RL NDNA Ne, Lh ) Sian o Me yy ems DAMOS DISPOSAL AREA MONITORING SYSTEM ANNUAL DATA REPORT - 1978 SUPPLEMENT H NEW HAVEN DISPOSAL SITE Naval Underwater Systems Center Newport, Rhode Island May 1979 WON AU 0 0301 0038844 3 DAMOS DISPOSAL AREA MONITORING SYSTEM ANNUAL DATA REPORT - 1978 SUPPLEMENT H SITE REPORT - NEW HAVEN Naval Underwater Systems Center Newport, Rhode Island New. England Division Corps of Engineers Waltham, Massachusetts May 1979 Sey vouyuouy piped) 65 be | v i a punos ; y UBD TS uopu07 —4OI patted a) aa ee MON feey N UUEZSe uo {UeUg dryseqybs4 uc3ze0g punoug [noe u0cjzecg SNOILVIO1 3LIS WAaLSAS SNIYOLINOW Sig Vauv WsodSId DISPOSAL AREA MONITORING SYSTEM This is one of a series of site specific data reports resulting from the DAMOS program, now two years in progress. DAMOS is the culmination of nearly a decade of prior study efforts, actually preceding NEPA, which have been directed towards the understanding of the effects of and the responsible management of the ocean disposal of dredged materials in New England waters as they fall wnder the authority ot the New England Division of the Corps of Engineers. The individual site reports hence- forth will be updated approximately on an annual bases as additional knowledge is gained, at least with respect to those sites where signifi- cant disposal activities will have occurred. NEW HAVEN The New Haven disposal site (Figure H-1) is located approximately 5 nautical miles south of the entrance to New Haven harbor, The site covers a bottom composed of soft silts that slope gently and smoothly to the south throughout the study area. Between October, 1973, and March, 1977 1.5 million cubic yards of material were dumped at this site from dredging of New Haven harbor. These spoils formed a symmetrical mound in the center of the disposal site. Subsequent to comple- tion of the New Haven project, additional smal] volumes of spoil have been dumped at a buoyed point southwest of the original site, Bathymetry Navigation for surveys in the vicinity of the New Haven disposal site is provided by trisponder stations at the Old New Haven Lighthouse and Stratford Point Lighthouse. Two surveys have been made at the New Haven site since the inception of the DAMOS program, the first on February 4, 1978, (Figure H-2(a-j)) and the second on July 28, 1978 (Figure H-3(a-k)). Both of these surveys showed the coni¢al shaped spoil pile with a minimum depth of 15-15.5 meters located approxi - mately in the center of the disposal area. Southwest of this mound a slight rise in the bottom can be seen, particu- larly on Lane 18 (Figures H-2 f and H-3 f), that is located just west of the Present position of the disposal buoy. 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LHY3S99NxX3 IDILYSA WOS —- IWAYSLNI SNA BLE! “62 % BZ Ann “NNOD ’N3AHH MAN 4a9 @Sh Q@BE a) 23 The extreme flatness of the bottom in this area provides an opportunity to test volume calculations relative to losses of spoil material over the period of time between surveys. However, the flatness also causes small verti- cal changes in depth measurement to result in large horizontal changes in con- tour locations. Consequently, programs are being developed to calcutate volume of spoil based on integration of vertical profiles, or inversely by calculation of water volume over a given area. This work is currently in progress and will be evaluated for application to this and other disposal sites. Currents Two sets of current data have been obtained at the New Haven di sposal site, The first set of data from 13 April, 1978 to 16 May, 1978 is presented in Table H-1 and Figure H-4(a-c), the second set from 29 July to 11 September is shown in Table H-2 and Fiqure H-5(a-c). Both sets of data are similar, how- | ever, in all respects, the second record has slightly higher energy content. | This energy is contained mostly in the residual