs Queen. Bur fjppofe it be not there : why
am \ fsibidden to borrow from the Italian, a polilh-
cd language, the word which is wanting in my native

.V tongue? Horace has given us a rule for coming
yNOtA^ Ji graca fonre raJartt efpecially whenpthcr
words are joi:<cd «i:h them v^hicL explain the fenfe.
I ufed the vioti fjijlfy, in th.s place, 10 mean that
the (hield ot Turnu* was not of ^roof againft the
fpears and jlvctins of the Trojins, which had pierted
it thmugh and through in many places. The words
. nhich accompany this new one, makes my meaning
plain ;

Maji /* {^^g9 J' ^miierj ^rr/>:;7,
' C&< inj'i pfMer lallatlo in nejfiim fd/.;o,

Aru)!^o, cant. xtvi.

Fnlfar cannot otherwife be turned than hs'fufji-
f.d: for his rtiield wasyi^rrf, is not Englilh. 1
night indeed have contented myfcif with fa)ing his
Ihield waspictced, anU bored, and ftuck wiih 'ave-
lins. Drydelt,

Dryien, with all this effort, was not able to na-
ttiralife the new fignification, which 1 have never
fccn copied, except once by fome obfcure nam? leis
writer, and which indeed defervei not to be received.

To Fa'lsifv. t/. «. To tell lies;, to violate
truth.

Thi* polr.t have we gained, that it is abfolulely
and univrrUMy unlawful to lie nt&f^lfify, Smtb.
FA'l.stYr. If./, [fnljitai, l.zlin.\

Ncith'r ire (hry able to ^-'.lY ihrousll thofc fr-
t rours, . . r.lnately fcttl«^'J, tin'.

w<hcy ] fum. u£ wbatlc;.ei

love isc ^ '.,,.. . ;i II tiji,-.

Cap you on him fucli_/i7/////Vf obiruilc .>
And as a miral the moll wife dtludc ! S.tudis.
Probability does'not mqke any alteration, ?-.'^fr
in the titiih nx fuljiiy oi things ( but only im;->.;i!
a difTcrenr d'.grcc of their cleartvefs or appearar.rr to
the andetftandmj. .'„./ A.

a. A lye; an errour; a £iil/e affertion or
pofition.
That Uanobiut arifeth from the Pyrenean hills,
..Out lite caitb it higher tQwwdi Ux nurcji, m o^i-

F A M

niotiJ' truly charged on Ariltotle by the reftorerof
Epicurus, and all eafily confutable_/i/^/Kj.

GlanviUt^s Scepfis,

To FA'LTER.'u. ». [faltar, to be wanting,
>Spani(h ; faultur, a ftammerer, Iflandick,
which is probably a word from the fame
radical.]

I4. To hefitate in the utterance of words.

VJ'iXh faltering tongue, and trembling ev'ry vein,
Tell on, quoth Ihe. Fairy S}uecn.

The pale airillanlt on each other ftar'J,
With gaping mouths for ilfuing word? prepar'd ;
The ftili-bom founds upon the palate hung.
And dy'd impcrfeift on the /j//V/;t^ tongue. Diyd.

He changes, gods! zni/a/irrs at the quct'tion :
His tear?, his words, his look, declare him guilty.

iSi'wu-6.

z. To fail in any aft of the body.

This eaith (hall have a feeling ; and thefe ftones
Prove arinod foldiers, ere her natire king
ShaliyijV/rr under foul rebellious a.'ins. Sbakfff.
He found his \^is falter. tVifrman's Surgery.

3. To fail in any aft of the underlbnding.
How far idiots are concerned in the want or
weakncfs of any or all faculiies, an exaiS obferva-
tion of their feveral ways oi fullering would difcover.

Ijicke.

To Fa'lter.^ v. a. To fift ; to cleanfe.
This word feems to be merely ruftick or
prov ncial.

Barley for malt muft be bold, dry, fweet, and
chiofallered from foulnefs, feeds and oats.

M'jrtimer^s Hufh.l^dry.

Fa'lteRINcly. aJ'v. Hiom falter.^ With

hefitation ; with difficulty ; with feeWe-

nefs.
Io FA'MBLE.f. a. \famhr, D.inifh.] To

hefitate in the fpeecb. This word I find

only in Skinner,
FAME.w./. [fama.'Litia; ^«/*«, Dorick.]

1. Celebrity; renown.

The houle to be builded for the l.o»d uluft he ex-
ceeding ma^nihcal, oi fame and ot glory throughout
all countries Chrnn.

The defire oi fame will not fufTcr endnwmenis
to lie ufelefs. ■ Addifnin Sftdaler.

What is thisy^rwf, for which we thoughts employ,
Tiie owner's wire, which other men enjoy? Pufie.

2. Report; rumour.

We have heard litc fame of him, and all thai he

did in Egjpt. Jf. ix. 9.

1 ihall ihcw what are trae fames. Bacon.

Fa'med. <7d)'. [from favtir.] Renowned;
celebrated ; much talked of,

H J i.yira'j' for mildricl's, peace, and payer. HiaJi.

He puipofcs lofeek the ClariangoJ,
Avoiding IXlphos, his more_/ww;',/ abode.
Since Pl.legian lob'jcrs made unfafe the road. Diyd.

Arittiileswas an Athctvian philofopher, yjmcrf lor

his learning and wifdom; but converted to Chrii-

tianiiy. Addifon.

Fa'meless. adj. [from /«?»<■.] Having no

fame; without renown. Not in ufe.

Then let n»e; famelefs, love the fields and woods.
The fruitlul wate.-'d vales and running floods. May.

iF.AMl'UAR. eulj. [familiaris, Latin.]
I, Doineftick ; relating to a family.

Thej tiw^efimiliar to the dome. Pupe.

z. Affable; not formal; eafy ia converfa-
tion.

Be ihw familiar, butifno means vulgar. Sbak.

fee not loci familiar with l*cins j for he mifufes thy
favours fo muUi, that he fwcats thou ait '0 marry
hisfiller Nell.' •■ Shakrfp.

I , t'ncercmoptow ;■■ free,, as among perfons
long acqu:;intcd.

Kalandar UiCight thoofht he faw his niece Par-
ihciiii, and was about in fuch familiar fort 10 have
fpoken unto her ; but Ihe, in grave and honourable
manlier, ■ ■ ~ •■ r; to undwiliiid that he was mif-
,t*lt?a. Sidney.

F A M

4. Wel! known ; brought into knowledge
by frequent practice or cuftom.

I fee not how the Scripture could be pofTibly made
familiar unto all, unlets far more fliould be read in
the people's hearing than by a fermon can be opened.

Haohr,

Let us chufe fuch noble counfcl.
That war, or peace, or bo^h at once, may be
As things acquainted s(ndfamiliar to us. Sbakefp,

Our fweet
Recefs and only confolation left
Familiar to our eyes ! Milton^s ParadifeLoJf,

One idea which is familiar to ihe mind, con-
nedted wiih others which are new and ilrange, will
brini; lliofe new ideasintocaiyrcmembrance. fVktts,

5. Well acquainted with ; accuftomed; ha*
bituated by cuftom.

Orchang'd at length, and to the place conform'd
In temper and in nature, will receive
i'jm/V/.rr the fierce heat, and void of pain. Milton,

The fenfcs affirft let in particular ideas; and the
mind, by degrees, growing familiar ■ w-'iih fome oi
thein, they are lodged in the memory, and names
got to them. Lacke,

He was amazed how fo impotent and groveling
an infed as I, could eiueriain fuch inhuman ide.is,
and in h familiar a manner, as to appear wholly
unmoved at all the Icencs 'of blood and deiblalion.

Guilti'uei 'j Travels,

P.stient pemiit the fadly-pleafing Itrain,
/liw/zV/iir now with grief, your tears retrain. Pope,

6. Common ; frequent.

To a wrong hypothtfis may be reduced the crrours
that may be occafioned by a true liypothc-ti:;, but not
lightly underllood: there is nothing mote _/J«/7/.ir
thiin this. JLocke.

7. flafy ; unconftiained.

He unreins
His mufc, and Iports in loofe/I:w///rfrl>rainE. Addif,

8. Too nearly acquainted.

A pour man found a pnzi} familiar with his wife,
and becaule he fpake it abroad, aiid could not prov^
it, (he piiclV fued himfordefamation. CumJe/:,

Fami'liar. ?/./.

1. .^n intimate; one long acquainted.

Tlic king is a noble gentleman, and m\ftmili4r

ULiLjp (aire.

When he finds hiinfelf avoided and iicgleLlcd by

h'lsfamiliarSt this aliedU him. Rogers,

2. A demon Aippofed to attend at call.

Love is familiar \ there is no evil angel but love.

abakefpeare,

FAMiLiA'RtTY. n. f. \_familiarit i , French ;
fro nj familia r. ]

1. Eafmefs of converfation ; omiffion of ce-
remony ; affability.

2. Acquaintance ; habitude.

We contraft at laft fuch an intimacy and /jm/-
liaiiiy with them, as m.ikes it difficult and irkfome
for us to call ofTour minds. Atteib.

3. Eafy intercourfe.

They fay any morials may enjoy the moll inli-
m-ifr.f.imiliariii,t with thefc gentle I'pirits. Pope.

To Famii.i ARl'zE. -v. a. [familiarifer, Vr.\.

1. To make familiar ; to make eafy by ha-
bitude; to make coinmon.

2. To bring down from aflate of diftant
fupcriority.

'ihe genius iinllcd upon me with a loik of com-
palTlon and afliibillty that ftmiliaei'^iid him to my
imagination, and at once JifpelleaJr fear and ap-
prchenlions. Addijan'i,Spellatcr.

F A M I 'l 1 A R I, Y . nd'v. [ fro m fainilmr, ]
I. Unceremonioufiy ; with freedom like
that of long acquaintance.

Bccaufc th.at \ familiarly fomctimcs

Dj ufe ;'oj for ray fool, andch.it with you.

Your lawcincfs will jell upon my love. Shahifp.

He talks as familiarly of John of fjaunt as it he

had been fworit brother to him; and I'll be fwtfrn

he never faw him but once iu the Tiltyajt*, and

then he bn.Ite his hcaj. fflake/p.

. Iht govcmuui came v> us^ and, after (tlutanoa:,

I faiii

F A M

{*ii /umiltarlj, that k< wu cxiine ta vlfit Ul« tiA
called for a chair aiid fat him down. Bacon.

X. Commonly ; frequently ; with the un-
concernedneft oreafiners of longcudom.
Lefler mi(H and fogs than thofe which covered
Greece with fo long darknefs, iofamilijriy pr«fcnt
our fenfes witji w great alterations in the fun and
moon. R»'tig/i's Hijti^y.

3, Eafily ; without folemnity ; without for-
mality.

r Horace ftiU charnu with (graceful negligence,
. And without method talks us intoCcnfe;

Will, like a friend, familinrly convey

The trued notions in the eaticft way. Pope.

tJMl'LLE. [tufamilU, French.] Li a fa-
mily way ; domeftically.

Deluded mortaU, whom the great
Chufc for companions tete-a-ietc\
Who at their dinners, en families
Get leave to fit whene'er you will. Sviift.

Fa'mily. n. /. S^familia, Latin; familU,
French.]

1. Thofe who live in the fame houfe; houfe-
hold.

The night made little imprelTian 00 myfelf : but I
cannot anfwer for my whole family; for my wife
prevailed on me to take fomewhat. Stvi/f.

2. Thofe that defcend from one common
progenitor; a race; a tribe ; a generation.

Ol Gcrflion wisthc/'am;'/>of the Libnites. Nuxii.

3. A courfe of defcenr ; a genealogy.

If thy .incicn/ but ignoble blood
Has crept through fcoundrels ever fincc the flood.
Go and cuinpiain thyjumi'/ji is young,
Nor own lliy lathers have been foolsfo long. Pope.

4. A clafs ; a tribe ; a fpetaes.

There be two grcaty;i/«7/« of things, fulphareous
and mercurial, infianiniable and not inflammable,
mature and crude, oily and watry. Bacon.

Wa'mi^z. It./, [/limine, Vrench ; /ames , La-
tin.] Scarcity of food.; dearth.; diftrefs
for want of viftuals.

Our caftle's ftrength
Will laugh a fiege to fuorn : here let them lie,
*T\\\/jmiKe and the ague eat them up. Sh.ikt/^.
Famines have not been of late obfervcd to be rate,
partly becaufe of the induftry of mankird, partly by
thofe fupplies that come by fea, but principally by
the goodnefs of God. ilak.

This city never felt a fiege before.
Silt from the lake rcceiv'd its daily Itore^
Which now Ihut up, and millions crowded here.
Famine will foon in multitudes appear. Dryden^

7» FA'.MISH. Tj. a. [from fama. Latin ;

famis, old French.]
1. To kill with hunger; to ftarve; to de-

ftroy by want of food.

What, did he marry me to famijh me? Sbah/f.

The pains oifamijh'd Tantalum heM feel,
And Sifyphus, that labours up the hill
The rowting rock in vain; and curll Ixion's wheel.

Dry den.

.2. To kill by deprivation or denial of ?ny
thing neceflary to life. Milton ufes it
with of.

Thin air
Above the clouds will pine his entrails grofs,
Anifamifi him 0/ breath if not p/'brcad. Milton.

yuFA'MiSH. nj. n. To die of hunger; to
fuffer extreme hunger.
You are all rcl'olvcd rather to die than \ofa"ifo.

Shairff.

Fa'mishment. w. /. [from /(7wj^.] The
pain of hunger; want of food.

Apicius, thou did*rt on thy gut bellow
Full ninety millions ( yet, when this was fpent.

Ten millions Hill remain'd to thee j which thou,
Fearing to fuffer thirft Wiifamijhment,
In poifonM portion drank'll. Haketvill on ProviJ.

FAMo'srrv. «./. [fiom/offieus.] Renown;
celebrity. JJ/a.

F A JT

V k'novi, aifj. [fameux, French; fame/us,
Latin.]

1. Renowed; celebrated; much talked of
and praifcd.

Henry the Fifth, too fanxm) to live long |
Englana ne'er loft a king otfo much worth, Shai.

There rofe up before Mofes two hundred and fifty
princes of the anembly, /.tmcvt in the congregatioji,
men of renown. Nuinb, xvi. 2.

She became fitm-ut among women ; tor they had
executed judgment upon her. Exjtii. xxiii. 10.

Pyreius was only fam»ua for counterfeiting all
bale things; as eartlicn piichers, a fcuUery, rogues
together by the ears, and fwine tumbling in the
mire; whereupon he waslurnamed Rupographus.

Peacham on Orawing.

I (hall be nam'd among the /aium/.Ji
Of women, fung atfolcnui feUivals. A^ilton^s A^on.

Many, befides myfelf, have heard our fan:(.us
Waller own, that he derived the harmony of his
numbers from the Codfiey of 'BuUoign, turned into
Englilh by Fairfax. DryJcx.

2, It has foraetimes a middle fignification,
and imports fame whether for good or ill.

Menecrates and Menas, famous pyrates.
Make tlie fea ferve them. S/t>aic/f>. Mnt. atid Cleofi.

Fa'mously. <7</ti. [from /nmous,] With
great renown ; with great celebration.

Then this land vt:\^faniaufiy enriched
With politick grave counfet ; then the king
Had virtuous uncles to protecl his grace. Sihairfp.

They looked on the particulars as things yj/«9/^/>
fpoken of and believed, and worthy to be recorded
and read. Cyeiv'i Ci>f.

Fa'mous.vess. «. /. \{tomfam(iHs.\ Cele-
brity.; great fame.
FAN. «./. \jvanuus, Latin.]

1. An isillrument ufed by ladies to move
the air and cool themfelves.

With fcarfs, inifans, and doublechange of brav'ry.
With amber bracelets, beads, with all this knav'ry.

Sbalceffcare

Flavia, the leafl and flighted Coy
Can with refiftlefs art employ ;
In other hands thtfan would prove
An engine of fmall jorce in love ;
But ihe, with fuch an air and mien.
Not to be told or fafely fecn,
Dire^s its wanton motions (o^
That it wounds more than Cupid's bow?
Gives coolnefs to the matchlcfs dame.
To every other bread a flame. Gay.

The modeftyj/i was lifted up no more>
And virgins fmii'd at what they blurti'd before. Pope,

2. Any thing fpread out like a woman's fan
into a triangle with a broad bafe.

As a peacock and crane were in company, the
peacock fpread his tail, and challenged the other to
fliew him fuch ayi« of feathers. L'EJirange,

3. The inftrument by which the chaff is
blown away when corn is winnowed.
[fan, French.]

Flaile, ftrawforkt and rake, with ifan that is
ftrong. liij/-

Alfes (halt eat clean provender, winnowed with
the Ihovel and with t\\tf.in, 1/ xxx. 24.

In the wind and tempelt of fortune's frown,
Diftiniftion, with a broad and powcrful_/<iK,
Puffing at all, winnows the light away. Sliakefp.

For the cleaning of corn is commonly uled cither
a wicker-/jn, or ifan with fails. Mortimer' t Hujh.

4. Any thing by which the air is moved ;
wings.

The pris'ner with a fpring from prifon broke ;
Then (Ireich'd his feaiher'dyuwi with all his might,
And to the neighb'ring maple wing'd his flight.

Dry den,

5. An inftrument to raife the fire.

Nature worketh in us all a love to our own coun-
fels; the contradi^ion of others is a ^an to inflame
that love. Hoolter ,

To Fan. f. a.

I. To cool or recreate with a fan.

She vtas/anntd iuto Humben by her lUvcs. S/eH,

F A K

z. To ventilate ; to affcft by air put in mo^

tion.

I.et every feeble humour (hake your hearts i
Your enemies, with nodding of their plumes,
f«» you into defpair, ^f>akeJJ>.CoritlaJlkt.

The Noi'weyan banntit ffout the tky,
Ani/an our people cold. Siahf, Matitth.

The air
Floats as they fiSi.fann'd with unnumber'd plumes :
From branch to branch the fmallcr birds with fong
Solac'J the woods, and fpread their painted wingi,
'Tillev'n. Miltui'tParadi/cLaJl.

TUt/mnme wind upon her bofom blowi^
To meet tbejanning wind the bofom rofe :
The Janning wind and puriing dreams continue her
repofe. Drjden'j Cymon and Iftigema.

Calm as the breath whichyjwi our callern groves^
And bright, as when thy eyes tirft lighted up out

. '""'• ,^ „ riryden.

And now his fliorter breath, with fultry air.
Pants on her neck, and/«r her parting hair. Pope,
3. Tofeparate, as by winnowing.

I have coUefled fome few, therein A/rw/W the
old, not omitting any. Bacon's Apotihthegm:,

Not fo the wicked; but as chafT, which, /j»»V.
The wind drives, fothe wicked Ihall not iland
Injudgment. y^,y,^„_

I-ana'ticism. 7,./ [from /anatick.] En-
thufiafm ; religious frenzy.

A church whofe doflrines are deriv::^ from the
clear fountains of the Scriptures, wliofe polity and
dilcipline are formed upon the moll uncorrupted
models of antiquity, which has ftood unlhakcn by
the mod furious affaiilts of popery on the one hand,
and_/a»ii//r(/'OT on the other ; has triumphed over alt
the arguments of its enemies, and has nothing now
to contend with but their flanders and calumnies.

-, . . Voters.

FANA'TICK. ai/J. {frftattcm, Latin ■, fa-
natique, Fr.] Lnthufiattick ; ftruck w'itk
a fuperilitious frenzy.

Ofiris, Ifis, Orus, and their train,
With mond'ious ihapes and forceries abus'd
Fanaiicli Egypt, andherpriefts, to feek
Their waad'ring gods difguis'd lu brutiih forms.

Miltn,

Fana'tick. a./, [from the adjeftive.] An
enthufiaft ; a man mad with wild notions
of religion.

The double armature of St. Peter is a more de-
ftruftive engine, than the tumultuary weapon fnatcht
up by ifanatick Decay ofPielj.

F A ' N CI F u L . aJj. [fancy and full. ]

1. Imaginative; rather guided by imagina-
tion than reafon : of perfons.

Some fanciful men have expeiiled nothing but
confulion and ruin from thofe very means, whereby
both that and this is mod efliedlually prevented.

H'ood^uard 's Natural Hijhry.

2. Diftated by the imagination, not the
reafon ; full of wild images : of things.

What treafures did he bury in his fumptuous
buildings ! and how foolilh unifanciful were they >

Hayu-ard.

It would (how as much (ingularity to deiiy this,
as it does 3 fanciful facility to affirm it. Garth.

FA'NCiFUtLY. <7i/T'. [from fanciful. '\ Ac-
cording to the wildnefs of imagination.

Fa'.ncifulness. »./ [{'TomfancifuL] Ad-
dition to the pleafures of^ imagination ;
habit of following fancy rather than rea-
fon.

Albcrtus Magnus, with fomewhat too much curio-
(ity, was fomewhat tranl'portcd with too much^ff-
cifulneft towards the influences of the heavenly mn.
tions, and adrological calculations. Hale.

FA'NCY. «. /. [contraft from phantn/y,
phantafta, Latin; (favTeriK. j It fhould
be phan/y.
I. Imagination ; the power by which the
mind forms to itfelf images and repre-

fentations

F A-N-i

rentation of things, perfons, or fceiies of
being.

STiakefpeare, fmcy': 'vcettll: child !
Warble his native wood-notes wild. Milton.

In the foul
'An many lefier faculties, that ferve
Reafon as chief: among ihckfa!:cy nert
Her office holds ; of all external things,
Which the tive watchful fenfes reprefcut.
She forms imaginations, airy Ihapcs,
Which itafon joining, or disjoining, frames
All what we affirm, or what deny, and call
Or Wnowledge, or opinion. Milion'sParadlftLrJi.

Though no evidence affcfts the /a;:i-j, fo Ilrongly
as that of fenfe, yet there is other evidence which
giTc as full fatisfaaion, and as dear a conTiflion to
eur reafon. Atttrbmj.

I^ve is \i^ fancy led about.
From hope to fear, from joy to doubt :

Whom we now a goddcfs call,
Divinely grjc'd in every feature.
Strait's a delorm'J, a perjur'd creature ;

Love and bate are fancy all. Granville.

2. An opinion bred rather by the imagina-
tion than the reafon.

Men's private faxcies muft give place to the
higher judgment of that chuich which is in autho-
»i!y over them. Hioier.

A pcrfon of a full and ample fortune, who was not
difturbed by iny fancies in religion. ClannJm

I have always hid i fancy, that learning might b;
made a play and recreation to children. Lotkc.

3. Talk ; idea ; conception of things.

The little ch.ipel called the Salutation is very neat,
and built with a fnxiyfjney. Addifon

4. Inoage; conception; thought.

Hr»v now, my lord, why dv you keep alone ;
Ot fotritrtyiar/c/ yout compani.Mn rijkii^,
Ufmg thofe thoughts which Ihould indeed have died
With them they think on ? Sbakcffiarc't Macbeth.

5. Inclination; Using ; fondnefs.

W\i fancy laycxtremely to travelling. L'Efiramge.

For you, lair Hermia, look you arm yourfclf,
To fit yoMrfanciet to your father's will :
Or clfe the law 01 .Athens yields you up
To death, or to a vow of fingle life. Sbahffeare.

A tefcmblance in humour or opinion, a fancy lor
the famebufiiicfs or divcrfion, is a groundof alfec.

iC "?" OL 1 c ■ r ^""

c. Jn !>hai(fpcarf jt fignifies love.

Tell me where lifuacy bred.

Or in the heart, or in the head ?

Ilowbegor, iww nouridied?

It is engender'd in the ryes,

Wjih gazing fed, ini fancy dies

Inthe cradle whereit lies. ^bjk.ff.Mfrcl>.of yen.

7. Caprice; hiunour; whim.
True worth Ihall gain me, that it may be faid

^''i!"' ."•"/"'O'. once a woman led. DryJen

-J^k'I "k"' ^J'P'j'T » good correfpondence
•ith the Jacobites towards the head of the Nile, for
fear they ihouU take a fancy to turn the courfV. of
that river. »,. ,,

ejn«thatwa.jutlentring upon a long journev,
took up 1 fancy of putting a trick, upon Mercury. '

8. Falfe notion. ""*''

The altering of the fcent, coloitr, or t.ifte of
irmi, iyin.uhus, mixing, or cutting into the bark
or root of .the ir«:, herb, r, fl„„„, 3, coloured,
ajtomatical, or medicinal fubilaiice, are bur/,;,a„ ■
«be caufe ... for that ihofe thing, have panel their
|«.oJ. and nourifi, not. BacX', Natural Hij"'

$. Something that picafe, or entertains
Mtthout real ufc or value,
tondon-pride ii , ptetij/^y) for bordert.
ir„ 1? . / „ , „ r r . Mortimer

^etA ijcy. a..». ffrom the noun. 1 To
imagine ; to bcLcve without bei»« able
to prove, ^

AU are not always bound to hate and puniOi the
lr« enemies of leiigion, much lefs any whom they
r-ay/„0',obcfo: all are ajway, obliged .0 lovl
Its UU! fr^ndl, and to pay iot its iery criemic,

S.-rutn Strmciu.

FAN

V°^'. '"';'"'' *"* """^he.? n" f'rther than fimilel

FAN

- — - .W..V....U .IV i«(iiicr man limiie

and metaphor, w: mha fancy than know, and are
not yet penetrated into the inlide and reality of the
thing; but content oarfclvei with what our imagi-
nations funiilh us with. Locke.
To F.^'nCY. -u. a,

1. To portray in the mind; to image to
himfeJf ; to imagine.

But he whofc noble genius is allow'd.
Who With ftretch'd pinions foars above the crowd ;
Who mighty thought can clothe with manly drefs.
"'"■''',''.'? ' J"'0> but can ne 'er exprefs. Dryden

2. To hke ; to be pleafed with.

Ninus both admiring her judgment and valour,
together with her perfon and external beauty, fan-
"'diitv h (Irongl,, as, negleaing all princely re-
fpecls, he took her from her hutband. Raleigh

It IS a little hard that the queen cannot demolilh
this towu m whatever manner Ihe pleafetli to fancy.

tA NCYMONtSER. »./. [from/^/zy..] One
who deals in tricks ofimagination.

There is a man haunts the &eft, that abufes
our young plants with carving Rofalind on their
harks ; hangs odes upon hawtl.orns, and tiegics on
brambles i a*l, loriooth, deifying the nan..- of Rofa-
lind. II I could meet thatyiirrv«o«rp«-, 1 would
give him fome gjod counfel ; for lieYcems to have the
quotidiaoofldve upon him. Sbake/p

Fancysick adj. [fo„cj inA fki ] One
whofe imagination is unfaund ; one whofc
diftemper is in his o.vn min \

' Tis not neceffity, but opiaion, that makes men
miferable ; and when we com,: to U fancy lick, there's
no cure. ■" r< va

fAND ioifmiiJ. It is retained ia Scot-
land.

This when as true by tryal he o\xl fand.
He bade to open wide his braien gate. Si<«fir

bANE. n.f. [fa„e, ¥:tn<:h; fmwm, Latin.]
A temple ; a place confecrated to religion,
A poetical word.

Hot fane nor capitol.
The prayers ol priefts, nor times of facrifice,
tmbarmenis all of fury, (hall lift up

r°i'i7?."f L '''""'S' ' Hbakcffeare'tCori^lanus.

t^ Id Lalibe, who kept the latci fane
Oijuno, nowlhefeem'd. Drjdcn's yEn.

Vet lome tafanet repair'd, and humble rites
Fertorro'd to Thor and Woden, fabled gods,
W ho w.tli their vot 'ries in one ruin lliar'd . Philips.

A he I cd fane in Egypt's fruitful lands.
Hewn from the Thebaii mountain's rocky womb.

Tk .: , , Tickrli.

I he belJs are ravilh'd from the indullrious fwains,
trom men their cities, and from gods their/a«M.

FJ'NFARON. n.f. [French, from the Spa-
nilh. Originally in Arabick it lignifies
one who pro.^lifcs what he cannot per-
form. Menage.]

1. A bully; a heftor.

Virgil makes /Kneas a bold avower of his own
virtues, which, 11, the civility of our poets, is tlic
chai.i,*_ter of ifunfaron or heflor. Dryden

2. A blufterer; a boailer of more than he
can perform.

There ist faxfarom in the trials of wit too, as
well as in feats of arms; and none f» forward to
engage in argument or difc-ourfe as thole that arc
Icait able 10 go through with it. L'EJlramc

Ifrench. j A bluftcr ; a tumour ot fifti-
tious dignity.

The hil'wj opicd this proceeding from thi fanfa-
ronade ol Montieur Bouffleuj-s. H-wft.

To FANCJ. -v. a. [pngan, Saxon ; ■vangen,
Dutch.] To fcize ;. to gripe ; to clutch.
To -vang is yet ufed in Devonfhire.
l>c(lructi«ny.i«g mankind ! Shakcfiu Timon.

fAKo. n.f. [from the verb.]

I. The Ibng tulks of a boar or other ani-

mal by which the prey is feized and heldf ,

any thing like 'em.
Here feel we but the penalty of Adam,

The feafon's difference; as tlie icy fang,
Aiid chuil.m chiding of the Wiutei's wind ;
Wr Inch, when it bites and blows upon my body,
tv n 'till I (hrink with cold, I fmile and fay
1 h.s IS no flattery. Shakeff. As you like If,

Some creatures have overloiig or outgrowing teeth,
which Kc call /,^^r or tulks; as boars, pikes, f..U
mons, and dogs, though lefs. Bacon'sNatKralH,Jt.

Prepar'd to fly.
The h\t\fang drove deep within his thigh.
And cut the nerves : the nerves no more fuftala
Ihe bulk; the bulk unprop'd, falls headlong on th«

1 hen charge, provoke the lion to the rage
*J'f'"'gi and daws, and, (looping from your horfe,
Rpvel the panting favage to the ground. , Addifn,

2. The n.iils; the talons.

3. Any (lioot or other thing by which hold
:s taken.

The protuberant /r»gr of the -mca are to be
tre.,ted like the tubcrofes. Evelyn's KalenJar.

VK^Giv>.c,dj. lixomfang.] Furnifhed wilh
fangs or long teeth ; fumilhed with any
inft.-uments of deftruftion. which can Le
exercifcd in imitation of fangs.

My two fchoolfellows.
Whom I will irurt as I will aJdcrs/a»^'tf',

«>' «" I'l'-' mandate. HbaLf peart' s Hamht.

«, l" L 'i'^","'"'' "'"■ ^"'■^ Dacians, onward rulli
With hall the Ipeed, nor half fo fwift retreat •
In chariots,/,/,^',/ with Icytbes, chey fcour the field-
Unve through ourwtdg'd battalions with a whirl,

PAfMr-'V '^'■'•""'"' '""■'^'^ °n '■'<: P'^i". Philips.

tAJNGi.E. »./. [from jrenjaii, Saxon, to
attempt Slcivmr.] Silly attempt ; trifling
fcheme. It is never ufed, or rarely, but
m contempt with the epithet wi*,',- as,
«fw /angles, mnu fangknefi.

Fa'kcled. adj. [ixom f angle.] This word
ftems to (ignify gawdv ; ridiculoufly
Ihewy ; vainly decorated : neiu fanglcd,.
IS therefore new-falhioned; dreffed out
in new decorations.

Quick wits be in delirc ntvi fangled, and in pur-
pofe unconltant. AfcLm.

A book ! oh, rare one!
Be not, as in this /jng/,,/, world, a garment
Nobler than tlut it covers. Shaltfpearc's Cimhiline.

I'ANGLESs. adj. {hovafavgS^ Tobthlefs;-
without teeth.

The king hath wafted all his rods
On late offenders, that he now doth lack
The very iiillrumcnt of chaltifement;
So that his pow'r, like to i fungi tfs lion,
Mayoftcr, bu^ nor hold. -S/jakefpcare's Henry W.

I'A NGor. «./. A quantity of wares : aa
raw filk, &c. containing iVoni one to two.
hundred weight three quarters. Av?..

Fa'nnel. ».y. [famrt, French.] A fort
of ornament like a fcarf, worn about ther
left arm of a mafs-prieft when he offi-

„ ^'^^"- Dia.

Ha nner. «./ [from/r?».J One that plaws
a fan. "

I will fend unto Babylon /.in«rj thai (hall fan her.
X? I ,. .-^ JircniiaL.

tA jiTASiBD. aa^. [from /<7a/<7^v.] Filled
with fancies or imaginatn;ns. '

As I traveirj hither th.ough ih. land,
1 found the people llranseiy>„,^y„^. Shakefh,

Fa'.vtasm. „./. [.See Ph ,ntasm.] A
thing not real, but appearing to the ima-
g" nation,

Fanta'stIcal. "1 «,//. [ fantaJii^iie,Vtsnch ;,

Santa's TICK. J horn fan tn/y.]

I. Irrational ; bred only in the iiiiagination.
The deiijhi that a aian takes from laoiher's fin.

■ PAN

c«i be BstViiig elfc but 3. faniajikil, «wtem»hirjl
complicency, arifmg from thit wbith he rciilljr has
no feeling of. • Somh.

t. Snbfifting only in the fancy; imaginary.
P-.dfent fcati
Arc Icfs than horrible imaginir.gs :
My thought, whofe murthcr yet is \>ut/anla/li\;if.
Shakes fo my finglc ftiteof man, that funAion
IsfmotherM infurmilci and nothing is.
But what is not. Hhakeffiarr's Macbeth.

Men are fo poffeffed with their owa fa«cies, that
^cy talce them for oracles ; and ^re arrived to fome
extraordinary rweUtioni of trath, when indeed they
do but dream dreams, and amufc themfelvcs with
itit famaftick ideas of a bufy imagination.

Dccayof Piety.

3. Unreal ; apparent only ; having the na-
ture of phantoms which only afTume vifi-
blc forms occafionally.

Arc yc faxtajlical, or that indeed
Which outwardly ye (hew? Shalefp. Aljcirth.

4. Uncertain; unfteady ; irregular.

Nor happincl; can I, nar mifery feel,
Vrom .tiiy turn of heryij«/<j/?/V'i wliecl. Prior.

3. Whimfical ; fanciful ; capricious ; hu-
mourous J indulgent of one's own ima-
gination.

They put fuch words in the mouths of one of tiicfe
fantafiical mind-infeded people, that children and
muficians call lovers. Sidny.

I'll knit it up in filken ftring<r,
With twenty odd conceited true love knots :
To ie fantajlick, may become .i youth
Of gre.iter time than 1. Shakcff. T-wo Gent. ofVer.
Duumvir is provided with an imperious, expenUve,
vtii faHtaJlick miHicfs; to whom he retires from
the converfalion of a difcreet and affedlionate wife.

Taller.

We are apt to think your medallifts a littlc^jw-

tajlicat in the diiFcrcnt prices they fet upon their

coins, witliout any regard to the metal of which

they are compofed* AHJifcn.

Fanta'stically. ndv. [from /aatafika/.]

I. By the power of imagination.

1. Capricioiifty : huinouroufly ; unfteadjjy.

England is fo idly king'd.
Her fceptre fo funtafi'ically bornCj
By a vain, giddy, (liallow, humourous youthj
That fear attends her not. Hhakcf^cure' i HenryV .

2, Whimfically ; in compliance with imagi-
nation.

One cannot fo much nfantetfiically chufc, even

or odd, he thinks not why. Grevj^i Ctfmol.

FAt.TA'£TICALN ESS. J n.f, [ffOm /aH/rt///-

Fanta'sticknkss. J cal.\

1. HumouroufneA J mere compliance wi.th
fancV.

2. VVhimficalncfs ; unrcafonablenefs.

\ d.ire not alTumc to m.felf to hiv; put him out bf

Conceit with it, by having convinced himof \\\zjun-

' taJUcahf/i of it. lUkt/an, i'ref.

3. Caprice ; unfteadinefs.
FA'NTA^Y. //./. [/<7///^rV, French ; /W-

tafin, I^atin ; <J>«>Tao-i'«.J
I. Fancy ; imagination ; the power of ima-
gining. See F NCY.

How now, Horatio? you Irepible and look pale !
Is not this fomcthing more iWinfantafyV Shukefp.

I talk of dreams.
Which arc the children of an idle braini
Begot of noihing but vain funtafy ;
Which is as thin of fubftance as the air.
And more unconrtant than the wind. Sbale/p.

He is fuperllitious grown of late.
Quite from the main opinion he held once
Otfanlafy, of dreams, and ceicmunies. Staie/p.

Go you, and where you find a maid, *
That ei'e (he ll^;p hath thrice her prayers faid,
Rein up the organs of her Ja»/afy,
Sleejp Ihe as found as carclcfs infancy. Shaktfpiare.

"niefc fpirils of fenfe, in fanlafy't high court,
Judge of the lorms of objects, ill or well ;

And fo ihcy fend a good or ill report
any^a V> the heart, where all aH'cCUoUD dwell . Djivu s.

FAR

By the Jicifrcr of fanlafy «e fee colotir'j in a
dream, or a mad man lees things beiorc him which
are not there. NexxHttr:.

z. Idea; image of the mind.

And with the fug'ry fweet thereof allure,
Challc ladies ears v>fantajiet impure. Huhberi.

3. Humour, inclination.

I would wilh th;it both you and othors would ceafe
from dra^ring the Scriptures to your /.inuJLs and
affcdioos. . ff^'iiig.

Fa'ntom. «./. [Sec Phantom.] Some-
thing not real, out appearing to the ima-
gination.

Fa p. oiii. Fuddled; drunk. It feems to
have Deen a cant word in rhe ump of
Shake/ pcare .

The gentleman had drunk himfclf out of hisjfive
fenfes ; and being f,tp. Sir, was, as they fay,
cilliiered. Sbakcfp.

FAR. atl'v. [peon, Saxon ; fntt, Erfe.]

1 . To great extent in length.

Pay Taci'cd revVencc to Apollo's fon^
Left wrathful the yar-lliooting god emit.
His fatal arrows. Prior.

2. To a great extent every way. This is
lefs proper.

Vaft and great
Is what 1 love; tJie /ir extended ocean
To a litlc riv'let 1 prefer. Prior.

With coltly cates Rome ftain'd her frugal board;
Then wilh ill-gotten gold (he bought a lord :
Corruption, difcord, luxury conibin'd,
Dau:n funk theyi/r-fam'd milirefs of mankind.

Arbuthnot.

■From the fame lineage ftern /Extes came,
Thcyjr-lam'd brothcrof th'enchantrefs dame.Pi/f.

3. To a great diftance progreffively.

Be fatlious for redrefs of all thefe griefs,
And I will fet this foot of mine xfar
As who goes tirthell. Sbakcfp. "Juliui Cecfar.

Is \ifar you ride ?
— .\>Jisr, my lord, as will fill up the tim«
'Twixt ttis *nd fupper. Shjkefp. Macbeth.

Par from that hated face the Trojans fly ;
All but thi fool wlio ibughtiiis delliiiy. Dryden.

4. Remotely ; at a great diftnnce.

He meant to travel into fur countries, until his
friends arteflion cither ceafcd or prevailed i^idncy.

In a kingdom rightly ordered, after a law is once
publilhed, itprefently takes eft"eft_/i/r and wide; all
rtates framing themfelves thereunto. Hooker.

And after that long ftrayed here and there.
Through every field and foreftyiir and near. Hubb,

Far be it from me to julliiy the cruelties ufed to-
wards (hem, wiiicli had their reward fbori a.ter.

Hacon^i Holy l^ur.

He fent light horfemen iutoMcfopotatHia with a
guide, becaule.thc couutry was unto him bed known ;
following noifjr after himfelf with all his army.

KpioIUs.

And yet the liglits which in my tower do (hine.
Mine eyes, which view all objedb ni-^h and^r.
Look not.inlo this little world of mine. Dainet.

God ha(h bid dwcliyirr otf all anxious cares.
And not molell us; unlcis weourfelvcs
Seek thtm with wand'ring thoughts, aivl notions
vain. Miltofi.

I h.rve been hunting np and down, ^jr and near,
(ince your unhappy indi/pofitiony to find out a re-
medy. L*Ejlrange.

The nationsyiir and near contend in choice.
And lend (he flaw'i of war bypublick voice. Dryden.

The painted lizard and (he birds of prey,
Foes of the frugal kind, \x-far away. Dryden's Virg.

But from the reading ot my book and me,
^eftr, ye foes of virtuous poetry !
Wild fortune's fault upon the poor can throw.
Point at the tatter'd coat and ragged fhoe. Dryden.

Far otf you view them with a longing eye
Upon the topmoft branch. Dryden.

Thefe words arc fo far from eftablilhing any do-
minion, that we find quiic the cmlrary. l.acke.

'Till on the Po his blalted corpfe was hurl'd,
F,ir liom his couiAry in lUc wsftern world. Add'/.
J. To a diftance.

r A R

At Jbr as the Eaft is fra« the Weft, fo fjr\\»\)i
he removed our tranfgrefTions from him. Pf. cuu iz.

Neither did thofe thet were fent, and tratciied
fat off, undertake fo diflicuU enlcrprifes widifiht a
condudtor. R.i/r<g*.

But all in vain I which when he faw, he ceat'd
Conteniirg, and rem;>v'd his lcnt_/ir off. Millar;.

I had always a curiofity to look back iuio (he

fources of things, and view in my mind, io far as I

was able, the beginning and progtclj of a riling wcrld.

Burirel't Tlteary,

A lion's hide around his lojos he wore ; >

The well poiz'd javelin to the field he bore,
liiur'd to blood ; thenar dettroyjng dart.
And the bell weapon, an undaunted beart. Addifon.

6. In a great part.

When they were by Jebus the day viisfar laent.

j^idves»

7. In a great proportion ; by many degrees.
It is commonly ufed with fome word
noting the comparative, but Dryden has
ufed it abfolutely.

VVlio can find a viituous woman? for her price w
yir above rubies. Prvf . -au. 10.

iiuch a communication paffeth^jr better through
the' water than air. Bacon* s Natural hifl^ry^

Thofe countries have ^jr greater rivers, ■Ami /ar
hijher mountains to pour down waters, ihon anv part
ol the old world. jlactr..

The face of war.
In ancient time^ doth differ^r
From what our riery battles are. ff'a/ler^

Of negatives we hivifar the leaft certainty, and
they ate ulually hardcit, and many ^mes impolfible
to be proved. Tillotfun.

Latin is a more fuccjnfl language than the lt'a>>
lian, Spanilh, French, or even than the Englilh,
whichj by reafon of its mouolyllables, 'n far the
molt compendious of them. Dryjen,

The field is Ipacious 1 dcfign to fow.
With cxcn far unfit to draw the plough. Drydeit^

Belides, he's lovely yir above the rclt.
With you immortal, and with beauty blclf. Pope,

Ah ! hope not yet to bicathe thy native air;
Far other journey fiiit deittands tjiy care. Pope,
t', 'I'o a great height ; magnificently. This
is perhaps only in Hhakeffcai e.

1 do not think
So fair an outward, and fuch tlufT within.
Endows a njan but him.

Vou Ipeak himy^r.

1 don't extend him. Sir. Sbakefp. Cimlcline,

9. To a certain point ; to a certain degree.

The fubllance or the fcrvicc of Cod, -^o fur for(h
as jt hath in it any thing more than the law *>t*
i-ealbn doth teach, may not be invented of men,
as It is ami-n^ll the heathen; but mull be received
itaax God himfelf. Hookir,

Aiif.'.er them

Howyijr forth you do like their articles. Sbjkeftt,

No( to refolvc, is to relblve ; and many times it
breeds as many neeeirities, and cngagcth afar in
fome other fort, as to rcfulve. Bacon.

Of thjs I need not many words to declare how
far it is from being fo much as any part of lepent-
ancc. Hammond,

My difcoui'fe is (o fur from being equivalent 10-
the pofit on he mentions, that it is a perfect outra'
diction to it. "Tillotfm.

The cuilom of thefe tongues iomeiimes fo^ar in-
Hucnccs the expredions, that in tliclc epiftles one
njay obfcrvc the force of the Hebrew conjug;i(ions.
f^mie on St. Paul's Epifllcl.

10. Far qJ'; at a great diftance. .

For thot.^h I ficd him angiy, yet recall *d
I'o lifcproiong*d, and ['lomii'd race, I now
C/Iadlyochold, though but his ntmod (kins
Of glory, andyjr <jy his llcps adorq. Milloaj;

11. F.\R<!^ To a great tjiftaoce.

Cherubic watch, and of a fvvurd (he flame
Wide-waving, all approach y.'ir off \o fright.
And guard all palTage to the tree of life. Milton,

12. 0^'is joined with /«r, when _/fl)- noting
diftance, is not followed by a piepoii-
tion : as, I Jet the boat far oW,I/et the boat
far from ine,

I 3. Far

TAR

'^ Fa* It often ufed in corapoCtion i

81,

-fa rfhaoUiig, farfecing .
FaR-Fe'tCH. ;/,/. {fry-vadifetch.l Adccp

ftratagem, A ludicrous word.

But Jefuits have deeper reaches.
In all iheir ^\a\t\ifarfetchc!\
And from ihcir Copticic prieft, KircheruJi
Found out this mjiVick way to jeer us. Hudl&rdi.

FAR-FtTCHED. adj. \ far znd fftci.}

I. Brought from places remote.

Of thefe things others quickly will difpofe.
Whore pains have earn'd ihe/jrjetci'ilfpoW. ASltom

By his command ne boldly crofs'd the line,
And bravely fought where fouthern lUrs arife;
We trac'd liie/arfttch'd gold into the mine.
And tliat which brib'il our fathers made our prize.

DryJix.

t. Studionfly foDght ; elaborately ftrained ;

not eafily or naturally introduced.

York, with all hisjl:r/ctci'j policy. Sbakefp,

VaTfur.Jctcbed rhymes make puzzled angels ftrain.

And inlow pTofeduIl Lucifer complain. Smith.

Under this heai we may raak ihofc words which

Cgnify different ideas by a fort of an unaccountable

farfeuhed analogy, or diflant refamblance, that fancy

has Introduced ben.veen on« thing and another; as

when we fay, the meat is green when it is half

loaded. H'atti.

Far-piercin-c. adj. [far and fierce.]

Suiking, or penetrating a great way.

Atlas, her lire, to vihok/arfiercing eye
The wonders of the deep expanded lie ;
Th' eternal columns which on earth he rears,
End in the Ihrry vault and prop the fphercs. Pof>e.

Far-shooting, adj. [/anai/boot.] Shoot-
ing to a great diftance.

Thenlouii he call'djEneas thrice by name;
TTie loud repeated voice to glad ^nc« came;
Great /ore he faid, and thcyjr/iM)ri>^ god,
In.'pirc thy miadio make th;r cbalienge guod. Dryd.

Far, adj.

I. Diftant ; remote.

A man taking j^ar journey. Mark,

But wc mud beg our bread in climes unknown,

beneath the fcorchingot the freezing zone;

And fooie to fjr Oaiis ihall be fold.

To try the L)bian heat, or Scythian cold. Drydcn.

3. It was formerly ufed not only as an ad-
verb but un adjeftive, with off.

Thefe things feem fmall and undittinguirtiable,
Like/jr 0^ mountains turned into clouds. Sbjkr/p.

Il we may b-liold in any creature any one fpark
•f that eternal nre, or any/»r o^ dawning of God's
glorious btigUlnefs, the fame in the beauty, motion,
and virtue of this light may be perceived. Rji-iih.

J. From Fak. In this fenfe it is ufed d-
liptically for afar, or remote place.

The Lordlhall bring a nation againft thee/rom
Jl/r, from the end of the earth. Drul. inii. 49.

4. Remoter of the two; in horfemandiip,
the right fide of the horfe, which the rider
turns from him when he mounts.

No true Egyptian ever knew in horfes
The/jr fide from the near. Vrydtn'i CUoaexex.

J. It is often not eafy to diftinguilh whe-
ther it be adjeftive or adverb ; as.

The nations yir and nearccntet'd in choice.
_ Drydrn.

J-ar. «./. [contraacd from/jrr<nt;.] The
offspring of a fow ; young pigs.

Sows, ready to farrow at this lime of the year.
Arc for to be made of and counted full dear;
For now is the lofs of ihc/jrof the fow
More great tlian the lofs of two calves of the cow.

f •- '^"Jt'

To Farce, v. a. [farcJe, Lat'

French.]
I. To fluff; to fill with mingled ingt^di-

in ; farcir.

VVreOIing l« > pamme which either the Cornini-
Ben dcnred frca Cariaeuj, their firft pretended
Vol.. J.

FAR

founder, or it Icaft it miniftrcj fome ftulF to the
yirw;^ of that fable. Carciv.

The firll principles of Chriflian religion (hould
not be/arctd witlj ichool points and private tenets.

Hf. Sandtrfon.
i. To extend ; to fwell out.

'Tisnot the balm, the fceptre, and the ball,
The fword, the mace, the ciown imperial,
The entcrlilTu'd robe of gold and pearl,
Thcyrfiff^/ title running 'lore the kir,g. Shaiefp,

Farce, n. f. [from the verb; or from
farcer, French, to raock.] A dramatick
reprefentation written without regularity,
and (luffed with wild and ludicrous con-
ceits.

There is yet a lower (brt of poetry and painting,
tohich is out of nature; for t farce ts that in poetry
which grotefcjue is in a piifture: the perfons and
adtions of a f.irce are all unnatural, and the man-
ners falfe ; that is, inconfilient w ith the clurafteis
of mankind: grotef^ue painting is the juit refem-
blance of this. Drydrn': Dtfrfnoy.

What (hould be great, you turn w farce. frior.

They objeil againft it -as a farce, becaufe the
irregularity of the plot (hould ani'wer to the extra, j-
gance of the charafleni, which they fay this piece
wants, and therefore is nn farce. Cay.

Fa'rcical. adj. [fromyaw.] Belonging
to a farce ; appropriated to a farce.

They deny the charatiers to \x fariical, becaufe
they are actually in nature. Gay.

Fa'rcy. n. f. [farciita, Italian; farcin,
French.] The leprofy of horfes. It is
probably curable by antimony. .
Fa'rdel. n.f. [fardello.ltzWin; fardcau,
French.] A bundle ; a little pack.

Let us to the king: there is that in thh fardii
will make him fcratch his beard. Sbakrfpeare.

Who vouM fardeli bear.
To groan and fweat under a weary life? Siakef.

To FARE. -v. ». [papan, Saxon; •varex,
Dutch.]

1. To go ; to pafs ; to travel.

At lad, refolving forward ftillto/rrr.
Until <he bluft'ring dorm i, overblown. Fairy Qu.

Hisfpirits pure were fubje£l to outfight,
Like to a man in (hew and (hape ha fared. Fairfax.

So on hc_/iri-,, and to the border comes
O'tdcn. Milton' , Paradife Loft-.

_ Sadly lhey//rV along the fea-beat (hore j
Otill heav'd their hearts. Pope.

2. To be in any ftate good or bad.
So bids ihce well to/j« thy nether friend.

Fairy Queen.

A dubbom heart tniWfare evil at the lad. Ecclef.

WcU/arr the hand, which to our humble (ight
PsefeotJ that beauty. H'aller.

So in this throng bright SacharilTa/ar V,
Opfrels'd by thofe who drove to be her guard :
As (1-ips, though never fo obfequious, fall
Foul in a (cmp;;l on their admiral. fValler.

So/»»« the dag among th' enraged hounds ;
Repels their force, and wounds returns foe wounds.

Vawam.

But at a barqne', that, in fou! weather,
Tofs'd by two advcrfe winds together.
Is bruii'd and beaten to and fro.
And knows not which to turn him to;
Sofir'dihe knight between two foes.
And knew n^t which of ihcra t' oppofe

I f you do as 1 do, you. may fare as 1

Httdihras.
ay fart as \fare,

L'Ejlrange.
Thus/arcx the queen, and thu» her fury blows
Amidftuhc crowd. Dryden't^n.

Hnglilh miiiiders nevtr fare fo well ai in a time
of war with a foreign power, which diverts the pri-
vate (euds and aniiiiolitics of the nation. AddijM.
Some are comforted that it will be a common
calamity, anrf they (hallyiireno worfe than their
iicijhhour,. S-wift.

• 'i"o proceed in any train of confequeaces
good or bad.

'V\\<i\tfareib when too Jnucli defire of contra-
diaioi, .cauleth oar i>set;he» (.tlicr to fait b/ nimber
thag to lUy for weijht. Hatiktr.

FAR

So/ic« it when with truth falfehood contends;

Milton.

4. To happen to any one well or ill : with
// preceding in an imperfonal form.

When the hand finds itfelf wdl warmed and co-
vered, let it rcfufe the trouble of feeding the mouth,
or guarding the head, 'till the body be darved or
killed, and then we (hall fee how it w'li] fare with
thehand. South.

5. To feed ; to eat; to be entertained witli
food.

The rich man_/ji(-i/fumptuoully everyday. Luke.
Kead your ears with the mufick awhile, if they
vtiUfare fo harlhly as on the trumpet's found.

Shakfpcarr'sTimoit,

Men think they h^vc fired hardly, if, in times

of extremity, they have dcfccnded fo low as to eat

dogs; bdt Galen delivereih, that, young, fat, and

gelded, they were the food of many nations.

I/roivn's yulgar Errourt,

Fare. n.f. [from the verb.]

1. Price of paflage in a vehicle by land or
by water. Ufed only of that which i$
paid for the perfou, not the eoods.

He found a (hip going to Tarftnlh ; fo he pa'd '
the_/are thereof, and went down into it to go vA\h.
them unto Tarfhilh. jo„.

He palTage begs with unregarded pray'r.
And wants two farthings to difchargc h'isfjre. Dryd.

2. Food prepared for the table; provifions.

But come, fo^vell refrelh'J, now let us play,
A» meet is, after fuch deliciousyir<r. Miltoit.

But when the weftern winds with vital pow'r
Call forth the tender grafs and budding flow'r.
Then, at the lad, produce in open air
Both Hocks, and fend them to their furamer's/iw. "

„.,..., DrydeA.

This IS what nature's want may well fufficc;
He that would more is covetous, not wife:
Butfince among mankind fo few there are.
Who will conform to philofophicky^ie,
This much I will indulge thee for thy eafe.
And mingle fomcthingof our times topleafe. Dryd.

Upon his riling up he ordered the pealant to fet
befijre him whatever food he hid in his houfc : the. ^
peafant brought out a great deal of coarli /»-<•, of
which the emperor cat very heai lily. Addifon:

Farewe'll. ad-v. ['] his word is originally
the imperative of" the verb farexvell, or ;
fare you tuell; fisfelix, alii in bonum remt
or bene fit tihi; but in time ufe familiar-
ifed it to an adverb, and it is ufed both by
thofe who go and thofe who are left.]

1. The parting compliment.; adieu.
Butyjrf •!«//, kin£; (ith thus thou will appear.

Freedom lives hence, and binilhment is heie. Shak. •

Whether wc (hall meet again, 1 know not.
There fore our evcrladingy^iri-uv // take ;
For ever, and for ttnt^Jaretvcll, CalCuj. Shakefiu

Be not amazed, call ail your feofcs to you; de-
fend yjur reputaliou, or biU fureuell to your good
life forever. Sbaktfpeare. '

An iron (lumber (huts my fwlmmingeyes;
And navrfarrweU, involv'd in (hades of night,
tor ever 1 am ravilh'd from thy fight. Dryden.

I'arevMJI, {.•■y% he; the parting found fcarce fell
from his faint lips, but (lie replied yjr<7tW/. Dryil. '

O t]ucen,_/jrtTtT/// be (bll polTeft
Of dear remembrance, bleflTiiig dill and bleft! Pope.

2. It is fometimcs ufed only as an expreffioa
of fcparation witlioutkindncfs.

Farewell the jeir, which thrcateu'd fo
Tlic faired light the world can fhnw. ff'aUer. '

Tre.'.ding the path to nobler ends,
A tongfaretijc/l to love I gave ;

Refolv'd my country and my friends
All that rcmain'd of mc (hould have. IfaUer.

5. Its original verbal meaning is prefervcJ •
when it is ufed pluraljy.

Farewell, madcr Silence: I will not ufe many
words with you; fare you tvell, gentlemen, both.

Sbakefpeare'i Henry IV,

Farewe'll. tt.f.

1- Leave; aft of departure.

FA R

Set how the mornirf opes her goUen ptes,'
Aixi nke« hcr/jreiae/l of the glorious fun. Sbai.

I f chmce the radiant fun Wnh /•irrwtlt fweet,
ExienS his ev'ning beam, the tieUs revive,
The birds their notes renew, and bleating herds
Atteft their joy, that hill and valley ring. Milton.

As in this grove I took my \iHfarnvell,
As on this very fpot of earth 1 fell. DryJrit.

Before I take my /arnve/l of this fubjeO, I (hall
advife the author for the futuie to fpeak his meaning
mote plainly. Adijfon.

2. It IS fometitnes ufed as an adjeftive ;
leave-taking.

Several ingenious writen, who have takeii their
leave of the publick in farctvell papers, will not
five over fo, but intend to appear again j though
perhaps under another form, and with a difftrent
title. SpeHalor.

f ARIna'ceous. adj. [from yrtw/a, Latin.]
Wealy; tailing like meal or flower of corn.

The propereft food of the vegetable kingdom for
mankind is taken from the farinaceous or mealy
feeds of fome culmiferous plants ; as oats, barley,
wheat, rice, rye, maize, panick, and millet.

Arbuibnot on Alimenli.

FARM. »./. [ffrme, French ; Feopm, pro-
vifion, Saxon.]

X. Ground let to a tenant; ground culti-
vated by another man upon condition of
paying part of the profit to the owner or
landlord.

Touching their particular complaint for reducing
lands tni farms to the.r ancient rents, it could not
be done without a parliament. Hajrwaril.

2. The ftate of lands let out to the culture
of tenants.

The lords of land in Ireland do not ufe to fet out
their land in farm, for term •f years, to their te«
Hants; but only from year to year, and fome during
fleafure. Sfcnfer on Ltland.

It is great wilfulnefs in landlords to make any
longeryiirOTj unto their tenants. Sftnfn.

{Te Farm. v. a. [from the noun.]

1. To let out to tenants at a certain rent.

We are enforc'd to farm our royal realm.
The revenue whereof (hall furnifli us
For our affairs in hand. Shakcfftare't Richard 11.

2. To take at a certain rate.

They received of the bankers fcant twenty (hil-
lings for thirty, which the Earl of ComwaliyirM^^
of the king. Otmden's Remains.

3. To cultivate land.

Fa'rmer. »./. [/frwtfr, French ; or from
farm,'\

1. One who cultivates hired ground.

Thou haft feen a farmtr'i dog bark at a beggar,
knd the creature run from the cur: there thou
might'ft behold the great imaje of authority ; a
dog's obeyed in office. Sbakeffeare.

2. One who cultivates ground, whether
his own or another's.

Nothing is of greater prejudice to iht famitr thtn
the llocjcing of hi> land with cattle larger than it
will bear. Moriimtr't Hii/bandry

Fa'^most. »./. [fuperlativeofyir.] Moft

didant; remotcft.

A fpacious cave, within its^fwo^part.
Was hew'd and fartiion'd by laborious art,
Through the hill's hollow fides. Drydm't Mn.

Fa'rness. »./. [from/ar.] Diftance; rc-
motenefs.

Tfceir neamefs on all quarters to the enemy, and
ibtXt farntf Irom timely fuccour by their friends,
have forced the commanders to call forth the utter-
moft number of able hands to fight. Curcv.;

Farra'cinoos. adj. [ixom farrago, Im.^
Farmed of different materials.

Being a confufion of knaves and foots, and a
fjrmgmcui concurrence of all conditions, tempers,
letes, and ages, it is but natural if their determi-
nations be monftrous, and many ways inconfifteiit
with trAh. Broiim't yulgar Errours.

FAR

TARRA'GO, n.f. [Latin.] A mafs fofmecl
confufedly of fcveral ingredients; a med-
ley.

FA'RRIER. n.f. [firrier.Ytcachiffrra'
riut, Latin.]

1. A fluoer of horfes.

But the utmoft etaOnefs in thefe particulars be-
long to farriers, fadlers, f^iiths, and other tradef-
men. ' , •D/jiy.

2. One who profefles the medicine of horfes.

1 f you are a piece of a farriir, as every groom
ought to be, get fack, or Itrong-bttr to rub your
horfes. Sivift.

To Fa'rrier. i<. n. [from the noun.] To
pradife phyfick or chirurgery on horfes.

There are many pretenders to the art oifarriering
and cowleeching, yet many of them are very ignorant.

Atorlimer,

Fa'rrow. n. /. [F'iaph, Saxon.] A litter

of pigs.

Pour in fow's blood tliat hath litter'd
Her nine/dmm>. SLakefpearc't Machtlb.

To Fa'rrow. -v. a. To bring pigs. It is
ufed only of fwine.

Sows ready to/iirrot^ thistimeof theyear. tujfer.

The fwine, although multiparous, yet being bi-
fulcous, and only cloven-hoofed, \i farrowed with
open eyes, as other bifulcous animals. Bro'wn.

Ev'nher, who did her numerous offspring boaft,
As fair and fruitful as the fow that carry'd.
The thirty pigs at one large litter /aiTcitu'rf. Dryden.

FART. «./. [pent, Saxon.] Wind from
behind.

Love is \\itfart
Of every heart;

It pains a man when 'tis kept clofe ;
And others doth ofTend, when 'tis letloofe. Sucillnr.
To Fart. -v. a. [from the noun.] To break
wind behind.

As when we a a gun difchai^e.
Although the bore be ne'er fo large.
Before the flame from muzzle buc(t,
Juft at the breech it fiallies firft;
So from my lord his palTion broke.
He farted firft and then lie fpokc. _ Sii'ift.

Fa'rther. adv. [This word is now gene-
rally confidered as the comparative degree
of far; but by no analogy an far make
farther ot fartlxfi : it is therefore proba-
ble, that the ancient orthography was
nearer the true, and that we ought to
write further and furthej}, from forth,
farther, forlheji, pop'Sop, pup'Sep, Saxon;
the 0 and a, by refemblance ot found,
being firft confounded in fpeech, and af-
terwards in books. ] At a greater diftance ;
to a greater diftance; more remotely ; be-
yond; moreover.

To make a perfeft judgment of good piftures,
when compared with one another, befidcs lulcs,
there \s farther required a long converfalioii with ilic
beft pieces. Drydin's Dufrtfnoy.

They contented themfelves with the opiuions,
falhions, and things of their country, without look-
ing M\y farther. Loclie.

Fa'rther. adj. [fuppofed from /ar, more
probably from forth, and to be written
further. J

1. More remote.

Let me add a farther trxnh, that without ties of
gratitude, 1 have a particular inclination to honour
you. Drydtn.

2. I-onger ; tending to greater diftance.

^fon out farther way the fates allow,
Here mult we fix on high the golden bough. Dryden.

Fa'rtherance. n.f. [more properly //r-
theravce from further.} Encouragement;
promotion.

That was the foundation of the learning 1 have,
and of alUhe_/iirli/><i«<that 1 have obtained.

jtfcbam's Scboeimajicr .

FAS

FAiwHEiiMoie. ad-v^ [more properly ^n.
thermore,'] Befides ; over and above ; like-
wife.

Farthermore the leaien, body, and boughs of thW
free, by fo much exceed all other plants, as the
greateft men of power and wordly ability furpaft
the meantft. Ralcigb' sBiJlary.

To Fa'rth er. 1'. a. [more proper To fur-
/her.] To promote; to facilitate ; toad»

vance.

He hii fartbereJ orhinaered the taking of the

town. ^/<'^!^

Fa'rth EST. ad-v. [mote properly furtheji.]

See Farther.

1 . At the greateft diftance.

2. To the greateft diftance.
Fa'rthest. adj. Moft diftant; remotefti

Vet it muft be withal conCdered, that thegreatelt
part of the world are they which be fartheft frota
perfeflion. Honker.

Fa'rth I NO. n.f. [peopSlini, Saxon, from
peopep, four, that is, the fourth part of a
penny.]

1. The fourth of a penny; the froalleit
Engliih coin.

h. farthing is the leift denomination or fndloik
of money uied in England. Cocker's Arithmetick.

Elfe all thofe things we toil fo hard in,
Would not avail one i\n%\e farthing. Prior.

You are not obliged to take money not of gold 01
filver J not the halfpence otftrthingt of England.

S^ft.

2. Copper money.

The pari(h find, 'tis true; but our churchwardens
Feed on the filver, and give us thcfrrtings. Gay.

3. It is ufed fometimes in a fcnfe hyperbo-
lical: as, it is not worth ayar//t;>/^; oc
proverbial.

His fon builds on, and never is content,
•Till the ha farthing is in ftruSure fpent. Drydesn

4. A kind of divifion of land. Not in ufe.

Thirty acres make a Jarthing-UnA ; nine far-
things a Corniih acre; and fbur Cornifti acres »
knight's fee. Carev.

Fa'rthingale. n.f. [This word has much
exercifcd the etymology of Skinner,^ who •
at bft feems to determine that it is de-
rived from 'vertu garde : if he had confi-
fidcred what -vert fignifies in Dutch, he
might have found out the true fenfe.]
A hoop ; circles of whalebone ufed to
fpread the petticoat to a wide circum-
ference.

With filken coats, and caps, and golden rings.
With rufTs, and cuffs, md farthingales and things.

Shakeffearr.
Tell me,
Whatcompafs will you wear -par farthinr tie f

Sbakfpeare,
Arthur wore In hall
Round tabic, like xfartbingal. Ihdiiras.

Some will have it that it portends the downfal of
the French king; and obferve, that tht farthingaie
appeared in England a litUe before the ruin of tht
Spanilh monarchy. AdSfat.

S:ie feems a medley of all ages.
With a hu%c farihirrgale 10 fwell her fuftian fluff,
A new commode, a topknot and a ruff. Swift.

Fa'r TH I N c sworth . ». /. [farthing and
ivorth.] As much as is fold for a farthing.
They are thy cuftomer? ; 1 hardly ever fell ihcin
ifarthingfvxrth of any thing. Arbutbr.ji.

FA'SCES. V. f. [Latin.] Rods anciently
carried before the confuls as a mark of
their authority.

The duke beheld, like Scipio, with difdain.
That Carthage, which he ruin'd, rife once more;
And (hook aloft the/<i/f« of the main,
To fi-ilht tiiole ilavei with what they felt befo«.

Drydem.

FJ'SCJjl.

F A S

FA'SCIA. *./. [L«tin.] A fillet 5 a bandage.

Fa'sciathd. cJJ. [from fa/da.] Bound
with fillets; tied with a bandage. Dia.

Fascia'tion. »./. [trom /«,<:«.] Bandage;

the aft or manner of binding difeafed parts.

Three efpecial forts of fafcintion, or lowling,

have the worthies of our proleffioo «omme?>ded to

pnftcrity. yViftman.

70 FA'SCINATE. -v. a. Ifafelno, Latin.]
To bewitch ; to enchant ; to influence in
fome wicked and fecret manner.

There be none of the affcftion! which h»ve been
ooad KifufcixMroT bewitch, but love and {1117.

Bacon,
Such a fafcimtiing fin is this, as allows men no
iiberty of confideration. Decay cf Pirty.

Fasci.va'tion. «./ [iromffijcinate.] The
power or aft of bewitcning; enchant-
ment ; nnfeen inexplicable influence.

He had fuch a crafty and bewitching falhion,
both to move pity and to induce belief, as was like
a kind oifajcinatian and enchantment to thofe that
iaw him or heard him. Bacon.

The Tarks hang old raga, or fuch like ugly things,
upon their faireft horfes, and other goodly crea-
ture?, to fecure them i%iinAfa/cirtaiioii. IValUr.

There is a certain bewitchcry or fafcinalioit In
words which make them operate with a torcc be-
yond what we can nitmrally give an account of. Saulb

FA'SCINE. n. J. [French.] A faggot.
Military cant.

The Black Prince palled many a river without
the help of pontoons, and filled a ditch with faggots
as fuccefsfuDy as the generals of our times do with
fifcineM. Addifon'l Spectator.

FA'iCiHovs.eufJ. [fo/cimm, Lat.] Caufed
or afting by witchcraft, or enchantment.
Not in nfe.

I fhall nocdifcufs the peflibiUty of /i/Wirmi dif-

eabs, farther than refer 10 experiment. Harvey.

FA'SHION. «. /. [fofm, trench ; faciti,

liltin.]
I. Form ; make; ftate of any thing with
regard to its outward appearance.

They prciend ihemfclvts grieved at our folemni-
♦i«s in ercihng churches, at iheir form and _/i/!li<.»t,
II the ftatelincli of there and coftlinefs, and at the
•pinion which we have of thera. llooktr.

1\it/>ifiim of his countenance was altered. Lute,
Sian^ ihefe poor people's friend.
•—I will,

Orlet me loo(ethe/i/l(Mofa man. Siate/f.

S. 1 he make or cut of cloaths.

I'll be at charges for a looking-glafs.
And entertain a fcore or two of taylors,
To auiy fa/ihns to adorn my body, Sbakr/p.

You, fir, 1 entertain for one of my hundred ; only,
I do not like \hzfajhhn of your garments. Sbatejp.

3. Manner; fort; way.

For that I loveyour daughter
In fuch a i\ih^eoynfaJhl(,n as I do,
Perforce againft all checks, rebukes, and manners,
Imuft advance. Sbaiefb, Merry fi'ivet 0/ lyinJhr.

Pluck Cifca by the lleeve.
And he wi!l, after his imxfajhhn, tell you
What hath proeeeded. Sbak.fpeare'i 'Jultut C^far.

The commiflionert either pulled down or delaced
•11 images in churches ; and that in fuch unfeafon-
able and unfeafontd fajkhn, as if it bad keen done
in hoftility againft them. Hayivard.

4. Cuftoin operating upon drefs, or any
domeftick ornaments.

Hrre's the note
Wow mufhy^ur chain weighs to the utmoftcarar,
IhefinentCiofthegold, the chargeful/«/?./c«.
_ - , Hbakejpeare.

f. Cuftom; general prafttce.

Zelmene again, with great admiration, begun to
fpeak of himr afltmg whether it were \ht fajh,„n
•r no, m Arcadia, ikaf ftiepherds (houW perform
tiK-h valorous cnierprijej > i/rf/rry

Though the truth of this bath been univerfally
Jckoowledged, jtt btcaufe i^tfafiUn of the age li

FAS

to Mil «»iry thii<j into quertlon, it will b« Mauifite
to fatisfy men's reafon about it. 'liltoifon.

No wonder that paftorals are fallen into difeileem,
together with that f.tJhiQii of life upon which they
were grounded. Waljh.

It was not eafily recsnciled to the common me-
thod J but then it was ihtfaJhioB to do fuch things

Arbutbnot,

6. M.?nner imitated from another; way efta-
blifhed by precedent.

Sorrow fo royally in you appears.
That I will deeply put xhtfafliion on,
And wear It in my heart. Shalefpeare.

7. General approbation ; mode.

A young gentleman accommodates himfelf to the
innocent diveriions \nfa/hhti. Lucke.

His panegyricks were beftowed only on fuch per-
fons at he had familiarly known, and only at fuch
times as others ceafe to praife, when out of power,
or out offajhiin. Pipe.

8. Rank ; condition above the vulgar. It
is ufed in a fenfe below that of quality-.

It is ftrangc that men of fjjbion, and gentlemen,
(hould fo grody belie their own knowledge. Raleigh.

9. Any thing worn.

Now, by this maiden bloflbm in my hand,
I fcorn thee, and ihy/ujbhrr, peeviih boy. ■Sbaie/f.

10. The farcy, n diftemper in horfes ; the
horfes leprofy. A barbarous word.

His horte is pofleft with the glauders, infcfted
with thcjci/blo/rs, and full of windgallt. Shakefp.

To \ a'sh I o n . t;, a. [Jafonuer, French, from

the noun.]
I. To form; to mould ; to figure.

He loves me well, and I have giv'n him reafon )

Send him but hither, and I 'Wfttjlhn him. Sbakcfp.

Did not he that made me in the womb, make

him ? And did not emtfajbiut us in the womb ? "Job.

The gravesof the rebellious generations were alrea-

ilfajhioned in the clouds, which foon after Ihould

fwallow up all living creatures. Raleigh.

The rib he form'd inifa/thn'dmilh his hands :

Under his forming hands a creature grew,

Man like, but ditftrent fex. MiltoH't Paradife Lo/I.

Inabilitv will every one find in himfeK, who

(hall go about to _/J^/cn in his underftanding any

fiiTiple idea, not received by his fenfes from external

objefls, or by reflexion from the operations of his

jnind about them. Licit.

How could this nolle fabrick be defign'd,
knifajbian'd, by a maker brute and blind ;
Could it of art fuch miracles invent?
And raife a beauteous world of fuch extent ; Blackm.

A different toil another forge employs.
Here the loud hammery<j/J »>ij female toys :
Each trinket that adorns th^ modem dame,
Firrt to thefe little artilts ow'd its frame. Gay'i Fan.

I. To fit ; to adapt ; to accommodate.

Laws ought to \xfaJh!oned unto the manners and
conditions of the people to whom they are meant,
and not to be impofed upon them according 10 the
fimple rule of right. ftpenfer.

Ne do, I doubt, but that ye well ciafu/hion
Yourfelves thereto, according to occafion. Huhb.Tale.

Nature, as it grows again tow'rdi earth,
U/aJhion'd for the journey, dull and heavy. Shak.

'I hii cardinal,
Though from an humble flock undoubtedly,
Wii/ajhioti'd to much honour from his cr.idle.

Sbak. Hen. VIU.

3. To counterfeit. Not ufed.

It better fits my blood to be difdained oS all, than
Xofajhhn 3 carriage to rob love from any. - Shakefp.

4. To make according to the rule prefcribed
by cuftom.

The value of the labour employed about one parcel
of filver more than another, makes a difference in
their price; and thut /j/bitiud flite fells for more
than its weight. Locke.

Fa'sh ION ABLE. adj. \Uom fofiion .'\
I. Approved b^ cuftom; cftablifhcd by
cuftom ; modifti.

The eminence of your condition will invite gen-
tlemen to the ftudy of suture, aodinike philofophy
fujllivalte, GUn-ville.

FAS

Elimine how the faJhianaiU praftice of the
world can be reconciled to this impoitant doiSrinc of
our religion. Rogers,

'Tis prevailing example hath now made \KfaJ%ion,
able. Benilry.

2. Made according to the mode.

9J\c\\y fajhidttab/e robes her perfon deck ;
Pendants her ears, and pearls adorn her neck. DrjJ,

3. Obfervant ofthe mode.

Time is like af.ifihunb/ehan.
That (lightly (hakes his parting gueft by tl.' hand ;
But with his arms outftretch'd, as he would fly,
Grafps in the comer : welcome ever fmiles.
And farewell goes out fighing. ShakeJ}.

4. Having rank above the vulgar, and be-
low nobility.

Fa'shionablkness. ». / [ftam fnjhlov-
a6/e.] Modifh elegance ; fuch appearance
as is according to the prefent cuftom.

Why Ihould they not continue to value themfclves
for this ouiiiic faJlioiiakJcr.efi of the taylor or tire-
woman's making, when their parents have fo early
ioftrut^cd them to do fo > Locke,

Fa'shionABI.V. aJfv. [from faJhionablt.\
In a manner conformable to ciillom ; with
modifti elegance.

He muft at length die dully of old age at home,
when here he might (b Jajljionably and genteelly
have been duelled or fluxed into another world, i'ov/i.

Fa'shionist. »./. [irom fo/hioji.'\ A fol-
lower of the mode ; a fop ; a coxcomb.

Dia.

To FAST. ni. n. [fajiao/i, Gothick ; paej-tan,
Saxon.]

1 . To aUlain from food.

Our love is not fo great Hortenfio,
But we may blow our nails together,
Anifaji it fairly out. Shakefp. Tarn. cftheSbrexu.

1 had rather fuji from all lour days ihaii drink fo
much in one. Shakefpeare^i Antony and C/enpatra,^.

We have fome meals, and breads, and drinlct,
which taken by men enable ihem to fall long after.
Bacon^s Nevj Atlanril,

2. To mortify the body by religious abiti.
nence.

When \\\e>v fjjiejl, anoint thy head and wa(h thy
face, that thou appear not unto men Xnfjjl. Matt.su

Laft night the very god Ihew'd me a vilion :
\fafi, and pray'd for ihcir intelligence. Shtkejf.

Fast. »./. [from the verb.]
I. Abftincnce from food.

A thoufand men have broke their_/ijfj to-day,
That ne'er (hall dine, unlefs thou yield the crown.

Slakefp.
Where will th:s end ? Four times ten days I've pafs'd,
Wand'iing (hit woody maic, and human fpod
NurtaOed, nor had apjelite; ihat^.j/?
To virtue 1 impute net, or count part
Of what I fuBer here. Milton,

Happy and innocent vicre the ages of our fore,
fathers, who broke their fafti with herbs an4
roots J and when they were permitted flefli, eat it
only drcfled with hunger and fire. ^faylor.

She's gone unkindly, and refus'd tocaft
One glance to feed me for fo long ifujl- Drydent

2, Religious mortification by abftinence ;
religious humiliation.

We humble ourfelves before God this day, not
merely by the outward folemnities of ijt:j{, but by
atttiding our fouls as well as bodies for our fins.

Atterkurj,
Nor pray'rs notfajls its ftubboru pulfc reftrain j
Nor tears, turagcs, taught to flow in vain. Poft,
Fast. adj. [pa:j-«, Saxon.]
I. Firm; immoveable.

He by his ftrengih fettethyi/7 mountains.

Pf. Ixv 6,.
Laft, the fire and iiis three font,
Withiheir four wives; and god made _/l/? the door.

Milton.
Be fure to find.
What I have foretold line, many a Iiatd eflay. M'li.

J » i or

ATHlen.

FAS

Of dingers and ailveriities, and painii
Kre thou of Ifrael's fceptie gct/i/ noW.

2. Strong; impregnable.

Englnr^d, by report of the chroniSles, was m-

• fertcd with robbers and outUws; which, lurkine in

woods and /i/J places, uftd often to break forth to

rob and fpoil. Sffi/er on IuImJ.

3. Fixed; adhering; not feparable.

Lodronius, with the breaking in of the horfemen,
was driven into amarlh; where, after that he, being
a.\mo(tfy/i in the deep mud, had done the utter-
inoft, he yielded himfelf. A'W/. j.

A man in a boat, who tugs at a rope l\\M'%pJi
lo a (hip, looks as it he relblvcd to dt^iw the (lap to
him. 1'""tl'-

4. Deep ; found.

I have I'een her rife from her bed, take paper, fold
it, feal it, and again return to her bed : yet all this
while in a moft/i/ lleep. Shakeffeart' s Mactelh.

B. Firm in adherence.

Quick wits be in defire new-fangled; in purpofe,
uncoiillant; light to promife any thing, ready to
forget every thing, both benefit and injury ; and
thereby neither faji to friend, nor fearful to foe.

/Ifcham'sSch-olmaJler.

6. [from f^ft, Wel(h, quick.] Speedy ;
quick ; fvvift. It may be doubted whe-
ther this fenfe be not always adverbial.

This work goeth /i/ on, and profpereth.

Ex.ra, V. 8.

Skill comes fo llow, and life fo/a/ doth fly,

fit Icatn fo little, and forget fo much. Davies.

The prince gtoweth up fifl to be a man, and is

of a fwcet and excellent difpofition : it would be a

. ftain upon you if you Ihould miflead, or fuffcr him to

be mined. ^''"'' "> ''''•'''"■'■

7. Fast, and loofe. Uncertain; variable;
inconftant ; deceitful.

A rope of fair pearl, which now hiding, now
hidden by the hair did, as it were, play 3X fafi and
looft each with other, giving and receiving vichnefs.

Hidney.

If (he perceived by his outward cheer,
That any~nouU his love by talk bewry.

Sometimes (he heard him, fomelimes ftopt her ear.
And play 'ifaft andloofe tlie live-long day. Fairfax.

Tl.e folly and wickedncfs of men, that think to
fhr fa/l and lorjevt'wh God Almighty ! VEJlrange.

ii tbey cohered, yet by the next conflifl with
•ther atc-ns they might be fejiarated again; and fo
on in an eternal vicifiitude af fajl and hoft, without
eiier conlbciating into ths huge condenfe brniies oi
planets. - Bcnilfy.

Ti.iT. ad-O.

1. Firmly; immoveably.

Bind the boy, which you (hall find with me,
Fcjl to the chair. Shakeff. King John.

This love 01 theits m^felf have often fccn.
Haply when they have judg'd me/j/J afleep. Shak.

2. tlofcly ; 'nearly. In this fcnfe it is
united with fome other word, as by or

belidt.

BarbarofTi left fourteen galleys in the lake; but
the ticklings, fails, oars, and ordinance he had laid
Kp in the caltle ftjl by. Kno'let.

Silo's brook that flow'd
PaJI ly the oracle of God. Milton's Paradife Loji.

Lei purling ftreams be in her fancy fccn.
And flow'ry meads, and vales of dieerlul gtecn ;
- And in the roiJft of dcathlcfsgrovcs
Soft (ighing wiSics lie,
And.fmiling hopes foft by,

>nd juft beyond 'em ever-laughing loves. Drydtn.

f'tijl by the throne obfeijui ous (amj refiJcs,
And wealth inivfiant rolls hcrgnlden tid.i. Pe/c

Well-tnown to mc the palace you inquire ;
fcr/T/j /fjf.fc it dwells my houour'd fire. Pofe.

Here o'er the 'martyr-king the marble weeps,
t^^ij.-ji tufiJt him once fear'd Edward llccps. P«/>f.

3. Swiftly; nimbly.

1 would give a ihoufand pound \ could run as/*/?
as 'Sou can'll. Sliakefptart's Htnrj IV.

There ftreams a fpriiig of blood fo/'r.v?,
From ihofc deep wound!> as allemiru'd the face.

DfUid,

FAS

The heavicft mufe the fwifteft courfe has gone,
As clocks tan/ajhji when moft lead is on. Poft.
You are 10 look upon me as one going/n/ out of
the world. S-aift.

4. Frequently.

B:ing tried only with a promife, he gave full
credit to that promife, and (\lll gave evidence of his
hdelily as faJi as occalions were offered.

Hammond'i PialJ. Caleeb.

To Fa'sten. f. a. [from//?/?.]

1. To make faft ; to make firm; to fix im-
moveably.

A mantle coming under her right arm, and co-
vering moft of that fide, had no f.ijlening on the
left fide. Sidiuy.

Moles reared up the Tabernacle, znifajirned\i\i
fockeis. Exodux.

By chance a (hip vnsfaflen'd to the (hore,
Which from old Clufium king Ofinius bore. Dryden.

2. To hold together ; to cement; to link.

She had all magnetick force alone.
To draw tnifajien fundred parts in one. Dome.

In the I'ea-coaftof India there is no iron, which
flies not like a bird unto thole mountains, and there-
fore their Ihips are_/u/?f«cJ with wood. Brown.

3. To affix; to conjoin.

•] he words Whig and Tory have been preffed to
the (irviceof many fuccelTions of parties, with very
diflFeient iitisfajiemd to them. Swifl's Examiner.

4. To (lamp ; to imprcfs ; to fix.

Thinking, by this face,
Tofajlen in out thoughts that they have courage ;
But 'lis not fo. Siairffeare's Julius Cr/ar.

5. To unite infeparably.

Their oppreflors have changed the fcene, and com-
bated the opinions in their true Ihape, upon which
they could not fo we!l/j/2<n their difguiCe.

Decay of Piety.

6. To lay on with ftrength.

Could he/j/?f» a blow, or make a thruflr, when
not fufTercdto approach i Dryden's Mn. Dedicat.

To Fa'sten. 'v. n. To fix himfelf.

This paucity of blood may be obferved in other
forts of lizards, in frogs, and otlier filhes; and
therefore an horfe4eech will hardly /i/f« upon a
tilli. Sro-wn's futigji- Erriurs.

Htfaflen'don my neck; and bellow'dout.
As he'd burft heaven. Sbakeff. King Lear.

The wrong judgment that mifleads us, and makes
the will oixtn/njitn on the worfe fide, lies in milrc-
portiiig upon comparifons. Locke.

Fa'stener. ». /. [from/fl/?f».] One that
makes faft or firm.

Fa'ster. ». /. [from/a^.] Hewhoabftains
from food. Aiufiuorth.

Fa'sthanded. adj. [fafi and hert/d.] Ava-
ricious ;clofehanded;clofcfifted; covetous.
The king ht\n%fa_ftbanded, and loth to part with
a fecond dowry, prevailed With the prince to be
contradled with the Princefs Catharine. Baeon.

Fastidio'sity. w./ [itomfaji^diom.'] Dif-
dainfulnefs ; contemptuoufnefs. Siuift.

FASTI'DIOUS. adj. [fajiidiofus, Latin;
ftiJllJieux, fajiidieufe, trench.] Dlfdain-
ful; fqueamilh; delicate to a vice; info-
lently nice.

Reafons plainly delivered, and aUvays after one
manner, efpecially with tine nai fajlidiuus minds,
enter but heavily and dully. Bacon.

Let ihe'nfujidious v.\in
Coinmidion 01 the brain.

Run on and rage, l'« eit, cenfure, and coademn.
They were not made for thee, kl's thou tor them.

Ben. Jonfon,

A ftjueamilh faflidlous niccncfs, in meats and

drinks, muft be cured by fl.irving. L'Ejlrange.

All hopc!, railed upon the promifes or luppoled

kindneliesof ihe. faJUJious and fallacious great ones

oilhe'wotlJ, (liallfail. South.

Fasti'diously. adv. [from fajlidiotis.']

DifdainfuUy ; contemptuoudy ; fqueam

i(hly.

Their folt taknt is pride and fcorn : tlicy bok

FAT

JaPldliuJiy, and fpeak difdainfullyr COBcludI«g,'if
a man (hall fall (hott of their garniture at their knees
and elbows, he is much interior to them in the
furniture ot his head. Government of the Timfju.

Fasti'giatf.d. adj. [faf}igaius, Latin.]
Roofed ; narrowed up to the top. D/W.

Fa'stingday. ». /. [fajl and (/<y.] Day
of mortification by religious abftinence.

Do not call it afajlingday, uolefs alio it be a djy
of extraordinary devotion and of alms. 'Taylor,

Fa'stness. »./. [from_/^.]

1. State of being faft.

2. Firmnefs; firm adherence.

S.ich as had given the king diftal^e, did contend
by their forwardnefs to (hew it was but \\\t\i fajltief%
to the former government, and that thofe attentions
ended with the time.

3. Strength ; fecurity.

All the places are cleared, and places o^ faflntfx
laid open, which arc the proper walls and callles
of the Irifli, as they weie of the Britilh in the
times of Agricola. Da'vies on Ireland.

The foes had left the/rjtf<re/} of their place,
PrevaiI'd in tight, and had his men in chace. Dryd.

4. A ftrong place; a place not eafily forced.

If his adverfary be not well aware of him, he
entrenches himfelf in a nnvfijlne/s, and holds out
the fiege with a new artillery. IVatis on the Mind.

5. Clofenefs; concifcnefs; not difttifion.
Not ufed.

Bring his (Vile from all loofe grolTnefs to fuch firm

fajinefs in Latin, a? in Demorthenes. Afckami

Fa STUous. adj. \_faJ}iio/us, Latin -jfajiueux,

fajiuettje, Frejich.] Proud ; haughty. DiS,

Fat. adj, [psr, Saxon.]

1. FuUfed; plump; flelhy : the contraiy
to Itan.

When gods have hot backs, what (hall poor men
do? For me, I am here a Windfor (lag, and the
fattejl, I think, I'th' forelt. Shaieffeare.

Let our wives
Appoint a meeting with thisold_/i' fellow. Shakejp.
'I'is a fine thing to he fat and tffiooth.L' EJlrange*
Spare diet and labour will keep conliituiions,
where this difpofition is the ftrongeit, from being
fat : you may tee in an army forty thoufand foot-
I'oidiers without a/i/man; and I dare afhrm, that
by plenty and reft twenty of the forty (hall grow fat.

Arbulbutt,

2. Coarfe ; grofs ; [fat, French.]

We're hurry'd oown
This lubri(]ue and aduh'rate age;
Nay, aidcu_^/ pollutions of ourown,
T' iiicreafc the (teaming ordures of the ftage. Dryi,

3. Dull.

0 fouls 1 in whom no heav'nly (ire is found.
Fat minds, and ever-grov'hng 6u the ground. Dryd.

4. Wealthy ; rich.

Some are allured to law, not on the coatemplation
of equity, but on the promiling and plealing thoughls
of litigious terms, _/a/ contentions, and flowing fees.

Milion.

Thefe were terrible alarms to pcrfons grown fat
and wealthy by a long and fucccfsf.tl impollure.

South.

A fai benefice is that which fo abounds with an
eftateand revenues, that a man ma;' expend a great
deal in dclicacicsof eating and drinking. Ayliffe,

Fat. ». /. An oily and fulphureous p.trt of
the blood ; depoflted in the cells of the
membrana adipofa, from the innumerable
little vefTels which are fpread amongft
them. The fat is to be found immedi-
ately under the Ikin, in inoft prts of the
body. Thete are two forts of fat ; one
yellow, foft, and lax, cafiiy melted; ano-
ther firm, white, Ijrittle, and not fo
eafily melted, called fuetor tallow. Some
reckon the marrow of the bones for a
thiid fort of fat. S^mcj.

In this ointment the ftiiuigeft and hardelt mgie-

diests

FAT

aienti to come By, are the mofs ujwn tKe flnill of »
dead man unburicd, and the />j/s of a boar and a
bear, killed in the aft of generation. Baccti.

This membrane fcparaes an oily liquor called
/jt : when the libres are iax, and the aliment too
redundant, great part of it is converted into this oily
'il'JO''. Aiiuwni: in Alimenis.

y« Fat. v, a. [fit)m the noun, j To make
fat ; to fatten ; to make plump and flclhy
with abundant food.

Oh ijow this villainy
Doth/j/me with the very thoughts of it! Skik,

Ere thi5

1 Aould hive/atrtj all the region kites

VVitti this flavc'softal. Shakt/p.Hamlft.

They fa! fuch enemies as they take in the wars,

that they may devour them. Micr.

The Caritbecs were wont to geld their children,

on purpofc loyir and eat them. Lode.

CmW/atieJ by good pafture, after violent motion,

fometimes die fuddenly. Aibuibnot on Dirt.

To Fat. i;. n. To grow fat ; to grow full-
fleflied.

Clarence, he ii well repaid j

^^ '""''''' "'' '"/^'-''"^ fof •>« pains.- S&tkifp.

The one labours in his di:(y with a good con-

fcience ; the other, like a beall, but faitivz up for

! d)e daughter '' VtJ,ra,,ge.

.^n qM. ax fats as well, aad is as good, as a young.

_ M^ir timer.

YkT. n. /. [pxr, Saxon; latte. Dutch.]
This is generally written vat.] A veflel
in which any thing is put to ferment or
be foalced.
thtfais diill ovtrflow with wine and oil.

, , . . yo'/i ii. 14;

A white ftone uled for flagging floors, for cillerns,

ard tanners/an. ifioduarJ on F'-Jih.

Fa'TAL. adj. [falalis, Latin; fatal,

French.]
I. Deadly; mortal; deftrufuve; caufing
deftni^ion.

O filial maid ! thy marriage is cndow'd
Wi;h Phrjgian, Lalian, and Rulilian Mood. Dryd,

FAT

' .A palh in the brain is mcrt dangerous ; when it
wiieth the heart, or organs oi breaihing,/jM/.

Arhuibnoi on D'ut.

2. Proceeding by deflmyv inevitable; ne-
ceflary.

Others delude their trouble by a graver way of rea-
fooing, that ihe/e things tnfaij ini neccflary, it
being in vain 10 be troubled at tiui which «» caiirut
"'P- . . . lilloijon.

3. Appointed by deftiny.

i' iT" tl"^ '"■ '*" '''"« '" "s'" ■" h!' ""My ?

and ihouih he avoided to hght with enemies abroad,
yer he was rtill enlorced to hght for it with rebels .it

• "<»"*• Ba-.on', HenrjWl.

It was -^

Sm fatal to ftout ((udibnis,
In all hisfeaisof arms, when leaft

Behold the dclliii'd pUt- of your abodes j
For thus Anchifti prophecy'd of old,
And thus uMtfaial place of reft fori iomI. Dfjien.

O rKe divine ;
For beaaty flill is/a/a/ to the line. Drydenl

Fa'talist. ». /. [from /«/<..] Oite aho
mimtains that all things haopfn by in-
evitable neceflity. •

W.II the oUhiutc fala/i/l, find fufficient apology >

tATKLnv. „./. [fataJite. Ftench i from
fala/.]

I. Predeftination; predetermined order or
feries of things and events ; preor^linalion
of inevitable cau/es afting invincibly in
perpetual fuccefljon,

TIk ftoicks helu afjlali,j,,,nd a fixed unalterable
tourfeofe*«n(»i t^u: then they held n-I^j, but ihcy

fell out by a iiccelTity t.r.eiguu Irom .1.1 inht '[<

m the things thcm&ivti, wh.ei Cad iuafctf coulij

2. Decree of fate.

By a ftrange fatality men fuffer their dlflenting
to be drawn into the ftream of tlieprefent vogue.

King Charles.

All the father's precautions could not fecure thd
fon from tbe/.;f:;/;/y of dying by a lion. VEflrarge:

J. Tendency to danger ; tendency to fome
great or hazardous event.

Seven times fevcn, or forty-nine, nine times nine,

or eighty-one, and feven times nine, or the years

fixty-three, is conceived to carry with it the mod

conliderjbleyir.;//.")!. jj,„

Fa'tally. adv.lixom fatal.']

1. Mortally; deliruaivcly. even to death,
The llream is fo Iranfparent, pure and clear.

That had the fclf.<namoured youth gaj"d here.

So fatally deceiv'd he had not been,

While he the bottom, not his face, had feen.

DtHbam.
Tis the procelTion of a funeral vow,
Which cruel laws to Indian wives allow.
When fatally their virtue they approve;
Cheerful in Hames, and martyrs of their love. Diydt

2. By the decree of fate ; by inevitable and
invincible determination.

To fay that the world was made cafually by the
concurrence of atoms, is to .iffirm that the atomi
compofed the world mechaiinically ini fatally; only
lliey were net iVnlible of it. Btntley.

Fa'talnsss. »./. [from/a/<7/.] Invincible

neceifity.
FATE. «./. fya/.vOT, Latin.]

1. Deftiny ; an eternal feries of fucccflive
caufes.

Nccefliiy or chance
Approach no; me ; and what I will is^a/A Mtlloit,

Theie u a neceflily inyj/^
Why ftiU the brave bold man is fortunSe, Diydcn.

You mult obey roe fcon or late;
Why will you vainly Itrusgle with ycMfait! Dryd.

Wh-n empire in its childhood firlt appears,
A w-atchlul/ar^ o'erfces its rifing years. Dryden,
Random chance, or wilful/a/e, (

Guides the fhaft from Cupid's bow, A. Pbilipt^

2. Event predetermined. ■

Tell mc what/aftr attend the Duke of Suffolk'? '
—By wai..! ftall he die, and take his end > Sbaktii

3. Death; deftru^ion.

Viewing a neigiibouring hill, whofe top of late '
A chapel trown'd, till in the common/j/e
Til' adjoining -bbey fell. Denbam.

LoOkii.j, he leeds alone his familh'd eyes }
F-eus liug'ring dtaih, but looki.ng not he dies;
Vet ftiil he cliofe the longeft way lofate,
Wafting at once his life and his elUie. Drydtn.

Courage uncertain dangers may abate;
Butwho cjn bcarih' approach ofcertain/a/f / Dryd.

The whizzing arrow fings,
And bears y\\'j fate Antiiiojs, on its wings. Pope.

4. Caufe of death.

Wiih full force his deadly bow he bent.
And leathtr'd faut among tlie mules and riia>pters
,, , f'-"-, ,^ D.yden.

1'a'ted, adj. [from////'.]

1. DecircQ by fate.

She tied he." fathei»s rage, acd with a train,
D,tvn by the fomhern blalts.wa* fated here to reign
■,-, • , • Dryden j^

2. i^lerroined in iany manner by fate.

Her jukward loie indeed wasoddlyyi/fi/j. !

She and her I'oU'y were too neax related. Fiiorl

j. Endued with any quality by fate. The
Andturc ufed by Dryden is unufu.tl.

■ Blight Vukanian aims, I

Fated from lorte of- fieel byStygiaii charms',' '
.Jufpended flione on high. Drydea'i Aia.\

4. Inveded with the power of fatal deter-
miruUon. Peculiar to Shakefteare.

'\h. fated Iky ^

Gives u. lite fccpe. Shahfpcare

FATHER. «.. /. [pacfeep. Saxon. This

^ word IS -fbuad likewi/c in.tli? Pedkn>

■ language. j -..'jiili f

F A- T

. He by whdm the fon or datiefiter I's be-
gotten. °

Father is a notion fuperinduced to the fubftance,
orman, and refers only lo an aft of that thing called
man, whereby he contributed to the generation of
one ot his own kind. . , Loclit

Son of BenfJem, thy>M- faith it; the man by
whom thou hart breath and life fpeaketh the word.

He (hall foi^et ^'"'"■

FalKr and mother, and to his wife adhere. Milton.

2. Ihefirft anceftor.

It was faij
It Ihould not ftand in thy pofterity •
But that myfelf (hall be the root and falher ' ■
Ot many king. Sbakcfpeare'i Macbeth.

Abraham is Kht father of us all . V.om. iy. 16.

3. I he appellation of an old man.

A poor blind man was accounted cunning in prog-
nol^icaimg weather : Epfom, a lawyer, faid#i,r feorn.. .

,j ""• -/";*<•'■• when dotii (he fun change ? Th>:
old man anfwered. When fuch a wicked lawyer a,
you goeth .0 Heaven. clnden.

4. 1 he title of any mah reverend for aee^
learning, and piet)% .,
,,,. ,^°" fliall Hiid one well accompanied ■

, With reverend/arierr and well (earned bilhopi.

^ ■ , . ■^f'akefpeare's Richard \\\.

J. Une who has given original to any thine-
good or bad. ^ a

J' bal was the father of aU fuch as handle the
har|. ..Id organ. GV«. iv. 21.

tather o! i-erle. p^p^

6. The cccMaltical writers of the firft cen-
turies.

' Men may talk of the father,, and magnify the
faU'cn, anJ.fccinto n^ake tiie authority of the /a-
then next to iniailihle ; aiid yet wpofc them to con-
"^'' 1. « . . ■ Stillingjict.

7. One who ads wuh paternal care and ten-
dernefs.

I was A father to the poor. Jd. xiix. 16;

He hath made me i father to Pharaoh, ani lord

fir.all his houfe. G«;!.-xlv. 8.

8. The title of a popilh confeflbr,. partidu-'
larly of a Jefuit.

. . . Forma! in apparelj .

In gait and couiucr.,.nce furely like t father .. Sbakef.

f here was a /^>4,r of. a convent, very n.uch'.
renowned lor his' piety and exemplary life; and as
perfons under any great affliftion applied thcmfelves-
to the moft eminent confelTors, our beautiful voiary
tock.the opportunity of eenfefling hctlelf, to ihii cr.
Rbratcd /j/iov «...

9., The tule of a fenator of old Rome.

Ftomhence the race of Alb.iii/.,/i<„ come,
, Aadt!ie.|onggloriesofm.,je lick Rome. Viydt^

10. The appellation of the firft perfon of
the adorable Trinitv.

■ The eternal Son of C'ud eOcemed it his meit and
dnnk to <lo the. will of his Father, and Icr his
obedience alone obtained the gix-aiclf glory. 'I.,y!or.

11. I he campellation of God :is Creator.
We-havt one Father,, even Cod. Jihn, vii,. 4 , .
Almighty and moll meiciful Father. Com. Pi-avc>

I'ATHCR.JN-LAW. ft.f [hom father.] Tiie
father of one's hulband or wife.

r mull m.,ke my father-inJa-uj a vi(it with a gn-at
tram and equipage. AddifonU Sfeelalor.

■Jo I'a'ihEr, -v. a.

1. To take; to adopt as a fon or daughter.-

Ay, good youth,
And ratbcr/a//j<r ihce than mafter thee. Shakr/p.

2. 1 o fupply with a.father of certain qua-
lities, ■ ^ ■

-, ; ; :,' '"" Jio-ftrongorthan my lex.

Being tofaiher'd Mi fo hulbanded. Shak. 7 C.,/ar.

How light and portable my pain fccms now.
When tkat. which nukes me bead nukes the king
bow ! "

He chllikrd as Ifati.r'J, ■ Sbaktfp. KJ^g L,'ar. ,
?. io adopt a coinpofition.

.Men of wit, . '-

Ofkn/i/i.-, 'd" .vhat Ue writ. ^iLiff.

4. io

FA T

^. Toflftfibt toany onoashijoffispring, ct

production : with ok.

Ana fcllwefefOi to/a//wr any thing ufMi them
more than is theii two, letlhem read. Hmker.

My name was made ufc ot by fe«rjl|ieiJbns, one
of which was j>le»fed to yjjitr o» roe a new let of
preduSiora, S-wi/i.

Magical relations eonipreiKii<ldfi°e£t»derived and
fit hered upon hidden qualities, whereof, Irom rc-
c ivcd grounds of art, no rdrfonsare derived. Brori't.

Fa'thirhood. *./. [frnm /n/ker.] The
charafter of a father; the authority of a
father. ,

Who can abide, that againft their own doflors,
boih'of the middle and lateft age, fix whole hooki
(hould by their _/i/Acr;6o5i/j of Trent be, under the
pain of a curfe, impcrioufly obtruded Mpon God and
his church ? //»//.

We might have had an entire notion of this
fitttriotj, or fatherly authority, Lecke.

Fa'tHerless./7(^'. [from_/a/;&<'>-.] Wanting
a father; deftitute of a father.

He Ihall not afflift any widow, or/»*irr/f/f child.

£x. xxii.

QmfjlherU/s diftrefs was ieft unmoan'd ;
Your widow dolowrs likewife be unwept. Shahff.

Thefilheri/fs hath no friend. Sandys.

He caught his death the l.nft county feflions, whert
he would go to fee juftice done to a poor widow-wo-
man and \ia fatlnrlrfi children. Addif'.n's SfeQator.
Fa'therliness. «./. \{lQmfathn-.\ Thfc
tendernefs of a father; parental kindnefs.
Fa'therly. adj. \^xQtn father.^ Paternal;
like a father; tender; protefting; careful.

Let me but move one^ueftion to your daughter,
And, by i\>ii fatherly and kindly power
That you hare in her, bid her anfwcr truly. Shak.

The part which defciibes the fire, I owe to the
piety and fiiherty afiedion of our monarch to his
fuifering fubje£ts. Drydin.

Fa'i herly. adn). In the mannerof afaiher.

Thuj kiim, fatherly difpicas'd ;
O execrable fon ! fo to afpirt ♦

Above his brethren ! Milii/u

FA'THOM. v.f. {pAsm, Saxon.]

I. A meafure of length, containing fix foot,

or two yards; the fpace to which a man

can extend both arms.

The extent of this faibom, or dlltance between
the extremity of the lingers of cither hand upon «-
panlion, is equal unto the fpace between the fole of
the foot and crown. Brtnvv.

The arms fpread acrofs in a ftraight line, aiwi
meafured from the end of the long ringer on one
hand, to that of the other, a mcafure equal to the
ftature, is named i fathom. Holdrr.

%, It is the ufual meafure applied to the
depth of thefea, when the line for found-
ing is called \.\xc fnlhom lint.

Div^ into the bottom of the deep,
Whereyi//]&&*ry/>(' could never touch the ground.

Shakf^eare^i Hettry IV.

3, Reach; penetration; depth of contri-
vance; compafs of thought.

Another oi\\\^fatbom they have none
To lead their bulincl's. Sh.tkefftart'i Olhrllo..

To Fa'thom. v. a. [from the noun]

1. To encompafs with the arms extended
or encircling.

2. To reach ; to matter.

Ixave, leave ia fathom fuch high points as tbefe ;
Nor be ambitious, ere the time, to pleafe. Drydm,

•3. To found; to try with refpeft to the
depth.

'Tis too ftrong for weak heads to try the heights

tni fathom the depths of his flights. Fil'.on.

Our depths whofathvms, Vc^e.

4. To penetrate into ; to find the bottom
or utmofi: extent : as. / caanot fathom h's
defign.

Fa'thomless. adj. [from/7/ia/».]

-FAT

1. That of which no bottom can b« found, '

2. Th.it of which the circumference can-
not be embraced.

Will you with counters fum
The nft proportion of his infinite j
And buckle in a wafte tnoi fathnmlefs,
With fpan! and inches fo dimihut-ve
As fears and rcafons ? Shakrff. 'Troihi and Cr.

Fati'dicaL. adj. [ffilidictis, Latin; fnli-
dipt, French.] Prophetick ; having the
power to foretcl future events.

The oak, of all other trees only fatidical, told
them what a fearful unfortunate bulincU this would
prove. U^Avell

Fa'tiIERoUS. /7i//'. [fatifer, L2X\n.'\ Dead-
ly ; mortal ; deftrudive. Dhi.
Fa'ticabi-e adj. [fatigo,\ax\'a.'\ Eafily

wearied; fufceptible of wearinefs.
Ta Fa'tigate. <v. a. \fatigo, Latin.] To
weary ; to fatigue ; to tire ; to exhauft
with labour; to opprefs with laflitodc.
Not in ufe.

By and by th; dinof war "gan to pierce
His ready fenfe, when ftraight his doubled fpirit
Requieken'dwhat in fielh vrnfuligatt.
And to the ba'.tle came he. Shititfy. Coriolamn.
FAITGUE. «./. [fatigue, ixcuch; fatigo,
Latin.]

1. Wearinefs; laflitude.

2. The caufe of wearinefs; labour; toil.

The great Scipio fought honours in his youth, and
endured thefatigues with which he purchafed them.

DryJert.

To ¥ KTi'cvz. 'V. a.\ fatigue, French;y«-
tigo, Latin.] To tire; to weary; to har-
rafs with toil ; to cxhaaft with labour.

The man who ttriigglcs in the fight,
Fatigufs left arm as well as right. Prior.

Fatki'dneyed. oajr'. [fatandh'dmj.] Fat:
by way of reproach or contempt.

Pe»ce, ye fatkidney'd rafcal ; what a brawling
do'il thou keep I Sbakefpean-'s liemy I V.

Fa'tling. »./ [fwmfat.] A young ani-
mal fed fat for the ilaughter.

The calf and the young linn, and ihtfatling (hall
lie down together, and a little child ihall lead them.

IJ. xi. 6,

Fa'tner. ». /. [from/j/.] That which
gives fatncfs.

The wind was weft, 0(1 which that phllofopher
bellowed the encomium oifatner of the earth.

Arhutbitot.

Fa'tness. 71. f. rfromy??/.]

1. The quality of being fat, plump, or full-
fed.

2. Fat ; greafe ; fulnefs of flelh.

And by his fide rode loathlbme gluttony,
Deformed creature, on a filthy fwine;

His belly was upblown with luxury.
And eke vmhfatnrfs IwoUen were liis eyen.

Fairy ^ueert,

3. Unftuous or greafy matter.

Earth and water, mingled by the help of the fun,
gather a nitrous/.</r;f/i. Bacon's Nat. Hiji.

4. Oleaginoufnefs; fliminefs ; unftuoufnefs.

But the olive-tree faid unto them; Should I leave
my fatnrfs wherewith by me they honour God and
man, and go to be promoted over the wees? Judgis.

Byreafonofthc_/(i(wf/iandheavinefsof thcgiound,
Egypt did not produce metals, wood, pitch, and fomc
fruits. Arbuthnot.

5. Fertility; fruitfulnefs.

God give thee of the dew of heaven, and thc/«f-
mfs of the earth, and plenty of corn and wine.

Gtn. xxvii. zS.

6. That which caufes fertility.

When around
The clouds itn^ fatnrfs, in the middle (ky.
The dew fufpendcd (laid, and left tuimoift '

The execrable glebe. Thilift.

i

F A U

Vap«uri imi clouds feed the j^atrls ef the ewth
with the bitim of dews and xhzfatwfs of Ihowers.

Beatley,

To Fatten, t. a. [fromfai.l

1 . To feed ; to make ficlhy ; to plump with
fat.

Frequent blood-letting, tn fnull quantities, oftttx
increali:th the force of the organs of digclhon, and
fattenetb tnd inereafeth the diltcmper. Arbuthnot..

2. To make fruitful.

Town of ftuffioy^i//M land. Lib, Londinenjtt^
D-we not, on thy life,
Touch aught of mine;
This falchion elfe, not hitherto withftood,
Thefe ho(tile(ielJs(hall_/rf//M with thy blood, bryd,

3. To feed groflv; to increafe.

Obtccne Orontcs
Conveys his wealth to Tyber's hungry fhores,
Ani fatteat haly with foreign whores. Drydm.

Tt> Fa'tten. t: rt. [itom fat.~\ To grow
fat ; to be pampered ; to grow ftefhy.

All agree to fpoil the puMick good.
And \\\\iinifitteft with the brave mati's labour.

Otivay,

Apollo check'd my pride, and bade me feed
^•j fatt* nitig fioclc^, nor dare beyond the reed.

Drydtn.

Yet then this little foot of earth well tiU'd,
A num'rous family with plenty fillM,
The good old man and thrifty houfewife fpent
Their days in peace, and_/Jr/r«V/ with content;
Enjoy'd the dregs of life, and \Wi to fee
A long-dcfcendiiig healthful progeny. Brydcn,

Tygers and wolves (hall in the ocean breed,
The whale and dolphiny»>"e» on the mead.
And every element exchange its kind.
When thriving hone(ty in courts we find. GramMlle,

FA'lUOUS. adj. [/«/«w, L.ttin.]

1. Stupid; fooliih ; feeble of mind.

We pity or laugh at thofe fatuotis extraragants,
while yet ourfelves have t, contideraUe doTe of what
makes them fo. Ghn,

2. Impotent; without force; illufory; al-
luding to an ignis fatuiis.

And when that flame finds combuflible earth,
ThtaafatuQUs fires and meteor take their birth.

D<nham,
Fatu'ity. It. f. [fatuite, French; from
fatuoii!.'] Foblilhnefs; wcaknefs of mind;
morbid feeblenefs of intelleft.

It had argued a very fhort fight of things, anl
extreme y^/tf/Vv of mind in me, to bind my own
hands at their requeft. AT. Charles.

Thefe fymptoms were fo high in fome as to pro-
duce a fort oi fatuity of madnefs. Arbuthnot on Air,

Fa'twitted. adj. [fat a.nAiuit.~\ Heavy;
dull; ftupid.

Thou art io fattxiittcd with drinkin; old fack,
and unbuttoning thee after fuppcr, and (Iccping upoa
benches in the afternoon, that thou haft forgotten.

ahakeffeare's Henry IV,

Fa'tty. adj. [from/Cj/.] Unftuous; olea-
ginous ; greafy ; partaking of the nature
of fat.

The like cloud, if oily or fatty, will not dif-
charge; not becaufe it (licketh falter, but becaufe air
preycth upon water, and flame and fire upon oil.

Bacon's Natural Hifltry.
The gourd
And thirfty cucumber, when they perceive
Th' approaching olive, witli rcfentment fly
Her fatty fibres, and with tendrils creep
Divcrfe, detefting contatt. Philift.

The common fymptoms of the muriatick fcurry
are, » faline t.ifte in the I'piltle, and a lixivial urine,
fometimcs with a fatly fubOancc like a thin ffcin

a-top.

Arbuthnot on Aliments.

Fa'ucet. 71. f. [fatijjet, French; fauces,
Latin.] The pipe inferred into a veffcl
to give vent to the liquor, and flopped
upoy a peg or fpigot. It is fometimes
improperly wtMtn fojpt.
You wtFCout a joodwiiflleforat forenooa it> hearing

a caufe

F A U

• nufe li<tween sn orange-wife ind a JiJel-ft\leT,
and adjouraeil a contiDTcrfy of three peace to a fe-
cond audience. SbakiJ^eare.

\i you are fen't down to d w drink» and tind it
will not run, blow ftrongly into the /iuietl, and it
will immediately pourtnio your mouth. Svji/l.

Fa'uchion. »./. [See Falchion.] A
crooked fvvord.

A (lately tomb, whofe top a trumpet bore ;
A {o\i\tx* if uuchhK, and a teaman's oar. DryJtn.

FA'UFEL. n. /. [French.] The fruit of a

fpecies of the palm-tree.
Fa VILLOUS, adj. [faruilU, Latin-} Con-
£Aing of a(hes.

As <e fortelling of llranjer?, from the iangoai
yuticles about the wicks of the candJc, ii only fig^
nihcih a nwiltair about (hem, hindering the avola-
tion of light and AK/avilkut particles. Brrwn.

Fa'ulcon. "1 c,- f Falcon.
Fa'olconry. / \ Falconry.

FAULT. »./. [fau, fault, French j fettar,
to be deficient, Spanifh. The / it fome-
time founded, and fometimes mute. In
converfation it is generally fuppreffed.]
I. Ofience; Hight crime; fomewhAt liable
to ccnfure or objeAion.

The prophet chufeth raihcr to charge them with
theyia/r of malcing a law unto ihiemrclves, than the
(rime of traolgrclTinga law which Cod had made.

Hookrr,

He find* no _^/r with thdropinion about the true

Cod, but only that it wai not clear and diftind

(poagh. SilU'mgJIeti.

He that but conceirei a crime in thought.
Contra^ the danger of an »&ot\/jutt :
Then what mull he expe«fl that Ihll proceeds
7o commit fio, and work up thoughts to deeds t

DryJen.

If you like not n^ poem, the/nu/l may poflibly be

sa my writing; but more probably 'lis ia your mo*

rals, which cannot bear the truth of it. Drydtn.

They wholly miftake the nature of crilicifm, who

dank its bufinefs it principally to f\ai faatb. Uryd.

To be defirous of a good name, and careful to do

everything, that we innoccnily may, toobtaln it, is

fo far from being a fault, even in private perfsns,

tfaM it ii ibcir great and indifpenfable duty.

AtUrhury*
Before his facred name flies ey'ryfauit.
And each exalted flanza teems with thought. Pipe.
Which of our thrum-cap'd anceftors found faitit.
For want of fugar-tongs, or fpoons for fait i Kirtg.
Being void of all fricndlhip and enmity, they
■ever complain, nor faiif.r.ih with the limes. Sviift.
a. Defeft ; want ; abfence.

I could tell to ihee, as to one it pleafei me, for

.^«// of a better, to call my friend, 1 could be fad,

and fad indeed too. Stakrfftme.

3. Puzzle ; difficulty : as, the enquinr is at

a fault.
ToFault. t;. ». [from the noun.] To be
wrong; to fail.

Which moved hrm rather in ecloguea than other-
wife to write, mindisg to furnilh our tongue in this
kind wherein wfaulteth. Sptn/ir.

7« Fault, •v.a. To charge with a fault ;
to accofe.

For that I will natfatli thee.
But for humblenefi eihaull thee. 0/JSairg.

Fa'u lt e r. »./. [fmm fault ] An offender ;
one who commits a fault.

Then (he, behrld the/au/irr here in fight;
This hand committed that fuppofed offence.

FA'ui.TFiKDrR. »./, [>«// and/W.y a"

cenfurer ; an objeftor.
FA'uLTILt. adv. [from faulty.] Not

fightiv; improperly; defectively; erro-

neoufly.

Fa'oltinisj. »./. [inm faulty."]

I. fiadneiii; vitioufiioTj; cvii difpofition.

F A V

When Iter judgment was to be praflifeJ in know.
ing_/i»///>Tr/i by his firft tokens, (he was like a young
fawn, who coming in the wind of the hunten, doth
not know whether it be a thing or no to be efchewed,

Sidney,

2. Delinquency; aftual offences.

The inhabitants will not take it in evil part, that
they,;«/r/(r^ of their people heretoiore is laid open. .

Hook€7\

Fa'u LTL ESS. <a^'. [from /««//,] Exempt
from fault; perfeft; completely excellent.

Where for our li<is he/nlilt/s futfer'd pain,
There where he died, and wbeie he liv'd again.

Fairfax.

Who durft thy fMliiefi (igure thus deface ! Diyd.

Whoever thinks afjultlefi piece to fee,

TMnks what ne'er was, nor is, nor ne'er (hall be.Pi/w.

Fa'ultt. adj. [fauJif.Yrench.homfau/l J

1. Guilty of a fault ; blameable ; criminal ;
not innocent.

I'he Jtiog doth fpcak u one which 'uf.ui/tji, a Sam,
Can thus
Th' image of Cod in man, created once
So goodly and ercfl, thou^hfju/ly fuicc !
To fuch unfigbtly fufFerings be debac'd I' Milton.-

2. Wrong ; erroneous.

The torm of polity by them fct down for per-
petuity, is three ways _/<iv/(^; fau/iy ia omiuiog
feme things which in Sciipture are of that nature,
as, namely, thediBirence that ought to beof paftors,
when they grow to any great multitude; faulty in
re<)uiring doctors, deacons, and widows, as things of
perpetual iieceflity by the law of God, which in
truth is nothing lefs ; faulty alfo in urging fome
things by Scripture muuble, as their laj- elders.

3. Defeftive ; bad in any refpeft ; not fit
for the ufc intended.

By accident of 1 faulty helmet that Parker had on,
he was ftricken into the mouth at the firft courfe. To
that he died prefently. Bannt Henry VII.

n FA'VOUR. -v. a. [far.;eo, Latin.]

1. To fupport; to regard with kindnels ;
to be propitious to ; to countenance.

Of all the race of (ilver-wiogcd flies
Was none more favourable, nor more fair,

Whilft Heaven AM favour his felicities.
Than Clarion, the eldeft fon and heir
Of Muftarol. Spenfer.

The fame goda that arm'd the queen of Troy,
Miy favour Tamora the queen of Coths. Sbakeff.

Mtii favour wonders. Haccn'i Natural Hijlory.

toTtvne (o favoured him, that the town at his
firft coming furrendcrtj unto him. KittJlei.

The good j'Eneas am I call'd ; a name.
While foKWax favour' d, not unknown to fame.

J^ryden.

Oh happy youth I and jCrvowr'i/ of the (kies,
Diftinguifh'd care of guardian deities. Pofe'xOdyJJey.

2. 7 o aflift with advantages or conveniences.

No one place about it it weaker than another, to
favour an enemy in hit approaches. Add fori.

3. To referable in feature.

The porter owned that the gentleman favoured
his mafter. SfeSfalor.

4. To conduce to ; to contribute.
Fa'vour. n.f. {fefvor, Latin ; fnvetir, Fr.]
I. Countenance; kindnefs ; kind regard;

propitious afpeft : with of before the fa-
vourer.

It pleas'd your majefty to turn your looks
Of favour from myfell, and aU our boufc. Shake/.

'ITie child Samuel was \n favour, both wtrh the
LorJ and alio with mm. i .V.jiit. ii. a6.

They got not the laud by their own fword ; but
thy right hand and thine arm, and the light ot ihv
countenance, becaufe thou haft i/aviur unto them.

Pf. xliv. J.

Hit dreadful navy, and his lovely mind.
Cave him the fear inifavour of mankind. IVallir.

This favour had it been employed on a more

delerving fubjetll, bad been an elfetl of juftice in

your nature; but, ai placed on me, it only charity.

DrjiUa't Aumg-sxbi, Preface.

2. Support; defence ; vindication's inclina-
tion to favour : with o/" before the thing
favoured. •

The pleafures which thefe Scripture; afcribe ta

religion, are of a kind very different from thole in

. favour of which th«y are here allodged. Rogeri.

At play, among ftrangers, we are apt to find our

hopes and wilhes eugaged on 3 fudden infivour of

, one fide more than another.

They were invited from all parts for the ufe of
kings, princes, and minifters. And in (hort, th&
favour of learning was the humour and mode of
theage. Templ^, ,

3. Kindnefs granted ; benevolence flicwn. '• '-

All favoun and punilhments patitd by him, all
ofF.ces aud places of importance w^te diilributeito
his favourites. . Sidney.

The race is not to the f«W, nor ye' favour to
men of (kill. ■ Ecct.'xx. ij,

O, my royal mailer !
The gods, inyit/niii toyou, made her *rueT. Plil/ifr.'

4. Lenity; inildnefs; mitigation of puniiti-^
ment. '

I could not difcaver the lenity ix\d. favour of thi»
fcntence; but conceived it rather to he rigorous than
senile- ,,. ^Swift.

y. Leave; griod will; pardon-,..-; . ,-...

Worthy Macbeih, we Hay upon your leifure,
— Givemeyour/iww; lay dull hrain was wrought
With tbings forgot. Siakefpeare.

Yet ere we enter into open ail,
Withy^j«r, 'twere no lofs if't might be enquit'i, '
Wh.nttheconditions o\ tht-fc .inns would he.B.Janfoit. •'

Come down, fiid Reynard, let us treat of peace :
A peace, with all my foul, faid Chanticleer; ^

But, with your/uiK»i-, I will treat it here. Dryden, :

6. Objed of favour; pcrfon or thing {z,
[ vourcd.

All thefe his wonj'rous works, but chiefly man-,
His chief delight nai favour ; him, for whom
All thefe his works fo wood 'rous heotdain'd. Milton.

7. Something given by a Lidy to be worn. '

And evrry one his lovcfuit will advance
Unto his feveral midrefs, which they'll know
My favour! feveral which they did bellow. Shakefp.

It is received that it helpeth to continue love, if
one wear the hair of the party beloved ; and per-
haps a glove, or other like favour, may as well do
it. Bacon's Natural Hijiory.

A blue ribliand lied round the fwordarm, I con-
ceive to be the remains of that cullom ol wearing 4
millrefs'sy^jt^oar on fuch occafi'jns of old. Speliator.

8. Any thing worn openly as a token.

Here, Fluellen, wear tliou this fivour foe me,
and (lick it in thy cap. Shakefp. tlenryW.

g. Feature ; countenance. It is now little
ufed;

That h onljr faitabk in hying a foul complexion
upon a (ilthyyii/0*r, fetting forth both in (luttilh-
nefS" Sidney,

Young though thou art, thine eye
Hath (laid upon fome favour that it loves. Shakrfp,
Difli^at jhyyawai- with an ufuipcd beard. Shai,
There's no guodnefs in thy face : if Antony
Be frte and healthful, why (f> tart ^favour
To trumpet fuch good tidings >. Shak: Anl. andCh op.

Yet well I remember

'Vhe favours of thefe men : were they not mine .'

Did they not fometimerry, all hail ! tome? St^ak,

A youth of iiaefj-vour and Ihape. Bacon,

By their virtuous behaviour they compcnface the

I hardnefio! their favour, and by the pulchritude of

, their fouls make up w{ut is wanting in the beauty of

their bodies. South.

Ka'vo u r a l l e . adj. IfaiterabU, French ;
, frrvoraiilis , Latin.]
ii.Ki.-5 J.; pojJittous; aflfWlionate.
FSmnus l'Jani.igenei ! moll gracious prince,
\.e\\i favourable ear to our reqUclls. Sh.ikefp. R. IIT.'

2. Palliajivc; tender; avcrfc from cenfure!

None can h.ive the fivoutalle ihoiifht,
That to obey 3 tyrant's wiil t'lty f >ijg).t. Dryden,

3. Cgndacive to ; contributing to ; propi-
tious. . , )

People are multiy'ifd in a conrttr/ by the tfinper

»(

FrhY

of t)ie cKmatCi/it'tbrdMr te |eaentlM, httltb,
srd long life. \ T^lmfU.

ij.' >\ccommodat«; convenieirt; ' ' ' '' ' .'

Many good officers were wiling to ftarf' tWi*', 'm
a fine vtrf favoumiU for tliC making Icvici of

5. Beautiful; well favoured ; well featured.
Obfolete.

Of all rtie race of filve'r-winged flies
Wliich do pollelt the empire of the airi
Was none morcJavpiirtt6/g^ nor more fair.
Than Clarion the cldeft fon and heir
01 Mufcarol. ^penfer.

iFA'vouRTiBLENESs. »./. [iiovciftrvMrable,^ .

Kindnefs ; benignity.
Fa'vourably, ad'v. [from faveumblf.']
Kindly ; with favour ; . with tendcrnefs ;
with kind regard.

Touching aflions of common life, there it not any
defence-morcyijxvtfra^/)' heard than tlieiis who allege
fincercly for themiclvcj, that they did as neceflity
conftrained them. llooicr.

She goeih about feeking fufh as are worthy of her,
and flieweth herfelf favourably unto them in the
ways. IVifd.-n.

The violent will condemn the charafler of Ab-
falom, ai cither- Kao favourably or too hardly drawn.

Drydttt.

TVe are naturally inclined.to think_/JvoKnii/y of

thofe we love. Rogrrt.

Ta-'vo u R e u. participial adj. [itom fa'Vjiur.^

1. Regarded with kindnefs.

Olt with fomeyrff oar'^ traveller they ftray, ■
And fhine before him all the defert way. Pope:
X. [From favour, the noun.] Featured.
Always conjoined witli ivcU or ill.

01 her there bred
A thoufand young ones, which flie daily fed ;
Sucking upon her poifonous dugs, each one
Offundry ihape, yetall illfuvour'd. Fairy Siatert.
The/yV-Zatw/ffi/andlcuii-llelhcd kine did cat up
the feven •well -f avowed mi fat kine. Gcn^lis.

Ta'vouredi.y. ad'v. [(tom favauKd.'\ Al-
ways joined with ivetl or ill, in a fair
or foul way; with good or bad appear-
ance.

Ta'vourer. »./. [ from y<rvci»r.] One who
favours ; one who regards with kindnefs
ortendemefs; a well-wiflier ; a friend.

■ If we (hould upbraid (hem with irreligious, as
they do OS with fuperftiticusyjv3»«/-i, the anfwer
which herein they would make us, let them spP'/
unto tliemfelves. Hooktr.

Do I not know you for t favourer.

Of this new feft ? ye are not found. SIsak. Hrn-V\ 1 1.

Being BOW a favourer 10 the Briton . Shalt'ff.

Conjure their friends they had, labour for more,

Solicit all reputed_/j^'«Ki-rri. Daniel's Ciiil ll'ar.

All i\\t favourers of m.igickwcre the moft |)iokll

and bitter enemies to the Chiilliaii religion, ^ddifjit.

Ta'vourite. n.f. [firvaril ,Jin;ctit^,VKnch;

favorila, Italian.]
1. A perfon or thing beloved ; one regarded
with favour; any thing in which plea Aire
is taken ; that which is regarded with
particular approbation or afFcftion.

F.very particular mailer in criiicifm lias his fa-
^curile paHbges in an author. AdJifi^rt's -Sprflaior.

So fathers fpeak, pcrfuafive fpeccli aiiJ mild !
Their fage experience to ihefav'riie child. Pope.

X. One diofcji as a companion by a fu-
periour; a mean wretch whofe whole
bufinefs is by any means to pleafc.

All flours and punillimenls paHed by him, all
ofijtcs .ind places of importance were dillributcjl to
tth favcurilrt. Sidmy.

J was a Thcflalian gentleman, who, by mifchaiice,

■ fiaviiiR killed i favourite of the piiriic of that
<oun'ry> "''' purl'ued fo cruelly, that in no place
1.ut by t.»vour or corruption tlicy would obtain my
4tIlrudion. Si ney.

F A. vr

Tlif |re»l man donvn, you raarli, hli/ii/r^/r ftl««l

j The raor aJvinc'd, nukes iticndjafenemiei, ^kak,
\ Bid her (leal into the pladied bower,, '
j Where honej-tucklesiifeu'd by the funi
! Forbid the fun to emn; like io_/.rivKi/V«,
I Made proud by prineos that aiv^iif e iheir ^irjdtl
. Agjinft thjt power that bred it. ' Sbikefftare.
iNothing is more vigilant, nothing more jealous
'. than i favorite, efpccially towards the wainlhg time,
and fufiKtl of faliety. H'ottoa.

This man was very capable of being a great _^-
vourit! to a gre.»t king, Clarindon.

Whttfav'ritet gain and what the nation owes.
Fly the torgetful worldv Pofe^

Fa'vouIiless. adj, [fromyafoKr.]
I. Unfavoured ; not regarded with kind-
nefs ; having no patronage ; without-
countenance."
z. Unfavouring; unpropitioos.

Of that goddefs I have fought the fight.
Yet no where can her find ; fucji h.ippinefs
Heaven doth me envy, and {ottvaefa-fourlefi.

Fairy ^eea,

^■a'usev. v.f. A fort of large eel.

He left the wave to walh ;
; The wave fprung entrails, about which faufexi and
other filh
Did fliole. Chaptttjn*s Iliads.

Fa'ussebraye. ». /. A fmall mount of
earth, four fathom wide, erefted on the
level round the foot of the rampart, to

; fire upon the enemy, when he is fo far

i advanced that you cannot force him back ;
and alfo to receive the ruins which the

I CAt^apns make in the body of the place.
; ;^.i; , '. .. ' : '' ' '-.' ' Harris.

Fa^utor. n.f. [Latiii ;;y2ra//'«r, French.]
Favourer; countenancer ; fupporter.

I am neither author oryixw/<»r of any fei^: 1 will
have no man addict hiinicU tonic; but if I have
any thing right, defend it as truths, not mine.

J ; BenjfitKfon.

The new mountain in the Lucrine lake, which

' is alleged, by the yi;w/orj of this opinion, as an in-

ftance in behalf of it, was not raifcd thus. Wtodzu.

Fa'utress. n.f. [faiitri.x, Latin; fautrice,

French.] A woman that favours, or fliows

countenance.

It made him pray, and prove

Mineiva's aid \\\%fautrejs ftill, Chapmart* s Iliads.

He comes from banijhment to the faulrrfs of

liberty, from the barbarous to the polite. Garth.

F^AWN. v.f. [faarr, French, from fats, in

the old French a child, probably from

iiifaiis, Latin.] A young deer.

Lookir.g my lovT, 1 go from place to place.
Like a youngyiiifn that late hath loil llic hind ;

And feck each where, where latt I faw her face,

Whofe image yet I carry frclh in mind. Spenfer.

The buck is called the firft year a fawn, the fc-

cond year a pricket. Sh.ikrfp. Lo've's Labour Loji.

The colt hath about four years of growth ; and fo

theyir^t;«, and fo the calf, haccn's N.ifuralllijiory.

Who for thy table feeds the wantony^.Ti'?;,
For him as kindly fpreads the flow'ry lawn. Pope.

To FAWN. "v. n. [of uncertain original.
Perha}« a contraftion of the French /a//-
fa>i, a term of fondnefs for children.]

1. To coast by frlfking before one; as a
dog.

The dog (Iraight/awaci/ upon his mailer for old-
knowledge. Sid'.ey.

Holding Corioli in the name of Rome,
Kvcii like ayj-w/f/ff^ greyhound. Shakefpeare.

2. To court by any means. U fed by animals.
Inftcad thereof he kifs'd her weary tVst,

And lick'd her lily hands v,iihffu'i:itig tongue.
As he her wrong'd innocence did wcct. /•'.i/y i^ieen.
Is it not llratige that a rational man Ihould wurlhip
an ov .* that he fhould ^r-rt-n upon his dog? bow
himfelf bclorc a cat? and adore leeks »cd garlick ?

Heuti.

L

PE At

5. To court fervilely.

My love, forbear to fartm upon tlielr ftawai j
What danger or what forrow can bctall thcc,
, So long as Kdward is thy conftant friend ? Shok^f,
And thou, fly hypocrite, who now wauld'ft be 1 -•
Fatron of liberty, who more than ihou
' OdctfaTvu'J,. and cting'd, and fervilely ador'4 .
I Heav'ni awful monarch) Milttsi'iParadfeL'ft,
Whom Ancus follows, .with ifaivaixg air ;
But vain within, and proudly popular. Drydm,

Dent'rous the cni\n^ faivning crown to quit.
And pleat'd to *lcap4 from flattery to wit. Fopit

4. To bring forth a fawn.

Fawn. »,/. A fervile crijige ; lowEattCff,

You will rather flicw our gentle lowts ---i

. How you can frown, than fpend ifav>x upoa rherv

For the inheritance of their loves. Sbakefp. Coriot,

4a'wner. n.f. [from _/^/Tiw.] One that
fawns ; one that pays fervile courifliip. r
, By foftnefs of bthaviour w« have arrived at the
' appellation o^fa'wneri. ■ Speflator,

FaVhikGLy. o/r. [itom fawn.y In**
' cringing fervile way. .'

Fa'xep. adj. [from pxr, Saxon, iuur.j
' Hairy. Now obfolete.

; They could call a-comet i faxed ftar, which is all
one with Itella crinita, or cometa, Camden'i Rem,

Fay. fi./. [fee, French.]
I. A fairy; an elf.

And the yellow-fkirted/jjix
Fly after tlie night Heeds, .

Leaving their moon-lov'd maze. Mlliont

' Ye fylphs and fylphiJs, to )0ur chilf give ear; ,
Fays, fairies, genii, elves, and demons h;ar ! Pipe.

z. (From/oi, French.] Faith. Wholly od-
folete.

Their ill 'haviour garr^s men miflay, •'

Both of their dudrinc and their^iv. Spen/er.

Fe'aberry. «./. [grojliilaria.] A goofc-

bcrry. i^'V?.'

'To Fe AGUE. 'V. a. [GoTver ufes To feige, for

to cenfure ; fig"i, German, to fweep ;

fylen, Dutch, to ftrike.] To whip ; to

chaftife ; to beat.

Fe'altv. n.f. [feaiilill, French.] Duty

due to a fuperiour lord ; fidelity to a

mailer; loyalty.

I am in parliament pledge for his truth,
' And lalling_/><»/ry to the new made king. Shak^

Let my lovereign
' Command my cldeit fon, nay all my fons,
As pledges of my fealty and love. Shakefp. Hemy IV,

Man dilobeying,
iDilloyal, breaks his /ra^v, and (ins
j Agaiiift the high lupremacy of Heav'n. Milloit^ .
• . Each bird and beall behold
' After their kinds: I bring them to receive
' From thee tlieir names, and pay thecycj/zy
Wijhlowfulijedion. , l>tiiton'sP.iradlf,Lof}.

Whether his firft defign be (o withdraw
Our A'.i/y from Cod, or to dillurb
Conjugal love. Miliou'sParadiftl.oJt,

FEAR. v.f. [peapan. Sax. to fear; fai'r,
Dut. feahk, Erfe.]

1. Dread; horrour; painful apprehenGon
of danger.

Fear is an unealinefs of the miod, upon the
though t of future evil likely to befa! us. Ls,eke.

Trcmblinpyetf;' lliil to and t'ro did fly,
And found no place where lafe flic ftirond him might.

7 i?/Vv ^ueert.

For fear was upon them, bccaufe of the people of

thoTe cou.-Atrics. F.xra, in. 3.

What then remains ? Are »■« depriv'd of will?

i Mull we not wifli, ioxfearoi wiihiiig ill. Drydrtt,

Feiv, in general, is that paliioii of our nature

whereby we are excited to provide for our fecuriiy

, upon the approach of csih Rogers.

2. Awe; tlcjeition of mind at the prefence
I of any perfon or thing ; terrourimprcflfcd :
' with c^ before that whitJi impreilcth.

And

F E A

And the ftar if you, «nd th« imi of you
Biall be upon every beali. Gm. ii. i.

3. Anxiety; foHcitude.

The principal_/>ji w« wr tlie holy temple. Mac.

4. That which caufes fear.

Antony, (Uy not by hii (ide :
Thy demon, that's the Ipirit that keeps thee, is
Noble, courageous, high, unmatchable,
Where Cifar's is not; but near him, thy ans':!
Becomes iftar, as bein ■ ovtrpow'i 'd. Slakire

5. ITie objeft of fear. ■"^'

Except tlie God of Abraham and thc/-«»- of haac
had been with mc. Crn. xxiti. 42.

6. Something huag up to fcare deer by its
coloor or noife.

He who fleeth from the irolfe of t\\t fritr (hall
fall into the pit, and he that cometh up out of the
midft of the pi: flnll be takea in (he fnare.
_ , r „ -(/". ixiv. 18.

Fear. n.f. [peopa, Saxon.l A compartion.
Obfolete.

But fair ClariOa to a lovcly/j-#r
Wai linked, and by him had ma.iy pledges dear.
_, _ r Fairy i^ter.

YoFear. w. fl, [peapa, Saxon,]
t. To drcid; to confider with appre-
hcnfions of terrour; to be afraid of.

Now ibr my life, HorMnfioyfar/ his widow.
Then nevrr truif me if 1 be afraid.
— You arc very fenfible, yet you mifs my fenfc ;
I mean Horteufiois afraidof you. :ibakrfhnrt.

Tafrar the foe, fince fear opfrelTeth ftrengih,
Civcs, in your weak nefs, llrengi!i unto your ;oe.

Sbakrff>/arc'i Rhbjrd II
Thrre ihall rife up a kingdom, and it Iball be
/tared above all (he kingdoms bclorc it

lii. I J

F E A

Ajainft fuch monfters God mainlainfd his own,
"//"'A^cieculian or eJtrjoidinary judgment upon

What Cod did com.-nand touching Canaan, con-
cerneth not us any otherwile than only as a/r-ai/w
pattern ot his juft difpleafure. H-j-er.

Al! torment, trouble, wonder, and amaicment.
Inhabits here: fome h»av 'nly power guide us
Uurof thisy>j»/i,/ country.

It is zft.nful thing to fal
living God.

Lay4ohrnbytl!ofc pleifures the/^j^a/and'dJ'n-
gerous thunders and lightnings, the horrible and Ire-
querit earth-juakn, and then there will be found no
companion. Ralri^h

I his !s the natural fruit of fin, and the pefont
revenge which it takes upon tinners, bclides thai
y<-jyK/punilhment which lliall be infliacd on them
in another lile.

Shakrff.
all into the hands of the
Hrb.

Tillof/i^n

lEfJ,
When I view the beauties of thy face,
I /ca/- not death, nor dangers, nor Jilgrace.
_ p. . O'lA/r.

2. To fright; to terrify; to mgke afraid.
The inhabitants, being/r.rrd/with the S(Mniard>
landing and burning. Bed Iroia iheir dwellings.

Carem.
We mmft not make a fcarecrow of the law.
Setting it up inftur ihe birds of prey. Shakcfb.

Some, fiitiug on the hatcSen would fcem there.
With hideous %tiia%, Xo/iar away fear. Dubhc
TiiFbar. -r. «.

1. To live in horrour; to be afraid.

Well you mty/ijr too for.
— Safer than tnilt too far:
Let me ftitl take away the arms I fear,
Nor fear ftill to be harm'd. Sbakrfp.

If any fuch be here, if any fear
Lefi for his perfon than an ill report j
If any think brave death outweiglu bad life. Skik.
2. To be anxious.

Then lot the greedy mftchant/rjc
For hii ilUgoticn gain j
And pray to gods that will not hear.
While the debating winds and billows b»jr
Hi, wealth into the main. Dryden't ILrace,

■See, pious king, with difTrent lirilc.
Thy rtruggling Albion's bofom torn i
So much fhe/'arj for William's li(e.
That Mary's :aic (he dare not mourn. Prii,r

Yz'k*. r V I., ajj. [jTrar and /«//.]

1. Timorous; timid; eafily made afnid.

He 's gentle, and n<A fearful. Hhakefp.

1 hem that a.e of ayi-jr/v/heart. Ifalub

2. Afraid. It has t/" before the objed of
fear.

The lri(h are man fearful to offend the law than
fhetnjiilh. Duvi.l.n Ireland.

■ ■. "f."/ "*'' '^^"'mt fearful of dealh, which
neither Calfandra nor Cleopatra wouU have been.

A r 1 ( Urydfn,

3. AwJul; to be reverenced.

Who it like thee, glorious in hdinefi, fearful in
P"*f"'. E,,du..

^. Terrible; dreadful; frightful; imprelT-
ine fear.
I^ither faft to friend, nm fearful tf, {ot, Aftham.

1' E A R F u L L y . a/t.-. [from fearful.'\

I. Timoroufly; in fear,
rv -s In fuch a night

Did Thilbe/'./r/i,/^ o'citrip the dew,
A:idfaw tht lion's Ihadow. Shakefb

I. Terribly; dreadfully.

Thero is a cliff, whole high and bending head
LooV.'! fearfully on the conHncd deep. Shake/p.

l-t ARFULNtss. w.y; [from/-,7l/«/.]
I. Timtniromfiiefs ; haljitnal timidity,
z State of being afraid; awe; dread.

it is credible that the acknowledgement of our
own unworthiiiefs, our prolellcd /«r/«/w// to alk
anything, othcrwile than only lor his lake to whom
Ood can deny nothing, thjl this (hould be noted
lor a popilh crrour > Hotker.

A third thing that makes a go»emment julUy
<ic\fiiei a jearfuUef, ol, and mean comphances
With, bold (wpular oUcnders. SaUtb

i e'arl ESSL V. ad-v. [itova ffarleft.] With
out terrour; intrepidly.

'Ti« matter of the greateltallonifliment toobferve

the Itupid, yet common boldnefs 01 men, who lb

JurlrJIy expofe tlicmfclves to this moll formidable

.."'I*""- Decay of Piety.

Fearlessness »./. [from/for/^>.J Ex-
emption from fear; intrepidity; cou-
rage; boldncfa.

He gave inrtanccs of an invincible courage, and
/Mr/r/«/, in danger. Clareudui.

Fearless. aJJ. [from /far.] Free
fear; intrepid; courageoun; bold,
cf before the fobjcft.

From the ground (hefrarfrft doth arlfe.
And walketh forth without fulpc<aof crime.

Fa!ty Slueen.

The flaming fefaph, fearle/t, though alone
Encompafs'd round with foei, thus anfwer'd bold.

A nation, whole diftinguilhing charafler it is to
be mortfearleft of death and danger than any other.
_ Temple,

FEASiBi'LiTr. n. /. [itom fia/iblc.]

1. Prafticability.

2. A thing praclicible.

Men often fwallow falfities for truths, dubiofitisi
for certainties, potTibiliiiet iorfeafbUhiet, and things
impoffible for poflibiliiics ihcmfelv-j.

BrolvH't Fulttr Erraurt.

FE'ASIBLE. adj. Ifa.fiiU, French.] Prac-
ticable ; fuch as may be effected; fuch as
may be dune.

We conclude nuny thing* impoffibilities, which
jrct are nh feaficilei. Clanvllle't Sceffti.

Things are_/>.^<i/» in ihemfclvesi elfe the elcrual
wifdom of God would never have advifed, and much
Iris have commanded them.

Fe'asibly, adv. [from feaftblr \
ticably.

FEA.ST. ». /. \fejie, French

Latin.]
I. An entertainment of the tabic;

tuous treat of great numbers,

from
with

South.

Pnic-
fijliim,

a Aimp-

F E A

Here's our cliief guei>. If he had fcjin for'ottfn,
It had been as a gap in our great /f,y?r Shai^Jp.

On Pharaoh's birth day he made a/my? unto all
his fervants. (;,.„ j| j^

The lady of the haf oidain'd .!/-,7/?,
And made the lady of the How'r her "uel>;
When lo! a bow'r afcended oti the plain,
Wri.h ludden feats ordain'd, and large for either train.

A . - Or ■/den,

• An anniverfary day of rejoicing euher
on a civil or religious occafion. Oppofed
to 3 faj. ^'^

This day ij call'd the/ a/? of Crlfpia:.. Ski(//j,,
3. Something delicious to the palate.

Many people would, with reiK.n, prVfcr the'
griping <>{• an hungry belly to th.ifc diTAcs which Sic
aA-yf to others. j^^i._

Jo Peast. f, »•. [ffom the noun ] To
eat fuinptuoufiy ; to eat together on a day
ol joy.

Richard and Northumberland, great frierd--,
Did reaff together. X6atf/p

The parilh rinds, indeed; but ourcliurch-viaraeiis

ings. Gay.

Feajl on the lilver, and give us the fartli
To Feast i}. a,

I. To entertain fumptuouny ; to entertain
magnificently.

He was entertained and feafled by the king wiift
great lho« of favour. Hayward.

i. To delight; to pamper; to gratify lux-
urioufly.

.Ml thefe arc our's, all nature's excellence,
Whofe tafte or fmcU can biefs the/f.i/W fenfe.

Diyjetf.

Fe'aster. «?. /. [from feafl,]

1. One that fares dellciuuily,

Thofe feajlcrs could fpcak of great and msny
exccllencici in mann.t. Taylor,

2. One that entertains magnificently.

Fe'aSTFUL. m//. \fellflMifull,] .

I. FelHve; joyful.

The virgins alio Ihall tm frajlful iv^%
Vifit his tomb with flowei-s, only bewailing
His lot unfortunate in nuptial ciioicc,
From whence captivity and lofs of eyes. Miltan,

Therefore be furc
Thou, when the bridegroom with his/a/f/V/ friend,
PaiTes to blifs at the mid-hour of night.
Hall gain'd thy entrance, virgin wife and pure.

Milton,

2. Luxurious; riotous.

The fuitor train
•Vho crowd his palace, and wiih lawlefspow'r
His herds and flocks mfaftful rites devojr. /'i/i'.
Fe'astriie. ». /. [/yt/? and r/ri- J Cuf-
tom obferved in entertainments.

His hofpitable gate,
Unbarr'd to all, in.itcs a numerous train
Of daily guclb; whofe board with plenty crown'di
Revives x\\t. fcajlriiei old. Philibs.

Feat. n.J. [fiii, French.]
I. Ad; deed; aflion; exploit.
Pryoclcs ia his name, renoc ned faf
For hisbold/arj, and hardy omfidcnce ;
Full oft approved in many a t ruel war. Fahy £^

Tarijuin's fslf he met,
And flruck him on his knee ; in that dty'sfats.
When he might aift the woman in the fcciie,
He prov'd the beft man 1' th' field. Khakffp,

Our fuidiers are men of fir»n^ heads for aflion,
and perform fucli/j(j as they arc not able tocxprefs.
Addifaii't SpiHato'.

2. A trick ; an artful, feflive, or ludicrous
performance.

The joints are more fupple to»11/j/tof aflniiy

aod motion in youih than alierwaids.
Kf.at adj. [fnif, hicii fatt, French

fadui ad Hiigmnf. ]
I. Ready; fkilful ; ingenioy;.
Never marter had

A pa^ fo kind, fo duteous, diligent j

So lender cv«r hit ocgrfions, tme.

h''>n

So

TEA

SoyJdf, fo nurfe-like. Shah/feare's Cymhtllne.

s. It is now only ufed in irony and con-
tempt.
That/M/ mill it controvcrfjr. Stillingjleci.

3, Nice; neat.

I^ook how well my garments fit upon me,
Much/cater thai) before. Sbahff-raiv'i Trmp'fl-

Fe'ateous. <idj. [from /<•«/•] iScat;

dexterous. Obfolete.
Fe'ateouslv. adv. [from feateoui.']

Neatly; dextroufly. Notin'uie.

And with fine lingers cropt {MWfeatotiJly
The tender ftalks on high. Sprnfir.

f E'ATHER. »./. [pe^^p, Saxon; feder,

German,]
I. The plume of birds. ,

Look, as I blow Ciu%ftathfr fiflm my face.

Siakf/fraic'i llimy VI.
The brave eagle does wUh forroiv fee
The foreft warttJ, ind th.it lofty tree
Wliich hoMi hf r neft, about to be o'erihrown,
Before the/raricM of her young arc grown;
She will not leave them, nor (he cannot Hay,
But bears them boldly on her wings away. IValltr.
When a man in the daik preifcs either corner of
his eye with his finger, and turns his eye away from
his finger, he will fee a circle of colouns like tliofe
in the/for/if) I of a peacock's tail. Nnvlan.

I am bright as an angel, and light as ifrather.

Swift.
i. Kind ; nature ; fpecies : from the pro-
verbial expreffion, birds of a feather; that
is, of a fpecies.

Clifford and the haught Northumberland,
And of \.\\t\tfcatbir many more proud birds.
Have wrought the eafy-meliing king like war.

Shakefpcare's Hdnry VI.
I am not of that/w/ifr to [bake oft"
My friend when he moft needs me. St.th/f.

3. An ornament ; an empty title.
^. [Upon a hoife.] A fort of natural
frizzling of hair, which, in fome places,
rifes above the lying hair, and there
makes a figure reTcmblin..; the tip of
an ear of corn. Farrier's Ditl,

*io Fe'.\ther. 'V. It. [from the noun.]

1 . To drefs in feathers.

2. To fit with feathers.

3. To tread as a cock.

Dame Rirtlet was the fovcreign of his heart.
Ardent in loie, outrageous in his play,
He/eatArr'dhef a hundred times a-day.

^. To enrich; to adorn; to exalt.

They (luck not to fay, that the king cared not to
plume his nobilityand people, Xof.alber himfelf.

haccK's Hcmv'yW.

5. To Feather one's --.-y?. - [Alluding to
birds which collert feathers, amon^ other
tnateriais, for making their neft.J To
get titihcs together.

Fe^'atherbed. n. J. Iftnther and W.]

A bed (luffed with feathers; a ftift bed.

The hulband cock looks out, .ind (Iraii is f|ied,

And mcef. his wife, which brings Iicr/.a/i.vi5f,i'.

Fk'ATHERDRlvfR. «./. [/eatier and drnv.]
One who cleanfes feathers by whilking
them about.

AJi:itberJrii.cr had t)ie reliJue of his lunes filled
w!:li f!ie (we dull or down of feathers. Dcil/am.
F E ' A r H E R V D . adj. [ fro m father. J
I. Clothed with feathers.

1 faw young H.irry »iih his beaver on,
Hii luillcson his thigl.% gallanily arm'd,
Rife from tlKgroundlike/a/irrV Mercury.

Siuti/feaie't nci'iy IV.
So when the new-born pho-nix firft is Iccn,
iUt/i li-t'J IMtiXi all «doic tbtir iiuecn.

F E A

Dark'nir.? the iky, tliev kover o'er, aril (htoud
The wanton (ailors wih afatl'fr'il cloud. Prior.

Then fliips of uncouth form (hall Rem the tide,

Arti falim' J people crowd my wealthy fide. Pafe.

. Vultures, harpies, ravens, cormorants, and, among

many otXKxfeatbrred creatures, fcveral liule winged

boys f-erch upon the middle arches. _ Addifott.

2. fitted with feathers; carrying feathers.

An eagle had the ill h»p to be ttruck with an
anow, ffalhr'dUom her own wing VEJIrarge.

Not llw: bow they bend, nor boaft the fltiU
To give the/ffl/ifrt:;/ arrow wings to kill. Pofe.
Fe'ATHERKDr.E. tt.f.

Boards or planks that have one edge thinner than
anodicr, art called/fjricifil'gf ftufl'. Muxt^K.

Fe'aihi REDGEU. adj. [feather and edge.]
Belonging to a feather edge.

The cover muft be made of featieredged hoards,
in the nature of feveral doors with hinges fixed
tliqrcoa. Mvrtim,,:

Fe'atherfew. tt. f. A plant both fingle
and double : it is increafed by fe'^ds ot
flips, and-alfoby dividing the roots : it
fiowereth raoft part of the Summer.

Mortimer's Hujbandry.
Fs'ather-grass, »./. [granten pulmofum.]

An herb.
FE'ATHERt,ESS.ai//. [itom feather.l With-
out feathers.

This io high grown ivy was like thaty<-j.'irr/,?/i
bird, whicli went about to beg plumes ot oiher
birds to cover his nakcdnefs.

Howei's Vocal Torejl.

Fe'atherly. adj. [{torn feather.'^ Refem-
bling feather.

The accretion or pluvious aggelation of hail about

the mother and fundamental atoms thereof, fecms

to be (omcfali)cr/y particle of fnow, although fnow

of itfcif be fexaogular. Broivit.

Fe'atheRSELLER. »./. [feather ani/eller.\

One who fells feathers for beds..
Fe'athery c(^'. \iiom feather,] Cloathed
with feathers.

Or whil^le from the lodge, or village cock
Count the night-watches to \iK fentlicry dames.

Milton.

Fe'atlv, ad'v, [from frat.] Neatly;
nimbly ; dexteroufly.

Foot Hfeaily here and there,
And rwceifprites and burthen bear.

Sbakejpeart^s Tcmptji.
The moon was up, and (hot a gleamy light j
Mc law a quire of ladies in a round,
'ihnfeatly footing fcem'd to fliini the ground.

Dry den.

Fe'atness. ». /. [from _/;•«/.] Neatnefs;

nicety; dexterity.
Fe'ature. u.f. [failure, old French.]

1 . The caft or make of the face.

Report ihejialaie of OcSavia, her years.

Sbakf/peat'e.

2. Any lineament or fingle part of the face.

Though yc be the fairert of God's creatures.
Yet think that death Ihall fpoil yourgoodIyyr-.r/»r«.

iy/i/,r.

We may compare the face of a great man with the
chara^cr, and try if we can find out in his looks
and jtatures, the haughty, cruel, or unmerciful
temper thatdifcovcrs itlelf in the hillory.

Addifon on Medals,

Though vvnom features iM. the fillers grace,
A fifici 's likeneCs was in every face. Addtfon''s (hud.

To Fe'ature. a-, a. To referable in coun-
tenance ; to favour.

lie liv'd in court mo(l prals'd, moftlov'd,
A fampie to the young'lf j to th' more mature,
A glafs [hitfejlur'd them. Shalieffeari.

Tol'BAi.E.i'.a. [fiifez, French.]
I. To untwiil the end of a rope, and re-
duce it again to its firft ftamina.
z, To beat J to whip with rods. Jirfivcnh,

EEC

7«Feb»i'citate. 11. ». [febricitor, Latin.]
To be in a fever. Difl.

FebRi'cui.ose. adj. [fehriculoftis, Latin.]
Troubled with a fever. Dili,

Febrifv'ge. w.yl [fibris vcidfugit, Latin;

febrifuge, French.] Any medicine fer-

viceable in a fever, Slvincy.

Bitters, like choler, arc the bell fanguifiers, anj

alfo the bt&fibrifiigcs. Fhyer on the Hiimiurj

Febrifu'ge. odj. Having the power to

cure fevers.
Febrifuge draughts had a moft furprifing gcod

clFeift. _ Artuihn-.t.

Fe'brile. adj. Ifibrilis, Latin ;/fi;;7f, Fr.j

Conltituting a fever ; proceeding from a

fever.
The fpirits, embroiled with the malignity in (h«

blood, and turgid and tumified by the feirite in-

mentation, are by phleljotomy relieved. Harvey.
Fe'bruary. >t. f. [Febrt/a rills, Latin.]

1 he name of the fecond montli in the

year.

You have fuch a February face
So full of frofi, of ftorm, and cloudinefs.

SUaiefpeere.
Fe'ces. «./. [/j-i-M, Latin ; feces, French.]

1. Dregs; lees; fedimtsnts; fubCdence.

Hence the furfaceof the ground with mud
And (lime befmear'd, the_/><-fjof the flood
Receiv'd the rays of heav'nj and fucking in
The feeds of heat new creatures did begin.

Dryden,

2. Excrement.

The fymptoms of fuch a conflitulion are a four
fmell in their/ccrj. Arbuthmt on Alimenii,

Fe'culence.T ,- I , , . T • T
Fe'culency./ ''•^- LA"^""'^. La"n-3

1. Muddinefs : quality of abounding with
lees or fediment.

2. Lees ; feces ; fediment ; dregs.

Pour upon it fome very ftrong lee, to facilitate t?i«
feparation of nsfeulence. Beyle,

VVlicther the wilding's fibres are conttiv'd
To draw ih' earth's purert fpirit, and refi(t
I ifJeculfKcies, which in more porous llocks
Ot cyder plants finds palVage free. Philips,

Fe'ctjlent. adj. [fieculer.tus, Lat. fecu-
lent, FjTcnt' " - ■
mentitious

But both his hands, moft filthy^f»/f»/.
Above the water were on high extent,
Andfain'd to wa(h themfelves incelTantly,
Yet nothing cleaner were for fuch intent.

Fairy Sheers,

They are to the body as the light of a candle to

the grols Hkni fecuUftt fnutF, which .^s it is not pent

up in it, fo neither doth it partake of its impurity.

Glanv. Apology,

FE'CUND. aij. [facundus, Latin; fe-
cond, French.] Fruitful ; prolifick.

The more fickly the years are, the Ms fecund ot
fruit tul of children alfo they be. Craun\

Fecunda'tion. ft. y. IfiTcttrtdo, Latin.]
The aft of making fruitful or prolifick.

She retjuciled thcfe plants as a medicine of ftcutt'
dation, or to make her fruitful. Bro^vn.

Ti Fecu'nuifv. 1', a. To make fruitful;
to make prolifick. Di/?,

Fecu'ksity. »,/ [from Jicttiid; ficBKdit'e,
French.

Fruitfulnefs j quality of producing or bringing forth
in great abundance.

1 appeal to the animal and vegetable produiJ^ions
of the e:'.nh, the vatt numbers whereof noforioudy
tedify tlic exlreuie luxuriance -iw^jeturtdit^oi it.

Iroodicard,

2. Power of producing or bringing forth.

Some of the ancients mentio.r fome ieeds that
retain their_/crB»<//r)/ forty years ; and 1 have found
that melon-feeds, al'ier thirty years ; are beft for

iai(iii.;of mdoas, .R^v-

lent, Fjrcnch.J Foul; dregg)' ; excre-

FEE

■ God couM never create fo ample a world, tul fie

' could hive made a bigger ; the fccundUy of his cre-

2the power never growii-y barren, nor being ex-

T:aufed. Benllew

Fed. Preterite and participle paff. of To
feed.

■ For on the grafly verdure as he lay.

And breath'd the frefhnefs of jhe eaxly day,

JDevouring Jogs the hclplefs infant tore.

Fed on h,( trembling limbs, and lapp'd the gore.

Fe'oary. ». /. [ftrJus, Latin, or from
Jetidam.^ This word, peculiar to ShaL-

, //"""<■» '"ay fignify either a confederate^
a partner ; or a dependent.

Damn'd paper!
Black as the ink tliat's on thee, fenfelefj bauble !
Art thou ifrfiary for this acl, aad lookeft
So virgin-like without ? Shakfff^rare^x Cxmbilinf.
Fk'deral. adj. [from fadut, Latin,]
Relating to a league or contract.

It isayf^frj/rite betwiic Cod and us, as eating
and drinking, both among ]zf-'% and Heathens, was
wont to be. Htmm,

The Romans compelled them, contrary to all
y^i/rra/ right and jullice, both tapart nith Satdini.-!,
their lawful territory, and alfo to pay them for the
future a double tribute. Grnu.

Fe'derary. n. /. [from fardn J, Latin.]
A confederate ; an accomplice.

She's a traitor, and Camillo is
Kffdcfary with her. Sbai(ffe.ire .

Fe'de»ate. adj. \faderatus, l.atin.]
Leagued ; joined in confederacy.

FEE. n. f. [peoh, Saxon; fee, Danifti,
cattle; fevdum, low Latin : fiu, Scot-
ti(h.]

I. [In law.] All lands and tenements that
are held by any acknowledgment of fu-
pcriority to a higher lord. All lands
and tenements, wherein a man hath a
perpetual eftate to him and his heirs, ire.
are divided into allodium and feiidum :
allodium is every man'i> o«n land, which
he poflcfles merely in his own right,
without acknowledgement of any fer-
vice, or payment of any rent to any
other. Feudun, or fee, is that which
we hold by the benefit of another, and
in name whereof we owe fervices, or
pay rent, or both, to a fuperior lord.
And all our land in England, the crown-
land, which is in the king's own hands,
in right of his crown, excepted, is in
the nature of feudum ; for though a
man have land by dcfcent from his sn-
<eftors, or bought it for his ratmey ;
yet is the land of fuch a narure, that it
x:annot come to any, cither by dcfcent or
purchafe, but with tiic burthen that was
laid upon him who had novel fee, or
lirfl of all received it as a benefit Iroifi his
lord, to him and to all fuch to vUiom it
might defcend, or be any way convered
from him. feo that no m;'.n in Engl;ind
has direiium dominium, that is, the very
property or demcfne in any land, but the
prince in right of his crown : for though
ne that has fee has jm perj>etuum Cf utile
dominium, yet he owe« a duty for it, and
therefore it is not fimuly his own. Fee
is divided into two forts ; _^<'-abfolute,
otherwife called /e^-(imple, and /<r-con-
ditional, otherwife termed y^f-tail : fee-
fimj'Ic is that whereof we are icifco in
tliofe genual words. To ui abd our

FEE

heirs for ever: fee-x^^\ is that whereof
we are feifed to us and our heirs, with
limitation ; that is, tlje heirs of our
body. AndyJ^-tail is either general or
fpecial : general is where land is given to
a man, arid the heirs of his body : /Jt'-tail
fpecial, is that where a man nnd his wife
are feifed of land to them and the heirs
of tlieir two bodies. Co-wcl.

Now like a h« ycr, when he land would let.

Or feliyff-fiinples m his maftcr's name.

hiMnt'iTale.

Here's the Lord of the (oil come to feizc me for a
dray, for entering liliyJif-fiuiple without leave.

Sbukfjf. U,my.y\.

2. Property; peculiar.

VVliat concern they }
The general caul'c ? or is it ay^t'-grief.
Due to fomc fingle breHft ? Shake/peart.

j. Reward J gratification; recompenfe.
Thefe be the ways by which, without reward.
Livings in courts begotten, though full hard ;
for nothing there is done without ifee. tluhbert.
Not helping, death's my J't'e;
But.if I help, what do you promife me >

Sbakefffare.

4. Rnyments occafionally claimed by pcr-
fons in office.

Now that Clod and friends
Have tum'd my captive Itate to liberty,
Atour enlargement whai are ihy due /<f« f

Shjik. Hcrt. Vt.

5. Reward paid to phyftcians or lawyers.

He docs not rcfufe doing a {;ood office for a m:n,
becaufe he cannot pay the/« of it. AJJifon.

6. Portion ; pittance ; fhare. Obfolete.

In pruning and trimming ill manner of trees,
Referve to each cattle their propertyyivr. Tujffr.
F i' ET AJL\i. n. f. [fee and far/n. 2 Tenure
by which lands are held from a fuperiour
lord.

John furrenilercd his kingdoms to tlic pope, and
took them back again,, to bold m Jlrfarin ; which
brought him into fuch hatred, as all his lifelimc
after he was pofiell with fear. 0.ivici.

To FEE. V. a. from the noun.

1. To reward; to pay.

No man/Iej the fun, r.o man purchaTes the light,
nor errs if he walks by it. Saufb.

Watch the dileafe in time ; for wheti within
The dropfy rages and extends the (kin,
In v.iin Ibr hellebore ths patient cries,
Andy^rr the doiStor ; but too late is wife, ^r^i/eff.

2. To bribe ; to hire; topurchafe.

1 luvc long loved her, and ingroffed opportunities
to meet herjy^W every llight occafion, that could
but niggardly give me light ol her. Sbakrfp,

3. To keep iii hire.

There's not a thane of them but in his houfe
I have a fei vaiityie ./. iibttk,fi<curc't Maciclh.

j^E'KBI.E. adj. [foible, French.] Weak >
debilitated; fickly ; infirm; witiiout
ftrength of body i-! mind.

The men carried all the fetile t;poo alTet to Je-
richo. I Cbren,
Command th' afSdance of a faithful fr.end,
Vtwifttilc arc the fuccours I can fend. Dryici.

Hlw 1 have lov'd, excufc my falt'ring mn^ue j
My fpiritsyifi/r, and my pains ate itroug.

Orydiv,
Viecifty the image of Cod In us, t ratioujl and
immortal lout; nnd though we be now miferabic and
ftthie, yet we alpitc after eternal happineli, and
linally cxpcA 4 gicat cxaliatiofl of all our nati;r..l
powers. Bcuuty,

Khyme is a cnitth that helps the weak along.
Supports they>i'^V, but retards the fliong. Smlih,

To FE'r.Bi.e. f. <i. [from the noun.] To
weaken; to enfeeble; to deprive of
ftrength or power. Not in ufe.

Of as 4 cattle reared high aiid ruutid.
By fubiile cii^nctand (Uli^v ut tUglu.

FEE

Is undermined from the lowelV ground.
And her foundation forc'd andyic^'jif quite.

Fairy Slucen.
Shall tl-.at viflorious hand htfeehlcii here,
That in your chambers gave you chalJifcment ?

Sijaktff. King Jtbn,
FEEBLEMl'NDED,*ai//. [feeble and mind,'\
Weak of mind ; defeftive . in refolution
and conftancv.

Warn them that are unruly, comfort Xhtfeehlt-
minded, fupport the weak, be patient toward all men.

^e'ebleness. «. /. [{torn feeble.'] Weak-
ncfs ; imbecility ; infirmity ; want of
ftrength.

A belter head Rome's glorious body fits,
llian his that ihakcs for age zni feehUnffi. ShaJk.
Some in their latter years, through the feebltneft
of their limbs, have been forced to lludy upon their
knees. South',

Fb'ebly. adv. [from feeble] Weakly;
without ftrength.

Like mine, thy gentle numbers'yre.^/)' creep.
Thy tragick mufe gives fmilcs, thy comick deep,

Dryden^

To FEED, f, a. [fodait, Gothick; peban,
pocban, Saxon.]

1. To fuppiy with food.

Her heart and bowels through her back he drew,
Audy'n/ the hounds that help'd him topurfue.

Dryditi.
Boerhaaveyei/ a fparrow with bread four days, in
which time it eat more than its own weight,

Arbuthnot on DieU

2. To fuppiy; to fornifh.

A conliant fmokc rifesfrom the warm fpringsthat
fcei!\hc many baths with which the ifland is floclced.

Addifom.
The breadih of the bottom of the hopper mult be
half the length of a barleycorn, and near as long as
the rollers, that it may not y^fi/ them too faft.

Meriimer^s Hi/Jhiindryt

3. To graze ; to conftime by cattle.

Once in three years ye-f^/ your mowing lands, if
vou cannot get manure conllantly to keep them in
heart. Ahriimey.

The fipft will fpoil the graft; for which reafon
take care tafcei it clofc before Winter.

Mortimer's Hvjhandry.

4. To nourifh ; to cherilh.

How oft from pomp and ftatc did I remove,
Tofifd defpair, and cherifh hopclcfs love ? Frior,

5. To keep in hope or expcdtation.

BarbarolTa learned the Ifieiigth of the emperor,
itihWy feeding him vi'ith the hope of liberty.

/Cn'>lles.

6. To delight ; to entertain ; to keep from
faticty.

The alteration of fcenes, fo it be without noife,
feeds and relieves the eye, before it be full of the
fjmeobjedt. Bacon.

■J. To make fat. A provincial ufe.

To Fr. ED. %'. n.

1 . To take food. Chiefiy applied to ani-
mak food.

To feed were bcft at home ;
Fiom ihea^c tUe lawce to meet is ceremony ;
KiecUngwvir bare without It. Shukej^, Maibeth.

2. 1 o prey ; to live by eating.

I am not covetous of gold; ^

Nor cut I, who tioihyc ti upon my cofV, ^bake/f.
You cxj againlltlic noble fcuate, who,

tinder the gods, k«p you in awe, vh\i.'i\ clfe

VVocidytVi/cfi one another. Sbjkfp. Citrit^Ianus.

Galen Ipeakcth bf the curing of the fcirrhus of the
I'ver Ijy nnik of a cow, that fetdeti upon certain
herbs. Bacon.

.Some \>\rii feed upon ,the berries of this vege-
table. Bloivn.

We feds OA fruits, wliitfh of their o\Vn aocord.
The willing groundsand laden trees iifford, Drydat.

Tlic Itiaclimans were ail of the fame race, lived m
fields and woods, aoij fed luily upon rice, milki or
herb*. 'Ittr.ple.

FEE

Mfeid on nne vain patron, and enjoy
Tl)' cxrenfive Mcffiog oi hit luxury. P»ft.

3. To p;\llurc ; to place cattle to feed.

1 1' i man ilull caufe a field <.o be eatep, and ihall
put in liis heart, and (hall feri in another njan's
Held, he Ihjil nialte rtllilutioii. F.x.XTiW.v.

^. To grow fat or plump. A provincial

ufe.
Feed. tt. f. [from the verb.]

1. Food; that wlijch is eaten.

A fearful deer then looks mptl about when he
comes to the beft fted, with a (hrujging kind ol
tremor through. all hvr principal pans, H'ldne)).

An old worked o» fati as well as a young one :
•heiryliiis much cheaper, becaufe they eat no
oats. M'^riimcr'i Htijt.

2. Paaure.

Bcfides his cote, hisflocks and bounds o^ fetd
Are now on file. Shake/ftart's At you like it.

3. Meal ; aft of eating.

Plenty hung
Tempting fo hi;"h, to pluck and eat my fill
I fpaied not ; tor fiich ple^fure till that hour
hxjtcdat fountain never had- 1 found. Milton.
Fe'eder,. a./, [from yjfd'.J
i. One that gives food.

The bead obeys his keeper, and looks up.
Not to his mailer's, but hiiy«</er's hand.

Dtnbam..

2. An.exciter; an encourager.

When thou do'lt hear I am as 1 h^ve been,
Apprivach mc, and thou (halt be as thou was''.
The tutor and theJtrJerot my riots. Sbakr/p.

3. One that eats.

With eager feeding, food doth choak iht feeder.

Sbatefp.
But that our feafti
In every mefs have folly, and x\\tfredeis
]ert with It as a cullom, 1 Ihould bl.ilh
'I'o fie you fo attired. Shakeffeare.

We meet in Ariltotle with one kind of thruth,
called tJic inilTel thrufli, ox feeder upon milTello.

hroxutt's I'rilgar En-oien.

4. One that cats in a certain mode; as, a

fuce fieefer, a gnf.i feeder.

Kut luch Ww.: feeden are nogucils for me ;
■Riot agrees not with frugality :

Then, that unfa(hionable man am I,
With »ie they'd Itarve for want of ivory. Dryden.

Tc FEKL. pret. /i//; part. paff. felt. <v. u.
[piilan, Saxon.]

1. 'I'o have perception of things by the
' touch.

ThcJ^enfe oife/itrg^ can give us a notion of extcn-
fion, Ihape, and all other ideas that enter at the eye,
-eavcpt colours. AJdifin^s .Spef}.

2, To fea?chby feeling. See Feeler.

■|"hcy lliould feek the Lord, if happily they might
/■«y alter him, andtindhim. Aclt.

■j. To ha\c a quick fenfibility of good or
evil, tight or wrong.

Man, viho/riU for all mankind. Pope..

4. To appear to the touch.

Blind men fay black /«/( rough, and white fth
fmoolh. Drjden.

Of thcfe tumours one yirA flaccid and rumpled ;
the other more fvcn, flatuienland Ipriiigji. Xbarf.

Tfl Feel. •v. a.

1. To perceive by the touch.

Suffer mc that I may /fi/ the pillars. jfudgei.

2. To try ; to found.

He hath writ this to fell my affeftion to your
honour. _ Sl/akefptare.

3. To have perception of.

The "ir is fo thin, that a bird has therein nofee/-

//rj. of h« wings, or any refinance of air to. mount

hufRlfby. Rultigh.

4... To have fenfe of external pain or pleafure.

Ncr did they not perceive the evil pitght
In, which ihey were, or the faticc pains tiotfee/.

Millar:.
But why. (hould ihofc be thought to (i:ape, whofce/
TWc lod^ St fcorpious ar.d thole whips of (tccl ?

Creech.

FEE

5. To be affeSed by ; to perceive tpentally.

Would I had never trod this Eiiglilh earth,
Ol feii ilie flatteries that grow upon it !

Shaki/pcjre HiBiyVlll.
The well-fung woes (hall foolh my penfive gholl i
He bell can paint them who an feel ihenj inoll.

P/>f'.
NoF youthful kings in battle feia'd alive,
E'eryV/jfuchgtief, fupK terrwr, aoddefpair.

Pofe.

6. To know ; to be acquainted with.

His overthrow heap'd happinefs upon hitn s
For then, .indnot till then, he/f/r himfelf,
Ai)d found the bleffednefs of being little.

Shgkeffenre Henry VIII.

Fefi.. n.f. [from the verb.] The fenfe of
feeling ; the touch.

The dirt'erence of thefc tumours .will be diftin«
guilhed by the feel. Hdarp'i Surgery.

Fe'fler. ti.f. [from_/>f/.]

1. One tkat feels.

This hand, whofe touch,
Wliofe ev'ry touch would force thtfeelrr'i foul
To th ' oath of loyalty. Shahfpcan's Cymbeline.

2. The horns or antennae of infefts.

Infers clean their eyes with their forelegs as well

as antenna- i and as they are perpetually feeling and

fearching before them with their /cr/«i or antennw,

I am apt to think that befides wiping and cleaning

I the eyes, the ufes here named may be admitted.

Deria-n'l Phyfin-Theolcgy.
Fe'elino. participial aJj. [fromyi'f/.]

1. Exprelfive of great fenfibility.

O wretched ftate of man in felf-uivifion !
O well thou fay'ft xfeling declaratio.i
Thy tongue hath made o( Cupid's deep incifion !

SlJuey.
Thy wailing words do much my fpirits move.
They uttered arc in fuch a feeling faihion.

Sidney.
Write 'till your hik be dry, and with your tears
Moiil it again ; and frame (ome feeling line.
That mav difcover fuch integrity. Shakef-p.

2. Senfibiy felt. This fenfe is not fuffici-
ently analogical.

A moll poor man mide tame to fortune's blows.
Who, by the art ol known and /ff/i/'g furrows.
Am pregnant to good pity. Shakefpeart.

I had 2. feeling fenfe /

Of all your rov al lavours ; but this laft
Strikes through my hviari. Swhtft-

Fe'elino. n f. [fromyi'f/.]

1. The fenfe of touch.

Wjy was the fifht
To fu;h a tender ball as th' eye confin'd j
So obvious and fo eafy to be quench 'd.
And not, iifiling, through all parts d'fFus'd,
Thatihe might look at will through every p..re ?

Milion.

2. Powerofaftion upon fenfibility.

The apprchenlion ol the good,
Gives but the ptntrfeling to the woi le.

SItakfpiuiv's Richard ]\.

3. Perception ; fenfibility.

Their kii^g, out of a princely /<'f//»g, was fparing
and compMliuuate towards lijs lubjeds. ISacun,

Great perfons had need to borrow other men's opi-
' nions to think ihcmlijives happy; for if they judge
' by their owiiyrf/i>^, they cannot find it. Huetn.
As we learn what belongs to the body by the evi-
dence of fenfe, fo we learn what belongs to the foul
by an inward conlcioufnel's, which maybe called a
fort of internal feeling. If alls.

Ft'KLlNGLY. ai/'v. [dovn feeling.]

1, With exptcflion of great fcnlibility.

The princes might judge that he meant himfc!f,
who (f.\ktU'fi>lingiy. Xidniy.

He would MM have talked (ofeling/y of Codrus's
bed, if there had been room for a bcdidlow in it.

P'^pe

2. So as to be fenfibly felt.

Here feel we but the penally of Adam,
The fcafon's difference ; as the icy pliang.
And chuililh chiding of the Winter's wind.
Which when it bites and blows upon my body,
Ev'n 'liU I Ihrink with cold, 1 lmile«iid fay,

F E L

This is no flattery : ihefe are counfellon,
Thufeclingly perfuade me what I am. Shakt^,
He feelingly knew, and had trial of the late
good, and of the new putchafed evil. Raleigh.'

FKET. «./. The plural of /«./.

His brother's image to his mind appears.
Inllames his heart with rage, and wings hisyr^rwiih
fears. . Pi^pe.

Fe'etless. aJj. [{torn feet 4] Beingvrith-
out feet.

Geoffrey of Boulloin broched three f el iefi birdti
called Allerions, upon his arrow. Camden.

To FEIGN, -v. a. [feinJre, French ; /ugo,

Latin.]
I. To invent ; to image by an aft of the

mind.

Abomina'alc, inutterable, and worfe
Than fables yet h^vefeign'd, or fear conceiv'J,
Gorgons, and h]hlras, and chimasras dire ! Millfi,
No fuch things are done as thou fayeft, but thotf
feign, djl them out of thine own heart.

l^cb. vi. S.
e» To make a fhow of.

Both his hands, moft filthv feculent,
Above the water were on high extent,
Kai feigned to wadi themfelvcs incelTantly. /".i^.

3. To make a Ihew of; to do upon fome
falfe pretence.

Mc gentle Delia beckons from the plain.
Then, hid in Ihades, eludes her eager fw^in ;

VinX. feigns a laugh lo fee hie fearch around,.
And by that laugh the willing fair is found. Pope*

4. To differable ; 10 conceal. Now ob-
folete.

Each trembling leaf and whiftling wind they hear,
Asghatlly bug their hair on end does rear;
Vet both do llrive their fcarlulneCs xafci^n.-

Fair^ ^ettt.

To Feign, t. ». To relate fallely ; to
image from the invention ; to tell fa-
buloudy.

Therefore the poet
lyiAfeign that Orpheus drew trees, itoney, and flood ;
Since nought follockilh, hard, and full of rage,
Lut mufick. for the time doth change his nature.

•^hukfffjearn

Ft'ioNEDi.y.<7(/x'. [ixomfeigr!.] In fittion ;
not truly.

Such is found to have been falfely and feignedly
in fume of the heathens. Bacon,

Fe'ignfr. ?/. /. {Uom feign.] Ini'Cnter ;
contriver of a fidion.
And thefe three voices differ ; all the things doftc,
. the doing and the. doer; the things feigned, the
feigning and the feigner j fo the poem, the pocfy,
and the poet. ^en Jonfin

Feint, participial adj. [from feig'i, for
feigned; or /</«/, Fr.] Counterfeit;
feeming.

'Ihe mind by degrees lofcs its natural relilh of
real, (olid iruth, .wd is reconciled inlenlihiy 10 any
thing ihat can be but dieffed up into any feint ap-
pearance of it. Uickt.
Feint, n. f. [feint, French.]

1. A falfe appearance; an offer of fome-
ihing i>ot intended to be.

Courtl) 's letter i.-^ but .ifeixl to get off. Speflatcr.

2. A mock alVault ; an appearance of aiming
at one part, when another is intended to
be flrutk.

hui, ill ilic brcaftencamp'd, prepares
For we!l-bicd _/<'■;»« and luturewars P'i&r,

Fe'landhrs. u. f. Worms in hawks.

Ai'ifivorth,
To FELrciTATE. v. a. [feliciier, French;

felicito, l.at.]
I. To make happy.

I profefs
Myfclf an enemy to all other joyi ;
And find I am Aonefeliciiate
In y out dear highnefs' love. Shakefpeare.

F E L

What a glarlous enMrtaimnenf and"pleafui« v,t\iM
fill and /./iWwrf his fpitit, it' be couU jnfp a'l in
a linsle I'urvey ! IVeut.

2, To congratulate. .

They might procfeJ unto forma of fpeeclies,
Jelkiiating the gooJ, or ' dcp reci.tting the evil to
follow. Bnyun.

Felicitation-. ». /. [French, from /;■/;-

citaitf.] Congratulation. Dre7.

FELIGITOUS. aJ;. {fiiix, Lat.] Happy.

But.

FiLi'ciTousLY. adv. [from felicitous .1

Happily. Dili.

Fsi.l'ciTV. n.f. [ feJti-i fa 1,1- Jitin; frlicite,

Fr.] Ihppincfs ; prosperity ; btifiiful-

nefs ; bleliediMsrsa. . .

The joyous d ly, d<Mr T.orrf., with Jof-begin,
And grant t!>atwe, lor whvioMhua dtJaftdie,
Being with thy dear Mood clean walli'd Irom iin*
May live for ever \\\fiticity. S^tnffrU Sont/ett,

C>thcTs in virtue ylic'ifeticitji
But virtue join 'd with riches and long life.
In eorpoml pleat'urv ho,- and cjrelefs eafe; Mlltt>n.
'Yhtft-licitiei of her uonderlul reign may be com-
plete. Atterbury.
How great, how glorious ^fcUnty^ how adcijuale
to the delires of a reafiNiakle nature, is revealed to
' otr iiopes in the gofpcl .* Ro^j,

Fe'line. nt!j. \_feliMiis, Latin.] Lite a
cat ; pertaining to a cat.

Even as in the braver; from which he differs
priacipally in hit teeth, which are canine, and m
n:s tail, \\ hich i -y^ //«i-, ' or a lone taper, Crnu.

JELL. (7///. ('pelle, Saxon.]

1. Cruel; barbarous; inhuman.

Itfeemed fury, difcord, midncdj'./l.
Flew from hif lap when he ujifotds the firar.

Kitirfitx,
iyafflltfi fot%.
Whofe paflions and wholic plots have brake their fleep,
To take the-one tire other, by fome chance.
Some trick not worth an egg, fiiall grow dear friends.

2. Savage ; ravenous ; Uoody.

Tlut indant was I tum'd intn a hart.
And mydefiKs, likc/r// and cruel hounds,
t'er finee purfue me. Sbakfff. Txt^e/ftb Night.

I know thee, love ! v»iW as the raging maiii,
tifnn/e/l than lygqrs on the Lybiaii (dain. Pofr.

Sojrning all the taming arts ot man.
The keen hy-na, fillrjl of ihe/f//. Thomftn.

Fill. »./. [pill*, Saxon. J Theikin; the
bide. Not ufed.

Wipe thine ejre ;
The go'jjeni (hall devour ihem, tlefb andyr//.

Ere they Ih.iil make us weep. Sbakifptart,

The lir.ie has been my ler.fes would have cool'd
To heara iiljht-lliriek ; and my /rlloi hair
Would at a difmal ireatife route and Itir. Sbakeff.

To Fell. -v. a. [fcUen, Gernjan.]

1. To knock down ; to bring to the ground.

Villain, lland, or I'WftU thee down. Uliukrff.
Up and down he traverfcs his giuund;
Now iiuiiiJtlUfig blow, DOW llrike< again.

Dankl.
Taking the fnull end of his mulket in hiv hand,
he Dr'uck him on the head with tJw (lock, uni/ctUJ
him. Raliigb.

Hij fall, for the prefent, ftruck an earthijuakc
into all minds; nor cuuld the vulgar be induced to
lel.eve he was J\lliJ. H<.uri.

tJn their whole heft I flew
Utunn'd, and with a trivial *t»^ia(ifrll*J
Their choicetl )0«iih , they only liv'il who fled.

MilloH.

2. It fcems improperly joined with <(W« or
along.

Whbin with fuch f.>tce he ftrKk hcftll'd hm <Uvm,
And cleft the r:rile uf his golden crown. J),yJin.

I fell'daUng a man of bearded face.
His limbi ail cover'd with a Ihiiiing cafc. Drydtn.
f. To ht:w down; «o cut down.

Then wouid hefeem a fatmer th^t would fell
Baijaiai of woodi, wJiii.b lie did lately///, lluii.

F E L

I Proud ATcite and fierce Palamon,

In mortal haitle doubling blow on blow;
Like lightning flam'd their faulchions lo and fro,
And ihot a dreadful gleam ; fo ftrong they ftruck.
There feem'd Icfs force rtquii'd to/// an oak.

Vrydm.

Fell. The preterite of To fall.

None on their fcjt might (lard.
Though (landing c'n'e ii rocks; but down ihtyfffl
By thoufands, angel on aichang^l roll'd. AJjiio/i,

Fe'ller. u.f. [{rom fell.] One that hcw's
down.

Since thou art laid down, no fcUer is come up
againlt us. //. xiv. 8.

Fhll'iflWovs. aJ/. [fel zndjJat, Lann.]
Flow ing with gall. /)/'<*.

Fe'llMongek. n.f. [froray://!] A dialer
in hides.

IFe'llness. n. f. [from /■//.] Cruelty;

, fav.igenefs ; fury ; rage.

When his brother law the red blood trail
Adown fo fail, and ail his armour lleep.
For vtry/*///ir/j- loud he 'gan to weep. Fairy Sh'C'n,

Felloe, n.f, [felge, Danilh.j 'J he cir-
cumference of a wheel; the outward part.
It is often written fnlly ar felly.

I Out, out, ihmi rtniin|,ct Fortune ! all you gods, ■

I In general fynod, lake away her p4wei ;

Break all the fpokcs tnifllici from her wheel,

' And bowl the rouad uave down the bill of hcav'n.

I Shai.fp„fc.

' Aile-trees, roives, fcllott, and fpokes were all
molten. K!?f<.

Ft'LLOW. ». f [t/uaf, to follow, Aff/r-
fhe-iu; from pt, faith, and li»j, bouild,
Saxon, "fiiitiiii; fall<rui, Scottilh.]

1. A companion; one with whom we con-
, fort.

In youth 1 had twelve ///wt like untn mylVlf,
but not one of tt>em came to a good call. AJcbam.

To be 'j<yiiX fel I'rw t
You may deny nii ; but I'll be yourfcrvant.
Whether you will or no. Sbattff. 'Tcmftfi.

Have we nut plighted each our holy oath,
That cut (liould be liie common good of both ;
One foul (linuld both intpire, and neither prove
WMfeilwf' s hindrance in purfuit of love? i>t\tter,

2. An alfociate; one united in the fame
affair.

Each on \\\iftllviv for alTiftance calls ;
At length the laial fabrick mounts the wall;.

Drydtfi^s Vlrgtt.

J. One of the fame kind.

Let partial ipirits dill aloud complain,
Think themfclvej i.ijui'd that tlicy cannot reign;
I And own no liberty, bit where they may
Without controul upon \'ix\t fclLwt prey. K\tlltr.
A (hcpherd had one favourite d ig : he led him with
his own hand, and took more care of him ihan o(
htsyrZ/oTfj. VHJliM^e.

4. Equal; peer.

So ) ou are to be hereafter JMovii, and no longer
fervants. Sidjtty.

Chieftain of the reft
I chofe him here: the eanh (hall him ajjowj
YWtJitUcnui late, (hall be l,is fuSjctts uuw . t'airf.xx.

5. One thing fuited to another; one of a
p.lir.

When virtue 'vs lodgel in a bodv, that fcems fo
have been prepared lor the reception ol vice ; ihc
foul and the body do not feeeuv to hf-fJlvtux.

lidalfiilf r KfrftaUr.

6. One like or equal to another: as, this
knave hath not his/c/.Vtf.

7. A familiar appellation ufcd fometimcs
with fondnf fs ; fometimcs with cftcci'n ;
but generally with fome degree of coiv-
tempt.

This is Othello's ancient, as I lake it,
— The fame indeed ; a very valiant/c/Ztlt'. Sbakff.

An oHiccr was in danger to have loll his place,
but bi« wile made hi> peace ^ whcicufon a pica-

F E t

fanlyv//o7o faid, that he had been cruAied, but that
he faved himfelf upon his horns. Bacon.

Full filieen tlioufaiid \aAy fellows
With fire and fword the fort maintain ;
Each was a Hercules, you tell us,
^Vet out they march'd like common men, Prisr.

. A word of contempt; the foolifh

the mean wretch ; the forry

mortal ;
rafcaJ.

Thofe great fiUov.') fcornfally receiving them,

as fooiilh birds ijllcn into their net, it pU-afed the
' eternal Jultice to make them fuller death by their
' hands, Hidney.

Calfio hath here been fct on in the dark

B) Rodor;go, inifcllou'i that are Tcap'd. Shukefp,
j I iiave great comfoii fiom this/Z/sw; inethinks
1 he hath no drowning mark about him ; his com-
I pleiio'ii is pcrlciS gallows Sbahjpeare'a Ttmftji,
\ Ojjinion that d:d help m? to the crown,
: Had Itjll kept loyal to polkiTioii ;

AnJ lei't me in rcputelcfs baiiilhment,
' A/'//i,TOof no markor liktlihood. Shakefp,

How oft the fight" of mcar\s, to do ill deeds,
j Makes dc'ods ill done? For had'li ihou not been by,
I KJilir.iv by the hind ol nature mark'd,
\ Qr^otcd'i ajiJ fign'J to do a deed of Ihamc,
j T1115 iniirjcr lud nor come into my mind. Sbakeff.
I Tiic MoOr's abus'd by fome moll villainotjs knave.

Some bale notorious knave, fome fcurvj ///c:!' .'
I 'Shakr/i>/aye.

The frUmu l-.ad taken more fi(h than iie could

fpend while ihcy were f«eet. L'EjIrange.

As neittof kin, Achillea' arms I claim;
; This fdl'^tv would ingraft a foreign namo
I Upon our Itock, and the Sityphian feed

By Iraud and theft adefis his fathei's breed, rJryJeit.
\ - You will wonder?iow luch an orJinary_/i//&U', as

this .Mr. Wood,, could have got his Majeily's broad
' fe.tl. . Sxuift.

I You'll find,' if on^e the monarch a£ls the monk,
' Or, cubler-like,' the parfon will be drunk,
' Worth makes the man, and want ot it tht fellaiu i

The ic;t is all but leather and prunella. Pi-pr.

5. Sometimes it implies a mixture of pity
with contempt,

Ihe pruvoft cimminded his men to li.ing him
, Uf> on tlie iicarell tree : then ihsfiUiv cried out t.'wt
lae was uui the miller, but the miller's man.

ilayivtird.

JO. A member of a college that Ihares its
; reveniifs, or of any intorpo'-ated fociety.
There Uiould be a million of th.-ee ol the/r//fcitJj
ot btftbrcn ot Solonwn^ houlV, to i;ive us know-
ledge of the affairs and' llate of tliole countries i;o
which' they were Jefig.i-^d. Baetn.

To Fe'li.ow. 'V. a. To fuit with; to
, pair with ; to inafch." F;-'li(ni' is often
ufcd in compofition to mark community
' of nature, Ibtion; or employment.

Imagination,
Wiih whji's unreal, thou co-ailive art.
And/// -lu;^ no; lung. Sbakeffiare.

Fellow-i.u'mmoner. n.f,

1. One who has the fame right of common.

He cannot appropriate. In: cannot incli.fe, with-
out the confext at all hi* flidW-cominanerx, all
mankind. Luckt.

2. A commoner ar C^tibriilge 6f the higher
ortitrr, who dines with the iellows.

yi^LLow-CR-KATuRE. n.f. One that has
the fame creator.
Rc.lb.i is the glory of human nature, and one of
I the thief eminencies w Iit-reby we arc raifcd above our
fetiit'^-ctuxluycsy tl,e brutis, in ilns lower world.

H'att!,*i tAgitky lnty6.iufiUK.

KE'LLoW-HtiH, n.f. Coheir; partner of"

[ the fame inheritance.

' 'Khe f;rnt;li'. fliould br/Z/oto 4«Vj. Rph, \\\, C\

Frr.i.owui'i.pLR. ». y. Coadjutor; oif:
who concuirs in the fame bufinefs.

We ought to lecciic fuch, tliat we might htjil-
low-helpin to the truth. j ydiii, i.

Fellow-i.a'bourer, «./. One who labours
. in the fame Jefign>

F E I;

'My /fJl*V!-lji<iuren hj»c eommiflianed me to
perform iii their behalf this office of dcjicition.

DryJen'l yuv. D'J.

Fellow. SERVANT. ». /. One that has
the fame mailer.

Nor Ill's think we in heav'n of thee on caitht ' ■ '- _
Thjtn at ovr fcllorv-ferv^it ; and inquire •" ' ••■

Ciljdly into the ways of God with man. Mitlm.

fiiTfellivi.fena'it! may youi gentle ear
Frove,inore propitious to my flighted care
•Thin tlie bright dames we ferve. If'jli'ft.

Their fathers and yours were fttUvi-fervitnts to
the fame heavenly mafter while they lived ; nor m
that relation diflblved bv their death, but ought dill
to operate among their funlving children. At'tibury,

Fbllow-soldier. ». /. One who fights
under the fame commander. An endear-
.ing appellation ufed by officefs to their
men.
Comt, fellcw-falJler, make theu proclamation.

■' , ■' ■ Shakfff,

Epajihroditus, my brother and companion in la-
tour, iaifclUiu-folJier. Phil, ii.lj.

Ff LLOW-STUDENT. ». /. Ohc who ftudies
in company with another, in the fame
clafs, under the fame mafter.
1 pry'thee do not mock me, fella-w-Jludent .

Skakeffiare's HamlH.

Tf j-ou have t\o ftlhtv-JluJint at hand, tell it

over with your acquaintance. H^jils't Lagick.

Fellow-subject. «. /. One who lives
under the fame government.

The bleeding condition of their fiUnv-fuijelli
Kvas a feather in the balance with their private ends.

S-wift.
Fellow-sufferer. n.f. One who (hares
in the fame evils ; one who partakes the
fame fufFerings with another.

How happy was it for thafe psar creatuiw, that
your grace was made tht\x filioiv-fhfferer ? And
how glorious for you, that you cliofc to want rather
than not relieve? Dry. ten.

Wc in fome meafure (hare the ntceflTities of the
poor at the fame time that we relieve ihem, and
ina'<e ourfclves not only their patrons h.it follow-
fufferin. Ad.difon's Sftaalar.

Fellow-writer, n. /. One who writes
at the fame time, or on the fame fub-
jeft.

Since they cannot raife themfclves to the re-
putation of their ft-ihiv-'writen, they muft fink it
to their own pitcli, if they would keep thcmfelves
upon a level with them. AddiJoH.

FElLOW-FEli'uNtJ. ». /. '^fAlo'W Z.Viit feel-

'"Z-l ,
J. Sympathy.

It is a high degree of inhumanity not to have a
frltow-fctliiig of the miifoiiuiie ol my bro;her.

VEjliangr.

z. Combination ; joint intercft: commonly
in an ill fenfe.

Kven your milkwoman anJ your nurferymaid have

\fftU'w-fatii»g. Arhuihftitt.

Fellowlike. "\ ad], [fellow and like.}

Fe'llowly. / Like a companion; on

equal terms; companionable.

All which good pans he graceth with a good fi-l-
h'Jt'Hr, kind, and rcfpcOlul cjrtiage,, Cureiv.

One feed tor another to make an exchange
yi'illnjrliov>lj neighbourhood I'cemcth not itrange.

rujftr.
Fe'llowship. «./. [(tomfcllciu.']
I. Companionlhip ; confort ; fociety.

This boy cannot tell what he wouIi<have
But knecli and holds up hands ioijtih-u'jhip.

, Shatr/fcart.
Fromblifsful bow'rs
Of amarMtine (hade, fountain, or fpring,
By th' waters of life, where'er ihey lat
1 n fiUivJhift of joy, the fons of light
Hailed. Milun's Paradi/e Lofl.

F E L

There is tio man but God puts exctUent thing!

into his polfeinon, to be ufed foi the common gwiJ i

for men ate made for focietj and r.viUM\ftll<iV.Jbif.

Cjlamy't Srrim/ls.

' God having defigned man fir a fociabie creature,

made him not only with an inclinalion, and under

the ncccliity to have y;//<,n/i;/> with 'thole of hil

: own kind, but furnilhcd him alfo with language,

which was to be the great inftrument and cementer

of fociety. _ Loche.

2. Aflbciation; tonfederacy; combination.

Wc would not die in that maii'i company,^
That fe.irs hit /cJ/ciiJhif to d.e with us. Sbaki'/f.

Thofe laws do bind men ..bfolutely, even as they
are men, although they have never any -fettled /?/•
Imilfliif, never any folemn agreement amongftthera-
feWes. Ihoktr,

Molt of the other Chriftian prince* were drawn
into the /(•//sii;^/! of that war. ' KnaUa.

3. Equality.

4. Partnerlhip ; joint intereft.

Nearer acquainted, no'v I feel by proof
TiMjilloviifhip in pain divides not I'mart,
Nor lighten 'i aught each man's peculiar load.

P.trad!/e Regained.

O love ! thou ftemly doft thy power maintain,
And will not bear a rival in thy reign ;
Tyrants and thou MJiUouJhiji dildaiii. Dfydex.

5. Company ; ftate of being together.

The great contention of the lea and Ikies
V^nti onxfirlh-urjbip. But hark, a fail! Sbakf/p.

6. Frequency of intercourfe; focial plea-
fure.

In a great town friends are fcattired, fo that there
is aotthM/eh'ow/lip which is in lels neighbourhoods.

7. Fitnefs and fondnefs for feftal enter-
tainments, with ^W prefixed.

He had by his eKceliive guid fellowjhif, which
, was grateful to all the company, made himlelf popu-
lar with all the officers of the army. Clarendon,

8. An eftabliftiment in the college, with
fhare in its revenue.

Corulbdes, having, by extreme parfimony, faved
thirty pounds out of a beggarly y>//oti^/f, went to
London. Svi/t,

9. [In arithmetick.] That rule of plural
proportion whereby wc bahince accounts,
depending between divers perfons, having
put together a general (lock, fo thift they
may every man have bis proportion.nl
gain, or fuftain his proportional part ot
lofs. ., Coder,

Fe'lly. adv. [Uorafell.'] CmdlJ'; inhu-
manly ; favagely ; barbaroufly.

Fair ye be fuie, but ciiicl and unkind;
Asisatygcr, that with grccilincfs ,

Hunts alter blood, when he by chance dotli find
A feeble beaft \iot\ifeUy him opprefs. Spenftr.

Felo-de-se. «. / [In law.] He that
committeth felony by murdering himfelf.

FE'LON. ». /. [filoii, French; feto, low
Latin; y.A, tiaxon.]

1. One who has coininitted a capital crime.

1 appiehcnd thee for ay^/on here, ShakrJ'p,

The wily toi,
Ch.is'd even amid' the lolds'j and made to bleed,
h\^t/eUns, where they did the mtird'rous deed.

DvydftJ.

2. A whitlow ; a tumour formed betwceft
the bone and its invcfling membrane,
Tery painful. - ,

The m.ilign paronychia is that which is commonly
called ayt/orf. Ti'ijhnan'r Hurgtry.

Fe'lon. adj. Cruel; traitorous; inhuman.

A) me! what thingun earth, thalall iliingsbrcedt,
Might be the caufe of fo impatient plight!
Wh.n fury, or what heiid \vithyJ-/«/ deeds,
Hath Itirred up lo 'milehicvous delpight I Sfen/tr.

Then bids prepare th' hofpitabic treat,
Vain lhe»>«t love (o veil hufeUrt hate. P"?';

F E M

FEto'NfotJS. edj. [hovn felon.'] Wicked;
traitorous; villainous; malignant; perfi-
dious ; deftruftive.

.This man conceived the Juke's death; but whif
was the motive of ihii /eimima conception is in th«
clouds. Ulltcit.

O thievilh night!
Why (hotild'ft thou, but for (ome fihnlcus end,
Jn tliy dark lanthorn thus dole up the ftars
That nature hung in heav'n, and fill 'd the lamps
With everlafting oil, to give due light
To the milled and lonely traveller? Milttn.

In thy/eioHhut heart though venom lies.
It does but touch thy Irilh pen, and dies. Drydeitp

Felo'nioosly. adv. li'rom /eloaiouj.] li»'

a felonious way.
.Fe'lonious. adj. [from feleit.] Wicked.
' Nox ufcd.

1 am like for defpifrate dole to die,
Throughy;/o«oai force of mine enemy. Spnifrr,
Fe'lony. ». /. [felonie, French; felmia,
low Latin; from feloa.] A crime de-
nounced capital by the law ; an enormous
crime.
1 will make \X felony to drink fmall beer.

Sbakefpeare* I tUnry VI,

Felt. The preterite of Fefl, which fee.
FELT. «./. [pelr, Saxon.]

1. Cloth made of wool united without
weaving.

It were a delicate ftratagem to (hoe
A troop of horfc viVnfelt. Shakeff. Kixg Lear,

2. A hide or Ikin.

To know whether flicep are found or not fee that
the/fir bcloofe. ifarrinier's Hujijndry,

To Felt. -v. a. [from the noun.] To
unite without weaving.

The fame wool one man Jells into a hat, another
weaves it into cloth, another into kerley. Hafe,

To Feltre. 1?. a. [flora felt.] To clot
together like felt.

\i\sfiitred locks, that on his bofom fell,
Oa rugged mountains briers and thorns refemble.

Fdtrfa^f,

Felu'cca. n.f. [feleu, Yr.fdkn, Arab.]

A fmall open boat with fix oars. Did.

FE'MALE. n.f. [femelle, French; femella,

Latin.] A (he ; one of the fex which

brings young ; not male.

Cod created inan in his own image, ma!e and

ycMii/f created he ihcm. (Tm. i. 27.

1 1 he oiVer it of the herd, whether it b.m le or

fcinjle, he ihall oti'cr it without b.emilh. Lev,

Men, more divine,
Indu'd wiihintelledual fenfe and foul.
Ate malters to their /i«W«, and their lords.

Sbakefp.

Fe'male. adj*

1. Not male.

FrmaU of fex it fecms, Miltm.

bwarmiop next appearM
ThefemaU bee, that feeds her hulhaiid drone

Milion.

2. Not mafculine; belonging to a ftie.

Other funs, peihaps.
With their attendant moons thou wilt dcfcry,
Communicating in.ile M-)'\fu!uU light;
Which two great fcxcs auiniaic the v/orld. Mil/of

Add what wants
\r\ female fex, the inoie to diaw his love. Millvt^

He fcrupled not to eat
Ag.iinft his better kiiowleJgc, not dcceiv'd.
But loudly overcome wiihyi'm^/f charm. MiUtn.

If by t female hand he had lortfecn
He was 10 die, his wiiti h.id rather been
The lance and double ax of the lair warrior tjiieen.
' . '- . Dryder*.

3. Femalb Rhymes. Double rhymes fo
called becaufe in French, from which
the term is taken, they end in e weak or
fcqjinine. Thefe rhymes are female:

• .. . -< ■ xU-ej.

FEN

Th' eiecefs of heat is but a fable ;
- Wekr.ow the torrid zone i? qqw found haSitaSIe<

Cou</ey,

Thc/emale rbymts are in ufe with the Italian in

every line, with the Spaniard promifcuoufly, and

with the French alternately, as appears from the

Alarii^ue, the Pucelle, or any of their later poems.

Dryden'sPrcf. I'j Arn. Mirab.

FfME Ca-vert. n. f. [French.] A married
woman ; w ho is alfo faid to be under
covert baron. Blount.

Fkmi; .Jo/^. ft. f. [French.] A fingle wo-
man ; an unmarried woman.
Fimina'litv. «./. \itoxafoimma, Latin,]
Female nature.
If in the minority of nature! vigour the parts of
femhality take place, upon the iacreafe or growth
thereof the mafculinc appears. Hraisun.

Fs'm I n I N E. adj. [fcemiainui, Latin, ]
I. Of the fex that brings young; female.
Thus we chaftife tlvc god of wine
With water that \ij'tm}nine.
Until the cooler nymph abate
His wrath, and fo concorporate. CUaveland.

2. Soft; tender; delicate.

Herheav'r;ly form
Angelick, but more foft MAfaniniiu. Milion.

3. Effeminate ; emafculated ; wanting man-
linefs.

Nimias wa» no man of war at all, but altogether
feminine, andfubjedled to eafe and delicacy.

Ra/eigi's Hijicry.

Ft'MiNiNE, »,/, A (he; one of the fex
that brings young ; a female.

() ! why did Cod create at lall
This novelty on earth, this fairdefefl
ih nature ? AiiJ not fill the world at once
With men, is angels, viMhoMX feminine f Ml/ten.
Pe'moral. adj. S^femaralii, Latin.] Be-
longing to the thigh.

The larjeft crooked needle (houldbe ufed in takiot-
up KhefcmcraJ arteries in amputation. Sharp.

FEN. «./. [penn. Saxon; -vetinf, Dutch.]
A marfh ; low flat and moid ground ; a
moor; a bog.

Meiico is a city that (lands in the midft ofa mat
■latth or /™ . /I Hat '1 De/cripiion of the If or Id.

I go alone,
' Liicc to a lonely dragon, that W\tfen
Makes fcir'd and taik'd of more than feen. Shal;.
The furface is of black/r-jr earth. H'oodivaiJ.

He to Ponlm's wat'ry marfhes went ;
A longcanal the mudlyy^a divides.
And with a clear unfulij "d current glide«. AdJifcn.
Ft'?cberry. n. f. {fen and berry.'X A
kind of blackl-)erry. Sitnmr.

F£ N c E. //./. [from defence.']
J. Guard ; fecurity ; outwork ; defence.
That proved not/«« enough to the reputation of
tJieir oppreffbrs. Oef ^^ cf Piety.

There's nnferut againft inundation;, e.irthnuakes,
•r hurricanes. VEjirange.

10 put thera out of their patents view, at a great
i.^m<e, a to ispofe them to the gre.iteft dangers
cf Iheir whole life, when they have the leaft /i/r«
»<id guard againft them. Lccke.

Let us bear this awful corps tn C*far,
And lay it in hii fight, that it may «and
t.fcnee betwixt us and the viflor's wrath. /IJdifin.

2._IncIofure; mound; hedge; fortified
boundary.

!n vain did nature's wife command
Divide the waters from the land,
Jf daring (hips and men proplwne,
Jflvade th' inviolable main ;
Th' tttini\fe/tcei overleap.
And pafs at will the boundlef; deep. /),.„ /,„

Shall I n.eutinn make '

Of the vaft mound that binds the Lucrine lake >
Or the difdainfulfea, rh.,1, n.iit from ihenre, '
Kuais toutd Oie rtjuclote, at,i invaijtj \iu: fence /

iJrJlJtn.

FEN

Employ their wiles and unavailing care,
i 0 pals \Y,cfe/ites and furprife ihe fair.
The art of fencing; defence.

Pope.

I bruifed my Ikin ih' other day, with playing at
(word and dagger witha mailer offence. Shakern.

4. Skill in defence. -"^

I'llprcve itou his body, if he dare,
Defpight his nice_/e/.« and his aSive praflice.
^ „ Sbaiefpeare.

To I'ENCE.T.'. a,

I. To inclofe; to fecure by an inclofure or
hedge.

'1 h' inhabitants each pallure and each plain
Deftroyed have, each field to wafte is lade ;
in fenced zovtcn beitowed is thiir grain.
Before thou cam'il this kingdom to invade. Fairfax.

He hath fenced up my way that I cannot pafsj
'n^fttdaiknefs in my paths. Jot, icix. 8.

"^"^ hall clothed me with (kin and flefh, and

F E O

Tf a man be to prepare his fon for duds, I had ra.
thcr inine ihould be a good wrelllcr than an ordinary
fencer, which is the moft a gentleman can attain
to, unlcfs he will be conftantly in ^he: lencinfjchoo/,
and every day exercifing. " L-che

Fen-cricket. n. /. [grniota!j>a.] An
infeft that digs itfelf holes in the ground.
■/oFend. <u. a. [hom defend.] To ke
off; to (hut out.

ieep

Tho

hi\\ftnced me with bones and finews. yr,i. .. . ^.
He went about to niake'a bridge to a Itrong city,
which Wis fenced about with walls. 2 Mae. jtii. 13.
See th jt the churchyard be fenced in with a de-
cent rail or other inclofure. Ayliffe't Parergon.
• To guard ; to fortify.

So much of adders wifdom I have learnt,
To fence my ear againft thy forceries. Milicrn.

With love fo friend, th' impatient lover went,
Fenc'd from the tliorns, and trod the deep defcent.
_. ,, Dryden.

lo J^ENCE T. ff.

1. To praftife the arts of manual defence;
to prat^iife the ufe of weapons.

He having got fome iron, Ihould have it beaten
into Iwords, ar.J put into his fervanti hands to fence
Willi, and bang one another. Lxke.

2. To guard againft; to aft on the de-
fenfive.

Vice is the more (lubbom as well as the more
dangerous evil, and therefore in the firft place to be
fnjed again*. j^^^^,

3. To fight according to art, by obviating

r\lr\tipB •■» ......11 ! * ^

blows as well as givino-.

ll a throllle fing, he falls Itraight a capering :
He wMJence with his own Ihadow. Hbakefp.

A beauteous hciier 111 the wood is bred ;
The ftooping warriors aiming hjtai to head.
Engage their clartiing horns; with dreadlul found
IJie lorcit rattles, and the rocks rebound ;
Hicy/we and pu(h, and pulhing, loudly rnar,
J heir dewlaps and their tides are batli'd in gore.

a Dryden.

A man that cannot fence will keep out of bullies
andgamederscompany. Lode.

'Vktfe, being polemical arts, could no more be
learned alone tlian^fw/W^or cujgelplaying.
J, , Arhulbnot and. Pope.

l-fcNCELESS, adj. [from/e«ff.J Without

inclofure; open.
Each motion of the heart rifes lo fur/.

And love in their weak bofoms is a rajc

As terrible .« hate, and as dellruili', e :

So the wind roars o'er the \i\i.e fencelef ocean.

And heaves the billoivs of the boiling deep,
, ."Vlike )roni,Nortli, from South. Ra-ac'iJareSljciie.
'ENCER. „. f [from fince.] One who

teaches or praiiifes the ufe of weapons,

or fciencc of defence.

Calmncfs is great advantage ; he that lets

Another chafe, may warm him at his fire,

Mark all his wand'rinjs, and enjoy his frets;

As cunning/<w«-r fiilfer heat to lire. Iferiert

A nimble /fwrr will put in a thruft fo quick,

lliai the foil will be in your bofom when you thought
_''^:..«rdofr. ' ^iX.

fENCiBLE. adj. [from fence.] Capable

of defence. Md//i,n.

tc SCINCMA3TER. n.f [fenceani mtr/ier.l

One who teaches the fcience of delcnce,

or the ufe of weapons.
Fe'ncivoschooi.. «.y, [ fence an^l fcfw/.]

A place in, which tUe uie of weapon* is

Spread with draw the bedding of thy fold,
Wiith fern beneath tofendihe bitter cold. DrvJen

TohEHD.'v.n. 16 difpute; to fiiift bff"
a charge.

The dexterous management of terms, and being

able to fend and prove with them, partes for a great

part of learning; but it is learning diltina' froia

^ knowledge. Locie.

Fe'nder. »./. [fromfend.]

1. An iron plate laid before the fire to hin-
der coals that fail from rolling forward-
to the floor.

2. Any thing laid or hung at the fide of a
(hip to keep off violence,

Feker.4,'tion. ». /, {fceueratio, Latin.]
Ufury; the gain of intereft; the prafticc
of increafing money by lending.

The hart! figured not only pufillanimity and ti-
midity from its temper, but feneration and ufury
from its fecundity and fuperfetation. Braun.

Fe'nugreek. n. f. [fc^mtm Qreecum, Lat.]

A plant.
Fe'nnil. n. f. {fcenkulum, Latin.] A
plant of ftrong fcent.

A fav'ry odom- blown, moreplenj'd myfenCe
Than fmcUof fwectell /mk^/, or the teats
Of ewe, or goat, dropping wiiii milk at cv'n.

Mil'air.
hE'NNELFLowER.. w./. [nigal'a.] A plant.
Fe'nnelgiant. 7!,f. [ferula.] A plant,
Fe'nny, adj. \ from fe)i.\

adj. [(rom fen.]
, Marlhy ; boggy ; raoorifli.

Driving in of piles is ufed for ffone or bri.-*-
houfes, and that only where the ground proves ^k/»/
or moorilTl. Mixun.

The hungry crocodile, and hifllng fiiake.
Lurk in the troubl'd ftream and/<-/;»j. brake.

T I ,. . . ^ ''""■■

2. Inhabiting the marfh..

Fillet of 3 Jenny fnake,
In the cauldron boil and bake. Shakeffeart-..

Fe'nnystones. »./. A plant.
Fe'nsucked. <7i!^'. [/f« andy;«.i.] Sucked:
out of marOies.

Iirfeift her beauty,

youfenfuck'd fogs, drawn by ilie powerful fun.

Dr■'A^T^ Shakeffeare's King Lear.

thOD.n. f. [feodum, low Latin.] Fei; ;

tenure. jjj^^

Ft'oval. adj. [fiodal, French, fro-mfeod.']

Held from another.
Fe'ouary. ». /. [from fodtcm, L.ntin.]
One who liolds his eilatc 'under the tenure
of fuit and fcrvice to a fuperior lord.

J/aamer-
To FEOFF.. ^. a., [fief, firffer, French ;
feoffare, low Latin.] '1 o put in pof-
feiiion ; to invert with rightv
FEOfFi't. n. f. [>if"«//«.. Latin ; _/&//,
; trench.] One put in poffefTion.
: The late cJil of Scfmond, before his brcakine
forth into rebellion,. conveyed fecrcily all his l,i,i,i'
tofeofees in truft, in hope to have cut 08 hor ma-
jclty Irom the efchcat of his lands. Sj^fc.

J'e'offer. n. f [/■^iffl/or, J«v J.atin,T
One V. ho gives poaellion-ofatiy thing..'
' See l''roi'-i'Mr.wT.

Fi'orFMENT. ,.../. [fi„ffHme„t,m, Latin.]
I i lie aijt of granting pufll-flion.

Any

F E R

ikaygifl orgrini of any honours, caflleii Umli, or

»ther iinm.>veahle thing>, tu another in fee fimiilc,

that is, to him and hij heiri forever, by the delivery

of feifin ot the thing given: when it is in writii)S,

it is called a deed oi fe'jffmcm \ and in zitx-jfcof-

mertt the givsr is called the (toSor, fc(iff.Uc», and

he that recciveth by virtue thereof the feoffee,

fc<ijfattu. The proper difference bctv»een a feolfer

and a donor is, that the feofi'er gives in fec-limplc, the

donor in fee-tail. Coy/il.

Fera'city, ». /. f fetacUas, l^atiii.]

Fruitfulnefs ; fertility. iiia.

Tt'mM.. aJj. [_/ff«/;/. Latin.] Futiereal ;

deadly. ^'^?-

Fkria'tion. ir./.{feri/fth,lM\n,] Tlie

a(i of keeping holiday; ceflation from

work.

As though there were any firl^rifn in nature, ibis
feafon is commonly leiineii the phyiiciaiis vacation.

Hro ivn.

FE'RINE, aJj. {firimts, Latin.] Wild;

favage.

The only difficulty is touehtng tlityfe/rw, noxi-
ous, and untameable heafts J as, lion?, tygcts, wolves,
bears. 'l-<'f-

Feri'nehess. a. /. [from firhic.\ JB»r-
baritv ; favagenefs ; wildnefs.

A ferine and neceffitqus kind of life, a conver-
fatlon with thofe that were falkn into a barbarous
habit of life, would aliimiUie the Ile^t gcneraliou to
barbarilm inifiriiiene/s. ll-tlr.

Fe'rity. «. /. {feiilas, iMm.] Parba-
rity ; cruelty ; "wildaefe ; favageaefs.

He reduced him from (he moft abjcd and llupid
fciitj to his fcnfts, and lo 'obcr reafoii.

//'i.oJwun^'s N'Muial WJitiry .
To FERME'.NT. i'. a. [fermeulo, Latin;
firmetiter, Fr.] To exalt or rurify by in-
telUne motion of parts.

Yc vig'rous fwains ! while youlli ferments your
And purer fpiriti Iwell the fprighily flood, [blood.
Now range the hills, the tliickert woods bofet,
Wind the Ihrill horn, orfprcad the wating net.

Pope.

TbFerme'nt. w. n. To have the parts

put into inteftine motion.
Ft'RMENT. «. /. [firmeat, French ; /f/--

mentum, Latin.] .

1. That which caufts inteftine motion.

.The fem' n puts females into a fever upon inipreg-
t>ation; ami all anmal humours which poifon, are
^\iVzi\.i\^ ferments. • Plnyer.

2. Inteftine motion ; tumult.

Subdue and cool the/ rinent of dcfire. Regrrt.

FeRMu'ntabi.k. adj. [from ferment.^
Capable of fermentation.

Ferme'ntal. ndj. \ixQi\x\ fermetit.'] Hav-
ing the power to caufe fermentation.
Not ufed.

Cucumben, b;ing wateriftiy fill the veins with
crude and windy ferofidcs, that contain little fall
orfpirii, and debilitate the vital acidity and//-
mentat faculty of the fton»ach. lir„uii.

FrRMENTA'i lON.f/./. [firmentatio, Latin j
A flow motion of the inteftine particles
of a mixt body, arifing ufually Iroin the
opewtion of fome aftive acid matter,
which rarifies, exalts, and fiihrilizes the
foft and fiilphureous particles : as when
leaven or yelt rarifies, lightens, and fer-
ments bread or wort. And this motion
differs mtich from that uftially_ called
ebullition or effervefcence, which is a vi-
olent boiling and ftruggling between an
acid and an alkali, when mixed together.

Hiirrii.

The juice of grapes, after/«)iK»(a/((;», will j^cld
i^fpiritui ardeus, ti(,yle,

A man, by tumbling his thoughts, and forming
Ihca into eif refiions, gives them » ocw kind oiyirr-

F E R

meKiathii; which works them into « finef hodv,
4nd mdke> them much clearer than they were
before. CMkrtfFritndJkrf.

T!ie fap, in fluent dance.
And livelyyif«»ir/T/<i//&*, mounting, fpreads
All this iniiumcrous coloured I'cene of things.

^ihotnfon,
FERMj'KTATtVE- adj. [ffom firmtftit.]
iCaufmg fermentation ; having the power
to caufe fermentation.

Aromatical Tpirits dcllroy by iht'ir fermentative

heat. jirbuthnot.

FERN. It. f. [peapn, Sajton.] K plant.

The leaves jirc formed of a number of fmall pin-
nulc'-, dentatvd on the cdge.s and let clafc one by
another on tk»der ribs. On the bick of thtfe
pinnulcjari produced ilie fceds, fmall and extremely
jium-rous. The country people cftccm it a fovc-
rci^ii remedy d<.c«^l«:d for the tickets in children.

urn.

Black was the fored, thick with beech it (load,
J.loriiJ.wi(liy"<-r;r, and inlncale with-thorn ;
Few pa llispliliumaii feet or tracks of bealb were worn.

D}ydcti.

There are great varieties ai fern jn.diffetent parts
of tlie wqiildj hut jthey are feldoio cultiured in
p.'^rdcns. M'tlirr.

Ft 'RNy..fl<^'. |[|tt>ai _/<■«/.] 0\ej-*ro\vn with
ferfl.

TJie herd fuffic'd, did late repair
To ferf.y heaths, and to their t'ofelUlare. Dryd

FeiRu'ciqUs, ffdj. \^finx, Latin; feroct,
French.]

1 . lavage ; fiieree.

.Smediey rofe in wiajefty of mud ;

Shaking the horrors of his ample brows,

Acd eachyivvr/V** feature grisn with ooze. P^fe,

2. Ravenous ; rapacious.

The inu-e, that becometh a prey unto man, unto
beads and fowls of the air, is fruitful even unto lii-
per/"etation i but the lion and yj-'oe/'^j- animal hath
young ones but feldoniy and but one at a time.

Br6'w/t's f^t/Jg.ir Errct/rs.

FeRo'citY. ;/. / [ferocitai, hutin ; frro-
cite, French, from ferociom.^ Savage-
nefs; wildnefs; fiercenefs.

An uncommon _/<T&c//y in my c.iunlcnance, with
the remarkable llaM.cfi of my nofr, and eitciu ol
my mouth, have procured me the name of lion.

ylj.iijtjn^i CuarJian,

Untaught, uncultivated, as they were
Inhofpitable, full oi fer!,ciiy. Phillps's Briton.

Fe'rheous. oay. \Jcnem, Latin.] Irony;

gf iron.

In the body ef glafs there i« no ferrrom or magne-
tical nature. ltroicn*s I-^u.'gur Krr(.ias.

FL'RRE'I'. n. /. [fared, Wellh ; ftint,
French ; f-rret, Dutch ; t'ivcirtt, Latin.]
I. A kind of rat with red eyes and a loiig
fnout, ufed to catch rabbits. They ;ire
Aiid to have been brought hither from
Africa.

With what an eager eamcdncfs (lie looked, having
thrcatning not only in her ff ret eyes, but while flic
fp.ike, hemofe leeintd to threaten her chin.

Hitimy,
Cicero
Looks with fuch /f 1 rr/ .ind fuch fiery eyes
.'Vs wc have (cen lilm. .Siaie/fienn'i fuUus Cerfir.
Coneys are takeneiihcr byjeritti or puife-nets.

McrliiKer.

%. A kind of narrow woollen tape.

To Ff.'rrkt. i;. a. [from the noun.] To

drive out of lurking places, as the ferret

drives the coney.
The archbilliop h»i frietteJ him out of .ill his

holds. //cv/i>.

Fi'rr et: R. «. /. [from^rn"/.] One that

hunts another in his privacies.
Fe'rriage. tt. f. [fiomyiry-.] The fare

paid at a ferry.
1

F E R

Ferru'cinous. adj, [femi^iittux, French ;

ferriigwetis, Latin.] Partaking of the

particles and qualities of iron.
They arc cold, hot, purgative, diurelick, _/<T.
ifugiMovjf faliiK, pctrcfyiiig, and bituminous. Ruy.
rE'R,«,ULE. K. y. [from ferrum, iron,

Latin.] An iron ting put round any

thing to keep it from cracking.

1 he fingers ends iK ftrengthened with nails, ai
we fortify the ends of our tUves or forks with iron
hoops otfrrules. Rtiy,

To FE'RR V. 'V. a. [pajran, to pafs, Saxon ;
fahr, German, a iraffage. Skinner ima-
gines that this whole family of words
may be deduced from the Latin -jtho. I
do not love Ijitin origi.nals ; but if fuch
mutt be fought, may not thcfe word.s l>e
more naturally derived fromyJm., to be
carried ?] To carry over in a boat.

Cymocles heard and faw.
He loudly call'd to fuch as were aboard.
The little bark unto the (hore to draw.
And him lo ferry over that deep ford, f'atry S^yeex,

To Fk'rry. -v. h. To pafs over water in
a veffcl or carriage.

Thence hurried back to fire,
Thcsfeny over this Lethean found
Botli to and fro, their foiTow to augment. MT/rtrt.

Fe'rry. 7 »• /• [from the verb, and

Fe'rryboat. J ioa/.]

1 . A veffel of carriage ; a vefTel in which
goods or pafTengers are carried o\'er water.

By this time was the worthy Guyon brought
Unto the other fide of that wide liranJ,
Where fne was rowing, and for palTa^c fought : .
Him needed not long call, Qie foon to hand
Her/i7ij brought. Paiiy S^ueen,

Bring them with imagin'd fpeed
Unio ilie Trajeft, to the common ^rrry
Which trades to Veniee. Sbake/j/xare,

Af'rryUai to curry over the king's houfehold.

2^'j. xix. |8.

1 went down to the river Brent in the ordinary
ferry. AMiifin.

2. The pafTage over which the ferry boat
pafTts.

Fl'rryman. w. /. [y^rry and «r^//.] One
who keeps a ferry ; one who for hire
tranfporto goods and pafTengers over the
water.

1 paft, mcthought, the melancholy flood.
With that p\mferryn:ati which poets write of.
Unto the kingdom of perpetual night. Sbakejpeare.

The camman ferryman oi Egypt, that wafted over
the dead bodies from Memphis, was made by the
Greeks \\\z ferryman of hell, and foKmn ftories
railed after him. Brown,

The grilly/ci/7<»an of hell deny'd

yEiicaseulrance, 'till he knew his guide. R'fom.

Ferth or Forth, Common terminations
are the fame as in Engliib an army ;
coming from the Saxon word p.v)i^.

Gihfon.

FE'RTILE. adj. [fertile, French ; fertilis,
Latin.]

1. Fruitful; abundant; plenteous.

I had hope of France,
As firmly as I hope (or fertile England. .'iktk.

I have' had a large, a fair, and a pleafant field ;
k fertile, that it has given me two hatvells in a
Summer. Dry Jen.

1 alk whether in the uncultivated Avafte of Ame-
rica, a ihoufand acres yield as many conveniencies
of life as ten acres of Cvjually feitile land do in
Dcvonlhite > ' Ltjcke.

View the wide earth adotn'd with hilK and woods,
Rich in her herds, 3ni fertile by her Hoods

Bluckmcre,

2. With o^before the thirvg produced.

The earth \i fertile of M kind of graio. Can: Jen.

This

F E R

This Klppy country is extrexaely Jerll/e, « tf

riiofc above, To lilccwifc of iu produdiions under

grrtiind. ^ocU-wan/.

FE'RTILFNESt. »./ [':om fertile.] Fruit-

fulnefs ; fecundity.
T» Ferti'litate. 'V. a. [from ^r/iit.]
To fecundate ; to fertilize; to make fruit-
ful or produdive. Not in ufe.

A cock will in one iiyfersUilaie the whole race-
mation or cluiiet of eggs not excluded in aianv
weelcs after. Bro-ui

Ferti'lity. n.f. \feriililas, Latin.] Fe-
cundity ; abundance ; fruitfulnefs ; plen-
teoufnefs.

1 will go root away
The noilbme weeds, that without profit fvck
The (oWifertilhy from wholefome flowers.

Sbakfp. Rhb.U.
Faradife itfclf exceeded ia beauty aad yn-;;ViV)> ;
and thefe places had but a icfemblancc thereof.

RuUigb't UiJIory.
The quicknefs of the imagination is fecn in ihs
invention, ^t fertility in the&ncy, and the acci;rac)
in the cxpieiTion. Dry Jen.

To inundations Egypt, through which the Nile
flows, and the Indies owe their extraordinary _/!>-
lillly, and thofe mighty cropt they prodOce after
thefe watcn are withdrawn. Waodtvard.

7i Fektili'ze. v. a, [/fr/;7;z^r, French.]
To make fruitful ; to make plenteous ;
to make produfHve ; to fecundate.

Rain-water carries along with it a fort of ter-
reftrial matter that/rrt;V/=<-j the land, as being pro-
per for the formation of vegeubles. H'mdvtrJ.,

Fi'rtily. ad-v. [irom fertile. Fruitfully;
plenteoufly; plentifully; abundantly.

FE'RVENCY. «./. [fir-vens, Latin.

1. neat of mind; artlour; cagernefs.

Your diver
Did hang a filh on his hook, which he
Wuhferveticy drew up. Sbaltt/feare.

2. Pious ardour; flame of devotion; zeal.
We have on all fides lolt moft of our brU /enemy

towards God. Uaoter, DtJUjtkn.

There muft be leal zni ferveney in him which

.propofeth for the reft thofe fults and fupplications,

which ihey by their joyful acclamations muft ratify.

Hooker.

When yo« pray, let it be with attaotian, with

ftrveney and with perfeverance. IVake.

Ff'RVBNT. adj. [fer^enr, Latin -, ferven/,

French,
r. Hot ; boiling.

The fountains
Bolbling wave did e»e- frelhly wade
Ne ever would ihrough/rrv.-»/ Sjmmcr fade.

Hfetifer.

From the plilegmatick humour, the proper allay

e,f finrrti blood, will flow a future 5 jietude and

ferc.iiti-de. nctt„r..

2. Hot in temper ; vehement.

They that are monfervenr to difputt, be not al-
way.i the moft able to determine. H<Mker.

3. Ardent in piety ; warm in xeal ; flaming
with devotion.

This min f-cing fmvert; in the fp irir, fau|hl dili-
feofly the thii-^- of the l.ord. Al:lt, xviii. 15.

*^.; (fA<- [hr/.rmti angel; but hisieal
^ . atoul of leal'on iudg'd.

' ilralh. Miit<,n-$raradl/eVtfi.

• into the myfterious points of
' ' withy<Tir«/ petitions to God,

' , .''-• their minds to direfl all their

lltiil to (ne proiTiotion of a good life. Scuib.

Ft'RVENTLY. ad-u. [from/crT«,/.]

1. Eagerly; vehemently.

The; all that cliarge A\A fervently apply ;
V/iih grtfrly m.4lice and importun* toil. faWy O.

2. With pious ardour; with holy zeal.

iluteth you, labouring /rri/M//, for you

,- ■ -' fx** Of 'J'st b* faflirs, fo hc'ruflfcr

V ut. i.

FE 5

well, and be the friend of Chrift; nor ahcre nor
when he fullers, fo he may do it frequently, ftr-
ventlyi and acceptably. luyUr.

FfRVID. eJj. [fer-viJm. Latin.]
1. Hot; burning; boiling,
z. Vehement; eager; zealous.
FERVi'piTv. 71./. [from fei-jiJ.

1. Heat.

2. Zeal ; pafTion ; ardour. Dift.
Fe'rvidness. »./. [ixom ferviJ.] Ardour

of mind; zeal; paliion.

As to the healing of M.iLhus's ear. in the ac-
count of the meek Lamb of God, itw.ts a kind oi
injury done to him by xhe feriistne/i of Si. I'etcr,
who knew not yJt whatfpitu he was of. Benthy.

FE'KULA. n.f [feruU. French; from
ferula, giant fennel, Latin.] An in-
Urument of correftion with which young
fiholarsare beaten in the hand : fo named
becaufe anciently the llalks of fennel were
ufed for this purpofe.
Thefe diticr as much, as the rod mtdfini/^t.

Sia%u's Gramm.

To Ferule, -v. a. To chaftile with the

ferula.
FjRVOur. ?t. f. [fervor, Latin; ferveur,

French.]

1, Heat; warmth.

Were it an undeniable truth that an efie^lual
fert/Qur proceeded from this Itar, yet would not the
fame determine tlic opinion, Brruin.

Like bri^Iit .Aurora, wliofe refulgent ray
Foretells \X\e./trVfiur of enfuing day.

And warns the Ihepherd with his flacks retreat
To leafy fiiadows, from the threaten 'd heat. IS'ailer.

Thefe lUvcr drops, like morning dew.
Foretell the />ri««r ot the day ;

So from one cloud lott Uiow'is we vieW|
Ani b ailing lighmingi burllaway. Pope.

2, Heat of mind ; zeal.

Odious it muil needs have been to aboIiOi thit
which all had held lor the fpice of many ages,
without rcafon fo great as might in the eye^of im-
partial mn\ appe.ir fufiicient to clear them from all
blame of ralh proceedings, if iny^ri'wofical they
had removed fuch ihmgs. Huikef.

Haply defpaif hath feii'd h^rj
Or, wing'd wiih/«n/o«<roi her love, ihe's flown
Toherdefir'd Polihumus. Sb,tke/piate' t Cym!>,

3, Ardour of piety.

There will be a^oretto, in a few ages more,
Jewell of the greateft value in Europe, if the devo-
tion of its princes continues ia iu fn:(a>t /er-vtur,

AiiJ'Jon btt Italy.
Ft'scuF. n.f. U.eefe, Dutch; frfti. Fr.J
A fmall wire oy which thofe who tcuch
to read point out the letters.

Teach him an alphabet upon his fingers, ntakiog
the points of his hiigcrs of his left hand both on
the iiilide to liznifyfomc letter, wh.:n any of litem is
pointed at by the Icie fti.ijer of the right tuud, or by
any kindof_/f/<ri(/. Holder.

Teach them how sninly poflioni ought t j move ;
For fuch as cannot think, can never love;
And lince they needs will judge the poet's art,
Foint 'em -Kx-Mf/curt to cjck Ihififng part. DryJ.

Fe'iels, n.f A kind of bafe grain.

Difd lin not/fch or poor veth lu fow,
Or care to make Kgypiian IcntiU thrive. Mmi

F18SE. «./. [In heraldry.]

Thryj^ ii fo called of the l.itin ward fjjda, a
band or girdle, poirclTing the third pan of ThccLut.
cliron over the middle : if there be above out, yon
muft call them bars ; if with the field there be idd
pieces, as fcven or nine, then yiu mult name ih:
Scld, and faj fi. many bars; if even, as fix, eiqli',
or tin, you mjs fiy barwilc, or harry of fix, eitlit,
or ten, ai the kir.g of Hungary bears argent and
gules, bairy of tight. fej.bjmmt B/,iz',mng.

ToFt'sTER. <!/. n. \f,ffe, in Bavarian, a
fvvelling corrupted, fHniut. ] To rankle ;
to corrupt ; to grow virulcHt,

FES

I might, CWB in my lady's prefentr, difcoverthe
fere whic.': hid JeeplyJ*V^erf</ within me. Siiiaey.

Inward corruption and infected fin,
Notpiirg'd, notheal'd, behind remained ftill,
Aild/rfieritrg fore did rankle yet within. I'ltiry ^

How Ihould aw/f/iereti lores be cured .' Honker,

■I havefomc wounds upon me, and tlicy fitiart.
To hear themfel\ifs remember'd.
—Well might ihz-j/efier 'gainft ingratitude.
And teat themfelvcs » ith d:atl). SbaU/f, Coriot.

Mind that their fouls
May make a peaceful and a fwect retire
From off tlufe fields, where, wretches, their pool'

bodies
Muft lie mi/^er. Shakrfpeare's Henry V,

I'heic was imagination, that between a knight
whom the duke had taken into fome good degrc*
of favour, and Fehon, there had been ancient quar-
rels not yet well healed, which might perhaps b«
f filling in his breait, and by a certain inflamma.
tion produce this efteft. ff'ofait.

Paliion and unbindncfs may give a wound that
fhall bleed and fmart ; but it is treachery tliat makes
Ufijier. ■ South.

FE'.STINATE. „dj. [fiftinatus, Latin.]
Hafty; hurried. A word not in ufe.

Advife the duke, where you are going, to a mod
fejiinaie preparation : we are bound to the like.

Sliakefp. KtKg hear,
Fi'sTlNATEt.Y. adtf. [from fiftinate.]
Haftily ; fpeedily j with fpeed. Not in '
ufiN

Take this key; give enlargement to the fwain,
and bring himyftf/;w/f/)/ hither. Sbake/feare. .

Festina'tion. n. f [feftimtio, Latin.]
Hade; hurry.

FE'STIVAL. adj. {fcfli-vus, Latin.] Per-
taining to feafts ; joyous.

He appeared at great tables, and fjlival enter-
tainments, that he might manileft his divine charity
to men. Alterbury^

Fe'stival. ». / Time of feaft; anniver*
fary-day of civil or religious joy.

So tedious is this day.
As is the night before hmtfe/lival.
To an impatient child tiiat hath new robes.
And may not wear them. Shake ff. Rom. and Jul,

Th' invited lifters with their graces blelt
Thar/Jiivah. Saiidyt,

Tlic' morning trumpetsy^^/Vd/ proclaim'd
Through each highftrett. Mi^ton'e A^ini/lei,

Follow, ye nymphs and fhejihcrds all.
Come celebrate this/Jiirral,

And merrily (ing, and fpart, and play; ;.

'Tis Oriana's nuptial day. Oranvi/ie,

By facritice of the tongU"S they purged away what-
ever tjicy had fpoken amifs during \hcf/lii.al.

Brocme on the OJyjfy,

"Hie fe/iival of our Lord's refurrcilion wc have
celebrated, and may now conlidcr the chief co.ife^
ijucnce of his refurrection a judgment to coi^.

Atterbur'fi Sermons.

Fe'stxve. odf {^ffivm, Latin.] Joyom t
gay ; befitting a feart.

The glad circle round them yield tlieir fouls
"Va/'Jlitie mirth and wit that knows no gall, thorn.

Festivity, w./. [fjli-vita,, Latin; from
fjn^e.]

1. heftival; time of rejoicing.

The dangliter of Jc;)htlia came fo be worfhippej
as a deity, and had an annual ftjlivity obl'crvcd unto
her honi.ur. Broiun.

There happening a great and folemn /rjli-uiiy,
fuch as ihe llieep-ftiearing« ufed to he, David con-
dcfcends to beg of a rich man fome ftaall repaid.

South,

2. Gaiety ; joyfulncfs ; temper pr behaviour
befitting a fcall.

To fome perfons there is no better inftrument to
caufe the remembrance, and to endear the affec-
tion to the article, than the rccoiiunending it by
/.Jlimty and joy of a holy-day. Taylor.

FESTd'oN. n.f. \fi/lm, French.] An or-
nament of carved work in the form of a
5 IJ wreath

F E T

wreath or garland of flowers, or leaves
twifted together, thickeft at the middle,
and fu fpended by the two extremes, u hence
It hangs down perpendicularly. Harris.
i\'srv cin K. aJJ. [fe/iuca, lAiin.] Straw-
colour between green and yellow.
Theftio m»y be difcovercd a little infefl of a
Jrjiucine or pile greeo, refembling a locuft or grafs-
hopp«r. Bnix-H.

Festo cous. adj. [fijiuca, Latin.] Formed
of ftraw.

Wc fpeak of Draws, ot feftucMs i'Miont, lightly
drawn over with oil. Bniun'i Vulgar Encurs.

Te Fet. ■J/, a. To fetch; to go and bring.
Not in ufe.

Get home with thy fewel, make ready tojei.
The fooner the eafier carriage to get. g 'Tujfcf.

But for he was unable them to/t/,
A little boy did oa him dill attend. Fairy Qurtrt.

And they fet forth Urijah out of Egypt to Jclioia-
Vim, who flew him with the fwotd. ^r. xxvi. 2j.

Fet. n.f. [I fuppofe from _/a;V, French, a
part or portion, j Apiece. Not in ufe.

. The bottom clear
Now taid with many ifct
Of feed-pearl, ere (he bath'd her there
Was known as black as jet. Dray.'oft.

To FETCH, "v.a. \>Ktct. fetched ; anciently
fet, unlefs it rather came from To fet,
[peccan, pertan, Saxon.]

1. To go and bring.

They have devis'd a mean
How he her chamber-window will afccnd,
And with a corded \3.iicx fetch her down. Shakefp.
We will take men tofetcb viiSuals for the people.

yJg^T.

Co to the flock, mi fetch me from thence two kid

{oats. Gemjis,

The feat of empire where the Irifh come,
And the unji'illii>gScat>;h, to fetch their doom.

lialUr.
Draw forth the monflers of th' ahyfs profound,
Os fetch th' aerial eagle to the ground. Vcfc.

2. To derive ; to draw.

On, you noblell Englilh,
Whofe blood \%fi!cb'd from fathers olwar-prnof.

Shak/ffeare,

3. To ftrike at a diftance.

The conditimiS of weapons, and their improve-
ments, ate \hxfetckijig afar off; for that outruns the
danger, as it is ictn in ordnance and mulkets. Haan.

4. To bring to any ftate by fome powerful
operation.

In fmells we fee then' great and fudden efFefl in
fttebiug men again, when they fwoon. Bjc^n.

-At Rome any of thofe ails immediately thrives,
under the encouragement of the prince, and may be
feicbtH up to its perfeflion m ten or a doxcn years,
V«hich is the work of an age or two in ot.her coun-
tries. ' Add fort tn Italy.

5. To draw within any confinement or pro-
hibition.

CKrneral terms may fufficiently convey to 'he
people what our intentions are, and jet r.otyr/c A us
within the compafsof the ordinance. Sjrtdtrfon,

b. To produce by fome kind offeree.

Thefe ways, if there were any fecret excellence
among them, would fetch it out, and give it fair
opportunities toadvance itfelf by. Mili(,n.

An human foul without cdiicalion is like marble
in the quarry, v/hich Ihews none of its beauties 'till
«ht (kill of the polilherye/f/j; J out the colours.

A.idfiti'i Spef}alcr.

7. To perform : It is applied to motion or
caufe.

V\\ fetch a turn about the garden, pitying
The pangsof barr'd afteitiuii;; though t!ie kin*
Uaih eharg'd you Ihould not fj-eak toeether. Sbjk.

When evening grey dotlir.le, \ fetch my round
Over the niojnr. ' hlilt^n.

To co;iie 10 that pbcr they mull /.•/.* a lompals
(htec muc-. aaU\ei.|^tithauii ihro. l> < loiei)-.

K'iiUiU Hijhrj.

FET

8. To perform with fuddenefs or violence.

Note a wild and wanton herd,
Or race ofyoulhful and unhandlcd colts.
Fetching mad bounds, bellowing and neighing loud.

Sbaltefpeare.

The iax fetched a hundred and a hundread leaps at

a delicious clutter of grapes. h' EJlrange^

Talk to her ai an unfortunate young laJy that loft

her beauty by the fmall-pox, (tie fetches a deep figh.

Addifon.

9. To reach; to arrive at ; to come to.

Mean time ftcw our Ihips, and Anight v/eftlcht
The fyrens iile ; a fpleenlefs wind ib Itretcht
Her wmgs to waft us, and fo utg'd our keel. Chafm.

If earth, induttrious of herlelf.yrtfi day
Travelling Halt; and with her part averfe
From the fun's beam, meet night ; her other part
Still luminous by his ray. AIiltoH*s Faradife Lcji.

The h.ire laid himfelf down, and took a nap; for,
fays he, I i^a fetch up the tortoife when 1 pleafe.

L'Eftratige.

10. To obtain as its price.

During fuch a ftate, filver in the coin will never
fetch as much as the lilver in bullion. Lacke.

7b Fetch, v. n. To move with a quick
return.

Like a fhifled wind unto a fail,
It makes the courfe of thoughts xd fetch about.

Shakefpeare,
Fetch, n.f. [from the verb.] A Itrata-
gem by which any thing \s. indiretlly per-
formed ; by which one thing fceins in-
tended and another is done ; a trick ; an
artifice.

An envious neighbour h cafy to find.
His cumberfomey^/i-Afj are feldom behind :
His^e/ro is to liatter, to get whit he can j
His purpofe once gotten, a pin lor thee then. Hujfer.

It if ifrtch of wit ;
You laying thefe Uight fullies on-my fon,
As 'twere a thing a little foil'd i' th' working.

Sbjk. Uamlit.
But Sidrophel, as full of trioks
As rota men of politicks,
Stright caft about to over- reach
Th' unwary conqu'rar with z. fetch. HuJiiras.

With tliisyiYfi he laughs at the trick he lutli
plaid me. Still.

Tlie fox had a fetch in't. LTJlrange.

From thefe inlfances ^ni fetches
Thou mak'll of horfcs, clocks, and watches ;
Quoth Mat, thou feem'ft to mean
That Alma is a mere machine. Frier,

Fe'tcher. n.f. [{ram fetch.] One that

fetches any thing.
FE'TID. adj. [fetidits, Latin; fe/id, Fr.]

Stinking; rancid; having a fmeil ftrong

and offeniive.

Moll putrefjflions are of an odious fmell ; for they
fmcll either fetid or mouldy. Bacin.

In the mol^ Icvere orders of the church of Rome,
thofe who pradile abitiuence, feel after n fetid hot
eruttations. AibuthiM.

Pla?ue, f.crceft child of Nemefis divine,
Defcends trom Hihiopia's poifon'd woodr,
From Ibfled Cairo's liith and fetid helds. Thomfon.

Ft'TiDNESs.a./. [fromy«'/;d'.] The quality

of ftinking.
Fe'tlock, n.f. [feet and loci.] A tuft
of hair that grows behind the pallern joint
of many horfcs ; horfes of a low fize iiave
fcarce any fuch tuft. Farrier's DUi.

Their wounded ftceds
finfeiltck deep in gore, and with wild rage
Verk out their armed heels ut iheir dead mailers.

i'A.ikefi>. Itenry V.
While were the fetlocks of his lect beiore,
And m his front a (howy (lar he bore. Diyderi.

Fii'iuK, n. f. \fczlor, Littin.] A ft'ink ;

a ftench ; a ftrong and offonfive fmell.

1 he flit may dilcove i itfelf by fweal and hu-

moLii. Brown.

When the f;mn'o;i)i are attendcii(iitha/«»r 01

F E V

any kind, fuch « difeafe will be curei fcjr icefceat
fubflances, and none better than whey. Artuthmt.

FE'Tl ER. ». /. It is commonly ufed in
the plural y^z/rrr. [irom feet ; peeeep*,
Saxon.] Chains for the feet ; chains by
which walking is hindered.

Doflrine unto fools is as fetters on the feet ; snd
like manacles on the right hand. Ecelef. xxi. iq.

Drawing after me the chains and Jitters where
unto I have been tied, I have by other men's errours
fiiled- Raleigh.

PalTions too fierce to be in fetters bound,
And nature flies him like enchanted ground. DrjJ.

The wretch in double fetter, bound,
Vour potent mercy may rcleafe. Prior.

Pleafure arofe in thofe very parts of his leg that
juft betore had been Ib much pained by the ftter.

. ■ . . AdJi/in.

I thought her pride
Had broke your fetters, and afTur'd your freedom.

To it'TTER. v. a. [from the noun.] 'I'o
bind ; to enchain ; to (hackle ; to tie.
It is properly ufed of the feet, but is ap-
plied to other reftraints.

Neither her great worthinefs nor his own fuffer-
i»g tor her, za\s\i fetter his ticklenefs. Sidney.

•My confciijicc! thou tsn fetter' d
More than my Ihanks and wtilb. Shakefp. Cymi.

Fetter ftrong inadnefs in a iilken thread ;
Charm ach with air, and agony »ith words. Skje,

Doth a marter chide his fervant becaufc he doth
not come, yet knows that the fctvant is chained and
fttieied, lb as he cannot more ? Bramhall.

A chiin which man to fetter man has made ;
By ariiticc inipoi'd, by fear obey'd. Friar.

ToY\! xt\.r. i-.n. [A cant word from
feel.] To do trifling bufinefs ; to ply
the hands without labour.

When your m.ifter is moll bufy in company, come
in and preiend 10 _/>///> about the room ; and if he
chider, lay you thought he rung the bell. Szfift.
Fl'tus. »./ \faeitis, Latin.] Anyanir.wr
in emhrio ; any thing yet in the womb,;
any thing unbt>rn.

Tlul paradox of Hippocrates fome learned phyj-
cians have of late revived, that the fetus refpires in
the womb. Buyle.

Feud. «. /. fpeahb, enmity, Saxon.]
Quarrel ; contention ; c^ipofi'tion ; war.

■J hough men would find fuch tsiosti\ feuds
In Iharing of their public goods. Hudihras.

In former ages it was a policy of France to raife.
and cherilh intelline feuds and difcords in Great
Britain. _ Addifut.

Scythia moutns
Our guilty wars, and earth's remotcft regions
Lie half unjieoplcd by tlie feuds of R*nu. Add!/..

FEU'DAL. <7a>-. [fttdalis, lew Latin.] Per-
taining to fees, feus, or tenures, by whicJi
lands are held of a fupcriour lord.
Fr.u'oAL. n.f. A dependance ; foracthing
held by tenure ; a fee ; a feu.

Wales, that was not .ilwayj theyf».y,i/ territory of
England, having been governed by a prince- of their
own, h.id lawi utterly llraiigc to the laws of England.

lUe.
tEUD.^TORV, n. f. [ixom feudal.] One
who holds not in chief, but by fome
conditional tenure from a fuperiour.

The duke of Parma was tempted to be true to
that enterprizc, by no lefs promilc than to be made
a fud.mry. or beneficiary king of Englatid, under
tlie fcigniory in chict of the pope, and the proieftioii
of Spain. liacM.

FE'VER. n.f. \fe^re,Ytcnd\;fihris, Lat.]
A difeafe in which the body is violcnily
heated, and the pulfe quickened, or ia
which heat and cold prevail by turns. It
is fometimes continual, fomctimes inter-
mittent.
Tbinl'ft tljou the &»)■ fever will tp out

With

FEW

With titles blown from adulation f

Will it give place to flexure and low benJine ?

Skakeff. Heary V.
Duncan is ir his gra^e;
Ai'ter life's fitful /Hrr he ileeps well. ShArff.

Should not aliiigeringyfx'cr be remov'd,
fiecaufeit long has rag'd within my blood ? DiyJrn.
He had never dreamed in his life, 'till he had the
frver he was then newiy recovered of. Lccle,

7o FeVer. -v. a. [from the noun.] To
put in a fever.

The white hand of a Xiiyfe^vr thee !
Shake to look on't. S'iaitfp. ^itt. am J Clef.

Her blood ^Ifcvn^d^ and with a turious leap.
She fprung from bed diltrai^ed in her mind. Drxd,
Fs'vERET. n. f. [ixom fez-er.'] A flight
fever; febricula.

A light_/Ho-«, or an old quartan ague, U not a
fufHcicnt excufe for non appearance. Aye/ifft,

FeVerfew. a.yl [_/^cr« andy^fo, Latin.]
A plant.

Common Jrvtrfcvi is the fort ufed in medicine,
and is found wild in many parts of England. Miller.
Fe'verish. aJj. [itotn fiver.^

1. Difeafed with a fever.

To other climates beafts and b'.nU retire,
ADi^n-cri/h nature burns iu her own fire. Crtecb.

When an animal that gives fuck lutmfnitrijh,
that is, its juices more alkaline, the milk turns
ftom its native genuine whitenefs tu yellnw.

Arbutbnttt on Aliment:.

2. Tending to fever.

Kfcvcttjh dilorder difabled me. S^viftto Pope.

3. Uncertain i inconltant; now hot, now

cold.

We tofs and turn about efisrfeverijk will.
When all our cafe muil coroc by lying llill ;
For all the happineli^ mankind can gain.
Is not in pleafure, but ia reft ffom pain. Orjita,

4. Hot; burning.

Ai;d now four days the fun had (ccn our woes.
Four nights th' moon bclield th' incellant tire ;

itfcem'd ai if the ftars more fickly rofe.
And larOier from tht/t'vcrtjh North retire. Dryd,
Fi'vFRlSH.N ESS. n.J. \UnmfirceriJh.'\ A

flight diforder of the fcverilh kind.
FE'vERous.a/^' [Jlrvreux-/e, i'Kncbi from
/e-.er.]

1. Troubled with a fever or ague.

Thou mid'ft ihiae enemifs fliake, as if the world
We»e/ric/-i)»», and did tremble. Shaluff. C<,rit,l.

2. Having the nature of a fever.

AIiyri'V-.jM kinds,
Conrulfions, epilepfie?, fierce cjlarrhi. Milian.

3. Having a tcndencj- to produce fevers.

It haih been noted by ilic ancients, that fouthem
wiiidi, blouiijg much, uiihoul rain, do caule a
yrtirroar dilpolitionof tneyeari but wjth rain not.

Bucim'i S'i'lirjl HiJI

Fe'viry. iadj. [from^irr.j Difcaxcd with
a fever.

O RoTiie, thy lieaJ
\t drown'd in fleep, and all tiiy baiv_/fii'(y.

ken J'.nf. Ctlil

FEVILIACE. n. f. [Fr«nch.J A bunch

or row of leaves.

Of Homer's head f inclafc the outline, that you

uii; deicrriMne viherher you would have it fo lirg-,

or reduced to make r»om iot JeuiUage oj lajrel

round the oval. Jervm 10 Pope

FE'UILLEMOkT. n. f. [French.] 'ifie
colour of a faded leaf, corrupted com-
monly XO philemct.

Fe'utkre*. h. f. A dogkceper
the cleaner of the kennel.

FEW. adj. [peo, reiSDa. .«?:
Dani(h.J

I, Not manv ; not in a great number.

We are left bur_^t' of many. 'V,

So much the ih'rlt of hono^jr lirrs thr blood •
So ou.iy would be great, io/iw br good j '

FIB

Tor who would virtue for herfelf r^ard,

Or wed without the portion of reward ? Dryjeg.

On Winter feas we fiiver ftorms behold,
Than foul difcafcs tha"t infeiS the fqld. Drydeii.

Men havey^ttfror more fimflc ideas from with
out, according as the objefls they converfc with
atford greater or lefs varifly. Licie.

Thryi'uri- rtill you name, y<^ wound the more ;
Bond is but one, but I larpax is a fcore. Pape.

Party it the madnefs of many, for the gain of a
/"": . . . S-u.-:ft.

T he imagination of a poet is 3 thing fo nice and
delicate, that it '\i no eaCy matter to find out imagie^
capable of giving pieafure to one of ihtfe^, who,
in any age have come up to that charafter.

BerUff to Pope.
2. Sometimes elliptically ; not many words.

To aniwer faorh alleeaiions at once, the very fub-
llajicc ot that they contain is la/irw but this.

llooier

So having fald, he thus to Eve \njhii :
Say, woman, what is this which thou liaft done ?

Mllto«.
Thus Jopiter in_/^tunfoId'4thecharge. Drydeit.

The firm refolve I here in_/ft£» difclofe. Popf.

Fewci.. >/. /. [/«, French.] Combufti-
ble matter; materials for keeping fire : as
firewood, coal.

If a fpark of error have thus far prevailed, fallins
even where the wood was green, and fartheft off
from any incliuationunto furious attempts, mult not
the peril thereof be greater in men, whole minds .irr
as dry yrur/, apt beforehand unto tumults, fediiions,
and broils ? fhiter, DtJieation.

Otliers may give the fewtt or the fire !
But they the breath, tfiat makes the flame, infplrc

Deshjm.

A known quantity of/en-t/, all kindled at ouce,
will caufe water to boil, which being lighted gra-
duallv will never be able to do it. Btntley Herm.

To Few EL. v. a. [from the noun. J To
feed with fewel.

F I C

perhaps
peopa, Saxon; fi,a.

Never, alas ! the dreadful name,
Tliaty>itiA the infernal flame. Cotuley.

Fe'wnkss. »./. [fromy>7f.]

1. Paucity; fmallaefs of number.
Thefe, by reafon of their feu'ne/t, I could not

dillinguilh from the numbers with whom they arc
cr.ibodied. Dry J.

2. Paucity of words; brevity ; concifenefs
/Wtrr/i and truth, 'tis thus, ."itair/p.

Ta Fey. i: a. [ir^ie/t, Dutch.] To cleanfe
a ditch of mud.

Such muddy deep ditches and pits in the field,
That all a dry Summer no water will yield,
By/eying and calling that mud upon heaps,
Commudities many ihc hulbandman reaps, luffo-.

FIB. n. f. [A cant word among children.]
A lie; a falfehood.

DelUoy his jSli or fophilfry in vain,
Tiic cteaturc's at his dirty wurk ^ain. P^p

1 io often lie.
Scarce Ilars-ey'sfelf has told morcfii than I. Pofi.

7i FiB, 1'. n. [from the noun.] To lie;
to tell Ives ; to fpcak fatfely.

It you have any mark, whereby one m.iy kn>w
when loMjib, and when you fpcak iruih, )du had
befttell jtmc. .Irhuih

Fi'bber. n.J. [from/^] A teller ot fibs, '
Fl'BRE «./. [fibre, Kr. fib,a, Latin.]

1. A fmall thread or llring;; the lirft con-
ftitucnt parts of bodies.

Xow Hiding ilrfiimi 'he ihiiiVy plants renew,
Ai.dlced ih.ir7i'i,o»iih levivingd-w. Ptpt.

2. A fibre in phylick, is an animal thread,
ef which feme are foft, flexible, and a
little einftick ; and thcfc are citlicr hol-
low, like fmall pipes, or fpongious and
full of litfle cells, as the nervous and
fl<-lhy//ir;.- others aie moi'cfolid, flexi-
ble, and with a (Iro.ng elafticity orfpring,
a.; the incmbrimoui and cartilaginous

fibres: and a third fort are hard and
flexible, as the/i5;w of the bones. Some
fo very fmall as not to be eafily perceived^
and others fo big as to be plainly feen ;
and moft of them appear to be compofed
of ftill fraallcr/^m .- xtie.k fibres firfl con-
flitute the fubllance of the bones, carti-
lages, ligaments, membranes, nerves,vcins,
arteries, and mufcles. ^lincj.

My heart finks in me while I hear him fpeak,
.And every fiackcn'djfirc drops its hold,
Like nature leiiing down the fprings of life :
The name of father awes me ftill. Dryden.

Fi'bril. j.'.y. [//^r/7/^, French.] A fmall
fibre or firing.

The muftlcs confift of a number of fibres, and
each fibre of an incredible number of little y,i//.'j
bound together, and divided into little cells.

Chcyne'% Phil, Prittr.
Vi'BS.ovs.ad;.[fibreux, French; fromfibre,]
Compofed of fibres or ftamina.

The difference between bodics_/i})-o« and bod!e»
vifcous IS [■lain , for all wool and tow, and cotton
and ."ilk, have agreedinefs of moillure. Jiacon.

Ifaw Vetreiis' arms employ'd around
A well-grown oak, to root it fro.-n the ground j
This way and that he wrcnch'd ihefiirtui bands,
'I'he trunk was like a fapling in his hands. DryiJ.
'I'hefiiroas and folid parts of plants pafs uiial-
tercd through the intellines. Arbuthrtot on Alim.

Fl'BULA. n. f. [Latin.] The outer and
lefler bone of the leg, much fmaller than
the tibia : it lies on the outfide of the
leg; and its upper end, which is not fo
high as the knee, receives the lateral knob
of the upper end of the tibia into a fmall
finus, which it has in its inner fide. Its
lower end is received into the fraall finus
of the tibia, and then it extends into a
large procefs, which forms the outer
ankle. ^imcy,

Fl'CKLE. adj. [pcol, Saxon.]
I, Changeable; inconftant; irrefolute; wa-
vering; nnftcady; mutable; changeful;
without fteady adherence.

Remember where we arc.
In France araongft iJicItU wavering nation. Shak.

A flavc, whofe ealy borrow'd pride
Dwells in the/c*/c grace of her he follows Shak.

Orlikcll hovering dre.ims,
Tiit fickle penfioners of Mor(hcus' train. Mitt.

They know how fiii/e common lovcrj are ;
Their oaths and vows howcautioufly bcliev'd •
far lew there are but have been once deceiv'd.

Dryden,
We in vain thefick/e fex purfue,
Wiio change the conlfant lover for the new. Priir,
2. Not fixed; fubjeft to viciffitude.
He would be loth
Us to abjiifh ; left the advcifarv
Triumph, aij fay, ficUe tlieir'ftate, whom CoJ
Moll favours ! Milton' , Par, Loft.

Fi'cxleness. ». /. [from/f^/*-.] Incon-
ftancy ; uncertainly ; unfteadinefs.

kleither her great worihinefs, nor his own fufiVr-
inj for her, could fetter liis/r,}/f/ir/i,- but, belore
his m>rri.igc-day, he had taken to wife that liacchi
ot whom fhc complained. Sidmv

Ikware of fraud, beware of ficklene/s.
In choice and change of thy dear loved dame.

Jtairy ^jtecn.

I am a foldlcr, tnd unapt to weep,
•Or to exclaim on fortune's ficklcnefs. Shnkifp.

Inftability of tempar ought to be checked, when
It difpolcs men to wander from one fchtmc oT go-
vernmentto another, fincc fuch a >>/(/?«/, cinnot
but be attended with fatal corifcijuentcs. Addifott.

Whether out of >i/,»,yi or dcftgn I can't telli
I found that what Ihc likoi one day flie dilliktd

Addijm.

anotiicr.

s

D

Fi'

F I D

Fi'cSLT. mJz: \f(oia ficlU.] Without |
certainty or ft»hiKty.

tte not no*. •

Like a )-oimg wjlicful bcir, raortgsge the hopes

Of godlike mijctty on b»nkru|* tormj.

To raife « prcfciit pow'r ihxViJitklj hdd

By tlie fraii tenure of the people's will. Sttthrm.

FI'CCK jr./. [Italian.] An »St of contempt
done with the fingers, expreffing afit^for

HiTin; once ttcottied his fortit&, ht then |i«s
thejfi-3 ubisadnrrfiuies. Carrrr.

Fi'cTiLF.«<^. [fithlis, Latin.] Moulded
iato form ; manufaiSuredby tr.e potter.

The oafe of fragility is an imfotency to be

oetendedj and theretorert-'ni i» more fragil thin

nctal, aad fo /taile eaith is more fnigil than crude

earth. A^rri'j N*t*rmi Hijhry.

Fl'cTi-ON. »./. \fiaie, Latin; /rf«»», Fr.]

1. The aft of feigning or inventing.

If the rtefence of Cod in the image, by a mere
/fn.Vn of the niiod, be a fufScicnt ground toworftiip
tharimige, is not God's ncl wcfcnce in every crea-
tuie a tar betlerground to»\>nhip it ^ Siitlingfitit

FitiicK IS of the eflen«of poetry, as well as ot
painting: there is a reftmblance in one ol' hamin
bodies, things, and aflions, which are not real ; and
■n the other ot a true ltor>- by a_/£a"M. Dryitn.

3. 1 he thing feigned or invented.

If thnxigh mine ear? pierce any confo1ation«»
By wife difcourfc. f\veet tunes, or pott'sjM/Mr j

If ought I ceafc thefe hideous exclamations.
While that myfoullheliicsioatBt^ious. Suinty.

So alfo was theJfflJwc of ihofe golden apples
kept bv a dragon, taken Httia the leipent, which
tempted Erah. Xaleigb.

1. A fahehood; a Ive.

Fi'cTious. adj. Sfihhs, Latin.] Fictitious;
imaginary; invented. A word coined
hf Frier.

With faacyV raks andarbtlrary bwt
Matter and motion man icftratus*
And ftudicd lines xr.i.Jia'»ui circles dra«a. frl»r,

FICTl' I lOUS adj. [foJitiju. Latin.]
J. Counterfeit; falfe; not genuine.
Draw him ihjftly fo,
"Hut all who view the piece liiay know
We needs no trappings oi JSBUitmt fame. DryJtn.

2. Feigned; imaginary.

The human pettons are ts^fh'lltMt as the ain,'
ones ; and Belinda iciemblea you in oothii^c but in
beauty. tofe.

}. Not real ; not true ; allegorical ; made

Milton, fenlibte of this defrfl in ihr '" ' ~ '" s
poem, btonght into it two thararter

taijSSilftm oatare in the pcrfons oi :;.. -. ;. ,

fcy whivh means lie has ir*ierwoT«n in his tat>le a very
bratitilul alleKorr. Addif. Sfrn.

FicTt'rrouauT. 4u/v. [ f?om jtSrVww. J
FsKcty; counierftrirlr.

Thrfc picc« irejlili;i.^r V f?t <l.rw-n, and hart i»
copy III natijir. An-nw'r i'Mj^jr Erftmrt.

Fro. n. /. [Jd.M, Italian.] A pomtn'. iron
with which feamea untu id their cords.

Siimter.

FlTDDLE. ». /. [f*e!e, Saxon; •«■*/,

Dntch ; jSi/el, German ; fiUctla, Latin ;

full, Erfc] A {bia^^ inllrumsat of

flMitkk ; a vlolia.

In trials af anu&cal dcin tl« jirieci did mt crown
iheAMdir but-dw pafctaiex. StUiiagJmt.

'ill* adientinc of the bear xiASJJh,

Ik Ton^ ; but biailcs ofT in the Middic. fUdtrji.

Silt tried iht^isii ill a«w, by drawing the b*vv

•»er e«r) pjrt c the rtiitif*) but a>t.M cot. kr her

bcjtt, tiad. witc:tadc4it ibeiune lay. ^Ut'/u.

S«Fl[>Di.E. r.; M. ffrom the aoun.]

I. T. ■ . ■■ ■"

T^ t > feaR to touch a

late, :.i ,.>. ; ,» ..^.j,^J,t, biithe c*uld maVe

ia*ia a (teat cit^..

B^am't fj[-y.

FID

Oihers irapoM yet aebler arts from Ttlnce,
Teach k.ngs »fitld>*, and make fenates dance.

Ptft.
2. To trifle ; to (hift the h?nds often, and
do nothing, like a fellow that plays upon
ifdJh.

A cunning fellow oblcrved, that old. Lewis had
dole away part of the map, and faw h.\m fidJIiKg
and turning the inap, trying to join the two pieces
together. Arimlinsl.

Good cooks cannot abide what they iuftly call_;f</-
MitigwviV, where abundance of timeisfpent, and
little do:*. Svfi/i.

Fi'ddlefabdls. *. /. [A cant word.]
Trifles.

She u\i that T.tst grandfather had a hoife (hot at
Edeebill, and their ancle wtb at the liege of Buda;
wim abundaace vi JiiMrfadilc of the fame nature.

Sftaater.

Fi'oi>LE PADDLE, adj. Trifling; giving
trouble, or making a bullle about no-
thing.

She \v.i$ a XjoahXthntJUJUfjJdlt old wt>maii, and
lb ceremonious that there was i^o beariag of her.

Arhutbrntg.
Fi'ddlir. k./. \i\om JidJif.'] Amuiician;
one that plan's upon the fiddle.

Let oo (i\\c\jjijd.'ft prcfume :o intrude,
Uolcfs he IS fent for to vary our blifs. Brn Jm/bk.

Nero put the fddltrs to death, for' being more
(kilful in the trade thaa he wis. TajjUr.

Thefe will appear fuch chits in ftory,
•Twill turn all politicks lo jttb,

Tobe repealed like John Dory,
WhenyiVJiVij fing a! feails. Drydrm.

When mifs ^iehgbts in Iter ffiBnct,
hjidjitr may a fortune get. Sni/r.

Fi'ddlestici. «./. yfiddu and^Jn-i.] The
bow and hair which a tiddler draws over
the rtrings of a fiddle.

His C'ii>'> beard kas long and thick.
With which he Ui jng \\iiJidtUiJici. H-jd!iras.

Fi'ddlistrixc. a. J. [fddU and Jirii-g. ]
1 he ftring of a fiddle ; that wbiidi makes
the noifc.

AJieMrJhirg, moiiiened with water, will fiiik a

note in a liiilc lime, and confequently mull be ic-

laaed or lengthened one liiteenth. ytrimiru.

Fi'dility. »./. [JUrlitas, Litla ; foklite,

French.]

1. Honetiy; veracity.
Thechurch, by her publick trading of the book of

Cod, preached only as a witnefs ; now the piincipai
thing requited in a witoefs xifidkliy. H>^tr.

2. Faithful adherence.

Tliey millake cieduliiy fsiJlJeitty. CJarii.

TiFiPGE. Iv. «f. [A cant word.] To
■JeFl'DCET. J move nimbly and irregu-
larly. It implies in Scotl.ind agitation.

Tim, tbou'n the Pu.ich to Ihr up iru^ibie ;
Youvi-ri<gle,_/fJgif, and make a rout.
Put all yoi;r brotner p«pp"' O"""'- S^.i'if:.

FlDX''ciAi. mdj. [fdiKui, Latin.] Confi-
dent r \jndoubtihg.

Faith is cordia!, and fuch as Cod will accept of,
when it alTordj ^JsttuJ reliance on tS: proatiics,
and obediential iubmitbui to the commaiidL

Hanmtd'i Praa. Ctlrci.
FlDu'ci»»Y. H./. [fidmcieriis, Latin.]
I. One who holcU any thing in truft.
;. Oof who depends oa faith uithout
works.

The. ItcoBd obftrrfti« is that of ihe^ArrMns

that faiih is the only iiiltoument of his juttihcatien ;

and esciodes good works foua coauibutlcg any thing

tokxatdil. iiajciaMU.

■Flt)t;'c!.**T. c^.

Confiicns; 'ready; undoubting; un-
touched with do'jbr.

That faith, which is required of as, js dien per-

[feO.. when it ^naduces in ws *_fd»ifU)f alliciii to
wiutcter the Gcrpel has retcaieij. H'uit.

F I E

I. Not to Be doubted.

lilaiana can rely no where upon mere love and

fjiici'jr-j obedience, unlefs at her own home, where

flic is cxemflarily loyal to berfelf in a high txxQr

obedience. ' Ha^il.

FIEF. »./. [fef. French.] A fee ; a manor;

a poifellion held by fome tenure of a fu-

periourt

To the next realm (he fttetch'd her fway.
For painture near adjoining lay,
A pier.teoos pnxrioce and alluring prey ;
Axhambcr of dependeiKies was fram'd.
And tlie whole// io right of poetry slie cUira'J.

Dryjcx.
As they were honoured by great privileges, fo tberr
lands were in the nature of /r^, for which tl«
pofrelTots were obliged to do perfimal fervice at fea.

ArhiNmot »« Cains,

Field. *./ [pelOj Saxon; /eld, German;
teld, Dutch.]

1. Ground not inhabited ; not built on.

Live with me and be my love.
And »< will all the pleafute pra%«.
That hills and rallies, dale inijSrlJ,
And all the craggy mountains yield. RMJtlgk.

By the cJVU law the corpfe of perfoos deceafed
were buried out of the city in Hit folds. AyMft.

2. Ground not enclofed.

Field lands are not exempted from mildews, nor
yet from liaut, where it is more than in incWed
lands. Mortimer.

3. Cultivated traft of ground.

Or great Ofiris, who fint taught the fwaia
In Pharian/fii to fow the golden grain. P»^j.

^. The open country ; oppofed to honfe or
quarters.

Since his majefty went into tht fold,
I have fcen her rife from her bed. Sbakeff. Macb,

5. The ground of battle.

When a man is in the folJ, a swderate (kill in
fencing rather expofes him to the fw^rdof hiseoemy,
than fecures him fit>m it. Luke.

6. A battle; acampaigTi; theaffa'on of an
army while it keeps the field.

You maintiia fcvrral factions;
And whilft 3.fo!d fliould be di^tch'd and fought.
You arc difputing of your generals. &luk^^

What thoi^h thefolJ be lolt.
All is not loft. MiJiat'i PdTad!/ete{U

7. A wide expanfe.

The god a clearer fpace ftw heav'o dcCgn'd }
Whcn^Mtof If ht and liquid ether flow,
Puig'd from the pond'ious dtejs of earth bclaw.

Dryd.-^

A(k of yonder at{ent/V/j!» above.
Why Jove's fateUites arc Icfsthan Jove. Fcfr,

S. Space; compafs; extent

I'he iU-nalur'd man gives himfelf a Urfffoidta
expatiate in : he expofes failings in human nature.

i fhould ent^r upon a folj too wide, and too
much beaten, if I thould difplay all the advantages
ot pe;ce. Jimuirid^e.

Who can ih'ufoidaf miracles funrey.
And not with Galen all in raptures (ay.
Behold a Cod, adore him and obey. B'jdmcrr.

9. The ground or blank fpace on which
figtires are diawn.

Let tlie foU or ground of the pi£tvre be AnsY
■ light, and well united with colour. D'\S'-.

10. [In heraldrj-.] Thefurface of a iV.ic;,^.
Ft'ELDED.fl^'. H'toca Jleld,'] Being in field

of battle.

Now, Mars, I pr'ythce, ixuke us qeirk in work f
That tre with ftnoaking fwtjrds may march &o'iii

hetKC,
To hcip vafolded friends. Sluie^rent't CtriJ^
FiEiD-BAsiL. j». y. [fold aad iajil,] A

plant.
Fi'fitDBED. »./. r ■^ ''■-- ' k'd.] A bed con.,
trix'cd to be fct ■ •. the field.

Romeo, food nigi.. , > >. iv ,.iy rrockle bed.
Tluifoidttd ii too coU for mr t... lleep. Shjleif..

FlELDTAR-E.

F I E

Fi'iLDFARi. ti. f. [pelfe and pp'an, to
wander in the fields; turdus tilari:.'\ A
bird.

Winter birds, as woodcocJcs tnijiihifam, if rfiey
come early out of ihe oorthcra couniries, with os
Ihewcold wintcrt. Bacon.

Fi'eldmarshal. n.f, [JlfU md mar/hal.]
Commander of an armj- in the field.

Fi'eldmocse. n.f.^ftUmAmoTi/e; niie-
dula.'l A moufc

burrows in banks.

F I F

Quicknefs fo attack ; keenncfs in anger
andrefentment.

F I G

and makes her houfc «ith various apart-
ments.
TUcfclJimuft builds her gamer under ground.

DiyJe*.

Ttildmice are apt to gaaw their roots, ar.d ki'.K

them in hard winiers. Mtrtimer' : Hvjhendry.

Fi'eldofficer. ». /. [field ix\A offinr.]
An officer whofe command in the field ex-
tends to a whole regiment: as the colo-
nel, lieutenant-colonel, and major.

Fi'eldpiece. «^'. [y&/</and/«w.] Small
cannon ufed in battles, bot not in ficges.

The baflj planting his _^.7yf/Vm upon the hiUs,
4id ffom thetice grieroufly annoy the defcadants.

KnoUet.

Fund. «./. [penb.ponb, Saxon, a foe.]

1. An enemy; the great oieiny of mankind;
fatan ; the devil.

Tom is followed by the fool fnJ. Shjkrjt,.

2. Any ii^femal being.

What no'.v, had I a body again, I could.
Coining from hell ; whttJimJi wou'd «i(h IbouUbe,
And Hannibal could not have wifh'd lo fee.

B. "Jonfox't Cat.

The hell-hounds, as ungoig'd with fteih and blood,
Purfoe iheit prey, and feck their wonted food ;
1\ajifr.d remounts bis courfcr. Drydtn.

O woma* I woman • when to ill thy mind
Is bent, all bel! contains no foolerTli-W. Pt^t.

FIERCE. /i<^'. \Jier, French ; fnx, Latin.]

1. Savage; ravenous; eafily enraged.

Thou hunieii jne as zjitrcr lion. %i.

2. Vehement of rage ; eager of roifchiet.

IMlrudion enlen in the oracherotH twood.
And Tcageful Oaughicr, Jitrte iot human blood.

Tyrants jfrr^<', that unrclenliog die. Pitt.

With that the god, whoTe e^Thi|uaIc« isck the
ground,
Fitrte to Phcracia croft the vaft profound. P»pr.

3. Violent ; outrageous ; vehement.

Curled be their anger, for it viajieret; and tfccir
•rath, Cw it was cracl. C«r. Ilii. 7.

4. Paflionate; angry; farioas.

Th if Jirrir ibndgment
H]^h to it ci-:«nnih ■ '• -- l 1
Di.lir.aion IboulJ t> W/w.

A cojnbringi Nil X ■. -« for

potttioo: wbo.'e etideau Ut has oetM cximiixd.

5. Strong ; forciS' ' ' t ; with celerity.

The Ihip, thoL r dn.ta of /utct

wind.; yet they aic .,..._ ...,,,; witij j very"fcu!l
°*'"- j/n. i:i. 2.

Fi'kicely. adv. {{torn fierce.] Violently;
furioufly.

Battle join'd, an4 both (ides/^cr/^ fought 5*7*.
K.!^*" defend .nr?,/,-rft'/y a.<l.iled by their enemies
ieforr, and beaten wuh ihe great ordnance behind,
were grietouny diftrelTeJ. Kmllri.

The air. if »ery cold, irriuttth the flame, jai

yj^'^ ". "^^ "ore/""^. »s 6te fc;rcheth in
fc««jrwt.«tar. g^^^^

Fi'ircEKESs. f,./. [from fierce.]

I. Ferocity; favagenefs/

The defeft of hca; which pitt Kerenrfi to oar
nafjrrt, aiay contribute to that rei^fmcftot our Ian-

a. ^^■•— "''■< ♦— Mocd ; fury.

r.e out of 3 wood » mer.llivMta
'■ : iM. fat from him, ot Ui\\f left

/""'V- SUntj

The Greeks are ftroag, and Ikilfu! to their (Irength,
Fierce to their Ikiil, and to iizufitrcenrp valiant.

Sbaktff.

4. Violence ; outrageous palfion.

His pride and brutal _/r#rreȣ/i 1 abhor ;
But fcom your mean ful'picions of me more. Drydfn^

5. Vehemence; bafty force.
Fierifa'cias. »./. [Inlaw.] A judicial

writ, that lies at all times within the year
and day, for him that has recovered in
an aftion of debt or damages, to the
fheriif, to command him to levy the
debt, or the damages of his gtxxls, againd
whom the recovery was had. Cmvel.

Fi'eRINess. »./. [from/cry.]

1. Hot qualities; heat; acrimony. .

The alhes, fay their heal, their fer'inefi, and
their dryaefs, belong to the element of earth. H^lr.

2. Heat of temper ; intelleftual ardour.

The Italians, notwithftandiog thetr natural /f^r/-
nrfi of temper, aficft always to appear fober .ind

Fi'ery. adj. {Uovafire.]

1 . Confiding of fire.

Scarcely had Photbus in the gloomV Eaft
Yet hameffed his^ty footed team,

Ne rear'd above the earth his flaming cttft.
When tlic Uft deadly fmoalc aloft did ftcam.

, , , PjJrf) Qfteta.

I kjiow, ihou'dfl sstbcr
Follow thine enemy in sjfery gulph
Than flatter him in a bower. Siairfu

2. Hot like fire. - ■■'^'

Hath thy /cry heart fo parchM thy tnfraiN,
That not a tear tan fall for Rutland's deatli? Shut.

3. Vehement; ardent; adive.

Thenar)! expcdiiio.i be my wing.
Join's Mercury, and herald lor a king. Simte/.

1 drew this gallant head of war.
And culi'd thefe^rry fpiritt fiom the world.
To outlook cooqucli, and to win rcnowa
Ev'n in the j.^ws of danger and of death. StJH

4- Paffionate; oatragcous ; eafily provoked.

You know iheji.ry quality of the duke;
How unremoveable, and lixt is he
In his o«-n courfe. Sbakr/p. King Lear,

5. Unreftrained ; fierce.

Then, as I faid, the duke, great Bolingbtoke,
Mounted upon a hot andj$>y> (teed.
Which hisaffiringriderletm'd«) know,
Wiih (low but (lately pa.;e kept oi'i his courfe. SijJt

Through Elis, and the Grecian towns he flew:
Th" audaciou* wretch four/rry towfersdrew.

6. Heated by fire. "'

The fwofd which ia mtitjlery dolh not only cut,
by rejion of the (lurpuers which limply it hath, bui
alfo burn by means 01 that lieat wbuh it hath from

c . r . ■ ^"'f".

See! tram the brake the whining pheafantrprings.
And mount* exulting «o tiiumpbant wings :
Short is his jjy; he feels (hcyfr;^ wound.
Flutter* in blood, and panting beats the ground.

Fife. ». /. [fi/h, French. J A pipe blown
to the drum ; military wind mufick.

Faieweli the plumed troops, and the big war
That make amSitioo virtue! oh iaiewelll
FarewtU the ne.ghmg ilied and ihe (brill trump,
Thefpii.i itiiiu,^ drum, the ear-piercinp//^,

Sbtikcf^sart.

Thus Ihe gay vi<»im, with fre(h garlands crjwn'd
Pleas'd with the Ut.niff,'% enli»eniiig f„i,rd,
Thnjujh gaaiiij c.-owd*in Iblcmn ftate piooeeda.

l-iFTFt'tj. adj. [pypyne, SaKon.j Five
and ten.

I hi-.-e dreamed and (Irpt ibo^e (mac fifieoi years
and more. Sb^k./f,. Tjitflxg ofiht Sbrt\o.

FiPTEE'f«TH.«<ir'. [ppreoSa, Saxon.] The

ordinal of fifteen; the fifth after the
tenth ; containing one part in fifteen.]

Aj^/>«<K(Apart olfilver incorjioratewittigold, will
not be recovered by any water of feparation, except
you put a greater quantity of filver to draw up the
lefs. Bacon's Nat. Hijl.

London fend* but lour bufgelTes 10 parliament,
although it bear the ffirtrrtb part of the charge of
the whole nation in all puWick taxes and levies.

Oramiti Hills of Mortality.

FIFTH, adf. [pip:», Saxon.]
I . The ordinal of five ; the next to the
fourth.

With rn;;iruig ^^& you iereae^ move.
In your f/ii orb, and lule the realm of love. DryJ.

Jull as I wilh'd the lots were caft on lour,
Myfclf ihcfi/tb- Pope's Odyjfcy^

z. All the ordinals are taken elliptically for
the part which they exprefs ; a fifd, a'
fiftb part ; a ihrd, a tiird part.

The publick (hall have loft {oat fifths of its annual
income for ever. Stvift.

Fi'fthly. adv. [from fifibJ] In the fifth
place.

Fi/tbly, living creatines have a more ^awff figure
than plants. Bacort's Nat. Hift.

Fi'ftieth. odj, [pipreojo^a, Saxon.] The
ordinal of fifty.

If this medium be rarer within the fon's body
than at itsfurface, and rather there than at the hun-
dred jiart of an inch from its body, and larer there
than at xhrtfifiieth part of an inch from its body, and:
rarer there than at the orb of Saturn, i fee no rea.
fon why the increafe of deiifity (hould Hop any where.
Ncviion'i Oftiekt.

Fi'jTY. adj, [ipiifxx^, Saxon.] Five tens.

A wlther'd hermit, h»e .'core VVioters worn,
Mijht Ihake ofl^^f/i/ looking in her eye. Sbakif.
Jjdas ordained captains over ihoulana*, huhdreds,
Jijiiei, and lens. 1 Mjc. iii. 55,

In the Hebrew there is a particle confining but
of one letter, of which ilicre are reckoned up abuic
f/j bveral fignifications. Lacie.

FIG. n./. fi(us, Latin >^i>, Spanifhj ^b*.

French.]
!. A tree that bears figs.

The charaflers are: the (lowers, which are alwayi
inc'ofed in the middle of the fjyir, confilt of tile
leaf, and are male and female in the fame fruit ; th*
male Howers are fituated towards the crown of the
fruit; atid the lemale, growing rear the (falk, arc
I'ucccrded by fmill hard feeds: the intire fruit is,
for the moftpart, turbinated and globular, or of an
oval Ihapc, i> ftcfhy, and of a fweei ta<te. Miller,

Full on its crown a^g's green branches rife.
And Ihooi a leafy forett 10 the Ikies. Pope's iitljffey,

Orlc;;d me through the m<ire,
Embowering nidle's of the Indian^ff^. ■ Tbsm/ai.

2. A lufcious foft fruit ; the frtiit of ilie

figtree.

It makeih^-fjiry better,, if a figtree, when it begin.

I aeih to put lorih leaves, have hi* top cut oft'

' Hac'jtt's Natural llijlary^

PIrs are great fubdiicrsot acrimony, /irbuibnol,

7i Fic. -v. a. [bee FlCO.\

1. To infuit with fico's or contemptuous
motions of the fingt^^.

When Pirtol lies, do this, and fg me like
The bragging Spaniard. Sbakr/p. Henry IV^

2. To put fomething ufclcfs info one's head.
Low cant.

Away to the Tow (he goes,, and /]gf her in tlie
crown with another rtory. h' Ejhangc

Fi'oAPPtE. «. /. A fruit. A fpecies of
apple. ,

A figapplc hith no tore oc kernel, in thcfc rcfem-
bling ijtg, arji differing from oiherapples.

Moi tlyicr's llu/tan.jry,

Ficma'rioold. 7?./. A plant. It i^ fuc-
.culent, and has the appearance of hnufe-
leck : the leaves grow oppsCce by p..irs.

^Jillen,

F I G

.Fic-evxT. «./. [atltJi fcariui.}- /itklak(i

of the fly kind.
iTa FIGH'i'. "v. H, iptt^t. fought; ptrt. paff.

fiught. peohran, Saxon.]
). To contend in battle; to war; to make

war; .to batfici to contend in arms. It

is u fed both of armies and iingle coinba-

unts.

Kin; Henry, be thy title right or wrong.
Lord Clifibrd vow« to^<^if in thy dcfccce. Sbdi.

Fierce fiery wjrriors Jigbr upon the clouds
Iq ranks andf^uadrons, acd right form of war.

Siah/f.

The eoramon queftion is, if wt muft now fur-

trndcr Spain, what have we been fighting for all this

while? The anfwer is ready : we have been figMiig

ict! the ruin of the pufalicic inteieft, toi the adv^ncc-

juentof a private. Swif:.

For her confederate muoaijhugit, and kings were

(lain,

. Trov wjj o'erthrown, and a whole empire fell.

■ . ' _ PidifT.

. i. To combat; to duel; to contend in Cngle
fight.
Out fhall undertJce to fgbt againit another. ■■

z Efdr.iXii.
The poor wien,
- The jnoft diminutive of birrfSt ynWfgbt,

The youag ones m her nefl, againit the owl.
^' ■ Sbakefp. Macieli.

1, To aft as a foldier in any cafe.

Richjrd, thai robb'd ths lion ot his heart,

• Ani/ought the holy wars in Paleftiiie,

• Hy this brave duke cjme early to his grave. Siai.

Greatly untortunaie, ht Jights the caufe
• • Oi honour, virtue, libert) and Rome. Adiiifon.

^. It has ivith before the pcrfon oppofed ;
.fometi mes againft.

Ye^gfc >^'VA the Chaldeaii5. "Jcr.

The itars in their courres/ni/gA/ agn'mjl Sifera.

" |,. To contend.

The hot and cold, the dry and humid_^^i/.

SanJys.

Js FtGHT. <r. tf. To war againft; to com-
bat againft.

Himlelf alone an equal match he boafts.
To ^^At the Phrygian and th' Aufonian horts.

Drjd. Mn.

Tight, n.f. [frorathe verb.]
J. Battle.

Ciabriel, lead forth to battle (hefe «iy fons
Invintiblc, lead lorth my armed faints^
£y ihuufands and by millions rang'd iovjight.

Mi'.tun.

2. Combat ; JucL

Herilus in fingle ^gtr I flew.
Whom with three lives Fcronia did endue;;
>\tid thrice 1 fcnt him to the St%-gia» fltorc,
'Till the lall ebbing foul return'd no moie.

DtyJrn.

J. Something to fcreea the combatants in
(hips,
who ever faw a noble light.
That never viewM a brave fea-figbt!
Hang up your bloody colours in the air.
Up with )ouT Jtgbts and jour ucttings prepare.

Dry Jell.

Fi'cHTER. n.f. [itomfight,\ Warriour;
ducllift.

1 will rclurii aeain into the houfe, and defire fomc
conduct of the lady : 1 am no Jigktir. Shjkeff.

O, 'lis the oclJcIt youth upon a charge.
The moft delibcr.itr/^A;«-'.' Dryd. All for !.<,%•(,

Ft'cHTINt;. participial adj. \{\omfght.\
1 . Qualified for war ; fit for battle.

An hoft of fghiirrg men went out to war by bands^

z Chrcn.

1. Occupied by war; bdng the fceoc of
war.

In fghilxg fields at far the fpear I throw
As files tlic arrow fioai the well-drawn bow. Pi>J>e.

F 1 G

Fi'gmekt. n.f, [j!gm<n!um, Latin.] An
invention j a fiftion ; the idea feigned.

Upon the like grounds was raifcd the figment of
Briareus, whn, dwelling in a city called Hjcaton-
chiria, the fancies of thofe times afligned him an
hundred hands. Broivn.

Thofc ulisrtions are in truth the fgmrnt) of thofe
idle brains that brought romaneet into thurch hiiVory.

mjbof LUyd.

It carried rather an appearance of Jigmtni and

invention, in thofc that handed down ihe memory

of it, than of truth and reality. IVooJivard.

Fl'crECKER. n.f. \jSg ixiA. ftck; fia-Jiila,

Latin.] A bird.
Fi'Gt!i.ATr. adj. [from fgulut, Latin.]

Made of potters clay.
FI'GURABLE. aJJ. from figuro, Latin.]
Capable of beii;^ brought to certain form,
and retained in it. Thus lead \%jigurable,
but not water.

The differences of imprefliWe and not impreflTible,
figurti'e and nolfigui ai/t, fciinbleand not fciflible,
are plebeian notions. Barni.

flGvt.-\Bi'tnr. rr.f. [homfgitrahle.] 'Ihe
quality of being capable of a certain and
liable form.
Fi'cuRAL. adj. [from fgure.l
1. Reprefented by dcliaeation.

Incongruities have been oommiticd bygeographers
in ihtfig^iral refemblances o; feieral legions;

A'roti'77.

Z, ¥iG\J Si AU Numbfi: Such numbers as do
or may reprefent fome geometrical figure,
in relation to which they are always con-
fidered, and are either lineary, fujierficial,
or folid. Harris.

Fl'cuRATE. adj. \fguratus, Latin.]

1 . Of a certain and determinate torm.

Plants arc all figuratc and determinate, which
inanimate bodies are not ; for look how far the fpirit
is able to fpread and continue itfell, fo far goeih the
(hapc or Hgure, and then is determined, Bamt.

2. Refombliiig any thing of a determinate
form : as, figurate ftones retaining the
forms of ftiells in which they were formed
b)- the deluge.

J. Fi't' URATE Coiinterpoitit. [In mufick.]
That wherein there is a mixture of dif-
cords along with the concords. Harris.

4. Figurate D.?,'(-/7«/. [In mufick.] That
wherein difcords are concerned, as well,
though not fo much, as concords ; and
may well be termed the ornament or rhe-
torical patt of mufick, in regard that in
this are introduced all the varieties of
points, figures, fyncopes, diverfities of
meafures, and whatever elfe is capable of
adorning the compofition. Harris.

Figura'tioN. 71. J. [Jlgurattts, Latin.]

1. Determination to a certain form.

Neither doth the wind, as far as it car. ieih a voice,
with motion tliereof confound any ot the delicate
and aiiii;ulate/g«i.<(/<« of the air in variety of
words. B.ic^K's Njt. Hi/f,

2. The aft of giving a certain form.

It .motion be in a certain order, there I'oUowclh

vivification Mvi fi'euriitii,ii in livinp; creatures pcr':i>.

B.ic^/1's N.ir. liy}.

Fi'gurative. adj. [fgurat'J'-ie, French,

from^//in, Latin.]
1. Repreicnting foinething elfe; typical;
reprcfcntative.

'I"hi5, thev will fay, w-^sfigurative^ and ferved by
God's appoiiilmcut btit tor a time, 10 Ihadow out
the true everlalling glory of a more divine I'andlity j
whcrcinto Cliriil being long fince enttied, it lecmelh
tliat all ilicfe curious txornalioiis fliould raihorccare.

Hiihr.

F I G

2. Changed by rhetorical figures from the
primitive meaning; not literal.

How often have we been railed at for underflanding
words in ifigwjiive fenfe, which Cinnot be literally
undcrllood without overthrowing the plaineO evi.
dence of fenfe and reafon. SilUlngJIc't,

This is a fi^urjiin/e exprefSon, where the worda
are ufed in a ditfcrent fenfe from what they fignify in
their hrll ordinary intention. Rigf::

3. Full of figures ; full of rhetorical exor-
nations ; full of changes from the origin
nal fenfe.

Sublime fubjefls ought to be adorned with the
fubliraelland with the moAflgurainr exprelKon!.

DryJn'i yuxtiiat. Fief.

Fl'cuRATlVELY. adv. \Uam fgiiratixe .'\

By a figure; in a fenfe different from

that which words originally imply ; not

literally.

The culbm of the apoftle k figuratively to transfer
tohirafelf, in the tirll perfon, what belongs tooilicrs.

The words are different, but the fenfe is rtill the
fame ; for therein are figuruiivJy intended Uziah
and Lzechias, " Brc^c/t.

Satyr is a kind of poetry in which human vices
are reprehended, partly dram.iiically, partly fimply j
but, tor the moll ^urt, figuiath'ely and occuitl).

Dryden-t Juu. lM!c.

FI'GURE. «./. [/^«w, Latin.]

1 . The form of any thing as terminated by
the outline.

Flowers have all ei(]ul(ite ^g.vi «, and the flower
numbers are chiefly five andluur; as in priinrofc,
briar-rofcs, fingle mulkrofcs, fingle pinks and giUu
flowers, which have Hve leaves; lilies, ftowtrdc-
luccs, borage, buglal's, which have four leaves. Bucaa.

Men find green clay that is foft as long as it is
in the water, fo that one miy print on it all kind
oi fig'tres, and give it what Ihape one pleat'es. Btyie.

Figures are properly modifications of bodies; ior
pure fpace is not any where terminated, nor can be :
whether there be or be not body in it, it is uni.
formly continued. L(,ck*.

2. Shape; form; femblance.

He hath borne himfelf be\ond the promife of hii
age, doing in defigure of a iamb the teals of a lion.

libakejpttrt.

3. Perfon'; external form ; appearance grace-
ful or inelegant, mean, or grand.

The bine German (hall the Tigris drink.
Ere I, forfaking gratitude and truth,
Forget the7>gttir of that godliltc youth. Dryien.

\ v.as charmed w ith the gracefulnefs of M\ifigurt
and delivery, as well as with his difcourfes. AdJif.

A ^oo^figure, or perfon, in man or woman, gi^c•
credit at lint fight (o the choice of either. Ciarijfa.

4. Diftinguifhed appearance; eminence;
remarkable character.

While fortune favour'J, while his armsfupport
The caufc, and rul'd the counlcis of the court,
I nude iom^ figure there; nor was my name
(Jblcurc, nor 1 without my Iharc of lame. DryJei.

The fpeech, I believe, was not fo much dencmd
by the knight to inl'orrn the court, as to give him a
figure in my eye, and keep up his credit i«ti t^e
country. AJ.IiJln's Sfeciat^r.

Not a woman (hall be unexplained that makes a
figure z\}^x as a maid, a wife, or a widow.

AddifitCs CutirdtAii.

Whether or no ihey have done well to let you up
for making another kind oi figure, time will wiinef..

Addi)t>n.

Many princes made very ill figmet upon the

throne, who before were the favourites oi the people.

Addifvn^s Freebelder.

5. Magnificence ; fplendour.

If it be his chief end in it to grow rich, that he
may live in figure and indulgence, and be ablr to
letire Irom bulinel's to idknel's and hurry, his trade,
as to him, lofcs all its innocency. Laiu.

6. A ftatue ; an image; fomcthing formed
in refemblance of fomcwhat clfe.

Several llatues, which itemed at a diiUnce of the

whitelt

F I G

yrh'ittH mjrblc, w«re nothing clfe but To mmyjtgum
«n (""ow. _ Ad.tlfm.

7. Reprefentationsinpa'-.ting; perfons ex-
hibited in colours.

In the principal jifg«/-« of a piOure the painter
is to employ the fineus of his art; foi in them con-
Gll» the principal beauty of his work. Diyjcn.

My favourite books and pidtures teJl;
Kindly throw in a \\\.t\e Jjgure,
And fej the price upon the bigger. Prior.

8. Arrangement ; difpofition ; modification.
I'ht fgure of a fyUogifm is «he proper difpoftiion

of the mjiidlc term with the parts of the ijueftion.

Main's Logkk.

9. A characler denoting a number.

Hearts, tongues, fgures, fcribes, bards, poets
cannot
Tliinic, fpeak, caft, write, fing, numljer
Hit love to AntJiony. Sbatc/i>r.ire' i Am. anJCleop.

He that feeketh to be eminent amongft able men,
hath a great talk; but that is ever good for the
publick : but he that plots to be the onXyfgure
VDoiig cjphers, is the decay of a whole age. Bicon,

As in accounts cyphers and Jigurrs pafs for teal
Aims, ft) in human attairs words pafs for things them-
'*!'«• Scuth't Strmnnx.

10. The horofcope ; the diagram of the
afpefb of the aftrological houfes.

We do not know what's brought to pafs under
the pnofeflion of fonunetelling : Ihe works by charms,
by I'pclls, ky the fgurt, and daubry beyond onr
clement. Sbalt/ftarr.

He fct ^Jigure to difcover
If you were Bed to Rye or Dover. HuJiirat.

''^"'■'-"ingeis and flar-gazers pretend to foretell
the tortune> of kingJomj, and have no fnrefight in
what concerns thejnfelves. L'Ejirange.

U. [In theology.] Type; reprefentative.
Who wa« thejSgure of liim that ii to come.

Romanj,

17. [In rhetorick ] Any mode of fpeaking
in which words are dctorted from their
Kreral and primitive fcnfe. In ftrid ac- j
cepcation, the change of a word is a ticfe, I
and any affection of a fentence a ^«/r ;
but they are confounded even by the ex-
afteft writers.

Silken terms prrcife.
Three pil'd hyperboles, fprucc aftertation,
tigurtt pcdaotical, thefe Summer liies
Have blown ine lu;i of maggot ofteijtaiion. Shjk.
Here is a ^Mi^cjigurr invented againll the plain
and natural fenfc ot the words ; tor by praying to
beftow, mud be underftood only praying to pray.

Stilllngjitet ,
T1>ey have been taught rhetorick, but never taught
language; as it the names of they%ai« that em-
beliilhed the difcourfe ot thole, who undcrllood the
art of fpeaking, were the very art and Ikill of fpeak-
ing well. /^i.

4. To diver/ny ; to variegate with adventi-
tious forms or matter.

But this cfturioi) of fiich manly drops,
Stirile mine eyes, and make me more amaz'd
Than had 1 feen the vaulty top of heav'n
Figured quite o'er with burning meteors. Shakt/f.

J. To reprefent by a typical or figurative
referablance.

When facraments are faid to be vifible figns of
iiiv.lible grace, we thereby conceive how grace is
indeed the very end for which thefe heavenly mvfteries
were inftituted ; and the matter whereof they' confift
mfuclus figniHeth, /^OT-f/A, and reprefenteth their

Iherc IS a hiftoryin all men's lives,
Figuring the nature of the times dcceafed. Sbak.

Marriage rings are not of this iluff:
Oh ! why (hould ought lefs precious or Icfs tough
HguTf our loves ? Donnr.

An heroic poem (iiould be more fitted to the com-
mon aflions and paffions of human life, and more
like a glals ol nature, fguring a more praiSicablc
virtue to us than was done by the ancients. Dryd.
The emperor appears as a rifing fun, and holis a
globe in his hand to figure out the earth that is en-
lightened and afluated by his beams. Adiifati.

6. To imagine in the mind.
Nonelhatfeelsfcnfibly the decays of age, and his

life wearing oflf", an figure to hirofelf thofe ima-
ginary diarms in riches .md praife, that men are
apt to do in the warmth of their blood. Trmf/e.

If love, alas! be pain, the pain 1 bear
Ho thought i.u\figmc, and no tongue declare.

7. To prefigure; to forefhow.

Three glorious funs, each one a perfeft fun ;
Inthis the htiv^n figures fome event. Shalefp.

To form figuratively; to ufe in a fenfe
not literal.

•11 a'^"'^"''"'' '""'Pl'ori"' e»preflions do well to
illuftrate more abftrufe and unfamiliar ideas, which
j the mind is not yet ihoroughly .iccultomed to. Locke.
• 9. To note by charaifters.
I Each thought was vifible that roIlM within,

Ai thro" a cryftal glafs Awfigur'd hours are feen.
i ., , Drviien.

j 1-1 CURS-FMJJCER. »./ Ifgure ZnA/iHg.]
I A pretender to aftrology and predirtion.
Quacks, /)finr-j?,»g,rr, pettifoggers, and repub-
liCJii plotters cannot well live without it. C<jijiir
FlV.woRT. n. J. Ifig and luari; ficmia.\
_ ^ plant. MilUr.

Fir.A CFou», adj. [from fihtm, Latin.]
Confiding* of threads; compofed of
thread'

S.

'3' f'" grammar.] Any deviation from the

rules of analogy or fyntax.
To Fi'cuai;. -v. a. [fromyirf«r«, Latin.]
I. To form into any determinate fhape.

Trce» and herbs, in the growing forth of their
boughs and brajicbe.', arc not figured, and keep ao
•ni*'- Bacon.

Accept thisgobkt, rough with _/%«(rV gold.

Dtyd. Virg

2- _To (how by a corporeal refemblance ; as
in picture or ftatuary.

.*rachre_/fyi,rVbow Jove did abufe
Europa Ilk' a hull, and on his back
J Icr through ibe lea did bear ; fo lively feen.
That it true fca, and true bull ye would ween.

Sprvfrr.
Now mnrks the courfe of rolling orb« on high,
O'trfigui 'd world new travels with hii eyr. I'if.t.

3. To cover or adorn with tigures, or
images.

I'll givemyjeweWlbr a fetof b'ads,
My gorgrous palace for a lieriniuge,
My eayxpftatel foranalmfaian'igown,
My^«»»7 V goblets Im i j,;l. jj wot3. Sbakeff

They make cables of the bark of lime trees: it
is the ftalk that maketh the hUci-Mi matter com-
monly, and fometimcs the down thatgioweth above.
tniT Ar-rn Baci,n% t^aiural Hifiory.

\\ LACER. n. f, [Jil/izariii!, low Latin.
filum.] An officer in the common Pleas,
fo called hcciufe he files thofe writs
whereon he makes procefs. There? are
fourteen of them in their feveral dinfions
and coimties : they make out all original
procefi, as well real as perfonal and mixt.
_ , Harris.

Fl'tAME.NT. n. f. [filamoil, French; fila-
mtnta, Latin. ] A (lender thread ; a body
fl'.-ndcr and long like a thread.

The efBuTiiim palGng out in a fmallcr thread, and
more lightened //jmc/ir, it ftmetb not the bodies
«>'"F0fed. g„,^

Ttie hiBgj of confumplives have been confumrd,
nothing remaining but ihe ambient me mirane, ard
a number of withered veins xaAfi^am.itU. iL'vry.

The e'/er-tollirig oib'. impullive ray
On il,e nc«I ihreads iisdfi/jmrrts dt.es b^ar,
W'l.ich foim the fpringy teiturt of the lir ;
An.! tt,„l'e dill ftriVe the next; 'till the (ight
fbe lijjct: ukrj'ion propagate, the lifhf. Slickm.
, ' T he June of horfes 1: nothing but ih'. fiiamrnli
I oftbc hay, »n4ata«h««fl\buftiV>»t-. Ar^Mbket.

F I L

♦i'lhirt, fr, /. [This is derived by7««;as
and Simner from the long beards orhu(ks,
as corrupted from the//// ieard or full of
beard. It probably had its name, like
many other fruits, from fome one that
introduced or cultivated it ; and is there-
fore corrupted from Filbert or Filibert,
the name of him who brought it hither.]
A fine hazel nut with a thin (hell.

In Auguft comes fruit of all forts ; as plumbs,
pears, apricots, barberries, filberts, mufkmelons,
monklTioods of all colours. Bacon's EJTajs.

Thou haft a brain, fuch as it is indeed !
On whatelfe (hould tliy worm of fancy feed?
Yet in ifi/iert 1 have often known
Maggots furvive, when all the kernel's gone. Dorfet

There is alfo another kind, called the filbert of

Conrtantinople; the leaves and fruit of which are

bigger than either of the forme» : the beft are thofe

CT- Ft't^^u"' Mortimer.

10 aiLf^H. <v. <7r [A word of uneertain
etymology. The French word//cr. from
■which fome derive it, is of very late
produdion, and therefore cnnnot 'be its
original.] To fteal ; to take bv theft ; •
to pilfer; to pillage; to rob; to take
by robbery. It is ufually fpoken of petty
thefts.

He (hall find his wealth wonderfully enlarged bv
keeping his cattle in inclofures, where ihcy ihM ■
always have fale being, that none are continually
.A'«"'and ftolen. Sfenjir.

The champion robbeth by night,
And prowleth indfi/cbeti by daie. Tujfer's Hu/i.
Who fteals my purfe. Heals traih ; 'tis lomething,
nothing ;
'T was mine, 'tis his, and has been (lave to thou-

fands;
But'he that^XriM from me mygood name,
Robs me of that which not enriches him.
And makes me poor indeed. Sbakcjpearf's OihelTa.

Fk could difcein cities like hives ol bees, wherein •■
every bee did nought elfe but ftiiig ; fome like hor-
nets, lome likejiirVcA/d^wafps, others as drones.

Burton an Meiancboh.

vv hat made thee venture to betray,

had filch the lady's heart away. Hiidibtas.

'J he pifmire was formerly a hufbondman, that

lecreayfiicbej ivi3y hisnciglibour's goods. L' E/i.

Fain would ihcy file b that little food away,
While unrcftrain'd thofe happy gluttons prey. Drjd. '

So fpecds the wily fox, alarm'd by fear.
Who lntcly7f/cA'</ the turkey's callow caic. Cay. ,

Fi'lcher. »./. l^omfhh.] A thief; a

petty robber.
FILE. ». /. [file, French ; filum, a thready .

Latin.]
I. A thread. Not ofed.

But letmerefume the^/<-of rnvnarration, whiclj
this objea of books, beft agreeable to my coiirie of
lile, hatha little interiuptcJ. IVotioit.

i. A line on which papers are ftrung ,to ■
keep them in order.

Al! rec.irJs, wherein there w,is any memnrvof the
king's attainder, fliould- be cancelled and la'kiii oft'
tbcjif/t. Baeon.

The petition-! being. thus prepared, do you con-
tinually fct apart an lioin in a day to penile thofe, .
and then rank them into feveral^j'/er, according to
the fubjed matiers. Bacon

Th'.ipothfcary-train is wholly blind j
. Krom files a random recipe they tak e,
And many deaths of oneprefiiiiption make. DrjdeH,

3. A catalogue ; roll ; ferics.

Outpreicm mufters pioiv upon thcj57e
To hve iind iwentj ihouf.nul men of choice. Sbai,

Tlie v3\u'ifilf
DiftinguiiTie- the fwifi, the How, thefubtlc. Shak.-

4. A line., of foldiers ranged one b^-hind
another.

Thofe pocidly eyes,
. Tbit o'er tlicyi/.janJ nui.leiiof the war

{Ia^'«

FI L

Have glowM like f'uei Man, nov kend,. now tHFji
Upun 2 cawoy tVoot, SLikcj'^icart^i Ant, And CUcp,

So faying, on he led his radiant^/»,
•Daiiling the moon. Miltcn's Paraiift LoJI.

5. [jcool, Saxon; 'vijU, Dutch.] An in-
ftrument to rub down prominences.

The tough or conrfe-toothcjjfi', if it be la<g«, i?
callcit a rubb.:r, and 13 to take of the unevcncefs of
your work which the hammer made in the forging :
the bathid- toothed fU is ro take out of your work
the deej) euti, or file-ttrokes, the rough jiie made :
the Hne-toothed fik is to take out the cuts, or 6Ie-
ftrokef, the batlarJ^/^ made ; and. the fmooth^-
is to Uke out thofc cuts, or tilc-llrok», that the
fiMjiU naade. Moxon.

A //r for tfa« mottoctuaad. for tlie coulters.

I 5<iiB. xiii. it.

The fmithi and armourers 00 pal&eys ride,
FUtsia their luDids, aud hammeri at their lide.

Drydttt.

- Fi'l«cwtte». n. /. [fit TtoA cutttT.\ A
iii.iker of files.

Gad-fteel is a tough fort of fteel : //ffwWirj v(a

it to make their chilfeh, with whicl» they cut iheir

tiles. Atcxcx.

. To File, it, a. {itomfium, a thread.]

\ I. To ftring upon a thread or wire. Whence

to fie a lull is to .afier iv in its order to

J the notice of the judge.

From the day his firit bill w filed he hejjo to
coUea reports. Aibuih. and Pspt's Mail. Scrih.

2. [From pepkn, Saxoii.] : To.cui with;a
file.

The^Kwhich would _^/e awayi moft frpm. tire Urge-

nefs of <hat offer, ib m more (paring terms acknow-

1 ledge little lefs. Ihokcr..

Let men be care&il how they attempt to cure a

. blemilh by filixg or ^cutting off the hud of fuch an

ovcrgrotvn tooth. Ray.

3. To fmooth ; to polifn.

His humour is lofty, his^ diffourfe peremptory,
1 his tonguc_//fi/, and his eye ambitious. Siakt/p.
. 4. [From plan, Saxon.] To foul ; to fully ;
to pollute. .This fen^e is retained in
Scotland.
For Banquo'siffuelvive I fil'dfay mind,
. Tor them the gracious Duncan h»ve 1 xourJer'd.

Sbake/p.
His weeds divinely fel^ioaed,
.All//'</animingl'd. .Ciapmati's llliadi.

Te File. t. k. [from the noun.] To march
in a file, not abreaft, but one beliind

another.

All ran down without order or oeremony, 'till we
drew up in good order, w\ifit<:d off. Tatter.

Did.all the groffer atoms at the cell
•Of iiafictfitt off to form the pondrous ball.
And undetermin'd into order tall > Bluckmore.

• Ji'lf.mot. ». /. [corrupted from Jrueille
morte, a dead leaf, French.] A brown or
, yellow-browB colour.

The. colours you ought to wi(h for are blue or

jUtuut, turned up with red. Xtvifi.

.Fi'ler. n. f. [fromy5/e.j One who files;

one who ufes the fik in cutting metals.
FI'LIAL, adj. \ filial-It, French; filius,
Latin.]

1, Pertaining to a fon ; befitting a fon.

My mifchievous proceeding may be the glory of
kit fi/ial piety, the only reward iww left for fo great
a merit. SulMeji.

From impofttion of l>rift laws, to free
Acceptance of large grace ; from fcivilc feat
1'ctfiliali works oiUw, to works of faith. Milton.

He gricv'd, he wept, the fighl an image brought
Of his ovia filial love, a fadly pleafing thought.

Orydtu.

2. Bearing the charafter or relation of a
fon.

And thus tlie///fl/ godhead anfw'ring fpoke.

Miltam.
Where the old myrtle her good influence Iheds,
Jpiijt of like leaf cret\ ihtir filial heads ;

F I L

And when the parent rofe dscayi »nd Jie»,
With a lefembling face the daughter buds atife.

Prior.

Filia'tion. »./. [ffoin///«f, Latin.] The
relation of a fon to a father; correlative
to paternity.

The relation of pitttnity laijlintion, between the
firft and fecond perfon, and the rela'ion between the
facrcd pcrfous of the Trinity, and the denomination
thereof, muff needs be eternal, becaufc the terms
of relation between whom that relation arifeth were
eternal. Hale's Origin of M.inkini.

Fi'uNGS. n. f. [without a fingular ; from
Jle.'\ Fragments rubbed offby the adtion
of the file.

The//«S"^ '"" mfiifed in vinegar, will, with

a dccotlion of galls, make good ink, without any

copperolie. Brown.

'I'he chipping; and filings of thofe jewels are of

more value than the whole mafs of ordinary authors.

Ffllon on tilt Clajf.

To FILL. -v. w. [):yllan, Saxon.]

1 . To (lore 'till no more can be admitted.

.Fill the waterpou with water, and they ///<ri/ them
. \fp IQ the brim. J-'l>n, ii- ?•

lam vi\v>fi!l
Infinitude, nor VaCuous fpace. Milton.

The cclelf iai quires, when orient light
Exhaling firft from darknefs they beheld ;
Birth-day of Heav'n and Earth; with joy and (bout
Tlie hollow univerfal orb they/// V. Milton.

Z. To (lore abundantly.

Be fruitful, multiply, and !n thefeas
And lakes and ruimiiig Itreams the waters///.

Millon.

3. Tofatisfy; to content.

He with his coiilbrtcd Eve
The (lory heard attentive, and W3sfill'd
With admiration and deep mufe to hear. Milton.
Nothing but the fuprcmc and abfohite Iniinite can
adequately /// and fuperabundantly falisiy the infi-
nite delires of intelligent beings, Cbtjne.

4. To glut ; to furfeit.

Thou art going to lord Timon's feaft.
— Ay, to fee meatjiV/ knaves, and wine heat fools.

Siukrfp.
5-. To Fill out. To pour out liquor for
drink.

6. To Fill OK/. To extend by fomethin'g
contained.

I only fpeak of him
Whom pomp and greatnefs (its fo loofe about.
That he w ants majcHy lofill them out. Dryden,

7. To Fill up. \Up is often uCed without
much addition to the force of the verb.]
To make full.

Hope leads from goal to goal.
And opens ftill, and opens on his. foul ;
Till lengthen'd on 10 faith, and unconlin'd,
It pours ttie bill's i\\i\ fills up all the mind. Tope.

8. To Fill ///. To fupply.

When the fcvcral trades and profelTions are fup-
plicd, you will lind moft of thofe that are proper 16r
war abfolutely ncce(lar)' Kat filling up the laborious
part of life, and carrying on the underwork of the
nation. AJdifon en the IVar,

9. To Fill up. To occupy by bulic

There would not be altojctticr fj much water re-
quired tor the l.rnd as for the lea, to raife them to
an equal height ; bccaul'e mouniains and hills wobM
/■// up part of that (pace upon the land, and fo make
lets viater requifite. Burnet.

lO.ToViL I. up. To engage ; to employ .

bit tar you ride ?
— As far, my lord , as will/// up the ti me
'Twixt this and fupper. iytiakr/peare'i Macbeth.

To Fill. v. ».

I. To give to drink.

In the cupwluch Ibehath filled,/.'/ to her double.

Rev. xviii.
We fill to th' general joy of the whole table,
A»d to our dear (ricnd BamjuOj whom w« mifs.

Sliakefi>.

z. To grow full.

F I L

3 . To g!ut ; to fatiate.

Things that arc fweet and fat are tatn filling,
and do fwim and hang more about (he mouth of
the (lomach, and go not down fo fptredily. bacon.

4. To Fill »/. To grow full.

Neither thr Palus Meotis nor the Euxine, nor any
other fcas, /.'/ up, or by degrees grow (halbwer.

IVood^vard.

The firft (lage of healing, or the difchatge of mat-
ter, is by fuigeons called digeftion ; the (econd, o»
the filling up with fle(h, incarnation; and the laft,^
or Ikinniiig over, cicatrization Sharp, <i

Fill. »./. [from the verb.]

1. As much as may produce complete fatis-
faftion.

Her neck and breafts were ever open bare,
That aye thereof her kabes may fuck their///.

Fairj ^ee*.
But thusinilam'J befpoke the captain.
Who fcorocth peace Ihail have hii fill of war.

Fairfax,

When ye v/ere ihirfty, did I rot cleave the rock,

and waters flowed out to yiijifi.'l? z Ejd, i. 29.

Mean while enjoy
Your///, what happioefs this happy (late
Can compichciid, incapable of more. Miltoit.

Ataii' the tree now geU, where plenty hung
Tempting fo nigh, to pluck and cat my fill,
I fpar'd not. Milim's I'aradife Lofi,

Which made me gently firft remove your tears,
That fo you might have room to entertain
Your/// of joy. Denham's Sophy.

Your barbarit^ may have its/// of dcftruflion.

Pope.

2, [More properly thill.'\ The place be-
tween the fhafts of a carriage.

This mule being put in the /// of a cart, tun
away with the cart and timber. j\lortimer*s Hiiji. .

Filler. »./. [from///.]

1. Any thing that fills up room without
ufc.

'Tis a meet filler, to (lop a vacancy in the hexa-
meter, and coniiedl the preface to the work of Virgil.
Dryd. JEn. Dedic,

A mixture of tender gentle thoughts and fuitable
exprelCon;, of forced and inextricable conceits, and
of needlefs///frj up to the rell. Pope.

2, One whofe employment is to fill veffels
of carriage.

They have fix diggers to four fillers, fo as to keep
the fillers always atwork. Moriimer'j ilujhanjry.

FI'LLET. ». /. [filet, French ; filim^ Lat^]

1. A band tied round the Lead or other
part.

His baleful breadth infpiring, as he glides.
Now like a chain around tier neck he rides ;
Now like a///e/ to her head repairs.
And with his circling volumes folds her hairs.

Dryden' s JEn,

She fcorn'd the praife of bcaut^■, and the care;
A belt her waiil, a/V/r." binds her hair. Pfe.

2. The flcfhy part of the thigh : applied
commonly to veal.

Tho youth approach'd the fire, and as it bum'd.
On five iharpbruacher: rank'd, the roall they turn'd :
Thcfe morfds ftay'd their ftomach ; then the reft
They cut in legs mA fillets for the feaft. Dryden,

3. Meat rolled together and tied round.

Fillet of a ferny fiiake.
In the cauldron boil and b^ke. Sbakefp,

The mixture thus, by chymick art
United clofc in every p.iit,
ln///<'/rtoird, or cut in pieces,
Appear'd like one continu'dfpecies, Svl/t.

4. [Inarchitcfture.] A little member vi-hich
appears in the ornamcRts and mouldings,
and is otlierwife called liilel. Harris,

Pillars and their fillets of filver. Exodus,

To Fi'llet. -v. a. [from the noun.]
I. To bind with a bandage or fillet,
z. To adorn with an aftragal.

He in.idc hooks for the pillars, and overlaid their
thapilcrs, and fi/letud (hem, >Ex, xxxviii. iS.

7*

Fl L

Tt FiLir. V. a. [A word, fay* Slimitr,
formed from the found. This rcfem-
blanoe I am not ab'e to difcovcr, and
therefore am inclinea to imagine it cor-
rupted iToaifil up, by fome combination
of ideas which cannot be recovered.] To
ftrike with the nail of the finger by a
fudden fpring or motion.
If I io,filiif me with » ihrcc-man beetle. Shak.
Then let the pebbles on tlic hungry beach
Fillip the rtars : then let the mutinous win4s
Strike the proud cetian '^ainil the tier; fun. Shake/.
We fee, that if you_/f2/i4 a lutertrmg, it llieweth
double or treble. Bican't Natural llifiary.

Fi'lli?. n.f. [from the verb.] A jerk of

the finger let go from the thumb.
Fi'lly. n. /. Ifihy, Wellh ; filU, French.]

1. A young horfc or mare. Not now ufed.

GMJiUies, but tits, yet a nine days of age.
They die elfe of geldiog, and gelden do rage :
Young /?///« fo likely of bulk and of bone,
Keep itich to be breedeis, let gelding alone. Tajfti,

A well-wayed horfc will convey thee to thy jour-
ney 't coal, wbea ao nabacked^'Z/jr may give ihec a
fall. Suckling.

2. A young mare ; oppofed to a colt or
young horfe.

I jell to Oberon, and make him fmile.
When I a fat and bean-fed horfe beguilf.
Neighing in likenefs of ifUj foal. Shakefftatt.

I am joined in wedlock, for my fin», to one of
Uteit fillies who are defcribed in the old poet.

AdJifan'i Sfeffaler.

FILM. It. f. [pymlej5a, Saxon.] A thin
pellicle or ikin.

While the filver needle did work upon the fight
of hii eye, lo remove the film of the catarafl, he
never faw any thing more clear or perfed than that
white needle. Bacon.

Michael from Adam'i eyes the ^/m rcmov'd,
Which that falTc fruit that promis'd clearer fight
Had bttd. .Milion': Paiadi/i Laft.

A (lone ii held t/p by the film of the bladder,
and fo kept from gr.>ling or olTending it. Grauni.

There is not one infidel fo ridiculoui as to pre.

lend lo folve the phjcnomena of fight, fancy, or co-

(lUlion, by tbole flecung fuperficial^/orr of bodies.

Hefnley*i Sermons.

He from thick_^/»tr (hall purge the vilual ray.
And on the fightlcfs eyeballs pour the day. t'ofr.

To Fi I. M. f. a. [from the noun.] To cover
with a pellicle or thin (kin.

Ii will but fkio inifilm the ulcerous place,
WhilH rank corruption, mining all within.
Inlets unfeen. Sbakrff care's Hamlet.

Fi'lmv. aJj. [from///?;.] Compofcd of thin
membranes or pellicles.

So the falfe fpider, when her nets are fpread.
Deep ambulb'd in her filent den docs lie;

And feels, far off, the trembling of her thread,
Whofe^Zpiyp cord ftiould bind the fttuggling Hv.

6rydeii.
The walps with fruitlcfs toil
flipfilmy pinions olt, to extricate
Their feel in liquid ftiackles bound, 'till death
Bereave them of ihrir worthlefs fouls j fuch doom
Waits luiury, and lawlefs love of gi>in. P/'ilift.

Loofe to the winds their airy gjrmcr.ti flew,
Thin glitt'ring tenures of tht filmy dew;
Dipt in the richcft tiofture of the Ikies,
When light difporu in ever-mingling dyei. Pofe.

Tt V I'LT ER. f. a. [fliro, low Latin ; fer

f.litm Irahere.^
1. To defecate by drawing off liqueur by

depending threads.

3. To ftrain ; to percolate.

Dilute this li<|uour with fair W5ter,///re it through

a paper, and fo evaporate it. Qreiti's Muf^um

FiLte*. n.f. [//irttm.LMm.]

1. A twift of thread, of which one end is

dipped in the liquor to be defecated,

and the other hangi below the bottom of

Vol. 1,

F I N

the vcflel fo that the liquour drips from
if.
2. A ftrainer; a (earce.

That the water palFing through the veins of the

earth, fliould be rendered frelh and potable, which it

cannot be by any percolations we can make, but the

faline particles will p«l» through a leuia'.d filter.

^ Ray 9M tiie Crcs'laji,

FI'LTH. «.f. [pl«, Saxon. J

1. Dirt; naflinefsi any thing that foils or
fouls.

Wifjom and goodnefs to the wle feem vile;
Filtks favour but themfelves. Slijkejf. King Lear.

Neiiher may you trull waters 'that talte Iweet; for
they are commonly found in tifiiig gr.juiids of grcji
cities, wliich rauft needs take in a great deal oi
filth. Bacon'i Natural Uifi.ry.

How perfefl then is man ? from hejd tp loot
Defil'd with ///A, and rotten at the loot. Sandy\.

Though perhaps among the rout
He wildly flings \{n filth about;
He ftiU has gratitude and fap'ence.
To fpare the loiks that give him ha'pence. S-u'ift.

2. Corruption ; grolfnefs ; pollution.

Such do likcwilceiceedingly difpofe us to piety

and religion, by purifying out fouls from the dro!s

ini filth of fenfual delights. Titlo'Jc.t.

Fi'lthily. adv. [(tova JUthj.} Naltily ;

foully ; grofsly.

It lluck filthily in camel's llomach that bulls,
bean, and the like, Ihould be armed, and that a
creature of hit fize Ihould be left defcncclels.

L'EJlrange.

Fi'lthiness. n.f. [from ///Ay.]

1. Naftinefs; foulnefs; dirtinefs.

Men of virtue fuppreflVd it, letk their (hising
Ihould difcover the oihtnfi'ltiine/i. SiJary.

2, Corruption ; pollution.

They held this land, and with l\\t\rfiltbiiteft
Polluted this fame gcnilc foil long lime.

Thai their own mother loath'd tlieir bcallliiiefs.
And 'gan abhor her brood's unkiudly csiinc,
All were they born of her own native flime, Sfertfer.

They never duly improved the utmoil ol luth a
power, but gave themfelves up to all ilxfilllinejs and
Itcentioufnefs of life imaginable. Souh's Strmuni.
Fi'lthy. adj. [itomjilth.]

1. Nafty; foul"; dirty.

Fair is foul, and foul is fair;
Hover through the fog vaifiltbj air. Shak, Macielb.

2. Groft; polluted.

As all ftories are not proper fubjcAs for an epick

poem or a tragedy, fo neiiher arc they for a noble

piduie : ihe fubjedli both ot the ow and ol the

other, ought to have nothing of immoral, low, or

filthy in them. Dryien's Dl/fre/noy.

lo Fl'LTRATE. 'v. a. [itomfitir.] To
ftrain ; to percolate ; to filter.

The extract obtained by the former operation,
burnt to alhes, and tliofe alhei boiled in water and
filtrated, yield a fiery fjlt. Arbuthnoi on Aliments.

Filtra'tion. n.f, [Uomjiltraie.] A me-
thod by which liquors arc procured fine
and clear. The filtration in ufe is llrain-
ing a liquour through paper, which, by
the fmalinefs of its poref, admits only the
finer parta through, and keeps the reft
behind. i^mcy.

We took then common nitre, and having, by t^c
ufual way of folution, filiratii^si, and coagulation,
reduced it into cryllals, we put four ounces of this
purihed nitre into a llrong new crucible. H(,yle.

Fi'mbi, E //fOT/. n.f, [Corrupted from /«•-
»/«/<•.]

'I'he light Summer hemp, that bcais no feed,
which is called fimhie hemf. Mortimer.

Good flax and good hemp, for to have of hti own,
In May a good houfewitc will fee it be ii^lffn
And afterwards trim ii, and fcrve at a s^td,
'Vhtfimlile to fpiii, and the carl; lor her feed. Tiijfcr.

flN. B./.Fpn, Saxon; viii, Dutch.] 'ihe
wing of a fifh;

the limb by wliich he

F I N

h.ilanccs his body, and moves in the
water.

He that depends
Upon your favours, Iwims wiihyf^ of lead.
And hews down oaks wiihrulhcs. Slxikefp. OthelU,
Tharfim conlill of a nunitcr ot griltly bunei,
long and flender, like pins and needles. More,

Thus at half-ebb a rolling fca,
Retirrns, and wins upon the ihore;
The wstiy herd, atTriglited at the roar,
Relt on theirfi'ns awhile, and (lay, '_

Then backward lake their wond'ring way. Dryden.

Still at his oar th' inJuftrious Libysplicsj
But as he plies, each buly arm Ihrinks in,
^ And by degrees is falhion'd to ^fin. Addifon's Ovid.
FiN-FooTED. adj. \fin and /»«/.] Pal-
miped ous ; having feet with membrane*
between the toes.

It is defcribed like fiffipe<l»», or birds whitih have
their feet or claws divided ; whereas it is palmipedous
cir fin.facted, like Iwans and gcel'e, according to
ihc method of nature in latirolfrous or flat-billed
birds; whid) being generally fwimmers, the organ is
' wifely contriwd unto the adlion, and they are framed
wiih fins or oars upon their feet. Briism.

Fi'nable. adj. [from,/w.] That admits
a fine ; that w hich defcrves a fine.

This IS the order for writs of covenant that be

finable. BaioK.

He fcnt letters to the council, wherein he ac

knowlcdged himlelf favoured iu bringing his canle

finable. Hayu'urd.

Fl'NAL. adj. [/W, French ;/W/>,Lat. J

1. Ultimate; latt.

And over them triumphant death his dart
Shook ; but delay'd to ftrike, though olt invok'd
With vows, as their chief go»d, u\i final \\oft.Mi!ti.

2. Conclufive ; dectfivc.

There be many examples where fea-fights have

beenTfW to the war. Bacon.

Henry fpent his reign in eftablilhing himfelf, ari

had neither leil'ure nor opportunity to undertake the

/M/conquell of Ireland. Vwfia on Irelir.J.

3. Mortal; deftrudive.

At laft rcfolv'd to work \\\z final fmart.
Ho lifted up his hand, but back again did llsrt,

Sfekfer' t fairy !^ei.n,

4. Refpefling the end or motive.

Some things in fuch f.)rt arc allowed, that they
be alio required as neceiraiy unto falvalion, by way
ofdiredl, immediate, and proper neceflityyi/i.i/) lo
that, without performance of them, they cannot by
ordinary courle be laved, nor by any means be ei-
cludcd Irom life, oblcrvii.g them. Hooker,

By its gravity air railcs the water in pumps,
fiphons, and other engines; anij performs all thole
feats which former philol'ophers, through ignorance
of the efliciciit caufe, attributed to x final, namely,
nature's abhorrence of a vacuity. Ray.

Your anfwering in ihtfinal caufe, makes me be-
lieve you arc at a lofs for the efficient. Collier.
Fi'nally. /yf/tf. [fom/W.]
1. Ultimately; laftly; in conclufion.
Sight bcreiv'd
May chance to number llice with thofe
Whom fHicme finally mult crown. Alill. Agonijles.
2. Completely; without recovery.

Not any houfe of noble Englilh in Iceland was
utterly deltroyed, or finally rooted out by the hand
otjultice, but the houleol OL-rniouJ only. Davles,
Doubtlefsly many men arc finally loll, who yet
have no men s fins toanfwer lor but theirov/n. South.
FINA'NCE. n.f. [French.] Revenue; in-
come; profit. It is feldom ufed in the
ftngular.
1 hii fort of finance hath been incre.ifcd. Bacon
The refidue ol ihelc ordinary finances be cafual or
uncertain; as be the cfcheals and forfeitures. BacjK.
His pretenpe for making vvarujion his neii^hbourt
was their pyracies, though he pr.iailed ilie fame
trade v.hen he wasftraitciicd/inhis j*«./«riM at the
ficgc of Byiantium. Aiiulbnot.

FINANCER. n.f [French,] One who

colleiflsot farms the publick revenue; one

J ii who

F I N

who underftands the publick reve-
nue.

Fi'narv. n.f. [from To /«<•.] In the iron
works, the fecond forge at the iron mills.

Dia.

Ftnch. «./. [pnc, Saxon.] A fmall bird
of which we have three kinds, the gold-
finch, chaffinch, and bulfinch,

To Find. f. a, [pnban, Saxon; vinden,
Dutch.] _ -

1. To obtain by fearching or feeking.

Alk, aodil fl»U be given to you; fetk, and ye
ftiilI/T</. Malt. in. T.

Whereas thou hjft fearched alV my (VvitF, what haft
iaoM found of all the houfehold Hurt? Gen. xxxi. 37.

She difappearM, and led roc dark j 1 wak'd
To find her, or for ever to deplore
Her iofs. MihoK.

A bird that flies about,
And belli itfelf againft the cage,
t'itidirg at brt uo palTage out,
It fits and fings. _ . Cofulty.

2. To obtain fomething loft.

VVhtu hj haih fauiid his fheep, he layeth it oti
his (houldeis rejoicing. i-a/r, xv. 5.

In my fchooldays, ^vhea I had lofl one Ihaft,
J fhoi his fellow of the fclf-fame flight
The feU-fami.way, with more advifed watch,
Tafind ihc other forth i by vent'riiig both,
1 oXyfound both. Xb^ieJp.-Merc/jMl of l^enice.

3. To obtain fomething defired.

Thus 1 erabolden'd fpake, and freedom ufed
PermifGve, and accepuncs faun J. Aiillon,

Our voluntary fcrvicc he requires.
Not our neceflitated ; fuch with him
Finds no acceptance, nor z-iafind. Milton.

^. To meet with ; to fall upon.

There watchfi! at the gate thzifiiid

Sul'picioii wiih her eyes behind. Dodjlcy's Mifcell.

In woods and forefts thou vn found. Co-wUy.

The bad muftmifs, the good unibught ^iWfind.

fofe.

5. To know by experience.

Hew oft will he
Of thy chang'8 f^ith complain !
And his foituncs_/fW to be

So airj and fo vain ! Cmvley.

The torrid zone is now /o«B</ habitable. Coiuley.

6. To come to ; to attain.

Tlie fun that barren fhiiies,
Whofe virtue on itfelf works no eSeft,
But in the fruitful earth ; there iird rfceiv'd
His beam:, unadlive elfe, their vigourjSW. Milton.

■J. To difcover by ftudy, or attention.

The fox that firil this caufe of grief did find,
'Can firtl thus plain bis cafe with words unkind.

Huiierd.
Phyficians
With (harpcn'd light fome remedies mzvfind. Dryd.

'I hy maid ! A\\,find fome nobler theme,
Whereon thy doubts to place. Cowley.

8. To difcover what is hidden.

A curfe on him v.hof'/und the oar. Cowley.

9. To hit on by chance ; te perceive by ac-
cident.

They build on fands, wh'ich if unmov'd theyfind,
'Tis but becaufc there was no wind. Coivi'ry.

10. To gain by any mental endeavour.

1 by converting cannot thefe erefl
From prone, nor in their ways complacence_^W.

Milton.
If we for happinefs could \i:\(\ire find.
And wand'ring time into a m.'thod bind.
We fhouU not then the great aens' favour need.

, • Cowlry.

We oft review, each^n^/w^likea friend
.Someihin2 to blame, and lomething to commend.

1 1. To remark ; to obfcrve; to perceive.

Thin far to tiy thee, Adam, I was pleafed,
And find thee knowing not of bcall alone,
Whith thou hall rightly nati'd, but of ityfelf. Mi/i.

Jicauiy 01 wilin all lyfii/. Cew/y.

F I N

12. Todetefl; todeprehend; to catch.

When firdfound in a lie, talk to him of it as a
flrange monllrous matter, and fo fhamc him out «(
it. Locke.

13. To reach ; to attain.

They are glad when they an find the grave. Joi. iii.

'I'hey alfo know.
And reafon not contemptibly with thefe;
/iWpaftime, and bear rule. Milltn.

In folitude
What happlnef», who can enjoy alone.
Or all enjoying,/ what contentmentyf«</? Milton.

He did the utmod bounds of knowlcdgeyfTi/,
Yet found them not fo large as viras his mind. Cewlry.

14. To meet.

A clear confcience and heroick mind.
In ills their bufinefs and their glory _/?«./. Cotvley.

15. To fettle; to fix any thing in one's
own opinion.

Some men
The marks of old and catholick would find.

Co^vUy.

16. To determine by judicial verdift.

They would enforce them to find as they would
direct ; and if they did not, convent, imprifon, and
fine them. Bacon.

His peers, upon this evidence,
HiW found him guilty of high treafon. Shaltefp.

17. To fupply; to furnilh: as he {iai& me
in money and in niicluah.

A war with Spain is like to be lucrative, if we go
roundly on at firft; the war in continuance <ii\\\ find
itfelf. ' Bacon.

Still govern thou my fong,
Urania, ajid ht audience jfW, though few. Milion.

18. [Inlaw.] To approve: as, to find «W/.

19. To determine: z.%,toii.vi^for the plaintiff.

20. To Y\n\> himfelf. To be ; to fare with
regard to eafe or pain, health, or ficknefs.

Pray, fir, how d'ye find yourfelff fays the
doSor. VEfirange.

21. To Find out. To unriddle; to folve.

The finding out of parables is a wearifomc labour
of the mind. _ Ecclif. xiii. 26.

22. To Find out. To difcover fomething
hidden.

Can'fl thou by fearching ^a</ oar God? Can'ft
ihoafind out the Almighty unto perfedion ? Jib, ii.

There are agents in nature able to make the
particles of bodies ftick together by very ftrong at-
traiSions, and it is the bufuiefs of experimental phi-
lofophy to find ihem out: Ne-u'ton.

What hinders then, but that you find her out.
And hurry her away by manly force? Addifon' s Cato .

23. To Find out. To obtain the know-
ledge of.

The principal part of painting is to find out, and
thoroughly to undcrlland, what nature has made
moft beauliful. Dtyden.

24. To Find out. To invent; to exco-
gitate.

A man of Tyre, flcilful to wOrk in gold, and to
find out every device which fhall be put to him.

2 Chron. li. 14.

25. The particle out is added often with-
out any other nfe than that it adds fome
force or emphafis to the verb.

While Ihe proudly march'd about.
Greater conquelh 1.0 find out.
She beat out Sufan by the by. Cowley.

It is agieeabic to compare the face of a great rtan
with the character; and to try if we an find out in
his looks and leaiurcs cither tlie haughiy, cruel, or
merciful temper. _ Addifon.

He was afraid of being infultcd with Greek ; for

vihich reafon he delired a friend \.>) find him out a

clergyman rather ol plain fenfe than much learning.

Ad.iijon'x S^efJjtor.

26. To IfiND, is a word of very licentious
and capticioiis ufe, not eafily limited or
explained; its firft idea is the confequetice
cffiarch; the fecond, equally frequent, is
mere occurjioii.

F I N

Fi'NntR. v. f. [from /«</.]

1. One that meets or falls upon any thing.

We will bring the device to the bar, and criyvn
thee for a finder of madmen. Shak. Twelfth Nigil.

2. One that picks up any thing lolt.

Some lewd fqueaking cryer.
May fall ihe finder's confcience, if they meet. Donne.

O yes ! if any happy eye
This roving wanton fhall defcry.
Let iheyf»^irrfurely know
Mine is the wag; 'tis I tliat owe
The winged wand'rer. Crajhavs.

Findfa'ult. ». /. \fini and _/««//.] A
cchfurer; a caviller.

We are the makers of manners, Rate; and the
liberty that follows our places, flops the month of
iWfindfaulK. Shak.fpeare.

Yi'nuY.adJ. [5epnbiT, Saxon.] FJurop;
weighty; firm; folid. Not ufed. Thus
the proverb,

A cold May and a windy,
Makes the barn fat and findy ;
means that it ftores the bam with plump and firm
grain. ■ funiut.

FINE. adj. \]inne, French; fijn, Dutch and
Erfe ; perhaps from Jsnitui, completed,
Latin.]

1. Not coarfe.

Not any fkiU'd in loops of fingering fine.
With this fo curious net-work might compare.

Spenler.
He was arrayed in purple and j5>rf linen. Luke.

2. Re.'ined; pure; free from drofs.

Two vefl'els of_;f«rr copper, precious as gold. Ezra,

3. Subtile; thin; tenuous: as, the ^w
fpirits evaporate.

When the eye ftandeth in the finer medium,
and the objed in the grolTer, things ihew greater :
but contraruvife, when the eye is placed in thcgrolVer
medium and the objeft in the finer. Bacon,

4. Refined ; fubtilely excogitated.

In fubdance he promifed himlelf money, honour,
friends, and peace in the end; but thofe things
were too fine to be fortunate, and fucceed in all

parts.

Bacon,

Whether the fcheme has not be*n purfued fo far
as to draw it into praiftice, or whether it be too fine
to be capable of it, I will not determine. Temple,

5. Keen; thin; fmoothly (harp.

Great affairs are commonly too rough and flubborn
to be wrought upon hy the finer edges or points of
wit. Bac'.n.

6. Clear; pellucid; tranfparent: as, the
wine '\%fine.

Let the wine without mixture or ftum be all fine.
Or call up the mailer. Jihnfon.

7. Nice; exquifite; delicate.

Are they not fenfelefs then, that think the foul
Nought but A fine perfedlion of the limfe? DaiAes,
■ The irons of planes are let fine or rank: they
are hi fine when thsy Hand fo (hallow below the
fole of the plane, that in working they take off a
thin (having. Maxon't Med. Exer.

8. Artful ; dexterous.

The wifdom of all thefe latter times, in princes
affairs, is rather fine deliveries, and (hiltiogs of
dangers and mifchiefs, than folid and grounded
couifes to keep them aloof. Bacon,

9. Fraudulent; fly; knaviflily fubtle.

Through hisfine handling, and his cleanly play.
He all thofe royal (igns had ftol'naway.- Hui. Tuli.

10. Elegant; beautiful in thought oc lan-
guage.

To call the trumpet by the name of the metal was
fine. _ Dryilin.

11. Applied to perfon, it means beautifu-1
with dignity.

12. Accoinplilhed; elegant of manners.

He was not only the fimfi «ntleman of his time,
but one of the_/f>jf/? fcholars. Felton on the Ctafficks,

13. Showy; fplendid.

It is wnh a fine genius as with ^fine fafhion ; all

tho(i>

FIN

tfcofe jre dlfyleafed at it who are not able to follow
it. Pope.

The fatirical part of mankind will needs believe,
that it is act impoflibU o be very Jine and very
fiUhy. Sviift.

14. [Ironically.] Something that will fervc
the purpofe ; focnething worth con-
temptuous notice.
That fame knave, Ford, her hulband, hath the
J^^ffi mad devil of jealoufy in him, maftcr Brook,
that ever governed frenzy. Sbakeff.

They taught us, indeed, to doath, to dwell in
houfes,
To feaft, to fleep on down, to be profufe :
A/Bf exchange for liberty. Phiiifi's Brltm.

FlN£. n./. [ffin, Cimbr.]

1. A mulcl; a pecuniary punifhment.
The killing of an Irilliman was not puniflied

by our law as manflaughter, which is felony and
capital ; but by a JitK or pecuniary punilhment,
called an ericke. Davtes on Ireland,

2. Penalty.

Ev'n this ill night your breathing {hall expire,
Pajjing the fine of rated treachery. Shak. K. John.

3. Forfeit; money paid for anj exemption
or liberty.

The fpirit of wantonnefs is fure feared out of
him: if the devil have him not in fee-fimple, with
Jine and recovery, he will never, in the way of wade,
attempt us again. Shakeff.

Bclides ^finet fet upon plays, games, balls, and
feafting, they have many cuftcms which contribute
to their fimplicity. Addljov.

How vain that fecond life in other breath,
Th' ellate which wits inheritafter death I
Eafe, health, and life for this ihey rouft relign,
Unfure the tenure, but how vaft the_/f« .' Pope.

4. [From/»//, Latin; yia, enfin, French.]
The end ; conclufion. It is Teldom ufed
but adverbially, /«y?«. To conclude; to
fum up all ; to tell all at once

In fine, whatfoever he was, he was nothing but
what it pleafed Zelmane, the powen of his fpirit
depending of her. Sidniy.

Hij relolution, in fine, is, that in the church a
number •f things arc ftnaiy obferved, whereof no
law of fcripture makcth mention one way or other.

F I N

Ts Five. T. ». To pay a fine.

Wha- poet c\crfin'd tor ihcriff? or who
By rhymes or verle did ever lord mayor grow ?

OUbam.

■To Fi N E D R A w. "u, /7. \_Jtne and draiv. ] To

fow up a rent with fo much nicety that it

is not perceived.

Fineura'wer. »./. [^[romf/ieifraiv.] One

whofe bufinefs is to fow up rents.
Finefi'ngered ndj. SJiue and finger, '\
Nice; artful; exquifue.

The mn&finefinger'd workman on the ground,
Arachne by his means was vancjuilhed. Spenfer,
Yi'ne.i.\.aJ-v. [homfitie.]

Hooker,
Shak.

Still the fine'a the crown ;
Whate'cr the courfe, the end is the renown.

Your danghter, ere (he fecms a; won,
DeGres this ring ; appoints him an encounter;
In fine, delivers me to fill the time,
Herfelf moft chaftely abfent, Shahjp.

The bleflings of fortune are the loweft: the next
are the bodily advantages of ftrengih and health;
but the fuperlative bleflings, in fine., are thofe of
the mind, L'EJlrange.

In fine, he wears no limbs about him found.
With fores and fickneffes beleaguer'd round. Dryden.

In fine, let there be a perfeft relation bctwiit
the parts and the whole, that they may he entirely
of a piece. Drydm.

Vfl p I NB. T. a. [from/w, the adjeftive.]
1. To refine; to purify.

The fining pot it lor filvet, and the furnace for

There is a vein for the filvcr, and a place for gold,
where iht^ fine it. Job, xxviii. i.

a. To embellifti ; to decorate. Now not
in ufe.

Hugh Capet, alfo, who ufurp'd the crown.
To //If hij title with fome (hews of tr»!h,
Convey'd hinifelf ai h^ir to th' Udy Lingare. Sbak.

3. To make Icfs coarfe.

It/«Mlhegraf«, but makes it fliort, though thick,

Moriim.

4. To make tranfparent.-

It is g<,od alf , (or fuel, not to omit the (having,
" r i- ''^^\''"'"S °f wine- M^nimer-i Hujtamhy

5. [hroiTithefubllantive.] To'punilh with
pecuniary penalty.

To/,,, men one third of their fortune, without
anjr crime commitud, feemt very hard. Locke.

Beautifully ; elegantly ; more than juftly.

Plutarch fays itry finely, that a man limuld not
allow himfelf to hate even his enemies j becaufe if
you indulge tliis palTion ori fome occafions, it will
rife of iifelf in others. Addif(,n,

The walls are painted, and reprefent the labours
of Hercules : many of them look vtrj finely, though
a great part of the work as been cracked. AdAifon.

. Keenly ; (harply ; with a thin edge or
point.

Get you black lead (harpen'd finely. Peacbam.

3. Notcoarfely; not meanly ; gaily.
He was alone, favc that he had two peifons of

honour, on either hand one, finely attired in white
aucan't Nev> /itlantis.

4. In fmall parts ; fubtilly ; not grofsly.
Saltpetre was but grofsly beaten; for it Ihould

not be finely powdered. Boyle,

5. [Ironically.] Wretchedly; in fucfi a
manner as to defervecontemptnous notice.

Let laws be made to obey, and not to be obeyed,
and you will find that kingdom finely goveined in
a Ihort time. Souih.

For him (he loves :
She nam'd jiot rae ; that may be Torrifmond,
Whom (he has thrice in private feen this day :
Then I -tm finely caught in my own fnare. Dryden.
Fi'.N-ENESs. n./. [from/«.]
I. Elegance; beauty; delicacy.

Every thing was full of a c\io\Qtfinenef,, that,
if it waited any thing in majefty, it fupplicd with
increafe in pleafure ; and if at the firft it (Iruck not
admiration, it ravilhed with delight. Hidney.

As the French language has more finene/t and
fmoothiiefs at this time, fo it had more compafs, fpi-
rit and force in Montaigne's days. Temple.
The foftnefs of her fei, and the finenefs of her
genius, confpire to give her a very diltinguiftiinK
charafter. p^;J

z. Show; fplendour; gaiety of appearance.

The finenej; of cloaths deftroys the eafe : it

often helps men to pain, but can never rid them of

any : the body may langilh under the moft fplendid

<»'"- . . Decay of Piety.

3. Subtility; artfulnefs; ingenuity,

Thofe with iht finenefs o( their fouls,
By reafon guide his execution. Shakefp.

4. Purity; freedom from drofs or bafe mix-
tures.

Our works are, indeed, nought clfe
But the protraftive tryals of great Jove,
To (ind perfilUve conflancy in men;
Th^ finenefs of which metal is not found
In fortune's love. Xbakfp. Troilu, and Crefflda

1 am doubtful whether men have fufficienily tz-
fined metals ; as whether iron, brafs, and tin be
refined to the height: but when they ctmie to fuch
ifinenrf, u ferveth the ordinary ufe, they try no
'"••jf'- B„con;NaturMHifi,ry

I he ancients were careful to coin their money in
due weight mifinemfs, only in times of exigence
they have dimimlhed both the weight indfincntfs,
Arhnthnot 'jtt Coins.

Fi'nery »./. [from /«<-.] Show ; fplen-
dour of appearance ; gaity of colours.

Drtls up your houfes and your images.
And put on all the utfifinery.
To confecraie this day a Icrtival. Southern.

The t^pacitiM of i lady arc fometimei ap t to fall

F r N

(Jiort in cultivating cleanlineft and finery fofe-

T^ , . r S^vii'f.

Lion tchufc your place of (ludy by tht finery of
the profpeds, or the moll various (ixnes o( fci;;fible

They want to grow rich in their trades, and to
maintain their families in fome fu>:h figure and
degree of>„_y, as a reafbnable ChrilHan life has
nooccalum lor. /

FINESSE. „./. [French.] Artifice; TZ
tagem : an unnecefTary word which is
creeping into the language.

A circumltance not much to be ftood upon, in
cale It were not upon \om^ Jhrjfe. Huyu'urd.

!• I NER. » / [irom/w.] One who purifies
metals.
Take away the drofs from the (ilver, ard Vhcre

FINGLR. „ j; [pngen, caxon; from

Jaagen, to hold.]
I. TJie flexible member of the hand by
which men catch and hold.

The /«5en and thumb in each hand con(ift of
fifteen bones, there being three toeach>»-,;..0„;«t.y.

Youfeem to uiiderlhnd me, ■' ^ ~-^ J

By each at once her choppv/»g«- hying • ^
Upon her (kinny lips. ' ShSkJpeare's Mad,

Oicgenes, who is never faid,
For aught that ever 1 could read.
To whine, put>^„- i' ,h' eye, and fob,
Becaufe h had ne'er another tub. Hudiira,.

The hand is divided into four fingers bending
lorward, and one oppofite to them bending back-
wards, and of greater llrength than any of them
fingly, which we call the thumb, to jom with
hem feverally or united ; whereby it is fitted t.
lay hold of objcdls of any (izc or qiLintity. Ray.

A hand of a vail extenfion, and a prodigious
number of fingers playing upon all the organ pipe.
of the world, and making every one found a par-
ticular note. Keilagainft BuLet,
,.lT /^ "b "P""' *"'' knit for a livelihood,
till Yxx finger ends were fore. Ariuthnofsjjhn Bitll.

z. A fm.ill meafure of extenfion ; the breadth
of a finger.

Go now, go truft the wind's uncertain breath
Remov'd four fi'ngers from approaching death ;
Or feven at moll, when thickeft is the board Dryd
One of thefe bows with 3 littW arrow did pierce
through a piece of Heel three>^«-i thick. llViins.

3. rhehand; themflruinent of work; ma-
nufafture; art.

Fool, that torgets hei Oubborn look.
This foltnefs from Ihy finger took. ffaller

To ti NGER. ^^ a. [from the noun.]

1. To touch lightly ; to toy with.

Go, get you gone, and let the papers lie •
You would b?fi«gcri„g them to anger me. ihaierp.

One th.it IS covetous is not fo highly pleafed wTh
the meer fight inAfi„ger!,rg of money, as with ih»
thoughts ol his being conlidered as a wealthy man.
, _ ^ , - . , . Crew's Co/mol. Sac.

2. I o touch unfeafonably or thievilhly
His ambition would needs b, fingering the fceptre,

and hoillmg him into his lather's throne. i,ou:h

3. To touch an inftruinent of mufick.

She hath broke the lute ;-
I did but tell her Ihe miflook her frets,
A^iid bow'd her iiai.d to ItatU hcrfingering. Sink,

4. fo perform any work exquifitcly with
the fingers.

Not any fkili'd in loop, o! fingering fine.
With this fo curious neuwork mijht compare.

FiNCER-PERN. »./. [finger mAfirn;ciJf]e.
tium, Latin.] A plant.

FlNGER-STONE. n.f. {fixger T^ni. fio„e ; UL^.-
mles. Latin.] A Foilil refc-mbfinij an aV-'
row. "

Fl':«Gt.EFANGLF.. ». / {^lomfaugU,] A
trifle: a hurleftjue wonl.

We agiee in nothing but r> wrangle.
About the &\i\m\^ fingt,fa-,glc. HndihrnK

5^2 Fi'NtcAi.,

F I N

Fi'wiCAt. adj. [from/i/<'.] Nice; foppifli;
pretending to Aiperfluous elega«c«.

A whorelon, gUllglJiing, fuperferviccablei/i/Va/
jogue. Sbakrjf. K. Liar.

I cannot hear ^finical fop romancing, how the
kingtook himafideat fuch a time; what the ijueen
faid to him at another. VEJlrangr.

Fi'nically. adv. [from Jinical.'\ fcp-

FrNiCALNESS. »./. [from//iif<j/.] Super-
fluous nicety; foppery.

To Fl'NiSH. T. a. {finh, French; /"'W
Latin.]

1. To bring to the end purpofcd; to com-
plete.

For which of you, intending to build » tovirr,
iitteth not down finl and counteth the coft, whether
he have fufficirnt lafnijhi: } Lukt, »iv. 28.

As he had begun, fo he would alfo j!r'«//2 in you
the fame grace. a Car. viii. 6.

a. To make perfeft.

A poet ufcs epifodes; but epKbdfs, falccn fepa-
rately, /"'j* nothing. Brocmr <m tit Odygiy.

3. To petfeft ; to polilh to the excelkiicy
intended.

Though here you all pcrfefticn (hould not find,
•Vet it it all th' Eternal Will defigB'd ;
It is tfimjh'd work, and perfcS in its kind.

Blackmcre.

I would make what bears yotir name as jimjhed
ti roy laft work ought to be; that is, manfinijbed
tlian the feO. i'of.

4. To end ;. to put an end to.
Fi^NiSHER. »./. [from/»i/^.]
I. Performer; accomplifher.

He that of greateft works 'isfnijher.
Oft does them by the weakell miailtcr. Shakeff,

a. One that puts an end; ender.

This was the condition of ihofc times; the world
againit Aihanaiius, and Athanafius againd it : half
an hundred of years fpcnt in doubtful trials which
of the two, in the end, would prevail; tl-.c tide
which had all, or elfe that part which had no friend
but (j'od and deatit, the one a defender of his inno-
cencv, the other a^f/Acr of all his troubles. Hmicr.

3. One that completes or perfetls.

The author mifriijl-'rr of our faith. Htlirnvi.
O prophet of glad tidings I finijhct
Ot uimolthopef MUldn'i Parad'ifr h"Jl.

Fl'NlTE. adj. [finitus, Latin.] Limited ;
bounded; terminated.

Servius conceives no more thereby than a fxitr
sumber lor iNdetinite. Bri/ztm'sVulgfir Krrouii.

Finite of any magnitude holds not any proportion
to infinite. Loikt..

Th*it fuppofed infinite duration will, by the very
fippofition, be Hmiled ai tvvo eitremes, though ne-
,vrr I'o i«noie afundcr, and confequeotly mxl^ needs
btfnilf. Benlly.

TiNiTFLiss. fidj. {from fxiitf.'] Without
bounds ; un»imiie<l.

l^'/i« ridiculeus liOio rcafon, and_#)nV<-i/» as thttr
if.jrf,. B'i'tva'i yuigtii F.'>i,uri.

Fi'Nnr.LT adv^ \ixom Jinitt.'] Within
certain limitR ; to a. certain- degree.

Thiry *f<*crcauirfs frill, and that icistbem at an
iufinite dilkuice tioni tioj ; whereas all their excel-
bneici t*n wake the«but_/f»iV«/c ditlant from i^s.

Sti/i/igjirrt.

Jft'sMTEKESs. ». /. [fTom/nitf.] Limita-
tion ; c»nfir.emesir wiihia certain bouada-

fie:.

1 ouglil now to unbay the rurrtnt of my pnlTion,
and Icvc without other boundary than what is ftt
ty iht f.niic"'/' "f my natural powers. Ncrrii.

t'l'ieiT v l>r. n, /. [frtim _fim/e.] Limitn-
tjon;. confinement within certain b«unda-
lies.. This is hardiv an authorifcd word.

iiV»;Vi(A,' applied to naijra' or created thing!,,
imports ih^ proportions .>f tlir fevcral dejitee<^ of af.
iciiious, or jio^wues of thcfe thing* lu one ano-

F I R

thtr; infinitude, the unboundednefs of lhtScitf;ntt
of aiSeciians, or properties. Chrynt.

Fj'nless. adj. [from/«.] Wanting fins.

He angers me
With telling ol the moldwarp and the ant.
And of a dragon and tfnUft filli. Hhak. Henry IV.

Fi'ni.ike. rt(/^'. [///and ///■?.] Formed in
imitation of fins.

In flijpping fuch as tr\i3, the Irilh kem
And untaught Indian, on the lUeam did glide ;
Ere Iharp-keel'd boats to ftem the flood did learn,
Or/Vr/Ziir oars did fpread from either fide. Dryden.
Pi'nned. adj. [from//?.] Having broad
edges fpread out on eiflier fide
They plough up the turf » ith a htoii finned plough.

Mortimer.

Fi'nnv. adj. [from/>/.] Furnifhed with
fins ; formed for the element of water.

High o'er the main in wat'ry pomp he rides.
His azure car and^wff^ courfers guides ;
Proteus his name. Drydtn's Virgil.

New herdi of beafls he fends the plaints to ftiare ;
New colonics of birds to people uir;
And to their o«y beds the//.<ty ti(h repair. Dryden.

While black with ftorms the" rutHed ocean rolls.
And from the liflier's art defends het/nxy (hoals.

Biuckmore,

With hairy fpringes we the birds betray ;
Slightlincsof hair furprize thc_^//^prey. Pope.

Fi'ttroto. adj. [_fi/iindtoe.] Palmipedous ;
having a membrane between the toes.

Such creatures as are whole footed, or fintoed, viz.
fome birds or quadrupej;, are naturally direfted to
go into the water and fwim there. Kay on the Cree.

Fi'nochio. n.J. A fpecics of fennel. A
plant.

FiPPLE. n. /. [from fibula, Latin.] A
ftopper.

You mud know, that in recorders, which go with
a gentle breath, the concave of the pipe, were it not
for ihefpfle that (ttaineth the air, much more than
the finiple concave, would yield no found. Baan.

Fir, »./. [^rrWeHh; cun)), Saxon ;j^r,
Danifh.] The tree of which deal-boards
are made.

It is ever green : the leaves are lingle, and for the
moft part produced on every lije of the branches:
the male flower?, or catkins, are placed at remote
diflances from the fruit on the fame tree. The feeds
are propagated on cones, which arefquamofe.iV////cr.

He covered the floor of the houle with planks of
Jir. I Xingt.

The fpiringjfr and llaiely boj. Fofe.

FIRE. »./, pyp, Saxon ; fnar, German.]

1, The igtieous element.

The force o^ fire afccnded firl> on high,
Atid look its dwelling in the vaulted Iky ;
Then airfucceeds, in lightne& next to fire. Dryden.

2. Any thing burning.

A little ,f re* is quickly trodden cut^
lM>ich, being luHired, rivers cannot quench. Shak.

Where two raging /kx meet together.
They do confumc the thing that feeds their fury.

^hakejpejr-e.

So ronlraries on .^Etna's lop eonijiire ;
Here hoary frofts, and by litem breaks aMfire.Cc^'Uy.
}. A conflagration of towns or countries,

There is another libciality to the citizens, who h.id
fuffeced damage by a ^vcAifire. Ar-huthnot on Coim.

Though fafe thouthink'll thy treafure lies,
Conceal'd in cheits from human eyes,
Afirr may come, and ^t may be
Bury'd, ray friend, a> far l»m thee. Gramille..

4.. Flajne; lig&t; luftre.

Stars hid.e yourfiret!
Let noc-niglitfee my black and deep defire*. Siaki/i.

5. Tt»r:ure by burning.

Bid Shadrach'szeal my glowing breaft infpire>
To-weary lopturcs, and rejoice xnfire^ Frier.

6. The punifhrnc-nt of tile damned.

Who among us ihail dwell with the devourmg
fires' Who aniwig us Ihali J»t:ll with cverlalting
buiniu(i?; //ii. xiiiii.

FIR

7. Any thing provoking ; any thing th»t
inflames the paflions.

What_/rrf is inmyears f Can this be true ?
Stand 1 condemn 'd for pride and fcom fo much ?

Sbakeffeare.

8. Ardour of temper; violence of paflion.

He had fire in hu temper, and a German blunt-
nefs; and, upon provocations, might ftrain a phrafe.

Allerbury.

9. Livelinefs of imagination; vigour of
fancy; intelleftual aiftivity; force of ex-
preffion; fpirit of fentiment.

Nor can the fnow that age does (lied
Upon thy rev'rcnd head.
Quench or allay the noble_/frf within,
But all that youth can be thou art. Cov.1ey.

They have no notion of life 3nifire in fancy and
in words, and any thing that is Jult in grammar and
in mcafure is good oratory and poetry to them./>/fwr.

He brings, Co make us from our ground retire.
The reafonci 's weapons and the fOet'ifire.Blackmtrr.

Exadt Racine, and Comeillc's noble ^rr.
Taught us that Fran cehadfomclhingtoadmiie./'o^e.

The bold Longinus all the nine infpire.
And warm the cilick with a poet's_^rf. Pofe.

Oh may Ibme fpark of your celeftial^^rr.
The laft, the meaneft of your fons infpire, Pofe.

10. The paflion of love.

Love various hearts does varioufly infjpite>
It ftirs in gentle bofoms gentle_^re.
Like that of incenfe on the altar laid;
But raging flames tempeftuous fouls invade ;
Afire which every windy palTion blows.
With pride it mounts, and with revenge itglowi.

DrjdtM.

The fire of love in youthful blood,
Like what is kindled in brulh-woud,
But for a moment burns. SbadutU.

The god of love retires ;
Dim are his torches, and extin£t his_^rM. Pope,

New charms (hall t^ill iucreafe dciire.
And time's fwift wingthall fan the^r*. Moore** Fab*

11. Eruption or impofthumation: as, St.
Anthony's^/f;-.-.

12. fojet Fire ox, or fit on Fire. To ,
kindle ; to inflame.

Hermofilla coun-^eoufly fet upon the horfemen,
zni Jit fire alfo xpon the ftables where the Turks
hortes Itood. KntUet,.

He thaty^r a ^te ea a plane-trtc to fpile his
neighbour, and the plane tntfirtfire on his i«igh-
bour's houfe, is bound to pay all the lofs, becaufe
it did all arife from his own ill intention. layUr,

13. To yi/ a Fire. To inflame.

So iuflam'd by my dcfirc.

It miyftt her heart a-fire. Carfx,

Firearms, h. /. [fire and arau.l Arms

which owe their effic.icy to fire; guhs.

Ammunition to fupply tlicit iKwfireartns. Clarend.

Belore the ufc of firearms there was vnftnitly more

fcope for petfonal valour than in the modern battles.

Pope.
Fi-'reball »../. [y&y and Wi] Grenadoj
ball fillfd with combuflibles, andburfliflg
where it is thrown.

ludge of ihofc infolent boafts of confcieace, Avhich,
like fomany^rr^.ij!/f, or mouth granadoc«, are thrown
at our church. S(.t4th.

The fame great man hath fworo to make us fual-
lew his coin mfirebalis. S^^ift.

Fi'rebru.sh. ti. /. [firf xn<Mrrffi>.] The
brufh which hangs by the fire to fweep the
hearth.

When you arc onlered to ftir up the fire, clean
away the alhes from betwixt the bars with the fir*-
i» ujh. Siuift..

Fi'redrake. 7i.fi [fire and draie.] A
fiery ferpent: I fuppofe the prefter.

By the hilhiig of the fnake.
The rullling of thtfireJraktf
I charge thee thou ijiis phice forfukr,.
Nor of queen Mab be pratling. Oraytoit^s i^ymplid.
Fi'renkw. adj. [fire and nc^M.\ New from
llic forge; new fioiB. the melting-houfc.

Arroado

-F I R

Armaio it i moft iUuftrious weighl
A awn oifrtnru/ words, fafhion's own knight. Sbai.

Some eicellent jeftj,yJi«m/ from ihe mint. Sbak.

Upon the wedding-day I ^ ut myfelf, according to

cuftom, in another fuit^^rcKv, with filver buttons

t« it. Addifon.

Fi'rhpan. n. f. [fire and/aa.] Veffel of

metal to carr)' fire.

Hh^rrfam, and jll the veffels thereof, thou Ihali
mskeof brafs. Ex. xxvii. 3.

Pour of it upon i Jirrfan well heated, as ihey do
rofe-water and vinegar. Bacorr'i Natural H!Jlary.
Fl'jiER. tt.f. [from_/frir.] An incendiary.

Others burned Mouflel, and the reft marched as
aguardfordefenceof the(ejtfrf>». Carctv.

Fi'reside. n. /. [Jin and /<*■.] The
hearth ; the chimney.

My judgment is, tliat they ought all to bedefpifed,
and ought to fcrve but for Winter talk by titcjirt-
J!<i'' Bacon.

Lore no more is made
By f^firtfiit, but in the cooler Ihade. Carmi.

By \\\ifrrfijt he ftarts the hare,
And turns her in bis wicker chair. Prior.

What art thou aflting of them, after all ? Only
to fit quietly at thy ovin firtfidt. Ariuihm.

Fi'restick. »./. [firf Mijlick.] A lighted
ftick or brand.

Children when they play with firtJUcU, move
• nd whirle them round fo laft, that the motion wil!
co»en their eyes, and reptefent an intire circle of fire
to them. DigtyutBtdUi.

Fi'rework, tt. /. [fire and 'work.] Shows
of fire; pyrotechnical performances.

The king would have me prefent the princefi with
fome delightful oilcoution, or pageant, or antick, or
frrwork. Sbatc/ftait.

We reprefent alfo ordance, and new mixtures
of gunpowder, wildfires burning in water, aiid un-
quenchable ; and alli>_^rfii.«rir of all variety. Bamn.

The ancients were imperfe^ in the dodJrine of
meteora, by iheir ignorance of gunpowder and yfrr.
■workt. Binun.

lajlrrworh give him leave to rent hisfjiite (
Thole are the only ferpenD he can write. DrjJtn.

Our companion propofed a I'ubjeil for ijimverk-,
which he thought would be very amufing. AJiUfitt.

TheirJirruK/tti are made iJp in piper. Ta:ier.
yi Fi»E. 'V. a. [from the noun.]

1. To fet on fire ; to kindle.

They ipoiled many pans of the city, lod JlreJ the
houfea of ihofe whom they eftecmcd not to be their
friends; but the rage of the fire was at firft hin-
dered, and then appeafed by the fall of a fudden
fliower of rain. Hay-war J.

The breaihlefs body, thus bewail'd, they lay.
And fire the aUt. Oryien.

A fecond Paris, i\g'm% but in name,
Shail/'.e bis country with a fecend flame. Drydrn.

2. To infl.irae the paffions ; to animate.

Vet, if defireof fame, and thiri* of pow'r,
A beauteous priucel's with a crown in dow'r,
So/« your miod, io utoi alfcu your right. Dryd.

3. To drive by fire.

He ibat parts us, fliajl bring a brand from heiv'n
Saifirt us htnte. Siakif^arr't Khi^ Lear.

1. To take fire; to be kindled.

2. To he inflamed with paffion.

3. To difcharge any firearms.
The fainting Dutch remotelyjfrf.

And the fun'd Eugeoe's iron I'roop* retire. Smil/j
Firebra'nd. »./. [fire and hraitJ.]

1. A piece of wood kindled.

1 have eafed my fitherJin-law of xjlrtiranj, Io
fcf my own houfc in a flame. L'f.Jlrange.

2. An inccridiary; one who inflames fac-
tions ; one whocaufcs mifchicf.

Troy mutt net be, mt goodly llioa ttaad ;
O ijirrhrand brother, Pans, bums us all. Slakrfp.
,v ill."' ^"."■'■'- *"J' » .crvmpftcnl p„«rr .,(;r,inli
h« rebels, who fo,i:ht with the pr.ncipl band of
tf..m, and defeaierl thcm^ ind took alive T„hn
Ckamber, xXitiTfiniianJ, Bacut.

F I R

Fi'ricrosj. n. /. [firv and crofi.] A token
in Scotland for the nation to take arms :
the ends thereof burnt black, and in fome
parts fmeared with blood. It is carried
from one place to another. Upon refufa!
to fend it forward, or to rife, the laft
perfon who has it (hoots the other dead.

He fent his heralds through all parts of the realm,

and trommanded the jirecrcfi to be carried ; n.imely,

two firebrands fet in falTiionof a crofs, and pitched

upon the point of a fpear. Hayaard.

Fi'r BLOCK. ». /. [fire ani Icck.l A fol-

die/s ^un ; a gun difcharged by ftriking

fteel with flint.

Prime all yom/re/ocks, faften well the (lake. Gay.

Fi'reman. ff.y; [fire and man.]

1, One who is employed to extinguifli burn-
ing houfes.

Tbcfimnan fweats beneath his crooked arms j
A leathern caf^ue his vent'rous head defends,
Boldly he climbs were thickeft fmoke afcends.

Gay.

2, A man of violent paflions.

I had laft night the fate to drink a bottle with

two of thefeyS'iiwm. Taller.

Fi'repan. »./. [fire inA fan.]
I. A pan for holding fire.
7. [In a gun.] The receptacle for the

priming powder.
Fi'reship.//./. [firemifi>if.] A fhipfilled

with combuftible matter to firt the vcflels

of the enemy.

Our men br.tvely quitted thei."lfelves of thtJlrrJUf,,
by cutting the fpriiUil tackle. ffyiman.

Fi'reshovbl, »./. [fireani/horel.] The
inflrument with which the hot coals are
thrown-«p in kitchens.

Culinary utenfils and irons often feel the force of
fire; as vmp,jirrjhavilt, prongs, and irons. Br^-ain.

The neighbours are coming out with forks and
firejhaveh, and fpits, and other domeftick weapons.
Dryden' t Spamjh Ftyar,
Fi'restoNE. n.f. [fire TtnAfitme.]

The frr/ione, or pyrites, is a compound melallick
foffil, compofed of vitriol, fulphur, and an unme-
tallick earth ,^uc in very different proportions to the
feveral m iflc*. The molt common fort, which is
ufed in medicine, is agrecnilh (hapelefs kind found
in our cl.iy-pits, out of which the greeo vitiiolor
copperas is procured. It has its name of pyriies, or
firtJioKt, from its giving fire on being ftruck againft
a Iteel much more freely than a flint will do ; and
all ihc fparks burn a longer time, and grow larger
as they fall, the ioHammable matter Ihuck from off
the ftonc burning itfcif out before the fpark becomes
ejtinguilhed. HUfi Math. M,d

Hrrjlonc, if broke fmall, and laid on cold landt,
mull beufadvaiiuge. Mortimer's Hiefiandrv,

Fi'rewood. »./. [/rf and vuodJ.] Wood to

burn ; fewel.
Fi'ring. H.J. [ftomfire.] Fewel.

They burn the cjkcs, Jirirg being there fcarce.
^ _, Morliwer.

To 1" IRK. rv. a. [from ferh, Latin.] To
whip ; to beat ; to correift ; to chaltife.

Befides, it is not only foppilTi,
But rile, idolatrous and popiOi,
For one man out of his own (kin
ToJ!rk 4nd whip another's fin. HnJiirai.

Firkin. ». /. [from peoSen, Saxon, the

fourth part of a vcffcl.]
t. A veffel containing nine gallons.

Struit's fervanls gel fud) a haunt about thjt (hop,
that it will coft us many a frki/i of (troiig beer 10
bring iliem beck again. Arbuthnoi.

2. A fmsll veffel.

You heard of that wonder of the lightning and
ihuiidcr.
Which made ihe lye fo much ihe louder ;
Now liil Io another, that miiacle's brother.
Which was done wiih ifrki/i of po-.vder. D.-nham.

F I R

FIRM. tuij. [fir/nut.], Latin.]

1 . Strong ; not eafily pierced or fliaken j
hard, oppofed to/oft.

The flakes of his flelh are joined together : they
zrtJSrm in themfclves and they cannot be moved.

Joi. xli. 2}.

Love's artillery then checks
The breaftworks of l\vtjirmrji feit. ClcrveUitd.

There is nothing to be le(t void in a Jirm build,
ing ; even thecavitiesought to be filled with rubbili.

Dryden.

That body, whofe parts are moft firm in them-
felvcs, and are by their peculiar fhapes capable of
the greatcft contafts, is the moft Jirm ; and that
which has parts very fmall, and capable of the leafV
contafl, will be moft loft. Woodiuard.

2. Conftant ; fteady ; refolute ; fixed ; un-
fliaken.

\ye hold firm to the works of God, and to the
fcnfe which 13 God's lamp. Bucan'i Nalmal HiJi.
He ftraight obeys j
And firm believes. Mlhcn's Paradtfe Lrjt.

The great encouragement is the alTurance of a fu-
ture reward, the ^jwpeifuafion whereof is enough
to raife us above any thing in ihis wurld. IlllaiJnK.

The man that's refolute and juft,
F\rm to his principles and ttuft.
Nor hones nor fears can blind. Waljh,

3. Solid; nor giving way ; not fluid.

God caufed the wind to blow to dry up tho

abundant (lime and mud of the earth, and make

the Lind morefirm. Ratcigb.

The muddy and limous matter brought down by

the N:lus, fettled by degrees into ijifrinland.

Brorvn*t Vulgar Errour:,
It on firm land
Thaws not, but rather heap and ruin feems
Of ancient pile : all elfe deep fnow and ice. M.-lmir.

Sinking waters, the^^rm land to drain,
Fiird the capacious deep, and t'orm'd th» main.

Rcjcifffpfron.

To Firm. -v. a, [firmo, Latin,]

1 . To fettle; to confirm ; to ellablifn ; to fix.

Of the death of the emperor they advertifed So-
lyman, ^rmV^ thofe letters with all their lijn4s and
«*'s-, KnolUi.

'Tisralify'd above by every god.
And Jove hitfina'd it with aiv awful nod. Drydc/r.

The pow'rs, laid he.
To you, and yours and mine, propitious be^
AaJ firm our purpofe with their augury. Dryden,

0 thou, who freeit me from my doubtful (Utc,
I.ong loft and wilder'd in the maze of fate !

Be prefent (till ; oh godoefs, iu our aid

Proceed, and_/frm thofe omens thou haft made! Pope.

2. To fix without wandering..

He on his card and compafsjfim/ his eye.
The mjfters of his long cxpciinicnt. J'ajty 0t'eetT

FJRMA'MENT. «./. [firm.me„ium. Ut.j
The fl;y ; the heavens.

Even to the heavens their (houtinf^ (HriU
Doth reach, and all iht firmament rf'jih fill. Spenfer.

1 am conftant as the northern ftji,

Ol whofe true, fixf, and refting <ju.itity,

There is no fellow in \.hcfirm.,mrnl. Shaktffii

The Almigliiy, whufe liicioj;lyphical characters
are the unnumbered liars, fun and moon, written
on thefe large volumes of ihcfirmament. Raltig/j.

Thc_/»w««f/// exparilc ofliijuitl, pure,
Tranfpareni, elemental air, diHus'd
In circuit to the uttcrmoft convex
Of this great round. Miti-m't Paradlfe LJl:

The ftceils climb up the firft^il'cent with pain;
And when the xniiWiifirmarneni tlicy gain,
I f downward from Ike heavens my head Ibow,
And fee ihe carlh and ocean hang below,
Ev-li I am feii'd with horror. Add^ fan's Ovid,

Wliat an immenfurable fpar^ is lUc firmameru,
wherein a great number of.lUrs are fecii wiili our
naked eye, and many more dif>;'jveri.d wiih our
fil'ffcs ! Dfrbam'l Ajho. Theology.

Firmame'ntai.. adj. [from firmiimeitt \
Celellial ; of the upper rci^ions.

An hollow cryftal pyramiJ lie takes,
I n firmamcnlal waters dipt above. Drydm.

Fi'rmlv. ad^j. [ixoxajirm.]

1. Strongly;

F I R

1, Strongly; impenetrably ; immoveably.

Thou Ihalt come of fei cc,

Thou{,h thou .utyfr wZ/VrfaftciiM ihjB a roclt. Mill.

How'Vcry.hard panicles, which touch only in »

■few potiiu, can ttick together ia firmly, without

lomcthing wh'ch caufcs them to be attracted towards

oi-.e another, i; dilTicult to conceive, NtyHon.

2. Steadily; conitantly.

Hirofelf to be the man the fates require ;

I_^r»i/ji judge, and what I judge define. Dryden,

The common people of Lucca ixt firmly per-

fuadcd, tlMt one jLucqurfceaD beat five Florentines.

Addifon on. Italy ■

Fi'r M N E ss. n. f. [from firm. ]

1. Hardnefsi compaftnefs ; foliditr.

It would become by degrees of greiter confiftency
anifirmnfft, fo as to referable an habitable earth.

Bmtici.

2. Durability ; liability.

Both the eafinefs and /rm«/> of union might be
conjeftured, for that both people are »f'tlie fame
-language. Ihyward.

3. Certainty ; foundnefs. ^

In perfons already poffefled with notions of reli-
gion, the underftanding cannot be brought to change
them, but by great examination of the truth and
firmntfs of the one, and the flaws and weakncfs of
theotlier. South'! Sermons.

4. Stcadinefe ; conftancy ; refolation.

That thoulhould'ftmy^'WC/' do"'"
To God, or ihec, bcc.iufe we have a foe
May tempt us, 1 expeaed not to bear. Miltm.

N,ir can th' Egypiijn patriarch bUm^ my mufc.
Which for his7f;m«<// does his heat excufe. Rifirom.

This armed Job v/hhfiimiu/' and fortitude.

Alter bury.

FIRST, adj. [ppp:, Saxon.]

1 . The ordinal of one : that which is in

order before any other.

Thy air,
Thou other gold-bound brow, is like the^^^*.
—A third is like the former. Shakefpeare'sM.icli.
Jn the fix hundred and fir/l year, in the /'/
month, thefirfi day of the month, the waters were
dried up from off the earth. Cm.

.2. Earlieil in time : oppofed to laft.

The fi'rfi covenant had alfo ordinances of divine

fervice. •^'^- '*• ' •

Man's firfi difobcdience. Mi/ton.

Who/-/?, who laft
P.ous'd trom the (lumber. Miltm.

.Arms and the man 1 fing, thr;^*,* who bote
His courfe to Latium from the Trojan Ihote. DryJ.

1 find, quoth Mat, reproof isvain!
'Vlhofirfi ofTend, vtiWfiiS complain.

3. Higheft in dignity.
Tliree prefidents, of whom Daniel wssfirfi. Daniel.
Firft with the dogs, and king among the fquires.

S^tehatoi .
•Tis little Will, the fcourge of France,
No godhead, but ihe/iyK of men. Prior.

jL. Great ; excellent.
M-jfi'fi fon.
Where will you goi Take good Cominius
With thee. Shake/feare'sCoviolanus.

First, adv.

1. Before any thing elfe ; earlieft.

He, not unmindful of his ufual art,
.Firfi in diffembled fire attempts to part^
Tlien roaring beafts and tunning (beams he tries.

Dtyden.

Thy praife, and thine was then the publick voice,

Firfi recommended Guilcard to my choice. Dryd.

Hcav'n, fure, has kept thi« fpot of e<rth uncurft.

To (hew how all things ivcrc cicuci firfi. Prior.

jz. Before any other confuleration.

Fi'fi, metals are more durable than plants ; fe-
Condly, they are more foHd and hard , thirdly, they
are whollv fubterraneous ; whereas plants are part
above eaiih, and part under the earth. Bacon.

3. It has often ai before it, and means at
the beginning.

Ai firft the filent venom (lid with eafe,
And leii'd her cooler fenfcs by degrees. Dryd. .£n.

Prior.

F I S

]S«.-»ptin» fill) »nd,ioft««, »lier« «rf «ry ft*
or no cri-atur;S that cafl provide for (hemfelves at
fiifi, witliout fhe ^fljllancc of parents. Henily.

^. ¥iKh.\ oHiiJi. Atonettine or Other.

But'fuPe a general doom on man is paft, ' '
And all aie fools and U^ers/j// cr /a/. . Drydett.

Fi»sT-BiGoT. "!»./• [from /t,'i and
First-begotten. J lcg<'t.'\ The eldcft

of children.
K\ifirfl-beg<il, we know j ^b4 fore have felt.

When his fierce thunder drove us to the deep : Milt.
Fi«sT.BoRN. », /. \/if:JimA fo*%.]- Eldeft.;

the firil by tlie order of nativrry.

Lart, W«h one midAightftroki, all l\itfirft.btrn
Of Egypt miift He dead. Millan's ParadtfeUJi.
ilall, holy light, «rspring.onieav'n>'/-iow/

Millcn.

Ihtfirfi.hm has not a fole or peculiar right, by

any law ot Cod and Nature ( the younger children

having an equal tiilc with him. Locir on Education.

FUST-lRUITS.w./, [jirji TinA friiiti.'\

1 . What the feafon earlieft produceSj^or ma-
tures of any kind.

A I weaty reaper from his tiling^ bfoughf . / . .-
FirJI-fruiu, the green ear, ind the yellow rtieaf.

- Milton.

The blooming hopes of my then very young pa-
tron have been contirmed by moll noble fiifi-fruits,
and his life is going on towards a plentilul haryelt
of all accumulated virtues. Prior.

2. The^profits of any thing which are foon-
eft rained.

Although the king loved to employ and advance
bilhops, becaufc, having rich bilhopricks, they car-
ried iheir reward i^pon ihemfelves ; yet he did ufe
to raife them by Iteps, that he might not lofe Uie
profit of the fir/l-fruits, which by that courfe of
gradation was multiplied. Hacon's Henry VII.

3. The eariieft effeft of any thing.

See, Falher, what7fi7?-/iJr//j on earth are fprung.
From thy implanted grace in man! Milton.

Fi'rstli NO. adj. [from/ijl.] That which
is firft produced or brought forth.

All ihejirfiling males that come of thy herd, and
of thy flock, thou Ihilt fanftify unto the Lord thy
God. Deut.

Fi'rstling. »./. [from /f/?. J

1. The firft produce or offspring.

A (hepherd next.
More meek, came with the firfitings of his flock,
Choicelt and beft. Milton's Paradi/e Lrfi.

The imiitrfirftlings of my woolly breed.
Shall on his holy altar often bleed. Dryden'iVirg.

T\\(firftlings of the flock are doom'd to die. Pofe.

2. The thing thought or done before ano-
ther.

Our play
Leaps o'er the vaunt 7mi fir/irmgs of thefe broils,
'Ginning i' ih' middle. i,haktj'p. Treil. andCreJf.

The flighty purpofe works o'erlook,
Unlefs the deed go with it : from this moment.
The vcvyfi'fili'ig!. of my heart (hall be
The fiifilings of my hand. Stake/feare's Maetelb,

Fi'scAL. ti. f. [from f/ats, a t-reafury,
Latin.] Exchequer; revenue.

War, as it is entertained by diet, focan it not be
long maintained by the ordinary ^f*/ and receipt.

Baeon.

FISH. «. /. rF>F. 5axon ; vifeh, Dutch.]

1. An animal that inhabits the water. FiJ/>
is ufed coUeftively for the race oifijhes.

The bi:afts, \ht fifiits, and the winged fowls.
Are their males fubjcdh. Sbuke/f. Comedy of Err.

And now thejf/J ignoble fates cfcape.
Since Venus o» 'd her fafcty to their lliape. Creech.

There are fifitei, that have wings, that are not
ftrangers to the airy region | and there are fonie
birds that arc inhabitants of the water, whofe blood
is as cold iififijes ; and rherr flefh is fo like in tjftc,
that the I'crupulous arc allowed them »n firti-dajs.

Locke.

2. The flcfli of filh oppofed to that of xer-

7 1^

reftrial animals, by way of eminence c>lle4
flelh.

1 fight when 1 cannot chufe, »nd I eat no fijb.

Sbakefp.K.Utr,

We mortify ourselves with the diet oi fifij, and
think we fare coarftly it we abltain from the flelh
of other aniiqalt. Brovjn,

To Fish. v. n.

1. To be employed in catching filhes.

2. To endeavour at any thing by artifice.

While others/^, with craft for great opinion,
I with great truth, catch mere fimplicitv. Shakeff,

To Fish. 1;. a. To fearch wattr tn queft of
filh, or any thing elfe. ,

Some hive fijhed the very jak« for papei;* left
thereby men of wit. Sv^ft,

Oft, as hefi/h'd her nether realms for wit.
The goddcft favour'd him, and favoui-s vet. fofe.

Fi'sh-hook. ti.f.^fijh^r^&hobk.^ A hoOk
baited, with which filh are caught.

AvTiarp point, bended upward aid backward, like
^fifii-hcok. Crexu's Muftrum,

Fishpond. «. /. [j^^and/«W.] A fmall
pool for fifti.

Fijh-fondi are no fmall improvements of watry
bojgy lands. ■ Mortimer's Hufi>andry*

Fifi^-ponds were made where former forcits grew,
>^d hills were levell'4 to extend the view. Prior.

Aher the great value the Romans put upon fiihes,
it will not appear incredible that C. Hitrius IhoulJ
fell his fiJi-potJs for quadragies H. S. 32,291/.
131. ^d. Ari^uihnot*

F'isHER. n. /. [from 7J<5.] One who is
employed in catching fi(h.

In our fight the three were taken up.
By filhermen of Corinth, as we thought :
At length another feii'don us.
And would have reilihe fifiier\ of their prey,
Jiad not they been very How of fails Sbakefp.

We know that town is but with_/^frj fraught.
Where Thefeus govern 'd and where flato taught,

Sandys,

Leil he (hoiild fufpedl it, draw it from him,
Asfifiirrs do the bait, to make him follow it.

Deniam,

Afoldiernow he with his coat appears ;
Afifiitrnovi, his trembling angle bears. Pofe,

Fi'sHERBOAT. w. /. [/jier znd l>pat.] A
boat employed in catching fi(h.

Yl'sHEKMAtf, ft./, [fi/jer and man.'] One
whofe employment and livelihood is to
catch fidi.

How fearful
And dizxy 'tis to call one's eyes fo low !
Thefijbermen that walk upon the beach
Appear like mice. Shattff care's King Lear.

At length two monfters of unequal ftze,
Ha td by t he Ihore , zfi/herman efpies. ffciller.

Dolcales and fins bear price to thisexcefs?
You migluhavc bought ihefifiiermen for kfs. Dryd.
Fi'sHERTowN. n. f. \fijher and tovjn,] A
town inhabited by filhermen.

Others of them, in that time burned that ^cr-

to^vn Moufchole. Carew's Survey of Cornwall.

Lime in Dorfetlhire, a \\\.\\e fijherterwn . Clarendon.

Fi'sHERY. n.f. SJxoxxi fijher.l The bufinefs

of catching filh.

We fhall ha\e plenty of mackerel this feafon : our

fifijcry will not be difturbed by privateers. Addifon.

Fi'sHFUL. adj. [from fijh.] Abounding

wiih fifh ; ftored with tilh.

Thus mean in llate, and calm in iprite,
Myfififtl pond is my delight. Carew.

It is walled and guarded with the ocean, moft

commodious for traffick to all parts of ihe world, and

watered with plealant,^//;/, and navigable rivers.

Camden's Rem,tins.

roFi'sHiFt. "v. a. [from ffi.] To turn
to fifh : a cant word.

Here comes Romeo.
—Without his roc, like a dried, herring :
O flelh, flefh, how art thoififtifiid ! Shakefpeare.

Fl'sHINC.

F I S

Fi'sHiNe. »,/. [frotn ^.] Commodify;
of taking fifh.
There alfo would be planted a good town, having

both a good haven and a , ,entifuI_/f/4;Vr^, Spenfer

'' ^ ^'"' ■ ■ ■ ] A

Fi'sHKETTLE. ». /. [ji/i and httle.j „
caldron made long for the fifli to be boiled
without bending.

It is probable that the way of embalming amongfl
the Egyptians wa? by boiling the body in a long
caldron like 3. fijh-ketilt, in fome kind of liquid
balfam. C-v-k.'j Mufceum

Fi SHMEAL. n.f. \^fijh and meal.'l Diet of
lifti ; abflemioas diet.

Thin drink doth overcool their blood, and making

imT,\ fjhmtali, they fall into a kind of male green-

_ fickw'i- Sharp.

Fi'sHMoNCEK. n.f. rfromyj^.l A dealer
in fifh; a feller of fi(h.

1 fear to play the ffcmongir; and yet fo large a

commodity may not pals in fileoce. Carevi.

The furgeon left the fjim-^.tgcr to determine the

controverfy between him and the pike. VEKrantc

Fi'sHV. ^^/. [from;5».]

1. Confifting of fi(h.

2. Inhabited by fi(h.

My abfcnt mates
Bait the-harb'd ;l«l, and ixom \^tfjhy flood
Appeafe th' atflia-ve fierce defire of food. Popt.

3. Having the qualities or form of fifh.

Few eyes have efoncd the piflure of mermaids,
that ij, according to Horace, a montler with a wo-
ipan's head above, tni^Jiyt tttnmity below. Bnmin

n'SSII.E. adj. Ifffili,, Latin.] Having the
grain in a certain direftion, fo as to be
cleft.

Thif cryftal is a pellucid fijfjt »ont, clear as

»-ater or cryftal of the rock, and without colour ;

enduring a red heat without lofing its iranfoarency,

aud in a very ftrong heat calcining without Aifion.

„ , Nnvion'i Opiicit.

Fi ss iL I TY . «r. /. [from fffiU. ] The qua-
lity of admitting to be cloven. -
Fi'ssuR E. ». /. [Jiffura, Latin; fiffure, Fr.]
A cleft ; a narrow chafra where a breach
has been made.

The ftone was diftinguiffied into ftrata or layers ;
thofe ftrau were divided by parallel fffurrt, that
were inclofed in the ftone. It'eodruari' t Nat. Wff.

I fee
The giplnfjfffir-fi to receive the rain. Ticm/iii,

To Fissure, -v. a. [ froin the noan.] To
cleave ; to make a fiflurc.

By a faU or blow the (kult mav be fim"-"/ or
fraflured. /fiArma^-fSurg^ry.

1H>>T. n. f. [pipr, Saxon.j The hand
clenched with the fingers doubled down,
m order to give a blow, or keep hold.

Shcnuick and proud, and who did Pasdefpife,
Up with lier/y?, and rook him on the facej

Another time, quoth ihe, become more wife;
Thus Pai, did kifs her hind with little grace. SiJney.

And being down, the villain fore did bent
And bruife with downifby^r his manly face.

Fully ^uetn.

Anf tr catjfeth palenefs in fome j in others tremb- I
bl,n.',f-,rH:.. ,„! K„.i„j rt,,^^_ Baci,„.\

-.j;." J ' nto a>yj may cl«fe, I

,"'"' rri expanded (ho\\'». Denbam

lyrrheui, Uic uii-r-lalhtrof ihe^ft.
Then clench -d a hatchet in his boilSK Drjdn
V « ]■ IS r. t: a. ^^^

I. To ftrikc with the fid.

a. To gripe with the fift. '^"'

If ^* ^'" ^"'' '''""'• '"E^'h*' in my (lefp,
Wn.uckl,ng helms, fjl;„^ each oiherN th^f.
And wak d half dead with nothing. Uak. CorhUnu,.

F.STiN(7T. ;,./. A piftachio nut.

X^Tlk\i- ^fifi.^^^-'ff-'] Battle
wuh the fift ; blows with thcM.

F I T

Waked men belabouring one another vrith fnJ^cd

fticks, or dully falling together by the ears at fjii-

cuffs. Morr.

She would feize upon John's commons; for which

they were fure to go to ffticuffs. Arhuth. John Bull.

My invention and judgment are perpetually at

fjlicuffs, 'till they have qurte difabied each other.

Smtft

Fl'STULA. n.f. [Latin ; fijiule, French.]

F I T

A fmuous ulcer callous within ; any
finuous ulcer.

Thi^.fiflula which is recent is the eafieft of cure :
thofe 01 a long continuance are accompanied with
ulcerations of the gland, and caries in the bone.

IViffman^s Surgery.

. Fistula Lacrymalis. A diforderof the
canals leading from the eye to the nofe,
which obftruAs the natural progrefs of the
tears, and makes them trickle down the
cheek; but this is only the firft and
mildeft ftage of the difeafe : in the next
there is maxter di charged with the tears
from the pu>i3a lachrymalia, and fome-
times from an orifice broke through the
(kin between the nofe and angle of the
eye. The laft and worft degree of it is
when the matter oftlie eye, by its long
continuance, has not only corroded the
neighbouring foft parts, but alfo affefted
the fubjacent bone. Sharp's Surgery.

Fi's ivLAt.aJj. [fromy^&Za.] Hollow like
a pipe.

Fi'sTiTLOus. aJ/\ [from f/n/a; fijiultux,
French.] Having the nature of a'tiAula ;
callous or finuous like a fiftula.

How thefe finuous ulcers \>Komr^ ffluhat, \ htve
(hewn you. ffifema/!', Surgery.

FIT. n. f. {hom fight. Skinner, every fit
of a difeafe being a ftruggle of nature ;
fromT/VV in Flemilh, frequent, Junius.]

I. A paroxyfm or exacerbation of any in-
termittent diflemper.

Small rtones and gravel coUcfl and become very
large m the kidneys, in which cafe ij!r of the rtonc
in that part is the cure. Siijrp's Surgery.

Z. Any fhort return after interrailGon; in-
terval.

Sometimes 'tis grateful to the rich to try
A (hort vicilfitude, and^fr of povrrty. DryJen

Men tl^it ate habitually wicked may now and
then, by fin and ftarts, fed certain'taotions of re-

^T^T- e u- . , L'Eftrange.

Vyjiii my fwelling grief appears,
In riling fighs and falling tears. MJ!fon on Italy.

Thus o'er the dying lamp ih' unileady flame |

Hanjs quivering on a point, leaps off by>/r,
And (alls again as loth tn quit its hold. AJJifon

Religion is not the bufmefs of fome fits only and '
interval! of our life, to be taken up at certain days
and hours, but a fyrtem of precepts to be regarded in
all our conduct Rogers

An fill of pleafure we balanced by an equal degree'
of pam or languor: 'tis like finding this year, part
oi the next year's revenue. Sti'if,

. Any violent affeaion of mind or body.

The life did flit away out of her neft.
And all hisfenfcs were with deadly// oppreft.

, ... Fairy Queen.

An ambitious man puts it in the power of evcrv

milicious tongue to throw him into a fit of meUi..

r\''r I ,./■ Addifiin.

. Diforder; diflemperature.

For your hulbaod.
He's noble, wife.judicious, and bed knows
Ihe>/»o' ih'feafon. Shake/p. Macieih

It is ufed without an epithet of difcri-
mination, for the hyflerical diforders of
women, and the convnlfions of children ;
and by the vulgar for the epilepfy.

Mrs. Bull was fo much enraged, that (he fell down-
right into 3 fit. Arbulhnot's Hifi. of John Hull.

6. Jt was anciently ufed for any recom-
mencement after intermiilion. The pans
of a fong, or cantos of a poem were
called y&r.
Fit. aJ/. ['vitten, Flemifh, Junius.']
I. Qualified; proper: vi'nhfor before the"
noun, and to before the verb.
Men of valour, fit to go out for war and battle.

I Chron,
He lends him vain Goliah's facred fword,
Tht fittejl help juft fortune could afford. Cmvley.
This fuvyfiijlr her intent (he chofe.
One who delights in wars and human woes. Dryiien.

It is a wrong ufe of my underftanding to make it -
the rule and mcafure of another man's; a ufe which
it is neither^/ /o/-, nor capable of. Locket

2. Convenient; meet; proper; right.

Since we have faid it were good not to ufe men of

ambitious natures, except it be upon necelfity, it is

fit we (peak in what cafes they ate fo. B.icoir.

See how thou rnuId'H judge o( fit and meet. Milt.

It is^fr for a man to know his own abilities and

weaknclfcs, and noi think Iiimfclf obliged to imitate

all that he tliinksy;r 10 praife. Boyle.

If Mr forefathers thought fit to be grave and I'e-

rious, I hope their poltcrity may laugh without

offence. Addi/ow,

To Fir. V. a. [I'ltten, Flemifh, Junius.]

1. To .accommodate to any thing; to fuit
one thing to another.

The carpenter niarkeih it out with a line: he
jf//«i It wiih planes. //; xliv. 13.

Would fate permit
To my defires t might my fortune _/&,
Troy I would raife. Denh'am^

2. To accommodate a perfon with anv
thing : as, the tailor//^ his cuflomer.

A tru(riTi,>ker_;frrf.y the child with a pair of bod-
dice, (VitV.:neJ on the lame tide. IVifman't Smg:: v,

3. To be adapted to; to fuit any thing.
She (lull be our me(renger to this paultry knight ;

1 truft me thought on liei ; (iK'Wfii it Sh.ike/p.

.\s much of the llone as was contiguous to ii'ii

marcafite, fi/ieJ the nurcafitc fo doli: as if it had

been fo: merly liijujd. . Boyte.

4. 7i- Fit oar. To furnifh; to equip; tcr
fiipply with necefTaries or decoration.

A play, which if you dare but twice _;?/ out, ■
You'll all be (lander'd, and be thought devout. DryJ, .

The Englilh fleet could not be paid and manned,
and filltd out, unlcfs we enc()ur.igi-d trade and na^
vigation. ^ _ Addifon', Freeholder.

5. 7o Fit tip. To furnifh ; to make prtrper
for the ufe or reeeption of any.

He his fitted up his farm. Pope to Sivift.

To Fit. -v. ».. To be proper; to be be-
coming.

How evil fii, it me to have fuch a ffn; nnd how
much doih tliy kindnefs upbraid my wickcdo-ls.

., - . Sidney..

Narfiti It to prolong ihe feaft,
^ Timclels, indecent, but retire to reft. Pvpe'i Odyjfey.
Fitca. n.f. [.A colloquial corruption of.
•vetch.] A fmall kind of wild pea. ..

Now is the feaion
Forfowingolyf/cicj, of beans, andof peafon. Tujler.

Htchat.I*; /. {fjfau, French; fijfe.
Fitchew./ Dutch.] A itinking little

be.nft, that robs the hen-roofl and warren.
Wwwr calls him xht Jlinhing ferret ; but
he is much larger, at leaft as fome pro-
vinces diltinguifh them, in which the
polecat is termed v^fitchat, and x\\cjitnkittz
ferret a ftoat.
'Tis fuch an:.rheryf/c,6(-tf .' marry, a perfumed one : t
Whai do you mean by this haunting of mc i Shakefp.
Vhefiubat, ilie lulimari, and the like creatures,,
live upon the (ace and wiihin the bowels of the eartli»'
„ , H'ai fun's Angler,

Fi'tful. atlj. [fit iadfu/i.] Varied bj-

patoxyfaisj .

T? 1 V

twroxyfmv; dtforJered by diange ofma-
Ldies.

Duncan it in hit (rave ;
AfWr tife"s_/f/»/ fever he rteepj well. S*ai. hbchetb.
Ti'tly. tiiv. [irovrt fi».\

1. Properly; juftly ; reafonably.

Eten h ma^ filly
Aj *»u mjlipi ojr feuatori. Slialkffp Ctrialatius.

Whrre a man caonM f:!y plajr hii own part, it
hf have not a friend, he may quit tlie ftage. Bjcoi.

I cannot fitlirr ompiie mafTdge than lo a lot-
tery, for, in b«ih, he that veaturet may fuececJ,
and ma/ mif': and if he draw a prize, he haih a
rich return of his venture : but in hoih lotteries ihere
lie pretty llore of blanks for every priie. Koyle.

The whole of our duty may be Mprelted moll
fiuy ky departing from evil. Titlotftn.

2. Commodioufly ; meetly.

To talce a latitude.
Sun or (Vars iXtJiilUJi view'd
At their brightell; but to conclude
Ot longitudes, what other way hare vt
, Sut to mark when, and where the dark cdipfes be.

Do/Tflf.

An animal, in order to be moveable muft be
flexible; and therefore is ^r.'y made of fepante and
fm.»Ufulid parts, replete with proper fluids. Arbuthntt,

■Fi'tne-ss. »./. [fromyf/.]

1. Propriety; ratietnefsj jailncfs; rcafon-
ablenefs.

In things the Jilneft whereof is not of itfelf ap-
parent, nor eafy to be made fuflticiently manilcll
unto all, yet the judgment of antiquity, concurring
%vith that which is received, may induce them to
think it not unlit. Ho'jker*

The queen being abfent, 'tis a ncsi(\i\ fitneft
That we adjourn this court. Shahjf. Henry VIII.

Wer't m-vjitftefi
To let thefe hands obey my boiling blood.
They're apt enough to diilocate and tear
Thy fle(h and bones, Skahrffeare^i ^'"S '^*"'.

2. Convenience ; commodity ; the ftate of
being fit.

Nor time nor place
Did then cohere, and yet you would make both :
JThey'v? iride themfel'es, and that tlieir_^r>ir/r now
"Does unmake you. Sh,tiiff tare's Macbeth.

^yi'TMENT... «. /. [from ^/.] Something
adapted to a particular purpofe. Not
ufed.

l^oor befeeniing : 'twas i fitment for
The purpofe I then follow'd. Sbakeff. Cymieline.
••-Fi'tter. «./. [from//.]
. 1, The perfon or thing that confers fitnefs
for any thing.

Sowing the fandy gravelly land in Devonftiire and
Cornwall with French furec feed, they reckon a great
improver of ijteir land, and i finer of it for com.

Mortimer's Hujhattdiy,

2. [from fet(a,'\tz\\an; fttaeti , German.] A

unall piece : as, to cut mXo fitters. Skinner.

■J FiTZ. a./. [Norman, ifomfils, a fon, Fr.]

A fon. Otily ufed »n law and genealogy :

, as Filzhcrbert, the fon of Herbert ; Fitz-

t^mas, the fon of Thomas ; Fitxny, the

fon of the king. It is commonly ufed of

illegitimate children.

/-FIVK. atij. [pj;:, Saxon.] Four and one;

,■ half of ten.

Aod_/fvf of them were wife, andTft/e werefoolifh.

Mall.

No Derfon, no incident, but mud be of ufe to
e.-itry on the main dcfign : all things clfe arc like fix
finders to the hand, when nature, which is fuperflu-
ous in nothing, can do her work y/'iOtfioe. DryJen.

Five herds, fire bleating flocks, his paflure fiU'd.

Dryden.

Our Brilifh youth lofe their £gure by that time
they we five and twenty. ^ Addijon.

Fi'vELEAVED Grafs, n. f. Ciiiqucfoil ; a

fpccies of clover.
|"XV£8. n.f.

F I X

1. A kind of play with a bait.

2. A difeafe of horfe*.

His horfefped with fpavins, ray«d with the yel-
lows, paft cure of the fives, and ftark fjxjiled with
the ftagfers. tthakrffeme.

To FIX. -v. a. fixer, French ; fi.xus, Latin. J
I, To make faft, firm, or ftable.

Hell heard th' unfu&rable noife, h:ll faw
Hciv'n running from heav'ii, and would have fled
Affrighted, but that fate had fx'd too deep
Her dark foundations, and too faft had bound. Milt.

t. To fettle ; to eftablifh invariably.

Brightcft feraph I tell
In which of all thefe orbs ha<h man
Hi5^»i:rf feat, or yiaW feat hath none.
But all thefe Oiiuing orbs his choice to dwell ! MUi.

One \oia fixed laws, and the other arbitrary
power. temple.

When euftom hath fixed his eatint; to certain
Rated periods, his (lonuch wiUeiped viftuals at the
ufuji hour. Locke.

J, To direft without variation.

Why are thine eyts fixt to the fuUen earth,
Gaiing at that which I'cems to dim thy finht ! Slak,

Thus while the Trojan prince employs his eyes,
Fix' d an the walls with wonder and furpriie. Dryd.

4. To deprive of volatility.

We pronounce concerning gold, that it \% fixed.

Locke.

5. To pierce ; to transfix. A fenfe purely
Latin.

While I'rom the raging fworJ he vainly Hies,
A bow of fteel (hMfix his trembling thighs. Sandys.

6. To withhold from motion.
To Fix. f. n.

1. To fettle the opinion; to determine the
refolution.

If we would be happy, we muft^x upon (bme
foundation that can never deceive us. L'Eftratige.

He made himfelf their prey,
T' impofe on their belief, and Troy betray;
Fix' J on his aim, ar.d obftinately bent
To die undaunted, or to circumvent. DryderCs^n,

Here hope began to dawn ; refolv'd to try.
She fix' d on this her utmoft remedy.
Death was behind j but hard it was to die. Dryden.

In mod bodies not propagated by feed, it is the
colour we muft^x on, and arc mod led by. Locke.

2. To reft; to ceafe; to wander.

Your kindnefs banidies your fear,
Refolv'd to fix for ever here. Waller.

3. To lofe volatility, fo as to be malleable.

In the midd of molten lead, when it beginneth to
congeal, make a little dent, and put quickfilver,
wrapped in a piece of linen, in th.it hole, and the
quicklilver <K\\\fix and run no mote, and endure the
hammer. Bacon's Natural Hifiory.

FIXATION. It./. [French.]

1. Stability; firranefs ; fteadincfs.

Your fixation in matters of religion will not be
more neccflary for your foul'ii than your kingdom's
peace. KingCharUi.

2. Refidence in a certain place.

To lijht, created in the lull day, God gave no
proper place ot fixation. Raleigh's Hifiory.

3. Confinement ; forbearance of cxcurfion.

They are fubjedl to errors from a narrownefs of
(bul, 3i fixation and conliocmenc of thought to a few
objefls. lyatti.

,\. Want of volatility ; deftruiflion of vola-
tility.

Upon the compound body three things arc chiefly
to be obfcrved; the colour, the fragility or pliantncfs,
and the volatility or fixation, compared with the
fimple bodies. Bacon.

It is more diflncult to make gold of other metals
lefs ponderous and lei's materiate, than to make
filver of lead or quKklilver, both of which are more
ponderous than lilver; fo that they need rather a
degree oi fixation than any condcafation. Bacon.
5. Redudion from fluidity to firmnefs.

Salt dilTolvcd upon t fixation returns te iu a&^eJ
cubes. iiUr.v.

Fi'xEDLY. aifu. [from /Jrf(/.]

FLA

1 . Cert«inly i firmly j in a manner fettled
and eftablifhed.

If w< pretend that tht didin£Hsn of fpeeicc, ar
forts, \i fixedly e(Ublilh«d by the t«»I and fccret cor..
ditutionj of things. Lock;

2. StedfaiUy.

Omnipotcncy, omnifclency, and infinite good-
nefi cnlaige the fpirit while xKfixily looks on them.

Burtut.
Fl'xEDNESS. V. f. \^XOVafixtd.'\

1. St.nbility ; firmnefs.

2. Want or lofs of volatility^

Fixednefs, or a power to remain in the fire «n-
cotifumed, is an idea that always accompanies our •
complex Idea fignificd by tlie ivord gold. Lacke,

3. Solidity ; coherence of parts.

Fluid or (olid comprehend all the middle degree*
between extreme fixednefs and coherency, and the
mod rapid iatedine motion of the particles of bodies.

Bcntley.

4. Steadinefs; fettled opinion or refolution.

K fixednefs in religion will not give my confcieiiie
leave to confcnt to innovations. Kinv Cbarlti.

Fixi'dity. n.f. [horn fixe J. '\ Ctwierence
of parts, oppofed to volatility. A word
of BojU.
Uodiia mingled by the fire are differiog as to the
fixidity and volatility, and yet are fo combined by
the tirft operation of the fire, that itfelf dees Icarc*
afterward* feparatc them. Boyle.

Fi'xiTY. n.f. [fixite, French.] Coherence
of parts, oppofed to volatility.

And are not the fun and fixed flar, great earthf
vehemently hot, whofe heat is confcrvcd by the
greainefs of the bodies, and the mutual adion and
readUon between them, and the light which they
emit, and whofe parts are kept from fuming away,
not only by their jtfx;/v, but alfo by the vad weight
and denfity of the "atmofphcres incumbent upon
them ? Ne-wtui's Of ticks,

Fi'xTURB. n.f. [itoxafix.

1. Pofition.

'Vhe fixture of her eye hath motion in't,
■ As we were raock'd with art. Shakef. IVinter't Tale,

2. Stable preffure.

The firm fixture of thy foot would give an ex-
cellent motion to thy gait. Sbaieff,

3. Firmnefs ; ftable ftate.

Frights, changes, horrours.
Divert and crack, rend and deracinate
The unity and married calm of dates
Quite from thsir^x;«)C Shak. Troilus and Cre^a.

Fizgig, n.f. A kind of dart or harpoon
with which feamen ftrike fifh.

Can'd thou yi\i\\ fizgigs pierce him to the quick.

Or in hislkull thy barbed trident (bck ? Sandys' "fiik.

Fla'bbv. adj. \fia:cidus, Latin.] Soft;

not firm ; eafily ihaking or yielding to

the touch.

I'alenefs, a weak pulfe, palpitations of the heart,
fiabiy and black flclh, ate fymptoms of weak fibres.

Arbuthnot.
Pulls out the rags contriv'd to-prop
Wetfiabby dugs and down they drop. Swift,

Fla'bile. aJJ. [fiabilis, Latin.] Blown
about by the wuid; fubje£i to be blown.

Dia.

FLA'CCID. ailj. {flaccidtu, Latin.] Weak;
limber; not ftiff; lax; not tenfe.

The bjwi^and inclining the head is found in the
great flower of the fun: the caufe I take to be is,
that the part againd which tlie fun beiteth waxeth
more faint ^Tiifiaccid in the (talk, and tliereby lefs
able to fupport the flower. Bacon,

They whofe mufcles arc weak or fiaccid^ are
unapt to pronounce the letter r, tUlder.

The furgcon ought to vary the diet as lie finds
the fibres are Xoo fiaccid and produce fungufes, or
as they harden and produce callolitics. Arbutbnot.

Fi. ACCi'piTY. »./. \{tovn flaccid. '\ Laxity;

limberncfs; want of teoiion; want of

ftiffncfs.

There

FLA

There is neither lluxioa nor pain, hutJlMc!J:!y

joined with infenfibility. H-'ifrmaH'i Surgery.

To FLAG. V. a. \Jiaggereu, Dutch ; pkojan,

Saxon, to fly.
1. To hang loofe without ftiffnefs or ten-
fion.

Beds of cotton wool hung up betn-een two trees,
not far from the ground ; in which, fl^ggiis "Jo"'"
in the middle, men, wives and children lie to-
gether ^I'l'o'-

The jades
That drag the tiagick melancholy night.
Who with their drowfy, flow, mi flagging tv'irgs
Ciip dead men's graves. Shtkfftart'i Htnry VI.

It keeps thofc flender aerial bodies fcfarated and
ftrctched out, which oiherwife, by reafon of their
flejjblenefs and weight, wouldjfag; or curl.

Boyle's Spring of ibe Air.
Like a fiery meteor funk the fun,
Tte promife of a ftorm ; the Ihiftiog gales
Forfake by fits, and fill ihc flagging fails. Drydtn.

z. Togrow fpiritlefs ordejeded.

My fl^^'^g foul flies under her own pitch.
Like fowl in air too damp, and lags along
As if the were a body in a body :
My fcnfcs too ate dull a.id ftupify'd,
'i'hcii edge rebated : fure fom: ill approaches.

Dry Jen's Don Seijfli'an.

3. To grow feeble ; to lofe vigour.

Juice in language is fomewhat lefs than blood :
for il the words be but becoming and fignifying, and
the fenfe gentle, there is juice : but where that
w anteih, ihr language is ti>\n,fl.igging, poor, ftaryed,
fcjrce covering the bone, and lhc*s like Itones in a
fack : feme men, to avoid redundancy, run intothat ;
and while they (hive to hinder ill blood or juice,
they lofe their good. Brn "Jonfon's Dijccn'erits,

• His flomach will want viiKuals at the ulual hour,
cither fretting itfelf into a troublelbmc excefs, or
flagging into a downright want of appetite. Laeke.

Fame, when it is once at a (land, naturally ^jgj
and languilhcs. AJdifoa'i SfeBator.

If nn fublimcr wings of love and piaife.
My love above the ftarry vault I raile,
Lur'd by fome vain conceit of pride or tuft,
Xfl^g, t drop, and flutter in the dull. Arbuthnol.

He fees a fpirit hash been raifed againO him, and he
only watches till it begins Vifljg : he goes about
watching when to devour us, Stuift,

The pleafures of the town begin to fljg and grow
bnguid, giving way daily to cruel inioadi from the
fpleen. Svift,

Ti Flag. v. a.

1. To let fall into feeblenef* ; to fuffer to
droop.

Take heed, my dear, youth flies apace ;
As well as Cupid, Time is blind :

Soon mufl tnofc glories of thy tace
The fate of vulgar beauty find :
The thoufand loves, that arm thy potent eye.
Mull drop their i^vnn,flag their wings, and die.

Prior.

2. [From ^<if , a fpccies of ftone.] To lay
with broad (tone.

The fidca and floor were ill^u^ri/ with excellent
marble. Sttndyu

A white rtone ufed fot flagging fleorj. H^ocdv/arJ,

Flag, «./. [from the verb.]

1. A water plant with a bladed leaf and
yellow flower, fo called from its motion
in the wind.

She look an ark of buirufhes, and laid it in the
fljgt by the river's bri.ik. Ex. ii. 3.

Can bulruHies but by the river grow i
Cunfljgs there floutilh where no water, flow ■ SgnJys.
There bt divers filies that cart their fpawn oi\ Jugs
erftones. tVa lion's Angler,

Cutflag roots, and the root: of other weeds.

Mortimer's Hufli.

2. The colours or enCgn of a (hip or land-
forces, by which fignals are made at fca,
or regiments are diilinguilbed in the field.

'fhcfe flags of Franee rfiat are advanced here,
Erfore the eye and profpcO of your town.
Have hither march'd to yoar endamagement. Shake/,

* Vol, I.

FLA

He hangs out as mnay flags as he defcryeth vcf-
fels ; fquare, if (hips; if gailies, pendants. Sandys.

Democracies aveflcls fubjcdl to feditioathan where
(here are rtirps o nobles : lor if men's eyes are upon
the perfons, it is for the buliiiefs fake as (ittetf, and
not (or flags of pedigree. Baecn.

Let him be girt
With all the grifly legion that troap
Under the (ooxy flag of Acheron,
Harpies and hydras, or all the monArouc forms
'Twixt Africa and Inde, I'll find him out,
And force him to reltorehis purchafe back,
Or drag him by the curls to a foul death. Mlhon.

The French and Spaniards, when yourflags appear,
Forget their hatred, and confeut to fear. lyaller.

The interpretation of that article a'ooutthe^ag, is
a ground at plcafure for opening a war. Teni^k.

Imcithtr'sflag the golden ferpcnts be.ir,
Eretfling crelts alike, like volumes rear.
And mingle friendly hiflings in the air. Dryden.

Then they, whofe mothers, franlick with their fear,
In woods and wilds the^.i^r of Bacchus bear.
And lead his dances with dilhevell'd hair. Orydrn.

3. .\fpecies of ftone ufed for fmooth pave-
ments, \Jlache, old French.]

Part of \vio flags ftriated, but deeper on one (ide
than the other. ll'oodiL^ard on Fcfli'l:.

Flagftone will not fplit, as flate does, being found
formed \nXoflagSt or thin plates, which arc no other
than ia many (Irata. IVooduard on FoJJils.

Flag broom, n.f. \iTQVtijUig and broom.^
A broom for fweeping flags or pave-
ments, commonly made of birch-twigs,
or of the leaves of the dwarf palm, im-
ported from Spain.
Flag officfr. n.f. \ flag v&^ officer, '\ A
commander of a fquadron.
Her grandfather was iflug-oflicer. AJdi/on.

Flagship, n.f, [flag and Jhif.] The fhip

in which tl>c commander of a fleet is.
Flag- WORM. n.f. [flag and ivorm.] A

grub bred in watry places among flags or

fedgc.

He will in thret hot months bite at aflag-rvornt,

or a green gentle. tfalion't Angler.

Fla'celet. n.f. [flageolet, French.] A

fmall flute ; a fmall inftrumcnt of wind

mufick.

Play us a leflbn on yo^itflagelel. More.

Flacella'tion". H.f. [ttomflagello, Lat.]
The ufe of the fcourge.

By Bridewell all defcend.
As morning pray'r indflagelljlion end. Garth.
Fi.a'ccinkss. n.f. [immflaggj.] Laxity ;

limbernefs; want of tenCon.
VtAcr.Ts.aJj. [itomflag.l

1. Weak; lax; limber not ftiff; not tenfe.

^"fl^Sty wifigS when forth he did difplay,
Were like two fails, in which the hollow wind
Is pather'd full, and worktth fpeedy way. lairj i^.

That balking in the fun thy bees may lye,
.^nd rcfting there, their^a^^y pinions diy. Dryd.

2. Weakintafte; inflpid.

Cralt an appic-cion upon the (lock of a colewort,
and it will bear a ZTcat flaggy apple. Bacon.

FLAGI'TIOUS. adj. (i'tomflagifius. Lat. J
I. Wicked; villainous; atrocious.

No villainy or flagitious attion was ever jet com-
mitted, but, upon a due enquiry into the caiifcs of it,
it will he found, that a lye was brit or laft the princi-
pal engine to effefl it. South.

There is no working upon a flagitious aod per-
verfe nature by kindnefs and difciplinc. L'Eflrange.

Firft, Ihohflagitiout times.
Pregnjnt with unknown ciimes,
Conf).ire to violate ilv-nuptial bed; Kofcommon,

Perjury is a crime of fo flagitious a nalute, we
cannot be too careful in avoiding every approjch to-
wards it. Addi/on.

But if in noble minds fome dregs remain,
Not vet purg'd off, of fpleen and four iliWain,
Difciiarge that rage on more provoking crimes,
Kor fcai a dearUi in {htieflagititm times. Pofe,

FLA

2. Guilty of crimes.

He dies, fad outcall of each church and ftate.
And, harder SiU\, flagitious yet not great. Pofe.

Flagi'tiousness. n.f. [fvom flagi/iauf.]

Wickednefs ; villainy.
Fla'gon. «. f. [fflacced, Welrti ; plaxe,
Saxon ; flafke, Danifh ; flapn, French ;
flafco, liaWzn ; flafco, Spanifh.] A vefTel
of drink with a narrow mouth.

A mad rogue ! he pour'd s fl.tgon of Rhcni(h on

my head on.'e. Si.'^kfp care's Hamlet.

More had fcnt him by a fuitor in Chancery two

^\\vtTflag'jns . Bacon's Apophtb.

Did they coin pifspots, bowl^, andflagons
lilt* officers of horfc and dragoons ? Hudibras.

His Kxn^y flagon, full of potrnt juice,
Wa; hanging by, worn thin with age and ufe.

Rojcmmon.

Om flagon walks the round, thatnone (hould think

Theycithcr change, or (Vint him in his drink. Dryd.

Fla'grancy, n. f. [flagraiitia, Latin.

Burning ; heat ; fire.

Lull cauicth zflagrancy in the eyes, as the (ighf
and the touch are the things dcliied, and therefore
the ffirits lefortto thofc parts. Bacon's Nat. Hifl.
Fl a' G R A N T. adj. [Jlagians, Latin.] ]

1. Ardent; burning; eager. It is always
ufed figuratively.

A thing which filleth the mind with comfort and
heavenly delijht, (lirreth up flagrant defires and
arteflions, correfpondent unto that which the words
contain. lioeker.

2. Glowing ; flufhed.

See Sappho, at her toilet's grearyta(k.
Then \iXtiiniflagrant to an evening ma(k:
So morning infefls, that in muck begun.
Shine, buz, and riy-blow in the fctcing fun. P'^fc,

3. Red; imprinted red.

Their common loves, a lewd abandoned pack,
The beadle's lalh Hill_/?.;^ra»ron their back. Prior,

4. Notorious ; flaming into notice.

When fraud is great, itfurnilhes weapons to defend
itfelf; and at worO, if the crimes be (o flagrant
that a man is laid afide outof perfetl ftiame, he re-
tires loaded with the fpoils of ihc nation. Swift.

With equal poife let fteady juilice fway,
hniflagrani crimes with certain vengeance pay;
But, 'till the proofs are clear, the ftioke dela) .

Smith.

Flaora'tion. n.f. [flagro, Latin.] Burn-
ing, iiiilt
Fla'gstaff. n.f. [fle^. ztidfaj.] 'Ihe
ftaffon which the flag is fixed.

The duke, lefs numerous, but in courage more,
On wings of all the winds to combat flics :

His murdering guns a loud defiance roar,
And bloody croffes on Wis flag flafls rife. Dry J,

Fl. ML. II. f. [fleigeHiim, Latin ; flegel, Ger-
man. The inSrument with which grain
is beaten out of the ear ; the tool of the
threfher.

Our foldiers, like the night-owl's lazy flight.
Or like a laiy threflicr with a flail.
Fell genlly down as if they flruck their friends.

* ' Shak.llen.VU

When in one night, ere glimpfe of morn,
His diaioKy flail hath threfli'd the corn,
That ten day-labourers could not end. Milton.

In <\\M pil-.: Iliall reign a mighty prince,
Born fora fccuige of wit, and _A<j// of fenfe. Dryd.

The dextrous handling of t"he_^ii/7, or the plough,
and being good workmen with theife tools, did not
binder Gideon's and Cintinnatus's (kill in arms and
government. Locke,

The threlher, Duck, could o'er the queen prcVail;
The proverb fays, no fence againft a flail. Sviift,

FLAKE, n.f., [floccus, Latin.]
1. Any thing that .ippears loofcly held to-
gether, like a flock of wool.

Crimfon circles like red flakes in the element,
when the weather is hoitett. Sidney.

And from his wide dcvouriiig ovenfent
J F A Haie

FLA

A_/fn.<r of fire, that Sufhing in his kearj,

Him all amai'd, and almolt all affcar'd. Fairy i^

The earth is fometimcs covered with fnow two or
three feet deep, made up only at' little j)i>A» or pieces
of ice. Burnet.

Small drops of a millling rain, defcending through
« freezing air, do each of them (hoot into one of
ihofc ligjred icicles ; which, being ruffied by the
wind, in their fall are brolcen, and duilered toge-
ther into fmill parcels, which we ca'.l/a^ejof fnow.
Grni'^i Cvfmolog.

Upon throwing in a ftone the water boils for a
conliderable time, and at the fame time are fcen
Iittle/.itooffcurfriCngup. _ AdJif.

2. A ftratum ; layer; film; lamina.

Thc_/f.iirj of his tough flefii (b firmly bound.
As not to be divorced by a wound. Sandys.

The teeth cut away gmijlaiet of the metal, till it
rcceiTcd the perfeft form ilic teeth would make.

Moxa».

To Flake, -v. a. [from the noun.] To form
in flakes or bodies loofely connctSed.

From the bleak pole no winds inclement blow,
Mold the round hail, orjiaie the fleecy fnow.

Pc^fV Odj/f.
To Flake, i;. «. To break into larainz ; to

part in loofe bodies.
Flakv, adj. [from ^att,]

1. Loofely hanging together.

The filent hour ftealson,
Kai flaky darknefs breaks within the Eaft. Shaleff.

The trumpet roars, long faky flames expire.
With fparks that fecm to fet the world on tire.

Pope.
Hence, when the fnows in Winter ceafe to weep,
And undilfolv'd l\\e\cjlaky texture keep.
The banks with eafe their humble dreams contain.
Which fwell in Summer, and thofe banks difdain.

Blacktr..

2. Lying in layers or ftrata ; broken into
laminae.

Flam. n.f. [A cant word of no certain
etymology.] A falfehood ; a lye; an iU
lufory pretext.

hjlam more fenfelefs than the rog'ry
Of old arafpicy and aug'ry. Hudibrai.

Till thcfe men can prove the things, ordered by
our church, to be either intrinlically unlawful or in-
decent, all pretences or pleas of confcieiice to the
contrary are nothing but cant and cheat, fam and
delufion. *■""*•

What are moft of the hillories of the world but
lyes ? Lyes immortalized and configned over as a
perpetual abufe and/am upon pofterity. South.

7o Fla m. 'V. a. [from the noun.] To de-
ceive with a lye. Merely cant.

For fo our ignorance vmjiamm'd,
To damn ourfelves t' avoid being damn'd. Hudiirai.

Godisnot iobe^dw»«-</ofrwiih lyes, who knows
rxaiftlv whit thou canft do, and what not. Soulb.

FLAM' BEAU, n.f. [French.] A lighted

torch.
The king fciied ijiamheau with zeal to deilroy.

Drydin.

As the attendant! carried each of them zflaml rau

in their hands, the fultan, after having ordered all

the lights to be put out, gave the word to enter the

houfe, fi.id out the criminal, and put him to death.

Aiidifon^i Gaar.iiittt.

FLAME, n.f. [flamma, Latin; ftammc,
French.]

1. Light emitted from fire.

Is not^.iwa vapour, fume, or exhalation heated
ted hot, that is, fo hot as to Ihme ? For bodies do
not flame without emitting a copious fume, and this
fume burns in thr/.imc. Newton' i Oft.

"Whitfanu, what lightning eVr
So i|uick an aflive forcedid bear I Caxti/ry.

2. Fire.

Jove, Prometheus' theft allow;
T)\t fames he once Hole fiom thee, grant him now.

Cow/ty^

3. Ardourof temper or imagination ;bright-
ncfs of fancy; vigour of thought.

FLA

Of all our elder plays*
This and Philafter have the loudeft fame ;
Great are their faults, and glorious is ihcirflame :
In both our Englifh genius is exprcft.
Lofty and bold but negligently dreft. ffal/i

4. Ardour of inclination.
Smit with the love of kindred arts we came,

An3 met congeneal, minglinf^ams vnhflatm.

Pope.

5. Paflion of love. ■♦

My heart's an Jlaine, and does like fire
To her afpirc. Cvwley.

Come arm'd inflames ; for 1 would prove
All the extremities of love. Couley.

No warning of th' approaching^ara* i
Swiftly like fudden death it came :
1 lov'd the moment 1 beheld. Crarrvilk.

To Flame. i;.». [from the noun]

1. To (hine as fire; to burn with emiffion
of light.

Can you think to blow out the intended fire your

city is ready toflame in, with fuch weak breath as

this ? . Shake/p.

He M\ flaming through th' ethereal Iky

To bottoinlefs perdition. Milton.

Hell all around

As one great furnace_/?aOT'i/. Milton.

2. To Ihine like flame.

Behold it like an ample curtain fpread,
Now ftreak'd and glowing with the morning red ;
Anon at noon inflaming yellow bright,
And chuiing fable for the peaceful night. Prior.

3. To break out in violence of paflion.
Flameco'loured. aJJ. [flame and t:olo!ir. ]

Of a bright )ellow colour.

'Tis ftrong, and it does indiSerent well in flame-
cohttred &ocV.\n%s. Shakejpeare's Ttvelftb Night.

Auguft (hall bear the form of a young man of a
fierce and cboleriik afpeO, in a flamecoloured gar-
ment. Peacham.

FLA' MEN. n. f. [Latin.] A prieft; one
that officiates in folemn offices.

Then firft ihtflamen tailed living food ;
Next his grim idol fmeac'd with human blood. Pope.
Flammabi'lity. ». /. [flamma, Latin.]
The quality of admitting to be fet on
fire, fo as to blaze.

In the fulphur of bodies torrified, that is, the

oily, fat and un<^uo«s parts, confift the principles of

flammability. Brown.

Flamma'tion. n.f, \flammatio, I.atin.]

The aft of fetting on name.

White or cryftalline arfenick, being artificial, and
fublimed with fait, will not eninnflammation.

Brozvn's Fitlgar Etrcurs.
Fla'mmeoi;s. tiiij. [flammeus, Latin.] Con-
fifting of flame; refembling flame.
This flammeous light is not over all the body.

Brcu'n

Flammi'ferous. aiij. [flammi/er, Lat.]
Bringing flame. DitS.

Fla.mmi'vomous. at//, \flamma, znitjonto,
Latin.] Vomiting out flame. X>/<?.

Fla'my. ai/J. [{rom flame.]

1. Inflamed; burning; blazinj;.

My thoughts imprifoa'd in my fecret woes,
V/ith flamy breaths do ilfue oft in found. Sidney.

2. Having the nature of flame.

The vital fpirits of living creatures are a fubftancc
compounded of an airy anAflamy matter; and though
air and flame, being tree, will not well mi/tgle, yet
bound in by a body they will. Bacon.

B'LANK. ft./, \flanc, French, according to
Menage, from A«v«» ; more probably from
/<j/«x, Latin. i

I. That part of the fide of a quadruped near

the hinder thigh.

The belly fliall be eminent by fliadowing iheflank.

Peacbam.

I. [In men.] The lateral part of the lower
belly.

FLA

He faid, and pois'd in air, the jav'lin fenf ;
Through Paris' (hicid the forceful weapon went.
His corUet pierces, and his garment rends,
And glancing downward near ^xiflanl: dcfccnds.

Pope.

3. The fide of any army or fleet.

Great ordnance and fmall fliot thundered and
(howeied upon our men from the rampier in front,
and from the gallies that lay atfea inflank.

Bacotft War luitb Spain.
Cray was appointed to ftand on the left fide, in fuch
fort as he might take ihtflani of the eaenw.

tlayward.
To right and left the front
Divided, and to eiiher^.i«i reiir'd. Milton.

4. [In fortification.] That part of the
ballion which reaches from the curtain to
the face, and defends the oppofite face,
the flank and the curtain. Harris.

To Flank, t. a.

1. To attack the fide of a battalion orfleet.

2. To be ported fo as to overlook or com-
mand any pafs on the fide.

With fates averfc againit their king's command,
Arm'd on the right, .^nd on the left they ftand,
Kai flank the paffage. Dryden's Mn.

3. To fecure on the fide.

By the rich fcent we found our perfum'd prey,
Which,^dK(i'i/with rocks, did clofe in covert lay.

Dryden.

Fla'nker. w./. [from7?<7;?*.] A fortifica-
tion jutting out fo as to command the
fide of a body marching to theaflTault.

Tlie Turks, difcouraged with the lofs of their

fellows, and fore beaten by tlie Spaniards out of

\ht\t flankers, were enforced to retire. Knolles.

Like ftorms of hail the (fones fell down from high,

Caft from the bulwarks, J?««*f«, ports, and towers.

Fairf^

To Fla'nker. 'v. a. \flanquer, French.]
To defend by lateral fortifications.

Fla'nnel. 7t. f. [g'wlaneii, Welfli ; from
gwlati, wool, Davies.] A foft nappy ftuff
of wool.
I cannot anfwer the VltAch flannel. Sbakefpeare.

FLAP. n.f. [loeppe. Saxon.]

1 . Any thing that hangs broad and loofe,
fattened only by one fide.

There is a peculiar provifion for the windpipe,
that is, a cartilaginous j!Ii/> upon the opening of the
larinx, which hath an open cavity for the adrailEon
of the air. Brown.

Some furgeons make crucial incifion upon the
fuppofition that the wound will more eafily heal by
turning down the flaps. Sharp.

2. The motion of any thing broad and loole.

3. [A difeafe in horfes.]

When a horfe has ihtflaps, you may perceive
his lips fwellcd on both tides of his moutli ; and.
that which is in the blilters is like the white of an
egg : cut fome fla(hcs with a knife, and rub it once
with falt,(ij^ it will cure. Farrier's DiH.

To Flap. v. a. [From the noun.]

1. To beat with a fl.ip, as flies are beaten.

A hare, hard put to it by an eagle, took fandluary
in a ditch with a beetle : ihe e3^\cflaj>t off the for-
mer, and devoured the other. L' Eftrange.

Yet let me flap this bug with gilded wings,
This painted child of dirt, that (links and (lings.

Pope.

2. To move with a flap or noife made by
the ftroke of any thing broad.

With fruitlefs toil
Flap filmy pinions oft, to extricate
Their feet in liquid (hackles bound. Philips.

Three times, all in the dead of night,
A bell was heard to ring;

Andiliricking at her window thrice
The raven^d^/»Vhis wing. Tickfl.

To Flap. 'v. n.

I. To ply the wings with noife.

FLA

'Tiseommon for a duck to ranjlafp'ing and flut-
tering awav, ij if maimed, to carry people from her
young. ' VEJira^ge.

The imjl.ifp!tig on 'le fhield of Tumus, and
fluttering about his iiead, dilheartened him in the
duel. Drjdcn's Mn.

t. To fall with flaps or broad parts depfend-
ing.

When fuflbcaling mifts obfcure the mom,
Let thy word wig, long us'd to Iforms, be worn;
This knows the powdcr'd footman, and with care
Beneath \\Mflafftng hat fecures liis hair. Gay.

Fla'pdracon. »./. [from a dragon fup-
pofed to breathe fire.]

1. A play in which they catch raifins out
of burning brandy, and, extinguifhing
them by clofing the mouth, eat them.

2. The thing eaten at flapdragon.

He plays at quoits well, and eats conger and fen-
nel, and drinks candles ends for JIaparagonSf and
rides the wild mare with the boys. Sbakefpeare.
To Fla'pdragon. "J. a. [from the noun. J
To fwallow; to devour. Low cant.

But to malce an end of the (hip, to fee how the
tt3fapJrag-j)ied it. Sbukefpeare^s Winter^ t l^uU,

Fla'peared. fli^'. [^fl/ and far.] Having
loofe and broad ears.

A whorcfen, beetle-headed ^.'^«rf</ knave. Sbak.
fo Flare, a. a. yiioxa Jiedtritt, to flutter,

Dutch, Skinner ; perhaps accidentally

changed itom glare, ^
I. To glitter with tranfient luftre.

DoArinc and life, colours, and light, in one
When they combine and mingle, bring

A tlrong regard and awe; but fpeech alone
Doth vanilh like i flaring thing.
And in the ear, not conlcicnce, ring. Herkert,

I. To glitter offenfively.

When the fun begins to Bing
Y\i% flaring beams, me, goddefs, bring
To arched walks of twilight groves. MillM,

3 . To be in too much light.

I cannot ftay
Flaring in funthine all the day. Prisr.

4. To flutter with a fplendid (how.

She fhall be loofe enrob'd.
With ribbands jcaiiat flaring 'bout her head.

Shakffptare,
FLASH, n. f. [<pAi|, WmyW.]
1. A fudden, quick, tranlitory blaze.

When the croA blue lightning (cem*d to open
The breallof heav'n, 1 did prclcnt myfelf
Ev'n in the aim and stx\flajh of it. Sbaktfp,

We fee iflaflt ol a piece is feen fooner than the
noifc is heard. Bacon' » Natural Hiflory,

One with iflajh begins, and ends in fmoak;
The other out of fmoak brings glorious light.

And as ^^geon, when with heaven he llrove,
Defy'd the forky lightning from afar.
At hfty mouths his flaming breath expires,
Ani flajh Sotflafl) returns, and fires for fires. Dryd.

z. Sudden buril of wit or merrinlCT^.

Where be your gibes now? your gambols? yo-jr
fongs? yt>\}rflafljei of merriment, that were wont to
fet the table in a roar • Sbakefp.

Wicked men prefer the light ^^« of a wanton
mirth, which tor a while fufpeod reflexion, and
hide the finner trom himfelf, to (uch di&ourfes as
awaken confcience. Riggers.

3. A (hort tranfient (late.

The Pei&ans and Macedonians bad it for a flaflj.

Bacon,

4^ A body of water driven by violence,
y'o Flash, t.-. ».

1. To glitter with a quick and tranfient
flame.

This fait powdered, and put into a crucible, was,

by ihc injection of well kindled charcoal, made to

•jy/i divers limes, almoli like melted niire. Boyle.

2. Toburft out into any kind of violence.

By day and night he wrongs me ; cv'r| hour

JaJ.

FLA

He flajhes into one grofs crime or otiiet,

That fets us all at odds. Shak./peare'i King l^ar.

3. '1 o break out into wit, merriment, or
bright thought.

Theyflaflj out fometimes into an irregular great-
nefs of thought. Fclton on the CLtJJtcki,

To Fl ASH. 1). a. To ftrtke up large bodies
of water from the furface.

With his raging arms he rudely ^^r/^V
The waves about, and all his .irmour fvvept.
That all the blood and filth away was walh'd.

Fairy ^esn.

If the fea-watcr be flaflied with a ftick or oar,
the fame cafteth a Ihining colour, and the drops re-
femble fparkles of hrc. Carciv.

Fla'shiiR. n./. [fromyfay^.] A man of
more appearance of wit than reality. Diff.

Flas'hilv. adv. [from /ajfy.] With
empty (how ; without real power of wit,
or folidity of thought.

Fla'shy. aJJ. [from ^aflh.]

1. Empty; not folid; Ihowy without fub-
ftance.

Flafloy wits cannot fathom the whole extent of a
Urge difcourfe. Digbyon the Soul, Dedication.

When they lift, their lean diniflafl.y fongs
Crate on their fcrannel pipes of wretched draw,

MitlOK.

This mean conceit, this darling myftery.
Which ihou think'tl nothing, friend I thou (halt not

buy;
Nor will 1 change for all \.\ic fl.tfljy wit. Drydcn,

2. \YtQvaJlacciJiis,Skiaiier.}^ Inflpid ; with-
out force or fpirit.

Diltilled books are, like common didilled waters,
flafljy things. Bacon's Eflayi.

The tallcs that moll oBcnd in fiuiis, herbs, and
roots, are bitter, harlh, four, waterilh or^ii/!')'.

BacQfi'i Natural lliflory.

FLASK, n.f. [fla/que, Ftench.J
I . A bottle ; a vxflel.

Then for the Bourdeaui you may freely a(k ;
But the Champaigne is to each man Vxtflajk. King.
2> A powder-horrw

Powder in a Ikillcfs foldier's flaflt
Is fet on fire. Sbakefpeare.

Fla'sket. w./. \ltaai fltfjk.'l A vefTei i«
which viands are ferved.

Another plac'd
The filver Hands with %o\it.u flaflccii grac'd. Fobe.
FLAT. aJj. [plat, French.]

1. Horizontally level without inclination.

Thou, all-fhaking tliunder,
StxVueflai the thick totundityo' ih' world. Shakeff.

Virtue could fee to do wh it virtue would
By her own radiant light, though fun and moon
Were in thc^*ir fca funk. . Milton,

The lioufcs arc 7?.)/ roofed to walk upnn, fo ihat
every bomb that fell on tliem would take effedl.

Addijon on Italy.

2. Smooth; without protuberances.
In the dawning of the ncxtd.iy we might plainly

difcern it was a land flat to our light, and lull of
bolcage. Bacon,

3. Not elevated; fallen; not eredt.
Ceafe t' admire, and beauty's plumes

Fall flat, and Oirink into a trivial toy.

At every fudden (lighting quite abaiht. Milton.

4. Level with the ground.
In them is plained taught, and eafieftlearnt,

What makes a nation li-ippy, and keeps it fo.
What ruins kingdoms, and lays citicsj^j/. Miltoit.
That Chrift-church (lands above ground, and that
the church of Wcftminfter lies not flat upon it, is
your lordlhip's commendation. South.

5. Lying proftrate ; lying along.

The wood-born people fall before hcrflaf.
And worlhip her as goddefs of the wood. Fairy Q^

That lamentable wound.
Which laid that wretched printcjft/r on the ground.

D.mitt.

6. [In painting.] Wanting relief; wanting
prominence of the figures.

FLA

7. Taftelefs ; infipid ; dead.
He, like a puling cucknlJ, would drink up

The lees. iiid dregs of a_/i'.jr tamed piece. Hbake/f,

Tafte fo divine! that what of I'lveet before
Hath touch'd my fenfe, flat lecias to tills and harHi.

Mihsn,
The miry fields.
Rejoicing in rich mold, moft ample fruit
Of beauteous form produce; plealir.g to light.
But to the tongue inelegant iniflat, Piilifi,

8. Dull; unanimated; frigid.
Short fpeeches fly abroad like darts, and arc thought

to be iliot out of fecrct intentions ; but as for large
difcourfes, they ixtflat things, and not to much no«ed.

Bacon.
Some (hort excuriions of a broken vow
He made indeed, but _//iir infipid itulf. Dryden.

9. Deprefled ; fpiritlefs ; dejected.
I teel niy genial fpirits dn^op,

My hopes Mflat, nature within me focms

In all her functions weary of herfelf, Milton.

10. Unplea(ing; tallelefs.

How weary, (tale, ^.rr and unprofitable
Seem to me all the ufes of this world! Sbakefp.

To one firmly perfuaded of the reality of heavenly
happinels, and.earncftly defirous of obtaining it, all
earthly fatisfa^ions mull needs look little, and grow
flat and unfavoury. Atterliury's Sermons.

1 1 . Peremptory ; abfolute ; downright.
His horfe with _/?.;/ tiring taught him, th«t dif-

crect (lays make fpeedy journeys. Sidney.

It is iflat wrong to punilh the thought or purpole
of any before it be enabled ; for true juilice puniihcth
nothing but the evil aft or wicked word, Spenfer. '.

As it is in the nature of all men to love liberty,
fo they becomey?<j/ libertines, and faH to all licen-
tioufnefs. Spenjer,

You ftart away.
And lend no ear unto mypurpofesj
Thofe prifoners you Ifiall keep:

1 will, thil'iflat. Siaiefpeare'i Henry IV,

Thus repuls'd, our final hope
Is flat dcfpair : we mull exafpcrate
Th' Almightv Vidlor to fpend all his rage.
And that mud end us. Milio/i's turadifcLoft.

If thou fin in wine or wantonnefs,
Boall not thereof, nor make thy lliame thy glory;

Frailty gets pardon by fubmilCvenefs,
But he that boalls, (huts that out of his llory.
He makes ^.1/ war with God, and dith defy.
With his meerclod of earth, thcfpacious Iky.

Herbert,

You had broke and robb'd his houfe.
And dole his talifmanique loufc;
And all hisTicw-found old inventions,
Wiihy?j/ felonious intentions. Hudtbras,

12. Not (hrill; not acute; not (harp in
found.

If you ftop the holes of a hawk's bell, it will
t.iake no ring, Imt ay?j/ nuife or rattle. Bacon.

The upper end of the windpipe is endued with
fevcral cartilages and mufclcs to contrail or dilate
it, as we would have our \u\ic flat or Iharp. Ray,

Fl a t. ». /,

I. A level; an extended plane.

Theftringsof a lute, viol, or virginals, give a far
greater found, by realon of the knot, board and con-
cave underneath, ihan if there were notliing but
only the flat of a board to let in the upper air into
the lower. Baccn,

Becaufe the air receivelh great tindlurc from the
earth, expofe flelh or filh, boih upon a (take of wood
fomc height above the earth, and upon the flat of
the earth. Baan.

It comes near an artificial mir.iclc to makedivcrs
diHinft eminences appear a fl.it by lorce of Ihadovvs,
and yet the (hadows thcmfelves not to appear.

kf'ot'on's Archilelture.
He has cut the fide of the rock into a flat for a
garden; and by laying on it the wadeearth, that he
has found in feveral of the neighbouring parts, fur-
nilhcd out a kind of luxury for a hermit. Addi/m,
, Even ground ; not mountainous.

Now pile youi^dud upon the quick and dead,
' I'ili of this_y?i/r a mountain yuu have made,
T' o'crtop old Pclion, or the (kyilh he.id
Of blue OlympuSi Siaki/pearc'i Hamlet,

i f i The

s

FLA

The way is ready and not lonj,
Peyoai a row of myrtlts, on yftat, ,., , a

Fart by a mounlain. MUion's ParaJi/e Up.

3. A fmooth low ground expofed to inun-
dations.

The ocean, overpeering of his lift.
Eats not ititfat! with more impetuous hafte
Than young Laertes, in a riotous head,
O'erbears your officers. Shakeffcare'ttlamlfl.

All the infeflions, that the fun lucks up
From bogs fens. >""i »" Profp'ro f-*"- Sbakrff.

Half my pow'rs this night.
Pairing theft /a/r, are taken by the tide;
Thefe Lincoln wallies have devouredthem. Abate/.

4. Shallow ; ftrand ; place in the fea where
the water is not deep enough for (hips.

I (liould not fee the fandy hour-glafs run,
But 1 ftould think of (hallows and oi fuls. Shak.

The difficulty is very great to bring them in or
out through fo many /a/i and fmds, ifwindand
weather be not very favourable. Raitigi's EJ/jys.

Having newly left tbefe grammatick fats and
fhallovcs, where they ftuck unreafonably, they arc
now turmoilcd with their unballarted wits in fathom-
Jefs and unquiet deeps of controvcrfy. Milton.

full in the prince's paffage bills of fand.
And img'rous fals, in ftcrct ambulh liy,

Where the falfe tides Ikim o'er the cover'd land,
And feamen wiihdiflcmblcd depths betray. Drydtn.

Mull we now have an ocean of mere JIati and
Ihallows, to the utter ruin of navigation? Bentlcy.

'1 he broad fide of a blade.

A darted mandate came
From that great will which moves this mighty frame,
Bid me to thee, my royal charge, repair,
To guard thee from the daemons of the air;
My flaming fword above 'em to difplay,
AH keen and ground upon the edge of day,
'1 he JIat to fweep the vifions from thy mind.
The edge to cut 'em through that (lay behind. Dryd.

6. Deprellion of thought or language.

Milton's Paradife Loft is admirable ( but am I
therefore bound to maintain, that there are no J/als
amoogft his elevations, when 'tis evident he creeps
(long foroetimes for above an hundred lines together?

Dryden.

7. A furface without relief, or prominences.

Krt there then fuch ravilhing charms in a dull

unvaried JIat, to mike a fufficient compcnfation for

the chief things of the ancient mountains, and for

the precious things of the lafling hills ? BtntUy.

TsFlat. v. a. [from the noun.]

1. To level; to deprefs; to make broad
and fmooth.

The ancients fay, if you take two twigs of (e-
Teral fruit-trees, and fiat them on the (ides, and
bind them dofe, and let them in the ground, (hey
will come up in one (lock. Bacon.

With horrid (hapes (he does her fons cxpofe,
Diftcnds iheir fwelling lips, iaijlats their nofe.

Creicb.

2. To make vapid.

An o«nge, lemon and apple, wrapt in a linen
cloth, bftng buried for a fortnight lour feet deep
within theeanh, though in a moift place and rainy
time, were become a litile harder than they were;
otherwife frelh m their colour, but iheir juice fome-
what failed. Bacon't Natural BiJIiry.

To Flat. t/. n.

1. To grow flat: oppofed to /ti»^//.

I-burnt it the fecorid time, and obferved the (kin
(brink, and the fwelling to fiat yet more than at
firtt. ; . Trw//f.

2. To render unanimated or evanid.

Nor arc conftant forms of prayer more likely to
fiat and hinder the fpirit of prayer and devotion,
than unpremeditated aod confufed variety to diftraft
' ' '' ■• A^/w^ Charles.

and lofe it.

With

Fla'tlonc. ad-v. [flat and /»»f.]
the flat downwards ; not edgewife.

What a blow was there given ?
—An it had fallcn/j//o;i^. Shakeff. Temfrfi.

FLA'TLY.tfi/T;. [from/to.]
t. Horizontally; without inclination.

■FLA

I, Without prominence or elevation.
3. Without fpirit; dully; frigidly.
1. Peremptorily; downright.

He in thefe wars hiifiatly refufed VaiA.Sidney.
Thereupon they fially difavouch
To yield him more obedience, or fupport. Daniel.

Dtijull, thou fay'rt.
Flatly unjuft, to bind with laws the free. Milton.

Not any interpreters allow it to be fpoken of fuch
z% fiaily deny the being of Cod; but of them that
believing his exiftence, fedude him frt)m diretiing
the world. BentUy.

Fla'tness. a. /. [from/<j/.]
I , Evennefs ; level extenfion.
z. Want of relief or prominence.

It appears fo very plain and uniform, that one
would think the coiner looked on the fiainefs of a
figure, as one of the gteateft beauties in fculpture.

Addifon on Mcdah.

3. Deadnefs; infipidity; vapidnefs.

Deadnefs or flatnifs in cyder is often occafioned
by the too free admiHion of air into the velTel.

Mar timer's Hu/bandry.

4. Dejeftion of fortune.

The emperor of RulTia was my father :
Oh, that he were alive, and here beholding
His daughter's trial ! itiat he did but fee
Tht fialm/t of my mifery I Shakeff. IVinter'i Tale.

5. Dejeftioh of mind; want of life; want
of fpirit.

How faft docs obfcurity, fiatnep, and impertinen-
cy flow in upon our meditations? 'Tis a difficult
taflc to talk to the purpofe, and to put life and per-
fpicuity into our difcouries. Collier.

6. Dulnefs; infipidity; frigidity.
Some of Homer's tranflators have fwelled into

fuftian, and others funk \r>lo fi at nefi. - Pcfe.

7. 7 he contrary to fhrillnefs or acutenefs of
found.

Take two faucers, and ftrike the edge of the one
againft the bottom of the other within a pail of
water, and you (hall find the found growetli more
6at, even while part of the fauccr is above the water ;
but ihitfiatnefi of found is joined with a harfhnefs.

Bacon.

ToFla'tten. -v. a. [flatir, French; from

1 . To make even or level, without promi-
nence or elevation.

2. To beat down to the ground.

If they (hould lie in it, and beat it down, or
fialten it, it will rife again. Mortimer's Ilu/landry.

3 . To make vapid.

4. To dcjed ; to deprefs ; to difpirit.
7» Fla'tten, 'u. n.
I. To grow even or level,
z. To grow dull and infipid.

Here joys that endure for ever, freih and in vigour,
are oppofcd to fatisfadions that are attended with
fatiety and furfeits, inifiatten in the very tailing.

L'Eftrargt.

Fla'tter. ». /. [from/<7/.] The work-
man or inftrument by which bodies are
flattened.
7'o FLA'TTER. -v. a. {flatter, French.]
:. To footh with praifes; to pleafe with
blandifliments ; to gratify with fervile
obfcquioufnefs; to gain by falfe compli-
ments.

When I tell him he hates flatterers.
He fays he does j being tlien modfiattered. Shak.

His nature is too noble for the world;
He would notfiatter Neptune for his trident.
Or Jove for'spower to thunder : his heart's his mouth;
What his breaft forges that his tongue mull vent.

Shakejpeare.

He that fiatterelh his neighbour, fpreadeth a net
for his feet. Prov.xxix. 5.

Hc^a/rrrfM himfcit' in his own eyes, until his
iniquity be found hateful. t"/- xxxvi. j.

After this way of flallering their willing bene-

FLA

faflors out of part, they contrived another of forcing
their unwilling neighbours out of all their pofTeflioos.

Decay ef fitly.

Averfe alike to_^ijr/rr or offend. fofe.

1 fcorn to Jlalier you or any man. Nevittn,

2. To praife falfely.
Flalter'd crimes of a licentious age.

Provoke our cenfure. Young.

3. To pleafe ; to footh. This fenfe \»
purely Gallick.

A confort of voices fupporring themfelves by their
different parts makes a harmony, pleaHnjIy tills the
ears and fiaticrs them. D'yden'i Dufrefnoy,

^. To raife falfe hopes.

He, always vacant, always amiable,
Hopes thee, oifiall'ring gales
Unmindful. Milton.

Fla'tterer. »./. [itom flatter,'] One who
flatters ; a fawner ; a whcedler ; one who
endeavours to gain favour by pleafipg
falfiiies.

When I tell him he I ^ '^fiallerers.
He fays Ive does; being II. n moft flattered. Sbak.
Some praifes proceed merely of flattery ; and if
he be an ordinary fialtirer, he will have certain
common attributes, which may ferve every man : if
he be a cunning fiatteret, he will follow the arch'
fiaitercr, which is a man's felf. But if he be an
impudent^j/rfrf, look wherein a man is confcious
to himfelt that he is moft defedlive, and is moft out
of countenance in himfelf, that will the fiattercr
entitle him to perforce. Bacon,

If we trom wealth to poverty dcfcend.
Want gives to k»ow ihefiaU'rer trom the friend.

DrydcH.
After treating her like a goddefs, the hufband ufes
her like a woman: what is (llll worfe, the moft ab-
]e&fiatlerers degenerate into the greatetl tyrants.

Addifon' s Guard i.ir..
The publick (liould know this: yet whoever goes
about to inform them, ftiall be cenfured for a fiar-
terer. Siuift.

Fla'ttery. ». /. [from flatter ; flatterie,
French.] Falfe praife; artful obfcquiouf-
nefs; adulation.
Minds, by nature great, are confcious of theirgreat-
nefs.
And hold it mean to borrow aught hamfiatlery.

Rowe,
Simple pride for fiati'ry makes demands. Pofe,

See how they beg an alms oifiattery !
They languifli, O! fupport them with a lye. Toung.
Fla'tttsh. aJ/. [from flat.] Somewhat
flat ; approaching to flatnefs.

Thefe are from three inches over to fix or feven»
and of ifialtijh (hape. tVoodtvard on Fajfils.

Fla'tulency. ». /. [frova flatulent.]

1, Windinefs; fulnefs of wind ; turgefcence
by wind confined.

Vegetable fubftances contain a great deal of air,^
which expands itfeif, producing all the diforders of
flatulency. Arbuthnol.

2. Eraptinefs ; vanity; levity; airinefs.
Whether moft of them are not the genuine deri-
vations of the hypolhefis they claim to, may be de-
termined by any that conlidei-s the ai.twi\ flaiulency
oi that airy fcheme of notions, Vlanuille.

FLA' rULENT.a<^'. [flatiilentusjiatut,h&l.]
I. Turgid with air; windy.

Peaie are mild and demulcent ; but being full of
aerial particles are flatulent, when dilTolved by di-
gcllion. Arbulhnot.

Flatulent tumours are fuch as ealily yield to the
prelTure of the Hnger; but readily return, by their
elafticity, to a tumid (late again. Sjiincy,

, Empty ; vain ; big without fubflance or
reality; puffy.

To talk of knowledge, from ihofe few indiftinA
reprefentations which are made to our gro(rer fjcul-
ties, is a fiatuleni vanity. Clanville'i Scepjis,

How m.iny of thefe flatulent writers have funic

in their reputation^ after fevea or eight editions of

their worlu, Drydtn.

FlAtco'sity,

FLA

FtATUo'siTT. ». /, [flatmate, Frtnch ;
from /a^«/, Latin.] Windinefsj fulnefs
of air.

The caufe is_^i/«(5/&y; for wind ftirr;d, movetli
to expel ; and all purgers have in them a raw fpirit
of wind, which is ihe priiKipal caufe of tenlion in
the ilomach and beliy. Bacon.

Fla'tuous. adj. [from flatiu, Latin.]
Windy ; full of wind.

Rkubarb In the llomach, in a fmall quanity, dcrh
digctt and overcome, bein^ iv^xJlaluQus nor loath-
fouie \ ar.J To I'cudeth it to the mclcnteiy veins, and,
being jpcjing, it hclpcth down urine. bacon

FLA'TUS. n. f. [Latin.] Wind gathered
in any cavities of the body, caufed by
indigeilicn and a grofs internal perfpi-
ration ; which is therefore difcuded by
warm aromatic.'.s. i^ncy.

'FL^'TWlit,al!j. [/«/ and wife.- foitfhouM
be written, not faKvays.} With the fiat
downwards ; not the edge.

Its pofturc in the earth was Jai'a/i/i, and parallel
to the fiteol iheftutumia which it was repomc4.

ffMlward on Foffils.

To Fl A U N T. -v. n.

1 . To make a fluttering (hew in apparel.

With ivy canopy'dj and interwove
yi'whfiaunting honeyiuckle. Milton,

Theft courtiers ot ap^laufe deny the mfelves things
convenient to ^jkM it out, being frequently enough
fain 10 immolate their own defires to their vanity.

koylt.

Herer attir'd beyond our purfe, y-t go,
ToFufelefs ornament ini flaunting ftjow :
We take on truft, in purple robes to (hint.
And poor, are yet ambitious to be fine. Dryien,

Vou fot, you loner about alehoules, at flaunt about
the ftreets in your new-guilt chariot, never minding
me nor your numerous family. Aibuthrt:ii.

2. To be hung with fomething loofc and
flying. 'J his fee ms not to be proper :
the words Jiaunt a-a^ flutttr might with
more propriety have changed their places

Fortune in men has fome fmall difference made;
Ontflatnii in rags, one flutters in brocade. ycpf.
FtAuNT. n./. Any thing loofe and airy.
How would he look to fee his work fo noble,
WilJly bound up, what would he fay! or how
Should I in theic my borrow'd_/?jj(»/f behold
The ftemoeft of his prefence 1 Hbalteh

FL.VVOUR. «./. ■"^'

1. Power of pleafing the tafte.

They have a certain_^af->«rr, at their firft appear-
ance, tiom fevcral accidental circumltances, which
Ihcy may lofe, it not taken early. Addijon't Sfta.

2. Swcetnefs to the fmell; odour; fragrance.

Myrtle, orange, and the blufhing rofe.
With bending heaps, fo nigh their bloom difclofe.
Each feemi to fmell the flavour which the other

_ , '''o""- DryJcn.

Fla vorous. ad), [frorayfaojca;-,

!► Delightful ttj the palate.

Sweet grapes degcu'rate there, and fruits dedin'd
From their iMflav'roui taftt, renounce their kind.

Dryden,

2. Fragrant; odorous.

FLAW. n.j. [^A«'* to break ; ploh, Saxon,

a garment.]
I. A crack or breach in anything.

This heart (hall break into a Ihoufand flav.<i

si" ! ""P- Sbaltrff cart's King Leaf.

Wool, new-(horn, being laid cifually upon a vedel
of vcijuice, after fome time had drunk up a great
part of the verjuice, though the veffel were whole,
wiifaoul m^flaiu and had not the bunjhole open.

,_ - , . Bacon'i Natural HiJI.ry.

We found It CTceeding difficult to keep out the
»ir from getting in at any imperceptible hole otflaiu.

kflatv is in thy ill-bak'd veflel found : ^ ''

'Tu hollow, and ictuiat » jarting found. Dryden.

FLA

As if great Atlas, from his height,'

Should fink beneath his heavenly weight}
And with a mighty _/jw the tiaming wall, as once

itihall.
Should gape iinmenfe, and rufhing down, o'erwhelm

this nether ball. Dryden.

Whether the nymph (hall break Diana's law.
Or fome frail China-jarreceive a^.j^'. Pofc.

He that would keep his houfe in repair, muft
attend every little breach or yKitti, and fupply it im-
mediately, elfe time alone will bring all to ruin. Stiift.

z. A fault ; defeft ; fomething that weakens
or invalidates.

Yet certain though it be, it hath^awr; for that
the fcrivcners and brokers do value unfound men to
ferve their own turn. Bacon's Ejfays.

Tr.iditions were a proof alone.

Could we be ccrtjin fuch they were, fo known :
But lince hmtflaws in long deicenu may be,
Tliey make not truth, but probability. Dryden.

And laid her dowry out in law.
To nuil her jointure wirh tflaiu. Hudiiras.

Their judgment has fouTid a flaiv in what the ge-
nerality of mankind admires. Addi/on's Sfeaaior.

So aunyflaivshad this vow in its nrfl conception.

Atierimy.

3. A fudden guft ; a violent blaft. [from
flo, Latin.] Obfoletc.

Being iiicens'd, he's flint ;
As humourous as Winter, and as fudden
As^awrcongealedthefpringofday. Shalt. Hen. IV.
Oh, that that earth, which kept theworld in awe.
Should patch a wall, t'ejtpel the Winrer'sjAiw.

Slait/feare' i Hamlet,
As a huge fifh, laid
Near to the cold weed-gathering Ihore, is with a

noTX'nflaiu fraid.
Shoots back ; fo, fcnt againll the ground,
Was foii'd Eurialui. Chapman's Iliad.

Bunting their brazen dungeon, arm'd with ice,
And fnow, and hail, and flormy guft, iaiflav,
Boreas, and Caccias, and Arpelles loud.
And Thralcias rend the woods, and feaj upturn.

Milt en.
I heard the rack.
As earth aod Iky would mingle ; but myfelf
Was diltant ; and ihefe flav/s, though mortals feat

them.
As dangerous to the pillar'd frame of heav'n.
Or to the earth's dark bMis underneath.
Are to the mam inconfiderable. Milton's far. Loft.

4. A tumult ; a tempeftuous uproar.

And this fell tempclt Ihallnol ceafe torage.
Until the golden circuit on my head
1)d calm. the tuiy of this madbMiu'd^faw. Saakefp.

The fort's revolted to the emperor.
The gates are open'd, the portcullis drawn,
And deluges of armies from the town
Came pouring in , ] heard the mighty^wj
When hrft it broke, the crowding cnlignsfaw
Which choak'd thepalTage. Drydcn's Aurengxebe.

5. A fudden commotion of mind.
Oh thefejftstfr and ftartj,

Impoftors to true tear, would become
A woman's (lory at a Winter's fire. Shake. Macbeth.
To Flaw, f, a. [fronj the noun.]
J. Jo break; to crack ; to damage with
fiflurc.

But his_^a^'(/heart.
Alack, too weak thecontlirt tofupport,
' Twixt twoeitremct of palfion, joy and grief,
Burll fmilingly. ShakeJpeare'sKi„g Lear,

the CUD wiiflatved wiih fuch a multitude ol
little cracks, th»t it look, hke a white, not like a
cryftalline cup. ^'y^A-.

The braien cauldrons with the frofts atcflatu'd,
The garment ftiti with ICC, at hearths istluw'd.
rr- Dryden.

2. To break ; to violate. Out of ufe.

France huhflaxu'dihi league, and hath attach'd
Our merchant's goods. Sbake/peare'i Henry V 1 1 1 .
Fla'wl.ss. adj. \(TomJiav;.] Without
cracks; without defedts.

A (lar of the firft magnitude, which the more
high, more vaft, and more fla-wlrfs, (hines only
Irigitt enough to maiLe itf«lf confpicuoui. Boyle,

4

FL E

Flawn. »,/. [plena, Saxon ; ^« French ;

•f/ff>'<', Dtitch.] A fort of cuftard ; a pie

baked in a difh.

Kill oven full oiflavms, Ginny pafs not for flcep, .
To-morrowthy fatherhis w.ike-day will keep. Tuffir,
To Fla'wter. 1: a. To fcrape or p.Vre a
_ Jkin. Ain/ivorth.

Fla'wy. adj, [^Tomflaiu,'] Full of flaws.
FLAX. ». /. [pleax, plex, Saxon; I'las,

Dutch.]

1. The fibrous plant of which the fineft-
thread is made.

2. 7 he fibres of flax cleanfed and combed for
the fpinner.

I'll fetch fome_^ajr, and whites ofeggs,
T' apply to's bleeding face. Shake/f. King Lear.

Then on the rock a fcanty meafure place j
Of vital j?jji-, and turn'd the wheel apace,
And turning fuiig. Dryden't Ovid.

I-LAx'coMB. ». /. [flax and comb.] The
inftrument with which the fibres of flax
are cleanfed from the brittle parts.
Fla'xdresser, ».y; [fax m<li dre/s.l He

that prepares flax for the fpinner.
Fla'xen. adj. [from/ff;r.]

1 . Made of flax.

The matron, at her nightly tafk,.
With penlive labour draws the_/?a;tf» thread.

Tbomfon'sH'lnter.

The belt materials for making ligatuccs are the

flaxen thread thar flioemakers ufe. Sharp's Stirgtry.

2. Fair, long, and flowing, as if made of
flax.

I bought a hit flaxen long wig. Addiftn.

Fla'xweed. »./, A plant.
TffFLAY. 1;. a. [adfaa.iaandicki/afi
Danilh ; 'v/aert, Dutch.]

1. To ftrip off the fliin.
I muft have been eaten with wild hearts, or havt

fillcn into the hands of the Spaniards, and been
flayed lYive. Raleigh.

WhiKt the old levitical hicrachy continued, it-
was part of the miniftetial office toflay the facritices.

South.
Then give command the facrifice to hafte ;
Ixl theflay'd viflims in the plains be cart ;
And facred vows, and rayrtick fong, apoly'd
To grilly Plu«o and hisgloomy bride. Pope's Odyjpy,

2. To take off the ikin or furfacc of an/
thing.

They flay their (kin from. oflT them, break their
bones, and chop them in pieces. . Mac.

Neither (hould that odious cuftom be allowed of
cutting fctaws, which itflaying off the green furface
of the ground, to cover their cabins. Svi/l.

FlaVer, ». /. [from/rty.] He that ftrips.

off the Ikin of any thing.
FLEA.w./. [plea, Saxon; t'/oyt. Diitch;,
Jeacf), Scottifti. A fmall red infeft re-
markable for its agility in leaping, which'
fucks the blood of larger animals.

While wormwood hath feed, get a handful or twain,-
To five agajiift March to m:ikCji?rj to refrain :
Where chamber is fweeped and wormwood is (Irown,
'Soflea for his life dare abide tobcknown. Tvjfcr.

A valiant jfea that dares eat his brcakfafton the
lip of a lion. SBalefpcire's Henry V. .

Fleas breed principally of llraw or mats, where
there hath been a little moilturc. Bacon's Nat. lift.

To Fi, ea. 1). a. [from the noun.] To clean
from fleas.

Fli'abane. It./, [/fz-fl and ia»<>.] A planf.
It hath undivided leaves, which, for the muft
part, are g uiinous, and have a ftrong fccnt : the
cup of the flower is for the mod part fcaly, and of a
cylindrical lorm : the (lower is compofed of many
florets, which are fticceeded-by feeds with a downy
fubftance adhering to them. MilUr.

Fle'abu E. I , r J. % t ■ 1

FLL'ABiT.NO, }»•/•!:>» ""'I ^''^-3

I. Red

F LT

2. -Not rigid; nbt inexorable;, complying;
obfequious.

Phocvon wis a m»n of great (aatity, and no
yttfi JlexibU la ihe ttillof the pfople. Harm,

3. DuAile; manageable. i ' . '
' Unier whofe v^ foeyer a chiU is pu« to be

taught, during the tender and Jiexiblc years of hi'
life, it Ihould be one who thinks Latin and lan-
guage the leaft part of education. Lxke.

4. That may be accommodated to various
forms and purpofes.

This was a piiuciplc mxmfltxibU to their purpofe .

Rogers,

Fw'xi Bt E K E««., n. f, [itQVaJlexible. ]

1. Poffibility to be bent^ not brittlcnefs;
eafinefs to be bent ; not ftiffnefs ; pliant-
nefs; pliancy. ,

I will rathei chOofe to wear » crown of thorns,
than to exchange that of gold for one of lead,
whofe cmhiiei^fXli/eiffs Ihall be forced to bend.

Xing Charles.

Keep thofe (lender aerial bodies feparated and

ftretchcd out, which othcrwifc, by reafon of their

fiexihler.ejs and weight, would flag or curl. Vsyh.

.2. Facility ; obfequioufnefs ; compliance.

\. Duftillty; manageablenefs,

t\ii fiexlblenffs of the former part of a man's age,
not yet grown up to be headftrong, makes it more
governable. Lacic.

fLE'xiLE. adj. \flexilis, Latin.] Pliant;
eafily bent ; obfequious to any power or
impulfe.

E very^i-AT/'A , wave
Obeys the bUft, th' aerial tumult fwells. Ibomjon.

Fi.e'xion. n.f. [fiexio, Latin.]

1 . The aft of bending.

2. A double; a bending ; part bent; joint.

Of a finuous pipe that may have fome io\i\ Jlexiotn^
trial would be made. Bacin's Natural Hijiory.

3. A turn towards any part or quarter.

Pity caufeth fomeiimes tears, and ^flexion or caft
of the eye afide. Bacon* s Natural HiJiory.

ILE'XOR. tt. /. [Latin.] The general
name of the raufcles which aft in con-
trafting the joints.

Flatterers who have the flexor mufclcs fo ftrong
that they are always bowing and cringing, might
in fome meafure be correAed by being tied down
upon a tree by the back. Ariulbnot,

.Fle'xuous. aiij. \flexuofm, Latin.]

1. Winding; full of turns and meanders;
tortuous.

In regard to the foul, the numeroui and crooked

narrow cranies, and the retrained flexuous rivulets

.of corporeal things, are all contempiiblc. Digby,

2. Bending; not ftraight; variable; not
/ fteady.

The trembling of a candle difcovers a wind, that

•thcrwife wc did not feel \ and the flfxuous burning

of flatncs doth (hew the air beginoctl] to be untjuict.

Bacon's Natural HiJlory.

!Fle'xoiib. «./. [fexura, Latin.]

.J. The form or direction in which any

thing is bent.

Qontrary is ihe _/f.rx»rf of the joints of our arms
and legs to that of quadrupeds : our knees bend for-
ward, whereas the fame joint ul theit hind legs
bendsbackward. Ray,

2. The aift of bending.

The elephant hathjoints, but none forcourtefy;
His tegs are for ncceflity, not flexure, iybaktfp.

3. The pan bent ; the joint.

Hs mi?hiy firen.'h lies m his able loins,
And when: il.cfl.xure oi liis navel joins. SanJys,

4. Obfequious or fervile cringe. Not
ufed.

Think'ft thou the Scry fever will go out
Wi'h Miles blown from adulation ?
Will give place \o flexure and iow bends ? Sb. Hen.V.

To Ftl'CKEa. *. a. [flisheren, Dutch;

•> F L I

j:liccenian, Saxon.J To flutter; to play
the vvings; to have a fluttering motion.

The wreath of radiant fire,
Onfl'tckfring Phabus' front. Shakeff, King Lear.

' Twas ebbing darkncfs, paft the mid' of night,
And Phofpher, on the conSiics of the light,
Promis'd the fun, ere day began to fpring;
Jhe tunejful lark i(lie>idy ftretch'd her wing,
Aaiflkk'riitg on her neft made Ihort e(fay» to ling.

Drydeit.
At all her ftretch her little wings fhe fpread,
And with her feather'd arms embrac'J the dead;
"fata flickering to his pallid lips (he drove
To print a kifs, the Ia(t cITay of love. Dryjen.