component. The residual com- ponent of the second record has more than twice as much energy as the April to May record, while the tidal component is only 10% greater. It should be noted however, that the entire residual component comprises only 10-15% of the energy contained in each record. The 10% highest speeds for both of these records are less than the peak tidal speeds, which is also a reflection of the larae component of tidal motion, It is significant that these speeds represent only the upper 4.7 and 6.5% respec- tively. Consequently, the residual component is not sufficient to cause many values higher than the tidal motion alone. TABLE H-1 New Haven Current Pata 13 April-16 May, 1978 “Total OBS. | Tidal Cur- | Residual | Mean rent Inc. | 4 Current Mean Current } Current Semi -major axis (cm/sec) ey al ae (cm/sec ) sa a (OT) Horizontal. Kinetic energy (dynes/sec) PZ, 35 102. 31 11231 Peak Snead (cm/sec) erage maxi mum speed (cm/sec) TABLE H-2 NEW HAVEN CURRENT DATA 29 July-11 Sept., 1978 “otal se | Residual | : rent Inc. Current Mean Current | current | Semi-major axis q (cm/sec ) 16. ee woes: 93 eae minor axis (cm/sec) Direction (°T) Horizontal Kinetic energy (dynes/sec) 139. 37 uid iete 95 27, 16 10% Highest speeds | 29.62 (cm/sec) ‘5. Baal Peak speed (cm/sec) Average maximum speed (cm/sec) MPH. CSAHG@) SWIL AN AT A 248/K) E = THANSLNI C3305 a=] sg uu (235/W>) 93305 —SF>- = - z @ Be a ~ y Fe 2°26 : a BL ‘UU g2 UL AL “TIM El NAAYH M3N =f Spo eet laser te atic —-—--—}— ih I, ee “ ‘, mo thy |. (WLUW ew al USANA sabe pe ans EUS RSH -TaKS CSAHQ) aWIL @ hz. Q 22 a el ; a3t ETAT NAT ae z @ az 24S/M) EZ = THANIINI €33d5 a Bo . = a - ' A 6 , _ Bao! HL /AMW E OL BL /Tiddd az : N3AHH MIN ee ee oo | 14 | | We Mata aly “A Why Wy WW WW Ww 4 | ee ina l yh Wl RANA AS NAA fre 0 OSE | Ss ~ ix} fos) 3Z © THARZINI 3 PL /AUH GI OfL BL /AMH EI N3AUH MAN oe ee (SANG) BHIL @° BE “<2 A SE 935/H) Z@ = THAMBIN! C33a5 SZ = “LAEALN: 3 q33d5 (>35/W>> ¢1y'99G) E'S CL /°OFH Ef Of“L 82 ’A1N? G2 CSAHQ) SWIL wz Bal ; N3AWH M3N PA q a | M) \ NM (l (Ih Bch ad 3235/3 @ = WANSZLNI @aads (23S/W>) d33d5 SAG) See ig ai (SAHQ) SWIL Lag: yr NIABK MIN SHANA PANANAYAAAS AR EYE Kan WA is] a} Lo =] =] ~ 22 © TbAWULNI & (9395./W>) @33dS5 Cle Coa G ble & B BL ’7°1d3S 11 OL BL *’"OnH Bz NAAHH MAN ee SS Wh MI Va (" CSAHQ) ANIL @ BE A hE 4 AAPA 335/W) @ = TWAUBINI @aaes = WLWWYE YU ye NSANAAMAYSYN ANA A 3E = TWAMALN! § 3 83 @ aa C235/W>) 03305 HAUH MN (SANG) 3HIL Ble BL ET See] ose OS adn Se uk bacices)!tesy tate n 2 LIB {6 = = rey = 1- . id = ‘ = = toc . i \ Sa wise, Most of these data indicate that the tidal energy is the only siqnificant factor in current flow at the New Haven site. However, during the period from 14 to 15 May, 1978, a storm passed through the area that completely altered the pattern of flow and more than doubled the velocities encountered on the bottom (Fig. H-6). This stopm had strong easterly winds that affected the water column such that the westerly component of the tide on day "31" and "32" almost doubled in speed while the easterly component was essentially eliminated. Al- though this westerly drift must have moved significant amounts of water towards the western end of the sound, no rebound or reverse flow was observed following the storm, Events such as this must be monitored with the BOLT system to evaluate the stress and potential for erosion of spoils that may occur. Sediments Heavy metal contents of sediments from the New Haven area are presented in Table H-3, These samples have relatively high concentrations both on and off the spoil mound that compare with values measured in Western Long Island Sound. Although concentrations are htgh, the enrichment relative to iron is not as great as found in the western sound. Identification of spoil material on the basis of chemical content will be more difficult at New Haven, than at other locations because