Fli'er. 71. /.{(torn [fly. ]

1. One that run»a,w»/j s^ fugitive; a tun^

away. ,,-. . , ,1 .. ; I

The gates ate ope, now provegood feconds ;
'Tis for the followers fortune widens them.
Not for ihcflitrs. Stake/)). Coriulanus.

Now thefliirs from and forfakers of llieit places,
carry the parliamenury power along with them.

King Charles.

2. That part of a machine ^hich, by be-
ing put into a more rapid motion than
the other parts, equalizes and regulates
the motion of the reft ; as in a jack.

Tht flier, tho't had leaden feet,
Turn'd fo quick, you fcarce could fee't, S'U-iJ't,

Flight, a. J. [from To^y.]

1. The adt of flying or running from
danger.

And now, too late, he wilhes for the fight.
That Itrcngih he waded in i^nohltfligbt. Dcnham.

He think;, hyfligbt his mitlrtfsmult be won,
And claims the priie becaufe he beft did run. Dryii.

As eager of the chace, the maid
Beyond the fbreft's verdant limits ftray'd;
Pan faw and lovM, and burning with delirc,
Purfu'd htr flight, hex flight increas'd his lire. Pofe.

2. The aft of ufing wings ; volation.

For he fo fwift, fo nimble was oi flight.
That from his lower traft he dar'd to fly

Up to the clouds, and thence with pinions light
To mount aloft unto the cryllal (ky. Sfenfer.

The fury fprang above the Stj-gian flood ;
And on her wicker wings, fublime through night,
She to the Latian palace took hit flight. Dryd. j^n.

Winds that tempelb brew.
When through Arabian groves they take their_^;gi/.
Made wanton with rich odours, lofe their fpite.

Drydex.

3. Removed from place to place by means
of wings.

Ere the bat hath flown
His cloyfter'd//gA/. Shakeff. Macbeth.

The fowls (hall take t.)at\{ flight away together.

2 Ej'dt. V. 6.
Fowls, by winter forc'd, forfake the floods.
And wing their hMy flight to happier lands. Dryden,

4. A flock of birds flying together.

Flights of angels wing thee to thy re(t. Shakrfp.

They lake great pride in the feathers of birds, and
this ihey look from their ancellorsof the mountains,
who were invited into it by the infinite _/?.']g;/'^t of
birds that came up to the hi;h grounds. Bacon.

1 can at will, doubt not.
Command a table in this wildemefs ;
And call (vj\U flights of angels rainiftranf,
Array'd in glory, on my cup t' attend. Milton.

5. The birds produced in the fame fcafon :
as, the harvefty?/^^/ of pigeons.

6. A volley ; a (hower; as much (hot as is
difcharged at pnce.

At the kr^ flight of arrows fent.
Full Ihrecfcorc Scots they (lew. Chevy Chafe.

Above an hundred arrows difcharged on my left
hand, pricked me like fo many needles ; and be-
fidet they (hot anoiher flight into the air, as we do
bombs. Swift.

7. The fpace paft by flying.

8. Heat of imagination; (ally of the foul.

Old Pindar's7?i^i/.i by him are reacht,
When 00 that gale bii wings *re Atctcbt, Dtnbem,

F L I

He (hewed all the (Ireich of fancy At ohm; aod if

he has failed in fome of \\\iflighti, it was becaufe

he attempted every thing. Poj^e,

Strange graces ftill, andflrat^erjf/gi/* (he had;

Was jull not ugly, and wa« juft nol mad. Pofe.

Trufl me, dear ! good humour can prevail.
When airs ani flights, and (creams and fcolding fail.

I'ofe.
g. Excurfion on the wing.

U there were any certain height where the
flights of ambition end, one might imagine that
the inierefts of France were but to conferveitsprefent
grcatnefs. 'Temple,

It is not only the utmoft pitch of impiety, but
the Ki^heH flight of folly, to deride thefe thiflgj.

TiJlolfoH..

10. The power of flying.

In my fchool-days, wheil I had loft one (hafr,

I fliot his fellow of the felf-fame_^/^4;

The felf-fame way. Shakeff eartt

Fli'ghtly. ailj. {(xom fight. "[
1. Fleeting; fwift.

Time, thou aotlcipal'ft my dread exploits :
Thcfl^ghtJy purpofe never is o'crtook,
Unlefs the deed go with it. Shakeff. Alacbetb,

z. Wild; full of imagination.
Fli'msy. tiJj, [Of this word I know not
any original, and fufpoft it to have crept
into our language from the cant of ma-
nufafturers.]
I. Weak; feeble; without ftrength of tex-
ture,
z. Mean; fpiritlefs; without force.

Proud of a va(t extent of flintfy (incs. Pofe.

•To Flinch, ■v. «. [corrupted {torn fling.
Skinner.^

1. To (brink from any fuffering or un-
dertaking; to withdraw from any pain or
danger.

Every marlyr could keep one eye fteadily fixed
upon immortality, and look death and danger out
of countenance with the other; nor did they J?/w/>
from duty, for fear of martyrdom. Soulh's Serm.

A child, by a conflant coL-rfe of unkindnefs, may
be accuflomed to bear v;ry rojgh ufage without
flinching or complaining. L'^cke.

Oh ingratitude, that John Bull,' whom I have
honoured with my friendlhip, ihould flinch at laft,
and pretend that he can ditburli: no more money.

Arbuthnot's Hiflory of John Bull,

2, la Shake/peare it fignifies to fail.

If I break time, os flinch in property
Of what i f[>oke, unpitied let me die. Shakeff.

Fli'ncher. ». /. [from the verb.] He
who (brinks or fails in any matter.

To FLING, preter. flung; part, flung or
Jhng. 'V. a. [from _/?/fo, Latin, Skinner:
according to others from flying; fo to
fling is lof'et flying.']

1. To caft from the hand; to throw.

The matrons_/?»«^ their gloves,
I.adies and maids their l«arfs and handkerchiefs
Upon him. ' Shakeff eare' s Corinlanut.

'I'is fate xhiX flings the dice j and as (he flings
Of kings makes pealants, and of peafants Icings.

Dryden.

2. To dart; to caft with violence.

How much unlike that Heftor who return'd
Clad in Achilles' fpoils; when he, among
A ihoufand (hips, hkejove, his iightning^KJr^.

Deithant,

3. To fcatter.

Ev'ry beam new tranfient coburr._^/ff^r.
Colours that change whene'er they wave their wings,

Pofe.

4. To drive by violence.

A heap of rocks, falling, would expel the waters
out of their places with fuch a violence as to fling
them among the highell clouds. Burnet's Theory.

5. To move forcibly.

The knight feting his habitation reduced to fo
fmajl 4 corapafs, oidCKd all his apartments to be
flun% ojien. Addifon't SfeOator.

6. T

F L I

6. To caft : in an ill fenfe.

I know thy gen'rous temp«r :
Fling but the appearance of dilhonour on it,
It ftraight takes lire. Addifon't Cats.

7. To force into another condition, pro-
bably into a worie.

Squalid fortune, into hifentUJloig,
Doth fcom the pride of wonted ornaments. Sfen/tr.

8. To YhXtiC trway. To ejeft ; to difmifs.

Cromwell, 1 charge thee, Jliitg a-aay ambition ;
By that fin fell the angels. Shake/peart.

9. To Fling dtmiti. To demolilh; to ruin.

Thefe are fo far from raifing mountains, that
they overturn and flitg dnun feme of thofe which
»vere before Handing. H'ood-ward.

to. To FLitic off. To baffle in the chace ;
to defeat of a prey.

Thefe men are too well acquainted with the chace
to be fluKr ojfby any falfe fteps or doubles.

■> ^ ■" ' ' Mdifon'tSptamtor,

To Fling, i/. «r.

1 , To flounce ; to wince ; to fly into vio-
lent and irregular motions.

The angry bead
Began to kick, and fliig, »nJ wince,
As if W had been belide his fenfe. Hudlirai.

Their confciences are galled by it, and this makes
them wince aaijlixg as if they had fome mettle.

Tillai/on.

2. To Fling tut. To grow unruly or out-
rageous : from the att of any angry horfe
that throws out his legs.

Duncan's horfes,
Turr'd wild in nature, broke their ftaU!,/<"'g out.
Contending 'i;ain(l obedience. Sbakejfearc.

Fling, n. J. [from the verb.]

I . A throw ; a caft,

z. A gibe; a fneer, a contemptuous remark.

No little fcribbler is of wit fo bare,
But has Wiijiing at the poor wedded pair. Adiifon,

I, who love to have ^ftitg
Both at fenate-houfe and king.
Thought no method more eommodioui
Than to Ihew their vices odious. Svi'ft.

Fli'ncer. ». /. [from the verb.]

1. He who throws.

2. He who jeers.

FLINT. »./. [clinr, Saxon.]

1. A femi-peliucid Hone, compofad of
cryftal debafed, of a blackilh grey, of
one fimilar and equal fubftance, free from
veins, and naturally invefted with a
whiti(h cruft. It is fometimcs fmooth
and equal, more freq^uently rough : -its
fr/.e is various. It is well known to
ftrike fire with ftcel. It is ufeful in glaff-
making. Hill on FoJJlli.

Searching th< window for a^/a/, I found
This paper. Sbakcfpeare^j jfuilui Cafar.

Love m'-lis the rigour which the rocks have bred ;
fif:i:i will break upon a featlicrbed. ClcaziUvJ.
There* is tlie fame force and the fame rclrclliiiig
vinuc in fire kindled by a fpark from a Jl'mt, as if
it wert kindled by a beam from the fun.

Scjuti't Sfrmens.
Take (bit, and Uj jaoTjfini edg'd weapon by.

Dtyde».
I'll fetch quick fuel from the neighb'ring wood.
And fltike the fparkling_/?;Vi/, and drefs the food.

Prior.

2. Any thing eminently or proverbially
hard.

Your tean, a heart o(^iiti
Might tender make. Sfinfcr.

Throw my heart
Againrt \Sv-Jlini and hardnefs of my fault. iihak,

Fli'nty. adj. [fromy?/«/.]

I. Made of flint; ftrong.
Tyrant cuClom
Hath made x\\tfiinly and fteel couch of war
My ihrice-Jriven bed of down. Hhakefp. Oibtllo.

Vol. I.

F L I

A pointed J?/*/)! rock, all bare and black.
Grew cibbous from behind the mountain's back.

^ D,jdc«.

2. Full of (tones.

The gathering up of flints \n Jllnty ground, and
laying them on heaps, is no good hulbandry.

Bacon's Natural Uijliry.

3. Hard of heart; cruel; favage; inexorable.

Gratitude,
Through 7y/«/;> Tartar's bofom, would peep forth.
And anfwcr thanks. Sbakrffeari.

Flipp. »./. [A cant word.] A liquor
much ufed in fliips, made by mixing beer
with fpirits and fugar.

The tarpawlin and Iwabber is lolling at Mada-
gafcar, with fome drunken funburnt whore, over a
can o(J!if. Dennis.

Fli'ppant. a^'. [A word of no great au-
thority, probably derived ftotnJiip-Jiap.'\

1. Nimble; moveable. It is ufed only of
the aft of fpeech.

An excellent anatomift promifed to diffeft a wo-
man's tongue, and examine whether there may not
be in it certain juices, which render it fo wonder-
fully voluble or ^//>/)u»r. AJdifon.

2. Pert; petulant; waggifli.

Away vi\[hjlifl>ant epilogues. Tbomjin.

Fli'ppantlv. adv. [from the adjeflive.]

In a flowing prating way.
To FLIRT, w. a. \iikmner thinks it formed

from the found.]

1 . To throw any thing with a quick elaf-
tick motion.

Dick the fcavenger
flirts from his cart the mcd ia Walpole's face,

Sivifl.

2. To move with qoicknefs.

Permit fome h.ippier man
To kifs your hand, ox flirt your fan. Dorftt.

To Flirt, -k. v.

I. To jeer; to gibe at one.

z. To run about perpetually; to be un-

fteady and fluttering.
Flirt. »./. [from the verb.]

1. A quick elaftick motion.

In unfurling the tan arc fevcral little ^/V/r and
vibtations, as alfo gradual and deliberate openings.
AddiJ'on's SftCtator.

Before yoti pafs th' imaginary fights
While the fpread fan o'erlhade* your clofingeyes.
Then give one flirt, and all the vilion 8ic«. I'ufc.

2. A fudden trick.

Have licence to play.
At the hedge a flirt, ,

For a lliter or a (hitt. Bits Jtinfotfx Cyfjtes.

3. A pert young hufley.

Scurvy knave, I am none of hisT^rr/ gills; I am
none of his Ikains males. SbakiffCiirc.

Several yo\in% flint sbout town had a defign to
call us out of the talliionable world. AdJijon.

Fi irta'tion. »./. [from _/?/>/.] A quick
fprightly motion. A cant word among
women.

A mullin flounce, made very full, would give a
very i%\cziti\tflirtaiibn air. P.>pc.

To Fi IT. -v. n. [from To fleet; or from
flitttr, Danilh, to remove.]

1 . To fly away.

I.ikeft it fccmeth, in my fimple wif,
IJnio the fait funlhine in Summer's <lay.
That when a dreadful ftonn away \i flit.
Through the broad world doth fpread hisgoodly ray.

apitijcr.

2. To remove j to migrate. In Scotland it
is ftill ufed for removing from one place
to another at quarterday, or the ufusl
term.

His fnidging gholl did Orivc
With the frail flclh ; at laft 11 flitted is,

IWbiilwt the fojls do die of meu tliat live amifs.
. I'airy ^ueeii.

F L O

SoliarJly he the flitted life doe* win.

Unto her native prifon to return. Fairy Queen.,

It became a received opinion, that the fouls of

men, departing this life, did flit out of bne body

into fome other. Hooker.

3. To flutter; to rove on the wing.

He made a glancing Ihot, and mifs'd the dovej,-
Vet mifs'd lb narrow, that he cut the cord
Which farten'd, by the foot, the flitting bird.

Dryden'i .tSir.

Fear the j lift gods, and think of Scylla's fate!
Chang'd to a bird, and fcnt to flit in air. Pope.

4. To be flux or unliable.

Himfelf uphigh he lifted from the ground.
And with rtrong flight did forcibly divide
The yielding air, which nigh too feeble found
Her flitting parts, and clement unfound.

Fairy S^ueen.

He ftopt at once the palTage of his wind.
And the fi-ce foul to fliltivg air refign'd. Drydcn.

f LIT. adj. [from y&f/.J Swift ; nimble ;
quick. Not in nfe.

And in his hand two darts exceeding ^.V,
And deadly lli3r[->, he held ; whofe heads were dight.
In poifon and in blood, of malice and defpighr.

F.iiry S^een.

Flitch. ». /. [phcce, Saxon; flycke,
Danilh ; Jleche, foche, French, Skinner,\
The fide of a hog falted and cured.

But hcktofore 'twas thought a fumptuous feaft.
On birthdays, feflivals, or days of ftate,
A fait ix^j flitcb of bacon to prepare ;
If they had frelh meat, 'twas delicious fare.

Dryden*s jjuv.
While he from out the chimney took
A_;?/Vf £ of bacoti oil' the hook.
Cut out large dices to be fry'd. S'wift.

He fometimes accompanies the prefcnt with a
flitcb of bacon- Addifon.

Fli'ttermouse. ». /. \jvefpertilio ; from
fit and mou/e.] The bat ; the winged
moufe.
Fli'ttinc. It,/. [pUt, Saxon, fcandal.]
An offence ; a fault; a failure; a defert.

Thou tellell my fliltings, put my tears into thy
bottle. P/al.

Flix. ». /. [eorrupted from flax.]
Down ; fur ; (oft hair.

With bis loll'd tongue he faintly licks his prey;
His warm breath blows her flix up as (he lies:
She trembling creeps upon the ground away.
And looks back to him with beleeching eyes.

Drydeis, ■
Fli'xwood. ft,/. A plant.
To FLOAT, -v. ft, [flotier, French.]

1. To fwim on the furface of the water.

When the fea was calm, all boats alike
Shew'd mallerlhip in fl'^ating. Sbak/p.

The ark no more now_^5tfrr, but fcems on ground,
Faft on the top of fome high mountain fix'd.

Milton.

That men, being drowned and funk, io float the

ninth day, when their gall breaketh, are popular

aflirmatious. Bro%un.

Three bluft'ring nights, borne by the fouthern blaify

\floatcd\ and difcovcr'd land at lafl . Dryden.

His roiy wreath was dropt not long before.
Borne by the tide of wine, mi floating on the floor.

Dryden,
On frothy billows thoufands^oa/ the fiream.
In cumb'rous null. Pbilips.

Carp are very apt to float away with frclh water-

Mortimer*

2. To move without labour in a fluid.

Wh.it divine monllcrs, O ycgods, wt:rc thefe
That^&<ir in air, and fly upon the fea"; ! Dryden.

Swift they deltend, with wine to wing conjom'd,
Stretcfi their broad plumes, andflo.it upon the wind.

Pope.

3. To pafs with a light irregular courfe:
perhaps miflaken for fleet or flee.

Fla,tting villous m.ikc not deep imprcflions enough
to leave ill the mind dear, diliinO, laiting ideas.

Locke,

5 G To

FLO

7» Float, "v. ff. To covet with water.

Proud Piftolus/co/i the fruitful lands,
And leaves a rich manure ofgoljtn Uais,

Drydtn's JEn.

Venice looki, at a diftanc*, like a great town

YMfliatid by a deluge. Adiijon on liuly.

'Now fmoalc$ with Ihow'rs the jaiftjf mounuin-

groundi

KsAfioaui fields lie undidinguilh'd round. roft.

The vaft parterres a ihoufand hands Ihall make;
Lo ' Cobhun comes, iaijMit them with a lake.

Pope.

Float. »./. [from the Tcrb.]

1. The aa of flowing; the flux; the con-
trary to the ebb. A fenfe now out of ufe.

Our truft in the Almighty is, that with us con-
tentions are now at their higlieft fial. Haottr.

There is fome difpofiiion of bodies to rotation,
particularly from Eaft to Weft; of which kind we
conceive the main _/fofl/ and refloat ol the I'ci is,
which is by confent of the uoiverfe, as part of the
diurnal motion. Bmok's Nat. Hiji.

2. Anybody fo contrived or formed as to
fwim upon the water.

They took it for a (hip, and, as it came nearer,
for a boat ; but it proved iJiMi of weeds and rulhes.

L'Efiiungc.

A paffage for the weary people make ;
With odci JIaJi' the Handing water ftrow,
tH mafly ftones make bridges, if it flow. Dryden.

3. The cork or quill by which the angler
difcovers the bite of a fi(h.

You will find this to be a very choice bait, fome-
limcs cafting a little of it into the place where your
fcai fwims. H'ulton.

i; A cant word for a level.

Banks are mcafurcd by the foat or floor, which
is eighteen foot fquare and one deep. _ Mortimer.

Flo aty. adj. Buoyant and fwimming on
the furface.

The hindrance to ftay well is the extreme length
of a (hip, efoecially if (he htfoatj, and want Iharp-
nefs of way forwards. Rjlcigh.

FLOCK, n. /. [plocc, Saxon.]

1. A company; ufually a company of birds
or beads.

She that hath a heart of that fine frame.
To pay this debt of love but to a brother.
How will the love when the rich golden (haft
Hath kill'd the /ii/t of all alTeaions elfe
That live in her. SLaki/p. T-welfib Nigbl.

2. A comp.my of (heep, diftinguilhed from
herds, which arc of oxen.

The cattle ia the (Sclds, and meadows green,
Thofc rare and folitary ; thefe \njl'.cks
I'ailuriDg at once, and in broad herds uiifprung.

MlltoK.

France has a (liccp by her, to (hew that the riches
of the countrj- contadsd cbieSy injiocki and pailu-
rage. Aadijtjn.

3. A body of men.

The hejthen that had fled outoljudea came to
Nicanor by flocks. y Mjc. xiv. 14.

4. [Kromyifc<Ttti."l A lock of wool.

A houfe well-furiii(h'd (hall be thine to keep;
And, for tfioik Ms * i:«n ''««'■ n»Jf "kT-

Dryden.

T» Flock, t-. n. [from the noun. J To
gather in crowds or large numbers.

Many young genilcmen flock to him every day,
and fleet ihc time carclcll}. Shakfj'fear<.

V'pon the return of the 3mba(r.tdors, the poor of
all (oiaflockid together to the great matter's houfe.

Knoliei^i Hi fiery ,

Others ran Jl'^cking out of their houfes to the gc-
neial I'upplicaiion. aA/jc, iii, 18.

Stilpo, when the people flocked about him, and
that one faid, TJie people coitic wondering about
you, as if it were to fee fome Grange bealt ; no,
laith he, it is to lee a man which Diogenes fought
with his lanthorn at noon-day. Hacon.

Secin!! the fpints fwellin? the nerves caufe ihe
arm's motion, upon its iclillance they Jiock from
oUicr (.atu ol the bod^ 10 ovcfwmt it. J->'S^J-

FLO

The witj of the town came thither ;
'Twas ftrange to fee how ihnyflxk'd togetftef {
Each ftrongly confident of his own way.
Thought to gain the laurel that day. 9uekl!rrg.

Friends daily_^cr*. Drjden't Mn

The Trojan youth about the captive_^c*,
To wonder, or to pity, or to mock. Denbam.

People do not Jljck to courts fo much for their
majefties fervice, as for makmg their fortunes.

L'Eflrange.

To Flog. %: a. [from flarrum, l^atin.]
Tolafli; to whip; tochaftife.
Th» fchoolmafler's joy is loflog. Svift.

Flong. farticip. faffinje. From Ta fling,

ufed by Spenfer.
FLOOD, v.f. [plob, Saxon ; Jtot, French.]
J . A body of water ; the fea ; a river.

What need the bridge much broader than the
food. ahakefpeare.

His dominion (hall be alfo from the one fea to
the other, and from the^O'ii/unto the world's end.

P/alm Ixxii. 8.
Or thence from Ki^erflood unto Atlas mount.
The kingdoms of Almaniot, Fei, and Sus. Milton.

All dwellings elfe
/Vooi/overwhelm'd, and them with all their pomp
Deep underwater roU'd; fea cover'd fea.
Sea without (liore. Milton's Paradife Loft.

Arcadia's flow'ry plains and plealing Jloods.

Dryden'i Virgil.

2. A deluge ; an inundation.

You fee this confluence ; thisgreat^not/of vifiters.

Shakffpeaie.
By iniitn floods, and fall of waters,
Buckingham's army is d^pers'd and fcatter'd.

Sbak. R. HI.

3. Flow; flux; not ebb; not reflux ; the
fwelling of a river by rain or inland flood.

We fcek to know the moving of each fphere.
And the ftrange caufe o' th' ebbs ix\i floods oi Nile.

Ditvics.

4. The general deluge.

When went there by an age lince the gmt flood.
But it was fam'd with more than with one man !

Sbakefpeare,

1 1 is commonly opinioned that the earth was thinly
inhabited before the ^cci/. Brown.

5. Catamenia.

Thofe that have the good fortune of mifcarrying,

or being delivered, efcape by means of their floods,

revelling the humours from their lungs. Har-jcy,

To Flood. 1;. a. [from the noun.] To

deluge ; to cover with waters.

Where meadows are flooded late in Spring, roll
them with a large barley-roller. Mortimer.

Flo'odcate. «./. \Jiooi ■iwA gate.'l Gate
or fliutter by which the watercourfe is
clofed or opened at pleafure.

As if the opcnmg of her mouth had opened fome
great floodgate of forrow, whereof her heart could
not abide U>e violent ilVuc, (he funk to the ground.

Sidney.

Vet there the fteel (laid not ; but inly bate
Deep iit h'ufltfli, and opened wide a ni floodgate.

Spenft r.

His youth, and want of experience in maritime
fervice, had fomcwhat been (hrewdly touched, even
before the (I'tices mifl'^gates of popular liberty
were yet let open. H'oiion.

The rain defcended for forty days, the catarads
or floodgates of heaven being opened. Burnet.

Floor, n. /. \j>flug, a plow, German.]

1 . The broad part of the anchor which
takes hold of the ground.

2. A flounder; a flat river fiih.
FLOOR. //./. [plop, plojie, Saxon.

I. The pavement : a pavement is alwaj's
offtonc, the floor of wood or ftone; the
part on which one treads.

His Itepmoilicr, making all her gcftares counter-
feit afflidhon, iayalmoft gro\elinj upon the yfroi- of
her cbambei. Hidney.

\

FLO

He rent that iron door
Where entered in, his foot could find t\aflesr.
But all a deep defcent as dark as hell. Fairy Sluttn.

Look how l)\z floor o( lieav'n
Is thick inlay 'd with patens of bright gold :
There's not the fmalleft orb which thou behold'ft.
But in his motion like an angel ling;.
Still quiring to the you.ig ey'd cherubins. Shake/p.

Theground lay ftrewed with pikes fa thick ass
'^oor is ufually ftrewed with rulhes. Hayviard.

He winnoweth barley to-night in the ijirelhing
floor. Ruth.

2. Aftory; a flight of rooms.

He that building ftays at one
Floor, or the fecond, hath erefhd noi:s. "Jenfin.

To Floor. <v. a, [from the noun. J To
cover the bottom with a floor.
Hewn ftone and timber xa floor the houfes.

2 Cbron. xxxiv.

Floo'ring. ». /. [from ^5«n] Bottom;
pavement.

The flooring is a kind of red plaifter made o(
brick, ground to powder, and afterwards worked
into mortar. Addifl,n,

TsFlop. -v. a. (fromyfo/.] To clap the
wings with noife; to play with any noify
motion of a broad boay.

A blackbird was frighted almofl to death with »
hu^c flipping kite that flic Ciw over her head.

L'Eflrangf..

Flo'ral. titf/. [floralis, Latin.] Relating
to Flora, or to flowers.

Let one great day
To celebrated fports and floral play
Be fet alide. Prior,

Flo'rence. »./. [from the city i7ff«»f<f.J
A kind of cloth. Diff,

Flo'ren. »./. [So named, {zy s Camdeu^
becaufe made by Floreut/ttes.} A gold
coin of Edward IIL in value fix fhilliugs.

Flo'ret. n. f. \fleurette, French.] A
fmall imperfeft flower.

FLO'RIJ). adj. [Jloridm, Latin.]

t. Produftive of flowers; covered with
flowers.

2. Bright in colour; flulhed with red.

Our beauty is in colour infrriour to many flowers {
and when it is molt florid and gay, three fits of an
ague can change it into yellownefs and leanncfs.

Baylor's Rule of living boly.

The qualitic] of blood in a healthy (late are to
he florid, when let out of the vcilel, the red part
congealing ftrongly and foon. Ariutbnol.

3. Eml)clii(hed ; fplendid ; brilliant with
decorations.

'Vhefloiid, elevated, and figurative way is for
the paftions;. for love and hatred, fear and anger,
are begotten in the foul, by fliewing their objeAs out
of their true proportion. Dryden.

How did, pray, tht florid youth offend.
Whole fpcech you took^ and gave it to a friend ?

Pope.
Flori'dity.»./. [ftoiD florid.] Frefhnefs
of colour.

There is a floriiliiy jn the face from the good
digeftion of the red part of the blood. Floyer,

Flo'ridness. «. / [ixomflorid.']

I. Frefhnefs of colour.

z. Einbellifliment ; ambitious elegance.

Though a philofopher recJ not delight readers
with \\\ifloriJne/s, yet he may take care that he
difguft them not by flatnefs. Boyle.

YLov.i'rt.t.ovs.adJ. [/or//>r, Latin.] Pro-
duflive of flowers.

FWRIN. „./. [French.] A coin firft
made by the Florentines. That of Ger-
many is in value 2.«. i,d. that of Spain
4;. i^d. halfpenny; that of Palermo and
Sicily 2/. (jd. that of Holland 2;.

In

FLO

In the Imperiil chambtr the proilarj hive half »
form taxed jnd allowed them tor every fubftantial
recefs. AytJffe.

Flo'rist, "■ /• {y-'irifif, French.] A
cultivater of flowers.
Some boranite or Jlorijls at the leaft. Dunfiad.
And while they break
On the charm 'd eye, th' exulting^5r//?r marks
Wjth fecrcl pride tlie wonders of his hand. Tbr:m.
Flo'rulent. adj. l/orii, Latin . ] Flowery ;

bloflbming.
Flo'sculous. aJj, [flo/cului, Latin.]
Compofed of flowers; having the nature
or form of flowers.

The outward part is a thick and carnout covering,
and the fecond a dry inijlj/culous coat. BrmirK.
Te Flote. 1/. a. [SeeTo/eet.] To &im.
Such cheefes, good Cifley, yejlsiej too nigh.

Tujir.

Flo'tsov. k. / [from /«./<•.] Goods that

fwira without any owner on the fea.
Flo'tten, fart, [from^v.] Skimmed.

Siin/ter,

T» FLOUNCE, -v. n. [plon/iH, Dutch, to

plunge.]
I, To move with violence in the water or
mire ; to ftruggle or dafti in the water.

With his broad hns and forky tail he laves
The riling furge, laijiouncei in the waves.

AdJifon*! Ovid,

I. To move with weight and tumult.

SixJlounciiTg Flandeis mares
Arc e'en as gxxi as any two of theirs. Prltr.

3. To move with paflionate agitation.

When I'm duller than a poft,
Korean the plaineft word pronounce.
You neither fume, nor fret, aor flounce SvL'ifi.

To Flounce, t;. a. To deck with flounces.

She was flounetd and furbelowed from head to
foot i every ribbon was crinkled, and every part of
her garments in curl. Addifon.

They have got into the fadiion al flouncing the
petticoat fo very deep, that it looks like an entire
eoatoflutellring. Pope.

Flounce. «. /. [from the verb.] Any
thin^ fewed to the garment, and hanging
loo(c, fo as to fwell and ihake.

Nay, oft in dreams invenlion we bellow,
To change xJiouHce, m add a furbelow. Pof>e.

A muflin flounce, made very full, would be very
agrcfable. Pofe.

Flo'uvder. «./. [/_x>tJ(r, Daniih; yiuie,
Scottifh.] The name of a fmall flat fifli.

Like tht flounder, out of the frying-pan into the
fire- , Cami.

Fhundert will both thrive and breed in any pond.

Mortimer,

fo Flo'under. -v.n, \{\om flounce,\ To
ftruggle with violent and irregular mo-
tions: as a horfe in the mire.

Down goes at once the horfeman and the horfe ;
That courfer tumbles on the fallen fteed,
Knifloundring\i\tovi the rider o'er his he^d.

_., . , Dryden.

The more inform 'd, the lefs he imderftood.
And deeper funk byflound'riag in the mud.

Dtydert,
He plung'd for fenfe, but fotmd no bottom there j
Then writ and flounder' d on in mere dcfpair.

Pofe,

To FLOURISH. ^. n. [floret, florc/co,

Latin.]
I. To be in vigour; not to fade.

The righteous daWpurifi like the palm-tree.

,.,,. , ' Pf. ttn.

Where eryou tread, the blulhing ftow'rs (hall rife.
And all ihings^arj/i, where you turn your eves.

Pope.

i. To be in a profperonsftatc.

If 1 could find example
Of tboufaaii, tiui bad ftiuck aaoinKd kings,

FLO

AnSylowZ/o',/ after, I'd not do't: but (ince

Nor brafs, ror (lone, nor parchment, bears not one.

Let villainy itfclf forfwear't. Sbutefp.

Harry, that prophefied thou (hould'd be king.
Doth comfort thcc in lleep j live thou i,-aiflourifl>,

Shakcf^eare.

He was the patron of my manhood, when 1 flou-
rffhfd in the opinion of the world, though with
fmall advantage to my fortune. Dryden.

Bad men as frequently profper zni flourifl:>, and
that by the means of their wickcdiicfs. Neljln.

. To ufe florid language; to fpeak with
ambitious copioufnefs and elegance,

Whilft Cicero ails the part of a Aetorician, he
dilates iai flourijles, and gives example inftcad ot
rule. Baker.

They dilate fometimes, and flourljb long upon
little incidents, and they (kip over and but lightly
touch the drier part of their theme. H'alls's Log.

4. To defcribe various figures by inter-
fering lines ; to play in wanton and ir-
regular motions.

Impetuous fpread
The (Iream, and fmoaking,_/f3Kr/^'i/o'er his head.

Pope.

y. To boaft ; to brag.]

6. [In mufick.] To play feme prelude
without any fettled rule.
To Flo'urish. "j. a,

1. To adorn with vegetable be*ity.

With Itiadowy verdure _^6ai ijh'd high,
A fudden youth the groves enjov. Fentcn.

2. To adorn with figures of needle work.

3. To work with a needle into figures.

All that I fhall fay will be but like bottoms of
thread clofe wound up, which, with a good needle,
may be_^oar;y6eJ into large works. •''

H.tcon'i War with Spain.

4. To move any thine in quick circles or
vibrations by way offhow or triumph.

And all the powers of hell in full applaufe
Flourijh'd their fnakes, and tofs'd their flaming
brands. Crafljaiv.

Agatnd the poft their wicker (hields they crulh.
Flourish th< fword, and at the plaftron pulli.

Dryden* s yuv.

5. To adorn with embellinimcnts of lan-
guage; to grace with eloquence often-
tatioufly diffufive.

The labours of Hercules, tha\i%h flturijied with
much fabulous matter j yet iiotabl) fet forth the con-
fetK of all nations and ages in the approbation of the
extirpating and debellating giants, monfters, and ty-
rants. Bacon.

As they are likely fo evtr-flouriflb their own cafe,
fo their flattery is hardcll to be dilcovercd. Collier,

6. To adorn; to embellifli ; to grace.

To bring you thus together, 'tis no da,
Sith the jullice of your title to him
V>o\hfl<juriJh the deceit. Shate/peare.

Flo'urish. «./, [from the verb.]

1. Bravery; beauty; ambitious fplendonr.

I call'd thee then \i\nflouriJh of my fortune-;
I call'd thee then poor Ihadow, painted ^uten.
The prefcntation of but what I was. Sbakefp.

'Vheflourljh of his fober youth,
Was the pride of naked troth. Crajbatv.

2. An oftentatious embellifhment; ambi-
tious copioufnefs ; far-fetched elegance.

This is iflourifli : there follow excellent parables.

Bacon,

We can excufe the duty of our knowledge, if we
only bellow ihe flourijh of poetry thereon, or ihofc
commendatory conceits which popularly fct forth
the eminence of this creature. Bro-wn.

The apprehenfitm ii fo deeply riveted into my
mind, that fuch rhcioric^} fl'jurijlet cannot at all
loofen or bru.li it out. Afore.

Villainies have not the fame countenance, when
there are great interelh, plaufible colours, -jniflou-
rijhei of wit and rhcterick interposed between the
tght and tbe obj?t^. L'Ellrangc. .

FLO

Tlie fo muc!) repeated ornament an! flourijii of
their former Ipceches was commonly the trueftwo?*
they fpoke, though lead believed by them.

South* s Sertnoni.
Studious to pleafc the genius of the times.
With periods, points, and tropes he llurs his crimes;
He lards vinhflomifl^ei his long harangue ;
'Tis fine, fay'll thou ; what, to be prais'd and hang >
. Dryd.

3. Figures formed by lines curioufly or
wantonly drawn.

A child with delight looks upon emblems finely
drawn and painted, and takes (ome plcafure in be-
holding the near cliaiaaers and ftourijhei of a bible
curioufly printed. ^,^/,

They were intended only for ludicrous ornaments

of nature, like thejyoa^j/Sfj- about a great letter that

(ignify nothing, but arc made only to delight the eye.

M'jre againft Atllcifm.

Flo'urish ER. n. f. [fromflottnj^.] One
that is in prime or in profperity.
They count him of the grcen-hair'd eld, they mav,
or in liisflow'r; '

For not our greatell7?o«/-i/Sfr can equal him in pow'r.
, Chapman .

To FLOUT. 'V, a. \flttyte„, Dutch; flo^-e,
Frifick.] To mock; to infult; to treat
with mockery and contempt.

You mull/foB? my infufficiency. Sbakeffeare.

The Norweyan banners _/?<;«/ the flcy.
And fan our people cold. Sbakrfpcare's Macbeth .

He mock'd us when he hegg'd our voices ;
Certainly he flouted us downright. Shahfp,

She railed at her, that (he Ihould be fo immodell
to write to one flie knew would_/?oa/ her. Sbak.

Phillida/o»/f me. Walton's Angler.

ToYlovt. v, ». To pratSife mockery ; to
behave with contempt; to fneer.

Though nature hath given us wit to fiout at for.
tune, hath notfortune fentin this fool to cut off this
argument ? Skjtefpeire.

With talents well etidu'd
To be fourrilous and rude ;
When you pertly raife your fnouC,
Fleer and gibe, and laugh miflout. Stvtft.

Flout. «./: [from the verb.] A mock;
an infult; a word or aft of contempt.

He would tiflc of thofc that had been at the other's
table. Tell truly, was there never a flout or dry
blow given.* Bacm.

She opened it, and read it out.
With many a fmile and lecring_,'7c»/. Hudiirfs.

Their doors are barr'd againll a bitter/oj^C;
Snarl, if you pleafe ; but you fliall fnarl without.

Drydctt,

How many jjowf and jeei-s mull I expofe myfelf

to by this repentance? How Ihall I aniwcr fuch an

old acquaintance when he invites me to an intern-

perate cup > CaUmy's Sermon, .

Flo'ut'er. «./. [from/e»r.] One who

jeers.
rsFLOW. -v, tt. [plopan, Saxon.]

1 . To run or fpread as water*.

The god am I, whofe yellow waterjRm>f
Around thele fields, and fattens as it goes. Dryden

Fields of light and liquid ether^ow,
Purg'd from the pond'rous dregs of earth below.

Dryden.
Rndlefs tears floiv down in dreams. Suiff

2. To run: oppofed to Handing waters.

With ofier floats the danding water tlrow;
Of mafly dones make bridges, ifit^ra;. Diydert.

3. To rife; not to ebb.
This rivet bath thxkeflovi'd, no ebb bet«-cen.

Sbaifpeare

4. I o melt.
Oh that thou wouldft rent the lieavens, that tlie

mountains mi%ht Jla-ui down at thy ptefcuce.

^ , V- '"iv. I.

5. To proceed; to ifllue.

I'll ufe that tongue 1 have : if wit/fo»c from'f,
I ftiall do good. Shahrjp. Winter' i Tale.

The knowledge drawn from experience is quite of
another kind' from tlut wbicb/otv» from fpeculation
ordifcourfe. South.

S G a 6«To

FLO

6. To glide fmoothly without afperity ; as,
a flonxing period.

This dilcourfe of CypruD, and the flowers of
thetorickin it, Ibew him to have Been of a great wit
andjlovjj'ng eloquence. Hakrtoell c'n PnviJenct,

7. To write fmoothly ; to fpeak volubly.
Vitgil ii fweet »aAJl<ru/i«g in his hexameters.

Dtydtn.
Did fweeter founds adorn thyjlnvh'i tongue
Than ever man pronounc'd, or angels fung. Prior.

8. To alx>und ; to be crowded.

The dry (ireets^s-w'J with men. Cbtfmax.

9. To be copious : to be full.

1'hcn (hall our names.
Be in their^tfu^f'/rf cuds freihty remembcrM.

Sbak. Hen. V.
There every eye with flumb'roiis chains (he bound,
And dalh'd thefi^tving goblet to the ground.

P<fe'i OdjJJiy.

1 o. To hang'loofe and waving.

He was doathed in ^ fluiu'ing mantle of green

filk, interwoven with tiowen, SpeElalor,

^'a ¥ LOW . <v, a. To overflow; to deluge.

Watering hops is fcarce pra>£ticable, unlefs you

hfive a ftrcam at hand to_fi,iw the ground.

Morilmer't Itiijbandry .

Flow, n f. [from the verb.]

I • The rife of water ; not the ebb.

Some, from the diurnal and annual motion of the
earth, endeavour to folve the_^'>tfj and motions of
thefc Teas, illuftrating the fame by water in a bowl,
that rifes or falls according to the motion of the
vellel. Broivrt^s Vulgar Errors*

The ebb of tiies, and their myfterious^ow.
We as arts elements Ihall underiLind. Dryden.

2. A fuddcn plenty or abundance.

The noble power of fufJcring bravely is as far
above that of cnterpridng greatly, as an unblemilhed
confcience and inflexible refolution are above an ac-
cidental ^:>tv of fpirits, or a fudden tide of blood.

Pope.

3. A ftream of diftion ; volubility of
tongue. '

Teaching is not a jfuw of words, nor the draining
ot an hour-glafs ; but an cflfe^al procuring that al
man know Ibmething which he knew not before, or
toknow itbetter. South.

FLO'WER. »./. [/r«r, French ;/«,/« w,
Latin.]

1 . The part of a plant which contains the
feeds.

Such are reckoned ^iUSKJIj~.vcis which have a
petala, a ftamen, apex and ftylus ; and whatever
j&tirr wants either of thcfe is reckoned impetfedt.
Vtt\t& fto'uxrt are divided into fimple ones, which
are not compof'.-d of other fmallcr, and which
ufually have but one fingle ftile; and compounded,
which confift of many tiofculi, all making but one
JlotViT, Simple Jli-wers are monopelalous, which
have thebodj^of \.Ut ^juvr all of one entire leaf,
though fom:times cut or divided a little way into
many feeming pctala, or leaves ; as in borage, bu-
gloe: or polypet.ilous, which have dillinil'petala,
»nd thofe tilling ofF fingly, and nM altogether, as
the feeming pctala of monopctalous_/S^«urrj always
do: but ihofe are further divided into uniform and

, difibrm Jhuiert: the former have their right and
left hand parts, and the fuiward and backward parts
all alike; but the dilfbrm have no fuc]^ regularity,
as in the Jltivrri ai fage and dea<lneltle. A mo.
nnpetalous i\Sotm flower is likewife further divi-
ded into, firll, femi-fiftular, whofc upper part re-
liembles a pipe cut off obIiqu;ly, as in the ari-
lollochia i zd, labiate ; and this either with one
liponly, as in the acanthum and fcordium, or with
«wo lips, as in the far greater part of the labiate
JUiurrt : and here the upper lip is fometimes turned

■ upwards,^ and fo turns the convex part downwards,
as in the chamaccilTus; but ;nolt commonly the
upper lip it convex above, and turns the hollow
part down 10 its fellow Ulo.v, and reprefenu'a kind
of hclniei, or mouklhood ; and from ilicnce thcfe
are frcquentlj^cilled galleate,. cuculUte, and gale-
nculatejfi'U'r^ ; and in this form are ihcfloTim of
the Umijin, ^iid auU vatticilljie plaiits. S«me.

FLO

times the iamium is iniire, and ibmetimes jagged
or divided. 3d, Corniculate; that is, fuch hollow
jfi/urrj as have on their upper part a .kind of fpur,
or little horn, as the linaria, delphinum, See. and
the carniculum, or cakar, is always impervious at
the tip or point. Compounded fio^ven ate, tirft,
difcous, or difcoidal ; that is, whofe flofculi are fet
fo clofc, thick, and even, as to make the furface of
the^oti'er plain and flat, which, becaufe of its round
form, will be like a difcus ; wh.ch diflc is fome-
times radiated, when there is a row of petala (land-
ing round in the difk, like the points of a ftar, as
in the matricaria, chamxmclum, &c. and fome-
times naked, having no fuch radiating leaves round
the limb of its dilk, as in tlie tanacetum : 2d,
planifolius, which is conipofed of plain flower^*,
fet together in circular rows round the centre, and
whofe face is ufually indented, notched, and jagged,
as the hieracia. 3d, Vi()ular, which is compounded
of long hollow little_;?(7«j^rr, like pipes, all divided
into, large jags at the ends. ImpeifeA finvers,
becaufe they want the petala, are called lUmine-
ous, apetalous, and capillaceous ; and thofe Which
hang pendulous by tv>e threads, like the juli, are by
Tournefort called amentaceous, and we call them
cats-t.iil. The term campanircrmis isufed forfuch
as are in the (liape of a bell, and infundibuliformis
for fuch as are in the form of a tunnel. Miller.

Good men's lives
Expire before \.\\tflD'u;ers in their caps.
Dying 01 erc they licken. Sbalfpeare') Macbeth.

VI Ml Jlow' r interwoven trelTes torn.
The nymphs in twilight (hadeof tangled thickets
mourn. Afilton.

Beauteous^<s7('Vr why do we fpread
Upon the monuments of the dead. Coivley.

Though the fame fun with all diffufive rays
Bluih in the rofe, and in the diamond blaze.
We paife the ftronger effort of his power.
And always fet the gem above ihtflo'wer. Pope.

If the blolTom of the plant be of mod importance,
we call it i. Jio-wer^ fuch are dailies, tulips, and
carnations. tVatu,

2. Anornatnent; an embellifhment. ,

The nomination of perfons to thofe places being,
fo prime and infeparable a ^^o-u/er of his crown, he
would rcferve to hinifclf. Clareitdorr.

This difcourfe of Cyprian, and the excellent
,^ouf rj of rhelorick in it, ftiew him to have been a
Iwcet and powerful orator. Hakfujill.

Truth needs no Jlon'rs of fpeech. Pope.

3. The prime; the fiourilhing part.

Abs! young man, your days can ne'er be long :
\r\Jlotv*r of age you pcriih for s fong. Pope.

4. '1 he edible part of corn ; the meal.

The bread I would have \a floiuer, fo as it might
be baked flill lofervc their necelTary want. Spenfer.

I can make my audi( up, that all
From me back receive the^'/«i'f of all,
And leave me but the bran. Shjtcfpeaye.

ThejJoti'frj of grains, mixed with water, will make
afortot'glue. Arbuthn^t on Aliments.

But by thy care twelve urns of wine be fill'd,
Next thcfe in worth, and firm thofe urns be feal'd ;
Be twice ten mealurcsof the choicertj?3«r.
Prepar'd, ere yet dcfcends the evening hour.

Pope^s Odxffey.

5. The moft excellent or valuable prt of
any thing ; quintefcence.

The choice and ,^awcr of all things profitable the
Pfalms do more briefly contain, and more movingly
exprefs, by reafon of their poetical form.

Hooker,

Thou haft (lain

TheJ?i.«rr of Europe for his chivalry. Shakefp.

The French monarchy is eihauiled of ite braved

fubjcAs : iheflower of the nation is confumed in its

wars. AdJi/cn.

6. That which is tnoft dillinguifhed for
any thing valuable.

He is not i\Kflo%vero{ courtefy, but, J warrant
him, as gentle as a lamb. Shakrfpeare.

Flo'wer de Luce. n.f. A bulbouj iris.

Miller fpecifies thirty-four fpccics of this plant;
and among them the Pcrlian ,/?i;U'er de luee is greatly
eltecmed for the fwcetneliand beauty of its variegated
flower.., which are in peilcdioain I'cbruary, 01 the
beginning of Matib.

FLO

Crop'd are thtflovrer de luces in your arms ;
Ot England's coat one half is cut away. Sbake/p.
The iris is the JImuer de luce. Pcacban,

To Flower, ■v. n. [Jieurir, French; or
from the noun,]

1. To be in flower; to be in bloffom; to
bloom; to put forth flowers.

So forth they marched in this goodly fort,
To take the folace of the open air,
And in !ic(h Jlotvering fields tliemfclves tofport.

Paiiy Siutrn,

Sacred hill, whofe head full high,
Is, as it were, forendlefs memory
Of that dear Lord, who oft thereon was found.
Forever with a^oru'r/wj garland crown'd.

Fairy ^uecn.

Then herbs of every leaf, thatfuddcn^Jtt'er'./,
Op'ning their various colours. Milton.

M ,rk well thejlow'iing almonds in the wood,
Ifod'rous blooms the bearing branches load.

Dryd. Georgi

To leaflefs Ihrubs x\xtjl(nv'riiig palms lucceed.

And od'rous myrtle to the noifome weed. . Poft.

2. To be in the prime; to flourifli.

Wiiilome in youth, vihcn Jlower'd my yoinhful

fpring.
I-ike fwallow fwift, I wandered here and there ;
For heat of heedlefs luft me did fo (ling,
That I of doubted danger had no fear. : Spenfer,

Tliiscaufedetain'd me all my Jiotu' ring vouth.
Within a loathfome dungeon there to pine.

Shakc/p. Henry VI.

3. To froth; to ferment; to mantle, as

new bottled beer.

Thofe above the v^ater were bell, and that beer
did fiovicr a little ; whereas that under water did
not, though it were frelh. Bacon.

An extreme clarification doth fpread the fpirits fo
fmooth that they become dull, and the drink dead,
which Ought to have a XWiXe^fijiuerinr.

Bucon^i Natural Hijlory.

4. To come as cream from the furface.

If you can accept of ihefe few obfervalions, which

have Jlotuered off, and are, as it ,wert, the bur-

mlhing of many lludious and contemplative years, I

here give you them todifpofe of. Milton.

To Flo'wer. 'v. a. [from ihe. noun.] To

adorn with fiftitious or imitated flowers.

Flo'werase. n.f. {Uomjio'uxr.'] Store of

flowers. . . DiJi.

Flo'weret. n. f. \fltunt, French.] .\

flower; ft fmall flower.

Sometimes her head Hie fondly would aguifc
Willi gaudy garlands, or ire^fotui'rets dight.
About her neck, or rings of rulhes plight. F. 3.

That fame dew, which fometimeon the buds
Was wont to fwell, like round and orient pearls.
Stood now within the pretty^o'U''«/'j eyes.
Like tears that did their own difgrace bewail.

Shakefpcart.
So to the fylvan lodge
They came, that like Pomona's arbour fmil'd,
\i\x\\flo\v'r,ts deck'd, and fragrant fmells. Milt.
Then laughs the* childifh year with fnu'icts
crown'd.
And lavilhly perfumes the fields around ;
But no fubllantial nourilhmcnt receive^,
IiiHrm the ftalks, unfolid are the leaves. Piryd.

Flo'wergarden, n.f. [Jl'.'iver WiA garden. \
A garden in whicli flowers are principally
cultivated.

Obfciving that this manure produced flowers in
the field, 1 made my gardener try (hofe (hells in my
fiovjer garden, and I never faw better carnatii^ns or
flowers. , Moitimer^s Hujiandry.

Flo'weriness. n.f. [f mm fmi-ery .']

1. 'I"he ftate of atwunding in flowers.

2. Floridnefs of fpeech.
i"'Lo'wERiNCBusH. »./. A plant.
Flo'wery. adj. [from /eaiYr.] Full of

flowers; .adorned with flowers real or
iiftitious.

My mother Circe, with the fyrens three,
Amidll thejftiw'rjr kiitlcd Naiades. Milton.

Uay'i

FLU

Day's harbinger
Comes dancing from the Ead, and leads with her
The_yffftt''r)' May, who frr n her green lap throws
The yellow cowflip and the pale primrofe. Miilon,
O'er his fair limbs ijij-tu'ry veft he threw.

Pofe.
To her the ihady grove, ^^izfir^v^ry field,
The Itrcams and fountains no delight could yield.

Pope.
Flo'wingly. adv. [from flurw.^ With

volubility; with abundance.
Flowk. n.f. [yfa^, Scott.] A flounder;
the name of a fifh.

Amongft thefe xViJIoivk, fo!e, and plaice, follow
^he tide up into the frelh waters. Carrui.

pLaVKwoRT. n.f. The name of a plant.
Flown, Participle oifly, otflee, they being
confounded; properly oi fy,

1. Gone away.

For thofe,
Appointed to fit there, had kft their charge,
FIvw/i to the upper world. Milton' > Paradlje Lojl.

Where, my deluded fcnfe ! was K3.ian flo-wn >
Where the high majerty of David's throne? PrUr.

2. Puffed; inflated; elate.

And when night
Darkens the Drcets, then wander forth the fons
Of Belia!,_/f3'aii» with infolence and wine. Milton.

Is this a brlJa! or a friendly feaft ?
Or from yoi;r deeds I rightly may divine,
Unfeemlyyyi/ttM with infulence or wine. Pcfe.

Flu'ctua.vt. adj. {ftuauans, Latin.J
Wavering; uncertaio.

To be longing for this thing to-day, and for that
thing to-morrow J to change likings fjr loathings,
and to ftand wifhing and hankering at a venture,
how is it poflible for any man to be at reft in this
JIuSluani wandering humour and opinion?

L.*EJlransrf.

To FLU'CTUATE. -y. ». {fluauo. Latin.]
I . To roll to and again, as water in agita-
tion.

The_fiuS?uat!>rg fields of liquid air.
With all the curious meteors hov'ring thfre,
And the wide regions of the land, proc'aim
The Pow'r Divine, that rais'd the mighty frame.

Hi'jL /it/tore.

i. To float backward and forward, as with
the motion of water.

3. To move with uncertain and hafty mo-
tion.

The tempter
New parts puts on ; and, as 10 paltion mov'd,
FluH»Jiet di^aih'J. Mllion't Paradijt Ltjl.

4. To be in an uncertain ftate; to feci
fudden vicillitudes.

As the greatcft part of my eftate has hitherto been
of an unftejdy and volatile nature, either tolt upon
feas, or fl:icluuiing in fundi, it is now fixed and fet-
tled in lubitantial acres and tenements. AJdifcn.

5. To be irrefolute; to be undetermined.
Fluctua'tion. n. f. [Jiui'iualh, Latin ;

fluttuntion, French; Uora fiuauate.]

1. The alternate motion of the water.

FluElutiiiom are but motions fubfervient, which

winds, ftorms, (hores, (helves, and every inter-

jater.cyirregulaies. Brr,-wn.

They were caufed by the impulfes mijluauatitin

■ of water in the bowels of the earth. iVceJvarJ.

2. Uncertainty ; indetermination.

It will not hinder it from making a profelylc of
a perfoo, that loves JIu&iiaiitin of judgment little
enough to be willing to be eafed of it by any thing
but errour. /;y./,.

Flve. 11. /. [A word of which I know
not the etymology, unlefs it be derived
from fffvj <jffy. J

1. A fmall pipe or chimney to convey air,
heat, or imoke.

2. Soft down or fur, fuch as may fly in the
wind.

FLU

Fute'llim. «./. The herb SPEEDWELt.
Flu'encv. n.f. [{torn fluent. }

1. The quality of flowing; fmoothnefs;
freedom from harfhnefs or afperity.

Fluency of numbers, apd mod expreiUve figures
for the poet, morals for the ferious, and pleafantries
for admirers of points of wit. Garth.

2. Readinefs; copioufnefs; volubility,
Ourpublick liturgy mud be cartiiered, the better

to pleafe tjiofe men who gloried in their extemporary
vein indjueiry. King Charles.

We reaCwi with (\K.hfiuency and fire.
The beaux we baffle, and the learned tire. 7ickel.

The comtrion fluency of fpeech in many men,
and molt women, is owing to a fcarcity of matter,
and a fcarcity of words; for whoever is mafter of
language, and hath a mind full of ideas, will be
apt, infpeaking, to hefitate upon the choice of both.

Sivift.

3. Affluence; abundance. This fenfe is
obfolete.

Thofe who grow old \n fluency and eafe.
Behold him tolt on feas. Sandys.

Cod riches and renown tc> men imparts.
Even all they with; and yet their nairow hearts
Cannot fo great 3 fluency receive.
But their fruition to a llranger leave. Sandys

FLU'ENT. adj. [flucm, Latin.]

1. Liquid.

It is not malleable ; but yet it is not fluent, but
ftupefied. Bacon.

2. Flowing; in motion; in flux.

Motion being a fluent thing, and one part of its
duration being independent upon another, it doth
nut follow that becaufe any thing moves this mo-
ment, it mud do fo the next. Ray on the Creation.

3. Ready; copious; voluble.

Thofe have fome natural djlpofitions, which
have better grace in youth than in age, fuch as is a
fluent and luxurious fpeech. Bacon.

1 Ihall lay bsfore you all that's within me.
And with mofi fluent utterance. Denham's Sofhy.

Fluent, v.f. Stream; running water.

Confiding in their hands, that fcd'lous drive
To cut th' outrageousyft/^/rr; in this didrefs,

Ev'n in the fight of death. Pbilifs.

Flu'ently. ad-v. [from fluent.] With
ready flow ; volubly ; readily ; without
(^bftruftion or difficulty.
FLU'ID. adj. [fluidiu, Latin; fluide,
French.] Having parts eafily feparable ;
not folid.

Or ferve they as a flow'ry verge to bind
The fluid (kirn of that fame wjt'ry cloud.
Led It again diflilve, and (how'r the earth ? Milton.

If particles (lip eafily, and are of a fit fiae to be

agitated by heat, and the heat is big enough to

keep them in .igitatton, the bo.ly h fluid; and if it

be apt to flick to things, it b humid. Netvtcn.

Flv'id. ft./.

1. Any thing not folid.

2. [In phyfick.] Any animal juice: as
the blood.

Conlider how luxury hath introduced ncwdifcafes
and with them, not improbably, altered the whole
coui fe of the fluids. ArLulhnoi .

Flu I'd I TV. «. /. {fluidltc, Fr. from
Jitid.\ The quality in bodies oppofite
to (lability ; want of coherence between
the parts.

Heat fromotes fluidity very muih, bydiminidiing
the tenacity of bodies: it makes many bodies fluid,
which are not fluid in cold, and increafes (he fluidity
of tenacious liquids; as of oil, balfam, and honey;
and thereby detreafcs their refiftancc. Ncvtoii.

A difeafe oppofite to thi< fpifljtude is too great
fluidity. Ariulhnut.

Flu'iijnkss, n. f. [from fluid.'] That
quality in bodies oppofite to (tability.

What if we (liould fay that fluidnrjl and da-
biliiy de,.ci.d3 fo much upon the texture of the
parts,, that, by the tlijjije ot that texture, the

FLU

fame parts may be made to conftilutt either a fluid
or a dry body, and that permanently too ? Boyle.

Flu'mmery. 71. f. A kind of food made
by coagulation of wheatflower or oat-
meal.
Milk vai flummery are very fit for children.

Loche.
Flung, participle and preterite oi fling.
Thrown; caft.

Several datues the Romans thtmMvt!- flung into
the river, when they would revenge themfelves.

Addijon on Italy.

FLUOR, n.f. [Latin.]

1. A fluid ftate.

The particles of fluids, which do not cohere too
drongly, and are of fuch a fmallnefs as renders
them mod fufccptible of thofe agitations which
keep liquors in a fluor, are mod ealily feparaled
and rarefied into vapours. Newton's Opt.

2. Catamenia.
Flu'rry. n.f.

1. A guft or ftorm of wind; a hafty blaft.
The boat was overfet by a fudden flurry from the

north. Sviifi.

2. Hurry; a violent commotion.

To FLUSH, -v. n. [fluyfln, Dutch, to
flow; flus, or flux, French.]

1. To flow with violence.

The pulfe of the heart he attributes to an ebul-
lition and fudden expanfiou of the blood in the
ventricles, after the manner of the milk, which,
being heated to (uch a degree, doth fuddenly, and
all at once, flufi up and run over the vclfcl. Ray.

\i fluflircs violetiffy out of the cock for about a
quart, and then dops. Mortimer's Hujbandty,

2. To come in hafte.

If the place but affords
Any (lore of lucky birds.
As I make 'em toflu/h,
Each owl out of his bufh. Sen yf.n^on's Oii-h,

3. To glow in the (kin ; to produce a
colour in the face by a fudden a{flux of
blood. It is properly ufcd of a fudden
or tran(ient hfeat of countenance; not of
a fettled complexion.

Ere yet the fait of mod unrighteous tears
Had left th%fliifling in her gaiiled eyes.
She married. Sbalicfpeare's Hamlet.

Thus Eve with count'nance blithe her doty told.
But in her cheek iidcmfer flufl'ing gibw'd.

Milton.

What can be more fignificant than the fudden

flujhing and confulion of a blufli ? Cullicr.

What means that lovely fruit ? What means, alas!

That blood, VjK\zh flufles guilty in your face ?

Dryden.
At once, array'd
In all the colours of the flufling year.
The garden glows. Thom/oi:'s Sfring,

4. To (hine fuddenly ; obfolete.

A flake of fire that flu/hing in his beard,
Him all amaz'd. Spenfir.

To Flush, i". a,

1. To colour; to redden: properly to
redden fuddenly.

The glowing dames of Z'ama's royal court.
Have hcesflujh'd with more exalted charms,

* Addifon' s Catt),
Some court, or fecret corner feck.
Hot flii/h with (hame the pafling virgin's cheek.'

Ciy's Trivia.

2. To elate; to elevate; to give the ap-
pearance of fudden joy.

As profpcrous people, fluflied with great viftories
and fucccircs, are rarely known to confine their joys
within the bounds of moderation and innocence.

Attcrbury's Sermons. -
Flush, adj.
I. Fre(h ; full of vigour.

He took my father grolly, full of bre.iJ,
With all his crimes bioaj blown, Ttnifujlj as May;
And how his audit ftands, who knows, fjve Hcav'n ?

Siialtcjl>rare.
i love

FLU

1 Uve to wew cloths that ittjlufls,
Uot prefacing old ragi with plulli. CleavtUnd.

2. Affluent; abounding. A cant word.

Lord Strut was not very fli'fl' in ready, either
to go to law or clear old debts; neither could he find
good bail. Arbutbnot.

Flush, n.f.

4. Afflux; fudden impulfe; violent flow.

This is commonly corrupted let flajh : as,

njiajh of water.

Never had any man fuch a lofs, cries a widower,
in iht JIuJh of his extravagancies for a dead wile.

V EJlratigr.
The pulfe of the arteries is not only caufed by the
pulfation of the heart, driving the blood through tliem
in manner of a wave oxfiujh, but by the coats of the
arteries themfelves. Ray.

Succcfs may give him a prefentj?K/5 of joy ; but
when the (hort tranfport Is over, the apprehenlion
«f lofing focceeds to the careof acquiring.

fUgen's Sermms.

z. Cards all of a fort.

TcFlu'ster. "v. a. \ixom To _flujh.'\ To

make hot and rofy with drinking; to

make half drunk.
Three lads of Cyprus, noMe fwelling fpirits,

Havel to-nightjfc//?i?rV with flowing cups,

And they watch too. Shakefp. Othello.

FLUTE. »./ [Ju/ie,/ute,¥teach; fa^te,

Dutch.]
T. A mufical pipe ; a pipe with flops for
the fingers.

Th' oars were filver.
Which to the tune of JIuies kept Itroke. Shak.

The foft complainingj?afe
In dying notes difcovers
The woes of hopdefs lovers
Whofe dirge is whifper'd by the warbling lute.

Dry lien.

t, A channel or furrow in a pillar, like the

concave of a flute fplit.
Ta Fi.uTE. f. a. To cut columns into

hollows.
To FLUTTER, t. n. [plorepan, Saxon,

flatter, French.]
I. To take fhort flights with great agitation
of the wings.

As an eagle ftirreth up her neft, futterttb over
lier young, and fpreadeth abroad Tier wings, fo the
Lord alone did lead him. Deut.

Think you've an angel by the wings j
One that gladly will be nigh.
To wait upon each moming-figh;
to flutter in the balmy air

Of your well-perfumed pray'r. Crajhaiv.

They fed, mdflutt'ring, by degrees withdrew.

Dryden.

i. To more about with great fliow and
buftle without confequence.
Exccfs muddles the beft wit, and only makes it
fiulttr and froth higb. Grew.

» No rag, no fcrap of all the beau or wit.

That OIKC {o fluttered, and that once fo writ,

Pojte''! Dutie.

3. To be moved with quick vibrations or
undulations.

Ye fpirits 1 to your charge repair;
Thtjlutl'ring fan be Zephyretta's care. Pope.

Tiiey the tall mart above the veffcl rear,
Or teach tkejiutl'ring fail to float in air.

Pope's OJyJly.

^ To be in agitation ; to move irregu-
larly ; to be in a ftate of uncertainty.

The relation being brought him what a glorious
\iflory was got, and how long we JIutlrred upon
the wings of doubtful fuccefs, he was not furprlfed.
HoivrJ's Vocal Forejl.
It is impoflible that men fhould certainly difcover
♦be agreement or dilcernment of ideas, whilft their
thoughts fiuiier about, or llick only \a founds of
doubtful ugni&ealioB. Lacke.

FLU

Efte«m we thefe, my friends! event and clianCfr,
Produc'd by atoms from their/««'i '»i dance !

Prior.

His thoughts are vet^fHtlering and wandering,
and cannot be fixed attentively to a few ideas fuc-
celCvely. I^'ails.

To Flu'tter. v. a.

1. To drive in diforder; like a flock of
birds fuddenly roufed.

Like an eagle in a dovecoat, I
phttler'd your Volfcians in Coiioli. Sbatcff.

t. To hurry the mind.
3. To diforder the pofition of any thing.
Flu'tter. n.f. [from the verb.]

1. Vibration; undulation; quick and irre-
gular motion.

An infinite variety of motions are to be made ufe
of in ihe flutter of a fan : there is the in^ry flutter,
the moici\flutier, and the timorous J?a//f)-.

AJdi/on's Spiiiator.

2, Hurry: tumult; diforder of mini.
V Confufion; irregular pofition.
Fluvi.\'tick. adj. [jtwvtiticia, Latin.]

Belonging to rivers.
FLUX. n.f. [/a.v7«, Latin; _/?»x-, French.]

1. The aft of flowing; paflage.

The fimple and primary motion of fire is flux,
in a direil line from the centre of the fuel to its
circumference. Dtghy.

By the perpetual^ax of the liquids, a great part of
them is thrown out of the body. Arhuthn'jt.

2. The ftate of paffing away and giving
place to others.

Whether the heat of the fun in animals whofe
parts are fucceflive, and in a continual _^/<a-, can
produce a deep and perfect glofs of blacknefs.

Bro-wn's Vulgar Errours.

What the dated rate of intcreft Ihould be, in the
conftant change of affairs, and flux of money, is
hard to determine, Locke.

In the conrtituent matter of one body, turning na-
turally to another like body, the Hock or fund can
never be exhaufted, nor the7?«a; and alteration fen-
fible. fVoodtvard.

Languages, like our bodies, are in a perpetual
flux, and Hand in need of recruits to fuppiy thole
words that are continually falling. Felton.

3. Any flow or iflue of matter.

Quinces tiopfluxes of blood. Arhuthnot.

4. Dyfentery ; difeafe in which the bowels
are excoriated and bleed; bloody flux.

Eat cjftern fpice, fecure
From burning_/S'«Jrfj and hot calenture. Halliftx.
5: Excrement; that which falls from bodies..
Civet is tlie very uncleanly J?«Jt of a cat. Shak.

6. Concourfe ; confluence.

Left and abandon 'd of his velvet friends ;
'Tis right, quoth he ; thus mifery doth part
']L\\e.flux of company. Shakefp. Asyou like it.

7. 'i'he ftate of being melted.

8. That which mingled with the body
makes it melt.

Flux. aJj. [fliixtts, Latin.] Unconftant ;

not durable; maintained by a conftant

fucceflion of parts.
To Flux. v. a,

1. To melt.

2. Tofalivate; to evacuate by fpitting.

He might falhiunably and genteelly have been
duelled or fluxed into another world. South.

Fluxi'litv. n.f. [fluxHs, LatinJ Eafinefs
of feparation of parts; poflrbility of
liquefaftion.

Experiments feem to teach, that the fuppofcd
avcrfation of nature to vacuum is but accidental, or
in confequence, partly of the weight and fiuiditv,
or at \caitfluxility of the bodies here below. Boytc.

Flu'xion. n.f. [flitxio, Latin.]

1. The ad of flowing.

2. The matter that flows.

FLY

the fluxion increafcd, and abfcelTes were raifcd.

fpl/eman.

3. [In mathematics.] The arithmetick or
analyfis of infinilcly finall variable quan-
tities; or it ij the method of finding an
infinite fmall or infinitely fraall tiuan-
tity, which, being taken an infinite
number of times, becomes equal to a
quantity given. Harris.

A penetration into the tbftrvfe difficulties and
depths of modern algebra and fluxions, are not
worth the labour of thofe who defign the learned
profelTions as the bufinefs of life. Halts.

To FLY. pret. fleiu or fled; part, fled or
flotvn. 'V. n. [pleo5an, Saxon. Toy?y is
properly to ufe luings, and gives flenu and
flown. To flee is to efcnfe, or to go
aiioay, plean, Saxon, and makes fltd.
They are now confounded.]

1 . To move through the air with wings.

Ere the bat hahfloiL.'n
His cloiller'd flight. Sbakefp. Macbeth.

Fowl that may fly above the earth in the open
firmament of heaven. Gen. 1. 20.

Thcfe men's haftinefs the warier fort of you do
not commend : ye with they had held themfelves
longer in, and not T^Jii-ff fo dangeroully abroad be-
fore the feathers of the caufe had betn grown.

Hooker,

2. To pafs through the air.

Man is bom unto trouble, as the fparks^ upward.

yib, v.

3. To pafs away, with the idea of fwiftnefs
or efcape. j

Ev'n a romance, a tune, a rhyme,
Help thee to pafs the tedious time,
Which elfe would on thy hand remain;
Though ^sif«, it ne'er looks back again. Prior.

4. To pafs fwiftly.

The fcouts with^m^ fpeed
RtSurn, and through the city fpread the news.

Drydtn.
Earth rolls back beneath the flying Uted, Pope.

5. To move with rapidity.

As ftriplings wliip the top for fport,
On the fmooth pavement of an empty court,
Tlie woidcn cnpns flies and whirls about. Dryden,

6. To part with violence.

Glad to catcli this good occafion,
Moll thoroughly to be winnow'd, where my chaff
And corn Ihallj^j- afunder. Shakefpcare.

He balfas heads to fave his own, made^fy ;
And now, the fullan to preferve, mult die. IValler.

7. To break; to lliiver; to burft afundet
with a fudden explofion.

Behold, a frothy fubftance rife ;
Be cautious, off your bottle_^/W. Swift.

8. [plean, Saxon; flicheu, German.] 'I'o
run away; to attempt efcape. [In this
fenfc the verb is properly to flee, when
fled is formed ; but the following exam-
ples fliew that they are confounded :
they are confounded oftener in the pre-
fent than in the prefer tenfe.]

Which when the valiant elf percciv'd, he leapt.
As lion fierce, upon thc_^/«g prey. Spenfcr.

Ye (liall flee, as ye fled from before the earth-
quake. Zecb. xiv. 5,

Abiather efcaped iniflcJ after David, i ^'<i. xxii.

What wonder if the kindly beams he Ihed,
Rcviv'd the drooping arts again ;
If fcience rais'd her head.
And foft humanity, that from rebellion ^fi/.

Dryden.

He oft defir'd to^ from Ifratl's throne.
And live in Ihades with her and love alone. Prior.

I'll^' from Ihepherds, flocks, and fiow'ry plains;
From fhepherds, flocks, and plains 1 may remove,
Forfake mankind, and all ihe world but love. Pope.

g. To Fly at. To fpriiig with violence

upon J to fall on fuddenly.

A fervatt

FLY

A ftrvjot that he bred, thrill'd witli remorff,
Oppos'd againft the ad, bending his fword
To his great nufterj who, 'hercat enrag'd,
i'lew •!» him, and among'ft chem tell'd him dead.

Hhuktfp.
Though the dogs have ne»er feen the dog-
killer, yet ther will come forth tnify at him.

bacon's Nat. Hift.

No honour, no fortune, can keep a man from

bring miferable, when an ennged confcicnce (hiU

fly at him, and take him by the throat. South.

This is an age timjiies at all learning, and en-

quiretefpecially into faults. _ Sntb.

10. To Fly in the face. To infult.

This would dilcourage any man from doing you
good, when you will either ncgleft him, or,;?;; in bis
face ; and he muft exped only danger to himfelf.

Sufi's Drapier's Litters.

\\, To Fly in the face. To aft in defiance.

Fly in nature'syicf ;
— But how, if nature^ in my fate firft?
— Then nature's the aggrcflbr. Dryien.

12. To Fly off. To revolt.

Deny to fpeak to me ? They're fick, they're weary.
They have travelled all the night ! mean fetches.
The images of revolt ini fying off. Sbakeff.

The iraytor Sjphax
Flev.' off It once with his Numidian horfe.

AdJifon's Cato.

ij. To Fly out. Toburft into paflion.

How eafy is a noble fpirit difcern'd,
From harlli and futphurous matter that fies out
\n contumelies, makes a noife, and ftinks.

Ben Jmf. Calil.

P.:flion is apt to rulBe, and pride yiWiJly out into
contumely and negled. Collier off'rienJJiif.

14. To Jlv out. To break out into li-
cence.

You ufe me like a courfcr fpurr'd and rein'd :
II \f; tut, my fierccncfs vou command. Dryden.

Hapitb, when unoppoKd, Jly out into all the
pageantries of worlhip; but when they are hard
prdlcd by arguments, lie clofe intienchcd behind
the council of TrenL Dryden.

15. To Fly out. To flart violently trom
1 any direftion.

All bodies, moved circularly, have a perpetual
endeavour to recede from the centre, and every mo-
ment would 7^ out in right linct, if they were not
rcltrained. Be/ttley's Sermons.

16. To let Fly. To difcharge.

The t>oify culverin, o'ercharg'd, lets Jly,
And buriH, unairoiog, in the rended Iky. Granville.

17. To be light and unencumbered: as a
flying camp.

To Fly. t). a.

I. To (hun; to avoid; to decline.

Love like a ihadow flies, when fublUnce love
purfues ;
Purfutng that which flies, vrifyiiig what purfues.

Sbaice/peare,
O Jove, I think
Foundations^ the wretched; fuch I mean,
Wheie they Ihould be relieved. Shakejp.

U you jiy phyfick in healih altogether, it will
be 100 Grange lor your body when you (hall need it.
Bacon's EJfays.
O whither (hall I run, or which vt^yjly
The fight of this fo horrid fpe^acle. ' Milton.

1, 'J'o rcfufe afTociation with.

Sleep_^iVnhe wretch; or when with cares oppreft.
And his tofs'd limbs are wearyM into retV,
Then dreams invade. Drydrn's yuvenat,

N .v.ittji, < him like enchanted ground. Dryden.

3. 'I o quit by flight.

DeJalui, 10^ ihe Cretan fhore.
His heavy limbi on jointed pinions bore.
The firft who fiil'd in air. Dryden' t JEn.

4. To attack by a bird of prey.

If a man can tame this monllcr, and with her_^v
other ravcoing fowl, and kill them, it is fomewhai
worth. Uu.on.

5. It is probable ihstflenv was originally the
preterite of fj, when it lignificd vola-

F O A

tion, and ji^cr/ when it fignified efcape :
fonjun (hould be confined likewife to
vflation ; but thefe diftindions are now
confounded. I know not any book ex-
cept the Scriptures in v/hichjly and fee
are carefully kept feparate.
Fly. »./. [pleoje, Saxon.]

1 . A fmall winged infed of many fpecies.

Asfles to wanton boys, are we to th' gods;
They kill us for their fport. Shiikeffean.

My country neighbours begin to think of being in
general, before they come to think of the Jly in
their (heep, or the tares in their corn. Locke.

To prevent itit fy, Ibme propofe to fow alhcs
with the feed. Mortimer's Hujhundry.

To hecdlcl's flies the window proves
A conltant death. Thomfon's Summer.

2. That part of a machine which, being put
into a quick motion, regulates andequa-
lifes the motion of the reft.

If we fuppofc a man tied in place of the weight,
it were eafy, by a finglc hair faftened uiitoiheji^ or
balanccof the jack, 10 draw him up from the ground.

mitins.

3. That part of a vane which points how
the wind blows.

TVFly'blow. v, a. \ffy an& bloiv.'] To
taint with flies; to fill with maggots.

i am unwilling 10 believe that he deligns lo play
tricks, and lo flyilo-u my words, to make others
diftarte them. Stillingfleet.

Like a flyblovirt cake of tallow ;
Or on parchment, ink tum'd yellow. Sviift.

So morning infet^s, that in muck begun.
Shine, buz, tni flybtoiu in the fetting fun. Pope.
Fly'boat. w. /. [fly and boat^ A kind

of vefl'el nimble and light for failing.
Flyca'tcher. ».y: [^ and fa/f^.j One
that hunts flics.

There was more need of Brutus in Domitian's

days, to mend, than of Horace, to laugh at a fly-

catcler. Dryden.

The fwallow was a flycatcher as well as the

fpider. VEflrange.

Fly'ir. tt.f, [Uom fly. 1

1. One that flies or runs away. This is
written more frequently^/rr.

They hit one another with darts, as the oihcrs d*
with their hands, which ehey never throw counter,
but at the back of theflier. Sandys's jiourney.

He grieves fo many Britons fhould be lort;
Taking more piiii!, when he beheld ihem yield.
To lave ihc^icri than to win the held. H'aller.

2. One that ufes wings.

3. The fly of a Jack.

4. rin architefturc.] Stairs made of an
oolong fquarc figure, whofe fore and
back fides are parallel to each other, and
fo are their ends: the fecond of thefc

J/)erj ftands parallel behind the firft, the
third l)chind the fecond, and fo are faid
to fly off from one another.

Moxon's Mech. Exer.
To Fly'fish. t. ». [fly and flj/?.} To
angle with a hook baited with a fly,
either natural or artificial.

I fhall gi»c you fome direflions (or fly-fljhing.

IVaJon.
FOAL. n.f. [pola, Saxon.] Tlie offspring
of a mare, or other beaft of burthen. The
cuftom now is to ufe coltior a young horfe,
and foal for a young mare; but there was
not originally any iuch diftinition.

Alfo flew his fteed.
And with his winged heels did tiead the wind,.
As he had been a/o.// of Pcgafus's kind. ^. ^•
Twenty Ihc-allcs and ten Jaals. Gen. xxxii. 15.

To FoAL. -v. a. [from the noun.] To
bring forth. Uud of maics..

F O C

Give my horfe to Timon : xtfalt me ftraight
Ten able horfes. Shakffeare's Timon.

Such colts as are
Of generous race, ftraight, when they Erft xtfoal'dy
Walk proudly. May's Georglcks.

To Foal, i-, n. To be diftjurthened of
the foetus. Ufed of beafts of burthen.

About September take your mares into the houfe»
where keep them 'till they foal.
^ , Mortimer's Hi/Jiandry.

Fo'albit. 1 , „,

F'o'alfoot./'--^- P^"'«-

FOAM. n. /. fpam. Saxon.] The white
fubftance which agitation or fermentation
gathers on the top of liqueurs ; froth;
fpume.

The foam upon the water. Hof. x. 7.

Whiteiiiiig down their mofly tinftur'd ftrcam
Dcfcends (he billowy yiow. fhomfon's Spring,.

To Foam. -v. n. [from the noun.]

1. To froth ; to gather foam.

What a beard of the gcner.il's cut will do among
foaming bottles and alc-wafli'd wits, is wonderful.

Shakejp. Henry V.

Cafar fell down in the market-place, inijoam'j

atmauih, and was fpeechlefs. Shakefpiarc

To Pallas high ihe J'oaming bowl he crown'd.
And fprinkl'd large libations on the ground. Pope.

Upon :xfo.imIn^ horfe
There lollow'd ftraight a man of royal port. Ro'we.

2. To be in rage; to be violently agitated*

Wtfiamitb, and gnalheth with his teeth.

Mar.Xxmr.

Fo'amy. ailj. [from foam.'] Covered
with foam ; frothy.

More white than Ncptune's_/ia»iji face^
When ftruggling rocks he would embrace. Sidney,

Behold liow high ihejoamy billows ride !
The winds and waves are on the juller fide.

Drydeit,

FOB. n.f. [ fieff c, fuffxcie, Germzn.} A.
fmall pocket.

Who picked a foi at holding forth. Hudiirat.

When were the dice with more piofufion thrown ?.
The well-fill'dyii, not empty 'd now alone. Dryd.

He put his hand into his Vo^,. and prefented me
in his name with a tobacco-ltopper. Addijon^

Two pockets he called 'h\%fol>s: they were two
large 11 us fqueezed clofe by the preflurs of bis belly.

Sivift.^

Orphans around his bed the lawyer fees.
And t.ikes the plantiff' s and defendant's fees;
His fellow pick-purfe, w.itching ibr a job,.
Fancies his finger's in the cully 'syi/ii. Swifi,

To Fob. 1'. a. [futpen, German.]

1. To cheat; to trick; to defraud,

I ihiuk it is fcurvy, and begiiito find my^Mf6bb'(t
in it. ' Sbakefp. (Jihello.

Shall there be a gallows ftknding in England when>
thou art king, and refolution rhu^fo/jh'd as it is with-
the rufty curb of old fjiher .lutick the law.

Shakifpeare' s Henry IV_

He goes prelTing forward, 'till he was fobbed
again with another ilory. L'Eflrange..

2. To Fob cjf. To fliift ofl^; to put afidc
with an arrificc; to delude by a trick.

You muft not think
^o fob (i^ your difgraccs with 3 tale. SbakefA..

For they, poor knaves, were glad to cheat>
To get their wive:* and children meat;.
But thele will not hejobb'd off (0,
They muft have wealth and power too. Hutiibras.

By a Ravenna vintner once betray 'd.
So much for wine and water mix'd I paid;
But when 1 thought the purchas'd li(|uormine.
The TiScAJobb'd me off with only wine. Addifon^
Being a great lover ol country-fports, 1 abfolutely
determined not to be a miniftcr of ftate, nv to be
fobbed off with a garter. Addijou's Freeholder..

Fo'cAL. adj. [from facus.\ Belonging to-
the focus. See Focus.

Schclhammcrdcmandcth whether the convexity orr
concavity ot the drum tuUc£ts r<|J» into a _/»«/ point
or ftallcis tlicm. Derham,

Fo'CEt

FOE

Fo'ciL. «./. [/.rf/^. French.] The greater
or lefs bone^tween the knee and ankle».
or elbow and wrift.
The friaure was of bolh ihtfocilt of the left leg.

IVifeman.

Focilla'tiov. »./. [/sf.7/o, Lat.] Com-
fort; fupport. •^"'•

fO'CC/S. ». /. [Latin.] '

I. [In optlcks.J The focus of a glafs is
the point of convergence or concourfe,
where the rays meet and crofs the axis
after their rcfraftion by the glafs.

The point from which rays diverge, or to
which they converge, may be called iheiry: car.

Newton's Of licks.

Z. Focus 0/ fl Parabola. A point in the
axis within the figure, and dittant from
the vertex by a fourth part of the para-
meter, or latus rilium. Harris.
3. Focus c.f an ElUpfis. A point towards
each end of the longer axis ; from whericc
two right lines being drawn to any point
in the circumference, (hall be together
equal to that longer axis. Harris.
A. Focus of the Hyperbola. A point in
the principal axis, within the oppofite
hyperbolas ; from which if any two right
lines are drawn, meeting in either of the
"oppofite hyperbolas, the difference will be
equal to the principal axis. Dia.
I'ODDER. n.f. [po«ne. po^ep, Saxon.]
Dry food ftored up for cattle againft

winter.

Their cattle, ftarving for want o\ fodder, cor-
rupted the air. KndUs's Hifiory of ,he Turh.

Being not to be r»ifed without wintering, they
will help to force men into improvement of land by a

• rcceffity of /<-</</?'-. ,, „. . .^'"'''''■

Of grafs mi fodder thou defraud'ft the dams.
And of their mothers dugs die ftarving lambs.

Dryd. Virgd.

To Fo'dder. 'v.a. [from the noun.] To
feed with dry food.

Natural earth is taken from juft under the turf of
the beft pafture ground, in a place that has been well
fodderehv,. - ■£*'6"'-

From Winter keep,
Vf c\\ fodder' d in the ftalls, thy tender (heep.

■' Dryd. Virgil.

A farm of fifty pound hath commonly three

•b«m», with as many cowyards to fodder aiiit in.

Aloriimer's 'Hufbandry,

Stnw will do well enough to fodder with.

Mortimer.

•ro'DDEittR. «. /. [from fodder.'l He

who fodders cattle.
-FOE. »./. [pah, Saxon ; fat, Scottilh.]

1 . An enepay in war.

Ere he had eftabliihed his throne,
He fought great battles with his favage/«,-
In which he them Jcfealcd ever mote. Fairy Sjieen.

Never but one more was either like
Tomeet fore>«>/'"- . ^'^""'■

2. A pcrfecutor; an enemy in common

Cod's benlfon go with you, and with thofe
That would make good of bad, and friends of >«.

Shakefpeare.
Forc'd by thy worth thy/« in death become.
Thy fiiend has lodg'd thee in a collly toiiib.

' Drydcn'i rao.

Thydefea«tolnow,
Make ufc of tvVy friend, and ev'ry/«. fofe.

a. y\i? opponent ; an illwifher.

He that conllders aud eniiuiics into the reafon of
.thinp. i. counted a> to ^'"'"^j^/--, ^,^j

Fo'eman. ». /. [from /o^ and^<7«.]
Knemyinwar; antagonilt. An obfolete
word.

F O I

Here haunts that fiend, and does his daily fpoil } |
Therefore henceforth be at your keeping well.
And ever ready for your/cf man fell. Fairy ^ueH.

What vihiDt foeman, like to Autumn's c«»
Have we mow'd down in top of all their pride f

Sbakeffeare's Henry VI .

FOETUS, n.f. [Latin.] The child in the

womb after it is perfeftly formed : but

before, it is called embrio. ^iiscy.

Afatut, in the mother's womb, differs not much

from the liale of a vegetable. Locke.

FOG. n. f. [/»j-, DaniOi, a ftorm.] A
thick mift ; a moift denfe vapour near
the furfacc of the hnd or water.

Infedt her beauty,
You fenfuck'd/ogi drawn by the pow'rful fun.
To fall and blaft her pride. Shakefp.

Leirer mifts andy^t than thofe which covered
Greece with fo long darknefs, prefent great altera,
tions in the fun and moon. Raleigh.

Fly, fly, prophane/o^j.' far hence fly away ;
Taint not the pure ftreams of the fpringing day
With your dull influence : it is for you
To fit tkA fcoille upon night's heavy brow.

Crajhatv.

Fog! we frequently obferve after funfetting, even
in our hotted months. Woodivard.

Fog. n.f. [foga^ium, low Latin. Gramen
infonjia regis locatur pro fogagio. Leges
foreft. Scotica.^ Aftergrafs; grafs which
grows in Autumn after the hay is mown.

Fo^GGiLY. ad-v. [from foggy.'\ Miftily ;
darkly; cloudily.

Fo'gginess. n. f. [from foggy.'] The
ftate of being dark or mifty ; cloudinefs ;
miftinefs.

Fb'GGY. adj. ffrom/o^. , „ . ..

1. Mitty; cloudy; dank; full of moift
vapours.

Alas! while we are wrapt \a foggy mift
Of our felf-love, fo paffions do deceive,
We think they hurt, when moft they do alCft.

Sidney.
And Phttbus flying fo, moft (hameful fight,
His blufliing face in >ggjr cloud implies,
And hides for flume. Sfenfer.

Whence h.ive they this mettle ?
Is not their climate/=gs>' raw and dull ?
t Shaktff. Henry V.

As cleere Phoebus, when fome/«gg> cloud
His brightneffe from the world a wlulc doth ftrowd.
Doth by degrees bcginoe to Ihew his light. Brown.
Let not air be fubjetf to any foggy noifome-
nefs, from fens or marfhes near adjoining.

H'olton's ArchiteEfure.
About Michaelmas, the weather la.-V, and by
no taziiii foggy, retire your rarert plants.

Evelyn's Kalettdar.

2. Cloudy in underftanding; dull.

FoH. iiiterjea. [from pah, Saxon, an ene-
my.] An interjeftion of abhorrence:
as if one fhould at the fight of any thing
hated cry out a foe!

Not to affcd^ many propofed matches
Of her own clime, complexion and degree.
Whereto we fee in all things nature tends.
Fob! one may Iracll in fuch a will moft tank,
Foul difproportions, thoughts unnatural. Sbakrfp.

FOI'RLE. «. f. [French.] A weak fide ;

a blind fide; a failing.
He knew itit foii/es of human namre. friend.
The witty men fometimes have fcnfe enough to

know their ovin foible, and therefore they craltily

(hun the attacks of argument. H'mis'i Lagick.

To FOIL. 'V. a. [affoler, to wound, olJ

French,]
I. To put totheworlt; to defeat; though

without a complete viftory.

Amaiemen! fcii'd
Tlie rebel thrones ; but greater rage to fee
Thu5/w/'</ Cieit mighliell. Millon.

F O I

Leader of thofe armies bright.
Which but th' omnipotent none could hin foii'd!

Miltoti.

Yet thefe fubjefk not: I to thee difclofe
What inward thence 1 feel, not li\ackrc foU'd : .
Who meet with various objeds, from the ftiil'e
Varioufly reprefenting ; yet ftill free.
Approve the beft, and follow what I approve.

Millon.

Strange, that your fingers (hould the pencil /o.'/,
Without the help of colours or of oil ! H<i/ler.

He had been foiled in the cure, and had left it to
nature. K'i/em.in's Surgery.

In their conflifls with fin they have been fu
often foiled, that they now defpair of ever ^ettius
the day. CtLimy'i Seimons.

Virtue, difdain, defpair, 1 oft have try'd ;
Aud, foil'd, have with new arms my foedcfy'd.

Dryden.

But I, theconfort of the thundcrer.
Have wag'd a long and unfuccefsful war;
With various arts and arms in vain hav; loil'J,
And by a mortal man at length am foil' J. DryJ.-T
z. IFoiiilUr, French.] To blunt; to dull.

When light-wing'J toys
Of feathei'd CupiJ/i«V with wanton dulnefs.
My fpeculative and offic'd inftrumciiti. Shakrff,

3. To defeat ; to puzzle.

Whilft I am fuUowing one charaflcr, 1 am crofs'd
in my way by another, and put up fuch a variety of
odd creatures in bolh fexes, that they_/i;7 the fceut
of one another, and puzile the chace. Addfon.

Foil. n./. [from the verb.]

1. A defeat; a mifcarriage ; an advantage
gained without a complete conqueft.

We of thy cunning had no diffidence;
One fudden_/i;; ftiall never breed diftrult. Shak.

Whofoever overlhroweth his mate in fuch fort,
as that either his back, or the one Ihoulder, and
contrary heel do touch the ground, (hall be ac-
counted to give the fall : if he be endangered, and
make a narrow efcape, it is called a/c;V. Girrtf .

So after many a/oi7 the tempter proud.
Renewing frclh aflTiults, amidft his prije.
Fell whence he ftood to fee his viiilor fall. Millon.

When age fhall level me to impotence.
And fvreating pleafure leave me on ihtfoil.

Southern.

Death never won a ftake with greater toil.
Nor e'er was fate fo near a foil. Drjdcn.

2. [fc»///<-, French,] Leaf; gilding.

A ftately palace, built of fquared brick.
Which cunningly was without mortar laid,
Whofe walls were high, but nothing ftrong nor thick.
And goIden/o(V all over them difplay'd. Fairy Siiieen .

Fame is no plant that grows on mortal foil.
Nor in the gliftering/o/V
Set oft" to th' wotld, nor in broad rumour lies.

Millon.
5. Something of another colour near which
jewels are let to raife their luftre.

As ftie a black filk cap on him begun
To fet (or foil oi his milk-white to ferve. Sidney.

Like bright metal on a fullen ground.
My ret'ormalion glittering o'er my fault.
Shall Ihew more goodly, and attraft more eyes.
Than that which hath no/w7 to fet it off. Sbakefp,

The fullen pa(T.ige of thy weary fteps
Eftecm ifoil, wherein thou art to fet
The precious jewel of thy home. Shakefpeare.

'Tis the property of all true diamor.ds to unite
the/i/V clofely to itfclf, and thereby belte. augment
its luftre; the foil is a miitureof maftich and burnt
jyory. Gteiv's Mufeenm.

Heftor has a foil to fet him oft": we oppofe the
incontinence of i'arls to the temperance of Heftor.
Broome on the Odyffey.

4. [From /««///cr, French.] Abluntfword
ufed in fencing.

He that plays the king fhall be welcome ; his
majefty (hall have tribute of me; the adventurous
knight (hall ufc his/o;'/ and target. Shakr/p.

Fo'iLER. fi.f. [(rom foil.] One who has
gained advantage over another.

To FOIN. -v. II. [foindie, Fr. Skinner.]
To pu(h in fencing.

k

F O L

He hew'd, Mid lafli'd, mifctn'i, and thiiader'd
blows.
And every way did feck into his life ;

Ne plate, ne mail, coui ward fo mighty throws.
But yielded paflage to his cruel kni!e. Fairy Slueen.

He cares not what mifchiefhc doth, if his weapon
be out: he will yi/a like any Jevil ; lie will fiiare
aeither man, wom.in, nor child. ■ Shjkef^eure,

Then both, no moment loft, at once aiivance
Againft etch other, arm'd with fword and lance:
They lalh, they Joint they pafs, they Ilrive to bore
Their corflets, and the thinnetl parts explore. Dryd.

FoiN. «. /. [from the verb. j Athruft;a

pulh.
Fo'i N I NG LT. adv. [frorayw/?,] In a pufh-

ing manner,
f o'lioN. ». /. [poij-on, Saxon.] Plenty;
abundance. A word now out of ufe.

PayjulHy thy tithes, whalfocver thou be,
Tilat God may in bltlfing ieaif'/ifon to thee. Tuff.

Be wilful to kill, and umkiltul to tt^re,
And look for nofoifon, 1 tell thee before. Tujfti .

Nature Ihould bring forth,
or its own kind, Mfjifm, all abundance.
To feed my inno.em pcopl;. Shakf/peart's TcmfeJ!.

As thofe that teed grow tull, as blolToming time
That from the feednefi the bare lali*w brings
To tceming_/"-'</i!'r ; fo hrr plenteous womb
Exprellcth his tull tilth and hiiibandrj'. Sbak.

To Foist. ■X'. a. [_/<7»^r, French.] To in-
fcrt by forgery.

Left negligence or partiality might admit or foijl
in abufes and corruption, an archdeacon was ap-
pointed to take account ol <hcir doings. Cjrexv.

Forge law, arjyt-/// intofome by place
Of fome old rotten roll. /Jrji/,vr'i Don Sebajlion.

Fci'sTNEss. ». /. [fromyi^.] Fuftinefs ;
mouldinefs.

Drefs muftard, and lay it in cellar up fweet,
Xxftfoifiimft make it for table unmeet. Tujfer.

Fo'isTV, adj. [See Fusty.] Mouldy;

fully.
FOLD. »./. [plaeb, plb, Saxon.]

1. The ground in which (heep are confined,

His eyes he opcn'd. and beheld a field
Part arable and tillh^ whereon were Iheavcs ;
Newreap'd; the other part, Ibecpwalks and^/iA.

MUk/k.
In thy book record their groans.
Who were thy Oicep, and io tlicirancient_/!>/.y
Slain. Milton.

2. The place where (heep are houfed.

Time drives the flocks from field to/nlj.
When rivers rage and rocks grow cold ;
And Philomel becoraeth dumb.
And all complain of C4rcs to come. RaUigb,

3. The flock of (heep.

And this you fee I fcatcely drag akin;,
Who yeaning on the rocks has left her young.
The hrtpc and promife of my fa;ling_/i/i/. Drydcn,

4. A limit; a boundary.

Secure from meeting, they're diftinAIy roll'd ;
Nor leave their feats, »nd pafs the dreadlid/i/rf.

Crrech,

5. [From pilb, .Saxon.] A double; a
complication; an involution; one part
added to another; one part doubled upon
another.

She in this trite of time
Commits a ttiing fo morftrous, fo difminile
So mvn-jfiUi of favour ! Sbjke/frjrc'i K, Lfjr.

The ancient Egvptijn mummies were (hroj Jed

in a ivumber q\ fsiartii linen, bcfmrarcd *.vith cums.

hantT'i A'.i;.»fj.' llijlory.

Not with indented wave, the ferp:nt then
Prone on the ground, as fince; btif on his rear
Circular baft of rifirg/!>/,ij-, that towtr'd
Fold i)iO\t/old, a furfinw maze • A/iiton.

Let the irjperi' '- •' ^'■■- '"read upot» the bodv,
and let thc/oid, r- ,.irt» fliould be oft< i.

tra«erfed by the Sov '/A. Dr.dm.

With fear and woi, :.jr fti'd, the crowd beholrl;
The gloves of death, with fc-.en difting-jith'd/t/rf/
Ot tough bull hides. Orydtii'i fiT^ll JEn.

Vol, I. ■

F O L

The inward coat of a lion's ftomach has ftrangtr
foldi than a human, but in other things not moth
difltrent. _ Arhuthnot.

6. From the foregoing fignification is de-
rived the ufe oi fold in compofttion.
Fold fignities the (ame quantity added :
as t-iuofold, twice the quantity; tiuenty
fold, twenty times repeated.

But other fell into good ground, and brought forth
fruit ; foinc an hundred f'Jd, fome fixiyfold, fome
thirty/old. M^t!-

At laft appear
Hell bounds high reaching to the horrid roof.
And thrice threefold the gates : three folds were br.ifs.
Three iron, three of adamantine took. Milton.

Theirmartyr'd blood and alhes fow
O'er all th' Italian fields, where ilill doth fwiy
Tile triple tyrant ; that from thefe may grow
A hundredfold. Milton,

To Fold. <k. a. [from the noun.]

1. To (hut (heep in the fold.

The ftar that bids the (hcphcrd/o/</.
Now the topof heav'n doth hold. Milton.

We fee that the folding ot flieep helps ground, as
well by their warmth as by their compolt. Bacon.

She in pens his flocks y/ntifold.
And then produce her dairy (tore,

Willi wine to drive away the cold,
And uiibought dainties of the poor. D^yden^s Hor,

2. [palban, Saxon.] To double j to com-
plicate.

As a vefture (halt thou fold ihero up. Hei. i. ti.

Yet a little deep, a little (lumber, a little folding
of the hands to fleep. Fro-u, »i. 10.

They hefol.len together as thorns. Nah. i. 10.

I have fcen her rife from her bed, unlock her
clofet, take forth paper, yo/i it, write upon't, read
it, feal it, and again return to bed. Shakejpeare,

Confcious of its own impotence, it fjldi its arms
in defpair, and fits curling in a corner. Collier.

Both furl their fails, and ftrip them for the hght ;
Tht'ti folded Iheets difmifs the ufclefs air. Dryd.

3. To inclofe ; to include ; to (hut.

We will defcend s^D^fold him in our arms. Sbjk,
Witnefs my fon, now in the Ihade of death,
Whofe bright outfhining beams thy cloudy wrath
Hath In eternal AakmdfUed up. Hbakefp.

The fires i' th' loweft htl\ fold in the people !

Shalt. Coriol.

To Fold. i/. n. To clofe over another of
the fame kind ; to join with another of
the fame kind.

The two leaves of the one door inn folding, and
the two leaver ol the other door vtt*: folding.

I Kingi, vi. 34.

FOLIA'CEOOS. adj. IfcUaceta, from/o-
imm, Latin.] Cunfilling of laminx or
leaves.

A piece of another, confifting of an outer cruft, of

a ruddy talkyfpar, and a blue vi)i.-! foliaccout fpar.

H'oodv.'ard on Fojf.

Fo'liace. ff.yi [folium, L.a.tin ; fetiillti^/-,

French.] Leaves; tufts of leaves; the

apparel of leaves to a plant.

The great columns are finely engraven with fruits
»t\i foliage, that run twilling about them from the
verv top to the bottom. Adlifon.

Whcri fwelling buds their oi'rom foliage (hcd.
And gently harden into fruit, the wife
Sparenot the liiilc tftfsprings, if they grow
Redundant. Phllifi.

To Fo'liate.t/.h. [fclia/ur. folium. l.atin.J
To beat into laininas or leaves.
Coli foliated, ot any mtt»\Jiliated, cleaveth.

Bacon.
If gold be foliated, and held between your eyes
and the light, the light looks of a grcenifh blue.

Nitvi'-n s Opt.

Folia'tiok. ti.f. [fjlialia, folium, Latin.]

1. The aft of beating into ttiin leave;.

2. Foliation is one of the parts of the
flower, being the colleftion of thofe fu-
gacious coloured leaves called petala.

F O' L

^vhich conftitate the compafs of the
flower; and fometimes guard the frtiit
which fucceeds the foliation, as in apples
and pears, and fometimes (land within
it, as in cherries and apricots ; for the(c,
being tender and pulpous, and coming
forth in the Spring, would be injured by
the weather, if they were not lodged up
within their flowers. ^hicy,

Fo'i.i.^TURE. n. f. [from /a.'mw, Latin.]
The (late of being hammered into leaves.

Diet.

FOLIO. ».f. [fit folio, Latin.] A large book
of which the pages are formed by a Ihect
of paper once doubled.

Plumbinus and Plumeo made lefs progrefs in
knowledge, though they had read over movcfoliot.
It'iitts on tie iMimU

Fo'liomort. i7<//. f folium mortuum, Lat.]
A dark yellow ; the colour of a leaf faded ;
vulgarly called philomot.
A flinty jiebble was of a dark-green colour, atrd

• the extcriour cortex of Tifol'.omort colour. JVooJiv .

FOLK. /:. /. [pole, Saxon ; 'volk, Dutch ;
it is properly a noun colleftive, and has
no plural but by modern corruption.]

1. People, in familiar langu.ige.

Never troubling him, cither with aflting queftionsi
or" hnding fault with his melancholy, hut rather tit*
ting to his dolor dolorous difcotirfes of their own and
QtY.et folks misfortune. Sid/tey.

Doiilaus having married his lifter, had his mar-
riage in Ihort time blcif, tui fo are _/a/-^ wont to fay,
how unhappy foever the children after grow, with »
fon. Sidney,

When with greateft art he fpoke.
You'd think he talk'd like othetfolk ;
For all a ihelorician's itjIcs
Teach nothing but to name his tools. Hudihas,

2. Nations ; mankind.

Thou Ihalt judge the folk lighteoully, and govern
the nations upon earth. P/.i/. Ivii. 4.

3. Any kind of people as difcriminated
from others.

The river thrice hath fJow'd, no ebb between ?
And the o\i folk, time's doting chronicles,
Say it did fo a little time before. Shakffp.

Anger is a kind of bafenefs ; as it appears well iti
the weakncfs of children, women, o\i folks, and (ick
folks. Bacjit.

4. It is now nfed only in familiar or bur-
lefque language.

Old good man Dobfon of the green,
Remembers he the tree has feen.
And goes vi\t\\ folks to (hew the light. Sivifi»

He walk'd and wore a threadbare cloak ;
He din'd and fupp'd at chatge oiothtt folk. Svift.

Fo'l K M o T E . « . /. [from fali and mote.

Thofe hills were appointed for two fpecial ufes,
and built by two feveral nations ; the one is that
which you call folkmotes, built by the Saxons, and
lignifics in the Saxon a meeting of folk. Sfenfer.

Fo'llicLE. n.f. [follicultis, Latin.]

1. A cavity in any body with ftrong coats.'

AUhough there be no eminent and circular folli-
cle, no round hag or veliclc, which long containeth
this humour; yet is there a manifeft recept,TClf of
choler from the liverinto the guts. Broivn.

2, Fcl.'icte is a term in botany fignifying
feed-vcffels, cnpfula fcminalis, or cafe,
which fome fruits and feeds have over
them ; as that of the alkengi, pedicu.
laris. Sec. i^iiticy^

To FO'LLOW. -v. a, [{--oljian, Saxon;

iiolgen, Dutch.]
1. Togo after; not before, or fide by (ide.
I had rather, forfooth, go befutc you like a man,

than/5//»iu himlike a<\v<r6 Sbah-ffeare.

5 H Him

Ml/lon.

3

F O L

Him »nd all hii traia
FaHaw'J in bright proceflion, to behold
Creation, and the wonders of his might,

What couM I do,
But/c/Anc ftrait, invifibly thus leJ?
3 . To purfue as an enemy ; to chafe.

Where ranks fell thiclceft was indeed the place
To feek ScbalKan, tlirough a track of death
l/ol/aw'd him by groans of dying foes. Drydiit.
, To accompany ; not to forfake.
Yet doubt not but in valley and in plain
God iJ as here, and will be found alike
Prefent, and of his prefence many a fign
Still /b//ew/»^ thee, itjll compafling thee round
With goodnels and paternal love, his face
Exprefs, and of his fteps the track divine. Millon.

Up he rode,
Folloru'd with acclamation and the found
Symphoniouj of ten thoufand harps that tun'd
Angelic harmonies. Milton.

A, To attend as a dependant.

And the three eldeft fons of Jefle went and fol.
Imi-eJ S„ul to the battle. i S^m. xvii. 13.

Let not the mufe then flatter lawlefs fway,
Vor/elhiu fortune where Ihe leads the way. Pffe.
r. To go after, as a teacher.

Not yielding over to old age his country delights,
he was at that lime folio-wing^ merlin. ^idntl.

Some pious tears the pitying hero paid,
Ktiijotlava'd with his eyes the fleeting (hade.

OryiiitCi ^«.
VltfolloU) fate, which does too faft purlue.

Dryden,

6, To fucceed in order of time.

%M<^foUovi him as fliall be regiftcr'd,
Part good, part bad, of bad the loiigcr fcroll. Milt.
SigDsfoltozuiitg figns, lead on the mighty year.

Pipe.

•J. To be confequential in argument, as
efiFefts to caufes.

I laugh, when thofe who at the fpcarare bold
And vent'rous, if that fail them, (hrink and fear
What yet they know vm^foUnvj, to endure
Exile, or ignominy, or bonds, or pain. _ Milton.
To imitate; to copy, as a pupil ; or to
be of an opinion or party.

Where Rome keepeth that which is ancienter
and better, others, whom we much more aftia,
Jeaving it for newer, and changing it for worfe, we
had rather Jollavt the perfcftions of them whom
we like not, than in defe£is refcmble them whom

8.

we love.

Hooknr

III patterns are fare to \x.folltjvied more than good
rules. . ^'•'■f.'--

9. To obey ; to obferve, as a guide or di-
ie£lion.

If all who do not follatu oral tradition as their
only rule of faith arc out of the church, then all
mYiofollow the council of Trent arc no ChulHans.

Tilloi/on.
Moft men admit*
Virtue, vhafillciv not her lore. ParaJife Reg.

Fair virtue Ihould Ifollotu thee,
I ihould be naked and alone,

For thou art not in company.
And fcarce art to be found in one. Eve'jn.

10. To purfue as an objeA of defirc.

Fcllavftict with all men. Ileiretus.

FolUtv not that which is evil. J't"-

)I. To confirm by new endeavours; to
keep up indefatigably.

They bound themlelvcs to his laws and obedience;

and in cafe it h.id bctafelloivid upon them, as it

(hould have been, they (hould have been reduced to

(>erpetual civility, , - , . St''"/"-

12. To attend to; to be nulled with.

He that undertakeih and fo'.iovjcih other men's
bufinefs for gain, fliall fall into fuilS. ilVWr/.

I0 Fo'llow. t. n.
1. To come after another.

■The faniine fhall>//ow dole after you. Jcr.

Welcome to all that lead otj'clloiu
To the oracle of Apollo. Bck Ji"/-.'!.

1. To attend fervilely.

Such faiiling rojucj as llicfe footh tTcry pafljoo.

FOL

That in the nature of their lords rebels; ^

As knowing nought, like dogs, butjb/lim'ing. Siji.

3. To be pofterioiir in time.

4. To be confequential, as efFeft to caufe.

If the neglea or abufc of liberty to examinl what
would really and truly make foe his happincfs mil-
lead him, the mifcarriages tbit/elloxv on it mult be
imputed to his own eleflion. Locke.

To tempt them to do what is neither for their
own nor the good of iliofe under their care, gneat
mifchiefs cannot bMjilloiv. L'jcke.

J. To be confequential, as inference to prc-
mifes.

Though there are or have been fometimes dwarfs,
and fometimes giants in the world ; yet it does noi
fdloiu that there mud be fuch in every age, nor m
every country. T^emple.

Dangerous do^rine muft neccflarily follovi, from
making all political power to be noticing el;e but
Adam's paternal power. Luke.

6. To continue endeavours; to perfevere.
Then fhall we know, if we_/si'/ow on to know the
I,ord. W-

Fo'llower. «./. \itom folltnv.']
J. One who comes after another; not be-
fore him, or fide by fide.

Little gallant, you were wont to be a fn/lo^rer;
but now you are a leader ; whether had you raiher
lead mift eyes, or eye your matter's heels > Siai.

No Hop, no flay, but clouds of find arife,
Spurn'd Mi\i call backward on tile fslloii-er's eyes.
' Drjdtn.

2. One who obferves a guide or leader.

The underftanding that Ihould be eyes to the blind
faculty of the will, is blind itfelf ; and fo brings all
the inconveniencies that attend a blind follower,
under the condud of a blind guide. Soutii'i Serm.

An attendant or dependant.

Noyb/Ztiffr but a friend. Pofe,

An affociate ; a companion.

How accompanied, can'li thou tell that ?

— With Poins, and other his continual/s//o«i«vf.

Sb^k. H. IV.
One under the command of another.

1 hold it no wifdom to leave unto the Irilh chiefs
too much command over ihcir Wtndred, but rather
withdraw xhw foiljv.frs from them as much as may
be, andgatheif them under the command of law.

S/jetfer's Xtale of lielanJ.

And forc'd i^neas, when his ihips were lolt.
To leave hii/olloti'trs on a foreign coall. Dryden. I

6. A fcholar; an imitator; a copyer.

Be ^cfalloviert of me, even as I am of Chri*.

I Ctr. x\. I.

The true profeflion of Chrillianity inviolably en-
gages all \UJ' oltetuer : to do good to^U men.

Spratt's Sernfjnf.

Everyone's idea of identity will not be the fame

that Pythagoras and thoufands of inifolhven have.

Locke.

The church of Smyrna profefli:d they worthily

loved the martyrs, as the difciples and Jollo-wen ai

our Lord ; and bccaufe of their exceeding great af-

feftion to their king.and_ their m.illcr. Neljon.

The rtudious head orgen'rous mind,
t'cllviver of God, or friend of humau kind.
Poet or patriot, rofc but to reftore
The faith and moral nature gave before. P'pi-

7. One of the fame faf lion or party.
Fo'lly. w./. {folic, French.]

1. Want of underftanding; weakncfs of
intellect.

This is/0/4 childhood's guid>r.
This is childhood at her fide. Ihru'ktfiutrih ,

2. Criminal weak nefs; depravity of mind.

Think.'ll thou, that duty lliould have dread 10
fpeak.
When pow'r to flattery bows ? To plainnefs honour
Is bound, when m.ijelly \o folly falls. Siaii/f-.

3. Aft of negligence or paffion unbecoming
gravity or deep wifdom. In this fenfeit
has a plural.

Love is blind, and lovers cannot fee
Tbc pretty/"///" that ihtmfelvei commit^

F O N

Fol if tb<7 could, Cupid himfclf would bkni

To fee me thus tranformei to a boy. Siake/jere.

Thy hum'rous vein, thy plealiug/oZ/jr,
Lies all negleffed, all foigot. Prior,

I.eave fuch to trifle with more grace and eafc.
Whom folly picafts, or whole follies pleal'e. Pofr,

To FOME'NT. -v. a. [fomentor, Latin; J9-
menter, French.]

1. To cherilh with heat.
Every kind that lives,

Famefttedby his virtual |>owcr, and warm'd. Milton,

2. To bathe with wartp lotions.

He fomented the head with opiates to procure
fieep, and a Iblulion of opium in v/itu Xa foment ilis
forehead. Arbutlmot.

3. To encourage ; to fupport ; to cherifli.

They love their givings, and foment their deeds n<»
lefs than parents do their children. ff'olt<.n.

Blame then thylelf, as reafon's law reijuires.
Since nature gave, and ihoufomfnt'fl my tirei;. Dryd.

Thcv are troubled with thofe ill humours, which
they tlieinfelves infuled unifonunted in them. Lode,

Fo M E N T A 't 1 o N • tt.f. \Jimetttathn , Frencji,
from f'ometit.^

1. A fomentation is partial bathing, called
alfo lluping, whicn is applying hot flan-
nels to any part, dipped in medicated de-
coftions, whereby tnc ftearas breathe into
the parts, and difcufs obftruifled humours.

Foment AtloncMtlh forth the humour by vapours ;
but yet, in regard of th^ way made by the poultis,
draweth gently the humours out : for it is a gentle
fomentation, and hath withal a mixture of fome llu-
pefadivc. Bjcon's Natural llijiory,

2. The lotion prepared to foment the parts.

The medicines were prepared by the phyficiaits,
and the lotions or /o»n;»rj//o/« by the nurfes.

Arbutbnot,
Fome'nter.»./. \i\ovc\ foment.'] One that
foments ; an encourager ; a fupporter.

Thefe fatal diftempers, as they did much hurt to
the body politick at home, being like humoutt
llirred in the natural without evacu.ition, fo did llicy
produce difadvantageous effi:as abroad ; and better
had it been, that the raifers iXii fomenters of ihenx
I had never fprung up. Hoivil,

FoN. «./. [Scott. A word now obfolete.]
I A fool ; an idiot.

Sicker I hold him fora ptitafon.
That love's the thing he cannot purchafe. Spevfer.

FOND, »./. [/(/», Scottilb. A word of
which I have found no fatisfaftory ety-
mology. To fcrttte K in Chaucer to doat,
to be foolifh.]
I. Foolifli; lilly; indifcreet; imprudetu ;
injudicious.
Tiiat the (Jrecians or Gentiles ever did think it a
foiid 01 unlikely way to feck men's converfion by
fcrmons, we have not heard. Hooker.

He wjs beaten out ol all love of learning by ipnd
ftliool-mafter. AjcLaiii.

Tell thefe fad women.
'Tiifcnd to wail inevitable ftrnlces.
As 'tis to laugh at them. Sbakefbe.irc'i Coriolalikt.

Grant 1 may never prove iafond
To trull man on his oaih or bond. Sbakeff, Timon^

I am weaker than a woman's tear.
Tamer than llcep, fonltr Uian ignorance. Sbake/p.

Fond thoujhis may fall inio Come idle brain ;
But on; belief of all, is ever wife. '^"'

Th'ju fee'll
How fubtly to detain thee I devife.
Inviting thee tohearwliilc I relate ;
ForJI «ere it not in hope of thy reply.

So fond arc mortal men.
Fall'n into wrath divine.
As iheirown ruin on thomfclves t' invite.

'Twas not rtvcnge for griev'd Apollo's wrong
Thofe afs's tars on Midas' temples bung;
huifir:a rcj^cnuiice of his happy wilb. ll'allcr.

But reafon with yoar fond religion tisbOj
For iliany gods ate niaiiy inliai^tcs. Dryden,

■jlhis

IXiT/iet,

Mihm.

Miltm^

F O N

fliii i»A«^,becaufe it is the vir«y to cheat tlijfelf.
•^ Tilbtfin.

Z. Trifling; valued by folly.

Not withyittj/ fheklt. .f thetefted gold,

Or Hones, whole rate are either rich or paor

As fancy values them. Shak. Meaf.for Miaf.

3. Foolilhlv tender; injudicioufly indulpent.

I'm a i<io\\\\\fond wife. Aldijcn.

Like VenusI'Ufhinc
B</ot</ and be Sne. Aiitfan.

4. Pleafed in too great a degree; fooliihly
delighted : with of.

Fame is in itfelf a real good, if we may believe
Citero, who was perhaps xoofor.doi it. Diyden.

\,fond of my well-chofen feat.
My piiflutes, medals, books complete. Prior.

Some are fo JiirJ to know a great deal at once,
and love 10 talk of things with freedom and boWnefs
^fore they thoroughly urderlland them. IVuitt.

TiSFoND. \v,a. [from the noun.] To
To Fo'kdle J treat with great indul-
gence ; tocarefs; to cocker.

Howe'er unjuft your jealoufy appear,
It does my pity, not my anger move:
VW/and it as the froward child of love. Drydeit.

When midft the fervour of the feaft.
The Tyrian hugs, zni fondi thee on her breaft.
And with fweet Iciffes in her arms conftraim.
Thou piay'ft inlufc the venom in her veins. Dryityt.

They are allowed to kifs the child at meeting
and parting ; but a profefTor, who always liaods by,
will not ima them to u& any JondVmg cxprcllioni.

Sivift.

To Fond. v. «. To be fond of; to be in
love with ; to doat on.

How V. ill this fadge ? My mafter loves her dearly {
And I, poor monfter.y^ffi^ as much on him ;
And (he, miftakcn, feems to dote on me. Sbakiff.
Fo'kdle R. «. / [from fond.] One who

fondles. '^' "
Fo'kdlinc. «./. [if om fondle. 1 A pcrfon
or thin» much fondled or carelTed ; fume-
thing regarded with great afFeftion.
Partiality in a parent is commonly u»lm:kjr; for
feitdlinp are in danger to be made fools, and tlie
children tlut are leall cockeied make the bcft and
• ileft men. UE/lraxgr.

The bentof our own mindt utajr favour any opi.
niBn or adion, that may Ihew it to be a fcndliitg of
' _ our own. _ Lackf.

Any body would have guefleJ mifs to have been
bred up under a cruel Itepdame, and John to be the
/md/ittgol»tmia mother. Ariulbnut't Jihn Bull.

BxtA i fotidlifrg and an heircfs,
Dwfi'd like any lady may'refs?
Cocker'd by the fervanu round,
Wa» too good to touch the ground. Sxuift,

Fu'ndly. adv. [from/'jW.]

1. Foo!illiIy; weakly; imprudently; inju-
dicioofly.

Mod (hJIowly did you thefe arms commence,
>"eW/^- brought here, and fooliihly fcnt hence. Shah.

Sorrow andgrief of heart

Makes him fpeak/i.Bt//>', like a frantick man. Shalr.

Ficinus J',i:dlj adyileth, for the prolongltion of

life, that a vein be opened in the arm of feme wholc-

foBie young man, and the blood be fucked. Bann,

The military moiinJ
The Britirti tiles tranfcend, in evil hour
For their proud loes, \\mI fondly brav'd their fate.

PhiUipu
otnc v.iluing thofc of their own Hde or mind.
Still make ihemfelvet the meafurc nf mankind :
F-.ndly we think we merit honour then.
When we but prai/e ouifclves in other men. Poft.

Under thofefacrcd leaves, fceurc
From common lightning of the Ikiei,
Wi fondly thought he might endure
The flalhciof Aidelia's eyes. Stuifi.

2. With great or extreme tendcmcfs,

Ev'n before the fatal engine cloi'd,
A wretched fylph \<yofoi:dly inleipos'd :
late urg'd (he Ihecrs, and (ut the fjtph io twain.

Prior.

A. Phil.

F O O

Fondly or fevqrtly kind. Sjvagi.

Fo'n d n e ss . «./. [from/i//*/.]

1. Foolilhnefs ; weaknefs ; want of fenfe
want of judgment.

Fondntfs it were for any, being free.
To covet fetters, though they golden be. Sfenftr.

2. FocKfh tendernefs.

My heart had ftill fome (ooWihfondnrfHot thee ;
But hence! tis gone : 1 give it to the winds. Addif.

Hopclefs mort-.er!
Whofe/owi/^f/i could comparo her mortal oflFspring
To thofe which fair Latona bote to Jove. "-'■

3. Tender paffion.

Your jealoufy.perveits my meaning ftill ;
My very hate is conftrued into fotidntfi.

Corinna, with that youthful sir,
Is thirty, and a bit to fpare :

Her fondneft for a certain earl ,

Began when I was4iut a girl. Sv.!ft. \

4. Unreafonable liking.

They err that either through indulgence to others, ;
txfondntfs to any fin in thcmlelvcs, fubllitute ior re-
pentance any thing that is lei's than a fincere reilu-
tion of new obedience, attended with faithful endea-
vour, and meet fruits of this change. Hammond.'

FoNE. «./. Plural of /s*-. Obfolete.

A barbarous troup of clownifhyiif. Sptrfer,

Font. «./. Xfcm, Latin ■.fonte, French.] A
ftone veffel in which the water for holy
b.iptif«n is contained in the church.

The prelenting of infants at the holy font n by
Aeir godfathers. Hooter.

I hare no name, no title ;

No, not that name was given me at ihcfrrt. .SAa*.

Fo'KTANEt. tt.f. l/of/M/ei/e, French.] An

ifliie; a difcharge opened In the body.

A perfonpletluuick, fubjetl to hot detluxious, was

advifed to ifoniantl in her arm. K'ljimjn of litji.

FONTA'.SGE.n.f. [from the name of the
lirft' wearer. ] A knot of ribbands on the
top of the head-drefs. Out of ufe.

Thofe old-falhioned fonLiagt! \o(e an cU above
the head : Oiey were poiniid like llceples, and had
lotig loofc pieces of crape, which were fiiugcd, .nnd
hung down their backs. AJdi/^n.

FOOD. fi.f. [psban, Saxon ; 'veeden,T)\i\.<:h,
to feed; feed, Scott.].

1. Visuals; provifion for the mouth.

On my knees I beg.
That you'll vouchfafc me raiment, hti^saifoid.

Shakejf.
Muyh/sft/'ii in the tillage Df the pebr, ,

.Proi\ xUi. 2J.
Under my loWly roof thou haft vonchfaf 'J
To enter, and thefe earthly fruits Io tafte j
pood not of angels, yet accepted Co,
As lh«t more willingly thou could'ft not feem
At hcav'ns high fcilh 1' have fed. Millon.

Tliey give \i%f-.d, which may with neilar vie.
And wax that does the abl>nt fun fupply. H'allrr.

2. Any thing that noiiriflies.

Give Hie fome muiick : mufick, maoiy food
Of us that fradein Icive. &Ukeff. Ant. and Chop.

O (fear fon Edgar,
The/n'.i/of (hy abufed father's wratti.
Might I but live to fee liiee in my touch,
I'd fay, 1 haieyesagain. ^^'"^'ff: /•''"g Lear.

Foo'dkui.. adj. [food and /uil,] Fruitful;
full of food ; plenteous.

There Titj-tis was Wfee, who topk his binh
Fioni hcav'n, his nOtfing from ilicy(/t«^*/carih.

Prydg/r.

I'oo'ay.adj. [itoTnfaed.l Eatable; fit for
food.

To veflcls. wine (he drew j
And into vrtll few'd fa.'Vspout'd/iw/v meal.

FOOT,. »./. [#-/, Welch ; fol, Jflandick ;

fol, French.]
I. One to whom nature ha? denied reafon;

9 natural; an idiot.

U«'ll llioj call mf/^-'i I'Oj f

F O O

— .Ml thy other titles thou haft given away thattfiou
waft born with Shake/f. King Lear,

'Ihc fool multitude, thatchufe by mow,
• Not learning more than the fond eye doth teach,
Which pry not to the interior. 6*/^ij^. Merch. of Venice.
It may be alkcd, vvhctlter the eldcft fon, being a
fool, (hall inherit paternal power before the younger,
a wife man, Locke.

He thanks his ftars he was not born tifool. Pofe.

2. [In Scripture.] A wicked man.

Tht fol hath faid in his heart there is no God.

Pf.Kiv.t.

3. A term of indignity and reproach.

To be thought knowing, you muft firft put the
fool upon all mankind. Dryden's fimenal. Preface,

4. One who counterfeits folly; a buffoon ;
a jefter.

Where's my knave, my fool! Co you, and call
ray fool hither. " Shakefpeare't King Lear.

I fcorn, although their dnjdge, to be their fool
or jefter. Miltm,

If this difguife fit not naturally on fo grave a per-
fon, yet it may become him better than Ait fool't
eo3t. Denhatir.

J. To play the Fool. To play pranks like
a hired jefter ; to jeft ; to make fport.

I returning where I left his armour, found another
•nftead thereof, and armed myfelf therein to f/ay
the fool. Sidney,

6. To flay the Toot, To aft like one void
of common underftanding.

Well, thus we pUy the foals v<\(h the time, an J
the fpiritj of the wile fit in the clouds and mock us.

Shakeffeare'i Henry IV.

Is it «»rth the name of freedom to be a; liberty tu
play the foal, and draw (hame and miljiy upon t
maii'» (fclf I Locke.

7. To. mate a Fool, of. To difappaint; to
defeat.

'Twere as good a deed as todrink when a mm'*
i-huEgry, to challenge him to the field, and thea
to break promifc with him, and make afoolofhim.
Siaiefpcare's Trvclfih Night.

To Fool. v. It. [from the noun.] To trifle ;
to toy; to play; to idle; to fport,

1, in this kind of many fioling, am nothing ta

you ; fo you may continue and laL\h at nothing ftill,

Sbakeffettr's Tempeji.

Foal not : for all may have.

If they dare try, a glorious life, a grave. Herbert,

If you have the luck to be court-fools, thofe that

have either wit or houcfty, you mvyfool withal, and

fpare not. _ Dtnham.

It muft be an induftrious youth that providet

•againft age j and he that foilt away the one, muft

either beg orftarve in theother. L'Eflrange.

Hemuft be happy that knows the true meafures of

/•^''"Jg- VEfirange.

Is this a ti me iot fooling f' Drydett.

To FooL. 'V. a,

1. To treat with contempt; todi'fappoint;
to fruftrate ; to defeat.

And (hall itin more (hamc be further fpoken,
ThM, you arc fool'd, difcarded, and (hook oft> Shjl.

Him uvcr-weaning
To over-reach ; but with the fcrpent meeting,
Pooi'd and bcsuil 'd. Milton's Paradiji- Lo/f.

If men loved to be deceived inijmlrd about their
fpiiitual cftat'j, they cannot take a furcr courfr than
by taking their neighbour's word for that, which can
be known only from their own heart. South.

When I conlider life, 'tis all a cheat ,-
Vorfiol'dwiib hope, men favoorthcdcccit. tiryden.

I'm tir'd with waiting for this chemick gold,
Wliich/o»^ us young, and bcggati us wLen old,

Dr^den.

1 would advifc this blinded fet of men not to giv<.
credit to thofe, by whom (hey have been fo oMei»
/»iA'</ and impofed upon, Addif-)n\ Frceho!il,r.

2. To infatuate ; to make foolifli.

If it be you ih it iHr thefe daughters hearts
Againft their f«tber,y5i)/ me not fo much
To Sear it lamtly. Shakifpeurr' t King Ixa'.

When I am' read, thou feign'ft a ivcak appljufc,
A% if ihon:wetl my tVicnJ, bui-Iai'lk'ft a caufc-:

F O O

This but thy judgraent/oo/t ; the oth«r way
Would both thy folly ai-.d thy fpite betray. Ben Jatifin.

It were an handfome plot,
But Ml of difficulties, and uncertain ;
And he's iofool'd w ith downright honefty.
He'll ne'er bcliew it. Denbum'i Sofby.

A long and eternal adieu to all unlawful pleafures :
1 will no longer be_/oo/fi/ or impol'ed upon by them.
Cahmj's Strmoni.
A boor of Holland, whofe catcs of growing iHU
richer and richer, perhapsyW him f» far as to make
him enjoy lefs in his richci than othen in poverty.

Ttmfle.

3. To cheat : as, lofiol one of his money.
ioo'LBORS. a:lj, [fool and iorir.] Fooliflx
from the birth.

Reply not to me with afoollicrnieH. Sbuk. H. IV.

Foo'lery. »./. [from /«<>/. j
1 , Habitual folly.

Foolery, Sir, docs walk about the orb like the

fun ; it lliines every where : 1 would be lorry. Sir,

but the fool (liouid be as oft with your mailer as with

my mifttefs. Sbahfp. ruetfib Ni^bt.

J, An aft of folly; trifling pcadife.

It is meer f^o^ry to multiply djftinft particulah
Jn treating of things, where the difference lies only
in words. M''atii.

«, Objcft of folly. "■■=" ■"•

That Pythagoras, Plato, or Oroheus believed in
any of thefe/l4/f»/«, it cannot be tufpedtcd.

' Rj/ilgh'i Hlfijiy.

We are tianfported with/Wfr/w, which, if we
underftood, we ihouW defpifc. VEJirange.

foot-HA'ffY. aJJ. [foot and happy ] Lucky
without contrivance or judgment.

"lip, that tlies fair under fail,
.'. < cfcApcd uravvatcb,

i :.»;.....; wait her Vlreck for to bewail :
The mariner, yet half amazed, llares
At perils part, and yet in doubt he dares
.. Tojojathis/ot/-*Jp/>>oveifight. Fairy Slueen.
Foolha'rdinf.ss. ». /. {Uom foolhardy.]
Madraftinefs; courage without fenfe.

There is a difference betwixt daring and fool-

tardiHefs : Lucin and Statius often ventured them

r,t too far, our Virgil never. DiyJen.

,Mti A ialfe gloMng paraiite would call his Joolliar.

.' diitef! valour, and then he may go on boldly becaufe

blindly. ■ ■ ' Souib.

Foolha'rdise. ■». /. [fool and harditfp,

French.] Foolhardinefs ; adventuroufnefs

without judgment. Obfolete. , , . , ,

More huge in ftrcngth than wile in worts )>e Was,
And reafo» withyio/icrrfZ/i; over-ran ;.

Srcro melancholy did his courage pafs.
And was, for terror more, ali-arm'd in Ihining brafs.

Fuhv iijuex.
Y6ova\'K.DY.adJ. [Jhol aai hardy.] Daring
without judgment; madly advoniurous ;
fooliDily bold.

• One mother, when as htrfi^it'barjy child
Did comt too near, and witii his talons play.
Hall dead through fear, her little babc'revil'd.

Faiiy S^ueetT,

Some would be fo folbardy as to prefume to be
more of the cabinet council o» Cod Almighty than
llie angels. HaiuiJ.

li any yet be (ofaolbjrdy,
T' txpofc theml'elves to vain jeopardy ;
I f they come wounded off", and lame.
No honour's got by fuch a maim. lluJiiut.

Foo'LTRAf. //./. [fool and fraf.] A fijare
to catch fools in : as a flytrap.

Betts at the firrt, v/tn/iMttrupi, where the wife
Like fpiders lay in ambulh for the Hies. Oiyden.

Foo'lish. adj. [from^tfj/.]

I, Void of undtrftanding ; weak of intellcft.

Thou/fie/(/6 woman, fceit ihoa not our mourning ?

^Efiir.
Pray do not mock me ;
1 am a iKxyfooliJb fund old man :
1 fear I am not in my perfefl mind. Sbakrfp.

He, of all the mea ihat ever my fxlijb cjcs
looked upon, was the b;ll deferving a fair lady.

abaitjjiiare't Mercbanl ofyenUe.

FO O

2. Imprudent; indifcreet.

We arc come off
Like Romans : neitheryioi^ in our Hands, _
Nor cowardly in retire. Sbakefpeare't Cirlolaniii.

3. Ridiculous; contemptible.

It is ifatlijh thing to make a long prologue, and
to be Ihort in the ftory ilfelf. 2 Alae. ii. yn.

What could the head perform alone, '

I f all their friendly aids were gone ?
Af'JiJh figure he mull make ;
Do nothing elfe but fleep and ake. PrJar.

He allows Uimfelf \nfoolifi hatreds and refent-
ments againft particular perfons, without confidering
that he is to love every body as hmfelf. Law.

4. [In Scripture.] Wicked; finful.

Foo LiSHLV, adv. [from/00/^.] Weakly ;
without underftandiiig. in Scripture,
wickedly.

Although we boafrour Winter (tin looks bright,
Andys3///»/y are glad to fee it in its height ;
Yet fo much fooner comes the Ibng and gloomy night. '

Stvifi.
Foo'lishness. tt.f. [fromfonli/i.]

1. Folly; want of underftanding.

2. Foolilh pradice j. aftu^l deviation from

the right. '

( /■o3///*i«(/; being pr<}pc.'ly a man's deviation from

right reafon, in point of praftice, muft needs confill.
- in Kis pitching upon fuch .ui end as is unfuirable to

his condition, or piteliing upon means unfuiutfle to

the compalVing of his end. Soulb.

Chirm'd by their eyes, their manners I acquifc, ^

And Ihape m^ fool'tjhuefs to their defure. I'rhr,

Fooi.STONfs. K./. A plant. Miller.''

FOOT. n.f. plural /f?/. [jror,- Saxon; iioil,'

Dutch; /a/, Scottifh.]'

1 . The part upon which wc fland'.

The queen that bore thee,
CTTt'ner upon her knees than on \\.txfett.
Died every day IIk livM. Sljakejfiare's Mjcteth.'
His afi'edlion to the.church was lo notorious, that
he never deferred it, till both it and he wore over-run;
and trod \u\iafooi. Cianndan.

2. That by which any thing is fupported.
in the nature of a foot: as, the foot */" a'
table.

3. The lower part ; ihcbafe.

Vond' towers, who<e Wanton lops do bufs the cbuJs,|
Mulk kit's their ^ivinjeet. Sbak. Trciliis and Crejjlda.
Fretting, by little and little, wafhts away and eats
' out both liic tops and fides uni feet of mountains.

4. The end : the lower part.

What difmal cries arc tliofc ? ,

— Nothing; a trifling fum of mifcry, ^ ^^
New added lo thcyi-o' of thy account : '■ . ^

Thy wife is fclz'd by force, and bom away. Dryden.

5. '1 he aiit of walking,

,^^ti•)chus departed, \*ecningin his pride to make
the land navigable, aiid the foapalTabk 'oyfo^t.

% Mac. v. 11.

6. On Foot. Walking; without carriage.

Ifiacl Journejed about fi» hundred thoufand onji-^t.

£x. xii.

7. A pofturc'of aflion.

The centurions and their charges billeted already
in the entertainment, and to be on yiur at an hour's
warning. Sbakr/fture.

8. Infantry; footmen in arms. In this
fenfe it has no plural.

Lufius gathered three fcore thoufand choice men
of/»5<, and five thoufand hnrfemcn. 1 Mac. iv. 28.

Himlclf with all his foot entered the town, his
horfc being quartered abouc it. Clarendon,

Thrice horic a.nifoit about the fires arc led.
And thrice with loud laments they wail tlic dead.

Dryden,

9. State; charadler; condition.

See on vi\Mfaal w« fland ; a fcanty (liorc.
The fca behind, our enemies before. Diydin's JF-n.

In fpccifying the word Ireland, it would feeni to '
infmuatc that we are not upon the fameyiw/ with our
fcUow-lubjeils in Enjls-id, Sv/ft'i Diafur'sLillcrs.

F O O

What colour of excufe can be for the Wntempf
with which we treat this pan of our fpecies, the
negroes, that we fliould not put them upon the cam-
monfaot of humanity, that we Oiould only fet aa
infigpi^nl fine upon the inaawho murders them ?

Addi/mt.

10. Scheme; plan ; fettlement.

There is no wcUwidicr to this country without a-
little hope that in time the kingdom may be on a
better /iar. SHiifr.

I alk whethrt upon iht fact of our conllituiion,
as it flood in the reign of the latt King lames, a
king of England rniy be depofcd ? Svifl.

11. A ftate of incipient e-viftence; firft mo-
tion. Little uled but- in the following
phrafc.

If fuch a tradition wen at' any Amt/et cafaot, it
is not eafy to imagine how k fhould at tirfl gain en-
tertainment; but much more difficult how it Ihould
come to be univcrfally propagated. Tiliolfiit.

12. It fcems to have been once proverbially
ufed for the level, the fquare, par.

Were it not for this eafy borrowing upon inlereU,
men's nec^Hities would draw upon them a : molt
fuddcn undoing, in that they would be forced to fell
their means, be it lands or goods, far unierfaat.

Bacon's FJfays,

13. A certain number of fyllables con-
ftituting a diftinftpart of a verfe.

Fctt, in our Englifh verfifying, without quantity
and joints, be fure figns that the verfe is either-born .
deformed, unnatural, or lame. Afcham's Scbeolmajler,

Oiilll thou hear thefe vcrfes?
.— Oyes, I heard them all, and more too ; for fome
o' tlicm had in thci» more fee! ihan the vcrfes would
•bear. iilijtcffcare.

And Sidney's verfe halts ill on Roman_/irt. fofe.

14. Motion; adion.

. While other jcib arc fomething rank on foot.
Her father hath commanded her to llip
Away with Slender lo marry. Sbakeffeare.

In the government of the- world the number md
vlticly of the ends cm /io.', witli the fecret nature
of moil; thiiigs to. which they reUtc, mulk ofake a
dillinCt remark of their co;igruity, in fome calcs
very difficult, and iafbme unattaioable. Grew.

15. Step. - . I ,

This man's fon would, every foot and anon, be
taking fome of his companions into the orchard.

L'Eflrtnge,

16. A meafure containing twelve inches:
fuppofed 10 be the length of a man's foot.

When it fignifics meafure, it has often, but vi-
^\o\^Ci'^foot in the plural.

An orange, lemou, and apple, wrapt in a linen

cloili, being buried for a fortnight's I'pice (out/^ol

d&cp wiihin the earth, came forth no ways mouldy

or rotten, Baci^.

To Foot. I', a [from the noun.]

1. To dance; to tread wantonly ; to tripi

Lonely the vale and full of hon'or flood.
Brown with the Ihade of a religious wood ;
T.hc moon was up, and fhotaglcamy light;
He faw a quire of ladies in a mund.
That it3\.\y footing feem'dtolkim the ground. BryJ,

2. To walk ; not ride; not fly.

By this the dreadful beafl crew ni^h to land.
Hah flying, and h:kUfootifrg in his halte. Fairy i^uren.

'I'akc heed, have ojwu eye ; for iliievcs do fool by
night. Sbakefpeare.

The man fet the boy upon the afs, and fooled it
himfell. L'E/lrjnge.

If you are for a merry jaunt, I'll trj-, for once, who
anjoot it farthcll. Dryden's iiparijh Fryar.

Wjth them a man fometimcs cannot be a penitent,
unlets he alf'o turns vagabond, and yiwrr it to Jcru-
falcm ; or wanders over this or that part at the
woild, 10 vUit the ihrinc of fuch or fuch a pretended
faint. South.

To Foot. -u. a.

1 , To fpurn ; to kick.

You, that did void your rheum upon my bearJ,
and fool me as you fpurn a llrangcr cur over your
thrclhold. Sbakefpeare.

2. To fettle J to begin to fix.

What

F O O

What confed'racy have you with the traitors
'Litt fioteJ in the kingdom? Sbakr/f. JCiHg Liar.

3. To tread.

Saint WitHoM_/i>i>/f<^lJ.!ice the wold :
He met the night-mare, and her name toljj
Bid her aligbl, and her troth phght,
And jroynt t'lee, witih, aroynt diee right. Sbuftfp.

There haply by the ruddy damfel fern,
O.-Ihepherd boy, they featly/sor th^ green. Ticket.

4. To hold with the foot. Not in ufe.

We are ihc earrh, and they,
Like mol;s v ithin us, heave and caft aboiK}

A:id ti!l thcy_/<ia/ and clult.h their prey,
Thsv ^eve- coil, much lets give out. Herbert.

Foo'tball, ti.f. [foot and 6ai/.]
1. A bail commonly made of a blown blad-
der, cafed '.vith leather, driven by the foot.

Am 1 fo round w;th you .is you ivith me,
That like a /"00/iw// you do fpurn me thus? Sbairj'f,
Such a Winter-piece Ihould be beautified wiih
all manner of works and excrciCa of Winter; as
/ooliati), felling of wood, and Hiding upon the ice.

Peaclam.
As when a fort of lufty (hepherds try
Their force it/iotia'/t, care ot viflory
Makes them laiute Co rudely, brealt to breaft,
That their encounter fcems too rough for jeft. If'^lter.

One rolls along i/xiiatt to his foes.
One witii a broken truncheon deals his blows. Drjif.

2. The fport or praflice of kicking the
football.

He was fenfible the commnn^.otiait was a very
imperfect imiution of that e»ercife.

ylrbutbmt anJ Poft'i Marl. Scrlil.

Foo'tboy. ». /. [foot and %.J A low
menial ; an attendant in livery.

Was it difcretion, lords, to lettJiis man.
This honell man, wait like a lowfy^ori^
At chamber-door > Sl}al(efftMi': Itinry VIII.

Though I had nobody to allill but ifootboy, yet
I made fliift to try a pretty number of things. ' Boyie.

Whenever he imagines advjntajes will redound
to one of Vnfootliiyt by opprclllon of me, hn never
_diVi>uiesir, ^.^if,

Foo'tlridge. n.f. [foot znA bridge.] A
bridge on which paflfcngers walk; a nar-
row bridge.

Palemoo's fliepherd, fearing the footbridge was

not ilrong enough, loaded it fo long, 'till he broke

that which would have born a bigger burden. Sidney

Foo'tcloath. n.flfootiaiichalh.] A

fumptcr doth.

Three times a-day mifaotcl^^tb horfe did ftumbic,
Aqd ftaiied when he iook'd upon the Tower,
As loth to bear me 10 the flaughter-houfe. Sbaltefp.

Footed, adj. [itom/act.] Shatjcd in the

foot.
Snouted and tailed like a boar, mifgoted like a
„«<»/• Grru.'.

Foot FIGHT. »./. [/«/ mdfight.\ A fijjht

made on foot, in oppofition to that on

horfeback.

So began o\xx f-mtjigbt in fuch fort, that we wei*
well entered to biootl of both fides. Sidney.

Foo'thold. n. f [foot and l!>o/d.] Space
to hold the foot; fpace on which one
may tread furely.

. /^",'«'' •? '""'^ •" '()« roots of the tree, and left
it fo luticfiotbM, that the 6rft bUll laid it flat on
tli* ground. VEJIr^nge.

He s at the top: be has nothing above hini to
afpire to, nor »„y fcib^Jd left bim to come down

Foo'tino. »./. [from/oj/.]
I. Groiind for the foot.

I'll read you matie, deep- and dangerous ;
As full of peril and advent'rous fpirit
A» loo'erwaik. a current roaring loud,
Ontheunfteadfa!l/.»„-,gofafpcar. Sbai.Hen.W

ni!j n 'n ' r^'.'"' *''"'■• "'"'"'■>' no m^,^,
Did Oiew ttxtjucting found, for all ihe florxi. Djuic,
In afcems, every Hep gained is a /,«,>^ ,,,,1 h,, '
totheaexj, UMer't El/mem, of SfeeX

TOO

2. Support; root.

Set cloven flakes; and wond'rous fo fcehold,
Their Iharpen'd ends in earth theiryior/wj place.
And the dry poles produce a living race. Dryd. Virg.

3. Bafis ; foundation.
All thofc fublimc thoughts take their rife and

footing here: the mind ftirs not one jot beyond
thofe ideas which fenfe or refleaion have otFered.

T-u /• Loiie.

The reafoning faculties of the foul would not know
how to move, for want of a foundation and fooling
in mod men, who cannot trace truth to it« fountain
andoriginal. , i«.^f

4. Place; pofleffion.

Whether the unOuous exhafations are
Fir'd by the fun, or feemingfo alone;

Or each fome more remote and llcppery ftar,
Wliich lolcs.footing when to mortals ihewn. Dryden

5. Tread; walk.

As he forward moved his footing old.
So backward ftill wa»tum"d his wrinkled face.

T I, . . Spenfrr.

1 would outnight you did no body come :
But hark, I hearthe/sor//igofaman. Shjkeffeure.

Break off, break off; 1 ti:cl the different found
Oflome charte/^o;;>g near about this ground. Milton.

6. Dance.

Make holyday : your ryeftraw hats put o;).
And thcfe frelh nympks eiicoun er every one
In country yi»//;,^. iibak,J^eare'i Tempeji.

7. Steps; road; track.

He grew flrong among the Irilh; and in his
fooling his fon continuing, hath increafed his faid
"^f.";- Sfenfe, on Ireland.

Like running weeds, that have no ceriiin root;
or like fioiingt up and down, impoflible to be
'"""i • Bacon's Henry V 11 .

8. Kntrance ; beginning ; eftabli(hment.

Ever fince our nation had any footing in th

F O P

land,..the ttate of England did defirc to perfeft the
conquet>. . Da-vies

Jhe defeat of Colonel Bcllafis gave them their
brut footing in Yorklhire., Clarendon.

No ufelul arts have yet loundfoting here ;
But ail uauught and favage docs appear. DryJcn.

9. State; condition; fcttlement.

Gaul was on the fame footing with Egvpt as to

„ '"."■ ArbuihHot.

too'TLicKER. »,/ [/oor and //>,*.] Aflave;

an humble fawner; one who licks the

foot.

Do that good mifchief which mav make this ifland
Thine own for ever; and 1, thy Caliban,
For ay ihy/iO/Z/V^,, . Sbatiefj^earc's Tempcg.

V oo't MA^i.n.f. [fool and ma». ]

1. A foldier that marches and fights on
foot.

The numbers levied by her lieutenant did confift
oCfooimcn three millions, of horfcmcn on; million.
; Raleigh- sllijtiry.

2. A low menial fervant in livery.

He was carried in a rich chariot, littcrwife, with
twohorfesat either end, and Iho/.o/otm on cich
f"!?'., , - Jiac,.,,.

Likejooimen running before coaches.
To tell the inn what lord approaches. Prior.

^ One who praftifcs to walk or run.
Foo'tmanship. H.f [horn footman. '\ The
art or faculty of a runner.

The Irilh archers cfpjing this, fuddenly broke up,
and committed the fafety of their lives to ihcit
mnMcJootmanJl.i[,. H.nii:„d.

Yet, lays the fox, I ha« haffled more ul ihem
with my wiles and fhifts than ever you did with
•jowfoimanjbif. J.'EJirange.

Foo'tpace. tt.f. [foot -mA face.]

1. Part of a pair of flairs, whereon, after
four or five ftcps, you arrive to a b«ond
place, where you make two or three
paces before you afcend another Hep,
thereby to eafe the legs in afccnding the
reft of the ftairs. . Moxon.

2. A pace no fatter than a flow w.ilk.

Foo't pad. n.f. [foot and pad."] A ffigh-
wayraan that robs on foot, not on horfe-
back.
Foo'tpath. n. flft^t and path.-] A
narrow way which wifl not admit horfes
or carriages.

Know'ft thou the way to Dover?
—Both ftile and gate, horfcway mi footpath. Sbak.

1"ootpost. n.f [foot and/./.] A poft
or meffenger that travels on foot.

For carrying fuch letters, every thoroughfare
tveelcly appointeth xfooipo/l, whofe difpatch is well
near as fpeedy as the horfes. Care-w

hoo'T STALL, n.f [footzndfa/f.] A wo-
man's ftirrup.
Footstep. »./.[/(,(,/ and;??/.]

1. Trace; track; impreffion left by the
foot. '

Clear-fighted reafon, wifdom's judgment leads,
And fenfe, her vaiTal, in her fooi^eps treads. Denham.

A man Ihall never want crooked paths to walk
in, if he thinks that he is in the right way, wherever
hehas Ihefoor/eps of others to follow. Locke.

2. Token ; mark ; notice given.
Let us turn our thoughts to the frame of our

lyltem, if there we may trace any vilible/oo//?<.6, of
Jlmne wifdom and beneficence. Bemlcy's Sermons.

3. Kxample.
Foo'tstool. „.f [fid andZ-Jo/.] Stool

on which he that fits places his feet.

Thus have we fwcpt fufpicionfrom our feat.
And madeour/M/y?M/offecurity. Shak: Henry V\,

They whofe facred office 'lis to bring
Kinps to obey their God, and men their king,
By thcic myfterious links to lix and tye
Men to the>o/>,/ofthe Deity. Denham' s Soph f.

Let echoing anthems make his praifei known
Un earth, Imfeotjlool, as in heaven his throne.

„ , , , , Rofiommon.

By the phrafe of worftiipping his foo'Jl^jol, no
more is meant than worihipping God at hhfootjioot.
rrs-D ^ r . Stillingfiet.

u "■^' ^ "'"'■'^ probably made by
chance, and therefore without etymolo-
gy.] A fimpleton; a coxcomb; a niaa
of fraall undcrftanding and much often-
tation; a pretender; a man fond of (how,
drefs, and flutter; an impertinent,

A whole tribe oS fops.
Got 'tween afleep and wake. Sbakefp. Kinr Lear,

When fuch a pofuivc abandon'd/o/..
Among his numerous abfurdities,
Stumbles upon fome tolerable line,
1 fret to fee them in fuch company. Rofiommon, ■

Ihe leopards beauty, without the fox's wit, is
no belter ihan »fop i„ a gay coat. L' EJirange.

In a dull ftream, which moving flow.
You hardly fee the curre.it flow ;
When a fmall breeze obltnkls the courfe;
It whirls about for want of force.
And lu its narrow circle gathers
Nothing but chaft; and ftraws, and feathers:
i he current ol a female mind
Stops thus, and turns wiili ev'ry wind;
'1 hus whirling round, together draws
Fools,/,/.,, and rakes, for clK.rt" and rtraws, Siulfi
topDooDLE. n. f [fop and./oWA'.j A
fool; an infigniiicant wretch.

Where ihirdy butchers broke your noJJle, ■
And handled you like ^fypj^odle. Uudihas.

Fo'ppi-ry. >/./ [from/i/;.]
I. Folly; impertinence.

Let not the found of fhallow/sMfry enter

My fober houfe. Shatefp. Mrrchant nfl'rnice

I was three or four times in the thought they

were not fames; and yet the guiltinefs of my mind,

tlie fudden furprife of my powers, d.ovc .he grolfneis

of the Jcppery into a received belief, in defplyht of

the teeth of all ihvme and reafon, lb,u they were

^'-u- • u ■'''"'^'//■■^'"y ff ''*■'• o/mnd/or.

I his IS the excellcit/d/i^^y, of the world, that

when we are (ick in fortune, often the furfciis of

our own behaviour, we make guilty «f ourdifafterj, .

(lie

FOR

th< fun, the moon, »nd ftan, as if «c were villains
on neccffity. Sbahff. Kivg Ltar.

J. Affeftation of fhowr or importance;

ftiowy folly. . _

3. Foolery; vain or idle piaAice; idle

affeftation.

They thought the peopk were better let nlone in
their fofftrtti, than to be fuffered to break ioofc
from that fubjeflion which your fuperllition kept
ihem in. SiillingJIett.

But though we fetch from Italy and France
Oiif fopperies of tune and mode! of dance.
Our Ituidy Britons fcorn to boirow fciilc. Granville,

I ivilh I could fiy uniiat/cpferiei were wholly
abfcnt from graver fubjefts. Su'i/t.

Fo'ppisH. ai//. [from/»/.J
I, Foolifli; iile; vain.

Fools ne'er hid lefs grace in a year;
Tor wile men arc grown /)f/)j^,

And know not ho* llicir wits to weir,
Their manners ate fo apifh. Shxh/p. Klig Lrar

S. Vain in ftiow; fooliflily oftentatious ;
vain of drefs.

With him the prifent ftill fome Tirtoes have ;
The vain are fpriglnly, and the ftapid grave i
The llothful negligent, tWfopprJJj iicjt,
%hc kwd are airy, and tl\e lly difcrsct. Garth.

The Romins grew extremely expenfive an-", fip
'ftflj ; fo that the Emperor Aurelian (orbid men that
variety of colours on their dices, allowing it ttill to
women. Ariuthnar.

You would know who is rude and ill-natured,

who is vain and foff^fit who lives too high, and

X-- who is in debt. haw.

Fo'ppiSHLY. aifo. [from/ff//;/^.] Vainly;

oftent-itioufly,
■Fo'ppisHNESs. n. f. [from /o//j^.] Va-
' nity ; ftiowy or oftentatious vanity.
Fop'PLiNG. «./. [from/«7».] Apettyfop;
an under-rate coxcomb.

Thy works in Chloe's toilet gain a part.
And, with his tailor, (hare \!&efappl4ng'i he.irt.

Tickel.
FOR. prep, [pop, Saxon; voor, Dutch,]
I. Becaufeot'.

That which wc for our unworihinefs are afraid
(o crave, our prayer is, that God fir the wortliinefs
of his fon weiild notwithllanding vouchfafe to grant.

timkir.
Edward and Richard
With fiery eyes, fpaiklingyi'' very wrath.
Are at our backs. Shakefp. litnry VI.

Speak, good Cominiusj
JCeave nothing out/oi- length. Shakifpcare.

for as much as the cjueltion cannot be kanncd,
unlefsthe time of Abraham's journey be contideied
of, I will fearch into a tradition oincerning his
travels. Rtleigh's HiJIory.

An aftrologer faith, if it were not tor two things
that are condant, no individual would lalt one mo-
ment. Bjcor:.
For 3% much as it is a fundamental law in the
Turkifti empire, that they may, without any other
provocation, make war upon Chriftendom for the
propagation of their laws; fo the Chriftians may
at all times, as they think good, be upon the preven-
tion. Baton's H'ar viih Spain,
The governor fallying out, took great ftorc of
viflual and warlike provifion, which the Turks had
■for hade left behind them. Kmllcs's Uijl'.ry.
Their offer he willingly accepted, knowing that
he Was not able to keep that place three days, for
lack of viduaU. Knoliet,

Quit, <|uit,_/c.r Ihame | this will not move.
This cannot take her :

If of berfelf flie will not love,

Nothing can make her. Surkling.

Care not for frowns or fmiles. Denbum's ^ophy\

The hvpocrite or carnal man hopes, and is the

wickeder /ir hoping. Hammortd*s Frafl, Catrch,

Let no man, yi' his own poverty, become more

•pprefTiog in his bargains ; but quietly recommend

♦lis edate to God, and leave the fuccefs to him.,

'Taylor.
JPetfons who have laft moft of thtif jrinders,

FOR

having been compelled to ufe three or foBr only ii I
chewing, wore them fo low, that the inward netvf
lay bare, and they would no longer/or pain make
ufe of them. Roy on the Creation.

I but revenge my fate; difdain'd, betray'd.
And fuff'riiig death/or this ungrateful maid. Dryden.

Sole on (he barren fands, the fuff'ring chief
Roar'd out/or anguifli, and indulg'd his grief. Dryd.

For his long abfence church and ftate did groan,
Madnefs the pulpit, faftion fciz'd the throne. Dryd.

Nor with a fupcrftitious fear-i« aw'd
For what befalls ai home, or what abroad. Dryden.

I, ray own judge, condemn'd myfelf before ;
Tor pity, agjravate my crime no more. Dryden.

Matrons of renown.
When tyrant Nero burnt th' imperial town,
Shriek'd /or the downfall in a doleful cry.
For which their guiltlefs lords were doom'd to die.

Dryden.

Children, difcountenanccdby their parents_/Sr any

fault, find a refuge in the careffes of foolilh Batterers.

Vocke.
A found mind in a found body is a (hort but full
defcnptionof a happy ftatc in this world: he that
has thefa two has little more to wi(h/or, and he
that wants either of the:\; will be but little better
y'o- any thing clfc. Locke.

The middle 0: thegu'phis remarkable /or tem-
pciis. AJdifon.

My open'd tlnught to joyous profiieft railc,
And /or thy mercy let m'e ling thy praife. Prior.

Which bcft or worft-you could not think,
And die you maWfor want ol'dnnk. Prior.

It is a motl inf.imous fcandal upon the nation, to
reproach them/ir treating foreigners with contempt.

S^ivift.

We can only give them that liberty now _/5;-

fomethinj, which ihey have fo many years exerciled

/jrnothing, of railing and fcribbling againli us. S^wifi.

Your fernions will be lefs valuable, for want of

time. Hiclft.

z. With refpeft to: with regard to.

Rather our date's defeftiveyiir requital.
Than we to dretcli it our. Shakeff. Corlolamis.

A paltry ring
That (he did give me, wliofe poefy was.
For all the world, like cutler's poetry
Upon a knife; love me and leave me not. Shakrfp.

For ail the world.
As thou art at this hour, was Richard then. Shak.

It was young counfelJTar the perfons, and violent
counfeiybi- the matters. Bacon i Ejfays,

Auihority followctli old men, aild favour and po-
pularity youth; hM for the moral part, perhaps,
youth will hare the pre-eminence, as agt hath list
the politick. Bacon's Ujj'ays.

Comets are rather gazed apon than wifely oblerved
in their efJisas; that is, wliat kind of comet /or
magnilude or colour, produceth what kind of eftcds.

B.\:on's ^jfays.

For me, if there be fuch a thing as I. (fuller.

Mi faith ihelc honours confided in prcferving their
memories, and prai^ng their virtues; but/cr any
matter of worlhip towards them, he utterly denies it.

S tilling fit rt.

Our laws vrtnfor their matt*r foreign. llales.

Haw for the government, it is ahfohitc monarchy ;
there being no other laws in China but the king's
command. Temple.

For me, no other h.ippinefs I own.
Than to hive born no illjc to the throne. Dryden.

For me, my dormy voyage at an end,
I to the port of death fccurcly tend. Diydcn't JEn.

Alter death, wc Iprights have jurt fuch natures
We had, for all the world, when human creatures.

Dr\den.

Such little wafps, and yet fo full of fpite (
For bulk mere infedls, yet in mifchief drong. 'Tate.

Hobbcs has given us a correct explanation of the
fenfc in general ; but for particulars and circum-
dancos, he continually lops them. Pope.

Lo, fome are vcllom, and the rcll as good,
For all his lordrtiip k^iows, but they arc wood. Pope.

3. In this ffiife it has often ai before it.

W(/or Maramaldus the general, they had no juft
caufe to midikc him, being an old captain of great
experience. Knollcs,

4, In the charafter of.

• If a man be fully adufe* of any thing for »

FOR

trutli, without having examined, what u there tjiat
he may not embraceyoc truth ! icck.;

She thinks you favour'd :
But let her go, for an ungrateful woman. A, Philip;,

Say, is it fitting in this very field,
This field, where from my youth I've been a carter,
I, in this field, (hould die /cr adcfcrter? Gay,

5. With refemblance or.

I hearyir certain, and do fpeak the (ruth,
The gentle York is up. Sbakefp, Henry IV,

Now, nowyir fure, deliverance is at hand,
The_ kingdom fliall to Ifrael be reftor'd. MilioH.

The darlling deed wasfeiz'd with fudden fright.
And, bounding, o'er the pommel cad the knight :
Forward he flew, and pitching on his head,
He quiver'd with his feet, and lay/or dead, Dryden.

6. Confidered as ; in the place of.

Our prefent lot appears
For happy, though but ill ; for ill, not worft.
If we procure not to ourfelvcs >m>re woe. ATiltcn.
The council-table and (lar-chamber held for ha.
nourable that which pleafed, and/or juft that which
profited. Clarendon.

7. In advantage of; for the fake of.

An ant is a wife creature for itfelf ; but it is a

(hrewd thing in an orchard. Bacon,

He refufed not to die for thofe that killed him,

and (hed his hlooifcr fome of thofe that fpilt it.

Boy/e.
Shall I thiift the world was made_/5» one.

And men are born/or kings, as beafts/i.r men,

Notyir proteiflion, but to be dcvour'd i Dryden,
Read all the prefaces of Dryden,

For thofe our criticks much confide in j

Though meerly writ at &tHfo,r filling,

To raife the volume's price a (hilling. Sv/tfi,

8. Conducive to ; l>enelicial to.

It hfar the general good of human fociety, and
confeqiiently of particular perfons, to be true and
juft; and it hfor men's health to be temperate.

Tilloifon.

It can sever bejfiir the intered of a believer to do
me a mifchief, becaufe he is fure, U|ion the balance
of accounta, to find himfelf a lofer by it. Addifcn.

9. With intention of going to a certain
place.

We failed from Vcnfor China and Japan. Bacon.

As ihe was brought /-j- England, Ihe was catt

away ne.ir Harwich haven, ll.iyn'ard.

We failed diiefllyyir Genoa, and had a fair wind.

Addifon^

10. In comparative rcfpeiSl.

For tulks with Indian elephaius he ilrove.
And Jove's own thunder from his mouih he drove.

Dryden,

1 1 . With appropriation to.

Shadow will fervc/'r Summer: prick himj for

vie. have a number of (hadows to fill up the mufter.
book, Shakejpcaye,

12. After 0.in expreffion of defire.

Ofor a mufe of fire, tlwt would afcend
The brightcd iKaven of invention! Sbahfp,

13. In account of; in foliition of.

Thus muchyi/- the beginning and progrefs of the
deluge. Burnet'i Theory of the Earli^

14. Inducing to as a motive.

There is a natural, immutable, and eternal rcafon
_/irthat which we call virtue, fntl againft that which
we call vice. " Tilhtfun.

15. In expectation of.

He mud be back again by one-and-twenty, to
marry and propagate : the father cannot day anV
longer yir the portion, nor the mother_/e, a new fct
of babies to play with. Lockr.

i6. Noting power or pofTihility.

For a holy pcrfon to be humble, for one whom
all men efiecm a faint, to fear left himfelf becontc
a dcVil, it as hard as /ir a prince (o fubmit himfelf
10 be guided by tutors. Taylor.

17. Noting dependence.

The colours of outward objefls, trouf ht into a
darkened room, depend for their vilibiiily upon the
diinncfs of the light they are beheld by. Boyle.

18, In prevention of; for fear of,

^ Cora

i

FOR

Corn ti«Hg had doum, «ny way Te atlow.
Should wicher as neeielh Jar burnia; in mow.

Tup,.

And, _/b'- the time Ihall not feem tedious,
I'll tell thee what befel nu: on a day,
In this fe!f-plicc. StAefp. Hrr.ryyx.

There mutt be no alleys with hedges at the hither
end, for letting your protpeift up^n this fair hedge
from the green : nor at the farther end, Jot letting
jour prolpeft from the hedge through the arches
upon the heath. Bacon's Ejfays.

• She wr.ipped him clofeySrr catching cold. Lcxchci.

19. In remedy of.

Sometimes hot, fomctimctcold thiols are good
fm the looth-ach. GarreJfat.

20. In exchange of.

He made conliderible progr«f$ in the (hidy of the
law, before be quilted that profcQion for this of
poetry. _ Drydcn.

31. In the place of ; inftcad of.

To maWe him copious is to alter his rhafa^r ;
and to tranllale him \ivKfor line is impoQible.

Wc take a falling meteor for a ftar. Cnulry.

22. In fupply of; to ferve in the place of.

Moil ot our ingenious young mei take up ibmc

cri«d-up Englilh poet fur their model, adore him,

and imitate him, ai they think, without knowing

wherein he is defetlive. Drydtn.

aj. Through a certain duration.

Some f\ciiefor onre, fome will for ewr pleafe.

RofC'jKI

Thofe who fleep without dreaming, can never be
convinced that their thoughts wefwr four hours bufy,
without their knowing it. Locke.

The adminillration of this bank is^^rlife, and
partly in the hands ot the chief citizens. Addifon.

Since, bir'd/Vrlife, thy'fervile mitfe inuft fing
Bncceifin con<]uetts, and a glorious king;
And bfiag him laurels, whatlbc'er ihcy oaft. Prhr^

The youth tranfported, aiks without deUy
To cuidc liic tuu's bright chaiiot/af a day, Gtdrib.
24. in fearch of; in queft of.

Philofopher^ have tun (6 far back for argametkts
of comfort agalnil pain, as to doubt -.vhether there
were any fuch thing; and yet, for all tbat, when
any great evil has been upon them, they ^^oukl cry
out as loud ai other men. 'TiUot/eu^

45. According to.

Chymifts have not been able, fjr aught is vul-
garly known, by fire aloiK to feparate true fulphur
Itom antimony. BoyU.

26. Noting a (late of fitnefs or readinefs.

Nay, if you be an undeitaker, I 3:nJor you.

Shdiefp.

If he be brave, he's ready for the ftroke. DryJtn.
17. la hope of ; for the faite of; noting
the final caufe.

How quickly nature
Jalli to revolt, when gold becomes her object !
F-ir thii the foolith, over-careful fathers,
Have broke their fleeps with thsught, their brains

with care.
Their bones with induftry: ^r this, engrofs'd
The canker'd heaps of tlrong alchievcd gold :
Foi this they have been thoughtful to invefl
Their fons with arts and martial cxercifes. ^bakrfp.

The kingdom of God w»a litll rem by ill coon-
fel; upon which counfel there arc ict, for am in-
(buOion, two marks. BaCuM.

Whether fome hero's fate.
Id words worth dying /ijr, he celebrate, CoxlUj.

Far he writes not j'or money, nor for praifc.
Nit to be call'd a wit, nor to wear bays. T)enh/rm.

There we (hall fee, a fight worth dying _/ir, that
WrlTed Saviour, who I0 highly deferves of us, BoyU.

lie is not difpofed to be a iool, and u> be miler-
able/sr company. "TUUtfan.

Even death's become to me no dreadful name ;
In fighting liclds, where our acquaintance grew,
1 law him, and conteran'd him firlt/sr you. Dryd.

For this, 'lis needful to prevent her art.
And lire with love the proud Phcnician's heart.

Dryd. ^iVg.

.Some pray for riches ; riches they obtain ;
ButwaKh'd by isbbci>;/»r Ibcir vytiUUi arc flain.

Drydtn.

lU.

FOR

Let them, who truly would appear my friends.
Employ thcirfwoids like mine tor noble ends. Dryd.

28. Of teiKkncy to ; towards.
The kettle to the top was hoift ;

But with its uplidc d.owD, to iliow

Its inclinationy^r below. Sivtfi.

29. In favour of; on the part of; on the
fide of.

Ye fuppofe the laws^lr which ye ftrive are found
Ih Scripture; but thofe not againit which we llrive.
Hooker, Preface.

It becomes me not to draw my pen in the defence
of a bad caufe, when I have ia often drawn \lfor y
good one. Dry den.

Jove wi^fir Venus ; but he fcar'd his wife.

Dry den.

He^r the world was made, not us alone. Co^'iey.

They muft be void of all leal for Clod's ho-
nour, who do not with lighs and tears intercede w ith
him. Umalridge.

Ariftotic is/Jr poetical jullice, Dennii.

Tliey are iwfor rank and foul feeding, Fttlon.

30. Noting accommodation or adaptation

Fortune, if there be fuch a thing as the
Spies that 1 bear fo well her tyranny.
That flie thinks nothing elfe lo ht/or mc. Donne. ^

A few rules of logiclc are thought fufficient, fn
this cafe, y^r thofe who pretend lo the higheft im-
provement. I..ocke.

It is ^r wicked men to dread God; but a vir-
tuous man may have undillurbed thoughts, even of
the jufticc of God. tillotfan.

His country has good havens, bothyir the Adria-
tic and Mediterranean. Addifon on Italy,

Perlia is commodiouHy fituatcd for trade both by
fea and land, Arbuthnot on Coins.

Scholars are frugal of their words, and not willing
to let any go ^cr ornament, if they will not ferve
for ufe. FelitH.

31. With intention of.

And by that jullice hall remov'd the caufe
Of thofe rude tempells, which, for rapine fent
Too oft, alas, involv'd the innocent. IVaUer.

Here huntOnen with delight ma^ read
How to ckoofe dogsyiv fcent or fpced. Waller.

Cod liath made tome things V^i" a< long a du-
ration aj they are capable of. Tjli^ijjn's Sermons.

For this from Trivia's temple and her wood.
Are courfen driv'n« who Iheo their mallet's blood.

Dryder,

Such examples fliould be fet before tliem, as pat-
tcriis fjr their daily imitation. jMckt-,

The next quellion ufually i?t, what is xtfor? Locke.

Achilles is for revenging himfelf upon Agamem-
non, by means of Hc^or. Broome.

32. Becoming; belonging to.

It were not for your ijtiier, nor your good,
Nor/vr my manhood, honcfly, and wildom.
To Ut you know my thoughts. Shakeff. Olbelh.

Th' offers he doth make.
Were rvsifor him to give, nor them to take. Daniel.

It were more J'ur his honour to raife his fiege,
than to fpend fo many good men in the winning of
it by force. Knolles.

Xz^ifor Dutchmen and Englifh boys, Cncley.

Is ityi*'' you to ravage feas and land,
Unauthoriz'd by my fupremc command ! Drydtn.

Mii lire already ligns him/zr the Ikies,
And istarks the feat amidll tiie deities. Diyden.

It is a rcafonable account J'or any man to give,
why he does not live as the grcatell part of the world
do, that he h.ts no mind to die as they do, and pe-
rilh with them. IllUtJon.

33. Notwithftanding.

This, for any thing we know to the contrary,
might be the fell-fame form which Philojudscus «-
picffeih. Hooler.

Cod's defertioD (hall, for ought he knows, the
next minute fupervene. Decay if Piety.

Probability fuppofes that a thing may or may not
be fo, for any thing yet certainly determined or
either fide. Styitih.

For any thing that legally appears to the contrary,
it may be a contrivance to frignt us, Sivift.

If fuch vaft malTcs of matter had been fituated
nearer lo the fun, or 10 each other, as they might as
eaJ'Uy have been; fir juiy mecbitniCal ot for'.wtou;

FOR

agent, they muft necelTarily have caufcd t eon(idSr.
able difotder in the whole fyftem. Bentley,

34. To the ufe of; to be ufed in.

The oakyir nothing ill.
The ofiet goodyiw twigs, the poplarySr the mill.

Sfenfer.

Your underftandings are not bright enough /or

the exercife of the higheft afls of reafon. Tilloijoru

35. In confequence of.

For love they force through thickets of the syooil.
They climb the ftecpy hills and ftem the flood. Dryd,

36. In recompence of; in return of.

Now, for fo many glorious adlions done.
For peace at home, and^or the publick wealtht
I mean to crown a bowiyir Czefar's health ;
Belides, in gratitude yiir fuch high matters.
Know I have vow'd two hundred gladiators. DrydtX^

Firll the wily wizard muft be caught ;
For unconftrain'd, he nothing tells_/sr naught. Dryd.

37. In proportion to.^

He is not very tall, yttfor his years he'stall. Shat.

As he could fee clear, fir thole times, througti
fuperftition; fo he would be blinded, now and theti».
by human policy. Bacoti^

Exalted Socrates ! divinely brave !
Injur'd he fell, and dying he forgave ;
Too noble y^r revenge. Dryden"*: yu^fenaL.

38. By means of; by interpoution of. ^
Moral confiderati'oncan no way move the fenfiblc

appetite, were it notfor the will. Hale.

Of fome calamity we can have no relief but from

God alone ; and what would men do in fuch a cafe,

if it were noxfor God ? Tillotfon.

39. In regard of; in prefervatlon of. /
cannot for my life, is, I cannot if xay life
might be faved by it.

1 Did the rafcal knock upon your gate;
But could not get him/'ir my heart. Shakeff.

I cannot for my heait leave a room, before I
have thoroughly examined the papers pafted upon
the walls. Addifon's Sfed.

40. For all. Notwithftanding.

Neither doubt you, becaufe I wear a woman'^
apparel, I will be the more womaiiilli ; lincc 1 alTure-
you, for all my apparel, there is nothing I delire
more than fully to prove myfelf a man in this en-
terprize. Sidney.

For i/ythecarefulnefs of theChriftiansthe Englifti
bulwark was undermined by the enemy, and upon
the fourth of September part thereof w^is blown up.

Knolles' s Hiflory,.

But as Noah's pigeon,, which return 'd no more.
Did fliew (he footing foundy&r all the Hood. Davieu-

They iefolute,_/o/ all this,, do proceed
Unto that judgment. Daniel.

U we apprehend the greateft things in the world
of the Emperor of China or Japan, we are well
enough contented, for a// that, to let them govern
at home. Siillingjieet.

'J'hough that very ingenious perfon has anticipaied
part of what I (hould fay, .yet you will, for all that,
cxped that I Ihould give you a fuller account. Boyle,

She might have palTcd over my bufinelfcs; but
my rabble is not to be mumbled up in lilence, for
all her pertnefs. Dryden,

For all his exafl plot, down was he call from all
his greatiKfi, and forced to end his days in a mean
condition. South.

41, For to. In the language ufed two
centuiics ago, far was commonly ufed be-
fore to, the fign of the infinitive mood,,
to note the final caufe. As, I come for
to fee you, for I love to fee you : in the
fame fenfe with the French pour. Thus
it is ufed in the trandation of the Bibl«»
But this diftinftion was by the bcft writers
fometimes forgotten ; and,/*/-, by wrong
ufr, appearing fupcrfluous, is now always
omitted.

Who Ihall let me now
On this vile \>oiiy for lo wreak my wrong ? Fairy i^.

A Urge poller! ty ,
Up to your happy palaces may mount.
Of Wcfled f^ifitsAr to iftewjfe Ihc count. Sfenfer.

tWo

FOR

Thefethingt may ferve/or to reprc fent how juft
f«ur« of fear ihis kingdom m»y haw towardi Spain.

Bacon*

For. conj.

1. The word by which the reafon is intro-
dnced of fomething advanced before.

Hfav'n doth with us as we »ith torches deal,
Tlot light ihtm for themftlves ; for if our virtues
Did not go forth of us, 'twere all alike
•As =f we had them not. Shate/p. Mrafuttfir Mtaf.

Old hufbandmen 1 at Sabinutn know.
Who for another year, dig, plough, and fow;
For never any man was yet fo old,
BuLhop'd his life one Winter mote would hold.

Dtnham.

Tell me what kind of thing is wit:
Jt'or the hrft matter loves varietv Icfs. Cavihy.

Thus does he loolilhly who, for fear of any
thing in this world, ventures to difpleafe God ; /or
in fo doing he runs away from men, and falls into
the hands of the living God. Tiilotfm.

2. Becaufe; on this account that. It )« in
this fcnfe properly followed by that,_ and
withont it Ls elliptical. This fenfe is al-
moft obfolete.

,1 doobt not but great troops would be ready to
run ; yet for that the vvorft men arc mod ready to
remove, 1 would wilh them chofcn by difcretion of
wife men. Sftnfir on Inland.

Jealous fouls will not be anfwer'd l<> :
They are not ever jealous for a caufc, .

3ut jealous/or they're jealous. Shakcff. Othelh.

Heaven defend your good fouls, that yon think
I will your ferious and great bufinefs fcant;
■For Ihe is with me. Shakrffeare's Othello.

Nor fwell'd his breaft with uncouth pride,
That heav'n on him above his charge had laid ;
But, for his great Creator would the fame.
His will iiicrcas'J; fo fire augmenteth flame. Fairfax.

Many cxcrefceoccs of trees grow chiefly where the
tree is dead or faded ; far that the natural fap of the
tree torruptcth into fome preternatural fubllance.

Bacon's Natural HiJIory.

3. For as much. In regard to that; in con-
fideration oi.

For at miich as in pubjick prayer we are not only
to confider what is needful, in refpedl of God j but
.there is alfo in men that which we muft regard : we
fomewhat incline to length, left overquick difpatch
(hould give occafion to deem, that the thing itfelf
.is but little accounted of. Hooker.

For as much as the thirft is intolerable, the patient
jnay be indulged the free ufe of fpaw water, jirbuil.

4. VoKiuhy. Becaufe; for this reafon that.
•Solyman had three hundred fieldpiecesi/oc wA)',

Solyman putpofing tp draw the emperor into battle,
had brought no pieces of battery with him. Knotles.

7o Forage, f. ». [fromyim, abroad, Lat.]
J. To wander far; to rove at a diftance.
Not in ufe.

Forage, and run
To meet dlfpleafure farther from the doors.
And grapple with him, ere he come fo nigh. Stak.

2. To wander in fearch of fpoil, generally
of provifions.

As in a ftorjny night.
Wolves urged by ihcir raging appetite,
■ Ferjge lor prey. Denbam.

There was a brood of young larks in the corn,
and the dam went abroad toyorjg* for them. L'Efir.

Nor dare they itray
When rain is promi^'d or a ftormy dayi
But near the city walls their wat'ring take,
Hat forage far, but Ihort excurfions make. DryJtn.

3. To ravage ; to feed on fpoil.

Hi^ mo.1 mighty i ithcr on a hill
Stood fmi'irv, to behold his lii.i's whelp
■Forage in blood of J'leiich nobility. Sbakeff.

?oFoVage. -v. a. To plunder; to ftrip;

to fjjSil.

Tliey will both ftrengthen all the country round,
and alfu be as euotiiiual h«!ds for her majeliy, if
the people IhouU revolt ; lor without fuch it is eafy
to fofage and over-run the whole land. Sfenfer,

■ The vittoriouj Fhililliats were woifted by the

T OH

ciptivaled ark, which foraged their country wore
than a conquering army. South.

FO'RAGR. «. / [fo'ira^f, German and
French; from/om. Latin.]

1 . Search of provifions ; the aft of feeding

abroad.

One way a band-feleft (mm forage drivej
A herd of beeves, fair oxen, and fair kine,
From a fat meadow ground; or fleecy flock.
Ewes and their bleating lambs, over the plains
Their booty. Milton's Faradife Loft.

2. Provifions fought abroad.

Some o'er the publick magaiines prefide,
And fome are fcnt new forage to provide. Dryden.

3. Provifions in general.

VtoMtiforage, our fpent arms renew'd. Dryd.
Fora'mikous. adj. \itom foramen , Latin. J
Full of holes; perforated in many places.;
porous.

Soft and /i>rij«t«5«j bodies, in the ^itft creation
of the found, will deaden it; hut in the pafTage 01
the found they will admit it better than harder bo-
dies. Bacon's Natural Hi/lory.

To FORBEAR, -z/. ». pret. 1 firbore, a.n-
citnxXyforbare; ^zn.forbortt. [popbai^an,
Saxon. For has in compofition the power
of privation; k, forbear: q» deprava-
tion ; T&yforf'wear, and other powers not
eafily explained.]

1. To ceafe from any thing; to intermit.

Who ii3.rtforbear to admire and adore him who
weighed the mountains inlcales, and tlic hiUs in a
balance. Cbeyite.

2. To paufe; to delay.

I pray you, tarry : paufe a day or two.
Before you hazard ; for in chufing wrong,
1 lofe your company ; therefore _/irifar a while.

Sbakeffeare.

3. To omit voluntarily ; not to do; 10 ab-

ftain.

He forbear to go forth. I Sa. Mill. 13.

At this he ftaried, mA forbore to fwear;
Notoutof confcienccofthclin, butfear. Dryden.

The wolf, the lion, and the bear.
When they their prty in pieces tear,
To quarrel with themfelvesyii»A.ur. Denbam.

4. To retlrain any violence of temper; to
be patient.

By long forbearing is a prince perfuaded, and a
foft tongue breaketli the bone. Prov. xx». jj'.

To FoRBt'AR. 'v. a.

1 . To decline ; to avoid voluntarily.

Forbear his prcfeiicc, until limc hath qualified
the heat of his difpleafure. Sbakeff . King Lear.

So angrj' bulls the combat ia forbear.
When from the wood a lion does .ippear. IValler.

2. To abftain from ; to Ihun to do ; to omit.

If it paflcdonly by the houfc ol peers, it fliould
be looked upon as invalid and void, and execution
(hould be thcreupon_/arisr« or fulpended. Clarendon.

'Ihere is not any one adlion whatfocver which a
man ought to do, or toforbear, but the Scripture
will give him a clear precept or prohibition for it.

South.

3. To fpare ; to treat with clemency.

With all lowlinels and meeknefs, with long fuf-
fering, forbearing one another in love. Efb. iv. 2.

4. To withhold.

Forbear thee from meddling with God, who is
wilh me, that he deftroy thee not.

i Cbron. xxiv. ZI.

Forbe'aRanCE. «./. {itom forbeai^.}
I . The care of avoiding or fliunning any
thing ; negation of praftice.

True ttoSlenefs would
Learn h\mforbearance from fo foul a wrong. Shak.

This may convince us how vaftly greater a plea-
fure isconfequent upon the forbearance of fin, than
can poiribly .iccompany the commiifion of it. South.

Liberty is the power a man has to do, or forbear
doing, any particular aftion, according as lis doing
Of for itaramt has the sftual prcftrcncc ia the mind.

' Locke.

FOR

1. Intermtflion of fomething.

3. Command of temjjer.

Have a continent forbearance, 'till the (feed of
his rage goes flower. Sbakeff. King Lea;-.

4. Lenity; delay of punifliment; mildnefs.

Nor do 1 ukc notice of this inftance of feveri'.y
in our own country to juftify fuch a proceeding, but
only to difplay the mildnffs and forbearance made
ufe of under the reign of his prefent Majefty.

Addijon's Freeholder.
He applies to our gratitude by obligations of kind,
nefs and beneficence, of long fufferiii j ind/oi icrr.
ance. Rogers.

Forbe'areR. «. /. \Jxom forbear.y An
intermitter ; interceptor of any thitig.
The Weft as a father a! I goodncfs doth bring.
The Eaft a yji iMf,-r, no manner of tliii:g. Tujfcr.
To FORB'ID. t^. a. pret. 1 forbade; part.
forbidden, ot forbid, [pc^bcoban, Saxon;
'verbieden, Dutch.]

1. To prohibit; to interdift any thing.

A witch, a quean, an old cozening quean; have I
notforbid her my houfc ? Sbakeff tare.

It is
The praflice and the purpofe of the king.
From whole obedience 1 forbid my foul. Sbakeff^

By rafting •f that iran forbid,
Where they fought knowledge, they did error find.

Darjies»
The voice of reafon, in all the diftates of natural
morality, ought carefully to be attended to, by a
ftridl obfcrvancc of what it commands, but efpecially
oi vt\\3.K it forbids. South.

All hatred of perfons, by very many CKriitian
principlei, we are molt I'olemnly and indifpcnfably
forbid. Sfra:.

The chafte and holy race
.\re M forbidden this polluted place. Dryd. .^e.

2. To command to forbear any thing.

She with fo fweet a rigour/oz-iai/ him, that he
durft not rebel. Sidney.

They have determined toconfume all thofe thiugi
that God hiihforbidden them to eat by his laws.

■ Judith, xi. i».

3. To oppofe^ to hinder.

The moiftuce being forbidden to come up in the
plant, ftayeth longer in the root, and fo dilateth ir.
^ Bacon's Nat. Hift.

The plafter alone would pen the humour, and fo
eiafperate it as well 1% forbid new humour. Bacon.

Thy throne is darknefs in th' abyfs of light,
A blaxe of glory ihuforbids the light!
O teach me to believe thee thus conctal'J,
And fearch no farther than thyfelf reveal'd. Dryden,

4. To accurfe; to blaft. Now obfolete.
To bid is in old langu.ige to praj ; to
forbid therefore is to curfe.

Sleep (hall neither night nor day
Hang upon his penthoulc lid ;
He thall live a mtnforbid. Sbakeff. Macbeth.

To Forbi'd. v. n. To Utter a prohibition.

Now the good goisftrbiJ,
That our reno.vned Rome
Should now eat up her own ! Sbakeff. Coriolanus.

Forbi'ddance. »./. [from /«rW.j Pro-
hibition ; edift againft any thing.

How haft thou yielded to Iranlgrcfs
The ta\& forbiddanct } how to violate
The facred iruitforbiddin V Milton's Faraiifc Lojl.

Forbi'ddenly. adv. [from_/irW.] In an
unlawful manner.

With all confidence he fwears, as he had feen't.
That you have touch'd his c^ueen forbiddenly. Shot.
Forbi'dder. Jr./ [(rwxi forbid.] One that
prohibits ; one that cnafis a prohibition.
This was a bold acculation of Cod, making the
fountain of good the contiivcr of evil, and the yir.
Udder of the crime an abettor of the fafl pro-
hibited. •''"•«■''•

Other care, perhaps,
M.ty have diverted from continual watch
Our great/ori/Wf r .' Mitten's Varadife Ltfi.

For B x'b u 1 K c . tartic>}ial adj. [itova forbid. ]

Railing

FOR

Raifmg abhorrence ; repelling approach ;
cauCng averfion.

Tragedy was msdtJiriiiiMiTg loi horrible. A. Hill

FORCE, It./, [force, iicnchiforlis, Latin.]

f. Strength; vigour; might; aftive power.

He never cculd maintain his part but in the /ari-e

of his will. Shakjf. Much ado about natklng.

A Ihip, which hath (truck fail, doth run
Hy force of iivu force which before it won. Donne.

2. Violence.

Thus got the houfe of I*ancaftcr the crown.
Which now they hold by free, and not by right.

Shaie/feare.

The (hepherd Paris bore the Spartan bride
By farire away, and then by force cnjoy*d ;
But 1 by free confent. Dryden,

3. Virtue; efficacy.

Manifelt it is, that the very majefly and holinefs
of the place where God is worlhipped, hath, in re-
gard of us, great virtue, force, and efficacy ; for that
it fervcih as a fenCble help to llir up devotion. Hooker.

No definitions, no fuppolitions of any fe^, are
oi force enough to deftroyconftant experience, Lockt.

4. Validnefs; power of law.

A teiHment is of/irnr after men are dead. Heb. ix.
Not long in f Tree this charter ftood ;
Wanting that leal, it mud be feal'd in blood. Denham.

5. Armament ; warlike preparation. Often
forcet in the plural.

0 Thou ! whofe capuin I account myfelf,
Look on my_/ir«j with agnciouieye. 5A<i*. K.\\\.

The feeret of the powef of Spain canfilleth in a
*-eleran army, compounded of mifcellany_/orf« of all
nations. Bacon.

A greater_/or« than that which here we find.
Ne'er prefs'd the ocean, nor empby'd the wmdi

ifaller.

Thofe viftorious forcei of the rebeli were not able
to fuftain your arms. Drjden.

6. Deftby"; neceflity; fatal compulfion.
Tij Force, t. «. [from the noun. J

1. To compel; to conftrain.

Dangers are light, if they once feem light ; and
more dangers have deceived men iaxa forced them.

Bac(.n.

1 have h*en_/j)rcf</to ufe the cant words of Whtg
»ud Tory. Stifi'i Examiner.

The adioni and operations Aid force them upon
dividing the fingle idea. Broome' s yieui of Efic Poem.

2. To overpower by ftrength.

O that fortune
Had brought me to the field where thou art fam'J
To have wrought fuch wonders with an afs's jaw,
I rtioulj Ui\efirc'd thee foon with other arms. Mill.

With lates averfe, the rout in arras rcfort,
To/wTt their monarch, and infult the court. Dry Jen.

3. To impel ; to prefs ; to draw or pulh
by main ftrength.

Thou (halt not delixoy the trees by forcing an ax
againftthem. iD«/. ix. 19.

Stooping, the fpear defcended on his chine,
lull whcie the bone dillinguifh'd either loin :
It rtuck fo laft, fo deeply bury'd lay,
Tliatfcarce die viaoryiVfV the fteel away. Drjden.

4. To enforce ; to urge.

Three bluft'ring nights, born by thefouthem blaft,
1 floated, and difcover'd land at lall:
High on a mounting wave my head I bore,
forcing my ftrength, and gath'tinj to the Ihore.

Dryden' 1 j£n.

Ye myrtles brown, with ivy never fere,
I come to pluck vour berries harflj ind crude,
Ar.J with yirtV fingers rude
Shatter your leaves before the mellowing year. Milton.

5. To drive by violence or power.

This way of flattering their willing benefadort
out of pan, contrived another of /^remj their un-
willing neighbours out of all their potrclTions.

Dtcay of Piely.
To free the port^, and ope the Punique land
To Trojan guefts ; left, ignorant of fate.
The queen might/crr» them from her town and ftate .
. _ . ^ . , Dryd.

6. To gam by violence or power.
Vol. i

FOR

My heart, Is yout's; tut oh ! you left it here
Abandon 'd to thofe tyrants hope and fear :
If they /src'J from me one kind look or word.
Could you not that, nor that fmall part afford >

Dryden.

7. To ftorra ; to take or enter by violence.

Troy wall'd fo high,
Atrides might as well Uivt/orc'd the flcy. ffWIer,

Heav'n from all ages wifely did provide
This wealth, and for the braveft nation hide 1
Who with four hundred foot, and forty horfe.
Date boldly go a new- found world to force. Dryd.

8. To ravilh ; to violate by force.

Force her. — I like it not. Dryden.

g. To conftrain; to diftort ; not to obtain
naturally or with eafe.

Our general tafte in England is for epigram, turns
of wit, iniforc'd concei ts. Addifon's Sfe£1ator.

10. Toman; to ftrengthen byfoldiers; to
garrifon.

Here let them lye,
•Till famine and the ague eat them up :
Were they not/sr^Vwith thole that ftiould be our's.
We might have met them dareful, beard to beard

Shakeffeare.
If you find that any great number of foldiers be
rewly fent into Oroonoque, and that the paflages be
lixciiy forced, then be well advifed how you land.

Raleigh's Apology.

11. To Fo R c E eut. To extort.

The heat of the difpute had forced out from Lu-
ther eiprcffions that Teemed to make his dodrine
run higher than really it did. Aiterbury.

To Force, i;. n. 'I'o lay ftrefs upon!
This word I have only found in the fol-
lowing paflage.

That morning that he was to join battle with Ha-
rold, his armorer put on his backpiece before, and
his breaftplate behind ; the which being efpied by
fome that ftood by, was taken among them for an
ill token, and therefore advifed him not to fight
that day; to whom the duke anfwered, \ force not
of fuch fooleries t but if I h;)ve any IkiU in footh-
faying, as in footh I have none, it doth prognolU-
cate that I (hall change copy from a duke to a king.
Camden' t Remains

Fo'rcedly. adv. [from/cw.J Violently ;
conftrainedly ; unnaturally.

This foundation of iheeanh upon the waters doth
moft aptly agree to that ftrudture of the abvfs and
antediluvian earth j but very improperly ini/irced.j,
to the prefcnt form of the earth and the waters.

Burnet's Theory.
Fo'RCEFtJL. aJJ. [Jirce and /»//.] Vio-
lent ; ftrong ; driven with great might 1
impetuous.

Why, what need we
Commune with you of this, but rather follow
Oat fretful inlfigation. Shakfp. mmer's Tale.

Againft the fteed he threw
His/orcf/i,/ fpear, which, hiding as it flew,
Pierc'd through the yielding planks. Dryden' s ^n
«,Z^'l'V' '■y^''^""' or>rrf/i/deftiny.
Which forms in caufes firft whaie'er Ihall be,
Ainitrd by a friend one moonlcfs night.
This Palamon from prifon took his flight. Diyden

He pois'd in air, the javelin fent.
Through Pans* Ihield the f ireful weapon went.

Pojie.

Fo'RCEFt/i LV. ativ. [from forcffu/.] Vio-
lently i impetuoulh'.

Fo'RCEtESs. ae/J. [from force.] Having
little forte ; weak ; feeble ; impotent.

fO'RCEPS n. f [Latin.] ^

Forceps properly fignifiei a pair of tongs ; but is

ufed for an inftrumciit in chirurgery, to extraft any

thing out of wounds, and the like occafions. Quincy

Fo'rcer. H.J. [frora/«;r<-.J

I. That which forces, drives, or conftrain';.

z. The embolus of a pump working by pul-

fion, in contradiftiniftion to a fucker,

which afls by attraflicn.

FOR

The ufu-il means for the afcent of water is either
bv fuckers or forcers. ■ Wilkins's Dadalut,

Fo'rcible. adj. [from/.w.]

1. Strong; mighty: oppofed to -tt^^-rti.

That puniihment, which hath been fometimes '
forcible to bridle fin, may grow afterwards too weak
and leeble. HookerT

Who therefore can invent
With what moK forcible we mayoSend
Our yet UBwounded enemies ? Milttrt.

2. Violent; impetuous.

Jerfey, belov'd by all ; for all muft feel
The influence of a form and mind,

VVhere comely grace and conftant virtue dwell.
Like mingl'd ftreams, mart forcible when join'd.
Jerfey ftiall at thy altars ftand,
Shall there receive the asure bind. Priot,

3. Efficacious; aflive; powerful.

Sweet fmells are moft forcible in dry fubftancej,
when broken ; and fo likewife in oranges, the rip.
ping of the rind giveth out their fmell more.

Bacon's Natural HlSory,

4. Prevalent; of great influence.

Hovi forcible are right words ? Jn^

God hath afllred us, that there is no inclination
or temptation fo/oroi/s which our humbleprayers
and deUies may not fruftrate and break afunder.

Raleigh's Hiflorj,

5. Done by force; fuffercd by force.

He fwifter far,
Me overtook, his mother all difmay'd.
And in cmbncesforcible and foul
Ingend'ring with me. Milton

The abdication of King James, the ajvocitts on
that lide look upon to have been forcible and uhiuft,
and confequently void, Swi/i.

6. Valid ; binding ; obligatory.
Fo'rcibleness. //./. [{tomforcii/e.} Force;

violence.
Fo'rciblv." adv. [fwm/arcli/e,]

1. Strongly; powerfully.

The Gofpel offers fuch confiderations as ate fit t«
work very >rr/*/y upon two of the moft fwayin*
and governing paliions in the mind, our hopes and
T'""- n -t "rilofon,

2. Xmpctuoufly; with great ftrength.

3. By violence; by force.

He himfelf with greedy great defire
Into the caftle enter 'd forcibly. fr^fry Queen

The taking and carrying away of women /«•!
c.bly and againft their will, except female wards and
bondwomen, was made capital. Bacon's Henry VII.

This doflrine brings us down to the level of horfe
and mule, whofe mouths are /w/iA, holden with
bit and bridle. Hammond,

Fo RciPATED. adj. [from/ow//.] Formed
like a pair of pincers to open and inclofe.

The locufts have antennn-, or long horns before,
with a long falcalioii oxforcipated tail behind Brotxn,

When they have feized their prey, they will fo
tenaciouny hold it with their/i>f«)>aW mouth, that •
they will not part therewith, even when taken out of

ttAd ?;"'"• r r ^c ^^"-1"""'

FORD. «./. [popb, Saxon, from capan,
to pafs.

1 . A ftiallow part of a river where it may be
pafTed without fwimming.

Her men the paths rode through made by herfword:

They pals the ftream, when Iheiiad found th^ford,

T r . « .-, F.iirfax%

2. It lometimesfigniiies the ftream, the cur-
rent, without any confideration of paffaec
or fhallownefs. *

Mcdiifa with Gorpinian terror guards
The ford, and of itfcl f the water flies
All tarteof living wight. Mihon's P^radif,- La

Rile, wretched widow I rife ; n.ir undeploi 'd '^'
Permit my ghoft to pafs the Stygian /<,, J;

But rife, prepar'd in black to mourn thy p«rifli-j

cr IT rr Dryden '

To l-oRD oj. a. [from the noun.] To
pafs without fwimming.

Adaw's fliin-bonss muft have contained a tlwu.
S * fantl

FOR

fcnd (iitham, »nd much more, if he hai/i»A</t1ie

acean. • Rale/gfj's Hijiory.

Fording hit current whtre thou tiiid'll it low.

Doiham.

Yo'RVABLt.atiJ. [from/Bra',] Paffable with-
out fwimming.

Plinyr placeih ihe Schcnits upon the Euphratt»,
where the fame bcginneth te hc/arjaiit, HaUigh.
A countryman fouii '.ed a rivwr up and down, to
try where it was m'A fordaiU : and where the
water ran too fmooth, lie found it deepcft ; and, on
the coatraiy, Ihallowdk where it made moll noife.

L'Efiriuige.

FORE. aJj. [pone, Saxon,]

1. Anterior J that which is before ; not be-
hind.

Though there is an orb or fpherical area of the
found, jet they move fhrongeft and go fartheft in the
fire lines from the tirft local imprcilion. Bacon.

2. That which comes firii in a progreflive
motion.

Relirtance in fluids arifes from their greater pref-
fing on tiic/cre than hiud part of the bodies moving
in them. Or)"'' .

y&RE. ad-v.

1. Anteriorly; in the part which appears
firft to thofe that meet it.

Each of them will bear lii dcmiculverins and four
fakers, needing no other addition than a (light fpar
deck /ore antl aft, which is a flight deck through-
out. Raleigh's Ejjayi.

2. fore is a word much ufed in compofi-
tion to mark priority of time, of which
fome examples (hall be given. A vitious
ortliography has confounded fi,r and fore
in compofition.

Ta FoREADVi'sE. -v, n, IJhre and athjice.^
To counfel early; to connfel before the
time ofaftion, or the event.

Thus to have faid.
As you ^tnforead'ois'd had touched his Ipirit,
And tried his inclination. S/jakefpeare's Corioianus.
Jo For E A P P o'l N T. o). n.\_fore and af-point.']

To order beforehand.
To Forea'rm. "V. a. [fore v\i arm.'] To
provide for attack or refinance before the
time of need,

A man Ihould fix and forearm his mind with (his
perfuafion, that, during his pailion, whatfoever is
oiferedto his imagination tends only to deceive. Stutb.

He forearms his cue
With rules to pulh his fortune, or to bear. Dryden.
yi Forebo'de. "v. n, [fore and bade.\^

1, To prognofticate ; to foretell.

An ancient augur, Ikill'd in future fate.
With ihiStforeboding words retrains their hate.

Dryden.

2. To foreknow; to be prefclent of; to
feel a fccret fcnfe of fomething future.

Fate makes yoa deaf, while 1 in vain implore :
My hcsrtfriodei I ne'er thall fee you more. Dryd,

My iaaXforhnJcd t Ibould lind the bow'r
Of fome fell monfter, tieite with barb'rous pqjv'r.

}'ofe.
Forebo'der. n. f, [(torn forebode.']

1 . A prognofticator ; a foothfayer.

Yogi raven has a reputation in the world for a
bird of omen, and a kind of fmall prophet: a crow
that had obfcrved the raven's manner and way of
delivering his prediflions, fets up for iforeboJer.

L'Ejirange.

2. A foreknower.

Fore bt'. /rr/. [/ori* and ^.] Near; hard
by ; faft by.

Not far away he hence doth won
Foreiy a fouittic, where 1 late him left. Faiiy ^.
Wo Foreca'st. f. a. [fre and ca/?.]
I. To fcheme ; to plan before execution.
He OiaU/irrrd/ his devices againft ibc llrong holds.

JDan. xi.

FOR

z. To adjuft; to contrive antecedently.

The feaft was ferv'd j the time fo wtU/orecaJt,
That jurt whe" the dcll'ert and fruits Xwre plac'd,
The Hend'salafui began. Dryd. 7hed.and HomiiM.

3. To forefec; to provide againft.

It is wifdom to confider the end of things before
we embark, and loforecajl confequences. L'Eftrange.

Ta Foreca'st. v. rt. To form fchemes ;
to contrive beforehand.

And whatfo heavens in their fecret doom
Ordained have, how can frail flelhy wight
f'.recaji, but it mult needs to ill'ue come ? Stenfer.

When broad awake, (he (inds in troublsou nit,
Forecajiing how his foe he might ann.>y. Fairy ^

Fo'ricast. n. f. [ from the verb. J Con-
trivance beforehand ; fcheme; plan ; an-
tecedent policy.

Alas 1 that Warwick had no more forecaji^
But while he thought to ileal the (ingle ten.
The King was (lily finger'd from the deck. Shaitfp,

He makes this difference to arife from lYitforecaJi
and predetermination of the gods. Addijon.

Theiad, I'carcc ripen'd into pcrfedlman.
Saw helplefs him (rom whom their life began:
Mem'ry iai fotecaji ]\i&. returns engage;
That pointed back toyoutli, this on to age. Fofe.

Foreca'ster. »./. \{xoVi forecaft,] One

who contrives beforehand.
Fo'recastle. n. f. [fore and cafk.'] In
a fhip, is tliat part where the foremaft
fiands, and is divided from the reft of
the floor by a bulk-head ; that part of the
foiecnjile which is aloft, and not in the
hold, is called the prow. Harris.

The commodity of the new cook-room the mer-
chants have found to be fo great, as that, in all their
Ihips, the cook-rooms are built in \.ht\r forecaJileSf
contrary to that which had been anciently ufed.

Rtleigh's EJfays.
FoRECHo'sEN./ar/. [fore and chofen.] Pre-

elefted.
FoREC 1' r ED. part, [fare and cite,] Quoted
before, or above.

Greaves is of opinion, that the alteration men-
tioned in thatyorcf/Vcf/paflTage is continued. Arbistb.
To FoRECLo'sE. f. a. [fore and clofe.^
I. To (hut up; to preclude; to prevent.
The embargo with Spain foreclofed this trade,

Carevj.
2 • To For E c L OS E a Mortgage, is to cut off

the power of redemption.
Fo'redeck. n. f. [fore and deck."] The
anteriour part of the (hip.

I to the foredeck went, and thence did look
For rocky Scylla, Chapman's Odyjfey,

To Foredesi'gn. <v.a. [yor^ and dejign.]
To plan beforehand.

All the ftcps of tlie growth and vegetation both
of animals and plants, have been forefeen and y^rt--
dcjigned ^y K\\i vi\h Author of nature. Cheyne.

To FoREDo'. T. a. [from for and do, not
fore.] _

1. To ruin ; to deftroy. A word obfolete.
Oppofed to making happy.

Befeeching him, if cilher falvcs or oils,
Kforedone wight from door of death might raife.
He would at her rc<iui;il prolong her ncplicw's days.

Fairy Q^ecn.
That drew on men God's hatred and his wrath.
And many fouls in dolours hiiforedtne. Fairy ^.

This doth betoken
The corfc they follow did with defperate hand
Foredoiy^ own life. Sbakefptare's Hamlet.

This is the ni^ht
That either makes me, or foredoes me quite. Stall.

2, To overdo ; to weary ; to harrafs.

Whilft the heavy ploughman fooars
All with weary taffc foredone. Shaiefptttre.

To FoREDo'oM. "v. a. [fore and doom.\ To
predellinate ; to dctcrmina beforehand.

FOR

Through various hatards and events vn ltMi«
To Latium, and the ttiXmtforedoom'dhy Jove. '

Dryden's JSil.
The willing metal will obey thy hand.
Following with eale ; if favour'd by thy fate.
Thou istforedoem'd to view the Stygian ftare.

Dryden,
fife foredoom' J, and all things lend
By couife of time to their ap|X>inted end. Dryden,

Here Britain', llatci'mcn oft the fall foredoom
Of foreign tyrants, and of nymphs at home. Pope,.
Fore-e'nd. n. f. [fore and end,] The
anteriour part.

I have liv'd at honed freedom ; paid
More pious debts to heaven than in all
The_/i.rf-<7<:/of my time. Shakefpeare's Cymieline.
lo the fore-end of it, which was towards him»
grew a fmall green branch of palm. Bacon^

Forefa'ther. n.f. [fore znA father.] An-
ceftor; one who in any degree of afcend-
ing genealogy precedes another.

The cuftom of the people of God, and the de-
crees oi our forefathers, are to be ktpt, touching
thofe things whercot the Scripture hath neither one
way or other given us charge. Hooker.

If it be a generous defire in men to know from
whence their ovfnforefatbers have come, it cannot
be difplealing to underltand the place of our tirll an-
ceilor. Raleigh's H{ftory.

Conceit is dill deriv'd
Ytouiiomt forefather grief; mine is not fo. SbeikJ^,

Shall 1 not be dilttaught,
And madly play with myforefalbers joiMsl Shakfp.

Our ixzzx. forefatbfrs
Had left him nought to conquer but his country.

Addifon.

When a man fees the prodigious pains our frefa^
/£«-rj have been at in thel'e barbarous' buildings, une
cannot but fancy what miracles of architecture they
would have left us, had they been intruded in the
right way. Addifon en Italy*

Blefl Peer I his great yirr/atZwrf ev'ry grace
Reftedling, and reueclcd in his race. Pope,

To Forefe'nu. v. a. [It is doubtful whe-
ther iromfire or for and difcnd. If fron*
fore, it implies antecedent provifion; a»
forearm : if from for prohibitory fccu-
pity ; as ftrbid. Of the two following
examples one favours _/&r, and the other

/""•^ , ., .

1. To prohibit ; to avert.

1 would not kill thy unprepared fpirit;
No, has'asforefend ! 1 would not kill thy foul.

Shaiefp,

Perhaps a fever, which the gods forefend,
May bring your youth to lome uuciniely end. Dryd,

2. To provide for j to fecure.

Down with the nofe,
Down with it flat : take the bridge quite away
Oi him, that, his particular to forefend.
Smells from the gen 'ral yeal. Shalefp.

For E F 1 ' iN G E R . tt.f. [fore and f'iger.] The
linger next to the thumb ; the index>

An agate (lone
On the forefinger t>i an alderman. Sbakejpeare.

Polymnia Ihall be drawn, as it were, ading her
fpecch with hit fortftJtger . Peactan on Dratving,
Some wear this on ihe middle tinger, as the an-
cient Cauls and Britons; and fome upon iXk fore-
finger. Bro-wn.
Jo'refoot. n.f. ■^\<it. forefeet, [fore and
foot.] The. anteriour foot of a quadru-
ped : in contempt, a hand.
Give me thy hft, thy frefo:i/ to me give, Sbak.
He ran fiercely, and fmote at Heliodorus with his
frcfeet. 2 Mac. iii. ZJ.
1 continue my line from thence to the heel ^
then making the breafl with the eminency thereof>
bring out his near yirr/i,)/, which 1 linilh.

Feaeham on Draining,
To Forego', -v. a. [fore and^o.]
I . To quit; to give up ; to refign.

FOR

1j it hern«ture, oris it her will.
To be fo CTUcl to an humble foe ?

If oiture, then (he may it mend with ftill {
If will, then (he at will ; \yvi\\\ forego. Sfxnfcr.

Having all before abfolutcly in his power, it re-
jnaiueih fo ftill, he haying already neither forgiven
nor foregone any thing thereby unto them, but hav-
ing received fomething from them. Spt-ftfer,

He is a great adventurer, laid he,
That hath his fword through hard nKi-t foregone ;

And now hath vowed, till he avenged be
Of that defpite, never to wearen none. Fairy S^a.

Special reafon oftentimes caufeih the will to pretcr
«nc gooJ thing before another ; to 1 avc one for ano-
ther's fake, to forego meaner for the attainment of
higher degrees. Hooter.

Mali I then leave you > Mull I needs foregt
So good, fo noble, and fo true a mailer. Siiakiff.

Lei us not forego
Tbatibr a trifle which was bought with blood.

Sbakefpeare.

How can I live without thee ! yiovifirega
Thy fweet converfc, and love fo dearly join'd
To live again in thefe wild woods forlorn ! Milton.

This argument might prevail with you to Jorego
a little of your repofe for the publick benefit. Drjid.

What they have enjoyed with great pleafure atone
time, has proved inlipid or naufcous at another ; and
therefore they fee nothing in it for which they (hould
forego a prefcnt enjoyment. Lorke.

•. To go before; to be paft. [itota fore
and^o.]

By our remembrances o(diy$ foregone.
Such were our faults : O ! tlicn we thought them
not. Sbakejp.

It is to be underftood of Cain, that niany years
foregone and when his people were inctcafed, he
built the city of Enoch. Siale.gh.

Refleft upon the two_/<irffo/wg objeflions. Hojii.

Thii forrgi/ng rem:irk gives the reafon «hy imi-
tation pleafes. Dryden'i Dufrefnoy.

I was feated in my elbow-chair, where I had in-
dulged the foregoing fpeculations. Addijon.

lo the foregoing part of ibis work I promilcd
proofs. H^coavjard.

3. To lofe.

This is the very ecftafy of love,
Whofe violent po^^ny foregoes itfelf.
And leaves the will to defpciate undertakingt. Shak.

Foreco'er. «. /. [itota forego. '\ Aaceftor;
progenitor.

Honours bed thrive.
When rather from our afls we them derive
Than Our forigoert. Sbakfp.

Fon'tCRoUND. n.f. [fore and ground.] The
part of the field or expanfe of a pifture
which feems to lie before the figures.

All ajrce that white can fubfift on the foreground
of the ptdurc : the queftion therefore is to know,
if it can equally be placed upon that which is back-
ward, tlic light being univerfal, asd the figures fup-
pofed to be in an open field. Dryden.

Fo'rehand, n.f. [fore and hand.]

1. The part of a horfe which is before the
rider.

2. '1 he chief part. Not in nfei

The great Achilles whom opinion crowin
The finew and the forebund of our hoft. Sbakejp.

Fo'rehand. adj. Done fooner than is re-
gular.

You'll fay Ihe did embrace me as a hulband,
Aod fo extenuate xhefrehand fin. Skakefjeare.

Foreha'ndf.d. n.f. [from yor^ and *a«d'.]
I. Early ; timely.

If by thus doing you have not fecured your time
by an early and frthanded care, yet b« i\ire, by a
timely diligence, to redeem the time. 'Ttiylor.

2. Formed in the foreparts.

He's a fubftaniiat- true-bred beaft, Vravely fore-
kanded: mark but the cleannefs of his Ihapes too.

Dryden.
Fo'reheao. n.f. [frezadbead.]
I . That part of the face which reaches from
the eyes upward to tbe hair.

FOR

The bread of Hecuba,
When (he did fuckle Heflor, look'd not lovelier
Than He&oi'sforebead when it fpit forth blood
At Grecian fwords contending. Sh.-tkefp. CorioUnus.

Some angel copy'd, while 1 flept, each grace,
And moulded ev'ry -feature from my face :
Such majcfty does from \\cr forehead rife.
Her cheeks fuch bliilhes calt, fuch rays lier eyes.

Dryden.

2. Impudence; confidence; affurance; aii-
dacioufnefs ; audacity. The forehead is
the part on which fhame vifibly operates.

A man of confidence prcffeth forward upon evefy

appearance of advantage j where hi»force is too fee-

bW, he prevails by dint of impudence: thefe meii of

forehead are magnihccnt in promifes, «nd infallible

in their prefcriptions. CoUier.

I would fain know to what branch of the legifla-

ture they can have the frebead 10 apply. Sivift.

FoRSHo'ldinc. ». /. [fore and hold.]

Predictions ; ominous accounts ; fupeifti-

tious prognoftications.

How are fuperftitious men bagged out of their
wits with the fancy of omens farcboldings, and old
wives tales. VEfirange.

FO'REIGN. adj. [forain, French, forano,
Spanifh ; itomforis, Latin, J

1. Not of this country ; not tlomeftick.

Your fon, that with a fearful foul
Leads difcontented fteps in foreign foil.
This fair alliance quickly Ihall call home. Shakefp.

The learned correfpondence you hold in foreign
parts, Miilon.

The pofitions are fo far from being new, that they
are commonly to be met with in both ancient and
modern, domeftick and yorr/^w writers. Attetbury.

The partif s and divifions amongrt us may fevcral
ways bring deftrud>ian upon our country, at the fame
tiihe that our united force would fecurc us againit all
the attempts of t foreign enemy. Addifon's Freeh.

2. Alien; remote; not allied ;' not belong-
ing ; without relation. It is often ufed
with to; but more properly with yr<i»i.

I mull dilTcmble,
And fpeak a language /nf/gn 10 my heart. Addifn.

Fame is a good Co whoilvyi«(]{« to our natures,
that we have no faculty in tfie foul adapted to it, nor
anv organ in Ihe body to relilh it, placed out of the
polTibility of fruition. Addifor.

This dcliga it not foreign from fome peoples
thmighls, Sivift.

3. Excluded; not admitted; held at a
diftance.

They will not flick to fayyou envied him;
And fearing he would rife, he was fo virtuous,
Keplhim a foreign rain ftill; which fo gricv'd liim.
That he ran mad and died. Shakeff, Henry VIII.

4.. [Inlaw,] A foreign plea, placitum forin-
fecuKi ; as being a plea out of the proper
court of juftice.
5. Extraneous ; adventitious in general.

There are who, fondly ftudious of increafc.
Rich foreign mould in their iU-natur'd land
Induce. Phillips,

Fo'reicner. n.f. [{torn foreign.] A man
that' comes from another country ; not a
native; a ftranger.

Joy is fuch a foreigner.
So meer a ftranger to my ilioughts 1 know
Not how to cniertaiti him. DenbanCs Svphy.

To this iAdfreigner you give your thridie.
And wroiig'd a friend, a kinlman, and a fon.

Dryden'i j^n.
Water is the osly native of England made uli: of
in punch , but the lemon?, the brandy, the fugsr,
and the nutmegs, arc all frtignert, Addifon.

Nor could the majctty ol the Englifh crown ap-
pear in a greater lullre, either lo foreigners or fub-
jeits. Sviift.

Fo'REir.NESS. n.f. [{tort\ foreign.] Re-
moienefsi want of relation to fome-
thin?.

FOR

Let Bot </asforelgBnefs of the fuSjeft hinder y«u
from endeavouring to fct me right,
To Foreima'cine. <v. a. [fore d^i ima-
gi'ie.] To conceive or fancy before proof.

We are within compafs of a foreimagined pofTibi-

lily in that behalf. Camden's Remains.

To Foreju'doe. <v. a. [fore zs\^ judge.]

To judge beforehand ; to be prepoffefled;

to prejudge.

To Forekn'ow. rv. a. [fore and ^wivt]

To have prefcience of; to forefee.

We fsreknoiv that the fun will rife and fet, that
all men born in the woild Ihall die again ; that afier
Winler the fpring ihall come; 'after the Spring,
Summer and Harveft ; yet is not our foreknowledee
the caufe of any of thole. RjJeigh.

He foreineif/ John fliould not fuffer a violent
death, but go into his grave in peace. Braaun,

Calchas the lacrcd feer, who had in view
Things prefcnt and the paft, and things to come
forekite-uj. Dryden's Iliad.

Who would the miferies oiraxa foreknow f
Not know/ng, we but Ihare our part of woe. Dryden.
For e k no'w able. adj. [from foreknonu. ]
Poffible to be known before they happen.
It it QtiK^\i\\s foreiinotiL'iible what they will do in
fuch and fuch circumftanccs. More.

For E K N o'w L E D G E . n. f. [fore and kntnv-
Icdge.] Prefcience ; knowledge of that
which has not yet happened.

Our being in Chrift by eternal foreknoivledgn
favcth us not without our adtijal and real adoption
into the fellowlhip of his faints in this piefeiit world.

Hooker.

I told him you was aflecp; he feems to have »

forelno-wledge of that too, and therefore chufeS to

fpeak with you. Sbakef,

If 1 foreknew,
Foreknowledge had no influence on their fault,
Which had no lefs prov'd certain unforeknown..

Milton.
I hope the foreknoiuledge you bad of my efteein
fcr you, is the reafon that you do not diUike mjr
letters. Pope.

Fo'reland. n. f. [fire and land,] A pro-
montory ; headland ; high land jutting
into the fea ; a cape.

As when a ftiip, by (kilful ftcerfman wrought.
Nigh river's mouth, ot foreland, where the wind
Vtcrs oft, as oft lo fteeis, and (hifts her fails.

Miltonf
To Forela'v. ev.a. [fore atAlay.]

1. To lay wait for; to intrap by ambufli.

A fcrpent Ihoots his lling at unaware ;
An ambulb'd thiefyoif/a^r a traveller :
The man lies murUer'd while the thief and fnakSt
One gains the thickets, and one thrids the brake.

Dryden,

2. To contrive antecedently.

To Fo'relift. 'V. a. [fore zad li/i,] To
raife aloft any interiour part.

So dreadfully he towards him did pafs,
Forelifiing up aloft his fpecklcd breaft ;

And often bounding on the bruifcd gr.ifs,
As for great joy of his ncw-tomen gueft. Spenfcr.
Fo'relock. »,/. [fore avA lock,] The hair
that grows from the forepart of the head.

Tell her the joyous time will not be ftaid.
Unlefs (he do him by the frclock take. Sperftr,

Hyacinihine lot ks,
Round 'lom his parteij forelock manly hung,
Cluft'ring, but not beneath his Ihoulder's broad.

Milton,
Zeal aiul .1 'tv are not flow.
But on ocadow'zf'.irLck w.itchful w.ia. Milt.

Time is painted witli a lock bclorit, and bald be-
hind, fignilyiiig tlicrcby llul we muit lake time by
the forelock j lur vhen it is once pult, iliete is no
recalling it, Sivi/t.

Fo'r e m a n, n.f. \fo) e and man.] The fir'it or
chief perfon.

He is a very fenfible man, rtioots flying, and ' a-,

been fcveial titaes fn eman ol the pelt; jmy A.:>i.j.

cla FoREMK'KTJvtttD,

FOR

Forb'mehtioned. adj. [fore and tneu-
tioiuJ.] Mentioned or recited before.
It is obfervable that many participles are
compounded whh fere, whofe verbs have
no fuch compofition.

Dacier, in the life of Aurelius, has not taken
tiotice of the /ortiKenliontJ figan on the pillar.

AJdifon on Italy.

Fo'remost. adj. [frorayir/.]

1. Firftin place.

All three were fct among the foremojl ranks of
fame, for great minds to attempt, and great force
to perform what they did attempt. Sidney.

Our women in Xhefcremoji ranks appear;
March to the fight, and meet your millrefs there.

Drydin.
The bold Sempronius,
That (till broke foiemojl through the crowd of

patriots.
As with a hurricane of zeal trinfported,
And virtuous even to midnefs 1 Add'ifitt's Calo.

2. Firft in dignity.

Thcfe wiifiremaft in the field.
As they OMforemcJl rank of honour held. Drydcn.

Forena'med. adj. [/ore and uame.^ No-
minated before.

And fuch are fure ones,
As Curius and the/srf«d»ifrf Lentulus. Benjotif.
Fo'renoon. n. f. [fore and »offa.] The
time of day reckoned from the middle
• point, between the dawn and the meri-
dian, to the meridian : oppofed to afier-
naoti.

The manner was, that the forenoon ihey (hould
run at tilt, the cfteinccn in a broad field in man-
ner of a battle, 'till either the itraiigers or the
country knights won the field. Sidney.

Curio, at the funeral of his father, built a tem-
porary theatre, confifting of two parts turning on
hinges, according to the polifion ot the fun, for the
conveuiency ofjorenci/t's and afternoon's divcrfion.
jirl/uthnot an C'Ans.

Foieno'tice. ». /. [fore znA mtice,'\ In-
formation of an event before it happens.

So ftrangc a revolution never happens in poetry,
but either heaven or earth gives io-mz fit mdtia otit.
Hywt'r's Trapfdifs,

Fore'ksick. adj. [foreitjis, Latin.] Be-
longing to courts of judicature.

Perfon is ifircnfick ter.Ti, appropriating adions ajid
their merit; and fo belongs only to intelligent agents,
capable of a law, and happinefs and milcry. This
{icrfonality extends itfelf beyond prefent exigence to
what is pad, only by conlcioulhefs. JLoif:e.

The forum was a publick place in Rome, where
lawyers and orators made their fpeeches before the
proper judges in matters of property, or in criminal
cafes : thence all forts of difputations in courts of
juftice, where feveial perfons make their dilliniH
Speeches, may come under the name o{firenJick dif-
putes. Hulls on the Mind.

To ForeoRDa'in. "v.a. [fireznA ordain.']
To predeftinate ; to predetermine ; to
jjreordain.

The church can difcharge, in manner convenient,
a work offo great import incc, hy firtorduining
fome Ihort colled wherein briefiy to mention thanks.

thiker.

Forepart. ». yi [fore &nA fart.']

1. The part firft in time.

Had it been fo raifed it would deprive us of the
fun's light all the/sr«/i<jr/ of the day. ' Rultigl).

2, To place antetiour in place.

The ribs have no cavity in them, and towards
thtforefari or breaft are broaJ and thin, to bend
and give way wiihjut danger of fraflure. Ray.

FoKirA'sr adj. [fre and fafi.] Pad before
a certain time.

Now ceafe, ye damfels, your Mights firejia/l ;
Enough it is that all the day is your's. Spcnfer.

Myfortpafl proofs, howe'er the matter fall.
Shall tax my fears of little vanity,
Iljving vaiiUy fcar'4 loo liltie. Sbakeffeare,

F G R

Such is the treaty which he negociates with us, an
ofifer and tender of a reconciliation, an aft of obli-
vion, of all fjrifajl fins, and of a new covenant.

Hammond on t'ui.JanuKtals.
FoRErossE'ssED. adj. [fire and pofffs.]
Preoccupied ; prepoffefled ; pre-engaged.

The teftimony either of the ancient fathers, or
of other claflical divines, may be clearly and abun-
dantly anfwercd, to the faiisfadion of any rational
man, not ti.tn.mi:\)firefoJfeJJid with prejudice.

Sandcrfon.

Fo'rerakk. n. f, [fore vad rank.] Firft
rank ; front.

Yet leaveour Coufin Catherine here with us ;
She is our capital demand, compris'd
Within theyirrruBi of our articles. Shjkcffi.

FoRERECi'tkd. adj. [fore and recite.]
Mentioned or enumerated before. ^

Bid him recount
Thtforereciled pradiices whereof
We cannot feel too little, hear too much, Shakeff,

To Foreru'n. 1:0. [fore znd rrtn.]

1. To come before as an earneft offome-
thing following ; to introduce as an har-
binger.

Againft ill chances men are ever merry \
Bat heavinefsyorfKm the good event. Sbakejf.

The fun
Was fet, and twilight from the Eaft came on,
Forerunniftg night. Miiton's Paradt/e Lojl.

She bids me hope : oh heav'ns, ihe pities me !
And pity ftiU foreruns approaching love,
As lightning docs the thunder, Dryden.

2. To precede ; to have the ftart of.

I heard it to be a maxim at Dublin to follow, if
■oat forerun, all that is or will be praSifed in Lon-
don. Graunt,

Foreru'nnep. }i. f. [iiomfareruTt.]
I. An harbinger; a meflenger fent before to
give notice of the approach of thofe that
follow.

The fix ftrangcrs fcek for you, madam, to take
their leave ; and there is a foreru/incr come from a
feveuth, the prince of Morocco^ Shaieffiere.

A cock was facrificed as the forerunner of day
and the fun, thereby acknowledging the light of life
to be derived from the divine bounty, the daughter of
Providence. Stillingjfeet.

My elder brothers, m'jforerur.ners came,
Rough draughts of nature, ill defign'd and lame :
Blown ofti like blolToms never made to bear j
'Till I came finifh'd, her laft labour'd cire. Dryd.

1. Aprognoftick; a figa forcQiowing any
thing.

O Eve ! fome further change awaits us nigh.
Which heav'n, by thefe mute figns in nature,. fhews
Forerunners o\ hiS purpofc. Milton^s Paradife LoJl.

Lofs of fight is the milery of life, and ufually the
forerunner oi ieixh. South.

The keeping infenfible perCpiration up in due mea-
fure is the caufe as well as fign of health, and the
leaft deviation from that due quantity, the certain
forerunner of a difcafe. Arbuthnot.

Already Opera prepares the way.
The {^xe forerunner of her gentle fway. Fope.

To Foresa'v. a>. a. [fore xcid fayf] To
predift ; to prophecy ; to foretell.

Let ordinance

Come as the %oi^ foref.ty it. Sbakejpeare^s Cymhel.
To FoRese'f. 'V. a, [fore md/ee.]
I. To fee beforehand; to fee what has not

yet happened ; to have prefcience ; to

foreknow.

The titft of them could things to eome forefce ;
The next, could of things prefent bell advifc ;
The third, things paft could keep in memory.

fairy S^ueen.

If there be any thingyiir/je» that is not ufual,
be armed for it by any hearty though a (hort prayer,
and an earneft rcfolutiuii beforehand, and then watch
when it comes. Taj/or.

At h'lsfore/eeti approach, already quake
The Caff ian kingdoms and Meotian lake :

FOR

Their feers behold the tempeft" from afar,
And thieat'ning oracles denounce the war. Dry J,

2. To provide for ; with to. Out of ufc.
A king againll a llorm muA forefte to a canve>

nient ttoctc ot treafurc. Jiacsn.

To FoRESHAM't. -v. a. [fore zvid fhame.]

To ihame ; to bring reproach upon.

Oh bill, forejhaming
Thofe rich-lelt iieirs, that let their fathers lie
Without a monument. Sliakrfpeare's Cymbelin.

To Fo'RESHiiw. •v.^a. [See Foreshow.]
Fo'reship. //./. [fore -dad Ji if ^\ The an-
terior part of the (hip.
The Ibipmen wmild have calt anchors out of the
forejbip. Afls, xxvii. 30.

To For esiio'rten.. 1;. a. [foreaadjIforieK.]
To fliorten figures for the fake of ihewing
thofe behind. •»

The greatcft parts of the body ought to appear
fore molt; and he forbids the forejhorrenings, bccajfe
they make the parts appear little, Dryden's Dufoefo
Ta Fo'reshow. I'.a. [fore zad fAciu.}

1 . To difcover before it happens ; to ptc-
diit ; to ptognofticatc

Clirift liad called him to be a witneftof his death,
and refurredion from the dead, according to tlut
which tlie prophets and Mofes had forefooived.

Hooker^

Next, Hke Aumra, Spcnfer rofe,
Whofe purple blufh the diy forejle^vs. Denbam.

You chole to withdraw yourfclf from publick bu-
finel's, when the face of heaven grew troubled, and
the freijuent (bifting of the. mnifirejhowed a Itoim.

Dryden.

2. To rcprefent before it comes.

What ell'e is the law but the %ai^\ forejhrwcd ?
Wlut otlicr the gofpel than the law lulnlled ?

Hooker.
Fo'resicht. w. /. [fore ■i.Vid fight.']
I. Prefcience; prognoftication ; foreknow-
ledge. The accent anciently on the laft
fyllable.

Let Eve, for I have drench'd her eyes.
Here lleep below ; while thou to forefight wak'ft;)
As once ttiou flecp'il whillllhe to lite wasform'd.

Miltii:.

z. Provident care of futurity.

He had a (h^rpforifgbty and working wit,.
That nevpr idle was, ne once could reft a whit.

Sfenfer.

In matters of arms he was both ikilful and in-
duftrious, and as well inyir^gi/ as refolulion pre-
fent and great. Hjyvurd.

DiificuUics and temptations will more ealily be
borne or avoided, if with prudent forejight we arm
ourfclves agaiiill them. Rogers.

Foresi'ghtful.. adj. [forefight lind full.]

Prefcient ; provident.

Death gave him no fuch pangs as the _/j>r{/rgi//»/

caie he had of his filly fucceflbr. Sidney.

7e Foresi'gnifv.. 1;, a. [fore aad/tgiiify.]

To betoken beforehand; to forefiiow ;

to typify.

Difcoveries of Chrift already prefent, whofe future
coming the pfalms did \i\xtfortjignfy. Hoaker .

Yet as being paft times noxious, where they light
On man, beali, plant, wallcful and turbulent.
They ait forejignify and threaten ill. Milur..

Fo'resk.in. n.f. [fore and^v*.] The pre-
puce.

Their own hand
An hundred of the foe (hall flay.
And for a dow'r their huwiieifortftlns pay,
Be Michol thy reward. Coiily'sDavideis,

Fo'reskirt. H./. [fores.ndjiirt.] The pen-
dulous or loofe part of the CMt before.

A thoufand pounds a year for pure ixfpcd I
No other obligation?

That promifcs more thoufands: honour's train
Is longer than hisforefiirt. Shakrffeare's H. Vllf.

To FoRESLACK. 1;. a. [fare xadflac\.\ To
ncglcil by idlenefs.

It

FOR

ft is a grjat pity rfiat fo good an opporlilnily ViS
omitted, and fo happy an occation fmf/lacktd^ that
mijht have been the eternal good of the land. .

Ktenftr^i Slate ^f Inland.
To FoRESLo'w, -v. a. \tire andy/s^a-.]
t. To delay; to hinder; to impede; to
obftruft.

No dream, no wood, no mountain zoMforrJlmv
TIjeir hafty ^'i'^.c, J-'ahJ'.ix.

Now the illudrious nymph return'd ag^iin.
Brings every grace triumphant in her train ;
The wond'ring Nereids, though the;- rais'J no ftorm,
Fortjlm'd her pafluige lo behold her form. Dryden.
2. Tonegleft; to omit

When the rebels were on Blackheath, the king
knowing well that it Rood him open, by ho\v mttch
•he more he had hitherto piotraSed the time in not
encountering them, by lo much the fooncr to dif-
. patch with them, tliat it might appear to have been
no coldaefs in forcJlbV;ing, but w ildum in chuling
his time, rclblved with fpecd to aflall tbera.

Bacon^s Hatry VII.
Our good ^TpSci furrjl'.'ieid are become our tor-
mentors upon our death-bed. Bijhi.p Hull.

Ctiremc^, how many filhcrs do you know
That rule their boats arid ufc their nets aright.

That neither wind, nor lime,, not Mtfifrjlmv ;
Some fuah bare been: but, ah! by tempefis fpite
'i'heii boaii are loft; while we may fit and moan
That few were fuch, and now thefe few are none.

P. Finch.
7q Foreslo'w, -v. n. To be dilatory ; to
loiter.

This may plant courage in their quailing breafts,
For yet is hope of life and viflory ,
t'crrjlotu no longer, make we hence amain. Xbak.
To Forespe'ak. v. n. [/oreai\d//eai.]

1. To predict; to forefay ; to forefliow; to
foretell.

OldCodfreyof Winchefter,.thinkcth no ominous
yii-c/jpfji/ff^ tolieinnamei. CanJen'i Remains.
2., To forbid. [¥tom firan&//ieak.'\
Thou hiftforefpoit my being in ihefe wars,
And fay'ft it is not tit. Shaktffi. Am. and deaf.

Forespe'nt. adj. [ [foreand//>e»J.]
i.WafteJ; tired; fpent.

After him came fpurring hard
A jtentleman, 3tmoi\ forr/jpeiri with fpeeil. Siai.

2. ForepafTed ; part. [fore3ind//>ei>t.]

Is not enough th^ evil hfcfiie/jieni f Fairy ^
YOd Ihall had hii yimixz foTefpem,
Were but the outCde of the Ronun Brutus,
Covering diicrtiion with a colt of foil/. Sbakeff.

3. B<;llowed before.

We muft receive him
According le ilic honour of his fender;
And rewards himfelf.hiigooducfs/or^/^jwon us,
We murt eitind our notice. Statr/feare.

FoRESRv'lLRER. n.f. \Jbre ind//ur.] One
that rides before.

A day in April never came To fwnt.
To (how how coiUy Summer was at hand,
As lhh/-re/furrer comet before his lord. Sbaiefp.
FOREST, n. /. [forrft, French; fore/la,
Italian.]

1. .\ wild uncoltivated traft of grotmd 5n-
terfperfed with wood.

By many iribulaiions we enter into the kingdom
of heaven, becaufe, in zfareji of many wolves, (heep
cannot chufe but feed in continual danger of life.
, Hiioker,

Matbeih Ihall never vamjuiOt'd he, juntil
Oreat Birnham-wood to Uunfiaaoe't high hill
Shall come againd him.

That will never be :

Who can imprcft ihe/srr/?, bid the treo

Liifii his earth-bound root, ^bake/ptart'i Macitib

There be airs which the phyiicuns advife their
patieiiu to remove unto, «hich commonly are plain
champaigns, hut graiing, and not overgrown with
heath ; or elfc timber-fliadci, as tnfarrfli. Bacon.

How the hi^fireji rais'd its (hady l.cad. Rcjnm.

2. [In law. j A ceruin territory of woody

FOR

grounds and fruitful paftures, privileged
for wild beafts, and fowls of fire/is, chafe,
and warren, to reft and abide in, in the
fafc proteftion of the king for his plea-
fure. The manner of making forefts is
this : the king fends out his conimiflTion,
direfted to certain perfons, for viewing,
perambulating, and bounding the place
that he has a mind to afforeft : which re-
turned into Chancery, proclamation is
made, that none (hall hunt any wild
beads within that precintt, without li-
cence ; after which he appoints ordi-
nances, laws, and officers for the prefer-
vation of the vert and venifon ; and this
becomes a forrft by matter of record.
The properties of a f'^reji are thefe ; a
foreft, as it is ftiiftly taken, cannot be
in the hands of any but the king, who
hath power to grant coramflion toajuftice
in eyre for the fereji ; the courts ; the
offitsrs for preferving the vert and veni-
fon, as the juftices of theycrty?, the warden
or keeper, the verders, the foreftcrs,
agiftors, regarders, bailiffs, and beedlcs.
The chief property of a foreji is the
fvvainmote, which is no lefs incident to
it than the court of pyepowders to a fair.

Corwel.
To Foresta'll. <d. a. [popep:allan. Sax.]
I. To anticipate ; to take up beforehand.
If thou be malicr-gunncr, ipend not all
That thou can'ft fpeak at once ; but hulband it,
Andgivcmen turns of fpecch ; do aotfortjlall
By lavilhncfs thine own and others wit,
As if tliou mad'fl thy will, Herbert,

What need a mmf,tffiaU\>\% date of grief,
And rirn to meet what he would moft avoul. Mill.

z. To hinder by preoccupation or preven-
tion.

And though good luck prolonged haih thy date.
Yet death then would the l.ke milhap/ire/ti//.

Fairy ^tieen.
What's in thy prayer, but thk twofold lorce
To\>e fcrrfijlled tn we come to fall.
Or pardon 'd being down. Sbakefpeare' t Hamltt .

But tor my tean,
I hiifirefi.ill V ihis dear and deep rebuke.
Ere you with grief had fpoke. Sbakefptare.

if thou covet death, as utmollend
Of mifery, fo thinking to evade
The penally pranounc'd^doubt not but God
Haih wilclierarm'd his vengeful iie, ihanfo
To \x.fnrftall<d. Milion-t Furadift LcJI.

1 wUlnoi/crr^.i// your judgment of the reit

Pafe,

3. To feize or gain pofTeflion of before ano-
ther; to buy before another in order to
raife the price.

He bold fpake, Sir knight, if knight thou be,
Abandon \\\\i f'jreJhlU-d f\ict at crl^.
For fear of further harm, I counfel ihee. Fairy Shi.

4. To deprive by fonicthing prior; with
of. Not in ufe.

May
This nighi/or/^j//him of the comjngday. Sbak.
FoRESi a'ller. w./. [ijom firijlall.] One
that anticipates the market; one that pur-
chafcs before others to raife the price.

Gjmmodilies good or bad, the workman mull
lake at bis mader's ralc.or fit llilland ftaivej whilft,
by this means, this new fort of ingroffers or forc-
ftalhrt having the feeding and fupplying this nu-
merous body of workmen, fet the price upon the
poor landholder. Locke.

Forestbo'rn. adj. [foreft, and born.] Born
in a wild.

iiomf'weat.'l Spent with

I,

FOR

This boy isforejlborttt
And hath been tutor'd in the rudiments
Of defperate ftudies. Sbakefp. As you Like it,

Fo'r ESTER, ti.f. [Far^yXrVr, French; from
foreft.]

1 . An officer of the foreft.

Forever, my friend, where is the bufli.
That we may ftand and play the murtherer in ?
— Here by, upon the edge of yonder coppice. Sbai,

2. An inhabitant of the wild country.
Fa'RESvvAT. ladj. [from yir and /lua/.
Fo'r E SWART.)

heat.

Mifo and Mopfa, like a couple o^forefivat mel-
ters, were getting the pure filver of their bodies out
of the ore of their garments. Sidney.

To For eta'ste. r. a. \_fore and tafle.]

1 . To have antepaft of; to have prefciencc
of.

2. To tafte before another..

Peihaps the faft
Is not fo heinous nov;,foretajled {r\x\t,
Profan'd firft by theferpent, by him firft
Made common, and unhallow'd, ere our tafte.

Milton.
Fo'retaste. »./. Anticipation of.

.\ pleafure that a man may call as properly his
own as his foul and his confcience, neither liable to
accidenr, nor expofed to injury : \t.\%\!a.tforelBjii>ai
heaven, and the earned of eternity. South.

To Forete'll. v. a. preter. and part; paiT.

foretold., [fore and tell. ]
I . To predift ; to prophefy.

What art thou, whofe heavy \oo^sfarelell
SoiTtc dreadfhl dory hanging on thy tongue ? Sbak,

1 found
The new-created world, which fame in heaven
lang hiiJprelM. MilHr.

Mircia's king,
Wam'd in a dream, Ins murder ixi foretell ,
From point to point, as after it befell. Dryden,

When great Ulyfles fought the Phrygian ftiores,
Deeds then undone my faithful xanpxt foretold \
Heaven feal'd my words, and you thole deeds behold. .

Fofe.

2. To foretoken; to forefhow.

To Forete'll. "v. ft. To utter prophecy.

All the prophets from Samuel, and ihofe that
fallow after, have \\)i.tvnit foretold of thefe days.

Afti, iii. 4.
Forete'ller. «./. [itom foretell,] Pre-
difter ; forefhewcr.

Others are propofcd, not that the foretold event*
(hould be known ; but that the accomplifhment that
eipounds them may evince, that the foreteller of
them was able to forefee thee. Boyle on Colours.

To Fo R e th i'n K. V. a. [fore and think.]
I . To anticipate in the raind ; to have pre-
fciencc of.

The foul of every man
Prophetically does /o«;i/«^ thy fall. Sbakeff eare.

1 do pray to ihee,
Thou'virtuous Dauphin, alter not the doom.
Firetbiughthf heav'n. Sbakefpeare' s King fohn.
Adam could not be ignorant of the punilhments.^
due to 'iieplcdt and difobcdicnce; and felt, by the
proof thereof, in himlclf another terror than he had
forethought, or could imagine. Raleigh.

Friday, the fatal day 1 when next it came,
HiafouiybM/iiwa^A' the fiend would chaugehis game.

Dryd. .
z. To contrive antecedently.

BlefTcd be that God which haih given you an
heart to foretbink this, and a will to honourhim with '
his own. Bijhop Hall.

fo For ETHi'wK, V. n„ To Contrive before,
hand.:

What'smy frenzy will becall'd my crime :
What then is thine > Thou cool dclibcr.ite villain ! '
Thou wih,forethinkiug, weighing politician I

Smith,..
FoRBTHo'uCHT. »./. [ftOiaforethinL]

5 I. Prefciencc

FOR

/. Prefciencc; anticipation.

He thit it undone, is equallr undone, whether
it be by fpiiefulntfs of/jnihougbt, or by the folly
ofoveriight, orevilcounlel. VEJirangt.

2. Provident care.

Tfl Forkto'ken. 'V. a. [fore and toiett-l
Tq forelhow ; to prognofticate as a fign.

The king from Ircl and hjftes ; but did no good ;
\Vhilft ftrange prodigious fifiti/areiakeri blood.

Daniel.

Foreto'ken. »./. [from the verb.] Pre-
yenient fign ; prognollick.

It may prove fome ooimant foreiohea of misfor-
tune. SiJyiry.
Thev mifliked nothing mote in King Edward tlie
Confcffor, than that he was Frenchified, and ac-
counted the defire of torei5;i language then to be a
hretokn of bringing in of foreign povrers, which
' indeed happened. CamJcn's Rmahn.
Toretoo'th. ti.f. [forezndfootb.] The
tooth in the anterior part of the mouth ;
the incifor.

I'hefintfetb fliouIJ be formed broad, and with

a thia Iharpedge like chizilcs. Rjy on ibr Creation.

Fo'retop. n.j: [fore and /»/>.] That part

of a woman's head-drefs that is forward,

or the top of a periwig.

S» may your h.it! your firriofs never prefs,
t'nteuch'd your ribbons, fatred be your drefs. Dryil.
FoREVo'uCHED. part, [fore and vouci.]
Affirmed before ; formerly told.

Sure her oftence
Mud be of fuch unnatural degree.
That monftert it; or yout/orivoucb'J affiflion
Fall'n into taint. Shakeff. King Le*r.

Fo'rk.ward. v. f[foreisA'ward.\ 'Ihe
van; the front. ,

They that marched in the /orruwi-rf were all
mighty men. lA/ar. i«. ii.

JTo FoREWARS. ii.a.[forevaa.'warn.\

1. To admonifti beforehand.

I will forewarn you whom you (hall fear : fear
him which, after he hath killed, hath power to call
into hell. ^ ^ Lutcxn.s.

2. To inform previoufly of any future
event.

Divine interpreter, by favour fent
Down ftrjm the empyrean, lo forewarn,
•Us timely of what might elfe have been our lofs
tjoknown. Milton's Paradijc Loji.

3. To caution againft any thing before-
hand.

Well I wiU.arm me, being thus/orfwara d.

Shakejf. Henry VI.
Thy pride.
And wand'ring vanity, when lead was fafe,
Rcjefled layfirefJarnin^, and difdain'd
Not to be trulled. Millon'i Paradife lx>ft.

Tho' Phdbus had/irrti'ar«/'</him of linging wars,
yet the fearch of nature was tree. Dryd. Virg. Ded.

Young Chorabus, who by love was led
To win renown and f.iir Calfandra's bed.
Had lately brought his troops to Priam's aid j
Foreiuarn'd in vain by the prophetick maid. Dryd,
To FoREWA*«TE. -J. a. [fore anA tunfli .'[
To defolate ; to deftroy. Out of ufc.

Vcfpafian, with |rcat fpoil and rage,
Forfwafird all, until Cemiffa gent
J>erfuaded him to ceafe. Ftfy ^"«-

High lime 'gan it wex for Una fair.
To think of thofe her captive parents dear.
And ihaxxforcwttjled kingdom to repair. Fairy £J.
y"(» Forpwea'rv. -v. a. [forean^'weaij;.}
To difpirit with labour.

By your toil
And labour long, through which ye hither came.
Ye hotU forrwearifd be : therefore a while
1 read you reft, and to your bowers recoil. Fairy ^
yo For E w I 's H . V. a. [fore mA ivi/h. ] To
defire beforehand.
The wifcr fort ccafed not to what in them lay, to

4

FOR

procure that ihsjood commonly /"■«((i/S«/ ">'?''*'''

time come to t{k€t. Xnollet.

Forewo'rn. pert, [fore and •worn, from

TWrtr.] Worn out; wafted by time or

ufe.

Neither the light was enough to read the words,

and the ink was already /irrtwir*, and in many

places blotted. Sidney.

FO'RFEIT. «. /. [forfait, Ytaich ; JorfeJ,

Welfti.]
I. Something loft by the commifllon of a
crime; foraething paid for expiation of a
crime ; a fine; a mulcl.

Thy danders I forgive, and therewithal
Remit thy other fotfriti, Sbaieff.

Th' execution leave to high difpofal.
And let another hand, not thine, eiaft
Thy fenaX/orfeit from thyfelf. Milton's Agoniftes.

Thy life, Mclantius ! I am come to take,
Of which foul treafon does iforftii make. IVatler.

z. A perfon obnoxious to punifhment; one
whofe life is forfeited by his offence.
Now obfolete.

Your brother is t forfeit of the law.
And you but wade your words. Sbakefp.

Claudio, whom liere you have warrant to execute,
is no greater forfeit to the law than Angelo, who
hath fentenced him. Sbakefp.

To Fo'rfeit. "v. a. [from the noun.] To
lofe by fome breach of condition ; to lofe
by fome offence.

If then a man, on light conditions, gain
A great eftate to him, and his, for ever;
If wilfully he forfeit it again.
Who doth bemoan his heir, or blame the giver ?

Davies.

Men difpleafed God, and confequeatly /c^'iVfi/
all light to happinefs. toy/e.

A f^her cannot alien the power he has over his
child : he may perhaps to fome ie%jees forfeit it, but
cannot transfer it. Loeke.

Fo'rfeit. participial, adj. [from the verb.]
Liable to penal feizure; alienated by a
crime; loft either as to the right or pof-
feflion, by breach of conditions.

All the fouls that are, weteforfeH once ;
And he that might the 'vantage bcft have took.
Found out the remedy. Sbakefp. Meaf.fr Meaf.

Beg that thou may'ft have leave to hang thyfelf;
And yet, thy wealth \ie\n% forfeit to the date,
Thou halt not left the value of a cord. Sbjkefpeare.

This now fencelefs world.
Forfeit to death. Milton.

Straight all his hopes eihal'd in empty fmoke.
And his long toils viexe forfeit for a look. Dryden.

Methought with wond'rous cafe he fwaMow'ddown
W\i forfeit honour, to betray the town. Drydtn.

How the murd'rer payed \n%forfeit breath ;
What lands fo diftant from that fcene of death.
But trembling heard the fame! Vofe's Odyffey.

Fo'rpeitable. adj. [Itom forfeit. ^ Pof-
feffed on conditions, by tHe breach of
which any thing may be loft.
Fo'rfeiture. n. f. [forfaiture. French;

from/oI•/(•/^]
I. The aft of forfeiting; the puniftiment
difcharged by lofs of fomething poflelTed.
z. The thing forfeited; a mulft; a fine.

The court is as well a Chancery to fave and de-
\ax foifeilurtt^ as a court of common law to decide
rishts : and tMre would be work enough in Ger-
many and Italy! 'f Impcrial/<>r/<://«r« (liould go for
good titles. Bacon's H'ar tuitb Spain.

Ancient privileges and ads of grace indulged by
fotmer kings, mull not, without high reafon, be
revoked by their fucceflbrs ; nox forfeitures beexaiScJ
violently, nor penal laws urged rigoroully. Taylor.

He fairly abdicates his throne,
He has iforfdture incurr'd. Sviift.

Forga've. The preterite of forgive.'\

FORGE. «./. [forge, French.

I. The place where iron is beaten into

FOR

form. In common language we w(e forge
for large work , andy/w///;^ for fmall ; bat
in books the diftiniiion is not kept.

Now behold
In the quick yiir^f and working-houfe of thought, .
How London doth pour out her c.tiens. Sbakff,

In other pait Hood one, who at tht^irj^
Labouring, two mafly clods of iron and brafs.
Had melted. Milton's Paradife L^,

Th' o'er labour'd Cyclop from his talk retires,
Th" JEaWsxiforge exhaulted of its fires. Pofe.

2. Any place where any thing is made 01
fliaped.

From no elher forge hath proceeded a ftrarjt
conceit, that to fervc God with any fet form of
common prayer is fuperilitious. Hooker^

3. Manufadure of metalline bodies; die
aft of working.

In the greater bodies (he forge was eafy, the mat-
ter being dudlile and fequatious and obedient to the
ftroke of the a.-,ifi.er, and apt to be drawn, formed,
and moulded. Bacon.

To Forge, "v. a. {forger, old French.]
I. To form by the hammer; to beat into,
Ihape.

The queen of martials.
And Mars himfcif conduced them; both which

\ie\Vt%for^d of gold.
Mud needs have golden furniture. Chapman's IliaiL

Tygcr with tyger, bear with bear you'll lind
In leagues offenfive and dqfenfive join'd ;
But lanlcfs man the anvil dares profane,
Ani forge that deel by which a man is llain.
Which earth at fird for plough-fiiares did afford.
Nor yet the fmilh had learn 'd to form a fword.

Tate's Ju*.
z. To make by any means.

He was a kind of nothing, titlelefs,
'Till he huAfo'g'd himfclf a name i" th' (ire
Of burning Rome. Sbakeff. Ctriolanm.

His heart's his mouth :
What his bread /irgej, that his tongue mud vent.

Sbakefp.
Thofe names that the fchools forged, and put
into the mouths of fcholars, could never get ad-
miltance into common ufe, or obuin the licence of
publick approbation. Loeke,

3. To counterfeit ; to falfify.
Were 1 king,
I ftiould cut olTlh: nobles for their lands;
For my more having would be but as fauce
To make me hunger more, that I ihanM forge
Quarrels unjud againd the good and loyal,
Dedroying them lor wealth. Sbakefp. Macietb,

Fo'rgkr. »./. [itom firge."]

1 . One who makes or forms.

2. One who counterfeits anything; a fal-
fifier.

As in dealing, if there were no receivers thero

would be no thieves; fo in (lander, if there were

fewer fprcaders there would be ieiiex forgers of libels.

Government of tbe Tongue.

Vo forger of lies willingly and wittingly furnilhes
out the means of his own detedlion. Il'ijt.

Fo'rcery. »./. [[rom fcrge.] The crime of
falfification.

Has your King married the Lady Gray ?
And now, to footh your frgery and his,
Sends me a paper to perfuade me patience. Sbakefp,

Nothing could have been eafier than for the )ews,
the enemies of JcfusChrid, to have difprovcd thefe
fafls, had they been falfe, to have ihcwn their
faUhood, and to have convifted them of/trrry.

Stepbens's Sermons,

K forgery, in fetting a falfe name to a writing,
which may prejudice another's fortune, the law pu-
nilhcs wjlh the lofs of cars; but has inflifted no
adequate penalty for doing the fame thing in print,
though books fold under a falfe name are fo many
forgeries. Sviifi,

2. Smith's work; fabrication; the aft of
the forge.

He I an on embattled armic«(Ud in iron,
And vtcaponlcfs himfclf.

J:

FOR

M»Je srnn riJiculom, ufcltfs iSt/orgny
Ot brazen (hield and fpcar, the hammcr'd cuirafi,
Chalybean lemper'd llcel, and frock of mail
Adamanlean proof. Mi/lon'i Ag^niftu.

'To FORGET. V. a. preter. forgot ; part.
forgotten, ox forgot. [pop3}'-caD, Saxon;
•vtrgeten, Dutch. J

1. To lofe memory of; to let go from the
remembrance.

That is Dot/crgol
Which ne'er I did icmember; to my knowledge,
1 never in mj life did look on him. Sbair/jnare,

When I im/argoi:en, as 1 (hall he.
And fleep in dull cold marble, »here no mention
Of me mull mors be heard. Shake/fiarc.

Ftrgt not thy friend in thy mind, and be not

■nmindfui of him in thy riches. EccUf. xixYii. 6.

No fooner was our deliverance compleated, but

yit-firgot our danger and our duly. Allerbury.

.•Mive, ridiculous J and dead, /oc^or. Pfft.

2. Not toatteiid; to negleft.

Can a woman Jorge: her fucking child ? Yea,
they miy/orgel j yet I will aot/ergri ihce.

I/a. xlix. 5 .

If we tnlght/orger ourfelves, or forget God ; if we
might difregard our rcafon, and live By humour and
fancy in any thing, or at any time, or at any place,
it would be as lawful to do the Came in every thing,
at every lime, and every place. Lav).

The mafs of taav.firgQiien things. Anon.

FoRCe'tful. aaj. [lrom/«r^«.]

1, Not retaining the memory of.

2, Caufing oblivion ; oblivious.

But whei a thoufand rolling years are paft,
Sj long their puniQiments and penance lall.
Whole droves of minds arc by the driving go4
Compell'd to diink the deep Lethean flood,
In largeyir^fr/i/ draughts to deep the cares
Of their patt labours, and theii irkfome ycirs.

Dryd. Mn.

3, Inattentive; negligent; ncgleftful; care- 1
lefs. I

Be not/ir|;^r/;// to entertain ftrangers. Urb. xiii. t.

The Queen is comtotdel's, and vtcfoigeifHl
In our long abfe-.n-c. Shake/p. tlcitry VIII.

Have you not love to bear with me.
When that raih humour, which my mother gave me.
Makes aic for geifut f Sbr.,.eff. "Juliui Cxjar.

I, in iiA, a real inierelt h.i«c.
Which to my own advantage I would ^iyt \
And, with the ufual courtier's trick, intend
To ferve myfdf, firgitful of my friend. Prior.

Foice'tfulness, n.f.[ftomforgeiful.'\

1. Oblivion; ceflation to remember; lofii
of memory.

O gentle fleep !
Nature's fofi nurfe, how have I frighted thee.
That thou no mere will weigh my eyelids down.
And Iteep my fenl'cs \n forgetj'ulnrfs ! SLakr/f).

All birds and bealU be hulh'd ; tleep deals <way
The wild delires of men and toils of day;
And brings, defcending, through the lilent air,
■ A iwcct/'^rgfffu/rre/i oi humin are. FcffeU ^tatius.

2. Negligence; negleft;- inattention.

The church of England is grievoully charged with
fa- geiful«ffi of her duty. Hooker.

to'RCETiVE. adj. \iiomforge.'\ That may
forge or produce. A word, 1 believe, pe-
culiar to Shakefpcare.

Good (herrie fackafccnds me info the brain, dries
ve therv all the foolilli, dull vapours, makes it ap-
prcheiifive, quick, forgriive, full of nimble Oiapes,
which, delivered ta the voice, becomes etdlent wit.

abakeffeare.

Force'tter. »./. [from/orfr/.]

1. One that forgets.

2. A carclcfs perfon.

To FORGIVE, t: a. [porjipn, Saxon.
I. To pardon a perfon ; not to punifh.

Then hefJtn/orgi've him too! Sbakrffiare.

1 do befecch your grace for charity ;
Tf ever any malice in your heart
Wcic hid ajaioli me, oof/orgivt me frtokly.

FOR

Sir Thsmas Lovell, I as (tn forgive yflu,
Ai i vto\>\i \it forgiven t I forgive a\\, Shalefp.
Slowly provok'd, (he taSXyfergivtf, Prior.

2, To pardon a crime.

The people that dwell therein (hall be forgiven
their iniquity. If. xxxiii. 24.

If prayers
Could alter high decrees, 1 to that place
Would fpecd before thee, and be louder heard,
That on my head all might be vilited.
Thy frailty and infirmer in forgiven.
To me committed, and by me cxpos'd. Milton.

3. To remit; not to exaift debt or penalty.

The lord of that fcrvant was moved with com-
palTion, loofcd him, ini forgave him the debt.

Mat. xviii. 47.

FoRGi'vENESs. »./. [popjipenntj-j-e, Sax.]

1 . The aft of forgiving.

To the Lord our God belong mercies inif.rgive-
neffes. Daniel.

2. Pardon of an offender.

Thou haft promifed repentance %-ni forgiven! fs to
them that have tinned againft thee. Prayer of Ma:

Exf:hingcforgi-veTiefs with me, noble Hamlet;
Mine and my lather's death come not upon thee.
Nor thine on me. Sbakeff. Hamlet.

Forgiveneft to the injur'd does belong;
But they ne'er pardon who commit Uie wrong.

Dryden.

3. Pardon of an offence.

God has certainly promifed forgivenefi of (in to
every one who repents. Soutb.

4. Tenderncfs; willingnefs to pardon.

Here are intr<>duccd more heroick principles of
rocckncf?, forgiveneft, bounty, and magnanimity,
than all the learning of the heathens could invent.

Spratt.

Mercy above did hourly plead
For her refcmblance htrt below ;

And mild forgiveneft intercede
To ftop the coming blow. Dryden,

5. Remiffion of a fine, penalty, or debt.
FoROi'vER. »./. [im?aforgive.'\ One who

pardons.
Forgo't. "I part. pafl". of yi/-^<'/. Not
Forco'tten. J remembered.

This fong (hall not hi forgotten. Deut. xxii. 21.

Great Straffi>rd i worthy of that name, though all

Of thee could beforgoiien, but thy fall. Dinbam.

The foft ideas of the chearful note,
Lightly receiv'd, were ea(ilyy&r^or. Prior.

To Forha'il. v. a. [An old word. Pro-
bably iotfirhaul, from for and haul.'\ To
harrafs ; tear; torment.

All this long tale.
Nought cafeth the care that doth me forhait,

Sfenfer't Pafl.

FORK. v.f. [/''■i-^, Latin ;/i>rf/>,Wellh;
fourche, French.]

1. An inftrument divided at the end into
two or more points or prongs, ufcd on
many occafions.

AtMidfummcrdownwith the brambles and brakes,
And after abroad with Xk-jforkt and thy rakes.

TnJIer.

The vicar (iriJ, and after him the crew,
Withyjrir and Itaves the felon to purfue.
Ran Coll our do^. Dryden' 1 Nun't Priejl.

1 dine v,\x\\forki that have but two prongs, Sv.ifi.

2. It is fometimes ufed for the point of an
arrow.

The bow is bent and drawn : make from the (haft.
— Let it fall rather, though the fork invade
The region of my heart. Hbakefp. King Lear.

3. A point.

Several are amazed at the wifdom of the ancients,
that reprefented a thunderbolt with three firk!,
fince nothing could have better explained its triple
quality of piercing, burning, and melting. Addifcn.

To Fork, v, n. [from the noun.] To flioot
into blades, as corn does out of the
ground.
The corn beglnB«th lofork, Moiiimer't lltifh.

FOR

Fo'rked. aJj. \ftora fork.'\ Opening int"
two or more parts. '

Naked he was, for all the world, like a forked
radiOi, with a head fantallically carved upon it with
a knife. Sbakefpeare.

Sometimes we feej cloud that's dragonifh,
A forked mountain, or blue promontory. Sbakrfp.

Come, (hall we go and kill us venifon ?
And yet it irks me the poor dappled fools
Should in their own contines, W-i\hforked heads,
Have their round haunches goar'd. Sbake/p.

He would have fpoke ;
But hifs for hifs retum'd, withyirifd' tongue
To forked tongue. A'lll'on's Paradife Lo/t^

Ye dragons, whofe contagious breath
Peoples the duk retreats of death.
Change your fierce hiding into joyful fong.
And praile your Maker with your_/i)iS<</ tongue.

Rofcommjn..

Fo'rkedly. adtj. [frora/onf ('</.] In a forked

form.
Fo'rkedness. «._/". [irom forked."] The

quality of opening into two parts or

more.
Fo'rkhead. «._/! [firk&nihead.'\ Pointof

an arrow.

It fcizing, no way enter migTvt ;
But back refouiiding, left iheforkbead keen,
EflToons it tied away^and might no where be Teen.

Fairy Sluee*.
Fu'KKY.ad/. [from/uri.] Forked; furcated;
opening into two parts.

The fmiling infant in his hand (hall take
The crrrted bafilifk and fpeckltd fnake ;
Pleas'd the green luftre of the fcaks I'urvey,
And with theiryir^ tongue and pointlefs fting (hall
play. Pofe't Me/Jiah.

Forlo're. [The preterite and participle of
the Saxon popleopen, in Dutch <verloreit.'[
Defertcd; forfook ; forfakcn. Obfolete.

Such as Diana by the fandy (hore
Of fwift Eurotas, or on Cynthus' green,
Where all the nymphs have )\txf»rlore. Fairy Q^,

That wretched world he 'gan for to abhor,
And mortal life 'gan loath, as thingyir/orr.

Fairy ^een.
Thus fell the trees, with noife the defcrts roar;
The bealts their caves, the birds their neHsforlore.

Fairfax.

FORLORN, adj. [pojilopen, from popleo-
pan, Saxon; njerloren, Dutch.]

J. Deferred; deftitute ; forfaken; wretch-
ed; helplefs; folitary.

Make them feek for that they wont to fcorn ;
Of fortune and of hope at ana forlorn. HubberJ,

Tell me, good Hobinol, what gars thee greet?
What ? hath fome wolf thy tender lambs yiorn ?

Or is thy bagpipe broke, that founds fo fwcot ?
Or art thou of thy loved X^Uforhm f Spenfer,

Inev^ry place was heard the lamentation of wo-
men and children ; every thing Ihcwcd the hcavinefa
of the time, andfeemed as altogether iuH^niforlorn.
Knolles'i Hijlury,

How can I live without thee ! how torego
Thy fweet converfe, and love fo dearly join'd.
To live again iu ihefe wild woods forloi n ! Milton,

Their way
Lies through the perplex'd paths of this drear wood;
The nodding horrourof whofe Ihady brows.
Threat thcyi-r/or/r and wand'ring pafienger. Milton,

My only llrcngth and rtay ! forlorn of thee,
Whither (hall 1 betake me, where fubfill ! Milton.

Like a decliriiug ilatei'man, \ehf,rtorn
To his friends pity and purfucrs fcorii. Denbam.

The good old mni, forlorn of human aid,
Tor vengeance to his heavenly patron piay'd.

Dtyden,

Philomel laments ^r/orw. Fenton.

As fome fad turtle his loll love deplores.
Thus, far from Delia, to the winds I mourn ;
Alike unheard, unpity'd, zaA forlorn. Pope,

2. Taken away. 1 his feiife rtiews that it
is the participle of an aftivc verb, now
loft,

Wliu

FOR

Wlwn as night hith us of liglit/»i-/i»»,
I wilh that day would fliorily reafcend. Spinftr,

What it become of great Aerates' fon !
Or where hath he hung up his mortal blade,

That hath fo many haughty concjuefts won ?
Is all his loKt filoin, and all his Glory done (

Fairy S^urtn.

3. Small ; defpicablc ; in a ludicroos fenfe.
He was fo fcrloiit, that his dimenfions to any
thick fight were invincible. Shaktff, lltnry IV.
FoRLo'rn. n./.

1. A loft, folitary, forfaken man,

Henry
7s of a king become abanilh'd man,
And forc'd to live in ScolUnJ i forlorn, Shakeff.

2. Forlorn Hope. The foldiers who are
fent firft to the attack, and are therefore
doomed to pcrith.

Criticks in plume.
Who lolling on our forcmoU benches fit,
A«d ftiU charge firft, the true/ci/ora of wit. Dryd.

Forlo'rnness. »,/. [trom/{>7o;».3Defti-
tution; mifery ; folitude.

Men difpleafcd God, and confequently forfeited all
right to happinefs; even wliilft they compleated the
Mornncji of their condition by the lethargy of not
bcingfenfibleofit. -fiV'-

yVi Forly'e, 1: ». [from/or? and />r.] To
Jye before.

Knit with a golden baldric, which /oi/tf)'
Athwart her fnowy brealt, and did divide

Her dainty paps, which, like young fruit in May,
NowJitile 'gan tofwell ; and being ty'd
Through her thin ■weed, their places only fignify'd.

t'a. Slu.

FORM. »./. \fornta, Latin ; ftrme, Fr.]
I. The external appearance of any thing;
repiefentation ; (hape.

Nay, women are frail loo,
•A-/, as the glallis where they view thcmfelves.
Which are as eafy broke as they make/or«i. Sbak.
Itftood lUU( but I. could not dilcern the yiim
thettof. ^ . , >^-

Gold will endure a vehement fire, without any
thange, and after it has been divided by corrofive
liquors into invifible parts ; yet may prefently be pre-
cipiuted.fo as to appear again in its /o/«.

Grtw'i Cofmol, Sac,
Matter, as wife logicians fay,
CaniKit without nform fubl'ilt ;

Knifarm, fay i as well as they,
Muft fail, if matter brings no grift. ^ Siuift.

i. Being, as modified by a particular (hape.

WJjen noble benefits (hall prove
Not well difpos'd, the mind grown once corrupt.
They turn to vicious/sr/wJ, ten times more ugly
Than ever they wrre fair. Shakefpejre' 1 If. VUI.

Here toils and death, and death's half-brother,
fleep.
Forms terrible to view, their fentry keep |
With anxious pleafures of aguilly mind.
Deep frauds before, and open force behind. Drjd.

3. Particular model or modification.

He that will look into many paits of ^(ia and
America will find men reafon ihere peihaps as
acutely as himfelf, who yet never heard of a fyllo-
gifm, nor can reduce any one argument to thofe
Jiirm, , Lcckt.

It lengthens out every a« oiworlhip, and pro-
duces more lafting and permanent imprefiions in the
mind, than tliufc which accompany any tranfient
form of words that are uttered in the ordinary me-
thod of religious worihip. Addifon.

4. Beauty ; elegance of appearance.

He hath no form nor comelioefs. Jfa. liii. 2.

5. Regularity ; method ; order.

What he fpoke, though it lack'd/orm a lirile.
Was not like madncfs. Shakeffiarc'i HamUl.

6. External appearance without the eflen-
tial qualities ; empty (how.

Then thofe whom/ii-m of laws
Condemn'd to die, when .traitors judg'd their caufe.

Dry den.

They were young hciis feat roly iirform from

FOR

fchooli, wliere Ihey were not fuffertd to ft»y thtie
irbnths. Stxi/l,

7. Ceremony ; cjctemal rites.

Though well we may not pafs upon his lifcj
Without \\\eform of juftice ) yet our pow'r
Shall do a court'fy to our wrath, which men
May blame, but not controul. Shaktff. King Liar.

A long table, and a IquaiT table, or a feat about
the walls, feem things oPform, but at« things of
fubftance ; for at a long table, a few at the upper
end, in elFefl, fway all the bufinefs ; but in the
other form, there is nwre ufe of the counfellor^ opi-
nions that fit lower. Bacon's EJfays.

That the parliaments of Ireland might want no
decent or honourableyo>-»i ufed in England, he caufed
a particular aft to pafs, thit the loids of Ireland
fhould appear in parliament robes. Djvies.

Their general ufed, in all difpatches made by him-
felf, to obferve all decency in their forms, Clarind,

How am I to interpret, fir, this vifit ?
Is it a compliment of /irw, or love >

A fbil. mjl. Moth.

8. Stated method ; eftablifhed praftice ; ri-
tual and prefcribcd mode.

He who affiriSeth fpecch to be neceflary amongft
all men, throughout the world, dolh not thercb/ im-
port that ail men muft neceffarily fpcak one kind of
language ; even fo the nerellily of polity and regimen
in all churches may be he!d, without holding any
one certain form to be neceltiry in them all.

lia'jktr.

Nor are conftant forms of prayer more likely to
flat and hinder the fpirit of prayer and devotion, than
unpremeditated and confufed variety 10 diftraift and
lofe it. King Charles.

Nor feck to know
Their procefs, or the forms of law below. Drydeti.

9. A long feat.

If a chair be defined a feat for a fingle perfon,
with a back belonging to it, then a ftool is a feat
for a fingle perfon without a back ; and iform is a
feat for feveral pcrfotis, without a back. If'atts.

I wasfeen with her in the manorhoufe, fitting
with her upon titt form, and taken following her
into the park. Shakeff,

10. A clafs ; a rank of ftudents.

It win be necelfary to fee and examine thofe
works which have given fo great a reputation to the
mafters of the firft /t-im. Drydin,

1 1. The feat or bed of a hare.

Now for a clod like hare \aform thy peer !
Now bolt and cudgel fquirrds leap do move |

Nowthe ambitious lark, with miirourdear.
They catch, while he, fool ! to himfelf makes love.

Sidney.

Have you obferv'd a fitting hare,
Lift'ning, and fearful of the ftorm

Of horns and hounds, clap back her ear.
Afraid to keep or leave htxform. Pricr.

12. Form is the cfTential, fpecifical, or dif-
tinguilhing modification of the matter of
which any thing is compofed, fo as there-
by to give it fuch a peculiar manner of
exiftence. Harris.

In definitions, whether they be fr.imfd larger to
augment, or llrider to abridge the number of facra-
menls, we find grace exprefly mentioned as their
true eflentiaiyoi-OT, and elements as the matter whcrc-
unto ihnform did adjoin itfelf. Hooker.

13. .\ formal caufe; that which gives
e(rcnce.

They inferred, if the world were a living crea-
ture, it had a foul and fpirit, by which they did not
intend God, for they did admit of a deity befides,
but only the foul or effentiaiy^rw of the univcrfe.
Bacon's Natural H{ftc
To Form. -v. a. [formo, Latin.]
I. To make out of materials.

Coi formed man of the dull of the ground.

Gen, ii. 7.
The liquid ore he drain'd
Into fit molds prepar'd ; from which he form'd
Firft his own tools : then, « hat might elfe be wrought
Fufil, or^rjv'n in metal. Milton,

Delermin'd to advance into our room
A cre4tute/«t«i'(/ ot earth. MUttrn.

Itory.

FOR

$>a.t fofttd the phantom •f well-bodied air. Phft

2. To model to a particular (hape or ftatc.

Creature in whom excell'd
Whatever can to fight or thought \xfortifj,
Holy, divine, good, amiable, or fwcct. MiUoit,

Let Eve, for 1 have drench'd her eyes,
Here deep below, while ihou to forefight wak'ft;
As once thou fleep'ft, while (he to life yiti form'd.

Millcn,

3. To modify ; to fchemc; to plan.

Lucretius taught him not toformh\% hcroe, to
give him piety or valour for his manners. Drydtn,

4. To arrange ; to combine in any parti-
cular manner : as, hv. formed his troops.

5. To adjuft ; to fettle.

Our differences with the Romanifls are lAns^formtd
into an intereft, and become the defign not of fingle
peifjns, but of corporations and fucceffions.

Decay of Piety,

6. To contrive ; to coin.

The defeat of the defign is the routing of opiniont
formed for promoting it. Decay of Piety,

He dies too foon 1
And fate, if paCible, muft be delay'd :
'i"he thought that labours in my forming brain.
Yet crude and immature, demands more time.

Rnvt.

7. To model by education or inftitution.

Let him to this wilh eafy pains be brought.
And I'ccm to labour when he labours not :
Thus/or»i'</forfpeed, he challenges the wind.
And leaves the Scythian arrow far behind. DryJ.

FO'KM AL. atij. [f'ormel, French ; formalis,

Latin.]
I. Ceremonious; folemn ; precifc ; exaft
to aSefiition.

The juftice,
In fair round belly, with good capon lin'd.
With eyesfevere, and beard of_/i)' wj/' cut.
Full of wife fjws and modern inilances
And fo he plays his part. Shakeff. As you like It.
I^'otmal in apparel,
In gait and countenance furely like a father.

Shakejpeji:^'

Ceremonies be not to be omitted to (hangers and

form.tl natures ; but the exalting them above the

mean is not only tedious, but doth diminith the

credit of him that fpeaks. Bacon.

2." Done according to eftablilhed rules and
methods ; not irregular ; not fudden ; not
extemporaneous.

There is not any pofitive law of men, wheihir
it be general or particular, received byyii'wa/ exprefs
confcnt, as in councils; or by fecret approbation, as
in cuftoms it cometh to pafs, but may be taken away,
ifoccafionfcrvc. Hooker,

At there aie/orora/and written leagues, refpeflive
to certain enemies ; fo there is a natural and tacit
confederation amongft all men againft the common
enemies of human fociety, fo as tliere needs no in-
timation or denunciation of the war ; but all thefc
foimalities the l.iw of nature fupphes, as in the cafe
ofpiraies. Bacon,

3. Regular ; methodical.

Theyt/wrt/ftars do travel io.
As we tlieir names and courfes know ;
And he that on their changes looks.
Would think them govern'J by our books. Waller,

4. External ; having the appearance but not
the cfTence.

0( formal duty, make no more thy boaft ;
Thou difobey'ft where it concerns me moft. Dryd.

5. Depending upon eftablifliment orcuftoin.

Still ihconftraint yourfuficring fcx remains,
Or bound in formal or in real chains. Pofe,

6. Having the power of making any thing
what it is ; conftituent ; eifential.

Of letters the material part is breath and voice :
the formal is conftituted by the motions and figure
of the organs of fpeech affeifting breath with a pe-
culiar found, by which each letter is difcriminatcd.
Holder's Elements ofSfeecb,
Bellarmine agrees in making the formal aft of
ad«»Uon t9 be fubieftioa to a fuperior : but withal

he

FOR

he makes the mere apprelienfion of excellency to in-
clude the /brma/ rcnioii oi it : whereas mere excel-
lency, without fuperiority, doth not require any
fubjeftion, but only e&ia •.tion. Stilji'ngjlcei.

The veiy life and vital motion, and the Jormal
eflfence and nature of man, is wholly owing to the
power of God. Bcniky.

7. Retaining its proper and effential cha-
radterifticK ; regular ; proper.

Thou IhouMli come like a fury cover'd with fnakes.
Not like iL formal man. Sbakejf. Ant. and Clop.

1 will not let him ftir,
'Till I haveus'd th' approved means I have;
With wholefomc fyrups, drugs, and holy prayers.
To make of him i formal ima again. Shakffp.

Fo'rmalist. tt. /. \formaliJie, French;
from form.l One who praftifes external
ceremony ; one who prefers appearance to
reality ; one who feems what he is not.

It is a ridiculoui thing, and fit for a fatyr to per-

fons of judgment, to fee what Ihifts frnialijli have,

and what profpedtives to make fuperdcies to fcem a

body that hath depth and bulk. Bacon.

Agrive, ftaunch, (kilfuUy managed face, fet upon

a grafping afpiiing mind, having gat many a fly

fornulij ihe repuution of a primitive and fevere

P'"yw South.

Formality, n.f. [/er/aa/rV/, French ; from

/'orm.'\
1. Ceremony ; eftabliflied mode of beha-
viour.

The attire, which the minifter of God is by order
to ufe at times of divine fervice, is but a matter of
mere formality, yetfuch as for comelinefe fake hath
hitherto been judged not unneceflary. Hooter.

Formalities of extraordinary leal and piety are
never more ftudied and elaborate than in defpcrate
d'Cp". KingCharl,,.

Many a worthy man facrifices his peace to for.
ulitUt of compliment and good manners. h'EJir.

tialit

N&r was his attendance on divine offices a mat-
ter of formality and cuftom, but of confcience.

After bury.

2. Solemn order, method, mode, habit, or
drefs.

If men forfwear the deeds and bonds they draw,
Though fign'd with ii\ form.ility o! law ;
And though the figning and the feal proclaim
The barefac'd perjury, and fix the (hame. Dryden.
The pretender would have infallibly landed in our
northern parts, and found them all fat down in their
JormJiliei, as the Gauls did the Roman fenators.

c .. 1 iwft.

3. txtemal appi^rance.

, J" ''* .°" ^*^ ■''' formality of faculties, or af-
fedlions, IS the impofture of our fancies, and contra-
diaory to his divinity. Glan-ville'i Scefftu

4. Effcnce ; the quality by which any thing
is what it is.

May not a man vow to A. and B. that he will
give a hundred pounds to an hofpital ? Here the vow
l< made both to God and to A. and B. But here \.
ar^ B. are only witneffes to the vow ; but thc/Jrl
mality of tbc vow lic< in thepromife made to God.
.^ 17 I ^tilliftfr^eet,

^» ho RMALI7.E. f. (7. [formali/er, French-
from fjrmal.] '

1. To model ; to modify. A word not now
in ufe.

The fame fpirit which anointed the blerted foul
ofour Saviour Chr.it, doth (c formalize, unite, and
aduate h.s whoie race, as if both he and thev were
to many limbs c impaacd into one body. Ho'.ier

2. To affca formality ; to be fond of cere-
mony.

Fo'rmally, at/v. [from fortxa/.]
I. According to eftablilbed rules, methods,
ceremonies or rites.

Formally according to our law,
D=^rehim._ Shah/f.ar.',R;el,ardn.

z. Ceremonionlly ; fliffly; precifely

F O R

pany did not deferve our familiarity, is a downright

challenge of homage. Collier on Pride.

3. In open appearance ; in a vilible and ap-
parent ftate. '^

You and your followers do (land formally divided
againft the authorifed guides of the church, and the
reft of the people. Hooker.

4. Eflentially ; charaftcriftically.

This power and dominion is not ajjiuately and
formally the image of God, but only a part of it.

South.
The Heathens and the Chriftians may agree in
material aiSs of charity; but that vVxh formally
makes this a Chrjftian grace, is the fpring from
which it flows. Small idge.

Forma'tion. n.f. [formation, French;
fromybr»?a; Lat.J

1 . The aft of forming or generating.

The matter difcharged forth ofvulcano's, and
other fpiracles, contributes to the formation of me-
teor^. IHod-ward.

The folids are originally formed of a fluid, from a
fmill point, as appears by the gradual/oniB<;r/o« of
»f«tus. Arbuthnot.

Complicated ideas, growing up under obfervation,
give not the fame confufion, as if they were all ofl'ered
to the mind at once, without your obferving the ori-
ginal ini formation of them. Ifatts.

2. The manner in which a thing is formed.

The chorion, a thick membrane obfcuring the
formation, the dam doth tear afunder. Broun.

Fo'rmative. ai/J. [from for/tio, Latin.]
Having the power of giving form;
plallick.

As we have eftablilhed our aflertion of the feminal
produflicn of all kinds of animals ; fo likewife we
affirm, that the meaneft plant cannot be raifed
without feed, by any formative power refiding in
'■;« f"''- Bentley's Sermont.

to'RMER. », /. [from form.] He that
forms ; maker ; contriver ; planner.

The wonderful art and providence of the <an-
ttiver ^t\A former of our bodies, appears in the mul-
titude bfintcniions he mufthave in the formation
oflevcral parU for feveral ufes . Ray on the Creation
1'0'RMiR. [atij. [fromponma. Saxon, firft;
whence former, and frmo/l, now com-
monly written /5flr«o/?. as ifderivcd from
before. Foremofl is generally applied to
place, rank, or degree, and former only
to time ; for when we fay the Jaft rank of
the proceflion is like the former, we re •
fpeft time rather than place, and mean
that which he faw bfore, rather than that
which had precedence in place.]

1. Before another in time.

Thy air.
Thou other gold bound brow, is like the firft ■
—A ihird is like the former. Shakefp. Macbeth

2. Mentioned before another.

A bad author dcferves better ufage than a bad cri-
tick : a man may be theformer merely through the
misfortune of an ill judgment; but he caiinot be the
latter without both lh« and an ill temper. Pope
J. Paft : as tiis nu/irthe ci'fom iff fora'.er lima.
The prefent point of time is all thou hart.
The future doubtful, and the/c,-OT^, paft Harte

Fo RMERLY. ati-v. [ffom/or^fr. 1 In times'
pair.

The places were all of them/.merA. the cool re-
tirements cf the Romans, where they ufed to hide
Ihemfelves among the woods and mountains, during
the exceffive heats of their Summer. AdJifon

As an animal degenerates by difeafes, the animal'
laln,/i>r».er/^ benign, approach towards an alkaline
nature. A f, tU .^

FO'KMIDABLE. ajj. [formidabiUs S^^\
formtJable.lrtnch.] Terrible; dreadful;
tremendous ; terrifick ; to be feared.

I fwell my preface into a volume, and make it
formitMe, when you fee fo many pages behind.

Drydat't 4in. Dedication.

FOR

j They feem'd to fear thtformiJaUefghl, ■

And roll 'd their billows on. to fpeed his flight. DrtJ.
fORMIDABLENESS, ». /. [ftomfoimidtli/^i]

1. The quality of exciting terror or dread,

2. The thing caufmg dread.

They rather chufe to be ftewed ihtformidaileneft

of their danger, than by a blind embracing it, to

„ Pf'""- Decay of Piety.

ifos.MXDk^i.Y.ad'v. [fxoTa formitiabUA In
a terrible manner.

Behold ! e'en to remoter (hores,
A conquering navy proudly fpread j
The Britifti aatioaformidaily roars. Dryden.

Fo'rmless. adj. [fiom form.] Shapelefs ;
without regularity of form.

All form is formlefs, order orderlefs.
Save what is oppoCte to England's love. Shakefp.

Fo-RMULARY. n. f. [fornuuiire, French ;
from/<?r»:a/e'.] A book containing ftated
and prefcribed models or fet forms.

Formulary, adj. Ritual; prefcribed;
ftated.

FO'RMULE. «. /. [firmuU, French ; for-
mula, Latin.] A fet or prefcribed model.

To FO'RNICATE. -v. a. [fromforHtx, La-
tin.] To commit lewdnefs.

Itisanew way to_/ora/i:<7/eata diftance. BroiOn.

Fornica'tion. n.f. [fornication, French;
fornicatio, Latin,]

1. Concubinage or commerce with an un-
married woman.

Blefs me ! what a fry ai fornication is at the door.

Sbake/p.

The law ought to be ftrift againft/ora/Vjifioojanii
adulteries ; for, if there were univerfal liberty, the
increafe of mankind would be but like that of foxes
a'''<:t- Graunt.

2. In Scripture, foraetimes idolatry.

Thou did'ft truft in thine own beauty, thou played 'ft
the harlot, becaufe of thy renown, and pouredft out
thyfarnicationt on every one that pafled by.

ExA. xvi. i{.
Fornica'tor. n.f. [formcateur, French ;
from fornix, Lat.] One that has com-
merce with unmarried women.

A fornicator or adulterer ftcals the Ibul, as well at
diflionours the body of his neighbour. Taylor.

Fornica'tress n, f. [fromforniiator.] A
woman who without marriage cohabits
with a man.

See you thc/or»,V.7/n/rbe remov'd j
Let her have needful but not flaviOi means. Siaiefp.

To FORSA'KE. ^. a. prcter.fofooi; part.

piff' forfooi, or forfaie/i. [wr/aaien, Dut.]
I. To leave in refentment, negled, or dif-

like. ' ;

'Twas now the time when firft Saul Coi for/bok,
God Sayl ; the room in's heart wild paflions took.

Co'ivlfy.
Oreftes comes in time
To fave your honour : Pyrrhus cools apace ;
Prevent his faKhood, mifor/ake him tirft :
1 know vou hate him. A, Philips tDifireft Mother.

Daughter of Jove, whofe arms in thunder wield
TIr avenging bolt, and Ihake the dreadful ftiield.
Forsook by thee, in vain I fought ihy aid. Pope.

2. To leave; to go away from; to depart
from.

Unwilling \forfook your friendly (late.
Commanded by the gods, and foic'd by fate. Ihyi.

3. Todefert; to fail.

Tniili, modelly, and Ihamc the vioiMforfook ;
Fraud, avarice, .ind force iheir places took. Diyd.

When cv'n the flying fails were feen no more,
tofuken ot all fight Ihe left the ihoie. Dryden.

Their purple majefty.
And all tlrofe outward (hows which we call grealnefj,
L.iiiguifti and dnwp, fecni empty it\iforfaken.
And draw thcwond'riiig gazcrscyes nomore. Rove.

Fcrsa'ker. w./ [from/»/ya^<r.] Deferter j
one that forfakes.
SK

FOR

Thou am deliver us into the hinds of tiwlcri
enemies, moft huciuXfotJltirrt of Gnd. Apocrypha,

Forsoo'th. ad'v, n:opj*o^i;, Saxon.

1. In truth; certainly ; very well. It is
ufed almoin always in ai\ ironical or con-
temptuous fenfe.

Wherefore doth Lyfinder
D.-iiy your love, fo rich wiUiiii his foul.
And tender me, ft^rfcctb, affc£\ion ! Sbaltfpeare,
A fit xsAVi f^rjooib to govern a realm, who had
fo goodly government in his own ertate. Hay-ward,
Unlearned perfons ufe fuch letters as julUy cx-
prcfs the power or found of their fpccch ; yet y^r-
fKli, we fay, write not true EngUlh, or tnie French.
Haider on Speech.
In the Eaft Indies a widow, who has any regard
to her character, throws herfelf into the flames of
her hulhand's funeral pile, to thtvi,forJixiih, that (he
is faithful to the memory of herdccealcd lord.

Addifon's Freeboldet,
She would cry out murder, and difturb the whole
neigbourhood ; and when John came running down
the ftairs to enquire what the matter was, nothing,
fo'/oQibt only her maid had Ituck a pin wrong in
her gown. Arbutb. Hijl. ofjobn Bull.

Some queOion the genuincncfs of his books, be-
caufe» forjootb^ they cannot difcover in them that
jtumtn oraiionis that Cicero fpeaks of. Baker.

2. It is fuppofed once to have been a word
of honour in addrefs to women. It is
probable that an inferior, being called,
fhewed his atteation by anfwering in the
word yt%,forfaQth, which in time loft its
true meaning ; and inllead of a mere ex-
clamatory interjeftion, was fuppofed a
compellation. It appears in Shalefpeare
to have been ufed liicewife to men.

Our old Englilh vioxi fcrfootb has been charged
for the French madam. Guardian,

To FORSWE'AR. i/. er. pret. for/wore :
putcfor/iuiirff. [pojif fsEfuan, Saxon.]

1. To renounce upon oath.

I firmly vow
Never to woo: her more ; but iajhr/ivear her.
As one unworthy all the former favours
That I have fondly fiatter'd her withal. Shakeff,

2. I'o deny upon oath.

And that felf chain about bis neck,
Which X'itjhrf'wore moft monftroully to have. Sbak.

Dbferve the wretch who hath his faith forfook,
How clear his voice, and liow aCTur'd his look 1
Like innocence, and as fcrcncly bold
As truth, how louJly htfotfueais thy gold !

Dryd. yUv.

3. With the reciprocal pronoun : as, tofor-
Jictar him/elf to be perjured ; to fwear

, falfcly.

To leave my Julia, (hall 1 hefcrftvorn '
To leave fair Sylvia, (hall 1 yajujiuurn ?
To wrong my friend, (hall I be xi.\ixz'ti forf-worn f
And ev'n that power which gave me tiHt my oath,
I'rovokes me to this threefold perjury. Shakefpcarr.

One fays, be never Ihould endure the fight
Of thatyor^orji, that wrongs both lands and laws.

Danitl.

\ too have fworn, ev'n at the altar fwom,
'£temal love and endlefs faith lo Thefeus ;
And yet I'm U\h, fir/worn: the hallow'd (hrine,
That heard me fwear, is witncfs to my falthood .

Umitb,

To FoRs'wEAR. -v. ». To fwear falfely ;
, to commit perjury.

Take heed ^ for he holds vengeance in his hand.
To hurl upon their heads that break his law.
— And that fame vengeance doth hurl on thee,
For falfeybr/tff a; iffg, and for muider too. Sbaie/p.
Forswe'arer. n. /. [liom for/iuear,'\ One

who is perjured.
FORT. ». /. ;firi, FrcQch.J A fortified
houfe ; a caftle.

They erefted ifort, which ihey called \\\tfiri di
for ; and bum theitcc they bolted like bcalls of ihe
toiclt. Baciit.

FOR

Now to ihe'ii/ori they are aVoul to fend
For the loud engines which their ide defend, ^fuller.

He that views nfort to take it.
Plants his artillery 'gai.ill the wcakeft part. Denbam,

My fiiry does, like jealousyor/j purlue
With death cv'n Itrangcrs who but come to view.

Dry den.

Fo'rted. adj. [from /o>/.] Furnifhed or
guari'ail by forts. Not ufed now.

Your dcfert fpeaks loud, and 1 (hould wrong
To lock it in the wards of covert bofom.
When it defcrses with charadlers of brafs
A /or;e</refidence, 'gainft the tooth of time
And rafure of oblivion. Sbak. Meafure for Mrafure .

FORTH, adv,. [pop^, "Saxon ; whence
further anA furtheft .^

1 . Forward ; onward in time.

From that iiyf^rth 1 lov'd that face divine ;
From that ii.^ forth 1 call in careful mind
To feek her out. Fairy Queen.

2. Forward in place or order.

Look at the fecond admonition, and iofoitb^
where they fpeak in moft uuchriftian manner.

^hilgfte.

Mad Pandanis ta^i forth, with vengeance vow'd
For Bitias' death. Drydcn's /En.

5. Abroad; out of doors.

Uncle, I muft come, forth. Sbakefp. Othello,

I have no mindof fealUng/oirA to-nighi. Sbakefp,
Attend you here the door of our Hera daughter i
Will ftie notfarlh f Sbakeffeare,

When Winter pall, and Summer fcarce begun.
Invites them_/irtO to labour in the fun. Dryden,

4. Out away ; beyond the boundary of any
place.

They will privily relieve their friends that are
forth; they will fend the enemy fecret adveitifc-
mcnis; and they will not alio Itiik to draw the
enemy privily upon them. Spenftr.

Ev'n that funftiinc brcw'd afliow'r for him,
That wafti'd his father's fortui»cs_/iir/i of France.

■ Sbakefp.

5. Outinto a public cliarafter;publick view.

You mdyfct forth the fame with farmhoufcs.

Pea c ham.

But when your troubled coiintrycall'd you f rib,
Your (laming courage, and your matchlefs worth,
l"o fierce contention gave a profp'rous end, lia//er,

6. Thoroughly; from beginning to end,
Out of ufe.

You, coufin.
Whom it concerns to hear this matter/or/£.
Do with your injuries as fcems you belf. Sbakefp,

7. To a certain degree. Obfolete.

Hence we learn, how far forth we may expedl
juftification and falvation from the fi,trerings of
Chrilt ; no further than we are wrought on by his
renewing grace. Hammond.

8. On to the end. Out of ufe.

1 repealed the Ave-Maria : the inquifitor bad me
Ciy forth ; 1 faid I was taught no more.

Memoir in Strype.

Forth, pre/i. Out of.

And here's a prophet, that I brought with me
Vramforlh the ftrcetsol Pomfret. Sbakefp,

Some forth their cabbins peep.
And trembling a(k what news, and do hear fo
As jealous hufbands, w^iat ihey would not know.

Donne.

Forthco'minc. adj. [forth znd coming.]
Ready to appear ; not abfconding ; not
loft.

Carry this mad knave to jail : 1 charge you fee
that he htfortbcoming. Sbak. Taming of a Sbre^u.
We'll lee yourtrinkeu hcnforibcoming all.

Stiakcfp, Henry VI

Forthi'ssuinc. adj. [forth and iffite.]
Coming out ; coming forward from a
covert.

Forthiffuhg thus, (he gave bim firft to wield
A weighty axe, with irueft temper fteel'd.
And double edg'd. Pope's Odyffey.

FoRTHHi'sHT. adv, [forth and ri^ht.}

FOR

Straight forward ; without flexions. Not
in ufe.

He ever going fo juft with the horfe, eithtr_/ir/i-
rigbt or turning, that it feemed as he borrowed the
horfe's body, fo he lent the horlc his mind. Sidniy,

The river not running_/ii/ir/g4r, butalmoft con-
tinually winding, as if the lower llreams woufd
return to their fpring, or that the river had a delight
to play with ilfclf. Sidney.

Arrived there, they palTed \n forthright ;
For Hill to all the gate llood open wide. /•Viirv^ifcfK.

Thiiher_/or/injArlie rode to roufe the prey. Dry.

FoRTHRi'cHT. fi.f. A ftrcight path.

Here's a maze trod, indeed,
ThroM^hforibrights and meanders. Sbak. Tcmpefi,

FoRTHwi'TH,<Jd''r. [forth and 'with,'\ Im-
mediately ; without delay ; at once ;
ftraight.

Forihiviti he runs, with feigned faithful hailc.
Unto Ills gucrt i who, after troublous fights
And dreams, 'gan now to take more found lepaft.

Spenfer.

Few things arc fo reftrained to any one end or
purpofe, that the fame being eitinS, triey (hould
_/ir»i6t«;/A utterly become fruftrate. Hoiier.

Neither did the martial men d.nlly or profecute
the fcrvice faintly, but did fortbivitb quench that
fire. Daviea on Ireland.

Forthwith began thefe fury-moving founds.
The notes of wrath, the mufick brought from hell.
The ratiling drums. Daniel's Civil IVai,

The winged heralds, by command
Of fov'reign pow'r throughout the hoftptzKlaim
A (bicmn council forthwith to be held
At Panda:raonium. Milivi's Paradife Ijjl,

In his polfage thither one put into his haiid a
note of the whole confpiracy, defiling him to read
itfortbivitb, and to remember the giver of it as long
as he lived. South.

Fo'rtieth. adj. [from fartj,} The fourth
tenth ; next after the thirty-ninth.

What dolhit .ivail
To be Ae fortieth man in an entail ? Donre.

Burnet fays, Scotland is not above a fortieth part
in value to the icft of Britain; and, with lefpeft
to the profit that England gains from thence, not
the f;rty ihoufandth p.irt. Siviff.

Fo'rti FiABLE. adj. [ftom fi/ftif^.'] What

roay be fortiil-J.
Fo R T I F I c a't I o N . »./. [fortifScation, French;

{xom f rtify.\

1. The fcicncc of military architeflure.

Fortif cation ]i an art (liewiug how to fortify a
a place with ramparts, parapets,, moats, and omer
bulwarks ; to the end that a fmall number of men
within may be able to defend tbemfel»es,for a con-
fiderable time, againlt the a{rautts of a numerous
army without ; fo that the enemy, in attacking
them, muft of necefilty fufi^er great lofs. It is either
regular or irregular; and, with rcfpc^ to time,
may be diftingufiied into durable and temporary.

Harris.

The Phosnicians, though an unwarlike nation, yet
underwood the art otfortifcaiion. Broome.

2. A place built tor itrength.

The liounds were uncoupled, and the flag thought
it better to iruft to the nimblenefs of his leer, than
to the llenderyir//;fM;;M of his lodging. Sidney.

Excellent devices were ufed to make even their
fports profitable; images, battles, ini fortijieationt
being then delivered to their^memory, which, after
ftiouger judgements, might difpeide fame advantage.

Sidney.,

3. Adilition of ftrength. Not much ufed.

To llrengchen the intcfted parts, give fome few
advices by way oi fortification zni 3nt:dote.

Government of tix Tongue;
Fo't I F I E R . ?/./. C from /i rtify. J

1. One who erects works for defence.

The fortlfiir of I'cndennis made his advantage of
the commodity oft'ered by the ground. Carevr.

2. One who fupports or fecures ; one who
upholds.

He wa> led forth by many armed mcn» who often

FOR

had'Seen the fartijiert of wickednefs, to the place o f
execution. Sidney.

To FO'RriFY. rv. a. [fortifitr, French.]
I. To ftrengthen agaiak attacks by walls or
works.

Great Dunfinane'h* ftrongly/£>i-;//f«. Shake/peart.
Wcfiriljied the city againltbefieging. Ecclts. 1. 4.
t. To confirm; to encourage.

It %xti\\'j fortifieJ her dcfirej, to fee that her mo-
ther had the like defires. Sidney,
^o fortify the former opinions Toftatus adds,
that thofe which dwell near the falls ot water are
deaf from their infancy ; but this I hold as feigned.

Raleigh.

3. To fix ; to eftablifh in refolution.

But in-born worth that fortune can coniroul,
Ncw-lb"ung and differ bent herfofter foul ;
The heroine alTumM the woman's place,
Confirm'd her mind, and fortify' d her face, Dryden.

A young man, before he leaves the (belter of his
father's houfe, Ihould be /ir/Z/iVi/ with refolution la
fecurc his virtues. L^cke.

To Fo'rtify. 11. ». To raifc ftrong places.

Thou us impower'd
To f unify thus far and overlay
With this portentous bridge the dark abyfs. Miltt^.

Fo'rtilage. h. /. [from /!//•/.] A little
fort ; a blockhoufe.

Yet was the fence thereof but weak and thin
Naught fcar'd their force ihitfcrtiiage to win.

Spetfftr.

In all ftratghts and narrow paflfages there ihoulJ be

fome little fortilage, or wooden caftle fet, which

would keep and command the itraight. Sfenfer.

FORTIN. n.f. [French.] A little fort raifed
to defend a camp, particularly in a fii^ge.

Hanmer.
Thou haft talk'd
■Of Palifadoes,^iri/«, parapets. Sbakeffrare .

Fo'«TlTUUE. n.f. yfortiluda, Latin. J

1. Courage ; bravery ; magnanimity; great-
nefs of mind; powerofadtingorfufTering
well.

The king-becoming gracu.
Devotion, patience, courage,ysr//Vw^^,
I have no relirti of thern • Sbakefpeare*i Macbeth.

The belter firliludt
Of patience, and hcroick martyrdom
Unfung. Milton's Paradife Loft.

Fortitude ii the guard and fupport uf the other
virtues^ and without courage, a man will fcarce keep
fteady to hii duly and hU up the chara^er of a truly
worthy n)An. Locke.

They thought it reafonablc to do all poflible honour
to the memories of martyn; pirily that others might
be encouraged to the fame patience and fortitude^
and partly that virtue, even in this world, might not
Jofc its reward. J^elfan.

2. Suength ; force. Not in ufe.

He » rongs his fame,
Defpairinft of his own arm's fortitude.
To join withwitohesand the help of Hell! Shakrff.
Fo'rtlet. n.f. [from/er/.] A little fort.
FoRTN-rcHT. ». /. [coiitrafted from/!>«r-
uennighii, peoppezyne nijhr, Saxon. It
was the ctiilom of the ancient northern
rations to count time by nights; thus we
fay, this dayfeven-r.ight. So Tacitus, Ntn
ditrum ttunurum, ut not.fed ttodium cr,mpu-
taitt.'\ The fpace of two weeks.

She would give her a lelTon for walking fo late,

tVit Ihould mikc her keep within doon for o-.Kfri-

"■:'■'■ . : . . , Sidney.

Hinging on a deep well, fomewhat above ilic

vt'.tter, for fome fori/iigbu fp.ice, is an excellent

means of making drmk Ircfh and quick. Har^jn.

About ifmgbtnigbt before 1 had hnittied if, his

majefty's declaration for liberty of coilfcicnce came

abroad. Dryden.

He often had it in his head but never, with much

appreheiifioo, 'till about ifurgbinighi before. S-wifi.

Fortress. «, /. [fortrejfe, French.] A

FOR

ftrong hold ; a fortified place ; a caftle of
defence.
Breaking forth like a fudden temped he over-ran

all, breaking down all the holds iniforlrejjes.

Spenfer on Ireland.

The trump of death founds in their hearing (hrill ;
Their weapon, faith ; thcitforlrefs was the grave.

Faiifax.

God is ourforrre/s, in whole conqu'ring name
Let usrefolVc to fcale their flinty bulwarks. Sh^krfp.

There is no fuch way to give defence to ablurd
do^rines, as to guard them round about with legions
of obfcure and undefined words; which yet makes
thefe retreats more like the dens of robbers, or holes
of tozes, than thcfhrinj/es of fair warriots. Locke.

FORTU'ITOUS.<7i^-. [foriuif, French ;/or-
luitus, Lat.] Accidental ; cafual ; hap-
pening by chance.

A wonder it muft be, tliat there {bould be any man
found fo ftupid as to perfuade himfelf that this molt
beautit'ul world could be produced by tht fortuitous
concourfe of atoms. Ray.

If cafual concourfe did the worldcpropofe,
And things and iAsfortuitous arofe.
Then any thing might come from any thing ;
For how from chance can conllant otder fpring.

BUcktrtore.

FoRTu'iTOUSLY. adv. [from forfuimus.]
Accidentally ; cafually ; by chance.

It is partly evaporated into air» and partly diluted
into water, and fortuittujly Ihared between alt the
elements. Rogers.

FoRTu'lTOUSNESS. »./. [ftOia/artuitout .]

Accident ; chance; hit.
Fo'rtunate. adj. [fartunalus, Latin.]
Lucky ; h.ippy ; fuccefsful ; not fubjeft
to mifcarriage. Ufed of perfons or ac-
tions.

1 am mo^fortunatt thus accidentally to encounter
you : you have ended my bufinefs, and 1 will merrily
accompany you home, Shakrfpeare's Curiolanus.

He figh'd ; and could not but their fate deplore.
So wretched now, fo fortunate before. V>ryd.

No, there is a neceflily in fate
Why dill the brave bold man \i fortunate i
He keeps his obje£l ever full in light,
And that aflurance holds htm firm and right :
True, 'tis a narrow path that le.ids to bills, ^

But right before there is no precipice ; /

Fear makes them look afide, and fo their footing \
mifs. Dryden. )

Fo'rtunatfly. ad-v. [from /oriunale.]
Happily ; fuccefsfully.

Bright Eliza rul'd Britannia's ftatei
And IwUly wife, iniiforiunately great. Prior.

Fo'rtunathness. »./. \JmrR fortunate.]
Happinefs; good lucic ; fuccels.

O me, faiJ (he, whofc %nMx^ foriunatenefs is

more unfortunate than my (liters greateft uniortu-

natene.'s. Sidney.

Fu'RTUNE. H.f. [ forluaa, lAtin i fortune,

French.]

1. The power fuppofed to diftributc the
lots of life according to her own humour.

Foitune, that arrant whore,
Ne'er turns the key to the poor. Sbakf. King Lear.

ThoM^'n fortune's malice overthrow my (late.
My mind enceeds the compafi of Iier wheel. Sbak.

2. The good or ill that befalls man.

Rejoice, faid he, to-djy v
In you iheyir/awol Great hrit.iin liesi
Among (o '.irave a people you arc they
• Whom l^v'n has chofc to tight for fuch a priw.

DriJen.

T he adequate meaning of chance, as dillinguilhcd

ircm fortune, in that the latter is underftood to

bcfal only rational agents, but chance to be among

inanimate bodies. Hentley.

3. The chance of life ; means of living.

His father dying, he was driven to London to feck
\\\'.fmlune. S-wift.

4. Succefs, good or bad ; event.

FOR

This terreftrial globe has been furiounJed hy the
fortune and boldnefs of many navigators, 7emplc.

No, he (hall eat, and die with me, or live ;
Our e^ual crimes, (hall equaiyir/Bwe give. Dryden,

5. Eftate; pofleffions.

If thou do'ft,
And this inltru£lsthee, thou do'ft make thy way
To TiQ\3\t for tunes. Sbakefpeare's King Lear,

That eyelefs head of thine was (irft fram'd fle(h
To raife tny fortunes. Sbakefpeare* i King Lear,

But tell me, Tityrus, what heav'nly power
Preferv'd ^a\srfrtunes in that fatal hour ? Dryden,

The fate which governs poets, thought it fit
He (hould not raife K^fortuncs Ijy his wit. Dryden.

He was younger fon to a gentleman of a good
birth, but itTizWfrlune. Swift.

6. The portion of a man or woman : ge-
nerally of a woman.

I am thought fome heirefs rich in lands,
Fled to efcape a cruel guardian's hands ;
Which may produce a rtory worth the telling.
Of the next fpaits that goa/or(»«ftealing.

Pro/, to Cipban.

The fortune hunters have already call their eyes

upon her, and take care to plant themfelves in her

view'. Spe£iator.

When mifs delights in herfpinnet,
- A fidler may ^ fortune get. Stvif.

7. Futurity ; future events.

You who men's fortunes in their faces read^
To find out mine, look not, alas, on me :
But mark her face, and all the features heed ;
For only there is writ my delf iny. Orwlry's Miftrefs.
To Fo'rtune. 'V. n. [from the noun.] 'I'o
befal ; to fall out; to happen ; to come
cafually to pafs.

\t fortuned, as fair it ihenbefel
Behind his back, unweeting, where hj ftood.

Of ancient time there was a fpnnging well,
From which faft trickled forth a filver flood.

Fairy S^ueen.

II fortuned, thefame night that a Chriftian, fervinj;
a Turk in the camp, fecretly gave the watchmen
warning. Knolleu

I'll tell you as we pafs along.
That you will wonder what hu\iforlun'd. Sbakefp,
Here yorrw«'</ Curl to llide. Pope's DunciaJ,

Fo'rtunkd. ad/. Supplied by fortune.

Not th' imperious Ihew
Of the full fortuned Ciefar ever (hall
Be brook'd with me. Sbakefp. Ant. and Cleopatra.
Fo'rtunbbook. n.f. [furta/je znd ioni.]
A book confulted to know fortune or fu-
ture events.

Thou know'ft a face, in whofe each look
Beauty lays ope iovc'sfortunebook ;
On wliofc fair revolutions wait
The obfequious motions of love's fate. Crafhatv.
Fort u N EH u'n T F R. n.f. \forlune and hunt.']
A man whofe employment is to enquire
after women with great portions, to enrich
himfelf by marrying them.

We mull, however, didinguilh bctweenyoi7w»*-

bunter: and fortuneltealcrs. Speiiator,

To FoRTU N ETELL. 'V, tt. [fortune inA iell.\

To pretend to the power of revealing

futurity.

We are fimple men; we do not know what'*
brought to pafs under the profisllion oifortunetelling:

Sb.jkefpeare,
I'll conjure you, I'll frtunetell you, Sbakefpeare.
The gyplies were to divide the money got by Heal-
ing \\ncii. Of by fortunetelling. fValton's Angler,
z. To reveal futurity.

Here, while his canting drone-pipe fcaa'd
The myftick figurtrs of her hand.
He tipples palmetlry, and dines
On all iMrfortunetelling lines. Cleavelattd,

Fo'rt uneTeli.er. n.f. [fortune nnAteiltr.'\
One who cheats common people, by pre-'
tending to the knowledge of fmiirity.

Theybroughtonc Finch, ahungrylean-fac'dvillain»

A thread-bare jug^'lcr, and Aj^rtunetelltj . Shakefp.

A Wclcluaau being at a fcllienii-baufe, and Iccmg

$ K. 2 the

/ F 6 R

tVt prifonerj hold up their harJs at {he bar, rcllted
to feme of his acquainunce that the judges were
fftoi /orlunfltl/irs ; for if they did but look upon
their hand, ihey could certainly tell whether they
Ihould live or di(. Bacmi's Apophtkrpni.

Hail thou given credit to vain prediction:) of men,
toimrta CT fcytunereflfrr, or gone about to know
any fecret thing by lot ? Duffa's ra/njor Dnctim.

There needs no more than impudence on one fide,
aiid a fupcrf^itious credulity oa the other, to the
fetting up of tfrrltuKliller. L'Kflrayigr,

Long ago zfortuneteUtr
Exadly faid what now befell her. Sviift.

FCRTY. fl^". [peopeprij, Saxon.] Four
times ten.

On fairground 1 could \xzif»ty of them. Shatef.

He that upon levity quits his ibtioB, in hopes to

be better, . 'tis/ory to one lofes. L'EJlraitii.

FO'RUM. n.f. [Latin.] Anypublick place.

• The forum was a publick place in Rome, whert

lawyers and orators made iheir fpfechcs before their
proper judge in matters of property, or in criminal
cal'cs, to accufe or cxcufe, to complain or defend.

IVatii OH ibi Mind,
Clofe to the bay great Neptune's fane adjoins.
And near i forum flank'd with marble (hines.
Where the bold youth, the num'rous fleets to (lore.
Shape the broad fail, orfmooth the taper oar. Pope.
Ti FoRWa'nder. '-J. a. [for znA-vwuiter.^
' To wander wililly and wearily.

The better part now of the ling'ring day
They travelled had, when as tbey far efpy'd
A weary vj\%htforv}and*ring by the way. Fairy ^.

FO'RWARD. adv. [poppeapb, Saxon.J
Towards ; to a part or place before; on-
ward; progreffively.

When terventforrow llakcd was.
She up arofe, refolving him to hnd
Alive or dead, tnifanvard forth doth pafs. Fairy S^.

From fmaller things the mind of the hearers may
{o forrvard to the knowledge of greater, and climb
up from the lowtft to the bighelt things. Hooktr,

He that is ufed to %a forward, and Hndelh a ftop,
falleth off bis own favour, and is not the ihing he
was. BacoH^i Effayt.

Fo'rward. adj. [frona the adverb.]

1. Warm; earneft; not backward.

They would that we (hould remember the poor,
Which I alfo vtii forward to do. Gal. ii. ic^.

2. Ardent ; eager; hot; violent.

■ You'll ftill be too fortvard. Sb. Tivo Ceitl. ofVer.

Unlkill'd to dart the pointed (pear.
Or kad thcforivard youth to noble war. Prior.

3. Ready ; confident ; prefumptuous.

" OldButes' form he took, Anclnles fquire,
Now left to rule Afcanius by his fire ;
And thus falutet the boy \oo foriuariiox his years.

Drydfn,

4.. Not teferved; not over inodeft»

'Tis a per'lous boy.
Bold, quick, ingenious, yor-U'ari^, capable.
He's all the mother's from ihe top to toe. Shakrff.

5. Premature; early ripe.

Short Summer lightly has a_/irwar<y Spring. Sbak.

6. Qoick ; ready > halty.

TBc mind makes not that benefit it Ihould of
ihe information it receives from civil or natural
hiltorians, in being too for-uiard or too flow in
making obfcivations on the particular faOs recorded
in them. Lf>cke.

Had they, whn would pcrfii.ide us that there aie
innate principles, conlideicd feparately the parta out
of whicn thefe piopofiliuos are made, they would
not perhaps have been io foi^U'ard to believe they
were innalc. LccJie,

7. Antecedent; anterior; opposed to pof-
terior.

Let us take the inl^ant by the forivard lop ;
For we arc old, and on our quick'lt decrees
Th' inaudible and noifelefs foot of time
Steals, ere we can effct\ ihcm. Sbakcfftare.

8. Not behindhand ; not inferiour.

My good Camillo,
6Ije is aty^rtvrfr^ of h-r breeding, as
She « i' th' tear o' our birth. Sbuke. IVlnUr'j Ta.'e.

?o s

To Fo'rward. v. a. [from the adverb.]

1. To haften ; to quicken ; to accelerate in
growth or improvemsnt.

As we houfe hot country plants, as lemons, to
fave them ; fo we may houfe our own country plants
to for-ward themi and make them come in the cold
feafons. Bacon'i Platural Hlflory.

Whenever I (hine,
I forwatd the grafs and I ripen the vine. Siuifl,

2. 'I o patronife; to advance.
Fo'rwarder. n. f. [from forwardJ] He

who promotes any thing,
Fo'rw a r d l y . adv. [from the adjeftlve.]
Eagerly ; haftily ; Quickly.

The fudden and furprifing turns we ourfelves have
felt, Ihould not fufl'er us tooforwardiy to admit pre-
funiption. Atlerbury.

Fo'rwardness. n.f. [fromyor'wajv/.]
J. Eagernefs; ardour; readinefs to aft.

Ablolutely we cannot difcommend, we cannot ab-
fohitely approve either wiUingncfs to live, 01 for -
•uiardmf to die. Hooker.

Is it fo ftrange a matter to find a good thing fur-
thered by ill men of a finifter intent and purpofe,
vhoit j ,r-u:ardnrfi is not therefore a bridle to fuch
as favour the fame caufe with a better and fincere
meaning. Hooker.

The great ones were in_/i)ru'«r</»^,the people in
fury, entertaining this airy phantafm with incredi-
ble affedion. Bacon.

1, Quicknefs; readinefs.

He had fuch a dextrous proclivity, as his teachers
were fain to rcftrain \\\%fiir'uiardnifs : that his bro-
thers who were under the fame training, might hold

pace

with him.

kf'otton.

3. Earlinefs ; early ripenefs.

4. Confidence ; affurance ; want of modefty.

In France it is ufual to bring their children into
company, and tocberilh in them from their infancy,
a kind oifor^ardnefs and aflurance. Addifon.

Fo'rwa RDS. adn). Straight before ; progref-
fively ; not backwards.

The Rhodian Ihip paffed through the whole Ro-
man fleet, backwards and for*wardt feveral times,
carrying intelligence to Drepanum. Arbuthnot.

FOSSE, n.f. [/2^, Latin ;/w, Welch.]
A ditch ; a moat.

Fo'ssET. See Faucet.

Fo'sseway. n.f. \frffe s.iii.'way.'l One
of the great Roman inroads through Eng-
land, fo called from the ditches on each
fide.

FO'SSIL. adj. [fofftlis, Latin ; fifJUe, Fr.]
That which is dug out of the earth.

Thcfojjii fliells are many of them of the fame
kinds with thofc that now appear upon the neigh-
bouring (horcs ; and the reft fuch as may be prefumed
to be at the bottom of the adjacent Teas. IP'oodivard.

Fofjil or rock fait, and fal gemm, differ not in
nature from e.'^li other; nor from the common fait
of fait fprings, ' ' that of the fea, when pure.

IP'oodxvard*! Natural Hiflory.

h is of a middle nature, between ffJU. and ani-
mal, being produced from animal excrements, inter-
mixed with vegetable faks. Arbulbnot on Alimentt.
Fo'ssiL. n.f.

In this globe are many other bodies, which, be-
caufc we difcovcr them by digging into the bowels of
the earth, are called by one common namc_/o^/j ; un-
der which are comprehended metala and minerals.

Lcke.

HiTr^fcffiU are very oddly and elegantly (haped.

Be HI ley.

By the vioxi fqjfil, ufed as a denomination of one
of three general divifions ot natural produiltipns, we
underiUnd bodies farmed ufually within the earth,
fometimcs on its furface, and fometinics in waters;
of a plain and fimple rtrucfurc, in which thcie n no
vifibiedilferciiceofparis, no JiltinAioii of velfds and
their contents, but every portion of which is flmilar
to and pcilcft as the wliole. Hill's Mai. Mrd.

Thole bodies wluch will melt in tlie tire are called
minerals, the n&foJJUi, Pemberttn,

F O S

To FO'STER. -v. a. [pofrpjan, Saxoti.}

1. To nurfe; to feed; to fupport ; to traiit
up.

Some fay that nitn^fojler forlorn children. Sbak,
Our kingdom's earth Ihould not be foil'd
With that dear blood which it huth fojlered . Sbakef.

That bafc wretch.
Bred but on alms, vaiffier'd with cold diihes.
With fcrapso' th' court. Sbakefpeare's Cymbtline .
Fojlering has always been a Itronger alhance tham
blood. DavUi-

No more let Ireland brag her harmtefs nation
Fofiers no venom fince that ScoU plantation.

Cleavelani.'
The fon of Mulciber,
Found in the fire, ini fcfler'd in the plains,
A Ihepherd and a king at once he reigns. Drydett,

2. To pamper ; to encourage.

A prince of great courage and beauty, but fofitrei
up in blood by his naughty father. iiidney.

3. to chetifh ; to forward.

\tfoftering breezes blow ;
Ye foftening dews, ye tender fhowers defcend.

Thamfort.

Fo'sTERACE. n.f. [from/o/yfr.] The charge

of nurfing ; alterage.
Some one adjoining to this lake had the charge

inifojlerage of this child. Raleigh's Hifiory.

Fo'sTE R BROTH E R. «. /. [poftejl ppotWfl,

Saxon.] One bred at the fame pap ; one
fed by the fame nurfe.
Fo'sTERCHiLD. n.f. [poj-Tep cilb, SaxoH.J
A child nurfed by a woman not the mo» •
ther, or bred by a man not the father.

liitfojler ebiidrexio love and are beloved of theit
fofterfathers. Davits on Ireland,

The goddefs thus beguil'd.

With pleafant flories, her li.\(efcflercbild. Addifon,

Fosterd'am. n. f. [fofler and dam.'] A

nurfe ; one that performs the office of a

mother by giving food to a young child»

Thereby the wolf, were laid the martial twins :
Intrepid on her fwellingdugs they hung;
Theyi/?fr;i3»jloU'd out her fawnipg tongue. Dryden.
FoSTERe'aRTH. n.f. [fofier and earlh.'\
Earth bj^ which the plant is nourilhed,
though it did not grow at firft in it.

In vain the nurfling grove
Seems fair a while, cherilh'd vi'uhfojlerearth ;
But when the alien compoft is exhault.
Its native poverty again prevails ! Philips,

Fo'sterer. n.f. [from _/i/?^r.] A nurfe j
one who gives food in the place of a pa-
rent.

In Ireland they put their children to foflerersi
the rich men fellmg, the meaner fort buying the
alterage of their children : in the opinion of the
Irilh, foftering has always been a ftronger alliance
than blood. Da-vies on Ireland.

Fo'sTERFATHER. ». f. [poj-tefipaben,
Saxon.] One who gives food in the place
of the father.

in Ireland fofterchildren d<> love and ate beloved
by thiix fojlerfatbers, and their fept, more than of
their own natural parents and kindred. Darvies.

The Duke of Bretagne having been an hort and
a kind of parent ox foflerfatber to the king, in his
tendernefs of age and weaknefs of fortune^ did loolc
for aid this time from King Henry. Bacvn.

Tyrrheus, tYiefoJleifaiber of the beaft.
Then clench'd a harcliet in his horny tilt, Dryd.

Foster mo'ther. n.f. [ffier and mother.^

A nurfe.
Fosternu'rse. n.f. [fcfier and nur/i,'\
This is an improper compound, becaufc
fojier and nurfe mean the fame.] A nurfe.
Oit ftflernurfe of nature is repofe,
^ The which he lacks. Shateffeart's Xing Leai .

Fo'sterson. n.f. [fofier and /o/r.] One
fed and educated, though not the fon by
nature. .

Matu,

■ F O U

Mifure in years, to ready hsnoun msf*;
Oofceleftiall'eeJ! Ofofierfoi oi Io'k\ Dryd.V'irg.

fOUGA'DE. n.f. (French. J In the art of
war, a fort of little mine in the manner
of a well, fcarce more than ten feet wide
and twelve deep, dug under fome work
or fortification, and charged with barrels
or facks of gunpowder to blow it up, and
covered over with earth. Dia

FoucHT. The preterite and participle of
Jight.

Though unknown to me, tbeyfure_/ii»fA/ well,
Whom Rupert led, and »lio were Briiilh born. Dryd.
Fo'uGHTEN. [The paffive participle of
fight. Rarely ufed.] Conteftedi difputed
hj arms.

On Ihe fougblen field
Michael and hii Jiigcu, prevalent
Encamping, pUc'd in guard their watchn room!
Cherubick waring tires. Miliom'i Peradi/e LaJI.

FOUL. adj. {fmls, Gothitk ; pi, Saxon.J

1. Not clean; filthy; dirty; miry. Through
mod of its (ignibcations it is oppofed to

fair.

My face isyia/ with weeping. ^i, xvi. i6.

li'a monllrous labour when I wafh my brain,
Anditgrowsyia/rr. Shakejf. Antony and Clto}atr a.

He that can travel in deep and foul ways, ought
not to fay that he cannot walk in fair. Tilloi/om.

The ftream isyojr/wiih Itains
Of rulhing torrents and del'crnding raini. Addifon.

2. Impure; polluted; full of Alth.

Withyi*/ mouth.
And in the witnela of his proper ear.
To call him tillaip. ^baktjf. Mejf.fxr MtaJ.

Kill ihy phyfician, and the fee bellow
Upon the/o:</dife*fe. Shaktff. King I.tar.

Intemperance and IcnGjality debalc men^A mindi,
clog their fpirits, and make them f,Kii,Jikl, lilticfs
and unaAive. Tiliotjoit.

3. Wicked; deteftable; abominable.

Jffus rebuked ilic_/ii(/ fpirit. Mark, it. zj.

He halesyc*/ lealingt and vile flattery.
Two filthy bloii in noble gcntcry. Hubttrd'i Tale.

This it the groffell and moft irrational fuppofition,
at well u {iK/jkltfl atheifm, that can be imagined.

HaJt.

Satire has always fliane among the reft.
And if the boldeft way if not the belt.
To tell men truly of mt'irfoulrjl faults.
To laugh at their vain deeds, and vainer thought!.

Dry den,

4. Not lawful; not according to the efta-
blifhed rules.

hyfouJ play were we heav'd thence.
But blefledly help'd hither. Sbake/p. Ttmfrfi.

5. Hateful; ugly; loathfome.

Tb' other half did woman's ftiape retain,
Moft loathfome, 6Ithy,/c«/, and full of vile dlldain.

Faliy Sluien.

Haft thou forgot

Tiiefiul witch Sycjra», who with age and envy

Was grown into a hoop .> Sbakrjp. T. mfK-Jl.

Foul fights do rather difpleafc, in that they eiciie

the memory of yla/ things than in the imnediale

objeflj ; and thereSore, in pi^ures, ximftfail fights

do not much ofTend. taan.

All things that feem hf,ul and difagrceabic in

nuutt, are not really fo in themfelvcs, but only

relatively, ia„,

6. Difgraceful; (hamefni. '

Too well I fee a.nd rue ih: dire event.
That with fad overthrow xaijout defeat
Halh loft us heav'n. Miltun'i Paradifr Lxjl .

Who firft fedut'd them to that_/i«/ revolt J Mitt.
Rcafon half eitinil.
Or impoKnr, 01 elf* appjoying, fees
•tU/oiil diforder. Thtmfon'i Sfring.

7. Coarfe; grofs.

You wi.'l have na notion of delkaeics if y»u Ubie
with them : ihey ire all for rank and yix/ feeding,
and fp»il the beft proviGoni in cooking, ftltm.

F O U

8. Full of grofs humours, or bad matter;
wanting purgation or mundification.

You perceive the body of our kingdom.
How ftul it is ; what rank difeafes grow,
And with what danger near the heart of it. Shake/.

9. Not bright; not ferene.
Who's there befidesyW weather?

One minded like the weather, moll inquietly. Sbak.

Be fair mfoul, or rain or ftiine.
The joys 1 have profefs'd, in fpite of fate are mine.

Drydin.

10. With rough force; with unfcafonable
violence.

So in this throng bright SacharilTa far'd,
Opprefs'd by thofe who ftrove to be her guard :
As (hips, though never fo obfequious, fall
F<mt in a tempeft on their admiral. Waller,

In his fillies their men might fall/ew/ of each
o'""- Clarendon.

The gre« art of the devil, and the principal de-
ceit of the heart, is to keep fair with God himfcif,
while men fall _/ia(/ upon his laws. South,

11. [Among feamen.] Entangled: as, a
roye is f.ul of the anchor.

To l-ouL. -v. a. [pulan, Saxon.] To daub;
tobemirc; to make filthy ; to dirty.

Sweep your walks from autumnal leaves, leil the
worms draw them into their holes, and >„/ your
«»"''"■ E'velyn.

While Tiaulus all his ordure fcatleri.

To foul the man he chiefly flatters. Sviift.

Shc/sK/j a fmock more in one hour than the

kilchen-maid doth in a week. H-iufi's Direa, toSrrv

to uLF AC ED. aiff [foul indfacfj.] Having

an ugly or hateful vifage.

It black fcandal, atfapfac'd reproach.
Attend the fequel of your impofitioo.
Your mere enforcement (hall acquittance me
From all the impure blots and llajns thereof. Shake/.
Fo'uLLY. adj. [from/o*/.j
I. filthily; nallily ; odioully; hatefully;
fcandaloufly; difgraccfuUy ; Ihamefully.

We in the world's wide mouth
Live (candaliz'd, zni fully fpokeii of. Shakfp,
The letter to the protector was. gilded over with
many fmoolh words; but ihe other two did fully
aiid/W/y fel foiih his obllinacy, avarice, and ain-
'"''°",- Hay-ward.

O brother, brother ! Filbert ftilUs true;
\ foully wrong'd him : do, forgive me, do. Cay.

2. Not lawfully; not fairly.

Thou pjay'dft moH foully for't. Sl,ak,/f:a,e.

Foul MOUTH ED aiij. [foul and mouthA
Scurrilous; habituated to the ufe of op-
probrious terms and epithets.
My Lord, he fpeaks moll vilely of you, like a
/oulmouib'd man as he is, and faid he would cudgel
yu- Sbake/f, Henry IV.

It was allowed by every body, ihiXiofulmoutbed
a witnefs never appeared in any caule. A.1di/.n

My repuiaiion i« too well cftabli(hed in the
world to receive any hurt from fuch a foulmouihed
fcoundre! as he. Ariutbnei,

Now finging (hrill, and fcoldingoft between.
Scolds intwtrfoulnoutb'd (cMsi bad neighbourhood
I ween. p^j,^

fo'uLNESs. fi.f. {from feu/.]
I . The quality of being foul ; filthinefs ;
naAinefs.

The ancients were wont to make garments that

and whereas
walked out.

F O U

Conful, yoa are too mili:
Thtfu/nr/, of fome fafts takes thence all mercy,

I • . '""' yo"/'".

It IS the wickcdnefs of a whole life, difchargingall
Its filth and foulne/t into this one quality, as into
a great (ink or common fewer. South.

4. Uglinefs; deformity.

He by an affeaioii (prung up from ezcelTive
beauty, (hould not delight in ^imxMe/ouhc/i.Sldney.

He's fallen in love with yoMr foulne/s, and Ihc'il
fall m love with my anger. Sbakc/p. Asyau like it.

The fury laid afide
Her looks and limbs and with new methods tried
y^iifaulne/i of th' infernal form to hide. Drydn.

5. Difhonefty; want of candour.

Piety is oppofed 10 hypocrify and infincerity anj
all talfenefsor/Wn/^of intentions; efpecially to
that perfouatcd devotion, under which any kind of
impiety is wont to be difguifed. Hampiord.

Found. The preterite and participle paffive
oifiuti.
I am fought of them that aflted not for me: I am
I/jiah, Uv. I.

were not dcftroyed but purified by fire j
the fpots otfuUe/t of other deaths are
in ihefe they were ufually burnt away, kfilkin

2. Polltition ; impurity.
It is no vicious blot, murder, oifoulnefi.

No unchafte aiaion, or dilhonour'd (lep,

That hath depriv'd me of your grace and favour.

Shake/peart,

Theie is not fo chafte a nation as this, nor fo free

from all pollution at fiuhe/i; it is the virgin of the

world, ^a„„.

3. Haiefulnels ; atrocioufocfs.

y«(Wof them that fought me not. ,

Authors now find, as once Achilles_^aBj','

The whole is mortal if a part's unfouiid. Yount.

To FOUND, ni. a. [funJare, Latin ■,foniier,

French.]
I . To lay the bafis of any building.

It fell not; for it vm founded ufaa a rock. MatlB.

He hMh funded it upon Use lias, and ellablilhcd
it upon the floods. p/, xxiv, »,

z. To build ; to raifc.

Thelc tunes of reafon are Amphion's lyre.
Wherewith he did the Theban city found. Da-uiet.

They Gabian walls, and ftrong Fidenae rear,
Nomentum.Bola with Pometia/o«W
And raife Colatian tow'rs on rocky ground. Dryden,

3. Toeftablifh; to erefl.

This alio (hall they gain by their delay
Inthe wide wildernefs; th«re they (haliyinwri
Their government, and their great fenate chufe.
Through the twelve tribes, to rule by laws ordain 'd,

Milton,

Hi founding a library, gathered together the afls
of the kings and prophets. 1 Mac. ii. 13.

4. To give birth or original to: as, he
foutiJeti an art ; \\cfouniied a family.

5. To raife upon, as on a principle or
ground.

Though fome have made ufe of the opinion of
fome fchoolmen, that dominion \% founded in grace ;
were it admitted as the moft certain truth, it could
never warrant any fuch fanguinary method.

Decay of Piety,

A right to the ufe of the crealuics it funded

originally in the right a man has to fubfift. Lockt,

Power, founded on contrail, can defcend only to

him who has a right bj that contraa. Locke.

The reputation of tlie Iliad they /wni/ upon th«

^ ignorance of his timej. Pofi's Preface to the Iliad,

J. To fix firm.

Fleance is efcap'd.
—Then comes my fit again : I hadelfe been perfeft.
Whole as the mit\>W,funded as the to--M.. Shakefp.
To Found, -v. a. [fundere, l,atin ; fottdre,
French.] To form by melting and pour>
ing into moulds ; to caft.
A fecond multitude
With wondrous irr funded the malTy ore.
Severing each kind, fcum'd the bullion drofs, Milioir,

FouNDA'riotr. n.f. [/«»</«/«», French?]
I. The bafis or lower parts of an edifice.
The ftatclinefs of houfcs, the goodlinefs ot trees
when we behold them, delighteth the eye ; but that
foundation which beareih up the one, that root
which miniftreth unto the other nourilhment, is in
the bofom of the earth concealed. Hooker,

That is the way to make the city flat.
To bring the roof to i\ie fundaiion.
To bufy >»• Shake/p. Coriolanus^

O Jove, I think.
Foundation! fly the wretched; fuch, I mean.
Where they (hould be reliev'd. Shake/f. CoriolanuK
I draw a line along (hare ;

lis;

F O U

1 lay the Att^fiumjaliont of a wall,
Aca Eiux, nam'd from me, ihc city call, Dryjm.
z. The aft of fixing the bafis.

Ne'er lo thefc chambers where the mighty reft,
Since their fnunJaiiox, came a nobler guelt. TicktI.

3. The principles or ground on which any
notion is raifcd.

If we give way to our ptiGoni, we do but gratify
ourfelves for the prefcnt, in order to our future dif-
auiet ; but if we refill and conquer them, wc lay the
frmndaihn of perpetual peace in our minds. TUIotfort,
That die (hould be fubjefl to her hu(bai d, (h:
laws of mankind, and cufloms of nations have or-
dered it lo ; and there is a fcundalion iu nature for
11. Locke.

4. Original; rife.

Throughout the world, even from the fix^ foun-
dation thereof, all men have either been taken as
lords or lawful king* in their own houfes. Hooker.

5. A revenue fettled and eftablifhed for any
purpofe, particularly charity.

He had an opportunity of going to fcboot on a
Jcuitdation, Svfiftt

6. F.ftablilhment; fettlement.
Fo'uKDER. n.f. [iiom found.']

I. A builder; one who raifes an edifice;
one who prefides at the eredlion of a city.

Of famous cities we t\\t founders know ;
But rivers,'o!d as feas to which they go.
Are nature's bounty: 'tis of more renown
To make a river than to build a town. Waller.

Nor was VttEmAe^^ founder wanting there.
Whom fame reports the fon of Mulciber. Dryden.

3. One who eftablilhes a revenue for any
purpofe.

The wanting orphans faw with wal'ry eyes

T\a:\i founder's charity in the duft laid low. Dryden.

This hath been cxperimeutally proved by the ho-

zmaxfkXt founder of this lecture in his treatife of the

air. Beniley.

3. One from whom any thing has its original
or beginning.

And the rude notions of pedantic fchools
. Slafpheme the itcrti founder of our rules.

Rofcommon.

When Jove, who faw from high, with jull difdain,
The dead infpir'd with vital breath again,
Struck to the centre with his flaming dart
Th* unhappyyiwffi/rr of the godlike art. Dryden.

King James I. the founder of the Stuart race,
had he not con6ned all his views to the peace of his
own reign, his fon had not been involved in fuch
fatal troubles. Adjifon'i Fritbolder.

Kor can the (kilful herald trace
The foMidei of thy ancient race. Stvift.

.4. \^Fondeur, French.] A carter; one who
forms figures by calling melted matter into
moulds.

Sounder! add a little antimony to their bell-
metal, to make it more fonorous ; and fo pewterers
to their pewter, to make it found more clear like
.^'«r. Crcu.'r Mufaum.

f» Ft/uNDER. T. fl. [fonJrt, French.] To
caufc fuch a forenefs and tendcmcfs in
.a horfc'b foot, that he is unable to let it
to the ground,

Phoebus' deed! infounjer'd.
Or night kept cliain'd btlow. Shakefp. TempeJI.

I hxiif under' d nine fcore and odd polls; and
here travel-tainted as I am, have, in my pure and
immaculate valour, taken Sir John Colcvillc of the
Dale, a mod furious knight : but what of that f
he fiw me and yielded. Sbakefp. Henry IV.

Thy Itumb ing/!i»«,/fr',/jade tail trot aa high
As •ny other Pegafut can fly;
So the dull eel moves nimbler in the mud.
Than all liie fwift-ficin'd racers of the flood. Dor/et.

Brutes tind out where their talents lie:
A bear will not attempt to fly;
Jifounder'd horfe will oft debate,
.Before lie tries a five-bart'd gate. Szvifi.

If you find a gentleman fond of )-our horfe, per.
fuadc your mafter to fell him, bccaulii he it vicious,
»itifoundned into the bargaia. Hv/ifi.

F O U

Men of difcr«tion, whom people in power may
with little ceremony load as heavy as they picafe,
drive them through the hardell and deepeft roads,
without danger of^^uiti^mnj^ or breaking their backs,
and will be aire to find them neither refty nor vicious.

Stvift.

reFo'uNDER. <v. n. [itom fond, French,
the bottom.]

1. To fink to the bottom.

New fliips, built at thofe rates, have been ready

to founder in tlic feas with every extraordinary dotm.

Raleigh's Kffays.

2. To fail; to mifcarry.

In this point
All his tricks y"oa«</fr; and he brings his phyfick
^ After his patient's death. Shakefp. Henry Vlll.
Fo'uNDERY. n.f. [fonderi, Fr. itomfound.l
A place where figures are formed of melt-
ed metal; a caftmg-houfe.
Fo'uNDLlNC. n.f. [from/oundoffnd.] A
child expofed to chance; a child found
without any parent or owner.

We, like baftards, are laid abroad, even asfound-
lingt, to be trained up by grief and forrow. Sidney.

1 pafs xht foundling by, a race unknown.
At doors expos'd, whom matrons make their own,
And into noble families advance
A namelefs iflue ; the blind work of chance. Dryd.

A piece of charity pradifed by moll of the nations
about us, is a proviflon ior foundlings, or for ihofc
children who are expofed to the barbarity of cruel
and unnatural parents. Addifon.

The goddefs long had mark'd the child's diftrefs.
And long had fought his fufF'rings to redrcfs;
She prays the gods to take the foundling's part.
To teach his hands fome beneficial art. Gay.

Fo'uNDRESs. n.f. [from founder.]

1. A woman that founds, builds, eftablilhes,
or begins any thing.

2. A woman that elbblifties any charitable
revenue.

For of their order die was patronefs,
Albe Clarifla was thcirchief 'ft/oH/ti/r.yr. Faiiy S^.

For zeal like her's, her fervants were to fliow ; ~
She was the fii<l, where need requir'd to go ;
Herfelf thefou/tdrefs, and attendant too. Dryden.

FOUNT. In. f [fom, Latin; fn.

FO'UNTAIN. J ia/ne. French.]

1 . A well ; a fpring.

He fet before him fpread
A table of celedial food divine,
Ambrofial fruits, fetch'd from the tree of life;
And from the/o««/ of life ambrofial drink. Milt.

2. A fmall bafon of fp ringing water. ,

Proofs as clear as fjunts in July, when
We fee each grain of gravel. Shakefp. Henry Vlll.

Can a man drink better from ihtfuntain finely
paved with marble, than when it fwcUs over the
green turf? Taylor.

Narciflus on the gralTy verdure lies; 1

But whilft within the cry&il fount he tries f

To quench his heat, he feels new heat aiife. Addif. J

3. A jet; a fpout of water.

Fowrialnt I intend to be of two natures : the one
that fpnnkleth or fpouteth water; the other a fair
receipt of water, without filh, or (lime, or mud.

4. The head or firft fpring of a river.

All anions of your grace are of a piece, as waters
keep the tciior ol i\\e\r fountains : your compaflion
is general, and has the fame eflia as well on ene-
mies as friends. Dryden.

5. Original ; firft principle ; firft caufe.

Almighty Cod, \.\\i fountain of all goodnefs.

Common Prayer.
You may reduce many ihoufand bodies to thefc
few general figures, as unto their principal heads and
fountains. Peacham

This one city may well be reckoned not only
.the feat of trade and commerce, not only the foun-
tain ot habits and falhions, and good breeding, but
of morally good or bad owuncts to all England.

Sjiratl'iStrmont.

!en.^

F O U

Fo'uNTAINLBSl. adj. [from foUMtaiH.]
Having no fountain; wanting a fprinj;.

So large
The profpe£t was, that here and there waa room
For barren itittt fountainleft and dry. Aliltor,

Fo'uNTFULL. adj. [fount inA full.] Full
of fprings.
But when the foumful Ida's top they fcal'd with
utmod hade,
All fell upon ihe high-hair'd oaks. Cbapmetn.

ToFouPE. "K. a. To drive with, fuddea
impetuofity. A word out of ufe.

We pronounce, by the confeflSon offtrangers. ai
fmoothly and moderately as any of the northern
nations, who foupe their words out of the throat
with fat and full fpirits. Camden,

FOUR. adj. [peopep. Saxon.] Twice two.

Judas I wilh'd, the lots were call on yi>«r;
Myfclf the fifth. P::pe's Odyffey.

FOURBE. n. /. [French.] A cheat; a
tricking fellow. Not in ufe.

Jove's envoy, through die air.
Brings difmal tidings; as if luch low care
Could reach their thoughts, or their repofe difturb }
Thou art a falfe impollor, and tfourhe. Denbam.

Fourfo'ld. adj. [four anA fold.] Four
times told.

He diall redore the lunhfourfold, becaufe he had
no pity. 1 Sam. xii. 6.

FouRFo'oTED. adj. [fourzndfoot.] Qua-
druped; having twice two feet.

.^ugur Allylos, whofe art in vain ">

From fight dilVuaded ihcfaurfoied train, S.

Now beat the hoof with Nelfus on the plain. DryJ,\
Foursco're. adj. [four andfore.]

1. Four times twenty ; eighty.

VVhen they were out of reach they turned and
eroded the ocean to Spain, having \oftfurfcore of
their diips, and the greater part of their men.

Bacon's IVar^vitb Spain.

The Chiots were firft a free people, being a
commonwealth, maintaining a navy of four/cote
(hips. Sandyt.

The Litui^y had, by the practice of near four-
feore years, obtained great veneration from all fobet
Protedants. Clarendon.

2. It is ufed elliptically for fourfcore yean
in numbering the age of man.

At feveiiteen years many their fortunes feek.
But :iK fourfcore it is too late a week. Shakefp.

Some few might be of ufe in council upon great
occafions, 'till after tlueefcore and ten ; and the two
late minifters in Spain were fo 'till/oirr/'rare.

Temple.

Foursquare. r7(^'. [yiar and fquare ] Qua-
drangular ; having four fides and angles
equal.

The temple of Bel was environed with a wall
CiTt\tifourfjuare, of great height and beauty ; and
on each fijuare certain brazen gates curioiifly en-
graven. Raleigh's HiJItry,

Fourth EN. <7///. [peopeptyn, Saxun.] Four
and ten ; twice fcven.
I am noi fourteen pence on the fcore for (heer ale.

Shakefpeare.
Fourte'enth. a(^'. [iraxa fourteen.] The
ordinal of fourteen; the fourth after the
tenth.

1 have not found any that fee the ninth day,
few before the twelfth, and the eyes of fome not
open hef.)rc ilicyiwi ; enib d ly. Brown's yulgar £> r.
Fourth, ad/. Jfror.i /»«»■.] The ordinal
of four ; the firft after the third.
A third is like the former: filthy hags!
Why do you (hew me this? A fourth? dart eye!
What ! will the line dretch out to th' crack of doom ?

Shakefpeare.

Vo'vKTHi.y. ad-v. [hom fouriL] In the
fourth place.

Fourthly, plants have their feed and feminal parts

uppcrmoft, and living creatures have them lowcrmoft.

Bacon's Natural Hijlory.

Fou»-

FOX

FouRWHEELED. adj. [four and wheel.]
Running upon twice two wheels.

Scarce tweniv/iaru/i«/V -ars, comparand ftrong,
The matry load could bear, and roll along. Pope,

Fo'uTRA. ». /. [from /cr./rf, French.] A
fig; a feoff: a word of contempt. Not
ufed.

Sfiutra for the world, and worldlings bafe. Shak.
FOWL. »./. [pujel, puhl, Saxon ; -vogel,
Dutch.] A winged animal; a bird. It
is colloquially ufed of edible birds, but
in books of all the feathered tribes. FotjJ
is ufed colleftively: as, we dined upon

The bealh, ihe filhet, and the ■v,\nf;cif<rwls.
Are their males fubj,r£ls, and ai theircortrouls. Shak.
Lucullus entertained I'orapey iu a magriiBccnt
houfe : Pompey faid, this is a marvellous houfe for
the Summer; but methinks very cold for Winter.
Lucullus anfwercd, do you not think me as wife as
i\nn fowh, to change my habitation in the Winter
fcafon ? Baccn'i Apofhihrgmj.

This mighty breath
InftruSs theyiWi of heaven. thomfon's Spring.
Te Fowl. -v. n. [from the noun.] To

kill birds for food or game.
Fo'wLER. »./. [from/cW.] A fportfman
who purfnes birds.

Thifc-uiier, warn'd
By thofe good omens, with fwift early fteps
Treads (he crimp earth, ranging through fields and

glades,

OfFcnfivc to the birds. Philift.

Withflaught'ringguns th'unweary'd fowlerrovcs.

When frofla have whiten'd ail the naked groves. Pope.

Fo'w LI N G p I r c E. »./. \^f<rMl and /;>«.] A

gun for birds.

'T;s neceffary that the counliyman be provided

with a ffxi/y'jjlingpiice. Martimtr.

Fox. »./. [jrox, saxon ; <vot, ■vo/ch, Dutch.]

1. A wild animal of the canine kind, with
ftiarp ears, and a bufhy tail, remarkable
for his cunning, living in holes, and
preying upon fowls or fmall animals.

The/sx barks not when he would Ileal the lamb.

Shaktfpcare.

He that Irufts to you.

Where he fhou'd find you lion*, finds you hares;

Wherey<)jr«, grefe. Sbake/p. Macirlh.

Thefe retreats are more like the d:ns of robbers,

or holes of/oxci, than the fortrelTcs of fair warrours.

Lxif.

2. By way of reproach, applied to a knave
or cunning fellow.

Fo'xcASE. It. /. [/ex and ea/e.] A fox's
Ikin.

One had belter be laughed at for taking Afoxcafe

for a fox, than be deftroyed by taking a live foj for

a cafe. , VEJIrargt.

Fo'xcHASF. ti. f. {fox and chaje.'l The

purfuit of the fox with hounds.

See the fame man, in vigour, in the gout;
A!one, in company ; in place or out ;
Early at bulinefs, and at hazard late;
Mad at afoxcbafc, wife at a debate. Popf.

Ft)'xEyii.. n. /. [/ox- and rvil.] A kind

of difeafe in which the hair (beds.
Fo'XriSH. ». /. [I'lilfecula fi/cit.] A firtl.
Fo'xoLovES. n.f. [digitalii,] A plant.

M.ller.

FoXHUNTER. »./. [fax zni. himler.] A

man whofe chief ambition is to (hew his

bravery in hunting foxes. A term of

reproach ufed of country gentlemen.

Thefoxbunier, v«ent their way, and then out
Heals the fo«. L'E/lmKa

John Wildfire, fixbunter, broke hit necic ovef a
*''-''"«="«• Sf.eial„r.

toxiHif.u.f [ffom/^;r.] The dttraftcr or

F R A

qualities of a fox; cunning; mifchievous

art.

Had'ft thoa/oxjhip.
To banilh hira that ftruck more blows for Rome,
Than thou haftfpnkeii words. Sbaltefp. Coriolanu:.

Fe'xTAiL. n./,[aJo/)ecurus.] A plant.

Fo'xTRAP, «./.Y/o.vand/r«/.] A gin or
fnare to catch foxes.

Anfwer a queftion, at what hour of the night to
fet ifoxiraf f Tader.

FoY. « /. }//, French.] Faith ; allegiance.

An obfolete word.
He Eafterland fubducd, and Denmark won.

And of them both did/y and tribute raife. F. ^
To Fract. v. a. [fraaus, Latin.] To

break; to violate; to infringe. Found

perhaps only in the following paflage.
His days and times are pall,

And my reliance on his fraSeJ dates

Has fmit my credit. Shakefp. Timon.

FRA'CTION. n. /. [fraaion, Fr. fraah,

Latin.]

1. The acl of breaking; the ftate of being
broken.

The furface of the earth hath been broke, and
(he parts of it diflocated ; feveral parcels of nature
retam rtill the evident marks oifraShn and ruin.

liurnil't tbecry of tbe Earth.

2. A broken part of an integral.

The/afl/jwii of her faith, arts of her love.
The fragments, fcraps, the bits and greafy reliques
Of her o'er eaten faith, are bound to Diomede.

. • Sbakrfptare.

Neither the motion of the moon, whereby months
are computed, nor the fun, whereby years are ac-
counted, confiftcth of whole numbers, but admits of
fraBhns and broken parts. Brorvn'j Vulgar Errouis.

Pliny put a round number near the truth, rather
than ifraition. Atbutbnot on Coins.

Fra ctional. adj. [from fraaion.] Be-
longing to a broken number; comprifing
a broken number.

We make a cypher the medium between increafing
and decreafing iiumbcTS, commonly called abfolule
or whole numbers, and negative or fraaional

1 > rr-hl^', T „ ., Cockrr', Arilhmrlick.

tR.VCTURE. n.f. [fraaura. Latin.]

I. Breach; reparation of continuous parts.
That may do it wiilioui a-iy great /rai9»(-e of the
mote aablc and fi«ed parts of nature, or the in-
fiingemciit ol the laws thereof. Hale.

1. 'I he feparation of the continuity of a
bone in living bodies.

But thou wilt fin and giief deftroy,
That fo tbe broken bones may joy,
And tune tugciher in a v/ell-fet fong.
Full of his praifcs.
Who dead men raifes ;
Fraaurei well cur'd, make us more ftrong.

Fraaurei of the fcull are dangerous, not in con-
fecjueuce ol the injury done to the cranium iifcif
but a; the brain becomes afftfted. Sbayp'i Surgery

To Fra'cture. v. a. [from the noun.j
To break a bone.

The leg was dreiTcd, and the fraaured bones
united together. m/eman', Surgery.

FRA'GILE. a<iy. {fragile, French ; /r^_f.///,
Latin.] "*

I. Brittle; eafily fnapped or broken.

To eafe them of their griefs.
Their pangs of love, and other incident throes.
Thai nn\itt\fragile vcffel doth fullain
In life ••uncertain voj.ge. Sl.ak,fp. Timon.

1 he Italk of ,vy is tough, and M^fragih. Bacon.

When fubilc win haw fpun their threads too tine,
'1 IS weak nnd/ragilr, like Arachi.e'sline. Denbam

Adryftick will be eafily broken, when a green
one will maintain a flrong reliftance ; and yet in
the moill fubftance ti.ere is lefs rcll than in what ;,
drier and u^att fragile. Clanvillt.

s. Weak; uncertain; eafily de.lroyed.

FRA

Much oftenfation, vain of &t(U\y arms.
And f agile arms, much inftrument of war,
Long in preparing, foon to nothing brouglir,
Befoie mine eyes thou'ftfet. Millon's Paradlfe Keg.
Fragi'lity. n.f. {i\Qm fragile.]

1. Brittlenefs; eafinefs to be broken.

To make an induration with toughnefs, and left

fiagiliy, decoa bodies io water for two or three days.

, . Bacon's Nat. Hifi.

2. VVeaknefs; uncertainty; eafinefs to be
deftroyed.

Fear the uncertainly of mun'sfragili/y, the com-
mon chance of war, the violence of lortuiie. Knolles.

3. Irailty ; liaBlenefs to fault.

All could not be right, in fuch a flate, in thi»

lower age oS fragility. IVotton

FRA'GMENT. „. r. {fragmemum. Latin.]

A part broken from the whole; an im-

psrfeft piece.

He who late a fceptre did command,
Nowgrafps a floating/nj^mwr in his hand. DryJerr.
Cowley, in his untinilhed fragment of the Da-
Vidcis, has (liewn us this way to improvement.

, flails on the MiirJ.

U a thin or plated body, which, being of an even
thicknefs, appears all over of one uniform colour,
Ihould be (lit into threads, or broken into/ra?-
mtKU of the fame thicknefs wi:h the plate, I fte
no rcafon why every thread or fragment Ihould not
keep Its colour. Ne-wtoi's Opiicks.

Some on painted wood
Transfix'd i\m: fragments, lome prejnr'd the food.-
„ , P<^e's Odyjfey.

Fragmentary, adj. [from fragment.]
Compofed of fragments. A 'word not
elegant, not in ufe.

She, (lie is gone ; Ihe's gone: when thou know'ft
this,
What/rai;«f«/jry nibbilli this world is.
Thou know'lt, and that it is not worth a thought;
He knows it too too much that thinks it nought.

FRA'GOR. n.f. [Latin.] A noife; a crack:
a crafh. Not ufed.

Purfu'd by h\Aiamfragors, as before
The Hames defcend, they in their breaches roar.

Sandys.
Fr a'gr A NC E. 1 n. f {fagrantia, Latin.]
Fra'grancy. / Sweetnefsoffmell; pleaf-
ing fcent; grateful odour.

Eve feparate he I'pies,
VeiI'd in a cloud of fragranc; where (he flood
""," 'Py'd- Milton's Paradife Lcjl

1 am more pleas'd to furvey my rows of col- -
wprts and cabbages fpringing up in their full fra.
grancy and verdure, than to fee the tender plant*
of foreign countries kept alive by artificial heats.
.,,,., , AJdiftt's Speaator.

Not lovelier feem'd Narcidus to the eye j
Nor, when a flower could boalt motefragrancy. -

c L L • Garth.

buch was the wine ; to quench whofe fervent ftcam
Scarce iv/enty meafures from the living dream
To cool one cup fuflSc'd : ihe goblet crown 'd,
Breath'd aromatick/ra^ra7/i-/Vj around. Pope's OJ
FRA'GRANT. adj. {f-agrans, Latitt.]
Odorous ; fweet of fmell.

Fr.igrani the fertile earth
After foft Ihow'i-s; and f*eet the coming on
Of grateful evening mild. Alillcn,

The nymph vouchf.;f'd to place
Upon her head the various wreath :
'i'he flow'rs, lefs blooming than her face;
^ Their fcent \ek fragrant than her breath. Prior.
Fra'crantly. adv. [from frasra>tl.\
With fweet fcent. J s S

As the hops begin to change colour, and fmclI
Jragranity, you may conclude tliem ripe. Mortinir^

Frail, n.f

J. A balket made of rudics.
z. A rudi for weaving bafkcts.
FRAIL, adj. {fragilis, Latin.]

b Weak;,

F R A

I. Weak; eafily decaying; fubjedl to ca-
fualties; eafily deftroyed.

I know my body's of io frail a kind.
As force, without fevers within can kill. Daviei.

When with care we have raifed an imaginary
treafurc of hippincfs, we find, at laft, that the ma-
terials of the llruiSure in frail and pcri(hiiig, and
the foundation itfelf is laid in the fand. Rogers.

t. Weak of refolution; liable to .crrour or
fedudlion.

The truly virtuous do not eafily credit evil that

is told them of their neighbours; for if others may

do amifs, then may thefe alfo fpeak anfifs : man is

fraily and prooe to evil, and therefore may focn fail

in words, 7aylor^s Guit/e to Devotion.

Fra'ilmen. *./. [from/ra;7.] Weaknefs;
inftability.

There is nothing among all the fra'/nr^ei and
ancerlainties of this fublunary world fo lotteri'ig and
unftable as the virtue of a coward. Aorris.

Fra'ilty. n./. [from frail.] ^

1, Weaknefs of refolution; inftability of
mind; infirmity.

Though Page be a fecure fool, and ftands fo firmly
«n his viik'tj'railiy, yet I cannot put off my opinion
fo eafily. Sbatrjptare.

Nor (hould'ft thou have trailed that to woman's
frailty :
Ere I to thee, thou to thyfelf wall cruel. Mi/ton.

God knows tmt frailty, pities our weaknefs, and
requires of us no more than we are able to do. Locke.

2, J ault, proceeding from weaknefs; fins of
infirmity : in this fenfc it has a plural.

Love did his reafon blind,
And love's the noblcll/ra/Ay of the mind. Dryd.

Kind wils will tliole light faults excufe;
Thofe are the commonfrailtits of the mufe. Dryd,

Death, only death, can break the lalling chain ;
And here, ev'n then, (hall my cold dud remain;
Here all mfrailties, all its flames refign,
And wail, 'till 'tis no fin to mix with thine. Pope.

That Chriftians are now not only like other men
in their frailties and infirmities, might be in fome
degree excufable ; but the complaint is, they are like
heathens in all the main and chief articles of their
lives. Law.

FRAI'SCHEUR. n.f. [French.] Frelhnefs;
coplnefs. A word fooliftily innovated by
Dryitn.

Hither in Summer-evenings you repair.
To tafte xhefraifcbeur of the purer air. Dry den.

FRJISE. n. j. [French, the caul of an
animal.] A pancake with bacon in it.

lo FRAME, tj. a.

\. To form or fabricate by orderly con-
firu£\ion and union of various pares.

The double gates he findeth locked fad;
The one iiw framed oi burniOi'd ivory,
The other all with filver overcalt. Sfenfer.

2. To fit to one another.

They rat"her cut down their timber to frame it,
and to do ncceflaries to their convenient ufe, than to
figlit. Abbot.

Hew timber, (aw it, frame it, and fet it together.

Mortimer.

3. To make; to compofe.

Then cluifing out few words mod horrible.
Thereof did ttxhf frame. Sfenfer.

Fight valiantly to-day ;
And yet I do tnee wrong to mind thee of it ;
For thou At\fram''d of the firm truth of valour. Sbak,

4. To regulate; to adjuft.

Let us not decieve ourfclves by pretending to this
excellent knowledge of Chrid Jcfus our Lord, if
we do no\ frame our lives according to it. lillolfon.

5. To form any rule or method by ftudy or
precept.

Thou art their foldler, and, being bred in broils.
Haft not the foft way ; but thou vf'^t frame
Thyfelf forfooth hereafter theirs. Sbak. Coriolanui.

I have been a truant to the law;
I never yit cirtM frame my will to it,
And ther«foie/r«»ie ibt lavi unto roy willt Sbafrf.

F R A

6. To form and digeft by thought.

The mott abftrufe ideas are onljf Tuch as the un-
derttanding/ramw to itfelf, bv joining together ideas
that it had either from obje& of fenfe or from its
own operations about them. Locke.

full of that flame his tender fceres lie warms,
Aaiframei liisgoddcfs by your matchleft charms.

Granville.

Urge him with truth ta frame his fure replies.
And fure he will, for wifdom never lies. Pope.

How many excellent reafonings tn framed in the
mind of a man of wifdom and ftudy in a length of
years. >^'""-

7. To contrive ; to plan.

Unpardonable the prefumption and infolence in
contriving uni framing this letter was. 'ClarcHdon.

8. To fettle ; to fcheme out.
Though I cannot make true wars,

I'll/fjmf convenient peace. Sbak. Coriolamn.

9. To invent; to fabricate, in a bad fenfe:
as, Xo frame a ftory or lie.

Aftronomers, to folve the phienomena, framed
to their conceit ecccntricks and epicycles. Bacon.

Frame. »./. [from the verb.]

1 . A fabricic ; any thing conftru died of va-
rious parts or members.

If the/fame of the heavenly arch (hould diflblve
itfelf, if celeftial fpheres (hould forget their wonted
motions, and by irregular volubility, turn tliemfelves
any way, as it might happen. Hooker.

Caftles made of trees upon frames of timber,
with turrets and arches, were anciently matters of
magnificence. Bacon,

Thefe are thy glorious works, parent of good !
Almighty 1 thine this univerfal/ivjMf. Milton.

Divine Cecilia came,
Invcntrcfs of the ixi.\frame. Dryden.

The gate was adamant ; mxmXframc,
Which, hew'd by Mars himfelf, from Indian quar-
ries came.
The labour of a god ; and all along
Tough iron plates were clench'd to make it ftrong.

Diyden.

We fee this vaft frame of the world, and an
innumerable multitude of creatures in it; all which
we, who believe a God, attribute to him as the
author. Tllloifan.

2. Any thing made fo as to inclofe or admit
fomething clfe.

Put ba:h the tube and the veflel it leaned on
into a convenient wooitnframe, to keep them from
mifchances. Boyle.

His pidlure fcarcely would deferve zframi. Dryd.

A globe of glafs, about eight or ten inches in
diameter, being put into z frame where it may be
fwiftly turned round its axis, will, in turning, ihine,
where it rubs againft the palm of one's hand. Neivton.

3. Order; regularity; adjufted /eries or dif-
pofition.

A woman, that is Itkt a German clock,
Still a repairing, ever out oi frame.
And never going aright. Shakefpeare.

Vour Heady foul preferves \\e\- frame ;
In good and evil times the fame. Siuift.

4. Scheme; order.

Another party did refolve to change the whole
frame of the government in ftate as well as church.

Clarendon.

5. Contrivance; projcftion.

John the Ballard,
Whofe Ipirits toil in frame of villainies. Sbakefp.

6. Mechanical conftruftion.

7. Shape; form; proportion.

A bear's a favagc bead,
Whelp'd without form, until the dam
Has lick'd it into (hape ^niframe. Hudihras.

Fra'mer. n.f. [from //-amf ; pjiemman,
Saxon.] Maker; former; contriver;
fchemer.

The forger of his own fate, the framer of his
fortune, Oiould be improper, if aflions were pre-
determined. Hammond.

There was want of accuratenefs in experiments in
the (irft ori^inaiyru/itrr e: thole medaif. Aibuihnot.
I

F R A

Fra'mtold. »./. [This word is written by
Dr. Hacket, frampul. I know not its
original.] Pecvifh; boifterous; rugged;
croflgrained. '

Her hufband ! Alas, the fweet woman leads an ill
life-witli him: (he leads a vtry frampold life with
him. Shaieffeart.

Thtframpul man could not be pacified, backet,

FRA'NCHISE. ft.f \franchife, French.]

1. Exemption from any onerous duty.

2. Privilege; immunity ; right granted.
They granted them markets, and other fran-

cbifes, and ere^ed corporate towns among them.

Da'vies on Ireland*
His gracious edifl the time franc hife yields
To all the wild incrcafe of woods and fields. Dryden,

3. Diftrift; extent of jurifdiftion.

There are other privileges granted unto moft of
the corporations, that they (hall not be travelled forth
of their ovit\fra«chifcs. Spenfcr*s State of Ireland,
To Franchi'se. -v. a, [from the noun.]
lo enfranchife; to make free; to keep
free.

I lofe no honour
In fceking to augment it; but dill keep
My \ioiQm francbis'd, and allegiance clear, Sbaief,

Fra'ngible. adj. [fratiga, Latin.] Fragile;
brittle ; eafily broken.

Though it feems the foUdeft wood, if wrought
before it be well feafoned, it will (hew itfelf very
frangiile, Bayle,

P"ra'nion. n.f. [Of this word I know not
the derivation.] A paramour ; a boon
companion.

Firft, by her fide did fit the bold Sanfloy,
Fit mate tor fuch a mincing minion.

Who in her loofcnefs took exceeding joy
Might not be found a fraiiker_/iaH/o«, Fairy Slueen.
FRANK, adj. [franc, I-rench.]
I. Liberal; generous; not niggardly.

The moiller forts of trees yield little mofs, for
the reafon of the frank putting up of the fap into
the boughs. Bacon.

They were left deftitute cither by narrow provi-
fion, or by i\it\r frank hearts and their open hands<
and their charity towards others, Spratt'jSermoni.

'lis the ordinary pni<5lice of the world to be
frank of civilities that coll them nothing. L'Eflr.

z. Open; ingenuous; fincere; not referved.

3. Without conditions ; without payment.

Thou had it won ; for it is of frank gift,
And he will care for all the reft to Ihift. Huhberd.

4. Noi^ reftrained; licentious. Not in ufe.

Might not be found » franker franioo. Spenfer.

Frank, n.f. [from the adjeftive.]

1 . A place to feed hogs in ; a fty : fo called
from liberality of food.

Where fups he i Doth the old boar feed in the
o\i frank? • Sbakff. Henry \\,

2. A letter which pays no portage.

You'll have immediately, by it\tsi\ franks, my
epidle to Lord Cobliam, Pope to S-wift,

3. A French coin.

To Frank. 11, a. [from the noun.]

1 . To fliut up iu a frank or fty. Hannur.

In the fty of this moft bloody boar.
My fon George Stanly \ifrank'd up in hold. Sbak.

2. To feed high; to fat; to cram. J.v«/.«
and Ainfivorth ,

3. [From the adjeftive.] To exempt let-
ters from portage.

My l/>rd Orrery writes to you to-morrow ; and
you lee 1 fend this under his cover, or at leaft
franked \i'] \\\m. S-wift,

Ciieties fcnt gratis d»wn, and frank'd, J

For which thy patron's weekly tii.ink'd. Pope, I

Frankalmoi'gne. n.f. The fame whicji
we in Latin call libera tleemofyna, or fr^g
alms in Englifh; whence that tenure jj
commonly known among our Engl'{h

lawy.

F R A

lawyers by the name of a tenure in frank
auvtcue, ox frankalmoigne , which, accord-
ing to Britcu, is a (enure by divine fer-
vice. jlyliffe't Parergon.

Fra'nkincense. n.f. [frank unA. incen/e;
{o called perhaps from its liberal diftribu-
tion of odour.j

Frankincenfe is a dry relinous fubltance in pieces
or drops, of a pale yellowifti white colour; a ftrong
fmell, but not difagreeable, and a bitter, acrid, and
refinous tafte. It is rery inllammable. The ear
lidl hiftories inform us, \.\\M. frankincenjt was ufei
•mong the facred rites and facrifices, as it continues
to be in many parts. We arc ftill uncertain as to the
place wViSncz frankincenft is brought, and as to the
tree which produces ir. Hill.

Take unto thee fweet fpiixs, with faitfraxiin-
fevfc. Exodut.

I find in Diofcorides record a^frank'mctttft gotten
in India. Srerev^o^d on La/tguagfi .

Black ebon only will in India grow.
And od^xvfM Jrartkinceti/e on the Sdb(ran bough.

Dryden't VirgU.

Cedar kA frankincenjr^ an od'rous pile.
Flam 'don the hearth, and wide pcrfum'd the ifle.

TuMi'KLts. n.f. [from/<-(7«i.] A fteward ;
a bailiff of land. It fi^nifies originally a
little gentleman, and is not improperly
Englilhed a gentleman fervant. Not in
ufe.

A fpacious court they fee.
Both plain and pkafant to be walked in.
Where them does meet iftanktin Uit and free.

I'aitj Soften.

F«*'nkly. adv. [from /ra»i.]

I. Liberally; freely; kindly; readily.

Oh, were it but my life,
I'd throw it down for your deliverance,
As frankly as a pin. Shakrff. Mtaf.for Mtaf,

It erer any malice in your heart.
Were hid agaiatt me, now forgive mcfrankly.

Sbakiff. Henry VI H.

When they had nothing to pay, \w: frankly forgave
them both. LuktsW. i^i.

By the roiighnefs of the emh, the Gip cannot get
up to fpread {o frankly as it Ihould do. Bacon.

I value my garden more for being full of black-
birds than cherries, and yzrj frankly give them fruit
for their fonjs. Sftdat^r.

e. Without contlraint.

The lords mounted their fervantsupoo their own
hones J and they, with the voluniiers, vho frankly
lilted themfelvcs, amounted to a body of two hun-
dred and hfij horfe. Clarendon.

3. Without refcrve.

He mend itvffrankly into thofe new defigns,
which were contrived at court. Clarcndin.

Fra'nkmss, n.f. [horn frank.]

1. Plainnefs of fpeechj opcnnefs; ingenu-

oufnefs.

When the Conde duke had fome ecIaircilTemcnt
with i.Se duke, in which he m.ide all the proicila-
tions of his fincere affeiflion, the other received his
proteftations with all contempt; and declared, with
J very mmKtS»rf franknrjs, thai he would have no
friendrtiip with hiro. Clarendon.

Tom nude love to a woman of fenfc, and always
treated her as fuch during the whole time of court-
Ihip: his natural temper and gojd breeding hin-
dered him from doing any thing difjgreeable, as his
fincerity and/rfl»*».yi of behaviour made him con-
vcrfe with her betora marriage in the fame maimer
he intended to do aftcnvaidi. AdJfon'i Guardian.

2. Liberality; bounteoufnefs.

3. Freedom from rcferve.

He deliverfd with x\\tfanknrfi of a friend's
tongue, word by won), what Kalcndar had told him
toliching the ftr.inje ftory. Sidnry

The .bleft men thjt ever were, have had all an
op-nnefs and /ra»*»,/, of dealing, and a name of
xettamly and veracity. g^„„

fRAKKPLHDCE. n.f. [framlfrgium, Latin;

F R A

9^ franc, \. e. liher ^ pldg', J- e. fiJei
j>'ffor.'\ A pledge or furety for freemen.
For the ancient cuftom of England, for
the prefervation of the publick peace, was,
that every freeborn man at fourteen years
of age, religious perfons, clerks, knights,
and their eldeft fons excepted, (hould find
fecurity for his fidelity to the king, or
elfe be kept in prifon : whence it became
cuftomary for a certain number of neigh-
bours to be bound for one another, to
fee each man of their pledge forthcoming
at all times, or to ahfwer the tranfgref-
fion of any one abfenting himfelf. This
was called frankpledge, and the circuit
thereof was called dccenna, becaufe it
commonly confided of ten houfeholds;
and every particular perfon, thus mu-
tually bound, was called a'?««»;>)-. This
cultom was fo ftriftly obferved, that the
fheriffs, in ever)- county did from time
to time take the oaths of young ones as
they grew to the age of fourteen years, and
fee that they combined in one decennary
or other; this branch of the (heriff's au-
thority was called 'vifus franciplegii, view
of frankpledge. Cotvel.

FRA'NTICK. adj. [corrupted from/A;v-
nelick, phrcnetkus, Lat. ^jshitiko?.]

I. Mad; deprived of underftanding by vio-
lent madncfs ; outragcoufly and turbu-
lently mad.

Far off, he wonders what makes them lb glad;
Of Bacillus' merry fruit they did invent.
Or Cyber»/ra*//r* rites have made them mad.

fairy Siueen.

z. Tranfported by violence of pafiion ; out-
rageous ; turbulent.

Eftceming in iht frantiek error of their minds,
the grcatell madncfs in the world to be wifdom, and
the higheft wil'Jom foolillineG. Hooker.

To .''uch height theiryra«//<-l pafiion grows,
That what both love, both haiard to deftroy. DiyJ.

She tears her hair, zni,fraHliek in her griefs.
Calls out on Lucia. Addifon'i Can.

3. Simply mad.

The lover, framlci.
Sees Melen's beauty in a brow of Egypt. Sliakefi,.
YtA'vTiCKLY. ad-v. [fcomfanikk.] Mad-
ly; diftratiledly ; outrageoufly.
Fie, fie, how franlickly I fcjuare my talk. Siak.
Fra'ntick.vess. n. f. [from framici.]

Madnefs ; fury of paffion ; diftraftion.
FRATE'RNAL. ndf. \fraterncl. French;
faternm, Latin.] Brotherly ; pertaining
to brothers; becoming brothers.

One Ihall arifc
Of proud ambitious heart ; who, not content
With fair e(juality,/ra/rr»a/ltate.
Will arrogate dominion unJeferv'd,
Over his brethren. Milian'i Paradife Lofi.

The admonitions, yKirovi.j/ or paternal, of hi»
fellow Cliriftians, or of the governors of the church,
then more publick rcprehenftons ; and upon their
unfuccefsfulnefs, the cenfures of the church, until he
reform and return. Hammond.

Plead it to her.
With all the flrength and heats of eloquence
Fraitrnal love and friendrtiip can infpirc. Addifun,

Frate'rn-aily.o/i/. \homfraternal."[ In
a brotherly manner.

Frati'r.sitv. n. f. {fratemhe, French;
fraternitns, Latin. J

I . 'I'he ftatc or quality of a brother.

z. Body of men united; corporation; fo-
ciety; aflbciationj brotherhood.

F R A

'Tis a neceffary rule in alliances, focieties, anJ
fraternities, and all manner of civil contrafls, to have
a drift regard to the humour of thofe we have to d*
withal. L'EJlrange.

3. Men of the fame clafs or charader.

With what terms of refpeft knaves and fots will
fpeak of their ownfraterniiy. South' s Sermons.

Fra'triciue. n.f [fralricide, French;
fratricidium, Latin.] The murder of a
brother.
FRAUD. »./. [/raar, Latin ;/ratfdV, Fr.]
D«:eitj cheat; trick; artifice; fAtilty;
ftratagem.

Our better part remains ^

To work in clofe dcfign, \>y fraud at guile.

What force effefled not. Milton.

None need <i\it. frauds of fly Ulyfles fear. Dryden.

If fucccfii a lover's toil attends.

Who afks if force ot fraud obtain'd his ends. Pope.

Fra'udful. adj. [fraud at\A full.] Trea-
cherous ; artful ; trickifti ; deceitful ;
fubtle.

The welfare of us all
Hangs on the cutting Ihort that/raKa7"a/man.

Shake/p. Henry VI,
He, full of fraudful arts,
_ This well-invented tale for truth imparts. Dryden,
Fra'udfullv. ad-v. [from fraud fil:\ De-
ceitfully ; artfully ; fubtilly ; treacher-
oufly; by ftratagem.
Fra'udulence. I n.f. [fraudulentia,'L2it . ]
Fra'udulency, J Deceitfulnefs ; trick-
ifhncfs ; pronenefs to artifice.

We admire the Providence of God in the con-
tinuance of Scripture, notwithftanding the endea-
vours of infidels to abolilli, and the frauduUnce of
hcteticks always to deprave the fame. Hooker.

Fra'udulent. adj. [fraudtiliux, French;
frauduUntus, Latin.]

1. Full of artifice; trickilh; fubtic ; de-
ceitful.

He with ferpent tongue
W\^ fraudulent ten\ptation thus began. Milton.

She mix'd the potion, fraudulent of foul;
The potion mantled in the golden bowl. Pope's OJ.

2. Performed by artifice; deceitful; trea-
cherous.

Now thou haft aveng'd
Supplanted Adam,

And frutlrated the coneiueH fraudulent. Milton.

Fra'udulently. adv. [horn fraudnlenl .'\
By fraud; by deceit; by artifice; deceit-
fully.

lie that by faft, word, or (ign, ekher fraudu-
lently or violently, does hurt to his neighbour, is
bound to make rellitution. Taylor.

FRAUGHT, particip. paff, [(tomfraight,
now written y)-«>/i>/.]

1, Laden; charged.

In the narrow feas that part
The French and Englilh, there mifcatried
A vclTel of our country, ncMy fraught. Shakefp.

With joy
And \\i\a%'.fraught, to hell he now reliirn'd.

Milton's Par. I.ofi.
And now approach'd their fleet from India,
fraught
With all the riches of the rifingftin.
And precious fand from foutheru climates brought.

Dryden.

2. Filled; ftored; thronged.
The Scripture \% fraught even with laws of nature.

Hooker.

By this fad \jt\i, fraught with anguifh fere.
Arrived, where they in earth their blood had fpilt.

Spenfer.

I am iofiaught with curious bufinefs, that I leavs
outcciemony. Shakrfp. Jf'inter's Tale.

Whofoevcr h.ith his mind fraught with many
though*, hit wits and undcr.landing do clarify and
break up in the communicating and difcourfing with
another. Baton.

I L Hell

F R E

rttll, their fit htVititioa, fraxglir with (he,
tJnquenchaWe, the houfe ot woe and pain, fiti/tox.

AbdalUh and Belfon were fo fraught with kU
kinds of knowledge, and poflVffed wiih a fo coplhint
paflion for each other, th»l their folitude never by
heavy on them. AiHiJon.

Fraught. »./. [from the participk.] A
freight, a cargo.

Yield up, oh Iove,'lhy crawn indparttd thrent
Tfi tyrannous hale ! fivcll, bofom, with ihy Jratghl ;
far 'tis of afpiclvs' toiiguet. Sbakf/p. Othtih.

The b.irk that all our blcllings brought,
Charg'd with thyfelf and James, a doubl/ royal
fraught. DryAen.

y* Fraught, f. a, \jtQxfrdght, by cor-
ruption.J To loBcl ; \o crowd.

Hence from my fight :
If after this command is\o\\ f taught the court
With thy unworthinefs, thou d> It. Shakrff.Cymk^
Fba'uchtag t. ». /. [from fraught.^
Lading ; cargo. A bad word.

0\it fraught jgf^ Sir,
1 have convey 'd aboard. Siahfp. ComeJy of Ei r.

Fray. n.f. \fffrqyer, to fright, French.]
4,. A battle ; a fight.

Time tells, that on that ever blelSul day.
When Chrilliaii fwords witli Pcrfian blood weredy'd.

The furious prince Tancredic from \}t^3Xfray
His coward foes chafed through foreds wide. Falrf,
After the bloody friy at Wakcheld fought.

Sbehfp.tienryy\.
He left them to the fjtes in bloody /ivy.
To toil and ftruggle through the well-iought day.

Poft.

2. A duel ; a combat.

Since, if we fall before th' appointed day,
Nature and death continue long theiryioy. DcKham,

The boafler Paris oft defir'd the day
With Sparta's King to mest in lingleyV<y. Pofe.

3. A broil ; a quarrel ; a riot of violence.

I'll fpeak between the change of man and boy
With a reed voice, and turn two mincing fteps
Into a manly i)rid< ; and fpeak ai frays.
Like a fine bragging youth. Shatefp.

la Fray. 1;. a. [effrayer,, French.]

1 . To fright ; to terrify.

The panther, knowing that his fpotted hide
Doth pleafe all bealls, but that his looks ihtmfray.

Within a bufh his dreadful head doth hide,
To let them gize, while he on them may pn:y.

Spenfer.
So diverfely themfclves in vain xiityfray,
Whilft Ibme ro<)re bold to meafures him Itandnigh,

Spenfer.

Tithe* are thought to\)tfraye4l with the motion

caufed by noife upon the water. Bacon.

Thefe vultures prey only on carcafcs, on fuchftupid

Blinds as have not lite and vigour lofray them away.

Gov. efTmtgue.

2. [frayer, French.] To rub..
FRbAK. n.f. [/red, German ; faucy, pe-
tulant; ppaec, Saxon, fugitive.]

1. A fudden and caufelcfs change of place.

2. A fudden fancy; a humour; a whim;'
a capricious prank.

O! but a fear the fickle freait, quoth (he, !

Ol fortune, and the odd^i of arms in field. Fairy 9,

When that frrat has taken pofleffion of a fan-
tailical headline dillempcr is incurable. L'EjIrangc.

She is rcltlcft and peevilh, and fometimes in a
frtak will inflantly change her habitation. SfcSater.

To vex m; more, he took i freak
To (lit my tongue, and make me fpeak. S\i!fi.

To Freak, t. a. [A word, I fuppofe,
Scotch, brought into England by -i hm-
/eit.] To variegate; to checquer.

There furry nations harbour :
Sables of glotTy black, and dark embrown'd.
Or bautunutfirak'il with many a mingled hue.

Tiipifit.
Fre'akish. aJj, [{toca/rtai.l Capricious;
humourfome.
li my be a qucrtion, whether the wife or the

F R E

woman wat the mart freaklfh oi the two; for (he
was mil the fame uoealy fop. l.'t'ftratige.

Fre'akishly. dfl'i;. [from_/rf<j>t/}^.] Capri-

cioufly ; humourfomely.
Fre'akisRness. k./. [fromyr^ai^.l Ca-,

pricioufnefs ; humourfomenefs ; wnimfi-

caliicfs.
7« Fream. f. «. [fremore,\j3!i\n; fremir,

French.] I'o growl or grunt as a boar.

Bailey.

FRECKLE. «. /. {flech, a fpot, German ;
yi\iS.nc^j{eckle,fnckL:'\

1. A fpot raifed in the Ikin by the fun.

Ruddy his lips, and fie(h and fair his hue ;
Some fprinkIedyi^r^/« on his face were fcen.
Whofe du(k fet off the whitenefs of the (kin. Dryd.

2. Any fraall fpot or difcoloration.

The cowllips tall her penfioncis be ;
In their gold coals fpots you fee :
Thofe be rubies fairy favours ;
In tba[e freck/ft live their favours. Siakrfp.

The tarewell frotts and ealtcrly winds now Ipot

your tulips; therefore cover fuch with mats, to pre>

vtntfrecklej. Eveiyn,

Fre'ckled. aJj. [f torn freckle. '\ Spotted;

maculated ; difculoured with fmall fpots.

Sometimes we'll angle at the brook,
y\'.t freckled trout to uke
With lilken worms. Drayton' s Cynthia.

The even mead that erft brought iweetly forth
B The freckled cowilip,

Wanting tJie fcythe, all uncorre£)ed, rank.
Conceives by idlenefs. Hhakefp. Henry V.

Now thy face charms ev'ry Ihepherd,
Spotted over like a leopard;
And, thyyivf^/fi/neck difplay'd,
Envy breeds in ev'ry maid. Sivift.

Fre'ckly. adj. [irom freckle.'] Full of
freckles.

Fred. The fame with /Mf^; upon which
our forefathers called their fanftuaries
fredftole, i. e. the feats of peace. So Fre-
deric is jx)werful or wealthy in peace ;
Wiitfred, viftorious peace ; Reinfred, fin-
cere peace. Gibfon's Camden.

FREE. adj. [pieah, Saxon ; ijry, Dutch.]

1. At liberty ; not a vaffal ; not enflaved ;
not a prifoner ; not dependent.

A free nation is that which has never been con-
quered, or thereby entered into any condition of fub-
je£tion. temple.

Free, what, and fetter'd with fo many chains ?

Dryden.

How can we think any oat freer than to have the

power to do what he will? Locke,

This wretched body trembles at your pow'r ;
Thus far could fortune ; but (he can no more ;
Free to hcrfelf my potent mind remains,
Nor fears the victor's rage, nor feels Iiis chains.

Frior,
Set an u I'lappy pris'neryi«.
Who ne'er intended harm to thee. Prior.

2. Uncompclled ; uiireftrained.

Their ufe of meats was not like unto our cere-
monies, thatbeing a matter of private aAion in com-
mon life, where every man was_/r« to order that
which himfelf did; but this is a publick conflitu-
lion for the ordering of the church. Hooker.

Do faithful homage, and Kceivtfree honours.
All which we pine for now, Sbakefp. Macbeth.

It wzsfree, and in my choice whether or no I
(hould publilh thefe difcourfes; yet the publication
being once relolvcd, th: dedication was not inditfe-
rent. Souii.

3. Not bound by fate ; not necefFitatcd.

Freely they ftood who llood, and fell who fell ;
Notyi-re, what proof could they have given fincere
Of true allegiance, conftant faith, or love.
Where only what they needs mull do, appcar'd;
Not what liiey would ? Mi/ion' t Puredift Lcjl.

4. Permitted; allowed.

F R E

Why, Sir, I pray, are not the (Vreeti nfret
For me as for you } Sbak. Taming of the Shrev.

Defaming as impure what God declares
Pure ; and commands to fomc, leaves />« to all.

Millox.
To gloomy cares my thoughts alone mfree, s
111 the gay fports with troubled thought! agree.

Pope.

5. Licentious; unreflrained.

O conl'pitacy!

Sham'ft thou to (hew thy dang'rous brow by nighti

When evils are mo& free? Sbakeff,

Fhyficians are too free upon the fubjed, in the

converfation of their friends. Temple.

The criticks have been ytry free in their cenfutes.

Feiton.
I know there ate to whofe prefumptuous thought!
Thofeyreer beauties, ev'n in them, fecm faults.

Pope.

6. Open ; ingenuous ; frank.

Callalio, I have doubts within my heart;
Will you he free and candid to your fiiend ? Ofway.

7. Acquainted; converfing without refewc.

*Tis not to make me jealous.
To fay my wife is fair, feeds well, loves company,
Isfree of fpeech, fings, plays, and dances well,
Where virtue is, thefe'make more virtuous, Shai,

Being one day \try free at a great feaft, he fud-
denly broke forth into a great'laughter, Hakaviil.

Free and familiar with misfortune grow,
Be us'd to forrow, and inur'd to woe. Prior.

8. Liberal; not parfimonious : with e^.

Glo'fter too, a foe to citizens,
O'crcharging your free purfes with large fines.
That feeks to overthrow religion. Shaiefpi

No (Vatute in his favour fays,
Howyr« or frugal I Ihall pafs my days;
I, who at fometimes fpend at others fpare. Pope.
Alexandrian verfes, of twelve fyllables, (hould never
be allowed but when fome remarkable beauty or pro-
priety in them atones for the liberty: Mr, Dryden
has been Xaofree of thefe in his latter works, Pofe.

g. Frank ; not gained by importunity ;
not purchafed.

Wc wanted words to exprefs our thanks: his no-
ble free olTers left us nothing to alk. Bacon.

10. Clear from diftrefs.

Who alone fuffers, fuSersmofl i'th' mind.
Leaving free things and happy (hows behind. Shak.

11. Guiltlefs; innocent.

Make mad the guilty, and appall the />•«,
Confound the ign'rant, Hbakefp. Ham/et.

My hands are guilty, but my heart hfree, Dryd.

12. Exempt: with o/'anciently ; more pro-
perly yrsw.

Thefe
Are fuch allow'd infirmities, that honcfly
Is Dtvufree of. Sitekefp. fVittler') Tale.

W ho fears not to do ill, yet fears the name ;
And y]fey>o;» confcience, is a (lave to fame. Deni,

Let envy, then, thofe crimes within you fee.
From which the happy .never muft \xfree. Dryden,

Their (iecds around.
Free from the harnefs, graze the flow'ry ground.

Dryden.
The will, free from the determination of fuch
delires, is left to tlie purfuit of nearer fatisfaffions.

Lccke.

13. Inverted with franchifes ; poffefling any
thing without vaflalage ; admitted to the
privileges of any botly : with cf. •

He therefore makes all birds of every fcft
Free o/"his farm, with promife to refpsA
Their feveral kinds alike, and equally protefl.

Dryden.
What do'ft thou make a (hipboard .> To what end
Art thou of Bethlem's noble college _/)«.?
Surk-llaring mad, that thou (hould 'It tempt the fea?

Dryden.

14. Without expence ; by charity, as a/r«.
fchcol.

To Free. -v. a. [from the adjeftive,]
1. To fet at liberty ; to refcue from (lavery
or captivity; to manumit ; to loofe.
The child was prifoner to the womb, and is

By

}

F R E

By law and proceft of great nature thence
}-ye€*d andenfranchisM; not a party to
The anger of the king, • ^r guilty of,
If any be, the trefpafs ot the (juecn. Shake/.

He recovered the temple, _/rf^V the city, and up-
held the laws which were going down, z Mac, ii. zz,

Can'ti thou no other matter underltand,
Tlian him tiatfret'd thee by the pretor's wand ?

DryJen,
Should thy coward tongue
Spread its cold poifon through the martial thnang,
Myjav'lin (hall revenge fo bafeapart,
And/ref the foul that quivers in thy heart. Pope.

2. To rid from ; to dear from any thing
ill: with o/" or yr^OT.

It is no mairail, that he could think of no better
way to y^zfree'd o/thefc inconvenlencies the paiCons
of thofc meetings gave him, than to dil£>lve them.

Ciarendcn.
Hercules
^ fret'd Erymanthuay"«/ii the foaming boar. Drydin.
Our land hfram the rage o( ty^en Jree'd. Drjd,

3. To clear from impediments or obfiruc-
tions.

The chafte Sibylla lliall your fteps convey,
Andbloodof o&r*d vidlimsyrre the way. Drydm,

Fierce was the fight; but haft'ning to his prey.
By force the furious \aierjree'd his way. Dryden,

This maftcr-key
Frees every lock, and leads us to his pcrfon. Dryd,

4. To banifh ; to fend away ; to rid. Not
in ufe.

We may again
Give to our tables meat, fleep to our nights,
Free from our fealls and banquets bloody knives,

Siiikifi>.
Never any fabbath of releale
Could free his travels and atHi^ions deep, Daniel.

5. To exempt.

for he that is dead Ufree'd from fin. Rom. vi. 7.
Freebo'oteR. ». /. [free and icotj.] A
robber ; a plunderer ; a pillager.

Perkin was not followed by any EngliHi of name,
his forces confitled moftly of'^bafc people and /Vcc-
loeteri, filter to fpoil a coaft than to recover a king-
dom. Bacon.

The Earl of W.irwick had, as often as he met
with any Irifti frigates, or (\ichfree6iMter! as failed
under their commiflion, taken ail the feamen.

Ciarendon,

Fr«e»o'otinc. n. f. Robbery; plander;
the aft of pillaging.

Under it he may cleanly convey any fit piilaze,
thai cometli handfomely in his wayj and when he
goeth abroad in the night on yrre^e/i/ij, it is his
beft and furcftfncnd. Spetif,r.

Fke'eborv. adj. { free vai. born. 1 Wot a
Have ; inheriting liberty.

0 bafenefs, to fupport a tyrant's throne.
And crufh yourjieeitni brethren of the world I

Drydf/i.

1 Ihall fpeak my thoughts like a frctbum fubjcdt,
fuch thing' perhjps as no Dutch conjneatator could,
and I am fuir no Frenchman durft. Drjden.

ihMfrtekont men, m humble awe.
Submit to Icrvile Ihanr.e ;

Who from confent and C'iftom draw,
The fame right to be rul'd by law.
Which king! pretend to reign? Dryden.

Freecha'ppel. n. J. [free znd chnfb(l.\
Such chappcJs as are of the king's foun-
flation, and by him exempted from the
jurifdiftion of the ordinary. The king
may alfo licenfc a fubjedt to found fuch
a chappel, and by his charter exempt it
from the ordinary's vifitaiion. CVdv/.
Fri'eccst. n.f. [/« and f«/?.] Witljout
expence; free from charges.

Wt muft not vouch any man lor an exifl maftcr
in the n\n of our modern policv, but fuch a one as
h"- mifelf fo far to iiaic and defpile the

• S iiind upon/rfiTii^, as not fo mu<.h

a< ;. ,.,. .. ,i,..uA what it is o'clock for aoiJiing.

HouiU.

K "FRE

Fr e'e D M A N. »./. \ freed and man,'\ A Save

manumitted. Libertus.
TheyircYm^ff joftles, and will be preferr'd ;

Firft come, firft fcrv'd, he cries. Dryden's Jmv.
Fr e'e DOM. ?/./. [from free.']

1. Liberty; exemption from femtude ; in-
dependence.

The laws thcmfelves t;i^cy do fpecially rage at, as
moft repugnant to their liberty and naturat/^frf^vi.
Spenfer on Ireland.

O freedom ! firft delight of human kind !
Not that which bondmen from their mailers find.
The privilege of doles ; nor yet t' infcribe
Their names in this or t'other Roman tribe :
That faUe enfranchifement with eafe 1$ found ;
Slaves are made citizins by turning round. Dryden.

2. Privileges; franchifes ; immunities.
By our holy fabbath have I fworn

To have the due and forfeit of my bond :

If you deny it, let the danger light

Upon your charter, and your city's ^cei/om. Shak.

3. Power of enjoying franchifes.

This prince firft ^znfrecdon to fervants, fo as to
become citiiens of ci^ual privileges with the rert,
which very much incteafcd the power of the people.

Suj/l.

4. Exemptioii from fate, neceflity, or pre-
determination.

I clfe muft change
Their nature, and revoke the high decree
Unchangeable, eternal, which ordain'd
Thcir/r«</i>«; they thcmfelves ordain'd theit fall.

Atilicn.
In every fin, by how much the mote free will is
in its choice, by fo much is the atl the more finful ;
and where there is -nothing to importune, urge, or
provoke the will to any aift, there is fo much an
higher and perfeiltr degree oSfreed^m about that aft.

South.

J. Unreftraint.

1 will that all the feafts and fabbaths ihall be all
days of immunity. aady><<i/f>>i for the Jews in my
rtalm. 1 Mae. xo.

6. The ftate of being without any particu-
lar evil or inconvenience.

The freedcm of their ftate lays them under a
greater neccirity of always chufing and doing the beft
things. La-tu.

7. Eafe or facility in doing or fhowing any
thing.

Freefo'oted. adj. \ free and font.] Not
reftrained in the march.

We will fetters put upon this fear.
Which now goes too freefooled. Sbakefp. tlimlet.
Freehe'.^rted. <7<^'. [free unA heart.] Li-
beral ; unreArained.

Love mMtifreebearied be, and voluntary j
And not iacAntcd, ot by fate conftrain'd. Dmies.
Freeho'ld. ». /. \freezndhold.] 1 hat
land or tenement which a man holdeth in
fee, fee-tail, or for term of life. Freehold
in deed is the real poffeflion of lands or
tenements in fee, fee-tail, or for life.
Freehold in law is the right that a man
has to foch land or tenements before his
entry or feifure. Freehold is fometimes
takcti in oppofition to villenagc. Land, in
the time of the Saxons, was called either
bockland, that is, holden by book or
writing, or folcland, that is, holden,
without writing. The former was held by
far better conditions, and by the lietter
fort of tenants, as noblemen and gentle-
men, being fuch as we now call freehold.
The latter w.is commonly in the pofl'cf.
fion of clowns, being that which wc now
call at the will of the lord. Cvwel.

Ne ali«naiion of laadi baWcii in cliicf Oivuld be

F RE

available, touching xSMfreehold ax inheritance thereof,
but only where it were made by matter of record.

Bacon 't Office of AlUnalhrt.

There is an unfpeakable plealure in calling any
thing one's own: i. freehold, though it be but in
ice and fnow, will make the owner picaled in the
po.Teirion, and ftout in the defence of it. Addifan.

My friends here are very few, and fixed to the
freehold, from whence nothing but death will re-
move them. S-wift.

I (hould be glad to polTcfs a freehold that could

noi be taken from me by any law to which I did

not give confent. S-wift.

Freeho'lder. n.f. [dom freehold.] One

who has a freehold.

As extortion did banifti the old EngIifh/rfe/W</er,

who could not live but under the law ; fo the law

did banith the Iriih lord, who could not live but by

'"""'on. David.

fRE'ELY. adv. [from//w.]

1. At liberty; without vaffalage; without
flavery ; without dependence.

2. Without reftraint; heartily; with full
'guft.

If my fon were my hufband, I vionM freclier re-
joice in that abfeiice wherein h« won honour, than
in the embracemcats of his bed, where h^ would
(hew moft love. Shake/ feare' s Coriolanus.

3. Plentifully; laviftily.

I pledge your grace; and if you knew what pains
I have beftow'd to breed this prefent peace.
You would driiik/rcf/y. Shake/p. Henry IV.

4. Without fcruple; without referve.

Let fuch teach others who themfelves excel.
And cenfure/rcc/y who have written well. Pope.

J. Without impediment.

To follow rather the Goths in rhyming than the
Greeks in true verfifying, were even to eat acorns
with fwine, when we may freely eat wheat-bread
among men. A/ibani,

The path to peace is virtue : what I (how,
Thyfelf any freely on thyfelf bellow :
Fortune was never worlhipp'd by the wife ;
But fet aloft by fools, ufurps the (kies. Dryden.

6. Without neceflity; without predetermi-
nation.

Freely they ftood who ftood, and fell who fell.

„ , , Mi lion.

He leaves us to chulc with the liberty of reafon-
able beings: they who comply with his grace, com-
ply with a freely; and they who rejedl it, do alfo
Jrtely rejedl it. Rogers.

7. Frankly; liberally; without coft.

By nature all things have an equally uncommon
ufe : aitatc freely and indifferently opens the bolbmi
of iheunivcrk to all mankind. South.

8. Spontancoully ; of its own accord,
Fre'^eman. n.f. [free and man,]
I . One not a Have ; not a vaffal.

Had you rathe:- Csfar were living, and die all
(laves, than that Csfar were dead, to live all/r«.
""■'''' Shakefpeare.

If to break loofe from the condudl of reafon, and
to want that reftraint of examination and judgment
which keeps us from chuling or doing the worft, be
liberty, true liberty, madmen and fools arc the only
frermcn. i„^,_

z. One partaking of rights, privileges, or
immunities.

He made ui freemen of the continent.
What nature did like captivts treat before. Dryden.
What this union was is exprctfed in the preceding
verfc, by their both having been made /ircm<-« on
the fame day. AdJifon.

F R E F. M 1 'n D E D . adj. [free and mind. ] Un-
perplexed; without load of care.

To htfreemindcd, and cheerfully difpofej at hours
of meat, (leep, and exercife, is one of the beft pre-
cepts of long biting. ij„^„^

Fre'kness. v.f. [from/;w.]

1. The ftate or quality of bring free.

2. Opennefs; unrefervcdnefs; injgenuouf-
ncfs; candour,

S L » Tl:e

F R E

The Ttiitr may pardon it, if he pteafe, for At
^irM//iof the eonfeflion. Drjdm.

3. Generofity ; liberality.

I hope it will never be faid that the laity, who
by the clergy arc taught to be charitable, (hall in
their corporations exceed llic clergy itfelf, and their
fons, mfreemfs of giving. Sprjtt*

Freescho'ol. ». /. \_free ZTiiL/clxol.] A
fchool in which learning is given with-
out pay.

To give a civil education to the youth of this land
in the time to come, provifion was made by another
law, that there (hould be one fretfchoot at lead
erefted in every diocefe. Djvirt.

Two clergymen flood candidates for a fmall/fcc-
Jcboal; a gentleman who happened to have a belter
underflanding than his neighbours, procured the
place for him who was the better fcholar. Swi/i.

Freespo'ken: aJJ. [free znd/poieu.^ Ac-
cuftomed to fpcak without referve.

Nerva one night Cupped privately with fome fix or
feven ; amongft whom there was one that was a dan-
lerous man, and began to take the like courfes as
Marcellus and Kegulus had done : the Emperor fell
into difcourfe of the injullice and tyranny of the
former time, and, by name, of the two accuTers;
and faid, what ihould we do with them, if we
had them now > One of them that was at fupper,
and was a freiffoken fenalor, faid, Marry, they
(hou'.d fup with us. Bacon,

TtiE'i-STONS, »./. \ free znAjioneJ] Stone
commonly ufed in building.

Freffiane is fo named from its being of fuch a con-

ftitution as to be wrought and cut freely in any

dircd\lon. IVocdvjard.

I faw her hand ; (he has a leathern hand, nfrte-

^oftr*co\o^\tcd hand. Shakefp. Asyou ^ike it.

The ftretts are generally pawd with brick ory>«-

fimty and always kept very neat. Addifon on Italy

iREBTHl'NKER. n.f. [ free mA think. ^ A

libertine; a contemner of religion.

Atheift i 9 an old fafhioned word : I'm a free-

liinirr, child. AJdiJan.

Of what uie is freedom of thought, if it will not

produce freedom of aftion, which is the fole end,

how remote foevcr in appearance, of all obje£lions

againd Chridianity? And therefore theyirrtA/w/tcrr

eonfidcr it as an edifice, wherein all the parts have

fuch a mutual dependance on each other, that if you

pull out one rmglc nail, the whole fabtick mufl fall

tJ the ground. Sulfi.

Freewi'i.l. n.f. [/><•,• and tu///.]

J . The power of directing our own adlions

without reltraint by neceflity or fate.

We have a power to fufpend the profecution of this
Of that dcfire : this feems to me the fource of all
liberty ; in this feems to conlift that which is im-
properly cMtifrcruilll. Locke.
a. Voluntaiinefs ; fpontaneity.

I make a decree, that all the^ of the people of
Ifrael in my realm, which arc minded of their own
frftivil! logo up to Jerufalcm, go with thee.

Ex,raf vii. 13.
Freewo'man. tt.f. [free and. nvcmaa.] A
woman notenflaved.

All her ornaments are taken away; of tfreerL-imart;
(he is become a bondllave. i Mae. ii. 11.

7» Freeze, v. n. rtKtti. froze, [•vrir/'en,
Dutch.]

1. To be congealed with cold.

The aqueous humour of the eye will riot/nezzf^
whiah it vcvy admirable, feeing it hath the perfpi-
cujty and fluidity of common water. Ray.

"Vhtfrecxjig of water, or she blowing of a plant,
returning at equidinant periods in all parts of the
eailh, would as well ferve men to reckon their years
by ai the motions of the fun. Locke.

2. To be of that degree of cold by which
water is congealed.

Orpheus with his lute made tree*
And mountain tops, thit freexe.
Bow ihcmfclves when he did fing. Siair/fi.

Thau 4rt all ice, thy kiaiach/reexei. i'iaiejf.

F R E

Heav'n/r«» above feveie, the clouds congeal.
And thn)' the cryflal vault appear'd the lUnding hail.

DryJen.

Ttf Freeze, t. a. pret./re«; fatt. frozen
ox froze .

1. To congeal with cold.

2. To kill by cold.

I When we both 1.^ in the field,

Froxen alroofl to death, how did he lap me,
Ev'n in his garments! Shaktjp. Richard HI'

My mailer and miftrefs are almofty)-o«(i to death.

Shalefpeare.

3. To chill by the lofs of power or motion.

I have a faint cold fear thrills through my veins,
That almoU/rffa^f up the heat of life. Shakrf.

Death came on amain
And exercis'd below his iron reign ;
Then upward to ihe feat of life he goes ;
Senfe fled before him, what he touch'd \xefroxe.

Dryden.

7'9 Freight, v. a. pnter, freighteJ ; part.

fraught ; which being now ufed as an

adjeftivc, freighted is adopted, [fretter,

French.]

1. To load a (hip or veflel of carriage with
goods for tranfportation.

The princes
Have to the port of Athens lent their (hips,
Fraugljt with the minifters and inftrumcnts
Of cruel war. Shakefp. Troilus ani Crfffida, Prol,

Nor is, indeed, that man lefs mad than thefe,
V/ho/reigit! a (hip to venture on the f«as ;
With one frail interpodng pLink to fave
From certain death, roll'd on by ev'ry wave, Dryd.

Freighted vj\ih iron, from my native land
I fleer my voyage. Pope's Odyjfty.

2. To load as the burthen; to be the thing
with which a veflel is freighted.

I would
Have funk the fea within the earth, or ere
It fliould the good (hip To have fwallow'd, and
Thtfrfighti/tg fouls within her. Shakeff.

Freight, n.f.

1. Any thing with which afhip is loaded.

He clean the deck, receives the m\%hly freight \
The leaky velTel groans beneath the weight. Dryden.

2. The money due for tranfportation of
goods.

Fre'ichter. »./. [fretteur, French.] He

who freights a veflel.
Fren. n.f. Aftranger. Anold word wholly
forgotten here; but retained in Scotland.

Beanie.
But now from me his madding mind Ir (Van,
And wooes the widow's daughter of the glen ;

And now fair Rofalind hath bred his fmart,
So now his friend is changed for if An. Speijir.

FRENCH ChaU n.f.

French chalk is an indurated clay, cxtreiricly
dcnfe, of a fmooth glolTy furfacc, and folt and unc-
tuous to the touch; of a greyilh white colour, varie-
gated with adulkygrccn. Hill.

French chalk is unfiuousto the touch, as fteatites
is, but haixier, and nearer approaching the confiftence
of flone. fVood.

9"<» Fre'nchifv. T. a. [Uom French.'] To
infcft with the manner of France; to
make a coxcomb.

They miHiked nothing more in King Edward the
ConfclTIir than that he was Frencbifed ; and ac-
counted the defire of foreign language then t« be a
foretoken of bringing in (oreign powers, which in-
deed happened. Camden'i Remains.

I{as he familiarly dill'ik'd
Your yellow ftarch, or faid vour doublet
Was not exaflly Frencbifci}' Shakrfp.

Fre'netick. adj. [fretiettque, French;
t^tnrrrntix,; generally therefore written
fhrenetick.] Mad ; diftraftcd.

He himfelf impotent,.
By mean of hhfrenrtick malady. Dan/ei.

Fre'nzy. a. /. ^f«iVis; firmiit, Latin :

F R E

whence fhrenetify, fhreuetfy, phfeftzy, br
frenzy, j Madnefs ; (liftraftion of mind ;
alienation of underftanding ; any violent
paffion approaching to madnefs.

That knave. Ford, hath the fineft mad devil of
jealoufy in him that ever governed y"«/ray. Shakeff.

True fortitude is feen in great exploits.
That juflicc warrants, and that wifdom guides ;
All elfe is touT\nffren.!.y and diftraflion. Addifan.
Why fuch a dilpofition of the body induceth fleep,
another diflurbt all the operations of the foul, ai.d
occafions a lethargy or frenxy : this knowledge ex-
ceeds our narrow faculties. Bent.
pRE'ttyENtF.. ft. f. [frequence, French,
frequetttia, Latin.] Crowd; concoutfe;
aflembly.

The frequence of degree.
From high to low throughout. Shakeff. Tiam.

He, in iv^\ frequence bright
Of angels, thus to Gabriel fmiling fpake. Miltor.
Fre'cjuency. n.f. [frcquentia, I^atin.]

1 . Common occurrence ; the condition of
being often feen or done.

Should a miracle be indulged to one, others wauld
think themfelves equally iniitled to it ; and if in-
dulged to many, it would no longer have the efte^
of a miracle: its force and influence would be loft
by ihtfrtjuency of it. Attrrbury,

2. Concourfe ; full aflembly.

Thou cam'ft ere while into this fenate: who
Of fuch nfre^ue/tcyy fo many friends
And kindred thou haft here, fatutcd thee ? henyinf.
FRE'QUENT. adj. [frequent,YKnc\i; fie.
quern, Latin]

1. Often done; often feen; often occur-
ring.

tht frequenter thefe times are,, the better.

Duly of Man,
An ancient and imperial city falls;
Thi ftreets arc (ill'd vi\{\i frequent funerals. Drydm.
Frequent herfes (hall beiiege your gates. Pipe.

2. Ufed often to praftife any thing.

The Chriftians of the firft times were generally
frequent in the pra<£ti«e of it. Duty of Man.

Every man thinks he may pretend to any employ-
ment, provided he has been loud ini frequent in de-
claring himfelf hearty for the government. Sivift.

3. Full of concourfe.

Frequent and full. AJiltetn^

To Freque'nt. -v. a, [frtquento,\Mm;

frequenter, Fiench.] To vifit often.; to

be much in any place ; to refort often Xo,

They in latter day.
Finding in it fit ports for filhers trade,
'Can more the (mx frequent, and further to invadft

Sfenfer.

There were fynagogues for men to refort unto ;

our Saviour hinnfelf and the Afoities frequented them.

Hooker,.-
This fellow here, this thy creature.
By miht frequents my houle. Shakeff. timcn.

At that time this land was known i^ijrequenjed
by the (hips and vclfels. Bacon..

With tears
Waiving the ground, and with our (ighs the air
Frequenting, fent (irom hearts contrite, in (ign
Oflorrow unfeign'd, and humiliation meek. Milton.

To ferve my friends, the fenate I frequent^
And there what I before digefted, vent. Dtnbam.
That he frequented the court of Auguflus, and
was well received in it, is molt undoubted. Drydm.

Freque'.ntabi.e. adj. [from frequenl.]
Converfable ; acceflible. A word not now
ufed, but not inelegant.

While youth lafted in him, the exercifcs of that
age and his humour not yet fully difcovered, made
him fomewhatthe mon frequentailc iai lefs dan-
gerous. Sidney.

Freque'ntative. adj. [frequentatif, Fr.
frequenlativtu, Latin.] A grammatical
term applied to verbs fignifying the fre-
quent repetition of an aftion.

Fk£(^e'nt£>«

F R E

F»E(yJE'.VTIR, »./. [Uom frequent.'] One
who often reforts to iny place.

Pcrfons under b^d imputations are uo grcat_/V^-

ya<««rx of churches. Stvi/i.

Fr e'qjjently. adzi. [frejuett.'er, Latin, j

Often ; commonly ; not rarely ; not fel-

dom ; a confiderable naiaber of times ;

manifold times.

I could not Without much grief; obferve how

frcijuintly both genikmen and ladies are at a lofs for

quellions and aiLvcrs. Stuift,

FRE'SCO. n.f. [Italian.]

1. Coolnefs; ihade; dulkinefs, like that of
theev'.ening or morning.

Helliih Iprites
Love more the/ri/fo of the nights. Prhr.

2. _A piclure not drawn in glaring light, but
in duik.

Here thj weil-ftndy'J marbles fix our eye";
A iiimi/refco here demands a (igh. ' Pope.

FRESH, adj. [pnerc. Saxon; frai/che, Fr.

1. Cool; not vapid with heat.

I'll cull the farthtit mead for thy repaftj
The choiccft herbs 1 to thy board wiU bring.
And draw tliy waur froai <t«frcjhijt fpriog. Pilar.

2. Not fait.

They keep ihemfelves unmitt with the fait water;

fo that, a very great way within tlie fea, men may

take up is/rryb water as if they were near the land.

-fliid'i Dtjc. of the lyoiU.

3. New ; not had before.

No borrowed bays his temples did adorn.
But to our crown he didyV^i jewels bring Drydm.

4. New ; not impaired by time.

This (ccond fource of men, while yet but few.
And while the dread of judgment pali lemains
Frrjh in their minis, fearing the IX-ity,
With fome regard 10 what is jull and right.
Shall lead their lires. Milinn'i Paradif LoJI.

Thai love which hrft was fet, will lirll decay ;
Mine of if^r date will longer Hay. Drydm.

5. In a ftate like that of recentnefs.

We Will revive thofe limes, and in our memories
Preiisrvc and Hill \ucffre/h, like flowers in waters.

Dcnham.
With fuch a care
As rofes from their ftalks we tear.
When we would ftill prefcrve ihem new,
Atkifr'Jh as on the bufh ihey grew, If'allcr.

Thou fun, faid I, fair light !
And ihou enlighten'd earth, fo/r,J6 and gay I Mill.

Tiiink not, 'caufe men flatl'ring fay,
"V'mfrtjl as April, fweet as May,
Bright as is the morning liar.
That you are fo. Carixu.

6. Recent ; newly come.

Amidtl the fpirits Palinurus prefs'd ;
Vei/rr/& Jrom life, a new admitted gueft. DryJex.

l-»Jl> from the faO, as in the prefcnt cafe,
The criminals aie fcia'd upon the place;
SlifF in denial, as the law appoints.
On engines iheydiftend their tortur'd joints. Dryd.

7. Repaired from any lofs or diminution.

Nor lies (he long; but as her fates ordain.
Springs up 10 life, wifrejh to fecond pain;
Is fav'd to-day, to-morrow to be fliia. Dryden. ,

%. Florid; vigorous; cheerful; unfaded';
unimpaired.

This pope is decrepid, and the bell goelh for him :
take order that when he is dead there be chofen a
pope oifejh years, between fifty and threcfcore.

Bacon' t Hdy IVjr.
Two fwains
Frejb as the mom, and as the feafon fair.

5. Healthy in countenance ; ruddy.

Tell me

Haft thou beheld ifrejhtr gentlewoman.
Such war of white and red within her cheeks >

. . , ^ Sbakefpeare.

It IS no rare obfervalion in England to fee ifrrjh
eoloored lufty young man yoked to a confumptive
female, and him foon after attending hei to her
I""' liirvry inCjnfutr.pihm.

\

Pope.

FR E

They reprefent to themfelves a thoufand poor, lall,
innocent,/rf^ coloured young gentlemen. Addifr.

10. Briik; ftrong; vigorous.

As Tifrrjh gale of wind tills the fails of a (liip.

Holder.

1 1 . Falling : oppofed to eating or drinking.
A low word.

12. Sweet : oppofed to Hale or ftinking.
Fresh, n.f. Water not fait.

He (hall drink nought but brine; for I'll not (hew
him
Where the quick frijhes are. Sbakefp. "Tcmprjl.

To Fre'shen. -v. a. [fiomfre/^.] To make
frefh.

Prccluiive drops let all their moifture flow
In large etfulion o'er the f re/hen' d world. Thomfn
To Fre'shen. v. n. To grow frefli.

Kfrrjhening breeze the magick power fupply'd,
While the wing'd velTel flew along the tide. Pope.

Fre'shet. v.f. [from/r5<&.] A pool of

frefli water.

All (i(h from fea or Ihorc,

/V</iff or purling brook, or ihell or lin. Milton,
Fre'shly. adv. \hoxn freJb.'X

1. Coolly.

2. Newly ; in the former flate renewed.

The weeds of herefy being grown unto fuch ripenefs
as that was, do, even in the very cutting down, fcat-
ter oftentimes thofe feeds which for a while lie un-
fecn and buried in the earth ; but afterwards yViyi/i
fpring up again, no lefs peroitious than at the (irlt.

Hooker,
Then (hall our names.
Familiar in their moutli as houlliold words,
B; in their flowing iLnfn fc/hly remember'd. Sbak.
Tlity are now frejhly m difkrencc with them.

Bacon.

3. With a healthy look ; ruddily.

Looks he ts frejhly as he did the day he wreftled?

ahakejp,

F R E 's H N E ss . ». / [ from frcfb.'y

1 . Newnefs ; vigour ; fpirit ; th(
to vapidnefs.

Moft odours fmell bcft broken or crulhed ; but
flowers prelfcd or beaten, do lofe the frtjhncfi and
fweetnefs of their odour. Bacun,

2. Freedom from diminution by time ; not
ftalenefs.

For the conftant_/rf/5»^ of if , it is fuch a pica-
fure as can never cloy or overwork the mind ; lor
furely no man was ever weary of thinking, that he
h.id done well or virtuoully. Soutb.

3. Freedom from fatigue; newnefs of
ftrength.

The Scots bad thcadvant.ige both for nnmber and
fijineft of men. Haynard.

4. Coolnefs.

There are fome rooms in Italy and Spain (or fre/h-
ni/i, and gathering the winds and air in the heats of
Summer; but they be but penniiigj of the wiiuls,
and enlarging ihem again, and making them re-
verberate in circles. Baoon,

Say, if (he pleafe, (he hither may repair.
And breathe theyi f//.»-y> of the open .lir. Dryden,

She laid her down to reft,
And to the winds expos'd her glowing breaft.
To take tht fejhnrfi of the morning air. Addifon.

5. Ruddinefs; colour of health.

The Iccret venom, circlirig in her veins.
Works through her (kin, and burlts in bloatirg ftains ;
Her cheeks lheir/rf/X«</j lofe and wonted (jracc.
And an unufua! palenefs fpreads her face. Qranvillt.

d. Freedom from faltnefs.

Freshwa'ter. [.a compound word of/r</J
and 'water, ufed as an adjeftivc.] Raw ;
unlkilled ; unacquainied. A low term
borrowed from the Tailors, whoftigmatife
thofe who come firft to fea as frejituaier
men, or novices.

Thofe nobility, as/rt/Z-U'fl/wfoIdiers which had
never itcn but fome light (kirmiCics, in their vain
bravwy nade light account of llie Turks, KmUet.

he contrary

F R E

FRET. «. /. [Of this word the etymo-
logy is very doubtful : fome derive it
from pjietan, to eat; others from ppetpan.
to adorn; -fome from ffiWo; Skinner
more probably from fremo, or the French
fretiller: perhaps it comes immediately
from the 'L^lmfretum.']
\. A frith, orftrait of the fea, where the
water by confinement is always rough.

Euiipus generally (ignifieth any ftrait,/m, or chan-
nel of the fea, running between two (hores. Bro-wr.
2. Any agitation of liqueurs by fermenta-
tion, confinement, or other caufe.

Of this river the furface is covered with froth and
bubbles ; for it runs along upon the fei, and is lUIl
breaking agaiiift the ftones that oppol'e its palTage.

Addifou on Italy.

The blood in a fever, if well governed, like wine

upon the fct difchargeth ilfelf of heterogeneous

mixtures. Derbam.

5. Thatftopofthemuficalinftrumentwhich^
ciufes or regulates the vibrations of tho'
iking.

It requireth good winding of a (Iring before it will
make any note; and, in the tops of lutes, the higher
they go, the lefs diltance is between the/rrtr. Baton.

The harp
Had work, and relted not : the folemn pipe
.\ai dulcimer, all organs of fweet (lop.
All founds on fret by ftring or golden wire,
Tcmper'd foft tunings,. inicrmix'd with voice
Choral or unifon. Milton's Paradife Lojil

'I'liey«re fitted to anfwer the moll valuable har-
mony : two or three pipes to -..II thole of a church-
organ, or to all the itrings and_/if/j of a l«ie.

Grttu's Cofmohg. Sac,.

4. Work rifing in protuberances.

The/re/r of houfes, and all equal figures, pleafe ;
whereas unequal figures are but delormities. Bacon.

We take delight in a profpeft well laid out, and
diverlilied with fields and meadows, woods and ri-
vers, in the curious/) fr works of rocks and grottos.

SpeStator.

5. Agitation of the mind; commotion of
temper ; paflion.

Calmnefs is great aJ.vantage : lie that lets
Another chafe, may warm him at his lire,

Mark all his wand'rings, andeiijoy Wtsftts
As cunning fencers fuffer heat to tire. Herbert,.

The incredulous Pheac, having yet
Drank but one round, reply'J in foberyVf/. Tate,

You, too weak, the (lightelt lofs lo bear.
Are on thcyjw of pallion,, boil and rage. Creech.

Yet then did Dennis rave in furious yV*-/ ;.
1 never anfwer'd, I was not in debt. Pope.

To Fret. v. a. [from the noun.]

1 . To agitate violently by external impulfc
or adion.

You may as well forbid the mountain pines
To wag iheir high tops, and to make a noife
When they »ie fretted with the gulls of heav'n.

Shakefpcart.

2. To wear away by rubbing.

Drop them Hill upon one place.
Till they \ii\c fretted us a pair of graves
Within the earth. Shakejp. RichardU..

In the banks of rivers, with tlie wafhing of the
water, there were divers timts fretted out big pieces
of E"W- Aiiof.

Belore I ground the objefl metal on the pitch, I
always ground the putty on it with the concave copper,
'till it had ion: making a noife; becaufe, if the par-
ticles of the putty were not made to (litk faft in the
pitch, ihey would, byroUing up and down, grate and.
fret the objedt metal, and till it full of little holes.

Ne-wlon's Optickt.

3. To hurt. by attrition.

Antony
Is valiant and dejedled ; and, by (larts,
His fretted tor'.intes gave him hope and fear
Of what he has and has not. A'i.ji. Ant. and Cleop, .

4. To corrode ; to eat away.

It is//rt inwaidi whether it be bare within or
w'thoul, irw. xiii. 55.

Tiie

'F R E

- Tk« paitofut hufluni), plowing up his ground,
Shall find all/r« with tuft, both pikss and ftields,
And empty helms under his harrow found. Haknv.

5. To form inro ratfi-d work.

Nor did there want
Cornice or freeze, with boiTy Iculpturesgrav'n j
The reol was yif/Zfi/ gold. Milian's Paradife Lajl.

6, To variegate ; to diverfify.

Yon grey lines,
That_/rrt the clouds, are mcffcngerj of day. Siak.
■J. To make angry ; to vex.

The better part with Mary and with Ruth
Chofen thou haft; and they that over-ween.
And at thy growing \\nMsfrel their fplcen.

No anger find in thee, but pity and truth. Milion.
Becaufe thou hiAJ'titlttl me in all thefe things,
behold 1 will recompencc thy way upon thine head.

Exek. zvi. 43.

Such an expeflation, cries one, will never come

topafs: therefore I'll even give it up, and go and

fret myfelf. Callier.

Injuries from friendsyVrt and gall more, and the

memory of them is not lo eafily obliterated. Arbutb.

fo Fret. i». ».

I. To be in commotion ; to be agitated.

No benefits whatfoever (hall ever alter or allay that
diabolical rancour that frtU and ferments in fome
hellilh brealls, but that it will foam out in flander
and inveclive. South.

Th' adjoining brook, that purls along.
The vocal grove, now fnitiig o'er a rock.
Now fcarcely moving through a reedy pool, fbomf.

J. To be worn away ; to be corroded.

Take a piece of glovers leather that is very thin,
and put your gold therein, with fal armoniack, bind-
ing itclofc, and then hang it up: the fal armoniack
will /r^r away, and the gold remain behind. Peach,

J. To make way by attrition or corrofion.

Thefe do but indeed fcrape off the exuberances,
or fret into the wood, and therefore they are very
feldom ufcd to foft wood. Aloxon.

It inflamed and fwelled very much ; many wheals
arofe, and JrUted one into another with great exco-
riation. _ Wifeman.

4. To 'be angry; to be peevifh; to vex
himfelf.

They trouble themfelves mUtfretiwg at the igno-
rance of fuch as withiland tiiem in their opinion.

Hooker,
We are in i fretting mind at the church of Rome,
and with angry difpolition enter into cogitation.

Hooker,
Helplefs, what may it boot
To fret for anger, or for grief to moan ! Fjiry Slu,

Their wcunded fteeds
Fret fetlock deep in gore, and with wild rage
Yeik out their armed heels at their dead mailers.

Shakefp. Henry V.
Be rioD-mcttledt proud, and take no care
Who chafes, vihofrett, or where confpirers are.

Xiakr/f>. Macbeth.
His hcart,y>c//e/i againft the Lord. T'rcv. xix. 3.
Hudibras_/r«r;'wjf
Conqueft (hould be fo long a getting.
Drew up his force. Huiilrat.

He fwells with wrath, he makes outrageous moan,
Ht frets, he fumes, he flares, he ftamps the ground.

Dryden.
How fbould \fret to mangle ev'ry line.
In rev'rence to the fins of thirty- nine. tope.

Fre'tf u \..adj. [from/re/.] Angry; peevifh;
in a ftate ot vexation.

Thy knotty and combined locks to part,
And each particular hair to ftand on end,
'Like quills upon theyr^^w/ porcupine. Shakefp,

Where's the ki'ig?
— Contending with \.\\z fretful elements j
Bids the wind blow the emih into the fea. Shakeff.

They are mnmt\'j fretful and pecvrlh, never well
at refli but always calling for this or that, or chang-
ing their polkure of lyin^ ot fitting. Harvey.

Are you pofitive uti fretful?
Hecdieli, ignorant, forgetful ? Sxvifl,

Fre'tfui ly. aiiv. [trom/>r//'«/.]Pcevifhly.
Eke'tfo LNEss. H. f. [from //(■{/*■/.] Paf-
£011 j pecvidmcfs.

FR 1

Fre'tty. aJI. [itotofret.l Adorned with
raifed work.

Friabi'lity. »./ [^rom fiialli.'] Capa-
city of being eafily reduced to powder.

Hardnefs, friability, and power lo draw iron, are

qualities to be found in a loadfloiie. Ijocke.

FKI'ABLE. adj. \Jriable, French ; fnabilis,

Latin.] Eauly crumbled ; eafily reduced

to powder.

A fpongy cxcrefcence groweth upon the roots of
the lafer-tree, and fometimes on cedar, very white,
light, ii\i friable, which we call agarick. Bacon.

The liver, of all the vifcera, is the titoH friable,
and eafily crumbled or difiToIved. Arbutbnot on Diet.

FRl'AR. »./. [A corruption of /rifr*', Fr.]
A religious ; a brother of fome regular
order.

Holy Francifcanyr/ar .' brother! ho! Shakefp.

All the priefts zai friars in my realm,
Shalt in procelfion fing her endlefs praife. Sbakejp.

He's but i friar, but he's big enough lo be a
pope. Dryden.

Many jefuits Mii friars went about, in the dif-
guife of Pielbyterian and Independant minifters, to
preach up rebellion. Sivift.

A friar would need (hew bis talent in Latin.

Siuift.

Fri'arlike. fli//. [from/r;V7r.] Monaftick;
unlkilled in the world.

Their friarlike general would the next day make
one holyday in the Chrillian calendars, in remem-
brance of thirty thoufand Hungarian martyrs (lain
of the Turks. Knolles.

Fri'arly. atij. [friar and like.'] Like a
friar, or man untaught in life.

Seek not proud riches, but fuch as thou may'll
get juftly, ufe foberly, diftribute cheerfully, and leave
contentedly; yet have no abftraft nor friar ly con-
tempt of them. Bacon's Ej/ays.
Fri'arscowl. ».y; [friar znA ctTMl.l A
plant. It agrees with arum, from which
It differs only in having a flower refem-
bling a cowl.
Fri'ary. n.f. [itom friar.'] A monaftery

or convent of friars.
Fri'ary. adj. Like a friar.

Francis Cornfield did fciatch his elbow when he had
fweetly invented to fignify his name, St. Francis,
with ifriary coviX in a corn field. Camden's Rem.

To FRrBBLE, 'v. n. To trifle.

Though cheats, yet more intelligible
Than thofe that willi the ftars iafribble. Hudibras.

Fribbler. ». f. [from the verb.] A
trifler.

A fribbler is one who profelTes rapture for the wo-
man, and dreads her confent. SpeEiator.

FRICASSE'E. n.f. [French.] A dilh 5^e
by cutting chickens or other fmall things
in pieces, and drefling them with ftrong
fauce.

Oh, how would Homer praife their dancing dogs.
Their (linking chcefe, and/i/Vtfry of frogs I
He'd raifc no fables, fii!g no flagrant lye.
Of boys with cuflard choak'd at Newberry. King.

Frica'i ION. n.f. [fricatlo, Latin.] The
aft of rubbing one thing againfl another.

Gcnt\tf rication draweth forth the nourilhment,
by making the parts a little hungry, and heating
them: ihisfrication I wifh to be dorw in the morn-
ing. Bacon's Natural llijlorf.

Rcfinous or un^uous bodies, and fuch as will
flame, attrad vigoroully, and molt "hereof without
ftication, as good hard wax, which will convert the
needle almoflas adfively as the loadllone. Brown.

Fri'ction. n.f. [friQim. Yt.friQio, from

frico, Latin.]
1 . 1 he aft of rubbing two bodies together.

Do not all bodies which abound with tcrrelh'iil

farts, and cfpecially with fulphurcous ones, emit 1
ight as ofteB m Uiofc parti .ire fulficieuily agitated,

F R I

whether the agitation be made by heat, fiiBion,
percuflion, putrefaiUon, or by any vital motion ?

Newton's Ofiicks.

2. The refiflance in machines caufed by the
motion of one body upon another.

3. Medical rubbing witii the flefhbrufli or
cloaths.

Fri&ions make the parts more flefhy and full, as
we fee both in men and in the currying of horfes;
for that they draw a greater quantity of fpitits to
the parts. Bacon,

Friday. »./. [ppiS* &ae5.. Saxon.] Thp
fixth day of the week, fo named of Freya^
a Saxon deity.

An' (he were not kin to me, (he would be as fair
on Friday as Helen is on Sunday. Shakefp.

For Venus, like her day, will change her cheer.
And feldom (hall we fee a Friday clear. Dryden.

FRIEND, n.f. ["vriend, Dutch; ppeonb,
Saxon.] This word, with its derivatives,
is pronounced fre»d,freBtily ; the / totally
neglefted.

1. One joined to another in mutual benevo-
lence and intimacy : oppofed to foe or
enemy.

Friends of my foul, you twain
Rule in this realm, and the gor'd ftate fuftain.

Sbaie/p.

Some man is a friend for his own occafion, and

will not abide in the day of thy trouble. Ecc. vi. 8.

God's benifon go with you, and with thofe
That would make good of bad, And friends of (bes.

Siaiejp.
Wonder not to f<:c this foul extend
The bounds, and fcek fome other felf, a frisnd.

Dryden.

2. One without hoftile intentions.

Who comes fo fall in lileuce of the night?
- — K friend.
— V^hit friend f your name .> Shakefp',

3. One reconciled to another: this is put
by the cuftom of the laiigL;age foraewhat
irregularly in the plural number.

Ht'i-friends with CsBfar,
In (late of health thou fay'll, and thou fay'll free.

Shakefp.
My fon came then into my mind ; and yet my
mind
Was then fcarce friends with him. Shakefp,

If (he repent, and would make me amends.
Bid her but fend me hers, and we unfriends. Carnu.

4. An attendant or companion.

The king ordains their entrance, and afcends
His regal feat, furrounded by \us friends. Dryden.
J. Favourer; one propitious.

Aurora riding upon Pegafus, (heweth her fwift-
ncfs, and how (lie is z friend to poetiy a:;d all. in-
genious inventions. Peacbam.

6. A familiar compellation.

Friend, how camcft thou in hither? Mat. xxxii. 12.

What fupports me, do'll thou aik?
The confcienceiyr/VW, t' have 1611 mine eyes o'er-

ply'd
In liberty's defence. Milton.

To Friend, "v. a, [from the noon.] To
favour; to befriend; to countenance ; to
fupport.

1 know that we (hall have him well to friend.

Sbakejpeare.
When vice makes mercy, mercy's fo extended.
That, for the fault's love, is th' ontnitt friended.

Shakefp.

Fri'ended. aiij. Well difpofed ; inclined
to love.

Notfriendrd by his wi(h to your high perfon.
His will is moil malignant, and it llrelches
Beyond you to your friends. Shakefpeare.

Fri'endi.ess. adj. [fromy/veW.]
I. Wanting friends; wanting fupport; with-
out countenance; dellitute; toilorn.
A. as ! I am a ytosxin, frieiidlefs, hopclefs.

Sbak.HtnrjVVn.
Wat

/

F R r

Woe to him that is alone, is verified upon none fo
much as upon (htfr!md/r/i i-erfon. South.

To lomc new clime, or • ■ thy native (ky,
Ofafnemilefs and iorfaken virtue Hy. Dryden.

To what new clime, what diltant (kv,
Eo^faken,/i-/cW/,^, will ye fly? ' Pope.

t. Friendless Afflw. The Saxon word for
l^im whom we call an outlaw, becaufe he
was. upon his excljfion from the king's
peace and proteaion, denied all help of
friends,
Fri'endliness. »./. [from frieiiJ/j:]

1. A difpoCtion to friendlhip.

Such a iikiig and fritndlimj, as hath btought
forth th.efr=a3 -^ sUncy.

2. txertion of beRevolence.

Ltt al! the intervals be employed in prayers, cyii-
nt)-,friexdlit!efi and neighbourhood, and means of
fpmtual and corporal health. TayLr

Fri'£NDly. adj. [(romfrifnd.]
I. Having the temper and difpoCtion of a
friend; kind; favoiirable; benevolent.

They gjTt tlicm thanki, deCring them to be
fntndly iKli unto them. 2 A/ar. lii. 31.

Thou to mankind
Be good, and/KW/yiliU, and oft return ! Milion.

H.iw art thou
To me KafrUnily grown above the reft
O:^ brjial kind i Miliar'! Paradlft Lofi.

Let the N..ffau-ftar in rlfing majclky appear.
And guide the profp'/ius miriner
With everh'ttioi bejnu ai friendly light. Prim.

2. Difpofcd to union ; amicable.

V\V.t friendly colouri found our hearti unite,
And each frjin each contraft newftrcqgth and light.

J.'^alatary; HcmigeneaF.

Not that Nefcn he, which the wifeofThone
In Eg>plg TO tj jjve-iiorn Helena,
1» of fucii pow:r to ftir up joy ai this.
To life (ojricndy, or (a cool to thirft. .;i/,V/o»r.

til ENDLY. ad-v. [n the rasnner of friends ;
with appearance of kindnefs; amicably,

Hsp- between the armies.
Let's drink togeh^r/aWy/y, and embrace j
That all their eyes may bear ihofe tokens home
01 our relbreo Jove and amity. Shakijp. Hen. IV.
Frii'ndship. »./ [-c;r/V»^ra/, Dutch.]

1. T*-e (late of minds united by mutual
benevolence ; amity.

There is hu\t friendjhif in the world, and leaft
OT all between eouals, which was wont to be mag-
fiified : that ihai'is, i> between fuper.or and inferior,
whofc fortunes may comprehend the one the other.

u I- , Bacon.

He lived rather m a fair intelligence than any
frlendjhtp with the favourites. Clarendon

2. Highcft degree of intimacy.

My fons, let your unfeemly difcj'rd ceafe,
If not laJriendjLif, live at leaft in peace. Dryden.

3. Favour ; perfonal kindnefj.

\hifriendjh,fi, ftill to fcwconfin'd.
Were alvirays ot the middling kind. Sv/ifi.

c ."^^.V^P"'"* ^re ufjally fcnt only preferred by
Jnindjhlp, and not chofen by fufficlency. Spenfer.

4. Affiftance; help.

Gracious, my lord, hard-by here is a hovel :
^Mmtfrundjhif wiU it lend you 'gainll >he temped;
Repofe you there. SbAeff. King Lar.

5. Conformity; aiEnity; correfpondence ;
aptnefs to unite.

We know Ihofe colour* which hirttfrlend/blp
with each other, and thofe which are incompa^ble,
in mixing together thofe colour, of which we would

FRrtVp r rj . Oryden' . Duf'I'.y .

l-KJtZE. ;,./. \drap de frife, French.] A
coarfe warm cloth, made perhaps firft in
Friejtand.

If all the world
Would in a pet of temperance feed on pulfe,
-ru""!!, "'"' '*"""'• '"'' """■'"B *"' \>Mfrit:^,

Ihe AU-givu would be unthank'd. MiliJ

I

F R I

The captive Germans of gigantick fize,
Are rank'd in order, and are cUd inf^iiTie. Dryden

He could no more live without \\h frieze coat than
without his (kin. Addifin', Guardian.

S>ee how the double nation lies.
Like a rich coat with (kirts of/r;Vze;
As It a mail, in making oofies.
Should bundle thiftles up'with rofes. S-wifi

Frieze. J «.y; [In architefture.] A large

TRizE. J flat member which feparates the

architrave from the cornice ; of which

there are as many kinds as there are orders

of columns. j^^^^-^

Nojntting//-,ra^,
Buttrice, norcoigneof 'vantage, but this bird
Hath made his pendant-bed, and procreant cradle.

Nor did there want
Cornice or/r/M, wiih bolTy fculptures grav'n ;
The roof was fretted gold. M.lton's Paradife Loll.
I'olydore defigned admirably well, as to the prac-
tical part, having a particular genius forfriixex,
f I Dryden'i Dnfrefnov.

Fr.ezed. fly,-, [from /W^«.] Shagged or

napped with frieze.
Fri'ezelike. adj. [frieze and like.} Re-

femblmg a frieze,

I have feen the figure of Thalia, the comick
jnu e. fometimes ivith an entire headpiece and a
iMleJrie^lUe tower, running round the edges of
the face, and romelimes with a mafk for the face

-"V- Addf^nonlulv.

Fricat. ,,/. [frigatt. Yxach; fregaia,
Italian.]

1. A fmall (hip. Ships under fifty guns are
generally termed /),;fa//.

The treafure they fought for was, in their view,
embezzled m certain/. v^jri. Raleigh', Ap^lory.

Beneath whofe (hades our humble/r,ga/r go.

2. Any fmall velTel on the water.

Behold the water work and play
About her little/n/i/, therein making way.
P , Fairy Sueen.

MiCErA'cTioN. n. f. [frig,,, inA fach,

Latin.] The a(rt of making cold.
Ta FRIGHT. 'V. a. [pnijj^an, Saxon. 1
To terrify; to difturb with fear; to
(hock with fear; to tlaunt; to difmay.
T his was in the old authors more fre-
quently written afrigh,, a« it is always
found m the Scripture.

The herxls
Were ftrongly clam'rous in the/r;;fiW fields.

Shakefp. HenrylV.*
Such a numerous hoft
Red not in filente through tht frighted deep.
With ruin upon ruin, rout on roul,
Coiifufion worfe confounded. Milton.

Cherubic watch, and of a fword the flame
Wide-waving, all approach tar oH to fight
And guard all paffage to the iree of life. Milt.n

.J^''' "'■' °' ^^"i" an fright a brave fpirit,
With innocence guarded,
With virtue rewarded,

1 makeof my fufrerings a merit. DryJenUAli.

itie minifrighti itfcif with anv thin» refiedcd

on in grofs, and at a diftance : things thus olTcred

to the mind, carry the (hew of nothing but difficultv .

Whence glaring oft »tih many a bnaden'd orb,
Htjrighu the nations. Thomfon', Antumn.

I-RICHT. «. /. [from the verb.] A fudden
terrour.

You, if your goodntfs does not plead my caufe.
May think I broke all hofpiuble laws.
To bear you fr«m your palace-yard by might.
And put jour noble perlbn in i fright. Dryden

ToFri'ohtew.o;. <i. Toterrify; to (hock
with dread.

The rugged bear's, or fpolted lynx's brood,
Frighten tht valleys and ialeft tJie wood. frior.

F R I

FRj't;nTFtTL. o^-. [from frtg/,1.]

1. Terrible; dreadful; full of terrour.

Tetchy aiid wayward was thy infancy,
Tliy fchooHays/r,;f*/>/, defp'rate, wild, and fu,
nous. CA 1 /v

Without aid you durft not undertake "

Th^s frightful paflage o'er the Stygian lake. DryJ

2. A cant word among women for any thine
unpleafing. ^

Frightfully, adv. [from frij^itfuU
I. Dreadfully; horribly. "^ ^ -^ ■'
This will make a piodigious mafs of wafer, and
looksyr,jw/«//y tothe imagination; 'tis huge anS

z. Difagreeably ; not beautifully. A wo-
man's word.

Then to her glafs ; and Belt}', pray,
Don 't I look frightfully to-day ? Sti'ifi

Fri GHTFULNESS. „. /. [from frightful .V

J he power of I mpreffing terrour. 1
FRI'GID. adj. [frigidtts.Utm.]

1. Cold; wanting Warmth. In this fenfc
It IS feldom ufed but in fcicnce.

In the torrid zone the heat would h.ive been in- '
tolerable, and in the frigid zones the cold would
have dertroyed both animals and vegetables.
„, . . Chi'y,:e'sPhU.Prir.c.

2. Wanting warmth of affection.

3. Impotent; without warmth of body..

4. Dull; without (ire of fancy..
If Juftiee Phillip's coftive he,id

SomefrigiJ rhymes di(burfes.

They Ihall like Perfian tales be read,
And gl.id both ba^cs and nurfes. S-wiff

Frigi'dity. «.y; [frigidiias, Latin.]

1. Coldnefs; want of warmth.

2. Dulnefs; want of intellcftual fire.

Driving at ihcfe as at the highcft elegancies, which
are but the frigidities of wit. BroTx.;,'s l^ulg. Err

Of the two extremes, one would fooner pardoA
phrcnzy ih-in frigidity. Pope

3. Want of corporeal warmth.

The boiling blood of youth hinders that ftrcnity
which IS neceflfary to fevere intenfenefs; and the
frigidity of decrepit age is as much its enemy, by
rcdlon of Its dulling moifture. Glanville', See/.

Coldnefs of aSl-ftion.

Fri'cidly. ad-.;, [from fng/d.] Coldly;

dully; without a(R;ftion.
Fri'oidness. ». / [from ftigt.-/.] Cold-
nefs; dulnefs; want of afiei^ion.
Frigori'fick. ndj. [frigonfcus.fri^tts and
faao, Lat,] Cauling cold. A word ufcd
in fcience,

Frigorifck atoms or- particles mean thofe nitrous
(alls which float in the air in cold weather, and oc-
cafion freezing. ^„;,^^_

To Frill, 'v. a. [friUeux, French.] To
quake or fiiiver with cold. Ufed of a
hawk ; as the \\,\wk frills. Disi.

^^L-'^^u^' "'■^' [/'W"' Italian ;y;a»f/,

irench,] Ornamental appendages added

to drefs or furnriure It is in converfa-

tion ufed of loofeand feparate threads.

Thofe offic-s and liignities were but the facings or

f"?S" of hi' Br^-tntfs. «'„„„,

I he i;oldcnyr,„^f ev'n fct the ground on flame,
Aiid drew a precious trail. Vryd. F!;-wtr and Leaf .
i he (hadov, , of all bodies, in this light, were bor-
dered with three parallel/n>,jf„, or banas of coloured
light, v-hcreof that which -vas contiguous to the
(hadow was broadeH and mod luminous ; and that
which was remotell from it was narrowed, and fo
faint as not eafily to be vifiblc. Nrtvlon's Opt.

To Fringe, i-. a. [from the noun.] To
adorn with fringes; to Uctorate with or.
namental appendages.

Either fide of the bank,/-m^,</with rooft beauri-
ful trees, reliUed the fun'i daru. Sidmv

Of

F R I

©f-filvtr wings he took • (hining ptlfi
^riKgeJ with gold. Fairfax.

Here, by the facred bramWe ting'd,
My petticoat is doubly/' ;«g'i/. Sviifi.

Fri'pperer. »./. [from fiippier, French.]
One who deals in old things vamped np.

Frj'ppery. 71,/. [f>i/:/>erif,VKnchi fnj,.
per. a, Italian.]

I. The place where old cloaths are fold.

We know whit belongs Viafrfpprry. Shakeff.

Lurana is ifripj'i'y of bankrupts, who fly thither

from Druiiia to play iheir altcr-gaine. Howd.

t. Old cloaths ; call drcffes ; tattered rags.

Poor poet ape, ihit would be thought our chief,
Whofc works are ev'n the/iipffry of wit j

From brocage is become fo bold a thief.
As we, the robb'J, leave rage, and pity it.

Beit ■Jon/oa.

The fighting-place now feamens rage fupply,
And all the tackling is i/ripfery. Donne.

Ragfair is a place near the the Tower of London,
w^ere old cloaths 3.\\& frippery are fold. fope.

To FRISK. i». n. [frixzare, Italian.]
I. To leap; to ikip.

Put water into a glafs, and wet your finger, and
draw it round about the lip of the glafs, prefling it
fomewhat hatdj and after drawing it fame few times
about, it will make the wmer fri/i and fprinkle up
in a fine dew. Eicon's Natural Hj/lory.

The fi(h fell ifri/iing in the net. VEJIrange.

Whether every one hath experimented this trou-
blefome intrufion of brmfrijking ideas, which thus
importune the undeiftanding, and hinder it from be-
ing bettercmployed, I know not. Locke.

t. To dance in frolick or gaiety.

Weare as twinn'dlambs,lhat did/<v/!5 i' th* fun,
And bleat the one at the other : what we chang'd,
■Was innocence for innocence; we knew not
Thedoarineof ill-doing. Sbakrfp. IViiiter'i'Tale.

About them frijking play'd
All hearts of th' earth. Alillon's Paradife Loft.

A wanton heifer yri/({i?i/ up and down in a mea-
dow, at eafe and pleafure. L'EJirange.

Watch the quick motions of the fri/king tail,
Then ferve their fury with the rulhingmale. Drydrn.

So Bacchus through the conquer'd Indies rode,
And hearts in limhoXs frijk'd before their honert god.

Dryden.

Oft to the mountains airy tops advanc'd,
^The frijking faiyrs on the fummits danc'd.

Addifon.
Thofe merry blades,
Thitfrijk it under Pindus' (hades. . Prior.

Peg faints at the found of an organ, and yet will
dance iaifriji at the noife of a bagpipe. Arbutbnot.

Sly hunters thus, in Borneo's ifle.
To catch a monkey by a wile,
The mimick animal amufe{
They place before him gloves and (hoes;
Which when the brute puts aukward on.
All his agility is g.-)ne :
In vain wfrijk or climb he tries j
The huntlmen feize the grinning prize. Swift.

Frisk. »./. [from the verb.] A frolick ;

a fit of wanton gaiety.
Fri'sker. «./. [ftom/nji.] A wanton ;

one not conllant or fettled.

Now 1 will wear this, and now I will wear that ;
Now 1 will wear 1 cannot tell what :
AH new fartiions be pleafant to me :
Now I am -ifr'ilker, all men on me look;
What (hould I do but fet cock on the hx)p ?

Camden.

Fri'skiness. a./, [from //"i^.] Gaiety;
livelinefs. A low word.

Fri'skv. adj. \frifquet French; from/r^.]
Gay ; airy. A low word.

Frit. n. f. [among chymifts.] Afhes or
fait baked or fried together with fand.

Dia.

Frith. »./. [fretum, Latin.]

I. A ftrait of the fea where the water be-
ing confined i« rough.

FR I

What defp'rate madman then would venture o'et
Thefriib, or haul his cables from the (hon: i

Dryd, IHrg.
Batavian fleets
Defraud us of the glittering finny fwarms
That heave oar friths, and crowd upon our Ihores.

^hontfnn.

z. A kind of net. I know not whether
this fcnfe be now retained.

The Wear is a frith, reaching through the Ofe,

from the land to low water mark, and having in

it a bunt or cod with an eye hook ; where the filh

entering, upon their coming back with the ebb, are

ftopt from ilTuing out again. Ctretu.

Friti'llary. n. f. [fritillfiire, French.]

A plant. Miller.

Fri'tinancy. »./. [from /i-///»»/o, Latin.]

The fcream of an infeftj as the cricket or

cicada.

The note otfrliinancy thereof is far more fhriU
than that of the locuft, and its life Ihorl.

Broixin's Vulgar Errours.

FRI'TTER. »./. [fri/ure, French,]

1. A fmall piece cut to be fried.

MMSffrilters aud pancakes ynow fee ye make j
Let Slut have one pancake for company fake. TuJ/ir.

2. A fragment ; a fmall piece.

Scefe and putter I have 1 lived to (land in the
taunt of one tlrat maiiesfritleri of Englifli !

Shakifp. Merry Wiveiof JVindfor.
Ifyouftrike a folid body that is brittle, as glafs
or fugar, it breaketh not only where the immediate
force is, but breaketh all about into (hivers, and
fritters; the motion, upon the prelTurc, fearching
all ways, and breaking where it findeth the body
weakeft. Bacon's Natural Hifiory.

The ancient errant knights
Won all their ladies hearts in fights;
And cut whole giants into/r/V'cij,
To put them into amorous twitters. liuJibras.

3. A cheefecake ; a wig. Ainfworth.
To Fri'tter. 'u. a. [from the noun.]

I. To cut meat into fmall pieces to be
fried.

I. To break into fmall particles or frag-
ments.

Joy to great chaos ! let divifion reign !
My racks and tortures foon (hall drive them hence.
Break all their nerves, xni fritter all their fcnfc.

DuHciad,

How prologues into prefaces decay.
And thefe to notes unfritter'd quite away. Pope.

FRI'VOLOUS. ailj. [frivolus, Latin ; fri-
'vole, French.] Slight; trifling; of no
moment.

It is frivtlous to fay we ought not to ufe bad
ceremonies of the church of Rome, and prefume all
fuch bad as it pleafeth themfelves to diflike. Hooker.

Thefe feem very yi'/vo/owf and fruitlefs; for, by
the breach of them, little damage can come to the
commonwealth. Spcrrfir.

She tam'd the brinded lionefs.
And fpotted mountain pard; but fet at nought
The^/ryo/oaxbolt of Cupid. Milton.

Thofe things which now feem/iwo/oaj and flight,
Will be of ferious confequence to you.
When they have made you once ridiculous.

Rofeommon.

All the impeachments in Greece and Rome agreed
in a notion ot being concerned, in point of honour,
to condemn whatever perfon they impeached, how.
ever frivolout the articles, or however weak the
proofs. Swift.

I will not defend any mirtake, and do not think
myfcif obliged to anfwer every/ /V.^/ckj objedlion.

j^rbuthitot,

Fri'volousness. h. /. [from frivolauj.']
W<int of importance; triflingnefs.

Fri'volously. aJ-o: [from /n'voUus.]
Triflingly ; without weight.

TflFRi'zLE, 1). a. [frtfer, Fr.] To curl
in Ihoxt curls like nap of friezcv

FRO

Th' humble (hrub
And bulh, vi'nhfrixJed hair implicit.

' ledii

Miltm.

They/xa/f/ and curled iheir hair with hot irons,

Hakeufiil.
I doff'd my (hoe, and fwear
Therein 1 fpy'd this yellow/»7*/e</ hair. Cay.

FRO. ad-v. [pna, Saxon.]
I. Backward; rcgrefiively. Itisonlyqfed
in oppofition to the word to; to zaA/ro,
backward and forward, to and/rom.

The Carthaginians hiving fpoiled atlSpain, rooted
out all that were atTefted to the Romans; and the
Romans, having recovered that country, did cut oflF
all that favou:ed the Carthaginians t fo betwixt them
both, to and/10, there was fcarce a native Spaniard
left. Spenfer.

As when a heap of gather'd thorns is caft,
Now to, nov/fio, before th' autumnal Waft,
Together clung, it rolls around the field. Pope.

2. It is a contradion of from: not now
ufed.

They turn round like grindleftones.
Which iheydig out fro' the delves.
For their bairns bread, wives, and felvcs. Ben fi^njon.

Frock, n. f. [y>-of, French.]

1 . A drefs ; a coat.

That monrter, cuftom, is angel yet in this.
That tathe ufe of anions fair and good.
He likewife gives ^ frock or livery,
That aptly is put on. Shak'fpeare's Hamlet.

Chalybean temper'd fteel, iai fiock of mail
.•^damantean proof. Milton's Agorijlet.

2. A kind of clofc coat for men.

I rtrip my body of my fhephcrd's/roi-i. DryJen.

3. A kind of gown for children.
Frog. «./ fpposga, Saxon.]

1. A fmall animal with four feet, living^
both by land and water, and placed by
naturalifts among mixed animals, .is par-
taking of bead and fifh ; fa.iious in Homer's
Poem. There is likewife a fmall green
frog that perches on trees, faid to be
venomous.

Poor Tom, that eats the fwimming/rog, the
toad, the tadpole. Shakefp. King Jjar.

Auiier is drawn with a pot or urn, pouring forth
water, with which fhall deicend/'a^j. Piachanu

2. 1 he hollow part of a horfe's hoof.
Fro'gbit. n. f.\ frog wA bit. '\ An herb.

Ainftuorth.
Fro'gfish. »./. [/njjand^.] A kind

of fifh. Aiitfiuorih.

Fro'gcrass. n. f. [frog and grafs.] A

kind of herb.
Fro'glettuce. a./, [frog and lettuce.^

A plant.
Froise. «./. [from the French /Vo^r, as

the pancake is crifped or crimpled in fry-
ing.] A kind of food made by fr}ing

bacon jnclofed in a pancake.
FROLICK. adj. {-vrolijci, Dutch.] Gay;

full of levity ; full of pranks.
We fairies, that do run

By the triple Hecate's team.
From tlic prefence of the fun.

Following daiknefs like a dream.

Now 3Ttj'roiick. Sbakefptart,

Whether, as fome fages fing,

The/o/zV^ wind that breathes the Spring,

Zephyr with Aurora playing,

As he met her once a Maying ;

There on beds of violets blue.

And freih-blown rofes wa(h'd in dew,

Fill'd her with iliee a daughter fair,

So buxom, blithe, and debonnair. Milton.

Who ripe, and frolick oi his full-grown age,

Roving the Ccltick and Ibeiian fields.

At laft betakes him to this ominous wood. Mil'ori,
The gay, the frolick, and the loud. U'ailer.

Fro'lick. n. /. [from the adjefti\>e.] A
wild prankj a flight of whim and levity.

He

FRO

He would le at his/nJlci once again,
AnJ his pretenfions to divinity. Rc/ciiimsn.

Alcibiades having bee« formerly noted for the
like frrjhkt and excur&ns, was immediately ac-
Cufedofihis. Sivift.

While rain depends, the penfivecat gives o'er
Hcry*c/;Vtr, and ptirfucs her tail no more, S-wift.
JeFRo'LiCK. "v. n. [from the noun.] To
play wild pranks ; to play tricks of levity
and gaiety.

Manly fpirit and genius plays not tricks with
words, nwfrnllcki with the caprices of a frothy ima-
jination. Gljoville.

Then to her new love let her go,
And deck her in golden array;
Be tineft at every tinefliow,
\ni frolick it all ihe long day. Roive.

Vsio't.ics.Lr. aJv. [horn fro/id.] Gaily;

wildly.
Fko'licksome. aJj. [from/rfl&i.] Full of

wild gaiety.
Fro'licksomeness.w./. [from/roAV/f/uw^.]

Wildnefs of gaiety ; pranks.
Fro'i.icksomely. adv. Ihom frtlid/ome.]

With wild gaiety.
Faovt. j>rf/:. [^am, Saxon and Scottifti.]
I. Away ; noting privation.

Your flighting Zulcma, this very hour
Vili take ten tjjoufaod Cabje&s/rom your power.

Drj/Jn,
In fetters one the barking porter ty'd.
And took him tremblingyraw fait fov'reign's fide.

Dryden.
ClarilTa drew, with temptinggrace,
A two-edg'd wejfon/nm the IhinJng cafe. Pafr.

Z. Noting reception.

What time would fpaie/romfteelreceivesitsdate.

Poft.

3. Noting proceffion, defcent, or birth.

Thus the hard and rtubborn race of man
.?Viw)< animaied rock and Hinlbigan. Blackmore.
The forg began/row Jove. Drydrn.

Succeeding kings rifc/rc/M ihe happy bed. irmt.

4. Noting tranfiniffion.

The meirengers/i-owi our (tfter and the king. Sbak.

5. Noting abilradion or vacation.

1 Ihall find time
From this enormous ftate, and fceV to gi«
Lofiea their remedies. Shakejffar'i King Lear.

6. With /o following; noting fucceflion.

Thefe motions we mult examine yV»»i bril /» lad,

to find out what was the form of thf earth. Burnri,

He bid her/rarntimc la time be comtortcd, AdiiiJ\

7. Out of; noting emidion.

When the mod high
Eternal Father, /><« hit fecret cloud
Amid'rt, in thunder uiier'd thus his voice. Milton.
Then pierc'd with pain, (be took her haughty

FRO

David celebrates the glory of Go^ from the con- I 24. From hrn^nfh
Gderationof thegreatnefsof hiiwotkl Til!o:fo„. ^I'-'^**'" bencnW.

We licken foon from her contagious care;
Grieve for her forrows, groan for her defpair. frior.
Relaxation from plenitude is cured by fpare diet,
andyijBi any caufe by that which is contrary to it.

Afiutblitt on Aiiments.

Out of.

Sbakrfp.

head,
Si5h'd_from her inward foul, indthui (Vifaid. DryJ.

t. Noting progrcfs from preraifles to infer-
ences.

If an objeftlon be rot remored, the condufion
•f eiperience/rwfl (he linie pad to the time prefenl
will not he .'bundand perlefl. Batin.

This It evident from that high and refined mo-
rality, which (hined forth in fome of the ancient hca-
••l:!"- . South.

g. Noting the place or perfon from whom
a melTage is brought.
The king is coming, and 1 muft fp»ak witir him
frim the bridge.

—How now, flutl!aa, cam'fl ihou/row the bridge '
^ - . abak.Hm.V.

IP, Out of: notmgextraftion.

From hitjh Meonia'i rocky (horcs I came.
Of poor defcent; Acates is my name. AJdifin.

1 1. Bccaufe of. Noting the rcafon or mo-
tive of an atl or cffcft.

You are good, but /rtm a nobler caufe ;
/V»m your own kowJtdje, aot/rm nature "t lawi.

12. Out of. Noting the ground or caufe of
any thing.

By the facred r.idiance of the fun,
Themyfteriesof Hecate, and the night ;
By all the operations of the orbs,
From whom we do exift, and ceafe to be.
Here I difclaim all my paternal care.

They who believe that the praifes which arife
from valour are fuperiour to tliofc which pioceed
from any other virtues, have not confidered. Dry J.
What entertainment can be nh'edfram fo pitilul a
mach'ne > We fee the fucccfs of the battle from the
very beginning. DryJcn.

' fis true from force the ftrongeft title fpringt,
I lher«fore hold from that which fitll made kings.

VryJ,n.

13. Not near to: notmgdiftance.

His regiment lies half a mile at lead
South/j»m the mighty powcrof the king. Slak.

14. Noting reparation or receffion.

To die by thee, were but to die in jell ;
From thee to die.were torture more than death. Si.

Haft thou beheld when from the goal they llart.
The youthful charioteers %viih heaving heart,
Rulhto the race, and, panting, fcarcely bear
Th' extremes of fev'riOi hope and chilling fear,

DryJ. l^irgH.

tj. Noting exemption or deliverance.

From jealoufy's tormenting ftrife,
For ever be thy bofom free'd. Prior,

16. Noting abfcence.

Our father he hath writ, fo hath our filler.
Of diff'rcnces, which I bell thought it fit
To in\'v.trfrcm our home. Sbakeff, King Lear.

17. Noting derivation.

I lay the deep foundationiof a wall
And Er.os, nitn'ifrom me, the city call. DryJcn.

18. Since. Noting diftance from the part.
The flood was not the caufe of mountains, but

there were mountains /iom the creation. Raleigli.
I had, /row my childhood, a wart upon one of

1 he other had been trained up //•»/» his youth
in l^e war of Flanders. Clarendon.

The milk of tyger> wi: his infant food,
Taught/rawt hit tender yean the lalle of blood.

\kl \. r Dryden.

Were there, from all eternity, no rarmotable

aitionsdone 'till about that time? Tilhifon.

19. Contrary to. Not in ufe.

Any thing fo overdone is from the purpof* of
playing; whofe end, both at the firft and now, was
and is to hold, as twere, the mirrour up to mture.

SbakcffearUtLimkt.
Do not believe,
Xiiitfrom the fcnfe of all civility,
I thu« would play and triSc with your reverence

rR o

With whirtwinds/rum Beneath (he tofs'J the fhio.

And bare expos 'd the bottom of the deep. Dryden

An arm aiifesout of Stygian flood.

Wliich, breaking /;6M beneath with bfllowing fovni
Whirls the black waves and rattling Honctan.i.nd.
„ DrydtM.

From hehind. ■

28

25

Sec, to their bufc irftcr'd, earth, ftas.and air.
And joyful ages /;•<;« bebixd, in crowding ranks ip.
, „ ^^"- Dryden.

20. hRoM afar.

Their train proceeding on thtii way,
From fir the town and lofty tow'rs fu'tvey. Dryden.
27. Fro.M high.
Then heav'ns imperious queen (liotdowir/romA/fS,
V- , Dryden,

I'ROM tbePce, Jlerefrom is fuper.luous.
In the necelTaiy differences which aiifc frcm
thcrce, they rather break into fevcral diiifioiis than
joininnnyoncpubiickintei-cll; and from ht?<cehi^c
always rifcii the moft dangerous fadtious, which h i«
ruined tl-.c peace of nations. Clarendon.

29. From ivhence. From ishere Aipcrfluctis.

VVhile future realms hiswand'ringthoughtsdelight.
Hit daily vifion and his dream by night.
Forbidden Thebes appears before liiseyc,
Fion: •whence he fees hit abfenl brother fly. Fote.

30. Fro.M luhere.

/rem •stifre high Ithaca o'erlooks the floodt.
Brown with o'eraiching ftiades and pendent woods.
Us to thefe Ihorcs our filial duty draws. PopeU Odvjl.

31. Yf^O^A. <withrtit. ' "
When the plantation grows to fttength, then it it

time to plant it with women as well as with men,
that it may fpread into generationt, and not he
pierced from •u'ilhout. Bacon.

If native power prevail not, (hall I doubt
To feck for needful fuccour from luitbout. Diyden,

32. Fronh fomctiincs followed by another
prepofition, with its proper cafe.

33. From amidfi.

Thou loo (halt fall by timeor barb'rous foes,
Whofe circling walls the fev'n fam'd hillsenclorc;
And ihou.-^-hofc rival tbw'rs invade the (kie<,
Ani, from ami djl the waves with c^ual glory r

rife,

- 'AJJifoMi

34' fltOM among.

Here had new begun
My wand'ring, had n»f he, who was my guide
Up hitlier/iemaw.M^ the Iftejappcai 'd,
Prefence divine ! Milion't I'aradife Lrf,

35. From beneath.
My worthy wife our arms mifliiil,

hnifrom beneath my head my fwoid convey'd.

Dryden' s Mn.

36. From behind.

There followed him JTCAt mullitudci of peoplt
from Galilee, and frombryond ]axim. Mai. iv. »e.

37. ¥s.OM forth.
Young Aretus, from forth his bridal bow

Vol. I.

Dryden.

Did you draw bonds to forfeit ? Si»n, to break ?
Ot mull we read rou quite/rom what we fpeak.
And Hid the truth out the wrong way ? Donne.

20. Noting remo\aI.

Thrice //»/;: the gro'ind fiie leap'J. Dryden.

21. From is ler)' fre«[ucntly joined by an
ellipfn with adverbs : as,, frcm abo've,from
the parts abc^e; from Lelo^, from the
places behiu \ ofwhich fomc are here ex-
emplified.

22. From aiove.

He which gave thera/rom above fuch power,
for miraculous conhrmalion of that which they
taught, endued them alfo with mHom from above,
to teach that which they fo did confirm. Ueoicr.

No fooner were his eyes in (lumber bound,
Whcn,/r(« abor-e, a more than mortal found
Invadej his ears. Dryden't Mn.

2j. From afar.

X-'jIil (leauU8«"/''»w ^ar ihey thr^pff, Dr^ien,

Brought the full laver o'er their hands to pour, ?

And canillertofconfecrated flour. Pope'iOdvlTcv. \

38. From off. ■*

The fea being conl^raind to withdraw //-o« of
certain trafts of lands, which lay till then at th»
bottomofit. modt^ird.

Knightf, unhors'd, may t\kfrwn oj/'iht plain.
And light on foot, their honour to regain. Dryden.

39. From oi/t.

The king with angry threatning«/;om out a win.
dow, where he was not alhamcd the world (hotild
behold him a beholder,. commanded his guard and
the reft of his foldicrs, toh.itten their death. Sidneyi.

And join thy voice unto ihe angcl-ijuirc
Framoui his fecret altar touch'd with hallow'd Rte. ■

., „ , , ' •■ Ml/l-:,.'.

Nowfliake/rem out thy fruirfiil brealV, the feeds
Of envy, dilcord, and of cruel deeds. Jirydrn'! jin.

Strong god of iron, whofe iron fceptrc'fways
The frcciiTig north and h)-pciborcan leas,
Tcriour h thine, and wild amaxcmcnl, flung '
From out thy cliatiot, wilhcrsev'n the ftrong. Dryden,

40. From out of. <■ .<'

Whatfi^Ycr fuch principle Ihcfe ii, it wii at the
S M firH

FRO

«rft fcund out by difcourfe, and invm/rcm nt tf
, «he very bowels of heaven and earth. Hooker.

41. From under.

He, though blind of (igh(,
' -Defpii'd, and thought extinguifh'd quite,
With inward eyes illuminated,
His fiery virtue rous'd

frcmuntimfbes into fuddcn flame. Milt.Agon'JIes.
^Z I'ROM ivithin. .

From ivithtA
The broken bowels and the bloated (kin,
A buziing iioilc ol bees his ears alarms. DryJen.

FRo'MWARD./»r^. [ppamandpcapb, Saxon.]
Away from ; the contrary to the word to-
nuards. Not now in ufe.

As chearfully going towards as Pyrocles went
froward yiwntujri? his death. Sldi:cy.

'l"he hori10nt.1l needle is continualljr varying
towards EalV and Weft ; and fo the dipping or in-
dining needle is varying up and down, towards or
f'tmvuards the zeiiiih. Cheque.

Frondi'ferous. adj. [frondifer, Latin.]
Bearing leaves. Dici.

FRONT, ti.f. [frons,LMin',frcitt, French.]

1. The face.

His/ront yet threAtens, and his frowns command.

Prior.

They (land not/rm! \ofrcjil, but each doth view
The other's tail puri'u'd as.ihey purfue. Creech.

The patriot virtues that difti-nd thy thought,
Spread on xhyj'rant and in thy bofoni glow. Thiitrtft,n.

2. The face, in a fenfe of cenfure or dif-
like : as, a hardened front ; a ixzizt front.
This is the ufual fenfe.

3. The face as oppofcd to an enemy.

His forward hand, inur'd to wounds, makes way
Upon the (harpcft_/ii/«w of llie molt fierce. Daniel.

4. The part or place cppofed to the face.

The acc'efs of the town was only by a neck of
)and : our men had (liot, that thundered upon them
from the ram()ier m front, and from the gallies th.U
lay at fea in tlank. Bacon.

5. The van of an arm]-.

'Twixt hoft and holt but narrow fpace was left,
A dreadful intcival! »\\if,ont lafml
Prefented, llcod in terrible .irr:iy. Milton's Par. Lcjl,

6. The forepart of any thing as of a build-
ing.

Both thefe fides are not only returns, but parts of
ty^e front; and uniform without, though feverally
-pariiiiontd witi.in, and arc on both fides of a great
and ftately tower, in the midil of thtfron'. Bacun.

Palladius advifeth the fnnt of his edifice fliould
fo refpeil the South, that in its firil angle it receive
the rifing rays of the Winter fun, and decline a little
from the Winter felting thereof. Broivn.

1 he pnnce approach'd the door,
Po(rersM the porch, and on tj^e _/r';K.' above
He hx'd the fatal bough. DiyJen's Mn.

One fees the front of a palace covered with painted
pifljrs of dilfercnt orders. Addijon on Italy.

7. The mod eonfpiciiocs part or particular.
I0 FtiotiT. ij, a. [frojn the noun.]

I. To ofpofe directly, or face to face ; to
encounter.

You four (hall front them in the narrow lane ; we
will walk lower : if they 'fcape from your encounter,
then they liflit on us. Slukcff.

Cin you, when you have ptifhM out of your
gales fhe very defender of them, think to front his
rcvftiigcs with eafy groans. ^hakejpeare.

S->me are eitlier to be won to the (late in a fall
and true manner, ory>(//i/t</»ith fome other of the
fame party that may oppofe them, and fo divide the
fPjuit.-^tljn. Hiuon's EJfays.

I (hall front fhee, like fomc daring jiholt.
With all my wrongs ahout ij»e. Dryd. Don. Stbajlian,

i. To (land oppofcd or overagninft any place
or thing.

The fqiiare will be one of the moft be.iutiful in'
Italy wlien this Itatitc is elected, and a town houfe
biiili^at 00c cod vojtont (he (b^mb that ftands at ihe
•dtO> aidJifononlitiiy.

FRO

T» Front, v. «. To ftand foreraoft.

\ front but In that 6le,

Where others tell fteps with me. Shak. BenryVlW.

Fro'ktal. n.f. [frOHtate, Latin; fri,ntal,

French.] Any external form of medicine

to be applied to the forehead, generally

compofed amongft the ancients of coolers

and hypnoticks. ^Incy.

We may apply intercipienls upon the temples of

maftick : frontaies may alfo be applied. Wifeman.

The torpedo, alive, (lupifies at a diftance; but

after death produceth no fuch elTeft ; which had

they retained, thiiy might have fupplicd opium, and

ferved as frontaUs in phrenGes. Bronvn.

Fro'ntated. adj. [from fronr, Latin.]
In botany, the frontated la^i o( a flower
grows broader and broader, and at lad per-
haps terminates in aright line: ufed in
oppofition to cufpated, which is, when
the leaves of a flower end in a point.

^incy.

Fro'ntbox, ft. f. ^front and box.^ The
box in the play houfe from which there
is a direct view to the ftage.

How vain are all thefc glories, all our pains,
Unleft gold fenfe preferve what beauty gains !
Tl'.at men may fay, when we the yioM/i^a; grace.
Behold the firli in virtue, as in face. Pofe.

Fro'nted. ffi^'. [from/reaj.] Formed with
a front.

Party»o»ffrf brigades form. Milton.

Fro'ntier. ff./. [yi-cw/rVr^, French.] The
inarches; the limit; the utmoft verge of
any territory; the border ; properly that
which terminates not at the fea, but fronts
another country.

Draw all the inhabitants of thofe borders away, or
plant garrilbns upon all thofe yroM//Vrr about him/

Spenfcr on If eland.
I upon my frontiers her* keep refidence.
That little vihich is left fo to defend. Milton.

Fro'ntier. adj. Bordering; conterminous.
A place there lies on (^allia's utmoft bounds.
Where rifingfeas infultthe_/"ro»//i'rgrounds. Addifon.
FRo'NTISPIliCE, n. f. [fronlifpicium, id
quod in frciite coufpicitur \ fronfffpke, Fr.]
That part of any building or other body
that direftly meets the eye.

With frontiff>iece of diamond and gold
■Embellifh'd, tliick with fparkling orient gems
The portal ihoiie. Milton's Paradife Lof.

Who is it has informed us that a rational foul
can inhabit no tenement, unlefs it has jultfuch a
fort affronli/piceef Locke.

Thefronfijpieceoi the town houfe has pillars of a
beautiful black marble, (Ircakcdwith white. AJJifn.

Fro'ntless. fl<3)'. [fromy>-!j«/.] Not biiifh.-
ing ; wanting (hame ; void of diffidence.

'thtefronilifi man, we follow'd from afar.

Thy initruments of death and tools of war. Drvden,

For vice, though fn,ntkjs, and of harden'd face.

Is daunted at the fight of awful grace. Dryden.

Strike a blulh through/rM/Ziyi flattery. Pope.

Fro'ntlet. n.f. [from/rcw/, Latin ;y"««-

tenu, French.] A bandage worn upon the

foreliead.

How now, daughter, what makes thu frontlet
on? You arctoo much of late i* th'frown. iihaiejp.

They ihall be asyiofl//i/i.betwctn thi)^e eyes.

Dcut.n. 8,

To the foicheadyro«/fM were applied, to reltrain
and intcicept the influx. IVifemun'i Surgery^

Frontro'om. n, f. [front AnAroomA An
apartment in the forepart of the honfc.

If your rtiop (tands in an eminent (ireet, the
frontroonts arc commonly more airy than the back-
rooms ; and it will be inconvenient to make (he
fontmont ihallow. Moxon.

FkuRE. adj. [bevroxtit, JDiUch,, frozen.]

FRO

Frozen. This word is not ufed Cnce ths
time of Ml/ten,

The parching air
Hams frorf, and cold performs th' e(Fe£t of fire.

Miltoa,

Yn.OK.tii. adj. [ii^Toz^a, Frozen, Dutch.]

Frozen ; congealed with cold. Obfolete.

O, my heart-blood is well n\%hfrorne I feele,
And my galagc grown fafttomyheele. Sfenfer's Pajf.

FROST, n. f. [pnop:, Saxon.]

1. The laft effeft of cold; the power or aft
of congelation.

This is tlie (Vate of man: to day he puts forth
The tender leaves of hopes, to-morrow blofToms,
And bears his blulhing honours thick upon him ;
Tht third day comes ifrof a killingyio/?.
And when he thinks, good eafy man, lull furely
His gneatnefs is a ripening, nips his root.
And then he falls. Shakefpeare'i llenryWW,

When t\\t froji fcifes upon wine, only the more
waterilh parts are congealed : there is a mighty fpiris
which can retreat into itfelf, and within its own
compafsliefecuic from the freezing impreffion. South..

2. The appearance of plants and trees fpajk-
ling with congelation of dew.

Behold the groves that (hine with Witttfroji,
Their beauty wither'd, and their verdure loll. Pope.
Fro'stbitten. adj. {frofl and bitten.^
Nipped or withered by the froft.

The leaves are too mnch frcjibitlen. Mortimer.
Fro'stSd. adj. [from/rry/i] Laid on in
inequalities like thole of the hoar froft
upon plants.

The rich brocadedfilk unfold.
Where rifingflow'rs grow ftift'withyro/fi-i/ gold. Gay.
Fro'stilv. ad'v. [from fiojiy.^

1. With frolt ; with exceliivc cold»

2. WithcHit warmth of affeftion.

Courtling, I rather thou (hould'ft utterly
Difpraife my work, thanpraife \tfroJlily. Ben fonfon..

Fro'stinfss. n. f. [itom friijiy.'\ Cold;

freezing cold.
Fro'stnail. II. f. \fioJi and a/?//.] A

nail with a prominent head driven into

the horfe's ihoes, that it may pierce the

ice.

The claws are (Irait only to take hold, for better
progreflion; as a horfe ihatis (hod v\t\\ ft Jl nails.

Gieiu'sCofmoi.-

Fro'stwork. »./. [frofim\Aivo)k.'\ Work
in which the fubltance is laid on with
inequalities, like the dew congealed upon,
(hrubs.

By nature Ihap'd to various figures, thofe
The fruitful rain, and thefe the hail compofc ;.
The fnowy fleece and cwuQusfroJizL'ork ihefe
Produce tiie dew, and thofe the gentle breele.

BUehieort,

F ».o' sty. adj. [ fro in frefi. ]

I. Having the power of congelation; ex-
ceflive cold.

For all myblood inRome'sgrealquarrellhcd,
For all the fo/ly nights that 1 h..ve watch'd,
Be pitiful to my condemned fons. iikak. Titus Androrr.

The air, if very cold, irritateth the fl;iine, and
maketh it bum more hercely ; as fire I'corchcth in
frojiy weather. ^ Bacon.

A gnat hjlf-ltarved with cold and hunger, went
out one frojiy morning to a bee-hive. L'RjIrangc,

z. Chill in affection ; without warmth of
kindnefs or courage.

What nff/ly fpirited rogue is this ! Sbakef

3. Hoary ; grey-haired ; refembling frolt.
Where is loyalty f
If it be banifh'd from ttitfrofy head.
Where fhaJl it find a harbour in the earth f Shak.

FROTH, n.f [free, D.anilh .tnd Scottilli.]

I. Spume; foam; the bubbles caufcd in

liquors by agitation.

Hii hideous tail then hiukd he about.

And

FRO

AnJ th*«*lth ill CBwrapt the nimble thighl
Of hij/wA foimy ft«d. F^>'y ^'"'■

When wind cipireth 'om under the lea, as it
eaufeth fome refouiidiiig ot the water, fo it caufeth
fomc light motions oi bubbles, and white circles of
froth . Bjcoh 'i Natural Hifiory.

Surging waves againfl a folid rock,
Though all to Ihivers dalh'd, th' afliult renew ;
Vain batt'ry, and in/ro/Aor bubbles end. Milton.
The ufelefs/rori I'wims on the furface, but the
pearl lies covered wiih a mafs of waters. GlattvilU.

The fcaiicr'd ocean dies ;
Black fands, difcolour'd/r»/i, and mingled mud arife.

DryJiK.

They were the/i-«(A my raeiiig folly mov'd

When it koii'd up ; 1 knew not then I l»v'd.

Vet then lov'd moft. Dryjen't Aurengsebe.

If now the colours of natural bodies are to be min-
jled, let water, a little thickened with foap, be agi-
Uted to raife ifrotb ; and after that froth has flood
a little, there will appear, to one that Ihall view it
intently, various colours' every where in the furtaccs
of the bubbles; but to one that l>iall go fo far off
that he cannot diftinguifti the colours fiom one ano-
ther, the whole ^«;i will grow white, vth a per- I
U& whitenefs. N<tvtcn.

A painter, having finiftied the pifture of a horfe,
Mcepting the loofe/rafA about liii mouili and his
bridle; and after many unfucccfsluleflays.defpairiug
to do that to his fatisfaaion, in a great rage threw a
fpor.ge at it, ail belmeared with &t colouis, which
Jortunately hitting upon the right place, by one buld
ftroke of chance moll eiaaiy fupplicd the want of
aill in the artill. brrtlrft Sermeni.

». Any empty or fcnfelefs flicw of wit or

eloquence.
J. Any thing not hard, folid, or fubflantial.

Who caieih his veal, pig, lod limb bemf/ro/A,
Shall twice in a week go to bed without broth.

Tuf,r.

y»F»0TH, v. tr. [from the nonn. To
foam ; to ihrow out fpume ; to generate
fpunne.

He frets v;ith\t>, /rtrht trtafon at hl« moath.
And churns it through hii teeth. DryJfn.

Eiccf* muddies the bed wit, and only makes it
flutter itd/rub high. Crfu/.

Fro'tiiilv, adv. \Uom frothy. '\

1. With foam ; with fpume.

2. In an empty trifling manner.
Fro'thy. aiij. [from/ro/^.J

1. Full of foam, froth, or (pume.

The fap of trees is of diftring natures ; fome wa-
tery and clear, as vines, beeches, pears ; fomc thick,
as applet ; fome gummy, as chtrties ; and fome
frothy t as elms. B*con.

Behold a frothy fubftance rife ;
Be cautious, or your bottle ftif s. Sviift.

2. Soft ; not folid ; wafting.

Their bodies are fo folid and hard is you ne«d not
fear that bathing lliould make (h*tnfruhy. B/tcou,

3. Vain; empty; trifling.

What's a voluptuous dinner, and K\it frothy va-
nity of difco'jtfe that commonly attends thefe pom-
pous entertainments ? What is it but a moriihcation
Co a man of fenfe and virtue ? L.' EJlra nge .

Though the principles of religion were never fo
clear and evident, yet they may b'- made ridiculous
by vain and f'othy men ; as the graveiV and wifcft
perl'on in the world may be abufed by beiiigput in a
fool'icoat. 'tithi/on.

FROUNCE, a./. A word nfed by falcon-
ers for a diftetnper, in which white fpit-
tle gathers about the hawk's bill, iiianer.

To FRouNce. f. a. [from the noun.] To
friz/.le or curl the hair aliout the face.
This word was at firft probably ufeil in
contempt.

Some frouner their curled hair in courtly gulfe.
Some prank iheir ru<fs,.and others timely dight
Thrir gay attiie. Fairy Siurcn.

Some warlike lign mufl be ufed ; either a flavuly
kuikin, or aa overftaring /r«vnrr</ bead. Jljcham.

Milloi

Swlfl.

Swift.

FRO

Thus, night oft fee me in tiiy pile career,
'Till civil fuited morn appear ;
Not ti ick'd Knifiounc'd as (he was wont,
Wiih the Attick boy to hunt.

F Ko'vzY. adj. [A cant word.]

1. Foetid ; mufty.
Petticoats in frouxy heaps.

2. Dim ; cloudy.
When firft Diana leaves her bed.

Vapours and fleams her looks difgrace ;

Afriuzy dirty-coloured red
Sits on her olouiiy wrinkled lace.

FRO'WARD. <7<^'. [piampeapb.] Peeviih;
ungovernable; angry; perverfe : the con-
trary to toiuard.

Theyis'aari/paia of mine own heart m.ide me
delight to punifh him, whom I clleemcd the chiclcit
let in the way. Sidney.

She's notfrrward, but modell ai the dove :
She is not hot, but temperate as the morn. State/p.

Whofe ways ire croaked, and ihty frov.ard in
tlieir puths. Frov. ii. 15.

Tim; inoveth fo round, that ayr;ia.iri/ retention
of cultom ii as turbulent a thing as iimovaiion,/^ii'.-or.

•Tis with_/riJ'U'flr</ men, tni frnnard fadlioiis
too, as 'tisSn ithy>»tf<:r</ children ; tliey '11 be lljoner
quieted by fear than by any fenfe of duty. L' Efirangf.

Motions occafion lleep, as wt find by the com-
mon ufc and experience of rockingyVeiirrfri/childien
in cradles. 7emfle.

FroVardlv. adv. [from /nmw</.] Pec-
vifhly ; perverfely.

I hid me and was wroth, and be ynxitfinuardly
in the way of his heart. if. Ivii. 17.

Fro'wardnkss. H.f.[itoiDfrvwarJ.'\ Pee-
vi(hnt;f5 ; perverfcnefs.

How tmn)- frciM.'arJneJ/'n of ours does he fmolhcr?
how many indignities does he pafs by i how many
affronts docs he put up at our hands i Souti.

We'll mutually forget
The warmth of youth, tai /'roviarJnfi p( i%e.

Addlf Cato.

Fro'wir. n.f, [I know not the etymo-
logy.] A cleaving tool.

AyVs^rr of iron for cleaving of lath,
Wiih roll for a fawpit, good hufbandry hath. I'uffrr.
To FROWN, -v. a. {frogtttr, old French,
to wrinkle. ^^Skinner.^ To cxprcfs dif-
pleafure by contrafting the face to wrin-
kles ; to look ftem.

Sjy, that (heyroujii ; I'll fay, (be tookt as clear
As morning rofes newly wafh'd with dew. Sbakfp.

They chufe their magirtiite;
And fuch a one as he, who puts his (ball,
ill! popular (hajl, againll a graver bench
Thaii cycjfrov^n'd, Shakffj>fart*t Ceriofanut.

How now, daughter, what makes that frontlet on ?
V.w are too much of late i'th'frov.n.
y fellow.

Thou wart a pretty I

, wlien thou liadd

no need to care lor Yttrfr'ixvning. Shakefp, K. Lear.
Heroes in animated marblcyroii'ff. Pt>pe

The wood,
Whofe (hady horrors on a riling brow
Wav'd high, ixtifnvjn'd opon the iltiara below.

Poft.

Fro'wn. n.f. [from the verb.] A v/rinklcd

look; a look of difplcafctrc. •

Patiently endure that frovii, ai fortune, and by

fome notable exploit win again her favour. Kno'lts.

In his half-«los'd eyes
Stern ver.geance yet and hoftile terror iland ;
His front yet tluiatcns, and iiiifrruint command.

I'yior.
Fro'wmncly.^A'. {iromfrmjcn,'] Stern-
ly ; with a look of difpleafurc.

What, look'J he frowiixgly ^
A couitien.ince more in forrow than inangrr. Jihai.
Fro'wv. ailj. Multy ; mofly. This word
is now not ufcd ; but inftead of h/rouzy.

But if they with tiiy gotea Ihould yedc.
They f'lon might be corrupted ;

Or li'ne not of t!icyV«y fede.
Or with ihi weeds be glutted. Sffnfir'f PaJloraJt.

Fro'zen. part, pn£. oi frtexe.

F R U

1. Congealed with cold.

What was the wade of war, what fierce alarms
Shook Afia's crown with European arms ?
Ev'n fuch have heard, if any fuch there be,
Whofe earth is bounded by ilitfroxeti fea. DrytieK.

Fierec Boreas, with Ivs offspring, iflues forth
T' invade ihtfroxtn \v,iggon of the North. Drydi

A cheerful blaze arofe, and by the hte
They warm'd theiryiawu feet, an! dry'd their wet
attire, Drydef't F/rwer and Ltaf.

2. Chill in afFeftion.

Againft whom was the Rncfr^Txn knight, fiojuK
in defpair; but his armour naturally rcprefeining
ice, aud all his furniture lively anfwcring thereto,

Sidney,

Be not tvtYfroxen^ coy; 1

One be^m of love will foon dcftroy t

And melt that ice to lloods of joy. Carev/, \

3. Void of heat or appetite.

Even here, whcreyraa^* challity retires.
Love tinds an altar for forbidden (ires. Pope,

F. R. S. Fetloiu of the Royal Socifty,
Who virtu profefs
Shine in the dignity of F. R. S. Pope.

Fructi'f ERous. adj. [fruSifer, Latin.]
Bearing fruit. Ainfiuorth.

To FRUCTIFY, t^.a. [fnic1ff,r. French.]
To make fruitful ; to i'ettilife.

The legal levies the fovereign railcs are as vapoura
which the fun exhalis, wliith fall down in fweec
Ihowcrs tafruCify the earth. Hnuel's ybcal t'otejl,

Wheret'er (he looks, behold fome fuddenlifth.
Adorns the trees, inifritciijies the earth. Granville.

To Fru'ctify. nj. w. To bear fruit.

It wsteieih the heart, to the end it mzyfrufli/y;
maketh the virtuous in trouble, full of magiiammuy
and courage ; and ferveth as a moll approved remedy
againll all doleful and heavy accidents wjiich bclal
men in this pref;nt life. /VxU. r.

Thus would (here nothingy™f /^, eiiher nejt or
under them, tile fun being horizoiiud to iht: poles-.

Urmim,
FRL'CTlFlCA'TlotJ. n.f. [from f rue/ ify.\
The aft of caufing or of hearing frui^;
fecundation ; fertility.

That tile fap doih powerfully rife in the S|iiin?,
to j'ui the pl.mt in a capacity ai fruSlfcaiiuir, he
that hath beheld how many gallons of waiet maj bo
drawn from a birch-ttee, haih (lender lealoo lo
doubt. Bri^vn't I'tlgar Eyrnnrs.

F s-v'cTvovs. tzdj. {fniducDX, French ; from
frudify-l Fruitful; fertile; impregnating
with lertility.

Apples of pricr, and plenteous (heaves of corn
Oft interlac'd occur ; and both imivbe
Fitting congenial juice, fo rich the foil.
So muchdoesy'rwd'wcwxmoifturco'erabriundl Philips,.

FRU'G a I., adj. \friigalii, Latin ; frugal^
French.] 'Ihrtfty; fparing ; parlimoni-
ous ; not prodigal ; not profufc ; not 1»»
TJih.

Reafoning, I oft admire,
How nature wile ii\i frugal could commit
Such difproportions, with fupt:i(luous hand
So many nobler bodies to create.
Greater fo manifold to his own tife. Afiho»%

And wiiig'd purvcyoTS his Iharp hunger fed
'W\\i\ frugal fcraps of fleih and inalltii bread, fiarte.

If through milts he Ihoois his i'ullen beams, '
Frugal oiWghx, in loofc iind UiMg^liiig llrcams,
Sufjictfl a drilling day. Dtyden*s Vir^t.

Fru'cally. adv. [from /i//i,'«/. j Paifi-
roonioudy; fparingly ; tnriltil).

Mean time young Pafimond Ins maiiiagc prefs'df
And frugally rclblv'd, the charge (o lhu».
To join Itis brother's brid.il with bis own. iJiyaea^
Fruoa'lity. n.f. [frugaliu,Ften<:\\;frm»
gal: ins, Lat.] Thrift; parfimonyi good
Tiufbandrr.

As for the general fort of men, frugally mwf
be the caufe ol drinking water ; lor that is no fmall
favini;, to pay nothing (or one's drink. Bacon,

Frugality and bounty too.
Thole diff'iing virtues, meet in you. Waller.

5 M z I*

if R U

la \\\\% frugality of your pnires. fome things \
Miinot omit. Drjden't Fabtn, Didicaiim.

'Ilie boundaries of viitue are inJivifible lines : it
it impoflibic to mjtcli up clofc Xn the frontiers of
f,iira'ii\\ without entering the territoriit of p»rli-
moTiy. Ariuibnofi >*a Bull.

Fhugi'ferous. adj. [frugifr; Latin.]
Bearing fruit. AinJ'worth.

PRUIT. n. f. IfruSbts, Latin ; ffwyth,
Wclfh ; fruit, French.!

J.' Tbe produa of a tree or plant in which
the feeds are contained.

The (Irawberry grows underneath the nettle,
And «hclcfomc berries thrive and ripen bcft,
' Neif hbour'd hy fruit of bafcr quality. Sbahff.

2. That part of a plant which is taken lor
food.

By tafting of that/ra/V forbid.
Where they fou-'ht knowledge, they did error find.

Duvici.
See how the rifing/ravV/ the garden! crawn.
Imbibe the fun, and make hij light their own.

Bkckmort.

3. Produftion.

The /<•«•/ of the fpirit i< ia all goodnefa- and-
rlglvteoul'r.efs, and truth. Rplff. v. 9.

4. The offspring of the womb ; the young of.
any animal.

Can 'ft thou their rcck'ningt keep? the ttmccom-

P""' . /• .

When their fwol'n bellies (hall enlarge thtfrml.

Saxaj.',

5. Advantage gained by. any enteiprift or

corduA.

What is become of all the king of Sweden's
>iaories ? Where are the/«.Vi of them at this
day I Ot of what benefit will they be to pofterity ?

, Sv.'ifi,

Another//a//, from confiderir.g things In them-
felves, will be, ihateJchman will purfue histhoughis
in that meihod which will he molt.agrecable to the
nature of the thiiij, and to his .ipprchenfion of what
it fuggefts to him. Lcci^:

•6. The effeft orconfequcnceof anyaftion.

She bluihcd when (he cor.iidercd the eflia of
trranting ; (he was pale when the remembered the
/•.//■/I of denying. SiJ«ij/.

They foall eat of the/rw/ of their own way.

F R U

Fru'itage. »./. [frmtiige, Frcnck] P>uit
collcftively ; various fruits.

In hcav'n the trees
Of life ambroCal fruitage bear, and vines
Yield nedw. AJUtiai't ParadrfelJiJlt

Greedily they f lock'U
Ti.e/fW.vgf^ fair to fight, like that which grew
Wear that bituminous laJic where Sodom tlamed.

MillQIl,

What is more ordinary *ni>h them than tlic taking

In (lowers mi fruiit^e for the gainifliing of their

work? . ^ , A*"-'-

Fnu'lTBrAREa. ti.f. [fmU M\Ci bearer.]

That Tvbich produces fruit.

Trees, erpecially/mViMrriJ,, arc often inftflcd
with the meafles; Ahrrimir't Hufiandry.

Fru'itbEaRIKc. ad), [fruit and bear,']
Having the quality of prodijcing fruit.

hy tlws vray jralt titits of Jiftcreiu kinds one
or, aiiolhtr, as/(«;Vi..jnVjf trees 011 thofe ih.u bear
r.ot. AUrtimer.

VtiVi'rtntn.n.jr. [frKiiier,.Vtench.l One
who trades in fruit.

I did fight will one Sampfon Stoclefifb, . a
/rjri/o-fr, behind t;ray's-inn. Siakifp. Hiiiry W^
WaliiUtJ ihcfru:i'rcr.'s hand in Autumn i\i\nf
Blue plumbs jnd;um pears augment his g..in. Gay,

Fru'itbry. n.f'lfhuie.ie, French,]
1, Fruit coUediVely taken.

Oft, ntJlwilliftanding .ill thy care
To help thy plants, on ihe (mMj'uiirry
liicmpt from ills, an oriental blall
Difaftrous ftits. . P^'tft-

3. A fruit-loft; a repofitory for fruit.

Fru'itfbl. o<//', [/r«tVand/«/7,]
I . Fertile ; abundantly produftive ; liberal
of vegetable produfl.-

If (he continued cruel, he could no more fuftain
his life than the earth nmuu fruiifti in the fun's
continual abftnce. Sidney.

The Earth,
Though in comparifon of Heav'n, fo fmall,.
Nor gliil'ring, may of folid good contain
More plenty than the- fun that barren IhineSi-
Whole virtue on itfelf works no effcit. _

But in the fruilfjJ earth. _ Mits«.

2.. Attually bearing fruit.-
Adonis' gardens, .
That one day blooni'd, 3ai fruitful inert, the next.

Xjjjhffeare.

3.. Ptolifick ; childbearing ;. not barren.

Hear, Nature, hear; dear goddelV, hear a father!
Sufpend thy purpole, if thou Jid'll intend
T<j make this crcHuvefruiifui :
Into lier wonJj convey lierility. Skutefp. Kittle Lur.
. Male he created thee,.but thy confort
Female for race; then blefs'd mankind, #ndfaid.
Be/; «/{/;(/, multiply, and fill the Earth i
Subdue it, and thioughout dominion hold. Mil'.o^.

Uiave copied nature, making the youths »ni.>rous'
and the damlels />■».■./«/. _ _ , Ca;j.

4.- Plcnt(»us ; abounding in an>' thing.
While you, my lord, therural (hades admire,.
And from Britannia's publick polls retire, ,
Me into foreign realms my fate conveys, ,
Throughnations/r»//*/of immort.il lays. AJJifon.
FRu'nFULLy.WT:;. [Uom fruitful.]
.1. In fuch a manner as to be prolifick..

How facredfeedsof fea, and air, and earth,
And purer lire thiough univcrfal night,
And empty fpace Hi fruhfiilh unite. J^afecKmoii..

z.-Plenteouily; abunclantly.

You h.nve many opportunities to cut him off: if

your will want not, .time and placcwill hefraiifully

otiered.. Sbuhf^.eare.

Fruitfully thoaai, Dryden.

Fru'itfulness, »./. [from /■»-»;//«/.]_

1. Fertility; fccundity;plentifulprodudion.

Neithcr'can we afcribe the iimefruiifulnrf! to any
part of thi earth, nor the fame virtue to any plant
thaeon growing, that they had before the flood.

Raleigh's Hijlory.

2. The quality of being prolifick, or bearing
many children

The goddefs, prefent at the match (he made, .
So blefs'd the bed, iuchfruiifalnefi conwy'd,
That ere ten moons had iharpen'd either horn,
Tocrown their blifs, a lovely boy was b6rn. Dryd.

3. Exuberant abundance,

The remedy of ftuiifulr.tfs is eafy, but no la-
bour w ill help the contrary : I will like and praife
ibme things in a young writer, which yet, if he
continues in, 4 caiu»t but juftly hate him for.

Beu fonfon's Dfctrjfries.

Fru'itcroves.- n, f. [fruit and grt.-ves.]
Shades, or clofe plantations of fruit trees. .

The faithful llave, .
Whom to my nuptialtrain Icariusgave, .
To tend the/--«/V^icwj. P'lS"'' O.^^ifji

FRUITION. »./. [y;7/ffr,. Latin.] Enjoy-
ment ; poffeffion } pleafute given by pof-
fcllionor ufei

Man doth not feem to tell faiisfieJ cither with
fruitim of that wherewith his life is prcferved, or
with performance of fuch adtions as advance him
Inoft dcfervcdiy in cftimation. Unlkir.

1 am driv'n, by breath of her renown.
Either to feek (hipwrecl;, or to arrive
Where I .may \\iiifruiiian of her love. Sbateff,

(/od riches and renown to men imparts,
Ev'ii all they wilh ; .and yet their narrow healsr
Cannot frt great a fluency receive.
But ihcirfruiiion to a llrangcr leave. Sandy!.

Wit once, like beauty, without artor drefs,
Naked and uiiadorn;d, could find fuccefs ;
'Till by fru'iiiani novelty deftroyed, .
The nyoiph Dull Ijud near charms to be enjoy'd.

Gratviile.

F R U

AfT.iflion generally difables a man from purfjin^
thofe vices in which the guilt of men confills : if
the affiiition be on his body, his appetites aiB-
weakcncd, and eapatity oifruilion deftroyed,

Rcgtn's Sermont.

Frc'itive. e^^j. [from the noun.] En-
joying ; poflcfling ; having the power of
enjoyment. A word not legitimate.

To whet our longings iorfruitive or eiperimenut
knowledge,, it is referved among the prerogatives of
being in heaven,, to knowi how happy we Ihall he,
when thero. Boy^te,.

Frui'tless, aelj. [from fruit.]

1 . Barren of fruit ; not bearing fruit;

The Spaniards of Mexico, for the tirft forty years, .
could not make our kind of wlicat bear feed ! but
it grew op as hiih as tlie tiees, and wai fruithh.

Rjidgb', Hift,«j. .

2. Vain ; produftive of no advant.ige ; idbc ;
unprofitable.

O ! let me not, ^uoth he, letnm agai.-i
Back to the world, whofe joys (afruiUrfs are :

But let me hoie for .iy in peace remain,
Orllraijhtway on that laft long voyage fare. Sfenfer,

Serpent ! wemighthavc fpar'dour coming hither;
f > K/.'.V/r to me, though fruit be here t' excels. Milt.

The other is for entirely waving all fcarches into
antiijuit)-, in relation to this controverfy, as being
eitiier necdlcfs w fruitkfu H'aterlaiid,

3. Having no offspring.

Upon my head they plac'd 2 fruiliefi crowBi
And but a barren fceptre in my gripe ;
No fon of mine fucceeding. Shakejf care's Maeielk,

Fru'itlessly. oxi'v, [itom/ruitlefs.] Vain-
ly ; idly ; unprofitably.

At'ter this fruit cui\o(uyfruiileJIy en<]uireth, and
confidence blindly dctermincth. BrauiSr

Walking th;y talk'd, and/ra/W^dirin'd
Whatftieud the^iticftefs by thofe worda delign'd.

Lfrydeii,

Fku'ir-TiME. n.f. [//-a/Vand time.] The

Autumn ; the time for gathering fruit.
Fruit-tree. n.f. [fruit and tree.] A
tree of that kind whofe principal value
arifes from the fruit produced by it.

Lady, by yonder blelled moon f vow, ,
That tips with lilver all thck fruit-tree tops. Sink. .

They pol&lfcd houfes full of all goods, welli
digged, vineyards and. oliveyarils,andy'«/r-/rf« iji
abundance. A'ri. ix. 2{. .

All w'.ih a border of rich fruit-trees ctown'd,
Whofe loaded branches hide the lofty mould.

Ifaifer. .

Fru M-1 KT A'oiotrs/ at/j, [from frumttttum,
Latin.] Made of grain. Difl.

Fru.me'nty. n.f. \Jrumenium, com, La-
tin.] Food made of whe;it boiled in milk. .

To Fru M P. 1'. a. To mock ; to browbeat. .
Siinuer. Aiiifiuorth.

•To Frush..'7;. .a. [froiffer, French.] Tjo .
bteak, bruife, or crulh. Hanmtr^

1 like thy armour well ;
VWfrufh it, andunlotk the rirets all, .
Bjt I'll be mailer of it.- Shdieffeart..

Frush. n.f. [from the verb.] A fort of
tender horn that grows in the middle of
the fole, and at fome. diftancc from the.
toe: it divides into two br.inches, run-
ning towards the bee!,- in- the form of «
fork. Farrier's DiSl,

Frustra'neoxjs. adj. [fnifira, Latin.]
Vain; ufclcfs; unprofitable; without ad^-
vsntage.

Their attompts being {esfrufiretueaus, and the dt.
monftrations to the contrary fo perfpicuous, it i^ a
marvel that any mail rtiould be jealoully allic^ed
in a caufc that has neither truth nor any honed
ufcfulncfs in it. ^Urt.

Me timely withdraws his fruftrasicus bafHed.
kiadutfTes, aoJ Icct the folly ot endeavouring to

Oxok*

FRY

Urokc a tyger into a Iamb, or to court an Ethic-
pianout of his colour. South.

To FRL'STRATE. v. n. [frijlror, Latin j

fi^Jirer, Fr.]
1. To defeat; to difappoint ; to baulk.

It is an aiiom of nature, that natural dcfire can-
rot utterly \>tfrujiralt. Hooker.

I furvivc.
To mock the ei; ;£>atioas of the world)
To_/rjy?r<i« prophecies, and ti raze out
Rotten opini i. S'raLftieart'! fimryW.

Stem look'J th-fiend, as friijirate of his will ;
Kot half fuffk'd, and grrcdy jet to kill. Dryien,

Not more almighty to refill our might.
Than wife to frufiru'.e all our plots aiid wilcj, MUt,
t. To make null ; to nullify.

The iSt of parliament whicli gave ill his lands to
the queen, did cut <tS mi fiujlrdtc AX fuch con-
fey aoces. Sfcnjcr.

Now thou haft avcng*d
Supplanted Adam ; and by vanqsilliing
Temptation, haft rcgaioM loft paradifc,
Ar.ifiuJlraicJ ih: conqueft fraudulent. Milton.
The peculiar llreng'h r>f the motive may of itfelf
pcrhap3 contribute tofruflrate thc-efficacy of it, ren-
dering it liable to be fufped^d by him to whom it is
addrtfted. Alter tury.

FRtj'sTRATE, farlidfial adj. [from the

verb.]
I . Vain ; ineffeflual ; . u&lefs ; unprofitable.
He is drown 'd
Whom thus we ftray to find, and the fea mocks
Ou'fruJIrate fearchon land. Shakefp. Tcmfejl.

The ruler of the province of Judca b-'ing by Ju-
lian bufied in ihcTC-edifjingof this temple, flaming
balls of lire iiltTing near the foundation, and oft con-
fuming the workmen, made the tn^'^raj\(e f rugate .
Rater gb' I liijiory.
AM at once employ their thronging darts j
B^t out of order thrown, m air they join.
And multitude makesyrir|AK>M the licfign. DryJm.

7, Null; void.

Few thing! are fo reftrained to any one end or
eurpofe, that, the fame being eitiadt, they Ihould
forthwith utterly bea>me/r/(/?ra/f. Ht/akrr.

Frustra'tion. n. f. [fn/ftraiio-, Latin;
i:om frujirale.'] Dilappoiotment ; defeat.
In ftates notorioufly irreli^ous, a fecrct and ir-
reftftiblc power countermands their dcepcft ptojefli,
fplilt their counfels, and fmites thtir moft refined
piilicies W\\\ifruflrallon and a curfe. South.

Fru'strative. atij. [(lomfrujirate.'] Fal-
lacious ; difappointing. Ainfworlh.

FRt;'sTRATORV.fl/^'. [homfrujhaif.] That
which makes any procedure void; that
which vacates any ftJrmer procefs.
Bartolus reft rains ibis to ifruJ!rMorjif^3\. Ayliffe.

FkUHTUM. «. J. [Latin.J A piece cut
oflF from a- regular figure. A term of
fcience.
Frv. «./. [from ftoe^ foam, Danith. Skin-

wr.]
I. The fvvarm of little filhesjuft produced
from the fpawn.

They cor.r; lo us, but as lore dra*s;
He fwaliows us and never cliaus ;
By him, as by chaiu'd Diot, whole ranks to die;

■ Ht ■' '^ ...,i.,_ :ind wr thcyVy. Dottne.

is and leas each creek and bay,
V , _ '■ fwaim, nnd Iboals

U( l.lii, t'lat wiih ilieir fins and Ihining fcales
Glide u^der ihc gieen wave in fculls, that oft
K. rV -• - - '.fta. Milton's Paradi/e UJI.

had ihe bap to draw up a very litile
fl ^lhey>> L'EJliange.

So dofe beliind foa-e promontory lie
The huge leviathans, t' attend thct prey;
And give nt) chace, but fwallow in the/ry.
Which through tiieir gaping javw miftake the way.

Dryden.

z. Any fwarm of animalj ; or young people
in contrmpt.
0a.»ltbc/i7*f thtft rakthcll horfcboys, grow-

F U E

ing up m knafery and villainy, are their kem con-
tinually fupplied and maintained. Spenfer on Ireland.

Them before the fry of children young.
Their wanton fports and childifti miith did play.
And to the maidens founding timbrels fung. Fairy S^.

Draw me no conftellatioos there.
Nor dt^nor goat, nor bull, nor bear ;
Nor any of thatmonftrousy"yi
Of animals that ftock the tky. Oldham.

The young Jry muft be held at a diftance, and
kept under the difcipline of contempt. Collier,

Fry. ntf. A kind of fieve.

He dreffed the dull from malt by running it
through a fan or Jry, Mortimer's Hujhandry.

To FRY. -v. a. [fri^o, Lat. Jrio, Welfh ;
/njci, Erfe.]

To drefs food by roafting it in a pan on

tlie fire.
To Fry. t. n.

1 . To be roafted in a pan on the fire.

2. To fuffer the aftion of fire.

So when with crackling flames a cauldron _/r/Vf,
The bubbling waters from the bottom rife ;
Above tlie brims they force their fiery ^way.
Black vapours climb aloft, and cloud the day. Dryd.

J. To melt with heat.

Spices and gums about them meltingyry.
And pheniit !ikt> in that rich neft they die. HTillcr.

4. To be agitated like liquour in the pan on
the fire.

Oil of fweet almonds,- newly drawn with fugar,
and a little fpice, fprcad upon bread loafted, is an
excellent nouiifhcr; but then, to keep the oil from
frying in the ftomach, drink mild beer after it.

Bueon'i Naiural tlijlory.
Where no ford he finds, no viuetfria.
Nor billows with unequal murmurs roar^
But fmoothly llide along, andfwtll the Ihoar,
That courfe he fteer'd. Drydtn't Mit.

Fry. n.f. [from the verb.] A dilh of

things fried.
Fry'incpam. n.f. \fry and pa>t.'\ The

veffel in which meat is roafted on the fire.

Il I pafs by fea, I may chance to fall from the
fryingpun into the fire. fiou-rl's Vocal Fcrrjl.

We underftand by out of the fiyingf an into the
fire, that things go trombad to wortc. I/F^range.

A freeman of London has the privilege ot diftuib-
ing a whole ftreet with the twanking of a brafs kettle.
or SI fryingfan. AdJiJi^n,

To FuB. <v. a. To pntofF; to delay by falfe
pretences; to cheat. It is generally written
fit. See Fob.

A hundrtd mark is along lone for a poor lone
^w>fflan (o bear I and 1 have bcrne, and borne, and
borne, and have been fublf'd otT and fubb'd ofi
from this day to that day, that it is a Ihaine to be
thought on. atakrffeare'l Henry W .

Fu B. n.f. A plump chubby boy. Ainftu.rlh.

Fu'cATED. « 7. \fttcatut latin.]

1. Painted; difguifcd with paint.

2. Difguifcd by falfe Ihow.

FU'CL'S. n.f. [Latin.] Faint for the face.
Not now in ufe.

Women chat

Oi fueus this and fucm that. ^c<r "Johrjin.

Thole \vho pamt lor debauthery Qiould have ihi;

yVcui pulled oft, ai d the cai feucfs undetncaih dif-

covcrcd. CUlier,

T'oFu'uDi.E. %'. a. [Of unknown et>mo-
mology.] To make drunk.

The table fioatiig round.
And pivcinent faiihlc)^ 10 the fuddled feet, th'.mfon.
To Fv'oDLii. T. n. To drink to cxccfs.
Menwill be whormg ar.d faddli ig on ttiM.

Vijirangr.

FU'EL. ». /. \(ro:itJ^rt, fire, French.] '1 he
matter or aliment of fnc.

This (hall be with burning aiid/af/offiie. If.'n.^.
This fpaik will prove a rapng fire.
If wind and fuel be bioujlit tu feed 4 with, SbuUj.

FUG

JMov'd by my charms, with them yo«t love may
ceafe ;

And as the yiif/finks the flame decreafe. Prior.

To Fu'el. 'V. a [from the noun.]

1. To feed fire with combuftible matter.

.'Vnd yet (he cannot wafte by this,
Nor long endure this torturing wrong ; ■

For more corruption needle-fs is,
To fuel fuch a fever long- Donne.

Never, alas I the dreadful name
That fuels the infernal flame. Cowley,

They;/i'/'(/<himney blazes widt. ' Tbomfoti.

2. To ftore with firing.

Some are plainly fficonomical, at that the feat
be well watered, and VitWfuelled. IVotton's ArchUeB,-

FlJElLLRMOME.rt.f [French.] Cor-
ruptly pronounced and KtMtnphilomot.

Fuillemorte colour fignilics the colour of wi-
thered leaves in autumn.

Fuga'cious. flrt/V [fueax,fiizads,'Lziin.'\

Volatile.
Fuga'ciousnbss. 71. f. [fu^ax, Latin.]

Volatility; the quality of flying away.
Fijga'city, »,/ [fiigax, Latin.]

1. Volatility; quality of flying away.

Spirits and falts, which, by ([mrfugacity, e»-
lour fmell, tafte, and divers experiments that I pui-
pofeiy made to examine them, were like th»falt and
fpirit of urine and foot. Boyie.

2. Uncertainty; inftability.

FuoH. viterj. perhaps from [?'i!'.] An
expreffion of abhorrence. Commonlyyii^.

A very filthy fellow : how odioufly hefmells of his.-
country garlick ! fugh, how he Itinks of Spain.

Dryd. Don.Seiafiian.

FU'GITFVE. adj.\fughif, French ;///f,.
irvus, Latin.

1. Not tenable ; not to be held or detained.

Our idea of infinity is a growing zni fugitive
idea, ftill in a boundleis progrcifion, that can Itnp no
where. Ueke,

Happinefs, obJe£l of that waking dream.
Which we call life, miftaking : fugitive theme
Of my purfuing verfe, ideal (hade,
Notionalgood, by fancy only made. Piiof-

2. Unfteady; unftahle; not durable.

3. Volatile; apt to fly a wa v.

The more tender xaifugititie parts, the leaves,^ ■
of mai^y of the more Ihirdy vegetables, fall off for
want of the fiipply from beneath : thofe only which"
art more tenacn;us, making a (hilt to fublilt without
fuch recruit. _ H-'vodivard's Natural Hijlary.

4. Flying; running from danger.

Whillt yet with Parthian blood thy fvvorJ is warm,
Ihefitgit'ive I'jrlhians follow-. Sbak.sAnl. andCl c*.

The Trojan chief"
ThuzzfugiCfue about Troy wall. Miltm.

5. Flying from duty ; falling OiK'

Can a fugitive daughter e»j<iy herfelf, while her
ja-r.-nts are in tears. Clarijfa.

'6. Wandering; runnagate; vagabond.

The moll m»lieious fiirmifc was countenanced bv
a lihcil..ii5 pumpliletof a/vg/V/i/i-phylician. H'ottani ■
Fu'ciiivE. ti.f. [from the adjeiaive.]
t. One wh(j runs from liia ftationor duty.
Unmarried men arc heft fii-njs, bell mafters, ,
bcftfcrvants, but not always belt fubjefls ( for they
arc light 10 run away, and -idnioii iWfugili-ues are of
that condition. Bacon...

Back to thy punilhment, .
iAkfugilive ! and to thy fpced add « infj,
I-dl with a whip of fcorplpns I purlue
. Thy ling'riiig. Milton's Pofadife I.'Ji.:.

Wc un.icrltind by (ome fugitives iliut he hath 1
commaiidcd
The generals toieturn with viflory, or expeill ••
Alhamcfirldcath. D(mbam'i:Sof.fy, ,

2. One who takes (belter undsuanother
power from pHnithnient, i

Too many, being -men £,.good inhcriTa«c«( Sre
fledbeyoij the feas, w.'iet'e liiey live under princes .
w hich ate her raajeftyij profefled eoemies ; and con-

VWf».!

FXJ L

ytfta and «fe confodirjit* with other tfiyton »ni

J'tigiik'ti tlicre abiding. Sfrp/croa IrelanJ.

Voiir roTal highnsls is too great and too \vA,

either to want or to receive the honuje of rebellious

3. One hard to be caught or detained.

What mure but liii: can Nature's bcautic* hitt
Or cjrch that i\ry/ugi/ivf, call'd wit. Harle.

Fu'oiTivENESS. H. J\ \ixota fugiiive.^

1. Volatility; fugacity.

That xiivers fait, emerging upon the analyfis of
many concretes, are verify volatile, is plain trom the
_/w?.•V/^■c^f.yi of fait and of hartflijrn aitenJing in
diillll.iiinn. _ Boyl^.

2. Inftability ; anccrtainty.

FUGUE, n. f. [French ; {xomfign, Latin.]
In miifick, fome point coniifting of four,
five, fix, or any other number of notes
begun by fome one fingle part, andthen
fcconded by a third, fourth, fifth and
fixth part, if the compoCtion confifts of fo
many; repenting the fame or fuch liscc
notes, fo that the fcveral parts follow, or
come in one after another in the fame
manner, the leading parts ftill flying ht-
fore thofc that follow. Harris.

The reports and yV^art 'have an agreement wiih
thv- figures in rhctoriclc of repetition and tradudlion.
Baon^i Natural tiijlnry.
The' (kilful organift plies hij grave and fancied
Jefcant in \ofty/ugurt. Milioii on Eiiucalmi.

His volant touch
Inftinff through all pioporlions, low and high.
Fled, and purfu'd tranl'vcrl'c the.refonaniy<^P_ffc.

Milior..
han% has a race of heroes (ill'd the ftage.
That rant by note, and through the gamut rage;
In fongs and airsexpreU their martial tire,
Combat iu trills, and in ^ fugue expire. AJiifun.
Fi/'lciment. n.f. \fitldiiien, fulcimeiititm,
Latin.] That on which a body reft.?,
which aftsor is afted upon at each end.
as a balance or a lever.

The power that equiponderates with any weight,

muft have the fame proportion unto it, as there is

bctwixi their feveral diftances from the centre or

futcim,ni. , IVilkiKs.

To Fulfi'l. -v. a. [full ^nA fill.]

1. To fill till there is no room for more.

This fenfc is now not ufed.

Six gates i' th' city, with malTy ftiples.
And correfponfive and fulfilling bolts,
Sparreup the fans of Troy. Sbai.Troil. aniCrrJpd^i.

z. To anfwer any prophecy or promife by
performance.

They knew him not, nor yet the voices of the
prophets which arc read every fabbaih-day, they have
_/5<^//erf them in condemning him. yiijs, %i\\.iy.

The fury bath'J them in each ottier^s blood ;
Then, having fix'd the light, exulting Hies,
And bcars/i'^//'j' her promife to the Ikies. Drydtn.

3. To anfwcr any purpofc or defign.

Here nature (<xmt fulfil' J in all her ends.

Milloil'i Ptiradi/e Lift.

4. To anfwer any deCre by compliance or
gratification.

If on my wounded breaft thou drop'ft a tear,
Think for whofc fake my brcall that wound did bear ;
And faithfully my lalldelires/i.^/.
As I perform my cruel father's will. Drydtn' i Oi'id.
y. 'I'd anfwcr any law by obedience.

Love woiketh no ill to his neighbour, therefore
love is \.htfalfllmg of the law. Rom. xiii. 10.

11. 13 I my |l')ry account
My exaltation, and my whoU delight,
That thou in me well-picas 'd dedar'H thy will
fulfll'd, which {ofiil/ill is all my blifs. Milton.
f uLfR .'uGHT. adj. [fall and fraught.]
Fully ftorcd.

Thy fall ha:h left a kind of blot
To mark tlie/a^'a;<gA/ man, the beltendu'd.
With fome fufjiiciou. Hita'ief^an' t Henry V.

F UL

Fu'lcsncy. h. f. {fulgeti!, Latin.] S;

dour; glitter. _ _ DiQ

Fu'lcent. adj. \fiilgcns. Latin.] Shining ;
dazzling; exquifitcly bright.

As from a cloud \\\%fulgtm head.
And Ihapc ftar-briglit, appear'd. Milicn's Par.L>>fi.
The illumination is not fo krighi and /«/£i;«r as
to obfcute or eitinguifli all jitrceptibility ol realbn.

A/wr'j Divine D;ul.

FU'LGID. aHj. [fulgiJui, Latin.] Shining ;

glittering; dazzling.
FuLCi'Diry. ». /. {itota fttlgid.} Splen-
dour; dazzling glitter. ' Di^.
Fu'LGoUR.»./.[/»/e9r,Latin.] Splendour;
dazzling brightnefs like that of lightning.
Glow-wnrms alive projeft a liiftre in the dark;
which fulgoKr, notwithllanding, ceafeth after death.

Hrov.n.

When I fet my eyes on this fide of things, there

(hires fiom them fuch an intellciaual /«/^<.»r, that

methinks the very glory of the Deity becomes vifiblc

throngh them. More.

Fui.cura'tton. ». /. \fnlguratio, Latin.]

The aft of lightening.
Fu!lham. n. f. A cant word forfalfe dice.

Hnnvier.

Let vultures gripe thy guts, for gourd and Fulham's

hold.

And high and low beguile the rich and poor. Shjirff.

Fuli'ginous. (7<^'. [fuliginfux fe, French,

fuligimfus.'Lzun.] Sooty; fmoky.

Burrage hath an excellent fpirit to reprefs the
fuliginsut vapours of dufky melancholy, and fo cure
madncfs. ISaeon.

Wlitreas hiflory lliould be the torch of truth, he
makes her in divers places a fuliginous link of lies.

Fu'ltmart, ». /. [This word, of which
Skinner obferves that he found it onlyin
this paflaee, feems to mean the fame with
y/o/j/.J A kind of (linking ferret.

The fichat, the /a//mai(, and the fetiet, live

upon the face, and within the bowels of the earth.

IValton's Angler.

FULL. ad;', [pulle, Saxon; "vol, Dutch.]

1. Replete; without vacuity; having no
fpace void.

Better is an handful with quietnefs, than both the
hands ///// with travel and vexation of (pirit.

£rel. iv. 6.
Valleyy*// of chariots. I/iiliil>.

The trees of the Lord ^xtfiill of fap. Pfjlmt.

Where all mMilfull or not coherent be. fo/>e.

2. Abounding in any quality good or bad.

With pretence from Sirephon hrr to guard.
He met her full, but full of warcfulnefs. Sidney.

You rtiould tread a courfc
Pretty mdfull of view. Stiakcfftjre^t Cymhelinr.

Followers, who make ihemfeives as trumpets of
the commoidatiun of thofe they follow, arc full of
inconvenience; they taint bufinefs through want of
fcciccy, and export honour from a man, and make
him a return in envy. Bacon.

That mufl be our cure.
To be no more ; fad cure j for who would lofe,
Though y"«// of pain, this inielleilual being,
Thofe ihoughts that wander through eternity i .Mill.

Clayrclijiion'sy//// of pomp and gold. Milion,

In that fwcet ieafon, as in bed 1 lay,
I lurn'J my weary fide, but ftill in vain.
Though y//// of youthlul health and pnin. Drydeti.

He \i full oi wants which he cannot fupply, and
compalied about with infirmities which he cannot
remove. Tiiloifrt.

From yon bright heaven cur author fetth'd his tire.
And paints the paflions that your eyes infpirc ;
/■V/Zof that flame, his tender fcenes he warms.
And frames his goddcfs by your jnatthlcls charms.

Gram'.

3. Stored with any thing; well ftipplied
with any thing.

Full at days was he ;
Tvit) ages part, he liv'd the third to ft«. 7i(kel.

F U L

44 Plump; fagiaated; fat.

A gentleman of i full body having broken his Turn
byafall,.the wound infiamcd. Wifenun'tHurg..

5. Saturaitd; fated.

1 am/a/Zof the burnt offerings of r.ims. Ifii.\. J i.

The alteration of fcenes feeds and relieves the c;e,

before it htfull of the fame objed. Baton.

6. Crowded with regard to the imagination
or memory.

Uvery one is /«// of the mtracles done by cold batht
on decayed and weak cantlitutions. Ltcle.

~. That which fills or makes full; large ;
great in effetft.

Water digefteth a fuU meal fooner than any li-
quor. Arhvwi^^.

8. Complete ; fufh as that nothing furtlier
is defired or wanted.

That day bad fcen the/a// accomplifhment
Of all his travels. Daniel'i Chil H'ar,

What remains, ye gods.
But up and enter now lurofull blifs ? MHiok,

Being tried at that time only with a promife, he

%iit full credit to that promife, and din gave eri-

dence of his fidelity ai fait as occadons were oSl-red.

Hammtnd's Fraft. Caiechifm,

The refurreflion of Jefus Irom the dead hath given
the vot\Afull affurance of another life. THIoi/om,

9. Complete without abatement; atthcut-
inoft ilegree.

At the end oi tvio full yttn Pharaoh dreamed.

Grnefit.

After hard tiding plunge the horfes into water, and

allow them to drink as they pleafe ; but gallop thcns

y«//fpced, to warm the water in their bellies. Svfift*

10. Containing the whok matter; exprelT-
ing much.

Where my expreOions are luit fofull as his, either

our language or my art were defecfive ; but where
mine zxt fuller than his, they are but the irapief-
iions which the oftea reading of him have left upon
my thoughts. Denbtm.

Should a man go about with never fo fet itudy to
defcribe fuch a natural form of the year before the
deluge as ihit which is at prefent ciVabliihcd, he
could fcarcclydo it info few words, fo fit and proper,
iofull and exprefs. ^ocdtcurd,

11. Strong: not faint; nof attenaated.

I did never know io full a voice iffuc from h

emptya heart ; but the empty vefTel makes the f rcitefi

found. Siaiefpeare,

Barrels placed under the floor of a chamber, make

all noifes in the fame more yi// and refounding.

Bacon's Natural Hifiory,
Dryden taught to join
The varying vcrfe, they*// refounding line. Ptff.

1 2. Mature ; perfeft.

In the fultanry of the Mamalukes, (laves reigtcj
over families of free men ; and much like were the
cafe, if you fuppofe a nation, whero the cuftnm were
that aftcryv/Zacc the fons Ihould cxpulfe their fathers
out of thcr potTeliioiis. Battn.

So law appears iinperfctfl, and but given
Wiih pinpofe to rcfign them in full time
Up to a better covenant. Miltcn,

Thcfc thoughts
iv(//counfcl muft mature. Milltn,

13. [Applied to the moon.] Complete in
its orb.

Towards the /#/// moon, as he was coming home
one morning, he tclt hislrgs fanlter. Wifeman.

14. Not continuous, or a lull flop.

Theiewith he ended, making 3 full point of a
hearty fign. Hidtity,

1 5. Spread to view in all dimenfions.

'Till about the end of the third century, 1 do
not remcnilicr tj have fcen the head of a Roman
emperor drawn with a yi^// face: ihey always appear
in profile. AdJifon en Mtaals.

Full. n.f. [from the adjeftive.]
I . Complete meafure ; freedom from defi-
ciency.

When sve rettim,
We'li fee thofe things atitCied to thtfutf. Shaiff,
He lii(ed the fOmp and abfolutc authority ot a

{emral

F UL

general well, »nd preferred the dignity of it ts tKei
ftll. Clarendon. |

The piSure of Ptolemy P' Mopjter is given by au-
thors to AitfuU. Dryden.

Sicilian tortures and the hrazen hull.
Are emhlems, rather than exprcfs x\\^fuH
Of what he feels. Dyydtn't Per/.

If where the rules not far enough extend,
Some lucity licence anfwer to \.ht/i:l!
Th' intent propos'd, that licence is a rule. Pcfe.
a. The highelt ftate or degree.
The fwan's down feather.
That ftands upon the fwel! at/a// of tide.
Neither wiy inclines. Sbake/f. Ant. and Clnfatra.

J. The whole; the total.

The king hath won, and hath fent out
A fpeedy pow'r to encounter you, my lord :
.This is the news nifull. Sbakrffirarr's Henry IV.

But what h/hII I know, thou know'l^ no part;
I knowing all my peril, thou no art. Shaktjffeare.

4. The ftate of being fatiated.

When I had fed them to the faJl. Jrr. v. 7.

5. [Applied to the moon.] The time in
which the moon makes a perfeft orb.

Brains in rabbits, woodcocks, and calves, are full-
ed in the^i/// of the mooiu Bacon's Natural Hijl.
F O [, L . adti.

1. Without abatement or dimlnutiott.

He/i/Z/
Rel^endcnt all his Father manifelV
txprcfs'd. Miltun.

In the unity of place they are ful/ as fcnipulous ;
which many of their criticks limit to that very fpot
•f groutkd where the play is fuppofed to begin. Dryd.

A modtif biufh the wears, not form'd by art ;
Free from deceit his face, and fulJ as free his heart.

Dry den.

The moft judicious writer is fometimes mistaken
after ail his care ; but the haily critick, who judges
oa a view, is/ii// as liable to bn: deceived. Dryden.

since you may
Sufpcft my courage, if 1 Ihould not lay.
The pawn I proffer ihall hcfutltit good. Dryd. Virg.

2. With the whole effed,

'Tis the pencil, thrown luckily full upon the

horfe's mouth to cxprefs the foam, which the pain-

txty with all his (kill,, could not perform without it.

D'ydtn's Dufrefnoy.

From harmony, from heavenly harmony,
This univerfal frame began :

From harmony to harmony.
Through all the cnmpafs of the notci U ran.
The diapafon clofmgyi/// in man. Drydtn.

3. Exactly.

. Full in the centre of the faered wood,

An arm arifeth of the Stygian flood. Addifin.

Full nineteen failors did the (hip convey,
A (hole of nineteen dolphins round her play. AddiJ.

4. Direftiy.

He met hery»//, hut fullof «-arefulncfs. Sidney.

He then com'tonts the bull, ~.

And on his ample forehead ii\mm%futl, I

I'lie deadly ftroke defccnjing pierc'd the Ikull. C

Dryden. ^
At length refolv'd, he throws v/ith all his lore e
Tuli at the temples of the warrior horfe. Dryden.

5. It is placed before adverbs and adjec-
tives, to intend or ftrengthen their (igni-
ficatson.

Tell me why on yonr (hield, (b goodly fcor'd,
fear ye the picture of that lady's l>ead }
/■W/ lively in the fenWant, though the fubllance dead.

Sftnfer,
I was fet at work
Among my maids ; full little. Cod knows, looking
Either for luch men or fuch byfincfs. Sbakrjp.

full well ye rejefl thccommanJment. Mar.y\\.<).

Adam was all in tcar^, and to his gVide
LameEiting tr.rn'd full fad. Mllion't Parjdife LoJI.

You/»/.'littl» think that youranlt be the begin.-icr

cf:V ' vourfelf. Mi-reU Divim Dial.

iglitof him the genile knight. Dryd.

i' - J' god his fiftcr'icnvy knew.

And wiiat her aims and what her arts purfue. Dryd.

'!]:«(( it a perijuilite _/;/// at Uonclt, by vihxh

F U L

you hiT« the left part of a bottle of wi.ie for yo«r.

felf. ' Sivift.

Full is much ufed in compofition to in-
timate any thing arrived at its higheft
ftate, or utmoft degree.

Full-blown, fl,^'. [full and b!invn.'\

1 . Spread to the utmoft extent, as a pcrfeft
bloflbm.

My glories are paft danger ; thty'rcfull Itlo^vn :
Things, that are blaftcd, are but in the bud. D-nlj.

My full-ilaiun youth already fades apace ;
Of our fhort being 'tis the fhorteft fpace I Dryden.

2. Stretched by the wind to the utmoft
extent.

He who with bold Cratinus is infpii'd.
With zeal anrl equal indijjnation fir'd ;
Who at enormous villainy turns pale.
And fteers againd it with ifull-iloiun fail. Dryden.
Full-bo'ttomed. adj. [full and iottam.]
Having a large bottom.

I was obliged to fit at home in my morning-gown,

having pawned a new fuit of cloaths and a _/«//-

^otramrdf wig for a fumof money. Guardian.

Full-ea'red. adj. [ full und ear.l Having

the heads full of grain.

As flames roU'd by the winds confpiring force.
O'er full-ear' d corn, or torrents raging cotirfe.

Denhjtn.

Full-ey'ed. adj. [full vnd tye.l Having

large prominent eyes.
Fu LL-FED. adj. [full ?kndfed.'\ Sated ; fat;

faginated.
All as a partridge plump, full-fed and fair.

She form'd this image of well btxiieJ air. Pope.

Full-la'den. adj. [full&nd laden.'\ Laden

'till there can be no more added.

It were onfit that fo excellent a reward as the
Gofpel promifes Ihould rtoop down, like fruit upon
a full-laden bough, to be plucked by every idle and
wanton hand. TillofLn.

FuLL-SPRe'ad, adj. [full and fpread.\
Spread to the utmoft extent.

flow cafy 'tis, when dcfliny proves kind,.
Vi^ixh full-fpread fails to run before the wind;
Guttho'.e that 'gaind DifT gales laveeringgo,
Muft be at once rtfolv'd and ikilful too. Dryden.
Full-su'mmed. adj. [full and fummed,'\
Complete in all its p.irts.

The cedar llretched forth liis branches, and the
king of birds iieltcd within his leaves, thick feather-
ed, and Vdxth full-fumv.ed wings fattening his tuloiis
Kail and Weft; but n6w the eagle is become half
naked. ilbtvel'i Vi.eal F^rejl.

To FULL. f. a. [fullo, Latin.] To cleanfc

cloth from its oil or greafc.
Fu'llace. //. /. [from /w//.] The money

paid for fulling orcleanfing cloth.
Fu'ller. n. f. [fullo, Latin.] One whofe

trade is to cleaiife cloth.

The cbthler^ have put off
The fpinfters* ardcnffulleri^ v/c.ivcrs. Sbak^/p.

His raiment became fhining, cxceetling white as
fnow; fo ai no fuller on earth can whiten them.

M.ir. ix. 3.
B'u'llers Earth, n. f.

Fullers earth is a marl of a dofe texture, ex-
tremely foft and un£tuous to the touch ; when dry
it is of a greyifh brown colour, in all degreea, troni
very pale to almoft black, and generally has .:
greenilh caft in it. The hn^^ fullers earth \zA\i^\n
cur own illand, Uill'i JWa'itiu Media.

The fullers earth oi England very much exceed?;
any yet dilco%-ercd abroad in goodncfs ; which is or.e
great reafon why ^e Englifh I'urpals all othrr tiations
in the woollen manufa^ure. JVoudivard.

Fu'ller* ThifiU, or IVetd. n. /. [dififacus.]

A plant.
Fu'llery. 9t. f. [from fuller,] The place

where the trade of a fuller h exercifcd.
Fi;'llincmih.. n. f. [/«// and mill.] A

F U L

^

mill where the water raifes hammers
which beat the cloth 'till it be cleanfed.
By large hammers, like thofe ufed for paper and
fui.ingmills, they beat thcif hemp. Maniater,

Fu'lly. ad-Tj. [fro my}///.]

1, Without vacuity.

2. Completely; without lack; without more
to be defired.

There are many graces for which we may not
ccafc hourly to Cue, graces which are in" beftowing
always, but never come to be fully had in this
prefent life; and therefore, when all things here
have an end, endlefs thanks mull have their be-
ginning in a ftate which bringeth the full and final
fatist'adion of all futh perpetual defires. Hooker,

\ic fully pofTclfed ilie entire revelation he had re-
ceived from God, and hal thoroughly digefted it.

Lbcke,
The goddefs cry'd
It is enough, I'mya//)' fatisfy'd. Addifon's Ovid,
Fu'lminant. adj. \ fuhninant, French,
y«/w;>/affr, Latin] Ihunderiiig; making
a noife like thunder.
r»FU'LMINATE. I'. ». [fulmiao, Latin.
fulminer, French.]

1. To thunder.

I CM^noifulminate nor tonitruate word*
To puzzle intellects ; my ninth lap afi.>rds
No Lycophronian bulkins. Tia. Randolph,

2. To make a loud noife or crack. .

Whilft it was in fulion wc cad into it a live coal,
which prcfently kindled it, and made it boil and
flafli for a pretty while: after which we calt in
anoihcr glowing coal, which made it fulminate
alrelh. Boyle.

In damps one is called the fufFocating, and the
other i\\efulminaiingiitn^. /ioodtoard't Nat, Hiji, .

3. To iffue out ecclcfiaftical cenfures.

■7"o Fu'lminate. 'V, a. To throw out as
an objeft of terrour.

As excommunication is not greatly regarded here'
in England, Ziwo-^ fulminated \ fo this conditulioa .
is out of ufe among us in a great mcafure. Aylijfe,
Fu lmina'tion. ti. f.lfulminatio, Latin;.
fulmittation , French, from fulminate.]

1. The act of thundering.

2. Denunciations of cenfure.

'Vhzfulmiuati..ns from the v.itican were turned
into ridicule. Ayl'fff'n Parergon. .

Fu'lminatory. adj. [f.dmuieus, Latin;
from fulminate.] I'hundering; ftriking.
horror.
Fu'lness. n.f. [from/.//.]

1 . The ftate of being liiled fo as to have no-
part vacant..

Your heave-offtring (hall be reckoned the fulnefs
of the wincprefs. . Nutnb. xvui, 27.

Let the fca roar and thz fulnefs thereof, . Deut.

To the houffrs I wilhed nothing more than-fafety.
fulnejs, and freeJum. King Cbarlet,

2. The ftaie of abounding in. any qualify
good or bad.

:. Complctencfs ; fuch as leaves nothing, to 1
Ix: defired.

Your enjoyments are fo complete, I turn wifbes ■
into gratutaiions, and congratulating their fulnefs
only wilh their coiiiinu;ince. Scuib.

4. Complttenefs from ^\^ coalition of many
p;irts.

The king fet for^vards to London, receiving t!ie
acclamatiuns and applaufes ol the people as he went ; ,
which indeed were true and unfeigned, asmishtwcll .
appear in the very dcmondration and fuhtejs oi the
cry. iiaci^n s Hi'':)y VII. .

5. Completeiiefs; freeilom froiadcticiency.

In thy j.rrfci,..e i^fulre/i sr! yiy. Pf.fmi. .

He is the iiilt pnrt of a biclled man, . ..
1,'jIi to be finilhcd by fuch as (lie ;
A-..d (he a t.iir divided excellence,
V/hok fiilmfs of perlcfliun lies iu him. .f/:,rt/p.

6. Repletion; .

F U M

6. Repletion ; -fatiety.

I actd not inlHnce in the hi^ltual infemixraMC
'of rich liUes, nor the evil accidents and eiTe^ of
Jtu'ur/i, pride and luit, wantonnrli anH foftneft.

Tayhr't Rule of living hily.

J. PJenty; wealth.

To Upfc '\x\fulnep
'Ts forer tHan ro lie for need ; and falfhood
Is worfc in kings than beggars. Sbakfff. CymMmr.

8. Struggling percurbatioa; fwdling in the
mind. • ' '

A principal fruit of rrienJftiTp ii the elfe and dif-
«harge of inefulmfs oi the heart, which pailion! of
all kinds dociufe siid induce. Bacon' iE£'.iyt.

9. 1 argcnefs ; extent.

There wanted the fulnefs of a plot, and variety
of charadcrs to form it as it ought; and [^rhaps
fomething might have been added to the beauty of
the ftyle. DryJex.

10. Force r of found, fuch -as fills the ear;
vigour.

This fort of paftoral derivcsalmoft its whole beauty
'from a natural eafc of thought and fmouthncfs cf
verfe ; whereas tliat of mod other kinds confiAs in
■the-fircnsth and_^/a^- of both. Pofe.

■FU'I^OME. adj. [from.FulIe, Saxon, foul.]
,1. Naufeous; ofFenfive.

He chat Winpfuljpmc objefls to my view.
With naufeous images my fancy fills, '
And all goes down like oxymel of fquills. Rofcommon.

How half the youth of Europe are in arms,
"Yiow fulfipu' muft it be to l^ay behind.
And die of rank difeafes here at home ? Otvay.

a,. Rank ; 'grofs : to the fmell.

White fityrion is of a dainty fmell, if the plant
puts forth white Rowers only, and thofe not thin or
dry, they are commonly of rank miful/ome fmell.

Bacon,

3. Luftful. -

He ftuck them up before ihtfulfimt ewes.

Shakrffearc.

4. Tending to obfcenity.

A certain epigram, which is afcribed to the em-
peror, is more fuljome than any pafTagc 1 have met
with in our poet. Drydtn.

Fu'lsomely. ad-v. [from /uljome.] Nau-

feoufly ; rankly ; obfcenely.
Fu'isoMENESs. K. /. [from /ul/ome,']

1. Naufcoufnefs.

2. Rank fmell.

3. Obfcenity.

No decency is confidered, no /ul/omenr/t is omit-
ted, no~venom is wanting, as far as dulnefs can
fupply it. Drydtn.

Fv M Apo. n. /. [fiimus, Latin.] A fmoked
fi(h.

Filh thai fcr^e for the hotter countries, they ufed
at firft to fume, by hanging them upon long fticks
•nc by one, drying them with the I'moke of a fofl
and continual Are, from which they purchafed the
name o\Jumad(^es. Carrw.

Fu'mace, ». /. [froni fumus, Latin,]
Hearthmoney. /)/.'?.

Vu'matory. n. /. fumnria, Latin, fumt-
Urrt. French.] An herb.

Her fallow leas
The darnO, hemlock, and rank fumalory.
Doth root upon. Sbakcjptarc'i HevryV .

To FU'MBI.E. -v. n. [fummeUii, Dutch.]
t. To attempt any ching aukwardly or un-
gainly.

Our mechanick theifts will JvHjtlhe'r atoms never
once to have fumtlcd in ihefe their motions, nor 10
have produced any inept fyftem. Cudivortb^

2. To puzzle; to ftrain in perplexity.

Am not I a friend to help you out ? .You would
iiave been fumblirtv^ half an hour for this excufc.

firydcn'i Spanijti iFryar.

3, To play childillily.

I fiw him yVW/f with the Oiccts, and play with
Jowcr^ and fmilc ufon his Aogei'i r nd. Sb-ikiff.

F U M

ToFtr'MBLE. nj. a. To manage aukwarJly.

As many farcwels as be ftars in heav'n.
With dilkina breath and cor.fign'd kiffcs to thet«.
He fumbles up all in one loofe adieu. Sbake/feare.

His grcafy bald-pate choir
Cimcfuiniling o'er the beads, in fuch an ajony
They told 'emfalfc for fear. Dry. Sftanijh Fryar.

Fu'mbler.. »./. [itomfiimbii.l One who

afts aukwardly.
Fu'mblingly. ad-v. \Jtova fumble, '\ In

an aukward manner.
Fu M E. n. f, \famee French ; fumus, Latin.]

1. Sraoke.

Thus fighting fires a while themTclvet confume ;
Butftreight, like Turks, forc'd on to win or die.

They flrft lay tender bridges of Cat'yxfume,
And o'er the breach in unftuous vapours fly. Dtyi.

2. Vapour; any volatile parts flying away.

Love is a fmoke rais'J with the fimie of fighs :
Beingpurg'd,afirefparklingin lovers eyes. Shakeff,

It were good to try the taking of fumci by pipes,
as they do in tobacco, or other things, to dry and
comfort. Bacon.

In Winter, when the heat without is lefs, breath
becomes fo far condenfed as to be vilible, flowing
out of the mouth in form of a fumr^ or craffer va-
pour; and may, by proper %'efiels, fet in a flrong
freezing mixture, be colledled in a coufiderable quan-
tity. IVood'jiard,

3. Exhalation from the ftomach.

Theyawfr of drink difcompofe and ftupify the
brains of a man overcharged with it. South.

Plung'd in llolh we lie, and fnorefupine.
As lili'd \-.\\\\ fumes of undigeded wine. Dryden.

Pow'r,like new vvine,does your weak brain furprize,
And iKtaai fames in yourdifcourfes rife;
But time thefe yielding vapours will remove :
Mean while I'll tafte the (obcr joys of love. Dryden.

4. Rage ; heat of mind ; paffion.

The fumes of his paflion do really intoxicate and
confound his judging and difcerning faculty. South.

5. Any thing unfubftantial.

When Duncan is adeep, his two chamberlains
Will I with wine and wafl'elfo convince.
That memory, the warder of the brain.
Shall be a fume. Shakefpenre's Macbeth.

6. Idle conceit; vain imagination.

Plato's great year would liavc fome effefl, not in
renewing the ftate of like individuals; for that is the
fume of ihofe, that conceive the celeftial bodies have
more accurate influence upon thefe things below, than
they h.ive, but in grofs. Bacon.

■To lay afide all that may feem to have a (hew of
fumes and fancies, and to fpeak folids, a war with
Spain is a mighty work. Bacon.

To Fume. 1;. n, [/umer, FctuCa ; f'u/no,

Latin.]
I . To fmoke.

Their pray'rs pafs'd
nimeiifionlefs tliiougli heav'niy doors ; then clad
With iiicenfe, where the golden 3]urfum'd
By the great interceifor; came in fight
Before their father's throne. Milian's ParadifeLofi.

From thence Khefuming trail began to fpread,
Ar.d lambent glories daiic'd about her head. Dryden.

Strait hover round the fair her airy band;
Some, as (he fipp'd, ihtfuming liquor fann'd. I'cfe.

?. To vapour; to yield exhalations, as by
heat.

Jle up the libertine in a field of feafls.
Keep his brainyi/m/»^. Shakeff. Am, and Cletfalr^.

Silenus lay,
Wliofeconftantcyps Uyfummg (0 his brain.
And always boil in each extended vein. RofcommeH.
3. To.pafsaway in vapours.

We have
No anger in our eyes, no ftorm, no lightning:
Our hate is fpent andy^m"// away in vaiiour.
Before our hands be at work. Ben Jonfon't Catiline.
Their parts arc kept from _/»«iV;g away by iheit
; fixity, anJ a'fo by the vaft weight and dcnnty of the
almofpheres incumbent Ufon them. Cheyne.

The hrft frelh datvn then wak'd the gladdtn'd race.
Of uDcoriuptcJ owr^ nijr bluib'd to fee,

irc.
flame, 7

Dryi. %

FUN

The flujfard fleep beneath its facred beam ;

For their light (lumbers gentlcy«m'</ away, thtmfot,

4. To be in a rage ; to be hot with anger.

When he knew his rival free'd and gone.
He fwells with wrath ; he makes outrageous moan :
He frets, hi fumes, he flares, he (lamps the ground.
Tiie hollow tow'r with clamours ring around. Dryden,
To Fu ME. f . (I,

1. To fmoke; to dry in the fmoke.

Thofe that ferve for hot countries they ufed »f
firft to fume, by hanging them upon long flicks one
by one, and drying them with the fmoke of a f.ilt
fire. Cjrfxy-

2. To perfume with odours in the fire.

&hzfum'J the temples with an od'rous flame,
And olt before the facred altars came,
To pray (or him who was an empty name.

The fuming of the holes with brimitone, garlicky,
or other unfavory things, will drive moles out of the
ground. Mortimefm

3. To difperfe in vapours.

The heat will fume away moll of the fcent.

Mortimer,

Fu M e't. ». /. The dung of the deer,
FUME' TIE. n. /. [French.] A word in-
troduced by cooks, and the pupils of
cooks, for (he ftink of meat.

A haunch of ven'fon made herfweat,
Unlefs it had the nghtfumetie. Sviift.

FU'MID. adj. \Jumidus, Latin.] Smoky ;
vaporous.

A crafs and fumid exhalation is caufed from the
combat of the fulphur and iron with the acid and
nitrous fpirits of iijuafrtis. Brozvn,

FuMi'oiTY.w.y. [f[om/uf/u'd.] Smokinefs;

tendency to fmoke. Diiff.

To FU'MIGATE. -v. ». [from fumus, Lat.

fiitniger, French.]

1. To fmoke; to perfume by fmoke or vx-
pour.

Would thou preferve thy famifh'd family,
With fragrant thytne the c\ty fumigate.
And break the waxen walls to fave the llate. Dryien,

2. To medicate or heal by vapours.
Fumiga'tion. ». f. [fumigatio, Latin;

fumigati'.n, Fr. from fumigate.'^

1 . Scents raifed by fire.

Fumigations, often repeated, arc very beneficial.

Arbutbnel,
V[y fumigation is to Venus, ju(l
The fouls ot rofes, and red coral's dull :
And, lart, to make my fumigation good,
'Tis mixt with fparrows brains and pigeons blood.

Drydm,

2. The application of medicines to the body

in fumes.

Fu'mingly. ad'U. [from_/W/.] Angrily;
in a rage.

That which we move for our letter learning and
inl^rudlion fake, turneth unto anger and choler in
them : they grow altogether out of quietncfs with it ;
they anfwer fumingty, that they ar« afliamed to
defile their pens witij making anfwer to fuch idle
queftions. Ihc kcr.

Fu'miter. ». / A plant.

Why, he was met c\ en now.

As mad as the vext (ea ; (inging aloud,

Crown'd with rauky^m/Ver and furrow weeds. Shak,
VM'i,iO\3%.\ad.[fumcux-je, French; fro^l
Fu'my. J /"""•'ji Producing fumes.

From dice and wine th« youth rctir'd to rell,
And puflT'd ihefumy god from out his bread :
Ev'n then he dreamt of drink and lucky play ;
More lucky had it lalled 'till the d.av. Viyien,

Fun. It. f. [A low cant word.] Sport;
high rnerriment; frolickfome delight.

Ooa't mind me, though, for all ray fun and jokes.
You binds may find us bloods good-natur'J folk^i

More.

Fu'nctiok. ti. f, {/.mllio, Latin.]
1 . Difcharge ; performance^

The«

,. F U N

Thrte i» hardly a greattr difference between two
t!imgs thsn theje is between a reprt-fenting commoner
in the fanciion ot hispublick caliiiig, ami the Time
peit'oQ in common lile. Szu}ft,

X. Employment ; ofSce.

7*he miairtry is not now bound to any one tribe :
now none is Iccljded from \lail funSha of any de-
cree, llate, or calling. IVhiigifu.

You have paid the hcav'ns yourJanSfio/r^ and the
prtfocer tiie very other debt of your calling.

Sbakefp Meitfun fi,r Mfafure.

Nor was it any policy, or obftinicy, or partiality
of aHedion either to the men or theiryV^/fl/o/r, which
filed mc. t^'"g Charles .

This dooble fu)i3ia» of the goddefs gives a con-
Cderable light and beauty to the ode which Horace
has addreil'ed to her. Addifan.

Let not thefe indignities difcourage us froia ifl'ert-
ing the juft privileges and pre-eminence of our holy
funflion and character. Atltrbury,

3. Single aft of any office.

Without difference thofe /s^fliinrr cannot, in or-
derly fort, be eiecuted. Hooker.

They ha»t feveral offices and prayers agaiiilt hre,
tempcth, and efpecially for the dead, in which
J'unflitns they ufc facerdoul gumcnts.

Siilliiig^ttl,

4. Trade; occupation.

Follow fa<i\funakn j go, and batten on cold bits.

Sbakefpeare.

5. Office of any particular part of the body.

The bodies of men, and other animals, are excel-
lently well iitted for life and motion ; and Che fc-
\cral parts of them well adapted 10 their particular
funBiont. Btntley^i SermDrts,

6. Power; faculty: cither animal or Intel*
leftual.

Tears in his eyes, diflndlioD in his alpc^i
A broken voice, and his whole funSiion luiting
With forms to his conceit, Hhakjfetrt' i Hamlet.

Nature feems
Tn all hcr/unShnt weary of heifclfi
My race of glory run, and rate of (hame (
And 1 (hill (hortly be with them that relf. Miltoir.

Whaicve. warms the heart, or fills the head.
As the mind opens, and ntfunliiont fpread,
Invagination plies her dangVous arr.
And pours it all upon the peccant part. Pife-

Though every human conllilution is mortHd, yet
arc their ditcafes coniitlent with the common June-
licnioihit. Arbulhnol,

FuKD. »./. \fon(l, Ykw^\ fuhdo, a bag,
Latin.]

1, Stock; capital; that by which any ex-
pence is fupporti-d.

lie touches the palTions mor< delicately than Ovid,
and performs all this out of his own funi^ without
diving into the arts and fciences for a fupply,

Drjden.

Part muft be left, tfuitj when foes invade.
And partemploy'd to roll the wjtry tide. Dryden.

In preaching, no men fjccced better than thofc
•vbo trull entirely to the Hock tit fund of their own
reafon, advanced indeed, but not overlaid bv com-
merce with book;. S'uift.

2. Stock or bank of money.

As my e:*jte has been hiiherto cither toft upon
Teas, or Huifiuating \n jandi, it is now fixed in Tub.
ftantial acres. jiddifon.

FU'NDAMENT. b. /. {fundamentum,
Latia.] The back part of the body.

Fundame'.vtal. adj. [fundamenlali! , La.
tin, from fundamtni.\ Serving for the
foundation ; that upon which the reft ia
built ; effential ; important ; not merely
accidental. '

Until this can be agreed upon, one m.iin andyiw-
dament at cim!c of the moft grievous war is not like
(o be taken from the earth. Raleigh.

You that will be lefs fearful than difcreet,
That love ihc /Mndumental part of ftatc,
More than you doubt the charge of 't. Xhaiefli.

Others, when lliey were brought to allow the
throne vacant, thought the fuccefliaa IbouU bo to tb(

Vou J.

•FUN

next heir, accordiijg to t\\tj'u>id.imenul\mi% of the
kingdom, as if the lift king tvere aftually d».id.

Swift*! Examiner.

Gain fome general and y»»</.3)>jf/rra/ truths, both
in philofophy, in relijior, and in human lilc.

fVatte.

Such we find they are, as can controul
The fcrvile anions of ourwav'ring foul,
Cin Irijht, can alter, or can chiin the will ;
Their ills all built or. life, that fundamental ill.

♦ Prior.

Yet fome there were among the founder few,
Of thofe who lefs prefum'd, and better knew,
Who durft affert the julfer ancient caufe,
And here reftor'd mi' i fundamental laws. Pol>e.

Funda.mi'ntal. «. /. Leading propofi-
tion ; important and eflential part which
is the groundwork of the reft.

We propofe ihequeftion, whether thofe who hold
the/jtndamentalj of faith may deny Chrift damna-
ble in refpeft of fuperitrudtures and conleiuenoes
that arife from them. Scuth.

It is a very juft reproach, that there Oiould be I'o
much violence and hatred in religious matters among
men who agree m iWfuadametiialt, and only ditP-r
in fome ceremonies, or mete fpcculative points.

Sicift.

Fundam'entallv. ad-v. [from funda-
mental.] Effcntially ; originally.

As virtue is hutifundaKcnialh in the intellef>,
fo perfpeiflively in the fancy ; fo that virtue is the
force of reafon, in the coadutt of our anions and
palfions to a good end. Che-u',

Religion.is not only ufeful to civil focicty, but
fundamentally neceflary to its very birth and con.
ftitution. hintlry.

The unlimited jmitT fXiCtifiindamentaltyin the
body of a people, the legiflators endeavour to Jcpo-
Ct in fuch hands as would pteferve the people.

Suif:,
FU'NERAL. n. /. [funus, Latin; fune.
railles, French.]

1. The folemnization of a burial; the pay-
ment of the lad honours to the dead;
obfequies.

Here, under leave of Brutus and the reft.
Com; I to I'peak in CxUr's fwfra!. Sbakrfp,

All things that we ordained feltiva).
Turn from their office to black funeral. Sbaie/f.

He that had caft out many unburied, had none to
mourn for him, nor any Iolemnyu;T<'n;A, nor fopul-
chre with his fathers. 2 Afac. v. 10.

No widow at his funeral Ihall weep. - Sandyi.

2. The pomp or proceflion with which
the dead ahc carried.

The \ongfut'rals blacken all the way. Pofe.

You are ibmctimcs dclirous to ice i funeral piU

by in the Itreet. S^i'i/'t.

3. Burial ; interment.

May he lind \\\l fureral
1' ih' fands, when he' before hU day Ihall fall.

Dcnham.

Fu'neral. adj. Ufed at the ceremony of
interring the deatL

Ourinftruments to melancholy bells.
Our wedding dicir to a difuiteral fcalh Sbakcff.

Let fuch honours
Ani funeral rites, ai 10 his birth and virtues
Are du», be firil pcrfurm'd. Dentam'i Sophy.

Thy hand o'er towns ihs fun'ral torch dil"(.l,ij;,
And torms a thoufand ills ten ihoufand ways.

Dryden.

FvKi'i.EAi. adf. [/«»cjv«, Latin.] Suiting
a funeral ; dark ; difmal.

But if his foul hath wing'd the deftin'd flight.
Inhabitant of deep difailrons night,
Homeward with pious fpced repal's the main,
To the pale tiiidc funere.d rites orJuiii. Pope.

Fc'Nco'si rv. ». /. [from _/"«»f«'.] Unfolid
cxcrefccnce. Di\:7.

Fu'ngoi/s. adj. [from ftitigus.] Excrcf-
cent ; fpongy ; wanting firroncfs.

FUR

Tt id often employed to keep down the Jti^rgoH
lips that fpread upon the bone; but it is mucU
more painful than the efcharottck medicines.

Sbt^rp's Surpery,

FVNGUS. n. f. [Latin.] Striftly a muft\-
room : a word ufed to exprefs fuch ei-
crefcences of flefh as grow out upon tho
lips of wounds, or any other excrefcence
from trees or plants not naturally belong-
ing to them ; as the agarick from the
larch- tree, and aariculx Judas from elder.

The furgeon ought to vary the diet as the fibres
lengthen too inuch, are too tiuid, and produce /«».
^ufes, or as they harden and produce callolities.

Arbutbnot on Diet.

This eminence is compofcd of little points, or
granula, called yi;»gKr, or proud flcfh. .'iharf.

FU'NICLE. n. f. [funiculus, Latin.] A

fmall cord ; a fmali ligature ; a fibre.
FuNi'cuLAn. adj. {funiculairc. French,

from fuHu'.e.'] CoiifilHng of a fmall cord

or fibre.
Funk. «. /. A ftink. A low word.
Fi/'nneL. n. f. [i/ifundihultim, Latin J

whence/itftdiiie, futtdlt, funnei.\

1. An inverted hollow cone with a pipe
defcending from ir, through which li- ■^
quors are poured into veflels with narrow
mouths; a tundifh.

If you pour a glut of water upon a hottle,- it re-
ceives little of it ; but with i funnel, anu bydegrees»
you (hall fill many of them. Hen finftn.

Some the longy««tt(-/'r curious mouth eitteiidf
Through which ingciled. meats with eafe deftend.

Bla,:km.

The outward ear or aui iciila is made iioliow, and
contradted by degrees, to draw the found inward, to
take in as much as may be of it, as we nk*.fimnrl
to pour liquor into any vclfcl. Ray.

2. A pipe or paflage of commi;nication.

■fowards the middle arc two hirgc /«»«/», bored
through the roof of the grotto, 10 kt in li^ht or
frelh air. AjJijon.

FUR. It, f. [fiurture, French.]

1. Skin with foft hair with which garments
are lined for warmtji, or covered fot. or-
■amcnt.

IXcenibci' muft be cxprefTed with a horrl^l■*^l^

fearfol countenance ; as iifo at his back a buiidlirof

holly, holding inyir mittens the lijn of Capricoui.

Piuc'jam on Oraveirr,

*Ti3 but drefling up a bird ot prey in his cap and

ftitr to m.ikc a judge of him. L'£/2range.

And lordly gourwiv;,t up iii_/i/r.
And whcc/.ing al.Hiin.i, loili 10 ftii . Su'ft.

2. Soft hair of bealls found in cold coun-
tries, where nature provides coats fuitabic
to the weather; hair in general.

This nigiit, wherein the cubdrawn bear would
couch.
The lion and the belly-pinched wolf
Keep lhciry«r dry, uuboiinelted he runs,
.^nd bids what will uke .<ll. ■Sb.ikcfp Kiiigl.far,

iitich anim.Us as feed upon ilelh iju^iity ir, fheoi.«
by fwallowing the hair nt fur ol ili-- bcilis they
prey upon, ilie other by devouring Ibir.e part of Iha
feathers of the birds they gorge ihemfelves with.

/f./v on the Creation.

3. Any jiioifture exhaled to fuch a degree
as that the remainder Hicks on the part. '

Mclliiijks I am not right in ev'ry p.irt;
1 feel a kind of trcmblinij at ray he.itt;

My pulfe unequal, and mybrv-aih is ftro/ig J
Bcfides a filthyyi/r iijion my tongue. ■ DryJm.

To Fur. -v. a. [from the noim.]
I. To line or cover with (l-Jns that have
foft hair.

Il'iw mad a fiflit it w:is to fee Dameii'. lil-.e

rich '.iitucyM/'/'r.y with lambtkinsf .Sidnrv.

5 N Tt»ioujh

FUR

Tlirmigh ttlfer'd deaths fmall rices Jo app«ar,
Kobcs ini fun' J gowns hide all. Sbakt/f.

You are for dreams and flumbers, brother prielt ;
You y«r your gloves withreafons. Soakeff>\

i. To cover with foft matter.

To make lampblaclc, take a torch and hold it
under the bottom of a latten bafon ; andi as it
groweth to \>t furred and black withini llrikc it with
> feather into fome (hell. Ptaebam.

Three filiers, mourning for their brother's lofs,
Their bodies hid in bark, tnifurr'd with mofs.

Drydin.

Their firying blood compels to irrigate
Their dry/xir V tongues. Piilift.

A dungeon wide and horrible ; the walls
On all (licsfurr'd with mouldy damps, and hung
With clots of ropy gore. Addifon.

Fur. ai'v. [It is now commonly written
_/ar,] At a diftance.

The white lovely dove
Doth on her wing her utmoft fwiftnefs prove,
finding the gripe of faulcon fierce nox fur. Sidney.

Fur-wrought, adj. [fur and 'wrought.']
Made of fur.

Silent along the mazy margin ftray,
And willi thtfur-vn-ougii fly delude the prey.

Gay's Pafi.

Fura'cious. adj. \furax, Lat.] Thievilh;

inclined to fteal. Dia.

Fura'city. n, f. [from y»r<7jr, Latin.]

Difpofition to theft ; thievilhnefs.
Fo'rbelow. ». /. A piece of fluff plaited
and puckered together, either below or
above, on the petticoats or gowns of
women. This, like a great many other
words, is the child of mere caprice.

Tre-v. Dia.
Viy, oft in dreanis invention we beftow
. To change a flounce, or add ifurbelovj. Pope.

yi Fu'rbelow. -v. a. [from the noun.]
To adorn with ornamental appendages of
drefs.

When ai^uments too fiercely glare.
You calm them with a milder air ;
To break their points, you turn their force,
Axiifurbelcnv the plain difcourfe. Prior.

She was flounced zni furltel6V}ed \ every ribbon
was crinkled and eveiy jart of her garments in curl.

Addifn.

7»Fu'rbish. •«. a. [fourbir, French.] To

burnifh ; to poliih ; to rub to brightnefs.

It may enter Mowbray's waxen coat,
Atiifuriijb new the name of John o'Gaunt.

Shahff. Rich. II.

Furhifh the fpean, and put on the brigandincs.

7n-. xlvi. 4.

Some others v.hofurbIfh up and reprint his old
trrours, hold that the fuSiirings of the damned are
rot to be, in a ftrift fenfe, eternal ; but that, after
a certain period of time, there (hall be a general
gaoUdeiiveiy of the fouls in prifon, and (bat not a
lanher execution, but a final relealc. South,

As after Numa'g peaceful reign,
The martial Ancus did the fceptrc wield ;
I'urbifh'd the nifty fword again,
Refum'd the long-forgotten Ihicld,
And led the Lilins to the dully field. Dryden.

Inferior minillcrs, for M;»rs repair
Hlf broken a«Ic-trcr, and blunted war ;
And fend him foith again, w'nh furiifi'd ttmu

Diyden.

Fu'rbuhfr. 71. f. Ifourliffeur, French;

from furbifh.^ One who polifhes any

thing.
Furca'tion.»./. [j^arf/7. Latin. ] Forki-

nefs ; the ftate of (hooting two ways

like the blades of a fork.

When (lags grow old they grow \tS% branched,
and firrt lofe their brow-antlcis, or Xovitfifurraiians
next the head. Urovin

FV'RFUR. n. f. [Latin.] Hulk or chafFJ
fcQtf or daadriflf, that grows upon the

FUR

(kin. With forae likenefs to bran. ^'miy.
Fu Ri- V R a'c ■i.ovi. adj. [/ur/ioar^a*, Latin.]

Huiky; branny; fcaly.
FU'RIOUS. adj. ifurieux, French -.furiofus,

Latin.]

1. Mad; phrenetick.

No man did ever think the hurtful aftions of
furiout men and innocents to be punUhable.

Honker,

2. Raging; violent; tranfported by paiTion
beyond reafon.

Who can be wife, amazM, temp'rate and furious.
Loyal and neutral in a moment ? No man.

Shakeff, Macieti.
To be furiout.
Is to be frighted out of fear ; and in that mood.
The dove will peck the eftridge. Shakefp,

Noife, other than the found of dance or fong.
Torment, and loud lament, xa\ furiout rage.

Milton,

3. Violent ; impetuoufly agitated.

With clamour thence the rapid currents drive,
Towards (he retreating fea their furious tide.

Milton.

F'uRiousLV. fli/i;. \(tom furious.'] Madly;

violently; vehemently.

Which when his brother faw, fraught with great

grief

And wrath, he to him \tifi furioujly. Fa. Siu,

They obierve countenance to attend the practice ;

and this carries them on furioujly to that which of

themfelves they are inclined. South,

She heard not half, iofurioufly (he flies ;
Fear gave her wings. Dryden,

Fu'riousness. ». f. [from furious,']

Frenzy ; madnefs ; tranfport of paflion.
T£.FuRL.a». <7. [_/)-^r, French.] Todraw

up ; to contrafl.
When fortune fends a ftormy wind.

Then (hew a brare and prefent mind ;

And when with too indulgent gales

She fwells too much, ihenfurl thy fails. Creech.

Fu'ri.onc. n. f. [paplanj, Saxon.] A
meafure of length ; the eighth part of a
mile.

If a man ftand in the middle of a field and fpeak
aloud, he (hall be heard a furlong in a round and
that in articulate founds. Bacon.

Coming within a fewyVr/ow^jof the temple, they
palfed through a very thick grove. Addifon.

Fu'rlough. ». / [-verlof, Dutch.] A
temporary difmiflion from military fer-
vice ; a licence given to a foldler to be
abfent.

Brutus and Cato might difcharge their fouls,
And give them furh'a for another world ;
But we, like fentries, are oblig'd to fland
In llarlefs nights, and wait th' appointed hour.

Dryden,

Fu'rmenty. m. f. [More properly /r«-
Tnenty, ox frumety , oif rumen turn, Latin.]
Food mad« by boiling wheat in milk.

Remember, wife, therefore, though I do it not.
The feed-cake, the paflies, and furmenty pot.

7ujer.

Fu'rnace. n, f. [/ar«w, Latin.] An in-
clofed fireplace.

Heat not t furnace for your foe fo hot
That it may (inge yourfelf. Shakeff. HemyWW.

TTie fining pot is for CIver and the furnace for
gold. Prov,

We have ^{a furnaces of great diverfilies, that
keep great diverfiiy of heats. Bacon.

The kings of Spain have erected divers furnaces
and forges, lor the trying and fining 01 their gold.

Abbot.

Whofo falleth not down and worihippeth, (liall
the fame hour be caft into the midft of a burning
fiery furnace, Dan.

A dungeon horrible, on all fidei arouod,
As one great /«ra«f, flam'd, Milton,

FUR

To Fc'rnacs. f. a. [from the noun.]
To throw out as fparks from a furnace.
A bad word.

He furnaces
The thick (igns from him. Shakeff. Cymlelint.

To FU'RNISH. 1;. a. [fournir, French.]

1 . To fupply with what is neceflary to 3
certain purpofe.

She hath direfled
How I (ball take her from her father's hou(e;
What gold and jewels the \% furnifh'd with.

Sbakefpetre,
His training fuch.
That he leas furtiifh and Inflruft great teachers.
And never feek for aid out'of himfeif. Shake/,

Thou taAtfurnifh him liberally out of thy flock,

Deut. XV.

Come, thou ftranger, and fum'{fh a table, and

feed me of that thou haft ready. Eccitf,

Auria, having driven the Turks from Corcne,

both by fea and land, furn'fhtd the city with corn,

wine, victual, and powder. Knolles's Hijlory,

1 (hall not need to heap up in(tances ; every

one's reading and converfation will fufliciently

furnifh him, if he wants to be better Itored.

Locke,

2. To give; to fupply.

Thefe fimple ideas, the materbls of all our
knowledge, are fuggefted mi furnifbed to the minij
only by thefe two ways, fenfation and refleflion.

Locke,

It is not the ftate, but a compact among private
perfons that hath furnijhed out thefe feveral remit-
tances. Addifn.

3. To fit up ; to fit with appendages.

Something deeper.
Whereof perchance thele are but furni/hfngr.

Shakefpeare.
Plato entertained fome of his friends at dinner,
and had in the chaijaber a bed or couch, neatly
and cdftly furnifhcd, Diogenes came in, and got
up upon the bed, and trampled it, faying, |
trample upon the pride of Plato. Plato mildly
anfwered. But with greater pride, Disgcnes.

Bacon's Apofhth.

We were led into another great room, furnijhed

with old infcriptions. Addifon on Italy,

4. To equip ; to fit out for any under-
taking.

Will your lordftiip lend me a thoufand pounds to
furnijh me ? Skakcfp. Henry IV.

Ideas, forms, and intellects.

Have furnijh'd out three dilTrent feiSs. Prior.

Doubtlcfs the man Jefus Chrill U furnijhed with

fupcrior powers to all the angels in heaven, becauli;

he is employed in fupeiior work. fVatts,

5. To decorate; to fupply with ornamental
houfehold fluff.

The wounded arm vioviiAfurniJJ:) all their rooms.
And bleed for ever fcatlet in the looms. Halifax.

Fu'rnisher. n, f. [four/tifiar, French;

from furnifh.] One who fupplies or fits

out.
Fu'rnitore. n. f. [fiurniture, French;

from furnijh,]

1. Moveables ; goods put in ahoufe for ufe
or ornament.

No man can tranfport his large retinue, hisfump-

tuou3 fare, and his rich furniture into another

world. South.

There are many noble palaces in Venice ; their

furniture is not very rich, if we except the piflures.

Addifon,

2. Appendages.

By a general conflagration mankind (hall be de-
ftroyed, with the form and all the furniture of the
earth. Tiilalfon,

3. Equipage; embellifhments; decorations.

Young Clarion, with vauntful luftyhed.
After his guife did caft abroad to fare.
And thereto 'gaii hhfurnitures prepare. Spenfer,

The duke is coming : fee the barge be ready.
And fit it with fuch furniture as fuiis
The grcatnelii of his perfon. SbakfJ'f, HemjWW.

Tb»

PUR

The (round muft be of a mixt drown, and latje

tnough, for the hotie's/nrnilure muft be of very fen-
fible coloun. , Dryden.

Fd'rkier. n. J. ffrom/ar.] A dealer in

furs.
Fu'rrow. n. f. [paph, Saxon.]

1. A fmall trench made by the plow for the
reception of feed.

Wheat muft be fowed above /tfrraw before Mi-
chaelmas. Morlimcr.

Then ploughs for feed the UwUXfurrvai broke.
And oxen labour'd firft beneath the yoke. Dryden.

2. Any long trench or hollow ; as a wrinkle.

My lord it is, though time hasplow'd that face
With many /iH-ro'ttT fince I faw it firft ;
Yet I'm too well acquainted with (he ground quite
to forge t i t, Dryd. and Lee' i Oedifu r.

Fu'rrOW-weed. ». /. [furrow zaA rajeed.]
A weed that grows in furrowed land.
Crown'd with rank fumiter, and furmu-iuetdt .

Sbakeffteare.

^0 Fu'rrow. t\ a, [from the noun; frypian,

Saxon.]
I . To cut in fbrrows.

While the ploughman near at hand,
Whiiiles o'er xhzfurrov'd land. MHlon.

a. To divide in long hollows.

No briny tear has pirrmu'd her fmooth check.

Siickliitg,
The billowj fall, while Neptune lays his mace
On the rough fea, and fmooihs xa/inrova'd face.
_, , . Dryden.

3. To make by cutting.

There {o the ftiips \.\\ixfurr(rw out their way;
Yea, there of whales enormous fighu we fee.

ffollon.
Fc'rry. aJj. [from /ur.]
I. Covered with fur; drefled in fur.

From Volgar's banks th' imperious Ciar
Leads forth his furry troopt to war. FeJton.

Z, Confiding of fur.

Stretch out thy laiy limbs, make, iwake.
And Winter from thy /iirry mantle (bake.

DryJtn,
Not arm'd with honu of arbitrary might.
Or claws to feiie their/srryf fpoils in fight.

FU'RTHER. aJj. [from for/h, not from
far, as is commonly imagined; forth,
further, furtheft, corrupted from foriher,
forlhejl, pon«ep, Saxon. Farther is ofed
by Sir 'Thomas Mart. See Forth and
Farther, of which the examples are to
be referred to this word.]

1. At a greater diftance.

3.. Beyond this.

yjhitfuriber need have we of wltneffet.

, Mat. xxvi. 6c.

Satan bad jonmey'd on, penlive and Oow :
Bat fur tier wiy found none, fo thick intwin'd,
Ai one conlinu'd brake, the undergrowth
Of Ihrubs and tangling buthes had perplcx'd
All path of man or beaft that pafs'd that way.

_, . ^ MUtan.

Their eameft eyes they fix'd, imagining
For one forbidden tree a multitude
Now ru'n, to work them funier woe or (hame.

Milton.
I may meet
Some wand'ring fpirii, from him to draw
V/hit furiber would be learn'd.
_ . . Afihtn.

3. farther has in fome fort the force of a
fuWlantive in the phrafc no further, for
nothing further.

I.et this appeafe
Thy doubt, fince human reach Via furiber knows.

u'rther. ad-v. [from /»r/*.] To a
greater diftance.

And the angel of the lord went further, and
Rood in a narrow plwc, H»mb,i^u 2.

FUR

Tfl Fc'rtbbr. -v. a. [from the adverb;
pon'Spian, Saxon.] To put onward ;
to forward ; to promote ; to countenance;
to aflift ; to help.

Things thus fet in ord;r, in (juiet and reft,
ShiU funier thy harvett, and pleafure thee beft.

Tu^tr.
Could their fond fuperftition have furthered fo
great attempts, without the mixture of a true per-
fuafion concerning the irrefiftible force of divine
!»*"• Hooier.

Grant not, O Lord, the defires of the wicked :
further not his wicked device. ff, cxl. 8.

This binds thee then to yVr/irt- my defign,
As I am bound by vow to further thine. Dryden.
Fv'rtherakce. ». /. [from further.}
Promotion ; advancement ; help.

The Gauls learned them firft, and ufej them
only for the furtherance of their Wade and private

Our diligence muft fearch out all helps and
furiherances of diredion, which fcriptures, coun-
cils, fathers, hiftories, the laws and pradtices of all
churches affori. Hooker.

For gain and work, and fuccefs in his affairs,
he feeketh/urMmtmrof him that hath no manner
of power. H^ktr.

Cannot my body, nor Wood facrifice,
Intreat you to your voalti furtherance f

Sbakr/p. Henry VI.

If men were minded to live righteoufly, to be-
lieve a God would be no hindrance or prejudice to
anyfuch defign, but very much for the advance-
ment and furtherance of it. TiUntfon.

Fu'rtherer. ». /. \itom further. \ Pro-
moter ; advancer.

That earneft favourer zni furtherer o( God's true
religion, that faithful fervitor to his prince and

tu'RTHERMORE, aJf. [further and mort.]
Moreover; befides.

This ring I do accept moft thankfully.
And fo, I pray you, tell him : furthermore,
I pray you, (hew my youth old Shylock's houfe.
, Shakeffeare.

tuRTIVE. fl,^ [furti've, Yt. furlivw,
Latin.] Stolen ; gotten by theft.

Or do they, as yourfchemes, 1 think, have (hown,
Dixtfurtrve beams and glory not their own.
All fervants to that fource of light, the fun ?
_, , Prior.

Fu'roncle. »./. [furettde, Yu furun-
<:«/«/, I^tin.] Abife; an angry puftule.

A furuncle is in itj beginning round, hard, and
inflamed ; and as it incrcafeth, it rifeth up with
an acute head, and foraetimes a puftule j and then
it is moie infiamed and painful, when it arrives
at iu ftate, which is about the eighth or ninth day.
_ Wi/eman^

Fu'r y. »./. [funr, Latin ;furtur, French,]

1. Madnefs.

2. Rage; paffion of anger ; tumult of mind
approaching to madnefs.

I do oppofe my patience to hhfury ; and am arm'd
To fufter with a quictncfs of fpirit
The very tyranny and rage of his. Shakefp.

He haih given me to know the natures of living
creatures, and the furies of wild hearts.

- , /. , . . ^!/<^- »'i- »0.

3. fcntnuJiafm; exaltation of fancy.

Taking up the lute, her wit began to be with a
imiK fury infpircdj and her voice would, in fo
beloved an occafion, fecond her wir. Sidney.

A fybil, that had number'd in the world
The fun to courfe two hundred compafles.
In her prophetick/Kij- few'd the work. Slxkfp,

Greater than human kind (he fcem'd to look.
And with an accent more than mortal fpoke;
Her rtaring eyes with fparkling/ai^jr roll.
When all the god came ruihing on her foul.

Dryden* t /En.

4. [From furia, Latin.] One of the
deities of vengeance, and thence a ftormy,
turbulent, violent, raging woman.

F U S

Tht light of any of the houfe of York,
Is as a fury to torment my foul. ShakiJ%,

It was the moft proper place for tifury to make
herexit; and I believe every trader's imagination
IS plealcd, when he fees the angry goddcfs thus
linking in a tempeft, and plunging herfelf into hell,
amidtt fuch a (ccne of horror and confufion.

FTTK-r /• r o Addifon on Italy.

I'URZ. w. /. [pipr, Saxon; genif.a fpinofa ,
Lat.] Gorfe; gofs.

The whole plant is very thorny : the flower*,
which are of the pea-bloom kind, are difpofed in
Ihort thick fpikes, which are fucceeded by ftioit
comprelTed pods, in each of which are contained
three or four kidney-fliaped feeds. Miller,

Carry out gravel to fill up a hole.
Both timber and furxin, the turf and (he cole.

_ , , , Tyff'r.

For fcwel, there groweth great ftore of furae,
of which the (hrubby fort is called tame, and the
better grown French. Carew,

We may know.
And when to reap the grain, and when to fow.
Or when to fell the /j,ra;«. Dryden's Firgit.

¥v Rzy. ad/, [from furze.] Overgrown
with furze ; full of gorfe.

Wide through the/jrr»y field their rout they take,
Their bleeding bofoms force the thorny brake.

Foscation, ». /. [fnfcui, Latin.] T?c

aft of darkening or obfcuriwg. Dt\fl.

To FUSE. -v. a. [fundo, fufum, Latin.]

To melt; to put into fufion; to liquify

by heat.
To Fuse. 'v. n. To be melted ; to be cap«.

ble of being liquified by heat.
Fu'see. n. f. [ffeau, French.]

1. The cone rotind which is wound the
cord or chain of a clock or watch.

The reafon of the motion of the balance is bf
the motion of the next wheel, and that by the md-
tion of the next, and that by the motion of the
fufee, and that by the motion of the fpring : the
whole frame of the watch carries a reafonableneft
in it, the pa(rive imprclTian of the intclleftual idea
that was in the artilt. Hale.

2. A firelock [iiomfuftl, French]; a fmall
neat mufquet. This is more properly
written y«/f/.

Fu« E of a bomb or ^ranado fliell, is that
which makes the whole powder or com-
pofition in the Ihell lake fire, to do the
defigned execution. 'Tis ufually a
wooden pipe or tap filled with wildfire,
or fome fuch matter; and is intendetl
to bum no longer than is the time of the
motion of the bomb from the mouth of
the mortar to the place where it is to fall,
which time Anderfon makes twenty-
feven feconds. Harris.

Fu'see. Track of a buck. Ainfvjorth.

Fu'siBLE. adj. [from/tt/J.] Capable of
being melted ; capable of being made
liquid by hear.

Colours afforded by mctajline bodies, either col.
liquate with, or otherwife penetrate into other bo.
dies, efpeciallyyiiZ/i/f ones. Boyle.

FustBi't-iTV. n, f. [from fuftblt.'] Ca-
pacity of being melted ; quality of grow,
ing liquid by heat.

The ancients obferving In that material a kind
of mctallical nature, or at Icalt a fujiliility, feein
to have refolved it into a nobler ufe.

IVoltcn's ArchlleEtuit.

The bodies of moft ufe, that are fought for out of

the depths of the earth, are the metals which are

diftiruuifhed from other bodies by their weight,

fujitillly, and malleablenefs. Locke.

Fv'iiL.adj. [fuftle, French; fufilis, Latin.]
5 N 2 I Capable

FU S

X. Capable of being melted; liqulfiabk by
heat.

Some, kfs (kijful, fancy tliefe fcapi that occur m
jnoft of ihe laiger Goihick buildingj of England are
•riifieial i and will have if, that they are a kind of
/«f/ marble. iFoodward.

3. Running by the force of heat.

The li<juid ore he drain'd
Into fit molds prepar'd ; from which he form'd
Firft hitownrools: ihen.what might elfe be wrought
/V/f//, orgrav'n iqmelal. Millon's Partdife Lojl.

Perpetual flames,
O'erCind^nd alhes, and the ftubbom flint.
Prevailing, turn into iMI fea. Pbilifs.

Fu'siL. n.f. [fii/il, French.]

1. A firelock''; a fmall neat mufquet.

2. [In heraldry; from fufus, Latin.]
Something like a fpindle.

FiifiU muttbe made long, and fmall in the mid4''>
in tlie ancient coat of MonUgue, argent thrce/uji/s
ill icffe gules. Prat/jam.

Fu'siLiER. ». /. [from /«//.] A foldier

armed with a fufil; a mufketcer.
Fu'sioN. a./. [/u)to, Latin ; /tt/?off, Fr.

1. The aft of melting.

2, The (late of being melted, or of runniag
with heat.

Metals in fujon do not flame for wait of a cool -
COS fume, except fpelter, whicli fumes copioully,
and thereby flames. Nnvitu's Oft.

Fuss. ». /. [A low cant word.] A tu-
mult ; a buftle.

End as it befits your flation ;
Come to ufe and application ;
Nor with fenatcs keep a/V/i ;
I fubmit, and anfwer thus. Sv/ifi.

FUS1\ ft./. [/"/', French.]

1. The trunk or body of a column.

2. [From /jifie, French.] A ftrong fmell,
as that of^a mouldy barrel.

To Fust. -v. ». [from the noua.] To grow

mouldy; to fmell ill.
FU'STIAN. ». /. [futaine, French ; from ,

fujle, a tree, becaufe cotton growi.on"'

trees.]

1. A kind of cloth madet)f linen and cot-
ton, and perhaps now of cotton only.

Is fupper ready, the houfe Irimm'il, the fer-
ving-men in their new fvjlian and their white
ftockings ? Sbakt/ftare.

2. A high fwelling kind of wrltini? made
up of heterogeneous parts, or of words
and ideas ill .-liTociated ; bombaft.

Nor will you raife in me combuftian,
By dim of high heroick fu^iun. Hudi'irai.'

VihufiiJliJi have I heard thcfe gentlemen find
cmt in Mr. Cowley's odes! In general, I will fay,
that nothing can appear more beautiful to me than
the ftrcngth of thofe images which they condemn.

Dryden.

FuJIian is thouehts and words ill fortcd, and
without the Iralt reUtion to each other. DryJrn,

Chance thoughts, vvhen govern'd by the clore»
Ofl fife \x> JuJiinK, or defceod to pfofe. Smith,

Ft-'tTiAN. udj. [ftom the nouu.]

1 . Maile of fuftian.

2. Swelling; unnaturally pompons; ridi-
cnloufly tumid. Ufedofftilc.

When men argue, th' greatell part
O' th" conteft falls on terms of art,
Until the /»/?/<»« lIufT be fpent.
And then thet fall to th" argument. fJudlirat.

Virgil, if ht could have feen the firft vtrfes of

the Sylvar, would have thought Statius mad in his

fiiftian defcription of the ftatue on the brazen horfe.

Dryden' t Dufrrfm>y.

Fu'sTic, n.f. A fort of wood brought
from the Weft- Indies, ufed in dying of
cloth. Did.

To Fu'sTiGATE. 'V. a. [fi'Jiign, Latin.]
To beat with a ftick; to cane. Dia.

Fustila'rian. n.f. [from /«/?)'.] A
low fellow; a ftinkard; a fcoundrel.
A word ufed by Shakcfpeare only.

Away, youfcuUion, you ram pall ian, loufujlila-
rian : I'll tickle your cataftrpphe. Slale/f.

Fu'sTisfss. »./. [from /«/?)•.] Mouldi-

nefs; (link.
FusTV. ai/J, [from fiift.] lU-fmelling;
mouldy.

Hcflor Ihall have a great catch, If he knock out
either of your brains : he were as good crack 3/u/ly
nut with no kernel. Shakt/^^^te.

The fiijy plebeians hate thine honours, ^hakj
The large Achilles, at this/»/v ftuff.
From his deep cheft laughs out a loud applaufe.

Shukffpeaye,

FU'TILE. adj. [futile, Fttnch ^ futilis,

Latin.]
I. Talkative; loquacious.

Oar/ali/e pcrfaii, that maketh it his glory to
tell, will do more hurt than many that know it their
duty to conceal. Bacon..

z. Trifling; worthlefs; of no weight.
Fu T i' L I T Y. n. /. [futiltie^ French ; from
fuiile.1

1. Talkativencfs; loquacity.

Tills fable does not ftrike fo much at the fittWiiy
of women, as at the incontinent levity of a prying
humour. L'Ejfran^.

2. Ttiflingncfi ; want of weight ;. want of
folidity.

Trifling y»(/V/y( appears in their ligns of the 1:0-
diack, and tlieir mutual relations and afpe^s.

btnt'.ty,

Fu'ttocks. ». /. [corrupted from foot

hooks. Skinmr.] The lower tjiljbers that

hold the (liip together.
FU'TURE. aJJ. [fiiturtis, iMin ;. fular,

French.] That which will be hereafter;

to come : as, the future ftate.

Glory they fung to the moft High ! good will
To future men, and in their dwcUings peace.

Milton.
He fows the teeth at Pallas's command,
And flings ihtfiiture people from his hand.

Add if in' s Ovid.

Fu'ture. n. f. [from the adjeftive.J
Time to come; fomcwhat to happen
hereafter.

TliyleflfeBiiavetranfporteJfnttli^SttJ .
This ign'rant prefent time ! and 1 feel now
TiM future in the inllant. Sbakefpeiri't Macheth,

The mind, once Jaded by an attempt above it*
power, either is dilabled for the future, or elfe
checks at any vigoiout undertaking ever after,

Lecie,

Fu'turely, ath, [{rom fu/ure^ Intio^e
to come.

This prefcience of Cod, as it is prefciencet ii
not the caufe of any thing futurely fuccceding ;
neither doth God's^aforeknowiedge impole any ne-
cellity, or bind. Raleigh,

Futuri'tion. w. / • [from /«^«rrf.] The
ftate of being to be ; the condition of be-
ing come to pafs hereafter.

Is it imaginable, that the great means of «he
world's redemption fliould reft only in the number
of poffibiliiies, and hang fo loofe in refpeS of its
fuiuriilon, as to leave the event in an eijual poifc,
whether ever there fliould be fuch a thing or na >

S^utlk

Futu'rity. w. /, [from /K/»n-i]

1 . Time to come ;: events to come.

Not my fervice paft, nor prefent forrows.
Nor purios'd merit in futurity.
Can ranfom me. Sbakeffiare'tOthcUt.

I will contrive fome way 19 make It known tor
futurity, that L had your lordlhip for my patron.

Sviifi,

2. Ev^nttocomc

All /«/»'("//■« are naked befoie that All-feeing;-
Eye,, tlie light of which is no more Kindred by
diltanoe of time than the fight of an angel can be-
determined by diftance of place. South.,

This, great Amphiarus, lay hid from tfiee,
Thou fkill'd in fate and iaxV. futurity. Ptpe^

3. The ftate of being to be ; futurition.

It may be well reckoned among the bare pofii*
btlities, which never commence into a futuiity\ it
requiring fuch a tree, fedate and. intent mind, as
it may be,, is- no where found but among the pla-
tonical ideas. Gla/fuillc't Sceffii.

To FUZZ. 'V. n. [without etymology.]

To fly out, in finall particles.
Fu'zzCALL. K. /. [ftzz and ball.'] A
kind of fungus which, when preffed,.
burfts and fcatters dutt in -the eyes.
Fy. imerj. [fy, French and Flemitb; ipHv,
Greek; faA, Lat.] A word of blame
and difapprobation.

And fji on fortune, mine avowed foe,
Whofe wrathful wreaks themfclves do now a!Iiiy.

, ^t^nfer.

Py, my lord ,fy'. a foldier, and afraid ? What

need we fear who knows it, when none can call

our power to account? Hbakefpeare.

A bawd, fir, fy upon him ! Sbakeffeate.

But j5'> my wand'ring mufe, how-thou do'ft llray !

Expeflance calls thee now another way. Miltotii

Nay, fit, what mean you in this open place ?
Unlund me, or, 1 fwear, I'll fcratch your face :
Ixt go, for Ihame j you make me maj for fpite :
My mouth's my own; and if you kifs, I'll bite.

J)ryden.
Fy, madani,hectitd, wemuflbe paft all ihefc
gaities. T*i/er^

G.

G.

GAB

GHas two founds, one from Ae
Greek r, and the Latin, which is
called that of the hard G, becanfc
ix is formed by a prelTure foraewhat hard
of the forepart of the tongue 'againft the
upper gum. This found G retains be-
fore a, 0, u, I, r ; as, gate, go, gull.
The other found, called that of the foft
C, refcmbles that of J, and is com-
inonly, thoagh not always, found before,
#, / ; as, gim, gibbtt. Before », at the
end of a word, g is commonly melted
•way ; as in the French, from which
thefe words are commonly derived : thus,
for benign, malign, condign, we pronounce
benine, maline, cindine. It is often (tlent
in the middle of the 'vords before h ; as,
nights The Saxon D, 3, feems to have
had generally the found of _;• con fonant ;
whence gate is by rufticks ftill pronoun-
ced jate.
GA'sARDinc. v./. [gavardina, Italian.]
A coarfe frock ; any mean drefs.

My bcft w»y i» to crtep under his raiarJtne ;
there is no other (heltcr hereabouts. Sbakr/ptare.

You call me mifbclierer, cut-throat dog.
And fpit upon my Jcwilh gaiurtHjie, Shakef,

The knight did Ihait fubmit,
And laid his weapons at her feet :
Next he difrob'd httgaiarjine.
And wiih it did himrdi rcfign, HuJiirat.

ToGa'bble. i-.n, [gtu>bare;\t»V\aa;gah-

beren, Dutch. J
I. To make an inarticulate nolle.

When thou could'ft not, favagc.
Shew thine own meaning, but would '11 gahble lilte
A thing molV biutilh, 1 cnJowM thy purooCes
With words that made ihem known. Sbtkrfpearc,

Flocks of fowl, thai when ilie icmpeft roar,
With their hoarTe gaii/lrtgfaV. the fileot (hoar.

ti To prate loudly without meaning.

Ha« you no wit, manncrj, iior honcity, but to
gftUr I;ke ti.ikcrs at this lime of night • Do ye
make ao alchoulic of my lady's houfe ?

Shjkiffeati'i T-welfil) Night.

Which maJefome think, wlicn he did raW/c,
Th' bad heaid three laboureis of Babel, HuJiirai.

Sucb a roi.t, and fuch .) rabble.
Run to hear Jack Pujilii.g gaiile. Sulfl,

Ga'bble. n.f. [from the verb.]
). Inarticulate noife like that of brute ani-
mals.

Not to know wirat we fpe.nk one to another, fo

we feem to know, is to know ftraight our purpofc :

•liei^gh's language, gai>6ie en.3ugh, and good enough.

SljakcJiKart't A 7'j v>cll ibat tndi luill.

Z, Loud talk without meaning

Forthwith a hideoiu^n^ii/r riles toui
Among the buiUletij each to other calls,
not-ur.deiftood. Milton' t ParadlfiljiJI.

Ga'«ei,p.R. n.f. [frora^oW/<r.J A prater ;
a chattering fellow.

Ga'iel. n. J. [gabflle, Tnnch ; gaiella,
Julian ; ^ajrel, Saxan, a tribute.] An
cxcife i ■*. tax.

GAD

The galels of Naples are very high on oil, wine,
and tobacco. Addijon in Italy.

GAinON, n. /. [French.] A wicker
baflcet which ii filled with earth to make
a fortification or intrenchment.

His battery was defended all along ■m^gahicm,

and calks tilled with fand. Knallei.

Gamble, n. /. [go'val, Wellh ; gable,

French.] The floping roof of a building.

Take care, that all your brick-work be covered
with the tiling, according to the new way of
building, without ;ai/e ends, which arc very heavy,
and very apt to let the water into the brick-work.

Afcrlimer^i Uujhandry.

Gad, n.f. jab, Saxon; gaddur, lilandiclc,
a club.]

1. A wedge or ingot of fleel.

Hemilh fteel is brought down the Rhine to Dorf,
and other parts, fome in bars, and fome in gads ;
and therefore called Flemilh i\eel, and fometimcs
gad fteel. ' Moxoh'i Med. Exrr.

2, It feems to be ufed by Shakefpeare for a
ftile or graver [from jab, Saxon, a goad.

I will go get a leaf ut brafs.
And with a guduf lied will write thefe words.

Sbalccfffeare.

To Gad. t. «. [Derived by Skinner from
gadjly ; by Junius from gadanu, Wellh, to
forfake ; thought by others only the pre-
terite of the old word ajaan, to go.^ To
ramble about without any fetUed pur-
pofe ; to rove loofely and idly.

How now, my hcadffarong, where have you been
gadding t
— Where 1 have learnt me to repetit. &bakefp.

Give the water nopalTage, neither a wicked woman
liberty 10 ^a</ abroad. Eccle/.xiv. %^.

The letter devils arofe with ghaftly tore.
And thronged forth about the world to gad ;
Each land, they hll'd, river, ibeam and ihore.

Fairfax.

Envy is a gadding paffion, and walketh the
ftrcets, and doth not keep home. Bacon,

Gad not abroad at ev'ry quell and call
Of an untrained hope or paliion ;
To court each place or foriune that doth fall,
It wantonnefs in con'cmplation. Herbert j

Thee, fhepherd, thee the woods and defart caves,
With wild iliyme and the gadding vine o'crgrown.
And all their echo's moan. Milti>n.

A fierce loud buzzing breeze j their flings draw
blood.
And drive the atilc gadding through the wood.

Drj/den,

She wreaks her anger on her rival's head ;
With furies frights her from her native home,
And dritcs hci gadding, round the world to roam.

Drjt/en.

There's an ox loft, and this coxcomb runs a
gadding after wild fowl. L' Iflrjnge,

No wonder their thoughts (bould be peipetually
Oiifting from what difgufts them, and leek better
f niertainment in more pleafing objetls, after which
they wi.l uiiavoUably ixegadding. Locke.

Gaduek. //./. [from gat/.] A rambler :
one that runs much abroad without bu-
fincfs.

A driinkCT) woman, and a gadJcr abroad, caufcth
{real aii^cr, and Ok will not tovci her own ftiame.

Ecclif. XXVI..8

GAG

Ga'dcingly. ad-v. [from gad,"] In a
rambling, roving manner.

Ga'dfly. n.f. [gad znify; hvithy Skin-
ner, who makes it the original oi gad ;
it is called^oafl)?y. Suppofed to be ori-
ginally from goad, in Saxon jab, and
fly,'\ A fly that when he llings the
cattle makes them gad or run madly
about ; the brcefe.

The fly called the gadfly breedeth of fomewliar
that fwimmeth upon the top of the water, and is inoft
about ponds. Bacon's N.ii. Hiji,

Light fly his (lumbers, if perchance a flight
Of angry gadjiics rallcii on the herd. Tlxmpfom

Gaff. n.f. A harpoon or large hook.

Ainfiuorth.

GArrfS., n.f. [^epepe, companion, Sax-
on.] A word of refpcft now obfolete,
or applied only in contempt to a mean
perfon.

For gaffer TreadwtU told us by the bye, .
Excellive ibrrow is exceeding dry. day's PufioraU,
Ga'ffles. n.f. [gapelucap, fpears, Saxon.]

1. Artificial fpurs put upon cocks when they
are fet to fight.

2. A fteel contrivance to bend crofs-bows.

Aiuf-juorth,

To Gac. t. n. [from gaghel, Dutch, the

palate, Minfhaiv.^ 'Jo ftop the mouth

with fomething that may allow to breathe,

but binder to (peak.

He's out of his guard already : twlefs you laugh
and miniftcr occalion to him, he is gagg'J.

Shakefp. ^ixielflh Nig^hi.
There foam'd rebellious logick, jd^'^ aud bound.

I'ipe.
Gag. n.f. [from the verb.] Something
put into the mouth to hinder fpecch or
eating.

•Some, when the kids their.dams too deeply drain, .
With gagtini muzzles their foft mouths relirain.

DryJin.

Your woman would have run up ftairs before me j

but I have fecured her below with t.gag in hcrchaps.

Dryden,

Gaoe. n. f. \gage, French.]
K A pledge; a pawn; a caution ; anything
given in fecority.

He, when the fhameed (hield of ftain Sansfoy
He fpy'd, with that r.ime fairy champion's page, .
He to him leapr; and that lame envious g^ge.
Of vi^r's gloiy from him fnatchl away.

Fairy ^lu:en.
There I throw my gage,
Difclaiming here thc' kindred oi a king.
And lay alidc my high blood's ruyalty. Shakffp.

There is m-^frage, thC' manual leal of death,
That marks tiicc out lor hell. Sh-ikefptaie,

• They from their motliers breads ['oor orphans rend.
Nor without ga^et to the needy lend.. Sandys.

1 am made the cautionary pledge, .
The gogn and hoftagc of your keeping" it, Southern.

But tificc it was decided, aufpicious kine, .
ill Britain's right that thou (hould'lt wed the main,
Heav'o', as a .^a^e, wuuKl caft fome previous thing,
And thcri.fuiii.a^Ri'd liiat iMiwfoo ibauld be (lain.
' Dr^den.

G A I

Til tny trurti, that gets not poffcffi«n of ouf minis
by felf-cvidcnce or dcmonftration, the arguments thit
gain it aflcnt are the vouchers and gage of its pro-
bability. Loeke.

9. A meafure ; a rule of roeafuring.
One judges, ai the weather diftates, right

The poem it at noon, and wrong at night )

Another judges by a furer g'lgft

An author's principles or parentage. Young.

iTff Gage. -v. a. [gager, French.]
■I . To wager ; to depone as a wager ; to

impawn ; to give as a caution, pledge, or

fecurity.

A moiety competent

VlagagtJ by our king. Shaiefptare.

He found the Turkifli aierchanls malcing merry :

unto thefe menrhants, he gave due falutalions, ga-

ging his faith for their fafety, and they lilcenife to

him. KnoUts's Hi/lory.

-3. To bind by fome caution or furety ; to
engage.

My chief care
It to come fairly off from the great debts
Wherein my time, fomething too prodigal.
Hath left m- gig'J- Shtkfjj>eare.

3. To meafure ; to take the contents of
any veflel of liquids particularly. More
properly gauge. See Gauge.

We Ihall fee your bearing,
—Nay, but I bar to night : you (hall not^^ge me
By what we do to-night. Shakefpeare.

Vo Ga'ggle. v.k. [gageUigagelett, Dutch..]
To make a noife like a goofe.

Birds prune their feathers, ittk gaggle, and crows
fetm to call upon, rain ; which is but the comfort
£bey receive in the relenting of the air.

nacort^i Natural Itljiory.
Way fat geefeja^/f with melodious voice,
And ne'er want gooleberries or apple^fauce. ^iifg-
KJa'ily. ad'v. [from^/y.]

1 . Airily ; cheerfully.

2. Splendidly. See GAYLTi:.
CAIN. ti.f. \gain, French.]

1. Profit; advantage; contrary to /»/i.

But what things were gain to me, thofe 1 counted
lofs for Chrift, Phil. iii. 7.

Befides the purpofe it were now, to teach how
vif>ory fliould be ufed, or the gains thereof com-
<nunicatcd to thegeneral confent. Raleigh.

Havocit and fpoil, andauin are my gain.

Milton.

It is in pralfe of men at in gettings and gaint ;
■for tight gaint make heavy purfcs; for light gains
come thick, whereas great come but now and then.

Bacon*s EJfiys.

This miift be made by fome governor upon his
-own private account, who has a great Hock that
he is content Mlura that wayi and ii invited by
the gains. Temple.

Compute the gains of his ungovem'd leal,
dll fuits h'S cloth the praife of rarting well. Dryden.

Folly fights for kings or dives tor gain., Pope.

3. Intercft ; lucrative views.

That, fir, which ferves {ai gain,
And follows but for form.
Will pack, when it begins to rain,
And leave lliee in the ftorm. 'Shak^eare.

3. Unlawful advantage.

Did I make a ga'ut ol you by ^ny of them whom
I fent unto you ? 2 Cor. xii. 17,

If pride, it envy, if the luft q{ gain.
If mad Mnbiiion in thy bofom tctgii.
Thou boalt'it, alas ! thy fobcr fenfe in vain.

Fltxgerald,

4. Overplus in a comparative computa-
tion ; any thing oppofed to lofs.

y« Gain* iu a. [gag/ter, French,]
I. To obtain as profit or advantage.

£g)lpt became a gained ground hy the muddy
and limeous matter brought down by the Nilus,
fthich fettled by degrees into a firm land,

Brc*u:n^i Vulgar Errors.
He gains, to live as HiSt,
Kihtl dejfce 01 liit. Millen.

G At

What reinfoteement we may gain from h»p«,

Milttil.

2. To win ; notto lofe.

A leper once he lo(V, and gain'J tking. Milton.

3. To have the overplus in comparative
computation.

If you have two veffcls to fiU, and you empty one
to fill the other, you gain nothing by that.

BrQiar.'s Theory of the Earth.

4. To obtain ; to procure ; to receive.

I acceptance found, which galn'd
This anfwer from the gracious voice divine. Milton.

That fide from fmall reflexion gains
Of glimm'ring air, lefs vex'd with tempeft loud.

Milton.

If fuch a tradition were endeavoured to be fet
on foot, it is not eafy to imagine how it (hould at
firft^a/« entertainment ; but much more difficult to
conceive however it Ihould come to be univerfally
propagated. Tillotfon's Sermons.

ror fame with toil we^aiVr, but lofe with eafe.
Sure fome to vex, but never all to plcafe. Pope.

5. To obtain increafe of any thing allotted.

I know that ye would gain the time, bccaufe ye
fee the king is gone from me. Dan. ii. 8.

6. To obtain whatever, good or bad.

Ye (hould not have loofed from Crete, and have
gained this harm and lofs. Acts, x»vii. 11.

7. To win againft oppofition.

They who were fent to the other pafs, after a
(hort reliilancc, gained it. Clarendon.

Fat fees from the defended Umbrian draws,
.And on\s gains the wealthy client's caufc.

Dryien's Per/.

O love! for Sylvia'let me gain the prize,
And make my tongue viftorious as her eyes. Pope.

8. To draw into any intereft or party.
Come, with prefenu, laden from the port,

To gratify the queen and gain the court. Dryden.

If Pyrrhus muft be wrought to pity.
No woman does it better than yourfeU :
If you gain him, I (hall comply of courfe.

A. Pimps.

9. To obtain as a wooer.

He never (hall find out fir mate, but fuch
As fome misfortune brings him, or miftake.
Or whom he wilhes moft (hall feldom gain
Through her perverfenefs, but (hall fee her gain'd
By a far worfe. Miittm.

10. 1 o reach ; to attain.

The Weft rtill glimmers with fome ilreaks of day :
"Now fpurs the lated traveller apace,
Togain the timely inn. Shakefjeare* s Macbeth.

Death was the port, which 1 almoll did gain :
Shall I once more be toft into the main ? Walter.

Sun ! found his praife
In thy eternal courfe, both when thou climb'ft.
And when high noon haft gain'd, and when thou
fall'ft. Milton.

We came to the roots of the mountain, and had
a very troubkfome march to gain the 'op of it.

Ad J if en on Italy.

Thus fav'd from death, theyga/» the Pheftan fhores,

With Oiatter'd velTels and difablcd oars. Pope.

11. To Gain crvetr. To draw to another
party or intereft.

ITie court of Hanover (hould have endeavoured
to gain over thofe who were leprefcnleU as their
enemies. Swift.

To Gain, 1;. ».

1 . To grow rich ; to have advantage ^ to
be advanced in intercft or happinefs.

Thou haft taken ufury and increafe, and thou
haft greedily ^a/«ri^ of thy neighbours hy extortions.

Exek. xxii. 12.

2. To encroach : to come forward by de-
grees : with on.

When watchful herons leave their watry flanS,
And mounting upward with erefttj flight,
Xiain OH the (kies, and foar above the light.

Dryden' s Virgil,

So on the land, while here the ocean gains.
In oihcr parts it leaves wide fatidy plains. Pope.

3. 'l"o get ground ; to prevail againft : with

I

G A I

The Eaglilb have not only gained tifm t!i«
Venetians in the Levant, but have 4heir cloth in
Venice itfelf. _ ^ Addifi».

4. 'I'o obtain influence witTi; with on.

My good behaviour had gained fo far on the em«
peror, that 1 began to conceive hopes of liberty.

Swiff,

Ga I N. tu/J. [ An old word now oat of ufe.]
Handy ; ready ; dexterous.

■Prtfface to the Acciieiiee,
Ga'iker. ». /. [from gain.'\ One who
receives profit or advantage.

The client, befides retaining a clear conference, it
always 3 gainer, and by no means can be at any lofs,
as f'^eing, if the compofition be overhard, he may
•relieve hlmfelf by recourfe to his oath. Bacon,

If what I get in empire
1 lofe in fame, I think myfelf no ga/wn-.

Denbam's S'iphy.

He that lofes any thing, artd gets wifdom by it,

i> a gainer by the lofs. L'Ef range.

By trade, we are as great gainers by the commo*

dines of other countries as of our own nation.

Adiifon's preeboldtr,
Ga'inful. adj. [gain andyi//.]

1 . Advantageous ; profitable.

He will dazzle his eyes, and bait him in with .the
lufcious propolal of fome gainful purchale, lome
rich match, or advantageous project. South,

2. Lucrative ; produflive of money.

Nor knows he merchants gainful care. Dryden,
Maro's mufe commodious precepts gives,
Inftrudtive to the fwains, nor wholly bent
On whit \s gainful : fometimes l)ie diverts
From folid counlels. Philips,

GA'iNfULhY, adv. [from gaittfu/.'] Prtjfi-

tably ; advantageoufly.
Ga'in FULNESS, ft, /, '[ftom gainful.']

Profit ; advantage.
Ga'ingiving. «. f, '['gainjl' and gi've.'l
"i he fame as mifgiving ; a giving againft :
as gainfiying, which is ftili in ufe, is fay-
ing againft, or contradidling.

It is but foolery ,- but it is fuch kind oi gainm
giving as would, perhaps, trouble a woman.

Shakffpeare' s Hamlet.

G/i'iNutss. adj. [from ;fa/«.] Unprofita-

ble ; producing no advantage.
Ga'inlessness. u.f. [from gainUfs.^ Un*

profitablenefs ; want of advantage.

The parallel holds too in the gainlej/hefs as weH
as laborioufnefs of the work ; miners, buried in earth
and darknefs, were never the richer for all the ore
they digged ; no more is the iofatiable mifer.

■Decay ofP'itty.

Ga'inly. adv. [from gain'\ Handily;

readily ; dexteroufiy. Out of ufe.
To Ga'insav. 'V. a. ['geinji andfay.]

1. Tocontradid.; to oppofe.; to controvert
with ; to dHpute againft.

Speeches which gairfay one another, muft of _
necefljty be applied both unto one and the fame fub.
jcft. Hooker,

Too facile then, thou didft not much gainfay j
Nay, didft permit, apjirove, and fair difmils.

Millin,

2, Todeny any thing.

4 never heard yet
That any of tho:c bolder vices wanted
I-efs impudei.c;: xogainfay what they did
Than to pci.'^rin it Urft. Sbakefpeare,

Gainsa'vjs. »./. \ftom gainfety.'\ Oppo-
nent; adverfary.

Such as may fatisfy ga/«/yf)-j, when fuddcniy,
and befides expeflation, they require the fame at
•ur Lands. Hooker.

We arc, for this caufe, challenged as manilcft
gainfayers of Scripture, even in that which we read
•or Scripture unto the people. Hooker. .

It was bill matter of touviftion to all gainfaycrs. i

Hammond.
Others

GAL

Ot5«ew foBgKt themfelves a name hj Wnj Iiis

gamfayhg, but failed of l^ *ir purpofc. fc7/,

'Gainst, fref. [for agairifi.'\ Scc A-

C AINST.

Tremble, ye nations ! »-ho, fecure before,
LaugK'd at thofe arm5> that '^a/«/?ourfelves we bore.

Drydej:.
Jo'Ga'instaSD. "v. a. \^ gainft ■AnA. Jiand.^
To withftand ; to oppofe ; to reM. A
proper word, but not in ufe.

Love proved himfcif valiant, that durft with the
fword of rcvcrcnt]duty gahtjiund the force oi fo many
enraged detircs. Sidney.

GA'IRISH. adj. [seppian; to drefi fine,
Saxon.].

1. Gaudy; ffiowy ; fplendid; fine.

Three or four will outrage in apparel, huge hofe,
monflrous hats, and gairijh colours. Afcbam.

I caird thee then poor fhadow, painted queen.
The prcfcntation of but what I was ,
A mother, onlv mock*d with (wo fair babes ;
A dream of what thou waft, igalrijh flag.
To be the aim of every dangerous (hot. Sbakejp,

There in cloie covert by fome brooky
Where no profaner eye may look.
Hide me from day's ga'irijb eye. Millen.

2. Extravagantly gay ; flighty.

Fame and glory tranfport a man out of himfelf :

it makes the mind loofe and gairijh, fcatters the

Ji>irits, and leavci a kind of di£>lution upon all the

(acuities. Stmb.

Ga'irishness. »._/! \(nm gairifi.'\

1. Finer}'; fls'inting gaudinefs.

2. Flighty or extravagant joy.

Let your hope be wiitiout vanity, or ga'irijknefs
of fpirit, but fober, grave, and filenc Taylor.

Gait. ». /, [gat, Dutch.]
I. Away; m, gang your gait.

Good youth, aJdrer5 ihv^.7.'/ unto her:
Be not denied accefs, iland at her door. Sbalef.

3. March; walk.

Nought regiirding, they kept on their ^a/V,
And all her vain allurements did fbrfake.

Fairy ^uem.
Thou art fo lean and nseagre waien late.
That fcarce thy legs uphold thy feeble ^a;V.

HmH. Ta/r.
3. The manner and air of walking.

Great Juno comes ; 1 know her by her gait.

Sbakejffure,
He had in his perfon, in his afpefl, the appear-
ance of a great man, which he prcferved in his
• gut and motion. Clartnd-M.

A third, who. By h'israit
And fierce demeanor. Teems the prince of hell.

MUton.
Leviathans
Wallowing, unwieldy, enormous in ihat gaii. ^^

Milton.
I dcfcribM his way.
Bint all on fpeed, and mark'd his airy gait.

Milion.

Gala'ce. ». /. A fliepherd's dog. Not
in ufe.

My heart-blood it well nigh frome, I feel ;
And my galuge grown fall to my heel. SMnfer.

Gala'.ncai.. n.f. [ga/a/tge, French.] A
medicinal root.

The leffer galangat is in pieces, about an inch
or two long, of the ihicknefs of a man's little
finger ; a brownilh red colour, extremely hot and
pungent. The larger galangal is in pieces, about
two inches or more in length, and an inch in ihick-
nefs : its colour is brown, with a faint call of red
in It : It has a difagreeable,, but much lefs acrid
and pungent tafte. /y,//

GALft'xy. n.f. [y»x^. galaxie, Fr. j
The milky way ; a ftrcam of light in the
Iky, confifting of many fmall ftars.

A broad and jmple road, whofe duft is gold.
And ^vement ftars, as ftars to thee appear,
Seen 10 the galaxy. Milton', ParaJift Lojl.

which heaven would difbaiid

A brown, lor
The galaxy, and ftan be UD»'d.

5

Cltavfland.

G A L

SeTeral lights will not be feen.
If there be nothing elfe between ;
Men doubt, becaufe they Hand fo thick i* th' Iky,
ll thofe be Itars that paint the galaxy. Cotuley.

We dare not undertake to Ihcw what advantage
is.bnught to us by thof* innumerable ftars in the
galaxy. Bentley,

G.4LBAMJM.n./.

We meet with galtanum fometimes in loofc
granules, called droj^^s of tears, which is the purelt,
and fometimes in large malles. It is foft, like
war, and du^ile between the lingers ; of a yellowilh
or reddilh colour : its fmell is ftrong and difagree-
able. It is of a middle nature between a gum and
a relin, being inBammable as a rcGn, and folublc
in water as a gum, and will not dilTolvc in oil as
pure refins do. It is the produce of an umbelliferous
plant. Hill.

I yielded indeed a pleafant odour, like the bed
myrrh; a gjlbanum. £ccle/. xxtv. 15.

Gale. »./. [gah'iitg, hiHy, fudden, Ger-
man.] A wind not tempclluous, yet
ftronger than a breeze.

What h,ippy gaU
Blows you to Padua here, from old Verona ?

Shakefpeare.
Winds
Of gentleft gale Arabian odours fann'd
From their lolt wings, and Flora's earlieft fmells.

Milton.
Frcfl) galei and gentle air. Milton.

Umbria's green retreats.
Where weftern^<;/M eternally refide. Addifon.

Ga'leated. adj. [^n/fa/.v/, Latin.]

1 . Covered as with a helmet.

A galcated tU\i\n\M copped, and in (hape fome-
what more conick than any of the foregoing.

IVoodvjard on Fo/Jils.

2. [In botany.] Such plants as bear a
flower refembling an helmet, as the
monkfhood.

Galeri'culate. adj. [from galerus,
Latin.] Covered as with a hat.

Ga'liot. n.f. [ga/iotte, French.] A lit-
tle galley or fort of brigantine, built
very flight and fit for chaft. It carries
but one mail, and two or three patte-
reroes. It can both fail and row, and
has fixteen or twenty feats for the row-
ers, with one man to each oar. DiS.

BarbaroflTa lent two notable pyrates with thirty
galliou, who, landing their men, were valiantly en-
countered, and forced again to ihek gMh\it.

Kttalltt's Uijlory.
GALL. n.f. (jeala, Saxon ; galle, Dutch.]

1. The bile, an animal juice remarkable
for its fuppofed bittcrnefs.

Come to my woman's brean*.
And take my milk for gill, you murthering minif-
ters 1 Sbakefpeare.

A honey tongue, a heart of gall.
Is fancy's fpring, but forrow's fall. Shakefp.

This pofition informs us of a vulgar errour,
terming the gall bitter, 2s their proverb implies,
It's as bitter a gall; whereas there's nothing guft-
able fweeter ; and what is moft undtuous mult
needs parMke of a fweet favour. Harvey.

Call is the grcatcit rcfolvent of curdled milk :
Bc:rha*ve has given at a time one drop of the gall
of an eel with fuccefs.

Arbutbnot on Diet.

2. The part which contairs the bile.

The married couple, as a Icllimony of future
concord, did call the gall of llic facrilice behind
the altar. Brown.

3. Any thing extremely bitter.

Thither write, my queen.
And with mine eyes I'll drink the words you fend,
Though ink be made of gall. Sbakefp. Cymbeline.

i'oifon be their drink !
Cm//, worfc \!sa»gidl, tlie diUatKlt neat they tafte !

Sbakefpetre.

G A L

She ftill I'nfults, and yon muft ftill adorej
Grant that the honey's much, thegxll is mort.
T, ,. . Dryd,'Juv.

4. Kanconr; malignity.

They did great hurt unto his title, and have left
a perpetual ^a// in the mind of the people.

Spenfer ettlrelimJ,
f. Anger; bitternefs of mind.

Suppofe your hero were a lover.
Though he before had gall and rage ; ■
He grows difpirited and low,
• He hates the fight, and Ihuns the blow. Pricr.

6. A flight hurt by fretting off the ikin.
[From the verb.]

This is the fatalifi wound j as much fuperior to
the former, a»agangrene is to a ga// or fcratch.

Government of the Tongue,
■7. \V'CQTa galla.y

Galls or galnihs are preternatural artd accidental '
tumours, produced on trees ; but thofe of the o»lc
only are ufed in medicine. We have Oriental
and European galls : the Oriental are brought
from Aleppo, of the bignefs of a laigc nutmeg,
with tubercles on their furface, of a very firm tA-
ture, and a difagreeabie, acerb, and aftringent tafte.

The European galls are of the fame fize, with
perfeflly fmooth lurfaces : they are light, oftea
Ipsngy, and cavernous within, and always of a
lax texture. They have a lefs auftere tafte, and
are of much lefs value than the firft fort. The
general hiftory of galls is this : An infeft of the-
fly kind wounds the branches of the trees, and in
the hole depofites her egg : the lacerated vefTcla
of the tree difcharging their contents, form a ta-
moiir or woody cafe about the hole, -where the egg
is thus defended from all injuries. This tumour
alfo ferves for the food of the tender maggot, pro-
duced from the egg, which, as foon as it is in its
winged ftate, gnaws its way out, as appears from the
hole found in the gall ; and where no hole is feen,
the maggot, or its remains, are fure to be found
within. It has been obferved, that the oak does not
produce galls in cold countries : but this obfervatioia >
(hall be contined to the medicinal galls ; for all
thofe exctefcencies which we call oak-apples, oak-
grapes, and oak-cone), are Jrue galls, though lefs
tirm in their texture. Hill,

Befides the acorns, the oak bcateth galls, t^ak-
apples, and oak-nuts. Bacon's Natural liijlory,

Malpighi, in his treatife oi galls, under which
name he comprehends all preternatural and morbofe
excrefcences, demonrtrates that all fuch excrefcences,
where any infeds are found, are excited by fome
venenofe liquor, which, together with their eggs,
fuch infefls Ihed.- Ray on the Creation.

The Aleppo ^aZ/j, wherewith we make ink, are
no other than cafes of infcds, which are bred in
them. Derham.

To Gai.l. rv. a. [gaW, French.]

1. To hurt by fretting the Ikin.

I'll touch my point
With this contagion, that, if I ^<»// him (lightly,
It may be death. Sbakefp. Hamlet.

His yoke iseafy, when by us embrac'd j
But loads and galls, if on our necks 'tis caft.

Denbam.

A carrier, when he would think of a remedy for
his galled horfe, begins with cafting his eye upon
all things. Lackt,

On the monarch's fpeech Achilles broke.
And furious thus, and interrupting fpoke.
Tyrant, I well deferv'd iby galling chain. Pf,

2. To impair ; to wear away.

He doth objcO, I am too great of birth ;
And that my ftate hcin^ galled with my expence,
I feek to heal it only by his weallh. Shake/pearfl

If it fhould fall down in a continual ftieam like
a river, it would gall the ground, wa(h away plants
by the roots, and overthrow houfcs. Ray,

3. To teaze ; to fret ; to vex.

In honour of ihat adiion, and to ga// their mindj
who did not fo much commend it, ht wrote hii
book. Hooker.

What they feem contented with, even for that
very caufe we rcjed j and there is nothing but it
plcafeth ui the better, if we cfjpy that it galteib
tliUB. Hooker.

When

GAL

When I (ktn jufticc,
- I p'ltyihofe I donoikuowj

Which a difmirs'd oiTciice would ifttr ftaj . >.

All ftudio here 1 ftilemnly defy,
Save how tog*// and pinch this ^^^^^^^],^ jy

No mail commiis any fin but hU confcienct fmitts
him, and hU guilty mini is Irequontlj «4«<;^ «uh
the remembrance of it. Iiihijan.

4. To harafs ; to mifchief j to keep m a
flate of uneafinefs.

The Helot3 had gotten new heart, and with
divert fortt of (hot ftom cornets of ilrccu and houfe-
windowsfj/Zfi/theni. iidn.j.

■ Light demilances from .ihr they throw,
Fatten 'd with leathern thongs, to gall tl>= li>«;

Dryd. /Rn.

In our wars againll the French of old, wc ufed to
gall them w.di our loi>g bows, at a |reater dilUnce
than they could llioot iheir arrows. AdJiJi-rt.

To Gall. 'v. it. To fret.

1 have feen you gkckir.j and gaUwg^t *is gen-
tleman twice or thrice. Stairffj.,.f.

GALLANT, adj. [galaat. Frenidi, trorn
r.?//!, fine drefi, Spanilli.]

1. Gay ; well dreifed ; (licwy ; fplendid ;
magnificent.

A place of broad Vivers, vfhcrein (hall go no ga.ley
with oars, neither Ihall gulljii (liips paf* tlicrcby.

if. xxiiii. 21-

The gay, the wife, the gallant, and the^rave,
SubduM alike, all but one palhon have. U^illtr.

2. Brave ; high fpirited ; daring ; magna-
nimous.

Scorn, that any (hould kill his uncle, made
him feek his revenge in manner ^ay/a»/ enough.

But, fate thee well, thou trntallant youth.

Sbaktfpcjre.
A gjtUnt man, whofe thoughts fiy at the hi?heil
game, requires no further iiifight. Digiiy. ,

3. Fine; noble; fpacious.

There are no tricks in plain and fimple faith ;
But hollow men, like horlits hot at -hand,
Make gulUnt rtiew end promife of their mettle.

SLakeffeart.

4. Courtly with refpcft to ladie*.

He liifcourfed, how gallant and how brave a
thing it would be for his highncfs to make a journey
iuto Spain, and to fetch home his miftrefs.

When firft the foul of love is fent abroad,
Tlie gay troops begin

In ealhiti ihoutht to plume their paiatcd wing?.
"• " * b r Thmf.Ti.

I. GA'i-LANT. »./. [from the adjcfttve.]
1. A gay, fprightiy, airy, fplendid man.
The new pioclamatiou.
What is't for ?
—The reformation of our travell'd gallants.
That fill the court with ijuarrcls, talk, and tay'.ors.

abahfpean.

The gallamt and liirty youths of Naples came and

offered tri.:mfelves unio Vjiiius. /CuJlei.

The gallants, to (iroiect the lad) 's ri-ht.
Their latchioils brandilh'd at the giifly fpright.

Oryjtri.

Callatitt, look to't, you fay iliere are no fprighis ;
But I'll come dance about your beds at nights.

Dry (ten .

z. A wfiorenufter, who careffes women to
debauch them.
One, worn to pieces whh age, Ihews himfclf a

Sbakr/pcare.

man at home, and

AdilifoH's Spe£lator,

courts a woman
two latter fenfes

yomi^ gallant.

She had left the good
' brought a^vay hcf gallant.

3. A wooer ; one who
for marriage. In the

It has commonly the accent on the laft

fyllable,
•Ga'lla.ntly. adv. [from fa//<7«/.3
1. Gayly; fplcndidly.
1. liravely ; nobly ; gencrouHy.
4

G A 1.

Yiu have not dealt (o gallantly with us at We ^'i ,
with yeu in a parallel cafe: lart year a paper was'
brought liere from England, whichwc ordered to be
burnt by tlie coinmon hanjniJii. ^ fitvifl.

Ga'i.lantry. h. /. [^a/fl«/;nV, French.]

1. Splendour of appearance ; fnow ; mag-
nificence ; glittering grandeur ; oftenta- I
tious finery.

Make the fea (liine with gallantry, and all
The Englilh youth fiock to their admiral. Walltr.

2. Bravery ; noblenefs ; generofity.

The eminence of your condition, and the gal-
lantly of your principles, will invite gejitleraeu to
the ufeful and ennobling ftudy of nature.

Glaitv. Sctff. TrtfMt.

3. A number of gallants.

Hedor, Dciphobus, and all the gallantry of
Troy, 1 would have arm'd to-day. tihaktjftarc.

4. Courtship ; refined addrefs to womea.

The martial Moors, \i\ gallantry rcfin'd.
Invent new arts to make their charmers kind.

GranvUU.

J. Vicious love; lewdnefs; debauchery.

It looks like a fort of compounding between
virtue and vice, as if a woiuan were allowed to be
vicious, provided ibe be not a profligate} as if there
were a certain^iut where ^<i//<««/y ends, and In- 1
faciy begins. Swi/t. I

Ga'lleass. w. /. [gti/eas, French.] A
heavy low-built Teilel, with both fails
and pars. It carries three marts, but they
caimot be lowered, as in a galley. It
has thirt) -two feats for rovers, and fix or
feven Haves to each. To carry three tire
of guns at the head, and at the ttern there
arc two tire of guns. Dt'iS.

The Venetians preteivd they could fct out, in cafe
of great necefliiy, thirty men of war, a hundred
galleys, and ten guleajfcs. Adiifm an Italy.

My father hath no lefs
Than three great argofics, behdes two galeaffts,
.\nd twelve tight gallics. Shaktjptarc.

Ga'lleon. «. /. [gaJion, French.] A
large (hip with four or fometimes five
decks, now in ufe only among the Spa-
niards.

I allured them that 1 would ftav for them at
Trii'idado, and thatno force fliould drive me ilience,
except I were funk, or fet on lire by the Spanilh
gallt'.ns. Raleigh's A fslogy.

Tlic number of veflels were one hundred and
thirty, wlicreof grflkiiTes and grjlcons icventy-two
goodly Ihips, like floating towers or cities.

liactn's IVar with Spain,

Ga'llera-. ?/./. [^«/fr;>, French ; derived
by Du Cange [torn galeriti , low Latin, a
fine room.]
I . A kind of walk along the floor of a
houfe, into whicJi the doors of the apart-
ments open ; in general, any building
o!" which the length miich exceeds the
brcidth.

1 n moll part there had been framed by art fuch
plcafant arbors, that, one ani'wcring another, they
became a gaJlrry aloft from tree to tree, alnioll
round about, wliich below gave a perfefl Ihadow.

iSLinty
High lifted up were many lofty towers.
And goodly galleries fair overlaid. Spen/er.

Your gallery
Have we pafs'd through, not without much content.

The row of return on the banquet fide, let it be
all ftatcly gal/cries, in which galleries let there be
three cupolas. Hacm.

A private gallery 'twixt th' apartments led.
Not to the foe yet known. Dcnbam.

Nor is the lliape of our cathedrals proper for our
preaching auditories, but rather the hgure ot an
amphitheatre, with galleries gradually overlooking
each Other; iot into litis couditioH the parifli

/-GAL

.rfiurcbts flf London arc drivii^ ap;K<, as appears by
the many galleries every day built in them.

Graunh

There are covered galleries Ihtt le«d fnm the

palace to live rfi;fcrcnt churches. Adiijon.

2. The feats in the playhoufc above the
pit, in which the meaner people fit.

While all its throats the gallery extends.
And all the thunder of the pit alcends. Pope.

Ga'lletyle. «./. 1 fuppofe this word
has the fame import with gallipot.

Make a compound body of glafs and gaHety!e\
that is, to have the colour milky like a chalccdou,
being a ftuff between a potcellane and a glafs.

SaconU Pbyf. Rem.

GA'LLEY. th f. \gaka, Italian •,,galere,
French; derived, as fome think, from
galea, a hehnet, piftured anciently on tha
prow; as others from yecXiinv,, the fword-
fidi ; as others from galleon, exprefling in
S) riac men expofed to the fea. trom
galley come golUnft, galleon, galliot. ]

1. A vcffel driven with oars, much in ufe
in the Mediterranean, but found unable

I to endure the agitation of the main oceaa.

Great Neptune grieved underneath the load
I Ol Alps, hulks, gallies, barks and brigandiues.

J^airfax.

In the ages following, navigation did every where

greatly decay, by the ufe of gallies, and I'uch velVelt

as could hardly brook the ocean. Bacon.

Jafon ranged the coalfs of Afia the Lefs in aa

open boat or kind of galhy. Raleigh's HiJIiry.

Un oozy ground hiS gallies moor;
Their heads arc tura'd to fea, their ftcrns to (hore.

Dryden.

2. It 15 proverbially confidered as a place
of tpilfome mifery, becaufe criminals
are condemned to row in them.

The moft voluptuous pcrfon, were he tied to
follow his hawks and his hounds, his dice and his
courtlliips every day, would tind it the greatell tor-
ment that could belalhim: he would fly to the mines
and the gallies for his recreation, and to the fpade
and the mattock for a diverfion from the mifery of a
continual uninterrupted pieature. Sossth.

Ga'lley-slave. k. /. [galley xn^ Jlave.]
A man condemned for fome crime to row
in the gallies.

As if one chain were not fuflicient to load poor

men, he mult be clogged with innumerable chains :

this is jutt fuch another freedom as the Turkith

galley -Jl.fves do enjoy. Bramb,

Hardened galley-jfaves defpife manumilTion.

Decay cf Piety.
The furges gently da(h againlt the ihore.
Flocks quit the plains, and galley-Jlax'es their oar.

Carih,
Ga'li.iard. n.f. [gaillarJ,FKnch; ima-
gined to be derived from the Gauli(h ard,
genius; aaA gay.}

1. .\ gay, brifk, lively man ; a fine fellow.

Seldcn is a^j/Z/^/r/y by himfclf. Clei.-cland^

2. An aftive, nimble, fpritely dance. It
is in both fenfes now obfolete.

I did think, by the excellent conlliiution of thy
leg, it was form'd under the rtar of a galliard.

Sbakrfpeare's 'IwrlJ'tb Night,
There*? nought in France
That can be with a nimble galliard won :
Vou cannot revel into dukedoms there. Sbakefp.

If there be any that would take up all the time,
let him Hnd means to take them off, and bring
others un : as mulicians ufe to do with Ihofe that
dance too long galliards. Bacon.

The tripla's and changing of times h.ive an agree-
ment with the changes ot motion ; as when galliaid
time and mcafure time are in the medley uf one
dance. Bacont

GA'ILLARDISE. n.f. [French.] _ Mer-
riraent ; exuberant gaiety. Not in ufe.

At

G A L

At my nstmty my afcendant was tlie waU-ry fign
of Scorp'ius : I was bom ia the pfaneury hour of
Saturn, and I think 1 j..ive a piece of that leaden
planet in me : 1 am no way facetious, nordilpofed
for the mirth and galliardife of company. Hnnirn^
Ga'llicism. »./. [gatlkifmf, French ; from
galliots, Latin.] A mode of fpeech pe-
culiar to the French language; fiich as,
he figured in controverfy ; he held this
comiuA ; he held the fame language that
another had held before: with many other
expreflions to be found in the pages of
Biilhigbroke.

In Englilh I would (li« Callicl/m: avoided, that
we may keep to our own language, and not follow
the French mode in our fpeech. FrlioiisrtibtChff.
Ga'llicaskins. ti. /. [Caligis Galio-Vaf.
coinim. Skinner. "[ Large open hofe. Not
ufed but in ludicrous language.

My gjHig.iJkins, that have long withftood
The Winter's fury, and encroaching frofts.
By time fubdu'd, what will ntic time fubdue.
An horrid chafm difclofe. Philips.

G.iLUMA'TIA.n.f. [galimathia!, French,]

Nonfenfe; talk without meaning.
GaI-LIM au'frv. ». /. [galimafree, Fr.]

1 . A hoch-poch, or ha(h of feveraf forts of
broken meat; a medley. tianmer.

They have made of our Englilh tongue a gaii'-
fnavfry, or hodgepodge of all other fpeccLes. Spenf,

2. Any inconfiftent or ridiculous medley.

They have a dance, which tlie wenches fay is a

gM'mau/rj of gambols, becaufe they are not in'c.

Shakffpearc^i ff'interU Tale.

The painter who, under pretence of diverting the
eyes, would fill his piilure with fuch varieties as
alter the truth of hillory would make a ridiculous
piece of painting, and a mere gallimaufry of his
work, Dvyden's Dufrefn:y.

3. It is ufed by Shaie/ptare ludicrouffy of a
woman.

Sir ]ohn a&£b thy wife.
.—Why, fir, my wife is not young.
—He wooes both high and low, both rich and poor ;
He lovci \.\\f gallimaufry friend, Hbakeffeare.

Ga'li.iot. n. f. [galietie, French.] A
fmall ftvift galley.

BarbarofTa departing out of Hellefpontus with
eighty gallies and certain galliots, (haped his courfe
towards Italy. KnoUes's Hijit,ry.

Ga'llipot. n. /. [gltye, Dutch, (hinine
earth. Skinner. The true derivation is
{xQtagala, Spanifh, finery. Gala, orgally-
pot, is a fine painted pot.] A pot painted
and glazed, commonly ufed for medi-
cines.

Plato faid hij mafter i>o-;ratei was like the apo-
thecary's gallifoii, that had on t^e outfides apes,
owl<« aodfatyrs; but within, precious drugs.

Bacon's Aptpbtb,

Hfre phials in nice difcipline are fet ;
There gaUipots are rang'd in alphabet. Cartb.

Alexandrinus thought it unfafc to trull the real
Ctcret of bis phial and rallip'^i to any man. SfeHaltr.

Thou that doft iCfculapiw decide.
And o'er his gallipots in triumph ride. Fenltn.

Ga'lloi». n. f. [^r/«, low Latin.] A liquid
meafuK of four quarts.

B-ii them into powJer, and boil them in a gallon
of wine, in a veffcl clofe rtopped. If if eman's Surgery.

Gallo'on. ». / \gaUn, French ] A kind
of clofe lace made of gold or filvcr, or of
iilk alone.

To GA'LLOP. Of. n. [gahper, French.]
Derived by all the etym«Iogifts, after
Budttus, from iutAzra'^ii> ; but perhaps it
comes from ^fl»/, all, znA laopeit, to run,
Dutch ; that is, to go on full foeed ]

1. To move forward by leaps, fo that all
the fcetarc off the ground at •»«.
Vot, I.

GAL

1 did hear
The^a/Zs/iV^ofhorfe: who was't come 1>y? Sbak.

Ills fteeds will be retlrain'd,
But gatlnp lively down th' weftern hill, Donne.

In luch a (hape grim Saturn did reftrain
His heav'niv limbs, and flow'd with fuch a mane.
When half furpriz'd, and fearing to be fecn,
The leacher^^.i/V'o^Vfrom his jealous queen. DryJ.

2. To ride at the pace which is performed
by leaps.

Seeing fuch flreams of blood as threatened a
diowning life, \ye ga//c/*(/ toward them to part them.

Sidney.
They 'gan efpy
An armed knighl lowaids them gallop faft.
That feem'd from fome feared foe to tly. Fairy S^u.

Mc who fair and foltly goes Readily forward, in a
courfe that points right, will fooncr be at his jour-
ney's end than he that runs after every one he meets,
though he gallop all day full Ipeed. Locke.

3. To move very faih

The golden fun
Gallops the lodiack in his glift'ring coach. Sbatfp.

Whom doth lime gallop withal?
— With a thief to the galiows. Sbahffeare.

He that rides port ilhrough a country may, from
the tranlicnt view, tell how in general the parts lie :
fuch fuperlicial ideas he may colle<il in galloping over
it. Locke.

Gallop. ». /. [from the verb.] The
motion of a horfe when he runs at full
fpced ; in which, making a kind of a leap
forwards, he lifts both his forelegs very
near at the fame time ; and while thefe
are in the air, and juil upon the point of
touching the ground, he lifts both his
hindlegs almoft at once. Farrier's Did.

Ga'lloper. 71./. [from ^a//ff/.]

1 . A horfe that gallops.

Mules bred in cold countries are much better to
ride than horfes for their walk and trot; but they
are commonly rough gallopers, though fome of them
are very fleet. Mortimer's Hufhandry.

2. A man that rides fail, or makes great
hade.

Ga'llowav. n. /. Pi. horfe not more than
fourteen hands high, much ufed in the
North; probably as coming originally
from Galloway, a Jhire in Scotland.

To Ga'llow. 1/. a, [ajxipan, to fright,
Saxon.] To terrify ; to fright.

The wrathful (kies
Calkvi the very wand'rers of the dark,
And make them keep their caves. Sbakefpeari.

Ga'i.LOWCL ASSEJ. n. f.

1 . It is worn likewifc of footmen under
their (Hirts of mail, the which footmen
the Irifh call galltnuglcrjfes : the which
name doth difcover them alfo to be an-
cient Englifh ; for gnllogla fignifics an
Englilh fervitor or yeonun. And he be-
ing fo armed in a long Ihirt of mail,
down to the calf of his leg, with a long
broad ax in his hand, was then ttdet
graiii armalura; and was indcid of the
footman that now weareth a corflet, be-
fore the corflet was ufed, or almoil in-
vented. Spenjer on Ireland.

2. [Haamer, otheru-ife than Spen/er.'\ Sol-
diers among the wild Irilh, who ferve on
horfcback.

A puilTant and mighty pow'r
0{ gallov^glajfes and ftout kernes,
is marching hitherward in proud array. Sbakfp.

Ga'llow. ^ ». /. [It is ufed by fome in
Ga'llows. / the lingular; but by more
only in the plural, or fomctimes has an-
other plural j-/7//«it^r. Galgo, Gothick ;
jcalja, Saxon; gfilge,\i\iid»; which fome

GAM

A<invti:ora gnbalus f urea, Latin; other'
from niJ high, others from gallu, Wellli,
power; but it is probably derived like
galfcvj, to fright, from a^jselpan, th." gal-
lows being the great objedl of legal ter-
rour.]

1. A beam laid over two pofts, on which
malefactors are hanged.

This monfler fat like a hangman upon a pair of
gallon's: in his riglit hand he was painted holding
a crown of laurel, in his left hand a purl'e of money,

Sidney.

I would we were all of one mind, and one mind
good ; O, theie were defolation of gaolers and gal~
huffs. Sbakfp. Cymbeline,

1 prophefied if a gallows were on land.
This fellow could not drown. Sbakfp. 'Tempejl.

He took tlie mayor alide, and whiCpcred him that
execution mull that day be done, and iliercfore re-
quired him that a pair of gulloivs Ihould ie erefled.

Ha\ti'ard.

A poor fellow, going to the gallows, may be al-
lowed to feel the I'mart of wafps while he is upon
Tyburn road, S^'ift.

2. A wretch that deferves the gallows,

Cupid hath been five thouland years a boy.
— Ay, and a Ihrewd unhappy galloivs too. Sbak,
Ga'llowsfree. adj. [geilliivi and //«.]
Exempt by deftiny from being hanged.

Let him be galloivsfree by my confent,
And nothing fuffcr, lince he nothing meant. DryJ.
Ga'llcwtree. ?t. /. [gailoius and /rec,'\
The tree of terrour; the tree of execu-
tion.

He hung their conquer'd arms, for more defame.
On gallnvlreei, in honour of his deareft dame.

Spenfer,

A Scot, when from the gallotvtree got loole,

Drops into Styx, and turns a foland goofe. Cleavrl,

Gamba'de. ) «. /. [gamba, Italian, a leg.]

Gamba'do. j Spatterdalhes ; bootswom

upon the legs above the flioc.

The pettifogger ambles to her in his gambadoes
once I week. ^D<nni?s Letters.

Ga'mbler. n. /. [A cant word, I fuppofe*
iox game or game/},r.'\ A knave whofe
praftice it is to invite the unwary to game
and cheat them.

Ga'mboce, «. _f.

Gamioge is 3 concreted vegetable juice, partly 0'
a gummy, partly of a refmous nature, heavy, ot a
bright yellow colour, and fcarce any fmcll. It i«
brought from America and the Eall Indies, parti,,
culatly (roniLCambaja, or Cambogia. , //;/.',

To GA'MBOL. -v. n. [gambiller, French.]

1. To dancc,i; to Ikip ; to frifk ; to jump
for joy; t^r'ay merry frolicks.

Bears, tiger'i, ounces, pards,
GambiI'd before them, Milton's Paradife Lojl.

The king of elf<, and little fairy queen,
Gambol' d on heit^ and danc'd on ev'ry green.

Dryden,
The monflerj of the flood
Gambol around him in the wat'ry way,
And heavy whales in awkward meafures play. Pope.

2. To leap ; to ftart,

'Tisnot madnefs
That I have utter'd ; bring me to the left,
And I the matter will record, which madnefs
Would gambol Mm. Sbaktfpeare's Hamlet.

Ga'mbol. », /. [from the verb.]

1, A Ikip; a hop; a leap for joy.

A gentleman had got a favourite fpaniel, iha
would be itill toying and leaping upon him, and
playing a thoufand pretty gamboli. L' Ff range.

Bacchus through the conquer'd Indies rode,
And beafts in gambols Irilk'd before tlwir honcll god,

Vryden,

2. A frolick ; a wild prank.

Vor who did ever play his gambols,
With fuch unfuflcrablc rambles ! Hudibrat.

r O Ga'mOKIL.

G A M

GA'MBRtL.w. f. [horn gamia, gamiartlla,
Italian. 1 Tfie leg of a horft.

What cjii be more admirable than for the printi-
pl.\ of the fibres of a tendon to be fo mixed as to
mak; it a foft body, and yet to have the ftrength
■ ot' iron ! as appears by the weight which the tendon,
lying on a horfc's gar^brel, doth then command,
when he lears up wiih a man upon his back. Gmu.

GAME. «. / [gamdit, 3 jeft, IQandick.J

1. Sport of any kind.

We have had padimet here, and pleafing game.

Shaktffrarr,

2. Jfft ; oppofed to earneft or ferioufncfs.

Tiien on her head they let a garland green,
And crowned her 'twiit earneft and 'twixt game.

Spertjcr.

3. Infolcnt merriment; fportive infult.

Do they not feck occafion of new quarrels.
On my rcfufal, to diftrcfs me more;
l)r make a guire of my calamities i Miltin't Ag.

4< A fingle match at play.

5. Advantage in play.

Mutual voucher? for our fame we Hand,
And play the game into each other's hand. Dry Jen.

6. Scheme purfued ; meafures planned.

This fccms to be the piefcnt jfdw? of that crown,
and that they will begin no other 'till they fee an
end of this. Temflt.

7. Field fports : as, the chace, falconry.

If about this hour he make his way.
Under the colour of his ufual ganr,
fie (hail here find his friends with horie and men.
To fct him free from his captivity. Shakefp.

What arras to ufe, or nets 10 frame 1

Wild hearts to combat, or to tame, 5«

With all the myft'ries of that game. Ifaller. )

Some fportfmen, that were abroad upon gamey
fpied a company of buftards and cranes. L' Ejirange.

8. Animals purfued in the iield ; animals
appropriated to legal fportfmen.

Hunting, and men, not bcalh, lllall be \i\%game.
With war, and hoftilefnare, fuch as refufc
Subjedion to his empire tyrannous'. Milton,

'1 here is fuch a variety of gamf fpringing up before
jne, that 1 know not which to follow. Ury4in.

A bloodhound will follow the pcr&n he purfues,
and all hounds the paiticular game they have in
chace. ' AtLuibnot.

CJo, with thy Cynthia hurl the pointed (pear
At the rough bear, or chace the flying deer;
I and my Chloe take a nobler aim.
At human hearts wc fling, nor ever mifs the game.

Prhr.

Proud Nimrod firft the bloody chace began,
A mighty hunter, and his prey was man :
Our haughty Norman boalts that barb'rous name.
And makes hit trembling (laves the royal game.

Pope.

Shorten my labour, if its length you blame.
For, grow but wife, you rob mc of m^j game. Tcurtg.

f). Solemn contctts, exhibited, as fpeftaclcs
to the people.
The^owri are done, and Cs^far is returning.

Sbakrf^eare.
Milo, when cnt'ring the Olympick game.
With a huge ox upon his Ihuuldets came. Denbam.

Tin Gam E. "v. w. fjaman, Sa.xon.]

I . To play at any iport.

a. To play wantonly and extravagantly for

money.
Gamirg leaves no fatijfaAion behind It : itno wav

prohts either body or mind. Ixcke.

QtJ>\^QiiC's..ii. f. \_game aiA cock.'Y Cocks

bVed to fight.
They manage the difpute at fiercely as two^.iiii^-

cotki in the pit. Locke.

G^'me-egc. n. f. \_gtune vnA rgg.'\ Eggs

from which fighting cocks are bred.

Thus boys hatch game-eggt under birds of prey.
To make the fowl more tunous for the fray, Caitb.
Ga'mf.KEEPER. ». /. {game !inA kee/i.'\ A
perfon who looks after game and fees it
IS not deftroyed.

GAM

Ga'mesome. <7i//. ffrom^flw^.j Frolick-

fome; gay; fportive; playful; fportful.

Geron, though old, yet gamr/ome, kept one end

with Cofma. " Sidney.

1 am not gamefome ; I do lack foine part
Of that quick fpirit that is in Antony. Shakefp.

The gamefome wind among her trulTcs play.

And curleth up thofe growing riches (bort. Fairfax.

Belial, in like £dinr/0/)if mood. Milton.

This ^j»if/om« humour of children (liould rather

be encouraged, to keep up their fpirits and improve

their ftrength and health, than curbed or reftrained.

Lixke.
Ga'mesomeness. n, f. [from gamefome,'\

Sportivenefs ; merriment.
Ga'mesomelv. adv. [irom gamefome. 1

iVIerrily.
Ga'mester. «.^ [itom getme.}

1. One who is vitioufly addicted to play.

Keep a gamfjrer from the dice, and a good lludent
from his book, and it is wonderful. Shakefp.

A gamefier, the greater mailer he i« in his art, the
worfe man he is, Bac.n

Gam:^eri for whole patrimonies play ;
The fteward brings the deeds, which murt convey
The whole eftale. Dryden^s 'Juvenal.

Could we look into the mind of a common game-
fler^ we (hould fee it full of nothing but trumps and
mattadores : her (lumbers are haunted with kings,
queens, and knaves. Addifon.

All the fuperfluous whims relate,.
That fill a female gamefler'% pate ;
What agony of foul Ihe feels
To fee a knave's inverted heels. Swift,

Her youngert daughter is run away with a game-
fier^ a man of great beauty, who in drdCng and
dancing has no fuperior. hatu.

2. One who is engaged at pla)'»

When lenity and cruelty phy for kingdoms.
The Rentier game^er is the fooneft winner. S6ak.

A manmayihink, if he will, that two eyes fee
no more than one; or that ^ ^ainefier feeth always
more ili.in a looker-on : but, when all is done, the
help of good counfcl is that which fetteth buiinefs
rtiait. Bacotti

3. A merry frolickfome perfon.

You're a mtny gamefier.
My lord Sands. Sbakefpeate'tHenryyiU,

4. A proftitute ; not in ufe.

She's impudent, my lord.
And was a common gamefier to the camp. Skakrfp.

Ga'mmer. It. f: [Of uncertain etymo-
logy ; perhaps from grand mere, and
therefore ufed commonly to old women.]
The compellationof a woman corrfjfpond-
ing to gaffer; as, Gfl7/;A«fr Gurton'j Nee-
dle. An old play.
Ga'mmon-. fi. f, igambotte, T.ta\\an,^
I. The buttock of an hog faked and dried;
the lower end of the flitch.

A!k for what price thy venal tongue was fold :
A x\A\ gammon of fome I'ev'n years old. Dry Jen,

Canmons, that give a rcIiOi to the tafte.
And potted lowl, and fiih, come in fo iaft.
That ere the firft is out, the fecond ftinks. Dryd.

1. A kind of play with dice.

The quick dice.
In thunder leaping from the box, awake
The founding gunman. Tismfon't Autumn.

Ga'm OT. n. /. [game?, Italian.] The fcale
of miiiical notes.

Madam, before y«i touch the inftrumcnt,
To learn the order of my fingering,
1 mud liegin wiih rudiments of an.
To leach you gamut in a briefer fort. Shaicfpeare,

When by the gamut fome muficians make
A p.-rtctl Ibiij, mhcrs will undertake.
By the fame g.imut chang'd, to equal it:
Tilings fimply good can never be unfit. Dsn:>t.

I.oiig has a race of heroes fill'd the (lage.
Thai rant by note, and through the g.tmui rage i
In fongs and airs cx(jnr> their martial fire,
CoailMt in triUs, aod in a tcuge expire. AJdifon.

G A N

GaN, iot Began, from 'gin for hegln.
The noble knight 'gan to feel
Hit vital force to faint. Spenfer,

Ti Ga NCH . ^'. a. [ganciare, from gancio, a
hook, Italian; ^a»f^<', French.] To drop
from a high place upon hooks by way
of punifhment : a praftice in Turkey, to
which Smith alludes in his Pococlius,

Cohors catenis qua pia ftridulis
Cemnntonufti, vcl fude trans finum

Luft.tnttir afti, pendulive

Sanguineis trepidant in uncis, Mufx Angl,

Ga'nder. n, f. [janbpa, Saxon. J The
male of the goofe.

As deep drinketh the goofe as the gander. Camd.-
One gander will ferve five gecfe. Alortimer.

Te GANG. 1'. ». [gaugen, Dutch ; Janjan, -

Saxon ; gang, Scottifh.] To go ; to walk ;

an old word not now ufed, except luiU-

croufly.

But let them gang alone,.
As they have brewed, fo let them bear blame.

Spenfer, -
YourflauntingbeausjtfKf.wiihibeir breads open.

Ariutinci,

Gang. ». / [from the verb.] A number-
herding together ; a troop ; a company ; ;
a tribe ; a herd. It is fcldom ufed out in -
contempt or abhorrence.

(), you panderly rafcals I there's a knot, t gang^
a pack, a confpiracy againft me. Shakefp. -

At a gang of ihievcj weK robbing a houfe, a
marti(f fell a barking. L'Eftrange,

Admitted in ameng the gang.
He afts and talks as they befriend him/ Pricr

GA'NGHON.n, /. [French.] A kind of
flower. Ainfiuorih.

Ga'nglion-. :f. f. {y«.'V/i'«».] A tumour in
the tendinous and nervous parts.

Bonefettcrs ufually reprefent every bone diflocated, .
though pofl'ibly it be fa'Jt a ganglion, or other crude
tumour or preternatural protuberance of fome part of
a joint. IVifman,

7» Ga'ncrewate. a', ■«. [i'iQim gangrene.^
To produce a gangrene ; to mortify.

Parts cauterized, gangrenaieJ, fiderated, and mor-
tified, become black, the radical moifture or vital ■
fuliihur fuffering an extiivftion. Brc-wn's Vul. Err.
GA.-^GRE.\E. n. /. [gangrene, French;
gangrcena, Latin.] A mortification; a
iloppage of circulation followed by pu« ■
trefattion.

This experiment maybe transferred unto the cure
o{ gangrenei, either coming of themfelves, or induced
by 100 much applying of opiates. Bactn'iNal.Hifi,

She faves the lover, as we gtingrenes ftay.
By cutting hope, like a h>pi limb, away. Ifaller,

A difcoiouring in the part was fuppofcd an ap-
proach of a gangrene. IP'ifeman'z Sitrgtiy.

It thefubllaiice of the foul is feftered with thefe
pnffions, the gangrene is gone too far to be ever
cured: thcfe intlammations nil! rage to all eternity.
Addifon^s SpeSator.
To Ga'ng R ENE. "y. (7. \gangn:»er, trench ;
from the noun.J To corrupt to morti-
fication.

In cold countries, when men's nofes and ears are
mortified, arid, as it were, gangrene with cold, if
they come to a fire they rot oft prcfently; lor that
the lew fpirils that remain in thofe parts, aie fud-
denly drawn forth, and fo pulrcfa^ion is made com-
plete. Baciii,

Gangren'd members muft be lop'd away,
Belore the nobler parts are tainted to decay, Dryden.

To v_-a'nc,k KKB. v. », To become mo/-
tified.

Wounds immedicable
Rankle and fcfter, and gangrene
To black mortification. Milton's Agmifle).

.■\s phlegmons are fubjeiS to mortification, fo alfo
in lat butU^'i ihey are apt to grangrene after open-
ing, if tlut fai be not fpccdily digeltcd out. H'ifrm.
G.\'.NORENoes,

GAP

Xj&'iKGa.i.KOVS. aJ/. [fiom gaM^refK."] Mor-
tified ; produced or betokening inottiii-
cation.

The bloodi turning acrimonious, corrodes the
veflels, producing ha*morrhagcs, puftules red, lead-
coloured', blick ini ^ii^gmcai. .-ii-iujLr.ci on Al.
Ga'ngw.^y. ff. a In a (hip, the feveral
ways or pafiages from one part of it to
the other. Dia.

Ga'ngweek. » f. 'igatig z.nA -jieek.\ Ro-
gation week, when proceffions are made
to luftrate the bounds of parifhes. Dicl.
Ga'ntelope. J »./. [gnutlit is only cor-
Ga'ntlet. J ruptcd from gantehpe,
gant, all; 3X\d lojfeti, to run, Dutch.]
A military punifhment, in which the cri-
minal running between the ranks receives
a lafh from each man.

But would'U thou, friend, who hafl two legs alone.

Would 'ft thou to run the gjnilei thefc cxpole.

To a whole company of hob-nail 'd Ihoc^ ? Dryiien.

Young gentlemen arc driven with a whip, to run

the ganiltl through the feveral clafl'es. Locke.

Ga'nza. »,/. [^ganfa, Spanifh, a goofe.]
A kind of wild goofe, by a flock of which
a virtuofo was fabled to be carried to the
lunar world.

They'arc but idle dreanu and fanciest
And favour ftrongly of ;hc gan*.a't, Hudihras.

GAOL. »./. [>«.', WelOi; geoU, French.]
A prifon ; a place of confinement. It is
always pronounced and too often written
Jail, and fomctimes gMt.

Then am I the prifoner, and his bed my gaol,

Sbakffpeare*! Khg Lear,

Have I been ever free, and mull my houfe
Be my retentive enemy, my gaoi^ Sbakefpcart,

II we mean to thrive and do good, breA open
thcfWi, and let out the prifoners. Sbaktfftart,

To Gaol. f. n. [from the noun.J To
iinprifon ; to commit to gaol.

Gualing vagabonds was chargeable, pcfterous, and
of no open example. Baton.

GAoL'DELlVEiy. n.f, \gat)l xnii deliver. ^
The judicial procefs, which by condem-
nation or acquittal of perfons confined
evacuates the prifon.

Then doth th' al'piring foul the body leave,
Which we call d«aln ; but were it known to ail.

What life our fouls do by this death receive.
Men would it birth of gaol-d<i'fuery call. Davies,

Thefe malte a general ^as/.i/f/fv/i;^' of fouls, not
for punilhmcnt. Xouli.

Gaoler. »./. [from gaol.] Keeper of a
prifon ; he to whofc care the prifoners are
committed.

This is a gentle proved ; feldom, when
Tlie ftecled gacJrr u the friend ol men. Shaieff.

I know not how or why my furly gaoler.
Hard as his irons, and infolent as pow*r
When put jr. vulgar hands, Cleanthes,
Put on the brute. DryJen'i Cleommex.

From the polite part of mankind flie had been
baniflied and immured, 'till the death afhtrgaiJcr.

Taller.

Gap. n.f. [from gape.']

I. An opening in a broken fence.

Behold the 'Itfpair,
By cuf^om and covetous pates,
Bjf gafi and opening of gates. Tiiffcr's Uiijhandrj.

With terrours and wiih furies to the bounds
And cryftal wall of Iicav'n}- which, opening wide,
Roll'd inward, and a fpaciouara/' difclos'd
Into ilie walteful deep. Miiion'i Puiadife Loft.

Bulhes are moft lalling of anv for dead hedgtrs, or
to mead gaft, \f'.rtimcr'i Hujlar.drv.

1 fought for a man, fays Cod, that (hould make
up the hedge, and (land in the gaf before mc, lor
the land that I Ibould oot deUioy i(, Rv^oi.

z, A breach.

GAP

The loft *f that city concerned the Chiiftian

comtnon-.veal ; manifold miieries afterwards er.fued

by the opening of that gap to all that ftde of

Chrilkndom. KnolttT.

3. Any paflage.

So ftinds the Thracian herdfman with his fpcar
Fl'U in the gap and hopes the hunted bear,
And hears hins rutlling in the woodt Drydeti.

/|. An avenue; an open way.

The former kings ot England paiFrd into them a
gr*at part of their prerogatives; which though then
it was well intended^ and perhaps well dcfcrvcd, yet
now fiich a gap of miilhief lies open' thereby, that
1 could wilii it vvei-e well liopl. Spenfer.

5. A hole; a deficiency.

If you violently proceed againft him, miftakirg
his purpoie, it would make a great gap in vour ho-
nour. Stakf/p. King Lrar.

Nor is it any botch or gaf in the works 01 uaiure.

Mar,:.

6. Any interftice; a vacuity.

Each one demand, and anfwer to his part
Perform 'd in this \\.Acg.ip of lime, fince liift
We were dilfever'J. Shjkcfpeare's PVinter't 'TaU

That 1 might lleep out this great gap of time
my Antony is away. Shakefpean's Ant. .mJCleap.

To make 'tw ixt werds and lines huge gttps,
Wide as meridians in maps. Hudihras.

One can revive a bnguilhiiigconverfalion by a I'ud-
den furprifing fcnlcnce; another is more dexterous in
fecondiiig ; a third can fill tlie gap with laughing.

S-wifi.

7. An opening of the mouth in f^x^ech
during the pronunciation of two fupceflive
vowels.

The hiatus, ox gap between two words, is caufed
by two vowels opening on each other. Pope.

8. To flop a Gap, is to efcape by foine
mean Ihift ; alluding to hedges mended
with dead bulhes, 'till the quickfets will
grow.

His policy confifts in felting traps.
In finding ways and means, and Jlopplng gaps.

Sivift.

9. Tojland in the Ghr. To make defence ;
to exnofe himfelf for the proteAion of
fomething in danger.

What would become of the church, if there were
none more concerned for her rights than this .> Who
Vfouli ^and in the gap ? Lejtey.

Gap-toothed. adj. \gapznA. toolh.] Hav-
ing interftices between the teeth.

The reeve, miller, and cook, are dittinguilhed from
each oiher, as much as the mincing lady priorefi and
the broad fpeaking gapiomhed wile of Bath. Dryd.

To GAPE. I', n. [jeapan, Saxon.]

1. To open the mouth wide; to yawn.

Some men there are love not a gaping pig ;
Some, that are mad, if they behold a cat. Shakefp.

Gaping or yawning, and ftretching, do pafs from
man to man; for that that caufelh gaping and
ftretching is when the fpirits are a little heavy by
any vapour. - Arhutbnot.

She ftrelches, gapet, unglues her eyes,
And aiks if it be time to rife. Svji/i.

2. To open the mouth for food, as a young
bird.

As callow birds,
Whofe mother's kill'd in feekingof the prey,
Cry in their neft, and think her long away ;
Arid at each leaf that ftiri, each blaftof wind,
Cape for the food which they mull never find.

Dry den.
Ai in a drought the fhiifty creatures cry.
And gape uiwn the gather'd clouds for rain.
Then firlt the martlet meets it in the Iky,
And with wet wings joys all the fcalhcr'd train.

Diyden.

3. To defire carneftly ; to crave ; with for.

To hef grim death appears in all hr.r Ihapei ;
The hungry grave for her due tribu": ^upet. Venb,
To thy fortune be not thou .1 (lave;
. Tor what haft thou lo tear bcyoni Uie grave ?

GAR

AnJ thou, who gap'ft for my eftate ; draw near;
For I would whifper fomewhat in thy ear. Dryd.

4. With after.

What lliall we fay of thofe who fpend tlieir days
in gaping after couit-favour and preferments ?

L'Efirange,

5. With at.

Many \yvit. gaped at the church revenues; but,,
before they 'could fv.allow them, have had their
mouths ftopppd in the church-yard. Saulh,

6. To open in fiffiires or holes.

It it aflume my noble father's perfon,
I'll fpcak to it, though hell iifcif fhould^<7^e
And bid mc hold my peace. Shakefpeare't Hamlet.

May that ground gupr, and fwallow me alive.
Where I (hall kneel to him thatflew my father. Sh,

The great liotfc-muflel, with the fine Ihell, do'h
gape and Ihut as the oyftcrs do. Bacon's N.1I. HiH.

Tlic receptionof one is as difii;rcnt from the ad-
miflion of the other, as when the earih falls open
under the inclfions of the plough, and when it gapri
and greedily opens itfelf to drink in the dew ot hea-
ven, or the refreftiments of a Ihower. South.

The mouth of a little arterj' and nerve i;apfi into
the cavity of tliefe veficlcs. Chejns's Phil. Prin,

7. To open with a breach.

The planks their pitchy coverings wafli'd away.
Now yield, and now a yawning breach dilplay ;
The roaring waters, with a hoiiile tide,
Rufli through the ruins of hsx gaping fide. Dry Jin.

That ail thefc a^lions can be performed by ali-
ment, as well as medicines, is plain, by obfervhig ■
the eftVifts of different fubitances upon the fluids ana
folids, when the veffels are open :inigape by a wound.

Atbuthnot. ;

8. To open ; to have an hiatus.

There is not to the bell of my remembrance, ^ one
vowel gaping on another for want of a caefura in this
poem. ^ Dtyden. '

9. To make a noife with open throat.

And, if my mufe can through p,ift ages fee.
That noify, naufeous, gaping fool is he. Rofcommorr.

10. To ftare with hope or expeftation.

Others will gape t' anticipate
The cabinet deiigns of fate ;
Apply to wizards, to forefee
What Ihall, and what lliall never ii^. Hudiirai,

11. To ftare with wonder.

Parts ef different fpecies jumbled together, accord-
ing to the mad imaginalioii of the dawber: and the"
end of all this to caufe laughter : a very moiiller in
a Bartholomew fair, for the mob to g<7^<f jr, Dryd.

Where elevated o'er the gaping crnyid,
Clafp'd in the board the perjur'd head is bow'd.
Betimes retreat. Gay't Trivia,

12. To ftare irreverently.

They have gaped upon me with their mouth.

yoi, xvi. itJ.

Ga'per. ».y. [from gape.]

1. One who opens his mouth.

2. One who ftares foolilhly.

3. One who longs or craves.

'1 he golden fliowcr of the diffolved abbey-lanili
rained well near into every g-a/iez-'r mouth. Carfw.

Gar, in Saxon, fignifies a weapon fo
Eadgar is a happy weapon ; Ethegar, a
noble weapon. Gib/on's Camden,

To G AVt , 11. a. [gi^ra, Iflandick.] To caufe j
to make. Obfolete. It is ilill ufed ir»
Scotland.

Tell me, good Hobbinol, v.-h3t gars thee greet? .
What! hath fome wolf thy tender iambs ytorn ?

Or is thy bagpipe broke, that founds f» fweet ?
Or art thou of tiiy loved lafs forlorne. Spenfer,

Garb. »./. [garbe, PVcnch.J

1. Drcfr. ; cloatlis ;; habit.

Tu.i KUal, with words cloath'd in reafon's^'.ir^,
Cot-'hci'd ignoble eafe and peaceful floth. Mi/ton.

He puts himfelf into ihs garb and habit of a pro.
feflor of phyfick, and fets up. L'lJIiange,

2. Fathion ef drefs. '

Horace's wit, and Virgil's ftatc,.
lie did not Ileal, but emulate}

J O a And

GAR

And when he would like them appear,
Their gari, but not their cloatlis-did wear. D<nb.
3. Exteriour appearance.

'1 hij is fome fellow.
Who having been prais'd for bluntnefs, doth affeft
A faucy roughnefs, and conftrains the garb
Quite troro his nature. Shakefftare'x King Lear.
Ga'rdage. ». /■ [garbfar, Spax^ini. This

etymology is very doubtful.]
I. The bowels ; the offal ; that part of the
inwards which is feparated and thrown
away.

The clored will.
That fatiate, yet unlatisfy'd defire, that tub
Both hll'd and running, ravening firil the lamb.
Longs after for the gt^iigt Shaktff fare's Cymi.

Luft, though to a radiant angel link'il,
Will late iifelf in a celcftial bed.
And prey on gariaie. Sbakefftare'i Hamlet.

A flam nwre feiifeleft than the fog'ry
Of old Arufpicy and aug'ry.
That of f<ar*a|;« of cattle ir j'l

Ptefag'd ih' events of truce or battle. Hudtbras,

Who, without averfion, ever look'd
On holy garbage, though by Homer cooV'd ? Rofc.

When you rective condign punilhment, you run
to your confel&r. that parcel of guts and garbage.

Drydtrt.

Ga'rbel. «./. A plant next the keel of a

(hip. Bailey.

Ga'rbidge. «./. Corrupted from jf/jr%c

All (havings of horns, hoofs of cattle, blood, and
garbldge, is good manure for land. Mortimer.

Ga'rbish. »./. Corrupted from ^ar^/2^f.

In Newfoundland they improve their ground with

the gartijb of 6lh. Morii-rrer's Hufiandry.

To GARBLE, -r. a. [garbellare, Italian.]

To fift ; to part ; to feparate the good

from the bad.

But you who failiers and traditions take.
And giiri/r fome, and fome you quite forfnke. DryJ.

Had our author fct down this command, wiiluut
garbling, as God gave it, and joined mother to f.i.
thcr, it had made direOly againll him. Loete.

The underftanding works to collate, combine, and
garble the image' and ideal, the imagination and
memory prcfent to it. ' '('hcyrre.

Ga'r.bler. ff. /. \itom garhh.'] He who
feparates one part from another.

A farther fecret in this claufe may beft be difco-
vered by the projeftors, or at leall the garhteri of it.
Sipift*! Examiner,
Ga'rboJL. »./. [garbottille, French ; gar-
^tf^/ro, Italian.] Diforderj tumult; up-
roar. Hanmer.

Look here,' and at thy fovcrcigji leifure read
Whatgjri»'Vj Ihc awak'd. Shakefp.

Card. «. /. [garde, French.] Wardlhip;

care; cuftooy.
GA'RDElM. n. /. [gtirdJ, Welth; jardin,

French; giardluo, Italian.]

1. A piece of ground inclofed, and culti-
vated with extraordinary care, planted
wftJi herbs or fruits for food, or laid out
for plcafure.

Thy promifcs are like Adonis' gardem,
which out day bloom'd aud Iruittul were ihe reir.

Sbaiejpeure.

My lord of Ely, when I was lall in Holbourn,
1 (aw good llrawberries in joar gaidtn there.

Hiate/p. Rid. HI.

In the roy.il ordering o( gardens, there ought to
1>e gardifis for all the months in the year, Bucott.

In every garden Ihouid be provided Howers, fruit,
Jhade nud water, Timfte.

}>ly gjrdcji tikes up half my daily care.
And my field aflts the minutes 1 can fpare. H.irte.

2, A place particularly fruitful or delight-
ful

I am arriv'd from fruitful Lombardy,
The jilcaTaat garden of great luly.

Sbokefi,.

GAR

3. Gardin is often ufcd in compofition
for hortenfis, or belonging to a garden.

4. Garden-mould. Mould fit for a garden.

They delight moft in rich black garden-mould,
that is deep and light, and mixed rather with fand
than clay. Mortimer.

5. Garden-tillage. Tillage ufed in culti-
vating gardens.

Peas and beans are what belong to garden-tillage
as well as that of the field. Mortimer 'i Hujbandry.

6. Gardtn-rtuare. The produce of gardens.

A clay bottom is a much more pernicious foil for
trees and garden-v.are than gravel. Mtotimer.

To Ga'rden. t: «. [from the noun.] Ts
cultivate a garden ; to lay out gardens.

At finl, in Rome's poor age.
When both her kings and confuls held the plough,
Or garden' dvitW. Ben Jobnfon's Catiline.

When ages grow to civility and elegancy, men
come to build ftauly, fooner than to garden finely)
as \\ gardening were the greater perfettion. Baeon.
Ga'rdener. n. f. \irom garden,'] He that
attends or cultivates gardens.

Our bodies are our gardens, to the which our wills

are gardtners ; fo that if we plant nettles, or fow

lettuce, the power lies in our will. Sbake/fe.ire.

Gardeners tread down any loofe ground, alter they

have fown onions or turnips. Bacon's Natural Hift.

The gardener may lop religion as he pleafes.

The life and felicity of an excellent gardener is
preferable to all other divcrfions. Evelyn's Kalendar.

Then let the learned fard'ner mark with care
The kinds of Uocks, and what thofe kinds will bear.

Drydtn.

Ga'rd?nikc. »./. \itom garden. '\ The
aft of cultivating or planning gardens.

My con-.pofitions in gardening arc after the Pin-
darick manner, and run into the beautiful niUnefs
of nature, without affeftiiig the nicer elegancies of
art, Spectator.

Care. n.f. Coarfe wool growing on the

legs of (beep. Dia.

Ga'rcarism. n.f. [y«fv«;i<r/Ai>5 ; gnrga-

rijme, French.] A liquid form of medicine

to walh the mouth with. Sluincy.

Apophlegmatifms atii gargari/ms draw the rh>um

down by the palate. Bacon's Natural Hijlory.

7'o GaRGARi'ze. oi a. [yafyafi^o'; garga-

ri/er, French.] To wa(h the mouthwith

medicated liquors.

Vinegar, put to the noftrils, or gargarifed, doth

eafe the hiccough ; tor that it is aftringent, and in-

hibiteth the motion of the fpirit. Bacon.

This being relaxed, may make a fliaking of the

larynx ; as when we gargarix^. llotJir.

Ga'rcet, n.f. A dillemper in cattle.

The garget appears in tlie head, maw, or in the
hinder parts. M-jrtimcr'i HitJl>.i>iJry.

To GARGLE, -v. a. [^gargouitkr,Yx<:r\i:\\ ;
ga-grjgliare, Ital. gurgel, German, the
throat.]
I. To wadi the throat with fome liquour
not fuffered immediately to dcfcend.
Cargte twice or thrice with Iharp oxycrate.

Httrvey,

The exciflon made, the bleeding will foon be llopt

by g rglifig with oxycrate. IVifcmatt' s Stfgfy.

They comb, and then they order cv*ry hair ;
Next gargle well their throats. Drydcn's Per/.

■£. To warble ; to play in the throat. An
improper ufc.

Tliofc which only warble long.
And gargle in their throats a fong. U'aller.

So tliarm'd you were, you ccas'd a while to doat
On naiifenfc g.irgUd in an eunuch's throat, lenti^n.

Ga'rci.e. »./. [from the verb.] A liquour
with which the throat is wufhed.

His throut war, walVicd with one of the gargles fel
down in the method of cure. tfl/enun's Surgery.

Ga'rolion. n.f. An exfudation of nervous

GAR

juice from a bruife, or the like, whidc
indurates into a hard immoveable tumonr.-

Ga'rgol. »;/. A difteraper in hogs.

The Cgns of the gargol in hogs are, hanging
down of the kead, . moift eyes, daggering, and lof».
of appetite. Mortimer..

G'A'rlakd. n.f. [garlande, guirU>td,Fl.^.

I. A wreath of branches or flowers.

Strephon,. with Icayy twigs of laurel-tree^.
A j-ar/dni/ made, on temples for to wear;
For he then chofen was the dignity
Of village-lord that Whitfuntide to bear. Sidntf,

A reeling world will never itand upright,
'Till Richard wear the garland oi the realm.
— How ! wear the garland ! do'ft thou mean ths

crQwn ?
— Ay, mygood lord. Sbakefpeare's Richard ll\.

Then party-coloured flow'rs of while and red
She wove, to make a garland for her head. Dryi.

Vanquilh again ; though Ihe be gone, ■
Whofc garland crown'd the vidot's hair.

And reign;. though (he hasieft the throne.
Who made thy glory worth thy care.. Prior*

Her gods and godlike heroes rife to view,
And all her faded garlands bloom ane.v. Pope..

z. The top; the principal ; the thing moft
prized.

With every minute you do change a miod,.
And call him noble, ihat was now your hate.
Him vile, that was your garland. Sbaieff,

GA'RLICK. n.f. IsajT, Saxon, a lance;,
and Itek, the leek that flioots up in blades.
Skinner. Alliinn,Y.zV.]

It has a bulbous root, confifKng of m^ny fmjll
tubercles included in its coats : the leaves are plain :
the flowers confiil ol fix leaves, farmed into a corym-
bus on the tcp of the (talk ; and are fucceedcd by
fubrotund fruit, divided into three cells, which con-
tain roundifli feeds. Millet.

Garliciiioiaa extremely ftrwig fmell, and of an
acrid and pungent lalfe. It is extremely afiive, as
may be proved by applying plaillers of garlick to the ■
feet, which will give a ftrang fmell t* the breath.

Ga'lick has, of all our plants, the jreateft ftrength^
affords mod iiourilhment, and fvpplies moft (pirits to
thofe who cat little flcfh. Temple.

'Tis mortal fin an onion to devour;
Eaeh clove of garliek is a facred pow'r :
Religious nations fure, and blell abodes,
Where cv'ry orchard is o'5r-run with gods. Tatt.
G^'ntJCK Pear-tree. n.f.

This tree is pretty common in Jamaica, and
fcveral other places til America, where it ufually
rifes to the height of thirty or forty feet, and fpieads
into many branches. When the flowers fall off the
pointal, it becomes a round fruit, which when ripe*
has a rough brownilh rind, and a mealy fwcct pulp,
but a ftrong fcent of garlick. Miller.

Ga'rlick ^//</. n.f. A plant.
Garlicke ATER. n.f. [garlt'ci and tat] A
mean fellow.

You've made good work.
You and your apron men, that flood fo much
Upon the voice of occupation, and
The breath of garlickratcrs. Hbahfpeare's Coricl.
G .t R M E N T u. y, [gnarvimeni, old French. ]
Any thing by which the body is covered ;
cloaths ; drefs.

Hence, rouen thing, or I (hall (hake thy boacs

0\xioi \Wj gJrmenls. Sbakefp. Curiolanus.

Ourleat, once fillcn, fpringeth no more; neither

doth the tun or fuminer adorn us again with the

garments of new leaves and flowers. Rahigb't Hi/f.

Fairell thing that flii-ies below.
Why in this robe dolt thou appear ?
Would'll thou a while more petfc^ (how.
Thou muft at all no garrnem wenr. Cow/ty.

Tliree worthy per ions from his fide it tore.
And dy'd his garment with their fcattcr'd gore.

H'aUrr.

The peacock, in all his pride, does not difplay

half the colours that appear in the garmrnts of a

Erttilli lady when the is dtefled. Aadifin's SfeCi.

Let

GAR

let him that fues for the coat, I. e. the (hifti 6f
inner garment^ take the cI^-'< alfo, is a proverbial
phrafe too; for in the truth of the letter, a (hirt is
DO likely matter of a lawfuit, and (ignifies anuncon-
tefting fuSerance of fueh fmall loffes. Keltlmxll.
GA'RNER. n./. [gnemtr, French.] A place
in ivhich threftied grain is ftored up.

Earth's increafe, and loyfon plenty,
Barns and garnert t, ver empty. Sbakefpeare.

For fundry foes the rural realm furround;
The fieldmoufe b-.MJai hep ^r>rrr under (round -
For gather'd gr^; . !ne blind laborious mole.
In winding mat- . works her hidden hole. DryJ.
yi G a'rn rX. - . a. [from the noun.] To
ftore as in Rimers.

There, wh^rc I have ^arffcrV up my heart,
Whcrecithcri muft live, or bearno li I'e. Sbaif/f).
Ga'unet. n./. [garnalo. Italian ; granatm,
low Latin : from its refeniMance in co-
lour to the grain o! the pomegranate.]

The garnet is a gem r.r a middle degree of hard-
nefs, between the faphire and the common cryftai.
It is toond of various lizes. Its furfaces are not fo
ftnooth or polite as thofe of a ruby, and its colour
is ever of a llrong red, with a plain admixture of
blacilh : its de?ree o! colour is very different, and
. it always wants much of the brighmcrs of the ruby.

Hill.

The garnet feems to be a fpecies of the carbuncle

of the ancients ; the Bohemian i^ red, with a Hight

calk oi a flame-colour ; and the Syrian is red, with

a llight call of purple. H-'oeJivai d' i Mil. Foffili.

To OA'KNI.-H. v. a. [garmr. rrench.]

1. To dccordte witli ornamental appendages.

There were hills which garnijhtd their proud
heights with ftately trees. Sidnrj.

All wiihin with flowers was garn'tjbrd^
That, when mild Zephyrus amongil iliem blew,
l>id breathe out bounteous fmelli, and painted colours
fliew. Sfenfet.

With taper light
To feek the beauteous eye of heav'n to garnijb^
Is wafleful and ridiculntis excefs. ^hitkejbeare,

Paradife was a temflrial garden, garnijhid with
fruits, delighting both (he eye and the lal^. Raletgb.
All the ftrcets were garnlfird with the ciiizcns,
ftaruling in their liveries. B*icon*'j Htnry VII.

2, To embellifli a difh with fomething laid
round it.

With what expence and art, how richly drcfl !
Carn/Jh*d wiih 'fparagus, himfclf a tealt ! Dr\J.

No man lards fat pork with orange-peel,
Or garnijhtt his lamb with Ipitcbcock'd eel.

King'i Ctminy.

X. To fit with fetters. A cant tcrmi.
Ga'rnish. «./. [from the verb.]

1. Ornament ; decoration ; embclli(hment.

So arc you, fweet,
tv'n in ths lovely gjrnijh of a bey. Sbaktfp.

Matter and figure they produce (
For garn/Jb this, and that for ufe ;
They feek to feed .ind pleafe their gneils. Prior,

2. Things ftrewcd round a difti.

3. [In gaols.] Fetters. A cant term,

ii. Penjiuncula carceraria ; an acknowledge-
ment in money when firll a prifoner jjocs
into a gaol. Ahifnvorlh.

G a/k N I iH M F N r. ». /^ [ from gar>iijh.'\ Or-
nament; embellifhmcnt.

The chufxrh of Saii.tta Guill:niaoa.in Padoua is a
found piece of good an, where the mateiiaU being
ordinary ftone, wiihjut any gumijitmint olfv.ulpiurc,
ravifh the bcholdcis. tfLtloii

Ga'rnituke. n. f. [(torn garai/^] Fur-
niture J ornament.

They conclude, if they fall Ihort in garniiuri ol
their knees, that ihey ai« inferiour in lurnitupe ol
tlieir heads. G<n/. 0/ Tongue.

PU.ii fcnfc, which pleas'd your fues an age aj9.
Is lofl, without the garniture of (how. Crjnvillr.

As nature has poured out her charms ■ j>on the
female part of our fpecier, h iliry are very .tTiJuout
in belfowin^ ugoa thcmfclvcs the fineft garniiurrs
ti •!«. Addijin'i ^I'teiM^r,

GAR

Ga'rouj. adj. [from ^ar«/a.] Refcmbling
pickle made of fiftj.

In a civet-cat an offenfive odour proceeds, partly
from its food, that being efpccially fifh ; whereof
this humour may be a garous excretion, and olidous
reparation. Brown.

Ga'rran. »,/. [Erfe. It imports the fame
as gelding. The word is ftill retained in
Scotland.] Afraallhorfe; a hobby. A
Highland horfe, which, when brought
into the North of England, takes the
name of gaZ/tnuay.

When he comes forth, he will make their cows
and garram to walk, if he doth no other harm to
their perfons. Spmfer.

Every man would be forced to provide Winter-
fodder for his team, whereas common garranz Oiift
upon grafs the year round ; and this would force men
to threncloling of grotiiKls, fo that the race of garnini
would decreafe. Tcmflr.

GA'RRET. ». / [garite, the tower of a
citadel, French.]

1. A room on the higheft floor of the
hoafe.

The mob, commifTion'd by the government,
Arc feljom to an empfy garret lent. Dryden.

John Bull fkipped iroin room to room ; ran up

ftairsand^dewa flairs, from the kitchen to x.\\t garret.

Arluthmt'i "Jiha Bull.

On earth the god of wealth was made
Sole patron of the building trade ;
Leaving the arTs the fpacious air.
With licence to build callles there :
And 'lisconceiv'd their old pretence.
To lodge in garretj, comes from thence. Szui/i.

2. Rotten wood. Not in ufe.

The colour of the fhi.ning part of rotten wood,
by daylight, is in fome pieces white, and in fome
pieces inclining to red, which they call the white
and red garret* Bacon.

Garrrte'er. n. /. [f torn garret.] An in-
habitant of a garret,
GA'RRISON. »./. [giirri/ott, French.]

1 . Soldiers placed in a fortified towaor caftle
to defend it. #

How oft he faid to me.
Thou art no foldier fit for Cupid's garrifon. Sidney.

2. Fortified pl.tce ftored with foldiers.

Whom the old Roman wall fo ill confin'd.
With a new chain of ^arrrfcnt you bind. IVaUer,

3. The ftafe of being placed in a fortifica-
tion for its defence.

Some of them that are laid in garrifon will do
no great hurt to the enemies. Sfienfer on Irelatid,

To Ga'rrison. "v. a. [from the noun.J To
fecure by fortrcfles.

Others thofe forces join.
Which garrift,a the coiKjuclls near the Rhine.

Dryd. Jut:
GARRU'LITY. »./. [garrulilat, Latin]

1. Loquacity ; inconiincnce of tongue ;
inability to keep a fecret.

Let me here
Expatiate, if pofTiblc, my crime.
Shameful garrulity. Miltun'i Agnnifte!.

2. The quality of talking too much ; talka-
tivenefs.

Some vices of fpeech muft carefully be avoided :
flrft of all, loquacity or garrulity. Hay on the Creat.

Ga'rruloi/s. «^. [^rtf/w/tt/, Latin.] Prat-
tling ; talkative.

Old age looks out,
And garruloul recounts the feats of youth. Thorn/.

Gv'RIEK. »./. [ga-di„.^e\[\\;jarti(r,

French ; from gar. VVelfli, the binding of
the knee. J
1. A firing or ribband by which the ftock
iiig is hdd upon the leg.

I.ct their heads be lleekly comb'i], their blue

Wti brulh'di aud ihcir gartrn nl an indilTcrent knit.

itiai, Tumivg oftlu Hireie.

GAS

When we reft in our cloaths we loofen our g.trt.rs,
' and other ligatures, to give the fpirits free pallage.

Ray.
Handfome garters at your knees. Sivi/t.

There lay three garters, half a pair of gloves, .
And all the trophies of his former loves. Fofe.

2. The mark of the order of the garter, the
higheft order of Engli(h knighthood.

Now by my gcorge, my garter.

— The george, profan'd, hath loll his holy honour;
The^arrer, blemilh'd, pawn'J his knightly virtue.

S/jak. R. IIJ.

You owe your Ormond nothing but a fon.
To fill ill future times his father's place.
And wear the gar:er of his inoihei's race. Dryden.

3. The principal king at arms.

To Ga'rter. -v. a. [from the noun.] To
bind with a garter.
He, being in love, could not fee io garter his hofe.

Shulief.

A pcrfnn was wounded in the leg, below the

gartering place. fl^i/eman's Stirgerf.

Garth, n.f. [as if girth, fromgirii.] '1 he
bulk •{" the body nieal'ured by the girdle.
Gas. n.y. [A word invented by the chy-
mifts.] It is ufed by Van Helmont, and
feems defigned to fignify, in general, a
fpirit not capable of being coagulated :
but he ufcs it loofely in many fenfes.

Bani't.
GASCONA'DE. «./. [French; fromGff>«,
a nation eminent for boatting.] A boaft j
a bravado.

Was it a gafconade to pleafe me, that you faid
your fortune was increafcd to one hundrad a year
fince I left you ? Xivi/t.

/"o G ascona'de. t;. ». [from the noun.J
To boaft ; to brag ; to blufter.

To G.ASH. .<v. a. [from hacher, to Cut, Fr.
Skinner.] '\o cut deep fo as to make a
gaping wound ; to cut with a blunt i.-i-
ftrument fo as to make the wound wide.

Where the Engliflimen at arms had been defeated,
many of iheir horli^s were found griivoufly g.tjhtd or
gored to death. Hay-ward.

Wit is a keen inflrument, and every one can cut
and gajb with it : but to carve a beautiful image re-
quires art. liilotJoH,

See me gafi'd with knive.';.
Or fear'd with burning lieel. Ro-we's Royal Cmv.

Streaming with blood, a'.l over gajh'd with wounds,'
He reel'd, he groan'd, and at the altar fell, i'bilips.

Gash. k./. [from the verb.]
I. A deep and wide wound.

He glancing on his helm t, made a large
And o^agafij therein ; were not his targe.
That broke ihe violenie of his intrnt.
The weary foul from thence it would dif.i; :irge.

.^perfer.

A perilous ^<'./?i. a very limb lopt olT. Shake/p.

Hamilton drove Newton almolt to the end of ihc

lifls : bit Newion on a fudden pave him fuch ^ gaJb

on tlic leg, that therewith he fell to the ground.

tiayutard.-
But th' ethereal fubftance clos'd
Not long divihbic ; and from the g.ijh
A llrcara of nedtarous humour ilTuing tlow'd. M^t.

2. The mark of a wouiid, I know not if
this be proper.

1 was lond ol l>ack-fword and cudfel phv, ard I
now btar in my body many a black and blue gap
and fear. Arbaiiinol.

GA'sKtNi. «. f. [from Gafecignr. See Gal-
ligaskins.] Wide hole ; wide breeches.
An (>ld hidifrotis word.

If one point break, the other vill hold ;
Or, ii boih break, your j^j/i/ffj f;iil. Shairff.

To Gasp. t. v. \Uovn go}e, Skinmr; from

gi/pe, Danifh, to fob, jtiniui.]
I. To open the mouth wide; tocatch breath

with labour.

TlM

G A.T

The Cck for lir before the portal guff. Dry Jen
They riit'd * feebhtrv with ttembliim notes;
But the wejk voice decclvM ihc'u gn/ping throats.

The gf/fiitg head flics off} a purple flood
tlows fiom us trunk. DryJtit't yE».

The ladies g^/f'ttt »nd fcarceljr could refpire ;
The breath ihey dicw no longer air, but 6re. DiyJ.

A Icaniling of wit ^^1 g-'/pi'g (°' l'ft> "ixl groan-
ing beneath a heap of rubbifh. DryJen.

The rich countrymen in Auftria were faint and
toffing for breath. Brnun's travtls.

Pale and faint,
He g.»^' forbieaih ; and, as his life flows from him,
Demaiids to fee his friends. AddiJ^nU Cata.

. 2. To emit bi«ath by opening the mouth
convulfively.

I lay me down tog.iff< my lateft breSth ; '
The vol«s will get a brciklaft by my death. Dryd.

He ftaggers round, hii eyeballs roll in death,
And with fliort fobs hcg^/ps away his breath.

Drydtn's JEn.

t. To long for. This fenfe is, I think,
not proper, as nature never cxpreffes dcfire
■ by gafoing'. M

The CaSrilian and his wife had the iJbfQrl to be
• under the fame laaller. who, feeing how dearly they
Io»ed one another, and gaffed alter their liberty,
' demanded a xao&. exorbitant price for their ranfom.

SfeEiator,

' Gash. n.f. ffrom thererb.]

. I. The a(S of opening the mouth to catch

breath.
- 2. The IhoTt' catch of breath in the laft
agonies.
His fortunes all lie fpeechlefs, and his name
1 It at la(lga/j>. Shakefftart' : Cymhtl'me.

Ah, Warwick, Montague hath breath'd his laft j
. And to the lateft ga(f cry 'd out for Warwick. &hak.

If in the dreadKl hour of death,
) Jf at the lateft j^ of breath,
' When the coll Jamp bcifws your brow.
You hope for mere), Ihew it now. Addlfoit.

.9'e Gasp. v. a. [from jaj-r, Saxon. See
Aghast.] To makcaghaft; to fright ;
to ftiock ; to terrify ; to fear ; to affray.
When he faw mybeft alarm'd fpirits
• Bold in the quarrel's rii;lir, rous'd to the encounter,
Or whether gcfl^d by the noife I made.
Full fuddenly hj tied. S6.iiff tare's King Lear.

«;Ga'strick. a(/;' [from y«f>;f .] Belonging
to the belly.

Xjastro'raphy. n.f. [v»7y^ and f«T7-«.]
In ftridnefs of etymology fignifies no
more than fewing up any wountl of the
belly ; yet in common acceptation it im-
plies, that the wound of the belly is
complicated with another of the intelline.
Sharp's Surgery.

'GaSTRo'toMY. n.f. [v«rD» and Tirana. J

The aft of tutting open the belly.
Gat. fhc preterit ot'get.

Mj(ci gal lum up into the mount. £x. xxiv. i3.
GATE. n.f. [jeat, Saxon ]

1. The door of a city, cattle, palace, or
large building.

Oocn the galr of mercy, gracious God I
My foul fiie» through Ihele wounds to feck thee. Siai.

Gain at moaarchs
Are arth'd fo high, that giants may jet through.
And keep their impious lurbands on, without
Gjod-motrow ta the fun. Siakijpcan's Cym'-eiiHe.

2. A frame of limber upon hinges to give
a paffage into incioi'ed grounds.

jCnow'ft thou the way to Dover ?
— Both ftile and gale, horl'cway and footpath. Shak.

J. An avenue ; an opening.

Auftria hid done ii'thing but wifely and politickly,
in fetting th- Venetian- together by the ears with the
Tu ■ - , and opening a gale for a long war. KiulUi.

(Ga'tsvein. »./> T\k 'vnta fmita.

GAT

Belwg a king that loved wealth, he coiiU not en.
dure to have trade lick, nor anv obftruiftion to con-
tinue in t.\\e gale-vein which dilperfeih that blood.

Jiacon 'j Henry VII.
Ga'tewat. n.f. [^ate and luay.} A way
through gates of inclofed grounds.

Catnuayi between inclofures are fo miry, Uiat
they cannot cartbctvycen one field and another.

Murlirmr'j Hufiandry.

To GA'THER. v. a. [gabepan, Saxon.]

1. ;j'o colieft ; to bring into one place.

Gaiter ftones — and they took llones and made an
heap. '~^'"-

2. To get in harveft.

The fercnth year we fliall not fow. ni>r,e-.-.i"-' in
our increafe. i-ev- »^». ^°'

3. To pick up ; to plean-

His opinions
Have fatisfied the king for hisdivorce,
Calber'd from all the famous colleges. Shakeff.

Caft up the highway, gather out the itones.

If. Ixji. 10.

I will fpend this preface upon thofe from whom I
have gatiend my knowledge ; for 1 am but a ga-
therer. , 'f^^'f'-

To pay the creditor, that lent him his rent, he
muft galber up money by degrees. Ltcke.

4. To crop ; to pluck.

What have 1 done ? '

To fee my youth, my beauty, and my love
Nofoonergain'd, but flighted andbetray'd;
And like a roie'yafigather'd from the ftalk.
But only fmelt, and cheaply thrown afide,
To wither on the ground ! Dryden's Spanifh Fryar.

5. To alTemble.

They have ^tiered themfelves together againft
me. , ^ 7"*-

All the way we went there were gathered lome
people on both fides, ftandiiig in a row. Bacon.

6. To heap up ; to accumulate.

He that by ufury and unjuft gain increafeth his

fubftance, Ihall gather it for him that will pity the

-poor. Pi merit.

7. To felea and take.

Save us, O Ixird, and galber us from among the
heathen, to give thanks unto th^ holy name.

Pf. cvi. 47.

8. To fweep together.

The kingdom of heaven is like unto a net that
was caft into the fea, tui gathered of every kind.

Af^r. xiii. 47.

9. To colleft charitable contributions.

10. To bring into one body or intereft.

1 will gather others to him, befides thofe that are
galiered uato h\m. ^. Ivi. 8.

1 1 . To draw together from a ftate of diffu-
fion ; to comprefs ; to con trad.

Immortal Tully flione,
The Roman roftra deck'd the ctnful's throne 1
Gaib'iing his flowing robe he fecm'd to ftand,
I n aft to Ipeak, and graceful ftretch'd his hand. Pope.

12. To gain.

He gathers ground upon her in the chace j
Now breathes upon her hair with nearer pace. Dryd.

13. To pucker needlework.

14. To coUeft logically ; to know by in-
ference.

That which, out of the law of rcafon or of Cod,
men probably gathering to be expedient, they make
it law. Hooker.

The reafon that I gather he is mad,
Is a mad tale he told to-Jay at dinner.
Of his own door being (liut againft his entrance. Shak.

After he had feen the vifion, we endeavoured to
get into Macedonia, aliuredly gatbtriig ilial ilie
Lord had called us. ASls.

From this doftrine of the increafing and Icflfening
of fm in this refped, we may gather, that all tins
are not alike and cqu.il, as the floicks of ancient
times, and their followers, have falfely imagined.

Perkins,
Returo'd
By night, and liftening wlicre the haplefs pair
Sat in their fad difcourfe, and varioui plaint, I

Thence jjarirrV his own doom. Milton's Par, Lofi. |

'G A U

MadajnoifeUe de Scu^ery, whp is a,s ojd ja libyl,
is tranflating Chaucct; into French : from which I
gaibrr that he has formerly been tranflatcd ijila the
old Provenjal. Dryden,

1 5. To draw togethtf? is needlework.

16. To Gathkr hiiuth. \^. proverbial
expreflion.] To have relpite from any
caLimity

The luckleis lucky maid
A long time with that favagc people ftaiJ,
"[o gather brtaih, in many miferies. Sfrnftr^

To Ga'theR. 11. n. ^

1. To l)e condenfed ; to thicken.

^ If ere night the gaih'ring clouds we fear,

A fong will help the beating Horm to bear. DryJen^

When galb'ring clouds o'erftiadow all the (kies.
And (hoot quick lightnings, weigh my boys ! he ctiej,

Dryd^

When the rival winds their quarrel try.
South, Eaft, and Weft, on airy courfers bor'n.
The whirlwind gathers, and the woods are torij.Oryrf.

Think on thcilorm thit gathers o'ei your head,
And threatens every hour to burlirupun it. Addifort,

2. To grow larger by the acretion of finular
matter.

Their fnow-ball did not gather as it went; for
the people came in to them. Bacon's Henry Vil«

3. To aflemble.

There be three things that mine heart !>ircth j
the fiander of a city, the gathering together of a»
unruly multitude, and a falfe accufation. EccUf.xx.\\.^»

4. To generate pus or matter.

Afli one, who by repeated reftraints hath fubdued
his natural rage, how he hkes the change, and he
will tell you 'tis no lefs happy than the eafe of a
broken impofthume after tlie painful ga:hering and
filling of it. Vicay of Piety.

Ga'ther. n.f. [from the verb.] Pucker;
cloth drawn together in wrinkles.

Give laws for pantaloons.
The length of breeches, and the gathers.
Part cannons, perriwigs, and feathers. Hudihras,

Ga'thereR. n.f. [{zom gather.'^

1. One that gathers ; one that collects; a
colleAor.

1 will fpend this preface about thofe from whom I
have gathered myknovvledge; \ -a \2Lm\t\iti gatherer
and difpofer of other men's itun'. iVotton.

2. One that gets in a cn^p of any kind.

I was a herdman and a gatherer of fycamore fruit*

Amos,
Nor in that land
Do poifonous herbs deceive the gatherer's hand.

May's yirg,

Ga'thf.rino. n.f, [from gather. \ Col-
lection of charitable contributions.
' Let every one lay by him in llore, that there be no
' gatherings vi\i^xi\ come. 1 Cor. xvi. 2.

Ga'tten-tree. n.f, A fpecies of Cor-
nelian cherry.

GAUDE. n, f. [The etymology of this
word is uncertain :, .S/f/w/fr imagines it
may come from gaude. French, a yellow
flower, yeilow being the moft gaudy co-
lour. Junius, according to his cuftom,
talks «7«»®- ; and Mr. Lye finds gtiude,
in Douglafs, to fignify deceit or fraud,
from g'uiavidio, Welfli, to cheat. It feems
to mc moft eafily deducible from gaudium,
Latin, joy ; the caufe of joy ; a token of
joy : thence aptly applied to any thing
that gives or exprefles picafure. In Scot-
land this word is ftill retained, both as a
fliowy bauble, and the perfon fooled. It
alfo in Scotland denotes a yellow flower.]
An ornament ; a fine thing ; any thing
worn as a fjgn of joy. J t is not now much
ufed.
He dole th' imfcefCoa of bcr faDtaf/i

"With

G A V

With bracelets of thy hair, tinss, gMj(t, conceitj,
Itnacks, trifles, nofegays fweetmeats. Siai^fprare

The fun is in the heav'n, i,i the proud day.
Attended with the pleafures 6{ the world,
Is all too wanton, and too full of gauges,
To give mc audience. Sbakcfp. King Lear.

My love to Hermia
; Ir melted as the fnow j fcems to me now
As the remembrance of an \i\e gaude.
Which in my childhood I did doat upon. Shakefp

'^r me bound for Guinea, gc'den fand to find.
Fore all Hitg^udcs the Ample natives wear;

Some for the pride of TurkiOi courts deiiEn'd,
For folded turbants fineft hoiland bear. Bryd

To Gaude. -v. a. [gaiiJeo, Latin.] To ex-
ult; to rejoicr .n any thin^.

Go to a golfip's .iaft, vii gaude vhh me.
After fo long grief fuch nativity. Shake/pear

Oa'uderv, ». /. [fiota gauJe.] Finery-
ollentatjous luxury of drefj.

The triumph was not pageants and taudrry, but
one of the wifcft and nobleft inftitutioas that ever

G A U

luring rod, French. It is pronounced, and
often written, gage.]
I. To meafure with refpeft to the contents
of a veflel.

G A Z

A^e, which is but one remove from death, and
Ihould haw nothing about us but what looks like a
decent preparation for it, fcarce everappean, ofUte,
birtin the high modes the fliuntieg garb, and ut-
moft giixdery of youth, with cloaihs as ridiculoallv
ivi as much in the falhion, as the pcrfon that wean
them IS ufuaily grown out of it. ioa/i

A plain ft/it, (ince we car. make but one.
It better than to be by umifli'd gaiid'rj known.

QA'vDiJ.r.ad'v.{fcomga«^j.] ShowZ. '
GA.UDINF3S. ;,./. [fromgaitaj.] Showi-

nefs ; tinlci appearance.
Qa'udv. aJj. [fromfauJe.] Showy; fplen-

did ; pompous ; oftentatiotifly fine.

Cortly thy habit as thy purfe can buy.
But not exprcft in fancy : rich, not gaudy;
Fftr the appircl oft proclaims the man. Hbakefpeare

Fancies fond with f«Wy(hapespoiref»,
A« thick and numberlefs
A» the gay motes that people the fun-beams. Milnn.

A goWnnch there I iaw, with jaea^. pride
or painted p!ume«, that hopp'd from fide to fide.

The BSTarian duke his brigadet lead?, "^ "'

Grilant in arms, and gtudy to behold. I'hi'ips

A man who walks direflly to his journey's endj
W.I1 arrive -hither much fooner than him who wan-
ders afide to gaze at every thing, or to gather every
guiuly Hower. " iy ,

'i-^r"'il"' ■* '^'»"'«'. 'h'* frfin. fo naiura'ry
qualified to be great examples of pITty, Ihould, by an
erroneous education, be m.de poor i„d gaudy <^.
tacksof the greatcft vanity. ' j/^,

Oa'udv. «./ {gauJwm, Latin.] A feaft''^
a feftival ; a day of plenty. A word ufed
in the univeriity.

He niay furely be content ivith a faft to-dav. that
■■ furs of a gaudy to-morrow. rh.

Gave. '1 he preterite of ^^t,r. ■'"'■

Thou can'il not everyday give me thy hearts
Jf thou can '!» give it. then thou never ^«t/'^ if

1, CT, L'"'"'* ^"; I""' "'°"«'' ">)h«rf depart,
It-ftaysathome, and thou withlofingfav'ft it.

Ga'vel. »./. a provincial word for ground!

^^Ut It he upon the ground or ga-uel eight or ten

/Ga'velicind. ».7: [Inlaw.] A cuftom
whereby the lands oKhe fathir are equa%
divided at hi, death amongft all hXrl, '
or the lanc^of the brother equally divide,^
among toe brother,, if he have no ilTue of
his o.v». This cultom i» of force in
d.v^r, places ol England, but cfpeciMlK
m Kent. ' f. ■.

eiclo*ed, and the baftard,, did ,.>herit ai well a, the

Ufil.mate, which is the very h\n.ga-.,ikmj. '

Da-uUi on licUnd.

^'lon ""^^^"'^ '^''h regard to anypropor-

onJfi^"""j"'"'y ^""S^i on each fide, broad on
rainifter to the progteffive motion of the bird.

T. . , . Derham's Phyfica-Tleohg v.

.b,. rV "r"','""^ """^ P'^'^^'^'y admirable in i.lelf
than that artful manner in Homer, of taking meafure

elevating the charaflerof oneperfon bythe oppofition
of It tofome other he is made to excel. Pofi

GA.UCE. «./. [from the verb.] A meafure;
a ftanaard.

This plate muft be a g<,ge to file your worm and
groove to equal breadth by. ^ MoxoJs Mecb Exlr

f Jir"''' ""f ."' •"= '•'""'■ " '='"<' i'' °f to b= had
Irom the owner himfelf, it might then be had at the

yoir trade and wealth. * £,^^^

Timothy propofed to his miflrefs, that (iTe fhould

fnch«'hT "f r '^" "" above four foot feven
inches high J and for that purpofe h;>d prepared a
g*t', by which they were to be meafured. Arbuth.

Gau'ger. ,./. {inm gauge.] One whofe
bDhnefs IS to meafure veflTels or quantities.

,„vTl • fj'^"'' ''"''" ^^"^ !>«" privileged with
royal jurifdiaion; and appointed their fpecial ofE-
cers. asihenff, limniXy gauger, and eli:heator.

GAUNT, ndf. [As if^^..^„,. from „pa.
man, to Idfon, taxon.] Thin ; Jlender •
iean ; meagre. '

Oh, how that name befits my compofition !
Uld C,r««, indeed, and gau«,\n being old :
Within me grief hath kept a tedious fait;
And who abilains from meat that is not M„r f
lorfleeping England long time have I watch'd;
Watching breeds leannefs, jcannefs \iMgaurt, :
The Pl«rure that fome fathers fe=d upo,.
Is my ftrift fart , 1 „„„ childrens looks ;
And therein farting, thou ha!t made me gaum :

wH"/ r,,' '" "•««"«. e-"""-" a grave,
M. hofe hollow womb inherit, nought but bones.

aZT(, T fa ^Vl"! "'' erim. her flight purfu'd.
And oft their faften'd fangs in blood embtu'd Dryd.

GA't/NTLY. e,d^. [hom gaunt.] Leanly;
ilenderly ; meagerly.

Ga'uktlet. „./. fga„fe/e/, French.] An
iron glove ufed for defence, and thrown
down in challenges. It is fometimes in
poetry ufed for the ce/u,, or boxin.> glove

.,\f<'fhg'"""/'l now, with joint, of fteeU

Mult glove hi, hand. Shak./p. Henry IV

Feel but the difference, foft and rough ; ^
This igauniiet, that a muff. Clewiand

Some (hall in fwifinefs for the goal contend.
And othrrs try the twanging bow to bend j
1 he Itrong with uonguunikts arm'd (hall Hand,
Uppos d in combat on the yellow fand. Drtd

Who naked wrcftkd beft, befmear'd with oil } '
Orwho w,ih^a,r«/,«gave or took the foil. Dryd
The funeral of fome valiant kni>;ht '

May give this thing it, proper light :
View 1.1, two^.«,w/rt.i Ihefc declare
1 hat both his hands were us'd to war. I>,,v

So to re^el the Vandals of the ftage,
. Our vet-ran bard refumf s his iragitk rage 5
He iliro*, the^<i*«/« Otway usd to wield,
And calls lor Euglilhrnen tojudge the field. S^uiiern

Oavot. *./ f^avoWf, French.] A kind of
dance.

.''■'«= Jifpofition in a fiddle to play tune, in pre-

u' ^'■':^"^' J'S'. ""Is-'X'Wi, are rcjl oualiiies

■ n the uiftrumcnt. ArLih,,.,.

Silken cloaihs were ufod by the ladiesj and It
teems they were thin, like gauz^. Arhulhnoi.

Urocadoes and damalks, and tabbies and raazM.
Are lately brought over. ^ Siuift

Gawk. n.f. [jeac, Saxon.]

1 . A cuckow.

2. A foolifh fellow. In both fenfes it is
retained in Scotland.

Gawn. n.f. [corrupted for ^«//6.« ] A fmall
tub, or lading vefTel. A provincial word.

Ga WNTREE. «./. [Scottilh.] A WOodcH

frame on which beer-calks are fet when

tunned.
GAY. adj. {gay, French.]
I. Airy; cheerful; merry; frolick.

Smooth flow the waves, the zephyrs gently play ;
Belinda fmil'd, and all the world was |<vy. P„>'

Ev'ii rival wits did Voiture's fate deplore.
And tht.gjy mourn'd, who never mourn'd before.

2- Fine; fliowy.

Avii^inthatlovestogog-.yi, .Sa.-. vi. q.

<JAy. n.f. [from the adjeftive.] An orna-
ment; an embellidiment.

. Morofe and untraftable fpiriis look upon precepts

in emblem, as they do upongaj-s and pidurcs, the

looleries ot lo many old wives tales. L'Eflran,e

^'';^,'''^\- "■'• [iV'f'. French; from^^r.J

1. Cheerfulnefs; airinefs; merriment.

2. Afts of juvenile pleafure.

And from thole ^;y'iv;« our youth requires
To cxercife their minds, our age retires. Deniam ■

3. fint-ry ; Ihow.
porgayery and our guilt are all befmirch-J,

vvith rainy marching in the paintul field. Slairfp,
trA YLV. adv.

1. Merrily: cheerfully; airily.

2. Splendidly; pompouily; with great ihow.

1 he ladies, ^ay^dreli.'d, the !Vl.ill adorn
With curious dies, and paint the funny morn. Gaf.

Like fome fair flow'r, that early fpring fuppli^s.

1 hai gay/y blooms, but ev'n in blooming dies. Pope.

<^A VNiss. „./. [from^^y.J Gayety; finery. .

Not much in ufc.
To GAZE. 1: „, [iy«T,s.a,„, or rather
jepean, to fee, Saxtyi ] 7'o look intently,
and earnefl'y ; to look with eagernefs.

What fceft thou there? King Henry's diadem,
Inchas'd with all the honour.^! of the world :
it fo, ga:^ on. Shakr/peare's HenYy IV. t^.

from fome (he cart her modelf eyes below ; ^

At fome her^.(,w//^ glances roving flew. pMrfax ■

y-":f not on a maid, that thou fall not by iholi
tfmgs that are precious in lier. EccUf.w ;

A Ijvcr'seyes will ga^f an eagle blind. nLk'tfp.
High (Nations tumults but not blifs create ; '

None think the great unhappy, but the great.
\w^iga7Le on envy; Envy darts a iting,
VVhich makes a fwain as wretched as a king. Younr.
10 {^AZf.<v.a. To view lledfafti'y. '

Strait toward heav'n my wond'riiig eyes I turn'J,
.^nd gax'd awhile the ample (ky. Milu,n,

GA/.i.n.f. [from the verb.]
I. Intent regard; look of eagernefs - or r
wonder; fixed look.

Being lighten'd with her beauty's beam
And (hereby fill'd with happy influence, '
And lilted upabovc the world is ga^.
To (Ing with angels her immortal pr.,iVc. .fpenfcr ■

Do but note a wild and wanton hrrd, ' J • ■

Ifany air of mufick touch iheirears,
You (liall perceive them make a mutual ftand, ,
Ihfir fav.ige eyes tuni'd 10 a modell »^»f.
By the fwect power of mufick. * Sibak,rp

Not 3 month ' '

'Fore your queen dyd.lhc was mo« worth fuch

gazts
Than what you look on now. Sbik^rp

With(ccrct/j,itf,
Or open admiration, him behold, .
On whom ilic great Creator hath belVow'd
^°'^ii. Milton' U ■ ■ '

G E A

Tindar is a ilaik writer, ttsiils connciian ute svr
undcrilar.d'.iiC, (otn a..l ot fight, and leaves h'n
readcn at a ^.ijj. Dry Jen.

Alter hiv.ng ftooi at guse before this gate, he
difcovered an infcripli-jn. ^jji/m'i Frulxilder,

2. The objeft gazed on.
I mul\ die
Bftray'd, captiv'd, and both my eye? put out;
M jde of my enemies tJie fcom and gtt^if ;
To grind in brazen fetters, under talk.
With my hcav'n-giiieJ tlrengih. Millon't Agoniji.

Ga'zel. v.f. An Arabian deer.
Ga'zer. »./. rfroin^azi'.] He that gazes;
One that looka intently with eagernefs or
admiration.

In her cheeks the virmil red did (hew,
Like rofes in a bed of lilies Ihcd ;

The which ambrufml odours from them threw
And ga-ztrt fenfe with double pleafure fed. l\iiry ^

I'll flay mongazfrs than the balililk. Sbni/f.

Bright as the fun, her eycsthe g^nurt ftrike ;
"And like the fun, they Ihine on all alike. fppf-

His learned ideas give him a tranfcendent delight ;
and yet, at the fame tinie, difcover the blemirtics
which the common gaxer never obferved. fflitts

Ga'zeful. ^zrt/. [g/!Zf and fulJ.} Looking
intently.

The brightnefs of her beauty clear.
The ravilh'd hearts of g<j;</i/ men might rear
To admiration of that heavenly light. Sfcxfer.

Ga''zehound.». yl \gaze and hound; canU
agafieus. Skinner.'] A hound thatpurfues
not by thefcent, but by the eye.

See'ft thou the ga-zjhound ! how with glance fcvcre
From the dofe herd he marks the deftio'd deer !

TicieJ.

GA'ZETTE. « /. [gazft/aha. Venetiac
liaifpenny, the price of a news paper, of
which the iirft was publilhed at Venice.]
•A paper of news ; a paper of publick in-
telligence. It is accented differently on
the firft or laft fyllablc.

And fometimes when tl'.c lofs is fmall.
And danger great, ihcy challenge all ;
Vrint new additions to their feats,
J^nd emen lations in gniu'tret. HuJIirat.

J4n Englilh gentleman, without gn^raphy, cannot
.veil underftand a^rtif//?. Lode,

One cannot hear a name mentioned in it that does
not bring to mind a piece oflhegaztilc. Aidijon.

All, all but truth, falls-dcad-born from the prefs;
Like the lart gas^ette, or the laft addrefs. P'f-

'•tazette'ir. »./. [froni^azfWf.J

1. A writer of news.

2. An officer api>ointed to publilh news by
authority, whom Steele calls the loweft
minifterof (late.

Satire is no more : IfeeVitdie:
No gaTUiictr more innocent than I. Pcpt.

Gjk'ziNGSToCK. n.f. r^<7» and_/?ed.] A
perfon gared at with fcorn or abhorrence.

Tliefe things are offences to us, by making us
gaxirgjiocki to other;, and objefls of their (corn
and derilion. ^-y.

.CJZO'N. n.f. [French.] In fortification
pieces of f re (h earth co'vered with grafs,
cut in form of a wed^e, about a foot
long, and half a foot thick, to line para-
pets and the traverfes of galleries. Hen-is.

fGiA*.. »./. syruaii. to cloath; geappe.
furniture, Saxon.]

,1. Furniture; accoutrements; dreft; habit;
ornaments.

(Array thyfelf in her moft gorgeous gtar. Fairy ^
When he' found her bound, rtript liom her gtsr.
■And vile tormentors ready faw in place,
•He broke through. .Fairfax.

When once her eye
I Hath met the virtue of this magick dull,
I (hall appear fome harmlefs villager,
^\V!>aia uiiift keeps upaboutlLi couutry-£Mr. Mill.

GEL

I fancy every body obfcrvss itie as I walk the
ilrcet, and long to be in my own pliin jrur jgain.
T " Atldifn'tduanliiii.

To fee fome radiant nymph appear
In all her glilt'ring birthday giar.
You think fome goddefs trim the (ky
Dsfcended, ready cut and ix\. S-a. ft.

2. The traces by which horfes or oxen
draw.

Apollo's fpite Pallas difccrn'd, and flew to Tydeus'
fon ;
His fcourgc reacht, and his horfe made (re(b ; then

took her angry run
At king Eumclus, break his gears, Cbaf:manU II.

The fiaudshe learrei in his frantick yeais
Made him uneafy in his lawful gran. Drydrn,

3. Stuff. Uanmer,

If fortune be a woman, (he is a good wench lor
'this gfar. Shukcfpcare's Mcrch. cf Venice.

4. \\n Scotland "^ Goods or riches; as, he
has gear enough.

5. The furniture of a draught-horfe.
Gg'Ason. <7^'. [A word which I'fifid only

in Sfetfer.] Wonderful.
It to Leeches feemcd Itrange and grafon. Hubi,

Geat. n.f. [corrupted fromyc//.] The hole
through wni<h the metal runs into the
mold, Moxen.

Geck. ft.f. [jeac, a cuckow^ getk, Ger-
man, a fool; gaiuk, Scottilh.] A bubble
eafily impofed upon. Hanmer. Ohfolete.
Why did you fufftr Jachimo to taint his noble
heart and brain with necdlefs jcaloufy, and to become
the geck and fcorn o' ih' other's villainy ? Skalzejf,

Why have you fuflFered mc to be imprifon'd,
And made the moft notorious ^t^ and gull.
That e'er invention pUy'd on. Shal^efpeare.

9"e Geck. a;, a. [from the noun.] To cheat ;
to trick.

Gee. a • term u fed by waggoners to their
horfes when they would have them go
fafter.

GEf SE. The plural oi goofe

Ge'lable. fli//. {ixom gelu, Latin.] What
may he congealed, or concreted inlo a
gelly.

Ge'latine. 1 adj. [gelatas, Latin.]

Gei.a'tinous. / Formeii into a geiJy;
vifcous ; fliff and cohefive.

That pellucid gelatinous fubltance is an excre-
ment caft otf from the Ihoals of fi<h that inhabit the
main. lVood-u.ard

You Oiall always fee their eggs laid carefully up in
that fpermacick gelatine matter, in which ihcy are
repofiicd. , Dcrb.

To G ELD. <v, a. prcter. gelded or gelt ; part.
pzff. gi/ded OT geJt. [g^lten, German.]

1. io caftrate; to deprive of thepowtrof
generation.

Geld bull-calf and ram-lamb as foon as they fall.

TuJ'er.

Lord Say hath gelded the commonweolih, and

made it an eunuch. Sbakeff, Henry VI,

2. To deprive of any elTential part.

He bears his courff , and runs mc up
With like advantage on the other fide.
Gelding th'oppofcd continent as much
As on the other fide it takes from you, Sbaiefp.

3. To deprive of any thing immodeft, or
liable to objedlion.

They were diligent enough to make fure work,
and to geld it fo clearly in fome places, that they
took away the very manfiood of it. Dryden,

Ge'lder. n.f. [from ^<'/d'.] One that per-
forms the aft of caftration.

Ccld later with^^W.rr, as many one do.
And look of a doaen to geld away two. Tufftr,

No Sovi-getder did blow his horn
To geld a cat, but cry 'd reform. Uudiiras,

Ge'loer-rosb, n.f. [I fuppofc brought

GEM

from Giiellcrhiiid. 'Clic leaves arc like
thofe of the maplc-trce; th.e flowers confift
of one k:af, in a circular rofe form.

The gelder-r-fe \i increafed by fuckers and cut-
tings. ' More.
Gk'lding. n.f. [hova geld,] Any animal
caftrated, particularly an horfe.

Though naturally there be more males of horfes,
bullsor rams than kmiles; yet ariiricially, thatitt
by making geldings, oxen and weathers, there are
fewer. Craurr.

The lord lieutenant may chufe out one of the
beft horfes, and twoofthebeft gildings ; for which
(hall be paid one hundred pounds lor the horfe, and
fifty pounds a-piece for xhegeldirtgs. Temple.

GE'LID. adj. IgeJidut, Latin.] Extremely
cold.

From the deep ooic mi gelid cavern roos'd.
They (bounce. 7bomfon*s Spring.

Geli'ditv. n.f. [from gelid.] Extreme
cold. . Dia.

Gt'LiDNEss. n.f. [{tomgelid,] Extreme
<old. Ditii.

Ge'li.y.»./. r_f^/a/aj, Latin.] Any vifcous
body; vifcidity ; glue; gluey fubftance.

My beft blood turn.
To an inlefled gclly. Sbakr/p. fFinttr'j Tale.

The tapers of the gods.
The fun and moon, became like waxen globes.
The (booting ftart end all in purple jellies.
And chaos is at hand. Dryden and Lee*s Oedipait,
The white of an egg will coagulate by a moderate
heat, and the haideft of animal folids are refolvablc
again inlo geJlies. Ar^ulhnct.

Gs.LT. n.f. [fiom geld,] A caflrated ani-
mal; gelding. Notufcd.

The fpayed gells they elieem the moft pr»6(able.

Mprtimer.

Gelt. The participle y>a(R\'C of geld.

Let the others he gelt for oxen. Mt,rtimer*s Htifh.

Gelt. n. f. [corrupted for the fake of
rhyme from ^/.V.] finfel; gilt furfacc.

I won her with a girdle oi gelt,
Emboft with bugle about the belt. Spenfer'sFafi.
GEM. n.f. [gemma, Latin.]

1. A jewel J a precious ftone of whatever
•^kind.

Love his fancy drew;
And fo to take (he gem Urania fought. Sidney,

1 faw his bleeding rings.
Their precious gents new loh, became his guide.
Led him, bcgg'd lor him, fav'd him from defpair.

Sbake/p.

It will feem a hard matter to ftiadow a gem, or
well |)ointed diamond, that hath many (ides, and to
give the luftre where itought. Peacbam on Drawing.

Stones of fmall worth may lie unfeen by day ;
But night itfclf does the rich gem betray. Cnvley.

The bafis of all gems is, when pure, wholly dia-
phanous, and either cryftal or an adamantine matter;
but we find the diaphaneity of this matter changed,
by means of a fine metallick matter, H'nodw.

2. The firfl bud.

From the joints of thy prolifick (him
A fwelling knot is raifed, call'd a gem ;
Whence, in (hort fpace, itfelf the clutter (hows.

DeniaiK,'
Embolden'd out they come.
And fwell the^emr, andburft the narrow room.

Dryden,'

To Giu. V, a. [^^OTOTrr, Latin,] Toadom>j

as with jewels or buds.
To GtM. "v. >/. [gemmo, Litin.] To put I

forth the firft buds.
Laft rofe, in dance, the (lately trees, and fpread

Their branches, hung with copious fruit ; otgemm'd

Their blolToms. Milton's Paradife Lnjl,

Geme'lliparous. adj. [gemclli md pane,

Latin.] Bearing twins. Dm.

Ti

GEN

To GE'MINATE, v, a. [gtmitto, Latin.]
To double. Did.

GsMiNA'xioJf. rt./. [ftom geimnate,] Re-
petition ; redupKcation.

Be not afraid of ■hem tlut kill the body: fear
him, rtbich, after he hath killed, hath power to
call into hell : yea, 1 fay unlo you, with i gim'im-
thn, which the pvelenE conirovcrly ihcws not to
have been caufelefs, fearhira. Boyle,

0 £'«'«*■• »• / [gemmi. Latin.] Twins;
a pair; alirace; a couple.

1 have grated upon my good friends for three re-
|irieves for you, and your couch fellow, Nim, or elfc
you had looked through the grate, like a gemixy of
baboons. Sbuhfftart.

A gcmixy of afles fplit will make jull four of you.

C^ngr.

Ge'minous. adj. [gemhtus, Latin.] Dou-
ble.

Chriftians have baptiied thefe gemlmus births,

.and double connafcencies, with fevcral names, as

conceiving in them a dilHnt^ion of fouls, Brovjn,

Ge'wmaRY. adj. [from i">i.'\ Pertaining

to gems or jewels.

The principle and gftr.iaery affeftion is it» tran-
flticency: as for irradiancy, which is found in many
genu, it is not difcovcrabicin this. Brotvn,

Gs'mmeous. adj. [gemmtiis, Latin.]

1. Tending to gems.

Sometimes we tind them in the gemmnui matter
itfelf. n'oaJvi

2. Refembling gems.

Gemmo'sity. ». /. [from^^'OT.] The qua-
lity of being a jewel. Z>;V?.

Ge'mote. n.f, A meeting; the court of
the hundred. Obfolete.

Ge'nde*. »./. \^gcnus, Latin; getidrt, Fr.]

1. A kind ; a fort. Not in ufe.

Our bodies are our gardens, to the which our wills
»re gardeners ; fo that if we will fupply it with one
geidrr oihtxhi, nrdlftradt it with many, the power
and corrigible authority ol^his lies in our will. Sbak.

'I'he other motive.
Why to a publick court I might not go,
Is the great love the general gender bare me. Sbak.

». A fex.

3. [In grammar.] A denomination given
to nouns from their bcingjoincd with an
adjedive in this or that termination.

Clark.
Cubitus, fomelimet cubitum !n the neutral gen-
der, figni^ the lower part of the arm on which we
lean. Arbuthnot,

Ulj'fles fpeaks of Nauflcaa, yet Immediately changes
the words into the matculine genJtr. Bro'^ne.

Te Ge'ndeR. -v. a. \engtitdrer, Fre9ch.j
I . To beget.
a. To produce; tocaufe.

Foolilh and unlearned quellions avoid, knowing
that ihcy do genJer ftrife. a Tim. ii. 23.

Til Ge'nder. -v. ». To copulate; to breed.

A cilicrn fur foul toads
To render in. Shakeffear'tOthelh.

IImu flifilt not let thy nx.tU gende' with a diverfe
kind. Lev. xit. 19.

Genealo'cical. adj. [from genealogy.^
Pertaining to defccnts or families; per-
taining to the hiftory of the fucceflions
of houfes.
GeNEa'logist. n.f. ['/oiaXr/iv i genealo-
gjir, French.] He who traces dcfcents.
GENEA'LOGY. n.f. [ytucc and a<i-/®-.]
Hiftory of the fucceflion of families ;
enumeration of defcent in order of fuc-
cefiion; a pedigree.

The Ancient ranged chaos into feveral regions ;
and m that order fucceflively rifing one from another,
at if it was a pedigree or {mm/s^j-. Buriut'i Theory.

Vol. I.

GEN

Gs'nekable. adj. [from ^/wm, Latin.]
That may be produced or begotten.

GE'NERAL. adj. [general, French; gene-
ralis, Latin.]

1. Comprehending many fpecies or indivi-
duals ; not fpecial ; not particular.

To conclude from particulars \.o gef-erali is a falfc
way of arguing. Broome.

z. Lax in figiiilication ; not reftrained to
any fpecial or p.irticular import.

Where the author fpeaks more ftridly and par-
ticularly on any theme, it will explain the more loolc
and ^fwrrtf/exprelhons. IVatls.

3. Not reftrained by narrow or diftinctive
limitations.

A general idea is an idea in the mind, confidered
tliere as feparated from time and place, and fo ca-
pable to rcprefent any particular being that is coi!-
ibrmable to it. Locke.

4. Relating to a whole clafs or body of men,
or a whole kind of any being.

They, becaufc fome have been admitted without
trial, make that iaiXl general which is particular.

imigifle.

5. Publick ; comprifil^g the whole.

Now would we deign him burial oi his meni
Till he dilburfed at $t. Colmelkill ille.
Ten thoufand dollars to our^fnVj/ufc. Sbakefp.

N4r fail'd they toexprefs how much they praisM,
That for the general fafety he defpis'd
His own. AIilion*i Paradlfe Lojl.

6. J^'ot direfled to any fingle objeft.

If the fame thing be peculiarly evil, that general
averfion will be turned into a particular hatred againit
it. Sjiratl.

J. Having relation to all.

The wall of I*aradife upfprung.
Which to our general fire gavs profpedf large
IiHo his nether empire ncighb'ring round. XH/tofi.

8. Extenfive, though not univeiTal,

9. Common ; ufual.

• I've been bold.

For that I knew it the mod general way. Shakeff.

10. Geneiol is appended to feveral oflices :
as. Attorney General, Solicitor General, Ft'
car General.

Ge'neral. n.f.

1 . The whole ; the totality ; the main,
without inftfting on particulars.

That which makes an afiionfitto be commanded
or forbidden, can be nothing Hie, w general, but
its tendency to promote or hinder the attainment of
fame end. Norrh.

In particulan our knowledge begins, and fo
fpreads itfelf by degrees to generals. Lockt.

1 have conlidcrcd Milton's Faradifc I.0II in the
fdble, the characters, thefentiments, and the lan-
guage ; and have tliewn tliat he excels, in general,
tinder each of thefe heads. Addifon.

An hiftory paintex paints man in general; a por-
trait painter a particular man, and confequently a
defective model. Reyttldu

2. The publick; the intereft of the whole.
Not in ufe.

Neither my place, nor ouglit I heard of bufinefs,
Hath raifed me from my bed; nor doih \ix^generai
Take hold on me ; for my particular grief
Ingliits and fwallows other forrows, Sbakefpeare,

3. The vulgar. Not in ufe.

The p!ay, I remember, pleafed not the million ;
'twas caviare to the general; but it svas, as I re-
ceived it, and otheri, whofe judgment in fuch mat-
ters cried in the top of mine, an excellent play. Hbak

4. [^General, French.] One that has the
command over an army.

A general is one that hath power to command an
army. Locke.

The generah on the enemy's fide are inferior to
feveral that once commanded the French armies.

Addifon on the fVar.

The war's whole art each private foldier knows,
Afl4 witb a gen'rai'i Wn Vf cpn^ucft glows. Addifon.

GEN

GE.SERAt,l'ssiMO. n. f. [giAerctliJime^
French, from genera!.'] '1 he. fupreme
commander. It is often rather a title of
honour than office.

Commii^on oi generalij/ifna was likewife given to
the prince. Clarendon.

Pompey had defcrvcd the name of great ; an^
Alexander, of the I'ame'cognomination, was gene-
i-.j//^w5 of Greece. Brozvrt,

Genera'lity. n.f, [generalite, French i
from ge/ieral.]

1 . The ftate of being general ; the quality
of including fpecies or particulars.

Becaufe the curiofity of man's wit doth with peril
wade farther in the fcarch of things than were con-
venient, the fame is thereby reltrain'd unto fuch
ggnertilitii-s as, eveiy where ofTcriin: ihemfelvcs, arc
apparent to men of the weakell conceit. Hooker..

Thcfe ccitilicates do only in the generality men-
tion the parties contumacies and difobedience.

Ayiifiei Parergon.

2. The main body; the bulk ; the common
mafs.

Neceffity, not extending to the generality, but
refting upon private hcids. Raleigb's Ejfayb,

By his own principles he excludes from falvutioa
the gi-nerality of his own church ; tlut is, all that
■ do not believe upon his grounds. Tillotfjn.

The generality of the Englillt have fuch a fa-
vourable opinion of treafon, nothing can core them.

Addifon.

They publilh their ill-natured difcoveries with a
fecret pride, and applaud themfelves for the fingu-
larityof their judgment, which has found a flaw in
what the generality of mankind admires. Addifon.

The wilelt were diftra(5led with doubts, while the
generality wandered 'wiihoui any ruler. Rfigen^

Ge'nerally. nd^j. [iKorci general.]

1. In general; without fpecilication orexaft
limitation. . -

1 am tiot a woman to be touch'd with fo many
giddy fancies as he hath generally .tAxcd their whole
fex withal. ' Sbakefpeare,

Ciinerally we would not have thofe that read this
work of Sylva Sylvanim, account it ftiange that wc
have let down particulars untried. B'^con's Nat. PlifK

2. Extcnfivcly, though not univerfally. •

3. Commonly; frequently.

4. In the main; without minute detail; in
the whole taken together.

Generally fpeakine, they live very t{ain\y,,Addif.

Generally fpcaking, they have been gaining eyer
fince, tliough wilh frequent interruptions. ' ^wif}.

Generally (pc:ik\r.^, pcrfons defigned for long tife,
though in their former years they were fmall eaters^
yet hnd their appetites encieafe with their ape.

Blackmore,

Ge'neralness. «./ ] fiom general.] Wide
extent; though (liort of uni^erfality ;
frequency ; commonnefs.

They had, with a general oo,nri;nt, rather fpripg-
ing by the genera Inef of the c lufe than of any arti-
ficial practice, fct themfelves in arms. Sidney.
Ge'neralty. n.f, [fiom general,] The
whole; the totality.

ThCmunicipal laws of thiSkkiogdom are ofavalt
extent, and include in their: ^f»«vi/y all thofe fe-
veral laws which arc allowed as the rule of juftice and
judicial proceedings., I^Iale^

Ge'.verant. n.f. [gene rani, Latin.] The
begetting or produdlive power.

Some believe the foul made by God, fome by an-
gels, and (omi by ihc generam : whether it be
immediately created Or traduced hath been the great
ball ol contention. CJanville's Sceffii.

Ill fuch pietended generations the generent 'it
adtive principle is fuppolcd i»j be the tun, whicli»
being an inanimate body, cunnot aCl otheiwife than
hy his heat. Ray.

To GE'NERATE. ''v. a. {genero, Latin.]
I. 'I'o beget ; to propagate.

Thtfe creatures which being tvild generate ftl-
dom, being tatnCi^evrritr; often. Bttion tHat.liiJl.

"fs'

2. To

GEN

t. To ^rockice to life ; to procreate,

Go4 ciriKd the great whales, and each
Soul living, each that crept, which plentcouHy
The waters fttutaiei by their kinds. AVlnn.

Or find fome other way to gtniratt
M ankind. Mi/ton's ParaJi/t Lofi.

3, Toc»ufe; to prdduce.

Sounds are gtiitr»itd wlicie there it 00 air at all.

Bacon.
Whatever generatet 1 quantity of good chyle,
tnuftlikewife^Mcrit/f milk. Ariutbnol oit jUimenli.
GeneRa'tion. ft./, [from generate, genera-
tion. French.]
J, The aft of beeetting or prodacing.

Seals make eieellent itnprefljons; and lb it may
be thtiught of founds in their firl> gmerailoM : but
then Me dilation of thei», without any new fealiog,
(liews they cannot be imprclTions. Bacon'iNal, IJiJI.

He longer will delay, to hear thee tcU
Kii gtiitrtliat, and the rifing birth
Of nature, finm tlie unapparent deep. Milton.

If we deduce the fevcral races of mankind in the
ieveral parts of the world from generatwn, we muft
imagine the firll numbers of them, who in any place
«^ce upon any civil conditutions, to aflcmble as fo
Buny heads of families whom they rcprefcut. Temf/f.

2. A family; a race.

Y'are a dog.
Thy mother's of my gennathn : what's
flic, if I be a dog? Sbakt/fiart'tTiimai.

3. Progeny; offspring.

The barb'rous Scythian.
Or he that makes liis grneraiiin mefles.
To gorge his appetite, Ihall to my bofom
Be as well neighbour'd. Sh.!kt/fieart' s Klnjr Ijar.

4. A fingle fuccefllon ; one gradation in the
fcale of gene.tlogical defccnt.

"Xh'K gtnei athn Ihall not pafs 't<il all thcfe things

lie fulfilled. Matt. xxlv. 34.

In the fourih gemraticii they fliall come hither

again.

Cen.

A marvellous number were excited to the con-
^uell ot Palefli;;e, which w.lh fingular virtue tliey
performed, and held lliat kingdom fome few gtte
ralicns. Raliigb't Ejfays.

J. An age.

By fome of the ancients a gtneraticn was fixed at
an hundred yeat« ; by others at an hundred and ten ;
ky others at thirty-three, thirty, twenty-five, aud
twenty : but it is remarked, that the continuance of
genrrathni is fo much longer as they come nearer to
the more ancient times. CainKt.

Every where throughout all geiKraluni and ages
of the Chriftian world, no church ever perceived
the word of Cod to be againft it. Hoi.icr.

Ge'weratite. adj. [generatif, FreiKh,
itotngenero, Ijtin.]

1, Having the power of propagation.

Me gave to all, that have life, a power gnura-

ti^'t, thereby 10 continue their fpecies and kinds.

RaUigb's Hlji.ry.

In granes and kertids the greatelt part is but the

Butriment of that grntrathv particle, fo difprapor-

tioiublc unto it, fircivn.

2. Prolifick ;.haviag the power of produc-
tion ; fruitful.

if there hath been fueh a gradual dir^nution of
tht gfnera:ivr faculty upon the earth, why was there
Dot the like decay io the produftion of vegetable? ?

Ben:Uv.
Genf.ra'tor b./. [from ^/wro, Latin.]
The power which begets, caufes, or pro-
duces,

Imagination aSimilates the idea of the ftntrafr
into the reality in the thing tngciidered. Bianun.
GENE'KICAL. Xadj. [generijue.'Fiench;
GENli'RICK. S ffom genus, Latin.]
That which c<7mprehends the genus, or
diflinguiOies from another genus, but
does not diilinguiih the fpccies.

The word confumption being applicable to a pro-
per, and improper to a true aud baftard confump-
tion, requires a ginerUnl dcfrripiion quadrate to
1,3th. iiutTej on CinJum^tiiTti.

GEN

Thoufli wine differs from other liquidl, in that

it is the juice of a certain fruit 5 yet this ii but a

general or ge/ierlei difterencc ) for it does not di-

ftinguilh wine irom cyder or perry; the fpetifick

difTcrence of wine, therefore, is its preffure from the

grape. tfattt'i Logick.

Gene'rically.<»(/^'. [ixom generick.'] With

regard to the genus, though not the fpe-

cies.

Thcfe have all the efTential charaflers of fea-
fliells, and (hew that they arc of the very fame
fpecifick gravity with thofe to which they are fc
genericalh allied. H'acJii'ard.

Genero'sity. n. /. [generofiti, French;
generojitas, Latin.] The quality of being
generous; magnanimity; liberality.

Can he be betier principled in the grounds of

true virtue and ginirofity than his young tutor is?

Lotkc on Education.

It would not have been your gencr^iy, to have

palfed by fuch a fault as this. Locke.

GE'NEROUS. adj. [genero/ut, Latin; ge-

nereux, French. ]

1. Not of mean birth; of good extraftion.

2. Noble of mind; nugnanimous; open of
heart.

A generout virtue of a vigorous kind,
Pure in the laft receffet of the mind. Dryden.

That gen' roushoMmk to defend
An innocent or abfent friend. StvJ/i.

The gen'roitt critick faiin'd the poet's fire.
And taught the world with reafon to admire. Fr^pc.

Such was Kofcommon, not more learn *d than good.
With manners ^flcroi/j as his noble blood. Pc^e.

The gen'rous god who wit and gold refines.
And ripens I'pirits as he ripens mines. _ Pofe.

Hiigc/i'iius fpoufc, Theano, heav'nly fair,
NuR'd the young ftrangerwith a mother's care. Pope.

Pray for others in fuch forms, with fuch ler.gch,
importunity, and earneflnefs, as you ufe for yourfelf j
and you will find all little ill-nalur'd paflions die
away, your heart grow great iivi generous, delighting
iu the common happinefs of others, as you ^fed
only to delight in yo.ir own. Lau'.

3. It is ufed of animals. Spritely; daring;
courageous.

So the imperial eagle does not ftay

Till the whole carcafe he devour.
As if h\sgtn'rcu! hunger underilood
That he can never want plenty of food.

He only fucks the taileful blood. Co^hy.

ASaron fpies
His op'ning hounds, and now he hears their ciies :
A generous pack. Addijan.

4. Liberal ; munificent.

When from his veil the young companion bore
The cup the gen'reui landlord own'd before.
And paid prolufely with the precious bowl,
The ftiiited kindnefs of this churlilh foul. Parnel.

Faft by the margin of her naiiv-e fiood.
VVhofe wealthy waters are well known to fame,

Fair as the bordering flowers the princefs llood,
And rich in bounty as \ix gta'rous llrcam. Heigh.

5. Strong; vigorous.

Having in a digellive furnace drawn off the ardent
fpiril from fome good fack, the phlegm, even in this
generout wine, was copious. Moyle.

Thofe who in fouahetn climes comptaia^
^i.'irsi I'habus* rays they fuficr pain,
Nluil OMn that pain is well repaid,
Jiy gfn'rout wines beneath a (hade. Svjift,

Ck'neROUSLY. adv. [itom genereut.l
I. Not meanly with regard to birth.
i. Magnaniraoudy ; nobly.

When all the gods our ruin have foretold,
ytigenrrovfy he does his arms withhold. Dryd.

3. Liberally ; munificently.
Ge'nerousness. »»/. [{lom generous, '\
The t^uality of being generous.

Is it poiTible to conceive that the overflowing f (•»<■-
rou/ur/s of the divmc Nature usuld create immor-
tal beings with mean or envious principles ? Coiiier.

GE'NESIS. ». /. v'""*; gt»e/e, French.]
I Generation; the iiril book of Hojei,

GEN

which treats of the produ^oa of tlic
world.
G'ENET. n.f. [French. The word origi-
nally (ignified a horfeman, and perhaps a
gentleman or knight.] A fmail-fized well-
proportioned Spanifh horfe.

You'll have your nephews neigh to you ; you'll
have courfers for coufms, and genets for gemunes.

Shakejp. OlIxHa.

It is no more likely that frogs Ihould be engen-
dered in the clouds, than Spaniin genets be begotten
by the wind. Hay.

He (hews his ftatue too, where plac'd on high.
The genet underneath him feems to fly. Dryd,

Genethli'acai . <7(/;". [yi»i.^Ai'(««©-.J Per-
taining to nativities .is calculated by
aftroBomers ; (hewing the configurations
of the ftars at any birth.

The night immediately before he was (Tighting
the art of thofe foolifh aUroIogets, and genethtlacal
ephemerills, that ufe to fry into the horofcope of
nativities. Hov:el't focal ForeJI^

Genethli'ack*. w./. [from ytri^AD. ] The
fcience of calculating natTvities, or pre-
difling the future events of life from the
flars predominant at the birth.
Genethlia'tick. 17./. [viFiiJAii.] He
who calculates nativities.

The truth of aftrological predi^ions is not to be
referred to the conftcllations : the genetbliaticks con-
jecture by the difpofition, temper, and complexion of
the perfcn. Drummond.

Genk'va. ». /. [A corruption of ^M<»f>r,
French, a juniper-herr)'.J

We ufcd t* keep a dilVillcd fpirituous water of Ju»
riper in ilie ftiops. At prefent only a better kind ij
diftilled from ttie juniper-berry : whatis commonl]r
fold is made with no better an ingredient than oil of
turpentine, put into the (till, with a little common
fait and the coarfell fpirit. Hill'i Mat. Med,

GE'NIAL. atij. [genialis, Latin.]
I. That which contributes to propagation.

Higher of the genial bed by far,
.^iid willi myfterious revcrei'.ce I deem. MiHris,.

Creator Venus, genial pow'r of love.
The biifs of men btlow ar.d gods above 1 Drydct^

3, That gives chcerfulnefs or fupports life.

Nor will the light of life continue long,
Btit yields to double darknefs nigh at hand ;
So much I feel my genial fpirits droop. Milton,
3. Natural; native.

It chiefly praceedeth from natural incapacity,
and genial indifpofitioii. £rov.'n's f^ulgarJErrouri .
GE'NjALLt. adt: [from ^<«V7/,]

1. By genius; naturally.

Some men are genially difpofed t9 fome opi*
nrons, and hattlrally averl'e toothers. QUnville,

2. Gayly; cheerfully.
GE^i'CULAThD. adj. [gtnkulalus, Lat;}

Knotted; jointed.

Apiece of fome genieulated plant f;eming to ba
part of a fttgarcane. IVbodyvard on Fcjftis'.

GenICULa'tioN. Ki /. [giaieujet.io, Lat.]
Knottinefs ; the quality in plants of hav-
ing knots or joints.
G'enio. n.J'. [genio, It.tlian; genius, Lat..}
A man of a particular turn of mind.

Some genios are not capable of pui e atfe£tion ; -
and a man is born with talents for it as much as for
poetry, or any other fcience. Tj:/r«.

Ge'nitai.s. n./^ Igera'td/is, Latin.] Parts
belonging to generation.

Him is conceived to be Jupiter, who was tht
youngfft fon'who is laid to have cut off the getiiials
ot hia father. TlroMin.

Ge'niting. n./. [■\ corruption of yane-
titt, French, fignifying 'jane or 'Janet,
having been fo called in honour of fome
latly of that name ; and the Scottilh dia-
led calls theoj Janet apples, which is the

{ass*

GEN

fame with Janttun; othenvire fuppofed
to be corrupted from Junit'mg.'\ An early
apple gathered in June.

In Julj come early pean and plumb] in fruit,
genitingimi ctAXwA, Bacon.

Ge'.nitive. adj, [gfrn'thfu, Latin.] lu
grammar, the name of a cafe, which,
among other relations, fignifies one be-
gotten, as, the father of a Jon ; or one be-
getting, as fon of a father,
GE'NIUS. Tt.f. [Latin ; gtnit, French.]
J . The protecting or ruling power of men,
places, or things.

There is none but he
Whofe being 1 do fear: and, under him.
My geniut is rcbuk'd; as it is faid
Antony's was by Cifar. Sbahfpeare* t MacBftb.

"Vht geniut and the mortal inttrumcnts
Are then in council ; and the tlate of man,
Like (0 a little kingdom, fuf&rs then. Sbakfff.

And as I awake, I'wect mutick breathe.
Sent by fomc fpint to mortals good,
Orth' unkei] gfniui of the wood. Afi/tofi,

And the tarne demon that (houl J guard my throne,
Shrinks at a^nius greater than his own. DryJcn.

To your glad ggnius facriHce this day ;
Let common meats refpe^tfuUy give way. Orydxn,

2. A man endowed with fuperior faculties.

There is no little writer of I'lndanck who is not
ment'.oned as a prodigious g«i///. AdJiJm.

J. Mental power or faculties.

The ftate and order docs proclaim
The j.-n/i/r of that royal dame. tVallfr.

4. Difpofition of nature by which any one
is qualified for fome peculiar employment.

A happy geviui is the gift of nature. Dryden.

Your majefty*s fagacity, and happy gentut for
natural hirtory, is a better preparation for enquiries
of this kind than all the dead learning of the
fchools. Burnetts Theory, PTtface.

One fcience only will one grniut fit ;
So vaft is art, fo narrow human wit. Po^ on CritUifm.

The Romans, though they had no great geniut for
trade, yet were not entirely tvcgleAful of it. Arbuib.

5. Nature ; difpofition.

Studious to pleafe the ;<-«/«/ of the timet,
With periods, points, and tropes, he flurs his crimes.

Dryden.

Knoiha geniui and difpofition improper for philo.
fophical contemplations, is not fo much from the
narrownefs of their underftauding, as bccaufc they
will not take lime to extend them. Burner,

He tames the genius of the ftubbom plain. I'ofe.

6ent. ad/, [g'tf, old French.] Elegant ;
foft ; gentle ; polite. A word now dif-
ufed.

Vcfpalian, with great fpoil and rage,
Torcwafted all: 'till CcuuilTafrf/
Perfuadcd him to ce<t(c. Fairy ^een.

She that wjs noble, wife, as fair and gent.
Call how flie might their harmlcfs lives prcferve.

fa/r/jx.

GENTE'EL, odj. [gentil, French.]
u Polite; elegant in behaviour; civil.

He had a geniteUr mauncr ot binding the chains
of this kingdom than moll of his prcdecelTors. Svjift,

Their poeti have no notion oi genieei comedy,
and fall into the moll tilihy ilouble meanings when
they have a niind to make their audience merry.

AddifoH en Italy

2. Graceful in mien.

So fpruce that he can never be genietl. Tatler

3. Elegantly drcffed.

Several ladies that have twice her fortune, ire not
able to be always fo genieel, and fo conftant at all
places of pleafurc and cxpence* Zdu*.

Ge!<Te'«LLV. di/t;. {Uom genltil.']

t. Elegantly ; politely.

Thofe that would be genteelly learned, need not
purchafe it at the dear rate of being athcifts. Glanv.

After a long fatigue of eating and drinking, and

kibbling, he coDciuiics the great work of dining geii.

^'Ilj- South.

GEN

2. Gracefully : handfomely.
Gente'elness. h./. [from^9».W.]

1. Elegance; gracefulnefs ; politencfs.

He had a genius full of genteelnefs and fpirit,
having nothing that was ungraceful in his potlurcs
and dreffes. DryJ. Dufrejn.

Parmegiano has dignified the gfnteelnrfi of mo-
dern effeminacy, by uniting it with the fimplicity
of the ancients, aiul the grandeur and feverity of Mi-
chael Aiigelo. Reynolds.

2. Qualities befitting a man of rank.
Ge'ntian. ft. f. [gentiattf, French ; ^«-

tiarta, Latin.] telwort or baldmony.

The root of gentiun is large and long, of a to-
lerable firm texture, and remarkably tough : it has
1 taintilh and difjgrceable fmell, and an extremely
bitter tallc. /////'.- Mai. Med.

If it be fiftulous, and the orifice fmall, dilate it
with gentian roots. ffi/iman's Surgery.

Genti ANE'tLA. ». /. a kind of blue

colour.
GE'NTILK. n,f [genlilit. Latin.]

1. One of an uncoveiianted nation; one
who knows not the true God.

Tribulation and an^ilh upon every foul that
doeth evil, of the Jewfirft, and alfo of the f mr//;.

Rom. ii. 2.

Grniilts or infidels, in thofe i<£lion*, upon both
the fpiritual and temporal good, have been in one
purfuit conjoined. Bacon,

2. A perfon of rank. Gbfolete.
Fine Batll defircth it may be her lot

To grow, as a gilliflower, trim in her pot;
1'hat ladies and gcntitcSf for whom wedoferve.
May help him as necdctb, poor life to prcferve.

Tujer.

GETILE'SSE. ». / [French.] Compiai-
fance : civility. Not ufed.

She with her wcdding-cloaths uudrelTes
Her complaifance and gentilejfii. Hudibras,

Ge'ktilism. n. /. \gentilijme, French;
from genti'.e.^ Heatnenifm ; paganifm.

If invocation of faints had been produced in the
apoHolical times, it would have looked like the in-
troducing cA gentiiifm again. Stillingjieet,

Gentili'tious. adj. [grtttiliiiut, Latin.]

1. Bndemial; peculiar to a nation.

That an unfavory odour is gentilitiouj, or national
, unto the Jews,reafonorfenfe will not induce. Srov.-n.

2. Hereditary; entailed on a family.

The common caufe of this didcmper is a particu-
lar and perhaps a gentiliiious difpolition ol body.

Arbuthnol,

Genti'lity. »./. [gentilite, French; from
getiti!, French; geittiUi, Latin.]

1. Good extraftion, ; dignity of birth.

2. Elegance of behaviour ; gracefulnefs of
ruien ; nicety of tafte.

3. Gentry; the clafs of perfons well born.

Gavelkind mud needs, in the end, make a poor
gentility. Davits on Ireland.

4.. Paganifm ; heathenifm.

When people began to efpy the fallhocd of oracles,
whereupon all gentility wis built, their hearts were
titterly averted Irom it.- Ihoker.

GENTILE, adj. [geitiilit, Latin.]

1 . Well born ; well defcended j ancient,
though not noble.

They entering and kilting all of the gentle and
rich failion, fcr honcfty fake broke open all prifons.

Sidney.

Thefc are the ftudies wherein our noble and gentle
youth ought to bellow their time. Milton nn Kduca.

Of gentle blood, part Ihed in bonour'i caufe, '
Each parent fprung. Pefe.

2. Soft; bland; mild; tame; meek; peace-
able.

I am one of thofe gentle ones that will ufe the
devil himfcif with curtcfy. Shaktff. l-wrlfth Night,

Her voice was ever foft,
Ctntliiai low: an »c«ilcnt thing in woman, Sbttk.

GEN

Atgi^f/f, i»d asjocund, as tojeft,
r.o I 10 hght. Sh^kejp. Riehard 11.

A virtuous and a good man, reverend in cooverfi-
tion, and gi/rr/f in condition. » Mac. iv. it.

The genilfjl heart on earth is ptov'd unkind-

Fairfax.

Your change was wife; for, had fhe been deny'd,
A fwifi revenge had follow'd from her pride r
You from my ger:tle nature had no feats ;
All my revenge is only in my tears. Dryd, Ind. Emf,

He had fuch a gentle method of re|»roving their
faults, that they were not fo much afraid as afhiined
to repeat them. Atterb.

3. Soothing; pacifick.

And though this fenfe firft gentle mufick founds
Hrr proper objetl is the Ipecch of men. Daviett

Ge'ntle. ». /.

1. A gentleman; a min of birth. Njw
out of ufe,

GfttrUsf do not reprehend ;
If you pardon, we will n-.end. Shaleffeate.

Where is my lovely bride ?
Howdoes my father i Ceniles, methinks you frown.

Sbaiefpeare.

2. A p.irticular kind of worm.

He will in the three hot months bite at a flagworm,
or at a green gentle. Ifalmn's Angler.

To Ge'ntle. •v.a. To make gentle; to
raife from the vulgar. Obfolete.
He to-day that rtieds l-.is blood with me,
Shall be my broiher: be he never fo vile.
This day ^txW gentle his condition. Skakeff,

Ge'ntlefolk. tt.f. [gentle ^viA fo!k,'\ ?c'r-
fons diftinguifhed by their birth from the
vulgar.

The queen's kindred ate made gentlefolk. Shake/.

Gentlefolks will not care for the remainder of »

bottle ol wine j therefore fet a frdh one before them,

Stsjift:

GE'NTLEMAN. n. f {gentdhomme, ir.
gciitiihuomo. Ital. tliat is, homo gentilis, i
man of Anceflry. All other derivation*
fcem to be whimfical.]

1 . A roan of birth ; a man of extraiS\ion,
though not noble.

A civil war was w'ltliin the bowels of that ftate,
between ti\<: gentlemiin ,iiid the pcal'ar,.j. Sidney

1 Itccly tolj you all the wealth 1 had
Ran in my veins; I wtti^gentleman, SBak.

He hither came a f\i\ne gentleman.
But young and brave, and ot a family
Ancient and iMble. Otvay's Orphan.

You lay a long defcended race
Makes gemlemcn, and that your high degree
Is much dil'parag'd to be match'd with nw, Dryieti.

2. A man raiftd abo\e the vulgar by his
charafteror port. ,

Inquire me out fome mean-bom gentUnan,
Whom I will marry ftrait to Clarence' daughter.

$kakfp^

He is To far from defiring to be ufed as a gtn~
ticman, that he delires to be ufed as the fervant of
all. La-u.

3. A terra of complaifance ; fometimes iro-
nical.

The fame gentlemen who have fixed this plei;e tf
morality on the three naked fillers dancing hand \n
hand, would liave found nut as good a one had there
been four of them fitting at 1 diftance, and covercsf
from head to fool. Addifon,

4. The fervant that waits about the perfua
of am.in of rank.

Sir Thomas More, the Sunday after he gave up
his chanccllorfliip, came to his wile's pew, and uled
the iifual words of his grnlkman uftier, Madam, rny
lord is gone. Camden,

I.ct be cali'd before us
That gentleman t>i Buckingham's in perfon. Shakeff,
J. It is ufed of any man however high.
The earl of Herelotd was reputed then
In England the molt tiWmt gentleman. Sbakr/^.
The king is a (iMz g'ntlemait, and my familiar.

Siakejfear*.

GEN

Gintlemajili'kb. \aJJ. IttntJeiimH and
Ge'ktle MANLY. J //i*. J Becoming a
piao of birth.

He hoidrth himfelf a gentleman, and fcorntth to

WBrk, which, he faith, is the liie of a pcafant or

churl; kui ciiureih himfelf to his weapon, and to

the grniltmanly trade of dealing. Sftnjtr.

Pyramus is a fwxet.factd man ; a proper man as

ene (hall fee in a Summer's day; a mod lovely

^^itrmKtilUe man. Shakef^tarr.

Y.m ha»c irain'd me up like a peafant, hiding

from me all gtmilemanlike qualities. Shakr/p.

Two clergymen flood candidates for a freefchool,

where a gentleman procured the place for the better

Icholar and more gntl/eman/ji peifon of the two.

Sv.'i/i.
Gs'ntlenes*. »./. [from gent/e.']
I. Dignity of birth ; goodneis of e.\traftion.
a. Sottnefs of manners, fwectnefsof difpo-
iition i meeknefs; tendernefs.

My lord Scbalhan,
The truth, you fpeak^doth lack (ome genthiti-fs.

Shake/f.
Your brave and haughty fcom of alls
WailiaKly ahd monarchical;
All gtntUnifs with that cAeem'd
A dull and llavitli »irtue fecmcd. Cmiley.

Still the retiins
Her maiden gfitiletirft, and oft at eve
Vifiis the henli. Mition.

The perpetual gentlentfa, and iohcrentgovdnels
•f the OrmonJ Family. DryJtu'i Faiirt, Driiic.
Changes are brought about lilcnily and infciifibly,
ivilh all imagiuable benignity and gentlenefs.

fViiodwurd'i Natural ItiJIory.

Matters muft correit their fervanls with genile-

nfft, prudence, and mercy. Ragrrs.

Women ought not to think gtmlrnt/t ol heart

defpicable in a man. C/arfJ/~a.

3. Kindnefs; benevolence. Obfolete.

The grnt/iKt/t of all the gods go with thee. Siji.

Ge'ktleship. n. J. [from gerit/e.] Car-
riage of a gentleman. Obfolete.

Some in France, which will needs be gentlemen,

have Oion g^ftt/t^hif in their hat than in their hc^.

yifcham^t Heht^lmjjifr.

Ge'nti.ewoma n. n.f. [gentlt and I'xmtin.
See GeiN'tleman.]

1. A woman of birth above the vulgnr; a
woman well defcended.

The gentlrwomen of Rome did not fuffer their
iafaiita to be fo long fwathed as poorer people. Attn.

CK>ih this Sir Hrotheui
Often refort unto this ^e«/Atf o«r.3«, Shakeffimre.

CtnllrwtmiH may do thcmfelves much good by
kneeling upon a coDiion, and weeding. Bacon.

2. A woman who waits about the perfon of
one of high rank.

The late i|U:en'sfi//nvomdA,a knight's daughter.
To be her miftrefs' miftrefs ! HhakrJ. H^nrji Vlll.

Ker pniltyuonm, like the nereids.
So many mermaids, tended her i' th' eyes,
Aud made their bends adorings. Sbakrf.

3. A word of civility or irony.

Now, gutilf^'oman^ yoti arc confefTmg your enor-
r-.tties; 1 know it by that hypocritical down-cad
look. Dij'Jin,

Ge'.vtly. aJij [from^r«//^.1
I. Softly ; meekly ; tenderly ; inolTenfively ;
kindly.

Mvinidrefi,^/f//y chides the fault I made. Dryd,
The mifchicis that come by inadverlency, or ig-
norance, are but very grntly to be taken notice of.

Locki.

a. Softly; without violence.

Fortune's blows,
Wlmn molt Itruck home, being gf»//v warded, craveV
A poblc cunning. Hhaktfp. d-ribUtiu:.

A fort ai great ba', as men lay alkcp with their
\f^t naked, will fuck their blood at a wound fo
gtntli made as iiot to awake them. Crfw'i Muf.

Gi'.NTRY. n. J\ ^^tntlirj, gtntrj, from

gtnt'U.\

GEO

1. Birth; condition; rank derived from
inheritance.

You are certainly a gentleman,
Clerk-like cspericnc'd, which no lefs adorns
Our gffirr^ than our parent's noble name.
In whofc fucccfs we are gentle. Siak. lH»t. 7Wf.

2. Chfs of people above the vulgar; thofe
between the vulgar and the nobility.

They flaughtcted many of the gfttry, for whom
no Ux or age could be accepted for excufe. SiJxfy.

I.et (late!, that aim at jreatnefs, take heed how
their nobility and g'""y multiply too fail. Bacon.

How cheerfully the hawkers cry
A fatyr, and the geniry buy. Sv'ifl.

3. A term of civility reil or ironical.

The many coloured gmlry there above,
By turns are rul'd by tumult and by love. Prior.

4. Civility ; complaifance. Obfolete.

Shew us fo much gentry and-good-will.
As to extend your time \Yiih us a-while. Shakefp.

Genufi. e'ction.w./. [^f»»/fcA-»(!»,French;
ge/iu and^f<75, Latin.] The aft of bend-
ing the knee; .adoration expreffed by
bending the knee.

Here ufe all tfie rites of adoration, gemijlexhiii,
wax-candles, inccnfe, oblations, prayers only ex-
cepted. Siillingjltct.

Gt-'NUINE. adj. [geuuinut, Latin.] Jsot
fpurious ; not counterfeit; real; natural ;
trlic.

Experiments were at one time tried with grnuine
materials, and at another time with fophiiticaied
ones. B»y/e.

The belief and remembrance, andlove and fear of
God, have fo great influence to make men religious,
that where any of thcfi: is, the relt, together with
thetrueand^ewBweffeasof them, are fuppofed to
be. ^ , Tiihf/^n.

A fudden darknefs covers all ;
True geKK/'« night : night added to the groves.

Dry Jin.

GE'.N-ulNELY.<7</r. [fromgenum.] Without

adulteration, without foreign admixtures ;

naturally.

There is another agent able to analize compound
bodies lets violently, more grnuinely, and more uni-
virfally than the fire. Boyle.

Ge'k u I n e n ess. »./. [from gextiine.] Free-
dom from any thing counterfeit ; freedom
from adulteration ; purity ; natural ftate.
It is not eOential to the gexuintire/i o( colours to
be durable. Boyle.

GE'AVS. n. /. [Latin.] In fciejice, a clafs
of being, comprehending under it many
fpecies: as quadruped is a gcnm compre-
hending under it almoft all terreftrial
beafts.

A general idea is called by the fchools ^rns/r, and
it is one common na'ure agreeing to feveral other
common natures: fo animal is a genus^ bccaufe it
•agrees to horfe, lion, whale, and buttcr&y. Watts.

If minerals arc not ainvcrtiblc into another Spe-
cies, though of the fame genuxy much lefs can they
be furmifed reducible into a fpecies ot aiiothergraui.
flarvty on Catifumftiun.

Geoce'ntrick. adj. \^ri andxsiTporj geo~
ciiitrique, Fr.] Applied to a planet or
orb having the earth tor its centre, or the
fame centre with the earth. Hants,

GE'ODi^SIA. ». /. [yi*/««ri'<<; gtodtjjc,
French.] That part of geometry which
contains the doctrine or art of meafuring
furfaces, and finding the contents of all
plain figures. Harris.

Geod^'tical. aAj. [from ^e</«y?/7.] Re-
lating to the art of meafuring furfaoes ;
comprehending or ftiowing the art of mea-
furing land.

GE'CGRAPHER. it. J. [yS and yf-*?";

GEO

gfngraphf, Fr.] One who dcfcribes fte
earth according to the pofition of its dif-
ferent parts.

A greater part of the earth hath ever been peopled
duo hath been kiMwn or defcribcd by gfograf hers.

Brtntne^

The bay of Naples is called the Crater by the old

geographers. Addifon*

From fea to Tea, from realm to realm I rove.
And grow a mtct geographer by love. Ticiel,

Geogra'phical. adj. [geographique, Fr.
from geography. '\ Relating to geography;
Belonging to geography.
Geogra'phically. ad<v. [from geigro'
ph'ia/.^ In a geographical manner; ac-
cording to the rules of geography.

Minerva leu UlylTcs into the knowledge of hit
country; (he geographically dcfciibes it to him.

Broome on the Odyffey.

Geo'craphy ». y. [y! and vf"?" ; gf"-
graphie, French.] Geography, in a ftrift
fcnfe, fignifies the knowledge of the cir-
cles of trie earthly globe, and the Ctua-
tion of the various parts of the e.irth.
When it is taken in a little larger fenfe,
it includes the knowledge of the feas
alfo; and in the largeft fenfe of all, it
extends to the various cutloms, habits,
and governments of nations. Wati%,

Olympus is extolled by the Creeks as attaining
unto heaven ; but geography makes (light account
hereof, when they dilcourleof AndcsorTenerifF.

Broiifi's Fiilgar Errourr.

According to ancient fables the Ar^naufs failed up-

the Danube, and from thence pafled into th.c Adri-

atick, carrying their (hips upon their (houlJers ; a-

mark of great ignorance in geugrapby. Atkutbnot.

Geo'looy. n. /. [yvi and Aoy®-.] The

doctrine of the earth ; the knowledge of

the ftate and nature of the earth.

Ge'omancer. a. /. [yi and /*«»ti«.] A

fortuneteller; a calier of figures; acheat

who pretends to foretel futurity by other

means than the allrologer.

Fortunetellers, jugglers, gi-&man;ersf and the
incanlatory Impoltors, though commonly men of in-
ferior rank, daily delude the vulgar. Brawn^

GE'OM.^NCY. «./ ['/„andix.a,TU.]geo'
mance, French.] The aft of calling fi-
gures; the aft of foretelling by figures
what lliall happen.

According to lome thire are four kinds of divina-
tion; hydromancy, pyromaiicy, aeromancy, and
gcomancy. Aylijje.

Geoma'ntick. fl(^'. \fxora gamancy.^ Per-
taining to the aft of calling figures.

Two getmantick figures were difplay'd -
Above his head, a warriour, and a maid ;
One when ditedl, and one when retrograde. Dryd. ^
G Eo'm eter. «.y. [yijiUiiT^nt,; geometre, Fr]
Onelkilled in geometry; a geometrician.
He became one of the chief geimetertoi his age.

ITain.

Geo'metral. adj, \geomctral, French;

hom geametrj.'\ Pertaining to geometry.

Did.
Geome'trical. \aJj. [y«*'/«'trf«««; geeme-
Geome'trick. J trique, P'rench; from
geainelry.

1. Pertaining to geometry.

A geometrical (chcme is let in by the eyes, hut
the demoultration is'difcerncd by reafon. More,

This mathematical dilliplinc, by the help of gro'
metrical principles doih leach to contrive fevcral
powers. IVilkins.

2. Prcfcribed or laid down by geometry.

Mutt men take the meafurc ot God luft by th<
fame giomeiricai profortioas that be did, that ga.

tbA'd

}

GEO

■ iker*i the height and bignefs of Hcrmles hy hfs
foot > StUViTiifieet .

Does not this wife philofophcr altert,
That the vaft orb, which carts io fair his bcamsy
Is fuch, or not much bigger than he fcems ?
That tile dimcnfions oi his glorious face
Two .if«mc/r/r> feel dc jrce furpafs ? Blachnare,
3, Difpofed according to geometry.

Giometrick jafper feemcth of affinity with the
Ijiphfungumalit it(cT\hti byBoetius; but it is cer-
tainly one fort of hph cruciformh. Grciv'i Muf.
Geome'trically. atlnj. [from gecmeiri-
eal.] According to the laws of geometrv-.

'Tis poffible gr!,mciri!-ai!y to contrive filch an
artificial motion as fliall be of greater fwiftnefs thai
the revolutions of ihe heavens. IViikirts't Mali.

All the bones, mufcles, and vcffels of the body are

contrived mo\l gcimeirku/iy, accoitling to the ftrict-

eft rules of niechaniclcs. Ji,iy.

C BOM E T it I'c IAN. n. /. [ytufi^iTftK-] One

flcilled in geometry; a geometer.

Although thecr be a certain truth, rMmetridani
would not leceive fatisfadion withotit demonftration
thereof, Bro-wn.

How eafily does an njvn giomitrkian, with one

t|4ancc of Ms eye, take in a complicated diazram,

made up of many lines and circles ! train.

» To Geo'meTRIZE. 1!. a. [ys4i^»7fi*i.] To

aft accordiag to the laws of geometry.

We obtained good ftore of cryftals, nhofc figures
were differing enough, though prettily ihaped, as if
nature had at once atfeOed variety in their figuration,
and yet confined herfelf to geomtfr.'-cf. Soy/e.

GEO'METRY.*-./ [vj-//-^;^; gea^«eir:,,
French.] f)rii;inally fi^niHes (he art of
meafuring the earth, or any diftsnccs or
ilimenfioiM on or within it : bar it is now
nfed for the fcience of qirnntity, exten-
fion, or magnitude abftraftedly confidej--
ed, without any regard to matter.

Gnmetry U ufually divided inio fpcculativc and

practical; the former of which coniemplaies and

hears of the properties of continued ijuaniity abftrjit-

edly; and the latter applies ihefe fpeculations and

theorems u ufc and practice. Han is.

In the mufcles alone there feemi to be more gre-

mttry than in all the artificial engines in ihe mirld

Raj on lie Crtjiiiji.

, Him alfo for my cenfor I difdaio,

Who thinks all Icicnce, as all virtue, rain;
Who counts gecmeOy and numbers toys,
Ami with his toot ihe farred duft dclfroys. DryJ.
GeoPo'nICal. aJj. [-/9 and tm®-; grr/po-
niqut, French.] Retaring to agriculture ;
relating to the cultivation of the ground.
Such eipreflions are fre<)uent in authors grapuri.
tal, or fuch as have treated Jc re ruftUj. Bra^tr.
Geopo'nicks. n. /. [yiand»«;^.] Tht:
fcience of cultivating the ground; the
dodrine of agriculture.
George.?/, y. [Georght, Latin.]

1. A figure of St. George on horfcback
worn by the knights of the garter.

I/Jok on my genrge, I am a gentleman ;
Rite me at what ihou wilt. Hhakcfp. Henry W.

2. A brown loaf. Of this fenfe I know not
the original.

Cubb'd in a cabbin, on a maltrafs laid,
Oo a brown j«>r^,, with lowly fwobbers, fed. DryJ.
LjEORCICK. It. J. [vie/pvixo ; gtorgiques,
Fr.] Some part of the fcience of huf-
bandry put into a pleafing drefs, and fet
off with all the beauties and fmbellilh-
ments of poetry. Addijon.

Oeo'rcick. adj. Relating to the dodrine
of agriculture.

Here I perufe the Mantuan'sgrw^/V;! firaiiis,
And learn the lahonriof ItalUd Iwait.s. Cjv

Geo'Ticic. adj. [from v^-] Be^ongiag to
the earth; terrcKtial, liui.

GE S

Ge'rent. adj, [g'reitt, Latin.] Carrying;

bearing. Via.

Ge'rfalcon. w. /". A bird of prey, in

fize between a vulture and a hawk, and

of the greateft ftrength oext to the eagle,

Bailey.
G e'r M A N . n. f. \germain, French ; germa-
nus, Latin.] Brother; one approaching
to a brother in proximity of blooa : thus
the children of brothers or fillers are called
coufins cermait, the only fenfe in which
the word is now ufed.

TTiey knew it was their coufin geriaair, the fa-
mous Amphialus. Sidney.

And to him faid, go now, proud mifcreant,

Thyfelf thy raefiage do togerman dear. Fairy Sluern,

Wert Ihou a bear, ihoj wouldit be kill'd by the

horfe; werl thou a hotfc, ihou wouldrt be fei/.'d by

the leopard ; wert thou a leopard, xhon Vfzvx. grrman

to the lion, and the fpots of thy kindred were juiies

on thy life. Sbalsefpeare'i'Tim^n.

You'll have your nephews neigh to you; you'll

have courfers for coufins, and genets for germatis.

ahakefpeare^l Olbello.

Ge'r M A N. adj. [germanus, Latin.] Related.
Obfolete.

Nol he alone (hall TufTerwhat witcan make heavy,
and vengeance bitter; bul ihofe that are gfi-ma;; 10
him, though removed fifty times, (hall come under
the hangman. Sbakfpeaie.

Gh'RMANDER. ti. f. [grrmandree. French ;
cbameedryi, Latin. [ A plant. Miller.

Ge'emf. ».y; [^ermeu, Latin.] Afprout
or (hoot; that part which grows and
fpreads.

Whether it be not made out of ihegerme, or
treadle of the egj, doth d^.n of letfer doubt. Brc-wn.
Ge'xmin. ?/./. [^cr«M, Latin.] A (hoot-
ing or fprouting feed. Outofufe.

Though palaces ar.d pyramids do dope
Their heads to their foundations; though the Ircafure
Of nature's jfrim/>j tumble all together.
Even 'till dellruOion licken ; anfwer me
To what I alk you. Sbukefpcare'i Macieih.

Thou all-lhaking thunder.
Strike flat the thick rolundily o' the world ;
Crack nature':- mould, all gcrmini fpill at once
That make ungrateful man. Ulakejf. King Lear.

To Gti'RMINATE.o'. «. {gtrmiiio, Latin.]
Tofprout; tofhoot; to bud; to put forth.

This adlion is furthered by the chalcites, which
hath within a fpiritihat will put forth iwA germinate,
as we fee in chymical trials. Bacin's Saiutal Hijt.
The feeds of all kinds of vegetables being planted
near the furfice of the earth, in a convenient foil,
amongd matter proper for the formation of vegeta-
bles, would geimixaie, grow up, and rcplenilh the
face of the earth. Hlod-waril.

Gkrmi.na'tion.»./: [germination, French,
itam germinate.] The ad of fprouting or
fhooting: growth.

For acceleration of ^^'i-BuVa/fOT, wc Ihall handle
the fiibjedl of plants grnerally. Baton.

The Duke of Buckingham had another kind of
germination; and furcly, had he been a plant, he
would have been reckoned among the/pontt na.
fcent/i. H'ottcn.

There is but little fimilitude between a lerrcous
humidity and fUnui germinaiiotit. Clanvillc.

Suppole the earih Ibould b- carried to the great!
dirtance ol Saturn; theie tl.c whole globe would be
one frigid aoue j there would be no hre, no ga mi-
nation. • Beniley', Sermons:
Ge'rund. n. /. {gertttidium, Latin.] Jn
the Latin grammar, a kind of verba!
Doun, whic-li governs cafes like a verb,
(jESi. n. f. [g^um, Latin.]
1. A deed; anadion; an atchievement.

Who fair thfm qi.itcs, as him beleemed beft,
• And ^wA^ Hn difcoutic with miijy * noble g^rj!.

S^tnjtr ,

GET

2. Show ; feprefcntation.

Gr^j Ihould be interlarded after the jPerfian man-
ner, by ages, young and old.

3. The roll or journal of the feveral days,
and ilagcs prefixed, in the progrefTes of
parkings, many of them being ftill extant
in the herald's office, [from gijle, or gite,
French.] Ha/imer,

I '11 give you Jtiy commi jtion,
To let him there a month, behind the f^,
Pieftx'd for'", parting. Sbakifpeare'i Irinter's Tale.

4. A flage ; fo much of a journey as palfes
without interruption. In -all fenfes ob-
folete.

He<diftin£tly fcis down the gejls and progi-efj
thereof. Bra-wn.

Gesta'tion. n. /. [gefiaiis, Latin.] The
ad of bearing the young in the womb.

Ariftotle affirmeth ihe birth of the infant, or time
of its grfiation, extendeth fomctimes unto the ele-
venth month ; but Hippocrates avers that it erceed-
eih not the tenth. Bmun,

Why in viviparous animals, in the time of gr/n-
tion, (houid the nourilhmcnt he carried 10 the em-
bryo in the womb, which at other times gicth not
that way? Hay on lie Creation.

re GESTI'CULATE. t: n. [gfjlicuhr, \^-
\\n\ gejliciiler , French.] Toplayantick
tricks; to fhew poftares. Diet,

GisTicwL a'tion. ?/. y. \grjliculatio, Lat.
gijlicula'.ion, French; from gefliculate,'\
Antick tricks ; various poftures.

Ge'sture. ».y. \_gero,gtJium,\.Ai.l\ti\ gtjle,
French.]

1 . Aftion or pofture expreffive of fentiment.

Ah, my filler, if you had heard his words, or fcen
his gtjiurei, wlien he made me know what and to
whom his love was, you would have matched in
youifclf thofe two rarely matched together, pity and
delight. SiJne)!.

When we make profcflisn of our faith, we ftand;
when we acknowledge our fins, or feek unto God
for favour, we fall down; becaufe the gejiure of
conllancy becometh us bell in the one, in the other
the behaviour of humility. Hotker.

To the dumbnefs of the gr/iwe
One might iiiteiprct. Sb^iktjpejre's TimonofAtbens.

Humble antl' revijrend gtjiitrei in our li^ roaches
to God cxprefs the inward reverence of our fouls.

Duly of Man.

2. Movement of the body.

Grace was in all her Iteps, heav'n in her eye,
In ev'iy^f_^«re dignity and love! Milion^ i P ar ,Lofi,

Every one will agree in this, that we ouglit either
to layaiidc all kinds of gejl are, or at leatl to make
ufe of fuch only as arc graceful and expixlfive.

Addifan's Spictalor,

To Ge'sture. t}. a. [from the noun. To
accompany with adion or pofture.

Our attire difgraccth it, it is not orderly read,
nor grjlured as bef^emelh. ilooker\

Me undertook fd to grfturc and mufile up himfelf
in his hood, as the duke's manner was, that none
(hould difcem him. fVotien,

To GET. t--. a. pret. / ^."Z, anciently jr?/;
part. paff. ^0/, or gotten, [jetan, jit'an,
8axon.]
I. To procure; to obtain.

Thine be the cofF I, veil hall thou \t grA. Sp,rtfer,
Of that which was our father's hath he g'titm all
this glory. Cen. xxxi. I.

We gat our bread with the peril of our lives.

Sam. V. g.

David Pat him a name when he returned from

fmiting olthe Syri.ins. i .S'.im. vni. 13.

Moll of thcfe things might be more exaiSly tried

by the Torricellian experiments, it wc could get

tubes fo accurately blown that tlit cavity were per-

feflly cylindrical. Bty!,',

Such a confcicnce, as has not been wanting to

itftlf, in endeavouring to get the ntmolt and clcuclt

infoimation about (he will ol God, tliat its power,

advaniagci,

G E T

»l»»nt»J«l, »nl 9f(»r:ur.u';c« could ifTofd U, U Alt
gre»t irnemil jujjf, whoCe iblolution u a nlloml
ind fure |roiinJ of confi4er\ce. South,

Ht inrrnlih'y jjr a facility, without percciv.i;;
how ; jnd thit is attributed wholly to nafire, » hull
wai much mote the cfifcdot ufe andpra^ice. Lidi.

The man who lives upon alms, f « him hii fet of
admirers, and delights in fupcriority. AdJifyn*

Sphinx wjs a moailer that would eat
Whatever ftrangcr ihe could get.
Unlets his ready wit difclosM,
The fablle riddle (he propos'd. AJJt/iit't KTiig Bx.

This pra^icc is to be ufcd at ftrft, in order to get
a fixed habit of attention, and in fome cai'ei only,

"The woM gtt is varioulVy ufed : we fay to g^i
money, to gri in, to ^« off, to gi.' ready, to ^ft a
ftomach, and to gel a cold. Haiti.

2. To force ; to feize.

Such lofcls and fcattcrlings cannot eafily, by any
conllaMe, or other ordinary officer, be ^o/«w, when
they are challenged for any fuch fafl, Sfenfcr.

'n>e king feeing this, Ibirted from where he laf,
• Out fromhis trembling hand his weapon ^»:'. Djniel,

All things, but one, you can rtdore^
Tlic heart you gtt netums no more. Ifjller.

3. To win by conteft.

Henry the fixth hath toft
All that which Henry the fifth had gillen. Shakeff.

He j^r his people great honour, and he made
battles, protecting the hoft with his fword.

I Mac. iii. J.

To gel the day of them of 4115 own nation, would
be a mod unhappy day for him. a Mac. v. 6.

Auria held that courfe to have drawn the gallies
uithin his great Ihips, who thundering amnngft them
with their great ordnance, might have opened a way
unto his gallies to have gotten a viflory. Krtollet,

4. To have poffeffion of; to have. This
fcnfe is commonly in the compound pre-
terite.

Then forcing thee, by fire he made thee bright;
Nay, thou halt ^0; the face of man. Uirbert,

5. To' beget upon a female.

Thefe-boys are boys of ice; they'll none of her ;
fure they arc faaftaids to the Englilh, the French
■ever ^0/ them. Shah/fcare.

Women with (hldy'd arts they vex :
Ye gods deftroy that impious fex ;
And if there muft be fome t'invoke
Your pow'rs, and make your altars fmobe.
Come down yourfelvcs, and, in their place,
Cn a more juft and nobler race. Waller,

Children they jof on their female captives. O^ckf.

If yoii'll take 'em as their fathers ^or 'em, fo and
well; if not, you muftftay 'till they g« a better ge-
neration. Drjdert^

Has no man, but who has kill'd
A father, right to gel a child ? Piicr.

Let ev'ry married man, that's grave and wife.
Take a tartulf of known ability.
Who (hall fo fettle lafting reformation ;
Firft gel a fon, then give him education. Dor/el.

The god of day, defcending from above,
Mixt with the day, and got the queen of love.

CrunvUle.

6. To gain as profit.

I'hough creditors will lofe one fifth of their prin-
cipal and ufc, and landlords one tifth of their in-
come, yet the debtors and tenants will not gel it.

I.scte.

7. To gain a fupcriority or advantage.

If they get ground uid 'vantage of the kmg.
Then join you with them like a rib of (led. Siiji,

9. To earn ; to gain by labour.

Having no mines, nor any other way o( getting or
keeping of riches but by trade, fo much ot our trade
as is lofl, fo much of our riches muft nccelliirily go
with it. tcJe.

If it be fo much pains to count the money I would
(ftni, what labour did it colt my anceftors toni it ?

l^cke,

9. To receive as a price or reward.

Any tax laid on foreign commodities in England
raifes their price, and makes the importer g// more
for them ; but a tax laid on your home-made com-
awiitics JefTcos (hcirfHCC. Jjckt.

GET

w. To learn.

This defeO he rre<|uently lamented , it being harder
with him to gtt oue fiifinou by heart than to pen
twenty. Fell.

Gel by lieart the more Cbmmon a)nd ufeful words
out of fome judiciu'is vocabulary. H'ails.

11. To procure to br.

I ihall l1iew how we may^c/ it thus informed,
and afterwards prefcrve and keep it fo. Scutb.

12. 'I'o put into any ftatc.

Nature taught them to make certain 'vcflels of a
tree, which tjicy got down, not with cutting, but
with fire. Ahbot.

Take no lepulfc, whatever (he doth fay ;
For, get you gone, fhe doth not mean away. Sbak.

He who attempts to^« another man into his ab-
folute power, does thereby put hjmfelf into a (late of
war with him. Locke.

Before your ewes biing forth, they may be pretty
well kept, to giT^ them a little into heart. Moriimer.

Hciiin, who was taken up in embalming the
bodies, vifited the place very frequently ; his gtcatct\
perplexity was how to get the lovers out of it, the
gates being watched. Guardian.

13. To prevail on; to induce.

Though the king could not get him to engage in a
life of bufinefs, he made him however his chief
companion. Spe3ator,

14. To draw; to hook.

With much communication will he tempt thee,
and fmiling upon thee^rt out thy fccrets. Exclcf. xiii.

By the marriage ot his grandfon Ferdinand he
got into his family the kingdoms of Bohemia and
Hungary. Addijon,

After having got out of you every thing you can
fpare, I fcorn to trefpafs. Guardian.

15. To betake; to remove; implying hafte
or danger.

Get you to bed on th' inllant ; I will be return 'd
forthwith. Stakefpeare' s Oibello.

Arife, ff thee out from this land. Gf«.xxii. 13.

X.eft they join alfo unto our enemies, and tight
againft us, and fo get them up out of the land.

Exodus, i. 10.

He with all fpeed got himfelf with his folloucrs
to the (Irong town of Mega. Knolics*s kiiji^jry.

16. To remove by force or art.

She was quickly got off the land again. Knolles.

The roving fumes of quicklilver, in evaporating,
would oftentimes fallen upon the gold in fuch plenty,
as would put him to much trouble \.o get them oS
from his rings. Boyle.

When mercury is got by the help of the fire out
of a metal, or other niii^ral body, we may fuppofc
this quicklilver to have been a perfeft body of its
own kind. Boyle,

They would be glad to gel out thofc weeds wFich
their own hands have planted, and which now have
taken too deep root to be eafily extirpated. Locke.

17. To put.

C» on thy boots; we'll ride all night. Shaktff,

18. 78 Get of. To fell or difpofe of by
fome expedient.

Wood, to gel his halfpence off, offered an hundred
pounds in his coin for feveniy iu filver. Swi/i.

To Get. i/. n.

i> To arrive at any (late or pofttire by de-
grees with fome kind of labour, effort,
or difficulty : ufcd either of perfons or
things.

Phalantus was entrapped, and faw round about
him, but could not gel out. Sidney,

You knew he walk'd o'er perils, on an edge
More likely to fall in than to get o'er. Sbak. H.W ,

The llranger (hall g« up above thee very high,
and thou (halt come down very low. Deui. xxviii.43.

The fox bragged what a number of (hilts and
devices he had to gel from the hounds, and the cat
faid he had but one, which was to climb a tree.

Bacon.

Thofe that are very cold, and efpecially in their
feet, cannot ^^^ to fleep. Bacon's Natural Uljfory.

I utterly condemn the praftice of the latter times,
that fame wha are pricked for Iheriffs, and were fit,
(hould get out of the bill. Bjcm'i /Uvice K yUllen.

GET

He gtl vivj uoto the Chriftian;, and liirJIy
efcaped. Kntiliti.

iL wo'jid be at their backs before they conM get
out of Armenia. KnoUet*i Ihjiiry cfti^ Tttrxi,

She playt with his rage, and gtti above his anger.

Denhd^%

Tli: lalilant air had got away in bubbles. Boyle,

1'hcre are f*w bodies whofe minute parts (lick fb
dofe togeilirr, but that it is pullible to meet with
fome oihcr body whofe fmall parts may get between,
and (o disjoin them. Biyle.

There was but an infenlible diraiiiution oi tlic
liquor upon the recefs of whatever it wai that got
through the cork. Biy/e,

Although the univerfe, and every part thereot, arc
objet.^ full of excellency, yet the multiplicity thereof
is fo various, that ilie undcrtlanding falls under a
kind of defpondency of gelling through fi great a
talk. H.:le-, Origin of MaikhrJ.

If there Ihould be any leak at the bottom of the
velfcl, yet very little water would get in, becaufe o*
air could ger out. Ifilkint,

0 heav'n, in what a lab'rinth am I led |

I could get out, but (he detains the lliread ! Drydm,

So have I feen fome fearful hare maiutaiis
A courfe, 'till tir'd betbie the dog Ihe lay ;

Who, llietcird behind her, pants upon the plain,
Paft pow'r to kill, as Ihe togrf away. Dryjen.

The more oily and light part ol this mafs would
get above the other, and fv^-im upon it. Burnet.

Having^/ through the foregoing palTago, let ui
go on to his next argument. Lo.-ke.

The removingof the pains we feel, is the gelling
out of mifery, and confequently the Hrll thing to be
done, in order tohappinefs, ablentgood. Locie.

If, having go.' into the fenle of the epiftlct, we
will but compare what he fays, in the places where
he treats of the fame fubjefl, we can hardly be mif-
taken in his fcnfe. Locke,

1 got up as fall as pofTible, girt on my rapier, and
fnatahed up my hat, when my landlady came up t»
me. Taller.

Bucephalus would let no hoiygel upon him but
Alexander the Great. Addifon oti Italy,

Imprilbn'd tires, in the clofe duogeoni pent.
Roar to get looh, and (Iruggle for a ventj
Eating their way, and undermining all,
'Till with a mighty burft whole mountains fall.

AJJj/in,

When Alma now, in difT'rent ages,
Has finilh'd her afcending (lages,
Into the head at length Ihe gets.
And there in publick grandeur fits,
To judge of things. Prloi:

1 refolvcd to break through all meafurci to get
away. Sv)i/t.

2. To fall ; to come by accident.

Two or tliree men of the town are got among
them. Taller.

3. To find the way; to infinuate itfelf.

When an egg is made hard by boiling. Knee there
is nothing that appears to get in at the Ihell, unleJj
fome little particles of the water, it is not eafv to
difcovcr from whence elfe this change proceeds than
from a change made in the texture ol the parts.

Bi-ylt.
He raves ; his words are loofe
As heaps of faiid?, and fcattering wide from fenfc :
So high he's mounted in his air) hope.*.
That now the wind is got into his head.
And turns his brains to freniy. Dryd. Sfan. Fryar.

A child runs to overtake and get up to the top of
hit (h;idow, which (till advances at the fame rate
that he does. Locke.

Should drelTing, feafling, and balls once get among
the Cantons, their military roughnefs would be
quickly loll. Addijbn.

The fluids which furround bodies, upon the fur-
face of the globe, get m between the furfjcc of bo.
dies, when they arc at any diftance. Cbeynt,

4. To move; to remove.

Gel home with thy fewel make ready to fetj
The fooiier, and eafier carriage to get. TuJJtt,

5. To have recourfe to.

The Turks made great halle through thcmidft of
the town ditch, toge/up into the bulwark to faelf
their fellows. Knollei'j Hifitry.

Lying 4t fa cheap -a aorci fo( any mifcarriage,

and

GET

• tnl fo mucli in fafliior, that a child can fcarce be
kept from grf'^S '■"° ''• L<xif-

6. 'I'o go ; to repair.

1 hey ran to their weapons, and furioufly aSailed

the Turks, now tearing no fuch jnafter, and were

not as yet all /fc./ into tJ caftle. Kmllti'i Hilltiry.

A knot of ladies, gor together by themfelves, is a

very fchool of impertinence. Sviift.

y. To put one's felf in any Rate.

They might get over the river Avon at Stratford,
and gtt between the king and Worcefter. CiarrnJoti.

We can neither find (burce nor ilfuc for fuch an
eiceffire roafs of waters neither where to have them ;
nor, if we had them, how to gel ouit of them.

Burnet's Theory of the Earth.

Without his afTiftance we can no more get (jnit
of our afHiflion, than but by his permiflion we (hould
have fallen into it. ' It'aie

There is a fort of men who pretend to divert
themfelves of partiality on both fides, and to get
above that imperfect idea of their fubjeft which little
wiitcrs fall into. {'•fe ox Homer.

Ai the cbtaining the love of valuable men is the
happieft end of tfiis life, fo the next felicity is to get
rid of fools and fcoundreli. Pope to S-wiJt.

8. To become by any aft what one was not
before.

The laughing fot, like all unthinking men.
Bathes and gen drunk ; tlien bathes and drinks

again. D>jden.

9. To be a gainer ; to receive advantage.

Like jewris to advantage fet.
Her beauty by the fiiade does get, Waller.

10- ToGiT off. 'I'o efcape.

The gallica, by the benefit o( the (hores ^d (hal-
lows, ^0/ 0^ Hitecrt't h^ar XfitO&'fai/i,

Whate'er thou doft, deliver not thyfword ;
With that thou ma) 'ft get off, i!io' odds Of pofe thee.

Dry Jen.

II. To Get wtr. To con<]ner;- to fup-
prefs ; to pafs withont being flopped in
thinking or aAing.

'Tis very pleafant to hear the lady propofe her
doubts, and to fee the pains he is at to get oier
them. AilJiJin.

1 cannot gel ryer the prejudice of t:ikirgfan:e lit-
tle offtnocai the clergy, for perpetiieily readinj their
lermont. Sxii/j.

To remove this diflBculiy, Peterborough was dit-
palched 4» Vienna, xaigsi tver fotne parr of thtfe
4ifpiites. Stvlfi.

»2. 7» Get «/, To rife from repofe.

Sheep will get yf betimes in the merniiig to feed
againft rain, Baegn's Natural U'Jl-^y.

1.3. loGtruf. To rife from a feat,
1^ To remove from a place.

Cet you up from about the tabernacle of Korah,
Dalhan, and Abiram. Numi.tXv\.

15. To g*/, in all its (Ignifications, both
active and neutral, implies the acquifition
of fomething, or the arrival at fomc ftate
or pkce by fome ineans ; except in the
ufe of the preterite compound, which
often implies mere poflelfion : as, he has
got a good ejlatt, docs not always mean
that he has acquired, but barely that he
poflcfles ir. So we fay the lady has got
black eyti, merely meaning that fhe has
them.

Ge'tter. ar. /. [from^f/.]

I. One who procures or obtains.

a. One who begets on a female.

Peace is a vtry lethargy, a geitir of saorc baftatd
ehildrcn than v«r'i a deflroyer of men. Shaktjii.

Ge'tting. tt.J. [from p<-/.]

1. Aft of getting; acquifition.

Wifdom is the ptincipaJ thing, therefore get wif-
dom ; and wiib all thy getting get unJerftanding.

PrerV. iv. •/.

2, Gain ; profit.

Wbo bwi a ftaie to rcf air may not dcfpife fmall

G H E

thinp ; and it is \eU difhonourable to ahridje » petty

charge than to ftoop to petty gellings. Bacon.

The meaner families return a fmall (hare of their

gettings, to be a portion for the child. Sw/i.

Ge'wgaw. ». /. [jejap, Saxon; Jqyau,
French.] A (howy trifle; a toy ; a liauble;
a fplendid plaything.

That metal they exchanged for the meaneft trifles

and ge^t'ginvs which the othea could bring. Abbot,

Prefer that which Providence has pronounced to

be the ftafF of life, before a glittering jewgaw that

has no other value than what vanity has fet upon it.

L'£/f range.
As children, when they throw one toy away,
Straight a more foolifh gfwgaw comes- in play.

' Dry den.

A Y\tiv^ ge^gav, call'd a crown, that fpread
About his temples, drown'd his narrow head.
And would have crulhed it. Dryden't Juvenal.

Some loolc the bands
Of ancient frieiidlhip, cancel nature's laws
For pageantry and tawdry grw»*r«/r. Philips.

The firit images were fans, tilks, ribbands, laces,
and many other ge^ga^s, which lay fo thick that
the whole heart was nothing elfe but a toylhop.

Addi/on^i Guardian,

Ge'wgaw. adj. Splendidly triiiiDg; (howy
without value.
Let him that would learn the happinefs of reli-

gion, fee the poor gruguit happinefsof Feliciana

jLnv'r Serious Call.

Gh a'stful. eidj. [^aj-r and pullc, Saxon.]
Dreary; difmal; melancholy; fit for walk-
ing fpirits. Obfoletcj

Here will 1 dwell apart.
In ghejiful fntty 'till my lall flecp
Do clolc mine eyes ;

Heh> me, ye baneful birds, whofe Ihrieking found
Is (jgn of dreary death . Spenfer'i Pajlcratt.

Gha'st. iNFSs. »./. \(x6m ghajily.'\ Hor-
rour of coontenance; refcmblance of a
ghoft ; palenefs.
GHA'.t.TLY. adj. [?;aj^, OTghcftmi lile.]

1. Like a ghoft ; having horrour in the
countenance; pale ; dreadful; difmal.

i Why looks your grace fo heavily to-day ?

— t), 1 have pal> a miferable ntghl ;
Sd full of iTgly fights, ol ghajtiy dteams.
So full of difitial terrour was the lime. Shakrff,

EnvyquicklydifcOveredincourtSolyman'schanged
countenance upon the great baffa, and began now
to' (hew her ^Aj/?// face. Knoltes,

Death
Gtinn'd borribltj^Aa/'/vfmile, to hear
Hi; famine ihould be fill'd. Milton's Paradift Ltfl,

1 hofe departed friends, whom at our Uli fepara-
tion we faw distigur^d by all the gLjJily hfrrours
of death, we (hall then fccalTiUir^g about the ma-
jelJick throne of ChriA, with their once vile bodies
trao^figuitd into the likenefs of hit glorious bodv,
mingling their glad acclanutionswith the halleltijahs
of thrones, princTpaliiies and powers. Boyle.

He came, but with futh aliei'd looks.
So wild, fo ghajily,, as if fomc ghrifl had met him,
All pale and fpeechlefs. Ursden' s ^panijh Friar,

1 did not foi thefe ghajlli vifions fef>d ;
Their fuddea coming dc>es'fome ill portend. Dryd,

2. Horrible; (hocking; drcodful. .

To be lef? than go»ls
Difdain'd ; but meaner th'iughls learn'd in their

flight.
Mangled with ghajlly wounds through plate and mail.

Milton.
I who make fhe triumph of to-day.
May of to-morrow't pomp one pan appear,
Gbajlly with wounds, and lifclcfs on the bier !

Prior.

Ghas'tness. n. J. [from jaj-t, Saxon.]
Ghaftlinefs ; horrour of look. Not iifcd.

Look you pale, miftr^fs?
Do you perceive the ghojineft of the eye ? Sbakrjp,
Gh'erkin. }^ j. ffiom Pffjf/r, (jprman, a
cucumber.] A finall pickled cucumhcr.

Skinntr.

G I A

To Ghess. -v. li. [See To Gvess. Ghtjt
is by criticks confidered as the true or-
thography, but_f»^ has nniverfally pre-
vailed.] 1 o conjefture.

GHOST. «./. [jaj-r, Saxon.]

1 . The foul of man.

Vex not hisgi'v' • Oi '«' l^'™ P^fs ! He hates him,
That would upon the rack of this I'ough world
Stretch him out longer. Shakejpeare^s King I,xar^

Often did I (trive
To yield the ghoj} ; but iVill the envious flood
Kept in my (oul Sbakr/peore's Richard HI*

2. A fpirit appearing after death.

The mighty gio^f ot our great Harrys rofe.
And armed tdwards look'd with anxious eyes.

To fee this fleet among unequal foes.
By which fate promis'd them tlieir Charles (hould rife.

Dryden.

3. To grvf up tkeGvio%r. To die; to yield
up the fpirit into the hands of God.

Their (hadows feem
A canopy molt fatal, under which
Our army lies ready to give up the ghcjl. Shakefh.'

4 . The third perfon in the adorable Trinity,
called the Holy Ghoft.

To Ghost, -v. n. [from the noun.] To ■
yield up the ghoft ; to die. Not in ufe.

Euryalus taking leave of Lucretia, precipitated
her into fuch a love-fit, tliat within a few houri
(he ghcfted. Sidntjf,

To Ghost, i/. a. To haunt with appari-
tions of departed men, Obfolete.

Julius Czfar
Who at Philippi the good Brutus ghoJi,d,
There faw you labouring lor him. Shake/peart,

Gho'stmness. »./. [irova ghjij.'] bpiri-
tual tendency ; quality of having referenCfc
chiefly to the foul. '
Gho'stly, «://. [from ^Ac/?.]
I. Spiritual; relating to the foul ; not car- ■
nal ; not fe ular.
Save and deieiid us from out 2/6°^/y enemies.

Common Piayer^^
Our common ncccfTitles, and the lack which w*
all hj>-e, as well of giojlty .is of earthly favours, is
in each kind fo ealily known, but the gifts of God,
accofiliiig to thefe degrees and times, which he in
his fecrct wifdom feeih meet, aie fo dlvcrfely be-
llowed, that it feidom appeareth what all receive, ■
what all ftaiid in need of, it feldom lieth hid. Hooker.
The graces of the fpirit are much more precious
than worldly benefits, and our gh^Jljy evils of greater
importance than any harm which the body fceleth.

Hooker,

To' dei\y me the ghoji'y comfort of my chaplains,

f.-ems a greater barbarity than is ever uled by

Chriftians. ■ King Ctartei.

2.. Having a charafter from religion; fpi.-'
ritual

Heiice will I to my ghcjily friar's clofe cell," ■
His help to crave, and my dear hap to tell. ShUkefp.
The gh^jlly lather now hath done his lhrift.W..>.

GIA'LALINA. n.f. [Italian.] f arth of a
blight gold colour, found in ftie king-
domofNaples, very fine, andmuch valued
by painters. IVorJiuard's Met. Frjf.

Gia'mbeux. »./.[y(jmi«, French.] l^gs, .
or armour for Icijs ; greaves.

The moiial ftcel difpileoufly entail'd,
D<!ep in their flelh, (jiiite through the iron walls.
That a large purple ftieam adown their g'umbciix
fall. .Spen/er,

Gl'ANT, »./. [geant, French; g'gas, t.at.]
A man of fizc above fhe ordinary rate of
men; a mm unnaturally large. It is ob-
fervahle, that the idea of a jjiant is alwavs
aOTociatcd with pride, brutality, and rt-ick-
ednefs.

Now does he feel his axle
Hang loole about him, like a glaitl's rohe
Upon a dwitWh Uiief. Sbakejf. Mactetb.

GaWi

Cattt ofmonircht
Are irchM lb h\(^h ihai gi^wn may jet tbraugh,
Ard keep their impious lurbaofon, without
X/ood-morrow to the fun, Sbakfjf, Cymitiinr.

Woman's gentle brain
Cquld not drop forth fuch gi.iit rude invention ;
Such Ethiop words. Shjhf^, Aiysuiijccit.

Furcc faces ihreat'ning wars,
^I'jfrrs of mighty bone, and boid emprife! Milton.

Th(rfe rianrtf thoic mighty men, and men oi
reitouti, lar exceeded the proportion, nature, anu
ftrcngth of thoft giaitlt remembered by Mofes of
his own time. RaUigb*t Hijiory.

The j:ja/ brothers, in their camp, have found
I was not forc'd with eafc to quit my givund. DryJ,

By weary (Vep$ and flow
The groping gUm with a trunk of pine
Explor'd his way. Aiiifon.

Neptune, by pray'r repentant, rarely WQd,
Aiilicb the chief t'avcngc his gi-i»t Ton,
(iieat Polyphemc of more thaii mortal might. Tcpe,

Gj'ant;£ss. }i. f. [from g>aiit.'\ A Uic-
eiant ; a woman of unnatural bulk and
height.

I had rathn be a gUmifi, and lie under mount
Peiion. SbaMefpfurt.

Were this fubjeifl to the cedar, (he would be able
to make head agairift that \iM%<t giant eft, Hovfl.
Gi'antlike. 1 o{/. [from giant and /I'/r.]
Gi'antly. J Gigantick; vaft; bulky.
Single courage has often, without romance, over-
come giantly difficulties. Decay of Piety,
Notn ithllanding all their talk of reafon and phi-
lofophy, which they arc deplorably ftr.\rigcrs to, and
thofc unanfwerable doubts and difficulties, which,
over their cups, they pretend to have againft
Chriftianity; petfuade but the covetous man not to
deify his money, the proud man not to adore him-
felf, and I dare undertake that all their giantlike
objc^ious agalnS the Chrill-an religion fliall prc-
lently vaiiirti and (juit the lielil. Scutb.

Gi'antship. ti.f, [itom giant.l Quality
or charadler of 8 giant.

His giatiijhip is gone fomewhat creft fallen,
Stalking with lefs unconfci^nable l^rides.
And lower looks. Miiton's Agonifiet,

Gi'bbe. u. f. Any did worn-out animal.

Hanmer.
For who that'5 but a queen, fair, fober, wife,
Would from a paddock, from a but, a gibbe,
Such dear concernings hide ? Shakejfeare^ s Hamlet,

To Gi'bbe R. i;. ». [from _/Vjiiifr,3 To
fpeak inarticulately.

The flieeted dead
Did fqueak antigMer in the Roman fticets. Stair/.
Gi'bbe RISH. n. /. [Derived by Siiv/ier
from gti/er, French, to cheat; by others
conjeftured to be formed by corruption
from jahbtr. Bat as it was anciently
written geirijh, it is probably derived
from the chymical cant, and originally
implied the jargon of Gci^er and his tribe.]
Cant ; the private language of rogues and
gipfcys ; words without meaning.

Some, I. if they happen to hear an old word,
albeit wry natural and ftgnificani, cry out rtraight-
way, that we fpcak no EngliOi, but gibberijh.

Sfenfer.

Some of both fexes writing down a number ot
letters, jud as it came into their heads ; upon
reading this gibberijh, that which the men had wrote
founded like Migh Dutcbi and the other by the wo.
men like Italian S-u^i,

Gi'bbet. »./. [giiet, French.]
I. A gallows ; the poft on which malefaftors
are hanged, or on which their carcafes are
cxpofed.

When was there ever curfed aiheill brought
Unto the gibbet, but he did adoie
Tbatbleflcd pow'r which he had fctat nought?

Daviet.
You fcandal to the (lock of verfe, a /^ce
Able to bring the gibbet in difgrace. CleavclanJ,

O 1 B

Uamaiifuiiered death himfeirnpen ihtxtpf giiltei

that he had provided for another. VUfiiairge.

Papers lay fuch principles to the Tories, as, if

tlicy were true, our next butin-cfi Ihould be to erc^

\ gtbbctt )q evfry pariUbt and hang them out of the

. wfav. ' . ' ' ' ■- Sv>i/i.

2. ' Any triwrte bcaitis.

To Gi'bbet. %: «. [fro'cn the noun.]

J. 'lo hjng'or eipoffi oil. a gibbet.

\"iig:iie! u;iV,\iaia,c. ,. i ' QlJbam.

2. To iiaijg on any thing going travcrfe:
as the beam of a gibbet.

He (hall come oft' anJ on fwifter than he that
gibieti on the brewer's bucket. Sbakefp. Henry IV.

Gl'BBIRR. n. J. [French.] Game ; wild
fowL

Thcfe inpoib are l^id ta^ all butcher's meat,
while, at llie far^c time, the fowl and gibiier arc
tax-free". Aiiijm or, haly

GiBBo'siTV. »./. [gihbo/tte, Fr. from _f;i-
hom.'\ Convexity; prominence; protu-
berance.

When fhips, failing contraiy ways, lofe the fight
one of another, what fliould take away the fight of
Aiips from c-ich btller, but the giibojiy of the in-
terjacent water ? .^*y.

Gl'BBOUS. adj. [gibbus, Latin ; gibieu.v.

French.] •
I . Convex ; pxatubefant ; fwelling into in-
equalities.
The bones will rife, and make a giiboui member.

ti^ijeman.
A pointed flinty rock, all bare and black,
Ckvi gibbtus from behind the mountain's back.

Dryiien

I The fea, by this accefs apd recefs, (huffling the

empty (hellj, wtars thent away, reducing thofe that

' arc concave and gibbous to a fiat. IVoaJvard,

•z. Crookbacked.

I demand how the camels of Baflria came to
have two bunches on their back, whereas the camels
of Arabia have but one ? How oxen, in lomc,
countries, began and continue gibbous, or hauncli-
backed ? Broivn.

Gi'bbovsness. »,/ \iiora gibboui,'\ Con-
vexity ; prominence.

To make the convexity of the earth difcccnible,
fuppofc a man lifted in «he air, that he may have
a fpacious horizon,; but then, becaufe of the Ji-
ftancc, the convexity and gibbiufaefs would vanidi
away, and he would only fee a great circul.ir flat.

Bentlty't Sermons.

GiBCAT. ji./. \^gib andca/.] An old worn-
out cat.

1 am as melancholy as a gibcat, or a lueg'd bear.

Shttkejpcaie.

To GIBE. T,'. n. [p-fl/'fr, old ^French, to
fneer, to ridicule.] To fneer ; to join
cenforioufncfs with contempt.

They fccm to imagine that we have ere>3ed of
late a frame of fome new religion, the furniture
whereof we (liould not have borrowed Iroin our
enemies, left they fliould afterwards laugh and gibe
at our party. llooker.

When he law her toy, and gibe, and geer.
And pals the bounds of modcft merry make.
Her dalliance he defpis'd. Spenfer.

Why that's the way to choke i gibing fpirit,
Whofe influence is begot of that loofe grace
Which ihallow laughing hearers give to fools. SJb^k,

I'hus witli talents well endu'd
To be fcuirilous and rude.
When you pertly raife your fnout,
Fleir and gibe, and laugh and flout. Sviji.

To Gibe -v. e:. To reproach by con-
temptuous hints ; to flout ; to feoff; to
ridicule ; to treat with fcorn ; to fnccr ;
to taunt.

When rioting in Alexandria, you
Did pocket up my letters, and vitb taunts
Did gibe my mitfive out of audience. Sbakejpeare,
Draw the beafts as I dcfcribe ihem,
i From their features, while I gibe them. Sviift.

G I D

GiBF. «./. [from the verb.] Sneer; fcint

of contempt by word or look ; feoff; att
or exprcffion of fcorn ; taunt.

Marie the fleers, \.\\t gibes, and notable fcorni
That dwell in ev'ry region ot his face. Sbalttfpeart,

The rich have Itill a gibe in llore.
And will be monttrous witty on the poor. Dry Jen.

If they would hate from the botijom of their heart?,
their averfion would be too ftrong for little gitrt every,
moment. Xprffalor,

But the dean, if thisfecret Ihould come to his ears,
Will never have done with his gibes and his jeeri.

SVL'Ifl.

Gi'eeR.»./. [from^;^.] Afneerer; one
who turns others to ridicule by contemp-
tuous hints ; a fcoffer ; a taunter.

V You are well undcrltood to be a more pcffeA
giber of the table, than a neccflary bencher of the
Capitol. Sbakefp. CorialaMMS,

He is a giitr, aifd our prefent bufwefs
Is oi more I'erious confequcnce. Henfinfaet.

Gi'bikgly. aei'v. [from gibe,] Scornfully;
contemptuoudy.

His prefent portance,
Gibiitgly and ungravcly lie did fafhion
After til' inveterate hate he bears to you. Sbahjp,

Gi'blets. ti. /. [According to Minfht-yj
itom gobbel , gobblet : according to "Jteiihis
more properly from sibier, game, Fr.]
The parts of a goofe which are cut off be-
fore It is roaltcd. ♦
'Tisholydayi provide me better cheer :
•Tis holyday ; anJ (hall be round the year :
Shall! my houfliold gods and genius cheat.
To make him rich who grudges me my meat ?
That he may loll at eafe ; and pamper'd high.
When I am laid, may feed on ^'^/r/ pie, Dryjen.

Gi'bstaFF. k, /.

1 . A long ftaff to gage water, or to fliov*
forth a veflel into the deep.

2. A weapon ufed formerly to fight beaft*
upon the ftage. Diif.

Gi'ddilv. ^i/f. [from^iV^^'.]

1. With the head feeming to turn round.

2. Inccnflantly ; unfteadily.

To roam
Giddily, and be every where but at home.
Such freedom doth a banilhment become. Dtnnt.

3. Carelefly; heedlefly ; negligently.

The parts that fortune hath beflow'd upon her,
Tell her, 1 hold as giddily as fortune. Sbatef,

Gi'ddiness. ». /. [from _f/V</y.]
I. The ftate of being giddy or vertiginous ;
the fenfation svhich we have when every
thing fepms to turn round.

Megrims and giddinefs are rather when we rife
after long fitting, than while we fit. Baccn.

This blelTed ihiflle, which is fo (bvereign a me-
dicine againil the ^/V*///rr/i of the brain; 'tis this
will fettle it. Holyday,

Vain fliow and noife intoxicate the brain,
Begin with giddimfs, and end in pain. Tiung.

z, Inconftancy ; unfteadinefs ; mutability ;
chan; eablenefs.

There be that delight in giJdineft, and count it
a bond.tge to fix a belief. Bacon.

3. Quick rotation ; inability to keep its
place.

The indignation of Heaven rolling and turning
us, 'till at length fuch a giddincfs feizcd upon go-
vernment, that it fell into the very dregs of fedbaries.

Soulb.

4. Frolick ; wantonr.efs of life.

Thou, like a contrite penitent.
Charitably warn'd of thy fin."!, do'ft repent
Thefe vanities ar>d giddinejfes. Donne.

Gl'DDY. trii;, r;s'^'5> Saxon. I know not
whether this word may not come from
gad, to wander, to be in motion, gai/,
gid, giddy.]

I Very

G I f

1. Vertiginous; haring in the lieaJ, a whirl,
or fenfation of circular motion ; fuch as
happens by difeafe or drunicennefs.
Them rev'ling ihus the Tcntyriles invade.
By gidiiy ht-ads and ftagg'ring !cjs betray 'd. 7a It.

%, Rotatory; whirji.-g; running round with
- celerity.

As Ixion fis'd, the wrelch Dull feel
Thcg/Wy motion of the whirling mill. Pope.

3. Inconltant; mutable; unfteady; change-
ful.

Our £uicie> are mangiJJy and unfinn.
More longing, wavering, foonerloft and won,
Than womcns' arc. Hhakijptare'i T'welflb Nighl.

It may be gnats and flies have their imagination
more mutable anigiJJj, a fmall birds likcwife

Thanks togtJJy chance, which never bears,
That mortal blifs Ihould laft for length of years.
She cart us headlong from our high cllate.
And here in hope of thy return we wait. Drydtn.

The giJJy vulgar, a their fancies guide,
Witli nolle fay nothing, and in parts divide. DryJen.

You are as giddy and volatile as .?vcr, the reverfe
•t Pope, who hath aUvays loved a domefticic life.

. Sxiifi lo Cay.

4. That which caufes giddinefs.

The fre<]uent errors of a palhltfs wood.
The giddy precipice, and the dang'rous flood. Prlcr.

Thefylphs through mjitick mazes guide their way,

Through all the giddy circle they purfue. Popt.

% Hcedlefs; thoughtlefs; uncautious; wild.

Too many giddy loolilh hours are gone.
And in fantartick mcafures danc'J away. Rirwi.

_ How ineicufeable are thofe giJdy creatures, who,
la the lime hour, leap from a parent's window to a
fculband's bed. Clarijfa.

6. Tottering; unfixed.

As we pac'd along
Upon the giddy footing of the hatcha,
Methought that Glo'fter ftumblcd. Shakefftart.

7. Intoxicated; elated to ihoughtleffnefs ;
overromebyanyoverpoweringinticement.

Art thou not giddy with the falhion too, that thou
haft Ihifted out of thy tale into telling me of the fa-
""f; , Shakefftart.

Like one of two centending in a priie.
That thinks he hath done well in people's eyes ;
IIcjring»(ip!.iufe and univcrfal Ihout,
Giddy in Ipirit, gazing llill in doubt.
Whither thofe peals of praife be his or no. Siaie/p.

foGi'DDY. i>. tt. [from the noun.] To
turn quick. Obfolete.

A fodaine North-wind fefcht.
With an exu-eme fea, quite about agsine.
Our whole endeavours ; and our courfc conftraln
To ^/rf^,V round. Chafman.

GiDDVBRAiNED. adj. [fiWJ^ md train.]
Carelefs; thoughtlefs.

■Ii"? •*"■"] 7'} '•*'"' 5"" "ineceffaty, ufelefs,
g.ddyiramd^b! Ot-maj', r,mctpr,firv,d.

GiDpy HEADED, adj. QiJJy and hmd.]
Without thought or cauuonj without
Iteadmefs orconllancy.

And fooner may a gulling weather fpv.
By drawing forth heav'.ns fcheme defcry
What fafhion'd hau or rtiffs, or fuits, oeit year.
Out giddy.beadtd antick youth will wear. Donne
That men are fo mifaffeiftcd, melancholy, jf/V/^v-
tC'jded, hear the teftimony of Solomon. Su,,of,

Giddy PACED, adj yddy and fcfA
Moving without regularity.

More than light airs, and recollefled term.,
of thefe mod brilk and giddypacd times. Shakeff

GiEH-BACLE. ,/./. [fomctimes it is writ-
kin/""'^ ■' ^" "^'' °^ * particular
Thefe fowl. Ihall not be eaten, thefwanind the
Of FT. »./. \\xo\n giwe.^

I. A thing given or ^flowed; fcmething
contcrred without price.
Vot. I.

« I G

They preftntcd unto him gifts, gold, «nd fnnVin-
Ctnle and myrrli. Mat. ii. 1 r.

Recall your ^j/?, for I your pow'rconfefs;
But firll take back my life, ig^jt that's lefs. Dryd.

2. The aft of giving.

Creator bounteous, and benign.
Giver of all things good, but faireft this
Ofall thy»/7/j, nor envyeft. Milton.

Thee afl things living gaieon, all things thine
By «'/'-. Milion.

3. 1 he right or power of bellowing.

Tliey cannot give ;
For had the gift been theiis, it had not here
Thus grown. Mi/ton.

No man has any antecedent right or claim to that
which comes to him by free gift. Souib.

4. Oblation; offering.
Many nations fhall comewiih^//cj in their hands,

even gift) to the king of heaven. Toi. xiii, 1 1 .

5. A bribe.

Thou (halt not wreft judgment, thou (halt not
refpea perfons, neither take a gift ; for a gift dolh
blind the eyes of the wife. Deut. ivi. 19.

6. Power; faculty.
And if the boy have not a woman's gift.

To tain a fliower •f commanded tears.

An onion will do well for fuch a fliift. Sbake/feare.

She was lovely to altrad
Thy love, not thy fubjeflion, and hcrgifit
Were fuch as made for government well feem'd
Unleemly to bear rule. Milt,„

He who has ihe gift of ridicule, finds fault with
any thmg that gives him an opportunity of ejertine
his talest. jjj:r

I'rTED. adj. [from^i//.]

1. Given ; bellowed.
Made of my enemies the fcom and gaie.

To grind in brazen fetters, under talk.

With my heav'n gifted rtrength. Mitt„n', Agfnijies

2. Endowed with extraordinary powers. It
is commonly ufed ironically.

Two of their gifted brotherhood, Hacket and
Copfinger, go« up into a peafe-ca,t, and haiangued
the people to dilpolethem to an infurreition. Z)rr./

1 here is no talent fo pernicious as eloquence, to
thofe who have it not under command: women,
who are fo liberally gfted by naturc-in this parti-
cular, ought to ftudy the rules of female oratory.

Addifon'i Freeholder.

Gio. n.f. [Etymology nncertain.J

1. Any thing that is whirled round in play.
Playthings, as tops, gig,, battledores, (ho'ld be

procured them. j^ ^

2. [%r:fl,inandick.] A fiddle. Nowou't
of ufe.

Giga'ntjcic, adj. [glgantt!, Latin.] Suit-
able to a giant j big; bulky; enormous,
hkcwife wicked ; atrocious.
Others from the wall defend
With dart and jav'lin, ftoncs, and fulphurout fire :
On each hand Daughter and £,^a«//V/ deeds. Milton.

I dread him not, tiorall his giant brood,
Though fame divulged him fatlier of fife fons,
Alloigiganiici fize, Coliah chief. Milton', Ag,n.

ITic fon of I lercules he juftly fcems.
By his broad (Iwulders and giganiici limbs. Dryd

1 he Cyclopean race in arms arofe ;
A lawlcfs nation of gigantirk foes. Pept'i Odyjfey.

n GIpGLE. ^. „. {gkhela,, Dutch.] To
augh idly; to titter ; to grin with merry
levity. It IS retained in Scotland.

We ihcwour prefcnt ^Mx^g^ggling race;
True joy confift, .n gravity and grace, harrick', Ep.

Gi cci.ER. «. /. [from giggU.] A laugher ;
a titterer; one idly and fooliffhly merry.

A fad wife valour is the brave complexion.
That leads the van, and fwallows up the cities :
Ihtgfggirr IS a milk-maid, whom i^.leflion,
Ur tiie hr'd beacon, fiishlcih from his ditties.

Gi CLET. »./. [jeajl, Saxon; geyl. Dutch ;
gtl/e/, Scottilh, is rtiil retained.] A wan-
ton j a laftivious girl. Nowoutofufc.

Ga I.

Toung Talbot was not born
To be the pillage of a giglet wench. Siahfp.

Ihefam'd CafTibelaii was once atpoinf,

Oh giglet fortune ! to raafter Catfar's fword. Sbak.

Aw'ay wiih thofe f(j/>/j- too, and with the other

^ /"A^??^'"" "■"?»"»"• ■y^"*/?- Meafuref^r Meaf.

GI'GOr. „.f. [French.] The hip joint.

It leems to mean in Chapman a joit« for

the {pit.

The inwards flit.
They broil 'd on coale?, andeate; the reft, in gJgot,

Sr« GILD^. a. pret. gildid, or gilt, [iilban,

Saxon.]
1 .To wafh over with gold ; to cover with

foliated gold.

The room was large and wide.
As it fome gilt or folemn temple wen::
Many great golden pillars did uprear
The maffy roof. gpenfer.

1 o gild refined gold, to paint the lilly.
To throw a perfume on the violet. Shakefpeare.

Anilht gilded at oiiij
His glowing a.xle doth allay
In the fteep Atlantick dream. Milton,

Jfu °"n ^''"''°'" '" ^ S'^'^^'' fn»":. Rofcommen,
When Britain, looking with a juftdifdain
Upon lh\s gilded majcfty of Spain,
And kncwini; well that empire muft decline,
Whofe chief fupport and finews are of coin, ffaller.

Her joy in gilded chariots when alive ;
And love of ombre after death furvive. Pope.

2. To colour with any yellow matter.

Thou did'ft drink
The ftalc of horfcs and the gilded puddle.
Which beads would cough at, Siai. Ant . and Cleoj/^

3. To adorn with lullre.

No more the riling fun Ihall gildlhc morn.
Nor ev'niug Cynthia rill her lilvcr horn. Pofe's Mef,

4. To brighten; to illuminate.

The lightfonie paffion of jov was not that trivial,
vanilhing, luperficial thing, that on\y gild t the ap.

prchenlion, and plays upon the furface of the foul.

5. To recommend by adventitious orna.
ments.

For my part, i f a lie may do thee grace,
VWglld it with the happieft terms 1 have. Shakefp.
.T '/y''J '*'' '"'P*'''*'^^ P'«= mniti more delight c
1 xsgildedo'tt with youth, to catch the fight. Dr^d,
Gi'lder. n. f. \iiom gild.']
I . One who lays gold on the furface of an*'
other body.

Gilders ufe to have a piece of gold in their mouth,

Jo draw the fplrits cf the quitkfilver. Baeon^

We have here a gilder with his anvil and ham-

"""■• . Broome.

2. A coin, from one Ihilling and fix pence,
to two (hillings. Phil,

I am bound
To Perfia, and want gilders for my voyage. Shakfp.

Gilding. «./. [from^/Zr.] Gold lain o»
any furface by way of ornament.

Silvering will fully and canker more tbm gilding,
which, if It might hecorrefted with a httle mixtura
ofgold, there 18 profit. Baron.

1 lie church of the Annunciation, all but one cor-
ner of it, is covered with ttatues, gilding^, and painu
Addftitt on Italy.
Could laureate Prydcn Pimp and Fry'r engage.
And I not drip the gilding off a knave,
Unplac'd unpenCouM, no man's heir or Have f

Pope,
GiLr. 71. f. {agulla, Spanifh; gula, Latin.]
I. The apertures at each fideof a fifli'shead.

The leviathan,
Stretch'd like a promontory, fiecpsor fwims.
And lecmia moving land, and at his ^///r
Drawj in, and at his trunk fpouH out a fea. Milion.
I'llhes perform refpiralion under water by lYttgill,,

''•^hathtwoW.y-fins; not behind Uie W/A, as''«
mod fidies, but before tliem. IKillon

J <^ 'T.li

G I M

•Till they of firther paffage quJie bereft,
Were in the me(h with gills enungl'd left. Kim.

a. The flaps that han^; below the beak of a

fowl.

The turkeycock hath sreat and fwtllingj///', and
the hen hath let. B^con'i Natural Hiftory.

3. The flelh under the chin.

In many there is r.o palcnefs at all; but, contrari-
wife, rednefs about the cheeks and gUls, which is by
the fending forth of fpirits in an appetite to revenge.
Bacon's Natural HiJIory.

Like the long bag of flelh hanging down from the
lUlt of the people in Piedmont. Stvlft .

4. [Gilla, barbarous Latin.] A meafurc of
liquids, containing the tourth part of a

pint.

Every bottle muft be rinced with wine : fome, out
of milUken thrift, will rince a dozen with the fame :
change the wine at every fecond bottle: z gilt imy
be enough. . •St^'y-

5. A kind of meafure among the tinners.

They meafure their block-tin by the gili, which
containeth a pint. Carnv.

6. In the northern counties it is half a pint
of liquid meafure.

7. [From gilliau, the old Englilh way of
writing Julian, or Juliana.^ I'he appella-
tion ot a woman in ludicrous language.

I can, for 1 will.
Here a« Burley o' th' Hill,
Give you all your fill,
Each Jack with his Gill. Ben JonfinU Gyffiri.

8. \Chelidonium.'\ The name of a plant;
ground-ivy.

9. Malt liquor medicated with ground-ivy.
Gi'llhol'se. n. f. [gi/l and bou/e.] A

houfe where a gill is fold.
Thee (hall each alehoufe, thee each gillbouft
mourn.
And anfw'ring ginfliops fourer fighs return. Pepe.

Gi'llyflower. n. f. [Either corrupted
from Julyflmxxr, or iromginjlee, French.]

Ciltyjlowrsot rather Julyfourri, fo called from
the month they blow in, may be reduced to thele
forts ; red and white, purple and white, fc.irlct and
white. Mortimer's Hujhandry .

In July comt giltyjlevitrs of all varieties. B^ico/i.

Fair is the giUyfloiit'r of gardens fvveet,
Fairisthemarygold, for pottaj,e meet. Gay's ?ajl.

Gilt. ». /. [from gild.'\ Golden (how;

fold laid on the furface of any matter.
I'ow obfolete.

Ourgaynefs and our gilt are all bcfmirch'd.
With ramy marching in ihe painful tield. Sbakrfp,

When thou wall in thy gilt, and thy perfume,
they mockt ihee for too much curiofuy : in thy
rags thou koow'll none, but art defpifed for the
contrary. Sbaktfp. Timon of Athens,

Gilt. The participle of Gild, which fee.

Where the g;V/ chariot never mark 'd its way. Pope.

Gi'lthead. «./. [^»7/ and^f<z</.]

1. A feafifti. Dia.

2, A bird.

He blended together the livers o( glliheatis, the
brains of phcafants and peacocks, tongues of pheni-
copters. and the melts of lampres. Hakeviill.

Gilt-tail. n. f. [^»7/ and /rt//.] A worm

fo called from his yellow tail.
Gim. «^'. [An old word.] Neat; fpruce ;

well (Irefled.
Gi'mcrack. »./, [Suppofed by Slimier to

be ludicroufly formed from gin, derived

from engine.] A flight or trivial mecha-

nifm.

For though thcfe ^imcracks were away,
However, more reduc'd and plain.
The watch would lliU a watch rcnuiin ;
But if the horal orbit ceafes,
The whole (lands (till, or breaks to pieces. Piior.

What's the meaning «f all tiKl'e uanfr.tint and

G I N

gimcrttks t Tunping over my mafter'j hedp!, and
ranning your lines ciols his grounds ? jfrbMthtt^t .
Gi'mlet. n.f. [gihelet, guimleleff'Ftench.]
A borer with a fcrew at its point.

The gimlet hath a worm at the end of its bit.

M:,XOll.

Gi'mmal. ». /. [Suppofed by 5'towr and
Ainfiuorth to be derived from gimellus,
Latin, and to be ufcd only of fomething
coVififting of correfpondcnt parts, or dou-
ble. It feems rather to be gradually cor-
rupted from geometry or geoiniflrical. Any
thing done by occult means is vulgarly faid
to be done by geometry.] Some little
quaint devices or pieces of machinery.

Hanmcr.
1 think by fome odd gimirah or device
Their arms are let like clocks. Hill to ftrikf on,
Elfe they could not hold out fo as they do. Sbukejp.

Gi'mmer. «. /. [iec Gimmal.] Move-
ment ; machinery.

The holding together of I'lie parts of matter has
fo confounded me, that 1 have been prone to conclude
with mylclt, that the gimmtrs of tlie world hold
together not fo much by geometry as fome natural
nijgick. Moore' s Di-vine Dialogues.

Gimp, n, /• [See G 1 m. Gimp, in old Eng-
lilh, is neat, fpruce.] A kind of (ilk
tvvift or lace.

G I N . « . /. [from engine, ]

1 . A trap ; a fnare.

As the day begins.
With twenty gins we » ill the fmall birds take.
And paftime make. Sidney.

Which two, through trcafon and deceitful gi".
Hath (lain (ir Mordant. Apenfer,

So ftrives the woodcock with the gin\
So doth the coney (Iruggle in the net. Shakefp.

Be it by gins, by fnares, by (ubtiliy. Sbaktjp.

If tliofe, who liavc butlenfe, can(hun
The engines that have them annoy 'd ?

Little tor me had real'on done.
If I could not thy gins avoid. Ben yon/bn's Forejl,

1 know thy trains.
Thou dearly to my coil, thy gins and toils ;
No more oil me have pow'r, their foiceis nuU'd.

Milton.

He made a planetary g/».
Which rats would run their own heads in.
And come on purpofc to be taken.
Without th' expcnce ofchccl'e and bacon. Hudibras.

Keep from Haying fcouige thy (kin.
And ancle ftee from iron gin. IJudiliras.

2. Any thing moved with fcrews, as an
engine of torture,

Typh;eus' joints were ftretched on a gin. Spencer.

3. A pump worked by rotatory fails.

The dells would be fo flown witli waters, it being
iropolVible to mak« any adits or loughs to drain them,
tliat no gins or machines would fufhce to lay and
keep ihcm diy. R.iy.

A bituminous plate, alternately yellow and black,
formed by water drivelling on the outfide of the gin,
pump of Moftyn coalpits. If'ooit'u-arJ on b'ujjils.

4. [Contrafted from Geneva, which fee.]
'\ he fpirit drawn by diilillation from ju-
niper berries.

This calls the church to deprecate our fin.
And hurls the thunJurofourlaws on gin. Pope.

And anfw'nug^iXhops fourer fighs return. Pf.pe.
Gl'NGER. », /, l^xJamiSerf hitia ; ghigero,
Italian.]

The flower confifts of five leaves, (baped fome-
what like thofe of the Iris ; thele are produced in ihe
head or club, each coming out of a fcparate leafy
[calc. The ovary becomes a triangular truit, having
ihice cells which contain feeds. Miller.

ThtTootoi ginger isofthe tuberous kind, knotty,
crooked, and irregular; of a hot, acrid, and pungent
lalle, though aiomaiick, and of a very agreeable
fmell. The Indians eat both the youiij (lioois ol
the leaves and the tgots Uiemfclvei. Hill.

G I P

Or wafting ghger round the (Ireett to go,
And vifit alehoufe where ye firtt did grow. Pope.
Gi'ncerbREaD. //. /. [ginger -.Miili bread. '\
A kind of farinBceous fwectmeat made
of dough, like that of bread or bifcuit,
fwcatcned with treacle, and flavoured with
ginger and fome other aroraatick feeds.
It is fometimes gilt.

An' 1 had but one penny in the world, thou
(Uoiild'H have it to buy gingerirraJ. Sbakrfpeare .

Her currants there and goofebcriies were Ipread,

With the inticinggoldof^idjerirMi/. King'tCook.

'Tis a lofs you are not here, to partake of three

weeks (rolf, and a' gingerltread iti* booth by a fire

upon the Thames SvjiJ't.

Gi'ngerly. adv. [I know not whence de-
rived.] Cautioufly ; nicely.

What is't that you
Took up fo gingerly ? Shakefpeare.

Gi'KG^RNEts. »./. Nicenefs; tendcrnefs.

Dia.
Gi'.NClVAi. adj. [gingiva Latin.] Be-
longing to the gums.

Whillt the Italians llrive to cut a thread in their
pronunciation between D and T, fo to (weeten it,
they make the occlufe appulfe, efpecially the gin.
giial, fofler than we do, giving a little of peni-
oufnefs. Holder's Elements of Speech,

To Gi'ngle. 1>. ».

1. To utter a (harp clattering noife ; to
utter a (harp noife in quick fucceffion.

The foot grows black that was with dirtembrown'd.
And in thy pocket gingling halfpence fjund. Cay.

Once, we confels, beneath the patriot's cloak.
From the crack'd bag the dropping guinea fpoke.
And gingling down the backllairs, told the crew.
Old Cato is as great a rogue as )0U. Pope's Epijiles.

2. To make an affeded found in periods or
cadence.

To Gi'.NGLE. 'v.a. To (hake, fo that »
iliarp Ihrlll clattering noife fliould beraade.

Her infant grandame's whittle next it grew;
The bells (he gingled, and the whilflc blew. Pope,

Gi'.NGLE. n.J. [from the verb.]

1. A fhrill rcfbunding noife.

2. Affcftation in the found of periods.
Gi'nglvmoid. adj. ['/'.yAi///.^, a hinge,

and «i<r^.] Refembli.Mg a ginglyinus ;
approaching to a ginglyinus.

I he Malleus lies along, bxed to the tympanum,
and on the other end is joined to the incus by a dou-
ble ox ginglymoid joint. llaldtr.

Gi'nclymus. n. /. A iputual indenting
of two bones into each other's cavity, in
the manner of a hinge, of which the el-
bow is an inftance. Wijeman.

Gi'nnet. », /. [vi>»®".] A nag; a mule;
a degener.ited breed. Hence, accord-
ing to fome, but, I believe, erroneoufly,
a Spanilh gcnuet, improperly written for
ginnet.

Gi'nshng, n.f, [1 fuppofc C/'/Vff/f.] A
root brought lately into Europe, of a
brownifh colour on the outfide, and fome-
what yellowifh within ; and fo pure and
fine, that it feems aliuoft tranfparent. It ,
is of a very agreeable and aromatick fmell,
though not very (Irong. Its tafte is acrid
and aromatick, and has fomewhat bitter
in it. We have it from China and Ame-
rica. Ihe Chinefc value this root at
tliree times its weight in filver. /////.

To Gir. -v, a. To take out the guts of
herrings. Bailtj,

GI'i'SY. n.f. [Corrupted from Ej'^y////?//;
for when they firft appeared in Europe,
they declared, and perhaps, truly, that

they

pret. girded, or girt.

G I R

ttiey were driven from Eg)'pt by the Turks.
1 hey are now mingled with all nations.]
J. A vagabond who pretends to foretell fu-
turity, commonly by palmeftry or phy-
fiognomy.

Tiie builer, thov*.. he is furs to bfe a knife a
folk, or a i\ oan every time his fortune is toU him,
(Iiuis himfcii up in the pautry with an old gipp for
above halfan hour. AaJiJln.

A franiick g''/>/v now, the houfe he haunts.
And in wild phtaiis fpeaks dillcmWed wants. Prhr.

In this ftill labyrinth around her lie
Spelli, philters, globes, and fpheres of palmellry ;
A Ugil in his hand the gifjj^ bears.
In ih' other a prophetick lieve and (hears. Garth.

I, near yon liile, three fallow giffitt met ;
Upon my hand thty cart a poring look.
Bid me beware, and thrice their heads they (hook.

Gay,

2, A reproachful name for a dark com-
plexion.

Laura, to her lady, wis but a kitchen-wench;
Dido a dowdy i Cleopatra a giffy ; Helen and Hero
hildings and harlots. Shutrf. Romeo and Juliet.

3. A name of flight reproach to a woman.

The widow play'd the g:ffy, and fo did her con-
fidant too, in pretending to believe her. L'EJlraitgr,

A llave I am to Clara's eyes :
The gifjy knows her power, and flies. Prhr.

Gi'rasole. n. f. [^/r<j^o/, French.]

1, The herb turnfol.

2. The opal (lone.
To GIRD. V. a.

[jypban, Saxon.]

1. To bind round.

They fprinkled earth upon their heads, and girded
their loins with fackcloth. 2 Mac, x. 3.

2. To put on fo as to furround or bind.

Cords of the bigoefs of packthread were fattened
to bandages, which the workmen had girt round my
neck. , _ Sviift.

3. To fallen by binding.

He girt his warlike harnefs about him.

1 Mac. iii.25.

My bow and thunder, my almighty arms
Cirdon, and fword upon tliy puiltint thigh. Milton.

No, let us rife at once, gird on our fwords,
And, at at the head of our remaining troops,
Attack the foe. AdJijm'i Cato.

The combatant too late the field declines,
When now tlie fword is girded to his leins. Pr!»r,

4. To jnveft.

Stoop then, and fet your knee againft my foot ;
And in reguerdon of that dut^ done,
I gird thee with the valiant Iword of York. Sbaieff.
The fon appear'd,

Girt with omnipotence. Milton* t Patadife Loft.

5. To drefs ; to habit ; to clothe.

I girded tbee about with fine linen, and I covered
thee with (ilk. Extk, xvi. 10.

Tyfiphone there keeps the ward,
Cirt in her fanguine gown, by night and day,
Obfervant of the fouls that pafs the downward way.

Dryden.

6. To cover round as a garment.

Thefe, with what (kill they had, together fow'd.
To gird their wailt : vain co\ering, if to hide
Tlieir guilt, and dreaded Ihame ! Milton's Par. Loft.

7. To furnifh ; to etjuip.

So to the coad of Jordan he dire^s
His eafy (leps, girded with fnaky wilet. Milfn.

2. To inclofe ; to incircle.

That Nyfcian ifie,
Cirt with the river Triion, where old Cham
Hid Amalthea, and her Horid fon
Young Bacchus, from his (Irpdame RLea'seye.

Mi/ton.

9. To reproach ; to gibe.

Being mov'd, he will not fpart Xoglrd the god.

Shake/iJ.

?» Gird. t. n. fOf thi« word in this fenfe
1 know not the original ; it may be
formed by a very cuAomary tranfpoliiion

G 1 R

from glide or cut. To break a fcornful
jeft ; to gibe ; to fneer.

'("his wondred error growth
At which our Clilicks gird. Drayton.

Men of all forts take a pride togiid at mc :

the brain of this foolilh compounded clay, man, is

not able to invent any thing that tends to laughter

more than 1 invent, or is invented on me : 1 am

not only witty in myfelf, but tlie caufe that wit is in

other men. Shake//). Henry XW.

Gird. «./. [from the verb.] A twitch ;

a pang: it may come from the fenfution

caufed by a bandage or girdle dr.nwn hard

fuddcnly. This word is now feldom ufcd,

unlefs the former etymology be admitted.

Sweet king ! the bilhop h.ith a kindly gird :
For (hame, my lord of Winchefter, relent. Sbaliefp.

Confeience by this means is freed from many
fearful girdi and twinges which the .■\thei(l feels.

Tilloljon.

He has the glory of his confeience, when he
doth well, to let againft the checks and girds of it
when he doth amifs. Goodman.

Gi'rder.w./. \{tom gird.'] Inarchitefture,
the largcfl piece of timber in a floor. Its
end is ufuzdly faftened into the fummers,
or bread fummers, and the joills are
framed in at onearm to the girders. Harris.

The girders are alfo to be of the fame fcanlling

the fummers and ground-plates are of, though the

back girder need not be fo llrong as the front girder.

Moxon's Alech, Jixerc.

Thefe mighty girder! which the fabrick bind,
Thefe ribs robull and valt in ordcrjoin*d. Blackmore.

GI'RDLE. «. /. [jypbe, Saxon.]

1. Any thing drawn round the waift, and
tied or buckled.

There will I make thee beds of rofesi
With a thoufand fragrant pofies ;
A cap of Howers, and a girdle^
Embroider'd all with leaves of myrtle. Sbakefp.

Many conceive there is fomewhar amillt, until
ihey puton \\it\x girdle. Brown's Fulgar Eriouis.

On him his mantle, girdle, fword and bow,
On him hit heart and loul he did bellow. Cowley.

2. Enclofure ; circumference.

Suppofe within the girdle of thefe walls
Are now contin'd two mighty monarchies. Shakcff.

3. The zodiack.

Great brecies in great circles, fuch as a« under
the girdle o{ the world, do refrigerate. Bacon.

ToGi'rdle. 11, fl. [from the noun.]

1. To gird ; to bind as with a girdle.

J.ay the gentle babes, girdling one another
Within their innocent alaballer arms. Shairfp.

2. To inclofe ; to fliut in ; to environ.
Thofe lleeplng (tones,

That as a waift do girdle you about. Shakefp.

Let me look bacic upon thee, O thou wall,
That girjlrft in ihofe wolves ! Hhakefp, Timon.

Gi'rdlebelt. n./. [girdle and beli.~\ The
belt that incircles the waift.

Nor did his eyes lei's longingly behold
The girdleielt, witli nails ol burnilh'd gold. Dryd.

Gi'rdler. n.f, [from ^/Wi<f.] A maker
of girdles.

GiRE. n.f. [gyrus, Latin.] A circle de-
fcribedby any thing in motion. SeeGv r e

GIRL. ft./. [About the etymolog}- of this
word there is much queftion : Meric Ca-
janbon, as is his cuftom, derives it from
jfi^n of the fame ligniiication ; Min/henjj
I'lom garrii/a, Latin, a prattler, oxgirella,
Italian, a weathercock; Junius thinks that
it comes from herlodes, Wclfli, from
which, fays he, harlot is very eafily de-
duced. Skiitncr imagines that the Saxons,
who uffd ciopl for a man, miglit like-
wife have ceojila for a woman, though
1 BO fuch word is now found, Dr. Hicltei

t

G I V

derives it moft probably from the Iflaiidick
karliniia, a woman.] A young woman,
or female child.
In thofe iinflcdg'd days was my wi.fc a ^rl. Shak.
1 will love thee ne'er the le(s, my^/>/. Shak.

The foole Amphimaclius, to field brought gold t»
be his wrack e,
Proude girle like, that dolh ever beare her dowre Upo«
her bdcke. Chapman.

A weather-beaten lover, but once known,
Is I'port tor every girl to praflife on. Donne.

'l'r.igedy ihould blufli as much to Itoop
To the low mimick follies of a farce,
As a grave matron would to dance with girls.

Rofcrmmon.
A boy, like thee, would make a kingly line ;
But oh ! a girl, like her, inuft be divine ! Dryden.
Gi'ri ISH. adj. [iiom girLI Suiting agirl;
youthful*
In her girlijb age (lie kept (heep on the moor.

Carev.:

Gi'rlishly. ad'v.[itomgirhfh.'\ In a girl-

ifli manner.
To GiRN. "J. ft. It feems to be a corruption

oi grill. It is iUn ufed in Scotland, and

is applied to a crabbed, captious, orpce-

vifli perfon.
Gi'rrock. n.f.[acits major.] A kind of

fifli. Dia.

Girt. part. pajf. [from To gird.]
To Girt. -v. a. [from gird.] To gird ; to

encompafs ; to encircle. Not proper.

In the dread ocean, undulating wide
Beneath the radiant line that girts the globe. Thorn/.

Girt. n.f. [from the verb.]

1. A band by which the faddle or burthen
is fixed upon the horfe.

Heie lies old Hobfon, death hath broke hit jpV/ ;
And here, alas ! hath laid him in the dirt. Milton,

2. A circular bandage.

The moft common way of bandage is by that of
the girt, which girt hath a bolfter in the middle,
and the ends arc tacked firmly together, f^'i/eman.

Girth. »./. [from gird.]

1. A band by which the faddle is fixed
upon the horfe.

Or the faddle turn'd round, or the girtis brake ;
For low on the ground, woe for his fake.
The law is found. Ben Jnnfon's Underwoods*

Nor Pegafiis could bear the load,
Along the high celeftial road ;
T he Heed opprefs'd, would break his girth.
To raife the lumber from the earth. Svr/i.

Mordanto gallops on alone ;
The roads are with his foll'wers ftrown;
This breaks a girth, and that a bone. Sts.<ift.

2. The compafs meafured by the girdle,
or cnclofing bandage.

He's a lufty jolly fellow that lives well, at leaft
three yards in the girth. Addifon's Freeholder,

To Girth. I'.a. To bind with a girth.
To Gm Crotind, nj. a. Is when the owner
of it does not feed it with his own
Hock, but takes in other cattle to graze.

Bgilej,
Gi'sLE. Among the Englifh Saxons, fig-
nifiesa pledge : thus, Fredgijle is a pledge
of peace ; Gijlebert an illuftrious pledge,
like the Greek Homervs. Gib/. Camden.
GiTH. n./. [r/igilla.] An herb called Gui-
nea pepper.
To GIVE. <f. a. preter. gave; part. paff.

giivn. [gipen, Saxon.]
I. To bellow ; to confer without any price
or reward ; not to fell.

I had a mailer thM gave me all I could afk, but

thought lit to take one thing from me again. Temple.

Conftant at church and change ; l>i( g^ins were

Cure.

His giving! raie, five farthingi W the poor. Pope.

i Qjt Wfcle

GIT

While traJefmcn ftarw thcfc ITiilomelj »rt j«»;
Tor gco'rout lotJt bad tnhngivt thuii pay. i'mng.

Hallulclcfs doom'd lo live,
Pr»y'i» and aJvice aie all I have to givt, Harit.

t, 'I'o tranfmit from himfelf to another by
hand, fpeech, or writing ; to deliver.

The woman whom thou gavcft to te with me,
flie govt me of the tree, and I did eat. Gel. iii. 12.

1 hey were eating and drinking, marrying and
givi'rg In marriage. Ma:l, xxiv. 3S.

Tliofe bills are printed not only every week, but
alfo a general account of the whole year was given
in upon the Thurfday before Chriftraas. Graunl,

We (hall give an account of thefe phenomena.

Burnet.

Ariftotle advifes notpoets to put things evidently
falfe ai)d impolSble into their poems, aot gives them
licence to run out into wildnefs. Bmoine.

3. To put into one's poflefllon; to confign;
to impart; to communicate.

Give us of your oil, ior our lamps are gone out.

Mall. XIV.

Nature gii'ts us many children and friends, 10
take thcot away ; but t^es none away to give them
WS again. Temple.

Give me, fays Archimedes, where to (land firm,
- (nd 1 will remove the ear^. Trnifle.

If the agreement of men firft gave a fceptte into
any one*s hands, or put a crown ou his head, that
almoll muft i\xz& its conveyance. Locke.

4. To pay as a price or reward, or in ex-
change.

All that a man hath will he f(w forhls life.

>A, i!. 4-
If you di«l know to whom I gaiue the ring,
If yo& did know for whom 1 gave the ring.
And would conceive for what 1 gavt- the ring.
And how unwillingly 1 left the ring.
You would abate the lirength of your difpleafure.

Shake/feare.

He would give his nuts for a piece of metal, and

exchange his Iheep for (hells, or wool for a fparkling

pebble. Li^cke.

J. 'I'o yield; not tq withhold.

Philip, Alexander's father, gave fentence agalnft a
prifoner at a time he was drowfj, and fecmed to
give fmall attention. The prifoner, after fentence
Wat pronounced, faid, I appeal : the king, fomcwhat
ftirred, faid. To whom do you appeal.^ The pri-
foner anfwered, from Philip, when he gave no ear,
lo Philip, when he (hall give ear, Bacon' t Apopbt.
Conliantia accufed herfelf for having fo tamely
given an ear to the propofal. AdJiJm'i SpeUator.

6. To quit; to yield as due.

Give place, thou ftranger, to an honourable man.

Eic/e/.

7. To confer; to impart.

I will blefs her, and gije thee a fon alfo of her.

Gen. xvii.

Nothing can g/v» that to another which it hath
«oi itfelf. Bramb. againji HMes.

What beauties 1 lolie in fome places, I give to
ot])er$ which had them not orijcinally. Orydea.

8. To expofe; to yield without retention.

All clad in (kits of liealls ihe jav'lin hear;
Give to the wafiton wtndi their Jlowing hair. Dryti,

5» To grant ; to allow.

'Tis given me once again to behoW any friend.

Rxi^ite.

He has not givtn Luther fairer play. Atterbmy.
JO. To yield ; not to deny.

I gave his wife propofal way ;
Nay, urgM him to goon: the Oiallow friud
Will rum him. Rome't Ambiiiout Stefmotber.

n.. To afford; to fupply.

This opinion abated the ftar of death in them

which were U refoWcd, and garvi tliem courage to

all advonturci. Hooka.

Give, us alfo facrifices and bumt-offeringt, that

we may facrifice unto the Lord. £«. x. 25.

>2. To empower; to coinmiffion.
Prepare
The due libation and the folemn pray'r;
Then give thy friend lo fbtd the faaed wine. P»fe.

1 3. To enable.

G I V

Cod himfelf reqsireth the lifting up of pure hands
in prayers ; and hath given the world to underiland,
that the wicked, although they cry, (hall not be
heard. Hooker.

Give mc 10 know
How this fuul rout began, who fet it on. Stake/p.

So fome weak thoot, which elfc would poorly rile,
Jove'i tree adopts, and li^ts into the fkics;
Through the new pupil folVring juices flow,
Thrull forth the gems, and give the iiow'rs to blow.

Ticket.

14. To pay.

The applaufe and approbation I give to both your
fpeechcs. Sbakefp.Troilus and Crejjida.

15. To Utter; to vent ; to pronounce.

So you muft be the firft that gives this fentence.
And he that fuffers. Sbakejp. Meajurefor Mea/nre.

The Rhodians feeing their enemies turn their
backs, gave a great (hout in deri6on of them. Knolles.

Let the firft honel^ difcoverer give the word about,
that Wood's halfpence have been ottered, and caution
the poor people not to receive them. Situft.

16. To exhibit ; to fhew.

This inltance gives the impoflibility of an eternal
exiftence in any thing elTentially alterable or cor-
ruptible. Hale.

17. To exhibit as the produft of a calcula-
tion.

The number of men being divided by the number
of (hips, gives four hundred and twenty-four men
a-piece. Arbutbnoi.

18. To do any aft of which the confe-
quence reaches others.

As we defire to give aaoSenQe ourfelves, fo neither
(hall we take any at the diflference of judgment in
others. Bur::et.

19. To exhibit; to fend forth as odours
from any body.

In oranges the ripping of the rind givetb out their
fmcU more. Bacon,

20. To addift; to apply.

The Helots, of the other fide, (hutting their gates,
gave themfelves to bury their dead, to cure their
wounds, and rclt their wearied bodies. Sidney.

After man began to grow to number, the (irit
thing we read they gave themfelves into, was the
tilling of the earth and the feeding of cattle. Hooker.

Groves and hill-altars were dangerous, in regard
of the fecret accefs which people, fuperltitioudy p/x-fw,
might have always thereunto with eafe. Hooker.

The duke is virtuous, mild, and too well given.
To dream on evil, or to work my downfall. Sbakc/p,

Fear him not, Caefar, he's not dangerous :
He is a noble Roman, and well given. Shakefp.

His name is Falftalf: if that man (houldbe lewdly
given, he deceives me; for, Harry, 1 fee virtue in
his looks. Sbakefp.

Huniades, the fcourge of the Turks, was dead long
before ; fo was alfo Mathias : after whom fuceeded
others, giV<« all to pleafurc and cafe. Knolles' s Hiji.

Though he was given to pleafure, yet he was
likewifedciirous of glory. Bacon's Henry VII.

He that giverb his mind tp the law of the moft
High, will feek out the wifdom of all the ancients.

Ecciff. xxxix. I.

He Is mMz\i given to contemplation, and the view-
ing of this theatre of the world. More againft Aih.

They who gave themfelves to warlike a^ion and
enterptifes, went immediately to the palace of Odin.

Temple.

Men are given to this licentious humour of fcofiing
at perfonal bicmilhcs and defedls. l.'EJIralige.

Belides, he is too much given to hcrfeplay in his
raillery ; and comes to battle, like a dilator from
the plough. Dryden.

1 have Tome bulioeft of importance with her;
but her hufband is fo horribly given to be jealous.

Dryden' s Spanijh Fryar.

What can I tcfufe to a roan fo charitably given f

Dryden.

21. To refign ; to yield up.

Finding ourfelves in the midft of the greateft wil-

> dcrnefs of waters, without viAual, we gave ourfelves

for loft men, and prepared fur death. Bacon.

Who fay, I care not, thofe I give for loft;
And to ixiftru£l then) will not ^uit the C9&..Jiericrt,

G I V

Vmueg'v'n for lo(f,
Depreft and overthrown, as feem'd |
Like that fell-begoit'n bird
From out her a(hy womb now teem'd. Milion't Agt^

Since no deep within her gulph can hold
Immortal vigour, though oppreii'd and fall'n,
I give not Heaven for loft. Milror't Paradife Loft.

For a man t» give his name to Chriftianity in
tbofe days, was to lift himfcU a martyr. Souib.

Oun gives himfelf for gone ; you've watch 'd your
time.
He fights this day unarm 'd, without his rhyme.

Dryden.

The patents, after a long fearch for the body, gave
him lor drowned in one of the canals. Addijun.

A] the hinder feet of the horfe ftuck to the
mountain, while the body reared up in the air, the
poet with great difficulty kept himfelf from Hiding
oft" his back, in fo much that the people gave him
for gone. Addifen's Guardian,

12, To conclude ; to fuppofe.

Whence came you here, O frieod, and whither
bound ?
All gave you loft on far Cyclopean ground. Garib.

23. To Give a-waj, 'I o alienate from
one's felf ; to make over to another; to
transfer.

The more he got, the more he (hewed that he
gave aivay to his new milb'cfs, when he betrayed
his promiics to the (ormer. Sidney,

If you fhall marry.
You give avay this hand, and that is ifiine ;
You give away heav'n's vows, and tholie are mine ;
You give away myfcll, » hich is known mine. Sijak^

Honeli company, 1 thank you all.
That have beheld me give aM:ay myfelf
To this moft patient, fweet, and virtuous wife. Shak,

I know not how they fold themfelves j but thou,
like a kind fellow, jJt|/? thyfclfatijy gratis, and
1 thank ihec for thee. Shakefp. Henry IV.

Love gives aiuay all things, that lo he may ad-
vance the interelt of the beloved perfon. Taylor.

But we who give our native rights av/ay.
And our enflav'd pofterity betray.
Arc now reduc'd to began alms, and go.
On holidays to fee a pupjet-lhow. Dryd. Jmi.

Alas, faid 1, man was made in vain! How is he
given avuay to niifery and mortality ! Addifon,

Theodoiius made a private vow never to inquire
after Conftantia, whom he looked upon as given
avj-.y to his rival, upon the day on which their
marriage was to have been folcmuized. Addifon,

Whatfocver we employ in charitable ufcs, during
our lives, is given avjay i\Qvs\ ourfelves; what w«
bequeath at our death, is given from others oaly,
as our neareft relations. Ailerbitry.

24. To Give had. To return; to reftore.

Their vices perhaps give t>ack all thofe advan«
tages which their viflories procured. Allerbmy^

25. To Giv t. forth. To publifh ; to tell.

Soon after it was given forth, and believed by
many, that the king was dead. Hayv/ard,

26. To Give the hand. To yield pre-emi-
nence, as being fubordinate or inferior.

Lcdbns being free fiom fome intonvenitnccs,
whcrcunto fcrnions arc more fubjc<5l, they may in
this refptft no Icfs take than in others they muft girt
the hand, which betokeneth pre-eminence. Hooker^

27. To Gwt. i^er. To leave; to quit; to
ceafe.

Let novelty therefore in this give over endlefi
contradiwlions, and let ancient cuftoms prevail.

Hooker.
It may be done rather than that be given over.

Hooker.

Never jf/« her o'er%

For fcorn at firft makes after love the more. Shakefp.

If Dcfdemona will return me my jewels, 1 will

give over my fuit, and repent my unlawful folicita-

tions. Shakefp. Othello,

All the foldiers, from the higheft to the loweft,

had folemnly fworn to defend the city, and not to

give It aver unto the laft man. Xaollet's Hiftory.

Thofe troops which were levied, y\vn given over

the profcciition of the war. Clarcmdon,

But worft of all to give her over,
'Till Ihe'i at dcfperatt to recover. fludiiras.

A woma«

G I V

A woman had a hen that UiJ (very day an egg ;
fhe fancied that upon a larger allowance this hen might
lay twice a day ; but the hen grew fat, and gait qirite
ex'cr laying. , VEjlrange.

Many have ^/Wh ovf»- their purfults after fame,
either from the dilapjk.i ;iments they have met, or
from their expcritucetM the little pleafure which at-
tends it. AJdlfon'sSfeclator.

28. ToGivE over, Toaddift; to attach to.
Zelmanc, govern and direft nie j for I am whollv

g'fven over u:no thee. Sidney.

When the Babylonians had given themfelves over
to all manner of vice, it was time far the Lotd,who
had fet up that empiie, to pull it down. Grnp.

1 ufed one thing ill, or gave mjfelf fo much over
to it as to negle£l what I owed either to God or the
world. Temple,

29, To Give o^er. To conclude loft.

Since it is lawful 'to praflifc upon them that are
forfaken and given m/er, I will adventure to pre-
leribe to you. Suckling.

'Tis not amifs, e'er y' are giv'n o'er.
To try one defp'rate med'cine more ;
Ar ' where your cafe can be no worJ'c,
Thedefp'ratctl is the wifeft courfe, I1udihraf\.

'riie abbefs, finding that the phyficians had given
her mer, told her that Theodolius was juit gone
before her, and had fent her his benediction. Addif.
Her condition was now ^uite dcfperate, all regular
phyficians, and her neareft relations, having given
ker over. Arbuibnot.

Yet this falfe eomfoit nmrgivei him e'er,
That, whilft he creeps, his vig'rous thoughts can foar.

■ Pofie.
Not one fortelis I Ihall recover ;
But all agree to give rae over. Sv/ift.

30. To Give o'ver. To abandon.

The duty of uniformity throughout all churches,
in all manner of isdi^tent ceremonies, will be very
bard, and therefore beft logive it o'er. H^Aer.

Abdemelech, as one weary of the world, ^ot/tr^r/rr
all, and beioolc himfelftoafolitary life, and became a
monk. * Knolla.

Sleep hath fbrfook, and giv'n me o'er
To death's benumbing opium, as my only cure.

Milton,
The caufe for which we fought and fwore
So bolaiy, Iball we vutvi give 0' er ? Hudibrajs.

21. To Give out. To proclaim ; to pub-
lifh ; to ntter.

The fathers give it oul for a rule, that wbalfo-
ever Chrift is faid in Scripture to have received, the
&me we ooght to apply only to the manhood of Chrift.

Hociter.

It is given our, that, deeping in my orchard,
A ferpent ttung me. So the whole ear of Denmark
Is by a fbn;ed procefs of my death,
Rankly abufed. Shjkefpeare' $ Hamlet.

One that jj/t/MOK/ himfelf prince Florizel.
Sonof Polixcncs, with hisprinceli. Sbakrfp.

« It hath been ^/fnr oar, by an hypocritical thitf,
who was the tirlt matter of my (hip, that I carried
with me out of England twenty-two thoufand pieces
of twe.Tty-two Ihillings per piece. RaUigb.

VKzgme o»/ general fummons for the aflemhly of
his council for the wars. Kncllei't HiJIr.ry,

The night was diftinguilhed by the ordeis winch
htgaveoultX) his army, that they Ibould forbear all
infuldug of their enem.. Addijun.

32. To Give out. To (how in falfe appear-
ance.

His givingt out were of an infinite diftance
From his irae meant defign. Shake fp.

She that, lb voune, could give out futh a feeminsi
To feal her father's eyes up tlofe as oak. Sbakrfp.

33. To Give uf. To refign ; to quit ; to
yield.

The peofle weary of the mifcrles of war, would
true iumup, if they faw him li.nnlt. Sidn,y

He has betray'd vour bulinel!, anj given up
Fcrwtain drops olC.lt, your city Rome. Shitk

The fun, breaking out with his cheeiful beams
revi»ed many, betore ready to g;v« up iheghort, foi
toW, and gave comfort to them all. Knollet't Hill

He t.,ind the Lord Hopion in trouble for the lofs
•i thetegnaentoffooiitt Alton, aod wKh ilje un-

6 I V

etpcfled aflura'nce of the g/wV^*^ of Arundel-caf.

"'; Clarendon.

Let as give ourfelves wholly up to Chrift in heart

and defire. Taylor's Rule of living holy.

Such an expeiftation will never come to pais j

therefore I'll e'eng/t/e it»/>and go and fret myfelf.

Collier againjl Defpair.

1 can give up to the hiftorians of your country

the names of lo many generals and heroes which

crowd their annals. Dryden.

He declares himfelf to be now fatisfied to the

contrary, in which he has giv:n uf the caufe.

Dryden.
The leagues made between feveral ftates difowning
all claim to the land in the other's poffelfion, have,
by common confent,^/Wa lep their pretences to their
natural right. Locke.

If they ^/Ve them up to their reafons, then they
with K\\tmgive up all earth and farther enquiry and
think there is no fuch thing as certainty. Locke.
We (hould fee Xwmgive up again to the wild com-
mon of nature, whatever was more than would fuoply
theconveniencies of^fe. I^cke.

Tuba's furrender, fince his father's death.
Would ^fVe Uf Africk into Ciefars hands.
And make him lord of half the burning zone. Addif.

Learn to be honeft mtn, give uf your leaders.
And pardon ftiall defcend on all the reft. Addifin.
A popiih prieft threatened to excommunicate a
NorlhumberUnd fquire, if he did not give up to him
the church lands. Addifin.

He faw the celeftial deities afting in a confede-
racy againft him, and immediately gave up a caufe
which was excluded from all poflibiliiy offuccefs.

Addifon's Freeholder.
An old gentleman, who had been engaged in an
argument with the emperor, upon his friend's telling
him he wondered he would ^;Ve up the ijueftion when
he had the better, I am never aftiamed, fays he, to
be confuted by one who is mafter of fifty legions.

Addif.
He may be brought lo give up the cleareft evidence.

Atterbury,

The conftant health and longevity of man muft be

given up alfo, as a groundlefs conceit. Bentley.

Have the phyficians ^/v'» up all their hopes ;
Cannot they add a lew days to a monarch ? Rov.'e.
Thefe people were obliged to demand peace, and
give up to the Romans all their poirelDons in Sicily.

Arbulhnot .
Every one who will not a(k for the condudt of
God in the ftudy of religion, has juft reafon to fear
he Ihall be left of God, and^;Ve« up a prey to a
thoufand prejudices, that he flull be configned over
to the follies o( his own heart. Wi//r.

Give youtfelves up to fome hours of leifurc. Ifaits.

34. To Give up. To abandon.

If any be given uf lo believe lies, fome muft be
firft given up to tell them. Stillingfleet.

Our minds naturally give themfelves uf to every
diverfion which ihey are much accuftomed to ; and
we always find that play, when folllowed wiih alTi-
duity,en5roaes the whole woman. Addifin.

A good poet no fooner communicates his works,
but it is imagined he is a vain young creature given
up to the ambition of fame. p^pc.

I am obliged at this time to give up my whole
application to Homer. p^pe.

Perfons, who, through misfortunes, chufe not to
drefs, (hould not, however,g/i.< uf neamefs. Clarijfa.

35. y'l/GivE K/. Todcliver.

And Joab gave up the fum of the number of the
people to the king. j Sam. xsiv. 9.

His accounts were confufcd, and he could not then
give them up. Svift,

36. ToGisinuay. To yield ; not to re-
fill ; to make room for.

Private refpefts, with him, gaveiuay to the com-
mon good. Cartvj.

Perpetual piifliiug and alTurance put a difficulty oul
of countenance, and make a feemin^ iinpoflibility
givi v.'ay. Colli ir.

Scare* had he fpolcen when the cloud gave way ;
Tlie mills flew upwards, and dilfolv'd in day. Diyd.

Hit colden Wlmgivei vay wiih ftonyblows,
Batier'd and ftat, and beaten to his brows. Dryden.

37. The word ^/w is ufcd with great laxi-

G I V

fy. the general idea is that oftranfmit-
ting from one to another.
To GivE.ai. «.

I . To rulh ; to fall on ; to give the aflault.
A phrafe merely French, and not worthy
of adoption.

Your orders come too late, the fight's begun ;
The enemy gives on with fury led. Dryden.

Hannibal ^asjf ufox the Romans. Hooke.

2- X° ""^'^"'J togrowmoift; to melt or
foften ; to thaw.

Some things are harder when they come from the
hre, and afterwards give again, and grow foft ; ai
tbecruftof biead, bilket, fwcetmeats, and fait.

_, , bacon's Natural Hijory,

Only a fweet and virtuous foul.
Like feafon'd timber, nevtrgivei ;

But though the whole world turn to coal.
Then chiefly lives. HerSerf.

Unlels It IS kept in a hot houfe, it will fo give
again, that it will be no better than raw malt.^Mbr//«.

Before you carry your large cocks in,opr:: thei«
once, and fpread them : hay is apt to give in the
"^''- Mortimer.

3. To move. A French Phrafe.

Up and down he travcrfcs his ground.
Then nimbly (hifts a thruft, then lends a wound ;
Now back he gives, then rufiies on amain.

Daniel's C. IVar.

4. To G11K in. To go back; to giveaway.
Not in ufe.

The charge was given with fo well governed fury
that the lett corner of the Scots battalion was enfor-
«'*.«<' «'■•""■"■ Hayu'ard,.

5. 7b Give taio [A French phrafe.] To'
adopt ; to embrace.

This is geography particular to the mcdalifts :
the poets, however, have fometimes given ir.to it,
and furnifti us with very good lights for the explica-
•10" of ''• Addifon on Medals.

This confideration may induce a tranllator to give
in to thofe general phrafes, which have attained a
veneration in our language from being ufed in the-
Old Teftament. p^pg

The whole body of the people are either ftupidlv

"'■ -"■--•--- ■- - " ■ • i,,/

-J ■ 1 r'- "'^ v.. in,. iiuuiUiV

negligent, or eire^?/w>j in with all their might f»
thofe very praSices that are working their deftruc-
''""• Swift.

6. To Give of. To ceale; to forbear.

The puniftiment would be kept from being too
much, if we gave off ai foon as we perceived that
it reaches the mind. Locke.

7. To Give cmer. To ceafe ; to aft no
more.

If they wilhfpeak to the purpofe, they vm^give

over, and ftand upon fuch particulars only as ihcy

can (hew we have either added or abrog,ited, oihcr-

^wife than we ought, in the matter of church polity.

Hooker,
Neither hath Chrift, thiough union of both na-
tures, incurred the damage of either; left, by being
born a man, we (liould think he hath given over
to be Ood, or that becaufc he continued God there-
fore he cannot be man alfo. Hooker.

Give not o'er fo ; to him again ; intre,it him,
Kmceldown before him, hang upon his gown ;
You are too cold. Shakefp. Meajarefir Meafure.
The ftate of human aiftfcns is (0 variable, that to
try things oft, aad never 10 give over, doih wonders.
Jiacon'j Natural Illfliry.
Dcmclrius, king of Macedon, had a petition of-
fered him divers times by an old woman, and IliU
anfvveiedhe had noleifure; whereupon the woman
fald aloud. Why then if/t;e<iv« tu be king. Bacon.

So Satan, whom rcpulfe upon rcpulfe
Met ever, and lo (liametiil fileiice brought,
Ym gives not o'er, though dcfperate olfuctefs. Milt.-

shall we kindle all this flame
Only to put it out again ?

And muft we now giveo'er
And only end where we begun ?
In vain this mifchicl we have done.

If vve cm do no more. Venham,'

It would be well for all autho(9| it' they knew

w^eu

G L A.

»>i«B to t'^f ever, tai to defiil from tny firtlicr

purfuits «lici f»mt. MJi/w.

He i.oi"cd agiin, and wa» forced to give mtr tor

tlie faint ttiiin. Swjft.

8. ToGivt out. Topublini ; to proclaim.

Simon brwitchtd llic p«>^-le of SamirU, giy'-'H
eut lh»t himtelf was fomc great out. .-/.f?!, viii. 9.

Julius C.cfarUid Avf Pompcy's preparations, by
a tiiae that he cunningly g^ivc out how Cxfai's own
foldiers loved him not, BaKit,

Your ill-wiihers ViU girt out your are now going
to quit your fchool. » S-uIJi,

9. ToGivt 6ut. To ceafe ; to yield.

Wc are the earth i and they
Like motes wiiliin us, heave and call about ;

And 'till they foot and clutch their prey ;
Tliey never cool, much lefsgiit <,iti. tltrbcri.

Madam, I always believ'd you lo ftout,
That for twenty deoiaU you would not give out.

' Swift.

Gi'viR. n.f. [from^/tv.] One that gives ;
donor; beftovver ; diftributer; graiiter;

Well we may afford
Our given their own gifts. Milton's P.iraJife Loft,

By thee how fairly is the g/vir now
Repaid ? But gratitude in thee is loft
Ix>ng fince. Mi/lon's FaiaJi/eRc-gaixeJ.

I have not liv'd fincc lirll 1 heard the news ;
The gift the guilty giver doth accufe. DiyJen.

Both gifts deftruWive to the givers prove ;
Alike both lovers fall by thofe they love. Pofe.

Gives, n.f. Fetters or Shackles for the feet.

Gl'zZARD. «. /. [gejjer, Yrench; gigeria,

Latin.] It is fonietimes called ^;z^fr».

1. The ftrong mufculoiis ftomuch of a fowl.

Fowls hav; two veniriclcs, and pick up l>ones to
convey them into their fecond ventricle, the gix^c-rm-s.

More.
In birds there is no m.iftication in the mouth ; but
in fuch as are not carnivorous, it is immediately
fwallowed into the crop, a kind of aiueftomath,
where it is moiftened by fome proper juice from the
glandules diftilling in there, and thence transfci red
into l\\egi^zjirJ, or mufculous ftomach. Ray.

They iieftle near the throne.
By their hi^h aops and corny gixxuids known.

DryJett.

2, It as proverbially ufed forapprehenfion,
or conception of mind : as he frets his
gizzard, he harafles his imagination.

But that which does them greatell harm,
Their fpiritual gixxatJsiK loo warm ;
Which puis the over heated fots
In fevers ftill. HuMbrafs.

Satisfaction and rellitution lie fo curfedly hard
upon the gjj,xjrjx otour publicans, that their blood
is not halt fo dear to them as the treafure in their
colfiirs. L'Eftraxge.

Gla'brity, ». /. [from glaber, Latin.]
SmoQthnefs ; baldnefs. ZJ/V?.

Gla'ciAl, adj. [glacial, French; glacialis;
Latin.] Icy ; made of ice ; frozen.

Ta GLACIATE, 'u. n. [glacies, Latin;
g/acer, French. To turn into ice.

Glaci a'tion, n.f. ^{rom gleinttte.] The
ad of turning into ice ; ice formed.

Ice is plain upon the furface of water, but round
in hail, which is alfo a glacijiion, and figured in
its guttulous dcfient from the air. Biotun'sVul. Err.

Ci.K'c\ovi adj. [^/(jf/a, Latin.] Icy; re-

fembline ice.

Although exhaled and placed in cold confervalo-
ries, it will cryftalije and (boot intof /<ifi™r bodies.

Brown's Fu/gar Errcurs.

CLA'CIS. H. f. [French] In fortification,
a floping b;ink. It is more efpecially
taken for that which rangeth from the
parapet of the covered way to the level
on the fide of the field. Harris.

GLAD. adj. [jlxb, Saxon ; glad. Danilh.]
X. Cheerful ; gay ; in a llatc of hilarity.

S

G L A

They WciTcJ the king, and went unto their tenlJ

joyful and 4;/ji of heart. 1. Kingt,ii\\\. 66.

Glud wc leturn'd up to the coafts of light. Milton.

The wily adder blithe and glad. Milton.

Thiiher rtiey

Haded with g/<»</ precipitance. Milion.

2. Wearing a gay appearance ; fertile ;
bright ; fttowy.

The w ildernefs and the folitary place (hall be glad
for them, and the defart (hail rejoice and blolTom as
the role. Ifaiab, xxxv.

Then firft adorn'd
With their bright liiir.inarics, that fet and rofe.
Glad Ev'ning and glad Morn crawn'd the fourthday.

Alilton.

3. Pleafed ; elevated with joy. It has ge-
nerally of, fomctimes at or nvith before
the caufe of gladnefs : perhaps a/is mod
proper, when the caufe of joy is fomc-
thing gained or poffefled : and at or tuith,
when It is fome accident befallen himfelf
or another.

1 am glad to fee your worlhip. Shakeffeare.

He hath an uncle in Meflina will be very much gla -.1
of it. .Sbatefpeare.

He that is glad at calamities (hall not be unpu-
nilbed. r rover is.

He glad
Of hex attention, gain'd with ferpent tongue,
liis fraudulent temptation ihus began. Milion.

If he be my enemy, let him triumph; if he be
my friend, he will be glad if my repentance. Dryd.

The gaping wound giilh'J out a crimfon iiood ;
The Trojan, giad ■wili light of holfile blood.
His faiicl.ion drew. JJryden' s ACn .

did o/\ quarrel ftraiti clap the door. I'ojie.

4. Pleafing ; exhilarating.
Her converfation

More glad to me than to a mifer money is. Sidney.

5. Expreifing gladnefs.

Hark! a g/ii<i voice the lonely defert cheers :
Prepare the way, a God, a God appears ! Po/ie.

6. It is ufed in a familiar fenfe, approach-
ing to ludicroufnefs.

I would be glad to learn from thofe who pro-
nounce that the human foul always thinks, how iliey
know it. Lode.

To Clad. "v. a. [from the adjeftlve.] To
make glad ; to cheer; to exhilarate.

He faw rich neftar-thaws releafe the rigour
Of th' icy Norlh, from froll-bound Atlas hands

His adamantine fetters fall : green vigour
Gladding the Scythian rocks, and Lybian fands.

Crx/haw.
\t glads me
To fee fo many virtues thus united,
Torcftorejurticeand dethrone opprelTion. Oltuay.
Each diinks the juice that pWi the heart of man.

Pope.
If juftice Philips' coftive head
Some frigid rhymes dilhutfes,

Theylhall like Pertian talcs be read,
.^nd glad both babes and nurfes. Sivifi.

To Gla'dden. "v. a. [from glad."] To
cheer ; to delight ; to make glad ; to ex-
hilarate

Oh, he was all made up oflove and charms!
Delight of every eye I When he appcar'd,
A fccret pleafure gladden'd all that faw him. .iddif.
A kind of vital heat in the foul cheers and gUd-
dens her, when (he does not attend to it. Addif, Sficl.
Gla'dder. ». /. [from ^/«,/.] One that
makes glad ; one that gladdens ; one that
exhilarates.

Th.iu gladder of the mount of CjTtheron,
Have pity, goddefs Drydin.

Glade. »./. [from jlopan, to be hot, or
to fhine; whence the Danifh^fW, and the
obfolcte Rnglith gUed, a red hot coal.]
A lawn or opening in a wood. Lucus.
It is taken for an avcm*e through a wood.

GLA

whether open or fliaded, and has there-
fore epithets of cppofite meaning. ',
So (lam'd hiseyen with rage and rancorous ire ;
But far within, as in a hollow glade,
Thofe glaring lamps were fei, that made a dreadful
(hade. Spenjcr.

Lo where they fpy'd, how in a gloomy glade
The lion llcepiiig, lay in fecret ihade. llubberd.

O might 1 here
In folitude live favage, in (ome glade,
Obfcur'd, where highcft woods, impenetrable
To ftaror fun-light, fpread their umbrage broad.
And brown as evening. Milton's Paradife I-ofi.

When any, favoui'd of high Jove,
Chances to pafs through this adventurous ^/aiir.
Swift as a fparkle of a glancing ftar
I (hoot from heav'n togive him fafe convoy. Milton,

For noonday's heat are clofer arbours made.
And for frelh ev'ning air the op'ner glade. Drydtn.

There interfpcis'd in lawns and opening glades.
Thin trees arife ihat (hun each olliet's (hades. Pope,

By the heroes armed (liadcs
Gliit'ring through the gloomy glades ;
By the youth that dy'd for love,
Wand'ring in the myrtle grove,
Rcllore, reilore Eiirydice to life !
Oh! take tlie hulband or reltore the wife ! Pofe.

She fmil'd, array'd
With all the charms of lun-(hine, dream and glade.
New drel\ and blooming as a bridal maid. Harte.
Gla'den. ) n.f. [from gladius, Latin, a
Gla'der. J Avord.] Swordgrafs : a ge-
neral name of plants that rife with a broad
blade like fedge. 'Junius .
Gla'd FULNESS n.f. [glad and /ulaefs,']
Joy ; gladnefs. Obfolete.

And ihere him rcllsin riotous fufrifance
Of all his gUdfulnefs, and kingly joyance. Sfenfer.
Gladia'toR. n.f. \\M\n; gladiateur, Fr.]
A fword player ; a prizefighter.

Then whil(\ his foe each gladiator foils,
The aiheiif, looking on, enjoys the fpoils. Deniam.

Betides, in gratitude for fuch high matters,
Know 1 have vow'd two hundred gladiators. Dryd.
Gla'd LY. ad-v. [from glad.] Joyfully:
with gayety ; with merriment ; with tri-
umph ; with exultation.

For his particular, I'll receive him gladly ;
But not one follower. Sb.ikrfpeare's King Ijar.

You are going to fet us right ; and 'lis an advan-
tage every body will gladly fee you engrofs the glory
of. BhunttoPofe.

Gla'd NESS. n.f. [from glad.] Cheer*
fulnefs ; joy ; exultation.

By fuch degrees the fpre.iding gladnefs ^xvM
In every heart, which fear had froze before :
The Handing ftreeis with fo much joy they view.
That with Icfs grief the perilh'd they deplore. Dryd.

Gla'dsome. adj. [from f/a</.]

1. Pleafed ; gay ; delighted.

The higheft .ingcls to and fro defeend.
From higheft heaven mgladfome company. Fairy ^.

The gladfowe ^o^i in circling troops attend,
And wiih unweary'd eyes behold their friend. Dryd.

2. Caufiiigjoy; having an appearance of
gayety.

Each morn they wak'd me with a fprightly lay ;
Of opening heav'n they lung laigladfome day.

Pricr.
Gla'dsomely. adv. [from gladfome.] With

gavety and delight.
Gla'dsom ENESs «. /. [from glad/ome.^

G.iyety; (howynefs ; delight.
Glaire. n. J', [jlxn. Saxon, amber ; glar,
Danifh, glafs ; glaire, French; gtarea,
Latin.]
I . The white of an egg.

Take the glaire of eggs, and ftrain it as (hort at
water. Peathem.

z. Akind of halbert. Di^'l.

Ts Glaire, 1. a. [^lairer, French ; from

the

G L A

the noun.] To fmear with the white
of an egg. This word is ftill ufed by
the bookbinders.
GLANCE, n. /. [glantz, German, glitter.]

1. A fudden (hoot of 'ight or fplendour.
His off'ring foon propitious fire from heav'n

Confum'd with nimble ^/a»rf, and grateful fteam :
1 he other's not j for hi> was not fincere. Milieu

2. A ftrolce or dart of the beam of fioht. '
The afpcfts which procure love are not taziriK,

but fudden glance, and dartings of the eye. Bjro„
There are of ihofe fort of beauties which laft but
tor a moment ; fome particularity of a violent paffion,
fome graceful aftion, a fmile, a g/ance of an eye, a
difdamtul look, and a look of gravity. DryJen

Boldly (he look'd like one of high degree :
Yet never fcem'J to caft a g/ajrct on me :
At which 1 inlyjoy'd, foriruth to fay,
I felt an unknown awe, and fome difmav. Hartr

3. A fnatch of fight ; a quick view.

The ample mind takes a furvey of fcveral oMeits
with one g/a„ce. ff,-^,,, ^„ ,^, ,^^j^

VoOlance. f, n. [from the noun.]
I. To fhoot a fudden ray of fplendour.

lie double blows about him fiercely laid,

^itglanchg fire out of the iron pby'd,

As fparkles from the anvil ufe,

When heavy hammers on the wedge are fway'J.
1X71. • L 1 . Speftfer,

When through thegloom the^/^^roVglightnbg^fly,

Heavy the rattling thunders roll on hi|h. RoJ, |

2. To fly off in an oblique direftion.

He has a littlegall'd me, I confcfs;
But as the jeft did g/^ce away from mc,
in '!? M °°f " ■"*'"' ■'1 yo" two outright. Sbakrf.

3. io ftrike m an oblique direftion.

Through Paris' ihield the forceful weapon went.
His cortlet pierces, and his garment rends,
And glancing downwards near hU flank defcends.

a. To view with a quick caft of thrive'-
to play the eye.

O- th' fudden up they rife and dance,
Then fit again, and figh ini glance;
Then <)^ce again and kifs. Suck/hg.

Mighty dulnefscrown'd, '

Shall take through Crub-ftreet her triumphant round ;
And her PuaMm gla„ch,g o'er at once,
««hold a hundred fons, and each a d«nce. Pop,.
5. To cenfure by oblique hints.

How can'ft thou thus, for (hame, Titania.
0/j»r, at my credit with Hippolita,
Knowing I know thy love to -J'hcfeus ? Shuhfp

themfelvcs by negative,; „ ,0 fay, this I do not

I hive never glanced upon the late defigned^prol
ceiTionof hisholmefs ,nd h.s attendants, notwith.
ftanding it might have afforded matter tomanvludi-
crous Ipecjlations. AddT

He had written verfes wherein he glanced at^'a
certain reverend doflor, famous for dulnefs. i,< j/'t,

Ti Glance, -v. a. To move nimbly; to
Ihoot obliquely.

Glancing an eye oCpiiy on his loOes.
bnough to prefs a royal nierclunt down. Shah

GLA'NClNGLy. ad-v. [from glanceA Jn
an oblique broken manner ; tranfiently.

.r!"l,^'f 11'' ^'^'=''" ''""' ■^o"' romething in

K fl "^V'~'>'''""'y "'"' iUneinflj, intendine

chiefly a difcourfe of his own ^yage. ^^' hTZHI

GLAND, n./. [g/a„,, Latin; ^/W. Fr.J

Allthcglandj of a human body are reduced to
two forts. VIZ. conglo!«,e and con^lomerl^e A
conglobate gland is a little fmooth h,^y! w"pt „„ t
a hne flc.n. by which it is feparated 4m .n',h^
«he, parts only admitting a/ar, i^ 1 d n, re to
pals in, and givinj wav m > „.; j

moo tunide or mcmbraae. ' ^ ° %^Z

G L A

The abfcefs begun deep in the body of the glands.

■rt I , . . Ififeman.

I lie glands, which o'er the body fpread,
rme complicated clues of nervous thread,
liivolv'd and twilled with th' arterial duft,
i he rapid motio:i of the blood obftma. Blackmore.
ULA NDERs. f,./. [fromgland.] In a horfe
IS the running of corrupt matter from
the iiofe, which differs in colour accord-
ing to the degree of the malignity, being
white, yellow, green, or black.

„. , , Farrier's Dili.

His horfe IS poffcft with the glanders, and like

to mofe m the chine. Sbak. Taming of, he Shreiu

«^LANDi FERGUS, adj. [glam mAfero, Lz-

tin.] Bearing mail; bearing acorns, or

iruir like acorns.

The b,-ech is of two forts, and numbeiwl amoneft

nx.SK''^^7^''A "■"'■ Mortimers H„/handry.

GLA'.NDULE. „. /. [^}a„dJa, Utln;
glaMe. t r. I A fmall gland ferving to
the fecretion of humours.

Nature hath provided feve.al glandnla to feparate
this juice trom the blood, and no lefs than four pair
of channels to convey it into the mouth, which are
called duciutfalivales. g

Glandulo'sity. »./ [from^/aW«/««/i
A colledion of glands.

In the upper parts of worms are found certain
white and oval glandulojiries. Srm^n'i r„lg. Err
Olandulous. c^dj. {glaudulofus, Latin;'
glandulaix, \ rench, from glandule.] Per-
taining to the. glands ; fubfifting in the
glands : having the nature of glands.

the beaver's bags are no tefticles, or parts official

unto generation, but glanduhm fubftances, that

hold the nature ot eraunttorics. Bru^un's V„h. Err

Such conljitutions mult be fubjeft to glunduhm

tumours, and ruptures of the lymphaticks. Arbuth.

^"^^^{^^V'^'- «• [gl""". Dutch.]
I. I o Ihine fo as to dazzle the eyes.

After great light, if you come fuddenly into the
dark, or, contrariwife, out of the dark into a
^anng light, the eye is dazzled for a time, and the
light confufed. j,

A^i'^ 5'""!."^^" V'}" >ng"'s venom fwell, """"■
And like the brand of foul Aleflo flame. Fairfax

wir VHr'T^'" l""" """'^^ of epigrammatic]^
,rmiS,t*7 , '}yf'^^V •« maintains majefty in
Ihemidlt ofplainnefs; he fliines, but glar/s not:

and IS llately without ambition. * Dryden

1 he court ol Cjcus ft^ds reveal'd to fight :
Ihe cavern g/.,r« with new admitted light. Vryden

Alas, thy dawled eve "^

Beholds this man in a (M-:glaring light,
Which con^uelt andfuccefs have Uirown upon him.

!. To look with fierce piercing eyes.

Whjch thou doftj/... with. Shakej;. Macbeth.

Look, how pile he ^/.,r„.' HhAeff. Hamlei.

Now friends no more, nor walking hand in hand
But when they met they made a furly ftand, '

And wi,h d that ev'ry look might be their laft. D,yd.

3- I0 flime oftentatioufly, or with too
much laboured lullre.

.J''\'"'f g''"''''g ''"i notorious pafTages are none
of the fineft, or molt correft. EelrL Jrhe Cla^l.

.P/h^'' '"■"• T^fl^ootfuch fplendour
as. the eye cannot bear.

One fpiril in them rui'd, and every eye
0/«r ,/ lightning, and Ihot forth pernicious fire
Among th accurll, that wither'd all their lirength.

/^ . - - /■ r-n . Milton.

<jLare. *./ [from the verb.]

1 . Overpowering luftre ; fplendour, fuch as
dazzles the eye.

The h-,imeof biirnifh'd fteel that caft ^ glare
I'rom lar, auU lecro'd to th*w ihc /rcKing air.

D'yd, Fab.

G L A

bvJl- P"',^ .'" ^"^ " P"'"'"' ofquah'ygiidia,

and^ looking like a fpeftre amidft ^ glare of flam.

u,'. „ . -^ddifon' s Guardian.

Here in a grotto, Ihelier'd clofe from air,
And fcreen'd ,n ihades from day's detefted ^/^r.,
She hghs far ever P,^,,, ^ „^,i ^ ^

.2. A fierce piercing look.

About them round
.-V lion now he ftalks with fiery glare Milton.

O1.AREOUS. adj. [glatreu^, Fr. glareo/tts.
l^at.n ; from glaire.] Confiding of vif-
cous tranfparent matter, like" the white
or an egg.

Gla'ring.^^-. Applied to any thing no-
^°"0"s : as, a ^/flr,„_f crime.

1^1. ASS. ;,./ [jlsj,, >3axoni glas, Dutch,
L., ""^Sines, from glds, Britilh,
green. L, Erfe it is called Hd^„, and
this primarily fignifies clean or clear, be-
ing io denominated from its tranfpa-
rency.] i^

I. An artificial fubftance made by ft.finff
fixed falts and flint or fand together, with
a vehement fire.

Hil?n7['' ^'f'r "T"^ f""" ">« Belgick an.l
High Dutch: gla/s, from the verb ^W,",, which
ngnihes amongft them to Ihine, or^ perhaps fr^

fe'^mbleL"'' '"'"• «"'"* "^j- wLe c^::":;
/-//-■ I , , ^'•'euam on Draining.

,h,/T- " '. x'^'k'-.'^ "'"P'"^ ^"'1 fi™ » body.
that 1 IS laddtrua.ble by ar, or nature. .,nd is afe

:aXt:drir='''^''''^^''^''"*'''>'"'"'[^'f

Show'rs of grenadoes rain, by fudden burft "■* ''
Uilploding murd'ious bowels, fragments of fteel
And flones, and gla/s and nitrous grain aduft.

z. Aglafs veffel ofany kind. ^^'''''^'''

I'll fee no more

Wh l"n."'' '"S*"'' ^PP""' "ho •*"« a glaft
Which (hews me many more._ Siake/j,fMacict6.

3. A looking glafs ; a mirrour.

That :'fl>"'n'd others Shai./p. Henry IV.

He (preads his fubtile nets from light, "^

With tinkling ^/.^„, to |,5,,_,y

The larks that in the melhcs light. Drjd. Horace

4.^« Nottr Glass. A glafs ufed in mea-
furing time by the flux of fand.

, e ^ . , ^"' '"y "'■''^'^ '■>■"

Infefted as licr life, Ihc would not live
r ^ilV:"."'"/"^""^^'''-^- //^^*'/^ ff'!''t»'sralc.

J. The deftined time of man's life

'^^ "foTne!'' "'^'' ''"' "''' '""' "° "«"■' •■'» •«''''«
The golden Meleager now, their ^/,j^„ all were run.

6. A cup of glafs ufed to drink in. ^''"^'""'^

To this laft cortly treaty,
Thatfwallow'd fo much t'reafurc, and like iglafs
Did break .'^ rinfi„g siaie/f.. Henrj fui.

When thy heart
Uilates with lervcnt joys, and eager foul
Frompts to purfue the fparkling gla/s, be fure
'fistimc tolhuu it. "& J >■ p/,;/;.

7- The quantity of wine ufually contained
in aglafs; a draught.

hi^di^'ntT 1'''"'" Y'^g^"/"^^^ Will not make
him drunk, ibn one gla/s ),a,h difabled him from
well difcerning his prelent condition.

Tl,. fi II ;r '^"J'"''' Rule 0/ living holy.

The firft gla/s may p.is (or health, the IbcoHd

o rttt '?o'"' "''•"'"'' '""" ^^'="^^; tut"he
tourth IS (ur our enemies. Temlil

8. A perfpeaive glafs.

The moon whofe orb
„n f ■',?'' •"'"' '"'•">■ 'h^ ""oon by glair'sTi
n, I. IT- DrydtiK

tjLASS. adj. Vitreous; made of glafs.

Get thee gAi/i eyes ;

Ami.

G L A

Aod, like kicvn*}' polUician, fecm
To fee the things (l>ou do'tl itot. Sbjk. King Ltar.

Glifi banlcs are more lit for this fecond lining
than tnolc of wood, Mortimrr^t HuJhAndrj,

To Glass. ii. a.

,1. To fee as in a glafs; to reprefent as in
:a glafs or mirrour. Not in ufe.
Mcthinks I am partaker of thy paftion,
And in thy cafe iogla/i miae own debility. SiJjttf.
4. To cafe in glafs.

Methoughtall his fenfes were lockt in his eye.
As jewels in cryllal for fome prince to buy ;
Who tend 'ring their own worth, from whence they

were ghfif^
Did point out to buy them* along as you pail. Sbak,
3. To cover with glafs; to glaze.

J have obferved little grains of lilver to lie hid
in the fmall cavities, perhaps g/aj/id over by a
vitritying hear, in crucibles wheiein lilver has been
long kept in fulion. Boyle.

<jLa'ssfurnace. n, /, \gla/i anA furnace,']
A furnace in which glafs is made by
liquefaftion.

If our dreamer pleafes to try whether the glowing
■heat of a g/a/s-furmjct be barely a wandering ima-
gination in a drowfy man's fancy, by putting his
hand iuto it, he mjy perhaps be awakened into a
certainty that it is iomething more than bare ima-
gination. Locke.
Cla'ssgazing. adj. [gla/s and gazing,']
Finical ; often contemplating himfelf in
a mirrour.

A whotfon, glfffga^'^gt finical rogue. Shakefp,
iCla'ssgrinder. n.f, [gla/i and grinder.]
One whofe trade is to polilh and grind
glafs.

The glaffgrindert complain of the trouble they
meet with. Boyle.

jGla'sshoose. ft./, [glafs znA houfe,] A
Jioufe where glafs is manufaflured.

I remember to have met with an old Roman
Mof.iic, compofed of little pieces of clay half
vitrified, and prepared at the g/a/iiou/rs. AJdifon.

■Gla'ssman. n.f. [g/a/iaadmaa,] One who
fells glafs.

The profit ofglaflcs confills only in a fmall prefent
made by the ghjfman. Sw/i.

■Gla'ss METAL, ff. /. [glafs and metal,]
Glafs in fufion.

Let proof be made of the incorporating of copper
or bral's with gUJfiHcial. Bacon's Pl-yf. Rem.

■Gla'sswork. n.f. [glafs and ixjork.] Ma-
nufactory nf glafs.

The cryftn'liiie Venice glafs is a mixture, in
njual portions, of Hones brought from Pavia, and
the albej of a weed called kali, gathered in a defert
between Alexandria and Rcfttta; by the Egyptians
ufed firllfor fuel, and then tlieycruih the aiifies into
lumps like a (lone, and fo fell them to the Venetians
for x\\c\x glafftLHirtt. Bacon's Natural Hilary.

.Gia'sswort, n.f. [yfl//V-or»/a, orfaltwork.]
It hath an apctalous Hower, wanting the cmpale-
■ent; for (he ftamina, or chives, and the cmbryoes
grow on the extreme part of ihe leaves; thefe
cmbryoes afterward become pods or bladders, which,
ibr the mofl pare, contain one feed. The inhabi-
tants near the fea-coall cut the plants up toward the
latter end of Summer; and, having dried them in
the fun, they burn them lor their alhes, wbiv;h are
ufcd in making of glafs and foap. Thefe herbs
are by the country people called kelp. From tne
alhcs of thefe plants is citradled th« (alt called f.il
kali, or alkali, by the chymifts. Miller.

For the fine glafs we ufe the purcft of the fineft
fand, and the aihcs of chali or glajpwart; and for
the coarfcr or green fort, the alhes of brake or other
plants. Brmun'i Vulgar Errouri.

■Gi a'sst. adj. [fiova glafs.]
J, Madcofglaf^; vitreous.

In the valley near mount Carmel in Judta there
is a fani, which of all olhcis, hath moft affinity
with glais ; ihlomuch as other miuciaii laid in it
turu to i ifajfy fubftance. iaan.

CLE

2. RefcmbSng glafs, as in fraoothnefs ox
luftre, or brittlcncfs.

Man ! proud man !
Drcft in a little brief authority,
Moll ignorant of what he's moft alTur'd
His gU'JJy eflence; like an angry ape,
Plays fucli fantadick tricks bet'ore high heav'n.
As make the angeli weep. Sbak. MeaJ.far MtaJ,

There is a willow grows aflant a brook.
That ihows his hoar leaves in the gl<\l[y ftream.

Sbakfpeare.

The magnet attrafteth the (hining or glaffy

powder brought from the Indies, ufually employed in

writing duft. Bnnun.

W hofe womb produc'd the glajfy ice ? Who bred

The hoary frolh that fall on Winter's head ? Sandys.

The glajjy deep. Dryden's ^n.

Glastonbury y/torw. n.f. A fpecies of
Medlar,

Thjs fpecies of thorn produces fome bunches of
flowers in Winter, and flowers again in the Spring.

Miller.
GlauCo'ma. n.f. [yXccuicwiJM; glaucome,
Fr.] A fault in the eye, which changes
the cryftalline humour into a greyifh co-
lour, without detriment of fight, and
therein differs from what it commonly
underftood by fufFufion. ^incy.

The glaucoma is no other difeafe than the cataract.

Sharp.
Glave. n.f. [glaive, French; glaif, a
hook, Wellh.J A broad fword ; a fal-
chion.

Two hundred Creeks came next in fight well tiy'd,
Not furely arm'd in lieel or iron flrong.
But each a glave hath pendant by his fide. Fairfax.

When zeal with aged clubs and glaves,
Gave chace to rockets and white itaves. Hudiirat.
To Glaver. <v. n, [g'ave, Wellh, flat-
tery ; ^lipan, Saxon, to flatter. It isftill
retained in Scotland.] To flatter; to
wheedle. A low word.

Kingdoms have their dillempers, intermilTions,

and paroxyfms, as ivell as natural bodies ; and a

glavering council is as dangerous as a wheedling

priell, or a flattering phyfician. L' EJl range.

ToGlaze. 1-. a. [Taglafs, only accidentally

varied.]

1. To furnifti with windows of glafs.

Let there be two delicate cabinets daintily paved,
richly hanged, and glaxed with cryllalline glafs.

- Bacon's Effays.

2. To cover with glaft, as potters do their
earthen ware; [from the French gldife
argilla.]

3. To overlay with fomething (hining and
pellucid.

Sorrow's eye, glax'd with brining tears.
Divides one thing entire to many objects. Sbakefp.

The reafon of one man operates on that uf
another in all true oratory ; wherein though with
other ornaments he may glaze and brandilh the
wcjpons, yet is it found reafon that carries the
ftroke home. Cre^v'i Cofnt. Sac.

White, with other ftrong colours, with which we
paint that which we intend to rtaxe, are the life,
the fpirit, and the luftre of it. Styden's Dufrrjnoy.
Gla'zier. «. /. [corrupted from glafier,
or glajjier, of glafs.] One whofe trade is
to make glals windows. Other inanu-
faiflurers of glafs are otherwife named.

ItUo r:tbbets the feveral panes of glalTwork are fcf,
anU faftened by the ql.iT^ler. Mcxon's Meet. Ex.

The dext'rous glazier ftrong returns the bound.
And jingling laOics on the pcnthoufe found. Gay.

And then, without the aid of neighbour's art,
Pcrform'd the carpenter's aai glazier'i part, tiarie.

GLEAM, n.f. [jehoma, Saxon.] Sudden
(hoot of light ; luftre; brightnefs.
Then was the fair DoJonian tree far feen
Upsa fevea bills to Iprcad his gladfomc glitm ;

G L E

And conquerors bedecked with his green,
Alotjg the banks of the Aufoaiaa fticam. Sfafir.

At lift a gleam
Of dawning light turn'd thitherward in hafte
His traveil'd fteps. Milton's Paradi/e LJt.

As I bent down to look juft oppofite,
A Ihapc within the wat'iy glean appear'd.
Bending to look on me. Milton's Paradife Lojl.

Mine is a gleam of blifs, too hot to laft ;
Wal'ry it (hincs, and will be foon o'ercall. Dtyden.

We ken them fiom afar; the fctting fun
Plays on their (hining arms and burnifli'd helmets.
And covers all the field with gleams of fire. Addijon,

In the clear n\m gleam the flacks are feen.
And floating fotelb paint the waves with green.

Poft.

Nought was feen, and nought was heard.
But dreadful gleams^
Fires that glow. Pope's St. Cetilit.

To Gluam. -v. «. [from the noun.]

1. To fliine with fudden corufcation.

Obfervant of approaching day.
The meek-ey'd morn appears, mother of dews.
At firft faint gleaming in the dappled Ball. Ihamfoti.

2. To fhine.

On each hand the gulhing waters play,
And down the rough cafcade white dalhing fail,
Os gleam in lengthen'd viftas through the trees.

7bc-mftm.
Glek'my. adj. [from gleam.] Flufliing;
darting fudden corufcations of light.

In brazen arms, that caft igleamy ray.
Swift through the town the warrior lends his way.

Pope,
To GLEAN, -v. a. [glaner, French, as
Skinner thinks, from granum, Lat.]

1. To gather what the gatherers of the har-
veft leave behind.

She came and gleaned in the field after the reaperc.

Ruib ii.

Cheap conqueft for his following friends remain 'dj
He reap'd the field, and they but only glean'd.

Dryden.

The precept of not gathering their land clean, but
that fomething Ihould be left to the poor to glean,
was a fecondary offering 10 God himfelf. Nel/on,

She went, by hard neceflity compcll'd.
To glean Patemon's fields. Tbomjon's Autumn

2. To gather any thing thinly fcattered.

Gather
^ much as ftom occafions you nay glean.
If aught, to us unknown, afflifts him thus. SbtJt.

That goodnefs
Of gleaning all the land's wealth into one,
Into yourown hands, CarJ'nal, by extortion. Stall.

They gleaned o{ them in the highways five thout
fand men. jfi'dges, ix. 45.

But Argive chiefs, and Agamemnon's train,
When his refulgent arms flalh'd through the (Iiady

plain.
Fled from his well-known face with wonted fear; "
As when his thund'ring fword and poin
Drove headlong to their (hips, and gle.,
routed rear, Drj del

In the knowledge of bodies we mull be content
lo glean vhit we can from particular experiments;
flute we cannot, from a difcovery of their real ef-
fences, grafp at a time whole llieavcs, and in bundles
comprehend the natiu-e and properties of whol*
fpecies together. Lockt.

Glean, n.f. [from the verb.] Collettioo
made laborioufly by flow degrees.

Plains, meads, and orchards all the day he plies;
The gleans of yellow thyme dillend his thighs :
He fpoils the faftron. Dryden's l^irgil,

Gle'aner. n.f. [from glean.]

1 . One who gathers after the reapers.

For ftill the world prevail'd, and its dread laugbt
Which fcarce the firm philolopher can fcorn.
Should his heart own a gleaner in the field. Thomf.

2. One who gathers any thing flowly and
laborioufly.

An ordinary coSee-lyufe gleaner of the city is la
anutt ftaltfiaan, Lctkr.

Gle'anikc.

wonted fear; "I
linted fpear |
glean'd the f
^ den's j^n. J

, ,ofgJ?anJDg, or thing gleiwed. : , ,

There Ihall ^e ai the Oiaking o£ itwjlive-tf«e,,and
a$ the ^/f*irt//;_g ol'^rapes when -^ ■ '-■- :- J —

OGit I

ifone

- - . ,, .. BJik.

The orphan an J ?How .i ; of the

" -fkiik common fimity, aad bai't. ^ fight ■ to 'he Up-

pjrteJ out of the incomes of it, as the-^br Jews

.' had to gather tlteg/mimgs of the rich man's harvo'd.

'i Atterbury.

GLEBE. «./ [f/fi«, Larin.]
I./furf; foil; groond.

This, like the moory plots, delighti in fcdgy
bowers.
The grifly garlands loveis, aiid oftattir'd wiAiflowiets!
: Of raok and mellow ^/r/». Drmytort.'

Fertile of com the gUie of oD. and wine, •
With herds the pailures thronj^d, with /Jocks ijie
hills- *"■ Millhn.

■ Mark well the flow'ring almonds in the wood ;
If jd'rous blooms the bearing brjnchc! lid,
Th- g/eie will anfwer to the fylvan reigp,
C.-eat heats will fblhiw, and large crops otrmin.

; ' ., , ^£hyJcn.

^ ■ - ■ Sleeptng vegetables fie,

•'' TVII the glad fummon* of i^g'enial ray

• faWiidsfhe^f', andc*lis tfce»«outt« day.

3 ■ ' Garib.

2. Tlie land poflefled as a part of the reve-
nue of an ecclefiaftical benefice.

The ordinary living or revenue of a patfoffagc is)
of three foru: the one in land, commooly called'
1'hcglt^ ; another in lyihe, wliicb h a fet pan of,
our goods rendered to God j the third, in other of-
fering* btfteued upon God and kis church by the

•^7''- r r , Sfriman.

. A trcfpaftdoMon a patlbn'j f/f^lan4, whish

u a fitebold, cannot be tned in a Ipintual court.

., ., , Aj/iji', Parergorr.'

Many paolhcs have not an inch oigltit. Stulft.

Gh'bous. adj. [from glebt.] Tur/y.

^ , DW.

Glb'bv. adj. [froni^i^.] Turfy; per-
haps in the following paffaje fat or fruit-
fuJ, if it has indeed any nieaniag. ■ :M

Perniciotia fljtt'ry I ihy malignant feeds
la an ill hour, and by a fatal hand
Sadly diffus'd o'er virtiie'sg/fiy land.
With rising pride amidit the com appear,
And choke ch* h«fe< and harvell rf the year.
_ Prior.

Gleijb. »./ [jlioajlibe, Saxon,] A kind
of hawk.

Ye IhaU not eat the gltje, the kiw, aad cbe vul.
*""• .. . , £><•.,.

GLEE. «./. f Jlijje, Saxon.] Joy; itierri-
ment ; gaycty. It anciently fignieed
mufick played at feafta. It is not now
ufed, except in ludicrous writing, or
with forae mixture of irony and con-
ffcmpt.

She marcheih home, and by hertaket the knight.
Whom ail the people follow with great girt,

,, , taiijtQtitn,

Many wayfarers malce themfelwi ^/«, by veKing

the inhabitant*; who again foreilow not to baigne

them with perfume. Carrta.

Is Blouzeliiida dead ? Farewell my gUt I
No happinefs is now lefcrved for me. Cay.

The poor man then was rich, and liv'd with gin-
£achbadey.beaduiit»xt, and day-light free. '

Olbed. «. /. [from jlopan, Saxon, to
glow.] A hot glowing coaJ, A provincial
and obfolete word.

GLE'eri-L. adj. [g/ff and full.] Gay •
merry ; cheerful. Not ufed. '

My lovely .Aaron, wherefore kok'ft thou fad.
When erery thing doth make a g/ti/u/ boall >

Gleek. a./. [5h3j«, Saxon.] Mufick j ct
muucian.
Vot. I,

ik'niyK^UwiB ym »j«e ui.'e— !-No uHoney, »ut the
^S"<*^= I will give ynu the minftrel. Hhait/p.

TpQi^it^, Vi a. [jlijman, in Saxon, .js
a miroick or adroil.J •.■

1. Tofneer; to gibe; to droll upon.-, -

■ 'lean ;/,-,*• lipoAoccalion. •' ' hak^A.

I have feen j-oliTf /«riwrpi or giallirt^ it this gen-
tleman twice or thi ice. - Shakejp.

2. In Scotland it is ftill retained, and figni-
fies to fool or fpend time idly, with fome-
thing of mimickry or drollery.

7» Glien. -v, n. To fhine with, heat 6r

ipoljfh. 1 know not the oipginal notion

of this word : it may be of the fatne race

with gla^ or with gleam. I have not

jremarked it in any other place,

Thofe who labAUr
The fweaty forge, who edge the crooked fcytlie.
Bend ««bhoiit>teel, and hanitng/mtt>ff arittoor?
Acknowledge Vulcan's Sid. Pfhr.

GLEET, «. /._ [It is written by Sii»»er

gllti. xna^mti from jhban, Saxon, to

Tun foftly.] A j&nious ooae; a thinichor

running froB» a. fore.

A hard dry efchar, withwrt either liriatter or glerr.

_ _, . ' ' ■ m/em^n's Stflg.

T» GlBej.^ h. n. [froni the noun,]

1^^ To .d'ip"<3r ooze with a tl»in fanious li-

,, quour.

His thumb being inflamed aad fwelledr I n»>d« an

■ incifion into It to the bone: this not only bled, but
g W a /cw drops. ififtmM.

2. To rijn flowly,

Vapours' raifca by' the fvn make clouds, which
are earned up and down fhe atmofph^re, 'tin they
hit againft the' mountainous places of the globe, and
by this concuffinn are condenfed, and fo glen down
the caverns of thefe mountains, whofe inner patts,
bCTBg hollow, aflbtd them a bafon.

r. I Cieyne's Phil. Print.

^^tf-V"^- ."'^J- ['■'^*-.f''«-J Ichory;
,.UUjily fanious

I Cn I

hanBiDgdbWftow their eyes, and Woiidfoufly d.^
_g«ifing them; \^>«/^»>rfr^W.

loijhis.'v. a, [fro* the adjedyy'e.l "Va
daftratc. , "; t"*. '

111 geia them' all: fol:rteentheyaall,»if fee, ■
To bring falfe gencr.itions ; they are coheirs,
,. And I had rahstglii mykli, thail they ,

Should not produce fair iffue. Stik.ffiarr

OUBLT adni. [ftoHj glib.} Smoothly;

volubly. /

■ Many who ,TOuld ftartle at «n oath, whofe fto-

?° ,',v J LM/"'. '^™'"'^'"'« f^coil at an obfcenity.
dojctllidegy/i/ymtoadetraaion.

t^ ./.. ■-,.. ^''^•'<-><*«'»t of the tongue .

Gu'6NEss.».y; [from^//^,] Smoothiiefs ;
ilipperinefs.

A polilh'd ice-like glibnefs doth enfold
The rock. • Chapman' sOJ^ffiy.

Ihe tongue 13 the mod r^dy for motion iTanv
member, needs not fo much as Oie Heniuie kS j
Joint, and by .ccefs of humours ac^uire.4 glKneA
(o«,tTie more to fj<;ilitate its moving! ■
fr-^ <^T ..<w ('overnmem (!ftbe%fiiue.

Sch *' "• ^^'**"' ^'' '^^'

If, 'he flelji lofe its ruddinefs, and llw mattir

change to be thin and g/eety, you inay fufpe'a it

««11.pting. .M Itfemarr.

t»t,Ei». n. /. [g/eM>r, Erfe.] A vatlt'}-; a

date ; a depreflion between two hills.

From me his madding mind isttart.
And wooes the widow's daughter of the glen.
jr^ ■'• Spenfer.

Uf.Ew. n.f. [glute-it, Latin.] A vifcous
cement made by- diffolving the fkins of
animals in boiling wattfry anddrying the
gelly, ■ See G lite'.

GDB. aJi. [from MI&-: ^Skinner.]

1. Smooth; flippery; to formed as to be
eafily muvedv

Liquid bodies have nothing to fuftoin their pans,
nor any thing to cement ihemj the pars being
glib ini tominually in moli-in, fiU off from one
another, which way foever griviiy inclines ihem.

/'■■■• ■■■■■ Tj^rr^y^

iijpc,
:llpt as t
,, , — ."";.■>■••■ Avkiliut.

2. Smooth ; voluble.

I want that glib and oily art

1 11 do t before 1 Ipeak. Shai.Juare;. j^7*, l^/
1 here wu never fo much g/ii nonfenfe »«t lace.
ther in well founding Eiielilli. . . ' ^^

Now CuiThislhoplrom rubbifii ■ ,'

Three genuine (oines of Swift's rci:.
And then, to maUe them pafs the ^/,7,;?,,.. . ^
Revis'd byTibbald, More, and Cibber. I £vlfr.

Be fuie he's a tine fpoken maiii , ,. , , .
Do but he«i on the clergy how gZ/i'lii^^oojucran.

Oi.iE. n.f.

The Irifl. hw*' ftom :rtie Sn^tMjili'Hji^itM an*
1«I>{ g'-h; wluch ii a thJcll cwMlbu^.aihatr

Habbakkuk brol/'ght him a' In
compadlv twilled together with j
glib as a birdcatchtr'i gin.

To flow gently and filently.

By Eaft, among the dufty vallies glide •
The lilver ftteama of Jordan's cryltai flood. : - .

Broke by thejutfing land on citherfide, ""^"'^
In double ftream, the briny waters ?/;d'f. DryJeW
Juft before the confines of the wood,

W^here ftray the Mufes, in what lawn ot grove f
In thofe fair helds where facred I6sglljes,
Or elfe where Cam his winding valea divides.

. To pafs on Without change of ftep. °^''.

Ye glijing ghbns, permit me to relate
The myftick wonders of your filent ftate. Drjidtr,

. To move fwiftly and fraoothly along

If one of mean affairs °

May plod it in a week, why may not I

■itf'^fl^!^ ' ^lll 5A<^?/5>«r.-r CymMl^
Shoals of filh, with fins and Ihining fcaks,

(jlije under the green wave. Mi/teir

He trembl'd every limb, and felt a fmart

As il cold lUel had ^//Va/ tlirough his heart.

Atl.l,- L L ,, OrjJen's Fables-.

All things are beheld as in a hafty motion, where

the objeOj only glije belore the eye and difappear.

G^ rr . n rodent

LiDE. »./ [from the verb.] Lapfe: att
or manner of pafling fiVioothly.

About his neck
A green and gilded fnake had wreath'd itfelf.
Who, with her head nimble in threats, approicH'J
The opening of his mouth ; but fiiddenly,
Seeing Orlando, it unlink'd itfelf,
And with indented glidti did (lip away
Into a bulh. Sk<,hfpe.re'/Asyc« llkeh.

GlIder. n./. [(torn glide.] One that
glides.

The glaunce into the heart did glidef
Hey ho the glider;
Therewith my foul was (Iiarply gride,
^Such wounds loon wa«n wider. Spcnfer't Pa/lcral

"•/ W'S', Saxon. 'See Gx.e'ek~1
zi i a fcofF; a flout. Not now in

Gl/ke
A fncer
ufe

^ Where', the baftari's bmves, and Charlei his

7f GI.VMMFR. ,.. ^.. [^W,%i-

nifh, to ihine; glimm, Dutch, to
glowJ .

I. To (Kine Tajntly.

.Tie Well yet g/immtr, ^A fame ftnska of

1 he trutli appears, fo naked on my fide,
I hat any purblind eye may find it out
—And on my fide it 15 fo well appaiel'd:
So clear, lo Ihining, and fo evident,
Ihat u will glimmer throujii a Wind man's eye.

, „ Sibaktfpeare,

'•^ for

G LI

For thtre no twilight of the fun 's dult riy
Climmirt iifon the pure and native diy. Cnelry.

0(t in gliimaeiiiig bowers anil glaJcs
He met her. , M''"^i.

See'ft thou yon' dreary pU'ni forlorn ihd w|ld.
The fHHofdefohiirti, Toidofiight, .

Sawwhal the e//w'r<>/7>f of ihcfe livid flames
Calls pale and dreadful f Miilott's Varadlje Laft.

The facrcd influence
Of light appears, and from the walls of He»»'n
Shoots fariiitothebofomofdimnight
Atiimmcring dawn. MiUiin'i Paradift Ijifi.

Through ihefe fad (hades this chaos in my foul]
Some feeds of light at length b^an to roll ;
The tifing motion of an infant ray,
Shot glimmering^ through the cloud, and promis'd
day. Prhr.

Oft by the winds, eitinft the (ignal lies ;
Or fmother'd in the g/i'mm'r!«g focket dies.

Gays Trivia,

When rofy morn!ngg//M»r<T-'i/ o'er the dales.
He drove to pafture all the lufty males. Pafe.

s. To be perceived imperfeftly ; to appear
faintly.

On the way the baggage poll-boy, who had been at

Court, got a g/lmmrrlrrg whd they were. IVollon.

The Pagan piieflhood was always in the drlilds;

and there was a perceivable glimmtrtng of the lewifli

titef in it, though much corrupted. Swift.

Gli'mwer. «./. [from the verb.]

I. Faint fplendour ; weak light.

a. A kinj of foflil.

The lelTer maffes that art lodged in fparry and
ftony bodies, difperfedly, from their (hining and
glimmering, were an inducement to the writers of
foffils to give thofe bodies the name of mica and
glimmer. H'cfO^-uiard on FoJJils.

Stones which are "compofed of plates, that are ge-
rerally plain and parallel, and tiiat are flexible and
elaftick: talc, catlilver, or^/i/wBcr, of which there
are three forts, the yellow or golden, the white or
filwry, and the black. ffootiwurii .

Glimfse. ». /. [glimmin, Dutch, to
glow.]

1. A weak faint light.

Such vail room in nature,
Onlytolhine, yet fcarce to contribute
Each orb aglimffe of light, corvey'd fo far
Down to this habitable, which returns ' '
. Light back to them. A^/'''

Tliouf.inds of things, which now 'either wholly
efcape our apprehcnfions, or wnich our (hort-fighteJ
reafon having got fome faint g/im/yi- of, we, in the
dark, grope.aftcr. Loclie

2, A quick flafhing light.-

Light as the lightning glimffe they ran. Millcii.
My thoughtlefs youth was wing'd with vaindeiires;
My Manhood, long milled by wand'ring fires.
Follow 'dfalfc lights; and when lhcir^//«f;>/f was gone.
My pride ftruck.out new fpangles ot her own.

Drjdrn.

34 TranCtory luftre. •

There no it^f glimffe of the fun's lovely face
Strikes through the foiid darknefsof the place.

Cavil ly.
If f, cilellia! (ire, in aught
Have ferv'd thy will, or g.-atilie'd thy thought,
, OnfgJimffe bf glory to my ilTue give ;
Gtac'd ti.r the litile time he has to live. DrjiJeit,
4.- Short fleeting enjoyment.

If while this wxaried flc(h draws fleeting breath.
Not fatiiti'd with life, ^f.aid of death,
it haply be thy will that i Ihould know
Ctimffe ot delight, or paufe from aniious woe ;
From now, irom inllant now, great fire, difpcl
The clouds that prefs my foul. ~ Prior.

j. A Ihort tranfitory view.

O friends 1 I hear the tread of nimble feet
Hartiiig this way, and now by glimpje difcern
llhuriel, and Zephon, through the Ihade. Milton.

Sometimes God punilhethexemplarily inthis world,
that we jnight have a talle or glimffe of his prcfcnt
judice. Haleivill.

A man ufed to fuch fort of relieflions fees as much
at anegliiK/fe as would require a long difcourfe to lay
before another, and BUkc out in one entire and gra-
dual deduflion. Locke.

TG?L)0

What (houtd I do I whiU here I wasencliain'df
No^//w/yVot godlike liberty rcmain'd. Dryden.

6, The exhibition of a faint refemblance.

No man hath a virtue that be has not a glimffe of.
"'uU .' r./ , Slalitffrare.

Tb Gt-i'sTENr' 11. «. [gliitan, German.]
Tofliine; to fparkle with light.

The bleating kind
Eye the bleak heaven, and next the gltflening earth.
With looks of dumb defpair. Tbomffon's tVintcr.
The ladies eyts gli^ened with plealure.

Ricbarjfn's Pamela,
79 Gli'ster. v. 71, [gliltait, German;
glifleren, Dutch.] To fhine ; to be
Dright. ' '

The wars flame mod in Summer, and the helmets
glijlei- brig)«ert in the fajrelt funfliiiie. Sfcnfer.

'Tis better to bf Jowly born.
And range withhumbleitvcrs in content.
Then to be perk'd up in a gliflerlng grief.
And wear a golden (orrow. Shakeffeare,

The golden fun
Gallops tliei'odjack in his ^/jjj'r/wf coacb.
■ . ■ ,';i - ;; 1: ' - 1'- Shakifftare.

All that glifiifa is not goli ' • Sbkkiffrate.
You were more the eye. and talk ' i

Of th^ court to-day fhan all '.

Elfe that g///?fr'</ in Whitehall. B-nJonfon.

When the fun (hone upon the^ihields of gold and !
brafs, the moiialainsg/!//?<-«i/ therewith, and (hined '
like lamps of fire, - ° \ Muc.s\.'i^.\

It conlilled not of rubies, yet the fmall pieces of it
were of apleafant rtdifli colour, andgV//?fr«/prettily.

Boyle,

Gli'ster. n.f. [Properiy written clyjier,
from xAti^nr.] See Clyster. It is written
wrong even by Bn'wn,
Now enters Bulh with new (late airs, '

His lordlhip's premier minifter;
And who, in all profound atfairs.

Is held as nc^jiful as his glifler. Szulft,

Choler is the natural glider, or one excretion

whereby nature escludeih another ; which, defcend-

ing daily urttb the bowels, extimulates' thofe parts,

and excites them unto expulfion. '' ' Broivn,

To Gli't^ EH. v. n, [Tlirinian, Saxoij.] ,

1. To (hine ; to exhibit luftre ; to gleam.

Sfeei glolTes are more refplendent than the like
plates of brafs, and fo is the glittering ol a blade.

Bacon's Pbyf. Rtm,
Before thebattle joins from far
The field yagliiters with the pomp of war.

Dryden' s Virgil.
Scafte Kad'ft thbu'trme t' unflicath thy con^u'ring
blade': ;." ' '
It did but glitter, and the rebels fled._ Granville.

2. To be fpecious ; to be ftriking.

On the one hand fet the molt glittering teinpta-
tions to difcard, and on the other the difmal effefls
of it. Decay of Piety.

In glltt'rlxg fcenes, o'er her own heart fevere ;
In crowds colleiled ; and in courts finccre. Toui:g.
Gli'ttf.r. k./ [from the verb.] Luftre;
bright ftiow ; fplendour.

Clad
With what permilTive glory (ince his fall
Was left him, or hU'c'glitta: Milton.

Flourifh not too much upon the g/iV/er of fortune,
for fear there (hould be too much alloy in it.

Collier on Pride.

Take .iway this meafure from our drefs and
habits, and all is turned into fuch paint and ^//V/fr,
and ridiculous ornaments, as are a real (hame to the
wearei. .•■ Laiv.

Gli'tterand. Shining; fparkling. A
participle ufcd by Chaucer and the old
Engli(h poets. This participial termina-
tion is rtill retained in Scotland.

Gli'tteringly. at/'v, [from glitter.^
With'fhining luftre.

'TaGLOAR, T. a. [gloeren, Dutch.]

1. 'fofquinl; to look alkew. Skinner.

2. In .Scotland, to dare : as •what a gloa-
rand ^uean.

G L O

To GtOiiT4»v."». (This'wdVdl conceive to
be ignorantly written for g!oar.'\ To
caft fide glances as a timorous lover.
Teach cvefy grace to fmile in your behalf.
And her deluding eyes tagloat for you. Rove.

Glo'card" ff. /. [froai gJew.] A glow-
worm.

Gi.o'battd, aJJ. [from gUif.] Formed
inlhapcofa globe; fpncrical; fphcrot-
dical.

GLOBE, a. /. [gloie, French ; gloius,
Latin.]

I. A fphere ; a ball ; a round body : a body
of which every part of the furface is at
the fame dittance from the centre.

2., The terraqueous ball.

The youth, whofe fortune the \i& gloie obey'd,
Finding his royalenemy bctray'd.
Wept at his fall. Slefney.

, Where God declares his intention to give dosni-
. nion, he meant that he would make a fpecies of
creatures that (hould have dominion ovtf the other
creatures of this terrellrial ghie. hotke.

3. A fpheie in wliich the various regions
of the earth are geographically depided,

• or in which the cOnftellations are laid
down according to their places in the Iky.

■ The Aftrologer who fpells the liars,
Midakes his globe, and in her brighter eye
Interprets heaven's phyiiognomy. Cleaveland.

Thefe are the liars.
But raife thy thought from fenfe, nor think to find
Such figures as are in the gUbcs deiign'd. Creerh.

4. A body of foldiers drawn into a circle.

Him round
A globe of fiery fcraphim inclos'd,
With bright imblatoning, and horrent arms.

,..- Mllion.

Globe Amaranth, or everlafling fitrwer.
; n.f. \amaranthoides.\ a flower.

i, , Miller.

Globe Dflj^. n. f. A kind of flower.
Globe Fifk. n.f. A kind of orbicular fifh.
Globe Rammctdus. n, f. \helleboro-ranun-

culu:.'\ A plant. Miller.

Globe Thifile. n.f. \carduut oriicu.'atus.] A

plant. Miller.

GLOBO'SE. adj. [glohofus Latin.] Sphe^

rical; round.

Regions, to which
All thy dominion, Adam, is no more
Than. what this garden is to all the eaith,
And all the fca ; from one entire globofe
Stretch'd into longitude. Milton's Paradlfe hofl.

Then formed the moon
Ghbcfc, andev'ry magnitude of (lar~. Milton.

Globo'sity. n.f. \iiciXR globBfe.'\ Sphe-
ricity ; fphericalnefs.

Why the lame eclipfe of the fun, which is feen
to ihem that live more eaftcrly, when the fun is ele-
vated fix degrees above the horizon, fliould be feen
to them that live one degree more wellerly, nhi:n
the fun is but live degrees above the horizon, and fo
lower and lower proportionably, 'till at lad it appear
not at all : no accountcan be given, butihe^/oAeyfyr
of the earth. Ray on tbt Creation.

Glo'bous. adj. \globofus, Latin. When
the accent is intended to be on the laft
fyllable, the word ftiould be writtt-a
glohcfe, when on the firft _f/oifl«i." I have
transferred hither a paflage of Milton, in
which this rule has been negleded.J Sphe-
rical ; round.

Wide overall the plain, and wider far
Than all this globofe earth in plain outfpread j
Such are the courts of God ! Milton.

The brazen indruments of earth difcharge
Horrible flames, and turpidftreamingclouds;
Large gUbous irons fly, or dreadful hif:>
Singeing the air. Pbitlfs,

Glo'bular.

G L O ^

Glo'bular. adj. \ghhulus, Latin.] ' "Hav-
ing the form of a fmall fpherc ; round ;
fpherical.

The figure of the atoms of all vifiblc fluids feemsth
to be globular, there being no other figure fo wxll
fitted to the making o. .iuidity. Crevi.

GWBULA'lUA. ». /. [Latin ; glohulaire.
French.] A flofculous flower. Miller.

GL'OBULE. n. f. [globule, French ; glo-
bulus, Latin.] Such a fmall particle of
matter as is of a globular or fpherical
figure ; as the red particles of the blood,
which fwim in a tranfparent ferum, and
are eafily difcovered by the microfcope.
Thefe will attraft one adother when
they come within a due diftance, and
unite like the fpheres of quicklilver.

The hailftones have opaque ghbutii of fiiow in

their centre, to intercept the light within the halo.

Nnaton's Ofiict.

Blood confifts of red glabula, fwimmlng in a thin

liquor called ferum: the red ghtuln are elaftick,

and will break ; the veffeh which admit thefroaller

glabult, cannot admit the greater without a difeafe.

Arbutbnot on Alimentt.

Glo'bxjlous. aJj. [from globule.] In
form of a fmall JTphere ; round.

The whitencft of fuch globuhus particles pro-
ceeds from the air included in the froth. Boylt.

Tfl Glo'merate. <v, a. [^/owm, Latin.]
To gather into a ball or fphere. A
filamentous fubftance gathered into a ball
is faid to be glomerated, but difcontinuous
particles are cmglobatei.

Glomera'tion. «r. /. \gkmeraiia, Latin.]

1. The aft of forming into a ball or fpherc.

2. A body formed into a ball.

The rainbow confifteth of a glomeralion of fmall
drops, which cannot fall but from the air that is
very low. Bacon.

Glo'merous. adj. [glomen/us, Latin.]
Gathered into a ball or fphcre, as a ball
uf thread.
GLOOM. II. /. [ilomnnj, Saxon,] twilight.

1. Imperfeft darknefs ; difmalnefs ; obfcu-
rity ; defeft of light.

Glowing embers through the roomi
Teach light to counterfeit 4 g/xm. Milte*.

This the feat.
That we rauft change for heav'n ? This mournful

gloom.
For that celeftial light ? Milton' t Paradift LtJI.

The llill night, not now, as ere men fell,
Wholefome, and cool, and mild ; but with black air
Accompany'd; with damps, and dreadful ^/c^n.

Milton,
Now warm in love, now with'ring in thy bloom.
Loft in a convent's folitaryg/tf&w. Pope.

2. Cloudinefs of afpcdt ; heavinefs of mind ;
fullennefs.

To Gloom, f. « [from the noun.]
I. To ftiine obfcurcly; as the twilight.
This fenfe is not now in ufe.

tlisgliil'ring armour made
K\\Viit glooming light much like a (bade.

Sfenftr.
Scarcely had Phttbusra 0\e glooming Eaft
Yet hameffed his fiery tooted team. Sfen/er.

a. To be cloudy ; to be dark.

3. To be melancholy ; to be fullen.
Gloo'mily. adv. [from gloomy.^

1. Obfcurely ; dimly ; without perfeft
light ; difmally.

2. Sullenly; with cloudy afpeft ; with
dark intentions ; not cheerfully.

Sec, he comes : how gloomily he ksoki i

DryiUn.

CItomilj retir'd the fpider livcc. 7l!imfon.

'^G'L'O

Glod'miness. »./. [ftomglai>mj.']

1. Want of light; obfcurity ; imperfeft
light; difmalnefs.

2. Want of cheerfulnefs ; cloudinefs of
look; heavinefs of mind ; melancholy.^;

Negleil {^xer.ih gloominefs upon their huraoor, and
makes them grow lullenand inconveifiblc.

CcilUer cf the Sfli-en.

The ghominefs in which fometimcs the minJs.01

the beft men are involved, very often Hands in need

of fuch little incitements to mirth and ' laughter, as

are apt to difperfe melancholy. ' AJJifan.

Gi.oo'uY. adj. [ixom gloom.']

1. Obfcure ; imperfeftly illuminated; al-
moft 'dark, difraal for want of light.

Thefe were from without
The growing mifesies, which Adam faw
Already in f an, though hid in gkoirtlejl fhade.
To forrowabandon'd. Milton's Paradift Loft,

Deep in a cavern dwells the drowfy god,
Whofe gloomy manfion nor the riling fun.
Nor fetting vifits, nor ths lightfomc noon.

Dryden's Fables.

The furface of the earth is clearer or gloomier, juft
as the fun is bright or more oveicaft. Pife.

2. Dark of Complexion.

That tair field
Of Enna, where Proferpine gathering flowers,
Herfclfa fairer flow'r, by^/oo»yDis
Was gather'd. Milton's ParaJife Ijifl.

3. Sullen ; melancholy j cloudy of look ;
heavy of heart.

Glo'ried. adj. [from glory.] Illuftrious ;
honourable ; decorated with glory; dig-
nified with honours. Not in ufe.

Old refped.
As Ifuppofe, toward your OBce ^/oyiV friend.
My fon, now captivate, hither hath informd
Your younger Icei, while mine call back with age
Came lagging after. Milton's Argonijlet.

GloRIFICa'tion. It. f. [glorijicalion.
French, from glorifj.] The ad of giving
glory.

At opening your eyet, enter upon the day with
thankfgiving for the prefervation of you the lad
night, with the glorijictttion of God for the works of
the creation. Taylor.

To GLO'RIFY. v. a. [glori/er, French ;
glcrifico, Latin.]

1. To procurehonour orpraife toone.

Two fuch lilver currents, when they join,
^o gloryfy the banks that bound them in. Shake/.

Jullice IS their virtue : that alone
Makes them fit furc, and glorifies ilie throne.

Daniel.

2. To pay honour or praife in worihip.

God is glorijifd when fuch his excellency, above
all tilings, IS with due admiration acknowledged.

Hooker.

This form and manner of glorifying Cod was not
at that time tirft begun ; but received long before,
and allcdged at that time as an argument for the
truth. Hooker.

Good fellow, tell us here the circumftance.
That we for thee mt^ glorify the Lord. Sbakeff.

All nations fkiW gUrify thy name. Pf. Ixjxvi. 9.

Our bodies with whivh the apollle commands us
Xogkrify God, as well a with out fouls.

Duly of Man.

This isthe pcrfcftion of every thing, to attain in
true and proper end ; and the end of all thrfe gifts
and endotvinenis, which God hath given us, is to
gUrify the giver. Tilloifon.

3. To praife; to honour ; to extol.
Whomfocver they find lobe mofl liccnliousof life,

defperate in all parts of difobcdience and rebellious
difpofition, him they fct up and glorify. Spenfer.

No chymilt yet thcelixii got,
But glorf its his pregnant pot,'
If by the way to him befall.
Some odoriferous thing, or med'cinal. Donne.

4. To exalt to glory in heaven j to raife
to celclUal beatitude.

G'\. O

If God be glorified in him, God (hall alio glorify
"im in himfelf and (hall ftr^ightway j/orj/y him.

JO. xiii,j^2.
Whom he juilified, them he kMogloriJitd. . ,

Rom, viii.'jo.
The memtiers of the church remaining, being
peTie£lly fandlified, ITi-iU be c'crwM'i glotifed ; thci^
Ihali the whole church be truly and perfedlly holy.

• . . PearfoK,

The foulybeiog immortal, ,will, atibme time 'or
other, refome its body again in a glorified manner.
, Ajliffe's Parergon.

GLO'RIOUS. adj. [glorh/us, Lztin-^glo-
jv>«:^.. French.]

1. Boaftful ; proud ; haughty ; oftentatious.

Otoriosis followers, who make thcmfelves as trum-
pets of the commendation of thofe they follow, taint
bufinefs for want of fccrecy. Bacon.

They that are glorious muft needs be fa&ious ; for
for all bravery (fands upon comparifons. Baconi

2. Noble; illuftrious; excellent. It is fre-
quently ufed by theological writers, to
exprefs the brightnefs of triumphant
fanftity rewarded in heaven.

Let them know that thou art Lord, the only God,
and glorious over the whole world. Dan. iii. zz.

He is glorious in refpeft of the brightnefs and
fplen^Bprofhis celeftial body ftill made more glorious
and majellick by the authority which his father
hath committed to him of the univerfal Judge.

Nelfoii.

Impartial juftice holds herequal fcales,
'Till ftronger virtue does the weight incline ;
If over thee thy glorious foe prevails,
He BOW defends the caufe that once was thine.

Prior.

Let us remember we are Cato's friends.
And ail like men who claim that glorious title.

Addif. Cato.

She muft ftand amongll the firft fervants of God
and be rloriout amongll thofe that have fought the
good fignt. Datv,

If there be nothing fo glorious as doing good, if
there is nothing that makes us fo like to God, then
nothing can be fo glorious in the ufe of our money,
as to ufe it all in works of love and goodncfs.

Laxu.

Glo'riously. ad'v, [from gloriout.] No-
bly ; fplendidly ; illuftrioully.

They infpire with thofe celeltial flames which
(hinc (o glorioufly in their works. Dryden,

Great wits fometimes may glorioufly ofliend.
And rife to faults truecriticks dare not mend.

Glo'ry. n. f. [gloire, French; gloria^''
Latin. Among the old poets it was ufed
fometimes as one fyllable, ^/orc .]

1. Praife paid in adoration.

Glory to God in the higheft. Luke. ii. 14.

2. The felicity of heaven prepared for thofe
that pleafe God. ^

Thou Ihalt guide me with . thy counfel, and aftlcr.
wards receive me into thy glory. Pfai, Ixxiif. 14.

Then enterintog/oi^, and refume
His feat at God's right hand, exalted high
Above all names in heav'n. Million's I'aradlfe Lofl.

It is hardly polTiWc lor jou to bcfeech and inireaC
God to make any one happy in the higheft enjoy-
ments of his glory to all eternity, and yet be troublcJ
to fee him enjoy the much fmaller gifts of God, in
tliis Ihort and low Hate ol human life.

Laiv,

3. Honour; praife; fame; renown; cele-
brity.

Think it noglory to fwell in tyranny. Sidney.

Glory is like a circle in the water,
Whichnevcr ceafeth to enlarge iifelf,
'Till by broad fpreading it difpeife to nought.

'^ Sbak.H.Vl.

And with that word and warning foon was dight.
Each (bidier longing for near coming gloiy,

FaiifiK.
Ifracl's bright fceptre far lefs glory brings.
There have been fc«t friends en earth than kings.

Cotvley.
5 R 4 Ca«

G L O

Caa vrc imagine that neither the imUtjon of pria-

• CM, orintettft, or gain in private perfoos, oi curiofity

and the defire of knowledge, or the glory of ditco-

»eries, could ever move them in tliat endlcts time to

try their fortunes upon the fea. Bunui.

Your fei's Wory 'lis to Ihine unlcnown
Of all applaule, be fondeft of your own. T^ung.

4. Splendour ; magnificence.

Solomoni in all huglory, was not arrayed like one
ofth«r«. Mait.yi.ig.

Treated fo ill chas'd from your Throac, ,
Keturningt you adorn the town ;
And with a brave reveoge do Ihsw
Their\f /jry went and came with' you. lyjlrr.

Ariltotle fays that (hould a man under ground con-

. verfe with works of art, and be afterwards brought

up into the open day, and fee the fevcrai ghrici of

the heaven and earta< he would pronounce tliem the

works of God. AJdifm't SfeHalar.

5. Luilre ; brightnefs.

Now llcepiiig flijcks on their foft fleeces lie ;
The mopn, fettne in giory, mounts the Iky. Pc/tf.
Frpoi opeaing flues may nreamii{g£/<"'jVx Ilun<^,
' And fainci cmWace thee with a love I^c nfine,

' •■ ' fojK.

6. A circle of rays which furrounds the heads
offaints in picture.

It is not a converting hut a crowning grace ; fuch
ao one as irradiates, and puts a circle oi ghrji about
the head of him upon whom it defccnds. Souit.

A fmilc plays with afurprifing agrccablenefs in the
tye, breaks out with the brightell dilVinflion, and fits
like a gim-y upon t)>c (ouoitcnaiice.

■^ '' - ■ CoUltr of tbt Af^a.

7. Pride; boaftfulnefs ; arrogance.

5y thi; v^in glory of men they entered into^ the
world, and therefore (hall they come Ihortly to an
end. <*"'fi- «yi- H

On death-beds feme in confcious ^/^Jifj
Since of the doilor in the mode they die. Toung.

8. Generous pride. ' --..,■
The fuccefs of thofe war* was too notable to be

unknown to your ears, to which all worthy fame
hath ghry to come unto. _ Sidney.

To Glo'ry. "v. n. S^glorior, Latin.] To
boaft in ; to be proud of.

\yiih like judgement g/cry/'^j when he had hap-

ened to do a thing well, as when he had performed
me notable mifchicf. Sidnty.

They were wont, in the pride of their own pro-
ceedings, to g/oyj, that whereas Luther did but blow
*way the rooi, and Zuinglius batter but the walls of
popilh fuperftition, the laft and hardell work of all
remained, which was to rate up the very ground and
iouodaiion oi popery. Hi'yier.

Let them look ihcyg^iy not in mifchief.
Nor build their evils on the graves of great men ;
For then my guiltlcfs blood mull cry againft them.

Si>ake/f.
Your glorying is not good. 1 Cor. v. 6.

Thou haft fccii mount Atlas,
While ftorms and tempers thunder on its hrowi
And oceans break their billows at \u feet,
Itltaods unmov'd, iudgioriei in its height.

' AJdi/.Cato.

This title of Freeholder is what I mod glory in,
and what rood efieflually calls to my mind the hap-
cine& of that government under whch 1 live.

Addifon*s Frer bolder.

If others mv] glory in their birth, why may not

we, whofo parents were called by Uod to attend on

bun at his alur ? Aiterinry.

No one is out of the reach of miifortune ; no one

therefore (hoMglory in his profperity. Clarijfa.

TaGlose. "v. a. To Hatter; to collogue.

Hanmtr
See 7b Gi.oze.
GLOSS. »./. [yA«rr«; glofe, French ]
1. Afcholium ; a comment.

Xhey never hear fcntcnce, which mentioneih the
word or fcripiure, but forthwith their glojfei upon it
arc the word preached, the fcripturc explained, or
delivered unto us in jcrmons. Hooker.

If then all fouls, both good and bad, do teach.
With gco'ral voice, that fouls can never die ;
'Tis not man's flatt'ring gloj', but nature's fpeech,'
Which, like God'iotadcs, can neverhe, D^ie:

Some mutter at ec^'taif paf^Tagcs therein, by f^t(ln i 74^ T n
iU glojjit upon the teat, and taking with tb« leu I ^tUI thou
h.ind what I ofiir with the riglit ffouitl. I ■

G L O

■ Hoy,ll. I

All this, without 3Lgl' /^ 01 comnvint.
, Hecpw^d unriddle in « n

in many places he It
hh gloj/is, ini intcrpiclfl my wMii iiuo bia^flicniy
anUoawdry, of which they were not Ruilty.

. "^ ■' Dryder.*s ratles^ Preface.

They give the fcandal,»nd the wifedifcernt
Their r/i^r teach an age toa apt to leai:ii. Dry^<n.

Explaining the text, in ihortj/o^r, was Accy.^fius's
method. ffaktr an Learni/ig.

Indentures, cov'nants. --•■-'-■ •' -y draw,
Large as the fields then; i-gerfar '■

Th^n civil codcswith .ili . _, 1 att-'j. iPJope.

I. Superficial luftre. In this f««f«JJt foems
to have arxpther dijrrvation ; it has perh^s
fome q^itjr tqglifvt.

■Hjj iron coat all - "••■■•'' mft,. . ,1

Was i;nJt;rijcalh ■ U ■- '

Whole gl(ltering^,_ :.,:.■": i iiWiy^^dgft.

.t.'.vji -;:i' ,jr. (;■- iv.T t":'!"* * ^ti/yf-
.V*!."^ V-Ywiiire a feflary,

.: JI>«'»th*pUin,tH(|h : yoM».|>»lp«ed«^<ift«vers,
'Toi.men that unJctlWld, you, Miord» and. vicaku^fi.

Golden opinions from|all fcjr's <ff pijoplc.
Which fljould be \yorp DOW intli«i;neiy.efts/«/3.

Shaki/f.

The doubt will te whether it will polilh fo well f

for &ft\ glojjit are more rcfplendent than plates of

brafs'. 'Bacfn.

Weeds that the wind didtoft ■' ■"'■^■'
The virgins wore : the y^utJui woven coats, thatcaft

a faint d\mglo/i.
Like that of oil. Ciapmaa'i Iliads

It was the colour of devotion, giving a luftre to
reverence, and a glofi to humility. South.

Groves, fields, and meadows, are at any. fcafon
pleafant to look upon ; but never fo much as in the
ojJening of the Spring, wheel they are all new and
frelh, with their firft ghfi upon them.

Addifon'i SfeSfator.

3. An interpretation artfully fpecipua; a
fpecious reprefentation. '1 his fenfe feems
to partake of both the former.

Poor painters oft with filly poets join.
To fill the world with ftrange but vain conceit ;
One brings the ftutf, the other (lamps the coin, j
Which breeds nought elfe hMgh£es of cectit., '

rti Sidney.

It is no part of my fecret meaning to draw you
hereby into hatred, or tO fet upon the face of this
caufe any fairer g/o/i than the naked tnith doth af-
ford. Hooker, Prsface.

He feems with forged quaint conceit
To fet a gloJ! upon his bad intent. Shakejfeare.

The common glofs
Of theologians. Milton.

•To Gloss, w. it, [^h/er, French from the

1 noun.]

j \ . To comment.

i Thou dciain'ft Btifeis in thy band).

By ptieftly gloffing on the god's commands. Dryd.
iz. To make fly remarks.
I Her equals firft obferv'd her growing leal.

And laughing ^/o/i'*/, that Abta ferv'd fo well.

Prior.

\To Gloss t. a.

' I. To explain by comment.

In parchment then, large as the fields, he draws,
AlTurances, big as ^/((/j'</ civil laws. Donne.

z. To palliate by fpecious expofition or re-
prefentation.

( I< this theparadife, in defcriptionwhereof fomuch
glojfing and deceiving eloquence hath been fpent f
'*^ Hooker's Sermon i.

Do I not reafon wholly on your conduti ?
You have the art loghifs the foulcft caufe. Pbilipt.

3. To cmbellilh with fupcrficialluftic.

B«t thou, who lately of the coromjaftraitt
Wert one of us, if ftill thou doll retain
The fame ill habits, the faipe follies 100,
Cloji'doiti only with a faint-like fhow,

refurae the freedom which I, gif/tt- . i O

art bound ip vice, and, ftiU a llavc.

Djyden; P^rf.
V. n. f, [glo^arium^ Latin ; guf-
mch'j A diftionary of oliwuxe
m «,. liquated Words.

^i^cording to Varro, when dehlnrum was fppl'vlcl
(1) a place, it Ijgnified fuch a,on«, ig 'jut dei Jimu/a-
chrum dedicatum ^ ; and tll^ in the old lUJfarift,^

Sti/lhgjfrer.
CAuld add anoihec w^d to tb«^^<i'';;'" Aatrr.

JGx.ossa'tor. m./: [^ofatujir it xcndu {torn
gJo/i.] A wntei o^ glolSa ; a comi^an-

. tator.

, not ,
office _.
an evidence
two judges ?•

3r-'ii:i';> -I
Sy ihea(5?rtioii 1

: ' ; udge dpcs
j;u;c of jud:i - :aul"c his

> ::k^ judgmcir , j become

but why may not the fame be faiJ of
Therefore, in this re^ieill, the gi'/.
yi//w'j opinion muft be (alfe. Aylijfe,

Glo!sse8. »./. \gl'iffariitt, LBtin.}

1 . A fcholiaft ; a commentator.

2. A polilher.

Gto'ssmiss. »./. [from^/a2>'.J Smooth
poliib ; fuper£cial luHre

Their furlaccs had a fmooihnefi and glojpntft
much furpaifing whatever X had oblcrvcd in marine
or common fait- Boyle.

Glo'ssographer.w./. y^^o-<«andyf«^(«.]

A fcholiaft ; a commentator.
Gl-o'ssp(!R A P HY.Jt.f. [yTLtKrira and yj aflw'.l

Th^w'ritjrig of commentaries.
Glcssv. aJj. [from glo/T-j Shining ;
frnootlily polimed.

There came towards us a perfoo of place ; he had
on him a gown with wide fleevet ; of a kind of water
cainblct, of an excellent azure colour, tar more gloJjl)i
than oucs. Bacon.

The reft entire
Shone with a gli^y fcurf. Milton.

Hi^furCoat was a bearlkin on hisback ;
Hrs hair hung long behind, and gl^^ raven black.

Dryden.
Myfelf will fearch our planted grounds at home.
For dowuy peaches and the g:oJ[y plum. Dryden.
GLOVE. «. /. [slope, Saxon, hloffue,
Danilh, todividc.J Cover of the hand.

They flew about like chaff in the wind ;
Forhafte fome left their mafks behind.
Some could not flay itx\x gloves to find. _

Dryden.

While g/»i'« were on his hands, and on his head

A wreath of laurel. Dryden.

To Glove. 11.0. [from the noun.] To
cover as with a glove.

My limbs,
Weakcn'd with grief, being now enrag'd with grief».
Are thrice themfelves : hence thcrclore, thou nice

crutch ;
A fcaly gauntlet now, with joints of fteel,
Muft glove this hand. Shakefpean'i Henry IV.

The next he preys on is her palm.
That alm'ncr of tianfpiring balm ;
So foft, 'lis air but once rcmov'd ;
Tender as 'twere a jelly g/t>7;'</, CleavelanJ.

GloVer. «. /. [iiomgltn.e.'l One whofc
trade is to make or fell gloves.

Does he not wear a great round beard like a
glover's paring knife. Sbakeff.

to G1.QVT. v., n, [A Jow word of wJbich I
find no etymology.] To pout ; to look,
fullcn. It is (till ufed in Scotland.

She lurks inmidil cf all herden, aiul llreaka
From out a ghaUly whirlpool all Xiu i\ec)(s,
Where, glov-tiig round her rock, 10 tijh (lie falls.

Cbapnttin.
Clouting with fullen fpightj the fury (hrxik
Her dotiea locks, and blafted with each look.

Garti.

TV GLOW, <«..». [jlofsfl* Saxon; gke^^en,

Duteh.]
,1. To be heatedfo as to Ihine without flame.

But

G L O

Bat fithenc* filence IcSbneth not my fire,
Bijt.told it flames, and hidden it does g/mtr,
I will reveal what ye (o rnui-h defire. Sfenfer.

'Hifr goodly eyes,
That o'er the lilcs and murters of the war
\{isa gkiu' J. like pUicd Mjrs, now bend, now Mm
Their offio; upon j. tawny iroDt. Si^krff.

Kuoiguad, wife to the Emperor Henry II. tofliow
her innocency, did take fcveo g/cw/rj frons, one
after another, in her bare hands, and had thereby no
harm. Haie-wiU.

Not aU parts like, but all alike isfbrm'd.
With radiant light, as rlrwir.r iron with fire.

2. To 5«n with vehement heat.

Not wci:l ■ . '' ' --'' 'ocompofe
The mctti- ■ iheirnoftrils flows

Thefcotch..-^ --- .; entraiKj/otui.

. ' . ■ . . Adiiiftn^i Ovi'J,

How op'ning heav'ns their happy regwDa (how.
And yawaing gulpbi with flAmiog venguuce glnu.

Smiri.
fim that g/m/,
Shfieks ot woe. ' Pcft.

3. To feel heat of body.

Did not his lon^ln fflem
Is the lime I'ultry wiiids and fcoiching heat? >

jUJJ/. Cato.
The axi flnks TwUily iboougb hil glavung hands.

Gay.

4. To exhibit a ftrong bright colour.

With fmile that gh-ui'd
Celeilial rofy red, love', proper hue. Milton.

Clad in a gov.-n that gl:Vit with Tyrian tays.

Drydcn.
A miXtacmyri,
Whofered and fiety beamtcaft through your vifage
A gltmHUg pleaCuir, Drydtn and Ln't 0-Jifu».

I'lom the miiitlid ftrtngih of Ihade and lijht,
Anewcre-j- my fi?htj

Such heav': -u h:« pencil flow,

So warm Willi inc r.n u. ended colours ;/m>,
Amidft the foft variety I'm lolt Addifm.

tike th' ethereal gh^u'd the green expmle.

Havagi'.
Fair idcu Sow,
Suikc in the (ketch, or in tlie piclure j/aui. Pofe,

Not the fair fruit that on yon branches gl'i-wi,
With ihit ripe red th' autumnal fun ^ftows.
Can move the god; Poft,

Each pleafmg Blount (hall endlefa frailes be(low,
Atid fair Belinda's lilulTi forever g/otv. Pupe,

Here dearer ftars^/sic round the frozen pole.

Poft.

5. To feel paflion of mind, or aftivity of
fancy.

You ftrive in vaio
To hide your thoughts front him, who knew too well
The inward g/ettunp of a heart in love.

Addifan't Cala.

Torc'd compliments and formal bows
Will (hew thee juft abcve ncglecl j
The fire with which iliy bver g^om.
Will fettle into cold refpeft. Prhr.

Did Shadrach's ztiU my g/nwing breaft infpire
To weary tortures, and rejoice in hre. Prior.

Let the gay confciencc of a life well fpcnt
Calm ev'ry thought, iiifpirit ev'ry grace,
C/fW in thy heart, and fmile upon tby face. Pope.

With furies furrounded,
X>efpairing, confounded.
He trembles, he gloius,
Amidft Rhodope'sfnows. Pofx.

So perilh all, whofe breafti ns'er learn'd tog/on
For others good, or melt at others woe. Popf.

To piaifeis always hard.
When real firtoe fires the g/jtu/;if bard. Lnvit.

6. To rage or burn as a paflion. '

A fire which every windy pallion blows;
With piide it mounts, and with revenge it g/ovit.

DrydtK.

When crept into aged veins»
Lgre (lowiy bunu. and longrcmaitu ;
It g/o^tf and with a fullen heat.
Like fire in loj5, it warms us long. Shadwdl.

7o Gi.-ow. "J. a. To make hot fo at to
ttiinet , Not in ufe.

Gf'L U

On each fide her
Stood pretty dimpled boy5, like fmiling Cupid?,
With divers coloui'd funs, whofe v/fnd did ic^m
to glow the delicate checks which they did cool.

Glow. »./. [from the verb.}

1. Shining heat.

2. Vehemence of paffion.

3. Brightnefs or vividnefs of colour.

The pal« complcxioti of true kive.
And the red glow of (corn and proud difdain.

SW:<fp.

A waving ^/^T*' his bloomy beds difplay.

Blufhingin bright diverdties of day. Pope,

Such as fuppofc that the great (tile might happily

be bl':aded with the ornamental, that th: fimple,

grave, and majedii; dignity of Raffaelle could unite

with ihsglovj and buttle of a J^aulo, or Tintoiet, are

totally mutal^cn. U.eynalds.

Glo'wworm. n.f. \ gloio ■a.a\ ivorm.^ A

fmali creeping grub with a luminous tail.