of the lack of contrast with baseline conditions. Biochemical Studies The Mytilus edulis samples from Latimer's Light used at the New Haven disposal site were collected on January 16, 1978. However, when ice in the Connecticut River caused a leak in the research vessel, the mussels were kept under flowing seawater conditions at Noank, Conn. until April 10, 1978. When Gn S vp Tl 63 Sal 6° 1 WEXS Cai Gey) T Il Te £76 99°C 6°6 8°72 7° 6 Xs (aad (¥ a : ) ) asea15/ {to TOS/TOA S6l tcl 78 c6 T9T RET 9¢¢ LQIC uz €1 8¢ SS 9€ 8¢ Of LS 6% OL 98 qd 9T IEG cS 77 ueem/-OT xX “G°S = OT 4q AtTdzaTnu sente, vA € [ie Gail 9G: Set 6€° Gal OG: Lea LL (eae SiGe Gre L6° 998 69° “a°SZ # od TIVs ‘Sy GL LU SHA! udd sjTejeu [TV 3H 49d no ALIS dWnd NYAVH MAN SISATVNVY LNSWIGHS SOVAENS €-H ATAVL 74 cot OVI Set ae) 9) Sle €8° Tfu Eat PO I HN 32a HN 861 AINe € HN Z HN 1 HN joa HN 8/61 T1udv Joy HN 1 HN dung dunq JO ms ONITdANVS aoe awuo 31dWWS JIHLNIG ~ §13aSSNW u6 601 2G02L u§ Lp. 800Lh Gale wySoee w£" EL, 600LP uc 92, ¥SoeL : n§ Bl. 600LP ~ §3904u0 =e = f= Save «| «Saodaua «| EVE S31dHVS JIHLNIS S13SSAW INJYYNI 9 Obi PSo2d n8 12, 600L¥ WL GliES—2Z| sw 6 SL EGq2Z ul 69,800 LP | LIS 3IN3YIIIY -3LIS WSOdSIG : uarey May “LTS SNOILYIOI JIdWWS ee-H J1aVL JLVG B/6 L/ALOC/6Z n6°SS:809lb |8Z/ LEEW /EL New Haven 72, 52.5! 72a 35K € Current Meter @) Mussell Cage @ Benthic Sample H-38 they were finally deployed, the disposal site mussels were located at 41908'59.1"N, 72953"19.1"W and the reference cage at 41909'16.2"N, 72954'26.0"W. Table H-4 and Figure H-7 summarize changes in the ratios of Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn in mussels maintained at New Haven disposal and reference site. Not- able increases in heavy metal concentrations are seen only in Cu and Zn. The concentration of Cu found in mussels from the New Haven disposal and reference sites, as well as Zn in those from the disposal site are significantly higher than that of the baseline. In general, even though the ratios are within the 95% confidence limits of the baseline concentrations, the ratios from the dis- posal area are always higher than those from the reference area. | Samples obtained from the disposal site cage in October "78 revealed that nearly all the mussels at the disposal site had died. Analysis of the mussels recovered is currently underway to determine the reasons for the high mortality. Replacement mussels from Latimer's Light will most likely be deployed during the next cruise to the New Haven area. Additional problems have arisen at the New Haven reference site where a dragger has fouled the cage and caused damage, however at. this time the problem does not appear to be severe. Benthic Macrofauna Tables H-5 and H-6 present the numerical density data for benthic macro- fauna at the New Haven disposal site and reference station, Although there. are greater numbers of individuals at the New Haven disposal site than at the ref- erence station, other parameters, such as Diversity and Equitability are similar. Fisheries No comprehensive studies of fisheries have yet been made at this disposal | area. In the DAMOS project, fishing activity in the dump site area will be- | Taste Ht, = Heavy Meta ConceNTRATIONS (PPM) IN MYyTILUS EDULIS FROM LATIMER’S LIGHT DEPLOYED AT CORNFIELD SHOALS, New Haven, WLIS anp CABLE AND ANCHoR REEF DisposaL SITES (SouTHERN New ENGLAND), DATE LOCATION Cp CR Cu _ He Pp ZN 1-16-78 LATIMER’S x 218 4,342 10,805 0;240 248,58 3.162 LIGHT Si); 37 0550 0,54: *0;028>. “alo 23 4-10-78 Xx 2. 77k 8,55 0 0,199 bl ert Sil 0.46 2,88 O38" 0,027 keZ,.29 45 §-9-78 X ee. “2745 8: 68) (O69: ib e52 2 S.D 0.009 1,44 7-29-78 NewHaven x 2,90 7.23 19,86 0.254 7.90 23 DisPOSAL SHE 0.29 1.68 0.86 0,010 0,99 20 SITE 7-29-78 New HAVEN x Zi2o “446° 230,20 0,160) “5,55. 29S REFERENCE SITE Say 1,4] 0.55 0,008 0.48 14 He . 