The honey h.igs iteal from the humble bees.
And for night-tapers crof^theip waxen thighs.
And light ibcra at the hery glowzi-orm's eyes.

Shalufpearc.

TYic glffuv-'orja Ok\v% the mattin to be near.
And 'gins to pale bis inetfe^lual tire. Sb.iMcfp,

A great li^lit drowneth a fmaller that it cannot be
feen; as tjic/un that of igloxvutonn. Bacon.

The man, -who 6r(l upon the ground
A gLzrTjuorm Ipy'd, (uppoling he had found
A moiing diamond, a breathing ftone ;
Fur life it had, and like ihofe jewels (hone :
He held it dear, 'till by the fpringingday
Informed, he threw the worthleCi worm aMny.

ffalltr.

To Gloze. 1;. n. [5le|-an, Saxon.]

1. To flatter; towhecille; to infinuate ; to
fawn.

Man will hearken to his gloajng liei,
And cafily tianfgrefs. Milion't Varadife Loft.

So glo^'d the tempter, and his proem tun'd :
Into the heart of Eve his words made way. Milian.

A {ii(c glusLiiig parafite would call his foolhardi-
nefs valour, and then he may go on boldly, beeauCe
blindly, and by miltaking hirnfelf for a lion, come
to pcrilh like an aft. Souib.

Now for a glozjfig ('peech,
l?air proieftationt, Ipccious marks of friendfhip.

Piilipi.

2. To comment. This (hoold bc^/e/r.

Which Saiique land the French unjuitly gl^^
To be the realm erf' France, Sbakrfp.

Gluze. »./. [from the verb.]

1. Flattery; infinuation.

Now to plain dealing ; lay thefe^/oz" by.

2. Specious (how ; glofstlftot ufed.

Precious couches full oft are ihaked with a fever ;

If then a bodilyevil in a hodiU gloT.e be not hidden.

Shall fuch morning dews be au cafe to the heat of a

lovci 's tuc ? Sidiiey.

Glo'zer. »./. \itom gloze. 1 A flatterer.
GLUE. n.f. [glu, J'rench, gluten, Latin,
gittd, Wel(h.] A vifcous body commonly
made by boiling the (kins of animals to a
. gelly ; any vifcous or tenacious matter by
which bodies are held one. to another;
a cement.

Water and all liijuon, do hallily receive dry and
more tcrrcflr'al bodies proportionable; and dry bo-
dies, on ihe other fide, drink in waters and liijuors :
. fo that, as it was well laid by one of the ancicnu of
earthly and watery fubltaoccs, one is a glufXa ano-
ther. Bacon's Naunal Hijiory.
The dricii and mod Iraofparcnt glut ii the belt.

Moxon.
To build the earth did chance materials chufc.
And through the parts cemeiuing glue dilfufc.

Hlackmorc.

The flowers of grains, nixed with water, will

make a fdrt oi glut, Attmbuoi on AlimtnU.

To Glue. -v. a. [from the noun.]
I. To join with a vifcous cemcnti

G L tr

' I fear thy overthrow

More than my body's parting with my foul t
My love and kirglu'd many friends to thee.

Sb.,i^/p. ilnryVf.
Whofo teacheth a fool is as one that j/»«i6 a pot-
(herd together.

Ecc/e/. xxn, 7.
The cuftom of crowning the Holy Virgin is fo
much in vogue among the Italians, that one oftea
fees in their churches a little tinfel crown, or a circle
of (Urs, glued to the canvafs over the bead of the
figure. Addifin on Italy,

Moft wounds, if kept ctean, and from the air,
the flelh will glue together with its own native balm.

Dtrkam.

2. To hold together.

The parts of all h^mogeneal hard bodies, which
fully touch one another, Itick together very (Irongly ;
and for explaining how this may be, fome have
invented hooked atoms, which is begfing the qiief.
lion ; and others tell us their bodies arc glued to-
gether by reft; that is, by an occcult tjuality, or ra-
ther by nothing. Nnulon'i Opt.

3. To join; to unite; to invifcate.

Thofe wafps in a honeypot are fcnfual men
plunged in their hi(ts and picafures; and when they
are once glued to them, 'tis a very hard matter to
work theinfelvcs out. L'Eftrange,

Intemperance, ("enfuality, and flelhly lu(b, do
debafe mens minds and dog their Ipirits ; fink us
down into fenfe, aai glue us to thofe low and infe-
rior things. tillotfon.

She curb'd a groan, that elfe had come ;
And pauling, view'd the prefcnt in the tomb:
Then to the heart ador'd devoutly glu'd,
Her lips, and, raifiog it, her fpe^^h renew'd.

Dryien^

I hear thee, view thee, gaze o'er all thy charms.
And round thy phantom ^/». ray clafping arms.

Poft

Glu'eboiler. w.y; [^f/vf and ^»/.] One
whofe trade is to make glue.

Glu'er. n.j. [from^/r<f.] One who ce-
ments with glue.

Glum. adj. [A low cant word formed
by corrupting gloom.^ Sullen ; ftubborni/
grave.

Some, when they hear a (lory, look glum, and
cry. Well, what then > Guardian.

To GLUT. 11. a. \engloutir, F;«nch ;
glulio, Latin ; to fwallow ;. y.?ii'^«>.]

1. To fwallow; to devour.

'Till cramm'd and gorg'd, nigh burft
With fuck'd and glutted otTal. Miltcn,

2. To clay ; to (ill beyond fulficiency; to
fate ; to difguft.

The amba(rador, making his oration, did fo mag-
nify the King and tjueen, as was enough to ^/i^r the
hearers. Bacon.

Love breaks friendOiip,
Feed, but not £;/«/ our appetites. Denbaitt,

What way remove
His fettled hate, and reconcile his love,
That he may look propitious on our toils,
.^nd hungry graves no more be glutted with our fpoils ,

Dry den.
No moiT, my friend ;
Here let our glutted execution end. Drydtn's y£«,

1 found
The fickle ear foon glutted with the fount},
Concicmn'd eternal changes to purfue,
'I'ir'd with the laft, and eager of the new. Hope,

3. To feaft or delight even to fatietj».

With death's carcafeg/»/ the grave. Milton,,

His faithful heart, a bloody, facritice,.
. Tom from his brealt, to glut the tyraot'seyes.

Dfydent
A fylvan f«cne, which, rifing by degrees,
Leads up the eye below, nor gluts the light
' With one full profpciS; but iuvites by many.

To view at lalt the whole. Drjjtiti

,4. To overfill; to load;

He attributes the ill fuccefs of either party to

their f/tf/r/ff^ the market, and retailing too much of

) a bad conunediiy at »ncc>/ Arbuthnot,

G L U

5. To faturate.

The menftruum, being ilKjdy ^lutlti, ebuU
not ai£l povrtrfully ensugh ti> difTolve it. Bylt.

GtUT. n. /. [from the verb.]

1. That which is gorged or fwallowed.

DiigorgcJ foul
Their devilifh g!ul, chaia'd thunderbolts, and hall
Of iron globes. Mihtn'i ParaJife Lojl,

2. Plenty even to loathing and fatiety.

So death
Shall be deceiv'd hhi^lut ; and with u$ two
Be forc'd to falisfy his rav'nous maw. Mi/lM.

Let him bur fee the one in balance againd the
01 her, and he (hall find hirafclf miferable, even in
the »ery g/»f of hit delighis. L'EJlrangc.

A glut of (ludy and retirement in the tirit part
of my lifei call me into this ; and this will throw me
again into ftudy and retirement. Pofe to Stvift,

3. More than enough ; overmuch.

If you pour a glut of water upon a bottle, it re-
ceives little of it. Ben Jonfon's Difco-vnies.

4. Any thing that fills up a paffage.

The water fome fuppofe to pa(s from the bottom
jof the fea to the heads of fprings, through certain
fubterranean conduits or channels, until they were
by fame glut, (top, or other means, artefted in their
paiTage. ff'oodivard.

■GLUnriNOUS. a.ij. [gluUneux, French;
from gluten, Latin.] Gluy ; vifcous;
tenacious.

Xhecaufc of all vivification is a gentle and pro-
portionable heat, working upon a gtutinout and
yielding fubfiance ; for the heat doth bring forth
fpirit in that fubllance, and the fubftancc being glu-
tinous, produceth two cfFedls; the one that the (pirit
'is detained, and cannot break forth ; the other, that
the matter, being gentle and yielding, is driven
forwards by the motion of the fpirits, after fome
fwelling, into (hape and members. Bacort.

Next this marble venom'd feat,
Smear'd with gums oi glulinout heat. Millor.

Nouriihmeat too vifcid and^/u//mw to befubdued
by the vital force. Arbulhmt on Aliments.

Glu'tinousNess. n. /.. [(lom gluliaous.]
'Vi'fcofuy.; tenacity.

There is a refinance in fluids, which may arife
from their ela(licity,^/<(;;««/>:./i, and the friilion
of their parts. Cbeyni.

Glu'tton. »./. \glouton, French; from

glutio, Latin, to Avallow.]
1. One who indulges himfelf too much in
eating.

The Chinefe eat horfefleih at this day, and fome
gluttons have ufed to have catsflelh baked. Bacon.

Through Macer's gullet (he runs down
While the vHc gluitwi dines alone j
And, void of modelly and thought.
She follows Bibo's endlefs draught. Prior.

Ui glutton was to fay in cxcufe of his gluttony,
that he only eats fuch things as it is lawful to eat,
he would make as good an excufe for himfelf as the
greedy, covetous, ambitious tradefman, that (hould
fay, he only deals in lawful bufincfs. Imw.

3. One eager of any thing to excefs.

The relt bring home in ftate the happy pair
,To that laft fcene of blifs, and leave ihem there ;
All thofe free joys infaiiably to prove,
,Wiih which rich beauty fealls the ;/u/(i>ff love.

Ce^v/rji.
Gluttons in murder, wanton to deftroy.
Their tatal arts fo impiourty employ. Granville.
?"« Glutton'ise. rv. n. [from glutton.]

To play the glutton ; to be luxurious.
Glu'ttonous. rti^'. [from p'/////o«.] Given
to exceffive feeding; dchghted over-
much with food.

When they would fmile and fawn upon his debts.
And uke down ih' inierclt in \.hiugluti'nous maws.

Sbakefpeate.
The exceeding luiuiioufnefs of this j/i<r/e«»t age,
wherein we prefs nature with ovcrwnghty burdens,
and finding her ftrcngth defeflive, we Ijke the work
.lOut of her hands, and commit it to the arilfKial
vfaclp of ftiong wauri. Raleigh.

G N A

Well obferve
The rule of not too much, by temperarice taught
In what thou cat'A and drink'ft; fceking from thence
Due nourilhment, no gluttonous itW^l. Milton.
Glu'ttonouslv. aJ'v. [irom gluttonous,]

With the voracity of a glutton.
Glu'itony. »./. \gltitciiie, French; from
glutton,'] Excefs ot eating ; luxury of the
table.

Gluttony, a vice in a great fortune, a curfe in a
fmall. HoliJiy.

Their {^mptuous gluttonies and gorgeous fcalls.
On citron tables or Atlantick ftone. Milton,

Well may they fear fome miferable end.
Whom gluttony and want at once attend. Dry Jen.

The inhabitants of cold moift countries are ge-
nerally more fat than thofe of warm and dry; but the
moll common caufe it too great a quantity of food,
and too fmall a quantity of motion ; in plain Englilh,
gluttony and lazinefs. Arbutbnot.

Gvv'y, ai/J, [frota glue,] Vifcous; tenaci-
ous.; glutinous.

It is called balfamick mixture, becaufe it is a gluy
fpumous matter. Harvey on Con/.

With gluy wax fome new foundations lay
Of virgin combs. Dryden's Ann. Mirai.

Whatever is the compolition of the vapour let it
have but one quality of being very gluy or vifcous,
and it will mechanically folve all the nhfenoinena of
the grotto. Addijon.

GLTN. n. f, [Irilh ; gleann, gljn, plur.
Erfe; glemt, Scottifh ] A hollow be-
tween two mountains.

Though he could not beat out the Irilh, yet he
did (hut them up within thofe two narrow corners and
glyni under the mountain's foot. Sfen/er,

To Gnar. It;. ». [jnyjifian, Saxon;
ToGnarl. J inonen, Dutch.] To growl;
to murmur; to fnarl.

When he 'gan to rear his briftles llrong,
And felly gnar, until day's enemy
Uid him appeaie. Spenfer,

Thus is the fliepherd beaten from thy fide.
And wolves axtgnarling who (hall gnaw thee firil.

Shaktff.
Gnarling forrow hath lefs power to bite
The man that mocks at it, and fets it light.

Sbakejf. Rich. U.
Tht gnarrii.-g porter durft not whine tor doubt;
Still were the furies while their fovereign fpcke.

Fairfax.

Gna'kled. ailj. [g'tar, nar, or nurr, is in
Staffordfhire a hard knor of wood which
boys drive with flicks.] Knotty.

Merciful heav'nl
Thou rather with thy (harp and fulph'rous bolt
Split'll the unwedgahle and g/rar,'ed o»k.
Than the foft myrtle. aiaie/p. Meaf.for Meaf_

To Gnash, 'v, a. \knafcken, Dutch.-] To
ftrike together; to clalh.

The feer, who could not yet this wrath alfwage,
Row'd his green eyes, that Iparkl'd with his rage,
And gnajb'd his teeth. Dryd. Vitg.

To Gnash, v, n.

1 . To grind or collide the teeth.

He Ihall g«n/h with his teeth, and melt away.

Pf. cxii. 10.
There Ihall be weeping and gnajhing of teeth.

.Mattb. viii.

2. To rage even to collifion of the teeth ;
to fume ; to growl.

His great iron teeth he ftill did grind.
And grimly gnajb, threatning revenge in vain.

Spenfer.
They gnajbed upon me with their teeth.

P/.-axi. 16.
They him laid
Gnajkhg for anguirti, and defpite and Oiame,
To find himfelf not matchlefs. Milton.

With boiling rage Atridcs burn'd.
And foam betwixt h\% gnajhing ^tiaitn cbum'd.

Dryden,

GNAT. ». / [^nset, Saxon.]

G O

1, A fraairwingcd flinging infedl.

Her whip of cricket's bone, the la(h of film;
Her waggoner, a fmall grey-coated grat.

Sbakefpeate.

2. Any thing proverbially fmall.

Ye blind guides, which firain at a gnat and fwaf.

low a camel. Mat. xxiii, 2^.

Gna'tflower. tt./.{giiatznAf!invcr,] A

flower, otherwife called the beeflower.
Gna'tsnapper. «./. [gnat ini fftof,] A
bird fo called, becaufe he lives by catch-
ing gnats.

They deny that any bird is to be eaten whole, but
only the gnalfnafper. tiakev-'iU on I'nruidmee.

To Gnaw. i>. a. [3na5an, Saxon; knaghen,
Dutch.]

1. To eat by degrees; to devour by flow
corrofion.

A knowing fellow, that would gravi a man
Like to a vermine, with his hellilh braine.
And many an honed foule, even quick had (lain.

Cbapman,
To you fuch fcabS'd harlh fruit is given, as raw
Young I'oldiers at their exetcifmgs gnaw.

Drjd. Jhv.

2. To bite in agony or rage.

Alas, why gtiatxi you fo your nether lip \
Some bloody palfion ihukes your very frame

Sbakefp. Olhetto.
They gnawed their tongues for pain.

Rev. xvi. 10.
He comely fell, and dying gnatu'd the ground.

Dryden.

3. To wear away by biting.

Gnaicing with my teeth my bonds afunder,
I gain'd my freedom. Sbakr/p. Comedy of Errours,

Like rotten fruit I fall, worn like a cloth,
Cnazvn into rags by the devouring moth. Sandys.

A lion, hamper'd in a net, called to a moule to
help him out of the fnare : the moufe gnawed the
threads to pieces, and fet the lion at liberty.

L'Efirangr.

4. To fret ; to wafle ; to corrode.
J. To pick with the teeth.

His bones clean ptck'd ; his very bones they gnavi.

Drydtn.

To Gnaw, v, n. To exercife the teeth. It
is now ufed aftively.

I might well, like the fpaniel, gnavj upon the

cham that ties me ; but I Ihould (boner mar ra/

teeth than procure liberty. Sidney.

See the hell of having a falfe woman : my bed

(hall be abufed, my tolTers ranfacked, my reputation

,^™w« at. Shakefpeare.

1 thought I faw a thoufaod fearful wrecks,

A thoufand men that &iiiti gnav' d upon.

Shakefp. Richard in.
Gna'wer. n,f, [from gnaiu,] One that

gnaws.
Gno'mon. »./ [ytafkm.] The hand orpin
of a dial.

The gnomon of every dial is fiippofed to repre-
fent the axis of the world, and therefore the two ends
or extremities thereof muft direflly anfwer to the
North and South pole. Harris,

There were from great antiquity fun-dials, by the
(hadow of a ftyle or gnomon, denoting the hours of
the day. bro-iun.

Gno'monicks, m. r. [yrwftunxf,") A fciencc
which makes a part of the mathemaiicks :
it teaches to find a juft proportion of
ihadows for the conftruftion of all kinds
of fun and moon dials, an.d for knowing
what o'clock it is by means thereof ; as
alfo of a gnomon or ilile, that throws off
the>fliadow for this purpofe. Trevoux.

To GO. 1'. n. pret. Invent; I htrve gone.
[jan, Saxon. This was probably changed
to gtnie, or gang, then con trailed to
go. Went is the preterite of the old verb
we ltd,]

Ir To

GO

1 . To walk ; to move ftep by ftep.

You know that love
Will creep in fervice where it cannot ga. Shaheff.
After fome months ihofc mufcies become callous ;
and having yielded to the ejtcnfion, the patient makes
Ihift 10 ^0 upon it, thoug* lamely.

IVifemaH^s Surgery.

2. To move ; not ftand ftiJl.

Rift, let us be going. Mull, xxvi . 46.

3. To waik foleranly.

If there be caufe for the church to go forth in
folcmn procefTion, his whole family have fuch bufi-
net come upon them that no one can be fpared.

Hoihr.

4. To walk leifurely ; not run.

And muft 1 go to him ?

— Thou miilf run to him ; for thou haft ftaid fo
long, that going will fcarce fcrve the turn.
- ■ _ , ,, , Sbake/ftart.

5. To march or walk a-foot.

I will only go through on my feet. Kua.xx. 19,

6. To travel ; to journey.

From them I gv.
This uncouih errand fole. Millon.

7. To procc'd ; to make a progrefi.

Thus others we with defamation woand,
While they Itab us ; and fo the jert gon round.
_ Drjdtn.

8. To remove fiom place to place.

1 am in blood
Stept in fo far, that, Ihould I wade no more.
Returning were as tedious as ^o'er. Shakt/p.

9. To depart from a place ; to move from
a place ; the oppofite of la come.

I hope It he nntgone, to tell my lord
That 1 kifs aught but him. Sbaki/ptare.

At once, good-night :
Stand not upon the order of your going,
Bulgoatonce. Shakfjftar<'t Macitlh.

And when ihe had ^ laid (he tt/rn/ her way,

Jo. xi. 18.

1 will let you^o, that ye mayfacrificc, only you

(hall not go very faraway. Ei.. viii.i8.

Colchcrter oyften are put into pin, where the fei

gMlb and cometh. Bacon't Natural Hijiorj.

A younj tall fquire
Did from the camp at firit before him go. Co-wley.

Then I concur to lethimgo for Greece,
And wiih our Egypt fairly rid of him. Drydtn.

Co firft the malier ol thy herds to find.
True 10 his charge, a loyal fwain and kind. Pobt.

10. To move or pafs in any manner, or to
any end. .

Though the vicar be bad, or the parfon be evil,
Co not for ihy ty thing ihyfelf to the devil. TulTcr
She may go to bed when (he lill j all is as (he will.

You did wilh that I would make her turn ; "
Sit, Ihe can turn and turn, and yet goon. Sbakrfp

I am glad to fee your lordlhip abroad : I heard fay
your lordlhip was tick : I hope your lordlhip trott
abroad by advice. Sbukt/feare.

TTie mourners go about the ftreen. Eccl. xii <.

The fun (hallgs down over the prophets, and the
day (hall be dark over them. Mac. iii. 6

Put every man hi? fword by his fide, and go in a;id
out from gate to gate throughout the camp.

_ , A«. ixxii. a?.

The fun, which once did (hine alone.
Hung down his head, and wilh'd for night,
When he beheld twelve funs for one
Cling about the world, and giving light. H,rb<rl

Thisfeen, the reft at awful diftance ftood.
As if they had been there as fervants fei.
To ftay, or logo on, as he thought good.
And not putfue, but wait on his relreni. Dryd

Turn not children go/ng, liHyou have given them
all Ihe fatisfiaion they arc capable of. Ijxke

Hiftory only acquaints us that his .Icet -wen, up the
fclbe, he having carried his arms as far at that ri wr.

The Uft advice 1 give you relates to your \!ih'i^\.
cur when you are going to be hanged, which, either
for robbing your mailer, for boufebreaking, ox noirr
upon tbc highway, may very probably be your lot
SiMiji'% Vireaiont to a faotn

G O

Footman,

Thofe who come for gold will gooff with pewter
and brafs, rather than return empty. Sviift.

1 1. To pafs in company with others.

Thou (hale again be adorned with thy tabrets,
and (halt go forth in the dances of them that make

"7^- , >• "Xi. 4.

Aivay, and with thee go, the worft of woes,
ihatfeek'ft my friendlhip, and the gods thy foes.
u / . Cbapmart.

Heg5«A in company with the workers of iniquity,
and walketh with wicked men. Job

VVhalever remains in (tory of Atlas, or his king-
dom ot old, IS foobfcured with age or fables, that
It may go along witli thofe of the Atlantick irtands.
,- rp , . Temple.

iz. io proceed in any courfe of life good
or bad. *

And the Levites that are gone away far from me,

when Ifrael ■went aftray, which ivent aftray away

trom me after their idols, they Ihall even bear their

.T'^^'y- ,. E^ek. xhy.ic.

13. to proceed m mental operations.

If 1 had not unwarily loo far engaged myfclf for
theprefent publilhing it,'truely 1 Ihould have kept it
"y me till I had once again g^ne over it.

_, , , Digiy Oft tbe Soul, Dedication.

Ihus I have gone through the fpeculative con-

lideration of the Uivine Providence. Hale.

I hope, by going over all thefe particulars, you

m^' receive fome tolerable fatisfaftion about this

great fubje^. ^-^^.f^

M we go over the laws of Chriftianitv, we (hall

nnd that, excepting a few particulars, ihey enjoin

Ihe lame things, only they have made our dutv more

clear and certain. Ti'llotjon.

In their primary 9ualities we can ro but a very

''"''*'^ , Loek/.

1 go over ro.-ne parts of (his argument again, and

enlarge a little more upon them. Lock,

They are not able all their life-time to reckon, or

regularly go o»er any moderate feries of numbers.

4. To take any road.

I will go along by the highway; I will neiiher
Wh" t' ,?!'"■'>*"''• "- >° "-= Wt. i5™,. ii! "

a(k how thou doeft ? %r m e

His horfes go about • xv; j.

Almoftamile Shakcfp. Maebeth.

fre!d„™ f ?™"'?'^ •" '"^'f* "«<> 'h' eafe and
freedom of a novate fccne, where a man may go hi,
own way and his own pace. TTrnple

15. To march in a hoftile or warlike
manner.

You were advis'd his flelh was capable
Of wounds and fears, and that his (Grward fpirit
Would lift where molt the trade of danger rang'd ;
Yet did you fay go forth. Sbakcfp. Henry \ V.

We be not able to go up againll ihe people: for
they are ftronger than we. JV,„^. ,''i,i ' 7

1" us go down after the Philirtines by nigh., and
fpod them until the moniing light. ha\,, ^6

with h°m." '°^'' '^''"" ""' ^''''"*.'"' '". 4hi

The remnant of Jacob (hall be among ih,- Centfl«
as a hon among the bcifts of the foreft; who, if "
&■> through, bo,h treadeth down and tear^ih .
pieces, and none can deliver. Mi"., g"

16. To change ftate or opinion for better
or worfe.

fr«^ir'","°' '""'"" «»«'■« king's words logo
Irom our religion. \M ■

The regard of ,he publick ftate, in fo'Vreara

ttll^T'^V^- '''f^'^"''"8s. which Sr:

.rrX'e;^nd'li';t'{""""''''''f'"""'''V!''T^
Ihey look upon men and matters wiih an evil

« ftate ^'"^P'-oi*"/ °« » fcrvantof a ori'nce

All gor, (o ruin, they ihemfelves contrive -"""'
To rob ihe honey, and fubvert the hive. Dryd,n

Landed men, by their providence and good h„f'
bandry accommodating .heir e.pences to iheir in-
woTld. '' ''''""'^''" '«n'«'"''^ backwards in the

f^,.* ,, Locke.

*-aW, weall^ointoyourofinicn. AdJfon

G O

I 17. To apply one's felf.

Seeing himfelf confronted by fo many, liliea re*
lolutc orator, ht ivent not to denial, but to iultifv
his cruel falfehood. Sktle

Becaufe this aiheiftgo„ mechanically to work,"he
will not offer to affirm that all the parts of (he em-
bryon could, according to his explication, be formed
at a time. w, ,

1 8. To have recourfe to. ^'
Dare any of you, having a matter againft another, ■

go to law before the unjuft, and not before the
laints ? „

19. To be about to do.

So exiraordinary an example, in fo degenerate an
age, deferves for the rarity, and, I wtsgo/Vrg ,0.
fay, for (he incredibility of it, (he atteftation of all
that knew him, and confidered his worth. ioc*e

20. To fhift; to pafs life not quite well;

Every goldfmith, eager to engrofs to himfelf ax
much as he could, was content to pay high for if.
rather than go without. ' ^ £„4e

Cloaths they muft have ; but if they fpeak for*
this (tuff, or that colour, they Ihould be fure to no
without it. i«-it

21. To decline; to tend towards death or
ruin. This {'.nk is only in the participles
going znA go/te. ^

1? is fargow, and, truly, in my youth,
I ruffer'd much extremity for love.
Very near this. Siake/p. Hamhf,

22. lo be m party or defign.

They with the vancjuiili'd prince and parfyro.
And leave their temples empty to the foe. Jtyde"

23. Jo efcajx;.
Timotheus himfelf fell into the hands of Dofi-

theus and Soiipater, whom he befought with much
cralt to let him go with his life. 2 Mac xii 14

24. To tend to any aft.

There be fome women, Silvius, had they mark'd
him,
In parcels as I did, would have gone near
To^fall in love with him. Sbakjp. Aiyou like it

25. ']'o be uttered.

His difciples perfonally appeared among them,
and entertained the report which had gone abroad
concerning a life fo full of miracles. Addifim.

26. To be talked of; to be known.

It has the greateft (own in the iftand that roet
under the name of Ano-Caprca, and is in fevlral
places covered with a very fruitful foil. Addijom.

27. To pafs ; to be received.

Becaufe a fellow of nty acquaintance fet forth her
praifes in verfe, 1 will only repeat (hem, and fpare my
owa tongue, (ince (he g»« for a woman. ^idnej
_ And the man -went among men lor an old man
in the days ot Saul. tSa.x^u. ,1.

A kind imagination makes a bold man have vigout

and enterprixe in his air and motion: it ftamps value

upon his face, and tells the people he is (o go for

fo much. „*,,.

",.,. f. . , , Col/ter,

Clipping Ihould behnally flopped, and (he money
which remains Ihould go. according (o i(s true value.

28. To move by mechanifin.
This pope is decrepid, and the bell got/4 for him.-

Clocks will go as they are fet ; but man, .
Irregular man's never conltant, never certain.

.-r- 1 ■ . Ottvay.

'IS with ourjudgments as our watches, none
Oojurt alike, yet each believes his own. Pope.

29. To be in motion from whatever caufe.

The weyward fillers, hand in hand.
Porters ol the fea and land,
Thusdogoabour, about. Sbakefp. Macletb.

Cl.pt and wartied money goe, about, when the
entire and weigliey hcs hoarded up. IValter.

30. To move in any direftion.
Dodar, he is a curer of fouls, and you a curer

of bodies: if you Ihould fight, you go agaiirft the
hair of your proleirions. Sbal'efp.:

Sliall the Ihadow go forward ten decrees, or go
back ten degree.? zKing,xx.%.

31. I o ao w i to pafs ; to have a cour fe.

TlM.

G O

Tbe god I <m> whpfe yellow water fiowi
Arouod thcfe 6<lds, aod'faUciii » it gen,
Tyber my nimc. JJrjJtn't /£n.

J2. To have a tendency.

Alhcnuos, Vlhow
Aninft right icafon all your counfel<{«;
TnU is not fairi ooi proHubIc that,
Not t*othcr qucrtion proper for debate. Drj-i'ien.

^l. To be in a ftate of compact er p»rtncr-
fliip.

As a lion was baitridiag an ox ibat he had newly
«lucked down, a robber pafTing by cried out (o him,
half (hares ; you Ihould ^o your ihipi fays tlie lioo,
if you were cot fo lurward to b« your own carver.

L'EJfravge.

There was a hunting malch agreed upon betwixt
a lion, ao afi, and a fox, and tlicy were to j;^ equal
(buc« in the booty. L'E/lraxgt.

33. To be regulated by any method; to
proceed upon principles.

Where the multitude beareth fway, laws that (hall
tend to the prcfervatJon of that liate mult mike
common fmaller offices togD by lot, for fear of llrife
and divilions likely to aiife. Hcoker.

We are to go by another meafure. Spmii.

Thepiiacjples I there wtnl on, I fee noteaJTon to
alter. Locke,

The reafons that they t«« upon were very fpedous
and probable. Benticy.

J5. To be pregnant.

Great bellied women.
That had not half a week to go. Sbakrfp.

The fruit (he gtes wjih,
' I pray that it good time and life may find.

Shakeffeare'i Htniy VI 11.
Of living creatures fome are a longer time in the
t^omb, and foijie (horter: women jjo commonly nine
months, the cow and the ewe about fa moaths.

Bacon,

Some do go with their youn^ the fixth part of a

year or two over or under, that is, about fix or nine

weeks : and the whelps of ihefc fee not till twelve

4ays. Broun,

And now with fecond hopes (he goesi
And calls Lucina to her thriJTTyr ^ Milim.

36. To pafs ; not to remain.

She began to afflia him, and his ftitngth ivtnt
from him. Judges, xvi. 19.

When our merchants have brought them, if our
^mmodities will not be enough, our money mult go
to pay for them. Locke,

37. To paisj or be loofed ; not to be re-
rained.

Then he lets me go,
And, with his head over his (houlderturn'd.
He fcem'd to find his way without his eyes.

Shjkiff. Hamlet.
Let go the hand of that arch hcretick. Sbake/p.

38. To be expended.

Scholars are clofe and frugal pf their words, and

not willing to let any go for ornarpent, if they will

not ferve tor ufe. Fttton.

31;. To be in order of time or place.

We muJ^ enquire farther what is the connexion of
that fcniencc with thofe that go before it, and ihofe
which follow it. WatU.

.40. To reach or be extended to any degree.

Can another man perceive that I am confcious of
any thing, when 1 perceive it not rayfelf ? No ."lan's
knowledge hero can go beyond his experience.

Locke,

41. To extend to confequences.

It is not one maliet that either direfls or takes
notice of thcCe : It goe> a great way barely to permit
them. L'EJInuige,

42. To reach by efTefls.

Conftdering the chrapnefs, fo much money might
to lartlicr than a fum ten timcsgreaier could do now.

mikim,

43. To extend in meaning.

His amoutous cxpielGons g" no further than virtue
may allow. Dtydea's Ovid, Preface.

44. To fpread ; to be difperfed ; to reach.
Whofc Sclk, torn off by lumps, tlic rav'nout foe

li> morfcU cut, to uake it farther £0. 'Taif.

5

GO

45. To have influence ; to be of weight ;
t« be of value.

I had another reafbn to decline U, that ever u&s
to go far with tne upon all new invention! or expe-
riments : which is, that the beft trial of thai* it by
time, and obferving whether they live or no. 1

Ttmfle.

'Tis a rule that gift a great way iti the govcin-
ment of a (ober man's life, not to put any thing to
haaaid that may be fecured by iudallry, confider-
alion, or circumfpeflion. L'Bftrauge,

Whatever appears againft their prevailing vice
jMj for nothing, being either not applied, or pafling
lor libel and (lander. i'w///.

46. To be rated one with another; to be
confidered with regard to greater or lefs
worth.

I think, as the world goes, he was ■ good fort of
man enough. Arbutbttot,

47. To contribute ; to conduce ; to con-
cur ; to be an ingredient.

The medicines which go to the ointmenU are fo
flrong, that, if they were ufed inward;, ihey would
kill Ihofe that ufe them. Poco".

More parts of the greater wheels go (o'lhe making
one part of ibeit lines. GUnvUle's Scefjis.

There goes a great many qujli.iii;aiions to the
compleatiue this relation ; there is no fmall (hare of
honour anjconll-ience and fuflBciency required.

Cdl-.er cfFrUHJh'if.

1 give the fex their revenge, by laying together
the many vicious charafters that prevail \n the male
world, and (hewing the dilferei.t ingredients that
gu to the making up of fuch different humours and
coalVuutions. AdJiJoti.

Something better and greater than high birth and
quality mull go toward acquiring thofe drnjonftra-
tioiis of publicK efteem and love. Swift to Pope,

48. To fall out, or terminate ; to fuccced.

Your (bong polTcflioa much more than your right,
Or elfe it mult go wrong with you and me. Sh.ikefp,

Howe'cr the bufinels^«r, you have made fault.
1' th' boldnefsof your I'pcech. Shakefp,

1 will fend to thy father, and they (hall declare
unto him how things go with thee. Tob. i. 8.

In many armies, it the matter Ihould be tried by
duel between two champions, the viftory (ball go
on the one fide ; and yet, if it be tried by the grols,
it would go on -the other fide. Bator.

It has been the condant obfervation of all, that
if a minifter had a cause depending in the court, it
was ten to one but it tvcnt againl^ him. South.

At the time of the prince's landing, the father,
eafily foiefeeing how things would go, went over,
like many others, to the prince. i>-w!ft.

Wheilier the caufe gits for me or aiainft me, you
rouft pay me the reward. It'aits'i Logick.

49. To be in any ftate. This fenfe is im-
perfonal.

It (hall go ill with him that is left in his t.ibema-
cle. ,?o^. »«•

He called his name Beriah, becaufe it -uent evil
with his houfe. i Cbron. vii. 23.

50. To proceed in train or confequence.

How goes the night, boy?
— The moon is down: 1 have not heard the clock
And (he goes down at twelve. Sbakejpeare,

' 1 had hope.
When violence wasceafed, and wvon earth.
All would have thengo«i; well. MUtmr,

Duration in itfelf is to be :oniidered as going on
in one confiant, equal, uniform courfe. Locke.

5 1 . yi Go about. To attempt ; to endea-
vour ; to fct one's felf to any bufincfs.

Odear father.
It is thy bufincfs that \ go about. Sbakejpeare.

I loll him; but fo found, as well I faw
Ht couid not lofe himfclf, but •went about
His father 's bufincfs. Milton.

Which anfwer exceedingly united the vulg.ir minds
to them, who concurred only with them as they faw
them like to prevail in what they vient about,

Clarendvi.

Some men, from a falfe perfuafion that tjiey can-
not reform Uiui lives, and root ojl iheit old viciW'

G O

habits, never fo i^tKh *i a(tein|it endeavour, or go
about it. South,

Either my book is plainly enoi;gh written to be
rightly onderftood by thofe who pcrufe it with at.
tcntion and indiftrency, or elfe 1 nave writ mine (0
bbfcurely that it is in vain to go about to mend it.

Locke,

They never go about, as in former times, to hide
or palliate their vices j but ejpofe fhem freely 10
view. Svjift,

52. To Go qfiiU. To err; to deviate from
the right.

If ^y man's wife go afije, aai coQimil a treffafs
againii him. Numb. v. iz.

53. To Go bti-wtta. Tointerpofe; to mo-
derate between two.

1 did gn bcfueen tiiem, as I faid j but inore than
that, helovedhcr; fur, indeed, he was mad for her.

Shakefp.

54. To Go by. To pafs away unnoticed.

Do not you eome my tardinefs to chide.
That laps'd in time ^lid palTion, lets go by
Th' important acting of your dread oominand.

Shakefp. Hamtet.
So tnucb the more our carver's excellent,
Which let) go by, fomefutecn years, and makes het
As (lie liv'd now. Shakefp. If^nler's Tale.

What's that to us? The time goe4 by ; away.

Sbakefpeare,

55. To Go by. To find or get in the con-
clufion.

In argument with men a woman ever
Goes by the worfc, whatsvcr be her caufe. Milton.

He's fare logo by the worlV, that contends with an
adverfar)' that is too mighty (or him. L' Eflrange.
^6. To Go by. 1 o obferve as a rule.

.*TS» not to be fuppofed, that by fearching one can
pofitively judge of the fiie and form of a (lone; and
indeed the frequency of the (its, and violence of the
fymptoms, are a better rule to go by.

Sharp's Surgery,

57. To Co do-wn. To be f wallowed ; to be
received, not rejefted.

Nothing fo ridiculous, nothing, fo impoQible, but
it goes do-uix who|e with him for truth and earned.

L'Bjlrange,

Folly will not eafily go davm in its own natural
form with dilcer.iiug Judges. Dryden.

If he be hungry, bread will go down. Locke.

Miniltcrsare (o wile to leave their proceedings to
be accounted for by reafoiiers at a diftancc, who
often mould them into the fyftems that do not only
go dtminytTy well in the coliee-lioufe, but ate fup-
plies tor pamphlets in the prefcnt age. Sv/ijt.

58. I0 Go in and Bill. To do the bufincfs

of life.

The Loid (hall prcferve thy going out and thy
coming in. Pf,

J9. To Go in and out. To be at liberty.
He (hall go iit and out, and find pa(turc. yobn.

60. To Go of. To die ; to go out of life ;
to deceafe.

I would the friends we mils were fafe arrived ,
Some mud go off; and yet, by thefc I fee.
So great aday as this is cheaply bought. Shakefp.

In this manner he u:ert off, not like a man that
departed out of life, but one that returned to his
abode. Taller.

6 1. To Go off. To depart from a poft.

The leaders having charge (rom you to (land.
Will not « «#" until they hear you (peak.

Shakfp. Henry IV.

62. To Go on. To make attacK.

Bold Cethegus,
Whofe valour I have turn'd into his poifon.
And praifed fo to daring, as he would
Co on upon the Gods. Ben yonfon.

63. To Go on. To proceed.

He found it a great war to keep that peace, but
was fain logo on in his (lory. Sidney.

He that delires only that the work of Cod and re-
ligion fliouIdjoM, i» plcifcd with it, whoever is the
iaftfi«cut. Taylor.

1 have

G O

I have efcaptd many threats of ill fits by thefe
wo'ions; it'ihcy^o cw, the only poultice I have dealt
with i: wool from the belly of a far ihccp. Temflt.

To look upon the foul as going on from rtrength to
ftrcngth, totoiifider that (he 14 to fhine for ever with
new accelUons of glory, and brighten to all eternity
is agreeable. Addifon.

Go on chcarfully in the gloriciu couife you have
undertaken. Addifon.

Copious bleeding is the moft efifcflual remedy in
the beginning of the difeafe ; but when the eipec-
toraiion f 0^' Off lucccfsfully, not fo proper, becaufe
it fometimes fuppreflcth it, Arhutbnot on Diet.

1 have already handled feme abufes during the
Utc management, and in convenient time ihall go on
with the rctl. S-uift

When we had found ihatdefign impradiicablc, we
(hould not have gone on in fo cxpenfivc a manage-
ment of it. SxuijT.

Many clergymen write info diminutive a manner,
with fuch frequent blots and interlineations, that
they are hardly able to go on without perpetual he-
iitations, or exiraordinary expletives. Snvift,

1 wilb you health to^o on with that noble work,

Berklej.

64. To Go m;er. To revolt ; to betake
himfelf to another party.

In the change of religion, men of ordinary under-
ftandings don't fo much confider the principles as
the practice of thofe to whom they go vul r. Addifon.

Power, which, according to the old maxim, was
ufed to follow, is now gone over to money. Svjijt,

65. To Go out. Togo upon any expedition.

You need not have pricked me : there are other
men titter to ^0 out than I. Shakefpeare* % Henry IV.
\ 66. To Go out. To be extinguished.

Thmk'ft thou the fiery fever will^o oa/.
With titles blown from adulation ? Sbak. Henry V.

Spirit of wine burned till it go tut of itfcif, will
burn no more. Bacon* t Natural Htfiory.

The care of a ftate, or an army, ought to be as
cnnflant as the chymiti'i fireto make any great pro-
duction ; and if it^^ori out ion an hour, perhaps the
whole operation fails. Temple.

The morning, as milVaken, turns about ;
And all her early tirei again go out, Dryd. Aureng.

Let the acquaintance be decently buried, and the
iiame rather^^ out than be fmothered. Collier.

My blood runs cold, my heart forgets to lieave,
Atid lifettfelf^0''rtfi/r atthy difpleafure. Addif.Cato.

And ai her tclt ap]roach and fccret might.
Art after art £cfr dj//, and all is night. Pope* t Dune.

67. To Go thrcu^/j, 'I'o perform thoroughly ;
to execute.

Finding Pyrocles every way able to go through
with that kind of life, he was as defiroui lur his fake
as for his own to enter into it. Sidney.

U you can aa well ^0 through with the (tatuie
laws of that land, I will thiuk you have not lolt all
your time there, Spenfer.

Kings ought not to fuSer their council to ^Q/«r»tf^.A
with the refoluhon and dirediion, as if it depended
on them, but take the nutter back into their own
hands. Bacon.

He much feared the Earl of Antrim had not ttea-
Aiitefs of mind enough to^o through widi fuch an un-
dertaking. Clarendon.

The amazing difTicuIty and grcamcfs of his ac-
count will rather terrify than inform him, and keep
him from fctiing heartily about fuch a talk, as he
4efpairs ever to go through <»»*h it, Houth^t Hrrrn.

The powers in Germany are borrowing money,
in order \o go through their patt of theexpence.

Addij.n on the Ifai .

68. To Go through. To fuffer ; to undergo.

I tell thee that it is abfolutely necefTary for the
common good that thou (houldelt go through this
operation. Arbulhnoi.

Cij. To Go ufioft. To take as a principle.

This fuppotfttion 1 have gorre upon throu^hiUoie
papers. Addi/,n.

•o. The fenfcs of this word are very in-
diftinft : its general notion is motion or
progrcflion. It commonly exprefles paflage
from a place, in oppofition to come. This
it often obfcrvitbic even in figurative cx-

VOL.I.

G O A.

preflions. We fay, the words that go be-
fore and that come after : to-day ^o?r away
and to-morrow comes.
Go TO. i/iterj. Come, come, take the right
courfe. A fcornful exhortation.

Go to then, O thou far renowned fon
Of great Apollo ; fliew thy famous might
In medicine. Spenfer.

Go to, go to, thou art a foolilh fellow ;
Let me be clear of thee. Shakefp. T-welfih Night.

My tavour is not bought with words like thefe :
G9 to ; you'll teacli )Our tongue another tale. Rotve.

Go-by. », /. Delufion ; artifice; circum-
vention ; over-reach.

Except an apprentice is inllrutfted how to adul-
terate and varnilh, and give you the go by upon oc-
cafion, his malier may be charged with negleitt.

Collier on Pride.
Go-CART. ft./. [^0 and far/.] A machine
in which children are inclofed to teach
them to walk, and which they pulh for-
ward without danger of falling.

Young children, who are try'd in
C',-cmrts, to keep their fteps from Aiding,
When members knit, and legs grow ftronger.
Make ufeoffuch machine no longer. Prior.

GoKo. n.f. [lab, Saxon.] A pointed in-
ftrument with which oxen , are driven
forward.

Oft in his harden'd hand ngoaJ he bears. Pope.
To Goad, -v, a. [from the noun.]

1. To prick or drive with the goad.

2. To incite ; to ftiroulate ; to infligate ;
to drive forward.

Moll dangerous
Is that temptation, that doihgoji/us on
To tin in loving virtue. Shakefp. Mcaf.for Meaf.

Goaded w[ih moit Iharp occaliuns.
Which lay nice manners by, I put you to
The ufc of your owa virtues. Sbakefpeaye.

Of all that breathes the various pregeny.
Stung with delight, is goaded on by thee. Dryien.

Goal. n.f. Vgaiile, French ] a long pole, fet
up to markthe bounds of the race.

1. The landmark fet up to bound a race ;
the point marked out to which racers run.

As at the Olympian games, or Pythian fields.
Pan curb their tiery Heeds, or iV.un the goal
W ith rapid wheeb. Milton' 1 Paradife Lop.

And the ilope fun his upward beam
Shoots againit the dulky pole.
Pacing toward the o^^\exgoal. Milton.

2. The ftarting poll.

Haltthou beheld, when from the^Wthey ftart.
The youthl'ul charioteen with heaving heart
Rufti to the race, ? Dryden'i firgil.

3. The final purpofc; the end to which a
defign tends.

Out poet has always the goal in his eye, which
direitts him in his race : foine beautiful defign, whidt
be firll eftabliihe;, and ihcn conlrivrs the means,
which will naturally conduct him to his end.

Dryden.

Each individual feeks a feveral goal ,
'Bji he.wn's great view is one, and that the whole.

Pope.

So man, who here fcemspiincipal alone.
Perhaps afts fecond to fome Iphere unknown ;
Toucliei fome wheel, or verges to fome gnol ;
'Tis but a part we fee, and not the whole. Pope.

4. It is fometimes improperly written tor
gao/, 01 jail.

GoAR. n.f. [goror, Wclfh.] Any edging
fcwcd upon cloth to ftrengthen it. Skinwr.

GO.^T. //. /. fjar, Saxon and Scottilh.]
A ruminant animal that feems a middle
fpccies between deer and (heep.

Gall o^ goaty and flips of yew. Shakefp. Macb,
We Cyclops care not for yoxir goat-fed \ovc.
Nor other bleft ones ; we are better farre. Chapman.
Yat4 may draw naked boyi tiding lod flaying

GOB

with their paper-mills upon goals, eagles, or dol-
phins. Peacham.

The little bear that lock'd the mighty Jove,
The fwan whofe borrow'd fliape conceal'd Ins love,
Are grac'd with light; the nurling fo<i;'j repaid.
With heav'n, and duly rais'd the pious maid. Creech.

Goa'tbeard. »./. [goal anA beard ; iaria
capri.] A plant.

GoA'rcH.rt ER. ?;. /. An infed ; a kind
of beetle. Bailey.

Goa'therd. v.f. [jar and hyjib, Saxon,
a feeder or tender.] One whofe employ-
ment is to tend goats.

Is not thilk lame goatherd proud.
That tils on yonder bank,

Whole (fraying herd themfelfdoth (hroud
Among the bulhet rank ? Spenfer' s Paflorah,

They (irlt gave the goatherd good contentment,
and the marquis and his fervant chaced the kid about
the Itack. IVaiton.

Goa'tmarjoram. ». y; The fame with

GoATSBEARD.

Goa'tsmilk. n. /. \goat zxA milk.^ This
is more properly two words.

After the lever and fuvli like accidents are dimi-
nilhed, alfcs andg!)u//Mj7> may be neceliary. ■

iVifeman's Surgery.

Goa'tmilker. «./. [^0,7/ and milker.'] A
kind of owl fo calleii from fucking goats.

Bailey,
Goat's Rue, ti. /. [gafega ] A plant.

Goat't Rue has the leputation of being a great
alexipharmick and fudorilick ; the Italians eat it
raw and builed ; with us it is of no clteem. . Hill.
Goa'tskin. /I./, [goat andjiin.]

Then bll'd two ^Drt^/;/x, with her hands divine ;

With water one, and one with fable wine. Pope.

Goa'ts-thorn. « /. [goal and thorv.] An

herb.
Goa'fish. aJJ. [ftomgoat.] Refembling a
goat in any quality : as, ranknefs ; luit.

An admirable cvaiion of a whoremaltcr, man, to
lay his goatlfb difpofition on the change of a ftar.

Shakefp. King Lear..
The laft is notorious for its goaiifh fmell, and
tufts not unlike the beard of that lechet-oiis animal.

More againfi Atbeifm.
Gob. n.f. \gohe, French.] A fmall quan-
tity. A low word.

Do'rt think I have fo little wit a> to part with fuch
zgob of money ? L'Ejl range.

GO'BBET. n.f. [gobe, French.] A mouth-
ful ; as much as can be fwallowcd at once.

Therewith llic fpcw'd, out of her filthy tnaw,
A flood of poifoii, horrible and black,
Full of great lumps of Aclh uni gobiett raw, Spenfer.

By devililh policy art thou grown great.
And like ambitious Sylla, oyergorg'd
With^oWrtrof thy mother's bleeding heart. Shakt

The cooks. Hieing it into little gobbets, prick it oa
a prong of iron, and hang it in a furnace.

Sundy*s Travels.

The giant gorg'd with fle(h, and wine, and blood.
Lay (iretch'd at length, and fnoring in his den.
Belching taw gobbets Irom his maw, o'crcharg'd
With purple wine, and cruddled gore con fus'd. Addif.

To Go BBET. -v. a. [from the noun.] To
fwallow at a mouthful. A low word.
' Down comes a kite powdering upon them, and
g'jbbeti up both together. L'EJlrange,

To GO'BBLE, nj. a. [gober, to fwallow ; old
French.] To fwallow hallily with tu-
mult and noife.

The (heep were fo keen upon tKe acorns, that they
gobbled up now and then a piece of the coat alonj
with them. L'EJlrange.

Of laft year's corn in barn great (lore ;
Fat turkies gobbling at the door. Prior*

The time too prccioos now to wafte.
And (iippct gobbled up in hafte.
Again a frclh to cards they run . Siuifr.

Go'bblbr. n, f.[itom gobble. 1 One that
f S devours

GOD

d; vouM in hafte ; a gormand ; a greedy

eater.
Co'betweeji. »./• \gi ^ad ietwefn.] One
that tranfafts bufmels by running between
two parties. Commonly inanillfenfe.

Even as you came in to me, her afliftant, or go-
heivieen, parted from me : 1 fay, I fhaUbe with her
fcetwKn ten and eleven. Sijke/peare.

Gq'blet. »./. [gohelci, French.] A bowl,
or cup, that holds a large draught.

My figur'd goiUti for a di(h of wood. Sbakrff.

We love not loaded boards, and^oi/f/icrown'd ;
But iVee from furfeilt our repofc is found. Deiibam.

Crowni high ihcgMeis withacheeiful draught ;
Enjoy tlie prefent hour, adjourn the future thought.

Drydcn.

Go'blin. n. /. [French ; golelhu, which
Sptnjer has once retained ; writing in it
three fyllables. This word fome derive
from the Gebellvtes, a faftion in Italy ; fo
thatf^ ztid goblin is Guelph and Gibelline.
becaufe the children of either party were
terrified by their nurfes with the name of
the other : but it appears that elfi is

' \Vel(h, and much older than thofe fac-
tions. Eilff Uijhon, are phantoms of the
Might, and the Germans likewife have
long had fpirits among them named Go.
Mdi, from which gobeltne might be de-
rived.]

I . An evil fpirit ; a walking fpirit ; a fright-
ful phantom.

A-igels and minifters of grace defend us !
Be thou a fpiril of health, or gohlln damn'd.
Bring with thee airs from heav'n, or blalls from hell !

Sliahjf.
To whom the goblin, full of wrath, reply'd.
Art thou that traytor angel ? MHion't Paradijc Lojl.
Always, whilft he is young, be fure to prtferve his
tender mind bom all imprellions and notions of fpi-
tIis and goUiiu, or any fearful appreheniions in the
dark. i"'*'-

a. •■X fair)' ; an elf.
^ ' His fon was Elfinel, who overcame

The wrckcd goiire/itts in bloody field ;

But Elfant w.is of moll renowned tame.
Who of ;ill cryllal did Panthea build. Sfcn/tr.

Go, charge my goblins that they grind their joints
With dry convuUions j iborten up their lincws
With aged cramps. Sljaktfpearc's ttmfeji.

Mean time the village rouzes up the hre,
While well attcitcJ, and as well bcliev'd,
Heard folemn goes tlie gMin ftory round. Tliomfon.
GOD. n. /. [30b, Saxon, which likewife
fjgnifies pW, The fame word paflfes in
both fenfcs with only accidental Tariations
~ through all the Teutonick dialefts.]
I. The Supreme Being.

C«/ is a fpirit, and they that worfhip him mud
worfhiphimin fpirit and in truth. ^oi«,iv.i4.

God above
Deal between th«e and me. Sbaktffeare't Machttt.

All the churches of Cod are united into one by
the unity of difcipline and government, by virtue
whereof the fame Chrift ruleth in them alL Pearson.

The Supreme Being, whom we call God, is a ne-
ceffary, felf-e«iftent, eternal, immenfe, omnipotent,
omnifcient, and bell being ; and therefore alfo a being
who ii and ought to be cllcemcd moll lacred or holy.

Grtvi'i C'ojmol.

7. A falfe god ; an idol.

He that Ucrificeih unto any God, fave imfo the
Lord only, he fhall be utterly dcllroyed. Exod, xxii.

As flics to wanton boys arc we to the gods.
They kill ut for their fport. SImktff. King Lear.

Stiong|;o</of atms, whofe iron fceptre fways
The freezmg North j and Hyperborean fcas.
And Scythian cold , alij Thracia's Wintercoaft,
Where ftaiid thy ltceds» and thou art booour'd moll.

D'ydtn.

GOD

3. Any pcrfon or thing deified or too much
honoured.
Whofe end is deftruftion, whofe god is their belly.

Phil. iii.
I am not Licio,
But one that fconis to live in this difguife.
For fuch a one as leaves a gentleman.
And makes a god of fuch acullion. Sbakefftjrt.
To Goo. 1: a. [from the noun]. I'o deify ;
to exalt to divine honours.

This laft old man,
Lov'd me above the meafurcof a father ;
ti^y, godded mc, indeed. S lijkejpeare' s Coriolanus.

Go'dchild. «./. \g0d2x\d child.l A term
of fpiritual relation ; one for whom one
became fponfor at baptifm, andproraifed
to fee educated as a Chriftian.

Go'ddaughter. a. /. [god &aA daughter.']
A girl for whom one became fponfor in
baptifm. A term of fpiritual relation.

Goddess. ». / [from god.] A female

divinity.

Hear, nature hear ; dear goddeft, hear a father I

aiiakeffeare.

A woman I forfwore : but I will prove, ^
Thou being a goddcfs, I forfwore not thee :
My vow was earthly, thou a heav'nly love. Sbakefp.

I long have waited in the temple nigh.
Built to the gracious goi/i/./i Clemency ;
But rev'rence thou the pow'r, Drydcn^s Fables.

From his feat the goddejs born aro;'e,
And thus undaunted fpoke. Dryden's Fables.

When the daughter of Jupiter prefented herfelJ'
among a crowd ai goddejfes, Ihc was diliinguilhed for
her graceful ftature and luperior beauty. Addifon.

Modelly wiih-held thc^oi/iyj/}' train. Pope's Odyjf.

Go'ddess-like. adj. [godde/s and like,]
Refembling agoddefs.

Then female voicis from the (hore 1 heard ;
A maid amidll them goddefs-Ukc appcar'd. Pope.

Go'd f .^ t h e r . ». y". \god zsA father ] The
fponfor at the font.

He had a fon by her, and the king did him the
honour as to Hand godfather to his child. Bacon.
Confirmation, a profitable ufage of the church,
tranfcribed from the apoftles, confills in the child's
undertaking in his own name, the baptilmal vow ;
and, that he may morefolemnly enter this obligation,
bringing fome godfatber with him, not now, as in
baptifm, as his procurator. Hammond.

Go'dhead. n. f. [ixom god.]
2. Godlhip ; deity ; divinity ; divine na-
ture. It is ufed both of idols and of the
true god.

Be content ;
Your low-l.iid fon our godhead will uplift. S':akefp.

At the holy mount
Ofheav'n's high-feated top, th' imperial thrane
O! godhead, fi«'d for ever firm and fure.
The filial paw'r arriv'd. Milton's Paradife Loft.

So may thy godhead be confetl.
So the returnmgyearbeblell. Prior.

2. A deity in perfon ; a god or goddefs.

Were your godheads to borrow of men, men would
forfake the gods. Sli.iie/feare's Timon.

Adoring firll the genius of the place,
Thciymphs and native godbtads yet unknown.

Dryden's JEn.

Go' DLiis. adj. [{romgod.] Without fenfe
of duty to God : atheiflical j wicked ;
irreligious; impious.

Of thcfe two forts of men, holh godlefs, the one
has utterly no knowledge of God, and the other llu-
dies how to perfuade themfclves that there is no fuch
thing to be known. Hooker.

Thit godlr/s cnvi
Rebellious. Milton.

For faults not his, for guilt and crimes
Of godlefs men, and of rebellious times,
Him his ungrateful country fent.
Their bed Camillus, into banifhment. Dryden.

Go'dliku, adj. [god and lih.] Divine j

G O E

refembling a divinity ; fupremely excel-
lent.

Thus .Adam his illuftrious guell befought,
And thus the godlike angel aiifwer'd mild. Milton.

Mufing and much revolving in his breaft.
How bell the mighty work he might begin
Of Saviour to mankind, and which wayfirft
Publilh W\t godlike o&(.e now matijie. Milton

That prince fhall be fo wife and godlike, as, by
eftabliilied laws of liberty, to fecure proteflion and
encouragement to the honelt induftry of irunkind.

Locke.

Go'dlinc. »./ [from^o//.] A little divi-
nity ; a diminutive god.

n hy puny godlings of inferior race,
Whofe humble ftatucs are content with brafs. Dryd.

Go'dliness. «./. [itos&godlj.]

1, Piety to god.

2. General obfcrvation of all the duties
prefcribed by religion.

Virtue and godlinefs of life are required at the
hands of the miniller of Cod. Hooker,

Go'dlv. adj. [from god,]

1 . Pious towards God.

Grant that we may hereafter live zndly, righteous,
and fober life. Common Prayer.

2. Good ; righteous ; religious.

Help, Lord, for the godly man ceafeth, for the
faithful fail among the children of men. Pf. iii. !•
The fame church is really holy in this world, in
relation to all godly perfons contained in it, by a real
infufed fanflity. Vearfon.

Godly, adv. Pioufly ; righteoully. By
analogy it fhould be godlily, but the re-
petition of the fyllable is too harfh.

Theapoftle St. Paul teacheth, that every one that
will \\it godly in Chrift Jefus mult fufFer perfecution.

Hooker.

Go'dlvhead. ».yi [from godly.] Good-
nefs ; righteoufnefs. An old word.

For this, and many more fuch outrage,

I crave your godfyjjead to alTwage

The rancorous rigour of his might. Spenfer,

Go'dmother. n. f. [god and mother.] A.

woman who has undertaken fponfion in.

baptifm. A term of fpiritual relation.
Go'dship. ». /. [from^oa'.] The rank or

charafterof agod; deity; divinity.
Difcourfing largely on this theme.

O'er hills and dales their ^0<(/?>/>J came. Prior.

Go'dson. ». /. [god and fon.] One for
whom one has been fponfor at the font.

What, did. my father's god/on feek your life ?
He whom my father named ? your Edgar ? Shakeff..
Go'dwaRD. adj. To Godivard is tOfward
God. So we read. Hoc Arethnfatenus, for
haHenus Arethufai

And fuch trull liave we through Chrift to God-
ivard. i Cor.

Go'dwit. »./. [xob, good, anil prca, an.
animal.] A bird of particular delicacy.

Nor ortolans nor ^c^/wirj crown his board. Corutey..

Go'dyeld. 1 adv. [corrupted from God
Go'dyield. j Jhhld ox proted.] A term,
of thanks. Now not ufed

Herein I teach you.
How you fhould bid godyeld us for your pains.
And thank us for your trouble. Sbakefp, Machttb,

GoEL. fli^'. [jolep, SaKon.] Yellow. An

old word.
In March, at the furthell, dry feafon or wet, ]

Hop roots fo well chofen let Ikilful go fet ;

Thegsf/frand younger,.the better! love ;

Well gutted and pared, the better they prove. Tujfcr,
Go' E R . «./ [ from go. ]
\ . One that goes ; a runner.

1 would they were in Africk both together,,
Myfelf by with a needle, that 1 might prick
The goer back. Sbakefftart's Cymiellne:

Such a nun

Might

G O L

Might be a copy to thefe younger times ;
Which, follow'd well, would now Jemonftrate them
But gcfrt backward. Sbntef. All's •will.

Nothing could hurt either of us I'o much as the
intervening officious impertinence of thofe^o^rj be-
tween us, who in Ea^Iand pretend to intimacies
with you, and in Irelaim to intimacies with me.

Pope to Swift.

2 . A walker j one that has a gait or manner
of walking good or bad.

The e.irl was fo far from being a good dancer,
that he was no graceful goer, IVotton.

3. The foot. Obfolete.

A double mantle, call
Athwart his (houldcrs, his faire joerjgrac'd
With fitted (hoes. Chapman.

To Goggle, t;. ». To look afquint.

Inflam'd all over with difgrace,
To be fecn by her in fuch a place.
Which made him hang his head, and fcoul.
And wink and goggle like an owl. Hudibras.

Nor fighs, nor groans, aor goggling eyes did want.

Dr^'den.

GoccLE-EVED. adj. [j-cejlejen, Saxon.]
Squint-eyed ; not looking ftrait.

They are dHbrmed, unnatural, or lame; and very
unfecmly to look upon, except to men that be goggle.
eyed ihemfelves. Afcbam.

Go'iNG. n.f, [from j-o.]

1 . The aft of walking.

When nobles are their taylors tutors,
No hereticks burnt, but wenches fuitors, .

Then comes the time, who lives to fce't.
That going [hall be us'd with feet. Shalefpeare.

2. Pregnancy.

The time of death has a far greater latitude
than that of our birth ; mod women coming, ac-
cording to their rcckaoing, within the compafs of
a fortnight; that is, the twentieth part of their
g'i'Z- Crew', Clfmol. Sacra.

3. Departure.

Thy g^ing is not lonely ; with thee goes
Thy hulband; him to follow thou art bound. Milton.

Co'la. »./. The fame with Cymatium.

In a cornice the gola, or cymatium of the corona,
the copiog, the modiUions or deotelli, nuke a noble

GOLD. H. /. [jolb, Saxon; golud, riches,
Weilh. It is called gold in our Englilh
tongue, either of geel, as Scaliger fays,
which is in Dutch to (hine; or of another
Dutch word, which is gelten, and ligni-
fics in Latin "jalere, in Knglifh to be of
price or value : hence cometh their or-
dinary word ^<-//, for money. Peachtm on
Dravjiag,]

I. Go/d is the heavieft, the mod denfe, the
moft fimple, the moft duftile, and mod
fixed of all bodies, not to be injured
either by air or fire, and fecming incor-
ruptible. It is foluble by means of fea-
falt; but is injured by no other fait.
Go/d is frequently found native, and very
rarely in a ilate of ore. Pure Go/d is fo
fixed, that Bocrhaave informs us of an
ounce of it fct in the eye of a giafs
furnace for two months, without lofing a
fingle grain. Ht//on Fofft/s.

Co/rf hath thefe natures: greatnefs of wei-ht,
clofenefs of jMrts, fixation, pli,inlnefs or fofinefs.
immunity from rutt, and the colour or tinftiire of

' TT; n > ■ u *"""'' ^"'•"■"t Hijlory.

Ah ! Buckingham, now do 1 ply the touch,
To try if thou be current gold indeed. Shahfl,

goblet, only by tl« different rigurw and colours re-

prcfcnlcJ to the eve by the pencil. j^^i^

'I he gold frauglit velTel which mad tempefts bcati

Me fee, now vainly make to hu retreat. Driden

Money. ■' *'

For me, the giJd n( France did not kiutt,

I I

G O L

Although I did admit it as a motive

The fooner to efFedl what I intended. Sbaiefp,

Thou that fo ftoutly had refilled me.
Give me thy gold, if thou haft my gold;
For I have bought it with an hundred blows. Siuk.

3. It is ufed for any thing pleafing or va-
luable. So among the ancients ;>;»ur5
uifeeS-.Tyi J and wtimamjue morejque aureos
edncit in ajlra. Horace.

The king's a bawcock, and a hart of gold,

A lad of life, an imp of fame. Shakefp. Henry V.

Gold ofP/eaJure. n.f. [myagrum.] A plant.

Go'LDB£ATi!R, ». /, [_f<!/d'and beat.'] One

whofe occupation is to beat or foliate gold

to gild other matter.

Our galJbeaters, though, for their own pro5t
lake, they arc wont to ufe the fined gold they can
get, yet they I'cruple not to employ coined gold ;
and that the mint-mafters arc wont to alloy with
fOfP?'' <"• fi'ver, to make the coin more ftiff, and
lefs fubjeft to be wafted by attrition. Boyle.

Go'ldbeater's S/iin. n.f. The inteftinuni
reftura of an ox, which goldbeaters lay
between the leaves of their metal while
they beat it, whereby the membrane is
reduced thin, and made fit to apply to
cuts or fmall frefh wounds, as is now the
common practice. ^incy.

When your gillyflovrers blow, if they break tile
pod, open it with a penknife at each divifion, as
low as the flower has burft it, and bind it about
with a narrow flip of goldbeater' t Jkin, which
moiften with your tongue, and it will (lick together.

Mortimer.

G O N

Go'ldbound. adj. [^sA/and boundi] En
compafled with gold.

Thy air.
Thou othei goldbound brow is like the Erft. Siaiefp
Go LDZN. adj. [from gold.]

1. Made of gold; confiding of gold.

O would to God that the inclulive veige
0( golden metal, that muftiound my brow.
Were red hot ftcci to fear me to the biain. Shakrfp.

Nine royal knights in equal rank fuccced,
Each warrior mounted on a firry lleed.
In golden armour glorious to behold ;
The rivets of theirarms were naii'd with gold. Dryd.

2. Shining; bright; fplendidj refplendeiit.

So fweet a kifj the gilden fun gives not
To thofe (relh morning drops upon the rofe ;
Nor ihine3 the filver moon one half fo bright
Through the tranfparer. t b jfom of the deep. Shake/p.

'Tis better to be lowly born
Than wear a^^/d^wforrow. Shake/p. HeniyVUl.

Heaven's galdrn winged herald late he faw
To a poor Galilean virgin fent. Crajhavj.

To her hard yoke you muft hereafter bow,
Howe'er ftie ftiines all gtlden to you now. Dryden.

And fee the guardian angels of the good.
Reclining foft on many a golden clouj. Rnvf.

3. Yellow ; of the colour of gold.
Gt;/</fK rufteting hath a gold coloured coat under a

rulTei hair, and its flelh of a yellow colour. Mortimer

4. Excellent; valuable.

1 have bought
Golden opinions from all fort of people.
Which luould be worn now in their ncweft glofs.
Not caft alide fo foon. ■ Sbakcfpeare's Macbeth.

That verfe which they commonly call golden, has
two fubllantives and two adjeiHves, with a verb bc«
twixt them to keep the peace. Dryden.

Thence arifcs that golden rule of dealing with
others as we would have others deal with us. H-'atlt.

5. Happy; refembling theage ofgold.

Many young gentlemen fljck to him every day,

and fleet the time catclefly, as they did in the golden

*Of''i- SbakeJ^eare.

Golden Saxifrage, n.f. [c/oryfopletiium.]

An herb.
Go'ldenly. a^i/. {homgolden.] -Delight-
fully; fplendidly.

My brother Jacques hekeeps atfchool, and report
fpeaks^eit/;^ of his profit, Sbakifp, ^lyouUseU,

Goldfinch. «. /. [solbpnc. Saxon.J A
fingmg bird, fo named from his golden
colour. This is called in StafFordOiirc
proud tayhr.

Of ringing birds they have linnets, goldfinches,
ruddocks. Canary-birds, blackbirds, thrulhes, and

divers others. /-'

Kgolajiuch there I faw, with gaudy pride
0( painted plumes that hopp'd from fide to (ide.
e^ I Dryden.

Goldfinder. »./. [goldand/nd.] One
who finds gold. A term ludicroufly ap-
plied to thofe that empty jakes.
Ffis empty paunch that he might (ill.
He fuck'd his vittcls through a quill ;
Untouch'd it pafs'd between his grinders,
Or't had been happy for goldfnders. Siuift

Go LDHAMMER. n.f. A kind of bird. Diil.
Go ld I NO. w,/. A fort of apple. Diff
Go'ldney. n.f A fortoffilh, otherwifc
called Gi/thead. /)/^_

Go'ldpleasure. «./. Anherb. Dia.
Go'l d s I z e . «./ a glue of a golden colour :
glue ufed by gilders.

The gum of ivy is good to put into yom goldfxe,
and other colours. Peacham on Draining

Go LDSMiTH. n.f. [501b and rmtz, Saxon.]

1. One who manufaftures gold.
Neither chain nor goldj itith came to me. Shakrfp.

2. A banker; one who keeps money for
others in his hands.

The gold/miih or fcrivener, who takes all your
fortune todifpolc of, when he has buforehand refolved
to break tlw following day, does furely deferve the
gillows. s-wi/i.

Go LDY LOCKS, n.f [coma aurea, Latin.]

A plant.
GoLL. n.f [corrupted, as Sltinner thinks,

from pal or pol, whence pealban, to handle

or manage.] Hands; paws; claws. Ufed

in contempt, and obfolete.

They fet hands, and Mopfa put her golden golU
among them ; and blind fortune, that faw not the
colour of them, gave her the pie-eminence. Sidney,

Gome. n.f. The black greafe of a cart-
wheel. Bailey.

GOMPHasiS. n.f A particular form of
articulation.

Gomphofii is the connexion of a tooth to its fockeC.

^^ifeman.

GO'NDOLA. n. f [gondo/e. French.] A
boat much ufed in Venice ; a fmall boar.

He faw did fwim
Along the (hore, as fwift as glance of eye,
A little gtndclay, bedecked trim
With boughs and arbours woven cunningly. Spenfer.
In a gondola were feen together Lorenzo and hij
amorous Jellica. Shakefp. Merch. of f^eaice.

As. with gondolas and men, his
Good excellence the Doge of Venice
Sails out, and gives the gulph a ring. Pritr.

Gondoli'er. ». /. [from gondola.] A
boatman ; one that rows a gondola.

Your fair daughter,
Tranfported with no worfe nor better guard,
But with a knave of hire, i gondolier.
To the grols clafps of a lafcivious Moor. Shakefp,
GoN E. part, preler. [from go. See To Go. j

1. Advanced ; forward in progrcfs.

I have known flieep cured of the rot, when they \
have not been hx gone with it, only by being put into
broomlands. Mortimer.

The obfcrvator is much the brilker of the two,
and, I think, tnrfbcr ^nne m |:,t* hi lycs and im-
pudence than his Prclbyteiias brother. Stuift.

2. Ruined; undone.

He muft know 'lis none oi your daughter, nor
my lifter; we arc gu« clfe, Shakifp.H'intir'tTale,

3. Pad.

I'll teUtlte ftory of my \\.U,
^% % AaJ

GOO

And the particultr jccidenu gtitf by,
Since 1 came to i\m ifle. Sbjktff. Temptft.

jL, Loft; departed. _ .

When her matters faw that ilie hope of thtir gain*
wngMC, iheyciught Paul «nd Silas. /4i?»,xvi. 19.

Speech is confined to the living, and imparted to
only thofe that are in prefcuce, and is trinfient and

5. Dead; departed from life.

I mourn Adonis dead and g'>'ii. Oldham.

A dog, that has his nofe held in the vapour,
lofes all ligns of life ; but carried into the air, or
thrown into a lake, recovers, if not quite jo«.

Addifan on Italy.

Go'nfalon. 1 ». /. [gonfanon, French;
Go'nfanon. J gunf/ina, Iflandick. frotn

^aff«, a battle, andya»/, a flag. Mr. ijv.j

An enfign ; a ftandard.

Ten tlioMfand ihoufand enfigns high advanc'd.
Standards and invjalom', 'twixt van and rear.
Stream in the air. , MillM.

Gonorrhoe'a. «./. [-/"(S^- and p'iw.J A
morbid running of venereal hurts.

Rauty mumniy or ftonc mummy grows on the
tops of high rocks : they p-jwdcr and boil it in milk,
and then give it to Hop gonorrtxat. I^'ood-ward.

GOOD. adj. [comp. belUr, fuperl. bfji.
50b, Saxon ; goed, Dutch.]

1. Having, either !»_enerally or for any par-
ticular end, fuchphyfical qualities as are
expefted or defired. Not bad ; not ill.

God faw every thing that he had made, and
behold it was ytfj good. Ctn. 1. 31.

An uiiiverfe of death ! which God by cmfe
Cicated evil j for evil only good. Milton.

Refolv'd
From an ill caufe to draw a %ii>d effefl. Dryden.

Notwithftanding this cniicifm the verfes were

,/_ Sfeautor.

A man is no more to be praifed upon this account,
than becaufe he has a regular pulle and a goad di-
gefticm. Addi/on.

Ah ! ne'er fo dit« a thirll of glory boaft,
Nor in the crilick lei the man be loft !
Goad nature and good fcnfe muft ever join ;
To err is human, to forgive, divine. Pofr.

2. Proper; fit; convenient; right; not

wrong.

Among 1 a man's peers a man (hill be fure of
familiarity, and therefore it is gio.^ a lillle to kcei)
ftate ; amongll a man's imeriori jr.c lliall be lure oi
reverence, and therefore it is good a little to be
familiar. • fi"""-

If )0u think good, give Martiju leave. Hacon.

ItwasafKui/ lime 10 comply with the importu-
nity of the gt:ntleinen of SulTcx. CLrend^n.

3. Conducive to happinefs.

It is not good that the man thould be alone.

Gin. ii. i3.

We may as well pretend to obtain the good which
we want without God's airillance, as to know what
is gooj loi us without his dircAion. SmaUidge.

4. Uncorrupted ; undamaged.
He alfo bartered away plumbs, that would have

rotrcd in a week, for nuts, that would lalt good tor
his eating a whole year. Locke.

r. Wholefome ; falubrious.
A man firft builds a country feat.
Then hndsthe walUoot^W lo eat. Prior.

6. Medicinal ; falutaiy.

The water of Nilus is fweeter than other waters
in tafte, and it is excellent good for the ftone and
hypochondriack melancholy. Bacon'i Nat. HiJ).

7. Pleafant to the tafte.

Eat thou honey, becaufe it is good; and the
honeycomb, which is fweel. Prim. xiiv. 13.

Oi hrrbs and plants fome arc g'.od to cat raw ; as
lettuce, endive, and purllanc. Jiucon't Nat. Hi/1.

8. Complete; full.
The I'totellani fubjeAi of the abbey make up a

goad third of its people. Addifon m Italy.

9. Ufeful; valuable.

All quality, that is good for any thing, it origi-
nally founded upca me/ii. Coliier tn Envj,

GOO

We difcipline betimes thofe other creatUfM we I
would make ufeful and^Wfot fomewhat. Leckc- |

10. Sound; notfalle; not fallacious.

1 le is rclolved now 10 lliew how flight the propo-
-pofilions were wli;ch Luther let go \otgiod. Aiterbury.

11. Legal; valid; rightly claimed or held.

According 10 military cuftom the place was goorf,
and the lieutenant of the colonel's company might
well pretend lo the next vacant captainlhip m the
fame regiment. _ Wotlon.

12. Confirmed; attefted; valid.
Ha! am I fure (he'swrong'd? Perhaps 'tis malice!

Slave, make it clear, make good your accufation.

Smith.

13. With <7/ preceding. It has a kind of
negative or inverted fenfe; at good as, no
better than

Therefore fprang there even of one, and him at
good as dead, fo many as the liars of the llcy in
multitude. W'*- «'•

14. With as preceding. No worfe.

He (harply reproved them as men of no courage,
which, being many times ar good as in polVelfion ol
the vittory, had mort cowardly turned iheir backs
upon their enemies. Knolln.

The maftcr will be as good as his word, for his
own bufincfs. L'Efirange.

1 5 . Well qu.ilified ; not deficient.
If they had held their royalties by that title, ei-
ther there muft have been but one I'oveieigii over
them all, or elfe every faiher of a family had been
as good a prince, and had as good a claim to royalty
as thefe. Locke.

16. Skilful; ready; dexterous.

Flatter him it may, 1 confefs ; as thofe are ge-
nerally good at flattering who are j oorf for nothing
elfe. Houlh.

I make my way where-e'er I fee my foe j
But you, my lord, are good at a retreat. Dryden.

17. Happy; profperous.
Behold how ^&0(/ and how pleafant it is for bre-
thren to dwell together in unity. iy. cxxxiii. i.

Many good xnosrovJi to my noble lord !
— Good morrow, Catefby you are early ftirring.

Shaktff.
Good e'en neighbours ;
Good ('en to iWygood t'cTi to you all. Siakeffi,

At my window' bid good morrow. Milton.

Good morrow, Portius ! let us once embrace.

Addifon.

18. Honourable.

They call to get ihcmfelves a name,
Regardlefs whether good or evil lame.. Milton.

Silence, the knave's repuic,thc whorc'sgoc/name.
The only iionour of the wiihmg dame. Pope.

19. Cheerful; g.iy. Joined with any words
cxpreffing temper of mind.

They may be of good comfort, and evergo cheer-
fully about (heir own affairs. 2 Mac. xi. 26.

Quictnefs improves into cheerfulnefs, enough to
make me jail fo good humoured as to wilh thai
woild well. Pope,

20. Confiderable ; not fmall though not
very great.

A g'^od while ago Cod made choice that the
Gentiles by my mouth (houid hear the word.

Ails, XV. 7.

The plant, having a great ftalk and top, doth prey

upon the graf^ a good way about, by drawing the

, juice of the earth troin it. Bacon.

Myrtle and point^ranatr, if they be planted

though a good fpace one irom the other, will meet.

Ptofbam on Draivijig.
The king had provided a good tleci, and a body
of three thoufand foot to be embarked. Clarendon.
We may fuppofc a great many degrees of luilc-
nefs and lightnefs in thefe earthy particles, fo as
many of them might float in the air a go4d while,
like exhalations, before they fell down. Burnet.

They held a good i^are of civil and military em-
ployments during the whole time of the iilurpation.

StC'ift.

2J. Hegantj decent; delicate: ^\^brtcd-
ing.
If the critick hat publilhed nothing but rulei and

GOO

obfervations in criticifm, I then contider whether
there be a propriety and elegance in his thoughts and
woid!,clearnefs and delicacy in his remarks, wit and
good-breeding in his raillery. Addifon's Guardian.

Mankind have been forced to invent a kind of ar-
tificial humanity, which is what wc exprefs by the
word good-breeding. ' Addifon,

Thofe among them, who return into their feveral
counirics are fure to be followed and imitated as the
greatell patterns of wit and good-brecding. Sxvift.

22. Real ; ferious ; not feignt d.

Love not in good earncft, nor no farther in fport
neither, than with faiety of a pure blufh thou may'ft
in honour come ofi^ again. Shakrff.

23. Rich; ofcredit; able to fulfil engage-
ments.

Antonio is a gtod man : my meaning, in faying

th.it he is a good man, is to have you underfHnd me
that he is futficient. Shakefp.

24. Having moral qualities, fuch as are
wilhed; virtuous; pious; religious; ap-
plied both to perfons and anions. Not
bad ; not evil.

For a good man fame would even dare to die.

Rom.v. 7.
The woman haih wrought a good work upon me.

Mati.
All man's worUs on me.
Good or not good ingraft ; my merit, thefe
Shall perfe^j and for thefe my death (ball pay.

Millet:.
What reward
Awaits ihtgocd, the reft what puniihment. Militn.

The only fon of light
In a dark age, againft example g^tt/,
Againft allurement. Milton.

Such follow him, as (hall be rcgiftred
Ptrtgood, part bad, of bad the larger fcroll. Milton.

Grant the bad what happinefs they would.
One they mull want, w Inch is 10 pafs for good.

Pofr.
Why drew Mai fcillcs'^ost/bifhop purer breath.
When Nature ficken'd, and each gale was deaih ?

Pope

Such wasRolcommon, not more learn'd tiian p'<:o<i',

Wilh manners gen'rous as his noble blood. Pope.

No farther intercourfc with Heav'n had he.
But \c(t good works to men o( low degree. Harte,
25. Kind; foft; benevolent.

Matters being lo turned in her, that where at firil
liking her manners did breed good will, now good
will became the chief caufe of liking her manners.

Sidney.

Glory to God in the higheft, and on earth peace

and good will towards men. Litke ii. 14,

W iihout good nature man is but a better kind ni

vermin. Bucon.

Here we are lov'd, and (here we love;
Good nature now and palfion ftrive

Which of the two Ihould be above,
And laws unto ihc other give. Suckling,

'Tis no wonder if that which affbrd&fo liitle gloi^
to God, hath no more good will for men.

Decay of Piety,
When you (hall fee him. Sir, to die for pity,
'Twerc fuch a thing, 'twould fo deceive the world,
'Twould make the people think you were good na-
lur'd. Denhom,

To teach him betimes to love and \it good naturcd
to others, is to lay early the true foundation of an
honeft man. Locke.

Good fcnfe and good nature are never feparated,
though the ignoiant world has thought othet'wife.

Dryden,
Aftability, mildnefs, tendernefs, and a word which
1 would fain bring back to its oiiginal fignificalioa of
virtue, I mean good nature, arc ot daily ufe.

Dryden,

This dodlrinc of God's good will towards men,

this command of men's proportionable good will to

one another, is not this the very body and fubftance,

this the very fpirit and life of our Saviour's whole

inftitution ? Sprait.

It was his greateft pieafure to fpread his healing

wings over every place, and to make every one fenli-

' bleof his £><></ will 10 mankind. ' Col,

I How could you chide the young good natur'd
prince,
Aad drive him from you wilh fo ftern an air. Addif.

26. Favourable ;

GOO

a5. Favourable ; loving.

But the mtn were very good unto us, aaJ ure ivtre
no'hu"- 1 Sjm. XXV. 15.

Truly God \i good to Ifrael, evcu to 1'ui.h as are of
a clean heart. ^. Ixxiii. i.

You have g-,oJ rcnjeobjance of us alwuys de-
fining greatly to fee us, as we alio to fee you.

I Tbef. iii. 6.

Th:i idea muft neceflarily be adctjuate, being re-
ferred to nothing eift but itfeif, nor made by any
other original but Ac good liking and will of him
that ftrft made this combination. ' Locte.

27. Companionable; fociable; merry. Of'teii
ufcd ironically.

., Though he did not draw the ;W fellows to him
by driating, yet he eat well. Clarind/^n.

Not being permitted to drink without eating, will
prevent the cuftom of having the cup often at his
Dole; a dangerous bejiimiug and preparation to rood
fellowlhip. ' if,^,.

It was well known, that Sir Roger had been a
good tejiow, in his youth. Aibutbmt.

3«. It IS fometimes ufed as an epithet of
flight contempt, implying a kind of nega-
tive virtue or bare freedom from ill.

My^oWman, as far from jealoufy as I am from

giving him caufe. Shaiiff. Merry H'i-veiofm>idf.

She had let't the good man at home, and brought

away hcrsillant. Addi/on't Hftaator,

29. In a ludicrous fenfe.

As tor ail other govd women that love to do but

little work, how handfome it is to loufe ihemfelvcs

in the luiiihine, they that have been but a while in

Ireland can well witnefs. SptnTtr.

36. Hearty; earned: not dubious.

He, that ifx the time fit for the delivery he in-
tended, called unro us to follow him, which we both
kound by oath, and willing by good will obeyed.

-T-t J Sidney,

The good will of the nation to the prefent war has
been fiiiie but 100 much experienced by the fuccefles
that have ailcnded it. Temple

Gooi/wiil, ihe laid, my wantof ftrcngth fupplies ;
And diligence Ihall give what age denies. Drydcn.
1\. In Good time. Not too faft.

In good timt, replie* another, you have heard ihcm
diffutc againit a vacuum in the fchools. ColUtr.

32. InGooo/oolh. Really; ferioufly.
Wiiat mud I hold a candle to my ibames ?

They in themfelves, goodfoolb are too too light.

Hbak'Jfeart.

33. Good. [To maie.] To keep; to
maintain ; not to give up ; not to aban-
don.

There diet) upon the place all the chieftains, all
mukingg^d the fight without any groundgivcn.

Bacon' t Henry W\l.

Me forced ihem to retire in fpite of their dragoons,
which were placed there to male go^d their retreat.

Clartnd'^n.

Since we claim a proper inlereft above others in
the pre-eminent rights ol the houihold of laiih, then
10 maktgaod that claim, we are obliged above others
locoi.foira to the proper manners and virtues thai
beloi.g to this boulliold. Spruit.

He wjihout tear a dangerous war purfues ;
Ai honour made him firtt the danger chufe,
So Kill he makei tt gxd an viriue's fcorc. Dryden

34. Good. [To aiake ] To confirm; to
cftablilh.

I farther will maintain
Upon hii badlife lowairall tK-tgotJ. Sbakefp

To make good ihis explication of the article, li
will be neceflarj 10 prove that the church, which
our Saviour founded and iheapolllcs gathered, was to
leceive a conftant and perpetual acccUion. Fearf.

I hcfe propoOtioo* 1 ihall endeavour to make gJd.

3^" Si°,°^' ,f ^' ""^'-l T« perform.

While (he lo tar extends her grace,
Shtmuke, but good the promtfe of her face, (fuller.
36. Good. [To make.] 'Jo fupply.

Krery diftma being ha. fomewhat peculiar to it-
leii, to make good i)i one circuroftance what it wants
"'""«^'- VBJirange.

G 00

Good. ti.f.

I. That which phyfically contributes to
happinefs; benefit; advantage; the con-
trary to evil or mifery.

I fear the emperor means no good ta us. Shakefp.

tet me play the lion too : I will roar that I will

do any man's heart good to hear me. Sbakefp.

He wav'd indiffercntiv 'twixt them, doing neither

g^od nor harm Shakeff tare's Coy Uanus.

Love with fear the only God,
Merciful over all his works, with good
Siill overcoming evil. M'tlton.

God is alfo in llecp, and dreams advife.
Which he haih fent propitious, lome great rW
P''''!^8'"g- Milton.

Nature in man's heart, her laws doth pen,
Prelcribing truth to wit, and good to will. Davies.
The lelTeiiiiig or efcapiug of evil is to be reckoned
under the notion of good: the leffening or lofs of
good'isto be reckoned under the notion of evil.
_, . mikins.

This caution will have alfo this good in it, that
It will put them upon confidering, and teach them
the necellity ol examining more than they do.

^ , . , . Locke.

irood IS what IS apt to caufe or increafe pleafurc,

ordiminilh pain in us; orelfc to procure or preferve

us in the polfeirion of any oxhet good, or abfence of

any evil. Locke.

Refufe to leave thy defVin'd cliarge too foon,

Ai,d lor the church's good defer thy own. Prior.

Works may have more wit than does them good.

As bodies periOi through excefs of blood. r^ype

A thirlt after truth, and a defite nf good, are prin-

ciples which ttill »&. with a gi«a( and univerfal force.

_ , Rogers.

2. Profperity; advancement.

it he had employ'd
Thofe excellent gifts of fortune and of nature
Llaio the good not ruin of the Hate. Ben Jon/on

3. Earnelt ; not jell.
The gowl woman never died after this, 'till (he

came to die for ^oo^and all. L'EJirange.

4. Moral qualities, fuch as are dcfireable ;
virtue ; righleoufnefs; piety; the contrary
to wickednefs.

Depart from evil and do good, Pf. xxxiv, 14

Not only carnal good from evil does not juftify |

\»itaogoed, no not a. fVfoici good, can make evil

^.-.'r ,-, , HJyduy.

O Ion, like one of us, is Man become,
To know boih good and evil, fince his tafte
Of that defended fruii, but let lum boaft
His knowledge oigotdU,^, and evil got.
Happier had it fuffic'd him to have known
Good by itfeK, and evil not at all. Milton

Empty of all good, wherein confifts
Woman's domeftKk honour ai.'«J chief ptaife. Milt
By good,\ queliion aotbutgood, morally fo called
tonnm bonejium, ought, chieHy at lealf, to be un-
derftood ; and ihat the good of profit or pleafure ihe
bonum utUe, or jucunaum, hardly come into anv
account here. Soulb

Nor holds this earth a more defcrving knight
For virtue, valour, and for noble blood,
1>uih, honour, all thai is compiii'd in g.od Dryd
5. Good placed after iaj, with as, feemsa
fubliantive; but the exprf (lion is, I think
vicious; and good is rather an adjcdive
dlipticaJly ufed, or it may be conlideied
as adverbial. See Good, adv.

The pilot muft intend lome port before he (leers
his courle, or he had a, ^..^ leave his vellel 10 the
di.cdion of the winds, and the government of the

Without good nature and gratitude, men had"as

goodUw in a wilderaefs as in a (bcicty. L'EJJranre

v-«00D. adi: ^ t •

1. Well; not ill; not amifs.

2. AiGqou. 1^0 worfe.
Was I to have never parted from thy fide,

As good have grown there ftill a lifclefs rib. Mill
Says the cuckow to the ha«k. Had you not as
good have been caung worm, now as pigeons f

L'Efirange. J

GOO

Good, wterjtaict. Well! ri^ht ! It is fomc-.

times ufed ironically.
Good-conditioned, adj. Without ill
qualities or fymptoms. Ufed both of
things and perfons, but not elcgantlv.
No furgeon dilaies an abfcefs of any kind by in-
jea.ons, when the pus is good-condiiioned. Sharp
Oood now. interjedion.
t. In good time; a la honne heure. A gentle
exclamation of intreaty. It is now 5 lo^v
word.

vJlliwT ''' ''""r-,"'* '«» ■n-^. he that knows,
Why ,h^ fame watch ? Shakefp. Hamlet.

2. A loft exclamation of wonder.

Good.no^, g,od.nou., how your devotions jump
with mine I oAd

Goo'dliness. „./. [from eood/j.] Btautv"-

grace; elegance. ' '

She fung this fong with a voice no lefs beautiful to

his ears, than her goodlinef, was full of harmony to

ii 1 s eyes • r- • »

The ftatelinefs of houfes, lU goodlinefs of 'treM,'
when we behold them, delighteth the eye. Hooker.
Goo'dly. adj. [from j^ood.]
I. Beautiful; graceful; fine; fplendid.
Now httle in ufe.

A prince of a goodly afpea, and the more ^W/y

by a grave majeity, wherewith his mind did deck

his outward graces. ^.j

A » ji ■ ■ ■ ■ Sidney,

A goodly cty I, this Antium. Sbalefp. CosioZ

,,,..„ "'icnce and forrow Ibove '

.....vw a.tu loiiowurove

Which (hould exprefs htxgoodli.fi: you havof.en
Sunlhme and ra.ii at once. Her fmiles and tears
Were like a wetter May. Sbakefp. King L-ar.

Heie from gracious England have 1 olTer

Kebekah took goodly raiment of her eldell fon
Efau, and put them npon Jacob. Gen. xxvii. ■ e.

goodlier perlon than he. , Sam ix t

And alltheirformes, much ^«.rf//er then before.

He had not made them any recompence fof S
goodly houfes and olive gardens, dcftroyed in "he
tormer wars. '' t, ,,

Iht goodliefi mm o( mta fince born
His ions, the tairelt of her daughters Eve. Milion.

Of the fourth tdwatd was his noble foni. ■
Fieroe,j»,a'^,dalliant, beautiful and young. Va*r.
Not long fince, walking in the field, ""*• "--"'r.
My nurfeand I, we there beheld
A goodly fruit,, which, tempting me,
1 would have pluck'd. pf,- •,

How full of ornaments is all rvlew " "^'

In all its parts I and feems as beautiful as new •
O^c..rf/>ordet'd work I O power divine I '
Ul thee I am, and what I am is th.ie ! Drvde«

His e deft born, a goodly yoah to view, -^ "'
Excell d the reft ,n (hape and outward Ihew:
^air, tall, his limbs in due proportion join'd.
But Ola heavy, dull, degen'rate mind. Diyden.

2. Bulky; fwellmg; afteaedly turgid

Round as 3 globe, and liquor'd every chink.
Goodly and great he (ails behind his luik. DrvJ,n

3. Happy; defireable; gay. -^ "
. England was a peaceable kingdom, and but lately

Seffor. "'" ""* <^°""^ 8°"-""",' of"'-

Wehavemany^»,a'/vdaystofee. Sbjk^fptre
Goodly, ad-v. Excellently. Obfoletc.

rJh r i'""' m\' " "'^'" 1"«nmoft bright,
Uoih flounlh in all beauty excellent •
^ And to her guefts doth bounieous'ban.,uet digliti
Attempered «<,.<//, well for health and for delight

Goo'diyhood. v.f. {itTom gocdly.\ Grlw'"
goodncfs. Obfoletc. J\.^^^^^,

But mote thv goodlihood forgive it me.
To meet which of the gods I (hall ihee name.

Goodman. „./. ^^ood and man. ] ''^"'^"'
'. A llight appellation of civility : gene-
rally ironical, •' ^

How

GOO

Mow B«w, whal's the matter ? part.
—With you, gooJman boy, if you pleale : come,
111 Belli ye. Sbakr/p. KineUai.

2. A ruftick term of compliment ; gafftr.

Nay, hear you, goodman dclver. Shakrff. fhmlei.
But fee the fun-beams bright to labour warn.
And gild the thatch oi goodman Hodge's barn. Gjy.

Old jMJoinn Dnbfon ot the green,
Remembers he the trees has ;een. Siuijt.

Goo'dness. »./. [from ^W.] Defireable
qualities either moral or phyfical ; kind-
nefs ; favour.

If for any thing he loved greatnefs, it was becaufe
therein he might exercifc \i\i good nefs. SidKiy.

There is in all things an appetite or Jefirc, where-
by they incline to fomething which they may be; all
which perfeflions ate contained under the general
name of goodne/i. Hooter.

All goudneft
Is poifon to thy Itomach.

Yes, that goodmfi
Of gleaning all the land's wealth into one.
Into your own hands, cardinal, by extortion :
The goodtufi of your intercepted packets
You writ to (he pope againft the kmg ; your goodnefi.
Since you provoke me, fliall be moft notorious. Shak.
There's no gMi/';.y} in thy face. Sbakrff.

There is a general, or natural goodnifi in creatures,
and a morefpecial or -mynA g<:'jdnefs . Ptrkim,

The geodxefi of every thing is meafured by its end
and ufe, and that's the bed thing which ferves the
beft end and purpofe. TdUlfan.

All made very particular relations of the ftrength of
the Scots army, the excellent difciplinc that was ob-
fei-vcd in it, and the gosdne/ioi the men. Clarendon.
Nobody can fay that tobacco of the fame go^dnefs
is rifen in refpeil of itfelf ; one pound of the fame
gwdnefs will never exchange for a pound and a
quarter of the fame gindnefi. Locke.

Goods, n. f. [from^oei/.]
I. Moveables in a houfe.

That giv'ft to fuch a guell
As my poor felfe, of all thy goods the beft. Chalm.
3. Perfonal or moveable eftate.

That a writ be fu'd againft you.
To forfeit all your goods, lands, tenements,
«aftles, and whatfoever. ^haktff. HemyVl\\.

This hinders nothing the proceedings ol the civil
courts, which lefpeCt the temporal punifliment upon
body and goods. _ Lejlty.

•. Wares ; freight ; merchandife.

Her majefty, when iht goods of our EnglKh mer-
•liants were attached by the duke of Alva, arrefted
likewife the goods of the Low Dutch here in Eng-
land. Raleigh's EJfays.

Sake, that fcorn'd all pow'r and laws of men.
Goods with their owners hurrying to their den.

Waller.

Goo'dy ». /. [corrupted from poo(/wj^.]
A low term of civility ufed to mean
jierfons.

Soft, goodi (heep, then faid the fox, not fo ;
Unto the king fo ralh you may not go. Hubbcrt.

Swarm'd on a rotten ftick the bees I fpy'd.
Which crft 1 faw when goody Dobfon dy'd. Cay.

Plain goody would no longer down ;
•Twas madam in her grograni gown. Swift.

Goo'dvship. ». /. [from goody.'\ The
quality of goody. Ludicrous.

The more (hame ia^\\tx gocdyjliif.
To give fo near a friend the (lip. Hudibras.

GOOSE. »./. plural, ^f^/r. [soj-, Saxons ;

gets, Dutch; gatve, Erfe, fing. ge^ey,

plural.]
I. A large waterfowl proverbially noted, 1

know not why, for foolidincfs.

Thou cream-faced lowt,
Where got'lt thou thatgos/c look ? Shjktfp. Macb.

Since 1 pluckt geeje, play'd truant, and whipt top,
I knew not what 'twas to be beaten till lately.

Sbakefpeare.

Birds moft cafy to be drawn are waterfowl j as the
to-ife and fwan. Peacb.im on Drawing.

Nor watchful dogs, nor the more wakeful gre/e,
Uilturb with nightly noife the facted peace. Drydtii.

G O R

t, A taylor's fmoothing iron.

Come in, taylor : here you may roaft your foofe.

Shakr/p.

Go'o8EBER.1tY. «./. [goofe iaHi btrty, be-
caufe eaten with young geefe as fauce.]
A berry and tree. The fpecics are, i .
The common goofcberry. z. The large
m.nnured goofeberry. 3. The red hairy
goofcberry. 4. The large white Dutch
goofeberry. 5. 'Ihe large amber goofe-
berry. 6. The large green goofeberry.
7. The large red goofeberry. 8. The yel-
low-leaved goofeberry. 9. The ttriped-
Icaved goofeberry. Miller.

Auguft has upon his arm a balket of all manner
of ripe fruits ; as pears, plums, apples, goofeberries.

Peachum,
Upon a goofeberry bufti a fnail I found ;
For always fnails near fweeteft fruit abound. Gay.

Go'osEc.^p. »./. [itom goo/e aad cap.'] A

filly perfon.
Go'osEFOOT. ». /. l^cbencpodium.l Wild

orach.
Go'osEGRAss. tt.f. Clivers; an herb.

Coofrgrafs, or wild lanfy, is a weed that ftrong
clays arc very fubjc^ to. Mortimer.

GO'RBELLY. n.y; [from jop, dung, and
belly, according to Skinner and "Junius. It
may perhaps come from gor, WeKh, be-
yond, too much ; or, as feeras to me
more likely, may be contrafled from
gcrmand, ox gormati's belly, the belly of a
glutton.] A big paunch ; a fwelling belly.
A term of reproach for a fat man.

Go'iiBiLLiED. adj. [hom gorbelly.'] Fat;
bigbcllied ; having fwelling paunches.

Hang ye, gorbellied knaves, are you undone } No
ye fatchutfs, 1 would yourlloie were here. Shakefp.

GoRD. «./. An inftrument of gaming, as
appears from Beaumont and Fletcher.

Warhurlon.

Thy dry bones can reach at notliing now, but

gcrds and ninepins. Beaumont and Fletcher.

Let vultures gripe thy guts ; iot gcrds and Fulham

holds. Shakefp.

GORE. n.f. [jone, Saxon.] gor, Wellh.]
fanious matter.

1 . Blood efFufed from the body.

A griefly wound.
From which forth gufli'd a ftream of gore^ blood

thick.
That all her goodly garment ftain'd around.
And into a deep (anguine dy'd the graffy ground.

Sfenfer.
Another's crimes the youth unhappy bore.
Glutting his father's eyes with guiltlefs^ore. Dryden.

2. Blood clotted or congealed.

The bloody faft
Will be aveng' J ; though here thou fee him die
Rolling in duft and gore. Milton's Paraiife L^fl.

His horrid beard and knotted treffes ftood
Stiff with Xuig'-re, and all his wounds ran blood.

Dcnbain.

ToGoRE. 1'. <7. [jebepian, Saxon.]

1 . To ftab ; to pierce.

Oh, let no noble eye prarane a tear
Forme, if I begoi'a with Mowbray 'sfpcar. Shakef.

No weaker lion's by a ftronger flain ;
Nor from his largertulks the lorell boar
CommilBon takes his brother fwine to gore. "Tate.

For arms his men long pikes andjav'lins bore.
And poles with pointed fteel their foes in battle gore.

Dryden.

2. To pierce with a horn.

Some fofs'd, foroe gor'd, fome trampling down he
kill'd. Diyden.

He idly butting, feigns
His rival gor' J in every knotty trunk. TAsa/. Spring.

GORGE. .». y; igor^e, French.]

GOR

1, The throat ; the fwallow.

There were birds alfo made fo finely, that they
did not only deceive the fight with their figures,
but the hearing with their ibngs, which the y.atty
inllruments did make theirgsrgr deliver. Sidney.

And now how abjiorred in my imagination it is J
my gorge riles at it. Sbake/feare's Ham'.rl.

Her delicate tendernefs will find iifclf abufed, be-
gin to heave the gorge, difrelilli and abhor the
Moor. Sbakeffeare's Othello.

2. That which is gorged or fwallowed. Not

in ufe.

And all the way moft like a brutifli bcaft.
He fpewed up \s\%gorge, that all did him deleft.

Spenfer,

To Gorge, •v.n. [gorger, French.]

1 . To fill up the throat ; to glut ; to fa-
tiate.

Being with his prefence glutted, gorg'd and full.

Shakefpeare.

He that makes his generation mcffes.
To gorge his appetite. Shakefp, King Lear,

Gorge witlimy blood thy barbarous appetite. Dryd.

I defire that they will not gorge the lion either
with nonfenfe or obfceni>)-. Addifn,

Nor would his naugliter'd army now have lain
On Africk's fands, disligur'd with their wounds,
Togorgf the wolves and vultuiesofNumidia. Addif.

The giant, gorg'd with lleih, and wine, and blood,
Andftretchtat length, andfnoringinhisden. Addif.

2. To fwallow : as, the fijh has gorged the
hook,

Go'rged. adj, [from gorge^ Having a

gorge or throat.
Look up a height, the ftirill gorg'd lark fo far

Cannot be fcen or heard. Shakefpeare.

GO'RGEOUS. adj. [gcrgias, old French.

Skiuner,] Fine; fplendid ; glittering in

various colours ; (howy ; magnificent.

O, that deceit fliould dwell
In fuch a gsrgtoxj palace. Shak. Romeo and jfuHet.

As full of Ipirit as the month of Maj ,
And gorgeous a the fun at MIdfummcr. Shakefp,

lie bid them look upon ihemfelves and upon their
enemies, themfclvcs dreadful, their tntm\ti gorgeous
and brave. Hayward.

The gorgeous Eaft, with licheft hand.
Pours on her kings baibaric pearlandgold. Milton,

Wkh gorgeous wings, the marks of lov 'reign fway.
The two contending princes make their way. Dryden.

Go'rgeously. adj. \itom gorge out, "[ Splen*

didly; magnificently; finely.
The duke, one folemn day goygeoujly clad in a

fuit all over fpread with diamonds, loll one of them

of good value. kfollon.

Go'rgeousness. «. /. [fro.-n gorgeo:ij,]

Splendour; magnificence; fliow.
Go'rget. n.f. [from gorge] The piece

of armour that defends the throat.

He with a palfy fumbling on his gorget.
Shakes in and out the rivet. Souk.Troilus andCreffida.

He did oftentimes fpend the night in the church
alone praying, his headpiece, gorget, and gauntlets
lying by him. KnolUs.

See how his gorget peen above his gown.
To tell the people in what dangcrhe was. Ben Jonfon,

About his neck a threefold go'get.
As rough as trebled leathern target. Uudibias,

Go'rgon. n. f. [v«»v«'.] A monfter with
fnaky hairs, of which the fight turned
beholders to ftonc ; any thing ugly or
horrid.

Corgons and hydras, and chymeras dire. Milloti,
Why didlt thou not encounter man lor man.
And try the virtue of that g^rgon face
To rtare me into ftature. Dryden,

GO'RMAND. ». /. [gourmand, French.]
A greedy eater; a ravenous luxurious
feeder.
■Tc Go'rmandize. v. n. \homgormaud.\
To cat greedily ; to feed ravenoufly.

Goilmamui'zer.

G O S

GoRMAKDi'zER. n.f, [from the eerb.] A

voracious eater.
GoRSE. n. f. [gopj-, Saxon.] Furz ; a

thick prickly ftirub that bears yellow

flowers in Winter.
Go'ry. adj. [from goreJ\

1, Covered with congealed blood.

When two boars with rankling malice met,
Theirf oy fides the fi-dh wounds Hen e!y fret. Sftnfn.

Why do'!} thou (hake thy gory locks at me ?
Thou cin'ft not fay I did it. Sbakcff. Macbeth.

2. Bloody ; martherous ; fatal. Not in ufe.

The obli^tion ot* our blood forbids
, A gory emulation *twixt us twain. Shakefp.

Co'sHAWK. n.f. [50J-, goofe, and jjap oc,
a hawk.] A hawk of a large kind.

Such dr^ad his awful vifage on them cart ;
So feem poor i:iic% itgojhaiuks fight aghall. Fairfax,
Go'sLlNC. n.f. [iiom goo/e.'\

1. A young goofej a goofe not yet full
grown.

Why do you go nodding and waggling fo like a fool,
aa if you were hipOiot i fays the goofe to htr gjling.

Vl^ra^gc.

Nafur« hath inifrufted even a brood of gojtingx
to (tick together, while the kite is hovering over
their headv Svilfi.

2. A katkin on nut-trees and pines.
GO'SPEL. n. f. [jobej- n»el, or God's or

good tidings; stiaeyytAicr; fojkel, Jkeal
Juach, happy tidings, Erfe.J

1. God's work; the holy book of the
Chriftian revelation.

Thus may iht gaff tl to the rifing fun
Be fpread, and flourilli where it firrt begun. Italitr.

All the decrees whereof Scripture ireaieth are
eonditionaie, receiving Chrill as the g'ffl offers
him, as Lord and Saviour; the former, as well as
the latter, being the condition of j'cripture-eletlion,
and the reje^ing, or not receiving him thus, the
condition of the fcripture-reprobation. HaamMj.

How is a good Chriflian animated and cheered by
a nedfaft belief of the promifcs oilhzgoffill Btniley.

2. Divinity ; theology.

5o Go'sPEL. I', a. [from the noun.] To fill
with fentiments of religion. This word
in Shakeffeare, in whom alone I have
found it, is ufed, though fo venerable in
itfclf, with fome degree of irony : I fup-
pofe from the gofpellers, who had long
bceen held in contempt.

Arc you fo goffelVd
To pray for this good man, and for his ilTue,
Whofe heavy hand hath bow'd you 10 the grave ?

Shateff.

Go'spELLER. v.f. SStQia. gofpel.'\ A name
of the followers of Wickliffe, who firft
attempted a reformation from popery,
given them by the Papifts in reproach,
from their profefling to follow and preach
only the gofpel.

Thth gofftetitrj have had their golden days.
Have trodden down our holy Roman faith. Ro%ue.

Co'ssAMER. «. /. [gj/ipium, low Latin.]
The down of plants ; the long white cob-
webs which fly in the air in calm funny
weather, efpecially about the time of
Autumn. Hanmer.

A lovo- may beftride thcgrffamour.
That idles in the wanton Summer air.
And yet not fall, fo light is vanity. Siaktff.

Four nimble gnats the horfes were,
Ttiejr hameffes of g'.jfamcrt. Drayton'i Njmfbid.

The fimf goffamtr now flits no more.
Nor halcyons bjflc on ihe fliort funny Dioie. Dryden.
GO'SSIP. n.f. [from gob andj-yb, rela-
tion, affinity; axon.]
I, One who anfwers for the child in bap-
tifm.

\

GOV

Go to a f0f's feaft and gaudy with me,
After fo long grief fuch nativity. Sbakefp.

At the chriftening of George Duke of Clarence,
who was born in the caftle of Dublin, he made both
the Earl of Kildare and the Earl of Ormond his
g'ff'p!. Daviesoi! Ireland.

1. A tippling companion.

And Ibmetimes lurk I in ^ gofftp^s bowl.
In very likeaefs of a roafted crab.
And when (he drinks againll her lips I bob. Shakefp.

3. One who runs about tattling like women
at a lying-in.

To do the office of a neighbour,
And be a guffip at his labour. HuJliras.

'Tis fung in ev'ry fVreet,
The common cliat ofgoj^ps when they meet. Drjd.
To Gossip, 'v.n. [from the noun.]
I, To chat ; to prate : to be merry.
Co to a gollip's feart and gaude with me.
— With all my heart, I'll gtffip at this feaft. Shak.

His mother was a votrefs of my order.
And, i;i the fpiccd Indian air by night,
Full often hath fh; gtjjipi by my fide. Sbaiejp.

The market and exchange murt be left to their own
ways of talking ; and gti/fipings not be robbed of their
ancient privilege. Locke.

He gives himfelf up to an idle g'JJ'P'«g converfa-
tion. Laiv.

z. To be a pot companion.

Nar met with fortune, other than at feaft.
Full warm of blood, of mirthofgo^^/ff^. Siak.^
Go'ssipRED. n.f. [gcffiprj,ixom gofpp.'\

Gfppied crcompaternity, by the canon law, is a

fpiriiual afHnity ; and the juror, that was goflip to

either of the parties, might, in former limes, have

been challei>ged as not indifferent. Daviti.

Go'sTlNC. n.f.l^rubia.l An herb. Ainfiu.

Got, fret, [from the verh ge/.]

Titus Lartius writes, they fought together ; but
Aufidius got off. Sbakefp. Curlolaiui.

If you have ftreiigth Achilles' arms 10 bear.
Though foul Therfites got thee, thou fhalt be
Lov'd and etfeem'd. Drydert^t fuvenal.

Thefe regions and this realm my wars have got ;
This mournful empire is the lofer's lot. Diyden.

When they began to reafon about the means how
the fea got thither, and away back again, there ihey
were prefently in the dark, ffoodivard't Nat. Hift.
Got • part. paff. oi get.

Solyman commended them for their valour in
their evil haps, in a plot fo well by them laid, more
than he did the viflory of others^©/ by good foriune,
not grounded upon any good reafon. Knotles.

.\ gentle petfualion in reafoning, when the tirll
point ot fubmiflion to your will is got, will moft
times do. Locke.

If he behaves himfelf fo when he depends on us
for his daily bread, can any man fay what he will do
when he is got above the world } A) buibnot.

Thou wcrt from .£tna*S burning entrails torn.
Col by fierce whirlwinds, and in thunder born.

Pope.
Go'tten. part. paff. of get.

Wifdomcannot be^5//e« for gold. ^0^, xxviii. 15.

Few of them, when they are gotltn into an
office, apply their thoughts to the execution of it.

Temp/e.

GouD. n.f, Woad: a plan W Dia.

Govt. n.f. A mow. Tuffer.

To Gove, -k, ». To mow; to put in a
gove, goff, or mow. An old word.

Load fafe, carry home, follow time being fair.
Cove juft in the barn, it is out of defpair. Tuffer.
To GO'VERN. "u. a. [gouveruer, French ;
guberno, Latin.]

1. To rule as a chief magiftrate.

This inconvenience is more hard to be redrclTcd
in the governor than the governed j as a malady in a/
vital part is more incurable than in an external.

Spenfer on Ireland.

Slaves to our paftions we became, and then
It grows impoifible to govern men. iyaller ^

2. To regulate ; to influence ; to dircft.

I am at prcfeni »%aia& war, though it putt the

GOV

power into my hands, and though fuch turbulent
and naughty fpirits as you are, govern all things in
times of peace. Davenant.

The chief point, which he is to carry always iit
his eye, and by which he is to govern all his coun-
fels, defigns, and atflions. Atterbury.

3. To manage; to reftrain.

Go after her, Ihe's defperate ; govern her. Shak,

4. [In grammar.] To have force with re-
gard to fyntax : as, amo gcmems the ac-
cufative cafe.

Liffen, children, unto me,
fifii let this your leffon be.
In our language evermore
Words \h^\. govern go before. l^lauger*s Fr. Gram,

5. To pilot ; to regulate the motions of a
fhip.

To Go'vERN. <v, n. To keep fuperiority i
to behave with haughtinefs.

By that rule,
Your wicked atoms may be working aow
To give bad counfel, that you ftill may governs

Drydtrr,
Go'vERNABLE. adj. Uiovn go<vem.^ tiub-
mifTive to authority; fubjeft to rule; obe-
dient ; manageable.

The flexiblenefs of the former p.wt of a man's
age, not yet grown up to be headllrong, makes it
more governable and fafe. Locke,

Governance, n.f. \Jtom gii-vern.'\

1. Government;, rule ; management.

Jonathan look the governance upon him at that
time, and rofe up inliead of his brother Judas.

I 'fac. ix. 31.

2. Controul, as that of a guardian.

Me he knew not, nticher his own ill,
'Till through wife handling, and hir governance,
I him recurred to a better will. Sptifer,

What! ftiall King Henry be » pupil ftill, ■ »
Under the furly Glolfcr's governance f Shakcf^^

3. Behaviour; manners. Ohfolete.

He likeft is to fall into mifchance

That is rcgavdlefs of his governance, Spenfer.

Go'vERNANT. n.f. [gcitvemanle, French.]

A lady who has the care of young girls

of quality. The more ufual and proper

word is gonjtrnefs.
Go'v ER N ESS. n.f. \gomierntreffe, old French,

from gi^e.^

1. A female invefted with authority^

The moon, the gox'erncfs of floods.
Pale in her anger, wafties all the air,
That rhcumatick difeafes do abound. Shakefp.

2. A tutorefs; a woman that has the care
of young ladies.

He prefenied himfelf unto her, falling down upofX
both his knees, and holding up his hands, as the old.
governifs of Danae is painted, when Oie fuddenly
law the golden Ihower. Sidney,

His three younger children vittt taken from ihe
governifs in whofe hands he put them. Clarendon,

3. A tutorefs; an inftruftrefs ; a direftrefs.

Great affliction that fevere governefs of the life of
man brings upon thofc fouls Ihe fcixes on.

More againjl Alhelfm,
Go'vERNMENT. V.f, [gcuieinement, Fr.]
I. Form of a community with refpeft to the
difpofition of the fupreme authority.

There feem to be but two general kinds of ^o-
vernment in the world : the one exercifed according
to the arbitrary commands and will of fome iingle
perfon; and the other according to certain orders or
laws introduced by agreement or cultom, and not
to be changed without the confent of many, ^temple.
No governtnent can do any adt to limit itfclf: the
fupreme legillative power cannot make itfelf not to
be abfolute. Lrfley.

2. An eftablifhed ftate of legal authority.

There they fhall found
Tht'ir government, and their great fenate chufe
Through the twelve tribes, t* rule by liiws ordain'3.

Milton,
While

G O U

"While he furvires, in concord and conteot
The commonj live, by no divirtun rent ;
But the gre»I monarch'! death dilfolvej tlie gmrm-
mrnt. Dry dm.

Every one knows, who has eonfidcred the nature
blgot'ertifnent^ that there muft be in each panicular
form nt it an abfolute unlimited power. Aidifon.

Where any one perfon or body of men feize into
their handi the power in the laft refort, there is pro-
perly no longer a gnernmcnt, but what Ariftotle
and his followers call tlic abufc or corruption of one.

SvLiift.

3. Admlnillration of publicic affairs.

Safety and equal j»trr«rM^^r are things
Which lubjc^s make as happy as their ki rtgs. H'aller,

Thofe rnr'nmtitli which curb not evils, caufe ;
And a rich knave's a libel on our laws. Young,

4. Regularity of behaviour. Not in ufe.

You needs mull learn, lord, to amend this fault ;
Though fometimes it Ihews greatnefs, courage, blood,
Yet oftentimes it doth prefent harlh rage,
■Defedl of manners, wint oi government ^
Pride, haughiliiefs, opinion, and difdain. Shakt[j>.

'Tii gc-vernment that makes them fccm divine ;
The want thereof makes thee abominable. Shjkefp.

5. Manageablencfs i compliance; obfequi-
oufnefs.

Thy eyes windows fall.
Like death, when he Ihutsup the day of life;
Each part depriv'd ot fupple g'jvernmtnt.
Shall Ills' and Hark, and cold appear, like death.

Shahtfptare.

6. Management of the limbs or body. Ob-
folete.

Their god
Shot many a dart at me with fit rce intent j
•But 1 them warded all with vi^x'j govtrnment.SpenJer.

7. [In grammar.] Influence with regard to
conftruftion.

Go'vERNOuR. n.f. [gaieverneur, French.]
J. One who has the fupreme direftion.

It mud be confefTed, that of ChriH, working as a
creator and a govemour of the world by providence,
all are f Irtakers. Hooier,

They beget in us a great idea and veneration of
the mighty author and govrrnourot fuch Hupendous
hodies, and excite and elevate our minds 10 his
adontion and praife. BeMtly.

2. One who is inverted with fupreme au-
thority in a ftate.

For the kingdom is the Lord's and he is the go.
verncur imon% the nations. Pf, «ii. i3.

The magillrate cannot urge obedience upon fuch
potent grounds as the minilfcr, if fo difpofed, can
urgedilbbedience: as, for indance, if my govtrnour
ihould command me to do a thing, or 1 muft die,
or forfeit my eflate ; and the minilter Heps in and
tells me, that 1 offend God, and ruin my foul, if I
obey that command, 'tis eafy to lee a greater force
in this perfuation. Scuib.

3. One who rules any place with delegated
and temporary authority.

To you, lord gm'tntotirt
Kemains the cenlure of this hellilh villain. Sbakefp,

4. Atutor; one who has care of a young
man.

To Eltam will I, where the young king is.
Being otdain'd his fpecial guvernovr ; '

And lor his fafety there I'll beft dcvife. Siakefp.

The great work of a goijernoi/r is to fafhion the
carriage, and form the mmd ; to fettle in his pupil
good habits, and the principles ol virtue and wifdom.

I^ocke.

During the minority of kings, the elcAion of
hiHiops, and other atfaiis of the church, mu/t be Left
in the bands ot their gavernouri and courtiers.

^■^'^^
c. Pilot ; regulator ; manager.

Behold all the Ihips, which though they be fo

great, and arc driven of hcrce winds, yet they are

Curr.ed about with a very Imall helm, whitherfoever

the gyt'trnour tilleth. jftt. iii. 4.

GOUGE, n.f. [French.] A chiflel having
a round edge, for the cutting of fuch

G O W

I wood as is to be rounded or hollowed.

Moxon.
Go'ujERES. »./. \goujf, French; a camp
trtill.] The French difeafe. Hanmer.
Gourd, n.f. [gouhorde, French.]

1. A pbnt. The fruit of fome fpecies are
long, of others round, or bottle ftiaped.

Miller.

But I will hafte, and from each bough and brake.
Each plant, and juiciell gourd, will pluck fuch choice
To entertain our angel-giieft. Millon'i Par. Ltft.

Gourd feeds abound fo much in oil, that a fweet
and pleafant one may be drawn from thence by tx-
prelUon ; they are of the four greater cold feeds, and
are ufed in emulfions. Hill.

2. A bottle [from gourt, old French.
Skinner.'l The large fruit fo called is often
fcooped hollow, for the purpofe of con-
taining and carrying wine, and other li-
quors : from thence any leathern bottle
grew to be called by the fame name, and
fo the word is ufed by Chaucer. Hanmer.

Gou'rdiness. u. /. [from gourd.'\ A
fwelling in a horfe's leg after a journey.
Farrier's Diil.
GouRNET. n.f. [cuculas.'] A filb.
GOUT. n.f. [goutte, French.]

1. The arthritis; a periodical difeafe at-
tended with great pain.

The^oW is a difeafe which may aScSt any mem-
braneous part, but commonly thofe which are at
the grealell dil^ance from the heart or the brain,
where the motion of the fluids is the floweft, the
reiiftance, friflion, and ftrifture of the folid parts
the jreatell, and the fenfation of pain, by the dilaccra-
tionof the nervous fibres, extreme. ArbuthnotonDiet.

One that's tick o' th' gout, had rather
Groan fo in perplexity, than be cur'd
By the fure phyfician death. Shak. Cymbeline.

This very reverend lecher, quite worn out
VVith rheumatifms, and crippled with hts^i-w.
Forgets what he in youthful times has done
And fwinges his own vices in his fon. Dryden.

2. A drop, [gou/le, French; gri/ta, Latin.]
Gut for Jroj) is ftill ufed in Scot.and by
phyficians.

I fee thee ftill.
And on the blade o' th' dudgeon ^iw/j of blood.
Which was not fo before. Sbakefp. Macbeth

GOVT. n.f. [French.] A tallc. An afFcclcd

cant word.
Catalogues ferve for a direflion to any one that

has a gout for the like ftudies. kVoodtvard on Foffih.
Go'uTWORT. n. f. [gout and lusrl, foda-

grar/a.] An herb. AiaJ-worth.

Go'uTY. adj. [from_fo»/.]

1. Afflifled or difeafed with the gout.

There dies not above one of a thoul'and of the
gout, although I believe that more diegou/y. Oraunt,

Knots upon his gouty joints appear.
And chalk is in his crippled tingers found. Dryden.

Mort commonly a gouty conftitution is attended
with great acutcnefs of parts, the nervous fibres,
both in the brain and the other extremities, being
delicate. Artuthmt on Diet.

2. Relating to the gout.

There are likewife other caufcs of blood fpitting;
one is the fcttlement of a gouty matter in the fub-
ftancc of the lungs. liljckmore^

GOWN. n.f. [gonna, Italian; ^it;//,WelIh

and Erfe. ]
I . A long upper garment.

Thev make garments either (hort, as cloaks, or,
as gotvtit, long to the ground. Abbot.

If ever I faid a loofcbodied gov:n, few me up in
the Ikirts of it, and beat mc to death with a bottom
of brown thread ; 1 faid a gvwn. Shakrfp.

In length of train dcfcends her fweepingyc-u'/i.
And by lict graceful walk, (he ^ucca of love is known.

Dryden.

G R A

2. A woman's upper garment.

I defpife your ntvi gceun, 'till I fee you drel1i»i ia

'*; . ^"f-

3. The long habit of a man dedicated to

afts of peace, as divinity, medicine, law.

The benefices themfelves are fo mean in Irirti
counties, that they will not yield any competent
snaintenance for an honeft minifter, fcatcely to buy
him a goiun. Spenfer on Inland.

Girt in his Cabin go-wn the hero fat. Dryden.

Yet not fuperior to her fei's cares.
The mode Ihe fixes by the gown (he wears ;
Of filks and china Ihe's the laft appeal ;
In thcfc gieat points fhe loads the common weal.

Young.

4. The drefs of peace.

He Mars depos'd, ajid arms to ^ott'/rr made yield;
Succefsful councils did him foon approve
As fit for clofc intrigues as open field. Dryden.

Go'wNED. adj. [from gtnvn.] Dreffed in
a gown.

A noble crew about them waited round
Of fage and fober peers, all gravely giivn'd. .Spenfer.

in velvet white as fnow the troo^ v.- a% go^vn'd^
The fcams with fparkling emeralds fet around.

Dryden.
Go'wNMAiV. n.f.[gowi:n 3n& man.'] A man
devoted to the arts of peace ; one whofe
proper habit is a gown.

Let him with pedants

Pore out his life amongft the \iz-j goivnmen. Roue.

Ilius will that whole bench, in an age or two,

be compofed of mean, fawning^cTc/ffmen, dependant*

upon the court for a morfel of bread. Svi/i.

7«Gra'bble. 11. n. [probably corrupted
itom grapple .'] To grope; t» feel eagerly
with the hands.

My blood chills about my heart at the thought ^
of thefe rogues, with their bloody hands graibling
in my guts, and pulling out my very entraiU.

ArhutbnoCi 'Joltn Bull ,

To Gra'bble. i>. a. To lie proftrate on
the ground. Ainfworth.

GRACE, n.f. [grace, French; gratia, Li-
tin ; graace, Erfe.]

1. Favour; kindncfs.

If the liigheft love in no bafe perfon may afpirc
to grace, then may 1 Ijope your beauty svill not be
without pity. Sidney.

O momentary grace of mortal men.
Which we more hunt lor than the grace of God !

Sbakefp,
Such as were popular.
And well deferving, wereadvanc'd bygr«rt. Z)<i»;V/.

Is this the reward and thanks I am to have for
thofe many aits of grace I have lately parted ?

JCing C bat leu
Yet thofe remov'd,
Such grace (hall one juft man find in hrs fight.
That he relents, not to blot out mankind. Milion.

He receiv'd all the graces and degrees, the proc-
torlhip and the doctorlhip could be obtained there.

Clarendon.

Or each, or all, m.iy win a lady's ^racei
Then cither of you knights may well defcive
A princcfs born. Drydm's Fables.

None of us, who now your grace implore
But held the rank of fov'reign queen before. Dryden.

Pioflcr'd fcrvice I lepaid the fair.
That of her grace ihe gave her maid to know
The fciret meaning of this moral Ihow. Drydern.

2. Favourable influence of God on the hu-
man mind.

The grace of God, that padith underftanding,
keep your hearts and minds. Common Prayer.

The evil of lin is that we are efpecially to pray
againft, moll earncftly begging of God, that he wili,
by the power of his ^lar^, preferve us from falling
into fin. Duty of Man.

Pr«venientgr<7«defcenditig had remov'd
The (tony from their hearts, and made new flefh
Regenerate grow inllead. Milton.

8. Virtue ; eifed of God's influence.

Withia

G R A

With'in the church, in the publicic pr.:>f'clIion and
cxiernal communion tliereof, are contained perfens
truly good and fandtified, and herealter faved ; and
together with them other perfons void of ail faving
^racff and hereafter to be damaed. Fcarfon,

How Van wants gracf who never wanted wit.

Pope.

4. Pardon ; mercf.

Noble pity held
His hand a while, and to their choice give fpace
Which they would prove, his valour or his grace.

Bow and fue for grace
With fuppliant knee. Miiton,

5. Favour conferred.

] Oiould therefore efteem it great favour and ^raf^,
Would you be fo kind as to go in my place. Pyior,

6. Privilege.

But to return and view the cheerful Ikies,

To few great Jupiter imparts this grace. DryJiti.

•J. A goddefs, by the heathens fuppofed to
beftow beauty.

This forehead, where your «rfe has faid
The loves delighted and the gracet play'd. Prhr.

8. Behaviour, confidered as decent or un-
becoming.

The fame words in Philoclea's mouth, as from
one woman to another, fo as there were no other
body by, might have had a better j>a«, and per-
chance have found a gentler receipt. Sidney.

Have 1 reafon or good grace in what I do ?

Temple.

9. Adventitious or artificial beauty; plea-
ling appearance.

One lilac only, with aftatelier^arr,
Prefura'd toclaim the oak's and cedar's place ;
And, looking round him with a monarch's care.
Spread his eulied boughs to wave in air. HarU.

Her purple habits fiu with fuch igrace.
On her fmooih Ihoulders, and fo fuiu her face.

DryJ. Xn.

To write and fpeak correflly gives a grace and
gaioi a favourable attention to what one has to fay.

Lxki.

10. Natural excellence.

It doth grieve me, that things of principal eicel-
lency Ihould be thus bitten at by men whom God
hath endued with^r^rer both of wit and learning,
tor better purpofcs. Hooker.

Tofome kind of men,
Their gracei ferve them but as enemies. Sbakeff,

Inhis oviagraceYit doth exalthimfelf
More than in your advancement. Sbakeff,

The charming Laufus, full of youthful fire.
To Turnus only fecond in the grace
Of manly mien, and teaturesot the face. DryJnt,

li. Embellilhment ; recommendation; bcau-

Where julVice grows, there grows the grcater^rac,.
The which doth quench the brand of hellnh fmart.

Sfttijer,

Set all things in their own peculiar place.
And know that order is the greaied grace. Dryd.

The flow'r which lafts for little fpace,
A (hort-hv'd good, and an uncertain grace. Dryd.

12. Single beauty.

Ipals their form and every charming jr«». Dryd.

13. Ornament; flower; higheft perfcftion.

By their hands this grace of kings muft die.
If hell and treafon hold their promifes. Hbakefpeare,

14. Single or particular virtue.

The king-becoming fiae»,
As Juftice, verity, ttmp'rancc, lUbleneft,
Devotion, patience, courage, fortitude,
I have no relilh for them. Hhakejp. Macbeth.

The gtacn of hn religion prepare him for the moll
ufeful diKharge of every relation of lite. Rtgers.

15. Virtue phyfical.

O, mickle is the pow'rful grace that liet
In plants, herbs, ftones, andUtcir true aualiiies.
_, . ^hakeffeart.

16. The title of a duke or archbilhop ;
formerly of the king, meaning the fame
atycar gcodneft, 01 yfurclemtncy.

Here come J from oar priavclygeneial.
Vet. J. '

G R A

To know yoW griefs? to tell you from his grace,
Tnat he will give you audience. Sbak. Henry IV.

High and mighty king, -jow grace, and ihofe your
nobles here prefent, may be pleafed to bow your
ears. Bacon's HennyyW.

According to the ufual proceeding ot your grace
and of the court, with delin<)uenis which are over-
taken wiih error in fimplicity, there was yielded unto
him a deliberate, patient, and full hewing, together
with a fatisfadlory anfwer to all bis main objcitiors.

mhe.

17. A fiiort prayer faid before and after
meat.

Your foldicrs ufe him as thegM« 'fore meat.
Their talk at table, and their thanks at end. &hak.
While grace is faying after meat, do you and y.our
brethren take the chairs from behind the company.

S-wifi.
Then cheerful healths, your miftttfs (hall have
place ;
And what's more rare, a poet (liall fay grace. Pope.

Grace-cut. n, /. f grace and <■«/.] Ihc
cup or health drank after grace.

The ^.rr-f.f »^ fcrv'd, the cloth away,
Jove thought it time to Ihew his play. Prior.

Ta Grace, -v. a. [from the noun.]

1. To adorn; to dignify; to embellith ;
to recommend ; to decorate.

This they Ifudy, this they praftice, this they
grace with a wanton fuperfluity of wit. Hooker.

1 do not think a braver gentleman.
More daring, or moro bold is now alive.
To grace this latter age with noble deeds. Sbjkr/p,

Little of this great world can 1 fpeak.
And therefore little Ihall I grace my caufe.
In fpeaking for myfclf. Sbake/peare's Othelh.

Theie ii due from the judge to the advocate fome
commendation and gracing, wh*re caufes art well
handled. Bacon.

Rich crowns wene on their royal fcutcheons pljc'd,
With faphires, diamonds, and with rubies ^^c'l/.

Uryd,n.

By both his parents of defcent divine ;
Great Jove and Phtebus^rac'^/his nobler line. Pope.

Though triumphs were to generals only due.
Crowns were rclcrv'd to grace the foldicrs too. Pofe.

2. To dignify or raife by an ad of favour.

He writes
How happily he lives, how well belov'd,
And daily ^rtfrerfby the emperor. Siai.

He might at hit plcafure grace or difgrace whom
he would in court. Knollei.

Difpofe all honours of the fword and gun,
Grace with a sod, and ruin with a frown, Diyden.

3. To favour.

When the guelh withdrew,
Theircourteous hoft faluling all the crew,
Regardlefs pali'd her o'er, nor grac'd with kind
adieu. Dryd.

Gra'ced. ai//, [from grace.]
J. Beautiful; graceful. Not in ufe.

He faw this gentleman, one of the properell and
\x& graced men thu tnc I Ciw, being of a middle
age and a mean llature. Sidney.

2. Virtuous; regular; chafte. Not in ufe

Epicutifra and luA
Make it more like a tavern or a brothel.
Than a grac'd palace. .Sbakifp, King I^ar.

Gra'ceful.(7-j)'. [from ^r«<-e. J Beautiful

with dignity.
, Amid the troops, and like iheleading cod,
High o'er the reft in arm»the^iarr/i(/Turnu»rode.

Dryd.
Matchlefs his pen, vifloriouj was his lance ;
Bold in the lifts, and graceful in the dance. Pope.

Ytt graceful mk, and Iweetnels void of pride,
Might hide her faults, if belles hadfauluto hiJe.

Pope.
Graceful to fight, and elegant to thought.
The great are vonquifli'd, and the wife are uught.

Young.

Gra'cefully. oi/f, [ftom gmcf/u/. [Ele-
gantly; withpleafing dignity.

Through nature and through art <he rang'd.
And graceful^ her fubjcft chang'd. Jti'///. '

WaUiingii (he mode ur Dikmei ofoiani or ot a

G R A

beaft ; but walking gracefully implies anlmreror
mode (iipcradded to that action. H'ntis's L'.g f-''.

Gra'cefulness. ft. J, [from grncefuL]
Elegance of manner ; dignity with beauty.
His neck, hishandj, his (houlders, and his bread,
Did next \n ^racefulnefs iwi beauty iiand
To breathing figures. Drydcn't Ovid,

Heexecutcd with fd mach gracrfulnefi and beauty^
that he alone got money and reputation. Drydtn,
■ There is a fecrct gracefubufs of youth whicK
accompanies his writings, though the llaidnefs and
fobriety of age be wanting. Dryden'sOvid, Preface.

If hearer^ are araai'd from whence
Proceeds that fund of wit and feiife,
Which, though her modefty would fhroud.
Breaks like the fun behind a cloud ;
VlhWc gracefulnrfs its art conceals,
And yet through ev'ry motion deals. Svi'tff.

Gra'celess. adj. [from grace.l Void of
grace ; wicked ; hopelefly corrupt ; aban-
doned.

This gracelefs man, for furtherance of his guile.
Did court the handmaid of my lady dear, Spenfer,

V^'hofe hap (hall be to have her*
Will not iagraceltfs be, to be ingrate. Shakefpeare.

In all manner ol^ri»c^/^r and hopelefs characters,
fome are lolt for want of advice, and others for want
of heed. L' EJlrange.

Furnifh'd for offence, he crofs'd the way, ,

Betwixt the ^ia«/yt villain and his prey. DryJeit.
Gra'ces. n. f. Good graces for favour i».
feldom ufed in the lingular.

Demand deir r 'ry of her heart.
Her goods and chattels, and good^r^cer.
And pcrfon up to his embraces. Hudilira>.

Gra'cile. adj, [^rflf/'//>, Latin.] Slender

fmall. V Dtii.

GnA'ciLENT.ffijy. [jgracilefitui,LSii.'\ Lean.

Dia.

Graci'lity.« f. [graciliias, Latin. ]Skn-

dernefs ; fmallnefs.
GRA'CIOUS. adj. [gracleux, French.]

1. Merciful; Benevolent.

Common fenfe and reafon could not btlt tell fh'em,
that the good and graciout Cod could not \k pltofed,
nor confcquently worlhippcd, with' any thing bar-
barous or cruel, Sotcrb.

To be good and gracious, and a lorer of know,
ledge, ire two of the molt amiable thingi. Burner.

2. Favourable ; kind.

And the Lord was gracious unto them, and had

compaflion on them. z Kings, x\\\, ti,

Unblam'd Ulyfles' houfe, '^'^

In which I find receipt fo gracious, CbapmoH,

From now reveal
A gracious beam of light ; from now infpire
My tongue to fing, my hand to touch the lyre.

Priori

3. Acceptable ; favoured.

Doftrineis much more profitable »d6 gracious, by
example than by rule. Spenfer,

He made us gracious before the kings of Perfia,
fo that theygave us food. i Efdr. viii. 80.

Coring, who was now general of the borfe, was na
more gracious to prince Rupert than Wilmot ha4
been. Clarendon,

4. VirttJous; good.

Kings arc no left unhappy, their iflue not being
gracious, than they arc inloling them when they have
approved their virtues, Shakefp. If inter' stale.

3. Excellent. Obfolete.

The grievous abufc which^hatli been ofcouncilt^
Ihould rather caufe men to itudy how Co gracious a
thing may again be reduced to that hrft perfection.

Hooker,

6. Graceful ; becoming. Obfoletc.

Our women's names arc more gracious than tlxir
Rutilia, tkat is red head. Camden.

Gra'ciously. ad-v, [from^)v7f/V»j.]
I. Kindly; with kindcondefccnflon.

His teltimony he graciotijly confirmed, -ihat it wtc
thebellof all my tragedies. Dryd.

He heard my vows, and ^r.rr/0//^ decreed
My grounds to be ledorcd, mjf lorincr Hocks to feed.

Dtjden.

it u

G R A

If her majedy would bat gracloujly be c\eai(cd to
ihink a haidlhip of this Datute woiiiiy her toyal
confidcralion. Sv.i/l

2. In a pleafing manner.
Cra'ciousness. »./. [(torn gracious.]

1. Kind condefcenfion.

The gracioufnefs and temper of this anfiver made
" no iropreirion on them. Clartndon.

2. Pleafing manner.

Grada'tion. ». /. [gradation, French;
gradus, Latin.]

1. Regular progtefs from one degree to

another.

The defire of more and more rifes by a nadinl
gradaliin to moft, and after that to all. L.Efiraiig<.

2. Rcgnlar advance ftep by ftcp.
•t.. From thence

"By cold graiation, and well balanc'd forffli

'%Velhallproreed with Aagelo. Shakefp.

The pfalmill very elct;anily exprefleih to us the

it\exs.\ gr3ii.it:crs by which men aclaft come to (his

. horrid degree ot impiety. liUotJon.

3. Order ; fequence ; feries.

* Tis the curfe of lervice ;
Preferment goes by letter and afifcttion.
Not, as of old, gradjiisx, where each fecond
Stood heir toth'lirlh ShakfJptare'tOliielio.

4. Regular procefs of argument.

Certain it is, by a direS gradalinn, of confe-

■ quences from this principle ot merit, that the obli-
gation to gratitude flows from, and is enjoined by
the firft dictates of nature. _ Soutt.

Gra'uatory. w./. [^ra^«/, Latin.] Steps
• from the cloillers into the church.
' - Ainfivorih.

GKA'oitvT.aJj. [gradieut.lAtla.] Walk-
ing ; moving by fteps.

Amongft tho(c gradient automata, that iron fpider
isefpecially remarkable, which, being but ofan or-
dinary bigncfs, did creep up and down as if it had
been alive. ffilkim.

GRA'DUAL. adj. [graduel, French.] Pro-
ceeding by degrees ; advancing ftep by
ftep ; From one ftage to another.

Nobler birth
Of creatures animate' with gradual life.
Of growth, fcnfe, teafoo, all fumm'd up in man.

Milicn.
Men flill fuppofe a graduaJ natural progrcfsof
things; as that, from great, things and peifonslhould
grow greater, 'till at length, by many fteps and af-
•cents they come to be at greaieli. Soaii.

Gra'du A L. »./, [gradus, Latin.] An or-
der of fteps. .

Before the gradual proftrate they ador'd.
The pavement kifs'd, and thus the taint imploi 'J.

nrydal.

Gradua'lity, a./, [(xora gradual. '\ Re-

■ gular progreflion.

This lome afcribe unto the mixture of the ele-
ments, othei» to the gradualiiy of opacity and light.

Brawn.

Gra'doally. ad-v. [horn gradual.']
It By degrees ; in regular progreflion.

Vvhen the moon paiSt over the fined Itars, tnJ
ef lipfes tltcm, your light vauiihes ; not gradually,
like that of the planets, but all at once. Nnvun.

The Author of our being weans us gradually from
our fondoefs of life the nearer we approach towards
the c-ad of it. Swift.

Human creatures are able to bear air of much
greater denfity in diving, and of much lefs upon the
tops of mountains, provided the changes be made
gradualiy. Arbulhnol.

i. In denee.

Human rcafon doth not only gradually, but fpe-
■ eifically differ from the lantalUck rcafon oi biutcs.

Grew.

Tt GRA'DUATE. v. a. [graduer, French ;

gradui, Latin.]
1 . To dignify with a degree in the univer-

£(y.

G R A

John Tregonwel graduated a AoGor tnd dabbed a
knight, did good fcivice. Carfti'i Surv. ofCi^rnvj.

Concerning columns and other adjunfts, architects
make fuch a noife, as if the terms of architraves
frizes, and cornices, were enough to graduate^ maf-
ter of this art. fVotun

2. To mark with degrees.

Tlie places were marked where the fptrits Rood at
the fevered cold and greateft heat, and according to
thefe obfervations he graduates his thermometers.

Deibam.

3. Toraife to a higher place in the fcale of
metals : a chemical term.

The tinflure was capable to trinfmute ot graduate
as much lilver as equalled in weight that gold. BayU.

4. To heighten ; to improve.

Not only vitriol is a Caiife of blackriefs, but the
falts of natural bodies: and dyers advance and piii-
duJle theircolours with falts. Brnun'i Vulgar trr.

Gra'duate. »./. [^(W««, French ; from
gra.his, Latin.] A man dignified with
an academical degree.

Oi graduata I dillike the learned rout,
And cliufc a female dollar for the gout. Bramjlon.

Gradua'tion. n./. [gradual ion, Ynndn.]
from graduate^

1. Regular progreffioii by fucceffion of de-
grees. •

'X\\t graduation of the parts of the univerfe is
likewifc neceiTary to the perfedtion of the whole.

Grexu,

2. Improrement ; exaltation of qualities.

Of greater repugnancy unto reafon k that wliich
he delivers concerning its graduation, that heated
in fire, and often extingullhed in oyl of mars or
iron, the loadllone acquires an ability to estradl a
nail fartened in a wall. Broiun.

3. The aft of conferring academical de-
degrees.

Graff. », y; A ditch; a moat. See
Grave.

Though the fortifications were not regular, yetths
walls were good, and the ^rj^broad and deep.

Clarendon.

Graff, 7 »•/• [greffe, French.] A fmall

Graft, 5 branch inferred into the ftock

of another tree, and nourilhed by its fap,

but bearing its own fruit ; ayoungcyon.

God gave unto man all kinds of feeds andgivj^of
life ; as the vegetative life of plants, the fenlual of
beads, the rational of man, and the intelledlual of
angels. Raleigh.

It is likely, that a; in fruit-trees l\\t graft makclh
a greater fruit, fo in trees that bear no truit it will
make the greater leaves. Bacun.

'Tis ufual now an inmate graff to fee
With infolencc invade a foreign tree. Dryd'n'sVirg.

If you cover the lop with clay and hoi'lc-dung, in
the fame manner as you do a graft, it will help to
heal the fooner. Mori.

Now the cleft rind inferred graffs receives.
And yields an of^pring more Uian nature gives.

Pel-e.

To Graft. } [■^■"■S^ff^'' French.]

1. To infert a cyon or branch of one tree
into the ftock of another.

His growth is but a wild and fruitlefs plant ;
I'll cut his bairren branches to the ftock,
And graft you on to bear. Dryd. Dsn Sehafl.

With t^is pruning hookdii^join'd .
Unbcaring branches from their head.
And graft more happy in their Read. Dryden.

2. To propagate oy iufertion or inocula-
tion.

Now let me jrij^my pears and prune the vine.

Drydtn.

3. To infert into a place or body to which
it did ryat originally belong.

And they alio, if they bide not Hill in unbelief,
(hall be graged lu } for God is abk to graff theiii in
again. Rinuvtt,

G R A

Thefe are th' Italian names which fatej will join
With outs, and graff Mfoa the Trojan line. Dryd.

4. To impregnate with an adftititious
branch.

We've Tome old crab-trees here at home, that will

not
Be grafted to your relifti. Shateffteare's Coriulanat,

The noble ifle doth want her proper limbs ;
Her royal ftock gr.tft with ignoble plants. Sliakefp.

5. To join one thing fo as to receive fup-
port from another.

This refulution againd any peace with Spain is a
new incident p-r.i/?c</ upon the original quarrel, by
the intrigues of a tadion among us. .Vw;/>.

May 01 e kind 'rave unite each hapleCs name.
And graft my love immortal on thy fame. Pafe.
To Gr a i F "v. n. To praftice infition.

In March is good graffing the (kilful do kn6w.
So long as the wind in the Eaft do not blow :
From rnoon being changed, 'till pad be the prime,
for graffing and cropping is very good time. Tujfer.

To hAve fruit in greater plenty the way is to graft,
not only upon young docks, but upon divers boughs
of an old trce» for they will bear great numbcis of
fruit J whereas, if you gr<j/> but upon one llock, the
tiee can bear but few. Bacon.

Gra'fter. n.f. [ixom graff or graft.] One
who propagates fruit by grafting.

I am informed, by the trials of the mod (kilful
grafters of thefe parts, that a man (hall feldom fail
of having cherries borne by his graft the fame year
in which the Infition is made. Evelyn.

Grau,. u.f. [from grele, French.] Small
particles of any kind.

Hereof tliis gentle knight unweeting was.
And lying down upon the fandy grailr.
Drank of the fticam as clear as cryftal glafs. Sfenf,

GRAIN. ». / [graine, French ; granum,
Latin ; gram, Italian, has all the follow-
ing fignifications,]

1. A fingle feed of corn.

Loo'x into'the feeds of time.
And fay which grain will grow, and which will not.

Shakefpeare.

His teafons are as two |fra/Hr of wheat hid in two
bulhelsof chaff. Shakeffeare's Merchant of Venice,

Let them pronounce the deep Tarpeian death.
Vagabond exile, flaying, pent to linger
But with a grain a day, I would not buy
Their mercy at the price of one fair word . Shatefp,

Manyofthe ears, being fix inches long, had fixiy
grains in them, and none lefj than forty. Mortimer.

2. Corn.

As it ebbs the fcedfman
Upon the (lime and ooze fcattcrs his grain.
And Ihortly comes to harveft. Sbakefp.

Pales no longer fwell'd the teeming grain.
Nor Phcebus fed his oxen on the plain. Dryden,

' Hs a rich foil, I grant you ; but oft'ner covered
with weeds than grain. Collier on Fame.

3. The feed of any fruit.

4. Any minute particle ; any ftngle body.

Thoucxift'rton many thoufand^'jj.w
That ilTuc out of dull. Siukeff. Mcaf. far Mtaf.

By intelligence
And proofs zi clear as founts in July, when
We fee tv:\\grain of grav.-l. Shakrfp. Henry VIII.

5. The fmalleft weight, of which in phy-
fick twenty make a fcruple. and in Troy
weight twenty four make a pennyweight ;
a grain fo named becaufe it is fuppofed
of equsd. weight with a grain of corn. "

lliiity is a precious diamond, whole grains as
they double, twic^ double in their v,i!ue. ilo'yday.

They began at a known body, a barley-corn, tlie
wtvglii whereof is therefore called a grain ; which
arifcth, being multiplied, to fia-uples, drachms, oun»
CCS and pounds. Holder.

The trial being made betwixt lead and lead, weigh-
ing feverally fcvcn dtdchms, m the air j the balance
ill the water weighing only four drachms and forty,
one grains, and abatcth of the weight in the air two
dr.ichms and nineteen j«i«J : the balance kept'thc
f,inie depth' in tlie water. B^o^i.

Hii

G R A

Hij bmin
OutWci^hM his rage but half igraiu. HuJiiras.
6. Any thing proverbially fmall.

For ihe whole world before thee is aj a little fra/zi
of the balai cc. IVj/J. xf. 21.

It 15 a lincerely plia''-, du(£lile temper, that
ntrjledlsnot to make ufeof anygrain of grai;e.

Hammond,
The ungrateful perfon lives to himfelf, and lublirts
by the good-nature of others, of which he himfcll
hai not the lealt^rum, Sautb.

Y- Grain of Allcnxiance. Something in-
dulged or remitted ; fomething above or
under the exaft weight.

He, whofe very bed adtions, mull be feen with

graim of ailavjann, cannot be too mild, moderate,

• and forgiving. Addifin.

1 would always give fome f ra;Vf cfallaviame to

the facrcd fcience of theology. IVait, oh the Mind.

8. The direflion of the fibres of wood, or
other fibrous matter.

Knots, by the conflux of meeting fap,
Infeft the found pine, and divert \i\s grain
Toni^e and errant from bis courl'e of growth. Shak.

9. The body of the wood as modified by the
fibres.

The beech, the fwimming alder, and the plane.
Hard box, and linden of a fofter jr«/w. Dryden.

10. The body confidered with refpeft to
the form or direftion of the conttituent
particles.

The tooth of a fea-horfe, in the midft of the
foUdor parts, contains a curdled grain not to be found

G R A

in ivory.

Bravjn.

Stonet of a conftitoticn fo coropafl, and a gtain
fo fine, that they bear a fine poliih. IVaodviard.

1 1 . Died or ftained fubftance.

How the red rofes flufti up in her cheeks.
And the pure fnow with goodly vtrmil Ibiin,
Like crimibn dy'd in grain. Sfenfer.

Over his lucid armi
A military veil of purple tlow'd,
Uveller than melibaean, or the grain
Offarra, worn by kings and heroes old. Miltm.

Come, penfive nun, devout and pure.
All in a robe of darkelt grain.
Flowing with majeftick train. Milion.

The third, his feet
Shadow'd from either heel with feather'd mail,
Sky-tinftur'd grain f Mi/tan; Paradift V-Jl.

12. Temper; difpofition ; inclination ; hu-
mour from the diredlion of fibres.

Ymr minds, pre-occupied with what
■Vou ralher muft do than with what you Ihould do,
Made you againft the grain to voice him coiiful.

^ ... Shakejp.

Quoth Hudibras, it is in vain,
1 (ec, to argue 'gainft the grain. Hitdiiras.

Old clients, weaiy'd out with fruitjefs care,
Difmifs their hopes of eating, and defpai, j
Though much agamft iht grain, foic'd to retire.
Buy roots for fupper, and provide a fire. DtjJin

13. The bean; the bottom.

The one being traflable and mild, the other ftifF
«n4 impatient of a fuperior, they lived but in cun-
ning concord, as brothers glued together, but not
united in grain. " Haytvard.

14. The form of the furface with regard to
roughnsfs and fmoothnefs.

,Jt p'""'"',','^'' Pj^'j.''" "f™"'"? fubftances are,
th: fmal er will be .he fcra'ches by which rhey con-

away the ^lafs no othcrwife than by gratin? and
fcra,ch.« ,■ and breaking the protuberances ; and
Ihr, f,rc polMh ,t noo.l.erwi.e than by breaking irs
rou.l,„el,,o a very fine «.*/,, fc that the fcrat!he
and fretUDg, of the fuif.c. become too fm.,!! t^ b"

I hongb no* thi, grainid face of mine be hid
In .apconfun.iiig Wintei'i drizzled fnow,
> el hath my night of Uf« fome memory. Sbakeff

GRA!!fs.»./ [without a fingular.] The
hufks of malt exhaufted in brewing.

Giie them grains their fill,
HulTcs, drjft' to drink and fwill. Ben 'Jonf.n

Grains of Paradife. n. f. \cardamomum.

Latin.] An Indian fpicc,
Gra'iny. adj. [from grain.']

1. Full of com.

2. Full of grains or kernels.
GRAME'Rcv./»/«y. [contrafted {xomgrnni

me mmy.l An obfolete expreflion ol fur-
pnfe.

What ftrange adventure do ye now parfue ? Sptrftr.

(^ramrrcj,, lovely Lucius, what's the news > Sljak.

GRAMINEOUS, adj. [gramineus, Latin.]

Graffy. Gramineous plants are fuch as

have a long leaf withoot a footftalk.

Graminivorous, adj. [^ramen and -varo,

TU-' ^'■^'^-eating ; living upon grafs.

The ancients were verfed chiedy in Uiedlircdion

01 brutes, among which the graminivorsui kind have

a party-coloured choroides. Sharfs Surgtry.

GRAMMAR, n. /. [grammaire. French;

_ grammatica, Latin ; Vf «(M,/*a7ixij. ]

1 . The fcience of fpeaking correftly ; the
art which teaches the relations of words
to each other.

To be accurate in the grammar and idioms of the
tongues, and then as a rhetorician to make all their
graces lerve his eloquence. />//

We make a countryman dumb, whom we will not
allow to fpeak but by the rules ol grammar.

.,,,.. Dryden' t Dufrefnoy.

Men fpeaking language, according to tht: grammar
rules of that language, do yet fpeak improperly of

2. Propriety or juflnefs of fpecch ; fpeech
according to grammar.

cJ"!^" "^ "•""^'^'/""f'-'f'^!'"; i. the (liarpeft
latire that ever was made on woman; for the adie«-
ives are neuter, and animu/ mull be underftood to
make them grammar. Dryden.

3. The book that treats of the various rela-
tions of words to one another

Gra'mmar Sc/,00/. n.f. A fchool in which
the learned languages are grammatically

Thon haft moll traiteroudy corrupted the youth of
therealm in ere<aing a grammar Jch^l . hakef*

A J/ 1° "'' ^''^ "^ '"'"'"S Latin in a grammar
fibool I cannot encourage. i,^.^,

Gramma'rian. n.f. [grammoirien , French;
Jrom grammar.] One who teaches gram-
mar ; a philologer.

Many difputes the ambiguous nature of letters halh

created among the grammarian^. Holdrr

They «l,o have called him the torture o( gram'.

Sa^^s"'*'"'^'"'"'""*'* "-'i'^Pl^f.-fi
/- ( JJrydni,

Gramma tical. ad!, [grammatical. Kr.
grammaiiaa, Latin.]

1. Belonging to grammar.

The beauty of v.riue (1,11 being fet before their
ej.s and that taught them w.th^ar more dil ien
Care than grammatica/ luUi V!/'^"'

I "'^"/•'k<;l-m,mbe,ofconro„ant,,no.from2e
^r<,««.a/,«/alphabeUof any language, but from he
diverfity ol founds framed by'lingfe ar'ticulali^^^'i':

2. iaitght by grammar. '""''''"■

co.2u^i:^:;^.^Zrnit;;i^;l::c:r''"'

^ , Orydcn's Duftefnoy.

Gramma'ticallv. adv. [Uomgramma.
Ileal.] According to the rules or fcience
or grammar.

.K. '^ " ''"'"" '' ''''''''«"i'>'«d into the nouns.
theverk., prooouir, adverts, Md »ihci parucUs of

G R A

fpeech which compofe it, then it is faij to be aiij.
lyled grammatically. IVatts

As grammar teai.heth us to fpeak properly, fo it ij
the partotrhctorick to inftrua how to do it eleganay.
by adding beauty to that language that beftrre wis
naked and grummaiically true K^ker

GRAMMATICA'STER. „.f. [Latin I A
• mean verbal pedant ; a low grammarian.

1 have not vexed language with the doubts, the
remark^, and eternal trifiing, of the French gram,

Gr..'mple. «./. Acrabf.(h. Ainf^orlh.'
Gram pus. n.f. K large fifh of the ceta.

ceous kind.
Gra'nary. „ f {granarium, Latin.] A

itorehoufe for threfhcd corn.
Ants, by their labour and indullry, contrive thaf

corn Will keep as dry in their nells as in our g,ana'.

... ,^ The naked nations deaths.
And be th" exhaufllefs granary of a world.

Granate. ;,./. [horn granum. Latinfj
A kind of marble fo called, becaufe it is
marked with fmall variegations like
grains. Otherwife Granite.

GRAND, adj. [grand. French ; grandis.
Latin.]

. Great ; illuftrious j high in power or
dignity.

Cod had planted, that is, made to grow the treei
of life and knowledge, plants only proper and be-
coming the paradile of lo grand a Lord.
, r^ » r I 1- . Raleigh's liiSory.

2. Oreat ; fplendid ; magnificent.
A voice has flown

To re-enflame a grand defigii. Tount

3. Principal; chief.

What caufe
Mov'J om grand parents in that happy dale.
Favour d 01 heav'n fo highly, to fall off
rrom their creator. Milton

4. Eminent; fuperiour: very frequently in
an ill fcnfc. ' 1 /

<: 1 ?"r«''5'"^f«. Satan. Milton.

Soclomb this hrlt grand thief into Cod's fold.

J. Noble; fublime; lofty; conceived'or

exprefled with great dignity
6. It is ufed to fignify afccnt or defcent of

conlanguinity.
Gra'ndam. n.f [grand ind dam or dame.l
1. Grandmother i ray father's or mother's

mother.

I meeting him, will teli him that my lady
Was fairer than his^ra,^,,,,,, and as chafte
As mav be in the world. Shake/pear,.

v2r, T fo^^f^hers and great grandaL Al

before us, as they were in Chauc -rs days. Df.deV

Thy tygrefs heart belies thy angel face : "^
Too well thou Ihew'il ihy pedigree from (lone i
i hy grandame-i was the fard by Pyrrha thrown.

2. An old withered woman. ''^ '"'

The women
Cry-d, one and all, the fuppliant Ihould have right.
And to the gtandame hag adjudg'd the knight.

Gra'ndchild. „./. [grand znA^A
I he fon or daughter of my fon or d.mirh-
ter ; one m the fecond degree of dcfcein.

Auguftus Ca.far, out of indignation ag.inft his
daug Iters and Agrippa his grandchild, would fay
that they were not his feed, but impollnumei broken
irom nim. «

Thefe hymns may work on future wits and {a''"'
May great grandchildren ol tl,y prajfes grow. Uonne.

He hoped his majcfty did believe, that he would
never make the leaft fcruple to obey the grandchild
01 KinR lames. /•' j

, . 6 j"""-». ti.irend'>n,

t air daughter, and thou fon and grandchild both !
_ Milan.

G R A

\U •(taping, with his goi! »n4 reli<jue» «*<!,
AnJ tow'rJs ihc Ihorcliis little jraiK/WxA/ led.

iJeicjm ■

G» a'n D A u c H T E B . *./. [zronJ and daugh-

' ter.'] The daughter of a fon or daughter.

Grandb'e. //./. [grand, French; sraitdh,

Latin.] A roan of great rank, power or

dienitv. . , ... JO-

fh«y had fome (h»rp«r and fomt ir.iUer diBe-
rencc, which might cal.ly happen in fuel, an mt«r-
v.rw ofif.w^w.bolh vehement on the psrls *hich
ij . f ■ ■ 1 krotton.

When 1 "p""" Of S'"""''" rn'n'f'"* « ''"""S '"

f„ch . thing, men generally fet about to make them-

felvesconfiieraWeforfuchlhinr. ^J'T^l

Some parts of the Spanuh monarchy are rather

for ornament than ftrength : «>«)' f"'""*? ""'J'V'

„ya.ti» for the ^.and.., and polb of ho^ourfor

the nob.e families. , rr j

Granbe'vity. «. /. \i^om grandavus,

Latin.] Great age; length of liic. DiS.

Grande'vous, t,Jj. {grandavm, Latin.J

Long lived ; of great age. Uia.

Gra'ndeur. »./. [French.]

I. State; fplendour of appearance ; magni-

As"* magiftrate or great officer, he locks hitn-
felt from all approaches by the multiplied formali.ies
of attendance, by the diflauce of c»^M.ct.■^^^^^i

».*Elev«ion of fentiment. language or

G^a'TdfatheR. n f. [grand m&frtker.'\
The father of my father or mother ; the
next above my father or mother in the
fcale of afcent.

One was faving that his greatgrandfather and
t,andf.itbtr, and father died at fe.» : fa.d another that
heard hiro, 'an I were as you, 1 would never cocne
at fea. Why, faith he, where did your great grand-
father, and grandfather, and father die ? He an-
fwe«d wher^ but in their beds .' He ^nlwered. an
I were as you, 1 would n«vercome in bed. tiaccn.
Our grandchildren will fee a few rags hung up m
Weftmiiift<;r-!>all, which coll an hundred millions,
whereof they ace paying the arrears, and hoalt tha
their gr.,mi/ati€n were rich and great. ^■^1/'

Grandi'fick. adj. [granditanAfaao. i^at.J

Making great. , , • i l^l,"

Gra'ndino«;s. adj\ [grand; Litin.} *iUI

of hail ; confifting of hail. I>'<^-

Cra'ndity. »./. [from grandis, Latin.J

Greatncfs; grandeur; magnificence. A»

old word.

Our poets escil in grandiiy and jravity, fmooth-

nefs and property, ill q.iickneii and brietnefs. Camd.

Gra'nDmothf.R II. f [grandiXiA motlitr.\

The father's or mother's mother.

Thy rrandmotker Lois, and thy muther Eunice.

' 1. Tim, i. 5-

Gra'ndsire. k/. [grand m^Jirt.

I. Grandfather. ,. , .

Think 'it thou, that I willleav* my kmgly throne.
Wherein my giantlj.re and iny lather fat ? Ulake/p.

Thy gran4jire, <ud his brother, to whom fame
Gave Itom two conqutr'd patu o' th' world, iheir
name. D,r,La>«.

The wreaths his granJJirt knew to reap
By aflive toil and milit.iry fiveat. Prior.

1. .'^ny anceftor, poetically.

Why (hoiild 3 man whofe blood is warm within,
Sit lik«his f^ranJJire cut in alabader? Shakeff.

Above ihi; porul, carv'd in cedar wood,
Placed in their ranks, tlieir godlike grandfres ftood.

Drydm.
So mimick ancient wits at bcft,
At apes oar grMiiJittt in their doublets drcft. Popt.
Gra'ndson. a./. [jra«r</ and yi/r.] The
fon of a fon or daughter.

Almighty Jove augment yBdr wealthy ftor«,
Give much to you, and to \\\igrti«JJ<,iu more. Dryd.

G R A

<ir»ndfathert in private families are not much
obfcrveJ to have great influence on their grandfat:.
And, I bcUcve, they have much lefs amouspiioces.

Sviift.

GnANOt. It./, [grange, Fnach.] A farm :
generally a farm with a houfe at a diftance
from neighbours.

One, when he had got the Inheritance of an un-
lucky old grange, would needs fell it ; aud, to draw
buyers, pro<:laimcd the virtues of it: nothing ever
thrived on it, faith he ; the trees were all blafted,
the fwine died of the mealies, the cattle of the mur-
rain, and the fiieep of the rot; nothing was ever
reared there, not a duckling or a goofe. Ben J'"!^"-
At the moated grange rtfides this dcjcited Ma-
riana. Shakefftare.

The loofe unletter'd hmds.
When for their teeming flocks and giawgw full
In wanton dance they praife the bounteous Pan.

Milton.
If the church was of their own foundation, they
might chufe, the incumbent being once dead, whe-
ther they would put any one therein ; unlefs, per-
haps, the faid church had people belonging to it ; for
then they mud ftill maintain a curate: and ot this
fort were their gra»g« and priories. Ajlife.

Gra'nite. »./. [granit, Fr. from ^rc«.v»!,
Lat. bccaufe confifting as it were ot
grains, or fmall diftind particles.] A
ftone compofed of feparate and very large
concretions, rudely compafted together ;
of great hardncfs, giving fire with fleel ;
not fermenting with acids, and imper-
feaiy calcinable in a great fire. The hard
white granite with black fpots, common-
ly called raoor-ftone, forms a very firm,
and though rude, yet beautifully vane-
gated mafs. It is found in immenfe
ttrata in Ireland, but not ufed there. In
Cornwall it is found in prodigiousmaflcs,
and brought to London, for the fleps of
publick buildings. Hard red granite,
variegated with black and white, now
called oriental granite, is valuable for its
extreme haidnefs and beauty, and capalile
of a moil elegiint polifh. Hill on t 'JJtU.
Alaballer, marble of divers colours, both fimple
and mixed, the opulites, porphyry, and the |™^'/r

iVoodii'ard.

There are ftill great pillars of granite, and other

fragments of this ancient temple. Addi/on on Italy.

Grani'vorous. adj. [granum and 'veto,

Latin.] Eating grain ; living upon grain.

Cranivorous birds, as a crane, upon the firft
peck of their biHs, can dlftinguilh the qualities of
lurd bodies, which the fenfe of men difcerns not
without maftication. Brovin.

Panick affords a foft demulcent nourilhment, both
for gtanivorcus birds and mankind. Arbulhnot.

Gra'nnam. »./. [ioT grandam.\ Grand-
mother. Only ufed in burlefque works

Oft my kind grannum told me, Tim take warn-
ing, ^''y-
To GRANT. 1). a. [itom garantir, French,
Juniui and Skinner ; perhaps as Minjhnu
thinks, from ^ra/«//c, or rather from^'vz-
tiaox gratificor.^
\. To admit that which is not yet proved ;
to allow ; to yield ; to concede.

They gather out of Scripture general niles tabe

followed in muking laws; and fo, in erifert, they

1 plainly grant, that we ourfclves may lawfully make

lawa for the church. Hookir.

1 take it for granted, that though the Creek
word whiofc wc traiiftate faints, be in itfelf as appli-
cable to things, as perfor.s j jet in this article it (ig-
nilieih not holy things, but holy ones. I'catfM.

Cram that the fates have hrm'd, by their decrees,
The Trojan race to reign in Italy. Vryden't y£n.

Suffofe, which y«t 1 grmtl net, tby.defite

G R A

A m'lment elder than my rival fire,
Can chance of feeing lirll thy title piove > Dry.fe'j
If Ire be one indifferent at to the prefent rebellion,
they may take it for granted his complaint is the
rage of a difappointcd man. Add/on' t Fruh.

2. \'o befiow fomething which cannot be
claimed of right.

The Cod of Ifrael grant thee thy petition that
thou haft afked ofhim. • i ''>am. xvii.

Then hath God alfo to the gentiles granted le--
pentance unto life. ..^aj.xiii. i8.

Didft thon nx kill this king >

1 grant ye.

— Do'll grant me, hedgehog? then Gei grant me loo,
Thou may'ft be damned for that wuked dced.iiji.

He heard and granted half hit prayer;
The reft the winds difpeis'd. Pc/'t.

Grant, w. /. [from the verb.]

1. The aft of granting or beftowing.

2. The thing granted ; a gift ; a boon.

Courtiers juftle for a grant.
And when they break their Iriendlhip plead their
want. Drjid.n.

3. [In law.] A gift in writing of fuch a
thing as cannot aptly be paflTed or con-
veyed by word only; as rent, reverfions,
ferviccs, advowfons in grofs, common in
grofs, tithes, &c. or made by fuch per-
focs as cannot give but by deed, as the
king, and all bodies politick ; which dif-
ferences be often in fpeech neglefled,
and then is taken generally for every gift
whatfoevcr, made of any thing by any
perfon ; and he that granteth it is named
the grantor, and he to whom it is made
the grantee. A thing is faid to lie in grant
which cannot be affigned without deed.

Cotvelt
All the land is the queen'*, unlefs there be fome
grant of any part thereof, to be (hewed from her
majcfty. Sfmfcr.

Not only the laws of this kingdom, but of other
places, ana the Roman laws, provide that the print*
Ihould not be deceived in \i\s granit. Danenani.

4, Conceffion ; admiffion of fomething in
difpute.

But of this fo Ut^A grant, we are content not to
take advanuge. Hooker.

This gram deftroys all you have urg'd before.

Dry den,

Gra'ntable. adj. [from gra}ii.'\ That
which may be granted.

The office of the bilhop's chancellor vngrantaUt
for liti:. Aytiffe.

Grante'e. ». /. [from grant.] He to
whom any grant is made.

To fmooth the way for popery in Mary's time,

the grantees were confirmed by the pope in the pof-

feflTion of the abby-lands. f"^'/''

Gra'ntor. n. j. [from grant.] He by

whom a grant is made.

A duf'lex qumla ftiall not be granted under pain
of fufpenfion of the grantor from the execution of his

ofiice. -."P''-^'!;

Gra'nulary. <7<^*. [f torn granule.] Small
and corapaft ; refembling a fmall grain or

feed.

Smalt-coal, with fulphur and nitre, proportion,
ably mixed, tempered, and formed into grannlary
bodies, do make up that powder which is ufed for
guns. Broivn'i Vulgar Errours.

To GRA'NULATE -v. v. [granuler, Fr.
ivom granum t Latin.] To be formed into
fmall grains.

The juice of grapes, infpiflatcd by heal, granit-
/a/ri into fugar. Sfratl.

To Gra'nulatr. V. t>.

1 . To break into fmall maiTes or granules.

2. To raife into fmnll afperities.

I have obfervcd, in many birds, the gullet, be-
fore

G R A

fore its entrance into the gizzard, ft» be much di-
lated, and thick fet, or as it inn itanuUud with
a multitude oi glandules, each whereof was pro-
vided with its excretory veffel. l^V-

Granula'tion. fi.y [gramilaeiott, Trench,
from granulate.^

1. 1 he aft of pouring melted metal into
cold water, fo as it inay granulate orCon-
geal into fmall grains : it is generally
done through a colander, or a birchen
broom. Gunpowder and fome falts are
likewife faid to be granulated, from their
refembhnce to grain Or feed. Shincy.

2. The aft of (hooting or breaking in fmall

maiTes.

Tents in wounds, by refilling the growth of the

little panuUlions oi the Hefti, in procefj of time

harden them, and i.i that manner produce a fiitula.

Sharf'i Surgery,

GRA'NULE. ». /. [from granum, Latin.]

A fmall compaft particle.

With an excellint microlcope, where the naked

tvc did fee but a green powder, the aflilied eye could

difcem particular granules, fome Nuc, and fome

yellow. ^"y^e on Colours,

Gra'xulous. adj. [from^raaa/f.] Full

of little grains.
GRAPE. «. /. {grappe, French; krappe,
Dutch.] The fruit of the vine, growing
jn cluflers ; the fruit from which wine is
expreffed.

And thou (halt not glean thy vineyard, neither
flialt thou gather erery grjpe of thy vineyard j thou
dialt leave them for the poor and ftranget.

Lev. xix. lo.
Anacreon, for thy fake
I of the graftno mention make ;
Ere my Anacreon by thee fell,
Cuifcd plant, 1 lov'd thee well. Ccnvley.

Here are the vines io early flow'r defcrj'd.
Here g,">fs difcolour'd on the funny fide. Fofe.
Grape Hyacinth, or Grape Flinuer. n. /.

A flower.
Gr a'pestoMe. n. /. [grape in&flone.'] The
ftone or feed contained in the grape.

When cbcdient nature knows hi* will,
A fly, a grafejl'jrfe, or a hair can kill. Prior.

GRA'PhKJAL. adj. [•/?«>•.] Well de-
lineated.

Write with a needle, or bodkiA or knife, or the
like, when the fruit or trees are young ; for at they
grow, fo the Ictteri will grow more large and gra-
fiieal. Bacon's Nuiural Hlji'jry,

GR*'pmtAt.Ly. adv. [from gr/jphkaf.]
In a pifturefque manner ; with good de-
fcri^ficn or delineation.

The hyftla Worara, or civet cat, is delivered and
j-«|.i;Va//y defcribed by Caftelliis. Brown,

Gn a'pn EL. «./ [^rfl//a, French.]

1. A fmall anchor belonging to a little

vcflcl.
1, A gfappl'ng ifon with which in fight

:fhic

one Ihip feftens on another.
7» GRATPLE. -v. ». \grahbtltn, Dutch ;

krapftln, German.]
I. To contend by fei/ing each other, as

wreftlcrs.

They muft be alfo praftifed in all the lock? and
gripes ot wreftTing, n need may often be in lipht to
tuif or graffte, and torlole. Mlllon.

Living virtue, aU aichievements palV,
Meets envy, llill to ^raffle with at lad. ff'alkr,

Doe» be think that h< iaa i^rappte with dtvine
tCDgcance, and cadute the tvciiafting burn^n^ ?

Souib.

Antseus here and ftem Alcjdifi ftrive,
/nd both the grtfif ling Itntues feem to liw. AitJiJ.
a. To contcit in clofc fight.

I'B in myftandanfteir the arms of York,
T9%raffU w>lb the houf< of L.aoc<ilt:r. Shaieff.

G R A

Soitietimes, from Bghting fquadrons ofeach fleet,
Tv,o grafpling lElm-ion the ocean meet.
And Englilhhrcswith Belgian flames contend . Dryd.

To G R a P P L H . "U. ff.

1. To fallen J to fix ; to join indifiblubly.
Now obfolcte.

Grapple your minds to ftemage of the navy.
And leave your England as dead midnight ilill. Shah,

That bufinefs
Grapples you to the heart and love of us. Siakefp.

2. To feize ; to lay faft hold of.

tor Hippagines, vclTels for the tranfporting of
horfe, we are indebted to the Salamiiiians ; for
^rj^^//;,^ hooks to Anacharfis. lieylyn.

GitA'pFLE. n./. [from the verb.]

1. Conteft hand to hand, in which the com-
batan ts feize each other ; the w^eiUers
hold.

As when earth's fon, Antaeus ftrove
With Jove's Alcides, and, oft foil'd, ftill rofe
Frelh from his fall, and fiercer ^r^i/'^/trjoin'd,
Throttled at length in th' air, expir'daiid fell.

Millon.
Or did his genius
Know mine the ftionger demon, fear'd the grapple.
And, looking round him, found this nook of fate,
To flculk behind my fword. Dryd. Don Sebaftlan.

2. Clofe fight.

In the grapple I boarded them ; on the inftant
they got clear of our Ihip fo I alone became their
prifoncr. Hbake/p. Hamlet.

3. Iron Inftrument by which one (hip faf-
tens to another.

But Cyinon loon his crooked grapples caft.
Which with tenacious hold his loesembrac'd.

Dry den.

Gra'pplbment. ft. /. [from grapple.]
Clofefight; hoftile embrace. Not inufc.

They catching hold of him, at down he lent,
Him backward overthrew, and down him ftay'd
With their rude handj and %nctty grappleme/li.

^penfer.
Gr a'sshopper. n.J. [gra/s and hep.] A
fmall infeft that hops in the fummer
grafs. The cicada of the Latins is often
by the poets tranllated grajshopper, but
improperly.

Her waggon fpokes made of long fpinncr's legs.
The cover ol the wings of gr^j/iAo^^^rr. Sbakefp.

Grafshaffers eat up the green ot the whole coun-
tries. Bacon.

Where filver laket with verdant (hadows crown'd,
Difperfe a grateful chilnefs all around ;
The graftbofper avoids th* untainted air.
Nor in the midll of Summer ventures there. Addif.

The women were of fuch an cnonnous Mature,
that we appeared as grajthopftrt before them.

Addifon't SfeQuior.

Gra'sier.. See Grazier.
To GRASP, v. a. [gra/pare, Italian.]
I . To hold in the hand ; to gripe.

(7 fool that lam, thatthoughl 1 coM gr.j/p water
and bind the vind. Sidney.

In lui right hand
Gra/ping ten thoufand thunders, which he fent
Before him, fuch as in their fouls intiu'd
Plagues. Milnn'i PaYadi/e hoji.

Kings, by gra/ping more than they can hold,
Fitft made their fubjeit?, by oppietiion, Sold.

Denham,
Doom, as they pleafe, my empire not to Hand,
I'll giafp my fccptco with my dying hand. D>yd.

z. To feize; to catch at.

This gra/pinfof the miliita of the kingdom into
their own bands, wai defired the Summer before.

Clarendon.

For what are men who grafp at praife fubhmc.
But bubbles on the rapid Itreamof lime ? Tfoung.

To Grasp, "v. n.

I . To catch ; to endeavour to feize ; to-
try at.
So cndleft'and exorbitaot ar« tlie defuo of men,

G R A?

that thev will jfra/^ at all, and can form no fcheire
of perfect happinefs with lefs. Sivifr,

2. Toftruggle; to ftrive; to grapple. Not
now in ufe.

See, his face is black, and full of blood |
His hands abraad difplay'd, as one thst^rrt/^^
And tugg'd for life. Shakefp, Henry VK

3. To gripe ; to encroach.

Like a mifer 'midll his (lore,
'^hagrafps and grafps 'till he can hold no more.

Dryxhft^

Grasp. ».y; [from the verb.]

I. The gripe or fcizure of the hand. •

Nor wanted in Wi^grafp
What f<5em'd both fpear and fliield. Millon

This hand and fword have been acquainted well r
It would have come before into my gn^p.
To kill the ravillier. Dryden's Don Sebafiian,

The left arm is a little defaced, though one may
fee it held fomething in \Kgrafp formerly. Addijm,

I. PoflTeflion ; hold.

1 would not be the villain that thou think'ft
For the whole fpace that's in the tyrant's gr«/^.
And the rich Eali to boot. Sbakefp. Macitih,

3. Power of feizing.

Within the direful grafp
Of favage hunger, or of favage heat. Milton,

They looked upon it as their own, and had it
even within their ^*-*jy5*. Clarendon,

G R a'sp E It . ». /. [from gra/p.] One th»t

grafps, feizes, or catches at.
GRASS. «./. [jrsf, >axon.] The com-
mon herbage of the field on which cattle
feed ; an herb with long narrow leaves.

Ye are grown fat as the heiier at gra/i, and bel-
low as bulls. y^r.'x, II.

The beef being young, and only grafs fed. Was
thin, light, and moill, and not of a fubdance to en-
dure the fait. Temple,

You'll be no more youVformer you ;
But fora blooming nymph will paft,
Juft fifteen, coning Summer's grj/r. Siuift,

Grass ofParnaJfus, n.f, [/ajvro^a, Latin.]
A plant.

'This plant is called parnnffia, from mourrf Pitr--
nalTus, where it was fuppofcd to grow ; and becaul^
the cattle feed on it, it obtained the name of gra/i,
though the plant has no refemblance to the grafi
kind. Miller.

To Grass, nj. n. [from the noun.] To
breed grafs ; to become pafttire.

Land arable, driven, or worn to the proof.
With oats ye may fow it, the fooner Xo grafs.
More foon to be padure, to bring It to pafs. Tuffer,
Grass-pi.ot. n.f, [graft and plat.] A
fmall l«vel covered with fliort grafs.

Here on this grafs plot in this very place.
Come and fport. Shakefp, Temfefl.

The part of your garden next your houle Ihould be
a parterre for Bowers, or grafs-plois bordered with
flowers. Temple,

They are much valued by our modern planters to
adorn their walks aM gr.tfs'plots. Mortimer.

Grass-pola, n J. A fpecies of WiLtoW-

WORT.

Gr a'ssi nf.ss. n.f. [Uo\n grajly .] The (late

of abounding in grafsT
Gr a'ssv. adj. [from grafs.] Covered with
grafs ; abt^jmding with grafs.

Nedid he leave the mountains bare unfeen.
Nor the rank graffy fens delights untry'd. Spenfer.

Rais'd of^i-j^iurf
Their table was, and molTy feats h.id round. Milioit,

The molV in fields, like herded beaftf, lie down.
To dews obnoxious, on ihegrajfy floor. Drydtn.
Grate, n.f, [crates, Latin.]
I. A partition made with bars placed near
to one another, or crofling each other :
fuch as in cloyftcrs or prifons.

I have grated upon my good' friends forthrtere-

Brieves, for you, and your ccuch-fcUow,. Nim : or

, ' cho

G R A

clfc 70U had look'd through the ^raltt, like x (c-
tnitly of baboons. Shakeffeare.

Ojt 11 » little gratt his eyes he cjft
Upon thofe bord'ring hills, and of«n plain. Danltl.

A fan has on it a nunnery of lively black eyed
wftals, who are endeavouring to creep out at the
gratet. Addifm.

»i The range of bars within which fires are
made.

My dear it of opinion that an old fafliioncd poit
coofumes coals, but gives no heat. Sfflijtir,

To Grate, i/. a. \grat/er, French.]

1. To rub or wear any thing by the attri-
tion of a rough body.

Thereat the jiend his gnafhiog teeth i\i grart.

Sfin/cr.

Blind oblivion fwallowM cities up,

And mighty dates charaflerlcfs ate graied

' To dufty nothing. Shaiff.trouut and Citjidj.

If the particles of the patty were not nude to

{tick faft in the pitch, they would, by railing up

and down, j^'o/r and fret the object metal, and fill it

full of little holes. Nnuiin't Opdcki.

2. To offend by any thing harlh or vexa-

Thereat enraged , foon he 'gan upflarl.
Grinding his teeth, and grating hisgieat heart.

Sfntfirr.
They have been partial in the gofpcl, culled and
cholicn out thofe fofter and more gentle dictates
which would leligrj:< and dilluib tliem.

Dtcaj tfFietj.

Juft refentmenf and hard ufage coin'd

Th' unwilling »0id, and grating as it is.

Take it, for 'tis thy due. Dryden's Dm Scbajliat.

This habit of wr t ng and difcourfing, wherein

1 unfortunately diiFer from almoft the ^\ Hole king-

- dom, and am apt to grtitc the e.tn of more than 1

. 'could wilh, was acquired during my appieiitictfhip in

Loudon. , _ Sivift.

3. To form a found by coUiiion of afpt^-
rities or hard bodies.

The grating (hock of wrathful iron arms. Sbak .
On a ludden open By,
With impetuous recoil and jarringfound,
•Th' infernal door;, and on their hinges g'ft'
Harfh thunder, that the loweft bottom ftook
Of Eiebus. MiJton's taradijt Loft.

To Grate. i». w.

1. To rub hard fo as to injure or offend ;
to offend, as by oppreffion or importu-
nity.

Wherein have you been galled by the king ?
What peer hath been fubom'd io grate on you,
That you (hould feal this lawlefs bloody book
Of forg'd rebellion with a feal divine ? Sbaktfp.

I have grated upon my good friends for three re-
prieves for you, or elfe you had looked through the
gr.itfs. Shaktffiare.

Paradoxing is of great ufe; but the faculiy maft be
fo tenderly managed as not to grate upon the truth
and reafon of things. L'EJlrange.

I'his grated harder upon the hearts of men.

South.

I never heard him make the lead complaint, in
a cafe that would have grated forely on fome men'^
pitieacct and have hllcd their lives with dilcontent.

Loeke:

2. To make a harlh noife, as that of a rough
body drawn over another.

We in not fo nice as to oaft away a (harp knife,
becaufc the edge of it may fometimcs ^r^re. lLs,ker.

GRA'TEFUL. adj. [gratus. Latin.]

1 . Having a due fenie of benefits ; willing
to acknowledge and to repay benefits. -

A grjirfKl mini
By owing owes not, bui ftill pays. Mi/tan.

When fome degree of health was gi\en, he ex-
erted all his ftrcngth in a return of grateful recogni-
tion to the author of it. PtH.

Years of fervice pad.
From gratejul fouls exadl reward at lad. Drydtn.

2, Pleafing; acceptable; delightful; deli-
cious.

G R A

Whatlbever is ingrate at firft, is made grateful
by cudom ; but whatfoevcr is too pleafing at fird,
gtoweth quickly to fatiate. , Bann.

A man will endure the pain of hunger and thiril,
and refufc fuch meats and drinks as are mod gr.-itefui
to his appetite, if he b« perfuaded tliat they will en-
danger his health, fffi/kins.

This place is . more ^r<ir(/i</ to ftrangers, in rc-
(peA that it bring a Ironlicr town, and bordcriii/;
upon divers nations, many languages are underrtood
here. < . 1- Brown's Travfls.

Now golden fruits on loaded branches (hine,
And gratefat cluflers fwcU with floods of wine.'

:■ _ • ' . '■ P=/"-

GRA'TEFty'LLt."'«<&,4 {from grateful.]

1. With wiliingpef? to- acknowledge and
repay b^efits; with due fcnfe of obliga-
tion. , ■ ",',

he, as itew «ftik'J, thus gratefully reply'd. Milt.

Enough remains for h .ufchold charge befide.
His wife and tender children to fud;iin.
And gratefully to feed his dumb defetvi.ig train.

Dryd. Virg.

In Cyprus long by men and godsobey'd,-
The Lovci's toil (he gratefully repaid, Granville.

2. In a pleafing manner. ,

Study detains tlie mind by the perpetual' occur-
rence of fomcthing new, whidi may gratefully drike
the im,)ginatijn. ffatit.

Gr.\'t£fui.nes$. n,/, [from gratefu/.]

1. Gratitude; duty to, benefaftors. Now
obfolete. ■ :

A ^aconian knigl^th'v'ng Cometimesfferved him
with man grattfulne/i than good wurage defended
hi'n. ' Sidney.

BIcfTings beforehand, ties a^gratefulnep,
Ihc found of glory ringing incur ens. Herbert.

2. Quality of being acceptable ; pleafagt-
nefs. ,

GR-^'TEit. ». /. [gra/sir, French, from
gra/e.] A kind of coarie file with which
foft bodies ard rubbed to ^owJer.

Tender handed touch a nettle.
And it dings 5'ou fo^ youf paihs,

Crafpit like a ni.iii ofhie'ttle,
And it loft as filk r^tiaiasi

So it is with common natures.
Treat them gently they rebel,

ISutbe rough as nutmeg-jr.'/f'V,
And the rogues obey you welK /). Hill.

Gratifica'tion. «./. [gra/lficatio.Lat,]
I. The ai^ of ple.ifing.

Th»y are ihcapable of any delign above the pre'-
fent gratiJicatioH of their palates. Souili.

z. Pleafure; delight.

How hardly is his will brought to change all its
delires and avcrfions, and to renounce ihoh grari^ca-
tions in which he has been long ufed to place his
happincfs. Rogers^

3. Reward ; recompence. A low word.
T'cGratifv. -v.et. [gmtifcor, Latin.]

1. To indulge; to grmt by compliance.

You decrbctwcen-ths country aud the court,
Nor gratify whate'er the great defire.
Nor grudging give what f ubiick needs require.

' . Dryden.

2. To delight; to pleafe ; to humour; to
fpoth.

But pride (h)od ready to prevent the blow;
For who would die to gratify a foe ? Dryden'i F.th

The captive generals to his car are ty'd ; "

1'he joyful citizens tum'-iltuous tide
Echoing his glory, giuiify\\\i prid

A palled appetite is humourous, and mud be ^/-j-
tifleil Vi\i\\ fiuccs rather than food. Tjiler.

At once thry^ia(^v''!>eirfcent and tade.
While frequent cups prolong the rich repad. Pope.

A thouland little impcrtinencies ate very grali.
fying to curiofity, though not improving to the un-
derftanding. Addifon.

3. To requite with a gratification : 'as, I'll
graiijj you for this trouble.

yarn s i'.tt>.
Prior. )

G R A

Gra'tincly. a<^'v. [ftom greitf.] Harihiy;

offcnfively.
GRJ'TIS. adv. [Latii).] For nothing ;
without a recompence.

The people cry you mock them j and, of late.
When corn was given them gratis, you repin'd,

SkakeJ^:

They fold themfclvesj but thou, like a kind lei-
low, gav'll thyfcir away gratis, and 1 thank thee
for thee. Shakeffeare.

The taking of ufe, though he judged lawhil, jet
never approved by praflice, but lent &\\\ gratis both
to friends and drangers. felt.

Kindred are no welcome clients, where relation
gives them a title to have advice gratis. L' Eftrangf .

I fcorned to take my degree at Utrecht or Leyden,
though offered it gratis by thofe univerTities. Arhuih.

Gra'titude. it.f. [j-r<2//W», low Latin.]

1 . Duty to benefaftors.

Forbid
That our renowned Rome, whofe gratitude
Tow'rds her deferving children is enroU'd,
Should now eat up her own ! Shakeffeare.

Sufpicious thoughts his penfive mind employ,
A fullen gratitude, and clouded joy. tiarie,

2. Defire to return benefits.

The debt immenfe of tniXih gratitude . Mlllctt.

Gratitude is properly a virtue, difpoling the mind
to an inward fenfe and an outward acknowledgement
of a benetit received, together with a readinefs to
return the fame, or the like. Souib's Serm.

GRATUITOUS, adj. [gratuitm, Latin;

gratuit, Fr.]

1. Voluntary; granted without claim or
merit.

We midake the gratuitous blelUngt of heaven for
the fruits of our own indudry. L'EJlrange,

2. Afferted without proof.

The fecond motive they had to introduce this gra-
tuitous declination of atoms, the fame poet gives us.

Ray.

Gratu'itously. ad-v. ^{rom gratuitoKs.j

1. Without claim or ment.

2. Without proof.

I would know whence came this obliquity of di-
rcflion, which they ^rarmVs^^ tack to matter: this
is to afcribe will and choice to thefe particles.

Cbeync's Phil. Pi in.
Gratu'ity. fi.f. [gratuite, French, from
gratuitous.'] A prefent or acknowledg-
ment; a free gift.

They might have pretended fo comply wilh
UlylTes, and difmilTed him with a fmall gratuity.

Broome on the Odyffey.
He ufed every year to prefent us with hit al-
manack, upon the fcore of fome little gratuity we
gave him. Sviift.

To Gra'tulate. i;. a, [gratulor, Latin.]

1 . To congratulate ; to falute with declara-
tions of joy.

To gratify the good Andronicus,
And gratul.ite his fafe return to Rome,
The [leople will accept whom he admires. Sbakejf,
Whither away fo fall ?

No farther than the Tower,

To ■^r.itiil.ite the gentle princes there. Shakeff,

Since nature could behold fo dire a crime,
I graiulate at lead mr native clime.
That fuch a Imd, which fuch a monder bore,
So far is didant from our Thracian (bore. Dryden.

2. To declare joy for; to mention with ex-
preflions of joy.

Yet give thy jealous fubje^ leave to doubt,
Who this thy 'fcape from rumour graiulate.

No lefs than it from peril ; and devout.
Do beg thy care unto thy alter date. Ben yotifort.

Gratula'tion. ft, f. [from gratulntio,
Latin.] Salutations made by cxpreffing
joy; expreflion of joy,

They are the fird gratulaiions wherewith our Lord
and Saviour wasjqyfuliy received at his entrance into
the world, by fuch as in their hearts, arnj5, and
boweU embraced him. Hooker,

The

/

G R A

The earth
Gave f^sr.io[ g,:,iu/u:iar, and caoh Iim. T.H/.vn
Voiirenjojmcnts, according to the (hndard oi' a
Chnftian defire, require no addition : 1 (hall tura
tiy Willies into^n,.'K/a//„«, and, congratulati;!? their
tulnefs, only with their ---lUintance. 1--:^,/,

GRA'TULATORY.ca)-. [from^r^/ato.JCon-
gratulatory- ; expreffing congratuiation.

Grave, a final fyllable in the names of
places. IS from the Saxon spsep. a grove

GRAVE. «./. [gpap, Saxon.J T he pJace
m the ground in which the dead are re-
pofited.

Now it is the time of nighf,
That the grave,, all gaping wide,

Every one let: forth his fptight.
In the church.«ay paths to glide. SbAktfptar,.

Thou wilt not leave me in the loathfome grjt/f .

T „ , Milton.

I o walk upon the gra-ua of our dead maltcrs,

Ta °"." ?""">■• /)«*««•. S.thy.

A Hood of waters would overwhelm all thofe itag-
meiiu which the earth broke into, and bury in one
common ^i-axwaU the inhabitaatt of the earth.

r-, Burnet,

They were wont once a year to meet at thejr'-iw
of the martyrs ; there folemnly to recite the.r liiiftr-
ingt and triumphs, to praife their virtues, to blefs
Cod for their pious examples, for their holy live,
and the.r happy deaths. ^^,„

Jo GRAVE, -u. a. prefer. grai;ej; part.

^^\. gravn. [gra-ver, French; '/fW-l
I. lomfculp; to carve a figure or infcrip-

tion in any hard fubftance. '

Cornice with bolFy fculptures ^ruvea. Milton
Ajtervows, oaths, ork,,guescaa never blot out
thofe lormer gra^i„g, or chara^ers, which byjuft
and lawful oaths were made upon their fouls.

Thy fum ofduty let two words contain T
O! may (heyg,..t„, i„ thy heart remain,
tie humble and b* iulK v •

2. J o carve or form.

What profiteth the graven image, that the maker
thereof haihgrar-w it .» * Hei \],i

3. To copy paintings upon wood ormetai'
in order to be imprefled on paper.

TTie^r^.rjcan and ought to im.ute the bodies
of the colours by ii.e degrees oX the lights and (ha-
dows : lis .mcolllble to give much ft.engih to what
lhey^r.,t,r, aherthe works of the fcl^ols, with-
out imitating in (bmc fort the colour of the objefls.
,„ Drjden't ituf,

4. [l-roni grafut.-\ To entomb. Not in
ufe.

Thefc'i more gold r
Do you damn others^ and let thisilamn you •
And diuhes^r^rw you all! Shuktff. Tims,n.

5. To cJean, caulk, and Ihcath a Ihip.
cr. r> r^ . Aiiihuorth.

uV7xk '^- "■ ^° ^"'^^ "'■ delineate on
hard jTubflances.

Thoii ibalt make a plate of pure gold, and gra^r

r. ' J- ■£*. xxviii. j6.

ORAVB, f/j.[gra-vr. French ; gra-ois. Lat.l

I. Solemn ; fertfeus ; fober; not gay ; not

light or trifling. * '

. , , , , I'o ih' more mature

A child that gu,aed dotards. Sh.kfpCyn,i

Wert,o.ldhiveelfedefirM ' ^
Vourgood advice, which ftill hath been both iravt

Thai Cx"' '"/'I" ll'J''^-'"- l^i^kSe^^.
rM grave awtulr.cf., as ia your bell b4d of

T,, L '"f^rj*"''''"^=''"'f'. «in>ourWrcr
dogs, are modes of beauty. More a.aiJ m^Um

■■iJ(^lVs^'\^''%' '"11"'™' Characters are XC
. iblfted by tne.r feveral forts of grivity. ij, v«

Youth or. filent wings IS flown ; •^yf"-

Cravri- ycais come rolling on. ' ■ p.

To laujh, were want of goodnef. and.ii'f grice"-'''
Afld to.be 4,-«t,,,««cd» ^11 fcwerrffcci.^^!*;,.

G R A

Foliy-paintlng humour, grave himfelf,
Calls Jaughter forth. Thomfin.

lacy bavs.is much reafon to pretend to, and as
much neceffity to afpire after, the higheH accom-
paniments oi a Chriftian and folid virtue, as the
grazeji and wifeft among Chriftianphilofophers.

2. Ofweighti not futjle; credible. Little
ufed.

The Roman date was of all others the mod cele-
brattdfor their virtue, asthe^rawy? of their own
vvriters, and of ftrangcis, do bear them witnefs.
... GVftt''j (Xfrnd.

3. Wot fhowy;- not tawdry: as, a rrave
luit of cloaths.

4. Not (harp of found ; not acute.
Accent, in the Greek names and ufage, fe«ms

to have regarded the tone of the voice; the acute
accent raifing the voice, in feme f; llables, to a higher,
/.f. more acute pitch or tone, and the grave it-
prefling it lower, aod both having fome emphalis,
'. e.^ more vigorous pronunciation. Holder

Ora VECLOATHS. n.f. {grave Vdd. ckathsA
I he drefs of the dead.
But of fuch fubtlc fubftance and unfound.
That like a ghoft he feem'd, whofe grave.cloatbs
were unbound. , Spenji^r.

And he that was dead came forth, bound hund
atid loot with ».aw-fAa*i», % ,; .,

GRAVEL. „ /. [grazier, French; V^;;.*?:

Dutch ; griFvel, Armoriclc.]
I. Hard fand; fand confifting of veryfmaJl
pebble -ftones.

C/at^f/confilts of fliats of'al! ihe ufuar fixes and
colours of the leveral forts of pebbles; fometimes
wiih a few pynt.-e, and other.mineral bodies, cob.
fukdiy intermixed, and common fand. )nodv.'ud

■,i V?!""' "" 8'"' *" fo ««1I hjndled, ihat
It Ihewed like a glittering fand and^r<rw/, interlaced
with hiver rivers. ^,j

Proofs as clear as founts in July, when '"'^'

We fee each gram of gravel. Shaker-

Providence permitted not the earth to fpend itfUf

ftones *■' ""^ '*'"'''"' '"""'' "'' «"■""" <"
So deep, and yet fo clear, we might behold

The ?raT»/ bottom, and that bo(tom gold. Diydcn
rhe upper garden at Kenlington was at Hril no.'

thing but a gravel pit. ■ Speaalor.

Or«^ walks are bed for fruit-trees, maimer

z. {Gra^dle French,] Sindy' matter con-
creted in the kidneys. ^ .,,;

if the ftone is briitje it will ^f,.; crumWei arid
pafs '«f' --olgyW,: if tlilftdrieistuoblgm
F.-.r^, the b..ft Me, W >, ^,0 come to a fort of com
pofttiono, truce wi,h,r. , ArbuthZt,

roGuA'vEi.. -v. a. [from the noun.] '•

1. To pave or coVer with gravel. '^J.'"^

Mofs groweth upon alleys, efpecially fuch",, lie
cold, and upon the Nurih, as 1,1 divers terraffes; and

.C^Jg^Z'l.r'-'' "'^'''" »' " ""■^-^-'

2. Toftick in the fand. U."""'

in5":^.:^a?T:i^:;u^t^j^s^^il;^

"."thtXnd^''^'''*/^"*"'^^^-'^-^'^'""

3. To puzzle; to. flop; to put to a Hand •
to embarrafs. . '

I would kifs before I fpoke

The difeafe itfelf ^i„ gravel hi-nJ^'^Ta-
noj^an there be ioy prcdiaio.i made oftf 'i, is fc

ni!^^n\ "■"'"'°«'"' imaginations make witheTrl
nity and im.ne„r«y? and hoW are we gravelled by

Mat, . wh6 was here 4 little gravel/'d,
i olt Mp K,s nofe, and would have cavill'd. Prior

4" [Ip horferaanfliip.] To hurt the foot
with gravel confined by tl)« Ojocm

G R A

■ Gr A Ve L Ess. adj. [from grave.] Wanting
a tomb; unburied.

My brave Egyptians all,
By the difcandying of this pclletted ftorm,
L,t gravele/t. Shake/p. Antony and Cleopatra

JjRA VELLY. adj. [gra-veleux, French; from
^»W.] Full of gravel; abounding with
gravel; confifting of gravel.

There are fome natural fpring waters that will
inlapidatewood; fo that you lliall fee one piece of
wood, whereof the part above the water Ihall con-
tinue wood, and the part under the water (hall be
turned into a ^r.jw//v Hone. Bacon's Nat Hijl

it you live in a confumptive air. make choice of
tne more open, high, dry, .inJ gravelly part of it.

^ , , r/- ^^'""^>y 0" CanfumptioHu

tiRA'vELY. adx'. [from ^;«z;;..]

I . Solemnly ; ferioufly ; foberly ; without
iightnefs or mirth.

Thou flrand'ft
i^ravcly in doubt whether to hold them wife. Milton
A girl longs to tell her confidant that Ihe hones
to be marrfed in a little time, and afks her verv
gravely what (he would have her to do. SpeOaior

Wildom's above fufpeding wiles ;
Tile ijueen of learning gravely fmiles. Siulfi

evcHVn™"!, ^r"^ *'', "">■ ^'•■'•^'•6' carried to hi^
excellency, by fome zealous members. Swift

Is't not enough the blockhead fcarce can read, '
Hut he muft wilely look, and ^^w/y plead \ Young

2. Without gaudinefs or fliow.

Gra'vekess. ,/./. [from ^,«.-.r.] Scriouf-
nefs; folemnity and fobriety of beha-
viour.

yputh no lefi becomes
The light and carelcfs livery that it wears,
Than lettled age his fables, and his weeds
Importing health ini. gravenefs. SbaleFb

■ VT ^"i ^^' '"^""^ °*^ counfels when too full ;
Number makes long difputes and gravenefs dull.

G„ / ' •,. _ Denham.

RAVEOLENy, adj. Ip-atieokm, Latin.]
strong fccnted'. j^-^

GraVer. fcomp. of^nrt*.. .Sfce Gr-ave.*
Oraver., »./ [graveur, French; from

grave.] •.,..<

I . One whofe bnfinefs is to infcribe or carve

upon hard fubftances; one who copies

piftures upon wood or metal to be im.

prefled on papci'..' ' - .

, If he makes^ ;i 'defigni to be graied, he is to re-

mciriberth^ 'A?.,g«vm' difpore not their colours

..^' N painters do; and that,, by confequencche

^ multtalteocQafion to find" the reafon of his delTgn

mthe natural fliadows^of (he figures, which he has

. dVfed to caufe the effea, hry'den's Dufrefnoy.

a. The ftyle or tool ufed in graving.

With all the care wherewith I tried upon it the
known ways of foftening graver,, \ could not foftrn
• ■ this. D ,

The foilfome hours in diff'tentlibouf ■Aide, ^ '^'
Seme wotinha file, and Ibmc the ^rorw guide.

Q~ ' .. r 1 /• Cay' 3 Pan,

R-A v.£>Ts fupetl. ofgra-ve. See Grave.-
GRA'y£-srqNE.»,/. [gra-ve and Jione.] The
ftone that is laid over the grave; the mo-
nuHientai ftone.

Timon, prefcntly prepare thy grave;
Lye where the white foam of the fca may beat
Thy ^«.f.>« daily ._ Slrah/peare's Timon.

-

KAV,fDlT\. v.f. {grd'viciui,'LMxn.

nahcy; ftate of being with child.

] Preg,-

Women, obftruded, have not always the fore-
mentioned fymptoms r in thofe the f^^.moigravi.
</;/> and oblirudionj are hard' to be dillincuilhed in
Ihebegmnmg. . Arbuthno\ on Diet.

Gra'ving. n.f. [from-enro,.] Carved

work.,
gkilful to Work in gold ; alfo to grave any manner

ot graving, and to£ndout every device which (hall
, It put to him, - 2C6,v,ii.-i4.

V

G R A

r» GRA'V.ITATE. ■z: n. [from gravli,
Latin.] To tend to the centre of at-

traflion, . ^ , ,

Thofe who h*ve natore's fteps with care purlu d,
Thit matter it wilh aflhe force enduM,
That al! its parn magnetick pow'r exert,
And to each other gyavhalt affert. Bhckmvrc.

That lubtle jnaltcr mull be of the fame fubftancc
with all other matter, and as much as is compre-
hended within a pirticulM body rouft gravitate
joi:«ly with that body. i A^v

Gravita'tiom.*./- {('comgravitatf.\ A«
©f tending to the centre.

The moft confiderable phenomenon belonging to
the terreftrial bodies is the general aaiou o( gravi-
taiitr., whereby all known bodies, in the vicinity ot
the earth, do tend aad ptefs towards its centre.

Benlhy.

When the loofe mountain trembles from on high,

Shall gJ-JT'/Za/'O" ceafe, if you go by? Poft.

G R a'v 1 T Y . ». /. {grtmitas, Latin ; gravite,

French.]
1. Weight; heavinefs j tendency to the

centre.

That quality by which all heavy bodies tend to-
wards the centre, accelerating their motion the nearer
they approach towards it, true philolophy has (hewn
to be unfolvcable bv any hypothcfis, and refolved it
into the immediate will of the Creator. Ol all
(wdies, confidered within the confines of any fluid,
there is a twofold gravity, true and abfolute, and
vulgar or comparative : abfolute gravity is the whole
force by which any body tends downwards) but
the relative or vulgar is the excefs of grarvUy in one
hody above the {^cAt^ gravity of the fluid, where-
by it tends downwards more than the ambient fluid

dJth. , ,. ^'"'"Q'-

Bodies do fwim or fink in different liquors, accord-
ing to the tenacity or gravity of ihofe liquors which
are to fupport them. Brrtxin.

Though this increafe of denfity may at great
diftanccs be exceeding flow, yet if the elaftick tone
of this medium be exceeding great, it may fufficc to
impel bodies from the denier parts of the medium
towards the rarer, with all tlut power which we
call gravity. . Ncujton's Oftickt.

2. Atrocioufnefs; weight of guik.

No man could ever have thought this reafonable,
that had intended thereby only to punifli the injury
committed, according to the gravity of the fait.

^tiooktr,

%. Serioufnefs; folemnity.

There is not a white hair on your face but (hould
have his eflfea ol gravity. Shakifp. Urnry IV.

Our youths and wildnefs (hall no whit appear.
But all be buried in ^\%gravily. Shakejfeart.

For the advocates and council that plead, patience

and travily of hearing is an cllcntial part of jullicc.

• hacon.

Great Cato there, for gravity renown'd. Dryden.

The emperors often jciied on their rivals or pre-
decc(rors, but their mints ftill maintained their gra-
vity. Addi/on.

He will tell you with great gravity, that it is a
dai%croua thing for a man that has beea ufed to get
money, ever to leave it otf. i"'"'.

GiiA'vy. «./. The ferous juice that runs
■ from flelh notmuch dried by the fire.

- Meat we love half raw, with the blood trickling
down from it, delicately terming it the grat<;>, which
in truth looks more like an ichorous or raw bloody
jnHlcx. Ilarvty on Confumftians.

There may be ftrongcr broth made ot vegetables
than of any gravy foup Arbutbnot mAlimtntt,

CRAY. adj. [j^nag, Saxon ; grau, Danifli;
vra4iu, Dutch,]

I. White with a mixture of xm:<.

They left me then, when tl>e gray headed eves,
Like a fad »otairift in palmer's weed,
Rafc from the tuodmoft wheels of Phcebus' wain.
*^ ■ Mi /ten.

Thefe gray and dun coloun may be alio produced
by toixing whites and blacks, aiidlry confequencc
diife fiom perfeft whites, not in fpecies of colours,
*u» only in degree of luminoufuefs. Nrwioit.

G R A

2. White or hoary with old age. ...

Living creatures generally do change their hair]
with age, turning to be gray; as is feen in men,
though fome earlier and fome later; lo horlcs, that
are dappled and turn white ; in old f^uirrels that turn
grifly, and many others. Bacon's Natural Hilary.
Thou hall neither forfakcn me now 1 am become
gray headed, iiorfuffered me to forfake thee _in the
late days of temptation. Iralton.

Anon
Gray headed men and grave, with warriours mix'd,
Aflimble. M/rw:V Paradifi Uft.

The reftoration of gray hairs to juvenility, and
renewing the eihaufted marrow, may be effeaed.

Glamiille'i Sce^ii,

Cray headed infant? and in vain grown old!

Art thou to learn that in another's gold

Lie charms refiftlefs ? Dryden'! Jitvt'ia!.

We moll of us are grown gray headed in our dear

mailer's fervicc. Addifon't SptHator.

Hit gray hair'd fynods damning books unread.
And Bacon trembling for his braien head. I'ofr.

3. Dark like the opening or clofe of day ;
of the colour of afhes.

Our women's names are more gracious than their
Ca:cilia, that is, ^rajr eyed. Camdtn'i Ktmaim.

The gray ey'd mom fmiles on the trowning night,
Cheq'fing the eaftern clouds with ftreaks of light.
^ Shakt/fcare.

I'll fay yon gray is not the morning's ^ y »
'Tis but the pale reflex of Cynthia's brow. Sbak.

Soon as the gray ey "d morninji (Ireaks the (kies.
And in tlie doubtlul day the woodcock flics. Gay.
Gray. ti.f. A gray colour.

Down funk the fun, the clofing hour of day
Came onward, mantled o'er witli dulkygijy.

Parnel.

Gray. «./. A badger. Ainfiutrth.

Gra'ybeard. «./. igray and heard.^ An

old man : in contempt.

Youngling, thou can'ft noflove fo dear as I.
Grayieard, thy love doth freeze. Sbakeff.

Have 1 in conqueft llretcht mine arm fo far,
To be afraid to tell grayhcards the Iruih ? Shakcfp.

GRA'YLiNG.w.y. Ithjmalltti.l The umber,
afifli.

The grayling lives in fuch rivers as the trout does,
and is ufually taken with the fame baits, and alter
the fame manner: he is of a. fine Ihape, his flefli
white, and his teeth, thofe little ones that he has,
ate in his throat. He is not fo general a fi(h as the
trout, norfogopd to cat. fValton's Angler.

Gra'yness. k./. [from j-roy.] The quality

of being gray.
To Graze, t-. n. \i(om grafs.']
1 . To eat grafs ; to feed on grafs.

The grcatell of my pride is to fee my ewes graxe,

and thy lambs luck. Hbakeff. Ai you like it.

Craze where you will, you (hall not houfe with me.

' Sbakeff.

Leaving in his fields h\t graxing cows.

He fought himfelf fome holpitabic houfe. Dryden.

The more ignoble throng
Attend their (lately lleps, and llowly graxe along.

Dryden

z. To fupply grafs.

Phyficians advife their patients to rem»vc into

^ airs which arc plain champaigns, but graxing and

not overgrown with heath. Bacon.

The fcwers muft be kept fo as the water may no',
ftay too long in the Spring; for then the groui^d
continucth the wet, whereby it will never graxt to
purpofe that year. Bacon.

A third fort oi graxjng ground is that near the fe.i,
which is commonly very rich land. Mortimer.

3. To move on devouring.
As every ftate lay next to the other that was op-

1 ptelTed, fo the fire perpetually graad. Bacon.

4, [From m/fr, French.] To touch lightly.

Mark then a bounding valour in our Englilh,
That being dead, like to the \i\i\\e.U graxjng.
Breaks out intq a fecond courfe of roifchi»f,
Killing irvrdapfeof mailaJily. Si»k'Jf. Henry Y.
T» Graae. V, «.

Duniel'i Civil If or.

G R E

1. To tend grazing cattle; to fct cattle to
feed on grafs.
Jacob gras.'d his uncle Laban's Iheep. Sbahff).

0 happy man, faith he, that, lo! J fee
Graung liiJ caitle in tliofe/pleif nt field:.
11 he but know his good ! '^ "' ''

z. To feed upon.

1 was at (ird as other hearts, that gra^e
The trodden herb, of abjea thoughts and low. Milf.

Their Heeds around,
Free from their harnefs, giaxe the flow'ry ground.

Dryden.

Some graxe their land 'till Chriftmas, and fom;

longer. , ' Mortim<.

1 his Neptune gave him, when he gav« to k«b
His fcaly flocks th.it ^raxe the wat'ry deep. Dryden.
The lambs with wolves (bMgraxe the verdant mead.

F:fe.

3. To fupply with grafs.

He hath a houfe and a barn in repair, and a field
or two to vraxx his cjws, witli a garden and orchard.

Siilfi,

Gra'zer. ». /. [from grazt-.l One that
grazes or feeds on grafs.

His flock daily crops
Their verdant dinner from the moflfy turf
SufBcienl : after them the cackling gooie,
Clofe graxer, finds whercwilh to cafe her svanf.

Philips.

Gra'zier. «. /. [from^r«w,] One wlio
feeds cattle.

Al! graxiers piefer their cattle from meaner paf.
tures to better. ^ Bteon

Gentle peace, which filleft the hufbandman «
barns, the^r,r*;Vr's folds, and the tradsfman's (bop.

Hovel.

His confufion increafed when he fbnnd the alder-
man's father to be a graxier. Spetialor.

Of agriculture the defolation made in the country

bycngrolTingfrai/cJ, and the great yearly impor-

ration of corn from England, arc lamentable mllances

under what difcouragement it lies. Sviijt.

GREASE. n.f.[graije, French.]

1. The foft part of the fat; the oily or
unfluous part of animals.

Creafe, that's fweaten
From the murth'rer's gibbet, throw ., , ,

Int« the flame. Sbake/f. Macbeth.

To take out a fpot ofgrea/e they ulc a coal upon
br«wn paper. Bacon's Nat. Hijt.

Thou hop'ft, with facrificc of oxen (lain.
To compafs wealth, and bribe the god of gain
To give thee flocks and herbs, with l.trge encreafe ;
Fool I to expeft them from a bullock 'sgrM/i-.

Dryd. Jtrv.
A girdle, foul with »««/>, binds hisobfcene attire.

Dryden.

2. [In horfemanlhip.] A fwelling and gour-
dinefs of the legs, which happens to a
horfe after a journey, or by ftandinglong
in the liable.

ro Grease, a;, a. [from the noun.]

1. To fmear or anoint with greafc.

2. To bribe ; to corrupt with prefents.

Envy not tne (lore
Of the g'r.is'd advocate, that grinds the poor. Dryd.

Gre'asiness »/. {fiom grfo/i:'] Oilinefs;

fatneft.

Upon the moft of thefe ftones, after thev are cut,
there appears always, as it were, a kind of gre.ifin<-fj
or iinau.fity. ^"y"-

Gre'asy. at/j. [from^rM^.]

1. Oily; fat; unftuous.
The fragments, fcraps, the bits and jrwA reliques

Of hfr o'ereaten faith. Sbakrff.

2. Smeared with greafe.
E«r. tho lewd rabble

Covern'd their roaring throats, and |rumlled pi»y:

I could have hugg'd iht gieafy rogues; they pleafed

me. , ''/«"'>

Buv(hecp, and fee that they be big-boned, and

have i fofi, grea^, well curled clofe wool. Mert.

3. Fat of body; bulky: m reproach.

N

G R E

L«t'i eonrult together againft ihls grfa^ Vn'ight.

Sbakefpeare.

GREAT, adj. [jpear, Saxon; gnot, Dutch.]
I. La.r*e in bulk or number.

Judas one of the twelve came, and with him a
frni/ multitude with fwrrdjand ftaves. Mat. Mvi.
All thefe cities were ttuced with high waili, gates
aod bars, bclides unwalied towns a great many.

Dtut. iii. ;.
Elemental air difFus'd
In circuit to the uttermoft convex
Of this great round. Millon.

And God created the great whales. Milton.

A dungeon horrible, on all fides round,
As one great furnace flam'd. Milton.

The talleft pine
Hewn on Norwegian hils, to be the maft
Of fome^«/ admiral. Mihtm.

i. Having any quality in a high degree.

There were they \ngreat fear. Pf. xiv. 5.

Their pow'r was^M/. Miiion.

Great (riiunph and rejoicing was in hcav'o. Milt.
, Cliarms fuch as thine, inimitably great
He only could eiprefs. Broome.

5. Having number or bulk, relative or com-
parative.

The idea of f» much it pofitive and clear : the
idea of greater is alfo clear, but it is but a compa-
rative idea. Lxke,

J. Confiderable in extent or duration.

Thou halt fpolcen of thyfervant'shoufe for a great
while to come. j Sa. vii. 19.

+, Important ; weighty.

Make fure
Her favours to thee, and the ^reac oath take.
With which the bleflcd gods airurance make.

Chapman.
Many
Hare broke their backs with laying manors on them,
i-orthis ^ira/ journey. Sbakeffeart' t Henry VUl.

What IS low raife and fupport.
That to the height of this ^rw/ argument
I may affert eternal Providence,
And vindicate the ways of God to man. Milton.

On lome great charge employ'd
He feem'd, or tis'd in cogitation deep. Millon.

By experience of this great event.
In arminot worfe. Milton.

After Clence then

And lummons read, the great confult began. Milt.

And though this be a great truth, if it be impar-

tia.iy confidercd, yet it is alfo a great paradox .to men

of corrupt minds and villous practices. Tillot/on.

fe. Chief; principal.

Hear the king'spleafure, cardinal, who commands
you
To render up the ;r„r fcal prefently. Sb. Hen. VUI.

7. Venerable; adorable; awtul.

Thou tirft art wont Goi'igreat authentick will,
Interpreter, through higheft h.av'n to bung. Milt.
». TVonderfuI; manxllous,

rw-'t' '^'"*'' '"'' '^"" "f ^ooder. MUlon.

g, Ut high rank; of large power.

Such men as he be never at heart's eafe,
Whilftthey behold a j^«»,r '•>»" themfeWes. Sbak.

Worthieft by being good,
far more than great or high, Milton.

W all the great, ho* few
Arejuft to heav'n, and to their promife true ! Pape.

Misfortune made the ihrjneher fcit,
And noiie could be unhappy but the great. Rnvr
„, ^ Dclfife Ihc farce of rtate.
The fober follies of the wife and great. Pot,.

, ..T^r ?".'"'.'"""''"''■""'' ""high,

I yj hofe dead m vaulted archts lie ;
; . ■Thtfc, all the poor remains of ftate,

Adoiii the rich, or praife the great. Parnel

j6. General; extcnfive in confequence or
innuence.

I'rolilick humour foftning all her globe.
Fermented the great mother to conceive. Milton.

1 1 . JI uft/iouj ; eminent ; noble ; excellent.

^OL«d, thou art ,..r,..,.hy name is ^.„,,„
The great Creator thus reply'd, Miii,n

Vol. I.

G R E

"Vtit great Son return 'd
Viftorious with his faints. Milton.

Fair angel, thy defire that tends to know
The works of God, thereby to glorify
1\it. great work-mafter tends to no excefs
That reaches blame. Mii,„„

_^reat are thy works Jehovah, infinite
Thy pow'r ! what thought can meafure thee, or

tongue
Relate thee ! greater navi in thy return.
Than from the giant angels : thee that day
Thy thunders magnified, but to create
Is greater than created to dcftroy. Miltim.

The ^r^'a^ luminary.
Aloof the vulgar conftellations thick.
That from his lordly eye keep diftance due,
Difpenfes light from far. Millon

Here Csfar grac'd with both Minervas fhone,
Cffifar, the world's grwr matter, and hit own. Pope
Scipio '

Great in his triumphs, in retirement Fre,f. Pope.

12. Grand of afpeft ; of elevated mien.

Such Dido was; with fuch becoming ftate,
Amidft the crowd, Ihe walks fercncly^rc^jr. Dryden

13. Magnanimous; generous ; high minded!

In her every thing was goodly and (lately j yet fo.
that It might feem that gr«r mindednefs was but
tlie ancient-bearer to the humblenefs. Sidney.

14. Opulent; fumptuous; magnificent.

Not Babylon,
^at great Alcairo, fuch magnificence

^'u ";t'." *' "''^'' «'''""• Millon.

Hedifdained not to appear at ^m/ tables, and

feftival entertainments. ' Atterbury.

I J. Intelleftually great ; fublime.

This new created werld, how good, how fair,
Anfwenng his great Idea. Miltot.

10. bwelling ; proud,

Solyman perceived that Vienna was not to be won
with words, nor the defendants to be dilcouraged
Zl'lU *'"' ''"'"' «l'"=f''re he began lobatrtrthe

„■ . Knolles.

17. familiar; much acquainted. A low
word.

Thofe that would not cenfure, or fpeak ill of a
man immediately, will talk more boldly of thofe
that are great with them, and thereby wound their
honour. j,

n n . Jiacon.

18. Pregnant; teeming.
His eyes fomctimes even great with tears. Sidney

Their bellies great
WiUi fwelling vanity, bring forth deceit. SanJi,,.

1 his fly, for mod he flings in heat ofday.
From cattle grM, with young keep thou away. May.

19. It IS added in every ftep of afcending
or defcending confanguinity : as great
grandfon is the fon of my grandfon.

1 dare not yet affirm for the antiquity of our lan-
f'f''-)''\''^'r""-S"'"-Sreai granifires tongue
came out of Pcrfia. C J

(.^Ya"' "" *'""-.f"" g'-'i'lfather theyTalkd
forthafader. CumdenS Remain,.

Their holiday-doaths go from lather to fon, and
are feldom worn out till the fccond or third geneia-
tionj fo that 'tis common enough to f« a country-

"the" '"'"*'" °' '"'«'■"' 8""J-

20. Hai^ ; difficult : grievous. A ptolerbKi
expremon. "^

hh no jreat matter to live lovingly with eooj
na uied and meek «rfon,. Tayill DeioZi.

Gjiiat. n./. [from the adjertive.] The
whole ; the grofs ; the whole in a lump.

ToletoutthyharveitbygrM,orbyday, *^
Ut this by experience lead Ihec the way •
By«r«/ will deceive thee with ling'ring it out,

^fL" \il''"'r^• c -r-jf'r-hlujhlndry.

.u ^ bthoveful, for the ftrength of the navJ

that no (hip, (hould be builded byShe great "lor

ff 1^' , ... Raleigh', May,.

He did at length fo many llain forget, ^

And loft the tale, and took them by ihej^,™,. Dryd

Carpenters bu.U an hoiife by the^,*,, and ari
agreed for iha ivm. of money. Moxon's MkI, Exer

G R E

I fet afide one day^in a week for lovers, and in-
terpret by the great for any gentlewoman who i«
turned of fixty. Addif,;^.

Oreatbellied. adj. Igreat z^^ beliUd.^
Pregnant; teeming.

GrealBetlied women.
That had not half a week to go, like rams
In the old time of war, fliould (hake theprefs. Shai.

■ \ ^"•"^'ll'"! woman, walking through the city
in the day.time, had her child ftruck out of her
womb, and carried half a furlong from her. fyHkim.

■rcCxREA'TEK. cu. a. [itoxn grettt.] To
aggrandize ; to enlarge ; to magnify. A
word little ufed,

■ r^l''" ^^^^ ^°^^'^^ '" S"""" themfelves in Italy
itlelf, uling rtrangers for the comm.inders of their
armies, the Turks by degrees beat them out of all
their goodly countries. Raleigh.

A favourite's bufinefs is to pleafe his king, a mi.
niftcr s togreaten and exalt him. Ken

OREATHEA'nTED.aa)- [great and heart.]
High fpinted ; undejefted.

The earl, ss greattearted as he, declared that he
neither cared for his friendlhip, nor feared his hatred
^ , Clarendon .

Gr e'atly. adv. [from great.]

1 . In a great degree.

, J"';>''^'"^,J«;i'U'-'-;?'&'n"''iply. Milton.

2. Nobly ; illuftnoufly.

Yet London, emprefs of the northern clime, '
\T ^^ '''°" S'"'^' (lidlt expire. Dryden

3. Magnanimoufly ; generouHy; bravely.

Where are thefe bold intrepid Ions of war, ,

1 hai greatly turn their backs upon the foe,
And to their general fend a brave defiance ? Addilon.
Gre'atness, »./. [from^r^^.] .

1. Largenefs of quantity or number.

2. Comparative quantity.

We can have no politive idea of any fpace or du-
ration, which IS not made up of and conimenfurate
to repeated numbers of feet or yards, or days or
years, and whereby we judge of the ^rw/,,, A of thefe
lort ot quantities. Locke

All ablent good does not, according to the ereai'.
nef, it has, or is acknowledged to have, caule pain
equal to l\-,it.greatn,f,, as all pain caufes defireejuaj
to i.ftif i hecaufe the abfence of good is net always,
pam, as the prcfence of pain is. Lo^lie

3. High degree of any quality.
nefs

Zeal in duties, (hould be proportioned to the^rwr,
Js ol the reward and the certainty. Rogers

4. High place; dignity; power; influenced
empire. '

The moft fervile flattery is lodged mod eafily in
the gro(reft capacity ; for their ordinary conceit
draweth a yielding to grealnej,, and then have thev
not wit to difcern the nght degrees of duty. SidneL

I-arcwell, a long farewell to all my greatne/,. Sbak.
So many
As will to greatnef, dedicate them'elves. Sbakeft

1 'otgyouT greatne/s not to give the law
In other realms ; but beaten, to withdraw. Dryden

Appro iching greatnef, met him with her chirms
01 pow'r and future (tatc J
He (hook her from his arms. Dryden

1 hemirtocles raifcd the Athenians to their /rwr-
neft^t fe,i, which he thought to be .he true and con-
Itant intereft of that comraanwealth. S-wifi

5. fwelling pride ; afFefted itate. '

My lord wo.uld have you know, that it is not of
pride or greatnef, that he cometh not aboard your

6. Merit; magnanimity ; noblenefs of mTnd!

l.reain.f ot mind and noblenefs their feat
Build in her loveliell. m-i.

Gi /. Jnition.

, randeur; ftate; magnificence.

G,™/^0 with Timon dwells in fuch a draught.
As brings all Brobdignag before your thought Pofie

Greave. „./, [jpa-p, Saxon,] A grove'
iipenfer. "

Yet when there haps a honey-fall.
We'll lick the firupt leaves, *
And tell the; bees that theirs is ga'l
To that upon the g,reavt,. M, Drayton.

5 ^ Glt«AVBS.

G R E

tJRKAVES, n. f, [from grtvis. French.]
Armour for the legs ; a fort of boots.
It wants the fingular number.

He had grcavei of brafsupon his legs. I. Sa. xvii.

A Ihield make for liim, and a helm, fair greavfs,

anilcurctsfucli

As may rcnoivn thy workmanfliip, and honour him

as much. Cbjpman^i liiadx.

Grecism. k. /. \jr<rcifmat, Latin.] An

idiom of the Greek language.
Gree. n. f. [^r/, French; probably from
graHa. ] Good will ; favour ; good grace.

And falling her before on lowly knee.
To her makes prefent of his fervice feen,
Which (he accepts wi(h thanks and goodly gree.

Sfenfer.

Greece. »./. [corrupted from degrtes. It
is written likewife grtne or grice.^ A
flight of fteps. Obfolete.

Ev'ry greece of fortune
Is fmolher'd by that below. Shakcffra<e.

After the proceflion, the king himfelf remainnig
fc.-.ted in the quire, the lord archbiftiop upon the
grace of the quire, made a long oration

G RE

any pro*f, ftey fall into a kind of male grttn fick-
ntf,. Siaitfp. Hemjr IV.

Till the^rrM ficknefs and love's force betray'd
To death's rcmorfclcfs arms th' unhappy maid.

Cartb.

from

, Flourilhing ; frefti i
trees in fpring.

undecayed i

Bacon.

Gre'edily. «i/f. \from gree/fj.] Eagerly;
ravenoufly ; voracioufly ; with keen ap-
petite or defire.

Greedily (he cngorg'd without reftraint. Milton.
He fwallow'd it as greedily
Al parched earth drinks rain. Denhjm.

Ev'n deadly plants, and herbs of pois'nous juice
Wild hunger feeks ; and to prolong our breath.
We greedily devour our certain death. Drydtn,

Gre'ediness. ». /. [from _gT<'ft/v.] Ka-
venoufncfs; voracity; htmger; eagernefs
of appetite or defire.

Fox in rteallh, wolf in greedineft. Sbak. K. Lear.

Thither with all greedine/s of afFeftion are they

gone, and there they intend to fup." Sbakeffi.

If thou wert the woll thy grwt/ia^ would aflftitt

jhee. Shakeffeare's Timon.

1 with the fame greedine/s did feek,
As wat..r when I thirtt, to (wallow Greek. Denbam.
GRE'EDY. adj. fsrsaij. Sax. graadig,
Dan. gretig, Dutch.]

1, Ravenous; voracious; hungry.

Asa lion that is^rcfi/)/ of his prey, i^: xvii. I2.

Be not unfaliablc in any dainty thing, nor too
jrwi/yupon meats. EccUJ. «xxvii. 29.

He made \!m greedy ravens to be IClias s caiciers,
and bring him food. King Chxrtes.

2. Eager J vehemently defirous. It is now
commonly taken in an ill fenfe.

Creedy to know, as is the mind of man.
Their caufc o(deat'i,fw:ft to the lire (he ran. Fairfax.

The ways of eveiy one (hat is*gr^f(/>'of gain. I'lov.

Stern look'd the ticnd, as fruttrate uf his will.
Not half fuflk'd and grerdy yet to kill. Dtyden.

\Vtiile the reaper fills his g'«a')' hands,
Ai:d binds the golden (heaves in brittle bands. Dryd.

How tcaiful would he be of all greedy and unjult
ways of railing ilK:r lortune ? Law.

GREEN, adj. \g>un, German; gr.en,
Dutch.]

1. Ha\ing a colour formed commonly by
compounding blue and yellow ; of the
colour of the leaves of trees or herbs.
The green colour is faid to be moll fa-
vouraolc to the fight.

The general colour of planit is green, wli'.ch is
a colour that no flower is of : there is a grceniOi
piimrofc, buj it IS pale and fcarcc a ^ff//. B.tcon.

Grove* for r»er^i««. Pope.

2. Pale; fickly : from whence we call the
maid's difeafe the ^ir^w ficknefs, or chlo-
rojil. Like it is Happha's 5;Aifor«f,i»«a4.

Was the hope drunk
Wherein you dteft youifell ? Hath it flept fince ?
And wakes it now 10 look (ogieen and pale
At what it did fo freely ? iiakr/peare'i Macbeth.
Theis'i never any of thcfe demure boys come 10

If I have any~wherc faid a green old age, 1 have
Virgil's authority; Sed cruda deovirifjue feneltus.

Dry den.

(.. New ; frelh : as a green wound.

The door is open, fir ; there lies your way :
You may be jogging while yout boots ate green.

Sbakefp.
Griefs are grfpn;
And all thy friends.which thou mu(t make thy friciuis.
Have but their (lings and teeth newly ta'en out

Sbakeff.

In a vault.
Where bloody Tybalt, yet but jfiw^r in earth,
Licsfefleringinhis (hroud. Sbak. Romeo and Juliet .

A man that (\udicih revenge keepeth his own
wounds green, which olherwife would heal and do
well. Bacon'i Effayt.

I might dilate on the temper of the people, the
power, arts, and interell of the contrary party, but
thofe are invidious lopicks, too green in our remem-
brance. Dryden.

5. Not dry.
Ifafpark of error have thus far prevailed falling

even where the wood was green, and farlhel) olf from
any inclination unto furious attempts; muft not the
peril thereof be greater in men, whofe minds are of
themfclves as dry at fcwel, apt beforehand unto tu-
mults ? Hooker's Dedication.

Being an olive tree
Which late he fell'd ; and being grcfnf muft be
Made lighter for his manage. Cbapman,

Of fragility the caufe is an impotency to be ex-
tended, and therefore (lone is more fragil than metal,
and fo dry wood is more fragil than green. Bacon.

If you but confider a piece of green wood burning
in a chimney, you will readily difcern, in the dif-
banded parts of it, the four elements. Boyle.

The green do often heat the ripe, and the ripe, fo
heated, give lire to the ^i-««. Mortimer's Hujh.

6. Not roafted ; half raw.

Under this head we may rank thofe words which
fignify different ideas, by a fort of an unaccountable
far-fetched analogy, or dillant rcfemblancc, that
fancy has introduced between one thing and another;
as when we fay the meat is green, when it is half
roalkd. IVatls's Logick.

Unnpe; immature; young : becaufe fruits
are green before they arc ripe,

My fallad days.

G R E

O'er the fmooth enamell'd grten.
Where no piint of ftep hath been,
I'oUow me as I fing. Milttrs

The young yEniilia, fairer to be feen
Than the fair lilly on the flow'ry green. Drydus.

3. Leaves; branches; wreaths.

With greens and flow'rs recruit their empty hi*$.
And feek frc(h foiagc to fuftaiu their lives. Dryden.

Ev'ry brow with cheerlul green is crown'd ;
The (ialls arc doubled, and the bowls go round.

Dryden.
The fragrant ^reeirilfetk, my brows to VxviA.uryd,
-To Grekn. "v. a. [from the noun.] To
make green. A low word.

Great Spring before
Gfettt'd all the year ; and fruits and blofToms blu(h'd
Infocial fweetnris on the felf-fame bough. ThompJ,
Gre'enbroom. »./. [cylifogeniJiia,'Ln\n.\
A (hrub. MilUr.

Gre'encloth. ». /. A board or courf of
juftice held in the counting-houfe of the
king's houfliold, for the taking cogni-
zance of all matters of government and
juftice i^ithin theking'scourt-royal; and
for corrcfting all the fcrvants that (hall
offend. Dia.

For the greenclolb law, take it in the largeft fenf«>
I have no opinion of it. Bacon's advice to Viillicrs,
Gre'enbyed. <7i^'. S^reemnA eye.'\ Having
eyes coloured with greert.

Doubtful thoughts, and ra(h-embrac*d defpair,
Andfhudd'ringfear, and grff*yifi/jealouff. Sbak.

Gre'enfinch. n.J. [Moris.} A' kind of
bird.

The chaffinch, greenfinch, dormoufe, and other
fmall birds, are injurious to fome fruits. Mortimer.

Gre'enfish. »./. [a/f///(j, Latin.] A kind
offifll. Ainfinorth.

Gre'ekgage. n.f. A fpecies ofplum.

GREE'NHotJSE. n.f. [green and i5ip •//<•.] A
houfe in wliich tender plants are Sicltered
from the weather.

If the feafon prove exceeding piercing, which'you
may know by the freezing of a moifteiied cloth fet
in ycfliT greenboufe, kindle fome charcoal. E-irlyn.

Sometimes our road led us into feveral hollow ■
apartments among the rocks and mountains, that
look like fo many natural greenbpufes, as being al-
ways (haded with a great variety of trees and (hrubs
that never lofe their verdure. Addijon.

A kitchen garden is a more pleafant fight than the
fined orangery or artificial greenboufe. SfecKior.

Myfalladdays,, Gr e'e N isH. <7«>'. [from ^r«ff.] Somewhut

When 1 was ?r«»in ludgment, coldin blood !.^Oi»«. I ,.-' l a j

O charming youth! in the firft op'ning page ; gteen ; tending to green.

So many graces in io green an age. Dryden.

You'll find a dii^rence
Between the promife of his greener days.
And thefc he mailers now. Sbake/f. Henry V.

If you would fat green geefc, (hut them up when
they are about a month old. Moi timer's HiiJhanJry.

Stubble gcefe at Michaelmas 'are feen
Upon the fpit, next May produces green. f^'ng.

Green. «./.

I . The green colour ; green colour of dif-
ferent fhades.

Her mother hath i mended.
That, (juaint in green, (he Ihall be loofc enrob'd.

Sbake/p.
But with your nrefence chee'ri,they ceafe to mourr,.
And walks wear utiher green at your return. Dryden.
Cinnabar, illuminated by this beam, appears of
the fame red colour as in day light ; and if at the
lens you intercept the green making and blue making
rays>. Its rcdnefs will become more full and lively.

Nrufton's Opticks,

Let us but confider the two colours of yellow and

blue, if they are mingled together in anv confiderable

proportion, they make ^ green. fratts's J..ogick.

2. A graffy plain.

Vor this down-trcdden equity, we tread
In warlike march thefe greeiis before your town.

Sbake/peare.

2.
3-

4-

With goodly greenijh locks, all loofe, unty'd.
As each had been a bride. Spenfer.

Ol this order the green of all vegetables feeras to
be, partly by reafon of the Intenfenefs of their ce-
lours, _and partly becaufe, when they wither, fome of
them turn to a greenijh yellow. tieiutin,

Gre'knly. ad-v. [from grei)i,'\
1 . With a greenifh colour.

Newly; frefhly.

Immaturely.

Wanly ; timidly. Not in ufe.

Kate I cannot look greenly, nor gafp out my elo-
quence; nor have I cunning in protettation. Sbakefp.

Gre'enness. n.f. [from ^r«».]
I. The quality of being green ; viridity;
viridnefs.

About it grew foch fort of trees, as either excel-
lency of fruit, ftatelinefs of growth, continual ^rren-
nefs, or poetical fancies have made at any time fa-
mous. Sidney.

In a meadow, though the.meer grafsand;rf««K/>
delights, yet the variety of fioweis doth heighten and
bcauiiiy. Ben jfan/on.

My reafon, which dlfcourfes -on what it tinds in
my phantafy, can Qoniiitr greennefs by itfelf, or mel-
lownefs, or fwtetucis, or coldnefa, lingly and alone
by itfelt, Digby on bodies.

2, Immaturity;

G R E

t. Immaturity; unripenefs.

This prince, while yet the errors in fiii nature

were excufed by (he greawefi of his youth, which
toolc all the fault upou itfeii, loved a private man's
wife. Sidtiey.

J. Frefhnefs; rigou

Talce the pifture of a man in the greemufs and
vivacity of bis youth, and in the latter date and
fleclenfion of his drooping years, and you will fcarce
know it to belong to the fame perfon. Souih.

^. Newnefs.

Gree'nsiceness. n.f. \gr!ett^x\&.Jtchiefs.'\
The difcafe of maids, fo called from the
palenefs which it produces

G R I

Sour eruftations, and a craving appetite, efpecially
of terrefttial and abforbcnt fubftances, are the cafe
of girls in the grcenficknefs. Arbuihyiai.

Gree'nsward. J «./. [green inA fivard :
Grh'ensword. 5 of the the fame original
with/x(.<7/^.J The turf on which grafs
grows.

This is the preltieft low-bom lafi that ever
Ran on iht gretn/-ux>rJ. Siaie/p. H'inur'tTale.

After break thcfr £ail
On grctnfword ground, a cool and grateful t*(le.

DryJtH.

In (hallow foils all is gravel within a few inches ;

«nd fometimes in low ground a thin gretmjtuard,

and doughy underneath ; which tail turut all into

fcog. Sivift.

Gre'enweed, h. J. [greeu and njuee^.]

Dyers weed.
Gre'enwood. ti./. [jretH and tvoo J.] A
wood confidered as it appears in the
Spring or Summer. It is fometimes ufed
as one word.
Among H ild herbs under the greratitoJ (hade.

Fair/ax.
It happen'd on a Summer's holiday,
That to the grremuaoJ (hade he took his way;
For Cymon Ihtinn'd the church. Vrydet.

To GREET, v. a. [grtuor, Latin; jficcan,
Saxon. J

1. To addrefs at a meeting.

I think if men, which in thefe places live,
Diirft look in thenifclves, and themfelvcs retiieve,
They would like flrangersgrw themTclves. Donne.

I would gladiv go,
To greet my Pallas with luth naws below. Dryden.

2. lo addrefs in whatever manner.

My noble partner
Voupett with prefent grace, and great prtdiflion;
To me )-ou fpeak not. Shaitff. Macbeth.

Now, Thomas Mowbray, do I turn to thee.
And mark my gutting wtU j for what 1 fpeak.
My body (hall make good. Siair/fi. Rkbard 1 1.

3. To falute in kindnefs or refpeft.

My Lord, the Mayor of London comes to greet you.
—Cod blefs your grace with health and happy days.
. . Shakejp.

Now the herald lark
Left his ground ncft, high tow'ring to delcry
The looro's appro«h, and greet her with his fong.

r\ u J , , Miltilt.

Unce had the early matrons run
ToFr«/ herof alovely fon. Milton.

Ilie fca's Our own: and now all n»\ar\% greet.
With bending fails, each velftl of our fleet. IValUr

Thus pale ihcy meet, iheir eyes with fury burn ■
None^c«/j; for i;one tht greeting will return;
But in dumb furli.iefs, each arm'd with care.
His foe proleH, as brotjier ol the war. Dryden.

4. To congratulate.

His lady, feeing jll that channel from far,
Apptoachl in hafte to greet his viflorie. Sfen/er

5. To pay compliments at a diftance.

Theking'sa-bed,
And rent great largefs to your officers ;
T hi» diamond he ^rrett your wile withal
By the name of moft kind ho(»ef,. Siai,/. MaeietA

6. To meet, as thofe do who go to pay con-
gratulations. Not much in ufe.

V'our hafte
Is now- urg'd on you.
-—We wiii greet the lime. Shahe/p. Khig Lear.

To Greet. i'. ». To meet and falute.

There ^r«,' in filence, as the dead are wont.
And fleep in peace. Suatefp.

Such was that lace on which I dwelt with joy.
Ere Greece alTcmblcd llemm'd the tides to Troyj
But parting then for that detefted (hore.
Our eyes, unhappy! mwt greeted moM. Pope

Gre'eter. n.f. [from the verb.] He who
greets.

GR£'iiTi\G. n.f. [from^wr.] Salutation
at meeting, or compliments at a diftance.

1 from him
Give you M greetings, that a king, as friend.
Can fend his brother. Sbakejp. mnter'i Tale.

Greeze. n.f. [Otherwife written ^wff.
See Greece, or Grieze, or Grice;
from degrees.] A flight of fteps ; a ftep.

Gre'gal. otlj. [grex.gregis, Lat.J Belong-
ing to a flock. jT)/^,

Greca'rious. ailj. [gregarius, Latin.]
Going in flocks or herds, like Iheep or
prtridges.
No birdsofprey iitgregarlnus. Rjy,n the Creation.

Gremial. W/. \gremium, Latin.] Per-
taining to the lap. Diji,

GRENA'DE. n.f. [from />omum greinatHm,
I^tin.] A little hollow globe 01 ball
of iron, or other metal, about two inches
and a half in diameter, which, being filled
with fine powder, is fet on fire by means
of a fmall fufee faftcncd to the touch-
hole; as foon as it is kindled, the cafe
flies into m.iny fliatters, much to the da-
mage of all that ftaud near. Httrris.

Gre'nadier. n f. [grenadier, French, from
grenadt.] A tall foot-foldier, of whom
there is one company in every regiment :
fuch men being employed to throw gre-
nades.

Peace allays the (hepherd's fear
Of wean ng cap of grenadier. Gay's PjBorals

Grena'do. »./. See Grenade.

Yet to esprefs a Scot, to play that prize.
Not all thofe mouth ^<-M</5t can fuffice. Cleaveland

You may as weU try to (juench a flaming ^r^M</o
with a (hell of fair water as hope to fucceed. IVatts

Gre u T. n.f. A kind of foffile body.

A fort of tin ore, with its g>eul.; that is, a con-
gerics of cryftals, or fparks ol Ipar, of the bigncfs of
bayfalt, and of a brown (hining eolour immcrfcd
therein. Gretu', Mufeeum.

Urew. The preterite of _f /-toy.

The pleafing talk he fails not to renew j
Soft and more foft at ev'ry touch it grnu. Dryden.

Grey. adj. [gris, French. More properly
writtcn^ray.] SeeGRAV.

Tins ancient ruffian. Sir, whofe life I fpar'd at
full of \^Mgrey beard. Shakefp. Kirir Lear

Our green youth copies what grey hnners act.
When venerable age commends ihc fa«. Dryden

Greyhound. «. / [xjii^Jjunb. Saxon.]
A tall fleet dog that chafes in fight.

Firrt may a ttuttj greyhound transform himfelf into
•'«"• , ^ , Sidney.

A u !i°" oowns we fee, near Wilton fair,
A haften'd hare from greedy greyheunds go. Sidney

Th' impatient greyhound, ilipt from far.
Bounds o'er the glebe to catch the fearful hare. Dr-id.
Orice. n.f.

1 . A 1 i t tie pig. Goitldman.

2. A ftep OT greeze.
No, not a ^; ice,

This a ftep to love. Shakefp. Ttuelfth Night.

■la Oride. 'V. n. [gridare, Italian. J Tocut;
to make way by cutting. A wprd elegant,
but not in uft.

G R I

His poignant fpea/ he Ihruft wi,h pdlfrant fway,
1 bat througa his thigh the mortal Itecl did gride.

■„ . So fore 'f'^-

The griding fword, with difcontinuous wound,
Pafs'd through him ! MiltonS Paradife Lofl.

Gridelin. adj. A colour mixed of white
and red.

The ladies drefs'd in rich fymars were feen,
01 Florence fatten, flower'd with white and green,
And for a Ihade betwixt the \Aoom^ gridelin. Dryden.

Gri'diron. n.f [grind. Iflandick, a grate,
and iron.'] A portable >grate on which
meat is laid to be broilecl upon the fire.

He had added two b.-rs to the gridiron. SpeEtatof

Grief. «./. [i^tim grieve ; griff, WeMh,

probably from the Englifh.]
I . Sorrow ; trouble for fomething paft.
I will inllrudl my forrows to be proud;
For^i;V/is proud, and makes his owner (lout. .?*«>
Wringing of the hands, knocking the breaft, arc"
but the ceremonies of forrow, the pomp and ortenta-
tion ot an efleminate grief which fpeak not fo much
the greatncfs of the mifery as the fmallnefe of the

""•ll" L r South.

1 he mother was fo affliaed at the lofi of a fine
boy, who was her only fon, that Ihe died hr gtief of
"■ . , Mdifon.

2. Grievance; harm. [Grief, French.] Not
in ufe.

Be fadlious for redrefs of all thtfe griefs,,^
And I will fet this foot of min: as far

As who g'les farthcft. ShaieA.

The king hath fent to know
The nature of your grirf,, md whereupon
You cor.jure from the breaft of civil peace
Such bold hoftility ? S/jaiefp. Henry iV.

3. Pam; difeafe. Obfolete.
Grievance, n.f. [from grief.]

1. A ftate of uneafinefs. Out of ufe.

2. The caufe of uneafinefs. Ufed of fuch.
caufes as are theeffefts of human condudt.

What remedy can be found againft grievances,
but to bring religion into countenance, and encouragt
thofe who, from the hope of future reward, ami
dread of future punilhment, will be moved to juftic©
and integrity i Swift.

ToGRlEVE. t'. a. [^re^er, French ; ^r/Wfr*

Flemilh ; gratis, Latin.]
I. To afflift; to hurt.

For he d«h not afflift willingly, aofrrlri), the
children of men. Ltkeiii.3}.

Forty yean long was I grieied with this genera-
tion. " p.^i
It repented the Lord that he had made man on
the earth, a^d 't grirzed him at his heart. Gen. vi.
Cnev'd at the thonght, he vow'd his whole en-
deavour
Should be to dofe thofe breaches. Rour.

2. To make forrowful.

When one man kills another, thinking that lie
killcth a wild bcaft; if the fcme nun remembreth
afterwards what he hath done, and is not grieved
(ot the ha, in this cafe he hath (inned ; becaufc
his not grieving is otTenfive unto Cod, though the
fadt were merely befidfcs his will. Perkins.

Ti Grieve. ^. „. To be in pain for
fomething part; to mourn; to forrow,
as for the death of friends. It has fome-
times ai and fometimes for before the
caufe of grief : perhaps ^r is proper be-
lore our misfortunes, and for before our
faults.

Do not you grieve at this. Shakefp. Henry IV.

How didU thou grieve then, Adam, to behold
Tn« eiid of all thy offspring end fo lad. Mi/ton.

Wiih equal mind what happens let us bear;
Nor joy nor grieve too much fr things beyond our
^ , ""■ , Dryden.

Grie'vingly, eid-v. [from grietx.] In
fotxow; forrowfully.

OV/o/;>j/(/, 1 think,
5 U » Tlje

.^!

G R I

"Tin pe«ct befw«n tht French «nd m not »»1um I
The coft ihil did conclude it. Sbai. Hinry Vlll. I

GRIE'VOUS. adj. [gra-vis, Latin ; or from
I. Affliaive; painful; hard to be bom.

To the flclh, as the apoftle himfclf gnnleih, all
affliflionis naturally g'-/"'o»/. Hazier.

Correflion is gricvoia unto him that forfalteih
the way, and he that hateth reproof Ihall die.

Prav.xi. 10.
a. Such as caufcs forrow.

To own a great but grinnui truth, though they
quicken and fliarpen the invention, they corrupt the
temper. "}'"■

3. Exprefling a great degree of uneafincfs.

lie durft not difobey, but fent gricvoui com-
plaints to the parliament of the ufage he was forced
to fubmit to. Clanndon,

4. Atrocious ; heavy.

It was ag>/W«KJ fault.
Add gricvoudy hath C«efar anfwer'd it. Sbuh/f.
' Crying fins 1 call thofe, which are fo heinous,

and in their kind l"o grievous, that ihey haften
God's judgments and call down for fpeedy vengeance
upon thefinner. _ Perkint.

5. Sometimes ufed adverbially in low lan-
guage.

He cannot come, my lord ; he's grirvoitj fick.

Sbaif/f.
Grie'vously. eufii. \^fTomgne-v6tts.]
». Painfully ; with nam.

Wide was the wound, and a large lukewarm flood.
Red as the rofe, thence gulhed grinnjujly. Sfnjir.
With difcontent; with ill-will.
Cirittus perceiving how ^r/rvfitt^ the matter was
taken, wiih the danger he was in, began to doubt.

KndUu

3. Calamitoufly; miferably.

I fee how a number of fouls are, for want of right
iaformation, oftentimes grlcvoujly vexed. Hooktr.

4. Vexatioufly; to a great degree of un-
eafmefs.

Houfes built in plains are apt to be grievoujly an-
noyed with mire and dirt. Ray oh iht Crialion.

Grie'vousness. a. /. [from gri(mius.'\

Sorrow ; pain ; calamity.
They fled from the fwords, from the drawn fword

and from the bent bow, and from the grir-voufntji
■ ofwar. V- "'■ >5-

Gii'pnN. "I ». /. [This ihould rather be

Gri'ffON. J written jfr))/o», O^ gryphon;

grypi, y^u^ ; but it is generally written
J griffon.'\ A fabled animal, faid to be
generated between the lion and eagle,
and to have the head and paws of the Hon,
and the wings of the eagle.

Of all bearing among thefc winged creatures, the

tilffn is the moft ancient. Ptacham on Klax,i>ning.

Arifteus, a poet of Proconefus, aliirmed, that

near the one-ejed nuioot grifint defended the mines

of gold. tfrc-tiw.

Grio. »./. [iriike. Bavarian, a little duck.]
1. It feems originally to have fignified ary

thing lielow the natural fize.
3. A fnudl eel.
3. A mcrr>' creature. [Suppofed ^from

Crf(k ; gracKlusfeJU-vus, Latin.]
Hard is her heart as flint or ftonc.

She laughs to fee me pale j
And mciry as a g'ig is grown,

Andbri* as botOe-ale. Suiji.

Ta Grill, -v.n. [grille, a grate, French.]
To broil on a grate or gridiron.

Gri'llade. U.J. [from^»//.] Any thing
broiled on the gridiron.

■<To Gri'lly. t. a. [from grill.] This
word figp.if.es, as it feems, to harafs; to
hurt : as we now fay, n roafi a men, for

U Uii/t kin.

G R I

Tor while we wrangle here and jar,
We are grilUd all at Temple-bar. HuJihrat,

GRIM. adj. [jpimma, Saxon.]

1. Having a countenance of terrour; hor-
rible; hideous; frightful.

The innocent prey in hafte he does forfake.
Which quit from death, yet quakes in every limb,
With change of fear to fee the lion look fo grim.

Sftnfir.
Grim Saturn yet remains,
Bound in tholi gloomy cavet with adamantine chains.

Drayl»ft.
Thou haft a grim appearance, and thy face
Bears a command in't. Shakeff. CorioUnus.

Their dear caufes
Would to the bleeding and the grim alarm
Excite the moriiHcd man. Sbakeff. Macbeth.

What if the breath that kindled \\vAt.grim fires,
Awak'd, (hould blow them into fevenfold rage ?

Expert to turn the fway
Of battle, open when and where to clofe
The ridges of grim war. Miltm's PdraJife Lofi.

He that dares to die.
May laugh at the grim face of law, and fcorn
The cruel wrinkle of a tyrant brow. Devham's Sofby.

Their fwarthy hofts would darken all our plains.
Doubling the native horrour of the war.
And making death more grim. Addijan's Cato.

2. Ugly; ill -looking.
Strait flood up to him

Divine Ulyfles ; who with lookes exceeding grave

and grim,
This better check gave. Cbapman.

GWmvifae'd war had fmooth'd his wrinkl'd front.

Shake/p.

Venus was like her mother; for her father is but

grim. . Sbakefp.

Grima'ce. ». /. [French, from^r/»».]

1. A diftortion of the countenance from
habit, affeftation, or infolence.

He had not fpar'd to ftiew his piques,
Againlt th' haranguer's politicks.
With fmart remarks of leering faces.
And annotations of grimaces ! tjudibras.

The favourable opinion and good word of men
comes oftentimes at a very eafy rate; and by a few
demure looks and afiefled whims, fet off with fome
odd devotional poftures and grimaces, and fuch other
little arts of diflimulation, cunning men will do
wanders. Soutb's Sermons.

The buffoon ape, with grimaces and gambols,
carried it from the whole field. VEftrange.

The French nation is addifted to grimace. Spea.

2. Air of affeftation.
Vice in a vizzard, to avoid grimace.

Allows all freedom, but to fee the face. Granville.
Grima'lkin. 7t. /. [gris, French; grey.
and malkin, or little Mo/A] Grey little
woman ; the name of an old cat.
Grimalkin, to domeftick vermin fworn
An everlarting foe, with watchful eye
Lies nightly brooding o'er a chinky gap,
Protending her fell claws, to thoughSels mice
Sure niin. hbillfs.

Grime. »./. \itom griin.'] Dirt deeply in-
finuated ; fullylng blacknefs not eafily
clean fed.

Swart, like my ihoe, but her face nothing fo
clean kept ; for why ? She fweats: a man may go
over (hoes in x\\z grime a{ it. Sbakefp.

Coilow is the woid by which they denote black
grime of burnt coals or wood. IVoodivard on Foffils.

To Grime, v. a. [from the noun.] To
dirt ; to fully deeply.

My face 1 '11 ^r/me with filth,
Blanket my loins, ell all.my hair in knots.

Sbakeffeare.

Gri'mly. ad-v. [from grim.']
I. Horribly; hideoufly ; terribly.

We've landed in HI time : . \e (kics look grimly.
And threaten prcfer.t bUiftcrs. Sbakefp.

So Pluto, fei7.'d of I'loferpinc, convey'd
To licil's trcmci'/dous ^luom ill' afi'n^htcd maid;

G R I

There grimly fmil'd, pteas'd with Ae tieauteouj

priie
Nor envy'd Jove his funfhine and his Ikies. Adiifn,
2. Sourly ; fullenly.

The augurs
Say they know not; they cannot tell; look, grimly.
And dare not fpeak their knowledge. Sbakeff,

Gri'mness. ». /. ^from grim.} Horror;

frightfulnefs of vifage.
To GRIN, t: n. [jjienman, Saxon; grin-
run, grinden, Dutch, undoubtedly of the
fame origin with To grind, as we now iij
10 grind the teeth ; grincer, French.]

1. To fet the teeth together and withtiratv
the lips either in anger or in mirth.

Death, death ! oh, amiable, lovely deaih 1
Come grin on me, and I will think tliou fmil'ft,

Sbakeff.

What valour were it, when a cur doth grin.
For one to truft his hand between his teeth.
When he might fpum him with his foot away, Sbak .

It was no unpleafant enrertainment to me to Ice
the various methods with which they have attacked
me; fame with piteous moans and outcries, other*
grinning and only Ihewing their teeih. Siillingjlrr!.

A lion's hide he wears;
About his Ihoulders hangs the Ihaggy Ikin ;
The teeth and gaping jaws feverely grin. Dryjen.

They neither could defend, nor can purfue ;
But grinn'd their teeth, and caft a helplefs view.

DryJen'

Madnefs, we fancy, gave an ill-fim'd birth
To grinning laughter, and to frantick mirth. Priir,

Fools grin on fools, and Stoicklike fupport.
Without one figh, the pleafures of a court. Young.

2. To fix the teeth as in anguilh.

I like not futh grinning honour as Sir Walter
hath: give me life, which if I can fave, fo; if nof,
honour comes unlook'd for, and there's an end.

Sbakefp. Henry IV.

Grin. »./ [from the verb.] The aft of
clofing the teeth and (hewing them.

He laughs at him : in's face too.
— O you miftakehim; 'twas an humble jr/«,
The fawning joy of courtiers and of dogs. Dryden.

The mufdes were fo drawn together on each fide
of his face, that he Ihcwed twenty teeth at a grin.

Addifin.

Deifts are eflSifVually beaten in all their combats
at the weapons of men, that is, teafon and argu-
ments; and they would now attack ouc religion
with the talents of a vile animal, that is, gn'n and
grimace. kVatts on the Mind.

\Vhat lords are thofe faluting with a grin *
One is juft out, and one is lately in. Young.

Grin. n.f. [jpyn, JJTene. Saxon.] A
fnarc ; a trap

Like a bride that hafteth to his g'yn, .

Not knowinge the perile. Chaucer.

The grin (hall take him by the heel, and the

robber Ihall prevail againft him. ^ni, xvjii. 9.

T'o GRIND, rv. a. preter. I ground ; part.

pad. ground. [jpini>an, jejj-.unben,

ground, Saxon.]

1. To redyce any thine to powder by fric-
tion ; to comminute oy attrition.

And whofoever fliall fall on this ftone, (ball be
broker. ; but on whomfocver it ftiall fall, it w ill gi ind
him to powder. .> AUir.

He that will have a cake out of the wheat, muft
seeds tarry t\it grinding. Sbak. Tnilus and Crejftda.

What relation or afhnity is there between a mi-
nute body and cogitation, any more tha:i thegreateft ?
Is a fmall drop of rain any -.vifer than the ocean ?
Or do we grind inanimate corn ir.to living and ra-
tional meal ? Benlicfs Sermons,

2. To (harpen or fmooth by rubbing on
fomething hard.

Meeting with lime, flack thing, faid I,
Thy fithc is dull; whet it, for ftiame :

No maivi.1. Sir, he did rejly.
If it at length dcfervc fome blame;
But where one man would hnvt me grind it»
Twenty to one too ftiarp do Uitd ii . Herbert.

\ Again*

G R I

A'ainft a ftump his tu(k ih; monger grhJi.
And in ihc Iharpcn'd edge new vigourtinds. Dryd.

3. To rub one againft another.

So up he let him rife : who with grim looki
■ And coum':wnce llcrn,urlliiuding, 'gan 1.0 grinJ
His grated teeih lorgrcitw.lddin. Spenfer.

Harlh faunds, as of a faw when it is (harpened, and
grinding of one ftone againll another, make a Ihi-
vering or horror in the body, and fct the teeth on
edge. Bdcon*i Nuturui Hijh'y.

That the ftomach in animarsgr/m/x the fubitances {
which it receives, is evident from the diiiciflton of
animals, which have fwojlou'ed metals, which have
been found poliihed ou the fide next the liomach.

Aibulhn(4 on Aiimiftts,

4. To harafs ; to opprefs.

Some merehants and tradefmen, under colour of
furnilhing the color/y with necedaries, may not grind
them fo a&lhall always keep them in poverty.

Bacon*! Advice to I'iUters.

Another way the Spaniards have taken to ^riW,
the Neapolitans, and yet to take o6f the odiom from
themfclves. Addlf^n.

5. In the foilowing .Hoes. I know notwhe-
therit be not corruptly ufed ioi griding,'
cutting.

' Kdt knowing 'twas my labour, I complain
Offudden Ihoolings, ani of grinding pains.
My throws came thicker, aod my cries cccreas'd.

Drydepi

ToGrind. 1/. ». ' ■

1 . To perform the afl of grinding ; to
move a mill.

Fetter'd they fend thee
Into the common prifon, there to grind
Among the llavcs and alics. MiitonU Agonijies,

2; To be moved as in the aft of grinding.

Shrinking fmews ftart,
Aodfmeary foam works o'er my grinjiftgjiw^,

Roxue,

Gkf'nder. n./. [from grinJ.]

1. One that grinds ; one that works in a
miU.

2. The inftruraent of grinding.

His heart afolid rock, to fear unknown.
And harder than l\it grinder's nether llonc. Sandys.

Now exhort
Thy hinds toczeiclfe the pointed fteel
On the hard rock, and give a wheely form
To the eipeflcd ^rM</fr. P bill ft.

3. [gT'nb toSaf.] The back teeth ; the
double teeth.

The teeth are in men of three kinds : (harp, as
the foreteeth ; broad, a^ the back -teeth, which wc
call the molar-teeth, or grinders; and painted teeth,
or canine, which arc between both, Bacan.

He the raging lioncfs confounds,
The roaring lion with his javelin wounds;
Scatters their whelps, their gi-W^ri breaks ; fo they
With the old hunter Darve lor want of prey. Sandys.

The jjw-teeth, 01 grinders, in Latin molares, ate
made flat and broad a-top, and withal fomewhit
uneven and rugged, that, by their knobs jnJ liitic
cavities, they may the better retain, grind, and
tommis the aliments. Ray on the Crtaiiin.

'■ Nature is at a great deal of labour to traiifmute
vegetable into animal fubftances j therefore herb-
eatin* aninuls *hich do tiot ruminate, have ilroag
{WW«ri and chew much. AriiaiSnut,

4. The teeth, in irony or contempt. j ■

One, vvl^o at the fight of fupperopen'd wi^e I
His^wtVefoiie, and whetted ^/Wtri try'd. V^'d.

£ofh he brought s . r

He mouth'd them, and betwim his grinden' csm\\
•^'''•' llfyden.

»"Gri n»le»tome. 1 n. f. [from ^r/W and

-'■Gri'nl-stone. j 7?««. j The (lone on

■ whith edged inftrumcuts are (harfiened.

Such a lijht and mcttalt'd dance

Saw you never yet 111 Franco ;
And by ;!it ieaitrmen, for ihc nonce, '■

That tui.T It. ir.d like grindlejiones, Ben J^nfdfi.
' : grindJlont\u!biSfta the coulters,
uutural faculties. llammorU,

I

L
and '

G ft i

Smiths that make hinges brighten them, yet feU
dom hie them ; but grind them on a grinJjione 'till
bright. Moxon.

Gri'nner. «.yl [from^n'«.] He that grins.

Thi fri|htful*ft^Ww«cr
Be the winner. Addifon's Sfeetator.

Gri'nninglt. ad-j. [from grin.^ With

a grirming laugh.
Grip.»./. Afinallditch. Ainf-oorth.

To GRIPE, a/, a. [gra/,a». Ciothicic ;

jpippri, Saxon ; gnj/en, Dutch j grij>j>,

bcottifti.]
t . To hold with the lingers clof^d ; to

grafp ; to prefs with the fingersi. 1

He that fpeaks doth gripe the heaterV WVi(V, '

WhiUt he that hears makes fearful adibh
With wrinkl'd brows. Sbakejp. King John.

2. To hold hard.

He fciz'd the Ihining bough with griping hold.
And rent away with eafe the ling'ring gold. Dryd.

3. [Giipper, French J To eaten eagerly ;
to feize.

You took occifion to hi ijuickly woo'd,
To grip: the gen'ral fway into your hands. Sbak.

4. Ibclofc; to clutch.

Unlucky Welfted ! thy unfeeling mailer,
The more thou ticklell, gripes his hand the fafter.

Pope.

5. To pitch ; to prefs ; to fqueeze.

A wond'ious way it for this lady wrought.
From lion's claws to pluck the griped prey. Speiifer.

Andhrlt the dame came rulhing thro' the wooJ ; ^

And nest the faniilh'd hounds that fought ihckr )

food, K

Aiidipif'di.tc flatUcsi and oft eflay'd their jaws |

in blood. )

Dryden's Fables,

6. To give a pain in the bowels.

Thus full of cojnfel to the den (he went,
Crip'd all the way, and longing for a vent. Dryden.

To Gripe, 'v. n.

1 . To feel the colick, to have the belly-ach.

Many people would, with reafon, prefer the grip-
ing of an hungry belly to thofe dilhes which are a
Icatt to others. L'jtke.

Manna, by the bulk, fignre, texture, and motion
of its parts, has a power to produce the lenfalions of
fickncfs, and fomctimcs of acute pains oi^r/^/Vi^^ in
us. L'.cke_

2. To pinch ; to catch at money meanly.

His mean revenue, by being Icattcred, in the
wortt of jtjmcs growing upon; him, when others ih.it
had great ones, by griping, made them lefs, and
grew Itark beggars. fe/i.

GRiPE.'ff./. [from the verb.]

I . Grafp ; hold ; feizure of the hand or paw.

Therefore rtill on high 1

He over him did hold his cruel cjaw
Threat'niog with greedy ^r/^r to do UUni.jj.^nfi

They put a barren (cepite fp my gripe, j ;
Thence to be wrench'd with aauulineal iiknc.Sia,

Should I . ;■.,.,

Slaver with iips, as common as the (lairs
. ■ That mount the Capitol ; ^o'mgripcs with hands
1 Made hard wTth hourly lallhood as with labour. I
I x • . '.'■'■ 1 1 ■ Shak^peare.

. He gave me'fiis hanJ, - •
And, with .1 fe5ble^'''7>-'i fiys,dear, my lori},'
'''Comm.ind my fervlce. Ulijkejp. Henry V;

Liiell r and wiil, mv svcijjiit the helm coalUain'jl,
' \ya»4i;aWQ j; _tt' a^l pifitc\,iin'i. I

54111
Fit •

^ et'my £>v'jw reiiln'd.

'liry^en;^.
•" •■.' ' ' ■■ i
.n'*al'otic«'He' Sriili'd the

'Tis true, the hard- 'i'ls the gripe.

And the cold lips rtti npc. Dryde^i,

3. Opprcffion ; crulhin'g power.

T t ■':> r:iv ^.uif?
Out of ■ wi give \i ■ I

Toaii. ly mafter, Shafi.

4.. Afflittiuii ; Y'nching diltfcfs,
Adam, ut the nbwt

G R I

He>rt-(truckwith chilling gripe of forrow Aood,

That all his fenfes bound ! Mi/irfrs Paradi/e Lo/?.
Can'ft thou bear cold and hunger? Can thele iimbs,
Fram'd for the tender offices of love.
Endure the bilter£i//)« of fmarting poverty? Ottvay,
5. [In tlie plural.] Belly-ach : colick.

In the jaundice the cholcr is wanting ; and the
iderical have a great fournefs and gripes, with
windinefs. Flayer,

Gri'per. ». /. \irom gripe. 1 Oppreffor ;
ufurer ; extortioner.

Others pretend zeal, and yet are profelTed ufurers,
grifers, monlters of men. and harpies. Burton.

Gri'pingly. fli/t;, [from ^r/^»«j'.] With
pain in the guts.

Clyilers help, led the medicine Hop in the guts,
and woii. gripingly. Bacon's Natural Hijiory,

G R I'p L E . a./. A greedy fnatcher ; a grip-
ing mifer. Spen/er.

Grisa'mber. ». f. Ufed by Miltcn for
arabergrife. , ' ~

Bealis of chafe, or iWwl of g^e, ■^

Inpaftry built, or from the fpit, orboil'd,
Grifamber fteam'd. Milton's Paradife Regair^ed.

Grise. n.f. [See Greece, as it Ihould be
be written.] A ftep, or fcale of fteps.

Let me fpcak like ourfelf; and lay a fentence.
Which, as igrifeoT ftep, may help thefe lovers
Into your favour. Si^akejpeare' s Othelh.

Gri'skin. »./. [gri/gin, roaft meat, Itifti.j

1 he vertebra of a hog broiled.
Gri'sly. adj. [jjuj-lu, Saxon.] Dreadful ;.
horrible ; hideous ; frightful 5 terrible.

Hls^r^ locks, long growen and unbound,
Dil'ordered hung about his (houldets round. Spenfer,.

Where 1 was wont to feek the honey bee,
'V\\egrijly toadllool grown there might 1 fee. Spenf.

My grijjy countenance made others fly ;
Nod; durit come near, for fear of fudden death. I

Shakefp. H.Vl.

Back (lep'd thoC; two fair angels, half amaz'd
So fudden to behold t\KgriJly king ;
Yet thus, unmov'd wiiii tear, accult him foon. Milt,

For that damn'd magician, let him be girt
With all ihtgri/ly legions that troop
Under the footy flag of Acheron. Miltont

The baouteous form of tight.
Is chang'd, and war appears a gri/ly light. Drydtn,

Invifion thou llialt fee his ^rZ/Ty face,
The king of terrors raging in thy race. Dryd, Inno,-

'fhus the grijly fpeiftre fpoke »j;aii>. Diyden,

Clofe by eacli other laid, they prefs'd the ground,.
Their manly bofoms pietc'd with many a griejly
wound. . , Dryd

Sj rulhes on his foe the grijly bear. Addijon.

Grist. «./. [snip^, Saxon.]

1. Corn to be ground.

Get grifi to tlie mill to have plenty in (lore,
Le(l miller lack water. TuJ/er's llu/bandrj,

■ Almighty trade this lutly millerdrove ;
f .: ^uch gri^ from Cambridge to his lot did fall.
And all the corn they us'datfcholar's hall.

■ Miller o/Tromp,

2. Supply; provifion.

Matteras wife logicians fay,.
Cannot without a form fubfiik ;
^ And form, fay I, as well as they,
' Muft fail, if nutter brings no gr//?. Sw:/;,

3. GRisy to Mill, is profit; gain.

the Computation of degrees, in all matrimonial
caufes, is wont to be made according to the rules of.
that law, bccaufc it brings grJ/i to the mill, Aylijf'e.

GRIS'TLE. n.f. [srur^l*-] Saxon.] A
cartilage ; a part of the body next in
hardnefs to a bone.

No living creaturess. that have (hells very hard,
as oyllers, cr»bs, lobfters, and ^fpeciall) tha tortoife,
have bones within them, but only litilc :»/-//!/i'j.

, Bacon's Natural Hijlory,.

, . JUcftth^ afperity or hardnefs of cartiliges (hould
hurt the trfdphagus or gullet;, v/hich is t-nder and.
ofalkmny fubltance, or hinder the fwaUowiiig of
our mear, therefore the annuhry gnjiles .if the-
windpipe, are n«l nude lound, oi.iuuri. tirdes j but

wheit

where the gullet louchn the winilpipe, there, to fill
up the circle it only a foft membrane, which may
caGly give way ta the dilatation of tUc gullet. Ray.

Gri'stlv. ai/j. [from gri/}/e.] Cartilagi-
nous; made of griftle.

At laft theyfpit out pieces of their lungs ; it may
be imM irifl/j bits, that are eaten off tram tlie
lung'pipes. HarV'y.

She has made the back-bone of feveral vertebrae,
M being more fit to bend, more tough, and lefs in
danger of brealcin;, than if they wen all one iatire
bone without thefegi-//?/)ijuntlures. Mire.

Fins are made of griji/y fpolces, or rays conoe<3ed
by membranes ; fo that they may be conCrafled or
extended like women's fans. Baj'-

They have a louder and ftronger note than other
birds of the fame bigncfs, which have only a ?'y?/y
windpipe. Grnu.

Each pipedift!«guilhMby its^rZ/^/yrings,
To cherilh life aerial pafture brings. Blaeknun,

GRIT. «,/. [jnyzra, gtcoz, Saxon.]

1 . The coarle part of meal.

2. Oats hulked, or coarfely ground.

3. Sand ; rough hard particles.

Silefian bole, crackling a little betwixt the teeth,
yet without the lead paiticle of grit, feels as fmooth
as foap. Grnu.

The fturdy pear-tree here
Will rife luxuriant, and with toughelt root
Pierce the obltrufling grii and rellivc marie, P&ilifs.

4. Grits are foflils found in minute mafles,
forming together a kind of powder ;
the feveral particles of which are of no
determinate (hape, but feem the rudely
broken fragments of larger maffes ; not
to be diflolved or difunited by water,
but retaining their figure, and not co-
hering into a mafs. One fort is a fine,
dull looking, grey grit, which, if wet-
ted with fait water, into mortar or pafte,
dries almoft immediately, and coalefces
into a hard ftony mafs, fuch as is not
eafily afterwards difunited by water. This
is the Jiuhit peteolanus of the ancients,
mixed among their cements ufed in build-
ings funk into the fea ; and in France
and Italy an ingredient in their harder
plaifters, under the name of poxaolane.
It -is common on the fides of hills in
Italy, Another fpecies, which is acoarfe,
lieautifully green, dull grit, is the chry-
focollo of the ancients, which they ufed
in folderine gold, long fuppofed a loft
foflil. It ferves the purpofe of folder-
ing metals better than borax. The fer-
rugineous black glittering grit, is the
black fhining fand employed to throtv
over writing, found on the fhores of
Italy. Hill en Fofil,.

Gri'ttiness, ff. /. \Uom gritty/\ Sandi-
nefs ; the quality of abounding in grit.

In fuUer's-earih he could And no fand by thftmi-
erofcopc, nor any grittinefi. Murtimer^s tiuJJ^andry.

Gri'ttv. adj. [from^r/V.] Full of ha^d
particles ; confifting of grit.

1 could not difccrn the unevennefs of the furface
of the powder, nor the little Ihadows let fall from the
%rilly particles thereof. Nrvron.

Gri'zelin. adj. [more properly griddin.
See Grid EI. IN.]

The Burgundy, which is grimlin or pale red, of

all others, is furefl to ripen in our climate. Temple.

GRl'ZZLE. IT, /. [from gris, pray ; gri-

Jaillt, French.] A mixture of whitc^ and

black ; gray. !'•

O thou diffcmhling cub ! what wilt thou be,
Vi'heatimchvhfow'd a^r/sx/<'o[\ thy tate, Sb.xk.

G R O ^

Grizzled, ndj. [from jn'sa/f.] Inter-
fperfed with gray.

To the boy Czhr, fend Ma^rixxled head, Shak.
i lis beard was grixxleJ : np,
— It was as I have fcen it in bis life, Stakeff. Ham.

His hair juft{n'sa/ri/,
A» in green old age. Drydcn tmJ Lee's Oedipus.

Thjfe ^'/*«/e5 locks, which nature did provide
lu plenteous growth their aflcs ears to hide. Dryd.

G&i'zzLX, adj. [from gris, gray, French.]
Somewhat gray.

Living creatures generally do change their, hair
with aee, turned to be gray and white ^ .as is fccii in
men, though tome earlier, fome later ; iu horfes that
are dappled and turn white ; and in old fijuirreU that
turn gf ix^x/y. ' Bacon,

Ti GROAN. V. tt. [jpanan. Saxon ; grmen,
Dutch.] To breathe witli a hoarie noife,
as in pam or agony.

Many an heir
Of thefe fair edifices, for my wars,
Have I heard grotsn and drop. Sbakefp. Z:i'iolanu%.
Men groan from out of the city, and the foul of
the wounded crieth out. y»i. xiyv. ii.

Repenting nudgraaning for anguilh of fpiilt.

lyi/d. v, 3.
So (hall the world go on,
Togood malignant, to bad men benign,
Under her own weight groaning. Milt. Par. Lcjl
Nothing can fo peculiarly gratify the noble difpo-
fitions of humanity, as for one man to fee another fo
much hirafelfas to figh his griefs and groan his
pains. South.

On the blazing pile his parent lay,'
Or a lov'd brother groan'd his life away. Pope's Od.

Groan, »./. [from the verb,]

1. Breath expired with noife and difficulty,
from pain, faintnefs or wearinefs.

Al.as poor country.
Where fighs and groans, and fhrieks that rend the air,
Aie made, not mark'd > Shakefp. Macbeth.

I led to (laughter, and to (laughter leave ;
And ev'n from hence their dying ^oa'^r receive.

Dryitn,

Hence aching bofoms wear a vifage gay, |

And ftirted groans frequent the ball and play. Toungi

2. Any hoarfe dead found.

Such Iheets of fire, fuch hurfts of horrid thunder.
Such groans of roaring wind and rain, 1 never
Remember to have heard, Sbakrfpeare's King hear.
Gro'.aNFUL, <7(^'. \groan 2.x\A full.\ Sad;
agonizing. Not ufed.

Adown he keft it with fo puilTant wrcft,
Tliat back again it did aloft rebound.
And gave againit his mother earth i groanful found.

Spei^fi-r.

Groat. «,/. [groot, Dutch; grojjb, Italian,]

1. A piece valued at four -pence.

2. A proverbial name for a fmall fum.

My mother was wont
To call them woollen valfals, things created
To buy and fell with groats. Sbakefp. Coriolanut.

I dare lay a groat,
A tertian ague is atleallyour lot. Drydeti's Failcs.
Imagine a perfon of quality to marry a woman
much his inferior, and without a groat toiler fortune.

Sv.i/i.

3. Groats. Oats that have the hulls taken

off. Ainfivorth.

GRO'CER; w./. [This Hiould be written

• grojjer, from gro/s, a large quantity; a

"gricer originally being one who deait by

wholefaie ; or from grojns, a fig, which

their prefenf ftatc feems to favour.] '

A grocer is a man who buys and fells tea, fugar,
and plumbs and (pices forgain. .H'atts'sLAgick.

But dill the olnpring of your brain (hall prove .
The grocer's care, and brave the r.ige of Jove. Gjr/fc.

Gro'cery. «. /, [from grocer.'\ Grocers
wave, fuch as tca^ fugar; naifins ; fpice.

His troops being now in a country where tlKy weie ■
not expedled, met with many cart loads of wint,'
grocery, and tobacco, Oimdihti

G R O

Gro'oERAM. ^ »,/, [^rt;;, ^rtj;>, French 5
Gro'gkam. > groffograttus, low Latin.
Gro'cran. J .i^/*/w5»7Zi.-]Stuff woven
with large woof and a rough pile.

Certci they're neatly cloth'd ; i ot thiimind ua.
Your only wearing is yourgrogeram. Dottne,

Natolia aSbrds great (lore of chamelot) and gri.
grain. Sandys,

Some men will fay this habit of John's was nei-
ther ofcSmers (kin nor any coaife textuieof its hjir,
but rather fome liner weave of cantelot, grogram, or
the like. Brenvn.

The natural fv.'ectnefs and innocence of her beha-
viour (hot mc through and through, and did n>ore
excution upon me in gt:>gr;im than the grcatill beau-
ty in town had ever done in brocade. ■ Addijin.

Plaingoody would nolonger down j
'Twas madain in her^c^rjM gown. Svsift,

Groin. ».y; [Of uncertain derivation.]
The part next the tliigh.

Aniiplcus, a fonne of Priam, threw
Hij lance at Ajat through the ptealTe, which went by

him, and Bew
On Leiicus, wife tilylTes' friend : Hi(^«i«isfinaCt,

The fatal dart arrives, ^

And through the border of his buckler drives ;
X'afs'd through and pierc'd his gnin ; the deadly

wound
Caftfromhischariof,roll'dhimon the ground. Dryd.
Gro'mwell. »,/! [^litbo/per/ttiim, Latin.]
Gromill orgraymill. A plant. Miller,
Groom, ff. /. [grar.m, Dutch i]

1. A boy; a waiter ; a fcrvant.

Then called (he a graom, that foiih liim led
Into a goodly lodge, Spenfer.

From Egypt's kings ambalTadours they come ;
I'hem many a fquire attends, and many tgroom. '

Fairfax,

Think then, my foul ! that death is but a gro'^rn
Which brings a taper to the outward room. Donne,

In the time of Edward VI. lived Sternhold,
whom King Henry his lather had made groom of
his chamber, for turning of certain of David's pfalms
into vcrfe. Peacbam,

Would 'ft thou be touch'd
By the prefuming hands of faucy grooms. Drydcn,

Amid' the fold he rages, nor the (heep
Their (hepheids, nor the^raun.1 their bulls can keep.

Dryden,

2. A young man.

1 prefume for to intreat this gram
And filly maid, from d.mgcr to redeem, Fairfax,

3. A man newly married.

By this the brides are wak'd, their grooms are
drefs'd ;
All Rhodes is fummon'd to the nuptial feaA. Dryd,

Groove, n.'f [horn grave. '\

1. A deep cavern, or hollow in mines.

He might, to avoid idlenefs work in i gromv ert
mine-pit tberc-abouts, which at that time was little
cdeemcd. . Boyle,

2. A channel or hollow cut with a tool.

The fcrew-plate is a kind of Itecl well tempered,
with feveral holes in it, each lefs than other; and
in thofe holes are threads grooved inwards, which
grooves fit the refpeilive taps that belong to them.

Moxon'i Alccb. Exer,

To GR6b*-E. f. a. [from the noun.] To
cut hollow.

Of the box every joint was vnWgroov.d, Svift.

To GROPE, V, ft. [?;papan, Saxon.] To

feel where one cannot fee.
' My fea-gown fcarf about me, in the dark
' Grop'd 1 to find out them. Sbakefpeare' s [Hamlet,
We grope ljr the tirall like the blind, and we
grtpr, .rs if wc had no eyes. Ifa. lix. 10.

Jliey meet with daiknefs in the cleared light j
And groj>e itnoon, asif involv'd with night. Sandys.
A boy was growing for eels, and laid his hand on
upon a fnake. I-' EJhange.

^ This, Ao doubt, is better for men than that they
(houid in the dark grope after knowledge ; as St.
Paul tells lis all h«iOns did after God, Locke.

■ ■ ■ He

o ^ .

G R O

He heird us in our courfe.
And with his outftretch'd arms around him grcp'd.

Adiijoit.
O truth divine ! enlighteny by thy ray,
1 gropr and guefs no more, but fee my way.

Arhuthnot.
Ti Grcpe. f. a. To fearch by feeling in
the dark ; to feci' without being able to
iee.

How Ti;i!ant to g^'^f' mens thoaghls, and to
sick, cue fomewhat wheieof they might complain.

kiuyvjard.

They have left our endeavours to gropt them out

Cy twilight, and by darkncl's almoU to difcover that,

whofe eiiftence is evidenced by light. Brtrwn.

But Strephon, cautious, never meant
Th- bottom of the pan to g>3^f. Sviifi.

Gro'peR. ». /. [from gn>pe,'\ One that

fearches in the dark.
ifeOSS. adj. [groj, French; gro//i, Italian;

craj/lir, Lat.J
1. Ihick; bulky.

The crows and choughs, that whig the midway«ir,.

Shew fcarce fo gi-o/s as bcetlet. Siui. King Liai .

There are two grofs volume* concerning the power

•f popes. Bacon,

2.. sKamefbl'; nnfecmly; enortnoo*.

He ripely cooGdered how g'ofi a thing it were
for men of his quaiit)', wife and grave men, to live
with fuch a multitude, and to be tenanu at will
under them. Hotkrr.

They can Qly that in dofliine, in difcipline, in
prayers and in facraments, the chuich of Rome
hath very foul and g^'Ji corruptions. H^krr.

So far hath the natur^ underAaading, even of
fnndry whole nations, been darkened, that they
have noc dilixraed, no, not gio/i iniquity to be (in.

Mocker,

There is a vain and imprudent ufe of their cHatcs,

which, though it does not delhoy like gmf! fins,

yet diforJers the heart, and fupportt it in fenfualiiy

arul dulnels. Lirw.

3-. Intelleftaally coarfe ; palpable; impure;

unrefined.

To all fenfe 'tis gr'y/i
You love nxy Ton ; invention is afham'd,
Againll the proclamation of thy palliun.
To fay thou do'll not. Shakeff,

Examples grofi u earth exhort mc. Shaieff^

Belial came tall, than whom a fpirit more lewd
Fell not from heaven, or more pru/i to love
Vice for iifclf. Mtlion*t Paradife Lfjfl.

It not religion fo perfe^ly good in itfclf, above all,
in its authour, that, without the gfojfeji fenfuality,
we cannot but admire it? Hfrait,

It is a grofi miltake of fome men, to tluDk that
out want only and imperfections do naturally iAduce
us 10 be benehcenr, Smatridge,

But (he dares never boaft the prcfent hour,
Sogrojs the cheat, it is beyond herpow'r. Tourg.

4. Inelegant; difproportionare in bulk.

The fun's opprelTive ray, the rofeate bloom
Of beauty blading, gives the gloomy hue,
And feature grofi, Tbompjn*t Summer.

5. Denfe ; not refined ; not attenuated ;
not pure.

It is manifeft, that when the eye (hndeth in the
finer medium, and the oljciS is in the grtffer,
things (hew greater, but contrariwife, when the eye
is placed in the grcffir medium, and the objedl in
the finer. Bason'a Natural Hijlory.

Of elements.
The grojfrr feeds the purer; earth the fea.
Earth anJ the fea feed air. MHioti'i Par. L',ft.

Light fumes are merry, grojer fumes are fad ;
Rjth are the re.ifonable foul run mad. Dryd. I'athi.

Or fuck the mills in grojfer air below,
Or dip their pinions in the painted bow. Popt.

6. Stupid ; dull.

If (he doth rhen the fub«il« fenfe excel,
^^6mgroft are they that drown her in her blood f

Dav'tet.

And in clear dream and folemn vilion.
Tell her of llnnps that no grofi ear can hear. Millar.

Some me 1 give more light and knowledge by the

gl?

bare lUting of the queftion with perfpicui'.y and
juiWicfs, than others by talking of it in grofi confu-
lion for whole hours together. iVatts,

7. Coarfe; rough ; oppoCte to delicate.

Fine and delicate fculpturcs are helped with near-
nel's, and grcfi with dillanc^. Hinaa'i ArcbiuH.

8. Thick.; fat; bulky.

His nal,uie wai. of juit height and all proportionate
dimenfioQs, avoiding the extremes of grofe and
meagre. Fell.

Gross, n./, [from the adjeftive.]

1. 1 he main body ; the main force.

The Belgians hop'd, that with dilbrder'd hailc
The deep-cut keels upon the fand might run ;

Or, if with caution leifurely we palV,
Their numerous ^av^j might charge us one by one.

Dryden.

Several cafuifh are of opit^ion, that, in a battle,
you (hould difcharge uppu the grofi of the enemy,
without levelling your piece at any particular pcr-
fon. A:idijffJl'i freeholder.

The grofi of the people can have no other prol-
pcft in changes and revolutions than of publick
blcirings. Addifon,

2. The bulk ; the whole not divided into
its feveral parts.

Certain general inducements are ufcd to make
faleable your caufe in gr^'/t. Hooker,

There was in opinion in grofs, that the foul was
immorul. Abbot.

There is confeflion, that is, the acknowledging
our fins to Cod; and this maybe either general or
particular : The general is, when we only confcTs
in grofi that wc are (inful; the particular, when we
mention the feveral forts aud adls of our fins.

Duly of Man'.
Remember, fon.
You are ■» general : other wars require you ;
For fee the Saxon gmf begins (o move Dryden,

Notwitlillanding the decay and lofs of fundry
trades and manulacluies, yet in the g'^ft we ihip
off now one third part more >y' the manufadures, as
alfo lead and tin, tlun we dij twenty years pall.

Child on Trade,

3. Not individual; but a- body together.

He hath ribbons of all the colours i' th' rainbow ;
they come to him by the grofi. Sbakejp,

1 cannot inftantly raife up the groft
Of full thret iJicufaiid ducats. Shakefp.

Yo« fee the united delign of many perfors to make
up one figure : after they have feparated themfelves
in many petty diviiions, tliey rejoin one by one into
Z grofi, Dryden',

4. ine chief part; the main raafs. '

Comets, .out of qucflion, have likcwifa power and
effeft over the grofi and mafj of things. B.icon,

The articulate founds are more confirfed, thmjgH
tht grofi of the found be greater. Bacon's Nal. Hfl,

5. The number of iwel/c dozen. [GmJJ'e,
French.]

It is made up only of that fimy\t idea of an unite
repeated ; and repetitions of this kind, joined Kige-
thcr, make thofe dillinO fimple modes of a do^cn,
a^r^, and amillion. Lccke,

Gro'sslk. fl/Zt;. [from_f«//.]

1. Bnlkily; in balky parts; coarfclj- : as,
this matter ii grofsly pul-jerixed,

2. Without fubtilty ; without art; with-
out delicacy; without reCnement; coarfe-
ly ; palpably.

Such kind of ccrcmanics as have been (o grofs. ^
and (hamefuUy abufed in the church of Rome, w here
they remain, are fcandaloui. Iboker.

Treafon and murder ever kept together.
As two yoke devils fworn to other's purpofe.
Working fo grrfily in a natural caufe,
That admiration did not whoop at them. Shakefp,

And thine eye.
See it fo grvfily (hown in thy behaviour,
That in their kind they fpeak it. Shakefp.

What I arc we cuckolds ere we have deferv'd it >
— Speak not(ogru/ily. Sbak. Merebafft of Venice,

What 1 have laid has been forced from me, by
feeing a iSoble fort cf poetry fo luppily rcltoicd by

i^ R O

one man, and fo grofsly copied by almoft all the
left. Dryden.

If I fpeak of light and rays as endued with co-
lours, 1 would be underilood to fpeak not philofo-
phically and properly, but grofsly-, and according to
fuch conceptions as vulgar people would be apt to
frame. Ne'jiton's Ofticks.

While it is fo difficult to learn the fprings and
motives of fome fafts, it is lo wonder they fhould
be fo grofsly mifrcprefentcd to the publick by cu.
nous inquilitive heads. Swift,

Gro'ssness. n,f, [from^nj/f.]

1. Coarfenefs ; not fubtilty; thicknefs;
fpiflitude ; denfity ; greatnefs of parts.

The purpofe is perfpicuous even as fubflance,
Whofe grojfnefi little charailers fum up. Shakefp.

And 1 will purge that mortal grojfnefs fo.
That thou Ihalt like an airy fpirit go. Shakefp.

The caufe of the epilcpfy from the llomach is ihe

■ gi''>{f'"fi of the vapours which rife and enter into the

cells 01 the brain. Bac9tu

Then all this axihy gr off nefs quit ;
Attir'd with ftars we ihall lor ever fit.
Triumphing over death. Milton.

This being the firft colour which vapours begin
to reflefl, it ought to be the coUur of the hnell und
motl tranfparent Ikies, in which the vapours are not
arrived to that ^ro^iyi rcijuifite to refteil other co-
lours. • Ne%vloa'i Oplicks,

For enry'd wit, like Sol eclips'd, makes known
Th' oppoiing body's gr^ffnefs, not its own. Pope,

2. Inelegant fatnefs; unwieldy corpulence.

Wife men, that be over-fat and flefhy, go to fo-
journ abroad at the temperate diet of fome fobcr
man; and fo, by little and little, cat away the
grojfnefs that Is in them. Afcham.

3. Want of refinement; want of delicacy;
intelleflual coarfenefs.

I was three or lour times in the thought they
were not fairies; and yet the guiltioefs of my mind
drove the grojfnef: of the foppery into a received
belief that they were fairies. Shakefp.

Whatever beauties it may want, 'tis free at Icalt ■
from the grofjnefi of thofe fiults I mentioned. Dryd,

What a grojfnefs is there in the mind of that
man, whe thinks to reach a lady's heart by wounding
her ears ! Clarljfa,

Grot. «./. \^rotte, French ; groUa, Italian.]
Acave; a cavern for coolnefs and pleafure.

Jn the rcmoteft wood and lonely ^ror.
Certain to me t tliat wortl of evils, thought. Prior,
.^wful to fee the Egerian grot. Pope,

Grote'scjue. rt<//. \_grotcfque , French; grot-
f^fo, Italian ] Dittcrted of figure; un-
natural ; wildly formed.

The diampaign head
Of a deep wiidernefs, whofe hairy fides'
With thicket overgrown, grutefque and wild,'
Actefsdeny'd. Milton's Paradife Lojl.

There is yet a lower fort of pnelry and painting, .
which is out of nature; for a farce is that in poetry
which grottfijue is in a piiSuie: the perfons and
aClions of a J.irce are all unnatural, and the man-
ners falfe, that is, inconfifting with the charaiSersof
mankind: groiefi/ue fi\Mia%\> the juft refemblance
of this. Dryden.

J\n hideous figure of their foes theydrew.
Nor lines, nor look?, nor (hades, nor colours true.
And this ^rW(yj*c delign expos'd to publick \

Dryden,-

Palladi.in walls, Venetian doors,
Grotej'co roofs, and ftucco floors. Prjpe.

Gro'tto. n, /, [grolfi; French; groUa,
Italian.] A cavern or cave made for cool-
nefs. It is not ufed properly of a daric
horrid cavern.

Their carelefs chiefs to the cool grolles run,
Thetiow'rs of kings, to Ihade them from the fun.

Dryden,

This was found at the entry of tht grotto 111 the

Peak. IVoodiL-a'd.

Grove, n.f, ^Jtcixn grtrvf,'\ A walk covered

by trees meeting above.

I look'd toward Birnam, and anoD methought
The wood began to move :

Withift.

G R O

Wrthin ihU three mile you tn»y fee U comini ; I

I f,,, . movinggravf. SB*ktfftar.'i Macbetb. |

FortuMte 6cWs, taig'-'nu,, ...a floWry »a^s;
Thrice happy in« I . A^''""'

She left Uie flow'ry field, ind wivineerwc

Blackmnc.

Banifli'd from courts »nd love.
Abandon -d truth feeksOieher in the^rwf . CramiHe.
Can fierce palliont vex his breaft,
"Whileevcrygaleispeacc, and every PI ««

1. melody? r.V°A'J"7:

7'oGro'vel. -t. «. [^ra/d"^, Illandick, Hat

on the face. It may perhaps come by

gradual corruption from ground fell. ]

• To lie prone; to aeep low on the

9, R O

DryJ.

Milim.

ground.

The fteel-head paffage wrought.
And through hislhoulder piert'dj wherewith to ground
He erovfli«g fell, all gored in his gulbmg wound.
* " Sfenfer.

What fee'ft thou there ? king Henry's diadem,
Inchas'd with all the honours of the world !
If fo, gaze on, and gnvtl on thy face.
Until thy head be circled with the fame. l>bak,Jp.

Oke maft and beech, and Cornell fruit they cale,
Crovelim\i^t fwine on earth, in fowled fort,

" Chafman.

Now they lie j

CriWtlwz and ptoftrate on yon lakt of fire. Milt<in.

Upon thy belly grovilirg thou (halt go. Milion.

Let us then conclude that all painters ought to
require this part of excellence : not to do it, is to
want courage, and not dare to ihew ihemfclves : tis
to creep and grw.V on the ground. Oryaen.

i. To be mean ; to be without dignity or
elevation.

I muft difdaim whate'er he can exprefs ;
Kiiirrnfling fenfe will Ihew my pafllon lels. Dryden.

Several thoughts may be natural wWich are low
and gmtling. Adai/oxU ^tOulcr.

GROUND. »./. [snunb, Saxon ; grondt,
Danifh.] , ^ . „

1. The earth; confidered as fuperficially
extended, and therefore related to tillage,
travel, habitation, or almoft any adion.
The main mafs of terrene matter is never
called the ground. We never diftinguilh
the terraqueous globe into ground and
water, but into earth, or land, and water j
again, we nevex.fay under earth but under

Ifrael '(fell go on dry gremd through the fea.

Ex. iiv. 16.
Man to till the groBwrf
None was, and Itom the earth a dewy mift
Went up, andwater'd all xht ground.

From the other hill
To their fir'd liation, all in bright array.
The cherubim defcended, on the ground
Gliding meteorous.

A black bituminous gurge
Boils up from under ground.

And yet fo nimbly he would bound.
As if he fcorn'd to touch the gr<,und. Hudibras.

2. The earth as diftinguilhed from air or

water. „ ^ j

1 have made man and bead upon the ground.

jfenmidb.

There was a dew upon all the ground. Judg. vi . 40.
Thcyfaim'd their wings, andfoaring th" airlub-

With clang defpis'd the grw«</. Milton

Too late young Turnus the dclufion found ;
Far on the lea, ftill making from the ground. Dryd.

3. Land ; country.
The water breaks its bounds.

And overflows the level groundi. Hudiirai.

A. Region ; territory.

On heavenly grcund they ftood, and from the (hore
They viewM the vaft immcafurablc abyfs. Miiion.

With ihefe came they, who from the bord'ringflood
Of old Euphrates to the brook that parts
Egypt from Syrian ground, had general names
Ot Baalim and Alhtaroth. Miilon'i Parad^/e Uft.
1

Milton.

Milton.
Milton.

5. Eftatc; poffefllon.

Uncafy ftill within thefe narrow bounds.
Thy next defign is on thy neighbours grounds :
llis crop invites, to full perfection grown ;
Thy own fecms thin, bccauie it U thy own,

6. l.and occupied.

The fea 6'erflow'd my ground.
And my beft Flanders marc was drown'd.

7. The floor or level of the place.
Wherefore (hould 1 fmile thee to the ground*

iSam.ii, 11.
Dagoa wa« fallen on his fact to the powtd.

t Sam. V. 4.

A multitude fit on the ground. Matt.iv. 35.

Some part of the m^nth of June, the water of this

lake defcends under ground, through many great

holes at the bottom. Brovin.

8. Dregs; lees; fxces; that which fettles
at the bottom of liquors.

Set by them cyder, verjuice, four drink, or grounds.

' Mortimer.

Some infift upon having had particular fuccefs in

ftopping gangrenes, from the ufe of the grounds of

ftrong beer, mixed up with bread or oatmeal.

Sharp's Surgery.

9. The firft ftratum of paint upon which
the figures are afterwards painted.

Wc lee the limner to begin with a rude draught,
and the painter to lay his jr<i««rfi with darkfoine

When folid bodies, fenfible to the fcelmg and
dark, arc placed on light and tranfparent grounds,
as, for example, the heavens, the clouds and waters
and every other thing which is in motion, and void
of different objeas ; they ought to be more rough,
and more diftinguilhablc, than that with which they
arc cncompafled- DrydcnS Dufrefnoy.

10. The fundamental fubftance; that by
which the additional or accidental parts
arc fupported.

O'er his head
A well-wrought heaven of filk and gold was fprcad.
Azure the ground, the fun in gold Ihone bright. ^

Ccu'ley.

Indeed it was but juft that the fineft lines in

nature (hould be drawn upon the moft durable^/ ox^rf.

Pope.
Then, wrought into the foul, let virtues (hine,
The ground eternal, as the work divine. Young.

11. 'Ihe plain fong ; the tune on which
defcants are raifed.

Get a prayer-book in your hand,
And ftand between two churchmen, g«od my lord ;
For on that ground I'll build a holy defcant. Shak.

12. Firft hint; firft traces of an invention ;
that which gives occafion to the reft.

Though jealoufy of ftate th' invention found,
Yet love refin'd upon a foimer ground;
That way the tyrant had referv'd to fly,
PurfuinR hate, now fcrv'd to bring two lovers nigh.

Dryden

13. The firft principles of knowledge.

The concords will eafily be known, if the fore-
grounds be thoroughly beaten in. Pnf. to Accidence.

Here ftatefmen, or of them they which can read.
May of their occupation find the grounds. Donr.e.

Tht grounds are already laid whereby that isun-
nueftioh-ibly rcfolved; for having granted that God
gives ruflF.cient grace, yet when he co-operates molt
effedTUally, he doth it not irrel.ftibly. Hammond.

After evening repafls, 'till bed-time, their
thoughts will be bell taken uf in the ealy g^-'wds
of religion, and the (lory of fcnpture. MiHon.

14. The fundamental caufe ; the true
reafon; original principle.

Hedefired the fteward to tell l.im particularly
the ground and event of this accident. Sidney.

Making happinel's tht ground of his unhappincfs,
and good news the argument of his forrow. iiJney.

The ufe and benefit of good laws all that live
under them may enjoy with delight and coinfori
albeit the grounds and firft original caufes from
whence they have fpning be unknown. lUoker.

Inthefolutionof the Sjbbatiaer's objeflion, my
method Ihall be, to ex*minc, in the firft place, the

G R O

main pounds and principlei upon which he buildeih.

Thou could'ft not have difcem'd \

Fraud in the ferpenl, fpeakiiig as he fpake, " ^

No ground of enmity between us known. Milton.
Nor did either of them ever think fit to make any-
particular relation of the grounds of their proceed-
ings, or the caufes of their n-.ifadvcntures. Clarendon.
Sound judgement is the grjund of writing well.

Rofctmmon.
Love once given from her, and plac'd in you.
Would leave no ground 1 ever would be true. Oryd.
It is not eafy to imagine how any fuch tradition
could arife fo early, and fpread fo univerfally, if
there were not a real ground for it. IVilkint.

If it be natural, ought we not to conclude that
there is fome ground and reaibn for thefe fears, and
that nature hath not planted them in ufe to no pur-
pofe. ^'''<";

Thus it appears, that fuits in law are not finful
in themfelves, but may lawfully be ufed, if there is
no unlawfulnefs in Hit ground and way of manage-
ment. KettlrtveH.
Upon that prince's death, although the grounds
of our quarrel with France had received no manner
of addition, yet this lord thought fit to alter his

fentiments. rl'^''-^'e

The miraculous increafe of the profelTors of
Cliriftianity, was without any vifible grounds a»d
caufes, and conuary to all human probability and
appearance. Alterbury.

15. The field or place of aftion.

Here was thy end decreed, when thefe meti rofe (
And ev'n wiih theirs this aft thy death did bring,
Or haften'd at the leaft upon this ground. Daniel.

16. The fpace occupied by an army as they
fight ; advance ; or retire.

At length the left wing of the Arcadians bega«
to \o(t ground. Sidney.

Hcartlefsthcy fought, and quit ed loon theirfroKn/,
Whilrt our's with eafy viflory were crown'd. Dryd.

He has loft ground H the latter end of the day,
by purfuing his point too far, like the prince of
Conde at the battle of Seneffe. Dryd. Fables, Pre/.

17. The intervening fpace between the flyet
and purfuer.

Ev'ning mift,
Ris'n from a river, oe'r the marifti glides.
And gathers ground faft at the labourer's heels.
Homeward returning. Milton's Paradife Lojl.

Superiors think it a detraction from their merit
to fee another get ^rsirW upon them, and overtake
them in the purfuiis of glory. Addifon's Spectator.

Even whilll we fpeak our conqueror comes on,
And gathers ^roK/rJ upon us every moment. Addifon.

18. The ftate in which one is with refpeft
to opponents or competitors.

Had 'If thou fway'd as kings Ihould do.
Giving no ground unto the houfc of York,
They never then had fprung. Shaktff. Henry VI.

If they get ground and 'vantage of the king,
Then join you with them like a rib of fteel.
To make them fttongcr. Shake/pear's Henry IV.

He will Hand his ground againll all the attacki
that can be made upon his probity. Aturiury.

Whatever ground we may have gotten upon our
enemies, we have gotten none upon our vices, the
woilf enemies of the two; but are even lubducd
and led captive by the one, while we triumph fo
glorioully over the others. Atterbury.

iQ. State of progrefs orreceflion.

I have known lb many great examples of thii
cure, and heard of its being fo familiar in Auftria,
that I wonder it has gained no more ground in
other places. remple.

The fquirrel is fo perpetually turning the wheel in
herca§e: llie runs apace, and wearies heifelf with
her continual motion : and gets no groxW. DryJtn.
10. '1 he foil to fet a thing off.
Like bright metal on a fullen ground.
My reformation glittering o'er my tault.
Shall ftiew more goodly, and aitraS more -yes.
Than that which bath 00 foil to let it off.

Shake/peart.

To Ground, t. ». [from thcnoun.]
I. To fix on the ground.

2 To

G R p

2. To found, as upon caufe, reafon, or
principle.

Wifdom grounJetb her laws upon an infallibit
rule of comparifon. Iljoifr.

The church of Englr-d, walking in the good and,
old way of the orlhodotal primitive Ulhttifgrmnje:/}
the religious obfervation of tlie Lord's-day, and of
other Chriftian holidays, upon the natural equity,
and not upon the letter of the fourth commandment.

It may fent us to grounJ conjeflures more ap-
proaching to the truth than wt ha?e hitherto met
with. £j>/f.

If your own adions on your will you gfaunJ,
Mine Ikall hereafter knov/ no other hound. Drydtn.

Sime emir.ent fpirit, kavi.ig fignjlued his valour,
becomes to have wfluence on the people, to crow
their leader in warlike expediCi'iuj; , and thij is
grounded upon thcpjincipie's of nature and common
reafon, which, where prudence and courage are
ie(]uired, ra'.her incite us to fly to a fmgle petfon
than a multitude. _ _ i'u/./r.

3, 'I'o fettie in firft principles or ruditnenta
of knowledge.

Being rooted and gr-.unJeJ in bve. Epb. iii. n.

Ground. The pretcriteand part. paff. of
grind.

How dull and rugged, ere 'tis ground
Aoi foiifh'd, looks a diamond. Huditiras.

Ground is much sfcd in compofition for

that which is next the ground, or near

the ground.
Gro'und-ash. »./- A fapiin of a(h taken

from the ground ; not a branch cut from

a tree.

A lance of tough grcund-ajh the Trojan threw.
Rough in the lind, and knotted ai it grew.

Drydtn'i Mn.

Some cut the young afhes off about an inch aio^e
the ground, which caulcs ihem to make very large
ftrai^ht ifcoois, which they call ground-ajh.

Morlimtr's Hujhindry.

Gro'undbait. n. J. [from ground and

- tail.] A bnit made of barley or malt

boiled; which, being thrown into the

place where you defign to anslc, finks to

the bottom, and draws the filn to it.

Take tht d:pih of the jlace where you mean after
to Cifl yoMT gmanj-ialr, and to hlh.

ffjllon't AitgliT.
Ground vloor. ».y. \grnund &nAfl'jor.^

The lower (lory of a'houfe.
Gro'und-IVY. ». /. \hed(ra_ lerrejtris,
Latin.] Alehoof, or tunhoof.

Alehoof or ground ivy is, in my opinion, of the
ir.oll excellent ufe and virtue of any plants among
us. Ttmpt!.

Ground-OaK. »./. [jroiyW and oak.\

If the planring of nak^ virere more in ufe fr-r
underwoods, it woiili fpoil the cooper's trade for
the making of hoop-, eilher'of hafel or alb; bi-
caufe one hoop mad* of th< young ihools of a
gr'yunJ-oai, would cutlall fix of the beit a(h. M'^ri.

Gro UND-riNL. ». /. \cham<sfiiji, Latin. j
A plant.

The w;;o'.e plant has a very fingular fmell, re-

fcmbliog that ot refin; when. e its name grcuid-

fine. It grows on dry anl barren hillr, and in

fom: places on the diich banks by road fides, HiU,

Cro'unu-plate. »./. [In architefture.J

The outermoft pieces of timber lying on

or near the ground, and framed into one

another with inortifes and tcnnons. In

thefe alfo are mortifes made to receive the

tcnnons of the joifts, the fumraer and

girders ; and fometitncs the trimmers for

the flair-cafe and chimney-way, and the

binding joift. Harrii.

lu the orthographical fchemes there (hould be a

true delineation) if it be a timber-building, of tie

fevs^l fzes of the ground flatt\, brcall Tummers,*

atid be^os. Mortimer,

Vol. I.

G R O

Gro'und-plot. fi. /.

1. The ground on which any building is
placed.

Wretched Gynecia, where can'ft thou find any
final] ground-pht for hope to dwell upon ? Sidney.

fi^ ground-plot fquare five hives of bees contains ;
Emblems of induttry and virtuous gains. Hartc.

2. The ichnography of a building
Gro'und-rent. n. /. Rent paid for the

privilege of building on another man's
ground.

A foot in front, and thirty-three five feventlis
deep, woiild bring in nground-renf of five pounds.
Arhutbnot on Caitn,
The fite was neither granted him, nor giv'n ;
*Twas nature's, and the ground^rent ^ue to He.tv'n,

liarte.

Gro'ukd-room. ti. f. A room on the
level with the ground.

1 befeechcJ him hereafter to meditate in a
grouad-rrom i for ihat otlierwifc it would be impof^
tabic for anartilt of any other kind to live near him.

Tal/fr.

Gro'undedly. adv. [from ' gr!iu?ided.\
Upon finn principles.

He hath given the firt hint of fpeaking groun-
drd/y, and to the purpofe, upon this fubje^.

Glanville,
Gto'vuDLtss. adj. [horn ground.] Void
of reafon ; wanting ground.

But when vain doubt and grounilefs fear
Do that dear foolilli bofom tear. Trior.

We have great reafon to look upon the high
pretcnfions which the Roman church makes to
miracles .is groundleji, and to rejed her vain and
fabulous accounts of them. Atierbury,

The party who diftinguiih themfelvcs by their zeal
for the prelent eftablilhment, fhould be careful to
difover fuch a reverence for religion, as may (hew
how groundkfi that reproach is which it caft upon
then;, of being averfe to our national woriliip.

Freeholder.

Gro'undlesslv. adj. [from ^reaWAy/.]
Without reafon; without caufe; without
jutl reafon.

Diveti perfons have produced the like by fpirit of
vitriol, or juice of lemons; but have gioundtrftly
afcribed the cfieA to fome peculiar quality of Ih.ile
two liquors. Boyle on Colours.

Gxo'undlessness. »./. [from ^ro«W/^i.]
Want of juft reafon.

He durft not cite the words either of my book or
fcrmous, led the reader fhould hsvc dlfcovered the
notorious fallhootl andgroaW.V^^r/iof his calumny.

Tt 1 1 01 fun.

Gro'undlino. n.f. [from ground.] A
fifh which keeps at the bottom of the
water: hence one of the low vulgar.

Hanker,
It offends me to the foul, to hear a roburtcous
perriwig.paied fellow tear a paflinn to tatters, to very
tags, to Iplit the ears of the gcoundlings, •

Sbiike/pejre's thmler.

Gro'undly. a//i/. [Uom [ground.] Upon
principles; folidly ; not fuper/icially.
Not in ufe.

A rmn, grouad/y learned jlre.idy,.miy take much
profit himlelf, in ufing by epitome 10 diaw other
mens works, for his own memory fake, into Ihorier
room. Afcham.

Gro'undsel. n.f. [jpund and j-ile, the
bafis, Saxon, perhaps from y^//;?, Latin.]
7 he timber or railed pavement next the
ground.

The window-frame hath every one of its lighs
rabbetled on its outlide about half an inch into
the frame ; and all tlicfc rabbets, but that on the
groiindfil, are grooved fquare; but the rabbet on
the ground/el is levelled downwards, that rain or
fnow may the frcelier fall ofl^. Mtixon.

Gro'undsel. n.f. [ftnecio, Latin.J A
plant.

G R O

Gro'undwork, n.f. [ground mi^'w^rl.']
I. The ground; the firll ftratum ; the firft
part of the whole ; that to which the reft
is additional.

A way there is in heav'n's citpanded plain.
Which, when the ikies are clear, is feen below,
And mortals by the name of milky know;
T)it groundiuork is of flats. Dtyden's Fables.

2. The firft part of an undertaking ; the
fundamentals.

The main (kill and grottndivork will be to temper
them fuch leilures and explanations, upon every
opportunity, as may lead and draw them in willing
obedience. _ Milton.

3. Firft principle; original reafon.

The ground-work thereof is nevcrihelefs true ani
certain, however they through ignorance difguife the
fame, or through vanity. Spe.tfer's State of Irdind,

The morals is the firft bulinefs of the poet, as be-
ing the groundii.ork of his inflruaion. Dryden.

Group, n.f. [grouppe, French; grsppo,
Italian.] Acrowd; aclufter; ahurdJe;
a number thronged together.

In a piiSure, befides the principal figures which
compofc it, and are placed in the midft of it, there
are lefs groups or knots of figures difpofed at proper
diilances, which are parts of the piece, and feem
to carry on the fame delign in a more inferior man-
ner. Dryden's Dufieftioy.

I cannot doubt but the poet had here in view the

pifture of Zetus, In the famous group of figures

which Tcprefents the two brothers binding Dirce to

■ the horns of a mad bull. Addifon,

You Ihould try your graving tools
On this odious group of fools. Swift,

To Group, i'. a, [groupfer, French.] 'lo
put into a crowd; to huddle together.

The difficulty iles in drawing and difpoling, or
as the painters term it, in grouping fuch a multitude
of diScrent objeifts, preferving ftiU the juftice and
conformity of ftyle aiid colouring. Prior.

Grouse, n.f. A kind of fowl; a heath-
cock.

Th« 'fijuires in fcom will fly the houfe
Tor better game, and look for ^rwy^. Swiji.

Grout, n.f, [jnuT, Saxon.] In Scotland
they call h groats.

I . Coarfe meal ; pollard.

King Hardicnute, 'midft Danes and Saxoni flout,
Carous'd in nut-brown ale, and din'd on grout i
Which difli its priliine honour ftill retains.
And when each prince is crown 'd in fplcndour reigns.

King.

z. That which purges off.

Sweet honey fome coiidenfe, fome purge the grout ;
The reft, in cells apart, the licjuid neiSarlhout.

Dryden,
5. A kind of wild apple. [Agriomeium,

Latin.]
To GROW, qj, n. prater, greiu; part,
paff. gro^vti, [jpopan, Saxon ; gnj(n,
Dutch.]

1. 'I'o vegetate ; to have vegetable motion ;
to incrcdfe by vegetation.

It is not the g/u^iV/g of fruit that nourifheth man;
but it is thy word which prcferveth them,

tfifd. xvi. 16.

He caufeth the grafs to gri,-iu for the cattle,, and
herb for the fervicc of man. /'/, civ'.' 14,

2. To W produced by vegetation.

In this country groivelh abundance of that wood,
. .which fincc is brought into Europe to die ted colours.

Attet.
A bag, lYiHgroivitb in the fields, at the firfl is
h.-ird like a tennis-ball, and white; and after groweth
of a mufliroom-co'our) and full of light dufl.

Bacon^s Natural Hl^ory,

But fay, where grcrus the tree ? from hence how

far ! ' Milton,

In colder regions men compnfe
Foifon with an, but here U^cotff/, ffal/er

5 X Tboft

G R O

Tkaft taw'ri of oak o'« fertile pl»ini might go,
And viftt mountainj where they ooce did grow-

frailer.

t. To (hoot in any particular form.

Children, like tender olicfs, tike the bow;
And »» they tu.l ix tiltuoa'd, iivityt grow.

Oryden't Jxv.

4. To increafe in ftature.

I long wiih all my heart to fee the prince ;

I hope be n muchFrewa 6nce Uft I Ijw him,

'^ Sbai.ff. Richard HI,

The poor man had nothing, fave one little ewe-
Jamb, which he had bought and rear'd up; and
itrrtv) up togedier with him and with his children.

a Sam. xii. J-

■ c. To come to manhood from infancy:
commonly followed by up.

Now the prince groveiB up faft to be 1 man,
aod is of a fwectand excellent difpofiton.

Bacon' i Advice to Villiers.
The main thing to be confidered, in every adlion
of a child, is how it will become him when he is
bigger, and whither it will lead him when he is
gra-wn up- Locke.

We arc brought into the world children, ignorant
and impotent; and we grow up in vanity and folly.

Wal^e.

6. To iffae as plants from a foil, or as
branches from the main trunk.

They will feem not (tuck into him, but grnuing
out of him. Drydttt's Mn. Dedication.

7. To increafe in bulk ; to become greater,
or more numerous.

Bones, after full growth, continue at a ftay :
as for nails xhtygrow continually.

Bacon's Natural Hijlory

Then their numbers fwell,
And^ru^v upon us. Denham.

Divifions grvw upon us, by negleft of praatick
(Julies : as every age degenerated from primitive
»ietv. they advanced in nice enquiries.
' ' Decay of Pietj.

8. To improve; to make progrefs.

Cmv.' in grace, and in the knowledge of our Lord
and Saviour lefus Chrift. » Pft- iii. 18.

He then difpenfed his beft of legacies, his blef-
fings; moll paflionalelytxhorting the young giow/wr
hopes of the family. _ teu-

As \itgrevi forward in years he was trained up to
learning, under one Pronapides, who taught the
Pelafgick letter invented by Linus. Pope.

9. To advance to any ftate.

Nature, as \x.gr<fwt again towards earth,

II faOiioo'd for the journey dull and heavy. Shai.
They doubted whereunto this would grvw.

Ads, V. 24.

The king, by this time, was grcwn to fuch an
height of reputation for cunning and policy, that
every accident and event tliat went well was laid and
imputed to his forefight. Bacon.

But when 10 ripen'd manhood he iaWgroiu,
The greedy failor Ihall the feas forego. Drydtn.

10. To come by degrees; to reach any
ftate gradually. /

After they grevi to reft upon number, rather com-
petent than valt, they grew to advanuges of place,
cunning diverfons, and the like ; and they grpui
more fltilful in the ordering of their battles.

Bacon*i Effays.

Verfe, or the other harmony of profe, I have fo
toog ftudied and praftifed, that they are grafuin into
a habit, and bccom: familiar to me. Dryden.

The trefpaffes of people are grottn up to heaven,
and their fins are got beyond all rellraints of law and
authority. Rogtrs.

11. To come forward; to gather ground.

Some feeing the end of their government nigh,
and troublous praflice gratving up, which may
work urouble to the next governour, will not attempt
rcdrefs. Spenfer on U eland.

It was now the beginning of Oilober, and Winter
began to grov faft on: great rain, with terrible
thunder and liS^litning, and mighty tcmpefts, then
ieU abundantly. KnolUs.

G R O

I. To be changed from one ftate to ano-
ther ; to become cither better or worfe ;
to turn.

A good man's fortune maygroTO oijt at heels.

Sbakrfpiare.

Scipio Nafica feared left, if the dread ot that
enemy were taken away, the Romans would grow
either to idlenefs or civil diffcnfion. Abbot.

Hence, hence, and to fome barbarous climate fly,
W'hich only brutes in human form does yield.
And man grows wild in nature's oomaaon held.

Dryden.

The nymph grew pale, and in a mortal fright.
Spent with the labour of fo long a Bight. Dryden.

Patient of commaiid
In time he gre^v\ and growing us'd to hand.
He waited at his mailer's board for food. Dryden.

We m..- trade and be bufy, and grow poor by it
unlels we regulate our expences. Locke.

You will grow a thing contemptible, unlefs you
can fupply the lofs of beauty with more durable
qualities. Swift.

Delos, by being reckoned a facred place, grew to
be a free port, where nations warring traded, as in a
neutral country. Ariutlnct.

By degrees the vain, deluded elf,
Gre ■* out of humour with his former felf. Harte.

13. To proceed as from a caufe or reafon.

What will grow out of fuch errours as are malked
under the cloak of divine authority, impolfible it is
that ever the wit of man fhould imagine, 'till time
have brought forth the fruits of them. Hooker.

Shall we fet light by that cuftom of rciding, from
whence fo precious a benefit hilhgrcrjin ? Hooker.

Take heed now that ye fail not to do this : why
(hould damage rrrm; to the hurt of the kinj.

Ex. iv. 21.

Hence' ^rctui that necefTary diftinftion of the
faints on earth and the faints in heaven; the firft be-'
longing to the militant, the fecond to the triumphant
church. Piarfon.

The want of trade in Ireland proceeds from the

■ want of people; and this is not grown from any

ill qualities of the climate or air, but chiefly from fo

many wars. _ Temple.

14. To accrue; to be forthcoming.
Ev'n juft the fum that I do owe to you.

Is gro-wiiig to mt by Antipholis. Sbakefp.

15. To adhere; to ftick together.

Honour and policy, like unfevcr'J friends,
1' th' war do grow together. Sbakefp. Coriohnus.

The frog's mouth grows up, and he continues fo
for at lead fix months without eating. Walton.

In burnings and fcaldings the fingers would many
times grotv together : the chin would gro'w to the
breall, and the arms to the (ides, were they not
hindered. IVifonan's Suigery.

16. To fwell: a fea term.

Mariners are ufed to the tumbling and rolling of
(hips from fide to fide, when the fea is never fo little
grown. Raleigh.

17. The general idea given by this word is
proceffion or paflage from one ftate to an-
other. It is always change, but not always
increafe; for a thing may ^rmu lefs, as
well as groiu greater.

Gro'wer. w.y; [fromgivw.] An increafer.

It will grow to a great bignel's, being the quickcll
grc^trr of any kind of elm. Mortimer.

To Grow I,. 1;. n. [grel/eu, Flemifh.]

1. To fnarl or murmur like an angry cur.

They roam amid' the fury of their heart.
And growl their horrid loves. Tbomfon's Spring.

Dogs in this country are of the fixe of common
maftiffs, and by nature never bark, but^rcW when
they arc provoked. Ellis*

2. To murmur; to grumble.

Othello, neighbours — how he would roar about
a foolifh handkerchief ! and then he would growl fo
manfully. Cay,

G R ow N . The participle pafEve of grow,
I. Advanced in growth,
z. Covered or filled by the growth of any ^
thing.

G R U

T went by the field of the (lotblul, and by the
vineyard of the man void of unJerllanding; and
lo, it was all grown over with thorns, and octiies
had covered the lace thereof. Provet Bt,

3. Arrived at full growth or ftaiure.

I faw lately a pair of China (ho«, which I was
told were for a' grown woman, that would force
have been big enough for one of oar little girls.

Locke.
Growth, n, /. [from gro'wn.'\

1. Vegetation; vegetable life; increafe of
vegetation.

Deep in the palace of long grf^vtb there (lood
A laurel's trunk of vulnerable wcoJ. Dtyden's jSn.

Thofc trees thai have the (lowed growth, are, for
that reafon of the tonsil continuance. Atiertntry.

2. Pfodtift ; produdion ; thing produced :
aft of producing.

Forbidding every bteak unkindly fog
To touch the pivfperQus growth of this tall wood.

Miltotr:

Our Mttle world, the image of the great.
Of her own groivtb hath all that nature craves.
And all that's rare, at tribute from the wavet.

ffal/er.

The trade of a countiy arifes frotn the native
growthi of the foil or foas. Temple,

I had thought, for ilie honour of our nation,
that the knight's tale was of Englilh growth, and
Chaucer's own . Dryden,

3. Increafe in number, bulk, or frequency.

What 1 have tried, or thought, or heard upon this
fubjed, may go a great way in preventing the
growlio! this difeafe, where it is but new.

Temple.

4. Increafe of ftatu re; advance to maturity.

I'hey fay my Ion of York
Has almort overla'cn him in hii growth. Sbakefp.

The ftag, now confcious of his fa'.al growth.
To foi^e dark covert his retreat had m.ide. Denham.

Though an animal arrives at his full growth at
a certain age, perhap- it never comes to its full bulk
'till the lall period of life. Arbu'.hnot on Aliments.

If parents (hould be d^ily calling upon Cod in a
folemn deliberate manner, altering and extending
their inteicelfioiis, as the (late and growth of their
childien required, fuch devotion would have a mighty
influence upon tiie leil of tlieir lives. Law.

5. Improvement ; advancement.

It gricveii David's religious mind to confider the
groti-th of his own eftatc and dignity, the affairs of
religion continuing (till in the former manner.

Hooker,

Gro'wtheaij. 7 ?.-. /. [from gn/s or great
Gro'wtnol. J tetti/; capita, Latin.]

1. Akindof fifli. Ainfujorth,

2. An idle lazy fellow. Obfolete.

Though flceping one hour refrelheth his fong.
Yet trufl not Hob growtbead for lleeping too long.

TuJIer.
To GRUB. 'V. a. [graiait, preter. groi, to
dig, Gothick.] To dig up; to deftroy
by digging ; to root out ot the grout>d ;
to eradicate by throwing up out of tlip
foil.

A foolifli heir caufed all the bulhes and hedgn
about his vineyard to be grubbed up. L'Efirange.

Foreil land.
From whence the furly ploughman ^ruis the wood,

Dryden*
The grubbing up of woods and trees may be very
needful, upon the account of their unthriftinefs.

Mortimer.

As for the thick woods, which not only Vii^gil

but Homer mentions, they are mod of them grubbed

up, fince the promontory has been cultivated and

inhabited. Addifon on Italy,

Grub. »./. [from gritiiittg, or mining.]
I, A fmall worm that eats noles in bodies.

There is a difference between a grub and a butter*
fly, and yet your butterfly was a grub. Sbakefpeare,

New creatures rife,
A moving mafs at tird, and (hort of thighs ;
'Till (hooting out with legs, and imp'd with wings.
The giiibt proceed to bc«s wiUi pointed itijtgs. D^d.

G R U

The grui
Oft unoblerv'd, invades the vital core;
Pernicious tenant ! and her lecret cave
Enlarges hourly, preying on the pulp
Ceafelefs. Pii.'ift.

t. A (hort thick mar ; a dwarf. In con-
tempt.

John Romane, a fhort clowailh grui, would bear
the whole carcaTe of an ox, yet never tugged with
him, Caretv.

Tt Gru'bble. f. n. [grubekn, German
.itomgrub.'\ To feel in the dark.

Thou haft a colour;
Now let me rowl and grtibble thee :
Blind men fay white I'eels fmoolh, and black feels

rough ;
Thou hart a rugged ikin ; I do not like thee.

DrjJtr.
Gnu'BSTREiT. n.f. Originally the name
ofa ftreet ; near Moorfields in London,
much inhabited by writers of fmall liifto-
ries, diftionaiies, and temporary poems
whence any mean production is called
gridftreet.

Xauf l3-«j(>i f/.tr'aii)iU, fjuir' uXyt» TMf*
ATTTxTiaii riof iJU; iKolfoi/fXt-

The firft pait, though calculated only for the m:-
ridian oi gruifirret, was yet taken notice of by the
betierfort. Arbiilhmi.

I'd fooner ballads write, and gruhjlnet lays. Cay.
7o GRUDGE, -v. a. ffrom grugir, accor-
ding to Skinner, which in French is to
grind or eat. In this fenfc we fiiy of one
who rcfenrs any thing fecretly he cheivt it.
Gmvgnach, in Welfh is to murmur ; to
grumble. Gnmigh, in Scotland, denotes
a grumbling morofe countenance.]
I , To envy ; to fee any advantage of ano-
ther with difcontent.

Whatmeaiisthis baniQiingme from yourcounfels ?

Do you love your forrow fo well, js to grudge me

part of it ? HiJiuy.

'Tis not in thee

To grudge my plealures, to cut off my train. Sb«i.

He ftrug^les into birth, and cries for aid ;
Then helplefs in his mother's lap is laid !
He creeps, he walks ; and, jfluing into man,
Crudgt! their life from whence hi* own began.

Drydtrt,
Thefe clamours withdifdain he heard.
Much gradg'd the fra>le, but more the rob'd re-.i-3rd.
, Dryden,

Do not, ai fome men, tud upon the'ttft,.and taftc
of the fedimcnts of a grudging uncommunicative
difpolition. Spiaittf,r.

Let us confidcrlhe inexliaufled trcafures of the
ocean j and though tome hivt grudged the great ITiare
that it takes oi ihc furface ofihe earth, yet we i>.all
propofe this loo, as a coafpicuoul mark and cha-
racter of the wifdom of God. Hentley.
I havr often heard the Prefbyterians fay they jid
not grudge us our employments, Houlh.
2. To give or take un -.villi nglyr

Let me X leill a funeral marriage crave.

Hot grudge my cold embraces in the grave. Dry J.

Tiiey liavc grudged thofe coniiibutions, which

have fet oor country « the head of all the govern.

menu of Europe. Add! Jon.

Te Grudce. t;. n.

1. To murmur ; to repine.

They knew the force of that dreadful curfe,
whereunto idolatry maketh fubjeft ; nor is there
ca-jfc why the guilty fuftaining the Time fhoukl
grudge ^.^ coT.pIj'ii of injurtice. Hooker.

" ^ ■ or repine at our portion, but are

cirtumftances which the pro-
i> nil made to be our lot.

2. To be unwillmg ; to be reluaant.

Many limes they go with as great grudging to
lerve m his Majefty'i fliips, w if it were to be (laves
w the gaJlie*. Rafeigh.

tontei/
Tidcnce 1

G R U

You fteer tetwixt the country and the court,
Nor gratify whate'er the great dcfire,
Uor grudging give what publick needs require.

D'yd. Failet.

3. To be envious.
Grudge not one againft another, brethren, left ye

be condemned. 7*». V. 9.

4. To with in fecret. A low word.

E'en in the moft fmcere advice he gave.
He had a grudging dill to be 3 knave. Drydtn.

5. To give or have any uneafy remains.
I know not whether the word in this
fcnfe be not rather ^j*fM»/, or remains ;
gru^eons being the part of com that re-
mains after the fine meal has paffed the
fieve.

MyDolabella,.
Haft thou not ftiU (omi grujgi»gj of tdy fever ?

Dry den.

Grudge. »./. [from the ■verb.]
I . Old quarrel ; inveterate malevoleVice ;
fullen malice.

Many countries about her were full of wars, which
for old grudgei to Corinth, were thought ftill would
conuludc there. Sidney.

Two houlholjs, both alike in dignity.
From mcicnt grudge break to new mutiny.
Where civil blood makes civil harid^ unclean.

SHakiffeitre,
Let me go in to fee the generals :
There is fome grudge between 'cm ; 'tis not meet
They be alone. Sbahfpeare': Julius Cafar

Beep fefterM hate:
A grudge in both, time out of mind, begun, . ,
And mutually betjueath'J from fire to fon. Tale.

2. Anger ; ill-will.

The gOd of vin, to iTiew Kit grudge, ■
Glapt atVs eats upon the judge. Sviift.

3. UnvV'ili'ingnefs to benefit.
Thofe to whom, you have

Wuhgraa'^f prefcrr'd me. Benjon/cn.

4. Envy ; odium ; invidious cenfure.

5. Remorfe of confcience. Ainjkvorth.
6.- Some little commotion, or forerunner of

a difeafe. Ainfiwrih.

Gru'dgingly. adv. [from grudge.'] Un-
willingly; malignantly; reluctantly.

Like harpies they could fcent a plenteous boiid ;
Then to be fure they never t'ail'd their lord ;
The reft was form, and bate allenjante paid j
Then drank and ear, md grudging/y obey'J . bryd.
Gnu 'el., n. y. [grueau, grudtc, French.]
Fbod made by boiling oatmeal in water";
any kind of mixtuVc inade by boiling
ingredieiits in water.' :

Finger ol hijthHlrangl'd bnW,
D;tch-de'livei"d by a drib';
Make the^iW thick and (l;ib. y-j^'-.rj],. i,;.:Qu,tr:.

Was ever Tartar fierce or ctucl
Upon the ftrcogth of water gruel f Prior.

Cruel miiz of grain, broths, malt d.'int not much
hopped, poirei-drinks,^ and in general whatner re-
•ittth. . Arbuihnot.

GRUFF, adj. [^nff, Dutch.] Sour of
afpeft; harlh of mariners.

Around the fiend'in hideous order, fat
Foul bawling infamy and bold debate,
GruffiMcoatint, through igirorance jniiled. Carli.
The appellation of honour was fuch an one the
gruj", (uch an one the ftocky. Addifon.

Qf.\i'fY\,-i. adv. \Uom gritff'], Harfliiyj
ruggedly; roughly. " ■ ' |

The form of Mars high^on a chariot (loo^,
All Iheatb'd in arms, -Xi'^grujly look 'if the god.

Dryden.

Gru'ffness. n.f. \^xoxn grnff.^ Rugged-
nefs of mien ; harfhnefsof look or voice.

Grum. adj. [contrafted from ■grnmble.'\
Sour; furly ; ftvere. A low word.
Nic looked four and grum, iwid wouU not open his

• mo""'- ■ Afljmh>tJi.

G R U

To GRITMBLE. v. n. gmmmelen, grimmtK

Dutch.] * *

I. To murmurwith difcontent.

A bridegroom,
A grumbling groom, and that tlie girl fhall find.

fi. ,, . Shaiefp.

Tha^grumblejl and raileft every hour on Achil-
les, and thou art as full of envy at his greatnefs at
Cerberus is at Proferpina's beauty. Sbake/p

Fh' accur'ft PhiliHian ftandson th'otherfide,
Orawi//,.^ aloud, and fmiles 'twixt rage and pride.

Co-U'lcy,

Suitors, all but one, will depart grumbling, be-
caule they mifs of what they think their due.

D .. . South.

Providence has allotted man a competency : a 11
beyond it is fuperfluous ; and there will be grumb
ling without end, if we reckon that we want fl^is.
becaufe we have it not. L'EJirange.

L'Avare, not ufing half his ftore.
Still grumbles that he has no more. Prior.

2. To growl ; tognarl.

The lion, though he fees the toils are fet, n
Yet, pinch'd with raging hunger, fcoursaway ;\
Hunts in the face of danger all the day ;
At night, with fullen pleafure, grumbles o'er hit •
- P"=y- , Dryd.

3. To make a hoarfe rattle.

Thou grmr.hling, thunder join thy voice. Motiek*.
I Llkcartorm

That gathers black upon the frowning (ky, .

And grumbles in the wind. Rdwe's Royal Convert.

Vapours foul
Dath on the mountains brow and (hake the woods
That grumbling wave below. Thomfon's ly'mter.
Gr u'mbl K R . a. /. [from grumble.] One
that ervrables; a murmurer j a difcon-
terited man.

The half.pcnce are good Tiiilf-pence, and I will

ftaild by it : if I made them of filver, it would be

the fame thing to the grumbler. Szvift.

Gru'mbling. n. /. [from grumble.] A

murmuring through difcontent; agrudge.

1 have ferv'd
Without or grudge or grumbling!. Sh.ikefp.

GRUME. »./. [grumeait, French; grumus,
Lirthi.] A thick vifcid conftftence ofa
fluid : as the white of an egg, or clotted
like cold blocid. '" ^lincj.

Gru'mi.y. /7i/f. [from ^wct.]
raorofely.

GRT/'KroUS;

Sullenly ;
rume.] Thick:

<ulj. [from g
clotted.

The blood, whi:n let was black, grumous, the
red part wiih^ut a due Mnliftence, the ferum fa-
!me, ab J of a j ellowilh green. Arbuthnot,

Jru'moiJsness. ff. f. ['from grumout.]
Thickncfs ofa coagulated liquour.
_ The caufc may be rcti-rrcd cither 10 the coagula-
tion ofSie fetum, 07 grumoujnrfs o[ the blood.

. IViJanAn^s Surgery,

Gru'nsel; ». /, [More ufu:illy ^,o(,»^y,
urtlefs ^ilton intended to preferve the
Saxon SJiunb.] The groundfil ; the
lower part of the building.

Next came one
Whomoum'd in earneft, when the captive arle
Maim'd his brute image, head and hands lopp'd off
In his own temple, on the grunfel ti%e:.
Where he fell flat, and (ham'd his worthippers.

Milton.
ro GRUNT. \ -v.n. [grunnio, Latin.]
7)GRU'NVLE.J To 'murmur like a
hog.

And neigh, and bark, mi grunt, and roar and burn,
Like hotii:, hound, hog, hear, lire, at every turn.

Skikefp.

Lament, yc fwine ! in gruntling. fpend your grid ;
Foryou, like me, hjve loft your Ible relief. Gay.

Thy briiided boars may {lumber undifmay'd ;
Or grunt fecutc beneath lltf cbcfuut Oude, Tichl.

S Z.S The

QUA

The feolding quean to louder notes doih rifei
To her full pipes the grwrling hog repliei ;
The rruxiing ho:i liatm the neighbours round.

* * m S-u,!/i.

Grcnt. »./. [from the verb.] Thcnoife
of a hog. '

Swine's foawts, fwipe's bodies, toolc they, briftles,
prarttx. Chapman,

Ran cow and calf, and family of hogs.
In panicle honour of purfuing dogs :
Wiih many a deadly grunt, and doleful fqueak,
' toor fwine, as if their pretty hearts would break.

Dryd.
From hence were heard
The punti of briftled boars, and grtjans of bears,
Andhcrds of howling wolves. Drjd.Mn.

G8,o'nter. »•/. [frorn^r«K/.]

U He that grunts.

J. A kirid of fi(h. [zf»^i; ]

Gru'ntlinc.s./. [frora^ras/.] A young

Tiog.
To Crutch, v. n. [corrupted for the

fake of rhyme from grudgeJl To envy ;

to repine ; to be difcontented. Notufed.
The poor at the enclofure doth grutcb,

Becaufc of abufes that fall,

l^rt fome men Ihould.have but too much.

And fome again nothing at all. Tufer'tjtujh.

But what we're born for we muft bear,

Our frail condition it is fuch,
. a'hat what to all may happen here,

irt chance to me, I mull not grulch. Ben Jan/on.

■Grutcm. «./. [from the verb.J Malic< j
ill-will.

In it he melted leaden bullets,
"To (hoot >t foes, and fomctimes pullets ;
To whom he bore fo fell agiafcA,
He ne'er gave quarter f any fuch. Hudibras.

Cry. n. /. {yi" ] Any thing of little

value ; as, the paring of the nails.
Guaia'cum. »./.

Guaiacxm is attenuant and aperient. It is excel-
lent in many chronick cafes, and was once famous
for curin" the venereal difeafe, which it ftill does
fingly in° warmer climates, but with us we find it
. inuiracient. We have a refin of it, improperly cal-
led gum guamcum. Hill.
"iGu arante'e. «./. [guarant, French.] _ A
power who undertakes to fee ftipulations
performed.

God, the great guarantee for the peace of man-
kind, where laws cannot fecurc it, may think it the
concern of his providence. South.

A prince dillinguilhed by. being a paa-on of Pro-
.teftants, and guarantee of the Weftphalian treaty.

Addtfon on the War.

An oath is a promifc made to God, and God is our

•fuperior, fuperior to kiiiEs. And he is alfo the

guarantee and avenger of all breach of faith and

injuftice. Li'Jl'y-

To Gua'ranty. 'V. a. [gnrantir, French.]

To undertake to fecure the performance

of any articles.

To GUARD. V. a [geirifer, French ; from

our word ijuaril, the xu being changea by

,thc French, into g ; as Gallei for Ifules.]

1 . To watch by w^y of defence and fecu-
4ity.

2. Toproteft; to defend.

Naked the graces guarded you from at!
Dancers abroad, and now your thunder Qiall.

trailer.

Your pow'r you never ufc, but for defence,
^oguart{ your own or others innocence. Dryden.

Fii'd on defence, the Trojans are not flow
To gal'"'' their (hoee from an expelled foe. Dryden

The portol Genoa it very ill guarded agaiult the
ftorms. Addijm on Italy.

3. To preferve by caution.

One would take care to guard one's felfagainft
this particular imperfci.lian,becaiife it it that which
^ur aaturc vcr}' ftiongly iucliaes us 10. Aidijun.

G U A

4. To provide againft objeftions. '.'

Homer h.« gwflrrffrf every eircumltance with 'as
much caution as if he had been aware of the objec-
li^n^ Briiome on Od.

5. To adorn with lifts, laces, or ornamen-
tal borders. Obfolete.

Give him a livery
More guarded than his felk>wJ. Sbakr/f.

• See a fellow
Id a long motley, guarded with yellow. Sbaie^.

To Gtt A RD, v. n. To be in a ftatc of
caution or defence.

There are caies, in which a man muft guard, if
he intends to keep fair with the world, and turn the

penny.

ai/ier.

To guard a|ainft fuch miftakes, it is neceflary to
acquaint ourfelvcs a little with words. Ifat/J.

Guard. »./. [gartie, French; twwf/, Teu-
tonick.]

1. A man, or body of men, whofe bufinefs
is to watch by way of defence or pre-
vention.

The guard bare them, and brought khem bick
into the guard chamber. 1 fCi'ngt, xiv. 2%.

Up into heav'n, fromparadife, in hafte
Th' angelick gaaii/i afccnded, mute, and fad.
For man. MUton*i ParadiJ'e hojl.

They mlfs'd courts, gaard'^, a gay and num'tous
train.
Our judges like our laws were rude and plain.

Covjley.
With lifted hands, and gazing eyes.
His guards, behold him fo«ring through the (kies.

Dryden.

He muft be frufted to his own conduft, fince there

cannot always be ■& guard upon him, except what you

put into his own mind by good principles. lyickf.

They, uforping arbitriry power, had \!n<i\x guardt

and fpics, after the practice of tyrants. Sivift.

2. A Hate of caution ; a ftate of vigilance.

The great alteration which he made in the ftate

ecclefiattical, caufed him to ftand upon his guard at

home. Davhs.

Temerity puts a man offhis guard. L'EJlrange.

It is wifdom to keep ourfelves upon a guard.

L'EJIrange.
Now he ftood collefled and prepai 'i ;
For malice and revenge had put him on hXi guard,

Dryden.
Others are cooped in clofc by the &t\& guards of
thofc whofe intcrelt it is to keep them igiio:ant.

hocke.
Men are always upon their gfard againft an ap-
pearance or defign. Smalridge.

3. Limitation; anticipation of objeftion ;
caution of expreffion.

They have exprclTed themfelves with as {cw guards
and reftriflions as 1. Atterbury.

4. An ornamental hem, lace, or border.
Obfolete.

5. Part of the hilt of a fword.
GtJA'RDAGE. «,/. [from guard.] State of

wardfhip. Obfolete.

A maidfo tender, f.iir and happy.
Run from her guardage to the footy bofom
Of fuch a thing as thou. Shateffeare^s Olhtllo.

Gua'&der. »./. One who guards.

Ahifiuorth.
Guar'dian. a./, [gardien, French, from

guard.]
I . One that has the care of an orphan ; one

who is to fupply the want of parents.

I aia forry for her, as I havejuft caufe, being her
uncle and herguardian. Sbakefp. Much Ado.

When perjur'd guardians, proud with impious
gains,
Choak «jp the ftreels, too narrow for their trains !

Dryden.

Hocus, with two other ofthe|;i«ir.//.i»», thought

it their duty to lake care of the interell of the three

gills. Arlrulbnot.

:. One to whom the care and prcfervation
of any thing is committed.

G U D

I gave you all.
Made you m.y guardians, my depolitaries ;
But kept a relcrviition to be lollow'd
With fuch a number. Sbakeff. King Itar,

It tjien becomes the common concern of all that
hive truth at heart, and nurc cfpecially of thofe wh^}
are the app*jiiifcd 'guardians of the'Chtiflian faith,
to be upon t,hc watch a;;aiiift fedi:ccrs. l-k'aterlanj.

3. A repofitory or ftorehoufe.

Where is Duncan's body.

Carried to Colmcfkill,

The facred ftorehoufe of his predeceflforj
And guardian oi tlvi. bones. . .Sbat^.

Guardian of the Sfiritualiliei. He to
whom the ^iritual jurifdiftion of any
diocefe is committed, during the vacancy
of the fee. lie may be either guardian
in law, or jure magifiratus, as the arch-
bilhop is of any diocefe within his pro-
vince ; or guardian by delegation, as he
whom the archbifhop or vicar-general
doth for the time depute. Ccitxl.

Gua'rdi AN. cdj. Performing the office of
a kind protettor or fuperintendant.

My charming patronefs proteiSs me unfeen, like
ray guardian a!igel ; and (l.uns my gratitude like a
fairy, who is bountiful by llealth, aud conceals \V,e
giver when fhe beftows the gift. Dijden.

Thus (hall majikind his guardian care engage.
The promis'd father of the tutuie age. Pope.

Mean while Minerva, in her guardian an.
Shoots from the ftarry vaults through fields of air.

Pope.

Gua'rdianship. ». /. [from guardian.]
The office of aguaidian.

Thecurate itretch'd his patent for the cure of fouls,
to a kind of tutelary guarJianJhip over goods and
chattels. I.'EJlrange,

I'his holds true, not only in lolTes and Indignities
offered to ourfelves, but alfo iir the cafe of Iruft,
when they are ofTeied to others who are committed
to our care and guardia*ij}jip, Kettlenvelh

Thefeus is tlie firft who eftablifhed the popular
ftate in Athens, aflTigning to himfelf the guardian-
Jbip of the laws, and chief commands in war.

Stui/i.
Gua'rdless. adj. [from guard.] Without
defence.

Soon ihtguard/e/s herd, their keeper (lain,
Rulhes a tyger in the Lybian plain. ff'al/er.

A rich land, guard.'r/! and undefended, mull
needs have been a double incitement. South,

Gua'rdship. »./. [itom guard.]

1. Care ; protection.

How blefs'd am I, by fuch a man led !
Under whofe wife and careful guardjhip
I now defpife fatigue and hardlhip. Sutfti

2. [Guard and^r^.] A king's fliip to guard
the coaft.

Guaia'va. 1 ». y; An American fruit,
Gua'va.. J The fruit, fays Sir Hans
Sloane. is extremely delicious and whole-
fome. They have only this inconveni-
ence, that being very aftringent, they
ftop up the belly, if taken in great quan-
tities.
Guberna'tion. n.f. [gttlernath, Latin.]
Government ; fuperintendency ; fuperioux
dircf^ion.

Pcjhaps there is little or noihtng In the govern-
ment of the kingdoms of nature and grace, but what
is tranfafled by the man Jefus, inhibited by the di-
vine power and w ifdom, and emplo^'cd as a medium
or confcious inftrument of this extenfivc gubernatiots.

IValts.
Gtj'dgeon. n.f. [goiijon, French.]
1. A fmall fifh found in brooks and rivers,
eafily caught, and therefore made a pro-
verbial naiTie for a man eafily cheated.

'Tis true, uo turbets dignify my boards ;
But gudgeem, flsundcrs, wbal m> Thama ai&rds.

Ptpf.
2. A

G U E

2. A man eafily cheated.

This he did to draw ycu in, like fo many guJ-
gfoxs, to fwallow his falfe arguments. Sicift.

3. Something to be cauoht to aman's own
dvfadvantage: a bait; an allureOient : gud-
geons being comnaunly ufed as baits for
pike.

But filh not with this melancholy bait,

For this fjol's guHgfiit, this opinion. Shattf.

Gue'rdon. n.J. [guerdon, garJon,YKnQh.]

A reward ; a recompenfe, in a good and

bad fenfe. A word now no longer in ufe.

But to tht virgin comes, who al' this while
Amazed (lands heifcif fo mock'd to fee.
By him who had the guerdon of his guile.
For fo misfeigoing her true knight to be. Spenfer.

He ihall by thy revenging hand, at once receive
the j'jft guerdon of all his former villainies. Kno.'lei.

Fame is the fpur that the clear fpiritdoth raife.
To fcorn delights, and live labourious days ,
But the fair g<«r</o» when wc hope to find.
And think to burft out into fuddsn blaie.
Comes the blind fury, with th' abhorred iheen.
And flits the thm-fpun life. Milton.

To GUESS, -v. a. [gkife«, Dntch.]
1. To conjecture ; to judge without any
certain principles of judgment.

Incapable and Ihaliow innocents !
You cannot gur/s who cauj'd your father's death.

Shakefp.

Let not your ears defpifc my tongue for ever.
Which fiiall poffefs them with the heavieft found
— Hum ' I gutft at it. Shaktff. M.icifli.

He that, by leafon of his fwift motions, can in-
form himfclf of all places and preparations, fliould
he not very often gurji rightly of things to come,
where Godpleafcth not to give impediment ?

Raltigh't Hlfiirj.
There iffue fwarming bands
Ofambufli'd men, whom, by their arms and drefs,
To be Taxcallan cRemiej I guifi. DryJtn.

Tlie fame author ventures to g«<'fi at the parti-
cular face which-would attend (lie Roman govern-
ment. , Swift.

N<sr can imagination gw/t
How that ungrateful charming maid
My pure.1 pallion has bctray'd. Swift.

a. To conjefture rightly, or upon fomc
juft reafon.

One may gue/s by Plato's writings, that his
meaning, as to the inferiour deities, was, that they
who would ha« them might.and they who would not,
might let them alone ; but that himfclf had a right
opinion concerning the true God. SiiUingJlee/.

To Guess, v. a. To hit upon by accident ;
to determine rightly of any thing without
certain direftion of the judgment.

If Xerxes was able to call every common foldier
by his name in his army, it may be gutjfrd he got
not this wonderful ability hj learning his leflbn bv
heart. i^^^;

GuEss. n.f. Jfrom the verb.] Conjefture;
judgment wunout any pofitive or certain
grounds.

The enemy's in view ; draw up your powers.
Hard is liicgue/i of their true ftrciigth and forces.

Shaktfp.

HugutJJf was ufuaJly as near to prophecy as any

. man's. ;.>//

A poetmuftconfffs

HW art't like phyfick, but a happy guefi. Dryd.

It is a wrong way of proceeding to venture a

gi»»ler good for a lef«, uponunceruin gurgii, belbre

» due enamination. Locke.

We may make fome gu,f, at the diftin«ion of

things, into thofe that arc according to, above, and

contrary to reafon. Locke

This problem yet, this ofTspringof a r»//j,
Let ut for once a child of truth confefs. Prior.

N<f>nan is bleft by actident, or ^uep,
K True wifdom is the price of happinefi. Tiung.

Gu RISER, n.f. [from gurfs.^ Conjec-
turcr; one who judges without certain
knowledge.

G U I

It is the opinion of divers good gueffen, that the
laft tit will not be more violent than advantageous.

Pope.
If fortune (hould pleafe but to take fuch a crotchet,
To thee I apply, great Sniedley's I'ucceiTor,

To give thee lawn fleeves, a mitre and rochet.
Whom would 'it thou referable .' I leave thee a guejjer.

Swift.
GUESSINGLV. aJ-v, [(com gi^fj^rrg.] Con-
jecturally ; uncertainly. Not in ufe.

I have a \tnct guefingly fet down. Sbakejp.

^VJ^J'n"'^' l-S^r*' 5'r':> Saxon j^Tt^j/i!,
Welih.J

I. One entertained in the houle or at the
table of another.

They all murmured, faying, that he was gone to
be guejl with a man that is a (inner. Luke,x\i. 7.

Methinks a father
Is, at the nuptial of his fon, a gaeft
That bell becomes the table. Shakefp

Tell my royal gurft
I add to his commands ray own requeft. Dryden.

t. Aftranger; one who comes newly to
refide.

O dcfarts, dcfarts ! how lit a guefl am I for you,
(ince my heart can people you with wild ravenous
beads, which in you arc wanting > Sidney.

Thofe happiel) fmiles
That play'd on her ripe lip, feem'd not to know
What guejls were in her eyes ; which parted thence
As pearls from diamonds dropt. Shakefpeare.

Gue'strite. n.f. [from ^tf^ and rite.^
Offices due to a gueft. j

UlylTes fo dear
Agiftefteem'd it, that he would not beare
In hia black Secte that guefi-rite to the war.

Chapman.
Gue»tchamber.«,/ [giieflMdi chamber.]
Chaml)er of entertainment.

Where is the gmjlchamier, where I (liall eat the
pafTover with my difciples ? Mark. xiv. 14,

To Gu'gole, t/. n. [gorgtilaire, Italian.]
To found as water running with inter-
miffions out of a narrowmouthed veffcl.
G u i'd A c E . n.f. [from guii/e.] The reward
given to a guide. Ainfivorth.

Gui'dance. n.f. [from guide,] Direc-
tion ; government.

They charge me with neglefling iht gmdaiict o(
wifermen. Spenfer.

As to thefe who li«d under the guidance of
reafon alone, without the alTillance of fupematural
light, it is highly probable that miracles, or a melT-
agc from the dead would pcrfuade them.

AltciLury.
Particular application muft be left to Chriftian
prudence, under the ga/y^w/ of God's holy fpirit,
who knows our necetlity before wc aflc, and our ig- 1
norance in alking. Rogers. |

This to the younj— but thy CTperienc'd age
Wants not the guidvnce of a former fage. Sewel.
A prince ought not to be under the guidance or
influence of cither fartion, bccaufe he declines from
his office of prefiding over the vvhole to be the head
of a party. Swift.

To GLIDE. %'. a [guider, French.]

1. To direft in a way.

When the fpirit of truth is come, he v,\\\ gulJt
you into all truth. %. xvi. 13.

The new light ferved to guide them to their
neighbours colTers. Decay 'fl'icty.

Whofoever has a faithful friend to guide him in
the dark palTagea of life, may can-y his eyes in ano-
ther man's head, and yet fee never the worfe.

South.

2. To influence.

Upon thefe, or fuch like ferular maxims, when
nothing but the mtercll ol this world guuiri men,
they many times conclude that the fligliteil wrongs
arc not to be put up. KntlcweU.

3. To govern by counfcl ; to inftruft.

For thy name's fike lead me and guide me.

PAixxi. 3.

4. To regulate ; to fuperintend.

G Ut .

Women neglea that which St. Paul alTigps them
as their proper bufinels, the guiding ol the Lou'e.

Decay rf Piety.

Guide „. f [guide, French, from the
verb.]

1 . One who direfts another in his veay.
Thou gaveft them a burning pillar of fire to be a

^-Birfcof the unknown journey. fVifd.xm\. 3.

Can kno« ledge have no bound, but mull aivanee
So far to make us wi(h for ignorance ?
And rather in the dark to grope our way.
Than, led by a falfe guide to err by day ?

Benham.

2. One who direfls another in his conduft.

While yet but young, his father dy'd,
And left him to an hiffy guide. ffailer.

They have all the lame palloral guides ap-
pointed, authorifed, fanftified, and fet apart by the
appointment of God by the direftion of the fpirit,
to direa and lead the people of God in the fame way
of eternal falvation. Peafon.

3. Direftor ; regulator. ^

Who the guide of nature, but only the God of
nature ? In him wc live, move, and are. Thofe
things which nature is faid to do, are by divine art
performed, ufiiig nature as an inftrument : nor it
there any fuch knowledge divine in nature hetfelf
working, but in the^OTVc of nature's wsrk.

_ Hooker

Some truths are not by reafon to be tried.
But we have fure experience for our guide.

Dryden.

Gui'deless. adj. [from guide.] Having
no guide ; wanting a governour or fuper.
intcndant.

Th' ambitious Swede, like reftlcfs billows tod,
1'hough in his life he blood and ruin bieath'd.
To his now guideleft kingdom peace bequeath'd.

~, r Dryden.

There fierce winds o'er dulky valleys blow,
Whofe every puffbcars empty (hades away.
Which guide/efs in thofe dark dominions flrsy.

Drydir.

Gur'DER. n.f. [from guide.] DireiSor ;
regulator; guide. Obfolete,

Out guider come ! to the Romancamp conduft ti..

Tx. r ' Sijaifp.

That perfon, that being provoked by excelfivc
pain, thruft his dagger into his body, and thereby,
inftead of reaching his vitals, opened an impoft-
huine, the unknown caufe of all his pain, and fo
dabbed himfelf into pcrfeO healih and eafe, furrly
had great reafon to acknowledge chance for his chi-
rurgeon, and Providence for the guider of his hand.

GUI' DON. n. /. [French.] A ftandlrd'.!
bearer ; a ffandard. Obfolete.

GUILD, n.f. [5ili>pp, Saxon, a fellow-
fhip, a corporation. J A fociety; a cor-
poration ; a fraternity or company, com-
bined together by orders and laws made
among themfelves by their prince's li-
cence. Hence the common word gild
or guildhall proceeds, being a fraternity
or commonalty of men gathered into
one combination, fupporting their com-
mon charge by mutual contribution.

Com)e!,
TowaiJs three or four o'clock
Look for the news that the gir/Vif hall aflFords.

Slialejf. Rich. III.
In woolen cloth it appears, by thofe ancient g«;A/i
that were fetiled in England for this m unilatlutc,
that this kingdom greatly flourilhe d in that art.

llule*s Origin af AJankindt
As when the long-car'd milky mothciv. wait
At foine fick mifcr's trifle bolted gate.
For their defrauded abfcni fjals ihcy make
A moan (b loud, that all the jz/iVj'awake. Pope.
GUILE. K. f, [guille, gille old French,
the fame withtWc.] Deceitful rmining ;
iniidious artifice; mifchievous fLbtiltv.

Witk

G U I

With fawning words he courted her awWIe,
And loolciiig lovely, and oft lighing fore,
Herconftint heart did court with divers gui/f j
But words and look;, and fighs flie did abhor.

SfcHjtr.

When 1 have moft need to employ a friend,
Deep, hollow, treacherous, and luU ofgui/e.
Be he to me ! This do I beg of hcav'n.
When 1 am cold in zeal to you or yours. Shikejf.

We may, with more fucccfsful hope lefolve
To wage by force or gailc eternal war. MUioit.

Nor thou bis malice and falfc ^wVe contemn :
Subtile he needs mull be who could feduce
j^„g(l3_ Milton's Paradift Lyt.

Gui'leful. a/ij. [guile znd/ull.]

1. Wily; jnfidious; mifchievoufly artful.

The way not to be inveigled by them that are fo
guUr/u/ through (kill, is thoroughly to be mftrudlcd
111 that which miketh Ikilful .igiinft guile.

rhotfr.

Without eipence at all.
By MiWW fair words, peace may be obtain'd.
' " Sbakeff. Henry VI .

He (ivthisguiuful 1&.
By Eve, though all unweeting, feconded
Upon her huftand . M:/tc>t-i ParaJi/t I.oJ.

The guiUfttl phantort now forfook the Ihrowd,
And flew fublime, and vanilh'd in a cloud.

Uryden's Mn.

2. Treacherous ; fecretly mifchievous.

1 train'd thy brethren to that guileful hole.
Where the dead corps of Bafliai.us lay. Siakeff.

Gui'lefully. aJ-v. [irom guileful .] In-
fidioufly ; treacheroufly.
To whom the Ktavx^r guilefully rsply'd.

Milton.

Gui'leful NESS. »./; [from^«*/a/.] Se-
cret treachery ; tricking cunning.

Gui'tELESS. adj. \hom. guile.] Free from
deceit ; void of infidioufncfs ; fimply
honeft.

Gui'ler. »• /• [ffoi" S"'^^- ^^^ ^'^-
cuiLE.] One that betrays into danger
by inlidious praftices.

But he was wary wife in all his way.
And well perceived his deceitful (Icisht;
Nc fulfeted lult his fafety to betray ;
Sogoodly did beguile the guihrot the prey.

Sp;»fir.

GUII/r. »./. [jilr, Saxon, originally lig-
nified the fine or mulft paid for an offence,
and afterwards the offence itfelf. J
I. The ftaie of a man juflly charged with a
crime ; the contrary to innocence.

It was neither guilt ol crime, nor reafon of ftate,
that could (juencn the envy that was upon the king
for this execution. B.ncu'i Hemy Vll.

When thcfe two are taken away, the polfihility ot
guilt, and the podibility of innocence, what rcllraint
tan the belictof tie creed lay upon any man.

ilainHtond on Fundamentals,

a. A, crime ; an offence.
, ; C'.ofe pent up guilts

■ Ri»e your concealing continents, and a(k
' Thafe dreadful lummoners grace. Slaie/f.

Gui'ltily aJ-u. [from guilty.] Without
innocence; without clearnefs of con-
fcience.

Bloody and guilty ; guiltily awake.
And io a bloody b.iltle end thy days :
Tmnk on lord H.iilings, and dcfpair, and die.

Hbaieff. RiihAU.

Gui't-TINESS. ». /. [from guilty.] The
ftate of being guilty; wickedncfs ; con-
fcioufnefs of crime.

He thought his Bight rather to proceed of a fearful
tu'iilix'Js than of an humble laithtulnefs. Hidnty.

The laft was 1 that felt thy tjTanny,
O, in the battle think on Buckingham,
And die in (erreor of thy gmMinrfs. Shjkefp.

I fliould be iuiltier than my4«////«^. tihjtkejj;.

G U I

Gui'ltless. adj. [from guilt.] Inno-
cent ; free from crime.

i am in this commanded to deliver
The noble duke ot Clarence to your hands:
I will not real'on what is meant hereby,
Becaufe I will be guiltUfs of the meaning. Sbakeff.

Many worthy and chafte dames thus.
All guittlefs, meet reproach. Spakefp. Otbtllo ■

Then Ihall the man be guiltlefs from iniquity,
jT.dthis woman (hall bear her iniquity. Num. v. 31.

Thou, who do'ft all thou wiflieft at thy will,
And never willert aught but what is right,
Preferve this guiltlrfs blood tliey feek to fpill;
Thine be my kingdom. Fairfax.

Guililrfs of greatnefs, thus he always pray'd, 7
Nor knew nor wilh'd he that thofc vows he made >
On his own head ihould be at lad repaid. Dryden. J

The teeming eanh ytt guiltlefs of the plough.
And onprovok'd did fruitful llorcs allow. Dryden.

Thou know'ft how guiltlefs firll I met thy Kame,
When love approach'd me under friendlliip's name.

Pope.

Gui'ltlesslv.ci/'^. {itota guiltlefs.] With-
out guilt; innocently.

Gui'lti.essness, tti f. [from guiltlefs.]
Innocence ; freedom from crime.

A good number, trufting to their number more than
to iheir value, and valuing money higher than equity,
felt that guiltleffnefs is not always with eafe op-
prefled. Sidney.

I would not have had any hand in his death, of
whofe gui.tlcjfnefs 1 was better affured than any man
living could bc_. King Cbarlet.

GUI'LTY. adj. [511^15, Saxon, one con-
demned to pay a line for an offence.]

1. Juftly chargeable with a crime; not in-
nocent.

Is there not a ballad of the king and the beggar }
— The world was^*;i^y offuch a ballad fome three
agesfince. Shatefp, Love's Labour L'.fi.

Mark'd you not
How that the guilty kindred of the queen
Look'd pale, when they did hear ol Clarente* death ?

Sbakeff.

We are verily guilty concerning our brother, in
that we faw the anguilh of his foul when he befought
us, and we would not hear. Gen. xlii. 21,

With mortal hatred I puifu'd his life.
Nor he, nor you, ymt guilty of the ftrife ;
Nor I, but as 1 lov'd ; yet all combin'd.
Your beauty and my impotence of mind.

Dryden.

Farewel the ftones
And fhrelhold.j/uVry of my midnight moans.

D'yden.

There is no man, that is knowingly wicked, but is
gn//// to himfelt ; and there is no man that carries
Euilt about him, but he receives a Ring into his foul.
' Tillotfon.

2. Wicked; corrupt.

All the tumults of a guilty world,.
Toil by ungenerous pallion, finks away. Tbomfon.

GUl'NEA. n.f. [from Guinea, a coun-
try in Africa, abounding with gold.]
A gold coin valued at one and twenjy
fiiillings.

By the word gold I mud be underftood to deftgn a
particular piece of matter; that is, the lall guinea
that was coined. Lvcke.

Lad ies, whofe love is conllant as the wind :
Cits, who prefer a guinea to mankind. Toung.

Gul'^iE.^DJlOPPER. n. J', [guinea and drof.]
One who cheats by dropping guineas.

Who now the guineadroffer's bait regards,
Trick'd by the iharpcr's dice, 01 juggler's cards.

Gay.

G u i'n E A u e N, ». /. A fowl, fuppofed to be

of Guinea.
Gui'sjEAPEPPER. n.f. [capficum, Latin.]

A plant. Miller,

Gui'neapic. u.f. A fmall animal with a

pig's fnout, brought, I believe, from

y-frii-a.

G U L

Guise, n.f. [The fame wTlh wj/!-, gttife,
French ; fif a, Saxon, the p or iv being
changed, as is common, into^.]

1 . Manner ; mien ; habit ; caft of beha-
viour.

His own (ire, and mailer of his guife.
Old often tremble at his horrid view. Sfenfir,

Thus women know, and thus they ufe the guifc,
T' enchant the valiant and beguile the wife, fairf.

Lo you ; here (he comes : this is her very guife ;
and, upon my life, fall afleep : obferve her, (land
dofe. Sbakeff .Macbeth .

They fland a horrid front
Of dreadful length, and dazzling arms \n guife
Of warriorsold, with ordcr*d fpearand Ihield,
Awaiting what command their mighty chief
Had to impofe. Milton's Paradife LcJI.,

By their guife
Jullmen they feem, and all their lludy bent
To worfliip God a-right. Milton's Paradife Left.

Back, Ihcpherds, back:
Here be without duck or nod,
Other trippings to be trod.
Of lighter toes and fuch court guife
As Mercury did firft devife. Millet.

Their external Ihapes are notoriouHy accommo-
dated to that law or guife of life that nature has de-
ligned them. Mme.

2. Prartice ; cuftom ; property.

I have drunke wine pall my ufual guife;
Strong wine commands the foolc, and moves the wile.

Chap.

This would not be llept ;
Old guife muft be kept. Benyonfm.

The fwain reply'd, it never was ourguife
To (light the poor, or aught humane dcfpife. Pofe^

3. External appearance; drefs.

When 1 was very young, nothing was fo much talk-
ed of as rickets among children, and confumption>
among young people : after thcfe the fpleen came in
play, and then the fiturvy, which uas the general
complaint, and both were thought to appear in many
various guifes. Temple,

The Hugonots were enf^ed in a civil war, by
the fpecious pretences of fome, who under the guife
of religion, facrificed fo many thoifands lo their
own ambition. Sv.ifl,

Guita'r. n.f. [ghitara, Italian .. guiterre,
French.] A Itringed inftrunient of rau-
Cck.

Sallads and eggs, and lighter fart,.
Tune the Italian fpark's guitar. Prier,

Gui-CH. 1 ».f. [troin ^«/a, Latin.] A
Gu'lchin. J little glutton. Skinner.
Gules, adj. [perhaps from goule, the
throat.] Red: a barbarous term of he*
raldry.

Follow thy drum ;.
With man'sblood paint theground : gules, gulesi
Religious canons, civil laws are cruel ;
Then what Ihould war be ? Sbakejpeare's Timoiti

He whofe fable arms.
Black as his purpofe, did the knight refcmble.
When he laid couched in the ominous horfe.
Hath now his dread and black complexion fmear'd
With heraldry more difmal ; head to foot.
Now he is total gules. Sbaktffeare,

GULF. ti.f. [golfi, Italian.]

1. A bay ; an opening into land.

The Venetian admiral withdrew himfelf farthtr
od' from the iHand Curfu, into the gulf of the
Adriatick. Kntlles.

2. An abyfs ; an unmeafureable depth.

Thence turning back, in filencefoftthey dole.
And brought the heavy coifc with eafy pace

To yawning gulpb of deep Avernus' hole. Sfenf,

I know ihoud'il rather
Follow thine enemy in a fiery gulply,
Than flatter him in a bower. Shakejpeare.

This is the gulf through which VirgiPs Alefto
(hoots herftif into hell; the fall of waters, the \vood3
that cncompafs it, are all in the deftription. Addif.

The fea could not be much narrower than it is.
Without a great lofs fo the world ; and mull we now

I have an Oicau of mere flats And (hallows, to the
utter

G U L

utter rjin of mvigation, for fear our htiit fiiould
turn giddy at the imagination of gaping abyfles and
uiifaihomable gu/Jj f Bintley.

J. A whirlpool, a fucking eddy.

finaland bis approa*;hes makes as fierce
As waters to the fuckinr 'I' a gulf. Shakrfp.

^. Any thing infatiable, as the mouth or
ftomach.

Scull of dragon, tooth of wolf,
Witchei mummy ; maw and gulf
Of the ravening fait fca {hark ;
Root of hemlock, digg'd i' th' dark. Shakrfp.

Gu'l t Y, adj. [from gulf.\ Full of gulfs or
whirlpools ; iiorticojus.

Rivets arifei whether thou be the fon
Of utmort Tweed, or Oofe, ot gulfyV)<m. Milton.

At their native realms the Creeks arriv'd,
All who the war of ten long years furviv'd.
And fcap'd the perils of the gvlfy main. Pope.

High o'er a gulfy fe» the Pharian ifle
Fronts the deep roar of difemboguiug>iile. Pcf<.
Ta GULL. ij. a. [guilUr, to cheat, old
French.] To trick : to cheat ; to defraud ;
to deceive.

If 1 do not gull him into a nay word, and make
him a common recreation, do not think I have wit
enough to lie ftraight in my bed, Sbakiffmrt.

Yet love thefe forc'ries did remove, and move
Thee to gull thine own mother for my lovk Dannt.

He would have gull'd him with a trick.
But Mart wai too too politick. Hudibras.

They are not to be gull'd twice with the fame
Irick. I.'EJraxgf.

The Roman people were grofsly gulled twice or
thrice over, and as often cnflaved in one century,
ad under the fame pretence of rt'-rmation. Drydm.

By their defigning leaders taught.
The vulgar, gull'd into ttbellion, arm'd. Drydtn.

For this advantage age from youth has won.
As not to be out-ridden, though out-rvn i
By fortune he was now to Venus trin'd.
And with Hern Mars in Capricorn was join'd :
Of him difpofing in his own abode.
He footh'd the joddefs, while he guli'd the god.

DiydtH.

Gull. »./. [from the verb,]

1. [Mergus.^ A fea-bird.

2. A cheat ; a fraud ; a trick.

I (hould think this a gull, but that the while-
hcardcd fcllo'v fpeaks it. Sbakrffrart' i Muth Ado.

Either they have thefe cicellencies they are praifed
for, or they hate not ; if they have not, 'tie an ap-
parent cheat and gull, Go-vernment of the Tongue.

3. A ftupid animal ; one eafily cheated.

' Being fed by us you us'd us h,
Jis that ungentle gull, the cucknw bird,
Ufeth the fparrow. Shakrfp. Henry IV.

Why have you fufftr'd me to be imprifoo'd.
Kept in a dark houfe, vilited by the prielt.
And made the mod notorious geek and gull
That e'er invention plaid on ? Shak. Ttvrtfib Night.

That paltry ftory is untrue.
And forg'd to cheat fuch guilt as you. lludibrat.
Gu'llcatcher. n./. [gull znA catch.] A
cheat ; a man of trick ; one who catches
filly people.

Here comes my noble guUeatchir. Sbakrfpeari.

GuLLER. n.J. [from gull.] A cheat; an
impoftor.

Gu'li,ery. a./, [from ^«//.] Cheat; im-
pofture. AinJ^wjrlh,

Gu'llet. n.f. [goulil, French; gula, Lat.]

I . '1 he throat ; the paffage through which
the food palles; the meat-pipe; the oefo-
phagU3.

It might be his dooii]«
One day to fiog

With gullet in firing. Denbam.

Many have the gullet or feeding channel which
have no lungs or windpipes; as filhes which have
gills, whereby the heart is refrigerated; for fuch
thereof as have lungs and refpiration are not with-
out whiiUOBi M whalci and cetaceous animals.

Brtfuu't yulg. Err.

SUM

2. A fmall ftream or lake. Not in ufe.

Nature has various tender mufclcs plac'J,
By which the artful gullet is embrac'd. Ehickmore.

The liquor in the Itomach is a compound of thjt
which isfeparated from its inward coat, the fpittlc
which is fwa'.lowed, and the liquor which dillils
from the gullet. Arbut'or.Qt .

The F.uxine fea and the Mediterranean, fmall gu!-
lels, if compared with the ocean. tl,y!yn.

To Gu'lly. -j. n. [corrupted from^.rj/f.J

To run with noife.
Gu'llyhole. n.f. [from ^fft/yt and io/?.]

The hole where the gutters empty them-

felves in the fubterraneous fewer.
Gu'losity. ». /. [^7//t/;</, Latin.] Gree-

dinefs; gluttony; voracity.
They are very temperate, ftldom offending in

ebricty, not erring in guloftty^ or fuperfluity of meats.

To Gulp. 'v. a. [gvlfen, Dutch.] To fwal-
low eagerly ; to fuck dowa without in-
termifiion.

He loofens the filh, gulpt it down, and fo foon as
ever the morfel wugone wipes his mouth. L'EJlr.

1 fee the double ttaggon charge their hand ;
See them puff off the froth, and gulp amain,
Whila with dry tongue I lick my lips in vain. Gay.

Gulp, n, f. [from the verb] As mach as
can be fwallowcd at once.

In deep fufpirations we take more Urge gulps of
air to cool our heart, overcharged witli love and
forrow. More.

As oft as he can catch a gulf of air.
And peep above the feai, he names the fair. Dryd.
GUM. »./. [gti.'nma, Latin.]

1. A vegetable fubftance diftering from a
refin, in being more vifcid and lefs friable,
and generally dilfolving in aqueous men-
ftruums; whereas i^fins, being more ful-
phurous, require a fpirituous diflblvent.

One whofe eyes.
Albeit unufed to the melting mood,
Drtjpp'd tears as fall as the Arabian trees
Their medicinal gum. Sbakeffeare's Oibelh.

He ripens fpices, fruit, and precious gum.
Which iroia remoteil region, hither come. Haulier.

Her maiden train.
Who bore the veils that holy rites requiK,
Incenfc, and od'rous gums, and cover'd tire. Dryden.

2. [Eoma, Saxon; gumme, Dutch.] The
flelliy covering that inverts and contains
the teeth.

The babe that milks me,
I'd pluck my nipple from his bonelefsfsmx. Shak.

Sh' unt»nfts a wire, and from her gums
A fct of teeth completely comes. Smift.

To Gum. "v. a. [from the noon.] To clofe
with gum ; to fmear with gum.

The eyelids are apt to hegummrj together with a

vifcous humour, lyifeman's Surgery.

Gu'mminess. n. /. [from gummy.] The

Hate of being gummy ; accumulation of

gum.

The tendons are involved wiih a great gumminefs
and coUeiSion of matter. infeman's Surgery.

Gumma's IT Y. n./.\itomgummous.'] The
nature of gum ; gumminefs.

Sugar and honey make windy liquours, and the
elallick fermenting particles are detained by their
\nniic gummo/ily. Fhyer.

Gu'mmous. aiij, [from^»««.] Of the na-
ture of gum.

Obfervailons concerning Englilh amber, and re-
lations about the amber of I'ruflia, prove that amber
IS not a gummous or refinous fubitance drawn out of
trees by the fun's heat, but a natural foffil.

If^oodviard.

Gu'mmy. at/J. [from^«OT.]
1. Confifting ol gum; ot the n^ure of
gum.

GUN

From the utmoft end of the head branches there

iffueih out ag«»:«yi juice, which hangeth downward

like a cord. Raleigh.

Vor all the gummy Horn Arabia yields. Dryden.

How each arifing alder now appears.

And o'er the Po diliiis her gummy tears. Diyden.

z. Produftive of gum.

The clouds
Tine the flant lightnings; whofe thwart flame driv'»

down,
Kindles the gumny bark of fir and pine. Miltot.
3. Overgrown with gum.

The yuwning youth, fcarce half awake, eflkj*
His lazy limbs and dozy head to raife;
Then rubs hii gummy eyes, and fcruhs his pate.

Dryden,

GUN. »,/ [Of this word there is no fa-
tisfaftory etymology. M/ . Lye obferve*
that_fa» in Iceland fignifics battle; but
when guns came into ufe we had no com-
merce with Iceland. May not gun come
by gradual corruption from cdune, ganne,
guime? Canne is the original of cannon.^
'ilie general name for fire-arms ; the in-
ftrument from which (hot is difcharged
by fire.

Thefe dread curfes, like the fun 'gainit glafs.
Or like an overcharged ^««, recoil
And turn upon thyfelf. Sbaiefprarf't Henry W,
The Emperor, fmiling, faid that never Emperor
was yet (lain with a^an. Knolles's Hijlory.

The bullet flying, makes xht gun recoil. Cleawl...
In vain the dart or glitt'ring I'word we (huo.
Condemn 'd to perilh by the flaught'ring gun.

Granville,

Gu'nnel. n.f. [corrupted (tam gunwale.

See Gu nwale.]
Gu'nner. n.f. [frotn^fx*.] Cannonier;

he whofe employment is to manage the

artillery in a mip.

The nimble gunner
With lynftock now the devililh cannon touches,
And down goes all before him, Shakrfp. Henry V.
'I'hey ilcw the principal gunners, and carried away
their artillery. Hayward.

Gu'nnery, it.f. [(torn gunner.] The fciencc
of artillery ; the art of managing cannon.

Gu'npowder. n.f, [gunanA poivder.] The
powder put into guns to be fired, Itcon-
fifts of about fifteen parts of nitre, three
parts of fulphur, and two of charcoaL
The proportions are not exai.1Iy kept.

Cunpntvder confiftelh of three ingredients, falf.

petre, (mall-coal, and brimftone. Brovin' s Vulg. £rr.

Burning by gunpo-wjer frequently happens at fea.

If'ifemaii,

Gu'nshot. n.f. [gun znd J^ct,] The teach
or range of a gun; the fpace to which a
(hot can be thrown.

Thofc who are come over to the royal party ai*
fuppofed to be out of gunji^'it. Dryden.

Gu'xsHOT. adj. Made by the fliot of a
gun.

The fymptoms I have tranflated to gvnjhot

wounds. Ilifeman.

Gu'nsmith. v.y. [gimSinAfmith,] A man

whofe trade is to make guns.
It is of particular cfteem with Aq gttnfmitbs for

(locks. Mart.

Gu'nstick. n. /, [^tin and fich] The

rammer ; or ftick with which the charge

is driven into a gun.

Ev'n a gunfiick flying into fame. Sieiiart.

Gu'nstock. n,f. [gun and fiocL] Xl'C
wood to which tlie barrel of the gun is
fixed.

The timber is ufcd for bows, pullies, fcrews, mills,
and gumfiodt. Atirliiker's Hi(fbandry,

\ Gu'it-

G U S

Gu'nstonk. n. /. [gwi aniJloHf.] The
fhot of cannon. They ufed formerly to
ftioot Hones frpm ariillcry,

Tell thtjleafant prince, this mock of hij
Hith lurn'd his ball iagmfl-Mtt, and hn foul
Shall ftand fore chirjeJ lot the waftclul venccanct:
That Ihjll fly with th«tr. Sb.<k.fp. il^rji V.

Gu'nwale, or Gunnel o^ a Ship, v.f.
That piece of timber which reaches on
either fide of the (hip from the half deck
to the fore-caftle, being the uppermoft
bend which finilheth upper works of the
hull in that part, and wherein they put
the ftanchions which fupport the wallc
tree ; and this is called r\\.t ^uiwale , whe-
ther there be guns in the (liip or no ; and
the lower part of any port, where any
ordnance are, is alfo termed the gun-walc.

Harru.

■GuRGK. n.f. [gurgft, Latin.] Whirlpool;

gulf.

Marching frotn Eden he thall find
The plain, wherein a Wack bituminojs gurg^t
Boih out from under gr.'Uiid. Milion's far. hoji.

Gu'rgion. ?.'./. The coarfer part of the

meal, fifted from the bran.
yoGu'RGLE, 'V. n. {gurgoglinrr, Italian.]

To fall or gulh with noife, as water from

a bottle.

Then when a fountain's gurgling waters play.
They ruft) to laud, and end in feafts the day. Poft.

Pure gurgling rills tjie lomly defert trace,
And wafte iheir mufick on the f»vaM race. Touitg.

Gu'rnard. \n./. [giurnal, French.] , A
Gu'rnet. J kind of fea fi(h.

If I be not alham'd of my folditrs I am a fowc'd

titrnet t I liavemifus'd the King's prefs damnably.

* Sbakt/f. Henry V.

To Gush. v. n. [|-a/?f.'(?»,_Dutch.J

1. To flow or rum out with violence; not

to fpring in a fmall ftream, but in a larger

body.

A fea of blood gujh'd from the gapmg wound.
That her gay garments ftain'd with filthy gore.

Sfenjcr.

The covering of this abyfs was broken afundcr,
and the water gujhed out ihat made the deluge.

Burntt.

Inceffint ftreams of thin magnetick rayt
Cujh from their fountains with impetuous force.
In eillier pole, then take an aJvtrfe ccutfe.

Blackmore,

On cither hand the gujhing waters play.
And down the rough cafcade white dafning fall.

^bomf(ln.

z. To emit in a copious effluxion.

The gaping wound g"fl>'d out a crixfon flood.

Dry den.

Line after line my gujhing eyes o'crflow,

lei through a fad variety of wee. rcfe.

Gush. ». /• [from the verb.] An cmiffion

of liqueur in a large quantity at once;

the liquour fo emitted.

U a lung-vein be burflcd, generally at the firft
cough a great gujh of blood is coughed up. Harvry.

Gu'sstT. »./. {goi'ffit. French.] Any thing
fewcd on to cloth in order to ftrengthen

it. T • 1

GUST. »./. \go"ft^ French; gnjius, Latin.]

1. Senfe of tailing.

Dcftroy all creatures for thv fport oigujl.
Yet cry, if roan's unhappy, God'mnjuft.

Pifr.

2, Height of perception ; height of fcnfual
enjoyment.

'fhey fondly thinking to allay
Their appetite with gufi, inftead of fruit
Cliew'J b Iter alhes, which th' offetidcJ tafte
• Wiih ffaitcring noife rejeflcd. Milm.

GUT

Wliere 1o\t is dutv on the female fide,
O.i theirs meer fcnfual ^a/?, and fought with fuily
pride. D'yden't Failri.

My fight, and fmell, and hearing were employ'd.
And all three fenfes in full g^J cnjoy'd. Dryden.

}. Love; liking.

To kill, I gram, is fin's extremeft £»/ ; _
But, in defence, by mercy 'tis made jull. Sbakefp.

f)Id age Ihall do the work of taking away both
ihtga/l and comfort of ihein. VEjirange,

We liave loU, in a great meafure the guft and
relilh of true happinefs. Tithlf-m.

4. Turn of fancy ; intelleftual tafte

The principal part of painting is to find what
nature has made moll proper to this ait, and a
choice of it may be made according to the gufl and
manner of the ancients. Drydcn.

5. [Ftomgufter, Iflandick.] A fudden vio-
lent blaft of wind.

She led calm Henry, though he were a king.
As doth a fail, fill'd with a fretting g/'T?,
Command an argofie to ftem the waves. Sbakr/f,

You may as well forbid the mountain pines
To wag their high tops, and to make a noife.
When they arc fretted with the gujs of hcav'n.

Sbakffp,
Prcfently come forth fwarms and volleys 0! libels,
which are ihi g«J}s of liberty of fpeech rdlrained.

B^ccn'iHtnryWX.
As when fierce northern blafts liom ih' Alps
defcend.
From his firm roots with ftruggling gujls to rend
An aged fturdy oak. Dtnbam.

Part (lay lor paflage, 'till a^»y? of wind
Shipt o'er their forces in a (hmiiig ftieet. Dryjcti.

Pardon a weak diilempct'd foul, that fwells
With fudden gujiiy and finks as foon in calms.
The fport of palfions. Mdifin's Cato.

6. It is written in Spinftr vitioufly iotjufiu
fports.

For jolly knight he feem'd, and fair did fit.
As one for knightly gi'Jii and fierce encounters fit.

a^enJiT}',

Gu'sTABLE. adj, [g"Jlo, Latin.]

1. To be tailed.
Tliis pofition informs us of a vulgar errour, ter-
ming the gall bitter; whereas there is nothing g////,!-
iU fwecter. tUriry.

2 . Pleafant to the tafte.

Kgujiabh thing, feen or fmelt, excites the ap-
petite, and affeds the glands and parts of the mouth.

Dtrham.

Gusta'tion. »./. [f«/7», Latin.] The ad
of tafting.

The gullet and conveying parts partake of the
nerves oi gujlathn, or appertaining unto fapor.

I^ri,iun.

Gd'stful. adj. [guji ahifuil.] Taft;eful ;
well-tafted.

What he defaults from fome dry infipid fin, is
but to make up for fome other more gujifut.

Decay of tiety.

GUSTO, n,f. [Italian.]

1 . The relifti ot any thing ; the power by
which any thing excites fenfations in the

palate.
Pleafant gujios gratify the appetite of the luxurious.

Deibam,

2. Intelledual tafte ; liking.
In reading what 1 have written, let them bring

no particular g«/fo along with them. Drydtn.

Gu'sTY.fl/^'. [from^/y/.j Stormy; tempef-
tuous.

Once upon a raw and gujly day,
The troubled Tyber chafing with his (hores.

Shaiiefp.Jnl.CfJ.
Ot whirl'd tcmpefhious by the gujiy wind.

GUT. n.f. [itttteh. German.]
. The long pipe reaching with many con-
volutions from the ftomach to the vent.

This lord wears his wit in his belly, and Uisgw/J
in his head. Shakr/^. TnUut and Orjida.

GUT

A vial (hould have a lay of wlre-ftrings bclov,
clofe to the belly, aud then the firings of jk"
mounted upon a bridge, that by this means tlw
upper firings ftricken ftioald make the lower relbimd'.
B^eon'i Nunn al Hijlcy.
The inteftines or guit may be inflimcd by any
acrid or poifoiious fubltance taken inwardly.

/ /}} iulby.ot an Diet.

2. The ftomach ; the ra<!eptacle of food :
proverbially.

And cramm'd them till their guts did ike,
With cawdle, cuftard, and plum-c*ke. HuMrat.
' With falfe weights their fervi it; ga.i they cheat.
And pinch their own to cover the deceit. Diyien,

3. Gluttony; loveof gorhianditing.
Apicius, thou didll on thy guli bellow

Full ninety millions j yet, when tl.is v.-a5 fpcnl.
Ten millions ftill rcmain'd to thcej wl-.ich thou,'
Fearing to fuficr thirft and familhment.
In poifon'd potion drank'll. HakcjAllon Provid,
To Gut. 1; a. [from the noun.]

1. To evifcerate ; to draw ; to exenterate.

I'he fiOicrmep f:!ve the moil part of their fifh :
fome arc gulled, fpliltcd, powdcicd, and dried.

Carnv't Conrwall.

2, To plunder of contents.

In Nero'-, arbitrary time.
When virtue was a guilt, and wealth a crime,
A '.roop of cut-tiiroat guards were fent to fcize
' The rich men's goods, and gar their palaces. DryJ.
Tom Brown of facetious memory, having gutted
a proper name of its vowels, ufed it as freely as he
pleafed. Addifm.

Gu'ttathd. adj. [from gutta, Latin, a
drop.] Eerprinkled with drops; be-
dropped. DUI,

Gu'tter. ». /. [from guttur, a throat,
Latin.]

1 . A paffage for water ; a paCage made by
water.

Thefe gutter tiles are in length ten inches and a
half. Moxvn.

Rocks rife one above anotlier, and hive deep gut-
ters woxa in the fides of them by torrents of rain. ■
Ad Si J on on Italy,

2. A fmall longitudinal hollow.
To Gu'tter. rj. a. [from the noun.] To

cut in fmall hollows.
Tempclls themfelves, high feas, and howling
winds,
1\\t gutter' d xocVi, and congregated fands,
Traitors enftecp'J to clog iheguiltlefs keci.
As having lenfc of beauty, do omit
Their mortal natures, letting fate go by
The divine Dcfderoona. Shakijf. Otbelh.

My checks are gjr/.vr'i/ with my fretung tears.

Sandys.
Firft in a place, by nature clofe, they build
A narrow flooring, ga/rcr'./, wail'd, and til'd

Dryden.

To Gu'ttle. -v. n. [fromgw/.] To feed
luxurjoufly; to gormandife. A lo*
word.

His jolly brother, oppofite in fenfe,
Laughs at his thrift! and, lavifh 01 expencc,
QuaBs, crams, aiidgir//.'i j m his own defence.

Di^en,
To Gu'ttle. -v. a. [from^rrf.] To Aval-
low. A low word.

The fool did fpit in his porridge, to try if they'd
hifs: they did not hifs, and l"o he gttitled ihcm up,
and fcalded his chops. L'EHrange,

Gu'ttler. ».y; [from^«/<'.] A greedy

cater,
Gu'rrui.ous. ndj. [from ^////a/n, Latin.]
In the form of a fmall drop.

Ice is plain upon the furface of the water, but round

in hail, which is alfo a glaciation, and figured in its

gultulous iekcal from the air. Brrtvit's Vulg. Err.

GU'TTURAL. adj. [gutturalis, Latin.]

Pronounced with the throat; belonging

to the throat.

Th«

G V B

• " Tlie Hclrewj have affigned which letten «fe la-

. kial, which dental, and wliich^K/oru/. Batcir.

In attempting to pronounce the nafals, and fome

of the vowels fpiritally, the throat is brought to

labour, and makes" that which we call a guttural

pronunciation. ' Hc/Jcr,

Gu'ttur ALNESS. ♦. / [from guttural.]

The quality of Jjeing guttural.

Gu'twort. «./. [^»/ and tDort.] An herb.

Guy. n.f. \irom guide. 1 A rope ufed to

lift any thing into the fhip. Skinner.

fsGu'zzLE. "v. n, {ixomgut, ot guji, to

gtittle ot gujllt.'] To gormandife ; to feed

immoderately ; to fwallow suiy liquour

greedily.

Well feafon' J bowls the goflip's fpirits raife.
Who while flic gt«a/a chats the doctor's pnife.

Rufcommon.

They fell to lapping and gitxxititg, till they buift

themfelves. VEJiturgt.

No more her care Ihall Gil the hollow tray.
To fat the guxx/ixg hogs with floods of whey. Gaji.

To Gu'zzLE. 1). a. To fwallow with im-
moderate guft.

The Pylian king
Was longeft liv'd of any two-legg'd thing.
Still guakii»g muft of wine. Dryjtrt.

Gu'zzLER. n.f, [itom guixle.] A gorman-

difer ; an immoderate eater or drinker.
Gybe. a./. [See Gibe.] Afneer; atannt;
a farcafm.

Ready iu gyi'i, (juick-arfwer'd, faucy, and as
quarrellous as the wcazel. Sbakefpeare^s Cymbetlnc.

To Gybe. tj. n. I'o fneer ; to taunt.

The vulgar yield an open ear,
AimI common couitien love to^M^nd fleer. Sftnfer.

G Y R

GTMNA'sTICALLY.flifo. [frOm/_^W;/fl/f;Vl.]

Athletically ; fitly for ftrong exercife.

Such as with agility and vigour are not gymttajli-
cally compofcd, nor aaively u(e thofe parts. Bmin.
GYMNA'STICK. adj. [vt;^w.x«« ; g_ym-
nq/fii^r/e, Fr.] Pertaining to athletick exer-
cife ; confifting of leaping; wreftling,
running, throwing the dart, or quoit.

The Cretans wifely forbid their fervants g^m»<7-

Jiicit as well as arms ; and yet your modem iootmen

exercife themfelves daily, wliilft their enervated lords

are foftly lolling in their chariots. yirbuthr.ct.

GY'MNtCK, adj. [yufAttixci ; gymnique. Fr.]

Such as prailice the athletick or gym-

naftick exercifes.

Have tliey not fword- players, and ev'ry fort
0( gymxick artifts, wrelUcts, riden, runners >

Milton,
Gymnospe'rmous. adj. [yJ/.!.*©- and

irxfffiju.'] Having the feeds naked.
Gy'necoCRACV. n.f. ['/vtutxcx^aTta ; gjne-
cocratie, Fr.] Petticoat government; fe-
male power.
Gyka'tion. ». /. \gyro, Latin.] Thfe aft
of turning any thmg about.

This effluvium attenuatcth and impelleth the
neighbour air, which, returning home m a gj""-
tion carrieth with it the obvious bodies into the
eleflrick. Bmvn.

If a burning coal be nimbly moved round in a circle
with gyratiarts^ continually repeated, tlie whole cir-
cle will appear like fire ; the reafon of which is, that
the fenfation of the coal in the feveral places of that
circle remains imprefled on the fcnforium, until the
coal return again lo the fame place. Nevton.

Gtre. «. /. [gyrus Latiiu] A circle de-

G Y,V

fcribed by any thing moving In aa
orbit.

Ne thenceforth his approved (kill toward,
Orflrike, or hurlen found in warlike ^_>i«,

Remember'd lie j ne car'd for his fale guard.
But rudely lag'd. Sfei^tr^

Does the wild haggard tow'r into the (ky,
And to the Soiitli by thy dircftion fly ?
Of eagle in her gyrts the clouds embrace ? SaxJjt^

He falhion'd thofe harmonious orbs, that roll
In reftlefs gyra about the Artick pole. SaniySt

Quick and more quick he fpins in giddy gynt.
Then falls, and in much foam his foul expires.

Dryden.
Gy'red. ffli^'. Falling in rings.

Hamlet, with his doublet all unbrac'di
No hat upon his head, his (lockings loofe
Ungartei- d, and down gyred to his ankle. Shaiefp,

Gvvfs. ». /. [gevyn, Wellh.j Fetters i
chains for the legs.

The villains match wide betwixt the legs, as if
they had gy^'i' on. Sbakejfeare.

And knowing this, (hould I yet (lay,
Like lucli as blow away their lives.
And never will redeem a day,
Enamour'd of their golden gyves ? Ben yonjhn»

The poor prilbners boldly ftarting np, break off
their chains and gyves. Knolles.

Gyrvs and the mill had tam'd tliee. Millox,

But Telamon rulh'd in, and hap'd to meet
A rifing root, that held his faftcn'd feet ;
So down he fell, whom fprawling on the ground.
His brother from the wooden gyves unbound. Dryd,

To Gyve. ii. a. [frow the noun.] To fet-
ter ; to (hackle ; enchain ; to enfnare.

Witli as little a web as this, will I enfnare as great
A fly as Ciflio. Ay, frailc upon her, do. 1 will
gyve the: ia thine own courcHiip, Shake/f.

H

H A

His in Englifh, as in other languages,
a note of afpiration, founded only
by a ftrong emilTion of the breath,
vithont any conformation of the organs
of fpcech, and is therefore by many gram-
marians accounted no letter. The b in
Englilh is fcarcely ever mute at the begin-
ning of a word, or where it immediately
precedes a vowel ; as hou/e, behaviour :
where it is followed by a confonant it
has no found, according to the prefent
pronunciation , but anciently, as now in
Scotland, it made the fyllaule guttural ;
as right, bought.
Ha, interjed. [ha, Latin.]
I. An expreflion of wonder, farprife, fud-
dcn queftion or fudden exertion.

You (hall look fairer ere I give ot hazard :
What fays the golden chcft ? in ' let me fee. Sh.ik.
Ha ! what art thou ! (bou horrid hcadlefs trunk !
It ti my Haflingt I Rwt'i jfii/tf Shift.

Vol. 1.

H A B

2. An e^tpredion of laughter. Ufed with
reduplication.

He faith among the trumpets ha, bat ^nd he
fmelleth the battle afar ofT. yob. xxxix, 25.

Ha, ha, 'tis what fo long I wiih'd and vow'd )
Our plots and dclufions
Have wTought fuch confafions.
That the monarch's a (Ure to the crown. Dryden.

Haak. n.f. A fi(h.

HA'HF.AS CORPUS. [Latin.] A writ, the
which, a man indiiteJ of fome trcfpafs,
being laid in prifon for the fame, may
have out of the King's Bench, thereby to
remove himfelf thither at his own coft,
and to anfwer the caufe there. Coicil.

Haefrda'sher. n.f. [This word is in-
gcnioudy deduced by Minjhewn from habt
ihr dnfs, German, liaue you thii, the ex-
preflion of a (hopkeepcr offering iiis waies
to fale.] One who fclW fmull waret ; a
pedlar.

H A B

Becaufe thefc cunning mcnve\\\c.thaberjaj»ff!'
ofl'mall wares, it is not amifs to fet forth theii^(hopJ

Baron.

A baberdajher, who was the oracle of the colTee-
houfe, declared his opinion. AdJffon,

H a'b E R D I N E , «./. A dried fait cod. Ainf,
Ha'beroeon. «. /. \haubergeon, French {

halbergium, Jow Lat.] Armour to cover

the neck andi breaft ; breaft-platc ; neck-

piece ; gorget.
And hilbcri lomc, and fome a habergion ;

So every one in arras was quickly dight. Falrfaif,
The thot let fly, and grazing

Upon his Ihoiilder, in the palling,

Lodg'd in Magnano's brals babergeon. HuJiltVt.

Habi'liment. «./. [habiliment, French.}
Drefs ; clothes ; garment.

He the talrelTUna found.
Strange lady, in fo ilrange babilimenis.
Teaching the fatyres. Fairy ^ueen.

My riclies are thefc poor habiliments.
Of which if you (hould here disfurnilh roc,
You4ake the lust and fubftmcethat 1 hare, ShaK
5 Y The

H A B

The cltrgy (houU content thcinfelvtiwith-Wtirtoj 1
(owni and other haiilimiirit of lirilh drapery. Svii/t.

T« HABI'LITATE. -v. n. [baUliUr.YxJ]
To qualify ; to entitle. Not in ufe.

Divers perfonj in the houfe of commonj were at-
tainted, and thereby not legal, nor habilitate to ferve
in parlianKnr, being difabled in the higheft degree.

Bacon.

Habilita'tion. n. /. [from habilitate.'^
Qualification.

The things are but baiiUlatlfnii towards arms ;
and what is babililaiiiti, without intention and i& f

B,:con.

Habi'lity. »./. [AaW///, French.] fa-
culty ; power : now ability.
Ha'bit. »./. {habitus, 'Lzt\n.'\

1. State of any thing : as habit of body.

2. Drefs ; accoutrement ; garment.

I niilted
Into a madman's rags, t'afTumc a remblance
The very dogs difdain'd ; and in this babil
Met 1 my father. Sbakrfp. King Lear.

If you have any juftice, any pity ;
If ye be any thing but churchmen's balils. Shakefp.

Both the poets being drelTcd in the lame Engliih
hatil, ftory compared with ftory, judgment may be
made betwixt them. Drydea.

The fcencs are old, the hab!u are the fame
We wore Ull year. Dryden.

Changes there are in veins of wit, like thofe of
iabiis, or other modes. Temple.

There are among the (latucs feveral of Venus, in
differeni id^//j. Addifon on Italy.

The clergy are the only fet of men who wear a
dinindt babll from others. ' Swl/i.

3. Habit is a power or ability in man of do-
ing any thing, when it has been acquired
by frequent doing the fame thing. Lode.

He hath a better bad babit of frowning than the
count Palatine. Sbakefp.

4. Cuftom ; inveterate ufe.

The lall fatal ftep is, by frequent rtpetition of
ihe tinful a£l, to continue and pcrfiil in it, 'till at
length it fettles into a hxed contirmed habit of fin ;
which being that which the apoltle calls the hnilhing
of fin, ends certainly in death ; death not only as to
merit, but alio as to actual infiidion. Souli.

No civil broils have fince his death arofc.
But fadion now by babit does obey ;

And wani have that refpeiS for his repofe,
As winds for halcyons when they breed at fca. Dryd.

The force of education is fo great, that we may
mould the minds and manners of the young into what
fhape we plcafe, and give the imprelBons of fuch
babiti as (hall ever afterwards remain. Atterbury.

TV Ha'bit. f. a. [from the nonn.] lo
drefs ; to accoutre ; to array.

Prefent yourfclf and your fairprincefs
Bcfnre Leontes :

She (hall be habited as it becomes

The partner of your bed. Shakeff. fFinter's Talc.

Having cahcd to his memory Sir George ViUieis,

and the doathes he ufed to wear, in which at that

lime he fccmcd to be habited, he thought him to be

that perfon. Clarendon.

They babitfd themfclvcs like thofe rural deities

and imitated tliem in their ruftick dances. Dryden.

HA'Bl 1 ABLE. adj. [habilaile, Fr. hobitn-

bilis, Lat. j Capable of being dwelt in ;

capable of fuftaining human creatures.

By means of onr folitary (ituation, we know well

moH part of the habitable world, and arc ourfelves

■ unknown. - haccn.

That was her torrid and inflaming time ;

This is her babi'.able tropique clime. Donne.

The torrid zone is now found habitable. Coivlry.

^ Look round the habitable world, how few

Know their own good, or knowing it purfue. Dryd.
Ha'bit A B I, r NESS. u.f. [from habitable.']
Capacity of being dwelt in.

The cutting of ihc KquinoAlal line decides that
contro\erry of the babitablenefi of the torrid zone,
Tliofc ancitat problems of the fpherical reundnefs

3

H A B

of the earthi the being of antipodes, »nd of the'
habilablenefi of the torrid zone, arc abundantly de-
monftratcd. f^'y.

Ha'bitance. w./ [*a^Va/;o, Lat.] Dwel-
ling ; abode.

What art thou, man, if man at all thou art,
That here in defart haft thine habitance f

And thefe rich heaps of wealth do'fV hide apart
Fronvthe world's eye, and from her right ufance.

Spenfer'l t'ui y S^ueen.
Ha'bitant. 71./. [habitant, Fr. habitans,
Lati^i.] Dweller; one that lives in any
placi; inhabitant.

Not to earth are thofe bright luminaries
Officious ; but to the earth's habitant. Milton.

Powers celeftial to each other's view
Stand ftiU confeft, though diltant far they lie,
Or habitants of earth, or fea, or Iky. fofe.

Habita'tion. n.f. [habitation, French;

hahitalio, Latin.]
I. The ftate of a place receiving dwellers.

Amplitude almoft immenfe, with liars
Numerous, and every ftar perhaps a world
Ofde(tin'di(i<ii//.i/M». Milton.

1, Aft of inhabiting; ftate of dwelling.

Palaces,
For want of habitation and rirpair,
Diflblve to heaps of ruins. Denham.

Rocks and mountains, which in the firft ages
were high and craggy, and confequcntly then incon-
venient for habitation, were by continual deterration
biought to a lowerpitch. Woodward.

3. Place of abode ; dwelling.

Wifdom, to the end ihe anight fave many, built
her houfe of that nature which is common unto all ;
Ihe made not this or Uiat man her habitation, but
dwelt in us. Hooker.

God oft defcends to vifit men
Unfcen, and through lhe\t habitations walks
To mark their doings. Milton

HABITATOR. n.f. [Latin.] Dweller;

inhabitant.
The fun's prefence is more continued unto the

northern inhabitants; and the longeftday in Cancer

is longer unto us than that in CapricoriL unto the

fouthern habitators. Brown.

Habi'tual. atij. [habitael, from habit,

Fr.] Cuftomary; accuftomed; inveterate;

eftabli(hed by frequent repetition. It is

ufed for both good and ill.

Sin, there in pow'r before
Once a£lu3l ; now in body, and to dwell
Habitual hMunt. Milton.

Art IS properly an ^d^/ijya/ knowledge of certain
rules and maxims. South.

By length of time
The fcurf is worn away of each committed crime :
No fpeck is left of their habitual ftains ;
But the pure ether of the loul remains. Dryden.

'I'is impofiibic to become an able artift, without
making your art habitual to you, Dryden.

Habi'tuallv. e.t/v. [from habitual.] Cuf-
tomariiy ; by habit.

Internal graces and qualities of mind fanflifyour
natures, and render us habituallyho\y. Atterbury.

To Habi'tuate. "V. a. [hahiti/er, Fr.] To
accuftora ; to ufe one's felf by frequent
repetition ; with lo.

Men ate tirft corrupted by bad counfel and com-
pany, and next they habituate themlclves lo their vi-
cious practices. Tilhtjin.
Such as live in a rarer air are habituated to the
exercife of a greater mufcular ftrength. Arbutbnot,
H A 'b 1 T u D E . n.J'. [habit ado, Lat. babit ude,

French.]
I. Relation; refpcft j ftate with regard to
fomething elfe.

We cannot conclude this complexion of nations
from the vicinity or habitude they hold unto the fun.

Broivn.

The will of God is like a ftreight unalterable rule ;
but the varioui comfonmcuu of Uie cr(<ituie, citlicr

H A C

Ihwirling this rule, or holding conformity to it, ee»
cafions feveral habitudes of this rule unto it. Hate,

Itrefults from the very nature of things, asthef
ftaad in fuch a certain habitude, or relatioa to on*
another. South,

As by the objective part of perfeQ happinefs we
underftand that which is bcft and laft, and lo whicb
all other things are to be referred, fo by the formal
part mult be undcrllood the beft and laft habitude of
man toward that beft object. Ntrrii,

In all the habitudes of life.
The friend, the mifttefs, and the wifei
Variety we ftiU purfue. Dryden,

z. Familiarity j converfe ; frequent intcr-
courfe.

His knowledge in the nobleft ufcful art>>
Was fuch dead authors could not give ;
But habitudes with thofe who live. Dryden,

To write well, one muft iuvc frequent habltudet-
with the beft company.

3. Long cuftom ; habit ; inveterate ufe.
This IS more properly habit.

Mankind is willing to continue in a plcafing error,,
ftrengthened by a long habitude. Dryden,

Thy ear, inured to charitable founds.
And pitying love, muft feel the hateful wounds
Of jell obfccne, and vulgar ribaldry.
The ill-bred queftion, and the leud reply,-
Brougbt by long habitude from bad to worfe :
Muft hear the frequent oath, the direful curie.

Vrior,

4. The power of doiug any thing acquired
by frequent repetition.

It is impolfible to gain an exa£t hatUude, without
an infinite nnmber of a£h and' perpetual praAice.

Drydtn,

Ha'bnab. adj, [hap ne hap, or nap; a$
•utictuld, 7:otild, or ne 'would; 'will nill, or ne
luill; that is, let it happen or not.] At
random ; at the mercy of chaace ; with-
out any rule or certainty of effeft.

He circles draws, and fquares,
With cyphers, aftral charaflers.
Then looks *em o'er to underftand 'em,
Although fet down babnab at random. Hudibrar,

To HACK. <i;. a. [haccan, Saxon ; hachn,
Dutch; hacher,l!i. from acaj^c, an axe»
Saxon.]

1. To cut into fmall pieces; to chop; to
cut nightly with frequent blows; to,
mangle with unlkilful blows. It bears
commonly fomc notion of contempt or
malignity.

He put on that armour, whereof there was noon*
piece wanting, though backed in fome places, be-
wraying fomc fight not long fincc paftird. Sidney.

What a flave art thou, to hack thy fword as thou
haft done, and fay it was in fight I Shakefp.

Richard the Second here vtis bisck'd to ieith.

Sbakf^

I'll fight 'till from my benes my fiefti be hackt.

Shakefp.

One fleurlfhing branch of his moft royal root
Is hackt down, and his fummer leaves all laded.
By envy's hand, and murder's bloody .ixc. ShakeJJ>.

Burn me, hack me, hew me into pieces. Dryden,

Not the hack'd helmet, nor the dnfty field.
But Purple \*ells, and flow'ry garlands picafe. Addif,

But fate with butchers plac'd thy prieftly ftall, ,
Meek modern faith to murder, hack and mawl. .

Pope.

2. To fpeak unreadily, or with hcfitation.

Difarm them, and let them queftion ; let them
keep their limbs whole, and /)jriour£nglilh. Shak.

Ja HACK. 11. n To hacliney; to turn
hackney or proftitute. Hanmer,

Ha'ckle. ». /, Raw filk ; any flimfy fub-
ftance unfpun.

Take the oari/^ of a cock or capon's neck, or a
plover's top : take off one fide of the feather, and
than take the hackle filk, gold or lilver thread, ani
make thefe faft at thi bent of the hook. Il-alton.

TiHA'CKLE, -v. a. To drefs flax.

UA'cK,K£y.

^m A G

Ha'ckwiT. tl,f, [^<7i-ifwa/,Wel(h ; hatieiifje,
Teutonick ; haquenee, French. J

I. A pacing horre.

I . A hired horfe; hired horfes being nfually
taught to pace, or recommended as good
pacers.

Light and lewd perfoas were as eafily fuhorned to
malce an affidavit for money, as poft-horfes and ha!:k-
neys are taken to hire. Bacon.

Who, mounted on a broom, the nag,
And hackney of a Lapland hag,
1.1 quell of you came hither polt. HnJliras.

|. An hireling; a prottitute.
Three kingdoms rung
With his accumulative and hackney tongue, Rufc.

That is no more than every lover
Does tor his hackney lady fufler. Huidhra:.

Shall each fpurgall'd hackney of the day,
Or each new penfioti'd fycophant, pretend
To break my windows. Pspe.

.fi Any thing let out for hire.

A wit can ftudy in the ftreets;
Not quite fo well, however, as one ought;
A hackney coach may chance to fpoil a thought.

Pafe.

J. Muchufed; common.

Thefe notions young ftudents in pbyfick derive

from their hackney authors. Hatvey.

To Hacknev. v. a. [from the noun. J

To prafiife in one thing; to accuftom, as

to the road.

He is long hacktuy'Jm the way, of men. Slak.

Ha/cqueton. n.f. [hajuet, old French, a

little horfe.] Some piece of armoar.

You may fee the »ery falhion of the Irilh horfe-
•lan in his long hofe, riding ftioes of coftly cordwain,
hit bacjuelon, and his habergeon. Spenfir.

Had. 'I he preterite and part. ^^S.aiha've.
I had better, you had better, &c. means
the fame as, // luouldte better for me oryou;
Ot it -would be more eligible: it is always
ufed potentially, not indicatively : nor is
hirve ever ufed to that import. We fay
likewife, it had been better or tvr/e,

I had rather be a country fervant maid.
Than a queen with this condition. Sbakefp.

Had we not better leave this Uiica,
To arm Nuraidia in our caufe > AJdifan'i Caio

Ha'ddock. n.J.\hadct, Fr.] A fea fifti
of the cod kind, but fmaJJ.

The coaft is plentifully ftored with pilchards,
herrings, and haddnckt. Carenu,

Haft. »./. [J3xj:r, Saxon; ieft, Dutch,
from To have or hold.] A handle ; that
part of any inftrument that is taken into
the hand.

This brandiih'd dagger
I'll bury to the haft in her fair breaft. Dryien.

Thefe eitremii.es of the joints are the haft, and
handles of the members. Drydrn'i Onfrefnoy.

A needleu a fimple body, being only made of litel;
but a fword is acompound, becaufe its hafa\ handle
is made of materials ditfereni from the blade. Watti,

To Haft. T. as [from the noun.] To fet
in a haft. Ainfixjonh.

HAG. n.j. [Jj^jep-e. a goblin, Saxon;
heckU, a witch, Dutch.]

*. A fiiry; a ITie-monfter.

11 ^*'"' /'"''* "*"' '""?•"'="' prince, and made a paufe :
HirfoulArf^,rais-d their heads, anddapt their hands:

And all the powers of hell, in full applaufe,
Flounlh'd their fnak.., and toft their flaming brands.

. . , , Crajhav;,

Z. A witch ; an cnchantrefs.

Out of my door, you witch! yo\x iar, vou ba<
^ge, youpoulcat, youruan-- -. . .

3. An old ugly woman

ithakt//,.

Such affeaations may become the young;
But ihou, old hag, of ihreefcore years and three.
Is Biewiog of thy pa/u in Cre«k for t)i«e? Drjjen

>T A G

To Has. v. n. [from the noun.] To tor-
ment ; to harafs with vain teri-our.
That makes them in the dark fee vifions,
And kag thcnifclves with appanciors. HudHras.
How are fupcrftitious vatn'hag^ed oul of their
wits with the fancy of omens, tales, and vifians!

h'FJIrangi,

Ha CARD. adj. \hagard, French.]

1. Wild; untamed; irreclaimable.

As haggard hawk, prefuming to contend
With hardy fowl above his able might.

His weary pounces all in vain doth foend,
To trufs the prey too heavy for his flight. Fairy £^

She's too difdainful;
I know her fpirils are as coy and wild.
As hagard as the rock. Sljjke/f,.

2. [Hager, German.] Lean; rugged; per-
haps, iigly. To this fenfe I have put the
following paffage ; for the author ought
to have written hagard.

A haf^ed cM\an of a wolt, and » jolly fort of dog,
with good flelh upon's back, fell into company toge-
'^"- L'EJIrangf.

3. Deformed with paffion ; wildly difor-
dered.

Fearful befidcs of what in fight had pafs'd.
His hands and kagard eyes to heav'n he caft.

F>ryden.
Where are the confcious looks, the face now pale.
Now flulhing red, the dowii-call tagard eyes.
Or fixt on earth, or flowly rais'd ! Smith.

Haggard, n.f.
I. Any thing wild or irrclaimable.

I will be married to a wealthy widow,
Ere three days pafs, which has as long lov'd me
A» I hare tov'd this proud difdainful haggard.

. i- • i- Hhakeff.

t, A fpecics of hawk.

Docs the wild haggard low'r info the flcy,
And to the South by thy direaion riy ? Sandys.

1 enlarge my diftourfe to the obleryation of the
aires, tlie brandier, the ramilh hawk, and the h.ir.
«•"•''• IValmn.

3. A hag. So Garth has ufed it for want
of underftanding it.

Beneath the gloomy covert of an yew.
In a dark grot, the baleful iaggard ]iy,
Breathing black vengeance, and infecting day.

J. , Garth.

Haggardly. flA;. [(torn haggard.] De-
formedly; uglily.

For her the rich Arabia fweats her gum ;
And precious oils from diftant Indies come.
How haggardly foe'er (he looks at home. Drydtn.
Ha'cgess. n.f. ffrom^_f othack.] A mafs
of meat, generally porli chopped, and in-
clofed in a membrane. In Scotland it is
commonly made in a Iheep's maw of the
entrails of the fame animal, cut fraall,
with fuct and fpices.
Ha'cgish. adj. [(torn hag.] Of the na-
ture of a hag; deformed; horrid.

But on us both did ta^ijb age fteal on.
And wore us out of afl. Shakefn

To HA'GGLE. 1: a. [corrupted from hackle
or ha<k.] To cut ; to chop ; to maneie •
always in a bad fenfe.

Suffolk firft died, and York all haggled o'tr
Comes to him where in gore he lay inlteep'd. Shak

To Ha'ggle. 1: H. To be tedious in a bar-
gain ; to be long in coming to the price,
HA'cGLtR, n.f \ixQm haggle.]

1. One that cuts.

2. One that is tardy in bargaining.
HA'ciOGRArH ER. «. /. [«y,®. and yei&o,.^

A holy writer. "^

The Jews divide the Holy Scriptures of the Old
Teftament into the Uw, the prophets, and the hati-
ograpbii r, *

H A I

IT AH. kietjea. An expreffion of fuddcti
effort.

Her coats tuck'd up, and all her motions juft,
bhe ilamps, and tlien cries hah! at ev'ry thrull.

HAIL. «,/ [ha3el, Saxon.] Drops of'raia
frozen in their falling. Lode.

Thunder raii'd with hail,
Hor/mii'd mthfirc, muft rend tK' Egyptian Iky.
y- J- Milton.

■JotiAiL. i>. w. To pour down hail.

My people fliall dwell in a peaceable liabitatioB
when a (hall haJi, coming down on the fored.

,, If. xxxii. ig.

Haii. ijtterjea. [hoci, health, Saxon: hail.
thei;efore. is the fame as fal-ve of the
Latins, or iJyiaiVi of the Greeks, health be
to yoii.] A term of falutation now ufed
only in poetry; health be to you. It
is ufed likewife to things inanimate.

Haii, bail, brave friend !
Say to the king the knowledge of the broil. Sbak.

Her fick head is bound about with clouds :
It does not look as it would have a hail.
Or health wilh'd in it, as on other morns.

Thean^elAa;/ "' ■'

Beftow'd, the holy falutation us'd
Long after to blell Mary, (ccond Eve. Miltim.

Farewell, happy tields,
Where joy for ever dwells! Aa// horrors! hail
Infernal world ! and thou profoundell hell
Receive thy new polTeabr ! Milton'.

hWliail, he cry'd, thy country's grace and love j'
Once firll of men beJow, now fiifl of birds above.

„ ., , - . , Drydeit.

Hail to the fun ! from wliofe returning light
The cheerful foldier's arms new lullre take. Rnue.

To Hail. -v. a. [from the noun.] To fa-
lute ; to call to.

A galley drawing near unto the fhorc, was bailed
by a Turk, accompanied with a troop of horfemen.

_, . Knollei.

Thrice call upon my name, thrice beatyourbrealJ,
And hail me thrice to everlafting reft. Dryden,^

Ha'ilshot. n.f. [hail dxid fiat. I' Small
(hot fcattered like hail.

The mafter of the artillery did vi(it them (harply
with murdering hailjhci, from the pieces mounted
towards the top of the hill. Hay-ward.

Ha'ilstone. »./. [^a/7and^«fff.j A par-
ticle or fingle ball of hail.

^ You are no furer, no,
Than is the coal of lire upon the ice,
Or hailjione in the fun. Shakeff.

Hard bailftmes lie not thicker on the plain.
Nor Ihaken oaks fuch (how'rs of acorns rain.
rv / ,. r/- Drydert,

Ha'ily. adj. [from hail.] Confifting of
hail.

From whofe dark womb a rattling tempeft pours.
Which the cold North congeals to haily Ihowers.

HAIR, n.f [haj,n, Saxon.] °^'

I. One of the common teguments of the
body. It is to be found upon all the
parts of the body, except the foles of
the feet and palms of the hands. When
we examine the hairs with a microfcope,
we find that they have each a round bul-
bous root, which lies pretty dccn in the
flcin, and which draws their nourilhment
from the furrounding humours : that
each hair confiits of five or fix others,
wrapt up in a common tegument or tube.
They grow as the nails do, each part near
the root thrufting forward that which
is immediately above it, and not by any
liquour running along the hair in tubes,
as plants grow. ^lincy.

H A L

My «c«c of wooUy Ulr uocurls. Sbale/p.

Shill the differenct of ij'> only, on the (km, be

a mjrk of » diffcrent iiiternil conftitution between

a changeling md. drill? ^"^'■■

2. A fingle hair.

N»ughtylady,
Thefe *«;>» which thou do'ft ravifli from my chin.
Will quicken and accufe thee. SbahfJ^re.

Much is breeding;
-Which, like the coutfer'j heir, hath yet !>«''».
And not a ferpenfs poifon. Siiatr/p.

3. Any thing proverbially fmall.

If thou tak'ft mot«
Or lefs than jull a pound ; if the fcale turn
But in the ellimatJon of a bair, -, , ,

Thoudicft. , . . . , Sbakt/l>

lit judges to a iair of liltk indecencies, and
knows better than any man what is net to be written.

Dryacn.

4. Courfe; order; grain; the hair falling
in a certain diredion

He i*» a curcr of fouls, and vou a curer of bodies :
if you Ihould fight, you go againft the «J/> of your
protelTion. ^^^. ^ «*"*#•

Ha'irbrained. aJJ. [This ftiould rather
be written harebrained, unconftant, un-

. fettled, wild as a bare.] Wild; irre-
gular ; unfteady. ,.,.,,
tefs leave this town ; for they art baitbram d

llavei.
And hunger will enforce them be mote eager.

" Shaieff.

Ha'irbreaotH. n.f. {hair vCiMreaiith.\

A very fmall diftance ; the diameter of a

Seven hundred chofen men left-handed could lling
ftones at an bahhrtitdtb, and not mifs

Juig. XI. 16.
1 fpokc of moll difaftrous chances.
Of moving accidents by 6ood and field ;
Of hairhrradtb 'fcapes in ih' imminent deadly
breach. •^*''*- ,

Ha'irbel. a./. The name of a flower;
the hyacinth.

Ha'islcloth. n.f. [^fl/>and <-A//a] Stuff
made of hair, very rough and prickly,
worn fometimes in mortification.

It it compofed of reeds and pans of plants v.o«n
together, like a piece of ifl'Vr/i'*. Ctiv.

Hairla'ce. n. J. {hair and lace^^ The
fillet with which women tie op their hair.
Some worms arc commonly refcmblcd to a wo-
man's bairlace or fillet, thence called tenia.

Harvty.
If Molly happens to be carelefs,
And but negleCfs to warm her IjairUce,
She gets a cold as fure as death. S-mifi.

Ha'iuless. adj. [from hair.] Wanting

White beards havt arm'd thei_r thin and bairU/s

fcalps pf , ,

Againft thy majeffy. Sbckefpe^rf.

IIai'riness. ». / [from hairy]_ The
ftafc of being covered with hair, or
• abounding with hair.
Ha'iRY. adj. [from hair.'\

1. Overgrown with hair; covered with
hair. .

She his hairy temples then had rounded
With coronet of flowers. Sbair/p.

Children are not hairy, for that their (kins arc
more perfpirable. _ Baron.

2. Confiflingof hair.

Storms have (hed
From vines the hairy honours of their head.

Drydfu.

Hake. «. A Akindoffifh.

Tlie coa(i is (lored with mackrel and bate.

Cjrfw,

Ha'kot. «. /. [from haie.} A kind of

iifh, Ainjiaorth.

Hal, in local names, is derived Ukc«/

HAL

from the Saxon })ealle, i. *• a hall, a
palace. In Gothick «lh fignifies a tem-
ple, or any other famous building.

Gihf Cam^tn.

HA'LBERD. «./ \haUharde, French; halle-

barde, Dutch, from barde, an axe, and

hale, a court, halberds being the common

weapons of guards.] A battle-axe fixed

to a long pole.

Advance thy W*«-(/ higher than my brea(t.

Shttte/f.

Our balierds did (hut up hi^ paffage. Shahjf.

Four tnavcs in garbs fuccinO, a trufty band
Caps on their heads, and kalbrrds in their hand.
Draw forth to combat on the velvet plain. l''>{>i.
Ha'lberdier. V. f. [hiilberditr, Freiich
from halberd.'] One who is armed with a
halberd.

T!:c duchefs appointed him a guard of thirty

balbirdters, in a livery of murrey and blue, to aiten i

h:s p<-rron. , , " *-»«"

The king had only hisio/if riffrr, and fewer ot

them than ufed to go with him. dartuJwt.

Ha'lcyon. «./. [halrjo, Latin.] A bird,

of which it is faid that (he breeds in the

fea, and that there is always a calm

during her incubation.

Such fmiling rogues, as thefc, footh ev'ry paffion,
Bring oil to tire, fnow to their colder moods;
Rrnege, affirm, and turn their ^a/o 5" '«*''* ,
With ev'ry gale and vary of their mailers. Sh.ii.

.\m'drt our arms as quiet you fliall be.
As /ja/tyons brooding on a Winter fea. DryJui.

Ha'lcyon. adj. [from the noun.] Placid;
quiet; ftill; peaceful.

When great Auguftus made war's tempeft ceafe,
H« balc\m days brought forth the aru of peace.

■^ Denham.

No man can etpea eternal ferenity and halcyM

days from fo incompetent and partial a caufe, as

the conftant courfe of the fun in the cquinoftial

circle. '^'■•'■'h--

UxLt. adj. [This (hould rather be written
,/>«//, from *.£■/, health.] Healthy ; found;
hearty ; well complexioned.

My feely flieep like well below.
For they been ba/e enough 1 trow,
And liken their abode. 5/>««/fr.

Some of thefe wifcpartizans concluded the govern-
ment had hired Iwo or three hundred bale men, to
be pinioned, if not eiecuted, as the pretended cap-
tives. , ., ^"i/"--

His ftomach too begins to (ail ;
Lad year wc thought him ftrong and bale
But now he's quite another thing :
1 wi(h he may hold oat 'till Spring. Swjfi.

To HaI-E. -v. a. [haleti, Dutch; haler,
French.] To drag by force; to pull
violently and rudely.

Fly to your houfe ;
The plebeians have got your fellow tribune,
And hale him op and down. Sbalctff.

My third comfort,
Starr'd mod unluckily, is from my brealV,
Ual'd out to murder. Sbjh/fi.

Give diligence that thou maycft be delivered
from him, left he /Wf thee to the judge. Lulce.

He by the neck hath ial'd, in pieces cut,
.^nd fet me as a mark on every butt. Sandys.

Thiilier by harpy-footeJ furies bal'd.
At certain revolutions, all the damn'd
Are brough-. ^W"f •

This finiftrous gravity ii drawn that way by the
great artery, which then fubfidcth, and balrib the
heart unto it. .. Brc-!^„.

Who would not be difguftcd with any recrea-
tion, in itfelf indifferent, if he (hould with blows
be h.iled to it when he had no mind ? Locke.

In all the tumults at Rome, though (he people
proceeded fometimes to pull and hale one another
about, yet no blood was drawn 'till the lime of the
C.acchi. ^'^■'•f<-

HAL

Ha'ler. «./. [from Afl/f.] He who pulls

and hales.
HALF. V. f. plural halves. [)3ealp. Sax.

and all the Teutonkk dialcfts. The /

is often not founded.]
I. A moiety; one part of two; an equal

part.

An balfim of land. 1 '^a- 1'"- '4-

Many might go to heaven with half the labour
they go to he'll, if they would venture their induftry
the right way. *'« Jo'/'M-

Well chofen friendlhip, the mo(V noble
Of virtues all our joys makes double.
And into balvei divides our trouble. Denbam,

Or what but riches is there known
Which man can felely call his own ;
In which no creature goes his half,
Unlefs it be to fquint and laugh ? HuJiiras.

No mortal tongue can half the beauty tell;
For none but hands divine could work fo well. Dryd.

Of our manufatture foreign markets took oft" one
half, and the other ba!f\ttxi confumed amongft our-
fclvcs. ^«'^<'-

The council is made up half out of the noble fa-
milies, and half oat of the plebeian. AJJjTon.

Half the mifery of life might be extingulilKd,
would men alleviate the general curfe by mutual
compalTioii. Add if on.

Her beauty in thy fofter Aa//"
Bury'd and lo(V, (he ought <o grieve. Prior.

Natural was it for a prince, who had propofed
to himfelf the empire of the world, not to neglctt
sijcfea, the y6a//" of his dominions. Ajbutb.^-^t.

z. It fometimes has a plural fignificatjon
when a number is divided.

Had the land fekaed of the be(t,
fhlf hii come hence, and let the world provide tl.e
reft. DryJen.

Half. ndi:.

1 . In part ; equally.

I go with love and fortune, two blind guides.
To lead my way ; half lolh, and iii^confenting.

Drydtit.

2. It is much ufed in compofition to fig-
nify a thing imperfeift, as the following
examples will fhow.

Half BLOOD, v./. One not born of the
fame father and mother.

Which (hall be heir of the two male twins, who,
by the diflcdion of the mother, were laid open to
the world ? Whether a filler by the balf.hlooi
(hall inherit befoi* a brother's daughter by the whole-
blood? if'S'i
Haif-blooded. adj. [half and blood.]

Mean; degenerate.

The let alone lies not in your good will.

Nor in thine. Lord.

—Half-bUJcd Icllow, yes. Sbaktffeare.

Half'cap. w./. Cap imperfcdly put off,

or faintly moved.
With certain half caps, and cold moving nods.

They froze me into filcoce. Sbakrfp.

Ha'lfendeal. n.f. [half and bsel, Sax.]

Part. Spenfer,

Half-faced, adj. [half and facd.]

Showing only part of the face; fmall

faced ; m contempt.

Proud incroaching tyranny
Burns with revenging lire, whofe hopeful colours
Advance a balf-facrd fun ftriving to Ihine. Shai,

This fame half-faced fellow, Shadow; give me
this man : he prclcnts no mark 10 the enemy ; thg
foeman may with as great aim level at the edge of a
penknife. ■ Shakefp.

Half-hatched, adj. [half and hatch.]
Imperfeaiv hatched.

Here,' thick as hailftones pour.
Turnips, and httf-halcb'd eggs, a mingled (how'r.
Among the rabble train. G/y-.

Half-heard, adj. Imperfeftly heard ; not

heard to an end.

Not added years on years my U(k could dofe :

Back

HAL

Back fo thy natire iflandi might'ft thou fail,
Atti lave i^l/.lxar J the mt',incbo\y u\e. Pcpe.
Half- MOON. n.f.
I. The moon in its appearance when athalf

increafe or decreafe.
a.. Any thing in the ligu re of a half moon.
Sec how in warlike murterthcy appear,
In ihombs, ar.d wedges, a«d ka{f-mxiis, and wings.

MUimt.
Half-pen-.vy, n.f. -plMttil half-pence, [half

and /fi-v>-.]
I. k copper coin, of which two make a
penny.

Birdolph ftole a lute cafe, bore it twelve leagues,

and fold it for three half. finer. Shaktfftare.

I thank you; and fure dear friend, my thanks

are too dear of a halfpenny. Sbikeffr^re.

He cheats fcr halffemce, and hedolfe his coat
To fave a farthing in a ferryboat. Dryden.

Never admit this pernicious coin, no not fo much
as one Iingic half.ff„r.y. Sxuifi.

2. It has the force of an adjeftive con-
joined with any thing of which it denotes
the price.
There fhall be in England feven balf-peimy loaves
Md for. penny. Shakr/p.

You will wonder how Wood could get his ma-
jeftj's broad feal for fo great a fum oi bad money,
and that the nobility here could not obtjin the
fame favour, and make our own baf. pence as we
uf.dtodo. 5^^,

H A L F-p I K E. », /. [half and ///r.] The
fmall pike carried by officers.

The various ways of paying the falute with the
b^lj.f,kc. y^,/^,._

H AL F-p I N T. «. / [half mi pi„,.\ The
fourth part of a quart.

One b.ilf-pint bottle fcrvcs them both to dine ;
And IS at once their vmegar and wine. Pope.

Half-scholar, w. /. One impcrfcftly
learned.

We have many half.fholart now-a-days, and
there is much conlulion and inconfulcncy in the no-
tions and opinions ol fome pcrfons. lyain.

Half-seas over. A proverbial expreflion
for any one far advanced. It is com-
monly ufedof one half drunk.

I am kdf./eat o'er to death ;
And fince I m-,lt die once, I would be loth
1 o make a doable work of what's hall hnilh'd.

HDrydrn.
ALF-Sichted. adj. [half mi Jifht.]
Seeing imperfcaiy; having weak difcern-
mcnr.

The officer, of the king's houlhold had need be
provided, both for his honour and thrift ; they mult
look both ways, elfe they are but h.ilf.J!gh:eJ.

H Bacon,

ALF-SPHERE. «. /. [half md ff here.]

Hemifphere

HAL

Let night grow blacker with thy plots ; and day.
At (hewing but thv head forth, ftartaway
From this balffphre. £„ y^„.

Half bred ; imperfedi.

1 find I'm but a bj//.Jlra/n'd vWhin yet.
But mungril-mifchievous j for my blood boil'd
To view this brutal ait. D j,„

Half-sword. „./. Clofc light; within half
the length ol a fword,

I am a rogue, if 1 were not ^ half -/■word m\ih
a doien of them two houn together. Shakeft.

Half-way. ad^. [halfmd .^caj.] 1„ the
middle. •'

Fearlef, he fee., who i, with virtue crowr
The tempett rage, and hears the thunder fou
Ever the fame, let fortune fmileor frown
Serenely as he liv'd refigni his breath •
Meets delhny balf.-u,jy, ^nr Ihrink. at death

blockhead ; a fooli/h fcUow.

■o»-n*d, J
found ; >

^^ff-viiltin fleas, fo Utile and fd light.
We fcarce could know they live, but that they bite,

Half.wittkd. adj. [from half-ivif.] ' Im-
perfeftly furiiifhed with underftanding.

I would rather have truftcd the refinement of our

language, as to found, to thejudgement of the women

tlian 01 half..iv!iird poets. Hwift.

Jack had p.ifTcJ lor a poor, well-meaning, hajf-

«vw</, crack-brained fellow: people were llrangely

«7i. '° ''"'' '^''" '" '"""^'' ' '"-""•y- Arbuihnot.
1. \\'Tien half is added to any word noting
perfonal qualities, it commonly notes
contempt.
H a'l I B u T . ». / A fort of fifh. J,;fiv.
Ha LI DOM. ft. f. [hahj &om, holy judg
ment.crhahgandfl'tfm/', forladv.J Our
bleffed lady. In this it fhould he HaliJam.

By my haliHam, quoth he,
Ye a great mailer are in yourdegree. IJubberd

Ha lim ass. »,/. [halts and mafsA The
fcaft of All-fouls. ^

She came adorned hither like fweet May ;
Sent back like balimaf, or flioricll d.iy. .'ibakc/p

Halituous. <7^'. [halii:,s, Lat.] Vapor-
ous ; fumous.

Wc fpeak of the atmofphere as of a peculiar thin

and baliiucus liquor, much lighter than fpirit of

„"'"'• Boyle.

Hall. n.f. fjjal, Saxon; halle, Dutch j

1. Acourtofjuftice; as Weftminfter Hall.

O loft too focn in yonder houfe or b.il/. Pope

2. A manour- houfe fo called, becaufe in it
were held courts for the tenants. .

Cjmtain Sentrv, my marter's nephew, has taken
policffion of the ball houfe, and the whole eftate.
rr\t ... , Addijon.

3. I he publick room of a corporation.

With expedition on thebeadlecall.
To fummon all the company to the hall. Cartb.

\. The firft large room of a houfe,

1 hat light we fee is burning in mj hall. Sbak.
Courtcly is fooncr found in lowly Iheds
With fmoky rafter?, than in lap'ftry halU
And courts ol princes. ,v^,y„„

Halleld';ah.«./. [.H' 6^n] Praife ye
the Lord. A fong of thankfgiving

Then fhall thy faints
Unfained Hallelujahs to Thee (ing.
Hymns ot high praife. Mlli'n

Singing ihofe devotit hymns and heavenly anthems
m which .he church militant feemj ambitious to
emulate the triumphant, and echo back the folemn
praifes and hallelujah, of the celeftial choir,. Hoyle
Ha ;, LOO. mt.rj. [The original of this word
IS controverted : fome imagine it corrupt-
ed from alui, to him! others iwmallom
let us go! and Skinner from haller, to
draw.] A word of encouragement when
dogs are let loofe on their game.

Some popular chief.
More noify than the teft, but crie» WAw,
And, in a Uice, the bellowing herd comes out.

To Ha'lloo. -u. It. [haler, French.! '^ ""'

1. To cry as after the dogs.

A cry more tuneable
Was never balloc'd to, i.or chcer'd with horn. Si.,k.

2. 1 o treat asm contempt.
Couiuiy folks hMm-d ind lioutcd after me .,,

the arrant fl coward that everlhe»ed hii IhouLn
to his enemy. o..

•10 Ma'lloo. f.a. -^

I. To encourage with (houts.

If, wh.lft a boy. Jack ran from fchool,
fond ot his hunting-horn and pole.
Though gout and age his fpeeU detain.
Uld John ballooihii huiinds again. Prior

i. To chafe with Ihouts.

HAL

When we have found the king, he that (irft Vithtt
on him, "

ff^/lo, the other. Shake/p. Ki,,g Lear.

I. Toconfccrate; tomakeholy.

When we fanflify or hallonv churches, it is onI»
to teftify that we make them places of publick re-
fort; that we invert- God himfelf with them, anj
that we fever them from common ufes. Ihcker

t cannot be endured to hear a man profefs that he
/ a'\'%'"' neighbour's houfe, but yet fa

1 I, K '^' '^""""h prayer, that he hopeth it
fhall not burn. jj i

I*. /-"J t ». .. Hooker,

Is Cade that I have Ham, that monftrous traitor t
VAord, I will hallow thee for this thy deed,
And hang thee o'er my tomb, wiien I am dead.

., Sbakefpearct.

My prayers
Are not words duly ballov'd, nor my wifhej
More worth than vanities ; yet pray'rs and wiOies
Are all I can return. Sbakc/p, Henry VI It

God from work
^fow relfing, blefs'd and ballozu'd the feventh da*
As refting on that day from all his works.
But not in filence holy kept. Milim

Then banifli'd faith (hall once again return.
And vcftal fires m hallo-w'd temples burn. Drvden.

No fatyr lurks within this W/iTO'rf' ground '•
But nymphs and heroines, kings and gods abound.
rr- , . Gran-ir.^

z. To reverence as holy; halloaed be thy
name. ' '

Hallucina'tion.«./: Shalludnatio, Lat.T
Errour ; blunder; miftake ; folly.

A wafting of flelh, without caufe, is fiequentlv
termed a bewitching difeafe j but quellionlefs a mere
ballucinaiion oilhe vulgar. Har-jci

This muft have been the ballucinaHonoithc ttan-
fcnbcr, who probably miftook the daih of the I for
* • Addifin.

Halm. n.f. [healm, Saxon.] Straw; pro-
nounced haivm: which fee.
Ha'lo. «./. A red circle round the fun-
or moon.

If the hail be a little flatted, the Pght tranfmit-
led may grow fo ftrong, at a little lels d^ance than
that ot twcnty-f« degrees, as to form a /W-, about
the fun or moon ; which /ai, as often as the hail-
ftones are duly ligurcd, may be coloured. Neioiui
Ifaw by leflenion, in a velfel of llagiiating water",
three A^/i r, crowns or rings of colours about the
fun, like three little rainbows, concentrick to his
''"''J'- Nekton,

Ha'lseninc. adj. {hah, German; hafi
Scottifh, the neclc.J .Soundin ' '

If I f.y, Marciu;,
rialhome like a hare.

j. IVcall orlhout to.

Siaktfp.

---. ,g harihiy;.

inharmonious m the tiiroat or tongue.
iNot in ufe.

ThisisW/ra/V^ horny name hath, as Cornuto
in Italy, opened a gap to the fcofTsof many. Care-w.
Ha lser. ?/,/. [from hal;-, neck, and j-eel,
a rope. It is now in marine pronuncia-
tion corrupted to haivfer.] A rope lefa.
than & cable.

A bcecheii mart then in the hollow bafe
They boifted, and with well-wteath d bal/er: hoift
'rh»Tv>hiKUn,. ■ Chapman,

No bal/eri need to bind thefe velTels here.
Nor bearded anchors f for no (terms they fear.
_. -, Dry den.

To Halt. -j. ». [heal?, Saxon, lame j.

healzan, to iimp.J
I. To limp ; to be lame.

And will flic yet debafc her eyes
On me, that halt and am mil'-lhapen thus ? Sliakt

Thus-iubirn broils the factions would engage,
Or warsofexii'd heirs, orff.reign rage,
'Till hailing vengeance overtook our age. Drydens

Spet:fcrhimfelf allifls ilie ohf .|etc,
And Sidney's vetfe bjlit ill on Rnman feet. Pope,
2. To flop in 1 march.

I was forced to halt m this perpendicular march.

ylddifoH,

i. ToheutatCi to ft wd dubious.

How.

HAM

Maw long halt ye bttweeo two opiniont > i Khgt,
4. To fail ; to faulter.

Here'* a piper written in hi» hand ;

• A hiiliing foniiet of his own pure brain,

Falhion'd to Beilncc. Sbahfp.

All my familuis watched for my balling, faying,

lieradventure he will be enticed, and we Ihall prc%ail

agaiiift liim. Jeremiah.

Halt. «./. [from the verb.] Lame; crip-
pled.

Bring in hither the poor, the maimed, the ia//,
■nd the blind. i-fke.

Halt. »./. [from the verb.]

1. The aiTt of limping; the manner of limp-
ing.

t, \Jlte, French.] A flop in a march.

The heav'uly bands
Down from a iVyof jafpcr lighted now
In Paradife, and on a hill made halt. MiltOH.

Scouts each coaft light armed fcour
£ach quarter to dcfcry ihe diltant foe.

Where lodg'd, or whiiher fled, or if for fight
In motion, or in halt. MUtoi.

Without any halt they marched between the two
•rmies. Clarendon.

Ua'ltik. «./. [from hall.] Hewrholimps.
Ha'lter. ». /. [);ealfzn«. Saxon, from

half, the neck.
J . A rope to hang malefaflors-

He's fled, my lord, and all his pow'rs do yield ;
And humbly thus, with halien on their necks,
Ejpeft your highnefs'doom of life or death. Sbai.

They were to die by the fword if they lUod upon
defence, and by the halU'U they yielded ; where-
fore they made choice to die rather as foldiers than
as dogs. HaywarJ.

Were I a drowfy judge, whofe dlfmal note
Difgorgelh bailers, as a juggler's throat
Doth ribbands. CUavrlanJ.

He gets renown, who, to the halter near,
•But narrowly efcapes, and buys it dear. Dryien.
%. A cord ; a llrong ftring.

Whom neither bailer binds nor burthens charge.

Sandyt,

To Halter, f.*!. [from the noun.] To
bind with a cord ; to catch in a noofe.

He might have employed his time in tlie frivolous
delights of catching moles and haltering frogs.

Allerbury.

To HsLvt.-v.t:. [Uomhal/.halws.] To

divide into parts.
Halves, inlfrj. [from half, hahes he'mg
the plural.] An expreffion by which any
one lays claim to an equal ihare.

Have you not feen how the divided dam
Runs to the fummons of her hungry lamb ?
But when the twin cries balvei, Ihe ijuits the firft.

Cleaveland .

Ham. whether initial or final, is no other
than the Saxon ham, a ho']fe, a farm, or
village. Gihjous Camden.

HAM. n.f. [ham, Saxon; hamme, Dutch,]
\ . The hip ; the hinder part of the articu-
lation of the thigh with the knee.

The ham was much relaxed j but there was fomc
•onlrailion remaining. tt'ijeman.

2. The thigh of a hog falted.

Who has not learn'd, Irelh fturgeon and bam pye
Are no rewards for want and infamy i Pop'-

Ha'mated oJJ. [hamattts, Laun.} Hook-
ed ; fet with hooks.

Tfl Ha'mble. t). w. [ftomham.] To cut
the finews of the thigh ; to hamftring.

H AME. »./^ [hama, t>axon ;] The collar b)'
whicha horfe draws in a waggon.

Ha'mlep. f.J. [ham, Saxon, and let, the
diminutive termination.] A fmall village.

Within the fclf-fame lordlhif, pariih, or hamlei,
iands have divers devices ol valae. JJat^n.

HAM

He pitch'd upon the plain
His mighty camp, and, when the day return'd.
The counlry walled, and the Ajib/<-'i burn 'd. Dryd.

HA'MMEK, »./. [hamen.Saxon^ haniaer,
Danifh.]

1. The inftrumcntconfiftingof a long "han-
dle and heavy head, with which anything
is forged or driven.

The armourers.
With bufy b.immrrt clofing rivets up.
Give dreadful note of preparation. Sbaieffeare.

'Ihe Huff will not work well with a hammer.

Bacon,

It is broken not without many blows, and will

break the bed anvils and hammers of iron. Btoivn.

Every morning he lifcs frelh to his hammer and

his anvil. South.

The fmith prepares hit hammir for the iVroke.

D-yd.Juv.

2. Any thing deftruftive.

That renowned pillar of truth and hammer of
herefies, St. Auguftine. Hakrwill on Providence.

To Ha'mmer. •». a. [from the noun.]

1. To beat with a hammer.

His bones the hammer' d ftecl in ftrenglh furpafs.

Sandys .

2. To forge or form with a hammer.

Some hammer helmets for the fighting field.

Dryden.

Drudg'd like a fmith, and on the anvil beat,
•Till he had hammer' d out a vaft eftate. Dryd.

I muft pay with hammered money inftcad of
milled. Dryden.

3. To work in the mind ; to contrive by
intelleftual labour: ufed commonly in
contempt.

Wilt thou ftill be hammering treachery.
To humble down thy hulband and thyfelf ? Sbak.

He was nobody that could not Aaarw^r out of his
name an invcntidn by this witchcraft, and pirture it
it accordingly. Camden.

Some fpirits, by whom they were (lirred and guided
in the name of the people, hammered up the arti-
cles. Uayward.
To Ha'mmer.t. n.
I. To work ; to be bufy ; in contempt.

Nor need'ft thou much importune me to that.
Whereon this month I have been hammering. Shak,

I liave been ftudying how to compare
This prifon where 1 live unto the world ;
And, for becaufe the world is populous.
And here is not a creature but mylclf,
I cannot do it ; yet 1*11 hammer on't. Sbakefp.

1. To be in agitation.

Vengeance is in my heart, death in my hand ;
Blood and revenge are hammering in my head.

Sbakefpeare.

Ha'.mmerer.«. /. \{tom hammer.] He

who works with a hammer.
Ha'mmerhar.d. n. f. [hammer and harJ. ]
Hammerhard is when you harden iron or ftecl
with much hammering on it. Moxon.

Ha'mmock. a. /. [hamaca, Saxon.] A
fwinging bed.

Prince Maurice of Naffau, who had been accuf-
tomed to hammocks, ufed them all his life.

Temple.

Hamper, it. /. [Suppofed hy Mi/ijhr^ to
be contrafted from hand panier ; but
hanaperium appears to have been a word
long in ufe, whence hanaper, hamper,] A
large balket for carriage.

What powder'd wigs I what flames and darts !
What hampers full of bleeding hcaris I Sivlfi.

To Ha'mper. -v. a. [Ihe original of this
word, in its prefent meaning, is uncer-
tain : Junius obfcrves that hamplyns in
Teutonick is a quarrel: others imagine
that hamper or hanaper, being the trca-
fury to which fines arc paid, to kam^r,

HAN

wliich is commonly applied to the la*,
means originally to fine.]

1. To (hackle ; to entangle, as in chains or
nets.

O loofe this frame, this knot of man untie I
That my free foul may ufe her wing,

Winch is now pinion'd with mortality,
As ail eniangl'd, bamptr'd thing. Herbert,

We (hall tind fuch engines to affail.
And hamper thee, as thou Ihalt come of force. Milli

What was it but a lion hampered in a net !

^^~~ L'EJlrange,

Wear under vizard-malks theirtalents.
And mother wits before their gallants ;
Until they're bamper'd in the noofc.
Too fart to dream ol breaking loofe. Hadiirat.

They hamper and entangle our fouls, and hinder
their flight upwards. _ _ Tiltr}!ftn.

2. To enfnare ; to inveigle ; to catch witli
allurements.

She'll hamper thee, and dandle thee like a baby.

Sbakeff.

y To complicate ; to tangle.

Engend'ting heals, thefeonc by one unbind,
Streich their fmall tubes, and bamper'd nerves un-
wind. Blackm.

4. To perplex; to embarrafs by many lets
and troubles.

And when ih' are hamper' J hj the laws,
Releafe the lab'rers tor the caufc. Hndiirm.

Ha'mstrinc. n.f. [ham znijh-ing. The
tendon of the ham.

A player, whofeconceit
Lies in his hamjlring, Joih think it rich
To hear the wooden dialogue, and found
'I'wixt his ftretch'd footing and the fcalibldage.

Shake/p.

On the hinder fide it is guarded with the twa

btmjirings. IViJem,

To Ha'mstrinc. 1;. a. preter and part.
pair, hamjirung. [from the noun.] To
lame by cutting the tendon of the ham.

Hamfiring'd behind, unhappy Gyges dy'd j
Then Phalaris is added to his fide. Dryden.

Han for Aaxr, in the plural. Obfolete.

Spenfer.

Ha'naper. ». f. [hanaperium, low Latin.]
A treafury ; an exchequer. The clerk of
the /lizffa/f receives the fees due to the
king for the feal of charters and patents.

The fines for all original writs were wont to be
immediately paid into the hanaper of the Chancery.

Bacom,

Ha'nces. »./. [In a (hip.] Falls of the
fife-rails placed onbannifters on the poop
and quarter-deck down the gang way.

Har.
Ha'nces. [In architedure.] The ends
of elliptical arches ; and thefe are the
arches of fmaller circles than the fcheme,
or middle part of the arch. Harris,

The fwcep of the arch will not contain abo\'«
fourteen inches, and perhaps you muft cement pieces
to many of the courfes in the lance, to make them
long enough to contain fourteen inches. Moxob.

HAND. u./. [hanb, honb, Saxon, and in
all the Tcutonick dialefts.]

1. The palm with the fingers; the member
with which we hold or ufe any inftru-
ment.

They hid bands upon him, and bound him band
and foot. Kntlles't Hijlo'y if the Turks.

They band in band, w'xth wandering Itepsard flow.
Through Eden took their loliiary way. Milton.

That wonderful inftrument the hand, was it made
to be idle ? Berkley.

2. Meafure of four inches ; a mcafure ufed
in the matches of horfes ; a palm.
Side, right or left.

For the other fide of the court gate an this band,

and

HAN

and Ihjt band, were hangings of ififtecn cukiii.

Ex'jJ. uxviik 15

HAN

4. Part; quarter; fide.

It is allowed on all bandi, that the people of
England are more corrupt in their morals than any
other nation this day unir the fun. Sivift.

J. Ready payment *ith refpeft to the re-
ceiver.

Of which offci the bafli acccpled, receiving in

AW one year's tribute. Knaltet's Hijlory.

Thefe two muft make our duty very cafy; a con-

(Uerab'e reward in band, and the aflurance of a far

greater recompence hereafter. Tiltot/on.

i. Ready payment with regard to the prayer.

Let not the waaesof any maa tarry with thee, but

give it him out of bund. -Tq/,. iv. i^.

7. Rate; price.

Time is the meafurc of bufmefs; money of wares :
bufinefs is bought at a dear baxd, where there is
fmall difpatch. _ Bmo;!.

S. Terms ; conditions ; rate.

With fi.-nplicity admire and accept the myHery^
but at no bmd by pride, ignorance, intereft, or va-
nity wieft it 10 ignoble fenfcs. TijiU,', H'trthy Com.

It is cither an ill fi;n or an ill clfcct, and" there
fore at no bunJ confident w.'tli humility. Tuylar.

9. Aft; deed; external aftijn.
TIiou faweft the cootradidUon between mv heart

and band. iUng Cbar/es.

10. Laboar; aft of the hand.
Alnafthar was a very idie fellow, that never would

fet his band to any bufioeli during hit lather's life.

AJitif-m.

I rather fnfpefl my own judgment than 1 can b -

lieve a fault 10 be in thit poem, which lay fo long I

iwider Virgil's correflion, and had his lart band put

«»"• . Addijln.

11. Performance.

Where are thefe porterj,
Thefe lazyknavcs! Y 'ave made a hnei*«i/'" fellows,
There's a trim rabble let in Sbakcfp.

12. Power of performance.
He had a great mind to try his band at a Spec-
tator, and would fain have one of his writing in my
*»■■'"• Additm.

A friend of mine bai a very fine hand on the
»>o''"- AdJiJan.

13. Attempt; undertaking.

Out of them you dare take in bmrd- to lay open
the original of fuch a nation. Sfenfir m Irriand.
J4. Manner of gathering or taking.

As htr Majcrty haih received great protit, fo m^y
flie, by a moderate band, from time to lime reap the

15. WorkmaniTiip; power oraftof manu-
fafturing or making.

An intelligent being, coming out of the bandt of
infinite perteA'ion, with an averfion or even indif-
ferency to be reunited with its Author, the foorce
01 IIS utmoft felicity, is fuch a (hock and deformity
in the beauiifiil analogy of things, as is not confident
wiih finite wilB )m and perfeaion, Cbtyae.

16. Manner of afting or performing.
The mailer faw the laiJnei; rife^

His glow ng cheeks, his ardent eyes ;

And while he hcav'n and earih defy'd,

Cban;'d his band, and chcck'd his jridc. Dfjden.

17. Agency; part in adion.
Cod mull have fet a more than ordinary efteem

upon that which David was not thought ht to hav
»nia',d;n. _ _ S0utb.

tS. I hs ait of giving or prefcnling.

Ut Tamar drefs (he meat in my I'glit, that I

1 o-nighl Iht poet's advxale I ftand,
And b« deferves the favour at my band. Addi/on.
19. Aft of receiving any thing ready fw
one's hand, when it onJy waits to be
taken.

His power reaches no farther than lo compound
md divide the materials that are made 10 his band ■
but can do ni!hing towards the making or deftroyne
«re atom of what is already in being. L<ick,-

>lany, whofe greataeTs and foiiune were not made

to their bands, had fufEcient qualificationt and an
porlunities of rifing to thefe high pofts. Addi/n
20. Care; neceflity of managing.

Jupiter had a farm a long time upon his bands,
tor want of a tenant to come up to his price. V£/l,:

When a Itatcfman wants a day's defence,
"r eniT holds a whole week's war with fenfe,
<Jr (imple pride for flatt'ry makes demands,
Maydunce bydunce be whiffled off my i^rArai. Fofe.

21. Difchargeof duty.
Let it therefore be required, on both parts, at the

.u-". '''"^y* '° ■>= '" meannefs of eftate like
the Apoftles ; at the bands of the laity, to be as they
who lived under tMe Apoftles. Haoh'

22. Reach; nearnefs: as, at hand, within
reach, near, approaching.

Your hulband is at hand, I hear his trumpet,

Coufins, I hope the days are near at band, "
I hai chambers will be fafe. Hhake/p.

He is at band, and Pindarus is trome
To do you falutation. Sbakfff,.

The fight of Ins mind was likefome fights or eyes;
rather (Irong at b^d than to carry afar off. Bacm.

Any light thing that mo-.eih, when we find no
wind, Iheweth a wind at band. Bacon

A very great found near baiid hath ftrucken manv
aeal. p

It is not probable that any body (hould effeft that
at a diltance, which, nearer band, it cannot per-
lorm. „ '^

vvtien mineral or metal is to be generated, nature
needs not lo have at band fait, fulphur, and mercury.

23. Mutual management. °'''''^'

Nor Avords at bund, nor hiding darts afar.
Are doom'd f avenge the tedious bloody war. Dryd.

24. State of Ijcing in preparation,
w/^*"" " o"rulual manager ol mirth '
What irvtls aie in bandf h there no play.
To cafe the anguilh of a torturing hour ? Sbuh/p.

2,. State of being in prefent agitation.
I look'd upon her with a fold.cr's eye;
Thai Iik'd, but had a rougher talk in band,
I han to drive liking to the name of war. S6ai,/p
It II inditferent to the matter in band which way
the learned Ihall determine of it. i<,r>/

26. Cards held at a pame.

,h7!'T7V I'l" ? *■""' ''"'»"•■ ""' ^'"i double
the reft ol ihe habitable world, before this. Bacon.

27. That which is nfed in oppofition to
another.

He would difpute
Coafute, ehar.gf t.,„Js, and ftill confute. Hudiiras

28. .Scheme of aftion.

I. !P.ft'f"'.' °u ^°"' """ *'>■'' '"^ '^'"^ »''!'^h *<""/

1W !k .V k . Beny.nfin.

They who thought Ihey could never be fecure,

ejcept the king were firft at their mercy, were

willing 10 change the bandin carrying on the war.

. , . Clarendon.

^9- J?a' antage ; gain; fuperiority.

.1, T ^""'^ ^'■^' <'"??"'<"& 'o make'his bandby
thofe rude ravages in fn^land, broke off hrs treaty of
peace, and proclaimed lioftiliry. Hayvld

30. Competition; conteft.

She In beauty, education, blood.
Holds band wirh any princefs in the world. Shut.

31. Tranfmiflion; conveyance; agency of
convejance.

The laiutalion by the band oi me Paul.
r, rr rr ^>^- '• '8.

32. roUcilion ; power.

Sacraments ferve as the moral inftrumentsof Cod
to that purpofv, the ufe whereof is mam band,,
the effea in his. /y^,,.

And (hough vou war, like petty wrangling ftates.
You re 111 my l<,„d; and when I bid you ceafe.
You (hall be crulh'd together into peace. D.-ydm.

Between (he landlord and tenant iheie muft be a
ouarrerof liie revenue of the land conftantly in their
bands. Licke.

U is fruitlefj pains to learn a languatje, which one
m.iy giiefs by his c-mprr he will wholly ntglert, as
fooa as an approach to manhood, fe;ti.ng him free

HAN

fro* 1 governour, (hall put him into the bands of
his own inclination. Loctr

Veftigales Agri were lands taken from the enemy,'
and diftribuled amongft the foldicrs, or left in the
bands of the proprietors under condition of cer.
tain duties. Artutbnot:

33- Preffu re of the bridle.

Hollow men, like hotfes, hot at hand.
Make gallant (how, and promife of their mettle.

34. Method of government; difciplinel k^
ftrainf. '^

Menelaus bare an heavy band over the citizens,
having a malicious mind againll his countrymen.

u I rt rt -^ Mac, V. Z7,

He kept a l^rifl hand on his nobility, and chofe
rather to advance clerj:; men and lawyers. Bacon

However ftria a hand U to be kept upon all de-'
fires of fancy, yet in recreation fancy muft be per-
mitted to fpeak. jr,f^,,

3S- inHuence; management.

Flattery, the dang'rous nvirfe of vice.
Cot hand upon his youth, to pleafurcs bent. Damrf

36. That which performs the olHce of a
hand in pointing.

•'^'o'''^^.^> ''>°"S'' "■ ■no*", yet not changing per.
ceivable diftai.ce with other bodies, as fjft a- the
Ideas of our own minds do naturally follow o.ne ano-
her, the thing fecms to ftaiid ftillj as is evident in
the band, of clocks and Ihadows of fun-dials. Locif.

37. Agent ; perfon employed ; a manager.
The Wifeft prince, if he can favc himfelf and hi,

people from ruin, under the wcrif admimftration,
what may not his lubjeds hope for when he changetll
bund,,^ and maketh ufe of the beft ? S-wift.

38. Giver and receiver.
This tradition is more like to be a notion bred in

the mind of man, than Iranfraitted from hand to
iiu/rd through all generations. TilUtfon.

39. An aft; a workman; a foldier.
Vour wrongs are known : impo(i but your com-

mands,
This hour IhaU bring you twenty thoufand hands.

Demetrius appointed the painter guards, pleafed
that he could prelcrve that AiW from the b.irbaritr
and inlolence ol foldiers. Dtydrn

A diaionary containing a natural hiftory required
too many A.W,, as well as too much lime ever to
be hoped for. » ,

40. Catch or reach without choice.

The men of I&ael fmote as well the men of ever*
city as the beafls and all (hat came toij^a'. 7W«r.

A fwcaty reaper from his tillage brought
Firft fiuits, the green ear, and the yellow flieaf,
Uiicull d ascame toiawa'. Alilicn

41. Form or call of writing.

Vj'^l?l' 'V.'",'"'^,T."| °''''" K"-^ I-°"l Haftlngs.
Which in a fet band fairly is engrofs'd ;

Eleven hours I've fpent to write it over. Shahrp

Solyman (hewed him his own letrers intercepted;
afkiiig h:m 1 he knew not that band, if he knew
not that leal ? r- ,t

Being difcovered by their knowledge of Mr. Co "-'
ley's/W I happily efcaped. Dcnbam.

II my debtors do not keep their day
Deny their hands, and then refufe to pay,
I miiH attend. ' /).- ^

Whether men write court or Roman baZ,Zl
any other, there is fomeihing peculiar in every one's
writing. r Jti.

Tiie way to teach tp write, is to get a plate giavei
with the charaflcrs of fuch hand you like. J ockf

Conltant... (aw that the bund writing agreed with
the contents ol the letter. Addihn

I prelent thefe ihougKts in an ill hand; but fcho^
i-irs are bad penmen, we Icldom- regard the me-
chanickpartof writing. />//

They were wrote on both fides, and in a fm°^i
''"'^- ArMbnct.

42. yUttD n,,r /j,aj. Negligently; raftilyj
Without feeing wh;it one docs.

So many ftrokts of the alarum bell of fear and
aw .itiiig to other nations, and the facility of the
ti;l -i, which band over head, have ferved their turn
doih ring ibc p«l fo joutU the louder. Bacon.

A couinry

HAN

A country fellow got an unlucky WmWe fwm t
tree : Thus 'tis, fays a paffcnget, when people will
be doing thines band tvir beaj, without either fear
or wit. L'Eftr^ntf.

43. Hand to Hand. Clofe fight.

In fingle oppolition, hinJ in baifd.
He did confound the bed part of an hour. Shaiffp.

He ilTues, ere the hght, his dread command,
That flings afar, and poinards banJ to hand.
He banifti'd from (he field. _ Dryicn.

44. Hand in Hand. In union; con-
jointly.

Had the fea been Marlborough's element, the
war had been beftowxd there, to the advantage of
the counlry, which would then have gone bund in
hand with his own. Sv.'\fl.

4c. Hand /■» Hand. Fit; pat.

As fair and as good, a kind of bani in hand
comparifon, had been fomething loo fair and too good
for ahy lady in Britanny. Sbjic/f.

46, H A N D /o mouth. As want requires.
I can get bread from band to tnoulb, and ra.ike

even at the year's end. I.'Eftrange.

47. To bear in Hand. To keep lu ex-
peftation ; to elude.

A rafcally yea-forfooth knave, to bear in band,
and then (iand upon fecurity. Shakeff.

jfi. To fc Ha N d and Glove. To be intimate

and familiar; to fuit one another.
To Hand. 1: a. [from the noun.]

1. To give or tranfmit with the hand.

ludaswas not far off, not only becaufe he dipped
in the fame di(h, but becaufe he was fo near that
our Saviour could barj tlie fop unto him. Bro-urn.

1 have been flicwn a written prophecy that is
handed among them with great fccrecy. Addijon.

2. To guide or lead by the hand.

Angels did hand her up, who next God dwell.

Ounne*

By fate and infenfible degrees he will pafs from a
boy to a man, which is the moft hazardous llcp in
life: this therefore Ihould be carefully watched, and
a voune man with great diligence banded over it. .

' Locke.

3. To feize ; to lay hands on.

Let him, that makes but ir.fles of his e)-es,
rirft hand me : on mine own accord, I'll off. Sbak.

4. "To manage ; to move with the hand.

•Tis then that with delight I rove.
Upon the boundlefs depth of love :
1 blefs my chains, I hand my oar.
Nor think on all 1 left on llioar. ^ Prior.

K. To tranfmit in fucceflion, with iloavn;
to deliver from one to another.

They had not only a tradition of it in general, but
even of fevcral the moft remarkable particular acci-
dents of it likewife, which they banded downward
to the fucceeding ages. IVooduaid.

I know no other way of fecurirg thefe monu-
ments, and making them numerous enough to be
kandcd dav.-n to future ages. Addlfon.

Arts and fciences confilV of fcattcred theorems and
eradiices, which are banded about amongft the maf-
ters, and only revealed to the //// artis, 'till fome
great genius appean, who collefls thefe disjointed
propofitions, and reduces them into a regular fyftcm.
^ '^ Aiitibnol.

One would think a (lory fo fit for age to talk of,
and ii'.f." cy to hear, were incapable of being handed
doivn to us. _ ^"f'.

Hand is much ufed in compofition for
that which is manageable by the hand, as
a hnndjaix: ; or borne in the hand, as a
haniharro--w.

Ha'ndbarrow. n. f. k frame on which
any thing is carried by the hands of two
men, without wheeling on the ground.

A handbarrovj, wheelbarrow, fliovel, and foade.

Tujer.

Set the board whereon the hive (landeth on a

iianjiarrow, and carry them to the place you intend.

D/lortimer.

Hand-basket. « /. A portable balket.

HAN

You muft h«»e woollen yam to tie gfsfts with, and
a fmall handbajket to carry them in. Morlimtr.

Hand-bell. n. f. A bell rung by the
hand.

The (Irenglh of the perctiflion is the principal
ciufe of the loudnefs or foftnefs of founds, as in
ringing of a band-bell.hirier or fofter. Baron.

Hand-breauth. 17./ A fpace equal to
the breadth of the hand ; a palm.

A border of an handireadlb round about, -^'y-

The eaftern people determined ihe'ic band ireadtb

by the breadth of barley-corns, fix making a digit,

and tvieniy.four i hand's ireadib. Arbutbnol.

\\s'yiO\LO.adJ.[itomha>td.\

1. Having the ufc of the hand left or right.

Many are right banded, whofe livers are weakly
coniliiuted : and many ufe the left, in whom that
partis ftrongeft. ■«"'»"'-

2. With hands joined.
Into their inmoft bow'r

Handed i\K-j '■nM. Milton.

H'ander.h. /. [from /j(7w/.j Tranfmu-
ter ; conveyor in fucceflion.

They would alTume, with wond'rous art,
Tiiemlelves to be the whole who are but part.
Of that vaft frame the church ; yet grant they were
The handert down, can they from thence infer
A right t'inierpret : Or would they alone.
Who brought the prefent, claim it for their own ?

Dryden.

Ha'ndfast. »./. [^-a^/and /<J/?.] Hold;
cuftody- Obfolete.
If that Ihepherd be not in handfa/l, let him fly.

Shakefpearc,

Ha'ndfu',. n,f.\hani vciii fuU.'\

1. As much as the hand can gripe or con-
tain.

1 law a country gentleman at the fide of Rofa-
mond's pond, pulling a handful e>i oats out of his
pocket, anJ gathering the djcks about him._ Addif.

2. A palm; a hand's breadth ; four inches.
Take one vcffcl of filvcr and another of wood, each

full of water, and knap the tonjs together about an
hindfnl from the bottom, and the found will be
more lefounJing Irom theveffclof filverihan that of
wood. Bacon.

The peaceful fcabbard where it dwelt.
The rancour of its edge had felt ;
l"or of the lower end \vio handful
It had devour'd, it was fo maniul. Hudibias.

3. A fmall number or quantity'.
He could not, with fuch n handful o( mm, and

without cannon, propofe reafonably to fight a battle.

Clarendon.

4. As much as can be done.

Being in poffeffion of the town, they had their
handful todefend thcmfelvcs from firing. Raleigh.

Hanb-gallop.* ./. A flow andcafy gal-
lop, in which the hand preffes the bridle
to hinder increafe of fpced.

Ovid, with all his fweetnefs, has as little variety
of numbers and founds as he : he is always upon a
hand-gallop, and his verfe runs upon carpet ground.

Dryden.

Hand-gun.*./. A gun wielded by the

hand.

Guns have names given them, fome from ferpenis

or ravenous birds, asculverincs orcolubrines; others

in other refpeits, as cannons, demicannons, band-

guni, and mufltets. Camden.

Ha'ndicraft. ft. /. [/:and and craft.]

1 . Manual occupation ; work performed by
the hand.

Particular members of convents have excellent
mechanical geniufes, and divert themfelves with
painting, fculpture, architeflure, gardening, and
feveral kinds ol handicrafts. Addifon.

2. A man who lives by manual labour.
The cov'nants thou (halt teach by candle-light.

When puRing fmiths, and ev'jy painful trade
0( handicraflt, in peaceful beds are laid. Dryden.
The nurfcricsfor chililrenofoidinarygemlcmen

HAN

and btudlcrafi: art managed after the fame manne

Gulliver's Travelt.

Handicra'ftsman. «./. [handicraft and

man.] A manufafturer ; one employed

in manual occupation.

O mifcrable age I virtue is not regarded in handi-
caftsmen . Shakeff,

He has fimply the beft wit of any bandierafifmaH
in Athens. Sbak.fp.

The principal bulk of the vulgar natives are tiUen
of the ground free, fcrvants, and handle raftfinen ;
as fmiths, mafons, and carpenters. Bacon.

The profanencfs and ignorance of bandieraflfnten,
fmall tiadcrs, fetvants, and the like, are to a degree,
very hard to be imagined greater. Sviift.

It is the landed man that mainta'ins the merchant
and Ihopkeeper, and handicrafifman. _ i'wi/f.

Ha'ndily.a./'u. [from battJy.] Withflcill;

with dexterity.
Ha'ndiness. «./ [from i&«»^.] Readi-

ncfs ; dexterity.
Ha'ndiwork. n. / [hantfy and wari.]
Work of the hand ; produft of labour ;
manufafture.

In general they are not repugnant unto the natural
will of God, which wilheth to the works of his own
hands, in that they are his own handiviork, all hap-
pinefs; although perhaps, for fome fpeclal caufe in
our own particular, a contrary determination have
feemed more convenient. Hooker.

As proper men as ever trod upon neats-Ieather
have gone on my handituork. Shakcfp.

The heavens declare the glory of God, and the
firmament flieweth his A<j»</;'w<>7*. Pfalms.

He parted with the greateft bleffing of human

nature lor the handitvork of a taylor. L'Eflrange.

Ha'ndkerchief. «./. [hanei and kerchief .]

A piece of filk or linen ufed to wipe the

face, or cover the neck.

Siie found hor fitting in a chair, in one hand
holding a letter, in the other her bandkcrcHtf,
which had late y drunk up the tears of her eyes.

Si tiny.

He was torn to pieces with a bear : this avoucHea
the ftiepherd's fon, who has not only his innocence,
but a handkeichief and rings of his, that Paulina
knows. Shake/peare.

The Romans did not make ufe of handkerchiefs
but of the laciiiia or border of the garment, to wipe
their face. Arbuibnot.

To Ha'ndle. o". <7. \handelen, Dutch, from
hand.]

1 . To touch ; to feel with the hand.

The bodies which we daily Lmdle, make us per-,
ceive, that wliilft they remain between them, they
hinder the approach of the part of our hands that
prefs them. Lscke,

2. To manage ; to wield.
That fellow handles bis bow like a crowkeep.'r.

Shakefp.

3. To make familiar to the hand by fre-
quent touching.

An incurable ftiynefs is the ffneral vice of the
liilh hoifes, and is hardly ever fcen in Flanders,
becaufe the hardnefs of the winter forces the breeder*
there to houfe and bandit their colts fix monthj
every year. temple^

4. To treat; to mention in writing or talk.

He left nothing fitting for the purpofe
Untouch'd, or flightly bandied in difcourfe. Shakefp,

Her eyes, her hair, her cheek, her gait, her voice.
Thou handlefl m thy difcourfe. Shakefp,

l.eavlng to the author the exa^ handling of every

particular, and labouring to follow the rules of

abridgment. 1 Mac,

• Of a number of other like inttances we (hall fpeak

more when we handle the communication of founds.

Bacon,

By CuiJus Ubaldus, in his treatifc, for the ex-
plication 01 thi< inflrument, the fubllelies of it are
largely and excellently handled. Ifilkins's Dadalat,

In anai^ument, bandied that briefly, every thing
cannot be faid. Atteriitry.

5. To deal with; toprafticc.

* The,

HAN

They that handle the law know me not. yer. U.S.
6. To treat well or ill.