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The area of interest is within a mile of the disposal buoy. Emphasis will be on direct interference, changes in catches, and condition of catches. Potential pollution problems will also be examined. Lobster. Lobstering is the major fishery in the disposal site area. On July 21, 1978 lobster buoys within one-half mile of the disposal buoy were identified by number and mapped. About 30 buoys were seen and four identification numbers were recorded. These were fished by three vessels. Buoy strings were concen- trated on the northen edge of the spoil mound. There were two strings on the northeast part of the mound, a few buoys southeast of the mound, and none were seen on the southwest portion of the mound. The twy fishermen operating most of the pots seen in the area were inter- viewed by telephone. The following description is drawn from these conversa- tions and should be considred as a starting point to be corrected and expanded. It was reported that in addition to the three fishermen whose buoys were seen at the dump -site two others have large numbers of pots close enough to the west to be concerned with dump site management. One fisherman reported placing pots at the site in April and remaining there until September or November ; another fishes the site from March 15th to Labor Day and from Octoher 15th to January. Pots are moved relatively little as com- pared to other parts of New England where fishing follows inshore-offshore mi - grations. The preference for leaving pots in place has resulted in fishing close to the site while dumping was taking place. One fisherman reported that previous to the 1973 disposal, catches were better in the dump site area than east or west of it. Egg bearing lobsters were particularaly abundant. During the 1973-74 disposal some gear was lost due to surface vessel activity. A few pots fished on the site caught no lobsters throughout the spring following cessation of dumping. In the year following, catches on the spoil were very low and pots could be stuck in the soft mud. Low catches and "mudding up" were correlated with strong spring tides. Since 1974 there has been slow recovery of catches with possible drop-offs associated with the small dumping jobs. The present catches are estimated by one fisherman to be one-half of pre-1973 levels and smaller than in the area west of the site. The lobsters caught at the dump site are reported to be of high quality with few culls. Relatively few "ground-keepers" with dark, heavy shells are found, One fisherman mentioned a relative absence of smaller lobsters while another mentioned the presence of small lobsters which reached legal size after shedding in the area. Tentative arrangements have been made with a lobsterman to collect data from strings of pots close to and at a distance from the site for two months prior to dumping, during dumping, and through the following summer. Data on “numbers, sizes, and sex of lobsters will be collected and the differences be- tween sites analyzed by analysis of variance. Finfish, Previous reports on the New Haven disposal site do not locate any trawl fisheries near the site. Lobstermen will make a tow for lobster bait in this area on rare occasions. During jate summer and fall large draggers from New York and New sersey fish for scup (porgy) in this area. Draqgers are reported to have avoided the spoil mound for several years until] it had leveled off or became more compact. DAMOS divers observed a deep gouge made by trawl doors on the spoil surface in 1978, Scup are often associated with bottom mounds and may be attracted to the spoil pile. The spoil mound is a very small part of the range of the scup fishery. Closure of the area to trawling would have no effect on the fishery as a whole, but would increase the value of the area to the lobster fishery. Oysters and other shallow water fisheries will not be considered in this