Talbot, my life, my joy, again return'd I
How wert thou hjnduj, being pri(i}ner ? Siaiefp.
Tiicy were well enough plealed ro be rid oi an
enemy that had bdrrJfr^' ihem I'o iil, CiarenJu/t,
7,. To praAife upon; to tranfaft with.

Pray you, my lord, give me leave to queftion ; vou
(hall fee how 1 II iu^JU her. Sliak'ejf.

Ha'ndle. »./. [banble, Saxon.]
J, Tliat part of any thing by which it is
held in the hand ; a haft.

No hand of blood and bone
Can gripe the facred bandit of our Iceptre,
Unlefs he do profane, fteal, or ufurp. Sbahfp.

Fortune lurncth the bundle of the bottle, whith
is eafy to be taken hoM of; and after Che belly,
which is hard to grafp. BacM.

There is nothing but hath a double battdte, or at
laall we have two hands to apprehend it. Taylor.

A carpenter that had got the iron work of an aif,
begged only fo much wooJ u would make a handle
to '!• L'EJlr,wge.

Of Hone the ianjlet o( my knives are made,
Yet no ill tallc from thence afTcfts the blade,
Or what 1 carve ; nor is there ever left
Any unfav'ryhaut-gouft from the haft. Drydcn.

A beam there was, on which a besrchen pail
Hung by the handleaa a drivennail. Drydtn.

2. That of which ufe is made.

They overturned him in ail his interefts by the
fure but hli\ handle of his own good nature. South.

Ha'ndless. <7,^'. [handiRAle/s.} Without
a hand.

Speak, my Lavinia, what accurfed hand
lii^tniie xhce bunJlefi r Shakeh.

His mangled myrmidons,
Nofcleff,iaW/</j, hack't and dipt, come to him
Crying oa Hedtor. Sbakrff.

YKk'no-tAKWi. n. f, A maid that waits at
hand.

Brave Buigucdy, undoubted hope of France !
Suy, let thy humble handmaid fpeak 10 thee. Shah.

She gave llie knight great thanks in little Tpeech,
And laid ihe would his ban Jmaid foot remain.

Fairfax .

I will newer fetpoliticks againft ethicks, efpccially
for that true ethicks are hut as a handmaid to divi-
nity and religion. ^■"'■n.

HeaTen's youngeft teamed ftar
Hath fii'd her polilh'd car.
Her lleepiag Lord with handmaid \uaf attending.

Milli.tr.

Lore led them on; and Faith, who knew thtm bell
'Vi\j handmaids, clad them o'er with purple beams
And azure wings that up they flew fo Jrcll,
And fpeak the uuth of thee on glorious (hemes
Before tbejudge. Millon.

Thofe of my family their raaftcr flight.
Crown dcfpicabie in iny handmaid 'i light. Sandyi.

By viewing nature, nature's handmaid. Art,
Makes mighty things from fmall beginnings grow';
I'hus filheshrll to (hipping did impart,
Their tail the rudder, .ind their head the prow.

Urydtn.

Since he bad placed his heart upon wifdom; health,
wealth, viflory and honour (hould always wait on
ber as her handmaidt. Addi/on.

Then criiicifin the mufe't handmaid prov'd,
Todrefc her charms and make her jnoie bclov'd.

H a'.m D M 1 1. L . »./. [il:a>iJ and W/. J A niiil
moved by the hand.

Oft the drudging afs is driv'n with toil ;
Returning lale, and loadcn home with gain
Ol bartcr'd pitch, and hMndmill, for the grain.

Hands off. A vulgar phrafe for keep off ■
lorbear.

They cut a ftag into parts ; hut as they were en-
tering upon llie dividend, han.1, off, fays ihclLm.
¥f I Dry den.

«A NDSAIL8. «._/: Sails managed by the
hand.' • -
Vot. I.

HAN

Th; Te^msn will neither (land to their bandfatls,
nor fulFer the pilot to (leer. ' Temfle.

Ha'mjsaw. «./. Sa«' manageable by the
hand.

My buckler cut through and through, and my
fword hack'd like a band/avi. Shaktfp.

_ To perform this »x)rk, it is necc(t>ry to be pro-
vided with a ftiong knife and a fmall handfjw.

^tcT timer.

HA'yDSEL.».y:[^/7«;'?/, afirftgift, Dutch.]
The firft aft of udng any thing; the iirit
aft of fale It is not ufed, except in the
dialedl of trade.

The apoftlcs term it the pledge of our inheritance,
and the ianfel or eameft of that which is to come.

Utinker.
Thou art joy's band/el; heav'n lies flat in thee,
.Subjctl to every mounter's bended knee. Herieri.

To Ha'ndsi!!.. f. a. To ufe or do anv
thing the firft time.

I n timorous deer he handfcU his young paws.
And leaves the rugged bear lor lirmeV claws. C.j-u.-l,;:

I *d Ihow you
How eafy 'tis to die, by my example,
\ni battd/rl fate before you. Dryd.

HA'NDSOME. a/j. [handfaem, Dutch,

ready, dexterous.]
I. Ready ; gainly ; convenient.

For a thief it is fo bandfjme, as it may feem it
was firtl invented for him. Spenfer .

z. Beautiful with dignity ; graceful.

A great man entered by torte into a peafant's
houfe, and, (inding his wife vtry handfsme, turned
the good man outof his dwelling. Addij'an.

3. Elegant ; graceful.

Thatealinefs and ^d/u^n; addrefi in writing is
hardeli to be attained by pcrfooi bred 10 a meaner
way. Felton.

4. Ample ; liberal : as, a handjome fortune.

5. Generous; noble: Xi 3. handjome z&mw.
To Ha'nbsome. 1;. a. [from the adjective.]

To render elegant or ne«.

Him all repute .,

Far his device in batid/tmingi fuit ;
To judge of lace he hath the beft conceit. Donne.

Ha'ndsomelv. adu. [ from handfomt. ]

1. Conveniently j dexteroufly.

Under it he may cleanly convey any fit pillage that
Cometh handftmely in his way. Sprnfcr,

When the kind nymph, changing her faultldi
ihape.
Becomes unhandfome, hand/omely to '£:ape. It'itller.

2. Beautifully ; gracefully.

3. Elegantly; neatly.

A carpenter, after he hath fawn down a tree, hatli
wrought it bandjumely, and made a veUel thereof. '

li'i/dom.

4. Liberally ; generoufly.

I am finding out a convenient place for an alms-
houfe, which 1 intend to endow very kandfumety
for a doien fuperannujted hulhnndmen. Addi/on,

HAN

If the (kin were parchment, and the bloivi yoti gave

mt* ink.
Your own baiidwritingvtouM tell you what 1 think,

Shttkejpejre.
To no other caufe than the wife providence otCoj
can be referred the diverfitj' oi bandwritini^s.
. . Cackixiti,

Ha'svy. ttdj. [from iar/d.]

Ha'ndsomeness. n.j: [from haad/ome.^
Beauty ; grace ; elegance.

Accompanying her mourning garments with a
dolelul countenance, yet nciihcrforgcitiug iandj'ome.
nejs'm her mourning gareitiits, nor fweelnefs in her
dolcfuloouutenance. , Sidney.

For hanjfimene/t' (ike, it were good you had
the upper glafs upon a IJail. Bacn.

la cloths, cheap hand/tmenefi iolh bear the bell.

Herbert.
Perfons of the fairer fex like that handfomenefsiax
which they find themfelves to be the moil liked".

Btyle.

Ha'ndvice. »./. {handinii -vlc^.] A vice

to hold fmall work in. ''

Ha'sdwritinc. »./. [tartd fmd tvritirrg.]

A calt or form of writing pccCiliar to each

hand.

That you beat me at the mart, I have your band
to Ihow.

Executed or performed by the hnnd.

They were but few, yet they would eafily over,
throw thi great numbers of them, if ever they came
to hjmiy blows. Xmlles.

Both pat tics now were drawn fo clofe,
Almoll 10 come to bandy blows. Hitdlirat.

2. Ready ; dexterous ; flcilful.

She llript the (talks of all (licir leaves ; the 'oeft
She cull 'd, and them with i'J«'{> care ihe dreft.

Driden.

The fervants wafh the platter, fcour the plate j
And each is/ja«</y inbis way. Dryd.

3., Convenient ; ready to the hand.

The lirikc-block is a plane (horter than the joint-
er, and is more hanjy than the long jointer.

Muxm,
Ha .•vdydandy. n. f. A play in which
children change hands and places.

See how yond jnllicc rails upon yond fimple thief!
Hark in thine ear : change places ; and handydandy,
which is die juftice, which is the thief ?

Sbakefpeare,

Neither crofs and pile, nor ducks and drakes, are
quite ("0 ancient as hanJydan.^y. Ariutb. and Pope. '

To HANG. -v. a. preter. and part. pall.

hanged 01 hung, anciently ho>ig.\ [hanjan,

Saxon. I
I. To fufjiend ; to faften in fuch a manner

as to be fuftained, not below, but above,

_ Strangely vilited people he cures j
Hanging a golden (lamp about their necks.
Put on with holy prayers. Shake/*.

His great army is utterly ruined, he himfelf (lain
, in It, and his head and right hand cut off, and bunr >
' up before Jerufalcm. S^uib.

z< To place without any folid fupport.
Thou all things haft of »othing made.
That hanf^'Jl the folid earth in fleeting air,
j Vcfn'd wiih clear fprings, which ambient fcas repair.
»pi . Sandys.

3. To cnoak and kill by fufpending by the
neck, fo as that the ligature intercept*
the breath and circulation.

He haih commilTion from thy wife and me
To hang Cordelia in thepnfon. Sbake/f.

Hanging fuppofes human foul and rcafon j
This animal's below committing trealon :
Shall he be bang'd, who never could rebel .'
That's ajirefcrmeut for Architopbel. Drydtn,

4. To difplay ; to fhow aloft.

This unlucky mole milkd feveral coxcombs j and

, like the hanging out of falfe ctilours, made fome of

them converfe with Rofalinda in what they thought

thcfpiritofherparty. Addl/on.

J. To let fall below the proper Ctuation ;
to decline.

There is a wicked man that hangeth down hi*
headl'adly ; tutinwardly he is full ot deceit.

Ecclef. xit. aS.'
The beauties of this place fliould mourn ;
Th' immortal fruits and flow'rs at my return
Should /dffj their wither'd heads j for fure myhreaft
Isnow more pois'iious. Dryden,

The rofe is fragrant, but it fades in time ;
The violctfwect, but quickly pad the pi i me ;
White lillies hang their heads and (bon decay ;
And whiter fnowiii minutes melts away, olyden.

The cheerful birds no longer fing j
Each drops his head, and bangs his wing. Trior. '

0- To fix in fuch a manner as in fome di- .
reflions to be moveable.

Tlw gates and the chambers they renewed, and
&»»ffrf doors upon them. Mae. iv. 57.

7. '["o cover or charge by any thing
fufpended,

S '^ Hung

HAN

Harg he ihe buv'iu with bUck, yield iij to
night? Sbakiff.

The pavement ever foul with human gore ;
Heads and their mangled members hurg the door.

Dryden,

%, To fomllh with ornaments or draperies

• fattened to the wall.

Mulick is better in chambers wainfcotted than
tanged, Bttccn,

1 1 e'er my pious father for my fake
Cid grateful off'rings on thy altars 'make.
Or I increas'd them with my fylvan toils,
■ ' And iung thy holy rods with favage fpoi's.

Give me to fcatter thcfe. Diydcn.

Sir Roger hat hung feveral parts of his houfe with
the trophies of his labours. Addijix.

To Hang. -v. n.

1. To be fufpended; to be fopported above,
not below.

Over it a fair portcullisAx/ff^,
Which to the gate direftly did incline,
With comely compais and compaflure ilrong. Sfenf.

2. To depend ; to fall looiely on the lower
part ; to dangle.

Upon her fhoulders wings (he wears,
Like banging (leeves, lin'd through with ears.

HuJihra),
If gaming does an aged fire entice,
Then my young roafter fwiftly learns the vice.
And (hakes in tanging fleeves the little box and dice.

Dryden.

3 . To bend forward.

By hanging is only meant a pofturt of bending for-
ward to ftrike the enemy, Aadijen.

4. To float ; to play.

And fall thcfe fayings from that gentle tongue.
Where civil fpeech and fofl perfualion bung ^ Prior.

5. To be Supported by fomething raifed
above the ground.

Whatever is placed on the head may he faid to
hang ; as we call banging^ATicas fuch as ate planted
on the top of the houle. Addijon.

6. To reft upon by embracing.

She hung about my neck, and kifs on kifs
She vied. Shahfp.

To-day might I, hanging on Hotfput's neck.
Have talked of Monmouth's grave. Sbaheff.

Fauliina is defctibed in the form of a lady fitting
upon a bed, and two little infants hanging about her
neck. fiacham.

7. To hover; to impend.

He hath a heavenly gift of prophf cy ;
And fundry blc0ing8 har.g about his throne.
That fpeak him full of grace. Sbakeff.

• Odious names of diftinfllon, which bad flept
while the dread of popery bung oyti us were revived.

Aitiriitrj.
%. To be loofely joined.

Whither go you i
■ To fee your wife ; it (he at home ?
■^Ay, and as idle as (he may bang together. Shak.

g. To drag; to be incommodioufly joined.
In my Lucia's abfence
Life hangs upon me, and becomes a burden. Addif.

10. To be compaft or united Wv\v together,

t n the common caufe wc arc all of a piece ; we
bang Itgrihtr. Dryder.

Your device bangt very well together ; but is it
i)Ot liable to exceptions ? Addi/cn.

11. To adhere, unwelcomely or incommo-
dioufly.

A cheerful temper (hinesout in all her converfa-
tion, and dilTipatcs thofc apprrhcnfions which bang
en the timorous or the modeil, when admitted to her
prefence. Addijon.

Shining landftips, gilded triumphs, and beautiful
faces, difj-erfe (hat glocminefs which is apt to bang
upon the mind in ihofe difcoofolate feafons.

Addijon.

12. To refl i to refide.

Sleep (hall neither night nor day
Hang upon i)is penthoufe lid. Shakeff.

13. To De in rufpenfe ; to be in a ilate of
uncertainty.

HAN

Thy life (hall bang in doubt before thee, and thou
(halt feat day and night, and (halt have none af-
lurance of thy life. Dcut.

14. To be delayed ; to linger.

A noble ftroke he lifted high.
Which hung not, butfo fwiftwith tempeft fell
On the proud crell of Satan. Milton.

She thrice elTay'd to fpeak : her accents A«/^,
Andlault'ring dy'd unfinirti'don her tongue. Dryd.

15. 'l"o be dependant on.

Oh, how wretched
Is that poor man xhn hangs on princes' favours ! Sb.
Great queen ! whole name llrikes haughty mo-
narchspalc,
On whofe juft fceptrc bangs Europa's fcale. Prior,

16. To be fixed or fufpended with attention.

Though wond'ring fenates bung on all he fpoke.
The club mull hail him mafUr of the joke. rofe.

1 7. To have a fteep declivity.

S'^ilTex marl (hews itfclf on the middle of the
fidts of ia»g;>j grounds.' Mfrtimer.

18. To be executed by the halter.

The court forfakes him and lir Balaam hangs.

Pipe.

1 9. To decline ; to tend down.

His neck obliquely o'er his (houlders hung,
Prefs'd with the weight of deep tliat umes the
Arong. • Pi^fr.

Ha'nc er. »./. [from hang.'\ That by which

any thing hangs ; as, the ytot /bankers.
H'anger. It. /. [from knag.'] A fliort

broad fword.
Ha'ng£r-on. ». /. [itom hang.'l A de-
pendant, one who eats and drinks with-
out payment.

If the wife or children Were abfent, their rcoms

were fupplied by the umbrse, or hangers-on. Broivn,

They all eicufed themlelves fave two, which two

he reckoned his friends, and all the relt bangers-on.

JU hjhange.

He is a perpetual hanger-on, yet nobody knows

how to be without him. H'wiJ't,

Hanging. »./.rfrom^<7»f.]
I. Drapery hung or fattened againft the
walls of rooms by way of ornament.

Like rich hangings in aji homely houfe

So was his will in his old feeble body. Sbakefp.

Being informed that his breakfalt was ready, he

drew towards the door, where the hangings were

held up. Ctarendon,

Now purple hangings cloath the palace wails,
And fumptuous featts ^re made in fpieiidid hails.

Dryden.

Lucas Van Leyden has infe^ed all Europe witli

' bis defigns for lapeltry, which, by the ignorant, are

I called ancient hangings. Dryden.

Rome olt has heard a crofs haranguing,

With prompting prieft behind the -6rt;?£;/«^. Prior.

Z. Any thing that hangs to another, Wot
. in ufe. ' . , '. c.

A llorm, or robbery, or call it what you will.
Shook down my mellow Lingings, nay my leaves,
' Andlelt me bare to weather. Hbakejp,

Hk'itGWiC participial aaj. [fromi5<7«rj-.]
I . Foreboding death by the halter.

Surely, fir, a good favour you have ; but that you
have a hafiging look. Shakffp.

What Jii\ hiops lips he has !
How full a fnout, and what a hanging face ! Dryd.

z. Requiring to be p^nifhed by the halter;

A hanging matter. -: ■
H A N G M A .N . «./. [hang and /«a».]
I. The publick executioner.

This monfter fat like a /wA^wa/i upon a pair of
gallows; in his rigiit hand he was paiaied hnUing a
crown of laurer,'a'nd in his left hand a purfe of nwney.

Sidney.
Who makes that noife there ? who are you ?
—Your friend, fir, the hangman : you muft he fo
good, fir, to rife, and be put to death. Slai'/p-

Men do not tland
In 1« ill c;ife, that Uod hath wkh his hand

HAP

Sign'd kings blank charters to kill whom they hate ;
Nor are they vicars but hangmen to fate. Juonner,

1 never knew a critick, who made it his bufinels
to lalh the faults of other writers, that was not guilty
of greater himfcif? as the hangman is generally a
woife malefa^or than the criminal that lufftri by hi»
hand. Addifon,

2. A term of reproach, either ferious or
ludicrous.

One cried, God blefs us ! and Amen ! Ihe other ;
As they had feen me with thefe hangnuis's hands :
Liftening their fear, I could dot fay Amen,
When they did fay God blefs us. Sbakefp.

He halli twice or thrice cut Cupid's bowftriiig,
and the little hangman dare not fhoot at him. Shak.

Hank. »./. \hani, Iflandick, a chain or
coil of rope.]

I . A Ikein of thread.

z. A tye ; a check ; an influence. A low-
word.

Do we think we have the bank that fome gallants
have on their truding merchants, that, upon peril
oflofingallfoimerfcores, he mud (till go on tofupply?

Deciy of Piety.

To Ha'nker. -v. n. [hauienn, Dutch.] I o
long importunately ; to have an incefl^Mit
wifh ; it has commonly after before the
thing defired. It is fcarccly ufed but io
familiar language.

And now the faints began their reign.
For which th' had yearn'd fo long in vain.
And tcit fuch bowel hankerings,
'io fee an empire all of kings. fladiirar.

Among women and children, care is to be taken
that tliey get not a ban/:ering after thefe juggling
aOrologersand fortune-tellers. VEftrange.

The Ihepherd would be a merchant, and the mer-
chant bankers after fomething elfe. L'EjIrange.

Doft thou not banker after a greater liberty in fome
things ? If not, there's no better fign of good rcfo-
Uition. Calaviy,

The wife is an old cc^uette, that is always ban"
kering after the diverfions of the town. AJdi/on.

The republick that fell under the fubjeflion of
the duke of Florence, ftill retains many hankerings
after its ancient liberty.
Han't, for has nut, ox have not,
' That roguilh leer of your'smakes a pretty woman's
heart ake : you .6a;i'r that fimpcr about the mouth
for nothing. Addifon,

HAP. n.f. [anhap, in Welfli, is misfortune.]

1. Chance; fortune.

W hether art it were, or heedlefs hap.
As through the flow'ting lorclt ra(h the tied.
In her rude hairs fwcet flowers themfclves did lap.
And nourilhing frelh leaves and bloffoms did enwrap.

Spenfer,

2. That which Iiappcns by chance or fortune.

Cur'ft be good bjps, and curd be they that build
Their hopes on b.ips, and do not make defpair
For all Ihefecertain blows the furdt Ihield. Sidney,

To have cjc^ed whatlbever that church doth make
account of, without any other crime than that it
hath been liie hap thereof to be ufed by the church
of Rome, and not to be commanded in the word of
Cod, might haply have pleafcd (bmc lew men, who,
having begun fuch a courfe themfclves, muft be glad
to fee their example followed, Haoket,

Things cafu.il do varj", and that which a m.in
doth but chance to think well of cannot dill have the
like blip. Knoiler.

Solyman commended thein.for their valour in their
evil haps, more than (he viflory of others got by
good foriune. Knolles,

A fox had the hap to fall into the hands of a lion.

L'EJirange,

3. Accident; cafual event; misfortune.

Nor feared Ihe among the bands to dray
Of armed men ; fqr olten had (he f?cn

The tragick end of many a bloody fray :
Her life had lull of baps and hazards been. Fairfax.

Hap-hazard. »._/". Chance; accidenx :
perhaps originally hap hazard}.

The former of thele is the mod fure and infallible
way ; but fo bard that all diun it, and had rather

waU(

HAP

walk as mtn do in the dark by hnp-hjxarJ, ihan
tread fo long and intricate mues Ibr knowledge'
lake. Hookn.

We live at ba{>-haxarJ, and without aiiy inlight
into caufes and eflefls. L'S/lrafge.

We taice our principles at ba^-baxard upon IrulV,
and then believe a whole 'y^^cm, upon a prefuniption
that they are true. Lockt.

To Hap. i!. ?/. [from the noun.]

1, To happen; to have the cafual confe-
quence.

It will be too late to gather Ihips or foldiers, which
may need to be prefcntly employed, and wliofe want
may bap to hazard a kingdom. C/arend'tn.

2. To come by chance; to befall cafually.

Run you to the citadel,
And tell my lords and lady what hath bap'tl. Sbak.
In deftrudlions by deluge the remnant which bap
to be referved arc ignorant people. Bacon,

Ha'ply, adv. [from hap.\
I. Perhaps ; peradventiire ; it may be.

This love of theirs myfclf have often fcen,
Hafly when they have judg'd me fait aflcep. Sbak.

To warn
Ui, Lipty too fecure, of our difchaige
From penalty, becaufe from death releas'd
Some days. Milton.

1 hen baplji ytt. your breaft remains untouch'd,

Though that fcems ftrange. Rovif.

Let us now fee what condulions may be found for

inliru^ion of any other ftate, that may hafly labour

under the like circumlla»ces. Stuifi.

2, By chance; by accident.

Leviathan, which Cod of all his works
Created hugcll, (hatrwim the ocean Bream ;
Him baply Humb'ring on the Norway foam.
The pilot offomefmall night-founder'd (kift"
Deeming fome illand oft, as fcamen tell,
With tiled anchor in his fcaly tind,
Moon by his fide. MUicn.

Ha'pless. adj. [from hap.'\ Unhappy;
unfortunate ; lucklefs ; unlucky.

Itapltfs iSgeon, whom the fates have mark'd
To bear th' eilremity of dire milliap! Shaltff.

Here bapUfs Icarus had found his part.
Had not the father's grief reftrain'd his art. Dryim.

Did his bapltfi yii^on equal mine,
I would refufe the Slifs. Smitb.

7» Ha'ppen. -v. n. [from hap.'\
I . To fall out ; to chance to come to pafs.

Bring forth your llrong reafons, and (hew us what
fliall happm. IJaiab.

Sav not I have (inncd, and what harm hath bap-
pcnedMXiXQ rac ? EccUf. v 4.

If it fo fall out that thou art miferable for ever
thou haft no reafon to be furprifed, as if fome unex-
pefled thing had bappeini to thee. Tillotjon.

2. To light ; to fall by chance.

1 have happened on fome other accouDU relating
to mortalities. Craunt.

Ha'ppilv. ad-v. [from hafpy.'\
I. Fortunately; luckily; fuccefsfully,

I come to wive it wealthily in Padua :
If wealthily, then happily in Padua. Sbakefp.

Preferr'd by conqucft, Impptly o'erlhrown,
Fallipg they rife to be with us made one. H^alUr.

Neither is it fo trivial an undertaking to make a
trag'-dy end happily; for 'tis more difficult to fave

Drydtn.

gracefully; without la-
bour.

Form'd by thy converfe, happily to fteer
From grave to gay, from lively to (evere, P(,pc.

In a ftate of felicity ; as, he Wva happily.
By chance ; peradventure. In this ftnfe
happily is written erroncoufly for haply.
One ihmg more I Oiallwilh you to defireofthem,

than kill.
2. Addrefsfully ;

2.

*ho happily may perufc theft two tie»lifes,

Digby.

Ha'ppiness. »./. [from hapfy."]
I . Felicitv ; ftate in which the defires are
fatisfiecl.

llapjint/i is that eftate whereby we attain, fo far
n poifibly may be iUainsd, the iM fofltflion of

HA R

that which limply for itfelf is (0 be defirod and con-
taineth in it after an eminent fort the contentation
of our defires, the higheft degree of all our perfeftioij.

Hooker,

Oh I happintfs of fweet rctir'd content.

To be at once fecur« and innocent. Denbam,

Philofophers differ about the chief good or bap-

/>//i^iof man. Temple.

The various and contrary choices that men make

in the world, argue that the fame thing is not good

to every man alike : this variety of purfuits fliews,

that every one does not place his bappitefi in the

fame thing. Loclu.

Good luck ; good fortune.
3. Fortuitous elegance ; unftudied grace.

Certain graces and bappinejfes, peculiar to every
language, give life and energy to the words. Denbam.

Some beauties yet no precepts can declare;
For there's a bafpintfi as well as care. Pope.

Form'd by fome rule that guides butnotconllrains,
And fimlh'd more through bappim/s than pains.

Pope.

Ha ppy. adj. [irom hap; as /ucij (or /ucL]
I . In a ftate of felicity ; in a ftate where the
delire is fatisficd.

At other end Uran did Strephon lend
Her happy making hand. Sidney.

Am 1 happy in thy news ?
— If to have done the thing you gave in charge,
Beget your happinefs, be bappy then ;
For it is done. Sbakefp.

Truth and peace, and love, (hall everlhine
About the fupreme throne

Of him, t' whofe happy ftate alone,
Our heav'nly guided foul (hall climb. Milton.

Though the prefence of imaginary good cannot
make us bapfy, the abfenceofit may make us mi-
"rable. Addifin.

2. Lucky; fuccefsful; fortunate.

Chymifts have been more happy in finding expe-
riments than the caufes of them. Boy.'e.

Yet in this agony his fancy wrought,
Ar.d fear fupply'd him with th'isbapfy thought.

Dryden.

3. Addrefsful; ready.

One gentleman is happy at'a reply, and another
ercels in a rejoinder. S-u/ifi

Ha'queton.»./. Acoatof mail. Spett/er.
Hara^ngl-e. «./ [harangue, French. The
original of tlie French word is much
queftioned ; Menage thinks it a corruption
of hearing, Englifli ; Juniut imagines
It to be di/rours au rang, to a circle,
which the Italian arringo feems to favour,
perhaps it may be from orare, or ora-
tionare, orationer, oraner, aranger, haran-
g«rr.] A fpeech ; a popular oration.

Cray-headed men, and grave, with warriors mix'd
AITemble, and harangues are heard, but foon
In faAious oppofition. Milton.

Nothing can better improve political fchoolboys
than the art of making plaulible or implaufible ba.
ranguei, againft the very opinion for which they re-
folve to determine. Swift.

Many preachers neglefl method in Axis harangues
_ „ , H^atts.

ToHaRa'ncue. 'V, n. [haranguer, Fr.J
To make a fpeech ; to pronounce an ora-
tion.
To Hara'ngtje

H A R

Our walls are thinly mapn'd, our beft men (lain j
The reft, an heartlefs number, fpentwith watching.
And barafs'd out with duty. Dryden,

Nature opprefs'd, ini barafs'd out with care,
Sinks down to reft. Addifon^

Out mcreafes the force of the verb.

Ha^rass. n. f. [from the verb.] Waftej
difturbance.

The men of Judah, to prevent
The haraf, of their land befet me round. Miltm

Harbinger. »./. [hcrberger, Dutch, one
who goes to provide lodgings or an har~
hour for thofe that follow.] A forerun-
ner ; 3 precurfor.

Make all our trumpets fpeak, give them all breath.
1 hole clam'rous harbingers of blood and death.

J''' be myfelf the harbinger, and make joyful ;
The heating of my wife with yourapproach. Slak.

Sin, and her ftiadow death, and mifery,
Otuh'i harbinger. Hilton.

And now of love they treat, 'tillth' evening ftar.
Love s harbinger appear'd. Milim.

Be/ore him a gre-it prophet, to proclaim
His coming, is fent harbinger, who all

Invites.

Mihoit.

V, a. To addrefs by an
oration; as, ht harangued tht troops.
Hara'nguer. »./. [itom harangue.] An
orator; a publick fpeaker : generally
with fome mixture of contempt.
To Ha'rass. -v. a. [harajfer, French, from
harajje, a heavy buckler, according to Du
Cttnge.] To weary; to fatigue; to tire
with labour and uneafinefs.

Thefe troops came to the army but the day bc-
fcrcj hara(fei with a long and wcarifo»e march.

tacin.

As Ormond's harbinger to you they run "
ForVenusisthepromifeofthe Sun. ' Dryden

HA'RBOUR. »./ [herberge, French ;'XrI
berg, Dutch ; albergo, Italian.]

1. A lodging; aplace of entertainment.

For harbour at a thoufand doors they knock'd ;
Not one of all the thoufand but was lock'd. Dryl„,

Doubly curs'd
Be all thofe eafy fools who give it harbour. Rowe,

2. A port or haven for (hipping.

Three of your argofies
Are richly come to harbour fuddenly. Sbakefp,

They leave the mouths of Fo,
That all the borders of the town o'erflow ;
And fpreiding round in one continu'd lake,
A fpacious hofpitable harbour make. Aidlfm:

3. An afylura; aflielter; a place of flielter
and fecurity.

To Ha'rbour. 'V. n. [from the noun.] To
receive entertainment; to fojourn; to take
Ihelter.
This night let's harbour here in York. Sbakefp.'
They are fent by me,
That theylhould harbour where their lord would be,
_ , Sbakefp,

Southwards they bent theirflight.
And harbour'd in a hollow rock at night :
Next morn they rofe, and fet up every (^il •
The wind was fair, but blew a mackrel gale. Dryd,

Let me be grateful ; but let far from me
Be fawning cringe, and falfe dilTemblinglook,
And fcrvile Hattery, that harbours oft
In courts and gilded roofs. Pbillpt,

Ti Ha'rbour. t;.fl,

I. To entertain; to permit to refide.

My lady bids mc tell you, that though (he bar.
hours you as her uncle, (he's nothing allied to your
diforders. Sbakefp.

Knaves I know, which in this plainncfs
Harbour more craft, and more corrupter ends
Than twenty filky ducking obfervants. Sbakefp.

Let not your gentle brealt harbour one thought

Of outrage from the king. Ro-we.

We owe thijoldhoufe the fame kind of gratitude

that we do to an old friend who barbiurs us in his

declining condition, nay even in his lad extremities.

Pope.

How people, fo greatly wanflSd with a fenfe of

liberty, Ihould be capable of Aariowrw^ fuch weak

fuperftition ; and that fo much bravery and fo much

folly can inhabit the fame bicafts. Pope,

2. To fhelter; to fecure.

Warfoar yfurfelf this night in this caftle : this

country is very dangerous for murthering thieves to

tnift a Ileeping life among them. Sidney.

Ha'rbourage. n.f. [I.vrbcrgage, French,

from harbour.] Shelter; entertainment.

Let m us, jrout king, wh»fe Ubour'd fpirits,

S 2 » f otewcarifti

ne

H A R

iricd in this »Qian of fwift fpetd,
harbutrage within vour city w^U, S&jkfjp

Ha'rbourer. //. y'. [tVom J>ar6»ur.\ Oa
that entertains another.

Ha'rbovrless. aJJ. [from harbour.']
Wanting harbour; being without lodg-
ing; without (helter.

U KKBKOVGH fot tarlmur, Spen/er.

HARD. adj. [ heanb, Saxon ; harJ, Dutch.]

1. Firm; refilling penetration or repara-
tion ; not foft ; not eafy to be pierced or
broken.

Rcpofe you there, while I to the hard houfe, v
Mote hard thin is the (tone whereot 'tis raisM ;
Which rven but now, demanding after you
Denied me to come in. SialeJ^tare.

2. Difficult ; not eafy to the intelleft.
Some difeafes, when they are hard to be cured

arc bard to be Icnown. Sidney.

The hard caules they brought unto Mofes { but
»:ry fmall matters they judged themfel«s. Exodut.

When bard words, jealoulies, and fears.
Set folks together by the ears. Hudibrat,

'Tis hard to fay if Clymene were mov'd
Mote by his pray'r, whom Ihe fo dearly lov'd.
Or more with fury fir'd. Dryden.

As for the ^jr<2 words, which I wa^ obliged to life,
they are either terms ut art, or iucb as I fubltitutcd
in place of others that were too low. Arbuibnot.

3. Difficult of accompliihment ; full of
difficulties.

Is any thing too £dri/ £>r the Lord ? Gtnefii.

Poffcfs
At lords afpacious world, t' our native heav'a
Little inferior, by my adventure bard
With peril great atchiev'd. kriltun.

Long is the way
And bard, that out of bell leads up to light :
Our prifon ftrong, Milton,

He Viow difcern'd he was wholly to be on the de-
fcDllve, and that was lilce to be a very bard firt too.

C/areKjoK.
Nervous and tendinous parts haveworfe fymptoms,
and are harder of cure than flclhy ones.

ififemaH.
The love and pious duty which you pay
Have pafs'd the perils of fo hard a way. Drydct'

4< Painful ; diftrefsful ; laborious adion or
fiiffering.

Racbael travailed, and Sat hii bard Uhovr.

Gemfit.

Worceftft's horfe came but to-day :
And now tlieir pride and mettle is aileep.
Their courage with hard labour tame and dull,
. That not a horfe is half of himfelf. Shakeff.

Continual bard duty, with litiic fighting, lellened
and dipainilhcd his army. Ctartndm.

When Sebaftian weeps, his tears
Come harder than his blood. Dryden.

A man obliged to hard labour is not reduced to
Ihe necelTily of having twice as much viOuals as
one under no neccility to work. Cheyne,

y. Cruel; oppreffive; rigorous ; as, a /lar^
heart.

The bargain ofjuliui III. may be accounted a
very bard Ota, Br(,iuii'3 Vulgar Errours.

Whom fcarce my Iheep, and i'carce my painful
plough.
The needful aids of human life allow ;
So « retched is thy Ton, lb bard a mother thou.

Drydtit.

If you thouglit that bard upon you, we would not
refufe you half yo»r time. Dryden.

A lofs of one thjcd of their eftates will be a very
tard cafe upon agrcat numberof people. Locke.

No people live with mote cafe and profperily
than the fubjedls of little commonwealths; as, on
the contrary, there arc none who fuflFer more under
the grievances of a <6ar>/ government than the fubjefls
of little principalities. Addijan.

To find a bill that may bring punifhment upon
the i nnocent, will appear very bard, SwiJ"!.

6. Sour; rough ; fcvere.

What, have you jivco him any larJ vmrit of
late. SbiAeJt-

•un.

}

H A R

Rough ungovernable paflions Inirry men on lo fay
or do very hard or ofieiiiive things. AtmiMry.

7. Unfavourable; unkind.

A5 thou lov'ft me, do him not that wronj.
To bear a hard opinion of his truth. Xhakejp.

Abfalom and Achitopliel he thinks is a litne
bard on his fanatick patrons. Dryden.

Some hard rumours have been tranfmiftcd from
t'other fide the water, and rumours of the fevered
kind. f Su'{ft.

8. Infenfible; inflexible.

I f I by chance fuceeed
In what I write, and that's a chanet indeed,
Know I am not fo fhipid or fo bard.
Not to feel praife, or fame's defei-v'd reward. Dryd,

9. Unhappy; vexatious.

It is a very hard quality upon our foil or climate,
that fo excellent a fruit, which profpers among all
our neighbours, will not grow here. Temple,

10. Vehement; keen; fcvere: as, a. hard
Winter; /'ar<^ weather.

11. Unreafon.ible ; unjuft.

It is a little /6<iri/, that in an aSairof the lallcnn-
fequence to the very being of the clergy, this whole
reverend body Ihould be the fole perfons notconfulted.

Sirift.

It is the bardtji cafe in the world, that Steele
(liould take up the reports of his fa^ion, and put
them off a> additional feus. Sviift.

12. Forced; not eafily granted.

li we allow the tirft couple, at the end of one
hundred years, fo have left ten pair of breeders,
which is no bard fuppolitiou; there would arife
from thefe, in fifteen hundred yeais, a greater num-
ber than the earth was cairable of. Uuritet.

13. Powerful; forcible.

The ftag was XoohurJ for the horfe, and the horfe
flies for fuccour to the man that's too hard for him,
and tides the one to death, and outright kills the
other. L' Ejlrange.

Let them confiJer the vexation they arc ircalunng
up for themfclves, by ftrugglingN^ith a power ubich
will be always too hard for them. AJ.iifoK.

A difputant, when he finds that his advcrlai^- is
too Ijurd for him, with flynefs turns the difcourfe.

H atts,

14. Auftere; rough, as liquids.

In making of vinegar, fet veflcls of wine over-
againll the nooii fun, whiiijh callcth nut the more
oily ff irits, an^ leaves the fpiiit morefout and h.nd.

Bacon.
ij. Harfh ; ftifF; conftrained.

Others, fcrupiilouny tied to the praftice of the
ancients, make their figures harder than even the
marble itfclf. Dryden.

His diredfion is bard, his figures loo bold, and his
tropes, particularly his metaphors, infufferably
fttained. Dryden.

i6. Not plentiful ; not profperous.

There are bonfires decreed ; and, if the times had
not been hard, m'y billet Ihould have burnt too.

Dryden.

17. Avaricious; faultily fp.nring.
Hard. ad-v. \kardo, very old German.]

1. Clofe; near: often with z^'.

Hard by was a houfe of plealure, built for a fum-
iner retiring place. Sidney.

They doubled a while what it (hould be, 'till it
was caft up even hard before them ; at which time
they fully faw it was a man. Sidney.

A little lowly hermitage it was,
Down in a dale, bard by a forciVs fide,

Far from rcfort of people th,u did pafs
In travel to and fro. Sfenfer.

Scarce had he faid, when hard at hand they fpie
That quickfand nigh, with water covered. •• Spenjrr.

When thefe marrtial the way, hard at Jiand comes
the mailer and main cxeriife. Shakefpeare.

Abimelcch went hard unto the door of the tower,
to burn it with fire. Judges.

I'hc Phililiincs fallowed bard upon Saul, a Sam.

Hard by a cottage chimney fmokes,
, From betwixt two aged oaks. Milton^

2. Diligently ; laborioufly ; inceflantly ; ve-
hemently ; earneftly ; importunately.

H A R

Centura rofe in his defence.
And pray'd fo bard for mercy from the ptincf,
That to his cjiieen the king ih' oflcnder gave. Dryd,
An ant works as hard as a man who lliould carry
a very heavy load every day four league*.

Addifon,
Whoever my unknown correfpondnt be, he prcllci
bard ior an anlwer, and is earncit in (hat point.

Allcriury,

3. Uncafily ; vexatioufly.

When a man's fcrvant ihall play the cur with
him, look you it goes hard. Shakffp.

4. Dirtrefsfully ; fo as to raife difficulty.

The quellion is hard fet, and we have reafon to
doubt. Broun,

A ftag that was Aaii/ fet by the huntfmer, betoolc
himfelf to a ftall for faniSuary. L'EJtrange,

5. Fall ; nimblv ; vehemently.

The wolves (compered away as bard as they
could drive. VEJlrange.

6. With difficulty ; in a manner requiring
labour.

Solid bodies forelhow rain, as boxes and pegs of
wood when they dravi- and wind hard. Bacon,

7. Tempeftoufly ; boiiteroufly.

When the North wind blows hard, and it rains

fadly, none but fools lit down in it and cry ; wife

pople defend themfelves againft it. 'Tayijr.

Ha'rduound. adj, [hard and bound,]

Colli ve.

Jull writes to make his barrennefs appear.
And llraint from hardlonxd brains eight lines a-year.

fofe.
To Ha'rden. -v. a, [from hard.] 'lo
grow hard.

The powder of loadftone and flint, by the addition
of whites of eggs and gum-dragon, made into palle,
will in a kviiiyi burden to the hardncfsof a Hone.

Bactm,
Tff Ha'rden. <y. <7. {{torn hard.]
J. To make hard ; to indurate.

Sure he, who firft the paflage try'd.
In ^arden^d oak his heart did hide.

And ribs of iron arni'd his fide. Dryden,

A piece of the hardened marl. h't^\i.-ard .

2. To confirm in effrontery; to make im-
pudent.

3. To confirm in wickednefs; to make ob^
durate.

But exhort one another d»ily, left any of you be
hardened through the dcceitfulncfs ot lin.

Hebrevfi,

He (liflTened his neck, and hardened his heart
from turning unto the lord. , a. Cbron,

It is a melancholy confideraiion. that there Ihould
be fcveral among us fo hardened and deluded as to
think an oath a proper fubjedt for a jcft. Addifon.

4. To make infenfible; to (lupify.

Religion fcts before us not the example of a ftupiti
Stoick, who had by obftinate prinriples hardened
himfelf againft all fenfe of pain ; but an example of
a man like ourfelvcs, that had a tender fenle of the
leaft fuffering, and yet patiently enduied theerealeft.

"fill'ii/on.
Years have not yet hardened me, and i have an
addition of weight on my fpiriislince we loli him.

Stvifi to Pope.

5. To make firm; to endue with conftancy.

Then fliould I have comfort? yea, I would iar</e«
myfelf in furrow. y*dj.

One raifes the foul, and hardens it to virtue ; the
other foftcns it again, and unbends it into vice.

Dryden,
Ha'rdenei.. »./. [from hatdett,] One that

makes any thing hard.
HAR»FA'vot;RED. adj, \hard atA foniour.]
Coarfe of feature; narih of countenance.

When the blaft of war blows in your ears,
Stiflen the finews, fummon up the blood,
Difguife fair Nature with hardfavour'd\a<Ait,
Then lend the eye a terrible afpeO. Sbaktfp,

The brother a very lovely youth, and the fifter

bardfavomed, VEjlrange.

•^ WEcD

H A R

When Vulcan came into the worlj, he wis fo
tjrJfiivovred that hij parents fronfneJ on him.

Dryden,

Hardha'nded'. adj. \hard' and hand.'\
Coarfe ; rnechanick ; one that has hands
hard with labour.

Hurdhandfd men that work in Athens here,

Which ne«r labour'd jn their minds tiU now. Hhak.

Ha'rdhead. n.f. [hard inA head.] Clalh

of heads ; manner of fighting in which

the combatants dafh their heacls together.

I have been at hjrjb^ad with your bjtf.ng ci-
tizens; I have routed your herd, 1 have dilperfed
them. Drjjtn.

Ka«dhe'aRted. adj. [hard and hean.]
Cruel; inexorable; mercilefs ; pililefs ;
barbarous ; inhuman ; favage ; uncompaf-
lionate.

Hurdbtarted Clifford, take dk from the world;
My foul to heav'n. Shakeffeare.

Can you be fo bardktartei to de(b-oy
My ripening hopes, that are fo nejr to joy ? Drjjen.
John Bull, othcrwife a good-oatured man, was
very hardheatttd to hij Cfter Peg. Arbuibnat.

Hardhi'artedness. n. f. [from hardf
hearted.] Cruelty; want of tcndernefs ;
want of connpaflion.

Hardbearteimfi and cruelty is not only an \n-
human vice, but worfe than brutal. L'E/irjn^t.

How blacic ar.d b. a vice ingratitude is, may
be feen in ihofe vice^ which it is always in com-
bination with, pride aud hardhtariidnrfs, or want
ol compafiion. SoKlb.

Hardheariedm/t, is an cfTential in the character
of a libertine. Clarijfj.

Ha'&dihead. 1 »./ [from Lardy.] Stout-
Ha'rdikood. J nefs ; bravery. Obfolete.

Enflam'd with fury and fierce hardybmd.
He feem'd in heart to harbour thoughts unkind.
And nourilh bloody vengeance in his bitter mind.

Sfinfer.

Boldly aflault the n«romancer's hall,

Where il he be, with dauntlcfs bardihoid. Milloi.

Ha'rdiment. «■ /. [from hardy, hardi-

*w«/, adv. French.] Courage; ftoutnefs;

bravery. Not in ufc.

Bjt fuii o[ fire and greedy bardlmrnf.
The yoachtul knight could not for aught be ftaid.

Sftnftr.
Ob the gentle Severn's fedgy baiik.
In fingle oppoGtion, hand to hand.
He did contound the belt part of an hour
ki changing bardimtnt with great Qendowvr.

Shairff.
Zeal was the fpring whence flawed her htrdlmeni.

Fairfax.

Ha'kdiness. n.f. [hardkjje, French; from

hardy.]
I. Hardihip; fatigue.

They are valiant and harJy; fr«at enduren of
cold, hunger, and all hard.xefi. Upcnjir.

a. Stontnefs ; cootagc ; bravery.

If we, with thrice luch powers left at home,
Cannot defend our own doors from the dog.
Let us be worried ; and our nation lofe
The name of baid'mtft and policy. Sbaktjh.

Perkin had gathered together a power of all iia-
tions, neiihei in' number, nor in the baidineft and
courage of theit peifons contemptible. Bacan.

H« has the co'irage of a rational creature, and
fuch an hardinrjs we fhould endeavour by cuftom
and ufe to bring children to. Locke.

Criminal as y«u are, you avenge yourfelf againrt
the bardau/i of one that Qwuld tell you of it.

SjieSalor.

3. Effrontery; confidence.
Hardla'boured. adj. [hard znd faiour.]
Elaborate ; ftudicd ; diligently wrought.

How chearfully the hawkers cry
A fatite, and the gentry buy I
While my burd'/aiour'd poem pines,
Unfold upon the printer's lines. Stv/Jt

Ha'rdlt. adv. [from bard.]

H A R

I. With difficulty; not ea%.

Touching things which generally are r(!C»ivcd,
although in themfclves they be molt certain, yet,
becaufe men prefume them granted of all, we arc
hurdlkfi able to bring fuch proof of their certainty
as may fatisfy gainfayers, when fuddenly and be-
fides eapeiSation they require the fame at our hands.
_, Hooker.

1 here are but a few, and they endued with great
ripenefs of wit and judgment, tree from all fuch
affairs as might trouble their meditations, inftrufled
in the fharpell and fubtleft points of learning ; who
have, and that very hardly, been able to find out
but only the immortality of the foul. Hooker.

God hath delivered a law as (harp as the two-
edged fword, piercing the very clofell and moft uii-
learchable corners of the heart, which the law of
nature can hardly, human laws by no means, pof-
fibly reach unto. Hooker.

There are in living creatures parts that nourilh
and repair eafily, and parts Uiat nourilh and repair
''•"3\ Bacm.

The barks of thofe trees are more clofe and folt
than thole of oaks and alhes, wheieby the mofs can
the hardlUr ilfue out. Bacon.

The father, mother, daughter, they invite ;
Hardly the dame was drawn to this repaft. Dryden.

Recov'r.ng hardly what he loil before.
His right endears it much, his purchafe more. Dryd

Falfe confidence is eafily taken up, and hardly laid
*'""• , ^ South.

X. ocarcely; fcant ; not lightly; with no
likelihood,
llie hlh that once waj caught, new bait will
hardly \iM. Fai.ySuten.

They are worn, lord Conful, fo
That we fhall hardly in our ages fee
Their banners wave' again. Shakeff.

Hardly (hall you find any one fo bad, but he delires
the credit ol being thought good. South

3. Almoft not; barely.

The wand'ring breath was on the wing to part.
Weak was the pulfe, and hardly heav'd the heart.

It ■ L ,t Dryden.

1 here is hardly a gentleman in the nation who
hath not a near alliance with fome of that body.

4. Grudgingly ; u an injury.

ll 1 unwittingly
Have aught committed that is hardly borne
By any in this prefence, 1 defire
To reconcile me. Sbahfp.

5. severely; unfavourably.
If there are fome reafons inducing you to think

hardly ot our laws, are thofe reafons demonftrative,
are they necelTary, or mere poflibilities only ? Hooktr.

6. Rigoroufly ; oppreflively.
Many men believed that he was iar<//^ dealt with.
— . Clarendon.
rhcy are now in prifon, and treated hardly

enough; for there are fifteen dead within two years.

„, , Addifon.

Thev have begun to fay, and to fetch inftances,
where he has in many things been hardly ufed.

S^tft.

7. Unwelcomely; harflily.
Such information comes very hardly and harihly

to a grown man; and, however foftened goes but ill
down. ^,^^^

8. Notfoftly; not tenderly; not delicately.

Heav'n was her canopy ; bare earth her bed ;
So i.ri/r lodg'd. Dryden.

Hardmouthed. adj. [hard and mouth.]
Difobedient to the rein; not fenfiblc of
the bit.

'Tis time my hardmoulh'd covrfers to controul.
Apt to run not, and tranfgrcfs the goal. Dryderr.

But who can youth, let loofc to vice, reftrain \
When once the hardmouth'd horfe has got the rein.
He's part thy pow'r to ftep. Dryden.

Hardness.*./, \ixovn hard.]
I. Durity ; power of refiftance in bodies.

HarJnr/, is a firm cohefion of the parts of matter
that make up maffes of a fenfible bulk, fo tliat the
wluile does not eafily change its figure. Locke.

from iliq vaiieuj tombjnjtioas of ihefc cor-

H A R

pufcules happen all the varieties of the bodies formed
outot them, m colour, tafte, fmell, hanhefi, and
fpecfick gravity. h'oJduard.

2. JJiHiculty to be underftood.

This label on my bofom
is fo from fenfc in hardne/i, that I can
Make no collection of it. Shakefp,

3. JJifficuIty to be accomplifhed.
It was time now or never to (harpen my intention

to pierce through the hardnefsai this ent/rprize.

Concerning the duty itfelf, the hardnej, the^f
IS not fuch as needeth much art. Hooker.

4. Scarcity ; penury.
The tenants poor, the hardnef, of the times,

/^u J "'^"''^^ ^°'^ fervanl's crimes. Stulft,

5. Obduracy ; profligatenefs.
Every commiltion oflin introduces unto the foul

a certain degree of hardne/s, and an aptnefs to con,
tinue in that Im. South,

6. Coarfenefs; harfhnefs of look.

By their virtuous behaviour they compenfate the

.C c-^\ °^ '^''' ''"°"''' '■"' ^y ''" pulchritude of
their fou s make up what is wanting iii the beauty of
their bodies. jj^

7. Keennefs ; vehemence of weather or {Z-
fons.

Uihe tardnefi of the Winter (hould fpoil them,
neither the lofs of feed nor labour will be much.
o /-> 1 r Mortimer.

8. Cruelty of temper; favagenefsj harfli-
nefs; barbarity.

We will aflc,
That if we fail in our requeft, the blame
May hang upon our hardnefs. Shakejh..

They quicken (loth, perplexities untv,
^ .Make roughnefs fmootli, and Aari/75/i mollify.

9. StifFnefs; harflinefs. '" "^
Sculptors are obliged to follow the manners of the

painters, and to make many ample folds, whic4i
are infuffcrable hardneff,!, and more like a rock,
than a natural garment. Dryden.

10. Faulty parfiraony ; ftinginefs.
Ha'rdock. n.f. I fuppofc the /ime with

burdock.

Why he was met ev'n now,
Crown'd with rank fmniterand lurrow-weeds.
With bardoeks, hemlock, nettles, cuckoo-flowers.
u .-FT., Shakeff.

Hards, n.f. The refufe or coarfer part o£

Ha'rdshJp. n.f [from hardS]

1. Injury; oppreiTion.

They are ripe for a peace, to enjoy what we have
conquered (or them ; and fo are we, to recover the
effeOs of their bardjhifs upon us. Sviift.

2. Inconvenience ; fatigue.

They were e«pofed to hardj),!-- and penury. Spratr.
You could not undergo the ' of war.
Nor bear the barJJhipt that leaders bore.

• . , Addifcn,

in journeys or at home, in war or peace.
By hardjhip, many, many (all by raft. Prior.

Ha'roware. n.f. [hard vaA -ware.] Ma^

nufaftures of metal.
Ha'rdwari;man. n.f. [hardware and
man.] A maker or feller of metalline
manufaiftures.

One William Wood, an harduareman, obtains
by fraud a patent in England to coin copper to pafs in
Ireland. ^^^^

HA'RDY. adj. [hardi, French.!
I. Bold; brave; (lout; daring; refolute.
Try the imagination of fome in cock-fights, to
make one cock more hardy, and the other more
cowardly. ^f-r.,.

Recite
The feats of Amazons, the faf.il fight
Betwixt the hardy queen and hero knight. Dryden.
Who is thcie hardy enough to contend with the
rejroaclj which is prepared fur lliole, who dare ven-
ture

H A R

ture to diflefit from the received opinions of tVieir

country?

Loth.

Could ihirft of vengeance, »nd defire of fame,
Excite the female breaft with martial flame ?
And (hill not lo«'! diviner pow'r infpire
More iarJy virtue, and more gea'rous fire ! Prior.

2. Strong; hard; firm.

Is a man confident of his prefent ftrength ? An
ynwholelome blaft may (hake la pieces his barJv
fabrick. •Sox/i.

3. Confident; impudent; vicioufly ftub-
born.

Hare and Here, differing in pronuncia-
tion only, fignify both an army and a
lord. So Harold is a general of an army ;
Hareman, a chief man in the army; Hrr-
toiit, a vidorious army ; which are much
like Stratoclei, Polemarcbus, and Hegfji.
ftratus among the Greeks. Gibjhn's Camd.

HARE. »./. Lhapa, Saxon; karh, Erfe.]

1. A fmall quadruped, with long ears and
fhort tail, that moves by leaps, remark-
able for timidity, vigilance, and fecundi-
ty ; the common game of hunters.

Difm.iy'd not this

Our captaini Macbeth and Banquo ?

As fparrows eagles; or the hen, the lion. Shaiefp.

We view in the open champaign a brace of fwift

.greyhounds courting a good ftout and well-breathed

karr. Mare.

Your dreflings muft be with barr'i fur. ffifimai.

Poor is the triumph o'er the timid 6,ire. Tbom/on.

2. A conrtellation.

The iare appears, whofe aftive tays fupply
A n™ble force, and hardly wings deny. Creech.

To Hare. -v. n. \harier, French.] To
fright ; to hurry with terrour.

To hart and rate them, is not to teach but vex
them. Locke.

Ha'rebill. «./. \hare and W/,] A blue
flower campaniform.

Thou (halt not lack
The flow'r that's like thy face, pale primrofe; nor
The azur'd harebell, like thy veins. Shake/. Cymb.

Ha'rebrained. adj. [from hart the verb
and braiu.'\ Volatile; unfettled; wild:
fluttering; hurried.

That harebrained wild fellow begins to play the
fo»l, when others are weary of it. Bacon.

Ha'rffoot. »./. [i«« and/e«/.]

1. A bird. Ainf-worlb.

2. An herb. Ainfworth.
Ha'relip. »./. A fiffure in the upper lip

with want of fubftance, a natural defed.

The blots of nature's hand
Shall not in their ifTue (land;

Never mole, harelif', nor fear.
Shall upon their children be. Shake//}.

The third ftitch is performed with pins or needles,
as in bartlipt. tyi/rman.

Ha'respear.. »./ [i«//i?«n«w, Latin.] A

plant. Millar.

Ha'rier. ti. f. [from hare.'\ A dog for

hunting bares. Ainfworth,

T» Hark. v. n, [Contraftcd from hearieit.}

To liften.

The' king.

To me inveterate, barkt my brother's fuit. Sbake/f.
Pricking up his ears to hark

If he could hear too in the dark. Hitdiirai.

llAKK.iaierJ. [It is originally the imperative
of the verb ^ffr/f.] Lift! hear! lilten!
What harmony is this? My good friends, hark!

Sbake/peare.

The butcher faw him upon the gallop with a piece

efflelh, and called out. Hark ye, friend, you may

make the bcft of your purchafe. L'hylrange.

Hark! methiuks the roar that late purfu'd me.
Sinks like the murmurs of a falling wind. Re^ie.

H A R

Hark how loud the woods
Invite you forth ! Tbemjon.

Harl. n.f.

1. The filaments of flax.

2. Any filamentous fubftance.

The general fort are wicker hives, made of privet,
willow, or harl, daubed with cow-dung. Mortimer,

HA'RLEtyjiN. »./. [This name is faid to
have been given by t'rancis of France to
a bufy buffoon, in ridicule of his enemy
Charles le quint. Menage derives it more
probably from a famous comedia.i that
frequented Mr. Harley'i houfe, whom his
friends called Harlequino, little Harley.
TVm;.] a buflfoon who plays tricks to
divert the populace ; a Jack-pudding; a
zani.

Tlie joy of a king for a vlflory muft not be like
that of a burlejuin upon a letter from his milb'efs.

Dryden.
The man in graver tragick known.
Though his belt part long fince was done,

Still on the ftage dcfires to Urry ;
And he who play'd the harlequin,
After the jed ftill loads the fcene.

Unwilling to retire, though weary. Prior.
HA'RLOT. «./. [herlodes,\Vt\ai, a girl.
Others for korelet, a little whore. Others
from the name of the mother of William
the Conqueror. Murlet is ufed in Chancer
for a low male drudge.] A whore ; a
ftrumpet.

Away, my difpolition, and polTefs me with
Some ia/7o/'jfpirit. Shakeff.

They help thee by fucb aids as gcefe and barloit.

Bert yo»/cH,
The barbarous harlots crowd the publick place ;
Go, fools, and purchafe an unclean embrace. Dryden.
Ha'rlotry. «./. [itom harlot. 1

1. The trade of a harlot; fornication.

Nor (hall.
From Rome's tribunal, thy harangues prevail
'Gainft harlotry, while thou art clad fo tliin. Dryden,

2, A name of contempt for a woman.

A pecvilh fclf-wiU'd harlo'try.
That no perfuafion can do good upon, Shake/f.

HARM. «./. [heapm, Saxon.]

1. Injury; crime; wrckednefs.

2. Mifchief; detriment; hurt.

We, ignorant of ourfelves.
Beg often our own harnn, which the wife Powers
Deny us for our good. Shake//).

How are we happy ftill in fear of harm f
But barm precedes not fin. Milton.

They (hould be fulfered to write on: it would
keep them out of harm's way, and prevent them
from evil courfes. Sviji.

To Harm. v. a. To hurt; to injure.
What fenfe had I of her ftol'n hours of lull ?
I faw't not, thought it not, it harm'daiA me. Shak.

' Pa({ions ne'er could grow

To harm another, or impeach your relV. Waller,

After their young are hatched, they brood them

under their wings, left the cold, and fometimes the

heat (hould barm them. Kay.

Ha's-MYVl. adj. [harm ind full.] Hurtful;
roifchievous; noxious ; injurious; detri-
mental.

His dearly loved fquirc
His fpear of heben-wood behind him bare,

Whofe harmful head, thrice heated in the fire.
Had riven many a breaft with pike-head fcjuarc.

Spen/cr.

Let no man fear that barm/ul creature lefs, be-

caufe he fees the apoftle fafe from that poifon. Hall.

The earth brought forth ftuit atid food for man,

without any mixture of Ajrm/ii/ quality. Raleigb.

For flax and oats will burn the tender field.
And flecpy poppies harmful haivefts yield. Dryden.

HA'RMFULi,Y.fl</'r. [from>!i<7rOT/a/.] Hurt-
fully; noxioufly; detrimentally.

H A R

A fcholar is belter occupied in playing or (Ieepit>|,

than fpending his time not only vainly, but Mrnr.

fully in fuch kind of exetcifc. A/ibam.

Ha'rmfulness. n. f. [from harmful,]

Hurtfulnefs; mifcliievoufnefs ; noxiou{-

ncfs.

Ha'rmless. adj. [from harm,]

1. Innocent; innoxious; not hurtful.

Touching ceremonies barmle/s in ihemfclves, and
hurtful only in rclpedt of number, was it amifs to
decree that thofe things that were leaft needful, and
newlicft come, (hould be the iirft that were taken
away ? Hooker,

She, like harmlefe lightning, throws her eye
On him, her brothers, me, her mailer; hitting
Each objedt with a joy. Shakeff,

2. Unhurt; undamaged.

The (hipwright will be careful to gain by his li>
hour, or at leall to fave himfclf barmfefs, and there-
fore fuit his work (lightly, according to a flight price.

Raleigh.
Ha'rmlessly. fli/i/. \itomharmlefs.] In-
nocently; without hurt; without crime.

He fpent that day free from worldly trouble, barm^
le/ily, 3ai iu a recreation that became a churchman.

IValion.

Bullets batter the walls which ftand inflexible, but

fall hjrmle/ily into wood or feathers. Decay of Piety.

Ha'rmlessness. ». /. [from harmlejs.]

Innocence ; freedom from tendency to iii-

jury or hurt.

When, through taftelefs flat humility.
In dough-bak'd men fome harmlej/ne/t we fee,
'Tis but his phlegm tlut's virtuous, and not he.

Donne.

Compare the harmlejfne/i, the credulity, the ten-

dernefs, the modelty, and the ingenuous pliablenefs

to virtuous counfels, which is in youth untainted,

with the rsifchievoufnefs, the flynels, the craft, the

impudence, the fallhood, and the confirmed obft<-

nacy in an aged long-pratlilcd finner. South.

Harmo'nic AL. \ci^'. [<io/*o»(«« ; barman

Ha'rmonick. J nique, French.]

1. Relating to mufick; fufccptiblc of mu-
fical proportion to each other.

After every three whole notes, nature requireth,
for all harmonical ufe, one half note to be intcrpofed.

Sacon^

2. Concordant ; muCcal ; proportioned to
each other: lefs properly.

Harmonical founds, and difcordant founds, are
both adive and pofitive ; but blacknefs and darknelii
are, indeed, but privatives. Bacon.

So fwells each wind-pipe ; afs intones to afs,
Harmonick twang of leather, horn, and brafs. Poft,
Harmo'nious. adj. [harmonieux, Fr. from
harmtny,]

1. Adapted to each other; having the parts
proportioned to each other; fymmetrical.

All the wide-extended Iky,
And all the harmonious worlds on high,
And Virgil's I'acred work (hall dye. Coivley,

God has made the inielleAual world harmonious
and beautiful without us; but it will never come
into our heads all at once; we muft bring it home
piece-meal. Locke.

2. Having founds concordant to each other;
mufical; fymphonious.

Thoughts that voluntary move
Harmoni'jus numbers. Ml/ton,

The verfe of Chaucer is not harmonious to us:
they wholived with him, thought it mufical. Dryden,

Harmo'niously. eid'v. [from harmonious.]
I. With juft adaptation and proportion of
parts to each other.

Not chaoi-like, together crufli'd and bruis'd ;
But as the world, harmoniou/ly con{\si*di
Where order in variety we fee.
And where, tliough all things di(rcr, they agree. Po/ie,
That all thefe diftances, motions, and quantities
of matter (liould be fo accurately and harmonioujiy
adjufted in this great variety of our fyftem, is above

the

H A R

Hit fortuitous hits of blind material auks, and maft I
certainly flow from that eterual fountain of wifdom. 1

Benllcy.

2. Mufically ; with concord of founds.

Ifwe lock upon the world as a mulical inftrnmcnt,

wdl-tuncd: and harmaiiimjly ftruck, wc ought not

to worlhip the inllrumenty but him that makes the

mufick. i^fdhngPrt.

Harmo'niousness.w./. [frotn^flr/7!s»/i)«y.]

Proportion ; muficalnefs.
To Ha'rmonize. v. a. [from harmoir)-.\
To adjuft in fit proportions ; to make
mufical.

V Love firft invented verfe, and I'orm'd the rhime,

The motion meafur'd, harmMi^'d the chime.
HA'RMONY. n.J. [u^y^on'x; harmome,Yx.]

1. The juft adaptation of one part to an-
other.

The pleafures of the eye and ear are but the ef-
k(\i of equality, good proportion, or correfpondence j
lb that eijuality and correfpondence arc the caufes of
harmony. Baton.

The hjrmyny of things.
As well as that of founds, from difcord fprings.

Denbam.

Sure infinite wifdom muftaccomplilhall its works
with confumate harmory, proportion, and regularity.

Cb^yntr,

2. Juft proportion of found ; mufical con-
cord.

The found
Symphonious, of ten thoufand harps that tun'd
Angelic barnunUs. Milton.

Harmony is a compound idea, made up of different
found* united. Walls.

3. Concord; correfpondent fentiment.

In us both one loul.
Harmony to behold ^n wedded pair !
More grateful than harmonious founds to th' car.

Milion.
I no fooner in my heart divinM,
My heart, which by a fecret barmmy
Still moves w/th thine, join'd in connexion fweet !

Milton.

HA'RXESS. n. f. \barMf,s, Fr.] fuppofed
from iern or hiern, Runick ; hiairn, \A'el(h
and Erfe, iron.

1, Armour; defenfive furniture of war.
Somewhat antiquated.

A goodly knight, all drefs'din htmuft meet.
That from his head no place appeared to his feet.

S^tnfir.
Of no right, nor colour like to right.
He doth (ill fields with hatnrfs. Sbahff.

Were 1 a gieat man, I Ihould fear to drink :
Great men Ihould drink with hainijt on their throats.

Hhakrff.

2. The traces of draoehtKorfcs, particularly
of carriages of pleahire or ftate : of other
carriages we fay getr.

Or will thou ride > Thy horfcs (hall be trapp'd,
IKclr hgrneji ftudded all with gold and pearl. Sbak.

* Their (teeds around.

Free f(om the barnrfi, graie the flow'ry ground.

Dryien,

To Harness.i). a, [from the noun.]

1. Todrcfs in armour.

He was harnijl light, and to the field goes he.

Sbakejfrare.
Full fifty years, harntfs'd in rugged fteel,
1 haveendut'd the biting Winter's blaft. Rovie.

2. To fixhorfes In their traces.

Before the door her iron chariot flood.

All ready batnrjfed for journey new. Sftnfir.

^ Ham JtX^z horfes, and get up the horfemen, and

ftand forth with your hamlets. Jtr. xl/i. 4.

When I plow my i^round, my horfc is barnrj/^d

and chained to my plough. Halt'i Orig. ofAJankind.

To the barnrfftd yoke
They lend their Ihouldcr, aud begin their toil.

Thomfon.

HARP. n.J. [h«arp,Saxon ; W/^ French.

H A R

It is ufed through both theTeutonick and |
Roman dialefts, and has been long in ufe.

RcmaHuh; lyrS. flaudat tiiii Barluirui harpa.
Ven. Fort. J

1. A lyre ; an inftrument ftrung with wire
and commonly ftruck with the finger.

Arion.wlien through tempefts cruel wreck
He forth was thrown into the greedy fcas.

Through the fweet mufick which his barf did
make,
Allur'd a dolphin him from death to eafe. Spenfer,

They touch'd their golden barfs, and hymning
prais'd
God and his works. Milton.

Nor wanted tuneful barf, nor vocal quire ;
The mufe»fung, .Apollo touch'd the lyre. Drydin.

2. A conftellation.

Next Ihines the Ijarf, and through the liquid fkies
The (hell aslightert, hrtl begins to rife ;
Thus when fweet (irpheus flruck to lilt'ning rocks
He fenfes gave, and ears towither'd oaks. Cracb.

To Harp. t;. ». [harper, French from the
noun.j

1 . To play on the harp.

. 1 heard the voice of harpers barfing with their

harps. Rtxi.

Things without life giving found, whether pipe

or barf, except they give a dillint^ion in ihe founds,

how fhall it be known what is piped or barfed /

1 Cur.
The helmed cherubim,
And fvvordcd fcraphini.

Arc feen in glitt'ring ranks with wings difplay'd,
Harfing in loud and folemn quire.
With uncxprellive notes to hcav'n's new-bom heir.

Milton.

2. To touch any pafiion, as the harper
touches a ftring ; to dwell on a fubjeft.

You barf a little too much upon one ftring. Collier.
Gracious duke,
Harf not on that, nor do not banifh reafon
For inequality ; but let your reafon fervc
To make the truth appear. Sbak. MeaJ.fpr Meaf.

For thv good caution, thanks :
Thou'ft barf'd my fear aright. Sbakeff. Macittb.

He feema
Proud and difdainl'ul, barfing on what I am.
Not what he knew I was. Sbakeff. Ant. and Cleof.

H a'rp ER. n. J. [from harp.\ A player on
the harp.

Never will I truft to fpeeches penn'd.
Nor to {hx motion of a fchoolboy's tongue ;
Nor wooe in rhime, like a blind barfer'i fong. Sbak.
I'm the god of the harp: Itop, my laircft: — in vain;
Nor the harp, nor iht barter, could fetch her again.

7Vf*r//.

Ha'rpinc /r»». »./. [from harpago, Li\in.'\
A bearded dart with a line faftened to the
handle, with which whales are ftruck and
caught.

The boat which on the firfl alTault did go,
Struck with a barfing iron the younger foe j
Who, when he fclr hu tide fo rudely goar'd,
Loud as the fca that nomilh'd him he roar'd. Waller.

Harpone'er. n. f. \harponeur, Fr. from
harpoon.'\ He that throws the harpoon
in whale fiftiing.

Harpo'on. n. f, [harpoit, French.] A
harping iron.

Ha'rpsichord. n. /. a muGcal inftru-
ment, ftrung with wires, and played by
ftriking keys.

Ha'rpy. n, f. [harfyia, Latin; harpie, har-
fyc, French.]

I. The harpiet vfcrt a. kind of birds which
had the faces of women, and foul long
claws, very filthy creatures, which, when
the table was furnifhed for Phincus, came
flying in, and devouring or carrying
away the greater part of the viftuals, did

HAR

fo defile the reft that they could not be
endured. Raleigh.

That an barfy is not a centaur is by this way at
much a truth, as that a fquarc is not a circle.

Locke.
2. A ravenous wretch ; an extortioner.

I will do you any ambalfage to the pigmies, rather
than hold three words conference with this barfy,

Sbakeffearr.

HA'RQVEBtJss. ff. /. [See Arcjuebuse.]

A handgun
Ha'rquebussier. n.f. \^rovaharqttebufs.'\

One armed with a harquebufs.

I'wenty thoufand nimble bar'juehujfiers were

ranged in length, and but five in a rank. Knolles.

Harrida'n. n.f. [corrupted from haridellf,.

a worn-out worthlefs horfe.j A decayed'

ftrumjiet.

She juft endur'd the Winter the began,.
And in four months a batter'd harridan ;
Now nothing's left, but withcr'd, pale, and (hrunk.
To bawd for others, and go (hares with punk. Swift.
Ha'rrow. ». /. [chanorie, French ; harcke,
German, a rake.] A frame of timbers
crofting each other, and fet with teeth,
drawn over fowed ground to break the
clods, and throw the earth over the feed.

The land with daily care
Iseiercis'd,and with an iron war
Of rakes and harrovjs. Dryden.

Two fmall harro-ws, that clap on each (ide of the
ridge, harrow it right up and down. Mortimer,

To Ha'rrow. 'v, a, [from the noun.]

1. To cover with earth by the harrow.

Friend, barrow in time, by fome manner of
means.
Not only thy peafon, but alfo thy beans. Tuffer.

2. To break with the harrow.

Can'ft thou bind the unicorn with his bond in the
furrow > or will he barrow the vaUeys after thee ?

Joi.
Let the Volfcians
Plow Rome and barrow Italy, Sbakeff.

3. To tear up ; to rip up.

1 could a tale unfold, whofelighteft word-
Would barrow, up thy foul, freeze thy young blood.
Make thy twoeyes, like ftars, ftart from their fphcres.

Sbakeff.

Imagine you bohold me bound and fcourg'd,
My aged m\i(c\cs barra^v'd up with whips ;
Or hear me groaning on the rending rack. Rowe.

4. To pillage ; to ft|;ip ; to lay wafte. Sec
Harrv, which in Scottifti is the fame
thing.

As the king did excel in good comr.onwe.ilth
laws, fu he had in fecret a dcftgn to ni.ike ufe of
them, as well for colle^ing of tieafure as forcor*
reefing of manners ; and fo meaning thereby ta
barrow his people, did accumulate them the rather.

Bacon.

5. To invade ; to harafs with incurfions,
[From )3<t»i5ian, Saxon.] Obfoletc.

And he that /jarr:tw*d hell with heavy ftowre.
The faulty fouls from thence brought to liis heavenly
bowrc. i^airy Q^teen.

Moft glorious Lord of life, that on this day
Did'ft make thy triumph over death and fin ;

And having «arrii'a''^hell, did'ft bring away

Captivity thence captive, us to win. Sfenfer.

5, To difturb; to put into commotion.

[This ftiould rather be written harry,.

harer, French.]

Moft like : it harro-ws me with feat and wonder.

Shakiff.
Amaz'd I (tood, barrow'd with grief and care.

Milton.
Ha'rrow. interj. An exclamation of fud-
dendiftrefs. N'ow out of ufe.

Harrow now out and weal away, he cried ;
What difmal day hath fcnt this curled light.
To fee .Tiy lord fo deadly damnifj "d. Sfenfer,

Ha'rrower,.

H A R

Ha'rkoweii. *./ [from harmu-l

1 . He who harrows.

a. A kind of hawk. Amf'wtrth.

I'o Ha'rrt. v. a, [barer, French.]
X. Toteaze; to hare ; to ruffle.

Thou muft not tilte mjr former Iharpnefs ill.

1 repent me much
That 1 (o harry'd him. Sbaieff.

2. In Scotland it fignifies to rob, plunder,
or opprefs : as, one harried a mji ; that
is, he took the young away : as alfo, he
harried me out of houje and home ; that is
he robbed me of my goods and turned
tne out of doors. See To Harrow.

Harsh, adj. \bervijche, German, SkinneT.'\

1. Auftere ; roughly four.

Ojr nature here is not unlike our wine ;
Some forts, when old, continue bcilkand fine :
So age's gravilj' may feem fcvere.
But nothing ijryiZi or Sitter ought t'appear. Dcnhtm.

Sweet, bitter, lour, harjh and fait, are all the
epithets we have to denominate that numberlcfs va-
riety of relifhes. Locke.

The fame defed of heat which gives a fiercenefs
«o our natures, may contribute to that roughncfs ol
of language, which bears forae analogy to the baijh
fruit of colder countries Sv.'i/t.

2. Rough to the ear.

A name unmufical to Volfcian cars.
And iarjb in found to thine. Sbaieff.

Age might, what nature never gi«s the young.
Have taught the fmoothnefs of thy native tongue j
But falire needs not that, and wit will (hine
Through the haijh cadence of a rugged line. Dryd.

The unneccffary confonanis made tlicir Ipelling
tedious, and their pronunciation barjb, Drjden.

Thy lord commands thee now
With a harJh voice, and fupercilious brow.
To fervile duties. _ Dryden.

J. Crabbed ; morofe ; peevifh.

He was a wife man and an eloquent ; but !n his
-jiature harJh and haughty. Bacon.

Bear patiently the barJb words of thy enemies,
as knowing that the anger of an enemy admonilhes
us of our duty. ^ Baylor.

No harJh reflexion let remembrance raife ;
forbear to mention whatthou can'ftnot praife. Prior.

A certain quicknefs of apprehenlion inclined him
to kindle into the firft motions of anger ; but for a
long time before he died, no one heard an intem-
perate or bar/h word proceed from him. Atterbury,

4. Rugged to the touch ; rough.

Black feels as if you were feeling needles points,
or fome barfii fand ; and red feels very fmooth. Bojlr.
f. Unplciftng ; rigorous.

With eloquence innate Ms tongue was arm'd ;
Thougii ^ar/i the precept, yet the preacher charm'd.

Dryden.
Ha/rshly. ad'v. [from har/b.

1. Sourly ; auftere}|y to the palate, as unripe
fruit.

2. With violence ; in oppofition to gentle-
nefs, unlefs in the following paiTage it
rather fignifies unripcly.

'Till like ripe fruit, thou drop
Into thy mother's lap ; or be with eafe
Cathcr'd, not baijhly pluck'd. MlhoH.

3. Severely ; morofely ; crabbedly.

I would rather he was a man of a rough temper,
that would ueat me barjhly, than of an effeminate
nature. AdJiJon.

4. Unpleafantly to the ear.

My wife is in a wayward mood to-day ;
X tell you, 'twould found barjhly in her earl. Shak.

Get from him why he puts on this confuhon.
Crating iobarjbly all hit days of quiet
With turbulent and dang'rous lunacy. Sbakefp.

The rings of iron that on the doors were hun?.
Sent out a jarring found, and bar/Liy rung. Dryd,

Ha'rshnf..";s. »./. [from harjh,^
I, Sournefs ; auftere tafte.

Tike an a]>f le and roll it uoon a taUc hard : the

H A R

railing doth foften and fweetcn the fruir, which is
nothing but the fmooth diftributlonol the fpirih into
the part! ; for the unequal dillribution of the fpirits
inaketh the bar/bii,/t. Bucon.

2. Roughnefs to the ear.

Neither can the natural barjhmfs of the French,
or the perpetual ill accent, be ever refined into perfcft
harmony like the Italian. Dryden.

Cannot 1 admire the height of Milton's inventio«,
and the ilrengih of his expreliion, without defending
his antiquated words, and the perpetual b.irjhnrft of
their found f Dryden.

' Tis not enough no barjbnefs gives offence ;
The found muft teem an echo to the fenfe. Pope.

3. Ruggednefs to the touch.

H.irjbnefx and ruggednefs of bcdies is unpleafantto
the touch. Bacon.

4. Crabbednefs ; morofenefs ; peeviihnefs.

Thy tender-hefted nature (hall not give
Thee o'er to ha,rjhnej< : her eyes are tierce, but thine
Do comfort and not burn. Sh.ihfp.

HART. «./. [)5eopr, Saxon.] A he-deer ;
the male of the roe.

That inftant was I turn'd into a hart,
.\nd my dcfires, like fell and cruel hounds.
E'er liuce purfucme. Shakrjf.

The deer
And fearful barts do wander everv where
Amidft the dogs. Mafi Virgil.

Ha'rtshorn. »./.

Hartjborn is a drug that comes into ufe many
ways, and under many forms. What is ufed here are
the whole horns of the common male deer, which
fall off every yeir. This fpecies is the fallow deer ;
but fome tell i-s, that the medicinal A<irr/Zjoi«lhould
be that of tl-.e true hart or Hag. The fait oi bartjhirn
is a great fudorifick, and the fpirit has all the virtues
of volatile alkalies : it is ufed to bring people out of
fainting by its pungency, holding it under the nol -,
and pouring down fome drops of it in water. Hill.

Ramofc concretions of the volatile falts are ob-
fervable upon the glafsofthe receiver, uhilft the
fpirits of vipers and barijborn are drawn. IP'oodiaard.

Ha'rtshorn. »./. An herb. AinfiKiortk.
Hart-royal, n.f. A plant. A fpecies

of buckthorn-plaintain.
Ha'rtstonoue. n, J.SJinguacervina , Lat.]

A plant.
It commonly grows out from the joinUof old walls

and buildings, where they arc moift and Ihady.

There are very few of them in Europe. Miller.

Hartfiangue is propogatcd by parting the roots, and

alfo by feed . Mortimer.

Ha'rtwort. n.f. \tordyUum ,\m\vi.'\ An
umbelliferous plant. Miller.

HA'RVEST. ».f. [jjanperr, Saxoii.]

1. The feafon of reaping and gathering the
corn.

As it ebbs, the feedfman
Upon the llime and ooze fcattcrs bis grain.
And Ihorlly conies to iarvf//. Sbakeff.

With harvrjl work he is worfe than in Spring.

l.'Ejlranie.

2. The corn ripened, gathered and inned.

From Ireland come I wiih my ftrcngth.
And reap the baiveft which that rafcii fow'd. Sbak.

When the father is too fondly kind.
Such feed he fo^s, (ach barvejl (hiW he hod. Dryd.

3. The produrt of labour.

Let us the barvejl of our labour eat ;
'Tis labour makes the coarfell diet fweet. Dryden.
Harvls r-Ho.ME. n.f.

1. The fong which the reapers fing at the
feaft made ft)r having inned the harveft.

Your hay it ismow'd, and your corn is rcap'd ;
Your barns will be full, and your hovels hcap'd;

Come, myboys, come,

Come, my boys, come,
And merrily roar out harvejl'home. Dryden.

2. The time of gathering harveft.

At barvejl-bome^ and on the (hearing-day.
When he Ihould thanks to Pan and Pales pay. Dryd.

3. The opportunity of gathering treafure.

HAS

His wife I will ufe as the key of the cuckoljy
rogue's coSer ; and there's my bjirveft-bomu

Sbake/p. Mer-y Wiveief IViudJor.

Ha'rvest-lord. n.f. The head reaper ac

the harveft.
Grant haiveJl-Uri uott by a penny or two.

To call on his lellows the better to do. buffer.

Ha'rvester. n. f. [from harvefi.] One

who works at the harveft.
Ha'rvestman. n.f. [lutivi;/} and man] A

labourer in harveft.

Like to a baivejl-man that's talk'd to bow
Or all, or lofe his hire. Sbakrfp.

To Hash. i/. ». [backer, French.] 'I o
mince ; to chop into fmaJI pieces asd
mingle.

He rais'd his arm
Above his head, and rain'd a ftorm
Of blows fo terrible and thick

As if he meant tabajh her cjuick. Hudibra:.

What have they to complain of but too great
variety, though fome of the didies be not fnved in
the exacUft order, and pulitcnefs ; but Iwjled Uf in
I'alte > Garth.

Hask. fi. f. This feems to fignify a cafe
or habitation made of ruQies or flai;^.
Obfi;Iete,

Phffibus, weary of his yearly talk,
Ellablilhed hath his deeds in lowly lay.
And taken up his inn in fi(\Kib.iJk. Sfenfet .

Ha'scET. )//./ [/'<7/i7,Illandick, a bun-
Ha'rslet. j die; hajhrel, haj}ereau,k,ijlier.
French.] 'Fhe heart, liver, and lights of
a hog, with the windpipe, and part of
the throat to it.
Hasp. n. f. - hxpj-, Saxon, whence in
fome provinces it is yet called hapfe.]
A clafp folded over aftaple, and faftened
on with a padlock.

Have Qcor^ to open and (hut at pleafure, with

baffi to them. MoitiKcr.

To Hasp. 1: n. [from the noun.] To

fhut with a hafp.
Ha'ssock. n.f. [bafeck, German.] Skinner.

1. A thick mat on which men kneel at
church.

• He found his parllhioners very irregular; and in
order to make them kneel, and join in refponfcs,
he gave every one of them a bajjock and common
prayer book. Addifon.

2. In Scotland it is applied to any thing
made of ru(hes or privet, on which a
perfon may fit : it is therefore probable
that haffock and hajk are the fame.

Hast. The fecond perfon fingular of /&«-iif .
HASTE, n.f [hafie, French; haefle, Dutch.]

1. Hurry; fpeed ; nimblenefs; precipita-
tion.

Spare him death ! i

But O, thou wilt not, can'ft not fpare ! *

Hajlt hath never time to hear. CreiJhiKi/.

Our lines reform'd, and not compos'd in bajie,
Folilh'd like marble, would like marble lall;
But as the prctcni, 10 the tallage wiit ;
In both we find like negligence and wit. IFalier,

In as much b.^Jle as 1 am, I cannot forbear giving
an CKaniple. Dryden.

The wretched father running to th' ir aid
With pious hajie, but vain, they next invade. Dryd.

2. Pamon ; vehemence.

I faid in my bafle all ir.cn are liars. Pfalmt.

•To H A s T e . X'-j.n. [hafter, French ; ha^en,
ToHa'sten. J Dutch.]
I . To make hafte ; to be in a hurry ; to be
bufy ; to he fpcedy.

1 have not bajlmed from being a palior to follow
thee. Jer.

z. To move with fwiftnefs ; cagernefs; or
hurry.

•Til

HAS

'Tis Clnna, I do know him by his gait ;
Heisatricnd. Cinna, where /ia/?c you fo ? Sbak.

They were troubled and hajicd an ay. Pfalms,

All thofe things are pafied away like a (hadqw,
ind as a poll thai hjflid by. Wifd'jm.

Hafi'wg to pay his tri^Mte to the fe.i.
Like mortal life to meeteternity. Denbam^

Thefe rites perform 'd, the prince without delay,
Hajlts totiie nether ^vorld, his deftin'd way. Drya.

To dirtant Sparta, and the fpacious wafte
Of fandy Pyle, the royal youth Ihall bajle. ?tfr.

Soon as the fun awakes, the fprightly court
Leave their repofe, and hjjlen to the fporr. Prior.
To Haste. I f . a. To pnfh forward; to
5"<> Ha'sten. J urge on ; to precipitate ;
to drive a fwifter pace.

Let it be fo baftrd, that fupper be ready at the
fartheft by five of the clock. Shakeff.

All hopes of fuccour from your arms are part ;
To fave us now you mud our ruin bajie, Dryden.

Each fees his lamp with ditf "rent luftre crown'd ;
Each knows his courfe withdiflT' rent periods bound;
And in his paffage through the litjuid fpace,
\oz bajitns, nor retards his neighbour's race. Prior,

Ha'stener. «. /. [from haj}en.'\ One

that hailens or hurries.
Hastily, ad'v, [itom hafty.'\

1. In a hurry; fpeedily ; nimbly ; quickly.

A voice that called loud and clear.
Come hither, hither, O come bajlily ! Sfenfer.

If your grace incline that we Ihould live,
You mull not Sir, too bafii/y forgive. ffailer.

The next to danger, hot p urfu'd by fate,
Half cloth'd, half naked, bafii/y retite. Drjdtn.

2. Rafhiy ; precipitately.

Without ccniideriog coofequencei, we bafilly en-
gaged in a war which bath colt us futy millions.

Stri/i.

J. Paflionately ; with vehemence.
Ha'stiness. »./. [froni hafy.'\
i. Halle; fpeed.
2.. Hurry; precipitation.

A fellow being out of breath, or fceming to be
for hafte, with humble bjjiincfi to;d Baliiius.6'W»y.

3. Ra(h eagemefs.

The tiim»ot his verfe, hisbreakings, his propriety,
his numbers, and his gravity, I have as far imitated
as the poverty of our language, and the bjjiinrfi of
my perlormancc, would allow. Dryden.

There is moll jult caufe to fear, left our bajiimfs
to embiace a thing of fo" perilous confequence, ihould
•aufe pofterity to feel thofe evils. Hooker.

4. Angry teftinefs ; paflionate vehemence.
Wa'stincs. ». /. [from haftj.\ Peas that

come early.
The large while and green hajiingt are not to be

fet till the cold is over. Mortimer.

Ha'sty.i7<//, [hnJlif,Yu itomhajie; batjtig,

Dutch.] ♦

I. Qtiick; fpccdy.

Is the cotmfcl that we two have fhar'd.
The lilicrs vows, the hours that we have fpeot,
When »e have chid the bafiyfoolti lime
Forparfing us! Shake/,

3. IWionate ; vehement.

He that is flow to wraih isof great underflanding.
but he that is bajlyoi fpiiitexalteth folly. Preverii.

3. Rafh ; precipitate.

See'ft thou a man that is bafly \p his words ?
There is more hope ot a fool than ol him. l'rovcr!/t.

Be not rafli with iliy mouth, and let not thuie
heart be bajly to uucr any thing before Cod.

Eccl. ». 1.

4. Early ripe.

Beauty (hall be a fading flower, and as the ba/ly
fruit betore the fummer. Ifji^ib.

Hasty-puddino, n.f. A pudding made
of milk and flower, boiled quick toge-
ther ; as alfo of oatmeal and water boiled
together.

Sire bj/ly-fiudJIng is thy chiefeft difh,
Wiih bullock's liver, or lome tfiaking (Ufa, Dor/ei.

Vol. L

HAT

HAT. n.f. [hasr, Saxon; hatt, German.]
A cover for the head.

She's as big as he is ; and there's her thrum hal,
and her mufiier 100, Sbiikeff.

Out of mere ambition you have made
Your holy hat be ftamped on the king's coin. Sbak.
His bat was like a helmet, or Spanilh montcro.

Baron.
Hermes o'er his head in air appcar'd.
And with foft words his drooping fpirits cheer'd ;
Hts .6^/ adorn'd with wings difdos'u the god.
And in his hand he bore tlie lleep-compclling rod.

Ihyd.i.
Ha'tband. 71,/. [hating band.'[ A Itring
tied round the hat.

They had hats of blue velvet, with £ne plumes of
divers colours, let round like bjtbunds. Baart.

Room for the noble gladiator ! fee
His coat and haltand Ihew his quality. Drvden.

Ha'tcase. ». /. Ihai and ca/e.} A flight
box for a hat.

I might mention a haicafe, which I would tut ex-
change for all the beavers in Gieat Britain. Aidifon.

To Hatch, t. a. \hecken, German, as
Skinner thinks, from heghen, eghin cej,
egg, Saxon.]

1. 'To produce young from eggs by the
warmth of incubation.

He kindly fpreads his fpacious wing.
And ialebes plenty for tb' eul'uing Spring. Deuiam.

The tepid caves, and fens and Ihores,
Their brood as numi:rou:> hutch from th' eggs, that

fooii
Burning with kindly rapture, forth dlfclo.'d
Theit callow young. MUlon.

2. To quicken the egg by incubation.

When they have laid fuch a number of eggs as tlicy
can convenicn ily cover and i6«rc/>^thcy give ovci and
begin 10 lit. Ray.

Othfrs A«/rA their eggs, and tend the birth, 'nil
it is able to Ihift for itfell. AddifjK.

3. To produce by precedeift a£lion.

Which thing they very well know, and, I doubt
not, will eafily confcfs, who live to their great both
toil and grief, where the blafphemiea of Arians are
renewed by them ; who, to batch their herefy, have
chofen thoic churches as fitlelt nclis, wliere Athana-
fiui's creed is not heard. Haaier.

4. To form by meditation ; to contrive.

He was a man harmlefs and faithful, and one who

never hatched any hopes prejudicial to the king, but

always intended hisfalety and honour. llayxmrd.

J. [trom hatcher, to cut.] Toihade b^' lines

in drawing or graving.

Who firft Ihall wound, through other*' anas, hi*
blood appearing frelh.
Shall win his fword, lilver'd and balcht. Cbafman,

Such us Agamemnon and the hand of Greece
Should hold up high in braCs ; and fuch agaia
As venerable Nellor, hatch'd in Clver,
Should with a band of air, ftrong as the axle-tree
On which heav'n tides, knit all the Grecian can
To his experienced tongue. Sbakefp. .

Thofe tender halts, and thafe batching ftrpkes of
the pencil, which make a kind of minced meat in
painting, are never able to deceive the light.

Drydirt.

To HATCH. ^•. ».

1. To be in a ftate of growing quick.

He obferved circumftances iii eggs, whilft they
were batching, which I'aned. Bo\Ie.

2. To be in a Bate of advance towards cffett.
Hatch, a./, [from the verb.]

1. A brood excluded from the egg.

2. The aft of exclufion from the egg.

3. Difclofure; difcovery.

Something's in his foul.
O'er which his melancholy His on brood :
And, I do doubt, the batch and the difclofc
Will be fome danger. Sbake/ji. lUmlel.

4. [llaxa, Saxon ; ^fifr, Dutch, a bolt.] A
half dooti ) 4pO( with, opening over it;

W A t

perhaps from hacher, to cat, as a hatch ik
part of a door cat in two.

Something about, a little from the right.
In at the window, or elfe o'er the hatch. Shahff,

5. [In the plural.] The doors or openings
by which they defcend from ona deck, or
floor of a tbip to another.

To the king's Inip, invifible as thou art.
There (halt thou find the mariners afleep
Under the hatches. Shake/f. tetnfrfi.

Therclhe'shidj
The mariners all under hatchet ftow'd. Shairff,

Sofeas, impelled by winds with added pow'r,
AlTault the (ides and o'er the hatches tow'r. Dryi.

A (hip was faften'd to the thore;
The plank was ready laid for fafe afcenf.
For (belter there the trembling ihadow bent.
And (kipp'd and (kulk'd, and under i6ii(r/ifr went.

Dryden.

6. To be tiniler Hatches. To be in a ttate
of ignominy, poverty, or dcpreflion.

He atfures us how this fatherhood continued its
courfe, 'till the captivity in Egypt, and then the poor
fatherhood was w:der hathfs. Lotk».

7. Hatches. Floodgates. Aitt/ivorth.
To HA'TCHEL. 'v. a. [itaf/ii/car, German.]

To beat flax fo .is to feparate tire fibrout'
from the brittle part.

The albcftos mentioned by Kircher, in his de-
fcription of China, put into water, moulders like
day, and is a tibrous fmall excrefcence, like hairs
growing upon the Itones ; and for the hatcheilinr^
(pinning, and weaving it, he refers \.o)\ii munduif-Ji.
tertantus. H'o.^duard.

Ha'tchhl. w./. [from the verb; hachel,
German.] The inilrument with which
flax is beaten.
Ha'tcheller. n. f. [from hatchel.'\ A

beater of flax.
HA'TCHET. ;/./. \hache. hachette, French?
ajcia, Latin.] A fmall axe.
The hatchet is to hew the irregularities of ftulT.

Moxoir.

His harmlefs hatchet he hent in hit hand.

And to the field he fpeedeth. Spenfer.

Ye (hall have a hempen caudle then, and the help

of a hatchet. Shakcfp. tieniy Vl .

Nails, hammers, hatchets (harp, and halters llrong.

Crajhav),

Tyrrheus, the fofter-father of the bealV,

Then clinched a hatchet in his horny till. Drydetr.

Our countryman prefented him with a curiout

hatchet, and alking him whether it had a good edge,

tried it upon the donor. Addifnn*

Ha'tchet-face, n.f. An ugly face;
fuch, I fuppofe, as might be hewn out of
a block by a hatchet.

An ape his own dear image will embrace:
An ugly beau adore? a hatchet-face. Dr^en,

Ha'tchment. n. f. [Corrupted from
atchie'vement. See Atchievement.] Ar-
morial efcutcheon placed over a door at »
funeral.

iiis means of death, his obfcure funeral ;
No trophy, fword, nor hatchment o'er his bones.
No noble riles nor formal ortcntation.
Cry to be heard. Shakeffeare.

H'atchwav. »./. [hatches anA ivay.'^ "The
way over or through the hatches.

Ta HATE. T. a. [Tiabian, Saxon.] Ta
deteft ; to ablior ; to abominate ; to re-
gard with the paflion contrary to love.

You aic, I (hink, alTur'd J love you not
— Your majefty hath nojuft caufe Inhateme. Shai,

Do all men kill the thing they do not love f
— Hatei any man the thing he would not kill .'
Every oflince is not a hate athrft. Shaitjfeare.

'Ihofc old inhabitants of thy holy land tliou kai^ft
fordoing molt odious works. fVifd. xii. ^.

But whatfbcvcr our j.irring fortunes prove.
Though out lotdD btte, mcihiukt \vc (wo m^y love.

DrjdtK,

6 A Hat?.

HAT

Hate. «./. [abe, Saxon.] Malignity;
deteftation ; the contrary to love.

Speak then to me, who neither beg nor fear
Your favours nor your halt. Sbakcfftari.

Hate to Mezentius, arm'd five hundred more.

Drydeu.

Nauficaa teaches that the afflifted are rot always

the objeils of divine hatt. Bri.amt's Notct on the Odyjf.

Ha'tefui.. aaj. [hale xsv^ fidL\

]. That which caufes abhorrence; odious;

abominable ; deteftable.

My name's Macbeth.
— The devil himfelf could not pronounce a title
More balrjul to mine ear. Shakifftiirt.

There is no vice moie baleful to God and man
than ingratitude. Piachan.

What owe 1 to his commands .
Who hates me, and hath hither ihruft me down.
To fit in btili/u' office here confin'd.
Inhabitant ot heav'n and heavenly born ? Milton.

I hear the tread
OfbalifK/ fteps ; I muft be vievvlefs now. Mlllon.

But tlmbriel, hateful %nami:\ forbears not fo;
He breaks the phial whence the forroivs llow. Pope.
«. That which feels abhorrence ; abhorrent;
detefting ; malignant ; malevolent.

Patamon, compel! *d
No more to try the fortune of the field;
And, worfc than dcaih, to view with ia/r/a/ eyes
His rival's conqucrt. DijJen.

/Ha'ti; FULLY, flj/v. [from A(7/</«/.]
1. Odioufly; abominably.
I. Malignantly; malicioudy.^

All their hearts ftood hatefully appall'd
■ Long fince. Chapman.

They Ihall deal with ihee hatefully, take away all
thy labour> and leave thee naked and baf«.

Exek. xxiii. 19.

Ha'tefulness.»./. [itom.hateful.'l Odi-

oufnefs.
Ha'ter. n.f. [from hatt.'\ One that hates ;

an abhorrer ; a detefter.

I of her underrtood of that moll noble conftancy,
which wliofoever loves not, fliews himfelf to be a
taitr of virtue, and unworthy to live m the fociety
cf mankind. iVjwy.

Whilft he Hood up and fpokc.
He vvas my maftcr, and 1 wore my life
To fpend upon his halert. Shakefprare.

An enemy to Cod,aiidaifa/frof all good. Brown.
They never wanted fo much knowledge as to in-
form and convince them of the unlawfulnefs of a
man's being a murderer, an hater of Sod, and a
C'jvcnant-breaker. South.

'Ha'tred. n.f. [from hate.'] Hate ; ill-will ;
m:ilignity ; malevolence ; dillike ; abhor-
. xcnce ; deteftation ; abomination ; the
paffion contrary to love.

Hatred is the thought of the pain which any thing
■relent or abfenl is apt to produce in us. Locke.

I wi(h I had a caufe to leek him there,

To oppofe liis haired fully. Shake fp.

Hatred is the paflion of defiance, and there is a

kind of avctfation and hoftility included in its very

eflcnce ; but then, if tlK-rc could have been hatred

\n the world when there was fcarcc any tli;ug odious,

jt would have idled within the compab of its ,)ropct

cbiert. ^'•X''-

'Hatreds are often bejotien from flight and almoft

innocent occafions, awl quarrels propagated in the

world. ^''"^

Retain no malice nor ia/rri/againftany: be ready

to do them all the kindntfs you arc ahle. H^ake.

She is a Prelbyierian of the moil rank and virulent

kind, and confequcutly has an inveterate hatred to

me church. ^•^if'-

Hatred has in it the guilt of murder, and lull tiie

guilt of adultery. SberUk.

y'o Hatter, -v. a. [Perhaps corrupted
from batter.'] To hatafs ; to wcafyj to
wear out with fatigue.

He's halier'd out wiih penance. Diydtn.

HA'TTiR. »./. [from ha!.] A maker of
hats.

H A V

A hatter fells a dozen of hatt for five niilliii|»
a-picce. Sfvift.

Ha'ttock. «./. [attock.'E.xk.] A (hock of
corn. DUt.

Hau'berk. n.f. [hauberg, old French.] A
coat of mail; a bread -plate.

Him on the hauberk llrutk the princcfs fore.
That quite difpartfd all the linked frame,
And pierced to the (kin. Pa:ry Slgeen.

Hauieiki and helms are hew'd with many a wound ;
The mighty maces with fuch liafte defcend.
They bwak the bones, and make the folid armour
bend. Drjden.

To Have. t. a. in the prefent I have,
thou hafi, he hath : we, ye, they hirve ;
pret. and part. pafl". laJ. [haban. Go-
thick ; habban. Saxon ; hebben, Dutch ;
avoir, French ; aveie, Italian.]

1. Not to be without.

I have brought him before you, that after exami-
nation had, iTnioht have fomethiug to write.

Aiii, XXV. 26.

2. To carr)'; to wear.

Upon the mall they law a young man, who fat as
on horfeback having tiotliing upon him. Sidney.

3. To make ufe of.

I have no Levite to my pried. Ju^S"-

4. To poffefs.

He that gathered much iarf nothing over, and he
that gathered little /£>a</ no lack. Exod.xm. iS.

c. I'o obtain ; to enjoy; to poffefs.

Now, O Father, glorit'y me with thine own felf,
with the glory which 1 had with thee before the
world was. _ J<,hn,x\\\. S-

6. To take ; to receive.

A fccret happinefs in Petronius is called curiofa
flicirai, and wliich 1 fuppofe he had from the felid-
leraudere of HoTZCt. Dryden.

7. To be in any Hate ; to be attended with
or united to as accident or concomitant.

Have I necdof inadmen,'l'aty<:liaicbroughnhis
fellow? 1 Aam. xxi. 15.

8. To put; to take.

That done, go and cart it, and have it away, luffer.

9. To procure ; to find.

I would have any one name to me that tongue,
that one can fpeak as he fliouli do, by the rules ol
grammar. . Locke.

10. Not to negleA; not to omit.

I cannot fpcak ; if my heart be not ready to burll I
Well, fwect Jack, have a care of thylclf. Shahfp.

Your plea is good; but llili 1 fay beware:
Laws arc explain d by men, fo batie a care. Pope.

11. To hold ; to regard.

Of the maid fervantj ihall I be had in honour.

2 Sam,
The proud have had me greatly in derifion. Pfalms.

12. To maintain ; to hold opinion.
Sometimes they will have them to be natural

heat, whereas fome of them are crude and cold ; and
fomclimes they will have them to be the qualities ot
tangible parts, whereas they are things by thcmfelvcs.

M-iCun.

13. To contain.

You have of thefe pedlars that have more in 'em
than you'd think. Siller. Sbahfp.

i will never trull a man again for keeping Uis
fword clean ; nor believe he can havt evciy thing in
him by wearing his apparel neatly. ^bakejp.

14. To require; to claim.

What would ihcfe madmen have f
Firll they would bribe us without pence.
Deceive us without commi n leiile,
And without pow'r eullave. Dryden.

15. To be a hulband or wife to another.

If I Tiad been married to him, for all he was in
women's apparel, I would not have *.;J him. Shak,

1 6. To be engaged, as in a talk or employ-
ment.

If we maintain things that arcellablilhed, we have
to drive with a number of heavy prejudices, deeply
ipoted ia tbc hcaiu of men. Hutker.

H A V

The Spaniard's captain never hath to meddle with
his loldici. pay. Sfenfer on IreUinJ.

Ol the evils which hindered the peace and good
ordering of that land, (he inconvenience ot the laws
was the fiifl whii;li jou bad in hand. Spenjer,

Kings it-avf to deal with their neighbours, incir
wives, their children, their prelates or clergy, their
nobles, iheir merchants, and ilitir .ommons. Baitn.

17. To wifii ; to defire; in a lax fenfe.

I had rather to be a dooi-keeptrin the houfe of my
Cod, than to dwell in the tents of wickedncft. Pfaltiu,

I would i&aftf no man difcouraged with thatJcind
of life or ferics of adlions, in which the choice of
others, or bis owe accelBlics, may have engaged him.

Addf<.n.

18. To buy.

If ihele trifles wxrt rated only by art and artfulnefs,
we ihould have tlirm much cheaper.

rp. It is moil ufed in Englilh, as in other
European languages, as an auxiliary verb
to make the tcnfes ; han;e, hnf), and hath,
or has, the preterperfei't ; and hat/, and
hg.ifi, theprcterpluperfeft.

II tlicre had been words enow between them to
have expleflid provocation, they *«</ gone together
by the ears. Ccngreve.

I have heard one of the grcated geniufcs this age
boi produced, who bad been trained up in all the
polite dudies of antiquity, alTute roe, upon hisbeinj
obliged to ("earch into records, that he at lall took an
incredible pleafure in it. Addifor.,

1 have not here conlidered cudom as it make 8
things eafy, but as it renders them delightful ; and
though others have made the fame rellections, it is
poflible they may not have drawn thofe ufcs from it.

Addifvn.

That admirable precept which Pythagoras is faid
to have given to his difciples, and which that philo-
fophcr mud have drawn (torn the obfervaiion 1 have
enlarged upon. Addfon.

The gods ba've placed labour before virtue. Addif.

Thisobfervatibn we ha\'e made on man. Addif.

Evil fpirits baiie contraiSled in the body habits of
lull and t'eufuility, malice, and revenge. Addif n.

Their torments have already taken root in them.

Addif n.

That excellent author 'biu (hewn how every par-
ticular cultom and habit of viriuc will, in its own
nature, produce the heaven, or a (late of happinefs,
in him who lhall hereafter prailice it. Addif 't.

zo. H A V 1; at, or ii-ith, is an expreffion de-
noting refolution to make fome attempt.
'J hey feem to be imperative exprcflions ;
ha-ve this at JOU ; let this reach jou, ot taie
this ; have ikiihyou ; take this -jjith you ; but
this will not explain have at it, ot have
at htm, which niuft be confidered as mere
elliptical ; as, we will have a trial al it,
or at him.

He that will caper with me for a thoufand marks,
let him lend me the money and have a: him. Sbak.

1 can bear my part j 'tis my occupation: have at
it with you, Sbakrfp.

1 never was out at a mad frolick, though this is
the madded I cvet undertook : have tvith you, bjy
mine ; 1 take you at your word. Dryden.

HA'VEN. ft. f. [haven, Dutch; ha-vre,
French.]

1. A port ; a harbour; a ftation for fliips.

Love vyas threatened and promiled to him, and
his coulin, as both the temped and haven of iheit
bed years. Sidney:

Order for fca is given ;
They have put forth the haven. Shakefpeare.

After an hour and a half failing, we entered into a
good haven, being the port of a fait city. Bacon.

The queen beheld, as foon as day appear'd.
The navy under fail, the haven clear 'd. Denbatn.

We may be fliipwreck'd by her breath :
Love, favour'd once with that fweetgale,
Doubles his hade, and tills his fail,
'Till he arrive, where (lie mud prove
The haven, or the rock of love. H'aHtr.

2. A fliclterj an afylum.

*ti'A V

AH plact', that the eye of heaven vifits.
Arc to a wife man pons and happT kavtm. Shake/.
Ha'vener. Ji. /. Ihom haven.] An over-
feer of a port.

Thefc earls and duks appointed their fpecial
officers, as receiver, haimer, and cuftomer. Curew.
Ha'ver, n. J. [from hat!e.'\ Poffeflbr;
holder.

Valour is the chiefeft virtue, and
Molt dignifies the hax^tr. Sbakrfptart.

Ha'ver is a common word in the northern
counties for oats ; as, haver bread for
oaten bread; perhaps properly axw, from
aveiw, Latin.

\Vlien you would anneal, take a blue ftoae, fuch
as they make htrver or oat calces upjn, and lay it
upon the crofj bars of iron. Pijchum.

Haucht. adj. {haul, French.]

1. Haughty; infoient; prond; conteraptu-
ous; arrogant. ObfoJete.

V.,- u ^ a- "* *"^ P""** '"'"'■i"? Queen,

W,th Clifford and the haughi Nonhnmbcrland,

Have wrought the cary-meluag king, like wax.

. Hhakcfbeare.

No lord of thine, thou taught infulting man ;
Nor^DO man-5 lord. Hbak^fpcare.

2. High; proudly maffnanimoDs.

His courage haughl,
Defir'd of foreign foemen to be known.
And f" abroad for llrange adventures fought. 5'e<w/fr
Ha <J<i»T ii.\ .aJ'v.[{tom haughij:] Proud-
ly; arrogantly; contemptuoufly.

Her heav'nly form too baugbiily Ihe priz'd j
His perfon hated, and his gilu delpis'd. Drydtn
Haughtiness, n. j. [from haughty.]
Pride; arrogance; the quality of being
haughty.

By the head we make known our fupplicatlons,
our threatnings, our mildijefj, our haughtine/!, our
love and our hatred. Drtitn

HAX(GHTY. aJj. \bauiame, French.] '
I. Proud; lofty; infoient; arrogant; con-
temptuous.

Hij wife, being a woman of z haughty and im-
periouJ nature, and of a wit fuperior to his, quickly
lefeated the difrcfpeft Ok received from him.

1 n. II /• <■ , . Clarendon.

I (hall fing of battles, blood and rage.
And haughty fouls, that mov'd with mutual hate.
In ti^hting ticlds purfu'd and found their fate. Dryd.
S. Proudly great.

Out van^uiih'd wills that pleafing force obey •
Her poodnefs takes our liberty away;
Arid b.,ughiy Britain yields to arbitrary fway. PnW

3, Bold; adventurous; of high hazard.

Obfolete.
Who now (hall give me words and found

Eijual unto this <('<"';^/)' enterprize ?

Orwholhall lendmewings, with which from ground

Mv lowly verfe may loftily arife ? Fairj 0^,„

Ha'vikc. »./. [from hn-ie.] '

t. Poflelpon ; eltate ; fortune.

My ba-ving is much;

I'll make divilion of m) prtfent with you •
Hol,i,ihere's half my coffer. Sbakeft

2. 1 he adt or ftatc of pofll-ffin?

l\i .k- ilJ^ .V , . .°

H A U

Ot thje one lide was aliidged Iho bnl„g a pic-

^\ « 1 ' '^' .'"'k" "'•""^'*' <" "" «her dde,
the hrft ftriking (he fhield. Sidney.

Thou art not lor the lalbion of ihefe times.
Where none will fwcal but for promotion •
And having that, do a.«ak their Itrvice up,
t.en with the ta^„g. Skalr/f. a/j,u like !t.

3. Behaviour; regularity. This is ftili re-
toined in the bcottifh dialetS. It may
poflibly be the meaning here.

Thegeniieman IS of r«,«.,t,„g, he kept com-
pany with the w„d prince a.id Po..,, : he i. ofZ.
high i region ; he knows loo mu<Ji. sb ikrfp

H* vioi.*. n.j. [fi)t hehavJeur.] Conduct- 1
manners. Sot ufcd. '

Their III hav'our garrcs men miflay
Bath ol iheir doilrincs and their fay. Sfenfcr.

7oH\VL. -v. a. [ha/er, French, to draw.]
To pull; to draw; to drag by violence.
A word which, applied to things, im-
plies violence; and, to perfons, awk-
wardnefs or rudenefs. This word is li-
berally exemplified in ha/e; etymology
IS regarded in ha/e, and pronunciation in
hauL

Thy Dol, and Helen of thy noble thoughts,
Is in bafe durance and contagious prifon,
HatiJ'd ih\ther by mechanick dirty hjnds. Shakcfp.

The youth with longs and rhymes.
Some dance, fome haul the rope. Dtnham.

Some the wheels prepare.
And faften to the horfcs feet ; the reft
With cables haul along ih' unwieldy bcaft, DryJeti.
\a his grandeur he naturally chufes to kaui up
others after him whofe accomplilhmeuts moft refem-
blchisown. Sv.!//.

'I hither they bent, and baul'd their (hips to land;
The crooked keel divides the yellow fand. Papr.

Romp-Wing mifs.
Is Aan/'i/ about in gallantry robuft. Tbtm/on.

Haul. n.f. [from the verb.] Pull; vio-
lence in dragging.
The leap, the (lap, ihe haul. Thomfon.

Hai;m. ». /. [or he/tte, or hnlm\ )3ealm,
Saxon; halm, Dutch and Danilh.] Straw.

In champion countrle a pleafure they take
To mow up their hauvte, for to brew and to bake :
The Ajutbw is the draw of the wheat or the ric.
Which once being reaped, they mow by and by.

TuJ/'er.

Hntng (tripped off the hmm or binds from the

poles, as you pick the hops Hack them up. Marlimrr.

Haunch, n. /. [haneke, Dutch; hauche,

French ; anea, Italian.]
I. The thigh; the hind hip.

Hail, groom ! didft thou not fee a bleeding hind.
Whole right bauncb eartl my (ledlalt arrow drake >

Spenfer.

To make a man able to teach his borfe to (top
and turn quick, and to reft upon his haunches, is of
ufe to a gentleman both in peace and war. Locke.

t. Thereat; the hind part.

Thou art a Summer bird.
Which ever in \\\c haunch of Winter fings
'I he lifting up of day. Shakefp

To HAUNT, -v. a. \hanter, French.]
I. To frequent; to be much about any
place or perfon.

A man who for his hofpitality is fo much haunted,
that no news (lir but come to his ears. Sidney.

Now we being brought known unto her, after
once we were acquainted, and acquainted we were
fooncr than ourfelves expeaed, Ihe continually almoft
haunted \i%, Vy

1 do haunt thee in the battle thus, ' "^'

Becaufe fome tell me that tliou art a king. Shake/.

she this dangerous forcft bauntt.
And in fad accents utteis her complainU. Ifallcr.

Earth now
Seem'd like to heav'n, a feat where gods ujieht

dwell, "

Or wander with delight, and love to haunt
Her facred (hades. Milton

Celcltial Venus haunii Idalia's groves;
Diaiia Cjnthus, Ceres Hybla loves. Pj,^^

*. It IS ufed frequently in an ill fenfe of
one that comes unwelcome.

Ycu wrong me. Sir, thus IbU to haunt my houfe:
I told you. Sir. my daughter is difposM of. &hake/p

Uh, could I fee my country-feat !
Theie leaning near a gentle brook.
Sleep, or perufe fome ancient book;
And there in fweei oblivion drown
Tholi: care» that haum the court and fown. Unv^f,
3. It IS eminently ufed of apparitions or
fpedlres that appear in a particular place.

fo il (pirits i'a/.OT my rcrtnig place.
And glmtlj viliombrtiKroy deep b^aijht. Fai-fax.

H A W

All thefe the woes of Oedipus have known,
ii our fates, your furies, and your ia««^rf town.

To Haunt, -v. u. To be muchaboutf^'
appear frequently.

I „ ^'^ a''?"' '''r ""' '" '"""" ^fcouf my doors ■

In hone(tp!a,nnef. thou haft heard me f y,

My daughter's not for th«. Shake/p. Otbell.

The afr^s d? '""" ^'"'^ '"'^'""""> ' h"eobfe^'i
1 he air is delicate Sbake/p. Macbeth.

Ha UNT. „.f. [from the verb.]

I. Place m which one is frequently found.

, J k' A ■" 1' ""'' ='"'• '"""" "»d t"ps, for beads.
and birds m their own haunts and walks. Vpl

i p mc pertains not, (he replies,
To know or care where Cupid files;
What are his haunts, or which his way,
W here he would dwell, or whither ftray. Prior

.Mccne where, it a god Oiould caft his fight.
A god migbi gaae and wonder with delarht '
Joy touch'd the melienger of heav'n; he (lay 'd
tntranc'd, and all the blifsfuliaK/r/rfurvey'd.

2. Habit of being in a certain place. ^''"'

1 he haun, you have got about ilie courts will one
day or another bnug your family to beggary.
t-T . / , r- ^ Arbuthn* t.

Ha unter. n.f. [from hatm.] Frequenter;
one that is often found in any place

of wh^r^i,"' V"^''?"' *"^ '" mg=nious'peopIe.
of whom the vulgar lort, fuch as wire baultjsoi
^heaires, took plealure in the conceits of .\riftopha-

""^O ,«jj-r I r , '^°"'»' on Education.

U goddefs, haunter of the woodland green.
Queen ot the nether Ikica! * Dryden

Havock. „./. Ihafig, Wellh, devafta-'
tion.J Wafte; wide and general devafta-
tion ; mercilcfs deftruftion.

Having been never ufed to have any thing of their

own, they make no fpare of anything, but W*

and confulion of all they meet with. ^ SpXfcr

Saul made hav^ck of the church. Aas viii ■, '

^egods! whatiji/o^ docs ambition make '

Among your works ! AJdifin', Cat,.

has been made of the Jfws, tells us, that there wets
fuch torrents of holy blood (hed, as carried rocks of a
hundred yards in circumference above three mile,
into the fea. AIJT

If it had either air or fewel, it muft make a

greater havock than any hiftory mention. Cbryne

Havock. ittterj. [from the noun.] A

word ot encouragement to /laughter

Why ftand thefe royal fronts amazed thus ?

Cry havock, kings f ?A t /v

- ^ With Ate by hi, (ide, ^''^^'^f'

Cry havock ! atid let loofe the dogs of war. Shak.

Jo Havock. -v. a. [from the noun.] To

wafte ; to deftroy ; to lay wafte.

iay!^"!rV V^'>' .'"'=• ""= (oWcr fpoileth and
bavcctetb; fo that. Between both, nothing is left.

See. with what heat thefe dogiof hell adv^ct^'
I o wafte and havock yonder world, which I
!.ofajr and good created! Mi!,„„

Ha utbov. „./. [hauf and io/f.] A wind
inltrument.

I told John of Gaunt he beat his own name ; for
you might have irufs'd him and all his apparel into
an eel-(kin : the cafe of a tieble hautboy was a
mantionforhim. iiak^/p.

Nowgive Ihelautioys breath ; hecomes, he conie*.

Ha'uTBOV S/rt!tLi,rrj. SeeSTR AWBE^RY."

Haw. „./. [Jjaj, Saxon,]
I . 'I he berry and feed of the hawthorn.
I he feed of the bramble witli kernel and ha'w.

Store of iavti and hips portend cold Winters" "^'

... , , ISacon's Nat. lli/l.

Ills quarrel to the hedge was. that his thorns and

his brambles did not bring forth railins, rather than

A-riwand blackberries. VEfiratio-

2. .An excrefceuccin the eye.

HAW

3. [Jjaja, Saxon; hatv, a garden, Danifli.]
A fmiill piece of ground adjoining to an
boufc. in Scotland they call it hatigh.

Upon the LuV> at Plymouth is cut out in the
ground the portraiture ot' two met>, with chibs in
their h.inds, whom they Vita Cog and Ma;og. Camv.

y<» Haw. V, n. [Perhaps corrupted from
hamk or hackS^ To fpeak flowly with
frequent intermifllon and helitation.

'Tis a great way ; but yet, after a littk humming
aod hawing upou't he agreed to undertake the job.

L*E/irange.

Hawk. »./. [;6<*if_f , Welfti ; Jjapoc, Saxon ;
accifiter, Latin.]

1. A bird of prey, ufed much anciently
in fport to catch other birds.

Do'rt thou love hawking? Thou haft btvikt will

foar <

Above the morning lark. Sbakef^ean.

It can be no more difgrace to a great lord to draw

^ fair pidlure, than to cut his hmvk't meat. I'eacbam.

Whence borne on liquid wing
The founding culver Ihoots ; or where the hinvk.
High in the beetling cliffs, his aiery builds. Tbomfon.

2. [tiach, Wellh.] An effort to force phlegm
up the throat.

To Hawk, -v, n. [from ha'wk.'\

1. To fly hawks at fowls; to catch birds
by means of a hawk.

Ride unto St. Alban's,
Whereat the king and queen do mean to baivk,

Sbakefpfare,

One followed ftudy and knowledge, and another
ifcttukirrg ai>d hunting. Locke,

He tli<tt hawks at larks and fp.irrows has no lefs
fporr, though a much lefs coufideiable quarry, than
he that Sies at nobler game. Locke.

A falc'ner Henry is, when Emma batukif
With her ot tarfels and ot lure<> he talks. Prior,

2. To fly at ; to attack on the wing.

A fauicon tow-'ring in her pride of place.
Was by a mauling owl hawk'd at and kitl'd. Sbak,

Whether upward to the moon they go.
Or dream the Winter out in caves below.
Or hii-wk at flies elfewhcre, concerns us not to know.

Drydctt.

2- [Hoch, Welfh,} To force up phlegm
with a noife.

Come, lit, fit, and a fong. Shall we clap

into't roundly, without ba'wiitKg or fpitting, or
faying wc are boaile, which axe only the prologues
to a bad voice? Sbaktjp,

She complained of 4 llinking tough phlegm which
Ihe b.vu:kcd up in the inoiniugs. Wifttiutrt.

Bloosi, cait out o! the throat or windpipe, is
fpit out with a ba-U'kivgot l'm;ill cough; that out
of the gums is fpit out without ha-a.f.h;g, coughing,
or vomiting. Hanty,

4. To fell by proclaiming it in the ftreets.
[From huk, German, a falefman.]

His works were buvik'd in every Arect,
But fcldom rofe above a iTieet. Stvi/i,

Ha'wked. adj. [from hmuk.^ Formed
like a hawk's bill.

Flat nofes feem comely unto the Mo^r, an
aquiliue or ba-ukid one unto the Perilan, » large
and prominent nofc unto ibe Roman. Bro-u.n,

Ha'wker. »./. \ (torn hock, German.] One
who fells his wares by proclaiming them
in the ftreet.

I faw my laboiii^, which had coft me fo much
thouglit, bawled about by common batukerjf which
i once intended lor the confideration of the greateil
perfon. Svj'iji.

To grace this honour'd day, the queen proclaims,
By herald baiuken, high heruick games:
She fummcns all her funs; an endlefs band
Pours forth, and leaves unpeopled half the land. Pofe,

Ha'wkweed. ft./. A plant.

Oxtongue is a fpecies of this plant. Miller.

JIa'wses. »./. [of a fhip.] Two round
holes under the (hip's bead or beak,

H A Z

througTi which the cablet pals when flie is
at anchor. Harris,

Ha'wthohn. It./. [))3(jp5 ^opn, Saxon.j
A fpecies of medlar ; the thorn that bears
haws ; the white thorn.

The ufe to which it is applied in England Is tn
make hcdgca : there ar- two or thiee varieties of it
about London i but tbit fort which produces tJie
fmallell leaves is preferable, becaufe its branches
always grow clofe together. Milter.

There is a man haurij the forelV, that abufes our

young pLuits with carving Rofaliiui on their barks :

hangs odes upon batvlboriri, and ekgi<;i on bromblcs.

Sbak./f-:-- ■>■ ■ ulikeil.

Some in their hands, befidc ! iliield.

The boughs of woodbine or 01 .,:\\.

Drjden,

Now bavitborm blotTom, now the daiiies fpting,

Pofe,

The bavilhein whitens. Tbomjor.,

Ha'wthorn fly. n. /. An in{e6t.

The ba'wtborn jly\^ all black, and not big. H^ahon,
HAY. »./. [Jjiej, Jjtj, Saxon ; hey, Dutch.]
Grafs dried to fodder cattle in Winter.

Make ijy while the fun Ihines. Camden's Remains.

Make poor men's cattle break their necks;
Set tire on barns and bay Hacks in the night.
And bid the oj^vners quench them with their tears.

Shjirfp.

We have heats of dungs, and of bays and herbs
laid up moift. Bacon.

Or if the earlier feafon lead
To the tann'd bay cock in the mead. Milton.

Bring them for food fwect boughs and ofiers cut.
Nor all the Winter loiig thy bay rick Ihut. May,

Some turners turn long and tender fprigs of ivory,
as fmall as an bay llalk. Mjxon,

By fome b.iy cock, or fonw Ihady thorn.
He bids his beads both even fong and morn. Dryden.

ITie belf manure for meadows is the bottom of
hay mows and hay llacks. M-jrtitKr.

Hay and oats, m the management of a groom, will
make ale. S'iuift.

To dance the Hay. To dance in a ring:
probably from dancing round a bay-cock.

1 will play on the tabor to the worthies.
And let them dance the bay. Sbakcff.

This maids think on the hearth they fee, i

When fires well nigh conlumed be, >

There dancing bays by two apd three, J

Juil as your fancy carts them. Drayttn,

The gum and glift'niiig, which with art
And Itudy'd method, in each part

Hangs down.
Looks jurt as if that day [

Snails there had crawl'd the bay. Suckling.

Hay. n./. [from kaic, French, a hedge.]
A net which indofes the haunt of an
animal.

Coneys are dcftroyed by hays, curs, fpaniels, or
tumblers, bred up lor that purpofe. Mortimer.

Ha'ymaker. n./. [hay and tnakc.l One
employed in drying grafs for hay.

As to the return of his health and vigour, were
you here, you might enquire of his haymakers.

Pope to Sis/ift.
HA'ZARD. ». /. [hazard, French ; azar,
Spanifh; ha/ii, Kunick ; danger.]

1. Chance; accident; fortuitous hap.

1 have fet my life upon acaft.
And I will (land the baxard of the die. Shakeff.

1 will upon all hazards well believe
Thou art my friend, that know'ft my tongue fo well,

Shakeff,

Where the mind does not perceive connexion,
there men's opinions are not the produtt of judg-
ment, but the eflfefls of chance and hazard, of a
mind floating at all adventures, without choice and
witlwut direilion. Locke,

2. Danger ; chance of danger.

Wc are bound to yield unto our Creator, the
Father of all mercy, eternal thanks, for that he
hath delivered his law unto the world ; a law
wUtiein fo ciany tliinp ate laid open, as 1 light

H A 2

which othtrwife would have been buried is darV-
Bel<, r.ot without the hazard, or rather not with
the hasiard, but with the certain lofs of thoufand*
olfouls, moft undoubtedly now faved. Hooker.

The ha^card 1 have to run to fee you hete, (hould
inform you that i love notat a common rate. Dryd.

Men are led on from one tVage of life to another
U a condition of ihc utmoft bAx..tfd, and yet with*
out the Icart apprehcnfion of their danger. Rigers.

3. A game at dice.

Tljc duke playing at hazard, held in a great

many luiidt together, and drew a huge heap oi

gold. ^''"V'-

To Ha'z A .11 D. -v. a. [hazardfr, French.] To

expofe to chance ; to put into danger.

"They might, by pcrfilhng in the eitremiiy of that
opinion, haxard greatly their own ertates, and ia
weaken that part which their places now give. Hoi^ker.

It was not in his power to adventure upon hisown
fortune, or bearing a publick charge to haxard him.
felf againlt a man of private condition. Haytvard.

By dealing indificrently mercies to all, you may
baxard your own Ihare. Sbcrhck,

To Hazard. i-. n.

1 . To try the chance.

I piay you tarry; paufe a day or two.
Before you hazard; torinchufing wrong,
I lofc your company. Sbaie/p.

2. To adventure; to run the danger.

She from her fellow-provinces would go,
Ratlier than hazard to have you her foe. IVaUer.

Ha'zardable. adj. [from ha7Mrd.\ Ven-
turotii; liable to chance.

An bax.irda^le determination i^ i$, unto HHb'
tuating and inditferent efTeds, to iffa a pofibve ivp*
orpeiiod. Bn.'u.n.

Ha'zari>er. ». / [from hazard.] He
who hazards.

Ha'zardry. n./.[hom hazard.!, Teme-
rity; precipitation; rafti adventuroufnefs,
Obfoletc.

Hally wrath, and \\tti\ch b.izarJry,
Do breed repentance late, and lafting infamy. Sfenfer,
Ha'zardous. aiij. [hazardeux, French,
from hazard.] Dangerous; expofed to
chance.

Grant that our baxardous attempt prove vain.
We feel the worll, fccure from greater pain. Dryden.
Ha'za RDOusi^Y. ad'v, [from hazardcus.]

With danger or chance.
Haze, n, /, [The etymology unknown.]

Fog ; mift.
To Haze. -u. «. To be foggy or mifty.
To Haze. v. a. To fright one. Ain/iuorih,
HA'ZEL, ft. /. [J3x|-el, Saxon ; corylus,
Latin.] Nut tree.

The nuts grow in clufters, and are clofely joined
together at the bottom, each being covered with an
outward hulk or cup, which opens at the top, and
when the fruit is ripe it falls out. The fpecies ar<i
hazelnut, cobnut, and filbert. The red and white
filbeits are moftly efteemed for their fruit. Miller,

Kate, like the i6aze/ twig.
Is llraight and llender, and as brown in hue
h^ hazel nutst and fwecter than the kernels. Sbak.
Her chariot is ^n empty bjsiel nut. Sbakefp,

Why fit we not beneath the grateful (hade.
Which haxels, intermit'd with elms, have made ?

Dryden,

There ate fome from the fiie of a baxcl nut to

that of a man's fift. ffoodrvard.

Ha'z EL. adf. [from the noun.] Light
brown; of the Qolour of hazel.

Chufe a warm dry foil, that has a good depth
of light baxel mould. Mcrtimrr,

Ha'zelly, adj. Of the colour of hazel ;
a light brown.

Uplands confift either of fand, gravel, chalk,
rock or ftone, hazelly loam, clay, or black mould.

Mortimer^

Ha'zy. adj, [from haxt.l Dark; foggy;
mifty.

Our

OW efcartd day here is mitly and i-iav ;.W8 fet
not Ur, aiid what v.ejo fee is in a'bail light.

Oft engerdo'd by the h.ixy North,
lyI>ri'iJ>*>n mjriads, inf^il ai-,mi,es waft. Tbim/M,

He. pnnoutt. gen. him; pltlr. ?^^ ; gcfi.
/At-w. r^>-, Dutch ; "he, Sax,on.. |tfuer6s
' to have borrowed the plural ftoiti .^IJ",
plural ^rf]", dative 'Sij-r.m.],

1. '1 he man that was named before.

All the confpiraton, Tave oifly /-f ,
Did that they did in •..ivy of great Caefar. Sbalefp.

If miich )ou note A/'m,
You (hall ofiend him^ and iiicreafe hispalTinn;
Fcedand regaid /'/« nor. Sbakrfp.

I am weary ol thumixin ; would iwvi|SuM chau^.

Sbukef^ai e.
Adam fpoke ; '

So (.heer'd bthii tair fjioufr, and (]>e «» checr'd.

Miltun .
When Adam wak'd, be on his fide
Leaning halt rais'd hung over her. 7tfV/e«.

Thus talking, haad in Ivaod along thfy pafi'd
On to their b'lfslul bow'rs. Milton.

Extol
Him firft, him laA. i/CTOiiJIt M'Jicn.

2. The man ; the perfon. It fomeiimcs
ftands tvithout reference to any foregoing
word.

He is never poor
That little hath, but Ir that much defirei. Daniel.

3. Man or male being.

Such mortal drugt I h.ivc ; hnt Matitua's law
li death to any be that utters iJiem. Sbake/f.

1 lUnd CO aafuvet ilicc, 01 any /^^ the proudcii of
iby foir. S/iiiieff.

Trui and his race the fculptor OmII cmployt
And be the God who built the walU of Troy, Dryd.

4. Male : as, a kf bear, a ht goat. It is
ufed where the male and female have not
different deiioniinations.

The bc'i in birds have the faircil feathers. Bjctiit,

5. In the two lail fcofcs he is rather a noun
than pronoun.

HKAl). ». /. [heapob, heajrb, Saxon ;

huofd, Dutch ; he^ed, old Englifll, whence

by contradion bead.]
I. the part of the animal that contains the

brain or the organ of feniation and feat

of thought.

Veir.-healing»er»en, and iwi/purjingdill. Hffi/.
0\tt bead up-gr<w
fcUiipcMble height ofloiticltlliade. Milton.

'i'hcdcvvy paths of meadows we will tread.
For crowns audchaplcts to adorn thy ^ou/. Dryd^

\ could 1^)1) have offers, that fome, who held tfieir
beadi highei, would be glad to actept. Sivifi.

a. Perfon as cxpofed to any danger or pe-
nalty.

What he gets more of her than fliarp words, let it
lie on my hiarl. Sbakrfpcare,

Who of all ages tofucceed, but feeling
The c<il on him brought by me, will curfc
My bead ? \\\ fare our anieftor impure. Mllioit.

3. Head and Ears. 1 he whole perfon.

In jingling tliimts well fortified and ftrong,
He bfjau intrench'* o'er bead and ears in long.

CrativiUe.

4. Denominaiion of any animals.

When Innocent defir-d the marquis of Carpio to
furoilb thirty ihiMiland ^>></ of fwine, he could not
Ijpare them ; but thirty ihouliuul lawyers he had at
hisfervice. AddiJ^n.

Ill* tai upon pafturage was railed according to a
certain rate ftr hraJ upon cattle. Arbulhnol.

5. Chief; principal perfon ; one to whom
the reft are fubotdinate ; leader ; com-
mander.

For their commons, there is little danger from
them, ejcept it be where ihey hive great and potent

*'*''■ V A^vrK- •*■"■'»'•

lourMm/I hiroaf|ioiut( '

Aii*I»j>«»5rfelf havef<»ori). tohilftniaJl Hswt " -i"
AH kut^csm licav'n, and fliaO confefi him lordi .'

MUii>ri,

. T±p «Jf.i/r pf t(i3 chief ftfls .(jfrphiloriiphy, as
I Ttialcs, Ana^agocis, and P}thjgpi-as,|did 'i;on(eut to
i this tradition. • ■ • ■ Tllhii/b^r.

I5 . Place of h'ono,i)r ; tjje firll j^lace. ' ' . .

, Kotwithftaoding all the jiiitici;? 1ml taken thejr

I places upon the Befld^, they nude rui«n for the old

knight at the i&ji/o/tnem. Addijhn,

7. Place of command.

An army of fourfcore thoufand troops, with the
duke of Marlborough u the bead of them, could do
□allying. Aidifon on ibe War.

8. Countonan(« ; prefiince. .-fM'.:' ;/,'

Kidiaijlnpt fiv froth hence bath bid bis Asf^J

ShaUfp. R. U.
■ With Cain go waijder through the (hade of night,
And never (liew thy he^J by day or light. Sbah/f.-

Ere to-morrow's fun ihall drew his bead. Dry,!.

9. Uiiderftanding ; faculties of the mind :
cominonly in a ludicrous fenle.

The wenches laid their hcAjt together. L'EJhan

A foi «ndi a goal weal down a well to drink : the
goat fell to hunting whicli way to g^t back ; Ok
fays Reynard, never trouble your head, but leave
(hat to mc. L'EjIioKge.

Work with all the eifc «od fpaed you can, wiibi
out breakinj your bead, and being lo very induftri-
ous in ttarting fcruples. Dryjtr,

The lazy and kiicQafiderate took up their notions
by chance, without much beating their beadt about
them. I,ocke.

If a man Ihevrs that hfr, has.no religion, wliy

' (hould we think that he heats his lmid,mi trii/blcs-

' himfclf te csamine the grouuds of this or that doc.

trine ? tor*?.

When in ordinary difcourfc we fay a man hjs a
i\nz brad, we exprefs ourfelves nvetaphorically, and
fpcak in relation to his underilanding ; and when we
(ay of a woman (he has a fine bead, we fpeak only
in relation to her commode. Addifon.

We laid our lieajt together, to eonfider what

grievances the nation had fullered under king George.

' Addifon.

10. Face; front; forepart-

The gathering crowd purfuej ;
The ravilhers turn bead, the fight renews. Dtyden.

11. Refinance; hoftile oppofition.

Then nude he bead againd bis enemies.
And Hyinner flew. Fairy S^ueen.

Sometimes hath Hetiry Bolingbroke made bead
.igainrt my power. Shake/p.

Two valiantgentlemen making i^'Ji/againft them,
feconded by half a doz«n more, made forty run
away. Ralcigb.

Sin having depraved his jtidgmcnt, and got pof-
fefliun of his will, there is no other principle left
him luturally, by which he can make bead againft
it. South.

12. Spontaneous refolution.

Tie bordering wars ii: ihii kingdom were made
altogether by voluntaries, upon their own bead,
wiilioutany pay or commitVion from the ttate.

Da-vies.

13. State of a deer's horns, by which his
age is known.

1 1 was a buck of the firft head, Sbakeff,

The buck is called the fifth year a buck of tiie

firft be.id. Sbai.

14. Individual. It is uled in numbers or
com)Mjtation.

If there be fix milliooi of people, then thet« is
about four acres for every bead. Graunt.

1 5. The top of any thing bigger than the
reft. I

His fptar's bead wcigiicd 6a. huDdrcd (hekels of |
iron. 1 Ham.

As high
As his proud bead is i.iis.M towards tbe (ky.
So low tow'rds hell his roots defcend. Denham.

Trees, which have large and fpreading beadi,
would lie will) their branches up la the water.

ffixidivard.

H E A

If' the • buds are made our food, they are called''
beads or tops ; fo beads of afparagus or artichoaks.

Halts.
Head is an exjuivocal term ; for it (ignities tlu
,^fflKj'_(»finail, orof a.pin, a> welLasiofajiiHiim^l.
■ _ , , kf'unt,

16. The fore part of any thing, as of a Ihip.

, By gallies with brazen, ii-.r^i- Ihe might traafport
' over Indus at once three hupdrcd thoufand foldier;;.

RaJei^t
His gallics moor;
Thfir beads are turn'd to fea, their fteras to (hore,

Dryden^

17. That which rifeson the top.

Let it i^and in a 1u,b four or five, days before it bo
pjit into the calk, iHrring it twice a-day, and. beat«
ingdown the bead or yeaft into it. Mtrttmer.

1 8. The blade of an axe.

A ijian fctcheth a ftroke with the ate to cut dewa
the Ipee, and the bead (lippeth from the helve.

jDcarr. xix. j.

19. Upper part of a bed.

Ifrael bowed upon the bed's /«i*/. Cf.iT. xlvii. J I.
zo. The brain.

As Eaftem prielH in giddy circles run.
And turn their beads to imitate the fun. P^t.

21. Drefe of the head.

Ljdies think they gain a point when they have
tftaze'd tlieir hulbaiids to buy them a laced iwc/, or a
fine petticoat. S-uift.

22. Principal topick of difcourfe.

Thefe beads are of a mixed order, and we propofe
only fuch as belong to the natural world.

Burnet's Tbeory,

'Tis our great int'reft, and duty to fatisfy our-

felves on this iiW, upon which our wlrole conduct

I depends. Allerlury.

Zj-.- Source of a ftream.

It is the glory of God to give ; his very nature
dclighteth in it; his mercies in the current, througlk
which they would pafs, may be dried up, but at the
bead they never fail. Hooker.

The current by Gaaa is hut a fraall rtream, riting
between it and the Red fea, whofe iioa' from GaM
is little more than twenty Englilh miles.

Raleigb's Hijory.
Sjme did the fong, and fome the choir miimtain,
- Beneath a lauicl (hade, where mighty Po
MuuiMs up 10 woods above and hides hhhead below.

Dry den,

24. Crifis ; pitch.

The indifpofition which has long hung upon me,
is at lali grown to fuch a bead, that it mull quickly
make an end of me, or of itfelf. Addifon,

25. Power ; influence ; force ; ftrength ;
dominion.

Within her breift though calm, her brealt thougtt'
pure,
Motherly cares and fears got bead, and rais'd
Some troubled thoughts. Miltom

26. Body; conflux.

People under command chufe lo confult, and after
to march in order; and rebels, contrariwife, run
upon an ;^Mrf .'jge ♦ :r 111 confufion. Bacon.

A mighty ai:d a tearful head they are.
As ever offered foul play in a llate. Sba\eft>,

Far iti the marches here we heard you were.
Making another head 10 fight again. Sbak.

Let all this v^icked crew gather
Their fortes to one Afnij'. Benjonfon,

27. Power; armed force. a
My lord, my lord, the French have gatlier'd head.

Shakefpi
At fixteen years.
When Tar^uin made a bead for ^'otne, he fought,
J Beyond the mark of others, Sbakejp,

28. Liberty in running a horfe.
He ^ave hit able horfe the head.

And bounding forward (truck hisagile heels

Again the panting fides of his poor jade

Up to the rowcl-iicad. Sbakefp

29. Licence ; freedom from reftraint j a
metaphor from horfemanfhip.

Cod will not admit of the palTionate man's apo-
logy, that be has fa lung given ilia unruly palGons

tJifir

H E A

their bttJ, that he cannot ncnv govern nar contreul
them. Smth.

30. It is very improperly applied to roots.

Hawiarn«[« hide their f«clliD^/6n>i/ibelcrW|
And how thecl»(ingcole«orls upwardsjrow. dry.

31. Head and Shoulders. By force;. vio-
lently.

People thit hit upon a thought that ticklet ^hem,
will be ftill bringing it in Sy tnJ and JloulJers,
mtx and over, in feveral companies. L'Ejlrargt.

They bring in every figure of Tpeech, bead and

Jhnuiders by main force, in fpite of nature and their

fubj«ar. _ Ftltr.n.

HiJiD. adj. Chief; principal; as the bead

[ .Workman ; the /xad inn.

The horCe made their efcape to Winchcftcr, the
'iead quarters. Clarendon.

1} Head. t. «. [from the noun.]
J. To lead; to influence; to direft ; to
govern.

Abas, whofeem'd our friend, is either fled,
lOr, what we fear, our enemies does head. Dryden.

Kor is what has been faid of princes lefs true of
all other govcrnours, from him ihat beadt an army to
him that is maftcr of a family, or of one Imgle t'er-
vant. . , Stutb.

This lord had beaded his appointed bands,
In firm allegiance to his king's comm.inds. Prior.

a. To behead ; to kill by taking away the
head.

If you headxcA hang all that oBend that way but
■for ten years together, you'll be glad to give out a
commiifion for more heads. Sbakeff.

3. To£t any thing with a head or princi-
pal part.

Headed with flints and feathers bloody dy'd.
Arrows the Indians in their quivers hi„e. fairy ^

Of cornel-wood a fpcar upright,
Headed with piercing fteel, and poliOi'd bright.

Dryden.

4. ToJop trees.

You muft diibranch them, leaving only the fum-
jwt entire : it may be neceffary to bead them too.

Mirtimer.

H.£'adach..»./. [iJ^ff</ andflf^.] Pain in
• the head.

from llie cruel iWacfc,
BJches do not prcferve. Stdiey.

Nothing morecipofes to beadacbs, colds, catarrhs,
and coughs, than keeping the head warm.

Locke.

In the beadaci he orders the opening of the vein

of the forehead. Ariuthnot.

At fome dear idle time.
Not plagu'd with beadaebs, or the want of rhyme.

Pope.

He'aDBAND. w./. [^head ?inA hand,]

1. A fillet for the head ; a top-knot.

The Lord will take away the bonnets, and the
.beadtands. I/aiab.

2, The band at each end of a book.
He'adborouch.w./. [head 3nA borough.']

A conftable ; a fubordiii.t'.e cpnftable.
Here lies John Dod, a fcrvant of God, to whom
he It gone,
JFather or mother, filler or brother, he never knew

none ;
A headbartugh and a conftable, a man of fame.
The firftof his houfe, and laftof hisname. Cumden.

%\\\% none are able to break thorougli,
Until they're freed by head of iorougb. IJudiirai.
Hp-'adbress. »./. [head and dre/i.
i. The covering of a woman's head.

There is not To variable a thing in n.iture as a
lady's beaddrr/s: I have known it rife and fall.

Addifon.
If 'ere with airy horns \ planted heads.
Or difcompos'd the braddirji of a prude. Pcpt,

2. Any thing refembling a headdress, and
prominent on the hgiJ.

Among birds the males very often appear in a
molt beautiful beaddrr/s, whether it be a creft, a
corob, a tirft of leathers, or a natural little plume.

H^filA' '

ereAed like a Icind of-pinnacle on the verf top oT the
' he.id. Addi/oH.

He'auer. tt.f. [from head,]

1. One that heads nails, orpins, or the like.

2. The fii^ft brick in the angle;

] f the beadtr of one fide of the wall is toothed as
much as the'rtt-ctchcr on the outfide, it would be a'
(Ironger toofhmg, and the joints of the Headm of one
fide woiild' be in the middle of the benders of the
courfe they lie upon of the otherfide. Moxon.

He'adcargle. ». J', [head and gargle.]
A difeafe, I fuppofe in cattle.

For the beadgarg/epvc powder of fenugreek.

Mttrf inter.

He'adiness. ». /. [from /Kadji.] Hurry;
rafhnefs ; itubbomnefs ; precipitation ;
, obftinacy. .

If any will rafhly bbme fuch his choice of old and

unwonted words, him may I more Jurtly blame and

condemn, either of witlefs if<j</;>/^/r in judging, or

ofheadlefs hardinefs in condemning. Sfenfer.

H e' A D I. A N D . ». /. [head and land.]

1. Prom6ntory ; cape.

An licroick play ought to be an imitation of an
heroick poem, and confcquently love and valour ought
to be the fubjeil of it : both thefe Sir William IJa»
venant began to fliadow ; but it was fo as difcovcrers
draw their maps with beadlandi and promontories.

Dryden.

2. Ground under hedges.

Now down with the grafs upon headlands about.
That groweth in Ihadow fo rank and fo ftout. 7iijtr.
He'adless, ci//''. [Uomhead.]

1 . Without an head ; beheaded.

His (hiniug helmet he 'gan foon unlace.
And left his headle/t Iwdy bleeding at the place.

Sfen/er.

Were I a man, a duke, and next of blood,
1 would remove thefe tedious (tumbling blocks,
And fmooth my way upon their headlejs necks. Sbak.

On the cold earth lies th' unregarded king,
A beadlefs carcafe, and a namelefs thing. Denbam.

Prickly flubs, inilead of trees, are found ;
Hcadlffs the moll, and hideous to behold. Dryden.

2. Without a chief.

They reded not until they had made the empire
(land beaMr/s 3}io\it fcvenleen years. Raleigb.

3. Obftinate; inconfiderate; ignorant; want-
ing intellefts ; perhaps for heedttjs.

Him may I more jullly blame and condemn,
either of witlefs headincfs in judging, or oi bradlrfs
hardinefs in condemning. Spenfer.

He'adlong. adj.

1 . Steep ; precipitous.

2. Rafh ; thoughtlefs.

3. Sudden; precipitate.

Itfuddenly fell Irom an cxcefs of favour, which
many examples having taught ihem, never 'lopt his
race 'till he came to a hcadU/ig overthrow. Sidney.
He'adlong. adv. [head and long.]
I. With the head foremoft. It is often
doubtful whether this word be adjedive
or adverb.

I 'U look no more.
Left my brain turn, and the deficient fight
Topple down beadl'^i:g. Sbakefp.

Who, while he ilccring view'd the flars, and bore
His courfe from Africk to the Latian iliore.
Fell br.id/ong down. Oryden.

Hradiong Irom thence the glowing fury fprings.
And o'er the Theban palace fpreads her wings. Pope.
a. Rafhly; without thought ; precipitately.
To give Ahab fuch warning as might infallibly
have prevented his dellruClion, was ettccraed by him
evil; and to pufti him on if.»t//o«^ into it, bccaufe
he was fond of it, was accounted good. South.

Some alk for envied pow'r, which publick hate
Purfues, and hurries beadkng to their late,
D.iwn go the titles. Dryden.

3. Haftily ; without delay or refpite.

Unhappy ofl'spring of my teeming womb !
Diagg'd bmdling from thy cradle to thy tomb.

Dryden.

'H E A

4. It IS vtry negligently ufed by Shnh/pearr.

Hence will I drag thee headlong by the hee'j.
Unto a dunghill, which (hall be tliy grave. Sbak'/p.
iHe'aumould-shot, h. /. [head, mould,
I andj^'jt.] This is when the futures of ttie
I fknll, generally the coronal, ride ; that is
1 i^ve ilicir edges fliot over one another ;
I Ahich is frequent in infants, and occa-
' fions convulCons and deaths. i^tiuej.

He'adfi FCf . ft./, [head and piet^e.]

1. Armour for the head ;Jiclmct; motion.

1 pulled oflT my headpiece, and humbly entrcatfd
I her pardon, or knowledge why Ihc was cruel. Sidney.
The word isgiv'n ; with eager fpeed they lace .
The (hining headpiece, and the Ihield embraoe.
I Dryden.

A rcafon for this fitflion of the One-eyed Cyclops,
I was their wearing a headpiece, ot martial viziM-, that
had but one light. Brtome.

This champion will not come into the fields be-
fore his great blunderbufs can be got ready, hts old
roily brcdllplate fcourcd, and his cracked iieadpiece
mended. Sv4J^.

2. Underftanding; force of mind.

'Tis done by fome feverals
Oi headpiece extraordinary, lower mclTes
Perchance are to this bufinefs purblind. Shak'fp,
Eumenesh'ad the bell headpiece of all Alexanders
captains. Prideaux.

He'adquarters. »./. [head ini quarters.]
The place of general rendezvous, or lodg-
ment for foHiers. This is properly two
words.

Thofe fpirits, polled upon the out-guards i mrae-

diately fcour o.^' to the brain, which is the beitd~

ijuarters, or oilioe of intelligence, and there they

make their report. Cottier.

He'adship. n. f, [itova head ,] Dignity;

authority; chief place.
He'adsman. n. f. [head and maa.] Exe-
cutioner; one that cuts off heads.

Rods brokcon our ailbciates bleeding backs.
And head/men lab'ring 'till they blunt their axe.

Oryden.
He'adstall. «. /. [head and /all. ]?drt
of the bridle that covers the head.

His horfe, with a half-check'd bit, and a bead'

JIall of (heep's leather, which being redrained to

keep him from Humbling, hath been often buttb,

and now repaired with knots. Shakefpeare.

He'adstone. «. /. [head and fiane.] The

firft or capital ftone.

The (lone, which the builders refufed, i; become
the headftme. /^cxviii. 14,

He'ads rRONG. adj. [head and Jirong.] Un-
reftrained ; violent ; ungovernable ; refo-
lute to run his own way ; as a horfe whofe
head cannot be held in.

An eiamp e, for biadjirong and inconfiderate
zeal, no lefs fearful than Achitophel fur proud and
irreligious wifdom. Hooker.

How now, mf beadjirong! where have you been
gadding?
— Whore 1 have learnt me to repent the fin
Ofdifohfdienteppofitton. Sbake/p. Romeo and yiiBet,

But fuch ^beadjlrorg potent fault it is.
That it but mocks reproof. Sbakefp. T\velfth Nighty

He ill afpiresto rule
Cities of menori<'j<//?«»^ multitudes,
SubjeA himfcif to anarchy within. Miltm

There's no oppofing the torrent of a headflrong
multitude. L'Ef.range

Mow let the beadjirong boy my will controul :
Virtue's no Have ol man ; no fex confines the foul :
1, for myfelf, th' imperial feat will gain.
And he Ihall wait my leifure for his ixign.

Dryden,

Your father's folly took a beadjirong courfe j
But I'll rule your's, and teach you love by force.

Dryden.

Can we forget how the mad beadjirong rout
Dcfy'd their prince to arms, nor made account
Of fa>tb or duty, or allegianec iVora ? PLil'ps.

V\\

H E A

111 try if yet I can reduce lo reafon i :i;

This beaJJirong youth, and make him Ipum if Cats.

Addifiin.
You'll be both judge and party : I am forry thou
/ difcovcrelt To much of liiy bcadfirea^ humour.' '

,- ■ , Arbuthnot,

He'adworkman. it, f. \head ' •vxrk ^nd
OTo«.] The foreman, or chief fervant
over the reft. Properly two words.

Can Wood be othtrwife regarded than as the
mechaniclc, the biadiuorknian^ tu prepare furnace
* and ilamps ? Su^ifi.

He'adv. aJJ. [from bead.]
I. Raili ; precipitate; hally ; violent; un-
governable; hurried on with paflion.
Talce pity of your town and of your people,
VVhile yet the cool and temp 'rate wind of grace
O'trblows the filthy »nd coiitagious clouds
Of itady murder, fpoil and villainy. SiakfJ^eari.

I am advil'ed what 1 fay :
Neither difturh'd with the cffe£l of wine,
Nor, btjdj rafli, prcvok'd with raging ire;
Albeit my wionts might make one *ifermad. Sbak.

IM forbear.
And am fall'n out with my more btaiy will, '
\o take the indifpos'd and fickly ijt
For the found man. Shakeffcart,

Wives, the readiell helps
Tkf betray beady hulband , rob theeafy. Beny»nfj>i.
Thofe only are regarded who arc true to their
party ; and aU the talent required is to be hot, ii be
btady, to be violent on one Side or other. T^emfU. ,
Nlcn, naturally warm tai htady, are tranfportcd !
tti'h the greateft flulh of good-nature. Adi'/'-it.

2. Apt to affeift tlie head.

1 wai entertained with a fort of wine which was

,t do. > ''
* , . ' , ,-^- . ibow :

(>tve yau lUong icnfe, the lic^uor is too bfody ;
Vou're come to farce, ihat'talfes milk, already.

Dryden.
Flow, Welded! flow, like thine infpirer, becrj
lly-adyy not Itrong; and foaming, though not full.
•f Pofe.

3. VicxJent; impetuous.

Ne^*r ca^c reformation in a flood
Wiih fuch a bejdy current fcow'ring faults ;
Nor ever h\dra-headed wilfulncls
S.) iiion did lefe his leal. Sbairfp.

7fl HE.AL. t'.o. Ualgan, Gothick ; Jpailan,
Saxon; heelcK, Dutch.]

1. To cure a perfon; to rettore. from, hurt
or fitknefs. \

1 will r-jltore health, and htal thee of thy wounds.

"Jir. 1,1.x.

Who would not believe that out Saviour bfaUd
the fick, and raifed the dead, when it was pub-
!.|ii-d by thofc: who ihemfclves otten did the fame
""^'•"^'^s^ . Addtpt,.

Phyficians, by juft obfcrvalions, grow up to an
honourable dep ree of Ikill in the art of bea,mg. IKuti.

2. To cure a wouml or diftemper.

Thou Ljlt .',■; htallng medicines. "Jrr. xxi. i^.

A fontarc; had been made in the fjn« leg, which

he wasfcrctd lohtala^, by reafon of 'he pain. If'i/im.

3. To perform the aft of making a fore to
cicatrize, after it is cleanfed.

After feparalion ol the efchar, I deterged and
t'aird. IVij.man.

4. '1 o reconcile; as, he healed zW diflenfions.
7<-IIeal. -v. n. To grow well. Ufcd of

wounds or fores. ,

TUft wounds biai that men do give themfelves.

Sbakifp,
AbfceHcs wiU have a greater or lefa tendency to

bul, as they are hii;liet or lowei in the body. Sbai-p\

He'alsr. »./. [from beal.l Ooewho cures
or heals.

I will not be an italir, Ifaiah

HsAl.INO. participial adj. [from leal.\
Mild: mollifying; gentle; aiTuafive; as
Le is of a heating, pat,ifick temper.

H'E A

HEALTH. »./. [from heel, Saxon.]

1. Freedom from bodily pain or ficknefs.

Hrahb isthe faculty of performing all adlior.s
proper to a human body, in the molt perfeift nianncr.

SluiHcy.

Our father"!;; in good htaltkt he is yet alive. Cen.
May be he is not well ; .
Ihfirihify doth rtill neglea all ofiicr.
Whereto our bealth is bound. Sbakeff.

2. VVelfore of mind; purity; goodnefs.;
principle of falvation.

There is no /pf.iJxJi in us. Common Prayrr.

The bed prcferva'tive to keep the rainj ia Le.if4h,

is the faithful admonition of a friend. Bacon,

3. Salvation fpiritual and ttjmporal.

My Cod, my God, why haft thou forfakcn.me,

, and jitt lo tar liu:n my Ualib, and, from the words

"Ojjco.-uplaint? P/alms.

4. Wiih oi happinefs ufcd in drinking.

Come, love andiiea/r.^ to all; .
I drink to th' general joy of the whole table. Sbak.
.He.alkcd leave to begin two bealibi : the fin!
was Jo «he kii)g'» railUefs, and the fecood to his wilt.
V ■ . ' H=%Ce!.

For peace at home, and for the public wealth,
I mean to crow n a bowl to Caefar's bealiif. Dryden.
He'al-thful. adj. [Ixalih anifu//.]

1. Free from ficknefs.

Adam knew no difeafe, fo long as temperance

• from the forbidden fruit fecured him: Katurc was

hii ph>1ician, and innocence and abftinence would

have kept him h^attbful to immorialiir. • StUlb.

2. Well.difpofed! ' ./.,.■

Such an exploit have I in hand.
Had you an hralib/xi ear to hear it. Sbakrfp.

^, Wholefonte; ftlubrious, 1

Many good and bealibful airs do appear by ha-
bitation and proofs, thatdifjer not in fm^ll from other
»'"■ Uacon.

While thpy pervert pare nature's btahbful rules
Tolo.iii.: 'I'; worthily fince they

'-'•'^'■i ■ leverenceinihemfolves. Mihon,

t^' J". . jod the ftomach labours thus, •

At lirli" embracing what it (Iraight doth crulh. Dryd.
4. Salutary; produftive of falvation.

Poor upon them the biallkfut Ipirifof thy grace.
Common Prayer,

Healthfully, adv. [from healihfuL}

1 . In health. ^ ^

2. Wholefomely.
He'ai-thpvlness. n.f. [from healthful.]

1. State of being well.

2. Wholeforacnefs ; falubrious qualities. '

You have tailed of that cup whereof I have
liberally drank, which I look upon as God's phyfick
having tiiat in beatiifutnc/x which it wanu in
?'"'}'''• King Cbarla.

We ventured to make a ftandard of the bealib.
fuimft of the air from the propoitioa of acute and
epidemical difeafes. Gvaunl.

lo the winds the inhabitants of Geneva afcribe
l\ic bealihjulneft oi their air; for as the Alps fur-
round them on ail fides, there would be a coulbnt
Hagnation of v.;.ours, did not the noith wind put
them in motion. ' AdJi/on on Italy.

Ht'ALTHiLy. od%. [iiom heahhj.] Wkh-i

out ficknefs or pain.
He'althiness. »,/. [horn healthy. \ The'

ftaleof health.
He'althless. adj. [from health.]-

1, Weak; fickly; infirm.

2. Not conducive to health.

He that fpends his time in fporn, is like him
whofc garment is aU made of fringes, and hi. meat
nothing but fauces; thty in braliblr/., chargeable,
and ufclefs. <f-^y^^'

He'althsome. adj. [from health.] Whole-
fome ; falutary. Not ufed.

Shall I not then be ftitled in the vault,.
To whofe foul mouth no htaltbfame air breathes in
And there be ftranglcj ere ray Komeo comes > Sbak

Ht'ALTHy. adj. \iiQxa benlih.]

•H E A

I. Enjoying heafth; free from lickmsfi;;
hale; found.

The liulhandm.in returns from the field, and from-

manuring his joMmd, 'Ifiiong- and healthy, becaufe

innocent and laborious. ' ; South.

Temperance, induflry, and a puMick fpirit, run.^

ning through the whole body of 'thfi pSopte in HoU-

land, hath preferved an infant commonwealth, of a

fickly conliitution,' Ihiough fo tnjny dangers, aJ

a much more healthy one could never have (Iruggicd

againrt without thofc advantages. i'«'//f.

Air and exercife contribute to make tHe animal-

'"a'iby. _ A'.fuibnot.

2. Conducive to health ; wholefome.

Gardening or hulhnndry, and working in vlOoS,-
are fit and healthy recreations tor a man of lludy o^
bufinefs, ^„^>,;

Heam. b. /. In beafls the fame as the
after-birth in women.

HE.AP. tt. /. [heap, Saxon; hoop, Dutch
and Scbttilli.]

1. Many fingle things tWawn together ; a'
pile; an accumulation.

The; way to Lay the citv flat.
And bury all which yet diifindfly ranges,
In i.-j/.j and piles of ruin. . Sbakc/f'.

The dead were fallen down by heaps, one upoia
'"'°'''"- .If'lfd.xnyJz'^..

Huge *<-<j/>rof flain around the body tife. Dryden.

Venice in its (irfl beginnings had only a kw heaps

of earth for its dominions. AdJif^n m Italy.

, ,j 'Tis one thing, only as a heap is one. Blackmore'.

2. A crowd; a throng; a rabble.

A cruel tyranny; a li/af of vafTals and flaves,.
no freemen, no inheritance, ho ftirp or ancient fa-
">'!,'"• . Bann.

3. CJluftet: number driven together..

An univerfal.cry refounds aloud j
The tailors run in heaps, a helplefs crowd. Dndeyt.

To Hi AP. I.e. [from the noun.]
I, To throw on heaps; to pile; to throw-
together. ,

Reap on wood, kindle the (ire. £:^k. xxW. 10.

z. To accumulate-r to !ny i}p..

Though the wicked heap up filver as tht duff^
and raiment as the clay; hut the juft (hall put ic
on, and the innocent Ihall divide the filver.

-, , Job, xxvii. 16.-

How great the credit was, wherein that oracle
was preferved, may be gathered from the vaft rich*
which ivcre there heaped up fiom the ofleriugs of aU
the Grecian nations. Icinple.

They who will make profelTion of painting, mulit
heap up treafurcs out of their reading, and there
will (jnd many wonderful means of jailing thcmfelvrg
above others. D,yacn^

3. To add tofomething elfe.

For tholi: of old,
And the late dignities beap'd up to them.
We tcft your hermits. Sbaliefp,

He'aper. ». /. [ftom heap.] On« thiit'

makes piles or heaps.
Ha'Apy. m//; [from heap,] Lying in heaps.

Where a dim gleam the palylanthorn throws-
O'er the mid pavement, /.r.jjy/rubbiUi grows. Cay.

, Scarce lii.s head
Rais'd o'er ihe hcapy wreath, the branching elk
Lies llumb'riBg fullen in the white .ibyfs. Tbomfi.n.
.To HEAR. 'V. n. [hy;ian, Saxon; hoo^n,.

Dutch.]
I. To enjoy the fenfe by vrfiich founds are^
diftinguiihed.

Sound is nothing but a certain-modulation of the
external air, wh/ch, being gathered by the external
ear, beats, as is fuppolcd, ujinn the raembrana tym-
pani, which moves the four little bones in the tym-
panum: in like manner as it is beat by the ex.
ternal air, thefe little bones move the internal air
which is in the tympanum and veftibulum ; which-
internal air makes an imprcOion upon the auditory-
nerve in the labyiiiith and cochle.i, according as it
is moved by the little bones in the tympanum: lb
that, according 10 the vaiious reflexions of the ex-
Urnal air, tlK istemal »ir mke« various inp relBons

*H E A

vpsB the tuiltory nerve, ihe' immediite Mfin of

tfjring; and the(e different impfeflioM Kpiefent

iiffOTnt louiid*. ,1 , . , ,. ^"'"'y-

The objefl of bearing it found, whole TMicIy; is

*ifc peat, th»t it brings in aSmiiablc iloie of imelli-

• gence. , . «»'''"■•

Princes cannot fee far with,jhe«. own flje*, nor

*far with tlieit own ears. ,, .'.Xf^H'-

i. Toliften; to hearken to; as, he ttan/

i with great attention.

So fpake our mother Eve, and Adxin hean/,
Well-pleas'd, tut anfrtr'a n<it. MillOK.

Great laujliter was in heav'n,
And looking down, to fee the liiibbab ftrange.
And bzar the din. Milton.

J. To be told ; to have at» account : with of.

I have htarJ by many o^ this man. ABi, ix. 13.

I *as bowed down at *te ieiirixg ^ it f 1 wa»
difmayed at the feeing of it. • i Hofta.

Wifjr e/"fueh a crime
As tragick poets, Cncc the birth of lime,
Ne'er feigo'd. Ti/f-i Juvenal.

This, of eldeft parents, leaves us more in tlie
dark, who, by divine inftilution, has a right to civil
power, than thofe who never bturd any thing al all
of heir or defcent. i^^'-

To Hear. v. a. ,

1 . To perceive by the ear.

The trumpeters and fingers were as one found to
be btarJ in praifing ibe Lord. 2 Cbroa. v. 13.

And lure he heard me, but he would not hear.

Drydcn.

2. To give an audience, or allowance to

fpeak.

He fcnt for PauJ, and beard him concerning the
faith in Chrift. -^^'^ >'»i>'- ^4-

I muft beg the forbearance of cenfure, 'till 1 have
been beard out in the fequel of this difcourfc. Locke.

3. To attend ; to liften to ; to obey.

A fcorner bearelb not rebuke. Preverit.

Hear the word at my mouth, and give them
*rarning from me. Exek.\\\.\T.

To-day if ye will bear his voice, harden not your
hearts. Hehre-a-i.

A. To attend favourably.

They think they Ihall be btard for^beir much
fpeaking. ^•"■

Since 'tis your command, what you fo well
Are pleas'd to bear, I cannot grieve to tell. Denbam.
The goddefs i«r</. P<'P'-

5. To try ; to attend judicially.

Hear the caufes, and judge righteoufly.

Deut. i. 16.

6. To attend, as to one fpeaking.

On earth
Who againft ftiith or confciencc can be beard
llrfallible > Milton.

7. To acknowledge a title. A Latin phrafe.

Or bear'fi thou rather pure ethereal dream,
Whofe fountain who (hall tell ? Milton.

Hear'fi thou fubmiflive, but a lowly birth ? Prior.

Heard fignifics a keeper, and is fometimes
initial; a« heard-heart, a glorious keeper :
fometimes final, as fywifarrf, a royal keeper.
Gib/on's Camden. It is now written herd:
as, covoherd, a cowkeeper; )5yrvb, Saxon.

He'arer. «./. [from Arar.j

1 . One who hears.
And fo was (he dulled withal, that we could come

fo near as to hear her fpccches, aiid yet (he not
perceive the hearm of her lamentation. Sidney.

St. John and St. Matthew, ivhich have recorded
tbefe fermc.ns heard them ; and being bearers, did
think themfelves as well refpcfled as the Pharifees.

Hooker.

WorJs, be they never fo few, are too many,
when they bene(ii not the hearer. Hoakir.

The bearers will (bed tears
And fay, Alas ! it was a piteous deed ! Sbaieff,

Tell thou the lamentable fall of me.
And fend the bearers weeping to their beds. Slakefp.

2. One who attends dortrinc or difcourfe
orally delivered by another; as, the heartri
of the gofjiel.

tt E A.

3. pde'bf'a'colle'ffcd aodienM.

Pl*ys in themfrtvej.tiawe oetther hopes nor ftarf;
Their fate is only in *>cir AcarfJ' ears. lSenJonft.n.

Iter Afarerr bed no (hate .
Jn all (he fpoke, except to ftare. Sivift.

He' A R I K n . «r, / [from k-ar.'] '

1 . Tlic fcnfe by <vhich founds are perceived.

Bees are cafled with found upon brafs, aiij tTiore-
fore (liey lave bearing. Baein't Natural Hi^'crjj.

2. Audiehce. •

The French ambalTaftor upon tliat inftant '■
Cravf'd ■aOiTiertce ) and flkhcHii', t think, is txftne
• To giife hiiit tearing. Sbakejp.

3. Judicial trial.

Aerippa and BerMt^e enteitd info the place 'if
'Beln-ini. ;^f»-

The readers are the jury lo decide acctn^mg to
the merits of the caufc, or to brrng it to another
bearing before fome other court. DryJen.

Thofe of di(reient principles may be betrayed to
give you a fair bearing, and to know what you have
to fay lor yourfelf. Addifon.

4. Note by the ear; reach of hearing.

If we profefs as Peter did, that wc love the Lord,
and profefs it in the hearing c^ mtn; charity is
prone to hear all thriigj, and therefore charitable
mco are likely lo think we do fo. Hooker.

In our bearing the king charged thee, beware
that none touch Abfalom. 2 Sam. xviii. 12.

You h.ive been talked of fince your travels much.
And that in Hamlet's hearing, for a quality
Wherein they fay you ihine. Sbake/f. Hamlet.

The fox had the good luck to be within bearing.

UEjUange.

To HF/ARKEN. -v. n. [Jjeapcman, Saxon.]

1. To liften ; to liften eagerly or curioufty.

The y»ungeft daughter, whom you hearken (nr
Her father keeps from accefs of fuitors. Sbake/j>.

He hearkens after prophecies and dreams. Shai.
They do me too much injury.
That ever faid I hearken' d for your death :
If it were fo, I might have let alone
Th' infulting hand of Douglas over you. Hhakcfp.

. T>c galling lhree-moutli'<l dog forgcis to fnarl ;
The !u\.\ii hearken, and their fnakes uncurl. Dryjen.

Louder and yet more loud, I hear the alarms
Of human cries:

1 mount the terrafs, thence the town funey,
And hearken what the fmitful found? convey. Dryd.

He who makes much necelTar)-, will want much ;
and, wearied with the difficulty of the attainment,
will hearken after any expedient tliatoifcis lo Ihorten
his way to it. Rogers.

2. To attend; to. pay regard.

Heat ken unto me, thrtu fon of Zippor. Numitrs.

Thofe who put paffion in the place of rcafon,
neither ufe their own, -nor hearken to other people's
teafon, any fxnher rhan it fuiTs their humour. Ijxke.-

There's not a blefling individuals liiid.
Bat fome way leans and hearkens to ihe kind. Pope.
He'aRkener. »./. [hom hearhn.] Liftenerj

one th.Tt hearkens.
He'arsay, »./. [hear and /eiy.'] Reptirt;
rtmour; what is not known otherwife
than by account from others.

for prey iheie (hepberds two he took,
Whofe metal ftiffhe knew he could not bend
With hea'/iij p\Aurcs, or a window loe-k. Sidney.

He affirms by beer/ay, ihat fome giants faved
themfelves upon the mountain Bari^ in Armenia.

Raleigh's Hi/lory.

All the litlle fcramblers after fame fall upon him,
publilh every blot in his Ufe, and depend upon bear-
Jay lo defame hiiil. AJdi/m,

Hearse. »./. [Of unknown etymology.]

1. A carriage in which the dead arc conveyed
to the grave.

2. A temporary monument fet over a grave.

To add lo your laments
Wherewith you now bedew King Henry's bear/e,
I mud inform you of a difmal fight. Sbake/f.

I HEART. «./. {\ytora, Saxon; htrtz, Ger-
man.]
' J. 'Ihe raufcle which by its contraftion an^

H E'A

• dilation projiels the blood thro\igh tlie
conrfe of circulation, and is therefore
conCikrcd isstlie fourtc of vitari motion.
2. It is ftip|>ofed m 'fmpular Ijingoage'to
"•'be'' the feat fometimes of courage, fom&-
tiints of affcftirfn, fonldtlmes ofhoneflj',
or bafehefi.

He With prt)Videftct ard'cburage fo palTedovei'all,
"that i!he mother Jtook fuch fpitetiil grisf at it, that
- ' her ixw/brake withal, and Are died. • Sfdney.

Thou would'ft .have lelt ihy dcarfft '^fl'-r blood
there, ' * ' •

Ra(litt than nnade th.n favage Duke thine Jiair, . !
And difmheritejihineonly fon. -'■ Sbake/p.
Snake,s in my bean blood warti'd, that'llin?niy
■ heart. ■' 'Tf^^C/)*'

'Our battle is more full of names than you'fs.
Our men more perfcfl in the ufe of arms,
Our"armour all as (Iroiig, our caufe the heft ;
Then reafon wills our beam IhoulJ be as good. Sbak.

I thanV you for my venifon, mafter Shallow.
—^Nf after Page, much good do it your good heart.
* Sbake/p.

But fince the brain doth lodge ihejiow'rs of fenle,
How makes it in the heart thofe palUons fpringf

The mutual love, the kind imelligence
'Tmtt heart and bnint this fympathy doth bring.

Daviei.

We all fet our hearts at reft, fince whatever

' comes from above is for the bell. L'Eftrange,

The only true zeal is that which is guided by a

good light in the head, and tliat which confifts of

good and innocent afiedions in the heart. Sftratt.

Preft with heart corroding grief and yean.
To the gay court a rural ftied prefers. Pipe.

3. The chief part; the vital part; the vi-
gorous or efficacious part.

Barley being deeped in water, and turned upon a
dry floor, will fprout half an inch ; and if it be let
alone, much more, until tlie heart b»out. Baan.

4. The inner part of any thing.

Some Engiifhmen did with great danger pafs by
water into the lieart of the country. Aiioi.

The king's forces arc employed in appealing dif-
orJers more near the heart titi the kingdom.

Hafvaid,

Ceiierally the infide or btart rf 'trees is harder
than the outward pans. Boyle.

Here in the heart of all the town I'll ftay.
And timely fucconr wliere.it wanis convey. Dryden.

If the foundation be b,id, provide good piles made
0/ bean of oak, fuch as will reach ground. Moxon.

5. Perfon; chandler. Ufed with rcfpeft
to courage or kindnefs.

The king's a bawcock, and a heart of gold,
A lad of life, an imp of fame. Sbake/f.

Hey, my hearts; cheerly my hearts. Sbake/f.
What fays my iirar/ of elder? Ha! ishedead?

Sbake/f.

6. Courage ; fpirit.

If it pleafe you to make his fortune knoWn, 1
will after take heart again to go on with his falfe-
hooJ. Sidney.

There did other lite unliappy accidents happen
out of England, which gave heart and good oppor-
tunity 10 them to regain their old poffelTions.

Sfenjer.

Wide was the wound ; and a lai^e lukewarmflood,
Red as the rofe, thence guflicd grievoufiy.

That when the painim fpy'd the dreaming blood.
Gave him great heart and iiope of victory.

Fairy Q»een.

Eve, recovering heart, reply'd. Milton.

Having left that city well provided, and in good
bean, his Majefly removed wiih his litilc army to
Bewdley. Clarendon.

Finding that it did them no hurt, they took
heart upon'!, went up to't, and Tiewed it.

I.'Eftratige.

The expelled nations take heart, and when
ihcy fly from one country invade another. 7imfie,

7. Seat of love.

Ah I what avails it me the Bocks to keep,
Wlio toft my heart vihile I pteferfr'd my Iherp.

■P.pe.

8. Affcflion, inclination.

iQak

H E A

Joab perce'ireii that the king's itiirf wai towards

Abfalom. X Sam.

Means how to feel, and learn each other's btart.
By th' abbot's Ikill of Weftmintler Is feund,

Dantfl.
Nor fet thy biart^
Thus ov-er-fond, on that which is not thine.

Milioa.
'Tis well to be tender ; but to fet the begirt too
Bluch upon anything is what we cannot juftify.

I.'EjIrangte.

A friend makes me a fcaft, and fets all before

me ; but I fet my ktart upon one difli alone, aod

it' that happen to be thrown down, I fcorn all the

reft. _ Ttmfle.

Then mixing pow'rful herbs with magick art,
She cbang'd his form who could not change hi>>
heart. Dryitn.

What did I not, herfhibborn bean to gain?
^Sut all my vows were anfwer'd with difdain.

9. Memory: thoagh South feems to diftin-
guifh.

Whatfoever was attained to, coneeming God and
his working in nature, the fame was delivered over
by htari and tradition from wife men to a pofterity
equally tealous. Kaltigb.

We call the committing of a thing to memory
the getting it by bearl ; for it is the memory that
muft tranfmit it to the btart\ and it is in vain to
expe£l that the biart fhould keep its bold of any
truth, when the memory has let it go. South.

Shall I in Lon'on adl this idle part ?
CompoGng fongs for fools to get by bean. Pope.

10. Good-will ; ardour of zeal. To take
to heart any thing, is to be zealous or
folicitous or ardent about it.

If he take not their caufes to heart, how (hould
there be but in them frozen coldnefi, when his
aSediont feem benumbed, from whom theiis Ihould
take fire! Hooker.

If he would take the bufinefs to heart, and deal
in it effeaually it would fucceed well. Baeon.

The lady Marchionefs of Hertford engaged her
hufband to take this bufinefs to heart. Clarendan.

Amongft thofe, who took it moll to heart. Sir
John Stawell was the chief. Clarendon.

Every prudent and honell man would join him-
felf to that fide whiah had the good of their country
mod at heart. AJdi/ox.

Learned men have been now a long time fearch-
ing after the happy country from which our firft
parents were exiled : if they can find it, with all my
heart. tyood-wari.

I would not be forry to find the Prelbyterians
miflaken in this point, which they have moft at
bean. Stvifi.

What I have moft at heart is, that fome method
(hould be thought on for afceruining and fixing
our language. Sviifi.

II. Paflions; anxiety; concern.

Set your heart at reft;
The fairy land buys not the child of me. Sbal.

II. Secret thoughts ; receffes of the mind.

Michal faw King David leaping aod dancing
before the Lord, and flic defpifed him in hit heart.

I Sam. vi. 16.

The neit in generation will in tongue and heart,
and every way elfe, become Englilb j fe as there
will be no difference or diftinftion, but the Irilh fea,
bciwiit us. Davlet.

Thou faweft the conu-adidlioo between my bran
•n^h-""*- King Charlei.

Would you have him open his heart to you, and
a(k your advice, you muft begin to do fo with him
fifft. Ltcke

Men, fome to pleafure, fume to bufinefs uke ;
But every woman is at heart a rake. Pope.

13. Difpofition of mind.

D»ing all things with fo pretty ■ grace, that it
leemed ignorance could not make him do amifs, be-
caufe he had a heart to do well. Sidney.

14. The heart it confidcred as the feat of
tendernefs : a hard htari therefore is cru-
elty.

I've feen ihee ftem, and thou haft oft beheld
Heari bardciuag fpeftaslei. Sbtke/f,

H E A

Such ifftn beartt we are, and fuch
The bjfc barbarity of humankind. Riwe.

15. To find in the Heart. To be not
wholly averfe.

For my breaking the laws of friendlhip with
you, I could Jind in my heart to alk you pardon for
it, 'hut that your now handling of me gives me
reafon to confirm my former dealing. Sidney,

16. Secret meaning ; hidden intention.

1 will on with myfpecch in yourpraife.
And then flicw you the heart of my meffage.

Sbakefpeare.

17. Confcience; fenfe of good or ill.

Every man's heart and confcience doth in good
or evil, even fecretly committed, and known 10
none but itfelf, either like or difallow itfelf.

Hooker.

18. Strength; power; vigour; efficacy.
Try whether leaves of trees, fwcpt together,

with fome chalk and dung mixed, to give them
more bean, would not make a good compoft.

Bac^n.

That the fpent earth may gather heart again,
And, better'd by ceflition, bear the grain. Dryden.

Care muft betaken not to plow ground out of
heart, becaufe if 'tis in heart, it may be improved
by marl again. Mortimer.

19. Utmoft degree.

This gay charm.
Like a right gipfy, hath, at faft and loofe,
BeguiI'd me to the very heart of lofs. Shakefp.

20. Life. For my heart feems fometimes
to fignify, if life 'wat aljiake ; and fonie-
timesyir lenderneft,

I bid the rafcal knock upon your gate.
And could not get him/cr mj heart to do it.

Shakefpeare.
I gave it to a youth,
A prating boy, that bcgg'd it as a fee :
I could notyJr my bean deny it him. Shakefp.

Profoundly (kill'd in the black art.
As EngUlh Merlin /or hit heart. Huditrat.

21. It is much ufed in' compofition for
mind, or affedion.

Heart-ach. «. /. [heart and ecb."]
Sorrow ; pang ; anguilh of mind.

To die — to fleep —
No more j and, by a fleep, to fay we end
The heari.ach, and the tboufand natural (hocks
That fle(h is heir to. Shakefp. Hamlet.

Hi ART-BREAK. ». /, [heart and break.]
Overpowering forrow.

Better a little chiding than a great deal of bean.
*""*• Shakefp.

Heart-breaker, n. f. A. cant name for
a woman's curls, fuppofed to break the
heart of all her lovers.

Like Samfon's heanireakeri, it grew
In time to make a nation rue. Hudibras.

Hkart-breakinc. adj. Overpowering
with forrow.

Thofe piteous plaints and (brrowful fad rhime.
Which late you poured forth, as ye did lit
Befide the filvcr Iprings of Helicone,
Making your mufick of heartbreaking mone.

Spen/er.

HiART-BKEAKtNC. n. f. Ovcrpowering
grief.

What greater heartbreaking and confufion can
there be to one, than to have all his fecret faults
laid •pen, and the fentence of condemnation palTed
upon him? Hakrwill.

Heart- BURNED, adj. {heart and burn.]
Having the heart inflamed.

How tartly that gentleman looks I I never can
fee him but I am bean-turn'd an hour after.

Sbakefpeare.
Heart-Borning. ti.f. [heart an^ burn.]
I . Pain at the lloraach, commonly from an
acrid humour. *

Fine clean chalk is one of the moft noWe abfor.
bems, and powerfully correas led fubduci the

H E A

aerid humours in the ftomach : this properly reiideri
it very ferviceable in the eardialg-a, or heart,
btirning. Ifood-uiard.

2. Difcontent; fecret canrity.

In great changes, when right of inheritance i»
broke, there will remain much heart-burning and
difcontent among the meaner people. Svjift.

Heart-dear, adj. Sincerely beloved.

The time w.is, father, that you broke your word,
When you were more endear'd to it than non'.
When your own Percy, when my heart-dear Harry,
Threw many a northward look to fee his father
Bring up his pow'rsj but he did long in vain !

Shakefpearfi

Heart.ease. n.f. Quiet; tranquillity.

What infinite heitrt-eafe muft kings negleift.
That private men enjoy I Shakefp.

Heart-easing, ad)'. Giving quiet.
But come, thou goddefs, fair and free.
In heav'n y'clep'd Euphrofyne,
And by men beart-eafing mirth. Mitlori.

Heart-felt. a<^". telt in the confcience.

What nothing earthly gives, or can deftroy.
The foul's calm funlhine, an4 the heartfelt 'y>-].
Is virtue's priie. Pope.

Heart-peas. ». / A plant with round

feeds in form of peas, of a black colour,

having the figure of an heart of a white

/ colour upon each. Miller,

Heart- que LUNG, adj. Conquering the

affedion.

And let fair Venus, that is queen of love,
With her beari.jurtling fon, upon you fmile.

Spenftr.

Heart-rending, adj. Killing with an-
guilh.

Heart-rending news, and dreadful to thofe fevr
Who her refemble, and her fteps purfue 5
That death Ihould licence have to rage among
The fair, the wife, the virtuous, and the young !

IValler.

Heart-robbino. adj. Ecftatickj depri-
ving of thought. Obfolete.

Sweet is thy virtue, as thyfelf fwect artf
For when on me thou (hinedft, late in fadnefs,
A melting pleafance ran through every part.
And me revived with heart-robbing gladnefs.

TV ,. Sfeufer.

Heart-«ick. adj.

1. Pained in mind.

If we be heari-fick, or affliaed with an uncer.
tain foul, than we are true defiren of relief ani
mercy. Taylor.

2. Mortally ill; hurt in the heart.

Good Romeo, hide thyfelf
— Not I, unlcfs the breach of heart-J!ck%faira
Miftlilfe, infold rac from the fearch of eyes.

Shakeffeari.

Hearts-ease. H.f, A plant.

Hearts-eafe is a fort of violet that Hows all
Summer and often in Wintar: it fows itfelf.

Mortimer.

Heart-sore. «./. That which pains the
mind.

Wherever he that godly knight may find.
His only bean-fore and his only foe.

Fairy ^eeie.

Heart-string, n. /. [heart md firing.}
The tendons or nerves fuppofed to brace
and fullain the heart.

He was by Jove deprived
Of life himfelf, and beart-firingt of an eagle rivej.
„ , Spenfer,

How, out of tune on the ftrings?
— Not fo; but yet fo falfe, that he grieves my
very heart -Jirirgt. Sbakefpeare.

That grates my beart-ftringt : what ftiould dif.
content him!
Except he thinks 1 live too long. Denbam.

If thou thinkeft thou (halt perilh, I cannot
blame thee 10 be fad 'till thy bearl-Jlringt crack.

Taylor.
« ■ Hcie'j

. H E A

litre's the fatal wound
T!ia(«jr« ray hfari-Jiringn but be fliallbe fotm^,
M) JiTDs Ihail hold him. Grmvillf.

IIeart-strvck. adj.

1. Driven to the heart ; infixed for ever in
the mind.

Whois with liim?

None but the fool who labours to out-jell

His i'i-fltf-/?ri(f* injuries. Shekeff.

2. Shocked with fear or difmay.

He added not; foT Adam, at the news,
Iherl-JIruck, with chilling gripe of forrow flood,
That all his fenfes bound ! Ali.'isn.

IIe.^rt-swelling. at/J. Rankling iii the
mind.

Drawn into arms, and proof of mort.il fight,
Thiough proud ambition and heailfu'dliKg hate.

SftxJ'cr,

Heart-whoi.e. adj.

1. With the affeftions yet unfi.xed.

You have not feen me yet, and therefore I am
confident you are keart.vibt,:t. Drydtn.

Cupid haih clapt him o' th' flioulder; but I'll
warrant him heart-vsholt . Sbakrfpeare.

2. With the vitals yet unimpaired.
Heartwovnded. adj. Filled with paffion

of love or grief.

Mean time the queen, without refleiSion due,
Hcarl-vjcundtd, to the bed of ftate withdrew.

Popf.

Heartwounding, aJj. Filling with
grief.

With a (hrielc hearl-vouudingXcui (he cry'd.
While down her cheeks the guftiing torrents ran.
Fall falling on her hands._ _ Rotve.

He'arted. adj. It is only ufed in com-

pofition : as, hard hearted.
He ne'er like bullies coward hearted,

Attacks in publick to be parted. Cay.

To He'arten. -v. a. [from heart.'\
1. To encourage; to animate; to ftir up.

Palkdius blaming ihofe that were flow, heartefsiig
them that were forward, but efpecially with his
own example leading them, made an impreflion iiito
tli<; f(juadron. Sidney.

My royal father, cheer thefe noble lords.
And hearten thofe that fight in your deftnce:
Unlheath your fword, good father; cry, St George.

Shaktfpeare.

This rare man, Tydldes, would prepare;
Ttiat he might conquer, heartened hina. Chetpntan.

Thus biarten'd well, and flelh'J upon his prey,
•" Th&youth may prove a man another day. Drydcn.

•5,' To meliorate or renovate with manure.
The ground one year at reft ; forget not then
With richeft dung to hearlan it again. May's I'i'gil.

llrARTH. «./• 'Ihe pavement of a room
on which a fire is made ; the ground un-
der the chimney.

Hoop'd out of Rome : now this extreijiity
)Iath brought me to this hearth. Sbakefp.

Cricket, to Windforchimneys (halt thou leap,
Where thou find'ft fires unrak'd, and hearths

unfwept,
There pinch the maids as blue as bilberry.

Sbahfpcare.
C.ood luck befriend ihee, fon ; for at thy birih
The fairy ladies danc'd upon the hearth. Milton.
The vanouilh'd hies withdraw from every place;
Or, full with feeding, fink into a fleep :
Each houfehold genius (hews again its face,
And from the hearths the little lares creep. Drydtn.
IIe'artily. adv. [itom heartj.l
J. From the heart ; fully.
I bear no malice for my death ;
But tho''e that fought it, 1 could wifh more Chriftians;
Be what they will, I heartily forgive them. Shakejp.

If to be fad is to be wife,
I ilo moft heartily dcfpifc
Whatever Socrates has fald.
Or Tully writ, or Wanly read. Prior.

-2. Sincerely; aftivciy ; diligently; vigo-
roiilly.

H E A

Where hU judgment led him to opfofe rt»<i) on a
publick account, he would do it vigoroufiy and
heartily ; yet the oppofition ended there.

Alleriury.

3. Eagerly; with defire.

As for' my eating heartily of the food, know
that anxiety has hindered my eating 'till this mo-
ment. . Add.fon.

IIea'rtiness. «. /. [Uom hearty.\

1. Sincerity; freedom from hypocrify.
This entertainment may a free face put on ;

Derive a liberty from heariiiufs,

And well become the agent. Sbahe/peart.

2. Vigour; eagernefs.
The anger of an enemy reprefents oar faults, or

admonilhes us of our duly, with moK heartine/s ihit\
the kiiidnds of a friend. Taylor.

He'artless. fl,//. Jfrom h^arl.] WlUl-
out courage; fpiritlefs.

1 joyed oft to chafe the trembling pricket.
Or hunt the heantefs hare 'till (he were tame.

■' Spender.

Then hopelefs, heartlifs 'gan the cunning thief,
Perfuade us die, to (lint all further ftrife.

Fa'iry i}uern.

What, art thou drawn among thefe heartlefi hmds :
Turn thee, Benvolio, look upon thy death.

Sbakefpeare.

Thoufands befides (lood mute and heartlejs there,

Men valiant all ; nor was I us'J to fear. Coiuley.

The peafants were acciiftomcd to payments, and

grew beartlefs as they grew poor. Temple.

Heartlejs they fought, and quitted foon their

ground.

While oui-'s with eafy vi<5ory Were crown'd.

Dryjen.

He'artleSsly. adv. [from heartte/i.]
Without courage; faintly; timidly.

He'artlbssness. ti. /. [from heartlefi.']
Want of courage or fpirit; dejeftion of
mind.

He' arty. adj. [from heart.l

1. Sincere; undiflembled; warm; zealous.

They did not bring that hearty inclination to
peace, which they hoped they would have done.

Clarendon.
But the kind hofts their entertainment grace
With hearty welcome and an open face;
In all they did, you might dilcem with eafe
A willing mind, and a delire to pltafe. Drydtn.

Every man may pretend to any employment,
provided he has been loud and frequent in declaring
himfelf hearty for the government. Hvjiji.

8. In full health. '■

5. \ igorous ; ftfong.

Whofe laughs are hearty, though his jefts are coarfe,
And loves you bell of all things but his horfe. Pi,pe.

4.. Strong; bard; durable.

Oak and the like true hearty timber, being (Irong
in all politions, may be better trulted in crofs and
tranfverfe work. Woiton.

Hf. ARTY-HALE. adj. [heart and hale.]
Good for the heart.

Vein-healing verven, and head-iiurging dill,
Sound favory, and bafil hearty h.Ue. Spenfa:

Heat. «. /. [)5eaz, \)^X, Saxon; heete,
Dani(h.]

The fenfation caufed by die approach or
touch of fire.

Heat is a very brilk agitation of the infenfible parts
of the objeft, which produces in us that fenfation
from whence we denominate the objcil hot; (o
what in our fenfation \%hcat, in the objcfl is nothing
but motion. . ., , ^ , /.u-^y.

The word heat is ufed to fignily the fenUlion we
have when we arc near the tiie, as well as the caufe
of that fenfation, which is in the lire itfelf; and
thence we conclude, that ilieic is a fort of heat in
the fire rcfcmbling ouro.vn lenfaiiou: whcrc:is in
the fire there is,nolhinB but little particles ot matter,
of fuch particular iliapes as are filled to imprcfs
fuch motions »o wir fleUi as wcite the finfe of
heat. . *>">'■

H E A

:. The caufe of the fenfation of burning. -

The fwoid which is made fiery doth not only Clt
by reafon of the (harpncfs which fimply it hjih
but alfo burns by means of that beat which it haih
Irom fire. Huiiktr,

3. Hot weather.
After they came down into Ihe valley, and found

the intolerable heats there, and knew no means
of lighter apparel, they were forced to go naked.

Eaeor.,

M rk well the flow'ring almonds in the wood ;
The glebe will anfwer to the fylvan rcign ;
Great heats will follow, and large crops of grain.

Bryditm

The Pope would not comply with the propofal,
as fearing \\k heats might advance too far before tlicy
had linilliod their work, and produce a pellilence
among the people. AddiJ'.^n.

4. State of any body under the aftion of
the fire.

The heats fmUhs take of their iron arc a blood-
red heat, a white flame heal, and a fpirkhi'.g or
welding heat. Muxin.

5. Fermentation; efTervefcence.

6. One violent adion unintermitted.
The continual agitations of iheipirits muft needs

be a weakening of any coDllituiion, elpccially in age :
and many cauies are required for retVelhment betwixt
the beats. Drvdm.

7. Tl^e ftate of being once hot ; a (Tngle
effort.

I'll rtiike my fortune with him at a beat,
And give him not the leifure to forget. • Drydcn

They the turn'd lines on golden anvils beat.
Which look as if they (truck them at a heat.

' late.

8. A courfe at a raccj between each of
which courfes there is an intermiflion.

Feign'd J«al, you faw, fet out the fpeedier pace ;
But the lall he.tt, plain dealing won the race.

Dryden.

9. Pimples in the fjae; flufli.

It has riifed animofities in their hearts, ano heatt
in their faces, and broke out in their ribbans.

Addif.r..

10. Agitation of fudden or violent paflion ;
vehemence of action.

They feeing what forces were in the city with them,
ilTued againft the tyrant while ihcy were in thisMa;,
before practices might be ufed to dilJ'cvcr them.

Sidney,

The friend hath loft his friend ;
And the bell quarrels, in the heat are curft.
By thofe that leel their (harpnefs. Sbakefp.

It might have pleafed in the beat and hurry of his
rage, but mult have diTpleafed in cool fedaie refl*:-
tion. South.

We have fpilt no blood but on the keatol the bat-
tle, or the chafe. Atterbtiry.

One playing at haiard, drew a huge heap of gold \.
but in the heat of play, never obfervcd a (harper, who
fwept it into his hat. S-u.'ift.

11. Faftion; conteft; party rage.

They are in a moft warlike preparation, and hop*
to come upon tlicm-intheiM/of tlwir divifion.

Shakfpeare.

1 was furry to hear with what partiality and popular
heal elcilions were carried. King Charles.

What can moregratify the Phrygian foe
Than ihofe dlllemperM hralt ■> Dryden,

12. Ardour of thought or elocution.
Plead it to her

With all the llrength and heat of eloquence.
Fraternal love and friendlliip can infpire.

Addifn's Cato.

7b Heat. 1: a. [from the noun.]
I . To make hot; to findue with the power
of burning.

He commanded that they (hould beat tlie furnace
one fevcn times more than it was wont to be l<,ated.

Dan. iii. 19.

z. To caufe to ferment.

Hops lying undried icatt thtm, »nd changes their
coteat. M'rt.mer.

3. To

H E A

3» To make the conftitntion fev«rifl!.

■ Thou art going to I^rJ Timon's fcaft.
~Ay, tofce meat tiU knavo, and wine teat fools.

Whatever mcreafeth the derifily of the blood,
even wuhout increafing iC6--e!cr.ty, ht^!, becaule a
dcnfer body ,s hotter than . rarer/ A,b«,h«.,

^' dGj-e^™ ^"J" vehemence of paffion or

A noble emulation ieart your brejft,
And your own fame now robs yott of your reft.

5. To agitate the blood aiid fpirits with
action. '

contended not lor the gi.t, but for the ho:iour.

made hot and put into a box-iron. to
Imooth and plait linen.
.'^I" '•/• {erica, Latin,]

'V™ M ^^°ri°*^ "=""''=; 'he leaves are
iinall. and abide green aU the year.

In v.— .k Miller.

and rp^etS th^?:,hes "' '^^ -^11'* '" ^''^' '"'"' "•

2. A place overgrown with heath.

S)ay, from whence
You owe this ftrange intelligence; or «hv.
IJpoa .h»blalted hra,t, you rton 'our W *

H«th ai^"';''"",'' ^T""e- -^W- A^«'«««.
terr'anleSlir'' '^ '^^ ^""*' of Suffi^i-

3- ^|^J="^e "vcred with Ihrubs of whatever

wiUfmeirrr''?^"""^"' '"* *""'^' »<■ "f*""/.
wju imell a great way ,„„ ,he fea. ^<,ri

H ATHCOCK.„./. [>>,a,h apd «,i.l A

large fowl that frequents heaths.

bfrd '"^ [*«/Aand^«,/.J ^A

H E A

3-

Which Phaitt or lona yields.
More pleafing morfcl, «ould afTora
I han the ,ai oli.e. of my fields. d,,j,„

VETCH, which fee,

"^^t';"'^'',; "^ f'--"'-' Germ1?;Tht
gentile,; the pagans; the nations una/
quainted w„h the covenant of grace
, Deliver us from the bcMbm thir „-
Uiank, (0 thy holy name. ' "A"' "^y 8>ve

» r^roTx;; tr rt-rX'-l^^bi" i ^^'

U« precepts or cample, of the ancien, i«2!;. '^
He'at,,,^,^^^. (,^^^y pagan, "'''"■^"'■

I- woaid no linger h":;I\:L'':,';:2:!'''-^''>-.

I. Be onging to the Gentiles, ■•

wc^ordatl^'ed T^^L^T '^\' '"" •^--'
ligion. chofen .ty Jere^' srVa"'. *"''''^' ""
rert unfchcoled .u4e.her:'a„^'il',t:n:r ' "'

4. Wfldjfavagc; rapacious; cruel/'"'"-

Tht! Mooft did tread under ieir htaihtiiijb feet,
whatever little tliey found yet there ftanding.

That execrable Cromwell, made a hcathtnUllx
ather inhuman edict againil the epifcopal clergy,
'hjt they ll.ould neither preach, prav in pubiick
bap.,re, juarrv, bury, nor teach fchool.' Sw!h

Heathfnishly, «4'i.. [from heathemjh,\
AJter the manner of heathens.

"^'■^"^''■'''■^- '•■• / [from heaih,n.\

Oentilifm ; p.iganifra.
It fignifiej the acknowledgment of the true God,

•n oppolition to btalUnlfm. Hammond.

Hbathy. adj. [from heaths Full of

heath. -■

tKJi''',/''",''^'""*''"'''^**""'' '»'"« »■»/ with

the *,^Mj, and. Munimcr', Hufiandry.

va HfcAV li. ^. a. pret. />,aT/f</, anciently
I. To litt ; to raife from the ground.

So ftrelch'd out huge in length the arch-fiend lay,
Cham d on the burniiig lake ; nor ever thence
Had ris'n or beav'd hij head, but that the will
And high permidion of all ruling heaven
Lel:thin, at large. _^,y„„

«• I o cany.

Now we bear the king
^"'^''fe'^n'^'^' S'MtTiim there: and there being
Heav, him away upon your winged thoughts
A^wartthefea. shak.fp.

Toraife; tolifr. ^'

So daunted, when the giant fivf the knight,
Hit heavy hand he iCatwi^ up on high.
And him to dull thought to have batter'd quite.

I , Sptnftr.

J cannot btave

^1 h"V^.">: ?°"'k- Shai.ft.

He dy'd m tight; "

Fought next my perfon. as in concert fouehf.
Save when he h,„,<d hi, (hield in mydVtence,
And on hii naked fide reteiv'd my wound.

. To caufe to fwell, '°'^'"-

The groan, of gb«fts, that cleave the earth with
pain,
And btm,< it up : they pant and ftick halfway.

TL I'. , DryJen,

1 he glittering finny fwarms,
That heavt our friths and crowd upon our Ihores.

. To fort^up from the breaft.

Made (}ie no verbal quel* >
-Yen. once or twice (he b.av'Jtht name of father
J amingly torih, as if „ preft her heart. Sbahfp

The wretched animal i.^.Vtorth fuch groans
1 hat theirdifcharge did itretch his leatherncoat
A mod to butfting. Sbah/p. A.jou Jiki !,.

6. To exalt; lo elevate,

Poor (hadow painted queen ;
One beav'J on high, to be hutl'd down below.

7. To puff; to elate. " ^'

The Scots, iw,edup into high hope of viflorv

took the Engliih for Lm bi?d, fXn In'o their'

ne«, forfook their hill, anil marched into the plain.

T,. «■„ . ., , lliovard.

10 tinAVt. rv. ft.

1. To pant; to breathe with pain.

' 1 is fuch as you.
That creep like Ihadow, by him, and do figh
At each his ncedkfs /ar^vVjr ; fuch a. yol
Nourilh the caufe of hi. awaking. ' Sb^i,/i.

fuppf'd" ''"'*''' *''''■"''' *"""" ^* '"'■S^
And fetch'd from far, diftcnj. hit lab'ringfide.

2. To labour. ^ '"'

The church of England had ftruggled and itaz't<f
at a reformation eietlmce Wicklifl'j days.

3. To rife with pain ; to fwell and fall.

Thou haft made my curdled blood run back.
My heart icnt up, my km to rife io bnOics.

Drydfll,

H E A

The wandVing breath was on the wing fo part ;
W eak was the pulfe, and hardly 4«x,vfhe h^arr!

theTLf-*'^ ^^'?' ""y imagination fo mu?h''7s"
the lea 01 ocean : I cannot fee .he he.-,vwg of this
p™d,gio.s bulk of waters, even in a calm, ^ithou- a
very pleafing arton.diment, Ajjif^

Frequent for breath his panting bofom i«w. '

'Tt. , . .. Pn'sri

1 he heaving tide

In widen -d circles beats on either fide. Gav

4- 1 o keck ; to feel a tendency to vomit.

Heave, n.f. [from the verb.]

t. Lift; exertion or effort upwards.

None could guefs whether the next *,aTr of the

or wlir ,r'''"^="'' "''""" "»'fi'« foundation.
or Iwallow them. rj^ j

2. Rifing of the breaft. ^ '"'

There's matter in thefe fighs; thefe profound
You muft trandate; 'tis fit we underftand them.

3. Effort to vomif. """^'^f'

4. Struggle to rife. ^

But alter many ftrains and htavtt.
He got up to his faddle eaves. Huilbrat.

thehw'"^' *'-^' ^" offering among

the threlhing floor N b

HE'AVEN. ^,/. [heopon, which feems'lo*
be derived from heopft, the places over
head, Saxon.]

t. The regions above; the expanfe of the
Iky,

A nation like the herald Mr-rrury,
New hghled on a hravcn kiiTing hill. SbaWp

' "f race in time to come '^

Shall fpread the conqucfts of imperial Rome.
Rome, whofe afcending tow'rs (hall hea-v'n invade.
Involving earth and ocean in her (hade. Dryde,,

„^ .v^'f^t '•l''^" "'"^ P«'P«^')' fof '''^ -"r and
ether than fbr lheA^«-<«j. RMgh': HiJlo,y

Some fires may fall from bea-ven. Tempi,

2. The habitation of God, good angels, and
pure fouls departed.

It is a knell
That fummons thee to heaven, or to hell,

T, ,. , , Shatefp Macbeth.

Thefe, the late
Uea-j't, banilh'd hoft, leftdcfcrt utmolihell.

All . . <• .• . MiltoTt.

All yet left of that revolted rout,

Ijcay'n faH'n, in ftaiion flood, or juft array,

Subnme with expeflation. Milim.

3. The fupreme power; the fovereign of
heaven.

Now hea^^n help him ! Shake/peart,

Thewitl '

And high permilTion of all-ruling betven

Left him at large. !^.t;j,,„_

1 he prophets were t.iught to know the will of

Ood, and thereby inftruil the people, and enabled

to prophefy, as a teftimony of their being fcnt by

Ti . . Temple,

4. 1 he pagan gods ; the celefbals.

'lake ph)(ick, pomp;
Kxpofe Ihjfelftofeel what wretches feci.
That thou may'll Ihake the fuperflux to them,
And (how the heavint more jud. Sbukcff

They can judge as (illy of his worth.
As I can of Ihofe myrterics which heaven
Will not have the world to know. Sl,,ir/i

//«t,'«! what a fpring was in hi. arm toilnow I

How high he held hii (liicld, and rofc at cvVy blow.

- iM • , , ,. . DiyJen.

5. klevation; fubhmity,

f), for a mufc of hre, thai wo^ld afccnd
The brighte«l heaven of inveniion. .S'iai,/>

6. If is ofteti ufcd in conipefition.
6B2 Heavbk.

H E A

HiAVEW-iiGOT. Begot by a celeftial

power.

If I am btini'H-itgol, tffert jrour fon
By feme fute fign. Dryden.

HiAVEN-BoRN. Defcended from ihe ce-
leftial regions ; native of heaven.

If once i fever fires his fulphurouj bWodt
Jn every fit he feels the band of God,
And heav'n-iorn flame. Drydtn's Jmtnal.

Oh heaf'n.bcrn fifters jYource ol art !
Who charm the fenfe, or mend the heart ;
Who lead fair virtue's train along.
Moral truth, and myftick fong ! _ Pofe.

Heaven-bred. Produced or cultivated in

heaven.
Much is the force of fcdt/»-i«</poefy. Shaiejp.

Heaven-built. Built by the ageacy of
gods.

His arms had ivrought the deftin'd fall
Ol facrcd Troy, andrai'd her btav'n-tuitt wall.

' Pofi.

Heaven-duiected.

1. Raifed towards the iky.

Who taught that hetn/'n-dirtCled fpit« to rife ?

^ Pcff.

2, Taught by the powers of heaven.

O facred weapon ; left for truth's dcfencr;
To all but biavcH-direClcd hands dcny'd ,
The mufe may give it, but the gods muft guide.

ropt.

Heavenltc. adj. [from Amws.]

1. Refembling heaven; fupremely excellent.

As the love of heaven makes one hiavtnly, the
love of virtue virtuous, fo doth the love of the
world, make one become worldly. Sidney.

Not Maro's mufe, who fung the mighty man ;
Nor Pindar's bca-v'nly lyre,.nor Horace when a fwan.

Drydoi.

2. Celeftial; inhabiting heaven.

Adoring hrft the genius of the place,
Then earth,, the mother of the beav'nly race.

Dryitn.

Heavenly, adv.

1 . In a manner refembling that of heaven.

In thefe deep folitudes and awful cells,
Where heav' nly ftn(\m contemplation dwells,
And ever-mufing melancholy reigns,
What means tJiit tumult in a vellal's veins ?

Pofe.

2, By the agency or influence of heaven.

Truth and peace and love (ball ever fliine
About the fuprtroe throne
Of him, t'whofe happy-muking fight alone.
Our hfavn'ty guided foul fhall climb. Miltcn.

Heavenward, ad-v. [heavctt and peapb,
Saxon.] Towards heaven.

1 proftrate lay.
By various doubts impell'd,.or to obey.
Or toobje^ ;. at length, my mournful look
Hrav'nvjid ereQ, delermin'd, thus I fpoke.

Pritr.
He'avily. ad-v. [from heavy.'\

1 . With great ponderoufnefs.

2. Grievoufly ; afBi(ftively.

Eafc muft be impra^icablc to the envious;. 'hey
lie under a dnuble misfortune; common calamities
and common blefTings fall heavily upon them.

CcUier.

3. Sorrowfully ; with grief.

1 came hither to tranfport the tydingt,
' Which 1 h-jve A/'flW/jt borne. Shakefptari,

This O'Ncil took very hrai'ily becaufc his con-
dition in the army was lefa plcafanl to him.

Clartndtti.

4. With an air of dejeflion.

Why looks your grace f«i heavily to-day ?
— O, I have pad a mifcKible night. Sbakeff,

Ht'AVIKESS. »./. [from beanjy.l
I. Ponderoufnefs; the quality of being
heavy ; weight.

The fubjeft is concerning the hea'viitrfi of fc-
Ttra) bodies, or the profoiiioo liiat li leijuircd be-

H E A

twitt ant weight aodthe power which may move

2. Dejeftion of mind ; depreffion of fpirit.

We are, at the hearing ol foroe, more inclined
unto forrow and heavintjs ; of fome more mollified,
and foficned in mind. Honker.

Againftill chances men are ever m;rry;
But heavinefs foreruns the good event. Sbakefp.

Let us not burthen our remembrance with
An heavint/i that's gone. Shakefp.

Hea-uintjt in the heart of man maketh it ftoop ;
but a good word maketh it glad. Prni. jii. 15.

Ye greatly rejoice ; though now for a feafon ye
are in heavinejs, through manifold temptations.

I Pel. i. 6.

3. Inaptitude to motion or thought ; flug-
gilhnefs ; torpidnefs; dulnefs of fpirit;
languidnefs ; languor.

Our ftrength is all gone mtoheaviiafs.
That makes the weight. Shakefp.

What means this heavinefs that hangs upon me f
This lethargy that creeps through all my fenfes.

Addijon.

He would not violate thatfweet recefs,
And found bcfidos a welcome beavineft.
Which feiz'd his eyes. , Dryden.

A fenfation of droulinefs, oppredion, hesvijtefs,
and lalBtude, are figns of a too plentiful meal.

Arbutbnot

4. Oppreflion ; crufh ; affliftion ; as, the

hearvinej's of taxes.

5. Deepnefs orrichnefs of foil.

As Alexandria exported many commodities, fo it
received fame, whicn, by leafon of the fatnefs and
heavinejs of the ground, Egypt did not produce ;
fuch as metals, wood, and pitch. Arbutbnot,

HE'AVY. adj. [heapij, Saxon.]

1 . Weighty ; ponderous ; tending ftrongly
to the centre ; contrary to light.

Merfennus tells us, that a little child, with an
engine of an hundred double pulleys, might move
this earth, though it were much heavier than it is.

mikim.

2. Sorrowful ; dejefled; deprefled.

Let me not be light ,
Tor a light wife doth make a heavy hufband.

Sbakefpeare.

3. Grievous; oppreflive; affliftive.

Menelaus bore an heavy hand over the citizens,
having a malicious mind, 2 Mae. v. 23.

Let not your ears defpife my tongue for ever.
Which Ihall poffefs them with the heavitji found
That ever yet they heard. Hbakefpeare't Maeiellt.

\i the caufe be not good, the king himfelf hath a
heavy reckoning to make. Shake/peare*s Henry V.

Pray for this good man, and for his ifluc,
Whole heavy hand hath bow'd you to the grave.
And beggar'dyout's for ever. Sbakejfeart.

Chartres, at the levee.
Tells with a fneer the tydings heavy. Sviifi.

4.. Wanting alacrity j wanting brilknefs of
appearance.

My heavy eyes, you fay, confeft
A heart to love and grief inclined. Prior.

j. Wanting fpirit or rapidity of fentiment .
unani mated.

A work was to be done, a heavy writer to be en-
couraged, and accordingly many thoufand copies were
befpoke.. Sv'iJ).

6. Wanting aftivity ; indolent ; lazy.

Fair, tall, his limbs with due pj»portion join'd ;
But oil heavy, dull, degeneraie mind. Jjryden.

7. Droufy ; dull; torpid.

Peter and they that were with him were heavy
with deep. Luke.

8. Slow ; fluggifh.

But let ihy fpiders that fuck up ihy venom.
And heavy, gaited toads lie in their way. Shakefp,
g. Stupid ; foolilh.

This bea^y he,ided revel, Eaft and Weft
Makes us traduc'd, and tai'd of other nations.

Sbakefpeare.

I would not be accounted fo bafe minded, or

ie«vy headed, that 1 wiil csofcls ihai any of ihem

H E A

ii for tilour, power, or fortuoe better than my^-
felf. Kntliet.

10. Burdenfome; troublefome; tedious.

I put into thy hands what has been the diverfion
of fome of my idle and heavy hours. Luke.

When alone, your time will not lie b4avy upon
your hands for want of fame trifling amufement.

Sxvift,

11. Loaded; incumbered; burthened.

Hearing that there were forces coming againft
him, and not willing that they Ihould find his men
heavy and laden with booty, he returned unto Scot-
land. Bacon' I Henry WW.

12. Noteafily digefted;. not light to the
ftomach.

Such preparations as retain the oil or fat, are-
molt heavy to the liomach, which makes baked
meat hard of digeftion. Arliurbnor,

1 3 . Rich in foil ; fertile ; as, hea^y lands.

14. Deep ; cumlierfome; as, hea^jf roads.
Hea'vv. ad<v. A» an adverb it is only

ufed in compofition ; heavily.

Your carriages were heavy laden j they are a bur-
den to the weary bead Ifa. llvi. i
Come unto me all ye that labour aisd are heavy
laden, and 1 will give you reft. Maih. xi. 28.
HE'BDOM.'^D. n. /. [heidomat, Latin.J
A week ; a fpace of feven days.

Computing by the medical month, the fird hei-

domad or feptenary conflfts of fix days, fcventeen

hours and a half. Brozun.

Hebdo'madal. 7 a^'. [from hebdomas,

Hebuo'madary. J Latin.] Weekly;

conCfting of feven days.

As for hebdomadal periods, or weeks in regard of
their fabbaths, they were obfcrved by the Hebrews.

Brown.

To HE'BETATE. t. o. [hebeto, Latin-
hebeter, French.] To dull; to blunt ; to
ftupify.

The eye, efpecially i[ hebetated, might caufe the
fame perception. Harvey.

Beef nay confer a robudnefs on the limbs of my
fon, but will hebetate and clog his intellectuals.

Arbutbnot and Pope%

Hebeta'tion. n.f. [from hebetate.'\

1 . The aft of dulling.

2. The ftate of being dulled.

He'b ETUDE, n. f. \hebetudo Latin,] Dul-
nefs; obtufenefs; bluntnefs.

The peftilcnt fcminaries, according to their

groffncfs or fubtility, aflivity, or hebetude, caufe

more or lefs truculent plagues. Harvey.

He'braism. ». / [hebrai/me, French; it-

braijmut, Latin,] A Hebrew idiom.

Milton has infufed a great many Latinifmi, u
well as Graecifms, and fometimcs Hebraifms, into
his poem. Sfe3ator,

He'braist. ». /. [Mriras, Latin.] A

man (killed in Hebrew..
He'brician, »,/. [(torn Hebrrw.'] One
flcilful in Hebrew.

The words are more properly taken for the air or

ether than the heavens, as the beft Hebricians un-

dcrftand them. Raleigh.

The nature •f the Hebrew verfe, as the meaneft

Heiriiian knoweth, couiids of uneven feei.

Peacbam.
He'catomb. n. f. \hecatcmbe, French;
tx<(ro|u,/3ii.] A iacriBce of an hundred
cattle.

In rich mens homes
I bid kill fome beatts; but no hecatombs;.
None ftarve, none furfeit fo. Donm,

One of thefe three is a vhaW hecatomb.
And therefore only one of them Ihall die. Dryden.

Her triumphant fons in war fucceed,
And ilaughtei'd beeaiombt around 'em bleed.

Addifan.

Hb'ctica-l, ) adj. [htSlaue, i'rench.

He'ctick,

[from «'!«. j

Had-

H E D

I, Habitual; conftitotional.

This word is joined only to that kind of fever
which i< flow and continual, and ending in a con-
fumption, is the contrary to thofe fevers which arife
fejm a plethora, or too great fullnefs from obf^ruc-
tion. It is attended with toolax a ftate of theejcre-
tory paflages, and generMly thofe of the (kin ;
whereby fo much runs off as leaves not refinance
enough in the contradile velfels to keep them fuf-
ficicntly diftended, fo that they vibrate ot'tenetr
a^tate the 6uids the more, and keep them thin and
hot. Sluixcy.

A btahk fever hath got hold
Of the whole fubilance not to be controul'd. '

DnitMe.
t. Troubled with a morbid heat.

No HrUick ftudentfcars the gentle msid. Tajlcr.

He'ctick.w./ An heftick fever.

Like the beclick in my bkx>d he rages.
And thou muft cure me. Sbaktf p. Hamlet.

He'ctor »./. [from the name oi Hecior,
the great Homeric warnour.] A bully ;
a bluftering, turbulent, pervicacious
noify fellow.

Thofe ufurping btQort, who pretend to honour
without religion, think the thargcof a lye a blot not
to be walhed out but by blood. South.

We'll take one co-Dling cup of neflar.
And drink to this cclcttial be&or. Pri^r,

7» He'ctor. -v. a. [from the noun.] To
threaten ; to treat with infolent authori-
tative terms.

They reckon they muft part with honour toge-
ther with their opinion, if they fufler ihemfelves to
bei«3orei/outof it. Govfrr.meni of tht Tcrrgite.

The weak low fpirit Fortune makes her flave ;
But (he'f a drudge, when beaor'd by the brave.

D'ydm.
An honeft man, when he came home at night,
found another fellow domineering in hu family, iec.
icrin^ hii fervants, and calling for fupper.

Arhrnhnol'i llifiory ofjohn Bull.

To He'ctor. ». ». To play the bully; to
blnfter.

They have attacked me, fome with piteous moans
and outcries, others grinning and only Dicwing their
teeth, others ranting and incfiring, others fcolding
and reviling. StUliTigJleet.

One would think the ttHoring, the flormiog, the
fullen, and all the diSereot fpecies of the angry,
Ihould be cured. Sf{{2.

Don Carlos made her chief direflor.

That llie might o'er the fervants htni,r. ■. Svtft.

Hedira'ceoi;s. adj. [hedtrtteus, Lat.]

Producing ivy. liia.

HEDGE, u.f. [hejie, Saxon.] A fence

made round grounds with prickly bufhes,

orwovfn twig*.

It ii a good wood for fire, .if kept dry ; and is
wry ufeful for lUkes in hedgti. Moriiimr.

The gardens unfold variety of colours to the eye
r»ery morning, and ihciejgrt breath is beyond all
perfnir.e. p^,.

Through the verdant matt
Of fweri-briar irJget I purliie my walk. Thom/tn.

HfDGE, prefixed to any word, notes fome-
thing mean, rile, ofthe lowcft clafs: per-
haps from a hedge, or hedge born man, a
man without any known place of birth.

There are five in the firft (hew : the pedant, the
braggart, tixhtjge.pritfi, the fool, and the boy.

Skakrfpiart.

The clergy do much better than a little hedge,

conumptible, illiterate vicar can be prefumed to do.

a-wifi.

A perfon, who, by hit ftyle and literature, fceras

fo have been the corre^or of a htdgt-freji in Little

Britain, proceeded gradually to an author. Siiift.

To Hedge, -v. a. [from the noun.]

J, To iiiclofe with a hedge, or .lence of

wood dry or growing.

Hedge thy polTefTion about with thorns. Bechf

Thrfe alleys muftbe hedged a( bechcsdi, to keep

oat the wind. Uaetn,

HE D

2. Toobftruft,

1 will hedge up thy vray wtth thomj. liaf. ii. 6.

J. To incircle for defence.

England, hedg'd in with the main.
That water-walled bulwark, ftill fecure
And confident from foreign purpofes. ShateJ^.

There's fuch divinity doth hedge a kin^,
That treafon can but peep to what it wou!d.

Shakefpeare.

4. To ffiut up within an inclofure.

It mull not be paid and exported in ready money ;
fofays outlaw; but that is a law to hedge in the
cuckow, »p.d ferves for no purpofe; for if we export
not goods, for which our merchants have money due
to them, how can it be paid by bills of exchange.

Loch,.

5. To force into a place already full. This
feems to be miftaken for edge. To edge
/>, is to put in by the way that requires
leaft room ; but hedge may fignify to
thruft in with difficulty, as latoahedge.

You forget yourfelf
To hedge mein. Sbakejp. yuliut Cr/ar.

When I was lia(ly,fhou delayd'ft me longer :
I pr'ythee, let me hedge one moment more
Into thy promilei lor thy life prefcrv'd. Diyd.

. When you are feat on an errand, he. ftn:e to hedge
in fome bufinefs of your own. Sxvifi.

ToUt.nGz.v. ft. To Ihift; to hide the
head.

I myfclf fometimes hiding mine honour in my
occetfity, am fain to Ibuffle, to bedgr, and to lurch.

Sbakejprare.

H B D (TE - BO R w. adj. {hedge and born. J Of
no known birth ; meanly born.

He then, that is not furnilh'd in this fort.
Doth but afurpthe facred name of knight.
And (fiould, if I were worthy to be judge.
Be ijdite degraded, like a hedge-barn fwain.
That doth prefumc to boaftot gentle blood. Sbak,
Hedge creeper. »./. \_hedge zri^creep."]
One that Ikulkj uader hedges for bad
purpofes.
HEDCE-FUMlTORy.»./. A plant ; /«/ff/7-
riaftfiam. AinJ-vaortb.

Hedgi-hoo, n. /. [hedge and hog; eri-

7taceus.'\
I. An animal fet with prickles, like thorns
in an hedge.

Like hedge-bogt, which
Lie tumbling in my bare-tVwt way, and mount
Their pricks at my foot-fall. Shaktjf. TemprJI.

Kew have belief to fwaliow, or hope enough to
eiperience, the eollyrium of Albertus ; that is to
nake onefcein the dark : yet thus much, according
ui;to his recerj>i, will the right eye of an hedge-hog,
boiled in oil, and prcfervcd in a brazen vefTcl, effect.
Brcvjx's Vulgar Erroiirs.

The hedge.bog hath his backfide and flanks thick
fet with Itrong and (harp prickles ; and befides, by
the helpof amufcle, can contraft himfelfintoa glo-
bular figure, and fo withdraw his whole underpart,
head, belly and legs, within his thicket of prickles.

Ray.

'2. A term of reproach.

Did'll thou not kill this king }

1 grant ye.

Do'ft grant me, hedgehog t Shakefp.

3. A plant; trefoil; medtca echinata.

Ainjiaorth.

4. The globe fiOl ; orbi$ echinatus. Ainjhjj.
Hedce-hyssop. «. /, \hedge and j&j/«/.]

A fpecies of willowwort ; gratiolet.

Hedge.hyjfop is a purging medicine, and a very
tough one : eiiemally it iifaid to be a vulnerary.

HiW, Mat. Medica.

Hedge. MUSTARD, n./. A plant.
Hedge-nettle, n,/. A plant ; galeofjra.

Ainfrworth.
Hbdce-kote. »./ \hedgevcid. note.] A
word of contempt for low-wiiting. J

H E E

When they began to be fomewhat better bred,
they left their hedge-notei for another fort of poem,
which was alfo fall of pleafant raillery. Dryd.

Hedge-pig. «. / [hedge za^ fig.l A
young hedge-hog.

Thrice the brinded cat hath mew'd.
Thrice and once the hedge-pig whin'd. Shakrff.:
Hedge-row. v. / [hedge and n-w.] The
feries of trees or bulhes planted for in-
clofures.

Sometime walking notunfeen
By bedge-roiv elms, on hillocks green. MUion.

The tields in the northern fide are divided by
hedge-rotvs oi mytAt. Berkley 10 Fopt.

Hedge-sparrow. »./ [hedge vcvi. fpar-
row ; curruca.] A fparrow tfet Ifvcs
in budies, diftinguifhed from a fparrow
that builds in thatch.

The bedge-fparroiu fed the cuck*o fo long.
That it had its head bit oft'by its young. Sidney.
HE'DGiNC-Bii,L.«.y: [hedge and bill.] A
cutting hook ufed in making hedges.

Comes mailer D.imetas with a hedging-bill in
his hand, chaffing and fwearing. Shakefp.

He'dger. n. J. [from hedge.] One who
naakes hedges.

The labour'd or
In his loofe traces from the furrow came
And the UtXnVihedger at his fupper fat. Milim,
He would be laughed at, that Ihould go about to
make a fine dancer out of a country hedter at palt
«'y- * like.

To HEED. -v.. et. [heban, Saxon.] To
mind ; to regard ; to take notice of; to
attend.

With pleafure Argus the mufician heeds j
But wonders much at thofe new vocal reeds. DryJ.
He will no more have clear ideas of all theoperaT
tions ofhis,mind,than he will have all the particular
ideas of any landfcape or clock, who will not turn his
eyes to it and with attention heed all the parts of it.

i-»eie.

Heed, a.y, [from the verb.]

1. Care; attention.

With wanton i«^ and giddy cunning,
The melting voice through mares running. Mileon.

Take heed thit, in their tender years, ideas, that
have no natural cohefion, come not to be united in^
their heads. L,cke.

Thou muft take heed, my Portiuj j
The world has all its eyes on Cato's fon. Addifon.t

2. Caution; fearful attciition ; fufpicioijr
watch. ,

Either wife bearing or ignorant carriage is caught

as men catch difeafes, one of another i therefore,

let men take heed of their company. Shakefpearei

Take heed \ have open eye j for thieves do foot

by night :

Take heed ere Summer comes, or cuckoo bird*

affri ht. Shakefp. Merry IVivei 0/ fVindfar.

3. Care to jvoid. ,

We Ihould take Ixed ofthe oegleil or contempt of
of his worlhip. lillotfn.

4. Notice; obfervation.

Speech muft come by hearing and learning j and
birds give mote heed, and mark words more thjn
bealts. Bacon.

5. Serioufnefs; ftaidnefs. )

He did unfeal them j and tlie firft he view'd.
He did it with a ferious mind ; a heed
Was in his countenance. Shakefp,

6. Regard ,• rcfpedful notice,

I; is a way of calling a man a fool, when no hied
is given to what he fays, L'EJlrange.

He'edf ui.. adj. [from heed.]

1. Watchful; fufpicioQs ; vigilant.

Give him heedful note ;
For I mine eyes will rivet to his face ;
And, after, we will both our judgments join.
In cenfureof his feeming. Shahfp. Hamlet.

2. Attentive; careful; obferving : with 5^.

1 am commanded
To tell the f aliiwj of »iy fovertign'i Jjejrt.

Wbtw

,H E E

WUft fime, late en'tring at his betJfal tit:,
llallipUc'd thy beauty's image and thy virtue.

SMe/fcare.

To him one of the other twins was bounJ,

Wliilft 1 had been like i«^«/of the othtr.

Sbai*/feart.
Thou, A-ff^x/ of advice, fccoreproceed ;
My praife the precept is, be iliine the deed. /'«/".
He'edfully. aii'-j. [from heedful.'] At-
tentively ; carefully ; cautioufly.

Let the learner maintain an honourable opinion

of his inlhuaor, and hiej/ully liften to his inftruc-

tfoiis, as one willing to be led. ' Hani,

He'edkulness. «./. [from ^tr,^/.] ' C»u-

tion ; vigilance ; attention.
He'eoilt. adv. Cautioufly ; vigilantly.

Dicf.
He'bdiness. «. /. Caution ; vigilance.

£)/V?.
He'edless. aJj. [from tee^.] Negligent;
inattentive; carelefs ; thoughtlefs; re-
gardlefs ; unobferving : with of.

The heedlffs lover does nut know
Whofe eyes they are thatwound him fo. Walter.

Hredlr/t of\aic, and hopclcfs of the crown, " "
Scarce halt a wit^ and more than half a clown.

. Drydtn-
Some ideas which have more than once olfercd
themrelves to the fenfes, have yet been little taken
nouce of; the mind being either hcidlrfi as in chil-
dren, or otherwife employed, as in men .

, Locke.
Surprifes ar« often fatal to beedlefs unguarded, in-
nocence. , , Sherhck.

He'edlessly. ad-v. \ixovRheeMefs.'\ Care-
lefsly ; negligently ; inattentively.

Whilll ye difchargc the duties of matrimony, ye
beedleph »ide into fin. Arbuihnol and Pofe.

He'fdl'essness. «. /. [from heedlefs.']
Careleffnefs ; thoughtleflhefs ; negli-
gence ; inattention.

In the little harms they fuffer from knocks and
falls, they (hould not be pitied, but bid do fo again ;
which is a better way to cute iheii beedUfmift.

L»cke.

HEEL. »./. [)3ele. Saxon.]
I, The part of the foot that protuberates
behind.

If the luxated bone lie diftorled backward, it
lieth over the hui bone. _ iVifcman'i Surgery.

i. The whole foot of animals.

The (lag recals his ftaeugth, his fpced.
His Hinged heels, and tTien his armed head ;
With thefe t' avoid, with thathis fate to meet ;'
Hut fear prevails, and bids him truft his feet.

Drnham,

Pegafus appeared hanging off the fide of a rock,
with a fountain ninning from his tcel. Addlfon.

3. The feet, as empkiyeJ in flight.

Nothing is commoner, in times of danger, thsn
for men to leave their mafters to bears ami tygers,
and (hew them a fair pair of heels for't. L' EJlr.trtge.

4. To be at the Heels. To purfue clofely ;
to follow hard.

Sir, when comes your book forth ?
— Upon the heeli of my prefeniment. Sbak,ff.

But is there no fequel at the heels of this mother's
admiration > Sbakeff. llamtet.

5. To attend clofely.

Could we break cur way
By force, and at our brels all hell (hould rif«
With blackelV infurreflion, to confeuud
lleav'n's pureftlight. Millon.

6. To purfue as an enemy.

The Spaniards fled on toward: the North to feck
«heir fortunes, being ftill chafed by the Englifh navy
ai their heels, until they were fain to give them over
for want of powder. Bacon.

Want ! hungry want ! that hungry meagre hend.
Is at my hecU, and chaccs me in view. Ulivay.

•7. To follow clofe as a depend.int.
Through proud London he came fighingon.
After th" admired heels o{ BolJngbioke. Hhakeff.

. H E I

8. To lay ly the Heels. To fetter; to
(hackle : to put into gyves.

If the king blame me for'i, I'll hy ye all
By th' heels, and fuddenly 1 and on your heads
Clap round fines for negleft. Hhahff.

■One half of man, his mind,
Is, /»/ytrr/], unconfin'd,

, And cannot be/j;V(5)' (if i«.''. liudiimf.

I 1 began to fmoke that they were a parcel of mum-
mers ; and wondered that none of the Middlefex

■ iuftices took core to luv fome of them ij the heels.
' - 1"- •. - Addijm.

9. Any thing (haped like a heel.

At the other fide ii a kind of Af /■/ or knob, to
' break clots with. MoriiiKefs Hujhandry.

10. The back part of a flocking : whence
the phrafc to be out at heels, to be worn
out.

A good man's fortune jnay grow i>i4tat heels.
* Shakc/fcare.

To Heel. f. n. [from the nonn.]
I. To dance.

I cannot fing,
, Nor /See/ the high lavolt, nor fweeten talk.
' Shakrffeare.

i. To lean on one fide ; as, the (hip heels.
To H E e l. n.'. a. To arm a cock.
Hee'ler. ?!. /. [from heeL'\ A cock that

ftrikes well with his heels.
He'el-piece. w. /. [heel in^ piece. '\ A

piece fixed on the hinder part of the Ihoe,

to fupply what is worn away.
7a H e K L-P I e c E . oi. flr. [htel and fiiece.1 To

put a piece of leather on a (hoe heel.
Some blamed Mrs. Bull' for new hecl-fieciitg ^er

flioes. ■^'■*'

htFT. »./. [from heave.]

1. Heaving ; effort.

May be in the cup
A fpiJer fteep'd, and one may drink, depart,
And yet partake no venom ; tor his knowledge
Is notinfedlcd : but iloneprefent
Th' abhorr'd ingredient to his eye, make kno^vn
How he hath drunk, he cracks his gorge, his fides
With violent hrfis. Shakefp. Pfiatcr'iTale.

2. [Vor hafi.) Handle.

His oily fide devours both blade and he/t.

H E I

Tnto_what pit ihoufeeft.
From what height fall'n I

An amphitlieaire's amaiing befgot
■ •• -Jcl '

Mil;*if.

frailer.

He'gira. »./. [Arabick.] Aterminchro-
nology, fignifying the epocha, or ac-
count of time, ufed by the Arabians and
Turks, who begin their computation
from the day that Mahomet was forced to
make his efcape from the city of Mecca,
which happened on Friday, J'lly 16.
A. D. 622, under the reign of the em-
peror Heraclius. Harris.
HEi'FERa./. [heapone Saxon.] A young
cow*.

Who finds the heifer dead and bleeding {refli,
And fees faft by a butcher with an axe.
But will fufpeil 'twas he that made the flaughlcr ?

Shakefp.

Ahe{fervi\\\ put up her node, and fnuffin the air,
againrt the rain. Bacon.

For her the flocks refufe their verdant food,
Nor thirlVy beifers leek the gliding flood. PoJ>e.

Heigh ho. in/erj.

1. An expieffion of flight langour and un-
eafinefs.

Ilclgh ho ! an't be not four by the day, I'll be
hang' J. •^*''*-

2. It is ufed by Diyden, contrarily to cuf-
tom, as a voice of exultation.

We'll tofs odour ale 'till we cannot ftand.
And beigb-bo for the honour of Old England.

Dryd.

Height. »./. [from Z!/;^/^.]

I , Elevation Jibove the grtTund ; fnJ«iinite.

Bcre fills the eye wjth terror and delight. Addlfeit.

2. Altitude ; definite fpacc racafured up-
wards.

Abroad I 'II Rudy thee,
As he removes far off, that great heights takes.

Donne.
There is in Ticinium a church that is in length
one hundred feet, in breadth t^x nty, and in teight
near fifty. Bucm,

An amphitheatre appear'd,
; Rais'd in degrees, to fitly paces fcar'd ;
' That »v!icn a man was plac'd in one degree,
Height was allow'd for b«m abovie to fee. Drydeit, ■

3. Degree of latitude. Latitudes are higher
as they approach the pole.

Guinea lieth to the North fea, in the fame height
as Peru to the South. Aibtt.

4. Summit ; afcent ; towering eminence ;
high place.

From Alpine heigits the father firft defcends ;
His daughter's hulband in the plain attends.

Dryd. Mh. ■

5 . Elevation of rank ; ftation of dignity ;
great degree of excellence.

By him that rais'd me to this careful height.
From that contented hap which I cnjoy'd. Sbaf^

Ten kingshad from the Norman conqu'ror reign d.
When EngLind to her.greateft beigtt attain'd.
Of pow'r, dominion, glory, wealth, and ftate.

Daniel.

Every man of learning need not enter into their
ditHculties, nor climb the tiigbis to which fome
others have arrived. _ Hans..

6. The utmoft degree ; full completion.

rutrefaflion doth notriie to itshtighi at once.

Bactn,
Did not (he
Of Timna firll betray me, and reveal
The fecrct, wrefted from me in the height
Ot nuptial love profefs'd ? Miltut,

; Hide me from the face

Of God, whom to behold was then my height
Of happinefs ! Milton.

Delpair is the height of madnefs. Sherlock.

7. Utmoft exertion.

Come on, fir j I (hall now put you to the height
of your breeding. Shakefp.

8. State of excellence ; adv^pce towards
perfeftion.

Sociai duties are carried to greater heights, and
enforced with ftronger motives, by the principle! of
our religion. Addifcn.

To He'ighten. -v.a. [from Ixight.]

1 . To raife higher.

2. To improve ; to meliorate.

3. To aggravate.

Foreign llatcs ufed thelrendeavours to heighten our
confufions, ani plunge us into all the evils of a civil
war. Addifon.

1. To improve by decorations.

As in a room, contrived for llate, the height of
the roof l>iould bear a proportion to the area ; fo in
the heigbtenings of poetry, the (Irength end vehe.
mence of figures (hould be fuited to the oocalion.

Dryden..

HE'INOUS. aJj. [hahieiiy, French, froi*
h/ine, hate ; or from the Teutonick, hooa,
(hame.] Atrocious; wicked in a high
degree.

'I'o abrogate or innovate the gofpel of Chrill, if
men or aiigcls fhoulj attempt, it were moH htintut
and accurfed faciilege. Hooker.

This is the man fhould do the bloody deed :
The image of a wicked hehious fault
Lives in his eye. Shakefp.

As it is a moft heinous, fo it is a mod dangrioits
impiety to dcfpife him that can dcftroy us. Tiikfon.

Hb'inously. civ. {itomheiiiou!.'] Atro-
cioully; wickedly.

He'ikous-

H E L

He'is'otjsness. «./. [{rom I'eidotti.'], Atro-
cioufnefs ; wickednefs.

He who can treat oft'cnces, provoking God, as
jefts and trifles, muft have little fcnfc of (he heinoiif.
ncjs of them. Rogiri.

Heir. w. /. [heire, '•Id French; h<eres,
Latin.]

1. One that is inheritor of any thing after
the prefent poffeflbr.

An bdr fignifiej the eldeft, who h, by the laws
of England, to have all his father's land. Locke.

What lady is that?
The teir of Alanfon, Rofaline her natne. Sbakeff.

That I'll give my voice on Richard's fiJe,
To bar my mafter's heht in true defcent,
God knows I will not do it. SbaifJ^iare.

Being hihs together of the grace of life.

• I Ptt.'M. 7.

Sunk is the hero, and his glory loft.

And I his heir in mifery alone; Pope.

The heirt to titles and larje eftates have a wsak-

nefs in their eyes, and a tcndcrnefs in their conftitu-

lions. S'j.'i/r.

2, One newly inheriting ati eftate.

The young extravagant heir hij gota new Reward,
and was rcfotvcd to loilc into his eftate. Swift.

Te Heir. it. a. [from the noun.] To in-
herit.
His fon in blooming youth was fnatch'd by fate.

One only daughter heir'd the royal Itate. Drjden.

He'iress, »./ [fronn&«>.] An inheritrix ;
a woman th.it inherits.

An iii-efi (lie, while yet alive ;
All that was her's to him did give. ffaller.

^neas, though he married the belreft of the
crown, yet claimed no title to it during the life of
his father-in-law. Dryden.

He'irless. <7i^". [frora^c/r.] Without an
heir; wanting one to inheiit after him.

I ftill think of
The wrong I did myfelf ; which was fo much,
1'hat heirlift it hath made my kingdom. Shakefp.

He'irshtp. v./. [^from *«>.] The ftate,
charafter, or privileges of an heir.

A layman appointi an heir or an executor in his
niil, to build an hofpital within a year, under pain
of being deprived o(h\^ leirjhip. AjUfft' t Parergon,

Heirloom, n.f. [A«> and jeloma, goods,
Saxon.] Any furniture or moveable de-
creed to defcend by inheritance, and there-
fore infeparable from the freehold.

Achilles' fceptrc was of wo«d,
Tranfmiited to the Iiero's line;
Thence through a long defcent of king!
Came an Lrirlmm, as Homer fings. Sviifi.

Held. The preterite and part. paff. of

A rich man beginning to fall, \iktld up of friends.

EccUf.

If Minerva had not appeared and i</</ his hand,

he had executed his delign. Dryden.

HELIACAL, adj. \hdiaque, French, from

JiAi®-.] Emerging from the laftreof the

fuq, or falling into it.

HlJ'Srficy afi-ribed the heat ofthefeafon to this
ft.ir,.ih<y would not have compittcd from its heliacal
• ttctia. Brrwii.

HE'tiACAtLY. adv. [from Ixliaea/.]

From the rifing of this ftar, not cofmically, that
is, with the fan, but helijcjUy, that is, at its emer-
fijn from the rays of the lun, the ancients com-
pjtelthlir canicular days. Bimn.

He li lempefluous in the Summer, when he rifcs
htlncJijs and rainy in the Winter, when he rifes
a-:,roiiiCJlfy. , Dry.icn.

He'licai.. adv. \htlice, French, from i'>.i|. J
Spiral ; with many circumvolutions.

TheJcrrt* is a kind of wcdjp, muUiplie 1 or con-
fi-i cj Vy 1 hr'.'ca! re»olution abdut a cylinder, rc-
( ,ot fifcin any ftrokc, but ffom a

V •!. , fVitkim.

H E L

He'liod Tarnhola, in mathematick«. or the
parabolick fpiral, is a curve which arifes
from the fuppofition of the axis of the
common Apollonian parabola's being bent
round into the periphery of a circle, and
is a line then pafling through the extre-
mities of the ordinates, which do now
converge towards the centre of the faid
circle. Harris.

HeLioce'ntrick. adj. \heliocentriiue. It.
I)Ai®- and xfrTf«r.]

Tht heliocinK ick place of a planet is faid to be
fuch as it would appear to us from the fun, if our eye
were fixed in its centre. Harris.

He'lioscope. »./. [heliofcope, Fr. liAi®- and
o-K«T««.] A fort of telefcope fitted fo-as
to look on the body of the fun, withoi;t
offence to the eyes. _ Harris.

He'l lOTROP E. n.f. [iiAi^ and tjsVw ; helio-
trope, French; Ixliotropium, Latin.] A
plant that turns towards the fun ; but
more particularly the turnfol, or fun-
flower.

'Tis an obl^rvation of flatterers, that they are like
the beliotrof>e\ they opec only towards the fun, but
Ihut and contradl themfclves at night, and in cloudy
weather. Government of the tongue.

He'lispherical. adj. [helix znAfpbere: ]
'I'he beliffhericn! line is tUe rhomb line in navi-
gation, and is fo called becaufe on the globe it winds
round the pole fpirally, and dill comes nearer and
nearer to it, but cannot terminate in it. Harris.

HE'LIX. n.f. [kelice. French; i'^^] Part
of a fpiral line; a circumvolution.

Find the true inclination of the fcrew, together
with the quantity of water which every belix does
contain. PyHkim.

HELL, n.f [helle, Saxon.]

1 . 'I'he place of the devil and wicked fouls.

For it is a knell
That fummonj thee to heaven or to hell. Shakefp.
If a man were a porter of hell^Mn, he (hould
have old turning the key. Shakefp. Macttih.

Let none admire
That riches grow in belli that foil may beft
Deferve the precious bane, Milton.

Hell's black tyrant trembled to behold
The glorious light he forfeited of old. Coviley.

2. The place of feparate fouls, whether
good or batL

I will go down to my fon mourning to bell. Gen.
Hedefcended into bell. Apofilet Cre^d.

3. Temporal death.

The pains of hell came about me ; the fnaret of
death overtook me. Pfalm xviii. 4.

4. The place at a running play to whkji
thofe who are caught are carried.

Then couples three be ftraight allotted there ;
They of both ends the middle two do By ;

The two that in the mid-place, if// called were,
Muft ftrive with waiting fuot and watching eye,

To catch of them, and them to belllo bear.
That they, as well as they, bell may fupply. ■'iidnry.

5 . The place into which the taylor throws
his (hreds.

This in4ty fquire, he had as well
As the bold Trojan knight feen bell;
Not with a counterfeited paft
Of gokleo bough, but true gold-lace. HitdHiras.

. Jn Covent- Garden did a laylnt dwell.
Who might defcrve a place in hij own bell.

Kii^t Csaktryj.

6. The infernal powers.

Mich danger firft, much toil did he fulbin,
While Saul and bell croU -his llrong fat: in vain.

Cowley.

7. It is ofed in cortipofition by the old
writers mcMC than by the m9dern.

H£j.i,-BLACi. <7<//'. P.lack as hett. ...

H E L

Thefea, with -fuch a ftorm as his bar* head
In belLbhick night endur'd, would have boil'd up,
And- queucli'd the ftelled fires. Shak. King Lear.

Hell-bred. (7(^'. [/W/ andiW.] Produced

in hell.
Heart cantiot think what courage and what cries^

With foul cnfouldrcd fmoak and tladiing fire,

The hell-b'ed bealt threw forth into the (kies Spin/.
Hell-erdth. //. /. [hell and broth. \ A

compofition boiled up for infernal pur-

pofes.

Adder's fork, and blind worm's fting.
Lizard's leg, and owlet's wing;
■For a charm of powerful trouble.
Like a bdl-iroth boil and bubble. Sbahfp, Mach.
Hell-doomed. /ji^'. [hell wA doom. \ Con-
fig ned to hell.

And leckon'll thou thyfelf with fpirits of heav'n,
Hell. doomed', and breath'it defiance here and I'corn,
Where I reign king? Milicn.

Heli.-governed. adj. Direfled by hell.
Earth gape open wide and eat him quick.
As thou doft fwallow up this good king's blood.
Which h\i bell-govern' d arm hath butchered. Sbak,

Hell-hated, adj. Abhorred like hell.

Back do 1 tofs thefe treafons to thy head.
With the heli-baltd lie o'erwhelm thy heart. Sbak.
Hell-haunted, adj. [hell and haHHt,'\
Haunted by the devil.

Fierce Ofmond cics'd me in the bleeding bark,
And bid me ftand cxpos'd to the bleak winds.
Bound to the fate of this bell-baunred grove. DryS.

Hell-hound, n.f [helle hunb, Saxon.}

1. Dog of hell.

From forth this kennel of thy womb hath crept
A hell-hound xhiX ia\.'<\ hunt us all to death. Shakef,

Now the hell-hounds with fuperior I'pced
Had reach'd the dame, and, faftening on her fide,
The ground with ilfuing llreams of purple dy'd.

Dryden,

2. Agent of hell.

I call'd
My bell-bounds to lick up the draff, and filth.
Which man's polluting fill with taint had flied
On what was pure. Milton.

Hell-kite. »./. [hell z-nd kite.] Kite of
infernal breed. '1 he term hell prefixed to
any word notes deteftation.

Did you fay all ? What all ? Oh, hell-kite! all ?
What, all my pretty chickens, and their dam.
At one fell fwoop ? ' Shakefp. Macbeth.

H e'l L E BOR E. n.f. [hellebarus, Lat, j Chrilt-

mas flower. , , « .

He'llebore IVhker n\/: [yeratrum, Lat.}
A plant.

There are great doubts whether any of its fpecies
he the true hellebore of the ancients. MilUt.

He'llenism. n.f. [t'A/ijuir/Ais ] A Greek
idiom. Ainfiudrth.

He'llish. adj. [from hcIL]

1. Sent from hell ; belonging to hell.

O thou celcliial or infernal fpirit I'i love, or whot
other heavenly or bdlijlj title thou lift to have, for
efFefls of both I find in myfelf, have companion of
me. Sidney.

Viftory and triumph to the Son of God,
Now entering his great duel, not of arms.
But to vancjuilh by wifdom hellijh wiles. Milton.

2. Having the qualities of hell; infernal;
wicked; deteftable. ••

No benefits Ihall ever allay that diabolical rancouc
that ferments in fome hellijh breafts, but that it will
foam out at its foul mouth in Oander. South.

He'llishly. ad'v. [from hellifh.l Infer-
nally; wickedly; deteftably.
He'llishness. ?/._/; [(xom hellijh. 1 Wick-
ednefs; abhorred qualities.
Hf'llward. adv. [from hell.\ Toward
hell.

lie next tliy care the fable (heep Jo place
full o'ci ibc jitijiaiMlwMd UsaiUus face. P^e,

Helu

H E L

Helm denotes defence: 3.% EaJhtlm, happy

defence; Sighelm, viftorious defence;

Berthelm, eminent defence; Vikt Amyntas

and Bot-iu! among the Greeks. Gibf. Cam.

HELM. «. /. [helm, Saxon, from htlaii,

to coyer, to proteft.]
1 . A covering for the head in war ; a hel-
met; a morrion; an headpiece.

FnQce fpreids his banners in our noifelefs land !
With plumed htlm the flayer begins his threats.

Hhakefftari.
Mneftheus lays hard load upon his helm. Dryitn.

J. The part of a coat of arms that bears the
creft. , ,

More might be added lA bdmit crelb, mantles,
and fupporlers. Camden's Remaini.

3. The upper part of the retort.

The vulgar chymift* themfclves pretend to be able,
by repeated cohobations, and other fit operations, to
make the diftilled parts of a concrete bring its own
tafut mmtuum over the helm. Boyle.

4. [t)elma, Saxon.] The ftcerage; the
rudder.

They did not leave the *«/« inftorms ;
And fuch they are make happy dates. Ben Jonjon.

More in profperity is reafon toft . ■ a

Than (hips in ftorms, their helms and anchors loft.

Dtnbam.
?air occafion fliews the fpringing gale.
And infteft guides the helm, and honour fwelU the

&il.

trior.

c. The Ration of covemment.

1 may be wrong in the means; but that is no
obieflion againft the defign : let thofe at the helm
contrive it better. _ . ^•"V'-

6. In the following line it is difficult to
determine whether^^^^/waK or defender is
intended: \\iivt^Jieerfman.

Von flander
The helms o' ih' ftate, who care for you like fathers.
When you curfe them as enemies. Sbakeff.

To Helm. t^. a. [from the noun.] To

Hanmtr.

gnide ;

iuiut , to conduft.

The very ftream of his life, and the bufinefs he
hath helmed, mull give them a better proclamation.

Shakejf.

He'lmed. W/. [fromWw.] Furniihed with
a head-piece.

The helmed cherubir*
Are feen in glittering ranks with wings difplay'd.

Millott.

He'lmet. »./. [Probably a diminutive of
hel?iu\ A helm ; a headpiece ; armour
for the head.

I faw him down^ thtice up again, and fightwg;
Irom helmet to the fpur all bleeding o'er. Shakeff.
Sev'n darti are thrown at once, and fome rebound
From his bright (hield, fome on V\i helmet found.

Dryden.

Helmi'kthick. adj. [from 4a/*.»«®-.]
Relating to worms- i''''2-

preter. helped, or holb;
\hilpan, Gothick ;

7i HELP

part, helped, or holpen.

pelpan, Saxon.]

1. To affift; to fupport ; to aid.

Let us work as valiant men behoves ;

For boldeft hcirls good fortune helfeth out. Fairfax.

O Lord, make h'afte to help me. Pjalms.

God belfeJ him againll the Fhiliftines. a Chron.

Thev helped them in all things with filver and

told. ^ ' , ^ , >^/'-

A man.reads his prayers out of a book, as a means
40 help his underftanding and direfthis expreflions.
"^ SiiUingjieel.

a. It has, in familiar language, the particle
out, which feems to have meant, origi-
nally, out e/a difficulty.

This he conceives not hard to bring about.
If all of you Ihould join to helf him cut. DryJen
Whit 1 off-.r is To far from doing any dilkindnefs
to thccavTc tbtfc ^aaenw uc CBgagel io, that it

H E L

dots them » real fervice, and h'lps them out »iih^ ,
the main thing whereat they llucW. tyoodwarJ.

The God of learning and of light,
Would want a god himfelf to help him out. Swift.

|. To raife by help : with up.

Woe to him that is alone when he falleth; for
he hath not another to help him up._ Eccl. it. lo.
(.. To enable to furmount : with ovtr.

Wherever they are at a ftand, help them prefently
ever the difficulty without afiy rebuke. iMke.

J. To remove by help : with off.

Having never learned any laudable manual art,
they have rccourfe to thofe foolilh or ill ways in ufe,
to help off their time. _ Lotke.

6. To free from pain or vexation.

Help and eafe them, but by no means bemoan
them. ^*<'**-

7. To cure; to heal: with ^f. Obfolete.

Love doth to her eyes repair,
To hilp him o/'his blindnefs. Sbakefp.

8. It is ufed commonly before the difeafe.

The true calamus helps coughs. Gerard.

9. To remedy; to cnange for the better.

-Ceafe to lament for that thou can'ft not help ;
And ftudy help for that which thou lament'lt. Shak.

10. To prevent; to hinder.

Thofe fewwharefide among us, onlybecaufe they
cannot Af//> it. Stiuft.

If they take offence when we give none, it is a
thing we cannot help, and therefore the whole bUme
tnuft lie upon them. Sanderfon.

It is a high point of ill nature to make fport with
any man's imperfeiSions that he cannot help.

L' Ejirange.

Thofe dofing flcies may ftill continue bright ;
But who can help it, if you'll make it night. Dryd.

She, betwixt her modelly and pride.
Her wilhes, which Qie could not help would hide.

Dryden,

It is reckoned ill manners for men to quarrel upon
difference in opinion, becaufe that is a thing which
no man can help in himfelf._ Stvift.

11. To forbear; to avoid.

He cannot help believing, that fuch things he
faw and heard. AilerUry.

i cannot help remarking the refemblance betwixt
him and our author in qualities, fame, and fortune.

fope.

12. To promote; to forward.

And ttiey helped forward the affliftive. Zech.

If you make the earth narrower at the bottom
than at the top, in fafhion of a fugar-loaf teverfcd,
it WAX help the experiment. _ Bacon.

13. To Helf to. To fupply with; to fur-
ai(h with.

Whom they would help to a kingdom, thofe reignj
and whom again they would, they difplace.

I Mac. viii. ij.

The man that is now with Tiefias can helf him
to his oxen again. VKJirange.

14. To prefent at table.

In plenty ftarving, tantaliz'd in ftate.
And complaifantly help'd to all 1 hate^
Treated, carefs'd, and tir'd, 1 take my leave. Tope.
To Help, "v, n.

1 . To contribute afliftance.

Sir, how comes it you
Have help to make this refcue i ^hakefp.

Difcreet followers and fervants help much torepu-
tation. Been.

Bcnnet's grave look was a pretence,
And Danby's matchlefs impudence
Help'd to fupport the knave. Dryden.

A generous prefent helps to perfuadc a> well as an
agreeable perfon. Uarib,

2. To bring a fupply.

Some wanting the talent to write, made it their
care that the aitors Ihould help out where the mufes
failed. Rymer.

U^LV.Ti.f. [from the verb; hulj>e, Dutch.]
1. Afliftance; aid; fupport; fuccour.

MulealTes defpaiting to recover the city, hardly
tfcaped hit entpaiM haods hy the Booil help of his
uncle. Xmlles.

H ETi

He may be beholden to experience and lequirei
notiont, wliere he thinks he has not the Ica.l help
from them. Lmke.

So great is the llupidity of fome of ihnfe, that
they may have no fenfe ol the help adminiftred to
them. Umalridge.

I. That whicTi gives help.

Though thelc contrivances increafe the power, yet
they proportionably protrad the time; that whicK
by fuch hel/)s one man may do in a hundred days,
may be done by the immediate ftrength of a hundred
men iii one day. Wilkini.

Virtue is a friend and an help to nature ; but It is
vice aiid luxury that deftroys it, and the difcafet of
intemperance arc the natural product of the lins of
intemperance. Stufh.

Another help St. Paul himfelf afTords us towards
the attaining the true meaning contained in hit
epiftles. Locke.

3. That which forwards or promotes.

Coral is in ufe ai an help to the teeth of children.

Bacon.

4. Remedy.

There is no help for it, but he m^ifl be taught ac.
cordingty to comply with the faulty way of writing.
Holder on Speech,

He'lper. «./. [firom ielp.]

1. An afliftant; an auxiliary; an aider;
one that helps or affifts.

Theie was not any left, nor any helper {or Ifrael.

2 Kings.

We ought to receive fuch, that we might be teU

low helpers to the truth. 5 yo. viii.

It is impofTible for that man to dcfpair who

remembers that his helper is omnipotent.

"Taylor's Rule of li'ving holy.

2. One that adminifters remedy.

Compairioi), the mother of tears, is not always a
mere idle fpcdlator, but an helper oftentimes of evilk.

with

any

More.

thing

3. One that fupplies
wanted : with to.

Heaven
Hath brought me up tu be your daughter's dower,
As il hath fated her to be my motive,
And helper to a hulband. Shakefp:

4. A fupernumerary fervant.

I live in the corner of a vaft unAirnilbed houfe :
my family confilis of a fteward, a groom, a helper
in the ftable, a footman, and an old maid. Sv/ifi.
He'lpful. adj. [help and fuH.]

1 . Ufeful ; that which gives afliftance.

Let's fight with gentle words,
'Till time lend friends, and friends their belpfi/l
fwords. Sbaie/p.

He orders all the fuccoufs which they brings
The helpful and the good about him run.
And form an army. Dryden,

2. Wholefome; falutary.

A fkilful chymift can as well, by feparation of
vifible elements, draw i&r/e/u/ medicines out of poifon,
as poifon out of the moft healthful herbs. RmUi^i,

He'lpless. adj. [from W/.]

1. Wanting power to fuccour one's felf.

One dire (hot
Clole by the board the prince's main-maft bore;
All three now helplefs by each other lie, Dryden.
Let our enemies rage and perfecute thr poor and
the helplefs i but let it be our glory to be pore aiid
peaceable. Rogers,

2. Wanting fupport or afliftance.

How Ihall I then your helplefs fame defend?
'Twill then be infamy to feem your friend. Pope.

3. Irremediable ; admitting no help.

Such helplefs harms it's better hidden keep,
Than rip up grief, where it may not avail. Sfenfer,

4. Unfupplied : void : with of. This is
unufual, perhaps improper.

Naked he lies, and ready to expire,
Helflefs of all that human wants require. Dryden.

He'lplessly. ad-v. [from helple/t.'\ With-
out ability; without fuccour.

He'lplessness. «./. [itombtlfl^s.l Want
of ability; want of fuccour.

HEM

HiLTER-SKELTER. adv. [As Skinuer fan-
cies from ))eol}-rep j-ceaoo, the darknefs
of hell, hell fays he, being a place of
confufion.j In a hurry; without order;
turaultuoully.

Sir [ohn, I am thy Fulol, anJ thy friend;
And Brltir-Jkchtr have I rode to England,
And tidings do I bring. Sbakiff.

He had no fooncr turned his back but they were at
it htller-Jkeller, throwing books at one anoilier's
heads. VEjlrungi.

Helve, ff./. [Jxipe, Saxon.] The handle
' of an axe.

The flipping of an axe from the helve, »*ereby
another is llain, was the work of Cod himfelf.

Kaitigi'i HiJ!i,ry.

To Helve, -j. a [from the noun.J To tit

with a helve or handle.
HEM.».y; [f)em, Saxon.]

1. The edge of a garment doubled and
fewed to keep the threads from fpreading.

Rowlers mult be made of even cloth, vi hite and
gentle, without him, feam, or thread hanging by.

2. Hemmen, Dutch.] The noife uttered by
a fadden and violent expiratpn of the
breath.

J would try if I could cry ient, and have him.

Sbaif/f.

lie loves to clear his pipes in good air, and is
not a little pleafed with any one who takes notice of
Ihe llreogth which be llill exerts in his morning
irmt. Addijin.

3. Interjta. Hem! [Lat.J
yi Hem. -v. a.

1. To clofe the edge of cloth by a hem or
double border fewed together.

2. 'i'o border ; to edge

All the lliitt about
Wts hem'd with golden fringe. Fairy Slueen.

Along the tltoar of filver-ftreaming Thames,
Whofc rulliy bank, the which his river bemt. Sfcnf.

3. To endofe ; to environ ; to confine ; to
fliut: perhaps always with a particle; as,
ia, about, rouad.

So of citiicr Itde, ftretchirg itfelf in a narrow
length, was it bemmid in by woody hills, as if in-
deed nature had meant therein to nuke a place for
beholden. Sidnty.

What lets ui then the great Jerufalem
With valiant f^uadrons round ab«ut vshtm V Fairf,

Why, Neptune, hall thou made us ftand alone,
Divided from the world for this, fay they ;
Uexm'd / « to be a fpoil to tyranny.
Leaving affliction hence no way to 6y i Daniel.

I hurry me in haftr away,
And find his honour in a pound,
Hrmm'd by a triple circle rawrj,
Che^iitr'd with ribbons, blue and green.

P''fe.

To Hem. -v. n. [hemmen, Dutch.] To utter
a noife by violent cxpulfion of the
breath.

H e'm 1 c R A VY. »./. [iiVM-K, half, and Kfiiut,
the flcull, or head J A pain that affefts
only one part of the head at a time.

^irrcy.

He'mictcle. a./. [ii/MKuxx^.] A half
round.

He'mina. »./. An ancient meafurc: now
oicd in medicine to Cgnify about ten
ounces in meafure. i^/nrj.

He'miplecv. », /. [J^fbivv, half, and
nyiviru, to ftrilce or feize.] A palfy, or
any nervous affedion relating thereunto,
that feizes, one fide at a time; fome par-
tial diforder of the nervous fyftem.

HK'.MISPHERE. »./. [i/w-^a?;.., ; *,«//■-
jihere, French.] The half of a globe when
Vol. I.

HEM

jt is fuppofed to be cut through its eeiure'

in the plane of one of its greateft circles

That p!.ice is carih, the feat of man ; that lighL
His Jay, which elfe, as th' other btmijfheve.
Night would invade. Milton

A hill
Of Paradife, the higheft from whofe top
Tlie hemijfhire of carih, in cleared kea
Stretch'd out to th" ampleft reach of profpefl lay.

Milioit.

1 he fun is more poiiierful an the northern hanif.
/of'i-, and in the opogeum ; for therein his motion
IS flower.

In open profpcft nothi

thyd<n.

'O/. [homhemi/phere.']
Half round; con-

nijiichc.

Brovin.
... o bounds our eye.

Until the earth feems join'd unto the Iky ;
So in this hemi/pbere our utraoft view
Is only bounded bj;our king and you.

Hemisphe'iiical. "I <7<//.rfroraA

Hemisphe'rick. J
taining half a globe,

The thin film ot the water fwells above the furface
of the water itfwims on, and commonly conftitutes
hemiffhericai bodies with it. BoyU.

A pyrites, fUced in the cavity of another ot an
bemifpbericlt figure, in much the lame manner as an
acorn in its cup. Houd-warJ,

Hemistich, w. / [ii,t*.y>^i« j hemi,
French.] Haifa verfe.

He broke off in the hemijlicb, or m'lJft of the
verfe j but feizcd, as it were, with a divine fury, he
made up the Utter part of the btmljiicb. Dryden

He'mlock. ». /. [Jjemloc, Saxon.] An
herb.

The leaves are cut into many minute fegments :
the petals of ilie flower are bifid, heart.fliaped, and
unequal : the flower is fucceeded by two fljott chan-
neled feeds. One fort is fometimes ufed in medi-
cine, though it is notious; but the i^War* of the
antients, which was fuch deadly poifon, is generally
fuppofed different. Miller.

He was met even now
Crown'd with rank-fumiier and furrow-weeds.
With hardock, hemlock. Sbakefp. King Lear.

cannot with certainty affirm that no man

HEN

Ye fhall have a bempen caudle then, ar.d the help
trfa hatchet. Shakelp.

We

ragie, Fr.J A violent

can be nourilhed by wood or ftones, or that aU men
will be poifoned by bemlocit. Locke.

He'morrhace. "1 «r./. [«<)iH|J»'»yi'« ; hemor-

He'morrhacv. J ~ "

flux of blood.

Great hemorrhagji fucceeds the feparation. Ray.

Twenty days falling will notdiminifli its quantity

fo much as one great bcmorrbage. Arhuthnot

he'morrhoids. «./. [«,>.jf.«r.5 ; h'.

morrhoids,Vr.'\ The piles; theemrods.-

I got the hemirrhtidt. Siiifi.

He'morRHoidal. adj. [hemorrhoidal, Fr.
from hemorrhoids. ] Belonging to the veins
in the fundament.

Befidcs there are hemorrhages, from the nofe and
bemorrboidal veins, and fluxes of rheum. Ray.

Emboli upon the field, a battle flood
Of leeches, (pouting hetim rboidal blood. Garth.

HEMP. n.f. [JJinep, Sax, /&afl»/,r, Dutch ;
cannabis. ] A fibrous plant of which coarfe
linen and ropes are made.

It hath digitated leaves oppofite to one another :
the flowers have no vifible petals; it is male and
female in diflierent plaou. Its bark is ufeful for
cordage and cloth. Miller.

Let gallows go for dog; let man go free.
And let not htmfi his windpipe fuffbcate. Sbak.

Hemp and flax arc commodities that defcrvc en-
couragement, both for their ufefulnefs and profit.

Mortimer.

HiMr Agrimony, n./. A plant.

The common hemp agrmony is found wild by
ditches and fides of rivers. Miller.

He'mpen, adj. [from hemp-l Made of
hemp.

In foul reproach of knighthood's fair degree.
About bit neck a bimpen rope he wean, Fairy Q.

Behold
Upon the hempen tackle Oiip-boys climbing. Shak.

I twitch 'd his dangling garter from his knee ;
utJI™ "°' "'"^" ■'"' *'•"'/"' 1""? Wrew. Gay.
HEN. n.f. [)3enne, Saxon and Dutch ; han,

German, a cock.]
I. Thcthefemaleofahoufe-cock.
z. The female of any land fowl.

The peacock, pheafant, and goldfinch cocks Jiaie

\«^^ <^°'o"rs ; the ton have not. Hacov.

Whilft the hen bird is covering her eggs, the male

generally lakes his ftand upon a neighbouring bou^h

withm her hearing, and by that means diva ts her

wuh his fongs during the whole time of her fitting.

^ ■ Addikn.

Oe'r the Iracklefs wade.

The heath ktn flutters. Thomfon.

Hen-d river. »./ [htH z.viAdnver.\ A

kind of hawk.

The hen-dri-ver 1 forbear to name. ff'altolr.

Hen.harm. ■)„./. A kind of kite.
Hen-harrier./ Jin/worlh. Socalled
probably from deftroying chickens.

Hen-hearted, adj. [hen and heart.\
Daftardly; cowardly; like a hen, A
low word.
He.v.pecked. adj. [hen and/«if(/.] Go-
verned by the wife.

A ftepdanie too I have a curfed flie.
Who rules my hen-peck' d (ire, and orders me.

„., Dryden.

1 he neighbours reported that he was hen-pecked,
which was impoffible, by fuch a mild-fpirited wo-
man as his wife. Arhuthnot.
Hen-roost. »./ [hen znA. ro!>Ji.\ The
place where the poultry reft.

Many a poor deiil flands to a whipping poft for
the pilfering of a filverfpo«p, or the robbing of a
hcn^ooji. VEJirange.

Her houfe is frequented by a company of rogues,
whom (he encourageth to rob his hen.roajls. Swift.

If a man profecutes gypfics with fcventy, his ben~
rcojl is fure to pay for it. Addfon.

They oft havefally'd out to pillage
The hen.rooflt of (bme peaceful village. Tickell.

He'nbane. «.y; [hjojcjamus, Latin.] A
plant.

It is very often found growing upon the fides of
banks and old dunghills. This is a very poifonous
?'•■"'• Miller.

That to which old Sccrales wai CHrs'd,
Or heaiane juke, to fwcll 'em 'till they burft.

Dryden.
H £ N B I T. K./ [Alfinefoliis hederacels.} A
plant.

In a fcarcity in Silefia a rumour was fpread of its
raining milletfeed ; but it was found to be only the
feed of the ivy-leaved fpcedwell, or fmall henbit.

Derham't Phyf. Theology.

HENCE, adv. ox interj. [Jjeonan, Saxon j

hennes, oldEnglifh.]
I . From this place to another,

Difclutge my follow'rs; let tliem henee away,
f torn Richard's night to Bolingbioke's fair day,

Sbakefpt
Th ' Almighty hath not built
Here for his envy ; will not drive us hence. Miltall

A fullcn prudence drew thee hence
From noife, fraud, and impertinence, Rafcommon,

2. Away ; to a diftancc. A word of com-
mand.

Be not found here ; henee with your little ones,

Shakef^.
Hence with denial vain, and coy excufe. Milton.

3. At a diftance; in other places. Not in
ufe.

Why fliould I then be falfe, (inoe it it true
That I mull die here, and live hence by truth

Sbaktfp.

All members of our caufc, both here and hence.
That are iufioewcd to this aAion, Shakrfp.

6 C 4, From

HEN

4. From this time ; in the future.

He who cin rcAfon well to-day about one fort of
malicri, cannot at all rcafon to-day about oibers>
though perhaps a year henct he may. Locke.

Let uot posterity a ihaufand years hence look for
truth in the voluminous aiiualsot pctlanit. Aibutb,

5. For this reafon;' in confequcncc of this.

Hence perhaps it is, that Soloinau calls the tear
of the Lord the beginning of wifdom. Tilhtfi^n,

6. From this caufe; from this ground.

By too ftrong a projeillile motion the aliment lends
to putrefaiiion : hence may be deduced the force of
exc.'cifc in helping digefliun. jiriiuthnot on Aiim.

7. From this fource; from this original ;
from this ftorc.

My Flora was my fun ; for as
One fun, To but one Flora was ;
All other faces borrowed hence
Thoir light and grace as ftars do thence. SueUltig.

8. From hence is a vicious expreflion, which
crept into ufc even among good authors,
as the original force of the word hence\V2&
gradually forgotten. Heacc fignificsyVoCT
this.

An ancieat aulhoTprophefy'd^re«»/^/i«,
Behold on Latian mores a toreigii prince! DryJen.
7oH£NCr, -v- a. [from the adverb.] To
fend off; todifpatch toa dillance. Ob-
fblete.

Go, bawling cur ! thy hungry maw go fill
On yon foul flocic, belonging not to me;
With that his dog he benc'd his flock he curs'd.

Sidney.

Hencefo'rth. aih. [henonpopB, Saxon.J
From this time forward.

I'hanes andkinfmen,
tiencefarth be earls. Shakeffeare' t Macbeth.

Never btncrfarib (hall I joy again ;
Never, oh, never, (hall I fee more joy. Shak.

Happier thou may'sft be, worthier can'ftnot be j
Tafte this, and be hencfurtb among the gods,
Thyfelf a goddefs. Milton.

I never from thy fide bcHcefortb will ftray,
•Till day droop. Milton.

If we treat gallartfoldiers in this fort.
Who then htnceforlb to our defence will come ?

' . Dry den.

HENCEro'swARD. adrVi [^dwf^ and far->^
tvarJ.] From this time to all futurity.

^rncrfbrvfard w\\\ I bear
Upon my target three lair (hining funs. Sb.iit/p.
l*ardon 1 befeech you ;
' Henceforward I am ever rul'd by you. Shak^fp.

The royal academy will admit hencefortuat d inly
fuch who' are endued v^ith good qualities. Dryden.
Hi'MGHMAN. ft./, [liync, 3 fervSnt, and
max, Skiamr; hcnjj"!, a horfe, and man,
Spefman.] A page; an attendant, Ob-
folete.

Why (hculd Titania crofs her Oberon :
I do but beg a little chaugling boyi
To be my bencbman. ' . ' ' 'ShaieJ^e'dre,

'' Three hinchmen were for ev'ry knight aflien'd,
All in rich liw:ly clad, ani ol a kind. Orydeti.

loW F. -N D. 1'. a. [heiiban, Saxon, from hcndo,
love Latin, which feems borrowed fA)m
hatfd oihund, Teutonick.]^
J. To feJze ; to lay hold on.

With that the fetgc-iiiu ir«/ the young man (Vout,

And bocnd him likewifc in a wotiiiicfs chain. Fair/.

2. To crovvdi to fuf;round. I'crhsjis the

following paflage is corrupt, and lliould

be read litmmed ; or it inay laeaa /«> take

• ffrj/'on-

The generous and graveft citizens
Have ifff£ the fatc<,.aiid very pear upon-^
The duke is entering. Siake/f.

Hf.nde'cacon. tt. /, [t>J^»ce and vwmt.J
A figare of eleven fides or angles.

VI p N s - F E fc T . ». /. fumar. a Je^ium, Hedge
fumitory.

HER

Hepa'tTCAL. \adj. [hepatieui,lAt\n;hepa-
HtPA'ricK. J //ya/, French, from i)'T«f.]
Belonging to the liver.

if the evacuated blood be florid, it is ftomach
Mood; if ted and copious, it is btj'a.ick. Harliy.

The cyflick gall is thick ana iutcr.fely bmcr ;
the bifaiick gall is more fluid, and not fo bitter.

Arhuibnot en AUments.

Heps. u. f. Hawthorn-berries commonly

written hips. ^ Ainjiuorth.

In hard winters there "is obferved great plenty 01

befs and haws, which prefcrve the fmall birds from

(Carving. ^ Bacon.

Heptac'apsola. adj.\\tt» &r^ capjula.]
Having feven cavities or cells.

HEPTAGON, n. f. \Jieptacone, Fr. ?tt«
and va»i'».] A figure with feven fides or
angles.

Mepta'gonal.c^' ■\Jrom.hcptagon.'\ Hav-
ing feven angles or fides.

He'ptarchy. n. f. [heptarchie, French;
erraand *»;&'•] A fevenfoW government.

In the Saxon beftarchy \ hnd little noted oi arms,
albeit the Germans, of whom they defcciiiied, ufed
ihields. Camden.

England began not to be a people, when Allrcd
reduced it into a monarchy; lor ihc materials thcrcol
were extant before, namely, under the heftarchy.

Hale's origin of Mankind.
The next returning planetary hour
Of Mars, who fliared the biptaitby of pow'r
His fteps bold Aicite to the temple bent. Dryden.
Hek. profi. rhefva, hep, in Saxon ftood for
their, or of them, which at length became
the female pofl'effive.]

1. Belonging to a female; of a Ihe; of a
woman.

About his neck,
A green and gilded fnake had wreath'd ilfelf.
Who with her head, nimble in threats, apptoach'd
The opening ol his mouth. Sbaktjf. As you like it. ,
Still new tavouiitcsibechofe, !

'Till iip-in arms my pallionrolc, t

And calt away her yoke. Cent/ley.

One monih, three days, apd half an hour,
Judith held the fov'reign pow'r :

"Wo.id'rous beautiful be'r face ;
But fo weak and fmJl btr wit,
1 liat (he to govern were untit, '

And fo Sul'anna took ber place. Cowley.

2. The oblique cafe oi Jhe.

England is fo idly king'd;
Her fceptre fo fantalf ically borne,
'1 hat tear attends btr not. Hbakefftart's He»ry V.

She cannot feemdeiorm'd to inc,
."^nd I would have i"feem toothers fo. Coviley.

The moon aiofc clad o'er in light, - . .
With thoufand ftars attending on her trai.i ;
With her they rife, with ber they letagjin. Couley.

.Should I be left, and thou be loft, the fea,
That burv'd her 1 lov d, ftiould bury me. Diydtn.
Hers, pronoun. This is ufed when it refers
to a fubftantive going before : .it, fuch are
/frt'/- charms, fuch charms as hers.

This pride ol bcrs.
Upon advice, hath drawn ray love from her. Shaii.

Thine own unworthinels.
Will tlill that thou art mine not bers confel's.

CoijoUy.
Some fecret charm did all her aib attend.
And what his lortunc vranted, h^rs could mend.

. . Dryden.

I bred'you up to arms, rais'd you tq ^wci.
Indeed to lave a crowd, nut hin but yours. Dryden.

HE'RALDi' »./. |^/.»cfv7».'/, French; herald,
German ]

\. An officer whofe bufinefs it is to regifler
genealogies, adjuft enfigns armorial, regu-
late funerals, and anciently to carry mef-
fagcs between princes, and proclaim war
and peace.

HER

May tione, whofe fcatter'd names honour my boolu
For l^ricl degrees of rank or Iiile look ;
'Tis 'gainft the maniiers of an epigram,
.\nd I a poet here, no herald am. Ben Jonfon.

When time (hall ferve let but the herald cry.
And 1 'II appear again. S bake/feat e'l King Ltar.

Embaliador of peace, if peace jou chule ;
Or heruld of a war, if jou rctufe. Dryden.

I'Iciife thy pride and fearch the herald's roil.
Where thou lliait tind thy lanious pedigiee. D'yden.

2. A precurfor, a forerunner; a harbinger.

It IS the pirt of men to fear and tremble,
When the molt mighty gods, by tokens, fend . ,

Such dreadful btialds to altonilh m. Shak'ff^

It was the laik, the beralJoixht morn. HoaLjf.

3. A proclaimcr; a publiflier.
Alter my death I wilh no other herald.

No other Ipeaker of my living actions.
But fuch an honelt chronicler as Gillfith. Shakeff,
y'eHE'RALD. "v-a. [from the noun.] To
introduce as by an herald. A word not
ufed.

We are fcnt from our royal maftcr,
Onlv to herald thee into his light,
Not'pay thee. Shakeffemre.

He'ralury. n. /. [beraulderie, French;
from herald.']

1. The art or office of a herald.

1 am writing oi heraldry. Peacham.

Grant her, bcGdes, of noble blood that ran
In ancient veins, ere lt,eraldry began. Dryden.

2. Regiftry of genealogies.

''1 was no fallc heraldry nhen madnefsdrew
Her pedigree from thofc who too much knew.

Dertham.

3. Blazonry.

Metals may blazon common beauties ; (he

Makes peaiU .Tiid planets humble heraldry. Chaii,

HERB. nf. \herLe, French; herba.^Mm.^

Htrit are thofe plants wliofe ftalks are folt, and

have nothing woody in them j as graU and hcmlo-k.

Locke.
In fuch a night
Medea gather'd the enchanted herbs
That did renew old j'Efon. Sbakeff,

With fweei-Imellingic^^f
Efpoufed Evedeck'd lirlVhcr nupiia! bed, Millon.

Unhappy, from wl.om ftiU conceal'd does lie

Of herbs and roois the haimiels luxury. Cvutey.

If the leaves are of chief ule to us, then we call

them Aerir; as fage and mint. lyatn's Logick.

Herb-ciiwi. animals, which don't ruminate, have

ftrong grinders, and chew much. Arbuihn!,t on .4tim,

Herb Chriji^ f her, or bane-berries, ti.f. A

plant.
Herba'ceous. adj. [from ^^/ia Latin.]
•li Belonging to herbs.

Ginger is the root of neither tree nor trunk ; but
an herbaceous plant, lefembling the water fiowef.de
luce. btoivn.

2. Feeding on vegetables ; perhaps not pro-
perly.

Their teeth are fittrd to their food; the rapa-
cious to catching, holding, and tearing their prey ;
the ifiiafUKitogatheiiiig and comminulioii 01 veue-
tabels. Derbam,

He'rbage, »./. {herbage, French.]

1. Herbs coUedivcIy ; grafs; pafture.

Rocks liecovcr'd viith eternal I'now ;
Thin herbage in the plaiiis,'aiid friiitlefs fields.

Dryden.

At the time tlM> deluge came, the earth was loaded

'With herbage, and thronged with animals. Wosfi-u'.

2. The tyihe and the right of pafture. Jin/,
He'r B A L. «.y.. (from herb.] A book con-
taining the names and defcripiioa of
plants..

We leave the defcriplion of plants to berbals, and ,
other like books of natural hillory. Bacon.

Such a plant will not be found in the herbal oi
nature. Bnwn.

As for the medicinal ufes of plaots, the large
beib.iL its: ample tcllimoaics thereof. M»re.

Our

i

HER

Out btrhah are fufficiently ilored with planli.
^ Baker.

He'rbalist. n, f. [iiom berbal.~i A man
Ikilled in herbs.

Hiirialijh have diftihguiOied them, naming that
the m.ile whole leaves arelJgbter, and fruit rounder.

Brctvn.

Hi'rbar. ». /. [A word I believe Qnly to
be found in Sfienjer.] Herb ; plant. .

The rool hcrrot was arched over head^
And deck'd with Sowers and itriart daintily.

Faii_y Quttti.
He'rbaRIST. ».y^ [hrian'us, from l^erba,
Latin.] One (killed in herbs.

Ufbanjls have cxercifed a commendable curiofity
iu fubdiviilmz pbnts ol the rmne denomination.

BoyU.

He was too much fwiyeJ by the opinions iiien

cjrrcnl among terbatijlt^ that diiTcrent colours, or

m-jl'iplicity ot leaves in the flower, were fufficient to

con!tuute a fpecifick diflercnce. Kay,

As tothcfuci, their feed hath been difcovsred and

(hewed me hril by an ingenious bfrbariji. Dfybam.

He'rbelet. n.f. [Diminutive oi herb, or

of A^rW^, Latin.] A fmall herb.

ThcTe -^tT^f /i, which we upon you ftrow. Shak.
Herb E 'scent, adj. [^berbejcens, Latin.]

Growing into herbs.
He'rbid. aJj. \herbiJut,ljxm.'\ Covered

with herbs.
He'rborist. h. /. [from herb.'\ One cu-
rious in herbs. This feems a millake for
terbarift.

A curious htrborifi has a plant, whofe flower pe-
riihes in about an iiour. Ray,

He'rborouch. 71. f. [herberg, German.]
Place of temporary refidence. Now writ-
ten harbour.

The German lord, when he went ont of Newgate
into the cart, look order to have his arms fet up in
his lall hfrior^agi. Brn Joiifin.

He'rbous. adj. \_herbi)/ui, YMxn.l Atiound-
ing with herbs. Diff.

He'rbulent. adj. [from herbula.'\ Con-
taining herbs.
He'rbwoman n./. [herb aniiBoman.l A
woman that fells hcrM.

I was like to be pulled to pieces by brewer, butcher,
and baker, even my bftbvroman dunn'd me as I
went along. Athuthm^t.

He'rbv. adj. [from herb.] Having the na-
ture of lie rbs.

No fubilance but earth, and the procedures oi
earih, as tile and Hone, yieldeth any nufii or itriy
fubtlance. Bacon.

HERD. » /. [ptort>, Saxon.]

1. A number of beads together. It is pecu-
liarly applied to black cattle. Flackt arc
/keep, and hirdi oxen or kine

Note a wild and wanton berJ,
Or rjce of youthful and unhandled colts,
Fetching mad bounds. Sbakefp.

There hr.d a her J of heiferj, wand'ring o'er
The neighbouring hill, and drive them to the fliore.

Addifon.

2. A company of men, in contempt or de-
tcdation.

Survey the world, and where one Cato (hine«.
Count a degenerate lerJ of Cattlmes. OryJert.

I do not remember where ever God delivered his
- oracles by the multitude, or nature trurh by the berj,

!j. It anciently fignified a keoper of cattle,
and in Scotland it is ftil! ufed. [)3)Tib,
Saxon.] A fenfe flill retained in compo-
fition : as goatherd.
To Herd. v. v. [from the noon.]
I. To run in herds or companies.

Weak women (hould, in danger, herd like deer.

Drydtn.

HER

It is the nature of indigency, like common dangir,
to endear men to one another, and make them herd
together, like fdlow-failors in a liorm. Narrii.

2. To affociate; to become one of any

number or party.

I '11 held amur.g his friends, and feem
One of (he number. Mdifon's Calc.

Run to towiis to her J with kn.ives and fools.
And undiftinguilh'i pafs among the crowd. iValJh.
To Herd. f. a. 'i'o thro*' or put into an
herd.

1- '^1l^^eft,
However great we are, honelt and valiant,
Are-^/ri/t^wirh the vulgar. , Beit JohJoii's Cattline.

Hf.'rdcroom. n.f. [herd ^nA groom.] A
keeper of herds. Not in ufe.

But who (hall judge the wager won or loA ?
That rtiall yonder herdgroom, and none other.

Spenfer.-
He'rDMAn. 7 n.f. [herd xnA -man] Ont
Hl'rdsman. 5 employed in tending
herds: formerly, an owner of herds. •

A herd/man rich, ot much account was he,
111 whom no evil did reign, or good appear. Hidnfy.

And you, enchantment.
Worthy enough a .6^r(^md;r, if e'er thou
Thefe rural latches to his enttance open,
1 will devife a cruel death for thee. Shakfjp.

Scarce themfelves know how to hold
A Iheephook, or have leam'd ought elie the leaft
That to the faithful herdman's art belongs. Milton.

There oft the Indian Aert^/wd/r, Ihiinning heat.
Shelters in cool, and tends his palturing herds
At loop-holes cut through thickett thadc. Milton.

So liands a Tbtacian berdfrmn with his/pear
Full in the gap, and hopesthc hunted bear, Drydtn.

Tbe herd/man, round

The chearful 6re, ptQvolie his health in goblets

crown'd. DryJen.

When their herd/men couM not agree, tluy parted

by confent. Locke.

HERE. ad-v. [hep, Saxon; hitr, Dutch.]
I. In this place.

Bcfr»re they f-^rr approach,
Old Siward, with ten thoufand warlike men,
AU ready at a point, was fetting Ibilh. SbaXefp.

I, upon my frontiers Arre,
Keep refidence. Millun

Here Nature finl begins
Her farthcft verge. Milion.

How wretched does Prometheus* Aate appear.
While he his fecond mis'ry fulFers here. Cvivley.
To-day is ours, we have it here. Cow/ay.

z. In the prefent ftate.

Thus Hull you be happy here, and more happy
hereafter. Baccn,

3. It is ufed in making an offer or attempt.

Then here's for earnell :
'Tisfinilh'd. Dryden.

4.. Ill drinking a health,

Hrre't to thee, Dick. Ccnuley.

However, friend, here'i to the king, one cries ;
To him who was the king, the friend replies. Prior.

5. It is often oppofed to there •,'vi\ one place,
dillinguifhed from another.
Good-night, mine eyes do itch ;
Doth that bode weeping ?

— *1 is neither hire nor ihere. Sbakefp. Othello.

We aie come to fee thee fight, to fee thee foigne,

to fee thee traverfc, to fee thee here, to fee thee there.

Shatrflieare.
Then this, then that man's aid, they crave, im-
plore J
Poft here ior help, feek /Aerr their followers. Daniel.
1 would hjve in the heath lome thickers made
only of fweet-biiar and honey-fuckle, and fome wild
vineamongll; and the ground fet with violets; tor
thefe arc fwccf, mid prifpcr in the Ihade ; and ihcli:
to be in the heath htre and /;6eri', not in order.

Baein.
The devil mipht perhaps, by inward fuggeltions,
have drawn in here and there a tingle profelyte.

Covernmtnt of tbe Tongtie.

Your city, after the dreadful fire, was rebuilt, not

prebntly, by raifing coiiuaaed llteetsi but at fi'A

^H E iR

' here a honiPr, and there\ houfe, to which others 1>y

degrees were joined. Sptatt's Sermons.

He tliat tides polt through a country may be able
to give fome loofe delcription of here a mountain and
there a plain, here 3 morafs, and there a river, wood-
land in one part, and favanas in another. Locke.

6. Here kerns, in the following paffage, to
rnqan this place.

Bid them farewell, Cordelia,' thot^ghunkind ;
Thou lofell /vre, a better where to find. Shakeff.

H E R e A Bou Ts. rrtfo. [here and about.] About
this place.

I faw herejictili nothing remarkable, except Au-
gnl^us '5 bridge, Addifon on Italy.

Herea'fter. ndv. [here znA after.]

1. In time to come ; in futurity.

How worthy he is, Iwill leave to appear y6;«<i/rrt>
rather than ftory him in his own hearing. Shakeff.

The grand-child, with twelve fons increas'd de«
parts
From Canaan, to a land hereafter called
Egypt. Milton.

Hereafter he from warfhall come,
Aiid bring his Trojans peace. Dryden.

2. In a future ftate.

You fliall be happy here, and more happy in r.
afte>. Bacon.

Hirea'fter. n.f. A future ftate. This.
is a figurative nuun, not to be ufed but
in pt)etr)'.

*Tis the divinity that fiirs within us ;
'Tis Heaven itlelt that points out an hereafter.
And intimates eternity to man. Addi/on's Cato,

, :' I ftill diall wait

Some new ie(-e<i/>er, and a future ftate. Prior.

HtKE a't. ad-v. [herfzndat.] At this.

One man coming to the tribune, to receive his do-
native, with a garland in his hand, the tribune,
offended hereat, deitunded what this fingularity
could mean ? Hooker.

Hereby', xd'v. [here ar\d by.] By this.

In what cit.ite the lathers relied, which were dead
befoie, it is not hereby cither one way or other deter-,
mined. Hooker.

Hereby the Moorsare not excluded by beauty, thete
being in this defcription no confideration of colours.

Broxun.

The acquifition of truth is of infinite concernment:
hereby we become aci]uainted with the nature of
thing's. IVatts.

Here'ditable. adj. [*arr«, Latin.] What-
ever may be occupied as inheritance.

.\dam being neither a monarch, nor his imaginary
monarchy hered/table, the power which is now in
the world is not that which was Adam's. Locke,

HE'REDlTAMENt. ff.f. [h.trediiim, Latin.]
A law term denoting inheritance, or he-
reditary eftate.

HERE'DITARY-7<//. [hereditaire, French;
bereditariui , Latin.] PoflefTed or claimed
by right of inheritance; defcending by
inheritance.

To thee and thine, hereditary e.itr.
Remain this ample third L>faur lair kingdom. Shak,

Thefe old fellows
Have their ingratitude in them hereditary. Sbakejp.

He fliall afcend
The throne hereditary, and bound his reign
' With earth's wide bounds, his glory with the
heavens. Milton.

Thus while the mute creation downward bend
Their fight, and to their earthly mother tend,
NJan looks aloft, and with ere^cd eyes
B. holds Ins own hereditary fltics. Dryden' i Ovid.

When iieroick vcrfc his youth Ihall raife.
And form it id hereditary praife. Drydtn's l^irgil.
Here'ditarily. «i/i/. [from hereditary.]
By inheritance.

Here is another, who thinks one of the greatett

glories of his father was to have.dtltinguithed and

loved you, and who loves you berrditarily. Pope,

Herei'n. adv. [here and iti.] In this.

How highly fi>evcr it may plcafc them with wordj

6 C 2

HER

•rtralh MCXtol krmoas, they (hall not ierifxelScii
yg^ Hooker,

My Ixft «nd<»voun fliall be done bcriln. Shakfff.
Since tnilhs, abfolutely necelTary to falvation, aje
lb clearly revealed that we cannot err in them, un-
klswc be notorioufly wanting loourfelves, bmin the
{auli of the judgment is refolMd into a ptecedent de-
fault in the will. S-Mb.
Herei'nto. adv. [here and ialo.] Into
this.

Becaufe the point about which we drive is the
quality of our laws, our tirft entrance btreittto cannot
better be made than with confidcrition of the na-
ture of law in general. Hocktr.

Here'op. ad'-j. [fe^ando/;] From this;
of this.
lUretf zotaa it that prince Harry is valiant.

Sbakifpeari,

Hereo'm. ad-v. [*wand«w.] Upon this.

If we Ihould ftriftly infift hereon, the poflibility
might fall into queftion. Bro-wn't Vulgar Errours.
HeREo'ut. ndi;. [here s.nA out,']

1. Out of this place.

A bird all white, well feather'd on each win?,
Hire-r.ut up to the throne of God did fly. Hfrn/er.

2. All the words compounded oi here and a
pn^pofition, except hereafter, are obfolete,
or obfolefcent ; never uJed in poetry, and
feldom in profe, by elegant writers, though
perhaps not unworthy to be retained.

Heremi'ticai.. adj. [It (hould be written
tremetical, from eremite, of I'fJi/*®-, a de-
fart ; heremetique, French. J Solitary ; fuit-
able to a hermit.'

You defcribe fo well your beremetical diit of life.
that none of the ancient anchorites could go beyond
you for a cave in a n>ck. Pofe.

He'resy. ». /. [here/e, French; harrefis,
Latin ; ijirij.J An opinion of private
men diflFerent from that of the catholick
and orthodox church.

Herefy prevaileth only by a counterfeit (hew of
Rafon, whereby notwithftanding it becometh in-
vincible, unlefs it be convicted of fraud by manifeft
remonftrance clearly true, and unable to he wiih-
»ood. Hooker.

As for fpeculative berefirs, they work mightily
upon men's wits ; yet do not produce great altera-
tions in Rates. Bacon.
Let the truth of that religion I profefs be repre-
fcnted to her judgment, not in the odious difgulfes of
levity, (chifm, berefy, novelty, cruelly, and didoy-
alty, f^i»g Cbarlei.
He'resiaRCH. ». /. [herejjarque, French:
M^tc-if ifX"" ] A leader in nerefy ; the
head ofti herd of hereticks.

The pope declared him not only an hcretick, but
an berefiarch, StHlitifJl.et.

HERETICK. ». /. [heretique, French;

iujiriiwi.]

1. One who propagates his private opinions
in oppofition to the catholick church.

Thele things would be prevented, if no known
irretick or fcliilmatick be lufTcred to go into thofc
countries. Bacon.

No hereiick] defire to fpread
. Their wild opinions like thefe Epicures. Daviei.

Bellarmin owns, that he has quoted a hereihk
jnfhad Ota father. Baker on Learning.

When a Papift ufes the word bereiUks, he gene-
rally means Proteftants ; when a Protcftant ul'cs the
word, he means any pcrfons wilfully and conten-
tiouHy obdinate in fundamental errours. kf'arti.

2. It is or has been ufed ludicroufly for any
one whofe opinion is erroneus.

1 rather will lufpefl the furi with cold
Than thee with wantonnefs; chy honour (lands.
In him that was of late an hereiick.
As firm as lailh. Shakejfeare .

Here'tical. adj. [from heretkk.\ Con-
taining herefy.
How exclude tbry us from being any part of the

HER

dniTch of Chrift under the colour of herefy, when'
they cannot but grant it polTible even for him to be
as touching his own perlonal perfuafion, heretical,
who, in their opinion, not only is of the church, but
holdeih the chiefeft place of authority over the fame f

Hooker.

Conllantinople was in an uproar, upon an ignorant

jealoufy that thofe words had fome icrr/zVa/ meaning.

Decay of Piety.

Here'tically. adv. [from heretical.]

With herefy.
Hereto', fli/f. [if« and ft.J Tothis; add

to this.
Heretofo're. ad-v, [hereto ini fore.] For-

merly; anciently.

1 have long defired to know you heretofore, with
honouring your virtue, tliough I love not your perfon.

Sidney,

So near is the canneflion between the civil (late

and religious, that beretofore^ou will find thegovern-

mcnt and the priedhood united in tlie fame perfon.

South.
We now can form no more
L6ng fchemcs of life, as heretofore. Svifi-

Hereunto', adv. [here and u/tto.] To
this.

They which rightly confider after what fort the
heart of tma hereunto is framed, mud ofnecefTtty
acknowledge, that whofo aflcnleth to the words of
eternal life, doth it in regard of his authority whofe
words they are. Hooker.

Agreeable hereunto might not be amifs to make
children often to tell a dory of any thing they know.

Locke.

Herewith, adv. [here and with.] With

this.

You, fair (ir,be notAfl-rtf/.'i difmay'd,
But conftant keep the way in which ye dand. Spenf.

Hernviib the cadlc of Hame was fuddcnly fur-
prifedbjf the Scots. Hayward.

He'riot. «./. [jOepejilb, Saxon.] A fine
paid to the lord at the death of a land-
holder, commonly the beft thing in the
landholder's poffeflion.

This he detains from the ivy ; for he (hould be the
true pofrelfory lord thereof, but the olive difpenfeth
with his confcience to pafs it over with a compli-
ment and an heriot CMtry year. Hov/el.

Though thou conlume but to renew.
Yet love, as lord, doth claim a heiioi due. Cleavel.

I took him up, as your heriot, with intention to
have made (he bed of him, and then have brought
the whole produce of him in a purfe to you. Dryd.
Hi'ritable. adj. [hares, Latin.] A per-
fon that may inherit whatever may be in-
herited.

By the canon law this Ton ftiall be ligitimate and
i.r//ai/<, according to the laws of England. Hale.

He'ritace. »./. [heritage, French.]

1. Inheritance; eftate devolved by fucccf-
fion ; eftate in general.

Let us our father's heritage divide. Hubbard.

He conliders that his proper home and heritage is
in another world, and therefore regards the events of
this, with the indifference of a guell that tarries but
a day. R'g'".

2. [In divinity.] The people of God.

O Lord, favc thy people, and blcfs thine heritage.
Common Prayer,

HERM A'PHRODITE. n,f [hermaphrodite,
French, from ifuivi and itPfoHr^.] An ani-
mal uniting two fexes.

Man and wife make but one right

Canonical hermafhrodite. Cleavetand.

Moiillrofity could not incapacitate from marriage,

witncfs hermaphrodites. Arbuthnet and Pofe.

Hermaphrodi'tical. adj. [{fomherma-

fhndite,] Partaking of both fexes.

There may be equivocal feeds and bermafhro-
ditical principles, that cODUin the radicality of dif-
ferent forms. Brcu-n.

HER

HERME'TICAL. 7 adj, [from Hermet, or
HERMETIC. I Mercury, the ima-

fincd inventor of chymiftry ; hermetique,
'rench.j Chymical.

An Hermet!cal(tn\, or to feat any thing heme-
tically, is to heat the neck of a glals 'till it is jud
ready to melt, and then with a pair of hot pincer*
twid it clofe together. Quincy.

The tube was clofed at one end with diachylon,
indead of an bermetical[ci\. Soy lei

Herme'tically. adv. [from hermetical,}
According to the hermetical or chemick
art.

He fufFered thofe things to putrify in bermetieally
fealed glaffes and velTels clofe covered with paper ;
and not only fo, but in vefTels co\'ered with fine lawn,
foas to admit the air, and keep out the infeAs : no
living thing was ever produced tliere. Bentlry.

HE'RMIT. n. f, [hermite, French; con-
trafled from eremite, i»i);*iVii4.]

I. A folitary ; an anchoret; one who re-
tires from fociety to contemplation and
devotion.

A wither'd hermit, fivefcore winters worn.
Might (hake oft 'fitly looking in her eye. Sbakcff,
'You lay this command upon me, to give you my

ror advice for your carriage in fo eminent a place;
humbly return you mine opinion, fuch as an hetmit
rather than a courtier can render. Bacon,

He had been duke of Savoy, and, after a very glo-
rious reign, took on him the habit of a hermit, and
retired into this folitary fpot. Aidifon on Italy.

'2. A beadfman ; one bound to pray for
another. Improper.

For thofe of old.
And the late dignities heap'd up to them,
We reft your hermits. Sbakefpeare,

He'rmitage. ». /. [hermitage, French.]
The cell or habitation of a hermit.

By that painful way they pafs
Forth to an hill, that was bolh deep and high ;

On top whereof a facrcd chapel was.
And eke a little hermitage thereby. Fairy Q^n,

Go with fpeed
To fome forlorn and naked hermitage.
Remote from all the pleafures of the world. Sbakefp.

And may at lall my weary age
Find out the peaceful hermitage.
The hairy gown and molfy cell,
Where 1 may fit and rightly fpell
Of ev'iy dar that hcav'n doth (liew.
And ev'ry herb that lips the dew. hriUon,

About two leagues from Fribouij we went to I'ec a
hermitage: it lies in the prettied folitude imaginable,
among woods and rocks. Addifon on Italy,

He'rmitess. ». y; [ixava hermit.] A wo-
man retired to devotion.

Hermitical. adj, [hovahermitP] Suitable
to a hermit.

He'rmodactyl. n,f, [fp'ju.Siand^a'xli'A®-.]
Hermoda^yl is a root of a determinate and regular
figure, and reprcfents the common figure of a heart
cut in two, from half an inch to an inch in length.
This drug was firll brought into medicinal ufe by the
Arabians, and comes Irom Egypt and Syria, where
the people ufe them, while frclh, as a vomit or purge;
and have a way of loading them for food, which they
eat in order to make themfclves fat. The diicd roots
arc a gentle purge, now little ufed. Hill,

He UN. ». / [Contrafted from Heron,
which fee. ]

Birds that are mod eafy to be drawn are the mal-
lard, fwan, hern, and bittern. Peacham.

He'knhill. n. f. [hern aaA hill,] An
herb. Ainfworlh.

HE'RNIA, n. f. ('Lat.] Any kind of rup-
ture, divcrfified oy the name of the part
affected.
A hernia would certainly fucceed. IfifcmaD'

HE'RO. »./. [biros, Latin ; if^]
I. A man eminent for bravery.

I fine

HER

I fiog of ieroet ind of Icings,
In mighty numbers mighty things, CcwUy.

Heroes in arimateJ marble frown. Pc^.

In this view he ccafes to be an hen, and his re-
turn is no longer a virtue. Pofe's OJyffry.

Thefe are thy honours, not that here tliy bull
Is mia'd with icrofct, orwi . kings thy dull. Pofe.

z, A man of the higheft clafs in any re-

fpeft ; as, a hero in learning.
He'roess. ». /. [from hero ; herois, Lat.]

A heroine ; a female hero. Not in ufe.

In whicli were held, by fad difeafe,
Henws and hero,Jf,s. Chafman.

Hero'ical adj. [from hert].\ Befittingan
hero; noble; lUuftrious ; heroick.

Mufidorus was famous over all Afia for his heroi-

cal enterprizes. Sidney.

Though you liave courage in an AfrorVa/ degree, I

afcribe it to you as your fecond attribute. Dryd.

HlRo'lCALLY.ff/fc. [from beroical.] Afler
the way of an hero ; fuitably to an hero.
Not beroically ia killing his tyrannical coufin.

Sidney.
Free from all meaning, whether good or bad ;
And in one word Ijtraically mad. Dryden.

Heio'ick. adj. [from hero; htroijue, Fr.]

1. Prodaftive of heroes.

Bolingbroke
From John of Gaunt doth bring Iiis pedigree.
Being but the fourth of thai btroick line. Shakefp.

2. Noble ; fuitabletoan hero ; brave ; mag-
nanimous j intrepid; enterpriiing ; illuf-
trious.

Not that which juftly give* berolrk name
To perfon, or topoem. Milion.

Vcrfe makes heri>ii.k virtue live.
But you can life to verfcs give. Waller.

3. Reciting the afts of heroes. Ufed of
poetry.

Meihinks heniek poefy, 'till now.
Like fome fantaftick fairy land did (how. Cmuley.

t have chofen the molt ieroick fubjeft which any
poet could defite : I have taken upon me to dcfcribe
the motives, ihe beginning, progrefs and fucceffcsof
a moA iuft and neceflary war. Dryden.

An beroitk poem isthegrealeft work which the
foul of man is capable to perform : the defign of it is
to form the mind to heroick virtue by example.

Dryden.
HE«o'icKLY«<fc. [frora;t<'n»/V;f.] Suitably
to an hero. Heroically is more frequent
and more analogical.

Kamfonhath quithimlelf
Like Samfon, and heroickly hath finilh'd
A life heroick. MHicn.

He'»oine.», / [from hero; henJne, Fr.]
A female hero. Anciently, according to
Engliih analogy, hemefi.

But inborn worth, that fortune can controul,
New-ftrung, and ftiffer bent hcrfol'ter foul ;
The heroine aiTum'd the woman's place.
Confirm 'd her mind, and fortify'd her face. Dryd.

Then Ihall the Britifl) ftage
More noble charaflen e«pofe to view,
And draw her finifli 'd heroines from you. Addifon.

lii'».oiSM. n./. [beroifme, Fr.] The qua-
lities or charafter of an hero.

IftheOjyfTey be lefs noble than the Iliad, it it
more inftruftive: the Iliad abounds wilh more
ier^i/m, this with more morality. Broome.

HERON. «./, [heron. Fr.]

1. A bird that feeds upon fifh.

So lords, with fport of ftag and heron full.
Sometimes we fee fmall birds from nefts dopull.
_., , Sidney.

The heron, when (he foareth high, (beweth winds.
- , Bacon.

2. It IS now commonly pronounced /^f/-».

The tow'ring hawk let fjiure poets fing,
Who terror b;ars upon his foaring wing ;
Let them on high the frighted hern furvey,
All4lolt7 Dumbctsfamt then »iry fray. Cay.

HER

Hk'RONRY. 1 n.f. [itomheroH, cora-

He'ronshaw, J monly pronounced <5fra-

ry.'] A place where herons breed.

They carry their load to a large heronry above

three miles. ^ Derham'sPhyftca-'Tbeilory.

He'rpes. [»./. «i«ri{,] A cutaneous in-
flammation of two kinds : miliaris, or
pujlularis, which is like millet-feed upon
the ikin ; and excedens, which is more
corrofive and penetrating, fo as to form
little ulcers. ^incy.

A farther progrefs towards acrimony maketh a
herpes ; and, if the accefs of acrimony be very great
it maketh an herpes excedens. If'ifeman's Surgery.

He'rring. n.f. [^ari»»f, French ; haepins,
Saxon.] A fmall fea ii(h.

The coaft is plentifully ftored with round (i(h,

pilchard, herring, mackrel, and cod. Carevj.

Buy my herring frcfh. Stvifi.

Hers. fron. The female pofleffive ufed
when it refers to a fubftantive goin
before : as, this is her houfe, this nou '
is hers. See her.

How came her eyes I'o bright ? not with fait tears ;
If fo, my eyes are oftner walh'd than hers. Shak.

Whom ill fate would ruin, it prefers j
For all the miferable are made hers. Waller.

I fee her rowlingeyes ;
And panting, lo ! the god, the god, Ihe cries ;
With words not hers, and more than human found.
She makes th'obedientghofts peep trembling ihrx) ugh
the ground. Rojcommm.

HERSE. n. f. [her/m, low Latin ; fup-
pofed to come from hepian, to praife.]
This is likewife written hearfe ; fee
hearse.

I. A temporary monument raifed over a
grave.

z. The carriage in which coipfes are drawn
to the grave.

When mourning nymphs attend their Daphnis'
herfe.
Who does not weep that reads the moving verfe ?

Rojcon.
On all the line a fudden vengeance waits.
And frequent berfes (hail bclicge your gates. Pof.e.

To H ERSE. -v. a. [from the noun.] To
put into an herfe,

I would my daughter were dead at my foot, and

the jewels in her ear. O, would (lie were bers'd

at my foot, and the ducatf in hercoffin. Sh.ikrfp.

The Grecians fpitefully drew from the darts the

corfe.

And Arri'i/itbearingit lofleet. Chapman.

The houfc-is i.rj'.i'aboul with a black wood.
Which oods with many a heavy-headed tree.

Crajbenv,

Herself, pronoun.

1. A female individual, as diHinguilhed
from others.

The jealous o'er-wom widow ycAherfelf,
Since that our brother dubb'd them gentlewomen.
Are mighty golTips in this monarchy. Shalie/p.

2. Being in ber own power; mirtrefs of
Her own thoughts.

The more (lie looks, the more her fears increafe.
At nearer fight j and (he's her/elf the lefs. Dryden.

3. 'ihe oblique cafe of the reciprocal pro-
noun ; as, ihe hurt hcrfelf.

The daughter of Pharaoh came dawn to wj(h
berfelf. Exodus.

She returned anfwer to berfi If, "fudges.

He'rselike.*^'. {herJejsniiUkc.l fune-
real ; fuitahle 10 funerals.

Even in the Old Teftament, if you liften fo Da-
vid's harp, you (hall hear as many berjjike airs as
carols. Bacon.

To Hi. RY. 1/. a. [hepian, Saxon, to praife,
to celebrate.] To hallow; to regard as
holy. Now no longer in ufe.

H E T

Thenot, now 'tis the time of merrymake.
Nor Pan to bery, nor with love to play ;

Like mirth in May is meeteft for to make,
Or fummer (hade, under the cocked hay. Sfert/er,

But were tliy years green as now be mine.
Then would '(I thou learn to carol of love.
And bery with hymns thy lafs'sglove. Spenfer.

Hesitancy, n. /. ^irom hejttale.] Du-
bioufnefs ; uncertainty; fufpence.

The reafon of ray brfiiancy about the air is that V
forgot to try whether that liquor, which fliot into
cryftals, eipofed to the air, would not have done the
like in a veffel accurately flopped.

Boyle.
Some of them reafoned without doubt or hefiiancy,
and lived and died in fuch a manner as to Ihow that
they believed their own reafonings.
^ ..„, Aiierbury,

To HE'SITATE. -v. a. {haftto. Latin ; he-
//^/-.French.] To be doubtful ; to de-
lay ; to paufe ; to make difficulty.

A fpirit of revenge makes him curfe the Gieciant
in tlie fcventh book, when they hefitate to accept
Heftor's cliallenge. Pofe,

Willing to wound, and yet afraid to (Irike,
Juft hint a fiult, and hcfitaie didike ;
Alike referv'd to blame or to commend,
A tim'rous foe, and a fufpicious friend. Pope,

Hesita'tion. 7i.f. [from hejitate.']
I. Doubt ; uncertainty; difficulty made.

I cannot forefee the difficulties and hefitations of
every one : they will be more or fewer, according
to the capacity o*' each perufcr.

IVoodnvard's Natural llijlary.

z. Intermiffion of fpeech; want of volubi-
lity.

Many deigymen write in fo diminutive a manner,
with fuch frequent blots and interlineations, that
they are hardly able to go on without perpetual he-
fitations. Stuift. .

H EST. »./ [hsfr, Saxon.] Command;,
precept; injunftion. Obfolete, or writ-
ten behejl. 1

Thou doft afflia the not deferver.
As him that doth thy lovely hefts defpife. Spenfer.

Thou waft a fpirit too delicate
To a6l herearU;y and abhorr'd commands,
Refufing her grand hefis. Shahrp.

HETEROCLITE. n. f.\heteroditc, Fr.
heleroclitum, Latin ; ij-«(»5 and xAivw.]

1. Such nouns as vary from the common
forms of declenfion, by any radundancy,
defeft or otherwife. Clarke,

The helerocliie nouns of the Latin (hould not be
touched in the firft learning of the rudiments of the
tongue. IVaitf.

2. Any thing or perfon deviating from the
common rule.

Heterocli'tical. adj. [£tomhelerecltte.]
Deviating from the common rule.

In the mention of (ins bcltroclitical, and fuch as
wanteiiher name or precedent, there is oft times.a
(in, even in their hiftories. Brown.

He'terodox. adj. \helerodoxe, French ;
i'rfj®^ and io%x.\ Deviating from the
eftabiifhed opinion ; not orthodox.

Partiality may be obferved in fome to vulgar, in
others to heterodox tenets. Locke.

He'terodox. n f. An opinion peculiar.

Not only a fimple heterodox, but a very hard
paradox it will fecm, and of great abfuidity, if we
fay attraflion is unjufHy appropriated imto the load-
ftonc. liroivn's Vulgar Errourj.

HeterOCe'neal. adj. \hetcrogene, Fr.
«Tif«5 and yi>i!5.] Not 01 '
ture ; not kindred

Let the body adjacent and ambient be not com-
material, but merely hettrogeneal towards the body
that is to be preferved : fuch are quickfilver and
white .imbcr to herbs and flics. Bacon.

The light wkofc rays are all alike refrangible, I
call fioiplc, homogcneal, ;ind fimilar; and that

wfaofo

HEW

whofe nj* tit fome more lefrangible than ethcrSi
I call compound, httcrogeat^l, and diQimilar.

Nnvten.

Heterogene'ity. h. f. [hftertgeHcite ,
French, from heterogtneous.^

1. Oppofition of nature; contrariety or
diffimilitude of qualities.

2. Oppofiteor diflimilar part.

Ouxiacum, humt iviih an open fire in a chimney,

is fequcftered into aflie^inJ fiMt; whereas the fame

■wood, diftilled into a retort, does yield far other

helercgrneilifs, and is refolved into oil, fpirit, vine-

. gar, water and charcoal. Boy/f.

HETEROGE'NEOUS. adj. [ ?r.j.< and
yi'«<.] Not kindred ; oppofiie or dif-
iimilar in nature.

I have obferved fuch bfiengr/iKus bodies, which I
ibund included in the mafs of this fandftone.

HeTERo'sCIANS. » /. \iri(ei and «■»».]
Thofe whofe fhadows fall only one way,
as the fhadows of us who live north of
the Tropick fall at noon always to the
North.

7« HEW. ■:;. a. part, hnvti, or hpwed.
[|}ea])an, Saxon ; hauiven, Dutch,]

1. To cut by blows with an edged inftru-
ment ; to hack.

Upon the joint the lucky ftecl did light.
And made fuch way that bcw'd it ijuiie in twain.

Sfenfer.
Ihad purpofe
Once more to briu thy target frflhi thy brawn.
Or lofe my arm for't. Shakefftare.

He was hnun in pieces by Hamilton's friends.

liayward.

One Vane was fo grievoully brum, that many

Ihoufands have died of lefs tlian half his hurls,

whereof he was cured. Hayv>ard.

2. To chop ; to cut.

He from deep wells with engines water drew.
And us'd hit noble hands the wood iobevi. Dryd.

X. To cut, as with an axe ; with the par-
ticles dwon, when it fignifies to fell ; up,
to excavate from below ; cff, to feparate.

He that depends
Upon your favours, fwims with fins of lead.
And ;6ra/i </<«>» oaks with rulhes. Shakefp,

Brave followers, yonder Aands the thorny wood.
Which, by the heav'ns ainilance and your lliength,
Muft by the roots be brum up yet ere night.

Shakefpeart.
Scarce can T fpeak, my choler is fo great :
Oh ! I could btw up rocks, and fight with flint.

Shakefp.
Yet (hall the axe of juftice ,6ru>him dciun.
And level with the root his lofty crown. Sandyt.

He from the mountain beiving timber tall.
Began tobuildaveffclofhugebulk. Mi'/itm,

We*ll force the gate wheie Marcus keeps hisguard.
And bnu doxvn aU that would oppofe our paHTage.

Addi/ort.

4. To form or Ihape with an axe : with out.

Thou haft hevfedl\itt out a fcpulchre here, as he
thjt heaved, him out a fcpulchre on high. J/, xxii.

Nor is it fo proper to brw out religious rclbrma-
tions by the fword, as to polilh them by fair and
equal difputatiuns. K. Cb.

This river rifes in the very heart of the Alps, and
has a long valley that fccms bfwx tut on purpofe to
give its waters a paffage amidll fo many rocks.

Addijan on Italy.

5. To form laborioufly.

The gate was adamant { eternal frame ;
Which bfw'd by Mars himfclf, from Indian quar-
ries came,
Thelabour of agod. Drydin't FaUri.

Next unto biickt are preferr'd the fquwe biwn
ftonc. Mori.

I now pafs mj days, sot ftudious nor idle, rather
foliibing sld works than bcwing out mvi.

Feft It Swift.

H I B

He'whii. h. f. [from *<»tf.] One whofe
employment is to cut wood or (lone.

At the building of Solomon's temple there were
fourfcore thoufand bnveri in the mountains.

Brou-n .

f lE'XAGON. »./. [hfxagone, French ; i'J
and yW«.] A figure of fix fides or an-
gles : the tnoft capacious of all the figures
that can be addcii to each other without
any intcrtlice ; and therefore the cells in
honey-combs are of that form.

Hexa'conal adj. [from htrxagon.^ Ha-
ving fix fides or corners.

As for the figures of cryllal, it is for the moft part
bex agonal, or fix-cornered . ^> o !*"'•

Many of ihcm (hoot into regular figures ; as cryftal
and bnllatd diamonds into brxagonal. Ray.

Hexa'gony. n. f. [from hexagon.'\ A
figure of fix angles.

Wtien I read in St. Ambrofe of hexagoKies, or

fexanfular cellars of bees, did 1 therefore conclude

that they were mathematicians ? Bramb.

Hexa'meteR. n.f. [«1 and /^irfsr.] A

verfe of fix feet.

The Latin A«a«nrt<T has more feet than the En-
glilh heroick. ^^ DryJ'".

Hexa'ngu LAR. adj. [«| and anguJus,LM..']
Having fix comers.

Hexangutar fprigs or (hoots of cryftal.

IVoodivard.

He'xapod. ». /. [it and »«J'««.J An ani-
m.il with fix feet.

I take thofc fo have been the bexapodt, from
which the greater fort of beetles come ; for that fort
o( bcxapods are eaten in America. Ray.

Hexa'stick.w./. [?5 and s-i';e"<.] Apoem

of fix lines.
Hey. irt/rrj. [Tromhigh.] An expreflion of

joy, or mutual exhortation ; the contrary

to the Latin hei.
Shadwcll from the town retires,

Toblefs the town with peaceful lyiick ;

Then biy forpraife and panegyrick. Prior.

He y'u AY. ;«/«/'. [for A;j;A-</<y.] An ex-
preflion of frolick and exultation, and

fometimes of wonder.

Thoul't fay anon he is fome kin to thee.
Thou fpend'll fuch bryday wit in piaifing him.

' J J <: Shakefp.

'Twas a ftranje riddle of a l.idy, '
Not love, if any lov'd her, beyday ! Hudibrafs.

Hey'day. »./. A frolick ; wildnefs.

At your age
The beyday in the blood is tame, it's humble.
And waitsupon the judgement. Shakefp.

He'ydegives. n.f. A wild frolick, dance.
Obfolete.

But friendly fairies met with manygraces.
And light-fool nymphs can chafe the ling'ring night
With beydegives, and trimly trodden traces. Sperff.

Hia'tion. »./. [from bio, Lat.] The art
of gaping.

Men obferving the continual blation, or holding

open the camclion's mouth, conceive the intention

thereof to receive the aliment of air ; but this is alfo

occafioned by the greatnefsof the lungs. tiroivn.

Hia'tus. n.f. [>ii/a/«», Latin.J

1. An aperture ; a gaping breach.

Thofe biatLt'tire at ihe bottom of the fea, where-
by the abyfs below opens into and communicates
with it. H^ood-icard.

2. The opening of the mouth by the fuc-
ceflion of an initial to a final vowel.

The biatui (hould be avoided with more care in
poetry than in oratory ; and I would try to prevent
it, unlefi where the cutting it o(f is more prejudiiial
to the found than the biatm itfelf. r<,pe.

Hibe'rnal. adj. [kibernus, Lat.] Belong-
ing to the Winter. ^
Thisftat (hould lathertnanifcft \a wanningpowcr

HID

in the Winter when it remains conjoined with th«
fun in its hibernal converfion. Brou'H.

HICCIUS DOCCIUS n. f. [Corrupted, I
fancy, from hk eft do Hut, this, or here is
the learned man. ITed by jugglers of
themfelves.] A cant word for a juggler;
one that pl:iys fall .nnd loofe.

An old dull (('t, who told the clock
For many years at Briilewcll dock.
At Wcftmir.ftcrand Hid t's hall.
And biccius do^ciui play'd in all ;
Where, in all governments and tirae',
H' had been boili friend and foe ro crimes. IluJii.

HicCo'ucH. n. f. [hicken, D.inifh.] A
convulfionof the (lorr.ach producing fobs.

Soby anahbey'»(keIcton of late
I heard an cchofupercrogate
Through impcifcilion, and the voice reftore.
As if Ihe had the bicctugb o'er and o'er. Cleavel.

Sneezing cureth the ^/V^0«^^, and is proht.nble
unto women in hard labour. Bro^un^s Vulgar Err.

If the liomach be hurt, fingultus or biciougb fol-
lows, lyifeman.

To Hi'ccough. 'V. n. [from the noun.]
To fob wiihcon\ ulfion of the ftomach.

To Hi'cKUH. f. ». [corrupted from ^V-
cough.'] To fob with a convulfed ftomach.

Quoth he, to bid me not to love.
Is to foibid my pulfe to move.
My beard to grow, my cars to prick up.
Or, when I 'm in a fit, to bickup. Hudibrafs.

Hl'CKWALL. I /• A I • J J- r I

Hi'cKWAY. }'•/• ^^''^- ^"•f'^or'l''

Thus fame OiaH be atchicv'd, renown on earth ;
Ani whatmofl merits fame, in (ilcnce '6/</. MiltoHm

Oi\\tx bidden caufe
Left them fuperior, MHtan*

N.iture and narure'slaws Uy bid tonight :
Cod faid, Let Newtocibe, and all was light. Popf,

Hii rcafons arc as two grains of wheat bid in two
buthels of chaff. iiixzk'fp. Meicbant ofVenice*

Nile hears him knocking at his fev'nfold gatesi
And leeks his bidden fprJng, and fears his nephew?
fates. Dvydfn,

Thus the fire of gods and men below :
What I have biddetiy hope aot tliou to know. Dryd,

The fcv'ral parts lay bidden in the piece ;
Th' occafion but cxencd that, or this. Dryd,

Seas hid wnh navies, chat lots paiTmgo'er
The channel, on a bridge from fhore to (hore. D^yd,

With what allonifhment and veneration may we
look into our own fouls, where there arc fuch bid"
den itorc; of virtue and knowledge, fuch inczhaulied
fources of pcrfettion ? Addi/om,

To HIDE. 'V. a, preter; hid \ part. paff. hid
ox hidden, [))iban, Saxon, j To conceal
to withold or withdraw from fight or
knowledge.

Avaunc, and quit my fight ; let (he eat^h kidt
thee ! ShaJte/p,

Then for my corps a homely gra\*e provide.
Which love and mc from public kfcorn may bidf, |

Drydffr,

The crafty being makes a much longer voyage
than Ul^lTes, puts in pradlice many mc^e wiles, and
bides himfelfundera greater variety of Ihapes.

Addi/QH.

Hell trembles at the fight, and hides its head
In utmofl darknefs, while on earth e.ich heart
Is hll'd with peace. Rcwe*! Royal Con^'ert,

To Hide- o;. n- To \yc hid; to be coa-
cealecL

A fox, hard run» begged of a countryman to help
him to fome bidi*tg pUcc L* Efirange*

Our bolder talents in full view difplay'd ;
Your virtues open faircft in the (hade :
Bied to difguifc, in publick 'tis you bide^
Where nnoc dii^lnguifh 'twixt your Ihamc and pridr,
Wcakncls or delicacy. Pofe.

Hide and Seek, n^J, A play in which fome
hide themfelves, and another feeks them.

The

/?

H I D

The boys and girls would venture to come and
play at bijr ar.Jferk in my hair. Gulliver's Trav.

Hide. »./. [jJySe, Saxon; haude Dutch.]
1. The (kin of any animal, either raw or
dreffed.

The trembling n-e*«on pad
Through nine bull^iVn, each under other plac'd
On his broad Ihicld. Dryden,

Pifiltratus was (irll tografp their hands.
And fprcad iott hidct upon the yellow lands, Ptfpe,

2. The liuman ikin : in contempt.

Oh, tyger's heart, wrapt in a woman's hide '.
How could 'it thou drain the life-blood of the child ?

Shakf/j,.
His mantle, now his bide, with rugged hairs
Cleavcsto his back ; a familhedface he bears.

Dryden.

3. A certain quantity of land. [Hide.hyde,
French ; hida, barbarous I^tin, as much
as one plough can till.] Ainfiuorth.

One of the fartl things wjs a more particular inqui-
fition than had been before of every hide of land
ujthin the precincts of hi> ceoqueli, and bow ihcy
were holdcn. Ifntsii.

Hidebou'nd. adj. [hideTtnA bound.']

1. A horfc is faid to be ^/(/cissWwhen his
Ikin (licks fo hard to his ribs and back,
that you cannot with your hand pull up
or loofen the one from the other. It
fomctiraes comes by poverty and bad
keeping ; at other times from over-
riding, or afurfeit. Earner's Did.

2. In trees.] Being in the (late in which the
bark will not give way to the growth.

A toot of a tree may be hiitliound, but it will not
keep open without fomcwhatpul into it. Bacoit.

L;kc ttinted bidebcund trees, thatjult have got
Suflicicni fjp at once to bear and lot. ifwifi.

3. Harih ; untraAable.

And rtill the harihcr and bidebounder
The damfcis prove, become the fonder, iludibrai.

4- Niggardly ; penurious ; parfimonioas.

Ainjivorth.
HI'DE()US. adj. [hideux, Fr.]
I. Ho.-rihle; dreadful; Ihocking.

1' he could liave turned himfclt' to as mcny forms
as Proteiii, every form (hould have been made ^/.
deom. Sidney.

Soire monfter in thy thoughts,
'Joo bide(,iii to be (hewn. Sbakrfp. Oibelle,

1 rtcd, and cry'd out death !
Hell trembled at the hideous name and ftgh'd
From all her caves, and back rtfouudcd, death.

Millar,.

Her eye< giew ftiffin'd, and with fulphur burn ;
Her hideous loo'ics and hcHilh form return \
Her curling fnakes withhiifings hll the flace,
Aiid open M the lories ol her tace. Dryden.

2. It is commonly ufed of rifible objetts :
the folIoN^ing ufe islcftauthjrifed.

Tis lofced through the hiatules at the bottom of
the fca with fuch \eheii.ence, that it (usil.e fta
it.to the mod lu>rriblc Uifordt-r, iriakirg it rage and
roar with a molt hideous and amazing ttoife.

t1\:ijtvard's ,Vj|, llif.rjy.

3. It is ufcd by Spcn('cr in a Itnle not
now retained ; dctenable

O hid", 1/1 hanger of duminiun .' Sfenfer.

IW.iioviLy. adv. [from W<s«/.] iior-
ribly ; dreadtuily ; in a inaiincr that
Ihoc'vS.

i aim myfclf
To welcome the condition of the lime j
Which caoiiiit look more bidecujly on me,
'i hen I have drawn it in my lantafy. Shakiffeare.
This in the prefi:nt applKaiion, is bidmnjly aja-
6ne; but ihc fciife is intelligible. Collitr'i Urftr.ce
Hi'deousnkss. *. /. [from hide<,us.'\ Hor-

riblencfs ; dreadfulncfs : tcrrour.
Hi'der.w./. [from the vcib.j He that
biJcs.

H I E

To Hie. i-. n. [jjiegan. Saxon.]
I . To haften ; to go in haile.

When they had maik'dthe changed fkies.

They wjit their hour was Ipent; then each to reft

him A;>j. Fuiry ^ueen.

My will is even this.

That piefciUly yon hie you home to bed. Sbakefp.

Well, 1 will *,>, -"^

And fo beftow thcA; papers as you bade me. Shak.

Some 10 the Oioies do fly.
Some to the words, or whither fear advis'd ;
But running from, all to deftruiaion hie. Daniel.

The Inake no fooncr hirt.
But virtue hcar'd it, anil a*ay (he hy'd. Crajha-ui.

Thither, full iVaught with miiVhievous revenge,
Acoirs'd, and in a curled hour, he hies. Milton.

Thus he advis'd me, on yon aged tree

Hang up ihy lute, and hie ihce tn the fea. tyuller.

\ The youth, rtturniiig to liii milhcfs, bi^s. Dryd.

2. It was anciently ufed with or without

the reciprocal jironoun. It is now almoft

obfolete in all its ufes.

Aiiltejfpy'd him j
Cruel Aufter thither i/Vhim. Cra/haiv

Hl'KR.-iRCH. «.y. [;',f(^ and if^i ; hi.
trarjue, Fr.j 'Ihe chief of a facred order.

Angels, by imperial fummoiis call d.
Forthwith from all theendsof heav'nappear'd,
Under their bieraichs in orders bright. Milion

Hukk'kchic.kl. adj. [h.erarchique, Fr.j
Belonging to facred or ecclefialUcal go-
vernment.

Hi'ERAacHY. «./. [hierarchie. French.]

I. A facred government; rank or fubordi-
nation of holy beings.

Out of the A/fijrr//;>j of angels (heen.
The gentle Gabiiel call'd he from the reft. Fairfax.

He rounds the air, and breaks the hymnick notes
In b rds, heav'n's thoiilfcrs, or^anick throats ;
Which, il they did not die, might f,:em to be

Donne

H I G

con(e<ju«nrfy if Jj againft all the rules o( ilcrogly/,6

Sw//i.
/od/. \hieroglyphiqHe,

J French; from the

A lentil rank in the heavenly A/Vraiciy.

Jehovah, from the fuinmit of the (ky,
Ei.v ran'd wiih his winged hierarchy,
Th; world furvey'J.

Thcfe the (upreme king
Exalted tofich pow'r, and gave to rule.
Each in his bi.ratcLy, t le orders bright ,.

The blelTeJcil ot mortal wights, no* quellionlcfs

Sandys.

Mil lot.

erarchy, began to

the highelt taint m the celeftial hie,
be fo importuned, th.,t .1 great part of the dniae li-
turgy was aUdielTcd folely lo her. Hoviel.

:. FcclelialUcal eilablifiiment.

The pielbytery had mire (Vmpathy with the dif-
cipliue of Scotland ihau the hicarcby ol England.

While the old Levitical hierarchy continued, it
was part of the mmillcrial office to (lay the f.icri-

SyUih.

fict

Confiderwhat I have written, from regard lor
the church eiUblilhed under the hierarchy ot bilhops.

HIKROGLY'PH. ■> „. /. [hieroJ/Zt]
HIEROGLY'l'HICK. I French; /^«,

facred, and y^jipu, to carve]
I. An emblem ; a figure by which a word
was implied. Hieroglyph ickt wtre ufed
before the alphabet was invented. li,e-
roilyph fcems to be the proper fubflan-
tivi: and hieroglyphick thcadjeftirc.

This bitroglyphuk of tlie Egyptians was ercflcd
for parental attedioii, manilctlcU in the protcaion
ol her joung ones, when her iiell was fet on fire.

ISro-wn'i fulgar Errours.
A lamp amongft the Egyptians is the -ieryfrUphick
°^!l''- „^ ffiliin.-s iMdulus.

The Btft wriung man ufed was only the finglc
piiluies and gravings of the things they wjuld re.
prclent, which w:iy of exprelTion v/as afterwards
calkd Ueroilyphick. tP-ood-ward.

Between Uie ftaiues obclifks wereplac'u,
And the learn 'd walls with hirrogly^biikt^fit'i.

:. 7 he art of writing in pidlure.

No brute cat) endure the Ulfc of ftrong tiiiiior, and

to aflign any animals as patrons of pm ch
Hierogly'phical. \adi. (Hero
Hierogly'phick

noun. J

1. Charged with hieroglyphical fculpture,

in ^^'^!'','*"'^^"'''» ft»'«'y ii^rog/yphical obe-
li* of Theban marble. San^s's Travel..

2. iimblematical ; expreffivc of fome meaix-
ing beyond what immediately appears.

Th' Egyptian ferpent figures time,
And, ftripp'd, returns into his prime ;
\tmy affettion, thou would'll win,
Firit call thy hieroglyphick Ikin. CleaveUnd.

1 lie original ot the conceit was probably i/<,».
glyphcal, •.•^\^^c:<n afrer became mythological, and.
by a procefs of tradition, Hole into a tolal verity!
which was but partly true in its morality.

Broiun'i Vulgar Errours.
HiEROGLY'rHICALLY. adv. [from hie.
roglypkical] Emblematically,

Others have fpoken emblematically and hiero.

glypb.cally as the Egyptians, and the phtrnij wa»

the hieroglyphick of the fun. Bro-wn.

HlERO'GRAPHY. „./. [Ifllf and vg»<f>«.'\

Holy writing.

Hie'rophant. «. /. [!if6<pu,T<K.] One
who teaches rules of religion; a prieft.

Herein the wantonnefs of poets, and the crafts of
their heathetiifh pricils and hierofbants, abundantly
gratified the fancies of the people. /i^//

To HIGGLE 'V. n. [of. uncertain etymo-
logy, probably corrupted from haggle.]
I. To cha(fer ; to be penurious in a bargain.
In good offices and due retributions we may not
be pinching and niggardly : it argues an ignoble
mind, where we have wronged, to higgle and dodee
in the amends. Hala

Bafe Ihou art ; '

To higgle thus for a few blows,

"^^u"' !l'''u'"''l''.' ",' "P"'''"' '>""'■=• fJudibras.

Why all this higgling with thy friend about fuch

a piltry fum? Does this become the genero(ity of

the noble and rich John Bull. Arbmbnot.

2. To go felling provifions from door to
door. This feems the original mean-
ing, fuch provifions being cut into fmall
quantities.

Higgledy-piggledy. o<fo. A cant word,

corrupted from higgle, which denotes any

contufed mafs, as higglers carry a huddle

of provifions together.

H 1 'c c L E R . ». /. [from higgle.] One who

fells provifions by retail.
HIGH. adj. [hcah, Saxon; hoogh, Dutch.]
I . Long ujjwards ; rifing above from the
furface, or from the centre; oppofcd ta
deep, or long drnx-niuard.

Their .•\r.dcs, or momtaiiis, were far higher than
tho.ewithusj whereby the remnants of the Eer.cin-
tioi! of men were, in fuch a particular deluge, faved.

—L f , ' c . Baeon.

The higher pirts of the earth being continualiy
fpendiiig, and the lower continually gaining, they
mult ot iitceliity at length come to an ecjuality.

Butnel'slbeory.

2. Elevated in place ; raifed aloft: oppofed

to /ttr.

'Ihcy that ftand high have many blalls to (hake
them.
Anil if they tall they dafh themlelvcs to pieces.

^. , ^ , •*'*'"«• Hic/.'ard III.

High o'er their heads a mould'nng rock upljc'd.
That promifes a fall, and ihakes ale v'ry Wall. Z/iju^.

Reafon elcvaics our thoughts as high as the ftars,
and leads us thniugh the vjll fpaces of this migbiy
fabrick ; jet it comes far IhoU o/the real eiient of
even corpoiial being. JLockr.

3. Exalted in nature.

The hightjl faculty of the foul. Baxhr.

4, Elevated

fl I G

4. Elevated in rank,, or condition : as, %* I

^He wooes both bigi and low, both riA and poor. 1

SoaKeJffare*
O mortals! blind in fatf, who never know
To bear t!gb fortune, or endure the low. Drjitloi.
c. Exalted in fentiment.

Solomon liv'd at eafe, nor aim'd beyond
Higirr defign than to enjoy his ftate. Milton.

6. Difficult ; abftfufe.

They meet to hear, and anfwer fuch M things.

7. Boaftful; oftentatious. •
' His forces, after all the i/^* difcourfes, amounted

really but to eighteen hundreti foot. Clarendon.

8. Arrogant ; proud ; lofty.
The governor made himfeU merry w.th his b-gh

and threatening language, and fent '""i «°'^^'
would neither give nor receive quarter. Clarendon.

Q. Severe ; oppreflive.

^ When there appeareih on either Gde a h-gb hand,
violent profecution, cunning »dva"tages taken, and
combinaiion, then is the virtue of a judge feen. Bacon.

JO. Noble; illuftrious.

Trull me, 1 am exceeding weary.

. 1 had thought wearinets durft not have attacked

fo bls-b blood-lt doth me, though it difcolourj the
compleftion of my greatncfs to *''^''*'|J|'i,^^„„

1 1 . Violent ; tempeftuous ; loud.- Applied
to the wind.

More (hips in calms on a deceitful coaft.
Or unfeen rocks, than in hgb ftorms are lort. Denh.
Spiders cannot weave their nets m a b,gb wind.

At length the winds ae rais'd, the ftotm blows

Be it yfur care, my friends, to keep it "P

In its full fury. , , Add.fon i taio.

12. Tumultuous; turbulent; ungovern-
able.

Not only tears .

Rain'd at their eyes, but high winds wotfe within,
Begantorife; %Apaffions, anger^
Miftruft, fufpicion, difcord, hate, (hook lore
Their inward ftate of mind. ^f'""'-

Can heav'nly minds fuch high refenunent (how,
Or eiercile their fpite in human woe > Uryden.

\x. Full; complete: applied to time ; now
ufed only in curfory fpeech.

Higb time now 'gan it wax for Una f.v.r, _
To think of thofe her captive parents dear, tairy^.

Sweet warriour, when (hall I have peace wuh you ?
Higb time it is this war now ended were. Sftnjtr.

It was bigb time to do fo, for it was now ceitaui
that forces were already upon their march towards
the Weft. , Clarendon.

It was bigb time for the lords to look about them.

Clarendon,

14. Rais'd to any great degree: 2.% high
pleafure; high luxury; a high perform-
ance ; a hi^ colour.

Solomon liv'd at eafe, and full
Ofhonour, wealth, %A fare. M,Um.

tUrb fauces andfpices are fetch'd from the Indies.
' Baker.

I c. Advancing in latitude from the line.
They are forced to take their courfe either bigb
to the North, or low to ihe South. _ Abbot.

16. At the moft perfed ftate ; in the men- |
dian : as, by the fun it is high noon :
whence probably the forej,oing expref-
fion, high time.

It is yet high day, neither is it time that the
cattle ftiould be gathered. _ Crw.xxix. 7.

J 7. Far advanced into antiquity.

The nominal obfervation of the feveral days of

the week is very higb, and as old as the ancient

BCTPtians, who named the fame according to the

fe«n planets. ■B"'^''-

18. Dear; exorbitant in price.

If they muft be good at lo high a rale, they know
they »ay be faie at a chcajwr. *<""«•

H I G

10. Capiul; great; opjpofed to little : as,
high trcafon, in oppoUtion to peiij.

High. w. /. High place; elevation; fu-
periour region : only ufedwith^/oai and

Which when the king of Gods beheld from bigh,

Hefigh"''- . . r ^''"^'""

0«HiGK. Aloft; above; into fupcnour

regions.

Wide is the fronting gate, and tailed on btgb.
With adamantine columns threats the iky. Dryden

High is much ufed in compofition wuh

variety of meaning.
Hjgh-blest. aaj. Supremely happy.
The good which we enjoy from heav'n delccnds;

But that from us ought Ihould afcend to Heav'n,

So prevalent, as to concern the mind

Of God higb-iUJi, or to incline his will,

Haid to belief may feem. . Milmi.

Hi'gh-blown. Swelled much with wind;
much inflated.

1 have ventur'd.
Like little wanton boys that fwim on bladders,
Thcfc many Summers on a fea of glory ;
But far beyond my depth: my iijA-i^w» pride
At length broke under me, and now has lell roc,
Weary, and old with fetvice, to the mercy
Of a rude llream, that muft for ever hide me. Shak

Hi'gh-born. Of noble extraiiiou.
Caft round your eyes
Upon the bigh-born beauties of the court ;
Tliere chufe lome worthy partnetof your heart. «<>Vf.

Hi'gh-built. adj.

1 . Of lofty ftrufture.

1 know him by his ftride.
The giant Harapha of Gath ; his look
Haughty as is his pile, bigh-budt and proud. Milton.

2. Covered with lofty buildings.

In dreadful wars
The high-built elephant his caftle rears.
Looks down on man below, and fttikes tlie ftars.

Creech.

High-co'loureD. Havingadeeporglaring

colour.

A lever in a rancid oily blood produces a fcorbutic
fever, with i/gi-«/o»«<' urine, and fpots in the Ikin.

Ftoyer.

High-designing. Having great fcheraes.

His warlike mind, his foul devoid of fear,
His high.dtfigning thoughts were figured there.

Dryden.

Hi'gh-fed. Pampered.

A favourite mule, high-fed, and in the pride of
flefti and mettle, would itiU be bragging of his family.

L'EJIrange.

High-fla'ming. Throwing the flame to

a great height,

I lecatombs of bulls to Ne( tune (lain,
Uleh- flaming, pleafethe monarch of the main. Fope.

HiGH-Fi.iER. «./• One that carries his
opinions to extravagance.

ihe openly proielTeth herfelf to he i high-fier ;
and it is not improbable (he may alfo be a Papift at

h iilll/t.

High-flown, fli^". [high and fnva, from

1. Elevated; proud. •
This llift' neck'd pride nor art nor force can bend.

Nor high-jfiown hopes to Reafon's lute defcend.

Denham,

2. Turgid; extravagant.

This fable is a bigb-Jcvjn hyperbole upon the mi-
ferics of marriage. . VEjirange.

High-flying. Extravagant in claims or
opinions.

Clip the wings , , „ -,

Of their i;g/j-/)'"''iarbitrary kings. Dryden iVvrgtI.

HlGH-HEAPED. adj.

I. Covered with high piles.

The plenteous boatd high-heafdfiixh catesdivine.
And o'er the foaming bowl the laughing wjnc. /"»/*.
3

H I G

Z. Raifed into high plies.

1 faw myfclf the vaft unnumber'd ftore
Ofbrafs, high-beaf'd im\i&ihe regal dr.me. f^fe.

High heeled. Having the heel of tUc
(hoe much raifed.

By thele embroiJer'd bigb-heeVJ (hoes,
She'lhall be ciught as in a noofe. S-ttift.

High-hung. Hung aloft.

By the ligh-hung taper's light,
I could difcern his cliceks were g!owing red. ^_'.\^-

Hich-me'ttled. Prondorardcntof fpirit.

He fails not in thefe to keep aftifTtein on a high

mettled Pegafus j and lakes care not to furfeit hitn ,

as he has done on other heads, by an erroneoui

abundance. G"' lb-

High mi'nded. Proud; arrogant.

My breaft I'll burft with ftraming of my courage.
But I »illchattifc this high-minded rtrumpet. Shak.

Becaufe of unbelief they were broken off, and
thou lUndeft by faith : be not high-minded, but tear.

Rom. xi. 20.

High-principled. Extravagant in no-
tions of politicks.

Thisfcemstobe the political creed of all tlie higb.
principled men I have met with. S-wi/t,

High-red. Deeply red.

Oil of turpentine, though clear as water, being

digefted upon the purely white fugar ot lead, hat

in a (hort time aftijrdcd a^/^i-rt-i/ tinflure. Boylf.

High-seasoned. Piquant tothepalate.

Be (paring alfo of fait in the feafoning of all his

visuals, and ufe him not lo bigb-feajoned mtiM.

Locke,
Hich-si ghted. Always looking upwards.

Let higb-fighied tyranny range on,
'Till each man drop by lottery. Shaleffeare,

High-spi'rited. Bold; daring; infolent.
High-stomached. Obftinate ; lofty.

High-Jloinached ate they both, and full of ire ;
In rage, deaf as the fea, hafty as lire. Shake/.

High-ta'sted. Guftful ; piquant.

Flattery ftill in fugat'd words betrays.
And poifon in high-lajled meats conveys. Deni.'jm:

HiGH-vi'cED. Enormoufly wicked.
Be as a planetary plague, when Jove
Will o'er (ome high-vic' J city hang his poifon
In the fick air. Shakeffeare.

H I 'cH- WROUGHT. Accurately fimfhed;
nobly laboured.

Thou triumph'ft viflor of the high--urmight day.
And the pleas'd dame, foft fmiling lead'ft away.

Pope,

Hi'cHLAND. »./. [high ixiA land,'] Moun-
tainous region.

The wand'ringmoon
Beholds her father's fteeds beneath her own ;
The highlands fmoak'd, cleft by the piercing rays.

Aadifon,

Ladies in the highlands of Scotland ufe this

difcipline to their children in the midft of Winter,

and find that cold water does them no harm. Locke.

Hichl'ander. n.f. [from highland.'] An

inhabitant of mountains ; mountaineer.

His cabinet council of higklanJers, AddiJM.

Hi'ghly. a^Z-v. [from %/'.]

1 . With elevation as to place and fituation j
aloft.

2. In a great degree.

Whatever expedients can allay thofe heats, which
break us into different faftioos, cannot but be ufeful
to the publick, and highly tend toitsfafety.yli/J'/"'.
' It cannot but b: highly Fe<iuifite for us to enliven
our faith, by dwelling often on the fame confidera-
tions. Alterbury.

3. Proudly; arrogantly; ambitioufly.

What thou wouldft bigblf.
That thou would'ft holily ; would'ftnot play falfe.
And yet wouldft wrongly win. _ Shakrjp,

4. Wiihefteem; witheftimation.

Every man that is among vou, not to think ot
himfelf more highly than heoujlit toihink. Rom.m,

1 High MOST.

HI

L

irregular

word.]

Sbaktffeare.

Hi'cHMOST. adj. [an
Higheft; topmoft.

Now is the fun upon the bighmoj} hiil^
Of this day's journey.
Highness. «./. [froin%*.]

1. Elevation above t^ furface; aliitude;
loftinefs.

2. The title of princes ; anciently of kings.

Moil royil majefty, <r . nt i

I crave no more than that your bi%btufs olFer'd.SAj*,

How long in vain hath nature ItrivM to frame
A perfeQ princefs, ere her i/jAw/i camt ? // alltr.

ISeautv and greatncfs are eminenily joincj in your
royal hiibrtej,. Drydcr..

3. Dignity of nature; fupreraacy.

Detfruilion fiom God was a tenor to me, and by
reafon of his hlghr:ejj I could nat endure. J}i, xxii-
HicHT. [Tins is an imperfea verb, ufed
only in the preterite tenfe with a palTivc
fignification : Jjaran, to call, Saxon ; hffen,
to be called, German.]
J. Was named ; was called.

The eity of thejreat king k:ght it well,
Wheteia eternal peace and happinefs doth dwell.

Sfcnftr.

Within this homellea^ li/d wilhout a peer
For c»>wing loud, the noble Clianliclcer j
So kl^bi her cock. Dryd.n'i Suti'x Prkft.

2, It is fometimes ufed as a participle

paflive : called ; named.
U is now obfolete, except in burlefque

writings.
Amoiigll the reft a good old woman was,

IJigbl mother Hubberti. llulbird'iT'ale.

Hearn he bigb!. Po/ic.

Hichwa'ter. ». /. [%/j and water.]
The utmolt flow of the tide.

They ha« a wiy of draining lands that lie below
the bigb-waUr, ts\i are fomething above the low-
water mark.
Hichwa'y. »./. [higf^ and luo)/.]
I. Great road; public path. ....

So few there be i .;

That chufe the narrow path, or feek the rights
All keep the broad bigh-uiay, and take delight
With many rather for to go alUay. Fairy Qiuetn.
Two inlcriptionsgave a great light to tlie hiltones
af Appius, who made the .i^^^w.'j', and of Fabius
the dictator. Addijon.

Ent'ring on a broad high-way,
- Where power and lilies Icaiter'd hy.

He t>rove to piclt up all he found. Svtl/l.

X Figuratively a train of aftion, with ap-
parent confequence. * ■

1 could mention more trades we have loft, and are

in the A/^A^aji to lofe. ,- Child en Trade.

Hi'cHWAYMAN. II. /. \J.'igmvaj and man.'\

A robbei that plunders on the publicK

roads.

'Tit like the friendlhip of pickpockets and big.
tiuiymrit, that obfetve ftrifl juftice among themfelvr?.

blr:tley.

. A remedy like that of giving my money (o an

bigb-w.iymar, beibrche attempts to take it by force,

to prevent the fin of robbery. SnH/i,

Hi'cLAfEU. »./. An herlv ,' ■ Jinftuorth.
JIila'rity. »./. [hikritat, Latin.] Merri-
ment; gaiety.

Averroes rcltxaincd his hiUrlly, and made no

more thereof than Seneca commendcth, and was

allowable in Cato { that if, a fober incalefcence for

wine. Brrnvn.

HiLD, in £/>7Vit'f grammar, is interpreted a

lord or lady ; fo iitUebert is a noble lord ;

Matbild, an haoick lady. Gtbjon.

Hi'ldino. w. / fhild, Saxon, fignifies a

lord : perhnps hilding means originally a

hllle lord'm contempt, for a man that lias

<.nly the delicacy or bad qualities of high

Vol.. i.

H I M

rank ; or a term of reproach abbreviated
from hindeiling, degenerate. Hugha.]
. A forry, paltry, cowardly fellow.

He was fome hiUiiig fellow, that had ftol'n
1 he horfe he rode on. Shalirfptarc.

If your lonlfhip find hira not a hiljlng, h)ld me
no more in your refp'-ft. Shakfffean.

A bafe llave,

A btldittg for a livery, a fquirc's cloth. Sbaiefy.
2. It is ufed likewife for a mean woman.

Laura, to his lady, was but a kitchen wench :
Helen and Hero, bildiiigs and harlots. Shahff.

This idle tov, thu bi.'dixg fcorns my power,
And fets us all'at nought. RoTve'i "Jane Sbcre.

Hill. ». /. [hil, Saxon.] An elevation
o?"g»ound Icfs than a mountain.

My ilieep arc ihouglits, which 1 both guide and
fcrvc ;
Their parture is fair bilh of fruitlefs love. Sidney.

Jerufalem is feated on two bill:.
Of height nnlike,. and turned lide to fide. Fairfax.

Three tides arei'ure imbarr'd with craggs and *<//j,
The reft is eafy, leant to rile efp) 'd ;
Butmigbty bulwarks fence the plainer part: _
So an helps nature, nature ftrengthneth art. Fairfax.

When our eye fome profpeit would purl'ue,
Defcending from a hi!!, looks round to view. Granv.

A /J/./ is nothing but the iieft ot fome metal or mi-
neral which, by a plaftick virtue, and the ctficicy ol
fubterran:an lires, converting ihe adjacent eoiihs into
their fubllance, do increafc and grow. Chtyne.

Hi'llock. »./. [from hi'.l.\ A little hill.

Vet weigh this, alas I great is nolgreat to thegreater

What, jud^e ye, dolh a hilleck Ibow by the lofty

Olympus. Sydney.

Sometime walking not unfeen.
By hedge-row elms, on hillock! green. Milton.

This mountain, and a few neighbouring hillocks
that lie fcattercd about the bottom of it, it the whole

Addifon on Italy,

Full of hills;

circuit of thefe dominions.

Hi'lly. adj. [from hill.']
unequal in the furface.

Towards the hilly comers of Druina remain her

very yet Aborigines, tluuft among aa alfcmbly of

. mountain*. Hmucl,

Glimbinj to a billy ftetp,
' He views his herds in vales afiir. Dryden.

Lol how the Norrick plaint
■Riie bSOf, with large piles of llaughter'il knights.

Fhillifs.
Hilly countries afford the moft entertaining prof-
pe^s, though a man would choofe to travel through a
plain one.

Addifon

Hilt. »./. [hilr, Saxon, from healban, to
hold.] The handle of any thing, parti-
cularly of a fword.

Now fits expedaliou in the air,
Aud liides a fword from hilt unto the point.
With crowns imperial; crowns and coroaets, Sbak.

Take thou the hilt.
And when my face is covcr'd as 'tis now,
Guide thou the fwotd. Sbakeffeare' tfuliusCicfar.

Be his this fword, whofe blade of bul's difplays
A ruddy gieam ; whole hill, a filver blaze. Fope.
HIM. [him, Saxon.]

1 . The oblique cafe of he.

Me he reftottd unto my office, and b'.m he hanged.
^ _ Grit. xli.

2. Kim was anci«ntly ufed for it in a natural
fenfc.

The fubjunflive mood halb evermore fome con-

junftion joined with /6/'rr, Accidence,

HiMSt'LF. prm. [him znd/el/.]

J. In the nominative the fame as he, only

more emphatical, and moife expreffive of

individual perfonality.

It was a fparing fpecch of the ancients to fay,
that a liieiid is anoiner biufelf; for that a friend
is far more than bimfelf, Baeon.

With (hame rcmrmben, while btpiflfvin one
Of the fame herd, biajrlfiht fame liad done.

Dcnhant.

2. It it added to a pcrfonal pronoun or

\

H I N

noufl, by way of emphatical difcrimina-
tion.

He A/m/J^returned again. fudges.

God bimj'tlf is with us for our captain. Cbron.

3. In ancient authors it is /^(/neutrally foe
itfelf.

She is advanced
Above the clouds as high as Hc3v*ti bimfelf. Sbak.

4. In the oblique cafes it has a reciprocal
fignification.

David hid bimfelf in the field. S,imuel,

5. It is fometimes not reciprocal.

I perceive it was not altogether your brother's evil
difpolilion made him feek his death ; but a provoking
merit feta work by a reproveable badiiefs in bimfelf.

Shaktfpeare.

Kothing in nature can fo peculiarly gratify the
nobledifpofitions of humanity, as for one man to fee
another fo much bimfelf as to figh his griefs, and
groan his pains, to ling his joys, and do and feel
every thing by fympathy. South,

By Himself. Alone; unaccompanied.

Ahab went one way h^ bimfelf and Obadiah went
another way by bimfelf. Kings.

HiN. n. f, [.Jn] A meafure of liquids
among Jews, containing about ten pints.

With the one lar.-b a tenth deal of flour, mingleiV

with the fourth part of an A/« of beaten oil. Kxod.ii\\%,

HIND. ur<//.compar. hinder; fuperl. hiitdmoji.

[hynbarf, Saxon.] Backward ; contrary

in pofition to the face ; as, hiitd legi. Sec

Hinder and Hindmost.

Bringing its tail to its head, it bends its back fo
far till its head comes to touch its bind part, nnd fo
with its armour gatiiers itfelf into a ball. Xaj.

The flag
Hears his own feet, and thinks they found like morf.
And fears his bind legs will o'ertake his fore. Pope,

Hind. n. f. [hmbe, Saxon, from hinnus,
Latin.]

1 . The (he to a (lag, the female of red deer.

How he flew, with glancing dart amifs,
A gentle bind, the which the lovely boy
Did love as li fc. Fairy Siueen,

Can'ft thou mark when the hinds do calve ? Jab.

Nor Hercules more lands or labours knew.
Not though the brazen-footed bind he flew. Dryden,

2. [hine, Saxon.] A fervant.

A couple of Ford's knaves, his binds, were called
forth by his miftrefs, to carry me in the name of
foul cloaths to Datchet-lane. Shaktfpeare.

3. [hineman, Saxon.] Apeafant; a boor;
a mean ruftick.

' 1'he Dutch, who came like greedy /6fWi before,
To reap the harveft their ripe years did yield.

Now look like thofe, when rolling thunders roar,
AiidlTieelBof lighl'ningblart the ftanding field. ZJyy,
He cioth'd himfelf in courfe array.

A lab'ring hind in ihcw. Dryden^s Fables,

Hindbe'rries. n. f. The fame as rafp-

berrics.
To HINDER, f. a. [hmbjiian, Saxon.]
To obftruft ; to ftop ; to let; to impede.

Ainf'uiorth,

Hinder me not, feerng the Lord hath profpered my
way. Gen. xxiv. 56.

The whole *oi]d (hinedwith clear light, and none
were hindered'xn their labour. frijd. xvii. 20.

If tlie alms were hindered only by entreaty, tlie
hinderer is not lied to reDitutiuii, becaufe entreaty
took not liberty away from the giver. Taylor,

Solitude damps thought and wit : too much com-
pany diflipaUis and hinders it from fixing. TempU.

What hinders younger brothers, being fathers of
families, from having the fame right. Locke.

To Hi'ndeu. -v. ». To raifc hindrances ;
to caufe impediment.

You minimus of /"W"'/;r^knot-grafsT»ia.lcl Shall.

This objection binders not but that the hero'ck
aflion of fome commanditr, entcrpri^cd for thfl
Chriftian gaufe, aiul executed happily, may be wri tten .

Thyden.

6 D Hi .Noi^R.

H I N

''Hi'KOSH.aJJ. [froraA/W.] That which U
in a pofition contrary to that of the face :
oppofed \o face.

Bcin, fighting with any man, ftand upon (heir
hiiiiiet teci, and fo this did, being ready to give me a
Oitewd emkracement. Sidtiiy.

As the hinder feet of the horfe ftuck to the moun-
tain, while the body reared up in the air, the poet
with great difficulty kept himfelf from lliding off
his back. AdJifon.

Hi'nderance. H.f. [from ^W?r.] Im-
pediment; let; flop; obftruftion: with
cf, fometimes with to, before the thing
hindered ; with to before the pcrfon.

Falfe opinions, touching the will of God to have
things done, are wont to bring forth mighty and
violent praflifes againft the ilitderancet <,/ ihem,
and thole prailifes new opinions, more pernicioui
than the firft : yea, mod extremely fometimes oppo-
fite to the Erft. HoMr.

They muft be in every Chriftian church the fame,
except mete impoUibility of fo having it, be the tin-
dcraxce. Hooker.

What bmdtrance have they been to the knowledge
of what is well done ? Drj)deit.

Have we not plighted each our holy oath.
One foul Ihould both infpire, and neither prove
His fellow's bindtrance in purfiiit ol love > Dryden.

He mull conquer all thefe difficulties, and remove

all thefe hinderancet out of the way that leads to

juftice. Ath-rhury.

HiNDERER. n. f. [from hinder.'\ He or

that which hinders or obftrufts.

Brakes, great i;Wf/-frj of all plowing, grow. May.
Hj'nderling. n.f. [from hind or tinder.]

A paltry, worthlefs, degenerate animal.
Hi'ndermost. adj. [This word feems to
be lefs proper than hi/idmofi.] Hindmoft;
laft ; in the rear.

He put the handmaids and their children fotemoft
and Leah and her children after, and Rachel and
jofcph bindermtft. Genejis.

Like to an enter'd tide they all rurti by.
And leave you hindermoft. Shakefpeare.

Hi'hdmost.c^'. [^Wandwrj/?.] Thelaft;
the lag ; that which comes in the rear.

'Tia not his wont to be the bindmiifi man,
Whate'er occafion keeps him from us now. Sbakefp.

He met thee by the way, and fmote the hindmoji
of thee, even all that were feeble behind. Dtut. xxv.

Let him retire, betwixt two ages caft
The tirit of this, and kindmcji of the laft,
A lofing gamefter. Dryden,

The race by vigour, not by vaunts is won ;
So take the himdmoji hell — he faid, and run. Vofe,

fjiNGE. n. /. \oxhingle, from bangle ot

han^.l
t. Joints open which a gate or door turns.

At the gate
Of hcav'n aniv'd, the gate felf-opca'd wide,
On golden binga turning. Millox.

Then from the hinge their ftrokes the gates divorce,
And where the way they cannot find, they force.

Deftbam.
Heav'n's imperious qiieen fhot down from high;
At her approach the brazen hinges fly.
The gates are forc'd. Dryden.

J. The cardinal points of the world, Eaft,
Weft, North, and South.

If when the moon is in the hingr at Eaft,
The birih breaks forward from in native reft ;
Full eighty years, if you two years abate.
This llalioii give. Creech's Manilius.

3. A governing rule or principle.

The athct hinge of punilbmcot might (urn upon
^law, whereby all men, who did not marry by the
age of ftve-and-tiMCnty, Ihould pay the third part of
tDcir revenue. _ 'Temple.

4. To be off the Hinges. To be in a Hate
of irregularity and diforder.

The man's fpirit is out of order, and off the
Ungis ; and till that be put into its njht frame, he
Will be pcrp etuAlly dif^uietcU. TiiUi/on.

H I P

Methinki we ftand on ruins, Kalurt (hakes
About us, and this uoivcrCtl frame
Soloofe, that it but wants another pulh
To leapyiow off its hinges. Dryden,

To Hinge, t. a. [from the noun.]

1. To furnilh with hinges.

2. To bend as an hinge.

Be thou a flati'rcr now, and i/«j» the knee,
And let his very breath, whom thou'lt obferve,
Blow off thy cap. Shakefpeare.

-7»HlNT. f. a. [enter, French, Wi>;wr.]
To bring to mind by a flight mention, or
remote allufion; to mention imperfeftly.

W illing to wound, and yet afraid to ilrike,
Juft bint a fault, and hefitatc diilikc. Pofe.

In waking whilpcr-, and repeated dreams,
To bint pure thought, and warn the favour'd foul.

Tb((mfon.

To Hi NT at. To allude to; to touch flightly
upon.

Speaking of .\uguftus's actions, he (till remembers
that agriculture ought to be fome way hinud at
thioughout the whole poem. AJdif, an the Georgich.
Hint. «./. ffrom the verb.]

1. Faint notice given to the mind; remote
alluiion ; diftant infinuation.

Let him ftriflly obferve the firft ftirrings and in-
timations, the firll bints and whifpers of good auJ
evil, thit pafs in his heart. South,

2. Suggeftion; intimation.

On this bint 1 fpake,
She lov'd me for the dangers 1 had pall. Sbai.Otlelh.
Aftions are fo full of circumftaiices, that, as men
obfcrve fome parts more than others, they take
ditferent bints, and put different interpietations on
them. Addifin.

HIP. n. f. [hyppe, Saxon.]

1. The joint of the thigh.

How now, which of your hips has the moft pro-
found fciatica. Shakefpeare.

Hippocrates affu'meth of the Scythians, that, ufing
continual riding, they were generally molelled with
the fciatica or hip gout. Brotvn's Vuigar Errours.

2. The haunch; the flelh of the thigh.

So (hcpherd's ufc
To fet the fame mark on the hip
Both of their found and rotten Iheep. Hudiiras.

Againfl a flump his tuiks the monger grinds.
And ranch'd his bij>s with one continu'd wound.

Dryden.

3. To have on the Hip. [A low phrafe.]
To have an advantage over another. It
feems to be taken from hunting, the h/'f
or hatirich of a deer being the part com-
monly feized by the dogs.

If this poor branch of Venice, whom 1 cherifli.
For his <)uick hunting, ftand the putting on,
I'il have our Michael Caffio on the hip. Shiikefpeare,

Hip. n.f. [from )3copa, Saxon. J The fruit
of the briar or the dogrofe.

E.itiiig Z'/^j,and drinking wat*ry foam. Hub, Tale,
Why Ihould you want? Behold, the earth hath
roots;
The oaks bear mafts, the briars fcarletii^j. Sbakrfp.
Years of ftore of haws and hips do commonly por-
tend cold winters. Bacon's Naluial Hijiory.

To Hip. f . a. [from hif.] '

1. To fprain or (hoot the hip.

His horl'e was bifp'd. Sbakefpeare.

2. HiP-Hop. A cant word formed by the
reduplication of hp/i.

Your ditferent laftet divide our poet's cares;
One foot the fock, t'other the bulkin wears:
Thus, while he Urives to pleafc, he's forc'd to do't
Like Volfcius bip-bcp in a lingle boot. Congrtve.
Hip. interjeli. An exclamation, or calling
to one ; the fame as the Latin eho, htus !

Ainfworth .
Hip. X"^]- A corruption of hypo-

Hl'ppiSH. J chondriack. Ain/nxorth.

Hifpocb'ntaur. »./. [i'Tir»;<i»7»i'j®-; hif-

H I R

ftxfntaurt, Fr.] A fabulous monfter, half
horfe, and half man.

How are poetical fidions, how are klpferentatiri
and chimeras to be imagined, which are things i^uiie
out of naiuie, and whereof we can have no notion f

Dryden.

Hl'ppoc R A ss. n.f. \hjpocras, French ; quaji
•vinum Hippocraiis,\ A medicated wine.

Sack and the well-fpic'd hippocrafs, the wine,
Waffail the bowl, with ancient ribbands fine. King,

Hi'pf ocRATts's SLc-je. n.f. A woollen
bag, made by joining the two oppofite
angles of a fquare piece of flannel, ufcd
to ftrain fyrrups and decodions for cla-
rification, ^lincy.

Hi'ppocRiFF. ». /. [iW©- and yf^;
hipfo^riffe , French.] A winged horfe;
a being imagined by Ariofto.

He caught him up, and without wing
0( hippogriffe bore through the airfublime. Milton.

Hipp opoTAMUs.w.y; \jnno<, andTerotji*.©-.]
the river horfe. An animal foundtn the
Nile.

H I'r SHOT. adj. Hrip and >*«/.] Sprained or
diflocated in the hip.

Why do you go nodding and waggling fo like a
fool, as if you were bipjhit j fays the goofe to the
gofiing. L'ifirange.

Hi'pwoRT. n.f. \hif and <io»r/.] A plant

AiHjkunrth,
To HIRE. -v. a, [hvTian, Saxon.]

1. To procure arty thing for temporary ufe
at a certain price.

His fordid avarice rakes
In excrements, and hires thcjakcs. Dryd. Juvenal.

2. To engage a man in temporary fervicefoi
wages.

They weigh filver in the balance, and hire a
goldfmiih, and he maketh it a god. Ifj. xlvi. 6.

1 cannot ftrike at wretched kerns, whofe arms
Are hir'd to bear their ftaves. Shakeffearr,

3. To bribe.

Themctes firft, 'tis doubtfiil whether hir'J,
Or fo the Trojan dcftiny ret]uir'd,
Mov'd that the ramparts might be broken down.

Dryden.

4. To engage for pay : with the reciprocal
word.

They that were full, hired out therofelves for
bread ; and they thatwere hungry, ceafed. 1 Sam. ii.

5. To let; to fet for a time at a certain
price. This, to prevent ambiguity, has
fometimes the particle out ; as, he htnJ
out his houfe tft ftrangers.

HiRB. n.f. [hyfie, Saxon.]

1 . Reward or recompencc paid for the ufc
of any thing.

2. W-iges paid for fervice.

Great thanks and goodly meed to that good lire ;
He tliencc departing gave for his pains i/rr. Sptnfer,

1 have five hundred crowns.
The thrifty hire I fav'd under your lather. Sbaktfp.
Though little was their biie, and light, their gaM>,
Yet fomewhat to their (l.are he threw. Drydifs.

All arts and anift s Thefcus could command,
Who fold for hire, or wrought for better fame.

Dryden,
Hireling.*./ [from^V^.]

1 . One who ferves for wages.

The hireling longs to fee the Ihades defcenJ,
That with the tedious day his toil might end.
And he his pay receive. Sandys,

In the framing of Hiero's Ihip there were three
hundred carpenters employed for a year, befidesm:iny
other iirelings for carriages. kf'iikini't Daaaius.

'Tis trcqLjcnt here to lee a freebom fon
On the left hand of a rich binling run. Drydjiv.

2. A mercenary ; a proftitute.

Now Ihe ftiades the eveining walk with bays,
Hobireling ihe, no proftitute to fraife. /''/>'.

HutLl.NC.

H I S

111 iztrTfC, aJJ. Serving for hire; rfnal ;
merccnar}'; doingwhatis done for money.

Then trumpets, torches, and a tedioui crew
Oiifreiing mourners for his funeral doe. Dryjm.
Hi'rer. »./. [fTomiire.]

1, One who ufes auf thing paying a re-
compence; one who einplojs others pay.
rng wages.

2. In fcotland it denotes one who keeps
fmall horfes to let.

Hirsu'te. aJJ. [hiifuias, Latin.] Roagh ;

rhere are bulbout, fibrous, and brrfatf roots :
ttie blrfuttK a middle fort, between the bulbous and
fibro'js ; that, b^fides the putting forth fap upwards
and downwards, puticth ibnh in round. Baiox.

}\\%. pronoun fojejive. [\iff, Saxon.]
I. The mafculine poffeflive. Belonging to
him that was before mentioned.

England hit approaches makes as herce
As watert to the fuckiog of a gulph. Hhakejf. il.W .

If much you note hijn,
You Hull oOend him, and eitend hit paflion. Shall.

Heav'n and yourfelf
Had part in this (air maid ; now heav'a halh all,
And all the better is it for the maid :
Yojr part in her you could not keep from death ;
But heav'n keeps hit pan in eternal lite. Sh^ikcff.

U our father carry aathorit^ with fuch difpofitiun
as he bears this latt fuirendcr of bit, it will but of-
fcn<> m- SbalirffcaTf.

He that is nooriflied by the acorns he picked up
under an oak in the wood, has appropriated them to
hioifclf: nobody can deny but the nourilhment is
>>'•'■ Lotkt.

Whtne'er I ftnop, be offers at a kifs ;
Aad whea my aims I (tretch, be ftrelcbes hit.

Ad J if CI

2. It was anciently ofed in a neutral fenfe
where we now fay its.

Who can imprefs the lorcft, bid the In:*
Unfix hit earth-bound root > Shjk'f[,. Macieth.

Not the dreadful fpout.
Shall dizT with m.>re clamour N.-ptune'i ear
In hit defcent. Sbtkr/p. Trcilut atiA Crrjpdti.

There's not the fmallett orb, which thoa behold "ft,
But in bit motion like an' angel fings,
Scill quiring to the ynung-ey'd clierubims. Stjkrff.

This rule is not fo general, but that it admitieili
hit e«c;ptions. Carru-j Smrvry ofCarn-ualt.

Opium lofeih fome ol bit poilbnous quality if it
be vapoured out, mingled with fpiritof wine. Boom.

3. It ij fometimes ufed as a fign of the
genitivecafe; as the man, \{\i ground, I'ort/e
man't grfvnd. It is now rarelv thus ufed,
as its ofe proceeded probably from a falfe
opinion that the / formative of the ge-
nitive was kit contiafted.

Where is thi» mankind now > who lives to ate
Fit to be made Mciltalalem A/ipagc ? Dtnnt.

By thy fond confort, by ihy father's cares.
By young Telern.ichis hit blooming years. fife

4. It is fometimes ufed in oppafition to this
matt I.

Were I king,
I ftioulJ cut o»r the nobles for their lands,
l>riire hi, jewels, ai>d this other's houfe. Shair/p.

5. Anciently before/-^.

Every of us, each for bit felf, laboored how to
recover him. sidrry.

To n 1 $s. -V. n [hifen, Dutch. ]
I. To utter a noife like that of a ferpent
and fome other animals. It is remarkable
that this word cannot be pronounced
without making tlic noife which it fi£-
nitics. ^

In the height of this bafh to be thrown into the
Tlumes md cooled glowing hot, in that furee, like
a Iwrlefhoe ; think of that ; biffwg hot. .W..,ytW-p,

The merchants Ihall h!/, at Utce. £V*. kvii. 16

See the furies arile :

HIS

See ihe fnaltej that they rear, '

How they iife in their hair. Dryd. Alexander' t Feafl

Againft the deed he threw
His forceful fpear, which, hijing as it 6ew,
Pierc'd through the yielding planks. Dnden.

2. To condemn at a publick exhibition;
which is fometimes done by /bi//;ng.

Men (hall putfue with merited difgrace j
Hi/s, clap their hands, and from his country c^Saee.

^andyt,

T» Hiss. I', a. [jjij-cean, Saxon.]

1 . To condemn by hilling ; to explode.

Every one will i//rhim out 10 his difgrace.

Eceltf.xx'n. y.

She would fo fhamefully fail in the laft ad, that
inltead of a plaudite, fhc would defetve to be hijf.it
offthefiage. More.

I have feen many fuccelTions of tiven, who have
(hot themfelves into the world, fome bolting out
upon the lUgc with vaft applaufe, and others biJ/,-d
oft, and quitting it with difgrace. Dryden.

Will you ventuic youi all upon a caufe, which
would be bijfed out of all the courts as ridiculous ?
Collier om Dutllilg.

2. To procure hiffes or difgrace.

Thy mother plays, and I.
Play too ; but fo difgrac'd a part, whofe iflue
Will biji mc to my grave. Sbuh/f. Ifixier't Tali:

What's the newell grief ?
— That of an hour's age doth hijt the (peaker.
Each minute teems a new one. Shjkefp. Maeictb.

Hrss. n.f. [from the verb.]

1. The voice of a ferpent, and of fome other
animals.

He hift for hifi relurn'd, with forked tongue
To forked tongue. Miller..

2. Cenfure; expreflion of contempmfed in
theatres.

He heaid

On all fides, from innumerable tongues,

A difmal univerfal hifi, the found

Of publick fcorn ! Milton.

Fierce champion fortitude, that knows do tears
CA hiffes, blows, or want, or lofs of cars. Pofe.

Hi ST. ittterj. [Of this word I know not
the original : fome thought it a corrup-
tion of h»fi>, hujh it, hujht, hifi ; but I

have heard that it is an Irifh verb com-
manding filence.] An exclamation com-
manding filence.

— Mule lilcnce hifi along !
'I.efs Philomel will deign along.
In her Iweetell faddeft plight.
Smoothing the nigged brow of night. Milton.
Uif}, hifi, lays another that Hood by, awjy, doc-
tor i tor here's a whole pack of difmal's coming.
, , iiti'ifi.

HiSTo'RfA.N. n.f. [hifloricui, J^tin; hifto-
Tien, French.^ A writer of fafts and
events; a writerof hiftory.

What thanks fufficient, or what recompence
Equal, have 1 to render tliee, divine
Hlfl'jrtjn. Milion.

Our country, which has produced writers of the
firft figure in every other kind of work, has been
very barren in good bifitriani. Addifon.

Not added yearson ye.iri my t»(k could clofc.
The Ujng bijlurian of my country's woes. I'tipt.

HISTO'RICAL. "1 adj. [hiflorigue. French '
HISTO'RICK. / iy.4«r, L;,tin.] '
f. Containing or giving an account of faiHs
and events.

Becaufe the beginning feemnh abrupt, it needs
that you know the occafion of thefr feveral adven-
tures J for the method of a poet bifiorical is not
fuch as of an h iltoriographer. Stenfrr.

In an bifiorical relation we ufe terms thai are
moft proper and bell known. Humei't Theory.

Here rifing bold the pattiol's honefl face j
There warriuis frowning in bijlotiik brals. Pope

2. .Suitable or pertaining to hiftory or nar-
rative.

H I r

Willi equal juftice and hifloriciatt.
Their laws, their toils, their arms with his cotnpare.

Prior.
Histo'rically. adv. [from hi/torical.]
In the manner of hiftory ; by way ot
narration.

The gofpels, whichj^ weekly read, do all bif-
toncally declare Ibmet.'-Iiig which our Lord Jefus
Chrilthimfelf either fpoke, did, or fuftercd in his
owrperfon. [i^^ter.

When that which the word of Cod doth but
deliver hifhrically, we conftTueas if it were legally
Ditaiit, and fo urge it further tlian we can ptove it
was intended, do we not add to the laws of God ?

Hooker.
After his life has been rather invented than writ-
ten, 1 Ihall confider him bifioricalty as an author,
wilii regard to thofe works he has left behind him.
^ Pope's Effay en Homer.

To Histo'rifv. ^ ,7. [irora fjrfloty.'] Tt»
relate ; to record in hiftory.

O, mufe, bifiorify

Her praife, whofe praile to learn your fkill hitJs

framed me. Sidney.

The third age they term hiftorlcon ; that is, fuch

wherein matters have been more truly hifioriped,

and Ihctcfore may be believed. Brown's f^ulg. Err.

Historio'grapher. n. f. l/fofia and

y.x<pu ; ki/ioriograpkt, French.] An hif.

torian ; a writer of hiftory.

T''» '""'"-'' °f » i»«t hillotical is not fuch as of

^^^hiftonographer. Spenfer.

What poor ideas mull ftrangers conceive ofperl'on»

famous among us, Ihould they form their notions of

them from the writings of thofe oat bijioriagraphert,

Aiidifon.

I piit the joumaliinto a ftrongbox, after the man.

ner ot the biftoriogiaphrrs of lome eatlern mouii-

"'II- Arbulbnot's H{ft. of John Bull.

HiSTORio'cRAPHY.w.y; [(VofiKaodyfa^*.]

The art or employment of an hiftorian.
HISTO'RY. ». /. [.V<¥'«; h,ftoria Latin;
hij}oire, French.]

1. A narration of events and fafts delivered
with dignity.

Juftly C;efar fcoriis the poet's lays ;
It^is to hiftory he trulls for praile. Tope.

2. Narration ; relation.

The bIJIary part lay within a little room, ffyetn.
What hiflcrirs of toil could I declare i
But (fill loug-weary'd nature wants itpair. Pope,

3. The knowledge of fafts and events.

Hifl'.ry fo far as it relates to the affairs of the
bible, is nccclfary to divines. H'aits.

History Piece, n.f. A piflure reprefent-
ing fome memorable event.

His works rcfcinble a large hifiory piece, where
even the lefs important figures have lorac convenient
P'»«- P<ipe.

HISTRIC'XICAL. 7 adj. [from hifirio.
HISTRIO'NICK. J Latin ; hifirio„,Yt.-]

Befitting the ftage ; fuitable to a player ;

becoming buffoon ; theatrical.
H I S TR I o'n I c a l I. \.adv.\{\ omhijlriotiical.^

1 healricaily ; in the manner ol a buffoon.
To HI r. XI. a. [from iHiis, Latin, Miufhenu ;

from hiite, Danilli ; to throw at random,

'Junius . ]

1. i'o llrike ; to touch witli a blow.
When 1 firfl faw her 1 was picfenily (Incken j

and 1, like .1 ti-olilh child, ihni when >iny ihiiig hits
him will ftiikr himfcif .ig.iin upon it, would needs
look again, as though I would perfuade mine eyes
that they v/tte deceived. Sidney.

His conftieiice lliall 16/r him in the teeth, and tell
him his fin and roily. South.

2. To touch tjie mark ; not to mifs.

Is he a god that ever Hicsthe light ?
Or naked he, difguis'd in all untruth ?
If he be Mind, how hillelh licfo right ? Sidney.

So hard it is to tremble, and not to err, and to hit
the mark with a Ihaking hand. South.

bD z 3. 'lo

H I T

n I T

3. To attain; to reach ; not to fail; ufed
of tentative experiments.

Wen I but twenty-one,
Yourf»tb*r'« image is (ooii in you,
Jlis very air, tlut I Ihould cill you brother,
As 1 did him. Shah/p.

Scarclicvcry comment that your care can find,
Some here, Tome there, Ai' til the poet's miud.

Rofcommon.

Birds learning tunes, and their endeavours to hii
the notes right, put it pad doubt that they have per-
ception, and retain ideal, and ufc ihem tor patterns.

♦ Lickr.

Here's an opportunity to (hew howf great a bungler
my author is in bitting features. Atleriurj.

4. To fuit ; to be conformable to.

Hail, divined melancholy !
Whofc faintly vifage is too bright
To lit the fcnfe ofhuman fight. Miaon.

5. Toftrike; to catch by the right Vait ;
to touch properly.

There you hit him : St. Dominick loves charity
exceediogly i that Jtsumeut never fails with him.

Drydrn.

6. To Hit tf. To ftrike out; to fix or
determine luckily.

What prince foever can A;i c/' this great fecret,
need know no more either for his own fafcty, or that
of the people he governs. ' TunfU.

7. To H 1 r ont. To perform by good luck.

Having the found of ancient poets ringing in his
ears, he mought needs in fmging bit out, fome of
their tunes. Sftnjer.

To Hit. i;. n.
I. Toclafli; to collide.

If bodies be ejtenfion alone, how can they move
and bit one againll another ? or what can make dif-
tindfurfaces in an uniform extenfion ? Loch.

Bones, teeth, and (hells being fuftained in the
water with mctallick corpufcles, and the faid cor-
pufdes meeting with and hiiting upon thofe bodies,
become conjoined with them. IVoodu-ard.

j. To chance luckily ; to fuccecd by ac-
cident : nqt to mifs.

• Oftexpeflaiion fails, and moft oft there
Where moll it promifes j and oft it hits
Where hope is ccldell and dcfpair moft fits. Shakrfp.

3. To fucceed ; not to mifcarry.

The experiment of binding of thoughts would be
Jiverfified, and you are to note whether it i«i for ihc
jnoft part. Jiaconi Nat. Hificry.

But thou bring'ft valour too and wit, /

Two things that feldom fail to hit. Hudiiras.

Tlvismay hit, 'til more than barely poflible.

Drydiit.

All human race would fain be wits,
And millions mifs for one that hilt. Siiift.

4. To light on.
There is a kind ofconveyiogbfeffeaual and im-
printing paffages amongft compliments, which is of
fingularufc, ifaman can i/ruponit. Batcn.

You've tit upon the very ftr'tng, which touth'd,

Echoesthe found, and jars within my foul ;

There lies my grief. Vryden's Sfanijb Fryar.

It is much, if men were Itom eternity, that ihcy

ihould not find out the way of writing fooner : fure

ht was a fottanitc man, who, after men had been

ttemally fo dull as not to find it out, bad the luck

at lail to hit upon it. TilUtfon.

Theie'sa juft medijmbeiwijt eating, too much

tod too little ; and this dame had bit upon it, when

the matter was fo ordered that the hen brought her

every day an egg. Vlijii<"ig'.

None of them hit upon the art. Addijan.

There's but a true and .1 falfc prcJiflion in any

' telling of fortune ; and a man that never bitt on the

right fide, cannot be called a bad guctfcr, but muft

ra.fsoutofdcfign. » Bmtlty.

Hit. * /. [from the verb.] ,
I. A ftroke.

The king hath laid, that in a dozen paffes between
vou and him, he (hall not exceed you three bJtt.

Sbalifff. Hamlit.
So he (he fam'd -Cilici-in fencer prais'd
And at each hit with wonder feem amaz'd. Drydtt!,

1. A chance ; a fortuitous event.

To fuppofe a watch, by the blind biti of chance,
to perform divcrfity of orderly motions, without the
regulation of art, this were the more pardonable ab-
furdity. Granvillt.

If the rule we judge by be uncertain, it is odds
but we Ihall judge wrong; and if we Ihould judge
right, yet it is not properly (kill but chance; not a
true judgment, but a luc!;y hit. Ssutb,

Ij»t with more lucky bit than thofe
That ufe to make the ftars depofe. Hudiirai.

The fiiherman's waiting, and the lucky hit it
had in the conclufion, tells us, that honeit endea-
vours will not fail. L;Eftriingc.

Ifcafualconcourfe did the world compofe.
And things and i/« fortuitous arofe,
'Ihcn any thing might come ffom any thing ;
For how from chance can conftint order fpring ?

Blackmare.

3. A lucky chance.

Have all hi^ ventures fiil'd ? What, not one hit f

Shakefptare.

Thefe bitt of words a true poet often finds, without

feekipg. Dryd,^

If at firft he minds his bits.
And drinks.champaigne among the wits,
Five deep )ic toilts the low'i ing lalics. Prior.

To Hitch, 'v. n [heijan, Saxon, or ^ofA^r
French. Skinner \ To catch ; to move
by jerks. I know not where it is ufed
but ill the following paffage ; nor here
know well what it means.

Whoe'er olFends at fome unlucky time
Slides in a verfe, or bitckti in a rjhme ;
Sacred to ridicule his whole life long.
And the fad burthen of fome merry fong. Fopr.

TbHi'TCHEL. 1'. n. [See Hatchel.]
To beat or comb flax or hemp.

Hi'tchel. »./. \}ieckil, German.] The
inftrument with which flax is beatSh or
combed.

HiTHE. n.f. [hy^e, Saxon.] A fmall haven
to land wares out of veflels or boats :
as Queetihithe, and Lambhitbe, now Lam-
beth.

HI' rHER. adv. [hiSep, Saxon.

1. To this place from fome other.
Caefar tempted with the fame

Of thisfweet ifland, never conquered,
And envying the Biitons blazed name,
0 hideous hunger of dominion! hither came.

Spenjer.
Men mud endure
Their going hence, cv;n as their coming hither.

Shaktfp.
Who brought me hither
Will bring me hence, no other guide 1 feek. Milton.

2. It is ufed in oppofition : hither sxA'thi-
ther, to this place and that.

3. Tothisend; to this defign ; to this to-
pick of argument : \hiic, Latin. Hue
refer exitt/m?] Not much ufed.

Hereupon depcndeih whatfocver difference there is

between the dates of (aims in glory j hither we refer

whatfocver belongcth i:t:to thf highed perfection 01

roan, byway of fervicc,towards God. Hooter.

Hiihtr belong all thofe texts which require of u

that we diould not walk after the ficfli, but af;er

thcfp:rit. TiUot/ln.

Hither. a<^". f\3\ierl. hilhermtifi. Nearer;

towards this part.

After ihcfe.
But on the hither fide, a difTerenl fort.
From the high neighb'ring hills defcended. Milton.
An eternal duration may be (horter or longer upon
the hither end, namely that extreme wherein it is
finite. H"''.

Hi'THtRMOST. aJJ. [oi hither, adv.l Near-
eft on this fide.

That which is external can be extended to agreater
extent, at the hithermrjl extreme. Hale.

Hi'therto. attv. \iiom bitber.'\

H O A

I.' Yet; to this time.

Hitherto I have only told the reader what ought
not to be the fubjcil of a pi£lute or ol a poem. Di yd.

2. In any time till now.

More ample I'pirit than hitherto was wont.
Here needs me, while the famous anccftties
Of ray moft dreadful fovereign I recount. Fairy ^

3. At every time till now. ;

In this we are not their advetfaiics, tho' they in
the other hitherto hjve been ours. H.oker,

Hitherto, lords, what your commands impos'd
I have perform'd.as re.»fon was, obeying. MUtort.

Hitherto (he kept her love conceal'd.
And with thole graces every day beheld
The graceful youth. Drydrn.

He could not have failed to add the oppolitiou of
ill fpirits to the good alone : this has biiixrio been
the praftice of the moderns. Dryd. Juvenal.

To correft them, is a work that has hitherto beea
adiimed by the leaii qualified hands. _ Stvifi.

Hi'therward. "1 ati-v. [hy^enpeapb.
Hi'therwards. J Saxon.] This way ;
towards this place.

Some parcels of their power are forth already,
And ot\\i biihenv.ird. Shhkejp. Ci.riJMUt,

The king himfelf in perfon hath fct forth,
Ot bifherivurds intended fpecdily. Shakeff.

A puifliint and mighty pow'r
Is marching bilberivard in proud array. Shakefp,

Look now for no enchanting voice, nor fear
The bait of honey "d words ; a rougher tongue
Draws bitberu-ard. Milton,

HIVE. »./. [hype, Sazon.j

1 . The habitation or artificial receptacle of
bees.

So bees with fmoke, and doves with noifome ftench.
Are from their iiizier and houfcs driv'n away, i'iaf .

So wand'ring bees would perilh in the air,
Did not a found, ptoportion'd to their ear,
Appeafe their rage, invite them to the hi-ve. IValler.

Bees have each of them a hole in their hi-ues ;
tlieir honey is their own, and every bee minds her
own concerns. Addifon.

2. The bees inhabiting a hive.

The commons, like an angry hive of bees
That want their leader,' fcaiter up and down. Sbti.

3. A company being together.

What modern mafons call a lodge, was by anti-
quity called a hive of free mafons ; and therefore,
when a difienfion happens, the going off is to this
day called fwarming. Smi/t.

To Hive. 'v.a. [from the noun.]

1. To put into hives ; to harbour.

Mr. Addifon of Oxford has been troublefome to
me : after his bees, my latter fwarm is fcarcely worth
Mving. Drydrn.

When bees are fully fettled, and the cluderatthe
biggeft, irarthcm. _ Mortimer's Hujhandry.

2. To contain, as in hives ; to receive, as
to an habitation.

Ambitious now to take excife
Of a more fragr.int paradife.
He at Fufcara's deeve arriv'd.
Where all delicious fweets are hi-j'J. CleavelanJ.

Te Hive. -v. ». To take iheltcr together;
to refide coUeftively.

He deeps bv day
More than the wild cat : drones hive not with me.
Therefore 1 part with him. SLikv/p.

In fummer we wander in a paradifaical fcence,
among groves and garderns ; but at this feal'on we
get into warmer houfet, and hi-je t»gether in cities.

Pope'e Letters.

Hi'ver. »./. [from hi-ve.'] One who puts
bees in hives.

Let the hiver drink a cup of good beer, and wafh
his hands and face therewith. Mortimer.

Ho. 1 iuterj. [eho / Latin. A (.all ; a
Hoa. j fuddcn exclamation to give no-
tice of approach, or any thing elfe.

What noife thereto? Sbakr/petrt.

Here dwells my father Jew : hoa, who's wuhin ?

Shakffprare.
StauA

»pr

H O A

Shukeff •■

\r

•j'fand ia •' fp«ak the word along.
>Wh«n 1 cried iaa !
Like K«y'> '''"S' wou'il ft"' forth, and cry,
lour « if" ^ . J, -I ..I ■ 'c

f.i\, rXai.n, what Ihepkrd owm that ragged Ihtep. .
' . Drjder,.'

HOAR. adj. [han, Saxon.]
I. White. . '

A people,. I. • ^ :

Whom Ireland (cm ixoqiloujbs and iofK^i-hnx. <

"Fairfax. ■
IfUndof Mifs, all alTaiillS
'* Baffling,'likelhy'£i><ircliSi> the loud lea wave.
T,,, - .,; •■, tbomfx.

z. Grey with zgif. I

Itg'jvtrn'J was and guided evermore ,

Through wii'iomof a matron'gravc arid I'oar. '

. ■ . ll'C ■> . .' . Sptnfcr.

Now iwamu the populare, a countlefs throng ;
Youth and btar ag^, and man drives m.ia along.

3. White with froft.

Hoar-frost, ff./. [Aoflr and yV^.] The
congelations ot dew in trolly mornings
on the grafs. i ■ > - . .

When the dew Was gone op, behold Upon ttie face
of the"wilderners there lay a ImaH round thiog, as
ftnall a» the haar-fiofi on the grtjiind. ^xoJ. ivi. lij.
In Farcnheit's thermometer, at thirty-two de- ,
grees the water in the air begins to freeze, which is
hoar-fi'Jis. Arbuthm,!.

HOAKD. n. f. [honb, Saxon.] A ftore
' laid up in fecrct ; a hidden (lock ; a trea- '
fure.

1 have a renturous fairy, that (hall feek
The fquincl'i board, and fetch thee thence new
nuts. Shakrfp.

They might have even ftarved, had it not been
for this providential referve, this board that was
ftowed in the ilrala underneath, and now fcaronably
difcloCed. H'ooiiviarj.

To Hoard, -v. n. To make hoards; to lay
op (lore. .

He fear'd not once himfcif to be io need, .
Norcar'd to ttard Im thofc whom be did breed.

Sfenfer,
Happy always was it for that Ton,
Whofe fatlier for his hoarding went to hell ? Sbak,

To Hoard. 1;. a.

1. To lay in hoards ; to hulband privily ;
to (lore fecretly.

The hoarded plague of the gods requite your love ?

Shahfp.

You hoard not healrh for your own private ule.
But OQ the publick I'pend the rich produce. Drydtn.

You will be uniuccefitui, ii you give out of a great
man, who is remarkable tor bis frugality tor the

Jublick, that he fquandera away the nation's mopey; ■
ul yovi may fakly rela:e tlut be board: it. . i

Arbutbnit'i An 0/ fjiiicat Lying.
A fuper6iious abundance tempt) us to forget Gud,
»hcn it is bo:trded\n our treafi^r^s, or confidercj as
a fafe, independent provifion laid up for rtatiy years.

Ro^t rs.

2. It is rometimes enforced by the parucle
«/.

I have juH occafion to complain of them, who be-
caufc they underftand Chaucer, would board him uf
as miCers do their grandam gold, only to look on it
thcfflfelves, and hinder others from making ufe otii.

Drydot.

The bafe wretch who boards uf all he can,
1« prais'd, and caii'd a careful ihriUy man. DryJ.

Hoa'rder.w /. [iiom /^oard.] One that
ftores up in fecret.

since commodities will be raifed, this alteration
will be an advantage to nobody but boarder, of
mooty. ixkf.

HoARHoUND. »./. [marruiiim, Latin.]
A plant.

tharhouird has its leaves and flower-cup covered
very thick with a while hoannefs : it is famoui for
the relief it gives in moilt atltimas, of which* thick

HOB

iand vifcous matter is the caufe ; but it is now litile

ufed. Hill.

Ho'ariness. 11, f, [from ^oar)'.] The ftate

of being whitiihi ; the colour of old men's

hair. '- ■■ • '.

He grows a wolf, his hoarinefs remains.
And the fame rage in other memben reign--. Dryd.

HOARSE, adj. [hap, Saxon ; hrerfch,
Dutch.] Havirig the voice rough, as with
a cold ; having a rough found.

Come, lit, lit,- and^a fon^,

Clap into't rouiidl^, without hawking or fpi't-

ting, or Ikying w«aee^j[<«>/>. i: . SbjJkjp.

The raven liimfeli is boarfc^ [ ^ . - • •\ ' '

That croaks the fatal enterance ot tluni;an .

Under iny battfements. ■ Shaiefp. Macbeth.

He fpcd his Heps 3lonj_t?ft"A&>/f irflbundifig iTiore.

.. ■!', '.-,1; -AT .y.« .j.i\... ■ Dryden.

The ftock-dove only thit)ugh the foieft cooes.

Mournfully ^Mr/i,. \ ip^,,', 'Thomfon.

Ho'aR4ely. ai/-u. \ifx^hiarje.'\ With a
rough harfh voice. . . .; .

The hounds atutarer.dillanfe-&i?n/J/>' bay'd ;
The hunter clofepurfa'i the vilfionary maid. Dryd.

Ho'arskness. n. f. [from Acc//^.] Rough-
nefs of voice.

The voice is fomctimes intiii^liidid by an hoarfi-
^^, or vifcous phlegm. 'f ■ Holder.

I had'a voice: in heav'n, ere fulph'rous fleams'
"Had damp'd it to a hoarfenefs. Dryd, King Arthur.

The want of it in the wind-pipe occations boarfe-
■neft in fbe giillet, and difficulty of fwallowing.

Arbuthnot an Alimeuts.

HO'.ARY. a<^'. [hap. hapunb, Saxon. See
Hoa'r.]

1. White ; whitifh.

Thus Ihc refted on her arm reclin'd.
The hoary willows waving with the wind. Addijon.

2. White or grey with age.

A comely palmer cl.id in black attire,
Ofripcft years, and hairs all ^«iry grey. Spenfer.

Solyman, marvelling at the courage and majelly
af the boary o\i prince in his fo great extremity,
dilmilTed him, and fcnt him again into the city.

Knoll.'sU Hilary,

Has then my boary head defenr'd no better.

Ro^e.

Then in full age and hoary holinefs.
Retire, great preacher, to thypromis'd blifs. Priot,

3. M'hite with froll.

The feafons alter i Awry headed'frofts
Fall in the frelh lap of the rrimfon rofe. • Sbaktff.

4. Mouldy ; mofly ; rufty.

There was brought out of the citv ioto the camp
very coar.'c, hoary, moulded bread. Knolja's Hijlory .

He's NOB. This is probably corrupted from
hab nab by a coarfe pronunciation. See
. Hab kab. > '■, •. .

His incenfcment at this moment is fo ilSnpIa'cabIc,
that fatisfa^lion can be none, but pangsof de.ith and
- .Icpulc^re : bobntb is bis word; giv't it,Qrtakf:'(.

_ .. Slal'fjp.

To HO'BBLE. f. n, [to hop, to hcpplf,Xo
hotbU.]

1. To walk lamely or ankwardly upon one
leg more than the other; to hitch ; to
walk with unequal and incumbered fteps.

The friar was hobbling the fame way too. Dryden.

Some pcrfons continued a kind of hobbling march
on the broken arches, but fell ihrofuh.' Addifm.

Was he ever able to walk without leafllng-ftrings
without being difcovercd by his hcbblivg f SmJ'i.

2, To move roughly or unevenly. Feet
being afcribcd to verfcs, whatever Is <3one
with feet is li.kewife afcribtd to them.

Thofc ancient Romans had a fort or extempore
poetry, or untuncablc b bbiing verfe. Dryd'jn.

While you Pindarick truths teheaife,
She hobbles in alternate verfe. Prior.

Ho'bble. K.f. [from the verb.] Uneven
aukwp.rcl j»riit.

HOC

O.ie of his heels is higher than the other, whkH
gives him a bobble in his gait. CuUiver's Travelt,

Ho'bbler; »./. [from /?'oi4)'']

For twenty babblers armed, Iriihmen fo called,
becaufe they ferved on hobbies, he paid lix-pence
a-piece per diem. Dairies.

Ho'ebmncl-y. ffi/x'. [from hobbleJ] Clum-

Cly ; aukwardly ; with a halting gait.
Ho'bby. n /. \I.iobereau, French.]

1. A fpecies of hawk.

They have fuch a hoverinj psfleflion of the VaU
toline, as an hobby bath over a lark. Bacon.

. The people will chop, like trouts at an ariiticial
. %,|aiid dare like. lark&. under the awe ofa.paiutod
hobby. ... L' EJlrange.

' l.arfcslie dar'd to (hun the hobby's flight. Dryd.

2. [Hcppe, Gothick, a horfe ; hobin,Vr.
a pacing horfe.] An Irifh or Scottifh
horfe; a pacing horfe; a garran. See
Hobbler.

3. A ftick on which boys get aftride and
ride. .' . ,. , .". , , ; •' .

Thofe grave contendei-s about opiiiionatjye triilec
look; like aged Socratts upon his boy's hoiHy^orft.

• Clanvili^.

'- As younj children, who are try'd in
Go.carts, to keep their fteps from Aiding,
Wlien members knit, and legs grow ftronger.
Make ule of fuch machine no longer %
But Ieap^io//i//», and I'cont
On hoifecaird bobby, or without. Prior,

No b'Aby horfe, with gorgeous top,
Coold With this Rod of Sid compare. Swift.

4. A ftUpid fellow. A •' ■ ■!■■■■ :.'

I have lludied eight* or nine wife .words to fpeak
to you , which thcfe boiby hfsrki muH not hear.

■ Sbakefp.

Hobgo'blin. n. /, [according to Skinner,
for robgoblins, from Robin Qoidfello<w, Hob
being the nickname of Robin : but more
probably, according to Wallis and 'Juniris,
bopgobiifts', empufes, becanfe they do not
mpv« their feet : whence, fays Wallis,
came the boys play of/Jv inihf h-Ae, the
fox always hopping on one leg.] A
frightful fair)'.

Fairies, black, grey, green and white,
Attend your office and your quality ;
Crier hobgoblin, m.ikc tlic fairy o-yes. Sbakefp,

Ho'bit. «./. A fraall mortar to flioot little
bombs.

Ho'bn ail. n.f. [from hobby and 7iaiJ^ 'A
nail ufed in fliocing a hobby or lihlC
horfe ; a hail with a thick ftrong head. '

Steel, if thou turn thine edge, I befcech Jove on
my knees diou may'll be turn'd into hobnails.

Sbakefp.

We Ihall buy maidens as they buy hobnails, by
the hundred. ' Sbakefp.

Ho'BfiAiLE'D. adj, [from'iSfiaai/.l .Set with

hQbnaiis. ,, . ..•";„'■. ';';^: '.;

WouM'ft Blou, f?[eh(},'"whVhart'^i)'!egs alone,
Would'It ihou,4o run the.grfmlk-f, thefe eXjjofr,
To a whole compahy of hubndif'ifihoci ) Dtyde^

HocK. //./ [The Tanic wWhoi/gh ; pbh,
Saxon.] 'I'he joint between the kne?
and the fetlock.'

To HoCK. 'V,

difableihtheHiick.
Hock. ' '.n •;: j , •XvJf. [frqtji Hockheim, on
Ho'cKAMORB. 5 the Ma/w.] Old ftrong

Kheniftvi r ■', "•/

.Kedor'd the fainting, high and mighty,
With brandy, wine, and ar^ua "jitee ;
And made *em lloutly overcome
With bachrach, '6oc^/iW(;rr and mum. Hudibrtts,
Wine becomes Iharp, as bock, like vitriolicic
acidity. Flayer,

. • ' If cyder-myal (houkl beoome unpleafant, and at
unlit to bottle as old haekumori, mix one hoglliead

of

[froni -thfe' liotfti.] yTo

HOG

of thjt md one of tart new cyder together.

Ho'cKH ERB. •./. \hock and herb.] A plant
the ftme with mallows. Aiu/xoorth

X» Ho'crtE. <v. a. [from had,"] To ham
ftring; to cut tlie fiuews abou.t't}ie haju
or hough. tJatimer.

HOCUS FOCUS. [The original of this
word is referred by Tittotfon to a form of
the RomLA church. Junius derives it
If Oil) hocced, W^Ifh, a cheat, and pfke and
p'Cui, a bag, jugglers nfing a bag for
con«yancc. It is cormpted from fome
words that had onoe a meaning,, and
which perhaps caanot be difcoverea.] A
juggle ; a cheat.

Thit gift oi hccus focujpng, andofdirguiBng mat-
ters, is (urprifing. L'ZftroKge.

flOD. ti.J. [corrupted perhaps in contempt
' "from hood, » hod being carried on the
head.] A kind of trough in which a la-
bourer carries mortar to the mafons.

A fotk and a hook to be tampering in ciay,
A lath, hammer, trowel, a bid or a tray. 'Tujpr.

Ho'dmak. n.j. [jE>»«and man,\ A labourer

that carrirs mortar.
Hodmando'd. »./. A fi(h.

Thofe that caft their (hell are the lohfter, the
crab, the crawfiib, and the bodmandei or dodman.

Baccn.
HoDGE-PODCE. n. /. [hache , pochi , hoche-
fttyifiz&yhacbisinpot, French.] A medley
of ingredients boiled together.

They have made our EngliOi tongue a gallimau-
frey. ot boJge-feJgfof all other fpeechet. Sfntfrr.

It prodttcrs cicclleot corn, whereof the Turks
make tlie trachana, and bouhourt, a certain bodge-
^Oi/^tfof fuudry ingredients. S.indyi^i T'raz'eis,

Hosit'itiAL. adj. {hodiernusi'Lalm.'] Of

to-day.
Hoe. It./, \houe, French; howwe Tiaid^.]

An inftrument to ctit up the earth, of

which, the blade is at right angles with

the handle.

They ftiould be thinned with a hoe. Mortimer.
Vo HeE. -v, a. \houer, French; hatewen,
Dutch.] To cut or dig with a hoc.

They muft be continually kept with weeding and
homg. Martimtr.

HOG. «./[/E>at;<r/?., Wellh.]
I. The general name of fwiiie.

Thii will raife the price of hogs, if we {row all
10 be pork-eaters. Sbuktff.

The bogy that plows not, nor obeys thy call.
Lives on (he labours of this Lord of all. Poft.

z. A caftrated boar.

3. Ho bring Hocs to a fair market. To
fail of one's defign.

You have brought your begs to a^nt market.

Spellator.

4. Hog is ufed in Lincolnfhirc for a,fheep
of a certain age, I think of two years.

Skinner.

Ho'ccote. tt.f. \hog and «/<■.] A houfe
for htjgs ; a hogity.

Out of a fmall hogcote fixty or eighty load of
dung hath been raifcd. Mortimer.

Ho'coEHEU »./. A two year old ewe.

Ainftxxrth .

HocH. n.J. [otherwife written ho, hew, or
hough, from hoogh, Dutch.] A hill ; ri-
fing ground ; a cliff. Obfolete.

That well can witnefs yet unto this day.
The wcflcni bogh, befprinki'd with the gore
Of tnighty Gocmot. fairy ^ueen.

Ho c H e R u . «. /. [hog and hyjib, a keeper. ]
A keeper of hogs.

HOI

• •••^nm'MutM'highfd and cowkeep«rare oiM lobe
ufed in ourjioclry , but there arc no tiner words in
rfte GAtk. Broome.

'Ho'corsH. <?^'. [from hog,] Having the
quiilities of an hog ; brutith ; greedy ;
felfilh- . . .

' 'S\iff icion Mi£»)iad, fonhe Inggijh (hrewihscfs of
her brain, and Mopfa, for a very unlikely eovy.

Sidney.

H o'c G I s H L Y. adv. [from higgJ/b.} G ree-
dily; felfifhly..

Ho'ccisHNESS. «./ [from hogg'ji.] Bru-
tality ; greedinefs ; feliilhncfs.

Ho'tJSBEANS. 1

Ho'gsbread. > n.f. Plants. Ainf<w.

Ho'ctMlJSHROOMS. J

Ho'g s f e n n e l. n.J. \hr>g and fennel. ] A
plant.

Ho'oSHEAD. \hts^'^^head.'\

1. A meafure of^liquids containing fixty-
three gallons.

Varro tells, that every jugeruin of vines yielded
fix hundred urns of wine: according 10 this propor-
tion, our acre Oiould yield fifty-live bag/headf, and
u little more. Ariuib/:ot.

2. Any large barrel.

Blow ftrongly with a pair of bellows in a iog-
Jhead, putting into it before, that which you would
have preferved ; and in the inliant that you with-
draw the bellows, rtop the hole. B.icon.

'I'hcy iluuj up one of their largeft hogjheads : 1
drank it off j for it did not hold half a pint.

Gulliver's 'Travels

Ho'csTY. n.f. [hog and fy.] The place
in which fwine are put to be fed.

The families of farmers live in filth and naftinefs,
without a Ihoe or Docking to their feet, or a heul'e
fo convenient as an Englilh hogjly. Swift.

Ho'gwash. ». /. \hog and lua/h.l The
draff which is given to fwine.

Your butler ptirloins vour liquor, and the brewer
fells you hcgwajlj. Arhutbnot's Hijl. of John Bull.

Hu'lDEN. ». /. [hoedeu, Welfh ; fcemina
le--Mcris fama, Latin.] An ill- taught
aukward country girl.

To Ho'iDEN-u. n. [from the noun.] To
romp indecently.

Some of them would get a fcratch ; but we al-
ways difcovered, upon examining, that they had been
koidenirg with the young apprentices. Suift.

7e HoisE. 'I'v, a. \haiiffer, French.] To
9~e Hoist. J raife up on high.

'Tis the fport to have the engineer boijl up with
bis own petar. Sbakejp. HamUi.

Join you with me ;
We'll quickly hoift duke Humphrey firom his feat.

Shakeff.
Woj/i-fail, and fly;
And in thy flight aloud on Gratis cry. Cbafman.

Auria had boifediii\, and was on his way toward
the bay of Naupadus. K/rJles't Uifiory.

They loofed the rudder bands, and hoijed up the
mainfaii to the wind, and m<kle toward fhore.

A^s xxvii. 40.

I'hat man which prizcth virttie foritlelf, and can-
not endure to boife and Itrike his fails, as the divers
natures of calms and fforms require, mull cut his
fails of mean length and breadth, and content him-
feif with a llow and fure navigation. Raleigb.

What made Abfalom kick at all the kindnelTcs of
his father, but becaufe his ambition would needs be
fingering the fccptie, and boijling him into his fa-
ther's tiirotie ? South.

We thought for Greece
The fails v<:n hoijled, and our fearsreleafe. Dryd.

They boift him on the bier, and deal the dele,
And there's an end. Dryden' s Per/.

What hafte Ihe made to iw)? her purple fails I
And to appear magnificent in flight.
Drew half our ftrength away. Dryd. AllforlMve.

rheir navy fwarms upon the coalb : they ciy
To boijl their anchon, but the gods deny. Dryden.

H O L

S»ze him, take, boifi him vp, break off h.«haU>
And tofs him headlong fcom the t«mplc'> » nil.

JStxiht'*
If 'twas an ifland where they found the QkII',
they flraightways concluded that tlie whole ifland
lay originally at the bottom of the fea, v^nd that it
was hoijhd up from fomc va^iour from beneath.

tt'ood-ward's Natural HiJIsry.

Hold, in the old glolTaries, is mentioned
in the fame fenfe with luold, i. t. a go-
vernoor or chief officer ; bat in fome other
places for love, as holdUc, lovely.

Gibfon's Camden,

Ta HOLD. v. a. preter. he/d ; part, paff.
he/dor ho/Jen. [Zi<iA/<7//, Gothick ; ))alT)an,
Saxon ; henden, Dutch.]

1. To grafp in the hand: to gripe; to
clutch.

Lift up the lad, bold him <n thy hand. Genefn.

France, thou may'll bold a ferpcnt by the tongue,
A falling tyger f.ifcr by tlie tooth,
Than keep in peace that hand which thou do'ft^o/i/.

Suakej'f.

2. To conneft ; to keep from feparation.
The loops beid oae cuilau to anotlier.

Exod. xxxvi. t3.

3. To keep; to retain ; to gripe faft; not
to let go.

Too late it was for Cityr to be told,
Or ever hope recover her again ;
In vain he feeks, that having caaiiot bitd.

Fairy ^ueen.
Prove all things ; bold fad that which is good.

i 'nef. 1.

4. To maintain as an opinion.

Thou hart there them that hold the doflrint of
Balaam. Re^.

5-. To conlider ; to regard.

I as a llrangcrto my heart and me
Hold ihcc from this for cvei. Sbakef^are.

6. To think of ; to judge with regard to
praife or blame.

I boldhim but a fool, that will endanger
His body for a girl that loves him not. Shah/f,

One amonglf the faircrt of Greece,
That holds his honour higher than hiseafe. Sbak.

This makes thee blefled peace fo light to bold,
Like Summer's flies that fear not Winter's cold.

Fairfx,

If,ld(\ich in reputation. i'hillifs.

He would make us amends and fpend fome time
with us, if we held his company and conference
agreeable. Bacon.

As Chaucer is the father of Englifh poetry, fo I
Wi^liim in the fame degree of veneration as the
Orfc\inf held Homer, or the Romans Virgil. Dryd.

Ye Latlan dames, if any here
Hold your unhappy queen Amata dear ! Dryden.

7. To receive, and keep in a veffel.
She tempers dulcet creams, nor thcli: to bold

Wants her fit vcffels pure. Milttit,

8. To contain; to receive into its capacity:
as, a hoglhead hc/ds fixty-three gallons ;
the fack is too little to ho/d the grain.

9. To keep ; not to fpill.

, Broken cirterns that can bold no water. yet cm.

10. To keep ; to hinder from efcape.
For this internal pit ihall never hold

Cclellial Ipirits in bondage. Milton,

1 1 . To keep from fpoil ; to defend.

With what .irms
We mean to t-Jd what anciently we cbiia
Ofempire. Milttn,

12. To keep from lols.

Man fhould better bold his place
By wildom. Miiton.

13. To have any Ration.

The ftar that bids the (hcjilierd fold ;
Now the top of hcav'o doth bold. Miltcn.

And now the Itrand, and now the plain they held ;
Their ardent eyes witli bloody llrcaks were fill'd.

Drydtn.
Obfetvc

H O L

Obfcrve the youth who firft appears in fight.
And MJt the iKirell lUiion to the light. Dryden.

14. To poffefs ; to have.

HiUmg Corioli in ihe name of Rouei
Even like a fawning greyhound in the leafli.
To let him flip at will. Shahfp.

The Cdllle, holJfn by 3 ^ rrifon of Germans, he
commanded to be befiegcd. Knollrs'i Hijlory.

AtTuredJy it is more ih-ime for a mail to lole that
which he ielJnb, than to fail in getliog that which
he never had. Hajut/ard.

15. 1 o pofTefs in rubordination.

~ He was willing to field himfelf unto Sotyman «s
ki> valTat, and of him to b'Jd hit feigniory for a
yearly tribute. Kr.dles.

The terms toohard by which I was to hold
The good. Milton.

l5. To fufpend; to refrain.

Men in the midli of their own blood, and fo furi-
OoHy aliailed, held their hands, contrary to the laws
of nature and ncceility. Bacon.

Death I what do'a ! O hold thy blow I
What thou do'it, thju do'll not know. Crt\Jhatu,

Ijl. Toftop; to reArain.

We cannot Md mortality's ftronc hand. Sbake/f.
fell, banning hag I inchantfsfti m/^ thy longut.

When ftrait the people, b/oo force compcU'd,
Nor longer from their inclination Irtd,
Break forth at once. fValltr.

Utiicfsthou find occalion, h^d ihy tongue ;
Thyfelf or others, carelcfs talk may wrong. Dertk/m.

Hold yoM- laughter, thea divert yovr fellow,
fervaois. Sv/ifi.

18. To fix to any condition.

His gracious piumile you might,
As caufe had call'd yoj up, have i:>'/i^him to. Slai.

19. To keep ; to five.

Suy but a little ; for my cloud of dignity
la Md from falling with To weak a wind.
That it will i|uickly drop: my day is dim. Siais/f.

30. To confine to a certain (late.

The Moft High then ihcwcd figns (or them, and
iUd ftill the HooU, 'till (hey were palled over.

1 f/dr. jiii. 14.

2 1 . To detain j to keep in confincinenc or
fubjeiflion.

Him God hath raifcd up, having loofed the pains
of death, becaulc it was not polEble that be Oiould be
btldnio{\t. Aa$.

22. To retain ; to continue.

Thcfe reafbnsmov'dhcr ftar-like hufband's heart ;
But (Vill he hild his purp^fe to depart. Drjdcn.

22. To praftife with continuance.

Nigl.t
And chaor, ance^ors of nature, bold
Eternal anarchy. UTilto*.

24. Not tointirmit.

Seed-time and harvett, heat and hoary froft,
Shall tiJd [heir courfe. Milton.

25. To fo.'emnize ; to celebrate.

The i)ueen this day here holdi her parliament,
But little thinks we (hall be of her council. Sbaltrfp.
He irU « Icaft lo his houle like (he feaft 01 a
!('■«• I. Sm.

a6. To conferve ; not to infringe.
Her hulUnd beard ii, ud held his peace.

Numi. m. 7.
She laid, and i*/rf her peace : /Encsti went,
l/'nknowing whom the r«ied flbyl meant. Drjdrn.

27. To manage; to handle intelleauaily.

Some in their difcouile dcfire rather commenda-
tion of wit, m being able 10 told all arguments,
than of judgment in difceming what is true. Bucen.

aS. To oiainiain.

Whereupon ihey alfo made engines againll their
eoginci, and ield them battle a long feafon.

„, > 'W-if. vi. 51.

29. 1 o carry on conjunftively.

TbePharifeesi«/rfacouncilagainfthim.;W«rrirtu.
A while difcoutfe ihcy bold. Miliwi.

30. To profecute ; to continue.

He came 10 the land's end, vvhere he balding his
eourie towards the Well, did at lepglh peaceably pafs
lk(«u^ ttu fttiUtl. Al/iil.

H O L

31. To HoL D forth. To offer, to exhibit ;
To propofc.

Chriftianity came into the world with the greateft
limplicity of thought and language, as welt as life
and manners, holding Jbrth nothing but piety,
charity, and humility, with the belief of the Mefliah
and ol his kingdom. Temfle.

Obferve the connexion of ideas in thepropofitions,
which books bald forth and pretend to teach as
truths. Lcckf.

My account is fo far from interfering with Moles,
that it holds forth a natural interpretation of his
fenle. iVoodviard.

32. To Hold yir/A. To protend ; to put
forward to view.

How joyful and pleafant a thing it is lo have a
light held \i% forth from heaven to dize^ ourlteps !

Ck'yn'.

33. To Hold in. To reilrain ; to govern
by theb.-idle.

1 hav< lately f«ld my cag, andihoneftly told his
greatclt fault, which is, that he became fuch a lover
of libert)f, that I could fcarce hold him in. Sivifi.

34. 7«UoLDr«. To cedtain in general.

Thefe mens lul\!ne<i the. wariet fort of you doth
not commcDd ; ye wilh they had held themfelves
loogci im, ami nfjl & daagcroally liuwa abroad .

Hooker,

35. To Hold of. To keep at a diftance.

Although 'tistii that Calfio have his place ;
Yet if you pleal'e to hild him ojft while.
You fiiall by that perceive liim. Shatefp. Othello.

The objet'l of fight doth (trike upon the pupil of
tlie eycdireftly, without aoy interception; nheieas
(he cuvt of iht ear doth hM <^'ibe found a little
from the organ. Bacon.

I am the better acquainted wiik you iot abfence,
as men arc willi thcnilclves for affiiSion : ab&nce
docs but hold off i Iriend, to make a friend, to
make one fee him truly. Pofe f S-aiift.

36. To Hold »ar. To continue j to pro-
trafl; to pu(h forward.

They took B.irbarofi'a, holding on his covirfe to
Atrkkj wbo beought great fear upon the countiy.

KnolUi^S Hijtory.

IftheObidieoce challenged were indeed due, then
did our brethren both begin the quarrel and bold i 1 on.

Sau»der/on.

37. To Hold out. To extend; to ftretch
forth.

The King held oat to Eftber the golden fceptie
that was in his hand. £/lb. v. 2.

38. To Hold out. To offer; to propofe.
Fortune boldt out thefe to you as rewards.

Ben fonfin.

39. To Hold out. To continue to do or
fuffer.

He cannot long hold out thefe pangi,
Th' incetlani care and labour of bis mind. Sbaktff.

40. To Hold t<f. To raife aloft.

1 Hiouid remember him : does he not bold up his

head, as it were; and Itrut in his gait> Hhakrjp.

The hand of ihe Almighty vilibly htld up, and

prepared tv take vengeance. Lrjtke.

41. To Hold tip. To fuftain ; to fupport
by influence or contrivance.

1 here is no man at once either excellently good
or extiemcly evil, but glows either as he haldi him-
felt »^ in virtue, or lets himfcIf Hide to vicioufnefs.

Sidney.

It followeth, that all which they do in this foil
procredeth originally from fomefuih agent as know-
eib, appoinieiii, holdttb up, and adiually framcth
tlie fame. Hooker.

The time miforder'd doth in common fenfc
Crowd us, andcruni us to ihismonlhcnis form.
To held our fafety up. Shakefp.

And fo fuccefsof mifchief (hall be borne.
And heir from heir Ihall hold his quarrel up. Sbak.

Thofe princes have held up their fovcreignly bell,
which have bce/i fparing in thofe grants. Dai'iri.

Then do not ftrike him dead with a denial,
But hold him lep in life, and cheer his foul
With the faint {limnMhog of a doubtful hope.

Addi/on'i Cato.

H O L

42. To keep from falling ; materially.

We have often made one corifiderably thick piece
of marble take and hold up another, having pur-
pofely caufed their fiat furfaces to be careftilly ground
and polilhed. • Boyle.

To Hold. 1;. ».

1 . To ftand ; to be right ; to be without
exception.

To fay that fimply an argument, taken from
man's authority, doth hold ao way, neither affirma-
tively nor negatively, is hard. Hooker.

This htldilh not in the fea-coafts. Bacon.

The lafting of plants is molt in thofe that are
largelt ot body; as oak, elm, and chefnut, and
this holdeti in trees ; but in herbs it is often oonttary.

Bktc^n.

When the religion formerly received is rent by
difcords, and when the hahnefs of the protetifcrs of
religion is decayed, and full of fcandal, and wfthd
the times he Uupid, ignorant, and barbarous, you
may doubt the fpringing up of a pew fcdi; if then
alfo tliere (hould arife any extravagant and ftrange
fpirit, to make hinifclf author thereof j aU whicfc
points held when Mahomet publiOied his law,

Sacon,

Nothing can be of greater ufe and defence to the
miad than the difcoveriiig of the coteurs of good anl
evil, Ihewingin what cafes they hold, and m what
they deceive. Bacon.

VVheie outward force conftrains, thefentence holds j
But wl^oconfttains me > Milttn,

None of his folutions will hold by mere mecha-
Oi'^ks-. More.

This unfcen agitation of the mioute parts will
hold in light and Qiirituous liquors. Boyle,

The drift of this figure holds good in all the parts
of the creation. L'Ejlrange.

The reafons given by them againft the worilnp of
images, will e<}«iiUy hold agamlt the worlhip of
images amoogU Chrittiaiis. Stillingfleet,

It holds in all operative principles wliailoever,
but efpecially in fwch as relate to jnorality; in
which not to proceed, is certainly to go backward.

South.

The pro*erb holds, that to be wife and love,
It hardly granted to the gods above. Urydtn's tables.

As it th' eiperiment were made to hold
for bafe produflioii and rejedt the gold. DryJkn.

This remark, I mutt acknowledge, is not lo pro-
per for the colouring as ihe defign j but it will hold
forhoth. Dryden.

Our author offers no reali>n ; and when any body
does, we Oiall fee whether it will hold or no4 . i^cke.

The rule holds in land as well as all othei coristo-
diiies. Locke.

This feems lo botd'm moft cafes. Addifon.

The analogy bMs good, and precifely keeps to
the fame properties in the planets and comets/

Cheynt.

Sanflorius's experiment of perfpiration, being to
th ioiher fecretions as five to three, does not hold io
this country, cJKcpt in the hottcit time ot Summer.
Aihuthnot on Aliments,

In words, as falhions, the fame rule will W</;
Alike fantaftick, if too new or old. I^ope.

2. To continne unbroken or unfubdued.

Our force by land hath nobly held. Shaktfp.

3. To laft ; to endure.

We fee, by ihe peeling of onions, what a holding
fubftance the (kin is. Bucon,

Never any man was yet fo old.
But hpp'd his lite one Winter more might hold.

Denbam,

4. To continue without variation.

We out (tate
Hold, as you yours, while our obedience holds.

Milton.
He did not hold in this mind long. L'EJirange.

5. To refrain.

His dauntlefs heart would fain have held
From weeping, but his eyca rebcll'd, 'D'yden.

6. To ftand up for; to adhere.

Through envy of the devil came death into the
woiid, and they that do bold of his tide do find it.

hi/d. ii. 24.
They mull, if Uicy bold 10 their ptiuciples, agree

that

A<b:Ti

that dunp haa thcit prbduftJorf Stf*ii^ »» tm> ih«i-
htvc. ■ ,^ ""''■

When GranaJi for your uncle It.J,
You H« by u« rcftor'djiand licetpcU'J. Dryjen.

With the fait fietkled king andbca;;d <>[?< ' ' :

So vij'rous^rc hit eyes.luchjrays lUty cji'i, '

So' firnfninent his eagle's Iseaft is-jilad"!. ■^Dt'jVtn^

". To be dependant on. ••''■' i ■■ ;-

' The other two were great princes, though hold'n'g

of him; men both oi giant-like hugeiicfs and tor«.

, . ; , Si amy.

The mother, if the houfe telJs of the- lady, liad

rather, yea and »villflia?e*erfon cunning and bold.

.J Afhdm.

The peat barons-Ka* Hot only gitat rtumbcrs-of

kmghts, but even petty barons h-Jding under them.

7i •<; ., -. -1 vlun :<■. . ^t'-" -Trnflc.

6-iMv •."il.iie.anJ^joA/jofnono. '!/)»></.

S.To- 'r.' '^'■- ■',■; S 'J:'"',.

' *Ti^ true, t:^!r. TOrccthiT.afcleftTitfe ffng* r ' '
' ItlitreforeifeWfrom that-whicB 6pft^wd^!-lli)lgs••
^; Tti tetntaiA an. opinicn. ';■;:'.;, ; •'','!■

Meil *»/</ and ' profels without ever havlftS t*a-
I'rtnlned, , ■ .- . - i ' ■• : ^^*'-

|o. To HoLD/ort*. TAhaKmguej_|»%^k
in publick ; to fet fortlipublickly.,. , ,

A petty conjuior, telling fortunes, heid ifatth Xn
the market place. .UEjlranzr.

11, foHoLp;//. To refttain one's felt. '

I am full of the fury of the Lord-: 1 '*m. weary
with AoWi'/^ /«. 7«vvi. <i.

12. ToH-OLDw. TofctfntinAiethluckf, ,
A duke, playing at h?iard,./^/^' in a greatmihy

• hands (ogethef. - - ■ . ..^7"'/'-

fj. 9"!! Hold 0^. To keep at a tliftance
•^ wiiliout cloiing with offers. .j

Thefe are intcrefts important enough, and jet

• we mulk be vrooed. to confider them; ray, that
does not prevail neithir, fcut with a perverfetoynefs
vizhMoff. ' ■ Decay nfPUiy.

14. To Hold ck. ,To,coati;«ue; not to be
intertupted. .-,; ■ i

The trade held en for many years after the bi-
fhoptbecameProteftanls; and fome of their names
are Hill remembered with iaiimy,, on account of en-
riching their families by fuch facrilegious alienations.

Sviifi.

15. TffHoLDew. To proceed.

He held on however, 'till he was upon the very
point of breaking. VEJIrange.

16. To Hold .c«/. To lajft.; to endure.
Before thofc dews that form manna come upon

tree* in the valleys, they diffipale, and cannot Wt'
0itr, ■ Bacon,

As there are mountebanks for the natural body
fo are there mountebanks for the politick iody ;
men that perhaps have been lucky in two or three
txpcrimcnts, but want the grounds of fcience, and
therefore cannot htld out. Hacon.

Truth, fidelity, and juftice, are a fure way ol
thriving, .ind will hold nut, when all fraudulrnt arts
and devices will fail. ' ■ ■' THloifm.

By an extremely eiaft regimen « confumptive
perfon may bold out for year*, if the fymploms are
not violent. .0 n. : ' Arbulbnoi.

17. To Hold out. Not to yield; not to
be fubdued.

The great mafter went with his company to a
place where the -Spaniards, fore charged by Achi-
metes, had much ado to hold out. Knullrs'^ hiftcry.

You think it ftrange a perfon, obfcquious to ihofe
he loves, (hould hold ovt fo long agairtft impotlu-
nity. %''•

Nor could the hardeft ir'n hold out
Againft his blows. Hudibras.

I would cry now, my eyes grow womanilh ;
But jretmy heart holds out. Dryd. Sfanfjb Fiyar.

The cit.idel of Milan has held out lormcrly, after
the conqueft of the rell of the dutchy. AdJiJon.

Pronounce your thoughts; are they ftill fixt
To ioWit ou:, and hght it to the laft ?
t)r are your hearts fubdu'd at lin til, and vmiught.
By time and ill fuccefs, to \ fubmiiiion, Addlfon.

■ ' M to »\\t'ha/Jltig mil ajainft fo minji ileraiioM
of llatc, it fomelimes pioceeds froiri principlet. .

•,,.[.,. -, Cotli&oaPrjde.
18. To Hoi D A^^Arfrv'TOibejpined., ..

. Ihofc old Gothick cafltesTO»dt at fevcral »!««,
io/dtcgcili. r unly, as it were, by arags and patches. ,
,., ., .■ Dryden.

i^jT9\ioi.i* Hgtthtr^ To remain in union.

Even otitliWs ^*n* toM)ci4, who break with all the
world bofiJts, myil keep faith amonglt themfelves,
or elfcthey'csiinot'Ao.'tfro^/A/'r. lacic.

20; 7"^ HbLD «/. To fupport himfelf. ■ •

'AH Ihe^ wife fayings wliich philofophfrs ■ coulU
mullet lipi 'h'Jve helprtl only to fupport <bm«' f«w
llout and obftinate minds, which,. wirfiOiittbo aflift-
ancc' of -philofophy, aoald have bttdiip frcity yell
of.ihemfelvca. I i'., . .....1 . 'li'ltt^HV-

21. Tt Hold uji. Not to be foul weather.

.1. .ThougB t^<Kand dark like point appear, i .
Quoch'Ralph, it may hold uf and clear. • lUiihrai.'

32. To Hoi.D.«/. To continue the fame
fpeed. ■■ . '■ . .

' When tAoftart (hto the Avorld'togeflrw, the fuc-
cefs offhC.tirft (eenls'to-pfcrs upon-I^ie repulatkin of
'the latter: fer *hycouMHiot heMdiuf^f

i ... ill,.! *r. . .'. ■( '" '• • ' '■' Collier o/Emy.

23. 7V Ho Lb^vi'ft'CFy' adhere to; ta-co-

operatfi: with. , • -■ -v, , ■ . . .

There is none that boldeth lu'ith me in there thingx

but Michael. . Daniel.

Hold has the appearance of an intenec-
1 tion ; but is the imperative mootL For-
- bear; ftop; be ftill. ' .

■ 'HM,-ha'. lieutenant— fir— Montano 1 Centk-

• ^ - men, - ■ ' . i.

• Have yfeu forgot all fenfe of place and duty ? 1

' The general fpeaks toyoa— hold, held, for (liamel
; '. Shakeff,

Hold, hold', are all thy empty wilhes fuch !
A goad old woman would have/aid as much. Dryd.
Ho 1 D. «./. [from the verb.]
1; The aft of feizing; gripe ; giafp ; feiznre.
It is ufed with great frequency, both li-
terally and figuratively, both for manual
and intelleaual agency. The verbs with
which it is oftenell united, are mke, lay,
and hifue. : ' - .'. : u .:

Thof« bards delivered no certain truth of any
thing ; neither is there any-certain hiJd to be tak.n
of any antiquity which is received by tradition.

i.,(. {- T r; Spen/eron Ireland.

Th* ,wVts o{ the multitude are fuch, that many

thiagvthey cannot'/^' /joW on at once. Hooker.

'. Uj2ah put forlb lus baud to .the vk of Cod, and

' tooi h'Jd o(\U ff rihe oxen (hooTc it. 2 Sam. vi; 6.

This is to give him liberty and power : '

Rather thou (hould 'ft lay bold upon himj /end him

Todrferv'd dcath^niid a jull punilhmert; Ben Jonf.

I,ct but them
Tlnd'cburagc 10 /.iv A-W on- tliis.oocailon. Milton.
The devii himlelf, ,when:l.ei loof.? upon Job, could
not tranfpiort that i-aiiSnt-gOfdiinan bay*'*! bis. tem-
per, or make him quit hi8-.*>o/</. , Vii/iraiige.
He'fciie'd<lie)Hiuina^piigh with griping ^3/,/, . ,
And rent aw'ay .wuli.c.iTc the ling'rinc gol'd. Diyd'.
The hand Ts dividtd into four fingers bending
forwa,rds, and one oppofite to them bending back-
wards, and of greater ftrength than any of them
fingly, which we call the thumb, to join with them
feverally or united, wheichy it is fitted to lay bold ol
objefls of any fize or quantity.' Ray onlheCreatiin^

Yet then, from all my grief, O Lord,
■fhy mcfty fet me fret, '

WliiUt in the confidence ofjjrayV,
Myfoul'/ic^Wi/'onthee. ■■■ Adiifon.

Wp ai'c rtTangcly backward ^Itff-hold of this late,
this only method of cure. ■ ' Alterbuiy.

He kept his h'oU,
Nor loft 'till beauty was decay'd and old.
And love was by polTcflion pall'd and cold. Granv.

2. Something to be held ; fupport.

If a man be upon an high place, without raili or
good hold, he is icady to lall. Bae^n.

3. Power of keeping.

15 'CW

On your vieour now.
My bold of (his new kingdom all depends. MihtH,

you. : SMiff-

4. Catch; power of feizing.

] The law itUH^iet aftotli.-r h^fdofi

5. Pxifon ; ^Hceot

' ■ ^They lay him in

un'o the ncirtdayl '^ '•— ^ '
6. Cufk)dy. , ,

King RichaV '
( •OfBolingbiok-.

,!7'., Pb*(ci'r'inr

Rural recrcu
are the innoc'ti;

'fndker.
DVydrn.

\.i- ihfrr. in hold
A(H.

,1

.''

\ he rnin'^.
1 ,~ I - /
at hi^me,

n ■.. v.ljoiseYjr

wife; and give foityive /vo mart held af him tham

ofueceUiivl^; m-,.'!. ' ' ■^"' •" " ■■ ' ' ' ' /M-^w. *

! '■ Fear i '' ■ . . ..^.„

' Over vi,:. : the

fuielt it,/,( ol .1,.. , i.:iifon.

Let it confirf ^'itli an unW!ic«r'« iittercft 'and

fafety to wrong yoB, and then it will be impoffibfe

you can have any hold upon him, btc^ufu th4re is t

nothing left to give hima check, or t6 putintheHja-

lance againft hit fraht. . '' ^ t-S/ft/'Ji.

8> Hold of a Hhiji. All that part which
i lies betwfeen the ^ kiieiftjn rand ftfe' \6^fx

deck. ' ■'' ' ] ' ■ , Ji^rrtt'

, Now afea into the ia/i/wasgot,

, Wave upon wave another fea had wrought. Dryden.

9. A lurking place: as, the hold of a wild

• beaft or deer.
'lo. A fortified place ; n fort; a faferefidence.'

. .It washispohcy to leave no bold behind him;

■ but make till pl.rin and wafle. Sfen/iy.

Thefe feparatcd themfelves unto David, inio thel

bold to the wildernels, men of might. Chrcn.

He (hall deftroy the Itrong holds. "Jeremiah.

Ho'lder. n.f. \{iomhold.\

1. One that holds or gripes any thing in his-
hand.

The makers and holders 6f plows are wedded to
their own particular way. Moriimrr.

2. A tenant; one ttiat holds land under

another. . . 1 . ■ '

In times paft hpldlngs ^re (o pTeiitifuI, and

holders fo fcarcc, as well was the" landlord, who

could get one to be hislenant. Carcw,

Holder fo'rtH . »../. [^hold vmi forth. '^ Aa

harangue r j one who fpeaks in publick. ■

Whence ume tub) Wi/<'ij/or/^ have made
In powd 'rlhg'tubs tlie ri;(irlt trade. HuJiirat.'

He was confirmed in this iipiriion upon feeing the
holdeiforih. ' ' Addi/oii.

Ho'ldfast. ft. f. \h0i4 va^:f<ift.'\ Any
thingwhich takes hol'd; a catch;ahook.

'r'he feveral teeth are turnilhed with boldfaJIs
fuitable 10 the ftrcfs that they are put to. Ray.

Ho'LDlNG.Vy./ [fromW</.]

1. ieniire; farm. <

Holdings were fo plentiful, and hoMers lb fcarce,
. UK ell was the landlord who could get a tenant.

,'.',n' '; ' ■ Carrot.^

2. It f metimcs Cgoifies the burthen or
chorus of a fong.

The holding every man (hall biat dsloud
As his ftrong (ides can volly. Shakefpeait.

Hole. «./. [f^ol, Dutch ; hole, Saxon. j
I. A cavity narrow and long, either per-
pendicular or hprizontal.

The earth had not a hole to hide this deed. Shai.

Al.i.i-miiiic is fo difpofcd, ih'at it fJiall draw untd
;•, -..-d plane, a buUA of fted, which, as

, .!:• to the loadftont, may fall down

fi.;.!' - .. ion-,c ijolcf and fo return to ihc place whence
it '•■.-^■in to move. W./Uks'i D^doh}.-

There are the tops of the mountains, and under
their roots in holes and caverns the air is often de-
tained. Burnet.
9. A jierforation; afmallinterflici.ni vacuity.

Look upon linen that has i'mM holes in it: thofe

hclft appear black, men ate oMsd deceived io taWhg

1 itlet

H O L

Ults for fpots of ink ; and pjinteri, to rfiirefent
iiA/, make ufe of black. Bsjle.

g. A cave; a hollow place.

Upon his bloody finger he doth wear
A precious ring, that lightens all the bale. Shaieff.

4. A cell of an animal.

A tortoife fpcnds all iis days in a bole, with a
houle upon his head. L'EJlrange.

I have frighted ants with my fingers, and purfued
the"" " f'' '3 another hale. Hopping all paliages to
their own neit, and it was natural for them to fly
into the next hole. AdJiJin.

5. A mean habitation. Hole is generally
nfed, unlefs in /peaking of manual works,
with feme degree of diflike.

When Alexander firlt beheld the face
Of the great cynick, thus he did lament ;
How much more happy thou, that art content
To live within this little hole, than I
Who after empire, that vain quarry, fly. Dryden.

6. Some fubterfuge or (bift. Ainfaiorth.

7. Arm-hole. The cavity under the (houlder.

Tickling is tnoft in the foles, and under the arm-
bolet and fides. Bacon.

Ho'lidam n.f. \bolj dame.'l Blefled lady.

Hanmer.
By my bolidam, here comes Cathariiw. Sbakejf.
Ho'lilv. ad-v. [from ^o/y.]
t. Pioufly ; with fanctity.

Thou would'lt be great,
Alt not without ambition; but without
The illnefs Ihould attend it : what thou would'ft

highly,
That wouldlt ihou bollly. Sbakefftare.

' 2. Inviolably ; without breach.

Friendlhip, a rare thing, in princes, more rart
between princes, that fo balilji was obferrcd to the
)aft of ihofe excellent men. Sidney.

Ho'liness. n.f. [from A»^.]

1. Sanftity; piety; religious goodnefs.

HI it doth befeem your hoUnrfs
To feparate the hulband and the wife. Shakefp.

Religion is rent by difcords, and the bol'meft of
the profelTors is decayed, and full of fcandal. Bacon.

Then in full age, and hoary holinefs.
Retire great teacher, to thy promis'd blifs. Prior,

We fee piety and h^linr/i ridiculed as morofe fin-
gulariiies. _ Rigeri.

2. '1 he {late of being hallowed ; dedication
to religion.

3. The title of the pope.

1 here appeal unto the pope.

To bring my whole c lufe 'fore his boftnefi. Skakeff.

His boline/i has told fome Engljlh gentlemen,

tlut thofe of our nation (hould have the privileges.

AdJiJt,n tn Italy .

Holla, interj. [hela, French.] A word

nfed in calling to any one at a diftance.

Lift, lift ! I hear
Some far off holla break the filent air. Milton.

y« Holla, t/. n. [from the interjection.
This word is now vitionfly written hollo
by the bcft authors : fometiroes halloo.}
To cry out loudly.

But I will find him when he lies afleep.
And in his ear I'll holla Moriimet ! &bakefpeare.
Vlhu halloing and what ftir is this to-day. Shak^

Ho'lland. n./. Fine linen made in Hol-
land.

Some for the pride of Tutkifti courts defign'd
For folding lurbanu fineft bolland bear. Dryden.

Ho'llow. adj. [from ht.le.']

I, Evacuated; having a void fpace within •
not folid. '

It is fortune's ufe
To let the wretched man outlive his wealth.
To view with h'.llm, eye and wrinkled brow
An age of poverty. Sbakrfp. Merchant ;/ y.„ic.

Some fearch lor bolUtu trees and fell the woods.

Hefrtis. he fumes, he flares, he ftamps the groundj
W«e*o//«'wrow'nwithclamoutitmeaioun<l. Dry J
Vol. I.

H O L

2. Noify like found, reverberated from a

cavity

The fouthern wind,
Now by his bollnv whilUing in the leaves,
Foretelsatempeft. Shakejfeare.

fhence ilfu'd fuch a blaft and hollotu roar,
AS thrcaten'd from the hinge to heave the door.
XT r • L r . Dryden.

• JNot laithful; not found; not what one
appears.
Who in want a boUo-v., fnend doth try,
« ;/ ^^^°^^ him his enemy. Hhakefp. Hamlet,
"ffw chuich papilts are like the roots of nettles,
leaves '''^* "'"S °<"! >"" l>"f all the dinging

IT ,- Ba:sn.

He feem'd.
But all was falle and boll^-w. Milton.

Ho'l LowH E A RT E D. a^-. [M/inv and iS^ar/. J
Dilhoneft ; infincere ; of praftice or fenti-
luent differing from profeilion.

What could be eipeded from him, but knotty and
crooked hollo-wheartej dealings ? Hotvel.

The bollmihearted, difalTeiaed,
And clofe mal ignants arc deteaed. Hudiiras.

Ho L LOW. tt.f.

I. Cavity; concavity.

I've heard myfelf proclaim'J,
And by the happy holloiv of a tree
Efcap'd the hunt. Sbakefpeare', King Lear.

1 fuppofe there i> fome vault or ballu-w, or ille,
behmd the wall, and fome palVage to it. Bacon,

Againft the horfe's fide his fptar
He throws, which trembles with enclofed fear;
Whilft from the bollovis of his womb proceed
Groans, not his own. Denbam.

Himtelf, as in the holltnu of his hand.
Holding, obedient to his high command.
The deep abyfs. p„v.

2. Cavern; den; hole.
Who art thou, that lately did'ft defcend

Into this gaping hoilatv o{ the earth ? Shakefp.

Forelts grew
Upon the barren iellawi, high o'erfliading
The haunu of favage beafts. Prior,

3. Pit.
A fine genius for gardening thought of forming

Inch an unfightly btltnu into to uncommon and
agreeable a fcene. Addifon.

4. Any opening or vacoity.
He touched the hollo-w of his thigh. Cen.xxii. ac.

J. Paffage; canal.

The little fprings and rills are conveyed through

httle channels mto the main bollov ot the aque-

_<'"5- , . '^''•^'f'"' O" Ualy.

/« Ho LLOw. T. a. [from the noun.] To
make hollow ; to excavate.

Trees, rudely io/Zotj,'^, did the waves fuftain,
Erefhipi in triumph plow'd the watry plain. Dryi
Multitudes were employed in the finking of wells',
and the hollo-wing of trees. SpeBator.

To Hollow. 1;. n. [This is written by
neglcdl of etymology for holla. Sec
II o L l A . ] To (hou t ; to hoot.

This unfecn judge will wait, and in your ear
Will Ijclltm, rebel, tyrant, murderer. Dryden

I pafs for a dir.iffcaed perfon and a murderer,"
becaufe I do not hoot and bdltru.', and make a noife.

LT -LI.. I Addifon,

Me with hii hounds comes holloviine from the
nable.
Makes love with nods, and kneels beneath a table.

Hollowly, ad-v. {From hollo'w,]

1. With cavities.

2. Unfaithfully; infincerely; difhoneftly.

O earth, bear witnefs.
And crown wharl profcfs with kind event,
It I fpeak true ; it hollowly invert
What bert is boaded me, to mifchief I Sbake/p

You (hall arraign your confcience.
And trv your penitence, if it be found,
Or hollowly put on. Shakefptarc

Ho'llowhess. n.f. Ifzomhello'w.}

HO L

I. Cavity; ftate of being hollow.

be alitH" rr •^"^ ^"""'' ««P' they^happento
nJrl ,^'f'"^"^ '" "'^ ""'"S. which iJ//«f.
»</^pen„cththea,r. g^„„,.

that , hi.'/"" ""I' '"''"' "P ^y ^ ft™"e ^i»<i. <■<»

place! '"""""^ ^■■'^' empty bollo-uTnefs in the

An 1, e .- . Hakeviill.

(Unces -^ withm them, though they he dry f.b-

2. Deceit; infincerity; treachery.

Norarerh"f^'*'^'"^u''"'*°" "■« 1°^' '>>" l^^r
Reverb, t ?f P')'"!'""':'!, whofe low found

Peoo e '"^''■^■"'■f^- ^bahfpeare'. King Lear.
itaneafv ,l°""!'"'*"T' ''"l f^' "''"redf think
frie^d!h[^ r^ '" ^■'"" '°"=' ^"^ «'='«'" their own
e"«nenf/o, rK'"'"n.'" ""X man's: but when
Sh,,, ..''"'/„*'"'" "•"" 'hehardnefsof
Minefs /nH ¥^'f^'"f of others, and the

then rinV.h/"f ?"'."''' <" »''"°ft =11> 'hey will
heonfvlL ' "/"!"'' '^"«8ift of God, and that
he only who made hearts can unite them. S.utb.

HoLLowRooT. „.j. Ihdlt^ and m/.] A

plant. a- r .t

Holly, r,, f [Jjoleyn. Saxon.] A plant.

ftiff nri m"" "t ^"l ^'""' "" ^-lE" «"'h longflharp,
ft.ffpnckes: the berries are fmall, round, and ge-

^K , ^ c \ "•* "'''"'' """'"'"g four triangular
/h- a ted feeds m each. Of this tree there are fe-
veral fpec.es; fome variegated in the leaves, fome

B ytllovv bernes, and fome with white. Miller.

raire t bloifonu drop with every blaft;
But the brown beauty will like hollie, laft. Cav.

Some to the holly hedge
Neftling repair, and to tlie thicket fome;
borne to the rude proteifHon of the thorn. Thomfon

Hollyhock „.y; [)5ol.]pec. Saxon, com-
monly called Ao/jaaf] Rofemallow. It
IS in every refpeft larger than the com-
mon mallow, ^-11^^
"olyocki far exceed poppies for their durable.!
nels and are very ornamental. Mmimer

HOLLYROSE. \ , _,

Ho'llytre«. J *•/• Plant*. Ainf'vmth.

Holme, n.f.

\. Holme or hotunu, whether jointly ot
lingly, comes from the Saxon fcolme; a
river iQand ; or if the place be not fuch,
the fame word fignifies alfo a hill, or
mountain. Gibfon's Camden,

2. The ilex; the evergreen oak.

Under what tree did'ft thou take them com-
panying together ? who anfwered, under a holme tree.

The carver i»/mf, the maple fcldom inward ^ind.'
t_r ' - „f Spenfer.

Holocaust. ». / [ox<3^ and ««.«..] A -
burnt facrifice; a facrifice of which ^the
whole was confumed by fire, and no-
thing retained by the oftercr.

Ifaac carried the wood for the facrifice, which
being an bolocauji, or burnt-offering, to be con-
fumed unto aflics, we cannot well conceive a bur.
then fora boy. g^^^^

l.etthe eye behold no evil thing, and it is made
a lacnhcc; let the tongue fpcak no filthy word,
and It becomes an oblation ; let the hand do no
unlawful aflion, and you render it a holocauft. Ray.
Eumencs cut a piece from every part of the
viaim, and by this he made it an bolocaug, or an
entire lacrifice. Broome.

Holograph, n. f. \ix^ and yf«(^»..]
This word is ufed in the Scottith law
to denote a deed written altogether by
the granter's own hand.

Ho LP. The old preterite and participle
pafliveof iJ^,^.

His great love, (harp as hisfpur, hath holp him
To's home before us. Sliaktfpearf.

Ho LP EN. The old participle paffive of
help*

H O M

In a long tninV the found is tolfeH, though loth
the mouth ind the ear be a handful from the irunk ;
and fomcwhat more itifm when the hearer is near,
than when the fpeaker. Bacon.

Holster. «./.r))eolj-teri, Saxon, a hiding-
place.] A cafe for a horfeman's piftol.

In's rufty haljlers put what meat
Into his bofe he cou'd not get, Butltr,

Holt, whether at the beginning or ending
of the name of any place, fignifies that
it is or hath been woody, from the Saxon
))o1t, a wood ; or fometimes poflibly
from the Saxon J)ol, »'. e. hollow ; efpe-
cially when the name ends in tun or dun.

Gib/on.

HO'LY. adj. [halij, Saxon; htyltigh, Dutch,
from hal, healthy, or in a ttate of falva-
tion.]

1. Good; pious; religious.

See where his grace ftaiids 'tween two clergymen !
And fee a book of prayer in his hand ;
True ornaments to know a holy man. Sbahff.

With joy he will embrace you ; for he's honoura-
ble.
And, doubling that, moft holy. Shahffeare'tCymt.

2. Hallowed ; confecrated to divine ufe.

State, holy or unhallow'd, what of that ? Sbakiff.
Bare was his hoary head ; one holy hand
Held forth his laurel crown, and one his fceptre.

DryJert.

3. Pious; immacularte.

Commbn fenfe could tell them, that the good
Cod could not be pleafed with any thing cruel ; nor
the taa&boly God with any thing filthy and unclean.

South.

4. Sacred.

An evil foul producing loly witnefs.
Is like a villain with a fmiling cheek. Sbaie/f.

He has defer^■'d it, were it carbunded
Like ioty Phabus' car. Sbakefp. Ant. and CUop.

Ho'i.Y-GHOST. n. f. [hahj and jaj-r,
Saxon.] The third perfon of the adora-
ble Trinity.

If ftrength of perfuafion be the light which mull
guide us, I alk, how (hall any one diftinguilh the
infpirations of the Haly-gbufi f Lockt.

HoLY-THURSDAY. «.y; The day OH which
the afcenfion of our Saviour is comme-
morated, ten days before Whitfuntide.

Holy-week. n.f. The week before F.after,
in which the paflion of our Redeemer is
commemorated.

Ho' L 1 D A Y . ». /. [^a/y and a'-T)'. ]

1 . The day of fome ecclefiallical feftival.

3. Anniverfary feaft.

This viftory was fo welcome unto the Perfians,
tl»' in memorial thereof they kept that day as one
01 their folemn holy-days for many years aftjr.

Kitolltt't mjlory.
Home's holidays you tell, as if a gueft
With the old Romans you were wont to feaft.

H'aller.

1. Adkyofgayetyandjoy.

What, ha>e I 'fcap'd love-letters in the holiday
t'me of roy beauty, and am I now a fubjeQ for
them? ,,^ **"*'//'•

4. A time that comes feldom.

Couiagc is but a bolidjy kind of virtue, to be
feldom CTcrcifed. Drydin.

HO'MAGE. n. /. \hommage, French ; ho-

magium, low Latin.]
I, Service paid and fealty profeffed to a
fovcreign or fuperior lord.

Call my fovereign yours,

And do him bimagc a obedient fubjeflj. Sbakefp.

The chiefs,' in a folemn manner, did their A»-

magc!, and made their oaibs oi fidelity to the eatl

marlhal. , ^ .,, Davi.s.

a. Obeifancc ; refpeft paid by external ac-
tion.

H <^ M

The gods great mother, when her heav'nlr race
Do homage to her. i)tnham.

A tuftof daifies on a flow'ry lay
They faw, and thitherwaid they bent their way;
To this both knights and dames their homagt made.
And due obeifance to the daify paid. Dryden.

Go, go, with homage yon proud vidlors meet]
Go, lie like dog beneath yojr mailers' feet. Dryden.

To Ho'mace. f. a. [from the noun.] To
reverence by external a£\ion ; to pay ho-
nour to; to profcfs fealty.

Ho'mager. n.f. [bommager, Fr. from Ao-
magt.'] One who holds by homage of
fome fuperior lord.

Thou blulheft, Antony; and that blood of thine
Is Casfar's homager, Shakrffeare.

His fubjefts, traytors, are received by the duke 01
Bretagne, his homager. Bacon'i Henry VII.

HOME. «./. [ham, Saxon.]

1. His ownhoufe; the private dwelling.

I'm now (com hornet and out of that proviiion
Which (hall be needful for your entertainment.

Sbakeffearr.

Something like home that is not home is to be de-
fired i it is found in the houfe of a friend. Temp/e.

Home is the facred refuge of our life,
Secur'd from all approaches but a wile. Dryden.

When Hedlor went to fee
His virtuous wife, the fair Andromache,
He found her not at /w/Bf; far (he was gone. Dryd.

Thofe who have Ai>««, wlienAowc they do repair,
To a Uft lodging call their wand'ringfriends. tiryj.

2. His own country.

Howcan tyrants fafely govern Acmf,
Unlefs abroad they purchafe great alliance ? Shak.

Their determination is to return to their tomes,
and trouble you no more. Sbakefp.

With honour to his home let Thefeus ride.
With love to friend. Dryden.

At home the hateful names of parlies ceafe.
And factious fouls are weary'd into peace. Dryden.

They who pafs through a foreign country, to-
wards their native home, do not ufually give up
themfclves to thepleafures of the place. Atlerhury.

3. The place ot conllant retidence.

Flandria, by plenty made the home of war.
Shall weep her crime, and bow to Charles rellor'd.

Prior.

4. Home united to a fubftantive, fignifies
domeftick, or of the fame country.

Let the exportation of home commodities be more
in value than die importation of foreign. Bacon.

Home. adv. [from the noun.]

1 . To one's own habitation.

One of Adam's children in the mountains lights
on a glittering ("ubftance; home he carries it to
Adam, who finds it to be hard, to have a bright
yellow colour, and exceeding great weight. Locke.

2. To one's own country.

3. Clofe to one's own breaft or affairs.

He that encourages trealbn lays the foundation of
a doiilrine, (hat will come 6ome to himfelf. L'Eflr.

This is a confideiation that comes borne to our
intereft. Addifon.

Thefe confiderations, propofed in general terms,
you will, by particular application, bring borne to
your own concern. H'ake,

4. To the point dcfigned ; to the utmofi ;
cljfely; fully.

Crafty enough either to hide his faults, or never
to ftipw them, but when they might pay home. Sidney.

With his prepared fwordhc charges is'W
My unprovided body. Shakefpeare*s King Lear.

A loyal fir
To him thou follow 'll : I will pay thy graces
Home both in word and deed. Sbakefpeare'i Tempefl.

Accufe him home and borne. Sbakefp.

Men of age objecfl too much, adventure too little,
and feldom drive bufinefs home to the full period ;
but content thcmfelves with a mediocrity of fuccefs.

Bacon.

That Cometh up hemt to (be bulinefs, and takeih
off the objection dearly. Sandtrjon .

H O M

Break through the thick array
Ol his ihrong'd legions, and chatge bcmt upon hiia,

Addifon,

He makes choice of fome piece of morality ; and,
in order to prefs this home, he makes lefs ufe of
reafoning. Bnome,

I can only refer the reader to the authors ihem-
felvej, who (peak very home to the point. Atleriury,

5. United to a fubUantive> it implies force
and efficacy.

Poifon may be falfe ;

The borne thruft of a friendly (word is Cure. Dry^,

I am forry to give him fueh l>ome tlirufts j for he

lays himfclf fo open, and ufcs fo little art to avoid

them, that 1 mult either do nothing or eipofc his

weakncfs. SiilUngJInt.

Homebo'kn. adj. \home and btim,\

I. Native; natural.

Though to be thus elemented, arm
Thefe creatures iirom homebarn inlriulick harm.

Dome.
X. Domeftick; not foreign.

Num'rous bands
With homeborn lyes, or tales from foreign lands.

fope.
Ho'xt E B R E D . adj. [homezn^ bred. ]

1. Native; natural.

God hath taken care to anticipate every man, fo
draw him early into his chuich, befure other com-
petitors, homebred lufts, or vicious cuftoms of the
world, Ihould be able to pretend to him. Hammond.

2. Not polifhed by travel; plain; rude;
artlefs ; uncuhiviiteJ.

Only to me two homebred youths belong* Dryden,

3. DomeiUck; not foreign.

Butif of danger, which hereby doth dwell
Anibomebied evil, ye defire to hear,
I can you lydings tell. Fairy ^ren.

This once happy land.
By homebred fury rent, long groan'd. PhiilipT.

Ho' mkts.lt, adj. [iome andfe/l.'] Inward;
private.

Yet they in pleafing (lumber luU'd the fenlci
And in fwcet madnefs robb'd it ot itl'elf;
But fuch a facred and h^mcfelt delight.
Such fober certiinty of waking blifs,
I never heard till now. Milton.

Happy next him who to thefe (hades retires,
Whom nature charms, and whom the mufe infpires^
Whom humbler joys of bomefelt quiet plcafe,
SuccefTivc ftudy, exercife, and eafe. Pcft,

Ho'melily. ad'v. \ixom homely. "^ Rudely;

inelegantly.
Homeliness, n.f. [from iow^/y] Pla'n-
nefs ; rudencfs ; coarfencfs.

Homer has opened a great field of raillery to men
of more delicacy than greatnefs of genius, by the
homelinefs of fome of his fentiments. Addifon,

Ho'mely. adj. [ivom hcme.'\ Plain; home-
fpun; not elegant; not beautiful; not
fine ; coarfe ; rude. It is ufed both of
perfons and things.

Each place handfome without curiolity, zni home/y
without loathfomenefs. Sidney,

Within this wood, out of a rock did rife
A fpringof water, mildly tumbling down;

Whereto approached not in any wife
The homely (hephcrd, nor the ruder clown. Spenfer,

Like rich hangings in an homely houfe,
So was his will in his old feeble body. Sbakefp,

Be plain, good ion, and homely in thy drift;
RiddlingconfelTiun finds but riddling (hrift. Sbakefp,

Home-keeping youth have ever bomelyw'\l%, Shak,

Our (lomachs will make what's htmcly favory.

Sbakeffeare,

It is for homely features to keep home ;
They had their names thence. Milton,

It is ubferved by fome, that there is none fo
homely but loves a looking-glafs. Scutb.

Their homely fare difpatch'd, the hungry bai>d
Invade their trenchers next. Dryden.

Now Strephon daily entertains
His Chloe in the homeliefl drains. Stvift,

Homely perfoas, the more Uiey endeavour to adorn

themrdvcs,

Saxon.] The place of

H O M

themfelves, the more they expofe the JefeflJ they
want to hide. Clarendon.

Ho'mely. <«/<!<. Plainly; coarfely ; rudely.

Thus, like the god, his father, iomf/y dreft,
He ftridcs into the hall, a horrid guett. Drydin.

HoMEUTTN. ti. f. A kind of calf. Ain/iv.
Home'madb. CT-^'. [home znd made. '\ Made

at home ; not manufaftured in foreign

parts.

A tax laid on your native produ^, and homemade
commodities, makes ihemyield lefsto the firft feller.

Locke.

Ho'mer. »,/. A Hebrew meafure of about
three pints. ,

A Umti oi barley feed (hall be valued at fifty
(hekelsof fii»er. /.«/. xxviiii. l6.

Ho'm Ksr u N, eidj. [home and^»».]
' 1 . Spun or wrought at home ; not made by
regular manufaaurers.

lofteid otio«»f/^<f» coifs were feen
Good pinners edg'd with colberteen. Swift.

2. Not made in foreign countries.

He appeared in a fuit of Englifh broad-cloth, »ery

plain, but rich : every thing he wore was fubftantial,

ha:ien, homtffun ware. AddiJo„.

2. Plain ; coarfe ; rude ; homely ; inelegant.

They fometimes put on when they go alhorc, long
lleevelcfi coats ot' btmefpun cotton. Sandjt* Tntve/r.

We fay, in our home/fun EngliSi proverb. He
killed two birds with one (lone. Vryden,

Our bmtejpun authors mul> forfake the field.
And Shakefpeate to the foft Scarlatti yield. AJJifm.

Homejfu'n. ». /. A coarfe, inelegant,
rude, untaught, ruftick man. Not in ufe.

What hempen hamtjfuni have we fwaggering here,
So near the cradle of the fairy queen ( Shjkefp.

Ho'mistall. 1 ». y. (})am and j-cebe,

Ho'MEJTt.^D. 1 "

Thehoufe.

Both houte and homtjiead into Teas are borne.
And nxks are from their own foundations torn.

Drydtn.

Ho'mewas.d. J adv. [Jjara and peaftb,
Ho'mewards. J SaxonJ Towards home,
towards the native place; towards the
place of refidence.

Then Urania bomevjord i\i arife,
Leaving in pain their well-fed hungry eyei. Sidney.

My affairs
Do even drag me ht»nra>ard. Sbahefptare.

Since fuch love's natural llallon it, may Hill
My love dei'cend, and Journey down the hill.
Not panting aftergrowing beauties ; (a
1 fhallebb on with them who f:ame%i:ard ^. Dtnfte,
Look bomevardt angel now, and melt with ruth ;
And, O ye dolphins, wait the haplcfs youth I Milton.

Like a long team of foowy fw ans on high,
Which clap their wings, and tieave the li(]uid (ky.
Which homnuard from their wat'ry paftures borne.
They fine, and Afia's lakes their notes return. Z/yJ.

What now remains.
But that once more we tempt the wat'ry plains,
And wand 'ring ;ii/<iKTf<ir?i,feek ourfafety hence.

Drydtn.

HoMtciDE. »./. [homicide, Fr, homicidium,
lat.]

1. Murder; manquclling.

The apoftlcs command to abAain from blood :
cenltruc this according to the law of nature, and it
will feem, that homicide only is forbidden ; but con-
ftrue it in reference to the law of the Jews, about
which the queftion was, and it (hall eafier appear to
have a clean other fenfe, and a truer, when we ex.
pound it of eating, and not otihedding blood. Hoeirr,

2. Deftruftion. In the following lines it
ii not proper.

What wonder is'l that black detraAion thrives !
The bomicide of nimct iilefii than lives. Dryden,

3. [Homicide, Fr. homicida, Lat.] A mur-
derer ; a man flayer.

I'd undertake the death of all the world.
So might 1 live one hour in yout fwcctboTom.

II O N

~— If I thought that, I tell thee, homicide,
Thefe nails (hould rend that beauty from my cheeks.

Sbakeffeai e .
Heflor comes, the homicide, to wield
His conq'ring arms, with corps to l>rew the field.

Dryden.

Homici'dal. adj. [from A«»i/V/V<r.] Mur-

derous; bloody

The troop forth ilTuing from the dark recefs.
With homicidal rage, the king opprefs. Pofe.

Homile'tical. ci^'. [o/*iA(rruM«.] Social;
converfible.

His life was holy, and when he had leifure for re-
tirements, feverc : his virtues adive chiefly, and
homtleiical; not thofe lazy fullcn oncsof the cloyl^er.

Aiie^hury.
Ho'milv. n. f. [ioOT;7/>, French ; «/iiMi«.]
A difcourfe read to a congregation.

Humiliet were a tliirrt kind of readings ufual in
former times; a moft commendable inftitiition, as
well then to fupply the cafual, as now the necelTary
defect of fermons. Hmktr.

What tedious homily of love have you wearied
your parilhioners withal, and never cried, have pa-
tience, good people ! ShakeJ)>iare' t A> you like it.
If we furvcy the homilies of the ancient church, we
(hall uii'cern that, upon ieftival days, the fubjetl of
the bemiiy was conftantly the bufinefs of the day.

Hammond's Fundamentals.

HOMOGE'NEAL. ; adj. [hamogene, Fr.

HOMOGK'NEOUS. y o>*yi.i».l Having

the fame nature or principles; fuitable to

each other.

The means of reduflion, by the fire, is but by

congregation oi bmogrneal fitK. Bacon.

Ice is a fimilary body, and homogeneous concretion,

whofe material is properly water. Bro-wn't l^ul. Er.

An bcmigtneous mafs of one kind is eafily diftin-

gui(hable from any other j gold from iron, fulphur

from allum, and fo of the reft. modward.

The light, whofe rays are all alike refrangible, I

call fimple, bemtgtmat, and fimilar : and that,

whofe rays are forae more refrangible than others, I

call compound, hcterogeneal, and diflimilar.

Ne^lon.

tt, /. [from hcmo-
geaeous, or he-
mopeHcal.^ Par-
ticipation of the fame principles or na-
ture ; iimilitude of kind.

The mixtures acquire a greater degree of fluidity
and fimilarity, or homogeneity of parts. Arbuthnot,
Upon this fuppofition of only difierent diameters,
it is impolfible to account for the homogeneity or fimi-
larity of the fecerned liquors. Cbeyne.

Ho'mogeny. »./. [o/*«vi»t*.] Joint nature.
Not ufed.

By the dtiving back of the principal &irits, which
preferve the confidence of the body, nieir govern-
ment IS dilTolved, and every part returnclh to hi,
nature or bomogeny. Bacon^

Homo'locoxjs. adj. (homolcgue, Fr. etoi-
A»-/©-.] Having the fame manner or pro-
portions.

Homo'kymoi;*. adj. [homonyme, Fr. «/*»-
tviul^.'] Denominating different things ;
equivocal : ambiguous.

As words fignifying the fame thing ar% called
fynonymuus, fo equivocal woids, or ihnfe which fig-
nify fcveral iliingi, are called homonymous, or am-
biguous; and when perfons ufe fuch ambiguous
words, with a defign to deceive, it is called equivo.
cation. liraiti.

HoMo'ntmy. n. f. [homonomye. Fr. iujt-

lof/ziit.] Equivocation ; ambiguity.
Homo'tonous. adj. [•^•T«r®-.J Equable;
faid of fuch diflempers as keep a conftant
tenour of rife, flate, and declenfion.

^ittcy.
Hone. n. /. [This word M. Cafaubon de-
rives from wcatri ; Junius from hogjacn.

Homoci'nealvess. 1
Homogene'ity. >

Homoce'neousxess. J

HON

Wellh ; Skinner, who is always rational,
from jjacn, Saxon, a (lone ; haenan, to
ftone.] A whetftone for airazor.

A hone and a parer tcKpare away grafs. Tujfcr,

To Hone, t; ». [jjonjian, Saxon.] Ta

pine ; to long for any thing.
HO'NEST. adj. [honejie, Fr. honejfui, Lat.]

1. Upright; true; fiscere.
What art thou ;

A very boneft hearted fellow, and as poor as the

king. Shakeff.

An honej} phyfician leaves his patient, when he
can contribute no further to his health. Temple.

The way to lelieve ourfelves from thofe fophifms,
is an bonej! mi diligent enquiry into the real nature
and caufeb of things. iVattt.

2. Chafte.
Wives may be merry and yet honeji too. Sbake/p.

3. Juft; righteous; giving to every man
his due.

Tate will fubfcribe, but fix no certain day.
He's hanrft, and as wit comes in will pay, late,
Ho'nestly. ad'v. [from haneji.\

1. Uprightly; juftly.

It doth make me tremble.
There (hould thofe fplrits yet breathe, that when

they cannot
Live honrjity, would rather perilh bafely. Ben "Janfon.
For fome time pall all propofats from private per-
fons to advance the publick fervice, however bomejlly
and innocently defigncd, have been called flying in
the king's face. Swift.

2. With chaftity ; modeftly.
Ho'nesty. n. /. [hovejleti, Fr. hontfiatt

Lat,] Juftice ; truth ; virtue ; purity.

Thou (halt not have thy hulhand's lands.
Why, then mine honejly (hall be my dower. Sb.

Goodnefs, as that which makes men prefer theit
duty and their promife before their paflions or theit
interciV, and is properly the objcft of truft, in our
language goes rather by the name of bonejly, though
what we call an honeft man, the Ramans called *
good man ; and honrjly, in their language, as well
as in French, rather iignifies a compofition of thofe
qualities which generally acquire honour and efteem.

Temfle.

HO'NEY. n. f. [hunij, Saxon ; honig,

Dutch ; honec, hanag, German.]
I. A thick, vifcous, fluid fubftance, of a
whitilh or yellowifti colour, fweet to the
tafte, foluble in water, and becoming
vinous on fermentation, inflammable, li-
quableljy a gentle heat, and of a fragrant
fmell. Of honey, the firft and fineft kind
is virgin honey, not very firm and of a
fragrant fmell : it is the firft produce of
the fwarra, obtained by draining the
combs without prefling. The fecond it
often almoft folid, procured by preflure :
and the worfl is the common yello-.v ho-
ney, extrafted by heating the combs, and_
then prefling them. In the flowers ot*
plants, by certain glands near the bafis,
in the petals, is fecreted a fweet juice,
which the bee, by means of its probo-
fcis or trunk, fucks up, and difcharges
again from the ftomach through the
moutn into the comb. The honey de-
pofited in the comb, is deftined for the
young offspring : but in hird feafons the
bees are reduced to the neceflity of feed-
ing on it themfelves. Hill,

So work the boniy bees.
Creatures that by a ruling nature teach
The art of order to a peopled kingdom. Shakefpeare.

Touching his education and firft foftering, fome
affirm, that lie was fed by bonty bee*. Ralfigh's liiJI.

In ancient time there was a kind of honey, which,
either of its own nature, or by art, wtiuidgrow at
hard as fugar, and was notfolufcious asours. Bacin.

6 E I When

HON

When the patkat is rich, there't ho fear of
ph^licians about him, at thick as wafps to a hontj
pot. L'EJhufigt.

Homty is the moil elaborate prodaftion of the
venuble kind, being a mod eiquifite fcgetable fope,
reS)l»ent ofihe bile, balfamick and peroral: hotiry
contains no inflammable fpirit, before it has felt ihc
force of fermencition ; for by diftillation it aiTorJs
noihing that will burn in the tire. Arbuthnot.

New wine, with botity temper'd milk we bring;
Then living walcis from the chryftal fpring. Pofe.

Xt Sweetnefs ; lufcioufnefs.

The king hath found
Matter againft him, ibat for ever man
The ^offry of his language. Sbakffp,

A bcney tongue, a heart of gall
Is fancy's fpring, but forrow's fall. Shakefp,

3. Sweet ; fweetnefs ; a name of tendernefs.
[Mel; corculum '\

Honey, you Ihall be well defir'd in Cyprus ;
I've found great love amongft them. Oh, my fweet,
I prattle out of faihion, and I dote. Sbakrfp. Othello.

Why, honey bird, I bought him on purpofe for
thee. Dryden.

ToHo'net. nj. n. [from the noun.] To
talk fondly.

Nay, but to live
In the rank fwtat of an inceftuous bed,
Stcw'd in corruption, hMeyi/ig and making love
Over the nafty iVy. Shakeff. Hamlet.

Ho'ney-bag. [houeji and iag-l

The b<mey-iag is the ftomach, which bees always
fin to fatisfy, and to fpare, vomiting up the greateft
part of the honey 10 be kept againft Winter. Crew.

Ho'ney-comb. »./. [honey znd comb.] The
cells of wax in which the bee ftores her
honey.

All thefe a milk-white iSowfy-ciwrifurround,
Which in the midlt the country banquet crown'd.

Dryden.

Ho'net-combed. aJ/. [hoaej and comL]
Spoken 6f a piece of ordnance flawed with
little caviries by being ill caft.

A mariner having difcharged his gun, which was
kouey-eomhed, and loading it fuddenly again, the
powder took fire. Wijeman.

Ho'ney-dew. »./. \honey and </««.] Sweet
dew.

There is a honey-deru which hangs upon their
leaves, and breeds infefts. Mortimer.

How honey-dews embalm the fragrant morn.
And the fair oak with lulcious fweets adorn.

Garth.

Ho'ney-flowek. n.f. [OTfZa»/^««, Latin.]
A plant.

It hath a perennial root, and the appearance of a
Ihrub. 1 his plant produces large fpikes of chocolate-
coloured flowers in May, in each of which is con-
tained a large quantity of black fweet liquor, from
whence it is fuppofed to derive its name. Miller.

Ho'ney-gnat. ff./. [W/w, Latin ; honey
and^»<iA.] An infeft.

Ho'ney-moon. It./. [homjznA meo».] The
firft month after marriage when there is
nothing but tendernefs and plcafure.

A man ihould keep his finery for the latter feafon
of marriage and not begin to drefs till the honey-moon
is over. AdJi/ort.

Ho'ney-suckle.w./. [caprifolium, Latin.]
Woodbine.

It hath a climbing ftalk, which twills itfclf about
whaifoever tree Hands near it : the flowers are tu-
bulous and oblong, confiding of jpoe leaf, which
epens towards the top, and is divided into two lips ;
the uppermort of which is fubdivided into two, and
the lowermoll is cut into many fcgments ; the (ube
of the flowers is bent, fomewhat rcfcmbling a
kur.U'man's horn. They are produced in clutters,
and are very fweet. Miller enumerates ten fpccics,
sf which three grow wild \n our hedges.
Bid her Heal into the pitched bower,
Where honey-Jucklei, ripcn'd by the fun.
Forbid the lun 10 coier ; like to favjuiitcs,

HON

Made proud by princes, that advance their pride
Againft the power that bred it. Sbakeff.

Watch upon a bank
With ivy canopied, and interwove
With flaunting hnney-Juckle. Milttn.

Then melfoil beat and honey- faeHes ftmni ;
With ihcfe alluring favours ftrew the ground. Dr^d.

Ho'neyless. adj. [from honej.'\ Being
without honey.

But for your words, they rob the Hybla bees.
And leave them hoiuylefs. Shakejp.

Ho'ney-wort. ».y. [«n»/i&^, Latin.] A

plant.
Ho'ni ED. adj. [from hoiuy.l

1 . Covered with honev.

The bee with honied thigh.
That at her flow'ry work doth ling. Milton.

2. Sweet; lufcious.

When he fpeaks.
The air, a charter'd libertine, isftill;
And the mute wonder lurketh in men's ears.
To Ileal his fweet and honied fentences. Shake/f.

Look now for no enchanting voice, nor fear
The bait oi honey' d words; a rougher tongue
Draws hithcrward. Milton.

Ho'norary. adj. [A««or(7rra/, Latin.]

1. Done in honour ; made in honour.

There was probably fome dillin£lion made among
the Romans between fuch honorary arches ere^ed to
emperors, and ihofe that were railed to them on the
account of a vi£lory, which are properly triumphal
arches. Addijonon Italy.

This monument is only honorary, for the alhes of
the emperor lie elfewhere. Addifon on Italy.

2. Conferring honour without gain.

The Romans abounded with little honorary re-
wards, that, without conferring wealth and riches,
gave only place and diliinflion to the perfon who
received them. Addifon.

HO'NOUR. »./. [honneur, French; homr,
Latin.]

1 . Dignity ; high rank.

2. Reputation ; fame.
A man is an ill hufband of his honour, that

cntereih into any aflion, the failing wherein mav
difgrace him more than the carrying of it through
can honour him. Bacon.

3. The title of a man of rank. Not now
ufed.

Ketum unto thy lord.
Bid him not fear the feparated councils;
His honour and myfelf are at the one :
And at the other is my good friend Catsthy. Shakeff.

4. Subjed ofpraife.

Thou happy father.
Think that the deareftgods, whomake them honours
Of man's impoflibilities, have preferv'd thee. Shak.

5. Noblenefs of mind ; fcom of ir<eannefs ;
magnanimity.

Now (hall I fee thy love ; what motive may
Be llrongcr with thee than the name of wife ?
— That which upholdeth him, that thee upholds.
His honour. Oh, thine ietour, Lewis, thine honour.

Sbakefpeare.

If by honsur is meant any thing diftinfl from con-
fcicnce, 'tis no more than a regard to the cenfure
and elleem of the world. Rogers.

6. Reverence ; due veneration. To do ho-
nour is to treat with reverence.

They take thee for their mother.
And every day do honour to thy grave. Shakrff.

His Grace of Canterbury,
Who holds his ftate at door, 'mongft purfuivants.

Ha ! 'tis he indeed f

Is this the honour they do oneanother? Sbakeff.
This is a duty in the fitih commandment, re-
quired towards our prince and our parent, under the
mmz o^ honour ; a refpedl, which, in the notion of
it, implies a mixture of love and tear, and, in the
objeil, equally fuppofes goodncfs and power. Rogeri.
7. Chaftity.

Be (he honour flaw'd,
I have three daughters, the elded is eleven ;
If this prove Uue, they'll pay for't. Shakeff,

HON

She dwells fo fecurely on the excelleney of her
honour, that the folly of my foul dares not prefent
ilfelf ; (he is too bright to be looked againft. Shot,

8. Dignity of mien.

Two of far nobler (hape, ertfl and tall,
Codlike erefl : with native honour clad ,
In naked majefty, feem'd lord* of all. Millai,

9. Glory ; boaft.

A late eminent perfon, the honour of his pn>«
feflion for integrity and learning. Burnet' tTbeerj,

10. Publick markof refpeft.

He faw his friends who whelm'd beneath tbt
waves.
Their fun'ral honours claim'd and aflt'd their quiet
graves. Dryden.

Such difcourfes, on fuch mournful occafions as
thefe were inftituted not fo much in honour of the
dead, as for the ufe of the living. Allerlurjf,

Numbers engage their lives and labours, fome to
heap together a little dirt that (hall bury them in the
end ; others to gain an honour, that, at beft, caa
be celebrated but by an inconfiderable part of the
world, and is envied and calumniated by more than
'tis truly given. Wake's Frefarationfor Death*

1 1. Privileges of rank or birth.
Henry the fevcnth, truly pitying

My father's lofs, like a moll royal prince,
Rellor'd to me my honours \ and, from ruins.
Made my name once more noble. Shake/p,

Honours were conferred upon Antonine by Ha-
drian in his infancy. IVotton's Rojnan Hifi.

12. Civilities paid.

Then here a (lave, or if you will a lord.
To do the honours and to give the word. Pope.

13. Ornament; decoration.

The fire then (hook the honours of his head.
And from his brows damps of oblivion (hed. Dryd.
14.. Honour, or on my honour, is a form of
protellation ufed by the lords in judicial
decifions.
My hand to thee, my honour on my promife.

Sbakeffeare.

To Ho'nour. or. a. \honmrer, French ; bo-
r.ort, Latin.]

1. To reverence; to regard with venera-
tion.

He was called our father, and was continually
honoured of all men, as the next perfon unto the
king. Efili. xvi. 10.

The poor man is honoured for his (kill, and the
rich man is honoured for his riches. Eccltf X. 3 1-

He that is honoured in poverty, how much more
in riches ? Ecclef.x.%i.

How lov'd, how hcnour'd once, avails thee not.

Pope.

2. To dignify ; to raife to greatnefs.

We nourilh 'gaind our fenate
The cockle of rebellion, infolence, fedition.
Which we ourfelves have plough'd (or, fow'd and

fcatter'd.
By mingling them with us, the honout 'd number.

Shakeff.
4. To glorify.

I will harden Pharaoh's heart, that he (hall fol-
low after thepi, and I will be honouied upon Pha-
roah and upon all his hoft, that the Egyptians may
know that I am the I.ord. Ex. xiv.

Ho'nour ABLE. adj. [honorable, French.]

1. Illuftrious; noble.

Who hath taken this counfel againft Tyre, the
crowning city, whofc merchants are princes, wbofc
traffickers are the honourable of the eaith ?

Ifa. xxiii. 8.

2. Great ; magnanimous ; generous.

Sir, I'll tell you.
Since I am charg'd in honour, and by him
That I think io/wa;aA/<. Sbakrffeart,

3. Conferring honour.

Thiiik'tl thou it honourable for a nobleman
Still to remember wrongs? Sbakeff.

Then warlike kings, who for their country fought.
And hinouiahle wounds from battle brought. Dryd,

Many of thofe perfons, who put this honourable,
lafk on a>c, weic more able to p cr6>rm it themfclves.

Drydtn.

4. Accom-

H O O

4. Accompanied with tokens of honour.

Silh this wrelched woman overcome.
Of anguitli, rather than of crime haih been,
Preferve her caufc to her eternal doom ;
And in the mean, vouchfafe her banoumbU tomb.

Spenfer.

5. Not to be difgraced.

Here's a Bohemian Tartar tarries the coming
down of thy fat woman : — let her dcfcend, my cham-
bers are iOTsaraWc. Shakeffttre.

6. Free from taint ; free from reproach.

As he was bon'-urahle in all his afls, fo in this
that he took Joppe for an haven. I. Mac. xiv. 5.

Methinks 1 could not die any where fo contented
as in the king's company, his caufe being juft and
his quarrel honcurable. Sljakrff.

7. Honeft; without intention of deceit. .

The earl fent again 10 know if they would enter-
tain their pardon, in cafe he (houid come in per-
foo, and allure it : they anfwered, they did conceive
him to be fo honaurable^ that from hipifell they
would moft thankfully embrace it. Hayward.

If that thy bent of love be bcnourablc.
Thy purpofe marriage, fend me word to-morrow.

Sbakfjpeare.

8. Equitable.
Ho'nourableness. n. f. [from honour-

ehle.] Eminence; magnificence; gene-

rofity.
Ho'NOURABi.y. adv. [from ^onourai/e.^
I. With tokens of honour.

The rev'rend abbot,
With all his convent, bomtiraUy received him.

Shakrfp.

t. Magnanimoully ; generoufly.

After fome fix weeks, which the king did ho.
nourably interpofe, to give fpace to his brother's in-
terceflion, he was arraigned of high treafon, and
condemned. Bacon.

J. Reputably ; with exemption from re-
proach.

■^ 'Tis juft, ye gods ! and what I well deferve :

Why did 1 not more btnourailj lUrve I Dryien.
Ho'nourer. n. f. .(from honmr.'\ One
that honours ; one that regards with ve-
neration.

I muft not omit Mr. Cay, whofe leal in your
coacem is worthy a friend and Ixmcurer. Pofi.

Hood, in compofition, is derived from the
Saxon hab, in German htit, in Dutch
btiJ. It denotes quality ; charafter; con-
dition: as, knighthood; ckildhvjd; fathcr-
hocd. Sometimes it is written after the
Dutch, as maidenhead. Sometimes it is
taken collectively : as, brotherhood , a con-
fraternity : Jifierhood, a company of fillers.

Hood. n. f. [hob, Saxon, probably from
hepob, head.]

I. The upper covering of a woman's head.

In velvet, white as fnow, the troop was gown'd :
Their ho<idi and fleeves the fame, Dryden.

1. -^ny thing drawn upon the head, and
wrapping round it.

He undertook fo to muffle himfelf up in his iood,
that none Ihoulddifccm him. ffillon.

The lacerna came, from being a military habit,
to be a common drefs: it had a bxd, which could
be feparatcd from and joined to it. Arhulbnnt.

3. A covering put over the hawk's eyes,
when he is not to fly.

4. An ornamental fold that hangs down the
back of a graduate, to mark his degree.

To Hood. f. a. [from the noun.]
I. To drefs in a hood,

Thccobler apron'd, and the parfon gown'd,
'Wit Wmi hooded ^ and the monarch crown'd. Pofe.
%, To blind as with a hood.

While grace is faying, I 'II burd mine eyei
Thus with my hat, aad figh, and fay, AmcD. Sbak.

3. Tocovext

H O O

An hollAw cryftal pyramid he takes,
In iirmamental waters dipt above;

Of it a broad extinguilher he makes.
And bixdt the flames that to their quarry flrove.

Dryden.

Ho'oDM.'VN Blind, n.f. A play in which
the perfon hooded is to catch another,
and tell the name ; blindman's buiF.

What devil was't,
That thus hath cozen 'd you at hoodman blir.d *

' SbaUfp.

To Ho'oD-wiNK. -v. a. [hood TinA. txiink.'\

1 . To blind with foraething bound over the
eyes.

'They willingly bood-rvitkhg themfelves from
feeing his faults, he often abufcd the virtue of courage
to defend his foul vice of injudice. Sidney.

We will bind and bood-tiiink him fo, that he (hall
fuppofc he is carried into the leaguer of the ad-
Ycrlarics. Shakefpeare.

Then Ihe who hath been foajZ-tf /»*'</ from her birth,
Doth lirftherfelf within death's mirrourfee. Davits.

So have I feen, at Chriltmas fpotts, one loft,
Afid baod-nink d, for a man embrace a port.

Ben Jonfon.
Satan is fain to hoid-viir.k thofe that ftart.

Decay of Piety .

Prejudice fo dexteroufly hood-vjinks men's minds

as to keep them in the dark, with a belief that they

are more in the light. Locke.

Muft I wed Rodogune ?
Fanlaftick cruelty of bocd-tvink'd chance ! Ro'we.
On high, where no hoarfc Windsor clouds refort.
The Aa)</-K//»X'J.goddcfs keeps her partial court.

Carib,

2. To cover ; to hide.

Be patient; forthe prize, I'll bring thee to.

Shall bocd--wirtk this mifchance. Sbakejp,

3. To deceive ; to impofe upon.

She delighted in infamy, which often Ihe had
ufed to her hulbaod's fliame, filling all men's ears
but his, with reproach; while he hood--u,ink' d
with kinducfs, leafi of ail men knew who ftruck
him. Sidney.

HOOF. n.f. [hop, Saxon; hief, Dutch.]
The hard horny fubftance, on the feet of
graminivorous animals.

With the boofi of his hoifes (hall he tread down
all thy ftreets. £«i.xxvi. 11.

The bull and ram know the ufe of their horns as
well as the horfe of his hoofi. More.

Ho'oFED. aiJ/. [from Aso/".] Furoifhedwith
hoofs.

Among quadrupeds, the ro«-deer is the fwifleft ;
of ail the hoifed, the horfe is the moft beautiful;
of all the clawed, the lion is the ftrongelt. Grew.

HooF-Bot;ND. adj. [A(w/"and iourid.J

A horfe is faid to be boojf'btiund when he has a
pain in the fore-feet, occafioned by the dryncfs and
contraction or narrownefs of the horn of the quarters,
which (Iraitens the quarters of the heels, and often-
times makes the horfe lame. A iioof.bound liorfe
has a narrow heel, the fides of which come too near
one another, infomuch that the flefti is kept too
tight, and has not its natural extent. Farrier' 1 Diet .

HOOK. n.f. [hoce, Saxon; hoeck, Dutch.]
I, Any thing Dcnt fo as to catch hold; as
a fhepherd's hook and pot hosks.

This falling not, for that they bad not far enough
und>:rmincd it, they afTayed with great ho^kx and
ftrong ropes to have pulled it down. Kn'-llti.

z. The corvated wire on which the bait is
hung for liihes, and with which the fifli is
pierced.

Like unto golden hooks, ■•

That from the foolifh lifti their baits do hide. Spenfer.

My bended book Ihall pierce
Their (limy j.T.vs. Shakefpeare.

Thou divine Plato thus of pleafures thought,
They ui with hooki anU baits, like ii^Ai, caught.

Denham.
3. A fnare; a trap.

H O O

A (hop of aU the qualities that man
Loves women for, belides that book of wiving,
Fairncis which Itrikes the eye. Shakefp,

■{. An iron to feize the meat in the caldron.

About the caldron many cooks accoil'd.
With books and ladles, as need did require ;
The while the viands in the velTel boil'd. Fairy ^

J. A fickle to reap corn.

Peafe are commonly reaped with a book at the end
of a long flick. Mortimev,

6. An inftrument to cut or lop with.

Not that I'd lop the beauties from his book,
Like ilaihlug Bentley wiih his defperate book. Pope,

7. The part of the hinge fixed to the polt:
whence the proverb, off the hooks, for in
diforder.

My doublet looks.
Like him that wears it, quite off a' theheioks.

Cleaveland.

She was horribly bold, meddling and cxpcniive,

eafily put off the books, and monllrous hard to be

pleafed again. L'BJlrange,

While Sheridan is off the books.
And friend Delany at his books. Sivlfr.

8. HooK. [In hulbandry.} A field foiva
two years running. Ainfiiorth.

Hook or Crook. One way or other ; by
any expedient ; by any means direft or
oblique. Ludicrous.

Which he by hook or crook had gather'd,
And for his own inventions father'd. Hudibras.

He would bring him by hook or crook into his
quarrel. Dryden.

To Hook. ii. a. [from the noun.]

1. To catch with a hook.

The huge jack he ha'd caught \T3s ferved up for
the tirft dilh : upon our fitting down to it, he gave
us a long account how he had boated it, played
with it, foiled it, and at length drew it out upo.*
the bank. Addifon.

2. Tointrap; to infnare.

3. To draw as with a hook.

But ftie
I can book to roe. Sbakefp. f^'inter's Tale.

4. To faften as with an hook.

5. To draw by force or artifice.

There are many branches of llie natural law no
way reducible to the two tables, uulefs booked in by
tedious confcqucnces. Norris,

Ho'oKEv. adj. [i'rom.hook.2 Bent; curvated,

Grypi flgnitics eagle or vulture; from whence the
ef\thei grypiu, tor an Aoo^Ci/ or aquiline nofe. Brown,

Now thou thrcatcn'ft, with unjuft degree.
To feize the prize which I fo dearly bought :
Mean match to thine ; for ftill above the reH,
Thy iwi'i/ rapacious hands ufurp llie bcft. Dryd.

Caterpillars have claws and feet : the claws are
booked, to take the better hold in climbing from
twig to twig, and hanging on the backfides of leaves.

Grevj.

Ho'oKEDNESS. n, /. [ftota hooktd.] State

of being bent like a hook.
Hook no's e d . adj. [hook and nofe.] Having

the aquiline nofe rifing in the middle.
1 may julHy fa)- with the hsoktiofed fellow of

Rome there, Czfar, 1 cam£, faw, and overcame.

Shakefp. Henry IV.
HOOP. n.f. [hoep, Dutch.]
1 . Any thing circular by which fomething

elfe is bound, particularly calks or barrA.

Thou ftialt provL- a (belter to thy friends^
A hoop of gold to bind thy brothers in, j

That the united veffel of their blood
Shall never leak. Sbakefp. Henry IV.

If I knew
Wh.tt hoip would hold us (launch, from edge to edge
O' th' world, I would purfue it. Sbakefp.

A quarrel, ho, already 1 what's the m-ttter ?
— About a hoop of gold, a paltry ring. Shake/p.

To view (o lewd a town, and to refrain.
What hoops of iron codld my fplcen contain ! Dtyi,

And Icjrned Athens to our art muftltoop.
Could (he behold ui tumbling through a Isoof. Pope.

i. The

HOP

*. The whalebone with wluch women ex-
tend their petticoats ; a farthingale.

At coming in you faw her (loop:
Theenlry brulh'J againfther *os/>. S^ifl.

All that ioo/)! are good for is to dean dirtjr (hoes,
and to keep lellows at a diftance. CUriJfa.

3. Any thing circular.

I have feen at Rome an ant'iqiie ftatue of Time,
with a wheel or Aiw^ ol marble in his hand. Adiifon.
To Hoop. -v. a. [from the noun.]

1. To bind or enclofe with hoops.

The three ioo/iV pot fhall have ten Ak/'. and
I will make it felony to drinlc fmall berr. Sbaktff.

The calks for his Maielly's (hipping were Aoo/ifrf
as a winc-ca(k, or A<Ki/>f'/»ith iron. Raltigb.

2. To encircle; toclafp; to furround.

If ever henceforth thou
Shalt hcop his body more with thv embraces,
I wUI devife a death. Sbah/f. h'inirr'i Tale.

I hiop the firmanent, and make
This my embrace the lodiac. CUav(U«d.

That (lielly guard, which bcofs in the eye, and
hides the greater part of it, might occafion his
mKtake. ^'^'^■

7b Hool . OJ. n. [from tvapgan ox ivop^an,
^Gothick; or houpper, French, derived
from the Gothtck. This word is ge-
nerally written ixihoop, which is more
proper if we deduce it from the Gothick ;
and hmp if we derive it from the French.]
To (hout ; to make an outcry by way of
call or purfuit.
To Hoop . f. a.
I. To drive with a (hout.

Daftard nobles
Su0er'd me, by the voice of (laves, to be
hxp'd out of Rome. Sbah/f eare't Cortolanui.

Z. To call by a Ihout.

Ho'oPER. »./ [fiomixiep, to inclofc with
hoops.] A cooper ; one that hoops tubs.

Ho'oPlNC-couGH. «•/. [or ivhoofing-cough,
from hoop, to Ihout.] A convulfive cough,
fo called from its noife; the chincough.

Tff Hoot. v. n. [h-w/, Welih; iwrr, Fr.]

1. To (hout in contempt,

A number of country folks happened to pafs
thereby, who hollowed and booud Mer me as at the
arranteli coward. Sidney.

Matrons and gitls (hall boct at thee no mote.

Drjjtti.

2, To cry as an owl.

Some keep back
The clamorous owl, that nightly boots, and wonders
At our queint fports. _ _ Sbakcfji.

To Hoot. i>. a. To drive with noife and
fliouts.

We lov'd him ; but, like beafts
Our coward nobles gave way to your dufters.
Who did Aoor him out o' th' city. Sbah/f.

The owl of Rome, whom boys and girls will boot !
That were I fet up for that wooden god
That keeps our gardens, could not fright the crows.
Or the Icaft bird, from muting on my head. B. "Jon/on.

Partridge and his clan may hott me for a cheat
and iropottor, if I fail in any particular of moment.

Sxvi/r.

Hoot. a. / [iue'e French, from the verb.]
^Clamour; (hout; noife.

Its a(Tertion would be entertained with the boot of
the rabble. GUnvill'i Scrf/!i.

To HOP. v. a. [hoppan, Saxon ; happen,

Dutch.]
I, To jump ; to (kip lightly.
I would have thee gone
And yet no further than a wanton's bird.
That lets it bof a little upon her hand.
And with a Clk thread plucks it back again. Sbai.

Go, bof> me over every kennel home ;
For you (hall bof without my cuftom, fir. Sbah/f.

Be kind and courteous to this gentleman,
ii^ in bis walks, aod gainbol in his eyes. Sbah/f.

HOP

The painted birds, companioni of th« Spiinj,
Hofpimg from fpray to fpray v/ere heard. Drydin.

Your Ben and Fletcher, in their firft young Bight,
Did no Volpone, nor no Arbaces write j
But bof f'd iitoaf, and (hort excurfions made
From bough to bough, ai if they were afraid. Dryd.

Why don't we vindicate ourlclves by trial ordeal,
and bif over heated ploughlhares blindfold ? Collier.

I am highly delighted to fee the jay or thethrulh
bof ping about my walks. SfeDalor.

2. 1 o leap on one leg.

Men with heads like dogs, and others with one
huge foot alone, whereupon they did bof from place
to place. Abboi.

3. To walk lamely, or with one leg lefs
nimble or ftrong than the other ; to limp j
to halt.

Tlie limping fmith obferv'd the fadden'd feaft.
And boffing here and there himfeif a jeft,
Put in his word. Drydcn'i Hiuur.

4. To move ; to play.

Softly feel
Her feeble pulle, to prove if any drop
Of living blood yet in her veins did oof. Fairy ^.

Hop. »./. [from the verb.]

1. A jump; a light leap.

2. A jump on one leg.

When my wings are on, I can go above a hundred
yards at a bof, ftep, and jump. Addi/an.

3. A place where meaner people dance.

AiaJ'Wiirth.
HOP. ». / [hop, Dutch; Jupulus, Latin.]
A plant.

It hat a creeping root : the leaves are rough,
angular, and conjugated ; the (lalks climb and twift
about whatever is near them j the flowers are male
aod female on different plants: the male flower
coniifts of a calyx divided into five parts, which
furiounds the (lamina, but has no petals to the
flower : the female plants have their flowers collefted
into fquamofe heads, which grow in bunches : from
each leafy fcale is produced an horned ovarey, which
becomes a fingle roundilh feed. Miller.

If bof yard or orchard ye mind for to have.
For bof fold and crotchets in lopping to fave. TuJ/rr.

The planting of bof yards is profitable for the
planters, and confequently for the kingdom. Bacon.

Beer hath malt lird infufed in the liquor, and is
afterwards boiled with the bop. Bacon.

Next to thiftles are bof ftrings cut after the flowers
are gathered. Dcrbam.

Have the poles without forks, otherwifc it will
be troublefome to port the bof vines and the poles.

M''r timer

When you water hops, on the top of every hill put
diflblving dung which will enrich your bof hills.

Mortimer.

In Kent they plant their bof gardens with apple-
trees and cherry-trees between, 'Mortimer.

The price of hoeing of bof ground i» forty (hil-
lings an acre. "• Mortimer.

Hop poles, the largeft fort, (hould be about twenty
foot-long, and about nine inches \ncomfik,Mortimer.

To Hop. 'v. a. [from the noun.]
I . To impregnate with hops.

Brew ill Oaober, and bof it for long keeping.

Mortimer,

To increafe the milk, dimini(hed by flefli-meat,

lake malt-drink not much bof fed. Ariutbnot.

HOPE. «. /. [hopa, Saxon; £«/<■, Dutch.]
I. Expcifiation of fome good ; an expeda-
tion indulged with pleafure.

lUfe is that pleafure in in the mind which every
one finds in himfcif, upon the thought of a profit.ible
future enjoyment of a thing, which is apt to delight
him. ^o'*'-

yhere is bope of a tree, if cut down, that it will
fprout again. jfoi, xiv. 7.

When in heav'n (he (hall his elTence fee.
This is her fov'reign good and perfcft blifs ;

Her longing, wilhings, bopea, all finilh'd be ;
Her joys are full, her motions reft in this. Da-vies.

Sveci bof e! kind cheat ! fair fallacy ! by ibee
We are not where or what we be;

HOP

But what and where we would b« : thus art thou
Ourabfent prefencc, and our future now. Crajlaw,

Faith is oppofed 10 infidelity, and b»pe to defpair.

7aylor,

He fought them both, but wilh'd his hap might lind.
Eve feparate : he with'd, but not with bofe
Of what fa fcldom chanc'd : when to his wiih.
Beyond his bofe. Eve feparate hefpies. Milton,

The Trojan dames
To Pallas' fane in long proceinon go.
In bopesto reconcile their hcav'niy foe, Dryden,

Why not comfort myfeif with the boft of what
may be, as torment myiclf with the leai on't.

L'E/}range,

To encourage our bofeS, it gives us the higheft
a(turance of mod lading happincfi, in cale of
obedience, 7illo/on.

The deccafed really lived like one that had his
hope in another life ; a life which he hath now
entered upon, having exchanged bope fur fight, delire
for enjoyment. Atterbury.

Young men look rather to the paft age than the
prefent, and therefore the future may have fome
io^jofthem. S'wift,

2. Confidence in a future event, or in the
future conduft of any perfon.

It is good, being put to death by men, to look
tor bofe from God, to be railed up again by him.

zM.ic, vii. 14.

Bleired is he who is no: fallen from his /6<^^c in
the Lord. Eccle/. xiv. 1,

3. That which gives hope; that on which
the hopes are fixed, as an agent by which
fomething defired may be etfefted.

I might lee from far fome lorty truiicheoneers
draw to her fuccour, which were the bofe of the
Strand, where (he wasquartcr'd. Shalt. HenryWllX,

4. 'J he objed of hope.

Thy mother Icit more than a mother's pain.
And yet brought forth lefs than a mother's hvpe;
To wit, an indigefted delorm'd lump. Sbah/f,

She was his his care, his bofe, and his delight,
Moft in his thought, and ever in his light. Dryden,

Hope. n. f. Any (loping plain between
the ridges of mountains. Ainjiuorth,

To Hop e. t. n. [fronithe noun.]

1 , To live in expeftation.

Hofe for good fuccefs, according to the efficacy of
the caufcs and the indrument; and let the hulbaiid-
man hofe for a good harvell. Taylor,

My mufe, by ftormslong toft.
Is thiown upon your hofpitable coaft ;
And finds more favour by h^r ill fuccefs.
Than (he could hofe for by her happinefs. Dryden.

Who knows what adverfe fortune may befall !
Arm well your mind, ii>^f little, and fear all, Dryd,

2. I'o place confidence in another.

He (hall ftrengthen your heart, all ye that io^ in
the Lord. f/ai. ixxi. »4.

ToHorz.v.a. To expeft with deCre.

The fun (bines hot; and it we uledctay.
Cold biting Winter mars ourbtp*d for hay, Sbak,

So (lands the Thracian herdlman with his fpear
Full in the gap, and bofes the hunted bear. Dryd,
Ho'p E F u L. adj. [hope unAfuU. ]

1. Full of qualities which produce hope;
promi(ing; likely to obtain fuccefs; likely
to come to maturity ; likely to gratify
defire, or anfvvcr expeftation.

He will advance thee :
I know his noble nature, not to let
ThyAo/v/"Wferviceperilh. Shch/p,

You ferve a great and gracious mafter, and there
is a moft bcpf/ul young prince whom you rauA not
dcfert. Bacon.

What to the old can greater pleafure be.
Than hofe/ul and ingenious youth to fee \ Denbam,

They take up a book in their declining years,
and grow very bope/ul fcholars by that time they are
threcfcore. Addijin.

2. Full of hope ; full of expedation of
fuccefs. This fenfe is now almoft confined
to Scotland, though it is analogical, and
found in good writers.

Men

HOP

M«n of their own natural inclination ifl^jfi^/ and
ftrongly conceited, whatfoever they took in hand.

Hoaker.

I was bofeful the fuccefs of your firft attempts
would encourage you to niak.e trial alfo of more nice
•nd difficult experiments. Boylt.

Whatever ills the friendle&orphan bears,
Bereav'd of parents in his infant years,
Still muft the wrong'd Telemachus fultain.
If bifefutoi your aid, he hopes in vain. Pop(.

Ho'p E F u L L Y. ad-v. [from hopeful,'\

1 . In fuch manner as to raife hope ; in a
proroifing way.

He left all his female kindred either matched
with peers of the realm actually, or boftfulty with
earls' fons and heirs. IVition.

They were ready to renew the war, and to pro-
fecuic it boffjully, to the reduiaioa or fupprelTion of
the Irifh. Clarendon.

2. With hope; without defpair. This fpnfe
is rare.

From your pramiling and generous endeavours we
may bofifuUy eipeS a conliderable enlargement of
the hillory oi nature. Glamiillt.

Ho'PEFULNESs. ti.f. [from hopeful.^ Pro-
mifeofgood; likelihood to fucceed.

Set down bel.-rehand certain iignatures of hapt-
f::lHji, or charaders, whereby may be timely de-
kribed what the child will prove in probability.
^ IValton.

m'psLESS, adj. [from hope.^

1. Without hope; without plcafing ex-
pectation ; dcfpairing.

Are they indi,!erent, being ufed as figns of im-
oedciate and bofeleft lamentation for the dead f

Hojitr.

Alas! I amawoman,friendlefs,i<,yv/r/i.' Sbatr/p.

He watches with greedy hope to find
Hii with, and beft advantage, us afunder •
tUptitJi to circumvent uj join'd, where each
To mlierfpeedy aid might lend at need. Mitton

The fill'n archangil, envious of our ftate.
And boftltfi 10 prevail by open force,
Seeks hid advantage, thjden: Siau of Innoeme.

Hrfeltfi of ranfom, and coodemn'd to lie
In diraiice.doom'd a ling'ring death to die. Drydrn

2. Giving no hope; promifing nothine
pleafing. *

The hoptlrfi word of never to return.
Breathe I agamft thee upon pain of life. Sbakefp.

Ho PER. n. J. [from hept.\ one that has
pleafing expeflations.

1 ejcept all b<,ftn, who turn the fcale, becaufe
the nronger eipcdtation of a good certain falary will
outweigh the lols by bad rents. Stuifi.

Ho'piNGLY. ad-v. [from hiping.'] With
hone; with expetfbtion of good.

One fign of defpair is the peremptory contempt
of the condition which is the ground of hope ; the
roing on not only in terrours and amazement of con-
fcience, but alfo boldly, Ao//,^/^, and confidently in
wiltol habits of lin Hammlnd.

Ho P P F, R . n. f. [from hop.^ He who hops
or jumps on one leg. Ai„fv,orth.

Hoppers, n. f. [commonly Z2X\tA Scotch
hoppfrs.] A kind of play in which the
after hop on one leg.

Ho'ppER. n. f. [fo called becaufe it is
always hopping, or in agitation. It is
called in French, for the fame reafon,
tremie or trrmue.]

I. The box or open frame of wood into
which the corn is put to be ground.

J^aJ^L°' '^ ■''" Afphakite. fhooteth into
T , u u /"""'r* "")' »« pyramidal and
flam, like the &/>^,r of a mill. C

Granirorou. buds have the mechanifm of a m^':
Uieir ma» i, the t^per which holds and foften. the
|«U1, ieit.ng It drop by degree, into the Itomach!

J»« .1 Uic bopf,r wili I aa»d, ""•

H O R

In my whole life I never faw grid ground,

And mark the clack howjuftly it will found. *e//fr/iw»

2. A baflcct for carrying feed. Aitijiuorth.
Ho' R Ah. adj. [from^ara, Latin.] Relating

to the hour.

Howe'er reduc'd and plain.

The watch would ftill a watch remain ;

But if the borai orbit ceafes.

The whole (lands Itill, or breaks to pieces. Prior.
no RAKY. adj. [haraire, Fiench ; hitarius,

Latin.]

1. Relating to an hour.

IM draw a figure that Ihall tell you
What you perhaps forgot befell you.
By way ol btrary infpetaion.
Which lome account our worft ereAion. Hudiiras.

In bis aniwer to an borary quellion, as what
hour ot the n.ght lo fet a fox-trap, he has difcuffed,
under the charafler of Reynard, the manner of fur-
prifing ajl Iharpers. TalUr.

2. Continuing for an hour.

When, from a balket of Summer-fruit, Cod by
Amos foretold the dellrudtion of his people, thereby
was declared the propinquity of their defolatijn, and
that their trancjuility was of no longer duration
than thofe horary or foon-drcaying fruits of Sum-
„ "^"\ Bruivn ; Vulgar Errors.

Horde, n. /. A dan; a migratory crew
of people. It is applied only to the
Tartars.

Of loft mankind, in polilh'd flavcry funk.
Drove martial horde on horde with dreadful fweep,

HORl'ZON. ,. f. (;jj.^,,.] The line tha^
terminates the view. The horiz-.n is
diftinjuifhed into fenlible and real: the
fenfible horizon is the circular line which
limits the view ; the real is that which
would bound it, if it could take in the
hemifphere. It is lalfely pronounced by
ihak'J'peare, horizon.

VVhtn the morning fun (hall raife bis car
Above the border of this borixon.
We'll forward towards Warwick and his mates.

c . - Sbakefptare.

Sh. began to cafl with herfelf from what coalt
this blazing ftar Ihould firft appear, and at whuHme
it muft be upon the b,rUon of Ireland. Baeon

In hit tart the glorious lamp was feen.
Regent of day ; and all th" boria>n round
lovetted with bright rays. Mitlon.

The morning lark, tlie meffenger of the day,
baluted in her fong the morning gray •
And foon the fun arofe with beams fo Uighf.
That all th- W«»„|augh'd to lee the joyous fight.

When the fea i, worked up in a tempeftf(o-''^Tt

billow, and Boating mountains, it i, impoffible to
defcribe the agreeable horrour that rifes from fuch a
f"^*f'^; AddUon.

Horizontal, a^-. \J,orizcntal, French,
irom horizjon.]

1. Near the horizon.

As when the fun, new rifen.
Looks through the Aor/^MWrnifty air,
Shorn of his beams; or from behind the moon.
In dim eclipfe, difaftrous twilight (beds
On half the nations. j^jji,

2. Parallel to the horizon ; on a level "''

An obehlk erefted, and golden figures placed
M,"C. ""■" ''• "" '"""^'■' -'Of E|Vb_X

The problem is reduced to thisj what pe7«nl
dicular height i> necei&ry to place feveral rankfof
rowers m a plane inclined lo a bori^^omul line „ a
g.ven angle? Art«,h„o, onColl

Horizontally, ad-v. [from horiziintaU
In a dire«ion parallel to the horizon,

neither flo.it above, like lighter bodie-i ; but. beine
near in weight, lit fuperficiaJly, or alawft horizon,. l!y

HO R

_ The ambient ether is too liquid and empty ts
L>V?f,'lT "" '•"•'^""'b with<celerity. Bentle,

HOkN. „ /. \haurn Gothicfc ; honn,*

oaxon ; horn, Dutch.]

''u^'^j ^V^ ^'^'" yMch grow on the
heads of fome graminivorous quadrupeds,
and ferve them for weapons.

No beaft that hath ior«, hath upper teeth. £««.

Zetus rifes through the ground.
Bending the bull's tough neck with pain,
IhattolTes back his Ww in vain ^M-r.

All that procefs is no mor: f;T,rifi„g Ht^^
eruption of born, m fome brutes, or of' teeth and
beard in men at certain periods of age. iw"

2. An inftrument of wind-mufick made of
horn.

Thefquire 'gannigher to approach.
And wind his horn under the caftle-wall
That with the noife it (hook as it would' fall.

hoin lull of good news. c; l r

a.. "^iM ^""'"'■^ '" '-"rooked born ^'''^'ff'^' '
Adds all her breath : (he rocks and woods around
And mountains, tremble at th' infernal found '

•,Ji\ Afcanius, and his youthful train, '^'y^"'
With horm and hounds a hunting match ordain.

3. The extremity of the waxing or wifn-
>ng moon, as mentioned by poets.

She blefs'd the bed, fuch fruitfulnefs convey'd.
That ere ten moons had (harpen'd either A„I'
lo crown their blili, a lovely boy was born. W.

i he moon -^

Wean a wan circle round her blunted boms.

4. The feelers of a fnail. Whenfe't;
proverb r» pull in the horn., to repreft
one s ardour. ^

Love's feeling is more foft and fenfible,
than are the tender A^r« of cockled fnails. Sbahf*
Aufidius, ■'"

Hearing of our M-ircius's banilhment,
1 hruft lorth his horm again into the world.

^,d'durr„!,; "''' *••" Warciusftood for Rome,
And durft not once peep out. Sbakrfpeare,

5. A drinking cup made of horn.

6. Antler of a cuckold.

I f I have horns to make one mad.
Let the proverb go with mc, I'll be horn mad.

Merchant,, venfring through the main, "^'^"^'"^
Slight pyrates, rocks and born, for g.m. ' Huditras

7. Horn „,ad. Perhaps mad as a cuckold'

woiirhf!l\?;rii?. "'-^"^^ '^ "« 'f; .^^

Hornbe'ak. ) „./. Akindoffilh''"''-^^-
HORNPI'SH. I Ji.f'u.-orth.

Ho RNBE AM. ,/. / Uom and beam, Dutch
for tree from the fiardnefs of the timber 1

iehaih leaves like the elm or beech-tree. Thi
timber is very tough and inflexible, and of excellent

Ho'rnbook. n.f. [^r/, and W.J^T'Jie
firft book of children, covered with horn
to keep It unfoiled.

He teache. buy. the borntook. Shakejpear,

Nothing has been coi.Gdered of this kind ouf of the
ordinary road of the hornbook and primer. Lock,

Vo mafter John the Englilh maid
A borniook gives of ginger-bread ;
And that the child might learn the better.
As he can name, he eaii the letter. Prh,

Horned, adj. [from ior^.] fumilhed
with horns.

As when two ram,, ftirr'd with ambitious pride.
Fight for the rule of the rich fleeced flock,

1 heir horned Ironts fo fierce on either fide
Uo meet, that, with the terrour of the fhock,
Aftoniaied both Hand fenfelefs as a block. J-airtS.

7 hither all the buned holt (ClwU,
To graze the ranJiet mead. Dmham.

* Thoil

H OR

V

Thou king of homeJ floods, whofe plenteaui urn

Sudiceifatnai to the fruitful corn. Dry Jen.

Ho'rnbr. n. /. [from horn.'\ One that

works in horn, and fells horns.

The Mn of a bull's forehead is the partof tlie

• hide made ufe of by bomert, whereupon they (have

their horns. _ Grew.

Ho'rnet. »./. [hypnerte, Saxon, from its
boms.] A very large ftrong Hinging fly,
which makes its neit in hollow trees.

Silence, in times of fufl'ring is the bed :
•Tis dangerous to difturb a hornel's neft. Drydtn.

Hortult do milchiefto trees by breeding in them.

Monimer,

I Vvie often admired how hornet!, that gather dry
materi^s for building their neits, have found a pro-
per matter to glue their combs. Derbam.

Ho'rnfoot. »./. [^borti anAfoot.] Hoofed.

Mad frantick men, that did not inly quake !
With bnrnfoit horfes, and brafs wheels, Jove's ftorms
to emulate. Htike^vili on Providence,

Ho'rnowl. »./ A kind of horned owl.

Ainfworlk.
Ht/RNFIPE. jt.J. [horn aBd//><r,] A coun-
try dance, commonly danced to a horn.

A lufty tabrere.
That to thee many a hornpipe play'd,
Whereto they dauncen each one with his maid.

Spen/er.
There many » hornpipe he tun'd to his Phyllis.

Ralei^b,
Let all the quickfilver i' the mine
Run to the feet veins, and refine
Your firkhum jerkhum to a dance
Shall fetch the fiddlers out of France,
To wonder at the hornpipes here
Of Nottingham and Dcrbylhire. Ben Jsn/on.

Florinda danced the Derbylhire hornpipe in the
prefence of feveral friends. latter.

Ho'rnsto.ne. «./. A kind of blue ftone.

Ainftuorth.

Ho'r nwohk. »./. A kind of angular for-
tification.
Ho'rny. adj [from ^»r«.]
I. Made ofnorn.
Zc Refembling horn.

He thought he by the brook of Cherith flood.
And faw the ravens with their homy beaks
Ft>od to Elijah bringing even and morn. Milton.
The horny ox pellucid coat of the eye doth not
Ue in the lame fupertices with the white of the
eye, but rifeth up above its convexity, and is of an
hyperbolical figure. Kay on the Creation.

^ough arc her ears, and broad her horny feet.

Dryden.
The pineal gland was cncompafTed with a kind oi
horny fubftanct. Adjifon.

As the ferum of the blood is refolvable by a (mall
hear, a greater heat coagulates it fo as to turn it
horny, like parchment ; but when it is thoroughly
putrified, it will no longer conci-etc. Aiiiulbnot.

3. Hard as horn ; callous.

Tyrrheus, the fofler-faiher of the bcall,
Thenclench'd a hatchet in his horny liH. Dry Jen.

Ho'rocraphy. ». /. \horographie, Fr. i»«

and yfo^to.] An account or the hours.
Ho'roloce \ n. /. [horologium, Latin.]
Ho'rolocy ( Any inftrument that tells
the hour; as a clock; a watch; an hour-
glafs.

He'll watch the horologe a double fet
If drink rock not his cradle, Shakefpeare.

Before the days of Jerome there were horologies,
that meafured the hours not only by drops of water
In glafTcs, called clepfydra, but alfo by fand in glalTes,
called clepfammia. Brovn.

IIoro'metry. n. f. \horometrie, French;
»f« and /A«rfi'« ] The art of raeafuring
hours.

It is no eafy wonder how the horomelry of anti-
■<iulty difcovered not this artifice. Bro^un.

.Ho'roscofe. *./. [horofcofe, French; ij«.

H O R

••«»»■©-.] The configuration of the pla-
nets at the hour of birth.

How unlikely it it, that the many almoll num-
berlcfs conjuoaion of ftars, which occur in the
progrefs of a man's life, (hould not match and coun-
tervail that J>ne horofcope or conjunction which is
found at his birth ? Drummond.

A proportion of the horofcope unto the fcvcnth
houfe, or oppofitefigns every feventh year, opprelTeth
living creatures. Bro.

Him born beneath a boding horofcope.
His fire, the blcar-ey'd Vulcan of a Ihop,
From Mars his forge fent to Minerva's Ichool.

Dryden,

The Greek names this the horofcope;
This governs life, and this marks out our parts.
Our humours, manners qualities and arts. Creech.

They underllood the planets and the zodiack by
inftind, and fell to drawing fchemes of their own
horofcopes in the fame dufl they fprung out of.

Bentley.

Ho'rrint. aJj. [horrens, Latin. Horrentia
pilis agmina.\ Pointed outwards ; briflled
with points ; a word perhaps introduced
by Milton.

Him a globe
Of fiery feraphim incircled round
With bright emblaionry and horrent arms. Milton.

HO'RRIBLE. adj. [horrible, French ; hor-
ribilis, Latin.] Dreadful ; terrible; (hock-
ing; hideous; enormous.

No colour afFefteih the eye much with difpleafure :
there be fights that are horrible, bccaufe they excite
the memory of things that are odious or fearful. Bacon

A dungeon horrible on all lidcs round.
As one great furnace flamed. Milton.

O fight
Of tcrrour, foul and ugly to behold.
Horrid to think, how horrible to feel ! Milton.

Eternal happinefs and eternal mifery, meeting
with a perfualion that the foul is immortal, arc, of
all other, the firil the mofl dcfireable, and the
latter the mofl horrible to human apprehenfion.

South.
Ho'rribi.eness. ». /. [from horrible.^
Dreadfulnefs ; hideoufnels; terriblenefs ;
fearfulnefs.
Ho'r R I ELY. ad'v. [from horrible. '\

1. Dreadfully; hideoufly.
Wliat hideous noife was that !

lljiribly loud ? Milton.

2. Dreadful to a degree.

The contagion of thefe ill precedents, both in
civility and virtue, horribly infects children. l.ocke.
HO'RRID. adj. [horridus, Latin.]

1 . Hideous ; dreadful ; (hocking.

Give colour to my pale cheek with thy blood.
That we the borrider xai^j feem to thofe
Which chance to find us. Sbakefpeare't Cymteline.

Not in the legions
0( horrid hell can come a devil more damn'd.
In evils to top Macbeth. Sbatefpeare.

Horror on them fell,
And horrid lympathy. Milton.

2. Shocking; offenfive : tinpleafing: in
women's cant.

Already I your tears furvey.
Already hear the horrid things they fay, Pope.

3. Rough; rugged.

Horrid with fern, and intricate with thorn.
Few paths of human feet or tracks of bealls were
worn. Dry den.

Ho'rridness. If. f. [from horrid.] Hi-
deoufnefs ; enormity.

A bloody defigner fuborns his inftniment to take
away fuch a man's life, and the confclTor reprcfents
the horridnefs of the fail, and brings him to re-

pentance.

Hammond.

Ho'r Ri PICK. adj. [horn^ficuj, Lai.] Caufing
horrour.

His jaws Aorrj/fc*, arm'd with tlirtt-fold fate,
Heie dwells the direful (hark. Tbtmpfon.

3

H O R

Ho'rrisokous, adj. [htrilfoHut, Latin.]

Sounding dreadfully. Did,

Ho'rrour. ti.f. [horror, Lat. horreur, Fr.]

1. Terrour mixed with detcftation; a pa(F.oii
compounded of fear and hate, both ftrong.

Over them, fad horrour, with grim hue.
Did always foar, beating his iron wings ;

And after him owls and night ravens Hew,
Thehateful mclTcnEers of heavy things. Fa/r)' ^uciil.
Doubtkfs all fouls have a futviving thought,
ii Therefore of death «e think with quiet mind;
But if we think of being turn'd to nought,
A trembling horrour in our fouls we find. Davlu,

Mc damp borrour chill'd
At fuch bold words, vouch'd with a deed fo bold.

Milton.
Deep horrour feizes cv'ry human breafl ;
Their pride is humbled, and their fearconfcll. Dryi.

2. Dreadful thoughts.

I have lupt full with horrourn
Direnefs, familiar to my flaught'rous thoughts.
Cannot once ftart me. Shukcfpeure's Macieth.

3. Gloom ; drearinefs.

Her gloomy prefence faddcns all t)ie fcene.
Shade's ev'ry fiow'r, and darkens ev'ry green;
Deepens the murmuis of the falling floods.
And breathes a browner horrour on the woods. Pope.

4. [in medicine.] Such a (huddering or
quivering as precedes an ague-fit ; a fenfe
of (huddering or fhrinking. i^hicy.

All objctls of the fenfes, which are very offenfive,
do caufe the fpirits to retire; and, upon their flight,
the parts arc in fome degree deftitutc, and fo there it
induced in them a trepid.ition and horrour.

Bacon* s Natural Hifiory.

HORSE. »./. [hop)-, Saxon.]

1, A neighino quadruped, ufed in war, and
draught and carriage.

Duncan's for/fi, the minions of the race,
Turn'd wild in nature, broke their ftalls. Shakefp.

A horfc ! a horfe ! my kingdom for a borfe ! Shak.

We call a little horfc, fuch a one as comes not up
to the (ize of that idea which we have in our mindt
to belong to ordinarily \o horfes. Locke.

2. A conftellation.

Thy face, bright centaur, Autumn's heats retain;
Thefoftcrfeafon fuiiing to the man j
Whilrt Winter's Ihivering goat afHidls the horfe
With froft, and makes him an unealy courfe. Creech,

3. To take horfe ; to fet out to ride.

I took horfe to the lake of Conllance, which ii
formed by the entry of the Rhine. Addifon on Italy.

4, it is ufed in the plural fenfe, but with a
Angular termination ; for horfes, hotfe-
men, or cavalry.

1 did hear
The galloping of horfe : who was't came by ? Shahef.

The armies Were appointed, confiftjng of twenty-
five thoufand horfe and foot, for the repulfing of the
enemy at their landing. Bacon's If'ar iviih Spain.

If they had known that all the king's horfe were
quartered behind them, their foot might very well
have marched away with their horfe. Clarendon,

Th' Arcadian horfe
With ill-fuccefs engage the Latin force. Dryd. Mn.

;. Something on which any thing is fup-
portcd : as, a horfe to dry linen on.

6. A wooden machine which foldiers ride
by way of puni(hment. It is fometimes
called a timber- mare.

7. Joined to another fubftantive, it fignifies
fomething large or coarfe : as a horfe-
face, a face of which the features are

large and indelicate.
To Horse, v. a. [from the noun.]
I. To mount upon a horfe; to furnifh with
a horfe.

He came out with all his clowns, horfed upon fuch

cart-jades, andfo fiimilhed, as 1 thought with myfelf,

if that were thrift, I wifht none of my friends ever to

thrive. Sidney.

After a great fight thett came ta the camp of

GonfalvB,

H O R

Couratvo, the grtat captain, a gentleman proudly
horftd and armed : Diego de Mendoza alked the
great captain, Who's this? Who anfwered. It is
St. Elmo, who never appears but after the ftorm.

Baton.

H O R

2. To carry one on jjic back.

3. To ride any thing.

Stalls, bulks, windows
Are finother'd, leads are fill'd, and ridges hon'd
With variable complexions ; all agreeing
In eameftnels to fee him. Sbakeffcart.

4. To cover a mare.
If jou let hira out to borfe more marei than your i

own, you muft feed him well. Moriima:

Horseback. »./. [hcr/e znA back.] Riding
pofture; the ftate of being on a horfe.

I've feen the French,
And they can well on korfeback. Sbalrjp.

I faw them falute on horfciack.
Beheld them when they lighted. Shakefp.

Alexander fought but one remarkable battle
wherein there were any elephants, and that was
With Porus, king of India ; in which notwithftanding
he wasi,/,,/. s^^l

When mannilh Mevia, that two-handed whore,
Aftridc on borfeback hunts the Tufcan boar.

If ,, Dry den' I ^m.

U your ramble was on bor/eback, I am glad of it,

00 account of your heA. Sivlfi to Guy.

Horses ea'n n. /. [horfe and bean.^^ A

fmall bean ufually given to horfes.

Only the fmall ho'febtan is propagated bv the
uP'°"S''- Morllmcr.

idoRSE BLOCK, n.f. {horft and block 1] A

block on which they climb to a horfe.
Horse BOAT. n.f. \horji and b»at.\ A bijat

ufed in ferrying horfes.

HoRSEBo'y. n. f [horft and %.] A boy

employed in dreffing horfes ; a ftabJeboy.

Some Aor/fi^yj, being awake, difcovered them by

tl.e fare in their nutches. KjiolUa', Hijlory

Horse BREAKER. „. f. [borje ind break.]

One whofe employment is to tame horfes

to the fuddle.

Under -Sagittarius are bom chariof-racers, «w/>-
breaktr,, and tamers of wild bealts. Crttcb

HoRSECHESxuT.a./. [htrft and chefnui.
Efculus.] A tree.

Uhath digitated or fingered leaves : the flowers,
which confift of hve. leaves, are of an anomalous
hgu/e, opening with two lips: there are male and
female upon the fame fpike : the female flowers are

hulks Their whole year's (hoot is commonly per-
tormed 10 three weeks time, after which it does no '
more than increafcin bulk, and become more firm ;
. and all the latter part of the Summer is occupied in
in forming and ftrengthening the bud. for the next
year s (hoots. a^ ,,

Tk. L r L r Miller.

1 he br.rfecbefnut grows intoa goodly ftandard.

H, Mortimer.

ORSECOURJER. «.f. [ioufr wd Courier.
Ju«iu, derives it from horfe and cofe, an
oltJ Scotch word.which fignifies to change-
and It Ihould therefore, he thinks lie
writ bcrfeofer. The word now ufcd in
Scotland Khorferoufer, to denote a jockey ,
leller, or rather changer of horfes It
may well be derived from co:ne, as he
that felJs horfes may be fuppofed locourfe
orexercifethem.j -^

1. One that runs horfes, or keeps horfes for
the race.

2. A dealer in horfes.
A fcrvant 10 a b„f,courJer wu thrown off his

A Florentine bought a horfe for fo m.nycmwnl'
upon conHiNon fo pay half down: t\xt h-Ucourfer
<mt>n to him next morning for the remainder.

Ho'RstcRAB. n.f. A kind of fi(h. ^"^jT/.
Vol.. I. ■'

Ho'rsecucumber. n.f. [ierfeaad citeum-
her.] A plant.

The b^rfccucumber is the Urged green cucumber,
and the bell for the uble, green out of the garden.
rr I Mortimer.

HoRSEDUKG. tuf. [horfe zniduug.] The

excrements of horfes.
Put it into an ox's horn, and, covered clofe, let it

rot in hot bcrfedung. Peacbam on Drawing.

Horsee'mmet. n. /. [borfe and emmet.]

Ant of a large kind.

Ho'rseklesh.*./ [^<,r/Jand>/.] The
fleih of horfes.

The Chinefe eat horfepjh at this day, and fome

gluttons eat colt's fleOi baked. Bacon

An old hungry lion would fain have been dealins

with a good piece of borfefttjh ! but the nag he

thought would be too fleet for him. L'EJirang,e

HoRStFLY.«./. [hotfemdfly.] A fly that

Kings horfes. and fucks their blood.
Ho'rsefoot. n.f. An herb. The fame
with coltsfoot. Ainf-worth.

Ho'rsehair. „./. [horfe inA hair.] The
hair of horfes.

His glitt'ring helm, which terribly was grac'd
With waving Aor/fia/r. j^fj^^

Horseheel. «./. An herb. Awfiuonh.
Horselaugh, n.f [horfe Ani laugh.] A
loud violent rude laugh.

A horftUugb, if you pleafe, at honeftyf
A joke on Jekyl. ^ p^^^

Ho'rseleech.«./. [horfe anMetch.]
I . A great leech that bites horfes.

The ior/e/ffri hath two daughters, crying Cive,

Ut us to France ; like borfekecbei, my bovs. "^'

The very blood to fuck. sb^ikefp.

z. \\!ipm leech: fignifying a phyfician.1 A

„ *f "'"• AinfJorth.

Ho'rselitter - -■ -

A carriage bung upon poles betweeiiiwo
horfes, in which -•-- ' • - -

«. /. [horfe and litter.]

'- jpon poles between two

the perfon carried lyes

along. ^

He that before thought he might command the
waves of the fea, was now caft on the ground, and
carried in an hc^felliier. , m^c. ix 8

Ho RS E M A N. n.f [horfe and man.]

1. One fkilled in lading.

A fltilful borfeman, and a huntfman bred. DrjJ

2. One that ferves in wars on horfeback.

Encounters between borfmen on the one fide, and
loot on the other, are feldom with extremity of dan-
ger ; becaufe as borfemen can h.irdly break a battle on
foot, fo men on toot cannot poffibly chafe borfemen.

I ,. , . , tiayward.

In the early times of the Roman commonwealth.

LV^rr"" ««i«d y"rly 'r/a millia ^,ls, and a'
foot foldier, one mtlle; that is more than fixpence a
day to a borfeman, and twopence a day to a foot-
'^°'°'".- Arbuibnot on Coin,.

. A rider; a man on horfeback.

With defcendinglhow'rs of brimftone fir'd
1 he wild barbarian in the Itorm expir'd j
Wrapt in devouring flames the hor/rman rag'd.
And fpurr'd the fteed in equal flames engag-d!//j'^,y5„.

A borfeman- s coat ftiall hide
1 hy taper fliape, and comelincft of fide. Prior

Ho'rsemansh.p. n.f [from horfeman.]
1 he art of riding ; the art of managing a

He vaulted with fiich eafe into his feat, I

As if an an«:l dropt down from the clouds.
To turn and wind a fiery I'rgafus,
And witch the world with noble borfemanjhip.

«■, 1 /- , , ^bakefpeare.

n hey pleafe themfelves in terms of hunting or

His majeily, to (hew hn borfem,nJhip, flau^htercd
two or three ot his fubj.a,. '^^ Addijon.

I eersgrew proud, 111 hofema'-JJ.ip C excel) •
NcwBiirkel'. gtory refe, *: Biitain'i fell, ' Pope.

3

H O S

I Ho'rsemarten. «./. A kind .of large bee.

' rT_, Ainjiuorth.

HoRSEMATCH.^.y: A bird. Ainjnjcorth.

HeRSEMEAT. n.f [horfe 2.nA meat.] Pro-

vender. ■"

Though green peas and beans be eaten fooner, yet

the dry ones that are ufed for horfemeat are ripe lalt

U«/»- Bacon,

Horsemint. n.f A large coarfe mint,
HeRSEMuscLE. „.f A large mufcle.

The great borfemufcle, with the fine fliell, that
breedeth in ponds, do not only g.pe and fl.ut as the
oyfteis do, but remove from one place to another.

Hc'rseplav. n.f [horfemdiky.] cSei
rough, rugged play. -P J' J ^oane.

He IS too much given to bor/etlav in his raillr™
and corner to battle like a dioitrfZ ZS^,]

Ho'rsepond. n.f [horfe and ^oj] A

pond for horfes. ^

Horsera'ce. «. / [/:,r/e and race.] A
^ match of horfes in running.

'1. » ^"^-^i""' ■"'" "<= <:"rious that there be not the
leaft^weight up,n the one horfe more than upon .h^

Trajan, in the fifth year of his tribunelhifr «"'

tertaincd the people with a ior/crace. ^^dlZ

HoRSRRADisH n.f [horfe and radijh.]

A root acnd and biting : a fpecies of

fcurvygrafs. '^

,v^°'(i"'"'''te '' '"•^""'i'l hy fpt^uts fpreading from
the old roots left in the ground, that areVutor b™ke"

Slomachicks are the crefli acids, as h^HelaJuh
«nd fcurvy-grafs, infufed in wine. '""J'rad,Jb

Lj./„ . ,, ^'oyer on tbe Humour t.

Ho R s E s H o E . ». / [horfe wAfhoe.]

1. A plate of iron nailed to the feet of
horfco.

_ I was thrown into the Thame., ud cooi'd riow.
■ng hot ID that furge, like a borfejhoe. «ST

2. An herb. '•'"■

HoRstSTK'ALER „. / [horfe a„d fieal.]
A thief who takes away horfes.

He IS not a pickpurfe, nor a bo,f,JUaler ; but for
his verity in love, \ do think him as con ave ast
covered goblet, or a worm-eaten nut.
ti / Shakefp. As you Htc it

Ho'rs e t A I l . ». /. a plan t. "^

Ho'rsetongue. »./ An herb.
HoRSEWAV „./. [horfe and W^y.] A
broad way by which horfes may travel,

Know'ft thou the way to Dover '
-Both ftile and gate, horfe-way, and footpath.
HoRTA'Trn» r n ^''"'"ff-KitSiLear.

a of exhorting; a hortatory precept;
advice or encouragement to fomeVhinR.
Hortative.;,./. p>om honor, Latin.!
Exhortation; precept by which one ex-
cites or animates,

in ^iTf'r"""*'''' '" '•"'■■ i">r«>ti'jes put me,
in mind of their wive, and children. ^ Ba^t^

Ho'rtatorv, adj. [from hortor Latin. f

Encouraging; animating; advifing to any

hing ; ufed of precepts, not of peTfons ; a

/.,r/a/.rv fpeech, not a hortatory fpeaker.

rjin^Tr'''- ?-A ^h^'^'^^^^ultura,
Latin.] The art of cultivating gardens.
Ho'rtulav. aJf [hortulanus. dtin.] Be
longing to a garden. "'

youT!"." '""" "'"'''" °' my *»««/-« kalendari,

HosA'NNA. nf[i.,„,] AnexcIamSn
of praife to God.

•,. , ., Through the vaft of heav'n
It founded, and .he faithful armies rung ^

'^fr """'«''="• Mi/„n.

The

H O S

The puWic jntijnce which Chrift fflaie into ]e-
rufalein wai ccltbraicd with the 60/iiitHtit and accla-
mations of the people. FiJei.

HOSE. »./. plur. ixi/eir. [hofa, Saxon j
Va», Wellh ; offaa, Erfe ; ofaitcit, plur.
cbaujfe, French. J

1. Breeches.

Guards on wanton Cupid's io/?. Shakeff.

Here's an Englifti taylor come hither for ftealing
cut of a French U/e. Shakeff.

Thefe men were bound in their coats, hcftn,
hats, and other garments, and caft into the midit of
the fiery furnace. Dax. iii. zi.

He crofs cxamin'd both our bofe.
And plunder'd all we had to lofe. HuJiiraj.

2. Stockings ; covering for the legs.

He being in love, could not fee to garter his bofe ;
and you, being in love, cannot fee to put on your
iofe. Sbaie/peare.

Will (he thy linen wa(h, or to/en darn,
And knit thee gloves ? Dryden.

Ho'siER. »./. \iiova ho/e.'\ One who fells

flockings.
ib arrant a cockney, as any bofiir in CheapGde.

Sivifl.

HCSPITABLE. adj. [ho/pitabilis, Latin.]
Giving entertainment to ftrangers; kind
to ilrangcrs.

1 'm your hoft :
With robbers' hand my boffitaliU favour
You Ihould not ruffle thus. Sbakefp.

Receive the ihip-wreck'd on your friendly Ihorc ;
With boffUable ritcsrelieve thepoor. Drjdtn.

Ho'sp I T A B L Y. adnj, [from hofpitable.l With
kindnefs to ftrangers.

Ye thus hojfitabiy live,
And llrangers with good cheer receive. Pr/w.

The former liveih as pioufly and hoffUMy as the

other. ■!>■»;//.

HO'SPITAL. «./. \hofpUal, French; boj-

fitalis, Latin.]
I , A place built for the reception of the
fick; or fupport of the poor.

They who were fo eaieful to bcftow them in a
college when they were young, would be fo good as
to provide for them in fome boffital when they are
eld, IVotioti,

1 am about to build an hoJfUal, which I will en-
dow handfomcly for twelve old hulbandmen.

Addifon.

a. A place for (belter or entertainment.
Obfolete.

They fpy'd a goodly caftle, plic'd
Foreby a river in a plcafant dale,
Wliich clijfing for that evening's boffital, ■
They thither march'd. l-'aity S^uee/i.

Hospita'lity. »./. [hqffitalite, French.]
The practice of entertaining ftrangers.

The Lacedemonians forbidding all accefs of ftran-
gers into iheir coalls, are, in that refpeft, defcrvedly
blamed, as being enemies to that hoffilalily which,
for common humanity's fake, all the nations on ihe
eirlh (hould embrace. Hooker.

My mafterisof a churlifli difpolition.
And little recks to find the way to heav'n
By doing deeds of A^iVa/Vy. Shakeff. Aiyou like it.
How has thisfpint of faction broke all the laws of
charity ,^ neighbourhood, alliance, and hoffitaliiy.

S-wifi.
H o's r I T A L L E R . ». /. [ho/pitallier, French ;
hofpiialariui, low Latin, from hoJpital.\
One rcfiding in an hofpital, in order to
receive the poor or ftranger. Ufcd perhaps
peculiarly of the knii^hts of Malta..

The &rft they reckon fuch as were granted to the
bJfitalleri in tiiulum benefcii. AyJiJfe'x Farergpn.

To Ho'sp 1 TATE, v. a. \hJfitor, Latin.]
To refuie under the roof oi another.

That always chufes an empty (hell, and this
beffilatti with the living aniraal in the fame IhcU.

Cirexu'i Mufttum.

H O S

HOST. «./. \hilit, French; hojpes, hofpUis,
Latin.]

1. One who gives entertainment to another.

Homer never entertained cithcrguefts or hofis with
long fpeeches, till the mouth of hunger be Itopped.

-Sidney.

Here, father, take the (hado\v of this tree
For your good bofi. Sbakefp. King Ltar,

2. The landlord of an inn.

Time's like a falhionable bofi.
That (lightly Ihakes his parting gueft by th' hand ;
But with his arms oiit-ltrctch'd, as he would fly,
Grafps in the comer.

Shakeff eare's Trcilui and Crefpda.

3. [From hcjlis, Latin.] An army ; numbers
alTembled for war.

Let every foldier hew him down a bough,
Andbear't before him, thereby (hall we (hadow
The numbers of our hoft. Shakeff. Macbeth.

Then through the fiery pillar, and the cloud,
God looking forth, will trouble all \i\ibofi.
And craK their chariot wheels. Milton.

After thefe came arm'd with fpearand (hield.
An heft fo great as cover'd all the field. Dryden.

4. Any great number.

Give to a gracious melTage
An hoft of tongues : but let ill tidings tell
Themfclves, when they be felt. Shakeff.

5. [Ihjlia, Latin; hofiie, French.] The
facrifice of the mafs in the Romith church;
The confccrated wafer.

To Host. v. n. [from the noun.]

1. To take up entertainment; to live, as at
an inn.

Go, bear it to the centaur, where we hofi ;
And (lay there, Dromio, till 1 come to thee, Sbak.

2. To encounter in battle.

Strange to us it feem'd
At (irft, that angel ihould with angel war,
And in fierce bofiingi meet. Milton.

New authours of difTcntion fpring from him.
Two branches, that in boding long contend
For fov'reign fway. Philips.

3. To review a body of men ; to mufter.
Obfolete.

Lords have had the leading of their own followers
to the general bofiings. Sfenfer on Ireland.

Ho'sTAGE. a. /. \ojiage, French.] One
given in pledge for ftcurity of perform-
ance of conditions.

Your bafiages I have, fo have you mine ;
And we fhall talk before we fight. Sbakeffeare.

Do this meffage honourably ;
And if he ftand on bofiage for his fafely,
Bid him demand what pledge will plcafe him beft.

Sbakefp.

He that hath wife and children, liath given

brjiagei, to fortune; for they are impediments to

great cnterprifes, either of virtue or mifcliief.iSaron.

They who marry give bcflages to the publick, that

they will not attempt tlie ruin or difturb the peace

of it. Aiterbury.

The Romans having felzed a great number of

boflagts, acVjuainted them with their refolulion.

Arbutbnot on Coins.
Ho'sTEL. 1 »./. [hoftel, hafteUrie, Fn]
Ho'sTELRY. ) An inn.
He's r ESS, »./. \hofifJfe, French, from Aij/?.]
I. A female hoft; a woman that gives en-
tertainment.

Fair and noble hiftefs.
We are your gueft to night. Shakeff. Macbeth,

Ye were beaten out of door.
And rail'd upui the hojieft of the houfe. Shakeff.

Be as kind an bo^efs as you have been to me, and
you can never fail ot another hulhand. Dryden.

z. A woman that keeps a houfe of publick
entertainment.
Undiftinguifti'd civility ijlike awhoreora bofirfs.

Temfie.

Ho'sT ESS-SHI P. ». /. [from bofte/s.l The
charafler of an hoilcfs.

HOT

It is my father's will I Ihould lake on me
The boflrjfi-fhif a' th' day ; you're welcome (irs.

Shakeff,

HO'STILE.fl<^-. [hojiili,, Latin.] Advetfej
oppofite ; fuitable to an enemy.

He has now at laft
Giv'n hafti/e Utokes, and that not in the prefeoce
Of dreaded juftice, baton the miniften
That do diftribute it. Shakeff,

Fierce Juno's hate.
Added to boftile force, ftiall urge ihy fate. Dryden.

Hosti'lity. »./. [hojlilite, French, from
hojlile.'] The praftices of an open enemy;
open war; oppofition in war.

Neither by trealon nor bofiitily
To feek to put me down and reign thyfelf. Sbakefp,

H'flility being thus fufpeoded with France, pre-
paration was made for waragainft Scotland.

Hayv/arJ.

What peace can we return.
But, to our pow'r, bcftiliiy and hate,
Untam'd reluctance and revenge f Milton.

We have (hew'd ourfelves fair, nay» generous ad-

verfaries ; and have carried on even our boflilitiet

with humanity. Atterbury.

Ho'sTLER.w./ \hofieller, ftom io/iel,] OflC

who has the care of horfes at an inn.

The caufe why they arc now to be permitted is
want of convenient inns for lodging travellcit on
horfeback, and boftUrs to tend their horfes by the
way. Sfenfer on Ireland.

HO'STRY. «./. [corrupted from hojielry.]
A place where the horfes of guefts are kept.

Swift rivers are with fudden ice conftrain'd.
And ftudded wheels are on its back fuftain'd ;
An boftry now for waggons, which bcfofie
Tall ihips of burden on its bofom bore.

Dr/den't Georg,
HOT. adj. [hac, Saxon ; hat. Scottifli.]

1 . Having the power to excite the fenfe of
heat ; contrary to cold ; fiery.

What is thy name
— ^— Thou'ltbe afraid to hear it.
— No, though thou call'ft thyfelf a better name
Than any is in hell. Sbakefp. Macbeth.

The great breezes which the motion of the air in
great circles, fuch as are under the girdle of the
world, produceth, do refrigerate ; and therefore, ia
thofe parts, noon is nothing fo bot as about nine in
the forenoon. Bacon,

Hot and cold were in one body fixt ;
And foft with hard, and light with heavy mixt.

Dryden,

Black fubftances do fooneft of all others become
hut in the (tin's light, and burn ; which etTeiS may
proceed partly from iIk: multitude of refraiHions in a
little room, and partly from eafy commotion sf fo
very fmallcorpufcles. Newton,

2. Luftful ; lewd.

What bolter hours,
Unregi(ler'd in vulgar fame, you have
Luxurioully pick'd out. Shaiefprarr,

Now the bot blooded gods afTift me ! remember,
Jove, thou was't a bull for thy Europa. Sbakefp,

3. Violent; furious ; dangerous.

That of Carthagena, where the Spaniards had
warning of our coming, was one of the botiejl fer-
viccs, and moft dangerous affaults that hath been
known. Bacon.

He refolved to ftorm ; but his foldiers declined
the hot fervice, and plied it with artillery. Clarendon,

To court the cry direfts us, when we found
Th' affault fo iot, as if 'tv.ere only tiicre. Denbam,

Our army
Is now in iot engagement with the Moors. Dryden,

4. Ardent; vehement; precipitate.

Come, come, lord Mortimer, you are as (low,
As bet lord Percy is on fire to g ». Shakefpearc,

Nature to youth bot ralhnefs doth difpenfe,
But with cold prudence age doth recompenl'e. Denbam,

Achilles is impatient, bot, revengeful ; iSneas,
patient, confidcrate, and careful of his people. Dryd,

5. Eager; keen in defirc.

it IS no weoder that men,, either perplexed, in the

cccelfary

HOT

ntceflTary afFairs of life, or hoi in the purfuit of
pleafure, (hould not ferioufly examine their tenets.

Locke

HO V

Gay.

Ve-

She has, quoth Ralph, a jointure.
Which makes him have lb 601 a mind t' her.

, Huc/iiras.

6. It 13 applied likewife to the defire, or
fenfe raifing the defire, or aflion excited ;
as, a hot purfuit.

Nor law, nor checks of confcience will we hear,
When in iot fcent of gain and full career. Dryd<n.

7. Piquant; acrid: as, ^/ as muftard.
Ho'tbed. «./. A bed of earth made hot

by the fermentation of dung.

The bed we ziWihoibed'n this: there was taken
horfedun^, old and well rotted ; this was laid upon
a bank half a foot high, and fupported round about
with planks, and upon the top was call fifted earth
two fingers deep. Bacon.

frefcrve the hotbed as much u poffible from rain.
TT / Evelyn.

Hotbra'ined.<7^-. list and irain.] Vio-
lent; vehement; furious. Ctrebrofus.

You (hall find 'em either AofiramV youth.
Or needy bankrupts. DryJen's Sfamjh Fryar

HoTCo'cKLES. n. /. [hautet coquiUei, Fr.j
A play in which one covers his eyes; and
guefles who ftrikes him.

The chytindra is certainly not our bolcocklet; for
that was by pinching, not by rtriking.

Arbmhnot and Pope,
As at botcKklei once I laid me down,
And felt the weighty hand of many a clown,
Buioma gave a gentle tap, and I
Quick rofe, and read foft mifchief in her eye.
Hothea'ded. adj. [hot and bead.\
hement; violent; paffionate.

One would not make the fameperfon lealouj for a

ftanding army and publick liberty ; nor a huheaied

crackbrained coxcomb forward for a ftheme of

moderation. Arbutb«ot.

Ho THoi-SE. n.f. [hot and houfe.'\

\ . A bagnio ; a place to fweat and cup in

Now (he prol'effes a hothmfe, which ii a very ill
heufetoo. Sbakejfearc-, Meafurcfor Meafure

2. A brothel.

Where lately harbour'd many a famous whore.
A purging bill, now fix'd upon the door,
Tells you it js a boibou/e; fo it may.
And ftiU be r whorehoufe : th'are fynonyma.

ry I t rr . . Sen jfobtfin,

noTLY, adv. [horn hot.]

1. With heat; not coldly.

2. Violently; vehemently.

The (lag was in the end fo holly purfued, that he
was driven to make courage of defpair. Sidnev

1 do conleft •''

As hotly and as nobly with thy love.
As ever in ambitious lirength I did
Contend .gamft thy valour. Shakeff. Corolla„u,

The enemy, now at hand, began holly » (kirmilh
m divers pUce, with, he Chrirt.ans. K^IU.UH^^y

Though Ihii controverfy be revived, and boti
H.>«cd. 1 doubt whether it be not a nominal difpuT^

3. Luftfully. ^°^''-

Voracious birds, that holly bill and breed.
And argely drink, becaufeo.i fait they feed. Drfder,
Hotmou'thed. adj. [hot and m.,uthA
Headftrong; ungovernable.

,' f"r my people's faith.
That t^^mouihd bead that beat, againft the curb.
Hard to be broken. Dry den '. Spanijh Fryer

HoTKEss •. /, [from hot.^, Heat; vio-
lence; fury.
Ho'rcHPor. 7 «. f. [hachi en toche.

Ho

re HOOTCH. } French; or ■A;;.i';;'en
><>/, French, as Camden has it, as beine
boiled up in a pot; yet the former cor-
ruj)tion IS now generally ufed.l A

mingled hafh; amixture; atonfufedmafs.

Such paiehing maketh I.jliIeton-| bachfot of our

pTh* ,'"''' '"*''*"^' l"-'"?' the fame rather to a
Babellilh confufion than any one entire language.

Camden*s Remains.

A mixture of many difagreeing colours is ever

unpleafant to i),e eye, and a mixture or hotchfotch

ot many taftes is unpleafant to the tafte. Bacon.

Nor limbs, nor bones, nor carcafs would remain ;

Hut a malh'J heap, a hotchfotch oi ;he flain. Dryd.

Ho Tsp UR. ,/./. [hot and /pur.]

1. A man violent, paffionate, precipitate,
and heady.

My nephew's trefpafs may be well forgot ;
It hath the excufe of youth and heat of blood,
A harebrain'd hot/fur govern'd by a fpleen. Shake/.

Wars are begun by hairbrained dilVolute captains,
paralitical fwarmers, unquiet Ao//5>«n, and reftlefs in-
novators. -"^ »„,,„_

... J Durton,

2. A kind of pea of fpeedy growth.

Of fuch peas as are planted or fown in the gardens,
ihtbct/fur is thefpeedieftof any ingrowth. iV/or//»>rr

HoTSPuRRED. a,/,-, [from/^o^ar.l Ve-
hement ; rafh ; heady.

To draw Mars like a young Hippolytus, with an
etteminatc conntenance, or Venus like that hot.
J furred Harpahce in Virgil, this proceedeih from a
lenfelelsjudgment. Pcachum.

Move. The preterite of i6c<2T^f.
Ho'vEL. «r./. [Diminutive of Jjoce, houfe,
oaxon.]

1. A fhed open on the fides, and covered
overhead.

So likewife will a hovel ferve for a roome.
To (lack on the peafe, when harveRihall come.

If you make a hoTjel, thatched, over fome quantity
of ground, plank the gtound over, and it will breed

'^';j*'''=-. . . Bacon.

Your ha, it is mow'd, your corn it is rcap'd
Your bams will be full, and your boveU heap'd.

2. A mean habitation ; a cottage.
The men clamber up the acclivities, dragging

their kine with them, where they feed them and
milk them, and do all the dairy-work in fuch forry
W/f and (heds as they build to inhabit in during
thefummer. Ruy on the Creation.

lo HovEL.t;, a. [from the noun.] To
flielter in an hovel.

And was't thou fain, poor father.
To iow/ thee with fwine and rogues forlorn,
In Ihortand m'lfty ftraw f Sbake/feare; King Lear.
Ho'yza. fart paj. [i:om hta-ve.] Raifed;
fwelled: tumefied.

Tom Piper hath boven and puficd up cheeks:
If cheefc be fo hoveo, make Cifle feek creeks.

1. To hang in the air over head, without
flying off one way or other.

Some fier)' devil h'.iieri in the (ky,
And pours down mifchief.

.. . , . ^I"'l"/t-f^'"'gj<'i»'.

Ah, my poor princes! ah, my tender babes'
If yet your gentle fouls fly in the air,
And be not fix'd in doom perpetual.
Homer about me with your airy wings.
And hear your mothcr'» lamentation.

At ■ „ Shake fp.

A bmer-ng mift came fwimming o'er his fight.
And feat d his eyes in everlaliing night. Dryden.

Oreat fi.ghu ol birds are havering about the bridee.
andfottlinguponit. ^^^J'.

1 ill as the earthly part decays and falls.
The captive breaks herprifon's mould'ring walls:
timers a-while upon the fad remains.
Which now the pile, or fepulchre, contains,
And thence with liberty unbounded flies,
Impatient to legain her native (kies. Prior.

Some left refin'd, beneath the moon's pale light.
Hover, and catch the (hooting ftars by night. Pope.
2. To ftand in fufpenfc or expeftation.

The landlord will no longer covenant with him J
for that he daily looketh after change and alteration,
and boveretb ia expeftitioa of new worlds.

Spin/,, or. Irelund,

H O U

3. To wander about one place.

We fee fo warlike a prince at the head of fo g«a»
an army, hovering on the borders of our confederates.

Tu . t . Addifon.

I he truth and certainty isfeen, and the mind tuliy
poffefTes itfelf of itj in the other, it only ho^.err

Hough. »./. fhoj, Saxon.]
I. 'f he lower part of the thigh.

Blood (hall be from the fword unto the belly, and
dung of men unto thioimdShcgh. 2 E/d. xiii. 36.

^' ^,?^''. '■•J An adz; an hoe. See Hoe.

Uid they really believe that a man, by boughs and
an axe, could cut a god out of a tree ? StiUingJcet.

lo Hough, 'v. a. [from the noun.]

1. To hamftring ; to difable by cutting the
finews of the ham.

Thou (halt bou^h their horfes. Jo/h. ii. 6.

2. To cut up With an hough or hoe.
.1. To hawk. This orthography is un-
common. See To Hawk.

Neither could we hough ax if \t from us; much
lels could we fnceie or cough. Grew

Ho UL ET. ;,. /. The vulgar name for an
owl. The Scots and northern countiei
Itill retain it.

HouLT. n.f. [holr, Saxon.] A finall
wood. Obfoletc.

Or as the wind, in bolls and (hady greaves,

A murmur makes among the boughs and leaves.

tj/-\T m T> Fairfax.

•Jl 1 ••/"• [•>«"*>. Saxon; /5««</, Scot-
tilh.] A dog ufed in the chafe.

Hounds and greyhounds, mungrels, fpaniels, curs.
Are clcped all by the name W dogs.

, , , Shakr/feare's Macbeth.

Jalon threw, butfail'd to wound
The boar, and flew an undcferving hound.
And through the dog the dart was naii'd to ground.

The kind fpaniel and the faithful bound,
Likeft that fox in rtiape and fpecies found,
Purfues the noted path and covets home. Prior.
To Hound, -v. a. [from the noun.]
2, To fet on the chafe.

Cod is faid to harden the heart permiffively, but
not operativcly nor effeflually ; as he who only lets
loofe a greyhound out of the flip, is faid to bound
him at the hare. Branthall.

2. 10 hunt; to purfue.

If the wolves had been bounded by fygers, they
(hould have worried them. L'Eflrange

Ho'oNDFisH,*./. A kind offilh. Mufiel'a
^^f"''- Airtf'worth.

Ho'uNDSTONOUE. ». / [cynogloffum, Lat.]
A plant. MilUr.

Ho'uNDTREE. n.f. A kind of tree. Comta.

Air.f<w.

Houp. n.f. [upupa, Latin.] The puet.

Ainftuorth.
HOUR. »./ [^i'»r<'. French ; -Jara, Latin.]
8. The twenty-fourth part of a natural day;

the fpace of fixty minutes.
See the minutes how they run :

How many makes the hour full complcat.

How many hours bring about the day.

How many days will finilh up the year.

How many years a mortal man may live. Sbak,
z. A particular time.

Vexation almoft flops my breath.
That funder'd friends greet in the hour of death.

,,,, Shakefp.

When we can intreat an hour to ferve.
We'll' fpend it in fome words upon that bufinefs,
If you would grant the time. Shakefpcare's Maibelb.

The confcious wretch muft all his arts reveal,
From the firft moment of his vital breath.
To hislaft Wr of unrepcnting death. Dryden's/En,

3. The time as marked by the clock.

The hour runs through the rougheft day. Shakefp.
Our neiehbour let her floor to a genteel man, who
kept good 4o«r*. Tatler

* f » The}

H O U

They are ai loud any hour of the moTDingi ai our
owii countrymen »t midnight. Addifoti.

Ho'uRGLASs. a.y; [ifcoBr and^/r7/}.]

1. A glafs filled with fand, which, running
through a narrow hole, marks the time.

. Ncit morning, known to be a morning better by

the liourgl.ifi than the day's clearnefs. Hidmy,

In ficknefs, the time will feem longer without a

clock or hourghfs than with it ; fot the mind doth

value every moment. Bacon.

Shake not \\\shiuTglafs, when his hafty fand
Is ebbing to the lift. DrydtnUSfamJbFryar.

2. Space of time. A manner of fpeaking
rather afFefted than elegant.

We, within the hourglafs of two months have
-uott one town, and ovcnhiown great forces in the
field. Bacon.

Ho'uRLT. adj. [from hour.'\ Happening
or done every hour; frequent; often
repeated.

Alcyone
Computes how many nights he had been gone,
Obferves the waining moon with hourly view.
Numbers her age, and wilhes for a new. Dryden.
Wc muft live in buurly expeilation of having ihofe
troops recalled, which ihey now leave with us. Siu'ift.

Ho'uRLY. <j/v. [from>&o«/-.] Every hour;
frequently.

She deferres a lord.
That twenty fuch rude boys might tend upon,
And h')urly call her miftrefs. Sbaktffeare.

Oureftate may not endure
HaiarJ fo near us, as doih hourly grow
Out of his lunacies. Shakefptarc's Hamlet.

They with ceafelefs cry
Surround me, as thou faw'll ; hourly conceiv'd.
And hourly born, with forrow infinite
To me ! Milion'i I'aradife Loft.

Great was their ftrife, which hourly was rcncwM,
'Till each with moit.il hate hisrival.vicw'd. Drydtn.
Ho'u RP t ATE. K.y. \hour and plate.'\ The
dial ; the plate on which the hours, point-
ed by the hand of a clock, are infcribed.

If the eyes could not view the hand, and the cha-
railers of the bourflale, and thereby at a dillance
fee what o'clock it was, their owner could not be
much benefited by that acutenefs. Locke.

HOUSE. ». /. [huj-, Saxon; buys, Dutch ;
hnft, Scottifh.]

1. A place wherein a man lives; a place of
human abode.

Sparrows mult not build in his houfe eaves. Sbat.

Hoafei are built to live in, not to look on ; there-
frre ki ufc be preferred before uniformity, except
irvhere both may be had. Bacon.

In a houfe the doors are moveable, and the rooms
I'tjuare ; yet the houfe\% neither moveable nor fouare.

mttlt.

2. Any place of abode.

The bees with fmoke, the doves with noifome
ftench.
Ate from their hives and houfei driven away. Sbahf.

3. Place in which religious or ftudious per-
sons live in common ; monaftery ; college.

Throdofius arrived at a religious houfe in the
city, where now Cnnflantia refided. Addifon.

4. The manner of living ; the table.

He kept a miferable houje, but the blame was
laid wholly upon madam. _ Swift.

5. Station of a planet in the heavens, aflro-
logicaily confidered.

I'uie fpirjtual fubrtances we cannot converfe with,
therefore have need of means of communication,
which fome make to be the cclcftial Ao«/^t; ihofe
who are for the celcftial Asa/irj worlhip ihe planets
as the habilatiojis of intellcitlual fubflanccs that
animate them. Slillingflrct.

6 Family of anceftors ; defcendants, and
kindred; race»

The red rofe and the while are on his face.
The fatal colours of our ftviving houfei. Shakeffeare.

An ignominious ranfom and free pardoa
At; 01 two tiiijei ; lijc iawlul owrcy fuje

H O U

Is nothing kin to foul redemption. Shaiefjieart.

By delaying my laft fine, upon your grace's
accelTion to the patrimonies of your bcufe, I may
feem to have made a forfeiture. Dryden.

A poet is not bom in ev'ry race f
Two of a bouje few ages can afford,
One to perform, another to record. Drydertx Fables.

7. A body of the parliament ; the lords or
commons colleftively confidered.

Nor were the crimes obje<5lcd againlt him fo dear
as to give convincing fatisfaftion to the major part
of both houjes, cTpecially that of the lords.

King Charles.
To Hoi/sK. T. a. [from the noun.]

1. To harbour; to admit to refidence.

Palladius wilhed him to boufe all the Helots.

Sidney.

Upon the North-fea a valley hoiifeth a gentleman,
who hath worn out his former name. Care^v.

SLinder lives upon fuccefTion
For ever houfed where it gets pofTeltion. Shake/f.

Mere cottagers are but houfed beggars. Bacon.

Oh, can your counfel his defpair defer.
Who now is boufed in his fepulchre ? Sandys.

We find them boufing themfelves in dens. South,

In expcdlation of fucn times as thefe,
A chapel hous'd 'em, truly call 'd of eafe. Dryden.

2. To Ihelter ; to keep under a roof.

As we bcu/e not country plants to fave them, fo
we may houfe out own to forward them. Bacon.

Houfe your choicefl carnations, or rather fet them
under a penthoufe, to preferve them in extremity of
weather. Evelyn.

Wit in northern climates will not blow.
Except, like orange trees, 'tis hous'd from fnow.

Dryden.

To House, -v. n.

1 . To take fhelter ; to keep abode ; to refide.

Ne fulfer it to houfe there half a day. Hubb. 'Tale.

Craze where you will, you Ihall not houfe with me.

Sbakffpeare,

Summers three times eight, fave one.
She had told ; alas ! too foon.
After fo Ihort time of breath,
'Xoboufe with darknefs and with death. Milton.

2. To have an aftrological ftation in the
heavens.

In fear of this, obferve the ftarry figns.
Where Saturn boufes, and where Hermes joins.

Dryden.

1 houfing in the lion's hateful fign.

Bought fenates, and deferting troops are mine. Dryd.

Housebrea'ker. ». /. \^l}oiife and bretik.\

Burglar; one who makes his way into

houfes to fteal.

All boufebreakers and fharpers had thief written
in their foreheads. L'Eftrange.

Housebrea'king. n.f, \hoiife and ireai.]
Burglary.

When he hears of a rogue to be tried for robbing
or houfebreaking, he will fend the whole paper to
the government. Szuift.

Ho'usEDi G. ». f. [hoitfi and </(!f.] A
miiftiff kept to guard the houfe.

A very good boujedcg^ but a dangerous cur to
flrangers, had a bell about his neck, L*Eftrange.

You fee the goodnefs of the matter even in the
old boufedog, Addifon.

Ho'usEHOLD. n.f. [^o«/?and holi.'\
I. A family living together.

Two houfebolds, both alike in dignity.
In fair Verona, where we lay ourfccne.
From ancient grudge break to new mutiny.

Sbakefpeare.

A little kingdom is a great boufehold, and a great
houfehold a little kingdom. Z>'*i<re«'s./4</f/« to VilUers,

Of God obferv'd
Theonejuft man alive, by his command,
Shall build a wond'rous ark, as thou beheld'fl,.
To fave himfelf and houfehold liom amidft
A world devote to univerlal wreck. Milton.

He has always taken to himfelf, amongfl the fons
of men a peculiar houfehold of his love, which at
all limes he h.is chcriflicd as a father, and governed
as a mailer : tiiis it (he p tofcr houfthold of faith : in

H O U

the firft ages of the world, 'twas fometimes literally,
no more than a finglc houfehold, or fome few families.

Sfratt,

Great crimes muft be with greater crimes repaid.
And fecond funerals on the former laid;
I.et the whole houfchuld in one ruin fall.
And may Diana'scurfeo'crtakeusall. t)ryd. Fableu

Learning's little boufehold did embark.
With her world's fruiilul fyftem in her facredark.

Sviifi,

In his own church he keeps a feat.
Says grace before and after meat;
Attd calls, without affc^ing airs.
His houfehold twice a-day to prayers. Siuifi,

2. Family life ; domeftick management.

An inventory, thus importing
The feveral parcels of his plate, his treafure.
Rich IVuffs, and ornaments oi boufehold. Sbaktffeare,

3. It is ufed in the manner of an ailjeaivc,
to fignify domeflick ; belonging to the
family.

Comeliuscalled twoof hisiie/^is/i/fervanti.

Ads, X. 7.
For nothing lovelier can be found
In woman, than to ftudy houfehold ymi ;
And good works in her hufband to promote. Milton.
1 1 would be endlefs to enumerate the oaths among
the men, among the women the negleft oi houfehold
affairs. Stuift.

Ho'usEHOi.DER. «. /. [from boufehtld.'\
Matter of a family.

A certain boufeboldcr planted a vineyard. Mi/, xxi.
Ho'usEHOLDSTUFF. n.f. [houfehold and
fluff.'\ Furniture of an houfe ; utenfik
convenient for a family.

In this war that he maketh, he IliU flieth from his
foe, and lurketh in the thick woods, wailing for
advantages: his cloke is his bed, yea and his houfe-
boldjlug. Spenfer on Ireland.

A great part of the building was confumed, with
much coftly houfeboldfluff. Bacon.

The woman had her jell for )mx houfeboldfluff.

L'Eftrange,
Ho'usEKEEPER. n.f. [hott/f and iee/i.]

1. Houfeholder; mafter of a family.

To be faid an honed man and a good houfekeeper,.
goes as fairly as to fay a graceful man and a great
Scholar. Sbakefpeare.

If I may credit houfekeepers mi fubflantial tradef-
men, all forts of provifions and commodities are rifen
excclivcly. _ LoJle ,

2. One who lives in plenty ; one that ex-
ercifes hofpitality.

The people are apter to applaud houfekeepers than
houfcraifers. IVotton,

I . One who lives much at home.

How do you both ? You are manifefl boufeketfers.
What arc you fewing there ? Shakefp, Coriolanus.

4. A woman fervant that has care of a fa-
mily, and fuperintends the other maid
fervants.

Merry folks, who want by chance
A pair 10 make a country-dance,
Call the old houfekeeper, and get her,.
To fill a place lor want of belter. Swift,

5. A houfcdog. Not in ufe.

Diftinguifh ihe houfekeeper, the hunter. Shakefp,
Ho'usEKEEPiNG. adj. [houfi and keef,'^
Domeftick; ufeful to a family.

His houfe for pleafant profpeit, large fcope, and
other houfekceping commodities, challengeih the
pre-eminence. Cartw.

Ho'usEKEEPiNC. n.f, Hofpitality ; liberal
and plent/ful table.

1 hear your grace halh fworn out boufekeeping,

Sbakefpeare,
His table « as one of the lall that, gave us an
example of the old houfekerping of an Englilh noble*
man: an abundance reigned, which Ihewed the
mailer's hofpitality. Prior.

Ho'usEL, ». /. [hufl, Saxon, from hiinfel,
Gothick, a facriHce, or hofiia, dimin.
hoftioLi, Latin.] 1 he holy eucharift.

To

H O U

To HousEL, "v. a. [from the nonn.] To
give or receive the eucharift. Both the
noun and verb are obfolete.
Ho'usELEEK. n. /. \honfe and lrek.'\ A
plant. Miller.

The accrbs fupply their quantity of cftider acids ;
as juices ot apples, grapes, the forrels, and bouftieek.

t layer.

Ho'usELESs, adj. [from houfe.'\ Wanting
abode; wanting habitation.

Poor naked wretches,
How (hall your bouftUft heads and unfed fides,
Your loop'd and window'd raggedncfs, defend you ?

Sbukffpeare.
This hungry, bou/elefs, fuffering, dying jefus, fed
many thoufands with hve loaves and two hilies.

mji.

Ho'usEMAio. w. /. \houfe zni maid.'] A
maid employed to keep the houfe clean.

The hou/emaid may put out the candle againft the
looking glafs. Stvifi.

Ho'uSF.KOOM, «./; [hott/e iai. room.'[ Place
in a houfe.

Houprctm, that cofts him nothing, he bertows ;
Yet ftill we fcribblcon, though ilill we lofe. Dryiien.
Ho'usESNAiL. n./. A kind of fnail.
H'ousEWARMlNG. »./. [houje and luarm.]
A feaft of merrj'making upon going into
a new houfe.
Ho'usEWiFE. w./ [^bou/t and luife.'^ This
is now frequently written, hu/'wi/e, or

1. 'I he miftrefs of a family.

You will think it unfit for a good bavfnvift to
ftir in or to bufy herfelt about her houfcwifery.

Sprnfrr an Irtland.

I have room •nough, but the kind and hearty
houfnuife is dead. Pope to SzLift.

2. A female ceconomift.

Fining is a mantle for a bad man, and furcly for a
bad bcu/rw/Je it is no Icfs convenient; for lome ol
them, thaibe wandering women, it is half a wardrobe.
apenfer on Ireland.
Let us fet and mock the good boufcwife. For-
tune, from her wheel, that her gifu may henceforth
be difpofed equally. Sbak.

Farmers in degree,
He a good hulhand, a good hi^ufrwife (he. Dtyden.

Early houfcixivex leave the bed.
When living embers on the hearth are fpread.

•n <• • /I Dryden.

The faireft among the daughters of Biiiam fliew

themfelves good ftatelwomen as well as good boufc-

"^V:"' ».,... - Addlfon.

3. One Ikilled in female bufinefs.

He was bred up under the tuition of a tender
mother, till the made him as good an hm/rviij,: as
hcrfeU : he could preferve apiicocks, and make jellies.

Aidifon.
Ho'usEWiFERY. adj. [from iou/rwi/?.}
Skilled in the afts becoming a houJewife.

Ho'usEWIFELY. adv. [from houfe^uife.']

With the OEConomy of a careful woman.
Ho'osEWiPEHY. n.f. [from hcnfenxife.']
I. Domeflick or female bufinefs; m;mage-

ment becoming the miftrefs of a ftmily.

You will think it unfit for a good houfewife to ftir
in or to bufy hcrfcif about her baufnuiftry,

,, .... '^f'l'feroH IreUnd.

He ordain'd a lady for his prife,
Ctnerally praifeful ; fair and young, and fkill'd
iti b<iufruif,riet. Chapman'! IlUd.

jr. A""'u Vr "??"'^ "^""^y ="■' "'•«
f fcrediled by the hou/ev,l/.ry of th. lri(h in making

•'"P- , 'lemfll

2. female ceconomy.

Learn good works for necelTary ufes ; for St,
Paul e»prclfe! the obligaiicn of ChrifJian women to
good kou/e-wi/ery, and charitable provifions for their
family and iieijlibourhood. Tayl»

Ho't/siMC, a./ [from i5«^.]

HOW

-t

I

'. Quastity of inhabited buildiiTg.

London is fupplied with people to increafe its
inhabitants, according to the increafe oiborifing.
-_ Craj/nt.

2. [From houfeaux,heiifes, oxhai/es, French.]
Cloth originally ufed to keep off dirt,
now added to faddles as ornamental.
Hou'sLiNG. adj. [from hcuje.] Provided
for enteriainment at firft entranre into a
houfe; houfewarming.

His own two hands the holy knot did knit,
That none but death for ever can divide ;

His own two hands, for fuch a turn mull fit.
The bcujlhig fire did kindle and provide. Fairy ^
Houss. tt.J'. [from houjeaiix, or hctijes, Fr.]
Covering of cloth originally ufed to keep
off dirt, now added to fiiddles as orna-
mental iigns. 7 his word, though ufed
by Drjden, I do not remember in any
other place.

Six lions' hides wth thongs together fait,
His upper parts defended to his waift;
And where man ended, the continu'd veft,
Spread on his back, the bcufnai trappings of a beaft.

Dryden.
HOW. ad-v. [hu, Saxon; hoe, Dutch.]
I . To what degree.

How long wilt thou refufe to.humble thyfelf before
"f^ ' Exodus.

H(ru' much better is it to get wifdom than gold f
and to get underftanding, rather to be chofen than
'■I""? Pnrverii.

Howoh is the candle of the wicked put out i And
hov) oft comcih their deilruflion upon them ? J^i.
O bi-w love I thy law, it is my meditation. Pfalms.
H(nv mjny children's plaints and mother's cries !
Wiif many woeful widows left to bow
To fad difgrace I Daniel's Civil fVar.

ConfiJtr into bo-w many dili'ering fubftances it
mjy be analyfcd by the Hre. BojJe.

z. Jn what manner.
Mark'dyou not,
lio-w that the guilty kindred of the queen
Look'd pale, «hen they did hear of Clarence* death .>

SbaUJpearz.

Profecute the means of thy deliverance
Byranfom, orAoW'elfe. Milton' t Agonijles.

We examine the why and the hvw of things.

,T,. , ' L'Ejirange.

Tis much in our power bavj to live, but not at

all when or bov> to dij. L'Ejlxange.

It IS plealaot to fee Aow the fmall territories of
this little rcpublick arc cultivated to the bell ad-
»»""?«• , Addijon on Italy.

3. For what reafon ; from what caufe.

Hi-w now my love ? Why is your cheek fo pale ?

Hmu chance the rofes there do fade fo fait ? Sbakefp.

Horuit itthouhad found it fo quickly > Gen. xxvii.

4. By what means.

Men would have the colours of birds feathers, if
they could tell bnv; or they will have gay (kins
inftead of gay clothes. Bacon's Natural Hijiory

5. In what ftate.

For bovi (hall I go up to my father ? Gen. xliv 34.
Whence am I forc'd, and whither am I born ?
Ho%v, and with what reproach (hall I return ? Dryd.

6. It is ufed in a fenfc marking proportion
or correfpondcnce.

Behold, he put no trull in his fervants, ioiv much
lefs m them th.it dwell in houfes of clay, whofe
foundation is in the duft ? y^i. iv. to.

A great divifion fell among the nobiliiv, fo much
the more dangerous by iov/ much the Ipiiits were
more adiivc and high. lUyit.ard

By W much ihcy would diminifh the prefei.t
extent of the fea, fo much ihey would impair the
lertilily, and fountains and rivers of the earth.

h. t ,. , . Bemley.

IS moch ufed in exelamation.

W:w are the mighty fallen ! Sam

Hovj doth the city (it folitary as a widow ! Lam \

1. In an affirmativo fcnfc, not eaiily ex
plained; that fo it is ; that.

HOW

. Thick clouds put us in fome hope of land, know-
ing boiu that part of the South-fea was utterly
unknown, and might have illands or continents.

Howbe'it. 1 adn^. [ho^, he it.] Never-'
HowBE. J thelefs; notwithftanding-
yet; however. Not now in ufe.

Siker thou fpeak'ft like a lewd lorrei,
Ut lieaven todeemonfo,

Hoiute I am but rude and borrel.
Yet nearer ways I know. g^ .

neceirarily any longer than 'till thete grow Lme

urgent caufe to ordain the contrary. HooiT

Ihere is a knowledge which God hath alw^v;

evealed unto them in the works of natu e this

bouieu this wifdom faveth them not. HooC

there was no army tranfmitted out of Kneland'
iowielt the Englilh colonies in Irclund d d wi,:
ground upon the Irifh. >, •

Howd'ye. [Contraftetl from ho^ 2Z"i
In what ftate is your health } A meffagc
01 civility. °

I now write no letters but of plain bufinefs. Or

?etd°:^:l>''"'^°'=^-'-f-^.^o?:

Howe'ver. adty. {hoiu and e-vcr.] '^''

1. In whatfoever manner; in whatfoever
degree.

This rirtg he holds
Jn nioft nch choice j yet in his idle fire.
To buy his will it would not feem too dear,
tlmne'er repented of. ku 1. r.

T . I ^bake/heart.

1 o trace the ways Jt""''

Of highell agents, deem'd bo^^ruer wife. Milton

2. At all events; happen what will; atleaft'
Our chief end IS to be freed from all, if i, may be

however (torn the grea.ell evils; and to eiij.y.^flr
may be, a good &^ ,,... ;h, chiefe.l. 4illor/J,l "

3. Neverthelefs ; notwithdanding- yet

In yourcxcufeyour love does little faf;' "

You might ic;«/,',r have took a fairer way Drvden

Its view, are bounded on all (ides by feveral viJ»
of mountains, which are bo-ujezrr\t fo rreat a
t1S"^:'a '."''^ ""' ' ^cndeiru, variety H^^

I J . I. -ij , ^.tjijon on Italy,

I do not build my reafoning wholly on the cafe of
perfeeution, bo^-e^.n do not exclude it. AtteZ^y

Few turn the.r thoughts to examine how thoie

k"1" '"1/ ?•"' "' ^"^' "'^' h'«cn its end
which would, however, be a very ufelul enijuiry *

4. To fome of thefe meanings this w'olS
may be commonly reduced, but its power
is fometimes almoft evanefcent

r« How,.. ^. „. ^huglen, D.tch; uluk,
liatin.J '

I. To cry as a wolf or dog.

Methought a legionof foul fiends
Environ'd me, and ho-wled in mine ears
S.uch hideous cries, that with the very noifc
I trembling wak'd. Sbakefpeare's Richard 11 f

If wolves h,id at Ihv gate hlivl'd ih-,t a., .
Thou (hould'd have f/id^ Go,;':^' tu^n"": key!^

&W<//^ wildcrnefs. Deuier xxxii 10

As when a fort of wolves infell the night, ' '
With their wild hoivlings at fair Cynthia's light.

Hard as his native rocks, cold as his fword'T"'''"'
m"k",".V ,"'°'T ^''"^''■^''V around his birth;
Hehates he,yranf,_andthefuppIiantfcorns. Smth.

2. To Utter cries mdiftrefs.

Therefore I will hoiul, and cry out for all Mo^ib.

The damned ufe that word in hell, *'""'

Ho-wlingsMtr.i it. Shake/p. R,„eo and Juliet.

Uach new morn
New widows /..W, new orphans cry, new forrows.
Strike Heaven on the face. Shakefpeare's Maeheib.

I have words
That would be ba^l'd mt in the defartair.
Where hcwuig (boHld not catch them. Sbak. Mjch.

'J he'

H U C

The noife grows louder IWl :
Raulingrf armour, trumpets, drums tnil aUbellesi
And rometimes puis of (bouts thai rend iheheav'ns,
Like viOory : then groans again, and hcrwiitir'
Like thofc of vanquith'd men. Dryd. Spamjb Fryar.

Z. To fpeak with a belluinccry or tone.
Peace, monfter, peace 1 Go tell thy horiid tale
To favages, and bovil it out in dcfarti ! _ Phillies.

4. It is ufed poetically of many noifes loud

and horrid.
Howl. k. /. [from the verb.]
J. The cry of a wolf or dog.

Murther,
Alarmed by his fentinel the wolf,
Whofe hoval'% his watch. Hhakefpeare' t Macbeth.
Thele and the like rumours are no more than the
laft *ow/r of a dog differed alive. Sivift.

2, The cry of a human being in horrour.
She raves, (he luns with a diftrafled pace,
And fills with horrid hmli the public place. Dryd.
Howsoe'ver. aii'v. [hoiu iaii Jiever.}

1. In what manner foever. See However.

Berofus, who, after Mofes, was one of the moft
ancient, hmujon'tr he hath been fince corrupted, doth
in the fubftance of all agree. Re/rigb's Hiflory.

2. Although.

The man doth fear God, hcvfoner it feems not
in him. Shake/p.

Tv Hex. v. a. [from hog, Saxon.J lo
hough ; to ham-ftring.

Thou art a coward.
Which boxet honefty behind, reftraining
From courfe required. Sbaktff. imnten Tale.

i^dronius, perceiving the old foldier's meaning,
alighted, and with his fword boxed his horfe, fay-
ing aloud. This day, valiant foldiers, (hall you have
me both your general and fellow foldier, (ighting
on foot as one ofyourfelves. Knolles.

Hoy. ». /. \hou, old French.] A large
boat fometimes with one deck.

He fent to Germany, flrange aid to rear :
From whence eftfoons arrived here three hoyt
■Of Saxons, whom he for his fafely employs.

Fairy Siueen.

To define a barge and buy, which are between
a boat and a (hip is hard. Watts' s Logick.

Hub'bub. w./ [I know not the etymo-
logy, unlefsit be from */, ttj>, or hobnoL']
A tumult ; a riot,

■People purfued the bufinefs with a contempt of
the government ; and in the hubbub of the firll day
there appeared nobody of name or reckoning, but the
A^ors were really of the dregs of the people.

Clarendon.

An univerfal*aW«i wild
Of ftunning founds, and voices allconfus'd.
Borne through the hollow dark j alTaults his ear,
With loudelt vehemence. Millon'i Par. Lofi.

Why wolves raife a hubbub at hec.
And dogs howl when (he (hines in water. Hudibras.

Hu'cKABACK. ». /. A kind of linen on

which the figures are raifed.
Hu^cKLEBACKED. at/j. [hock&r, German,

a bunch,

(houlders.

a bunch, and hack.\ Crooked in the

Hu'cKLEBONE. »./. \{mmhuchn, Dutch,
to fit down.] The hipbone.

Ho'cKSTER. ) »./. [iiJf^, German, a ped-

Hu'cusTERER. ]■ lar; hociftir, a file ped-
lar.]

I . One who feHs goods by retail, or in
fmall quantities; a pedlar.

'I'here cannot be a more ignominious trade than
the being buckjiers to fuch vile merchandife.

Cruernment of the Tongue.

Cod deliver the world from fuch guides, or rather
fuch buekjlers of fouls, the very (hame of religion.

South.

Should thy Jhoe wrench alide, down down you iall,
And overturn the fcolding buckler's ftall.
The fcolding huckjler (hall not o'er thee moan,
IBut fence ufcd for nuu and peanv'ccthrown. Cay.

HUE

There (houM be a confederacy of all fervanh,
to drive thofe China butkften from the doors. Stvifi.

Thofe huckfiereri or money-jobbers will be {nund
necelTary, if this brafs money is made current. Svri/t.
2. A trickifh mean fellow.

Now the ape wanted his hucifier man.

Hubberd't Tile.

To Hu'cKSTER. -v. n, [from the noun.]
To deal in petty bargains.

They mud pay a (hilling, for changing their piece
into filver, to fome buckjlering fellow who follows
that trade. Stvift.

To Huddle, 'v. a. [probably from hooti.]

1. To drefs up dole fo as not to be dif-
covered ; to mobble.

2. To put on carelefsly in a hurry.

At twelve (he rofe with much ado ;
Her cloths were huddled on by two. Pi tor.

Now all in hafte they huddle on
Their hoods, their cloaks, and get them gone. Svii/i.

3. To cover up in hafte.

4. To perform in a hurry.

1 have given much application to this poem : this
is not B play huddled up in haile. Diyden.

When continu'd rain
The l;(b'ring hutband in his houfe reftrain.
Let him forecaft his work with timely care,
Which elfe is huddled when the Ikies are fair.

Dryden.

5. To throw together in confufion.

Our adverfary huddling feveral fuppolitions to-
gether, and that in doubtful and general terms,
makes a medley and confufion. _ Ijicke.

To Huddle. iJ. ». To come in a crowd or

hurry.

Glance an eye of pity on his lolTes,
That have of late fo huddled an his back.
Enough to prefs a royal merchant down. Shak.

Brown anfwered after his blunt and huddling
manner. Bacon.

Thyrfis, whofe artful flrains have oft delay'd
The i»i/i/;»g brook to hear his madrigal.
And fweeien'd every muikrofe of ilie dale. Milan.

Their eyes are more imperfeft than others; for
they will run ajainft things, and huddling forwards,
fall from high places. Brovm'i Vulgar Errourt.

Huddle. «./. [from the verb.] Crowd;
tumult; confufion; with obfcurity.

That the Ariftotelian philofophy is a huddle of
words and terms infigniticant, has been the cenfure
of the wifeft. Glanv.

Your carrying bufinefs in a huddle.
Has forc'd our rulers to new model. Hudibras.

Nature doth nothing in a huddle. L'EJirange.

The underrtanding fees nothing diftinflly in things
remote, and in a huddle. Locke.

Several merry anfwers were made lo my queftion,
which enteruined us 'till bed-time, and filled my
mind with a huddle of ideas. Addifon.

Hue. n.f. [hiepe, Saxon.]

1. Colour; die.

For never in that land
Face of fair lady Ihe before did view.
Or that dread lyoo's look her call in deadly hue.

Spenfer,
To add another hue unto the rainbow,
Is wafteful and ridiculous excefs. Shakefp. Kingjobn.
Flow'rsof alli6«^, and without tliorn the role.

Milton.
To whom the angel, with a fmlle thatglow'd
Celedial rofcy red, love's proper /■</<•,
Anfv%er'd. Milton's Paradife Lrjt.

Your's is much of the camelion hue.
To change the die with diftant view. Dryden.

2. \Hu>e French.] A clamour; a legal
purfuit ; an alarm given to the country.
It is commonly joined with cry.

Hue and cry, villain, go I Alfift me, knight I
am undone : Ity, run, hue and cry ! villain, I am
undone. Shakefp.

Immediately comes a hue and cry after a gang of
thieves, that had taken a purfe upon the road.

L'EJlrarge.

If you (hould hifs, he fwcars he'll hifs as high ;
And like a culf rit, join the in* «nd cry. Aidijon.

HUG

_ Tlie btu and cry went after Jack, to afprehenl
him dead or alive, where hecould be found.

Arbuthnot's J'bn Bull.

Hue'r. n.f. [^wr, French, to cry.] One
whofe bufinefs is to call out to others.

They lie hovering upon the coaft, and are dire^el

by a balker or buer, who ftandelh on the cliff-fide,

and from thence dilcerncth the courfe o; the pilchard.

C.irtvj' s Survey ,

HUFF. n.f. [from hove, or hovtn, fwelled :
he is hitffcd up by dijiempen. So in fomc
provinces we ftill fay the bread huffs up,
when it begins to heate, or ferment : huff,
therefore, may be ferment. To be in a
htff is then to be in ?. ferment, as wc now
fpeak.]

1. Swell or fudden anger or arrogance.

Quoth Ralpho, honour's but a word,
To fwear by, only in a lord i
In others i: is but a huff
To vapour with inftcad of proof. Hudibras.

His frowns kept multiiudes in awe,
Before the blufter of w hofc huff
All hats, as in a (term, flew ott^ Hadibras.

We have the apprchenfions of a change to keep a
check upon us in the very huff o{ our greatnefs.

L' Ejirange.

A Spaniard was wonderfully upon the huff about
his ejttradion. L'Effrangc.

No man goes about to enfnare or circumvent
another in apaifion, to lay trains, and give fecrct
blows in a prefent huff. South.

2. A wretch fwelled with a falfe opinion of
his own value.

As for you, colonel hvffcap, we (hall try before
a civil magillraie who's tisi: greater plotter. Dryd.

Lewd (hallow-brained huffs make Atheifm and
contempt of religion the fole badge and charadicr of
wit. Somb,

7"o Huff. t;. a. [from the noun.]

1. To Avell; to puff.

In many wild birds the diaphragm may eafily
be buffed up with air, and blown in at the wind-
pipe. Grtiv.

2. 16 he^or; to treat with infolence anil
arrogance, or brutality.

The commifiioner at Magdalen college faid to Dr.
Hough, You muft not f r fume to f>i'ff us. Ecbard.

7e Huff. v.n. Tobiuller; to ftorm ; to
bounce, to fwell with indignation or
pride.

A huffing, (hining, flatt'ring, cringing coward,
A cankerworm of peace, was rais'd above him.

Otviay,

A thief and judice fool and knave,
A huffing officer and Have. Hudibras,

Huffing to cowards, fawning to the brave.
To knaves a fool, to crcd'lous fools a knave.

Rofcontmon.

This fenfelefs arrogant conceit of theirs made
them huff it. the doi^rine of repentance, as a thing
below them. South.

Now what's his end ? O charming glory fay I
What, a fifth afl to crown his huffing play ? Dryd,

What a fmall pittance of realon and truth is
mixed with thofe huffing opinions they arc fwelled
wiih. Lccke.

When Peg received John's melTage, (he buffed
and ftormed like the devil. Arbutb. Hiji. of J. bull,

Hu'ffer. n.f, [from^jj^.] A blultererj
a bully.

Nor have I have hazarded my art
To be expos 'd i' th' end tofuffer.
By fuch a braggadocio buffer. Hudibras.

Huffish, adj. [from hiiff,'\ Arrogant;

infolent; heftoring.
Hu'FFi.'iHLY. adnj. [from hi/ffif.\'\ With

arrogant petulance; with bullying blufter.
Hu'ffishness. »./. Petulance; arrogance; 1

noifey blufter.
Tff Hi;c. w.a, [he3ian, Saxon, to hedge,

to indofe.]

I. Toj

HUG

1. To prefs clofe in an embrace.

He bewept my fortune,
And bugg'J me in his arms. Sbaktfp.

What would not he do now to bug the creature
that had given him fo admirable a ferenade !

L'F.Jirange.
Ev'n in that urn their bminer they confels,
And bug it in their arms, and lo their bofom prefs

Dry den.

King Xenes was enamoured upon an oak, which

he would bug and icift. Harvey on Ctn/umptions .

2. To fondle ; to treat with tendemefs.

I, Under tair pretence of friendly ends.
And well-pUc'd wordsof glozing courtely.
Baited with reafons not unplauftble.
Win me into the eafy hearted man,
A\A bug him into fnarcs. Miitor.

We hug deformities, if they bear our names.

GUnville.
Admire yourfelf,
Aiid, without rival, hug your darling book.

R'ifcommon,

Though they know that the flatterer knows (h<

falfehood of his own flatteries, yet they love the im-

podor, and with both aims bug the abute. South,

Mark with what joy he iugt the dear difcover) !

Ro^ve,

3. Toholdfaft.

Age makes us moft fondly hug and retain the
good things of life, when we have Uk lealt profpedt
of enjoying them. Attethury.

4. To gripe in wreftling.
iiuc. n.J. [from the noun.J

1. Clofe embrace.

Why thefe e.\ehbugs ? I owe my (hame to him.

Guy,

2. A particular gripe in wreftling, called a
Cornijh hug.

HUGE. adj. {hoogh, high, Dutch.]
1. Vaft; iramenfe.

Let the eliate of the people of God, when they
were in the houfe of bondage, and their manner ut
ferving God in a ftrange land, be compared with that
which Canaan and Jerufalem did atibrJ ; and who
feeih not what huge dilierence there was between
them ? Htoker.

'Ibis fpace of earth is fo hugt, as that it equalleth
in grealn)if< not only Afu, Euiojx, and Africa, but
Americi. Abhtl.

a. Very great.

The mountain buge, Milton.

Part, buge of bulk !
Wallowing unwieldy, enormous in their gait,
Tempeft the ocean ; there leviathan
Hugtjl of living creatures, in the deep
Strctch'd like a promontory, flceps or fwims,
And feems a moving land. Mihon.

3. Great even to deformity or terriblenefs.

The patch is kind enough, but ihuge feeder.

Shakeffeare.
Through forefts buge, and long untravell'd heaths,
Withdefolation brown he wanders walie. Tbomfon.
Hu'gely. adv. \(vom huge.\

1. Immenfely; enormoufly.

Who cries 0'.it on pride.
That can therein lax any private party }
\X>i\i it not flow as hugely as the fea. Shakefp.

2. Greatly; very much.

1 am bugeiy bent to beluive, that whenever you
concern yourfelves in our aftairs, it is for our good.

Hu'cENjss.w./ [from bugf.]

1. Enormous bulk ; greatncfs.

2. Utmoft extent. Not in ufe.

My miftrefs exceeds in goodneli the iugene/i of
youi unworthy thinking. Shakr/p

Hu'ggermucger. n. f. [corrupted p.r
haps from hiiger mocker or hug in the
dark. Morcker in Oanifli is darknefs,
whence our OTKriy. It is written by bir
Thomai Moore, hoker maker ^ Hiker, in
Chaucer, is feevijh, crojsgrmned, of which
muktr may only be a ludicrooj leduplica-

H U M

tion. /^atfifislikewife in Gercoin a eornei;
and moky is in Englifti dari. I know not
how to determine.] Secrecy; bye-place.

Now hold in buggermugger in their hand,
And all the reft do robot floods and land. Huii. Tale.

But if I can but find them out.
Where e'er th' in b.vggermuggcr lurk,
I'll make them rue their handy woik. Hudiiras.

There's a diflin£tion betwixt what's done openly
and bare-faced, and a thing that's ioat'm hugger-
"'"SS"'' "nJ" the (eal of fecrecy and concealment.

UEJlratige.

Hu'cY. adj. [See HUGE.] Vaft; great;
huge. Not in ufe.

This bugy rock one finger's force apparently will
""ove. Citre%u'i Sut^ey ofCarntuall

HuKE. »./ \huque, Fr] A cloak.

As we were thus in conference, there came one
that feemcdto be a melfcnger, in a rich huke.

Bacon's New Aialanth.
Hui.K. n.f. [i^W*-, Dutch ; hulc, Saxon.]

1. The body of a (hip.

There's a whole merchant's venture of Bourdeaux
ftufl^ in him : you have not feen a bulk better ftuffed
in the hold. Shakefp.

The cuftom of giving the colour of the fea to the
W>j, fails, and mariners of their fly-boats lo keep
them from being difcoveicd, came from the Veneti.

Arbuthnot.

They Ai^o's bulk will tax.
And fcrape her piichy fides for wax. Swift.

The footy bulk
Steer'd fiuggilh on. Tbomp/an.

2. Any thing bulky and unwieldy. 1 his
(tak is ftill retained in .Scotland ; as, a
hulk is a fellow.

And Harry Monmouth'sbrawn, theia/> Sir John,
Is prifoncr to your fon. Sbakejpeare.

To H u LK. a/, «. To exentrate; as, to hulk a
Jiare. Ainjijuarth.

Hull. »./ [A*^«a, Gothick, to cover.]

1 . 1 he hulk or integument of any thing ;
the outer covering; as the hull of a nut
covers the (hell. [Hule, Scottilh.]

2. The body of a Ihip; the hulk. Hull
and hu:k are now confounded ; but hulk
feems originally to have meant not merely
the body or hull, but a whole (hip of
burden, heavy and bulky.

Deep in iheir bulli our deadly bullets light.
And through the yielding planks a palTage find,

Dryden.

So many arti hath tke Divine Wifdom put to-
gether, only for the hull and tackle of a thinking
creature. • Grew.

To Hull. t. n. [from the ooun.] To
float ; to drive to and fro upon the water
without fails or rudder.

They faw a fight full of piteous ftrangenefsj a (hip,
or rather the carcafe of a (hip, or ratherfome few
bones of the carcafe, bulling there, part broken, part
burned, and part drowned. Sidney.

Will you boift fail, fir ? here lies your way.
— No, good fwabbcr, I am to i*// here a little longer.

Sbakejpeare.
He look'd,. and faw the ark hullaa the flood.

Milton.

People walking down upon the fliorc, faw fome-

thing come bulling towards them. L'EJIrange.

Hu'lly. fli^'. [from hull \ Siliqucfe; hu(ky.

Ainjixjorth.
ilu'LLVER.w./ Holly.

Save bullver and thorn, thereof flail for to make.

Tujfer.
To Hum. -v. a, [hcmelan, Dutch.]
I . To make the noife of bees..

The bumming ot bees is an unecjual buzzing.

Bacon.
An airy nation flew.
Thick as the bumming beej that hunt the golden dew
Id Summer's heat. Vfidtn.

So weary bees \a little cclll ttpofe ;

H UTVI

But if night-robbers lift the well-flor'd hive,
An bumming through their waxen city grows.

Dryden.

z. To make an inarticulate and buzzing
found.

I think he'll hear me: yet to bite his lip.
And bum at good Cominius, much unhearts me.

Sbakejpeare..
Upon my honour, Sir, 1 heard a humming.
And tliat a lirange one too, which did awake me.

Sbakejpeare,
The cloudy melTenger turns me his back.
And bums; as who Ihould fay. You'll rue. Shakefp.

3. Topaufein fpeaking, and fupply the in-
terval with an audible emilTion of breath.

Having pump'd up all his wit.
And bumm'd upon it, thus he writ. Hudiiras,

I Hill acquieft,
And never bumm'd and haw'd fedition,
Nor fnufllcd treafon. HuJibrat.

The man lay humming and hawing a good while ;
but in the end, he gave up himfelf to the phyficians..

L'EJirange,

4. To make a dull heavy noife.

The mufical accents of the Indians to us, are but
inarticulate hummings j as arc ours to their other-
wife tuned organs. Glanville,

Still humming on, their diowfy courfe they keop^
And lalh'd fo long, like topsj.arelalh'dafloep. Pope.

5. To fmg low.

//«•/ half a tune. Pope,

6. To applaud. Approbation was com-
monly exprelTed in public aflTemblies by »
hum, about a century ago.

HuM.».y. [from the verb.]
I. Ihenoife ofbees orinfefts.

To black Hecate's fumman
The (hard-born beeilc, with his drowfy hums.
Hath rung night's yawning peal. Shakefp. Macbeth.

Nor undehghtful is the ceafelefs hum,
1 o him who mules through th: woods at noon.

TbomfoK'*

z. A low confufed noife, as of buftling
crowds at a diftance.

From camp to camp, thro' the foul wombof night,,
1 he bum of either army rtill relbunds. Shakefp.

Tower'd ciiies pleal'c us then,, ,
And the buly /6am of men. ' Milton^

One theatre there is of vaftrefort.
Which whilom ot lequelts was call'd the court ; ,
But cow the great exchange of news 'tis hight.
And full of bum. and buz from noon till night. Dryd'.

3. Any low dull noife.

Who fat the neareft, by the words o'ercome.
Slept fall : the diftant nodded to the bum. Poft,.

4. A paufe with an inarticulate found.

Thefe Ihrugs, thel'e btimstni. haws.
When you havefaid (he's goodly, come between,.
Ere you can fay (he's honclt. Sbak. IVinier's Tale,^

Your excufes want fomc grains to make 'cm cur-
rent : bum and ha will not do the bulinefs. Dryden^

5. In Hudibras it feems ufed for i6azo.

And though his countrymen the Huns,
Did llew their meat between their hums.
And the horfcs backs, on which theyftraddle.
And e'A'iy man cat up hisfaddle. Hudiiras,

6. An exprelfion of applaufe.

You hear a hum in (he right place. SpeHalor, ,

HvM. iiiterjetS. A found implying doubt
and deliberation.

Let not your eyes defpife the heavie(t found
That ever yet they heard.
Hum'. I guefs at it. Shakefp. Macie'i,

See fir Robert — hum!
And never laugh for all my life to come. Pope.

HU'MAN. adj. [humanus, Latin; humain,
French.]

1. Having the qualities of a man.

It will never be atkcd whether he be a gentleihail'
born, but whether he be a human creature i Swift,

2. Belonging to a man.

The king is but a man as I am ; the violet fmells
to him as it doth to me; all his fcofes have but
human coadilicns, Shakefp.

HUM

Tot nun to tell how human life begin
It hard; for who himfell beginning knew? Mi'lttH.

Thee, ferpent, fubtil'ft bcaft of all the field,
I knew, but not with bumait voice indu'd. Milton.

Intuitive knowledge needs no probation, nor can
have any, this being the highcft pf all human cer-
tainty. Lech.
HUMA'NE. adj. [hamaine, Fr.l Kind;
civil; benevolent; good-natured.

Love of othen, if it be not fpent upon a few, doth
naturally fpread itfetf towards many, and maketh
men become humant and charitable. Bacon.

Envy, malice, covetoufnefj and revenge are abe-
lifhed i a new race of virtues ai>d graces, more divine,
more moral, more humane, are planted in their ttead.

Strait.

Hu ma'n ELY. flifo. [from humane.'] Kind-
ly ; with good-nature.

If they would yield us the fuperfluity, while it
were wholclomc, we might guefs they relieved us
humunrly. Sbakfffejrr.

'Hv'MMiisr. rt. /.{humani/Ie, French.] A
philologer ; a grammarian : a term ufed
in the fchools of Scotland.
Humanity. »./. [humamie,Ft, humaniias,

Latin.
a. The nature of man.

Look to thyfelf J reach not beyond humanity.

SiJney.

A rarer fpirit never did fleer humanity. Sbakt/p.

The middle of bumaniiy thou never kneweft, but

the eittemity of both ends. Shakeff.

To preferve the Hebrew intire and uncorrupt,

there hath been tifed the higheft caution humanity

could invent. Brown.

a. Human kind; the colle<aive body of
mankind.

If he can untie thofe knots, he is able to teach all
humanity, and will do well to oblige mankind by his
information. GlanvilU.

3. Benevolence; tenderncfs.

All men ought to maintain peace and the common
offices oi humanity and friendlhip in diverfity of opi-
nions. Lxkc.

How few, like thee, enquire the wretched out,
And court the offices of foft bwnjttiiy ?
tike thee referve their raiment for the naked.
Reach out their bread to feed the crying orphan.
Or mix their pitying tears witli thofe that weepi

Rovis.

4. Philology ; grammatical ftudies. In
Scotland, humartiores litene.

9i Hu'm ANIZE.1'. (7. [A//»i«/ff//rr, French.]
To foften j to make fufceptible of ten-
dcrnefs or benevolence.

Here will I paint the charaftersofwoe,
And here my faithful tears in Ihow'rs (hall flow,
to humanize the flints whereon I tiead. IVoiton.

Was it the bufmefs of magick to humanize tur
natures with compalTion, for^ivenefs, and all the in-
ftanccsof the moll extcnfi-e charity ? Addijtn.

Hu'mankind. n. J. {human and kind.']
The race of man ; mankind.

niell with a lalle eiail, yet unconfin'd ;
A knowledge both of books and humankind. Pope.
Hu'manly. fli/i'. [from ^awaw.]
•J. After the notions of men ; according to
the power of men.

Thus the prefent happy ptofpciS of our afl^airs, hii-
man/y fpeakin^, m-ay fccro to promifc. jliitibur^.

2. Kindly ; with good-nature. This is
now written humanely.
Though learn'd, well bred ; and though well bred,
fnicert ;
Modeftly bold, and humanly fevere. Pofe.

Hti'MBiRD.w J. [from ;&«OT and ^/r</. ] The
humming bird.

All «ge5 have conceived the wiVn the Icaft of
birds, yet our own plantations have rticwed one fai
lefs; tlijt is, the bumbkd, rot much exceeding a
beetle. difovn.

H U M

Huuble.a//. \ittmble. Ft. humili'j. "Lit.]

1 . Not proud ; modeft ; not arrogant.

And mighty proud to bumble weak does yield.

Spenfer.

Now we hive (hewn our power,
Let us feem humbler after it is done,
Than when it wasa-doing. Sbakeff. Cirhlanus.

Thy humble fervant vows obedience,
And faithful fervice 'till the point of death. Sbakefp.

We (hould be as humble in our imperfeftions and
fins, as Chrift was in the fulnefs of the fp rit, great
wifdom,and perfeil Wk.Taylor's Rule oflivinghcly.

You, if an bumble hufband, may tequefl,
Provide and order all things for the beft^ Dryden.

Ten thoufand trifles light at thefci
Nor can my rage nor anger move :

She fhould be humble who would pleafe;
And (he muft fufler, who can love. Frier,

2. Low ; not high ; not great.

Th' example of the hcav'niy lark.
Thy Icllow-poct, Cowley, mark !
Above the Ikies let thy proud mufick found,
Thy bumble ncft build on the ground. Cauley,

Denies what evVy wretch obtains of fate,
An humble roof and an obfcure retreat. YalJen.

Ah ! prince, had'ftthou but known the joys which
dwell
With humbler fortunes, thou wouljft curfe thy
royalty ! R'j-uie.

Far humbler titles fuit my loft conditions. Smith.
To Hu'mble. 'V. a. [from the adjeftive.]

1. To mak"; humble ; to make fubmiflive;
to make to bow down with humility.

Take this purfe, thou whom the heav'ns plagues
Have humbled to all ftrokes. Shakeff. King Lear.

The executioner
Falls not the axe upon the bumbled neck.
But lirl^ begs pardon. Shukifp. As you like it.

Humble yourfelves under the mighty hand of God,
that he may exalt you. i Pet. v. 6.

Hezekiah humbled himfelf for the pride of his
heart. 2 Chron.

Why do I humble thus myfelf, and fuing
For peace, reap nothing but rcpulfeand hate? Milton,

Let the (inner putaw.iy the evil of his doings, and
humble himfelf by a fpccdy and (incere repentance ;
Let him return to Cod, and then let him be alTijred
that God will return to him. Rogers,

2. To crulh ; to break; to fubdue ; to mor-
tify.

Yearly injoin'd, fome fay to undergo
This annual humbling certain number'd days.
To dalh their pride and joy, for man feducM. Milton.

We are pleafed, by fome implicit kind of revenge,
to fee him taken down and humbled in his reputation,
who had fo far raifed himfelf above us. Addifon.

The miftrefs of the world, the feat of empire,
The nurfe of heroes, the delight of gods,
That bumbled the pit>ud tyrants of the earth. Addif.

Men thai make a kind of infult upon fociety,
ought 10 be bumbled as difturbcrs of live public tran-
quillity. Freeholder.

Fortune not much of humbling me can boall ;
Though double tax'd how little have I loft ! Pope.

3. To make to condefccnd.

I'his would not be to condcfcend to their capaci-
ties, when he humblei himfelf to fpeak to them, but
to lofe his defign in fpeaking. Locke.

4. To bring down from an height.

In procefs of time the highcft mountain! may be
j&»m3/<-^ into valleys ; and again, the lowcft vallies
exalted into mountains. llaknvill on Pro'vidcnce,
Hu'mblebee. n.f. [A///«A/cand bte. What
may be the true etymology of this word
1 am in doubt. The bumblebee is known
to have no fting. The Scotch call a cow
without horns an humble com ; fo that the
word feems to fignilies iuermii, wanting
the natural weapons. Dr. Beattie,] A
buzzing wild bee.

The honcyb-igs fteal from the humblebets.
And for night tapers crop their waxen thighs. Sh.ik,
This puts us in mind once again, of the bumblebeet
and the tinder-boxes. Antrtury,

HUM

Hu'MBLEBEB.w.y; An herb. AmJ'-wtrtkf
Hxj'mblebhe Eater, n. J. A fly that eat*
the bumblebee. Ain/nxiorth.

Hu'mbleness. n.f. \Jxomhumhle.] Hu-
mility ; abfence of pride.

With how true humlltnffi
They looked down to triumph over pride 1 Sidney,

1 am rather with all fubjefled humllencfs, to thank
her excellencies, fince the duty thereunto gave me
rather heart to five myfelf, than to receive thanks.

Sidney,

It was anfwered by us all, in all pofTible humble,
nefi i but yet with a countenance, that we knew he
fpoke it but merrily. Bacon.

A grain of glory, mixed with bumblenefs.
Cures both a fever and Icthargicknefs, Herbert.

Hu'mbler. n.f, [hom humb/e.] One that
humbles or fubdues himfelf or others.

Hu'mblemoutheD. adj. [humble and
mouthed,] Mild ; meek.

You are meek ^x\i humblemat/tied : butyourheart
Is cramm'd with arrogancy,fpleen and fxiic. Sbakt/p.

Ho'mbleplant. «. /. A fpecies of fcn-
fitive plant.

The bumbleplant it fo called, becaufe, as foon as
you touch it, it proftrates itfelf on the ground, and
in a Ihorc time elevates itfell again: it is railed in
hotbeds. Mortimer,

Hu'mbles. n,/. Entrails of a deer.
Hu'mbi ESS. n, /, [ftom humble,] Hura-
blenefs ; humility. Obfolete.

.And with meek bumhlefs, and affliiited mood.
Pardon for thee, and grace for rae intreat. Spinjer.
Hu'mbly. adv. [iromhumble,]
I. Without pride; with humility; modeftly j
with timorous modefty.

They were us'd to bend.
To fend their fmiles before them to Achilles,
To come humbly as they ufed to creep to holy altar?.

Sbak.Jp.
Here the tim'd Euphrates humhly^Mti
And there the Rhine fubmits her fwelling tides.

Dryden,
Write him down a (lave, who, humbly proud.
With prefents begs preferments from the crowd.

Dryden,
In midft of dangers, fears, and death,
Thygoodnefs I'll adore.

And praife thee f',r tliy mercies pift.
And humbly hope for more. Addifon^

z. Without height ; without elevation.
Hu'mdrum. adj. [from httm drone, or
humming drone,] JJull; dronifh ; ftupiii.

Shall we, quoth (he, ftand (Jill, humdrum.
And lee ftout Bruin all alone,

By numbers bafely overthrown ? HudlSras.

1 was talking with an old humdrum fellow, and,

before 1 had heard his ftory out, was called away by

bufinefs. Addifon,

To HUMECT. \ 1', a, {himeao, Lat.

To HU.MECTATE. J humeaer,Yttv.<:h.]

To wet ; to moiften.

The Nile and Niger do not only moiften and con.
temperate the air by their exhalations, but refrcOi and
bumtciaie the earth by their annual inuiijaiions.

Brtvn.

Her rivers are divided into (luices, 1.1 bumcHale

the bordering foil. Htnvel's Focal Foreft.

The medicaments are nf acool A««t<5//;^ quality,

and not too much aftringcnt. Wifeman's Surgery,

Humecta'tion. n.f, [humedation, t'l.

from hiimedate.] The acl of wetting;

moiftening.

Plates ol brafs, applied to a blow, will keep it
down from fwelling : the caufe is reperculTion, with-
out bumeHiitioK, or entrance of any body.

Bacon * j Natural Hijlcry,

That which is concreted by exficcaiions or ex-

prdfion of humidity, will be refolvcd by bumeliaiion,

as earth and clay. Brovn.

Hu'MBRAf,. adj. [humeral, French, from

humerus, Lat.J Belonging to the Ihoulder.

■ The

HUM

Tke tijgeft crooked needle ftiould tie ufed, with]
« ligature, in taking up the iymera/ ittuKs in am- 1
putation. Siarf.

Hwmicuba'tion. «. /. [humi and cuSoA
Latin.] The aft of lying on the ground.
Fafting and fackclothi jnd alhes and tears, and
humicuiatiem, ufed to be companions of repentance.

BrambaiU

HU'MID. adj. [humiJt, French; humidus,
Latin.] Wet} moid; watery.

Iris there) with ^^mi;/ bow.

Waters the odorous banks that blow

Flowers of more mingl'd hue

Than her purpled fcarf can (henr, M'lUtn.

The queen, lecever'd, rears her i»«M'</ eyes,

And firft her hulband on the poop cfpics. Dryden.
It they nip eaftly, and are of a fit fize to be agi-

tated by heat, and the heat is big enough to keep

them in agiution, the bodyisSuid; and if it be

apt to ftick to things, it is humid. Nrwroit's Of rich.
HuMi'oiTY. »./. [kumiditt, French; from
humid.'\ That quality which we call
moifture, or the power of wetting other
bodies. ItdiSers very much from fluidity,
depending altogether on the congruity
of the component particles of any liquor
to the pores or funaces of fuch particular
bodies as it is capable of adhering to.
Thus quickfilver is not a moift liquor,
in refpeft to our hands or clothes, and
many other things it will not ftick to ;
but it may be called fo in reference to
gold, tin, or lead, to whofe furfaces it
will prefently adhere. And even water
itfelt that wets almoft every thing, and
is the great ftandard of humidity, is not
capable of wetting every thing, for it
fiands and runs eafily off in globular
drops on the leaves of cabbages and many
other plants; and it will not wet the
feathers of ducks, fwans, and other water-
fowl. ^in<y.
We'll ufe this unwholeforae i»«/V/^', thisgrofs
watry pumpion. Shmkrjfiare,

O biefling-breeding fun ward from the earth.
Rotten humidity t below thy fitter's orb
Infed the air I Shaifftare'i Timen ofAihtni.

Young animals have more tender fibres, and more
humidity, than old animals, which have their juices
more eialted and rclifhing. Arbuihnoi.

Humilia'tion. a. yJ [French.]

1, Defcent from greatnefs ; aft of humility.

The former was an humiliation oi Deity, the latter
iti humiliation al manhood; for which caufe there
followed upon the latter an eialtation of that which
was humbled j for with power be c«»ted the world,
¥ut rellorcd it by obedience. llo(Jttr.

Thy humiliation (hall exalt
With thee thy manhood alfo to this throne. Millon.

2. Mortification; external expreffion of fin
and unworthinefs.

John fared poorly, according unto the apparel he
wore, that is, of camel's hair; and the dottrine he
preached was humiliaiicn and repentance, Brotvn

With tears
Wat'ring the ground, and with our fighs the air
Trccjueniing, fent from hearts contrite, in fign
Of lorrow unfeign'd, 3Tii humiliation meek. Milton.

•g. Abatement of pride.

It may fer\e for a great lelToti of humiliation
to mankind, to behold the habits and paflions ol
men trampling over iniereft, fiiendfhip, honour, and
their own perianal falety, as well as that of th«ir
country. Swi/t.

H u M i'l I TV. n. _/l [hamiliti, French.]
J. Freedom from pride ; modefty ; not
arrogance.

When wc make profclfion of our faith, we (land ;
when we acknowledge our fins, or feek unto Cod
iet favour, we fail {towoj bccavfe the g«&ure of

Vat. 1.

HUM

cennancy becometh us beft in the one, in the other
the behaviour of iK»r(7/p<. Hooker,

I do not know that miglifhman alive.
With whom my foul is any jot at odds,
More than the infant that is born to-night)
I thank my God for my humility. Shak. Rich. III.

What the height of a king tempteth to revenge,
the humility of a Chriftian teachetn to forgive.

King Charles.

The A«»t//;{y of the ftyle gained them many friends.

clarendon.
There are fome that ufe
Humility to ferve their pride, and feem
Humble upon their way, to be the prouder
At their wilh 'd journey 'send. Denham*s Sophy.

It is an eafy matter to extol humility in the midft
of honour, or to begin a fall after dinner. South.

As high turrets, for their airy fteep
Require foundations in proportion deep ;
And lofty cedars as far upwards fhoot.
As to the nether heavens they drive the root;
So low did her fecure foundation lye,
Sh« was not humble, but humility, Dryden.

2. Aft of fubmiffion.

With thefe humilities they fatisAed the young
king, and by their bowing and bending avoided the
prefent ftorm, Davles.

Hu'mmer.w. /. [from A«/».] That which
hums ; an applauder. jiinjhuirih.

Hu'moral. adj. [from humour.^ Pro-
ceeding from the humours.

This lort of fever is comprehended under con-
tinual humoral fevers. Harvey on Conjumftions.
Ht;'MORisT. »./. \humorifio, Italian; hu.
ntorijle, French.]

1. One who condufts himfelf by his own
fancy; one who gratifies his own humour.

The notion of a humoriji is one that is greatly
pleafed, or greatly difpleafed, with little things; his
anions feldom directed by the reafon and nature of
things, IVatts.

This humoriji keeps to himfelf much more than
he wants, and gives his fupcrfiuitles to purchalc
heaven. Addijon.

2. One who has odd conceits.

The wit finks imperceptibly into an humoriji.

Spectator.

3. One who has violent and peculiar paffions.

By a wile and timeous inquifuion the peccant

humours and humorijis muft be difcovered and pucged,

orcutolf: mercy, in fuch a cafe, in a king, is true

cruelty. Baeon to f^illiers.

Hu'M0R0t;s. adj. [from humour.]

1. Full of grotefque or odd images.

Some of the commentators tell us, that Marfya
was a lawyer who had loft his caufe j others that
this palTage alludes to the ftory of the fatirc Marfyas,
who contended with Apollo, which I think is more
humorous. Addi/on on Italy.

2. Capricious; irregular; without any rule
but the preft;nt whim,

1 am known to be a humorous patrician ; faid
to be fomething imperfeft, in favouring the hrlt
complaint; halty and tinder-like, u|H)n too tiivijl
motion. Shakefpeare't C^riolanu:.

Thou fortune's champion, that do'lt never tight
But when her humorous ladylhip is by.
To teach thee fafeiy, Siiair/fi. King Jjhn.

He's humorous as Winter, and as fudden
As flaws congeal'd in the fpring of day.

Shaie/f. Henry IV.
O, you awake then : come away.
Times be (hort, arc made tor play ;
The humortfus moon too will not Hay :
What doih make you thus delay ? Ben yonfort.

Vail is his courage, boundlcfs in his mind.
Rough asalloim,and humotous sli thewind. Dryden,
He that would learn to pais a juft feutcnte on
perfons and things, mull take heed ot a lanciful
temper ol mind, and an humQUious coiidudl in his
affaiis. Watis's Logick,

3. Pleafant ; jocular.

Thy humoivui vein, thy pleafing folly.
Lies aU ucglcCtcd, all forgot j

HUM

And penfive, tvav'ring, melancholyt
Thou dread'ft and hop'ft thou know'ft not what.

Prior,.
Hu'MORoustY, adj, [from Ar/Boroax.]

1. Merrily; jocofely.

A cabinet of medals Juvenal calls very iwoofix^,.
concifum argentum in titulos fjcie/jue minutas,

Addifon*
It has been humorcuJlyhM, that fome have filhed
the very jakes for papers left there by men of wit.

Swi/t^

2. Capricioufly; whirafically.

We refolve by halves, and unadvifedly ; wc refolve

ralhly, fiUily, or kumoroujly, upon no reafons that

will hold. Calamj.

Ho'morousness. n. f. [from humorous.]'

1. Ficklenefs ; capricious levity.

2. jocularity; oddnefs of conceit.
Hu'mouRsome. a<^'. [horn humour.l

1. Peevifh ; petulant. '

2. Odd ; humourous. In this fenfe it is lefs
ufed.

Our fcience cannot be much improved by maf-

querades, where the wit of both fcxes is allogether

taken up in continuing fingular and humorfomf dif-

guifes. S-u'ift.

H i;'moursom ELY. <z</t^, [from/j«CT»ar/a»K.]

Peevilhly ; petulantly.
HU'MOUR. n,;. [humour. Fr, humor, Lat.J

1. Moifture.

The aqueous humour of the eye will not freeie,
which is very admirable, feeing it hath the pcr-
fpicuity and fluidity of common water.

Ray on lie Creatiom,

2. The different kind of moifture in man's
body, reckoned by the old phyficians to
be phlegm, blood, choler, and melancholy,
which, as they predominated, were fup-
pofed to determine the temper of mind.

Believe not thefe fuggeftions, which proceed
From anguifli of the inind and humours black.
That mingle with thy fancy. Milloitt

3. General turn or temper of mind.

As there is no humour to which i-npudent poverty
cannot make itfelf fcrviccablc; io were there enoiv
of thofc of defperate ambition, who would build their
houfes upon others ruin. Sidney.

There came a young lord, led with the humour
of youth, whichever thinks thatgood whofe goodncfa
he fres not. Sidmy.

King James, as he was a prince of greatjudgment,
fo he was a prince of a marvellous pleafant humour 2
as he was going through Lufen by Greenwich, he
alked what town it was? they faid Lufen. He alked,
a good while after, what town is this we are now in f
They laid IWI it was Lufen : then, faid the king. I
will be king of Lufen. Bacon's Apofthegmi.

Lxamine how your humour is inclined,

And which the ruling paffion of your mind.

R'.fcommoit

They, who were acquainted with him, know his
humour to be fuch, that he would never conllrain
himlelf. DryJtn.

In c.ifcs where it is necclTary to make examples,
it is ihc iu»TO»rol the multiiude to forget the crime,
and to remember the punilhment. Addi/on.

Grxwl fjumour only teaches charms to laiV,
Still makes new canquells, and maintains the paft

fcft.

4. Prefent difpofition.

It is the cflrfe of kings to be attended
By flavcs, that take their humours tor a warrant
To break into ihc blood-houfe of life. Shalejfcaye.

Another thought her nobler humour \ei, tairfax,

'1 heir humours arc not to be won.
But when they arc impos'd uprn. Hudibras,

Tempt nut his heavy hand;
But one fubmifflve word which you let fall.
Will make him in good humour with us all. Dr\dcn,

5. Grotefijue imagery; jocularity; merri-
lueut.

1 convcrfat'on /« »m»i it more than wit, ejfinefs
mor than knowlcige. 'Temple.

6 G , 5, Tendency

HUN

6. Tendency to difeafe ; morbid difpofitlon.

He denied hirofclf noihing thjl he had »«<>'"<»
IP tu or drink, which gave him a body lull ol
4,«w«, and made his fit» of the gout frequent and

violent. ^., ^'"f.''

The child had a hmsur which wai aired by

the waters of Glaftonbury. FuUmg.

7. Petulance; peevifhnefs.

Is my friend all perfeaion, all virtue and difcre-
tion ? Has he not iumouri to be enduied, as well as
kindnelfet to be enjoyed > *"""*•

8. A trick ; a praftice.

I like not ihe buaiotir of lying : he hath \Tronged
me in fome i«mi,«ri; 1 (houtJ have borne the hu-
mourM letter to her. !>bak/f.

«. Caprice; whim; predominant inclination.

In' private, men are more bold in their own

liumaurs ; and in confort, men are more obnoxious

to others humoari ; thercmre it is good to take both.

To Hu'movjr. -v. a. [from the noun.]
1. To gratify ; to footh by comphance.

If 1 had a fuit to mafter Shallow, I wnuM humour
his mens if «« his men, I would curry with mafter
Shalow. Shahff<a,r.

U I were Brutus now, and he were L»'""s,
He (hould not h,mour me. Shakcffeare.

Obedience and fubjeaion were never enjoin

'dby
God to humour the palVions, lufts and vanities of
thofe who are commanded to obey our yiwnwiy

iwijt.

You humour me, when I am fick ;
Why not when I'm fplenelick? ^. . Z^T'

Children are fond of foracthing which ftnkes
their fancy moft, and fuUen and regardlefs of every
thing elfe, if they are not humoureH in that tancy.
■ If ails t Loguk.

%. To fit ; to comply with.

To after age thou ihalt be writ the man.
That with fmooth air could humour belt our tongue.

Vflillon.

•Tis my part to invent, and the muflcians to Ak-
mour that invention. Dryitn's Preface to AlBion.

Founuinbleau is filuated among rocks and woods,
that give a fine variety of favage profpefts: the
king has hummrtd the genius of the place, and only
made ufe of fo much art as is ncccflary to r-^gulj"'

. „ Addifon.

H u M r . ». y; [corrupted perhaps from bump.
See.BuMP.J The protuberance formed

by a crooked back.

Thefe defcfts were mended by matches ; the eyes
were opened in the next generation, and the *««;>
feU. ^'"''■'■•

Hu'mpback. «./. [iuOT/ and ^flfi.] Crook-
ed back ; high (houldec?.

The chief of the family was bom with a bumf,
back and very high nofe, latter.

Humpbacked, adj. Having a crooked

back.
To HUNCH, v. a. \hujch, German.]

1. To ftrike or punch with the fills.

Jack's friends began to bunch and pulh one
another : why don't you go and cut the poor fellow
down > Arhulhnot.

2. [Hockr, a crooked back, German.] To
crook the back. ,. . ,

Thy crooked mind within bunch' daal thy back.
And wander'd in thy limbs. DryJen.

Hunchba'cket). adj. [hunch sa^ back.]
Having a crooked back.

His perfon deformed to the higheft degree, flat-
nofed, and hunchbacked. L'EJlrange.

But I more fear Creon !
To take that hunchback' d monfter in my arms,
Th' excrefcence of a man. Drydta't Oedipus.

The fecond daughter was jpecvilh,' haggard, pale,
with fauccr-eyes, a (harp nofe, and hunchbacked.

jirbuibnot's Uifiory of John Bull.

Hu'ndhed. adj. Jjuiib, and Jjunfep^^.
Saxon ; hovderd. Dutch.] The number
confining of ten multiplied by ten.

HUN

A bunirti allavs in her temple fmolt*.
A thoufand bleeding hearu her pow'r invoke.

Dryd. X-n.

Many thoufands had feen the tranfaaions of our
Saviour, and tmay bundled thoufands received an
occount of them from the moulhi of thofe w^o w*"^
eye-witneffes. Addifon.

Hu'ndrhd. n. /.

1. A company, body, or colleftion con-
fifting of an hundred.

Very 'few will take this propofition, that Cod
is pleafeJ with the doing of what he himfelf com-
mands, for an innate moral principle : whofoever
does fo, will have reafon to think hundreds of pro-
pofiiions innate. Locke.

Lands, taken from the enemy, were divided
into centuries or hundreds, and dirtributed amongft
the foldiers. Arbulhnot.

2. A canton or divifion of a county, per-
haps once containing an hundred manors.
[Hundredum, low Latin; hurtdrede, old
French.]

1 mpofts upon merchants do fcldom good to the
king's revenue ; for that that he wins in the hundred,
he lofeth in the Ihire. Bacon.

For juftice they had a bench under a tree, where
Kct fat, and with him two of every Aiwfi^'-fi whence
their companies had been raifed : here complaints
were exhibiied. Hay-ward.

Hundredth, ailj. [jjtinbneonteosopa,
Saxon.] The ordinal of an hundred; the
tenth ten times told.

We (hall not need to ufe the hundredth part of
th.u time, which themfelves bellow in making in-
vcdives. Hooker.

If this medium is rarer within the fun's body
than at its furface, and rarer there than at the
hundredth part of an inch from its body, and rarer
there than at the orb of Saturn, I fee no reafon why
the increafe of denfity (hould ifop. Newton.

Hung. [The freterite and part. pajf. oi

hang.]

A wife fo hung with virtues, fuch a freight.
What mortal Ihoulders can fupport?£>r>J'M'j7«^'"'«/-

A room that is richly adorned, and hung round
with a great variety of pidures, llrikes the eye at
once. ''''""•

HU'NGER. «. /. [Jjunjen. Saxon ; hanger,
Dutch.]

HUN

Thou fe»k'ft the greatnefs that will ovf rwhelia thee t
Stay but a little. Shakeffeari'i Henry IV. f, ii.

^ I content me.
And from the lUng of famine feu no kann.
Not mind it, fi:d with better thoughts that feed
Me biuig'ring more to do my Father's will. Miliatt.

Hu'ngerbit. X"'!]' [hunger ini hit.]

Hu'ncerbitten. / rained or weakened

^c^xviii. 12.

1 . Defire of food ; the pain felt from fading.

An uneafy fcnfaiion at the ftomach for food. When
the ftoinach is empty, and the iibres in their natural
tenfion, they dr.iw up fo clofe as to rub againft each
Other, fo as to make tliat fenfation : but when they
are diftended with food, it is again removed; unlefs
when a perfon fafteth fo long as for want of fpirits,
or nervous fluid, to have thofe fibres grow too flaccid
to corrugate, and Uien we fay a perfoij has fafted
away his ftomach. Sluincy.

Thou (halt fcrve thine enemies in hunger and in
thirfV. Drui. xxvii. 48.

The fub acid part of the animal fpirits, being caft
ofTby the lower nerves upon the coats ot the ftomach,
vellicates the fibres, and thereby produces the fenl'e
we call hunger, • Grevi.

Something vlfcous, fat and oily, remaining in the
ftomach, dellroys the fenfation of hunger.

Arbutbitot on Alimeiils.

2. Any violent defire.

The immaterial felicities we expea, do naturally
fuggcft the ncccliity of preparing our appetites and
hungers for them, without which heaven can be no
heaven to us. Decay ofPieiy.

For hunger of my gold I dye. Drydcn.

To Hu'noer. t,'. ». [from the nonn.]

1 . To feel the pain of hunger.

My more having, would be as a fauce
To make me hunger more. Shakcffeate't Macielb.

Widely they gape, and to the eye they roar.
As if they hungtr'd for the food they bore. Cowley.

2. To defire with great eagernefs ; to long.

Port thou fo hunger for my empty chair,
That thou wilt needs inveft thee with my lionoun.
Before tl>j hour be rije .' O, loolilb youUi,

with hunger.
His ftrength (hall be buttgei bitten.
Thyfelf

Bred up in poverty and ftraits at home j
Loll in a defert here, and bungerbit. Milton.

Hu'ngerly. ai//. \itoici hunger.] Hungry;
in want of nourimment.

His beard
Grew thin and bungerly, and feem'd to a(k
His fops as he was drinking. Hhakefpeare.

Hu'noerlv. adv. With keen appetite.

You have fav'd my longing, and I feed
Molt bunger/y on your fight. Sbakrfpean,

They are all but ftomachs, and we all but food ;
They eat us i6»»gfr/y, and, when they're full.
They belch us. Shakefpeare.

Hu'noerstarved. adj. [hunger an&Jlarv-
ed.] Starved with hunger; pinched by
want of food.

AH my followers to th' eager foe
Turn back, and fly like (hips before the wind,
Or lambs purfu'd by hungerjiarved wolves. Sbakrfp*
Go, go, chear up thy bungcrjlarved men. Sbakeff^
As to fome holy houfe th' atiliaed came,
Th' hungerjiarv'd, the naked, and the lame.
Want and difeafes, fled before her name. Dryjen,
Hu'ngreu. adj. [iiom hunger.] Pinchedi
by want of food.

Odours do in a fmall degree nourilh, and we fee
men an i6«ffgrr<^ love to fmell hot bread. Bacon.

Hu'ngrilt. ad-v. [from htoigty.] With-

keen appetita.
Thus much to the kind rural gods we owe,^

Who pity'd fuflFcring mortals long ago ;

When on harih acorns hungrily they fed.

And gave 'em nicer palates, better bread. Drydenv
Hu'ngry. adj. [fiom hunger.]

1. Feeling pain from want of food.

That face of his the hungry cannibals

Would not have touch'd, would not have ftainM

with blood. Shakeffeare,

By eating before he was hungry, and drinking

before he was dry, he was fure never to cat or drink

much at a time. Ttmfle.

They that talk thus may fay that a man is always

hungry, but that he does not always feel it ; whereas

hunger confifts in that very fenfation. Locket

2. Not fat; not fruitful; not prolifick ;
more difpofed to draw from other fub-
ftances than to impart to them.

Caflius has a lean and hungry look. Shakrffeare.-

The more fat water will bear fop belt; (or the

hungry water doth kill its unauous nature. Bacon.

In rulhy grounds fprings are found at the firft and

fecond fpit, and fometimes lower in a ij(«gry gravel.

Mortimer.
To the great day of retribution our Saviour teleri
us, for reaping the fruits that we here fow in the
moll hungry and baiTca foil. S ma/ridge's Sermons.
Hunks. «. /. [hunjher, fordid, Iflandick.j ,
A covetous fordid wretch; a mifer; a^
curmudgeon.

The old hunks was well fervcd, to be tricked ovt
of a whole hog for the fecuring ol his puddings.

L'F.Jirangc,
She has a hulhanJ, ajealous, covetous, old hunks.

Dryderit -
Irus has given all the intimations of being a clofe
bunki, worth money. Addifon^

To HUNT. 1'. a. [)3untian, Saxon, from

Jjunb, a dog.
I. To chafe wild animals.

The man that once did fell the lion's (kin.
While ihc beaftliv'J, was kill'd in hunting him.

S/jukeffeare.
Wilt

HtSH

wit tliMi iimt the prey for tht lion, or fill the
'•ppetitc of the young lions ? jfct. xxiviii. 39,

We ihould fingle every criminal out of the herd,
and J^urtt him down, however formidable and over-
grown ; and, on the contrary, Ihelter and defend
viitue. Addifm.

2, To purfue ; to follow clofe.

■Evil (hall bunt the violent man to overthrow him.

Pf. cxl.
The heart ftrikes five hundred forts of pulfes in
an hour, and is bunttd unlo fuch continual palpita-
tions, through anxiety, that fain vould it break.

Harvey vn CmfumptioHi,

3. To fearch for.

Not certaVnly affirming any thing, but by con-
ferring of times and monuments, 1 do bunt out a
probability. Spenfcr.

All that is found in books is not rightly deduced
from principles : fuch an cxamcn cv«ry reader's mind
is not forward to make, efpecially in thofewho have
given themfelvcs up to a party, and only bunt for what
may favour and fupport the tenets of it. Locke,

4« To direft or manage hounds in the chace.

He hunti a pack of dogs better than any, and is
famous for finding hares. ' Addijon.

I'o Hunt. v. n.

1 . To follow the thafe.

When he returns from hunting
I will not fpeak with him. Shakrffrare't King Liar,
Efau weat to the field to bunt tor venifon.

Gen. xxvii. 5.

One followed ftudy and knowledge, and another

hawking and bunting. Locke.

On the old pagan tombs, malks, hunting matches,

a.id Bacchanals are very comaion. Addijon m Italy.

2. To pnrfne or fearch.

Very much of kin to this is the bunting after
arguments to make good one fide of a queftion^ and
wholly to neglect and refufe thofe which favour the
other fide. Lecit.

Hunt. «./. [from the verb.]

I. A pack of hounds.

Thecommon iaK/,though from their ragereftrain'd
By fov'reign power, her company difdam'd
Crinn'das thcypafs'd. Dryden' t Hind and Panlber.

i. A chace.

The bunt is up, the mom is bright and gray ;
The fields arc fragtaut, and the woods are grL-en.

abakej'peayf.

3. Parfuit.

I've heard myfelf proclaim'd j
And by the happy hollow of a free,
Etcap'd the bunt. Shakrff rarest f^'tg Liar.

Hu'nte*.*./. [from ^«w/.]
I. One who chafes animals for paftime or
food.

If thofe Englilh lords had been good burners, and
reduced the mountains, boggr, and woods within ilic
limits of forefts, chaces, and parks, the forell law
would have driven them into the plains,

Dwuiet on Ireland.

Down from a hill the bcait that reigns in woods,
FifA hunter then, purfu'd a gentle brace,
Coodliell of all the forcil, hart and hind. Milton.

Another's crimen th' unhappy hunter bore,
Glutting his f^her's eyes with guiltlcfs gore.

Dryden*! Ain,

This wu the arms or device of our old Roman
hunttrt \ a pallagc af Manilius let us know the pagan
hunters had Meleager lor their patron. Addijon.

Bold Nimrod hrii the lavage chace began,
A mighty Awfl^ff-, and his game was man. Tope.

z. A dog that fcents game or beads of prey.

Of dogs, the valu'd file
Diflinguilhes the fwift, the llow, the fublle.
The houlekeeper, the hunter, Hballrff. Macbeth.

H u ' .V T I N c H o R .N , V. f. [hunting and horn ]
A bugle ; a horn ufed to cheer the hounds.

Whilft a boy. Jack ran from fchool,
Fond of his huntinghorn and pole. Prior,

Hu'ntress. ft./, [from ittnter.^ A wo-
man that follows the chace.

At»l thou thrice crowned queen ofniglif, furvey
With thy cbaAe eye, froia thy pale fpbctc above,

H U R

Thy huntrtfs' name, that my full life doth fway.

Sbalie/peare,
Shall I call
Antiquity from the old fchools of Greece,
To teftify the arms of chaftity ?
Hence had the buntrefs Dian her dread bow,
Fair filver-lhafted queen, for ever challe. Milton.

Let old Arcadia boaft her ample plain,
Th' immortal hunlrej;, and her virgin train;
Nor envy Windfor, Pope.

Homer rcprefents Diana with her quiver at her
fhoulder; but at the fame time he defcribes her as
an buntrrfs. Broome.

Hu'xTSMAN. »./. \ht4nt and man.~\
I. One who delights in the chace.

Like as a huntfrnany after weary chace,
Seeing the game efcape from him away.
Sits down to reft him. Spenjer's Sonnets,

Such game, whilft yet the world was new,
The mighty Nimrod did purfue :
What huntfman of our feeble race.
Or dogs, dare fuch a monfter chace ? Waller,

z. The fenant whofe office it is to manage
the chace.

Apply this moral rather to the bunt/man, that
managed the chace, flian to the maimer. L'Ejlrangr:
Hu'ntsmanship. «. /. [from hitntj'maii.'\
The qualifications of a hunter.

At court your fellows every day
<!ive the art of rhiining, bunifmanjhif, or play.

Donne.

Hu'rdle. ». /. [l))ribel, Saxon ]

1. A texture of fticks woven together; a
crate.

The fled, the tumbril, hurdles and the flail,
Thcfe all muft be prepar'd. Dryden't Georg.

2. Grate on which criminals were dragged
to execution.

Settle your fine joints 'gainft Thurfdaynext,
Or I will drag thee on a hurdle thither. Shakefpeare,

The blackfmith was hanged, drawn, and quartered
at Tyburn ; taking pleafure upon the hurdle, to
think that he (hould be famous in after-times. Uactn,

HuRDS. n, /. The refufe of hemp or flax.

Ain/ivorth,

To HURL. 1: a. [from huorii, to throw

down , Iflandick ; or, according to SUn-

tier, from ivhirl.

J. To throw with riolence ; to drive im-

petnoufly.

If heav'ns have any grievous plagues in (lore,
O, let them keep it 'till thy fins be ripe,
.^nd then hurl down their indignation
On thee ! Shakefpeare' s Richard l\\.

He holds vengeance in his hand.
To fc»r/upon their headsthal break liis law. Shake/ .

I with my nails digg'd ftones out of the ground.
To hurln the beholders of my lh.ime. Sbakrfpf,tre.
If hethruft him ofhitred, ori;^»/at him iiy lay-
ing of wait. Numh. xxxv. 10.
They ufe both the right haiid and the left in
burling <iona. Chron, tii. 2.

Hurl ink and wit.
As madmen rtoncs. Ben, Jon/on,

His darling Ions,
Ilurtd keadking to partake with us, (liall cutfc
Their frail original atul faded blifs. Milton.

She iVikes the lute ; but if it found.
Threatens to hurl it on the ground. Waller,

Corrupted light of knowledge buri'd
Sin, death, and ignorance, o'er all the world.

Denhasn,
Young Phaeton,
From Eaft to North irregularly hurl'd,
Firll fet himfelf on fire, and ihen the world. Dry Jen,

Conjure him far to drive the Grecian train.
And hurl'd them headlong to (heir fleet and main.

Pope,

2. To Utter with vehemence. [Hurler,
French, to make an howling or hideous
noife.] This fenfe is not in uie>

The glad merchant that docs view
His (hip far come from vrat'r; wtldeinefs,
. He burls out vowi. Sprt/ir,

H U R

Highly they rag'd againft the Highel^,
Hurting defiance towards the vaults of heav'n.

Milton,

3. To play at a kind of game.

Hurling taketh its denomination from throwing
of the ball, and is of two forts ; to goats, and to
the country : for burling to goals there arc fifteen
or thirty players, more or lefs, chofen out on each
fide, wiio rtrip themfelvcs, and then join hands its
ranks, one againft another: out of thefc ranks they
match thcmliilves by pairs, one embracing another,
and fo pafs away ; every of which couple arc to
watch one another during this play. Carev:,

Hurl. «. /. [from the verb.] Tumult;
riot ; commotion.

He in the fame hurl murdering fuch as he thought
would withftaod his defire, was chofen king.

Knolles*

Hu'rlb.\t. w./ \hurlwAhat.'\ Whirlbat.

Aiiifiuorthm
Hu'rler. 11. f. [fromW/.] One that plays
at hurling.

The hurleys mult hurl man to man, and not two fet
upononc man at once. Careuu'sSurvey of Cornxuall.

Hu'rlwind. n. f. \hurl and au/W.] A
whirlwind ; a violent guft. A word not
in ufe.

Like fcatter'd down by howling Eurus blown.
By rapid burl-winds from his manfion thrown.Siim/yr.

Hu'rly. 7 »./. [from the French;

Hu'rly BURLY. J ]6«r/«irc/«, inconfider-

ately.] Tumult ; commotion ; buttle.

Winds take thy ruffian billows by the top.
That with the burly death itfelf awakes. Sbakeff.

Poor dilcontents.
Which gape and rub the elbow at the news
Oi hurlyburly innovation. Shakefpeare,

Methinks, 1 fee this h'urly all on foot. Sbakifp.
All places were filled with tumult and buriy-
iurly, every man mealurcd the danger by his own
fear; and fuch a pitiful cry was in every place,
and in cities prefently to be bcficged, Knolles,

Hu'rricane. 7 ». /. [hitracmt, Spanifti ;
Hu'rricano. J ouragan,Yr.'\ Aviolcnt
ftorm, fuch as is often experienced in the
weftern hemifphere.

Blow winds, and crack your cheeks ;
Your catarafts and hurricanoes fpoiit ! Shakefpeare,

A (lorm or hurricano, though but the force of air,
makes a ftrange havock where it comes. Burnett

A poet who had a great genius for tragedy, made
every man and woman too in his plays ftark raging
mad : all was tempelluous and bluftecing ; heaven
and earth were coming together at every word ; a
mere hurricaneitam the beginning to the end. Dtyi.

Tlie miniftcrs of ftatc, who gave us law.
In corners with fclcfted friends withdraw;
There, in deaf murmurs, folemnly arc wife,
Whifp'ring like winds, ere hurricanes arife. Dryde»,

So, where our wide Numidian waftes extend,
Sudden th' impetuous hurrifanes itkirA,
Wheel through the air, in circling eddies play.
Tear up the fands, and fwecp whole plains away.

\.. Add if on.

Hu'rrier. «. /. rfrom iartj.J One that
hurries ; a difturber. .
Mars, that horrid hmricr of m*". Chapman,

To Hu'rry. -v. n. [Jjens'a". 'o ptunJer,
Saxon: hurs was Iikewifi; a word ofed
by the old Germans in urging their horfei
to fpeed ; but feems the imperative of
the verb.] To haften ; to put into pre-
cipitation or confufion ; to dtivc con-
fufedly.

Your noblei will not hear ytm ; but are gone
To olTer fcrvicc to your enemy ;
And wild amazement hurries up and do%vn
The little number of your doubtful friends. Shak.

For whom all this haltc
Of midnight march, and hurrfj meetmg here »

Milton.
Impetuous lufl hurritt him on to fatilfy it. South.

H U R

Thtthurry'do'er \

Such fwarmi ot togUfh to the neighV'rlng fliorc.

DiyJex.

A man has not time to fubdue his palbons,

cf^ablilh his foul in virtiM> and come up to the

perfe£%ian of his nature, before he is iurrUtl oR the

Aage. Addijon.

Stay thofe fudden gults of paflion,
That hurry you away, Roiue's Royal Convert.

If a council be called, or a batile fought, you are
not coldly informed, the reader is hurried out ot
himfclf by the poet's imagination.

Ptfe't Preface to the Iliad.

9"<» Hurry, nj. n. i'o move on with
precipitation.

Did you but know what joys your way attend.
You would not hurry to your journey's end. Dryd.
Htj'R.RY. «./. [from the verb.] Tumult;
precipitation ; commotion.

Among all the horrible hurries in England, Ireland
was thisn almoft quiet. Hayviard.

It might have pleafed him in the prefent heat and
hurry of his rage ; but muft have difpleafed him in-
finitely in the fedate retleftion. South.

After the violence of the hurry and commotion
was over, the water came to a ftaie fomewhat more
calm. H^oodiLiard.

Ambition raifes a tumult in the foul, it inflames
the mind, and puts it into a violent i*rrji of thought.

AJdifin.

A long train of coaches and fit ran through the
heart, cnc after another, in a very great hurry.

AddifuK.

1 do not include the life of thofe who are in a
perpetual hurry of affairs, but of thofe who arc not
always engaged. Addifon.

The pavement founds with trampling feet.
And the inixt hurry barricades the llreet.

Gay*s Trivia.

Hurst. ». /. [)3yr'r^> Saxon.] A grove

or thicket of trees. Ainf'worth.

To Hurt. t. a. preter. I hurt; part. pafl".

I have hurt. [))yn'c, wounded, Saxon ;

heurter, to (trike, French.]

r. To mifchief ; to harm.

He that overcometh (hall not be hurl of the fecond

. death. Re^iclaliom.

Virtue may be afTail'd, but never burl ;

Surpriz'd by unjuft force, but not enthrall'd. Milton.

'f he Adonis of the fea is fo called, becaufe it is a

loving and innocent 6fl), that hurls nothing that

has life. tt'alion.

2, To wound ; to pain by fome bodily
harm.

My heart is turn'd to ftone : 1 ftrike it, and it
<J*rrr my hand. Shtiie/feare's Othel/o.

It breeds contempt
7or herds to liltcn, or prefuroe to pry.
When the hurt lion groans wiihin his den. Drydtn.

3. To damage; to impair.

■ See thou hurt not tbe oil and wine. Revelations.

Hurt. «./. [from jhe verb.]
i. Harm; mifchief.'

The burl thereby is greater than tbe good.

Spenfer.

I have flain a man to my hurt, Getiejis.

1 found it Hand there uocorrccied, as if there had

been no >*;fr/ done. Baker on Lea'tiKg.

2. Wound or bruife.

Where is the wounded ?
.—There will be large cicatrices to (hew the people •
he received feven hurls i' th' body.

Shakeffeare' s Coriolanus.

Carter adventured bravely, and received two great
hurts in his body. Hayuard.

The pains of ficknefs and hurls, hunger, tbiift
and cold» all men feel. Lode.

In arms and fcieoce 'tis the fame,
Our rival's hurts create our fame. Pritr.

3. Injury ; wreng,

Whyihould damage grow to thei«r;of the King >

£a;rrf.

Hu'rter. n. /, [from burtJ] One that
docs harott

H U S

Hu'RTrui, adj. ^hurt zni fill."] Mif-
chievous ; pernicious.

Secret negled) of our duty U but only our own
hurt : one man's contempt of the common prayer
of the church of Cod may be mofl hurt/u/ ualo many.

hooker.
The burtfulhiih in the vineyard (hun.
Nor plant it to receive the fetting fun.

Dry den's Georgirs,

Hu'rtfully. aJv. [from hurt/u/.] Mif-

chievoufly ; pemicioufly.
Hu'rtfulness. ». /. [from hurtful.']

Mifchievoufnefs ; pernicioufnefs.
Te Hu'rtle. i). n. [heurleur, French;
uriare, Italian.] To chfli ; to fkirmifh ;
to run againft any thing ; to joftle ; to
meet in (hock and encounter. Hanmer.
The noife of battle hurtled in the air. Shakeff.
Kindnefs
Made him give battle to the lionefs,
Who quickly fell before him ; in which huriling.
From miferable dumber I awak'd.

Sbakefp. As you like it.

Tt Hu'rtle. v. a. To move with vio-
lence or impetuofity. This is probably
the original of hurl. Obfolete.

His harmful club he 'gan to hurtle high.
And threaten battle to th« fairy knight. Fairy Slum.

Hu'rtleberry. »./. \hiort bar, Danilh.]
Bilberry ; iaeca "vitis idiea.

Hu'rtless. aiij. [from hurt.]

1. Innocent ; harmlefs ; innoxious; doing
no harm.

Unto her home he oft would go.
Where bold and hurtle/s many a play he tries.

Her parents liking well it Ihould be fo ;,
For fimple goodnefs (hined in his eyes. Sidney .

She joy'd to make proof of her cruelty
On gentle dame, fo hurllefs and fo true.

Fairy ^een.
Shorter ev'ry gafp he takes.
And vain efiartsand hurllefs blows he makes.

Dry den's ^n.

2. Receiving no hurt.
Hu'rtlessly. ad'v. \{iQm hurllefs.] With-
out harm.

Your neighbours have found you fo hurtUfsly
ftrong, that they rhougUt it better to reft in your
friendlhip than make new trial of your enmity.

Sidney.

Hu'rtlessness. ». /. [from hurtUfs.]
Freedom from any pernicious quality.

HU'.SBAND. n.f {husband, mafter, Danilh,
from houfe and bonda, Runick, a mafter.]

1. The correlative to wife ; a man married
to a woman.

Thy bujiand is thy lord, thy life, thy keeper.
Thy head, thyfovereign. Shak.TumingcftbeShrev).

Why, woman, your bu/band is in his old lunes
again : he fo takes on yonder with my bujltand, and
fo rails againft all married mankind. Shakeffeare.

This careful bujhand had been long away.
Whom his chafte wife and little children mourn.

Dryden.

The contraft and ceremony of marriage is the
occaGon of the denomination of relation of bi(/hand.

Locke,

2. The male of animals.

Ev'n though a fnowy ram thou (halt behold,
I'refer him not in halie, for bujiand to thy fold.

Dryden.

3. An oeconomift ; a man that knows and
praftifes the methods of frugality and
profit. Its fignification is always modified
by fome epithet implying bad or good.

Edward I. fliewed himfelt 3 r\ihl goad hujband ;
ownerof alordfhipill hulbanded. Davieson Ireland.

I was coniidering the Ihortncfs of life, and what
ill bujbands we are of fo tender a fortune. Collier.

4.. A tiller of tbe ground ; a farmer.

H US

tJu/lani'i work ii taborioui and hiri.

HkiherJ'i Tafrr,
I heard t great bujiand fay^ that it was a commo»
trror to think that chalk heipech arable grounds.

Baetiit.
In thofe fields
The painful bujband plowing up his ground.
Shall find all fret with ruft, both pikes and (hieldi.

Hakrwillt
If continu'd rain
The lab'riog bujhand in his houfc ivdrain.
Let him forecatt his work. Dryden' s Georgics^

To Hu'sBANO. T. a. [from the noun.]

1. To fupply with an hulband.

Think you I am no Itronger than my Tex,
Being fo father'd and fo bujbandei T Shaktffeartm-

If you (hall prove
This ring was everher's, you Ihall aseafy
Prove that I hujbanded her bed in Florence,
Where yet (he never was. Sbaktffttrer.

Jn my right.
By me inverted, he compeers the be(>.
— That were the moft, if he Ihould bujhand yoo.

Shakeffeare,

2. To manage with frugality.

It will be paftime pafTing excellent^-
If it be bujhanded with modefty. Shakeffeare..

The French, wifely bujbandin^ the podedion of a
viiSory, kept themfelves within their trenches.

Bacon's Henry VII,

If thou be mafter-gunner, fpend not all
That thou canlt fpeak at once ; but bujiand it.
And give men turns of fpeech. Heriertt

3. To till ; to cultivate the ground with,
proper management.

.\ farmer cannot bujiand his ground, if he (its it
a great rent. Bacon.

Hu'sbandless. adj. [from hujband.\
Without an hufband.

A widow, hujhandtefs, fubjeft to tears ;
A woman, naturally born to fears. Shakefp.

Husbandly. c(^'. \iioTi\hufband.] Frugal j.
thrifty.

Bare plots full of galls, if ye plow overthwart ;
And compafs it then, is a bujbandly part. tujftr,

H u 's B A N D M A N. ». /. \hujhand and man.]
One who wgrks in tillage.

This Davy ferves you for good ufes ; he is your
fervingman, and your bujhandman. Shakeffeare^

The mule beir^ more fwifi in his labour than
the ox, more ground was allowed to the mule bjr
the bujhandman. Broome.

Hu'sBANDRY. adj. [from hufband.]
\. Tillage; manner of cultivating land.

He began with a wild method to run over all the
art of hujbandry, efpecially employing his tongue
about well dunging of a field. Sidney.

Alk'd if in bujiandty he ought did know.
To plough, to plant, to reap, or fow. Huiherd's Tale.
Hujbandry fupplieth all things neceiTary for food.

Sfenferm.
Peace hath from France too long been chas'd ;
And all her hujbandry doth lie on heaps.
Corrupting in its own fertility. Shakeff, Henry V,

Her plenteous womb
Expreffeth its full tilth and hujiandry. Shakeff.
The feeds of virtue may, by the hu/handry of
Chriftian- counfel, produce better fruit than the
ftrength of felf-nature. ' Raleigh.

Hujban.dry the Spaniards wanting in the valleys of
Mexico, could not make our wheat bear feed.

Raleigh.

A family governed with order will fall naturally

to the fevcral trades of hujbandry, tillage, and

• pafturage. 'Temple.

Let any one confider the difference between an

acre of laud fown with wheat, and an acre of the

fame land lying without any hujiandry upon it,

and he will lind that the improvement of labour

makes the value. Locke.

2. Thrift; frugality; parfimony,

'"rhcre's hujbandry in heaven ;

The candles are all out. Shakeffeare's Machetb,

You have already faved feveral millions to the

j fublicki and that wbat wc alk it too intoolideuble

H t; s

(s Arctic Into any lules of the ftrickeft g«od
hujkaniry. _ Svift.

J. Care of domeftick affairs.

Lorenio, I commit into your hands

The bujhandry and manage of my houfe. Sbaktff.
hUbH. interj. [Without etymology.]

Silence! beftill! no noife !

The king hath done you wrong ; but tajh ! 'tis fo

Sbak^peaTf.

There's fomething elfe to do; iujb and be mute,

Or elfe our fpell is marr'd. Sbaki/ftaii'i ttmffjt.

Hush. adj. [from the interjection.] Still;
filent; quiet.

As we alien fee, againft fome ftormi
A &Icnce in the heav'ns, the rack ftand ftitl.
The bold winds fpeechkls, and the orb below
As hujb as death. Sbakijfeatt' i UamUi.

7o Hush. -v. n. [from the intefjeftion.]
To be ftill ; to be filent.

This frown'd, that fawo'd, the third for fliame
did bliifh :

Another feemcd envioui or coy ;
Another in her teeth did gnaw a nilh ;
But at thefe ftrangera prefence e»ery one did biijh.

Sftnfer.

ToWviH. -J. a. To ftill; to filence ; to
quiet ; to appeafe.

Yet can I not ot fuch tame patience boalV,
As to be hufht, and nought at all to fay. Sbtkrff.

It ivas my breath that blew this tempeft up«
Upon your llubbo^o ufage el the pope ;
But lince you are a fntle eonveri ice.
My tongue fliall hujh again this ftorm oTwar,
And make bit weather in your bUift'ring land.

Sbakt/ftare.
Speak Ibftly ;
All's bttfit as midnight yet Shakrfftare't TtmprJI
My love would fpeak; my duty ^«)ftfi me. Sbak.
When in a bed of Itraw we Ihrmk together.
And the bleak winds Oiall whiftlc round our heads.
Will thou then talk thui to me > Wilt thou then
Hxjb my cares thus, and (heller me with love ?

Ofway,
Hujh'i at midnight filence go ;
He will not have your acclamations now. Drydin.

Her fire at lengih is kind.
Calms ev'ry itorm, and bujhet cv'ry wind ;
Prepares his empire tor his daughter's eafe.
And for his batching nephews Iraooths the kit.

Dryden,
The court was bujhed^ and a whifper ran . Addijan.
To H u»H «/. -v. a. To fupprefs in filence ;
to forbid to be mentioned.

This matter is b:ijhid uf, and the fcrvants are forbid

to talk ol it. Piff.

Hu'srfMONFY. »./. [huJb znd mcgfy.^ A

bribe to hinder information ; pay to

fccure filence.

A dcit'rousftcward,when his tricks are found,
HuJbm'iJtty fends 10 all the neighbours round ;
His matter, unfufpicious of his pranks,
Pays all the coft, and gives thc«illain thanks. Sviifi.
HU.^K. «. /. [huUjch. Dutch, Of huy/cktu,
from hyy:.^ 1 he outmoll integument of
fruits.

Do but behold yon poor and ftarved band.
And your fair (hew (hall fuck away their fouls,
loving them but (he (bales and bufit ot men.

Sbakefprare,

Moft feeds, in their growing, leave their bujk or

viod about the root. Bacon^s Natural Hijlory,

Thy food (hal! be
The fre(b brook mudds, withered roots, and bu^t
Wherein the acorn cradled. Sbaktffiare't Ttmf-fl.

Piuiu ol all kinds, in coat
Kough, or imooih rind, or bearded bujki, orlhelt
She gathers; tribute brge! and on the board
Heaps with unfpanng hdiid, Milton.

Some Iteep their feeds, and fome in cauldrons boil
O'er gentle nies; the ciuberani juice to drain,
And Ir dl the Batt'ring buftt with truittui grain.

Drydtn.
Some when the prcfs
Haadrain'dihe pulpous mafs, regale their fwine
W>(& (he dry reiujic j tboU| oiore wiic, fbaltllcep

H u z

The i(i^i!n water, and again emptoy

The pond'rous engine. rlilfipt.

Barley for ptifan was firft fteeped in water till it
fwelled i afterwards dried in the fun, then beat till
the bujk was taken off, and ground.

Arbutbrtot on Coins,

Do not content yourfelves with mere words, left
you feed upon bujk! mftead of kernels. kyails.

To Husk. v. a. [from the noun.] To drip

off the outward integument.
Hu'sKED. adj [from hufi '\ Bearing an

huflc; covered with a hulk.
Hu'sitv. adj. [from/t-/J.] Abounding in
huOcs ; confiding of hulks.

Mull have found
A biijky barveli froi» the grudging ground.

Dryden' t yirgil.
With timely care
Shave the goat's (haggy beard, left thou too late
In vain (hould'ft feck a ftrainer, to difpart
The hujky terrene dregs from purer muft. PbtWps,
Hu'ssY. n. f. [corrupted from houfrwij'e :
taken in an ill fenfe. A forry or bad
woman ; a worthlefs wench. It is often
ufed ludicroufly in flight difapproba'ion.
Get you in, bujfy^ go : now will I pcrfonale this
hopeful young jade. Soutbern's Innocent Adultery.

Hu'sTiNGs. ». /. [jjuj-Tinj, Saxon.] A

council ; a court held.
fo Hu'sTLE. 11. (7. [perhaps corrupted from

hurtle,} To (hake together in confnfion.
H o's w I F E . »./. [corrupted from houfe'wifeS\
.. A bad manager; a forry woman. It is

common to ufc hou/muife in a good, and

hufivifr or huj/y in a bad fenfe.

Biduca,
A bufivife, that, by felling herdefires.
Buys herfelt bread and cloth. Sbakefftare' s Othello,
2. An OEConomift ; a thrifty woman.
Why Ihould you want ?
The bounteous hufv^ife^ Nature, on each bufb
Lays her fulnefs bclore you, Sbakefpeare.

To Hu'swiFE "u. a. [from the noun.]
To manage with oeconomy and frugality..

But hufzL-ifngxht little Heav'n had lent,.
She duly paid a groat for qjarter's-rcnt i
And pinch'd her belly, with her daughters two^
To bring the year about with much ado. Dryden.

Hu'swiFERV. » /. ]Jtom hiifri.ife,\

1. Management good or bad.

(iood bupwifery trieth.
To rife with the cock \
HI bufv>iftry lyeth
Till "line ol the clock. VuJ/er.

2. Management of rural bufinefs committed
to women.

If cheefei in dairie have Argus his eyes,
Tell Cidey the fault in her huf-wifeiy lies . 7ufftr.

Hut. »./. [Jjurre, iiaxon ; ita.?, French.]
A poor cottage.

Our wand'ring faint), in woful (late.
To a fmall cottage came at laft.
Where dwelt a good u'.d honeft yeonun,
Who kindly did thefe fainu invite
In his poor hut to pal's the night. Swift.

Sore pierc'd by wintry wind,.
How many Ihrmk into the fordid Itut
Of cheerlefs poverty I Thomfor.

Hutch, n f. [))pacca, Saxon; buchi, Fr.J
A corn chert.

The bert way to keep them, after they are threlhed,
is to dry them well, and keep them in huirbes, or
clofe calks. Mortimer.

To Huzz. -v. n. [from the found.] To
buzz ; to murmur.

Huzza', irtterj. A (bout ; a cry of accla-
mation.

The bux,x.at of the rabble are the fame to a bear

a> they are to a prince. L'kjirange.

You keep a parcel of roaring bulUet about oie

H YD

ivf and night;, iuazas and huntlng-flomi tieftf-
let me cool.. Ariatbnit^.

All fame is foreign, but of true defert ;
Plays round the head, but comes not to the heart:
One felf-approving hour whole years outweighs
Ol ftupid ftarers and of loud bux.xas, Popf».

To Huzza', ij. ». [from the interjeftion.J
To utter acclamation.

A caldron of fat beef, and ftoop of alCf
On the bu^xaing mob Ihall ftill prevail.

King's Cookery,-

To Huzza', v. a. To receive with accla«
mation.
He was huxxaed into the court by feveral thou-
. fands »f weavers and clothiers. Adctifon,

Hv'acinth. «. /. [o«xi>^®-; hyacinthet.

Fr. hyacinthus, Latin.]
I. A flower.

It hath a bulbous root: the leaves are lonpanl
narrow : the ftalk is upright and naked, the flowers
growing on the upper part in a fpike : the flower*
cor.lill each of one leaf, are naked, tub-ilofe, and
cut into fix divilions at the brim, which are re»
flexed : the ovary becomes a roundilh truit with
three angles, which' is divided into three cells,,
which are blled with roundilh feeds. Miller,

The filken fleece, impurpl'd tor the loom,
Rival'd the hyacinth iuvernalbloom. Pope's Odyfffy,
2. The hyacinth is the fame with the tapis
lyncuriiis of the ancients. It is a lefs
ihewy gem than any of the other red
ones. It is feMom fmaller than a feed
of hemp, or larger than a nutmeg. It
is found of various degree i of decpnefs
and paienefs ; but its colour is always a
dea-lilh red, with aconfiderable admixture-
of yellow ; its moft ufual is that mixed-;
red and yellow, which we know by the
name of flame colour Hilton Fojjils,

HvACi'itTHiNE. adj. rtia»t»&i»©- ] Made:

of hyacinths ; refemnling hyacinthsw
Hy'adi;s. )». y. [t^oJi?.] A watery. con-.-
Hx'ad.s. ) ftellation.

Then failors (juarter'd heav'n, .and-founda name
For cv'ry hx'd and ev'ry wand'ring ftar;.
The f\z\iA%,hyads. Dryden' sGeorgicks,.

Hy'ai.ine. adj. \yxMt®- .'\ Glafly ; cry—
llaliine ; made glafs ; fembling glafs..

From heav'n-gate not jar, founded in. view
On the clear hyaline^ the gUlfy lea.. Miliar, .

Hy'bridous. adj. ['J?;'«, hybriJa, Latin ;:
Begotten between, animals of different
fpccies.

Why fuch diflTerent fpecies (hjuldnot only mingle
together, but alfo generate an anim J, and yet that
that hybridoH- produftion (hould not .igain generate,,
is to me a inyltery. Ray^^

Hvda'tides. n. f. [from iXf.] 'Little
tranfparent bladders of water in any pare:
moft common it* dropfical perfons, from,
a diftention or rupture of the ly mphe I ufts.

All the water is contained in little bladders, ad-
hering to the liver and peritoneum, known by the
name of hyita tides, kfi/rman..

Hy'dra. »./. [hydia, Latin.] A monfter
with many heads (lain b/ Hercules :
whence any multiplicity of evils istermed-
a hydrai

New rebellions raife
Their I'ydra heads, and the falfe North difplays
Her broken league to I'lipherfcrpent wings. Milloita

More formidable IjyJra ftands within,
Whofe jaws with iron-tcelh fcverely grin. Drydenm,

Subdue

The bydra of the many-headed hilTing crew. Dryd,

Hy'dragooues. ?/./. \yiu^ and ay« ; hy-

dragogue, Fr.] Such medicines as occafion

the difciiarge of watery humours, which

i»-

H T D

ts fWikfttlv the cafe of the ftroHger ca-
tharticks, becaufe they iliake moft for-
cibly the bowels and their appendages.

Hydrav'i.icai.. 7 <T</r. ffrom fyJrmlick.]
Hvdrau'lick. J Relating to the con-
veyance of water throogh pipes.

Among ihc engines in «hich the »ir is uftful,
pumps may be accounted, and other byJrtiulical
engines. Dirham.

Wc have employed a virtuofo to make an »>-
drauliik engine, in which a chymical liquor, re-
fembling blood, ii driven through elaftick channels.
Arbutiml and Pope.

HYDRAUL'ICKS, «./. [^S-^e, water, and
uvx<&-, a pipe.] The fcience of conveying
water through pipes or conduits.

Hy DROC e'l e. n./. [o<J!»M)(A» ; hydnceU, Fr.]
A watery rupture. ^

Hydroce'phalus. «. /. [W*fandKi<f«W»i.]
A dropfy in the head.
A hyJ-ocrpbalui, or dropfy of the head, is only

. incurable when the ferum is cxtravafated into the
ventricles of the brain. Arbutbnot tti Diet.

Hydro'crather, »./. [ioVf and vf «<f * ;
hd^ngraphe, Fr.j One who draws maps
ot the fea.

It may be draum from the writings of oor hyiro-
graph, n. ^eV''-

HYDRo'cRArHY. ». /. [ui>u( and yj*^";
hydrographie, Fr.] Defcription of the
watery part of the terraqueous globe.

Hy'dromancv. fi. f. ['J^^S and f/^ayriu;
hjJromautU, Fr.] Pre<li<5lion by water.

Divination was invented by the Perfians : there
are four kinds of divination j hydromancy \ pyro-
mancy, aeromancy, and geomancy. jiylif'-

Hy'dromel. ». / [i'sVpand |«.iAi ; hydro-
«<■/, French.] Honey and water.

Hydromel is a drink prepared of honey, being
one of the moft pleafant and univerfal drinks the
northern part of Europe affords, as well at one of
the moll ancient. Mortimer.

In fevers the aliments prefcribed hy Hippocrates
were ptifans and cieam ol barley ; bydrtmel, that is,
honey and water, when there was no tendency to a
delirium. Arbuthnot.

Hydro'meter. »./. [i^pand/Afrpw.] An
inftrumcnt to meafure the extent or pro-
fundity of water. _
Hydro'metry. ». /. [i^^f and ^iTpw.]
The aft of meafuring the extent of water.
Hydro'phobia. 1). /. [i(5poip<>/3i<« ; hydro-
pbebit, Fr ] Dread of water.

Among thofe difmal lymptoms that follow the

bite of a mad dog, the hylrofbobia, or dread ot water

is the moft remarkable. ^ Siuincy.

HydropICAL. / <7;^'. [l^peT«3«; hydro-

Hydropick. $ pique, Fr. from hydrops,

Latin.]

1. Dropfical ; difeafed with extravpfated

water.

Caniharides heat the watery parts of the body ;
as urine, and bydrcfical water. Bacon's Nat. HiJI.

The world's whole Op is funk :
n»e general balm the bydropick earth hath drunk.

Donne.

fIvJropical fwellings, if they be pure, ore pel-
luciJ. fVifeman.

Hydropick wretches by degrees decay.
Growing the more, the more they wafte away ;
Hy iheir o« n ruins thtry augmented lye,
With ihirft and heat amidft a deluge fry. Blackmore.

One fort of remedy he ufes in dropQcs, the water
of the i)i</»-o/>;V*i. jirbutbnot.

2. Refembling dropfy.

Some men's hydiopick infatiablenefs learned to
thirftthc more, by how much more they drank.

King CbarUs.

HTM

Every luft is « kind of hydropick diftemptr, »nd
the more we drink the more we (hall thirft. 'Tilhlfon.

HYDROSTA'TICAL. adj. [i^«f and
5«T<)ui..] Relating to h)tlroftaticks ;
taught by hydroftaticks.

A human body forming in fuch a fluid, will never
be rcconcileable to thia hyJrofljiical law : there will
be always fomething lighter beneath, and fomcthing
heavier above ; becaufe bone, the heavieft in fpecie,
will be ever in the midft. Bentley.

Hydrosta'tically. adv. [from hydro/ia-
ticit!.'] According to hydroftaticks.

The weight of all bodies around the earth is ever
proportional to the quantity of their matter: for in-
ftancc, a pound weight, examined hydrojlaiic^lly,
doth always contain an e^ual quantity of lolid mafs.

Bentley.

HydrOSTa'tICKS. «./. viv^ vafi j«ti»u;
hydroftatique, Fr.] The fcience of weigh-
ing fluids ; weighing bodies in fluids.

Hydro'tick. v.f. \jj^«i\ hydrotique, Fr.]
Purger of water or phlegm.

He feems to have been the firft who divided

purges into *;'(/ro//V*i and pufgersof bile. Arbutbnot.

Hy'en. 1 »■ /• hyeiie, Fr. hyce?ia, Lat.]

Hye'na. J An animal like a wolf, faid

fabnioufly to imitate human voices.

I will weep when you are difpofed to be merry ; 1
will laugh like a hyin, when you are inclined to
fleep. Sbakrfpearc.

A wonder more amazing would we find ;
Th' hyena (hews it, of a double kind :
Varying the fexes in alternate years.
In one begets, and in another hem.Drydex's Fables.

The hyena was indeed welljoined with the bevcr,
as having alfo a bag in thole parts, if thereby we
underftand the hyena odorata, or civet cat.

Brotvn's Vulgar Errors,

The keen byena, felleft of the fell . Thomfoti.

Hygrometer, n.f. [y'/{oi and fi^tT^iv ; hy.
grometre, Fr.] An inftrument to meafure
the degrees of moifture.

A fponge, perhaps, might be a better hygrometer
than the earth of the river. _ Arbuthnul on Air.

Hy'croscope. ?/. /. [uy?^ and irxTia ;
hygro/cope, Fr.] An inftrument to (View
the moifture and drynefs of the air, and
to meafure and eftimate the quantity of
either extreme. ^inty.

Moifture in the air is difcovercd by bygrofcopes.

Arbutbnot.

Hyla'rchical. adj. [Syri and if»i.] Pre-

fiding over matter.
Hym. n. f. A fpccies of dog; unlcfs it

is by miftake for Lym.

Avaunt, you curs!
MaftifF, greyhound, mungril grim,
Hound or fpaniel, brache or hym ;
Or bobtail tike, or trundle tail,
Tom will make him weep and wail. Shake/peare.
Hy'meN. ti. /. [uf/jv.']

1 . The god of marriage.

2. The virginal membrane.
Hymene'ai.. i w. /. [iii-ifxi®-.] A mar-
Hymene'an. J riagefong.

And lieav'nly choirs the bymenean lung. Milton.
For her the fpoufe prepares the bridal ring i
For her white virgins hymeneals fing. Pope.

Hymene'\l. ^adj. Pertaining to mar-
Hymene'an. J riage.

The fuitors heard, and deem'd the mirthful voice

A fignal of her hymeneal choice. Pope's OJy£ey.

Hymn. ». /. [hymne, Fr. i;/*»®-.] An

encomiaftick fong, or fong of adoration

to feme fuperior licing.

As 1 earft, in praife of mine own dame,
So now in honour of thy mother dear.
An honourable hymn I eke (hould frame. Spenfer.

Our folemn hymns to fuUen dirges change >
Our bridal fiow'rjfetvc for a buried coatfc. Sbak/f.

H t P

When fteel grows
Soft as the parafite's filk, let hymns be raaih
An overture for the wars. Shake/peare's CarlolamM,

There ii an hymn fung ; but the fubjetl of it
is always the praifes of Adam, and Noah and
Abraham, concluding ever with a thankfgiving far
the nativity of our Saviour. BtcoM,

Farewell, ye happy (hadej.
Where angels firft (hould praftife hymns, and firing
Their tuneful harps, when tliey to heav'n would fing.

Dryden.

TaHymn. f. a. [ti';*»i'»i.] To praife in fongi
to wor(hip with hymns.

Wliofe bulinefs were to ferve the Lord
High up in heav'n, with fongs to hymn his throne.

Mitttn.

To Hymn. o/. n. To fing fongs of adora-
tion.

They touch'd their golden harps, and hymning
prais'd
God and his works. Milton,

He had not left alive this patient faint.
This anvil of affronts, but fent him hence.
To hold a peaceful branch of palm above.
And hymn it in the (juire. Drydcn's Spanljh Trltr,

Hy'mmick. adj. [o"/[*i®-.j Relating to
hymns.

He rounds the air, and breaks the bymnici notes
In birds, heav'n's chorifters, organick throats ;
Which, if they did not die, might feem to be
A tenthrankin the heavenly hierarchy. Donne.

To Hyp. f. a. [barbaroufly contrad^ed
from hypochoitdriaci.] To make melan-
choly ; to difpirit.
1 have been to the laft degree, hypped fince I faw
you. SpeSlator.

Hy'pallage. »./. [nVaWneyi.] A figure
by which words change their cafes with
each other.

HypER. «r. /. [A word barbaroufly cur-
tailed by Prior from hypercriticl. ] A hy-
percritick ; one more critical than ne-
ceflity require?. ¥rior did not know the
meaning of the word.

Criticks I read on other men.
And bypers upon them again. Prior.

HYPE'RBOLA. n.f. {hyperhle, Fr. iVs;
and /3aAA«.] In geometry, a fedion of
a cone made by a plane, fo that the axis
of the feftion inclines to the oppqfite leg
of the cone, which in the parabola is
parallel to it, and in the ellipfis interftrfls
It. The axis of the hyperbolical fetftion
will meet alfo with the oppofite fide of
the cone, when produced above the vertex.

Harris,
Had the velocities of the feveral planets been
greater or lefs than they are, or had their diftancct
from the fun, or the quantity of the fun's matter,
and confcqucntly his attractive power been greater
or lefs than they arc now, with the fame >'cloiities,
they would not have revolved in concentrick circles,
but have moved in hyperbolas very eccentrick.

Bentley,

Hy'p erbole. «./. [hyperiole, Fr. vV»f^o>(.]
A figure in rhetorick by which any thing
is increafed or diminifhed beyond the
exaft truth ; as, he runs fajier tha?i light-
ning. His pojfcjffioHs are fallen to dufi.
He luasfo gavnt, the cafe of a flagellet txias
a manfion for him. Shakefp.

Terms unfquar'd
Which, from the tongueof roaring Typhon dropt.
Would feem hyperboles. Shake. Troilus and CrejJiJa,

Taffata phrafes, (ilken terms precife.
Three pil'd hyperboles, fprucc aneClation,
Figures pedantical, thefe Summer flies,
Have blown me full of maggot oftentation. Shake/p.
They were above the hyperbole!, that fond poetry
beftews upon iu Jdjnired objeits. Glan-jilie.

Hyperboles,

HYP

FyierMft, fo daring and fo bold,
DifJaining bounds, are yet by rules confrol'd ;
Above the clouds, but yet within our fight.
They mount with truth, and make a tow'ring flight.

The commen people undmHnd raillery, or at leart
rhetorick, and will not take ijifrfo/a in loo literal
a fcnfe. S%i>if/.

Hyperbo'lical. lai//. [hyperloUque, Fr.

Hyperbo'lick. J fromtj/ieriola.Lat.]

1. Belonging to the hyperbola ; having the
nature of an hyperbola.

Cancellated in the middle with fquares, with

triangles before, and behind with hypertotick lines.

Grnu''s Alufiewn,

The homy or pellucid coat of the eye rifeth up,
as a hillock, above the convexity of the white of
the eye, and is of an hyperbolical or parabolical
figure. Ray tn the Creation,

2. [From hyperbole.'] Exaggerating or ex-
tenuating beyond faft.

It is parabolical, and probably byperholical, and
therefore not to be taken in a ftriift fenfe. Boyle.

Hyperbo'licallv. ad'u. [fiom fyjieria-
liciil.]

i. In form of an hyperbola.

2^ With exaggeration or extenuation.

Yet may all4>cC>lvcd,.if we take \t byperMically.

. Brovm.

Scylla IS feated upon a narrow mountain, which

thnjfc into the fea a ftcep high rock, and hyper.

iUkally defcribed by Homer as inacceffible.

Braone't Note tun the Odyjfey.

Hypesbo'liporm. ad-v. [hyperbola and

forma.'] Having the form, or nearly the

form of the hyperbola.

Hyperbo'reaj*. n. f. \hyperboreen, Fr.

hyperboreui, Lat,] Northern.
Hypercri'tick. n.f. \hypercritique, Fr.
irsf and jtftViMi.] A critick exaft or
captious beyond ufe or reafon.

Thok iyfercriticii in Englilh poetry differ from
the opinion of the Greek and Latin judges, from
the Italians and French, and from the general talle
of all ages. DryJen.

Htpercri'tical. ajj. [from bypercritick.]
Critical beyond neceiffity or ufe.

We are far ftom impofing thofe nice and byper.
nitUal punftilios, which fome aftrologers obliie our
gardeners to. £^,,

buch hypercritical readers will confider mvbu-
finefs was to make a body of refined fayingi, only
taking care to produce them in the rooft natural
manner. .. .,

Hype'rmeter. w. / [^.f and ^.Vf,, 1
Any thing greater than the ftandard re-
quires.

When a man rifes beyond fix foot, he is an h,
ftrmeler, and may be admitted into the tall club.

HypersarCo'sIS. n. f. [i«.<rif»«o-,5, t^io
and <r«f«i^.] The growth of fungous or
proud flefti.

Whm the hyper/ircofi, wa« great, I fprinkled it
with precipitate, whereby i more fpeedily freed the
ulcer of Its pntrefaaion. tVifcman

Hy'phen. a./ [itfi,.] Anoteof'con-

jundion : as 'vir-tue, tver-li'ving.
Uypao'ricK. n.f. [.V»,.] Any medicine

that induces fleep.

HYPOCHO'NDRES. ,./ [*,^..Wr.. Fr.

.^o^c.^.,0,.] The two regions Tying on

each fide the cartilage enfiformis. and

thofe of the ribs, and the tip of the

bread, which have in one the liver, and

ID the other the fpleen. i^aw >■.

The blood moving too flowly thro'.jOi the ccliack

and mefenterick arteries, producer virions complaints

M the lower bovvels and hypochomire, ; from whence

fach perfoM are tailed hypgcjiondtiack. Arbmbmi

HYP

aJJ, hypoeondria-
que, Fr. from

I Hypochondri'acal.
Hypochondri'ack.

hypochondres,]

r. Melancholy; difordG»«d in the imagina-
tion. ^

Socrates laid down hi. life in atteftation of that

molt fundamental truth, the belief of one God ; and

yet he's not recorded either as fool or hypochcn^

, o S ■ , , D^'^y of Piety.

2. Producing melancholy ; having the nature
of melancholy.

Coldfweats are many times mortal, and always
lulpedted; as in great fears, and hypochondriacal
pallions, being a relaxation or forfaking of the fpiritt.

TT , Bacon's Natural Hljlory

Hypocist. »./. l}»riKm( ; hypoap, Fr.l
Hypoci^ IS an infpilTated juice conHderably hard
and heavy, of a fine (hining black colour, when
broken. The rtem of the plant is thick and flcftiy :
and much thicker at the top than towards the bot-
tom. The fruits contain a tough glutinous liquor,
gathered before they are ripe : the juice is expreffed,
then formed into cakes. /^///

Hypo'crisy. n.f. [hjpocrifte, French;
•w«f«r,«.] Diffimulation with regard to
the moral or religious charafter.

Next rtood hypocrify with holy leer.
Soft fmiling and demurely looking down ;
But hid the dagger underneath the gown. Dryden
Hypocrify ,3 much more eligible than open infi-
delity and vice: it wears the livery of religion, and
IS cautiAs of giving fcandal: nay, continued difguifes
are toogreat a conllraint : men would leave off their
vices, rather than undergo the toil of praftifine them
in private. S-wlft

HY'POCRITE. n.f. [hypccriu, French;

BTOXjUTUJ.J

I. A diflembler in morality or religion.

He heartily prays fome occafion may detain us
longer^ I dare fwear he. is no hypocrite, but prays
from his heart. -"^ shakfp.

A wife man haleth not the law; but he that is an i
hypocrite therein, is as a Ihip in , ftorm.

TT • I . , Eccltf. xxxiii. 3.

Sw hypocrite, you feek to cheat in vain ;
Itoutlilence argues, you a(k time to reign. Dryden.

i he making religion necelTary to intereft mifht

increafe hypocrify; but if one in twenty Ihould be

brought to true piety, and nineteen be only «,«<..

"'l"^- ^' ^'*>'3'«^e would ftiU be great. S-wift

I. A tiiflembler. •' '

Beware, ye honed : the third circling glafi
Sulhces virtue : but may hypocrites.
Who flily fpeak one thing, another think,
Hateful as hell, ftiU pleas'd unwarn'd drink on.

And through intemp'rancc grow a while fincere.

H, Phillips.

ypocri'tical. \adj. [from hypocrite.]
Hypocri'tick. / Diflembling; infin-
cere; appearing differently from the reality.

Now you are confeffing your enormities; I know

it by that hypocritical, down-caft look. Dryden

Whatever virtues may appear in him, they will'

be elteemed an hypocritical impofture on the world;

and m his retired pleafures, he will be prelumed a

libertine. ' Re e

Let others (krew their A^ofc/r/ct face. .S«77>'

Hypocri'tically. ad'u. [fiom hypocriii-

cal.] With diffimulation; without fin-

cerity; falfcly.

Sinieon and Levi fpake not only falfely, but in-
fidioufly, nay hypocritically, abuling at once their
profelytes and their religion. Gcv. ef the Tongue.
liYPoCASTRicK. adj. [hypogajl lijui, Fr.
o^c and y<*5-;,j.] Seated in the lower part
of the belly. '^

The fwdling we fuppofed to rife from sn cffufion
of ferum through all the hypogaJ!,iik arteries.
• J ' , , lyiftman,

H Y p o 0 E u M. n. f. i-T. and yu. ] A name
which the ancient architcfls gave to all
the parts of a building that were under
ground, as cellars and vaults. iiunis.

H Y S

HYPO'STA3IS.«/r;5j/,/^/,,Fr.;T.V«ir.j.-'

i. Diftinft fubftance.

2. Perfonality A term ufed in the doc
trme of the Holy Trinity.

The oneneCs of our Lord Jefus Chrift, referring
to the feveral hypojiafcs in the one eternal, indivi-
lible, divine-naturc, and the eternity of the Son's
generation, and his co-eternity and confuliftantialiry
witn the Father, are affertions equivalent to thofe
comprifed m the .indent fimple article. Hammond.

Hyposta'tical. adj. [hypojiatipte, Fr.
from hfpojfajis.]

I. Conftitutive; conftituent as diflina in.
gredients.

Let ourCarneades, warn men not to fubfcrlbe to
the grand doarine of the chymift^, touching their
three bypoftatical principles, till they have a little
examined it. R 1

z- Perfonal; diftiniflly perfonal. ' ""'''

Hypotenu'se. n.f. [hypote«tt/e, Yv.hxo.

T.»i((r«.] The line that fubtends the right

angle of a right-angled triangle ; the fub-

■ tenfe. . ^

The fijuare of the hypoteniife in 3 right-angled
triangle, is equal to the fquarei of the two other
ndes. 11

HYPO'THESIS. n. /. [h,p.-,hje, FrfL,:
«'«•<?.] A fuppofition; a fvftem formed
upon fome principle not proved.

The mind carts and turns itfelf reftleHv from one
thing to another, till at length it brings all the ends
o: J long and various /jy/>u/i<yij together ; fees how
one part coheres with .mother, and fo clears off all
the appearing contrarieties that fcemcd to lie crofs, ,
*" w"^ ■ '''^.w''°'' unintelligible. South.

With imagin'd fovereignty
Lord of his new hypothejh he reigns :
He reigns : how long ? till fome ufurper rife :
And he too, mighty thoughtful, mighty wife.
Studies new lines, and other circles feigns. Prior
H Y P O T H E 't I C A L . 1 «^/. [hypolhetique, Fr!

Hypothe'tick. J itomhyptthejis.] In-
cluding a fuppofition; conditional.

Condition or hypothetical propolitions are thofe
whole parts are uniled by the conditional particle if;
as, r/ihe fun be fixed, the earth mult move. H^atts
Hypothe'tically. ad-v. [from hypothe.
Ileal.] Upon fuppofition ; conditionally.
The only part liable to imputation is calling her a
goddefs ; yet this is propofed with modefty and doubt
a»d bypciheiically. Broome' .

Hurst' d''^'* ^" ^'■°™ the Saxon J5vn)-r» .
HHRST.i awoadorgro/e. ' Gibf. ^

Hy'ssop. v. /. \hyffope, Fr. hvjjhptis, Lat.]
A verticillate plant.

It hath been a great difpute, whether the hyjfof
cornmonly known is the lame which is mentioned
in Scripture. _ ^,y/,^.

1 he hyjfap of bolomon cannot be well conceived .
to be our common hylfop; for that is not the lealt
of vegetables obfervcd to gro.v uj.on walls; but ra-
ther fome kind ot capillaries, which only grow upon
walls and llony places. Bro-w,u

Hvste'rical. \^adj. \hvprique, Fr. ift-

HysTe'rICK. J fiK"!.]

1. Troubled with fits; difordered in the
regions of the womb

In i>y7fr;V;« women the rarity of fjmptoms doth
c;i ilrikc an aftoiiilhment into rpctlaiors. Har%.cy.

Many byjliricahmmtn are fenlible of wind pafljiig
from the w_omb. yioyer ok the Humour. .

2. Proceeding from difordcrs in the womb.

farentof vajjours, and of female wit.

Who gave th' hyferick or poetic tit. Papr.

This tei rihlc I'ccne made too violent an imprcliion

upon a woman in her condition, and threw her into

a llrong hyftfieh tit. Arbutlmot and Pope. .

Hvste'kICKS.. «. /. [is-i/..x..5.j Kits of

women, fuppofed to proceed from dif-
orders in ilie womb,

'I.

I.

JAB

I Is in Englifli confidered both as a
vowel and confonant; though, fince
• the vowel and confenant differ in
their form as well as found, they may be
more properly accounted two letters.

/ vowel nas a long found, as fine,
thine, which is uftially marked with an
.* finii and a (hort found, z& fin, thin.
Prefixed to e it makes a dipthong of the
fame found with the foft /, or double f,
re: thus _/&/</, yield, are fpoken as feeld,
jeeld; tRCcept friend, which is fpoken
frend. Subjoined to a or ^ it makes them
long, 2S fail, neigh; and to a makes a
mingled found, which approaches more
.nearly to the true notion of a dipthong,
or found compofed of the founds of two
vowels, than any other combination of
vowels in the Englilh language, as oil,
.coin. The found of / before another /,
and at the end of a word is always ex-
.preffedbyj».

J confonant has invariably the fame
found with that of^ \n giant, iijade, jet,
jilt, jolt, jufi.
aU Pronoun perjonal. \}k, Gothick ; ic, Saxon;
ich, Dutch.

/, gen. me; plural 'we; gen. us.
IC me, pe, uf.

a. The pronoun of the firft perfon, myfelF.
/donot like thcfefeveral •ouncils, /. Hbaitff.
There is none greater in this houfe than /.

Gen. xxxix. 9.
■Be of good cheer, it is /; be t»t afraid.

Afa/. xiv. 27.
What (hall / do to be for ever known.
And make thy age to come my own ;
i (hall like beads to common piople dye,
4Jnlefs you write my elegy. Cowley.

Hence, and make room for mc. Cmvley.

When chance of bufineft parts us two,
"What do our fouls, I wonder^ do ? Cmuky.

Thus, having pafs'd the night in fruitlefs pain,
<f to my longing Iricnds return again. Drydtn' i /En.

Of night impatient w< demand the day,
I'he day arrives, and for the night vit pray.

Blackmore.

3. Me is in the following paffage written

for /.

There is but one man whom (he can have, and that
is me. Clarijfa.

2, J is mot« than once in Shaleffeare written
for ay, or yei.

Hath Romeo (lain himfelf ? Say thou but /,
And thai bare vowel, /, iTi.ill poilon more
Than thedeathdarlingeyeofcwkatrice. Sbaie/f.

Did your letters pierce ihe queen ?

/, fir J (he took 'em and read 'em in my prefence,

And now and then an ample tear trill'd down. SiaA.
To JA"BBhR. 'v. n. {gabberen, Dutch.]
To talk idly ; to prate without thinking ;
to chatter.

Wefcorn, for want «f talk, tojaUer
Ofjiarties. Stviji.

j AC

Ja'bberer. h. f. {iiom jabher.y One who
talks inarticulately or unintelligibly.

Out cant the Babylonian labourers
At all their dialefts oi jabberers. Hudibrai.

Ja'cent. adj. [jacens, Lat.] Lying at

length.
So laid, they are more apt in fwagging dowm to

pierce than in thtjacenl pofture. IVolton's ArchiteS.
Ja'cinth.w. f, [iot hyacinth, Jerufalemiot

Hierufalem.

1 . The fame with hyacinth.

2. A gem of a deep reddifli yellow ap-
proaching to a flame colour, or the deepeft
amber. Woodiuard.

JACK. ». /. [Probably by miftake from
Jaques, which in French is James.'\

I. The diminutive of John. Ufed as a
general term of contempt for fancy or
paltry fellows.

You will perceive that a Jack gardant cannot
OfEce me from my fon Coriolanus. Shakeffeare.

1 have in my mind
A thoufand raw tricks ot thefe hn^mzjacis.
Which 1 will pradlife. Shakeff. Merch. of Venice.

Every Jack (lave has his belly-full of fighting,
and I mult go up and down like a cook that nobody
can match. Sliakeffeare.

The name of inftruments which fupply the place
of a bay, as an inllrument to pull off boots.

Fost-boys, who had frequently the common name
oi jack given them, were kept to turn the fpit, or
to pull off their mafters boots ; but when inlhuments
were invented for both thofe fervices, they were
both called yaritj. H'atts's Logick.

3. An engine which turns the fpit.

The excellencies of a good jack are, that the
jack frame be forged and filed fquare ; that the
■wheels be perpendicularly and ftrongly fixed on the
fquarcs of the fpindles ; that the teeth be evesly cut,
and well fmoothed ; and that the teeth of the worm-
wheel fall evenly into the groove of the worm.

Mcxon.

The ordinary jackt, ufed for roafting of meat,
commonly confirt but of three wheels. f^'ilkins.

A cookmaid, by the fall of zjack weight upon her
head, was beaten down. IVifemant Surgery .

Some ftrain in rhyme j the mufes on their racks
Scream, like the winding of ten thoufand jacks.

4. A young pike.

No fi(h will tlnive in a pond where roach or
gudgeons are, exc^ftjaeks. Mortimer's Hujhandry.

5. \Jacque,YT.'\ Acoatofmail.

The refidue were on foot, well furniflied vi'nhjack
and (kull, pike, dagger, bucklers made of board, and
dicing fwoids, broad, thin, and of an excellent
temper. Hayviard,

6. A cup of waxed leather.

Dead wine, that flinks of theborrachio, fup
From a foul _/"rff <^, or greafy maple cup. Drydett.

7. A fmall bowl thiown out for a mark to
the bowlers.

'Tis as if one Ihould fay, that a bowl equally
poifcd, and thrown upon a plain bowling-green, will
tun neceiVarily in a dircd^ motion; but if it be made
with a byafs, that may decline it a little from a
ftraighl line, it may acquire a liberty ef will, and fo
rualfoataoeoufly loll^cyar^, . Sentky,

J A C

8. A part of the mufical inilniment called
a virginal.

In a virginal, as foon as ever ^tjaek (alleth, and
toucheth the ftting, the found ceafcth. Bacon.

9. The male of animals.

Kjack afs, for a ftallion, was bought for three
thouland two hundred and twenty-hine pounds thre«
(hillings and four pence. Aiiulhnot on Coins,

10. A fupport to faw wood on. Ainfijuorth^

1 1 . The colours or enfign of a (hip. Ainf<w.

12. A cunning fellow who can turn to anjr
thing, in the following phrafe.

"Jack of all trades, (how and found ;
Aninvcrfe burfe, an exchange underground.

Clta'vetar.d.

Jack Boats, n. f. \irom jack, a coat of
mail.] Boots which ferve as armour to
the legs.

A man on horfeback, in his breeches and jack
boots, drelTed up in a commode and a night-rail. .

SpcBatw,
Jack by the hedge, n, f. Eryfimum.

Jack by ttie hedge is an herb that grows wild undet

hedges, is eaten as other fallads are, and much ufed

in broth. Mortimer.

Jack Pudding. » f. {jack and fuddiitg.'\

A zani ; a merry Andrew.

Every jack pudding will be ridiculing palpable

weakncfies which they ought to cover. VEJIrange.

A buffoon is called by every nation by the name of

the di(h they like bcft : in FrenchyMB foliage, and

in Englith jack f adding. Guardian.

Jact pudding, in his party-colour'd jacket,
Toffes the glove, and jokes at ev'ry packet. Cray.
Jack 'with a Lantern. An ignis fatitus.
JaCal'ent. n. f. \Jack in Lent, a poor
ftarved fellow.] A fimple iheepilh fellow.

Vou XwXtijackalcnt, have you been true to us ?
— Ay, 1 '11 be fworn. &hak. Merry tVivesoflVindf.
Jacka'l. n. J', [chacal, Fr.] A fmall
animal fuppofed to ftart prey for th»
lion.

The Belgians tack upon our rear.
And raking chafe-guns through our (lerns they fend:

Clofe by their tirelhips, Kft-c jackaJs appear.
Who on their lions for the prey attend. Dryden,
The mighty lion, before whom Hood the little
jackal, the faithful (py of the king of bcalh.

Arbuiimot and Pcpe,

Ja'cknapes. ». f. [jack and aj>e.^

1. Monkey; an ape.

2, A coxcomb ; an impertinent.

Which is he ?
Thit jackanapes with fcarfs. Shakeffeare,

People wonder'd how fuch a young upltart jacka^,
napes Ihould grow fo pert and faucy, and take fa
much upon him. Arb.

Jackda'w. n. f. [jack anda'aov.] A cock
daw ,- a bird taught to imitate the human
voice.

To impofc on a child to get by heart a long
fcroll of phrafes, without any ideas, is a practice
fitter for a jacidazu than for any thing that wears
the Ihape ol man. fVattt,

J.l'cKET. n. f. [jacquet, Fr.]
I . A ftiort coat ; a clofe waiftcoat.
la a blue jaciti, wiUt a crofi of red, Hxii. Tale.

Mi

J A D

AnJ hens, and dogs, and hogs are feeding by ;
And here a tailor's Jariei hangs to dry. Pope.

2. To beat ones Jacket, is to beat the
man.

She fell upon theyW^tfV the parfon, who ftood

gaping at her. L'Efirange.

Jacob'/ Ladder, it. f. Polemonium j the

fame with Greek valerian.
Ja'cob'/ Siaff. n. f.

1 . A pilgrim's ftaff.

2. StaiF concealing a dagger.

^. A crofs ftaff; a kind of aftrolabe.
Ja'cobine. n. /. A pigeon with a high
tuft. jiinfw.

Jactita'tion. ». /. [jaSito, Lat.]

1. Toffing; motion; reftleflhefs ; heaving.

If the patient be furprifed vUh jaciitalion, or
great oppreffion about the ibmach, expcdl no relief
from cordials. Har'vey,

2. A term in the canon law for a falfe
pretenfion to marriage.

Jacula'tion. n. f. \jaculath, jacuhr,
Latin.] The aft of throwing miffive
weapons.

So hills amid' the air encounter'd hills,
Hurl'd to and fro with jaculatien dire. Milton.

JADE. n. f. [The etymology of this word
is doubtful : Skinner derives it from goad,
a goad or fpur.]

1. A horfe of no fpirit; ahiredhorfc; a
worthlefs nag.

Alas, what wightsare thefe that load my heart !
I am as dull a) Winter-ftarved Iheep,
Tir'd as 3 jade in o»erloadcn cart. Sidnty,

When they Ihould endure the bloody fpur.
They fall their cieft, and, like deceitful yai/fr,
Sink, in the trial. Shaktfp. Juliut Cafar.

The horfemen fit like fixed candlcrticks.
With torchftaves in their hand j and their foox jades
Lob down their heads, dropping the head and hips.

Shakefpeare,

So have I feen with armed heel,
A wight bellride a commonweal.
While ftill the more he kick'd and fpurr'd,

ThelefjthefuUenyai/j has ftirr'd. Hudihras.

The plain nag came upon the trial to j)rove thofe
to \xjadet that made fport with him. L'EJlrartge.

Falfe ftcps but help them to renew their race.
As, after Humbling, yW« wiU mend their pace.

Pope.

2. A forry woman. A word of contempt
noting fometimes age, but generally vice.

Shall thefe, ihefe old j.ides, p.ill the flower
Of youth, that you have, pafs you. Chapman.

But (he, thecunning'llydjf alive,
Sajrs, 'tii the ready way to thrive. Siepney.

I perfonate this young

J A I

it is a dull thing to tire and jade any thing too far.

Bacon.
If fleet dragon's progeny at lad
Proves jadeii, and in frequent matches caft
No favour for the ftallion we retain,
And no refpeift for the degen'rate drain. Dryden.
The mind once jaded, by an attempt above its
power, is very hardly brought to exert its force again.

Loclce,
There are fcafons when the brain is overtired or
yarff<i with ftudy or thinking J and upon fome other
accounts animal nature may be languid or cloudy,
and unfit to aflift the fpirit in meditation. fVatts.
. To overbear; to crufh; to degrade; to
harafs, as a horfe that is ridden too hard.

Get in, hulTy :

now wi
jade, and diftover the intrigue. Southern.

In di'mon'j5,r pearl, and rich brocades,
She (hines the tirll of batter'dyWcr,
And Butters in her pride. Sivifi.

3. A young woman: in irony and flight

contempt.

You fee now and then fome handfome youn^ jades

, among them: (he fluts have very often white teeth

and black eye.. Adji/on.

Jade. ff. y. A fpecics of ftone.

Thi jade is a fpecics of the jafp<:r, and of ex-
treme hirdncfs. Its colour is compofcd of a pale
blueilhgrey.oralh-colour, and a pale-green, not uni-
form. It appears dull and coarfc on ilu furlace, hut
it lakes a very elegant polilli. It h ufed by the
Turks for handles ol fabres. /////..

7<? Jade. -v. a. [from the noun.]
l. To tire; toha.-afi; todifpirit; to weary:
applied originally to ho'rfcj.

With his banners, and his well-paid rjnks.
The nc'cr-ycl-bealen horfe of i'ariliia
We've jaded out o' ih' field. Shak. Ant. andCleo.

It is good in difcourle 10 vary and intermingle
fpeech^of the prefcK occiiiioii with aR'jnuals ; for
Vot, I.

If we live thus tamely,
To be thusyWfi^by a piece of fcarlet,
Farewell nobility. Shakefpearc's Henry VIII.

3. To employ in vile offices.

The honourable blood
Muft not be Ihed by fuch a jaded groom. Sbakefp.

4. To ride; to rule with tyranny.
I do not now fool myfclf, to let imagination jade

me : for every reafon excites to this. Sbakefp.

To ] ADt. m. n. To lofe fpirit; to fink.

Many oflfer at the effects of fricnddiip, but they do
not laft : they are promifing in the beginning, but
they fail and jade and tire in the profecution. Seittb.
]a'dish. adj. \{rom Jade.]

1 . Vitious ; bad, as an horfe.
Thai hors'd us on their backs, to (how us

Kjadijh trick at la(t, ar>d f^ow us. Hudihras.

When once the people get rhejadijb trick
Of throwing off their king, no ruler's fafc. Southern.

2. Unchafte; incontinent.

'Tis to no boot to be jealous of a woman ; for
if the humour takes her to be jadijh, not all the
locks and fpies in nature can keep her honeft.

L' EJlrange.
To J.4GG. T. a. \gaganxi, flits or holes,
Welfh.] To cut into indentures; to cut
into teeth like thofe of a faw.

Some leaves arc round, fome long, fome fquare,
and m.\Tty jagged on the fides. Bacon's Nat. Hiji.

The jagging of pinks and gilliflowers is like the
inecjualiiy of oak leaves; but they never have any
froall plain purls. Bacon,

The banks of that fea mu(V \x jagged and torn by
the impetuous alTaults, or the filent underminings of
waves; violent rains muft wa(h down earth from the
tops of mountains. Bent.

An alJer-tree is one among the lefler trees, whofe
yoi;ngcr branches are foft, and whofe leaves ittjag.
g'J- kVatis.

Jagg. n. f. [from the verb.] A protube-
rance or denticulation.

The figure of the leaves is divided into fo many
jaggs or clcallops, and curioufly indented round the
edges. Ray.

Take off all the ftaring (Iraws, twigs, and jaggs
in the hive, and make them as fmootli as polfible.
Mortimer's Hajbandry.

]\'Gr,\.adj. [S^om Jagg.] Uneven; den-
ticulated.

His tow'ring creftwas glorious to behold ;
His IhiulJcrs and his fides were Ical'd witli gold ;
Three tongues he brandilh'd when he charg'd his

foes ;
Hi« tecih liood/ij^f vin three dreadful rows. . Add.

Amid' ihofe angles, infinitely Itrain'd,
Thcv j.,yful leave <h<i\T jaggy falts behind. Thomf.
Ja'ggidness. n. /. [itom jaj^ei ] 1 he
ftateof being denticulated; unevcnnefs.

Fiill L'raw ruddy your leaves,' m.iking them plain,
before you give them their veins arjaggednefs.

Peacbam o>i Oiatvirg.

JAIL. V. f. {geol, Fr.] A gaol; a pri-
fon ; .T place where criminals are confined.
iiee Gaol. It is written cither way;
but commonly by latter writers y/?//.
Away with the dotarJ, to the/'a/Vwiih him.

Shakefpeare.
A dependant upon him paid fix thoufanj pounds

JAN

ready money, which, poor man, he lived to repent
'" ^j"'}- Clarendon.

He figh'd and turn'd his eyes, bccaufe he knew
'Twas but a larger>i//he had in view. Dryden.

OneyarVdid all their criminals icllrain,
Which noiv the walls of Rome can fcarce contain.

Dryden.

Ja I ebird. n. f. {Jail and bird.] One who

has been in a jail.
J A 'i L E R . «. y; [from Jail. ] A gaoler ; the

keeper of a prifon.

Seeking many means to fpeak with her, and ever
kept from it, as well becaufc (he lliunned it, feeing
and difdaining his mind, as bccaufe of her jealou*
jailers. Sidney.

This is i jailer, to bring forth
Some monftroui malefaftor. Shakefpeare.

His pow'r to hollow caverns is confined ;
There let him reign, theya//fr of the wind ;
With hoarfe commands his breathing fubjefts call.
And boaft and blulter in his empty hall. Dryden.

Paiamon, the pris'ner knight,
RelUefs for woe, arofc before the light;
And, with his y.jrVtr'i leave, defir'd to breathe
An air more welcome than the damp beneath. Dryd.

Ja'kes. n. /. [Of uncertain etymology.] A
fioufe of office.

I will tread this inbol'ed villain into mortar, and
daub the walls oi jakes with him. Suikefp.

Their fordid avarice rakes
In excrements, and hires the very jakes. Dryden.
Some have filhed the very jakes for papers left there •
by men of wit. Stui/i.

Ja'lap. n.f. {Jalap, French; Jalapium, low-
Latin.]
Jalap is a firm and folid root, of a wrinkled fur^.

face, and generally cut into (lices, heavy and hard
to break ; of a fuintifh fmell, and of an acrid and
naufeous lafte. It had its n2,n\t jalapiicm, or jalapa,
from Xalapa, a town in New Spain, in the neigh-
bourhood of which it was difcovercd : though it is
now principally brought from the M,idciras. It is
an excellent purgative where ferous humours are to
be evacuated. Hill's Mat. Med.

Jam. n.f. [I know not whence derived, j
A confervc of fruits boiled with fugarand
water.

J'VMB. ». /. {Jambe, French, a %.] Any
fupporter on either fide, as the polts of a
door.

No timber is to be laid within twelve inches of the
forefide oi the chimneyy.iwij-. Moxon.

Iambick. n. j'. [iamiijue, Fr. iamhicus,
Lat.] Vcrfcs coinpofcd of iambick feet,
or a fhort and Ions;; fyllable alternately:
ufed originally in fatire, therefore taken
for fatire.

In thy tcloniofis heart though venom lies.
It docs but touch thy Irilh pen, and dies:
Thy genius talis thee not to purchafe fame
In keen iamhicks, but mild anagram. Dryden.

TiJ a'ncle. I'. ». [jangler, French. Skin~
Iter.] To altercate; to quarrel ; to bicker
in words. Now a low word..

Good wits will hitji.ngling ; but, gentles agree.
This civil war of wits we.emuch better us'd
On Nav.!rre and his boolv-men, Shakefpeare.

So far am I glad it did lb fort.
And this ihft'ujjrigling I eftccm a \\^ort, Shakefp.
There is no crrour which liath tiot fome appearance
of prob.ibility rcfembliiig truth, which wlien men,
who rtudy to be lingular, find out, llraining reafon,
they then publiilj to the world matter of contention
and jangling. Raleigh.

y'o Jangle, -v. a. To make to found un-
tuncably.

Now fee that noble and that fovcreign reafon.
Like fweet bells y.i,';^/ J out of tunc and harfh.

Shakefpearc's Hamlet.
'Ere Gothick forms weri! known in Greece,
And in our verfe 'ere monkilh rhinics
Had jangled their fantaftick chimes. Prior,

6 H Ja'ngler,

JAP

Ja'scler. h. f. [from the verU. J A wran-
gling, chattering, noify fellow.

JaSiizary. »./. fATurkiOi word.] One
of the guards of the Turkiih ' Jig.

His grand vizir, prefumiii; to inveft
The chief imperial city of ihe Weft,
Wiih the firft charge compeli'd in hade to rift i
The ftandards loft, mi jjitixarirs flaiii,
Render the hopes Iw ga« his nufter vain. H'ailf-

Ja'nnock. n. /. [probably a corruption of
Lannock.] Oat-bread. A northern word.

Ja'nty. aJj. [corrupted from ^f*f/A Fr.]
Showy; fluttering.

This fort of woman is a janly flattera : (he hangs
on her cloaths, plays her head, and varies her pofture.

SpfClaior.

] a' n VARY. It. /.[Januarim, Latin.] The
firft month of the year, from JaHus, to
whom it was among the Romans confe-
crated.

yaiuary is clad in white, the colour of the earth
at this time, blowing his nails. This month had
•h« name from Janus, painted with two faces, figni-
fying Proridencc. Peac'iim.

JAPA'N. n. f. [from Japan \nJ/a, where
figured work was originally done.] Work
varni(hed and raifcd in gold and colours.
It is commonly ufed with another fub-
ftantive, and therefore may be ccnfidered
as an adjeftive.

The poor girl had broken a large japan ghfs, of
great value, with a llroke of her brulh. Siui/l.

To Jap a'n. w. a. [from the noun.]
1, To varnifh, and embellilh with gold
and raifed figures.

For not the delk with filvcr nails,
Nor bureau of expence,

Nor Itandifh well 7J/ij«»'</, avails
The wriiing of good feiife. Sivift .

3. To black and glofs fhoes. A low phrafc.

The god of fire
Among thefc gen'rous prefents joins his part,
And aids with foot the new j^jpannlmg art. Cay.
Ja P a'n n er. «. /. [from japan.]

1, One (killed in japan work.

2. A Ihoeblacker. So called becaufe he
makes the (hoes (hine.

The poor have the fame itch ;
They change their weekly barber, weekly news,
Pnfer a new jafatiner to their Ihocs. Papers Horace.

to Jar. "v. n. [from eonp>i, anger, Saxon;
or gutrre, war, French ; or garren, old
Teutonick, to clamour.]
j^ To ftrikc together with a kind of (hort
rattle.

The rings of iron, that on the doors were hung.
Sent out ijarrirtg found, and harflily rung. Drydftt.
My knees tremble with the janing blow. Gay.

t. To ftrike or found untuneably and irre-
gularly.

O, you kind goils I
Cure this great breach in his abufed nature ;
Th* untun'd and jarring fcnfcs, O, wind up.
Of this child-changed father ! St.ikrfp. Kiig Lear.

I perceive you delight not in mufick.
— Not a whit, when it/<jr» fo. Sh.ikeffeare.

A ftring may jar in the bcft matter's hand,
And the moll Ikilful archer mifs his aim. Rofcamm.

He keeps his tempcr'd mind, I'erenc and pure.
And every pallion aptly harmoniz'd
Amid' ijarrtng world. Thomfon'i Summer.

J, To cla(h ; to interfere- to aft in oppo-
sition; to be inconfiftent.
At laft, though long, our jarr'mg notes agree.

Hbakffpeari,
For orders and degrees
Jar not with liberty, but well confift, MiU$n.

Venalus Concluded his report .*
A jurr/flj; murmur AUM the favtioui court ;

J A S

As when a torrent rolls with rapid riee.
The 6ood, coiiftrain'd within a fcanty fpJCt,
Roars horrible. DryJen'i Mn.

4.. To quarrel; to difpute.

VVhen thofe renowned noble peers of Greece,
Through flubborn pride, among themfelvcs did jar.

Forgetful of the famous golden fleece,
Then Orpheus with his harp their llrife did bar.

Spenfer.

They muft be fometimes ignorant of the means

conducing to thofe ends, in which alone they can

jar and oppofe each other. Dryden.

Jar. n. /. [from the verb.]

1. A kind of rattling vibration of found.

In r, the tongue is held ftifBy at its whole length,
by the force of the mufdcs ; fo as when the impulfe
of breath ftrikes upon the end of the tongue, where
it finds paflage, it (hakes and agitates the whole
tongue, whereby the found is afFedted with a trem-
bling jar. Holder's Elemenis ofSpmh.

2. Claih of interefb or opinions; difcord;
debate.

He maketh war, he maketh peace againi
And yet his peace is but continual_/ar :
O mifcrablc men, that to him fubjeA are !

Fairy Slueen.

Nath'lefs, my brother, fince we palTcd are
Unto this point, we will appeafe out jar. Hubheri.

Force would be right ; or rather, right and wrong,
Between wliofe endlefsyar juftice prendes.
Would lofe their names, and fo would juftice too.

Sbakefp.

3. A ftate in which a door unfaftened may
ftrike the poft ; half opened.

The chaffering with dilTenters, and dodging about
this or t'other ceremony, is but like opening a few
wickets, and leaving them ayor, by wliich no more
than one can get in at a time. 5'u»iJ't,

4^ \Giarro, Italian.] An earthen ve(rel.
About the upper part of the jar Uiere appeared a
good number of bubbles. Bsyle.

He mead for cooling drink prepares.
Of virgin honey in theyarj. Drydtn.

Warriors welter on the ground,
Whilft empty y^rj the dire defeat refound, Garlb.

JA'RDES. n. /. [French.] Hard callous
tumours in horfes, a little below the bend-
ing of the ham on the outfide. This
diftemper in time will make the horfe
halt, and grow fo painful as to caufe
him to pine away, and become liyht-
bellied. It is moft common to managed
horfes, that have been kept too much
upon their haunches. Farrier's Did.

Ja'rgon. n. f. ^jargon, Yt. gericonfa, Spa-
ni(h.] Unintelligible talk; gabble; gib-
berilh.

Nothing is clearer than mathematical demonftra-
tion, yet let one, who is altogether ignorant in
mathematicks, hear it, and be will hold it to be
plain fuftian or jargon. Bramhali.

From this laft toil again what knowledge fiows ?
Juft as much, perhaps, as (hows
That all his prcdecelibr's rules
Were empty cant, all jargon of the fchools. Prior.

During the ufurpation an infufion of enthufialtick
jargon prevailed in every writing. Swift.

Ja'rgoneli-e. ». /. A fpecies of pear. See
Pear.

J a'sh AWK. »./. [probably ias or eyas hawk.]
A young hawk. Jinjiuorlh.

Ja'smIKE. n. /. [gel/emittum; jafmin, Fr.]
It is often pronounced y^/»/M. ] A creep-
ing (hrub with a fragrant flower.

Thou, like the harmlefs bee, may'ft freely range;
From jafminr grove to grove may 'ft wander. Thomf.

Ja'smine Perjian. n, /. A plant. A fpecies
of lilac.

Ja'sper. ». /. \jafpe, French; iafpis, Lat.]
A hard ftone of a bright beautiful green
colour, fometimes clouded with white.

J A U

found in maflTes of various fiies and fliapes.
It is capable of a very elegant polilh, and
is found in many parts of the Eaft Indies,
and in £g)'pt, Africa, Tartary, andChina.

Hill.

The bafis o( jafper it ufually of a grcenilh hue,
andfpotted with red, yellow and white. kVoodivard.
The moft valuable pillars about Rome are four co-
lumns of or \tat2\jaf per in St. Paulina's chapel, and
one of tranfparent oriental ya/Jjfr in the Vatican li-
brary. AdAifon on Ilaly^
Iatrole'ptick. adj. \iatroleptique, French;
iaT;<« and i/t'if w.] That which cures by
anointing.
ToJa'vel, or jdble.'v. a. Tobemire; to
foil over with dirt through unneceflTary
traverfing and travelling. This word is
ftill retained in Scotland and the northera
counties.
J a'vel. n. f. [perhaps from the verb.] A
wandering or dirty fellow.

When as time, flying with wings fwift.
Expired had the term that thofe tviojave/t
Should tender up a reckoning of their travels. Hvii,
Sir Thomas More, preparing himfelf for execu-
tion, put on his beft apparel, which the lieutenant
compelled him to put off again, faying. That he who
(hould have them was but a jaiiel. What, fays fir
Thomas, (hall I account him a javel, who (hall
this day do me fo great a benefit ? More.

Ja'velin. n. f. [yVjtv/zW, French.] A fpear
or half pike, which anciently was ufed
either by foot or horfe. It had an iron
head pointed.

Others, from the wall, JefeDd
With dart anijav'lin. Hones and fulph'rous fire;
On each hand flaughter and gigantick deeds. Milt.

She (hakes her m'jn\tjav'lin: and, behind.
Her Lycian (juiver dances in the wind. Dryden.

Flies the jafelin fwifter to its mark,
Launch'd from the vigour of a Roman arm .' AJdif.,
JA'UNDICE, «./. {jaum£e,jaunr,yc\\ovf,
French.] A diftemper from obftruftions
of the glands of the liver, which prevents
the gall being duly feparated by them
from the blood ; and fometimes, efpe-
cially in hard drinkers, they are fo indu-
rated as never after to be opened, and
ftraiten the motion of the blood fo much
through that vifcus, as to make it divert
with a force great enough into the gaftrick
arteries, which go off from the hepatick,
to break through them, and drain into
the ftomach ; fo that vomiting of blood,
in this diftemper, is a fatal fymptom.

l^incy.
Why (hould a man, whofe blood is warm within,
Sit like his giandfire cut in alabaftcr?
Sleep when he wakes, and creep into the jaundiee
By being peevilh ? Sbakefp. Aferckanr ofyenice.
1'hofe were hy thoughts, and thou could'ft judge
aright,
'Till int'reft made tjaundlcem thyfight. Dryden/t-
The eyes of a man in the jaundice make yellow
obfcrvations on every thing ( and the foul, tiniltured
with any pa(3ion, .diffufes a falfe colour over the ap-
pearances of things. If'atts.
Ja'undiced. adj. [from jaundice.'] In*
fefted with the jaundice.

All feems infeited, that th' infefted fpy.
As all looks yellow to ihejaundic'd eye. Poptt

7'o Jaunt, -u. n. [janter, French.] 'i"o
wander here and there; to buftle about.
It is now always ufed ia contempt or
levity.

I was not made a horfe,
Aud yet I bear a burthen like an afs ;
S^. i-gall'tl ftsitir'd by jaunting Bolingbroke.

Siakrffeare's Rich. II,

I C E

Jaitnt. «./• Cfrorn the verb.] Ramble;
flight; excurfion. It is commonly ufed
ludicroufly, but folemnly by Milton.

Our Saviour meek, »nd with untroubled mind,
After bis iwj jaunt, though hurry'd fore,
Hungry and cold, betook him to his reft. Milton.

He fends me out on many ayaxOT/,
OM houfes in the night to haunt. Hudlbras.

They parted, and away polls the cavalier in queft
of bis new miftrefs : his firft jaunt is to court.

Tf , L'EJlrange.

If you are for a merry jaunt, I '11 try fbr once who
can toot It fartheft. Drydtn'sSfaniJb Fryar.

Thus much of the fcheme of my defign in this
part have run over, and led my reader a long and
tedious/aa«, in tracing out thofe metallick and mi-
iwral bodie.. iy„oJuard.

JA UNTiNESS. tt. f. [Ttom jaunty, Qxjanty,
corrupted from geniil, French. See
Janty.J Airynefs; flutter; genteelnefs.

A certain «i8he& in my limbs entirely deftroyed
that jauntlncft of air I was once mafter of. Addiftn.

Jaw. n. f. (jour, a cheek, French ; whence
jcrwiont, or cheekbont, then /aw.]

1. The bone of the mouth in which the
teeth are fixed.

A generation whofc tseth are as fwords, and their
y.«f teeth as knives, to devour the poor. Prav.txj..

TheyJTO bones, hearts, and galls of pikes are very
Biedicinable. ffal.o,: Anglrr.

Pifo, who probably fpeaks Ariftotle's meaning, faid
that the crocodile doth not only move hij upper ««.
but that his nether y«ti/ is immoveable. Crru.

More formidable hydra ftands within,
WhofeyatM with iron teeth feverely grin. Drydtn.

2. The mouth.

My tongue deaveth to my jaiui, and thou hart
brought me into the duft of death. Pfalm, «ii i c

My bended hook Ihall pierce their ti\mi ja-iut.

. . , , . Sbakrfptare.

A Imcary toam works o'er my grinding javii.

And utmoft anguilh (hakes my lab'ring frame.

T /■ •- \ r- Ritve.

J AV. n. /. 1^ named from his cry. Skinner.]

A bird ; fiaglandarin.

Two (harp winged (heers,
Deck'd with diverfe plumes, like paiotedyayx.
Were fixed at his back, to cut his airy ways.

„,,„,.. , , , Fairy Queen.

We 11 ufe this unwholefome humidity, this grofs
fi-al'rjr pumpioa— we'U leach Jiim to know turtlot
ivornjay,. Shake/fear..

What, If xhtjay more precious than the lark,
Becaufe his feathers are more huMiiaU Sbatrfpeare.

I am highly delighted to fee the jay or the thrulh
hopping about my walks. Spe{Jafr.

Admires the jay, the infeflj gilded wings.
Or hears the hawk, when Philomela fines. P^.fe.

Jazel. n. /. A precious ftone of^an azure
or blue colour. Di^.

ICE. n. /. [ij-, Saxon ; ey/e, Dutch.]

1. Water or other liquor made foJid by
coW. '

You are no furer, no,

Than is the coal of fire upon the !ee.

Or hailftone in the fun. Shakeff^tre', Coriolanuu
Thou art all Ice, ihy kindncls ireczes. Shake/p
If I IhouJd alk whether ice and water were two'

diftinfl fpecies ol things, 1 doubt not but I lliould be'

aniwered in the affirmative. Lickr

2. Concreted fugar.

3. To Break the Ice. To make the firft
opening to any attempt.

If you liriak the ice, and do this feat,
Atchicvc the elder, fet the younger free
For our accefs, whofe hap (hall be to have her, ,
Will not fo gracelefs be to be ingrate. Shakefpe.,re:
Thus have I brokenihe iee to invention, tor the!
lively reprefentanon of floods and rivers r.etcirarv f.,r
our punters and foets. Peacham on Drai^inr.

Afier he'd a while look'd wife,
At laft broke filence and the ice. Iludiirat.

VeJcF.i-.a. [from the noun.] 1

I. To cover with ice; to turn to ice,

ICY

2. To corer with concreted fugar.

1 CHHousE. n. /. [iceandhM/e.] A houfe in
which jce is repofited againlt the warm
months.

Ichne'umon, ». /. [!x>iv/x,m.] A fmall
animal that breaks the eggs of the cro-
codile.

Ichneumonfly'. «./. A fort of fly.

The generation of the ichneumonfly is in the bodies
of caterpillars, and other nymphs of infefls.
. Denham'i Pbyfico.Tbeol.

iCHNo'cRAPHT. »./. [('x'Sk- and yf«ip«.]
T he ground-plot.

It will be more intelligible to have a draught of
each front in a paper by itfcif, and alfo to have a
draught of the groundplot or ichnograpby oi every

ILHOR.w, /. [i';c*f.] A thin watery hu-
mour like ferum. ^incy.

Milk, drawn fiom fome animals that feed only
upon flelh, will be more apt to turn rancid and
putrify, acquiring titft a faline tafte, which is a fign
ol puirefaftion, and then it will turn into an ichor.
. Arbuthnal on Aliments.

IcHoious. aiij. [from ichar.\ Serous;
fanious; thin; undigefted.

The lung-growth is imputed to a fuperficial fa-
mous or/rAon.«ieiulceration. Harvey on Confump.
The pus from an ulcer of the liver, growing thin
and lehoroui, corrodes the veflTels. Arbuih on Diet.
Ichthyo'logy. »./. [ichlhyologie, YKUch;
<>;«i«A.yi'«, from ixJIit and Aiy*'.] The
doftrine of the nature of fi(h.

Some there are, as camels and (heep, which carry

no name in ichthyology. Broxon's Vulgar Errours.

ICHTHYo'pHAGY. n. /. [iyjoi znd (fiuyot.]

Dietoffifti; the praftice of eating filh.
I'ciCLE. n. /. [iTomice.] A fhoot of ice
commonly hanging down from the upper
part.

Udiftilled vinegar or aqua-fortis be poured into
the powder of loadllone, the fubfiding powder, dried,
retains fome magnetital virtue ; but if the men-
ftruum be evaporated to a confiftence, and afterwards
doth (hoot iMoiciclei, orcryftals, the loadtone hath
no power upon them. krrwx'i l^ulgar Errours.
From locks uncomb'd, and from the frozen beard.
Long icicles depend, aitd cracking founds are heard.
_, Dryden.

The common dropftone confirts principally of fpar,
and is frequently found in form of an icicle, hang-
ing down from the tops and fides of grottos.

n'oodxuard'i Natural Hiflory.

IciNEss. ». /. [from icy.\ The ftate of

generating ice.
rcoN. n. /. [iiKUf] A piiSttre

ientation.
Boyfardus, in hit fraiJl of divination, hath fet

forth tiie icons of thcfe ten, yet added two oiheis.
Brotvn'sfulgar Errouri.
Some of our own nation, and miny Ncthcr-

lanJeu, vvhofe names and icons are publilhei, have

defervcd good commendation. Hakezoill on Prnid.
Ico'nocla?t. ». /. Xiconoclojie, French;

uKoioxJiUfTK. J A breaker of images.
Ico.no'loGY. n./. [iconologie, French; i'ixm

and Aiyn-.j The doftrinc of piflure or

reprefentation.
Ic T e'r 1 c a L. »./. [iaerijiu, French ; iaeriu,

Latin.]

1. Afflifted with the jaundice.

_ In the jaundice the chbler is wanting, and the
iflericalh.ivc a great fournefs, and grioet 'with windi-

2. Good againft the jaundifc.
I'cy. atj. ^from ice.]
I. Full of ice; covered with ice; made of

ice; cold; frofty.

But my poor heart firll fet free,
Bouii4 in th4f< icj chains by thte. Siak:/p;

reprc-

I D E

' Tu"'/' /*'' *° '""■''■*' P«"'''y °f Adam,
t he fcafon's diff,-rtnce ; as, the icy phang,
Andchurhlh chiding of the Winter's wind. Shat.

He relates the exccffive coldnefs of the water they
met with in Summer in that icy region, where they
were forced to winter. /,'y,//.

Bear Britain's thunder, and her crofs difplay
}o the bright legions of the rifing day ;
1 empt icy feas, where fcarce the waters roll,
W here clearer flames glow round the frozen pole.

z. Cold ; free from paflion.

1'houwould'it have never learn'd
The_,rj, precepts of refpcft. Shakefpeare's Timon.
3. Frigid; backward.

If thou do'ft find him tradable to us.
Encourage him, and tell him all our reafons;
Ifhe be leaden, icy, cold, unwilling.
Be thou fo too. Shakefpeare's RiebardWl.

i D. Lontrafted for / luotild.
IDEA. n.f. \idie, French; .'A*.] Mental
image.

Whatfoever the mind perceives in itfelf, or is the

immediate objcd of perception, thought, or un-

derrtanding, that I call idea. Locke.

The form under which thefe things sppcar to the

mind, or the refult of our apprehenfion, is called are

"'"• IVatts.

Happy you that may to the faint, your only idea.

Although fimply attir'd, your manly affeaion utter.

f.. « Sidney.

Our Saviour himfelf, being to fet down the per-

leQ idea of that which we are to pray and with

lor on earth, did not teach to pray or wiih for more

than only that here it might be with us, as witk

them it is in heaven. Hooker.

Her Iweet idea wander'd through his thoughts.

. . Fairfax,

I did infer your lineaments,
Being the right idea of your father.
Both in your form and noblenefs of mind. Shakeff.

How good, how fair,
Anfwering his great idea ! Milton's Partdife Loft,

If Chaucer by the bell idea wrought,
The faireft nymph before his eyes he fet. Dryde*.
Ide'al. adj. [from iJea.] Mental ; intcl-
leftual; not perceived by the fenfes.

There is a two-fold knowledge of material things;
one real, when the thing, and re.»l imprcffion of
things on our lenfcs, is perceived ; the other ideal,
when the image or idea of a thing, abfent in itfeli,
it reprefented to and confidered on the imagination.
Cheyne's Phil. Prin.

Idh'ali-Y. aJv. [from idea/.] Intelleauailyj
mentally.

.\ tianfmilTion is made materially from fome part»,

and ideally from every one. Brown's Vulgar Em

lDfc'NTH;At.."l «d/. [identigue, Ft.] The

Ide'ntick. J fame ; implying the fame

thing ; comprifing the fame idea.

The beard's th ' idcniick beard you knew.
The fame numerically^rue. lludiirat.

There majus is identical with magis. Hate.

Thofe ridiculous WfW/Va/ propofitions, that faitk
is taith, and rule is a rule, are tirit principles in this
coniroverfy of the rule of faith, without which no-
thing can be folidly concluded either about rule or
faith. Tillotfon's Sermons.

If this pre-exiltent eternity is not compatible witk
« fucctllii-c duration, as we clearly and diftiiidly
perceive that it is not, then it remains, that Tome
beii:g, though inlinitely abpve our finite conipichen-
fion^, mull have had an identical, invariable con-
linuanc; from all eternity, which being is no olhe*
than God. Renlley's Sermons.

lijE'.NTiTY. «. /. ;V/f»///c', French ; idiutita,,
fchoolLat.J Samenefs ; not divcrfity.

Therein fallacy of equivocation from a fociciyi*
name, inferring an id;r.iiiy in n.ituie : by this fallacf
was he dckoived tiut dnnk aqua-fortis for (trorj
water, Broti-n's P'ufgarErroun.

t^ertain'y thofe aiSions muft needs he irjular,
where there is an idesslilj between the rule and the
faculty. S<iUtb'sS3rr.lant.

Conlidering any thing «» CTii^ing, at any deter-
mined time and fl«ce. v e t^iipaie It with felf-e*.

• " » iSnf

1 D L I D 1^'

iJtniily and divcriity.

By cutting off the fcnft at tlw end of every hrit
line, which mull always rhime to the next following,
\i prnd'iced too frequent an idtHtity in found, and
brings every couplet to the point of ail epigram.

trior.

Idfs. ». /. [id'!, French; /V/«/, Latin.] A
term anciently ufed among the Romans,
an(i ftill retained in t:te Romilli kakndar.
It is the 13th day of each month, except
in the months of March, May, July and
Oftobcr, in which it is the 15th day. bc-
caufe in thefe four months it W;as fix days
before the nones, and in the others four
davs.

A I'oothfayer bids you beware the Ues of March.
» Shakr/ptare.

IDIO'CRASY. »./. [/-/wrra/f, Fr. I'A'^and
KixiTKi.] Peculiarity of conftitution.

Idiocra'tical.c.v)'. [{tomidiecrq^.'\ Pe-
culiar in conllitution]

I'diocy. ». /. [i<)i»ii<«.] Want of under-
ftanding>

I (land not upon their Uiocy in thinking that
horfes did eat their bits. ^ Bjcoh.

I'DIOM. ». /. [/V/ow, Fr. I'^iW*"'] A mode
of fpeaking peculiar to a language or dia-
led ; the particular caft of a tongue ; a

' phrafe; phrafeology.

He did romanize our tongue, leaving the words
Iranflalcd as mi:ch Latin as lie found ihem ; where-
in he followed their language, but did not comply
with the Ui'.m of ours. Vrjiden.

Some that with care true eloquence (hall teach.
And to juft iJimit lix our doubtful fpeecli. I'rhr.

Idioma'tical. "I /7<//. from iJiom.] Pecu-

Idioma'tick. J liar to a tongue ; phra-
fcological.

Since phrafes iifcd in converfation con trail mcan-
licfs by pairing through the mouths of the vulgar, a
poet (liould guard liimfelf againft id'wmatick ways of
fpeaking. ^^pfiljior.

JotoPATHY. »./. \idiopathie,Yt. i^ii^ and
xcti'Sf-.'] A primary difeafe that neither
depends on nor proceeds from another.

^i/tcy.

Idiosy'ncrasy. v. /• Sjdiofynncraje, Fr.

^ tJ".®-, «■»», and KjSiTJs.] A peculiar temper
or difpofition of body not common to
another. %/«y.

Whether quails, from any Ulofyncrafy or pecu-
liarity of conititulion, do innocuoully feed upon hel-
lebore, or rather fometimes but medicinally ufe the
4_iinr . Snivn^s l^nUar Etrours.

The underftanding alfo hath its idlojjiicrafirs, as
well as other faculties. OUrrv. Sceff.

I'DIOT. n. J. \idiote, French; idiotn, Lat.
.;Jl«rD(.] A. fool ; a natural ; a change
ling ; one without the powers of reafon.

Life is a tale.
Told by »n /</«/, fult ol found and fury.
Signifying nothing. ' Sl.wh/prar,-'s M.-rierh.

What elfe doth he herein, than by a kind of ci-
cumlocutiontell his humble fuppliants that he holds
them /</«/J» or bafc wretches, not able to get relief ?
Raleigh' tEJfays.
By idle boys and idt^tsy'Mj'i,
Who me and mycala.nities deride. Sandys.

Many dials will believe that they fee what they
enly hear. Demit.

1'dioTISM. w. /. [idioti/me, Fr. iW«>t.«-^«5.]
I. Peculiarity of exprefficn ; mode of ex-
preffion peculiar to a language.

Scholarsfoncllmes in common fpeech, or writing,
in their native language, give terminations and /rf/c/-
i/mt fuitable to their native language unto words

Bull.

. Not engaged ; affording Icifure

For often have you writ to her ; and (he m mo-
defty, ,

Or elfe for want of idk time, could not again reply,

Suatefpeare

. Unaflive; not employed.

No war or battle'* foiind
Was heard the world around,

The idle (pear and lliieid were high up hung. MiU.,

Children generally hate to be idle; all the care

then is, that their bufy humour Qiould be conllantly

employed in C<mething of ufe to them. L/>cke.

Suppofing, among a multitude embarked in the

fame veflel, there are fevcral that, in a tempell,

will rather perilh than work; would it not be mad-

nefs in the rell to Hand idle, and rather ehufe to

fiak than do more ll>aa comes to their Ihare ? Add.

1. Ufelefs; vain; ineffeftual.

They allomlh'd, all refiilance loft.
All courage: down their idle weapons dropp'd.

Milio"-

And threat'ning France, plac'd like a painted Jove,

Held idle thunder in hit lifted hand. Dryden.

Where was then
The power that guards the facred lives of kings?
Why (Icpt the lightning and the thunderbolts.
Or bent their idle rage on fields and trees.
When vengeance call'd 'em here ? Dryden

5. Unfruitful; barren; not produftive of
good.

Of antres vaft, and defarts idle.

It was my hent 10 fpeak. Shaktfp. Othello.

The murmuring furge,
That on th' unnumber'd idle pebbles chafes.
Cannot be heard fo high. Shaicfpeare's King Lear.

He was met even now,
Crown'd with rank fumiter and furrow weeds,
Darnel, and all the idle weeds that grow
i n our fuftaining corn. Sbake/peare'i King tear.

6. Trifling; of no importance : as, an idle
(lory.

Suffice it then, thou money god, quoth he,
That all thine idle offers I relufe ;
All that I need 1 have : what needeth me
To covet more than I have caufe to ufe ? Fairy ^

This anfwer is both idle in regard of us, and re-
pugnant to themfclves. _ Hooker.

They are not, in our eftimation, idle reproofs,
when the authors of needlefs innovations are oppofe4
with fuch negative?, as that of Leo : how are thefe
new devices brought in, which our fathers never
knew > H;oker.

His friend fmil'd fcornful, and, with proud con-
tempt,
Rejefls as idle what his fellow dreamt. Dryden.

An idle reafoin lelTens the weight of the good ones

I D O

though it Bftalt u» pine away for Tpitt, to bfe iijy
of our time in fo troublefome an idlenefs. Sidney,.

He, fearing idlencfs, the nutfe of ill,
In fculpture excrcifed his happy (kill. Dryden.

Nature being fibcral to all without labour, necelTity
impofmg 110 induftry or travel, idlenefi bringeth fonh
no other fruiu than vain thoughts and licentious plea-
fures. Raleigh.

3. Omiflionof bufmefs.

Ten thoufand harms, more than the ills I know.
My idlenefi doth hatch. Sktk. Am. and Clcupalra.

4. Unimportance; trivialnefs.

To the Englilh court aflemble now.
From ev'ry region, i^tioi idlenefs. Shakefp.

5. Inefficacy ; ufeleffnefs.

6. Barrennefs; wortlileflhefs.

7. Unreafonablenefs ; want of judgment;
fooliftinefs; madnefs.

There is no heat of affiiflion, but is joined with
fome idlenefs of brain. Bacon's IVar vili Spain.

I'dlkr. ». /. [from id/e.] Alazyperfon;
a fluggard.

Many of thefe poor (ifhermen and idlers, that are.
commonly prefented to his majefty's (hips, are fo
ignorant in fca-feivice, as that they know not tb«
name of a rope. Raleigh.

Thou (luggilli W/cr, dilatory flavc ! Jrene.

I'di-y. adv. [from idle.]

1. Lazily; without employment.

I will (lay myfelf.
For living idly here in pomp and cafe. Shake/p.

2, Foolilhly; in a. trifling manner.

And modern Afgil, whofe capricious thought
Is yet with (lores of wilder notions fraught.
Too foon onvinc'd, (hall yield that fleeting bre

:ath,

WoK

you gave before.

Stui/r.

newly invented.

Hale.

2. Folly; natural imbecillity of mind.
I'DLE. aJJ. [ybel, Saxon.]

He wilhes to recal the precious hours he has fpcnt

in trifles, and loitered away in idle unp'tofilable di-

verfions. . ^'i-'"-

71; Idle. t. ». [from the adjeftive.J To

lofe time in lazinefs and inaclivity.

. Yet free from this poetick madnefs,
N»«t page he fays, in fobcr fadnefs,
That the, and all her fellow-gods.
Sit idling in their high abodes. Prior.

Idlehe'ad EO. adj. [idle and /^ead.]

1. Foolifli; unreafonable.

Thefe idleh'cadedie.tkm refort thither. Caretv.

2. Delirious; infatuated.

Upon this lofsfhe fell idleheaded, and to this very
day (lands near the place llill. VKftrange.

I'd IE NESS. ti. f. [from /■(//<•.]
I. Lazinefs; floth; fluggiflinefs; averfion
fi ora labour.

Nor is e«cefs the only thing by which (in breaks
men in their health, and the comfortable enjoyment
of themfclves j but many are alfo brought to a very ill
and languifhing habit of body by mere idlencfs, and
idlenefs is both itfelf a great fin, and the caufe of
many more. Soutb's Sermons.

, Abfence of employment.

All which yet could not make us accufe iher,

Which play'd fo idly with the darts of death.

3. Carelefly ; without attention.

But (hall we take the mufe abroad.
To drop her idly on the road i
And leave our fubjcdl in the middle.
As Butler did his bear and fiddle ? P/vV.

4. Ineffeftually; vainly.

Let this and oUier alleg.ations, fuitabte unto it,
ceafe to bark any longer idly againd the truth, the
courfe and palTage whereof it is not in them to hinder.

Hooker.
I'DOL. «./. [idole, Fr. i.A'Jiw; ido/um. Lat.J

1. An image worftiipped as God.

They did facrifice upon the idol altar, which waj
upon the altar of God. I Mae. i. 59.

A nation from one faithful man to fpring.
Him on this fide Euphrates yet refiding,
Bred up in idol worthip. Milton's Paradifehofi.

The apoftle is there arguing againd the gnodicks
who joined in the idol feads, and whom he therefore
accufes of participating of the idol god. Alterhury.

2. A counterfeit.

Woe to the idle (hephcrd that leaveth the flock.

Zech.iu 17.

3. An image.

Never did art fo well with nature drive.
Nor ever idol (eem'd lb much alive;
So like the man, fo golden to the fight;
So bafe within, fo counterfeit and light. Dryden,

4. A reprefentation. Not in ufe.

Men beholding fo great excellence,-
And rare perfeilion in mortality.

Do her adore with facred reverence.
As th' idol of iter maker's great magnificence.

Fairy ^een,

c. One loved or honoured to adoration.

He's honoured and lov'd by all ;
The foldicr'sgod, and people's idol. Deiiham's Soph.
IDO'LATER. ». /. [idolatre, Fr. idolatra,
Lat.] One who pays divine honours to
images ; one who worfliips for God tliat
which is not God.

The date of idolaters is two ways miferable : fird,
in that which they worfhip they find no fuccour; and
fccondly, at his hands, whom they ought to ferve,
there is no other thing to be looked for but the
cdeils of mod juft difpleafure, the withdrawing of
grace, deriletlion in this world, and io the world to
come confuCon. Hooter.

JE A

An aftraloger may bt no Chriitian; be MayV
tn idolattr or a pagan; but I would hardly think
ailrology to be compatible with rank atheifm.

Benthy*s Sermons.
To Ido'latrize. v. a, [iTOta id'jlater.'\
To worfhip idols. Ai/ipwarth.

Ido'latrous. adj. [from idolater.} Tend-
ing to idolatry ; compriiing idolatry, or
the worfhip of falfcgods.

Neither may the piiftures of our Saviour, the apof-

tles, and martyrs of the church, be drawn to an iJo-

lairous ufe, or be fet up in churches to be worlhipped.

Ftacham on Dratvin^.

Ido'latrously. adv. [from idolatrousT]

In aa idolatrous manner.

Not therefore whatfoevcr idolatera have cither
thought or done ; but let whatfoever they have either
thought or done idolatroujly, be fo far forth abhor-
red. Hooker.
Ido'latry. n. f. [idolatrie, Fr. idolatria,
Lat.] The worfhip of images; the wor-
ftiip of any thing as God which is not
God.

Thou Ihalt be worlhipp'd, kifi'd, Iov'd,andador'd;
And, were there fenfe in his idolatry^
My fubllance Ihouid be lUtued in thy Head.

Shakrfpeare.
Idolatry n not only an accounting or worlhip-
ping that for Cod which is not God, but it is alfo a
worfhippingthe true God in a way unfuitable to his
nature J and particularly by the mediation of Fmagcs
and corporeal refemblances. South.

The kings were diftingtiiflied by judgments or
lltflSngs, according as they promoted idolatry, or
the worihip of the true Cod. Addifan's SfeHainr.

Ido'list. »./. [from jV/o/. A worlhipper
of images. A poetical word.

I to Cod have brought
Difhonour, obloquy, and op'd the mouths
Of idolijii and atbeilt. Milfn's Agemfits.

7»1do'lize. -v. a. [from idoL'\ To love
or reverence to adoration.

Thofe who are generous, humble, juft, and wife.
Who not their gold, nor themfclves idolixt. Dtnliam.

Panics, with the greateft violation of Cliriftian
unity, denominate themfelves, not from the grand
author aad finifher of our faith, but fiom the firft
broacherof their idolized op'iniom. Decay of Piety,
Id'oneous. adj. [idaneut, Latin.] Fit •
proper; convenient: adequate.

You entangle, and fo fij their faline part, by ma-
king them corrode fome idoneout body. Boyle.

An ecclefiaftical benefice is fometimes void de jure
fif faClo, and then it ought «o be conferred on an ido.
mtuifttfon. Aylifft.

I'dyl. n. f. [iiJV,AAi«; idyltium, Lat. J A

fmall fhort poem.
\. E. for id eft, or, that is.

That which raifes the natural intereft of moncv
is the fame that raifes the rent of land, i.e. its apti
neTs to bring in yearly, to him that manages it
a grtjier overplus of income above hii rent, as a re-
ward to his labour, ^^^

JE'ALOUS. </«>•. {jaloux, French]

1. Sufpicious in love.

To both ihcfcfiders have I fworn my love j
Each jeaUui of the other, as the ftung
Are o. the adder. Shah,ff,.,re; King Lear.

Wear your eye thus; not jealou,, norfecurej
I would not have your free and noble nature,
Outoffelf bounty, be. bus'd: l«>k to't. Sbakefp.

M.fttef. Ford, the honeft woman, .he virtuou,
creature, that hath the jealoy, fool to her hulband !

A jealous emprefs lies within your tsmi'^'"'"'
Too haughty to endure negleited charms. Dnden

2. hmulous; full of com^tition. •

I could not. without extreme reluftance. refien
the theme of your beauty to another hand : vive me
ka« to acquaint the world that I tmjealojot thi,

lt>OJCC(a y-j ,

g. Zealoufly cautious againft difhonoar. '

J EE

I have been vtryjeahit, for the Lord CoJ of hods.
c r . . t^ . ^ Kings.

4. bufpicioufly vigilant.

I im jealous over you with godly jealoufy.

vs- . r " ^°''- ''• *•

Mis apprehenfions, as Km Jealous nature had much
of fagacity in it, or his reftlefs and mutinous humour,
tranfported him. Clarendon.

J. bufpicioufly careful.

Although he were a prince in military virtue ap-
proved, ini jealous of the honour of the Engli(h na-
tion i yet his cruelties and parricides weighed down
his virtues. Bacon's HenrySW.

TheyyM/wj of their fecrets, fiercely oppos'd
My journey ftrange, with clamorous uproar

Piotefting fate fupreme. Wilton.

How maX-^ jealous is every one of us of his own

repute, and yet how nialiciouny prodigal of other

r^X^V.. . Decay of Piety.

6. Sufpicioufly fearful.

'Tis doing wrong creates fuch doubts as thefe ;
Renders us yM/mr, and deftroys your peace. IValler.

While the people are {o jealous of the clergy's
ambition, I do not fee any other method left for ihem
to reform the world, than by ufing all honeft arts to
make themfclves acceptable to the laity. S-wifi.

Jealousy, adv. [from jealous. Sufpi-
cioufly; emuloufly ; with fufpicious
fear, vigilance, or caution.
Je'al»usness. 7/. /. [from y<-a/fl«/.] The
ftate of being jealous; rivalry; fufpi-
cion ; fufpicious vigilance.

Nor is it hard for thee to preferve me amidft the

unjuft hatred andy>a/oj(/«f/lof too many, which thou

haft fuffered to prevail upon me. King Charles.

Je'alousy. ft./, [jaloujie, Fr. from >a-

/»«r.]

1. Sufpicion in love.

But gnawingyVa/j./)., out of their Gght
Sitting alone, his bitter lips did bite. Fairy Queen.

How all the other paflions fleet to air.
As doubtful thoughts, and rafh cmbrac'd defpair;
And Ihudd'ring fear, and tften-cyei jealoufy !
O love, be moderate; allay thine eatafy. Shakefp

Why did you fuffi:r Jachimo,
Slight thing of Italv,
To taint his noble heart and brain
With nccikh jealoufy r .Sbatifp. Cymleline.

Sn\ii\ jealiufes, 'tis true, inflame defire ;
Too great, not fan, but quite blow out the fire.

e , . . -. Drydtn.

2. bufpicious fear.

The obftinacy in Eflex in refufing to treat with the

/ -" — ••■•-•».. i'^ .w il^tfi Willi lllc

king, proceeded only from hii jealoufy, that when
the king had got him into his hands he would take

rcivenge Uj>on him. Clarendon.

3. Sufpicious caution, vigilance, or rivalry.
To Jeer. 'v. n. [Of uncertain cty-
molygy.] To feoff; to flout; to make
mock.

The merry world did on a day
With his trainbands and mates, agree
To meet together where 1 lay.
And k11 in fport to/crr at me. Herhert.

Abftain from diliblute laughter, petulant uncomely
jcfts, loud talking and jeering, which are called in-
decencies, and incivilities. Taylor.
To]tts..'v. a. To treat with fcofl's.

My children abroad are driven to difavow me,
for fear of \>t\n% jeered. Ih-wrl't England's Tears.

Jeer. n. f. [from the verb.] Scoff; taunt;

biting jcft; flout; jibe; mock.
Midai, expos'd to all their /cerj,

Had loft hii art, and kept his ears. S-jiift.

They tipt the forehead in a_/>i-r,

As who ftiould fay— (he wants it here ;

She may be handfome, young, and rich ;

But none will burn her (or a witch. Swift.

Jeerer. «. /. [fromy«r.] A fcoffer; a

fcorner ; a mocker.
Je'erincly. «4'a;. ]Jxom jeering.'l Scorn-
fully; contemptuouflyj in mock; in

feoff.

J E R

'Hijeeringly demandeth, whether the fonoreoj-
rays are refraded ? Dcrham,

\l^^^,}'^ ■ "• -f' A kind of faufage. Ainf-w.

JEJU'NE. adj. [jejums, L.at.] ^

I. Wanting; empty; vacant.
. Gold is the only fubftance which hath nothing in
It volatile, and yet melieih without much difficulty j
the melting flieweth that it is not jejune, orfcarce in
'>il"- , Bacn.

2. Hungry; not faturated.
In grofs and turbid ftreams there might be con-
tained nutriment and not in jejune or limpid water.

r« ly n. Broivn,

3. Ury; unaffeftinff; deficient in matter.
You may look upon an inquiry made up of mere

narratives, as fomewhat y>/«»f. Boyle.

Jeju'neness. «. /. [{[om jejune.}

1. Penury ; poverty.

Caufes of fixation are, the even fpreading both
parts, and the y>y«««y>, or extreme comminution
°f '!""'«• Bacon.

2. Drynefs; want of matter that can engage
the attention.

Je'llied. a^', [SeeGELLY.] Glutinous;
brought to a ftate of vifcofity.

The kifs that fips
The jellied philtre of her lips. Cleaz'eland.

Je'lly. n.f. [gelatinum.'Lit.} See Gklly,.
which is the proper orthography.

1. Any thing brought to a flate of gluti-
noufnefs and vifcofity.

They, diftill'd
Almoft to jelly with th' tSedt of fear,
Stand dumb, and fpeak not to him. Shakefp. .

2. Sweetmeat made by boiling fugar in the •
gelly.

The defertcame on, tni jellies brought. King, .
ThatyV//))'! rich, this malmfey healing;
Pray dip your whilkers. Pope's Sat. of Horace.

Je'nneting. n.f. [corrupted from Ju.
Tietitig, an apple ripe in June.} A fpecies-
of aj)ple foon ripe, and of a p'eafant tafte.
Mortimer's Hiijbatidn,
Je'n-net. n.f. [SeeGfiNNET] A Sp'a-
nifh horfe.

The Spanilh king prefents ^jennet.
To Ihcw his love. Prior.

ToJto'pARD. -v. a. [See JEOPARDY.]-
lo hazard ; to put in danger. Obfolete.

He had been accufed of Judaifin, and did bold'y-
je'.fard his body and life lor the religion of the
.I'ws- 2 Mac.

JtoPARDOus adj. from jes^^rdy.] Ha-
zardous; dangerous.
JE'OPARDY. «./. JTThis word is f^^p. ■
pofed to be derived from j'ai ferdu, or jeu-
perdu. Skinner and Ju?:itis. Hazard ; ^
daiiger ; Peril. A word not now in ufe.

And would ye not poor fellowrtiip expel,
Myfelf would oft'er you t' accompany.
In this adventure's chanceful leuparjy. Hubberd.

Thy rage (hall burn ihec up, and thou fhalt turn
To alhcsere our blojd (hall quench that (ire ;
Look to rhyfelf, thou art in jeopardy. Shalifpeare.

We may impute to all exctlltncies in compofitiona
a kind of poverty, or at Icalt a cal'jally ox jeopardy,

Hacon, _

foJtRK. y. a. [^epeccan, Saxon. J 'lo
ftrike with a quick fmart blow ; to lafh..
It is fomftimes written ycrk.

I lack iniquity
Sometimes to do me fcrvice ; nine or ten times
1 thought. to 'yt jerk'd him here under the ribs,

Sb.tkffeare, .
Baftings heavy, dry, oblufe,
Only dulncfs can produce ;
While a Iiltlc gentle joking
.Set! the fpirits all a-woiking. Sti'/ft.'.

■To Jerk, 1: n.l'o finite ■up:, to accofl

eagerly, .

JUS

«agcrly. This fcems to be tlie meaning
•in this place, but is mere cant.

Norblul>i,niouU hefomtK"vt »ci|uaintflnc« mett,
But, proud ol being knowii, will jerk aad itreet.

ihjden,

JgRic. V. /. [from the verb.]
1. A fmart quick lath.

Contemn the filly taunts of fletring buffoonry ;
«nd \.\\ejrrh of that wit, that is but a kind of con-
fident folly. Giairv.
■Wit is not the/Pr/f or fting nf an epigranit nor the
feeming contradi<t>ion of a poor antilhefii ; neither
is it fo r.iuch the morality of a grave lentencc,
at&Aed by Lucaii, but more fparingly ufcd by Virgil.

DryJ^ti.

c. A fudden fpring; a quick jolt that
(hocks or ftarts#

Well lun Ta<vney, the abbot's churl ;
His jade gave him hjfrk.
As he would have his rider hurt
His hood aftMrthe kirk. BnyoKfon.

Lobfters ufe their tails as fins, wheirwith they
commonly fwim backwards by jerks, or fjirings,
reaching ten yards at once. Gre^v.

Jt'fcKiN. «. /. [cyprelkin, Saxon.] A
jacket ; a fliort coat ; a clofe waillcoat.

A man may wear it on both fides like a leather
jirkin. Sbakefpcafe,

IJiilefs we (hould expeft that nature (hould make
•jrrkins and ftockirrjis gmw out of the ground, what
.could (he do better than afford us wool ? More.

Imagine an arobadador prefenting himfelf in a poor
frize jerkin, and tattered cloaths, certainly he would
have but fmall audience. iioutb*j Sermons,

Then ftrip thee of thy carnal jerkifi.

And give thy outward tellow a firking. Hudiirds,

I walked into the fea, in jny leathernyrritm, about

in hour before high water. Gulliver'i travels,

J e'rkin. «. /. A kind of hawk. Ainjhuorth.

This (hould be written gyrkin.
J e'rsev. ». f. [from the ifland of Jerfey,
ivhere much yarn is Ipun.] Fine yarn
of wool.
1\t.\i'&k\.zin Artichokes, n. f. Sunflower,
of which they are a fpecies.

"Jerujalem artiebokes are incteafed by fmall ofF-
fets, and by quartering the roots. Mortimer.

Jess. ». /. {^ede, French; getto, Italian.]
Short (traps of leather tied about the legs
of a hawk, with which (he is held on
the (ift. Hanmer.

If I prove her haggard.
Though that my jejfrs wen her dear heart firings,
I'd nhilUe her off, and let her down the wind
To prey at fortune. Shakefpeare' s Othdh.

Je'ssamine. ». /. [See Jasmine.] A
fragrant flower.

Her goodly bofom, like a ftrawberry bed j
Her neck, like to a bunch of cullambincs;
Her bread lik* lillies, ere their leaves be (bed ;
Her nipples, like young bloflbm'd y<^m/>«.

Sj'tnfer.

To]t%T. ni. ti. gejiiculor, Lat.] To divert
or make merry by words or aftion.

7c/? not with a rude man, left tly anceftors be
dilgraced. Ecclel. viii. 4.

Fear you the boar, and go fo unprovided?
-^You mayyV^on: but 1 do not like thefe feveral
councils. Sbakrfpeare's Richard HI.

Jest. ». /. [from the verb.]
1. Any thing ludicrous, or meant only to
xaife laughter.

But is this true, or is it elfe your plcafure,
Like pleafant travellers, to break a jrfi
Upon the company you overtake ? Shake/peare.

As (ox jtft, there be certain things which ought
to be privileged from it j namely, religion, matters of
flate, and great perfons. Bacon.

No man ought to have the lefs reverence for the
principles of religion, or for the holy fcripiures, be-
jcaulc idle and profane wits can htaikjrjls upon them.

Tilhtfon.

He bad tunTd all trngedy ta jrji. Prier.

JET

When you the dulleft of jull thing* have fald,
And then a(k pardon lor the jfji you made. Voung,
2. '1 he objed of jcrts ; laughing-ftock.

If 1 fufpecl without caufe, why then make fport at
me; then let me be youij'j}, I defcrve it. Sbake/p.

J. Manner of doing or fpeaking feigned,
not real ; ludicrous, not ferious ; game,
not eameft.

That high All feer, which I dallied with,
Hath ttim'd my firigned prayer on my head,
And giv'n in eameft, what I beeg'd mjffi, Sbake/p.
When his playfellows chofe him their king, he
fpoke and did thofe things in _/V/?f which would have
become a king in earneft. Grew.

Je'ster. n./. [from jefi.]

1. One given to merriment and pranlcs.

The Ikipping king, he rambled up and down
With Ihallow ji^erj, and ralh bavin wits;
Soon kindled and foo.i burnt. Sbake/p, Henry IV.

2. One given to farcafm.

Now, asayV^cT, I accoft you.
Which never yet one friend hath loft you. Svfift.

3. Buffoon ; jackpudding. A jejier, or li-
cenfed fcoffer, was kept at court to the
time of Charles the firit.

Another fort of like loofe fellows do pafs up and
down, amongA gentlemen, by the mmt af jejlers ;
but are, indeed, notable rogues, and partakers not
only of many ftealths, but alio privy to many trai-
terous practices. Sf infer on Ireland.

JET. n. f. [jajac, Saxon; get, Dutch;

gagates, Lat.]

1. Jet is a beautiful foffil, of a firm and
even ftrufture, and a fmooth furface;
found in ma(res, feldom of a great fize,
lodged in clay; of a fine deep black,
having a grain refembling that of wood.
It is confounded with cannal-coal, which
has no grain, and is extremely hard ; and
the ye? is but moderately fo. Hill.

black, forfooth ; coal-black, as jet. Sbakefp,

There is more difference between thy flefh and
hers, than between jet and ivory. Sbakejpeare,

The tottom clear,
Now hid with many a fet,

Of feed pearl, ere (he bath'd her therC)
Was known as black as jet. Drayton.

One of us inglafs is (et.
One of us you'll find in jet. Sviifi.

Under fiowing jet,
Tke neck flight (haded. Thomfon's Summer.

2. [Jet, Fr.] A fpout or (hoot of water.

Prodigious 'tis, that one attraflive ray
Should this way bend, the next an adverfe way !
For (hould th' unfeen magnetick jets defecnd
All the fame way, they could not gain 'heir end.

Blackmore,
Thus the fmall jet, which hafty hands unliKk,
Spurts in the gard'ner's eyes who turns the cock.

Pofe.

3. A yard. Obfolete.

What orchard unrobbed efcapcs,
Or pullet dare walk in their jei f Tufer's Hu/i.

ToJet. -u. ». [jetter, Fr.J

J. 'I'o (hoot forward; to (hoot out ; to in-
trude ; to jut out.

Think you not how dangerous
It is to jet upon a prince's right ? Shakefpeare.

2. To ftrut ; to agitate the body by a proud
gait.

Contemplation makes a r.are turkey-cock of him :
how he jets under his advanced plumes- Sbakefp.

3. To jolt ; to be (haken. [Jetter, Fr.]

Upon the jelling of a hackney-coach (he was
thrown out of the hinder feat againft a bar of iroo
in the forepart, IViftman.

J e'tsa M. J »./. [jetter, French.] Goods or
Je'tson. j other things which, having
been caft over board in a ftorm, or after
(hipwreck, are thrown upon the Oiore,
and belong to the lord admiraU

i

JEW

Je'ttt. aJi„ [{tomjtt.}

1. Made of jet. «

2. Black as jet. W

The people about Capo Negro, Cefala, and Madt-
gafcar, are of ayV//)r black. Brmia'sPulgar Err.

Her hair
Adown her ftioulders loofciy lay difplay'd,
And in her yrr/y.- curls tea thoufand Cupids play'd.

Pi lor,
Nigrina black, and Merdamante brown,
Vied for his love in jtiiy bow'ra below. Pope.

JE'WEL. «. /. [joyaux. Trench; jeweelea,
Dutch.]

1. Any ornament of great value, ufed com-
monly of fuch as are adorned wiUt pre-
cious ftones.

Here, wear this jev/e/ for me ; 'tis my pidtur*.

Sbakeffeare,
They found him dead, and caft into the (heeu,
An empty calkct, where the yViu</, life,
By fume damn'd haiid was robb'd and ta'en away,

Sbakefpeare,
The pleafure of the religious man is an eafy and
portable pleafure, fuch an one as he carries about
in his bofom, without alarming either the eye or
envy of the world : a man putting all his plcafutes
into this one, is like a traveller's putting all his goods
into one jexuel. South.

2. A precious (lone; a gem.

Je-wels too, ftones, rich and precious ftone,
Stol'ii by my daughter ! Sbakefp. Mercbant ofVeK^

Proud fame's imperial feat
With/fTUf/j blaz'd, magnificently great. Poff.

3. A name of fondnefs ; an appellation of
tender regard.

Bid farewel to your lifters.
— Ye _/t'u;e/j of our father, with wafh'd eyes
Cordelia leaves you. S bake fptare's King LetK,

Jewel-house, or Office, «. /. The place
where the regal ornaments are repofited.

The king has made him mafter of the jc%ueU
houfe. Shakefpeare.

J e'w E L L E R . ». /. [from jeiuel. ] One who
trafficks in precious ftones.

Thefe grains were as like little dice as if they had
been made by a jevfelUr, Boyle..

The price of the market to a jevieller in his trade
is one thing ; but the intrinfick worth of a thing
to a man of fenfe is another. L'Eflrangt.,

I will tarn jeu/eller! I (hall then deal in dia-
monds, and all forts of rich (tones. Addifon,

Jews-ears. n. /, [from its referablance of
the human ear. Skinner.'\ A fungus,
tough and thin ; and naturally, wnile
growing, of a rumpled figure, like a fiat
and varioufly hollowed cup ; from an
inch to two inches in length, and about
two thirds of its length in breadth. Its
fides in many places run into the hollow,
fo as to reprefent in it ridges like thofe
of the human ear. It generally grows
on the lower parts of the trunks of elder-
trees decaying. 7 he common people cure
themfelves of fore throats with a decoc-
tion of it in milk. Hill's Mat. Med.
An herb called je-u^s-ear groweth upon the lower
parts of elder, and fometimes alhes : in warm water
it fwellelh, and opencth extremely. Bacon,

Jews-harf. «. /. A kind of mufical in-
ftrument held l>etween the teeth, which
gives a found by the motion of a broad
fpring of iron, which, being (truck by
the hand, plays againft the breath.

Jrws-MAI-Low. n. f. [corchorus, Latin.]
Ran-uiolf fays it is fown in great plenty
about Aleppo as a pot-herb, the Jews
boiling the leaves of this plant to eat it
with their meat. Milltr,

Jews-stoke, n, J, The davatcd fpine of

a very ;

r G N-

I rery large egg-fliaped /ea-orcBin, petri-
fied by long lying in the earth. It is of
a regular figure, oblong \and rounded,
Iwelling in the middle, and gradually ta-
pering; about three quarters of an inch
>n length, and half an inch in diameter ;
ridged and furrowed alternately, in a lon-
gitudinal direftion ; and its colour is a
pale dulkygrey, with a faint caft of dufky
reddiflinefs. It is found in Syria.

Hill's Mat. Med.
If. conjunahn. [jip, Saxon,]
I. Suppofe it be fo, or it were fo, that. A
hypothetical particle.

Abfolute approbation, without any cautions, qua-
lifications, ifs or ands. Hooker.

ythat rebellion
Came like itfelf in bafe and abjeft root« ;
I fay, //"damn'd commotion fo appear'J,
In his true, native, and mod proper fliape.
You, reverend father, and thefe noble lords,
Had not been there. Sbahf peart' i Henry IV

/^they hare done this deed, my noble lord,

—If! tiUt'ft thou to me of if, ? Thou art a traitor.

_. . , . , Sbaliff,.

This feeing of all things, becaufe we can defire

•0 fee all things, Malbranche makes a proof that

tbey are prefent to our minds; and if they be pre-

fent, they can no ways be prefent but bv the prefence

of Cod, who contains them all. ' Loeke

This infallibility upon fuppofuion, amounts to this',

MiatJ^a thing be true, it is impoflible to be falfe.

All of them fuppofed the apoftle to have allowed
the Epicurean mamms to be good j j^ fo be there
were no refurreflion. Aiieriury.

Tifiphone, that oft haft heard my pray'r,
Afiift, /Oedipus deferve thy care. i't/wV Stttius.

2. Whether or no.

Uiiceruin //"by augury, or chance ;
But by this eafy rife they all advance. Dryden.

She doubts //"iwo and two make four:
It can't — it may be — and it muft ;
To which of thefe muft Alma truftf
Nay, further yet they make her go,
In doubting //"Ihe doubts or no. Prior.

3- Allowing that ; foj^fe it be granted
that.

I G JT

Such bodies onlyftrike fire which have fulpliur or
Igmlible fixts. Brown' t Vulgar Errours.

Ign! vomous. adj. [ignivomus , Lat.] Vo-
miting fire.

Vulcanos and i^nii'omaus mountains are feme of
the mort terrible Ihocks of the globe. Dcrbam.

IGNO'BLE. adj. [ignoble, French ; ignobilis,
Latin.]

1. Mean of birth; not »oblej not of illuf-
trious race.

As when in tumults rife th' iptoile cmrrd.
Mad are their motions, and their tongues are load.

Dryden.

2. Worthleft ; act deferving honour, tjfed
of things or perfons.

The noble ifle doth want her proper limbs ;
Her royal ftock graft with ignoble plants. Hbakef.
Icno'bly. adi-j. [from ignoble.'\ Ignomi-
nioufly ; meanly ; dilhonourably ; re-
proachfully ; difgracefully.

To thefe, that fober race of men, whofe liVei
Religious, tilled ihein the fons of God,
Shall yield up all her nitue, all their fame
Ignobly ! Milton's Paradife Loft.

Here, over-malch'd in fight ; in heaps they lie ;
There fcatter'd o'er the fields ignobly fly. Dryden

IG N

I'gnorance. »./ {ignorance, l^r.igmratn^,.
Latin.] "

I. Want of knowledge; unlearnedncfs.

If all the clergy were as learned as themfclvej arf
tha moft complain of ignorance in others, vet our
book of prayer might remain the Um':. Htolnr.

Ignorance is the curfe of God,
Knowledge the wing wherewith we fly to heav'n.

Still banilh your defenders, 'tiU at length "
Your ignorance deliver you.
As moft abated captives, to fome nation
1 hat won you wi thout blows. Sbake/peare..

If we fee right, we fee our woes ;.
Then what avails it to have eyes ?

From ignorance our comfort flows.
The only wretched are the wife ! Prhr

2. Want of knowledge refpetling fome par-
ticular thing. '^

It is in every body's power to pretend ignorance-
°f"'«'^"'- hrloct..

Icnomi'nious. adj. [igmrmnieux, Fr. igno-
mimo/us, Lzt.] Mean; fliameful ; reproach

Such mechanical circumftanees, if I may fo call
them, were not nectffary to the experiments. Boyle.
I'c N E o u «. adj. [igneui, Lat. ] Fiery ; con-
taining fire; emitting fire; having the
nature of fire.

That the fire bums by heat, leaves us ftill igno-
rant of the immediate way of igneous folutions.
. , Claniitle'sSceffit.

Ign I POTENT, adj. [ignU and /./«/, Lat.]
Prefiaing over fire.

Vulcan IS called the pow'r irnipotevt. Pote

IGNIS FATUUS. «.f. [Latin.] Will with
the wifp ; Jack with the lanthom.

Vapours arifing from putrified waters are ufually
called igne.fatui. hl^ion', Oftickl.

^"Ji^^y^^- ■"• "• fffom '/»". fire. Lat.]
To kindle; to fct on fire. A chyraical
term. ^

Take good firm chalk, ignite it In a crucible, and
• '"«" P"*"*" "• Grev,'^ Mujeeum.

IcNiTiow. ,./ [ignition, Fr. from igmteA
The aa of kindling, or of fettine on
lire. °

The laborant flirrtd the kindled nitre, that the
'*%''"" "'S*" ^ P":<«"ly communicated. Boyle.
Thofe black circular line, we fee on dilhes, and
wher turned veffels of wood, are the effefls of />-
«/';«, by the prefTute of an edged ftjck upon tfie
vellcl turned nimbly in the lathe. Ra-a.

Ioi«j'tjbi,e. adj. [from igmte.-\ Inflam-
mable ; opablc of -being fct on fire. Not
in nfe»

ful; diihonourable. Ufed both of perfons
and things.'

They with pale fear furprix'd.
Fled ignominious. Milton,

Ctihcgus, though a traitor to the ftate.
And lortur'd, 'fcap'd this ignominious fate. Dryd.

They gave, and Ihe transferr'd the curs 'd advice.
That monarchs fliould their inward foul difguife ;
By ignominious arts, for fervile ends,
Should complimcnl their foes, and (hun their friends.

Prior.

Nor has this kingdom deferved to be facrificed to

one fingle, rapaciout, obfcure, igimmHious projcdor.

S'.nft.
Icnomi'niouslt. ad'v. [from ignominious.']
Meanly ; fcandaloufly ; diigracefully ;
IhamefuUy ; reproachfully.

It is fome allay to the infamy of him who died

ignominioujlj to be buried privately. Soutb

I'GNOMINY. n.f. [ignominie, Fr. i.nom'i.

nin, I,atin. J Dilerace ; reproach ; ihamc ;

infamy; meanneft; dilhonour.

Adieu, and take thy praife with thee to heav'n :

Thy ignominy deep with thee in the grave. Sbakefp.

Sirerigih Irora truth divided, and from juft,
Illaudable, nought merits but difpraife
And ignominy ; yet to glory afpires,
Vaiu-glorious, and through infamy feeki fame.

_,. ■ Milton.

Their generals have been lecclved with honour
after their defeat, yours with ignominy after con.
I"'*- Mdijon.

IGSORJMVS.H./. [Latin.]

2. Ignoramus is a word properly ufed by
the grand inqueft impannellcd in the in-
quifition of caufes criminal and publick ;
and written upon the bill, whereby any
crime is offered to their confideration,
when, they miflike their evidence as dc-
feaive, or too weak to make good the
pri;fcntment : the tfttO. of which word fo
written is, that all farther inquiry upon
that paity, for that fault, is thereby ftop-
ped; and he delivered without farther an-
f^ef; Co^el.

2. A loolifh fellow, , a vain • uninftrufted
pretender. A low word.

Tell an ignoram:-; in place and power, that he
has a wit and an undcrdarding ;bove all the world,
and he ib41 twdily adjoit the ct-jumtadatjon.

Souib.

3. Want of knowledge difcovered by ex-
ternal effea. In this fenfe it has a plur.

Forgive us aU our fins, negligences, and ign,.

"T-<v. c Con,, fray,

T//-^XT/!i',, rxT".1' '"'■ ""y *""' ^"^ ignorances. rob.

IGNORAN I. «^-. \;,gmrant, Fr. ignorans,

I. Wanting knowledge; unlearned; unin-
Itrufted ; unenlightened.

So foolilh was I and ignorant, I was as a beaft.

Thy letters have tranfported me beyond
This j^n'raw prefent time, and I feel now
The luture in the inftant. Shakffeare's Mactetb.

In fuch bufinefs
Aflion is eloquence, and the eyes of th' ignorant ■
More learned than the ears. Shakejp. CorioUnus,

He that doth not know thofe things which arc of •
ufe for him to know, is but an ignorant ijuin, what-
ever he may know befides. Tiilotfon,

Fools grant whate'cr ambition craves.
And men, once ignwant, are Haves. Pott.

2. Unknown; undifcovered. This is merely,
poetical.

If you know aught, which does behove myknow..^
ledge
Thereof to be informed, imprifon't not
In ignorant concealment. Sljukrf. ypinttr'slale.

3. Without knowledge of fome particular.

Let not judges be fo ignortnt of t.hcir own right,
as to think tlieie is not left to ihera, as a principal
part of their oflnce, ,a wife application of laws.

_ . . , Bacon's Effayi,

O vifions ill forefeen ! Better had I
Liv'd ignorant of future ! fo had borne
My part of evil only. Milton's Paradl/e I.r.J}.

4. Unacquainted with. In a good fcnfe.

TgOTrrfM/ofguill, I fear not fliame. Dryden.'

5. Ignorantly made or donci Unufual.

Ilis^ Ihipping,
Poor ig^orai:! baubkf , on our terrible feas
Like cgg-lhells mov'd. Skikeffeme. ^

IcNORANTi n.f. One untaught, unlet--
tered, uninftru<fled.

Did I for this take pains to teach
Our icalous i^oraitts to preach ! Denham,

I'cNORANTLY.Wi^. [hotn ignorent.} With-
out knowledge; unfkilfulJy ; without in-
formation.

The gr: and moft cruel foes we have, .

Are thofe whom you would ignorantly umc, Dryd. .

When a poet, an oratoi, or a painter' has per-
formed admirably, we fometimes miftake his blun. •
dcTs for beauties, and arc lb igKoraniiy fond j< liu
copy after them. tTalts,

To Igno're. 'v.a. [igncrer, Fr. igvoio, Lar,
Not to know ; to be ignorant of. '] hia
word Boyle endeavouredto introduce; bu|
it has not been received.

1 igMvred not the ftriiter interpretation, g5ycn br.
mo^j'ii cdticlu l« direrf texts, by sax altcdgcd.

Btyll^

PhJIofofhj-,

JIN

Philofopliv would folidly be cftabfiflied, if men
would more carefulh diftinguifli thofe things that
they know from ihofe that they !gi.-ore Boylt.

Jo No'sc 1 8 L E. adj. [igno/ci6i/lt, Lat. J Ca-
pable of pardon. Dia
JIG. n. f. \g'ga. Italian; gtige, Teutonick,
a fiddle.J A light carclefs dance, or tune.

When Cyrus had overcome the Lydians, that were
a warlike nation, inticad of their warlike mufitk, he
appointed to them certain lafcivious lays and loofe
Jigs J by which he fo mollified and abated their cou-
rage, that tliey forgot their former fieicenefj.

Spenjer in Ireland.
As addlers ftill.
Though they be paid to be gone, yet needs will
Thrulf o[ie moreyVg upon you. Dsttne.

I'oftcrity (lull know th«t you dare, in thete jig-
giviag times, to countenaiice a legitimate poem.

Hen Jiitfon.

All the (wains that there abide,
"V iihyVjf J and rural dance refort. MUttiit.

The mules blufii'd to fee tlieir friends exalting

There elegant delight! oijig and vaulting. Fnilon.

They wrote to her friends in the country, that

(lie (lioijld dance a jig neit October at Wellniinller-

hall. Arbutbml.

Another Phosbus, thy own Phttbus reigns,
Jovs in my Jigs, and dances in my chains.^ Pope.
'Ja I'lG. t). «. [from llie noun.J To dance
carelefly j to dance. ExpreiTed in con-
tempt.

As lor the jiggi'Tg part and figures of dances, I
count that little. Lode.

Ji'g-maker. ti. f. [jig and make.] One
who dances or plays merrily.

Your only jig-mjker ! what (hould a man do but
be merry ? ShateJ'peMe's Hamlet.

JiGfiuMBOB. ». /. [A cant word.] A
trinket ; a knick-knack ; a llight con-
trivanee in' machinery.

He riSed alt his pokes and fobs
Of gimcracks, whims, uni jiggumioln. Hudliras.

JILT. ft./, [giiiti, Iflandick, to intrap in an
amour, Mr. Lye. Perhaps from giglot, by
contraftion ; or gilief, oz gillot, the dimi-
nutive of gill, the ludicrous name of a
woman. 'Tis alfo called jillet in Scot-
land.]

J. A woman who gives her lover hopes,
and deceives him.

Avoid both courts and camps,
Where dilatory fortune plays thtji/t
With the brave, noble, honell, gallant man.
To throw hcrlelf away on fool*. Ot^'aji's Orphan.

a. A name of contempt for a woman.

When love was all an eafy monarch's care,
fllit rul'd the Oaie, and (tatefmen farces writ.
•^ Pope.

To Jilt. 'v. a. [from the noun.] To trick
a man by flattering his love with hopes,
and then leaving him for another.

Tell who loves who ;
And who is jiittd for another's fake. Drydi-n.

Tell a man, paflTionately in love, that he ii filttd ;
bring witnelfes of the f<ilfchood of his miftrcls, and
three kind words of hers (hall invalidate all their
teflimonies. Locke.

To Jilt. 'v. n. To play the jilt ; to prac-
tife amorous deceits.

She might have learn'd to cuckold, y/Zr, and ftiam.
Had Covent-garden been at Surinam. Congreve.

To Ji'ngle. 'V. It. [A word made from

jatigle, or copied from the found intended

to be expreifcd.] To clink; to found

with a kind of (harp rattle.

Whatlhould the wars dow/ich thzfeji/igling fools >

Shakefp.
With noifes
Of roaring, llirieking, howling, y/ag/;>g chains.
We were awaked. Shaktfpcirr'x TempeJI.

The bells (he jingled, and (he wliiftle blew.

fofe.

I L L

You ne'er v/kYijhgliiig words deceive th« etr ; |
And yet, on humble objeSs, great appear. Umilb.

What crowds of thcle, inipenitently bold,
In founds ini jingling fyllables grown old 1 Pofe.

Ji'ncie. tt.f. [from the verb.]
i. Any c'ink, or fliarp rattle.

2. It is ufed, I think, improperly, to ex-
prefs the correfpondence of found in the
efTeifis of rhyme.

Vulgar judges are nine parts in ten of all nations,
who call conceits mi jingles wit. Drydrn.

3. Any thing founding ; a rattle; a bell.

If you plant where favages are, do not only en-
tertain them with trifles and jingles, but ufe them
juftly. Bacon's Effays.

Ile. n. f. [corrupted from aijle, Fr.] A
wilk or alley in a church orpublick build-
ing. Properly aile.

Upward the columns (hoot, the roofs afcend,
And arches widen, and long lies extend. Pope.

Ile. ». /. \_aijle, Fr.] An ear of corn.

Aii'f'worth.
ILE'US. n.f. [Latin.]

An ilei4s, commonly called the twilling of the
guts, is really either a circumvolution, or iiifeition
of one part of the gut within the other. Arbutbnat.
ILIX. n.f. [Latin.]

The ilex, or great fcarlet oak, thrives well in
England, is a hardy fort of tree, and eafily raifed of
acorns. The Spaniards have a fort they call enzina ;
the wood of which, when old, is finely chambletted,
as if it were painted. Mortimer.

Iliac, adj. [iliacut, Lat,] Relating to the
lower bowels.
The iliac palTion is a kind of convullion in the
belly.

I'liac FajJioH. A kind of nervous choHc,
whofe feat is the ilium, whereby that gut
is twifted, or one part enters the cavity
of the part immediately below or above ;
whence it is alfo called the volvulus, from
'vol'vo, to roll.

Thofe who die of the lilac pajfton have their bel-
lies much fwelled. Floyer on the Humours,

Ilk. <zd^'[ealc, Saxon.] The fame. It is
ftill retained in Scotland, and denotes
each : as, ilk ane of you, everyone of you.
It alfo fignifies the fame ; as, Macintofh
of that ilk, denotes a gentlem.nn whofe
furname and the title of his eftate are the
fame ; as, Macintofh of Macintofh.

Shepherds, (hould it not ylhend
Your roundels frefh, to hear a doleful verfe
Of Rofalind, who knows not Rofalind,
That Colin made ? ilk can 1 you tehcaife. Spenfer.

III. adj. fcontrafted from Evil, and re-
taining all its fenfes.

1. Bad in any refpeft; contrary to good,
whether phyfical or moral ; evil. See
Evil.

There fome /'// planet reigns ;
1 mult be patient, 'till the Heavens look
With an afpeCt more favourable. Sbakifp.

Of his own body he was ///, and gave
The clergy /// example. Sbakcjp. Henry'^XW.

Neither is it /'// air only that maketh an /'// feat,
but ill ways, ill markets, and ;'// neighbours.

Bacon's Bjfuys.

Some, of an ill and melancholy nature, incline the
company to be fad and ill-difpofed : others, of a jo-
vial nature, difpofe them to be merry. Bacon.

2. Sick ; difordered ; not in ht^alth. I
know not that e-vil is ever ufed in this
fenfe.

You wi(h me health in very happy feafon ; ^
For 1 am on the fudden Ibmething ; 7. Shakefp.

1 have known two tow..* of the greatelt conlc-
quence lo(V, by the governours faUuig ill in 'be lime
of the fieges. Temple.

III. n. f.

I L"L

1. Wtckcdnefs; depravity; contrariety to

holinefs.

///, 10 man's nature, as it ftands perverted, hath
a natural motion ftrongeft in continuance. Bacon,

Young men to imitate all ills are prone ;
But are compcll'd to avarice alone :
For then in virtue's (hape they follow vice. Dryd.

Strong virtue, like llroog nature, ftruggles ftill.
Exerts iifelf, and then throws off the ///. DrydeHt

2. Misfortune ; mifery.

Who can all fenfe of others ills efcape,
Is but a brute at beft in human (hape. Tate's Jitv.

Though pluRg'd in ills and exercis'd in care.
Yet never let the noble mind defpair j
When preft by dangers, and befet vith foes.
The gods their timely fuccour interpofe ;
And when our virtue (inks, o'erwhclm'd with grief,
By unforel'een expedients bring relief.

A. Philipt.
III. adv.

1. Not well ; not rightly in any refpeft.

Ill at eafe, both (he and all her train
The fcorching fun had borne, and beating rain.

Drydetl,

2. Not eafily; with paia; with diiHculty.

Thou defir'(t
The punilhment allon thyfelfl alas!
Bear thine own firft ; ill able to fuftain
His full wrath, whofe thou feel'ft at yet leaft part.
And my difpleafure bear'ft fo ///. itilnn.

Ill bears the fex a youthful lover's fate.
When juft approaching to the nuptial (late. Drydett.

Ill, fubftantive or adverb, is ufed in com-
pofition to exprcfs any bad quality or
condition, which may be eafily under-
ftood by the following examples.
III. ful-flanti've.

Dangerous conjedlures in ///breeding minds.

Sbak. Hamlet,
I have an ///-divining foul :
Methinks I fee thee, now thou art below.
As oile dead in the bottom of a tomb. Sbakefpeare,

No look, no laft adieu before he went I
In an /// boding hour to (laughter fent. Dryd. jSn,

I know
The voice /// boding, and the folemn found.

Phillips.

The wifeft prince on earth may be deceived by

the craft of ill defigning men. Swift's Examiner,

Your /// meaning politician lords,
Under pretence of bridil iricnds and guefis.
Appointed to await mr: ihirty fpies.
Who tlireat'ning cruel death, conftrain'd the bride
To wring from me and tell to them my fecret.

Milton.
A fpy diftingui(h'd from his airy (land.
To bribe whofe vigilance, .itjilllius toli
A mighty fum of /// perfuading gold. Pope.

III. adverb.

There founded an ill according cry of the enemies,
and a lamentable uoife was carried abroad.

IVifd. xviii. 10.
My colleague.
Being fo ill sSufXti with the gout.
Will not be able to be there in potfon. Benjonf.

The examples
Of every minute's inftancc, prefentnow.
Have put us in thefc ///bcleeming arms. Shakrff,

Lead back thy Saxons to their ancitnt Elbe :
I would rellore the fruitful Kent, the gift
OfVoitigcrn, or Hengilt's/// bought aid. Drydea.

We limple toafters take delight
To fee our women's teeth look white;
And cv'ry faucy ///bied fellow

Sneers at a mouth protbundly yellow. Prior.

The ungratciul treafon of her (// chofen hufband
overthrows her. SiHny.

Envy, hjw does it look > How meagre and ///
complexioned ? It preys upon itfelf, and exhaufts the
fpirits. , Collier.

There grows.
In my moft ///compos'd arteflion fuch
A llauchlefs avarice, that, were 1 king,
I rtiould cut oil the nobles for their lands. Sbakejp.

To what end this ///concerted lye.
Palpable and grofs .» Drydcni Dvrt Seiafi!."'.

Our

ILL

Our generals at y refsnt are fuch ai are likely to
make the beli uCe ot their numbers, Without throw-
ing them away on any /,';' concerted projech.

i^ " A.idi/m nn the AKir.,'

Thefecond daughter »as a peenlh, froward, ///

conditioned creature as ever was. Arbuthnot.

No Perlian arras liides his homely walls
With antick veils, «hich, through their (h^dy fold.
Betray the ftreaks of ill diflembled gold. Dryd

You (hall not tind me, daughter,
A fter the tlander of molt ftep-mothers,
. ///ey'duntoyoa. Sbalfftar,',C,mtrl!nt.

i lee thy filier's tears.
Thy father's anguilh, and thy brother's death, -
In the purfuit of our !.'■ fated loves. Addifon

Others //Alatedarecoodemn'd to toil '

Their tedious lil'c. ' Pr/or

■ Plain and mj^hi nature, left to itfelf, is jnucli
better than an artificial ungratefulnefs, and fuch ftu-
died ways of being /// lalTiioned. Locke

Much better, when 1 Hnd virtue in a fair lodg-
ing, than when I am bound to feek it in an ///
tdvoutcd creature, Jikc a pearl in a dunghill.

Near to an old /// favoured caftle they meant'To
perloi-m (heir unknighlly errand. Sidney.

It a man had 'jut an /// favo^ted nofe, the deep,
thinkers would contrive io impute the caufe to the
prejudice of his education. Stjl^t

I was at her houfe the hour (he appointed.

.And you fped, llr?

-—Very'/// favouredly. Shakefp. '

They would not make bold, as every where they
do, to dclboy/./iormed and mif-flupcd produclions.

The faWed dragon never guarded more
The golden Oeecc, than he his ill got (lore.

n-j f ... " ' l>ryd. Jmi.

Bid him employ hi J care for thefe my friends.
And make good ufe of bis /// gotten power,
IJy (heli'ring men much better than himfelf.

til .J „- . Addif. Caio.

Ill govern d palCons in a prince's breart,

Hazard his private and ihe public reft. Waller.

That knowledge of theits is very fuperlicial .and

.//grotinded. Dryden', Dufrefroy.

///grounded piOlonsquickly wear awav;
What's built u|H>ii efteem can ne'er decay. H^jljh

llilher, of ///join'd fons and daughters born,
J'lrft from the ancient world thefe giants came.
X, , . . MUion,

^at has he erred above once by ///judged fuper-
fluity. /- ' .L

Uid you never tafte delicious drink out of an ;//
looked velfel? i'f^r^,^,.

..,1^'"','/',''.'!"?'*" '■° "' ""^ fof Plexirtus,
that his ,11 hi life would have ,„„bled to deftruc^
Hon, had there not come tifiy to his defence.

•n. /■ . . _ Sidney.

Thefe are the produft
Of thofe/// mated marriages thou faw'ft.
Where good with bad were maith'd. Milton

I he works are weak, the garrifon but thin,
iJilpinted with frequent overthrows,
Already wavering on their ///mann'd walls. Dryd.

He will not hear me out !
Was ever criminal forbid to plead ?
Curb their ///manner'd zeal. Dryden

. It IS impolTtble lor the moll /// minded, avari-
cious, or cunning clergyman to do theleaft injuftice
Co Che meaneit cottager, in any bargain for tythes .

Soon as the ///oraen'd rumour reach'd his ea^
Who can defcribe ih' amaiement in his face !

The eternal law of things muft not be altered. To
comply with his ///ordered choice. Locke

VV hen you ejpofe the fcene,
JWn the ///organ'd engines tail,
t)rt fly Ihe vijardi. S-uifi

for Phthia hx'd is my return ; '

Better at home n.y ///paid [.ains » mourn,
Ihan (rom an equal here lulhiin the public fcorn.

There motley images her fancy ftrike. '^^-*'''"
Figures /// pair'd, and (imilies unlike Pc •,

Sfarfa has not to bualt of fuch a woman i
^orTroy to thank her, forher///plac'dlove.

Drydtn

Vol. I.

rl L L

I diall direfl you, a talk for which I take myfelf
rot to be ///qualified, becaufe I have had opportuni-
ties to obferve the follies of women. , ■ Srvi/i
Aftions are pleating or difpleafing, either in ihem-
lelves, or confidercd as a means to a greater and
more delireaWe end: the eating of a well-fcafoned
ailh.Iuited to a man's palate, may move the niind,
• Sythe del.pht itfelf that accompanies the eating,
•without reference to any other end ; to which the
conlideration of the pleafiire there is in hoalth and
trength inay add a newguft, able to make us fwal-
low an ///relilhed potion. Locie

Blu(hes,///rcttrain'd, betray r

Her thoughts imeiuiTe on the bridal day. Pofie

Behold the truit of /// rewarded pain. Dryden.
Th* god inform 'd .
''"''_'?,"''' *^P''' '"«'>■ w'tb a dariug foul. Drydcx '

• T here was pleiity enough, but the difhes were ///
lorted : whole pyramids of fweetmeals for boys' and
women ; but little of folid meat for men.

,. , , , Dryden.

It does not belong to the prieft's office to impofe
this name in baptilm : he may lefule to pronounce
the lame, it the parents give them ludicrous, filthy,
or ///founding names. Ayliffe

Wfpirited >Vor'ller, did we notfend grace, ' '
Pardon and tetm? of love ro all of you ? Shakcfp

from thy loohrtj heart, rain maid, remove
An ulelcfs lorrow, and an /// ftarr'd love. Pfior.

Ah, why ih' ///fuiting paltime muft I try ?
To gloomy^care my thoughts alone are free :
/// the gay fporU with troubled hearts agree.

Holding of /// tifted things in the''^moutl^ «^i
jnake a fmall falivation. Cre^,

The maid, with downcall eyes, and mute with
grief,
For death urtfinifh'd, and /// tim'd relief.
Stood fullenlo her fgit, Vryden's Ovid.

How (hould opinions, thus fettled, be given up, if
therebeanyfufpicionofintcrcftdr defign, as there
never fails ta be; where men -find themfeWes ///
treated > .;: r ,

Thatboldnefs and fpirit which lads get amongft
theirplaytellowsatlchool, has ordinarily a mixture
of rudeuefs and /// turned confidence ; fo that tliefe
inilbecoming and diOngenuous ways of (hifiing in
the world muft be unlearned. L^cke.

II. before words beginning with /, ftands

tor in.
Ii.r.A'cHRyMABLF, aJJ. \illachrymabilis,

Laf.J Incipable of weeping. Dia

Illa'pse. }!.f. {jUapjus, I at.]
I . Gradual emiffion or entrance of one thing

into another.

■ti^'r * PL'". °^ '"" '■"' •'°^ "7 '•eafon of the
i//rf;>/eot the (ire into it, appears all over like fiie-
lo the fouls of the blefted, by the HUpfe of the di-
vuu: elTence mto them, rtiall be all over divine.

z. Sudden attack ; cafual coming.

Life isoftprcfervcd
By the bold fwimmer in the fwift illapfr
Of accident difaftrous. Tbomfon' : fummer.

To 1LL.™EATE. ^.. a.' [/llajueo.
Lat.J To entangle ; to entrap ; to en-
fnare.

I am ilUjuealeJ, but not truly captivated into
yourconclufion. M.re'i Divine Dialcguel.

ll-LAty/EA'TION. n.J. {Uom iUaqueate J

1. Ihe aft of catching or enfnaring.

The word in Matthew doth not only lignify fuf-
penfioB, or pendulous illaauealioa, but alfo fuffijca-
lion. u

2. A Inare; any tlung to catch another: a
noofe.

Illa'tion. ». / r///«//o, Lat.] Inference;
conclufion drawn from premifcs.

Herein there feems to be a very erroneous i//.i//o«
Irotn the indulgence of God unto Cain, concludmi;
an immunity unto himfelf. LmirK

Illaliun fn orders the intermediate ideas as to
difcovcr what conne^lion iheie is in each link of
the chain, whereby the extrcmei arc held together.

/,«*f.

I L L

rLlA'TIVE.toiS^,-. {Hiatus, lM..\ Relating to
ilrati(}»» pr coi\c!ulion. ,

In common dilcfiurfe or writing fuch cafual pal^.
ticles3s/or, imi/j/i-, mjnileft ttic afl of leafoning
as well as the illative particles tlien and therefore.

iLLAUDABLE. adj. IHlaudaHlh, Lat.J
Unworthy of priif- or commendation. '

Strength Irom truth divided, andfromiuft,
lUaudable, nought merit-; but difpraife. Milton.

Ill audably, adi^. [from ilauMJe.'\ Unp

worthily ; without deferving praife.' ' '

It is n jturalfor all people to f^rm. not itlaudabh,

too favourable a judgment of their own country.

T / ,. r • Broome,

ILLE GAL. adj. [/« and Itgalu, Lat.J Con-
trary to law.

No patent can oblige the fubjett againft law, tin-
lefs an illegal patent palTed in one kingdom can bind
another, and not itfelf. Swift

Illega'lity. »,/. [frona illegal Contra-
riety to law.

He Wifhed them to confider what »otcj they had
paired, of the ilteguliiy of all ,hofe commiffions, and
ot the uiijultihablenefs of all the proceeding by vir.
tueofthem. Clarendon.

Ille'gally. ad'v. [from ilhgn^ In a

manner contrary to law.
Il l e'c I B L E. adj. [/« and legihilis, from /,?«.
Latin,] What cannot be read.

The fecretary poured the ink-boi all over the
writings, and fo defaced them that they were made
al together ,//,-|-/i5/^. ^^,„,^/_

iLLEGt'TiMACY. n.J. [from illfritimate.\
State of baftardy. ^ "'

Illeci'timate. adj. [in and leghimus.
Lat.J Unlawfully begotten j not be-
gotten in wedlock.

.Grieve not at your ftate;

^'>lP}^<^^':^<'^Uh illegitimate. Cleaveland.

Being illegliim,Tte, 1 was deprived of that endear.

ing tcndcrnels and uncommon fatisfaftion, which a

good manlirtdsin the love and coiiverfation of a pa,

. ■■'"'• , Addifon', Speaator.

Illegi'timately. ad'j. [from ilUgiti-
maje.] Not begotten in wedlock.

Illegitima'tion. ». /. [from iUfgiii-
male.] The ftate of one not begotten in
wedlock.

Richard HI. had a refolufion, out of his hatred td
both his brethren, to difaHe their ilTues, upon falle
and incompetent pretexts; the one of attainder, the
ot her of illegilimation. Bacon

lLLF.'viABLE.r?a'7.. [/e^•^'^ Fr.J What can-
not be levied or exafted.

He reflificd the methoj rif collefling his revenue,
and removed obfolete and illeviable parts of cliarte

iLLPA'vouRED. adj. Deformed.
O, what a world of vile i/iy.vMai':/ faults
Look handlome in three hundred pounds »-year \
II Sbakeff,

iLLFA VOUREDLY. apl-J. ■

1. With deformity.

2. Roughly; ruggedly: in ludicroui lan-
guage.

He (liook him ycry ■ il/fa-vouredly for the time,
raging through the very bowels of his country, and
plundering all whereloever he came. Houel.

Illfa'vouredness. »./. Deformity.
ILLI'BERAL. adj. [il/iieraJis.Uu]

1. Not noble : not ingenuous.
The charily of molt men is grown fo cold, and

their religion fo illiberal. King Charlet.

2. Not munificent; not generous'; fparing.

Yet fubfllt thrydid, and well too: an .iriniinrnt

that that earth did not deal out iheir nourilliiuciit

Willi an ovi-rlparing or ilsibtrul liand. H'oiivhtrd.

Ii.i.iijera'lit\. n. J. {ilULnalitas, Lat.

from il.iieia:.}

6 1 I. Mean-

'j. Weannefsof mind. *

a. rariimony ; niggardlinefsi w*lif"6f mu-
nificence. I r;..

Tht <//;^rt.j/(jy of parents, in allowance toward?
their children, is' an Isarmful erroir, and ai.'j

them with Ajtn

Ili./berally. WW * [fifom 'iltiberal.y

Difingcnuoufly; meanly.

^ pile chit hii been boimiiiul only upon fiirprizc

' «ndincogitancy,//A'^ri-jiV rotrafh. ' Dreaj.

iLLi'clT^ a<^". \4lUcitus,lAt:\lltjc'Ue, Fr.],

UnUvvfiil; as, anj///V//< (radfc. ,' ' " i

To rLLl'GHTEN. s;. V. ,[i'n aii^Jighieft.']

To enlighten ; to illuminate. A word,'

I bclleAie, only i« Jia/e/gh: "• ■ '

Corporeal fc'ht cannot be, becanfc then it T<ould
not pierce the 1»t, nor dijphiinous todies ; and yet
every day we fee the air iliii^hieiieii. ' Ruici^h.

Illi'mitable. aJj. [tu and limes, Lat.]
That Which cannot- be- boanded or li-.
mited. .■ • :i '■? ■•)-•■ :

Although in adoration of' idoisi unlo the Jbbtilcn
headsj the worDiip perhaps might be fymbolicaljycti
was the idolatry dirofl in the people, whofe t+edu-i
lity i« i!litriti:i/le, and who may be -made to bclicvp
J that any thing.i8<5o<J. . : i- Hitwhi

With what an awtul worlJ-rcvolvi»g power,
Were firft th' unwieldy planctslaunch'd along
• -The ilUnfti{ble void ! Thtm/in'] Summer.

^LI.i'mitably.' v«ft^.' [from iL!tmUqhte.'\-
'" ■VVithourfufccp'tibiiity ofl^Qiin^?.' I

iLti'MiTjD. «.//. {/« and //>/7f/, iat. i////-j
I ., !««//<?, Fr.].lJn:lx)usded; inlermiriabie, i
TlLi'MiTEUNESs. ». Jl [iiom .iliimited.'}
Exemption from 3II bounds.

The abfoluteiiefs and itlimiudjitfs of his com-i
mnVion was generally much rpoJi.eri of.

ILl.I'TERATE, ctJjA iljir.ratus,' Xnt.}
Unlettered; uiitau^t; unlearned; un-
enlightened by fcience.

'I iie duke was Ulittratr, yet had learned al
court to-fiipptv bis own deled;, by the drawin]
HBto him of the heft'iijlruments of experience.

flillott!
., Th'////Vfr<i/f writer, cmperick like, applies

; To minds difeas'd unfatc chance remedies:
' ' 'The leam'd in fchoojs, where knowledje Hrft began.

Studies with care th' anatomy of man.;
, Sees virtue, »ic<, »ad paflions in 'thtjr «aufe,

Aud fame l(oin;fcience) mot fropi tbrtun): diViws, '

, DryJin,

., ■ Jn the lirrt ages of Chriftianily not only the learn-'

.a(Ji5 autl l,hc (Wiftt, but the ignorant and iUiicrate era-'

Tiraccd wrirtcijis and death. Titlutjot!,

J[j,LITERATENtSS. n. /. [from iHilcrate.]

''. j'Want of learning; ignorance of fcience.

.11- Many a'cjMainted v/ith chyr.iiltry b'lt by report,

fcave, SxoiaiUeiUiltrutmc/i andimpoft«rc5 of tliofe

that pivicud (kill in it, ciueriaincd an ill opinion of:

'•'« ■•".' Jity/t-1

• Ili.i'ti;RATURE. ;/. /. [in irni /iUr/i/u'ri:]'

Want of learning. A word not mut:^i

ufed.

The more ufual caufes of this deprivation ate
want of JiMy orders, iiliur.Uiiie, or inability for the*
difchfi^r^zof that facred fun^ion, and i^rcligioii.

■^i^fijfe'i I-'.irtrgon.

.iXJ:.NF-,s. n./. [from /7/.]

1. Badiielj or inconveBiccce of onykiad
natural or.moral.

He that has his chains knocked off, and the pri-
fon-doors fit open, isperfedlly ai liberty, though his
preference be deici mined to ftay, by the /V/wf/t of the
weather. Lxi^.

2. Sicknefs; malady; diforder of health.

<)n the Lord's day which immediately preceded
his illnrjs, he had received the facramciit.

Atlcrbuty.

Since the account her majcfty received of the
infalent faillon, during her late ithtfs at Wind-

I L^L

for, <ht ?ia(h been willing to fee them deprivej of
pwwet to do mifchief. . Svi'ijl.,

•3. "Wickednefs. ' , "

Thou *-ou1d be great ;
.•\rt not'wiThouta'mbiti6n; b(it witliout
The ilhrj\ (hould ahcnd i t. Shai/ptare.

.^lka';i URE. K./. ^ili and iialureA Ha-
bitual malevolence; want of humanity.

Iliiiature incliticsia man to tliofc aflionj that

thwart and iburand.'diftiffb convcifation, and con

fills of a pronenels to dorill turns, attended with a

fccret joy upon the tight of any milihief that befals

. jabothcr, landof an uttertnlienfibiHty of any kiiidncfs

. 'doRt him., I I I -,■:.• . '., ■ r ' . 'South:

III na'tur r n. ^./•. f from /7/«?i'«'>^<'.] _ j

1. Pfabityally liijife^-olieht ; h-anting kfndJ
^e(> ptgopd »iW; mifchievous ; defi-

roii.s of mother's eviL :

■ ' • Thefe ill qiiah'.'cs denominate a pcrfon i7/»ii/Krfi/,
they being ifutiK- ha mafu: 'him grievous and'uncafy
, .to aril ^ni^nJie ideals and aObciates faimfelf with.'
, M .'. ,2... r.!i ; (.!■,, •■- ; • ■• :'■ -South

Slay, (illy bird, th' lUr.Hur'd tafk tefufe;; . ■
Kor.beftWbedna-Dfimwcltome news. Addifanl

.'■^:.iif.mii,lit :bc but oj' thofe illitatartd being^whd
arc avt mtaiity'wiih mankind,, and doiheretbtc take
.pleafure intiliiiij daefn iv«th groundlefs terror.?,

i '^ ' . ': Atterhuvy

2. P^*/^ applies it *o land. UntratSbblej
not yielding to cnlttire.

The fondly ftudioiis pi" inpi^fei
Rich foreign mold on their VJnafuridXxni.

I Induce. , |, . ,, j ' i ' ',' '■:'!.. '. .fhtlipsl

'ri.r.NA''Tij'REDLY. ad'v'.' [Fnrii iJIna/ured.i
In a pccvilb.froward manner. ■> 1 !

illna'tuKedness. 7t./. [horn il/Matured.]
Want ofa kindly difpofition.

Illo'gical, adj. [ill and logical.1

1. Ignorant or negligent of tha rules of
reafonirigi

'One of the d'HTcrrters appeared to Dr.Sanderfon
fo bold and ///-;^;«/rn the difpute, as forced him to
fay, he had ucVer met with a man of more pertina-
cious co;;hdence, ajirf lefs abilities. Ifalion.

2. CoBthtryto'the rules of reafon.

Reafon cannot difpule and make an Infermce fo
utterly illu^ical. Deciy of Piety.

Il.Lo'ciCALLY. adv. [from illogical.^ Jn
a manner contrary to the law? of argu-
njeri/u "-_, .. , , _; ;■

7"o Illu'de. 1'. a. [il/udo.lM.] To de-
ceive; tomock; to impofe on; to play
upon 5 to torment by fome contemptuous
• artifice of mockciy.

Sometimes athwart, fometimes he 'hook him
flrait.
And falfcd oft' his blow, t' ii/ude himvvith fuch bait.

J^airy i^c.v/.

In vain we meafure this amaring fphere.

While itscircHmferencCj fcornfng to be brought ,

Ev'n into, fancy'd fpacc, iliuJit our vanquifii'dl

thought. . ■ ■ , fii'.r^

To Illu'mf. t;. ff. [illuminer, Fr.]

1. lo enlighten; to illuminate.

When yon fame (tar, that's wclKvard from the pole,
Had made hi; couife, l' illume that part of hcav'n.
Where now it burns. Sbakjfeare't Ham/tl.

2. To brighten ; to adorn.

The m.juntain's brow,
Illitm'd with fluid gold, his near approach
Betokens. • TLriJirt't Summtr.

ro 1 L L U ' M I N E . T. a. • [Uliimiiicr. [■ t ]

1. To enlighten ; to fupply with light.

To confirm his words, out flew
Millions of flaming fwoids, drawn from the thighs
Of mighty cherubims: the fudden blaie
Far round illumifi'dhzW, Afilton

What In me is datk.
Illumine', what is low, raife andfupport ! Miitcn.*

2. To decorate ; to adorn.

To Cato, Virgil paid one honefHine;
O let my country's friendt illumine mine, Pepe.

I L L

To ILLU'MINATE. 1: a. l!Uumi»er. Pr.
lumen, Lat.

1. To enlighten; to fupply with light.

Do thou vouchfafe, with thy love-kindling light,
T' illuminate my dim and dulled eyn. Speiifer.

No painting can be feen in full perfeflion^ but
as all nature is illuminaled by a iingle light.

He made the Ihrs,
And fet them in the firmament of heav'n,
T' /7Km/»fl/r the earth and rule the night. Milt,

Reafon our guide, what can (he more reply
Than thit the fnn ilhiminates the (ky ;
Than that nigh; rife-, from hisabfent ray.
And his refirning liiftie kindles day ? Pficr,

2. To adorn with feftal lambs or bonfires.

3. To enlighten intellctSuaJly with know-
ledge or grace.

Satan had no power to abufe the illuminated world
with liis importure.5. Sandt's Traveli.

When he illumimtei the. mind with fupcmatural
light, he does notcxtinguifli that which is natur.il.

Locke,

4. To adorn with pifturcs or initial letters
of varioiis colours.

5. To inuftrate.

My health is infufficient to amplify thefe remarks,
and to illuminate the feveral pages with variety of
examples. lyattt.

Illumina'tiok. n.f. [illumiaatio, Latin;
illumination, Fr. from tlluminate.^

t. The ad of fupplying with light.

2. That which gives light.

■- The fun Is but a body illightened, and an illumt-
ffaticn crcittd. Raleigh's Hiji^ry.

3. Feftal lighu hung out as a token of joy.

Flow'rs are ftrew'd, and lamps in order plac'd,
And windows with ;V//^w;V;d//o«jgr.ac'd. Dryden*

4. Brightnefs ; fplendour. ^

The illuminators of manufcripts borrowed their
title from the illumination which a bright geniua
givetJ) to his work. Felion.

5. Infuiion of intelleftual light; know-
ledge or grace.

iiymns and pfalms are fuch kinds of prayer as arc

,,tW)tconccived upon a fudden; but framed by mcd;ta-

lion beforehand, or by prophetical illuminaiion are

infpired. Hoi>ker.

We have forms of prayer imploring Cod's aid

and blefling for the /7/i.w/>/7.'/3// of our labours, and

ttht tHriiing them into goood and holy ufes.

. _ Baton.

No holy palGon, no iUuminatism, no infpiration,

can be now a fufficient commiirmn to warrant thofe

attempts '.vhich contradiift the common rules of peace.

Sprat I* 3 Sermtfts.

Illu'minative. adj. {illtimiitatif, Fr.

from illuminate,'^ Having the power to

give light.

■What makes ilfelf and other things be (eea, being
accompanied by liglit, is called h're : what admits
the illjminuiive atflion of (ire, and is not feei\, is
called air. ^ig^y t>n Bodies.

Illumina'tor. «./ [Uom illuminate,'] .
I . One who gives light,
z. One whole bufinefs it is to decorate
books with piiflures at the beginning, of
chapters.

illuKinatcrs of manufcripts borrowed their title
from the illumiuation which a bright genius givetli
to his work. Fclton,

Illtj'sion. n.f. \illiij!s, Latin; iilujicn,
Fr.] Mockery; falfe Ihow; counterfeit
appearance ; errour. .

That, diltiU'd by magick flights,
Shall r.iilc fuch artificial fprights.
As, by ihe ihcngih of their ilUjion,
Shall draw hiinou to his confulion. Sb.akrfp.

There wanted not fome about him that would h.ive
perfuadeJ him that all was hunnilLjion. Bacon.

So oft they (ell
Into the fame illujion ; not as man.
Whom they criump h'd, once lapt'd. Milton.

Aa

I

I.

K.

I M

An-excufe for uncharitablenefs, drawn from pre-
tended inability, is of all others the moll general pre-
wiling ,//^.„ ^^lurily.

Many are the t!/u_fiont by which the enemy endea-
vours to cheat men into ■^curily , and defeat their
"'""on- Rcgas

,. '^r^"*'"^ °"" "^ I <:''''« my wiUing eyes ;
Ye roftf//»yfOTx, de^r deceits, arilc! Pop^.

We mult ufe fome ////^.;w to render a paftoraUe-
Iightliji; and this confiils in expofing the beft fide
only of a Ihtphcrd's life, and ia concealing its mi-
feries. * „ ,

iLivsiYt. ad/\ [from illu/us, Latin.] Dc-
ceivin_f by falfe (how.

TTie heathen bards, who idle fables dreft,
Itlufive dreams in myftick forms eiprelh

-,., .. , , Blacknnre^

While the fond foul
Wrapt in gay virions of unreal bliG,
Sun paints Ih- iilufive (arm. Tbimfin't Sfn\g.
Illu'sory. adj. [from in and luforiu,,
Latin; illufaire, French.] Deceiving;
fraudulent.

Subtilty, io thofe who make profeffion to teach or
defend truth, hath palfed for a virtue: a virrue in-
deed, which, confifting for the mod part in nothing
tiut the fallacious and ///i/si v ufeof obfcure or dc.
ceitful terms, is only fit to make men mote conceited
la their Ignorance. Locke

To ILLU'STRATE. -v. n. \ilh.jiro, Latin ;'
ilhiftrer, Fr.]
To brighten with light.
To brighten with honour.

Matter to me of glory I whom their hate
lllujiratcs, when they fee all regal pow'r

X-l '" "•= '° 1"«" 'l^'if P""!'- Milton.

IheeOieenroll'd hergancr'd knighu among,
llli-Jlr.iung the n«ble lilt. Phitlipi.

5. To explain ; to clear; to elucidate.

Authors take up popular conceits, and from tra-
dition unjuftihablc, OTiMt., i/UJiraic matters of un-
deniable truth. D„„ _

llustra'tion. ». /, {ilhiJlratioH, Fr.
from illujiraie.] Explanation; elucida-
tion; expofiiion. It is feldom ufed in
Its original figni/ication for material
brightnefs.

Uhotver looks about him will find many living
illuftrauotit of this emblem. VEfltanrr

Space and duration, being ideas that have fomc-
th;ng very abflrufe and peculiar in their nature, the
comparing them one with another may ptrhars be
otulc for their i//x//?ra//5<r. ' /^^<,

Illu'strative. ndj. [from i!!„Jlraie.\
Having the quality of elucidaiing or
clearing. "

They play much upon the fimile, or ilhl!vath,c
irgumcntation, to induce their enihymemes ui.io ih-

iLLu'STRATIVEtY. aJv. [from ill„Jj,a.
■ tivf.] By way of explanation.

Thing, are many times delivered hitroglvrhicallv,
mciihoijcally, lliujlrati-utlj, and wot wiih retc-
■ence to action. u,

ILLU'STRIOUS. .^^ lii:.j,,u. L^r;
ill- fir,, 1-rench.] Confpicuous; noble;
eminent for cxcrllence.

dcr.vcd Iromihingsfjcred. j-^^^^

"fev'/j nation, cacli;7/«^r/.w name.
Such toy, as thofe have cheated ir;o fjime. DryJ

iLtu'sTRTowsLY. „d^, [fr^m illufirioL]
Confpicooufly ; nobly; eminently.

He difdained not to appear at fellivjl cnfmain-'
».n« ihathe might more iUuJlnouJlj, ma. iferthis

You carrying wi.b vou all the world can boall
To all the warld illuJrio„Jly >„ )m. >^

Ii.iii>TK,ou5.v,5s. „./. [from ///.>;i,,.]

hininence; noliliiy ; grandeur.
T M. Contradkcdfrom / um.

.'■rivi-A

Im is ufed commonly, in compoCtion
for ,n before mute letters. What is im
m Latin, when it is not negative, is
often em in French ; and our witers, as
the Latin or French occurs to their
minds, ufe im or em: formerly im was
more common, and now em feenis to
prevail.

I'MAGE. ». /. [image, French ; imoso.
Latin.] "

I. Any corporeal reprefentation, generally
ufedofftatues; a llatue; apifture.
Whofc is this im.igt and fuperfcription. Mjtt

The one is too like an im:,ge, and fays notliin? \
and the other too like my lady'i oldeft fon. ever-
more talking. VA.i/-^
Thy brotlier I, ■'•^
Even like a ftony image, cold and numb. Shahrp.
-nt.mageoi a deity m.iy be a proper objeS for that
which IS but the imagcof a roligion. South.
Still mult I be upbraided with your Iin«}
But your late brotherdid not prize melefs,
Becaufe I could not boaft o( imaget. DryJ„

2. An idol ; a falfe god.

Manaffch fet the carved image in God's houfe.

A Chron,

copy; reprefentation; likenefs.

Long may'lt thou live.
To bear hi, image an.l renew his glories ! Siaakefh
J have bewept a worthyhufband's death, '

And llv'd by looklngon his imagti:
Butnovrtwo mirrours of his princely femblance
Are crack -d in pieces by malignant death. Soakrfp

He made us to bis fwujr all agree:
That image is the foul, and that mull be.
Or not the maker's image, or be free. Drydtn.

4. Sttiiblance: (how; appearance.

Deny to fpeak with me? They'ie lick, they're
weary. . , '

They have travell'd .ill night ! Mere fetches.
The, mag.-s of revolt. Staie/peareS Ki^g tear

1 his IS the man Ihould do the bloody deed :
The image 0/ a wicked heinoiu fault
Lives in his eye Shaiefp.ar,', Ki„g J,hn.

The face of things a frightful image bears,
Andprefcnt death in various forms appears.
. . ., , . OryJen'tMn.

3. An Idea; a reprcfenfation of any thint>
to the mind ; a pidurc drawn in the
fancy.

The/ofd^^ofihejeft
I'll fliew you here at laige. Siaifpeare

Uutcalts ot mortal race ! can we conceive
<Imag, of aug)K Jelighuul, folt, orgroat t Prion

When we fncak of a figure of a ihouCnd ancles,
we may have a clear ijca of the number oue tl.oul
rand angles; but tUeimage, or feolible idea, we can-
not dilhi^uiih by fai.cy from (he image oi x fi'ure"
that has nine hundred angles. Hati,

To I'.s(ACF.. rv. a. [from the noun.] 'Io
copy by the fancy ; to imagine.

How arc immat:ri.I f„bu+nc<s to be ,V;.wrf,
which am fuch Umig, wl«r«o/ we can have no no^

Image to thy miad " ^ '"'

How our forefathers to tlie Stygian (Iiadei

Hi, ear oil frighted wi,h the irnag'J voice ''''
Of heav B, when firH it ihunder'd. p,-..^

'^'[e/ome future bud fhall join,
J,, f.,,1 ,..,-.1 .. : ,,fg,-j(.fj tg mine,

, ' ye^'iuabfence to deplore,

A:. ^ ■'•ishcmullbclioWnomoie. PttK

lMAc.iiK>,».y: [fronirW,.] • ^'

I . Scnfible rcprcfcnta^ions.; piaurcs ; ftatdes.

Ol marbltf ftonc was cut

,tI:M'A

An .iliar carv'd with cunning imagery.

when in thofe oraiotiea might you Ice
Rich carving;, portraitures, and i.nagay;
Where ev'ry figure to the life estprcfsM
The godhead's pow'r. Dryi,„', Knigbi', Tale

Your gilt Ihall two large goblets he
O. mvcf , wrought with lutieus imarerf.
Aniliiihc^ibBf..^ ^.ir,Je^,Mn.

■I 2. Show; appearance.

Things of tlie world fill the imaginative part wit!»
beauties and fantaftick,W^„:y. TuyU

wi,atcanthy/ma^,y,offorrowmeanJ.
Secluded from the world, and all its care.

All .T' '°/""=°"-J°y. '» hope orfear? PnV.
All the vifionary beauties of the profpea, thepaim
and ,.«^.._, ,h,, ,„„ii,j „„^ fences, fade and'^dif"
I appear, _

3. Forms of the fancy,- falfe ideas; imlgT."
nary phantafms. t ^

It might be a mere dream which he faw; the ,V.,- '

iiltike f" '"='^''"-*°'"'' '^n^y. f'^ch as mufing men
milbke for a reality. _ Aneriur,.

+V .^Pf^'^"fat'on3 "1 writing; fuch d'c-
icrmtions as force the image.of the thicg
defcnbed upon the mind.

goodT"" ■"">■ "" '" '^' *»=■" "^ -«-« rf
IMAGINABLK.^^-. [imagtttable. Fr. from
wtagitte.] Poflible to be conceived.

It IS not !m.;g;„aile that men will be brought to
obey wh.t ihey cannot erteem. 5,^-°

retVin'f f 'r"° '.''^ S™teft darknef, ,V.,ff;„..^/,
retain fome fenfe and awe of a Deity. T///w/»,

1 MA c I N A NT. aJj. [imaginnnt. French.]"
Jmagining; forming ideas.

We will enquire what the for^e of imasination'is

eidier upon the body .W^/.;«, or^u^rr.hej

r., . i'_ „ ^ Bacon.

IMAOIHXXY ad,, [imaginaire, Fr. from

•mag.ufc.l^ Fancied; vifionary; exifting

qnly in the imagination.

Falfe furrow's eye.
Which, for things true, weeps things //w^/^ar,..

Expeflation whirls me round : ''''Jf^re.

Th' imaginary relifh is fo fweet.
That i t enchants my fenfe. Skiieji

Fortune.is nothing elfe but a power /™W„^ry,,<;
which the fuccoflos of human aaicns^ and"^ en-
deavours were for their variety afcribcd.

Why wilt ihon ndJ, to all the griefsTfuiff-er,^''^'

imaginary ills and landed tortures > AJJifon

iMAGiNAfrioK. «./.{imagi„a,io, Lat. ima'-

S"'at,0N,ht. iramimngine.]
I. Fan-cy; the power of forming ideal pic-
tures; the power of reprcfenting thin<*8
abfent to one's felf or others.

//«|-/™,M I underftand lobe the reprefentatign.
of an individual thought. Imagin.:,iJ,, 01 three
kinds • joinea with belief of that which is to c*me :
joined with memory of that which is paftj and of
thing, pelqHt, or as if they were prefcnt: for I
coiuprehend .11 this imugi.ation feigned and at
plcifure, as It one Ihould imagine fuch a man 'to
be II. the vellmcnts of a pope, or to have wings.
n r y . Bacon,

Our fimnle apprehenfioii of corporal objea.-, if
prcfcnt, IS fenfe; if abfent, imagi„aticn : when we
w.uld perceive a material objcrt, oi/i fancies prefenti

O whubrt Ihall I run, or which wayfly
Ilictightof ihHfohorridfpeaacle, '

W Inch crU my eyes beheld, and yet behold I
I'or dire im.^giMiia ftill pur.'-ucs me. AtiftoK

Where beams o( warm itiughnlirja play, ' " *
The memory's foft figures melt a*.iy. . /><w„.

2. Conception; image in the mind; idea*.*

Sometimes delpir darkens all he, i„:aHt,a,ro„..
fomctimes;the»ilivepaaion of love cheers and cle-ri
her invention. S/

' P'inc«havebuttheirti.tlcs?brthcirgloiies,' "7'
An outward honour for an inwal-i toll.;
AnJ, forunfelt/W/;/>;a//o)rj,

They often feel a w'>rld of reltlcfs cares. Siak

Belter 1 were dirtraa, •

So rtiould my thoughts be fever'd from my gricj& •
And woes, by wrong /w<7ifM.,r/o»/, lolfc
j The knowledge of themlelv^. ' Slviefi,.

VU,,mag!„ai!o„s wiTep/feh as iiltt as tli'ey we'ri
; bold and itr.inr. ■ - • J / ""-f"

,, . ° . Venim,

3. Contrivance; fchemc. '■

' ^ * Tho.

1MB

Thou haft fecen all their venguoce, and »M their
imaginations agjiiitl mp. t>am. iii. 6o. •

4. An unfolid or f^mcifiil opinion.

We are apt tolhink that fpjcc, in itfclf, i» aflu- ^
ally bou.KHefs ; to which imaginalioK, the iJca of^
fpacc, 6t itfclf, Itads il». r Lorke. 1

.Jma'ginative. rtiijf. \tmag)nnt'f, Fr. from
'^ imagine. \ Faiitaulck ; full cf imagina-
tion.. ■ ■■'■■•;■■ I
Witches are imtginativt, and believe oft times
' they do tiui: which ihcy do not. Harm.'
Lay feilcrs and rellraiols upon the imngirjtive
and fantaflick p.irt, becaure our f.incy is uluatly
plcafed with the entertainment of IhaJows and gauds.
Taylor's Rale cf living holy.
To IMAGINE, -v. a', {imnginer, French;

imaginor, Lat.]
\, To fancy ; to paint in the mind.

Look whjt notes and garments he doth give thee,
" Bring them, I pray thee, with /wa^/nVfpeed.

Shahfp.
Prefcnt fears
Are lefs thin horrible /«/a^/«/'*g». Shahfpearr.

What aie <5ur ideas of eternity and immenfuy
but the repealed additions of certain ideas oi int'i-
gined parts of duration and expanlion, with the in-
Jinity of number, in which we can come to no end
of addition? Locke.

2. To fcheme to contrive.

They intended evil againfl thee, they Imagined a
mifchievous device. ^. xxi. 11.

Ima'giner. »./. [from ;OT/7f»w.] One who
forms ide^s.

The juggler took upon him to know that fiict an
one (hould point in fuch a place of a garter that was
held' up; and ftill he did it, by firll telling the
imtgi/ter, and after bidding the aSor tltink.

Bacm.

Jmbe'cile. adj. [imlecilts, Lat. imbecile,
Fr.J Weak ; feeble ; wanting ftrength
of either mind or body.

To Imbe'ch.f. -v. a. [from the adjeftive.
This word is corruptly written emLezz,le.'\
To weaken a ftock or fortune by clan-
deftine expences or unjuft appropria-
tions.

Princes muft in a fpeciil manner be guardians of
pupils and widows, not luffcring their pcrfons to be
epprcfled, or their ftates imbeciled.

Taylor's Rule cf living holy,
Imbeci'lity. ». /. [imiecl/ite, French.]
Weaknefs ; feeblcnefs of mind or body.

A weak and in^rle<fl rule argueth imbccilily and

imperfci^lion. Honker.

No ;Wff;7//y of means can prejudice the truth of

the promifc of Cod herein. Hooker.

We that are llrong mul^ bear the imheciliiy of the

impotent, and not pleafcojrfelves. Htoker.

Thatwjy we are contented to prove, which, being

the worfe initfelf, is notwiihllandipg now, by realon

•f common imbecility, the httcr and likelier to be

b rooked. Hooker.

Strength would be lord of imbeciily.
And the rude (on would ftiike his father dead.

Shakjpeare.
Imiecillty, for fet and age, was fuch as ihey
•ould not lift up a hand agaiolt them.

King Charles.

When a man was fallen, and had abandoned his

primitive innocence, allrange ;'miff///yi immediately

Iciacd and Ijid hold of him. If-iodward.

yi IMBl'BE. T.^. [imliiio,Litia; imbiifr.

French.]
1. Todr'iikin; to draw in.

A pot of alhes will receive more hot water than
<oldi forjfmuih as the warm water imhibeth moie
•f the fait. Hroivn.

The torrent meic'ilefs imiibes
Commidions, pcnjuiCites, and bribes. Sv/ifi,

iJumin'd wide,
Th* dewy-fkirled clouds imbibe the fun.

Thompn't Autumn.

%, To admit into the mind.

I M B

Thofe, that hive imbibed this error, have extend-
ed the influence of this belief to. ths wliole gofpel,
which th?y^will not allpw to contain i^njr thing but
|<t»*ifc«. •' ' ti.iKtmr.nd.

It is noteafy for the mind to put off Ihofe confufed
notions and prejudiccs'il has imbibed from tullom.

JLicke.

Ponverfation with foreigners enlarges our minds,
idi ftr^'thrm frte from many prejudices we are ready
to imbibe concerning them. IVistts.

3. To drench; tofaturate; to foak. This
fenfe, though unufual, perhaps unexam-
pled, is neccffary in Englifh, unlefs the
word imtue be adopted, which our wri-
ters fecm not willing to receive.

Metals, corroded with a little aciJ, turn info ruft,
which is an earth tatlelefs and indilfolvable in water;
and this earth, imbibed with niorc acid, becomes a
metallickfalt. ' Ne-u.'ion.

Imbi'ber. »./. [({omimhibe.'\ Th.it which
drinks or fucks.
Saltsare Ihong imbibers of fulphufeous fleams.

Arbu!hnot.

Imbibi'tion. n. f. \imbihiliou, Fr. from
imbibe.} The ad ot fucking or drinking
in.

Moft powders grow more coherent by mixture of
water than of oil: the reafon is the congruilyol bo-
dies, wliich maketh a perfeder imbibition and in-
corporation. Bacon.

Heat and cold have a virtual tranfition, without
comiiTunication of fubllauce, but in moilture not ;
and to all madefadtion there is required an imbibition.

Biicon.

A drop of oil, let fall upon a flieet of white
paper, that part of it, which, by the imbibition
of the' rnjuor, acquires a greater continuity and fome
tranl'parcncy, will appear much darker than the tell ;
many of the incident beams of light being now
ttanfmitted, tliat otherwil'e would be refleded.

Boyle.

•To Imbi'tter, 'V. a. [from bitter.']

1. 'i'o make bitter.

2. ^lo deprive of pleafure; to make un-
happy.

Let them extinguilh their paSions which iwbittcr
their lives, aiid deprive them 01 their iharc in the
happiuefsof the community. Adji/bn's I'rechoider.

Is there any thing that more imbilters the enjoy-
ments of this life than (hame ? Stuih.

^. To exafperate.

To I.mbo'dy. "ii. a. [from boJj.l

i . To condenfe to a body.

2. To inveft with matter; to make corpo-
real.

An opening cloud reveals
An hcav'nly form imbody'd, and array*d
With robcsof light. Drydtn.

Though alTiduity in the mod fixed cogitation be
no trouble to immaterializcd fpirits, yet is it moie
than our imbodied fouls can bear without lalUlude.

Glanv. Sccffis.

3. To bring together into one mafs or com-
pany ; to incorporate.

1 by vow am fo imbodied yours.
That (lie which marries you mull marry me. Shak.

Never fincc created, man
Met fuch imbodied force, as nam'd with thefe,
Could merit more than that fmall infantry
Warr'd on by cranes. ~ Milton's Parudift J^ofi.

Under their head imbody'd 2X\\t\o\\t. Aiiltun.
Then Claufus came, who led a numerous band
Of troops imbodied, from the Sabine land.

Dfydtn's /E.n.

4,. To inclofe. Improper.

In ihofc ftrata we fliall meet with the fame metal
or mineral /m^c^/W in (lone, ur lodged in coal, that
clfcwherc we found in marie. IVoodtvard.

To I M BODY. 1). ». To unite into one mafs;
to coSlefce.

The foul grows clotted by contagion,
Ipibodies and imbrutes, 'till fhe qiitc lofc
The diyinc f ro,ertj ol her lirfl being. M-lttn-

I M B

The idea of white which fnow yielded yeftcrd y»

and another idea of white from another fnow to-day*

put together in your mind, imbody and run iniodne.

f tocke.

To Imbo'ii.. t>. n. [from /'o//.] To ex-
cftuate ; to cfFervefce; to iiiove with
violent agitation like hot liquor in a
caldron. Not now in ufe.

With uhofe repronch and odious menace.
The knight im'i^oiting\r\ his haughty heart.
Knit all his forces, and *gan foon unbrace, -
His grafping hold. Fairy ^eetr.

To Imbo', DEN. 1;. ei. [from ioJ,i.] To raife
to confidence ; to encourage.
*Tis necelVary he fhould die :
Nothing im oldens tin fo much as mercy. Sbakfp.
I think mylclf in better plight for a. lender than
you arc, the which hath fometliing imholdtned me to
this uiifcalisned iiitrufion. Sii.ikrfp.

I was the more imboldened, becaufe I found I h.t4
a foul congenial to his. IhydeK.

• Nor flight was left, nor hopes to force his way ;
Imbolden'd by defpair, he flood at bay. Dryden,
Their virtues and fuperiorgenius/'/w^o/i/fffrf'*/ them,
in great exigencies of flate, to attempt theferviccof
their prince and country out of the common forms.

Swift.
To Imbo'som. -u. a. [from b/cm]
I . To hold on the bofom ; to cover fondly
with the folds of one's garment ; to hide
under any cover.

The Father infinite.
By whom in blit's imtifom'di^t the Son. Milton,

Villages //»'o/&OT*i/foftin trees.
And fpiry towns by furging columns mark'd.

Thomfon,

z. To admit to the heart, or to affeftion.

But glad defire, his late im' ofjm'd^ut^.
Yet but a babe, with milk of fight he nurlV, Sidney*

Who glad t' imhofom his aflc£lion vile.
Did ail fhe might, more plainly to appear. F. ^,

'ro Imbo'und. a;, a. [from bou/ii/.] To in-
clofe; to fliut in.

That fweet breath.
Which was imbounded in this beauteous chy. Sbak,

To Imbo'w. v. a, [itom honu.] to arch; to
vault.

Prince Arthurgave a box of diamond fure,
lmbov;ed with gold and gor^^eous ornament. F. ^,

Imbo^ved wtu^iows be pretty retiring places for
conference; they keep both tlie wind and fun off.

Bactit,

Let my due feet never fail
To walk the fludious cloiller's pale.
And love the high imbotved roof.
With antick pillar malTy proof. Milten,

Imbo'wment. n.f. [from /mistt;.] Arch;
vault.

The roof all open, not fo much as any imbotw

ment near any of the walls left. Ba-cn,

To Imbow'er. 1;. a. [from icat^T.] To

cover with a bower; to (helter with trees.

And flouping thence to Waa'simbo-wering walks.

In fpotlefs i^eace retired. 'Ihomfon.

To Imbr a'kc L E. f. a. To intangle. A low
word.

With fublle cobweb cheats
They're catch'd in knotted law, like nets;
In which, when once they ase imbrangied.
The more they ftir, the more they're tangled.

Hudibras,

1'mbricated. <3tij. [from />«^rf;ir, Latin.]
Indented with concavities ; bent and hol-
lowed like a roof or gutter-tile.

Imbrica'tion. n.f. [^imbrex, Latin.] Con-
cave indenture.

All is guarded with a well-made tegument, a-
domed with neat imbrications, and many other
fineries. Derbam,

To Imdro'wn. t). a. [from broian.\ To
make brown i to daikenj toobfcure; to
cloud,

Whtrt

I M I

Where the morning fun firft warmly fmote
The open ficM, anil where iH? unp'rerc'd ihaic
ImiroiLH'J'h^ noonuJe bow'rs. Afihon,

The foot grows black, that was with dirt im-

And in tliy rocket giiigling Ba'"pence found. Gjj.

Anoth;r3£e rtiall fee the golden car
Tmbrvwn t'le Uopc, and nod on the parterre. Pt^pf,

bnbrovii^d •liv^ native bronze, lo! Henly ftands.

P<.pc.

To Imbrv'e. v. a. [rrom in and hru:.'\
1. To fteep; to foak ; to wet much or
long. This fcems indifferently written
with in or em. I have fullaineJ both
modes of writing.

Thou mad'rt many hearts to bleed
Of mighty vitlor--, with vide wounds tmbru*d.
And by thy cruel dart^ tu thee fubduM. Spenfcr,

There ftreams a fpring of blood fo fail
From thole deep wounds, as iiXtmiru^ti the face
Of that accurfed caitiff. Danid'j Civil fV.ir.

The mercilefs Turks, emhrueJ \<^\M the Chrif-
tian blood, were wtary of flaught-r, and began
greedily to fcek after the fpoil. KnolUs.

At me, as at a mark, his bow he drew,
•Whofe arrows in my blood their wings imbrue.

SanJys,
Lucius pities the ofTenders,
That would imbrue their hands in Cato's Blood.

Addifin.

Lo ! ihefe hands in murder arc lmbrv''dy
Thofe trembling feet by juftice are purfu'd. Prior.

There, where two waj'S in equal pans divide, -i
The diretul monfter from a far defcry'd >

Two bleeding babes depending at her fide ; J

Whofe piniing vitals, warm with lite, Hie draws.
And in their hearts emiruet hercruel claws. Pofe,

His virgin fword i^gyllhus* veins imbrit*d\
The murd'rer fell, and blood aton'd fof blood.

Po{,e.

A good man chufes rather lo pafs by a verbal in-
jury than imbru«h\% hands in blood. Clur:Jftt,
3. '1 'o pour ; to emit moillure. Obfolete.

Some bathed kilTes, and did oft imbrue
The fugar'd liquor through his melring lips. F. Q,

To Imbru'te. -v. a. [from brute.'\ To
degrade to brutality.

1, who erft contended
With gods to fit the higheO, am now conftrain'd
Into a beall ; and mi< with bcDial (lime.
This efience to incarrute and imirute. Milton,

To Imbku'te. v. n. To £iiik down to bru-
tality.

The foul grows clotted I^ contagion,
ImbodiesanJ imiruiei, 'lilt (he quite lofe
1 he divine pto^rty of her hrtt being. Milton.

ToImbu'e. f. a. [irnbuo, Latin. This
word, which feems wanting in our lan-
guage, has been propofed by feveral wri-
tirs, but not yet adopted bv the reft.
Imlu, French, the participial adj. is
only ufed.] To tinduredeep; to im-
bibe or foaic with any liquor or die.

I would render this Ireatife intelligible to every

rational man, however little verfed in fcholallick

learning; among whom 1 espetl it will have a

fairer pallage, than among thofe that arc deeply

imbued with other principles. Digby.

Clothes which have once been thoroughly imbued

with black, cannot well afterwards be dyed into

lighter colour. Bryte.

Where the mineral matter is great, fo as to take

ibe eye, the body appears imbued and tiiiftured w ith

the colour. H^ctJvard.

9'o Imbu'rse. -v. a. [bour/f, French.]

To ftock with money. '1 his fliould be

tmburff, from emloiirfer, Fr.

Imitabi'i.ITV. ft. f. [imilnbilit, Latin.]

The quality of being imitable.

According to the mnUitjrioufnefs of this imiia-
tllily, foare thepollibiliiies of being. Nurrlt.

I'm I TABLE, ndj. [imitabilii, Latin; imita-
blt, French.]

I M M

1. Worthy to be imitated; deferving to be
copied.

Ho-.v could the mod bafe men, and feparate from
all imiulh qualities, attain to honour but by an ob-
fervant {lavifh courfe ? Raleigh.

As aSs of parliament are not regarded by moll
iw:V.ii/ir writers, 1 account the relation of them im-
projjcr for hiltory. Haywjrd.

2. Poflible to be imitated ; within reach of
imitation.

The charadlers of men placed in lower ftations

of life, are more ufeful, as being imitable by greater

numbers. Atterbwy

To I'm I TATE. V. a. \^imitor, Latin ; imiter,

French.

1. To copy; to endeavour to refemble.

We imitate and prjftife to make fwifter motions
thananyoutof your mulkets. Bacon.

Defpife wealth and imitate a god. Coiuley.

I would carefs fome liable man of note.
And imitate his language and his coat. Man of7aJle.

2. To connterfeit.

This handappear'd alhlning fword to wield.
And ihatfullain'dan imitated (hield. Dryden's j^n.

3. To purfue the courfe of a compofition.
fo as to u^e parallel images and examples.

For ihame I what imitate an ode ! Gay.

Imita'tion. a. /. [«w//c//i', Latin ; imila-

ti n, French.]
!. The ad of copying ; attempt to refemble.

2. That which is offered as a copy.

Since a true knowledge of nature gives us plea-
fure, a lively imiiaiicn of it, either in poetry or
painting, mudl produce a much greater i for both
thefe arts are not only true imitations of nature,
but of the beft nature. Diyden,

3. A method of trandating loofer than pa-
raphrafe, in which modern examples and
illuftrations are ufed for ancient, or do-
meltick for foreign.

In the way of imitation, the tranflator not only
vuies from the words and fenfe, but forfakes them
as he fees occafion ; and, taking only fome general
hints from the original, tuns divifion on tlie ground-
work. Drydcn.

I'lun ATIVE. adj. [/W/a/Auw, Latin.]

1. Inclined to copy; as, Manis an /W/<2.'/ii<-
being.

2. Aiming at refemblance; as. Painting is
an imi, alive art.

3. Formed after fome original.

This temple, lefs in form, with equal grace.
Was imilaiiie of the firft in Thrace. Dryden.

Lmita'tor. tt. /. [Latin; imitaleur, Fr.]
One that copies another; one that en-
deavours to refemble another.

Imiiaten are but a fervile kind of cattle fays the
pott- DryJtn.

Immaculate, adj. [immacu/atui, Latin ;
immacule, French.]

1. Spotlefs ; pure ; undefiled.

To keep this commandment immaculate and
blamclefs, wai to teach thegofpelot Chiill. Hooker.

His wolds are bonds, his oiili? are oracles ;
His love fiiiCeie, his thoughts iamaculjtc. Shaltefp.

The king, whom catholicks count a fiint-likc
and immucuUte prince, was taken away in the flower
of li" "ge. Bacon.

Were but my foul as pure

From other guilts as that, Heav'n did not hold
One more immaculate. Denbam'i Hopliy.

2. Pure ; limpid.

Thou clear, immaculate, and filver fountain.
From whence this ftteam, tli-ough miid'iy palfages,
Haih had his current and dehlj himfell. .Vij<ry .
To Imma'nali.k. -v. a. [from manacle. {
To fetter ; to confine.

Thou can'ft not touch the freedom of my mind
With all liiv charms, although tills cotporal rind
Thou haft /««M«.if/V, Miiton.

I M M

Imma NE. a^. [/«OT/7wrV, Latin.] Vaft;

prodigioufly great.
I'mmanent. adj. [immarent , French; /«
and OTr:^rM, Latin.] Intrinfick; inherent ^
internal.

Judging the infinite effence by our narrow felves,
weafcribe intelleaions, volitions,- and fuch like im-
manent anions to that nature which hath 3.othing
in common with us. Glxnville.

Wh.it he wills and intends once, he willed and
intended from all eternity; it beiii^giofsly contrary
to ihe very fiift notions we have of "the infinite per-
fedlions of the Divine Nature to Hate or fuppofe any
new/«wawf«adin God. South.

Imma'nifest. aj'/. [in mi manif'Ji.'] Not
manifell ; not plain. Not in ufe

A time not much unl.l;; that which was before
time /m/fuw^'.;/? and unkjio.vn. Brou'n's Fulg. F.rr.

Imma'nity. ti. /. [immani.as.LM.] Bar-
barity; fav.igenefs.

It was both impious and unnatural.
That fuch immanity and bloody llrife
Should reign among piofeffors ot one faith. Hhak-ff.

Immarce'ssible. adj. \in and marcejco,
Latin.] Unfading. Dia..

Imma'rtial. adj. [/« and OTflr//fl/.] Not
warlike.

My pow'rs are unfit, .
MyMi imm.triial. Chapman' t Odyjfey.

To Imma'sk. 11. a. Sjit and majk.^ To
corer; to difguife.

1 have cafes of buckram for the nonce, to Immajk.

our noted outward garments. .9i6«,{i^/.<'ar'j Henry Vi.

Immatj;'ri AL. adj. \immaleriel, F"rench; /»

and materia. Latin.]
I. Incorporeal; diftinft from matter ; void,
of matter.

Angels are fpirits immaterial and intelleiaual, the
glorious inhabitants of thofe facred palaces, where
there is nothing but light and immortality ; no-
(hadowof matter for tears, difcontentmenis, griefs,-
and uncoraforuble paffions to work upon; but ail
joy, tranquillity, and peace, even for ever and ever,,
tlowell.. Hool<er..

As tlien the foul a fubftance hath alone,
Bclides the body, in which Ihe is confined ;

So h.ilh Jhe not a body of her own.
But is a (pint, and immaterial miud. Davies.

Thofe immaterial felicities we expefl, fuggelt the
necefiity of preparing our appetites, without which
heaven can be no heaven 10 us. Decay of Piety.

No man that owns the exigence of an infinite
fpiritcan doubt of the puflibility of a finite fpirit;
that is, fuch a thing as is immaterial, and does not
contain any principle of corruption. Tillotfin.

2. Unimportant; without weight ; imper-
tinent; without relation. Thisfenfehas
crept into the converfation and writings
of barbarians; but ought to be utterl/
rjjefted.
iMMATERtA'LlTY. ti./. [from immateriaW^ .
Incorporeity ; diftinftnefs from body or
matter.

When we know cogitation is the prime attribute-
of a fpi/it, we infer its immateriality, and thence its
immortality. JTatts.

Immate'rially. adv. \Jtom immaterial. '\
In a manner not depending upon matter.

The vifible fpecies of things liriLc not our fenfes

Immaterially; butftrcaming in corporal rays do carry

wiih them the qualities of the objed from whence

they flow, and the medium thiough which they pafs.

Brolvn't f^ulgar Errours. .

Immate'ri ALizED. adj. [ffom «« and OT/7-
leria, Latin. Diftind from matter ; in- ■
corporeal.
Though .ifliduity in the moft fixed cogitation bt •

no trouble to immaterializ,id fpirits, yet is it more
than our embodied fouls can bear without l.iffitudc.

Clatti'. Scipjii.

1mm atk'--

I M M

I M M A T E 'r I A L !» E s 1. «./. [ from immattrial.y^

Diftinftnefs from matter.
Immate'riatk.«<//. [in ?iVii. rmleria, Lat.]

Not confiding of matter ; incorporeal ;

wanting body.

It U a virtue which may be called incorporeal
«pd immateriule, whereof there be in nature but few.

Sjcox.

After » long enquiry of things immerfe in matter,
I inttrpolc fume objea which is immalerlaie, or lefs
niatcriale; fuch as this of founds. Bacoir.

IMMATU'RE. adj. [/w»i«/«r«;, Latin.]

1 . Not ripe.

2. Not perfeft; not arrived at fulnefs or
completion.

The land enterpriie of Panama was an ill mei-
fured and immaturt counfel, grounded upon a talle
account, that the pafiageswere no better fortified than
©ralte had left them. Bacon.

This is your lime for faflion and debate.
For partial favour, and permilicj hate :
Let now your immature dilVenfion ceafe.
Sit quiet. Drydm.

3. Hafty; early; come to pafs before the
natural time.

We are pleafed, and call not that death immature,
"if a man lives 'till feverity. r,:ylor.

Im matu'rely . ad'v. [itoxtiimmalur<-'-] Too
foon ; too early ; before ripenefs or com-
pletion.
I M M A T u 'r E N E s s . 1 ». /. [from immature. ]
Immatu'ritv. J Unripenefs; incora-
• pletenefs; a ftate fliort of completion.
I might reafonably expcft a pardon Irom tlic in-
genious for faults committed iu an immaturity ot age
and judgment. Glan-utUe.

Immeabi'lity. n. f. \iinmealilis, Latin.]
Want of power to pafs. So it is u fed in
the example; but it is rather, incapability
of affording paifage.

From ihis phlegm proceed white cold tumours,
vifcidity, and confequenlly immeability of the juices.

Arliutbnat.

Immea'surable. adj. [in and mfti/ttre.]
Immenfe; not to be mcafured; indefinite-
ly extenfive.

Churches reared up to an height immttifurabte,
and adorned with far more beauty in their refto-
ration than their founders before had given them.

Hiitker.
From the fliore
They view'd the vail immeafuraHe abyfs.
Outrageous as a fea, dark, warteful, wild. Milttn.

ImmcafurabU ttreogth they might behold
.In me, ot wifdom nothing more than mean. Mihan
What a glorious (liow arc thofc beings entertained
' with, that can fee fuch ticmeiidous objetfls wander-
■ ing through thofe immeajurahie depths of etlier !

AddiJ'ou*i Guardian.
Nor friends are there, nor velVcIs to convey.
Nor oars to cut ih' immca/urjl/e wny, I'aft's Odyjf.
Immea'surably. adi: [ from immta/uralle. ]
Immenfely ; beyond all meafurc.
The Spaniards immtaftiraUy \>tv^i\ their dead.

Spenfcr.

There ye fliall be fed, and fill'd

Immeafurakly; all thmgS IIjjU be your prey. Mitf.n.

Im m ecu a'niC ai.. ndj. [in and mechnnical.\

Not according to the laws of mechanicks.

We have nothing to do to (how any thing that
is immahanical, or not according to the cftablilhcd
laws of nature. Chryitt.

Nolliing will clear* head poffelTed with immccba-
nical notions. Muid

I.mme'diacy. »./. [from /wmci/w/f.] Per-
fonal greatnefs ; power of afting without
depcndancc. '1 his is a harfh word, and
fenfe jieculiar, I believe, to Shahfpeare.

He led our pow'rs.
Bore the commilCon of my place and perfon,
The vi\i\<^ iir.mtdiacy may well ftand up.
And call itfclt your broUui. Sbaltiff. King Lear.

I M M

Imme'diate. adj. Ummcdiat, French; in
and mtdiits, Liitin.J

1. Being in fuch a ftate with rcfpeft to
fomcthing elfe as that there is nothing
between them; proximate; with nothing
intervening.

Mofes mentions the /»i»i<-i//arf caufesof the deluge,
the rains and the waters ; and St. Peter mentions
the more remote and fundamental caufes, that confti-
tution of the heavens. Burrut.

2. Not afting by fecond caufes.

It is much to be afcribed to the Immediate vnW
of Cod, who giveth and takeih away beauty at his
pleafure. Jbboi.

3. Inftant ; prefent with regard to time.
Prior therefore (hould not have written

■ more immediate.

Immediate arc my needs, and my relief,
Muft not be toil and turn'd to me in words,
But iind fupply immediate. S6aie/f. Timoti.

Death denounc'd that day.
Which he prefumes already vain, and void,
Becaufc not yetinflifled, as he fear'd.
By fome immfdiatr ftroke. Milton's Paradi/e Loft.

But (he, howe'cr of vifl'ry furc.
Contemns the wreath too long delay'd;

And arni'd with more immediate pow'r,
Calls cruel filence to her aid. Trior.

Imme'diately. ad-'j^ [from immediate.']

1 . Without the intervention of any other
caufe or event.

God's acceptance of it, either immediately by
himfclf, or mediately by the hands of the bilhop,
is that wliich veils the whole property of a thing in
God. Soutli.

2. Inftantly ; at the time prefent ; without
delay.

Her father hath commanded her to flip
Away with flcuder, and with him at Eaton
Imtiiediately to marry. Shakefpeare.

Im m e'di ateness. ». /. [from immediate.']

1. Prcfence with regard to time.

2. Exemption from fecond or intervening
caufes.

IM^iE'DICABLE. ff.y/. [immedicabtlis , Lat.]
Not to be Iwaled; incurable.

My griefs ferment and rage,
Nor Ids than wounds immedicable.
Rankle and feller, and gangrene
To black mortification. Milton's Agortiftes.

Imme'morable. (la)'. [immemoralilis, Lat.]

Not worth remembering.
I M M E M o'r I A L . adj. [immemorial, French ;
/'// and memcria, Latin.] Faft time of
memory ; fo ancient that the beginning
cannot be traced.

All the laws of ihis kingdom have fome memorials
in writing, yet all have not their original in writing;
for fome obtained their fjrce hy immemorial ufaje or
cuiVom. Hale.

By a long immtm'jrial pratHicc, and prcfcription
of an aged thorough-paced hypocrify, ihcy come to
believx that for a rcjlity, which, at firrt praOice
of it, they themfelves knew to be a cheat. Sautli.
IMMENSE, adj. [immenje, Fr. immenfus,
Lat.] Unlimited; unbounded; infinite.

Ogoodnefs infinite ! goodnefs immenfe!
That all this good of evil fli.ill produce ! Milton.

As intiuite duration hatlt no relation unto motion
and lime, fo infinite or immenfe elTence huh no
relation unto body; but is a thing diitinCl from
all corporeal maer.itude, wliich we aiean wlien wc
fpeak of immenfity, and of God as of au iimienfe
being. Crc-u:.

Immk'msfly. adf. [from immenfe.] In-
finitely; without meafure.

Wc ihall find that the void fpace of our fyftem is
immenfely bigger than ail its corporeal mafs. iientley.

Im.vi e'nsity. ». /. [imthenjite, French.]
UnbownJcd, grcatnefs; infinity.

I M M

By the po^ver we find in ourfclvei of repeallnf, at
often as we will, any idea of fpace, we get the idea
of immen/ity. Locke.

He that will confider the /wMfw^/yof thisfabrick,
and the great variety that is to be found in this in-
conliderable part of it which he has to do with, tiuy
think that in other manfions of it there may be other
and difierent intelligent beings, Loclu.

All thefe illullrious worlds,
And millions which the glafi can ne'er defcry,
I.oft in the wilds of valt immenfity.
Are funs, are centers. Btackmore's Crealim.

Immensuradi'litv. n. f. [itom immeit'
fnrable.] Impoflibility to be meafured.

Imme'nsurable. adj. [in and menfura-
bills, Latin.] Not to be meafured.

To Imme'rge. "v.a. [immergo, Latin.] To
put under water.

Imme'rit. n. /. [immerito, Latin.] Want
of worth ; want of defert. This is a
better word than demerit which is now
ufed in its ftead.

When I receive your lines, and find there exprel^
fions of a pallion, reafoa and my own immirit tell me
it mull not be for me. Suckling,

TbImme'rse. -v. a. [immer/us, Latin.]

1. To put under water.

2. To fink or cover deep.

He ftood
More than a mile immers'd within the wood;
At once the wind was laid. Dryden.

They obferved that they were immtrfd in tlieir
rocks, quarries, and mines, iii the fame manner as
they ait at this day found in all known parts of the
world. _ IVoiidtvarJ.

3. To keep in a ftate of intelletflual de-
preflion.

It is a melancholy rcfle^lion, that our country,
which, in times of pcpery, was called the nation of
faints, (hould now have lefs appearance of religion
in it than any other neighbouring ftate or kingdom ;
whether they be fuch as continue (lill immerftd in th«
errors of the church of Rome, or luch as are recovered
out of them. Addifun'i Freeh,

Wc are prone t* engage ouifelves with the bu.
finefs, the pleafures, and the amafements of this
world : we give ourfelves up too greedily to the pur-
fuit, and immerfe ourfelves too deeply in the en-
joyments of them, Alterbury,

It is impollible to have a lively hope in another

life, and yet be deeply immerfed in the enjoyments

of this. Atterbury,

Imme'rse. adj. [immerfiu, Latin.] Buried;

covered ; funk deep.

After long inquiry of things immerfe in matter, I
intcrpofe fome objeift which is immateriate, or left
materiatc ; fuch as this of founds, that the inlcllcA
may become not partial. HactH.

Im m e'rsion, n.f. [immerjio, Latin ; immer-
Jion, French.]

1. The aft of putting any body into a
fluid below the furface.

Achilles's mother is faid to have dipped him,
when he was a child, in the river Styx, which
made him invulnerable all over, excepting that
part which the mother held in her hand dutinp, this
immerfton. Addifon's Gutirdi.ln*

2. The ftate of finking below the furface
of a fluid.

3. The ftate of being overwhelmed or loft
in any rcfpcft.

Many pcrfons, who, through llie hcatof their lufts
and pailions, through the coiitag;on of ill exaiiiple, or
too deep an immeijicn in the aifairs of Itlc, (wcrvc
from (he rules of their holy iaiih ; yet would, upon
extraordinary warning, be bioughc to comply wiiij
them. Alterbury.

Immetho'uicaL. adj. [;»and melhcdicnl.]
Conftifed; being without regularity; be-
ing without memod.

M. Baylc comp.ires the anfwering of an imme-
: thUieal aulhoi to tlie bunting of a duck: when

yon

I M M

you h«e him full in your fight, he givej you the
flip, and beeomes invifible. Adiifox.

Immetho'dically. adv. [from immetho-
dical.^ Without meti.od ; without or-
der.

I'mminence. n.f. \itom imminent. \ Any
ill impending ; immediate or near dan-
ger. A word not in ufe.

- 1 do not fpealc of flight, of fear, of death j
But dare all imminence^ that gods and men
AJdrcfs their dangers in. Sbakefp.

IMMINENT, adj. [imminent, Fr. im-
minens, Latin.] Impending ; at hand ;
threatening. Always in an ill fenfe.

What -da/igers at any time arc immine/it, what
evils hang over our heads, God doth know, and not
we. Hooker.

Three times to-day
You have defended me from imminent death.

Shakefpeare.
Thefe (he applies for warnings and porceats
Of evils imminent ; and oa her knee
Hath begg'd, that I will flay at home to-day.

Sbakrfpeare .^
To them preach 'd
Converfion and repentance, as to fouls
In prifon, under judgments /mw///c«r. Milton.

Men could not fail without imminent danger and
inconveniencies. Fope,

To I M M I N G L E , "v-a. [/« and mingle. '[ To
mingle; to mix; to unite.

S<)me of us, like thee, through llormy life
ToiI'd, tempeft-biaten, ere we could attain
This holy calm, this harmony of mind.
Where purity and peace immingli charms.

Thomfon,
Imminu'tion.»./. [itom imminuo, Latin.]
Diminution ; decreafe.

Thefe revolutions are as exaflly uniform as the
earth's are, which could not be, were there any
place for chance, and did not a Providence continu-
ally overfte and fecure them from all alteration or
imminution . Ray or. ibe Creation.

iMMisciBi'i.iTV. n.f. [from immiydi/e.]

Incapacity of being mingled.
Immi'slible. rtJJ. [in and mi/cible.l Not
capable of being mingled. Clarijfa.

Immi'ssion. n. J. [immijfio, Latin.] '1 he

aft offending in ; contrary to emiflion
To Immi't. nj. n '

fend it.
To Immi'x. n.;
ruingle.

Samfon, with ihefe immixt, inevitably
PuU'd down the fame dcftrucliou on himfelf.

Milton.
I M M I X A B L F . adj. [in and mi.x.'\ Im|K>fli-
ble to be mingled.

Fill a glafi fphere with fuch liquors as may be
clear, of the fame colour, miimmixuble. H'ii'kiim.

Immobi'litv. n.f. [immoLilite, French^
from immahilis, Latin.] I'nmoveablc-
nefs ; want of motion ; refiltance to mo-
tion.

The courfe of fluids through the vafcular falids
mul> in lime harden ilic fibres, and abolifh many
of the canals j (rom whence drinefs, weakuefs. Im-
munity, and debility of the vital force.
...... .__ AiliulhKil on Alimenli,

IMN;0'DERATE. adj. [immodere, Fr. im-
moderniut, T.at.J Excefijvc; exceeding

[immillo, Latin.]
[in and mix."]

To
To

the due mean.

<)r.t mejns, very eflHbal for the pteferration of
health, is a quiet and cheerful inind, not affliflcd
with violent pilTiOfis, or dirtraard with itmir.dtrate
'•""^'' ^^ fn the Creation.

Immo D£R at ELY. ad-v. [from immoderate,]
In an exceflive degree.
Immdenteiy (he weeps for Tybalt's death.

lil>alnffetre.

I M M

The heat weakened more and more the arch of
the earth, fucking cut the moillure that was the
cement of its parts, drying it immoderately, and
chapping it. Burnet's Theory.

Immodera'tion. n.f. [immoderation, Fr.
from immoderate,] Want of moderation ;
excefa.

Immo'dest. adj. [immodefte, Fr. in and
Tnoi'eft.]

1. Wanting fhame ; wanting delicacy or
chaftity.

She railed at hetfelf, that (he (hould be fo im-
modeji to write to one that (he knew would flout her.

Sbakefpcare.

2. Unchafle; impure,

Immodeji deeds you hinder to be wrought;
But we f roletibe the leaft immodeji thought. Dryd.

3. Obfcene.

'Tis needful that the moft immodrfi word
Be look'd upon and learn 'd j which once attain'd,
Cjo-cs to no farther ufe
But to be k ^\\n and hated. Shakefpeare

ImmodcJi wvrds admi t of no defence.
For want of decency is want of fehle. Rofeommon.

I M M

4.. Unreafonable; exorbitant; arrogant.

Immo'desty. n. f. [immodepe, Fr. from

imm'Jefi,'] Want ofmodefty ; indecency.

It was a piece of immodtjiy. Pupe

To l'MMt)LATE. -v. a. [immclo, Lat. im'-
moler, Fr.]

1. To facrifice ; to kill in facrificfe.

Thefe courtiers, of applaufe being oftentimes re-
duced to live ill want, thefe collly trifles fo engrofling
all that they can fpare, that they frequently enough
are forced to /«wo/<j«theirown ddiies to their vanitv.
_, Boyle.

2. To offer in facrilice.
Now iifmolate the tongues, and mix the wiiie.

Sacred to Neptune, and the pow'rj divine. Pope.

Immola'tion, n.f. [immolation, Yx. ham
immolate.]

1 . The aft of facrificing.

In the piflure of the immolation of Ifaac, or
Abraham faciilicing his fon, Ifaac is defcribed as a
littleboy. ^,.,.„,„.

2. A facrifice offered.

We make more barbarous immolations than the

moft favage heathens. Decay ofPiriy.

Im mo'm e NT. adj. [/wand moment.] Trifling;

of no importance or value. A barbarous

word.

I fome lady-triflcs have re fcrv'd,
Immomint loys, things of fiicli dignity
As we greet modern friends v.ith.il. Shalicfpeare.
Immo'ral. adj. [in ^nd moral.]

1. Wanting regard to the laws of natural
religion ; as, a flatterer ol' vice is an im-
m,rnl man.

2. Contrary to honefty; difhoneft : as,
deferlion of a calumniated friend is an
/VffCTsra/aftion.

Lv;s!ora'i.itv. n. f. [from immoral.] Dif-
honeily ; want of virtue ; contrariety to
virtue.

Such men are put intothecnmrniflionof the peace

who encourage the grolleft imm;raliiir,, to wh>m

all the bawds of the ward pay coniribution. S-.vifi.

IMMO'RI'AL. adj. [immcrla/i,;-Lat.]

I. Exempt from death ; being never to die.

To the king eternal, immoriai, invUib;?. the only

wife God, be glory for ever. tTim.'t, 17.

Her body fitc] s in Capulet's monument.
And her immr.ri.il pans wiih angels lives. .SiiairJi,.
There was an op. nion in grol.., tliat the foul \v.i»
immortal. AUut's Dfcription ofllje iVorl.l

The Haphian tjueen.
With gored hand, and veil fo rudely torn.
Like terrordid among th' immori.ih biccd,
Taught by her wound that goddtllci may bli-ed.

iValUr.

2. Never-ending ; perpetual.

Give me my robe, put on thy crown : I have
/wworM/ longings in me, Shakejpeare.

Immorta'lity. n. f. [immortalite, Fr.

from immortal.]
I. Exemption from death; life never to
end.

This corruptible (hall put on incorruptlon, and
this mortal, immortality. Corinth.

^mS immortality, and joy. Milton,'

He th' immortality ai ioM\s proclaim'd.
Whom th' oracle of men the wifeft nam'd.

Dentam.

His exiflence will of itfelf coniinue forever, unlefs
it be deihoyed; which is impollible, from the im-
mutability of God, and the nature of his immor-
lality. Cljryite.

When we know cogitation is the prime attribute
of a fpirit, we infer its immateriality, and thence its
immortaliy. IVatts.

z. Exemption from oblivion.
Immo'rtally. <7. •■. [from the adjeftivc.]

So as never to die.
■To Im mo'rtalize, v. n. [Immortalifer. Fr.

from immortal.]

1. To make immortal ; to perpetuate ; to
exempt from death.

For mortal things defirc their like to breed,
Thatlb they may their kind it*:mortali?:,e. Vuvier,

2. To exempt from oblivion.

Drive them from Orleans, and he immortali^'J.

^hakefpejre.

To Immo'rtai.ize. 'v. n. To become,
immortal. This word is, I think, pecu-
liar to Pope;

Fix the year precife.
When Biiiilh bards begin t* immortali-xe. Pope,

Immo'rtally. adv. [from immortal.]
With exemption from death ; without
end.

There is your crown ;
And he tliat wears the crown immortally.
Long guard it yours! Shakefp. HenryW .

What pity 'tis that he cannot wallow immortally
in his fenfual pleafures! BentUy.

ImmoVabLE. adj. [inT^.w^mo'veahle.]

1. Not to be forced from its place.

We (hall not queltion his removing the earth,
when he iinds an imrnuveable bafe to place his engine
upon. Hr'j-wfi.

2. Not liable to be carried away ; real in
law.

When .nn executor meddles wilh the immoveaUe
eltaie, before he has fcized on the moveable goods,
it may be then appealed from the execution of ie.-n-
tence. Aylijf'e's Parergon,

3. Unfhaken ; nnafTcfted.

How much happier is he, who, centring on him-
felf, remains immo-ur.:hle, and fmiles at tlie madDefs
of the dance about him ! Dryden,

Immo'vably. ff/.'V. [iroxn immoveable.] In
a fiate not to be (liaken.

Immtviahly firm to ihcir duty, when they could
have no profpetil of reward. Atterbury, ,

Immu'nity. ». /. [immunite, Fr. imiiiuui-
tas, Lat.]

I. Difcharge from any obligation.

Of things haimlcfs wharfcunr (here is, which
the whole church doth oblt^r\c, to argue for any m.ui's
immunity Irom obl'civing the fami;, it were a point
of mol> infolcnt m.idnefs. (looker.

z. riivilege: exemption from onerous dti-
ties.

Granting great immiimties tn the commons, ihey
prevailed fo lar as to caufc Palladius 10 be pro Liinud
lucccflbr. Sidney^

Sini'in fent to Remcinus, to the end he Ihou.d
give ihe land an immuni'y, btcjufe all that (Vvphun
did was to fpoil. \.M.ie.i(n. 34.

The bity invidioufly aggravate the rigliis iid im-
munities vi the clergy, Sprati't Strmoiis.

3. Freedom,

I M P

3, Freedom.

Common apprehenfions entertain the Jntidotal
condition of Ireland, conceiving only in that land
an immuftily from venomous creatures. Brown.

fut this annex'd condition of the crown,
Immunity from errors, you difown. Dryden.

T* Immu're. 'V. a. [it! and mtmti, Lat.
emmer, old French, fo that it might
be written emmure.l To inclofc within
walls ; to confine ; to fliut up ; to im-
prifon.

Pity, you ancient ftones, Aefe tender babes,
Whom envy hath immur'd vi\t)\\n your walls ! Shak.

One of Ihcfc contains her heav'nly piflure.
And (hall I think in filver (he's immur'J! Shat/f.
At the firft defcent on (hore he was not immured
with a wooden veflel, but he did countenance the land-
ing in his long-boat. JVotton,
Lyfimachus immur' J it with a wall. Sandys.
Though a foul foolilh prifon her Immure
On earth, (he, when cfcap'd, is wife and pure.

Denbam.

Immu'r-e. ». /. [from the verb.] A_wall;
an inclofure, as in Shake/peare, but per-
haps no where elfe.

Their vow is made-
To ranfack Troy ; within whofc ftrong immures
The ravilh'd Helen, Menelaus' queen,
With wanton Paris fleeps. Sbaltefj,eare.

Immu'sical. adj. [in and mujical.]
Inharmonious J wanting proportion of
found.

All founds are either mufical, which are ever equal,
or immujicai, which are ever unequal, as the voice
in fpeaking, and whifpcrings. Biico?t.

Wc conlider the immiijical note of all fwans we
ever beheld or heard of. Broivri.

Immutabi'i.ity. n. f. [immutahilitas, Lat.
immutabilite, Fr. from immutable.^ Ex-
emption from change ; invariablenefs ;
unchangeablenefs.

The ininiutalriliiy of God they ftrive unto, by

working after ojic and the fjmc manner. ' Hecjker.

Hisexiftcnce will of itfclf continue for ever, unlefs

it be dertroyed ; which is impofliblc, from the /m-

■ mulijii/'ry of Ciod. Cheyne.

IMMU'T.'^BLE. adj. [immutabilis, Lat.]

Unchangeable; invariable; unalterable.

By tv/o intKiutaiie things, in which it was im-
pofiible for God to lye, we have a ftrong confolation.

Heb, vi.
Thy threat'nings. Lord, as tliine, thou may 'ft
revoke ;
But if immutMe and fix'd they ftand.
Continue Hill thyfclf to give the ftrokc.
And let not foieign foes opprcls thy land. Dryden-
Immu'tably. ad'V, ixom immutable.^ Un-
alterably ; invariably ; unchangeably.
His love is like his elfcncc, immutably eternal.

Boyle.

Imp. «. /. [/»>/, Wcldi, a Ihoot, alj)rout,

a fprig.]
I. A fon ; the offspring ; progeny.

That noble imj> your fon.

Lnrd Cromtvell 10 Kiitf; Henry.
And thou, moft dreadful imp of higheft Jove,
lair Venus' fon. Fairy It^ueen.

The tender imf> was weaned from the teat.

FairJUx.
A laJ of life, an imp of fame. Sbukifp. Henry V.

a, A fubaltem devil ; a puny devil. In
this fcnfe 'tis ftill retained.

Such wc deny not to be the impt and limbs of
Satan. Hgek,

The ferpent after long debate, irrefolute
Of thoughts rcvblv'd, Jiis final fentence chafe,
Fitvcdcl, litlcrt /wi^of fr,iud, in whom
To enter, and his dark fuggcftions hide
trom (barpeft light. hUltm's Paradije Loft.

As foon as you can hear his knell,

Thisjod on earth turns d 1 ia hell;

And, I0I his minifters of ftate,

Transform'd to imps, his levee wait. Svi/i,

I M P

rilMP. f. /r. [imfio, to engraff, Wellh.]
To lengthen or enlarge with any thing
adfcititious. It is originally a term ufcd
by falconers, who repair a hawk's wing
with adfcititious fe.ithers.

If ilicn we fliall Ihake ofrour flavid; yoke.
Imp out our drooping country's broken wings.

Sbakefpeare,
New rebellions raife
Their hydra heads, and the falfc North difplays
Her broken league to imp her ferpent wings.

Milton.
Help, ye tartfatyrifts, to<w/imy rage '

With all the fcorpions that Ihould whip this age.

. Cleave!.
With cord and canvafs from rich Hamburgh font.
His navy's molted wings he imps once more. Dryd.

New creatures rile,
A moving mafs at Hrft, and (hort of thighs ;

'Till (hooting out with legs, and imp'd with

wings.
The grubs proceed to bees with pomtedftinge. ,

Dryden.'
The Mercury of heav'n, with filver, wings
Impt for the night, to overtake his gholV.

Southern.

ToImpa'ct. f. a, [impaclus, Lat.] To
drive clofe or hard.

They are angular ; but of what particular figure
is not eafy to determine, becaufe of their being im-
pacted fo thick and confufedly together,

Waodlvard an Fejflls.

To Impa'int. n}. a. [in SnA pai/tt-l To
paint; to decorate with colours. Not
in ufe.

Never yet did infurreflion want
Such water-colours to impttint his caufe.

Sbakefpeare.

To Impa'ir. 1'. a. [empirer, to make
worfe, French. Skinncr.'\ To diminilh ;
to injure; to make worfe; to leflen in
quantity, value, or excellence.

To change any fuch law, mull: needs, with the
common fort, impair and weaken the tbrce of thole
grounds whereby all laws are made effeflual.

Hooker,
Objefts divine
Mult needs impair^ and weary human fcnfc, Milton.

That foon refrelh'd him weary'd, and repair'd
What hunger, if aught hunger had impair'dt
Or thirft. Milton's Paradije Regain'd.

Nor was the work impair'd by ftorms alone.
But felt th' appro.iches of too warm a fun. Pope.
Ill years he feem'd, but not impair'd by years.

Pope.

To Impa'ir. i;. «. To be leffened or
worn out.

Flelh it>ay impair, quoth he ; but reafon can re-
pair. Fairy Queen.

Impa'ir. »../. [from the verb.] Diramu-
tion ; decreafe. Not ufed.

A loadftone, kept in undue pofition, that is, not
lying on the meridian, or with its poles inverted,
receives in longer time impair in adtivity and ex-
change of faces, and is mere powerfully prefcrved by
(ite than duft 01 ftcel. Bro-wn.

Impa'irment. n. f. [iiom impair.l Di-
minution; injury.

His porterity, at this diftance, and after fo per-
petual impairment, cannot but condemn thi poverty
of Adam's conception, that thought to obfcurc him-
felf from his Creator in the dude of the garden.

Brov>n's I^ulgar Errours.

Impa'lpable. adj. [impalpable, Yi. in
3,n& palpable.'] Not to be perceived by
touch.

If beaten Into ^nimpulpaklr powder, when poured
out, it will emulate a liquor, by reafon that the
fmallnefs of the parts do make them eafy to be put
into moiion. Boyle.

To Impa'radise. v. a. [imparadijarc,
Italian.] To put in a place or ftate re-
ferabling paradife in felicity.

IMP

This tntparadi/eJ neighbourhood made Zelmane't
foul cleave unto her, , both through the ivory cafe
of her body, and the apparel which did over-cloud
\t, Sidney,

All my fouls be
Imparadis'd'm you, in whom alone
1 underftand, and grow, and fee. - Dj/tne,

Thus thefe two,
Imparadis'd in one another's arms.
The happier Eden, (hall enjoy their fill
Of blifs on blifs. Milton's Paradifi Lo/I.

Impa'ritv. n. /. [imparitas, impar, Lat.]

1. Inequality; difproportion.

Some bodies are hard, fomc folt: the hardnefs i»
caufed c'r.icHy by the jejuncnefs of tlio fpirits, ar.d
their imparity with the tangible parts. Bac<jn.

2. Oddnefs; indivifibility into equal parts.

What verity is there in that numeral conceit, in

the lateral divifion of man, by even and odd ; and fo

by parity or imparity of letters in men's names, to

determine mislortunes on either (ide of their bodies ?

Broifn's f^ul^ar- Errours.

To Impa'rk. -u. a. [in and park.] To
inclofe with a park ; to fever from a
common.

To IMPA'RT. T. a. [impartior, Lat.]

1. To grant ; to give.

High ftate and honours to others imparl.
But give me your heart, Dryden.

2. To make known ; to fliow by words or
tokens.

Gentle lady.
When firft I did impart my love to you,
I freely told you, all the wealth I had
Ran in my veins. Siaiefp. Merchant ofVeniet.
As in confeflion the revealing is for the eafc of a
man's heart, fo fecret men come to the knowledge
ot many things, while men rather difcharge thaa
impart their minds. Bacon,

Thou to me thy thoughts
Waft wont, I mine to thee was wont t' impart.

Milion.

3. To communicate; to grant as to a par-
taker.

I find thee knowing of thyfclf j
Exprefling well the fpirit within thee free.
My image, not imparted to the brute. Milton.

Impa'rtial. adj. [impartial, Fr. in and
partial.] Equitable ; free from regard to
party ; indifferent ; difinterefted ; equal in
diftribution of juftice; juft. It is ufed
as well of aiflions as perfons : an impartial
judge; an impartial fentence.

Succefs I hope, and fate I cannot fear:
Alive or dead, I fliall deferve a name ;
Jove is impartial, and to both the fame. Dryden,
Imparti a'lity. 7t. /. SjmpKTtialite, Fr,
ixom impartial,] Equitablenefs ; juftice;
indifference.

A pious and well difpofed will gives not only
diligence, hut iVa impartiality lo the iinderftanding
in its fcarch into religion, which is abfolutely ne-
celTary to give fuccefs unto our inquiries into truth ;
it being fcarce polfible for that man to hit the
mark, whofe eye is ftill glancing upon fomething
befide it. Soutb.

ImPa'rtiai.LY. adv. [from impartial.]
Equitably; with indifferent and unbialfed
judgment ; without regard to party orin-
tereft; juftly; honeftly.

Since the Scripure promiles eternal happinefs and
pardon of fin, upon the folc condition of faith and
liilfcrc obedience, it is evident, that he only can
pftad a title to fuch a pardon, whofe conlcience
impartially tells him that he has performed the
required condition. Soutb,

Impa'rtible. adj. [impartible, Fr. from
imparl.] Communicable ; to be conferred
or beftowed. This word is elegant,
though ufed by few writers.

The f,ime body may be conceived to be more or
Icfs impartibli than it is aftive or heavy. Digh.

iMf a'ssabll.

I M P

Impa'ssabli; adj. [in »ni fojahle."] Not
to be paflbd ; not admitting paffage : ira-

I M P

pervious.

There are in America many high and impajfahlt
mountains, which are very cS. h. Raleigh.

Over this gulf
Imfajfalle, impervious j let us try,
To fjuod a path from hell to that new world. Milton.

When Alexander would have paOird the Ganges,

from impajfible.'\ Exemption from fufFer-
ing; infufceptibility oi injury from ex-
terna] things.

Two divinities might have pleaded their preroga-
tive oUmpaJibility, or at leaft not have been wounded
by any mortal hand. Dryden's /Sn. Dedic,

Impa'ssible. adj. \imfafftble, Fr. »« and
pajjio, Latin.] incapable of fuffering; ex-
empt from the agency of external caufes ;
exempt from pain.

If the upper foul check what is confcnted to by
the will, in compliance vrS^ the flelh, and can
then hope that, alter a few years of fenfualily, that
rebellious fervant (hall be eternally call oflF, drop into
a perpetual imfaJMe nothing, take a long progrefs
into a land where all things are forgotten, this would
be feme colour. Hammond.

Secure of death, I Ihould contemn thy dart.
Though naked, and impajfible icfitt. Dryden.

Impa'ssibleness. ». y; [from impnfibU.}
Impaflibility ; exemption from pain.

How Ihamelefs a partiality i> it, thus to referve all
the fenfualities of this world, and yet cry out for the
imfaffitUnefi of the next » Dtcay ofPUii.

Impa'ssioned. <7<iJ.". \tn mi pojffion!] Dif-
ordered by paflion.

So, Handing, moving, or to height upgrown.
The tempter, all impajfuin'd, thus began. Milton.

Impa'ssive. fl<^'. [/« and /(T^w.j Exempt
from the agency of external caufes.

She told him whatthofe empty phantoms were,
Tormi without bodies, and imfaJi-vtuT. Hryd.JEti.

Pale funs, unfelt at diftancc, roll away ;
And on th' impaffive ice the lightnings play. Pofe.
lur A'iT ED. a^j. [in and fajit. ] Concreted
a» into pafte. This word is not in ufe.

Horribly trickt
With blood of fathers, mothcn, daughters, fons,
Bak'd and impaftcd with the parching fires. Shakefp
Impa'tience. n. f. [impatience, Fr. ;>>,-'
patient ia, Lat.]

1. Inability to fuffer pain ; rage under fuf-
fering.

AH the power of his whs has given way to his im.

The experiment I refolved to make was upon
thought, and not ralhnefs or impatience. Temple

2. Vehemence of temper ; heat of paffion. '

3. Inability to fuffer delay; eagernefs.
Impa'tient. atij. [impatient, Y[. impatiens,

1. Not able to endure ; incapable to bear •
with of. '

Fame, impatient of airtma, decays
Not more by envy than excefs of praife. p^pe

2. Furious with pain ; unable to bear pain.

The tortur'd lavage lurn» artjund.
And flings about his foam, impatient o/the wound.

3. Vehemently agitated by fome pamtul
paflion; with at before the occafion •
with of. impatience is referred more to the
thing, with at, to the perfon.

To be /»;.««•„, at the death of a perfon, concern.
H« whom It was certain he muft die, is to mouTn
beeaafe thy fneod wu not born an angel

4.Hot,ha(hr. '^'^''^''^"''/"-''•SMj.

Vol. I.

The impatient man will not give hlmfelf t!oM to
be intormed of the matter that lies before him.

Addifon's Spe£lator.

J. Eager; ardently defirous ; not able to
endure delay: with /sr before the thing
defired.

The mighty Caefar waits his vital hour,
Impatient fir the world, and grafps his promis'd
„ ,PO^'''- DrydiK.

On the feas prepared the veffel ftands j
Th' /BT/ar/i^r mariner thy fpeed demands. Pope.
Impa'tiently. adv. [from impatient.']

1 . With rage, under uneafinefs.

2. Paffionately ; ardently.
He confidered one thing fo Impatiently, that he

would not admit any thing to be worth confideration.

Clarendon.

3. fcagerly; with great delire.
7e Impatronize. 'v. a. [impatronifei-,Yx.

in and patronize.] To gain to one's felf
the power of any feigniory. This word
is not ufual.

The ambition of the French king was to impa-
tromzx himfelf of the duchy. BaconU Henry VII
Vo Impa'wn. 'V. a. [in and pawn.] To
impignorate; to pawn; to give as a
pledge; to pledge.

Go to the king, and let there be Impaivn'd
Some furety for a fafe return again. Hhak. Henry IV.

Many now in health
Shall drop their blood in approbation
Of what your reverence (hall invite us to ;
Therefore take heed how you imfavin our perfon,
How you awake our Oeeping fyord of war. Sbakefp.
To IMPEACH, t;. a. [empecher, Fr.]
I. To hinder; to impede. This fenfc is
little in ufe.

Each door he opened without any breach ;
There was no bar to flop, nor foe him to impeach.

,,. , . apenfer.

His tons did impeach his journey to the Holy
Land, and vexed him all the days of his life. Da%,i,i.

If they will Impeach all the purpofesof an army,
which they have no reafon to think themfelves able
to refift, they put themfelves out of all expeflation of

"TX'fl • V Hayward.

A dcHuxion on my ihrottlmpeaciedmy uuerancc.

2. To accufe by public authority.

They were both impeached by a houfe of com-

Oreat diflentions were kindled among the nobles
and commons, on account of Coriolanus, whom the
latter had impeached. Hivift

Impeach.*. /. [from the verb.] Hin-
drance; let; impediment.

Why, what an intricate impeach is this !
If here you hous'd him, here he would have been •
If be were mad, he would not plead fo coldly.

T , Shakefpeare.

IMPE ACHABLE. adj. [froffl impeach.] Ac-
cufable; chargeable.

Had Cod omitted by pofitive laws to give-religion
to the world, the wifdom of his providence had been
Impeachable. q

Impe'acher. n. f. [from impeach.] 'Tn
accufer; one who brings an accufation
agamft another.

Many of our fierceft Impeacheri would leave the
delinquent to the merciful indulgence of a Saviour,
Gmernment of the Tongue.
Impe^achmekt. «./ [itom impeach.]
I. Hindrance; let; impediment; obftruc-
tion. Not in ufe.

Tell us what things, during your late conti-
nuance there, are moft offenfive, and the grcateft
impeachment to the good government thereof.

-r it L ! ■ . . , . ^enjer on Ireland.

Tel! thy king I do notfeek him now;
But could be willing to march on to Calais,
Without impeachment. Shakefp. Henry V

Neither 13 this acccflion of neceffity any impeach-

IMP

nent fo Chriftian liberty, or enfnaring of men's con.
iciences. e j ,

D Li- /• . oanderhn.

2. i'ubhc accufation ; charge preferred.

The king, provok'd to it by the queen,
Uevis'd impeachment to imprifonhim. Sbak. R. HI
„i Tt u '°"^, Somers, though his accufers would
with them for the profecution. Addifon.

%Avl '^°"'^='i"'n«' of Coriolanus's impcichmrnt
had like to have been fatal to their ftate. S-wift,
1 0 iMPE A R L . a;, c, [in and pear/.]

1. To form in refemblance of pearls.

Innumerable as the ftars of night.
Or dais of morning, dewdrops, which the fun
Impearls on every leaf and ev'ry flowV. Mi/ton.

2. Jo decorate as with pearls.

^J^rJ'Z' "^ "■/ """.'"S ''"('"•rl every thorn.

earth ' °" ""' ^"''^"t mantle of the

T..»„l ! Digby to Pope.

iMPECCABi'LiTy. n. f. [impeccabiliti. {t.

trom impeccable.] Exemption from fin ;

exemption from failure.

tribute.'"'''"^ ^'"* '"'{"""^"•'J »« twoof hisat-
lMPE'cCABLE. adj. [impeccable, Fr. rWnd
pecco, Lat.] Exempt from poffibility of

That man pretends he never commits any aift

prohibited by the word of Cod, and then thatVere

a rare charm to render him impeccable, or this is the

means ot confecrating every fin of his.

rf X / Hammond on Fundamentals.

/o Impede, 'v. a. [impedio, Lat.] To

hinder; to let; to obftrutft.
All the forces aremufteied to impede its palTage.
rn. ■ Decay ofPieti,

The way is open, and no (lop to force

1 he Itars return, or to impede their courfe.

r , Creech. Manll.

iMPE DIMENT. n. f. [impedimentum, Lat.]
Hindrance; let; impeachment; obftruc-
tion ; oppofition.

The minds of beads grudge not at their bodies
comfort, nor are their fenfes letted from enjoying
their objefls: we have the impediment, of hotiou?
and the torments of confcience. Sidney

What impediment, there aie to hinder it, and
which were the fpecdiell way to remove them.

,,7 T'y''l''^'?'°'*^W''>' *•'"«'■> »'l virtue'ij"
exercilcd without impediment or let. Hooker

liut for my tears, '

The moid impediments unto my fpeech,
1 had 'oreftall'd this dear and deep rebuke. Shahrp.
May I never ■''

To this good purpofe, that fo fairly (hews,
Uream of impediment. Sbak. Ant. and Cleopatra.

pediment m his fpeech. Mark, vii. 3 j.

,nH r/rlf / ' *'""* '■"/'"/'■'""" to martyrdom,
and he that is overcome by little arguments of pain
will hardly confent tolofe his life with torments.
_ ^ , , . Taylor's Rule ofllvinv boh.

Free from th' impediments of light and noift, ^
Man, thus retir'd, his nobler thoughts employs
cr T 1 . . IValler.

ro Impe'l. -v. a. [impello, Latin.] To drive
on towards a point ; to urge forward; to
.prefs on.

So Mirrha's mind, impell'don cither fide.
Takes ev'ry bent, but cannot long abide. Dryden
•1 he (miiimpell'd me on a craggy coaft. Pope.
riopiiious gales ''

Attend thy voyage, and impel thy fails. Pope's OJyf.

A mightier pow'r the ftrong direi5lion fends.
And fev'ral men Impels to fev'ral ends;
T his drives them coaltant to a certain coaft. Pope.
Impe'llent. »./. [impel/ens, Latin.] An
Impulfive power; a power that drives
forward.

How fuch a variety of motions (hoitid be regularly
nanaged, in fuch a wildemcfs of paflages, by mere
blind impellents and material coiivcyaiKcs, I have
not the kail conjeawrc. ClMville.

6K 7-^

I M P

Tc IMPE'ND. V. «. [imftudeo, Lat,]
I • To hane; over.

Deftrutlion fute o'erall yoar ha6s imfenJs }
UlylTcs comes, and death hi; litps aKcnds. Pcfe.

2. To be at hand ; to prel's nearly. It is
ufed in an ill fenfe.

It eiprefles our d«p forrow for our paft fins, and
our lively fenfe oi Goi'a imfertJing wrath.

SmalriJge'x Sermons.
No Dory I unfold ofpublick w6es.
Nor bear adyices of impmding foe*. Pope*s Oelyjff^.
Impe'ndent. tf</r". \imfe»dens , Lat.] Im-
minent; hanging over; preffing clofely.
In an ill fenfe.

If the evil feared or 'M^nb/ff be a greater fen-
lible evil than the good, it over-rules the appetite to
averfatioo. llaU.

Dreadful in arms, on Landen's glorious plain
Place Ormond'sduke imfendtnt in the air
Let his keen fabre, comet-like appear. Prior.

.Impe'ndenci. n. /. [from imptndem.\
The ttate of hanging over ; near ap-
proach.

Good fometimes is not fafe to be attempted, by
teafon of the impendence of a greater fenlible evil.

Hale.
Impenetrabi'lity. »,/. \impenetrabiUte',
Ft. from impenetrable.]

1 . Quality of not being pierceable, or per-
meable.

All bodies, fo far as experience reaches, are either
hard, or may be hardened ; and we have no other
evidence of univerfal imfenelrabilily, belldes a large
experience, without an experimental exception.

NeM-ton's Optics.

2. Infufceptiblllty of intelleiSual impremon.
IMPE'NETRAB'LE. adj. {impenetrable^ Fr.

impenetrabilis, Lat.]
■ 1 , Not to be pierced ; not to be entered by
any external force.

With hard'ning cold, and forming heat,
The Cyclops did their ftrokes repeat.
Before th' impenetrable IhieM was wrought. Dryden,

t. Impervious ; not admitting entrance.
Deep into fome thick covert would 1 run,
Ir.penetraile to the ftars or fun. Dryden.

The mind irights itfelf with any thing refle£ied
on ingiofs: things, thus offered to the mind, carry
the (hew of nothing but difficulty in them, and are
thought to be wrapped up in i»ff»rtra^/f obfcurity.

Loclte,

3. Not to be taught; not to be informed.

4. Not to be aflefted ; not to be moved.

It is the moft impenetrthU cur
That ever kept with men.

Let him alone ;
I'll follow him no more with'bootlefs prajcn.

Hbukefpeare.
Some will never believe a propofition in divinity,
If any thing can be faid againft it : they will be cre-
dulous in all affairs of life, but impenetrable by a
fermon of the gofpel. Taylor,

Impe'netrably. a^/'T.rfrom impenetrable.]
With hardnefs to a degree incapable of
impreflion.

Blunt the fenfe, and fit it for a IkuU
Of folid proof, impenelrubly dull. Pope.

Impe'mitence. I «. / [impenitence, Fr.
I.mpe'nitency. J /«and penitence. ] Ob-
duracy ; want of remorfe for crimes ; fi-
nal difregard of God's threatenings or
mercy.

Where one man ever comet to repent, a thoufand
end their days in final impenitence. South,

Before the revelation of the gofpel the wickednefs
and impenitcncy of the heathens was a much more
ttcufeable thing, becaufe they were in a great mea-
fure ignorant of the rewards of another life.

TilUl/on.

He will »Jvance from one degree of wickednefs
and impenitence to another, 'till at Uft be becomes
haideaed without rcmoifc K-ogert.

I M P

Impe'kitent. tf,^'. [impetiiUHt, Fr. »'/» and
peniunt.] FinaJly negligent of the duty
ofrepentance; obdurate.

Our lord in anger hath granted fome impenitent
men's requell j as, on the other fide, the apoftle's
fuit he hath of favour and mercy not granted.

HiM^er.
They died
Impenitent, and left a race behind
Like to thcmfclves, Milton.

When the reward of peftitents, and punilhment
of;m/)<-»//m/r, isoncc aflented to as true, 'tis im-
poflible but the mind of man (houldwilh for the one,
and have diflikes to the other. Hammond.

Impe'nitently. eid'v. [from impenitent.]
Obdurately; without repentance.

The condition required of us is a conftellation of
all the gofpel graces, every one of them rooted in
the heart, though mixed with much weaknefs and
perhaps with many (ins, fo they be not wilfully, and
impeniienlly lived and died in. Hammond,

What crowds of thefe, impenileurly hold.
In founds and jingling fyllables grown old.
Still run on poets I Pape.

Impe'nnous. adj. [in znd penna, Latin.]
Wanting wings. This word is conve-
nient, but, I think, not ufed.

It is generally received an earwig hath no wings,
and is reckoned among!) impennous infe<3s, but he
that (hall, with a needle, put afide the (hort and
(heathy cafes on their back, may draw forth two
wings, larger than in many flies. Brevm.

I'mperate. adj. [imperattn.'Lit.l Done
with confcioufnefs j done by direction of
the mind.

The elicit internal afls of any habit may be quick
and vigorous, when the external imperate acfts of
the fame habit utterly ceafe. South.

^'hofe natural and involuntary afiings are not
do»; by deliberation, yet they arc done by the energy
of the foul and inllrumentality of the fpirits, as well
as thafc imperate a&, wherein we fee the empire of
the foul. Hale.

Impe'rative. a<^'. [itnperatif, Fr. impera-
ti<vus, Lat.] Commanding ; expreflive of
command.

The verb is formed in a different manner, to fig-
nify the inteution of commanding, forbidding, al-
losving, difdllowing, intieating; which likewife,
from the principal ufeof it, it is called the imperative
mood. Clarhe*i Latin Grammar.

Impe'ratively. eid-v. In a commanding

ftyle; authoritatively.
Impehce'ptible. adj. [imperceptible, Fr.

in ind perceptible.] Not tobe difcovered ;

not to be perceived ; fmall ; fubtle ; quick

or (low, fo as to elude obfervation.

Some things are in their nature imperceptible by
our fenfe ; yea, and the more refined parts of mate-
rial exillence, which, by reafon of their fubii^iy,
efcape our perception. Hale.

In the fudden changes of his fubjeft with almoA
imperceptible coaneitious, the Thcban poet is his
roalter. Dryden.

The parts mufl have their outlines in waves, re-
fembling flames, or the gliding of a fnakc upon the
ground : they mufl be almoft imperceptible to the
touch, and even. Dryden,

The alterations in the globe are very flight, and
almolt imperceptible, and fuch as tend to the bene-
fit of the earth. H''ood.
Imperce'ptiblenISs. ». / [Uomimper-
ceptible.] The quality of eluding obfer-
vation.

Many excellent things there arc in nature, which,
by reafon of their fubtilty and impeicrptiblenefs to
us, are not fo much as within any ot our (acuities to
apprehend. Hale,

Imperceptibly. aJv. [from impercepti-
hlr.] In a manner not to be perceived.

Upon reading of a fable we arc made to believe we

advife Qurfeivcs : the moni kiiiflutcs itfdf imper-

I M P

tepttily, we are taught by furprirt, and became wifef
and better unawares. AddiJon>

IMPE'RFECT. adj. [imparfait, Fr. imper.

feQus, Lat.]

1 . Not complete ; not abfolutely finidied ;
defeftive. Ufed either of pcrfons or
things.

Something he left Imperfed in the (hte.
Which fince his coming forth, is thought of.
Which brought the kingdom fo much fear and danger.
That his return was moll required. Sbakefp,

Opinion is a light, vain, crude, and impeifta '
thing, fettled in the imagination; but never arriving
at the undcrftanding, there to obuin the tinflure of
reafon. Ben Jon/oie.

The middle a£lion, which produceth imperfcA
bodies, is fitly called, by fome of the ancients, in-

?uination or inconcoflion, which is a kind of putre-
aftion. Bacon.

The ancients were imperfeli in the doflrine of
meteors, by their ignorance of gunpowder and fire-
works. Bravin.

Divers things we agree to be knowledge, which
yet are fo uneafy to be fatisfaftorily underliood by
our imperfen mxeWcQs, that let them be delivered
in the clearelt exprflnons, the notions themfclvcj
will yet appear obfture. Boyle.

K marcor is either imperfel}, tending to a greater
withering, which is curable : or perfeil, that isr in
intire waiting of the body, excluding all cure.

Harney on ConJ'umptiens.

The ftill-bom founds upon the palate hung.
And dy'd imperfeli an the falt'ring tongue. Dryden.

As obfcure and imperfeB ideas often involve our
reafon, fo do dubious words puzzle men. Incite,

2. Frail ; not completely good : as, our bell

worfhip is imperfeii.
Imperfe'ction. n. f. [iittfirfcQion, Fr.
from imferfeli.] Defeft ; failure ; fault,
whether phyfical or moral; whether of
perfons or things.

Laws, as all other things human, are many lime*
full of imperfe6iion\ and that which is fuppofed
behoveful unto men, pioveth oftentimes mol\ per-
nicious. Hooiier,

The duke had taken to wife Anne Stanhope, *
woman for many imperj'e^ions intolerable ; but for
pride monftrous. Haytvard,

ImptrftCiions would not be half fo much taken
nonce of, if vanity did iMt make proclamation of
thein. L'Eflrange.

The world is more apt to cenfure than applaud,
and himfclf fuller oiimperfeilions than virtues.

Addifon^s SpeSiator.

Thofe are rather to be imputed to ihe fimplicity
of the age than to any iwperJeBion in ih.n divine
poet. Addijcn.

Impe'rfeCTLY. adv. [from imperfeil.]
Not completely; not fully; not without
failure.

Should finking nations fummon you away,
Maria's love might juflify your ftay ;
Imperfeiily the many vows are paid.
Which for your fafety to the gods were made.

Stepney.

Thofe would hardly underftand language or reafon
to any tolerable degree ; but o.ily a little and imper.
fcClly about things famihar. Locke,

Impe'rforaBle<7^'. [in ZTidperforo, Lat,]

Not to be bored through.
Imp e'r FOR ate. tidj. \in and ptr/oratm,

Latin.] Not pierced through ; without a

hole.
Sometimes children are born imperforate \ in

which c.ife a fmall punfture, dfelTcd with tent, efTea*

the cure. Shmp,

IMPE'RIAL. adj. [imperial, Fr. imperieilis,

Latin.]
I. Royal; poflefling royalty.

Aim he took
At a fair velUI, throned in the Weft;
But 1 might fee young Cupid's fiery ihaft
QucDcb'd ia the chafte beams of tbe wat'ry moon.

And

I M P

And the impeiial vot'refs pifled on

In maiden meditation, fancy free. Shakefpeare.

2, Betokening royalty ; marking fove-
reignty.

My due from thee is t.h\%lmftr'ial zrovin.
Which, at immediate from thy place and blood.
Derives itfelf to me. Sbaktff tare's Henry IV.

3. Belonging to an emperor or monarch ;
regal J royal; monarchical.

'1 he miin body of the marching fbc
Againll th' /ur/xr/a/ palace is delign'd. Dryden.

You that are a fov'reign prince, allay
ImferUl^ve'x with your paternal fway. DrjJen.

To tame the proud, the fetter'd flaves to free,
Thefe are Imperial arts, and worthy thee. Dryden.
Iwpe'ri ALisT. n. f. [from imperial.'\ One
that belongs to an emperour.

The Imferialijis imputed the caufe of fo (hameful
a flight unto the Venetians. KmlJrs's Hijicy,

IMPK'RIOUS. adj. [imferieux, Fr. imfi-
riaj'us, Lat.]

1 , Commanding ; tyrannical ; authorita-
tive ; haughty ; arrogant ; affuming com-
mand.

If it be your proud will
To Ihew the r«wer of your imperious eyes. Sfenfer.

This imprr has min will work us all
From princes into pages. Sbakefp. Henry VIII.

Not *h' imperiout Ihow
Of the full fortun'd Caefar ever (hall
Be brooch 'd with me. Siake/p. Ant. and Cleap.
He is an imperious diflator of the principles of
vice, and impatient of all contradiflion. Mare.

How much I fuffer*d, and how long I ftrove
Againll ih' alfaults of this imperious love ! Dry den.
Recolledl what diforder hafty or imperious words
from parcnu or teachers have caufed in his thoughts.

Lixlie,

2. Powerful J afcendant ; overbearing.

A man, by a vaft and imperious mind, and a
heart large as the fand upon the fea (hore, could
commaad all the knowledge of nature and art.

TiUafon.
Impe'riously. adv. [from imperious.^
With arrogance of command; with in-
folence of authority.
Who is there, that knocketh fo imperioufly t

Shaktfftare.
Who can abide, that, againft their own doctors,
6x whole books (hould, by their fatherhoods of
Trent, be under pain of a curfe, imperioujy ob-
truded upon Cod and his church ? Hall.
It is not to infult and domineer, to lookdifdain-
fully, and revile imperioujly, that proc».es an efteem
from any one. Souib.

The fagc, tranfported at th ' approaching hour,
Imperioujly thrice ihundcr'd on the floor ! Garib.
Impe'riousnesj. w./. [from //B/m««r.j

1. Authority; air of command.

So would he ufe Vrfimperioujnefs, that we had a
delightful fear and awe, which made ua loth to lofe
our hopes. Sidney.

2. Arrogance of command.

Imperioufnefs and fevcrity is but an ill way of
treating men, who have reafon of their own to guide
, '*'"",• Loeke

Imperishable, adj. [imperiffabU, Fr. in
anAferiJh.] Not to be deftroycd.

We find this otir empyreal form
Incapable ol mortal injury,
Imperijhable ; and though pierc'd with wound,

■t.^.'Jli.^.'"?''*' •""' ^^ "*"« "'S""' ^fiVi. Milton.
IMPE'RSONAL. adj. \imperjr.„d, Fr. im.

ferfonalh, Lat.] Not varied according

to the perfons.

Imperffmah be declined ihmughout all moods and
tenfes, a verb imperfonal hath no nominative cafe

- '«'°^'^ "■ yiee.dence.

iMPERSONALLr. ad-v. [from imperfonal]
According to the manner of an imper-
fonal verb.

I M P t R 3 U A 'S I B I, E . erf/. [/« and per/uafiliU,,

IMP

Latin.] Not to be moved by perfua-
iion.

Every pious perfon ought to be a Noah, a prtacher

of righteoufnefj j and if it be his fortune to have as

imperjuajihie an auditory, if he cannot avert the

deluge, it will yet deliver his own foul, if he cannot

benefit other men's. Decay of Piety .

Impe'rtinENCE. 1 H. /. {impertinence, Vt.

I M p E 'r T I N E N C Y . J from impertinent. ]

1. That which is of no prefent weight;

that which has no relation to the matter

in hand.

Some though they lead a fingle life, yet their

thoughts do end with themfclves, and account future

times impertinencies. Bacon.

z. Folly ; rambling thought.

O, matter ar>d impertinency mixt,

Reafon and madnefs ! Shakifp. King Lear.

3. Troublefomenefs ; intrufion.

It will be faid 1 handle an art no way fuitable to
my employments or fortune, and fo Hand charged
with intrufion and impertinency. ff'otton's ArcbiieB.

We ihould avoid the vexation and impertinence of
pedants, who aflfefl to talk in a language not to be
underltood. Swift.

4. Trifle; thing of no value.

1 envy your felicity, delivered from the gilded
impertinencies of life, to enjoy the moments of a
folid contentment. Evelyn.

Nbthing is more eafy than to reprefent as imper-
tinencies any parts of learning, that have no imme-
diate relation to the happinels or convenience of
mackmd. Addifon.

There are many fubtle impertinencies learnt in the

fchools, and many painful (rifles, even among the

mathematical theorems and problems, fPatts.

Impe'rtinent. adj. [impertinent. Fr. in

i.nA pertinent, Latin.]

1 . Of no relation to the matter in hand ; of
no weight.

The law of angels we cannot judge altogether
impertinent unto the affairs of the church of God.

Hooker.

The contemplation of thiogs that are impertinent
to uj, and do not coucero us, are but a more fpe-
cious idlenefs. Titlotfon.

2. Importunate ; intrtifive ; meddling.

3. Foolifti ; trifling; negligent of the pre-
fent purpofe.

'Tis not a fign two Iover» are together, when they

can be fo impertinent as to enquire what the woild

, <>"<='■, Pope.

Impe'ryinknt. n.f A trifler; a med-
dler; an intruder; one who enquires or
interpofes where he has no right or call.

Governours would have enough to do to trouble

their heads with tke politicks of every meddling

officious impertinent. VF.flrange.

lMri's.TlttEliTLY. ad-v. [{romimpertiuenl.]

1 . Without relation to the prefent matter.

2. Troublefomely ; ofiicioufly; intrufively.

1 have had joy given me as prtpofteroufly, and as
impertinently, as the. give it to men who marry
where they do not love. Suck/in^.

The blcflcdnefs of mortals, now the highell faint
in the celellial hierachy, began to be fo imper.
tinently importuned, that great part of the liturgy
was .iddrefled folely to her. Hookm .

Why will any man be fo impertinently oKcwus as
to tell me all this it only fan:y ? If « is a dream,
let me enjoy it. Addifon.

Impertran'sfbility. »./ fin ind per.
tranfeo, Lat.j Impoffibility to be paffcd
through.

1 willingly declined thofe many ingenious rcafons
given by others; at of the imperirarjitiliiy of eler-
nity, and impoflibility therein to attain to the pre-
fent limit of antecedent ages. Hale

IWPE'RVIOUS. adj. [imperviui, Lat.J
I. Unpaflabic ; impenetrable.
Let the difficulty ol palTing back
Stay his return, pcrhapt, oyer this gulf

I M P

ImpaffaMc, /w/ifctaVaj; let us try

To found a path from hell to that new world. Milt.

We may thence difcein of hoy clofe a texture
glafs is, fince fo very thin a film proved fo impervious
to the air, that it was forced to break the glals to free
itlslf- . Boyle.

The caufe of rcfleflion is not the impinging of
"ght on the folid or impertiiiut parts of bodies.

Neu'lon's Opticks.

A great many vcflels are, in this ftate, impervious
by the fluids. Arbutbnot.

From the damp earth Impervious vapours rife,
Increafe the darknefs, and involve the Ikies. Pope^

2. Inacceflible. Perhaps improperly ufed.

A river's mouth impervious to the wind.
And clear of rocks. Pope's Odyf/ey.

Impe'rviousness. »./ [from impervtoia.]

The ftate of not admitting any pafl!age.
Impeti'gi.vous. adj. [from impetigo, Lat.]

Scurfy ; covered with fmall fcabs.

I'mpetrable. adj. [impetrabili I, from im-

pctro, Lat. impelrabk, Fr.] Poflible to

be obtained. Di&.

To I'mpetrate. -d. a. [impetrer, Fr. im-

pelio, Lat.] To obtain by intreaty. Dia.

Impetra'tion.w./. [impetration, Fr. im-

petratio, from impetro, Lat.] The aft of

obtaining by prayer or intreaty. Not

much ufed.

The blefled facrament is the myftery of the death
of Chrift, and the application of his blood, which
was (hed for the rcmilTion of fins, and is the great
•means of impetration, and the meritorious caufe of
it- . Taylor.

It is the greateft folemnity of prayer, the moft
powerful liturgy, and meant of impetration in thii
world. Taylor.

Impetuo'sity. n. f. [impetuoftt'e, Fr. from
impetuous. 'I Violence; fury; vehemence;
force.

I will fct upon Aguecheek a notable report of
valour, and drive the gentleman into a moft hideout
opinion of his rage, (kill, fury, and impetuofiiy.

Sbakefp. T-welfth Nigbt.

The whole intrigue was contrived by the duke,

and fo violently purfued by hit fpirit and impeiut-

fi'y- Clarendon.

The mind gives not only licence, hut incitation to

the other paflions to take their freert range, and aft

with the utmofl impetuofiiy. Decay of Piety

IMPE'TUOUS. adj. iimpetueux.YuUom

impetus, Lat.]
I. Violent; forcible; fierce.

Their virtue, like their Tyber'sflood,
Rolling its courfe, defign'd their country's good ;
But oft the torrent's too impetuous fpeed
From the low earth tore fome polluted weed. Prior,

2. Vehement of mind ; paflionate.

The king, 'tit true, is noble, but impetuous.
J PirU'e.

Impe'tuoosly. ad-v. [from impetiiotis.}

Violently; vehemently: both of men

and things.

They view the windings of the hoary Nar; -
Through rocks and woods impetuoujly he glides.
While froth and loam the fretting lurface hides.

Addifon.
Impe'tuousness. n. f. [from impetuous.]
Violence; fury; vehemence of paffion.

I wilh all words or rage might vani(h in that breath
that utters them; that as they refcmble the wind
in fury and impeluoufnefs, fo they might in tran-
fientnefs. Ofcay of Piety,

I'MFETUS. »./ [Latin.] Violent ten.
dency to any point ; violent effort.

Why did not they continue their defcent 'till they
were contiguous to the fun, whither both mutual
attraflions and /'<n/>f/»r carried them ? Bentley'sSer.
Impie'rceable. adjr'. [in -md pierce.] Im-
penetrable ; not to be pierced.

Enceediiig raje inflam'd the funous beaft;
6 K » lor

IMP

Tar never felt hit imfierctjhlt breaft

So wond'roiu force from hand of living wight.

Sptnftr.

Impi'etv. »./. impiete, French; imfietas,

Latin.]

1. Irreverence to the Supreme Being; con-
tempt of the duties ofreligion.

To keep that oath were more imp'itly
Than Jephtha's, when he facrific'd his daughter.

Shakf/feari.

2. An aft of wickednefs; expreflion of ir-
religion. In this fenfe it has a phiral.

If ihey die unprovided, no more is the king guilty
of ihofe impieties fei which they are now vifited.

Shahffrare.

Can Juno fucli imflellfs approve ? Detiham.

We have a melancholy profpefl of the (late of our

religion : fuch amaiing impieties can be equalled

by nothinz but by ihofe cities confumed of old by

fiie. -S^v//.

To Impi'gnorate. <v. a. {in and fignm,

Latin.] To pawn; to pledge. -
iMPrcNORATioN. «./. [trom /«//faor<7/c.]
The aft of pawning or putting to pledge.
Ti Impi'noe. 'v.n. [/w^i/z^o, Latin.] To
fall againft; to ftrikc againft ; to clalh
with.

Things are referved in the memory by fome cor-
poreal exuvia and material images, which, having
impinged on the common fenfc, rebound thence into
fome vacant cells of the brain. Glanville.

The caufe of refleftion is not the impiitging of
light on the folid or imjiervious parts of bodies.

Neivton's Opticks,

To Impi'nguate. v. a. [/« unA finguis,
Latin.] To fatten ; to make fat.

FriiSions alfo do more fill and impivguate the
body than ejtercife: for that in fridlions the inward
parts are at reft. Bacon.

I'M PIOUS, adj. \impius, Latin.] Irreli-
giousi wicked; profane; without reve-
rence of religon.

That Scripture ftandeth not the church of God in
any ftcad to direct, but may be let pafs as needlcfs to
beconfulted with, we judge it profane, impious, and
irreligious to think. Hmker.

Ceafe then this impious rage. Milton.

Then lewd Auchemolus he laid in dull,
Who ftain'd his ftcpdame's bed with impious lull.

Dryden.

Ani impious mtioas feat'd eternal night. DiyJ.

Shame and reproach is generally the poition of the
impious and irreligious. South.

When vice prevails, and impious men bear fway,
The poft of honour is a private ftation. Addijon.

Since alter thee may rife an impious line,
Ccatfc manglers of the human tace divine :
Faint on, 'till fate diffolve thy mortal part,
And live and die the monarch of thy art. tickell.

They, impious, darM to prey
On herds devoted to the god of day. fope.

Grand miSakes in religion proceed from taking
literally what was meant figuratively, from which
feveral impious abfurditics followed, terminating in
inhdelity. Fortes.

1'mpiocslt. adv. [from imfious.'] Pro-
fanely; wickedly.

The Roman wit, who impiou/ly divides
His hero and his gods to difieieol tides,
I would condemn. Cianville.

Implacabi'lity. n./. [from implacable.^
Inexorablcnefs ; irreconcileablc enmity;
unappeafible malice.
LMl'LA'CABLE. adj. [implacabilis, Lat.
implacable, Vt.'\ Not to be pacified ; in-
exorable; malicious; condant in enmity.
His incenfcment is fo implacatle, that fatisfadiion
can be none but by pangs ol death. Sbake/p,

Darah bears a generous mind :
But to implacatle revenge inclin'd ;
A bo'jntcous matier, but a deadly foe. Dryden.

The French are the moft implac.ttle and the moft
dangerous enemies of the B. itilh nation. Addijon.

I M P

luPi.A'cABLV.arfw. [from mplauhlt.\

1. With malice not to be pacified ; inexor-
ably.

An order was made for difarming all the papifts ;
upon which, though nothing was after done, yet it
kept up the apprehenCons in the people of dangers,
and diCnclined them from the queen, whom they
begun every day more implaeally to hate, and con-
fequently to difoblige. Clarendcn.

2. It is once ufed by Dryden in a kind of
mixed fenfe of a tyrant's love.

I love,
And 'tis below my greatnefs to difown it ;
Love thee implacaily,'ytt hate thee too. Dryden.
To Impla'nt. -v. a. \_inzniplanto, Latin.]
To infix ; to infert ; to place ; to engraft ;
to fettle ; to fet ; to fow. The original
meaning, of putting a vegetable into the
ground to grow, is not often ufcd.

How can you him unworthy then decree.
In whofe chief part your worths implanted be ?

Sidney.

See, Father ! what firft-fruits on earth are fprung,

From thy implanted grace in man ! Milton.

No need of public fanftions this to bind.
Which Nature has implanted in the mind. Dryden,
There grew to the outfiJeof the arytenoides ano-
ther cartilage, capable of motion by the help of fome
mufgles that were implanted in it. Kay.

God having endowed man with faculties of know-
ing, was no more obliged to implant thofe innate'
notions in his mind, than that, having given him
rcafon, hands, and materials, he Ihould build him
bridges. Locke.

Implanta'tION. n. /. [implaritation, Fr.
from implant.'] The aft of fetting or
planting; the aft of enfixing or fettling.
Impla'usible. c<^'. \inar\A plaujible.'\ Not
Ipecious; not likely to feduce or per-
fuade.

Nothing can better improW political fchool-boys
than the art of making plaunble or implaufihle ha-
rangues againft the very opinion for which they re-
folve to determine. • Swi/t.

I'mplement. n./. \_imphmentum, from im-
pleo, Lat.]

1 . Something that fills up vacancy, or ftip-
plies wants.

Unto life mmy implements are necefiary; more,
if we feek fuch a life as hath in it joy, comfort, de-
light, and pleal'ure. Ho'jker.

2. Inftrumen: of manufafture; tools of a
trade; veffels of a kitchen.

Wood hath coined feventcen thoufand pounds, and
hath his tools and implements to coin fix times as
much. S-wi/t.

It is the praflice of the eaftern regions for the
artifls in metals to carry about with them the whole
implements of trade, to the houfe where they find
employment. Broome.

Imple'tion. ft./, [impleo, Lalln.] The
aft of filling; the ftate of being full.

Thcophraftus conceiveth, upon a plentiful imple-
tion, there may fucceed a difruption of the matrix.

5rc>1t'B.

Im P I. e'x. /?///. [implexus, Latin,] Intricate;
entangled ; complicated : oppofed lo Jim-
pie.

Every poem is e'xihcr JfmpU or impiex : it is called
fimpU when there is no change of fortune lo it;
impliXy when the fortune ot the chief ador clungcs
from bad to good, or from good to bad. Spt^lMor.
To I'M PLICATE. 'V. a. [implifUfr. Fr. im-
plico, Latiti.] To entangle ; to embarrafs ;
to involve ; to infold.

The ingredients of faltpetre do fo mutually impli-

tate and hinder each other that the concrete aCls

but very languidly. Boyle,

Implica'tion. ». /. [implicn/io, hat, im-

I plication, French, from implicate,^
I. Involution; entanglement.

I M P

Three principal caufei of firmnefs are the groflnefs,
the quiet contait, and the implication of the com-
ponent parts. Boylt,

2. Inference not expreffcd, but tacitly in-
culcated.

Though civil caufes, according to fame men, are
of lefs moment than criminal, yet the dodlors are^
by implication, of a difiitrent opinion.

Ayliffe's Parergon,
IMPLI'CIT. adj. [implicite, Fr. implicit ui,
Latin.]

1. Entangled ; infolded ; complicated.
This fenfc is rare.

In his woolly fleece

I cling implieit. Popt.

The humble (hrub,

And bufh with frizzled hs'ir implicit. Thorn fon.

2. Inferred; tacitlycomprifcd; notexprclTed.

In the firft elUblifhment of fieccTi there was an
implicit compact founded upon common confent ;
that fuch and fuch words (liould be figns, whereby
they would exptcfs their thoughu one lo another.

South.

Our exprefs requcfts are not granted, but the im-
plicit delires of our hearts arc fultillcd. Smalridge.

3. Hefting upon another; connefted with
another over which that which is con-
nefted to it has no power ; trufting with-
out referve or examination. Thus, by
implicit credulity, I may believe a letter
yet not opened, when I am confident of
the writer's veracity.

There be falfe peaces or unities, when the peace
is grounded but upon an implicit ignorance ; for all
colours will agree in the dark. Bacon.

^^o longer by implicit faith we err,
Whilft every man's his own interpreter. Denb.jm.
Impli'citly. adi;. [from implicit.]

1. By inference coraprifed, though not cx-
preffed.

The divine infpe£iion into the aS^irs of the world
doth necetrarily follow from the nature and being of
God ; and he that denies this, doth implicitly deny
his exiftcnce; he may acknowledge what he will
with his mouth, but iu his heart he hath faid there
is no Cod. Bcntlry.

2. By connexion with fomcthing elfe ;
depcndcntly ; with unrcferved confidence
or obedience.

My blulhing mufe with confcious fear retires,

And whom they like, implicitly admires. Rofcomtnm.

Learn not to difpute the meihodsof hisprovidence;

but humb?)' and implicitly to acquiefce in and adore

them. Atterhiry.

We implicitly follow in the track in which they

lead us, and comfort ourfelves with this poor re-

fledion, that we Ihall fare as well at thofe that go

before us. Rogers.

To IMPLO'RE. -v. a. [implerer, French;

implcro, Lat,]
I. To call upon in fupplication ; to folicit.
They (hip their oars, and crown with wine
The holy goblet to the pow'rs divine.
Imploring all the gods that reign above.

fope't Odyjfej.

z. To aflc ; to beg.

Do not fay 'tis fuperftition, that
I kneel, and then implore her blefling.

Stakefp. H'inter's Tale,

Implo're. «./. [from the verb.] The aft
of begging ; intreaty ; folicitation. Not
in ufe.

Urged fore
With piercing words and pitifuliK^orf,
Him hafty to arife. hairy Queen.

Imp lo'r 1 r . ti.f. [from implore.] Solicitor.
Merc imploren of unholy fuits,
Breathing, like fan^ified and pious,
The betier to beguile. Soake/prare's Hamlet.

l^v\.\3't.iho.adj. {implt4mis,'La.ua.] With-
out feathers. Difl.

Tt>

^'I'M P

Tb Imply', v. a, \implijuer, French; /«-

flko, Latin.]
I. To unfold; to cover; to intangle. Not

in ufe.

His courage flout,
Srriving to loofe the knot iiiatfaft him ties,
^' Himfellin ftraigiiler bonds toorafti implies.
* ' Fairy Suren,

And Phosbus flying fo moff (hamtful fight,
His Wufhing face in foggy clouds imp/in.

. , f'aiij Quern,

2. To involve orcomprife as a confequence
or concomitant.

Tliat it wds in ufe among the Greeks, the word

triclinium impliclb. Broivn'i l^ulgar Errours.

Whdt follows next is no objeflion j lor ihat im-

. />//« a tault. Dryden.

Bows the ftrength of brawny arms imply,

Emblemsofvalour, and of viaory. Drydeit.

Where a malicious 3.&. is proved, a malicious in-

tention is implitd. .Unlock.

yalMPo'isoN. -v. a. [empoifaner, French.

It might be written empoiJ'on.'\

1. To corrupt with poifon.

One doih not know
How much an ill word Joih impcifin liking.
T" 1 -n • T -/. Shake/peart.

2. Tokiil withpoifon. This is rare. See
Empoison.

A man by his own alms tmpKf'.n'd,
And with his charity Qain. Shakefp

Impo'larily. ad-v. [in and/o/ar.] ^ot
according to the direaion of the poles.
Little uled. ^

Being imfoUrily adjoined unto a more virorous
Joadftone, it will, m a fliort time, exchange its poles.

Brovjn

I IVf P

would fain have it conftrued j but the felt'-fame
thing It fignifieth which the name of doarine doth.

Hooker,

I M P

IMPOUTICAL.T adj. [i„ and politick.]
iMPOLiTicjc. / Imprudent jindifcreeti
void ofartorforecaft.

He that eihorieth to bewareof an enemy's policy,
doth not give counfel to be Imf.lidck^ but rather to
urea 1 prudent forefight and circumfpeftion, leil our
<"npl'c.iybeom.reachMbycunningflighis, Hooker
IMPOLI TiCALLV. 1 adv. [/»and Wr/W.l
IMPOLITICKLY. ; Without art or fore-
caff.

Impo'ndeRovs adj. [/„ and pc«drr,«s.]
Void of perceptible weight.

,nJ?"?u " "'^'r' "'' '"' "^'^ ^y impo„Jerou,
and invifible en.urions. Bru^„', Vuhar E<rou.>

Imporos.ty.*./. {in ^n& porous.] Abfence

o| inarftices ; compaftnefs ; clofenefs.

1 he porofily or imforofuy betwixt the tangible
pans, and the greatnels or Imallnefs of the pores

Impo'roi;s. odj [/« and /»,■„«,.] Free from
pores; free Irom vacuities or interftices;
cJoIe of texture; completely folid.

d!fc edb ", '" Y'< '"'f' ''"/°"«'> «"» "0'
dilcreted by atomical terminations.

,, . Brnm's Vulgar Erroun.

It atomi fhould defcend plumb down with equal
Wlocity, being all perfeflly folid and imporou,, they
would never tlie one ovrruke the other.

/oJMrU'RT. 'v.a. [/«/or/<7, Latin.]

1 . To carry into any country from abroad ;
oppofed to export.

For El.s I would fail with ulmoft fpeeJ,
1 '/»f«« twelve mara, which there luxurious feed.

2. To imply; to infer. ''''''"■

Himfelf no, only comprehended all our neceffiiies
but in n,ch fort alfo frdmeJ every petition as m It,;
mod naturally ferv. for many : '',!;d"doth." ^outh

■tht name of difciplioe imported „„, a. "hey

This queftion we now aflted, imported, as that
we thought this land a land of magicians. Bacoit.

3. To produce in confequence.
Something he left imperfca in the date.

Which fince his coming forth is thought of, which
Imporis the kingdom" fo much fear and danger.
That his return was .tioII requir'd. Shake/p.

4. [Importer, importe, lirench. Imperfonal-
\y-] To be of moment; as, it imports,
it is of weight or confequence.

Her length of ficknefs, with whatelfe more ferious
Importah thee to know, this bears. Shakeff.

Let the heat be fuch as may keep the metal per-
petually molten; for that above all importeti to the
""i''- ^ . Bacon.

Number in armies Importetb not much, where
•Jie People IS of weak courage. Bacon.

This to attain, whether heav'n move, or earthj
Imporit not, if thou reckon right. Milion.

It may import us in this calm to hearken more
than we have done to the llorms that are now raifinr

u^- . • . . "^"V'

1 1 1 endure it, what imports it you ? Dryden.

Impo'rt. n.f. [from the verb.]

1. Importance; moment; confequence.

What occafion of import
Hath all fo long detain'd you from your wife ?

c t /• ,- SBake/f.

home bufinefs of import that triumph wears

«,L ■" '" *" "'*''• ^'^''- ""^ ^"'' Oedipus.

When there is any difpute, the judge ought to
appoint the fum according to the eloquence and abi-
lity of the advocate, and in proportion to the import
ofthecaufe. ^J^,

2. Tendency.
Add to the former obfervationsmade about vegeta-
bles a third of the fame import made in mineral
fubrtances g ,

3. Any thing imported from abroad; as,
our imports ought not to exceed our ex-
ports.

Impo'rtable. adj. [in and portable.] Un-
fupportable; not to be endured. A word
accented by Spin/er on the firft /yllable.
It IS ufed in the Apocrypha.

Both at once him charge on either fide.
With hideous lirokes and imporlMe power.

That forced him his ground to travcrfe wide.
And wifely watch to ward that deadly ftour.
T 1 Fairy Queen.

Impo'rtance. n./. [French.]

I. Thing imported or implied. Rare.

A notable paflion of wonder appeared in them ;
but the wileft beholder, that knew no more but fee-
ing, could not fayifthe/w/w/az/rrwerejoy orfor-
T; rL. „ ^Shake/p. IVinurSrale.

z. Matter; fuhjeft. Not in ufe.

It had been pity you (hould have been put toge-
ther Willi fo moilal a purpofe, as then each bore
upon •mp'.riance of fo Oight a nature. Sbakejp.

3. Confequence; moment.

We confider
Th' importance of Cyprus to the Turks. Shakefi..

I hy own importance know,
Nor bound thy narrow views to things below. Pope.

4. Importunity. An improper ufe pecu-
liar to Shake/peare.

Maria writ
The letter al fir Toby', great importance ;
Jn recompence whereof he hath married her.

II Shaiefp,

M PORTA NT. ari)-. [importani, French.]
I. Momentous; weighty; of great confe-
quence.
The moft important and prcffing care of a new

A krT""' '*.'"! "" ''■'• ">"fi»8'^. for mediate

eftablilhment of the royal line. IVolton

This funeradds treachery to the crime : 'tis the

tallilying the moft importunl Hull. Decay of fiely

O then whatintereft (Iiall I make
To fave my laft important ftake.
When the moft jull have caufe to quake ? Rofcom,

The great important end that God defigns religion
for, the government of mankind fufficiently Ihewj
the neceflity of its being rooted deep in the heart, and
put beyond the danger of being torn up by any ordi.
nary violence. Soutb.

txamine how the falhionable praflice of the world
can be reconciled to the important doarine of our
"''/'O"' Roger,.

Important truths ftill let your fables hold.
And moral myfteries with art unfold. Cranvil'e.

Th' important hour had pafs'd unheeded by.

2. Momentous ; forcible ; of great efficacy.'
This feems to be the meaning here.

He fiercely at him flew.
And with important outrage him alfail'd :

Who fooii prepai"d to field, his fword forth drew.
And him with equal valour countervail'd. Faity SK

3. Importunate. A corrupt ufe of the word!

SeelMPORTANCE.

Great France
My mourning and important tears hath pitied.
T I Sbake/p.

Impcrta'tion. ti.f.[iTova import.] The
ad or pradice of importing, or bringing
into a country from abroad : oppofed to
exportation.

Th« king's reafonable profit fhould not be neg-

Icfled upon imforiation and exportation. Dacon.

Thefe mines fill the country with greater numbers*

ol people than it would be able to bear without the

importation of corn from foreign parts. Adiijon

The emperor has forbidd«n the importation of
their manulaaures into any part of the empire.

Addifon on Italy.

Importer. n.j:[\xom. import.] One that
brings in from abroad.

It ii impoflible to limit the quantity that (hall be
brought in, efpecially if the /mjOo^frj of it have fo
lure a market as the Exchequer. Siuift

Impc'ryless. adj. [from import.] Of no
moment or confequence. 1 his is a word
not in ufe, but not inelegant.

We lefs expea
That matter needlefs, of importlefs burthen

IaSi^^^ATE. adj. [impo^:^^^
X\n-, importune, French.] Unfeafonable
and inceffant in folicitations ; not to be
repulfed.

I was in debt to my importunate bufinefs j but ha
woJld not hearmyexcufe. Shaltefp

They may not be able to bear the :Iamour of an
,<nporiuna,e fuitor. Smahidsre.

A rule i-eftrains the moft /«^or/»»a,, appetites of
our nature. Robert

Impo'rtunately. ad-v. [from impcrtul
note.] With inceflant folicitation ; per-
tinacioufly in petition.

Their pertinancy is fuch, that when you drive
them out of one form, ihey alTume another* and
are fo unporiuuateiy tioubU-fome, as makes many
think It impolTible to be freed from them. Duppa.

Impo'rtunateness „./. [from import
Innate.] Inceflant folicitation.

She with more and more importunalene/s craved,

which, in all good manners, was either of us to be

dclired.ornot granted. SH^,„

r.IMPORTU'NE^.^. [i„por,uner. fI'

importunus, latin. Accented anciently

on the fecond fyllahlc-.l To tcize; to

harafs with flight vexation, perpetually

recurring; to moleft.

Agaiiill all fcnfe you do importune her. Sbake/p.

If he efpied any lewd gaiety in his fcllow.fervants,

his m.i(ter Ihauld llraitways know it, and not reft

free tiom importuning, until the fellow had put awav

'• Care-w

The higheft faint in ih« ceUftial hiejarchy began

ta

IMP

to V fo impen'inenlly Imfortimti, that t gKat part
of the liturgy wu addreflcdfolcly to her.

HvwtiU Voeal Foreft.

TheWoom of beauty other years demacds.
Nor will be gailier'd by fuch wiiher'd haads :
You imfdriime it with a falfc detire. DryiiH.

Etery one hath etperimented this trouklefome in-
trufion of fome frilking ideas, which thus Importuni
the undetlUnding,andhindcritfrom being employed.

Locke.

We have been obliged to hire troops from feveral
princes of the empire, whofe minifters and refidcnti
here have perpetually imfortuxed the Qomt with un-
realbnable demands. Stui/i.

Impo'rtu'ne aJj. [impcrtuHut, Latin. It
was anciently pronounced with the accent
on the fecond fy liable.]

1. Conftantly recurring ; troublefome by
frequency.

All that charge did fervently apply.
With greedy malice and importune toil t

And planted there their huge artillery.
With which they daily made moll dreadful battery.

Sfei/tr.

Heniy, king of England, reeded not to have be-
ftowed fuch great fums, norfo to have bufied himfelf
with importune and incelTant labour, to compafs my
death and ruin, if I had been a feigned perfon.

Bacon's Htnry VII.

2. Troublefome; vexatious.

And th' armies of their creatures all, and fome
Do ferve to them, and with importune might
War againft us, the vaflals of their will. Spenfer,

If the upper foul can check what is confented to
by the will, in compliance with the 6clh, and can
then hope, that after a few years of fcnfuality, that
importune rebellious fervani (hall be eternally cali off,
this would be fome colour lor that novel perfuafion .

Hammtiid.

The fame airs, which fome entertain with moft
delightful ttanfports, to others arc importune.

Olanviile's Scepjis,

3. Unfeafonable ; coming, afking, or hap-
pening at a wrong time.

No fair to (hine
Equivalent, or fecond ! which compell'd
Me thus, though importune perhaps, to come
And gaze and worlhip tliee. Milton,

Importu'nely. aJ'v. [from imforlune,']

1. Troubleforaely ; inceflantly.

The palmer bent his ear unto the noife,
To weet what call'd fo importuncly ■
Again he heard a more efforced voice,
That bade him come in hartc. Fairy ^ueen,

2, Unfeafonably ; improperly.

The conltitutions that the apoftles made concern-
ing deacons and widows, are, with much importunity
but very imfcriunely urged by the difciplinarians.

Sanderfon.

Importu'nity. »./. [importuniias, Latin:
import uniti, French, from importunate.^
Inccffant folicitation.

Overcome with the importunity of his wife, a wo-
man 01 a haughty fpiril, he altered bis former purpofe.

KHoUes.
Thrice I deluded her, and (um'd to fport
Her importunity. Milton' t Agonijles.

To IMPOSE. <v. a. \tmpoJer, French; itn-

pojittim, Latin.]
I.' To lay on as a burthen or penalty.

It (hall not be lawful to imf^fe toll upon them.

Ex,ra, vii.

If » fon do fall into a lewd a£)ion, the imputation,

by your rule, (hould be impo/ed 011 the father. r

Siair/p'

To tyrants others have their country fold, ,

Impo/lng foreign lords for foreign gold. Dryd. /En.'

On impious reatmsand barb*rous W\n^% impofe
Thy plagues, and curfe them with fuch ills as thofe.

Pope.
1. To enjoin ar a duty or law.

What good or evil is there under the fun, what
action correfpondent or repugnant unto the law which
Ood hath impojed upon his creaturesi but in or upon

I M P

' it Cod Jdth worVi *cix>tding to the law l^hich hliU*
felf hath eternally purpofed to keep ? Hooter.

There was a thorough way made by the fword for
the impofing of the laws upon them.

Spenfer on Ireland.

Thou on the deep Impofejl nobler laws.

And by that juftice haft remov'd thecaufe. li'aller.

Chriftianity hath hardly impo/ed any other laws

upon us, but what are enacted in our natures, or are

agreeable to the prime and fundamental laws of it.

Tlltot/on.
Intpofe but your commands,
This hour (hall bring you twenty thoufand hands.

Dryden,

It was neither impojed on me, nor lb much as the

fubjeft given me by any man. Dryden.

3. To fix on ; to impute to.

This cannot be allowed, except we impute that
unto the firft caufc which we imp'Je not on the fe-
cond ; orwhat we deny unto nature, we impute unto
nativity itfelf. Brnun.

4. To obtrude fallacioufly.

Our poet thinks not fit
T* impo/e upon you what he writes for wit. Dryden.

5. To Impose tm. To put a cheat on ; to
deceive.

Phyficians and philofophers have fuffered them-
felves to be io far impofedupon as to publilh chymical
preparations they never tried. Boyle.

He that thinks the word centaur (lands for fome
real being, impofes on himfelf, and miflakes words
for things. Locke,

6. [Among printers.] To put the pages
on the ftone, and fit on the chafes, in order
to carry the forms to prefs.

Impo'se. n.f. [from the verb.] Command ;
injunftion. Not in ufe.

According to your ladylhip's impnfe
I am thus early come. SLakefp.

Impo'seabi. E. adj, [from itnpofe.'\ To be
laid as obligatory on any body.

They were not fimply impojeahle on any particular
man, farther than he was a member of fome church.

Hammond.

Impo'ser. n.f. [from impo/e. \ One who
enjoins as a law ; one who lays any thing
on another as a hardlhip.

1 he univerfities' fuffcrings might be manifefted to
all nations, and the impojer of Ihefe oaths might
repent. Walton.

Imposi'tion. n.f. \Jmpofition, French; im-
pojitas, Latin. ]

1. The aft of laying one thing on another.

The fecond part of confirmation is the prayer of
benedidion of the bilhop, made more folemn by the
impojition of hands* Hammond.

2. The aft of annexing.

The firft impojition of names was grounded among
all nations, upou future good hofe conceived of chil-
dren. Camden.

The impo^tion of the name is grounded only upon
the predominancy of that element, whofe name is
afcribtd to it. Beyle.

3. Injunftion ofany thing as alaworduty,

1'heir determination is to trouble you with no
morefuit; unlefs you may be won by fome other
fort than your father's impojition, depending on the
calkets. Sbalte/peare.

From impojition of ftrift laws, to free
Arccptance of Urge grace ; from (ervile fear
To filial j works of law, to works of faith. Milton,

4. Conllraint; oppreflion.

The conftraint of receiving and holding opinions
by authority was rightly called impojition. Locke.

A greater load has been laid on us than we have
been able to bear, and the grofleft imfofitionx have
been fubroilted to, in order to forward the dangerous
defigns of a fai^ion. Sv.:J't.

Let it not be made, contrary to its own nature,
the occalion of ftrife, a narrow fpirit, and unrca-
fonable impofiiioni on the mind and practice. H^alts,

5. Cheat; faliacy ; importure.

6. A fiipcrnumerary excrcife enjoined fcho-
lacs as a punilliiucnt.

I M P

Thefe iaptifitiom were fupplyMf
To light my pipe, or pleafe my pride.

Progrefi of DifevHttnti
ImPo'ssIBLE.«<//. [impqfible, Fr. in zwA pof-
fible.'l Not to be done; not to be attained;
imprafticable.

It was impojible that the ftate fliould oontinue

quiet. 2 M.^,

With men it it impoffille; but with Cod aU

things arc pollible. Mat. xix. 26.

'Twcre imfojpkle for any cnterprifc 10 be lawful,

if that which thould legitimate it is fubfequent to it.

Decay of Piety,

Difficult it is, but not impijjible. Chillingvjortb.

It is impoffible the mind (hould be ftopped an/

where in its progrelii in this fpace, how far foever it

extends its thoughts. Lxke.

We cannot believe it impoffible to God to maks

a creature with more ways to convey into the ucder-

ftanding the notice of corporeal things than five,

LkU.
I my own thoughts deceive,
With hope of things impojffiiile to find. Ifalfii,

Impossibility. n.J'. impojibilite , Fr. from
impofjiblr,']

I . Imprafticability ; the ftate of being not
feafible.

Simple Philoclea, it is the imfoffibility that doth
torment me ; for unlawful defites are punilhed after
the elfe£l of enjoying, but impolTible defires in the
dcfirc itfelf. Sidney.

Admit all thefe impojfibilitin and great abfurditiet
to be pollible and convenient. If'bitgiftt,

Let the mutinous winds
Strike the proud cedars 'gainft the fiery fun.
Murdering impojfibilily, to make
What cannot be, flight work. Shakefp. Coriolannt^

They confound difficulty with impojjibility Snutb,

Thofe who a(rcrt the impojfibility of fpace cxilbtig
without matter, muft make body infinite. Locke.

When we fee a man of like pallions and weakneft
with ourlclves going before us in the paths of duty,
itconfutes all lazy pretences oi impojjibility. Rogers.

z. That which cannot be done.

Though men do, without otfcnce, wi(h daily that
the affairs, which with evil fuccefs are palt, might
have fallen out much betrer; yet to pray that they
may have been any other than they are, this being a
manifeft impcffibili'y in illelf, the rules of religion do
not permit. Hooker,

Impoffibiiiiiet ! oh no, there's none.
Could 1 bring thy heart captive home. CoviU^.

1'mpost. n.f, \i:npofi, impot, Erench, impo-
fttum, Latin. J A tax ; a toll j a cuftoin
paid.

Taxes and impcjli upon merchants do fcldom good
to the king's revenue; for that that he wins in
the hundred, he lofeth in the (hire. Bacon,

Impo'sts. n.f, [impojie, French.] In ar-
chitefture, that part of a pillar, in vaults
and arches, on which the weight of the
whole building lieth. Aittfiuorth,

Impo'sthum ATE. f. «. [from impofl-
hume. ] To form an abfcefs ; to gather ;
to form a cyft or bag containing mat-
ter.

The bruife impojihumated and afterwards turned

to a (linking ulcer, which made every body (hy to

cime near her. Arbuthnot,

7i Impo'sthum ATE. t; a. To aiHift with

an impofthume.

They would not fly that furgeon, whofe lancet
threatens noue but the impojlhumatfd parts.

Decay of Piety.

Imposthuma'tion, n.f. [iioxn imprfthu-
mate.'\ The aft offorming an impofthurae ;
the ftate in which an impoflhume is
formed.

He that maketh the wound bleed inwards, en-
dangereth malign ulcers and pernicious impojibuma-
liotts. Bacon's Effayi,

IMl'O'STHUME. n.f [This feems to have
been formed by corruption from impoftem,

as

I M P

as South writes it j and impoftem to have
been written erroneoufly hi apofttm,
itrc'rtt^, an abfcefs.J A colleflion of pu-
rulent matter in a bag or cyft.

Now rotten difeafci, rupL, ;s, catarrhs, and blad-
ders full of imfojlhutnes, make prepollerous difco-
*eriet. Sbakeffcare.

An error in the judgment is like an impoftem in the
head, which is always aoiibme, and fiequentiy mor.
«»l. South.

Fumes cannot tranfude through the bag of an im.

fcftbume. Hantj.

Impo'stor. h,/, \impcfteur, Fr. from impofe;

impofiior, Latin.] One who cheats by a

fiditious charafter.

Shame and pain, poyer(]r and ficknefs, yea death
and hell itfelf, are but the trophies of thofe fatal con-

3uefts got by that grand imfoftar, the devil, over the
eluded fans ot men. South.

Impo'sture. It. /. [ImfoJIure French; im-
foftura, Latin.] Cheat; fraud; fuppofi-
tioufne/s; cheat committed by giving to
perfons or things a falfe charafter. ^
That the foul, and angels have nothing to do with
groffer locality i$ generally opinioned; but who is
it that retains not a great part of the imfojlurt, by
allowing them a deiinitive ubl, which is Itill but
imagination f G/airviUt's Scfffs.

Open to them fo many of the interior fccrets of
this myfterious art, without Impofture or invidious
leferre. Evc/jn.

We know how fuceefsful the late ufurper was,
while his army believed him real in his zeal againft
kinglhip ; but when they found out the imfofiure,
upon hu afpirinj to the fame himfelf, he was pre-
fentjy dcferted, and never able to crown his ufurped
greatnels with that title. South.

Form new legends.
And fill the world with follies and impofiurii. Irne.
I'mpotence. 1 ^ . T • 1

I'm p o T E N c Y . J "-J- ""P"""""' Latin . ]
I. Want of power; inability; irabecillity;
weaknefs.

Some were poor by imfotency ^nature; as young

fatherlefs children, old decrepit perfons, ideots, and

«r'PI>'«- Sir J. Haj-ward.

VVcaknefj, or the imfoteiut of eiercifing animal

motion, attends feveis. Arbuihnot.

Cod is a friend and a father, whofe care fupplies

our wants, and defends our impoter.ct, and (torn

whofe compaiEon in Chrift we hope for eternal glory

hereafter. Rcgcn.

This is not a reftraint or impotincy, but the royal

prerogative of the moft abfolute king of kinesj that

he wills to do nothing but what he can ; and that

h:: can do oothiog which is rcjugnant to his divine

goodoefs

JBe^il,

i. Ungoveraablenefs of pa3ion. A Latin
fignification ; atiimi imfoientia.
■ V'" he, fo wife, let IsDle at once his ire,
Belike through impotence, or unaware.
To give his enemies their wi(h, and end
Them in his anger, whom his anger faves,
To punii}) endlefs i Mi/ton.

Yet alt combiii'd.
Your beauty and mji impudence of mind. Dryden.

3. Incapacity of propagation.
Dulnefs with obfceniiy miift prove
As hateful, fure, as impoienct in love. Vi^.

I'MPOTENT. atij. [impotent, French; im-
potem, Latin.]

1. Weak; feeble; wanting force; waiuing
power. 0*

We that are ftrong muft bear the imbecillity of
the impotent, and not pleafe ourfelves. Huoker.

Yes wealth it impolmt
To gain dominion, or to keep it gsin'd. AliitoH.

Although in dreidiul whirls we hung.
High on the biokcn wave,

I kntw thou wett not flow to hear,
li*t Impotent to fave. AJ.Jif.nU Speeiator.

2. Difabled by nature or difcafe.

In thofe porches lay a great multitude oVimpottnt

fclk, of blind, hilt, aad wiOjered. "Jolm, r, 3,

I MP

There fat a certain man, impoteitl'iti hii feet, being
a cripple from his mother's womb, who never had
walked. Aas, xiv.

I have leam'd that fearful commenting
It leaden fervitor to dull decay ;
Delay leads impotent and fnail-pac'd beggary.

Shakefpeare.

The impotent poor might be reliev'd, and the idle
forced to labour. Temple.

3. Withoutpowcrof reftraint. [Animiitn-

potens.'\

With jealous eyes at diftance (he had feen,
Whifp'ring with Jove, the diver-footed queen ;
Then, impotent of tongue, her filcnce broke.
Thus turbulent in rattling tone (he fpoke. Dryden.

4. Without power of propagation.

He told beau Prim, who is thought impotent,

that his miftrcfs would not have him, becaufe he

is a floven, and had committed a rape. Tatler.

1'mpotentlt. adv. [from impotent']

Without power.

Proud Cafar, 'midft triumphal can.
The Ipoils of nations, and the pomp of wars.
Ignobly vain, anii impolentJy gteM,
Shew'd Rome her Cato's figure drawn in ftate.

cr T ^'■f"-

7a Impound, nj. a. [in and pound. See

Pound.]

1. To inclofe as in a pound ; to (hut in 4 to
confine.

The great care was rather how to impound the
rebels, that none of them might efcape, than that
any doubt was made to vanquifli tJiem. Bacon.

2. To fhut up in a pinfold.

England
Hath taken and impounded as a ftray
The king. Sbaltefpeare't Henry V.

Seeing him wander about, 1 took him up (or a
ftray, and impounded him, with intention to reftore
him to the right owner. Dryd.

To Impo'wir. See Empower.
Impr.\'cticable. adj. [impraBkaUe ,

French, in and praSicatle."]
I. Not to be performed; unfeafible ; ira-

poflible.

Had there not been ftill remaining bodies, the legi-
timate offsprings of the antediluvian earth, 'twould
have been an extravagant and impmdicable un
.i*.t«bi — .- I _i . . ' . .

_ — — — .....—Q.... u,,u .rnyr Hii..M(/j. Un-
dertaking to have gone about 10 determine any
thing concerning it. H'oodtvard.

To preach up the neceflity of that which our ex-
perience tells us is utterly impraaitable, vitK to
affright mankind with the terrible profpeft of uni-
verfal damnation. Rogeri.

2. Untraftable ; unmanageable; ftubborn.

'I'hat tierce impraaicatle nature
It governed by a dainty-fingered girl. Roue.

Impka'cticableness. ». /. [from im-
praSlicatle.]

1. Jmpoffibility.

1 do not know a greater mark of an able mi-
mfter than that of rightly adapting the feveral facul-
ties of men, nor is any thing more to be lamenicd
than ihampraHical/ent/s of doing this. S-ui/t.

2. Lniraiftablenefs; llubbornefs.

To I'.VIPRKCA'IE. 'V. a. [imprecor, Latin.]
To call for evil upon himfelf or others,
Impreca'tion. n. /. [imprecatio, Latin;
imprecation, French, from imprecate.]
Curfe; prayer by which any evil is
wiihed to another or himfelf.

My mother fiw^ the hoirid furies raife
W'lh intprtcaiioni. Clinpmjn's Odyffey

Sir ]i,hn Holham, uncurled by sny imprecation oi
mine, paid his own and hiselJcft fon's heads. King.

Wiih imprtcaiion, thus he fill'd the air.
And angry Neptune heard th' unrighteous pray'r.
., Pope.

Imprecatory, adj. [from imprecate.]

Containing wifhes of evil.
To Impre'cn. 11. a. [in and pr,egno,

Latin.] To fill with young; to fi!)

IMP

with any matter or quality; to make
pregnant.

In her ears the found
Yet rung of his perfusfive words, impregn^d
With reafon, to her feeming. Milton.

Th' unfruitful rock itfelf, impregn'd by thee.
Forms lucid rtones. Tbomftn

IMPRE'GNABLE. adj. [impregnable. P>.]
I. Not to be ftormed; not to be taken.

Two giants kept themfelves in a caftle, feated upon
the top of a rock. Impregnable, becaufe there was
no coming to it but by one narrow path, where one
man's force was able to keep down an army. Sidney.

Let us be back'd with God, and with the feas.
Which he h.id given for fence impregnable.
And with their helps alone defend ourfelves. Sbak.

Haft thou not him, and all
Which he calls his, inclofed with a wall
Of ftrength impregnable f Sandyt.

There the Capitol thou fee 'ft.
Above the reft lifting his ftately head
On the Tarpeian rock, her citadel
Impregnable. M;l,on,

2. Unfhaken; unmoved; unaffeded ; in-
vincible.

The man's affeiaion remains wholly uncon-
cerned and impregnable; juft like a rock, which,
being plied continually by the waves, ftill throws
them back again, but is not at all moved. South.
Impre'onably. ad-v. [from impregnable]
in fuch a manner as to defy force or
hoftility.

A caftle ftrongly feated on a high rock, joineth

by an ifthmus to the land and is impregnably forti-

^^^^- , Sandy,.

7 0 Impregnate, -v. a. [in and preggni,,

Latin.]
I. To fill with young; to make prolifick.

Hermaphrodites, although they include the parts
of bothfexes, Qinixat impregnate themfelves. Sro-wn.

Chriltianitv is of fo proliHck a nature, fo apt to
impregnate the hearts and lives of its profclytes.

that It IS hard to inidgine that any branch Ifiould
want a due fertiiuy. D,,y, of Piety.

2. [Jmpiegner, French.] To fill; to fatu-
rate.

3. In the followi.ig example, impregnai^
may be perh.ips an adjeftive.

Impregnate, from their loins they (hed
Allimyjuice. Dryden' ! Virgil.

-i-i. L "■""" "" ""^''' '''°°<' '•'' monfters mix'd-
I he blood, endu'd with animating hear, '

Did in the impregnate earth new fons beget. Dryd
Impregna'i JON. n.J. [<ixom impregnate.]

1. The aft of making prolifick ; fecunda-
tion.

They ought to refer matters unto councellors,
which IS the firft begetting or impregnation; but
when they are elaborate m the womb of iheircoun-
fe , and grow ripe to be brought forth, then they
take the matter back into their own hands. Bacon.

2. That with which any thing is impree-
nated. *'

What could implant in the body fuch peculiar
impregnation!, as (hould have fuch power? Derham.

3. [Imprepnation.Vr.] Saturation. Jin/nM.
Impreju'dicate. adj. [in prcc, and y«.

duo, Latin.] Unprejudiced; not pre
pofTefled ; impartial.

The folid reafon of one man with imprrjudicatt
apprehenfions, begets at firm a belief as the autho-
rity or aggregated teftiniony of many hundreds.
, , • . Brotvit,

Imprepara'tion. n./. [in mA prcpara.
tion.] Unpftparednefs; want of prepa-
ration.

Impreparation and unreadinefs when they find in
us, they turn it to the foothiug up of themfelves.

To IMPRE'SS. V. a. [impreffttm, Latin^j'
I. To print by preffure; to Itamp.

When

1 M-P

When GoJ from e»rth fonnM Adam In A\t B»ft, |
He his own imige on the clay imftrji. Detiham. I

The conquering chief his loot imfitjl I

On the ftrong neck ol that dellrudlive bcaft. DryJ. |

2. To fix ilccp.

We (hould dwell upon the irgumenti, and tmfrtfi
die motives of perfuaficn upon our own hearta, 'till
we feel the force ot them. iValtt.

3. To mark, as impreffed hy a (lamp.

So foul and ugly, that exceeding fear
Their vifages imfrrji, when they approached near.

Spenfer,

4. To force into fervice. This 13 generally
now fpoken anti written ^r^.

His age has charms in it, his title more,
To pluck the common bofoms on his fide,
And turn our imprtfi launces in our eyes
Which do command them. Shakrff. King Lear.

Macheih (hall never vanquilh'd be, until
Great Birnam-wood to Dunfinane's high hill
Shall come againft him.

That will never bt:

Who can imprr/i the foreft, bid the tree

Unfix his earth-bound root? Siaie/f. Maehetb.

Ormond Oiould contribute all he could (or the
making thofe leviti of men, and for imfreffing of
(hips. Clurendm,

Impre'ss. tt.f. [from the verb.]
J. Mark made by preffure.

This weak imfrefs of love is as a figure
Trenched in ice, which with an hour's heat
DilTolves to water. Shak. Tivo Gent, of Verona.

They having taken the imfrejfei of the infides
of thcfe Ihells with that exquilite nicenefs, as to ex-
prcfs even the linert lineaments of them. fVoodviaid.

2. EfFefts of one fubftancc or another.

How objefts are rcprefented to myfclf I cannot
be ignorant; but in what manner they are received,
and what imprcjfei they make upon the differing
crgani of another, he only knows that feels them.

Gtanville^i Scepjii.

3. Mark of diftinftion; ftamp.

God, furveying the works of the creation, leaves
us this general imfrefs or character upon them, that
they were exceeding good. South.

4. E)evice; motto.

To defcribe emblazon'd Ihields,
ImpreJJes nm\M, caparifons, and fteedf,
'Bales, and tinfels, trappings. Millon,

5. Aft of forcing any into fervice; cora-
pulfion ; feizure. Now commonly /rj/}.

Ajax was here the voluntar}', and you as under an
imprefi. Sbakef

Why fuch imprefi of (hipwrights, whofe fore talk
Does not divide the Sunday from the week ? Sbak.

Your (hips are not well mann'd;
Vour mariners are mulitcers, reapers, people
Ingroft by fwift impreji, Sbakf. Ant. andCleop.

Impre'ssion. «. /. \JmpreJto, Lat. im-
prejjion, Fr.]

1. The aft of prefling one body upon ano-
ther.

Senfation is fuch an {mprefjian or motion, made
in fome part of the body, as produces fome percep-
tion in i!ic underlianding. Locke.

2. Mark made by preffure ; ftamp.

Like to a chaos, or unlick'd bear-whelp,
That carries no impreffioti like the dam. Siakef.

3. Image fixed in the mind.

Were the offices of religion ftriptof all the external
decencies, they would not make a due imprefjiun on
the mind. Anerbury.

The falfe reprefentationt of the kingdom's ene-
mies had made fome impreffton in the mind of the
fucielfor. Svjift.

4. Efficacious agency; operation; influence.

The king hath made him high (heri(f of SulTei,
that he might the better make imfrejion upon that
CO'^infy. Clarendon.

We lie open to the imprejftoni of flattery, which
we admit without fcruple, becaufe we think we de-
ferve it. Aiterbuty.

Univerfal gravitation is above all mechanifm, and
proceeds iiram a divine eactgy and imfreffiim.

Benlley.

fM P

There ii i real knowledge of truterftl tVm{«,
when the thing itfelf, and the real aflion and iw-
pie^on thereof on our fenfes, is perceived. Cbeynt.

5. tffeft of an attack.

Such a defeat of near two hundred horfe, fe-
conded w.th two thoufand foot, may furely en-
dure a comparifon with any of the hnst&imprtjftont
in ancient lime . ffuten.

6. Edition; number printed at once; one
courfe of printing.

To be diftraded with many opinions, makes men
(0 be of the lad imptejjion, and full of change.

Bacon.

For ten impreffiont, which his works have had in

'^ fo many years, at prefeftt a hundred books are

fcarcely purchafcd once a twelvemonth. Dryden,

Impre'ssible. adj. [/» andi freffum, Latin.]
What may lie impreffed.

The diflerences of imfreffible and not imfrejfible,
figurable and not figurabje, are plebeian notions.

Bacon*3 Natural Hijloiy.
Impre'ssure. ». /. [from imprefs.'\ The
mark made by preffure; the dint; the
impreffion.

Lean but upon a rulh.
The cicatrice and capable intfreffurt
Thy palm fome moments keeps. Shakefpeare.

To Impei'nt. 'V. a. [(,OT/W»j«'r, French.]

1. To mark upon any fubftance by preffure.

One of the fame feal, imprinted upon pieces of
wax of different colours. Holder*! Elem. of Speecb.

Having furveyed the image of God in the foul
of man, we are not to omit thofe charaiflers of ma.
jefty that God imprinted upon the body. South.

She amidll his fpacious meadows flows ;
Inclines her urn upon his fatten'u lands.
And fees his num'rous herds imprint her fands.

Prior.

2. To ftamp words on paper by the ufe
of types.

3. To fix on the mind or memory.

There is a kind of conveying of effe^ual and im-
printing pafTagcs, amongtf comf liments which is of
fingular ul'e. Bacon.

We have all thofe ideas in our underdandings
which we can make the objefts of our thoughts,
without the help of thofe fcnfible qualities which
firfl imprinted them. Locke.

Retention is the power to revive again in our
minds thofe ideas, which, after imprinting, have
difappeared. Locke.

By familiar acquaintance he has got the ideas of
thofe two different things diftin^y imprinted on hit
mind. Locke.

4. To Impri NT jzr is lefs proper.

When we fet before our eyes a round globe, the
idea imprinted in our mind is of a flat circle, va-
rioufly Ihadowed. Locke.

•Ti Impri'son. rj, a. \itnprifoiiiier, Fr. ///and
prifon.~\ To (hut up; to confine ; to keep
from liberty ; to reftrain in place.

He imprifon'd was in chains remedilcfs ;
For that Hippolytus' rent corfe he did redrefs.

* Spenfer.

Now we arc in the ftreet, he firft of all,
Improvidently proud, creeps to the wall';
And fo imprifon'd and hemm'd in by mCi
Sells for a little dale his liberty. Donne.

Try to imprifon the refill lefs wind ;
So fwift is guilt, fo hard to be confin'd. Dryden.

If a man imprifons himlelf in his clofet, and
employs reafon to find out the nature of the corporeal
world, without experiments, he will frame a fcneme
of chimeras. kfaitt.

It is not improbable, that all the rirtual heat
in the juices of vegetables, metals, and minerals,
may be owing to the adtion of the imfrifoned rays.

Cheyne,

Impri'sonment. tt.f. \empr'ifontument , Fr.
from »'m/r//e//.] Confinement; claufure;
ftate of being (hut in prifon. It may be
wiitten tmprifunmnt.

I M P

His (!oews waxen weak and raw,
Through long impri/onmtnt and hard conftraint,

Spinftr,
■ ■Which (hall I firft bewail.
Thy bondage or loll fight ?
Thou art become, O worfl Imprlfonmenl !
The dungeon of thyfelf. Milton's AgomJIet.

From retentive cage
When fullen Philomel efcapes, her notet
She varies, and of pall imprifonment
Sweetly complains. Philllpt.

Count Scrini, dill clofe prifoner in this caftle,
loft his fenfes by his long imprifonment and afHic.
lions. Addifon.

It is well if they don't fix the brand of herefy
on the man who is leading them out of their lorig
imprifonment, and loofing the fetters of their fouls.

yVaits on the Mind.
Improbabi'lity. ». /. [from improbable.'^
Unlikelihood; difficulty to be believed.

The difficulty, and the improbability of attempt-
ing this fuccefstully is great Hammond,
As to the imptobabilitiei of a fpirit appearing,
I boldly anfwer him, that a heroick poet is not
tied to the bare reprefentation of what is true, ot
exceeding probable. Dryden.
ImprO'bable. adj. [improbable, Fr. imprO'
babilis, Latin ; in and probable. \ Unlike-
ly ; incredible.

This account of party-patches will appear imprc
bable to thofe who live at a didance from the la-
(hionablc world. AdJifon.

Impro'bablv. adv. [from improhabU.\

1. Without likelihood.

2. In a manner not to be approved. Ob-
folete.

Ariftotle tells us, if a drop of wine be put into
ten thoufand meafures of water, the wine being
overpowered, will be turned into water : he fpeaks
%xry improbably. Boyle.

To I'mprobate. I', a. [in and probo, La-
tin.] Not to approve. Aiitfivirth.

Improba'tion. //. /. [impnbatlo, Latin;
improbaiion, French.] Aft of difallowing.

Ainfiuorlo,

ImpRo'sttV. ». y. [imfrobilas, imprtbus,
Latin.] Want of honefty; difhonefty;
bafenefs.

He was perhaps excommunicable, yea, and caft

out for notorious improbity. Hooker.

We balance the improbity of the one with tlie

improbity of the other. L'E/frange.

To Improi.i'ficate. <v, a. [in and proli-
fck.'] To impregnate; to fecundate. A
word not ufed.

A difficulty in eggs is how the fperm of the cock
Impr.olificates, and makes the oval conception fruit-
ful. Brown,
IMPRO'PER. adj. [impropre, Fr. impro.
prius, Latin.]

1. Not well adapted ; unqualified.

As every fcience requires a peculiar genius, fo
likcwife there is a genius peculiarly improper for
every one. Burnet,

2. Unfit ; not conducive to the right end.

I'he methods ufed in an original difeafe would
be very improper in a gouty cafe. ArbutbnotiM Diet,
2. Notjult; not accurate.

He difappear'd, was rarify'd;
For 'tis improper fpecch to fay he dy'd :
Hewas exhal'd. Drydem

Impro'perly. ad'v, [from improper,']

1. Not fitly; incongruoufly.

2. Notjuftly; not accurately.

Improperly we meafure life by breath :
Such do not truly live who merit death. Dryd. Juv.

They alTuting me of their alfidance in corrctfing
my faults where 1 fpoke improperly, I was encou-
raged. Drydem.

Ta Impropriate, v, a, [in »ni propriut,
Latin.] ,1

To

r

I M P

1 • To convert to private ufc ; to feize to

himfelf.

For the pardon of tht reft, the king thought it
not tit it lliould pafs by parliament ; the better,
being matter of grace, to VfOrDpriate the thanks to
hiir.felf. B,ieon't firm Y V II.

2, To put the poflefllons of the church into
the hands of laicks.

Mrs. Gulfton being poircffed of the impro-
priate parfonage of Bardwell in Sut&lk, did procure
from the king leave to annej the fame to the vi-
carage. Sprlman^
ImpROPRIa'tION. «.yl [from impnfriate.'\
An impr:yfriaiion is properly fo called when tlie
r church land is in the hands of a layman ; and an
appropriation is when it is in the hands ot a bilhop,
college, oi religious houfe, though fomctimes thefe
terms are confounded. Ayliffc't I'arirgjn.
Having an imfnjprijiion in his eitaie, he took a
courfe to difpoie of it for the augmentation ot the
vicarage. S^flmjtt.
Impropria'tor. n. f. [from impropriate. '\
A layman that has the pofleflion of the
lands of the church.

Where the vicar leafes his glebe, the tenant muft
pay the great tyihes to the reftoror impropriator.

Aylifft^i Farergon.

Impropri'etv. ». /. \Jmpropriete, Fr.

from impmpriui, Lat. ) Unfitnefs ; un-

fuitablenefs ; inaccuracy; want of jull-

nefs.

I'hefe mighty ones, whofe ambition could fuSer
them to be called gods, would never be flattered into
immortality ; but the proudeft have been convinced
of the imfrcpriety ol that appellation.

Br'j'ivnU J^ulgar En ours.

Many grofs improfiiieli^s, however autliorizcd by

praUicc, ought to be difcardcd. Swift,

Impro'sperOus. adj. [;« and pre/peroiii.^

Unhappy ; unfortunate ; not fuccefsful.

This method is in the defign probable, how Im-
frofptrou: foevcr the wiclcednefs of men hath ren-
dered the fuccel"? of it. HammonJ.
Our pride feduces us atonc< into the guilt of bold,
aod funi().mcntof>ii>^r«^rrs<rrrebcli.

Dtcay of Piety.

Seven revolving years are wholly run.

Since the improfprroui voyage we begun. Drydtn.

ImpRo'speruUSI.v. adi:. [from impn-

/perous.'\ Unhappily; unfuccefsfully ;

with ill fortune.

This eiperimeot liai been but very imfrcfpfroufly
auemptej. B'yie.

Impro'vable. adj. [from imprcnif.] Ca-
pable of being advanced from a good to
a better ftate ; capable of melioration.

Adventures in kno^edge are laudaplc, and the
cflTays of weaker heads aiibtd improvajii^ bints unto
bftter. Bro-un.

We have Oock enough, and that too of fo /m-
frmable \ nature, that is, Capable of infin-.tc ad-
vancement. Decay of Piily.
Man is accommodated with moral principles,
imj^mahlt by the exercife of his faculties.

Hale': Origin of Mankind,

Animals are not impri/ijable beyond their proper

genius : a dog will never learn to mew, nor a cat to

bark. Creiv,

I have a fine fpread of improvable lands, and am

already plaotmg woods and draining irurfhes.

AJdif'in's •'ipeHalor,
1m P Ro'vA B L E N ESS. n.f. [from improvable ."^

Capablcnefs of being matle better.
Impko'v A Bi. y . a</xi. [from imprrvable.^ In

a manner that admits of melioration.
To Impro've. t/. a. [/■« and/rs^«/. 9jinft
'■ prohumfacere,'\ Hhtmer,

, I. To ailvance any thing nearer to per-
feftion ; to raife from good to better.
We amend a bad, h\i\. improve 3 good thing.
r love Wit 4o Lfprove the honour of the living by
impairing that of the dwd. ilmham.

V01..I.

IMP

Heaven Teems Inprcrv'd with a fuperior ray,
And the bright arch reflects a double day. Pope,

2 . [/» and prove ; improwver, French ; f»»-
probo, Latin,] To difprove. Now dif-
ufed.

Though the prophet Jeremy was unjiiftly accufed,
yet doth not l]ut improT/e any thing that J have fjid.

fyHigifte,

To Impro've. -v. n. To advance in good-
nefs.

We take care to improve in our frugality and
diligence; virtues which become us, particularly in
times of war, Atttrbury,

Improvement, n.f. [from improve.^

1. Melioration; advancement of any thing
from good to better.

Some virtues tend to the prefervation of health,
and others to \SM.impro-ueniim andfecurity of elites.

Tillotfon.

2. Act of improving; fomething added or
changed for the better : fometimes with
oit.

The parts of Sinon, Camilla, and Tome few others,
are improvements on the Greek poet, Addlfon.

3. Progrefs from good to better.

There is a dellgn of pubtiHiing the hiilory of ar-
chiteAurc, with its leveral imfrovemenn and decays.

Addifon,

4. Inftrudion ; edification.

1 look upon your city as ihe-beft place of /w^rovf-
ment : from the fchool we go to the univeriitv, but
from the univerlities to London. South.

5. Effeft of melioration.

Love is the greateft of human attention;, and friend-
fhip the noblcft and moll rehned improvement of love.

South.
Imp Ro'v ER. ».yi [from rflf/coax'.]
I. One that makes himfelf or any thing
elfe better.

They were the greateft improvers of thofe qualifi-
cations with which courts ufed to be adorned.

Clarendijn.

The firft flarted ideas have been examined, and
maiiy effe^ually confuted by the*late /m^roim of
this way. Loclte.

Homer is like a fkilful improver, who places a
beautiful fhitue fo as to anfwer leveral vittas. Pope.

z. Any thing that meliorates.

Chalk is a vciy great im f rover of molt lands.

Mortimer.
Improvi'ded. <J^', \impror,ifus, Latin; im-
pre^u, Fr.] Unforefecn ; unexpeded;
unprovided againft.
She fuborncd hath
This crafty mcifenger with letters vain.
To work new woe, and improvidtd fcath.
By breaking off ilie band bctwiit us twain. Spenftr.

Impro'vidence. n. f, [from improvident. "^
Want of forethought ; want of caution.

Men would efcape floods; by running up to moun-
tains ; and tlioiigh fomc might perilh through im-
providence, many would cfcape. Hate,

The improvidence o( my neighbour muft not make
me inhuman. VEjlraiige,

IMPRO;VlDENT. adj. \improvidus, Lat.]
Wanting forecail ; wanting care to pro-
vide.
' Improvident h\i\tn, had your watch been good.
This fiiddcn milchief never could li ive laH'n. .Vi.i/f.
When men Wf--ll h-iv f J, the Nnod being warm,
Then are ihcy mofl impr:vidtnt of harm, Daitit-l,
I (hall conclude this digiclUon, and return to the
time when that brific and improvidenl refolution was
Ukcn. Clarendon.

'J'his were an imprrvid/nt revenge in the young
ones, whereby they mufldflfroy thcmlelvcs. Brovn,
I .VI p K (Vv I D E N T I, Y.ady, [from improvident, ]
Without forethought ; without care.

Now we are in the ftrcct, he fiift of ail,
Impiovidtntiy proud, creeps to the wall ;
And fo imprifon'd, and hcmm'd in by me,
ScUvfcr a little flalc his liberty. Donne,

I M P

Improvi'sion. tt. /. [in and prcvijtott.l
Want of forethought.

Her improvifion would be juftly accufable. Brawn,
Impru'dence. rf. /. [impnidenoe, French;
impnidentia, Latin.] Want of prudence;
indifcretion ; negligence ; inattention to
intereft,
IMPRU'DENT. adj. [imprudettt.Y itnch;
impntdens, Latin ] Wanting prudence ;
injudicious; indifcreet; negligent.

There is no fuch imprudent perfoa as he that nc-

glcits God and his foul. Titlotjin.

I'mpudence. 7 n. f, [impudence, French;

I'.MPUDENCY. 5 impudentia, Lat. J .Sham«-

leffnefs ; immodefty,

I ne'er heard yet
That any of thefe bolder vii:es wanted
Lels impudence to gainfay what they did,
Than to perform it lirll. Sbaliefp. Winter's Tale,

Nor did Noah's infirmity juftily Cham's impu-
dency, or exempt him from that curfc of being fer-
vantof fcrvanti. K. Charles.

Thofe clear truths, that either their own evidence
forces us to admit, or common experience makes it
impudence to denv. ij>cke

rMPUDENT.'fli//. limpudent, French; m-

pudens, Lat.]
I . Shamelefs ; wanting modefty.

It is not a confideiit brow, nor the throng of words
that come with fuch more than /»/>»</(•« fawcinefs
from you, can thruft me from a level conlideration.
Sbakfp. Henry IV.

When we behold an angel, not to fear,
Is to be impudent. Drydcn's Spanifh Fryar.

z, Unchalle; immodeft.
1'mpudentlv. sdv. [from impudent.'^
Shamelefsly ; without modefty.

At once atlail *

With open mouths, and impudently rail. Sandys.

Why Ihould foft Fabius impudently bear
Names gain'd by conqueft in the Gallic war .>
Why lays he claim to Hercules his drain,
Yet dares be bafe, effeminate, and vain ? Dryden.
To IMPU'GN. V. a. [impttgnn; French;
impiigno, Lzt.'\ To attack; to afl'ault by
law or argument.

Of a ftraiige nature is thefuit you follow ;
Yet in fuch rule, that the Venetian law
Cannot impugn you. Shakefp. Merchant of Venice.

I cannot think myfelf engaged to difcourle of lots,
as to their nature, ufe, and allowablenefs ; and that
notonlyin matters of moment and bulinefs; but alfo
of recreation, which is impugned by fome, though
better defended by others. South.

St, llierom reportcth, that he faw one of thefe in

his time; but the truth hereof I will not rafhiy im-

ptign, or over-boldly affirm, Peacbain on Ora-iving.

Impu'cner. n.f. [from impt/gn,] One

that attacks or invades.
Impui'ssance. ft. /. [French,] Impo-
tence; inability; weaknefs; feeblenefs.

As he would not trull Ferdinando and Maximilian
for fupporis of war, fo the impuijfance of the one,
and ihe double proceeding of the other, lay fair for
him foroccafions to accept of Peace. Bacon,

I'MPULSE. »./ [impulfm, Lat.]
I. Communicated force: the cScd of one
body afting upon another.

If thefe litile iinpulfrs fet the great wheels of

devotion on work, the largenefs and height of that

(hall not at all be prejudiced by the fmallnefs of its

occafion. South,

Bodies produce ideas in us manifcllly by impulfe.

L.cke.
Bodier, from the impulfe of a fluid, can only
graviiaie in propurlion to tliejr furlaccs, and not
according to ihrir quantity of matter, which is con-
trary to experience, Citeyne.

z. Influence atfling upon the mind ; motive;
idea iinprilTed.

Mean time, by Jove's imptilfe, Meicntiuj arm'J,

Succeiidtd Turnui. Dr\Jcn.

6 L '1 bele

i M p

Theft *«« my nituril tmfulfn for the unJIef-
iiVing ; but there wai in tCcidenMl motiTc, wliich .
WIS full M forcible. Dtyicn.

Mofcs faw the bulh bum without being con-
fumed, and heard a voice out of it: this was fome-
thiog, befidfs finding an imfxlfc upon his mind to
go to Pharaoh, that die might bring his brethren out
of Egypt. L*cke.

3. Honile impreffion.

Like two great rocks againft ttie raging tide,
Unmot'd the two united chiefs abide,
Sullain the imfiJfc, and receive the war. Prior.

Impu'lsiom. «./ [/»»^«^<?«, French; im-
puUiit, Latin.3

I. lite agency of body in motion upon
body.

The motion in the minute part* of any folid body
pjOeth without found ; for that found that is heard
iometimcs is produced only by the breaking of the
air, and not by the inrfuljion of the air. Bm>n,

To the imfuljion there is requifiie the force of the
\aif that moveth, and the refiiiance of the body that
is .moved; and if ihc body be loo great, it yicldeih
tw> littlej and if it be too fmall, it refifteih too
lulle. bacon't Natural llijti^ry.

X. Influence operating upon the mind.

But thou didll plead
Divine imfwlfian, promfting how thou might'll
Find fome otcafion to infeO our foes. Mill. AgoniJIts.
jMru'LsiVE. aij. \impulfif, French, from
mfyl/t.'] Having the power of iropulfe ;
moving; impellent.

Nature and duty bind him 10 obedience ;
But thofe being placed in a lower fpherc,
His fierce ambition, like the fvighelt move/.
Has hurried with a ftrong imfuljivc motion
Againll their proper courfe. Denhum's Sofhy.

What is the fountain or imfulfivi caufe of this
yevenlion of fin > It is pcrkftly ficegracc. Soktb.

Poor men ! poor papers ! we and they
Do fome impuf^ve force obey.
And are but play'd with, do not play. Prior,

Impu'nity. «. yi Umpuniti, French; im-
puttiias, Latin.] Freedom from punilh-
ment ; exemption from punifhment.

In the condition of fubje^s tliey will gladly con-
tinue, as long as they may be proteiied and jultly
governed, without opptenion on the one iide, or im-
punity on the other. Davits.

A general impurtify would confirm them ; for the
^nilgar will ntvtr believe, that there is a crime where
they fee no penalty. Addifon.

Men, potent in the commonwealth, will employ
their ill-gotten influence towards procuring impMniiy,
or extorting undue favours for themfelves or de-
pendents. Altirbtiry.

IMPLTRE. adj. [impur, French; impurus,

Latin.]
I, Defiled with guilt ; unholv : of men.

No more can impurt man retain and more
In that pure region of a worthy love.
Than earthly fubftance can unforc'd afpire,
.'knd leave his nature to converfe with fire. Donni,

1, Contrary to fanftity ; unhallowed; un-
holy: of things.

Hypocrites auftereW talk.
Condemning as impure what Cod has made
Fuie, and commandt to fome, leaves free to all.

Milton.

3. Unchafte.

If black fcandal, or foul-fac'd reproach.
Attend the fequcl of your impofition,
■Vour meer enforcement (hall acquictance me
from all the impurt blots and Hains thereof. SliaktJ.

One could not devife a more proper hell for an
impure fpirit, than that which Plato has touched
upon. Addijan.

4. Feculent; foul with extraneous mix-
tures; droffy.

Impu'rily. adv, [from impure.} With

impurity.
Impu'reness. I ». /. [impurvte, French;
Impu'ritt. 5 impuriUnhtX, iiova im-

f»rt.} r S I

i M p

1. Want of ftnftity ; want of holincfi.

2. Aft of unchaftity.

toul impurities reigned among the monkifh clergy.

Atterbury.

3. Feculent admixture.

Cleanfe the alimentary duQ by «>mtting and
clyfters, the imfurititt of *hich will be carried into
the blood. Arbullimt.

To Impu'rple. t. a. \tmfaurprer, French,
from purplt.'] To make red ; to colour
as with purple.

Now in loofe garlands, thick thrown off, the bright
Pavement, that like a fca of Jafper (hone,
Impurpled whh ccleftial rofes, fmil'd. Milton,

Impu'table. adj. [from impuif.]

1. Chargeable upon any one; that of which
one may be accufed.

The tiiit fort of foolifhnefi is tmputaile to them.

South,

2. Accufable; chargeable with a fault.
Not proper.

If the wife departs from her hufband, through any
default of his, as on the account of cruelty, then he
(hall be compelled to allow her alimony ; for the law
deems her to be a dutiful viife os long as the fault
lies at his door, and Ihe in no wife imputable.

AyUffe.

Lmp u'tableness. n. f. [from impuiaiie.}
The quality of being imputable.

'Tis neceffary to the imputatleneft of an aflion,
that it be avoidable. Norrrs.

Impvta'tion. n. /. [imputation, Yxcnch,
from inpule.]

1, Attribution of any thing: generally of
ill.

Truft to ine, Ulyffes ;
Oor imputation (hall be oddly pois'd
In this «ild aflion. S/jjie/p. Troilui and CteJiJa.

If a fon that is fent by his father about mer-
chandife, do fall into fome lewj aAion, the im-
putu ion of his wickednefs, by your rule, (hould be
impofed upon his father. Sbaltefpeare.

To ule ii,'.;lleiSions and volitions in the inlinite

cflence, as hypoihcfes, is allowable ; but a rigorous

imputation it derogatury to him, and arrogant in us.

Glanville's Scepjis.

I have formerly faid that 1 could diliinguilh your
writings from thole of any other's : 'lis now time to
clear myfclf from any imputation of fclf-conceit on
that fubjedl. Dryden.

2, Sometimes of good.

If I had a fuit to malfcr Shallow, I would humour
his men with the imputation of being near their
marter. Hhakefpeare,

3. Ccnfure; reproach.

Whaifocver happens they alfo the leaft feel that
fcourge of vul^it imputation, which notwthftjnding
they deferve. Hooter.

I>ct us be careful td guard ourfelves againft thefe
groundlefs imputations of our enemies, and to rife
above them. Addijon.

Neilhcr do I rcfleft upon the memory of his late
Majeliy, whom I entirely acquit of any imputation
upon this matter. Svift.

4. Hint ; flight notice.

Anihonio is a good man.

— Have you heard any trnpulation to the contrary ?

— No, no ; my meaning is to have you underftaiid

me that he is fufficient. S/bake/p. Merchant of Venice.

Imputa'tive. fl<^". [from impute.] That
which may impute. Ainjiuorth.

To IMPUTE, a-, a. \imputer, French ; im-
putt, Latic]

I , To charge upon ; to attribute : gene-
rally ill ; fometimes good.

It was imputed to him for righteoufncfs.

Romans, iv. 22.

Men in their innovations Ihould follow the example
of time, which innovateth but quietly, and by de-
grees fcarce to be perceived ; for oiherwifc whaifo-
cver it new and unlooked for, ever mends fome,
and impain othen; and be tbat ii boljA takes it

IMP

ht X fottUflc Md thanks the lime ; ind he ihatih
hurt for a wrong, imputeii it to the author.

Baton's EJfayi,

I made it by your pctfualion, to fatisfy thulc who
imputed it to folly. 'Temple,

Imputt your dangers to our ignorance . Dryden,

I'lus obl'curity cannot -be i^ff^nrci/ to want of Ian*
gu.ige in lb gre.1t a mafler of (file. iMkt.

I have read a book imputed\t> lord Batliurft, oalled
ft dldertation on parties. Svift,

2. To reckon to one what doe* not pro-
perly belong to him.

Thy merit
Imputed (hall abfolve them who renounce
Their own both righteous and unrighteous deeds.

Milton.
iMTv'rzVi. rt. /. [from impute."] He thltt

imputes.
In, fref, [in Latin.]

1. Noting the place where any thing is
prefent ; not without.

/« fchool of love are all things taught we fee ;
There Icarn'd this maid ofarms the direful guife.

fjirjjie.

Is this place here not fu65cient ftrong
To guard us in ? Daniel's Civil If^ar,

2. Noting the ftate or thing prefent at any
time.

The other is onVy by error and mifconceitnamej
the ordinance of Jelus Chriti ; no one proof is yet
brought forth, whereby it may clearly appear to be
fo in very deed. Hoiiker,

Like one of two contending in a prize.
That thinks he hath done well in people's ews.

Shak^fpeare,

Sir Edmund Courtney, and tiie haughty prelate.
With many more confederates, aic in arms. Sh.ik,

Danger before, and in, and after the a5>.
You needs muft grant is great. Danhl'i Civil If'ar.

However it be /» knowledge, I may iruly fay it4t
of no ufe at all in probabilities ; for the alfcnt there,
being to he determined by the preponderaiicy, after ft
due weighing of all the proofs on both (ides, no-
thing it fo unfit to alTifl the miod in that u fyllogifm.

Locke,

Cod hath made our eternal and temporal inieielb,
in moll cafes, very confilicnt. Smairijge's Sermons,

None was fo little in their friendlhips, or (o much
in that of thofe whom they bad moll abufed.

Dunciad,

3. Noting the time.

When we would confider eternity a parte enttf
what do we but, beginning from ourfelves and the
prefent time we are in, repeat in our miods the idea*
of years or ages pall J Lcckt,

4. Noting power.

To feed men's fouls, ijuoth he, it not in man.

Hu6t. Tale.

5. Noting proportion.

Let ufirry in general be reduced to five in thcRun-
dred, and let that rate be proclaimed to be tret and
current. Bacon.

I cannot but lament the common courfe, which,
at leatf , nine in ten of thofe who enter into the mi-
nlftry are obliged to enter. Sv:ifh

6. According to.

In all liklihood I brought all ray limbs out of the
bed, which, 'tis probable, he has not done nif the
breach. Collier,

7. Concerning.

I only confider what he, who is allowed to have
carried this argument farihelf, has faid in it. Lock/,

8. For the fake. A folemn phrafe.

Now, in the names of all the gods at once,
Upon what meat docs this our Cxht feed,
Th.it he is grown fo great ? Staki/p. JuliutC^tfar,

In the name of the people.
And in the power of us the tribunes, we
Bauilli him our city. Sbake/peare's Coriohnut.

Now, in the n.ime of honour, (ir, I beg you
That 1 may fee your father's death reveng'd. IVjtf.

9. Noting caufe.

King Henry, by the title right or wrong,
Loid Clifford vows to fight in tliy defence. Sbake/p,

10. In tbat. Becaufe.

So«M

I N A

Some thinji they do h tbat they are menj w
thai they are wife men, and chiillian men, fome
things ; fome things in that they are men iniAed,
and blinded wiiji error. Hosier.

He cannot brook fuch difgrace well, as he Qiall
run into ; in that it is a thing of his own fearch.

Sbakef^are,
II. lii as much. Since; feeing that.

Thofe things are done voluntarily by us, which
other creatures do naturally, in as much as we
might ftay our doing of them if we would. Hcoter.
In. adv.

1. Within fome place; not out.

How infamous is the falfe, fraudulent, and uncon-
IcioDable perfon ; efpecially if he be arrived at that
- confummate and robuft degree of falfehood as to play
in and out, and (how tricks with oaths, the facrcdcll
bonds which the confcience of man can be bound
wuh. Soaib.

I fear rae, you'll be in 'till then. Sbaie/p.

2. Engaged to any affair.

We know the worft can come; 'tis thought upon :
We cannot Ihift being in, we muft go on. Djniel.

Thefe pragmatical flics value ihemfelves for being
in at every thing, and are found at laft (• be jufl
good for nothing. L*EJlrdnge,

3. Placed in fome (late.

Poorroguu talk of court nfvit.
Who lofes and who wiu ; w^'s in, who's out.

Sbakeffrart,

Muft never patriot then declaim at gin,
Unlefs, good man, he has been fairly in f fopr.

4. Noting immediate entrance.

Go to thy fellows i bid them cover the table, ferve
In the meat, and we will come in to dinner. Sbjk.

He's too big to go in there : what Ihall I do?
•—Let ne fee'i ; I'll in, I'll in : follow your friend's

advice.
I'll ;». Sbait/f. Merry fF/ves o/mndfor.

J. Into any place.

Next fill the hole with its own earth again.
And trample wiih thy feet, and Iread it in. DryJtn.

Is it not more eligible to come in with a fmoQth
|ale, than to be totTed at fea with a ftorm ? C^llitr.-

In the faid cavity lies loofe the (hell of fome fort
•f bivalve larger than could be introduced inn thnfe
holes. h'ocd^vard,

6. Clofe; home.

The pofture of left-handed fencers is (0 different
from that of the right handed, that you run upon
their fwords if you puih forward ; and they are in
with you, if you oS°er to fall back without keeping
your guard. Tailrr.

7. In has commonly in compoHtion a ne-
gative or privative fenfe, as in the La-
tin : h, ailive denotes that which a^s,
inaili've that which does not aH. In be-
before r is changed into r; as irregular:
before / into /; as illati've: and into n
before fome other confonants ; as impro-
babU.

Inabi'litt. »./.[/« and /7^r///jt.] Impa-
jflancc ; impotence ; want of power.

If no natural nor cafual inal/iliij crofs their de-
6rei, ihey always delighting to inure themfelves
with anions moli beneficial to others, cannot but
gather great experience, and through experience the
norewifdom. Ho'jier.

Neither ignorance nor inaiiliiy can be pretended ;
and what plea can we offer to <Ji»ine juftice to f re-
vent condemnation ? R'jgrri.
Ima'bstinesce. ». /. [in inA abjlinence.]
intemperance ; want of power to abftain;
prevalence of appetite.

Difealies dire of which a aoooftrous crew
Before ihee ftiall appear, that thou may'fi know
What mifery the injhjiliuncc of Eve
Shall bring on man. Milton.

Ikacce'ssibli. aJj. {inaeceffihU, French,
in ajid acce£ible.'\ Not to be reached; not
to be approached.

Whaie'er you are,

>-%iiat in tliii defari inaectJfiiUf

1 N A

Under (he (hade of melancholy bougtis,

Lofe and neglcfl the creeping hours of time. Siaitf.

Many other hidden parts of nature, even of a far

lower form, are inacccffiHe to us. Hale.

There Diall we fee the ends and ufcs of thefe

things, which here were either too fubtile for us to

penetrate, or too remote and inaccejfible for us to

come to any diliant view of. Ray.

This part, which is fo noble, is not altogether

inaccfjftble', and that an eafy way may be found to

it, 'tis to confiJer nature and to copy her. Diydcrt.

In a'c CURACY, n. /. [from ittaccurale,']
Want of exadnefs.

Ina'c CURATE, adj. [in and accurate.'] Not
cxaft ; not accurate. It is ufed fome-
times of perfons, but more frequently of
performances.

Ina'ction. n.f. [ina^ion, French, in and
adiian.] Ceffation from labour; forbear-
ance of labour.

The times and amofements part are not more like
a dream to me, than thofe which arc prefcnt : I lie
in a refreihing kind of /»dA/o/r. Pcpc.

Iua'ctiv?.. adj, [in and a^ite-l Notbufy;
not diligent; idle; indolent; fluggilh.

Ina'ctiv ELY. ad-v. [from inaSi've,'] Idly;
without labour; without motion ; flug-
gilhly.

In feafons of perfeft freedom, mark how your fon

fpends his time ; whether he inaSively loiters it

away, when left to his own inclination. Locke.

Inactivity. »./. [imnA aSi'vitj.'] Idle-

nefs ; reit ; nHggiilinefs.

A dodlrine which manifelUy tends to difcourage
the endeavours of men, to introduce a lazy inuOi-
viiy, and negledt of tiie ordinary means of grace.

Rogers.

Virtue, conceal'd within our breafti

Is inaltiviiy at b^rt. Svifl.

Ika'd EQUATE, adj. [in and adequatus,

Latin.] Not equal to the purpofe ; de-

feflive ; falling below the due proportion.

Rcmorfc for vice
Not paid, or paid iuadtrtjuate in price.
What farther means can reafon now direA ? Dryden.
JnaJe'juate ideis are fuch, which are but a partial
or incomplete reprefcniation of ibofe archetypes to
which they are refened. Locke.

iNA'oEtyjATELY. ad'v. [ftom inadequate,]
Defediively; not completely.

Thefe pores they may either exactly fill, or but
inadequately. Boyle.

Inadve'rtenCE.Iw./ [inad-vertance, Fr.
1 N A D V E 'r T E N c Y . J from inadvertent. ]

1. Careleffnefs; negligence; inattention.

There is a dif!crence between them, as between
inadvertency, and deliberation, between furprife and
fel purpofe. S'juib,

From an habitual hccdiefa inadvertency, men
are fo intent upon the prefent that they mind
nothing elfe. VEJlratige.

2. Aft or efTeft of negligence.

Many perfons have lain under great and heavy
fcandats, which have taken their ^ll rife only from
fome inadvertence or indifcrciion.

Ccvernment of the Tongue.

The pmduAions of a great gtnius, with many

lapfes and inadverttnciei, are inhnilely preferable 10

the works of an inferior kind of author, which are

fcrupuloufly mSt. Addijln,

Inadve'rtent. adj. [in and advertent,

Latin.] Negligent; carelefs.
I N A D V £ li T E N T L Y . «</'y . [ftom /wai/i-^r/f /?/.]
Carelcfi^; negligently.

Ariftoile mentions Telegorus as the fon of Circe
and Ulyirei, who afterwards flew his father with the
bone of a fi(h inadveriintly. Bronme.

Worthy perlons, if inadveriinily drawn into a
deviation, will endeavour iottanlly to recover their
loft ground. Ctarijfa.

ItJA't-tENA^LE. adj. [in and alieiiablt.]

I N A

That cannot be alienated, or granted td
another.
Inalime'ntal. adj. [in and elimeniaLJ
Affording no nourifliment.

Dulcoration importeth a degree fo noariiTiment;
and the making of things inalimental to become ali-
mental, may be an experiment of great profit fot
making new victual. Baecn,

Inami'ssible. fli*/'. [inamijfible, French; in
and am-Jfum, Latin.] Not to be loft.

Thele advantages are inamijjible. Hammond.

\»h!'Si.adj. [/>««;>, Latin.] Empty; void.
It is ufed licentioufly for a fubrtantive.

We Ibmetimes fpeak of place in the great inane,
beyond the confines of the world. Locke,

To Ina'nimate. r. a. [in znAanimo, Lat.] '
To animate; to quicken. This word is
not in ufe.

There's a kind of world remaining ftill,
Though (he which did inanimate and fill
The world be gone ; yet in this lalt long night
Her gholl doth walk, that is, a glimmering light.

Donne.

Ina'nimate. \adj. [iuanimatus, Latin;
Ina'nimated. J inanime, Fr.] Void of
life; without animation.

l*he fpirits of animate bodies are all in fome de-
gree kindled ; but inanimate bodies have fpirits no
whit inliamcd. Bacon*

The golden goddefs, prefent at the pray'r,
Well knew he meant the animated fair.
And gave the (ign of granting. Drydert.

All the ideas of fenlible qualities are not inherent
in the /«jK/ma/c bodies i but are the cfTcdls of their

motion upon our nerves.

Seniles

Both require the conftant influence of a principle
ditferent from that which governs the inanimated
part of the univerfe. Chryne^

Fnom roofs when Verrio's colours fall, •« '

And leave inanimate the naked wall.
Still in thy fong Ihould vanquilh'd France appear.

Pofe,
Ina ni'tion.w./. [inanition, French; inanis, ,
Latin.] Emptinefs of body; want of
fulnefs in the veffels of the animal.

Weaknefs which attends fevers proceeds from tO»
great fulnefs in the beginning, and too great inanition
in the latter end of the difeafc. Arbutbnot on Diet,

Ina'nity. n. f. [from inanis, Latin.]
Emptinefs ; void fpace.

This opinion excludes all fuch inanity, and
admits no vacuities but fo little ones ai no body
whatever can come to, but will be bigger than they,
and mult touch the corporal parts which thofe va-
cuities divide. Digby on Bodies,

In a'ppetency. n. /. [in and afpetentia,
Latin.] Want of ftomach or appetite.

Ina'pfmcable. adj, [in and atplicable.'\
Not to be put to a particular ufe.

Inapplicabi'lity. «. f. [from inappli'
cable.] Unfitnefs for the particular pur-
pofe.

1nappi>ica'tion. n.f. [inapplicafion, Yt^
in and application.] Indolence; negli-
gence.

Ina'rable. tfuj/. [r« and arc, Latin.] Not
capable of tillage. Diil.

To Ina'rch. ru. a. [rVrand arch.]

Inarching is a method of grafting, which is com-
moniy called grafting by approach, 'i'hig method
of grafting ii ufed when the ftock and the tree may-
be joined : take the branch you would inarch, and,
having fitted it to that part of the (lock where you
intend to join it, pare away the rind and wood on
one fide about three inches in length : after the lame
manner cut the rtock or branch in the place where
the graft is to be united, fo that they may join equally
together that the fap may meet: then cut a little
tongue upwards in the graft, and make a notch in
the (lock to admit it; fo that when they arc joined
the tongue will prevent their flipping, and the graft
will more clofet/ unite witb (he ftoclL, Having thua
6 L X placed

IN A

f'lUti them widly together, tie them ; then eorer
the place with grjftingclay, to prevent the air from
ciileriii^ to dry the wound, or the-wct fmm getting
in to rot the liock : you fliould fix a (lake into the
ground, to wliich that part of [he (lock, as alfo the
graft, Itiould be fafteiied, to prevent the wind from
bieaking them afunder. In this manner they are to
remain about four months, in which lime they will
be fulficiently united J and the graft may then be
cut from the mother-tree, obfening to llope it off
tlofe to the (lock, and cover the joined parts witli
frefh grafting clay. The operation is always per-
formed in April or May, and is commonly praftifed
npon oranges, myrtles, jafmines, walnuts, firs, and
.pines, which will not fuccced by common grafting
or budding. MUUr.

Inarti'cui..\TE. aJJ. {inartkule, Fr. in
and articitlote.] Not uttered with di-
ftinrtnefs, like that of the fyllables of
human fpcech.

Obferve what inartUulalr founds refrmble any of

the particular letters. H'ilkhn's Maih. M.igict.

■By the harmony of words we elevate the mind to

-<l feiife of devotion i as our folemn mufick, which

js inatiiculatt poefy, doih in churches. Diydcn.

IsARTi'cULATELV. adv.\Uom inaiHtin

late.] Not diftindly..-
Inarti'culateness. »./. [fiom iuartica-
' Intf.] Confufion of founds ; want of di-
■ftinftnefs in pronouncing.
iNARTrFl'ciAL. adj. ['» and artificial.]
■ Contrary to art.

I have ranked this among the effcfts; and if may
be thought inntiifcial to make it the caufc alio.

Decay 'jf Piety .

Inartifi'cially. ed'v . [ from inartificial. ]
Without art; in a manner contrary to the
rules of art.

• This lofty humour is cUimfily and inr.rttJicltHy
managed, when it is affeaed by thofe of a felf-
■denyingproleflion. CJIier.

Jnatte'ntion. »./. [;'»»i'/c)r//c«, French ;
in?LnAatle>itioti.] Difregard ; negligence;
ncglcft; heedleffnefs.

Verfons keep out of the reach of the reproofs of
the roinifttv, or hear with fuch iitattcnlhii or con-
tempt as reiiders them of little efFeft. Rogeri.
We fee a ftrange iitallciliott to this moft important
jrofpeO. Rogers.

Novel lays attrafl our ravirti'd ears;

But old, the mind with innlientiin hears. Pope.

J.vatte'ntive. adj. [»n and ntteuliie.]

Heedkfs; carclefs ; negligent; rcgardlefs.

! f we itidulge the fretjiient roving ol palTions, we

(hall pmcure an unfteady and iitaitemivt habit.

ff'alt!.
Inav'dibi.e. adj. [in and audibli.] Not to
be heard ; void of found.

Let's take the indant by the forward top;
For we arc old, and on our quick 'ft decrees
Th' inaudible and noifclefs foot of time
Steals, ere we can effeft them. Staiiff .

yi Inau'gurate. v. a. [/«/T<i'jf//r», Latin.]
To confecrate; to invert with a new
ofEce by folemn rites; to begin with
good omens ; to begin.

Thofe beginnings of years were propitious to him,
as if kings did chufe remarkable days to i>:augurjie
their favours, that they may appear adls as well of
the time as of the will. M'ottin.

In AtJOURA'xiON. n. /. [ivaugurat ion, Fr,
inaugure, Latin.] Inveftiturc by folemn
rites.

The royal otire was fulemnly fworn, at his litaugu-
raiijtt, to obferve thefe things inviolaUe, Htnutl.

At his regal inauguration his old father reiigned
the kingdom to him. Broiun'i Vulgar Erreurs.

nxura'tion. fi. /■ [/«(7»ro, Latin.] The
aft of gilding or covering with goldf.
The Rvnuiu had the att of gilding after our

I NC

m.tnner'; hut fome fort of their InturailcH, or gllj.
iiig, mull have been dearer than ours.

Ariiulljnot on Ctini.
IsACspi'cious. ■ a<^'. [/» and e/t/fiicioai.]
Ill-omened; unlucky; unfortunate.

Oh here'
I will fct up my everlafting reft ;
And ftiake the yoke of //wu/i/r/oKi ftarj
From this world-wearied flolB. Shaiefp,

Though heaven's inaujpicious eye
Lay black on love's nativity.
Her eye a ftrong appcJ can give ;
Beauty fmites, and love ftiall live. Crajbenv.

The ftars feel not the difeafea their itiaufficious
influence produces. Biyle.

■ With inaufpicious love a wretched fwaih
Purfu'd the faireft nymph of all the plain;
She plunged him hopelcfs in a deep defpair. Dryden.

Inbe'ing. ».y^ [in zxiA bting.] Inherence;
infeparablenefs.

U'lien we fay the bowl is round* the boy is w^ttJ.•,
thefcare proper or inherent .modes; for they have
a foirt. of Inirring^ in the fubftaitce itfelf, and do not
■irifelrom the addition of any other fubftance to Tt. .

I'nborn. adj. [r» and/tarw.j Jpnate; Im-
planted by nature.

Led by the fenfeof good,
Inborn to all, I (bughtiViy needful food. Dr\dett.
All paftions being inborn within us, we are almoft
e<jual|y judges of them* Dtylen.

Some Carolina, to Heaven's diiSates true.
Thy inborn worth with conlcious eyes ftiall fee.
And ftight th' imperial diadem for thee. Aaaifqn,
rNRRK'ATHED. adj. [in Awi breath.] In-
fpired; infufed by infpiration.

Bleft pair of fyrens, pledges of Heaven's joy, ;
Sphere-born harmonious lifters. Voice and Verl'e, '

Wed your divine founds, and mixt power employ,
Dsad things with inbreatij'd tenk, able to pierce.

Mi/io/r.
I'nbb ED. adj; [in and bred.] Produced with-
in ; hatched or generated within,

M y inbred enemy

Forth iftu'd. Millon't ParaJi/e Lifi.

I A man tliirjks better of his children than tliey

', defcrve; but there is an impulfe of tcndernefs, and

there muti be fome cfteem for the fctting of that

inbred atfe£lion at work. L'EJirangc.

But he unmov'd contemns their idle threat;
And inbred woriii doth boafting valour flight.

Dry den.
To Inc a'g e. 1'. a. [in and cage.] To coop
up; to (liut up; to confine in a cage, or
any narrow fpacc. -

.\iid yet incaged in fo fmajl a verge.
Thy waftc is no whitleftcr than thy lord's. Sbak,

It made my imprifonment a pleafurc ?
Ay, fuch a pleafure as incaged birds
Conceive. S bake jp. Henry W.

Incale'scence. 1 ». /. [incaUjca, Latin.]
Incale'scenct. I The ftate of growing
warm ; warmth ; incipient heat.

Averroes reftrained his hilarity, making no more
thereof than Seneca commendcth, and was allowable
in Cato ; that is, a fober incalrftenn, and regulated
eftuation from wine. Brorvn.

The oil prefcrvcs the ends of the bones from
Inc.i/e/ceney, which they, being folid bodies, would
neccfiarily contntft from a fwift motion. Hay.

Incanta'tion. «. /. [incantation, Fr.
iacanta, Latin.] Charms uttered by fing-
ing; enchantment.

My ancient incantations are too \vcak,
And hell too ftrong. Shakefp. Henry VL

By Adam's hearkening to his wife, mankind, by
that her incantation, became the fuUIil c^f labour,
forrow, and death. Raleigh.

The great wonders of witches, their carrying in
the air, and transforming themfelves into other
bodies, are reported to be wrought, not by inran'
tatioHi or ceremonies, but by anointing themfelves
all over, move a man to think that thefe fables are
tbt clfccU oi imaginauoa; for oiatmcntsj it Uid on

I N C r

•ny thing thick, by flopping of the pArUilhut iit-the
vapours, and fend them to the head eiuemdv.
'• Bacon's Nalwa! Uijiory.

I The name of a city being difcovered unto their
enemies, ih^fr penatea amd patronal gods mi^hi be
I called forth by«harms and /"(•iWd'iVjM. , Brou'tt,
The nuptial rites his outrage liraight attend.^ ;
The pow'r defir'd is his ttaosfigur'd friends ;
The incaniaii'^n backward ftic repeats,
Inverts her uA, and what (he did, defeats. Cartb.
The comiaands which our religion h,ith impofcd
on its followers are not like the abfiltd cercmonm
of pagan idolatry, that might look like incantair-^m'. I
and magick, but had nb tiendency td make mankind ,
the happier. heni.'ty,

Inca'.ntatory. adj. [from »W(7)r/<7, Lat.j
Dealing bv enchantment ; magical.

Fortune-tellers, jugglers, geomancers, and'ihehltc

/«c.r/r/<i/5ry impoftors, daily delude them. Brov^ir,

To Inca'n ION. ev. a. [in and canton.] 'V6

unite to a canton or fcparate communirv.

When the cantons of Hcrtw and Zurich propol-. i*

the incorporating Geneva in tli^ c.:ntonsr the Ror.j^a

Catholics, fearing the Proietlanc inteiell, piopu.ill

the incanlouing of Conftauce as. a countcrpoil'e.

, .■ .. _ . Addijon on fl.ily,

Incapadi'litv. \n,/. [(lom iMcapabie]
iNCA'PABi.ENEas. J Inability natural; tiif- '
qualification legal. .//

\'ou have nothing to urge but a kind of inejpa.
ii/iiv in youifell to the fervice. SueiJing.

lNCA*PAnLE. adj. [inca^abh, Fr,] in asd
• capable.] ' ' •'

i. Wanting room to hold or contain : with
1 o^Ijefore the thing to be contained.
2. Wanting power; wanting underftandingj
unable to comprehend, learn, orunder-
ftand.

Incapable and (hallow innocents !
You cannot guefs who caus'd your father's death.

Sbal:cfpeare,

J. Not able to admit or have any thing.

Wiimot, when he t*aw Coring put in the com-
mand, thought himfelf /»M/>ji/t ofrepar.!tion-

Clarendurt*

^. Unable ; not equal to any thing.

Is not your father grown incapable
Of rcafonablc aftairs? is he not ftupid
With age > Sbalief. trinter't Tale.

J. Difqualified by law.

Their lands are almoft entirely taken from tliem,
and they arc rendered inc.ipahie of purchating any
more. S^vift.

6. In converfation it is ufual to /ay a man
is incapable of falfehood, or incapable of

I gcneroiity, or of any thing good or bad.

Inc apa'ciou's. adj. [in and capacieus.l
Narrow ; of finall content.

Souls that are made little and incapacious, cannot
enlarge their thoughts to take in any great compafs
of limes or things- Burner, •

Incapa'ciousness. n.f. [from incapacioui. ]
Narrownefs; want of containing fpace.

5"o Incapacitate, v. a. [/« and fa/a««
tate.]

1, Todifable; to weaken.

Nothing of confequence ihould be left to be don«
in the laft incapacitating hours of life. Clarijfi,

2. To difqualify.

Monftrofity could not ineapaeitalr from marriage.

Arbufhttot,

Incapa'city. n.f. [incapticiti, French, in

ivA capacity ,] Inability; want of natural

power; want of power of body; want

of comprehenfivenefs of mind.

It chiefly proceedeth from natural incapacity, and
genial iudifpofition. Brown's Vulgar Errouri.

Admonition he imputes either to envy, or cife
ignorance and incapacity of eftimating his worth.

Cevtritsntnl e/tbc Tongue.

I N-C

^, TKt hiiflivity e>( the foul is it< !»c«f»tUy to \>t

moved with any ihing common. ArbuiVr.ut.

itf I N c a'r c E R A T E . f. ff . \incarcero , Latin.]

To imprifon : to confine. It is ufed in
• the Scots law to dcotc imprifoning or

confining in a g.iol; otherwife it is fcl-

dom found.

Contagion miy be propagated by bodies, thatufily
incarcerate the infe£ied air; as woollen clothes.

Harvey.

IScaRCera'tion- n.f [iiom incarcerate .^^

Imprifonment ; confinement. '

Ta I N c a'r N. • "u. a. '■ [incarm, Latin . ] -To

cover with fiefh.

The flet>i will foon arife in that cut of the bone,
; and make exluliaiion of what is necelTary, and ;«'

■ earn it. H'ljeman,

To iNCA'aN. a>, ». To breed flefti. , '

The Hough came off, and the ulcer happily /«-
car fit J. Vt'iJ^mart.

TelNCA'RNADlNE. "i/, /7. {^incarnadine, Fr.

• Incitrnadinoi pale reil, Italian.] To dye
; red. TV\% word I find only once.

Will all great Neptune's ocean wafh this blood
Clean from my hand ? No, this mv hand will rather
, The multitudinous fca iKcaritadine^
Making the green 'one red. Sbaiefpeart^s Macbeth.
^0 Inca'rnate. 'V. (».] incarner, French ;
. incarno, Lat.J To clothe with flefh : to
embody with flelh.

I, who erft contended
With gods to fit the higheft, am now conftrain'J
' Into a heaft, and mix with beOial lliir.c,

• ThisetVcnce to /V/i:jr;V(2/e' and Imbrutc. Miltui.
Inca'rnate. participial .adj. [incfirnat,

■ French, from the verb.] ■

1, Clothed with flefti ; embodied with flelh.

Undoubtedly even the nature of God itfelf, in the

perfon of the fon, is incamtue, and bath taken to i t-

lelfflefli. Hooker.

; A moll wife fufficient means of redemption and

falvation, by the fatisfa«5lory death and obedience of

the Ixcarnaie fon oi God, Jefus Chrift; God blelTtd

" fer e»rr. - • • Sanderfin.

Here (halt thoti fit iitcariiate,hen (halt reign

■ Both God'and man. Milton's Parad^e l.oJ).

2, It may be doubted whether Sivift un-
derftood this word. ■

But he's pofieft,
Incarnate with a thoufand imps. Swift.

3, In Scotland incarnale is applied to any

■ thing tinged of a deep red colour, frora
'• its rcfemblance to a flefh colour.

In c A R N a't 10 s . n. /. {incarnation, French ,

from incarnate. '\
1. The aft of alTuming body.

We mull beware we exclude not the nature of God

from incarnation, and fo make the fon of God in-

' carnate not to be very God . Hxlter.

Upon the Annunciation, or our Lady-day, me-

diUU on the incarnation of our ble(Ted Saviour.

Taylor's Guide to Dtvotii^n,

J. The ftate of breeding flefh.

The pulfailon under the cicatrix proceedi-d from

the too lax incarnation of the w yund . tViJtm.w.

Inca'r NATIVE, n.f. \iticarnaiij\ French,

from incarnr^ A meoicine that generates

flefh^.

I deterged the abfctfs, and incamed by the com-
mon incarnatrve. fVrfeman's .Surgery.

To In o's E. "v. a. [in and cafe. ] To cover ;
to inclofe ; to iuwrap.

Rich plates of gold the folding doors incafe,
- The pillars lilver. Pope's Odyffry.

I.ncau'ticu*. adj. [/'» and cautious.\ Un-
wary ; negligent ; heedlefs.

His rhetorical exprelTions may eafily captivate any
\ncavti':ui reader. Kcil af^ainji Httrnet

Incav'tiouslv. adv. [from incanliem.']
Unwary; heedlcfsly; negligently.

A fpeciti ef palfy invades fuch as inectutiou/tf ex-

pOfe tlieml'eives to the morning air. Artulheot.

Ince'ndiaRV. »./. [incendiaiiuu from in-

ff«.^, Latin; /wfW/(zw, French.]
'. One who fets honfes or towns on fire in

malice or for robbery.
?. One who inflames faftions, or promotes
quarrels.

Nor could any order be obtained impartially to
examine impudent ;wi7r,//anVf. Xing Charles.

Inctiidiarhi of figure and diftinflion, who are the
inventors and publilTiers ofgrofsfalfehoods, cannot be
regarded but with the utmoll detet^ation. Addifon.
_ Several cities of Greece drove them out as iiuen-
diaries, and pells of commonweals. Bentley.

im;EKSE. n.f. {Jncenftan, Latin, a thiiig
burnt; encens, French.] Perfumes ex-
haled by fire .in honour of fome god or
goddefs.

Upon fuch faeri(ices, my Cordelia,
The gods thcmlelvcs throw /wivw/i. Sbat. K. Lear.

Numa the rites of ftria rclision knew ;
On ev'ry altar laid the incen/e'duc. Prior.

To I'n c £ ns e. t. a. [from the noun.] To
perfume with incenfe. '

To INCE'iSSE. iv. a. [incenfus. I^tin.]
To enkindle to rage ; to inflame with
anger; to enrage; to provoke; to irri-
tate to anger; to heat; to fire; to make
furious; to exafperate.

The world, roofaucy with the gods,
Incenfcs them to fend dcftruflion. Shak. Julias Caf.

U 'gaiiillyoutfelf you be irtcent'd, we'll put yoii,
Like one that means his proper harm, in manacles.

Shak.

He Is attended with a defp'rate train :
And what they may incenfe him to, being apt
To have his ear abus'd, wifdom bids fear. Shak.

Tradable obedience is a (lave
To each incenfed will. Sbaieff. Henry VUL

Foul idolatries, and other faults,
Heap'd to the popular fum, will fo incenfe
God, as to leave them. Milton's Paradifi Liifi.

How could my pious fon thy pow'r incerijri
Or what, ala^l ikvanqui(h'd Troy's offence? Dryd.
I NC e'n s E M E N T. «./. [trom incenfe,'] Rage ;
heat; fury.

His inccnjement ar this moment is fo implacable,
that fatisfaCtion can be none but by pangs of death.

Shakefpcare.

Ince'nsion. n. /. {incenfto, Latin.] The
aft of kindling; theftateof being on fire.

Sena lofes its wmdinefs by decoiliing ; and fub-
tile or windy fpirils ut taken off bj incfujion or eva-
poration. Bacon.

Inceksor. n.f. [Latin.] A kindler of
anger ; an inflamer of paflions.

Many priells were impetuous and importunate in.
cenfors of the rage. Hayward.

Ince'nsory, n.f. [from incenfe."] The
vcflel in which incenfe is burnt and offer-
ed. ' Ainftvorth.

I N c I ' N T I V r , n.f. [incentivum, Latin. ]

1. That which kindles.

Theii^unreafonable Icverity was not the Icift in-
centive, that blew up into thofe flames the fparks of
difcontent. f^'>'g Charles.

2. That which provokes ; that which en-
courages ; incitement; motive ; encou-
ragement ; four. It is ufed of that \v;hich
incites, whether to good or ill ; with to,

Congruity of opinions, to our natural conllituliun,
is one great incentive to their reception. |

Glaii'ilU's Ssepjis.
Even the wifdom of Cod hath not fuggeftcd more
prelTing motives, more powertul incefitives to cha-
rity, than Ihcfe, that we (hall be judged by it at the
lad dieadful day. Atterbury.

It encourages fpeculative perfons, with all the in-
• unttvu e/pl««e, pfofif, and preferment, Adiifon.

I N C '

'^^f'^'TIvt. «<A'. Inciting; encouraei«»:

with to.

Competency is the moft /ffrf»/;v; /o induftry J too
little makes men defptrate, and too much carelcls.

Decay of Piety,

InceVtion. n.f, {inceptio, Latin.] Be-

ginning.
The inception of putrefaflion hath in it a matuM-
^ »'""•, Bacon.

Inge PTIVE. adj. [incepti-viis, Lat.] Noting

beginning.

An inceptive and defitive propofition ; as. The fogs
vanilh as the fun riles ; but the fogs have not yet be.
gun to vanilh therefore the fun is not yet rifen. Locke:

iNeE'PToR. },. f. [Latin.] A beginner;

one who is in his rudiments.
Incera'tion. n. f. [/wfro, Latin.] The

aft of covering with wax. Uia,

Ince'rtitude, », /. [incertitttde, Fr. «.'

certitudo.ljsA.] Uncertainty; doubtful-

nefs.

Ince'ssant. adj [i« and ciffans, Latin.]

Unceafing ; unintermitted ; continual ;

uninterrupted.

Raging wind blows tip incejfant fhow'rs. SLahffi.

1 lie incejfant weeping of my wife,

Forc'd me to feek delays. Shatefpeare,

if, by pray 'r
incej/jni, I could hope to change the will
Ol liim who all things can, I would not ceafe
1 o weary him with my affiduous cries. Milton.

In lorin, a herald of the king flic flies
Frorti peer to peer, and thus incejfant cries. Pr^fe,
^"""-^NTLY. adv. [from inceffant,]
Without intermiflion ; continually.

Kotli his hands moll filthy feculent,
Above ihe water were on high extent.
And tain'd to walh themfelves inceffanth, FairvS,
Who reads "^ -^^■

Ineeff,inily, and to his reading brings not
A Ipmt and judgment equal or fuperior. Milton.

the Chriftians, who carried their religion through
lo many perfecutions, v.tK incejfamly comforting
one another with the example ano hillory of our Sa-
viour and his apoftles. Addifon.

I'NCEST. n. f. [inceffe, French ; inceflum,
Latin.] Unnatural and criminal con-
junftion of perfons within degrees pro-
hibited.

Is 't not a kind of Inetft to take life
From their own filler's (hame ? Shalcefpeare.

He jwbo entered in the firft adl, a youn^man likt
Pericles, prince of Tyre, muft not be in danger in the
fifth afl of committing incefl with bis daughter.

Dry den's Dufrefnoy.

Incestuous, adj. {incefleux, Fr.] Guilty
of inceft ; guilty of unnatural cohabita-
tion.

Hide me, thou bloody hand,
Thou perjure, and ihou fimiilar of virtue,
Tliat art imcjlmus. .S/juke/Cieare's King Lear,

We may' eafily guefs with what impatience the
world would have heard ip incrjluous Herod dif-
courimgofch-illity. Isoiitb.

Ere you reach to this incefluous love.
You mu(V divine and human rights remove. Dryden.

Ince'stuously. r?</z'. , [from incefiuotlt.]
With unniitural love.

Macarcus and Canacc, fon and daughter fOy^olus,
god of the winds, loved each other incejluoufly,
rxTr^tr Dryden.

INCH. n. f, [ince, Saxon; uncia. Lat.]
I. A meafure of length fuppofed equal to

three grains of barley laid end to end;

the twelfth part of a foot.

A foot is the fixih part of the ftature of man, a
fpan one eight of it, and a thumb's breath or ;»rAone
feveniy-fecond. Holder on 'Time,

The fun Ihould never mifs, in all his race.
Of lime one minute, or one /wiof fpacc. Blackmne.

I. A

INC

t> A proTerbial name for a fmall quantity.

The plebeijns have got your fellow tribune ;
They'll gi»e him death by inetes. Sbak, Corlnlanui.

As in lafting, fo in length is man,
ConlraiAcd to an inch, who was a fpan. Doine.

Is it lo ddirable a condition to confume by irtcirs
ind lofe one's blood by drops i CMir.

The commons were growing by degrees into power
and property, gaining ground upon the patricians i«ch
by inch. Swifi.

3. A nice point of time.

Beldame, I thintc, we watch'd yon at an Inch.

Sbakejfcare.

Jo Inch. v. a. [from the noun.]
I. To drive by inches.

Valiant they fay, but very popular;
He gets too ht into the foldicrs graces.
And in(hn out my maiter. Orydn'$ Cltamerrrt.

9. To deal out by inches ; to give fparingly .

Ainf'viorth.

To Inch. -v. a. To advance or retire a

little at a time.
I'nched. adj, [with a word of number

before it.] Containing inches in length

or breadth.
Poor Tom, proud of heart to ride on a bay trotting

horfc over four ijrcifi/ bridges. Sbakefp. King Lear.

Inchipik. n. /. Some of the infide of a
deer. Ahtjinorth,

Inchmeal, n. f. \lnch and meal.^ A
piece an inch long.

All th' infcftionsthat the fun fucks up
From bogs, fens, flats, on Profpero fall, and make hi m
By inchmeal a difeafe I Shakefpearc's Temfcji.

Jo Inchoate, t: a. \iHchoo, Lat.] To
begin ; to commence.

It IS neither a fubftance perfeG, nor a fubftance
iitchoaltyOt ialkevnyofjtetkOion.Rticigb'sHificry.

Inchoa'tion. n.y. [inchoatu:, Lat.j In-
ception ; beginning.

It difcemcth of four kinds of caulcs; forces,
frauds, crimes various of (lellionate, and the in.
cboalionsat middle afU towards crimes capital, not
aduallj' perpetrated. Bacon.

The letting on foot fome of thofe arts in thofe parts
would be looked upon as the firft incboalioa of them,
which yet would be but their reviving.

Half*s Origin of Mankind.

Inchoative, a/^". [/«iri6oa/»rf, French ; in-
choati-vus, Lat.] Inceptive j noting in-
choating or beginning.

fa Inci'de. v. a. [from iticido, to cut,
Latin.]

Medicines ire faid to inciie which confift of
pointed and (harp particles; as acids, and moft falts,
*y vthich the particles oi other bodies are divided
from one another : thus expe£torating medicines are
faid to inciJt or cut the phlegm. Qjiincj.

The menfes are promoted by all faponaceous
fubdances, which incidt the mucus in the fini
paiTagcs. Arlutbnot.

'I'ncidence. 7 «•/• \jncido, to fall, Lat.
I'ncidhncy. 5 incidence, French.]
1. The direftion with which one body
ftrikes upon another, and the angle made
by that line, and the pbne ftruck upon,
is called the angle of incidence. In the
occurfions of two moving bodies, their
incidence is faid to be perpendicular or
oblique, as their direflions or lines of
motion malce a ftraight line or an obliq-ie
angle at the point o? contaft. ^liucj.

In mirrourt there is the like zr\^to( incidence,
from the objed of the glafs, and from the glafs to the
«fe. Bacon.

He enjoys his happy ftate moft when he com-
municates it, and receives a more vigorous joy from
the refleiion than fmaj the dirc<ii incidency of his
.kappiocfs. Norris.

ia i^ual ineiJencei there ii a confiderable in-

I N C

equality of refraOions, whether it be that roine of
the incident rays are refrafted more and others lefs
tonftanily, or one and the fain« ny is by refradion
difturbed. Newton's Optickt.

The permanent whiteoefs argues, that ili like
inddcncei o( the rays there is no fuch feparatioo of
the emerging rays. Nc-wlon.

2. [Incidtm, Lat.] Accident; hap; ca-

fualty.
What ineidrncy thou do'ft guefj of harm declare,

Tscreeping towards me. Shakefpeare's tVimer t Tale.
rNCIDENT. adj. {incident, Fr. incidens,

Lar.]

1. Cafual ; fortuitous ; occafional ; happen-
ing accidentally ; ifltiing in belidc the
main defign; happening befide expcfta-
tion.

As the ordinary courfe of comtiion affairs is dif-
pofed of by general laws, io likewife men's rarer
incident necellitiesand utilities Ihould be with fpecial
equity confideicd. Hooker.

1 would note in children not only their articulate
anfvers, but likewife fmiles and frowns upon incident
occafions. IVotion.

In a complex propolition the predicate or fubjefl is
fometimes made complex by the pronouns who,
which, whofc, whom, &ci which make another
propolition : as, every man, wlu> is pious, Ihall be
laved: Julius, whofe lirnaoie was C<efar, overcame
Pompey : bodies, which are tranfparent, have many
pores. Here the whole propofitibn is called the pri-
mary or chief, and the additional propolition is
called an inrideat propofition. kfatts,

2. Happening; apt to happen.

Coiirtancy is fuch a firmncfs of friendlhip as
overlooks all thofe failures of kindnefs, that through
patron, incident to human natuie, a man may be
guilty of. South.

1'ncident. «, /. [incident, Fr. from the
adjeftive.] Something happening befide
the main defign ; cafualty.

His wifdom will fall into it as an incidrnt to the
point of la'vfulnefs. Bacon's Holy fVar.

No pcrfon, no incident in the play, but muft be ot
ufe to carry on the main defign. Dryden.

iNclDE'NTAL.at^'. Incident; cafual; hap-
pening by chance ; not intended ; not de-
liberate ; not necelTary to the chief pur-
pofe.

The fatlsfaftlon you received from thofe Uci-
dental difcourfes whicii we have wandered into.

Milttm.

By fome, religious duties fcarce appear to be re-

^rded at all, and by others only as an incidental

bufinefs, to be dene when they have nothing elfe to

d«. Rogers.

Incide'stally. etd-v. [from incidental.]

Befide the main defign ; occafionally.

Thefe general rulej are but occafionally and in-
tidentaljy mentioned in Scripture, rather to mani-
ftft unto us a former, than to lay upon us a new
obligation. Sander/on.

1 treat either purpefely at incidiHlally of colours.

Boyle.

I'ncidently. ij/i'. [from »»oVt'»/.] Oc-
cafionally; by the bye; by the way.

It was incidenih moved amongit the judges what
(hould be done tor the king himfelf, who was at-
tainted; but refolvcd thai the crown takes away
deieds. Bacon's HenryWi.

To Inci'nerate. v. {>. [/■« and cineres,
Lat.] To burn to afhe.'s.

Ily baking, without melting, the heat induralcth,

then maketli fragile ! laftly, it doth incimtatt and

calcinate. Bactn.

Fire bumeth wood, making it firft luminous, then

black and brittle, and laftly broken and incinerate.

Bacon.

Thefe dregs are foon incinerated and calcined into

fuch falls which produce coughs. Harvey onCoxfump.

Incinera'tiok. n. /. [itineration, Fr.
from incineiate.] The aft of burning
any thing to allies.

I N C

I ebfefted in the fixt fait of arlne, (irougfit bf
depuration to be very white, a tafte not unlike com*
mon lair, and very differing from the cauftick liii*
Tiate talle of othc<^ falls made by ineinermim.

Byle.
iNCiRCVsuspE'vTloit. tu /. [in and dr.
c'irn/pedion.] Want of taution : want of
heed.

An unexpe^d way of dclufion, whereby be more
eafily led away the incirci^mff>eOion uf iheii belief.

1 Bronm^

Inci'sed. adj. [incijir, Fr. incifus, Lat.]

, Cut ; made by cutting: as, ifi ktajiir^

wound.

I brought the inctftd lips together. Ififtman.

Inci'sion. «. /. (iaci/icn, Fr. inci/to, Lat.]

1. A cut; a wound made with a (harp
inftrumenf. Generally ufed for wounu»
made by a chirurgeon.

Let us make incijion for your lore.
To prove whofe blood is reddeft, his or mine. Sbak,

God help thee, ihallow man: Cod make inci-
^cn in thee, thou ail raw. Si>ak. Asyou like ir.

The reception of one is as diHerent ixom the
adm'llion of the other, .ns when the earth falls open
under the incifion of the plough, and when it gapea
to drink in the dew of heaven, or ihe refrelhincius
of a (hower. Souib^

A fmall incijt-^n knife is more handy than a larger
for opening the bag. Sharp^s Surgery,

2, Divifion of vifcofities by medicines.

Abfterfion is a fcouring ofli', or incijion of vifcout
humours, and making them fluid, and cutting be-
tween them and the part; as in nitrous water, which
fcoureth linen. Biicon»

Inci'sivE. adj. [inci/if, Fr.from inci/itt„
Lat. J Having the quality of cutting 01
dividing.

The colour of many corpufculei will cohere bjr

being precipitated together, and be dcftroyed by the

effiifion of very piercing and incijive liquors. Boyle.

Inci'sor. n.J. [/wi/ir, Latin.] Cutter;

tooth in the forepart of the mouth,
Inci'sor. adj, [incifoire, Fr.] Having the

quality of cutting.
Inci'sure. n, J. [iucifura,\a.\..'\ A cut;
an aperture.

In fome creatures it is wide, in fome narrow, in
fome with a deep incifure up into the head, for the
better catching and holding of prey, and comminuting
of hard food. Derhan^,

Incita't.ion. ». / [incitalio, Lat.] In-
citement; incentive; motive; impulfe;
the aft of inciting ; the power of ia<
citing.

Ur. Kidley deRnes magnetical attraQion to be »
natural incitutiws and dilpofition conforming unto
contiguity, an union of one magnetical body unto
another. Brown's Vulgar Errours.

The multitude of objeiis do proportionably mul-
tiply both the poflitiilities and laciiations.

Government of the Tongut^

The mind gives rot only licence, but inellelien to

the other pallions to aft with the utmoft impctuofity.

Decay of Fitly.

To INCI'TE, 1). a., [incito, Lat. inciter, Fr.]

To ftir up ; to pufh forward in a pur-

pofe; to animate; to fpur; to urged on.

How many now in health
Shall drop their blood, in approbation
Of what your reverence (hail incite us to? Shake/fi,

No blown ambition doth our arms incite;
But k>vc, dear love, and our ag'd lather's right.

Shakrfp,

Antiochus, when he ireited Pnifiat to join in war,
fet before him the greatncfs of the Romans, com-
paring it to a hie, thm took and fpread from kingdom
to kingdom. Bacon,

Nature and common reafon, in all difficulties,
where prudence or courage arc required, do rather
incite us to fly for alTilbuice to a fugle perfon than -a
multitude. S*vifi,

Incit£.

I N C

IffCi'TEj^EyT. «./. [from /■»«■/(•.] Motive;
incentive; impulfe; inciting caufe.

A mantl it were, if a man of grtat capacity,
hivir.g fuch inciwrrxtt to make him dcfirous of ill
fiinherances unto his caufe. could efpy in the whole
fcripture of God nothing wfiich might breed at the
leaft a proKable opinion of likelihood, that divine
authority was the fame way ioclinable, f looker.

Harthb feems fcnt hltiier by iorae good provi-
dence, to be the occalion and ixcitemtm of great
jood to this ifland. Miltcn.

If thou muft reform the ftu'oborii times,
From the long records of a diftant age
Derive inciiementt to renew thy rage. Pope's Stal'iui.
luClVlL. adj. [Incivil, Fr.] Unpolifhed.

See UNCtv.'L.
Incivi'lity. M.J. [inciiiliii, Fr. iit and

civility.]
-I. Want of courtefy ; rudenefs.

He does olfend againfl that reverence- which is
due to the common apprehciilioni of mankind,
•rhetherUue or not, which is the greateft inehility.

n^illoifon.

2. Aft of rudenefs. In this fenfc it has a
plural.

Abllaio from diflblute laughter, uncomely jefts,
loud talking and jeering, which, in civil account,
are called indecencies and iiitiiiiliiict. 'Taylor.

■Incle'mency. ».y; \incltmence, Yt. incU-
mtntia, Lat.] Unmercifulncfs ; cruelty ;
fevcrity; harftinefs; roughnefs.

And though by tempcfts of the prize bereft,
In heaven's incltmeitcyiome eaft we find :
Our foes we vani]ui(h'd ky our valour left. Dryitn.
Jkci,e'ment. adj. ^in and clemens, Latin.]
Unmerciful; unpitying; void of tender-
nefs ; harlh. It is ufed oftener of things
than of men.

Teach ut further by what means to (hun
Th' incltmeiti fcafuns, rain, ice, iuil, and fnow.

MilliH.
I ftand
Naked, dcfencele&, on a foreign laod :
Propitious to my wants, a veil I'upply,
To guard the wixtchedlrom th' iitc/rmtailky. Pofe.
IncLi'naBLE. adj. [inclinabilis, Lat.j
I. HavitTg a propcnfion of will; favour-
ably difpofed ; willing; tending by dif-
poCtion : with to. *

People are not always intllnahle to the beft.

. Spfnfer.

A marvel it ^»eTr, if a man of capacity could
tfpy in the whole fcripture nothing whiih might
breed a probable opinion, that divine authority was
the fame way inelinable. Hooker.

The gall and bitternefs of certain men's writings,
»Jio fpared him little, made him, lor their fakes,
the lefs inclinable to that truth which he himfelf
Ibouid have honoured. Hoohr

Deli re,
Iticlinable now grown lo touch or tafte.
Solicited her longing eye. Millon.

■2. Having a tendency.

It fuch a crulk naturally fell, then if was more
likely and inclinatle «fail this ihoufand years than
the laft; but if the crull was always gradually
Bearer and nearer to falling, that plainly evinces that
it bad not endured eicroally. htitiley.

lvc\.iv \'rioit.n.j:[inclinai/an, inclination.

Ft inclinatio, Lat. J
I. Tendency towards any point : with to.

The two rayi, being equally refraflcd, have the

lame Inclination /» one another after rcfraaion which

they had before; that is, the inclinarioa of half a

dwree aofwermg to the fun-a diameter. Nrtvion.

i». Natural aptnefs.

Though mort of the thick woods are grubbed up
Snce the promontory has been cultivated, there arc
ftill many fpots of it which (hew the natural in.
cimation of the foil leans that way. Addihn.

3. Propenfion of mind; favourable difpo-
fition ; Incipient dclirc.

TLt Iting w«f wonderfully difqui«(«i!, *hen lie I
found that the prince was touUy aliened from all
thoughts of or i»clinatkn to the marriage.

Clarendon,

A mere inelinaliat to a thing is not properly a
willing of that thing; and yet, in matters of duty,
men frequently reckon it for fuch : for otherwife
how fljould they fo often plead and reft in the honell
and well inclined difpofition of their minds, when
they are juftly charged with «n aftual non-per-
formance of the law > South.

4. Love; affeftion; regard. In this fenfe
it admits for.

We have had few knowing painters, becaufe of

the little inclination which princes have_/oc painting.

r\'r r • Dryden.

4. Difpofition of mind.

Bid him
Report the features of Odavia, her years.
Her inclination. Shake/. Amony and Cleopatra.

6. The tendency of the magnetical needle to
the Eaft or VN'eft.

f( [In pharmacy.] The aft by which a
clear liquor is poured off from fomcfa;ces
or fediment by only ftooping the veffel,
which is alfo called decantation. ^incy.

Incli'natory. adj. {frova incline.] Having
a quality of inclining to one or other.

If that /Vfr//aa;or>r virtue be deft/oyed by a touch
from the contrary pole, that end which before was
elevated will then decline. Bretvn's l^ulgar Errours.
Incli'natorilv, ad'v. [Uom inclinatory.]
Obliquely ; with inclination to one fide
or the other ; with fome deviation from
North and South.
Whether they be refrigerated incllnatorily.

fomewhat enuinoiially, that is, toward the ealtern
or weltcrn points, they difcover fome verticity.
cr- TVT/-.r T...,^ Brmvn's Vulgar Eirovrt.

n INCLl'NE. .V. n. [tnclino, Lat. inclin^r.
Fr.]

1. To bend; to lean; to tend toward any
part : with to or tmuardi.

Her h»ufc inclineib unto death, and her paths
unto the dead. Pro-v.\\.i%.

Still lo this place
My heart inclinei. Hill hither turn my eyes ;
Hither my leet unbidden find their way. ' Ronut.

2. To be favourably difpofed to ; to feel
deCre beginning.

lioth his majetfy
Incline to it, or no ?

He feems Indifferent;

'^\"^^"^''*m more upon our parts. Shakefp
rheir hearts '«/'«<//• follow Abimelech. "Judge,.
Tg Incli'ne, -v. a.

I. To give a tendency or direftion to any
place or ftate.

The timely dew of fleep,
Now falling with folt (lumb'rous weight, IncHnei

"".[..«)'>=-''<''; ^ . „ Milton.

I hos lar both armies to Belinda yield ;
Now to the baron fate incline! the field. Pate

A tow'ring ftruiturc to the palace join'd;
To this his Heps the thoughilul prince inclin-J. Pope.

2. To turn towards any thing, as defirous
or attentive.

Incline our hearts to keep this law. Com. Prayer
You have n..t 'nclinedyoureiruqtomc.Jerei^ai
But thit from us aught IhoulJ afcend to heav'n
-So prevalent, as to concern the mind
Of God high-blell, or to incline his will.
Hard to belief may feem, yet this will prayer.

\. lobcnd; to incurvate.

With due rcfpeO my body 1 iuclin'J,
As to fome being of (iiperior kind. Dryden.

To Incli'p. 'V. a. [in andr///.] Tografp;
to inclfjfc; to furround.

Whate'cr the ocean pales, or (ky incllpt,
I» Uiine, if ihou wilt ba't. Hb^kef. A«t. end Cticf.

fJ fKCLo'lSTEt. *. o. [in in& tlo/Jer.]

To fhut up in a cloifter.
rolNCLo'vD. "J. a. [/« and cloud.] To
darken ; to obfcure.

In their thick breaths.
Rank c)f grofs diet, (hall we be inclouded.
And forc'd to drink tlieir vapour. Siaiel*.

7e I N c L u'd E. -v. a. [includa, Lat.]

1. To inclofe; to fliut in: as. the iliell /«-
eludes a pearl.

2. To comprife ; to comprehend.

This delire being recommended to her Majefty.it
liked her to include the fame within one intire leafe.

.-, Bac^n.

1 he marvellous fable includes whatever is fuper-
natural, and efpecially the machines of the gods.

Inrtead of enquiring whether he be a man of
virtue, the queftion is only whether he be a Whig
or a Tory; under which terms all good ^d ill qua-
lities are included. St'ift
IfCLv'sivB. adj. {incLfrf, Er.J
1. Inclofiiig; encircling.

O, would that the incluftve veige
Of golden metal, that mult round my brow,
Were red-hot fteel, to fcir me to the brain ! Shik.

z. Comprehended in the fuin or number :
as, from Wednefday to Saturday »W«-
Ji-ve;- that is, both Wednefday and Satur-
day taken into the number,

I'll fearch where ev'ry virtue dwells.
From courts inclujive down to cells. Swift.

Inclu'sively. ffd^x... [iwminclifl-ve.] Ihe
thing mentioned reckoned into the ac-
count. See Inclusive.

Thus much (hall lervc for the feveral periods or
growth ol the common law, until the time of Ed-
ward I. inciujivily. Hale.

All articulation it made within the mouth, from'
the throat to the lips inclufively; and is differenced
partly by the organs ufed in it, and partly by the
manner and degice of articulating. Holder.

Incoa'culable. adj. [inmiicoagulable.]

Incapable of concretion.
Incoexi'stence. n.f \in vaA caexiftence.]
The quality of not exifting together;
non-aflbciation of exiftence. An unufual
word.

Another more incurable part of ignorance, which
fcis us more remote from a certain knowledge of
the coexillcnce or incocxijknce of different ideas ii»
the fame fubjefl, is, that there is no difcoverable
connexion between any fecondary quality and thofe
primary qualities it depends on. Locke,

Inco'g. ad-v. [corrupted by mutilation from
incognito, Latin.] Unknown ; in private^

But if you're rough, and ufe him like a dog.
Depend upon it, he'll remain incog. Addifpn.

Inco'citancy. n.f. [inco£itantia,'LiUa.]
Want ot thought.

One man's fancies are laws to fucceeders, who
afterwards mifname all unobfequioufnefs to their
incogitancy, prefumption. Boyle

Next to the llupid and merely vegetable ftate of
incogitancy, we may rank partial and piece-meaj
confideration. Decay of Piety

Inco'citative, adj. [in and cogitati-vi.]
Wanting the power of thought.

Purely material beings, as clippings of our beards,
and fenfible, thinking, perceiving beings, fuch at
we find ourfelves, we will call cogitative and inca.
gitative beings. /„,^,_

Inco'onito. ad'v. [tnccgmliis, Latin.] In

a ftate o? concealment.
'Twas long ago

Since gods came down incognito. Prior,

InCOHe'rbNCE. \ r- J 7 -i

Incohe'rency. / "•^- L'" ^"^ coherence.]
I. Want of coh«fionj loofencfs of material

parts,

INC

Tf plaifttr he beaten into an impalpilile powJer, '
when poured out it will emulate a liauor, by reafon
that the fraallnefs and Inctbercnce of the parts do both
make them eafy to be put into motion, and makes
the pores they intercept fo fmall, that they interrupt
not the unity or continuity of the mafs. _ Boyle.

3. Want of connexion J incongruity, in-
• confequence of argument; want of de-
pendence of one part upon another.

I find that laying the intermediate ideas naked in
their due order, (hews the incohereMct of the argii-
znentations belter than fyllogifms. Lo^ke.

Incobninces in matter, and fuppofilions without
proofs, put handfomely together, are apt to pafi for
ftrong reafon. Ljcki,

Incohe'rent. adj. [in and cahereut.]

1. Wanting coheuon; loofe; not fixed to
each other.

Had the rtrau of (tone become folid, but the mat-
ter whereof they confift continued lax and Incoherent,
they had confecjuently been as pervious as thofe of
marie or gravel. IVoodtuarJ.

2. Inconlequential; inconfiftent; having no
def»endance of one part upon another.

We have inftances of perception whilft we are
afleep, and retain the memory of them ; but how
extravagant and incoherent are they, and how little
conformable to the perfeilion of a rational being !

Locke.

Incohe'rently. adv. [from incbere/tt.]
InconfiftentI)-; inconfequentially.

Thecharaftcr of Eurylochus is the imitation of
» perfon confounded with fears, fpeaking irrationally
and incoheremly. Broome.

Incolu'mitv. «,/. \jncolumitai., Latin.]
Safety; fecurity. A word very little in
ufe.

The parliament is necelTary to affert and preferve
the national rights of a people, with the incolumUy
and welfare of a country. HoTvet.

Iwcombustibi'lity. ». y. [from incom-
btiftible.'\ 1 he quality of refilling fire fo
that it cannot confumc.

The ftone in the Apennines is remarkable for its
(hining (juality, and the amianthus for its incombufii-

iiiity.

Ra

'/•

IncoMBu'stible. aJJ. [i/icom huftible, V r
»a and combiijtible.'] Not to be confuraed
by fire.

It agrees in this common quality afcribed unto
both, of being incombuJIibU, and not confumable by
6re. mikim.

I.vcoMBu'sTtBi.ENESS. »./. [from iticom-
buftible.'] The quality of not being wafted
by fire.

I'ncome. «./. [;>/ and fOOT^.] Revenue;
produce of any thing.

Thou who repined at the plenty of thy neigh-
bour, and the greatnefs of \\\s incomes, confiJer what
are frequently the difinal confeijuenccs of all this.

Sauih.
No fields afJbrd
So large an income to the village lord. Bryden.

St. Caul has fcarce any lands belonging lo it,
and little or no income but what arifes tr^m its
trade: the great fupportof this little itite is its linen
manufaaure. Addlfon on Italy.

NotwithBanding the large ircomrs annexed to Ibme
few of her preferments, this church haih in the
whole little lo fubCft on. Alterbury.

IwcoMMENSuRABi'LiTr.w./. [from/Vcw-
■ menJurableJl The ftate of one thing with
refpeift to another, when they cannot be
compared by any common meafure.
Incomme'nsur ABLE. adj. [Ffench, from
in, can, and menfurabilis, Latin.] Not
to be reduced to anv meafure commr>n to
both ; not to be tneafuted together, fuch
as that the proportion of one to the other
can behold.

INC

Our difputations about vacuum t/t fpace, \ncom-
nenfkrable quantities, in the infinite divifibility of
matter, and eternal duration, will 4ead us to fee the
weakncfs of our nature. Ifaili.

Incomme'nsur ATE. ad/, [in, eon, and
menjura, Lat.] Not admitting one com-
mon meafure.

The diagonal line and tide of a quadrate, which,
to our apprchenfion, are incommenj'uiale, are ,yet
commenfurable to the infinite comprehenfion of the
divine intcllea. Mare.

As all other meafures of time are reduciblc'to
thefc three ; fo we labour to reduce thefe three,
though ftriflly of themfelves incommenfurale to one
another, for civil ufe, roeafuring the greater by the
lefs. • Holder on 'time.

If the year comprehend days, it is but as any
greater fpace of time may be faid to comprehend a
lefs, though the lefs fpace be incommenjurale to the
greater. Holder on lime.

To INCO'MMODATE. 7 t. a. [incommode,

Ti INCOMMODE. J Latin; incom-

moder, Fr. ] To be inconvenien t to ; to

hinder or embarrafs without very great

injury.

A gnat, planted upon the horn of a bull, begged

the bull's pardon; but rather iaiXi incor.-.mode ye,

fays he, I'll remove. L'EJlrange.

•Although they fomelimes moleft and incommode

the inhabitants, yet the agent, whereby both the

one and the other \i effeiScd, is of that indifpenfible

necdiity to the earth and to mankind, that they

couldjiot I'ubfiil without it. . fyoodward.

iNCoMMo'i^ioius, adj. [incommodtis, Latin.]

Inconvenient; vexatious without great

mifchief. . ,

Things of general benefit, for in tliis world what is
fo perfe(ft that no inconvenience doth ever follow it?
may by fome accident be incommodious to a few. '

Hooker. .
Men's intentions in fpeaking are to be underftood,
without frequent explanations and incommodious in-
tarruptions. Locke.

Incommo'diously. ad<v. [from incommo-
dious.'] Inconveniently ; not at eafe.
Incommo'diousneSs." K.yl [from incom-
modious.'] Inconvenience. '

Difeafes, difordert, and the incommodioufnefs of
external naiuie arc inconfillent with happinefs.

Burnet.
IncoMMo'diTY. ». /. [incommcditi, Fr.
iticommrjditas , Layn.^ Inconvenience ;
trouble.

Declare your opinion, what iKCcmmodity you have
conceived to he in the common law, which 1 would
have thought moft free from all fuch didike-

Sfenfer's Slate of Ireland.

If iron can be incorporated with liint or ftone,
without over great charge, or other incommodily,
the chcapncfs doth make the compound ftuff pro-
fitable. Bacon.

By ionfidering the region and the winds, one
might fo call the rooms, which IhaTJ moll need Sre,
that he Ihould little fear the incommodily of fmoak.
ly'oltun's Arcljilellure.

Incommunicabi'lity. «. /. [from /»-'
communicable.] The quality of not being
impartible.
Incommu'nicable. ndj. [incommttnicable ,

Fr. in and communicable]
I. Not impartii)le; not to be made the
common right, property, or quality of
more than one.

They tsinnot a(k more than I can give, may I

but refcive to myfelf the incommunicable jewel of

my confcience. ^'"g Charles.

Light without darknefs is the incommunicable

claim of him that dwells in light inaccellible.

Glanville.

It was agreed on both (ides, that there was one

fupreme excellency, which was i/icymmunicable to

any creature. Siillingjlcei,

I N C

2. Not to be expreflcd ; not to bfl-toliK'

Neither <lid he treat them with thefe peCuliantiet
of favour in the extrajfdinary dilcovems of the
gofpcl only, but alfo of thofe inconunsenicaiU left-
lations of the divine lore, in refeteuce to their own
perlbnal interell in it. Saieti.

Inco.mmu'nicably. adv. [from incam-
municable.] In a manner not to be-im-
parted or communicated.

To annihilate is both in reafon, and by the ^-
fcnt ot divines, as infonununicably the etfe£t of \
power divine, and above natuie, as is creation itlelf.
HakeVfiU on yrovidcBce.
Incommu'nICativg. adj. [in and comr
munica.'ing.J Ha\*ing no intgrcourfc with
each other.

. The judgttVcntS'ana adminidrations of common
juilice are prefervcd from that confufion that would
enfuc, if tl»e admmith'ation was by fcirral incurs
municating hands, or by provincial cliablifhmeiits.
Hate's Covimin La.iv,
Incompa'ct, Xodj. [in and comfaHed.]
Incompa'c.trd. J Not joined; not co-
hering. ' ' ■'•' '

Sa'.t, fay they, is the bafis of folidity and per-
manency in compound bodies, without which tlie
other four elements might be varioully blended, but
wou'd remain incompAFUd. Bt>yle.

I NCo'm PARABLE, adj. [incomparable, Fr. /«
,s.i\d comparable. ] Excellent above com-
pare ; excellent beyond all competition.

My heart would not fufi'cr me to omit any occa.
fion, whereby i might make the incmnparabie
Pamela fee huw much extraordinary devotion I bore
to her fervice. Sidnt^

A moft incomparable man, breath'd as it were
To an untirjble and contiiiuate goodnel's. Siakrfp.
■ Her words do (hew her wit incotnparatle. Shak,

Now this ma(k
Was cried incomparable, and th' enfuing night
Made it a fool and beggar. Sbakefp. Henry VIII.
It 1 could leave tliis aijument of your incom-
parable bauty, 1 might turn lo one which would
equally opprefs me wiih iib greatnefs. Dryden.

In c o'm p a r a b l y. ad-v. [from incomparable. ]
\i Beyond comparifon ; without competi-
tion. , .4 '
A founder it harf, whom 1 think ineani^araity
the wifeft man that tV«r the Kiench church did
enjoy, fince the hour it enjoyed him. Hooker.
Sell-prefcivation will oblige a man voluntarily lo
undergo any lefs evil, to fecure himfcif but from
the probability oi an evil imomparably greater.

South.

2. Excellently; to the higheft degree. A
low phrafe.

'I'htre are the heads of Antoninus Pius, the

FauiVinas, and Marcus Aurelius, all incomparably

well cut. Addifon on Italy.

Incomp a'ssionate.o;^'. [in zwd compajjion-

ate.] Void of pity; void of tendernefs.
Incomp atibi'lity, II. f, [properly in-
competibility, in and competo, Latin.] In-
confillency of one thing with another.

He overcame that natcral incompailbiliiy, which
hath been noted between the vulgar and the fovereiga
favour. Wolton.

The reafon of the ftrefs relh not upon the in-
comfeiibilitj ol excels of one inlmitude above anothCT,
either in intenfion or exienfion; but the mrontte'i-
hilily of any multitude to be infinite. Hale.

Incompa'tible. [inCi.mpatible, French;
rather incompetible, as it is fometimes
written ; in and competo, Lat.]
i. Inconfiftent with fomething elfe; fuch
as cannot fubfift or cannot be poffefted
together with fomething elfe : it is fol-
lowed by evjith. . . . ■ ,

Fortune and love have ever been fo incoMpaliile,
that it is no wonJer, rnadam, if, having had fo
much of the one for you, 1 haye'cver found fo litrte
of the other for mj (t\i, i'uc'l.

May

I N C

May Bol the outward eipreflioni of love in many
good Chriftiansbc greater to feme other objcfl than
lo God f Or is this incomfelibU ■wiib ihc fiiiccrity of
ihe love of Gad i Humi^cnd.

We know moie colours which have a trjenJftip
with each other, and thofe whicli are mcomfati-h,
by milting together thofe colours of which we would
make trial. DryJen.

Senfe I have proved to be Ucimfatihlt with mere
bodies, even thofe of the molt compound and ela-
borate textures. _ Bint.
Z, It is fometimcs with ie.

The repugnancy of infinitude ir equally mccmpa-

rii/f fd continued or fucceflive molioii, and depends

upon the impofiibility of things fuccelftre with infi-

mtode. f^;'''-

Incompa'tiblv. adv. [for incompttihly,

itomimcompatihle.\ Inconfiftentiy.
iKCo'mrsTENCY. ». / [incompetfnce, Fr.
from incompetent. \ Inability ; want of
adequate ability or qualification.

Our not being able to difcem the motion of a flia-
iow on a dial-plate, or that of ihe index upon a clock,
ought to make us feofible of the imomprtrncy a\ our
cjesto difcem fome motions of natural bodies in.
comparably flower than thcfe. hnyie.

Isco'mpetent. adj. \in and competent.]
Not fuitablc ; not adequate ; not propor-
tionate. In the civil law it denotes fome
defeft of right to do any thing.

Richard HI had a refolution, out of hatred to his
brethren, to difable their iflues, upon falfe and in.
lomfrmt pretexts, the one of atuinder, the other ot
illc|rtimation. Bacim.

Every fpeck does not blind a man, nor does everj-
intirmitr make one unabie to difcem, or incomfrttm
to reprove, the grofler faults of others.

Govtrimtnl of the Tongue.

I thank you for the commillion you have given
me : how I have acquitted royfelf ol it mull be lelt
to the opinion of tlie world, in fpite of any pro-
uftation which 1 can enter againft the pt»fent agp,
as ircstrtpttm or corrupt judges. Drjdtn.

Laymen, with equal advantages of parts, arc not
the moll I ni-c«*rtc«r judges of facrcd things.

An equal atlraAion on all lidei of all matter, is
jull equal to no altraflion at all ; and by this means
all the motion in the univeife mull proceed from
catemal impulfe alone, which is an ina-mprtent caufe
for the foimation of a world. HeniUy.

I » c o' M P E T I N T I. Y . adv. [ froffl iiicompeltnt.]

Unfuitably ; unduly.
Ikcomple'te. adj. [imiad complfie.^ Not
perfect ; not finifhed.

It pleafclh him in mercy to account himfelf i/n-cm-
fUtt and maimed without us. Ho-Atr.

In initmpitir ideas we are apt lo impofe ou oux-
felvcs, and wrangle with others, efpecially where
they have particular and familiar names. L~cie.

Incomplbteness. »,/. [from incomplete.]
Impcrfeftion ; tmflnifhed Rate.

The inctniplticn*Ji of our ferapliitk lover's happi-
nefs, in his frtiition^, protecdi pot from their want of
fatisfaaorinefs but ol an intire pofleflion. li-^yic.

iNcoMPLrxNCE. »./. [m and compliance]
I. Untra6tibknefs ; imprailicablencfs; con-
tradictious tetnper.

Self-CTiKeii iir^dum pAvillinefs and iHftmfliaicf
9I humour io things Uwiul aiul indiiktciM. 7»'^r/<.ir.
Z. Rcfufal of compliance.

Canfidar the vaft difproportion between the word
i:iconveniencle> that can attend our i/tcctnt.iai.cr with
m«ni and (he eternal difplcafure ot an ofrrndtrd Cod.

Rt.giri.
ItftowPu'jiFO. ad/, [m 3i\A comp<iJed,\ \i\i-
turbed ; difcompofcd ; difordcrcd. Not
much u(«d.

S'^meviliji inc-mfofrJ they are in their irimmiiig,

acd eairsordmaTy tet.dcr of theif young ones. Hi.\^ti

Ihc oMP0«SI rri'tn V. »./. [from incr)?nfir>j/i.

kit.] Qiiallty of being not poliiblc but

Vet. k.

I-'N C

by the negation or deftruftion of- fome-
thlng ; inconfiftency with fomething.

The manifold in^mfrJf:hiUtU: and lubricities of

matter cannot have the fame litnclfes in any modi-

tication. ^'>"-

Though the repugnancy of infinitude be equally

incompetible to continued or fucceffive morion, and

depends upon the rxcomfcJiiiUly of the very nature

of things fucccrtive ot extenfive vvith infinitude, yet

that incrjmMjJihiliiy is more confficuous in difcretc

quantity, that arifeth from individuals already aflually

dillinguilhed. HoU't OriginoJ Mankind.

iNCOf.lPo'sSlBLE. adj [^in,con,&nAfnJf:ble.]

Not poffible togi;rfier ; nor poffible but by

the negation of fomething elfe.

InComprehensibi'lity. n.f. [incompre-

l}f7jJibilitc,Yr. from incoKprehenJible.] Un-

conceJveablenefs ; fuperiority to human

undcrftanding.

iNCOMPurHEKSlBLE. adj. {incompHhenfi-

ble, Fr. /'« and comprthtnjthle.]

1 , Not to be conceived ; not to be fully
underfiood.

His precepts tend to the iirproving and perfefling
the mod valuable part of us, and annexing incem-
frelitnfiblt rewards as an eternal weight of glory.

Bammond.
Stars that fefm to roll
Spares incumprthtrjibtt. Mill'jn.

One thing more is inc^^mpreljerjible in this matter.

Locki .

Th« laws of vegetation and propagalioit are the

arbitrary pl.-afurc of God, and may vary in manners

incompretiffjihlt to our imaginations. Bentlry.

2. Not to be contained. Not now ufed.

Prefence every where is the fequel of an infinite
and incomfrtberfihie fubllance ; for what can be
e«ry where, but that which can no where be com-
piehended ? Hooker.

Incomprehe'nsibleness. n.f. [from /«-
cmprehenfihle.] Unconceivcablenefs.

1 might argue from Cod's incomprthrnfihlcmf:
if w^ could believe nothing but what we have ideas
of, it would be impofiible for us to believe God is
incomprchenfible. h^t/fri.

Incomprshensiblv. adv. [from itrcom-
prehenfible.] in a manner not to be con-
ceived.

We cannot but be alTured that the Cod, of whom
and from whom are all things, is incemfrebm/ibly
infinite. Lockr.

Incompressible, adj. [incompreffible, Fr.

in and comprcffMe.^ Not capable of being

comprefled into lefs fpace.
Hardncfs is the reafon why water is incomfrejpble,

when the air lodged in it is exhaiiflcd. Cheyne

Incompressibi'litv. n.f. [from iucom-

prejjible.] Incapacity to be fqueezed into

lefs room.
Incoscur ring, adj, [/■« ami concur.] Not

concurring.

They derive effWls not only from incorrrurring
caufes, but-thing^ devoid of all efficiency. Br(nvn.
iNCOifCEALABi. e1 adj. [in and conceal.]
Not to be hid ; not to \\e kept fecret.

Tht inftjmetjiabU\mpeTU(\'ionk of 04irfelvcs will
hourS prompt us our comiptujn, and loudly tell u;
wc arc fous of earth. Btoivn.

Inco!»c t'lVABtE. adj, [incMiCfifaile, Fr.
in aiid conceivable.] Incomprchenfible;
not tt> be conceived by the mind.

Such ate- Cliriif r promifes, ^n'me inconcerifaU
prnmifes; jblifsto be enjoyed lo all e;erniiy, and
that by way of return fer a weak obedience ol fome

• yean.

timmmbnd.

It is inconetlvibie to mc, that a fpirilual fub-
(latKE Uiould rcprefeut ao extended figure. Ijickc.

flow two eihets can be ditfufcd through all fpice,
one cjl^vhith afts upon the other, and by confequence
is roftcd updn, without retarding, Hiattering, dit-
petfing, and coBfoaodiog one another's uiotioiji^, i<
inuiuiivtii; Htv/ttn'iOpuiki

1 N C

Inconce'ivaslt. ad-v. [from inconcelv
able.] In a mwiner beyond comprehcn-
fion 5 to a degree beyond human corapre-
henfion.

Does that m.in take a rational couffe to preferve
himfolf, who refufes the endurance of thofe leffer
troubles, to fecure himfelf iTom a condition incon-
ceivably more miferable ? South.
Inconce'ptible. adj. [in and c!meepfible\
coHcepius, Lat.] Not to be conceived ; in-
comprchenfible ; inconceivable. A word
not ufed. ,

It is imonceftihie how any fuch man, thlt hitK

Rood the ihock of an eternal duration without cor-

iniptiotr, fliould after be corrupted. Hale.

Incorci.ui>ent. adj. \in and concluJens,

Lat.] Inferring no cottfequence.

The depofitions of witncfl'es themfclves, as being
falfe, various, contrarient, fingle, incondudcnt.

AyUffe's Pareigetf.
IffcONCLtJSlVP. adj. \in and conclufive^']
Not enforcing any deterrain,ition of tlie
ra1nd ; not exhibiting cogent evidence.
Inconc j-O'siVELY. ad-v, [from htconelu-
ffve.] Without any fuch evidence as de-
termines the undcrftanding. ' .
I.vcoscLu'oivEt^ESS. n.f. [JLiOCa. ineoHctji-
five.] Want of rational cogency. • , •
A man, unlkilful in fyllogifm, at firft hearing,
could perceive the weakneis and incontlfi/ivtnffs of a
long, artilicial, and p!;iulible difcourfe, wherevvith'
fomi others, better IkiUcd in fyllogifm, have been
miflcd. Liick't.

Inconco'ct. \°dj,. \_ina.nAconcii^.] Uri-
Inconco'cted. J ripened; inimatart j;
not fully digt;fted. ' "

While the body, to be converted and altered, is
tooftrong for the clhcicnt that (hould convert it, it it.
all that while crude and inconcoli ; and the procefs
is to be called crudity and inconcodtion. Bar^n,

I underltand, remember, and reafon better in my
riper years, than when 1 was a child, and had ir\y
organical parts lefs digefted and inconioCled. Hale. ,
Inconcoction. ;:. /. [from inconcacf:]'
The ftate of being indigelled i unriptnefsj
immattirity.

The middle aAion, which produceth fuch imper-
feft bodies, is fitly called inquination,or inconcoHion^
which is a kind of putrefaction. Bacon's Nat. Hift.
While the body, to be convened and alteied, is too
ftrong for the efficient that (hould convert ir, it is all
that while crude and inconcoO ; and the procefs is
to be called crudity and inconco^ion. Bacon.

Inco'.vdite. adj. \inconditus, Latin. j Irre-
gular; rude; unpolifhedi

Now fpottive youth
Carol incondite rhymes with fuiting noter*
And quaver inharmonious. Philips, '

Inconui'tional. adj, [ w and conditional,]
Without exception ; without limitation ;
without (lipulation.

From th.1i which is but trua in a qualified fenfct
an inconjiiional and abfoluie verity is inferred.

Broun.
Incomdi'tionate. adj. [in and condition.^
Not limited ; not relltamed by any con-
ditions. Abfolute.

They alcribc to God, in relation to every mail, ail

cterttal, unchangeable, and inconditionatc degree of

election or reprobation. Btiyit.

I N c o » F o'r M I T Y . ». /. [»'» altd Conformity, j

Incompliance with tlie practice of others.

We have thought their opinion to be, that utter
i«f &»/lrM;r>' -with the church of Rome was not an
extiemity wliereunto we Iboti'.d be dr.iwn for a time,
but the very mediocrity itlclf, wherein they meant
we Oiould ever continue. Hoiko''.

Inconfu'sion. n. f. [/« and confu/ioH.\
Diftindncfs. Not ufed.

The caule oi the conlulion in founds, and the

imor'fu/ion m fpeciei vilihic, i&, lot that the fight

6 M workets

INC

worlcf til in rigtit lines >n* f" tlint on fce n(» coin-
cidence in the eye; but founili that move in oblique
and ircuaie lines, mull oeeils cncountcc and dilturb
the one tlie o<hcr. Bacon.

lNco'>fCRUENCE. ft./. [/» nnd cotigruexce.^
Unfuitablcnefa ; want of adaptation.

Humidity is but relative, and depend&,upan the
eongtuity or irtforgruf/tcf o\ the component particles
of the liquor to the pores ot the bodies it touches.

IttcoftGRv'fVY.n./. [j*«»jw//, Fr. from

1. Unfuitablenefsof one thing to another.

The fathers nuke ufe of this acknowledgment of
the /nfcw^rtfiry of images to the Deitv, from thence
to prove the iHcntgruify of the wotDiip of them.

Siil/ingjfeft.

2. Itjconfiftency ; inconfequence ; abfurdi-
ty ; impropriety.

To avoid abfurdilies and incongrnhit!, is the fame

iia'w eftablithed for both arts; the painter U not to

' paint a cl*"»ud at the bottom of a piiiurc,nor the poet

to place what is proper to the end in the beginning

oi a pocr.i. DryAii.

3. J>ifcigieeiTieRt of parts; want of fym-
metry.

She, whom after what form tjc'er we fee,
1« difcoid and luii'l i>:ta/lgruilj ;
She, file is dcjd, Ihe's dead. Doxnc

Inco'ncruous. adj. [incongra, Fr. /'« and
(cngruous.}

1. Unfuitable ; not fitting'.

Wifer heathens condemned the worfhip of God as
iKc ,rt7ruju3 i^ a divine nature^ and a diL}i3ragement
to the deity. HiiUiigJitit.

2. InconCtknt ; abfurd.
lm:o'NCRi.'ousLY. iiJ'u. [Uonx hicengruoui,^

Iinprcpi:rJy ; unfitly.
IwcoNNt'xtDLY. aJv. [;'« and connexJ]
Without any connexion or dcpendance.
Little ufed.

Others afcribed hereto, aj » caufe, what perh:ips
liut cafuall y or Incjnmxcily fuccceds. Bi oil-ii .

Inco'nscionabi.e. (ti(/\ [///and coufciona-
ble.\ Void of the fenfe of good and
evil : without influence of confcience.
Not ofed.

So inmnfcUnahlt are thefe common people, and
folittle leehnghaye they of God, or ilicirown foul's
jood. .s>/»y;v.

iNCONSxquENCE. «. /. \inccKfcijuence, Fr.
intatifeqninitn, Lafin.J Inconclufivcnefs ;
wantofjiift inference.

Tlii» he bcftows the name of m.iiiyf.irjcics upon ;
and runs on with fliewing the iiic-jHft'iurna oi it,
as iliough hcdidia earnell believe it wvie an imperti-
nent anfweir. HaUhigf^tl.
IkCo'nseqjjent. adj. [in and ccnequens,
Lat.] Without juft conclufion; without
rfgiilar inference.

'I'he ground heaflumes is unfounJ, and his illation
ftpm thtnie deduced inconjiqvinl. lUknudl.

Men tell not in fa'.fe apptehcnfions without abfiiid
and irKox/fjiKKl deduflions fiom fallacious founJa-
tion3, and anifapprehcnded mediums, ercrtingcon.
dulioiis no way iulctrible from their piemifcs.

Hiawn'i f^ulgar Errours.

Inconsi'deraBLE. adj. [i/t 3n^\ ee>i/idatj-

i/e.] Unworthy of notice ; uninipoftaat ;

mean ; of little value.

i wivin i«coi;/UiraiLk\low, and know notliing.

' The raoll inceifiJtrabk of creatures may at fome
time or other come to revenge itfdf upon the greaiel't.
k L'EJlrunge.

tailing my eye» upon the ants, continually taken
up with a thoufanJ cares, very inmnJldtrMt with
refpca to u?, but of the grcateft importance tor them
ihey appeared to me worihy of my curiofuy. MA\[:
May not planets and coinets perform their mo-
tions more' tieely. and with lefs retiihtiwe, in ihis
ethereal mcdiuia than in anj dttid, wliwb Ull*»ll

INC

(JiK»s3e<jU5te!y without leaving any poret, tnJ 1)y
confcfuence is much denfcr than quici.lilvcr or gold f
And may notiti reliiUnce be fo fnuUasto be in ti'Ji-
dtrMif Nnvltn.

II wc were under any rral fear of the papilb, it
would be hard to think us lb Itupid not to be equally
apprcbenfivc with others, lince wc are likely to bi
tlic greateil (utTcrrrs ; but we look upon liicm to be
altogether as incotipJirabU as tiic women and thil-
dien. Sti'i/t.

Let no fin appear fmalt or hcofJiJerailt ^y which
an almighty God is of&odcd, and etunal faivati

3i'4t^c

endangered.
In CONS i'dER ABLE NESS

Rog.,,. I

«.^ ^ftora inci/u-
I Jiderahk.\ Small importance, m . ':

To tliofe who are thoroughly convir.ccd of the in-

, civjiierubkrtcfs of this (hort dyins life, in comparifoil

of that eternal Hate which remaint for us in another

lite, the conlidciation of a future happinefs is the

mcft powerful motive. Tiiioi/in.

From the conliJeration of our own fmallm-s .iMd

iiumfderaliltnej's, in rcfped of the greatncfs and

fplcndor of heavenly bodies, let us with tlie lioly

■ pfalmirtraife up ourlieatii. R.'.y o>: tit CrciiUi

Inconsi'derate. adj. \Jiico>.f,derc, Fr. iu-

^em/ideriif us, Latin.] 1 .

1. Carelefs; thoughtlefs; negligent -inat-
tentive ; inadyfertent: ufed both of n>cn
and thnigs.

When thy incoitfiitralt hand
Flings ope thiscafemciii » iih my trembling name,
Tlieli thiiili this name alive, and that tliiiu thus
l4i it oHend'll my genius. ■ Donne.

li youiameui it,.
That which now looks like juftice, will be tlvousht
hn iiicittJlditau'LitinwSi. Dmbam'i Sjfcy.

It is a very uuliappy token of our corruption, ihat
there fliculd be any fo incwfiiieru'.t among us as to
fjcrifice morality to politicks. Addifm'i Fretholdcr.

2. Wanting due regard ; with 0/" before the

fubjta. • :

He who laid down his life for the redemption of
the tranfgrelfions which were under ilie hrll Tclla-
ment, cannot be (0 incorifidei.ilc o/oui frailtips.

Decay of Piety.
InCONSi'dER ATELY. adl\ [frOin UHOIlji-

i-'craie.] Negligcatly > thouglulefbly;
inattentively. :.

Tlic king, iranfported with juft wrath, .jVs»-
fUiitiKly (is'iting atid precipitating the charge,- l-e-
icre his wliolp numbers came up, wus flain in the
pi.rfuit. ' , A"-'-''-

J.)fcph was delighted with Mariamns's convcrU-
tion, and endeatoured viith all his art to let out l)ie
excefs of Herod's palliun for her but when he Hill
found her cold and incredulous, he ir:i:t,nfidcra(,ih
told her llic private order he had Iclt behind. ,4/<i///o'.'.
iKCONSIDtRATENESS. n. /. [Uom illCOIlJt-

derate.] Careleflhefs; thoiightleffnefs ;
negligence ; want of thought ; inadvert-
ence; inattention.

If men do know and believe that there isfuch
a being as GcJ, not to demean ourfelves towards
him. as becomes our relation to, him> is great -l^u-
ftiity ani iacsi'Jdei;jlcnrjs. TithtJoK.

Inconsidera'eion. u.f. liiMufideralian,^
FrcncK, in and canjideratiou.^ ,Want of
thought ; inattention ; inadvertence

S. Gregory reckons untleanncfs to be ih&^iarent/ ji,y of tlicm puie and unmixt,

2. Abfurdity iri arguineiit or nrifratlotj ; «(;»•
, guiai;iit or narrative, where one p.irt-de»

'. ftroys the other; felf-contradietion.

3. Incinhjru'fty. . |

MittaSility of temper, i\-A iBc'-.fifJIt^iy Viiib WX^

I fclv.i, is the creitcll weakn'cfs ofhuman iiatitfe.

■■■ . ; ..„ ■• •■ ■■■,., , ,MJ!/Sh.

ft' a man'wSuli regiftsr a}) l)i» 'opinions ;:poo. love ,

: poliiicEs, religTon a.id learninj, Wh.u a bundle of

incCnJiflcnciii and contraditlions would appear at lall.

Sv!ft,

.\. Unilcadinefs ; changeablcuefs.
I N c o N s 1 's T e K T . aJj. [ in and ccnjljUitt . ]
|l. Incompatible; not fuitable; incongnj-
! ous.: folloNsfd b\- 'cOiVi^'. ■ ' .

Kindipg T)o kiiid of compliance^ but fliarp pro-
teft.iiious agaiall the dtmandj, m JncniUiJltnt -wtib
confcience,. jultice, or religion, the conference brok»
Otf. Cliirend'^n.

Compofitions of this narure, when thus relliained,
lliew tliai wifdom and virtue are far from being /v.
ciiitJiJicKt 'U.'Uh poliieocli, and good hui.iour.

Addipn'i Freeboidtr.

1. Contrary, fo as that one infers the nega-
j tion or defhuition of iheorher. •'.'
The idea of an inS'iite Ipaic or duration 5s tery
obfcure andcan&ifcd^bccaule it is tnadc.upiof twj

pans very dili'ercnt, itnoti/«!i'y/tf«;. J^tke,

3. Abfurd; having p^^J^ of which one dp-

j ftroys the other.

J M c o X s I 's T t s T I. y . adv. [from iiiccirJrfli-Ht ]

Abfiirdly ; incoiignioully ; with feif-coii-

tradiclion. , . ,,. ^. .,

IsC(>'NSoi-ABLB.,'<M^*i \iMi)Hfdalh y Yi. in
\ and «///«/-.] Not to be comforted ; foc-

rowful beyond fufcqnibility of comfort..
Mer women will reprefent to me iliat ihc is //:-

ccnj'dabhy by reafon of my unkindiicls. AddiJ^h.
They take plealure in an obilin.ite grief in ren-
dering thcmfelves iriaftjf/iah'e. Fuides^i Sermons.
I.mc«'nson A K c Y. 71. f. \^i}i zad cmijonaticj .^

Difagreement with itfclf.
Inconspicuous, adj. [/// and cotifpicuou! ,'\

Indifcernible; no? perceptible- by' the

. H^^' ■■■•■■

when an excellent experimenter had taken pains.
in accuiatcly filling up a lube of mercury, wc tound
th.it yet there remained llore of incinf^icuoux bub-
bles. • Btyle.
Inco'.n'sta no y. n. ft \iiumjiantiaf Lat. in-
< cau/faMf, Vr. irom i>u-o»Ja//t.] -i','-. I
.1. UnlleaiUnefi ; war>t of lleady adherence;,
mutability of temper. or affertion.

I have fullered more for their fakes, more thix
the villainous iriconjiancy of man is able to bear.

Sbakefpt.ire.
' Be made the m.irk

For all the people's hate, the princefs*" curfcs.
And his foil's rage» or the old king's inoinjiancy.

Dcnbam.

Irrefolution on the fchemes of life which oiler to

our choice and incor'JI.mcy In purfuiiig them, .-ire

the jreaiell caul'es of all our unhapptneCs. Addijon.

2. Diverfity; diflimilirude.

As much inctujl-incy and confufion is there in
their mixtures or combmatioiis; ior.it is rare to tind

iVoadliiayd.

of blindneI>'of mind, inconjidtratiun, precipitancy
or giddinefs in aiftions, and felf-love. -T.-.^hr.

Inconsi'stinc. aJi. [iv and coufji.] Not
confilkiit i i^cor)i'patlble witli. Not ufed.
■ Tlfe ^i^iliius ii#>l adians of a farce arc all unna-
tural^ and ihc irvniiers fali'e i' thai ity-inianjijling
with the cUatadci^ of .iaankiiul. Drydtn's Dujref.

Inconsi'&tence. ^ r l(,;^i„cohfiP«t.'\

I. Such oppofition s.% ^at one prbpofition
infers the negation of the other; fuch
contrariety that Iwth cannot.bctpgeiher,

'I'herc is a periia mtui:fqleniy iiitocen Out which
'a of debt, wl that which is of free gUu,. -SwA.

INCO'NSTANT. adj. [htconjiant.it.in-
conjlnns, Latin.] ■ - _ •

Not firm in refoltltion; not fteady in
affcclion ; various of inclination ; \yan?-
ing perfeverance : of pcrfons.

flc islo luiuriilly <«iwy/«/rr,^tha« I marvel hisi
foul finds not fome way to kill the body. Sidniy.
.Changeable; mutable; viuigble.; .ivf
things.

O Isvear net by the moon, th' incottftant moon,
Thatmonihlychan|f5 in her circleAorb, ■; , ,
Left tliai thy lave p rjvs likcwife YariaWe.

■ -'■', . SbtthJliatr,

jNCONftj'MABLE.

I

IN C;

Ixcossu'm'able. adj. \in and anfiime.']
Not to be wafted.

._.By art were w^avcd napkins, fliirts, and coats,

' ir^coytfumslU by fire, and wherein they bjrnt the bo-

i diesef letnn. . ." Brown.

I.vcoksu'mptirle. oftj. [w :mAconfump-

, to, Latin.] Not ro be fpent; not ta

1^, t^e brought to an en^ ; not to be deftroyei

.. by iire. This feems a more elegant word

I han incon/umab It.

Betbre I ^ive any stnfwcr to ihil objeflion of pre-

Xrr^itilmccv(mr:}i\hh\\^^u, I «T>uld fladly fee the

■ ettia uixJoubtedlr prevei. ' DighmiioJit:;

■IsrcoNTt'sTABLi. adj. {jiiKiitjiabk, Fr. in

and cuitejl.l Kot to be difpiited ; not

I admitting debate; uncontrovertible. '

Ojr own bein^ firrniihcs tjs with an evident and
incfmlt'fijile proofof a Deity; and 1 believe nobody
can avoJ ihc cogency of it, »ho will catefully m.
•Km* to u. ' L'.ikt.

Ixfo.vTE'si»ASi.r. ad-j. [from inantrfia-
■//f.] Indifj.'iitabl)- ; uncontrovertibly.
IKeoNii'cuous. aJj. [;« and C'jnli^Hom.'\
Not touching each other ; not joined to-
gether. I

1 hey feomed part of fmali tracelcts, conCfting of
equally litdc inton^igboui beads. B^jylr.

Inco'NTmgNCE. J »./. [iunntweutia.Lst.
Ikco'xtinexcv. ( in and
Inability to reftrain the appetite
thaftity'. ' •

The cojnirance of her hemtHiency
li this; (he baih bought the name of whore tjius
de.rly. m^ji;

Bjt bcautri like (he fair Hefperian tree,
1,1 in with bl'ximing gold, had need the guard
*)t Jrigon-watch wicii uriiiich.uiTed eye,
To lave her bloflbni5, and defend her fruit
From the ralTi hand of bold incontinrnt-f. Milton.

This is my deicnce;
1 pleaj'd myfclf, i thuiin'd tiaccntirjerrft
And, uij'd by (bong dcfircs, indulg'd my fenfe.

Oryjrn.

The words. ^1- vrfe Di'jnam agree better with
T.ivia, whohsd the fame of chafliiy, than with ei-
thrr oft he Juliai, who were both nored for inaitil-

^^coKTI^•E^■T. adj. [iacmiae/is, Lai. /»

and oiiii/tent.^

I. Untharte; indulging unlawful pica fu re.

In thefe degrees have they made a pair of fta.rs lo

rairriai;*, which they will climb iiiContintiit, or elfc

be 'f.i '.Ktiiu 7/ before rnarri jg?. HbahfLtarr.

Men Ihall be lovers of their own felvei, (jlle at-

cufirs, incpiiintni, fierce. j Tim, \\\. i.

t. ihunning delay ; immediate. This is
a meaning now obfolete.

conutievcf. J

un-

Thr

To w

'he far rtSftundcd noife,
fo loudly did lament;
z^Tnz inet^ntineni. Vali-y Q.

1 me for n hat 1 do lament,
'>ti black jVciw/w/t/. atak.k.W.
'•''- .will return /<7o/////i,vr/. Shjlrfb.

Inco'.s rjr.iNTLY. ad'v. [from i>iccnlwent:\
I. Unchaftcly; without tcfiraini of the ap-
petites.
3. Iinmediatcly ; at or.ce. An ol.folme.
fenfe. j/.//Ar.

The caufc of this war is no other ((.ji, ii.ji ^,
*in Mt incatllKmr/j luhttul uJt(etv:s to ru.r nelih^
•"•"• • . KwtW.

r^er.nti'lenlly t Irfl Midrid. ard have been d<«rd
asd ■«).*«! ihioujh fcveral naiK>t».
, Artulhact and I'cpt.

ItrCOMTROVh'llTtBLE. adj. [,„ ini\ Co„t,„.

•vtrttUe.] Indifputabic; nut to bt dif-
put -d.
I !. CO :t T RO V 1 'f. Tj B I V . ad-u. [from iHcoKiro
vtrlihte.] To a degree beyond toniio-
\erf>- or tiifpute.
The llttrew is Sn^nttn^nlHj ifc, ftimiiive

I N C

and fured text to rely upon ; and to prefene the fanw
uncorrupt, there hath been ufcd the highcfl caittion
humanity could invent, Bronvn^s ^'d^. Err.

Lnconve'.nien'CE. \ tt. /. \iricofrvenient,
I scQii V E .V i'e xcy. J French.]

1. Uiifitnt-fs; inexpedlence.

Thev plead againif the incoriiiemince^ not \.\\z
nnlawfinnefs of popifli apparel ; and againft the /n-
con-vettier.ce, not the unlawtulncfs of ceremonies In
burial. Hooker,

2. Difadvantage ; caufe of uneafinefs; diffi-
culty.

niiere is a place upon the top of monnt Athos
above all cliuds of raiit, or other Innrvexitrce.

•■ ■' '• - R.llligh's Ht/lory.

Man is liable to a great many inconvcKirrtciei every
BJomciit, and is continually unlccurc even of life
itftlf. _ ■ rilhlfon.

The irrotvrnicucea! crlj age makes him incapa-
ble of corporal pleafuris. Dry Jen.

WonKl not quicknets of fenfation be an incnivi'e-

itirmc !o an animal, that mull lie llill where chance

. has onre placed it > Ixikt.

Ci>9tid.er the difproportion lictween the worl^ in-

ecnvcfihn.ici that attend inc. mpIiaiiCC with men,

• and fhectcrnal difplcifure of Ood. Rcgns.

We arc freed from many iKcctn<e7tiif7tees^ and wc
enjoy fevetal advantages. Aiicriury.

, The tilings of another world, beiiij diftant, ope-
rate but lainily upon us: to remedy this irrcomje-
vitnty, we muft frequently revolve their ceriainiy,
and impodance. Aiitrbury.'

I K CO N V i'n I E N T . adj. [inciiiixnieitt, Fr, in ■.

and citi^enimi, Lat. ]
I. Incommodious; difadvantageous.

They lean to their old cultoms, though they be

more utijuH, and more incwijtnifnt for the common

P«"plt. !^fexfer on IrriunJ.

He knows that to be iK<ortv*nie/jif which we

falfely ihmk convenient for us. SmalriJgt.

z. Unfit; inexpedient.

We are not to look thai the church fliould change
her public laws, although it chance that fur fome par-
ticular men the fame be found iHccnvtnUttr^ eipe-
rially when there may be other remedy againit par-
ticular inconveniencei, H'.oktr.

Inconve'nienti.y. adv. [from inconnje-

tiitnt. j
I. Unfitly; incommodioufly.
t. Unfeafonably. Ainjiwth.

Inconvk'r?abi. E. adj. [in and con^trja-
i c] Incommunicative ; ill qualified by
temper for convcrfation ; unfocial.
He is a pcrfon >i<ir-^ htcotrverJabU. More.

Inconve'rhble. adj. \iii and ctn^erlibu.\
Not t ran fin II table; incapalile of chan^'r.
Itcnieieth not the v.;ii.s, but lakeih leave of i!.e
permeani pans, and accompanicili \.\v: ii.convniil'te
portion unto the liege. Smin.

I N C O N V I'.N- 1 1 B I. E . adj. [in and convinalilt. ]
Not to 1)8 convinced; not capable of
conviftion.
Ikconvj'.nciblv. adv. [from i-icon'vir.d-
ble.y Without admitting convidlion.

It is injurious unto ki.owlcdge obftinatcly and
incsiKvintibly to fide with any one. Brotin.

Inco'nv. adj. [perhaps from//; and «■;/;,
to know,]

1. Unlearned; artlcfs. This fenfe is lin-
certain.

2. In .'Scotland it denotes mifchievoufly
unlucky ; z.%, he's an i„tony ftliovv. 'i his
feems to be ihc meaning of Sl.tdcfpeaie.

O' my ttoili, mofl Iwccljclls, moil iuanj vulgar
wit,
When it tcaies fo fmoothly ofF. SLiktffcari .

I.Nto'kl'ORAi . adj. [in and corporal.'] Inj-
m.itcrial ; diftintt from matter; diftinft
from body.
W'i.y doiC ihou bend thiae eye on vacancy,

MilfoH.

or body
in StOf
■ in uny coin-

J N e

And with ih'.i'ncorfxira/ ik do'ft hold Jlfcourfe?
■ Sib.7kr/.

Learned men have not refolved us whether light
be corporal or incoyfioriil : corporal they fay it can-
not be, bccaufe then it would neither pierce the
air, nor folid diaplionous bodies, and yet every day
wc fee the air illijhrcned : !>!ct:rfor.ii it cannot be,
bccaufe fomctimcs it afiideth the light with ofFcntt;.

Haldol .

Incorpora'i.itv. ». /. [incorporalite, i-r.

from incarpo-a/] Immaterialnefs ; di-

ftinflncfs from body.

Inco'kpo8ai.ly. adz: [from ii.corporal.]

Without mntter; immaterially.
Tc INCORPORATE. ^. a. [incorponr,

French.]
1. To mingle different ingredients fo as
they Ihall make r>ne mafs. ■ . . • ,

A tifiecmh part of filvcr, incorporate with gold,
will not he recovered, except yon put a greater quan-
tity t.f Slver lo draw it to the.lcfs. Ba<o!:.

Who the I welling clouds in bladders tics,
To moUily the Itubbbrn clods with rain,
And fcaiici'M dull incorporate .igain ?

... Sandyf,

I. To conjom infeparably, as one bodyt

Villainous thoughts, Rodcrigo, when thefe siu-'

I. ahties (o marllial the way, hard st hand conies'tlj:

mailer and main cxercili?, liie/OTcr/xjrvi/cconclution.

Sl>akeffiare'i Otbf'Ho.

By your leaves, you (hall not (lay alone, ' ':'

'Till holy church inc^rporait two in one. Shalufp,

tipon my knees
I charm you, by that great Vow
Wliicli did incorpomle and make us one.

Death and I
Arc found eternal, and incorporate both.

3. To form into a corporation,
politick. In this fenfe they fay
land, the incorporate trades i
munity.

The a'poflle affirmeth plainly of all men chr7»ian,
that be they Jews or Ccntilcs, bond or free, llie^ arc
all /«i>r/"/r«rei/iqtoOnccompaiiv, tliey all make bj'

'"":^i; . ' . H.ik,r'.

1 he fame is incorporated with a Dujority, and
nameth burgclTes to parliament. Curt-ur.

4. To unite ; to afibciate. '

It is Cafca, one incorporate
To our attempts. .SIj..-ke/p. J,,!!,,: CajUr,

Your moll grave belly was deliberate,
Not rafli, like his accufcrs, and thus anfwer'd ; '^
True is it, my incorporate friends, quoth lie,
Tiiat I receive the general food at lirll,
Wjiicli you do live upon. .Siakr/p. Coriol.mi,!.

The Romans did not fubduc a country to put the
inhabitants to hrc and IVord, but 10 inrorporalttiitm
into iheir own cominunity. AJJijon's Freeh.

;. To work into another mafs.

AM this learning is ignoble and mechanical amotg
them, and the Confutian only ellcntial and incorpu.
ra/<- ui llitir government. Timpie.

6. To cnil)o<ly ; to give a material form.
Couricfy, that fcenied incorpKrat^d in his heart,
would not be perfuadtd by daiigci lo offer any offence.
««. , Sidmy.

The idolaters, who worflrfped their images as
foJs, fuppofcd fome fpirit to be ircorporalej ihtrc.
ill, and fo to make togeihcr with it a pcrfon fit to
receive woilliip. Utillin^Jeet.

•To Inco'rporate. 1: n.

1. To unite with fomethin?' clfe. It i«
commonly followed by luith.

Painters colours and allies do better incorporate
tiulb oil. if.,..

It IS not univerfally true, that acid faltiand oils
will not incorporate or mii.glc.

Thy foul
In real darknelsofihebodv dwells.
Shut oirt from outward hfhl,
'1' incorporate ?fWi gloomy night.

2. Sometimes it has into.

It hnds the mind unprepolfcifcd with any former
notions, and fo cafily gains upon the alleni, grows up
with it, and incorpoiatci into it. it*;*.

6 M i iNCo'RPORAfi..

Boyle,

Mihci

I N C

luco'iTOHATt.aJf. [t'mnd earporate.J Im.
nwterial; anbodied. This is now drfufed
to avoid confiifion, jvci'-firittf bemg ra-
ther ufed of things mingled.

Mofei forebore to fpeik of aogclt, and thinp in-
v'lGbU ind immpM^tie. RMgh.

Incorpora'tios. n./. {^incorporation, it.
from incorporate.']

1. Union of divers ingredients in one mafs.

Make proof of the ixcarforjtim of iron with
flint ; for if it cm be incorporated without o«ei great
chaife, the cheapncfs ol the flint doth make the
compound ftuflF profitable. Bacon.

This, with fome little additional, mav fiirther the
intrinfick incorftration. Bjon's Naural Hiji.

z. Formation of a body politick.
3. Adoption; union; affociation; with
iitto.

In him we aflually are, by our aflual ineorpora-
lim MM that fociety which hath him for tlieir head.

H<ioker,

Incorpo'real. adj. [incorporalis, Lat. ;'»-
corporel, Fr. in and corpareal.] Immaterial ;

unbodied.

It is a virtue which may be called incorpertal and
immateriate. Whereof there be in nature bat few.

Bacon.

Thai iienrfortai ffh^ to fmalleft forms
ReducM their (liapei immenfe. Milton.

Senfe mi pei«ptiori mart neceRarily proceed trom
fome incorporeal fubftance within us. Bcmlry.

Imcobpo'really. ad^J. [itom incorporeal.]
Immaterially; without body.

Hearing ftrikcth the fpirits more immediately

than the other fenfcs, and more iiworpni'ttUy tfian

the fmdiing. bacon.

•InCORPORe'itY. »./. [l« and corporeilj.]

Immateriaiity ; diftinClnefs from Ixidy.
5o'Inco'rp5e. 1/. a. \i)t ic\Acorpfe.] To
incorporate;, to unrte into one body,
^ot ufed.

He grewuntohis feat,.
As tie had been Incorps'd and demy-naturM
With the kravc horfe. Shakrfftan' 1 Hftnlei.

Ikcorre'ct. a(^. [in and correct.] Not
nicely finilhed; not exaft;. inaccurate;
full of fan Iti.

The piece you think is iucontB.: why t.ikeit;.
Via all fubmiirioii ; what you'd have it, make it.

Papf.

IhCORRe'ctlv. (K/f. [itotaiHnrreclS] In-
accnratcty; not exa(;>ly.

iNCORHt'cTNESs. »./. [r». and arreSne/s.]
Inaccuracy; want of exixflncfs.

InCo'rRICIBLi;. adj. [incorrigible, l^I, in
and corrigible.]

I , Bad beyond correftion ; depraved beyond
amendment by any means ; erroneous be-
yond hope of Inlhuftion : of perfons.

Provok'd by thofe incorrigluU fools,
! left declaiming in pedantick fchooU. Urydtn.

Whilll we are inccrrigihit, CoJ may in ven-
geance continue to chaftifc us with the jujgr-ient of
war. i'liiulrijge.

The mod violent party-men are fuch as have dif-
eoTtred leaft fenfe of'religion 01 morality j and when
fuch are bid afiJe, as ftial! be four.d incorrigible, it
winbeoodJfficulry 10 reconcile the reft. Sivifi.

3. Not capable of amendment : of things.

The lofs is many times irrecoverable, and the in-
convenience in.:errigiiti. Mcte's Divine Dialeg^.
What are their thoughts of things, bur variety of
incorrigltle tiroi } h'Ejirange.

iNCo'RklClBLEfJ-ESS. «. f.. [from incorri-
giiie] Hopelefs depravity ; bjidnefs be-
yond all means of amendment.

What we call penitence becomes a fad attertation
»x aar incorrigiiitmp. Decay of fleiji.

I- would no: have chiding ufed, much Icfs blows,
'tin ohltlBacy aud inetrrigiilen.-fs auite it abfolntely
■fceCity, i-oc'it.

!ii c

I N C"

Inco'hRICIJILY. aJv. [from inearrigiile.]

To a degree of defiraviiy beyond all

ineano of amendment.
Some men appear incorrigibiy imi.

They cleatilinefs and company rcnoani;C. "Rojenm.
Incorrv'pt. 7 adj. [in and corrupius,
iNCORRu'PTtD. j Latin; incorrem^u,

French.]

1. Free from fonlnefs or depravation.

Sin, that firft
Diftemper'd all things, and, of incorrupt^
Corrupted. Millon'i Paradlft Z.3/f.

2. Pure of manners ; honeft; good. . It is
particularly applied to a man above the
power of bribes.

I.vcoRRurTiBl'LtTT. ». f. [irKorruptili-

lite, Fr. from incorruptible.] Infufcepti-

bility of corruption ; incapacity of decay.

Fbilo, in his book of the world's incorruptiti-

lity, alledgeth the vetfesof a Greek tr.-i2ick poet.

Hake-will.
Incorru'ptible. adj. [incorruptible, Fr. in
and cormptihh.] hlot capable of corrup-
tion ; not admitting of decay.

In (iich abundance lies our choice.

As leaves a great Itore of fruit untouch'd.

Still hanging incorrupiiiU. Milion'i Par. VJl.

Our bodies (hall be changed into incorruptible ar.d

immortal I'ubllances, our fouls be enteruincd wiih

the moil ravilhinj objcas, and both continue happy

throughout all eternity. H'ake.

Incok Ru'pTiON. n.f. [incomiptiofi, Fr. ;//

and corruption.] Incajxicity of corruption.

So alfo is the refurreftion of the dead: it is fown

in corruption, it is raifed in incorrnption. I Cor.

iNCORRu'r TNESS. n.f. [in zvidi Corrupt.]

1. Purity of manners; honefty ; integrity.

Probity of mind, integrity, and incorrupintfi of

manners, ii prcfesable to fine parts and liibtile fpecu-

lations. i-yoodivard.

z. Freedom from decay or degeneration.
ToIncra'ssate. OJ.o. [inznilcrajfus, Lat.]
To tliicken; the contrary to attenuate.

If the cork be too light to fink under the furface,
the body ot water may be attenuated with Ipiritsot
wine ; if too heavy, it may be inciajfnied with fait.
Blov.;n'x l^i/lgar Errourt.
Acids 4iflblve 01 attenuate, alealics precipitate or
IneraffaU. Ncivr.n's Oprich.

Acids, fuch as are auftere, as unripe fruits, pro-
duce too gieat a ftridure ot the fibres, Incr.TffMr
and coagulate the fluids j from whence pains and
rhcumalifm. Arbulhno:.

iNfRASSA'riON.Tj./. [from incrajfa:e.'\

1. The aft of thickening.

2. 'J"he flate of growing thick.

Nothing doih conglaciate but water; for the de-
termination of quickfllver i.s fixation, that of inllk
coagulation, and that of oil ircrajf.ititin. Brnvn.
iNCR'ASSA-riVK. t!. /. [from incrafate.]
Having the quality of thickening.

i:he tv»o latter indicate redringcnts to (launch,
and mcraffati-vci to thicken the blood, Hurwy.
To Incrf.'ask. 1'. n. [in and crefco, Latfn.]
1. To grow more in number, or greater in
bulk ; to advance in quantity or value,
or in any quality capable of being more
oriels.

Hear and obferve to do it, that it may be well with
thee, and that je may incre.ife mightily.

Dent. vl. 3.

Profane and vain babbling will /«i-n.^unto un-

godlinels. i "//«• ii- i6.

From fifty toihreefco?« he lofes not much in fancy;

and ;udgmeiit, the cftett of okfervation, ftill increaf, s.

Drydcn,
I Henry, in knots, involv'd his Emma's name
Upon this tree ;, and, asthe tender mark,.
Crew with the year, and widen 'd with the bark :
Venus had heard the viigin's foft addrefs,
That as the wound .the paaio:! might iwr/<i/r, trior,

' s

2, To he fertile. : f

Hiihes are more numerous or inc't,ftig ihanbealW
or birds, as appears by theirnumerous fpawn. Hate,

To Incri'ase. f. a. [See £«cREAi£.]
To make more or greater.

Hye tlice fsom this (laughter-houfe.
Left [hou inereafe the number of the dead. Stairfp.
He hath incrcajcjia Judah mourning and lameii-
tatian. Sam.

I viWMnereafnht famint. Sxei^y, 16.

I willimrr.'y< them with men like a flock.

£i.ei xyKvi.
It icmt to inereafe tkat tseafure, or to prelerve it.

'fenfJe.

Incre'ase. »./ [from tlie verb.]

1. Augmentation; the ftate of growing
more or greater.

For three years he liv'd with large Incre^rft
In arms of honour, and efteem in peace. OryJen,

Hail, bards triumphant 1 born ui happier days.
Whole honours with incieaft of ages grow.
As ftreams roll down, enlarging as they flow. Pope.

2. Increment; that which k added to the
original ftock.

Take thou no ufury of him n»r Inereafe. tevit.

3. Produce.

The increafr of t^e ihrelhing-floor, «r»d the in~
frfrt/^ of the wine-pref*. Ntem6.

As Hefiod lings fpread waters o'er thy field,
Anda mo!ijurt and glad i'lcreafe 'twiU yield. Derh,

Thofe grains which grew produced an inereafe be-
yond expedation. Moriimer'i Htifbaadrj,

4. Generation.

Into her womb convey ftcrility ;
Dry up in her the organs oi inereafe,
.'^nd from her derogate body never fpri.^g
A Babe. Sbaktfp.

5. Progeny.

All the j>irn'd/cofthyhaufc (ball die in the flower
of their age. Samuel.

Him young Thoifa bore, the bright inereafe
Of Phorcyt. Pope'i OJyfcy.

6. The ftate of waxing, or growing full
orbed. Ufcd of the moon.

Seeds, hair, nails, hedges and herbs wll glow
foonelf , if let or cut in the inereafe of the moon.

Bacon I Natural fVflary,

Incre'aser. n.f. [from inereafe.] He

who increafes.
Increa'ted. /?<»/. Not created..

Since the dcfire is infinite, nothing but the abfo-
lute and increaled Infinite can adequately fill it.

Cheyne.

TnCREDIBi'i.ITY. ». /. [incredibilitiiYt.]
The quality of furpafling belief.

For obje^s of ineredilnliiy, none arc fo removed
from ait appearance of tiuth as thofe of Corncille's
Andromeda. Dryden.

iNCRt'uiBLE. cdj. [rncredihiliSfXAl.] Sur-

pafliivg belief ; not to be credited.
The lliip Argo, that there might want, no /wc/r-

dible thing in this fable, fpoke 10 them, Raleigh,
Prcfenting things impoflible to view,

They wander through incredible to true. Cran-i'ille.
lNt;RE'DlBLENESi. n. /. [ttom incredible.]

Quality of being not credible.
Lv c R e'd I B 1. Y . aJt: [from incredible.] In

a manner not to be believed.
Incredu'lity. n. f..[ir.credulitc , French.]

Quality of not believing; hardnefs of

belief..
He was more large in the dcfcripliors of Pandllc,

to take aw«y ill fctuplc fromthe incredultiy oi fuUtic .

ages. Rettiigb,

lNCRB'DiJL0t.'S. adj..[incrcdule, French ; in-
creaiiliis, Latin,] liard of belief; re-
fufing credit.

1 am not altogether inereJulnes bul'there maybe

fuch candles as arc made of falamander's wool, being

a kind of mineral which wjiiteoeth io tlie burning,

and cottfumcih not. Bac^n.

Lncre'dvlousness.

I N C

I N C

INC

tulettii, keciufe we are too apt to forget U.

Amr^>try.

'HoTTi^r TOnriniiiitly /ffra'/nr?*'j "morairty and piety

to the Gods. Bntvn's NnU: rs Pafe's Otiyjry.

Inculca'tiow. w. /. [from inculcate.}

The aft of imprefling by frequent admo-

•J«c^E>ME.N-T. n: r. [«r«;«.«/»«. Latin.] L ""?" = admonitory repetition.
.. jiii.^i :_~'»™.-, flNCULT. adj. [inailtf, trench; tncultus.

Iwcft s'rr LOtiSNiss. n. /, [itom iacrtju-
■/««.] Hardnefs of belief ; incredulity.

IwcREMABte. ndj. [r« and rff»»c, Latin.]
Not confumaWe by fire.

It from the ikln of th» falamarder tiiefc ittrrt-
maiJt- pieces are compofed. Btcmi'i t^ulgar Errcjiri

Aft of growing greater,
Diners conceptiaiij arc concerning the Nile's iw-
■ cremeritf or inundation. BrtntfyTi f^u/^ar Errours.
2. Iftcnjafe ; matter added.

'i'hij flratum i! cipaadcd at top, ferving as the
^minary that furnifbeth matter for die formation
and ixcrimtni of animal aod vegetable bsdic!.

■3. Produce.

The orchard lor« to wave

With Winter winds : the loofen'd roots now drink
* Laree ivz'tmer.t^ eameft of happy yean. Phiiii^s.
To 1'ncrepate. v. a. [iticrffo, Latin.]

To chide ; to reprehend.
Increpa'tjok. «. /. [increpali». Lathi.]

Reprehenfion ; chiding.

Tlic adn:;oni:ions« fraternal or paternal, of his
feltow Chriftians, or of the governors of the chuah,
then more publiclc rcprchenlions and incremations.

Hammond.

'Ji Ikchu'st. > V. a. {inenifif, Latin;

7e Inchu'state. 5 inrrijier, Fr.] To

cover with an additional coat adhering to

the internal matter.

The finer part of ihe wood will be lumtd info air,
.And the grof&r iliclc baked and inctufiatt upon the
kdesof thcvelfel. Bacon.

Sime rivers bring forth fpars, and other mineral
natter, (b as 10 cover and incruji the ftonet.

Wcod'Ward.

Save "but our army ; anj let Jove hcruft
Swords, piltes, and guus, with cverlalling ruft.

Popt.

Any of ibefe fun-like bodies in the centers of the
feveral von ices, are fo incruftated and weaked a
to be carried about in the vortex of the (lue fun.

Cheynt.

The (fcield was porchafed by Woodward, wh(^.».
cri^id it » ith a new rul\. Arbutbnol and toft,

Incrusta'tiok. n. f. [incrujialion, Fr.
from incriijio, latin J An adherent co-
vering; fomeihing Aiperinduced.

Having fuch a prodigious (lock of marble, their
chapels are laid over with fuch a rich variety of /«-
crujtaliaiu as cannot be (Mind in any other part.

Add'.Jonon Italy.

To I'ncubate. ro. n. [i/reuii. Latin.] 'i o

fit upon eggs.
Iucwba'tiom. n. /. [incubation, French;

incubnth, Lat.] The ad of fitting upoij

eggs to hatch them.

"Whether that vilalicy was by Intutalian, or how
enc, IS on'y known to Cod. Raltigh

Birds have eggs erough at firil conceived in them
to fetve them, allowing fuch a proportion for every
year as w ill feive for o< c or two iniuialions. Hay

When the whole tribe of birds hy incubation pio.!
duce their young, it is a wonderful deviation, that
fome few fam.lies (houW do it in a more novercal

"'i- V u- ^ 0.rham.

As the white of an egg by incubation, fo can the
Serum by the aflion of the fibres be attenuated.
,1 Arhuthnot.

I'ncw.us «./ [Utln; Mi:;,^,, French.]

Ine nightmare.

1 he intakui r. an inflation of the membranes of

me l>omac^ which hinders the motion of the dia-

phragma, lungs, and pulfe, with a fealeofa »ri"ht

eppferting the brcalt. f,"

•r. INCU'LCATE. „. a. [incuUo, Latfn ;'

UKulquer, Fr^-nth.] To imprefs by frc-'

auent admonitions; to enforce by con-

lant repetition.

M*ai«ft uutb Buy dcfem Ibmeiimes (e be in.

Latin.] Uncultivated; untilled

■Her foreiU huge,
tncutt, rob-alt and tall, by Nature's hand
Planted of old. Tisjmjm't Autumn.

Ikcu'lpa'bl?. adj. {in and culpabilis,
Latin.] Unblameable; not reprehenfible.

Jgaorance, fo tar as it ra-iy be cefolved into na-
tural inability, is as to Rie:i, atleart incmfmbic, and
confcijueiitly not the object oiicjaic:, but pity.

South.

Lvcu'lpably. adv. [in and culf,abiUi,

Latin] Unblamcably; without blame.

As to errors or infirmities, the frailty of man's

' condition has invincibly, and therefore /ircW^aAA',

eipofed him. Houlh.

IjjCu'mBENCT. n.f. [{torn r'lcumitn.J

1. The aft of lying upon another.

2. The (late of keeping a benefice.

Thefc fines are only to be paid to the bilhop, during
his incumbency in the fame fee. S'u.ijf

IN'CUMBEMT. ad/, [incumhem. Latin.]'
I. Reftingupon; lying upon.

Then with eapandcd wings he ftcers his flight
Alofr, incumieM on the dulky air,
That fclt unufual weight. MUtm't Paradi/t l/i/l.

The afcending parcels o» air, having now little
mote than the weight of the incumhmt water to
furmoiint, were able both fo to expand themfelves as
to till up that part of the pipe which they pervaded,
and by prcding every way againlt the lides of it, ,to
lift upwards with them what waai they found above
them. Boylt.

With wings expanded wide ourfelvej we'll rear.
And fly incumbent on the dulky air. Drjden.

Here the rebel giants lye ;
And, when to move ih' incumbent load they try,
Afcending vapours on the day prevail. Addijm.

Man is the deilin'd prey
Of peftilencc, and o'er his guilty domes
She draws a dofe incumbent cloud at death.

Thonifott.

•.. impofed as a duty.

All men, tnily zealous, will perform thofe good
works that are incumbent on ail Cliriftiaiis.

, Sfratt'iSermoni.

There is a double duty incumienl upon us in the
exercife of our powers. L'EJlrange.

'I'hus, if we think and afl, we Ihall (hew our-
felves duly mindful not only of the advantages we
receive from thence, but of the obligations alio
which are incumbent upon us. Aiierbury.

Inco'mbejjt. «,/. \i„cum'vens, Latin.] He
who is in prefent poflcffion of a benefice.

In many places the whole ecclefiaftical dues are
in lay hands, and the incumbent lieih at the mercv
of hi. patron. n^^.^j-;

To Incu mber. 'V. a. [tncombrer, French.]
To embarrafs. See Enc u mber.

My caufe Is call'd, and that long look'd for day
Is ftill incumber'd with fome newdelav. Drydeti
7a INCU'R "J. a. [incurro, Latin.]
I . To become liable to a punilhment or re-
prehenfion.

, I have incurred difpleafure from inferiors for
•^ giving way to rh« faults of othei s. Hayuurd.

'1 hey, not obeying,
Ineurt'd, what could they lefs .> the penalty ;
And manifold io fin, dcfrrv'd to fall. MUton.

So judge thou rtill, prefumptuous ! 'till the wralhj
Whicn ihoii imturr-Jt by flyi„,, meet thy flight
, Sev'ntoW, and fcourge that wiidom back to hell.

—1. , . , Mil-cn.

They had a full perfuafwe that not to do it were

10 defen God, and confeciuentlj to incur aajnnaiion.

South.

to prefs on the fenfes : with

. To occur ;
to or intit.

The motions of the minute parts of bodies arc ir.-
vifible, and incur not to the eye ; but yet they are to
be dcprehended by experience. Bacon.

The mind of man, even in fpirituals, afts witii
corporeal dcpendance ; and fo is he helped or hin.
dereJ in its operations according to the different
quality of external objeils that incur into the fenles.,

.S<ii»f4^
.rwcuRABi'LiTT. n. f. \incuraliliie, Fr.
horn incumblf.'\ Impoffibility of cure;
utter infufceptibility of remedy.

We'll inHantly open a door to the manner of a
proper and improper conlumption, together with the
reafon of the fncur,tbility of the former, and facile
Cure of the other. Harvey,

Insurable, adj. \_!ncierab!e, Fr. in and
curable.'] Not admitting remedy; not to
be removed by medicine ; irtemediable ;
hopelefs.

Paufe not; for the prefent time's fo fick.
That prefent medicine mud be minifired.
Or overthrow incurable enfues. Sbakeffcart,

Slop the rage-betime.
Before the wound d<. grow incurable ;
For being green, ihere is great hope of help.

Sbakcfprart,

Afcfahrus i« not abfolutely incurablt, becaufe it

has been koowu llMt fitih palliire has cured it in

cittle. Jirbuthtit.

If idiots and lunatick»cannot be found, incurables

may be taken into the hufpital. Sauift.

Incu'rableness. n. J. [from incurable.\

State of not admitting any cure,
lNcu'RABt,Y.fl</v. [from ///faraiit,] With-
out remedy.

We cannot know it ittff ie ndt, hetttflHcaraf/y
ignorant. Loelke.

Ik cv'kiov3. ad;, [in -And 4iirioiu. I Negli-
gent ; inattentive.

The Creator did not beftow fo' much fltiU upon-
his creatures, to be tasked upon with a caielefs ix-
xuri-jui tye. i},-rbam.

He feldom. at the Park appear'd ;
Yet, not incuricuit was indin'd
1 o know the converfe of mankind. Sauifi,

iNcu'asioK. ». /. [from incurn, Latin.]
i. Attack; mifchievous occurrence.

Sins of iiily i«rj/r/fo», and fuck a« human frailty
is unavoidably liable to. South.

2. {htcurjim, French.] Invafion without
conqueft ; inroad ; ravage.

.Spain is very weak at home, or very (low to move,
when Ihey luft'ercd a finall ftcet of KnglUh to make
an hoftile invaliun or incuijion, upon their havens
and ro.ads. h.ic7n.

Now the Parthian king hath garlicr'd all his hoft
Agaiml lilt Scythian, whofc incurjiuu wiU
Have waftedSogdiana Milton,.

The incurjioni of the Goth»dUbrdercd the aiT.iifs
of the Roman empire, Aibuiinot en Coins.

Incvjrva'tjon, r.v /. [from incur'vo,
Latin.]

1. The aft of bending or making crooked.

2. State of being bent; curvity; craoked-
neft.

One part moving while the other reft?, one would
think, fhould caufe an incurvation in the line.

Glunville,

3. Flexion of the body in token of reve-
rence.

He made ufe of aflsof worlhip which Cod hath
appropriated ; as incmvatuM, and lacrifice.

StilliufJheK
7<»Incu'rvate. -v. a, [incur-vo, Lwm.j
To bend ; to crook. 1

Sir Ifaac Newton has (hewn, by feveral experi-
ments of ra) J palling hy the cdjtis of bodus, that they
aie incuiTMid by the aftiou of tliclc bodies.

Cieyne.

iKCu'KViTy, n./. [from imurvus, Latin.]

Crookcdnefs-.

I N D

Cfookednefsj the ftatc of bending la-
Hvard.

The ineuTv'itj of a dolphin muft be tafcen not
tilly, but in appearance, when lliey fcap above water,
ani fuddenly (hoot down ai;ain :' ftrait bodies, in a
liiJden motion, protruded obliijueljr downward, a^-
j)car crooked. - Brcwft.

To I'NDAGATE. f. a. [inihgo, Latin.J

To fearch ; to beat oat.
Indaca'tiov. ». /. [from hiJagatf.^

Search; enquirj- ; «ximination.

L'l^rafcirus dircds lu, in the inja^alion of coloMrs,

to have an eye .jarincip^illy upoQ falts, , , Bylr.

Pan hitli been difcflvercd by Itiinftlfl: and ftnie by

' h^min hi Jaganc/!* '■ " Btorwn'iVulgji' Eitourx.

Ij^DaGa'tur. »./. \_t»Jagator, Latin.] A

..fcardier; an enquirer; an examiner.

ij.,T|iit nas^bcr of the cltm^-nts of bodies teijuirej to

, Ve.fijiwcbcil into by fucli ik'ilhjl UJjg^tirs ol nature.

' ■, ' Boyte.

7»Ikda'rt. 1.: a. pa ■ani Jari.'] To dart

in ; to ftrike in.

I'il 16bk to like, if looking liking move j
But^iio more dc^p wiU 1 hJjtr hiinc'eye,
■ Than'youf confsnt gives Ibenjth to make it fly.

Shakrffeait.

To Inde'bt.,i;. a. .
i> To put into debt,
z. To oblige; to put under obligation.

Ti>rgiA'c us our tins, for we-foi^ive ev^r^y one that
is iin/eiieJ to us. Luir, xi. 4.

He for himfelf
JuJrhliJ ini undone, has nought to bring. Miltm.

\ ' .. ■ . Tliis blell alliance may
Th' JWi-^(^(/n.itian bountcouUy repay. ; (iramiHU.
li^Tit.''Bi (.py^articip:al adj. [;« and debt.\
Obliged by fomcthing received ; bound
to rcttitution ; having incurred a debt. It
has /!3 before the perfon to whom the
debt isjduc, and for before the thing re-
ceived.

If the courfe of politick alTairs cannot in any good
"Courfc go •'forward without lit inftruments, and that
which iiltcrih them be then" virtues, let polity ac-
knowledge itfclfiWc-^/r^/ /^-religion; godliuefs being
t}ie ciiicfclt top and- welUfpring of all true virtues,
-even as Gjd is of «n things. thoker,

Ifew coafider how mucl) \te are indebted to go.
vernmeiu, becaufc tew can rcprefent how wreiclied
mankind would be without it. Aiterbury.

Let us repiefcnt to our fouls the love and bcncti-
cence_/li- which we daily-ftand rVx/ci/t'rf to Cod.

" ' "' ■ • ■■ Hogtrr.

We are \vholly-i«rfei/e«/yi»- lhct» '0 our aiifellnTs.

Svi/'t.

InBe'cBNCV, tr. /. [iniiecetKe, French.]
'.Any (hing nnbecortiing ; any thing con-
trary to good manners; fomething wrong,
but fcarce criminal.

He will in vain endeavour to retbrm indecency in

his pupil, which he itUows in himfelf I^ocu.

IvBe'cEfiT. adj. \_iudeceftt, French; i« and

iiecent.] Unbecoming; urrfit for the eyes

or ears.

Chaia<^ers, where obtccne words were proper in
their mouths, but .very, indecent to be heard.

Drydeu.

'Till theft men can prove thefe things, ordered by

our church, to be cither iutrinlic-illy unlawful or in-

ttcritt, the ufc of ihcm, as cliabliflied amongti us, \i

necclTary. Souib.

Indi;'c tNTl.Y.'rt.At'. [from /Wfiv///.] With-

,041 decency ; in a mur.ncr contrary to

' decency,

Inoaci'uuoL's. (7..V. [/// and deciduous.]

i\(i« tailing; not llicd. ufcd of trees

tluit do not Ihcd tlicir letives in winter.

We find the ftitiie ot the fun framed with rays
about riic (,..-aJ, which were the indecijutus mid un- j
fiialcen locks 01 Apollo. /<;o«vr. j

J .71) k. c J. J ' .N A B 1. 1 . r/<^'. \inieclinable, Fren (, li ; I

intJircliriahilii, Latin.] Not .vari^. by ger-
minations. " ■■''

Pondo is an indeclirT.thle word> and when -it is

joined to nurol^crs it liguitics li6ia. Afbutbnoi.

Indeco'rov^. adj. [i/id(coriu, Lapn.^ In-

, decent; unbecoming. ,, . 1

What can be more inJccmoui than for a crcalui '

to. violate the comm.inds, and trample upon thi

authority, of that awful Exceiloiice to whom he owi-.

hislile? . Nonii.

Indeco'rum. tr. /. [Latin.J In-Jccency ;

fomething unbecoming.
The foft adJrefs, the cartigated grace,

Arc indednievii in ihe Mtxl^ii maid. Tc-utig.

Inde'ed. ad-v. [in ind deed,] [

1. In reality; in trtith; in verity.

Yet loving, IndefJ, md thereforcconftanf; Si.lrej.

'I'haugh luch alfemblies he had indeed for reli-

"gion*i fake, hurtful. iieverthclefs they may prove, as

well in ref;ard of their fitncfs to ferve the turn oi

hereticks and I'uch a :v privily mill TCnture.tnijillil

' their [loifon into new minds. H^Kk^r.

Some, who have not deferved judgment of deaih,
have been for their good's fake c.iiighi up and car-
ried Urair to the bough: a thing indeed very pitiful
andhoiTible. Spenjer.

2. Above tommon rate. ■ ITiis ufe is cm-
pliatical. ' ''_

Then didit thou utter, J aai youi's forever:
*Tis grace indeed- ' Hhjkefpeare.

Bormwiin mean aflfairs, his fubjefls pains ;
But things of weight and confequence ///(^cfi/,
Himfelf doth in ins chamber them debate. D.fuics.

Such fons of Abraham, how highly foever they
may have the luck to be ihouglit of, arc far from
being Ifraelites indeed. Soutii.

I were a bealf , indeed, to do you wrong,
I who iiavc lovM and honour'd you fo long. Dryden.

3. This i.s to be granted that. A particle of
connection.

This limitalion; indeed, of our author will favc
tliofe the labour who would look for .-Vdam*s Iicir
amongft the race of brutes^ but will very little con-
tribute to the *Jifcovtry of onCi next heir amongft
men. Luke.

' Some fons indeed. Tome very few we fee.
Who keep ihcmfclves from this infcflion free.

I Dryden.

There is nothing in the w-orld more generally
dreaded, and yet Icfs to be feared, than death ; i*i-
deed, "lor thofe unhappy men whofe hopes terminate
in this life, no wonder it the prolpecl of another
feenis terrible and amazing. IVake.

4. Tt is iifed fometimes as a flight aflTcr-
tion or recapitulation in- a fcnfc hardly
(lerceplible or explicable, and ihougii
foiiie degree of "obfcure power is perceived,
might, ercn where it is properly enough
inferred, be omitted without mi'!>.

1 f.iid I, tiio'.iglit it was coritetltricy .h:Iwccn the
jugjilcr and the '.^^o fervants , llio' indeed 1 had no
rcalon ^o to think. Raenn.

There is indeed no great pleafure in viliting thefe
magaxinesjof war, after one bjt fecu (wo or three of
tliem. AddifoK.

5. It is ufed to note conceffion in compari-
foiis.

Againft thefe forces were prepared to the number
of near one hundred I) ipsi not fo great ot bulk in-
deed, but of a more nimble motion. Hete^n.
Ind tF a'tigable. adj. SJndefatigahilis, in
and drftitigo, Latin.] Gnwearied; net
tired ; not exhauftcd by labour.
\V ho lliall fpre.id his airy tlight,
UpbouK with inde/Mig.thU wings,
Over the vaft abrupt ? Milton.
'Iht ambitious perfon mutt rife early and fit up
iatr, and purfue his delign with .1 cotiiiaiit inJi-
f.iti^ubU attctidancc : he mult be inhnitely patient
and Itrvile. Si,M!b, j
iNDEFA'riGABLY. adv. [from indefatiga-
ble, j M'ithoot wearinefs.
A mail indefaiiguiiy icatous in (he fcrvice of

the church and flate, and whtSr: writings have highly
defenred of boi'hr > .-.^ ■. - .- ■':•.■■ 'O'ydewT^

[NDEeECTiBi'i-iTr. n.f. [from indefcili-
ik ] The quality of fuflTcring no dccay-j
ofbeingfubjeft. to no defect, u' i : '.'

[ndbfe'ctible. m/j. [in and -dtfeSus,
Latin.] Unfailing; not liable tot deJiett
or decay.- ' • ' ■< .-• t -

iNDtrt'isisi.E. rti^". [hidefnifihh, French.]-
Not to be ci;t off; nor to b; v.-^mrcd r
irrevocable.

So irdefiij.,

if wcdo not 1:11 11 1.,

invcftcd, be bi:yoii4 i'
, ■ .. . •' '■',- J ' " >■

I N D E F E N s I B I. )■: . adj. [;> and difetijui, Xfll. ].

What cannot., lie dvifended. cjr, main-'

tained. • . . •: , •

As thay extend the rule of confultinj Scriptitrefo
all the a-fiipnt -ot.commou life, .even \o far as to the.
takingup of a ftraw, foit is allogeilier lalfc or ;W.--
fcnjiiie. Sandei/,1!. ■

INDE'i'I.NrTE. adj. {inic/lmtus, Lat. iuJc-'
fill, Fr ] ■ ■ .

. Kot determined ; not limited ; not fet-
tled. ... ■;

'I'hough a polition fliouM be wholly rejefted, yet
that negative is more pregnant ol dire£liou than an
indefinite \ as aOies are mqie i;<;acrative than dull.

H.icon*i Ejjayi.'

Her advancement was left ir.dejinite ; but thus,
that it (hould be asgieat a* cvVr any former ijueeo of
England had. I}ae<,s.

Tragedy and picture are more namosvly circum-
ftribed by place and time tlun the epick poem :iUc
time oi this lall is left indefinite. Dryden.

2. Large beyond the comprehenfion ai
man, though not abfolutely without li-
mits. . , ,

Though it is not infinite, it rniy be indrjinite;
though it IS not bounjitli in itlislr, it may bd -fo t»
Iiuman comprcheulion. ^f>£^uior.

iNnE'UNl-lEI.Y. eidv, [ftom%dif/nie.] .1

1 . Without any fettled or determinate limi-
tation.

Wc obfcne that cuflom, wh.ereunto St. PaiJl
illudeth, and whereof the lathers of thcchuich in
their writings make olteii mention, to thew inde-
finiteiy what was done ; but not univerfally lo bind
lorevcr all prayers unto one only falhion of utterance.

We conceive no more than the letter beareth; that
is, four limes, ot i«drjir:irely more than thrice. '

Biou-t,
A duty to which all are -/wi/e/fwrVi-/)' obliged, upon
fome occafions, by the exprcfs command of God.

' - .' ' . ' '■ • ^'nuinds'. '.

2. To a degree indefinite.

If the word be indefi/:i:eiy cxtendctl, that i?, .fo

far as no human inulkil can fancy any .bounds of

it, M^en they f!i what mull be the leall parr. R.ij.

I.NDL ri'lsTfUDK. 11. f. [froill indeflntc^\

Quantity not limited by our underlland-
ing, though }et finite.

They arife to a llraiij:e and prodigious multitude,
if not inJrfinitude, by their various fiofitions, ee>nl'
biiiations aiidconjunilions. ^ ' //o/^.

IsD tH'fliiRArE. J adj. [indrlibere, ,¥t.
I jj B E 1. 1 'u E R A T £ D . J »« and de/tbciafe.}
Unpremeditated; done without confi-
deratioD., . ■ 1 -'

Aclions proceeding from bbndinmneiits, orfwtet
perfua(ion:>> if they be indeiibtruted, as in children
wh-a want luc ul< ol rcafuii, are ot prefciitly free
anions. Brjmii,ait.

The love cf Cad better can conlill with the/«.ir/i-
bee.ire conimilhuns of many fins, than with an ai-
lo.ved [icitillancc in anjo.iC. Guv. cftbe T(j»euf. "
Inde'libi.e. adj. [iiidi lebile , Fr. i)idelt:bi.'ts ,
Lat. ill xnAdttibW, JU ihuuld be written
iridcUbU.]

1. Kot

I

''iND

f. !jT6t to t)e 'plotted out or eSiced, ,

; \Vilful perpiirinon of unworthy a-i\iofis h;»ndi
with inJrlibU charattws the aame and •■n^i'tW/J'-

' ' Tfiy heeji^rs n«vt ivUI drink th;
'_,AfKlfpot;»j'.W/<' thy pdcllet foil. " :■'■

2. Nt)t toise; aimuiled. ,., j

Thry we cnJiteil v.ith irJ/liiUfOWCtiJvri ab^ivc

to fcsd, lo 'ovcrn ihii hjuftholiJ, and to confcctatc

faliois and fewardj of it lo the world's c^iJ. Stiruii.

iNQE'LiCACr. V. J. [it and delica.y.]

Want of delicacy ; want of elegnnt de-

' cency. . ■■ ' • • •

Your papers. wouM te chargrabk with woif'-'
■ ■ thm* iitdcHcacw tl.ey would be immoral, did you
.' Ittar dciedablj unclcarniefeas you «Uy 4:1; imperii.

■ MiH fe'.t-lore. -, Aidrf,.!!.
Inoe'i.icate. o(//. [///and Jehatr.] Wapt-

ing decency ; void of a quick fcnfe ot

decency.
I»D EMNiTic a'^tiost. ?r.y: [ffom iHdemnifj.^
I . Sceurjty againll lofs or penalty.

1. Keimburfeiiient of loA or penalty.

To Iniie'.VNIFy. it. a. r//.' and ddmnifj.^.
T. To ftcure againft lofs or penalty.

2. To maintain unhurt. '

Infclciii liginfiti rudt ssj hauglity, inimmfy to

Ucpfafe. . , "^■•""•

iNPii'MNiTV. ». y^ ^ivikmm'ti, French.]

Security from puniftiment; exemption

» from pHnifVinftent. • '-•' " • •

I w.il ufe all muM, in the T-ay* o( •mrigftr
and iTifrmniiy, *hii.h may nkili fully remoip all
fears, aiid bury jll /ejloufitj in IprgetfuIneU.^

la INDE'NTi rvc^. [.» «»d <j'r«/. a tooth,
I^tin.] To niark any thing with ine-

■ qualities like 3 rotv of teeth ; to cut in
and out ; to (n;ikc to wave or uodulate.

About lri« lieck '
A peen and filded (nake had wrealh'd itfetf,
tvho with her head, iiirable in threats, ipproadl'i
The opening of hn tnouch ; but fuddeniv, ,

Seeiiig Orlando, il unltnlc'd itfcif,
Aivi with IxJinlrJ i^iia did ftipav r.
Into » bull). abaiiff A! y>u t'lk: il.

Tlie fernent then, not with 'ndiaiid vji.iz,
Frone orvihe ground, as fitice; but on his rear
t.'irc'iljr baf': of tidi.j folds, that towcr'ii
Poldr above fold, a .a'^mg mare ! Mihon,

'I'lciit, who, like lomc earth-bom jiiat, fpre.-ids
H» thirty arnu »loiig the inicntid meads. Milian.

The margins on t.A>M fide do not Terminate iit a
(friti^lit line, but ai« irtdinttd. lVi,id-u.-arJ.

7'i iNDh'.'iT. f. n. [from the method of
cutting counterparts of a contraifl toge-
ther, that, laid on each other, they may
fir, and any want of conformity maydif-
covec a fraud.] To contrail; to bargain;
■to make a compaft.

Sfla't "e buy treaft*!, and /Wewr with fears,
■' When they have loft and forfeited chemfr Ives?

Shaktfptare.

He defcends to the folemnity of a pafl and cove-

flant, and has indtntrd viii'i us. Drcay cf Fitry.

iKDt'jJT. «./. [from the verh.] Inequality;

incifure ; indentation. This is little

ufcd.

Trent fliall not wind with fuch a deep indrmt.
To rob me of io lich a bottom here. Hbakfffy

IwoiNTA'Tro.v. n.J'. [in and dent, Latin.]
An indcnEure; watting in any fignrr.

'The margins do not termin.iic in a ftraight liflr,
but arc indented i each ttdtntjtiin being coiitinjed

■ its a TmaM riJgc, to the imftntatibn that anf.vcrs it
on llie oppoGie margin. tKid'Ward,

Ikde'-sture. «./. [ftom iriJf/rt.'] A cove-
nant, fo named bccaufc the counterparts
- are indented or cut one by the other ; a
con:ra^, of which thcie ^ a couiUerpart-

^t

'n"d

" ' tn ffjll's etirsrfifh m irK good itntte* it quite
marred vtith iuyfrnure En^'iA. .■ijilum'i Sciahr,.

. 'XlK criiick to hit grief will find
How^rmly thsl'c <Wf/«'.r« bind. ^wift.

In'O ^Pe's"* K XC.E. "I ^-J^^ \jndi^(nJai;(e, f r.

ItfntPK'ND tNcy. / in and dci>e>tdeiice.'\

"• Freed oin ; exfertiption from reliance or

confrcml; ftatef ovt'^'Vhich non\; has power,

Orcar.ii may giire us/btj^ ij-aoi t!ic great cxccl-

icocy of a human foul, anti i^iaa intimations of iu

ttid'!ftKdai^y 011 matter* ,1 AdMj\*t.

Let fortune do lier woif}, wliatever (he makei us

^Ce, as, long as the. never w^kes ua lol'e our iioneiH-

Give me, 1 cry'd, enough for mc,
My bread and ind'-J>^Mdrjjijff
' "So bo'.iiilit an annuj! rent or two,

And liv'djuftas you Ice 1 do. r<i(ie.

IxDEPtNDENT. odj . \ij^d<:peiiJant, Yt. /«
and di-ptndent.\

I. Not depending; not fupported by any
other; not relying. on nnother; not con-
trolled. It is ufed with ov, of, QV fram,
before the obj,e(;:\ ; of which «« fcemstiioft
proper, Cnca we fay to icftuJ »/i, and
confequently dependtnt en.

CVcaicon muil needs infer providence, and Cod's
making thft \»-orld irrefrnc.rbly prove; that he governs
it loo; or ihal a being <^ dependent n.iliire rcmams
nevtrilif-lf .'s iiJtjifinicKI upan kirn in that reljieft.

Since all prinirei of indrpmdfti govern mifn ti .1 re
^n a Ihte ot nature, the wcrlll never svat wilhiut
mcrt 111 that lUtc. Locke.

The town oi St. rtaul is a rrdteftant republick,
indcprndtnt of the abbot, and under the proteflion
of the cantons. Addfn.

z. Not relating to any thing clfe, as to a

fuperior caufe or power.
The conliderstion of our underftanding, which

is an incorporeal fubllance injef-tjidefit fram mafter;

and the contemplation of our own bodies, which have
" allrhcliamps and charaOeri of excellent contrivance ;
■ thcfe alone do very eafily guide us to the wife Author

of all things. RtntUv.

Ijcoer E.N-DENT. ». f. One who in religious
affairs holds that everv congregation is a
complete church, fuhjett to no fuperior
authority.

We Ihall, in our fermons take occaflon to juftify
fuch palfagiii in our liiurgy as have been unjufllv
qiarrelled at by prclbjlerians, indefindenls, or other
puritan feclaries. Sanderfn.

A very famous hdffmdfirt minilter was head of a
college in thofi: times. Addifn's Nfrffjtor.

I .N ri E p I ' N D E .V T L Y . ad'v. [ f ro m iv dependent. ]
Without reference to other things.

Difpoic lights and (hadows, without finilbing every

thing /Wi'f'e«i/f«//y ihc one of ihc other. Dryden.

Indfse'rt. n.f.\inwa\dcfert.^ Want of

merit. This is an ufeful word, but not

much received.

'ITiofe who were once looked on as his equals,

are apt to think the fame of his merit a reflcilion

on their own irdr/erli. Addifon.

Isdk'sinently. ad-v. [indejinrnler, 1" rcnch ;

in and drfinin, Latin.] Without ceifation.

They continue a month indfinenily,

K.iy nn ibe Crea^Un'.

IvoFSTRu'cTiBLE. adj. [,u and dijlruili-
ble.] Not to be deftroyed.

Oljfs it fo compaft and" firm a body, that it is
irdrjliun;ile\,Y»!{ or BitJK. ' Uoyl,

Indete'r.\hnablk. a-lj. [in and di/ermi
nnilc:] Not to be fixed; not to be de-
fined or fettled.

There is not only obfcuiity in the end, but be-
ginning of the world ; thai, as ,15 p-:riod is infcru-
lablc, fo is ;ts nativity indue- mi/tjli'r. lir-^-wn.

iNUETt'RMlNATE, adj, [inddmninc, Fr.

rt ant! dfttrmhaleS] '\}nf.\iA; not de-

,fiiied; indufinrre. • ■ •

■ ■ Tlie'rays of the farpe colour'were by turns tranf*

mitted at one thick nefs,. and rcfleiied at another

^ tliiclsacfs, for iaJadtlirufi'iAtf numberof fucceiliqat.'

r •■ !^'elv(,on's O/itiris,'

In_dets'ii4,iijiaTelV. adv. [/« and aVW-
mir/^hh.] Ind'efinitdy ; BOt in any fet-
tled manner, ,,

His (lerfpicacity difcemed the loadftone to refpoft
the t orih, when ours beheld it injerenxi/iate/jt

. I hroiivt.

The depth of the hold is ir.deiemiiKaufy expaeil'ed

in the dcfLripiion. ■. Arl>utii7i„tcn Coins'.

I.vnLTE'RMINF.D. adj: [;Va.Td determiuej.]

L'nfettlttd; unfixed. ' " . ''

We llioufd not amufe ourfelves svith floating wo'rdt
of indateiuined figiufication, which we can ufe in
fevcral fenfeii lo I'eivc a turn. i-ccike.

I N D E T E R M I N a't I O K , ?/. /. [;« and delermi-
}iatirjn.\ Want of determination; want of
fixed or flated diredion.

By contingents 1 undcrftand all things which- may
be done, and may not be done, may hirppen, or may
not happen, by tcafon of the iidiicttainail'-n or ac-
cidental concuncnce of tlie caulVs. Ummbitll.
Indi^-JP'tion. ?/. /. [/Wtvo/roa, Fr. //? and
de--ua:'> J Want of devotion ; irreligion.
Let us i.iake the church the fcerie of our ^cni-
tencc, as of our faults ; deprecate our former ittde.
■veii-.K, and, by an exemplary reverence, rcdrefs the
fcand^l of profanencfi. Dtc:iy tf Piety.
ISDEVou'r. a,/j. [inde-Mt, Fr. ir: and dt--
i-out.l Not devout; fibt religious ; irre-
ligious.

He pi ays much; yet curfes more; whilll he" is
meek, hui iiidei/aur. Decay of Fieiy,

Index, n.f. [Latin.]

1. The difcoverer ; the pointer our.

Tartes are the indexes of t!:e difTerent qualities a(

planis, as well as of all forts of aliment. Ariuibnot,

\ 'I'hat wliich was once ilie index to point outfall

virtues, does h9w nark mit tliat part of the world

w here the leaH of them relijcs. Decay of Piety.

2. The hand that points to any thing, asto
the hour or way.

They have no more inwitrd- fclf-confcioiifnefs of
what they do or fufter than the index of a watch, of
the hour it points to. Bentley,

3. The table of contents to a book, '

In fuch indfxei, alrhoDgh fmall
To their fubfequent volumes, there is feen
The baby ligure of the grant mils ..
Of tilings to come, at Urge. SLkeffeare.

If a book has no index or good fable of contents,
'tis very uftful to make one as you arc reading «,
and in your index to take notice only ol pans new
'o y<~- IValH.

Indexte'rity. ». /. [/„ and Vf.v/nvVv.]
Want of dexterity ; want of readint-'fs ;
want of handincfs; clumfmefs; aukward-
nefs,

J The InJextfrliy of ourconfumption-curers deinon.

ftraies their dimncfs in beholding its caufes. thtx'ey

1'ndian Anvit.-rcot. n.f. [marcnnta, Lat.J

A root.

.\ fovereign remedy for the bile of wafps, and the

foifon of the manchineel tree. This root the
ndians apply to eitraft the venom of their arrows.
,1 /> ^ Miller .

I'N-DlAN Cr(/;. V. f. [acr! viola, Lat.] A

plant. MiUcr.

I'ndian Fig. n. f ^{ofimtia, Latin.] A

plant.
I'ndian Red. n. f. Is a fpecies of ochre;

a very fine purple eailh, and of a firni,

compad texture, and great weight. Hi!l,\
I'NniCANT. ^,^'. [/;/.//(•««/, Latin.] Show-'

ine; jiointingout; that which diredj

what IS to be done in any difeafc.

r»

1 N D

m'NDTCATE. *. a. [,W>«. Latin.]

1. To fliow ; to point out.

2. [In phyiick.] To point oat a remedy.

See ItTDlCATIOH.

Indica'tiok. n.f. [initicatiotr, French; in-
dicath, from W/'f O.Latin.]

I . Mark ; token ; fign ; note ; fymptom.
The frequent Hops ihcy mjkc in the moft conve-
nient places, are a plain ixjicalim of their weari-
jjcfs. AJdifon.

We think that our AiccelTeJ art * pliin inJicathn
of the divine favour towards us. Atlnhxry.

*. [In ptiyfic] Indication is of four kinds :
vital, prefervative, curative, and pallia-
tive, as it direfls what is to be done to
continue life, cutting off the caufe of an
approaching difteraper, curing it whilft it
is adluall)- prefent, or leffening its effe<Ss,
•r taking off fome of its fymptoms before

. it can be wholly removed.

The depravation of the inHruments of maftica»ion
is a natural indkalion of a liquid diet. Arhutbr.at .

J. Difco very made ; intelligence given.

If a perTon that had a fair dVate in re\rrfion,
(hould be aflured by fome (kilful phyfician, that he
would inevitably fall into a difeafethat vwnid totally
deprive him of his underfta«ding and •, ^ * y i if, I
fay. upon a certain belief of this indications the man
(hould appear overjoyed at the news, would not all
that faw him conclude that the diftcmper had feixed
him ? _ Bentlty.

^. Explanation ; difplay.

Thefe be the things that govern nature princi-
pally, and without which you cannot make any true
analyfis, and indication of the proceedings of nature.
Qac(*n^s Natural Hijiory.
IvDt'CATlVB. adj. \indicati<vus , Lat.]

1 . Showing ; informmg ; pointing out.

J, [In grammar.] A certain modification
of a verb, exprefling alfirnwtion or indi-
cation.

The verb is formed in a eertiici manner to affirm
deny, or interrogate; which formation, from the
principal ufe of it, is called the indicative mood.

darkens Latin Grammar .
Inoi'cativeIY. adv. [from indicatiie.]
In fuch a manner as (hows or betokens.

Thefe images, foimed in the brain, are indica-
tivelj of the diae fpecies with thofe of fcnfe. Gretii,

Indict. Sec Indite, and its deriva-
tives
Indi'ction . tr./. [ifrdi^ion, Fr. /WlVi»,Lat.]
». Declaration ; proclamation.

After a legation ad res rrprtertdas, and a refufal,
and a denunciation and indiHiDn of a war, the war
is left at large. Bacon.

2. [In chr.inology.] The indiaion, infti-
tuted by Conftantine the Great, is pro-
perly a cycle of tributes, orderly difpofed,
for fifteen years, and by it accounts of
that kind were kept. Afterwards, in
memory of the great viftory obtained by
Conftantine over Mezenyus, 8 Cal. Oft.
312, by which an entire freedom was given
to Chriftianity, the council of Nice, for
the honour of Conftantine, ordaineil that
the accounts of years fhould be no longer
kept by the Olympiads, which till that
time had been done ; but rliat, inftead
thereof, the indiSien fliould be made life
of, by which to reckon and date their
years, which hath its cpoclia, J. D, 31^,
Jan. I.

Isui'KFFHSNCE.Jn. / \iiidiffennce, Fr.

I.vdi'fferhncv,

?«. / ['■'

\ indiffet

'■'erentia, Latin.]

I. Neutrality; fufpenfton ; equipoife
frecdom.{ioai ^xoiikcs on citker iide.

I N D

to cHsiIct of committees it is bcUer UcKuTe 'm-
diScrcnt ptrfotii, than to matte aa ijtdiffcrencj by
putting in thufe that are fltrong on both fides.

Bacon* i Bjfxys.

Uy an equal hUffetency for all truth, 1 mean,
not to%iog it as fucb» before wr know it to be true.

A Mrfcft iniifftrfncy in the mind, not deter-
minable by its lad judgmcnti would be as great an
imperteAion as the want of indifferency to a£l, or
not to atf^, till determined by the will. Locke.

Thofc who would borrow light from cxpoittors,
Confult either only thoTc who have the good luck to
bethought found and orthodox, avoiding thofe ot
different fentiraents; or el fc with ifiJt^ercney looV.
into notes of all commentator*. Locke.

2. ImpartiaHty.

Read the book with iniiffertncy and judgment,
and thou canll not but greatly commend it.

3. Negligence ; want of afitftion ; uncon-
cernednefs.

Indijftrencc cannot but be criminat; when it is
conv^rlant about objeds which are fo £ar from being
of an indifferent nature, that they are of the highell
importance. Addifon*

A place which we muft pafs through, not only with
the indi^^ence of ftrangers, but with the vigilanca
of thofe who travel through the counti-y ot an enemy.

Kogert,

Indifference^ clad in wifJom's guife,
All fortitude of mind fupplies ;
For how can ftony bowels melt.
In thofc who never pity felt ? S-wift.

He wilt let you know he has got a clap with as
much indifferency 3ii he wouldapleceof public news.

S%u:ft.

The people of England Ihould be frighted with
the French king and the Pretender once a-ycar: the
want of obfcrving this nccclTary precept, has pro-
duced great ///(y/^rf/nr*' in the vulgar. Arbuthnot.
4. State in which no moral or phyfical rea-
fon preponderates ; Hate in which there is
no difference.

The choice is left to our difcretlon, except a
principal bond of fome higher duty remove the in-
difference that fuch things have in themfelves: their
indifference is removed, if we take away our oyvn
liberty. Honker.

INDI'FFERENT. adj. [indijirent, Fr. in-
differens, Lat.]

1. Neutral; not determined on «ither fide.

Doth his roajelty
Incline to it or no.'
He fecmt indifferent. Sliatefp.

Being Indifferent, we Ihoutd receive and embrace
opinions according aa evidence gives the atteftation
of truth. iMte,

Let guilt or fear
Rifturb man's reft ; Cato knows neither of them :
Indifferent in his choice to deep or die. Addifm.

2. Unconcerned; inattentive; regardlcfs.

One thing was all to you, and your fondiicfs made
you indiffers-rn to every thing elfe. Timp/e.

It was a law of Solon, that any perfoo who, in
the civil commotions ot the republick, remained
neuter, or an indifferent fpcc^atorof the contending
parties, Ihould be condenined to perpetual haniih-
ment. Adai/cn's J-'reeii./der.

But how indifferent foever man may be to eternal
haj'pinen, yet lurely to eternal mifery none can be
indifferent. Rcgeri.

3. Not to have fuch difference ns that the
one is for its o«'n fake preferable to the
other.

The nature of things Indifferent is neither to be
commanded not ttjrbidden, but left free and arbitrary.

Mocker.

Ciiftoms, which of themftlves are indlfftTtnt in
othtr kingdoms became exceediiifily evil in this realm,
by rejlon of the niconveoicixics which tallowed
thereupon. Daviej.

Thmigh at firft it wa> fret, and in ray choice
whether or no 1 Owu'd piiblilh thefe difcourles; yrt,
the poMicition btu^ once rcfalvcdf the dedication
•Msnot fo iW/j/f«i-«f, Smth.

I N D

Tliis I mantion only at my coi:j<Aurri it beiiv
Indifferent to the matter which way the learned flian
determine. Luke,

4. In^partial ; difinterefted.

Metcalfe was- partial to none, but indifferent tA
all; a mallet for the whole, and a father 10 everf
one. AJcbam,

1 am a moft poor woman, and a ftranger.
Barn out of your dominions; h-nnng here
No judge indiff'rent, and no more alTunnce
Of e<jualfriendlli;ri and proceeding. Slaleff,

There can hardly be an indifferent trial had be-
tween the king »>d the fubjccl, or between party
and patty, by rcafon of this general kindred and
confanguinity. Da-uirt.

e. Paflable; having mediocrity ; of a mid-
dling ftate; neither good nor worft.
This is an improper and colloquial ufe,
efpecially when applied to perfons.

Some things admit ot mediocrity:
K counfelior, or pleader at the bar.
May want MeilUU's pow'rfiil eloquence^
Or be lefs read than deep CalTclius ;
Yet this indiff'rent lawyer is ertccm'd. K'^fccmmon.

Who would excel, when few can make a left.
Betwixt indiff'rent writing and the bctV? Uryden.-
This has obliged me to publilh an indiffcteni col-
le^ion of poems, for fear of being thought the authof
of a worle. I'rian

There is not one of thefe fubjeih that would
not fell a very indifferent paper, could 1 think of
gratifying the publick by fuch mean and bafe me-
thods. Addifon.

6. In the fame fenfe it has the force of an
adverb.

lam myM( indifferent honeft; but yet I could
accufe me of fuch things, that it were bcltei that
jny mother haJ not borne me. iib.ikeff. Hamlet.
This will raife a great fcum on it, and leave your
wine indiffaeru clear. Mortimer.

Indi'fferektlv. adv. [indtfferenthf
Latin.]

1. Without diftinftion; without preference.

Whitenefs is a mean between all colouri, having
\tMf indifferently ta them all, fo as with eijual fa.
cility to be tinged with any ot them. Newton.

Were pardon extended indifferently to all, which
of them would tiiink himlelt under any p^irticular
obligation ! Addifon.

Though a church-of-England-maii thinks e.cry
fpecics of government equally lawlul, he docs not
think them eijually expedient, or for e>cry couorry
indifferently. Swift.

2. Equally; impartially.

They may truly and indiffiremly minilttr juftice.
Common r raver.

3. In a neutral ftate;. without with or aver-
fion.

Set hottoor in one eye, atid death i' th' other,
And I will look on death indifferently, Hbakefpe

4.. Not well; tolerably; paflably ; middling.

A moyl& will d:aw indiffrtnlly well, and carry

great buriViens. CarcM,

I hope It may indifferently entertain your lordihi,

at ai) unbending hour. ^'^^^

An hundred and fifty of their beds, fdwn together,

kept me but wry indiffeumly-ivoui the ftoor.

Gulliver' t Travtll.

■di.
Wamt;

1'nd:cencf.. ) *. /. [indirt'Ce, Fr.
I'.NDIOBN'CY. J gentia^ Latin-]
penury ; poverty.

Where there is happinefs, thtrf matt not be rWf-
gmey, or want of any due comforts of life.

Burnet' J Theery^

For ev'n that indigence, that brings nw low.

Makes me ihyfclf, and him above to know. Dryden.

Athens woifhipped (/od with temples and fa*

critices, as if he needed habitation and fuftenancc )

and that the hrathcns had luch a mean appreh«nf on

about the indigency of their gods, appears from

Ariltophanet and Lucian. Bentley,

I^^Dl'cE^•0l.■s. adj. [indigene 'yt.indigena,

Lat.] Native to a country; originally

produced or bom in a region.

Nrjtoej

, tni lit t
, thai h I

II

IN rr

;•' ^W«gT»««'i»ere all tr^rifporKd from hft'ity,
• #***^/grtiBt«i' proper naiives ot Amf rtca
S'. ,-^t is wondert'bi to obfeive one cieiture,
mankiuJ, inJigenclis to fo many differeht ci'tnaies.

,,.,.-■. Aiiutbnot.

i'NOIGENT. edi [iadigent, Fr. indigem,

' Ut.]
1. Poor; needy; neceffitoas.

Chiriryconfiih in relieving the iiiJlgnl. A.idijon.
f, la want; wanting; with of.
..' iRejoieC) O Albion, lever'dfroai the wor!d,
> .ByTiimre's wife indoigcttce t iW/gfM
,V ^ndthtogirom wiihoul. Phillips.

J. Void ; empty.

": Such bodies have the tangible parts injigent of
■ tnoifture. iS.ico?!.

Ikdi'gest. \ "'^J- ['W'f^<'._ French ;
Indi'cesteD. ) indigejii.s, Latin.]
1. Not feparated into diftinit orders ; not

regularly difpofed.
1 his mifs, or indigrjiej matter, or chaos, created

in the beginning, wjs without the proper form,

which it afterwards acquired. Rjfrigb.

Befwe ihc fcas, and this tctrcftrial bill,

One was the face of nimre, if a fjte;

Kalhcr a rude and rWi^./ici/ mafs. Viydeit.

X, Not formed, or ihaped. ladigefl is not

now in ufe.

Set a f Jrm upon that iniig'JI projciS,
So (hapelefs and lo rude . .ShaSfJf. King John.

Hence, heap o' wraih, foul inJi^tJted lumf ;
AscrooVted in thy inaiiiiers as liiy iliape. tibAff.
3. Not well contidercd and mcthodifed.

By irkfom; dcf.rmitics, through endlefs and fcnfc-
Jefi effiilions ot indigrjied prayers, they oftentitres
difgrace the mrorthittt part >*Chril1iaii duly tn^virds
God. Uiyotrr.

The political creed of ilie high-pitjiciplcd men
fcts the piotcllani fuccelVion upon ail. jier loumtation
than all the ixdigjltd ftheinei of t.'iore who pr'ofefs
revolution principles. Hviift.

jL. Not concotled in the ftomach.
Drt:ams are bred
From riling fumes of indigrfed food, Drydtn.

5. Not brought to fuppuration.

His wound was iniigifi^d in\ infl.imed.^fT/J'w.iJj.
IwDlc t'sT JBLE. fl<^'. [Irom in and dtgijli-
blt'\ Not conquerable in the ftomach ;
not convertible to nutriment.

Eggs are the mol> nourilliing and exalted of all
aoimal food, and moll indigeftible : no body can di-
|eft the fame fuanlity of lh<m as of other food.

Arbulbntt on Ditt.
iNncE'sTios. »./. \indigefkn, Fr. from

in and di^rftion ]
I. A morbid weakncfs in the ftomach;

want of concoftive power.
»» The ftate of meats unconcofted.

The fumes of ifidig-^Jiion may injifpofe men to
' thought, as well as to difeafes otxtangcr and pain.

'Tempif.

it INDl'GITATE. -v. a. [indigito, Lat.j
To point out ; to (hew by the bngers.

Amifjuity etpreflcd numbers by the ftngers: the
depreffir.g this nngcr,- which in the left hand implied
but fix, in the right hand indigiiatfd C\t hundred.

brcftujt'j yulgar Errours.

At though there were a feminality of uime, we

fftoliftily conceive we behold therein the anatomy of

every panicle, and cm thereby ntJiriiatt their af-

fcOuins. Brnua'x ymlgar Einun.

We ate not to indigiiatt the pant Iranfmiltent.

Harvey.
I«DICITATION. n. /. [from indigilate.]
The aft of poiiwing out or fticwing, as
by the finger.

Which things I conceire no obfcure indigiimion ol
provi i^n«' M(.rt againjt Aibtijm.

Indi'ON. adj. [indiguey Fr. iriUignut, Lat.]
h Ur>wotthy; undcferving.

Where there is a kingdom that is altogether un-
able or indign to govern, is it iult for another nation,
tikat is Civil cr policed, to fubtlue tbem ? Bacen.

Vol.. I.

I N r>

2. Bringing indignety ; difgracef aK This ■
is a word not in ufe.

Antl all irtdign and bafe adverfities
Make head againft my eftimaiion. Shaktfp.

Indi'gn.^nt. ndj. \^iiidigria>is,'L,it'\ An-
gry ; raging; inflamed at once with anger
and difdain.
He icourg'd with many a ftroke th" inJigratit
waves. Mil ion.

The lullful monfter fled, purfuej by the valourous
and inaignant Martin. Arbuthmt and Poft.

Wh.it rage that hour did -Mbion'sfoul pofiefs,
Let chiefs imagine, and let lovers guefs !
He ftrides indignant, and with haughty cries
To fingle fighi ihc fairy prince defies. TicktI.

I N D I G N .^'t I o N . ».f. [indigaalioa, Fr. indig-

natio, Lat.]

I. Anger mingled with contempt or difgnft.

Sulpcnd your indignation againft my brother, till

you derive better tcllimoiiy of his intent. Sbakfp.

Fiom thofe officers, warm with indignaiioit at

the infoler.ces of that vile rabble, came wordsof great

contempt.

Ciarend^jK.

But keep this fwelling indignMian down,

And let your cxilcr reafon now prevail. Koiue.

2. The anger of a fuperiour.

There was great indignation againd Ifrael.

2 Kings.

3. The effeft of anger.

If heav'ns have any grievous plague in ftore,
Let them hurl down ihsir indignjti^^n
On thee, thou troublcr of the world. Sijh/p.

Indi'gnity./t./. [mdigm'tai , from iiidignuj,
Lat. iiidiguiie, Fr.] Contumely; con-
temptuous injury ; violation of right ac-
companied with infult.

Bilhpps and prelates could not but have bleeding
hearts to behold a perfoo of fo great place and wortli
conl>rained to endure lo foul indigniiiri. Hooker.
No emotion of pallion tranfportcd me, by the in'
dignity of bis carriage, to any thing unbefctming
royfelf. ' King ChaiUs.

Man he made, and for him built
MagnifiLenl this world, and earth his feat,
Him lord pronount'd ; and, O indignity !
Subje^ed to his fervice angel-wings,
4 Ai.d flaming minilVis, to watch and tend
'1 heir earthly charge. Milton.

He does not fee how that mighty paflion for the
church can well conlill with thofe indignities and
that contempt men bellow on the clergy. Sivijt.

To more exalted glories born.
Thy mean indignities I fcorn. Ptittifon.

I'ndico. n. J. \jndicum, Lat.] A plant,
by the .Americans called anil. In the
middle of the flower is the ftyle, which
afterwards becomes a jointed pod, con-
taining one cylindrical feed in one parti
tjon, from which indigo is made, which
is ufcd in dying for a blue colour.

Miller.
Indire'ct. adj. \indirta, Fr. indireHus,

Lat.]
7. Notftrait; not reflilinear,
z. Not tending othcrwife than obliquely or
confequentially to a purpofe ; as, an indi-
rea accufation.

3. Wrong; improper.

1 he tender prince
Would fain have come with me to meet your grace ;
But by his mother was perk>rce with-hcld; '

Fy, what an indireil und peeviOi courfe

Is this of hers > Sij/tejf. Riciardlil.

4. Not fair ; not honeft.

Think you, that any meant under the fun

Can aflecure (oindireO a courfe ? Daniel.

Thofe things which they do know they may, upon

fundry indir4£i coiifideratioiis, let pats ; and although

themfelves do not err, jet may ihcy deceive othcis.

ILcker.
O pity and (hamc I that they who to live well
Eoter'd fo tair, Ihauldtutn aiiiic, Is trcad
■ Paths iadirtfl. Milun.

V

i N ts

Jxiittlt dealing will be ditcover'd «ii« timear
other, and then he Icfes his rcpiitaiion. liUoifn.
I>fDlRE'cTtON. *■./. [in and </;;rAV«.]

1 . Oblique means ; tendency not in a ftrait
line.

And thus do we, of wifdom and of reach,
With wiiiJIaces, and with efTays of byas.
By indireElions And directions out. Shakefp. Hamlet.

2. Diflionell practice. Not ufed,

I had rather coin my heart than wring
From the hard hands of peafants their viie trarti.
By any imiiteliion. Shakefp. Julius Cajfr.

IwDIRE'erLY. adnj. [from indireii.\

1. Not in a right line ; obliquely.

2. Not in exprefs terms.

Still (he fupprclTes the name, which continues hio
doubts and hopes; and at laft Ihe /ad/Vrfl/y men-
tions it. BnxMt,

3. Unfairly; not rightly.

He bids you then refign
Your crown and kingdom, indireSilyhtM
From him Ihe true challenger. Shakefp Henry V,
He that takes .ir.y thing trom his ncigliboiir, which
was jullly foileited, to I'atisfy his own revenge or
avarice, is tied to repentance, but not to relfitotioii :
becaufe I took the forfeiture indiriffly, I •am aiifwer-
able to God for my unhandfome, unjuit, or unchari-
table circomftances. T.jyior.

Indire'ct NESS. »./. [/« und direaK/fi,}

1. Obliquity.

2. Onfaimefs; difhonefty ; fraudulent art.
Lnuis'cernible. adj. [in and dij^trniblt.^

Not perceptible ; not difcbverable.

Speculation, which, to my dark foul,
Depriv'J of reafon, is as inJifierniblt
As colours to my body, wanting light. Denbenri

Indisce'rnibly. Wta [from ind:fctrmhie.\

In a manner not to be perceived.
Indisce'rptible. adj. \ju and difcerp-
lible.] Not to be feparated; incapable
of being broken or dcftroyed by diflblu-
tion oF parts.
Indiscerptibi'lity. « /. [from- indij-

cerftible. ] Incap«bility of diffolution.
InoiscovehV. k J. [;'« and diffO'very.'\.
The ftate of being hidden. An unufual
word.

The ground of this afTertion was the magnifying
efteem of the ancients, ariling from the indifrovery
of its head. Brois'rt'^

Indiscreet, adj. \jndifcret, Fr. in and
dijcriet.l Imprudent; incautious; incon-
fiderate ; injudicious.
Why then
Are mortal men fo fond and indifcreet^
So evil gold to leek unto their aid ;
.\nd having not complain, and liaving it upbraid ?

Spenf-T.
If thou be among the Indifcreet obferve the time j
but be continually among men of underllanding.

Ecclef.
Indiscree'tly, adi). [from ifidijcreet.\
Without prudence ; without confidcra-
tion ; without judgment.

job on juftice hath afpeifioirs flung,
And fpoken indifcreetly with h's tongue. Sandyt.
Let a great pcrfonage undertake an aiflion paflion-
ately, let him manage it indifcreetly, and he (halj
have enough to Hatter himi Taylor^

Ikdiscre'tjon. n. f. [indifcretion, Fr. in
and difcreti(in.'\ Imprudence ; raflinefs ;
inconfideraiionv

Indifcretion fometimes ferves us well.
When our deep plots do fail, Shakefp. Hamlet.

His oflinccs did proceed rather from negligence,
raOmtft, or other indifretion, than from any mali-
cious thought. Hay-ward^

Loofc papers have been obtaintd from us by the

importunity and divulged by the indifcretion of

tnends, although reilntuicd by piomifes. Sivife,

6N iNoiti)

I N D

IxDIiCKr'MlKATE. aJj. {iadi/crimhatut,
"linguimable;
-with any note of Jiftinftlon.

Latin.] Undiftinguiiliable; not marked

Indiscri'minately. adv. [irotaindi/cri-
rm'nate.] Without diftinftion.

Oihexi ufe dtfamatory diftourfe purely for love of
talk; wliofe fpeech, like a flowing- current, beari
iwijr ixJifcriminuttty whatever lies in its way.

Gavcrumtnt of the Tongue.

Liquors, ftrong of acul fells, deliroy the bliieucfs
of theinfufioaofour wood ; and li<|uors, /W^r;«/-
^matily, that abound with fulphureous falts, tellore
it. Boylt.

INDISPETSISABLE. adj JJrench.] Not to
be remitted ; not to be fpared; neceffary.

Rxks, mountains, and caverns, againft which
thefe ejceptions arc made, are of inili/fcnfatU ufe and
ritcelSty, as well to earth as to man. Ifaiidviard.

Inoispk'nsableness. ft. J. [irom ittdi/pett-

/able.} State of not being to be fpared ;

neceflity.
Indispe'»sa«lv. ad-v. [from tndifpenfa-

i/e.] Without difpeniaiion; without

reraiflion ; ncccflarily.
Every one mull look upon himfelf as hdifptttfably

obliged to the praftice of duty. Addijon.

3:iiNDlSP0'SE.a..a. [mdijpofcr. Fr.j
•I ."To make unfit : with fir.

" 'Nothing can be reckoned good or bad to us in this
.life, any farther than it prepares or indiffofes M%f'ir

the enjoyment of another. ■ Aittrhury.

Z. 'To difmcKne ; to make averfe : with to.

It has aftrange efficacy to indifftft the heart to

religion. Houth'i Sermons.

3. To diforder; to difqaalify for its proper
-ftnAions.

_ ] frhe foul is not now hindered in iti aftings by the
'^iftemperature oiindi/p^/ed organs. GlanvlUe.

4. To diforder nightly with regard to health.

Though it weakened, yet it made him rather in-
diffojed than fick, and did no ways difabic him from
ftudying. _ tValion.

5. To make unfavourable ; with toivards.

The king was fufficiently indiffoftd touardi the
ferfons or the principles of Calvin'; difciples.

Clarertd'tn,

inbisposEDNESj. tt. /. [from indiffoftd.^
;State of unfitnefs or difinclination ; dif-
otdered ftate.

it is not any innate harfhnefsin piety that renders
the fjrft effays of it unpleafant; that is owing only
■- to the injiffojediufi of our own hearts.

Decay of Piety .
liiDjSPOSiTlON. n.f. \iudi/pofitioit,]ix.itottt

hdifpoft.^
i. Diforder of health ; tendency to fick-
fnefs ; flight difcafe.

■ The king did complain of a continual infirmity of

body, yet rather as an indfpojition iu health, (nan

any let fickoefs. H.tywaTd.

I have known a great fleet lofe great occalions, by

»n indffofthn of the admiral, while he was neither

well enough to cxercifej nor ill enough to leave the

,-<ommand. ' Temple.

■ '. Wildom is ftill looking forward, from the tirft

indffifnoHt into the progrefs of the Uileafc.

L' Eflrange.

His life feems to have been prolonged beyond its

ratural term, under thofc indiJl>ofuiont wrhicli hung

upon the latter part of it. Addijon' s Freeboldir.

2. Difinclination ; diflike ; with to or to-
ivardi.

The indifpfition of the church of Rome :o reform
tierfelf, murt be ftay unto us from performing our duty
to Cod. Hiikir.

The mind, by every degree of alfe^ed unbclirf,
,f onttads more and more of a general indfjnjition
tovnardt believing. . Antrburj.

iNDispu'rABi.E. ndj. [in and dif(iutahlt.'\
Uncontrovertible ; incontcftable; erident;
certain.

I N D

.There if no maxim in politicks motf Ml/fa-
tahle, than that a nation (hould have many honours
10 referve for thofe who do national fervices. Addif.
The apollle afTerts a clear indfftitahie conclufion,
which could admit of no qucf^ion. Rogcts.

Indisputa'bleness. n.f. [fmm indiffu-
lable.'] The ftate of being indifputable ;
certainty; evidence.

Indispu'tably. adv. [from ittdijfutalle.]

1 . Without controverfy ; certainly ; evi-
dently.

The thing itfclf is queftionable, nor is it indiffu-
tably certain what death Ihe died. Brovin.

2. Without oppofition.

They queftioned a duty thatiiadbeen indiffutably

granted to fomany preceding kings. Hcuri.

Imdisso'lvable. adj. [in and dlffolvable.]

1 . Indiffoluble; not leparable as to its parts.

Metals, corroded with a little acid, turn into ruft,
which is an earth taftclefs and Indijfolvahle in wa-
ter; and this earth, imbibed with more acid, be-
comes a metallick fait. Ne-uion.

2. Obligatory ; not to be broken ; binding
for ever.

Depofilion and degradation are without hope of

any remilTion, and therefore the law ftiles them an

itidijfoivaile bond ; but a cenfurc, a diffolvablc bond.

Ayliffe't Parergrm.

Indissolu'bility. «. /. [indiffolubilite,

Fr. from indiffoluble.^
I. Refiftancc to a diffolving power ; firm-
nefs ; ftablenefs.

What hoops hold this mafs of matter in fo clofc a
preflure together, from whence fteel has its firmncfs,
and the parts of a diamond their harducfs and indif-
folubilily, Locke.

a. Perpetuity of obligation.
Indisso'luble. adj. [indiffoluble, Fr. in-
diffolubilis, Lat. inanidijjoluble.'^

1 . Reftfting all feparation of its parts ; firm ;
ft able.

When common gold and lead are mingled, the lead
may be fevered almolt unaltered ; yet it, inlUad of
the gold, a" tantillum of the red elixir be mingled
with the fatum, their union will be (o indijfoluble,
that there is no poflible way of feparating the difl'jfed
elixir from the fixed lead. Beyle.

2. Binding for ever: fubfilling for ever;
not to be loofed.

Far more comfort it were for us, to be joined with
you in hzniz oi trtdijfi^luble love and amity, to live
as if our perfons being many, our fouls were but one.

Hooker.

Thexe is the fuprcme and /W/^s/Ki/^confanguiniiy
between men, of which the heathen poet faith we are
all his generation. Bacon's Holy H''ur.

They might jiiltly wonder, that men fo taught, fo
obliged to be kind to all, fliould behave ihemfclves
fo contrary to fuch heavenly intlmAiont, tuck indif-
foluble obligations. South.

Indi'ssolubliness. n.f. [(wm indiffolu-
ble.\ Indiflblubility ; refiftancc to fepara-
tion of parts.

Adam, though confiliing of a compofition inlrin-
ficiUy diliolvablc, might have held, by the Divine
Will, a Hate of immortality and indijfolubltnejs oi\i\%
compofition. Hale.

Indissolubly. adj, [from itdiffoinble.]

1. In a manner refilling all feparation.

On they move
Indijfolubly firm ; nor obvious hill,
Nur liraii'ning vale, nor wood, nor dream divide
Thtir perfect ranks. MUton.

The remaining alhes, by a further degree of hrr,
may be ir.dijfolubly united into glafs. Boyte.

They willingly un'ite,
Indijjolublyf'xm: from Dubrisfoulh
To nor;hcrn<)rcadcs. Phillips,

2. For fvcr obligatorily.
Ikuisfi'nct. adj, [iudifiittd, Fr. /* and

dfUnaut, Lat.J

I N D

1 . Not plainly marked ; confofedi

" That which is now a horfe, even with a thought,
The rack dillimns, and makes it iniiflinCI
As water is in water. Sbaiiff,

She warbled in her throat, ~

And lun'd her voice to many i merry note; / X

But indiJlinU, and neither fweet nor clear. Dryien.
When we fpeak of the infinite divifibility of matter,
we keep a very clear and didiiitl idea of divifion and
divifibility ; but when we come to parts too fmall tor
our fcnfei, our ideas of ihcfc little bodies became ob-
(cure and indiJUnU. ffallt.

2. Not exadtly difcerning.

We throw out our eyes for brave Othello,
Ev'n till we make the main and ih' aerial blue
An indlJiinSf regard. Shakeff.

Indisti'nction. n.f. [from indifiinil.^

1 . Confufion ; uncertainty.

The ;W^;nc7/oa of many of the fame name, or the
mifapplicaiion of (he a£t of one unto another, hath
made fome doubt. Brov/n's Vulgar Errours.

2. Omifllon of difcrimination ; indifcrimi-
nation.

An indipinliion of all peiibnt, or equality of all
orders, is far from being agreeable to the will of Cod.

Sfrjtt.

Indisti'nctly, adv. [from indifi/iff.]

1. Confufedly; uncertainly; without dc-
finitenefs or difcrimination.

In its fides it was bounded difiin£)ly, but on its
ends confufedly and indijiinflly, the light there va.
nifiiing by degrees. Nriuton's Optics,

2. Without being diftingni(hed.

Making trial tiieieof, both the liquors foaked in-
dijlinflly through the bowl. Brown's Vulgar Err.
Indisti'nctness. n.f. [hom indijlinil.\
Confufion; uncertainty; obfcurity.

There is an uncvenncrs or indijiineinefs in the ftyle
of thefe places, concerning the origin and form of the
earth. Burnet's Tijeory.

Old age makes the cornea and coat of the chryftal-
linc humour grow flatter : fo that the light, tor want
of futficient refraSion, will not converge to the bot-
tom of the eye, but beyond it, and by confequence,
paint in the bottom of the eye, a confufcd pi^uie;
and according to the indijiinEinefs of this pidure, the
objeft will appear confuted. Ntivton.

Indistu'rbance. n.f. [in and difiurb.]
Calmnefs ; freedom from difturbance.

What is called by the Stoicks apathy, and by the

Scepticks indiflurbance, feems all but to mean, great

tranquillity of mind. Temple.

INDIVI'DUAL. adj. [individu, individuel,

Fr. individuiis, Latin.]
I . Separate from others of the fame fpe-
cies; fingle; numerically one.

Neither is it enough to confult, fecundum genera,
what the kind and charafler of the perfon fbould be;
for the molt judgment is QieWo in the clioice of indi-
viduals. Bacon,

They prefenf us with images more perfefl than the
life, in any individual. Dryden's Dufrtfnoy.

Muft the whole man, amazing tiiought ! return
To the cold marble, or contrafted urn I
And never (hall thofe panicles agree,
That were in life this individualhc ! Prior,

Know all the good that ;«i/(V;V«i>/j find.
Lies in three words, health, peace, and competence.

Pom,

We fee each circumllance of art and individuaJ of
nature fummoned together by the extent and fecup*
diiyof his imagination. Pope's Prrfucc lo the Iliad.

It would be wife in them, as indhiidual and pri-
vate mortals, to look Sack a little upon the IVorms
they have raifed, as well as thofe they have efcapcd.

The obiefl of any particular idea Is called an inii.
viduah, fo Peter is an individual rcan, London is
an individual city, H-'att j^

z. Undivided; not to be parted or disjoined.

To give thee being, 1 lent
Out of my fide to thee, ncarell my heart,
Subllantial life, to have thee by my fide
Hcncciotlh ia individual CoU':<: dear. Milfn.

long

I N D '

Lon» eWrnrty (hall ^rtet oar blift j

.Wuhan 'WrwVWktls. A///M/I.

Under his great viccgen;nt rtign abide
-UiMicd, as one iaJivUual foul,
Tor ever happy. Milium.

Individua'lity. It. I [from indrvidual.^
' Separate or diftinfl exiftence.

He wvild tell his inftruftor, that all men '.vere
not fingular: that indviduailty could hardly be pre-
dicated %i any man ; for it was commonly faid, that
a man is not the fame he was, and that madmen are
befide themfelves. Arbutbr.'it.

Isdivi'duailY. adv. [from indiiiidual/]
I. With feparate or diftlnft exiftence : nu-
merically.

How Ibould that fubiift folitarlly by itfelf, which
hath no fubrtance, hut individually the verv fame
whereby others fubfift with it ? Hooktr.

z. Not feparably ; incomrannicably.

I dare not pronounce him omnifcious, that being
an attribute indiviJucUy proper to the godhead, and
incoiamunicable to any created fubftance.

Huknvlll.
Ta Indivi'duA'TK. "v. a. [from indi-ciduus,
Latin.] To diftinguifh from others of
the fame fpecies ; to make fmgle.

Life is iitdimJuuted into infinite numben, that
have their diftinil fenfe and pleafure. M.re.

No man is capable of tranllaling poetry, who, be-
. 6<les a genius to that art, i> not a matter both of his
luthour's language and of hiiown^v nor mull we un-
dcrftand the language only of the poet, but his par-
ticular turn of thoughtrand expreflion,. which are the
chara£ters thai diftiiiguilh and indivijuale him from
all other writers. . Drfdtii.

Individua'tion. »./. [from wdtvidiuite.]
'Ihat which makes an individual.

What is the principle of individuaii'.n ? Or what

u it that makes any one thing the fame as it was

before ? "^'■""■

Indi viDu'iTY. n.f. [from /WTOiV/»»r, Lat. ]

Tlic ftate of being an inJividiial ; fcparate

oxiftence.

Ikdivi'nity. ». /. [in and dhiinilj^.']

Want of divine power. Not in ufe.

How openly did the oracle betray his indivlnity

■ unto Crcclus, who being ruined by his amphibology,

and ctpoltulatmg with him, received no higher an-

fwer thai) the eicufe ol his impotency ? Brnfn.

iNnivisiBi'LiTY. \n. /. [from indh-i-

Jkdivi'sibleness. ( Jillf.] State in

whidi no more divifion can be made.

A pcftic and morlar will as foon bring any particle
of mattrrto indU/iJihility as the aculelt thought of a
mathematician. Locke.

Indivi'sible. <7(//. [indi-vifihle. Ft. ;» and
dmi/Mf.^ What cannot be broken into
parts ; fo fmall as that it cannot be
fmaller; having reached the laft degree
of divifibility.

By atom, no body will imagine we intend to ex-
preff a perfeA indivijibUy but only the leaft fort of
natural bodies. D'gby.

Here is but one indivijibie point of time obfervcd,
but one aOion performed ; yet the eye cannot com-
pfchend at once the whole objcA. Drydtn.

In-divi'sibly. adv. [from itidniifible.'^
So as it cannot be divided.

Ifnjo'ciBLE. adj. [in and docib!e.'\ Un-
teachable; infufceptible of inftruftion.

Ikdo'ciL, adj, [indccile, Fr. indccilii,
I.atin.] Unreachable; incapable of be-
ing initruJled.'

Thefe certainly are the fools in the text, IndKil,
intra^able fools, whofe ftolidity can baffle all argu-
ments, and it proof againft dcmonDralion iifelf.

BfniUy't ScrmoHl,
Indoci'lity. »./. [indodlite, Fr. /» and
dociliij.'^ Unteachablenefs; refilfal of
iuftru£iion.

To WDCVCTMNATF. v. a. \t«di>nrin;r,
o\A French.] To inftruft; to tinfture
■ v/ith any fcience, or opinion.

Under a mafter that difcourfcd excellently, and
took much delight in i'.dolliitiaiing his young un.
experienced favourite, Buckingham had obtained a
quick conception of fpeaking very gracefully and
pertinently. Clarendon.

They that never peept beyond the common belief,
in which their cafy undcrflandings were at firll //r-
dneinnaiid, are fttongly affured of the truth of their
receptions. ■ GlafTVilU.

Indoctrina'tion. n. /. [from indoSri-
nnte.'\ Inftruftion ; information.

Although poflulatcs are very accommodable unto
junior indb3rittationi, yet ar« thefe authorities not
to be embraced beyond the minority of our intel-
leiSuals. Bnxun.

I'ndolence. T «. /. [in zni dolfo, Latin;

I'mpolency./ indtltnce, French.]

1. Freedom from pain.

As there muft be ind;Irncy where there is happi-

nefs, fo thert muft not be indigency. Burntt.

I have eafe, if it may not rather be called indoltitce.

Hough.

2. Lazinefs ; inattention ; liftleffnefs.

Let Epicurus give indolency as an attribute to his
godi, and place in it the happinefs of the bleft : the
Divinity which we worlhip has given us not only a
precept againft it, but his own example to the con-
trary. Drydtti.

The Spanilh nation, roufed from their ancient
inMence and ignorance, feem now to improve trade.

Moiifigbrikf,

t'NDOLENT. adj. [French.]

1. Free from pain. So the chirurgcons
fpeak of an indolent tumour.

2. Carelefs ; lazy; inattentive; liftlefs.

Ill Irts a chief
To wa(l« long nighti in indolent repofe.

Pipe's Iliad.
I'ndolently. tidv. [(torn indolent. "l

1. With freedom from pain;

2. Carelefsly; lazily; inattentively; llll-
lefsly.

While Iiill'd by found, and undifturb'd by wit;
Calm and ferene you indoUtttly fit. Addifuv.

7a Indo'w. o/. a. [indutare, Latin.] To
portion ; to enrich with gifts, whether
of fortune or nature. See Endow.

Indra'oght. ». f. [in and draught.]

1. Anopcning in the land into which the
fea flows.

Ebbs and floods there could be none, when there
was no indraugbttf bays, or guiphs to receive a flood.

RaMgb.

2. Inlet; paflage inwards.

Navigable rivers are indraxgbti to attain wealth.

Sac on.

T« Indre'nch.- "v. a. [Itota drench. "] To
foak ; to drown.

My hopes lie drown M; in many fatlulms deep
They lie indrmcb'd. Shair/pjTioiliis andCregida.
Indu'bious. adj. [in and dubiom.] Not
doubtful; not fufpefting ; certain.

Hence appears the vulgar vanity of repofirig an in-
dubious confidence in thofe antipeftilential fpirits.

H.lrvey.
iNbu'eiTABLE. adj. [induhitabilisi Lat.
indubitable., Fr. in and dubitable.'\ Un-
■ doubted ; unqueftionable ; evident ; cer-
tain in appearance ; clear; plain.

When general obfervations arc drawn from fo many

particulars as to become certain .«nd indubitable.

thefe are jewels of knowledge. Watts on tbe Mind,

Indu'bitably. ad'v. [from indubitable ."]

Undoubtedly ; unqueftionably.

If we tranfport thefe proportions from audible to
vilible objefts, there will indubitably refult from
I cither a graceful and harmonious contentment.
; iVtmn's Arehileclure ,

\ N I>

Th« patriarchs were indiibitably invcfted with

both theie authorities. Spra"-

I appeal to ail fobcr judges, whether ourfouls "iftiy

be only a mere echo from clalhing atoms; or rath-r

induiilabfy muft proceed from a fpirituil fubftattce.

Beuttty.

Indu'bitate. adj. [indubUatus, Latin.]

Unqueftioned; certain; apparent; evident.

\i\\z ftood upon his own title ot the houfe of Lan-

cafter, he knew it was condemned by parliament,

and tended dirciSly to the ditinherifon of the lin»

of York, held then the indabitate heirs of the crown .

Bacon'' s Henry V\\.

1 have been tempted 'to \fonder how, a.noiig thtf

jealoufies of ftate and^courr, Edgar Aiheliiig could

fubfilt. -being then the apparent and induhitate heir

of the Saxon line. kkotton,

TilNDU'CJi. 1). (7. [induirt, Yt. induco,

Lat.]
J. To influence to any thing; to perfuadc;
of perfonj.

The felf-fame argument in this kind, which doth
but induce the vulgar fort l>like, idky conflrain th^
wifer to yield. Hooker.

This lady, albeit (he was furnilhed with m;my
excellent endowments both of nature and education;
yet would (he never be induced to entertain marriage
with any. Hf^vjard.

Ucfire with thee ftil! longer toxonverfc
hidifc'd me. Baccrr.

Let not the covetous deiiga of growing rich /«-
^&-re you to ruin yoiu" reputation, but rather fatisfy
yourfclf with a moderate fortune; and let your
thoughts b^ wholly taken up with acquiring to your-
fclf a glorious name. Drydett.

2. To produce by pcrfuafion or influense :
of things.

Let the vanity of the limes be reftraincd, xvhich
the neighbourhood of oiUcr nations have induced-. •
we ftrive apace to exceed our parteriu Bacon.

As belief is abfolutely neceffary to all mankind, .
the evidence for inducing it muft b.: of that natCire'
as 10 accommodate itfell to all fpec.es of men.

Forbes. ■

3. Toofiier by way of induftion,. or cijil-
fequential reafoning.

They play much upon the fimile, or illuftrative
argumentation', to induce their enthymcmes unto the
people, and take up popular conceits. Brown.

4. To inculcate ; to enforce.

TWii induces a general change of opinion, con-
cerning the perfon or party like to be obeyed by the
grcaieft or itrongeft part of the people. Temple.

5. To caufe extrinfically; to produce; to

Sour things ;Wwff a contra<5^ion in the nesvcs
placed in the mouth of the ftomach, which is a
great caufe of appetite. Bacjit.

Acidity, as it is not the natural ftate of the ani-
mal fluidsv but induced by aliment, is to be cured by
aliment with the contrary qualities. Ari^lbnet,

6. To introduce; to bring into view.

To exprobrate thfrir ftupidity, he inducetb the pito"
videncc of ftorks : now, if the bird had been un~
known, the illuftration had been obfcure, and (W-
exprobation not fo proper. Bronvn. ■

The poet may be feen inducing .his perfbnagfcS in
the firii lli.id, where he difcoveis (heir huinours, .
interefts, and dcdgns. Pope.

7. To bring on; to fu'perinduce ; to effeft
gradually.

Schifm is marked out by the' jpoftle as a kind of
petrifying crime, which irduccs ihat induration to
which the fearful expectation of wrath is confei^uent.

Decay of P illy ■

Ikdu'cement. n.f. [from iuduce.\ Mover
to any thing ; that which allures or
pcrfuades to any thing.

The former inducements do now much more pre- -
vail, when the very thing hath minillered further
reafon. Hctker.

Many induremints, befides Scripture, may lead
me to that, which if Scripture be againft, they are
•f no value, yet ocherwilic are ftrongly effectual to k
perfuade. llmker.

6 N 3i That

1 K©

Thtt movM me to't,
Then mirk ih" InJucemmi. Sbthff. ttmry VIII.

He \\m
Higher degree of life ; hiiueemait ftronj
for us. Milieu.

My inJurmiem hither,
Wji not at preftiit here to lind my for. Miltcn.

Inftancesappirjrofoppreflion.lo which (here appears
no inducement from thccircumdanccs of the adors.

Kogert.

IsDu'cER. n. f. [from induce. ^ A per-

fuader ; one that influenctM.
yo INDL'CT. -v. a. [induaus, Latin.]

1. To introduce ; to bring in.

The ceremonies in the gathering were firft ;V-
Jufifd by the Venetians. Sandjt's Travi/i.

z. To put into adlual poflcflion of a bene-
fice.

If a perfon thus inftituted, though not irJuStd,
takes » fecond benefice, it (hall make the firft void.
Aylijf'e'i Pareigon.
Indu'ction. »./. [indiiilhn, Vt. itidu^io,

Latin.] _ /

J . Introduftion ; entrance ; anciently 'pre-
face.

Thefe ptomiles are fair, the parties fure,
And our injuaiim full of profp'rous hope. Shakc/p.

2. JnduSlion is when, from fevcral particular
propofitions, we infer one general : as, the
doiJtrine of the Socinians cannot be proved
from thegofpels, it cannot be proved from
■the afts of the apolHes, it cannot be
proved from the epiftles, nor the book of
revelations; therefore it cannot be proved
from the New Teftament. Watts' s Logict.

The inquifition by injuction is wonderful hard ;
for the things reported are full of fables, and new
aipcriments can hardly be made but with extreme
caution. Bactn.

Mathematical things are only cap.iblc of clear de-
jnoriftration : conclufions in natural philofophy are
proved by inJxClion of experiments, things moral
by moral argunaents, and matters of fafl by credible
teftimony. nilotfon.

Although the arguing from experiments and ob-
fervations by induOion be rio demonftration of ge-
neral conclufions, yet it is the beft way of arguing
which the nature of things admits oU and maybe
<oolted upon as fo much the (Ironger by how much
the iWxfl/iiK is more general; and if no exception
.occur from phacnomeni, the condufion may be gene-
yj). Ncu'toa^i Opt.

He brought in a new way of arguing trom it-
jjudion, and that grounded upon obfervatioii and ex-

periments.

Biikfr

3. The art or ftate of taking poflcflion of an

ecclefiaftical living.
Indu'ctIVE. adj. [from indu(.'J,'\

1. Leading ; perfuaftve : with /a.

A brutifl) vice,
TnJu!t!vt mainly to the fin of Pve. Milton,

2. Capable to infer or produce.

Abatements may lake away infallible concludency
in thefe evidences of h(\, yet they may be probable
and induaivt of credibility, though not of tcicii'-e.
H.i/eU Origin of Mankind.

}- Proceeding not by demonftration, but in-

dudlion.
T'o Imdo'e- f . <J. [iudiio, Latin.}
■J. To inveft; to clothe.

One 6tll matter all,
hJu'd with various forms. MUtm.

3. It feeins fometimcs to be, even by good
writers, confounded with enJnu or inJinv,
to furniib or enrich with any quality or
excellence.

'I'lic angel, hy whom Cod indu'J the waters of
Bethefda with fupei natural virtue, w.is not feen ( yet
the angel's pretence was known by tlie waters.

Hoikcr.

Hi] pow'u, with dieadfiJ ilrengih endu'd.

I N D

To INDU'LGE. f. a. [indtilgee. Latin.]

1. To encourage by compliance.

The laiy glutton fafe at home will keep ;
Indulge his (loth, and fatten with his fleep. Dryden.

2. To fondle; to favour; to gratify with
conceflion ; to fofter. If the matter of
indulgence be a fingle thing, it has ivHh
before it; if it be a habit, it has in: as,
he indulged him/elf v/\\h a draught of 'wine ;
and, he indulged him/tlfia Jhameful drunk-

^ ennej's.

A mother was wont to indulge her J.iughters lullh
dogs, fquirrels, or birds ; but then they muft keep
them well. Locke.

To live like thoft that have their hope v\ another
life, implies that we indulge oJiiAiii in th- gratifi-
cations of this life very fpirmgly. At'erbury.

3. To grant not of right but favour.

Ancient privileges, indulged by former :- ings to
theirpeople, muft not without high reafon, be revoked
by their fuccelTort. tayUr.

The virgin trijt'ring bright, indulged the day
To the browu cave, and brulh'd the dreams away.

Dryden.

But linee among mankind (b few there are.
Who will conform to pliiloibphick fare,
This much I will indulge tht.- ;'jr thy eafe.
And mingle fometliing of oui itmes 10 pleaTe. Dryd.

My Iriend, indulge ont labour more.
And feek Atrides. Pope't Odyjfey.

Yet, yet a moment, one dim ray ot light
Indulge, dread chaos and eternal night ! Pofe.

To Indu'lge. -v. n. [A Latinifm not in
ufc.] To be favourable; to give indul-
gence : with /o.

He muft not, by indulging ta one fort of reprovc-
able difcourfe himfclf, deleat his endeavours againft
the reft. Got'. 'Tongue.

iNOUi-GtNCE. ) ». /. [indulgence. It.

Indulgency. J from indulge.]

1. Fondnefs ; fond kind nefs.

Rcftraint fbc will not brook ;
And left to hcrfclt, if evil ihence enfue.
She firft his weak indulgence will accufe. Mi/ton.

The glories of our ille.
Which yet like golden ore, umipe in beds,
Expect the warm indulgcrcy ot Iieaven, Dryden.

2. t orbearance ; tendernefs : oppofuc to
rigour.

They err, that through indulgence to others, or
fondncts to any lin in themlclvcs, lubllitute for repen-
tance any thing lels. Hammond on Vundameittali.

In known images of life, 1 j;mrfs
The labour greater, as th' indulgence lefs, Pope.

3. Favour gr.inted; liberality.

If all theic graciriis i«*3'i//^ffr/<'* are without any
effe^on us, we muft perilh 111 our own folly. Rogers.

^. Grant of the church of Rome, not de-
fined by thcmfclves.

'I'hou, that giv'ft whores indulgences to (in,
I'llcanvafs ihec. Sliaif/p. ilcnrj VI.

Indulgences, dfpenfet, pardons, bulls.
The fport of winds. Millon.

In purgiitory, indulgences, and fupererogatioii, the
affcrlors fecm to be unanimous in nothing but profit.

D. cay of Fie f.

Leo X. is dcfervedly infamous for his bale proiti-

K.\ii\ociQiindulginces. Attcrhury,

Indo'lcent. adj. [indulgent, Fr. indul-

gens, Lai in.]

1. Kind ; gentle ; liberal.

Ciod has dune all for us that the mod Indulgent
Cieaior could do lor the work of his hands. Koueri.

2, Mild; favourable.

Hereafter fuch in ihy behalf (hall be
Th' Indulgent tenfi,re o( p. fterily. W-illn.

7. Graiifying; favouring; giving way to:
with of.
The treble olJ, Indulgent of their eafe. tiryd.
iNnu'LGsNTLY. iidti. [from indulge«t.'\
Without fcverity; without cenfure; with-
out fclf rcjproach; with indulgence.

I ND

He that not only ccmmits fome a£laf lio, btitlirei
indulgently la 11, it n;vcr to be counted a regenerate
man. H.immond.

Lvdu'lt. ) tt. f. [Ital. and French.]
Indulto. f Privilege or exemption.
To I'NDURATE. -v. ». [indun. Latin.]
To grow hard; to harden.

Stones within the earth at firft are but rude earth
or clay ; and fo minerals come at lirrt of juices con-
crete, which afterwards indurate. Bacon's Nat. Hi/I.
That plants and ligneous bodies may indurate under
water without approacbmcnt of air, we have expert.;
ments in coralines. Brown's Vulgar Errours.

To 1'ndur.ate, v. a.

i , To make hard.

A contra^ed indurated bladder is a circumftaace
fometimcs attending on the ftone, and indeed an ex-
traordinary duiigcrous one. Sharp's Surgery.

1. To harden the mind; to fear the confci-

ence.
Indura'tion n.f [from [indurate.']

1 . The ftate of growing hard.

This is a notable mftance of condenfation »n<
induration, by burial uodef earth, in caves, for a
long time. _ Bacon.

2. '1 he aft of hardening.

3. 01)duracy ; hardnefs of heart.

Schifm is marked out by the apoftle as a kind of
petrifying crime, which induces that induration to
which the fearful expedlatioo of wrath is confe-
Suent. Decay of Piety,

INDUS'TRIOUS. adj. [ind,firiet,x, Fr.
indtijirius, Lat.]

1. Diligent; laborious; afliduous : oppofed
lojlothful.

Frugal and inditftrious men are commonly friendly
to the eftabliflied government. Temfle.

2. Laborious to a particular end : oppoiite
to remijs.

He himftlf, being excellently learned, and /'«-
di/Jlvious to leek out the truth of all things con-
cerning the original of his own people, hath fet
down the teftimony of the ancients truly. Sfinjer,

Let our juft cenfurcs
Attend the true event, and put we on
Indvjlricus foldierfhip. Shakefpeare.

His thoughts were low :
To vice indujitious', but to nobler deeds
Timorous .ind lloihful. Miltun.

3. Defigned; done for the purpofe.

The indtJprious perforaiion of the tendons «f
the fecond joinis of fingers and toej, draw the ten-
dons of the third joints throujjh. Mere*
Obfervc carefully all the events which happen ei-
ther by an occafional concurrcnct of various caufes,
or by the indujirious application of knowing men.

IValts on the Mind.
Indu'strtousi.y. ad'V. [from ia.iujlriouf.]

1. With habitual diligence ; not idiv.

2. Diligently; laborioiifly ■; afliduouily.

G:eat Britain was never before united under one
king, notwiihftanding that the uniting had been in-
dujirioujly attempted both by war and peace. Bacon.

3. Set for the purpofe; with delign.

Some friends to vice induflricufiy defend
Th':fe innocent divcrfions, and pretend
'I hit I the tricks of youth too roughly blame. Drii,
I am not under the neceflity of declaring mylcil,
and I indujleioujly cnnceal my name, which wholly
exempts me from auy hopes and tears. S\oifi.

I'nduSTRY. ». /. [indufirit, Fr. indufina,
Lat.] Diligence; afliduity, habitual or
aftual laborioofnefs.

The fweat oi indujlry would dry and die,
But for the end it work:> to. Sbakefpeare' s Cyjni,

See the laborious bee
F«r little drops ot honey flee,

And there with humble fweeti content ixcr indu^ry.

Cit-iuiey.

Providence would only initiate mankind into the
ufeful knowledge of her treafurca, leaving the reft
to employ our indujiry, (bat we might not live like
idle loiierert. Ato-t,

r»

/

I N E

To INETIRIATE. -v. a. [wehrit, Latin.]
To intoxicate ; to make drunk.

Wine fugared Intinaitih lefs ihan wine pure:
fops in wine, quantity for quantity, inririari! more
than wine of il'elf. Bacon,

Fifti, entering far In »ai meeting with the fiefli
water, zi if ineBriairJt turn up their bellies and are
taken. Sandys.

7'« Ine'briate. a-, n. To grow drunk j
to be in io ated.

At Conllantinople, filh, that come from the Euxine
fta into (he frelh water, do iiifiriate and turn up
their bcliies, fo as you may take them with your
hand. Bacan.

IkebrI a'tioN. t>, /. [ from inebriate. ]
Drunkennefs ; intoxication.

That cornelians and bloodflones may he of vir-
tue, experience will mske us grant; but not i hut an
amcthytt prevents i>£"^f/a//«r. Bfotvn.

Infffabi'lity. w./. [{romifrf_ff'able.] Un-

fpeakablenefs.
Ike'ffablE. aJj. [ineffable. Ft. ineffabilis,

Lar.] Unfp'jakable ; unutterable; not

to be cxpreffed. It is ufed almoft always

in a good fenfe.

To whom the Son, with calm afpeft, and clear,
Light'ning divine, iJi'_^aWf, feiene I
Made anfwcr. Milton.

Reflect upon a clear, unblotlcd, acquitted coofci-
encc, and feed upon the ineffable comforts of the
memorial ot a conquered temptation. S^jUth.

Ijit'FPABLY. adv. [from ineffable.^ In a
manner not to be exprefled.

He all his father full »prcfs'd.
Ineffably into his face rcceiv'd. Milion.

iMEFFt'cTiVE. <idj. [iae£e3if, Fr. »« and
iffc^ive.^ That which can produce no
cffeft ; unaftive; inefficient; ofelefs.

As the body, without blood, is a dead and lifefefs
truiik ; fo is the word of God, without the fpirit, a
dead and intfftBhie letter. 7aytor.

He that illures himfclf he never errs, will always
err, and \in prduiuption will rciider all attempts to
inform him ineffciiivf. Clanvillr.

Ineffe'ctual. adj. [in and iiiefeitual.\
Unable to produce in proper cffed ;
weak ; wanting power.

The publick reading of the Apocrypha they con-
demn as a thing eftedual unto evil : the bare reading
even ot Scriptures thcmfdvestlKy |niflike,ua thing
inrffeHida! to do good. Ihrok.

The death of Patroclus, joined to the offer of
Agamemnon, which of itfell had proved ineffi final.

fojie.
Iveffe'ctually. adv. [itom iKeffeiiucl.\

Without effeft.
Ineff'i-ctualness n.f. [Uomi>,effe:}ual.\
Inefficacy ; want of power to perform the
proper efFett.

Si. lame? fpeaks of the ineffenujlnifi of fomt
men's devotion; Ye aft, and receive not^becaufe je
ant amifs. lyakc.

Ineffica'cious. adj. [incfficau, Fr. ./;-
effitax, Latin.] Unable to produce eftcfts ;
weak ; feeble. Inff^aual ratlier denotes
an adlual failnre ; and irrff.camm, an ha-
biiml impotence to any efTeCL

It not that better ihtn always to have the rod in

hand, and, by ttrquent ufe, mifappty and render in-

tfftcaiiuui this ufelyl remedy ? Luke.

iHt'FFiCACY. n J. [in and efficacia, Lat.]

Want of power; wantofeffeft
Ifft'i-rcANCE. \ „. J. [from
Ike'lfcak-" •■ "

' C E . I //.
«CY. /

itilLgant. ]

Abfcncc of beauty ;
want of elegance.
1NE[I.F.GAM. adj. [iKflrgam, Lat.]
I. N'ot Ucoming ; not beautiful ; oppufite
xaeUgant.

I N E

What order, fo contriv'd as not to mix
Taftes not welljoin'd inelegant, but bring
Tafte after tille, upheld with kindlieft changf.

Milion.
This very variety of fea and l:nd, bill and d.ile,
which is here reputed fo inelegant and unbecoming,
is indeed extremely charming and agreeable.

^Vaod'ujard,

2. Wanting ornament of language.

Modern criticks, having never read Homer, but
in low and inelegant iranUations, impute the me»n-
nefs ot the tranllation to the poet. Broome.

Ine'loquent. adj. [in and eloquens, Lat.]
Not perfuafive ; not oratorical ; oppofite
to eloquent.
Ine'pt. adj. [ineptut, Lat.]
I. Trifling; foolifli.

The works of Nature, bein» neither ofelefs nor
i«'{>i, mud be guided by fome principle ol knowledge.

M.>e.
After their various unfuccefsful ways.
Their fruitlefj labour, and inefi elTays,
No caufj: of thefe appearances they'll hnd,
But power exerted fay tli' Eternal Mind. BUckm'rre.

3. Unfit for any purpofe; ufelefs.

When the upper and vegetative ftratum was once
wafhed off by rains, the hills would have betonie
barren, the llrata bcjow yielding only mere Ifcrilc
matter, fuch as wai wholly itie^t aad improper for
the formation of vegetables. It'i/oJvjjrd,

Ine'ptly. adi>. [inefti.lM.] Triflingly ;
foolifhly; unfitly.

None of them arc made foolilhly or ineptly.

. More.

AH things were at firft difpofed by an omnifcient
intelleft, that cannot contrive ineptly. GlaHville.

Ine'ptitudj:. tt. f. [from mefiut, Lat.J
Unfitnefs.

The grating and rubbing of the axes againft the
fockeis, wherein they arc placed, will caufc fome in-
tfiiludt or refiflency (o the rotation of the cylinder.

Wilkin,.

An omnipotent agent works infallibly and itrc-
(iliibly, no inrfiiiuJe or ftubbornncfs of the matter
bemg ever able to hinder him. Ray on the Great.

There is an iniftimJc to mouoo from too yeat

'snfion. Arbuthnot.

Ineqj-'a'lity. n. f. [inegalite, Fr. from

ina-qualitas dttiA inaqualis, Latin.]
I. Difference of comparative quantity.

There is fo great an inejuaiiiy in the the length of
our legs and arms, a makes u impotfible for us to
walk on all four. Ray.

2. Unerennefs ; interchange of higher
and lower parts.

The country is cut into fo many hills and ine-
^ualititi as renders it defenfible. .dddi/on on Italy.

The glafs fecmed well wrought ; yet when it was
quicJcfilvered, the reflexion difcovercd innumerable
inequalitiei all over the glafs. Neu'tr.n't Opticks.

It there were no int qualities in the furfacc of the
earth, nor in the feafoiis of the year, we (hould lofe a
con&dcrable Ihare of the vegetable kingdom, fioitl.

3. Difproportion to any office or purpofe ;
ftate of not being adequate ; inadeqaate-
nefs.

The great inejuaJily of all thing! to the appetites

I of a rational foul appears from thi,, that in all worldly

I things a man hnds not half the pleafure in the aftual

polletfun that he propofedin theexpeftation. Souii.

4. Change of ftate; unlikelinefsof a thing
to itfelf ; difference of temper ot quality.

lo fome places, by the n.iiure of .lie earth, and by
, the lituation of woods and hills, t!ie air is more un-
equal than in oiherij and i/iryva//y of air is ever
an enemy to health. Bacon.

5. Difference of rank or flaiion.

If fo finall iiiefualiiy between roan and man make,

in Ihcm modefty a commendable virtue, who .-efpeift-

. ing fuperiors as fuperiors, can neither fpe.ik nor P. and

' before them without fear. H'jotn.

In ER R A bi'lity. »./. [from inerreible.] Ex-
emption from error; iiifaliibjlity.

I N E

I can»ot allow their wifdom fuch a completenefa .
and inirrabiliiy as to exclude myfelf from judging.
, , „. _ A'/'r» Charles.

INE'RRABLE. adj. [/« and err.] Exempt
from errour.

We have conviiSion from reafon, ordecifions from
the inerrable and requifite conditions of fciife. •

Brcu'n.

Infallibility and inerrahlenefs is alTumed by the

Romilh church, without any inerrable ground l»

build it on. Hammond.

Inerrableness. ». /C [from inerrable^]

Exemption from error.

Infallibility and inerrablfntfs is aflumed and in
clofed by the Romifh church, wirhout any inerrable
ground to build it on. Hammonel on Faxdamemals.
Ine'rrably. ad'v. [from inerrable.^ With

fecurity from errour; infallibly.
iNE'RRINCLY.Cifo. [imxidi crrivg.^ M'ith-
out errour; without miftake; without
deviation.

That divers limners at a diftancc, without c»fy,
(hould draw the fame pifture, j« more conceivable,
than that matter (hould trame itfelf ioinerringly ac-
cording to the idea of its kind. GlanviUe
INE'RT. adj. [iners, Lat.] Dull; flug-
gifh ; motionlefs. ■

Body alone, inert and brute, you'll find ;
The caufe of all things is by you affign'd. BUctm.

Informer of the planetary train I
Without whofe quickening glance their cumb'rojt

orbs
Were brute unlively mafs, inert and de«d. Thomfm,
Ine'rtly. ad<v. [from imrt.'\ SluggiHily ;
dully.

Ye pow'rs,
Sufpend a while your force inertly ftrong. Dunciai.
Inesca'tion. v. f. [in and ejca, Latin.]
The aft of baiting. /J,;f/,

Ine'stimable. a<^-. [ineftimabk, Fr. /»<■/?/-
mabilis, I at.] Too valuable to be rated i
tranfcending all price. \

1 thought 1 f«w a thoufand fearful wrecks, ^

A thoufand men that fiiliesgnaw'd upon ;
Wedges of gold, great anchors, heaps of pearl,
IneJIitnable {kmti, unvalu'd jewels. .SVui. R. Hr.
The pope thereon took advantage, abufing the
(implicity of the king to fuck out in^imable fums of
money, to the intolerable grievance of both tlie
clergy and temporality. Abht,

There we (hall fee a fight wortliy dying for, that
blelTcd Saviour, of whom the Scripture does l« ex-
cellently entertain us, and who does fo highly dc-
ferve of us upon the fcore of his infinite perfcc1ions»
and his inrjiimable benefits. BojU,

And (hall this prize, th' imjiimahle prize,
On that rapacious hand lor ever blaze ! Vcpe.

I.ne'vident. adj. [inevidtnl, Fr. in nnd
evident.-] Not plain ; obfcure. Not in
ufe.

The habit of faith in divinity is an argument of

things unfecn, and a liable alTcnt unto things inc-vl.

dent, upon authority of the divine revealer. Bro%un,

IneVITABi'lity. n.f. [from inenjitable.l

Impoffibility to be avoided; certainty.

By liberty, I do underftand neither a liberty fronj
fm, mifery, fervilude, nor violence, but from ne-
tcflity, or rather neceilitatioii ; that is, an univcrfal
immanity from all /^ev//^^////j» and dr.-te)minarioii
'oone. B'ambitll araiKll UUbei '

INE'VITABLE. adj. [:nr^'itnb.c. Vr.ine.
ittabilis,Lat.] Unavoidable; not, to be
efcaped.

I had a pafs with him: l;c gives me tlie (iuckin
with fucli a mortal motion, that it is inrviiaile.

Sbake/peare's T-welj:h Night.
Fate inevitable
SjSduesus. _ Mlhon,

Since my inevitable death you know,
1 You fafely unavailing pity/how. Drydm's .iKr.tig.
Ine'vitably. ad'v. [from .ni-^ilai/,e,\
V/ithout poffibiliijy ot ejcapci

IN El

IHit (Jay ifcou«a«'ft thereof, my fol«commaii4 ,

. X"''%r«'*' i'tmitaily ihou (hall die. Mlll'm.

How iittviitilj does ao immoderate laughter enJ

in a figh ! South.

If ihey look no fuither than the nex^ Une, it will

Jjitvita6Jy follow, that they citn drive to no certain

\ point. Drydta.

Inflammations of the botvels oft ixmilably tend to

ibe rujn of the whole. HarvtyonOmfumf^im.

Ifour fenfe of hearing were exalted, weliiould have

no qfiict or deep in the fllentcll nights, and we mufl

' iiiryitntih be ftrickea deaf or dead wiih a cUp of

thunder. ' Brntley.

Inexcu'sable. adj. [iittxcu/alle, Fr. iiiex-

cu/abilis, Lat, in and excufabUS] Not to

be excufed; not to be palliated by apo-

■ logy-
It is a temerity, and a folly iruxcufahlt, to de-
liver upourfelves needlcfsly into another's power.
. 1 1 ' ' £' EJlrange.

, At we are an idanA with ports and navigable feas,
we (hould be inexcujuble if we did not make thefe
frlelBiigs turn to account. Addifm's Frtiheldcr.

Such a favour could only render them more ob-
durate, and more inexcufaUt : it would inhancc
their guilt. Alttrl/wy.

If Icaraiog be not encouraged under your admi-
tiifttatioo, you are the molt iitcxcufabU perfon alive.

A fallen woman is the more itttxcufabU^ as, from

(h< cradle, the lex is warned againft the ddufions of

men. Oarijfa.

lNSXCtj'sABLENESS.>r./.[fromrWXfff/fli/<'.]

Enormity beyond forgivenefs or pallia-
tion.

Their InexrufaHtnrfs is dated upon the fuppoG-
tion that they knew Gud|.but did not gloilfy him.

Simh.

Inexcu'sably^ aJv. [from inexcufabk.^
To a degree of guil: or fglly beyond ex-
cufc.

It will inexevfabJy condemn fome men, who hav.

ing received excellent eodowmenti, yet have fruf-

trated the intention. Brnun.

I N E X H A 'l A B I. E . <7i3j^'. [/» and exhale. ] That

which cannot evaporate.

A new laid egg will not fo eafily be boiled hard,
fceeaufe it conuios a great iluck of humid part^,
which muft be evaporated before the heat can bring
the imxhulubU parts into cotifittence. Broiin.

Inexha'usted. a<^'. [;■« and exhaujied.^
Uneinptied ; not poffible to be emptied.

So wert thou born into a tuneful Drain,
An early, rich, and imxbaujied vein. Dryden.

Imexha'vstible. adj. [in vn^exhauftihU.']
Not to be drawn all away ; not to be
ipent.

Re6e£l on the variety of combinations which may
be made with number, whofe Hock is InexhuufiibUy
and truly infinite. Locke,

The rtock that the mind has in its power, by
■varying the idea of fpace, is perfeflly intxhaujilblt,
and fo it can multiply figures in injinitum. JLukc.
Imexistent. adj. \_in and exijient.]

1. Not having being \. not to be found in
nature.

To exptefs completed fingnifications, they took a
liberty to compound and piece together creatures of
allowable form^ into mislures intxifimt. Broiun.

2. Exifting in foinething elfe. This ufe is
rare.

We doubt whether thefe heterogeneities be fo

much as imx'ificnt in the concrete, whence they are

obtained. Boyle.

Inexi'stenCe .»./ [/■» and exijlence. ] Want

of being; want of exiftence.

He calls up the heroes of former ages from a (late
tMMxiJIenct to adorn and diveifify his poem.

Brocmt en the Odyffey.
Inexorable, eulj. [inexorable, Fr. inexora-
tilii, Latin.] Not to be intieated not
to be moved by iatre»ty.

I NE

You irc-more inhumaji, more Ixrxtroble,
Oh ten times more, than lygers of Hyrcania !

Siah/feare.

hexorai/e dog ! Staie/f. Mei cbani ofyemci.

The fcourge

I ^ofjTord.V.c'll 0.11 to penance. Milton.

The guelts invited came.

And with the reft th' inexor/jble dame. Dtyden.

Th' incx'jrjble gates were barr'd.
And ncughc was feen, and nought was heard,
But dreadful gleams, fhrieks of woe. Pofe.

Wican be deal to the wordsoffo fweet a charmer.
And inexfirable to all his invitations. Rogers.

Inexpe'dience. ) n. J. [in and ill, xfedi-
Inexpe'diency. 1 e/icy.] Want of iit-
nefs ; propriety; unfuitablenefs to time
or place ; inconvenience.

It coiicerneth fupeiiors to look well to the expe-
diency and imxfedicitcy oS what they enjuin in m-
difTerent things. Hattderjon.

In EXP e'o 1 e NT. adj. [;'« and expedient. } In-
convenient; unfit; improper; unfuitable
to- time or place.

It is not inexpedieKt they Oiould be known to come
from a peifon altogether a Itranger to chymical atfairs.

Boyle.

We (hould be prepared not only with patience to

bear, but to receive with thankfulnefs a repulfe, if

Cod fhould fee them to be inexpedient. Smalridge.

IneXPe'rienCE. ». /. [ittexperience, Fr. in
and experietice.'\ Want of experimental
knowledge ; want of experience.

Thy words at random argue thine inexperience.

Miltin.

Prejudice and felf-fuffiticncy naturally pro»;eed

from iiexfeiience of the world, and ignor.ince of

mankind. Addif^n.

Inexpe'rifnced. adj. \_inexfertus , Lat.]

Not experienced.
Inexpe'rt. adj. [inexpertus, Lat. in and
expert.] Unfrcilful; unfkilled.

The raceeled^ advance
Through the wild dcfcrt ; not the readieft way.
Left ent'ring on the Canaanite alarm 'd,
War terrify ihcm inexpert. Milton.

In letters and in ia^vs
Not itiextmrt. Prior.

INE'XPIABLE. adj. inexpiable. Fr. \Jnex-

fiabilis, Lat.]
I . Not to be atoned,
z. Not to be mollified by atonement.

Ljvc feeks to have love :
My love how could'li thou ho[:e, who tnok'ft the way
To raife in me inexpiable liate ? Milton^i Atoniji.
Ine'xpiably. (id'V. \ixota inexpiable J\ To
a degree beyond atonement.

Excurfions are inexpiably bad.
And 'tis much fafer to leave out than add. Rofctm.
InexpleaBLY. fli/i;. [in and expleo, Lat.]
Infatiably. A word not in ufe.

What were thefe harpies but flatterers, delators,
and the inexfieably covetous? Handyi's Travel).

Ine'xplICABLe. adj. [inexplicable, Yt. in
and explica, Lat.] Incapable of being ex-
plained ; not to be made intelligible ; not
to be difentangled.

What could fuch apprehcnfions breed, but, as their
nature is, incxpiicabte palTions of mind, dcfires ab-
horring what they embrace, and embracing what
they abhor ? Hooter.

To me at leaft this feems inexplicable^, if light be
nothing elfe than proffion or motion propagated
through ether. Nevian.

None eludes fagacious reafon nure,
Than this obfcure inexplicable pow'r. Bljckmore.

Ine'xplic ABLY. odv. [ftom inexplicable. "[
In a manner not to be explained.
Inexpre'ssible. adj. [in and exprefi."] Not

to be told) not to be uttered^ usuttcr-

abte»

Thus when in ocbs
Of circuit /««/>iv^iy/ll)cj Itnod, , , ■ j i, "

Oib within oib. Miiim's ParitJi/e tcjl.

Nothing can fo pcculiaily graiity the [>oble dtfpti-
fitions ot human naiure, at for one man lo (ttt i\\fx* :
ther lo much himlclf as lu figh his gric;;, .-;i.o ^ruani
his pains, to ling his jo^s^-auti ooana tc-ic^ery iliir.g
by fympaihy ai.d fecrti i«^r^r>//7.i/rconimunica(iuns.

Sou:b.
The true CihI had no certain name given to hioii;
for taiher, and Cj'jd, and Creator, are but titles
arifing fiom his woiks; aiul God is not a t:aine, but
a notion ingrafted in human naiure of an /'/wx/^-^/ii^
being. Siiilingjini.

There is an inimitable grace in Virgil's words :
and in them principally contilts that beauty, whiclV
gives fo intxprejjihle a pleafuie lu him who beft
utideritands tlieir force: ihisdidlion of his is never
to be copied. Dryden.

Inexpressibly, adv. [fiom inexpre£iule.]
To a degree or in a manner not to be ut-
tered ; unutterably.

God will proie^ and reward all his faithful fer.
vants in a manner and meafaie inexprejjibly abun*
danN H.imH.»ni,

He began to play upon it : the found was exceed-'
ing I'weei, and wrought into a variety of tuacs that
were ini-xprejjibly melodious. AdJifon't Spec},

Inexpu'gnable. adj. [inexpugnable, Fr.
inexpugnabilis , \m..\ impregnable; not
to be taken by aiJault ; not to be fub-
dued.

Why (hould there be implanted in each fex filch
a vehement and inexpugnable apfeiite of copula*
tion ? Ray.

Inextinguishable, adj. [inextiiignibte,
Fr. in and exiinguo, Lat.J Unquenchable. .
Pillars, Itatues, and other memorials, ar% a fort of
of fhadow of an en.ilels lite, and fl.ow an inixiin-
^uijijubic dcllre which all men have ol it. Crete.
In EX IRIC ABLE. adj. [inextricable, Fr. /«-
extricabilis, Lat. ] Not to be difintangled ;
not to be cleared ; not to be fet itte. from
obfcurity or perplexity.

He that Ihould tve inextricable knots, only to
bafHe the induftry ot thole that Ihould attempt to
unloofe them, would be thought not to have I'ervr4
his gcnetation. Decay of Piety.

Stopt by awful heights, and gulphs immeule
Of wifdom, and of vail omnipotence.
She trembling ftands, and does in wonder gaze.
Loll in the wild inextricable maze. HUckinerf.

Men are led into inextricable mazes by fctting up
themlelves as judges of the world. Sherlock.

Inextricably, ad'v. [ix<yca inextricable. \
To a degree of perplexity not to be difC
entangled.

The mechanical alheift, though you grant him
his laws of mechanifm, is nevcrtliclcfs iistxlricatiy
puszled and baffled with tite &rll formation uf ani-
mals. Bemliy,

In vain they ftrive ; Ih' intangling fnates deny.
Inextricably firm, the power to Hy. Pope's UdyJ/ey,
To Ine'yb. "v. ti. [in and eye.] To inocu-
late ; to propagate trees by the iniition of
a bud into a foreign ftock.

Let fage experience teach thee all the arts
Of gralting and ineyeing. Phillips.

Infallibi'lity. ) n, /. [infallibiliti ■
Infa'li.ibleness. J Fr. from infalli-
ble.] Inerrability; exemption from errour.

InfaltibiliiyK the highcft pcrfedlion of the know-
ing faculty, and conleijutntly the htmefl degree of
affent. lillotjstt.

InFa'llible. adj. [infallible, Fr. iti and
fallible.] Privileged from etrour; inc»J
pable of miftake ; not to be milled or de-
ceived ; certain. Uied both of perfons. j
and things.

Every caule admitteth not fuch infallible evidence
of proof, as Iciivclh no pofUbilit}- ot doubt or fcrupte
behind it, Haoke*.

Sdyve

I N F

Believe my worils ; t

for they arecenain and infaWklr. ShtJt. II. VI.

The fuccefs is certain and infallitle, and none

ever yet mifcarried in ihe attempt. South.

iNFA'tLlBLY. adv. [(rom infallible .]

1. Without danger from deceit; with fe-
curity from errour.

We cannot be as God, mfallibh knowing good
•"if"'-. Sma'liij^'sScrmont.

2. Certainly.

Oiir blefled Lord has diftinSly opened the fcene of
futurity to us, and dire£led us to fuch a conduft as
will infallihly render us happy in it. Rogers.

?«Infa'me. 1). a. [infamer, Fr. infamo,
Lat.J To reprefent to difadvantage; to
defame; to cenfure publickly; to make
infamous; to brand. To defame \% now
ufed.
Livi* is itifameiioc the poifoning of her huftiand.

Bacon.
Hitherto obfcur'd, infjm'd,
And thy fair fruit let hang, as to no end
Created. ^ Milln.

I'NFAMOUS. adj. [infame, infamant. Fr.
infamis, Lat.] Publickly branded with
guilt ; openly cenfured ; of bad report.
Thofe that be near, and thofe that be far from
•thee, Ihall mock thee, which art infamous. Ez^rk.

Thcle are as fome ttfttmout bawd or whore
Should praife a matron ; what cguld hurt her more ?

Ben fonjan.

After-times will difpufe it, whether Hotham were

tnortiirfameui U Hullorat Tower-hill. AT. Charles.

Perfons itifumous, or branded in any publick court

of judicature are forbidden to be advocates. Ayliffe.

I'n FAMOUSLY, adv. [from infamous.'\

1. With open reproacn ; with publick noto-
riety of reproach.

2. Shamefully ; fcandaloudy.
That poem was infamiujly bad. Dry den's DufreJ.

• 1 n.f. \ittfamie, Vx. in fa-
i mia, Latin.] Publick

I'nF AMOUtMf.SS
I'NFAMy

reproach ; notoriety of bad charafter,

Ye arc taken up in the lips of talkers, and are the
JB/i/iy of the people. \ £af,t. xxivi. 3.

The noble ille doth want her proper limbs.
Her face defac'd with fears of infamy. Shakeft.

Wilful perpetrators of unworthy anions, brand

with moft indelible charailers of infamy, their name

and memory to pofterity. King Charles

1'n FANCY, n.f. [infantia, I.atin.J

I. The firft part of life. Ufually extended

by naturalifts to feven years.

Dare we affirm it was ever his meaning, that unto
«heir falvalion, who even from their lender infancy
never knew any other faith or religion than only
Chriflian, no kind of teaching can be available
faving that which was fo needful for the firil univet-
fal coovetlioo o) Gentiles, hating Chriftijoiiy >

_. . , JJoiker.

^^ Firiih4us came t' attend

TKis worthy Thefeus, his familiar friend !
"il'hcir love in early infancy began.
And rofe as childhood ripen'd into man. Dryden.
The infenfible impreflions on our lender injan.
tia have very important and lafting confequences.
■ V>. .... Locke,

3. Civil infancy, extended by the Englilh
law to one and twenty years.

3. Firrt .ige of any thing; beginning; ori-
ginal; commencement.

In Spain our f^rlngJ, like old men's child-en, be
Pecay'd and wiiher'd from ihrir Infancy. Dryden
The difference between ihe riihes ot R man ci-
tizens in the infancy apj in the grandeur ol kume,
null af»pear by com,aiing ihe firll valuation of ertaiei
with the ellaits ahtrwatds poffeffed. A, Lmhnot

Ikta'nci h h f. or l-h,gfa>:glbeff, or i«fang.
if>e'f, is compjundcd of three ^axon
word': tlie prcpoficiorty/r,/?//^, or foug,
to take or cai>.h, and /ief. it ftgnifiet
» privilege or liberty granted unto lords

INF

of certain tnanours to judge any thief taken
within their fee. Ccwel.

I'nfant. u.f. [enfant, Fr. infans, Lat.]
I. A child from the birth to the end of the
feventh year.

It being a part of their virtuous education, ferveth
grearty both to nourifti In them the fear of God, and
to put us in continual remembrance of that powerful
grace, which openeth the mouths of infants to found
his praife. Hoohr.

There (hall be no more thence an infant of days,
nor an old man that hath not filled his djys.

Ifa. liv. 20.

Young mothers wildly ftare, with fear poffeft,
And Itrain th'^ir helplefs infants to their breaft.

Dryden' s MLn.

z. [In law.] A young perfon to the age of

one and twenty.
I'nfant. adj. Not mature; in a ftatc of
initial iinperfedlion.

Within the Infant rind of this fmall flower
Poifon hath lefidence, and medicine power. Sbak.

Firft the fhnll found of a fmall rural pipe.
Was entertainment for the Infant (lage . Rofcommon.

In their tender nonage, while they fpread
Their fpringing leaves and lift their in/ant head.
Indulge their childhood. Dryden's VlrgU.

INFA'STA. n. f [SpanilTi.] A prince!^

defcended fromthe royal blood of Spain.
Infa'n rtciDE, n. f. [infanlicide, Fr. I'tfan-
ticidium, Lat.] The flaugbtcr of the in-
fants by Herod.
I'nfantile. adj. [infantilis, Lat.] Per-
taining to an infant.
The fly lies all the winter in ihefe balls in its in-
fantile ftate, and comes not to its maturity 'till the
following fpring. Derham.

I'nfantrt. v. f. [infanlerie, Fr.] The
foot foldiers of an army.

The principal ftrength of an army confifteth in the

infantry or foot ; and to make good infantry it re-

quireth men bred in forae free and plentiful manner.

Bacon's Henry VII.

That fmall infantry

Warr'd on by cranes. Milton.

ON. ». /. [/« and fareia, Lat.J
Stuffing ; conftipation.

An hypochondriack confumption Is occafioned by
an infarilion and obllruflion of the fpleen. Harvey

IV F

IiiPAns-ri'vcs. »./ [from In/a •i/f:/s, Latjo.
The aft of making unlucky. An odd
and inelegant word.

As the king did in fome part remove the envjr
from himfelf, fo he did not obfcrve, that hr did
wuhal bring a kind of malediaion and infaifliirg
Upon the marriage, as an ill prognoflick. Bacon,

Infe'asible. adf [in znd feaf Me.] i<A-
pradicable; not to be done.

This is fo difficult and infeafile, that it tnar
well drive modefty to defpair of fcience. Glanville.

To INFE'CT. 'V. a. [infeaer,. ^t.infeauii
Latin.] '

f. To aft upon by contagion ; to affeft
with communicated qualities ; to hurt by
contagion ; to taint; to poifon ; to boU
lute.

One of thofe fantaflical mind /»/eSc</ people, that
children and muficians call lovers. Sidney.

Thine eyes, fweet lady, have infeacd mmt..

Si.-,kff,.
The nature of bad news infe3s the teller. Siake/p,
Ev'ry day
It would infecl his Speech, that if the king
Should without ifliie die, he'd carry itfo
To make the fceptre his. Siake/fi.Hemy Vlll.

InfCied minds
To their deaf pillows will difcharge their fccrtls.

S&ate/},.

She fpeaks poinards, and every word ftabs : jf her

breath were as terrible as her terminations^ there

were no living near hcrj (he would infeO to the

north ftar. Wtfij^.

1 am return'd yourfoldicr ;
No more infeSl.'d with my country's love.
Than when I parted hence. Slakefi,

The love-tale
lifelhd Sion's daughters with like heat.

In

a. [infattio, from in

To Infa'tuate. 11,

and fatuus, Latin; infattur, French.] To
ftrike with folly ; to deprive of under-
ftanding.

The judgment of Cod will be very vifible in infa.
tuating a people, as ripe and prepared for deftruClion,
into lolly and madnefs, making the weak to contri-
bute to ihe defiini of the wicked; and fjffiriiig e>en
thofe, out of a confcieuce of their guilt, to grow more
wicked. Clarendon.

ll is the reforming of the vices and fottiftincfs that
had long overfprtad the infatuated gentile world ;
a prime branch of that defign of Chrill's fending his
difciples. Hammond.

May hypocrites,
That llily fpeak one thing, another think.
Drink on unwarii'd, 'till by inchanting cups
Infatuate, they their wily thought! difclofe. Phllllft.
'I'he people are fo univerlally Infatumed with the
notionj that if a cow falls fick, it is ten to one but an
old woman isclapi up in prifon for It.

Addifon on Italy.

The carriage of our atheifts or deills is amazing :

no dotage fo infatuate, no phtcnfy fo extravagant as

ti.eirs. htnttey

Infatua't/on. n.f. [from infattiate.]
'1 he aft of ftriking with folly; depriva.
tion of reafon.

Where men give ihemfclves over to the defence of
wicked inicreits, and falfe propofitions, 11 is juitwlth
God (o fmite the greatefl abilities with the greatert
ittfaluittinn. South.

MIlttH;

To fill with foinething hurtfuUy cpntar
gious. -■

/'j/eflfi/ be the air whereon they ride;
And damn'd all thofe that trull them ! Shakefp.

Infection, n.f. [infeilion, Fr. infeHio,
Latin.] Contagion ; mifchief by com-
munication ; taint; poifon.

InfElion is that manner of communicating A
difeafe by fome effluvU, or particles which fly off
from dlftempered bodies, and mixing with the
juices of others, occafion the fame diforders as in
the bodies they came from. ^uincy.

What a ftrange infeHion
Is fall'n into thy ear ! Siakefp. Cymbeline,

The blelTcd gods
Purge all iifeHions from our air, whilll you
Do climate here. Siakefp. IVinttr's Tale,

Vouchfafc, diflfus'd infnion of a man.
For thefe known evils, but to give me leave,
By citcumftjnce, tocutfe thy curfed fclf. Sbakcfp,

Hence,
Left that ih' infeifUon of his fortune take
Like hold on thee. Shakefp. King Lean,

The tranfmiflion or emidion of the thinner ani^
more airy parts of bodies, as in odours and inf&ionst
i , of all the reft, the moft corporeal; but withal
there be a number of thofe emiflions, both whole-
fome and unwholcfomc, that give no fmclt at all.

Bacon,
Infectious, adj. [from infeil.l Con-
tagious ; influencing by communicated
qualities.
The mott infefTious peftilence upsn thee. Shakefp.
In a houfe.
Where the infecilous peftilence did reign. Shakefp,
Some known dileafcs are inf Gious, and others are
not : thofe that are Infclious, arc fuch as arc chieily.
in thefpirits, and not fu much in the humours, and
therefore pafs cafily from body to body ; fuch as
peftilence and ilppitud'js. Bacon,

Smells may liavc as much power to do good as
to do harm, and contrib tie to hc.ilth as well as to .
difeafes i which is too much fell by experience ia
all that are infSiious, and by the operations of
1 fome poifons, that ate received only by the fmcll. >

.lemplt

iNrhC

INF'

IftSE'cTtowsLY, ad-v. [from tnfiQlau:.']

I Cofjtigioudy.

T'.;; wiM dcxcs, that ismclinable
To what hftHhuJIj ilfelfaffefls. Sbakt/fi

luff CTious.Mtss. a./, [from inftiiii>ui.'\
The qujiity of being infefllousj conta-
gionfnefs.
Infe'ctive. adj. [from infea.] Having the
quality of a<f>in»by contagion.

True love, well confidered, h*th »n mfifl:vc
power. SlJnty.

Inficu'ni*. «. ^ \jnfttaiHdus, Latin.]
Unfruitful ; infertile.

Haw fat: ami agreeable a confervatory the earth ii
,to Tejttables, is minilell from their rolling, dryiiij,
or being rendered inj'tcund in the v.aieri, or the air ;
^rio iheearth their vigour is long preferved.

Imfecuhdity- n.f. [inf/fcunditas, Latin.j
Want oftcrtility^ barrennefd

Ihfbli'city. ?/./. [/.•i/17/f///, French; in-
calamity,

/e/uitai , L&tia.] Unhappinefs ; mifery :

Whatever ij the ignofiiwx ind Infttldty of the
■wifct llaic, we were made wiie and happy.
■ GbTniille.

Were is our great infJic'i/y, that, when fingle
wordt fi.:riify complex ideas, one word can never
(Jiftiiiaiy maaifeft all the parts ol a complex idea.

H'alls.

SaINFE'R. v. a. [mfinr, Yt.iafero, Lat.J

1. To bring on; to induce.

Vamiu Inftr fome Imall deifitnent to the lungs.

Harvey.

2. To infir is Jiothing but, by virtue of one
proportion laid down as true, to draw in
another as true, /. e. to fee or fappofe fucb
a Gonneftion of the two ideas of the /»-
/i-rwi/ propofition. Lode.

Yet what thou canll attain, wluch beft may ferve
76. glorify tlu Maker, and ixftr
Theealfo happier, Ihail not be »uh-held
"Thy hearing. MUicit,

Great,
Or bright, mfeirx not excellence : the earth
Though in comparifon of heav'n fo fmall.
Not gUftering, may of folid good contain
KL^re plenty than the fun, that barren (hincs.

Miltm.

One would wonJcr how, from fo difTeriiig pre-
mliics,.thcy t^aula all infer the lame ccnclulioii.

Decay t^ Piety,

They have more opportunities, than other men
luve of purehaAng public efteevi,. by dcferving well
of manliirJ j and Uich opportunities always ixfer
cbligalioris. Aiterbny.

X. To offer; to produce. Not in ufe.

Full well haih ClilTord played the orator.
Inferring arguments oi mighty foitc. Sbairff.

i'jiFERKNCE. «. yl \infercnce, Fr, from
infer. '\ Coneluiioa drawn from previous
arguments.

Though it may chance to be right in the condu-
(ton, it is yet unjuft and miftaken in the method of
pffertnce. GiamnJIe,

Thefe infeuncei or conclufions are the elfeiiis of
reafoning. 'and the three propofKious taken all toge-
ther, are calkd fyllogifm or aigumcnt, ff'jiit.
iKFE'RiBLE ojij. [fro.TU /'«/>r.] Dttducible
from premifed grounds.

As fimple miftakes commonly beget fallacies, fo
men from fallacious &>undalioni, and mifapprcbended
mcdiumi, eredt conduliaDS no way iaferiUe from
their premiffes. Brotva.

iMFERro'RiTY. m f. [liiferiorite , French,
from ii!ferimr.'\ Lower &ate of dignity
ot value.

The language, though net of e^uaf dignity, yet is

as near approaching to it as our modern barbarifm

will allow ; and- therefuie we are to reft contented

with that only inferiariiy. wluch.is aoi {loifibly to be

jemcdicd., Dryuen

INF

INFE'RTOUR. adj. [iuferior, Latin ; infi-
rieur, French.]

'I. Lower in place.

z. Lower in ftation or rank of life: cor-
relative lofuferiour.

Render mc more equal, or perhaps
Superiour, for infrriour who is free ? Milton.

3. Lower in value or excellency.

The love of liberty with life is giv'n,
And lite itfcll ih' inftiioui- gift of heav'n. Dr\den.

1 have added Tome original papers of my own,
which, whetlicr they arc equal or inferiour to my
other poems, an author is the moft improper Judge of.

Dryden.

4. Subordinate. ^

General and fundamental truths in philofophy,
relipon, and human life, condudt nur thoughts into
a^oufand inferiaur and particular profolitions.

IValli.
Infe'riour. n.f. [from the adjeftive.]
One in a lower rank or ftation than ano-
ther.

A great perfon gets more by obliging his inferiour
than by dildjiiiing him. Stulb.

Infernal, adj. [ infernal, Fr . infernu: ,
Lat.] Hellifh ; tartarean ; ikteftable.

His gigantick limbs with largo embrace.
Infolds nine aciesof i»fer»ai fpace. DryJenU ^n.
I N F e'r N A I, Stone, n.f.

Iiifirnai Jlo,:e, gr the lunar cauAick, is prepared
from An evaporated folution of filver, or from cryftjls
of (liver. It IS a very powerful caultick, eating
away the flelh and even the bones to which it is ap-
plied, llill'i Mat. MeJicj.
InfSr'tile. (j^'. [infertile, Vt. in inAfti-
r;iV.] Unfruitful ; not produflive ; want-
ing fecundity ; infecund.
ig.iorance being of itfelf like (liff clay, an in-
feriilr foil, when pride comes to Icorvb and hirdcn
it, it grows perfcdily imp.aiietrable.

Goverrmetfr cf the tongae.
InFerti'lity. n.f. [infertiiiii, Fr. from
infertile.^ Unfruitfulnefs ; want of fer-
tility.

The fame didemperature of the air that occa-
fioned the pUguc, occafioned the infertility or
noxiouftiefsof ttieloil, whereby the fruits of iheearth
became either vciy fmal), or very uTiwholcfomc.

H.iie*x Origin (f Mankind .
To Infest, -j. a. \itififlir, French; hififio,
Lat.] To harafs ; to difturb; to plague.

Unto my feeble breaff
Come gently ; but not with that mighty rage
Wherewith the martial troops thou do'tt infifi.
And hearts ofgreateli heroes do'it enrage, Sptnfr.
They ceafed not, in the mean while to ftrengthen
that part wiiich lo heart they favoiiredj and to infcjl
by all means, under colour of otlter quarrels, their
grsatelt advcifViCS in this caufc. Hcolier.

Although they were a people infefieJ, and mighti-
ly hated of all others, yet wjs thc:c nothing of force
to work the ruin of their {late, till the time before-
mentioned was expired. Hooker.
They were no mean, didrclTed, calamitous pcr-
fons that fled to him for refuge ; but of fo great qua-
lity, as was apparent that they came not thither
to proicdl tlicir own fortune, but to inftji and in-
vade his. Bacon's HenryVW.
Envy, avarice, fuperltitioni love, with the like
cares and paflions i'fefl human life. Adiifon.
No difeafc infefs mankind more terrible in its
fymptoms and clfeiSs, Arbutbn-yt on Diet.
Infesti'vity. h. /. [/« and feflivity.'\

Mournfulnefs ; want of chcerfulnefs.
Lnfe'stred. adj. [/a andy</?fr.] Rankling;
inveterate. Obfolete.

This curfed creature, mindful of that old
JnfrJIred ^rui^t, thewhich his motherlelt,
So loon as Clarion he did behold,
His heart with vengeful malice inly fwelt. Sfcnfer.
Infeuda'tion. n.f. [in and /£■;«/,/«, Lat.]
The ait of putting one in polfeOion of a
fee or c(l;;;e.

IN F'

Another military provilion was eoavtnlienal >nl
by tenure, npon the infudaiitn of the tenant, and.
was ulually caWed knight's feivice. Halt.

Infidel. »,/ [itifidelle, Fr. inftdeiis, Lat.]
An unbeliever; a mifcreant; a pagan;
one who rcjefls ChriHianity.

Exhorting her, it (he did m.irry, yet not lo join
herlelf to an infidel, as in thofe times loaio.\%»idows
chriftian had done, tor the advauccmem of their
ellatc in this world. tlotiker^

Infidelity.*./, [infidelite, Fr, in/deli'

tas, I..atin.]
I. Want of faith.

The conlidentian of the divine omnipotence an4

infinite wifdom, and our own ignorance, are great

inflruments ol lilencing the muimurs of infdtliiy.

'Taylor' t Rule of living hJy,

z. Difijcliefof Chriftianity.

One wouid fancy that infidels would be exempt
from that fingle fault, which feems to grow out uf
the imprudent fervours of religion ; but fo it is, that ■
injidiiiiy is proplgatcd with as much ticrceiiefs and
contention, as if the fafety of mankind depended •
upon it. apeelntor.

j. Treachery: deceit; breach of contraft
or trulh

. The itfftiiliiie: on the one part between the two -
fcxcs, and the caprices on the other, the vanities and
vexations attending even the molt refined delights
that make up this bulmel's of life, render it liliy and
uncomfortable. UpeclatOr,

I'M FINITE. a<^'. [infni.'FT. infinitus, Lat.]

1. Unbounded ; boundlefs ; unlimited; iin-
mcnfe ; h.uing no boundaries or limits ■
to its nature.

Impoinble It is, that God (bould withdraw hit -

pretence fiom any thing, becaule tlie very fubllance
ot God is infinite. HcAer*

What's iiine, when on eternity we think
A thoufand ages in that tea mull link.
Time's !iothing but a word ? a milhon
Is lull as itM from infinite as one. Denham*.

Thou fjv'reii;n pow'r, whofe fccret will controuls-
The in^^ard bent and motion of our fouls f
Why hall thou plac'd fucli infinite degrees
Between the caufc and cure of my difeale. Pricr,

When we would think of injinite fpace or dura-
tion, we at firll make fome very large idea ; as per-
haps of millions of ages or miles, which polfibly we
multiply fcveral time?, L^ke,

Even an angel's comprchenfivc thought
Cannot extend as far as [hou haft wrought ;
Our vait conceptions arc by fwelling brought,
Swatlow'd and left in injinite, to nought. Dennis*

2. It is hyperbolically ufed for large; great.
1'nfinitely. adii. [ from infinite, j

1. Without limits; without boiHids ; im-
menfely.

Nothing may be infinitely delircd, but that good
which indeed is infinite. Hooker.

2. In a great degree.

This is Antonio,
To whom 1 am Co infinitely bound. Shaltefp,

The king faw that contranwife it would follow,
that England, though much lefs in territory, yet
Ihould have infinitely more foldicrs of their native
forces than other nations have. Baton.

Injiniitly the greater pan of mankind have pro- ■
fcfTcd tq iS. under a full pcrfuafion of this great
article. Rcgert.

I'nfiniteness. n.f. ffrom /»/?«//<•.] Im-
raenfity ; boundlefsncis ; infinity.

The cunning cf his flattery, ilie readinefs of hi^-
tears, the infinitenefs of his vows, were but among
the weaken threads of his net. Sidney.

Let us always bear about us fuch imprclTions of
reverence, and fear of God, that we may humble
ourfeKes before his Almightinefs, and exprefs that
•iihnite diilante between his infiniteneft and our
weakneQcs. Taylor.

Infinitesimal, adj [from infinite.'] In-
finitely divided.

Infi'nitive, adj. [itifinitif, Fr. infinitivus,
Latin.] In grammar, the infinitive affirms

or

I,

I N F

or intimates the intention of aiSrming,
which is one ufe of the indicative ; but
then it does not do it abfolutely. Clarke.
I N F I 'n I T u D E. ». /. [from infinile.l
i. Infinity; immendtv.

Confulionhejrd his voice, and wild uproar
Stood ruI*J, (tood valt infnUuJi confinM. ^TUt9H.
Though the rcpugnacy of inJinituHe be eousUy
incompetibie to continued or fuccefiivc motion, or
continued (juantity, and pends upon the incompoffi-
bilify of the very nature of things fucccnive or ex-
teufive with infiniiuJe; yet that incampolTibility is
morr coafpicuous in difcrete quantity) that arifrth
from parts atf^ually dillinguiOicd. Hjic,

2. Boondicfs number.

We fee all the good fenfe of the age cut o»t, and
miiued into almoA an irtfiniixjt of diliiii^ions.

Addlfon^ i Spcciator .
IsFl'NITY.w.y; {infinite, Yx.infinitas, Lat.]
I. Immenfity; boundleflhefs j unlimited
qualities.

There cannot be more irtjiitities than one ; for one
of them would limit the other. Raidgh^s liijifjry.

The better, the more defirabic ; that therefore
Wuft be dednble, wherein there is infinity of ^^iod-
nefs; fo that if any thing defirable may be infinite,
that muft i\eeda be the highell of all thing? that are
defired : no good ii infinite but only God) therefore
Ik k our ti:licity and bill's. Hot^kfr.

t. Endlcfs nnmbcr. An hyperbolical ufe

of the word.

Homer has concealed faults under an infiisUy of

■ ■jmirable beauties. tiro9me*s Sciet on the OdyJJey.

The liver, being fwellcd, comprelfeth the ftomach,

fiopt the circulMion of the juices, and produccth an

infinity of bad fymptoms. Arhulhn^t on Diet,

In fi'km. a<//. \nifirme, Fr. iiifirmus, Latin.]

I. Weak; feeble; difabled of body.

Here Hand I your brave ;
A poor Infirm, weak, and defpis'd old man. Shak.
«, Weak of mind ; irrefolute.

I am afraid to think whit 1 have done :
Look on'c again, I daic not,
. ■ Infirm of purpofe ;

Give me the daggers. Shaktftt. Mueielb.

That on my head all might be vilitcd.
Thy frailty, and infirmer fex, forgiven ;
'fo me committed, and by me eipoi'd. Miltin.
J. Notftible; not folld.

He wtio hxes upon falfe principles, treads upon in-
firm ground, and fo finks; and he who fails in his
deductions Irom right principles) (tumbles upon firm
ground, and fills. Sr,uib,»

To Infi'rm. f> a. [infirmer, Fr. tnfirmo,
Latin.] To weaken : to (hake; to en-
feeble. Not in ofe.

Some contrary fpirits «iH objeft rtifa %% a fufficient
Raton to infirm all thole points. Raleigh.

The fpleeii is unjulUy introduced to invigorate the
finifter fide, which, being dilated, would rather /«-
firm and debilitate it. Broun't yulg.ir Err',iiri.
I.nfi'rmary. »./. [infirmerie, Fr.j Lodg-
ings for the fick.

Thefe buildings to be for privv lodgings on both
fides, and tlie end for privy galleries, whereof one
ihoulJ be for ininfirmary, it any fpecial perfon iIiomM
btfick. lhK:r..

Ijjfi'r.mity. »./ \inflrmite, Fr.]
I , Weakncfs of fex, age, or temper.

Infirmity,
Which wails upon worn times, halhfomethittg feiz'd
His wi^'d ability. Shakt/f. IVitUtr't '[aU.

Difcovir ihine infirmity,
That warrai)leth by law lo be thy piitilege:
1 am with child, ve bloody homicides. Sbakr/p.

II he had done or faid any thing amifs, he dciir.d
rtieir worfnips to think it was his infirmitin, ^hak.

Are the inf.rmiiUi of the body, pains, and dif-

♦afes his complaints ? HiJ faiih reminds him of the

day whei. this corruptible llijll j,ui on incotruptioii,

and this mortal immortality, Hogtrt

S. failing; weaknefs ; fault.

A irifiid Ihould bear a friend's infirmlt/tt;
tin Bruiu! make* mioe grc<(er ihw (bey »it. Siak.

I N F

Many hfimititt made it a^xar mofe ttquiflte,
that a wifcr n-.an fliould have the application of his
mUrcf^. ClarenJon.

How difficult is it to preferve a great name, when
he that has acquired it, is fo obnoxious to fuch little
weakneffes and infirmiliei, if are no fmall diminu-
lion.toit. Adiiijut:.

3. Difeafe; malady.

General laws are like general rules of phyfick,
accordingwhereun'o, as now, no wife man will de-
fire himfelf to be cured, if there be joined with his
difeafe fome (fecial accident, in regard thanhweby
others m the lame irfirmily, but without the like ac-
ciderr, tnay. Hooker.

Sometimes the races of man may be depraved by
the infirmitin of birth . TemfU.

iNri'RMVESs. a./. [from////m.] Weak-
nefs ; feeblenefs.

Some experiments may difcovcr the Infirmiefi and
infufficiency of the pcripateiick doiSrine. RoyU.

To Infi'x. v. a \_iiifixtii, Lat.] To drive
in ; to fet ; to fallen.

And at the point two (lings infixed mh.
Both deadly (harp, tliat Iharjwft Iteel excceden far.

Sf*njer.
I never lov'd iftyfelf,
'Till now, infixed, I behold myfcir,
Drawn in the flati'ring table ol her eye. Shakeff
Immoveable, infix'd,'3\A froicti round. Miiitn.
That lling infix'd within b«r haughty miMd,
And her proud heart witli I'ecret forrowpin'd.

Drydin.
The fatal dart a ready p«fl!i5« foumi,
And deep within her heart infix'd the wound.

• Dry den.
To INFLA'ME. -v. a. [infiammo, Lat. J

1. To kindle i to fet on Srej to make to
bum.

Love more clear, dedicated to a love more cold,
with the clearnefs lays a nijltt ol forrow upon mc,
and with the coldnefs infiamcs a world of Ere within
«n* Sidney.

Its waves of torrent fire hifijm'd with rage. Milt.

2. To kindle any paflion.

Their lull was infinmrd towards her. Stftn. viii.

3. To kindle with pafTion.

More infi.tm'd with lutt than rugip. Hilton.

Satan, with thoughts <>/7dm'i of highert delign,
Puts on fvvift wings. Miliun.

4. To exaggerate ; to .aggravate.

A friend exaggerates a man's virtues, sn enemy
itfiamei his crimes. Adilif<,n'i Sfcchunr.

5. 'J'o heat the body morbidly with ob-
ftrndlcd matter.

6. To provoke ; to irritate.

A little viin curiofity weighs fo much with us, or
the church's peace fo liiile, that we facrifice the one
«o the whetting and infiaming of the other.

Decay if Piety.

To Ik FL a'm e. <r. ». To grow hot, "angry.

INF

ftances, which confift m well of fuiphureaus, Tatj

and ■irfiammabU parts as of earthy and altalizate

on"- A"i-u.«»-j Optickt.

Infiammahle fpirits are fubtlc volatile liquors,

which come over in diftillation, mifcible with water,

and wholly combuftible. Arbuthnut on Aliments.

Infi.a'mmabLenf.ss. k. f. [from injla/n-

mai/e.] The quality of eafily catching

fire.

We may treat of the infijmm.tilene/s of bodies.

B'^y.'e.
INFlamma'tion. h. /. [infiamfntttio, L&U
inflammation, French.]

1 . The aft of fetting on flame.

Infitmrnation of air from meteors, may have a
powerful efteft upon men. •Ttmpie.

2. The ftatc of being in flame.

Tlie flame extendeth not beyond the iiiflamm.ib!i
effluence, but clol'cly adheres unto the original of iis
infiammalien.. . ■ J^,^

Some urns have had iiifrriptions on thi;m, ?x-
prelling that the lamps within them wero bunuii^
when ihey were firit buried ; whereas the iitfjm.
mation ol fat and vil'cuous vapours dothptefently vj.
ni""- - Wilkim'i Dadahs.

and painful by obftrufted matter

If the veficula;are opprert, they inflame. Wifcman.
I-nfla'mer. ». / [from inflame,} The
thing or pcrfon that inflames.

Intercft is a great ;>/?.im<-r, and fets a man on pcr-

fccunon under the colour of zeal. Addijon.

AITemblirs, who afl upon publick principles, pro.

ceed upon in6uence from particular leaders and /»-

JIamers. Sin/,.

I N F 1. A M M A B I'l, I T V . w. / -[from inflamma-

tlf-y '1 he «|uality of catching fire.

This It wili ,!o, il the ambient air be impregnate

with ^\\\fAi infiiimmabtiitiii . Bro-wn.

Cholcr it ihe moft iiiHammable part of the blood ;

whence, from its liffiammabiiity, it is called a ful-

, Ph'"'- lUriey.

Inflammable, atlj. [French.] Eafy to
be fet on flame j having the quality of
flaming. *

The juices of olives, almonds, nufs, and pine,
apples, are all infiammahle. I'.m i«'j Natural Hifi.

I.iceius thinks il polfibic to cxtradt mi inflamma-
tie oil from the ttone albeftus. * H'ilkini.

Ou« of watcf grow all vegetable and animal tub-

li [In chirurgery.] Inflftmmatiein is when
the blood is obftruftc'd fo as to crowd in
a greater quantity into .-iny particular
part, and gives it a greater 'cok)ur and
neat than ufual. ^ttncy.

If that bright fpot (lay in his place, it is .in m-
flammatitin oi ihzhmmn^, ifv. xiii. 8.

\. Fervour of mind.

Prayer kinJleth our defirc to behold f5od by fjK-
culation, ami the mind, delighted with that Contem-
plative fight ol God, tjktih every where new in-
flammations to pray the riches pt the niylleries of
heavenly wifdom, continually (lining up in us cor'
rcfpondent Jelires towards tliem. Hooker .

Infi.a'mmatory. adj. [from inflame.]
Having the power of inflaming.

The extremity of pain often creates a coldnefs ir>
the entremities : fuch a fenfation is very conliltent
with an i'VyJjwffr.3/01 V diftemper. Arbutknot on Dhri .

An inflammatory lever hurried him out of this lite
in three days. Poi>e to S-wift.

To INFLA'TE. -v. a. [inflatm, Lat.]

1. To fwell with wind.

That the mufdes are inflated in time of itfi-, ap-
pears to the very eye in the faces of children. Rav.

Vapours are no other than i>(fated veficuU of
water. Derbam.

2. To fill with the breath.
With might and main they chas'd the muid'rous

fox.
With braien trumpets and inflated \)m',
To kindle Mars with military Ibiiiids,
Nor wanted horns t' infpire lagacious hounds. Uryd.
Infi.a'tion. n. J. {ir(Jlotio, Lat. from in-
flate.} The Hate of being fwelled with
wind ; flatulence.

Wind coming upwards, inflations and tumours of
the belly ate figns of a phlegmatick coiiftitution.

Arbuthnot on Diet„
To INFLE'CT. -v. a. [infleao, Lat. J

1. To bend > to turn.

What make* them this one way their rnce dircfl^
While they a thoul'and other ways rejeft ?
Why do they never once their courfe inflcCl ?

Blackmitrr,

Do not the rays of light which fall upon bodies,
begin to bend before they arrive at the bodies? And
are they not refleitcd, refradled, and inSelled by one
and the fame principle, .ifling varioufiy in various
circumrtanccsJ Nciuton's Qf licks.

2. To vary a noun or verb in its termina*
tionj.

Infll'^tion. tt.f. \infle8io, Latin.]
I . The aft of bending or turning.

Neither the divine determinations, pcrfuafions)
or infleSlions of the ondcrllanding or will of rational
creatures, doih deceive the underilanding, pervert
the will, or nt«tllilate cilha to any mo.-al evil. Hale^

6 O Zi* Modulation.

INF

t. Modulation of the voice.

His virtue, iiis gcfturt, his countenance, his leal,
the motion of his body, »nd the infcgkn of his
voice, who firft utteretli ihem as his own, is thai
which giveih iht veiy effcnte of inftrumcnts avail-
able to eternal life. Hoc-kfr.
3. Variation of a noun or verb.

The fame wonl in the original tongue,-by divers
iiifleaiorit and variations, makes divers dialcds.

Jittrctvood.
Infle'ctivp. <7(/;. {ixom hi/tea. "] Having
the power of bending.

This wficlive quality ol the air is a great incum-
brance and coiilulion of ultronorotcal obfcrvations.

Dtyh^m.

InfleXIBi'lITY. ■} «./. [iiiflexibilite, Fr.
Inflixible'ness. j fiominj/txible.]
I. Stiffnefs; quality of refifting flexure.
3. Obllinacys temper not to be bent ; in-
. exorabic pertinacity.
In F L rxi B Lt.adJ. [French; infexihilis, Lat. ]

1. Not to be bent or incurvated

Such errors as are but acorns in our younger brows,
jrow oaks in our older heads, and become itijiexlblc
foihe powerful arm of reafon. Brsfun.

Too great rigidity and elafticity of the fibres makes
them iijlexiblt to the caufes, to which they ought to
jield. A'iuihnot.

2. Not to be prevailed on ; immoveable.

The man relolv'd and (Icady to his truft,
In^xibli to ill, and obrtinatelyjuft. AdJiJjn.

A man of an upright and infiexibleKtTt\^^t, in the
txeculion of his country's laws, can overcome all
private fear. AdSJon.

3. Not to be changed or altered.

The nature of things is inflexibli, and their na-
tural relations unalterable : wc muft bring our un-
derllanding to things, and not bend things to our
fancies. h^alis.

Infle'xibly. (Tit), \iiom injlfxible.'] In-
exorably; invariably; without relaxation
or remiffion.

It (hould be begun early, and injl<xitly keft to,
'till there appears not the leall reluSancy. L^cke.

To INFLI'CT. <u. a. \infligp, injiielus, Lat.
infliger, Fr.] To put in aft or impofe as
apuntfhment.

1 know no pain, they can inflid upon him,
Will make him fay 1 mov'd him to tliofe arms.

Shaktffcart.
SuBScient is this puniOiment which was inJiSitd.

2 Cor. ii.
What the potent viflor in his rage
Ca n d fe irtfia. Milton.

What heart could wifh, what hand IxJliB this dire
difgrace ? Drydtn's JEti.

By luxury we condemn ourfelves to greater tor-
menis than have been yet invented by anger or re-
venge, or iitjliSei by the grcatell tyrants upon the
worAofmcn. TtmfU.

Infu'cter. »./. [from /»/f/<!7.] He who
punilhes.

Revenge is commonly not bounded, but extended
to the uimoik power of the 'injll£}er.

Gover-nment ^f tht Tongut,
iNFLt'cTiON.w.y; [from »'/y7/V7.J
I. 'Ihe aft of uftng puniOiments.

So our decrees.
Dead to irfiiciUn, to themfelves are dead ;
Andliberiy j:lu[ks jufticcby the nofc. Shaktfftare.
Sin ends certainly in death ; death not only as to
to merit, but aifoasto a^ual LrJiiSiivn. South.

3. T he punithment impofed.

What, but Ihy malice, mov'i thee to mifdecm
Of righteous [ob, then cruelly to alritdt him
With all <J>/fjc?ie«r^ But his patience won. Milt.

How defpicable are the threats of a creature as
impotent as ourfelves, when compared wiih the wrath
of an Almighty judge, whofe power extends to eter-
nal irJUiliortt. Rcgers.

His levcielt inJIiUhni are in themfelves acts ot

juftice and nghieoufnefs. ' Rogers.

iMFLt'CTITE. aJJ. ^InJUaivt, ft, from /»-

I N F

jf;??.] That which impofes a punlfli-
-meni.
INFLUENCE, b. /. [<»/«««, Fr. infiun^
Lat.j

1, Power of the celeftial afpefts operating
upon terreftri.il bodies and affairs.

The facred iitjluencr of light appears. MilloK.

Comets no rule, no righteous order own;
Their Injluiiict dreaded, as their ways unknown.

Prior.

2. Afcendant power ; power of direfting or
modifying. It was anciently followed
hy ipto; now, lefs properly, by upcn.

Incomparable lady, your commandment dolh not
only give me the will, but the power to obey you ;
fuch infiuenct hath your excellency. Sidney

God hath his injluence into the very e^ence of all
things, without which injluiKce of Deity fupporling
them, tlieir utter annihilation could not chufe but
follow. Hooker.

A wife man (hall over-rule his flars, and have a
greater in^uenceupon his own content than all the
coaftellaiiuns and planets of the 6cmament. Taylor.

Foreknowledge had no in^ucnce on their fault.

Milion.

Religion hath fo great an infttunoe upon the feli-
city of men, that it ou|,h( to be upheld, not only out
of a dread of the divine vengeance in another world,
but out of regard to temporal piofpcrity.

lillotfor.

Our inconfiftency in the purfuit of fchcnies
throughly dige(\ed, has a bad injluence on our
affairs. Addijon.

"iio aftoniOiing a fcene would have prcfent injluence
upon them, but not produce a lalling efl'cdt.

Atltriury^

Where it ought to have greateft injluence, this ob-
vious indifputable truth is little regarded. Rogers.

To I'nfluence. f. a. [from the noun.]
To aft upon with direftive or impulfive
power; to modify to any purpofe; to
guide or lead to any end.

By thy kind pow'rand injiueneingcvti,.
The various creatures move,.and live, and are.

Milton.

Thefe experiments fucceed after the fame manner
in vacuo as in the open air, and therefore are not
injluenced by the weight or preffurc of the atmo-
fphere. Newton's Opticks.

The (landing revelation was attefted in the moft
folemn and credible manner; and is fuflicient to />-
JIuence their faith and practice, if they attend.

Atterbury.

All the reftraint men are under is, by the viola-
tion of one law, broken through ; and the principle
which injiuenced their obedience has loH its eificacy
on them. Rogers.

I'mfluunt. adj. [injluens, Lat.] Flowing
in.

ThcMrhief intention of chirurgery, as well as me-
dicine, is keeping a juft equilibrium between the in-

Jluenl fluids and val'cular lolids. Arbuthnot.

Influe'ntia l. adj. [from wJJuaice,^ Ex-
erting influence or power.

Our now ovctlhadowcd fouls may be emblemed

by thofe crulled glubes, whofe i nfiuemial exaxSioM

are interrupted by the iiucrpolal of the benighted

■ element. Clauville.

The inward fpringi and wheels of the corporal

machine, on the molt fublimed intellectuals, are

dangeroufly itjiuential. CIcuiville.

I'NFLUX. »./. [infuxm, Lat.]

I. Aft of flowing into any thing.

We will enquire whether there be, in the fool({eps
of natute, any luch tranfmiflion and injiux of im-
materiatc virtues, and what the force of imagination
is, either upon the body imaginant, or upon another
body. Bacon's Niilural lijt.

If once conlra£led in a fyftole, by the ivjiux of ihc
fpirits, why, the Ipirits continually Bowing in with-
out let, doth it not always remain lb ? Ray.
An elaltick fibre, like a bow, the more extended,
it rellores itfelf with the greater force : if the fpring
be de(lroye4, it is like a bag, only paffive as to the
injiux of Uu liijuid At bulknoi.

I N F

\, Infufioti ; intromiflion.

There is another life alter this ; and the inJliix-tX

the knowledge of Cod, in relation 10 this cvcrlalling

life, it infinitely of moment. HuU,.

3. Influence ; power. In this fenfe it i»

now not uied.

Adam, in innocence, mighthave held, by the coa-
tinued inJIux of the divine will and power, a (tate of
immortality. Hjle.

Thefe two do not fo much concern fea-filh, yet
they have a great infiu» upon rivers, ponds, and
lakes. Hale.

li>thv'-&iovs. adj. [f rota. i«Jlux.'\ Influ-
ential. Not ufed.

The moon hath an itijluxi^ut power to make im*
prcfTuMis upon thoir humours. Hov/el.

7e In fo'ld. f. tf. [;« andyiA/.] To in-
volve ; to inwrap ; to inclofe with invo-
lutions.

For all the creft a dragon did infold
With greedy paws, and over all did fpread
His golden wings. Fairy ^eeit.

Noble Baiiquo, let me infold thee,
Aiid hold thtc to my heart. Siakeffeare.

But does not nature for the child prepare
The parent's love, the tender nurfe's care }
Who, for their own forgetful, fcek his good.
Infold h\i limbs in bands, and till his veins with food.

Black.

Wings raife her arms, and wings her feet infold.

Pope,
To Ineo'hate. 'V. a. [la and/o.'ium, Lat. J
To cover with leaves. Not much ufed^
but elegant.

Long may his fruitful vine iitfoliale trtd clafp about
him with embracements. He%i>rl.

To INFO'RM. -v.a. [wformn, French; /«-
formo, Latin.]

1 . To animate ; to aftuate by vital powers,.

"AH alike inform'd
With radiant light, as glowing ir'n with fir«. Miltr

Let others better mold ihe running mafs
Of metals, and inform the breathing brafs ;
And fol'ten into flelh a marble face. Dryjen's .Xn.

Asfrom chaos, huddl'd and deform'd.
The god (truck fire,^nd lighted up the lamps
That beautify t.Se (ky ; fo he inform'd
This-ill-(hap'd body with a daring foul.

Dryd. and Lee.^

Breath informs this fleeting frame. Prior.

This fovereign arbitrary foul
Informs, and moves, and animates the whole.

Blackmorg^

While life informs thefe limbs, the king reply'd,.
Well to deferve be all iny cares e.nploy'd. Pope.

2. To inflrufti to fupply with new know-
ledge ; to acquaii}t. Before the thing
communicated was anciently put oiv/A;
now generally cf; fometimcs in, 1 know
not how properly.

The drift is to inform their minds n>iV4 fome me.
thod of reducing the laws into their original caufes. '

Honker.

I have this prefent evening from my filler
Been wdi infotmMl of them, and with cautions.

Shakcjp.

Our ruin, by thee inform'd, I learn. Alilion.

The long fpeeches ratherxontoundcd than informed
his underlfanding. Clarendon.

nie dirticulty arifes not from what friile irj'irms
us c/i but from wrong applying our notions. Uig'y.

Though I may not be able to itform men moiB
than ihey know, yet I may giie ihem the occafion to
confider. Tcmplt.

The ancients examined in wh.it confifts the beauty
of goodpodures, as their works lufliciently/>/irw us.

Drydeif.

He may be ignorant of thefe truths, who will ne-
ver take the pains to employ his faculties to irtfrai
himfell oJ\hcm. Locke,

To uiidcrfrand tlTe cominooweallh, and religion,
is enough: few infotm themfelves in thefe to the
botroni Locke. '

A more proper opportunity tends to make the-nar-
rauea moic inj-j\mmg 01 bcautiluf, I fome,

Ithiok

y

INF

t.tViink it nfccflar>-, for the infereil of virtue and
jeligioBi thjt the whole kindom (tould be informed
in fome parts of your ciiara^ter. Siv'ift,

3. To offer an accufation to a tnagiftrate.
Tertullus iKfirmtJ the governor againll Paul.

Alia.

To Inform, v, ». To give intelligence.

It is the bloody bufinefs which informs
Thus to mine eyes. Hbakeff. Maciclh.

In fo'r m a l. adj. [from inform.^ Irregular ;
not competent. A word not ufed.

Thcfe poor informal womtn are no more
But inftruments of fome more it^ightirr member,
That fets them on. SbaUfb. Mejfurefor Me^fure.

Info'rmant. ». / [irench.]

1. One who gives information or inftruflion.

He be'ievEs ihe fentence is true, as it is made up
of terms w^ich his informant underflandsi though
the ideas be unknown to him which his ittformant
has under thefe words. h^'atts.

2. One who exhibits an accufation.
Informa'tion. »./. [/>/«r«a//o, Lat. from

inform. ]

1. intelligence given ; inflruftion.

But reafon with the fellow,
Left you Ihould chance to whip yout information.
And beat the meffenger who bids beware
Of what is to be dreaded. Shakrff. Coriolanus,

The a^ive irfoimationi of the iiitellcA tilling the
palTive reception of the will, like form clofing with
natter, grew aduate into a third and diilinS per-
Ict^ion of praflicc. SoutbU Strmont,

They gave ihofe complet ideas names, that the
things thty were continually to give and receive in-
formaliiin about, might be the ealier and quicker un-
dertiood. Locke.

He Ihould regard the propriety of his nords, and
get fome information in the (ubjeQ he intends to
handle. Sxuift.

Thefe men have had longer opportunities of in-
Jnmtiitn, and ate equally concerned with ourfelves.

Robert.

2. Charge or accufation exhibited.

3. The aft of informing or accufing.
Info'rmer. n.f. [from inform.^

1. One who gives inftruftion or intelli-
gence.

This writer i> either biafled bjr an inclination to
believe the worft, or a want of judgment to chufc his
informer t. Stvift.

2. One who difcovers offenders to the ma-
giftrate.

There were fpiei and hformtri fet to work to
waich the company. L'EJIrange.

Let 00 court lycophant pervert myfenfe.
Nor (ly informer waich thefe words to diavir
Witljin the reach 01 ticafon. P^pe.

Informer I are a deteftable race of people, although
fomeiimcs ntceflary. Sivifi.

Info'rmidabl E. adj. \in mAformidabiM;
Latin.] Not to be feared; not to be
dreaded.

Of (trengih, of courage haughty, and of limb
Hcroick built, though of terreftrial mold j
Foe not injoimidable, eii-mpt from wound. Milton.
I.VFORMITY. ». /. [from informis, Latin.]
ShapclciTnefs.

From this narrow time of gcftation may enfue a

fmallnefs in the exdufion j but this infcrieih no in-

formity. Jirowa't f^ulf^ar Errours.

Info'rmous. adj. \hiforme, French; in-

formii, Latin. ] Shapelefs ; of no regular

figure.

That a bear brjngi forth her young informnut and
tinfllapen, which (he fathi.jncih after by licking them
over, is an opinion delivered by ancient writers.

Jiroivn's yitlgar Errouri.

Ik FO R T o N A T E . adj. [infortuni, French ;

/»/err«>/ar«/, Latin.] Unhappy. See Un-

FoRTUNATK, which is commonly ufcd.

Peikin, dtilitutc of all ho^es, having touml all

I N F

either f^Ife, faint, or infortunate, did gladly accept of
the condition. Bacon's Henry VII.

To Infra'ct. f. <7. \_infrailus hM\n,\ To
break. Kot ufed. •

Falling fall, from giaduil flop* to flope.
With wild infiieied courfe and Icilen'd roar.
It gains a fafer bed. Tli'Mfii'i Summer.

Infra'ction. n.f. \infra8ion, French; ;>/-
fraSlio, Lat.] The aftof breaking; breach ;
violation of treaty.

By the fime Cods, the juftice of whofe wratli
Pun':(h'J the infraClion of ir.y formerfaith. IValltr.
The wolves, pretending an itifrjSion in the abufe
of their holtages, fell upon the (heep wiihout their
dogs. L^ Efiiatfgc.

Infrangible, adj. \jn and frangible.'\
Not to be broken.

The primitive atoms are fuppofcd infrangible, ex-
tremely compacted and hard, which compailedncfs
and harJnefs is a dcmonllration that nothing could be
prxxluced by them, lint.e they could never cohere.

Ckeyne.

Infrequencv. tt.f. \jnfrequtHtia. Lat.]
Uncommonnefs ; rarity.

The abfence of the gods, and the infrequtncy of

objeds, made her yield. Broome on tie Odyjfey.

Infrequent, adj. \_infreqttem, Lat.] Rare;

uncommon.
To Infri'cidate. "j. a. [in and /rigidus,
Latin.] To chill ; to make cold.

The drops reached little further than the furface
of the liquor, whole coldnefs did oat infrigidate
thofe upper parts of the glafs. Boyle.

To INFRI'NGE. i/. «. [infringo, Latin.]

1. To violate; to break laws or contrafts.

Thofe many had not dar'd to do that evil.
If the firft man that did th' ediift infringe.
Had anfwer'd for his deed. Shak, Mcaf.for Meaf.

Having infrirg'd the law, I wave my right
As king, and thus fubmit myfelf to fight. H'aller.

2. To deftroy ; to hinder.

Homilies, being plain and popular inflruflions,
do not infringe the efficacy, although but read.

Hooker.
Bright as the deathlefs gods and happy, (he
From all that may /»/r//>^; delight it free. WaWr.
Infri'ncement. n.f. [from infringe.^
Breach ; violation.

The puni(hing of this infringement is proper to
that jurifdiaion againft which the contempt is.

Clarendon.

Infri'ncer. n. f. [froiB infringe.^ A
breaker j a violator.

A clergyman's habit ought to be without any lace,

under a fevere penalty to be infiidled on the in.

fringert of the provincial conftitution. Ayliffe.

Infu'ndiboliform. ». / \i„fuvdibutum

and firma, Latin.] Of the (ha{)€ of a

funnel or tundifh.

I.vfij'riate. adj. {In and furla, Latin.]

Enraged ; raging.

At th' other bore, with touch of fire
Dilated and infuriate. Milton.

Fir'd by the torch of noon to tenfold rage,
Th' infuriate hill forth (lioots the pillar'd flame.

*Tbomfon.
Infusca'tiojt. n.f. {infufcatus, Latin.]

1 he aft of darkening or blackening.
To INFU'iE. 'V. a. iinfufcr, French; infufus,
Latin,]

1. To pour in; toinftil.

Thou almortmak'ft me waverin my faith,
To hold opinion with Pythagoras,
That fouls of animals :>/"/</> themfelvei
Into the trunks of men. tihakeff. Mrrch. of Venice,

My early miftrefs, now my ancient mnfe,
That Urong Circean liquor ceafe i' infufe,
Whcicwiih thou did'ft intoxicate my youth. ZJ^iflw

Why (hould he de(ire to have qualities /W/W",,/ into
hii Ion, which himfelf never polTclTed ? S-U'ifi.

2. To pour into the mind; to infpire into.

I N G

For when God's hand had written itt the heart*
Of our firft parents all the rules of good.
So that their (kill iifus'd furpafs'd all arts
That ever weie before, or fince the flood. Davitt,

Sublime ideas, and apt words infufe;
The mufe inftrudt my voice, and thou infpire the
mufe. Kofc.

. He infus'd
Bad influence into th' unwary bread. Milton,

Infufe into their young brealls fuch a noble ardour
as will make them renowned. Milton.

Meat mull be with money bought;
She therefore, upon fecond thought,
Infus'd, yet as it were by flieallh.
Some fniall regard for Hale and wealth. Sviifi,

3. To fteep in any liquor with a gentle
heat ; to macerate fo as to extraft the
virtues of any thing without boiting.

Take violets, and infufe a good pugil of them in a
quart of vinegar. Bacon's Natural Hijlory.

4. To make aninfufion with any ingredient;
to fupply, to tinfture, to faturate with
any thing infufed. Not ufed.

Drink, infufed with fle(h will nourifli fafter and
eafier than meat and drink together. Bacon,

5. To infpire with. Not ufed.

Thou didft fraile,
Infufed with a fortitude from heav'n. Shalef^,

lnfufeh\» breaft with magnanimity,
And make him, naked, toil a man at vms.SbakeJ^,
I N F u 's I B L E . <7i//. [ from ;;;/a/2. ]

1. Poflible to be infufed.

From whom the doctrines being infufitle into alt,
it will be more neceflTary to forewarn all of the danger
of them. Hammond.

z. Incapable of diflblution; not fulible;
that cannot be molten. «.

Vitrification is the laft work of fire, and a fufion
of the fait and earth, wherein the fufible fait diaws
the earth and infujible ^vtx into one continuum.

Braivn's f^ulgar Errourt.
Infu'sion. »./. \infufton, French; infufia,

Latin.]
t. The aft of pouring in; inftillation.

Our language has received innumerable elegancies
and improvements from tliat infujion of Ilebraifms,
which are derived to it out of the poetical paflTagcs in
holy writ. Addifon,

2. The aft of pouring into the mind; in-
fpiration.

We participate Chrift partly by imputation, aa
when thofe things which he did and fufTered for us
are imputed to us for righteoufnefs ; partly by ha-
bitual and real infufon, as when grace is inwardly
beftowed on earth, and afterwards more fully both
our fouls and bodies in glory. Hook<r,

3. Suggeftion ; whifper.

They found it would be matter of great debate,
and fpe«d much time, during which they did not
defire their company, nor to be troubled with their
infiijicns. Clarendon,

Here his folly and his wifdom are of his own
growth, not the echo or itfufion of other men.

Sviift,

4. Theaft of fleepingany thing in moiflure
without boiling.

Repeat the infujion of the body oftener. Bacon,

5. The liquor made by infufion-

To have the infufion ftrong, in ihofe bodies which
have finer fpitits, repeat the infufion of the body
oflener. Bacon,

Infu'sive. adv, [from infufe.'] Having
the power of infufion, or being infufed.
A word not authorifed.

Siill let my fong a nobler note afTume,
And fiiig th ' infujii/i force of Spring on man.

'Tiomfn,
Ikca'te. n.f, \_ln znd gate,'] Entrance;
paflage in. An old word.

One noble perfon (toppcih the i»^a/fofalI that
evil which is looked for, and holdcih in all thofe
which aie at his back. Sfenfer,

Inoanna'tion, ». /. [ingannare, Italian.]
(tOz Cheat.

V

I N G

Cheat { fraud ; decepiion ; joggle ; de!u- '
fion ; impofture; irick ; flight. A word
neither nfed nor neceff.iry.

Whoever ChtW rcfign their reafons, either from the
root ol dcceii in thcmlelves, or inability to reliilluth
trivial ingmwathm from othert, arc within the line
ot vulgarity. Broiun.

l.NGA'rHfcRimJ n.J. {in and gathering. \
The ail of getting in the harveft.

Thou ftialt keep the feaft ol Ingalhirhg, when
thou hall gathered in thy labours out of the neld .

Fxaii. xxiii. 16.

Inge, HI the names of places, fignifies a
meadow, from the Saxon in3, of the fame
import. Gi.'-jo/i's Camden.

7e I nglmi'k ATE. i;.a. \iTigemii!0,lj'AUn.\

To double ; to repeat.
He would often inpahati the word peace, peace.

Clarendon.

Isgemika'tion. n. f. \imn^ geminatio,

Latin.] Repetition : reduplication.
Inqe'kde.rer. ». /. [from iitgoider.^ He

that generates. See Encendek.
Inge'ner.vELK. adj. [in inA generate.'] Not

to be produced or brought iato being.
Divers naiuralifts erteem the air, as well as other

eler-icius, tobei^iffoj^/f and incorruptible. Boyle,

1, Inborn ; innate ; inbred.

Thofe virtues were rather feigned and afftacd
things to fcrve his ambition, than true (jualities /«-
gemralr in his judgmcot or nature. Bac:,n.

\\\ divei-s children their wgencrale and feminal
powers lie deep, and are of flow difclofurc. h'atton.

Thole noble habits arc /»^f»erar<^ in the foul, as
religion,. gratitude, obcdieiii.'.', and tranquillity.

Uiilc'i Origin of MtinklnJ.

2. Unbegotten. Not commonly ufed.

Vet Ihall we demoullratc the Lime, from peifons
pre.''uinrd as far from us in condition as time ; that
is-our tirll and ingencrauJ foiefatlicrs. Brown.

INGE'NlOUboi//. [ingeniuix, French ; /«-
gittio/us, l.atln.J

1. Witty ;. inventive; poffeffed of genius.

*Tis a jier'lous boy,
Bold, quick, ingenious, forward, capable. Shakcff.

Our ing/niiUi friend Cowley not only has cni-
cloyed much eloquence to |>*rfuaJe that truth in his
preface, but has in one et his poojns given a noble
example of it. Bojlt.

The more ingenious men ire, llie more they are
apt to trouble themfclves. 'Temple.

2, Mental; intelledual. Net in ufe.

1 he king is mad: how ftilfis my vile feiife,
That I lland up, and have ingenious feeling
Of my huge forrows ! better 1 were diltratt. Sbakeff,
1.-«ge'mously. aJru. [immingeitiottt.'] Wit-
tily; fubtily.

I. will not pretend to judge by common fears, or
the fchemes of men too ingenloujly politick. Temple.
I.nt.e'niousness. ». /. [from ingenious.]
Wittinefs : fubtilty ; ftrength of genius.

The greater appearance of ingcniou/nrfi there is
in the praflite 1 am difapproving, the more danger-
ous it ij. T • 1 *-'''■

Jnce'nite. adj. [ingenilusy Latin.] In-
nate ; inborn ; native ; ingenerate.

Ariftoile alfirmi the mind to be at tirll a mere
r.i/,j luiufa ; and that notions are not ingfnile, and
imprinted by the finger of Nature, but by the latler
and more languid impreffions of fenfe, being only
the reports of obfervation, and the refult of fo many
lepeatedmperimenu. Sourli.

We five them this ingeitite moving force,
That makes them alw.-j(s downward take iJjeir courfe.

BUi.
ICGEMtj'iTT »./. {ingeauite, Fr. from ;V/-

genutHS.]
K Opcnntfs ; fairncfs ; candour; freedom
ftom diffifflulation,

S

i N G

Such of high quality, or rather off articular note,
• as (hall fall under my pen, 1 Ihall nm let pafs with-
out their due character, being paK of my profeffed
ingenuity. . ifMton.

My conftanc)' I to theplancB give :
My truth, 10 them who at the court do live ;
Mine ingenuity and opennefs
To jefulis ; to butTuons my penfivenefe. Donne.

1 know not whether it be more Ihame or wonder,
that men can fo put oft ingenuity, and the native
greatnifsof their kind, as 10 Jelccnd 10 fo bale, fo
ignoble a vice. C'.-uernmeni of the Tongue.

K a child, when ijucftioned for any thing, di-
reilly confels, )0U mult commend his ingenuity, and
p.irdoii the fault, be it what it will. Lxke.

2. [Vtom ingetiious.l Wit; invention; ge-
nius; fubtilty; acutengfs.

Thefc arc but tlie frigidities of wit, and become
not the genius of manly ingrnuitict. Bronvn.

Tlic ancient atomical hypothcfis might have Ik-pt
for ever, had not the ifgcntiity of the prel'ent age re-
called it from its urn and fileiice. GLmville.

Such fots have neither parts nor wit, ingenuity of
difcourfe, nor linenets of convcrfation, to entertain
or delight any one. South.

A pregnant iollance how far virtue furpaffcs ingr-
nuity, and how much an honeiV liinplicity is pre-
ferable to fine parti and fabtile fpeculations.

tyvodvjayd,

INGE'XUOUS. adj. [ingemius, Lat.]

1. Open ; fair ; candid ; generous ; noble.

Many fpcethes there arc of Jjb's, whereby his
wifdoro and other virtues may appear j but ihe glory
of an ingenuous mind he hath purchafed by tliefe
words only, Behold 1 will lay mine hand upon my
mouth J 1 have fpoken once, yet will I not therefore
maintain argument ; yea twice, howbcit for that
caufe fiiriher 1 will not proceed. Ho'.kcr.

Infufc into their young brcalts fuch an ing.-nuous
and noble ardour, as would not fail to make many of
them renowned. Mi/ton.

If an ingenuous deteftation of faifchood be but
carehilly and early inftilled, that is the true and ge-
nuine method to obviate diihonerty. Lode.

2. Freeborn; not of fervile extraflion.

Subjei^ion, as it prefervcs property, peace, and

fafely, fo it will never dimiuilh riguts nor ingenuous

liberties. ^'"g Cbarles.

iNGE'xtJOUSLV. adv. - [from ingenunui.]

Openly; fairly; candidly; generoufly.

Ingenuoujly I Ipeak,

No blame belongs to thee. Shjkeff. Timon.

It was a notable obfervalion of a wife latr.er, and

no Icfs ingenuoujly confelfcd, that thole which held

and perfuaded prelTure of coiifcicnces were commonly

interclfed. Bacon.

I will ingrmio-jjly confefs, that the helps were

taken from divines of the church of England. DryJ.

Inge'n'Uousness. n. /. [from ingffiiiouj.}

Opennefs ; fairnefs ; candour.
1'ngenv. n.J'. [;wf///«w, Latin.] Gcqius;
wit. Not in ufe.

Whatever of the produflion of his ingeny comes
into foreign parts, is highly valued. Boyle.

To INGE'ST. 'V. a. {ingefus, Latin.] To
throw into the ftomach.

Nor will we affirm that iron, ingejlej, receiveth
in the belly of the ottrich no alteration. Broiun.

Some the long funnel's curious mouth extend,
Through which iitgtjied meats with eafe defceni).

Edackmore.

iNCE'sTiofr. n.f. [from ;«ff/?.] Thcattof
throwing into the ftomach.

It has got room enough to grow into its ftill di-
menfion, which is performed by the daily ingrjlion.
of mine and other food, that's in a Ihort time alter
digeftcd into blood. Hancy_

INGLO'RIOUS. adj. \jnglorius, Latin.]
Void of honour ; mean ; without glory.

I.cft fear return them back to Egypt, chufinp;
Inglorious life with litvitude. Milton.

It was never held inglorious or derogatory lor a
king 11 be guided by his great council, nor dilho-
ijourible tot fubicas 10 yield and bow t9 their king.

tUi%i:el.

I N G

Yet though our army brought not eonqueft home,
I did not fiom the fight inglorious come. Deyjtn,
Ingi-o'riousi.y. adi-. [from iHghtious,]
With ij;nominy ; with want of glory.

This vafe the chief o'eiconje, ^

Replcnilh not ingloritujly at home. Pope,

1'n cot. «. /. [/ingot, French ; or firom in~
ge^oten, melted, Dutch.] A mafs of metal.

Some others were new diiten, and diftent
Into great ingots and to wedges f^uare. Spenfer,

II ihou art rich, liiou'rt poor;
For like an afs, whofe back's with ingoU bound.
Thou bear'llihy heavy riches but ajcM.iiiey
And death unloadeih thee. SLm. Meaf.for Meaf,

Within the circle arms and iripodilie,
In^ts of gold and filver heap'd on high. Dry Jen.

Every one of his pieces is an ingot of gold, iivirin-
fically, and fulidly valuable. Piior.

To Ingra'ff. -J. a. [in undi graff.]
1. To propagate trees by inlition.

Nor are the ways alike in all
Hiw to ingraj, how to inoculate. Mjy'i Virgit,

z. Vo plant the fprig of one tree in the
ftock of another; as, he ingrafted an apple
upon a cra/i.

3. To plant or introduce any thing not na*
tivc.

All bis workton me,
Good or not good, ingraft, my merits thofi;
Shall I erlcift, aud for thole altone. Milton^

As ncKi of kin, Achilles' aims I claim;
This fcUow would ingraft a foreign name
Upon our flock. Dryitn^

4. To fix deep ; to fettle.

For a fpur of diligence, we have a natural third
after knowledge ingrafitd\aVi^. Hooker.

'Tis great pity that the noble Moor
Should hazard fuch a place as his own feciad,
Willi one oian ingraft infirmity. Shakfp. Othella.

Ingrafted love he bears 10 Cafar. Shakefb.

Ingra'ftment. ?/./. [from ingraft.]

1 . The aifl of ingrafting.

2. The fprig ingrafted.

I N c r A ' T E . I adj. [ ingraft/! , L a ti n ; //r-

IngraTe'ful. j grat, French.] Ingrate

is proper, but ingraufnl lefs proper ibaa.

ungrateful.

1. Ungrateful; unthankful.

That we have been familiar,
//.•^rj/trfoigctfuliiefs fliall poifon, rather
Than piiy note how much. Hhakeff. Cor'itdnnuT,

And you deger.'rale, you ingralenseili. Sbakejp,.
So will fall
He and his faiihlcfs progeny : whofe fault ?
Whofe but his own ? Ingrate', he had of me
All he could have j I made him julf and riglK,
Sufficient to have flood though tree to fall. Miltpttt-

Pcrfidious and ingrate !
His (lores ye ravage, and ufurp liis (late. Pope's 0</l

2. Unpleafing to the fenfe.

The caufes of that which is unpleafing or ittgrale
to the hearing, nuy receive light bg tlut which is
picaling ahd grateful to the light. Bacon's Nat. HiJI.
He gives no ingiaieful food. Milton,

ToIngr a'tiate. "u. a. [in anigratia, La-
tin.] To put in favour; to recommend
to kindnels. It lus^evith before the per-
fon whofe favour is fought.

Thofe have been far from receiving the rewards
od'ueh iagrati.!tings v.ili ihepcofit. K. Charhs..
Their managers make them fee .irmics in the aitt
and give iliem their word, the more 'to ingratiate
themfel«s iw'/A th.em, that they figoify nothing Icfs
than future (laughter and defolatioit. Aditifan,

Toliticianr., who would ratlier ingratiate ihcm-
felves with their fovereign than promote his real
rervice,acconmu>datchiS'Counfcls to his inclinations,

SfeB.Uor.

Incra'titude. «.yl [ingraliltide, French;
in and grntititde.\ Retribution of evil for
good; unthanLfuIncfs.
Ingi-iiiilude ! ihou mArblc-hearled fiend.

Mot.

IV G

More hIdfmM, when thou (hewia thee in .1 child,
Than the (a monilcr. Sb^kefpf^reU f^'^g hear.
IngriUitude is ihhorrn} both by God and man,
and vengeance Attends thole that repay cvii for good.

L,^EJirange.

"Sot was it with iMgrattttJi return'd.

In equal Sres the biiiitui couple burii'd ;

Ons jjypoi&fs'd 'em both, ai.d in one grief they

inourii'J. Drjiien.

Incre'dient. K.f. [ingredient, YlCnzh; ia-

greJiens, Lat.J
1. Component part of a body confiding
of different materials. It is cotnmonJy
13 fed of the (ifhples of a medicine.

The ointinent is made of diyers ingreJienUy where-
of the hatdell to come by is the mofs upon the il<ull
ot 3 dead man unburied. Bacon*! Natural Hijiiry.

So deep the pow'r of thefe ingreditntt picrc'd,
Ev'n to the inmoll feat of mental fight,
1'hat Adam, now enforc'd tothut hii eyes,
Sunk down, and all Iiis fpirits became entranc'J.

Milton.
By this way of analyfis we may proceed from com-
pounds to ingredients, and from motions to the forces
producitig them ; anJ in general, fron:i efFeds to their
caufes, and from p.vrticular caules to more general
does, till the argumcQI end in the more general.

Nevjtcn.

1 bate often wondered, (hat learning is not thwight

a proper ingredUnt in the education ol a woman of

quality or fortune. Mddifon'i CnurJian.

Parts, knowledge, and experience, are excellent

tngttdUnii in a public charadcr. Rorcrs.

Water is the chief ingieJUni in all the animal

fluids and Mids. Arbmbnoi m /Himm. s.

». It is ofed by Temple with into, projH;rIy,

but not according to cuftom.

Spleen is a bad ingredient inlt, any other dirtemper.

TeinjiU.

Tncress. n. f, [/'.-^r^/r, Latin.] Entrance;
power of entrance; intromiffion.

All putrefaftions come from the ambient body;
tither by ingreji of the fubftance of the ambient
body into the body putrefied i or el/e by exciution
of the body putrefied by the body ambient. Bacon.

Thofe air-bladders, by a fuddcn lubfidcnce, meet
again by the ingrrfi and egrefs of the air. Arhuili.
Ikcre'ssiun. /i. /. {mgreffioti, Y cvich; in-
grtjfio, Latin.] The aft of entering; en-
trance.

The hre would drain the pores onhe glafi too fud-
denly, and break it all in pieces to get ingrtjpon.

Digiy (,n b'.dies.

r.vcuiNAl.. adj. [inguinal, French; iagutn,
Latin.] Belonging to the groin.

The plague feems to be a particular dilcafe, cha-

n£terifed with eruptions in buboes, by the inflam.

mition and fuppuration of the axillary, inguinal,

and other glands. ylriuihnct.

%> Inc u'lf. -v. a. [/» and gtilf.]

If.. To fwallow up in a vaft profundity.

A river large
JIafs'd underneath ingulfb'd. Milioa.

Catt out from Cod, he falft
Into utter darknefs deep ingulf h'ii. Milton.

The river ftjws redundant j
Then rowlingbacic, in .hit capacious lap,
Ingulfi their whole mtlitu, quick immerft. Philipi.

2. To caft into a gulf.

If »-e adjoin to th« lords, whether they prevail ot

itot, we /'ig*//'ourfclves into aifuicd d.uiger. llajw.
T'olncvKcnxTt.. -v. a. [inguyg/jt), La(.]

To fwallow dCwn. Viet.

ItJCURCiTA'TlON. «./. [froiD ingurgitate]

The aft of fwallowing.
Ikgu'stable. ajj. [/v and ^»/?<;, Latin.]

Not perceptible by the tallc.

As for ihtir lalle, if the ca»eleon's nutriment be
aic, neiilici can the tongue be an inilrunwnt thireol ;
fir the body nf the element ts irgujiabic, void of all
f.'pidily, .ind without any adion ol tlic tongue, 1-,, by
«ii» rough .irtery, of wizzen, conducted imo the
J^ii'- Urtvut'i yulf^it £t rnu'!.

I N n

Isha'bih aetf. [ir.iaiile ; Ffench; inl'aii-
lis, Lat.] UnlkilAi!; unready; unfit;
unqualified.

T'ff Inha'bit. -v. a. [habito, Latin.] To
dwell in ; to hold as a dweller.

Not all are partakers of that grace whereby Chrift

inialiicib v,}iom hefavcih. Hooker.

They fnall Build houfes and inhabit them. Ifaiah.

She (hall be inbahiltd of devils. Barucli.

TolttwK'Bn.'v.n. To dwell; to live.

l.earn what creatures there inhabit. Milton.

'J'bey fay, tyild hearts inhalil here;
Bjt grief and wro.ig fecure my fear. Waller.

Inha'bitable. adj. [from ixhtibit.}

1. Capable of aiFording habitation.

The fixed liars are all of tliem fun5, with fyftems
oi imhaiitable planets moving about them. Locke.

2. [/»*<j^/WA-, French.] Incapable of in-
habitants; not habitable; uninhabitable.
Not in ufe.

The frozen ridges of the Alps,
Or any other f,r»uoJ iiihatitakle. Sl>akffpeare.

Inh a'bi t.-v nc e. H.J. [from inbtibit,] Re-
fidence of d'welkrs.

_ So the ruins yet rclling in the wild moors, teftify
a former inhabitance. Carcw't Sur-vty of Ciriruall.

Ikha'bitatnt.*'./ \iiominhahit.'\ Duell-
er; one that lives or refides in a place.

In this place they report that they faw inbabi-
lanli, which were very fair and fat people. Aiioi.

lithe fervour of the fun were the fole.cauie of
blacknefs in any land of negroes, it were alfo reafon-
able that iniaii.anij of the fame latitude, fufajeded
unto the fame vicinity of the fun, fliould alfo par.
takeof the fzme hue. ' Srira-n.

For his fuppofed love a third
L.1J s greedy hold upon a bird.
And rtands amaz'd 10 find hij dear
A wild inhabitant of th' air. Tfaller.

What happier natures ibrink at with aflright.
The hard inhabitant contends is right. Pope.

Inhabitation. «./. [horn inhaii/.}
I. Habitation; place of dwelling.

Univerfal groan.
As if the whole inhabitation perilh'd. Mi/ton.

z. The aft of inhabiting or planting with
dwellings ;,ftate of being inhabited.

By knowing this place we Ihall tJie betierjudge o^
the begiuuing ol nations, and of the world's /Viia^i-
"'!'"■ . Kaleigb.

3. Quantity of inhabitants.

_ We Ihall rather admire how the earth contained its
inhabitation than doubt it. Brctun'i J^ulgar Err.
Inha'biter. n. f. [from inhabit.^ One
ahat inhabits ; a dweller.

The fame name is given unto the inlanders, or
midland inhabiteri, of this illand. Broun.

Woe to ihe/a,6<j//r<-fiof the earth. Re^rvui. 15.

They ought to undcrlbnJ, tlijt ilicre it not only
fome inbabiter in this divine houfe, but alfo fomc
-"•'"• , Derb

to Inha'le

r N H

They do Uiinhnem tiieirfubjeift which fuFpjry-
• them ; their being is a dependence on a fubjeft.

Digby en Bo.'H,,.

Inherent. «^. [inheretit, French; inha-
rem, Latin.]

1. Exitting in fomething elfe, fo as to be-
infeparable from it.

I will not lio't,
Lel> I furceafe to honour mine own truth;
And, my body's aaiou, teach my mind
A mod inherent balenefs. Sijak^ffear,', Coriofanm..

2. JNatuially conjoined; innate; inbarn.

1 mean not the authority wh^ch isa.nexed to your-
othce, I can Ipeak of that only which is inborn and •
•nbrrcnt to your pcrfon. Dryden's Juvrnal.

I lie power ot dra-.ving irm is one of the ideas of 1
loadltone ; and a power to be lo drawn is a part of the
complex one ot iron j which powers pals for InLercf
qualities. '^ ,..ij

Animal oil is various atcordin
tfrem in it.

Locke*
ling to principles in~
.,., .„ , , -e^riathnot on Aliments.

i hey will be fure to decide in favour of them-
lelves, and talk much of theii inbtreni ng\\t. Swiff-

i be ideas of fuch "-"-i— ■ ^ ■ <•

ent
bei
brail

modes c.in no more be fiitlllj-

, llian the idea of rtdnefe was jult now found to

nhertnt m the blood, or Uut of whitencfs in the

Ti .,. Bentley.

1 he obligations we are under of diftintruifhine

ourfeives as much by .-in inherent and habitual, as w?

are already diftinguilhed by an external and relative

'"'''"''=■ BentUy,

To Inhe'rit. ni. ei. [e-iheriter, French.]
I. To receive or porfpfs by inheritance.

Ticafon is not Int^rited, my lord. X/jakeffear,.

Why, all delights are v.,in ; but that moll vain,
Which with pain purchasM doth inherit pain. Shai.

i riiice H,.rry is valiant; for the cold hlood he did
naturally ;/,ir/-/V of his father he hath, like lean,.
Iteril land, manured with excellent good llore of fer-
^\^"'^- , Sbakcffearei-

Bleired are the meek, for they (hall inherit th»

earth.

Matt.

'Jtrljam.
[inhalo, Latin] To
draw in with air; to infpircj oppofcd
to exhale or expire.

Martin was walking forth to Iniiale thefrelh breeze
of the evening. Arbuibnoi and Pope.

But from the breezy deep the Well inhale
The fragrant murmurs of ilie wcftern gale. Pope.

There liis the Ihcphcrdoii the grady turf,
hhaling healthhjl the dcfcending fun. 'Ihomfmi.
Ikhakmo'nious. adj. [in An A harmonious. ]
Unmufical; not fwect of found. .

(.aiullus, though his lines be rough, and his num-
teniubarmsniout, 1 cnulcl recommend for tlie fofi-
ncfs and delicacy, but mull decline for the loofeiici;,
01 hij thoughts. Fclton.

'Ihe identity of found may appear a little inhar.
monioui, and (hdck the ear, Broome.

T» Inhere. -i;. n. [iuharco, Latin.} To

2.

cxill in fomething elfc.

For, nor in nothing, nnr in

things

Eilreme and icaturuij brijfctjvanlevt /ffAf«. Ootm/.

I-he fon can receive from his father good things, .
without empire, that was verted in him for the good
ol otlieit : and therefore the fon cannot claim or in-
bent It by a title, which is founded wholly on his
own private good. Locke.

We mull know Itow the firft niler, from whom any
one claims, came by his authority, before we can
know who has a right to fuccced him in it, and in-
herit It liom him. Locke

Uuwliiing to fell an eftate he had fome profpei*
of inbennng, he formed delays. AJdi/iif.

Topoflefs; to obtain polfcffion of : in
Shakejpeare. Not tfed.

He, that had wit, would think that I had none,
1 o bury (o much gold under a tree,
And never after to inherit it. Hhakijp. Tiius And.'
iNHii'RiTABLE.aa;/. [from ;>z;«m/.] "1 ranf-
miJible by inheritance; obtainable by
fuccclfion.

A kiniof laic-i/Vj^jVeHat* accrued unto them.
-J , . Carcic,

Ky the ancient laws of ihe realm, thev were not
inheritable to hira by defccnt. - jfr,,y,eard

Was the power the fame, and from the fame ori-
ginal in Mofcs as it was in Oiti,!i And was it in<
beniable in one and not in the other ? Locke.

Inhe'kita.nce. ,v./. [from /nherit.]
I. Piitrimony ; hereditary pofleHion.
W'htu the f)ii dies, let the inieriianre
Uefccnd unto the daugtiier. Si>ali,Jfi,are's Henry VC
Is there yet any portion or inheritance for us in our
father's houfe? Gen. xtsj. 14.

Llaim our jull inheritance of old. . Milton.

() dear, unhappy babe ! mull I bcijueatW ihce
Only a lad inheritance ot woe ?
GoJi I cruel gods! can't all my pains atone,
Unlefs they reach my infant's guillltl's head. Smlthi

I. The reception of polfeflion by hereditary

right.

Men arc not prnpriclorsof what ihcy have merely
forllicmfclves, their children have a title to part of
it, which comes v> bt wholly llicirr, when death

hM

I N H

Iin put an end ta their parents ufc of it ; and thli we
call i.ibttitanrr. Laekt^

2- In SbakeJ'ptare , pofTcflion.

You will rather Ihow our |eccral lowd
How you can frown, than fpcnd a fawn upon themi
For the inhaltancc of their loves, and fafeguard
Of what that want might ruin. Shakeff, CoriiJaaus.
Inhe'ritor. »./. [from inherit,] An heir;
one who receives any thing by fucceflion.

You, liVe a letcher, out of whorifti loins,
Are pleas'd to breed out your inherilors. Shakeff.

Tile very conveyances of his lands will hardly Me
in this box ; and muft the inktritor himfelf have no
more } ^- Shakf/peart,

Marriage without confent of parents they do not
make void, but. they mul£l it in the inher;tors\ for
the children of fuch marriages are not admitted to
inherit above a third part of their parents' inlieri-
tance. Bacon's Ntiv AlUnlis.

Inhe'ritress. ». /. [from iaherilar,] An
heirefs; a woman that inherits.

He haih given artificially fome hopes to Mary
Anne, Inberi^reji to the duchy of Bretagne. Bacon.
Inhe'ritrix. n.y. [from /aAfr/Voj-.] An
heirefs. This is now more commonly
ufed, though iuheritre/s be a won! more
analogically Eiiglifh.

No feme
Should be inhiriirix in Salilce land. Shakefp.

Ye In'He'rse. -v. a, [in and her/e.^ To in-
clofe in a funeral monument.

See, where he lies, inhrrjcd in the arms
Of the mod bloody nurl'er of his harms. Shakefp,

Inhe'sion. »,/. [inha/io, Latin.] Inhe-
rence; .the ftatc of exifting inforaething
elfe.

y« Inhi'bit. i;. fl. [:»^;'^», 'Latin ; irthiber,
French.]

•l. Toreftrain; to.hiRder; to reprefs^ to
check.

Holdiogofihc breath doth help fomewhat toceafc
the. hiccough; and vinegar put to the noillrils, or
{argarifed, doth it alfo, tor that itisaftringent, and
inbiiitetb the motion of the fpirii. H^on.

The rtars and planets being whirled 'about with
great velocity, wouldluddenly, did nothing /W'/^/'/it,
be Ihattered in pieces. Ray on tbt- Creation,

Their .motiens alio are excited and inhiSittdy are
moderated and managed, by the obJe£ls with«ut
them. Btntley.

iL, To prohibit ; to forbid.

All men were inhibited by ' proclamation, at the
diiTolution, fo much as to mention a parliament.

Ciiirendon.
Suriil may^not be iaiiiileJ otdeaUi to any one,

4l!fe.
Inhibi'mon. »./ [inhibition, French; ia-

hibitio, Latin.]
1, Prohibition; embargo.

He might be judged to have impofcd an envious
hibiliti^n on it, bccaufe himfelf has not ftock enough
-to maintain the trade. Covertiment of the Tixgue.

3. (In .few.']

lithiiitieit a a writ to inhibitor {arbid a judge
from farihfr proceeding in the caufe depending before
:him. inhidition is mof^ commonly a writ ilTuing
'Out of a higher court Chritlian to a lower and in-
ferior, upon an appeal ; and prohibition out of the
'king's court to a court 'Ctiriftian, or to an infcrioi
Wmporal court. Coweii.

To Inuo'lo. t. a. [ia and holi/.'\ To have
inherent ; to contain in itfelf.

It is difputed, whciher this light firft created be
the fame which the fun inhotdeib and caKelh forth,
ar whether it had cootiiiuance any longer than till
the fun's creation. Ra/eigb.

Ij«Ho'sriTABLE. aefj. [ia and ho/pitable,'\
Affording no kindnefs or entertainment
to ftrangers.

All placet elfe
inhafflialle appear, and defolatc;
M«t luWWtoj US| D9I kitowo. Milton.

I N I

since (ofs'd from Ihoret to (hores, from land (o
lands,
Inhoffliable rocki and barren fanjt. Dryden't Virg.
I N H o's P i T A B L Y . adv. [from inhoJfilabU.\
Unkindly to ftrangers.

Of giiefts he makes them (lavei
lnbojfUably\ and kills their infant malej. Wilton.

Inho'spitablesess. \ It./. [/\ and iJo///-
Inhospita'lItv, J tality; inI.H>fpila-

lite,Fr.'\ Want of hofpitality ; want of

courtcfyto ftrangers.
INHU'MAN. adj. [inhumain, French; in-

httmanu! ,\.dX.'\ Berbacous; favage; cruel;

uneorapaffionate.
A jutl war may he profecuted after a very unjuft

manner; by perlidious bre;iches of ot»r word, by in-

'buman cruelties, and by afTalfmations. Atterbury.
The more Ihefe praifes were enlarged, the more

inlyuman was the punilhment, and the fufferer inoic

innocent. Svjlft.

Princes and peers attend I while we impart

To you the thoughts of no inhuman heart. Pipe.

Inhum A'NlTy.v./. [iithttmattite , Fr. from
inhuman.^ Cruelty .; favagenefs ; barba-
rity.
Love which lover hurts is inhumanity. Sidney.
The-rudcnefs of thofc who muft make up their
want of jultice with inhumanity and impudence*

Xi>ig Charles.
^ach fecial fee ing fell.
And joylers inhumanity pervades.
And petrities the heart. Tbomfon's Spring.

Inhd'manly. o</x;. [itom itthtttnan.'] Sa-
vagely ; cruel'y ; barbaroufly.

O what are thefe ?
Death'smlnifter, not men: who thus deal death
Inhumanly to men ; and multiply
Ten thouland fold the (in of him who flew
•His brotjier! Milton.

'I, v.A\o have elhbliihed the Whole fyftem of all
true politenefs and refinement in converlaiion, think
myfelf moll inhumanly treated liy my countrymen.

S-wift.
To I'nhumate. "[pj.a. [inhitmer, Fr. bumo,
To lN-riu'M£.. J Lat.] To bury; to
inter.

Weeping they bear the mangled heaps of flain.
Inhume the natives in their native plain. Pope's Od.
To iNJt'cT. i;. a. [injeaus, Lat.]

1. To throw in ; to dart in.

Angels injt£l thoughts into our minds, and know
our cogitations. Glanviile.

2. To throw up ; to caft up.

Though bold in open field, they yet furround
The town with walls, and mound i»j^ on moQnd.

Pope.
Inje'ction. », /. [iiijtSitn, Fr. injeSio,
Lat. J

1. 'I'he a£l of cafting in.

This fait powdered was, by the repeated injeflion
of well-kindled charcoal, made to Halh like melted
nitre. Boyle.

2. Any medicine made to be injefled by a
fyringe, or any other inftrument, into any
part of the body. i^iincy.

3. The atft of filling the veflels with wax,
or any other proper matter, to fhew their
fhapes and ramifications, often done by
anatomifts. i^tincj,

Inimitabi'lity. h. /. [from inimiiaLle,]
Incapacity to be imitated.

Truths mull have an eternal etillence in fome un-
derftanding; 01 rather they are the fame with that
underflanding itfelf, conficlered as variouOy repre-
fcntativc, according to the various modes of inimiia-
bility or participation. Nan is.

Ini'mitable. atlj. [inimilabilis, Lat. /«/-
tnitablt, Fr.] Above imitation ; not to
be copied.

3

I N t

The porfjl flione, inimitaile on earth
By model, or by thading pencil drawn. Milton,

What is molt etccllcnt is moil inimi ehle. V'nk.

And imitate the inimilabie force. Drydtn.

Virgil copied the ancient fculptors, in t}iat />/».*-
table defcription of roilitaiy fury in the temple of
]anus. Addifont

\^\'iA\Tk^'L\. adj. [from i>ttmitab/e.] In
a manner not to be imitated ; V> a dc- ■
gree of excellence above imitation.

A man could r.ot have been always blind who thu\
inimitably copies rattirc. Pope's Effa^itn Ucmgr,

Tiius terribly adnin'J the figures Ihine,
Inimitably wrought with (kill diflne. Ptpe.

Charms fuch as thine, inimitably great. Broome. '
To lajo'lN. nj.a. [enjoiadre, Fr. injunga,

Lat,]
I . To command ; to enforce by authority.
See Enjoin.

Laws do not only leach what is good, but they
injoia it; they have in them a certain cundraining
force, Ht/ker,

1 his garden tend, our pleafant talk I'tjtin'd.

Milttif.

-z^ In Shakc/peare, to join. Not ufed.
The Ottomites
f-teering with due courfe towards the ifle of Rhodec,
Have there injoin'd them with a fleet. Sbakefftare.
Ini'qjjitious. adj. [iniqueyYt, from imi-

<j"'fy.] Unjuft; wicked.
INI'C^JITY. »./. [iiii^ttitas, Lat. inijuiU,

1. Injuftice ; irnrighteoufnefs.

I'hcre is greater or lei's probability of an happ*
ilTue to a tedious war, according to the iighteoulhe»
or inijuiiy of the caufe for wliitii it was commenced.

Smalridge.

2. Wickednefs ; crime.

VV.int of the knowledge of God is the caufe of all
inijuily amongft men. Hooker,

Till God at la(t.
Wearied with their iniquities, withdraw
His prcfence from among them. Milton,

Ini'tiax, adj, [ii.iltat, Fr. initialise from
initium, Lat.]

1. Placed at the beginning.

In the editions, which had no more than the m/-.
tial letters of names, he was made by keys to hurt the
inoftciilive. % Pope.

2. Incipient ; not complete.

Moderate labour of the body conduces to the pre-
fer\'3tion of health, and cures many initial difeafes{
but the toil of the mind dcllroys health, and gens'*
rates maladies. Harvey,

The fchools have ufed a middle term to cxprcfs
this afl'ctthon, and have oiled it the initial fear of
God. Rogers,

•ToIni'tiate, I'.a. [initier.Vt, ».■;///«, Lat,]
To enter; to inftruft in the rudiments
of an art ; to place in a new ftate ; to put
into a new fociety.

Piovideiice would only initiate mankind into (he
ufeful knowledge of her trealures, leaving the reft to
employ our indijllry. M'trc's Ant. againfl Alhtifm^

i'o initiate his pupil in any part oi learning, an
ordinary Ikill in the governoiir isenough. Lo.'kc,

He vs'as initiated into half a dozen clubs before he
was one and twenty. Spefiator,

No fooaer was a convert initiated, but, by an e.ify
figure, he became a new man. AJdifon,

To Ini'tiate. -v, n. To do the firft part;
to perform the firft rite.

The king himfelf initiates \a the pow'r.
Scatters withquiv'ting hand the fatred flour,
And the ftream fprinkles. Popt'i Odyffey,

iKi'TiATi. adj. [initie, Ft. initiaiut, Lit.l
Unpraiflifed,

My (Irange and fclf-abuTe
Is the initiate fear, that wants hard ufe :
We're yet but young, Shakefpeare's Mafbeth.

Initia'tion. «. /, [iniiiaHo, Lat. from
initiate.'^ The reception, admillion, or

entratice

IN J

entrance of a new comer info an/ art oA

fiate.
The ground of iniiiating or enMring men into

Chriftim life, is more fumnijrily comprifed in the

form-of bapjifm, the ccteroo«ji of ihij iniiialion in-

ftituled by Cbrilt. Hammond.

SUtnce is. the firft thing that is taught us at our

iniiialhn into ficrcd mjlleries. Brnmc.

Injucu'ndity. n. J. \in vaAjHCundH^.^

Uipieafantnefs.
Ikju'dicable. adj. \in va^ judko, Lat.]

Not cognizable by a judge.
Injudi'cial. a^. \in znii judicial. ^ Not

according to form of law, Di&,

IsjuDi'cious. adj. [/» andyW/f/ffar.] Void

of judgment;, without judgment. Ufed

both of perfons and things.

A philofopher would either think me in jeft, or
nery injudicicui, if I took the caith for a body regu-
lar in iu'elf, if compared with thereiiof the uuivertc.

hurii'it.

A (harp witmajifiad&melhing in the wifeftman,

whetcky to opofe himto the contempt of injudkious

people. CiiLtJiH.

Imjudi'ciously. adj. [from itijudicioui.^

With ill judgment ; not wifely..

Scaligec injudicii^i'Jly condemos this dercription.

Broime,

Inju'nction. » /. [from injoin; inj\tniim,
iBiu/:^iro,1.3t\n.J-

1. dommand ; order; precept.

The intliluiion of Cod's law is defetlbcd at being
sftabliOwd by Wemn iKjuxliimi, Uoaier.

My duty cannot fuffcr
T' obey in all vour diughter's hard commando ;
Though the injitn^ion be to bar my doors,
Ar.d let this tyrannous night take hold upon you.

Sijie/f.

y For ftill they knew ; and ought t' have ftill re-

member'd

The high ixjmraicit, not totafte that fruit.

Whoever templed. MUun.

The cettmonics of the church are recelTary as the

hjunliiciu of lawful authority, the praflice ot the

primitive church, and the general rules of decency.

Smth.

2. [In law.] Injunaion is an interlocutDry
degree out of the chantery, fomi times
to give poflcflion unto the plaintiff for
want of appearance in the defendants,
fometimes to the king's ordinary court,
and fometimes to the coun-chriftian, to
(lay proceeding. Ctrwel.

Tal'NjURE. V, a. \injurier,. Ft. injuria,

Lat.]-
1. To hurt unjuftly ; "to mifchief undo-

fervedly ; to wrong.

They wjthre by chance in a crowd, and without
a dctigii ; then haie always whom they have onte m-
jtir.J. ttrnfle.

Forgivenefi to the injur'Jioxh belong ;
But they ne'er pardon who commit the wrong.

Dryd<x.

z. To annoy ; to aSieii with any inconve-
nience.

Left heat Ihould iitjure us, hit timeljr.care
Hath unbefought provided. Allltox.

I'NjtTRKH. ». /. [from injure.'] He that
hurts another unjuftly; one who wrongs
another..

Ill deeds arc well t'jro'd back upon iheir authors ;

And 'gaiclt an iftjynr the revenge u jull. Btn *J'^nJ.

The upright judge will countenance ri^ht, and

difcountenance wrong, whoever be the injurrr or the

fufferer. Aiierbury.

l>juaious. adj. [from injury; injuriui,

l.at. injurieiix, French.]
Iv Unjuft; invafive of another's rights.

Till the injur ir.ui Roman did extort
thit uibutc irom ut, we were free. &taktff.

1 a kb» uwuic ji

I N K

Ixjurioui ftrength would rapine ftill excufe,
' By ott 'ring terms the weaker mult relufe. Dryitn.
2. Guilty of wrong or injury.

Yet beauty, though injurious, haih ftrange power,
.^fier oflence returning, to regain
Love once pofleft. Miiton^s jigoni^fs,

J. Mifchievous ; unjuftly hurtful.

Our repentance is not real, becaufe wc have not
done what we can to undo our fault, or at Icalt to
hinder the injurhus confequcnces of it from proceed-
ing. Tiliotf rt.

4. Detraflory ; contumelious; reproachful;
Wrongful.

A prilbn, indeed injurioui^ becaufe a prilbn, but
elfe well telVifying affeSion, becaufe in all refpefts
as commodious as a priion can be. Sidnty.

It is natural for a man, by direfling his prayers to
animage, to fuppofe the thing he prays- to repre-
Jented by that image : which how injurious.^ how
contumelious mull it be to the glorious nature of God.

South.

If injurious appellations were of any advantage

to a caufe, what appellations would thole deferve

who endeavour to fow the feeds of li:dition ? Stvift.

Inji;'riouslv. adi: [from injurious,]

Wrongfully ; hurtfully ; with inj'ullice ;

with contumely.

Nor ought he to negleS ttt vindication of his
characlur,. when it ia injurU^Jy attacked. -

Pope ardCay.
Inju'riousness. n. /. [from iirjurious.]
Quality of being injurious.

Some mifcarriages might cfcape, rather through
fuJden neceflities cl itate, than any propcnfity eith.r
to itjjuricujntfs or opprcfTion. ^'"g Cbarln,

I'NJURY. n. f. {mjuria, Lat. ii^ure, Fr.]
I.- Hurt without juHice.

The places were aciiuired byjuft title ofviflory;
and therelore in keeping of them no injury was of-
fered. Hayu-ard.

Riot afcends above their loftiefl tow'rs.
And inju r^ and outrage. Milton.

2. Mifchief; detriment.

Many times we do injury to a caufe by dwelling
upon trifling arguments. ffalti's Logick.

3. Annoyance..

Crkat injuries mice lod rat5 do iaihe iie!d>.

Af'.r.'i'mer.

4. Contumelious language; reproachful ap-
pellation. A French mode of fpeech,
not now in ufe.

Calling ofTihe refpefls fit to be continued between
great kings, he fell to bitter inveiffives againft the
Ficnch king; and fpake ail the injuries he cuuld de-
vife of Charles. Bacon.

Inju'stice. It./, [injujiice, Fr. injtjlitia,
Latin.] Iniquity; wrong.

Cunning men can be guilty of a thoufand injufiicts

without being diiJcovered, or at lealt- v/ithout being

punilhed. Hivift.

INK. n.f. {encre, Fr. inchiofiro, Italian.]

I. The black liquor with which men write.

Mourn boldly, my inlt ; for while (he looks upon
you, your blacknefs will Ihiue. Sidniy

O! Ihe's fallen
Into a pit of inlt, that the wide fca
Hath drops too few to wa(h her clean again. Sliak.

Like madmen they hurl'd (loiies and ii;i.

Ben yon/on.

Intending to have Iry'd
The lilvertavour which you gave^ .
In ink the Ihining point I dy'd,
And drench'd it in the fable wave. Ifa//er.

Vitriol is the aiSive or chief ingredient in ink, and
noother f.ilt will llrike the colour with galls. Brown.

I have found pern blacked aUnoft all over when 1
had a while caitied them about me in a filver ;>it-
case. Boy/e.

The fecrelary poured the Ink box all over the wri-
tings, and fo drf.iced ihem. Hour/'i f^oca/ FortJI.

He that would live clear of euvy mult lay his finger
upon his mouth, and keep his hand out of the ink
pot. L'Ejlrange.

I N L

I could hardfy reftrain them from throwing the M
bottle at one another's heads. ArhuthnoT,

2. Ink is ufed for any liquor with which

they write : as, red ink ; green ini.
To luK. -v. a [from the noun.] To black
or daub with ink ; as, his /ace is all tmer
inked.
Inkho'rn. n./. [wif and ^«r».]- A portable
cafe for the inftruments of writing, com-
monly made of hoi n.

Bid hrm bring his pen and /jriC-AerJV tothe jail ; we-
are now to examine thofe men. ^bai^rff.

Ere that we will fur'cr fuch a prince
To be difgraced by an inktiern mate.
We, and our wives a.id children, all will fight.
. Sbakefp.

What is more frequent than to fay a filver inkhotrii -

Greiu.

I'nkle. n. /. A kind of narrow fillet; a-
tape.

Inkles, caddilTes, cambricks, lawns : why he fongi..:
them over as they were gods and goddefles. Shakejf-;

I twitch 'u his dangling garicr from his knee;.
He wift not when the hempen ftring I diew.
Now mine I quickly doff oiinkU blue. Gay's Fafl,

I'nklino. v,/ [This word is derived by.
Skinner from inklincktn, to found within;'
This fenfe is ftill retained in Scotland : as,
/ heard not an inkling.] liint ; whifpet;,
intimation.

Our buhnefs -is not trnknowii to the fenate ; they

Have had ;>M«^ what we intend to do, which now

we'll lliew ihem in deeds. Sbakefp. Coriolanus.

We in Europe, notwithftanding all the remote dif-

I coveries and navigations of this laft age, never heard '

I of any of the leaft inkling orglimpfe of this ifland.

Bacon's Neitj /Ulartis,
They had fome inkling offccret meffa^cs between
the marquis of Newcaftle andyeting Hotham.

Clarendon,

Aboard a Corinthian veflel hegotan ;W;/ffgamong

the Ihip's crew of a confpiracy. L'^irange.

I'NKMAKfR. ». /. [ink ATii maker.] He

who makes ink.
I'Nity. adj. [from ink.]

1. Confifting of ink.

England bound in with the triumphant fea,
Whofe rctky (hore beats back the envious fiege
01 wai'ry Neptune, is bound in with (hame.
With inky blots and rotten parchment bonds. Shak, .«

2. Refcmbling ink.

The liquor prefcnllji began to grow pretty clear and
tranfpareiit, lofing its inkj blacknefs. Boyle,

3. filack as ink.

'Tis not alone ray Inkf cloak, good mothet;,..
Nor culloinary fuiis of lolemn black, .
That can denote me truly. Siake/f. Hamlet j

I'fiLAND. adj. [in and land.] Inieriour.; .
lying remote from the fea.

In this widoiW.rW fea, th.it hight by name, -
'J'he idle lake, my wand'ring fliip I row. Spcnfer.

Coodly laws, like liiile inland feas, will carry
even ftiips upon their waters. Spenfcr.

.\n old religious uncle of mine was in his youth, .
an inl,ind man. Shakefp. As you like it. .

A fublliiute (hincs brightly as a king, .
Until a king be by ; ajid then his Itate
Empties itfelf, as doth an inland bro k^
Into the main of waters. Shakefp. Merch. o/V^emce,

This perfon did publilh a pamphlet printed in
England for a general excife, or inland ialy. Stuift.

I'nland. »./. Interiour or midlaniJ parts.

Out of thcfe fmall beginnings, gotten near to the-
mountains, did tliey fptead tliemlilves into the ;b-
land. Spenfer,

They ofthofe marches (hall defend >
Our inland from the pilfering borderers. Siateff,
The reft were all
Far to th' inland sn'u'i, about the wallj
Of I'andamonium. Milton,

r.M L A N D E R. «. /. [from ittlattd. ] DwelJci
remote from the fea.

Millon.

Matter

MUMi,

1 N M

■"The time name is given uiuo the inlamicrsi or
H'ldlaoJ inhabiters of this ilUiiJ. B<au<it,

fa Inlapidate. ti. a. [mzniHiapi'lii, Lat.J
To make ftoney; to turn to ftotic.

Some inturtl fpring-watcrs will inhfiJMf Wood j
fo that you Aall fee one piece of wooJ, whereof the
pirt aVjve the water lliall continue wood, and the
part under the water fliall be turned into a kind of
irarelly rtonc. ^ *■««'•

7i Inla'y. V. a. [ill and Agi.j
I. To diverfify with different bodies in-
f«rted into the ground or fubllratum.

Thev are worthy
To inlay he'a»'n with ftarJ. Siaifjf. CymMinf.

Look, how the iioor oiheav'n
Is thick iitUiJ with patens of bright gold. SLiir/f.

A faphirc throne, i/i/aiii with pure
Amber, and colours of the (howVy arch. Miltcn.

The timber bears a great price with the cabiiict-
makois, when large, (or Mayitig- ^J'timcr-

Here clouded canes midft heaps of toys are touivd,
And inlaid tweeier-cafes ftrow the ground . Cyi.

a. To make variety by being inferred into
bodies ; to variegate.

Sea-girt illes.
That like to rich and various gems inlay
The unadorned bofom of the deep.

I.NUA'Yk n. /. [from the verb.]
inlaid ; wood formed to inlay.

Under foot the violet.
Crocus, and hyacinth, with rich inhy
Broider'd the ground.

Tol-Uhh'-w. -u.a. [r« and /rtTv.J To dear
of outlawTy or attainder.

It (hould be a great incongruity to have them to
make laws, who themfelves were not iiilaii-ed.

Baccn.

I'mlet. n./. \in and fo.] Paffage j place of
jngrefs ; entrance.

Doors and windows, inlets of men and of light, 1
couple together ; I find their dimenfions brought un-
der one. , mmn.

She through the porch »t»d inltt of eachfenle
Dropt in ambrofial oils till flie leviv'd. •'f ^""J-

1 defire any one to aflign any fimple idea, which is
rot received from one of ihefe intelu l.ocke,

A fine bargain indeqd, to part with all ourcom-
■lodioiis ports, which the greater the iWrf is are fo
much the better, for the imaginary plealurc of a
Itraightlhore. ^ ^ ^'•''%-

Inlrii amongft broken lands and iflands. tUn.

«I'ki.y. adj. [trom /«.] Interiour; internal;
fecret.

Did'ft thou but know the inly touch of love,
Thou wculd'll as foon go kindle lire with fnow.
As feck to quench the lire of love with words. .VAj«.

iNi-y. a</t/- Internally J within; feeretly ;
in the heart.

Her heart with joy unwonted /Ji/y fwcU'd,
As feeling woiid'rous comfort in her weakcj eld.

^ftnfcr,

I've /rt/)! wept.
Or (hould have fpokc ere this. Shahjp. Temfift.

Whereat he inly rag'd, and as they talk'd,
Smote him into the midrilVwith a Hone,
That beat out life. Mtllcn.

Thefc growing thoughts my mother loon per-
ceiving ,
By words at times caft forth, inly rcjbic d. mUlott.

The foldiers (liout around with gen'rous rage ;
He prais'd their ardor: inly pleas'd to fee
^•„Lft. Dryd^n's Kn,ght's Tah.

I'nmate, n.f. {ill animate.]

Ininutti arc thole that be admitted to dwell for
.their money jointly wii!i aiioihcr man, though in
fewral rooms of his manfion-houfe, palling in and
out by one door. ,.,.,,, '^'^'"■

So Ijake the enemy of mankind, ipclos d
In ferp«ni, inmatf bad ! and towaid Eve
AJdreffcd the way. Millm.

There he dies, and leaves his race
Crowing into a nation; and now grown,
Subjcrted to a fe^uentkiiig, who fccks \

Tb itop their overgrowth, as inmW'guelh
Tco Bumcrous. <W///e»'< I'ariJift Ufi,

DryJrn.

nvtim ;

wit

Home It the facted refuge of our lifci
Secor'd fr«m all approaches but a wife;
If then we fly, the caulc admits no doubt,
None but an inmate foe could forie us out.
Inmost, adj. [from /«.] Deepeft.
remotcft from the fiirface.

Tis you mult: dig with mattock and with fpade.
And pierce the w/^a/T centre of tiic earth. i)hakcff.

Riling iigbs and tailing teais,
That (how too well the warm de(ir«J,
Thefilent, llow, confuming fires,
Which on my inrntji vitals prey,
And melt my very foul away. AJdifiH oH Uiily.

Comparing the quantity of light rcflcdcd from the
feveral rings, I found that it was moft copious from
the firft or Ininofi, and in the eitterior rings became
lefsandleCi, •..; Nctmoli.

He fends a dreadful groSn ; the faplds around
Through all their inmiji hollow caves refour)d. Pope

1 got into the irtmujt court. Gvlliver'i Travels.

INN. ti. /. [inn, Saxon, a chamber.]

8. A houfe of entertainment for travellers.

How all this is but a fair inn.
Of fairer guefts which dwell within. Sidney

Palmer, quoth he, dcuh is an equal doom
Togood and bad, the common inn of reft j

But, after dc.ith, the trial is to come,
When bed (hall be to ihcm thatlived belt. Fairy i^.

Now day is fpent,
Therefore with me ye may take up your im.

Fairy ^cen.

The Weft .yet glimmers with fome ftreaks ol day,
Now fpurs the lated traveller apace
To gain the timely inn. St.tkeff. Machcih,

Like pilgrims to th' appointed phce v.e tend;
The world's an inn, and death the journey's end.

Dry den.

One tn«y learn more here in one day, than in a
year's rambling from one inn to another. Lackc.

2. A houfe where ftudcnts were boarded
and taught ; whence we ftill call the col-
leges of common law;a»/ of court.

Go foirie and pull down the Savoy; others to tlie
WW of court; down with them all. Sljaieff).

3. It was anciently ufed for the townhoufes
irl which great men refided when they at-
tended the court.

To Inn. t. ». [from the noun.} To take
up temporary lodging.

In ihyfelf dwell ;
/w« any where; continuance maketh hell. Daiine.

To Inn. Of. a. To houfe; to put under

cover.

He that ears my land, fpares my team, and gives
me leave to /.;« the crop. Sbakrfp.

Ilowfocver the laws made in that parliament did
bear good fruit, yet the fubfidy bare a f >uit that proved
harlh and bitter, all was Inned at laft into the king's
|,jni. Bacon's Hcfiry VII.

Mow clover or r)C-gra(i, and make it lit to inn.

Mortimer.

INNA'TE. \
INNATED. J

adj. [ixne, French, i/inatiu,
Latin.]

Inborn ; ingenerate ; natural ; not fu-
peradded ; not adfcititious, Itinated is
not proper.

The Drulnian hath been cried up for an Imated
integrity, and acc^unlcj the uprightcll dealer on
earth. Hoivel.

Wirh eloquence Innate his tongue was arm'd ,•
Though harlh the precept, yet the people charm 'd.

Drydm.
"2. hmatt is ufcd in the following pafliigc
for irrbeitnt. Innate in perfons, hiheicnt in
things.

Mutual gravitation, or fpontaneous altra^ion,
cannot poflibly be imuite and clfential to matter.

Bcntlcy.

Inna'teness. ». /. [from innate.'\ The

quality of being innate.
Inn v'vic ABLE. adj. [;>»if(»v/(»w^»7(>, Latin.]

Not to be paffcd by failing.
<

I N N

If ]r«u (a hard a toil will underulcc,
' As twice to pafs ih' innavigable lak<(. DryJeil.

I'nner. adj. [from »>.] Interiour; not
outward.

But 111' el6u knight with wonder all the way
Did feed his eyei, and Gll'd his inter thought.

' , Sftn/er,

This attraiSs the foul.
Governs the >>"nT man, tlie nobler part ;
Tiiat other o'er the body only reigns. MlltM.

Many families are eOablilbed in the Weft-InBicsj
and feme difcovcrcd in the I'wirr pari! of America.

Addi/on's Spcajlar,

The kidney is a conglomerated gland, which it

to he uhdcrfVood only of the outer part ; for the inner

part, whereof the papill.'C arc compofed, is mufcular.

Grrtf.

Thus, fcii'dwithfacred fear, the monarch pray'dj

Then to his inner court his guelU convey 'd. I^opr.

Innermost, adj. [from inner. It feems
lefs proper than inmofl.] Remoteft from
the outward parr.

The reflcded beam of light would be fo broad at
the dirtance of lix feet from the fpcculum, where the
rings appeared, as to obfcure one oi*'tVvo of rhe tA*
Bfimi/? rings. JVcuton.

Innho'luer »./. [/■//« and hc/d.] A mail
who keeps an inn ; an innkeeper,

I'nninos, n./. Lands recovered from the
fea. jlin/.

lNNKE*ErER. »./. [inn and ieeper,] One
who keeps lodgings and provjfions for
the entertainment of tra\ellers.

Clergymen mull not keep a tavern, nor a judge be

an innkeeper, ^aylur's Rule vf living h-ily.

A faflious itrnhfifer was hanged, drawn, aud

quartered. .iJdi/cn's Fr,eiji,IJ:r.

We were not fo inquifitive ahout iKe inn as the irot-

kcepcr \ and provided oar landlord's principlei were

found, did not take any aoiice of the ftaUnefs of his

provilions. Addifon,

1'nnocenge. \ n<. f. [inmceiKe, Fr. iaao-

I'nnockkcy. j cemia, Latin ]

1. Purity from injurious aftion ; untainted
integrity.

Simplicity and fpotlefs Imiocenee. Rliliox,

What comfort does overflow the devout foul froia
a confcioufnefs of its own innaccxcf and integrity !

Till<ilf»i,

2. Freedom ffom guilt imputed.

It will help me nothing
To plead my inmum-e ; for that dy* is on me
Which makes my «liit'ft p.irt black. Stakcff.

It' truth and upright innocency fail me,
I'll to the king my mailer. Shakefp. HenrylV,

3. Harmleffiicfs ; innoxiotifnefs.

The air was calm and fercne ; none of ifiofc tu*
multuarv motions and *contii(5)s of vapours, which
llie mountains and the winds caiifc in ours; 'twas
fuited to a golden age, and to the firH innitcency of
nature. Burnet's Theory.

4. Simpfitity of heart, perhaps with fomc
degree of weaknefs.

I urge this childhood proof,
Bec.iufe whatlollows is puix* innocence. Shakefpeare,

We laugh at the malice of apes, as well as at the
/«n!/ir«« of children. Timple.

I'NNOGENT. adj, [innocent, Fr. itinoam,
. Lat.]
I. Pure from mifchicf.

Something
You may deferve ol him through me asd'wifdom.
To oflfcr up a weak, poor, Innocent lamb,
T' appeafc an angry God. Sbakefp. Macietb.

VVreck on innocc/ii frail man his lofs. Mfltcti,

Z. Free from any particular guilt.

Good madam, keep yourfelf A-ithin yourfelf ;
The man is innocent . Skakefp. Ant. and Clei.patra;

The peafant, inm^cent of all ihcfc ills,
With crooked ploughs (he fertile fallows tills,
And the round year with daily labour fills. Drydctt,

%, Unhurtful: harmlefs in eflefts.

The

\

I N N

The fp«r
Sung :nK:cen:, and fpent its forct ia air. Fcft.

I'nnocent. n.f,
1. One free from guilt or harm.

So pufc an :r.nccent as •^•it fame lamb. F,.xtry i?.
Thou haft kill'd tlie IwrcKll inmcent.
That e'er did lift up eye. Shjktfp. Olhello.

If murth'ring innxttrrs be executing.
Why, then tliou art an executioner. Saie/f, H. VI.
2> A natural ; an idiot.

inttocer.rsATi excluded by natural defers, ihsker,
I'n.vocently. adv. [from ;/r/toff///.]

1. Without guilt.

The humble and contented man pleafcs himfelf
innoc€nlly and cafily, while tire ambitious man at-
tempts to pleafe others lintully and difficultly. South.

2. With fimplicity; with fillinefs or im-
prudence.

3. Without hurt.

Balls 1^ liis feet lay innocently dead; Coxrley.

INNO'CUOUS. adj. {innocuu!, Lat.j
Harmlefs in effefls.

The moil dangerous poifons, (kilfully managed,

may be made not only innacubusy but of all other

medicines the motl elfc<£tual. Grrw.

Inno'cuousi.y. ad-v. [from innocuous.^

Without mifchievouseficfts.

Whether quails, from any peculiarity of conllitu-
tion, do innoru^vjly feed upon hellebore, or rather
fomclimes but medically ufe the fame. Btrwn.

Inno'cuousnfss. n. J. [from iunecueus.'\
Harmleflnefi.

The blow which (hakes a wall, or beats it down,
and kills men, haih a greater edcil on the mind
than that which penetrates into a mud wall, and
(Uth little harm ; for that inmcuiufncft of the etfeft
makes, that, although in itfelf it be as great as the
other, yet *iis little obfcrvcd. ^'g^y on BoJUt.

To I'iNNOVA'rE. 1: a. [wmver, Fr. in-
novo, Lat.]

1. To bring in fomething not known be-
fore.

Men purfue fome few principles which thejr hare
chanced upon, and care not to inmvute, which draws
vaknown inconvenieDCic. Baan.

Formtr things
Are fct afide like abdicated kings ;
And every moment alters what is done,
. And inntn/aiei fome ait 'till then unknown. Dryd.
Every man cannot diHinguilh betwixt pedantry
and fortry ; every man therefore is not ht to innmate,

DtyJen.

2. To change by introducing novelties.

From his attempts upon the civil power, he pro-
ceeds to itinovatt God's worihip. Houih.
Inxova'tio.v n. / [innu'valio/t, Fr. from
innavaie.] Change by the intrududUon
of novelty.

The love ot things ancient doth argue ftayednef; ;
kut levity and want ot experience maketh'aut into
inncvjtiini. fiioHer.

It were gi«d that men in innnjatians would follow
the example of time iilelf, which indeed iniiovaieth
(really, but (juietly and by degrees. Bacon't Ejfayi.

Crea' changes may be made in a government, vet

the form coi.tuiue ; but large inti-rvals of time mull

pifs between every fuch inmvaikn, enough to make

It of a piece with the conftitution. S-wi/i.

Iknova'tor. n. /. [mmyvattur, Fr. from

ianovalt ."^
A. An introduflor of novelties.

I attach thee as a tnhcious innovator,
4> foe to ih" publlck wcjI. Hbukrfj,. Corhlaniii.

He thit will iK>i apply new remedies, mull expeif
■ew evils 5 for time is the grcatcit innovator : and if
time ol couric alters things to the worlV, and wil'dom
and council (hall not alter them to the better, what
ihall be the end > BMon', KJfay,.

2. One that makes changes by introducing
novelties.

He counfcis them to detcft and perfccute all inno.
«<irtrr of divine worihip. Houtb,

INNO'XIOU!). adj. [junoidm, Lat.]
Vot. I,

I N O

. Free from mifthievous eifefts.

InnoxhuM flames are often feen on tte hair of
men's heads and horfes' manes. iJigby.

\\ e may fafely ufe purgatives, they being benign,
and oi innoxhu! qualities. Brown's l^uigar Err.

Sent by the better genius of the night.
Innoxious gleaming on the horfe's mane,
The meteor fits. tham/an's Autumn.

2. Pure from crimes.

Stranger to civil and religious rage,
The good man walk'd innoxious through his age.

P^fe.
Inno'xiously. adv. [from iamxious.]

1. Harmlefsly; without harm done.

2. Without harm fuffered.

Animals, that can innoxiouj/y d]ge(i thefc poifons,
become antidotal to tlicpoifon digefted.

Brmi'n's f^uigjr Errours.
Ikno'xiouskess. h. /. [from innoxious.]

Harmleflhefs.
In.nue'ndo. ». /. [innuendo, from innuo,
Latin.] An oblique hint.

As if the commandments, that require obedience
and forbid murder, were to be indidled for a Ubtllous
innuendo upon all the great men that come to be con-
terncd. Vtjirunge.

Menrury, though employed on a quite contrary
errand, owns it a marriage by an innuendo. Dry Jen.

Purfue your trade of fcandal.picking.
Your hints that Stella is no chicken j
Your innuendoes, when you tell us,
That Stella loves to talk with leliows. Sv.ift.

In.vu'merable. adj. [innumerablf,'Yt. in-,
numerabilu, Lat.] Not to bc counted for
multitude.

You have fent innumerihle fubftance
To furnilh Rome, and to prepare the ways
You have fordignities. Shakefftart's Henry VUI.
Cover me, ye pines,

Ye cedars ! with innumetable boughs

Hide me where 1 may never fee them more. Milton.

In lines, whi;h appear of an equal length, one

may be longer than the other by innumerjtle pan?.

■ Locke.

lNNtJMERABl.Y. ad-v. [from innumerable.]

Without number.
Iknu'me»ous. «<^'. [innuwrus.'La.i.] Too
many to be counted

I N O

too deep, left you wound the ftock : then
having cut offthe leaf from the bud, leav-
ing the footftalk remaining, make a crofs
cut about half an inch below the eye,
and with your knife flit olFthe bud, with
part of the wood to it. 1 his done, with
yoijr knife pull off that part of the wood
which was taken with the bud, obferving
whether the eye of the bud be left to it
or not ; for all thofe buds which lofe their
eyes in ftripping are good for nothing:
then railing the bark of the ftock, thruft
the bud therein, placing it fmooth be-
tween the rind and the wood of the ftock ;
and fo having exaAly fitted the bud to
the ftock, tie them clofely round, taking
care not to bind round the e)e of the
bud. Miller.

In the ften of Elaiana they al! met, and came to

be ingrafted all uj^on one llotk, mod of them by ino.

cuUtion. lh'j.et.

2. 'Hie pradice of tranfplanting the fmalL.
pox, by infufion of the matter from ripen-
ed puftules into the veins of the unin-
fedled, in hopes of procuring a milder fort
than what frequently comes by infection.

Qjiincy.

It is evident, by in'-.cuhticn, that the Imalleli

quantity of the matter, mixed with the blood, pro-

duccth the difeafe. Aibuthmt.

Inocula'tor. n.f. [from inoculate.'^

I. One that praftifes the inoculation of

trees,
z. One who propagates the fmall-pox by

inoculation.
Had John a Gaddcfden been now living, lit wouIJ

have been at the head of the inocuUtors.

'Twoflid be fome folace yet, fome little chcaring,
In this clofe dungeon of innumerout boughs. Alilton.

I take the wood.
And in thick thelter of innum'rous boughs,
Enjoy the comfort gentle lleep allows. Pofe's Odyjf.
To I N o'c U L A T E . i;. ». [i/toculi, in and octilus,
Lat.] To propagate any plant by infert-
ing its bud mto another ftock ; to prac-
tife inoculation. See Lvoculation.

Ndr are the vf.ys alike in all
How to ingrafT, hovwKo inoculate. May's Firgil.

Now is the fcafon for ihe budding of the orangc-
trte : innoculate therefore at the commencement o<
this month. E-velyn.

But various are the ways to change the ftate.
To plant, to bud, togratt, to inoculate. Drydrn.

To Ino'culats, -v. a. To yield a bud to
another ftock.

Virtue cannot fo inoeuUte our o!<Vftock, but we
(h^ll relilh of it. Shakeffiare' s Hamlet.

Thy ftock is too much out of date,
For tender plants t' inoculate. Cltaveland.

Where lilici, in a lovely brown,
Inoculate carnation. CUaveland.

Inocula'tio.'*. n.f. \inoculatio, Lat. from

inoculate.]
I. Inoculation is praftifed upon all forts of
ftonc frtiit, and upon oranges and jaf-
mines. Chufe a fmooth part of the ftock;
then with your knife make an horizontal
cut acrofs the rind of the ftock, and from
the middle of that cut make a flit down-
wards about two inches in length in the
form of a T; but bc careful notlo cut

Freind's HiJI. of Pkyjick.
Ino'dorate. adj. [in and odoratus, Lat.]
Having no fcent.

Whites are mote inoiorate than flowers ef the fame
kind coloured. Bacon's Natural Hijlory,

Iko'dokovs. adj. [imdorut, L^t.] Wanting
fcent; not affediing the nofe.

The white of an egg is a vifcous, unaflive, infi.

pid, inodorous liquor. Ariutinot on Alimcnti.

Inoffe'nsive. <ja'/. [imnA offenjive.] '

1. Giving no fcandal; giving no provoca'.
tion.

A lltanger, inoffetijive, unprovoking. tletlivotj.

However inojjenjrue we may be in 01 her pans rf
cur conduit, it we are found wanting in this trial of
our love, we (hall bc dilbwued by Cod as traitors.

Kogert,

2. Giving no uneafinefs ; caufinguo terror.

Should infants have taken ofti:ncc at any thing,
mixing pleafant and agreeable appcirances with it,
mult be ufed, 'till it be grown inoffen/ne to them.

Lockt,

3. Harmlefs; h u rtle fs ; iimocent.

For drink, the grape
She crulhes, inoffenjive mull. Milton.

V\'ith whate'cr gall thou fcl'ft thyfelf to wliie,
Thy inojfcnjivf tatires never bite. Dtydcn.

Hark, how the cannon, inojfenfxte now,
Gives figns o^gratulalion. Phillips.

4. Uncrabarrafled 4 without flop or ob-
ftrudtiun. A L.itin mode of lj)ecch.

From hence a palTagc broad.

Smooth, cafy, in ff ijiiie, down to bclL Milan.
Inoffe'nsivkly. adv. [from iaoffenftve.]

Without ap^arance ol harm; without

harm,
Inofte's-si VENE3S. w./. [from inoffeiif.i'e.]

Harmkirnefs; freedom from appearance

of harm. •
Injffi'cious, adj. [wand officious,] Not

6 P civil .

1 N QL

civil; not attentive to the accommoda-
tion of others. ^ . . ,

Ino'pikate. adj. [impinatus, lAt. impiue ,
ft.] Notexpefted. .

Inopportu'ne. ai/J. {inopportuvut, Lat.J
Unfeafonable ; inconvenient.

Ino'rdinacy. «./. [ixova inordinate.] Ir-
regularity ; diforder. It is fafer to ufe
inordinaticn.

They become very finful by the excefs, which
were not fo in their nature : that imrdlnacy lets
tliem in oppofilion to God's defignation.

Go-vefumcnl of the Tongue.

Ino'rdikate. adj. [in and ordinatus, Lat. |
Irregular; diforderly; deviating from

right.

Thefc people were wifely brought to allegiance;
but being ftraight left unto their own inordinate life,
they fotjot what befoi; they were taught. Sfen/er.

Thence raifc
At lift diftemper'd, difcontented thoughts ;
"Vain hopes, vain arms, iniyJinate dtlires.
Blown up with high conceits engeiid'iing pride.

Miltm.

From inordinate \oit and vain fear comes all un-

quietnefs of fpirit. Tajlor'sGuldelo Devolion.

Ino'rdinately. ad'v. [from inordinalc]

Irregularly ; not rightly.

As foon as a man dtfircs any thing inordinalely,

he is prcfenlly dilquicted in himfelf. Taylor.

Ino'rdinateness. »./. [ixom inrndinate.]

Want of regularity ; intemperance of any

liind.

Inqrdina'tion. ». / [from inordinate,']

Irregularity ; deviation from right.

Schoolmen and cafuifts, having too much philo-
fophy to clear a lye from that intrinfick inordinadon
end deviation from right reafon, inherent in the
nature of it, held that a lye was abfolutely and
univerfally Cnful. Soull},

Inorca'nical. adj. [in and organicaL]
Void of organs or inftrumental parts.

We come to the loweft and the mod inorganical

farts of matter. Bacon.

To Ino'sculate. 'V. n. [;« and ofculum,

Lat.] To unite by appofition or contaft.

This fifth conjugation ol nerves is branched by

ho/culaling v/ith nerves. Derlam's Pliyfco-Tlieol.

Inoscula'tion. ». /. [from inofculate.]

Union by conjunftion of the extremities.

The almoft infinite ramifjcations and inofculations
of all the feveral forts of veffcls may eafily be detected
by glafles. , V.ay.

!';< QU E s T. n.f. [enquefte, French ; injuijitio,
Latin.

I . Judicial enquiry or examination.

What confufion of face (ball we be under, when
that grand ini^ueji begins; when an account ot our
opportunities of doing good, and a particular ot our
ufe or mifufe of them, is given in ( Atterhury.

a, [In law.] The inqueft of jurors, or by
jury, is the raoft ufual trial of all canfes,
both civil and criminal; for in civil
caafes, after proof is made on either fide,
fo much as each part thinks good for
himfelf, if the doubt be in the faft, it is
referred to the difcrction of twelve indif-
ferent men, impanelled by the flierifF;
and aj they bring in their verdift fo judg-
ment paffes : for the jiidge faith, the jury
finds the faft thus; then is'the law thus,
and fo we judge. Cvwel.

3. Enquiry,; fearch; ftudy.

This is the laborious and vexatious inqueft that the
foul mull make after fcience. South.

Jnqui 'etude, n.f. [inquietude, Yx.inquie-
tudo, inquietus, Lat.] Difturbed Itate;
iTant of ^uiet ; attack on the quiet.

I N Q^

Having had fuch nperience of his fidelity and ob-

fetvince abroad, he found himfcli engaged m honour

to fiipport hiia at home from any farther injui'iude.

'' ffonon.

Iron, that has Hood long in a window, being
thence taken, and by a cork balanced in water,
where it may have a free mobility, will bewray a
kind of In'fuietude and difcontentment 'till it atiain
the former pofuion. Irolio.r.

The youthful hero, with returning light,
Rofe anxious from th' inquietudes of night. Pofe.
To rNQUlNATE. -v. a. [injuino.hat.]
To pollute ; to corrupt.

An old opinion it was, that the ibis feeding upon
ferpcnts, that venemous food fo hjuinated their oval
conceptions, that they fometiaies came forth in fcr-
pcntine fliapcs. Broivn.

Inquina'tion. »./ [inquinatio, Lat. from
inqiiinate.] Corruption ; pollution.

Their caufcs and axioms are fo full of imagina-
tion, and fo infeded with the old received theories,
as they are mere inqainatiom of experience, and con-
cod it not, " Bacon.
The middle aflion, which produceth fuch impcr-
fcft bodies, 15 fitly called by fome of the ancients in.
quination, or iocoiicoaion, \*hich is a kind of puire-
laftion. Bacon.
Inqui'rable. ad}, [^tam inquire.] That
ot which inquiiition or inqueft may be
made.
To INQUI'RE.f.w. [enquirer, French; in-
quire, Lat.]

. To a(k queftions; «o make fearch; to
exert curiofity on any occafion: with of
before the perfon afked.

You have oft inquir'd
After th« flicpherd that complain'd of love.

Slialieffeare.
We will call the damfel, and inquire at bw mouth.

Cen.
Herod intjuired of them diligently. Muttli.

They begai» 10 inquire among themfelves, which
of them it was that itiould do tliis thing \

Lulte. xxii. 23.

He Tent Hadoram to king David, to inquire ofhn

welfare. I Cl>ron. xviii. 10.

It is a fubjefl of a very noble inquiry, to inquire

o/"ihe more I ublle perceptions; font is another key

to open nature, as well as the houfe. Bacon.

2. It is ufed with into when fomething is
already imperfeilly known.

It may defcrve our beft (kill to inquire into thofc
rules, by which we may guide ourjudgment. Souiii.

The rtep-dame poifon for the fon prepares ;
The fon inquires into his father's years. Dryden.

3. Sometimes with of.
Under their grateful Ihade iEneas fat ;

The left youn^ Pallas kept, fix'd to his fide,
And oft gf" winds inquir'd, and ^the tide.

Dryi. Mn.

4. With after when fomething is loll or
miffing; in which cufefor is likewife
ufed.

Inquire for one Saul of Tarfus. ./lil't '». U-

They are more in danger to go out of the way,

who are marching under a guide that will miUeaJ

them, than he that is likelier to be prevailed on to

inquire after the right way. Lode.

5. With aieut, when fuller intelligence is
deli red.

To thofe who inpiired aliout me, my lover would

I N Q^

anfwcr, that I was an old dependent upon his family.

" vfi.

Su/ifi

6. To make examination.

Awlul Rhadamanthus rules the Hate ;
He hears and judges each committed crime.
Inquires into the manner, place, and time. Dryden.

To Inquire, v. a.

1. To aik about; to feekout: as, he in-
quired the way.

2. To call; to name. Obfolete.
Ciouic had his portion from the nftj

The which he call'd Canutium, forWi hire.
Now Cantium, which Kent we commonly inquirr,

!>fenfef,

3. It is novf more commonly written a»«

quire.
Inqui'rer. n.f. [from inquire.]

1 , Searcher ; examiner ; one curious and

inquiQtive. '

What faiisfaflion may be obtained from thofe
violent difpules and eager inquirers into what day
of the month the world began .' Braii-n's f^u/g. Err,

What's good doth open to th' inquireu ttand,
And itlell offers to th' accepting hand. Denham,

Superficial inquirers may fatisfy themfelves that
the pans of matter are united by ligaments.

Glanville'i Sceffis,

Xhis is a queflion only of inquirers, notdifputers,
who neither affirm nor deny, but examine. Lockt,

'hi^t inquirers by their glaffcs find.
That ev'ry infedt of each diCferent kindi
In its own egg, chear'd by the folar rays.
Organs involv'd and latent life difplays. Blacimort,

2. One who interrogates; one vpho quef-
tions.

Inivui'rv. n.f. [from inquire.]

1, Interrogation; fearch by queftlon.

The men which were fent from Cornelius hal
made inquiry for Simon's houfe, and Itood before
the gate. A9s.

2. Examination ; fearch.
This exadlnefs is abfolutely neceflary in Inquirirt

after philofophical knowledge, and in controverfic*
about truth. Locke,

As to the inquiry about liberty, 1 think the ijuef-
tion is not proper, whether the will be free, but whe-
ther a man be fiee ? Locke,

I have been engaged in phyfical r/>yB(n«. Ijjcke,

It isareal/«yK/V)', concerning the nature of a bird
or a bat, to make their yet imperfeift ideas of it more
complete. Locke.

Judgment or opinion, in a remoter fenfe, may be

called invention : as when a judge ot a phyfician

makes an exaft inquiry into any caufe. Grev>.

Inquisi'tion. n.f. [iaquifition,¥t. iaqui'

Jitio, Latin.]

1. Judicial inquiry.
When he maketh inquifitim for blood, he re-

membcreth them : he forgetteih not the cry of the
humble. Pf. ix. iz.

When inquifilion was oude of the matter, it wa(
found out. Efib. ii. 23.

With much feverity, and ftrifi inquijition, were
punilhed the adherents and aiders of ijic late rebels.
Bacon's Henry VJ|.

Though it may be impofiible to recolledl every
failing, yet you are fo far to exercife an inquifitioit
upon yourfclf, as, by obferving Icffer paVticulars, you
may the belter difcovcr what the corruption of your
nature fways you to. Taylor,

By your good leave,
Thefe'men will be your judges : we moll (land
The inquifilion of their raillery
On our condition. Seutierne.

2. Examination ; difcuflion.

We were willing to make a pattern or precedent of
an txiQ. inquijition. Bacon's N.iiural Hifitry,

3. [In law.] A manner of proceeding m
matters criminal, by the office of the
judge. Cmvel.

4. The court eftablifhed in fome countries
fubjeft to the pope for the detection of
herefy.

One kifs of her's, and but eighteen words,
Put down the Spanilh inquijition. Coriei,

INQyl'^ITIVE. adj. [inquiftlivus, Latin.]
Curious ; bufy in fearch ; aftive to pry
into any thing : with about, after, into, 01
of, and foraetimes to.

My boy at eighteen years became ircjuijitive
After his brother. Siiakeff. Comedy of Errcurl.

This idlenefs, together with tear ol imminent
mifchicfs, have been the caufc that the Irilh were

ever the mod inquifaive people after news of any
nalioa ta the world. DaT.-ift.

H»

I

I N R

He it not Injulfiiivt inio th« ratomWtatt't of !n-
rfilferent and innocent commands, *rayijr.

It can be no duly to write his heart upon his fore-
head, and to give all the h^uijitive and malicious
t^orld a furvey of ihofe thoughts, which it it the pre-
rogative of God only to ky'-^w. SoM/h.

His old fliaking lire,
Jnqm^^tive of fights, ftiU longs in vaia
To find him in tiic number of the fiain. Dryjtn.

Then \vhat the Callick arms willdo«
Art anxioufly Inquijitlve to know. Drydeti,

A Dutch amballador entertaining the king of
Siam with the particularities of Holland, which he
was ijiquijiuve after, told him that the water would,
in cold weather, be fo bard, thjt mea walked upon
it. Lticke.

The whole neighbourhood grew in<foi/iii-t/e after
my name and charafier. Addiftm't SfeCiatar.

A wife man is oot inju'tjltive ab-iut things imper-
tinent. Broome.

They cannot bear with the impertinent quelfions
of a young inquifitive and fprightly genius.

H'am on the Mind.

Inqui'sitively. adv. [from inquiftti've.'\
With curiofity; with narrow fcruriny.

Ikqui'sitiveness. n f, [from inqtiijitii'e.'\
CurioCty ; diligence to pry into things
hidden.

Though he thought inquj^tivenefs an uncomely
guefl, he could not but alk who Ihe was. Sidney.

Heights that fcorn our profpcd^, and depths in
which rcafon will never touch the bottom, yet furely
the pleafiirc arifiog from thence is great and noble ;
for as much as they afLrd perpetual matter to the
ittquifttivcneft of human reafon, and fo are large
enough far it to Mk< iu foil fcope and range in.

South*: Sermon J.

Providence, delivering great conclufions to us, dc-
ligned to excite our curiofity and iKquiftiiveitefs after
the methods by which things were brought to pafs.

hurnet.

Curiofity in children nature has provided, to re-
move that ignorance they were born with j which,
without this bufy injuiftiveneft, will make them
dull. Locke.

Iwcyji'siTOR. fi. /. [injuijitor, Latin; ///.

quijiteur, French.]
I, One who examines judicially.

In thefe particulars I have played myfelf the in-
qui/itor, and find nothing contrary to religion or
manners, but rather medicinable. Bacon' t EJfays.

Minos, the flrid inquijitor, appears.
And lives and crimes with bis aui:ilbrs heart.

Dry den.

a. An officer in the popiih conrts of inqui-

fition.
YflNRA'iL. a. tf. [/« and rail.\ To ic-

dofe with rails.

In things indifferent, what the whole church doth
think convenient for the whole, the fame if any part
do wilfully violate, it may be reformed and inraited
a^in, by that general authority whcreunto each par-
ticular is fubjec^. Hooker.
Where fam'd St. Giles's ancient limits fpreadj
An inrtil'd co\umn rears its lofty bead ;
Here to fev'ii ftreetsfev'n dials count the day.
And from each other catch the circling ray. Gay,
J'kkoao. »,/. [/« and roW.] Incurfion ;
fudden and delultory invafion.

Many hot inroads
They mike in Italy. Sbahfp. Ant. and Cleopatra.

From Scotland we have had in former times fome
alarms and inroadi into the northern parts of this
kingdom. ^af»«.

By proof we feel
Our pow'r fufficient todifturb his heav'n,
And with perpetual inroadt to alarm.
Though inaccefTible his fjul throne. Milton

The lofiof Shrewtbury expofed all'North Wales to
the daily inroad: of the enemy. Clarendon.

The country open lay without defence;
For poeu freijuent inroadt there hath made. Dryd.

Insa'.nable. <7(^'. \infanabiUs, Latin.] In-
curable; irremediable.
Insanz. adj. \ttijanus, Latin.]

1 N S

I N S

1 . Mnd.

2. Making m.id.

Were fuch things hert at we do fpeak about ?
Or have we eaten of the injunc root.
That takes the reafon prifoiier ? Shakrfp. Machetb.

INSA'TIABLE. adj. [i»fatiahilis, Latin ;
infatiabh, French.] Greedy beyond mea-
fure; greedy fo as not to be fatisfied.

Insa'tiableness. »./. [ixova in/auable.\
Greedinefs not to be appeafed.

Some men's hydropick infatiMemJs had learned
to thirft the more, by how much more they drank.

King Charles.

Insa'tiably. (7^^•. [from in/aliable.] With
greedinefs not to be appeafed.

They were extremely ambitious, and infatiahly
covetous; and theitfore no impieirio.^, from argu-
ment or miracles, could reach them. South.

Itis a'ti ATS. adj, [mfaiiatus, Lat.J Greedy
fo as not to be fatisfied.

My mother went with child
Of that infatiat, Edward. Siaie/p, Rich. III.

Infatiate to purfue
Vain war with heav'n. Milton.

Too oft has pride.
And hellifh difcord.and infatiatt thirft
Of others rights, our quiet difcompos'd. Phillips.
I N S A T I S F a'c T I O N . ». / [/» inAfatisfaaion.}

Want ; uijfatisfied ftate. A word not in
ufe.

It is a profound contemplation in nature, to confi-
der of the emptinefs or imjatisfaaional fevctal bodies"
and of their appetite to take in others.

Bacon's lljtural Hijlory.
Insa'thrablI!. fl</f. {in/aturabilis, Latin.]

Not to be g'utted ; not to be filled.
•rtjiNscRi'BE, -v. a. \infcribo, Latin; in-

fcrir^ French.]
I. To write on any thing. It is generally
applied to fomething written on a monu-
ment, or on the outfide of fomething.
It is therefore more frequently- ufcd with
on than in.

In all you writ fo Rome, or elfe
To foreign princes, ego (3 rex tneus
Was Itill infcrib'd. Shakefp. Henry VIII.

Connatural principles are in themfelves highly
reafonable, and de I icible by a ftrong procefs of ra-
tiocination to be mod true ; and confequently the
high exercife of ratiocination might evince their
truth, though there were no fuch originally /V/;r<irrf
in the mind. Hale's Origin of Mankind.

Ye weeping loves ! the llream with myrtles hide,
And with your golden darts, now ufelefs grown,
Infcrilie a verfe on this relenting ftone. Pope,

5. To mark any thing with writing; as, I

infcribed the (lone with my name.
J. To aflign fo a patron without a formal
dedication.

One ode which pleafed me in the reading, I have
attempted to tranrfate in Pindaritk verfe ; 'lij that
which is infcribed to the prefent Earl of Rochefter.
_, Drydin.

4. To draw a figure within another.
In the circle infcribet fquare.

I^o'es to Creech's Manlliist.
Inscri'ptioN. tt./.\infcripUon, Fr. infcrip-

tio, Latin.]
I. Something written or engraved.

This avarice of praifc in time to come,
Thofe long inferiptions ciowdcU on the tomb.
r^. , Dryden.

I. Title.

Joubertus by the fame time led our eipeftation,
whereby we reaped no advantage, it aofwerin' fcarce
at all the promife of the infcriptlon. Broun.

J. [In law.] An obligation made io wri-
ting, whereby the accufer binds himfelf to
undergo the fame puniflimoit, if he fhall
not prove the crime which he objcfts to

the party accufed, in his accofatory libel,
as the defendant himfelf ought to fuffer,
if the fame he proved. JjUffe's Parergon.
4. Confignment of a book to a patron with-
out a formal dedication.
Inocru'table. adj. [in/crtitabilit, Lat. in-
firiiiable, Fr.] Unfearchable ; not to be
traced out by enquiry or ftudy.
-^ jeft unfeen, infcrutabit, invifibic.
As a weather-cock on a (teeple. Shaitfp.

This king had a large heart, infcrulaUe for good,
and was wholly bent to make his kingdom and peo-

''' ot''''^*- r I, ■ .. . *"*••

l) how tnfcrutable ! his equity

Twins with his power. Sandys.

Hereunto they haverecourfe as unto the oracle of

life, the great determinator of virginity, conception,

tertility, and the infcrutable infirmities of the whole

We (hould contemplate reverently the works of
nature and grace, the injcrniable ways of Provi-
dence, and all the wonderful methods of God's deal-
ing with men. Aiterbury.

To Inscu'lp. rv. a. [in/culfo, Latin.] Ta
engrave ; to cut.

A coin that bears the figure of an angd
Stamped ill gold, but that infeulpt upon. Sbattjf.,
I.nscu'lpture. n. /. [from in and/cu/p.
lute.] Any thing engraved.

Timon is dead.
Entomb 'd upon the very hem o' ih' fea;
And on the grave Hone this /;r/<:»/^rar,, which
With waa I brought away. Skakefp. Timonf

It was ufual to wear rings on either hand; bufi
when precious gems and rich injculptures were add-
ed, the curtom of wearing them was tranflated unt<j
'''= '«ff- Byo%»n,

TilNSE'AM. i-.<7. [/«andy?aOT.] To iin-
prefs or mark by a feam orcicatrix.
Deep o'er his knee infeam'd remain'd the fear.

I'NSECT. *./ [infiaa. Lat.] ^°^'

1 . In/eas may be confidered together as ona
great tribe of animals : they are called
iitfeas from a feparation in the middle o£
their bodies, whereby they are cut into
two parts, which are joined together by a
fmall ligature, as we fee in wafps and
common flies. Locke,

Bead, bird, infe&, or worm, iurft enter none.
, . Miltinu

2. Any tnmg fmall or contemptible.

In ancient times the facred plough employ'!
The kings, and awful fathers of mankind ;
And fome with whom compar'd, your infeO tribe»
Are but the beings of a fummer's day. Tbomfo/t,
Insecta'tor. n.f. [from inJeHor, Latin.]
One that perfecutes or harrafles with pur-
'■"'»• Dia.

Inse'ctile. adj. [from infeS.I Having
the nature of infefts.

InfiEiile animals, for want of blood, run out all

into legs. Bacon.

Insecto'loger. n.f. \infea and A«y(&-.]

One who ftudies or defcribes infetfb. A

word, 1 believe, unauthorifcd. *

The infedl itfelf is, according to modern /J^^i>«
/o^fi/ofthe ichncuroon-fly kind. Derham,

Insecu're. adj. [In and ftrcure.]

1. Notfecure; not confident of fafety.

He is liable to a great many inconveniences ewrjr
moment of his Hfe, and is continually in/ecure not
only of the good things of this life, but even of lil<»
i'felf. TillotfoM^

2. Not fafe.

Insecu'rity. h./. [in indficurify.]
\i. Uncertainty; want of confidence.

It may be eafily perceived with what infecurily of
truth we afcribe elfefts, depending upon the natural
period of time, unto arbitrary calculations, and fuch
as vary at pleafurc, Brrni-n.

6^z a. Want

1 N S

2. Want of fafety ; danger; hazard.

The unmfanablciMfs and prclumption, the dinger
»nd defpente in/icurity of thofe that have not fo
inAcK as a thought, all their lives long, to advance fo
far as aiirition and cootrilion, forrow and refoluiion
of amcndmciic. HammmJ.

Jwsbmina'tion. »./. [tnfeminatiott, Fr. in-
/emino,hMa.^ The ad of fcattering feed
on ground.
Inseco'tion. »./. \infecution, Fr. in/ecutio,
Latin.] Purfuit. Not in ufe.
Not the king's own horfe got more before the
wheel
Of his rich chariot, that might ftiU the infecution

feel.
With the extreme hairs of histail. Chafmjn's Ili.id.

Ikse'nsaTE. adj. [infen/e, French; in/en-
Jato, Italian.] Stirpid ; wanting thought ;
wanting feniibility.
Ye be reprobates ; obdurate infinfatr creatures.

Hjmmond.
So fond are mortal men.
As their own ruin on theoilc!vcs t' invite,
- Injenfate left, or to fenfc reprobate.

And with blindnefs internal ftnick. Milton's Agon.
Insensibi'litv. n.J. [mjixjil/iiite, French ;

from infenjibte.'^
f.- Inability to perceive.

InfcnftblUty of^rtow motions may be thus accounted
for: motion cannot be perceived without perception
of the parts of fpace which it left, and thofe which
it next acquires. Glanviile,

2. Stupidity; dulnefs of mental percep-
tion.

3. 'I'orpor ; dulnefs of corporal fenfe.
Inse'.vsiblb. aJJ. \infenfible, French.]

t. Imperceptible ; not difl-overable by the
fenfes..

What is that word honour? air ; a trim reclcon-
iiig. Who hath it? he that died a Wedncfday.
Doth he feel it? no. Doth he hear it ? no. Is it
infinjille then ? yea, to the de.id. But will it not
live with the living ? no. Why ? detrailioa will not
fufFer it. Shakeffeart.

Two fmall and almoft iKfenfilbc pricks were found
upon Cleopatra's arm. Broivn'sVulgM Rrroun.

The denfe and bright light of the circle will ob-
foire the rare and weak light of thefe dark colours
round about it, and render them almoft iifenjtl/le.

Nculon's Officts.

%. Slowly graduali fo as that no progrefs is
perceived..

They fall away,.
Andlanguifh with injsnjibk decay. Dryd'.n.

3,. Void of feeling, either mental or cor-
poral.

K thought

I then VMS palVmg to my former ft.»te
Xnfin/ib!i\ini forrhwiih to Jilfolve. Milt<,n.

Accept an obligation without being a lUvc to the
giver, or in/cnjiiie of his kindnefs. ffottcn,

A, Void of emotion, or ^eftion.

You grow infenfibltto the conveniency of riches,
the delights of honour and praife. TanpU.

You render mankind /i/ivi/'^" '" 'li''' be.iutics,
and hare deftroyed the empire of love. Dryiita.

Insf.'nsiblenes«. n. f. [from infenfilk.']
Abfencc of perception ; inability to per-
ceive.

The irjinjaitnefi of the pain proceeds rather from
The relaxation of the nerves than their.obftruftion.

Ray.

Inse'nsibly. (Kfot. {hom iMfen/ible.']
I. Imperceptibly ; in fiich a manner as is
not difcovered by the fenfes.

'llie planet earth, fo ftedlift tlioiigh (he feem,
Inftn/ihly three different motions moves. Milim
TJie hills rife infenjiily, and leave the eye a vaft
uninterrupted progrefs. AJM/on tn Italy.

'X, By How degrees.

Ecual they were fcrm'i,

INS

Save what (in hath impair'J, which yet hath

wrought
InfenfiHy. Afitmn.

Prc'polals agrecaWe to our paOTions will hfenJiUy
prevail upon our weaknefs. Riger)'} Vermont.

Cadenus
hfinfibly came on her fide. Sviifi.

3. Without mental or corporal fenfe.
Inseparabi'litv. "1 n.J. [from infefara
Insf'parableness. J bU.\ The quality
of being fuch as cannot be fevered or
divided.

The parts of pure fpace are immovcible, which
follows from their infeparability, motion being no-
thing but change of diltance between any two things:
but Uiis cannot be between parts th.it .;re infeparable.

LfCkf.

Inse'par.able. aJi. \infe parable, French ;

in/eparabilis, Latin.] Not to be disjoined ;

united fo as not to be parted.

Ancient times figure both the incorporation and
hfcparablt conjun^ion of counfel with kings, and
the wife and politick ufe of couufe! by kings.

Bacon.
Thou, my (liade
InJcpjyakU, murt with me along;,
lor death from fin no pow'r can leparate.

Milton.

Gare and toll came into the world with fin, and

remain ever fince infeparable from il. Locke.

No body feels' pain, that he wiihos not to be eafed

of, with a defire eijual to that pain, and inJeparabU

from it. L^cke

The parts of pure fpace are infiparahU one from

the other, fo that the continuity cannot be feparateJ,

neither really nor mentally. Locke.

Together out they f!y,
InfiparMt now the iruth and lie ;
And this or that unniix't no mortal e'er (hall find.

Popt.

Inse'parably. adv. [from infeparable .'I
"With indifffaluble union.

Browning of metals is, when the bafer metal is
fo incorporate with the more rich as it cannot be
feparat<vl ; as if filver Ihould be iafefarably incorpo-
rated with gold. Bacon.

Him thou (halt enjoy,
Infeparubly thine. Milton.

Rcftleffnefs of mind feems infefarabty annexed to
human nature. TcmpU.

Atheifts muft confefs, that before that aOigoed
period matter had exilted eternally, infeparably en-
dued with this principle of attraAion ; and yet had
never attradled nor convened before, during that in-
finite duration. BeniUy.
Te INSE'RT. -u. a. Sjuferer, Ft. infero, in-
fertittn, Latin.] To place in or amongft
other things.

Thofe words were very weakly inferted, where
they are fo liable to mifconftruOion. Siillingjlcei ,

With the worthy gentleman's lume I will infert it
at length in one of^my papers. Addifan.

It is the editor's intcreil Kainfirt what the author's
judgment had rcjefled. Stuift.

Poefy and oratory omit things not efTential, and
I'^rr little beauiitul digreQions, in order to place
every thing in the moll alfefling light. iVatti.

Inse'rtion. v. /. [injirixifi, Fr. infertio,

Latin.]
'i . The ad of placing any thing In or among

other matter.

The great difadvantage our hiftorians labour under
is too tedious an interruption, by the infertion of re-
cords in tbeir.narration. Felton on the Clajficks.

An.1'.eus, commonly called. the twilling of the guts,
is either a circimivolution or injertian of one part ot
the gut within the other. Arbuthnot

2, The thing inferted.

He foftens the relation by fuch infertiont, before

hedefctibes the event. Bn,oae.

TijInse'rve. i.a. [in/ej^'Jo, Latin.] To

be of ufe to an end.
Inse'rviekt.<j<^'. \_i,i/er<vient, Latin.] Con-
Itj ducive; of ufe to an end.

INS

The providence of God, which difpofeth- tf C9
part in vain, where there is uo digellion to be made,
makes not any parti infervieni to that intention.

Brovjrt.

To Inshe'll. v. a. Sjn and Jheil.'\ To hide
in a (hell. Not ufed.

AufiJius, hearing of our Mjtcius' bir.irtimcnt,
Tlirufti forth his horns again into the world.
Which were/»/?.^//'j' when Marciiis, llood lor Rome,
And durtl not once peep out. Shak'fp. Corioljnus.

'To Inshi't. 1'. a. \Jn va^ pip.'\ To fliut in
a fliip ; to (low; to embaik. Not ufcd.
We fay ftmply to fhip.
See them fjlely brought to Dover; where, in-
Jbipp'd,
Commit them to the fortune of the fea. Shakeff.
■Jo IssHRi'sE. nj. a. [/> and_/?>iffc] To
jnclofe in a (hrine or precious cafe. It is
written equally enjhrine,-

Warlike and m.irtial Talbot, Burgundy
Injhrines tliec in his heart. Hbaiejp. Henry Vl,

Not Babylon,
Equall'd in all u» glories, to injhrint
Belus. Milton.

I'nside. n.f. \iu zvAfiie_^ Interiour part ;
part within. Oppofed to the furface or

outflde.

Look'd he 0' th' injide of the papers ?
—He did unfeal them. Shakefp. Henry ■VIII,

Sliew the i/i/ide of your purfe to tlie outiide of his
hand, and no move ado. Shakefp. ff''inttr's Tuic.

Here are the oulfidcs of the one, the injides of the
' other, and there'i the moiety 1 promifcd ye.

V EJImnge,

As for the injide of their ned, none bur themfclves
were concerned in it. Addifcn't Guardian.

Insidia'tor. »./. [Lat. ] One who lives
in wait. Dieiionarj.

INSI'DIOUS. adj. \infdietix, French; in-
fidio/iis, Latin.] Sly ; circumventive; di-
ligent to entrap ; treacherous.

Since men mark all our lleps, and watch our halt-
iHgs,, let a fenfe of tljeir iiijidious vigilance excite u>
fo to behave ourfclvcs, that they may find a convic-
tion of the mighty power of Chhdianily towards re-
gulating the palfions. Alttrbuff.

They wing their courfe.
And dart on dillant coarts, if fome (harp rock.
Or iiioAirtJidiou-i, brea'K:> not thelrc.ireer. ^Tbjmfon.

Insi'diously. adf. [from rtrjidiws.'] In a
fly and treacherous manner; with mali-
cious artifice.

The callle of CaJmus was taken by Phcbidas the
Lacedemonian injidioujly, and in violation of league.

Baco^

Simeon and Levi fpoke not only falfely but inji-

dioujly, nay hypocritically, abufing their prolelyies

and their religion, for the elFccling their cruel dc-

figns. Gwevninenl of the tongue.

I'nsight. »./. [inficht, Dutch. This word
had formerly the accent on the laft fyl-
lable.] Introfpeftion ;. deep view.; know-
ledge of the interiour parts ; thorough
flcill in any thing.

Hardy (licpherd, fuch as thy merits, fuch may
be her i'nji^hl \uA\y to grant thee reward. Sidney,

Slrailway (cut with careful diligence
To fetch a leech, the which had great injight
In that difeafe of grieved confciciu:e.
And well could cure the fame ;. his name was Pa-
tience. Spcnfer.

Now will be the right fcafon of forming them to
be able wjiiers, when they (hall be thus fraught with
an univerfal injigbi into things. Milton.

T4je ufe of a little injight in thofe parts of know-
ledge, which are not a. man's, proper bufinefs, is to
accutlom our minds to all forts ot ideas.. Lt-cite,

A g.irden gives us a great injigbt into the contri-
vance and wifdoin of providence, and fuggeds innu-
merable fubjerts of meditation. Upeliator.

Daeconfideration, and a deeper InjSgit'wto things,
would foou have mado them fenfible of their error.

IVocdwartL

Inwcni'ficance.

INS

Insicni'iicance.) »./. [iii/tgnlfi:flK(e,Vr,
Insig.vi'ficancv. 3 from injignificant.^
\, Want of meaning ; unmeaning terms.

To give an account of \\\ the hjigmjicanciet and
verbal noihings otthis philofophy, wouli be to tran-
fcribe '.t. GlanvUle.

2. Unimportance.

As I was ruminating on that I had feen, I could
not lorbcjr refieftiiig on the infignijicaiicy of human
art, when let in couiparilbn with ilie deiigns of Pro-
vidence. _ Addijon'i Guardian.

My annals are in mouldy mildews urought,
Willi tafy ijijigfijirance ot ihought. Gailb.

Iksic.ni'ficant. adj. [in 3.aA fg/iijicmu.]
1. Wanting meaning ; void of lignification.

'Till you can weight and gravity explain,
Thofe words are infigmfcant and'vain. Bhclmorc.

I N S

2. Unimportant ; wanting weight ; ine&c-
tual. This fenfe, though fupported bj-
authority, is not very proper.

That 1 might not be vapoured down by infigni/t-
eail teftimonies, 1 prelumed to ufc the great name
cf your fociety to annihilate all fuch arguments.

Glanv. Sccff. Pre/act.
Calumny robs the publick of all that benefit that
it may jurtly claim from the worth and virtue of
particular perfons, by rendering their virtue utterly
inJignifcMt. South.

All the arguments to a good life will be vcrv hjig-
nifcant to a man that hath a mind to be wickej,
when rcmiflion of fin may be had upon cheap terms.

TilUtCon.
Nothing can be more contemptible and tnjigmji-
cjni tJian the fcum of a people, inlUgaied againit a
k'"g- , j^dJIfin.

In a heiaorrhage from the lungs, no remedy fo
proper as bkeding, often repeated : rtypticlts are often
i-jlgnijftam. Ariuiinst.

Insigni'ficantly. ad-v. [from inftgnifi.

cant.]
t. Without meaning.

Birds arc uught to ufe articulate words, yet they
undcrlbnd not their import, but ufe them infignij-
tanilj; as the organ or pipe renders the tune, which
it underftands not. Hale,

2. Without importance or effeft.
Iksjnce're. adj. [ittfincenu, Lat. in and
^ It cere. \

1. Not what he appears; not hearty ; dif.

• fembiing; unfaithful; of perfons.

2. Not found; corrupted; of things.

Ah why, Penelope, this caufeleli fear.
To render lleep's foft h\i:\X\t>ii infincere ?
Alike devote to forrow'j dire extreme.
The day lefleflion and the midnight dream. Patf
Insi.vce'rity. »./. [from injlncere.] Dif-
iimulation ; want oftruth or fidelity.

If men (hould always aft under • malk, and in
difguili, that indeed betrays defign and ii/i„ceriiy.

• Rro:miontbeOJyJf,y.
relMSl'.VEW. t: a. {m and//Knt..j To

ftrengthen; to confirm. A word not
ufed.

All mrmbers of our caule,
That ate infinruicd lo this aflioii. Shatcfb

Iran's VAST. adj. [French.] Having the
power to gain favour.

Men not fo quick perhaps of conceit as flow to
ralTions, and commonly lefs inveniivethan judiciou;,
howfoever prove very pUufible, injixuani, and tortu-
naie men. H't/tton

yilNil'NU.'VTE. nj.a. \iHf»,uer, Fr. in-
finuo, Latin.]

\, To introduce any thing gently.

The water eafily />Aw.J/rj iiftlf into and placUlv
iPen^s ih. vflTcl) o( vc-etablcs. HMd-uara

2. "(o puth gently into favourer regard .
commonly with the reciprocal pronoun.

.There is no particular evil which hath not fom-
afjfearaocc ofgoodndi, wUeieby to imjixualc iifelf.

tUbker.

At the ifle of Rhee he in/lnualtJ .'limfelf into the
very good grace of the duke of Buckingham.

CUrtndnn.

3. To hint ; to impart indireftiy.
And all the fiflions bards purfue

Do but infimiau v. hat's true. Swift,

4. To inrtil ; to inftife gently.
All the arts ofrhetorick, befidc's order and clear-

nefs, are for nothing elfe but to />/jWa/f wrong ideas,
move the paffions, and thereby mtllead the judgment.

rr T Locke,

To Insi'nuate. "z^. n.

1 . To wheedle ; to gain on the affeftions by
gentle degrees.

I love no colours ; and without all colour
Of bafe infinuating dattery,
1 pluck this white rofe with Plantagenet. Shakeff.

2. To Ileal into imperceptibly ; to be con-
veyed infenfibly.

Peftilential miafms infir.uatt into the humoral and
CDiilillent parts of the body. Harvey.

3. I know not whether Milton does not ufe
this word, according to its etymology,
for, to enfold ; to wreath ; to wind.

Clofe the ferpcm lly
liifinualing, of his fatal guile

Gave proot unheeded. Milton.

Insinua'tion. w./. {infinuatio, tzx. iKfi.
niiation, French, from infinuate.] The
power of pleafing or Sealing upon the
affeflions.

When the inJuftry of one man hath fettled the

work, a new man, by infinuatim ot milinformation,

may not fupplant bim without a juft caufe.

-- Bacon.

He had a natural injinualicn and addrefi, which

made him accept^iiile in the beft company.

_ , Clarendon.

l.vsi NUATIVE. adj. [from injnuatt.] Steal-
ing on the affeif^ions.

It it a ftrange infitiualive power which etample

and cuftom have upon us. Ccx/. ofite Toitgue

luiMiVk'roK.n. /.[ittjinuater, Lat.] He

thatinfinuates. Ainfiwrth.

INSl'PID, «<^-. {inf.fide, French ;4>,V/«..

Latin.]
I. Wanting tafte;. wanting power of affedl-
ing the organs of guft.

Some earths yield, by dirtillation, a h'tjuor very far
from being inodorous or injifid. bayle.

Our fathers very much admir'd their fauces fwecl,
And often cali'd for fugar with their meat ;
rnfifiid tafte, old friend, to them that Paris knew,
Where rocambole, Ihallot, and the rank gajjick grew.

This chyle is the natural and alimentary pituita,
which the ancients defcribed as injifid.

t'l'yer m the Humoun .
She lays fome ufeful bile afide.
To tinge the chyle's iitJifidHit. Frier.

2. Wanting fpirit ; wanting pathos ; flat •
dull ; heavy.

The gods h,ive made your noble mind for me,
And hci iKjifid foul for Ptolemy ;
A Heavy lump of earth without defire,
A heap of afhes that o'erlay your hre. Dryd. C/ecm.

Some fliort cxcurfions ol a broken vow
He made indeed, but flat infpid ftuff. Dryden

iNsi'piDiTV. 1 ,. /. {wftpiditi, Fr. from

InSi'pIDNESS. I ittjipid.]

1. Want of tafte.

2. Want of life or fpirit.

Dryden': lines (hine ftrongly through the /»/?»/.
.//'j; of Tate's. A/.f.

iNsi'riOLY. aiv, [from inftpid.']
. Without tifte.

2. Dully; without fpirit.

One great renfon why many children abandon
themfeUes wholly tc filly fports, and triHe away all
their time i-fyi.ily, is b«caufe ihey have found ihcir
curiofity baulkea. Uckc.

J N S

Insi'hencb. »./. [i»/lpie»tia,Lztin.] Follv;

want of underllanding.
To mSVST. -J. n. li„j,jUr, French; i„fiflo,

Latin.] •^

1. To ftand or reft upon.
The combs being double, the cells on each fide the"

partition arc fo ordered, that th.- angles on one fide
•njift upon the centers of the bottom of the cells on
the other fide. n

2. Nor to recede from terms or aflertionf •
to perfift in.

Upon fuch large terms, and fo abfolute.
As our conditions Ihall iijift upon.
Our peace (hall (land firm as rocky mountains.

3.. To dwell upon in difcourfe; '''*

Were there no other act of holHlity but that which
we have hitherto in^Jied on, the intercepting of her
lupplies were irreparably injurious to her.
T ; . . Decay of Piety.

Insi stent, adj. [infjlens, Latfn.] Kefting
upon any thing.

The breadth of the fuhftmaion muft be at leaft
double to the injijlcnt wall. IVoitor.

iNsiTiE.vcY. /;. / [/„ zad, Jtic, Lutin.J
Exemption from thirft.

What is more admirable than the fitnefs of every
creature for the ufe we make of him ? The docility
ol an elephant, and die injiiiene, of a camel for fru--
veiling „, dcfarts. " c,.^.^_

iNsirio.v. „../, {injitio, Latin.] The in-
lertion or ingraftment of one branch into-
another.

Without the ufe of thefe we could have nothlnc
ol culture or civility : no tillage, grafting, ot i>,fuian.

Insi'5tur.e. »./. [from/«/^.] ThiswoS^
feems in Shake/peat e to fignify conftancy
or regularity, but is now not ufed.
The hcav'ns themfelves, the planets, and tise
center,
Obfcrve d.-gree, priority, and place,
, jnfijiure, couric, propprtion, (ealbn, form,
Othce and cnftom, in all line of order. Shakefp,

To In3na'«e. 1). It. [in and faan.]
i^Tointrap; to catch ina trap, gin,, or
fnare ; to inveigle-

iirJ^J''' '*""'''* ''"=" ''"gar on that bottled fpider,
Wbofc deadly web mfnartth thee about. Siakefp^.

She infnar'd *

Mankind with her fair looks.. Milton^

By long experience Durley may no doubt
Infnarc j gudgeon, or perhaps a trout ;
Though Dryden once exclaim'd in partial fpile ;
He hlh !— becauf* the man attempts to write.
rr. '- . . .. Fen tort,

2. J o intanglein difficulties or perplexities.

That which in a great part, in the weightiefti
caufes belonging lo this prefcnt controverfy,.liaih /«-
fnared the judgments both of fundry good and of
lome well learned men, is the manifell truth of cer-
tain general principles,, whereupon the ordinances
that fervc for ufual praflice in' the church of God
aregroimdcd. Hor^kcr.

I hat the hypocrite reign not, left the people b»
infmned. ^ J^j,, xxxiv. 30..

\. Eitfnnre is more frequent.

Insna'rer. «./* [iiom iu/iiare.l. He that)

infnares'.
Inso'ciable. «<^i [in/uiable, French; /«/o-

c'tabilis, Latin.]
I . Averfe from converfation.

If this aaitere infociableW^
Change n*l youi offer made in hoatof blood.

Stakeffi.

2.. Incapable of connexion or union

The loweft led je or row mult be merc.'y of Hone,-
riifely laid, without mortar, which is a central cau.
tioa lor all pans in building that are contiguous to
board or timber, bccaufe lime and wood are info.^
't'li'le' kf-itton's Archilcaure^

Ims-ouju'sty^.

I N S'

Iksobri'ety. it. /. ['■» and /oiriftjf.]
Drunkcnncfs ; want ot fobriety.

He whofe confcience upbriids him with profane-
Dcls towarJs God, and wpkritiy towards himlelf, it
he is jult to his neighbour, lie thinks lie has quit
fcoi i. ' Dei-ay ofPieljI.

rol'NbOLATE.i;.*. [/n/o/a, Latin.] To
Ary in the fun ; to expofe to the a^ion
of the fun.

Insolation. »./. {info'ation , Tr, from in-
/o/a/e.] Expofition to the fiin.

We lift (hefe towers fat irfotalion, refrigeration,
xoaveriation, and for lb« riew of divers meteois.

Baton.
If it have not a fufficient infdaihn it looketh pale,
and attains not its laudable' colour : if it be funiKd
too long, it fuft'ereih a torrefaiSion. Broivn.

I'nsolence, 1 n, /. [infoleitu, French ; In-
J'nsolency. J Joletitia, Lat.] Pride ex-
erted in contemptuous and overbearing
treatment of others ; petulant contempt.

They could not reiiraiii tht /w/o/ffffy of O'Neal,
who, finding none now to withdand him, made him-
' icif lorduf thofe people that remained. __ Sfenftr.
Such a nature
Tickled with good fuccefs, difdains the fliadow
^Vhich he treads on at noon ; but I do wonder
His infolence can brook to be commanded
XJndcr Cominius. Shaktfp,

JSIown with injaltnce and wine. lilih&n.

Publick judgments are the banks and (hores upon
•which Cod breaks the irtftjlency of iinners, and ftays
their proud waves. Tillot/an.

The fteady tyrant man,
Who with (he thoughllef^ injvlencc of power.
For fport alone, purfues the cruel chace. 'Thimfon,

Tlic tear of any violence, either againft her own
fierfon or againft her Ion, might deter Penelope from
uling any endeavours to remove men «f fuch injclrncc
and power. Hrt,ome.

•?« 1'nsolence. -v. a. [from the noun.] To
infult ; to treat with contempt. A very
bad word.

The bilhops, who were firft faulty, hfolenced and
aflfaulted. /dngCiaihi.

•I'nsoi, ENT. atfj.,[in/oleKt, French; infclens,
Latin.] Contemptuous of others j haugh-
ty ; overbearing.

We have not pillaged ihofe rich provincej, which
i»e refcued : viOory itfelf hath not made us iyfilent
mailers. Atttrbury.

I'ssohiHTLY . aJv. [i;//i/e»ter, Latin.] With
contempt of others; haughtily; rudely.

What T muftdifprove.
He inftlmtly talk'd to me of love. DryJen.

Not fadlion, when it (hook thy regal feat,
Not feaates, infoUtitly liud,
Thofe echoes of a thoughtlefs crowd.
Could warp thy foul to their unjuH decree. Dryrifn.

Briant, naturally of an haughty temper, treated

him very infoUxtly, more like a criminal than a pri-

foner of war. AdJiJon.

Inso'lvable. adj. [in/ohable, Fr. /a and

/olvej]

1. Not to be folved; not to be cleared ;
inextricable ; fuch as admits of no folu-
tion, or explication.

Spend a few thoughts on the puzzling enquiries
«oncerning vacuums, the dodlrine of infinities, indi-
vifibles and incommenfurables, wherein there appear
fome ir.jolvablt difficuUies. Ifaltt an tie Mind.

2. That cannot be paid.

I .N s o'l u B L E . adj. {injoluhk, French ; iiijolu-

iilis, Latin.]
U Not to be cleared ; not to be refolved.

Admit this, and what (hall the Scripture be but a

fnare and a torment to weak confcienccs, filling them

with infinite fcrupulofitics, doubts m/oluile, and ex-

treme defpair. Hoaktr.

SI. Not to be diflblved or feparated.

.^tooy matter majr grow in any part of a human

I N S

body I for tvheil any thing hifdukle fticksin any part
of tiie body, it gathers a cruil about it. Arbuthnt^t.

Inso'i.vent. adj. \jii aad /oho^ Latin.]
Unable to pay.
By public dedaratiorv he proclaimed himfelf /«-
yilv'e'il of thofe vail Aims he had taken upon credit.

//otir/.
A fainter accufed hit guards for robbing him of
oxen, and the emperor (hot the offenders; but de-
manding reparation of the accufer for fo many brave
felk)ws, and finding him infolvuit, compounded the
matter by taking his life. Addifon.

An hfi/lvtm is a man that cannot pay his debts.'

M'aitt.
Ijtf'Jvent tenant of incumber**! fpace. Smart.

Insolvencv. n, f. [from iii/ol'vtBt.'] In-
ability to pay debts. An adt of in/ol'veiicy
is a law by which imprifoned debtors are

''releafed without payment.

Insomu'ch. conj. \in/o much.}

1, So that ; to fuch a degree that.

It hath ever been the ufc of the conqueror to de-
fplfe the language of the conquered, and to force him
to learn his : fo did the Romans always ufe, /»/?-
muoh that there is no nation but is fprinkled with
their language. Rpenjer.

To make ground fertile, afhes excel ; infomuch as
the countries about .£[na have a'mends made them,
for the mifchiefs the eruptions do. Bacon.

Simonides was an excellent poet, injomucb that he
made his foi tune by it. VEJtrange.

They made the ground uneven about their ncll,
inf'jtnuch that the flate did not lie flat upon if, but
left a free pafTige underneath. Addifon,

2. This word is growing obfolete.
rolNSPE'cT. T.', a. \^infpicio,inffeiitim,\ji.K.'\

To look into by way of examination.
Inspe'ction. »./. [in/peSion, Yl. inffeHio,

Lat.]
t. Prying examination; narrow and clofe
furvey.

With narrow fearch, aild with InJpeSlion deep,
Cnnfider every creature. Milton.

Our religion is a religion that dares to be undcr-
ftood \ that offers itfcif to the fearch of the inquifi-
tive, to the itiffttiion of the fevered and the moll
awakened reafon ; for, being fecure of her fubftan-
tial truth and purity, (he knows that for her to be
feen and looked into, is to be embraced and admired,
as there needs no greater ai^ument for men to love
the light than to fee it. Sjuth.

2. Superintendence; prefiding care. In the
firft fenfe it Ihould have into before the
objeft, and in the fecond fenfe may admit
evfr; but authors confound them.

We may fafely conceal our good deeds, when they
run no hazard of being diverted to improper ends,
for want of our own infpefiion. Atterbury.

We Oiould apply ourl'clves to ftudy tite pcrfeflions
of God, and to procure lively and vigorous imprcf-
fions of his perpetual prefence with us, and InffeOion
over us. Atterbury.

The divine infftSlion into the affairs of the world,
doth iiecefTarily follow from the nature and being of
God ; and he that denies this, doth implicitly deny
hisexidence. Bcnlley.

Inspe'ctor. «./. [Latin.]

1. A prying examiner.

With their new light our bold inffeBon prefs,
Like Cham, to fhew their father's nakcdnefs.

Denbam.

2. A fuperintcndent.

Young men may travel under a wife Infpelhr or
tutor to different parts, that they may bring home
ufeful knowledge. l^atti,

Inspe'rsion. ». /, [in/perJiOf'LiUn.] A
fprinlcling upon. Ainfiuorth.

ro Insphf.'re. tt.a. [/« and_/5>^f/r.J To
place in an orb or fphere.

Where thofe immortal diapes
Of brigfit aerial fpirits live in/phtr'i.
In regions mild of calm and ferene air. Milton.

iNsn'jLABLii. adj. [from mffirt.} WTiich

I N S

may be drawn In with the breath, whiei
may he infufed.

To ihefc»i>/}>/r»i/f hurts, we mayenumente thofc
they fullain from their ezpitation of luliginous dcmii.

Hamy.
Inspiration, n.f. [(tom in/pire.]

1. The ad of drawing in the breath.

In any inflammation of the diaphragm, the fymp^
toms are a violent fever, and a mod eiquifite pain ii><
creafcd upon in/fira'ic)i,}3y which it is diilinguiflied
from a pleurify, iu which the greateti pain is in ex-
piration. Ariuttnot,

2. The aft of breathing into any thing.

3. Infufion of ideas into the mind by a fu.
perior power.

I never fpoke with her in all my life,
— How can (he then call us by our names,
Unlefs it be by in/piralitm T ShaieJ^.

Your father was ever virtuous, and holy men at
their death have good infpiiaiiont. Siialte/f,

We to his high injpirati<,n owe.
That what was done before tlie flood we know.

Denham.
What the trag*lian wrote, the late fuccefs
Declares was injpiration, and not guefs. Dtnbam.
Infpiration is when an overpowering imprelfion of
any propofition is made upon tnc mind by God him-
felf, that gives a convincing and indubitable evidence
of the truia and divinity of it; fo were the prophets
and the apoftles infpired. It'atii.

To INSPI'RE. -v. n, [infpiro, Latin ; /»•
fpirer, French.] To draw in the breath ;
oppofed to expire.

If the infpiring and expiring organ of any animal
be dopt, it luddenly yields to nature aad dies.

ifalion.
7?Inspi're. v. <t.
\. To breath into.

Ye nine, defcend and fing.
The breathing indruments/«/5>;V^. Tope,

I . To infufe by breathing.

He knew not his Maker, and he that hfpireJ
into him an aftive foul, and breached in a livinp
Ip'"'- . H^ifd. XV. II.

3. To infufe into the niind; to impref*
upon the fancy.

I have been troubled in my fleep this night;
But dawning day new comfort hath inffir'd. Siai,

Then to the heart inffir'd
Vernal delight. Millm,

4. To animate by fupcmatural infufion.

Nor th' infpir'd
Caftalianfpring. MihoH.

Erato, thy poet's mind infpire.
And fill his foul with thy celcllial fire. Drydrn.

The letters are often read to the young religious,
to infpire them with fentiirtents of virtue. Addifon.

5. To draw in with the breath.

By means of fulphurous coal-fmoaks thj lungs are
ftifled and opprefled, whereby they are forced to in-
fpire and expire the air with difficulty, in compatifou
of the facility o( infpiring and expiringlbe air in the
country, Harvey.

His baleful breath infpiring as he glides j
Now like a chain around her neck he rides. Dryden.
Inspirer, n. /. [from in/fire.^ He tliat
infpires.

To the infinite God, the omnipotent creator and
preferver of the world, the mod gracious redeemer,
fanflificr, and infpirer of mankind, be all honour.

Derhant,

-Taltjspi'RiT. V. a. [In anii /pirit.] To
animate; to afluate; to fill with life and
vigour; to enliven; to invigorate ; to
encourage.

It has pleafed God to infpirii aai aduate all hit
evangelical methods by a concurrence of fupernatural
drength , which makes it not only eligible but pof.
fible, eafy and pleafant, to do whaten-r he coramandi
us. Decay of Piety.

A difcrect ufe of becoming ceremonies renders the
fervice of the church folemn aad alfefting, Infpiritt
the fluggilh, and inflamci even the devout not-
fliifper. jineriury.

The

I N S

The reurage of Agamemnon ii In/tirhrd by !ovc
#femf ire and ambition. F(i(>c't Prrf. ts tbt UUds.

J et jov or eaft, let affljeDte or content,
AnJ ihe jayconfcicr.ceof a life well fpent,
C'aim ev'ry tliought, inJgWit ev'ry grace,
Ciov. :r. thy heart, and ktiile upon thy face. Pcpe.
ft, Ikspi'ssatk. 'v. a. \in anii/pifus, Lat.J
To thicken ; to make thick.

Sugar doth iKffiffalt the fpints of the wine, and
inaiceth them not lo eafy to refoUe into vapour.

Bacon.

This oil farther inffiffaitj by evaporation (urns

into baim. Arbuibnat oti Alinuitis.

Imspissa'tion. «./. \ixovni>iJpi£'ate.'\ The

aft of tBaking any liquid thick.

The eSeS is wrought by the in/fiffatiex cf the
air. Bac»f:

Recect urine ivill cryftalite by itifpiffatton, and
afford a fait neither acid nor alkaline. Arbulhnot.
liJSTABi'nTy. »./. [^iitftaiilitas, ixom in-
Jlabilitc, Fr. inftahilis, Lat.] Inconftancy ;
ficklencfs ; mutability of opinion or con-
duft.

Injiability of temper ougli< to be checlceJ, when
it dilpofes men to wander Irom one fchcme of gorern-
mect to another; fuch a ficklencfs cannot but be
fatal to our counuy. Addljon's Freebaldn.

Iksta'ble. adj. \injiahilis, Lat.] Incon-
ftanf ; changing. See Ukstable^

yi INSTA'LL. 11. a. \infialler, Fr. /a and
fiall.\ To advance to any rank or office,
by placing in the feat or fiall proper to
that condition.

She reigns a goddeff now among the faints.
That whilom was the faint of fhepherds light.
And is inflaliid noil in heaven's highL Sftnjer.

Cranmer is return'd with welcome,
InfiaU'd archbilhop of Canteibury. Shaktjptart.
The king chofe hjm malicr of the horfe, alter this
he was Infial'.td o\ the moft noble order. Walton.

Ijjstalla't*pn. n.J. [injiallati'jn, French,

from irtjiall.] The aft of giving vifible

poffeflion of a rank or office, by placing

in the proper feat.

Upon the cledion the bilhop gives a manttate for

. . his htjlaj/alioii. Ayliffi's Partrgott.

Jnsta'lment. ff./ [from ;»/?a//.J

<• Theaftof inftailing.

J$ it not eafy
To make lord William Haftings of our mind.
For (he ;>/?u.'»r«/of this noble duke
In the fen royal ? Shah/j>rart'i Richard III.

a. The feat in which one is inftalled.

Search Windfor-caftle, elves.
The feveral chairs of order look you fcour;
Eich fair irjialmtat, coat and feveral creft
With loyal blazon evermore be blcft ! Hbaktffrare .

J'nstancy. S ...

I. Importunity; urgency ; felicitation.
Chriltian ftien (hould much better frame them-
felves to thofe heavenly precepts which our Lord and
Saviour with fo great infiaacy gave u> concerning
peace and uniiy, if we did concur u> have the ancient
councils renewed. Uioktr.

a. Motive; influence; prelfing argument.
Not now in ufe.

She dwells fo fecurely upon her honour, that folly
Jares not prefenf itfelf. Now, could 1 come to her
wiih any direflion in my hand, my defirej had in-
Jlanci and argument to commend thcmfelves.

St.ikr/j,cjre's Merry H'lvn tf Windfor.
The i/rjlancei ihn fecond roatrriage move,
An bafe lefpeOs of thiift, but none ol love.

Slaie/f.

3. Profecntion or procefs of a fuit.

The injiancr of a caufe is faid to be that judicial
procefs which is made from the contettationof afuii,
even to th: time of pronouncing fcutcncc in the
taufe, or till the end of three years. Ajli£t.

A, Example; document.

Yet doth this accident

6 I

I'N S

So far exceed all lujienct, all difcoUtCr,

That i am XSA^I to dillrull mine eyes. Sbaiejpearr.

In furnaces of copper and brafs, where vitriol is
often call in, there rifeih fuddenly a fly, which fome-
timej movcth on the walls of the furn.ice; fomc-
timcs in the fire below; and dieth prefently as foon
as it is out of the furnac? : which is a noble i/ifiance,
and worthy to be weighed. Bacon.

We find in hillory infiancn of perfons, who, after
their pril'ous have b^en flung open, have chofen ra-
ther to languifb in their dungeons, than (lake their
niiferable lives and fortunes upon the fucccl's of a re-
volution. Addifon.

The greateft faints are fometimcs made the moft
remarkable hijlartces of fuffering. Aturbury.

Suppofc the earth (hould be removed nearer tp the
fun, and revolve for. x/j^djvfe in the orbit of Mercury,
the whole ocean wouU boil with heat. Bintity.

The ufe of injlxnccs is to iUuihate and explain a
difficulty ; and this end is beft anfweicd by fuch/»-
Jtanccs as are familiar and common. Baker.

5. btate of any thing.

Thefc fecm as if, in the time of Edwaid the Firft,
they were drawn up into the form of a law in the fird
injlaiice. Hule.

6. Occafion ; aft.

The peiformaiices required on our part, are no
other than what natural reafon has endeavoured to re-
commend, even in the moft fevere and difficult in-
Jiarif etoiiMy. Rogers.

A foul fupreme in each hard wjlance try'd
Above all pain, all anger, and all pride. Pope.

If Eufebia has lived as free from fin as it is pcfHale
for human nature, it is becaufc (he is always watch-
ing and guarding againftall iiifiaTices of pride.

La'ur't Sei ious Call,

To I'nstance. 'V. n. [from the noun. j To
give or offer an example.

As 10 falfe citations, that the world «iay fee bow
little he is to be trulted, I (hall injiance in two or
three about which be makes the loudeft clamour. '

Tilhijvn.
In tragedy and fatire, this age and the laft have
excelled the ancients ; and I would injiance'in Sliakc-
fpeare of the former, in Dorfet of the latter.

Vryden'l yuvtHal.

I'NSTANT. adj. \injiant, Fr. /«/?«»/, Lat.]

1. Prefling ; urgent ; importunate; earntft.

And they were injlant with loud voices, requiring
that he might be crucified. Luke, xxiii . 2j .

^joicing in hope; patient in tribulation; con-
tinuing infiant in prayer. Romans, xii. 12.

2. Immediate ; without any time interven-
ing ; prefent.

Our good old friend, beltow
Your needful counlel to our bufinefies,'
Which crave the injiani ufe. Sbakeff. King Lear.

Th' infiani Itroke of death denounc'd to-day,
Remov'd far off. Mibon.

Nor aative country thou, nor friend Oialt fee ;
Nor war haft thou 10 wage, nor year lo come ;
Impending death is thine, and infianl ioam. Prior.

3. Quick ; making no delay.

InJlanl without dilturb they took alarm. Millori.
Griev'd that a vifitant fo long (hould wait
. Unmark'd,unhonour'd, at a monarch's gate;
Jn/lant'hc flew with hofpitablc hafte.
And the new friend with courteous air embrac'd.

Pofe.

I'nstant. ti./. [injlant, Fr.]

1 . l>}fiant is fuch a part of duration wherein
we perceive no fucceffion. Locke.

There is fcarcc an in/lanl between their flourilh-
ing and their not being. Hooker.

Her nimble body yet in time mud move.
And not in injlanis through all places Ifridc ;

But (he is High and far, beneath, above,
In point of lime, which thought cannot divide.

J^avies.

At any hjlanl of time the moving atom is but m
one fingle point of the line; therefore all but ili-t
one point 15 either future or part, and no othSr parts
are co-exiftent or contemporary with it.

Bentiey's Sermon*s.

2. A particular time.

I can at any uofcafonable hjl ani of ^ sight a[-

INS

point her to look out at her lady's chamber window* .

Sbukejpeare.
3. It is ufed in low and commercial language
for a day of the prefent or current month.
On the twentieth irtJiantxK is my intention to eretfi
a lion's head. AJdifon's Guardian. .

Instanta'meous. aJj Xinjlontancus, Lat.J
Done in an inftant ; aftirig at once with-
out any perceptible fucceffion ; afting
with the litraoft fpeed; done with the
utmoft fpeed.

This manner of the beginning or ceafingof the de-
luge doth not at all agr* with the injiantaneous ac-
tions of creation and annihilation. Burnet's 'Theory,

The rapid radijnce injiantaneous (frikcs
Th' iUumin'd moitntain, Tbomjort,

Instanta'neousi.y. adv. [from injianta-
fieoui.] In an invifible point of time.

What I had heard of the raining of frogs came

to my thoughts, there being reafon to conclude that

thofe came from ihcclouds, or were injlantaneoi^y

generated , Derbam.

1'nstantly. adv. [injianter, Lat.]

1. Immediately; without any perceptible
intervention of time.

In a great whale, the fcnfe and the eflTe^s of any
one pan of the body injianiiy malce a tranfcuifioa
throughout the whole body. Bacon's Nat. Hiji.

Sleep injiantiy fell on me. Milton,

As fev'ral winds arlfe,
Juft To their natures alter injlanily. May's Virgti,

2. With urgent importunity.
ToInsta'te. v. a. [»'» and /?'?'''•]

1. To place in a certain rank or condition.

This kind of conqueft does only injialc ihe viflor
in thcfe rights, which the contjucred prince had.

Itah.

Had thrsglil^eringmonfter been born to thy pover-
ty, he could not have been fo bad ; nor, perhaps, had
thy birth injlated thee in the fame grealuefs, wouldit
thou have been better. ' South.

The firft of them being eminently holy and dear
to Cod, (hould derive a blelTing (o his poUerity on
that account, and prevail at laft to have them alfo
accepted as holy, and injiated in the favour of God.

Alter bi^j, ■

2. To inveft. Obfolete.

For his polfeflions, , •

Although by conlifcation they are ours.
We do irtjiateani widow you withal. Shakefptare,

Instaur a'tion. ti.j. yinjiattraliou, Yr, in-
jlauraiio, hat.] Relloration ; reparation;

renewal.
Ikste'ad. of prep. [A word formed })y

the coalition of in anAjiead, place. J

1. In room of; in place of.

They, ixjlead cf (luit,

Chew'd bitter d(hes. Sii/tai,

Vary the form of fpeech, and injieadcf ihe wotil

church make it a queftion in politicks, nhelhcr the

monument be in danger. Siuiji.

2. Equal to.

This very confideration fo a wife man is injlea^of
a tlioul'and arguments, to fatisfy him, that, in thole
times, no fuch thing wis believed. lilLiJon.

3. Injiead IS fometiines ufed without of.
In the place ; in the room.

He in dcrilion fets
tTpoii iheir tongues a various fpirit, lo rafe
Quite out their native language, and injicad
Tofow a jangling noifc of tongues unknown. Milt6Jt%

T'o Inste'ep. f. a. [in andy;?^'^.]

1. To foak ; to macerati- in moifiure. ■

Suftblk firft died, and York, all hassled over,
Comes 10 him where in gore he lay injierp'd.

Sbakejpearr,

2. Lying under water.

1 he guttered lOcks, and congregated •fands.
Traitors injinp'd to cjog the guiltlcfs keel. Slafe/p,

Instep, tt. f. [i// and Jief] The upper
pait of the foot where it joints to the leg.
*^ 'ihe

The caliga was a military (hot with a TCry thick
- fcle, tied above the iri^rf with leather thongs.

Arimbnol or Ccirtt.

To I'NSTIGATE. ii. a. [inJUgo. Lat. inili-
giier, Fr.] To urge to ill; to provoke
or incite to a crime.

Ikstica'tion. It./. ^iitfUgathH, French,
from ittJiigaitJ] Incitement to a crime ;
encouragement; impulf^to ill.

Why, what need we
Communewiih you of this ? But rather follow
Our forceful ittfligalkn. Sh,iktfp. ffinttr't Tale.
U Wis partly by the in/liga:i<nt of fome laftinus

. malecontents that bare principal Itroke amongft them.

Shalt atiy man, that wilfully :procufes the cutting
ef whole armies to .piece?, fct up for an innocent ?
As if the lives that were taken away by his inji:-
^ttioM were not to be charged upon his account.

L'F.Jliangr,

We have an abridgment of all the hafencfs and
Villainy that both the corruption of nature and the
injiigatim of the devil could bring the fous of men
to. South.

Ivstica'tor. »./. [ifiji'gatfur, Fr. from
ivJH^aleJ\ Inciter to ill.

That fea of blood is enough to drown in eternal
inifeiy the malicious autlior or inftigator of its effu-
fion. King Charles.

Either the eagemeft of acquiring, or the revenge
of milfine dignities, have been the great injiigaton
cf ecclefi^ick feuds. Decay o/Pierj.

7i INSTl'L. -y. a. [injlillo, Lat. inJiilUr,

French.]
1. To infufe by drops.

He from the well of life three drops iitfiill'J.

MUtoit.
a. To infinuate any thing imperceptibly
into the mind ; to infufe.

Though afTemblies be had indeed for religion's
fake, hurtful nevcrthelefs they may eafily prove, as
well in regard of their htnefs to ferve the turn of
hcretlcks, and fuch as piivily will foonell adventure
loiffjiil their foifon into men*s minds. Hooker.

He had a farther delign to iijiil and infinuate
good inftruftion, by contributing to men's hippinefs
in this prefent life. Calamy.

Thole heathens did in a particular manner injlil
the principle into their children of loving their coun-
tr)', which is far otherways now-a-days. S-wifl.

Instilla'tion. tt.J. [i///liUaiio, Lat. from

injiil.]

1. ^iTie aft of potiring in by drops.

2. 1 he aft of infufing flowly into the mind.

3. The thing infufcd.

They irobitter the cup of life by infenfible inJiiHa-
Itcti:. Ramiler.

Insti'lment. n. /. [from inflil,'] Any
thing inftilled.

The lepcrous tnfiilnent. Shakefteare .

I N S T I ' N C T . adj. [iiiftina, Fr. injlin^us, Lat. ]

Moved ; animated. A word not in ufe.

forth rulli'd with whirlwind found
The chariot of paternal deity,
F!a(lii:'E thick flames, wheel within wheel undrawn,
Itfelf iitftinc} with fpirit, but convo) 'd
■ By four cherubick ihapes. Milton.

I'NSl INCT. w. f. {hjiina, Fr. i»fiinaus,
Lat. This word had its accent formerly
on the laft fyllable.] Defire or averfion
afting in the mind without the interven-
tion of reafor. or dclilieration ; the power
of determining the will of brutes.

In him they fear your highnefs' death;
And mere injiin^ of love and loyalty
Makes them thus forward in his banilhmcnt. Shak.

Thou knowell 1 am as valiant as tiercuirs ; but
beware irjiinlf; the lion will not touch the true
.prince : inftinli is a great m.itier, I was a coward
ga itjiiriei: I (h.ill think llu- hotter of myfclf and
tlioe, during my life; 1 far a valiant lion, and thee
Ik a true prince. Skakiff, Htnrj IV.

i N s

But providence or iiJUnetoicMin feems.
Or mfon though difturb'd, and fcarceconfoltei,
To have guided me aright. Milton't Agtnijies,

Nature firll pointed out my Fortius to me,
And early taught mc by her fecret force
To love thy pcrfon, ere I Jtnew thy merit ;
Till what was inJiinSt grew up into friendfli/p.

Addijon.
The philofopher averj
That reaTon guides our deed, and inftinfi theirs.
inJlinS and reafon how (hall we divide} Prior.

Reafon fervcs when prcfs'd ;
But honeli infllnfi comes a volunteer. Popt.

In-sti'ncted. afl^' [injiina us, hzt-l Im-
preffcd as an animated power. This, nei-
ther mufical nor proper, was perhaps in-
troduced !)y Betttliy.

What native unejtinguilhaWe beauty muft be im-
prcffed and ixjlinfled lh!0\if,h the whole, which the
defedaliun of fo many parts by a bad printer and a
worfe editor could not hinder from (hining forth !

Benrley*s Preface to Milton.

iNSTr'scTivE.a^'. [from ;>////»<?.] Afting
without the application of choice or rea-
fon ; rifing in the mind without apparent
caufe.

Rais'd
By quicit injiin£}ive motion. Up I fprung,
As tliiiherward endeavouring. Milton.

It will be natural that UlylTcs's mind tliould fore-
bode ; and it appears that the irfftintlii>e prefage was
a favourite opinion of Homer's. Broome.

Insti'nc riVELY. ailj. [from injlincli'w.'\
By inftinft ; by the call of nature.

The very rats
Infl'inCllvely had quitted it. Shakeff. temfrft.

7*9 I'NSTITUTE. 'v. «. {jnfiituo, injiitutum,

Lat. injlituer, Fr.]
I. To fix; to eftablifh; to appoint; to

enaft ; to fettle ; to prcfcribe.

God then irtjlituled a law natural to be obferved by
creatures; and therefore, according to the manner
of laws, the inftitution thereof is defcribed a.s being
eliablilhed by folemn injui)<!<ion. Hooker.

Here let us breathe, and haply injiitute
A courfe of learning, and ingenuous iludics,

Sbakefpctre.

Tothe produiSionof theeffeft they are determined
by the laws of their nature, infiituted and imprinted
on them by inimitable wil'Jom. Hale.

The theocracy of the Jews was infiituted by God
himfelf. Tentjile.

To infiilule a court and country party williout ma-
terials, would be a very new fyltem in politicks.

S'wift.

z. To educate; to inftruft; to form by

inftruftion.
If children were early itifiiluled,knovi]e3gc would

infcnlibly infmuate itfelf. Decay of Piety.

I'nstitute. n.f, [it^itut, Fr. injiitutum,

Lat.]

1 . Eftabli(hed law ; fettled order.

This law, though cullom now direfls the courfe,
As nature 'si'yf/r«/e, is yet in force,
Uncancel'd, though difufcd. Drydcjt.

2. Precept ; maxim ; principle.

Thou art p.de in mighty Itudics grown,
To make the Stoick infiitutes thy own. Dryden,

Isstitu'tion, n.f, [;^//«//o», French ;
inflitiitio, Ijit.]

1. Aft of eftablifhing,

2. Eftablilhment ; fettlement.

The infiitutiun of God's Law is defcribed as be-
ing eliablilhed by folemn injundlion. Hooker.

It became him by wlioin all things are, to be the
way of falvalion to all, that the inftitution and refti-
tulion of the world might be both wrought with one
hani. Hooker.

This unlimited power placed fundamentally in the
body of a people, is what Icgillators have endeavoured,
in their I'cveral fchenicsor i/rfiiiuturtioi goviramcait
to depolii in fuch huids at would prcferve (he people.

Sv-ift.

I N S

3. Pofitlvc law.

They quarrel fometimes with the execution ofkws,
and fometimes with the infiitntion. Ttmfle.

The holinefs of tlie lirft fruits and the lump is an
Itolinefs merely of ittfiitutioHt outward and nominal ;
whereas the holinefs of tlie root is an holinefs of
nature, inherent and real. Atteibury,

The law and infiitution founded by Mofcs was to
eftablilh religion, and to make mercy and peace
known to the whole earth. Forlci,

4. Education.

After baptifm, when it is in infancy received, fnc-

cccds inftruction and injiitution in the nature an!

feveral branches of that vow, which was made at the

font, and in a ihort intelligible manner. Hammond.

It is a necellary piece of providence in the hfii.

tulion of Our children, to train them up to fomewhat

in their youth, that may honedly entertain them in

their age. L'E/lrar.ge.

HisSearning was not the cffeiil of precept or injti..

tution. Bentley^

In-stitu'tionarv. ailj. [from, infiitutiott.]

Elemental ; containing the fidldoftrincsj

or principles of doftrine.

That it was not out of falhion Arirtotle declareth

in his politicks, among the infiitutionary rules of

youth. Bro-ccn,

r N 5 T 1 T U TOR . ».y; \injiituteur, French ; »«.

Hi tilt or, Lat.]

1. An eftablilher; one who fettles.

It might have fucccejed a little better, if it hid
pleafed the injlituton of the civil months of the fua
to have ordered them alternately odd and even.

Holder on Time,

2. Inftruftor; educator.

The two great aims which every infiitutor of youth
fhould mainly and iutenlionally drive at. Walker.
I'nstitutist. »./. [ixom infiituie.'] Writer
of inftitutes, or elemental inftruftions.

Green gall the hifiitutlfts would perfuade us to be
an effcfl of an over-hot fiomach. Harney on Conf.
To Iksto'p. 'V. a. [;a andy/«/.] To clofe
up ; to Hop.

With boiling pitch another near at hand
The feams infhfs. Dryden's Ann. Mlrai.

To INSTRU'CT. 1: a. participle preterit;
injirucled or infiruli. Sjujlruo, Latin ; /«-
firiiirt, Fr.]

1 . To teach ; to form by precept ; to in-
form authoritatively ; to educate; to in-
iVitute ; to dircft.

Out of heaven he made thee to hear his voice that
he might infirucl thee. Deut. iv. 36.

His God doth infiruSl him to difcreiicn, and doth
teach him. Ifa. xxviii. 16.

Chcnaniah, chief of the I.evitcs, infirufled i\>oat
the fong, becaufe he was Ikilful. i Ciron. xv. zt.

Thou approved the things (hat are more excellent,
being rff//"'^/t'</ out of the law. Rom. ii. it.

hJtrsiH me, for thou knoweft. Milton.

He ever by confulting at thy fhrine
Rcturn'd the wifer, or the more inJiruSi
To fly or follow what concern 'd him moft. Milton,

2. It has commonly ;/t before the thing
taught.

They that were InfirvSted in the fongs of the Lord

were two hundred fourfcnre and eight. i Chron.

Thcfc arc the things ivbertin Solomon was r/u

firuHed iai building ot the houfc of God. i Ciren.

3. To model ; to form. I.,ittle in ufe.

They fpeak to the merits of a caufc, after the proc-
tor has prepared and injlrueled the lame fur a hear-
ing before the judge. Ayliffe,

Instru'cter. n. /. [from inftru^.'\ A
teacher; aninftituter; one who delivers
precepts or imparts knowledge. It is
often written Insructor.

Though you have ten thoufand inflruClcrs in
Chrift. I Cor. iv. 15.

After the flood arts to Chaldea fell.
The father of the faithful there did dwell,
Who both lUeir pareai aiid infirudtr was. D"ii>.im.

O ih4U)

I N S

O thou, who future things can 'ft ttprefent
As pirfent, hcav'nly wJiruHor ! Mltlon.

Poeis, the firft inJIruBvs of mankind,
I Brought ali things to their native proper ufe.

Rofcommon .
They fee how they are befet on eveiy fide, not
only with temptations, but mfiruBars to vict.

Several mftruHan were difpofed among this little

helplefs people. Addlfon.

We have precepts of duty given us by our In-

Jlruclirs. Ra».

Instru'ction. n.f. [iajlru^ion, Fr. from
injirtifi. ]

1. The aft of teaching ; information.

It lies on you to I'peak,
Not by your own inJiiuSHcn, nor by any matter
Which yourhearl prompts you lo. Shjkijpesre.

We arc beholden to Judicious writers of all ages,
for thofe difcovcrics and difcourfes they have left
behind them for our i/iftrueti'^x. Locke,

2. Precepts conveying knowledge.

Will ye not receive iit/lrucliott to hearken to re-
ccive my words ? %-r. xxty.

On ev'ry thorn delightful wifdom grows,
In ev'ry (tream a fweci injlrueiicn flows ;
But fome untai:;ht o'erhcjr the wliiii^inj rill.
In fpite of fjcred leilure, blocltlicads itill. YoLtig.

3. Authoritative information ; mantiate.

Sec this difpaich'd with all the haftc thou can'fl;
Anon I'll give thee more inftruSlim. Shakr/pta'f.
iNSTRu'eriVE. aJj. (from iajlruti; iii-
firuaif, French.] Conveying knowledge.

VVith variety of inftrunnr expreflions by fpetch
man alone is endowed. Holder.

I would not laugh but to inftrufl ; or if my mirih
ceafcs to be infiruaive, it Ihall never ceafe to be in-
nocent. AdJifon.

I'NS'l RUMENT. »./. [wjirumcnt. Fr. /,-
ftrumentum, Lat.]

1. A tool ufed for any work orpurpofe.

If he fmitc him with an irjlnimcnl ai iron, fo
that he liie, he is a murderer. Nimb, xxxr. 16.

What artifitial frame, what InftrumeHI,
Did one fuper or genius e'er invent !
Which to the mulcJes is preferr'd ? Blackmore.

Boi is ufefBl lor turners and injirument makers.

Moriimcr.

2. A frame conftrufted fo as to yield har-
monious founds.

He ihat lirikeili an infirumnt without (kill, may
caufe noiwiihllanJing a very pleafaat found, if the
ftiir.g whereon iie Itnketh chance 10 be capable of
•^""""y- H.'Aer.

She taketh moft delight
In mufick, inflrumenis and poetry. Shakr/peare.

In folilarj groics he makes hu moan.
Nor, mii'd in mirih, in youijitul pleafures (hares.
But figh» when Ibngi and mjiiumtnu he hear,.

- '. . . . Dryden.

3. A writing containing any contract or

order.

He called pdna his wife, and took paper, and did
trriw an inflmmm of covenants, and fcaled ir.

'. ' TcSlai.

4. The agent. It is ufed of perfons as well
as things, hut of- perfons very often in
an ill fenfc.

If, haply, you my father do fufpefl.
An iiijirumtni ai this your calling back.
Lay not your blame on me. Shukrfp. Oih<Ih.

5.. That by means whereof fomething is
done.

The gods would not not have delivered a foiil into
the boJv which hath arms and kgs, oil) IrJIru-
mrnlt of do.ng ; but iliai it were intended the mind
(hould employ ibem. Sidney.

All voluntary fcH-deniali and auAeriiies which
Chriftianily commends bccom« neceflary, not limply
lor themfclvei, but a> injltumenit towards a higher
*"<1; Oecayof t'ieiy.

Reputation ii the fnx.lleft facrifice iholc can make
ut, who have been ihe injitiimtnii of our ruin.

Vol., I. 5 j

I N S

There is one tiling to be confidered concerning
reafon, wheiher Ijllogifm be the proper inftruv.ent
of it, and the ulifulleft way of exercifing this fa-
™'ty- Lccke.

6. One who atSs only to ferve the purpofes
of another.

He fcarcely knew what was done in his own
chamber, but as it pleated her inftruments to frame
themfelves. Sidney.

AH the i/ijliuments which aided to expofe tlie
child, were even then lolt when it was found. Siuk.
In benetits as well as injuiies, it is the principal
that we are to coniider, not the iajtrnnieni ; that
which a man does by another, is in truth his own
»<S,- VEjhurge.

The bold are but the infiruments of the wife.
They undertake the dangers they advife. Dryden.
Instrume'ntal. adj. {injirumenial, Fr.
infirumsntnm, Latin. J
Conducive as means to fome end j or-

ganica..

Ail fecond and i"JlrumcKtal caufes, without that
operative faculty whici. GoJ gave ihcm, wciild be-
come ai;ogether filent, vifiuclels, and dead. Ral<igb.

Prayer, which is ixjhinmnial to every iliing,
hath aparticular promilc in this tiling. ^ayior.

It is not an eflentul pjri of religion, but raihcr
an auxiiiar)- and i':Jlrumental duty. Smalrijge.

1 dilcern fome excellent final caufei ot con-
junflion of body and foul j but the iiifirumetii.,l 1
know not, nor whit invilibic bands and leiieii, unite
themtogethrr. beriiley.

. Afting to fome end; contributing to
fome purpofe; helpful: ufed of perfons
and things.

The prcfbvtcrian merit is of little weight, when
theyalledge themf-hes iijliumcntal towards the re-
Itoration. Siviji.

. Confifting not of voices but inftru-
ments ; produced by inftruments. not
vocal.

They which, under pretence of the law cere-
Dionial abrogated, require the abrogation of injiru-
vunlal mufick, .ipprovmg ncverthclefs the ufe ol
vocal melody to r~mjio, mull (hew fome reafon,
whereloic the one Ihould be thought a legal cere-
mony and not the other. Hooker.

Oil in bands,
While they keep watch, or nightly rounding walk.
With heav'niy touch ol ixftrunuTiui founds
In full harmonious number join'd, their fongs
Divide the night, and litt our thoughts to heav'n.

Millan.
Sweet voices, miit wiih infliumtntal J-.unJs,
Afceud the vaulted roof, the vaulted root rebounds.

Dryden,

Ixstrumenta'lity. n.f. [from injim-
mtnial.'\ Subordinate agency ; agency of
any thing as means to an end.

Thole natural and involuntary adiingsarc not done
by dehberaiion and formal command, yet they are
done 'jy the %iriuc, cnerjy, anl inKux of the foul,
and the injlrumemulity ot the fpirits. Hale.

Instrumk'ntai.ly. ad-v. [from injiru-
mental.^ In the nature of an inftrumcOt ;
as me^ns to an end.

Men's well-being here in this life is but i'Jiru.
menially good, n being the means lor him lo be wrll
in the next life. l^iebv-

Habitual preparation for the facrament coi.lills in
a ftaiiding, permanent habit, or principle of holi-
nefs, ivr.iught chiefly by C^d's Ipirit, and injtru-
mentttlly by his word, in the heart or foul of man.

Soulh.

Inst«ume'ntalnpss. n.f. [{tomdff/iru-
meu/a/.] Ufefulneis as means to an end.

The injlrumniiahfji of riches to works of tha-
riiy, h.is rendered 11 wiy pt^lnicil, in every jChri-
ftian commonwealth, by lawi to fcitic and fecurc
propriety. H,„nmo„d.

iNSu'lFERABLE. adj. [ill mA/u^fftralle.]

1. Intolerable; infupportaUc; intcnfe be
yond endurance.

I N S

The one is oppreffed with conflant heat, the other
with iKfuJferable cold. Bro-un's y„lgar E,r„un

Eyes that contsfs'd him born for kingly fwjv
So fierce they flafh'd infufferalle day. DrvJn

Though great light be i«f,.fferable to our eyes, yel
the highefl degree of daiknefs does not at .,11 dif-
cafe them j becaufe that caufing no difordcrlv mo-
tion, leaves that curious org.in unharmed i ,."V

2. Deteftabic; contemptible; difguftine'be-
yond endurance.

A multitude of fcribblers, who daily pefter the
world w„h their inJuJjer.Me ituS", IbJuld be iff!
couraged Irom writing any more. Dr<,dm '

Insu'fk«..d,y. „dk>. \irom injuffeutbtA
To a degree beyond endurance.
Thofe heav'niy fhapes
Will dazzle now this earthly, with their blaze ■
inMc ratty \>ui'nu A///,„.

There is no perfon remarka'uly ungrateful,-*ho

South.

ifc

' ot nniu,.

was not alio injujiralily proud

Insuffi'cience. \tt./. [;„r.,^7,

Insui-fi'ciency. / JK :ns
adcquatenefs to any end orj..,,
of reqnifite' value or' power':
things atiu perfons.

The miiiillci's jpti:..-!-! n: .
than by reading to luHiuCt
this place as a Ifrangei, l^llh , .
Common prayer hath iioihin:

The inj^j/icie/icy of iMli^. „.
h(Mt of icripmre, fo fully .fuppli^-u, „
U^i than this halh added, tliue doih n.ti.cc , , -
that end. H ' '

We will give you Ileepy drinks, that vo.r (e,X'
un.n.eil,g.nt ot our ,V^,v«,., .'i.^.U' ^-

cai.not praile us, as iitiie accufe .,s. A7.., Weayl

IM experience has diicovered their d.,cct fa iZ
/■£^^'«0; 1 Uid certainly conclude them to be in.

an5^^^^;^;£-t:t:-<M^^^
^'';""')---- "^r'>^^#./...,"'i:;ti^;

« and/#r«v//.] Inadequate to any need
nfe. or purpofe; wanting abilities ; in-
capable ; unfit.

juftly reje<a them as incapable and infujfiu,,,,. ^

We a,« weak, dependant creatures, i.rJ!i"m[:

our own happinefs, full of wants whicl/ofourfe v .

we cannot relieve, cxpof.d to a nun^erous train of

evils which we know not how to divert rZ,,,

. Parting kills by the bad fc.e, no, by tliefS'

Witli want ot proper ability; „ot ikil-
J he att of breathing upon.

Impolition of hand! is a cultom of parents in
bhfling their children, but taken up by the a oftle^
...Head ol that divine injumuu;,, wLh Chnff ufe"

Insular, ^dj. {infulane, French; ir,.

Insula. v./ yW«,v>, Latin.] Belonging

to an ifland. ^ °

Oruina, being furrounded with the fca, is hardlr

tages' ""■ "^ '"^ ""'"^ ""'='" '"J"''"y ■"!""-

rNsuLATED. adj. {i„fula, Latin.] "nt

contiguous on any fide.
iNsu'isE «^-. li„jul,u!, Latin.] Dull j ia-
iipid ; heavy. "' '

\''':^:--'-"-f-\'''f".^>'>u Lat.'n; ,V/;7/,. Fr.]

1 . I he aft of leaping upon any thing. In

fyllable : the fenfe is rare.

'J-he bull's infuS, at lour ftie may f„ftai„,
But after ten Irom nuptial ritrs rclrai,,. DryJe,,

2. A« or fpeech of infolence or contcinptl

The rutlilcf, (ncd that inj„l, adds to gacl . li/:„ge.

'i'akt

I N T

Taktthe fentfnrt ferioufly, bccaufe railltrie* are
«n injull on ihe unforf.inaie. ' Bmm om lit OJyfty.
To INisU'LT. -v.a. {infulter, Fiench ; iii-
fulio, Latin.]

1. To treat with infolence or contempt.
It is ufed fometimes with ever, iomt-
times without a prepofition.

The poet makes his hero, aflcr he was glutted by
the death of Heflor, and the honour he did his
friend by infulting over his murderer, to be moved
by the tears of king Priam. ^ P"!"-

2. lo trample upon i to triumph over.

It pleas'J the king his mafter very lately
To ftrikc at me upon his mifconllruilion ;
When he conjund, and flait'ring his difplcafure,
Tript me behind; being down, \r,fuh(d, rail'd,
And put upon himfucha dealof man.
That worlhied him. Hhahffecire'i King Lear.

So 'fcapes the infulting fire his nanow jail.
And makes fmall outlets into open air. DryJen.

Ev'n when they fing at eafc in full content,
Iirfuliirg o'er the toil they underwent,
Yet ftill they find a future taik remain.
To turn the foil. D,-^rlen's Virgil.

iNSu'LTfR. n. f. [from />>//.] One who

treats another with infolent triumph

Ev'n man, the metcilel's infulier man,
Man, who rejoices in our fex's weaknefs.
Shall pity thee. Ks-we's Jane Shwe.

iNsu'LTiNGLY.ai/t;. [frora;>/tf//;>rf.] With
contemptuous triumph.

lnjultitigly, he made your love his boaft.
Cave me my life, and toU me what il coft. Drfd,

Insuperability, «./. [from injuferab1e.'\

The quality of being invincible.
INSL'PERABLE. adj. [htfuperahilis, Lat.]
I, Invincible; infurmountable; not to be
conquered ; not to be overcome.

This appears to be an injuferable objeflion, be-
caufe of the evidence that fenle fecms to give it.

D'ghy on Hodies.

Much might be done, would we but endeavour ;

nothing is infupirablt to pains and patience. R.iy.

And middle natures how they long to join,
Yet never pafs ih' in/ufernbU line. Pafe.

Iksu'pERABLENESS. k. /. [(torn in/afern-
ble.'] Invinciblenefs ; irapoffibility to be
furmounted.
Insu'perably. adv. [from iitfnperable.']
Invincibly; infurmountably.

Between the grain and the vein of a diamond there
is this difTerencc, that the former fuithers, the latter,
being fo infuferably hard, hinders thelplitling of it.
Cretu's Miijueum.
I.n'SUPPo'rtable. adj. \in/npptirtatlc, Fr.
in znA /up portable ] Intolerable ; infuiFer-
able ; not to be endured.

A difgrace put upon a man in company is tit-
fufforiablt ; it is heightened according to the great-
ncfs, and multiplied according to the number, of (he
perfons that hear. Ssulh.

The bafcr the enemies XK, the more infupportable
is the inlblen.e. I: hjirange.

The thought of being nothing afterJeath i> a bur-
den inJvppmtabU\.oi virtuous man: we naturally
aim at happinefs, and canuoi bear ta have it confined
toout piefcnt beinJ5. Dryden,

To thofc that dwell under or near the Equator,
tills fpriiig will be a molf pcllilent and itfupfiort-
ahte Summer; and as for thofe countries that are
nearer the Poles, a perpetual Spring will not do their
bufineft. B,mhy.

Iksuppo'rtableness. ». / \ixom itijup-
fortable.'] InfufFerablenefs ; the ftate of
being beyond endurance.
Then fell iTie to fo pitiful a declaration of the ia-
fuffei tatlrKtfi of her dcfires, that Dorus's ears pro-
cured hi' eyes with tears to give tcllimony how much
they fullered for her fuffcring. Sidney.

Insuppo'rtably. ad<v. [from injnpport-
able.] Beyond endurance.

I N T

But fjfcfthe who ilood aloof.
When infupforially his foot advanc'd.
In fcorn of their proud aims, and warlike tools,
Sp.irn'd them lo death by troops. Milton's Agowjlei.
The firlt day's audience fulticiently convinc'd me.
That the poem was infufpoilably too long. Diydcn.
Insurmo'untable. adj. Sjnfurmwntable,
Fr. in and furmounlable.'\ Infuperable ;
unconquerable.

This difficulty is infurmovHlahle, till I can make

fimplicity and variciv the f.ime. hocie.

Hope thinks nothitig difficult j defpair tells us, that

difficulty is infwmcuniable. nails.

Insurmo'untably. a-lt}. [from itijur-

moiintable.] Invincibly ; unconquerably.
Insurre'ction. n.f. {injurga Latin.] A
feditious rifing ; a rebellious commotion.

Between the afliiig of a dreadlul thing,
And the liril motion, all the inierim is
Like a phantafma, or a hideous dream :
'I'he genius and the mortal inllruments
Arc then in council ; and the Hate ot man.
Like to a little kingdom, fufl'ers then
1 he nature of an ixjiirrc-tion. .Si.ikefp. Jul. Ctr/ar.

This city of old time hath made injvrrcaion
ag.iinH kings, and that icbellionund fedition have
been made therein. E^ra.

There (hall be a great infmreBion up"n tliofe that
fear the Uid. 2 I^P- «'>■ 1°-

I.iJmrcBiMS of bafe people are commonly more
furious in their beginnings. Bacon's Heury V U,

Tlie trade of Rome had like to have fulfcred ano-
ther great ftroke by an injunction in Egypt.

Arbutbnot.

Insusurra'tion. v. f. [;>////«n-o, Latin.]

I he aft of whifpering into fomething.
Inta'ctiui.e. adj. \iii and tafliim, Latin.]
Not perceptible to the touch. DUl.

INTA'GLIO. „./. [Italian.] Any thing that
has figures engraved on it.

We meet with ihe'fisures which Juvenal defcribes

on antique intaglios and medals. Aidifon on Italy.

Inta'stable. adj. Via and tiijie.] Not

raifing any fenfations in the organs of

tafte. A word not elegant, nor ufed.

Something which is invifibie, ininjlable, and in-
tangible, as cxiHing only in the f.!nty, may produce
a pleafure fuperior to that of fenle. Grew.

INTEGER. ?/./. [Latin.] The whole of
any thing.

As, not only fignified a piece of money, but any
liMeger; tiom whence is deiivcd the word .ict, or
unit. Arbuthnot,

I'ntegral. adj. \JHlegial, French; inte-
ger, Latin.]

1. Whole : applied to a thing confidered
as comprifing all its conftituent parts.

A local motion keepeth bodies integral, and their
parts together. Bacon's Salural Hijiory.

2. Uninjured; complete; not defeftive.
No wonder if one remain fpecchlefs, though of

integral principles, who, from an inlant, fhould be
bred up amoiigft mutes, and have no teaching.

Holder.

J. Not ftaftional ; not broken into frac-
tions.
1'nt EG R AL. n, f. The whole made up of

parts.

Phvficians, by the help of anatomical difleftions,
have fearched into thofe various meanders of the
veins, arteries, nerves, and imegrali of the human
body. H''le.

Confider the infinite complications and combina-
tions of fevcral concurrences to the conllitution and
operation of almoft every integral in nature. Hale.
A mathematical whole is better called integral,
when the fevcral parts, which make up the whole
arcdiftinft, and each may fubfill apart. IVatts.

Inte'grity. ?/./. [iittegrite, Fr. iittegritas,

from integer, Lat.]
I. Honefty ; uncorrupt mind; purity of
manners ^ uucoiiuptednefs.

I N T

Your difhonour
Mangles true judgment, and beixavej the (lit*
Of that iitlegiiiy which ihould become iU Siaf.

Macdulf, this noble paflion,
Child ot iniegiiiy, hath from my foul
Wip'd the black fcruples, reconcil'd my thoughts
To thy good truth and honour. Shakrfp. Macbeth.
Whoever has examined both parties cannot go far
towards the extremes of cither, without violence to
his iniegriiy or underllanding. Sviifi,

The liaeriioe, inllead of attempting to corrupt
om integrity, will conceal anddifguifehis own vices.

Rogers.

2. Purity ; genuine unadulterate Rate.

Language continued long in its purity and integrity,

lijle.

3. Intirenefs; unbroken; whole.

Take away this transformation, and there is no
chafm, nor can it aS<:A the iniigriiy of the ait>ion.

Sroome.
Inte'gument. «./. [ii/ligtimertlu/rt, intego,
Lat.] Any thing that covers or invelops
another.

He could n» more live without his frize coat than
without his tkin : it is not indeed fo properly his coat,
as what the anatomifls call one of the integuments of
the body. Addifon.

rNTEi>LECT. n.f. [intellea, Fr. sfitel.
leans, Lat.] The inttiligent mind; the
power of underftanding.

All heart they live, all head, all eye, all ear.
All intelleB, all fenf?. Milim.

All thofe arts, rarities, and inventions, which vul-
gar m'ruds gaze at, and tiie ingernous purfue, are but
the reliques of an inteileB defaced with iin and time.

Sottih.

iNTFLLE'cTiON n.f, \JnleUe{lh>i ^ Fr. in-

ttlleaio, Lat.] The act of underftanding.

Simple apprehcniion denotes the foul's naked/'//e/-

leBion of an objedl, without either compolui^r. of

deduction, GlanviUe's Hce^Jis,

They will fay 'tis not the bulk or fubltance ot the

animal I'pirit, but its motion and agility, that pro-

duce:^ intcittSiion and fenfc. Biniiey's Sermtns.

Intelle'ctive. adj. \intel eciif, Fr. from

intellecl.] Having power to underlland.

If a man as inielleiiiiie be created, then eiilier he
means ihc whole man, or only that by vvhich he is
intellccii i'e. Gianv.

Intellectual, adj. \inteUe8Hel, French ;
intelleaualis, low Latin.]

1. Relating to the undcrftanding; belong-
ing to the mind ; traufacled by the un-
derllanding.

Religion teaches us to prefent to God our bodies
as well as our fouls : if the body ("erves the foul in
aftions natural and civil, and intelleliual, it mult not
be eafed m the only offices of religion. Taylor.

2. Mental ; comprifing the faculty of un-
dcrftanding ; belonging to the mind.

lx>gick is to teach us the right ufe pf our rcafon,
or /a/f//ffl».j/ powers. Halts,

3. Ide.nl; perceived by the intelled, not
the fcnfes.

In a dark v'iCion's Intelleniea! Cceae^
Beneath a bow'r for forrow made.
The melancholy Cowley lay. Cowley,

A train of phantoms in wild order rofc.
And, join'd, this intelledual fcene compofe. Pope,

4. Having the power of undcrftanding.

Anaxagoras and Plato term the Maker of the
world an intelUCIiial worker. Hooker,

Who would lofe.
Though full of pain, this intel/e!fual ht'mg,
Thofe thoughts that wander through eternity,
To perilh rather, fwallow'd up and loft,
Tn the wide womb of uncreated night.
Devoid of fenfe and motion ? ATlllon,

5. Propofed as the object not of the fenfes
but intelleft : as, Cudivorih names his
book the intelUaual fyftem of the uni-
verfe.

Intel.

I N T

Intelle'ctual. n. f. Intellefl; unJcr-
ftanding ; mental powers or faculties.
This is little in ufe.

Her hufband not nigh,
Whofe higher intclUEIuJ more 1 (hun. Milion.

The fancies of moft, like the index of a clock, are
moved bat by the inward fpringsof the corporeal ma-
chine, which, even on the moft I'ublimed ivte Ueiual,
' i& dangeroufly influential. GlamiilU's Serf.

I have not confulied the repute of my inirlleBualt,
in bringing their weakaeffes into fuchdifcerning pre-
fences. GlanvilU.

In te'l LICENCE. 1 7t./.[iale!ligeNce, Fr.
Inte'i.licency. J inir/ligentia, Litin.]

1. Commerce of information ; notice; mu-
tual communication ; account of things
dlftant or fecret.

It was perceived there had not been in the catho-
licksfomuch forclight as to provide that true inteili-
gence might pal's between them of what was done.

Ho&kcr.

A mankind KJtch ! hence with her, out of door !
A moft inteUigtncy bawd I Hbakefpeare.

He furailhed ins employed men liberally with
money, to draw on and reward }nuil'^enctt\ giving
them alfo in charge to adverlife couiinually what
they found. JUcon't Hertry'^H.

The advertifements of nei^hbjjr princes are al-
ways to be regarded, for that they receive iittrlligetct
from better authors than pcrfous of inferior note.

iiayivard.
Let all the pairages
Be well fccur'd, thitt nainuU'gence
May pafs between the prince and them. Denhctm.
Thofe tales had been fung to lull children adeep,
before ever Berolus fet up his imtllignct office at
t-'oos. _ HemUy.

2. Commerce of acquaintance; terms on
which men live one with another.

Factious followers are worfe to be liked, which
follow not upon atfeflion to him with whom they
range themfelves; whereupon commonly enfueth that
ill imte/tignce that we fee between great petfonages.

He lived rather in a fair inteUigence, than any
frienJIhip wi(h the iavonrites. Clarendon.

3. Spirit ; unbodied mind.

How fully haft ihou fatisfied me, pure
Imrlligetice of heav'n, angel ! Milion.

There are divers ranks of created beings imerme-
diate between the gioriujs CoJ and man, as the glo-
riousangels anJ crei'cd inleliigrncrs. Hule.

They hoped to get the favour of the houfes,andby
the favour of the houfes they hoped for that of the
inirWgencii, and by their favour, for that of the Su-
preme God. HiillhigJIeei.

The regularity of motion, vilible in the great va-
liety and cunofiiy ol bodies, is a demonftralion that
the whole rojfs of matter is under the conduct of a
mighty inlelligtace. Colli, r.

Sa;sn appearing like a cherub to Uriel, the Inielli-
gence of the fun, circumvented him even in his own
province. Dryden.

4. Underftanding; ikill.

Heaps of huee woids, up hoarded, hidcouny.
They think to be chief praifc of poetry ;
And thereby wanting due intelligtnee.
Have marr'd the face of goodly poelie. Sbenfer,

lKTtLLiCf'NCt».«./ [from intelligence.^
One who fends or conveys news ■ one
who gives notice of private or diftant
tranfaftions ; one who carries melfages
between parties

His eyes, being hii diligent inirlUgencert, could
carry unto him no other news but difcomloriable.

Sidney.
How deep you were within the books of heav'n .>
To us, th imagiii'd voice of heav'n itlelf •
The very opener ai.d intelligencer
B'lwccn the gr >i ; and lanctities of heav'n
And our dull working,. Sbak.'/f, Henry \V .

U Ihey had inltruflions to ilut purpolc, ihey
nijht be tl.t b;il inutligencer, to the king of the

true lUtc of hit whole kingdom.

Bacf/tt,

I N T

They are the bed fort of Intelligencen ; for they
have a way into the inmoft clofets of princes. Hoiivl.

They have news-gatlierers and intelligencers, who

make them acquainted with the converiation of the

whole kingdom. Sfe&ator.

Inte'lligent. aiij. \in-elligent, Yt. intcl-

ligens, Latin.]

1. Knowing; inftruiSed ; Ikiiful.

It is not only in oulcr of nature for him to govern
that is the more inleiligrnt, as .^rilfotle would have
it; but there is no Uij required for government, cou-
rage to proteO, and above all, honefty. Bacon,

He of times,
InleUigeni, th' harfti hyperborean iCe
Shuns for our equal Winters; wlien our funs
Leave the chill'd foil, he backwards wings his way.

Phillifs.

Trac; out the numerous footfteps of the prefence
and interpofiiionofa moft wife and intelligent ircUi-
tefl thioughout all this rtupendous fabrick. If^oodw.

2. It has 0/ before the thing.

Intiltigeni of hiiom, tliev fet forth
Tlieir airy caravan. ^lilton.

3. Giving information.

Servants, who feem no lefs.
Which are to F»iiice the fpicsand fpeculations
Intelligent of our Hate. Shjltefp. JCing Lear.

Intellige'nti AL. ai/J. [from intelhgeni .]

1. Confiftins of unbodied mind.

Food alike ihofe pure
Intelligential fubftances require.
As doih your rational. Miiton'i Paradife Loft.

2. Intelledual ; exercifmg undcrllanding.

In at his mouth
The devil enier'd ; and his brutal fenfe.
His heart or head poffefling, f.xjn infpir'd
With a(ft intelligential. Milton's Paradife Lifl.

Intelligibi'lity. It./, [from inteiligi-

1. Poffibility tobeundeiftood.

2. 7 he powerof underftandingintelleflion.
Not proper.

The foul's nature confifts in iVf/y/WW/f/v. Glamf

INTE'LLIGIBLE. at{j. [inulligible, Fr. />/-
ulligtiilis, Lat.] 'lo he conceived by the
underflanding ; poflible to Ix; Bnderftood.

We (hall givefaiislaflion to the mind, toftiew it a
fair and intdligiilt aciouni of the deluge. Burmi.
S.,raeihing muft b; left in all iranflations, but the
fenfe will remain, which would otherwife be maim-
ed, when it is fcarce/»re///j/i/f. Drydcn.
Many natural duties relating to God.ourfelves.and
our neighbours, would be extetJing difficult for the
bulk of mankind to find our by reafon ; therefore it
has pleafed Cod to exprefs ihcra in a plain manner,
intelligible to fouli of the loweft capacity. lyjtti.
iNTt'LLlciBLBNESS. tt. /. [from inteiligi-
hle.\ Poflibility to be underftood ; per-
fpicuity.

It is in our ideas, that both ihe'rightnefs of our

knowledge, and the propriety or inieltigitlenefs of our

fpeaking confiltr, Locke.

Inte'lligibly. arl-v. [from intelligible.]

So as to be underltoorl ; clearly ; plainly'.

T he genuine fenfe, intelligibly told.

Shews a iranflaior both difcreet and bold. Rofcommon.

To write of metals and miucrali, inieltigtbly, 1, a

ta(k more difficult than to write of aminals. H'oodtu.

IxTE'MERATfc. ad/. \inle;ieratus, Latin.]

l.'ndefiled ; unpolluted.
I N T E 'm P E R A M E N T , tt. /. [(« and temfera-
t»int.] Badconftitution

Some depend upon the in nnperament of the part
ulcerated, and others upon tii; afHux ol laccijtivc
humours. Hartley.

Inte'mperance. 7 it./, [intemperatice, Fr.
Imte'mperanc'Y. J intemperitntia,\^z\..\
I. Want of temperance; want of mode-
ration : commonly excefs in meat or
drink.

Bound lefs tnlemferaHce
In nature is a tyranny. Shakeff. Mue'tetb.

I N T

Anotjier law of Lycurgus induced to intemtertnci,
and all kinds of incontinency. HAe-will.

Some, as thou faw'ft, by violent ftioke fhall die ;
By fire, flood, famine, by intemperance more
In meats and drinks, which on the earih ihall bring
Difeafes dire, of which a monftrous crew
Before ihee Iball appear; that thou miy'll know
What mil'ery th' inabllinence of Eve
Shallbringon men. Milton.

Tlic Lacedemonians trained up their children to
hate drunkeniicfs and intemperance, by bringing a
drunken man into their company. It'aus.,

2, Exceffive addition to any appetite or

afFedion.
INTE'MPERATE. ettij. [intem/erattt, Tt.

intemperntiis, Latin.]

1 . Immoderate in appetite ; exceffive in me.%t
or drink; drunken; gluttonous.

More women Oiould die than men, if the number
of burials anfwered inproportion to that of licknelfes ;
but men being more intemperate ihm women, die as
miJch by reafoii of their vices, as women do bv the
infirmity of iheii fix. Cirani.

Ni)twiih;tanJing all their talk of reafon and phi-
lofophy, and tliofe unanfwerable doubts, which, over
their cups or thcircofi'ce, they pretend to haveagainft
Chriftianiiy ; pcrfuade but the covetous man not to
deify his mouey, the intempeiatenna to abandon his
revels, and I dare utideruke that all their giant-like
objeciions Ihall vanilh. Soulh.

2. Paffionate ; ungovernable ; without rule.

Vou are more intemperate in your blood
Than thole pamper'd animals.
That rage in favage fenfuality. Shahfpeare.

Ul'e not' thy mouth to la/.'m^^ra.'c fwearin^ ; lor
therein IS the word offin. Eccla.iiiw. ij.

3. Exceffive; exceeding the juftorconie-
nient mean : as, an intemperate climate ;
ive l?g--ve intemperate 'weather.

Inte'mperately. ad'v. [from intempe-
rate.]

1. With breach of the laws of temperance.

How grofsly do many of us coniradid the plain
precepts ol the Gofpel, by living inlemperaiely or
unjultly. lilloljon.

2. Immoderately; exceffively.

Do not too many believe no religion to be pure,
but what is intemperattly rigid? Whereas no reli-
gion is true, that is not peaceable as well as pure.

Spratt.
Intemperateness. »./. [from intempe-
rate. J

1. Want of moderation.

2. Unfeafonablencfs of weather. Alnfiu,
Inte'mperature. n.J. [from inlet/iperate.J

Excefs of fome quality.
Intenabi.e. adj. [in and tenable] In-

defenfible ; as, an intenable opinion ; an

intenableyir/r^.
To IN'IK'ND. v. n. [intenJo, Latin.]

1 . To ftretch out. Obfolete.

The fame advancing high above his head,
Wuh Iharp intended Vi>n% fo rude him fmotc.
That to the earth him diove, as ftricken dead ;
Nc living wijlit would have him life bcliot. Fairy ^.

2. "^I'o enforce ; to make intenfc; to ftrain.

What feems to be the ground ol the all'ertion, it
the magnified quality ol this liar, conceived to caufe
or in/indthe heal of this feafon, we find that wifer
antiquity was not of this opinion. Broivn.

By ihii the lungs are intended or remitted. Hale.

This vis iiieniie is effentia! to matter, becaulc it
neither can be ";/«</'./ or remitted i.i ilic lame body ;
but is always proportional lo the quantin of matter.

Cheyne.

Magoetifin may be intended and remitted, and
is found only m the magnet and in iron. Ncu'i-n,

3. To regard; to attend ; to take care of.

This they Piould carefully intend, and not when

the lacrameiit is adminiifercl, iniaj;ine themli:lvcs

called only to walk Uf and down in a while and

Ihining garment. Hxker,

6 <ijl Having

1 N T

Hiving nochildren, (he did with fingulM eai* and
ttnitratUinlirtJ the education of Philip. Baron.

The king prayed them to have patience 'till a lit-
tic fmoak, that waa raifed in his cnuniry, was over :
Ibjliting, as his manner was, that openly, which
nevcrthtkfs he irKtndcd ("erioully. banii,

j^. To pay regard or attention to. This
fenfe is now little uftxl.

They could not intend to the recovery of thai
country of the north. Sfcnfrr.

Neither was there any who mi;ht (hare in the go-
vernment, while the king huenjej his pleafure.

Baecn'a Henry VII.

The earl was a very acute and found (peaker,
when he would inifnd it. If-'elion.

Co therefore, mighty pow'rs ! hitenJ at home,
While here (hall be our home, what bed may eafe
The prefent mifery. Mii.m't Paradlfe hefl.

Their beauty they, and we our loves lufpcnd ;
iNouaht can our wilhu, fave ihy healtli inund.

IValltr.

c. To mean ; to defign.

• The opinion (lie had of his wifdom was fuch, as
made her efteem greatly of his words: but that the
vorJs ihemfelves founded fo, as (he could not ima-
gine what they Intended, Sidney.

The gods would not have delivered a foul into the
body, which haih arms and legs, only inftrumenis
of doing, but that it weie intended the mind ihould
employ them. Sidney.

Thou art fworn
■As deeply to affcfl what we intend.
As clofcly 10 conceal what we impart. Shak.fpeare.

According to this model Horace writ his oucs and
epods; for his latires aod epiftles, being intended
wliolly for inlhuftion required anotherftyle. Dryden.

iNTt'JiDANT. ti.f. [French.] An officer
of the higheft clafs, who overfees any
particular allotment of the piiblick bu-
linefs.

Nearchus, who commanded Alexander's fleet, and
Onelicraies, his inlenddnt geneialof marine, have
both left relationsof the Indies. Aituil^not.

Ikte'ndIment. ». /. [entendemenl , Fr.]
' Attention; patient hearing ; accurate exa-
mination. '1 his word is only to be found
in Spettfir.

Be nought hereat difmay'd,
'Till well ye wot, by grave inteniiment
What woman, and wheiefore doth we upbraid.

Spenjer,

Iste'ndment. ». /. \enUH(kment, Fr.]
Intention ; defign.

Out of my love to you, 1 came hitherto acquaint

you withal i that either you might ftay him from his

inteniimeat, si brook fuch difgface well as lie (hall

run into. Shakffpeare.

» All that worfhip for fear, profit, or lome other

by-end, fall more or lefa within tlie intendment of

this emblem. VHJlr^m^e

Tfl Inte'nerate. I.', fl. {in ina teller, Lat.]

To make tender j to foften.

Autumn vigour gives,
• E(|ua!, intenrrjiing, milky grain. Pbll/ifs.

InteneRa'tION. tt. j. [from inteneratr.]

The aft of foftening or making tender.

In living crealures the nobleft ufe of nouridiment
it for the prolongation ef lil'e, rcftoraiion of fome
degite of youth, and intentralion of the parts.

Bacon.

Intenibi-E. adj. [in and teuible.'] Ihat
cannot hold. Not in ufe.
I know 1 love in vain, ftrive a^ainft hope :
.. Yet in ihis caplious and intenibi((K\*,

I ftill pour in the waters of my love. Shakeff.

INTE'NbE. aJj. Untin/iis, Lat.]
I. .Raifed to a high degree; ftrained;
forced ; not flight ; not lax.

To obfcrve Ihe tUcfls of a diftillation, profecutcd
with fo intcnfe and unufual degree of heat, we ven-
tured to come near. Btiyle.

Sublime or low, unbended or intenfe.
The found k ftiU a tomroent to Uie fenfe. Ro/am.

\ N T

J. Vehement ; -Ardent.

Hcbraifms warm and animate our language, and
convey our ihoughis in more ardent and intenfe
phrafes. AddiJ^n.

j. Kept on the ftretch ; anxioufly attentive.

But indifpatity
The one inten/c ; the oiher ftill rcinifi.
Cannot well luit with either, but foon prove
Tedious alike. Hilton's Paradife Loft-

Inte'nsely. adnj. [from intaiji.} To a
great degree; not flight!- : not remifsly.

If an Englilliman confiders our world, how in.
ttnjely it is healed, he cannot fuppofe that it will
cool "again. Addifr.n.

Inte'nseness. n.f. [from »*/?»/(' ] The
ftate of being enforced in a high degree ;
force ; contrariety to laxity or remiflion.

The wat:r of fprings and rivers, that fuftains a di-
minution from the heat above, being evaporated
mire or lefs, in proportion to the greater or leffer
inlciiftntjs of heat. (f'tiodward.

Inte'nsion. n. /. \JtitcnJion, Fr. iuUnfio,
Lat.] The aft of forcing or draining
any thing; contrariety to remiflion or re-
laxation.

Sounds will be carried further with the wind than

againft die wind; and iikewife to rife and fall with

the intenjion or remiflion of the wind. Bacon.

Faith differs from hope in the extenfion of its

objcO, and in the intenjim of degree. Taylor.

Int'ensive. adj. [from ;>;/«{/<>.]

1. Stretched or increafed with refpeft to

itfelf ; that which may admit encreafe of

degree.

As his pcrfeflion is infinitely greater than the per-
feflion of a man, fo it is inliniiely greater than the
perfection of an angel j and were it not infinitely
greater than the perf'ertion of an angel, it could not
be mlinitelygreatcrthan ihe pifleitinn of a man, bc-
caufe (he intrnfive diftance between the periettion of
an angel and of a man is but lini;e. Hjie.

z. Intent; unremitted.

Tired with that afTiduous attendance and inlenjivr
ciicumfpcrtion, which a long fortune did require,
he was not unwilling to bcilovv upon another fome
put of the pains. IVoiun.

Inte'nsively. adv. By encreafe of degree.

God and the goad angels are more free than we
are, that is, inienjively in the degree of iricdom j
■but not extenfivelym ihe htitude of the object, ac-
cording to a liberty of exercife, but not of fpeciiica-
tion. EramhjU againfi Hobbei.

Intent. (7.-//. [/«/c«/w, Lat.]

1. Anxioufly diligent; fixed with clofe
application: formerly «iih /o. _ «.

' Diftradlions in England made moft m<n intent to
their own fafety. _ King Charles.

2. Commonly with on.

When we ufe but thofe means which God hath
laid before us, it is a good fign that we are rather
intent upon God's glory than our own convenience.

Taylor .

The general himfclf had been more intent upon
Ills command. Clarendon,

They on their mirth and dance
Intent. Miilm.

Of a£lion eager, and intent on thought.
The chiefs your honourable danger fought. Drydrn.

Were men i% intent ufan this as on things of lower
concernment, there are none fo enilavcd to ihe ne-
ceflities of life, who might not find many vacancies
that might be hulbanded to this advantage of their
knowledge. Locke.

Whilft ihey ate intent on one particular part of
their theme, they bend all llieir thoughts to prove
or difprove fome propofition thai relates to that part
witlioul attention to the c«nfeijuen«es that may affeft
another. Hjatts.

Bi intent and felicitous to take up the meaning of
the fpeakcr. "^■"»-

Int'ent. «./. [from intend.]
I. A defign; a purpofej a drift; a view
formed; meaning.

I NT

Although the Scripture of God be dared with iii-
finite variety of matter in all kinds, although it
abound wiih all forts of laws, yet the principal /»-
/M/ of Scripture is to deliver the laws of duties fu-
pematural. Hooker.

Whereas commandment was given to deftroy aU
places where ibe Canaanites had ferved llie gods,
this precept had reference unio a fpecial intent and
purpofe, which was, that there (hould be but uue
place whereuuto tlie people might bring ofTcrings.

H'^oirr.

Thofe that accufe him in his intent towards our
wives, are a yoke of his difcarJrd men. Sbakefp,

I'll urge his hatred more (o CUrence ;
And, if I fail not in my deep intent,
Clarence hnih not another day to live. Shakeff/are,

This fury, fit for hit intent (he chafe i
One who delights in wars. Dryden's Mv.

The Athenians fent iheir fleet to Sicily, upou
pretence only to alTift the I.contmes ; but with an
intent to make themfelves mailers of that illand.

Grew,

Of darknefs vifible fo much he lent.
As half to lliew , half veil the deep intent. Duncijd.

2. To all intents. In all fenfes, whatever
be meant ordefigued.

1 here is an iucurable Ulndncfs caufed by a re-

folution not to fee ; and, /• all intents and purpofes,

he that will not ojen- his eyes is for ilte prefent as

blind as he that cannot. Sotilh.

He was miferabic to all intents and purpofes.

L'EJlrange.
Inte'ntion. ». /. [tntenticn, Fr. tnientio,
Latin.]

1. Eagernefs of defire ; clofenefs of atten-
tion ; deep thought ; vehemence or ardour
of mind.

Intinii'jn is when the mind with great earneflneff,
and ot choice, fixes us view on any idea, confiders it
on every fide, and will not be called ofifby the orJi-
dinary lolicitalion ot other ideas, LccKc

Eficflual prayer is joined with a vehement inten-
tion oflhc inferior powers of the foul, which cannot
therein long continue without pain : it hath been
cherctore thought good, by turns, to interpofe ftill
fome\%hat for the higher piit of the mind and the
underftanding to work upon. Hooker.

She did ccurfe o'er my exteriors with fuch a greedy
intention, tlint the appetite of her eye did feem to
fcorch me up like a burning-glafs. Sheikcfp.

In perfons poffelTed with oihcr notions of religion,
the underftanding cannot quit thefe but by great exa-
mination i which cannot be done without fome la-
bour and intention of the mind, and the thoughts
dwelling a confiderable time upon the fuivey and dif-
cuflion o! each particular. South.

2. Defign ; purpofe.

1 wilh others the fame in.'estion and greater fuc-
c«ires. T.mfle.

Moft part of chronical diftempers proceed trom
laxity of the fibies ; in which cale the principal in-
tention is to leftore the tone of the folid paits.

Arhntbnot on Aliments.

3. The ftate of being intenfe or ftrained.
This for diftinftion is more generally
and more conveniently written intenjion.

The operations of agents admit of intention and
remiffion ; but cdences are not capable of fuch va-
riation. , L^cke.
iNTk'NTlONAL. Oi^'. [intentioKel Fr. from
intention.'] Deligned ; done by defign.

The glory of God is the cud which every intelli-
gent being is bound to confult, by a direil and hi-
tentionat fervice. K^grrs

iNTE'KTIONALt.-V. adnj. [Uovu inte>ttiivtil.\

1 . By defign ;, with fixed choice.

1 find in myfelf that this inward principle doth
exert many c. its actions ;«/ir».'fMmV)iaudpurpolelv.

Hale,

2. In will, if not in aftion.

Whenever I am wift.ing to write 10 you, I (hall
conclude you arc intentionally doing (o to me.

Alietbiiry to Pope.

iNTE'riTiVE. adj. [from intent.] Dili-
gentiy applied ; bufily attentive.

I N T

Wlier* the objefl is fine and accurjte, it con-
duceth much to the finfe inteniive and ereiil.

Bacon' t NuturiU Hifi'jry

The naked relation, at leaft the iaitifivt coiili-

deratiori nf iha', is able '.11, and at this difadvan-

tage of time, to rend the hearts of pious contem-

plators. Broom's yul^cir Errcurs.

Inte'ntively. ad'v. [frora inleun've.]

With application ; clofely.
Inte'ntlv. t7iiv. [from iatetttJ] With
clofe attention ; with clofe application ;
with eager defire.

If wc infirt paffionately or fo intently on the truth
of our beliefs, as not to proceed to as vigorous pur-
fuit of alljuft, fober, and godly living. liatmnond.

The odd paintings of an lodiaa fcieen may pleafe
a rmlc; but when )ou fix your eye Intently upon
tLeo), they appear fo difproportioned that they give a
judicious eye pain. Attnlury,

The China medal feats him with a volume open,
and reading intently, Popr.

Inte'ntnlss. n. f. [from inUnt.^ The
ftate of being intent; anxious applica-
tion.

He is more difeDgageJ from his ittlmtnefs on
aflTairs. Sivi/t>

ydNTE'R -v. a. [etiferrer.Yt.]

1. To cover under ground ; to bury.

Within their chiefeil temple I'll ereft
A tomb, wherein his corps Ifi^il be interr^J, SL\ik.

The evil that men do lives after them ;
The }jd ii oft >«/ri /f</ with their bones. Shahff,

Hi» body ihdil be royally interred^
And the lalt funeral pomps adorn his herfe. D'yden.

The aOies, in an old record of the covenant, arc
faid to have been inter t ed between the very \vall and
the altar where they were taken up. Addijiii.

2. To cover with earth.
The beft wjy is to intir them as you furrow peafe.

MoTt.

Ikte'hcai.ar. allj. \[hitercalmre ,Yt, in-

I.nte'rcalary. ] ienalaris.Lau] In-

fcrted out of the common order to pre
ferve the equation of time, as the twenty-
ninth of February in a leap year is an
inlercalaiy day.

Te Iste'rcalate. o;. a. [inurca'er, Fr.
intertalo, Lat.J To infert an extraordi-
nary day.

IntERCala'tion. ». /. \inter(alat':ott, Fr.
iniercalatio, Lat.] Infertion of days out
C/f the ordinary reckoning.

In fixty-lhiee years there may be loft almoft eigh-
teen days, omitting the interralati'^n ot o:ic uay
every fourth year, allowed for this quadrant, or fix
fupemumerarics. Brazen.

To IN TERCE'DE. -v. n. [ialtrctder, Fr
• inlenedo, Lat.]

1. To pafs between.

He I jppofeth that a vaft period !nter(rJeJ\>ttviKu
that originaiion and ihe age wherein he lived. Hjle.

Thofe fuperficies rtfieit the grejtell quaniijy of
light, which have the greaieii refrafling power, and
which /»/<•) ffi/f mediums that differ moll in their
refrattivc dcnfilics. Nnvlon.

2. To mediate; to aft between two parties
with a view of reconciling differcikes.
It has njiith if only one part be named,
and btt^vein if both are named.

Then the ifbd (on
Prefenting, i: <-./« began. Mihin.

Norwas ' >auronlyoi.'r piopitialioirto

die for us, ai _ ^ 1, .^.r atonement, but h is ftill

our advocate, continually interceding tvub hii
father in bchalfof all true penitent!. Calamy.

I may reftore myfflf .iiio die good fraces of my
fair crilicks, and your IcrdOiip may intercede tLith
Ihem on my promift o! amei.dmeni. Drydrn.

Ongen denies that any prayer is to be made to
them, although it be only to intercede -wilt Cud f.ji
us, but ODljr the Son of Gud. Stillingfeei.

I N T

Intsrce'der. «./. [from wurcede,'] One

that intercedes ; a mediator.
To INTERCE'PT. i: a. iintercepter, Fr.

iuterceptus, Lat.]

1. To flop and feize in the way..

The better couife ihouid be by piai .ng of gar-
rifons about him, which, uhenfoever hc-lhall look
forth, or be drawn out Ihal! be always ready <'ip'n-
tevcept his going or coming. ii^tnjer,

VH\o intencfis me in my expedition ?

O, ihe that might have intetcipted thee.

By flrangling thee. Shakeffeare'i Richard III.

1 th.",i in London, kccperof the king,
Mufler'd my foldicrs, gaihei 'd flocks of friends,
. March'd towards St. Albans t' intiicefl ihe queen.

Shakejf.

Your intercepted packets
You writ to ihe Pope. Sbatefft. Henry VIII.

It we hope for things which are at too great a dif-
tancc Irom ua, it is polTible that we may be inter-
cepted by death in out progrels towards them.

Addison's Spe£lator,

2. To obftruft ; to cut off; to flop from
being communicated ; to ftop in the pro-
grefs. It is ufed of the thing or perfon
paffing.

Though they cannot anfwer ray -Jiftref ■, '
Yet in fome fort they're better thin the tribunes;
For that they will not intercept my" t»ie. Shakefp.

Behind the hole I faftcned to the paltcboard, wiili
pitch, the blade of a ifiarp knife, to iflercept luine
partof tlic light which palled through tfteliole.

NrtvUn't Optieh.

3. It is ufed of the aft of pafling.

Since death's near, and runs with fo much force.
We muft meet firft and intercept his courfe. Dryd.

4. It is ufed of that to which the pafikge is
direfted.

On barbed ftceds they rode in proud array.
Thick as the college of the bees in May,
When fwarming o'er the dufky fields they fly.
New to tlie flotv'rs, and intercept the flty. Dryden,

The direful woes.
Which vo; aging frjm Troy the viflors bore,
While ftorms unditlive intercept tlie lliore. Pope.

InterCe'ption. //. /. \interceptic7i, Fr. /«-
terceplio, Lat. from intercepf.'\ Stoppage
in courfe; hindrance; obltruftion.

The pillars, (landing at a competent diftance from
the outmoft wall, will, ^ /ff.vriy^;;o« of the fight,
fomesvhai in appearancediminilh the breadth.

iVolton'i ArchiteSlme.
The word in Matthew doth not only lignify fuf-
penfion, but alfo fudcication, Arangulalion, or intet.
ception of bicilh, Brotin.

Interce'ssioh. ». /. [interceJion,Yt. in-
tercejfio, tat,] Mediation ; intcrpofition ;
agency between two parties ; agency in
the caufc of another, generally in his fa-
vour, fomeiimes againll him.

Loving, and iherclore conilaiit, he ufed ftill the
inlercfjpcin of diligence and faith, ever hoping be-
caufe he would not put himfelf into that hell to be
hoftelcfl. ~ Sidney.

Can you, when you pufti'd out of your gates the
very defender of them, think to front his revenges
with the p..,.iod intetcej/lon of fuch a dccay'J d tard
as you fccm to be ? Hhakefpeare.

He maketh intercijjion to Cod againft Ifrael.

Rom. xi. 2.

He bare the fin of many, and made intercrffion lor
the tranlg.clTors. Ifa.UW.iz.

Pray not thou for this people, neither make inlcr-
ccjpon tome; tor I will not hear thee. Jer. vii. |5.

To pray to the faints to obtain things by their
merits and iniercr£;cncy is allowed and comcnded for
by the Roman church. StilUngfleel.

Your intercrffkn now is jieedlefs grown j
Retire, and let mc fpeak with her alone, Dryd,

Interc fc'ssouR. ». y; [iitlcrci-JJeur, Fr iti-
itrcejjii, Ls.t.'l Mediator; agfnt between
two parties to procure reconciliation.

I N T

Behold the heav'ns ! thither thin* eyefight bend ;
Thy looks, fighs, tears for intercejfauri fend. Fairf. '

On man's behalf.
Patron or interci^Jfoitr^ none appear'd. Milton,

When we (hall hear oureternal doom fromouri»-
terceffour, it will convince us that a denial 01 Chrift
is more than tranfitory words. South.

To Intercha'in. ■v, a. [inter and chain.]
To chain ; to link together.

Two bofoms interchained with an oath ;
So then two bofoms, and a fiiigle troth. Sh.ikefpeare,
?6JIntercha'nce. -v. a. [inter anichange,\

1. To put each in the place of the other;
to give and take mutually ; to exchange.

They had left but one piece of one fhip, whereon
they kept themfclvcs in all truth, having inlerehanged
their cites, while either cared for other, each com-
forting and ■;ounrelling how to labour for the better,
and to abide the woric, Sidney*

I fiiall interchange
My wained ftate for Henry's regal crown. Sbakefp.

2. To fucceed alternately.

His faithful friend and brother Euarchus came fo
mightily to his fuccour, that, with (omc i/ttei chang-
ing changes of fortune, they begat of a juft war, the
belt child pe.;ce. Sidney.

Intercha'nge. «./. [from the verb.]

1. Commerce; permutation of commodi-
ties.

Thofe have an interchtingf or trade with Klana.

Hchuel.

2. Alternate fucceffion.

With whatdelight could I have walk 'd thee round!
If 1 could joy in ought ! fweet interchange
Of hill and valley, rivers, woods, and plains. Milt..

The original meafures of time, by help of the
lights in the firmament, are perceptible to us by the
iiitcrchanges of light and darknefs, and fucceffion of
feafons. Holder,

Removes and interchatiget would often happen in
the firft ages aTter the flood. Burnet's Tbcary,

3. Mutual donation and reception.

Let Diomedes bear him.
And bring us Creflid hither. Good Diomede, '
Furnilh you fairly for this interchange. Shai,

Farewelj iheleifure, and the learlul time.
Cuts ofrtheccrenionious vows of love,
.^iid ample interchange o! fweet difcourfe. Shakefp.

Since their more mature dignities made fcparaiion
of their fociety, their encounters, though not pet-
fonal, have been royally attornied with interchange
of gifts., Shatejpeaie,

After fo vaft an obligation, owned by fo tree au

acknowledgment, could any thing be expcfled but a

continual interchange of kindnelfes ? Sot,:h,

Intercha'nceable. adj. [fiom i?ilei-

chemgf.]

1. Given and taken mutually...

So many teftimonics, interchiingraile wananfj,
and couiitetrolments, running through ilic hands and
rcrting in the power of fo many feveral pcilons, is
fufficient to argue and convince all manner of falfe-
hood. Bacon's Off. of Alienation,

2. Following each other in alternate fuc-
ceffion.

Juft under the line they may fcem to have two
Winters and two Summers; but there alfo they have
four interchangeable feafons, which is enough where-
by to meafure. Holder,
All along the hiftory of the Old Teftamcnt we
find tiic interchangeable providences of Cod, towards
the people of Ifrael, always fuitcd to their mannere.

Tillotf.in.
Intercha'ngeably. adi', [from inter-
chatigeable.] Alternately ; in a manner
whereby each gives and receives.
In thefe two things the Eart and Well churches
,did inierchiingeably both confront the Jews and con-
cut with them. Hooker.

This in myfclf I bo'dly will defend,
And interchangeably hurl down my gage
Upon this overweening traitor's foot. Sbakefpeart.
Thcfe articles were figncd by our plenipotentia-
ries, and tbofc of Holland; but nut b.y the French,

aUhough

I N T

although it ought to hive been done imercbangtaH^ ;
and the minilVers here prevailed on the queen to
execute a ratifieai ion of articles, which only one part
had fign:d. Stvi/i.

Intercha'ncement. k. / [inter and
chauge.] Exchange ; mutual transference.

A contra^ and eternal bond of love.
Confirm 'd by mutual joinder of your hands,
Attefted by the holy clofe of lips,
Siteugthen'J by inifrchjxgfment of your rings.

Shiikffpfart.

Interci'pient. aJJ. [inlercipian, Lat.]
Obftru(fting ; catching by the way.

Interci'pient. ». /. [mUrcipietts, Lat.]
An intercepting power ; fomething that
caufes a ftoppage.

They commend repellents, but not with much
aftringencv, unlefs as inli'cifiems upon the parts
above, left the matter Ihould thereby be impafted in
the part. IViJfman

Inter ci'sioN. n.f. [inter &nA c<edo, Lat. J
Interruption.

By ceffation of oracles we may underftand their
itttercifim, not abfciffion, or confummate defolation.

Bvnvn.

To Interlcu'de. T. ». [intercJuio, Lat.]
To Ihut from a place or courfe by fome-
thing intervening ; to intercept.

The voice is fomeiimes iitercluJed by a hoarfe-
ncfs, or vifcous phlegm cleaving to the afpcra ar-
leria. Holder

Interch;'sion. ». /. [hiterdufm, Lat.]

Obftruftion ; interception.
Intercolumnia'tion. n. f. [inter and

columna, Lat.J The fpace between the

pillars.

The diftance or intercolumniathn may be near
four of his own diameter, becaufe the materials
commonly laid over this pillar were rather oi wood
than Hone. mtton.

To Interco'mmon. 'V. n. [inter aai cont-
mon.] To feed at the fame table.

Wine is to be forborn in confumptions, for that
the fpirits ol the wine do prey upon the rofcid juice
of the body* and ifttercontmoa with the fpiiits of
the body, and fo rob them ot their nourilhment

Bacon' t Nalki al Hijtay.
InteRCOMMu'nITY. ». /. [inter iTid. com-
munity.^

1. A mutual communication or community.

2. A mutual freedom or exercife of reli-
gion.

InTERCo'sTAL. adj. [interrojial, Fr. inter
and cojia, Lat.] I'laced between the ribs.

The diaphijgm leems the principal inllrumcnt ol
ordinary rcfpiratiou, although to reliraincd refpira-
tion the intercoflal mulcles may concur. fioyle.

By the alTiltanceof the upward inteicoflal mufcles,
in deep fulpirations, »c take large gulps ol air.

More.

1'ntercourse. »./. [entrtcours,Yx,'\

1. Commerce ; exchange.

This fwect inicrceurfe
Of looks, and fn.ilts ; for Imiles from reafon flow.
To brute dcnv'd, and are of love the food. Mill(.a.

2. Communication : followed by ivith.

The choice of the pbcc leq'iiteth many ciiiim-

Aances, as the liiuation near ihe fea, for thecommo-

dinufnefs of an imercvurfi ■u.ilh England. ikicn.

What an hcnoui is it that CJod thould adaiit us

into fuch a participation of hirofelf ! That he Ihould

Jive us minds capable of luch an iniertiMrfe iviib

the Siipicme Mind ! Aimiury.

In r KRCU rrence. «. /. [from iutercuno,

Lat.] Paffligc lietween.

Confider uhat fluidity fallpctre it capable cf,
without the i/itrrcituenet i)i t liquor. Boyit.

Inter cuRR esjt. irdj. [intercurrtm, Lat.J
Running between.

If Into a pliial, hlled with {ood fpirit of nitre,
}uu caft a piece ol iron, the liquor, whufe parts

I N T

moved placidly before, meeting with particles in tlie
iron, altering the motion of its parts, and perhaps
that of fome very fubtle hitetcwirnt matter, thofe
aflive parts prefeuily begin to penetrate, and I'catter
abroad particles of the iron. Boyle,

Intkrde'al. ff./ [inter anA decl.^ Traf-
fick ; intercourfe. Obfolete.

The Gaulilh fpecch is the «ry Britiffa, which is
yet retained of the Wellhmen and Britons of France;
though the alteration of the trading and inlerdeal
with other nations has greatly altered the dialcO.

Stenfet .

To INTERDl'CT. f, a. [interdire, Fr. /«-
terdico, Lat.J

1 . To Ibrbid ; to prohibit.

Alone I pafs'd, through ways
That brought me on a tudden to the tree
Of /«;<-ri//c?fiy knowledge. Milinn's Par. Lcjl.

By magick Icnc'd, by fpellstQicompafs'd round,
Ncnnortal touch'd this InterdiSid ground, lickel.

2, To prohibit from the enjoyment of com-
munion with the church.

An Archbiftiop may not only excommunicate and
imerd'iti his luttragans, but his vicar-general may do
the fame. Ayliffe.

Interdi'ct. »,/. [from the verb.]

1. Prohibition; prohibiting decree.

Amongll his other fundamental laws, he did or-
dain the interdi^i and prohibitions touching en-
trance of ftrangcrs. Bacon,

Thofe are not fruits forbidden, no interdi£if
Defends the touching of thefe viands pure ;
Their taftc no knowledge works at Ical't of evil.

Milion.

Had he liv'd to fee her happy change.
He would havecancell'd thathaifli/'/i/oii'/fl.
And join'd our hands himfelf. Dryd, Don. Sthajt.

2. A pnpal prohibition to the clergy to
celebrate the holy offices.

Kanicairitd hiinfelf meritoriouflyagainft the pope,

in the time of the inurdici, which held up his

credit among the patriots. H'ollon.

Interdi'ction. n. J. [inter JiSlion, Fr. in-

lerdiiUo, Lat. from interdict. \

1. Prohibition; forbidding decree.

.Sternly he pronounc'd
The i\g\innJrrdic1iott, which refounds
Yet dreadful in mine ear. Milton's Parad'ife Loft.

2. Curfe: from the papal interdicl. An im-
proper ufe of tlie word.

1 tic trucit ilTiie of thy throne.
By his own interdi^ion Itands accurft. Shake/ft.

Intfrdi'ctor Y. adj. [from interdicl.] Be-
longing to an interdiction. Ainj-worth.
r»lNTERE'iS. 1 11. a. [inlen-Jfer, Fr.] '1 o
rolNTf re'st. J concern; to aiTctl; to
give (hare in.

The mvHical communion of all faithful men is
fuch as inaketh every one to be interrfftd in thofe
precious blcliings, which any one ot tlwm receiveth
at Cod's hands. Hmkcr.

Our joy.
Although our laft not Icart ; to whofe young love.
The vines ot France and milk of Burgundy,
Strive to be inierrfs'd. SbjkeJ'f. King Lear.

To love our native country, and to Ifudy its be-
neht and its glory, to be inlerejftd in its conceins,
is natural to ill mtn. Otydrn.

Sctpio, reftoring the Sp.ini(h bride, gained a threat
nation to inttreji thcmlelves for Uotne againl^ tjar-
thage. Dryden,

This was a goddefs who ufed to interrji licrleif in
marriages. Addif'.n i-n IMt.ia/i.

Ill lucceflrs did not difcouragc that ambitious and
intercjled people. Arbuthnot on Coim.

To Int£R e'st. t. «. To affeifl ; to move ;
to touch with paflion ; to gain the af-
feftion^ : as, this is an interejimg ftory.
I'NTLREsr. n. J. [intereji, Lat. interet, Fr.J
I. Concern; adviintage ; good.

O give us a fcrious comprehenfton of that one
great inttreji of others, as well as ourfelves.

Hammond.

I N T

Divifioni hiader Ihe common interefi and publick
good. iemflf.

There is no man but Cod hath put many things
into his polTcirion, to be ufcd for the common good
and iatertjl. Calamj.

2. Influence over others.

They, « ho had hitherto prcferved them, had now
loft their ////fiY/?. Ciaind^n.

Exert, great God, thy ini'rrft in the (ky;
Cain each kind pow'r, each guardian deity,
That, conquet'd by the publick vow.
They bear thedifmal milchief far away. Ptiir.

3. Share; part in any thing; participation :
as, this is a matter in which we have tn-
terrft.

Endeavour to adjuft the degrees of influence, that
each caufe might have in producing the e0e^, and
the proper agency and in'.errjl of each therein, h'at:s,

4. Regard to private profit.

Wherever inttreji or power thinks lit to interfere,
it little imports what principles the oppoliie parties
think tit to charge upon each otht^r. Svjift.

When im'reji calls ofTall her fneaking train. Pofe,

5. Money paid for ufe ; ufury.

Didhe take /(ifcriy??

No, not take intereji \ not, as you would fay,

Direfth , /ff/V*;/^. ^bakef^tare.

It is a fad lite we lead, my dear, to be I'o icazed ;

paying inttreJUm old debts, and ftiU contiaiting new

ones. Arbutbnot,

6. Any furplus of advantage.

With all fpccd
You (hall have your defires with inlereJI. Sb.ii.
To iNTERFt'RE. T. ». [inter and/erio, Lat.J

1. To interpofe; to intermeddle.

So cautious were our ancel^ors in converfation, as
never to interfere with party difputcs in the tlate.

Sviift.

2. To claih ; to oppofe each other.

If each aits by an independent power, their com-
mands may interfrre. Sma/ri,lge'i Sermons.

■^. A horfe is faid to iaterfeii, when the
fide of one of his (hoes ftrikes againft
and hurts one of his fetlocks ; or the hit-
ting one leg ngainft another, and ftriking
ofFthe Ikin. Farrier's Di^.

Inte'h FLUENT, odj. [intirfiuens, ^tin.J
Flowing between.

Air may conlilt of any terrene or aqueous cor-
pufcles, kept fwimming in the ixterjluent celcftial
m.ii ter. Boyit.

Interfu'. GFNT. adj. [inter iwA fulgent,
Lat.J Shining between.

Interfu 's ED. adj. iuierfnftis, Lat.J Pour-
ed or fcattered between.

The ambient air wide inierfui'd.
Embracing round this florid earth. Mitton,

Inter) a'cency. n. J\ [from iuierjactus,
Lat.]

1. The aft or (late of lying between.

England and Scotland is divided only by the /»-
terjacency of the Tweed and (orae defert ground.

HJe.

2. The thing lying between.

Its flu^uations are birt motions, which wintls,
florms, llioars, and every inlcrjacemy irregulatcs.

Brtnvn.

Interja'cknt. adj. [inerjacem, Latin. J
Intervening; lying between.

The lea itlelf muft be very broad, and void of
little illands inltrjucent, elfe will it yield plentiful
ai^umciit 01 quarrel to the kingdoms which it litrveth.

Raleigb.

Through this hole, objeCls that were beyond might
be fcen dittindly, which would not at all be frcn
thrC'Ugh other parKOI the glaifcs, where the air was
interjacent. Aft*//9»'j Ojtticks,

In ierjec'tion. ». /. [interjejlion, Fr. in-
terjcdio, Lat.J

I . A part of fpeech that difcovers the mind

to

I N T

to be relzed or afftfted with fome pafflon :
fuch as are in Engliih, O / alas! ah!

Clarke's Lat, Gram,

Their wild natural ■otes, when ihey would cc.

prefs their jiaiBan?, are at the bell but like natural

hlerjtSihus, to liifcover iheir paifions or imprelTions.

Hale^s Origin r>( Mankind.

2. Intervention; interpoiition ; actoffome-
thing coming between ; aft of putting
fomething between.

Laughing caufeth a continual expullion of the

breath, with the loud noife which maketh the /V-

/^^t-fl/off of laughing, BacQ».

r.NTERiNf. n. /. [interim, Latin.] Mean

time; intervening time.

I a heavy interim rtjall fujjport.

By his dear abfeoce. Shukrfpeare'i OihiHo.

One bird happened to be a foraging lor her you;ig

W ones, and in this intrritn comes a torrent that waihcs

away nell, birds, and all. L'EJiratigt.

lo ibis inttrim my women alkcd what I thought.

la'itr.
To Interjo'i n. -v. a. [inter anAjoiri.] To
join mutually ; to intermarry.

So fellell foes,
Whofe pafTions and whofc plots have broke their

Deep,
To take tlie one the other, by fome chance,
Some tikk not worth an egg, ihall^row dear friends.
And interjiiin their ilTues. Sliaitff. CzriJanus.

. Inte'rioub. a.ij. [iiiteri'.r, Lat. iituricur,
Fr.] Internal; inner; not outv.'ard ; not
fuperficjal.

The fooVm')lt:iui)e, that chufe by (how.
Not learning m^jre than the fond eye doth leach,
Wli:ch pry n-it to ih* i^teriour. HbakeJ^traie.

The grolfer parts, thus funk down, wojid harden,
and conllitute the iMiitimr parts of the earth.

Burnt t.
Interkno'w LEDGE, n. f. {ii/ter and iiicnv-
ledge.^ Mutual knowledge.

All nations have interinnilejge one of another,
either by voyage into loieign parts, or by ftrangers
that come to them. Baciit.

To Lnterla'cf.. f. a. {interlijp/r, Kr.]
To intermix; to put one thing within
another.

Some are to be inlrrlacej between the divine
readings of the law and prophets. Hi',ker.

The ambaHadors interlaced, in their conlcrence,
the purpofe of ibeii matter to match with the daugh-
ter of Maximilian. Bacon.

They ackr.owledged what fervices he had done
for the commonwealth, yet interlacing fome errors,
wherewith theyfeemcd to reproach him. H.iyicard.

Yuur aijument is as ftrong againll the ufe of

rliyme in poems as in plays ; for the epick way is

every where interlaced W\\\i dialogue. Drjden.

Interla'fse. n.f. {inter saA iaffe.] Jhe

flow of time between any two events.

Thefe diegs are calcined into fuch falii, which,
after a ihort inteilaffe of time, produce coughs.

tiarvey,

7a Inter la'rd. 'v. a. [interlarJer, Kr.J

1. To mix meat with bacon, or fat; to
diverfify lean with fat.

2. To interpofe ; to infert between.

Jelts ftiould be initrlarded, after the Peifian
ciitlom, by ages young and old. ' Caietv.

3. To diverfify by mixture.

The laws of Normandy were the defloration of
the Englifti laws, and a iranfcript of them, ihoueh
mingled and interlarded with many particular laws
of their own, which altered the features of the on-
B'nal. Hale' I La-u I ^f England.

4. Phi'ipt has ufed this, word wery harlhlyj
and probably did not undcrftand it.

They imieilard their native drinks with choice
Of ftrongeft brandy. fhilipi.

?» Imterle'ave. 'u. a. [////cr and leame.']
To chequer a book by the infenion of
blank leaves.

I N T

■Ts Inter li'ne. -v. a, [/V/fr and //»(•.]

1. To write in alternate lines.

When, by interlining Latin and Englirti ....
with another, he has got a moderate knowledge of
the Latin tongue, he may then be advanced farther.

2. To correft by fomething written between
the lines.

He cancell'd an old will, and forg'd a new ;
Made wealthy at the Imall expence 01 figiiing,
Wirh a wet feal, and a irell) ir.ter '

Three things render

ing. Drydcn.
writing lufpcfted : the
perlon producing a tallc laftrumcnt, the perfon that
trames it, and the interlining and rafing out of
wo:ds contained in fuchinlhuments. ylylijfe's I'arer.

1 he mufe invok'd, fit down to write.
Blot out, corrcif, and interline. Swi/i,

Interlinea'tion. II. /. [i/t.'er 3nd linea.
tio».] Correction made by writing be-
tween the lines.

Many clergymen write in fo diminutive a man-
ner, with fuch frequent blots and interlimatir.ni,
that they are haidly able to go on without per-
petual helitatians. Sui/t.
To Interli'nk. rv. a. {inter and link.\
To conneft chains one to another; to
join one in another.

The lair mitture in pidlures caufes-us to enter
into ihc fubjtLl which it imitates, and imprints it
the more deeply into our imagination and our me-
mory : thiie are two chains which are inierlinktd,
which contain, and are at the fame tinK contained.

DryJen.

Intsrlocu'tiow. n. /. [interlocution, Fr.

interlorulio, Lat.]
I. pialogiie; interchange of fpeech.

'1 he plainclV and the moll inrelligible rehearfal
of ihe pfalms they favour not, becaufe it is doi;e
by interlocution, and with a mutual return of fen-
tences from fide to lide. Huaker,

z. Preparatory proceeding in law ; an in-
termediate aft before final decifion.

Thefe things are called accidental, becaufe fome
new incident in judicature may emerge upon them,
on which the judge ought to proceed by interhcu-
"■»«• Ayl.ge-sl-a, ergon,

Interlo'cutor. n.f. [inter and lo^uor,
Lat.] Dialogirt; one that talks with
another.

Some morofe readers (hall find fault with my
having made the inttrlocntoii compliment with one
another. £y,/,_

Interlo'cutory, at/j. [interlocutoire , Fr.

-inter anil loquor, Lat. J
I. Confifting of dialogue.

When the minifter by exhortation raifeth them
up, and the people by proteftation of their readinefs
declare he fpeaketh not in vain unlothem; thefe
imerlcctitory forms of fpeech, what are they elfe

'■■■• ' -r-.n -• p,„|y telhhcations, and panly

F'«'> ■' tholttr.

INT

Interlu'chnt. adj. [interlucens, Latin-]

Shining between. Diet.

I'nterlude. n.f. {inter mdlutliis, Lat.]

Something played at the intervals of fefti-

vity ; a farce.

When there is a queen, and ladies of honour at-
tendijTg her, there mull fonietimcs be mal'ques, and
revels, and interludes. Bactm.

The enemies of Socrates hired Ariftophanes to
perfonate him on the (lage, and, by the inlinua-
tions of thole interludes, conveyed a hatred of him
into the people. Co-uernment 1/ the Tongue.

Dreams are but interludes, which fancy makes ;
When monarch reafon fleeps, this inimick wakes.
^ Dryden,

Interlu'ency. w.y; [interho, Lat. ] Wa-
ter interpofited; interpofition of a flood.
Thofe parts of Afia and America, which are
now disjoined by the interluency of tlie fea, might
have been formerly contiguous. Hale.

Interlu'nar. ) adj. [inter and luna,
Interi,u'nary. S Lat.j Belonging to
the time when the moon, about to change,
is invifible.

We add the two Egypti.in days in every month,
the ;/;rci///^ary and pleniUinary exemptions. Broiun.
Th; fun to me is dark,
And filent as the moon.
When fhe deferts the night.
Hid in her vacant intei lunar avt. Milton
Interma'rriage. n.f. [inter znd mar.
riage.] Marriage between two families,
wlierc each takes one and gives one.

Becaufe the alliances and inttrmaniages, among

fo Imall a people, inigiu obitriia jullice, they have

a foreigner forjudge ol St. Marino. Addif.n.

7a iNTtRMA'RRV. -L'. «. [inter and marry.]

To marry fome of each family with the
other.

About the middle of the fourth century, from
the building ol Rome, it was declared lawful for

nobles and plebeians to intermarry.

To Interme'ddle

but moll etTeflual,
inflammations of all 1

There are feveral imerUcufory difcourfes in the

peilons fpeaking are
Fidde:.

holy .Scripiu-es, though the
not alternately mentioned or referred to
z. Preparatory to decilion
To IxTfcRLo'pE. -v. n. [inter and Icop.'n,
Dutch, to run.] To run between par-
ties anil intercept the advantage that one
fhould gain from the other ; to traffick
without a proper licence ; to foreftali ; to
anticipate ^regularly.

The patron 1.1 delired to leave off this interloping
trade, or admit tlv: knights of the indullry to their
(hare. Taller,

I.NTERLo'pER. n. f. {Uoxti interlope.'] One
who runs into buiincfs to which he has
no right.

The [wallow was a fly-citcher, and was no moie
an inlertop,r upon rhe Ipidei's light, than the ipidir
was upon (lie fwallow 'i. LEJIiangt

Sivift,

[inter and med.
die.] To interpofe ofiiciuufly.

The praClice of Spain hath been by war, and
by conditions of treaty, to intermeddle with fo-
reign ll.ites, and declare thcmfelves proteclors ge-
neral of Caihnlicks. Bacon
Seeing the king was a fovcreign prince, the em-
peror fliould not intermeddle with ordering his fub-
jecls, 01 direding the aftairs of his realm.

, Hayii'ard.

There were no ladies, who difpofed themiclves to

inlermeddle in bufinefs. Clarendon.

To Interme'ddle. 'v. a. [entremejler, Fr.J
To intermix ; to mingle. This is per-
haps mifprinted for i/itermelled.

Many other adventures .ire intern, ddied ; as the
love of Britomart, and the 1

irtuouliicfs of Belphaebe,
aftnfer.
Interme'ddler. n. /. [ixom itrterimddte.]
One that interpofes officioufly ; one that
thrufts hinifclf into bufinefs to which he
has no right.

There's hardly a greater pell to government and
families, than officious tale-bearers, and bufy />;/r.
meddlers. L' fji.ang-.

Our all'rs, and our ftock-jobbers, dnca her
m.ijelty not to chaftge her feeretary or treajurer,
who, for the reafons that thefe officious inte, med-
dlers demanded their continuance, ought nevertj
have been admitted into the leall trull. !si,.-:ft

_ Shall (Irangers, faucy iniermeddlcrs fay.
Thus tar, and thus, are you allow 'd to punifli >
, , A. I'hilHf,.

1 N T e R M I'd I ACY.n./. [from intermedinte.]
Interpofition ; intervention. An unau-
thoriied word.

In birds the auditory nerve is affctaed by only
the inlermediaci of the columella. Verham

[inter and me dins,
at.i

Interme'bial. adj.

I N T

Lat.] Interrening ; lying between ; in-
tervciiienr.

The love of God mates a man temperate in the
midft of fcifts, and is aftive enough without any
imtrnttJial iff niv.i. , Taylor.

A gardener frejiarts the ground, ani in all the
Intermedial fpaces he is careful to dxfi it. Evelyn.
lNTERME'DlATE.(7(»y. [intermedial, ^i. inter
and medins, Lat.] Iniervening; inter-
pofed ; holding the middle place or de-
gree between two extremes.

1>3 not the mod refrangible rays excite the (horttft
vibrations for making a fenfalion of a deep violet,
the lead refrangible the largett tor making a fciiii-
tion of deep red, and the fcveral intermediate forts
of rays, vibrations of fcveral in/ermrJiate bigneffis,
to make fcnfations of the feveral inirrmediatc co-
lours? Newton's Oflich.

An animal confifts of folid and fluid parts, uii-
lefs one (hould reckon fome of ao intermediate na-
ture, as fat and phlegm. Arbuihn^i.

Thofe general natures, which (land between the
nearell and moft remote, are called intermediate.

H'atlt.

Inter me'diately. ad-v. [from interme-
diate.l By way of intervention.

yo Interme'll. v. a. \entremejler, Fr.]
To mix ; to mingle. Not ih ufe.

By occafion hereof many other adventures are

Inlermeiled, bnt rather as accidents tlun intend.

ments. %"/"••

Inte'rment. h. /. [interment, es. irom

inter.'\ Burial; fepulchre.
Intermigra'tion. ». /. [intermigration,
Fr. /»/frand migro, Lat.] Aft of removing
from one place to another, fo as that of
two parties removing, each takes the place
of the other.

Men have a ftrange variety in colour, ftature, and

humour ; and all arifing from the climate, though

the continent be but one, as to point of accefs,

mutual intercourfc, andpoflibilityof/wreTOT/grar/D/M.

Halc'l Origin of Mar.ltind.

Inte'rminABLE. adj. [interminable, Fr. in
and termino, Lat.] Immenfe j admitting
no boundary.

As if they would confine th' interminable.
And tie him to his own prefcript. Milton's Agonijles.
InTe'rminaTE. adj. [interminate, Fr. inter-
miiiatus, Lat.] Unbounded; unlimited.

Within a tliicket I repos'd ; when round
I ruffi'd up fall'n leaves in heaps, and found,
Lit fall from heav'n, a deep interminate.

Chafm. Odyff.

IntERMIXa'tION. n.f. [intermination, tr.

jntermina, Lat.] Menace ; threat.

The threats and inlernjnations of the Gofpel,
thofe terrors of the Lord, as go;ui!, may drive thofe
biutilb creatures who will not b^atlrailed.

Decay of Piety.

fo InteRMi'ngI-E. v. a. [itiler-Awii mingle-l
To mingle ; to mix ; to put fome things
amongft others.

The church in her liturgies hath intermingled
with readings out of the New Ttftament, leflbns
taken out of the law and prophets. Hoaier.

His church he comparjth unio a field, where
tares, manifeftly known and feen by all men, do
grow intermingled with good corn. Hooker.

My lord Ihall never rell :
1*11 intermingle every thing he does
With CalTio's fuit. Shakefpeare's Othello.

Here failing Ihips delightthe wand'ring'eycs;
There trees and inlermingUd temples rife. Pope.

To Intermi'ncle. f. n. To be mixed or
incorporated.

Intermi'ssion. «./. [inlermij/ion, Fr. in-
termijjio, Latin.]

I. Ceffation for a time; paufe ; interme-
diate flop.

I N T

Came a reeking poft,
Deliver'd letters, fpight of intemijiioii.
Which prefeiitly they read. Hbakefp. King Lear.

1 count iniermijjion almoft the fame thing as
change \ for that that hath been intermitted, is after
a fort new. Bacon.

The water afcends gently, and by inlermijpons ;
but it falls ccniinuatcly, and with force. Wilkins.

The peafants work on, in the holieft part of the
day, without intermiffion. Locke.

2. intervenient time.

B jt gentle heav'n
Cut (hort all intermijfton : fiont to front,
Bring thou this fiend of Scotland and myfelf. Shake/.

J. State of being intermitted.

Words borrowed of antiquity, have the authority
of years, and out of .their intermi/Jion do win to
themfclves a kind of grace-like newnefs. Ben Jon/on.

4. The fpace between the paroxyfms ot a
fever, or any fits of pain ; reft ; paufe of
forrow.
Reft or intcrmij/ion none I find. Milton.

iNTfRMi'ssiVE. adj. [ from intermit. 1 Com-
ing by fits ; not continual.

1 reduced Ireland, after fo rnnny inlermijivev/in,
to a perfcd palTive obedience, tlmvel' s Eng. Tears.

As though there were any feriaiion in n.iture, cr
juftitiums imaginable in profeflions, whofc fubjecl
is under no intermiffive but eonltant way of mu-
tation, this feafon is commonly termed the phyficians
vacation. Bro-wn's Fa/gar Erruurs.

To INTERMI'T. -v. a. [intermitto, Latin.]
'1 o forbear any thing for a time ; to in-
terrupt.

If nature (hould intermit her courfe, and leave
altogether, though it were but for a-while, the ob-
fcrvation of her own laws. Hooker.

Run to your houfes, fall upon your knees ;
Pray to the gods, to intennit the plague
That needs mull light on this ingratitude. Shakcfp.

His milled, laftivious fon
Edward the Second, intermitted fo
The courfe of glory. Daniel's Civil War.

The ferting on foot fome of thole arts that were
once well known, would be but the reviving of thofe
arts which were long before pracfifed, though ittur'
milled zr\A interrupted by war. H.de.

Certain Indians, when a horfc is running in his
full career, leap down, gather any thing from the
ground, and immediately leap up again, the horfe
not inierniiitinghiscoaTie. IVilkijis.

Speech iniermittedt thus began. Milton.

Wc are tutnilhed with an armour from Heaven,
but if we arc remifs, or perfuaded to lay by our
armSf and intermit our guard, wc may be furpi ifed.

R'.gcrs.

To Intermi't. "j. n. To grow mild be-
tween the fits or paroxyfms. Ufcd of
fevers.

Intermi'ttent. adj. [intermittent, Fr.
intermittens, Latin.] Coming by fits.

Next to thofe durable pains, ftiort intermittent or
fwift recurrent pains do precipitate patients into con-
fumptions. llariey,

ToIi^TERMix. 'v.a.[interanAmix.^ To
mingle ; to join j to put fome things
among others.

Her pcrfuafions flic intermixed with tears, af-
firming, that Ihe would depart Irom him. Hayw.

Reveal
To Adam what (hall come in future days,
As 1 lhall tliee enlighten : inurmix
My cov'nant in the woman's feed ixnew'd. Milton.

In yonder fpring of rofes, intermixed
With myrtle, find what lorcdrcls 'till noon, ATIlr.

I doubt not to pertbrm the part of a jud hifto-
rian to my royal mailer, without intermixing with
it any thing ot the poet. Dr^den.

To Intermi'x, c. «. To be mingled to-
gether.

Intermi'xture. n.f. [inter und mixtura,
Lat.]

1 . Mais formed by mingling bodico,

I N T

The analytical preparations of eolj or mcieury
leave perfoiis much unfatisfied, whether the fub-
ftanccs they produce be truly the hypoflaticil prin-
ciples, or only fome intermixtures of the divided
bodies with thofe employed. Boyle.

2, Something additional mingled in a mafs.
In this height of impiety there wanted not an

intermixture of levity and folly. Bacon's Henry VI.
Intermu'ndane. adj. [inter ani. mundus,

Lat.] Subfifting between worlds, or be-
tween orb and orb.
The vaft diftances between thefe great bodies are

called intermandane (facti i in which though there

may be fame fluid, )et it is fo thin and fubtilc, that

it is as much as nothing. Locie.

ll>TEK\i'uKAL. adj. [inter, mum/it,maruj,

Lat.] Lying between walls. AinjiMrih.
Inmermu'tuai,, arij. [inter and mutual.']

Mutual ; interchanged. Inter before <««•

tual is improper.
A fulcmn oath religioufly they lake,

By inlermuiual vows protefting there.

This never to re\-eal, fior to torfake

So good a caufe. Daniel's Civil ffar.

Inte'rn. adj. [interne, Fr. inttrnus, Lat. J

Inward ; inteftine; not foreign.
The midland towns are moft flourilhing, which

(hews that her riches are intern and domeflick,

Uewel,
INTE'RNAL. adj. [intermit, Lat.]
I. Inward; not externa).

That ye (hall be as gods, fince I as man.
Internal man, is but proportion meet. Milton.

M j felf, my confcicncc, and internal peace. Milt.

Bad conies of letting our hearts upon the (liape,
colour, and external beauty of things, without re-
gard to the internal excellence and virtue of them.

L' EJirange.

If we think moft men's aifliocs to be the in-
terpreters of their thoughts, they have no (uch /«.
ternal veneration of good rules. Lccke.

z. Intrinfick ; not depending on external
accidents; real.

Wc arc to provide things honeft ; to conlider not
only the internal rttXn\iAz of our a<5tions in the light
ol God, but whether they will be Ircpfrom all mark
or ful'picionof evil. Rogers,

Lnte'rn ALLY. adnj. [iiora internal. 1

1. Inwardly.

2. Mentally ; intelleftually.
Wc aie fymbolically in the facrament, and bjr

faith and the (pint of God internally united to
Chrirt. Taylor.

Inter ne'cine. adj. [internccinus , Latin.]
Endeavouring mutual deftruttion.
Th' Egyptians worihip'd dogs, and for
Their faith made internecine war. HnJibras,

Interne'cion. n. J. [internecion, Fr. in-
ternecio, Latin.] Mutual deftruclion ;
m^fl'acre; flaughter.

That natural propenfion of felf-love, and natural

principle of lelf-preferraiion, will neielTarily break out

into warsaiid internecions. Hale's Origin ef Monk.

Internuncio, n. J. [intemuncius, Lat. j

Meflenger between two parties.
InteRPEI, L a'tION. »._/. [inierpellation, Fr.
inter fellatio, Lat.] A fuminons ; a call
upon.

In all cxtraifis judicial onecitalion, monition, or
extrajudicial interpellation it fufficient. Ayliffe.

To INTL'KPOLATE, 'v. a. [tnlerpt^ler , Fr.
ittterpolo, Lat. J

1. To foift any thing into a place to which
it does not belong.

The Athenians were put in poirdTion of Salam'S
by another law, which was cued by Solon, or, as
fame think, ixitrpeilated^y him for that puipolr.

Pope.

2. To renew ; to begin again ; to carry on
with interuiiHions, In thi; fenfe it is not
in ufe.

Thi»

I N T

This motion of the heavenly iaclies tliemftlves
feenis to be partly continued and unintermittcd, as
that motion ot the firit moveable, partly intcrpo-
i^lfj and interrupted. Halt:,

That individual hath rieccflarily a concomitant
fucceflion of iaterfolaird motions ; namely, the
pulfes of the heait, and the fuccellive motions of re-
fpiration. Hate.

Ixterpola'tion. ff. /. [iiitfipdat'cn.Yv.
from interpolate. "[ Something added or put
into the oiiginal matter.

I have changed the fitualion of fomc of the Latin
verfcs, and made fomc irterpoiati&ns.

Cranrvfell to Pope,

IjjteRPOLa'tor. n. /. [Latin; iulerpola-

teur, Fr.] One that foifts in counterfeit

palTages.

You or your interpolator ought to have conGdered.

Swfi.
In'Terpo'sal. It./, [from iaier/io/e.']

1. Interpofition ; agency between two per-
fons.

The itnerpofal of my lord of Canterbury's com-
mand for the publication of this meaa dtfcourfe,
may feem to take away my choice. Soutib.

2. Intervention.

Our overfhadowed fouls may be emblemed by
civfted gliibes, whofc influential em'lTions are inter-
cepted by the interpufal of the benighting clement.
Gtanx'ilU' i Scepjis.
7i INTERPO'.-E. 'V. a. {inter^ono, Lat.
interpofer, Fr.]

1 . To place between ; to make intervenif nt.

Some weeks the king did honourably ititerpofe,
both to give fpace to his brother's intcrceffion, and
to (how that he had a conflicl with himfcll what he
Ihould do. Bacoi.

2. 'lo thruft in as an obftruftion, inter-
ruption, or inconvenience.

What watchful cares do intrrpufe themfelves
Bctwiit your eyes and night ? Shalttfp,

Death ready lUnds to inierpjje his dart. Milicti.

Human frailty will too olten interpofi iifelf a-
nong pcrfons o( the holiell funftion- Stvift.

2' To offer as a fuccour or relief.

The common father of mankind feafonably in-
lerpofeJ his hand, and refcued miferable man out of
the grofs Itupidiiy and rcafiniliry whercinto he was
plunfed. H^oodtvard.

7"!? Interpo'se. v. tt.

1. To mediate ; to aft Ix-tween two parties.

2. To put in by way of interruption.

But, inierp',//! Eleutl.crius, this objeflion may
be made indeed almoll againit any hypotlielis.

BojUt
IxTERPo'sER. »./ \{fotRiiilerpofe.']
I. One that comes between others.

I oill make halle ; but, 'till I come again,
No bed (hall e'er be guiliy of my Itay;
kiu relt be iaierpi/tr 'twixt us twain. Shakefpiare.

3. An intervenient agent ; a mediator.
iNTkRPOsi'noN. r..J. [iiiterpojitioa, Fr. iii-

ierp'filio, Lat from interpofe.\
I. I niervenient agency.

There never was a time when the interpijiiiox
of ih= magiflrjie was more iiecelTary to fecure the
l.onour of religion. Ailirbury.

Though wartlike fuccelTes carry in ijifm oden the
evidences of ■ divine imerp^itioH, jet are ihcy no
fure marks of the divine (avwir. Aiieihury.

z. Mediation ; agency between parties.

The town and abtwy would have come to an open
rupture, had it not been timely prevented by the in.
ter]n,Jii,rjn 01 ilicir common protedlors. jiddiJt.M.

J. Intervention; ftate of being placed be-
tween two.

The nights are fo cold, fre(h, and equal, byreafon
of the intire iniirLi/ition of the earih, ai I know of
so other part of the world of better or e^ual temper.

Sl» (it? on J globe that ftands in water, to de-
mote that (h« is milUeft of a tew world, feparau

I N T

from that which the Romans had before comtuercd
by the imtrprfuion of the fea. Addifon.

4. Any thing interpofed.

A (heller, and a kind of (hading cool
Imerpofitim, as a Summer's cloud. Milton.

To INIE'RPRET. -v. a. [interpreter,
French ; iuterpretor, Lat.] 1 o explain ;
to tranflate; to decipher; to give a folu-
tion to ; to clear by expofuion ; to ex-
pound.

Dne, but painted thus,
Would be interpreted a thing perplex'd
Beyond felf-explication. Shakejp. Cymleline.

You (hould be women.
And jet your bearus forbid me to interpret
That you are fo. Sbakefp. Macbeth.

Ph.iraoh told them his dreams; but there was
none that could interpret them unto him.

Gen. xli. 8.

An excellent fpirit, knowledge, and underftanding,

interpreting of dreams, and (hewing of hard fen-

tences, and dilfolving of doubts, were found in the

fame Daniel. Dan. 1. 11.

Hear his fighs, thou mute I
Uii(kilful with what words to pray, let me
Interpret (or Wm. MUim's Far.idt/e LoJI .

Inte'rpretabi,e. adj. [from interpret.]
Capable of being expounded or deci-
phered.

No man's face is aflionable: thefe fingularities
are inlrrpretalle from more innocent caufes. Collier.
I N T E R p R E T A 't I o N . »./. [inteipretntion, Fr.
interpreiatio, Lat. from interpret. ]

1. The aft of interpreting: explanation.

This is a poor epitome of jour's.
Which, by ih' interpretation of full time.
May (hew like all yourfelf. Sbnt^e/p. Coriolanut.

Look how we can, or fad or merrily,
Interpretathn will mifquoie our looks. Shakejp.

2. Ihe fenfe given by an interpreter j ex-
pofuion.

If it be obfcure or uncertain what they meant,
chanty, I hope, coiiftraincih no man, which (land-
eth doubtful of their minds, to lean to the hardeft
and woilt inteipritation that their words can carry.
._.. Hooker,

the primitive Chriftians knew how the Jews,
who preceded our Saviour, interpreted thefe pre-
dictions, and the marks by which the Meffiah
would be dilcovered ; and how the Jewifh dot^ors,
who fuccf cded him, deviated from the interpretations
oftlieirtoretathers. Addifon.

3. I be power of explaining.

We befeech ihce to profper this great (ign, and to
give us the interpretation and u(c of it iu mercy.
- , Bacon.

INTERPRETATIVE, adj, {{(Otti interpret,]
Coi'leftcd by interpretation.

Though the creed apoftolick were fuflficient, yet
when the church hath erefled th.it additional bul-
. wark agaiiitt hcrctitks, the rejcfling their additions
may juftly be deemed an interpretative fiding wiih
, '•"''•"• Hummond.

INTERPRETATIVELT. ad-v. [from inter-
pretative.] As may be collefted by inter-
pretation.

By this provifion tb< Almighty inlerprelatitely
fpeaks to liim in this manner: I have now placed
thee in a well-funii(hed world. Ray on the Creation
Inte'rpreter. «./. [inierprele, Yt. inter-
pret, Lat.]

I. An explainer; an expoCtor; an ex-
pounder.

W hat we oft do beft,
By lick interpreters, or weak ones, is
Not ours, or not allow'd : what worft, as oft.
Hilling a groHer (juality, is cry'd up
tor our belt aO. Shakefp. Henry VI II.

In the beginning the earth Wds without form
and void ; a fluid, dark, confufed mafs, and fo it
II undcrftood by interpreters, both Hebicw and

We think moft men's adion! to be the inter,
frtters of their thoughts, Locke.

I N T

. A tran-flator.

Nor word for word be careful to transfer,
With ihe fame faith as an interpreter. Skerliirnt,
How fnall any man, who liaih a genius for hiftory,
undertake fuch a work with fpirit, when he con-
liders that in an age or two he (hall hardly »e under,
(tood without an interpreter. Stvift,

Inter pu'nction. «. / [imerpunaion.
Fr. interpungo, Latin.] Pointing between
words or fentences.

INTERRE'GNUM. «./. [Lat.] The time •
in which a throne is vacant between the
death of a prince and acceflion of another.

Next enfu'd a vacancy,
Thoufand Horfe pa(rions then polTcff'd
The interregnum of my breaft :
Blefi me from fuch an anarchy I Covitey,

He would (hew the (]ucen my memorial with the
nrft opportunity, in order to have it done in this /»-
terregnum or fulpenlion of title. Siuift,

Interre'icn. n. f. [i/iterre^ne, Fr. inter._
regnum, Latin.] Vacancy of the throne.

The king knew there could not be anv inierreign

or fufpenfion of title. Bacon's tienry Vfl,

To Inte'rrogate. -v, a. {interrogo, Lat.

interrogcr,Yx.] To examine ; to queftion.

To Interrogate. 1; «. To alk; to put

queftions.

By his inttruaions touching the queen of N.ip!es,
it fecmclh he could interrogate touching beauty.

. Bacon's Henry Vll,

His proof will be retorted by interrogating. Shall

the adulterer and the drunkard inherit the ttingdonj

°f^°i^ Hammond,

Interroga'tion. ft./. {iiiterrogatioH.Yt.

interrogatio, Lat.]
1. The aft of queftioning.
z. A quelHon put ; an enquiry.

How demurely foever fuch men may pretend ti»
fandhty, that interrogation of God pielTes hard upoa
them, .Shall I count them pure with the wicked
balances, and with the bag of deceitful weights?

Government of the Tongue.

This variety is obtained by interrogations 10 things

inanimate ; by beautiful digrelTlons, but thole Ihort.

Pope.

3. A note that marks a queftion; thus?

as. Does Job ferve God for nought ?

Interro'gative. adj. {interrogati/, Fr.

interrogati'vui, Lat.] Denoting a queftion ;

exprefled in a queftionary form of words.

Interro'cative. n. /. A pronoun ufed

in afking queftions : as, who i what ?

which .> whether .'

J .V T e R ro'g a t I V e l y . ad-v. [from interro.

gatite,] In form of a queftion.
Interroca'tor. v.f. [from intemgaff.]

An alkcr of queftions.
Interro'cator-k. »,/. [interrogatoire, Fr.]
A queftion ;..in enquiry.

He with no m^re civility began in captious man-
ner to put interrogaiories unto him. Sidney.

Nor time, nor place.
Will ferve long intirrogatories. Shakefp. Cymbeline.

What earthly name to imerrogatoriei
Can talk the free breath of a facied king > ."ihai.
The examination was fummcd up with one quef-
tion. Whether he was prepared for death? The
boy was (righted out of his wits by the laft dreadful
tmerrcgaiory. Addifon.

Interro'catorv, adj. Containing a
queftion; exprefting a queftion; as, an
interrogatory /f «/«/(■«•.

Tfl I N T e r R u p t. i;. a. {interrompre, Fr. ;«-
terrupttis, Lat.]

I. To hinder the procefs of any thing by-
breaking in upon it.

Rage doth rend
Like Interrupted waters, and o'eibear
What they ate ufed lo bear. Sbakefp,

I N T

He might fecurely enough have engapd his body

fo horfe agiinft iheir whole inconfiderjblc »rmy,

there being neither tree nor bu(h to intenupl his

charge. C/aienJt^n.

' This motion of the htavenly bodies feems partly

' nninterruptci), as that of tlie firft, moveable, interpo-

" lated and ixierrufttj. Hale.

2. To hinder one from proceeding by in -
terpofition.

Anfwer not before tlioii haft heard the caufe ;
neither i/iierrufi men in the midtt of their talk.

Ecclrf. «i. 8.

3. To divide; tofeparatc; to refdnd from
continuity.

Interru'pt. adj. Containing a chafm.

Seed thou what rage
Tranfporis our adverfary, wb*m no bounds,
Nor yet the main abyfs wide inimuft.
Can hold ? Milicn.

iNTERRu'pTEDiy. ad'v. [from inttr-
Tufted.] Not in continuity ; not without
ftoppages.

The incident light that meets with a groflVr li-
quor, will have its beams either rcfradtd or im-
bibed, or elfe reflefled more or Icfs Inttmifitdly
than lliey would be, if the body had been un-
moiHencd. BoyU on Co/ours.

Intbrrup'ter. ». /. [from i>iterrupt.'\

He who interrupts.
Imterru'ption. n, /, [mterru/tion, ¥t.
inlerruftio, Latin.]

1. Interpofition ; breach of continuity.

Places fevered from the continent by the inter,
ruf tion of the fea. HaU't Origin of Mankind.

2. Intervention ; interpofition.

You are to touch the one as fcon as ysu have given
a ftroke of the pencil to the other, left the iniir-
ruf lion of time caufe you to lofe the idea of one
part. Dtyden'3 Dufrrjnoy.

3. Hindrance; flop; let; obftruAion.

Bloody England into England gone,
O'erbearing inttrruftioH, fpite of France. Sbak.

4. Intermiflion.

This way of thinking on what we read, will be
a rub only in the beginning; when cuftom has
made it familiar, it will be difpatched without
refting or inttrrufiion \a the courfe of our rtading.

JLeck^.

Amidft the inimuftiuit of his forrow, lecing

hit penitent overwhelmed with gtief, he was only

able to bid her be comforted. AdJifcn.

Intirsca'pular. adj. [iitttranA/capula,

Lat.] Placed between the (houlders.
To IntersCi'nd. ii. a. [inter 2in& fciiidc,
Latin.] To cut off by interruption.

Dia.

To Interscribe. V. a. [inter and joiic,
Lat.] 'I'o write between. Diii.

Intersf'cant. adj. [inter/ecaas, Latin.]
Dividing any thing into parts.

7-»INlERSE'CT. -v. a. [iaterfeco, Lat.]
To cut ; to divide each fther mutually.

Perfeft and viviparous quadrupeds fo ftand in their
liofition of pronencfs, that 'the oppofite joints of
neighbour legs confilt in the fame plane ; and a line
defcending from their navel inlerJtSs at right angles
the axis of the earth. Brovjn.

Excited by a vigorous loadftone, the needle will
fomewhat deprefs its animated' extreme, and w-
ItrffO the horizontal circumference. Unvin.

y* Jnterse'i-t. 11. a. To meet and crofs
each other.

The fagittal future ufually begins at that point

where iheic Imes inttrftH. IViftaan't Suretry.

Interse'ction. n. f. [ittter/edio, Lat.

from inttrj(a.'\ Point where lines crofs

each other.

They did fpout over interchangeably from fide to
Sde in forms of arches, without any /n;rr/><!7iV« or
meeting aloft, btuufe (he pipes were not oppoliie.

I N T

The fiift ftar of Aries, in the linae of Melon the
Athenian, was placed in the very inlerftCHon which
is now elongated, and moved eallward twenty-eight
degrees. Sro-wn.

Ships would move in one and the fame furface ;
and confequently muft needs encounter, when they
either advance towards one another in direft lines,
or meet in the intcrfe£lion of crofs ones. Bfnllcy.

TblNTKRSE'Rl". or. a. [interftro, Lat.]
To put in between other things.

If I may imirjirt a {hort fpeculation, ; he depth
of the fea is delcemined in Phny to be fifteen fur-
longs. Brerru/ood.

Intekse'htioN. n. /. [from inlerfert.']
An infertion, or thing jnfertcd between
any thing.

Thefe two inttrferilmi were clear explications of
the apoftle'sold form, God the father, ruler of all,
which contained an acknowledgement of the unity.

Hammond.

To Interspe'rse. 1;. a. [interfperfus, Lat.]
To fcatter here and there among other
things

The poflibility of a body's moving into a void
fpace beyond the ulmoft bounds of body, as well as
into a void fpace iVrrr/jKni/crf amongft bodies, will
always remain clear. I^ckt.

It is the editor's intereft to infert what the author's
judgment had rcjefled ; and care is taken to inter-
ffeife thefe additions, fo that fcarce any book can
be bought without purchafiiig fomethiog unworthy
of the author. Swjjt.

Interspe'rsiok. n. /. [ftom inter/perje.'\
The aft of fcattering here and there.

For want of the interfperjion of now and then
an clegiack or a lyrick ode. fValts on tie Mind.

Inrerste'llar. adj. [inter and jlella,
Lat.] Intervening between the ftars.

The intcrjirllar (ky hath fo much afhnity with

the ftar, that there is a rotation of that as well as of

the ftar. Bacon.

1'nterstice. ». /. [interjiitium, Lat. in-

terfiice, Fr.J

1. Space between one thing and another.

The fun Ihining through a large prifm upon a
comb placed immediately behind xiic prifm, his
light, which palled through the interjiiccs of the
teeth, fell upon a while paper; the breadths of the
teeth were equal to their interjiicei, and feven
teeth together with their intttjlicet took up an inch.

NnvTon.

The force of the fluid will feparate the fmalleft
particles which compofe the fibres, fo as to leave
vacant interjlicei in thofe places where they cohered
before. Arbuthnot .

2. Time between one afl and another,

1 will point out the inlerjiicet of tir« which
ought to be between one citation and another.

Ayl'ff'i'i Parergon.

Intbrsti'tial. adj. [from inteijiice.'\
Containing interftices.

In oiled papers, the inlcrjlitial divifion being
afluatcd by the acccflion of oil, becometh more
tranfparent. Brown.

Interte'xture. fi./. [interfexo, Latin]
Diverfification of things mingled or wo-
ven one among another.

-/o I N T E RT w i'n e. J 1: a. [inter and ttuine,

-To Intertwi'st. 5 or /to//?.] To unite
by twitting one in another.

Under fome concourfc of (hades,
Whofe branching arms thick inltrtviin'd might

(hield
From dews and damps of night his fhelier'd head.

Milton.
I'nteRVaL. «./. [intervalle, Fr. interiial-

lum, Lat.]
1. Space between places; inferftice ; va-
cuity; fpace unoccupied; void place;
vacancy ; vacant fpace.

With any obftatle let all the light be now t^oppcd
whkb pallet itiiough any one inlfniat oi the teeth.

I N T

fo that the range of colours which comes from
thence may be taken away, and vou will fee the
light of the reft of the ranges to be expanded into
the place of the range uken awav, and there to be
coloured. ticiulsn'i Ofticlts.

Z. Time paffing between two affignable
points.

The century and half following was a very bujy
period, the inicrvalt between every war being (»
(hort. Su'ifi.

3. Remiffion of a delirium or diftempcr.

Though he had a long illnefs, confiJcring the

great heat with which it raged, yet his inrervj/i »(

fenfe being few and ftiort, lelt but little room for the

offices of devotion. Alltriurj.

To Interve'ne. v, n. [infer-veitio, Lat.
intervenir, Fr.]

1. To come between things or perfons.

2. To make intervals.

While fo near each other thus all day
Oiu- talk we chufc, what wonder, if la near,
I.ooks intervene, and fmiles > AMilttn.

3. To crofs unexpeftedly.

Eftecm the danger of an aAion, and the pofiiU-
lities of mifcarriage, and every crofs accident that
can inte>^e»e, to be either a mercy on God's pirt»
or a fault oa ours. Taylor.

Interve'ne. n. /. [from the verb.]
Oppofition, or perhaps interview. A
word out of ufc.

They had fome (harper and fome milder diffe-
renccs, which might eaiily happen in fuch an inter-
vene of grandees, both vehement oi the parts which
they fivayed. H'otlon.

iNTERVb'wiENT. adj. [interveniens , Latin;
««/frT;«//7«/, French.] Jntercedent; inter-
pofed ; paffing between.

There be inter-ver.ient in the rife of eight, in tones>
two bemolls or half notes. Baet>n.

Many arts were ufed to difcufs new affe^ion :
all which notwithftanding, for I omit things in-
tervenler.l, there is conveyed to Mr. Villiers an
iniimation of the king's pleafure to be fwom his
ftrvjnt. iyolton.

Interve'ntion. b. /. [intervention, Fr»
interventio, Latin.]

[. Agency between perfons.

Let us deciJe our quarrels at home, without the
intrrvemim of any foreign power. Tttnf.'e.

God will judge the world in righteoufncfs by die
intervention of the man Chrill Jefus, who is the
Saviour as well as the judge of the wtf 'd

Alle'ilnil

2. Agency between antccetlents and confe-
cutives.

In the difpenfation of God's mercies to the
world, fume things he does by himfclf, others by
the intervention of natural means, and by the me-
diation of fuch inftruments as he has appointed.

L* EJlrange.

3. -Interpoiitiou; the ftate of being intcr-
pofed.

Sound is Ihut out by the /Wfrt»/i/»» of that lax
membrane, and not fufTered to pafs into the inward
ear. Holder,

7» Interve'rt. v. a, [intervertOj'Li.l.'}

1. To turn to another courfe.

The duke ieiterverted the bargain, and gave the
poor widow of £rpenius for the books, five hundred
pounds. h'oiton.

2. To turn to another ufe.
Intervi'ew. ». y; [intreviie, French.]

Mutual fight ; fight of each other. It is
commonly ufed tor a formal, appointedj
or important meeting or conference.

The day will come, when the paflions of former
enmity being allayed, we ftiall with ten times re-
doubled tokens of reconciled love, Ihew ourfclves each
towards other the fame, which Jofeph and the bre-
thren ol Jofeph were, at the time of ihcir interview
in Egypt. Hooker.

I

INT

HIj fern were, tbat the htervi'm.- httv/'ixt
England and France might, through their amity.
Breed him fome prejudice. Sbakffp. Hfrrry \l\l.

Such happy iniervievf^ and fair event
Ot* love, and youth not Ibft, fongs, garlands, flow*rs.
And charming fymphonris, attach'd the heart
Of Adam. Miilm'i Ptradlje Lcfi.

To Intervo'lve. 11. a. \intervol'vo,\AX.J\
To involve one within another,

Myllical dance ! which yonder ftarry fphere,

Of planets, and of fix'd, in all her wheels

Refcmbles neareft ; maaes intricate,

Eccentrick, intervel-u'd, yet regular.

Then moft, when molt irregularlhey feem. Mlhon.
7a Interweave, 'v. a. preter. inter'u.'tnje ,
part, paff, internxxirjen , interiuove, or
intermjeaved. \_ititer and •weanjf.^ I'o
mix one with another in a regular tex-
ture; to intermingle.

Then laid him down
Under the hofpitable covert nigh
Ol trees thick inlerivnitn. Milton.

At latt
Word* ixtmuovt with fighs found out their way.

Milton.
I fat me down to watch upon a banlc
With ivy canopied, and interwove
With flaunting honeyfuckle. Milton.

None
Can fay hen nature ends, and art begins.
But mii'd like th' elements, and born like twins.
So iftterwfav'd, fo like, fo much the fame ;
Kane, this mere nature, that mere art, can name.

Dtnbam.
The proud theatres difclofe the fcene.
Which interwovm Britons fcem to raife,
And (how the triumph which their fhamc difplays.

Drydtn.

He fo intertveavn truth with probable fiction,

that he putt a pleating fallacy upoti us. DryJn.

It appeared a vaft ocean planted with illands,

that were covered with fruits and flowers, and in-

tervivwH with a thoufand little fliining feas that

ran among them. Addifon.

Orchard and flower-garden lie ib mixt and inteT~

vjncn with one another, aa to look like a natural

wildemefs. SjxElator.

1 he Supreme Infinite could not make intelligent

creatures, without implanting in their natures a

moft ardent defirc, intefwoven in the fubdance of

their fpiritual natures, of being reunitEd with him.

felf. Cheync's Pbil. PrincifUi.

1 do not altogether difapprove the interv^eavirg

teiti of fcripture through the ftyleof yourfermon.

Stvift.
To Intbrwi'sh. 'V. a. \inUr and •vjijh.'\
To wi(h mutually to each other.

The ven'jm of all Itcpdames, gameftet's gaJI,
What tyrants and their fubjedb Interiiijh,
Ail ill fall on that man. Donnt.

Intestable, adj. [inteftabilii, Latin.]
Difqualified to make a will,

A pcrfon excommunicated is rendered infamous
and initjlutle both actively and paflivcly.

Ayi'_ffe*s ParergoH.
Inte'state, adj. [hteflat, Fr. intrjiattts,
Lat.] Wanting a will; dying without
a will.

Why (hould calamity be full of words ?
— Windy attorneys to their client woes.
Airy fuccceders to inlejiatc mt,
Poor breathing orators of miferies. Shake/f,

Prefcnt puoilhment purl'ues his maw.
When furfeiied and fwelld, the peacock raw.
He bears into the bath ; whence want of breath,
Repletions, apoplex, (>r^<i« death. Dryden.

Ihtest'inal, adj. [intepKal, Fr. from
intej]ine.\ Belonging to the guts.

The mouths of llie lafleals are opened by the
inlrjlinal tube, afiefling a ftraight inftead of a fpiral
«y'i"der. Arhuthmt.

INTE'STINE. adj. liHteJiin, Fr. inteftinus,
Lat,]

I. Internal; invrard; not external,

I N T

Of thcfe inward and imefline enemies to prayer,
there are our palt fins to wound us, our prefent cares
to diflraiA us, our diftempercd paflions to diforder
us, and a whole fwarm of loofe and floating ima-
ginations to molell us. Duff a.

Inttjline war no more our paflions wage,
Ev'n giddy factions hear away their lage. Pofc.

2. Contained in the body.

Intrfiinc ftone, and ulcer, cholick pangs.
And moon-ftruck madnefs. Milton's Far. Left.

A wooden jack, which had almoll
Loft, by difufe, the art to roaft,
A fuddcH alteration feels,
Incrcas'd by new intejiiife wheels. Sv.!ft.

3. Domeftick, not foreign. I know not
whether the word be properly ufed in
the following example of Shake/f tare:
perhaps for mortal and inleftine ihould be
read mortal internecine.

Since tl\f mortal and intfjitne jars
'Twixt thy feditious countrymen and us,
It hath in folcmn fynods been decreed,
T' admit no trafiick to our adverfe towns. Shak.

But God, or Nature, while they thus contend,
To thefe inteftine difcords put an end. Dryden.

She faw her fons with purple death expire.
And dreadful feries of intejline wars,
Inglorious triumphs and dilhonell fears. Pope.

Inte'stine, n.f. [inlcjiinum, Lat. inteftine,
Fr.] The gut; the bowel: moft com-
monly without a fingular.

The initftines or guts may be inflaiAed by an
acrid fubftance taken inwardly. Arbutbnot on Diet.
To INTHRA'LL. 1: a. \in and thrall.'\
To enflave; to fhackle; to reduce to
fervitude. A word now feldom ufed, at
lead in profe.

What though I be intbrall'd, he feems a knight,

And will not any way difhonour me. Sbak.

The Turk has fought to extinguidi the ancient

memory of thofe people which he has fubjefted and

iitihrall*d. Raleigb.

Authors to ihemfclves in all
Both what they judge, and what they chufe ; for fo
I form'd them free, and free they muU remain
Till they mira// themfelves. Milloii'i Par. Loft.
_ She foothes, but never can inthrall my mind :
Why may not peace and love for once be join'd?

Prior.
iNTHRA'tMENT. «. / [from inthrall.]
Servitude ; flavery.

Mofes and Aaron, fcnt from God to claim
His people from intbrulmtnif they return
With glory and fpoil back to their promis'd land.

Alilion.
To Iiithro'ne. v. a. \^in 3x\i throne.] To
raffc to royalty; to feat on a throne:
commonly enthrone.

One, chief, in gracious dignity intbren'd.
Shines o'er the reft. Thom/on't Summer.

I'ntimacy. n. /. [itom intimate.] Clofe
■ familiarity.

It is in our power to confine our friendlhips and
itiiimacits to men of virtue. Rogcn.

I'NTIMATE. «<)>■. ['«/''wa</o,Spanifli; in.

timtn, Latin.]
r. Inmoft; inward; inteftine.

They knew not
That what I mentiou'd was of God, I knew
From inrim-ite impulfe. Milton'i Agomftn.

Fear being fo intimate to our natures, it is the
ftrongeft bond of laws. THIoi/qh.

2. Near; not kept at diftance.

Mofe3 was with him in ihe retirements of the
Mount, received there his private inftruflions; and
when the multitude were thundered away from any
approach, he was honoured with an intimate and
immcdiaie admilTion. SoKti.

3. Familiar; clofely acquainted.

United by this fympathclick bond.
You grow familiar, iniimate, and fond. Rofcommon.
IttTlMATE. n.f. [intimada, Spanilh ; /«-

■liinf, Irench; {iitimu4, Latin- J A

INT

familiar friend; one who is trufted with
our thoughts.

The defign was to entertain his reafon with a
more equal convetfe, aflign him an iniimate whofe
intelled as much correfponded with his as did the '
outward form. Gov. of the Tongue,

To 1'ntimate. -v. a. [intimer, French;
/»//«ari?, low Latin.] To hint; to point
out indireftly, or not very plainly.

Alexander Van Suchten tells us, that by a
way he intimates, may be made a mercury of copper,
not of the filvcr colour of other mercuries, but green.

Buyle,

The names of (imple ideas and fubftances, with

the abltraift ideas in the mind, iniimate fome real

exiftence, from which was derived their original

pattern. iof^,,

' ris the divinity that ftirs within us ;
'Tis Hcav'n ilfelf that points out an hereafter.
And intimates eternity to man. Addifon's Cato,

I'ntimately. adv. \_hom intimate.]
I. Clofely; with intermixture of parts.

Ihe fame acoiiomy is oblervcd in the circula-
tion of the chyle with the blood, by mixing it in.
timjtety with the parts of the fluid to which it is
to be alfimilatcd. , Arbutbnot. '

z. Nearly; infeparably. -~ '

Quality, as it regards the mind, has its rife fioin
knowledge and virtue, and is ihat which is ore
elfential to us, and more intimately united with s. ■
Ad.tifon's SfeSdIcr.

3. Familiarly; with clofe friendHiip.
Intima'tion. n.f. {intimation, Fr. from
intimate.] Hint; obfcure or indireifl de-
claration or direftion.

Let him (triflly obferve the firft. lUrrings and

intimations; the firft hints and whifpers of good and

evil that pafs in his heart. South,

Of thole that are enly probable we have fome

reafonable intimations; but not a demonftiative

'"'^'"'y. ll-oodward.

Befides the more folid parts of learning, there

are leveral little intimations to be met wilh on me.

^ ''•'Is. _ Addi/on.

1ntim|, adj. Inward; being within the
mafs; not being external, or on the fur-
face; internal. Not ufed.

As to the compofition or diifolution of mixed
bodies, which is the chief work of elements, and
requires an intime application of the agents, water
hath the principality and cxccfs over earth.

Digby an Bodies.

To Inti'midate. 1/. a [intimiu'er, French;
in and timidiis, Lat.] To make fearful;
to daftardize ; to make cowardly.

At that tribunal ftands the writing tribe.
Which nothing can intimidate or bribe;
Time is the judge. Young.

Now guilt once harbour'd in the confciousbieaft.
Intimidates the brave, degrades ihe great. Irene.
INTl'RE. n.f. {integer, Lat. entier, Fr.
better written entire, which fee, and all
its derivatives.] Whole ; undimiuidicd ;
broken.

The lawful power of making laws, to command
whole politick focieties of men, bclongcth fo properly
unto the fame iniirc focieties, that for any prince to
cxercifc the fame of himfelf, and not cither by exprcfs
commiffion immediately and perfonally received irom
God, or elfc by authority derived at 'the firft from
their confcnt upon whole pctfons he impofes laws,
it is no better than mere tyranny. Hooker.

Inti'rei*ess. n.f. [from intire; better

entirevcfi.] Wholenefs ; integrity.
So ftiall all times find mc the fame;

You this inliienefs better may fulfil.

Who have the pattern wilh yon ftill. Donne,

I'nto. prep. [/>rand/o.]
1, Noting entrance with regard to place ;

oppofed to out of.

Water introduces /'«/» vegetables the matter it bears

along wilh it. H'oodward's Nat. Hlft.

b K » Acrid

INT INT

Acfii fubftances, which p>f» into the c»pi«ary j JutO'i. BRANT, aiij. [intoUraHt, Ft.]

enduring; not able to endure.

Not

South.

Dryden.

tubes, muft irt'uaie ihem mio greater contraaion. I,
Artuthnol on Allmttiti. \

«. Noting entrance of one thing into
another.

If iron will acquire by mere continuance an ha-
bitual ini:linalioci lo the liie it held, how much
more may education, being a conftant plight and
inurement, indue* by cullom good habits mto a rea-
fonable creature i H'olloi,.

To give life to that which hai yet no heme, :s
to frame a living creature, fafhion the parts, and
having fitted them together, loput into them a living
foul. ^/j'-

J. Noting penetration beyond the outfide,
or feme aftion which reaches beyond
the fupcrficies or open part.

To look in/0 leiwri already opened or dropt is held
an ungenerous aO. . rope.

4. Noting inclufion real or figurative.

They have denominated fome herbs folat and fome
luow, and fuch like toys put inle great words.

Bacon.

r. Noting a new ftate to which any thing
is brought by the agency of a caufe.

Compound bodies may be refolved inio other fub-
ftances than fuch as they are divided into by the fire.

Boyle.

A man muft fin himfelf into a love of other mens

fins ; for a bare notion of this black art will not carry

him fo far.

Sure thou art born to fome peculiar fate,
When the mad people rife againit the ftate.
To look them into duty; and command
An awful filence with thy lifted hand.

It concerns every man that would not trifle away

his foul, and fool himfelf /»(o irrecoverable mifery,

with the greateft ferioufnefs to en<]uire into thefe

matters. rUktfon.

He is not a frail being, that he (hould be tired

- /»/» compliance by the force of afliduous application.

Smalrijge.

In hollow bottoms, if any fountains chance to rife,

«hey naturally fpread ihemfelves inIo lakes, before

they can find any iflue. Addijon on Italy.

It would have been all irretrievably loll, was it not

by this mews collefled and brought into one mals.

l^'ood-ward.

Why are thefe pofitions charged upon me as their

fote author; and the reader led into a belief, that they

were never before maintained by .any perfon of virtue ?

Atterbury.
It is no ways congruous, that God (hould be al-
ways frightening men into an .icknowkdgoient of
the truth, who were made to be wrought upon by
calm evidence. Atlerhmy

A man may whore and drink himlelf into
Aiheifm; but it is impoflible he (hould think him-
felf into it. Bentley.
Ihto'lerable. adj. [intokrabilii, Latin;

intolerable, French.]
i. Infufferable; not to be endured; not
to be borne ; having any quality in a de-
gree too powerful to be endured.

If we bring into one day's thoughts the evil of
many, certain and uncertain, what will be and what
■will never be, our load will be as intoleraile as it was
unreafonable. Tay/or.

His awful prefence did the crowd furpriie,
Nor durft the ra(h deflator meet his eyes;

Eyes that confefs'd him born for kingly fway,
So fierce, they flalh'd intolerable day. Dryden.

Some men arc quickly weary of one thing: tho
fame ftudy long continued in is as intolerable to
them, as the appearing long in the fame clothes is to
a court lady. Locke.

From Param's top th' Almighty rode.
Intolerable day proclaim'J the God. Bretme.

2. Bad beyond fufferance.

Into'lerableness. It. f. [from intolera-
^/^.] Quality of a thing not to be en-
dared.

Into'i.erably. adv. [from iritoUrahU.'\
To a degree beyond endurance.

Too great moifture aflfcfts human bodies with one
clafs {if difeafes, and too great dtyncfs with another ;
the powers of human bodies being limited and
intolerant of excelTes. Arbtahno'.

ToIn'tomb. 'V. a. [/» and tcmb.'] 'I'o
inclofe in a funeral monument; to bury.
What commandment had the Jews for the ce-
remony of odours ul'ed about the bodies of the dead,
after which cuftom notwiihllanding our I.ord was
contented that his own molt precious blood Ihould be
intomb'df Hooter.

Is't night's predominance or the day's (hame.
That darknefs does the face of earth intcmb f

Sbakefpeare.
Mighty hero«), more majeftick (hades.
And youths inlomi'd before their father's eyes.

Dryden.

roI'NTONATE. v. a. [i/ttom. Latin.] To

thunder. D.'df.

Intona'tion. ». /. [tHtottatiou, Fr. from

intonate.'] The aft of thundering. Dia.
ToInto'ne. t. «. [from irttono, or rather

from tone; intonner, Fr.] To make a

flow^protrafted noife.
So fwclls each windpipe ; afs intones to afs

Pope^s Uunciad.

[iiitortuo, Latin.] To

Harmonick twang
To Into'rt. ni. a.

twift ; to wreath ; ro wring.

The brain is a congeries of glands, that feparate
the finer parts of the blood, called animal fpirits :
and a gland is nothing but a canal varioudy intoned
and wound up together. Arbuthnot.

With rev'rent hand the king prefents the gold.
Which round th' intoned horns the gilder roU'd.

Pope.

To INTO'XICATE. 'v. a. [in and toxkum,
Lat.] To inebriate; to make drunk.

The more a man drinketh of the world, the more
it intoxicatetbs, and age doth profit rather in the
powers of undcrftanding, than in the virtues ot the
will and affedions. _ Bacon.

As with new wine intoxicated both,
They fwim in mirth, and fancy thjt they feel
Divinity within them breeding wings,
Wherewith to fcom the earth. Milton.

My early millrcfs, now my ancient mufe,
That rtrong Circean liquor ceafe t' infufe.
Wherewith thou did'ft intoxicate my youth.

Den bam.

What part of wild fury was there in the bacchanals
which we have not feeii equall'd, if not exceeded by
fome intoxicated zealots ? Decay of Piety.

Others, after having done fine things, yet fpoil
them by endeavouring to make them better; and
are fo intoxicated with an earreft dc(:-e of being
above all others, that they fuffer ihemfelves to be
deceived. Dryden'i Dufrejr.oy.

Vegetables by fermentation are wrought up to
fpirituous liquors, having difTeient qualities from the
plant; for no fruit taken crude has the intoxicating
quality of wine. Aibuihnot.

Lntoxica'tion. ». /. [from intoxicate.]
Inebriation; ebricty; the aft of making
drunk ; the ftate of being drunk.

Thai king, being in amity with him, did fo burn
in haired towards him, as to drink of the lees and
dregs of Perkins's intoxication, who was every where
elfe deteaed. Bacon.

Whence can this proceed, but from that btfoiiing
intoxication which verbal magick brings upon ihe
mind. South.

Intrac'taBLE. adj. [iutra^aiii'is, Lzlin;
intraitable, French.]

1. Ungovernable; violent; ftubborn; oh-
ftinate.

To love them who love 11s is fo natural a pafTion,
that even the moll intmaatle temper* obey its force.

Rogers.

2, Unmanageable; furious.

By what means ferpenls, and other noilous anl
more intraitable kinds, as well as the more innocent
and ufeful, got togetlj»r. fycodviard.

INT

Int«a'ctableness. ». /. [from iittrae.
table.] Obftinacy f perverfenefs.

Intra'ctably. adv. [from intraitable,]
Unmanageably ; ftubbornly.

Intranqui'llity. «./. [in and tranquil-
lity.] Unquietnefs; want of reft.

jadations were ufed for amufement, and allay in
conftant pains, and to relieve itial intraaijuillity which
makes men impatient of Ijing in their beds. Temple.

Intra'nsitive. adj. [intranfiti-vui, Latin.]
[In grammar.] A verb intranjitihe is that
which fignifies an aftion, not conceived
as having an effed upon any objeft ; as,
curro, I run. Clarke's Latin Giammar,

Intransmu'tabl t. adj. [in and tranf-
mutabk.] Unchangeable to any other
fubftance.

Some of the moft experienced chemifts do affirm
quickfilver to be intranfmutable, and therefore call
it liquor aeternus. Ray on the Creation.

TolNTRE'AStjRE. V. a. [in and trea/ure.]
To lay up as in a treafury.

There is a hillory in all men's lives.
Figuring the nature of the times deceas'd ;
The which obfciv'd, a man may propliefy,
With a near aim, of the main chance o( things
As yet not come to life, which in ilieir feeds
And weak beginnings be intreafured. Sbaktfp.

To Intrench, v. n. [in and trencher, Fr.]
To invade; to encroach ; to cut off part
of what belongs to another; with on.

Little I defire my fceptre Ihould intrench on God's
fovereignty, which is the only king of men's con-
fciences. K. Charles.

That crawling infeft, who from mud beg.in,
Warm'd by my beams, and kindled into man !
Durll he, who docs but for my pleafure live.
Intrench on love, my great prerogative. Dryden.

We are not to intrench v^en truth in any conver-
falion, but leall of »ll with children. Ijicke.

To Intrench. 1;. a.

1. To break with hollows.

His face
Deepfcais of ihundet had /«/rMr//</, and care
Sat on his faded check. Miiton's Par. Loji.

2. To fortify with a trench: as, the allies
were intrenched in their camp.

Intrenchant. adj. [This word, which
is, 1 believe, found only in Shake/feare,
is thus explained: The intrenchant air
means the air which fuddenly encroaches
and clofcs upon the fpace left by any
body which had paited tluough it,
Hanmer, I believe Shakefpeare intended
rather to exprefs the idea of indivifibility
or invulnerablenefs. and derived intren-
chant, from ill privative, and trencher, to
cut; intrenchant is indeed properly »<;/
cutting, rather than not to be cut ; but this
is not the only inftance in which Hhake-
Jpeare confounds words of aflive and
paffivefignification.] Not to be divided;
not to be wounded ; indivilible.
As eafy may ft ihou the intrenchant air
With thy keen fword imprefs, as make me bleed.

Si:akefpeart.

Intre'nchment. n, J. [from intrench,]

Fortification with a trench.
Intre'piD. adj. [injrejiide, Fr. intrepidus,

Lat. ] Fearlefs ; daring ; bold ; brave.
Argyle

Calm and Intrepid in the very throat

Of fulphurous war, on Tenicr's dreadful field. Ticinf.

Intrepi'dity. ». /. [inlrepidite, Fr.]
FeailelTnefs; courage; boldnefs.

I could not fuffiiienlly wonder at the intrepidity
of thefe diminulive mortals, who durll venture to
walk upon my body, withoai titmbiing. Gulliver.

Intre-

I N T

lNraEPi'i>iv. adv. [from htrtpid.^ Fcar-
Icfsly ; boldly ; daringly.

He talcts the ijlobe for the fcene; he launches
forward ifrtre^ijiy^ like one to whom no place is
new. Pofe.

I'ntRICAcy. tt. f. [hom intricate.'] State
of lieing entangled ; perplexity ; invo-
lution ; complication of fa6ts or notions.

The pail of Ulyfles in Homer's OdylTcy is much
admii'cd by Anllotle, as perplexing that fable with
»ery grceabie plots and iTthicacies. by the nm y ad-
veniures in his voyag?, and the fubtilty ot his be-
haviour Addifon.
rNTRICATE. adj. [intricatut, Latin.]
Entangled ; perplexed ; involved ; com-
plicated ; obfcure.

Much of that we are to fpeak may feem to a num-
ber perhaps tedious^ perhaps obfcure^ dark, and intn.
Cfile. Hookrr.

His ftlle was fit to convey the moll intrira:e bufi-
nefs to the underttanding with the unnoll clearnefs.

Addijon.

Ti I'ntricate. [from the adjeftive.] I o
perplex ; to darken. Not proper, nor in
ufe.

Alterations of (irnames, have fo intrtcolei, or
rather ol'fcured, the truths of our pedigrees. That it
will be no little hard labour to deduce x^zxn. Camden.
I'ntric ATELY. adti. [ffom intricate.]
With involution of one in another; with
perplexity.

That varitiy of factions into which we are fo in-
tricately engitged, gave occafion to this difcourfe.

Sivifi.
1'ntricateness. n. f. [from intricate,]
Perplexity ; involution ; obfcurity.

He found fuch intrieateneft-, that he could fee no
w^y to lead him out of the maze. Sidney.

INTRl'GUE.//./. [intrigue, Fr.]

1. A plot; a private tranfjflion in which
m.<n/ parties are engaged ; ufually an
affair of love.

1 hefe arc the grand inrrigitei of man,
Thefe his huge thoughts, and llicfc his vail defires.

F/atman.

A yoting fellow long made love, with much artifice
and intrigue^ to a rich widow. Addi/c/t't Guaidian.

The hero of a comedy is reprefented vi*£lorious in
all his inlrigMei. S^i'lft.

Now love IS dwindled lo intrigue.
And marriage grown a money league. Szeip.

2. Intricacy; complication Little in ufe.

Though this vicinity of ourfclves to ourfelves can-
not give us the full profpc£k of all the intr/guet of our
nature, yet we have much more advantage to know
oarfclves, than to know other things without us.

Hale's Origin of Manltind,

3. The complication or perplexity of a
fable or poem ; artful involution of
feigned tranfatSion.

As caufes ate the beginning of the aflion, the
oppofite deiigns againtl that of the hero are the mid-
dle of it, and form that difficulty or intrigue, which
makes up the grcateft part of the poem. Pope.

To Inth'cuE. v. n. [intriguer, Fr. from
the noun.] To form plots ; to carry on
private defigns, commonly of love,
Intri'cuer. n. J. [intrijrueur, Fr. from in-
trigue.] One who bulies himfelf in pri-
vate tranfa^iions ; one who forms plots ;
one who piirfues women.

f defire tliat iniriguert will not make a pimp, of
my lion, and convey (heir thoughts to one another.

Addi/on.
IjfTm'cuiKCLT. adt>, [from intrigue.]

With intrigue; with fecret plotting.
INTRrNSECAL, adj. [intrin/ecu,, Lat.
intrin/ejue, Fr. This word is now gene-
rally written //f/nV^ca/, contrary' toetymo-

I N T

1. Internal ; folid : natural ; not accidental ;
not merely apparent.

Thefe meafure the laws of God not by the intrin-
JecaJgoodneh and equity of them, but by reluftancy
and oppofition which tiiey hnd in their own hearts
againlithcm. 'Tiihtjon.

The near and intrinfecal, and convincing argu-
ment of the being of God, is from human nature it-
felf. Beiltry.

2. Intimate; clofely familiar. Out ot ufe.

He falls into intrinfecai fociety with Sir John
Grahim, vUio dilfuaded him Itom marriage.

JVolt(.n.
Sir Fulk Greville was a man in appearai.ce ir-
trinfecat ^\K\i him, or at leall admitted to his me-
lancholy hours. Woiten.
Intbi'nsecally. ad'u. [hom intrinfecai .]

1. Internally; naturally; really.

A lye is a thing abfolutely and intrinfecally evil.

Soutij.
Everyone of his pieces is an ingot of gold, intrin-
fecally and foliJly valuable. Prior.

2. Within ; at the infide.

In his countenance no open alteration; but the lefs
he (hewed without, the mote it wrought inirinfe-
cally. IVultJn.

If once bereaved of motion, matter cannot of iifelf
acquire it again j nor till it be tliruft by fome other
body from without, ox intrinfecally moved by an im-
material felt-a£live fubdauce that can pervade it.

Bentley.
Intri'nsick. adj. [intrinfectts, Lat.]

1. Inward; internal; real; true."

Inlrirfick goodnefs confilts in accordance, and fin
in contrariety to the feciet will of God, as well as to
his revealed. Hammond's Pundamen:ah.

2. Not depending on accident ; fixed in
the nature of the thing.

The difference between worth and merit, ftri£lly
taken; that, is a man's inlrinfick, this, his cur-
rent value. Crev.

His fame, like gold, the more 'lii tried
The more (hall its intrinfick worth proclaim. Prior.
Beautiful as a jewel fel in gold, which, though it
adds 'little to intrinfick value, yet improves the luftre,
and aitradls the eyes of the beholder. Rogers.

Intri'nsec ATE. adj. [This word feems
to have been ignorantly formed between
intricate and intrinfecai.] Perplexed ; en-
tangled. Not in ufe.

Such fmiling rogues as thefe.
Like rats, oft bite the holy cords in twain.
Too inirinfecate t'unloofe. Hhakeff. King Lear.

Come, mortal wretch,
With thy Iharp teeth this knot intrinfieale
Of life at once untye. Hbak, Antony and Cleopatra^

To INTRODL'CE. -v. a. [inttoduco, Lat!
introduire, French.]

1 . To condutfl or ulher into a place, br to a
perfon.

Mathematicians of advanced fpeculations may
have other ways to introduce into their minds ideas of
intinity. Locke.

2. To bring fomething into^oticc or prac-
tice.

This vulgar error whofoever is able to reclaim, he
(hall in'ioduce a new way of cure, prcferviug by
theory as \vell as pr.icltce. Hrotrn' s Vulgur Errours.

An author who ihould inttcdute a f^uri of words
upon the lla^e, would meet with fmall apptaufe.

Braorrte.

3. To produce; to give occafion to.

Vthniofver irjfroduies habits in children, defervea
the care and atten'icfi) of their govemois. Locke.

4. To bring into writing or difcourfe by
proper preparatives.

Il he will introduce himfelf by prefaces, we cannot
help it. Layer's Trial.

IntroOu'chr, «./. [i>rlrcduffeur,¥r. from
ialrr duie ]

1 1 . One who condu^s another to a place or
I perfon.

I N T

z. Any one who brings any .tbin2,intO

praflice or notice. ,.,.

The beginning of the Earl of Effex I muft attri-
bute to my lord of Leiietfer; but jet as an intro-
ducer or fupporter, not as a teacher. Ifotlon.
It is commonly charged upon the army, that the
bealtly vice of drinking to cxcefs hath been lately,
from their example, rcftoied among us; but who.
ever the introducers were, they have fucceeded to t
miracle. Swft.
Introdu'cticn n. /, [introduaiort, Fr.

iiitr.d.i^io, Lat.]
' . I he aft of conduiftlng or ufhering to any
place or perfon ; the ftateof being ulhered
or conduced. ~

2. '1 he adt of bringing any new thing
into notice or practice.

The aicbilhop of C«!itcibury had purfued the in-
iroduliion of the litingy and the canons into Scot-
land with great vehemence. Clarendon*

3. I he preface or part of a book contain-
ing previous matter.

Int8.odu'ctive. adj. [introduBif, Fr.
from in:r.duce.] Serving as the means
to foinething elfe.

The truths ot Chrift crucified, is the Chridian's
philofophy, and a good life is the ChriOiaii's Logick ;
that great inllrumental inlroduiiive art, that muft
guide the mind into the former. Souti,

Introdu'ctorv. adf [from inircduilus,
Lat.] Previous; ferving as a means to
fomething further.

This introductory difcoufe itfelf is to be but an

efiay, not a book. Boyle.

iNTROGRii'ssiorr. It. f. [introgreffio, Lat.]

Entrance ; the aft of entering.
Intro'it. »./. [intioit, Fr.] The begin-
ning of the .Ylafs ; the beginning of pub.-
lick devotions.
Introm I'ssiON. n.f. [ititroniijjlo, Lat.]

1. The aft of fending in.

If fight be caufed by intromifpon, or receiving in
the form of that which is feen, contrary fpecies or
forms lliould be received confufcdly together, which
Ariftolle ihews to be abfurd. Ptachum.

All the reafon th.it I could ever hear alleged by the
chief factors tor a general intromijfion of all fe<ffs and
peifuafions into our Communion, is, that ihofc who
icparatc from us are rtiff and oblt.nate, and will not
fubmit to the rules of our church, and that theielore
they fhould be taken away. South,

2. In the Scottilh law. The aft of inter-
meddling with another's effefts; as, he

fhall he bro-.^ght to an account for his intro-
miffions iviihfuch an eflate.
To 1'ntromit. i/.a. [introniillo, Lat.]

1. To fend in ; toletin; to admit.

2. To allow so enter ; to be the medium by
which any thing enters.

Glafs in the window intromits light without colj
to thofe in the room. Hotdtr ^

'i'inged bodies and liquors refleft fome forts ot rays
and /«/r£)w// or tranlmit other lorts. Nev/ton^

To Introspe'ct. 1/. a. [tnlrofpe^us, Lat.]

To take a view of the infide.
iNTRospt'cTioN n. f. [troiii introfpeO^
A view of the infide.

The actings of the mind or imagination itfelf, by
way of leflettion or introfpeclion ot thcmlelves, are
difcermbic by man. Hale.

1 was toitcd tcj make an inttofpeiiion into my own
mind, aud into that idea ol beauty which 1 have
formed in my own imagination. Dryden.

iNTROVt'i^ I ENT. adj. [intra and <veiao,
Latin.] Entering; coming in.

Scarce any condition which is not exhaulted anti
obfcured, from the commixture of introvenienr na*
tiuns, either by commerce or conqiied. Brovm.

To IN I'RU'DE. -v, n, [intrude, Latin.]

I. To

INT

I. To come in unwelcome by a kind of
violence ; to enter without invitation or
permiffion.

Thjr yein want wit, thy wit wants edge
And manners, to imrude where I am grac'd.

Sbahfp.

The Jewifh religion was yet in potTeflTioni and
therefore that this might fo enter, as not to intrude,
it was to bring its warrant from the fame hand of
omnipotence. Seuii.

5. It is followed by e» before pcrfons, or
perfonal pofleffions.

Forgive me, fair one, if officious friendlhip
inlrudii ex your repofc, and comes thus late
Wo greet you with the tidings of fuccefs. Rtiue.

Some thoughts rife and intrude upon us, while we
Ihun them j others fly from us, when we would hold
them. IVatls.

3. To encroach : to force in uncalled or
unpermitted : fometimes with into.

Let no man beguile you of your reward, in a vo-
luntary humility, and worfliipping of angels, intru.
tling into thofc things which he hath notfeen, by his
fielhly mind. Cot, ii. 18.

!?"<> Intru'de. 1;. a. To force without
right or welcome; commonly with the
jreciprocal pronoun.

Not to intrude one's felf into the myfteries of
government, which the princes keep fccrct, is repre-
lented by the winds (hut up in a bull hide, which
•he companions of Ulyffes would needs be fo foolifh
as to pry into. Pope,

Jntru'der, ». /. [from intrude.'] One
who forces himfcif into company or
affairs without right or welcome.

Unmannerly intruder as thou art ! Shake/peare.

Go, h^Xt intruder ! over-weening Have I
Beftow thy fawning fmilcs on equal mates. Siai.

They were but intruders upon the poffeflion, du-
ring the minority of the heir ; they knew thofe lands
were the rightful inheritance of that young lady.

Davit* on Ireland,

Will you, a bold intruder, never learn
To know your balket, and your bread difcern ?

Dryden.

She had feen a great variety of faces : they were
all ftrangen and intruders, fuch as (he had no ac-
quaintance with. Lode.

The whole fraternity of writers rife up in arms
againft every new intruder into the world of fame.

Addifon's Freeholder ,

Intru'sion. ». /. \_intiv/ion, Fr. intrujio,

Lat.]
1- The aft of thrufting or forcing any

thing or perfon into any place or ftate.

Many excellent drains have been joftled off by the
a«/riv^^«j of poetical tidions. Brotcn.

The feparation of the parts of one body, upon the
jntrufioH of another, and the change from rel> to
motion upon impulfe, and the like, feem to have
fome connexion. Lode.

3. Encroachment upon any perfon or place;
unwelcome entrance; entrance without
invitation or permiflion.

I think myfelf in belter plight for a lendei than
you are, the which hath ibmething emboldened
me to this unfcafoned inlrujion; for they fay, if
jDOoey go before, all ways do lie open.

Sbaicefpdjre.

Frogs, lice, and flies, muft all his palace fill
With loath'd mtrujii>n. Milfjn's Paradife Lyji,

How's this, my fon ? Why this intritjian ?
Were not my orders that I (faould be private ?

Addif. Cato.

I may clofe, after fo long an rnlrufim upon your
meditations. M'ake's Preparation f^r Deatli.

3. Voluntary and uncalled undertaking of
any thing.

It will be faid, I handle an art no way fuitable
cither to my employment or fortune, and fo (land
charged with intriijitn and impcriinency. Wotion.
To Iktru'st. ij. a. [»■« and /r*/?.] To
treat with confidence ; to charge with
any fecict comimlEon, oi thing of value : (

I N T

as, we ItttruJ} another ivith fomething ; or
we inirttji fomething to another.

His majefty had a felicitous care for the payment
of his debts ; though in fuch a manner, that none of
the duke's officers were inirujled with the knowledge
"^ *'• Clarendon.

Receive my counfel, and fecurely move ;
Intrufl thy fortune to the pow'rs above. Dryden.

Are not the lives of thole, who draw the fword
In Rome's defence, intrtijied to our care ? Addif.

He compofed his billet-doux, and at the time

appointed went tajnlrif/l it to the hands of his con-

fident. _ Arbuthnot,

Instui'tion. n. f [intuiius, iiittieor, Lat.]

1. Sight of any thing; ufed commonly of
mental view. Immediate knowledge.

At our rate of judging, St. Paul had palTcd fo» a'
moll malicious perfecutor; whereas God faw he did
it ignorantly in unbelief, and upon that intuition had
mercy on him. Government ofilie Tongue,'

The truth of thefe propofitions we know by a bare
Cmple intuition of the ideas, and fuch propofitions are
called felf-evident. Locke.

2. KnowJedee not obtained by dedudion
of reafon, but inftantaneoufly accompany-,
ing the ideas which are its objcd.

All knowledge of caufes is deduflive ; for we know
none by fimple intuition, but through the mediation
of their effeils ; for thecaufality iifelf is iiifenfible.

GlunviUc,
Difcourfe was then almoft as quick as intuition.

South.
He their fingle virtues did furvey.
By intuition in his own large breaft. Dryden.

Intu'itive. aJj. [iutuirivus, low Lat, /«/«-
itty. Fr.]

I. Seen by the mind immediately without the
intervention of argument or teftimon)'.

Immediate perception of the agreement and difa.
greement of two ideas, ii when, by comparing them
together in our minds, we fee their agreement or
difagreement; this therefore is called //»/«;V/Vf know-
le'lge- Locke.

Lofty flights of thoughts, and almoft intuitive per-
ception of abllrufe notions, or exalted difcoveries of
mathematical theorems, we fometimes fee exiftent in
one perfon. Bent/ey.

2. Seeing, not barely believing.
Faith, beginning here with a weak apprehenfipn

of things not feen, ended with the intuitive vilion of
God in the wcrll to come. Hooker.

3. Having the power of difcovering truth
immediately without ratiocination.

The rule of ghoftiy or immaterial natures, as
fpirits and angels, is their intuitive intclleftual
judgment, concerning the amiable beauty and high
goodnefs of that objedt, which, with unfj;eSkablejoy
and delij^ht, dolh fct them on work. Hooker.

, The foul receives
Difcurfive or intuitive. Miilon.

Intui'tively. eiJv. {iiitiiiti'vemtfit , Fr.j
Without deduiflion of reafon; by imme-
diate perception.

That our love is found and (incciT, that it Cometh
from a pure heart, and a good confcience, and a faiih
unfeigned, who can pronounce, faving only the I
fearcher of all men's hearts, who alone intuitively
doth know in this kind who are his? Hooker.

Goi .Almighty, who fees all things intuilive/y,
does not want logical helps. Baker on learning.

Intume'scence. } }t.f.\intumefceMt,Yz.

Intume'scencv. J »>/aOT5/?«,Lat.]Swel];
tumour ; the act or ttate of fwelling.

According to the temper of the terreous parts at the
bottom, as they are more hardly or ealily moved,
they varioufly begin, continue or end their intumej.
eenciis. Broxun.

This fubterranean heat caufes a great ratcfaflion
and intumefeence of the water of the abyfs, putting
it into very great commotions, and occafions an
earth'[uake. H'oidu-jrd.

I^•ruRGu'scENCE. ». /. [in And tur^^co,
Lat.] Swelling; the aft or ftate of
fwelling.

I N V

Not by attenuation of the upper part of the fea, b«t
intmge/tenciet caufed firft at the bottom, and carry-
ing the upper part of it before them. BrtviM,

luTv'se. «,/. [intu/'us. Lit.] Bruife.

She did fearch the fwelling bruie,
And having fearch'd the intu/e deep,
She bound it with her fcarf. Spenjert

To Intwi'ne. v, a, [in and Cwitte.']

1. To twift, or wreath together.

This opinion, though falfe, yet intvinrd with a
tr •, that the fouls of men do never perilh, abated
the fear of death in them. Hooker.

2. To be inferted by being wreathed or
twifted.

The vcft and veil divine,
Which wand'ring foliage and rich flow'rs iniv>lne.

Dprden.
TilNVA'DE. -v. a. [invado, Latin.]
I . To attack a country ; to make an hoftile
entrance.

He will invade them with troops. Haii.

Should he invade any part of their country, h«
would foon fee that nation up in arms. Knollcs.

With dang'ruus expedition they invade
Heav'n whole high walls fear no affault. Milton.

Thy race in times to come
Shall fpread the conquefts of imperial Rome ;
Rome, whofe afcending tow'rs (hall heav'n invade.
Involving earth and ocean in her (hade. Dryden,

Kncouraged with fuccefs, he invades the province
of philofophy. Dryden.

in vain did natuiv's wife command
Divide the waters from the land,
If daring (hips, and men prophanc.
Invade th' inviolable main. Dryden,

2. To attack; to aflail ; to aflault.

There (hall be fedition among men, and invading
one another i they (hail not regard their kings.

1 E/drat.
Thou think'ft 'tis much, that this coatentiout
ftorm
Invades us to the (kin ; fo 'tis to thee :
But where the greater malady is fix'd,
The lefTer is fcarce felt. Sbake/pearr's King Liar.

3. To violate by the firft aft of holtility ;
to attack, not defend.

Your foes are fuch, as they, not you, have made j
And virtue may repel, though not invade. Dryden.

Inva'der. ».y. [from in^vaao, Latin.]
I. One who enters with hoftility into the
pofleffions of another.

The breath of Scotland the Spaniards could not
endure ; neither durft they, as invaders, laud in
Ireland. Bacon.

Their, piety
In (harp conteft of battle found no aid
Againft in^iaders. Milton's Paradife I^ft.

That knowledge, like the coal from the altar,
fervcs only to embroil and confume the facrilegioui
invaders. Decay of Piety,

Were he loft, the naked empire
Would be a prey expos'd to all invaders,

Denham's Sophy.

The country about Attica was the molt barren of

any in Greece, through which means it happened

that the natives were never expelled by the fury of

invaders. Sivift,

Secure, by \\ illiam's care, let Britain ftand;
Nor dread the bold invader's hand. Prior*

Erteem and judgment with ftrong fancy join,
To call the fair invader in ;
My darling favourite inclination, too.
All, all confpiring with the foe. Granville,

2. An affailant.

3. Encroacher; intruder.
The fubftance was formerly comprifed in that un-

compounded Ityle, but afterwai'ds prudently enlarged
for the repelling and preventing heretical invaders.

Hammond,

Invale'scence. tt. /. [Invale/ce, Latin.]

Strength ; health ; force. Dia.

LW^A'LID. adj. [itt'valide. French; in-

falidut, Latin.] Weak; of no weight or

rogeacy.

But

I N V

But this I urgf.
Admitting motion in the heav'ns, to (htw
Invalid, that which thee to doubt it mov'il.

MiltCH.

To In'Va'lidate. th, a. [from iirval/d.]
To weaken ; to deprive of force or effi-
cacy.

To iirvalidate fuch a confequeace, fome things
might be fpccioufly enough alledged. BoyU,

Tell a man, paffionatcly in love, th^t he is

jilted, bring a fcore of vvitndTes of the falfchood

of his miftrcfs, and it is ten to one but three kind

' words of her's, (hall invalidate all their teftimonie;.

Ikvali'de. »./. [French.] One difabled

by ficknefs or hurts.
What beggar in the iTri'alidts,

With lamcnefs broke, with blindnefs fmitten,

Wilh'd ever decently to die? Prhr.

Ikvali'dity. a./. [_ia and 'Validity ; itrva-

Udite, Fr.]

1. Weakncfs; want of cogency.

2. Want of bodily ftrength. This is no
Englith meaning.

He ordered, that none who could work (hould be

idle ; and that none who could not work, by age,

itckncfs, or invalidiiy, (hould want. Temple.

In va'lu ABl.1!. adj. [/«and •vnluab!e.'\ Fre-

cious above cftimation ; inellimable.

The faith produced by terrour would not be fo
ftee an aC> as it ought, to which are annexed all
tlie glorious and invaluable privileges of believing.

Auetbury.

Isva'riable. adj. \in and 'uarius, Lat.
invariable, V.^ Unchangeable; conilant.

Being not able to defiga times by days, months,
or years, they thought bcft to determine thefe
alterations by foine known and invariable figns, and
fuch they conceive the rificg and fetling of the
fised ftars. i Brmun.

The rule of good and evil would not appear uniform
and invariable, but diflferent, according to men's
difTcrent complexions and inclinations. Atterbury.
I.nva'riableness. n. f. [from invariable. '\

Immutability ; conftancy.
Inva'riably. ad'v.\ixon\ i>rvari(Alt.'\ Un-
changeably ; conftantly.

He, who fleers his courfe invariably by this rule,
takes the furefl way to make all men praife him.

Atterbury,
Ihva'hok.h,/. [i«a-/jfo», French ; irrvafio,

Latin.]
I. Hoftile entrance upon the rights or pof-
feffions of another; hoftile encroachment.

Wc made an invajion upon the Cherethitcs.

1 Sam. XXX.

Reafon finds a fecret grief and remorfe from every
invajiin that fin makes upon innocence, and that
mufi render the firil eatraoce and admiffion of fin
uneafy. Seuii,

The nations of ih' Aufonian (horc
Shall hear the dreadful rumour from afar»
Of arm 'd invajion, and embrace the war.

Dryden't yiSa,

William the Conqueror invaded England about
the year 1063, whiih means this; that taking the
duration from our Saviour's time 'till now, for one
entire length of time, it (hews at what diftauce this
invafwn was from the two extremes. Loclte.

z. Attack of a difeafe.

What dcmonllrates the plague to be endemial to
Egypt, is its invafton and going off at certain fcafons.

Arbutknot,

Inva'sive. adj. [from im)ade,'\ Entering
hoftilcly upon other men's poffeffions ;
not defenfive.

I muft come clofcr to my purpofe, and not make
■tore invafive wars abrojd, when, like Hannibal, I
am called back to the defence of my country.

Dryden.
Let other monarch?, with invajive bands,
Ldlcn tbcir people, and exicQ4 their laEds ;

I N V

By gafping nations hated and obey'd.

Lords of the defatts that their fwords had made.

Arbutbmt.
Invh'ctive. n.f. \im)eBi've; French; /'«-
'Vtiliiia, low Latin.]

1. A cenfure in fpeech or writing ; a re-
proachful accufation.

Plain men deiiring to ferve God as they ought,
but being not fo (kilful as to unwind themfelves,
where the fnares of glofing fpeech do lie to entangle
them, are in mind not a little troubled, when they
hear fo bitter inveBivei againd that which this
church hath taught them to reverence as holy, to
approve as lawful, and toobferve as behoveful for the
exercife of Chriltian duty. Hooker.

If we take fatyr, in the general (ignification of tlie
word, for an inveEiive, 'tis almoti as old as vcrte,

Dvyd. Juv.

2. It is ufed with agahjl.

So defp'rate thieves, all hopelefs of their lives.
Breathe out inveBives 'gairjt the officers.

ShateJf.Henryy\.

Carting off r^fpea, he fell into bitter inveQi'jes
againjl the French king. Bacon' t HenryVW,

3. Lefs properly with at.

Whillt we condemn others, we may indeed be in
the wrong ; and then all the inveStives we make at
their fuppofed crrours fall back with a rebounded
force upon our own real ones. Decay of Piety.

Inve'ctive. adj. [from the noun.] Sa-
tirical; abufive.

Let him rail on ; let his inveCiive mufe;
Have four-and-twenty letters to abufe. Dryden.

Inve'cti VELY. ad'v. Satirically; abufively.

Thus moft inveclive/y he pierceth through
The body of the country, city, court.
Yea, and of this our life; fwearing that we
Are mere ufurpers, tyrants. Siaie/feare.

To INVE'IGH, 'V. a. [itmeho, Latin.] To
utter cenfure or reproach : with agaitijl.

I cannot blame him for inveighing fo Iharply
agairjl the vices of the clergy in his age. Dryden.
He imeighi feverely againft the folly of parties,
in retaining li^undrels to retail theirlyes. Arbuthnot.
Inveigher. n.f. [from /Vrff/gA.] Vehe-
ment railer.

One of thefe inveighen againft mercury, in feven
weeks, could not cure one fmall herpes in the face.

IViJeman,
To INVEIGLE, v. a. [in'vogliare, Ital.
Mjnjhenxi; aveugkr, or enanjeugler, Fr.
Skinnir and Junik!.'\ To pcrfuade to
fomething bad or hurtful ; to wheedle ;
to allure ; to feduce.

Moft falfe DuelTa, royal richly dight,
Tliat eal'y was to inveigle weaker fight.

Was, by her wicked arts and wily (kill.
Too falfe and Itrong for earthly (kill or might.

Fairy S^ueen.
Achilles hath inveigled K\i fool from him.

Shakejpeaxe.
Yet have they many baits and guileful fpcUs,
To Inveigle and invite th' unwary fenfe
Of them that pafs unwccting by the way. Milton.

Both right able
T' inveigle and draw in the rabble. Hudibra:.

Thofe drops of prettincfs, fcattcringly fprinkled
amongd the creatures, were deiigned to exalt our
conceptions, not inveigle or detain our paiTions.

Boyle.
I leave the ufe of garlick to fuch as are inveigled
into the gout by the ule of too much drinking.

Temple.

The inveigling a woman, "before (he is come to

years of difcrction, (hould be as ciiminal as the fc-

ducing of her betore (lie is ten years old. SprSiator.

Inviicler. n.f. [from i/rveigle.^ Seducer;
deceiver; allurer to ill.

Being prcfenled to the Emperor for his admirable
beauty, the prince clapt him up as his invcigler.

Sandys.

To INVE'NT, 1/, a, [iavet/ttr, Fi. imjetiio,
Latin.]

I N V

1. Todifcover; to find out; to excogitate;
to produce fomething not made before.

The fubftance of the fervice of God, fo far forth
as it hath in it any thing more than the law of reafon
doth tcacli, may not be invented of men, but muft
be received from God himfelf. Hooker.

By their count, which lovers books invent.
The fphere of Cupid forty years contains. Spenftr.

Matter of mirth enough, though there were none
She could dcvifc, and thouland ways invent
To feed her foolilh humour and vain jolliment.

Fairy ^^ueen.

Woe to them imiinvent to themfelves inllruments
of mufick. Amot,

We may invent
With what more forcible we may offend
Our enemies. Milton.

In the motion of the bones in their articulations,
a twofold liquor is prepared for the inunction of their
heads ; both which make up the moll apt mixture^
for this ufe, that can be invented or thought upon.

Bay.

Ye (kilful malVers of Machaon's race.
Who Nature's mazy intricacies trace,
' By manag'd tire and late invented eyes. Blackmore.

But when long time the wretches thoughts refin'dy
When want had fet an edge upon their mind.
Then various cares their working thoughts •em*

ploy'd.
And that which each invented, all enjoy'd. Creech.

The (hip, by help of a fcrew, invented by.
Archimedes, was launched into the water.

ArbutiinQt,

2. To forge ; to contrive falfely ; to fabri-
cate.

1 never did fuch things as thofe men have ma-
licioufly invented againft me. Sufan. xliii.

Here is a ftrange figure invented, againlt the
plain fenfe of the' words. Stillingjieet.

3.. To feign ; to make by the imagination.

I would invent as bitter fearching terms,
With full as many figns of deadly hate.
As lean-fac'd envy in her loathfome cave. Shak.

Hercules's meeting with Pleafure and Virtue was

invented by Prodicus, who lived before Socrates, and

in the firlV dawnings of philolbphy. Addifan.

4. To light on ; to meet with. Not uftd.

Far off he wonders what them makes fo glad;
Or Bacchus' merry fruit they did invent.

Or Cybel's frantick rites have made them mad.

Spenfer,

Inve'ntor. n.f. [from iwventeur, French.]

1. One who produces fomething new; a
devifer of fomething not known before.

As a tranftator, hewasjult; as an inventor, he
was rich. Garlii.

2. A forger.

Inve'ntion. n.f. Urtventicn, Trench ; I'a-
vcntio, Latin.]

I . Excogitation ;_thc aft or power of pro-
ducing fomething new.

O for a mufe of lire, that would afccnd
The brighteft heaven of invention I Slakefp,

By improving what was writ before,
Invention labours lefs, but judgment more.

Rojcotftmn.

Invention is a kind of mufey wh'rch, bfirig pof-
fi^lTed of the other advantages common to her.fTfters,
and being warmed by the fire of " Apollo, is raifcd
higher than the re(t. Dryden,

Mine is th' inventionoi the charming lyre :
Sweet notes and heav'niy numbers 1 infpire.

Dryden.

The chief excellence of Virgil is judgment,' of
Homer \iinvention. FnfC

z. Difcovery.

Nature bjih provided (everal glandules to feparate
fpittle from the blood, and no lefs than four pair
of channels to convey it into the niuuih, which arc
of a late /mttar/'sf. and called dvdus/alivalrs

Ray vn tlie Creation^

3. Forgery; fiftion.

We hear our bloody coufins, not confefling
Their cruel parricide, tilling their hearers
Witt ftraijge invention. Shakejp, Macltth,

I N V

i( rt»u c«n'ft •ccufe.
Do it wiihnut lin-fntioH luddeiity. Sbalufp.

A. The thing iiivenie.i.

TI.e ganJcH, » p'"" '"« f*'"' '" '"'""' ."T"'"
ments than ariiticial invaiiim. S:d«ey,

Th' invemha all admir'il; and each how he
To he th" inventor mih'd, fo eafy it feemM
Once found, which yet unfouud moft would hive

ihougbc „ ,., r o

Impoffible. MlltM',?afad,fiLofi.

In»6%itive. adj. [inventif, fr. trom
iin.-'nt. ]

X. Quick at contrivance; ready at expe-
dients.

Tlmfe have the invimlveft beads for all purpotes,
and i»undell tongufs in all matters. Afcham.

That itnjaitlv* head
. Her fatal image from (he temple drew.
The Oeeping guardians of the caftlc ttew. Dryitn.

The urueniivt god, who never fails his parr,
Infcires the wit, when once he warms the heart.
^ Dryden,

2: Having the power of excogiution or
fiftion.

As he had an iirvenlive brain, fo there never
lived any man that believed better thereof, and of
himfelf. RaMgb.

Reafon, remembrance, wit, iirvenlive art,
No nature, but immortal, can imparl. Denbam.

Inve'ntoh. «./. [^inventor, Latin.]
1. A finder out of fomething new. It is
written likewifc//('D<'»/'#r.

We. have ihe ftatue of your Columbus, that dif-
eovercd the Weft Indies, alfo the tnveriior of (hips :
your Mon- , that was the imitmor of ordnance, and
of gunpowder. Bacon.

Studious ihey appear
Of arts that polifti life ; invfxtoti rare.
Unmindful of their maker. Mi/tcn's Paradift Loji.
Why are thcfe pofiiions chaigcd upon me as their
■ {At author and inventor, and the reader led into a
belief, that they were never before maintained by
any perfon of virtue ? Atlerbuiy.

t. A contriver; a fraroer. In an ill fenfe.

In this uplhot, purpofes miftook,
Fall'n on th' iinxitlitn' heads. Sbakt/peare.

InveNTOr'i ALLY. acl<v. [from inventory,

whence perhaps iirventorial.^ In manner
of an inventory.

To divide hvenloiiai/y, would dizzy the ariih-
' melick of memory. Shakrjf. HamUt .

INVE'NTORY. n f. {inwiioire, French ;
in-venlorittm, Lat.] An account or cata-
logue of raoveablci".

1 found,
torfooth, an inventpry, thus importing.
The feveral parcels of his plate. Sbaie/p.

The leaniieft that afflifls us, the objeft of our
inifery, is as an invtnii,ry to particularize their
abundance, our fuScringt is a gain to them.

Shakifp. Coriolanus.
Whoe'er looks,
Tor ihemfclves dare not go, o'er Chcapfide books,
Shall find their wardrobe's invnlory. Dcnne.

U«ere of much cnofequence to have fuch an in-
vmti-ry of nature, wherein, as, on the one hand,
noihing (hould be wanting, fo nothing repealed on
the other. CrnuU Mufaum.

In Pcrfia the daughten of Eve are reckoned in
the i>i'(B»«y of their goods and chatties j a^d it is
ufual, when a man fells a bale of filk, to tofs half a
!' 'dozen women into the bargain. Addifon.

iSfe I.n'ventoRY. v. a. [inveniorier, Fr.J
To regifter; to place in a cutalogue.

I will give out divers fchedufcs of my beauty :

it (hall be inrnlorlid, and every particle and ulenfil

label I'd. . Sbaie/p.

A man looks on the love of his friend as one o(

- the richeft poffefluns: the phil^fophei thought

t friends were to be inveaturitJ u well as goods.

Gov. of tie Tongue.

I.nve'ntfiess. ». /. [iiiventrice, Fr. from
iirveHtu-.} A female that invents.

I N V

The arts with all their retinue of leffer trades, I
hiftoiy and tradition tell ut when ihey bad their
begmaing; and how many of their inventor? and
invinlreffts were deihed. Burvrt.

Cecilia came,
Inutnire/s of the vocal frame;
The fwcet enthufiaft, from her facred ftore,
EnUrg'd the former narrow bounds. Dryden.

Inve'rse. adj [iimerfe, Fr. inver/ut, Lat.J
Inverted; reciprocal: oppofed to diriii.
It is fo called in proportion, when the
fourth term is fo much greater than the
third, as the fecond is leis than the firft;
or fo much lefs than the third as the
fecond is greater than the firft.

Every part of nutter tends to every part of matter
with a lorce, which is always in a direil proportion
of the quantity of matter, and an iniicr/e duplicate
proportion of the diftance. Garib.

Invr'rsion. n. /, \iirjerfiott, Fr. inverfio,
Latin.

1. Change of order or time, fo as that the
laft is firft, and firft laft.

If he fpcaks truth, it is upon a fubtle in-vcrfinn of
the precept of God, to do good that evil may come

of"- ,, , J^"^"-

'Tis juft the ;«T/rc/fi'» of an act of parliament ;

j your lordlhip lirtl figned it, and then it was paffcd

among the lords and commons. Dryden.

2. Change of place, fo that each takes the
room of the other.

To INVK'RT. 'V. a. [iu'veito. Latin.]

1. To turn upfide down; to place in con-
trary method or order to that which was
before.

Wiih fate umerted, (hall I humbly woo ?
And (ome proud prince in wild Numidia born,
Pray to accept me, and forget my fconi I IValUr,

A(k not the caufe why fullen Spring
So long delays her flow'rs to bear.
And Winter ftorms (BirrMhe year. Dryden.

Poefy and oratory omit things elVential, and invert
times and aflions, to place every thiig la the moft
alTeaing light. A^"//..

2. To place the laft firft.
Ye5, every poet is a fool ;

By demonftration Ned can (liew it :

Happy, could Ned's inverted rule
Prove every fool to be a poet. Prior.

3. To divert; to turn into another chan-
nel; to imbczzle. Inftead of this fosttr/
or intervert is now commonly ufed.

Solyman charged him bitterly with invcriing his
treafures to his own private ule, and having lecret
intelligence with his enemies. , , ^ ,

KnolUs'l Hljlory of ibe Turks.

Inve'htedly. adv. [from inverted.^ In
contrary or revcrfed order.

Placing the forepart of the eye fo the hole of

the window of a daikcncd room, wc have a pretty

landlkip of iheobjcfls abroad, invertedly painted on

the paper, on the back of the eye. Derham.

To Inve'st. v. a. \_itrjej}2r, Fr. ittvcfiio,

Latin.]
I, 'iodrefs; to clothe; to arr.iy. It has
in or ewiih liefore the thing fuperinduced
or conferred.

Their gefture fad,
Invell in lank lean checks and war-worn coals,
I'rcfentcd ihcm uiiio the gazing mjon,
So many horrid ghoUs. Hhak^p. Uimy V.

Thou wilb a mantle didft inveji
The riling world of waters. MilUn.

Let thy eyes Ihine torih in their full luftrcj
Ixveft them viiih thy loves, put on
Thy choicert looks. Dtnbmn' iS<^ty .

2. I'o place in poffeflion of a rank or ofiice.

When wc fanttiiy or hallow churches, that which
we do IS only tu teliify that wl- make them places ot
public lefort, tl»t we imi'fl God himfell «i;A
them, and that we fever them fiom csmnum ufes.

Honker, .

I N V

After the death of the other arclibiihop, lu wis
i«fc^i-</ i»i that high dignity, and fettled ; ^'- --I'--'
at Lambeth.

The pradice nf all ages, and cc- '

been to do honour to thofe who are invrjhd tciii
pubUck authority. Aiieriwry.

3. To adorn; to grace; as clothes ot orna-
ments.

Honour muft -
Not unaccompanied, ;jiv{^ him only ;
But figns of noblcnefs, like llaii, (hall ftiine
On all dclctvers. Skakffp. Macieih.

The fooiifli, over-careful fathers lor this engroi»'d
The cinkei'd heaps of ftiong atchievcd gold |
For this they have been tlioughtfu! to /V.^jS
Their fons with arts and martial e leicifes. Sbjkffp.

Some great poteptate,
Or of the thrones above; fuch msjefty
Invefii him coming. MirvM.

4.. To confer; to give.

If there can be found loch an inequality between

man and man, as there is beiwccn man and bealt,

or between foul and body, it in^efietb a tight of

government. Baton.

5. To enclofe; to furround fo as to m-

tercept fuccours or provilions : as, the

enemy itivejied the town.

Inve'stient. adj. [irtvrfiiem, Latin.]

Covering ; clothing.

The (hells fcrved as pUi'ms or moulds to this fard,
which, when confolidatcd and freed from its iwejlient
Ihell is of the fame fliape as the cavity of the ll.cil.

k^ood'U-arJ.

Ikve'sticable.^<^'. [fromittv.jiigatf.] To
be fearched out ; difcoverable by rational
difquifition.

Finally, in fuch fort they are invefiigaile, that the
knowledge of them is general; the world hathalwajs
been acquainted with them. H;oker.

In doing evil, we prefer a lefs good beiore a
greater, the greatnefs whereof is by reafon invjli-
g,ii/.; and mav be known. Hooker.

To INVE'S'lIGAl E. -v. a. [inv.jHio,
Latin.] To fearch out : to find out by
rational difquifition.

Invejligate the variety of motions and figures made

by the organs for articulation. Holder on Speech.

Fiom the prtfent appearances invrjlgate the

powers and forces of nature, and from ihelc account

for future obfcrvations. Cbeyni.

Investiga'tion. a. /. [iaveftigan'oH, Fr.

invcJUgatio , Latin. ^
I. The aft of the mind by which unknown
truths are difcovered.

Not only the invefiigilion of truth, but the com-
munication of it aifo, is often praflifed in fuch a
method as neither agrees precilely to fynthetick or
analytick. . ^ ^ ^ f "'"•

Progrcfiive truth, the patient force of thought
Invefiifration calm, whofe filent powers
Command the world. Tbemfon's Summr.

1. Examination.

Your travels 1 hear much of: my own (liall
never more be in a l\rangc land, bui a diligent i«-
vepgadon of my own tctriiories. Pope tu Sui/t.

Inve'sti TUR?. »■/. [French.]
I. Ihe right' of giving poffeliion of any
manoiir, office, or benefice.

He had refufed to yield up to the pope the in-
vtjliiure of bilhops, and collation of eccUfiafticaJ
dignities within his dominions. Raltigb't Ejjayt.
z. Theaft of giving pnfTcffi^in.
iNVt'sTMENT. n. j. \in Z'a^ -vefimettt.l
Drcfs; clothes; garment; habit.
Ophelia, do not believe his vows; for lUey are
brokers.
Not of that dye which their invejlmentt (hew.

Spakrjp.
You, my lord jrchbilhop,
Whofe fee is by a cinl peace maintained.
Whole beard the (ilvcr hand of peace hath touch d,
Whofe learning and g'lod letters peace hath tutor'H,
Wbefe white in-vjnunti hgurc innocence,

Toe

1 N V

The Jove, anJ every b'efled fpirit of jpeaSej
\Vhtre.ore do you (o ill traollare yowrieif
Out o! che fpeech of peace, (hit bears fuch grace,
lato the hdilh and boiiS~>3us tongue of war ?

Slair/ptare.
Inve'teracv. »./. \inteleratio , Latin.]

1. Long continuance of any thing bad;
obttinacy confirmed by time.

The inveteracy of the people's prejudices com-
pelled their rulers to make ufe of ail means for re-
ducing them. Addijon.

2. [in phyfick.] Long continuance of a
difeafe.

INVE'l ERATE. ar(/. [in-veicratm, Latin.]

1. Old; long eftablilhed.

The culiom of Chriftians was then, and had been
a long time, not to wear garlands, and therebre
that undoubtedly they did ollfcnd who prefumed to
violate fuch a cultom by not obferving that thing ;
the very inveterate obfervation whereof was a: law-,
fuSiciei.t to bind all men to oliferve it, iinlcfs they
could ihew fame higher law, fome law of Scripture,
to the contrary. Hxker.

It is an inveteratt and received opinion, that
cantharides, applied to any part of the body, (ouch
the bladder, and exulceraie it.

Bjcon*t Natural Hijiory.

2. Obdinate by long continuance.

It is not every fintul violation of confciencc that
can quench the fpint ; but it mull be a long inveterate
courlc and cuftom of finning, that at length produces
«nd ends in fuch a curTed effcA. Houib,

He who writes facire honellly is no more an enemy

. t the o&ndcr, than the phylician to the patient,

«hen lie prefcribes harib remedies to an inveterate

difeafe. Dryden.

In a «rell-io(lituled Itate the executive power will
never let abufes grow inveterate, or multiply fo far
that it will be hard to find remedies. Sivifi.

fe Inve'tkrate. t/. a, [iieveterer, Fr.
intetero, Lat.] To fix and fettle by long
continuance.

The vulgar conceived, that now there was an end
given, and a coafummation to fuperllitious pro-

Ehecies, and to an ancient tacit expectation, which
ad by tradition been infufcd and inveleraied into
men's minds. Bac^n.

Let not Aibeifli lay the fault of their fins upon
human nature, which have their prevalence from
long cuftom and inveterated habit. Hentley.

Inve'terateness. v.f, \{X0TC\ hn;eteratf.\
Long continuance of any thing bad ;
obftinacy confirmed by time.'

As time bath rendered him more perfeil in the
art, fo hath t!ie inveterateneft ot bis malice made lum
more ready io the execution.

BrnmfrVulgar Erreurt,

Neither the inveteratene/i of the mifchief, nor

the prevalency of the falhion, Oialt be any excule for

thole who will not take care about tiie meaning of

their words. Ijicie.

Ikvetera'tion. »./. [iitveteratio, L.atin.]

The aft of hardening or confirming by

long continuance.

INVi'DIOUS. adj. [imiiJio/ut, Latin.]

1. Envious; malignant.

I Ihall open to tliem the interior fecrels of this
myHcrious att, without impoliure or invidiattt le-
ferve. Evityn.

2. Likely to incur or to bring hatred. This
is the more ufual fcnfe.

Agamemnon found it an inviditut aflfair to give
the preference to any one of the Grecian heroes.

Broome,

Not to be further tediouf , or rather invidiauif thefe
are a few caufes which have contributed to the ruin
of our morals. " S-uifi.

Inti'diously. adf. [from iirvidioui,']

1. Malignantly ; envioufly.

2. In a manner likely to provoke hatred.

The clergy murmur againft the privileges of the
laity; the laity itnidionjly ajjravaie the immunities
cftheclergj. Strati.

Vol. 1.

I N V

Invi'dioussess. n. f. [from hvlJious ."]

Quality of provoking envy or hatred.
To Invi'gorate. f. a. [/'« and •vigour.']
To endue with vigour ; to ftrengthen ;
to aniinaie ; to enforce.

The fpleen is introduced to invigorate the finifler
fide, which, dilated, would rather infirm and de-
bilitate. Brmvn.

Gentle warmth

Difclofei well the earth's all-teeming womb,

Ini'igoiatirg tender feeds. Philips.

1 have lived when the prince, inftead of /«i7^^-

rating the laws, alTumed a power of difpcnfing \\ith

them. Addtfon.

No one can enjoy health, wuhout'he feci a ii^ht-

fome and invigorating principle, which fpurs him to

aiSion. Speitaior.

Chriftian graces and virtues they cannot be, unlefs

fed, invigorated, and animated by univerfal charity.

Aiteiiitiy.
Invicora'tion. w. /. [{[om invigorate.]

1. 1 he aft of invigorating.

2. The ftatc of being invigorated.

I find in mylelf an appetitive faculty, which is
always in the very height of ailivity and im'igt-
raticn. Nanii.

INVl'NCIBLE. adj. [itnjincibU, French;
itevincibilis, Latin.] Infuperable; uncon-
querable ; not to be fubdued.

I would have thought her fpirits had been Invin-
cible againl) all alTaulis of affedtion. Shakejpeuie.

Should he invade their country, he would loon Ice
that invinciUe nation with their united forces up in
arms. Knjlles.

The fpirit remains invincible. Milton.

That miftake, which is the confequerce of in-
vincible errour, fcarce defcrves the name of wrong
judgment. • Locke.

If ap Atheift had had the malting of himfelf, he
would have framed a conftitiition that could have kept
pace with his infatiable lult, been invincible by in-
temperance, and have held out a thouTand years in a
perpetual debauch. Bentley.

Invi'ncibleness. ft,/, [from itni/tcii/e,]
Unconquefablenefs ; inuiperablenefs.

Invi'ncibly. adv. [domitrviitcib/e,] In-
fuperably ; unconquerably.

Ye have been fearlefs in his righteous caufe ;
And as ye have receiv'd, fo have ye done
Invincibly. Milton.

Neither invitations nor threats avail with thofe
who are invincibly impeded, to apply them to their
benefit. Dec. if Piety.

INVrOL.\BLE. adj. [ittviolabU, French;
iirviolabiiis , Latin.]

1. Not to be profaned ; not to be injured.

Thou, be fure, (halt give account
To him who fent us, whofe charge is to keep
This place inviolable, and thefe Irom harm. Milton,

In vain did Nature's wife command
Divide the waters from the land,
If daring (hips, and men prophane.
Invade th' inviolable main ;
Th* eternal tences overleap.
And pafa at will the boundlefs deep. Dryden.

Ye lamps of heav'n, he laid, and lifted high
His hands, now free ; thou venerable (ky !
Inviolable pow'rs ! ador'd with diead.
Be all ot you adjur'd. Dryden'i /En.

This birthi1|,hf, when our author pleafei, muft
and muft not be facrcd and inviolable. Locke.

2. Not to bebroken. '

1 he prophet David thinks, that the very meeting
of men together, and their .KCOfBpanying one another
to the houfe of God, Ihould make the bond of their
love fnfoluble, and tie them in a league of inviolable
amity. Hooker.

See, fee, they join, embrace, and fecm to kift.
As if they vow 'd fome league invioULIe. Sbake/f.

3. Jnfufceptible of hurt or wound.

Th* inviolable faints
In cubick phalanx firm advanc'dintire. Milton.
Invi'olably. adv. [from iniiolable.]
Without breach; without failure. •

I N V

Mere acij'jainwnce you have none: you hjfe
4rawn them all into a nearer line; and they who
have converfed with you, are for ever after invio^
lably yours, Dryden.

The true profef^on of Chriftianity inviolably
engages all its followers to do good to all men. i'fratt,
Invi'olate. adj. [inviolate, Fr. iiiviolatut,
Lat.] Unhurt ; uninjured ; unprofaned,-
unpollutcd; unbroken.
His fortune of arms was QiiW inviolate.

Bacon's Hen. VII,
But let inviolate truth be always dear
To thee, even belore frieiidlliip, truth prefer.

Denbam.
If the pad
Can hope a pardon, by thofe mutual bonds
Nature has (cal'd between ut, which, though I *

Have cancell'd, thou haft ftill preferv'd ;OT'/Va/» .•-'
I beg thy pardon, Denham'i Sofiy,

My love your claim inviolate fecures ;
'Tis writ in fate, I can be only yours. Dryden,
In all the changes of his doubtful (late,
' His truth, like tieav'n's, wakefX. inviolate.

Dryden,

Ik'vious. adj. [invius, Latin.] Impaf-
fable ; untrodden.

If nothing can oppugn his love.
And virtue invious ways can prove,
What may not he confide to do,
That brings both love and virtue too > Hudibrat.
Invisibi'lity. n.f. [itrvijibilite, Fr. from
iitvijible.] The ttate of being invifible ;
imperceptible nefs to fight.

They may be demonftrated to be innumerable,
fubrtituting iheir fmallnefs for the reafon of their in- '
viability. Ray.

INVl'SIBLE. adj. [invifible, Fr. inviji- ^
bills, Latin.] Not perceptible by the '
f.ght ; not to be feen.

He was /wi/Z/fi/f that hurt me fo;
And none invijible, but fpirits, can go. Sidney.

The thfeaden fails.
Borne with th' invifible and creeping wind.
Drew the huge bottoms to the furrow 'd fea,

Shaiefpeare.
'Tis wonderful,
That an invifible inftinft Ihould frame them
To loyalty unlearu'd, honour untaught. Siiakefpcare.

To us invifible, or dimly feen.
In thefe thy loweft works. Milton.

He that believes a God, believes fuch a being aa
hath all pcrfediions; among which this is one, that
he is a fpirit, and confe^uently that he is invifible,
and cannot be feen, Tillotfori,

It feems ealier to make one's felf invifible to
others, than to maJce another's thoughts vilible t«
me, which are not vifible to himfelf. Locke.

Invi'sibly. adv. [from invifible.] Im-
perceptibly to the light.

Age by degrees invifibly doth creep,
Nor do we feem to die, but fall alleep, Denham,
To Ikvi'scate. v. a. [in znAvi/cus.haX.']
To lime ; to intangle in glutinous matter.

The camelion's food being flics, it hath in the
tongue a mucous and flimy extremity, whereby, upon
a fudden emiirion, it invifcates and intangleth thofe
infcfls. Brovin.

Invita'tion. n. /. [invitation, Fr. in-
viiatio, Lat.J The aft of inviting,
bidding, or calling to any thing with •
ceremony and civility.

That other anfwcr'd with a lowly look,
And foon the gracious invitation took. Dryden,
Invi'tatory. adj. [from invito, Latin j
Ufing invitation; containing invitation
7*'TNV1'TE

French.]
I. To bid; to aflc to any place, particu-
larly to one's own houfe, with intrcaty
and compiaifance. '

If thou be invited of a mighty man, withi!r5«*
thy felf. . . Ecclif.

' He (pmes invited by a younger fon, Milton,
6 S When

V, a. [invito, Latin ; inviter.

I N V

Whtn much compiny 'n im/itfJ, then V? »•
Ijjkiring as polTibie of your coals. Sivi/i.

2. To allure ; tp perfuatle ; fo induce by
hope or pleafure.

A war upon ihe Turks is more worthy than upon
any other Gentiles, though facility and hop* of
fuccefi might invL'e fome pthcr clwicf. Zf.u««.

Nor art thou fuch
CreatcJ, or luch place halj here to dwell,
As mjy not ol't iir^ilt, though fpirits of heav'n,
To vilit thee. lUihon't Parailifi hr.Ji.

Ybe liberal contributions fuch teachers met vyith,
fervtd flill to Irrtjite more labourers into that work.

Bteay offiily.

Shady groves, that eafy flcep imiitf.
And after toillooK days a (oft repofe at night.

' ' Dtyd. ytrgiL

folNVl'TE. I', n. [in-vilo, Lat.] Tp alk

•or call to any thing pleafing.

All ih'^ngs iaiiiie
To peaceful ccwulels. Mi/ioii.

Invi'ter. ». /. [from i»viie.] He who
invites.

' They forcibly cut out abortive votes, fuch as their

invUeri audencouragersmoft fsncied. KhrgCh^rki.

Honour was the aim of the gucftsr and ioterell

was the fcope of tl\e ivvktr. Stnalridgt't Strmens.

Wines and catcs the tables grace.
But looii the kind utviitr's cheerful face,

i'ufi'i Odyjfiy.

Invi'tinclv. ad-v, [from in'vi4iiig.'\ In
fuch a manner as invites or allures.

If he can but dtcfs up a temptation to look invl-

litigly, the bufinefe is done. Dtcay uf Piety.

yi Inu'mbrate. li. a, \inumbr(,, Latin.]

To (hade ; to cover with Ihadc^. Tiid.

Inw'nction. n.f, [inmrga, inuneius, Latin.]

The aft of fmearmg or apointing.

The vKife Author of Nature hath placed on the
rjmp two glandules, which the bird catches hold
upon with hex bill, aud fqueezes out an oily liniment,
fit for the inunakn of the feathers, and caufing their
filament* to colore. Roj-

lMt;ND a'tios. n.f. \_ittuHdaitoH, French;

inutidatio, Latin.]
I. The overflow of waters; floods deluge.
Inundation, foys Cvwlej, implies lefs than
4duge.

HerTath^r cpugts it dangerous,
That flie fhouI<r*give her forrow fo much fway ;
And in his wifdom hades our marriage,
'^'o (lop the inandation of her tears. Sbakf/peare.
Thcfa;itc i/t/^fijatjcnvizs not paft forty foot in moll
b(^s; fo that fome &w wild inhabitants ol the
^O^sefcaped. Uafv/t,

All-fountains of t^c deep.
Broke up, (hall heave the ocean to ufurp
Beyond all bounds, 'till inuxjaihn rife
Abovethe higbeA hills. M'I'on's Parajift Liifl.
. This inundation unto the Egyptians happeneih
vh^o it is W.inter unto the Ethiopians.

Broivn* s yuigitr Erroun.
Yovr care a^out your banks infers a tear,.
Of threatening floods, and inundations near. Drydtn.

Ko {vi^^Sn^inunddticn hides the grounds.
But cryilal currer.ts glide within their bounds. Gay.

a. 'A confluence of any kind.

Many good towns, through that inundation of the

liifti, were utterly wafted. Sfenfo:

Ti I'nvocate. a'. /7. [rVwaw, Latin.] To

invoke ; tp implore ; to call; tJppnj to

pray to.

Poor key-cold figure of a holy king !
Be't lawful, that I invacate thy ghoft,
T* hear the lamentations of poor Anne. Slialrjf.

U,Dagoi) be thy god,
Co to hu temple, invocate his aid
Wich lolemntft devotion. Milton's /IgfniJIts.

Here rather let me drudge, and earn my bread,
*Till vermin or the dratf of fcrvilc food
Confume roc, ai.d oft invccated death
UlAMb^i^ Wdfom; cad of all my pains.
y*!^f Aii/ltn't jl^nijlti.

I N y

1, /. [tHVicttthn, Ftwcb ;

Ikvoca'tion

i/ivocath, Latin.]

1. The vi£\, of calling upon in prayer.
Is not the name of prayer ufual to figuify even all

the feryice that ever we do unto God ? And that for
no other caufe, as I fuppofe, but to (hew that there
is in religion no acceptable duty, which devout in-
'eocaiion of the name 01 God doth not either pre-
fuppofe or inli:r. ihaker.

2. The form of calling for the affiflan?c
or prefence of any being.

My iftvociiti^n i^

Honeft and fair, and in |>it roillrcfs' name. Slufk.

The propofitioii of Ci.Ttius is contained in a line,

and tjiat oi iMs.'ocaticti in half a line. li'ajf.

I will rtrain myfell to bvcrth o^t this one invoc^-

ticn. (i^itvil.

The whole poem is .t prayer to fortune, and the

iumcuiiiia is ijiviiled bctwccu the two 4eities.

Addifin on Italy.

I'.svoiCE. ». /. [This word is perhaps
corru|)ted from the French word e^moycz,
fend.] A catalogue of the freight of a
(hip, or of the .irticlcs and price of goods
fcnt by a faclor.
To Invq'ke. w. a. [/sa'tiTo, Latin ; in-vo-
quer, French.] To call upon; to implore;
to pray to ; to invocate.
I'be power I will im/oJfc dwells in her eyes.

Sidney.
Oiie peculiar n^lioti ta fcle<ft
Ftofx all the relt, of whoi^ to b^ l/(v^k'ii. itiilloif.

The Ikilful bard,
StriHing the 1 hraci^n harpi itwof/n Apolla>
To niake iuA hero- and Uimiiclf impoor taU

fuor.

ToInvo'lvb. t: a, \_iavol-vo, Latin.]

1 . To enwrap ; to cover with any thiag cir-
cumfluent.

Leave a tinged bottom i^ involv^i
With (lench and fmoke. Mi/tttx.

No man could mifs his way t? hjaven fijr Mtapt of
light i and yet fo vain are they as to think thfy
oblige the world by invol-vin^ it in darknefs.

Decay of ?i(ty.
In a cloud involved, he takes his (light.
Where Greeks and Trojans mix'd in njortal fight.

DryJcn.

2. To imply ; to comprife.
We cannot demonftrate thefe things fo as to (hew

that the contrary neccirarily invoices a contradiction.

Tilloijon.

3. To entwift ; to join.

He knows his end with mine involved. Milton.

4.. To take in; to catch ; to conjo'n.

The gathering number, as it moves along.
Involves a vaft involuntary throng. Po^e.

Sip we Ihould hate altogether; but our hatred of
it may involve the perfon, wliich we (hould not hate
at all. apratt.

One death invo/vet
Tyrants and (laves. Tbon^ofth S^nmtr.

5. To entangle.
This reference of the name to a thing whereof we

have no idea, is fo far from helping at all, that it
only ferves the more to involve us in difficulties.

Locke.
At obfcure and imperfert ideas often involve our
reafon, fo do dubious woixis puzzje men's leafon.

Loth,

6. To complicate ; to make intricate.

S^me involved their fnaky folds. Mi/ton.

Syllogifm is of iiccelTary ufe, even to the lovers of
truth, to (hew iiicm the fallacies that are otien
concealed in florid,^ witty, or puKo/i/fi/difcoutfes.

Loeit.

7. To blend ;. to mingle together ooniu-
fedly.

Earth with hell mingle and involve. Milton.
Invo'i,untarii,y. adv. [from itfvolinf

I N V

INVO'l,UNTAIiy, tiij. \in M wt».
tariiis, Latin ; initolutitiirr, French,]

1. Not having the power of choice.

The gaih'ring number, as it moves alang,
Involves a vaft invAuntaty ihroiig.
Who gently diraw, and ftiugglmg lofi and lefs.
Roll ill her vor«s, and her pow'r cpnfel's. Pofft

2. Not chofen ; not done wiUiflgly.

The forbearance of that a^ion, conlc'iuent t^ fuck
couimand of the mind, is c.-Jlcd volurjiji) ; »n<l
whattoever aflion is performed without fuch a
thought of tiif mind, is called in/oiiintary. J.ocif.

But why, ah tell me, ah too dear !
Steals down my cheek ih* involuntary tear ? Pope*
Isvolu'tion. n.f. [iniefitlio, Latin.]

1. The aft of involving or inwrapping.

2. The ftate of being entangled; compli-
cation.

All thing; are tqixed, api caafe; bleiided by mu-
tual involutions. (iljnvilU.

3. That which is. wrapped roond any thing.

Great conceits are railed of the involution or
membranous covering called the lilly-Uaw, fame-
times found about tlx Iwads of children.

ISroiun's f'ulgar Errours.

TsInu're. 'V. a. [/« and ««■.] To habi-
tuate ; to make ready or willing by
practice and cuftom; to accuftora. Jt
had anciently 'wUh before the thing prac-
tifed, now ta.

Bccaufctliey lb proudly infult, we muft ihtxli inure
their ears ivi^^ hearing hovv others, whom they
more regard , are accuttomcd to ub Uu felf-fame lan-

guage with us.

Hooker

tarj.-]

oufly.

Npt by, cbtiict; npt fjontane,-

U there might be added true art ar.d teaming,
there would be as much ditTerence, in maturity of
judgffieut, between men therewith inured, and that
which now men are, as between men that are now
9nd innocents. fhihr.

Th^t it may no painful work endure.
It r<3 ftrong labour can itfelf inure. Iiubberd*s Taie^
England was a peaceable l^ngdom, and but lately
inured to the mild and goodly g»vernment of the
ConfelTor. •'>fenfer.

The forward hand, inur'd to wounds, makes way
Upon the ftiarpeft fronts of the moft fierce. Daniel.

Then cruel, by their fporls to blood inured
Of fighting beafh, and men to beafts esp os'd.

Milton,
To inure
Our prompt obedience. Milton's Puradi/e LoJK
They, who had been mflft inured to butinels,
had not in their lives ever undergone fo great ta-
tigue for twenty days together. Clarendon.

We may inure ourfelves by cuftom tu bear the
extremities of weather wiiboui injury. Addi/ce.
In ti'K.EMENT. n.f. [from />//«■<•.] Prac-
tice; habit; ufe; cuftom; frequency.

If iron will acquire by mere continuance a le- -
cret appetite, and habitual inclination to the liie it
held, then how much more may education, beirg
nothing clfe but a cor.i^ant plight and inuremenc^^
induce by cuftaoi gaod itabits lata a. reafouable crea-
ture. IVoiion.

To Inu'rn. v.. a. [r» and Kr».] To in—
tomb; to bury.
The fepulchre
Wherein we faw thee quietly inurn'd.
Hath cp'd its ponderous and marble jaws
To caft thca up again. Sbakcjpeare^s Hamlet,

Amidft the tears of Trojan dames inurn'd.
And by his loyal daughters truly mourn'd, thyden.

Inu'stion. n.f. \inufiio, Lat.] The a^t

of burning.
Inu'tii. E. adj. \i»Htile, Fr. /■««/////, Lat.]

Ufelefs ; unprofitable.

To refer to heat and cold is a compendious and

inutile fpeculatiou. Eacon*s Natural Hijluiy,

InuTi'LITY. n.f. \inulilite,^t. iiiulititess,

Lat.] Ufelelfiiefs ; unprofitablenefs.
Invu'i.nerablE- adj. \^in'vtdnirable, Fr.
iniiuliieiabilis, Lat.] Not to be wounded }
fcciije from wound,
,i Oui

r N w

Ow Gannon's malice nmU flia!! be fpent
A'aioft fh' iirvtilneraile cioiuls of heav'fl. Sbak.

Nor vainly hope
To be iKVJrlxeriiMe in ''•ofc bright irnis^
That mortal dint none can relift. Millon.

Vancfla, tliough by Pallas (aught,
%y love imiulneraUt thought,
SearehJng in books Ibr wil^iom's aK],
Was in tlie ver)' fearch betray'd. S-wifi.

yilNWA'LL. *. a. [ill aixl •tv/fi!.'] To
inclof? or fortify with i wall.

Three fuch towns in thofe places with the gar-'
liront, would be (a augmented as they would be able
with little CO inwail tbcmlelves ftrongly.

Sfcnjirr on Ireland.

tti^t^KO. 1 ^ rmpeanb, Saxon.
Tnwards. J . .

I. Towards the internal parts ; within.

The parts of living treaiures that be more ;V-
VtafJt, nourilh more than the outwant Hcfti.

Bttcm'i Natttrai HJfiory.

The medicines which go lo thele magic il oint-
iT.ents are fo Uron^, that iT (Key' were ufcd iniveids
they would kill ; and theri:tore they work potently,
though outwards. Bacon.

<•. With infie^^iorj or incarvify ; concaveiy.

He ftrelclics out his arm in lign of peace, with
his breaft bending imvari. DtydeH'i Dufrffnoy.
5. Into the mind or thoughts.

I.ool«ng inward we were Itricktli dUmb ; looking
umard wc fpeak and prerajl. tkiier.

eelcftlal lighr
Shine imvard, and thf foul tbtt3ujh all her pttw'rs
Irradiate. MUiaif,

I'sWAlfD. adj^

I. Internal ; placed rtot .on the outfide but
within;

H^ cojld not red, but did his llout heart caty
JCai walte his Htvard gall with deep dejjpight.

J'airy S^ueen.

Ta each hnvard part

A fhflOti invilible. Milton.

Sicknefs, contributing nolefs than old age to tiic

(hakii.g d'jwn this fcarfblding of the body, may dif-

covcr the iHXX'ut'd ftrudlure mote plainly, rope,

>. Reflcifting ; deeply thinking.

With outward fmite their flait'r>- 1 itcelv'^!
Bui bent and invxtrdio myfelfagain
Perplei'd, ihefe matters I revolv'd, in vain; Prior,

y Intimate; domeftick ; familiar.

Though the lord of the liberty do pain himfdf all'
he may to yield e<jual juftice unto all, yet tan there
not but great abulcs iurlc io fo imvard and abfolute
a privilege. Sptn/er.

All my imuard fricndt abhoned me,

>*. »»»' '5'-
4. Seated in the mind.

Princes luvc but (heir titles for their glotiest
An outward honour for an in-ward Iq\\\
And for unfeit imaginations,
Thev often led a world of refilefs caret, Sbak,

i'nWard. «./.

1. Any thing within, generally the bowels.
Seldom hatrthis fenfe a lingular.

Then I'acrihcingv laid
The ;««KJ <//, and their fat, with incenfe'ftrew'd
On the clclt wood, and all due tiles pctlorra'd.

Milton.

They eftcem them moll profiiabic, becaufe^tthc

great quantity of tat upon their jViunn/s. Mirtimer.

2. Intimate; near acquaintance. Little
uicd.

Sir, I was an imuard of bis ; - a d/ fellow wis
the duke ; aad I Icnau the caufe of his withdrawing.
^ abaktffeare.

IswAROLY. atit). [ijottL tTPward.^

1. In the heart; pnvatclv.

That which i/.t ' >, man (hould be, the

church ojtwardi) ^. HtMet.

I bleeJ imiMra. . ;[ Siakrfptore.

Mean time the king, ihin.-n i,ni-mdly he mxmm'd,
In pomp triumphant to the town rtiurn'd.
Attended by the chiefs. Hr;,irn'i KrightU Tale.

2. In \\k parts within; in?cri>;ij|y.

iot

Let Benerfick, like covered fire,
Confume away in fighs, wafte imjaardly. SbAefp.

Camharides he prefcribes both outwardly and in-
•wardly. Arbutbnot.

'. With inffexibtj 6t concavity.

I'nwardness. n, /. [from /Vwari/.] In-
timacy; familiarity.

You know, my invjardnefs and love
Is very much unto the prince and Claudio. Shah.

To In we' AVE. preter. imuove or itiwea'ved,
part. pair, imwo've, imtiSven or intuearued.
[/■« and loecrve.^

1. To mix any thing in weaving, fo that
it forms part of the texture.

A fair border, wrought of fundry flowers,
Invunitn with an ivy winding trail, Spcnfer.

Down they call
Their crowns, in^uovc with amaranth and gold.

Milton.
KaS-d'tf (bflf palls df ^rple gfalii' urifbU
Ricfi tap'rtry, ftitfen'd with iniuoven gold. Pope.

2. To intertivine ; to' complicate.

The roof
Of ihicVeft covert Was, intuovea (hade'. miltin.
To IsWo'cD. 1/. a. \in and luW.J '1 o
hide in woods. Not ufed.

He got out of the river, /wu^iw^tf/himfeiffo as
the ladies loll the marking his fportfulnefs. . Sidney.
TelNWRA'p. i». a. [r/i and "UTa/.]

1. To cover by inX-oiution ; to ii\volve.

And oveV th^m Arachne high did lilt
Her cunning web, and fpread her fublil net,
Jmilttipftd in foul fmoak. Fairy ^een.

This, as an amber drop inwrapt a bee,
Covering difcoreis your ijuick feul j that we
Klayiil your through -ftiine fiontyour heatts'ih'jughts

fee. ' Donne.

2. To perplex; to poitfe^itHdifEcuIty or
obfc^jrity.

The cafe is no fooner made than refclv'd : if it
be made not invirapped, but plainly and perf]iicu-
oufiy. Baton.

3. It is doubtful whether the following ex-
amples fhould not be etirap or int'af, frotn
in and rap, rapio, Latin, to ravifli or
tranfport.

'IMiis pearl Ihe gave me I do (eel't sndfce't )
And though 'tis wonder that en'ivrjpt me thus.
Vet 'tis not madnefs. Sliakif^are.

For i f fuch holy fong
Etnurup our fancy long,
Time will run hack, and fetch the age of gold.
1 Millon.

IInwro'ught. adj. [r« arid •wrought.'\
j Adorned with work.

Cimus, reverend lire, went footing flow.
His mantle hairy and his bonnet fcdge,

/n«'r!>»^*f with figures dim, and on the edge
' Like to tlut faiiguint: flo%vcr infcriyd with woe.

Milton.

■7^0 In^v-rVa'the. -v. a.- \jHZfA'wrealh,\

To furround as wiih a wreath.

Bind their refplendent locks inv.-reaih'd with

beams. M'li.

Nar Icfs the palmof ptacc in^vrratbes thy browi

7bMttJon.

JOB. ». /. [A low word now much in
ufe, of which I cannot tell the etymo-
logy-]

1. Petty, piddling work J a piece of chance
work.

2. A low mean lucrative bufy affair.

He was irow with his old tricnds, like an old
favtniriie of a cunning jniniihr after iitejoi is over.

ArbutHnut.

No cheek is known to blulh, no heart 10 throb,
Save when they lofc a queflion, oiijob. Pope.

Such patents as thele never were granted with d
view of being a_;t^, for the intcrctl of a particulat
pcrfon (o ihe dama^ of the pubiick. Sul/t.

3. A iuddcn ftab with a fliarp inftrumeot.
To]ot. I-, a,

S

Sw/i,

J o c

1 . To ftrike fuddenly with a Iharp inltrn-
mcnt.

As an afs with a galled back was feeding in a
meadow, a raven pitclied upon him, and htjoiiing
of the fore. _ L'E/lrange.

2. To drive in a (harp inrfrument.

Let peacocke and turkey lesiyejoiiing their hex.

Titter.

The work would, where a fmall irfegnlarity of
fluff lliould happen, draw or Job the edge into the
fluff. Moxon.

To Job. 'v, k. To play the ftockjobber ;

to buy and fell as a broker.
The judge Ihallyo^ the bilhop bite the town.

And mighty dukes pack cards for half a crown. Fcpe.
Job's lean, n,/. An herb. Ainj^trlh.

Jo'bber. n.f. [fromys^.]
! . A man who fells ftock in the pablick

funds.

So caft it in the foutliern feas,
And view it through itjoiin's bill j

Put on what fpeftadcs you pleale.
Your guinea's but a guinea ftill.

2. One who docs chancework.

JoBBERNtj'wL. ». /. [moft probably from
jobbe, Flemiih, dull, and ntnul, Jjnol,
Saxon, ahead.] Loggerhead; blockhead.

i . And like the world, iwn'i /nSierntnvli

Turn round upon their ears, the poles. lladihju

Jo'cKEY. w. / [from ^aci^, the dimi-
nutive ofjohn, comes Jacf^,- or, as the
Scotch, jockey, ufed for any boy, and
jiarlicularly for a boy that ritjes race-
horfes.]

1. A fdlovv that rides horfes in the rnce.

Thefe were the wife ancients. Who heaped up
greater honours on Pindar's jockies than on the poet
hiinfelf. Addlfon.

2. A man that deals in horfes.

3. A cheat; a tiickifh fellow.
7"i)Jb'cKEY. "j.ef. [from the noun.]

1. To juftle by riding againft ohc'v

2. To cheat; to trick.

JOCO'SE. edj. {jocofm, Lat:] Meny;

vvaggifh ; given to jell.

If tlie fubjeft be facred, all ludicrous turns, and

^Wo/f or comical airs, Ihould be excluded, leftyouhg

minds learn to trifle with the awful folemi;ities''of

religion. IVam.

Joco'sELT. adv. [frorii jocofe.'] W^'ag-
gifhly ; in jell; in ganie.

SpondanuS' imagines that UJjfles may polTiHy

fpeak Jfcojely, biit in truth Ulylfes never behaves.

with levity. Broome.

Joco'sENiss. 1 «,/, [from /»r9/(.] Wag-

Joco'siTY. 3 gery; merriment.

A laugh there is of contempt or indignation, as
well as of mirth or Joc^^iy.

BrotjL-n^i J^ulgar Errours,

JO'CULAR. adj. {jocularii, Lat.] Ufed
in jeft; merry; jocofe; waggi!h; not
ferioos: ufed both of men and things. .

Thele _/<.■■./,»• flanders are often as niifchievous as
tfiulc o' uceprll deiign. Government 'f the ToKgin .

The fame is a rframatick poem ; the liile is parity
ferions, and parily/ixvr/'ar. DryJfx.

Good Vellum, uo'i't he ycc«/.ti. Aodifotr,

Jocula'rity. «,'■/ [fromyV»/(zr.] Met-"
riment ; difpofition to jeiK

The wits ol ihofe ages were flioif of thefi- of
ours; when men enuia maintai.T iminntaHe'fadcs,
and pcifill unalterably at the elTori! nijcnJariiy.

BrO'Zvn':: I'^t/.'gur Errotli i.

JO'CUND. adj. [jocuifdus, Lat.] Meriiy
gfly; airy; livciy.
There's comfort yet i then be thou yoirm-a'.

Sb.ikefpeette,
'^ojocimd health, tliiif Denmatk drinks to-id»y,
But the great cannon to ihit clouds ihall tell. Shakrjp.

They on thcii inirih and dance
Intent, with jocund mufic'k diarm his ear. Milton.
6 4 a Alexis

J O I '

Al«i» rtiuo'il h'u felIow.rwji«,
Their rural fpotts, tnijociinJAtiifr*. Prior.

Jo'ciTNDi.Y. adv. [from jocund.] Mer-
rily; gaily.

He has no power of himfelf to leave it; but he is
ruined jocttitJty and pleafantly, and dairtned accord-
ing to his heart's defire. ' South.
Ta JOG. v. a. [fchockfit, Dutch.] To
pu(h J to (hake by a fudden Smpulfe ; to
give notice by a fudden pufli.
Now leaps he upright, jugs me and cries, Do
you fee
Yonder well-favour'd youth ? Dtmr.

This faiJ, htjigg'dh'K good fteed nigher,

And fteet'd him gently toward the fquire. Hudibrps.

I was pretty well pleafed while I expefted, till

fruition jogged mt out of my f leafing (lumber, and

1 knew it was but a dream. Norris.

Sodden \jogg'd Uljffcs, who w»s laid
Faft by my tide. Pfi'i OJ;iJfty.

To Jog. i>. ».

1. To move by fuccuflation ; to move with
fmall (hocks like thofe of a low trot.

The door is open. Sir, there lies good way,
You may \x jogging while your boots are green.

Sbttkefp.

Here lieth one, who did mod truly prove
That he could never die while he could move ;
So hung his deiliny, never to rot
■While he might &u\jc,g on and keep his trot. Milton.

2. To travel idly and heavily.

Jog on, jog on the foot-path way.
And merrily heat the ftile-a,

A merry heart goes all the day,
Your fad tires in a mile-a. Shaie/fi. If'itttei'i Tale.

Away tliey trotted together: but as they were
joking on, the wolf fpy'd a bare place about the
tfog's neck. L'EJIratigc.

Thus they jcg on, ftill tricking, never thriving.
And murd'ring plays, which they mifcall reviving.

Drydtti.

Jog. n. /. [from the verb.]

1. A pulh; a flight (hake; a fudden in-
terruption by a pulh or lliake; a hint
give» by a pulh.

As a leopard was valuing himfelf upon his patty-
colouted (kin, a fox gave him a jog, and whifpered.
that the beauty of the mind was above that of a
painted outfide. L^BJirange.

Nick found the means to (lip a note into Lewis's
hands, which Lewis as Oily put into John's pocket,
with a pinch or ^jog to warn him what he was about.

Aitutbmit.

A letter when I am inditing,
Comes Cupid and gives me '^jog.

And I lUI all the paper with wiiting
Of nothing but fweei Molly Mog. Siiifi.

i, A rub; a fmall flop; an irregularity of
motion.

How that which penetrates all bodies without the

leafV jog or obliruflion, (hould imprcfs a motion on

any, is inconceiveable. Clamiillr's Sctf/n.

Jo'ccER. n. /. [from Jog.] Cne who

moves heavily and dully.

They, with their l'illow_/i^g<T» of the plough.

Drjjtn.

SffJo'cGLE. 1/. «r. To fhake.

In the head of man, the bafe of the brain is pa-
rallel to the horizon; by which there is lefs dungcr
of the two brains joggling, or flipping out of their
place. Dtrham.

Jo'hn APPLE, n. /,

A jobnafple is a good rclilhed (harp apple the
Spring following, when moft ether fruit is fpeni ; ihcs
are (it for the C)der plantations. Alorthnet.

To ]o}H, V. a. [joifidre, Fr.J
■I. To add one' to another in contiguity.

Woe unto them <.\xit join houfe lo houle, thai lay
field to (icld. ■ Ifa. Iviii.

Join them one to another into one (^ick. Exek,
1 he wall wnsjeintd together unto the lialf.

iVfi, iv. g,

2. To couple ; to combine.

In this (aci Iiy of lepeaiing and joining lOEcther iis
i«leas, the mind has great power. Loctt,

J O I

3. To unite in league or marriage.

One only daughter ncirs my crown and (lite.
Whom not our oracles, nor heav'n, nor fate,
Nor frcqjcnt prodigies permit to join
With any native of the Aufooian line.

Dryjeit's Mn.

4. To da(h together ; to collide ; to en-
counter; this fenfe is to be found in
the phrafe to join battle, in wliich, hattle
fecms not to ifignify fight, but troops in
array, committcre excrcitus, though it may
likewife mean fight, as, committere pra:-
lium. I

When they joined battle, Ifi^l was fmitten. I

I Sam. iv. 1.

They (hould wirh refolule minds endure, until

they might yo/» battle with iheir enemies. Knoitet.

5 . 7 o alTociate.

Go near, and /»'« thyfelf to his chariot. Alls.
Thou (halt not be joined with them in burial.

Ifaiah.

6. To unite in one aft.

Our bed notes are treafon to his fame,
Jiin-'d with the loud applauC: of publick voice.

Dryden.

Tiiy tuneful voice with numbers /o(>.
Thy words will more prevail than mine. Dryden.

7. To unite in concord.

Be fctit&ly joined together in the fame mind.

I Coj-.

8. To aft in concert with.

Know your own int'relt. Sir, where'er you lead.
We jointly vow to join no other head.

Vryden't Aureng.

7« Join. t. n.

1 . To grow to ; to adhere; to becontiguous.

■ Juftus's houfe joined hard to the fynagogue. ABs.

2. To clofe ; to clalh.

Look you, alt you that kifs my lady Peace at
home, that our armies _;u'n not in a hot day.

SbaUcff. Henry IV.
Here's the earl of Wiltlhire's blood.
Whom 1 cncounter'd, as the battlesyo/'/i'i/.

Sbalteffieiire.

3. To unite within marriage, or any other
league.

Should we agaiii break thy commandments, and
join in affinity wiih the people ? Exra,

4. To become confederate.

When there falleth out any war, they join unto

our enemies, and fight againd us. Exodus.

Let us m.ike peace with him, before be join with

Alexander againf) us. 1 Mac.

Ev'n you yourfelf
jfoin with the rcll ; you are armed againfl mt;

Dryden.

Any other may join with him that is injured,

and allift him in iccovering fatisfaOirn. Locke.

Jo'iNDER. a./. [from_/o/«.] Conjiinftion;

joining. Not ufed.

A contra^ and eternal bond of love,
Contirm'd by mutual joinder of your bands.

!>l>aliefpeare

Jo'iNER. n. f. [from joiu.] One whofe
trade is to make utenfik of wood com-
pafted.

The people wherewith you plant ought to be
imiths, carpenters, and joiners. B.icon's E.jfays,
, It is counted good wurkmaufhip in a joiner to
bear his hand curiouOy even.

Moxun's Aleeb. Excrci/es.
Jo'iNERY. n.f. [fromy«;»(T.]

yuincy is an art whereby fcveral pieces of wo«d
.ire fo fitted and joined together by tfrait lines,
fquaies, miters, or any bcvil, that they Oiall I'eem
one entire piece. Moxon.

Joint, k. f. [junSlura,'[jM.jolr;ture,Yt.'\
I. Articulation of limbs; junfture of move-
able bones in animal bodies.

Dropfies and adbmas, mi joint racking rheums.

Milton.
1 felt the fame pain in the (arm joint. Tetnfle.
z. Hinge; junftureswhi ch admit motion of
the parts.

J o r

Ths coich, the cover whereof was jnade^ with
tacbjoi.iH that as they might, to avoid the weather,
pull it up clofe when they lilted; fo when they
would, they might remain as difcovered and open-
lighted as on horieback. Sidney.

3. [In joinery ; jointe, Fr.]

Strait lines, in joiners language, ii called a /s/ttf,
that is, two pieces of wood are Oioi, that is, plained.

Moxon,

4. A knot or commifltire in a plant.

5. One of the limbs of an animal cut up by
the butcher.

In bringing a joial of meat, it falls out of your
haiid. _ H'vjifi.

6. Oii/ff^JoiKT. Luxated; flipped from
the focket, or correfpoadcnt part where
it naturally moves.

Jacob's thigh was out of joint. Grn. xiiii. 25;

My head and whole body was fore hurt, and alfo

one of my arms and legs put out of joint. Herlert.

7. 0»/ o/" Joint. Thrown into confufion
anddiforder; confufed ; full of difturb-
ance.

The time is cut of joint, oh curTed fpight !
That ever I was born lo.fe» it right. Sbakeffeare,

Joint, adj'.

1. Shared among many.

Entertain no more of it,.

Than > joint burthen laid upon us all. Shakifpeare,

Though it be common in rcfpeft of fomc men,

it is not fo to all mankind ; but is the joint property^

of this country, or this pari(h. Locke.

2. United in the fame polTeflion: as we fay,
jointheirs ox coheirs .jointheirrjfes or coheireffei.

The fun and man did (trivc.
Joint tenants of the woild, who (hould furvive.

Donne,
Pride then was not; nor arts, that pride to aidj
Man walk'd witli beaftyWw/ tenant of the (hade.

Pope.

3. Combined; afting together in concertv

On your joint vigour now.
My hold of this new kingdom all depends. MHion.
In a war carried on by the jtini torce of fo many
nations, France could fend troops- AJJifon,

To J,oiNT. 'V. a. [from the noun.]
I. To form in articulations..

The 6ngcrs are jointed together for motion, and
fiirnilhed with feveral mufdes. Ray on the Creation.,

2.. To form many parts into one.

Againll the (teed he threw
His forceful fpear, which hilBngas it flew,
Pierc'd through the yielding planks oi jointed wood.

Dryden,

3.. To join together in confederacy. Not
ufed.

The times
Made frieruJsof them, jointing their force 'galnft
Cifar.

Sbaicfpeare.

4. To divide a joint ; to cut or quarter into
joints.

He joints the neck ; and with a ftrokc fo ftrong
The helm fliesoff; and bears the head along. Dryden.
Jo'iNTED. ad/, [from joint.] Full of
,joints, knot.t, or commifTures.

Three cubits high
The/o.-K.'f'/' herbage (hoots.
Jo'iNTER. n.f. \itom joint.] A fort of

plane.

The jointer is fomewhat longer than the (hrs-

plane, and hath its fole perfcflly ftrait : its otfice it

to follow the fore plane, and (lioot an edge pcrfeftly

ftrait, when a joint is to be (liot. Moxon.

Jo'iNTLY. adv. [from joint.]

I. Together; not fcprately.

I began a combat firit with him particularly,
and after his death with the others yMBr/y. Sidney.
Becaufc all that are of the church cannot jointty
and cqU'illy work; the firft thing in polity rt'i^iircd
is a dltt'crcacc of perf»ns in the church. Hookrr.

The prince told hiro he could lay noclaim to his
patilude, bat dcfircd Uiey might go to the altar

togeilier.

JOrV

ftigettiei', and jointly return their thanks to whom
onljr it was due> Addifon,

2, In a ftate of union or co-operation.

His name a great exan^*Ie fHnds, to Ihew
How ftrangcly high endWvours may be bleft,

Where piety and valour ja'iittly go. Diyden.

JoiKTRESs, ti. f. [from jointurf.l One
who holds any thing in jointure.

Our queen,

Th* imperial jointrejt of this warlike ftate,

We've taken now to wife. Sbaktffeare's H-mht.

JolNTSTooL. ». /. [7«/'»/ and _/?so/.] A

ftool made not me ely by infertion of the

•feet, but by infert ng one part in another.

He rides tJic wild T.iare wiih the boys, an*! j-mps

upon yVw.y?3c/j, and wears his boot \*cry fmoolh like

unto the fign of the leg. Sb^kefpiare.

Could that be eternal which they had feen a rude

trunk, and perhaps the other piece of it a joirjjiool ?

Hiutb,

He ufed to lay chain and ja'uiijloolt in their way,

that they might break nofes by falling. Arbuthnot.

JO'INTURE. v.f. {jointure, Fr.] Eftate
fettled on a wife to be enjoyed after her
hu (band's deceafe.

Thejsinlurf that your king mull make,
With her dowVy (liall be coimterpois'd. Sbakefp.

The oU countcfs of Defmond, who lived in
1589, and many years fince, was married in Edward
the fourth's time, and held het joiiilure from all the
carls of Defmond fince (hen.

Ra/eigb's UiJloTy of lb« World.

There's a civil qucDion us'd of late.
Where lies my joiniurt, where your own eftate ?

Dfydtn .

What's property ? You fee it alter.
Or, in a monjage, prove a lawyer's fliare,
Or, in a jaintuTf, vanjth frotti the heir, Pcpe.

Joist. «./. [from joiudre, Fr.J The fecon-
dary beam of a floor.

Same wood is not good to ufe for beams or ji'Jlsj
becaufeof the biittlenel's. Murtimtr'j Hujbandry.

The kettle to the top was hoil^.
And there ftood fattened 10 a piji. Swift.

Tf Joist, -v. a. [from the noun.] To fit

in the fmaller beams of a flooring.
JOKE. ». / [ jocm, Lat.] A jeft ; fome-
thing not ferious.

Link towns to towns with avenuesof oak,
Indofe whole towns in walls, 'tis all 2 joke !
Jneiorable death Hiall level all. Pipe.

Why fliould publick mockery in print, or a merry
jckr upon a ftage, be a beitertcftoftruth than pub-
lick perfccutions ? IVattt.
Ta JoK E. ti. n. [j'oeer, Lat. ] To jeft ; to
be merry in words and anions.

Our neighbours tell rac oft, mjoiiftg talk.
Of alhes, leather, oat-me.il, bran, and chalk. Cay,
Jo'itER. »./. [fromyVi^.j Ajcfterja merry
/ellow.

Thou mad'ft thy (irft appearance in the world like
iiry jokrr, buffoon, or jack pudding. Dennii.

Joi. E. n./. [gtttulf. Ft. crol. Saxon.]
«.■ The face or cheek. It is feldom ufed
but in the phrafe eieei b^jolc.
Follow ! n.iy, I'll go with thee cheek hyjole. Shak.
And by liim in another hole,
AfBit'ei' Ralpho, cheek by /o/f. Hudibras.

Your wan complexion, and your thin /o/rr, father.

Drydtn.
A man, who has digtfted all the fathers, lets a
pure Ef/glti>i divine gp cbcsk \>yjoU with him.

Callier on i^ride.

1. Thehca-lofa fWh.

A falmoi.'j belly, Helluo, was ihy fale :
The doctor call'd, declares all help too late:
Mercy ! cries ll^lluo, myrcy on my foul !
U there no hopes ? aUs.'^^then bring they&tf/. Popf.

Red-fpeckled irouts, the falmon's filver/o/<-,
The jointed lobfter, and unfcaly foalc. Cay'i Tr/v/a.
7» JoLL.-v. a, [itovnjole, the head.] To
l)eat the head againft any thing ; to dafh
with violcQce.

JOL

How&e'er their hearts are fever'd iii religion, their
heads are both one : they mayyo/Zhoms together.

Shakefpeare.

The tortoifes envied the eafinefs of the frogs, 'till

they faw them jolled to pieces and devoured for want

of a buckler. L'EJirange.

Jo'llily. ad-v. [from JoHj.l In a difpofi-

tion to noify mirth.

The goodly cmprefs,yu///Vy inclin'd.
Is to the welcome bearer wond'rous kind. Dry. Ptr.
Jo'lliment. >t. /l [i'tom JoJ/y .] Mirth;
merriment ; gaiety. Obfclete.

Matter of mirth enough, though tircre were none,
She could devifc, and thoufand ways invent
To feed her foolilh humour, and \h\r\joiiimfKt.

Fit. ii^rn.

Jo'llitv. .? "■■^- [f'O'^J'^b-]

1. Gaiety; elevation of fpirit.

He with a proud ja/lity commanded him to leave
that quarrel only for him, who was only worthy to
enter into it. Sidttty,

2. Merriment; fcftivity.

With joyance bring her, and withyo///ry. Speftf^r.
There [hall thefe pairs of faithful lovers be
Wedded, with Thefeus, all in jollity. Sbakefpeare.

The braaen throat of war had ceas'd to roar;
All now was turn'd tojUiity and game.
To liniury and riot, feaft and dance. Mihon.

Good men arc never fo furpril'ed as in the midll
of \y\t\T jollities, nor fo fatally overiuken anJ ciuglit
as when (he table is made the fnare. ' Suitib.

With branches we the fanes adorn, and waftc^
la jollity the day oidain'd to be the lail.

BryJ: j^n.
My heart was filled with melancholy to fee feveral
dropping in the midtt'of mirth anijo/i'iiy.

Addi/oH's Spectator.
JCLLY. ndj. [joli, Yt.jcvialis, Lat ]
I. Gay; metry; airy; cheerful; lively;
jovial.

Like a jolly troop of huntfmen, come
Our lofty Englifti. Sbakeff ears' s Kiiig fihrt.

O nightingale !
Thou with frclh hope the lover's heart do'ft fill.
While the jolty hours lead on propitious May.

Milton.
All try griefs fo this tn jolly,
Nought to fad as melancholy. Burton.

Ev'n ghofts had leam'd to groan ;'
But free from puniOiment, as free from fin.
The fhades liv'dyV/y, and without a king.

Dryd. fuvtx.
This gentle knight, infpir'd \>i jolly May,
Forfook his eafy couch at early day. Drydrn,

A fhepherd now along the plain he roves.
And With his jolly pipe delights the groves. Prior.

2. Plump ; like one in high health.

He catches at an apple of Sodom, which though it
may entertain his eye with a florid, jolly white and
red, yet, upon the touch, it ftiall fill his hand only
with ftcnch and foulnefs. South.

To JULT. "v. »i [I know not whence de-
rived.] To (hake as a carriage on rough
ground.

Every little uneveonefs of the ground will caufe
fiich a jolting of the chariot as to hinder the morion
of its fails. H'tlii'is.

Violent motion, as jolting in a coach, may be
• ufed in this cafe. Arbuthnot on Diet.

A coach and fix horfes is the utmoft exercifc you
can bear, and how glad would you be, if it could
waft you in the air tozvo'iijollirg ! S-u-ifi.

To Jolt. -v. a. To (liake one as a carriage

does.
Jolt. ». /. [from the verb.] Shock ; vio-
lent agit.ttion.
The Tymptoms are, bloody water upon a fudden
jolt or viijlcnt motion, Ariuiinol on Diet.

The fira jolt had like to have Ihaken me out) but
afterwards the motion was eafy. .Sivift.

Jo'lthead. ». / fl know not whence
derived.] A great head; a dolt ; a block-
head.

lot

Fit on l\\a,joltE!ad, tliou can'ft not read ! -,.

Shakejf,

Had man been a dwarf, he had fcarce been a rca-

fonable creature ; for he muft then have either had 3 -

jolthead, and fo there would not have been body and

blood enough to fopply his brain with fpirits ; or he

muft have had a fmall head, and fo there would not

have been brain enough for his bufinefs. Greta,

JoNciy i'lle. »./. {jonquilie,\'T.'] A fpecies

of daffodil. T he flowers of this plant are

greatly efteemed for their ftrong fweet

fccnt. MilUr.

Nor gradual bloona is wanting.
Nor hyacinths of pureft virgin white,
Low bent and blulhing inward ; nor jon^uilles
Of potent fragrance. Thomjon'i Spring-.'

Jo'RDEN. n.f. [■:^07c,Jiercus, and ben, receji-
taculum.^ A pot.-

They will allow us ne'er a jorden, and then we
leak in your chimney ; and.your chamberlye breeds
ftea? like a loach. Shakefpj,

This China jorden let the chief o'ercome
Replenifli, not inglorioully at home. Pope's Dune.
The copper-pot can boil milk, heat porridge, hold
fmall-bcer, or, in cafeof neceffity, ferve for n jorden.

Sivift.
Joseph's f/tntvr'/, »./. A plant. Ainfivorih.
To]o'iTi.i.'v. a. {jouJler,Yt.'\ Tojuftle;

to ru(h agsinft.
Jot. w./. [i^Ta.J A point; a tittle; tha
leaft quantity affignab'e.

As fuperfluotis ftefh did rot.
Amendment ready Itill at hand did wait.
To pluck it out with pincers fiery hot,
That loon in him was left no one corrupt jot.

Fa. ^ueen.
Co, Eros, fend his treafure after, do it:
Detain no jot, I charge thee. Shakefp.

Lei me not ftay ijot from dinner ; go, get it ready;.

Siakejf.
This nor hurts him nor profits you a/or;
Forbear it therefoie ; give your caufe to Heav'n.

Sbakc/pf
ThTs bond doth give thee here no jot of blood ;
The words exprefsly are a pound of flclh. Shake/pi

1 argue not
Againft Heav'n *s hani^, or will ; nor bateone/s/
Of heat or hope ; but ttill bear up and rteer •

Ri^lit onwards. Miltorr.,

You might, with cvtry jot as much juftice, hang
me up becaufe I'm old, as beat mc becaufe I'm im-:
potent. L'EJlrangu

A man may read the difcourfcs of a very rational
author, and- yet acquire not one jot of knowledge.

Loci(.

The final eveat will not be ontjst lefs the confe-

quencc of our own choice and adiions, for God's hov-

i.ig from all eternity forefecii and determined what

that event ftiall be. Rogers,

JO'VIAL. itdj. [jcnial, Yr.jcvialis, Lat. J -

I. Under the influence of Jupiter.

The fixed ftars are aftrologically differenced by.
the planets, and are efteemed m.irtial or joviai,
according to the colours whereby they anfwtr thcl't
planets. Broivn's f'ulgar Erroun,

z. Gay ; airy ; merry.

My lord, fltck o'er your tugged looks, .
Be brigljt and yoT/;,?/ 'moos your guefts.. Sbnkefp. '
Onxjcvial ftar reign 'd at his birth. SiakeJ/K

Some men, of an ill and melancholy nature, in-
cline (he comp.iny, into which they come, to be fad(
and ill-difpofcd ; and contrariwife, others of :i jovial
nature difjiofe l!ic company to be merry and cheer-
ful. Uaco't's Natural Ill/lory,
His odes art fome of them panegyrical, others
moral, the reft jovial or bacchanalian. Drydta.
Perhaps the jeft that charm 'd the fprightiy crowd,
And made xhe. jovial table laugh io loud,
'i'o fomc falfc notion ow'd its poor pietcnce. PrioiK
Jo'viAi.LY. adv. [from jovial. \ Merrily t,„

gaily.
J'j'vi.ivLNEss. «./, \itomji:viai.'\ Gaiety';

merriment.
Jo'u ISA N c E. »./. \rejouiffancc , Fr.] Jollity^
iriertimcnt; feftivity, Obfolete.

Colin,

J o u

ColtOi mjE dear, when (hall it pleifc tliee Gog,
'•4it thou wert «-ont, fongs of (om^ joulj'aru-f f
Thy mufc loo long rtuinberelh in forrawmg*
Lulled allccp (hroujh love's mifgovcroance. Sj>t>tfer.
'Jo'u8.NAL. adj. \j(>:irnaU, Ft. ghraale, Ita-
lian.] Daily ; quocidian. Out of uie.

Mew 'gan the golden Fhcebui for to Aecp
Kit liery face in billows of the Weil,

And his faint Heeds wuer'du) ocean deep.
Whim from liic'ixjnraaJ labours they did reft.

Fa. Siluan.
Ere twice the fun has made his yt>ar»a/ greeting
To th' under generation, you fhall iind
Your fafcty manilet)«d. SSaifJ^. Mea.for Mtafurt.
Stick to yourywrAo/courfe ; the breach of cuftom
Is breach of all. Hhakefprart's Cymbrlim.

Jo'uRNAL, »i_/I \journal, Fr. giornale, Ita-
lian.]
■J. A diary ; an account kept of daily ttanf-
adions.

Edward kept a mod judicious journal oC all the
principaj paQages of the affairs of his edate.

tluyward oil Ediv. VI.
Time has dtftroyed two nobleyi>w«a/t of the na-
vigation of Hanno and. of Haisilcar. Arbuibnot.
i. Any paper publiflied daily.
Jo'uRNALisT, «.y. [froraya«r«a/.] A writer

of journals.
JOURNEY, n.f. [joumee.Tt.]

1 . The travel of a day.

When Duncan is afleep,
IVhereto the rather (hall this day's hardyo«r«*)i
Soundly invite hiro, Siaie/feare'i Macbtth,

Scarce. the fun
Hath finifhed half hisjiiuriuy. MUien-

2. Travel by land ; diilinguifhed from a
voyage or travel by fea.

So are the horfes of the enemy,
In general ye«r»r)'-batcd and brought low. Shakeff>.

Before the light of the gofpel, mankind travelled
like people in the dark, without any certain profpe^
of the end of their journey, or of the way that led
to it. Rcgirs.

He for the promis'dyo»/-»y) bids prepare
' The fmoolh-hair'd horfes and the rapid car. Pope.

•^3. Paffage from place to place.

Some, having a long yo«r»y from the upper re-
{;ions, would float up and down a good while, Uuiutl.

Liglit of the world, the ruierof ihe year.
Still as thou da'ft thy tihuM jourtiits run '
Through every didant climate own,
That in fair Albion thou haft feen
The grcalcft prince, the brighleft queen. Prior.

fTo Jp'uRNEY. 1;. n. [from the noun,] To
travel; to pa fs from place to place.

Gentlemen of good efteem
Are jcurnrying to falule the emperor. Sbakeffcare,
W« arc journiylng unto the place, of which the
Lordlfaid, I will give it )0U* Numbers,

Since fuch love's natural ilation is, may ftill
My love.defccnd, andycwrr;^' down the hill;
H»t pantingaftergrouing^ beauties, fo
1 (hall ebb on wiih them who homeward go. Donne.
1 haveyetfr/r^frf this morning, and it is now the
heal of the day ; therefore your.lordlliip's difcoiirfcs
♦lad need comcnt my ears very well, to make ihem
iutreat m y eyes to keep open. Bacon,

Over the tent a cloud.
Shall reft by day, a fiery gleam by night.
Save wl'.cn i\\ty jommy. MUton'i Parad'ije Lojl,
Having heated his baiy by jcitrneyhig, lic tuuk
cold uj-'on the ground, H'fftnitin's Surgery,

Jo'uRNEYMAN. It,/, [Jcumce, a day's work,
Fr. and mail.] A.hired workman ; a work-
a»an hired by the day.

They were caiki jour "rymen I h.nt wrought wiili
others by the day, ilioujh now by Itatutc 10 be ex-
tended to Ihofe.likcwifc that coiivcnant lu work in
their uccupa'.ioa with another by the year. Cotcri.

Flaveis have fc ftruited and bellowed, ili,it 1 have
fhoHglit fomeof N4late!sy'<i»r»r>uie» had imiJcmen,
and not made them well. i'hakefptttre't Hawiet.

I intend 10 work for the court m)felf, and will
im/c joui niyituit uuder tne to.luriiifli the reft nf the
iMtion. AdJij'jN.

JOT

j'of'r

Saj« Tro( to Bull, this old roguewill take the ^ufi-

nef» into his hands : we mull ftarve or turn ji,urnty.

men to old Lewis Baboon. Arbulhnot't John Bull.

Jo'cRNEYWORK, ». /. \joumec, Krench,

and luark.'] Work performed for liire ;

work done by the day.

Did no committee lit where he
Might cut out journeyu'erk for thee i
And fet thee a talk with fubornation,
Tofhtch up fale and fcqucftration ? HuJfSras,

Her family (he was forced to hiro out at journey-
^vork to her neighbours, Arhulhnot'i John Bull.

Joust, n.f. \_joitJi, Fr.] Tilt; tourna-
ment; mock fight. It is now written
lefs properly^w/?.

Bafes, and tinfcl trappings gorgeous knights
At joujl and tournament. Milim'i Paradife LoJl.

Tb]ovst. V. a. [jouftd; Fr.] To run in
the tilt.

All who fince
yaufltd in Afpramont or Montalban. ItTillon.

Jo'wLER. n, f. [perhaps corrupted from
h(nul;r, as making a hideous noife after
the game, whom the reft of the pack
follow as their leader.] The name of a
hunting dog or beagle.

See him draw his feeble legs about,
Like hounds ill-coupled : yoTt'/er lugs him f^il!
Through hedges, ditches, and through all this ill.

Dryden

Jo'wTER. n.f, [perhaps corrupted from

jolter.-\

Plenty of fifli is vented to the fifli-drivers, whom

we call joti'iers. Careiv,

}OY. ti.f. [yy?, Fr.^is/a, Italian,]

1. The paffion produced by any happy ac-
cident; gladnefs ; exultation.

ysy is a delight of the mind, from the confider-
ation of the prelent, or alTured approaching poireffion
of a good. Jjicke.

There appears much joy in him; even fo much,
thaty'y could not Ihcw itkifmodell enough without a
badge of bitternefs. Sbukejp,

There fhould not be fuch heavinefs in their uc-
ftruftion, as (hall be joy over them that arc perfuaded
to falvation. 2 ^dr.

The lighlfome pafTlon oi joy was net that trivial,
vanilhing, fuperlicial thing, that only gilds the ap.
prehenfion, and plays upon the lurface of the fuul.

Souti,

2. Gaiety ; merriment ; feftivity.

The roofs with /o;' refound;
And Hyinen, io Hymen, rungaround. -Drydtn.

3. Happinefs ; felicity.

My lord Baflanio, and my gentle latiy,
I wiih you all thcyy thut you can wi(h, Shaieff,

Come, love and health to all;
Then I'll fit down : give me fome xvine :
I drink to the generaly'yi of the whole tabiCi Sbnk\

Almeyda I'milingcame,
Attended with a train ol all her r.ict.
Whom in the rage of empire I h.ij murder'd;
BiU now, no longer foes, they gave mzjoy
()i my new conquett. Dryden' s Din SebaJiUn,

The bride,
Lovely herfelf, and lovely by her fide,
A bevy of bright nympths, with Ibbcr grace,
Cameglitt'ring like a tbr, andtook her place:
H»r heav'uly form beheld, all wifli'.d \xxjoy;
And little- wanted, bnt in TSiiDi their wilhcs all em-
ploy. Dryden.

4. A term of fomlnefs.

Now our joy.
Although our lalt, yet not our leaft young love,
What fay you .' Shukefptare't King. Le.w.

To Jor. 1; 71, [f'rom the noun,] 1 o re-
joice; to he glad; to exult.

Sometimes 1 j^y, when ^lad occalion fitJ)
And malk-in mirth like to 1 comedy ;

Soon alter, when my joyio forrow flits,
I .will make my vuks a Iragedy. Sptnf&.

I C3iii:ot/'!;', until 1 be relblw'd
Where cur right vaiiaat father is become.

Sij,,ke/p. II. VI

Me will joy oTcr thee with finginj. Zepb. m. %1-

I will rejoice in the l^rd, I WMjoy in the Goioi
my falvation. Hai.uuti.

Exceeding the more joyed we for the joy o(
Titus, becauTo hii fpjrit w^ rcfrcfhed by yn.

» Cor. vti. IJ.

They laugh, we weep ; thev/y( while w« bmeat<

Fuirf.

No man imparleth hi» joys to his friend. But he
joyelh the more; and uo man impartcth hisgrieli,
but he grieveth the left, Baeon'i ^ay.

Well then, my foul, jry in the midft of pain ;
Thy Chrift that conquer'd hell, (hall from abo**

With greater triumph yer return agam.
And conquer his own jattice wuh his loye. IVoltm.

fv 'hou.
In what he gives to thee, this paradife.
And thy fair Eve, Milton's Paradife Lejff.

Their cheariul age with honour youth attends,
yoy'd that from f kafure's ilav'ry they are free,

Denban.

To Jot. t-. a.

1. To congratulate ; to entertain kindly.

_ Like us they love or hate, like-usthey know
To joy the friend, or grapple with the foe, Prhr,

2. To gladden ; to exhilcrate.

She went to Pamela, meaning to delight her eyes
and,/o|' her thoughts with the oonverfatioo of her be-
loved lifter. Sid»a,

My foul W3S jy'd in vain;
For angry Neptune rouj'd the raging main. Pope,

3. [fouir de, French.] To etljoy ;, to
have happy poffeffion of.

Let us hence.
And let \xTJoy her ravtn-coliMir'J love.

^bak. Th, Andr.
I might haveliv'd, andyVy'^/immoreilMifs,
Yet willingly chofe rather death with thee. MIUkk.

Th' Ufurperyi}.'iy not long
His ill-got crown. Drydtn's Spawjb Piyar.

Joy'ance, n. f, [jmaiit, olti French.]
Gaiety ; feftivity. Obfolete.

Bring home with you the glor^' of her gain ;
With /y.iwf,- bring iicr, and wii'h jollitv. Sptnfer,

'there him rclis in riotous fuffifan'ce,
Of all h IS giadful nefs and ki nglv jr.yanct, Sfetrfr.
]o'Ytvi..adJ. [yy and /»//.]

1. Full of joy; gJad ; exulting.

They blelTed the king, and went unto their teirts

joyful and glad of heart. i Kings.

My foul (hall be joyful in my God. Ifa, Ui, 10.

2. Sometimes it has of before the caufc of
joy.

Six brave companions from each (hip we loll:
With fails ouifpread we fly th' unequal ftrifc.
Sad for their lofs, but joyful yourlile. Pcpe's Ody^.

Jo'yfully. adv. [fromyy/a/.] NVithjtiy ;
gladly.

If we no more meet till we meet in hcav'n,
ThinjayfiMy, my noble lord of Bedford,
And my kind kinfmen, wariiours all, adieu. Shak,

Never did men mote joy/u'ly obey,
Or fooner undeiftood the lign to fiie :

With fuch alacrity they bore away.
As if to praife them all the ftatcs ftood by. Dryden.

The good Chfiftian confiders pains only as nc-
cc(rary palTagcs to a glorious immoitalily; that,
through this dark fcene of fancied horror, fees a
crown and a throne, a.Td cverlafting bielVmgs prepared
for h\m, joyfully receives his fummons, as he has
long impatiently expefted it. IVake.

Jo'YFULKtss. w./. [{torn joyful,] Glad-
nefi ; joy,

Thott Icrvedft not the Lord thy God with jcyful-
nfs, andwith gladnefs of heart, lor the abundance of
all thing!-. De^t.

Jo'yless. i»^'. [fiom joy,]

I. Void of joy; fceling.no pleafure.

A little joy enjoys the queen thereof;
fori amlhe,andaltogethcr>y,/». i'A.aiff/J,. R. III.

With dowij-cart eyes ibejoylefs viitor lat,
Revolving in his altei 'd foul

The various turns of chance below :
And r.owi and their a figh he ftolt.

And tears begaii to tkjw. Dryd. Alex.tnd.-r' 1 Feaft,

z. It has foraetimes cf before the object.

I R E

With two falre>-e» hU miftrefs burnj his bKafi ;
fe looks and Ungiiidies, and leaves his rell;
Forfjkes his I'ood, ar:d pining for the lapi,
tt ioyJi/' o( the grove, aad ff urns the growing gr.ifs.
• ^ f*-^ ' Drju/tn.

3, Giving no pleafu re.

KJoyUfi, difinal, black, and forrowful ilTue :
Here is .T babe, at loathfome as 1 tojd. Shakrfp.

Here Love his golden Ihafti employs; here lights
His cooftant lamp, aod wave^ hi; purple wmgs;
Reigri here, and revc'.s : not In the bought fmiles
Of hirlots, loyelefs.yVj/f/s, unendear'd,
Gifual fruition. MUtm's Faradijt LoJI.

The pnre in heart (hall fee God ; and it any otluri
l»uld fo invade this their indofure, as to take heaven
by violence, itfurely would be a vzrjjoylifs poffeffion.

Decay of Fitly,

He forgets his deep, arJ loaths his food.
That youth, and health, and wir arcy^/.'^to bim.

Atiitifott.

Ja'Vous. adj. \joyeux, Fr.]

1. Glad; gay; merry.

Moft j'.youi man, on whom the Oiining fun
Did (hew his face, mjfeif I did efteem,
And that my falfer friend did no lefs/yjij deem.

fairy Suetn.

fzyous the birds; fredi gales and gentle aivs
Whrfper-d il. Milton.

Then yo)!!Br birds frequent the lonely grove.
And bealts, by nature Itung, renew their love. Dryd.

Fad by her flow'ry bank the fons of Areas,
lav'ritesol lieav'o, with happy care protect
Their fleecy charge, laijcyiut drink her wave. Prior.'

2. Giving joy.

They all a> glad as birds of jiyaiu prime.
Thence led her forth, about her daiwing rou«d.

Fairy ^tietrt,

3. It has ef fometiraes before the caufe of

jojr.

Rotind our death-bed ev'ry friend Ihould run,
And/oysB' o/"our conqueft early won;
W>iile"the malicious world with envious tears
Should grudge oa» happy end, and wifli it theirs.

Drydrn.

Iteca-cua'sba. «./. [An Indian plant.]

IfaaeHanha, is a fmall irregularly contorted root,
rough, denfe,and firm. One fort is of a duiky jreyifh
colour on ih'e furface, and of a paler grey when
kroken, brought from Peru : the other fort is a
fmaller root, refembling the former; but it is of
a deep dufky brown on the outfide, and while when
broken, brought from the Brafils. The grey ought
to be preferred, bccaufe the brown is apt to operate
more roughly. W'^'J Malb. Mtd.

Iua'scible. adj. {irafcililh, low La t. /><?/'-

ctble, Fr.] Partaking of the nature of

anger.

The irafcibU palTioni follow the temper of the
bean, and the concupifcible diftrailionson the crafts
of the liver. B-ow!.

I know more than one inftaitce of irafcibU paflions
iiib lucd by a vegetable diet. Arbuthnu in AlimtKls.

We are here in the country furrounded with
blefiingt and pleafures, without any occafion of eier-
cifing out irafcibU faculties. i^igh " P"!"-

IRE. «./. [Fr. ;Va, Lat.] Anger; rage;
paflionate hatred.

She lik'd nor his defire ;
Vain would be free, but dreaded parents ire. SiJncy.

If I digg'd up thy fotelather's graves,
Atid hung their rotten coffins up in chains.
It could not flake mine irt, nor eafe my heart. S'uak.

Or Neptune's ire, or Juno's, that fo long
Ferplti'd the Greek and Cytbcrea's fon. Miliitr.
The fenleoce, from thy head remov'd, may liijht
On roe, fole caufc to thee of all this woe ;
Me! me! only juft objpft of his /V» Mi/im,

For this ih' avenging pow'r employs his dans,
Atul empliet all his quiver in our hearts;
Thus will perfift, relentlefs in his ire.
Till the fair flave be render'd to her fire. Drydm.
yk.EFUL. adj. [ire and fiiJi-] Angry;
raging; furious.

The irrfiti baftard Orleans, that drew blood
Tiaa tittc, ny boy, I f««a emeuatcicd. iiairfii.

I R O

By many hands your father was fubdu'J;
But onlv flaughter'd by the Ireful arm
Ol Uiirilenting Clitferd. Shakefp. HenrjrW.

Their learn'd this tnaid, of arms the ireful %u\(t.

Fairfax,
In midft of all the dome Misfortune fat,
.And gloomy Diiconteni, and fell Debate,
And Madnefs laughing in his ireful mood. Drjdeit,
rRFFULLV. ad'j. [from fVf.] With ire;

in an angry manner.
VRIS. v.f. [Latin.]

1. Ihe rainbow.
Befide the folary IrU, which God (heweth unto

Noah, there is another lunary, whole efficient is the
moon. Brown,

2. Any appearance of light refembling the
rainbow.

When both bows appeared more diftin£^, I iltea-
furcd the beeadth of the interior iris a gr. 10'; and
the breJdth of the red, yellow, and green in the ex-
terior iris, was to the breadth of the fame colours in
the interior 3 to 1. Newton's Oft.

J. The circle roand the pupil of the eye.
4.. The flower-de-luce.

Iris all hues, rofes and jeflamine. MilluH.

TolRK. nj. a. [_^iif, work, Iflandick.] This
word is ufed only imperfonally, // irks
me; mihi pcene efi , it gives me pain; or,
lam weary of it. Thus the authors of the
accidence fay, tredtt, it irketb.

Come, ihall we go and kill us vcnifon?
And yet it irk$ me, the poor dappled fools
Should, in their own conHnes, with forked lieadsr
Have their round haunches gor'd. Sbakefp.

It irits his heart, he cannot be reveng'd. Shakefp,
I'rksome. adj. [from hi.'] Wearifome;
tedious; troublefome ; toilfome; tire-
fome ; unpleafin:r.

I know Ihe is an iritfimi brawling fcold. Sbaiefp.
Since that thou can'll talk of love fo well.
Thy company, whiih erft was irlifme to me,
1 will endure. Utaiifp. As you like it

Where he may likelieft find
Truce to his rcltlefs thoughts, and entertain
The ifkf'jme hours till his great chief return. Milttn.

For not to irkjome toil, but to delight
He made us, and delight to reafon join'd. Milton.
There is nothing fo iikfome as general difcourfcs,
efpccially when they turn chiefly upon words.

Aadifn's Speflalor.

Frequent appeals from hence have been very ;»-

fame to that illuftrious body. Xwift.

I'ltKsoMELY. ad-v. [from iri/ome.^ Weari-

fomely ; tedioully.
I'uKsoMENES*. v.f. [fcom t'rkAme.'\ Te-

dioufnefs; v/earifomenefs.
TRON. a./. [^a/«™, Welfh; ifepn, ipen,

Saxon ;. torn, Erfe.]
I. A metal common to all f>arfs of the
world. Though the lighteft of all metals
except tin, it is confidcrably the hardeft;
and when pure, naturally malleable : when
wrought into fteel, or when in the im-
pure ftate from its tirft fufion, it is fcarce
msllcable. Mof! of the other met.iis are
brittle, while they arc hot ; but this is
moft malleable as it appronches neareft to
fufion. The fpecifick gravity of iron is
to water as 7632 is to 1000." It is the
only known fubftnnce that is attrafted by
the loadftone. Iron has greater inedi-
cinal virtues than any of theoth«r metals.

Bill.

MFor airlefr dungron, nor IVrOflg links of iron.
Can be retentive to the (Irength of fpirit. Sirakifp.

If he fmitc him with an inftrument of iron, lo
that he die, he is a murderer. Nunib. xxxv. ib.

The power of drawing iron 19 one ot the ideas ot a
loodftane, ani) to bf fn diawn, is a part ai that of iron.

Uck,.

I R O

In a piece oi iron ore, of a ferruginous colour, are
fcvcral thin plates, placed parallel to each other.

H'ood^varJ.

There are incredible quantities of iron flag itv

various parts of the toreft of Dean. IJ^ocdvarJ,

Iron ilone lies in ftrata. H^oodumrd t/w h'ffils.

I treated of making /Vim work, aod Heel work.

Moxait.
2. Any inftrument or utenfil made of iron :
as, a flat iron, box iro», or fmoothing inn.
In this fenfe it has a plural.

Irons of a doit, doublets that hangmen would
Bury with thofe that wore them, thefe bafe flaves.
Ere yet the fight be done, pack up. Stak.Corlo/axut,

O 1 hou I whofe captain I account myfclf,-
Look on my forces with a gracious eye:
Put in their hands thy bruifing irorrs of wralh.
That they may crufli down with a heavy fall
Th' ufurping helmets trf' our adverfaries, SJ!>, R. ttl,*

Can'ft thou fill his (kin with barbed ir-ons, or his
htad with tilhfpears ? yoi, ili.'].

For this your locks in paper-durance bound ?
For this with lort'ring irons vnTeath'd around f Fofr.

3. Chain; (hackle; manacle: as, he was

put in iront.

The iron entered into his foul . Pfalmt. Com. Prayer.

His feet they hurt with fetters; he was-laid in

irons. Pf

I'ron. adj.

1. Made of iron*

In iron walls they deemM me not fccure. Shakefp,

Get me ai iron aow, and bring it rtraiglit
Unto my cell. Shakefp. Romeo and Jullel.

Some are of an iron red, ihitiing and polite ;
otlieis not polite, but as if powdered with ironiu^.

^oodivard.

Pole-cats and weefels do a great deal of injury ta
warrens ; the way of taking them is in hutches, aai
iron traps. Mortimer,

2. Refembling iron in colotir.

A piece of (tone of a dark iron grey coloui*, but-

in fome parts of a ferruginous colour. If'cod'ti'ard.

Some of them arc of an iron red, and very bright,

IVood'WjtTd on Fofjiis.

3. Harfh ; fevere; rigid; miferable ; ca»
lamitous : as, the iron age for an age of
hardftiip and wickedncfs, 'Ihefe ideas
may be found more or lefs in all the fol-
lowing examples.

Three vigorous virgins, waiting ftill behind
Aflilt the throne of th' iroti fceptcr'd king. Crafl^a'Wt

O fad virgin, that thy power
Might bid the foul of Orpheus ling
Suth notes as warbled to the Itring,
Drew iron tears from Pluto's cheek.
And made hell grant what love did leek. Milton.

In all my iron years of wars and dangers.
From blooming youth down to decaying age.
My fame ne'er knew a (lain of difhonour. Rovje^

Jove crulh the nations with an iron rod.
And cv'ry monarch be the fcourge of God, Pope,

4. IndifToiuble ; unbroken.
Rafh Elpcnor, in an evil hour,

Dry'd an imineafurabic bowl, and thought
'f ' exhale his furfeit by irriguous fltep.
Imprudent: him death's iron ileep opprefl. Phillies,

J. Hard; impenetrable.

I. will convcife with //*??-witted fools,
And unrclpCi^tive boys: none aie for me.
That look into mc with conlidcratc eyes. Shakefp,

To 1'k ON. V. a. [from th"!; nouni]

1. To fmooth wilhan iron.

2. 'I o ihatkle with irons.
lRo'i»tCAt. adj. [irmlquc, Fr. from irony.\

Kxprflling one thing and meaning ai»«
other; fpeaking: by contraries.

In this failcicy may be comprifed all ironical
midakcs, or exprelTions receiving inverted figiiitica-
tions. lirou'n,

I take all your /rfxirj/ civilities in a literal fenfe,
and (hall expeft them to be literally performed.

Stvtftt

Iro'nicah.y. ad<v. [from ironicn/.] By

the ufe of i^3ny.
' ' Socrates

I RR

SoCMKs wu pronounced by the oncle of Dtlphos
to be the wifeft man of Greece, which he would turn
from himfelt ircitkall); faying, There could be no-
thing in him to verity the oracle, except this, (hat
he was not *ife, and knew if, and otheiJ were not
wife, and knewit not. Bacon.

The dean, ironicttUy grava,
Still ihunuM the fool, and Ulh'd the knave. Siuifi.
Ironmo'ngbr. M,/.\iron and CTW^tr.J A-
• ■ dealer in iron.

I'ronwood. w. /. A kind of wood ex-
tretrftly hard, and fo ponderous as to
•fink in water. It grows in America.

Robinjon Crufoe.
I'JIONWORT. «./. \Jiderith,\AX.\ A plant.

Miller.

I'aony, adj. \_(xova iron.'] Made of iron;

partaking of iron. > .

The force they arc under l8Teal, and that of their

fcte but imaginary : it is not ftrange if the irony

■ chains have more falidity than the contemplative.

Hammond's Fundammlali.

Some fprings of Hungary, highly impregnated

«ith vitriolick falts, diffolve the body of one metal,

fuppofe iron, put into the fpring ; and depofit, in lieu

of the hony particles carried off, coppery part.cjes.

IVoodvtrd on Ftjph.

IRONY, w. /. \ironu, Fr. .'w«»«i».l A

mode of fpeech iii which the meaning is

"contrary to the words: as, EoUngbnke

tuas a holy man.
So grave a body, upon fo folemn an occalion,
■ ftould not deal in irony, ot explain their meaiHi^ by
contraries. _ """{ '

Irra'diance."! «./. [irradianee, trench;

Ikrr'dia-kcv. J iVraA'o, Latin.]

1. Emiffion of rays or beams of light upon

any objeft.

The principal affeaion is its tranflucencyt the
irradiancy and fparkling, found in many.gemf, is
not difcoverable in this. Bro-un's Vulgar Errourt.

3. Beams of light emitted.

Love not theTieav'nly fpirits! Or do they mix
/rraJ/iWf virtual, or immediate touch? _ Mdion.
"To Irra'diate. 11. a. [irradio, Latm.J _
I. ToTidorn with light emitted upon it;

to brighten.

When he thus perceives thlt thefe opacousliodies
Bo i»ol hinder the eye from judging light to have an
equal plenary diffufion through the whole place it
irradiates, he can have no difficulty to allow air,
that is diaphanous, to be every where mingled with I
light. ^'Sh "• Bodies.

'it is not a converting but a crowning ^ace ; fuch

an one as irradiates and puts a circle of glory about

the head of him upon whom it defcends. South.

2 To enlighten; to illumine; to illuminate.

Ccleftial light
Shine inward, and the mind through all her pow'rs
Irradiate; there plant eyes; all mift from thence
Puige and difpcrfc. Miltoi's Paradije L<Jl.

rt. To animate by heat or light.

.Ethereal or folar heat muft digeft, influence, ir-
radiate, and put ihofe more fimple parts of matter
into motion. . . . lUle.

A. To decorate with ihming ornaments.

No weeping orphan faw his father's (lore
'Our (hrines irradiate, or imblaie the floor. Pofe.
Jrradia'tion. »./. [irradiatioa, ft. {torn

inadiale.]
I . The aft of emitting beams of light.

If light were a body, it fhould drive away the air,
which is likewife a body wherever it is admitted; for
within the whole fphere of the irradiation of it,
there is no point but light is found.

Dighy on Bodies.

The generation of bodies is not effected by irradi*
ation, or anfwerably unto the propagation of light ;
but herein a tranfmiflion is made materially from
Tome parts, and ideally from every one.

.Brown's Vulgar Hrrour:.

3. Illumination J iatelleftual light.

Thelrif ans of immediate union of thefe inlelligiMe
objefls to the underflaiiding, at« fometimes divine
and fupernatural, as by immediate irradiation or
revelation. ^''''■

IRRA'TIONAL. adj. [irrationalis, Lat.]

1 . Void of reafon ; void of underftanding ;
wanting the difcourfive faculty.

■Thos began
Outrage from lifelefs things : but difcord firft
Daughter of fin, among th' irrational
Death introduc'd. Milton's Paradife Leift.

He hath eat'a and lives.
And knows, and fpeaks, and reafons and difcerns ;
Irrational til! then . Milton's Paradije Ldji.

2. Abfurd; contrary to reafon.

Since (he brain is only a part tranfrnittcnt, and
that humours oft are precipitated to the lungs before
they arrive to the brain, no kind of benefit can be
eiTe^ied from fo irrational an application.

Harvey on Confumptions .

I (hall quietly fubmit, not wifhing fo irrational

a thing as that every body (hould be deceived. Pofe.

Irrationa'lity. a. /. [from irrational.^

■^ant of reafon.
Irra'tionally. ad-j. [from iri^tional.^

Without reafon ; abfurdly.
Irreclaimable, adj. [/nand reclfiimabU.'\
Not to be "reclaimed; not to be changed
to the better.

As for obftinate, irreclahnable, proftfled enemies,
■H-e mufttxpedl their calumnies will continue.

Addijon's Freeholder.
IrrecOnci'lable. adj. [irrecoHcileable, Fr.

in and reconcilaile.]
I, Not to be recalled to kindnefs; not to
be appeafed.

Wage eternal war.
Irreconcilable to our grand foe. Milton.

A weak unequal fadlion may animate a govern

ment ; but when it grows equal in llrength, and iV-
reconcihil/le by animofitj', it cannot end without
fome ciifis. 7Vm*/r.

There are no faftions, though irreconcilable to
one another, that are not united in their aflfeftion to
you. . Dryden.

'.. Not to be made confiftent ; it has •with
or to. I

As (he was (Iriflly virtuous herfelf, fo (he always
put the beft conftruflion upon the words and ad^ions
of her neighbours, except where they were irrecon-
tilaile to the rules of honetVy and decency.

ArhuiljHot's Hijl. ojjohn Bull.
Since the fenfe I oppofe is attended -with fuch
grofs irreconcilaile abfurJities, I prefume I need not
olTerariy thing farther in fupportof tlie one, or in
difproof of the other. Rogers.

This elTential power of gravitation or attraSion is
irrecoHciUble -with jhe Atheift's own doflrine of a
chaos. Bentley.

All that can be tranfmilled from the ftars is wholly
unaccountable, and irreconcilable to any fyftem of
fcicnce. Bentley.

IrreconCi'lableness. n.f. [from irrecon-
cilable.'] ImpofTibility to be reconciled.
IrreCONCi'laBly. adii. [from irrecor.-
cilable.] In a manniy not admitting re-
conciliation.
Irreconci'led. adj. [la and reconciled.']
Not atoned.
A fer^ant dies in many irreccmctlei iniquities.

Sialiejpeare.
Irreco'veRABLE. adj. [in and recrverable.]
Not to be regained; not to be reftored
or repaired.

Time, in a natural fenfe, is irrecoverable : the
moment juft fled by us, it is impoflible to recal.

Rogers.

. Not to be remedied.

The irrecoverable lofs of fo many livings of prin-
cipal value. Hoohr.

It concerns every man, thit would not trifle away

his foul, and fool himfelf into it recoverable mifery,

,1 wiUJ the jreitell ferioufnefs to enquire. 'tiUetJir,

Irreco'verably.<i</x'. [from/r«f8«/rflii!?.]
Beyond recover}-; paft repair.

O dark, dark, dark amid' the blare of noon;
htecov'rably dark, total ctlipfc.
Without all hope of day. Milton's AgmiJIes.

The credit of the Exchequer is irruavrraily loit
by the lad breach with the bankers. lemyle.

Irredu'cible. adj. [in and redncibie.]
Not to be brought or reduced.

Thefe ohfcrvations fcem to argue (he corpufcles of

air to be irreducible into water. Biyl .

IrREFRAGABi'lITY. »./. [from irrefrar.

able.] Strength of argument not to oc
refuted.
IRREFRA'GABLE. adj. [irrefrogalilii,
fchool Latin ; irrefragable, Fr.J Not to
be confuted ; fuperior to arguinental op-
pofuion.

Strong and irrefragable the evidences of Chriftl-
anity inuft be : they who refilled thcui would refilt
cvcrv thing. Attcrhury's Sermons.

The danger of introducing unexperienced men
wa5 ui^ed as an irrefragable reafon for working by
flow degrees. Swift.''

Irrefra'cably. adv. [from irrefragable.]
With force above confutation.

That they denied a future ftite is evident from

St. Paul's rcafonings, which are of no force but only

on that luppofition, as Otigen largely and irrejru-

gaily proves. _ Atterbury.

Irri;fu'table. adj. [irrefutabilis, Latin.]

Not to be overthrown by argument.
IRRE'GULAR. adj. [irregtilier, Fr. itregu-
laris, Latin.]

1. Deviating from rule, cuftom, or nature.

The am'rous youth
Obtain'd of Venus his defire,
Howe'er irregular his fire. Prior.

2. Immethodical ; not confined to any cer-
tain rule or order.

This motion feenvslxcentrique and irregular, yet
not well to be refitted or quieted. King Ciar'es.

Regular
Then moft, when moft irregular they feem.

Milton.

The numbers of pindariques are wild and irreru-

lar, and fometimes feem harlh and uncouth. Co^vlry.

3. Not being according to the laws of
virtue. A foft word for 'vicious.

Irregula'rity. n. f. [irregularite, Fr.
from irregular.]

1 . Deviation from rule.

2. Negleft of method and order.

Thvs irregularity of its unruly and tumultuous
motion might aflbrd a beginning unto the common
opinion. Brown.

As thefe vaft hops of mountains are thrown to-
gether with l"o much irrigu/arity and confufion, they
form a great variety of hollow bottoms. Addijon

3. Inordinate praftice ; vice.

Religion is fomewhat lefs in danger of corruption,

while the linner acknowledges the obligations of his

duty, and is alhamed of his irregularities. Rogers.

-Irre'gularly. ad'v. [from irregular.]

Without obfervation of rule or method.

Phaeton,
By the wild courfers of his fancy drawn.
From Eall to WelV irregularly hurl'd,
Firit fet on tire himfelf, and then the world. Dryd,

Your's is a foul irregularly great,
Wliich wanting temper, yet abounds with heat.

DryJer,
It may give fome light to thofe whofe concern for
their little ones makes them (oimguLirly bold at
fo confult their own reafon, in the education of their
children, rather than to rely upon old cuftom. Locke,
To Irre'gulate. "v. a. [from in and
regiila, Latin.] To rtiake irregular; to
diforder.

Its flufluations are Vut motions fubfervient, whith
winds, (heUes, ud every isterjavCDcy irteiulates.

Hrvwn.

Irrela'tivi.

I R R

Irre'lativs. <7<^'. [r/t and n/afivui, Lsf.]
Having no reference to an/ thing ; fingle j
onconnefted.

Separated by tKe voice of God, things in their

fpecies came out in uncommunicated varieties, and

irrelalivA feminalitie^, Brovjn^s l^ulgar Errours,

Irreli'gion. n.f. \Jrrelighn, Fr. in and

relighn-l Contempt of religion ; impiety.

The weapons with which I combat irrtlirion are

already confecrated, Vrj-Jen.

We behold every inflance of prophanenefs and />-

religion, not only committed, hut defended and

gloried in, ^ Rogers.

Irreli'gious. (7<^'. [irreligieux, Fr. /» and

religioui.']
I, Contemning religion ; impious.

The iffae of an iVrfiij^/iKf Moor, .Sbakefp,

Whoever fees thefe irreligioui men.
With burthen of a ficJcncfs weak and faint,
But hears them talking of religion then.
And vowing of their fouls to ev'ry faint. Dazries.
Shame and reproach is generally the portion ' of
the impious and irreligious. South,

t. Contrary to religion.

Wherein that fcripture itandeth not the church
of God in any ftead, or fcrveth notliing at all to
diteA, but may be let pafs ai needlcfc to be confolted
with, we judge it profane, impious, and irreligious
to think. H:oker.

Might not the ijueen's domefticks be obliged to
avoid fwearing, and irreligious profane difcourfe ?

S-wifi.
Irr ELi'ciousLY. adi'. [from irreligiou].'\

With impiety ; with irreligion.
Irre'meable. aJ-v. \_iriemcabilis, Latin.]
Admitting no return.

TheJUeeper charm'd, the chief without delay

Pafs'd on, and took th' irremeable way. Drfden.

Irreme'di ABLE. ffi//. [irremediable, Fr. in

anA remeJiable.'\ Admitting no Cure; not

to be remedied.

' They content ihemfeWes with that which was the

irremedijtle erroT oi torma times, or the neceflity

of the prefent hath call upon them. Hooker.

A Heady hand, in military affairs, is more re-

quifite than in peace, becaufe an error committed in

war may prove irremediable. Bacon.

Whatever he confulls you about, unlefs it lead to

fome fatal and irrenudiebte mifchief, be fure you ad-

vife only as a friend. Locke.

I » R E M e'd I A B L y . aiv. [from irremediable.']

Without cure.

It happens to us irremediably and inevitably, that
we may perceive thele accidents are not the fruits of
our labour, but gifts of Ood. Tayhr's Iforthy Comm.

Ik REMISSIBLE, eidi. \in 2nd remitto, hat.
irremijjible, French.] Not to lie pardoned.

Ikremi'ssibleness. n. /. [(lom irremrj/i-
ble.] The quality of being not to be par-
doned.

Thence arifcs the aggravation and irremiJJibUnefs
•f the fin. liammQitd on Fundamentals.

I» R r Mo'v A B L E . adj. [/« and remr.-ve.] Not
to be moved ; not to be changed.

He is irremwable,
Refolv'd for flight. Shakcffeare't Winter's Tale.
Irreno'wned. tf(^'. [in and reito-wn.] Void
of honour. We now far, nnrtnoivned.

For all he did was to deceive good knights.
And draw ihcm from purfuit of praifc and fame

1 o lluggilh floih ami fenfual delights,
Vkndend ihcir daysin /VrrmiviKi/fhame.

t'atry Queen.
Irke PARABLE, adj. \irrttarahilis,\M\n;
irreparalle, French.] Not to be recover-
ed ; not to be repaired.

Irreparable it the lofs, and Patience fayt it it not
part her cure. Shakeff. T.mfejl.

Toil'd with lofi irrefiarable, Militm.

It IS an irreparable jnjufkice we are guilty of, when
we are prejudiced by U>e lookt of thofe whom we do
not know. Addihn.

VpuL

r R R

The ftory of Deucalion and Pyrrha teaches, that
piety and innocence cannot mifs of the divine pro-
teilion, and that the only lofs irreparable is that of
our probity. "

Garth.

Irre'parably, adv. [from irreparable.']

Without recovery ; without amends.

Such adventures befall artii^s irreparably . Boyle.

The cutting off that time induftry and gifts,

whereby Ihe would be nourilhed, were irreparably

injurious to her. Decay ofPieiy.

Jr.reple'vi ABLE. adj. [in and refle^y.'\

Not to be redeemed. A law term.
Irreprehe'nsible. adj. [irreprehenftble,
Fr. irref) ehenfibilii. Latin.] Exempt from
blame.
Irreprehe'nsibly. adz). [itovn irrefrehen-

Jib'.e.'\ Without blame.
Irreprese'ntablk. adj. [/wand reprefent.]
Not to be figured by any reprefentaiion.

Cod's irreprrfentable nature doth hold againrt
making images of God. Stillingjleei.

Irrepro'achable. adj. [in and reproach,
able] Free from blame; free from re-
proach.

He was a ferious lincere Chrifllan, of an innocent,
irreproaeliaile, nay, exemplar}- iife. Atterbury,

Their prayer may be, that they may raife up and
breed as irrepmachabU a young family as (heir pa-
rents have done. . Pope.
Irrepro'achably. adv. [from irreproach-
able.] Without blame ; without reproach.
Irrepro'veable. adj. [in and repro-vtable.]

Not to be blamed ; irreproachable.
Irresistibi'lity. n.f [from irrejiflible.]
Power or force above oppofition.

The doitrine of irrejtjiibility of grace, if it be ac-
knowledged, there is nothing to be afKxt to gratitude.

Hammond.
Irrksi'stible. adj. [irrejijlible, Fr. in and
rejiftible.] Supenour to oppofition.

Fear doth grow from an apprehcnfion of the
Deity, indued with irrejijlible power to hurt ; and is
of all affciftions, anger excepted, the unapteft to admit
conference with reafon. Hooker.

In mighty quadrate join'd

Ofunion irrrJiJiibU.. Milton.

Fear of God is inward acknowledgment of an holy

juft Being, armed with almighty and inejijlible

power. Tilloifon.

There can be no difference in the fubjefts, where

the application is almighty and irrepftible, as in

creation. R'.gers.

Irresi'stibly. adv. [from irre/_fiible.] In

a manner not to be oppofed.

Cod irrejij/bly fways all manner of events on
'"rth. Drydfn.

Fond of pleafing and endearing ourfclves to thofe
we efteem, we are irrejijlibly led into the fame incli-
nations and averfions with them. Rogers.

Irresi'stless. adj. [A barbarous ungram-
matical conjuntStion of two negatives.]
Irrefiftable; refiftlcfs.

Thofe radiant eyes, whofe irrefsjilefs flame
Strikes Eivy dumb, and keeps Sedition tame,
They can to gazing multitudes give law.
Convert the faflious, and the rebel awe. Gtantiille.
Irrr'soluble. adj. [in and refolubilis.
Latin.] Not to be broken; not to be
difTolvcd.

In fatiiitious fal ammoniac the common and
urinous falls are fo well mingled, that both in the
open fire and in fubliming velTels they rife together
as one fait, which feems in fuch velfclt irrefoluble
by fire alone. Boyle.

Irre'solubleness. n.f. [from irrefoluble.]
Refiftance to feparation of the parts.

Quercetanus, has this confcffiOB of the irrefoluble-
neft of diamonds. , . Boyle,

Irr eso'lvedly. adf. [in and refohed,]
Without fettled detcrminatioD.

51 R R

Divmof my friends have thought It ftrahge'f*
hear me fpeak fo irrejol-vedly concerning thofe
things, which fome take to be the elements, an!
others the principles of all mixed bodies. Boyk.

Irre^solute. adj. [irrefolti, Fr. in and
rejblute.j] Not conftant in purpofe j not
determined.

Where he evil us'd, he would outgo
His father, by as much as a performance
Does an irr folate pui pofc. Shakefp. Henry VIII.

Him after long debate, irrejilutc
Of thoughts revolv'd, his final feiuence chofe
Fit vclTci, (itielt imp of fraud, in whom
To en ler. Milton 's Paradife Lcfl.

To make reflexions upon what ispalV, is the part
of ingenious hiit irrrf Jute men. Temple.

SoMyrrha's mind, impell'd^jn either fide.
Takes ev'ry bent, but cannot long abide j
Inefolute on which (he fliould rely,
At Ijll unfix'd in all, is only fix'd to die. Dryden,
Irre'solutely. adv. [from irrejolule.]
Withouhfirmnefsof mind ; without de-
termined purpofe.
Irresolu'tion. «. /. [irrefolution, Fr. in
and refoltiiion.] Want of firmnefs of mind.
It halh moft force upon things that have the
lighten motion, and therefore upon the fpiriis of
men, and in tliem upon fuch afteaions as move
liglueft i as upon men in fear, or men in iriejllution.
Bacon's Natural Hijioiy,
Irrefolution on the fcheiujs of life, which offer
themfelvcs to our choice, and inconftaiicy in pur-
fuing them, are the grcateft caufcs of all our un-
happinefs. Addifon.

Irrespective, adj, [in and refpeaive]
Having no regard to any circumftances.

Thus did the Jew, by perfuading himfcll ol his

particular irrejpetlive eledlion, think it I'afc to run

into all fins! Han.

According to this dotflrine, it muft be refolvcd

wholly into the abfolute irrejpedive will of God.

Rogers,
Irresp e'cti ve ly. adv, [from irrefpeaive,^
Without regard to circumftances.

He is convinced, tiial all the promifes bslong to
him abfolutely and irrefpeHivcly. Hammond.

Ir ret rie'v ABLE, adj, [in and retnCve.]
Not to be repaired ; irrecoverable; irre-
parable.
Irr E TR I e'v A B i.-f.adv, [from irrelrievable,]
Irreparably ; irrecoverably.

It would not defray the charge of the extraffion,
and therefore mufl have been all irretrieitably loft,
and ufelefs to mankind, was it not by this means
colleaed. IVaad-ward.

Irre'verence. n.f. [irreverentia, Latin;
irreverence, French ; in and revence,]

1. Want of reverence ; want of veneration ;
want of refpeft.

Having feen obr fcandalous irreverence towards
God's worlhip in general, 'tis eafy to make applica-
tion to the fcveral paits of it. Decay of Piety,

Tlicy were a fort of attributes, with which it was
a matter of religion to falute them on all occafions,
and which it was an irre'verence to omit. Pope.

2. State of being difregarded.
The concurrence of the houle of peers in that fury

pan be imputed to no one thing more than to the
irreverence and fcorn the judges werejuftly in, who
had been always looked upon there as the oracles of
the law. Clarendon.

Irr E'vEREN*r. adj, [irreverent, Fr. in and

. reverent,] Not paying due homage or

reverence ; not exprefling or conceiving

due veneration or refpeft.

As our fear exclujeth not that boldnefs which be-
cometh faints, fo, if our familiarity with God do not
favour of fear, it draweth loo near that irreverent
confidence wherewith true humility can never ftand.

Hooker,

Knowledge men fought for, and covered it from
the vulgar foiC as jewels of ineflimable price, fearing

6 T the

I R R

•■tlie irrtvtttnl eonftruOion of the igoorant anfl ir-
religious. Rj/rigi-

Wilnefs the irreverent fon
Of him who built the ark ; who, for the (hame
Don* to hi» father, heard his heavy curfe.
Servant of fervanti, on his vicious race. Millon.

Swearing, and the irreverent ufiiig ihe name of
Cod in common difcourfe, is another abufe of the
tongue. , , ^iy-

If an irttvtreni exprelTion or thought too wranton
tie crept into my verfes, through my inadvertency,
let their authors be anfwcrable tor them. Drydcn.
Irre'verbntlv. adv. [from irreverent. [
Without due refpcfl or veneration.

•lis but an ill cffay of reverence and godly fear
to ufe (he gofpcl irreverently. Cirv. of the Tongue.
Irre'versibi.e. adj. [/'» and reiierje.\ Not
to be recalled ; not to be changed.

The fills of his chamber and his clofet (hall be

produced before men and angels, and an eternal irre-

twr/fi/ffentenccbe pronounced. Rogen.

Irreve'rsibi.y. adv. [from irrever/tble ,]

Without change.

The title oi fundamentals, being ordinarily con-
fined to the doctrines of faiih, hath occafioned that
great fcandal in the church, at which fo many
myriads of Solifidians have Rumbled, and fallen irre-
verjibly, by conceiving heaven a reward of inie
opinions. Hammond on Fundamentals.

Irre'vocablf. adj. [irrmocab'lii, Latin;
irrevocable, French.] Not to be recalled ;
not to be brought back ; not to be re-
verfed.

Give thy hand to Warwick,
And, with thy hand, thy faith irrevoeahle.
That only Warwick's daughjcr Ihall be thine.

Sbukefftare.
Firm and irrevocable is my doom,
Which I have palt upon her. Hhakeff. As you like it.
That which is palt is gone and it revocable there-
fore they do but trifle, that labour in palt matters.

Bacon'i JE-jjayt.
The fecond, both for piety renown'd.
And puill'ant deeds, a promife (hall receive
Irrevuablcy tliat his regal throne
for ever Ihall endure. Milton's Paradift Loji.

By her irrevocable fate.
War (hall the country wafte, and change the dale.

Dryden.
The other viflor flame a moment Hood,
Then fell, snd lilclcfs left th' extinguilh'd wood :
Tor ever loft, ih' irrruocablr light
loifook the black'ning coals, and funk to night.

Dryden,
Each facred accent bears eternal weight,
And each irrevoeaile word is fate. Po,

ofe.

Irrevocably, ad'v. [from irrevocable.^
Without recall.

If air were kept out four or five minutes, the fire
would be irrevocably cxtinguilhed. Boyle.

rel'ftRIGATE. w. a. [imgo, Latin.J To
wet ; to moiften ; to water.

The heart, which is one of the principal parts 6f
the body, doth continually irrigate, nourilh, keep hot,
and fnpple all the members. Ray an the Creation.

They keep a bulky charger near their lips,
With which, in often interrupted deep.
Their frying blood compels to irrigate
Their dry futr'd tongues. A. Pbillipt.

Irrica'tion. »./. [itom irrigate.] The
Rift of watering or moiftening.

Help of ground is by watering and irrigation

ISC

iRRi'sioif. «./. [irrijio, Latin; !rrijtii», Fr.]
The ad of laughing at another.

Ham, by his indifcrcet and unnatural trrifoa,
and expofing of his father, incurs his curfe.

(fcoJward.

Tol'RRITATE. v. a. [irrito, Latin; irriter,
French.]

1 . To provoke ; to teaze ; to exafperate.

The earl, fpeaking to the freeholders in imperious
language, did not irritate tht people. Bacon.

Laud's power at court could not qualify him to go
through with that diflicult reformation, whilft he had
a fuperior in the church, who, having the reins in
his hand, could (lacken them, and was thought to be
the more remits to irritate his cholerick difpotition.

Clarendon.

2. To fret ; to put into motion or diforder
by any irregular or unaccuftomed con-
taft ; to ftimulate ; to vellicate.

Cold maketh the fpirits vigorous, and irritalelh
them. Bacon.

3. To heighten; to agitate ; to enforce.

Air, if very cold, irrilatelh the flame, and maketh

it burn more fiercely, as fire fcorcheth in frofty

weather. Bacon.

When they are collefted, the heat becometh more

violent and irritate, and thereby eipelleth fweat.

Bacon'i Natural Hijlory.
Rous'd
By dalh of clouds, or irritating war
Of fighting winds, while all is calm below.
They furious fpring. Tlom/hn'i Summer.

Irrita'tion. u./. [irritatio, Latin: irrita-
tion, French ; from irritare.]

1, Provocation ; exafperation.

2. Stimulation ; vellication.

Violent aflFefiions and irritations of the nerves,

in any part of the body, is caufed b^ fomething

acrimonious. Arbuthnot.

Irru'ption, »./. {^irruption, Yt. irruftio,

Latin.]

1 . The aft of any thing forcing an entrance.

I refrain, too fuddenly.
To utter what will come at Ult too fuon ;
Left evil tidings, with too rude Irruption,
Hitting thy aged ear, (hould pierce tuo deep. Milton.
There are frequent inundations made in maritime
countiies by the irruption of the fea. Burnet.

A full and fudden irruption of thick melancholick
blood into the heart puts a flop to its puliation.

iljrvey.

2, Inroad ; burft of invaders into any place.

Notwiihftanding the irruptions of the barbarous
nations, one can fcarce imagine how fo plentiful a
foil ihould become fo mifcrably unpeopled, AddiJ'on.

Is, [if, Saxon. See To Be.]

Irri'cuous. adj. [from irrigate.]
1. Watery; watered

Bacon.

The flow'ry lap
Of fome irriguous valley fpreads her ftore. Milton.
Dtjwy ; moid. Phillips feems to have
niiftaken the Latin phrafe iiriguus fopor.

Kalh Elepcnor
Dty'd an immeafurable bowl, and thought
T" exhale his furfcit by irriguous lleep :
Imprudent! him dtaih'i iron deep oppreil.
* Pblllifs

The third perfon fingular of To'be : I
am, thou art, he is.

He that it of God, hcareth God's words.

yotn. viii. 47.

Be not afraid of them, for they cannot do evil;
neither is it in them to do good. yer. x. 5.

My thought, whofc murihcr yet is but laiitallical.
Shakes fo my tingle Ibte of man, that fundion
Is fmothcr'd in furmife j and nothing is.
But what is not. Sbakt-ffeare's Macbeth.

2, It is fometimes expreffed by '/.

There'i fome among you have beheld me fighting.

Shakr/p

Is C H 1 a'd I C K . aeii. [tV>;te», i'(r;tji« Jiit©- ; ij'chia-
dique, French.] In anatomy, an epithet
to the crural vein ; in pathology, the
ijckiadick paHion is the gout in the hip, or
the fciatica.

I'SCHURY. Tt.f. \!rx,iSiM, i'X" 3"^ *f»'>

urine; ijchurie, French ; ijchuria, Latin.]
A ftoppage of urine, whether by gravel
or other caufe.
Ischure'tick. »./. \ifchuretiqtu, French ;
from ij'chury.] Such medicines as force
urine when fupprefled.

I S L

IsH. [ifc, Saxon.]

I . A termination added to an adjcfllve to
exprefs diminution, a fmall degree, or
incipient ftate of any quality : z.%,bluifli,
tending to blue ; brighiijh, fomewhat
bright.

t. It is likewife fometimes the termination
of a gentile or pofleflive adjeftive ; as,
Stuedijh, Danijh, the Danijh territores, or
territories of the Danes.

3. It likewife notes participation of the
qualities of the fubltantive to which it i»
added ; 3S,fool, Joelijh; man, manijh ; rogue,
roguijh.

I'siCLE. n. f. [More properly icicle, froip
ice; but ice fhould rather be written j/i;
ij-j-, Saxon.] A pendent (hoot of ice.

Do YOU know this lady }

The moon of Rome ; chafte as the ijlcle

That's curdled by the froft from piirefl fnow
Hanging on Dian's temple. Shake/p^

The frofts and fnows her tender body fpare ;
Thofe are not limbs for i^clet to tear. Dryden.

Isingla'ss. n./. [from ice, wife, 2.xA gtafs^
ichthyorolla , Latin.]

ffmglnfs is a tough, firm, and light fubllance,' of
Ti whitilh colour, and in fome degree tranfparent,
much refembling glue. The fifh from which ijin*
glafs is prepared, is one of the cartilaginous kind : it
grows to eighteen and twenty feet in length, and
greatly refembles the fVurgeon. It is frequent in the
Danube, the Borifthencs, the Volga, and the lai^er
rivers of Europe. From the inteftines of this filh the
ifinglafs is prepared by boiling. Hill,

The cure of putrefaction requires an incraffating
diet, as all vifcid broths, harifhorn, ivory, and
ifinglafs. floyrr.

Some make it clear by reiterated fermentations,
and others by additions, as ifinglafs. Mortimer.

VsincL/iSS Stoae. St. f. A foffil which is
one of the pureft and fimpkft of the na-
tural bodies. The maffes are of a brown-
ifh orreddifh colour; but when the plates
are feparated, they are perfeftly colour-
lefs, and more bright and pellucid than
the finett glafs. It is found in Mufcovy,
Perfia. the ifland of Cyprus, in the Alps
and Apennines, and the mountains of
Germany. Bill's Mat. Med.

I'SLAND. ». /. [inft/la, Latin; ijola, Ital.
ealaiid, Erfe. It is pronounced ilattd.]
A traft of land furrounded by water.
He will carry this ifland home in his pocket, and

give it his fon for an apple. And fowing the

kernels in the fea, bring forth maniflands.

Shakfpeare's Temfefii
Within a long rccefs tliere lies a bay.
An /^<IA</ Ihades it from the roiling fea.
And forms a port, Dryden.

Ifland of bhfs I amid' the fubjeft feas. Tliomjon,

I'si ander ». /. [from ifland. Pronounced
ilander.] An inhabitant of a country fur-
roundt^d by water.

We, as all i/landers, are lunares, or the moon'i
men, Camden.

Your finner, and the generous i/landers
By you invited do attend your prcfence. Shakefp.

There are many bitter fayings agalnft ijhr.ders
in general) reprefcntiiig them as fierce, treacherous,
and unhofpitable : thofe who live on the continent
have fuch Irequent iniercourfe with men of different
religions and languages, that they become more kind
than thofe who arc the inhabitants of .m illand.

Addifon's Pree holder,

A race of rugged mariners are ihele,
Uiipolith'd men, and boift'rous as their feas;
The native iJlanJers alone their care.
And hateful he that bieathes a foreign air. Pope.

Isi. E. », /. [ijle, French; infula, Latin.
Pronounced //r, j

I. Aa

I S S'

I, An ifland; a country furrrounded by
water.

The inftalment of this noble duke
In the feat royal of 'is famous Iflt. Sbaktff.

The dreadful fight
Betwixt a nation and two whales I write j
Seas (lain'd with gore I fing, advent'rous toil,
And how thefe monfters did difarm an ifle. Ifuller.

2. [Written, I think, corruptly for aile,
from aile, Fr, from- ala, Latin, the aile
being probably at firft only a wing or fide
walk. It may come likewife from alUe,
French, a walk.] A long walk in a
church or publick building.

O'er the twilight groves and dufky caves,
long founding i^« and intermingled graves
Black melancholy fits. Pope.

Ijoperime'trical. «. /. [iV®-, Tifi.and
^jVfor,] In geometry, are fuch figures as
hare equal perimeters or circumferences,
of which thecircleisthegreateft. Harris.

Ilo'sCELES. n. f. \ifoJcele, Fr. or equian-
gular triangle. \ That which hath only
two fides equal. Harris

KSUE. «./. [ijfue, French.]

1. The aft of paffing out.

2. Exit ; egrefs ; or paflage out.

Unto the Lord beleng the ijfitrs from death.

Pfalms.

Let u» examine what bodies touch a moveable
■whilft in motion, as the only means to find an IJfuc
•ut of this difficulty. D'gby on Bodies.

We might have eafily prevented thofe great re-
turns of money to France; and if it be true the
French are fo impoveriflied, in what condition muft
they have been, if that iffue of wealth bad been
ftopped ? S-u'ift.

5. Event ; confequence.

Spirit:* aK not finely touch 'd.
But to fine iJlu<s. Sbakrfp. Meaf.for Meaf.

ll 1 were ever fearful
To do a thing, where I the i^ue doubted,
V'hereof the execution did cry out
Againflthe non-performance, 'twas a fear
Which oft infefls the wifeft. Shahrfp. Winter's Tale.

But let the ijfut correfpondent prove
To good beginnings of each entetprize. Fa'rfax

If things were caft upon this iffue, that God
*ould never prevent fin till man deferved it, the
belt would fin, and fin forever. Stuib.

The wittieft fayings and feoiences will be found
the ijuei of chance, and nothing elfe but fo many
lucky hits of a roving fancy. Saalb

Our prefcnt condition is better for us in the iffue,
than that uninterrupted health and fecutity that the
A^eiftdefires. £„,/

^ Termination ; conclufion.

He hath preferved Argalus alive, under pretence
of haymg him publickly executed after thefe wars,
of which they hope for a foon and profperous iffue.

Wha'/;^f of my love remains for me !
How wild a paflion works within my bread !
Wiih what prodigious flames am I poffeft ! B'yden.

•-r^'""^'^' *' * '°'^ '" """"^ oiiScult matters to an
<yi(f,layshisheroafleep, and ihisfolvcs thediflicultv.

5. Sequel deduced from premifes.

I am to pray you not to ftrain my fpeech
To grofler iljues, nor to larger reach.
Than to fulpicion. Hbakefp. Oihrllo.

6. A fontanel ; a vent made in a mufcle for
the dilcharge of humours.

This tumour ill his left arm was caufed by ftridl
binding ot his /^«. iH/eman.

7. Evacuation.

A woman was difeafed with an Iffue of blood.

. Mai. ii. 20.

3. Progeny ; offspring.
O nation miferaolc
Since that the Iruelt ijue of thy throne,
£y Itisawn iatetdi^lioa lUuds accurK.

Ihiote/f.Iiaaehtth.

I i s

Nor where Abatfin kings their i^c guard.
Mount Amara, though tins by fome fuppos'd
True Paradife, under the the /«;thiop line
By Nilus' head. Milton's Paradtfe Loft.

This old peaceful prince, as Heav'n decreed,
Wasblefs'd with no male iffue to fucceed.

Dryden's JEtt.

The frequent produflions of monfters, in all the
fpecies of animals, and ttrange iffues of human
birth, carry with them difficulties, not poflible to
confill with this hypothefis. Liclie.

9. [In law.] Jffue hath divers applications
in the common law : fometimcs ufed for
the children begotten between a man
and his wife; fomctimes for profits grow-
ing from an amercement, fine, or cx-
pences of fuit ; fometimes for profits of
lands or tenements ; fometimes for that
point ofmatter depending in fuit, where-
upon the parties join and put their caufe
to the trial of the jury. IJfue is either
general or fpecial : general '^ue feemeth
to be that whereby it is referred to the
jurj- to bring in their verdift, whether the
defendant have done any fuch thing as
the plaintiff", layeth to his charge. 'J he
fpeciil iffue then muft be that, where fpe-
cial matter being alleged by the defendant
for his defence, both the . parties join
thereupon, and fo grow rather to a de-
murrer, Witht qucejiio juris, or to trial by
the jury, if it be guaJfiofaSi. Ccnvel.

To I'ssuE.^'. ». [from the noun; iffuer,
French ; u/cire, Italian.]

1. To come out ; to paf« out of any place.
Waters iffuej out from under the threfliold of the

houfe. £iiei.

•n-^'""' •>>« utmoft end of the head branches there
iffuetb out a gummy juice. Raleigh's IVftory.

Waters iffu'd from a cave. MiliM.

Ere Pallas /^a'rf from the ihunderer's head,
Dulnefs o'er all poiTefs'd her ancient right. Pope.

2. To make an eruption ; to break out.

Three of matter Ford's brothers watch the door
withpiftols, that none ftiould /^w out, otherwife
you might nip away. Sbal^rfp.

See that none hence iffue forth a fpy. Mition.

Hafte, arm your Ardeani, iffue to the plain ;
With taith to triend, aflaultthe Trojan train.

Atlength there iffu'd from the grove behind,
A fair aflembly of the female kind. Dryden.

A buBing noife of bees his ears alarms ;
Straight ffue through the fides afTcmbling fwarms.

Dryden
Full for the port the Ithacenfians ftand,
And fori their fails, iwA iffue oa the land.

Poft't 0 'yffey.

3. To proceed as an offspring.

Of thy fonsthat Ihall iffue from thee, which
thou (halt beget, (hall ihcy take away.
rr* Ti ^ ^ings.xx, 1%.

4. To be produced by any fund.
Thefe altarages ijued out of the offerings made

to the altar, and were payable to the priefthood.
_ ... Ayliffe's Parergon.

5. To run out in lines.
Pipes made with a belly towards the lower end,

and then ffuing into alVaightconcave asaiu. Bacn.
To IS J O t . 'v.a.

1. To fend out ; to fend forth.

A weak degree of heat is not able either to digcft
theparisor to/^aethefpiriis.

Bacon's Natural Hiftcry.

The commiflTioneis Ihould iffue money out to ns

other ufe. <r,.-.,

'T' r J 'I- Setup.

2. lo lendoutjudiciaUyorauthoritativcIy.
This is the more frequent fcnfe. It is
commonly followed by a particle, eut or

firli.

I f

If the eouncil IJueJ m any oiiler «|alnll theiH,
or It the kingfent a proclamation for their repair
to their houfes, ftme noblemen publilhed a oro-

'='*«"'"! , Clar,nd«..

Uecp in a rocky cave he makes abode,
A manfion proper for a mourning god ;
Here he gives audience, ffuing out decrees
To rivers, his dependant deities. Dtydeu.

In vain the mailer iffues out commani'.j.
In vain the trembling Jailors ply their hands ;

')5 tsmpeft unforefeen prevents their care. Dryd

They coiiftantly wait in court to make a due return

of what they have done, and to receive fuch other

commands as the judge fliall iffuefortb.

T, -Ayliffe's Parergon.

Isst/ELEss. adj. [from iffue.\ Having

no offspring ; wanting defcendants,

Carew, by virtue of this entail, fucceeded to Hugh's
portion, as dying i^«/f/J.

Cetrpw'i Survey ofCornviall'
I have done fin j
For which the Heavens, taking angry note.
Have left me iffueie/s. Shakefp. IVinler's rale.

Isthmus, n.f. [i^hmus, Latin.] A neck
of land joining the peninfula to the con-
tinent.

There is a caftle ftrongly feated on a high rock,
which joiaeth by an i/16,aus to the land, aud is im-
pregnably fortified. Sandys's Travels.

I he AfTyrian empire ftretcheth northward to that
i/lbinus between the Euxine and the Cafpian Seas.
Brerewood on Languages,

O life, thou nothing's younger brother I
Thou weak built ifthmus, that doft proudly rife
Up betwixt two eternities.
Yet can 'ft not wave nor wi. (lain ;
But broken and •'erwhelm'a tiu ocean meets again.

Our church of England (lands as Corinth be°tweai
two fcas, and there are fome bufy in cutting the
ifthmus, t* let in both at once upon it. Stillingjleet.

eieomenes thinking it more advifable to iortifyj
not the ifthmus, but the mountains, put hi* defign
in execution. Creech

Plac'd on this ifthmus of a middle ftate,
A being darkly wife, and rudely great. Popes

VX. pronoun. [)5ir, Saxon.]
I. The neutral demonftrative. Ufed ii»
fpeaking of things. For it, our anceftors
ufed he, as the neutral pronoun ; and for
/// ttiey ufed his. Thus in the Accidence,
a noun adjeSi-ve it that luhich cannot Jtand
by himfelf, but requirelh another luord to be
joined with him lojhenu \i\ijigmjicatirm.

Nothing can give that to another which // hath
not itfelf. Bramball againft Hobhts,

Will our great anger learn to (loop fo low ?
I know it cannot. Coiuley.

Tell me, O tell, what kind of thing is wit.
Thou who matter art of//. Coiuln/.

His fon, il may be, dreads no harm ;
But kindly wails his father's coming home. Flatmtn.
The time will come, // will, when you (hal! know
The rage of love. Dryden.

How can 1 fpeak j or how, fir, can you hear I
Imagine that which you would moft deplore.
And that which I would fpeak, is I'r or more.

Dryden.

A mind fo furnilhed, what reafon has it toacT

^uiel'ce in /Vj conciufions } Locke,

The glory which encompalTed them covered the

place, and darted its rays with fo much (Ircngth,

that the whole fabrick began to melt. Addijan,

If we hnd a greater good in the prefcnt conftMu-

tion, than would have accrued either from the total

privation ol it, or from other frames and (Irudlures,

■ we may ihcn reafonably conclude, that the prefent

conHitution proceeded from an intelligent, and good

being, that formed it that pariicular way out tff

choice. lieinlcy,

2. It is ufed abfolutely for the ftate ol a
perfon or affair.

How is // with our general i
— ' — Even fo

As with a man by his own alms impoilbn'd,
A id with hii charity (lain, Shakrfp Coriolanus.

6 r 2 ' u

I T C

3. It U nfed for the thing; the matter;
the affair.

h't come to pafi,
Th«« traAableobcdicnce is a (lave
To each incenfed will. Shakifp.tltnry VIII.

4. // is Sometimes exprefled by /.

He rallied, and again fell to V ;
For catching foe by nearer foot,
He lifted with fuch might and ftrength.
A> would have hurl'd him thrice his length, Hudit.

The defign '/ feemt, is to avoid the dreadful im-
putation of pedantry. Siuift.

5 . /f is ufed ludicroufly after neutral verbs,
to give an emphafis.

If Abraham brought all with him, it is not pro-
bable that he meant to walk ii back again for his
pleafure. Ra/ei'gb.

The Lacedemonians, at the ftraighls of Ther-
mopylsr, when their arms failed them, fought/; out
with their nails and teeth. Dryden.

I have often feen people lavilh it profufely in
tricking up their children, and yet Aaivc their
minds. jMie.

The mole courfes it not on the ground, like the
rat or moufe.but lives under the earth. Addifon.

Whether the charmer finner it, or faint it.
If folly grows romaotick, 1 muft paint it. Pope.

6. Sometimes applied familiarly, ludicrouf-
ly, or rudely to perfons.

Let us after him.
Whofe care is gone before to bid us Welcome :
■ // ita peerlefs kinfman. Sialte/f. Macbeth.

Do, child, go to /Vgrandam, child :
Give grandam kingdom, and iti grandam will
Give it up him. Sb.ikefpeare^s Kirrg yobn.

7. /; is fometimes ufed of the firft or
fecond perfon, fometimes of mote. This
mode of fpeech, though ufed by good
authors, and fupported by the il j a of
the French, has yet an appearance of

. barbarifm.

Who was't came by ?
— 'T/j two or three, my lord, that bring you word
. MacdulTis fled to England. &haiejf. Macbeth.

City,
•7i« I, that made thy widows. Shak. Coriolanus.
'Tit thefe that early taint the female foul. Pcfe.
ITCH. »./. [jicha, Saxon. J

1. A cutaneous difeafe extremely conta-
gious, which overfpreads the body with
fmall puftules filled with a thin ferum,
andraifcd.asmicrofcopeshavedifcovered,
by a fmall animal. It is cured by fulphur.

Lu() and liberty
Creep in the minds and marrows of our youths.
That 'gainfl the Dream of virtue they may ftrive,
And drown themfelves in riot, itchet, bUins. Shuk.
The Lord will fmite thee with the fcab and with
the itch, whereof thoucan'll not be healed.

Dtut xxviii. 27.
As if divinity had catch'd
The ilch on purpofe to be fcratch'd. fiudibrai.

2. The fenfation of uneafmefs in the Ikin,
which is eafed by rubbing.

3. A conllant tcazing defire.

A certain ifi-h of meddling with other people's
• natters, puts us upon (hifiing. L'EJiru>tge.

He had-ftill pedigree in his head, and an itch ol
being thought a divine king. Drjden.

From i'ervani's company a child iste be kept, not
not by prohibitions, for that will but give 'him an
ilcb after it, but by other ways. Locke.

At half mankind when gcn'rous Manly raves.
All know 'tis virtue, for he thinks them icuaves :
Whenuniverfal homage Umbra pays,
Alt fiK 'tis vice, and itcb of vulgar praife. Pope.

y« Itch. a». «. [from the noun.]
I. To feel that uneafincfs in the ikin which
' is removed by rubbing.

A troublefome hching 01 the part was occalioned
« Wy v^ant of tranfpiration. tTi/eman'iSurgtty,

My tkht eye itrlei ; fome good luck is near ;
Fcthafs my Amaryllis may appear. Diydtn.

I T E

2. To long; to have continual delire.
This fenie appears in the following ex-
amples, though fome of them are equi-
vocal.

Mailer Shallow, you have yourfelf been a great
fighter, though now a man of peace. Mr. Page,
though now I be old, and of the peace, if I fee a
fword out, my finger itches to make one. Sbake/p.

CalTius, you yourfelf
Are much condemn'd to have an itching palm,
To fell and mart your offices for gold. Shakefp.

The itching cars being an epidemick difeafe, gave
fairopportunity to every mountebank. £)<•«_> of Piety.

All fuch have ftill an itching to deride.
And fain would be upon the laughing tide. Pope.

I'tchy. ailj. [from iVrA.] InfcAed with

the itch.
FTEM. adti. [Latin.] Alfo. A word ufed

when any article is added to the former.
1'tem.»./.

1. A new article.

I could have looked on him without the help of
admiration, though the catalogue of his endowments
had been tabled by his fide and I to perufe him by
ilcmt. ' Sbake/p.

2. A hint; an Inuendo.

I f this difcourfe have not concluded our weaknefs,
I have one item more of mine : if knowledge can
be found, I mul^ lofe that which 1 thought 1 had,
that there is none. Gtanv.

-Ti? Iterate, f. a. [itero, Lat.]
I. To repeat ; to utter again ; to inculcate
by frequent mention.

We covet to make the pfalms efpecially familiar
unto all : this is the very caul'e why we iieyate the
Pfalms oftener than any other part of Scripture
befidcs : the caufc \^herefore we inure the people
together wiih their minii^er, and not the miniltcr
alone, to read them, as other parts of fcripture he
doth. Hooker.

In the firll ages God gave laws unto our fathen,
and their me.Tiories ferved inftead of books; whereof
the imperfedtions being known to God, he relieved
the fame by often putting them in mind : in which
refpedl we lee how many times one thing hath been
iterated into the bell and wifeft. Honker.

The king, to keep a decency towards the French

king, fent new lolemn ambalTadors to intimate unto

him the decree of his edates, and to iterate his

motion that the French would defill from hollility.

Bac^tn's Henry VII.

There be two kinds of refleiftions ol founds ; the
one at didance, which is the echo, wherein the
original is heard dillini^ly, and the refletlion alfo
dillinAly : the otlier in concurrence, vwhen the
found returneth immediately upon the original, and
fo ittrateth it not, but amplilieth it. hacan.

z. To do over again.

Alhes burnt, and well reverberated by fire, after
the fait thereof hath been drawn out by iterated
decodions. Browi,

Adam took no thought.
Eating his fill j nor Eve Co iterate
Her former tti^fpafs fcar'd, the more tofooth
Him with her lov'd fociety. Milton's Paradife laji.
I'terant. adj. '\Jterani,\ Lat. Repeating.
Waters beiiig near, make a current echo; but
being farther oo, they make an iterant echo.

BatonU Natural Hijfory.

Itera'tion. n. f. \ittralUii, Fr. iteratio,
Lat.] Repetition ; recital over again.

Truth tir'd with iteration
As true as ileel, at plaiuage to the moon. Sbake/p.
My hulband !

Ay, 'twas he liiat tuld me firft.

My hulband !

What needs this iteration, woman ?

I fay, thy hulband. Shati/p. Otbelit.

tierationt are commonly loft of time ; but there
is no fuch gain of time, as to iterate often the llate
of the quellion ; for it chafeth away many a frivolous
fpeech. Bacon' 1 EJfayt.

In all thefe refpefls, it hath a peculiar property to
engage the (tceivci Co pcrfcvcrc ia all piciy, and

J U D

is farther improved by the frequent lltrathn ai.<
repetition. Hammond.

I'tinerant. adj. [itinerant, Fr.] Wan-
dering ; not fettled.

It (hould be my care to fweeten and mellow ibe
voices of itinerant tradefmen, as alfo to accomodate
their cries to their refpeflive wares. Addi/. Sped.

Iti'nerary. «. /, [itineraire, Fr. itinera'
rium, Lat.] A book of travels.
_ The clergy are fufficienily reproached, in mod
itinerariei, for the univerfal poverty one meets with
in this plentiful kingdom. Addi/on on Italy.

Iti'nerary. adj. [iliiteraire,Yi. ititierarita,
Lat.] Travelling; done on a journey;
done during frequent change of place.

He did make a progrcfs from Lincoln to the nor-
thern parts, though it was rather an itinerary
circuit of juftice than a progrefs.&ifca'j Htniy V 11 .
Itse'lf, pronoun, [il ani/e//.] The neutral
reciprocal pronoun applied to things.

Who then (hall blame
His peller'd fenfes, to recoil and ftart.
When all that is within him does condemn
///(•//"for being there .' Sbake/p. Macbeth.

Borrowing of foreigners, in ii/e!/, makes not the
kingdom rich or poor. Locke,

Ju'bilant. adj. [jn'ilatts, Latin.] Ut-
tering fon^s of triumph.

The planets lift'ning flood.
While the bright pomp afccnded jubilant. Milton,

Jubila'tion »./. [jubilation, Fr. jtibilatio,
Lat.] 1 he aft of declaring triumph.

Ju'bilee. »./. [jiibd(,Yt. jiibiluin, from
juhilo, low Lat.J A publick feftivity ;
a time of rejoicing ; a feafon of joy.

Angels utt'ringjoy, heav'n rung
VIkhjuiiler, and loud hofannas filled
Th' eternal regions. Milton's Parail/t Lojl,

Joy was then a mafculine and a fevere thing, the
recreation of the judgment, or rejoicing i\x jubilee
ofreafon. South.

The town was all ijubilee of feafts. DiyJen.

Jucu'nbity. n. /. [jucunditat,jucundHS,
Lat.] Heafantnefs ; agreeablenefs.

The new or m-xx^Slti jucuiidities, which prefcnt
themfelves, will have activity enough to excite the
earthieft foul, and raife a fmile from the mod com-
pofcd tempers. Brown,

Judas Tree, »,/. [ftliquaftrum, Latin.] A
plant.

Judas tree yields a 4ne purplilli, bright, red
blotlbm in the fpring, and is increafed by layers.

Mortimer's Hu/bandry,
To Joda'ise. -v. n. [judai/er, Fr, judaic,
low Lat.] To conform to the manner
of the Jews.

Vm\ji.dai:i'd with the Jews, was all to all. Sand.
JUDGE, n,/. [juge, Y.. judex. Lat.J

1. One who is invefted with authority to
determine any caufe or queflion, real or
perfonal

Shall not thcyatd^e of all the earth do right }

Genefis.

A fitther of the fatherlefs, and * judge of the

widows, is God in his holy habitation. P/alms,

Thou art Judge
Of all things made, and judgeft only right. Milt.

2. One whoprefides in a court of judicature.

My lord BalTanio gave Ins ring away
Unto \.\k judge that bcgg'd it. Shak. Mer. ofytuict.

A fingle voice ; and that not pall me, but
By learned approbation of theyW^f. Shak. H. VIII.

How dares your pride.
As in a lifted field to nght yourcaufe,
UnalX'd the royal grant ; nor marlhal by.
As knightly iitcs require, dot judge to try ? Diydcn,

It is nut luiiicient 10 imitate nature in every cir-
cuinllance dully : it becomes a painter to take what
is moll beautiful, as being the foveteign_;'arf'gf of his
own art. Dryden.

3. One who has (kill fufficient to decide
upon the merit of any thing.

Ooe

J U D

One court there is in which he who knows the
fecrets of every heart will itjujgf h\mCe\[. Shtrhck,

A pcrfeft juJge will read each piece of wit,
With the fame ^iritthi cs author writ. Pofr.

7'a Judge, "v. a. [j^gtr, Fr judico, Lac]

1. To pafs fentence.

My wrong be upon thee; the horijuJge between
thee and me. Genejis.

\i. judge not for man, but for the Lord, who is
with you in the judgment. 2. Chron.

2. To form or give an opinion.
Beftirew me, but I love her heartily ;

For (he is wife, if 1 can judge aright. Sbakefp.

Authors to themfelvcs,
Both what iheyyW^gc and what they chufe. Milt.

If I did not know the originals, I fliould never be
able to judge, by the copies, which was Virgil and
which Ovid. Dryden,

Whether it be a divine revelation or no, reafon
inuftyWjg^f, which can never permit the mind to
rejed a greater evidence, to embrace what is lefs
evident. Loch.

He proceed! in his inquiry into fciences, refolved
toyW^^of them freely. Locke.

3. To difcem ; to diftinguifti ; to confider
accurately.

How doth God know ? Can \\t judge through the

dark cloud > "Job.xin. 13.

^. f^^ jfudge in youifelves : is it comely a woman pray

unto God uncovered T I Cor. li. 13.

How properly the tories may be called the whole
body of the Britilli nation, I leave to any one's
judging. AddiJ^n.

Te Judge, "v. a.

1, To pafs fentence upon ; to examine au-
thoritatively; to determine finally.

Chaos flialiyxd'gf the ftrife. Millm.

Tlien thofe, whom form of laws
Condemn'd to die, when traitors yW^^'^ their caufe.

Dryden,

2. To pafs fevere cenfure ; to doom fe-
vercly. This is a fcnfe feldom found
but in the Scriptures.

He (hall judge among tlie heathen, he fhall fill

the places with the dead bodies. P/. ex. 6.

yudge nor, that ye be not judged. Mattheiu.

Lctno jma judge you in meator drink. Coi. ii.

Ju'dcer. tt. J. [from judge.'] One who
formsjudgment ; or pafles fentence.

The vulgar threatened to be their oppretlbrs, and
judgers of their judges. f^'»g Cbarlet.

I'hey who guide themfclves merely by what ap-
pears, are ill judgeri of what they have not well
examined. Dlgby.

Ju'dgment. n.f. \^jugfment,Yt.'\

1. The power of difcerning the relations
between one term or one propofition and
another.

Ojudgmeni! thou art fled to br>itil>i hearts.
And men have loft their reafon. Shak "Julius Ctrfar.

The faculty, which God has given man to fupply
the want of certain knowledge, k judgment, where-
by the mind takes any propotition to be true or falfe,
without perceiving a demonftrative evidence in the
proofs. Locke.

yudgment is that whereby we join ideas together
by affirmation or negation ; fo, this tree is high.

IValti.

2. Doom ; the right or power of paffing
judgment.

If my fufpeft be falfe, forgive me, God ;
for judgment only doth belo:ig to thee. Sbtikeff.

3. Theadl ofexercifing judicature; judi-
catory.

They gave judghienl upon him. 2 Kings.

When thou, () Lord, (halt l>and difclos'd
In majefty fc^ere.
And fit \t\judgiMtnt on my foul,
O how (hall 1 appear ? Addifon*i Spe^iator.

4. Determination ; decifion.

Where diilin^ions or identities are purely ma-
terial, the judgment is made by the imagination,
tlherwife bjf the undcrlUodiog. GUitvMt'tHiepfis.

JUD

We fliall make a certainy»i/^»f/ what kind of
diflblution that earth was capable of. Burn. Theory.

Reafon ought to accompany the exercife of our
fcnfes, whenever we would form a ju!t judgment of
things propofed to our inquiry. IVatts.

5. The quality of diftinguifliing propriety
and impropriety ; criticifm.

Judgment, a cool and (low faculty, attends not
a man in the rapture of poetical cprnpofition.

Dennis.

*Tis with OWT judgments 2l^ our watches, none
Go juft alike ; yet each believes his own. Pope.

6. Opinion ; notion.

I fee sntn*i judgments are
A parcel of their fortunes, and things outward
Draw the inward quality after them.
To fuBer all alike. Sbakefp. Ant. and Cleopatra.

When (he did think my mafter lov'd her well.
She, in my judgment, was as fair as y«u. Shakefp.

7. Sentence againft a criminal.

When he was brought again to th* bar, to hear

His knell rung out, hisjudgment, he was llirr'd

With agony. Shakefp. HenryWW.

The chief priefts informed me, defiring to have

ywtfVmfw/ againft him. A^s xxv. 15.

On Adam hA thisjudgment be pronounc'd.

Milloti.

8. Condemnation. This is a theological
ufe.

Tht judgment was by one to condemnation ; but
the free gift is of many offences unto juftification.
\ Rom.v. 16.

The precepts, promifes, and threatenings of the
Gofpel will rife up in judgment againft us, and the
articles of our faith will be fo many articles of accu-
fation. Til/otf'jn.

9. Punifhment inflifted by Providence,
with reference to fome particular crime.

This judgment of the heavens that makes us
tremble.
Touches us not with pity. Shakefp. King Lear.

We cannot be guilty of greater uucharitablenefs,
than to interpret afRiAions as puniihments zr\i judg-
ments : it aggravates the evil to him who fuffers,
when he looks upon himfelf as the mark of divine
vengeance. Addifon's SpeSfator.

10. Diftribution of juftice.

The jews made infurreOion againrt Paul, and
brought him to the judgment feat* A£1s xviii. 12,

Yourdifhonour
Mangles xiaejudgment, and bereaves the ftate
Of that integrity which fho^^ld become it. Shak,
\n judgments between rich and poor, confider not
what the paor nun needs, but what is his own.

Taylor.
A bold and wife petitioner goes (Itait to the throne
»ai judgment feat of the monarch.

Ariulhsiot aud Pope,

11. Judiciary law ; flatute.

If ye hearken to thekjudgmenl!, and keep and do
them, the Lord thy Cod Ihall keep unto thee the
covenant. Deut,

1 2. The laft doom.

The imilul judgment day
So dreadful will not be as was his fight. Sbakefp.
Ju'dicatorv. » /. [/W;Va, Lat.]

1. Diftribution of juftice.

No fuch crime appeared as the lords, the fupremc
courtoi judi:atoiy, would judge worthy of death.

Clarendon.

2. Court of jnfticc.

Human judicatories give fentence on matters of

right and wroi.g, but inquire not into bounty and

bcnehcence. Atttrbury.

Ju'uic.\TURE. n.f. [judicatttre,Yt. judico,

Lat.l

1. Power of diftributiiigjufiice.

The honour of the judges in their judicature is
the king's honour. Bacon's Ad-vice to yUliers.

I f he Ihould bargain for a place of judicaturi', let
him be rejcifcd wnh (hame. Bacon.

2. Court of juftice.

In judicatures, to lake away the trumpet, the
fcarlet, the atlcadacce, miikcs juflicc naked as well
H blind, ' SiiUih.

JUG'

JUDI'CIAL. adj. [judicitm, Lat.]

1. Praftifed in the diftribution of publick
juftice.

What government can be without judicial pro-
ceedings i And what judicature witliout a religious
oath?_ Bemley.

2. Inflifted on as a penalty.

The refiftance of thofe will caufe i judicial hard-
nefs South.

JuDi'ciALLY. fli/z;. [itora judicial. \ In
the forms of legal juftice.

It will behove us to think that we fee God Hill
looking on, and weighing all our thoughts, words«
and anions in the balance of infallible juftice, and
palling the fame judgment which he intends here-
ihti judicially to declare. Grew.

JuDl'clARY. adj. [jttdiciare,Yr.judician'ur,
Latin.] Paffing judgment upon any
thing.

Before weight be laid upon judiciary aftrologers,
the influence of conftellations ought to be made out.

Boyle.
JUDI'CIOUS. adj. [judlcieux. Fr.] Pru-
dent ; wife ; (kilful in any matter or
afiair.

For your hulband.
He's noble, -viVe, judicious, and bed knows
The fits o' ih' fealbn. Shakefp. Macbeth.

Love hath his feat
In reafon, and is judicious. Milton.

To each favour meaning we apply.
And palate zM judicious, Milton.

We are beholden to y»(/;Wo»j writers of all ages
for thofe difcoveties they haveleft behind them.

Locke.
JuDi'ciousLY.oi/t/. [from/W/Woar.] Skil-
fully ; wifely; with juft determination.

So bold, yet iojudicioujly you dare.
That your leaft praife is to be regular. Dryd.

Longinus has judicioujly preferred the fublime
genius that fometimes errs to the middling or in-
diflierent one, which makes few faults, but feldom
rifes to excellence. Dryden.

Jug. n.f.\Jugge, Danilli.] A large drink-
ing vefiel with a gibbous or fwelling
belly.

You'd rail upon the hoftefs of the houfe,
Becaufclhe bought ftone/»^i and no feal'd quarts.

Sbahfpeare.
He fetch'd 'em drink,
FiU'da largeyi^upto thebrink. Sivift,

To Ju'ggle. f. n. [jtugler 01 jongler, Fr.
joculari, Lat.]

1 . To play tricks by flight of hand ; to
(how falfe appearances of extraordinary
performances.

The ancient miracle of Mcmnon's (latue feems
to be ^juggling of the Ethiopian priefts. Digby.

2. 'I o pra(Jtife artifice or impofture.

Be thefe juggling hcnds r.omore believ'd,
That palter with us in a double (enfe. Shak. Macb,

Is'l polfiblc the fpclls of France ihouldy^jf^/r
Men into fuch Itrangc mockeries ? Shakefp.

They ne'er forfworc themfclves, nor lied,
Difdain'd to tlay for friends confents ;
'Hot juggVd 2t\io\n fettlements. tludibras.

Juggle. »./. [from the verb.]

1. A trick by legerdemain.

2. An impofture ; a deception.

The notion was not the invention of politicians,
and a juggle of ftate to cozen the people into obe-
dience. Tillotfon.
Ju'cGLER. n. f. [ itom juggle. '\
I. One who praftifes flight of hand; one
who deceives the eye by nimble con«
veyance.

They lay this town is full of cozenage.
As nimbleywg^/,rj that deceive the eye,
Drug-workiijg lurocrers ihjf change the mind,
Uilguifed cheaters, prating mountebanks,
Aul many fuch like libettiacs of fin. Sbakefp.

I law

I

yuL

I ftw ijuggltr that had a pair of caril, uA wsuld
tell a man what card he thought. Bacon.

Arllbeus was i famous poet, that flouiilhed in
thedaysofCrffifus, and a notaMejtiggler. Sandyi.

Fortune-lcUcni JKggleri, and impoiters, do daily
delude them. Brown's Vulgar Errours.

Tht juggltr which another's (light can fhow,
but teaches how the world his own may know.

Carib.

One who is managed by a Jugglfr fancies he has
money in hand j but let him grafp it never lo care-
fullyi upon a word or two it increafesor dwindles.

AJJifon't t'reeboldir.

What magick makes our money rife,
When dropt into the fouthcrn main ;
Or do thefe jugglers cheat our eyes ? Sviift.

2, A cheat ; a trickilh fellow.

O me, you jugg/fr; oh, you canker blolTomi
You thief of love ; what, have you come by night,
And ftol'n my love's heart from him. Sbahcff.

1 fingnoharm
Toofficer, juggler, or jullice of peace. Donite.

Ju'gclincly. aJv. [from j'igglt-'\ In

a deceptive manner.
Jd'gular. adj. [jugulum, Latin.] Be-
longing to the throat.

A gentleman was wounded into the internal ju-
gular, through his neck. IVifeman's Surgrry.
JUICE, n.f. \jm, Fr. juys, Dutch.]

1. The liquor, fap, or water of plants and
fruits.

If I define wine, I muftfay, wine i« a /i/w, not
liquid, or wine is a fubftance ; lor juice includes both
iiibllance and liquid. H'alU.

Unnumber'd fruits,
A friendlyyHW'f to cjol thirft'stage contain. TSow/is.
a. The fluid in animal bodies.

yutce in language is Icfs than blood ; for if the
words be but becoming and fignifying, and the fcnfc
eentle, there is juice: but where that wanteih, the
language is thin, fcarce covering the bone.

Ben'J^nJon's Difcovery.

An animal whofc juices are unfuund can never be

aouiiOied: uafound /u/Vu can never rcpainhe fluids.

Arhutbnot,

Jui'cELESS; adj. [fromy««r^.] Dry; with-
out moifture ; without juice.

Divine Providence has fpread her table every
where ; not with a juiceUfi green carpet, but wiih
fucculcnt herbage and nourilhing grafs. More.

When Boreas' fpirit blufters fore.
Beware th' inclement heav'nsj now let thy hearth
Crackle with yW.v/^ boughs, Phillifi,

Ju'iciNEss. n.f. [fromya/f .] Plenty of

juice ; fucculence.
Iv'lCY. adj. [hom juite.^ Moift ; full of

juice ; nicculent.

Earth being taken out of watery woods, will put
forth herbs of a fat mi juicy fubftance. Bacon.

Each plant and /ff/V/V^ gourd will pluck. Milton.

The mulk's furpalfing worth ! that, in its youth,
Its tender nonage, loads the fpreading boughs
With large ini juicy oHipring, Phillips.

Te Juke. f. ». [jucher, French.]
I To perch upon any thing as birds.

2. Jukiiig, in Scotland, denotes ftill any
complaifance by bending of the head.

Two alTcs travelled ; the one laden with oats, the
other with money : the money-mcrchanl was fo
proud of his truft, that he v/tnt juiing and tolling of
his head. L'EJirange.

Ju'jUB. J n.f. [xiziphris, Latin.] A
J.u'jt^BES. I plant whofc flower confifts
of fcveral leaves, which a e placed circu
larly, and expand in form of a rofe. The
fruit is like a fmall plum, but it has little
fleih upon the ftone. Miller.

Ju'lap. n. J. [A word of Arabick ori-
ginal; y'« «//'«»», low Lat./a/r^, Fr.]

"Juhf is an estemporancous form of medicine,
made 01 fimple and compound water fweetened, and
fcr' es I'oi a vehicle to other forms not fo convenient
4d take alooc , i^ttintj .

J U M

Behold this eoti'tHjulaf here.
That flames and dances in his chryllal bounds
With fpirits of balm and fragrant fyrrups mixt.

Milton.

If any part of the after-birth be left, endeavour

the bringing that away ; and by good fudorificks

and cardials expel the venom, and contemperate the

heat and acrimony hyjti/aj>s and emulfions.

ffymian'i Surgery.
Ju'lus. » /.
X. July fli'wer.

2. Jtilus. »Va<^. among botanifts, denotes
thofe long worm-like tufts or palms, as
they are called in willows, which at the
beginning of the year grow out, and hang
pend«lar down from hazels, walnut- trees,
i£c. Millar.

Ju'lv. ». /. [Julius, hM.juilUl, Fr.] The
month anciently called quitttillis, or the
fifth from March, named July in honour
of Ji^ius Cat/ar; the feventh month from
January.

July I would hace drawn in a jacket of light
yellow, eating cherries, with his face and bofom
funburnt. Peacham.

JUMART. »./. [French.]

Mules and jumarti, the one from the mixtut* of
an afs and a mare, the other from the mixture of
a bull and a mare, are frequent. Locke,

7"ff Jumble, •v. a. [in Chaucer, jomhre,
from combler, French, Skinner.^ To mix
violently and confufedly together.

Pcrfons and humours may be jumbled and dif-
guifed; but nature, like quickfilvcr, will never be
killed. L'EJirange.

A verbal concordance leads not always to texts of
the fame meaning ; and one may obferve, how apt
that is \o jumble together palfages of Scripture, and
thereby difturb the true meaning of holy Scripture.

Locke,

Writingisbutjuft like dice.
And lucky mains make people wile^
And jumbled words if fortune throw *env
Shall, well as Dryden, form a poem. Prior.

Is it not a firmer foundation for tranquility, to
believe that all things were created, and arc ordered
for the beiV, than that the univerfc is mere bungling
and blundering; all ill-favourcdiy cobbled and y^/m-
bled together by the unguided agitation and rude
fliuffles of matter ? Bentley.

How tragedy and comedy embrace,
How farce and epick get a jumbled race. Pope.

That the univerfe was formed by a fortuitous
concourfe of atoms, 1 will no more believe, than
that the accidental jumbling of the alphabet would
fall into a mofi ingenious treatife of phiiofophy.

S'^ift.

To Ju'mbi.e. i;. n. Tobe agitated together.

They will all meet and jumble together, into a
perfcdl harmony. S^uiy't.

Ju'mble. ». /. [from the verb] Con-
fufed mixture ; violent and confufed agi-
tation. '

Mad the woild been coagmented from that fup-
pofed fortuitous jumble, this hypothcfis had been
tolerable. Glanville.

What jtimile htn is made of ecclefiaftical re-
venues, as if they were all alienated with equal
jtafticc. Hlvift.

Ju'msnt. v. J. [jumfitt, Fr, jumentum,
Latin.] Beaft of burthen.

jfuments, as hurfes, oxen, and afles, have nu
eruilition, or belching. Brtmm's Vulgar Errours.
To Jump, ti, n. [gumpen, Dutch.]
I. To leap; to flcip; to move without ftep
or Aiding.

Not the word of the three but jumps twelve foot
and an half by the fq^arc. Siakejp, Winter's Tale.

The \\iTizou\t jhmpiftg by me.
And fearlefs. quench ihe:r ihiifl, while 1 look on
And take me tor their fellow-citiien. Dryden.

So have 1 feen from Severn's brink,
A ft>ck of ^ztitjumf down together.

J U N

Swim where the bird of Jove would fink.
And fwimming never wet a feather. Svsifii

Candidates petition the emperor to entertain {lie
court with a dance on the rope, and whoever y«rjB^
the highcft fuccceds in the omce.Gulliver't Travcli.

2. To leap fuddenly.

One Peregrinus jumped into a fiery fu'nice at
the Olympick games, only to (hew the company hoy
far his vanity would carry him. Collier.

Wc fee a little, prefume a great deal, and hjumf
to the condufion. SpeQalor.

3. To jolt.

The noife of the prancing horfes, and of the
jumping chariots. Nab, iii. x.

4. To agree ; totally; to join.

Do not embrace me till each ciicumftancc
Of place, time, fortune, do cohere and jump
Ihat 1 am Viola. Sbakefp. Ttvel/tb Night.

In fome fort it jumps with my humour. Sbakefp,

But though they J!tmp not o[i a juft account.
Yet do they all confirm a Turkiih fleet. Sbakefp.

Bccaufc J will tioi jump with common fpints.
And rank me with the barb'rous nations. Sbakefp.

Herein perchance he jumps not with Lipfius.

Hake^vill.

Never did trufty fquire with knrght.
Or knight with fquire, e'cx jump mote right;
Their arms and c<iuipage did ht,
As well as virtues, parts, and wit. Hudibiai,

This (hewshow perfectly the rump
And commonwealth, in nature yum^ t
For as a fly that goes to bed,
Relli with his tail above his head ;
So in this mungiel Hate of ours.
The rabble are the fupreme powers. Hudibru.

Good Wits jump, and mine the nimbler of the two.

More.

Good n«w, how your devotiont jump with mine !

Dryden,

I am happier for finding our judgments jump ia
the notion. Pope to Siui/'t.

■7a Jump. -v. a. To pafj by a leap; to
pafs eagerly orcarelefsly over.

Here, upon this bank and Ihclve of time.
We'd jump the life to come. Sbakefp, Macielk,

Jump. adv.Y.x.ifWy ; nicely. Obfolete.

Oiherwife one vsan could not exccll anothci, but
all Ihould be either abfolutcly good, as hittingyVm^
that indiviuMe poiiit or center wherein goodneiG
conftllcih ; or clfe mifling it, they (hould be excluded
out of the number of well-doers. Hooker,

But fince iojump upon this bloody qucftion.
You from the Polack wars, and you Irom England,
Are here arriv'd. Sbakefp. Hamltt,

Myfelf the while to draw the Moor apart.
And bring \i\m jump, where he may Cartio find
Soliciting his wife. Sbakefp. Othello.

Jump, n.J. [from the verb,]

1. The aft of jumping ; a leap; a (kip.

The fureft way foi a learner is, not to advance by
jumps, and large ftrides j let that, which he fet»
himfelf to learn next, be as nearly conjoined with
what he knows already, as is poflible. Ltckt.

2. A lucky chance.

Do not exceed
The prefcript of this fcrowl : our fortune lie*
Upon this jump. Sbakefp. Ant. and Cleopatra,

3. [Jupe, French.] A wailtcoat ; a kind
of loofc or limber ftays worn by fickljr
ladies.

The weeping caflbck fcar'd into a jump,
A fign the prelbytcr's worn to the (lump. Cleavetand,
Ju'ncate. n.y. \_juncade, Vt.gioncata ItalJ.

1 . Cheefecake ; a kind of fvvectraeat of
curds andfugar.

2. Any delicacy.

A goodly table of pure ivory.
All fpread withyV/Kj.vj, fit to enlertam
The greatLil prince. Spcnfer.

With ftorus told of many a feat,
How lairy Mab the juncates eat. Milim.

3. A furtive or private entertainment. It
is now improperly written jutAct in this
fenfc, which alone remains much in ufe.
See Junket. .

} Ju'hcows.

J U N

Ju'ucons. adj. \jutictus, Lat.] Full of

bulrufhes.
Ju'mction. «.y; [/wkffwa Fr.] Union;

coalition.
Upon the junUlon of the two corps, our fpics

dircovered a great cloud of dult. Add'ijon,

Jtr'NCTi/RE. ».y [junSura, Latin.)

1. The line at which two things are joined
together.

licfides thofc grofler elements of bodies, fait,
fulphur, and meri:ury, there may be ingredients of
a more fubtile natjie, which being extremely little,
may efcape unhceiled at \!nt juncluret ot the diftil-
latory veflcls, thoui,h never fo careluUy luted, ^y/r.

2. Joint articulation.

She has made the back-bone of feveral vertebrje,
as being lei's in danger of breaking than if they were
til one entire bone without ihofc gnftlyyawiSarw.

Afce.

All other animals have tranfverfe bodies ; and
though fome do raife themfetves upon their hinder
legs to an upright pofture, yet they cannot endure
it long, neither arc the Bgures or jun^uretf or order
of their bones, lilted to fuck a poilure. Halt,

3. L'nion; amity.

Nor are the fobereft of them fo apt for that de-
votional compliance and junSlure of hearts, which
1 dcfire to bear in thofe holy offices to be performed
with me. King Cbarlcs.

4. A critical point or article of time.

By thisprofeffion in (hit junliuye of time, they bid
farewei to all the pleafures of this life. Addljon.

When any law does not conduce to the publick
fafety, butin fome eitraordinary ^b«-;»i-«, the very
obfervation of it would endanger the community,
that law ought to be laidalleep. AddiJ^^n,

June n.f. [/«/«, l-r. y«w<;//, Lat.] The
fixth month from January.

^uae is drawn in a mantle of dark green.

Peacham.

Jc'nior. adj. [junior, Lat.] One younger
than another.

The fools, my Juniori, by a year.
Are tortur'd with fufpence and tear.
Who wifely thought my age a fcreen.
When death approach'd to lland between. Svflft.

According to the nature of men of years, 1 was
repining at the rife of my Juniors, and unequal di-
ftribution of wealth. Taz/rr.

Ju'nipeR. n,/. [juni/ifrui, Lat.] A tree.

A clydcr may be made of the common decoctions,
or of mallows, bay, and juniftr beriies, with oil oi
linfecd. _ IHJeman.

Jo NK. n.f. [probably an Indian word.]

1. A fmall fhip of China.

America, which have now but yWwii and canoes,
abounded then in call Ihips. Bacon't Nfw Ata/antis.

2. Pieces of old cable.

Jw'nket. a. J. [properly juucate.} See

JuNt ATE.

1, A fweetmeat.

You know, there wants no juniett at the fea(^.

Sbdh/ftart,

2. A ftolen entertainment.

Te Ju'nicet. v. /t. [from the noun.]
X, To feaft fecrctly ; to make entertainments
by Health.

Whatever good bits you can pilfer in the day, fave
them u> junkti with your fcUow-fervants at night.

S-u'ifl.

2. To feaft.

job's children junketid u\i feaAed together often,

but the reckoning cott them dear at lall. South.

The apoltle woiild have no revelling or junket i fig.

South.

JL'NTO. n. f. [Italian.] A cabal ; a
kind of men combined in any fecrct

dclign.

Would men have fpent toilfome days and watch-
liil nights in the laborious queit of knowledge pre-
^ativc to this work, at length come aod dance
aaeaJanct for approbation upon a /«»/« of petty

J U R

tyrants, afled by party and prejudice, who denied
fitnefs from learning, and grace from morality ?

South,

From this time began an intrigue between his
majelly and a jutno o( miuillcts, which had like to
have ended in my deftruftiou. Gulliver's Travels,
I'voRY. »._/. [i-voire, Fr. ebur, Lat.]

hory is a hard, folid, and fii m fubftance, of a
fine white colour; it is the dens excrtus of the ele-
phant, who carries on each fide of his jaws a tooth
of fix or feven feet in length ; the two fometimes
weighing three hundred and thirty pounds : thefe
i-vory tulks are hollow from the bafe to a certain
height, and the cavity is filled with a compail me-
dullary fubltance. Hill.

There is more difference between thy fielh and
hers, than between jet and ivory. Shnkefj).

Draw Erato with .t fweet and lovely countenance,
bearing a he.irt with an ivory key. Peacham.

From their ivory port the cherubim
Forth iffu'd. Milton.

Two gates the filent houfe of fleep adorn.
Of polilh'd iv'ry this, that of tranfparent hojn :
True vifions through tranfparent horn aiife.
Through polifh'd iVr;' pafs deluding lies. Dryden.

Juppo'n. n. /. \j<ppon, Fr.] A Ihort clofe
coat.

Some wore a breaft-plate and a \\^\ juppon
Their horfcs cloth'd vvitii rich caparilbn. Dryden,
Ju'rat. n.f. [jurat us, Lat. jure, Fr.]

A m.igiftrate in fome corporations.
Ju'ratoRY. adj. \jurat!iire,ft. juro,\A\.^
comprifing an oath. '

A contumacious perfon may be compelled to give
juratory caution de parendojuri, Ayliffe's Parergon.
J vri'dical. adj. [jurikicus, Lat. jundijue,
French.]

1. Afting in the diftribution of juftice.

2. Ufed in courts of juftice.

According to ayK/7(//Va/ account and legal ftgni-

ficaiion, time within memory, by the Itatuie of

Weftminfter, was fettled in the beginning of the

reign of king Richard the Firll. Hale,

JvKi'oic ALLY, ad-v. [ftomjuridical.] With

leg:il authority; according to forms of

jultice.

Ju'risconsult. »./. [juris confullus , Lat.]

One who gives his opinion in cafes of law.

There is mention mdde, in a decilion ot the ju-

rifconjult Javolemus, ol a Btitannick fleet.

Arbutbnot on Ciins,
JuRiSDi'cTTON. n. f. [jurijdidio, Latin,
jurifdiBion, French.]

1. Legal authority ; extent of power.

Sometimes the pradtice of fuch jurijdi^iion may
fwerve through error even in the very belt, and for
other refpetli, where lefs integrity is. Hooker,

You wrought to be a legate ; by which power
You maim'd \\\t jurifdiBion of all bilhops, Shakefp,

All perfons cxercifing 'ecclefiartical juriJdiSiion
Hiould hare the king's arms in their feats oi office.

HayUJard.
This place exempt
From Heav'n's highjurifdiliiin. Milton,

As Adam had no luch power as gavs him fove-
it\%,n jurijdiBion over mankind. Locke.

'i'liis cuflnm in a popular ilate, of impeaching
particular men, may fcem to be nothing elfe but
the peop;e*s chuling to exercile their own jurif.
di^ion in pciion. S-wiji.

2. Diftridt to which any authority extends.
Jurispru'dence. »./. [jurifpnidence, Fr.

jurijfrudentia, Latin.] The fcience of

law.

Ju'rist. n.f. [jurijie, Vt. jttra, Lat.] A

civil lawyer ; a man who profcfles the

fcience 01 the law ; a civilian.

This is not to be meafurcd by the principles of

jurijli. Bacon.

Ju'ror. n.f. [juro, Latin.] One that
ferves on the jury.
Were the jurou picked out of ctiQice tMn> the

J UR

evidence will be as deceitful as the vcrdiA,

Sfenftr on Irelandm

I (ball find your lordfliip judge andy/^ror,
You arc fo merciful, X Tee your end,
*Tis my uiiduiag. Shakefp. Hfnry VIII,

I ling no harm, good footh ! to an) wight,
yuroif or judge. Donnf,

About noon t\\c jurors went together, and becaufe

they could notagree, they were (hut in. Hayuard^

Ju'ry. «. y; [jurata, IdX.jwe, French.]

yury, a company of men, as twen'y-four, or
twelve, fworn to deliver a truth upon fuch evidence *
as fiiali be delivered them touching the matter in
queilion. There be tliree manners of trials ia
England : one by parliament, another by battle,
and the tlaul by aiVize ov jury^ The trial by aflize,
be the aOion civil or criminal, publick or private,
perfonal or real, is ref^-rred for the fa6l to aywryi and
as they hnd ir, fo pafleth the judgment. This jury
is ufed not or>!y in circuits of juftices errant, but
alfo in other couits, and matters ol office, as, if
the cfchea'ourmake inquiiition in any thing touching
his office, lie doth it by a jury ol inqueft : if the
coroner inquire how a fuhj^ft found dead came to his
end, he ufcth an inqueli : the juftices of peace in
the quarter-fciiions, the flierin in his county and
turn, the bailiff of a hundred, the iteward of a
court-leet or court-baron, it they inquire of any
offence, or decide any caufe between party and party,
they do it b) the fame m;inner : fo that where it is
faid, that all things be triable by parliament, battle,
or affize ; alTizc, in this place, is taken for aywr)* or
inqueli, empaniiclled upon any caufe in a court where
tlni kind of trial is ufed. This jury^ though It
appertain to moft courts of the common law, yet it
is moft notorious in the half-year courts of ihejullices
errants, commonly called the great affize-, and in
the quaitei-feffions, and in them it is mollordiiiarily
called a^iery* ^""^ *'^'^^ '" *^'^'' caules ; whereas in
other courts it is often termed an inrjiicft. In the
general affize, there are ufually manyywnVj, becaufc
there be fforc of caufes, both civil and cr:minal,
commonly to be tried, whcreot one is called the
grand yVr>', and the relt pctii_/«i/Vj. The grand yKry
confilts ordinarily ot twenty-tour grave and lubitan-
tial gentlemen, or fome of them yeomen, chofen
indifferently out of the whole (hire by the iheriff,
to confider of all bills ol indidment preferred to the
court; which they do tiiber approve by writing
upon ihcm ihefc words, hUla njera, or difallow
by writing ignoramus. Such as they do ipprovc,
it they touch lite and death, arc farther referred to
another ytfry to be conlidered of, becaufe the cafe is
ot fuch iaijjortance ; but others of lighter moment
are, upoir their allowance, without moie work, hned
by the bench, except the party traveifi the indicS^-
ment, or challenge it for infufficicncy, or remove
the caufe to a higher court by certiorari \ in which
two former cafes it is referred to anothcryi^r)', and in
the latter tranfmitted to the hightr court, 'i hole that
pafs upon civil caufes real, arc all, or fo many as
can conveniently be had, oi ihc fame hundred where
the land or tenement in qucltion doth lie, and four
at the leaff ; and they, upon due exammation, bring
in their vcrdidt either tor the demandant or tenant :
according unto which, judgment paffcth afterward
in the court where the caule tirit began ; and the
rcaloh hcieofi.^, becaufc thofcjulhces ot affuc are,
in this cafe, for the cafe of the countiifs only to take
the vcrdiit of the jury by the virtue ot the writ
called niji prius^ and lo return it to the court where
ihc caufe is dtpeiiding. Co'wel,

'Vhejury palFmg on the prifoner's life.
May in the fworn twelve have a thief or two
GuiUicr than him they try.

> Hhakefpeare* s Mcajure far Meafure,

How innocent 1 was.
His noble yz/ry and ioul'cauliecan wlCnefs.

Sbakcfpeare^

Clodius was acquitted by a corrupt jury^ that had
palpably taken fharcs of money before they gave up
their verdidt. Bacott,

Ju'ryman. n.f. [j»fy and OTff».] , One
who is impannelkd on a jury.

The hungry judges foon ihe fcntcnce fign.
And wretches hang that y«r)Wf« may dine. Pt>p0t'
No judge was known, upon or off the bench,
to ufc tijc kaft iufinuatipD, ihdt might affcdt the

intcrcfts

J u s

tnterefti of any one Cngle jurymaii, much lefi of »
whole jury. S-wiJi.

Ju'rymast. »./. It feems to be properly
duree ma ft, mat de diirie, a mnf made to
laji for the prcfent occaiion. 60 the fea-
men call whatever they fet up in the
room of a maft loft in a fight or by a
ftorm ; being fome great yard which
ihey put down into the ilep of that lolt
maft, faftening it into the partners, and
fitting to it the miflen or fome lefler yard
with fails and topes, and with it make a
fluft to fail. Harris.

JUST. adj. \jufie, Yt.juftus, Latin.]

1. Upright ; incorrupt ; equitable in the
diftribution of juftice.

Take it, while yet 'tis praife, before my lagc

Onfafely/V'" '>''•''' '°°*' °" ''■'* '^^^ "S^' ^'y^'"-

Men arc commonly iojuji to virtue and gooJnefs,

as to praise it in oiherj, even when they do not prac-

tife it thcmfelvcs. . TMolJon.

2. Honeft ; without crime in dealing with
others.

'fuji balances,/;;/? weights, "and a>/ ephah.

Leu. xix.

3. I know not whether ^/^ of\as any other
authority.

y»/? n/"thy word, in ev'ry thought fincere,
Who knew nowifli but what the world migtit hear.

Poft.

4. Exaft ; proper ; accurate.

Boileau's numbers are excellent, his exprelTions
noble, hit thoughu/H/?, his language pure, and his
fenfe clofe. Dryden.

Thefe fcenes were wrought,
Embellilh'd with good morals mijuji thought.

Granville.

Juji precepts thus from great examples giv'n,
She drew from them what they deiiv'd from Heav'n.

Popt.

JuJi to the tale, as prefent at the fray.
Or taught the labours of the dreadful way. Pepe.

Once on a time La Mancha's knighs they fay,
A certain bard encount'ring on the way,
Difcours'd in terms 3%j«Ji, with looks as fage.
As e're could Dennis of the laws o' tli' ftage. Pope.

Though the fyllogifm be irregular, yet the infe-
fences injujl and true. IValis't Logici

5. Virtuous; innocent; pure.

Howfliould manbey*^ with God? Job.

Aj'Jl man fallelh feven times and rifeth. Praverts.

He (hall be recompenced at the refuneilion of the
jufl. Matt.

The JuJ} th' unjull to ferve. Miliar.

6. True ; not forged.

Crimes were laid to his charge too many, the
leaft whereof beingjv/?, had bereaved him of ellima-
tion and credit. Hooker.

7. Grounded on principles of juftice; rightful.

Me though juft right
Did firftcreate your leader. Milton.

6. Equally retributed.

He received ijufi recompenfe of reward.

Heb. ii. 2,
Whofe damnation MJuft. Rom.'m, g.

As Hefiod fmgs, fprrad water o'er thy fields,
' And a mo^juji and glad increafe it yields. Denbam.

9. Complete without fuperfluity or defeft.

He was a comely perfonage, a little i\i0wtjuji
ftature, well and Unit limbed, but (lender.

Hacon'i HenrjiVll,

xo. Regular; orderly.

When all
The war (hall (land ranged in lUJuJi array.
And dreadful pomp, then will I think 00 thee.

Addifan.

1 1 . Exaftly proportioned.

The prince is here at hand : pleafeth your lotdlhip
To meet his grace, yV/7dillance 'tween our armies ?

Sbakefftare.

tz. Full; of full dimcnfions.

Vii foldicn bad (kirn)i(hes with the Numidiuis,
4

JUS

fo thatene« the (kirmiih wai lik< la htvc com« to a

jufi battle. Knollet't Hijiory.

There is not any one particular above mentioned,
but would take up the bufinefs oitjyjl volume.

Hale'i Origin of Mankind.

There feldom appeared a y//^ army ui the civil wars.

Puifhe/i ofNevicaJHe.

Just, ad-v,

1. Exaftly; nicely; accurately.

The god Pan guided my \iiaijujl to the heart of
the beall. Sidney.

They go about to make us believe that they are
juft of the fame opinion, and that they only think
fuch ceremonies are not to be lifcd when they are un-
profitable, or when -as good or better may be efta-
blilhed. Hooker.

There, ty'njufi there, he flood : and at (he fpoke,
Where lall the fpcflie was, the caft her louk

Dryden.

A few undetftand him right ;/<<// as when our
Saviour faid, in an allegorical fenfc, except ye eat
the flc(h of the foa of man, and drink his blood, ye
have no life in you. Bentley.

'Tis with our judgments as our watches none,
Goyw/? alike; yet each believes his own. Pope.

2. Merely; barely.

It is the humour of weak and trifling men to value
thcmfelvcs uponyi*^ nothing at all. L'EJIrange.

The Ncrejdsfwam before
To fmooth the feas; a foft Etc(iang.ile
liMtjfJl infpir'd and gently fwell'd ilie fail. Dryden.

Give me, ye gods, the product of one field.
That fo 1 neither may be rich not poor ;
And having_/:/^ enough, not covet more. Dryden.

3. Nearly; almoft ; ta/ilum tion.

Being (pent with age, andy/;^ at the pointof death,
Democritus called for loaves of new bread to be
brought, and with the (learn of them under his nofe
prolonged his life. Temple.

Jt;sT. »,/. [;6«/?^, French.] Mock encoun-
ter on horfeback; tilt; tournament. Joitfi
more proper.

None was either more grateful to the beholders,
or more noble in itfelf, than ju.fl', both with fword
and launce, Sidney.

What news } hold ihakjufts and triumphs ?

Shakefp.
Among themfelves the tourney they divide.
In equal fquadrons rang'd on either lide ;
Then turn'd their horfes heads, and man to man.
And (leed to deed oppos'd, ihejti^s began. Dryden.
To Just. o;. n. [joujitr, French.]

1. To engage in a mock fight ; to tilt.

2. Topufh; to drive; tojuftle.
JU'STICE. n. /. [juftice, French; y^/Vw,

Latin.]

1 . The virtue by which we give to every
man, what is his due ; oppofed to injury
or lurong. It is either dijiribiiti've,^\it-
longing to magiftrates ; or commutati've,
refpefting common tranfaflions between
men.

O that I were Judge, I would doy/j/J/Ve. iSam.

The king-becoming graces,
AijuJIiee, verity, temp'rance, (lablenefs,
1 havcnorelilh ofthem. Sbakrfp. Macbeth.

The nature and oflfice oijiijiice being to difpofe the
mind to a condant and perpetual readinefs to render
to every man his due, it is evident, that if gratitude
be a part oijujiict, it muft be converfant about fome-
thing that is due to another. Leeke.

2. Equity ; agreeablencfs to right : as, ie
prirved the juftice of his claim.

3. Vindicative retribution; punifhment ;
oppofed to mercy.

He executed ihtjufiice of the Lord. Deut.

Lety<r^/Ve overtake us. ^. lix. 9.

Examples oi juftice muft be made for terror to
fome ; examples of mercy, for comfort to others.

Bacon's Advice to VilUers.

4. Right; aftertion of right.

Draw thy fword,
That if my fpeech offend a noble heart.
Thy arm nu/ da thee /»//«. Sl/akeff, King Lear.

JUS

5. [ytifliciarius, I«tt.] One deputed by the
king todo right by wayofjudgment.Co<u</.

And thou, Efdivas, ordain judgei ini jirfticts, that
theymay judge in all Syria. \ E/drai.

6. J u 'stick of the King's Bench. [ji,Jii\ia~
rius de Baufue Regis.] Is a lord by his
office, and the chief of the reft ; where-
fore he is alfo alkd ca/>italij ju/liciarirt
Anglief. His ofEce efpeciaily is to hear
and determine ail pleas of the crown ;
that is, fuch as concern offences committed
againft the cronn, dignity, and peace of
the king; .ns treafons. felonies, mayhems,
and fuch like: but it is come to pafs,
that he with his afliftants hcareth all per.
fonal anions, and real alfo, if they be
incident to any perfonal adiou depending
before them. Cmuef,

Give that whipdcr his errand.
He'll take my lord c\\\ei juftice' warrant. Prior.

7. Ju'sTICE if the Common Pleas. \juf.
liciarius Communium Flacilorum. 1 Is a
lord by his office, and is called domiimt

jiijiiciariiis commutiitim placilorum. W^
with his affiftants originally did hear and
determine all caiifes at the common law ;
that is, all civil caufes between common
perfons, as well perfonal as real ; for
which caufe it was called the court of
common pleas, in oppofition to the pleas
of the crown, or the king's pleis, which
are fpecial, and appertaining to him only.

Catuel,

8. Ju'sTICE of the Foreji. [jujiiciariiit
Forejice.] Is a lord by his office, and
hath the hearing and determining of all
offences within the king's foreft, com-
mitted againft venifon or vert ; of thefe
there be two, whereof the one hath jurif-
di^ion over all the forefts on this fide
Trent, and the other of all beyond.

Cotvel.

9. Ju'sTICES of AJJife. [jufticiarii ad en ft-
endas AJjifas.\ Are fuch as-were wont,
by fpecial commiffion, to be fent into
this or that country to take affifes; the
ground of which polity was the eafe of
the fubjeds ; for whereas thefe adions
pafs always by jury, fo many men might
not, withoutgi^at hinderance, be brought
to London ; and therefore juftices, for
this purpofe, were by commiffion par-
ticularly authorifed and fent down to
them. Cootv/.

to. Ju'sTICES in Eyre, [jujiiciarii itine-
rantes.] Are fo termed of the French errt,
iter. The ufe of thefe, in ancient time,
was to fei)d them with commiffion into
divers counties; to hear fuch caufes
efpeciaily as were termed the p!eas of the
crown, and therefore I muft imagine
they were fent abroad for the eafe of
the fubjefts, who muit elfe have been
hurried to the King's Bench, if the caufe
were too high for the county court.
They differed from the juftices of Oyer
and Terminer, becaufe they were fent
upon fome one or few efpecial cafes, and
to one place; whereas the juftices in eyre
were fent through the provinces and coun-
tries of the land, with more indefinite and
general commiffion. Cow<'/

II. Justices.

JUS

ri. JutTICIS of Gaol Delivery. Vfujliciarii
ad Gaolas deliberandas.'\ Are fuch as are
fent with commiffion to hear and deter-
mine all caufck appertaining to fuch as
for any offence are cad into gaol, part of
whofe authority is to punifh fuch as let
to mainprife thofe prifoners that by law
be not bailable. Thefe by likelihood,
in ancient time, were fent to countries
upon feveral occafions ; but afterward
juftices of affife were likewife authorifed
to this. Ccwel.

IJ, Ju'sTiCESo/" Nifi Prius are all one now-
a-days with jullices of aflife; for it is a
common adjournment of a caufc, in the
common pleas, to put it off' to fuch a
day : nifi prius jiijiiciarii ijenerint ad eas
partes ad capiendas ajjijas ; and upon this
claufe of adjournment they are called
jullices of niji priut, as well as juftices of
affife, by reafon of the writ or aflion
that they have to deal in. Ccwel.

13. Ju'sTicES cf Peace. [Ji/fticiarii ad
Pacem,] Are they that are appointed by
the king's commiflion, with others, to
attend the peace of the country where
they dwell ; of whom fome, upon efpe-
cial refpeft, are made of the quorum,
becaufe fome bufinefs of importance may
not be dealt in without the prefenoc of
them, or one of them. Coivel.

Thejufiice,
In fair round belly wiih good capon linM,
With cy« fcverc, and beard of formal cut,
Full of wife faws and modern inilaiices.
And fo he plays his pai*. Sbakcff. Aijcu like !t.

Thou haft appointed juftices ot the peace to call
poor men before them, about matters they were not
able to anfwer. Shaltefp,

'I'he jaft'ices of peace are of great ufe : anciently
they were confervators of the peace ; thefe are the
lame, faving that feveral a£ls of parliament have en-
larged their jurifdiflion.* Bacon.

7a Jo'sTiCE. 'T. <j [from the nonn.] To
adminifter jufticc to any. A \\'ord not
in ufe.

Ai for the title of profcription, wherein the empe-
ror hath been judge and party, and \\ix\\jitjliced hXta-
felf. Cod forbid but that it fhould endure an appeal
to a war. Bacon.

Whereas one Sirward, a Scot, was apprehended
for intending 10 poifjn the young queen of Scots ;
the Icing delivered him to (he French king, to be
juflked\ii him at hlsplcalijre. H.ijtvard.

Ju'sTicEMENT. »./. [i'iomju/lice.\ Pro-
cedure in courts.

Jf'sTlctR. «./. [(rom To Jujiice.] .'Idmi-
niftrator of juftice. An old word.

He was a fingular gooJ jujiicer; and if he bad
not died in the ftcond year of hit government, was
the likelieft perfoa to have reformed ike EngltOi
colonies. Daviit 6n Iretand.

Ju'sTicESHip. «./. [(torn juftice.} Rank
or office of juftice. S^vift.

JvjsTi'ciABi.E, <7<^'. [from Ju/lice-l Proper
to he examined in courts of juftice.

Jo'sTIFIABtE. Cr/^'. [ftom _/«/?//>.] Dc-

fcnfiblc bv law or reafon.

Juft are the ways of Cod,
And ju/lifiaili to men. Mi/ton's Agoniftes.

AiihrM:gh fome jrimals in the water do carry a
juJIftMe refemblance 10 fome at land, yet arc the
-•oiajorpart which bear their names unlike.

Bro-wn^l Vulgar Errours.
Jv 's 7 1 » I A B L E N E S S. ;/. /. [from jnftifiahle. ]

Reftitude; poffibility ot being fairly de-
fended.
Vol. I.

JUS

Men, jealous of the_/»^//fji/«f^ of their doings
before God, never think they have human ftrength
enough. King Charles.

Ju'sTiFlABLY. ad^v. [from jnftiftable.]
Rightly ; fo as to be fupported by right ;
defenfibly.

A man may mon jufliJiabJy throw crofi and pile
for his opinions, than take them up by fuch meafures.

lAcke.

JusTiFiCA'TroN. «. /. [ju/liftcation, Fr.
ji'ftificatio, low Latin.]

1. Abfolution.

r hope, for my brother's jiiftification, he wrote
this but as an elTay of my virtue. Shakeffeare.

2. Defence; maintenance; vindication;
fupport.

Among theological arguments, in juftificatian of
abfolute obedience, was one of a lingular nature.

. a-wift.

3. Deliverance by pardon from fins paft.

Clarke.
In fuch righteoufnefs
To them by faith imputed, they may finl
Juftlftcation towards God, and peace
Of conlcience. Milton's Paradlfe Loft.

'Tis the confummation of that former aft of faith
by this latter, or, in the words of St. Paul and St.
James, the confummation of faith by charity and
good works, that Cod accepteth in Chrift lojufliftca-
lion, and not the bare aptnefs of faith to bi ing forth
works, if thofe works, by the fault of a i^ebcUious in-
fidel, will not be brought forth. Hammond.

Justifica'tor. »./. [horn juftify.] One

who fupports, defends, vindicates, or

juftifies.
J t;'sTi Ft E R . »./. \Uomjuftify.-] One who

juftifies ; one who defends or abfolves ;

one who frees from fin by pardon.
That he might be juft, and the juftlfitr of him

which believeth in Jefus. Rom. iii. 26.

•r» JU'STIFY. V. a. lj,ftifier, French;
j'lftificoy low Latin.]

1. To clear from imputed guilt; to ab-
folve from an accufation.

The law hath judg'd thee, Eleanor;
I cmnat juftifj whom law condemns. Sbakrfptare.

Thy lay, behold a man gluttonous, a friend of
publicans and finners ; but v.lldom Ujuftlfted of her
children. M^„_

How can man htjuftiftcd with God ? Or how can
he be clean that is boin of a woman ? Joi.

There is an exquillte fubtilty, and the fame is
unjultj and there is a wife man \i\M juftifteb in
judgment. Eeclef.

Sin may be forgiven through repentance, but no
aft or wit of man will tytt juftijy thsm. Sherlock.

You're neithery/y*//fr;/, nor yet accus'd. Dryden.

2. To maintain ; to defend; to vindicate.

\yhen we began in courteous manner to lay his
unkindnefs unto him, ho feeing himfelf confronted
by fo many, like a rcfolute orator, went not to de-
nial, but tajiiftijy hii cruel falfchood, Sidney.

What (he did, whatever in iifclf.
He doing fccin'd to jujiify the deed. Alilan.

.My unwilling flight the gods inforce,
And that muft/iz/Jj/v our fad divorce. Denbam.

Yet ftill thy fools'lhall ftar.d in thy defence,
hnijuftify their aulhoi's want of fciife. Dryden.

Let m\wnjuftify their millions as they can, we
are fure we cmjiiftify that of our fathcn by an un-
interrupted fuccelfion. Atterbury.

3. To free from paft fin by pardon.

By him all that believe Ire juftijied from all
things, from which ye could not \i^ pftiftcd by the
law of Mofcs. Atis.

To Ju'sTt.E. rv.n. [from Juft, Joifter. Ft.]
'I'o encounter; toclafti; to rulh againft
each other.

While injury of chance
Puts back leave-taking, y,7^/« roughly by
All time of paufe, rudely beguiles our lips
Of all rejointurc. tbake/p, Troilut and Crrfftda.

JUT

ThecharioU Oiall rage in the ftreets, they Oial'
]uftle one againft another in the broad ways; , >

Nab. if. 4.
Argo pafs'd, , ,

Through Bofphonis, betwixt iht Jtiftling rocks.

Miltpt.
Late the clouds '

ftfftllng, or pufh'd with winds, rude in their ftiock,
line the (lant lightning. Milton's Puradife Loft.

Not one ftarry fpark,
But gods meet gods, and j:ifiU in the dark. Lee.

Courtiers therefore y>////* for a grant ;
Aud, when they break their friendlhip, plead their

_. ""^"f- Dryden.

The more remote run ftumbling with their fear.
And, in the dark, mtnjuftU as they meet. Dryd.

When elephant 'gainll elephant did rear
His trunk, and caftles juftl,d in the air,
My fword thy way to vidtory had (hown. Dryden.

Was there not one who had fet bars and doors to
It, andfaid, Hitherto (halt thou come, but no farther,
and here Ihall thy proud waves be ftaid ; then might
we well expeft fuch viciffitudes, fach Juftlings and
clafhings in nature. H-'oodward.

I thouglu the dean had been too proud
To juftle liere among a croud. Sivi/t.

To Jus'tle. rj. a. To pufh; to drive;
to force by rulhing againft it. It is com •
monly ufed with a particle following, a»

out Qtof.

Private and (ingle abilities (hould tiot juftle out
and deprive the church of the joint abilities of many
learned and godly men. King Charles.

Many excellent ftrains have been juftleJ off by
their intrulions. hrtwn's Vulgar Errours,

The furly commons ftiall refped deny.
And juftle peerage out with property. Dryden.

It is not to be imagined that the incongruous al-
phabets and abufes of writing can ever be juftled out
of their polTcirion of all libraries. H.lder.

Running in the dark, a man may JuftU a port.

CMier.

Abfent good, though thought on, not making any
part of unhappinefs in its abfencc, \s juftled out, la
make way lor the removal of ihofe uneafinefl'es vv»
'«'• . Locke.

Vie juft led one another out, and difputed the polt
for a great while. Addifon's Guardian. '

Jus'tly. odi: [fromy/z/Z.]

1. Uprightly; honeftly; in a juft manner.

Nothing can juftly be defpifed, that cinnot juftly "
be blamed : where there is no choice, theie can be
no blame. Smth.

With Ignominy fcourg'd, in open light :
Next view the Tarquiii kings j tli' avenging fword
Of ^siAm juftly drawn, and Rome reftor'd. Dryd.

The goddel's, ftudious of her Grecians' fate,
Taught them in laws and letters to excel.
In 3t\\nijuftly, and in writing well. Prior.

2. Properly; exaftly ; accurately.
Their artful hands inltruft the lute to found.

Their feet alTift their hands, and juftly beat the
ground. Drjd.

Ju'sTNESs. »,/. [fromy/^.]

1. juftice; reafonablenefs ; equity. 7»/?*5/}
is properly applied to things, and pftice
to perfons ; though we now fay ihcjuftice -
of a caufe, as well as of a judge.

It maketh unto the right of the war againft him,
whofe fuccefs ul'ctli commonly to be according to the
juftitefs of the caufe for which it is made.

Sfenfer on IrelanS.
We may not think (hejuftnrfs of each aft
Such and no other than event doth form it.

Sbakefpeare.

2. Accuracy ; exatSnefs ; propriety. In tliis
fcnfc it is now moft ufed.

I value the fatisfaftion I had in feeing it reprefent-
ed with all CMJuflneft and gracefuliiefs of aftion.

Dryden,

I appeal to the people, was the ufual faying of a

very excellent draniatick poci, wheie he had any dif-

pute with particular perfons about the juftne/s and

regularity of his prodi(flions. Addiftm.

To Jut. 1', p. [This word is fuppofed to

1 be corrupted from jet, perhaps from /^<w/. 1

' 6U To

JUT

fFo pu(h or (boot into prominencies ; to
come out beyond the main bullc.

Tnrulting tyranny begins to Jul
Upon the innocent and awlefs throne. ShaJteffteare,

All the prrjc^ed or jutting parts (bould be very
jBoderaKi cffccially the cornices of.the lower orders.

ffiinon.

The land, if not rcftrain'd, had met your vny,
Proje£)ed out a neck, iaijutifd to the Tea. Drydtn,

Broke by thejulting land on either fide ;
i In double ftreams the oriny waters glide. Dryden,

It feeOM to jut out of the ftruifiure of the poem,
and be independentof it. Broome,

Ti JuTTY. T. a. [from _/«/.] To (hoot
out beyond.

Then lend the eye a terrible afpedl ;
Let it pry through the portage of the head
Like a brafs cannon : let the brow o'eiwbelm it
As fearfully as doth a galled rock
O'erhang andjutty his confounded bafe,
Swili'd with the wild and walleful ocean.

Siaie/feart.

J UiK

JUVENILE, a^-. [juwnilis, Lat.] Young;
youthful.

learning hath Its infancy when it is almofl
childilh ; then its youth, when it is luxuriant and
juveii/e; then its ftrength of years, when it is folid;
and liUlj, iu old age, when it waxeih dry and
exhauft. Bacoa'i Bffayt,

Juveni'lity. n.f. [ftomjufvem/e,]

1. Youthfulnefs.

The reftauration of grey hairs to jimm'ility, an *
renewing cxhaufted marrow, may be eliefted without
a miracle. Glanville.

2, Light and carelefs manner.

Cullomary ftrains and ablVa^ed juveniihies have
made it diflncult to commend and fpeak credibly in
dedications. Glarfville,

Ju'xTAPOSlTiON. n. f. [juxtapojttioa, Fr.
juxta and pofitio, Latin. J Appofition ;
the ftate of being placed by each other.

Nor can it be a difference, that the parts of folld
bodies arc held together by books, fince the cohe-

J Y M

rene« of thefe will be of difficult conception ; and we
mud either fuppofe an infinite number of them hold-
ing togcihtr, or at laft come to parts that are united
by a mcnjuxtapajiihn. damiiUc.

I'vy. n.f. [ip3, Saxon; /^</<rr«, Latin.]
A plant.

It is a parafitick planr, fending forth roots or fibres
from its branches, by which it is fal>ened to cither
hees, walls, or plants which are near it, and from
thence receives a great (hare of its nourifhrnent.

Miller.

A gown made of the fineft wool ;
A belt of Itraw, and ivy buds,
With coral clafps and amber lluds;
And it thefe pleafurcs may thee movc»
Come live with me and be my love. RaUi^B.

Dire<S the clafping ivy where to climb, MUioH.

jt'uoLD.ad;. [SeeGiMAL.]

Their poor jades
Lob down their heads, dropping the hide and hipSi
And in their pale dull mouths ihc/ym/d bit
Lies, foul with chew'd grafs, (till and motioolefs.

K

K A M

KA letter borrowed by the Englifli
, from the Greek alphabet. It has
before all the vowels one invariable
found : as, he/i, ken, kill. It is ufed
after t at the end of words: as, knock,
clock, crack, back, brick, Jiick, pluck, check,
which were written anciently with e final :
as, clocle, checke, tricke. It is alfo in ufe
between a vowel and the filent e final : as,
cloke, broke, brake, pike, duke, eke. Ir like-
wife ends a word after a di|>thong : as,
look, break, jhook, leek. The Englifh never
ufe c at the end of a word. A is filent
in the prefent pronunciation before n :
as, knife, knee, knell.
Ka'lendar. »./ [now written ca/fWar.]
An account of time.

Let this pernicious hour
Stand ay accurfed in the kaleitdor. Sbaiefp, Maci.

K'ali. n. f. [an Arabick word.J Sea-
weed, of the afhes of which glafs was
made ; whence the word alkali.

The allies of the weed Xa/i are fold to the Vene-
tians for their glafs works. Bacon.

Kam. adj. Crooked.

Kem, in Erfe, is f^uint eyed, and applied to any
thing awry : clean kam fignifies crooked, athwart,
awry, crofs from the purpofe. A-jctemto, Italian ;
hence our EngliOi a-kimoo.

Clean ism is, by vulgar pronunciation, brought to
ilm-Ham.

This it clean kam; mctelj »wrj. Siak'/feort,

K E C

To Kaw. <d. fi. [from the found.] To cry
as a raven, crow, or rook.

Jack-daws kaviing and fluttering about the nefts,
fet all their young ones a-gaping; but having no-
thing in their mouths but air, leave them as hungry
as before. Loclti:.

Kaw. n.f. [from the verb.] The cry of a
raven or crow.

The daftard crow that to the wood made wing.
With her loud katei her craven-kind doih bring.
Who, fafc in numbers, cuff the noble bird. Dryd.
Kavlk. v.f. [fuilte, French.]

1. Ninepin ; kettlepins, of which fkittles
feems a corruption.

And now at keelt ihey try a h.irmlefs chance.
And now their cur they teach to fetch and dance.

Sidney.

The relidue of the time they wear out at coits,
kayles, or the like idle excrcifes. CartVif,

2. A kind of play ftill retained in Scotland,
in which nine holes ranged in three's are
made in the ground, and an iron bullet
rolled in among them.

To Keck. f. a. [kecken, Dutch.] To heave
the ftomach ; to reach at vomiting.

All thofe diets do dry up humours and rheums,
which ihcy firft attenuate, and while the humour is
attenuated it froubleth (he body a great deal more ;
and therefore patients mull not keck al ihem at the
firft. Bacon's Natural Hi^ftory.

The fadion, li it not notorious?
Keck at the memory of glorious. S-wifi.

To Ke'cklb. V, a. To defend a cable round
with rope, /iinfiwrik.

K E E

Ke'cksy. n.f. [commcnXy kex, eigne, ?T.
ciciita, Latin. Skinner.'\ Skinner feems to
think kctkfy or kex the fame as hemlock.
It is ufcd in StafFordfhire both for hem-
lock, and any other hollow-jointed plant.

Nothing teems
But hateful docks, rough thirties, leckjiis, burs,
Lofing both beauty and utility. Shakrfp. Htnry V,

Ke'cky. tf(j)'. [from -^jf.'] Kelembling a
kex.

An Indian fceptre, made of a fort of cane, with-
out any joint, and perfcflly round, confilieih of hard
and blackilh cylinders, mixed withafofticci>i bodyj.
fo as at the tai cut Iranfvcrfcly, it looks as a bundle
of wires. GrcMi,

To Kedgk. Of. a. [iaglx, a fmall veffel,
Dutch.]

In bringing a (hip up or down a narrow river,
when the wind is contrary to the tide, ihcy fct the
forefail, or foretop-fail and mizen, and fo let her
diive with the tide. The fails are to Hal her about,
if (he comes too near the (hore. They alfo carry
out an anchor in the bead of the boat, with a hawfer,
that comes fram the (hip; which anchor, if the
(hip comes too near the (liorc, they let fall in the
Itream, and fo wind her head about it; then weigli
(he anchor again when (he is about, which is called
kedgirrg, and from this ufe the anchor a kedger.

Harris,

Ke'dger. »./ [from kedge.] A finall an-
chor ufed in a river. See Keoge,

Kee, the provincial plural of ccnv, pro-
perly ii/ie,

Alafa

K E E

A lafs that Cic'ly hight had won his heart,
Cic'ly the weftern lafs that tends the kee. Gay.

Kedlack. a./. A weed among corn ; char-
nock. Tufer.

Keele. It./, [coele, Saxon; kkl, Dutch;
quale, Fr.] The bottom of the ftiip.

Portunus
Heav'd up his lighien'd keel, and funk the fand,
And fteer'd the facrcd velTel. DryJrrt.

Her rtiarp bill ferves for a leel to cut the air be-
fore her ; her tail (he ufeth as her rudder. Grnv,

Your cables kurft, and you muft quickly feel
The waves impetuous entering at your keeh Swift.
Keels, the fame with kayla ; which fee.
To Keel. ii. a. [cxian, Saxon.] This
word, which is preferved in Shakej'feare,
Hanmer explains thus :

To kcct feems to mean to drink fo deep, as to turn

up the bottom of the pot, like turning up the keel

ofalhip. . Hanmer.

In Ireland, to leel the pot is to /cum it.

While greafy Joan doth keel the pot. Shakefpeare,

Ke'elfat. »./. [cffilan, Saxon, to cool, and

fat or "vat, a veflel.] Cooler ; tub in

which liquor is let to cool.

Ke'elson. ti. /. The next piece of timber

in a (hip to her keel, lying right over it

next above the floor timber. Harris,

ToKl'elhale. -j.a. \^kfel anA hale.'\ To

punilh in the feamen's way, by dragging

the criminal under water on one fide of

the (Viip and up again on the other.

Keen. adj. [cene, iaxon ; kubn, German;

keen, Dutch.]
i. Sharp ; well edged ; not blunt. We fay
keen of an edge, and (harp, either of edge
or point.

Come thick night.
That my keen knife fee not the wound it makes.

Shake/peare.
Here is my kee>i-ti%ti fword,
DcckM with fine Bower-dc-lucrs on each fide.

Sbakeff.
To me the cries of fighting fields are charms.
Keen be my fabre, and of proof my arms. Dryden.

A fword kten-ti%^A within his right he held,
The warlike emblem of the conquer'd field. Dryden.
%, Severe ; piercing.

The winds
Blow moift, and ken, fhattering the graceful locks
Of ihefe fair fprcading trees ; which bids us feek
Some better (hroud. MiUon'i Pnraiife Lojl.

The cold was very fupportable ; but as it changed
to the northweft, or north, it became exceflively
keen, £llit*t Voyage.

3. Eager; vehement.

Never did 1 know
A creature, that did bear the (hape of man.
So keen and greedy to confound a man. Shakefp.

Keen difpaich of real hunger. AJilton.

The (htep were fo keen upon the acorns, that
Chey gobbled up a piece of the coat. L'Ejlrayige.

Thofe curs are fo extremely hungry, that they
arc too keen at the fport, ai.d worry their game.

Taller.

This was a profpefl fo very inviting, that it could
not be eafily withftood by any who have fo kern an
appetite lor wealth. SxL-i/t.

4. AcrimonioDs; bitter of mind.

Good father cardinal, cry thou. Amen,
To my keen curfes. Shakefpeare's King 'John.

I have icnown fome of ihefe abfent officers a keen
(gainft Ireland, as it they had never been indebted
U) her. Hivifi.

9"eKEEN. 11. a. [from the adjcftive.] '1 o
Ihilrpen. An unauthorifed word.

Nor when cold Winter keem the brightening flood,
Wuu'd ] weak fhivcring linger on the brink.

Thompfon.

Ke'eklt. adv. [from keen ] Sharply; ve-
hemently ; eagerly ; bitterly.
Kt'jtNHi*!. *./. [from /(rfw.J

KEE

1. Sharpnefs; edge.

No, not the hangman's ax bears half the keennefi
Of thy Iharp envy. Sbakefp. Merchant of Venice,

2. Rigour of weather; piercing cold.

3. Afperity ; bitternefs of mind.

That they might keep up the keennefs againll the
court, his lordfhip furnifhed them with informations,
to the king's difadvantage. Clarendon.

The (ling of every reproachful fpecch is the truth
of it; and to be confcious, is that which gives an
edge, and keennefs to the inveftive. South,

4. Eagernefs ; vehemence.

Tfl Keep, v, a, [cepan, Saxon; kepen, old
Dutch.]

1 . To retain ; not to lofe.

I kept the field with the death of fome, and flight
of others. Sidney,

We have examples in the primitive church of fuch
as by fear being cortipelled to facritice to ftrange gods
repented, and kept ftill the office of preaching the
gofpel. fVhiigiflt,

Keep in memory what I preachf d unto you.

I Cor,

This charge I keep till my appointed day
Of rend'ring up. Milton.

His loyalty he kept, his love, his zeal. Milton,

You havelolt a child; but you have jtf^r one child,
and are likely to do fo long. Temple,

If we would weigh, and keep in our minds, what
we are conlidering, that would inllrudt us when we
(hould, or fhould not, branch into dillindlions. Locke.

2. To have in cuftody.

The cr»wn of Stephanus, firft king of Hungary,
was always kept in the caftlc of Vicegrade.

Knollei.
She kept the fatal key. Milton,

3. To prcferve ; not to let go.

The Lord God merciful and gracious, keeping
mercy for thoufands, forgiving iniquity.

Exod. xxxiv. 7.
I fpared it greatly, and have keyt me a grape of
the duller, and a plant of a great people.

xEfJr.ix,2i,

4. To preferve in a ftatc of fecurity.
We palfed by where the duke keefs his gallics.

Addifon,

5. To proteft ; to guard.

Behold I am with thee to keep thee. Gen. xxviii.

6. To reftrain from flight.

Paul dwelt with a foldicr that kept him.

AUi, xxviii.

7. To detain, or hold as a motive.

But what's the caufe that keeps you here with me ?
— That I may know what keeps me here with you.

Dryden.

8. To hold for another.

A man delivers money or llufTto keep,

Exod. xxii. 7.
Referv'd from night, and kept for thee in (lore.

Milton.

9. To tend ; to have care of.

Cod put him in the garden of Eden to keep it.

Gin. ii. 15.

While in her glilini age (he kepi (hcep on the
moor, it chanced that a merchant faw and liked her.

Carnu,
Count it thine
To till and keep, and of the fruit to eat. Milton.

10. To preferve in the fame tenoar or
ftate.

To know the true (late, I will kttp this order.

I Bacon.

Take this at leaft, this lad advice my fon,
Keep a ftitfrein, and move but gently on :
The courfers ef ihemfelves will run too fail,
Your art mud be to moderate their hafte. Addifon.

11. To regard; to attend.

While the (lars and courfe of heav'n I keep.
My weary'd eyes were feiz'd with fatal flcep.

Dryden,

1 2. To not fufl^er to fail.

My mercy will I keep for him for ever.

Pfal. Ixxxix.

13. To hold in any llate.

Ingenuous fhamc, wd the apprcheolioiu of dii^

K E E' ^

pleafure, ire the only true rcArainls : thefe «Wne

ought to hold the reins, and keep the child in order.

t,ocke on Education,

Men are guilty of many faults in the exercife of
this faculty of the mind, which keep them in igAo-
rante. Locke.

Happy fouls ! who keep fuch a facred dominion
over their inferior and animal powers, that the fen-
fitive tumults never rife to dillurb the fupcrior and
better operations of the reafoning mind. tVatts.

14. To retain by fome degree of force in
any place or ftate. It is often followed
in this fenfe by particles ; as, donun, un^'
der, in, off.

This wickednefs is found by thee j no good deejc
of mine have been able to keep it do%un in thee.

Sidney.
It is hardly to be thought that any governor
fhould fo much malign his fuccelTor, as to fuller an
evil to grow up which he might timely have if/t
under; or perhaps nourilh it with coloured coun-
tenance of fuch finifter means. Spenjir.

What old acquaintance ! could not all this flelh
Keep in a little life ? Poor Jack, farewel. Shakefp.

Venus took the guard of noble Heilor's corfc.
And kept the dogs off: night and day applying fove-

reign force

Of rofy balms, that to the dogs were horrible in

tafte. Chapman's Iliad.

The Chinefe fail where they will ; which (hcweth

that their law of keeping out llrangers is a law of

pufillanimity and fear. Bacon,

And thole that cannot live from him afunder.
Ungratefully (hall drive to keep him under, Milton.

If any alk me what wou'd fatisfy.
To make life eafy, thus I would reply :
As much as keeps out hunger, thirft, and cold.

Dryden,
Matters, recommended by our padions, take pof-
feffion of our minds, and will not be kept out.

Locke.
Prohibited commodities (hould be kept out, and
ufelefs ones impoverilh us by being brought in.

Locke.
An officer with one of thefe unbecoming qualities,
is looked upon as a proper perfon to keep off imper-
tinence and lolicitalioii from his fuperior.

Addifon's Spelialor.
And if two boots keep out the weather.
What need you have two hides of leather ? Prior.
We have it in our power to keep in our breaths,
and to fufpend (he efficacy of this natural funflion.

Cheyne.

15. To continue any ftate or aftion.

Men gave ear, waited, and kept filence at my
"""fel- >i, xxix. ai.

Auria made no ftay, but ftill kept on his courfe.

Knotles.

It was then fuch a calm, that the fliips were not
able to keep way with the gallies. KnoUes.

The moon that diftance keeps till night. Milton.

An heap of ants on a hillock will tiore eafily be
kept to an uniformity in motion than thefe.

Glan'vilWs Scepjts.
He dy'd in fight:
Fought next my perfon ; as in concert fought :
Kept pace for pace, and blow for blow. Dryden.

He, being come to the edate, keeps on a very
bufy family ; the markets are weekly frequented,
and the commodities of his farm carried out and
fold. Locke.

Invading foes, without refiftance.
With eafe I make to keep their diftance. Svift.

1 6. To preferve in any ftate.

My fon, keep the flower of thine age found.

Ecclef. xxvi.

17. To praftice ; to ufe habitually.

I rule the family very ill, taikeep bad houi«.

1 8. To copy carefully.

Her fervants eyes were fix'd upon her face.
And as fhe mov'd or tuin'd, her motions view'J,
Her meafures kept, and dep by dep purfu'd.

Dryden,

19. To obferve or folemnize any time.

This (hall be for a memorial; and you (hall keep
it a feall to the Lord. Exod. xii. 14.

'J'hat day was not io (Ucace holy kept, Milton.
6 U 2 20. To

K E E

10. To Qbferve ; not to violate.

It cannot bci
The Icing Ihould hrf his word in loving us ;
He will fulpeft us ftill, and find a time
To punifti this offince in other faults. Shuifff.

Sworn for thr« years term to live with ine,
..-. KMy fellow fcholars ; and to ketp thofe ftatuies

■ Tbatare recorded in this fchedulc here. Shaktfttare.
I Lord God, there is none like thee : who ktcpfji

covenant and mercy with thy fetvants.

I Kitgt, viii. S3 .

Lord God of Ifrael, irff with thy lervant that

tiiou promifodft him. i King', viii. 15.

Obey and kerp his great command. Mllinn.

His promife Palamon accepts ; but pray'd

.. To krfp it better than the fitft he made. Drydcit.

My debtors do not *f«y their day,
.. Deny their hands and then refufe to p.iy. Drydeti,
My wilhes are,
That Ptolemy may keef hit royal worj. lirydtn.

-.21. To maintain; to fupport with neceffa-
■' ries of life.

Much more affliftion than already felt
Tliey caonot well impofe, nor I fuftain,
If they intend advantage of my labours.
The wqrk of many bands, which earns my keeping.

•>■ ' Mi/ton.

,2 2. To have in the houfe.

Eafe tyke, call'ft thou me hod? I fcorn the term :
, Nor IhaU my Nell ieef lodgers. Siiak. Henry V.

,23. Not to intermit.

Keep a lute watch over a (hamelefs daughter, left
(he make thee a laughing-ftock to thine enemies,
aild a bye-word in the city. Ecclef. xli. 11.

Not keeping ftrifleft watch as (he was warn'd.

■^ * Milton.

24. To maintain ; to hold.

They were honourably brought to Londoa, where
every one of them keft houfe by himlelf.

Hayward,
Twxlve Spartan virgins, noble, young, and fair,
To the pompous palace did refort.
Where Menelaus kepi his royal court. Dryden.

Jc. /I'o remain in ; not to leave a place.
t*r'ythce, tell me, doth he keep his bed >
* ' Shalefp.

z6. Not to reveal ; not to betray.

A fool cannot keep counfel. Eccltf. viii. 17.

Great are thy virtues, though kepi from man.

' Milton.

If he were wife, he would keep all this to himfelf.

Tilhtfon.

2g. To reftrain ; to with-hold.

If any rebel or vain fpirit of mine
Did, with the lead afTedlion of a welcome,

■ -Cive entertainment to the might of it j

Let hcav'n for ever keep it from my head.

Sbakeffieare.

Some obfcure pafTages in the infplr'd volume ketp
from the knowledge of divine myftcries. Boyle.

If the Cod of this world did not blind their eyes,
it would be impoflible, fo long as men love them-
felves, to keep them from being religious. Titlolfen.

There is no virtue children (hould be excited to,
nor fault they (hould be kept from, which they may
not be convinced of by rcafons. I^cke on Education.

If a child be coaftantly kept from drinking cold
1i<]uor whilft he is hot, the cuttom of forbearing
will prefcrve him. " Locke.

By this they may keep them from little faults.

Lccke.

28. To debar from any place.

HI fenc'd for Heav'n to keep out fuch a foe.

Mil ion.

29. To Kee» hack. To referve ; to with-
hold.

Whatfoever the Lord fliall anfwer, I will de-
clare; 1 will ketp nothing iack from you.

Jer. xlii. 8.

Some are to clofe and referred, as they will not
<bcw their wares but by a dark light, and feem al-
ways 10 keep back fomewhat. Bacon'i EJfayi,

30. To'^s.iv back. To with-hold; to re-
ftrain.

Keep iack (by feiraBt froo^ prefujsptuous (ins.

.P>/.xix

K E E

31. 7« Keep tompany. To frequent any
one ; to accompany.

Heav'n doth know, (0 (hall the world perceive,
That I have turn'd away my former felf,
So will I thofe that kefi me etmpany. Shake/f.

Why lliould he call her whore i Who keept her
ejmpjny *"
What place ? what time ? SBake/p. Othello.

What mean'ft thou, bride ! this company to<f</' f
To fit up, till tliou fain would ileepf Donne.

Neither will 1 wretched thee
In death forfake, but keep thee company. Dryden,

32. ToYit.zr compariywith. To have fami-
liar intercourfe.

A virtuous woman is obliged not only to avoid im-
modedy, but the appearance of it ; and llie could
not approve of a young woman keeping company
vitb men, without the pcrmilTion of father or mo-
ther. Hroome on the Oiyjfey.

33. 'ToKeep/*. To conceal; not to tcU.

I perceive in you fo excellent a touch of mo-
defty, that you will not extort from me what 1 am \
willing to keep in. Hhakefp.

Syphax, your zeal becomes importunate :
I have hitherto permitted it to rave.
And ralk at large ; but learn to keep it in.
Left it Ihould take more freedom than I'll give it.

Addi/on.

34. To Keep in. To reftrain ; to curb.

If thy daughter be (hamelefs, keep her in Ih-aightly,
left (he abule herfelf through over-much liberty.

Eeclef.

It will teach them to keep in, and fo mafter their
inclinations. Ljitke on Education.

35. To Keep off. To bear to diftance ; not
to admit.

36. To Keep e^. To hinder.

A fupcrficial reading, accompanied with the com-
mon opinion of his invincible obfcurity, ha? kipt
off fome from leeking in him the coherence of his
difcourfe. Locke.

37. To Keep »/. To maintain without
abatement.

Land kept up its price, and fold for more years
purchafe than correfponded to the intcreft of money.

Locke.

This reftraint of their tongues will keep up in

them the refpedl and reverence due to their parents.

Locke.

Albano keepi up its credit ftiU for wine. Addifon.

This dangerous diftenlion among us we keep up

and cherilh with much pains. AddiJonU Freeholder.

The ancients were careful to coin money in due

weight and &ienc(s, and keep it up to the ftandatd.

Arhuthnot,

38. To Keep uf. To continue; to hinder
from ceafing.

You have enough to keep you alive, and to keep
up and improve your hopes of heaven. Taylcr,

In joy, that which keepi up (he aAion is the
defirc to continue it. Locke.

Young heirs, from their own rcfle£ling upon the
eftates they are born to, are of no ufc but to keep up
their families, and Iraafmit their lands and houfes
in a line to pofterity. Addijon.

During his ftudies and travels he kept up a pundtual
correfpondence with £udoius. Addifon.

39. To Keep under. To opprefs ; to fub-
due.

O happy mixture ! whereby things contrary do fo
qualify and corrert the one the danger of the other's
excefs, that neither boldnefs can make us prefume,
as long as we are kepi under with the fenfe of our
own wretchedncfs ; nor, while we truft in the mercy
of God through Chrift Jefus, fear be able to ty.
rannize over us. Hooker.

Truth may be fmothered a long time, and kept
under by violence ; but it will break out at laft.

Slillingjteel.

To live like thofe that have their hope in another
life, implies, that we keep under our appetites, and
do not let (hem loofc into the cnjoymen(s of fenfe.

Atlerbury.

Te Keep, v, n.

K E E

1. To remain by fome labour or dtort in%
certain flate.

With all our force we kept aloof fo fea,
And gain'd the iftand where our vclTels lay.

Fope'i Od\'JUey.

2. To continue in any place or ftate; to
ftay.

She would give her a lelTon for walking fo late,
that ftiould make her keep within doors for one lort.
night. Sidney.

What I keep a week away > fcven days and nights i
Eightfcore eight hours ? and lovers abfent hour. !
Oh weary reckoning. Sbaiiejp. Otbtih.

I think, it is our way,
If we will keep in favour with the king.
To be her men, and wear her livery. Shakrfp.

Thou (halt keep faft by my young men, until they
have ended. jK«//6 ii. li.

The neceflTity of keeping well with the maritime
powers, will perfuadc them to follow out meafutcs.

Tcmpie.

On my better hand Afcaniut hung
And with unequal paces (ript along :
Creufa kepi behind. Dryden's /Eneii.

The goddefs-born in fecret pin'd ;
Nor vilited the camp, nor in the council join'd ;
But keeping clofc, his gnawing-heart he fed
With hopes of vengeance. Dryden' t Homer.

And while it keepi there, it ketpi within our a.i-
thor's limilauoii. Locke.

A man that cannot fence will keep out t/"builies
and gameftcrs company. Locke on Education.

'i here are cafes in which a man muft guard, if
he intends to keep (ait with (he world, and turn the
penny. Collier,

The endeavours Achilles ufed to meet with Heflor,
the contrarj' etideavours of the Trojan K> keep out of
reach, are the iniiigue. Pope's J'levi tf Epic Poetry.

3. To remain unhurt; to laft; to be
durable.

Difdain me not, although I be not fain:
Doth beauty keep w hich never fun can burn.
Nor ftorms do turn I Sidney.

Grapes will ketp in a velTel half full of wine, fo
that the grapes touch not the wine. Bacon.

If the malt be not thoroughly dried, the air it
makes will not keep. Mortimer's Hujbandry.

4. To dwell ; to Ihc conftantly.

A breath thou art.
Servile to all the Ikiey influences.
That do this habitation, where thou keep'J!,
Hourly afflifl. Shakr/p, Meafurefol Meafure.

Knock at the ftudy, where, they fay, he keeps.
To ruminate rtrange plots of dire revenge. Shakcjp^

5. To adhere ftridly : with to.

Did they keep 10 one conftant drefs they would
fometimes be in falhion, which they never are.

Addifon' s SpeHator.

It is fo whilft we keep to our rule ; but when we
forfake that \vc go aftray. Baker on Learning.

6. ToKEiF on. To go forward.

So chearfully he took the doom ;
Nor ft>runk, nor ftept from death.
But, with unalter'd pace, kept on. Dryden.

7. To Keep J//. To continue unfubdued.

He grew fick of a confumption ; yet he ftill kept
up, that he might free his country. Life ofCleomenes.

8. The general idea of this word is care,
continuance, or duration, fometimes with
an intimation of cogency or coercion.

Keep. «./. [from the verb.}

1. Cuftody ; gu.-ud.

Pan, thou god of .Tiepherds alt.
Which of our lambkins takeft keep. Spenfer.

The prifon ftrong,
Wiihin whofe keep the captive knights were laid;
Was one partition of the palace-wall. Dryden.

2. Guardianlbip ; reftraint.

Youth is leaft looked into when they ftand in moft
need of good ke(p and regard. Afcbam.

K'eeper. ». /. [from ;((•</. J
I. One who holds any thing for the ufe of
another.

The good old man haviDg neither reafon to diT.

tuade,

K EN

§iiit, nor hopej to ptrfuade, received the things-
with the inind of a keefer, not of an owner. Sidnry.

2. One who has prifoners in cuftody.

The keeftr of the pi 'm, call to him. Shaliff.
I'd now
With horns exalted (lands, and feems to lowe :
A noble charge ; her ketpcr by her fide
To watch her walks his hundred eyes apply'd.

J^ryden,

A pleafant beverage he prepar'd before,
Of wine and water mixM, with added '.lore.
Of opium ; to his keeper this he brought.
Who fwallowed unaware the lleepy draught. Dryd.

3. One who has the care of parks, or beafts
of chace.

There is an old tale goes, that Heme the hunter,
Sometime a keeper here in Winfor foreft,
Djth all the Winter-time, at llill of midniglit,
Walk round about an oak with ragged horns.

Shakc/peare,

The firft fat buck of all the feafon's fent.
And keeper takes no fee in compliment. Drydev.

4. One that has the fuperintendence or care
of any thing.

Hilkiah went unto Hildab,/(«;^raf the wardrobe.
. , i Kin^i.

KeePFR of tht great Jeal. [Ctiflti magmftgilli.
Lat.] Js a lord by his office, and called
lord keeper of the great feal of England,
and is of the king's privy-council, under
whofe hands pafs all charters, commiflions,
and grants of the king. This lord keeper,
by the ftatute of 5 F.liz. c. 18 hath the
like jurifdiftion, and all other advantages
as liath the lord chancellor of England.

Ctmiel.

Ke'epsrship. «./. [from keeper.'] Office of
a keeper.

I'he gaol of the (hire is kept at Launcedon : this
keepcrjhip is annexed to the conflablefliip of the
caftle. Carru).

Keo. n.f. {caaue, Fr.] A fmall barrel,
commonly uied for a fifli barrel.

Kell. »./. [A fort of pottage. Jin/.] It
is To called in Scotland, being a foupe
made with ftireded greens.

•Kell. n. /. The omentum; that which
inwraps the guts.

The very weight of bowels and ke//, in fat people,
is the occalioii of a rupture. kyi/eman'i Surgery.

Kelp. ti./. A fait produced from calcined
fea-weed.

In making aium, the workmen ufe the alhes of a
fea-weed called kiip, and urine. Boy/e on Ci^Uurs.

Kelson. »./. [more properly keelfon,~\ The
wood next the keel.

We have added clofe pillars in the royal (hips,
which being failened from the kelfrjn to the beams
of the fecond deck, keep them from fettling, or
fiving way. Kaltigh.

Ke'lter. n.f. [He is not in kelier, that
is, he is not ready; from kilter, to gird,
Danifh. Skinner.]
ToKemb. t. a. [cfEmban, Saxon; kam-
men, German : now written, perhaps Icfs
properly, to comb.] To feparate or dif-
entangle by a denticulated inftrument.

Yet are men more Inofe than they.
More kemh'd and bath'd, and rubb'd and Irimm'd,
More fleek. Ben Jonfon.

Thy head and hair are fleek ;
And then thou kcmb'Jk the tuizes on thy cheek.

Drydcn.

TcKejt. -v. a. [cennan, Saxon; keiman,

Dutch, to know.]
I. To fee at a diftance; to defcry.
At once n far as angels ken, he views
The difmal fituation, wafte and wild. Milton.

Xh« next day about cttnin| we 6w, within a

■ IQErR

kenmitg^ thick clouds, which did put us In fome .
hope ot land. Bacon.

If thou ket:'Ji from far,
Among the Pleiads, a new-kindled ftar ;
'Tis (he that fliines in that propitious light. Dryden.

Vie ken them from ^far, the fetting fun
Plays on their Ihining arms. Addtfon.

2. To know. Obfolete.

*Tis he, 1 ken the manner of his gait. Skakejp,
Now plain I ken whence love his rife begun ;
Sure he was born fome bloody butcher's fon,
Bred up in (hambies. Guy's Pajl.

Ken. w./. [from the verb.] View; reach
of fight.

Lo ! within 2 ken our army lies. Sbak. Henry IV.

When from the mountain topPifanio (hew'd thee.

Thou waft within a ken. Sbakefp, CymbeiiKe.

It was a hill
Of paradife the higheft ; from whofe top
The bsmifpherc of earth, in cleareft ken,
Stretch'd out to th' amplcft reach of profpefl, lay.

Miltcn.
He foon
Saw within ken a glorious angel ftand. Milton.

Rude, as their (hips, was navigation then j
No ufeful conipafs or meridian known ;

Coarting, they kept the land within their ken,
And knew the North but when the pole-ilar (hone.

Drydcn.

When we confidcr the reafons we have to think,

that v.'hat lies within our ken is but a fmal] part of

the univerfe, we (hall difcovcr an huge abyfs of

ignorance, Locke.

K e'n N E L . n.f. [chenil, Fr.]

1 . A cot for dogs.

A dog fure, if he could fpeak, hid wit enough to
defciibe his kennel. Hidney.

From forth the kennel of thy womb hath crept
A hell-hound, that doth hunt us all to death.

aiakefp.
The fcdiiious remain within their Aation, which,
by reafon of the nallinefs of the beaftly multitude,
might be more litly termed a kennel than a camp.

Hayward.

2. A number of dogs kept in a kennel.

A little herd of England's tim'rous deer,
Maz'd viith a yelping itmnc/ of French curs.

Sbakefpeare.

3. The hole of a fox, or other beaft.

4. [Kennel, Dutch ; chenal, Fr. canalis,
Latin.] The watercourfe of a ftreet.

Bad humours gather to a bile; or, as divers
ktnneli flow to one fink, fo in (hort time their
numbers increafed. Hayward.

He always came in fo dirty, as if he had been
dragged through the kennel at a boatding-fchool.

Arhu'hnol.

To Ke'nnel. t. n. [from kennel.] To lie;
to dwell ; ufed of beafts, and of man in
contempt.

Yet, when they lift, would creep,
If ought didurb'd their noife, into her womb.
And kennri there : yet there ftill bark'd and howl'd
Within, unfccn. Millonli Patadije Lojl.

The dog kennelled in a hojlow tree, and the cock
roorted upon the boughs. l.'EJlrange.

Kept. pret. and part. pafl". ot keep.

Kerch e'if. n.f. \co-vrecheif, Chaucer;
cou^re, to cover, and chif, the head; and
hence a handkerchief to wipe the face or
hands.]

1. A head drefs of a woman.

I fee how thine eye would emulate the diamond;
thou haft the nght arched benl of the brow, that
becomes the tire valiant.

A plain ktrchitf. Sir John; my bro.vs be-
come nothing elfc. Sbakefp. Altrry lyivesoflVindf.

01 what a time have you chofc out, brave Caius,
To wear a kerciiief. Shakefp.yttliut Ce/ar.

The proudelt i,rchiefnf the court Ihjll reft
Well fatished of what they love the bell. Ihydtn'

2. Any loofe cloth ufed in drefs.

I Every man ha4 a large kircbi'f folded about the
neck, llayumrd.

K E R

Kerche'iped. "1 adj. [from keicheifl
Kerch e'i FT. / "Drefled; hooded.

The evening comes
Kerebeift in a comely cloud.
While racking winds are piping loud. Millon.

Kerf. v.f. [ceojipan, Saxon, to cut.]

The fawn-away Hit between two pieces of ftuff ia
called a kerf. Moxon't Mecb. Exercifet.

Ke'rmes. n.f,

Kermes is a roundifli body, of the bigcefs of a
pea, and of a browniih led colour. It contains a
multitude of little dillinfl granules, foft, and when
crulhed, yield a fcarlet juice. It till lately was
underdood to be a vegetable excrcfcence ; but we
now know it to be the extended body of an animal
parent, filled with a numerous olFspring, which are
the little red granules. Hill.

Kern. n.f. [an Irifh word.] Irifli foot-
foldier ; an Irifh boor.

Out of the fry of thefe rake-hell horfeboys, grow-
ing up in knavery and villainy, are their ket:rH
fupplied. Sfenfcr.

Judice had with valour arm'd,
Compell'd thefe (kipping kernet to truft iheir heels,

Sbake/peare.

If in good plight thefe northern kerns arrive,
1'hen docs fortune promiie fair. Pbilips's Britort.

Kern. n.f. A hand-mill confining of two
pieces of ftone, by which corn is ground*
It is written likewife quern. It is ftill
ufed in fome parts of Scotland.

To Kern. •v. n. [probably from kernel, or,
by change of a vowel, corrupted from
corn,]

1. To harden as ripened corn.

When the price of corn falleth, men break no
more ground than will fupply their own turn, where-
through it falleth out that an ill kerned or faved
harveft foon emptieth their old Itore. Carew.

2. To take the form of grains ; to granu-
late.

The principal knack is ii> making the iuice,
when fufficiently boiled, to kern or granulate. Greiy*

KE'RNEL. ff,/ [cyjinel, a gland, Saxon;

knrne, Dutch ; cerneau, Fr.}
I . The edible fubftance contained in a (hell.

As brown in hue
As hazle-nuts, and fwceter than the kernels.

Sbakefpeare,

There can be no kernel in thi^ light nut; the

foul of this man is his clothes. Sijtikefp.

The kernel of the nut ferves them for bread and

meat, and the (hells for cups. More.

z. Any thing included in a hulk or integu-
ment.

The kernel of a grape, the fig's fmall grain,
Can doath a mountain, and o'erlhade a plain.

Denbam,

Oats are ripe when the ftraw turns yellow and the
kernel hard. Mortimer's Hujhandry,

3. The feeds of pulpy fruits.

I think he will carry this iiiaiut home in his
pocket, aisd give it his fon for an apple.— And fow-
ing the kernels of it in the fea, bring forth more
iOands. Sbakefp. Tempefl.

The apple inclofed in wax was as frc 1h as at the
firft putlmg in, and the kernels continued white.

Bacon's Nai. Hifi,

4. The central part of any thing upon
which the ambient ftrata are concreted.

A folid body in the bladder makes the kernel 0^%
ftone. Arbutbnot.

5. Knobby concretions in children's flefh.
•roKE'RNEL. 1'. ». [from the noun.] To

ripen to kernels.

In Staflbrdftiire, gfcrden-rouncivals fown in the
fields kernel well, and yield a c"od incrcafe.

Mortimer's Hufhandry.

Ke'rnelly. adj. [from kernel.] Full o'
kernels ; having the quality or refemblance
of kernels.

Kb'unelwort.

KEY

Ke'iNBLWoiT. n. f. [/crcfularie.] An
herb. Ainf-ui.

Ke'rsev. v. f. [karfaye, Dutch; carim,
Fr.] Coarfe ftufF.

Tiifjta phrafcs, filken trims precifc.
I doforfwcar ihcm; and 1 here proicll,
Henceforih my wooing mind Iball be cspreft
Id ruflet yeas, and honelt kir/ry noes. Shatrff.

HU lackry with a linen flock oa one le;. and a
ttr/ty boot-hofc on the other. Sbaktfp

The fame wool one man felts it into a hat, another
weaves it into cloth, and another ii>to terfy or ferge.

HaU.

Thy ktrfiy doublet fpicading wide,
Drew Cic'ly's eye afide. , f».iy.

Kest. The prater tenfe oi coft. It is ftill
ufed in Scotland.
Ouly that noife heav'n'i rolling circle* i^^.

Fairfax.

Ke'strel. ». /. A little kind of baftard
hawk. Hanmer.

His *</?>•(■/ kind,
Aplealing vein of glory, vain did find. Fairy Qutin.
Kites and liefirelt have a refemblance wiih hawks.

Bacon.

Ketch. «./. [from caicchio, Italian, a bar-
rel.] A heavy (hip; i& ihomh ketch.

I wonder
That fuch a ketch can with his very bulk
Take up the rays o' th' beneficial fur.
And keep it from the earih. Shaktfp. Henry Wl\.

KE'T'l'LE. »./. [c«l, Saxon; it^/<'/, Dutch.]
A veflel in which liquor is boiled. In
the kitchen the name of pet is given to
the boiler that grows narrower towards
the top, and of kettle to that which grows
wider. In authors they are confounded.

The fire thus form'd, (he fets the kettle nn ;
Like burnilh'd gold the little feether (hone. Drydeit.
Ke'ttledrum. n.f. \kettle vc\6. drum^ A
drum of which the head is fpread over a
body of brafs.

As he drains his draughts of Rhenilh down.
The ketlledmm and trumpet thus briy out
The triumph of his pledge. Sbake/p. Humlet.

KEY. n.f. [ccej, Saxon.]

1. An inftrument formed with cavities cor-
refpondent to the wards of a lock, by
which the bolt of a lock is pufhed for-
ward or backward.

If a man were porter of hell gate, he Ihould have
old turning the key, Sh^iffp. Mac6eil>.

Fortune, that arrant whore.
Ne'er turns the key to th' poor. Shakrff. K. Lear.

The glori6us Itandard laft to heav'ii ihcy fpread.
With Peter's keys ennobled and his crown. Pairfax.

Yet fome there be, that by due fteps afpire
To lay their juft hands on that golden key.
That opes the palace of eternity. Milton.

Conscience is its own counicllor, the fole marter
of its own fccrets; and it is the privilege of our
nature, that every man (hould keep the key ■>( his
own brealt. South.

He came, and knocking thrice, without delay
The longing lady heard, and turn'd the key. Dryd.

2. An inftrument by which fomething is
fcrewediJf turned.

Hide the key of the jack. Siil/l.

3. An explanation of any thing difficult.

An emblem without a key to*t, is no more than
a tale of a tub. L'Efiraxgr.

Thefe notions, in the writings of the ancients
darV ly delivered, receive a clearer light when com-
pared with this theory, which reprcfents every thing
plainly, and is a key to their ihoufihts.

Burtltt't'tteorytf the Earth.

Thufc who are accuftomed to icafoa have got the
true key of books. Locke.

4. The parts of a mufical inftrument which
are ftruck with the fingers

Pamela lovss to handle tiic fp ionel, and touch the
. keji, Pamela.

K I C

J. [In mufick.] Is a certain tone whereto
every compofition, whether long orfhort,
ought to be fitted ; and this key is faid
to be either flat or fharp, not in refpeft
of its own nature, but with relation to
the flat or (harp third, which is joined
with it. Harris.

Hippolita, I won'd thee with my fword,
And won thy love doing thee injuries;
But 1 will wed thee in ani>ther i'ey,
With pomp, with triumph, and with revelling.

Hbakejpeare.

But fpeak you with a fad brow? Or do you play

the flouting Jack? Come, in what *<■)> Ihall a man

take you to go in the fong? Shakejp.

Not know my voice! Oh, time's extremity!
Haft thou fo crack 'd and fplitted my poor toiigue
In fev'n (hort years, that here my only fon
Knows not my feeble key of untun'd cares ?

Shakeffeare.

6. [AToy^, Dutch ; yaar, French.] A bank
raifed perpendicular for the eafe of lading
and unlading fhips.

A key of fire ran along the (hore.
And lighten'd all the river with a blaze. DryJeit.

7. Kejr cold was a proverbial expreffion, now
out of ufe.

Poor key cold figure of a holy king!
Pale alhes of the houfe of Lancafter. Shakefp.

Ke'yace. n.f. [from key.'] Money paid
for lying at the key, or quay. Ainjiu.

Ke'yhole. n.f. \key and hole.] The per-
foration in the Joor or lock through
which the key is put.

Make doors faft upon a woman's wit, and it will
out at thecafcment; fliut that, and 'twill out at the
keyhole. Shakfp.

I looked in al the keyhole, and (aw a well-made
man. Tatler.

I keep her in one room ; I lock it ;
15(5 key, look here, is in this pocket;
The keyhole is that left ? Moll certain. Prior.

Ke'vstone. ?/./. [key iii&fione.'] The mid-
dle ftonc of an arch.

If you will add a ^07?^""" and chaptrels to the arch,
let the breadth of the upper part of the keyfione be
the height of the arch. Moxon.

Kibe. u. f. [from kerb, a cut, German,
Skinner; from kilnue, Welfll, MiKfhe<iv.]
An ulcerated chilblain ; a chap in the
heel caufed by the cold.
If 'twere a kiie, 'twould put me to myilipper.

-.. Sbakefp.

The toe of the pcafant comes fo near the heel of

our courtier, that it galls his kihe. Shakefp.

One boafied of the cure, calling them a few kibes.

tVifeman.

Ki'bed. adj. [from >f;/r.] Troubled with

kibes: as, kihed heels.
To KICK. "K. a. \kauchen, German ; calco,

Lat.] To ftrike with the foot.

He muft endure and digeft .il! affronts, adore the
foot that kicks him, and kifs the hand that ftrikes
him. South.

It anger'd Turenne once upon a day.
To fee a footman kick'd that look his pay. P't"-,

Another, whofc fon had employments at court,
valued not, now and then, a kicking or a caning.

Sivifi.

To KICK. -v. n. To beat the foot in anger
or contempt.

Wherefore kick ye at my facrifKe, which I have
commanded ? i Sam. ii. 29.

Jclhurun waxed fat and kicked. Deut. zxtii. 15.

The do<9rines of the holy Scriptures are terrible
enemies to wicked men, and this is that which
makes them kick againft religon, and fpurn at the
da{)rlnes of that holy book. tilUtfon.

Kick. n.f. [from thf verb.] A blow with
the foot. I

KID

What, are you dumb ? Quick, with yoMt anfwert
quick.
Before my foot falutea you with a */V*. Dryd. "itv.

Ki'cKER. n.f. [from kifk.] One whofliiket
with his foot.

Ki'cKSHAw. n.f. [This word is fuppofed,
I think with truth, to lie only a corrup-
tion of qtielque cho/e, fomething; yet
Milton feems to have underftood it otlir-
wife; for he writes it kicKjhoc, as if he
thought it ufed in contempt of dancing.]

1. Something uncommon; fantaftical; feme*
thing ridiculous.

Shall we need the monfieurs of Paris to take our
youth into their flight cultodies, and fend ihem over
back again transformed into mimicks, apes, and
kickfhoesf Miltoti,

2, A difti fo changed by the cookery that it
can fcarcely be known.

Some pigeons, a joint of mutton, and any pretty
little tiny kickjhawi. Staifp. Hemy IV.

In wit, as well as war, they grve us vigour;
CreflTy was loft by h'ck/bms and foup-meagre,

Fenltn,

Ki'cKSY-wiCKSEY. ft. f. [from kick and

•wince.] A made word in ridicule and

difdain of a wife. ' Hammer,

He wears his honour in a bos, unfeen.
That hugs his kickfy-^uiekfcy here at home,
Spending his manly marrow in her arms. Shakefa,

Kid. n.f. [kid, Danilh.]

1 . The young of a goat.

Leaping like wanton kids in pleafant fpring.

Fairy ^iieeit.

There was a herd of goats with their young ones,
upon which fight Sir Richard Graham tells, he wouh)
fnap one of the kids, and carry him clofe to their
lodging. fHiloH.

Sporting the lion ramp'd, and in his paw
Dandled the kid. Miltox.

So kids and whelps their fires and dams exprefs;
And fo the great I meafur'd by the lefs. Dryden.

2. [From cidnjulen, Welfh, a faggot.] A
bundle of heath or furze.

To Kid. i>. a. [from the noun.] To bring

forth kids.
Ki'dder. ». /. An engroffer of corn to

enhance its price. Ainfiwcrth,

To KIDNA'P. 'V. a. [from kind, Dutch, a

child, and //«/.] To fteal children ; to

fteal huinan beings.
Kidnapper, n. f. [from kidnap."] One

who fteais human beings ; a manftealer.

The man compounded with the merchant, upon
condition thiit he might have his child again; for he
had fmelt it out, tliat the merchant hinifclf was the
kidxijfper, L'EJIionge.

Thcie people lye in wait for our children, and
may be conlidered as a W\ni oi kiJaafpers uiihin
the law. SfiHaier.

KI'DNEY. n.f. [Etymology unknown.]
I. Thefe are two in number, one on each
fide: they have the fame figure as kid-
neybcans : their length is four or five
fingers, their breadth three, and their
thicknefs two: the rifht is under the
liver, and the left under the fpleen. The
ufe of the kidneys is to fcparate the urine
from the blood, which, by the motion of
the heart and arteries, is thruft into the
emulgent branches, which carry it to the
little glands, by which the ferofity, being
feparated, is received by the orifice of the
little tubes, which ro from the glands to
the pelvis, and from thence it runs by the
ureters into the bladder. i^uincy,

K youth bboured under a complication of difeafes,
from his jncfentery and kidneyt. WifetiiaH' s Surgery.

a. bOlt;

K I L

t. Sort; kind: in ludicrous language.

Think of that, a man of my kiJnry; thinko f

that, that am !■! fubjea to heat as butter; a man

of continual dilTolution -nd thaw. Sbjff/j>.

'■' There are m llionj •.. the world of this man's

HJttey, that take up the fara;: refolutinn without

noife. , , VEft>'"'g'-

Ki'dneybean. »./. [pha/eolus. bo named

from its (hape] A leguminous plant.

Kidneyhtans are a fort of cod ware, that ate very

plealant wholefome food. Monimer's Hupaniry.

Ki'dnbyvetch. \^anthillis.'\ ) zr.y. Plants.

Kid'nEVWORT [fo/j/f/M.] 1 AinflU.

Ki'l D E R K 1 N . » /. [kitidekin,?i\i&hY, Dutch.]
A fmall barrel.
Make in the kiidfrkm a great bung-hole of purpofe.

Bacon.
A fun of man in thy large bulk is writ ;
But fure thou'rl but a tiUeikix of wit. Dry Jin.

TV KILL. f. a. [anciently To quell; cpel-
lar SpYon; /^/fw, Dutch, j

1 . 1 o deprive of life ; to put to death, as
an agent.

Dai'ft thou rtfolve to kill a friend of mine ?
— Pleafe vou, I'd rather kill two enemies.

Shaktfp. R. III.

Ye have brought us forth into this wildcrnefs, to
*;// this whole alfembly with hunger. £x. xvi. 3.

There was kiWitg of younj and old, m.iking away
of meu, women, and childreri. 2 Mac. v. Ij.

2. To dellroy animals for food.

We're mere ufurpcrs, tyrants, and what's worfe.
To fright the animals, and to kili them up
In their alCgn'd and native dwelling-place.

Siiake/pearf.

Shall I take my bread, and my flelh that 1 have
tWca for my (hearers i 1 Sam. iiv. 1 1.

3. To deprive of life, as a caufe or inftru-

itient.
" The medicines, if they were ufed inwards, would
' nil thofe that u(e them ; and therefore they work
'potently, though outwards. Bactn.

4. To deprive of vegetative or other mo-
tion, or aftive qualities.

Try with oil, cr barm ot drink, fo ihey be fuch
thinp »» ki// not the bough. Bacon' t Natural Hijl.

Catbarticks of mercurials mix with all animal
acids, as appears by killing it with fpiitle.

Fl'iyer on ibe Humourt.

Ki'llsR. *./. [fromW/.J One that de-
prives of life.

What forrow, what amazement, what (hame was
in Amphialus, when he faw His dear fofter-father
ind him the Ulltr of his only fon > • ■ Sidney.

Wilt thou for the old lien hum, or fill
Hit hungry whelps ? and lor the killer WM,
' When couch'd in dreadful dens? Sandys.

So rude a nine.
When love was held fo capital a crime,
That a crown 'd head could no companion find,
Btitdy'd, becaufe the yi/7/er had been kind. IValler.

Ki'i.Low. /i.y! ['Phis feems a corruption of
coal and law, a flame, as foot is thereby
produced.] u.

An earth of a blackilh or deep 'lue colour, and
joubilefs had its name Irom koUtnv, by which name,
in the North, the fmut or grime on the backs of
chimneys is called. li'oodivatd.

KILN. n. f. [cyln, Saxom] A (love; a
fabrick formed for admitting heat, in or-
der to dry or burn things contained in it.

I'll creep up ii'ili the chimney. There they

always ufc to difcbarge their birding-pieces : creep

inio the kiln hole. Shuk'Jf.

Afcer the putting forth in fprouts, and the drying

opon the kiln, there will be gaiiKd a buftiel in eight

of malt. Bacon.

Phyficians cbufelime which is newly drawn out

of the i;/a, and not (lacked. Moxon'i Mtcb^ Extr.

Ttf Ki'lndry. -v. a. [/■//« andt drj.~^ To

dry by means of a kiln.

n he be(» way ii (0 kitltdrj them. Mortimer.

K I L T for killttf, Sjtn/er.

K I N

Ki'mbo. ei(/.[a/chemio,ltalhn.] Crooked;
bent ; arched.

The kimio handles feem with bears-foot carv'd,
And never yet to table have been ferv'd.

Dryden's Virgil.

He obferved them edging towards one another to

whii'per; fo that John was forced to fit with his arms

a kimbo, to keep them afundar. Ariuthnot.

Kin. n.f. [cynne, Saxon.]

I. Relation either of confanguinity or affi-

nity.

You muft ufe them with fit refpefls, according to
the bonds of nature; but you are of kin, and fo a
friend to their perfons, not to their errour?.

Bacon's Advice to yUliers.
Th' unhappy Palamon,
Whom Thefeus holds in bonds, and will not free
Without a crime, except his kin to me. Drydcn.

2. Relatives ; thofe who are of the fame
race.

Tumultuous wars .
Shall *;»with km, and kind with kind confound.

Shakeff.
The father, mother, and the kin befidc,
Were overborne by fury of the tide. Drjden.

3. A relation ; one related.
Then is the foul from God ; fo pagans fay,

Which faw by nature's light but heavenly kind.

Naming her kin to God, and God's bright ray,
A citizen of Hear'ii, to earth confin'd. Davies.

4. The fame generical clafs, though perhaps
not the fame fpecies j thing related.

The burft
And the ear-deaf'ning voice of the oracle.
Kin to Jove's thunder, fo furpris'd my fcnfe,
That \ was nothing. Shaktffeare's Winter's Tale.
The odour of the fixed nitre is very languid; but
that which it difcovers, being diflblved in a little
hot water, is altogether differing from the ftink ol
the other, being of kin to that of other alcaliiale
, falts. ^'yi'-

5. A diminutive termination from kind, a
child, Dutch : as, manikin, minikin, thom-
kin, njuilkin.

KIND. adj. [from cynne, relation, Saxon.]
I. Benevolent; filled with general good
will.

By the kind Cods, 'tis mod ignobly done
To pluck me by the beard. Shake/peart' s King Lear.
Some of the ancients, like */></ hearted men, have
talked much of annual reftigeriums, or intervals of
punifhment to the damned, as particularly on the
great Icftivals of the refurredJion and afceafion.

South.

Favourable; beneficent.
He is kind to the unibankfui and evil.

Luke, vi. 35.

Kind. n,/. [cynne, Saxon.]

1. Race; generical clafs. .AT/W in Teuto-
nitk Englifh anfwers to ge?ms, and/trt
xo/fedcs; though this diftinfkion, in po-
pular language, is not always obferved.

Thus far we have endeavoured in part to open of
what nature and force hiwt are, according to their
kinds. ■ Booker.

As when the total kind
Of Wid!, 'm ordeily ariay on wing.
Came fummdn'd over Eden, to receive
Their names of Thee. Miitm'i Puradl/eLoJI.

That belli are animalia, " .

I grant ; but no! raiionalia)
For though they do agree in kind,
Spccifick difference we find. Iludiiras.

God and Nature do not principally concern ihem-
fclvcs in the prefervalioo of particulars, but kindt
and companies, Sontb's Sermons.

He with his wife were only left behind
Of perilh'd man ; they two were human kind.

Dryden.

Some aflsof virtue are common to Heathens and
Chriltians; but I fuppofe them to be performed by
ChriHiaii.^, after a more fublime manner than among
(he Healhcas) »od even when they do bsC differ in

12

khd from m»»»l virtues, yet diiFer in the degrees cf
petfeaion. Atterilirjj

He, with a hundred arts refin'd,
Shall rtretch thy conquefts over half the jt/W^. Pbfe^

2. Particular nature.

No human laws are exempt from faults, fince thofe
that have been looked upon as molt perfect in theiF
kind, have been found to have fo many. Baker,

3. Natural ftate. ;

He did give the goods of all the prifoners unto thofe
that had taken them, either to talce them in kind, ox
compound for them. Bactn's Henry VII.

The tax upon tillage was often levied in kind upon
corn, and caiied decuma;, or tithes. Arbtttbttot^

4. Nature; natural determination.
The (kilful fhcphcrd peel'd me certain wands.

And in the doing of the deed oikind.

He ftuck them up before the fulfome ewes.

Shakeffearr'.
Some of you, on pure inftiniS of nature,
Arc led by kind t' admire your fellow-creature.

Dryden.

J. Manner; way.

Send me your prifoners with the fpcedieft means.
Or you (hall hear in fuch a kind from me
As will difpleafe you. Hbakefpeare's Henry IV,

This will encourage induftrious improvements, be-
caufe many will rather venture in that kind, than
take five in the hundred. Bacon,

6. Sort. It has a flight arid unimportant
fenfe.

Oiogenes was alked, in a i^Wof fcorn. What iVaa
the matter that philofophers haunted rich men, and
not rich men philofophers ? He anfwered, Becalife
the one knew what they wanted, the otiier did not.

Bacon.
To Kindle, ii. a,

1 . To fet on fire ; to light ; to make to
burn.

He will take thereof, and warm himfelf; yea, he
kiniihth it and baketh bread. If. xliv. I J.

I W.1S not forgetful of thofe fparks, which fonie

. men's diiiempers formerly (ludied to kindle in par.»

liaments. King Charles.

If the fire bums vigoroufly,- it is jio matter by
whai means it was at firft kindled : there is the fame
force and the fame refrelhing virtue in it, kind/ed hy
a fpark from a flint, as if it were kindled from ihe
fun, Soiit/j.

2, To inflame the paffions ; to exafperate j
to animate; to heat ; to fire the mind. '

I've been to you a true and humble wife;
At all times to your will conformable :
Ever in fear lo kindle yourdillike. Shakefp,

He haih kindledhh wrath againll me, and counied
me as one of his eiiemies. jfob, xix. 1 1.

Thus one by one kindling each other's fire,
'Till all indam'd, they all in one agree. Daniel,

Each was a caufe ainne, and all combin'd
To kindle vengeance in her haughty mind. Dryden,

To Ki'NDLE, i>. ». [cinnu, Welfh; cynoe-

lan, Saxon ]

1. To catch fire.
When' 'thou walked through the fire, thou (halt

not be bomr, rteither'ihalt the ifame kindle ofoa
thee, //. xliii.2.

2. [From cennan, Saxon] To bring forth.
It is ufed of fome particular animals.

Arc you native of ihis place ?
— As the coney that yoM fee dwells where , (he it
kindled. Hh'ake/p,

Ki'ndl'ER. »./. [froin kindle.'] One thaC
lights; one whOjinHam^s.

Now is the time that rakes their revels keep, .
Kindlejs of riot, enemies of lleep, pay,

Ki'ndly, ai/'y, [from if ;W.] Benevolently;
favourably; with good will.

Sir riiurio borrows his wit from your ladyfhip'i
looks,, and fpends what he boriows kindly in yout
company. Sbukejptare,

1 Icmetime lay here in Coriolt,
At a poor man's houfe : he ua'd mi kindly. Shak,

Be kindly atTcflioned one to another, wiih bro-
thcilY love, in^gnourprefctiiiigene to anoiher.

Rom.tti. 10*

K I n

His grief fome pity, othen blame i
The fatal caufc all UtiJ/y feek. Prior,

Who, with Icfs defigning end<i
XhJ/ifr enterti'm their friends;
With good words, and couni'mnce fprighlly,
Strive to treat ihem all politely. Sv^ift,

Ki'ndly. t7Jj. [from iinJ ; probably from
Hvii the fubftantive.]

1. Homogeneal; congeneal; kindred of
the fame nature.

This competency I befeech Cod I may be able to
digell into it/»<//y juice, that I may grow thereby.

Thefefoft fires
Not only enlighten, but with ihJfy heat.
Of various inSacnce, foment and warm.
Temper or nourilh. Miltvn'i Faradifc Lnji.

2. The foregoing fenfc fecms to have been
originally implied by this word; but fol-
lowing writers, inattentive to its etymo-
logy, confounded it with kind.

3. Bland; mild; foftening.

Through all the living regions do'ft thou move.
And fcatter'ft where thou goeft, the kindly feeds of
love. Drjd.

Ye beav'ns, from high the dewy neflar pour,
And in foft filence Ihed the kindly fliow'r ! Pope.
Ki'ndness. k. /. [from kinJA Benevo-
lence; Btfneficencc ; good-will; favour;
love.

If there be kindncfs, mceknefs, or comfort in her
tongue, then is not herhuiband like other, men*

Ecclcf. xxxvi. J^ .

Old Leiius profelTcs he had an extiaordinary kind-

Kffs for feveral young people. CoUicr of Friendjbip,

Ever bleft be Cytherej's (hrine,
Since thy dear bieaft has felt an ecjiial wound,
Since in thy kindncfs my defires are crown'd. Prior.
Love and inclination can be produced only by an
experience or opinion of iiKdnf/s to us.

Rvgers^s Sermom.

Ki'ndred. «. /. [from kind; cynpene,
Saxon.]

1. Relation by birth or marriage; cogna-
tion; confanguinity; affinity.

Like her, of equal kindred to the throne.
You keep her conquells, Ad extend your own.

Drydat,

2. Relation ; fuit.

An old mothy faddle, and the Ilirrups of no kin-
difd. Sifak.

3. Relative.

I think there is no man fecure
But the queen's Undre.i. Shakt/ftartU Richard III.

Nor needs thy jufter title the foul guilt
Of Eaftern kings, who, to fccurc their reign.
Mud have their brothers, fons, and kindred (lain.

Dtnbam,

Ki'kdrej}. «i^'. Congenial ; related ; cog-
nate.

From Tufcan Corium he claim'd his birth;
But after, when exempt from mortal earth,
From thence afcendcd to his kindred Skies
A god. DiyJen.

KlNE. n.f. plur. from emu.
To milk the kine,
£'er the milk-maid fine
Hath open'd her eyne. Ben "Johnf^n.

A field I went, amid* the morning dew,
To milk my kine. Gay.

KING. n. J. \k contrartion of the Teu-
toniclc word cuKing, or eyning, the name
of fovereign dignity. In the primitive
tongue jt lignifies ftout or valiant, the
kitvgs of moft nations being, in the be-
ginning, chofen by the people on ac-
count of their ralour and ftrength. Ver-
fifgan. ]

J. Monarch ; fupreme governor.

7"hc great king of iin^Sf
Hath in the table of hisTaw commanded,
. That thou (hall da no mvtdcr. SiaHe/f, Ri^i. III.

K I N

A fubftitute (hines brightly as a king,
Until a king be by ; and then his ftate
Empties ilfelf, as doth an inland brook
Into the main of waters. Sbake/f,, Aler. of Venice,

True hope is fwift, and fiics with fwallows wings ;
Kings it make gods, and meaner creatures j(;>^.

Sbake/p.

The king bcLoming graces,
As jufticc, verity, temp'rance, (labtenefs.
Bounty, perfcv'rance, mercy, lowlinefs,
Devonon, patience, courage, fortitude,
1 have no rclilh of ihcm. Sbakefpearg^i Macbeth.

Thus ftates were form'd ; the name of king un-
known,
'Till common int'refl plac'd the fway in one :
'Twas virtue only, or in arts of arms,
DiffuGng blelTlngs, or averting harms,

The fame which in a fire the fons obey'd,
A prince the father of a people made. Pope.

2. It is taken by Bacon in the feminine;
as prince alfo is.

Ferdinand and Ifabella, kingi of Sp.tin, recovered
the great and rich kingdom of Granada from the
Moors. Bacon.

3. A card with the pidlure of a king.

The king unleen
Lurk'd in her hand, and mourn'd his captive queen.

Pope.

4. King at Arms, a principal officer at
arms, that has the pre-eminence of the
fociety ; of whom there are three in
number, viz. Garter, Norroy, and Cla-
rencieux. Phillips.

A letter under his own hand was lately fhewed me
by fir William Dugdalc, king al aims. Hallim,

To King. -u. a. [from the noun.]

1 . To fupply with a king. A word rather
ludicrous.

England is fo idly king' J,
Her fceptre fo fiirtaftically borne.
That fear attends her not. Shakcfpeare's Henry V.

2. To make royal ; to raife to royalty.

Sometimes am I a kin; ;
Then treafon makes me wi(h fflyfelf 1 begg.nr.
And fo I am : then crulhiog penury
Perfuades me, 1 was better when a king ;
Then am 1 king' d a%i\rt. Shaktfptare's RichardW.

Ki'ncapple. w./ A kind of apple.

The kingapple is preferred before the jenneting.

Mjriitiier.

Ki'-N-GCRAFT. n. f. [^/»f and cm/t.] The

art of governing. A vi'ord commonly

ufed by king "James.
Ki'nc c u p. ?/. f. \king and cup. The name

is properly, according to Gerard, kingc9b.'\

The flower, crowfoot.

June isdrawn in a mantle of dark graf'; green, and

upon his head a garland of bents, kingcups, and

maidenhair. Peach,

, Fair is the kingcnp that in meadow blows.

Fair is the daify that bcf^de her grows. Cay.

Ki'nc DOM. n.f. [from king,^
t. The dominion of a king; the territories
fubjefl to a monarch.
You're welcome,
Moft learned, reverend fir, into our kingdom.

Shaki'fpeare.

Mofes gavf unto them the kingdom of Silion, king

of the Amorites, and the kingdwn of Og, king ot

Balham. Numb, xxxii.

2. A different clafs or order of beings'. A
word chiefly ufed among naturalifts.

The animal and vegetable kingdoms are fo nearly
joined, that if you take the loweft of one, and the
highefi of the other, there will fcarce be perceived any
diflerence. Locke.

3. A region ; a traft.

The wat'ry kingdom is no bar
To ftop the foreign t'pirits; but they come.
As o'er a brook, to fee fait Pjrtia. Shalejptare .

Ki'ngfishi-k. n.f, {lialcym,^ A ipecics
of bird.

K IN

When dew refrefhing on the padure fields
The moon beilows, kingjifaers play on (hore.

May's Vitgil.
Bitterns, herons, fea-guUs, kingjiflicrs, and water-
rats, are great enemies to fifh. Mortimer's Hi{/t.
Ki'nglike. I ,. rr ,. T

K.'KGLY. J "'i'- [from ^,«rf.]

1. Royal ; fovereign ; monarchical.

There we'll fit
Ruling in large and ample cmpery.
O'er France, and all her almoli</'«j/)i dukedoms.

Sbakefp.

Yet thisplace
Had been thy kingly feat, and here thy r.ice.
From all the ends of peopled earth, hid come
To rev'rencc thee. Dry den's Stale of InnoceiKe.
In Spaita, a kingly government, though the people
were pcrlcftly free, the adminiflration was in the
two kings and the ephori. S^vift.

The cities of Greece, when they drove out their
tyrannical kings, either chofe others flora a new
family, or abolilhed the kingly government, and be-
came I'ree dates. S^-ifi.

2. Belonging to a king ; fuitable to a king.

Why Hell thou with the vile
In loathfome beds, and leav'ft the kingly couch
A watch-cafe to a common 'larum bell > Siakefp,

Then (haltihou give me with ihy kingly hand.
What bufband in thy power I will command.

Shakefpeare,

3. Noble; auguft; magnificent.

He was not born to live a fubjeft life, each aAioB
of his bearing in it majelly, fuch a kingly entertain-
ment, fuch a kingly magnificence, fuch a kingly heart
for enterprizes. Sidney.

1 am tar better born than is the king; "^

More like a king, more kingly in my thoughts.

Shakrfp.

Ki'nc LY. ad-v. With an air of royalty;
with fuperiour dignity.

Adam bow'd low; he, kingly, from his flate
Inclirt'd not. ' Milton's Paradife Lfk.

His hat, which never vail'd to human pride.
Walker with rev'rcnce took, and laid afide ;
Low bow'd the reft, he, kingly, did but aod.

Dunciad.

KincseVil. n.f. [/fj;/f and ftv/.] A fcro-
fulous diftemper, in which the glands are
ulcerated, commonly believed to be cured
by the touch of a king.

Sore eyes are frequently a fpecies oit\\t kingfevilf
and take their beginning from vicious humours in-
flaming the tunica adnata. If-'ifiman's Surgery.

Ki'ngship. n.f. [from hng.^ Royalty ;
monarchy.

They deiigned and propofed to me the new-model-
ling of foveieignty stni kingfltip, without any Kality
of power, or without any neceflily of fubjcdion and
obedience. i^'ng Charles.

We know how fuccefsful the late ufurpcr was,
while his army believed him real in his zeal againft
kingjl'ip ; but when they found out the impotiure,
upon hii afpiring to the fame himfelf, he was pre-
fcntly defcncd and oppofed by them, and never able
to crown his ufurped grcatncfs with the addition of
that title whi^ he pafiionately ihiilled after. South.

Ki'ncspear. n.f. [afphcdelies.] A plant.

Ki'ncstoke. n.f. [/quatina.'^ A fifli.

Ainfiuortb.

Ki'ksfoi.k. n.f. [te andyS/i.] Relations;
thofe who are of the fame family.

Thofe lords, lince their (irft grants of thofe lands,
have bellowed thco amongft their kinsfolks,

Spenfer.

My kinsfolk have failed, and my familiar friends

forgotten me. Jot, lix. 14,

Ki'n'sman. It, f. [if/// and /«c«.j A man

of the fame race or family.

The jury he made to be chofen out of their near-
eft kinfmtn, and their judges he made of their owa
fathers. Spenjtr^'

Both fair, and both of royal blood they feem'd,
Wli»in kinfmtn to the crowa the heralds deem'd.

• D'yJen.

Let

K I T

tef me ihnd ncluded from my right,

Kobb'd of my kin/man's arms, who tirft ippMr'd

in fight. DrydmU Fablet.

There is a branch ' the Medicis m Niplcs : the

bead of it has been owned as a k'wfma.n by the great

duke, and 'tis thought will fucceed to his dominions.

AJMJon on Italy.

Ki'nswoman. »./. [kilt aa^ "woman.] A

female relation.

A young noble lady, near kinfiioman to the fair
Helen, queen of Corinth, was come thither. Sidney.

The duke was as much in love with wit as he
was with his kinjivoman. Dcnx't's Letters.

Kirk. «./. [cynce, Saxon; xvctxn.] An
old word for a church, yet retained in
Scotland.

Home they haften the ports to dight,
And all the kirk pillars, ere day-lighi,
WiihhawtJiBrabuds, and fweel eglantine. Sfa/er.

Not is it all the nation hath thcfe Ipots,
There is a church as well as iiri of bcois.

Cletrvelafta ,

What one party thought to rivet by the Scots,
that the other contemns, defpiting the kirk govern-
ment and difcipline of the Scots. Kifg CbarUi.

Ki'rtle. /!./. [cyprel, Saxon.] .An upper
garment; a gown.

AH in a kirilc of difcolourtd fay
He clothed was. F'i'y £l?een.

What ftuff wilt thou have a kirllt oi ? Thou
(ball have a cap to-morrow.

Sbakeff tare's Htnrj IV.
Thy gowns, thy (hoes, thy beds of rofes.
Thy cap, thy kinU, and thy poiies,
Soon break, foon wither, foou forgotten.
In folly ripe, in reafon rotten. Raleigh.

TjKISS. 1). a. [cu/an, Welch; w'*-.]
l; To touch with the lips.

But who ihofe ruddy lips can mifs«
Which bleffed If ill themfelves do ki/u Sidney.

He took
The bride about the neck, and kiji her lips
W.tlifuch a clamorous fmack, that at the parting
AU the church ccho'd .

Shakiffeare's Taming of the Sbreu.
Their lips were four red tofes on a Italk,
And in the fummer beauty i//i'<»each other.

abakeffeare.

2. To treat with fondnefs.

The hearts ol I'rinces ki/i obedience.
So much they love it; but to llubborn fpirits,
They fwell and grow as terrible as ftotros. Sbake/f.

3. Tt) touch gently.

The moon (hines bright : in fuch a night as this,
When the fweet wind did gently ki/s the trees,
And they did make no noife.

Sbake/f. Merchant of Venice.

Kiss. n.f. [from the verb.] Salute given
by joining lips.

What feiile had I of her ftol'n hours or full ?
1 found not CaHio's kij^eson her lips. Sbak, Othello.

Upon my livid lips beftow a kifs :
O envy not the dead, they feel not blifs I ' Dryden.

Ki SSER. »./. [from kifs.'\ One that kijps.
Ki'ssiNGCRusT. n. f. \lij)ing and crufi.'\
Cruft formed where one loaf in the oven
touches another.

Thefe bak'd with kijfngcrufis, and thofe
Brought him fmall beer. King't Cookery.

Kn. n.f. \kiite, Dutch.]

1. A large bottle. Skinner.

2. A fm.ill diminutive fiddle.

■Tis kept m a cafe httcd to it, almoft like a
dancing-mafter'i kit. Gre-w's Mv/a-um.

3. A fmall wooden vefTcI in which New-
caftle falmon is font up to town.

Kl'TCHEN. «. /. [kegin. Welfh; keg,
Flemifh; cycene, Saxon; cuifene, French;
tucina, Italian; kyJhcn,Mx{.\ The room
in a houfc where the ptoviHoni are
cooked.
Vol. I»

Kir

Thefe being culpable of this crime, er favourers
of their friends, which are fuch by whom their
kitchens are fometimes amended, will not fuficr any
f«ch Ifatute to pafs. Spenfer.

Can we judge it a thing feemly for any man to go
about the building of an houfe to the God ot heaven,
with no other appearance than if his end were to
rear up a kitchen or a parlour for bis own ufe.

Hooker.

He was taken into fervice in his court to a bafe

office in his kitchen j fo that he turned a broach that

had worn a ctown. Bacon.

We fee no new built palaces afpite.
No kitchens emulate the vellal fire. Pofe.

Ki'tchengarden. n.J. [kitchen and gar-
den.] Garden in which efculent plants
are produced.

Gardens, if planted with fuch things as arc (it for
food, are called kitcbengardent. Bacon.

A kitchengtirden is a more pleafant fight than the
fincrt orangery. Upe^iator.

Ki'tch E NMAID. n.f. [kitchen and maiii.] A
maid under the cookmaid, whofe bufinefs
is to clean 'the utqnOU of the kitchen.
Ki'tchenstuff. n.f. [kitchen and fiiiff.]
'I he fat of meat fcummcd oft' the pot, or
gathered out of the dripping-pan.
As a thrifty wench fcrapes kitchenjtujf.
And barreling the droppings and the Inuti"
Of walling candles, which in thirty year,
Keli<lucly kept, perchance buys wedding cheer.

Donne.

Indead of kiicbrnjiuff fome cry
A gofpcl-pieaching miiiittiy. Hudiiras.

Ki'tchenwench. n.f. [kitchen indivench.]
Scullion ; maid employed to clean the
inftruments of cookery.

Laura to his lady was but a kiicbentvencb. Shjk.
■ Roatiing and boiling leave to the kitchentuench.

Sviift.

Ki'rCHENWORK. ». /. [kitchen znA ivork.]

Cookery ; work done in the kitchen.
Kite. n.f. [cyzi, Saxon; mil-jus.]

1. A bird of prey rhat infcfts the farms,
and fteals the chickens.

More pity that the eagle Ihould be mew'd.
While kites, and buzzards prey at liberty.

Shakeffeare.

The heron, when flie foareth high, fo as Ibme-
times Ihe is feen to pafs over a cloud, Iheweth
winds; but kites, flying aloft, (hew fair and dry
weather. Bacon.

A leopard and a cat feem to di(rer]u(l as a ^I'/r
doth from an eagle. Crew.

2. A name of reproach denoting rapacity.

Deict>ed kite ! thou lieft. Shakfp. King Lear^

3. A fiftitious bird made of paper.
A man may have a great eftatc conveyed to him j

but if he will madly burn, or childillily make paper
il/7ej, ot his deeds, he forleits his title with his evi-
dence. Governmitit of the Tongue.

Ki'tesfoot. n.f. A plant. jiinfworth.

Ki'tten. ?;./. [kaltehen, Dutch. It is pro-
bable that the true fingular is hit, the di-
minutive of cat, of which the old plural
was kitten, or yoting cats, which was in
time taken for the fingular, like f^VX-f».]
A young cat.

That a mare will fooner drown than an horfe, is
not experienced ; nor is the fame obferved in the
drowning of whelps and kittens.

BrotuH*s Vulgar Erruurs.

It was fcratched in playing with » kitten.

Wife man.

Helen wasjuft fiipt into bed ;
Her eyebrows on the toilet lay,

Aw.iy the kittrn with them fled,
As lees belonging to her prey. Prior ^

TiKi'rTEN. <v. n. [from the noun.]- To
bring forth young cats.

So it would have dune

K N A •

Al the faime feafon, if your mother's cat
Had kittcn'd, though yourfcif had ne'er been bsmi'

Sbakefpeare.
The eagle timbered upon the top of high oak,
and llie cat kittened in the hollow trunk of it.

L'Eftrajigc.
To Klick. "v. n. [from clack.]

1. To make a fmall (harp noife.

2. In Scotland it denotes to pilfer, or fteal
away fuddenly with a fnatch.

To Km A B. v. a. [knafpen, Dutch; knaap,
Erfe.] To bite. Perhaps properly to
bite fomething brittle, that makes a noife
when it is broken ; fo (hat knab and knaf
may be the fame.

1 had mucli rather lie knahhing crufts, without *
fear, in my own hole, than be muhefs of the world
wiih cares. L'FJirange.

An afs was wilhing, in a hard Winter, for a little
warm weather, and a mouthful of frclh grafs to
knab upon. . L' Ejtrange.

ToKna'bble. "V. n. [from i)ip5*) 1 o bite
idly, or wantonly ; to nibbK'^ This word
is found petiiaps no where elfe.

Horfes will knabhle at walls and rats gnaw iron.

BrotvU.
KN^^CK. n.f [cntirinje, (kill, SaX6n.]
I. A little machine; a pretty contrivance; ■
a toy.
When I was young, 1 was wbnt
To load my (he with knacks 1 I would have
ranfack'd
The pedlar's filkcn treafury, and have pour'd it
To her acceptance. Hhakefp. IVinler's Tale.

For thee, fond boy.
If I may ever know thou doll but figh
That thou no more (halt fee this kntick, as never
1 mean thou (halt, we'll bar ihce fromfucceflion.

Sbakefpcare,
This cap was moulded on a porringer,
A velvet dilh; fie, fie, 'tis lewd and hlihy:
Why 'tis a cockle ora walnut (hell,
A knack, a toy, a tiick, a baby's cap. Shakeffeare.

But is't not prefumption to write verfe to you.
Who make the better poems of the two ?
For all thefe pretty knacks that you compofe,
Alas ! what are they but poems in prole 1 Denham,

He expounded both his pockets.
And found a watch, with rings and lockets;
A copper-plate, with almanacks
Engrav'd upon't, with other inarii. HuJiiia:.

I. A readinefs ; an habitual facility ; a •
lucky dexterity.

I'll teach you the knacks
Of eating of flax
Andout of iheir nofes
Draw ribbands and pofies. Ben Jonfon's Gyfjies.

The knack of fait and loofe palfcs with foolilh
people for a turn of wit ; but they are not aware all
this while of the defperale confequences of an ill
habit. VEJirang .

There is ac:rtain knark in converfation th.it givts
a^^ood grace by the manner and addrcfs. V EJlrangt".

Knaves, who in full allrniblics have the k':ack
Of turning truth to lies, and white to black. Dryden,

My author has a great *nari at t«>tirlvk : in the
end he makes another about our rehnin; in contio-
verfy, and coming nearer and nearer to tiu- church of
Rome. Atterbuiy.

The dean was famons in his time, ■
And had a kind of knack at rhyme. Stiiifi.

3. A nice trick.

For how Ihould equal colours do the knack ?
Cameleons who can painl in white and black ?

Pcjir.

To Knack, w. n. [from the noun.] Jo
make a fliarp quick noife, as when a ftick
breaks.
Kna'cker. a. /. [from knack.]
I. A maker of fmall work.

One part for plow-right, knacker, and fmith.

r r " Martimcr,

A rope-maker. [Reflio, Latin.] ^in/w.
6X Knac.

K N A

Knac. n.f. \knai, a wart, Danifh.] It is I
retained in Scothnd. A hard luiot in

wood. , ,r f

Kna'cgy. aij. [from lnag.\ Knotty; fct
with hard rough knots.

Knap. n.f. \cnafi_ Wel(h, a protuberance,
or a broken piece; cnxp. Saxon, a pro-
tuberance.] A protuberance, a fwcUing
prominence.

You fliall fce many fine feati fet upon a knaf^\
•tojnd, environed with higher hilh round about it,
whereby the heat of the fun ii pent in, and the wind
Salhctcdai in troughs. '>'""•

To Knap. -v. a. [knappert, Dutch.J
1 . To bite ; to break fliort.

He knatftth the fpear in funder. Common Prayer.
He will inaf the fpears a-pieces with his teeth. ^

J. [Knaap, Erfe,] To ftrike fo as to make
a (harp noife like that of breaking.

Kiap a pair of tongs forae depth in a veffel ot
water, and you (hall hear the found of the tongs.

r»KNAP. T. ». To make a Ihort iharp
noife. . , „ ,

I reduced th«nioulderjfofoon, that the ftanders-
by heard them k>,af in before they knew they were
out. ■'-,

Kxa'pbottlh. n.f. [paptrver fpumeum. \

A plant. T rr. U 1

7()Kka'pple.t.». [hom knap.\ To break
oft' with a (harp quick noife.

Kna'psack. »./. [(torn hiappen, to eat.]
The bag which a foltiier carries on his
back ; a bag of provifinns.

The conftitutions oi this church (hall not be re-
realed, 'till I fee more religious motives ihanfoldiers
carry in .heir t»,f/ack.. A'«« CharUs.

It you are for a merry jaunt, I'll try for once who
can fbot it fariheft: there .ire hedges in Summer,
ar.d bams in Winter: 1 wiih my inapfack, Ai>i.
YOU with vour bottle at your back : wcM leave
honour to ikidmeo, and riches to knaves, and travel
till we come to the ridge of the world. Dryje^.

Kna'pweed. «./. ijaua, Latin.] A plant.

Miller.

Knare. »./. {htor, German.] A hard
knot. , . , J

.\ cake of fcurf lies baking on the ground,
A;:d prickly Itubs inftead of trees are found j
Or woods with knots and *«a>Mdelorm'd and old,

" ■ ■ ■ .1.1 Drydcn.

KNE

Headlefs the mod, and hideous to behold

KNA'VE. n.f [cnapa, Saxon. j

1 . A boy ; a male child,

2. A fervant. Both thefe are obfolcte.

For as the moon the eye doth plcife
With gentle beams not hurting fight,

Yet hath fir fun the greater praife,
Becaufe from him doth come her light;
So if my man muft praifes have,
What then muft I that keep the knai^t. Sidmy.

He eats and drinks with his domcftick flavesj
A verier hind than any of his knimei. .^'y'"'-

3. A petty rafcal; a fcoundrel; a dithoneft

fellow. .

Moll men rather brook their being reputed knavrs,
tlian for their honcfty be accounted fools ; kninr, in
the mean time, paffing for a name of credit. Souib.

When both plaintiff and defendant happen to be
traftv knaves, there's equity againft both.

' L'Eflrange.

An honeft man may take a knave' t advice ;
But idiots only may be cozen'd twice. Dtyden.

See all our fools afpiring to \xkr.)rvt>. _ Poft.

4. A card with a foldier painted on it.
for 'twill reiurn, and turn i' account,

If we are brought in piay upon't,

Or but by carting i»<v« get in,

What pow'r can hinder u» 10 wm ! tbtdriirat.

K«J v'vERY. n.f. [from knanie."]
I. Diftioncftyi mcks; petty viUainy.

Here's no knavery) Sec to keguite the old folks,
how the young foUu lay their heads together.

' Sbakefpetre.

If I thought it were not a piece of honeftvto
acquaint the king withal, I would do it , 1 hold it
the more knavery to conceal it.

Sbakeff. ff/xier'a Tale.

The cunning courtier (hoaid be flighted too.
Who with dull kaj^'iry makes fo much ado;
•Ti 1 the (htewd fool by thriving too too faft.
Like .Slop's fo» becomes a piey at laft. DryJe«-

t. Mifchievous tricks or praftices. In the
following jraffage it feems a general term
for any thing put to an ill ufe, or per-
haps of trifling things of more coft and

ufe.
We'll reveal it as bravely as the bcft,
"With amber bracelets, beads, and aUtbis knav ry.

Shakt/peare.

Kna'vish. adj. [from ina^e.]

1. Dilhoneft; wicked; fraudulent.

■Tis foolifli to conceal it at all, and linawjb to do
it from friends. P<:p''' l^H"'-

2. Waggifh ; mifchievous.

Here (he comes curft and fad ;
Cupd is a knavljh lad.

Thus to make poor females mad. Sbakejf.

Kna'vishly. adv. [from kacevifb.'l

1. Dilhoneftly; fraudulently.

2. Waggifhly; mifshievoufly.
To KNE.'iD. f. a. [cna;ban, Saxon ; knedev,

Dutch ] To beat or mingle any ftuffor
fubftance. It is feldom applied in po-
pular language but to the atl of making

bread.
Here's yet in the word hereafter, the kneading,

the making of the cakei, and the heating of the

It it a lump, where all beafts kneaded be,
Wifdom makes him an ark, where all agree. Donne.

Thus kneaded up with milk th; new-made man
His kingdom o'er his kindred world began ;
'Till knowledge mifapply'd mifonderl'tood,
And pride of empire, lour'd his balmy Wood.

Drydeu.

One parte of flerti on all degrees beftow'd,
And kneaded up alike with moUI'ning blood.

Dryden.

Prometheus, in the kitrading up of the heart, fea-
foned it with fome furious particles of the lion.

Addi/on's SpeHalor.
No man ever reapt his com.
Or from the oven drew his bread,

Ere hinds and bakers yet were born,
That taught them both to fow and knead. Prior.
Tlve cake (he kneaded was the fav'ry meaU

Prior.

Kne'adingtrouch. ». /. [kntaJ and
troi/gh.] A trough in which the pafte
of bread is worked together.
Frogs Ihall come into thy kneadingtrought.

Exodus.

KNEE, n.f [cneob, Saxon ; knee, Dutch.]
I. The joint of the leg where the leg is
joined to the thigh.

Thy royal father
Was a moll lainted king: the queen that bore thee,
Ol'tcncr upon her kneet than on her feet.
Died everyday (he liv'd. Sbakeffeare'i Maclelb.
Scotch (kink is a kind of ftrong nourilhmem,
made of the kneet and finewt of beef long boiled.

Bacon.
1 beg and clafp thy kneet. MUim.

Wearied with length of ways, worn out with toil,
lb lay down and leaning on her kneet,
Invnk'd the caufe of all her miferies ;
And call her languiSiing rrpards above.
For help from Heav'n, and her ungrateful Jove.

Dry din.
J. A hite is a piece of timber growing
crooked, and fo cut that the trunk and
branch make up an angle.

Mtxeni Mtch, Exer.

KNE

Such difpontioiii are Uie fittcft limber to nikt
great politicks of: like to *»« timber, that iigsod
tbrlhips that are to be tolled } but not for building
houfcs, that fliall ftand hrm. Baii>i.

To Knee. 1: a. [from the noon.] To
fupplicate by kneeling.

Uo you that banifli'd him, a mile before hit t«at
fall down, and knee ilie w*y into his mercy.

Sbakrffi. Cmiotamtt,
Return with he t !
Why, the hot blooded France, that dow'ilefs l©oV
Our youngeft born : i cou'.d as well be brought
To knee his throne, and fquire-likc penfion beg.

Shakrff.

Kneed, adj. [from biee."]

I. Having knees: ai in-kneed, ot aut-kneei.

t. Having joints : as kneed grafs.

Kke'edefp. /jdj. [^knee ini deep.^

I . Riling to the knees.

z. Sunk to the knees.

The country pealant meditates no harm,
When clad with (kins of beads to keep him warirrj
In winter wcithcr uiiconcera'd lie goes,
Almoli kneedeep, through mire in clumTy Dioe!.

Dtydn,
Kne'edcrass. n. f. \^gromen geiMulalHm,\

An herb.
Kne'eholm. ». yi \ajuifalitim.'\ An herb

Ainfioorth,
I Kne'epak. n.f. [iwf and pan^^ A little
1 round bone about two inches bro<id

.bout two inches bro<id,

pretty thick, a little convex on both fides,
and covered with a fmooth cartilaoe on its
forefide. Jt is foft in children, but very
hard in thofe of riper years: it is called
patella or mola. Over it pafles the tendon
of the mtifcles which extend the leg, to
which it ferves as a pully. ^incj.

Tlie kneepan muft be (hewn, with the knitliiij;
thereof, by a line Ihadow underneath the joint.

Peacbam en Drarujirtg.

To Kneel. i». ». [from knee.'\ To perform
the aft of genufleftion ; to bend ths
knee.

When thou do'ft aik me blefling, I'll ixee/iovra.
And aflc of that forgivcnefs.

Shakefpeare*t King hear.
Ere I was rifen from the place that (hew'd
My duty kneeling, came a reekir^ poll,
Stew'd in his halte, half breathing, panting fbrib
From Goneril, bis midrefs, falutation.

Shakefpeare.
A certain man ineet/ng down to him, faid, Lord,
have mercy upon my fon ; for be is luoatick.

Matt. xvii. 14.

As foon as you are drelTed, knrel and fay the

Lord's prayer. Taylor's Guide r» Devotion.

Kne'etribute. n.f. [knee and trii/itte.]

Genufleftion ; worlhip or obcifance Ihown

by kneeling.

Receive from ui
Kneetriiute yet unpaid, proftration vile. Milton.

Knel. n.f. \cnit, Welfh, a funeral pile;
cnyllan, to ring. Sax.] The found of a
bell rung at a funeral.

I would not with them to a fairer death,
And fo his knell is knoll'd. Slaie/p.

Sea nymphs hourly ring his kneil :
Hark, now I hcarthem. Sbakeff,. Timftji,

When he was brought again to th' bar, to hear
His .{»£■// rung out, his judgement, he was llirr'd
With fuch an agony, he fvveat eurcmely.

Sbaktffeare.
AH thefe motions, which we faw,
Are but as ice, which crackles at a thaw :
Or as a lute, which in moift wealhrr ringt
Her knelt alone, by cracking of her (Iriogs. Donnt.

Unhappy (lave, and pupil to a bell,
Which hK hours work, »« hour* do trti j
Unhappy 'till the laft, the kiud releafing kndl.

Coviley,
At

K N r

At dawn poor Sulla danc'd ind Tung;
Th« am'rous youih around her bow'U :

At night her fatal kxeliva ruiij ;
I faw, and kiC'J he- in her ibrowd. Prior.

Knew. The preterite of ifojcw.
Kmfe. fi./. ^Imt. hinei. [cnip, Saxon ;
inif, Diniih.] An inftrument edged and
pointed, wherewith meat is cut, and ani-
mals killed.

C*ine, thick night,
And pall thte is tht dtiondl I'moke of hell.
That my keen imff fse not the wound it makes.

Sbakfffijre.
Bkft nowcn, forbid thy tender life
Should bleed upon a barbarous iai/i. Crajha-w.

The facred priefls with ready ^flvV« bereave
The beaft of life, and in full bowls rfceive
The ftreaming Mood. Dryden': Mn.

Ev'n in his tleep he ftarts, and fears the ktilft.^
KiA, trembling, io hi< arms takes his accomplice
wile. Drjden.

Pain is not in the inife that cuts us : but we call
it catting in the knife, and pain only inourfclKs.

KNIGHT, v.f. [cmbr. Sax. iwfi/,Gerra.
a fervant or pupil.]

I. A man adranced to a certain degree of
military rank. It was anciently the cuftom
to knight every man of rank or fortune,
that he might be qualified to give chal-
lenges, to fight in the lifts, and to per-
form feats of arms. In England knight-
hood confers the title oijir: &i,fir 1 ho-
mas, fir Richard. When the name was
not known, it was ufual to fay fir
knight.

That fame i»/g4('s ownfword tbisisafyare.
Which Merlin made. Sftnjcr.

Sir knight, if ittlgii tisou be,
Abaodon this forellalled place. Sper/rr.

When every cale io law is right.
No fquirtin debt, and no poor h.'igit.

ahjifff. King Lear.
This iiiighi; tut yet why ihouM I call him
knigbtf
To givx inpiety to this rev'rent ftile ? Dtmiel.

Vo fquire with knight ivi better tk
In parti, in manners, and in wit. Hutii6ras.

2. Shaif/peare nks it of a female, and it mull
therefore be underftood in its original
meaning, pupil or follower.

Pardon, goddcls of the night,
Thofe that flew thy virgin inigitf
For the whith, with fongj of woe,
Rovrnd about her tomb they go. Sbakiffeart.

3. A champion.

He fuddenly unties tht pcrke.
Which out of it fcnt fuch a fmoke,
As ready was them all to choke.
So grievous was the pother ;
So that the i»/£^;itich other loft.
And flood as ftill as any poll. DrayUM.

Di4 1 Sw this my country bring
To help their knig'jt aptm& their king,
Aadraife the firltfedilioD? Dcnimm.

XyiGHT Errant. [devmlier errant.] A
wandering knight ; one who went about
in queft of adventures.

Like a bold knighi errant did proclaim
Combat to all, and bore away the dame. Deniam,

The ancient errant knigifts
Won all their miftrefTcs in fights ;
They cut whole giants into fritters.
To fut them into am'rouj twittcrt. UuJttrat

Kkioht Errantry, [from knirht frrmit.\
The charafter or manners of wandering
knights. *

a b. uulh fort of kmg/^t arrantry, feckiog out need kfs
eiicountcrj. ki t

K« JCBT t>ftht Ptfi. A hireling evidence •
3

K N I

a knight dubbed at the whippiiig port, or
pillory.

There arc kitigiu rf the foft, and holy cheats
enough, to fwear the truth of the bioadeft contra-
diftions, where pious frauds ihall give them jn ex-
traordinary call. Saittii.

Knights ef the Shire. One of the repre-
fentativesof a county in parliament: he
formerly was a military knight, but now
any man having an eftate in land of fix
hundred pounds a-year is qualified,
ro Knight, o/. a. [from the noun.] To
create one a knight, which is done by
the king, who gives the perfon kneeling
a blow with a fword, and bids hiin rife
up/r.

Favours came thick tipon him : the next St.
George's day he was knighted. ffclton.

The lord protedtor knighted the king; and im-
mediately the king ftood up, took the fword from
the lord proteftor, and dubbed the lord mayor of
London knight. Hayward.

The hero William, and the martyr Charles
One knighted li\iji]i.motc, andonepeufion'dOu.irles.

Pope.
Km'oHTLT. attv. [itom knight.'] Befit-
ting a knight ; befccming a knight.

Let us take care of your wound, upon condition
that a more knigbily combat lhall be per.'brmed be-
tween us. - ^ Sidney.

How dares your pride prefume aeafoft my laws :
As in a lifted field to fight yourcaufe :
Unafk'd the royal grant, no marihal by,
A'^ knightly rites require, nor judge to try. Dryden.

Kni'ghthood. w. /, \{iQvciknigkt.] The
cbaf after or dignity of a knight.

Tlie fword which Merlin njjde,
For that his nourfling, when he knightiiiod fivore,
Therewith to doen his fees eternal ftnart.

Fairy ^ueen.
Speak truly on thy knigbtbooil, and thine oath,
And Io defend thee Heaven and thy valour.

Shakiffeare.
Is this the fir, who fome wafte wife to » in,
A knighthood bought, togoa-wooing in ' Ben Jonf.

If you needs mult write, write Cafar's praife,
You'll gain at leaft a knighthood or the bays. Pope.

Kni'chtless. fl^'. [irom knighi.] Unbe-
coming a knight. Obfolete.

Arife, thou curied mifcrcanf.
That had with krighilefs guile, and treacherous

train,
Fair knighthood foully fliamed. Fairy Queen.

To KNIT. -v. a. preter. init or knUted.
[cmrcan, Saxon. J

1 . To make or unite by texture, without a
loom.

Sleep, that knitx up the ravell'd fleeve of care.
The birth of each day's Ufe, fore labour's bath,
Balm of hart minds. Shakrff. Maibetb.

A thculaiid Cupids in thofe curli do lit j
Thofe curious nets thy llender fingers knit. IValler.

2. To tye.

Send for the county j go tell him of thit ;
I'll have this knot knit up to-morrow morning.
_ . . . ^bakefptare.

3. lo join; to unite. This was formerly
a word of extenCve ufe ; it is now Icfs
frequent.

His gall did grate for grief and highdifdain,
f^ai knitting all his force, got one hand free.

TL <■ • Spaifer,

1 hele, mme enemies, are all knit up
Jn theirdiftraaions : they arc in my power. Sbakeft.
O let the Vile world end, ^"^

And the prcmifed flames of the laft day
Knii earth and heav'n together !

Sbake/feare't Henry VI.
Lay your highncfs'
Command upon me ; to the which my duties
Are with a moft iuiii&luWc tye
»«r«|wX«/V. Sh«keff, Macteth.

K N O

This royal hand and mine are mv^\jknL;
And the conjunftion of our inward fouls
Married in league. Shakcff. King 'John.

By the fimplicity of Venus' doves.
By that which knitteth foul:, and pro.'pers Ijves.

Sbaki'fpeare.

It ye become peaceably, mine heart fhall be knrt
"""yo"' I Cbron. xii. 17.

I hat their heart! might be comforted, being knit
togetlier in love. Cnl. ii. ».

He doth fundamentally and mathemitically de-
monftrate the firmed knitting! of the upper timbers,
which make the roof. H-'oiton't ArchitecJure.

i ride and impudence, in fsAion knit,
Ulurp the chair of wit I Hen Jonfon't Nrw Inn..

Ye knii my heart to you by alking this queftion.

Tu r . ■ Bacon.

Ihcle two princes were agreeable to be joined in
marriage, and thereby knit both realms into one.

Hayward.

t,onr.e, knit hands, and beat the ground,
In a light fantaftick round. Afilton.-

God gave feveral abilities to feveral perfons, that
each might help to fupply the publick needs, and,
by joining to fill up all wants, they be knit together
by juftice, as the parts of the world are by nature.

Taylor's Rule tf living Holy,

Nature cannot knit the bones where the parts are

under a difcharge. Wijeman's Surgery.

4. To contraft.
What are the thoughts that knit thy brew in

frowns.
And turn thy eyes fo coldly on thy prince ?

. AJdifcrt,

5. To tie up.
Ke faw heaven opened, and a certain yeffel de..

fceiiding unto him, as it had been a great (heet, knit
at the four corners,and let down to the e.irth.

Aa,.x. II,

ViKNIT. 1^. ».

1. To weave without a loom.

A young (bepherdefs knitting and fir.ging: her-
voice comforted her hands to work, and her hands
kept time to Jier voice's mulick. Sidnev.

Make the world dtftinguilh Julia's fon
From the vile offspring of a trull, that fits
By the town-wall, and for her living liw/j-. Dryden,

2. To join ; to clofe ; to unite. Not ufed.

Our fcver'd navy too
Have knit again; and float, threat'ning moll fea.like.
ir r rr Sbakrfpeure.

Knit. w,/. [from the verb.] Texture.

Let their heads be (leekly corob'd, their blbe coals .
tiufii'd, and their garters of an indifferent >/r/V.

Shakrffeert.

Kni'tter. a. / [from /{»//.] One who
weaves or knits.

The fpinftersand the knitter t in the fun.
And the three maids that weave their thread with

bones.
Do ufe to chant it. Sbake/p. Tivelf-.h Night.

Kni'ttingneedle. n.f. [knit and wf<ft.]
A wire which women ufe in knitting.

He gave her a cuflf on the ear, (he would prlcfc
him with her knitiingneedle.

Ariiiihnoi's John Bull.

Kni'ttl^. n. /. [from knit.] A firing

that gathers a purfe round. Ainfworth.

KNOB. n.f. [cnzp, Saxon; knoo/>, Dutch.]

A protuberance ; any part bluntly rifing

above the reft.

lull before the entrance of the right auricle of the
heart is a remarkable knot or bunch, raifed up from
the fubjacent fat. /Jji.

Kno'bbed. atlj. [from kmi.] Set with
knobs ; having protuberances.

The horns of a roe deer of Greenland arc pointed
at the top, a.nd knobbed or tuberous at the bottom.

Creiu.

Kno'bbiness. n.f. [from knobbj.l The.

quality of having knobs.
Kno'bby. <7(^'. [ixomknob.]

1. Full of knobs.

2. Hard; ftubboTO.

K N O

The infennen continaei in a inMy kind ef oS-

ftuucY, lefoWiog ftiU vo conceal the names of ihe

.author,. «««•'•

Ts Knock, 'v. n. [cnueian, Saxon ; cruce, a

blow. Weim.] , r .. , .

I. To claflij to be dnven ludtienly to-

Any hard body thrift forwards by another body
.contiguous, without knoikhg, givcth no '"'[=•

Haccn'i h'.uural HiJlory<

They may fiv, the atoms ol the chaos beiug va-

rioufly moved according to this cathoUck law, muft

reeds knock and interteie. . Be»tUy.

a. To beat, as at a door for admittance;
commonly with at.

Villain, 1 fay, knuk me at this gate,
And rap me «-ell ; or Til knock your knave's pate !

' Shukefpcare.

Whether to knock againft the gates of Rome,
Or rudely vifit them in parts remote,
To fright them, ere deftroy. Sbakrff. Coaolanus.

1 bid the rafcjl kna.k upon your gate,
And couM not get liim for my heart to do it.

Sbakefprart,

For harbour at a thoufand doors they kmck'd,
Kot one ol all the tlkoufand but was lock'd. Dij/dcn.

ICnoct at your own bread, and alk your foul,
If thole fair fatal eyesedg'd not your Iword. Dryden.
4. To Knock under. A common expreffion,
which denotes that a man yields or fub-
mits. Subraiffion is exprclTed amoaggood
•fellows by knocking under the table.
Followed commonly by a particle : as, to
knock up, to roufe by knocking ; to knock
down, to fell by a blow.
To Knock. a'.<7. r a. u

I. To afied or change in any tefpeft by

blows.

'.lovi do you mean removing him ?

Why, by making him incapable of Othello's p ace ;

knocking out his brams. Shtktft. Othello.

\ ' He that has his chains kmckfJ off, and the prilon

doors fet open to him, is perfettly at liberty. Locke.

Time was, a fober Englithman would knock
,His I'errants uf, and rile by live o'clock ;
Inftruft his family in ev'ry rule, ^ . , _

And fend his wife to church, his fon to fchool. J off.

f. To da(h together; to ftrike ; to collide
with a Iharp noife.

So when the cook law my jaws thus k«ock it.
She would have made a pancake of my pocket.

Cteaveluna .

At him he lanc'd his fpear, and pierc'd his
bread; ,.■ t.

On the hard earth the Lycian knock'd his head.
And lay lupine ; and lorih ihe fpirit fled. Drydcn.

' Tis the fport of ft.uelmen.
When hetoti knock their knotty heads together.
And fall by one another. _ , „ , , , ^''■"''•

jt. To Knock doivn. To fell by a blow.

He began to iwor/t </ow« his fellow-citiiens with
a treat deal of leal, and to fill all Arabia with blood-

A man who isgrofs in a woman's company, out,ht
to be knocked down with a club. Clarijfa.

4, To Knock oh the head. To kill by a
blow ; to deftroy.

He betook himfelf to his orchard, and walking

there was knocked m tie bead by a tree. South.

ExcefF, either with an apoplesy, knocks a man on

the bead; or with a fever, like fire in a ftrong-

waler-(hop, bums him down to the ground.

Grcvj'i Cofmol.

'■Knock. //. / [from the verb.]
I, A fudden ftroke ; a blow.

Some men never conceive how the motion of the
tarth Ihould wave them from a knock perpendicu-
larly direfted fiom a body in the air above.

Brown'i fu/gjr Errors,
Ajax belabours there an harmlefs ox.
And thinks that Agamepinon feels the knocks.

Dryden.

a. A loud ftroke at a door for admiffion.
4

K N O

Ouifcard, in hi leathern frock,
Siood ready, with his ihricc -repeated kmei I
Thrice with a doleful found the jarring grate
^ Rung deaf and ho'.bw. Dryden't Boccaee

Kno'cker. »./. [doea knock.] ,5

1 . He that knocks.

2. The hammer which hangs at the door
for ftrangers to ftrike.

Shut, Ihut the door, good John ! faligu'd, I laid.
Tie up the iiucker, fay I'm lick, I'm deatL Pofe.

r<7 Knoll, v. a, [from knell.] To ring
the bell, generally for a funeral.

Had 1 as many fons as 1 have haivs,
I would not wifh them to a fairer death
And fo his knell is knolfj. Sbakeff. Macielb.

To Knoll, a'. ». To found as a bell.

1 1 ever you have look'don better day?,
If ever been where bells have knoli'd to church.

Sbakefpeare.

Knoll, n.f. A little hill. Ain/iuorth.

Knop. w./. [A corruption of i{»«/.] Any
■tufty top. Aitijovorth.

Knop. »./. {^ranunculus.] A flower.
Knot. n.f. [cnotta, Saxon; knot, GtT-
man ; kmttte, Dutch; ^;/i5//c, Erfe.J

1. A complication of a cord or firing not
eafily to be difentangled.

He found that Reafon's felf nowreafons bound
To fallen knots, which fancy firft had found.

Sidney,

As the fair vcftal to the fountain came.
Let none be llartled at a veftal's name,
Tir'd with the walk, (he laid her down to reft;
And to the winds eipos'd her glowing breaft.
To take the frefhneis of the morning air,
And gather'd in a knot her flowing hair. Add'ifon.

2. Any figure of which the lines frequently
interfeft each other.

Garden knots, the ftets of hoiifcs, and all equal
figures, pleafe : whereas unequal figures are but de-
fo'rmiiies. Bacon.

Our fea-wali'd garden, the whole land,
Is full of weeds, her faireft Bowers choked up,
Her knots diforder'd. Shakejp. Rickard 11.

It fed
Flow'rs worthy paradife, which not nice art
In beds and curious knots, but nature boon,
Pout'd forth profufe on hill and dale, and -plain.

Milton.

Their quarters are contrived into elegant knots,
adorned with the mod beautiful flowers. AUre.

Henry in kn'As involving Emma's name.
Fad half-exprefs'd, and half-conceal'd his flame
Upon this tree; and as the tender mark
Crew with the year, and widen'd with the bark,
Venus had heard the virgin's fofl addrefs,
That, as the wound, the pafTion might increafe.

Prior.

. Any bond of affociation or union.

Confirm that amity
With nuptiaUifo/, ifihou vouchfafe togrant
That virtuous lady Bona. Sbakefp. Henry VI.

Richmond aims
At young Elizabeth, my brother's daughter.
And by ihatAao' looks proudly on the crown.

Shakeffeare.
I would he had continued to his country
As he began, and not unknit himfelf
The noble knot he made. Shakrfp. CorUlanus.

Why left you wife and children,
Thofe precious motives, thofeftiong inowof love ?
' Sbakeff.

Not all that Saul could threaten or perfuade.
In this clofe knoi, the fmalleft loofenefs made.

Coivley,

1. A hard part in a piece of wood caufed
by the protuberance of a bough, and
confequently by a tranfverfe direftion of
thfc fibres. A joint in an herb.

Taking the very refufe among thofe which ferved
to no ufc, being a crooked piece of wood, and fall of
knots, he hath carved it dilijenlly, when he had
nothing elfe ta do. "^t/*-

K N O

Sueh knelt andcrofTnefs of grain is obje^i'here,
as will hardly fuffer that form, which they cry up
here as the only juft rcformaiion, togoon Ibfmoaihly
here as it might do in Scotland. A.''<rg Charles.

. Difficulty ; intricacy.

A man fliall be perplexed with knots and pro-
blems of bulincfs, and contrary afTaiis, where the
determination is dubious, and both pans of the
contrariety fecm equally weighty ; fo thit, which
way focver the chuice determines, a man is lure to
venture a great concern. South' s Sermons.

1. Any intrigue, or difficult perplexity of
affltirs.

When Ihe difcovcry was made that the king was
living, which svas the knot of the play untied^ the
reft is Ihut up in thccompafsoffome few lines,

Diyden's Dtifrefnoy.

1. A confederacy ; an alTociation; a fmail
band.

OU youpanderly rafcals! there's a knot, a gang,
a confpiiacy againll me.

Shakefp. Merry Halves rfH'indfor.

What is there here in Rome that can delight thee ?

Where not a foul, without thine own foul kntit.

But tears and hates thee.' Ben jfonfon's Calallnt.

A knot oi'gojd-fellows borrowcu a turn of mo.icy

of a gentleman upon the king's highway.

L'Efirango.
I am now with a knae of his admirers, »lu>
make requcit that you would give notice of tlic
window where the knight intends lo appear.

Addifon's SfeSator,

8. A clutter; acollcftion.

The way of foittme is like the milky way in the
Iky, which is a meeting or knot of. a number of
fmall lUrs, not feen afunder, but giving light toge-
ther. B.icon't EJfays.

In a piSure, befides the principal figures which
compofe it, and are placed in the midll of it, there
are lefs groups or knots of figures difpofed at proper
diftances, which are parts of the piece, and feem t»
carry on the fame defign in a more inferior manner.

Drydm.

To Knot. 'v. a. [from the noun.]
I. To complicate in knots.

Happy we who from fuch queens are freed*.
That were always telling beads ; ,
But here's a queen when Ihe rides abroad
Is always knotting threads. Sedley,

z. To intangle ; to perplex.

3. To unite.

The party of the papifts in England are kecoms
more knotted, both in dependence towards Spain, and
amongft themfelves. Bacon.

To Knot. v. it.

1 . To form buds, knots, or joints in vege-
tation.

Cut hay when it begins to knot,

Mortimer's Hujhandry,

2. To knit knots for fringes.
Kno'tberkybush. ». /. [chamartttDrus.]

A plant. Jinfivorih.

Kno'tcrass. »./. [knot zndgra/j; folygo-

ttttm.] A plant.
Your minimus of hind'ring*«f»/gi-«/i made.

Sbake/p.
Kno'tted. adj. [from knot.] Full of knots.
The /i»i!/r^</oaks (hall fhow'rs of honey weep.

Dryden.

Kno'ttiness. «f,/. [from knotty.] Fulriefs
of knots; unevenuefs; intricacy; diffi-
culty.

Virtue was reprefented by Hercules naked, with

his lion's (kin and knotted club: by hisoakenclub

is lignihed reafon ruling the appetite ; the knottinefs

thereof, the difficulty they have that fcek after virtue.

Peacbam on Drawing.

Kno'tty. adj. [fromi»o/.]
I. Full of knots.

1 have feen tempefts, when the fcolding winds
Uavf riv'd the knotty oaks.

Shetkeffearc's Julius Ctrfar.

Ihe

K N O

Tfce tisnbsr in Tome trees more clean, In fome

more iii't'y '■ "■/ 't tiy fpeaking at one end, and

laying the ear at the other ; for if it be knotty, the

»oice will not pafs we'I. Baeon,

The kmtlj oaks th>.<.- lift'ning branches bow.

Rofcothmon.
One with a brand yet burning from the tfame,
Arm'd with a knoiij club another came.

Dryden^s ^tt,
Whet« the vales with violets once were crowii'J,
Now kmtiy burrs and thorns difgrace the ground.

DryJen.

2. Hard; rugged.

Valiant fools
Wer« made by nature for the wife to work with :
They are their tools ; and 'tis the fport of llatefmen,
When heroes knock their knotty hcids together,
And fall by one another.

RoTve^s iimhithui Stepmother.

3. Intricate; perplexed; difficult; embar-
raffed.

King Henry, in the very entrance, of his reign,
jnct with a point of great difBculty, and knotty to
folve, able to trouble and confound the wifell king,.

Bacon.

Princes eiercifrd flcill in putting intricate quef.

■ tions, and he that was the beft at the untying of

i««(/y difficulties, carried (he priw. L'EJirange.

Some on the bench the knotty laws untie. Diyi.

They compliment, they fit, they chat,
Fight o"er the wars, reform the Itate ;
A thoufand knotty poiots they clear,
■Till fupper and my wife appear. Prior.

To KNOW. V. a. preter. / Ine^y I ha-vt
kntnun. [cnapan, Saxon.]

1. To perceive with certainty, whether in-
tuitive or difcurfive.

O, that a man might knma
The end of this day's bufinefs ere it come ! Sbak.

The memorial of virtue is immortal, becaufe it is
knoTvn with God and with men. IVifd, iv. i.

The gods all things know. Milton.

Not from experience, for the world was new.
He only from their caufe their natures knew.

Denbam.

We doubt not, neither can we properly fay we
think we admire and lore you above all other men :
there it a certainty in the proportion, and ne
inna it. Drydin.

When a man makes ufe of tlie name of any fimple
idea, which he perceives is not underAood, he is
obliged by the laws of ingenuity, and the end of
fpccch, to malceimivn what idea he makes it Oand
for. Locke.

2. To be informed of; to be taught.

Ye (hall be healed, and it (hall be known to you
why his hand is not removed from you.

I Sam. vi. 3.

Led on with a defire to knoTu
What nearer might concern him. Milton.

One would have thought you had knotvn better
things than to expert a kindncfs from a common
enemy. L'EJirange.

3. To diftinguilh.

Numeration is but the adding of one unit more,
and giving to the whole a new name, whereby to
knovj it from thofe before and after, and dillinguilh
it fiom every fmalUr or greater multitude of unit:;.

Li'cke,

4. To recognifc.

What art thou, thus to rail on me, that is neither
known oi thcp, nor iwo-U'r thee ? Sbukfff.

They told what things were done in the way, and
(ow he was knonvn of them in breaking of bread.

Luke, niv. 35.

At nearer view he thought he knciu the dead.
And call'd the wretched man to mind. Flatman.

Tell me how 1 may >/!•!■«» him. Milton.

;. To be no ftranger to ; to be familiar
with.

What are you ?
— A moft poor man, made tame to fortune's blows.
Who, by the art of krtitvn and feeling (brrows.
Am pregnant to good pity. Sliakefj,, King Lear .

6, To converfe ivith another fcx.

K N O

And Adam hnnu Eve his wife, Cenef,:.

To Know. t,-. ». «.

1. To have clear, and certain perception ;
not to be doubtful,

I iS«jw of a furety, that the Lord hath fent liij
angel, and delivered me out of the hand of Herod.

Aclt.

2. Not to'be ignorant.

When they know within themfelves they fpeak
of that they do not well kntrw, they would nevcr-
thelefs feem to others to k^tow of that whiclt tht-y
may not well fpeak. Bmcs/i.

Not to know^ of things remote, but kncuf
That which before us lies in daily life,
Is the prime wifdom. Milton.

In the other world there is no conHderation that
wiUilingourconfciences more cruelly than this, that
we did wickedly, when wsknezu to have done better ;
and chofe to make ourfclves miferable, when we
tnderftood the way to have been happy. Tillatfon.

They might undcrftand thofe excellencies which
they blindly valued, fo as not to be farther impofcd
upon by bad pieces, and to know when nature was
well imitated by the moft able mafter^. Dryden.

3. To be informed.

The prince and Mr. Poins will put on our jer-
kins and aprons, and Sir John mull uot knov.' of it

Sbakcj'f.

There is but ana mineral body, that we know of,
heavier than common quickfilver. Boylr.

4. 79 Know for. To have knowledge of.
A colloquial expreflion.

He faid the water itfelf was a good healthy water ;
but for the party that own'd it, he might have more
difeafcs than he knerufor. Shakeff. Henry IV.

5. 7« Know of. In Shaie/peart, is to take
cognifance of; to examine.

Fair Hermia, (jueftion your delires.
Know c/'your youth, examine well your blood.
Whether, if you yield not to your father's choice,
You can endure the livery of a nua.
For ay to be in a Ihadycloiller mew'd. Shakeff.

Kno'wable. adj. [from kno'w.'\ Cogno-
fcible ; poflible to be difcovcred or un-
derftood.

Thtfc are refolved into a confefled ignorance, and
and I fhall not purfue them to their old afylum ;
and yet it may be, there is more knoiuable in thefc,
than in lefs acknowledged myfteries. Glanville.

'Tis plain, that under the law of works is com-
prehended alfo the law of nature, knotcuble by
reafon, as well as the law given by Mofcs.

Locke.

Thefe two arguments are the voices of nature,

the unanimous fuiTragcs of all real beings and fub-

ftanccs created, that are naturally knowMe without

revelation, Bentley.

Knower. ■>!./, [from /twoou.] One who
has Ikill or knowledge.

If we look on a vegetable, and can only fay 'tis

cold and dry, we are pitiful knowers. Glanville.

I know the refpedt and reverence which in this

addrcfs I ought to appear in before you, who are a

general knower of mankind and poetry. Soulberne,

Kko'winc. adj. [from knotju,^

I . Skilful ; well inftrufted ; remote from

ignorance.

You have heard, and with a knowing ear,
That he, which hath our noble father Uain,
Purfu'd my life. Shakeff. t^amlet.

The knoTvingeJl of thcfc have of late reformed
their hypothefis. Beyle.

What makes the clergy glarlout is to be knowing
in their profelTion, unfpoticd in their liv«s, adtive
and laborious in their charges* South.

The neceffity of preparing for the offices of rel igion
was a lelTon which the mere light and diiflatcs of
common reafon, without the help of revelation,
lati^ht all the kno'wing and intelligent part of the
world. Soutli's Sermon.

Bcllino, one of the fird who was of any confidcra-
tion at Venice, painted very drily, according to the
manner of hit time : he was very knowing both in
artfaitcAure and pcifjpettivc. D'yden.

K N U

All animals of the fame kind, which fcrm a (!••
c'efy, aremore kns'.uing than oihcr!, Addi/i.tt

2, Confcious ; intelligent.

Could any but a knowing piudent caufft
Begin fiich motions and alTign fuch laws?
U the Great Mind had form'd a different frame.
Might not yourwanton wit the fyllcm blame.

Bltttkm^e.
Kno'wing. n, f. [from knotjii.\ Know*
ledge. . .

Let him be fo entertaln'4 as fuits gentlemen of
your kniwing to a liranger of his ijuality. Sbakrfa,

Kko'wingj.y. (7ii'i'. [from^acww^.J With
Ikill ; with knowledge.

He knowingly and wittingly brought evil info the
world. Mo'e,

They who were rather fond of it than knowingly
admired it, i;|ight defend their inclination by their
reafon. Dryden.

To the private duties of the clofct he repaired, as
often as he entered upon any bufinefs of confequence ;
I fpeak knowingly. Atterburj,

Kno'wledge. n.f. [from jf»o<w.]

1 . Certain perception ; indubitable appre.
henfion.

Knowledge, which is the highcft degree of the
fpeculativelaculties, confifts in the perception of the
truth of affirmative or negative propofitions. ' Locke.

Do but fay to me what 1 Ihould do,
That m youc knowledge may by me be done.
And I am preft unto it.

Shake//,. AT»rcbant tfP'enice.

2. Learning; illumination of the mind.

Ignorance is the curfc of God,
Knowledge the wing wherewith we fly to heav'ii.

Shakeff,

3. Skill in any thing.

Shopmen that have knowledge of the fea. Kings,

4. Acquaintance with any fa<S or perfon.

The dog ftfaight fawned upon hia mafter for oI4
knowledge. _ Sidney,

5. Cognifance ; notice.

Wliy have I found grace in thine eyes, that thou
(houldll take knowledgeoi me, feeing I am altranger >

Ruth.

A ftate's anger fliould not take
Knowledge either of fools or women. Bex Jon/on,

6. Information; power of knowing.

I pulled off my headpiece, and humbly entreated
her pardon, or knowledge why the was cruel. Sidney.

To Kno'wledge. v, a. [notinufe.] To
acknowledge ; to avow.

The prophet Hofea tells us that God faith of the
Jews, they have reigned, but not by me: which
provcth plainly, that there are governments which
God doth not avow : for though they be ordained by
his fecret providence, yet they are not knowtedged
by his revealed will. Bacon's Holy Har.

To Knubble. 'V, a. \knipler, Danifli.j
To beat. ' Skhtner.

KNU'CKLE. «./. [cnucle, Si^on; hwckk,
Dutch.]

1. The joints of the fingers protuberant
when the fingers clofe.

Thus often at the Temple-ftairs we've fcca
Twotritons, of a rough athletick mien.
Sourly difpute fome quarrel of the flood.
With knuckles btuis'd, and face bcfmeaf 'd in )>Iood.

GarlA.

2. The knee joint of a calf.

Jelly, which they ufed for a reftorative, is chiefly
made of knuckles of veal. Bacon's Na ural lliJI.

3. The articulation or joint of a plant.

Divers herbs have jbints or knuckles, as it wefc
flops in Iheir germination : as gillyflowers, pinks,
and corn. Bacon,

To Knu'ckle. 'V, rt. [from the noun.] To
fubmit: 1 funpofe from an odd cuftom
of ftriking the under fide of the table
with the knuckles, in confcfllon of an
ar^umental defeat.

Knu'ckleu

K N U

Kvu'cKLED. adj. [from kituci!e.'\ Jointed.

The retd or cane U a witry plant, and growelh
not but in the water, it hath thefe Drooerties, that it
U hollow, and it it knuckitJ both ftalk and root ;
that, being dry, it is more hard and fragile than
dher wood ; that it putteth forth no boughs, though
many ftalks out of one toot. Bacon's Nat. Hijl.

Knuff. n. /■ [perhaps corrupted from
kuave. Of. the fame with cbuff.^ A lout.

K N ir

An old word preferred in « rhyme of
prediftion.

The country knufft, Hob, Dick, and Hick,
With clubs and clouted (lioon.

Shall till up Dul&ndale
With Qaughtet'd bodies foon. Hajrumrd.

Knur. In./, [knor. German,] A
Knurle. j knot ; a hard fubllancc.

The ftony nodules found lodged in the ttrafa, are
called by (lie woilUBCQ hutrt and kno(t« ffoetiw.

K Y D

KuNED for knew, Sffu/er.

To Kyd. T.'. ». [corrupted probably from
cuB Saxon.] To know.

But ah, unjuft andworthlefs Colin Clout,
That kydj} the hidden kinds of many a weed ;

Yet kydJI not one to cure tliy fore heart root,
Whofe riukline wound as yet doth rifely bleed.

Sfvjtr

END OF THE FIRST YOLUMK.

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